document_title: Michael Stivic

question_text: who played mike stivic on all in the family

text: Michael Stivic

text:
[hide]This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these template messages)

This article consists almost entirely of a plot summary. It should be expanded to provide more balanced coverage that includes real-world context. Please edit the article to focus on discussing the work rather than merely reiterating the plot. (August 2015) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (September 2011) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

(Learn how and when to remove this template message)

text:
Michael Stivic

Mike "Meathead" Stivic (Rob Reiner, top) with rest of Bunkers, Archie (Carroll O'Connor, bottom). Edith (Jean Stapleton, left), and Gloria (Sally Struthers, right) in cast photo

First appearance
"Meet the Bunkers"
(All in the Family)

Last appearance
"Thanksgiving Reunion: Part 2"
(Archie Bunker's Place)

Created by
Norman Lear
Based on Mike Rawlins, a character created by Johnny Speight

Portrayed by
Rob Reiner

Information

Occupation
College student, then professor (1975-)

Family
Edith Bunker (mother in-law) 1971-1980, her death
Archie Bunker (father in-law) 1971-1982 (?)
Casimir "Cas" Stivic (uncle)
Alexsander "Alex" Stivic (uncle)

Spouse(s)
Gloria Bunker Stivic (1971-1982)(?)

Children
Joey Stivic (son)

text: Michael Casimir "Mike" Stivic is a fictional character on the 1970s American television sitcom All in the Family. He was the live-in son-in-law of the series' lead character, Archie Bunker, who frequently called him "Meathead". Michael was the husband of Archie's daughter Gloria (played by Sally Struthers). Rob Reiner played the role of Michael Stivic throughout the series.

text: Character overview[edit]

text: The character of Michael Stivic is an Americanized version of the British original: Till Death Us Do Part's Mike Rawlins, the Trotskyist "Randy Scouse Git" who arouses the passionate ire of his arch-conservative father-in-law Alf Garnett. For the American version of this character, the Trotskyist angle was drastically softened: Michael Stivic is a social liberal and a leftist, but not an adherent of any form of communism and is presented as possibly a Democrat who is sympathetic to the Students for a Democratic Society movement (SDS), which is hinted by his occasional use of SDS ally and Yippie leader Abbie Hoffman's guerrilla theatre antics.

text: Michael Stivic is a Polish-American from Chicago. He was orphaned at a young age, with his parents having been killed in a car crash. He was raised by his uncle Casimir Stivic, an ex-Marine lieutenant turned florist, who calls him "Mickey" with great affection. He also has an uncle Alex.

text: When All in the Family begins, Michael is married to Gloria and shares a bedroom with her in the home of her parents, whom he addresses as "Ma" and "Archie" (or "Arch"), while focusing his efforts on earning a college degree in sociology.[1] His first meeting with Archie (seen in a flashback) shows him as a bearded hippie with a tie-dyed shirt. His wardrobe throughout most of the series is much more subdued: most often he wears a denim shirt, jeans, and boots. He shaves his beard for his wedding with Gloria, but keeps his mustache afterwards (on rare occasions later in the series, however, he would go for a clean-shaven look) and wears his hair well below the collar. (As Reiner was losing his hair very rapidly early on in the series, he began wearing a toupee when playing the character.) In season 2, episode 5, "Flashback: Mike Meets Archie" (mentioned above), which first aired October 16, 1971, Mike and Gloria celebrate their first wedding anniversary. A 1972 episode centers on Mike and Gloria's second wedding anniversary, while in the 1978 episode The Stivics Go West it is revealed that Mike and Gloria are coming upon the ninth anniversary.

text: Exacerbating the conflicts between college student Michael and his conservative father-in-law Archie Bunker, is the fact that in the early years of the television series, these two characters live under the same roof. This proximity means that the tensions between these seemingly diametrically opposed people result in endless arguments over the simplest of topics, even the proper order in which to put on socks and shoes. Along with other issues, such as Michael's frequent decision to sit in Archie's coveted chair and huge appetite for food purchased by Archie's working-class income, their huge ideological differences greatly contributed to the conflict between the two characters.[2] Michael is a determined agnostic-though he would at times identify himself as an atheist in order to rile up Archie, who assumed he was in complete disbelief of God-,[3] in contrast to his mother-in-law's quiet Christian church attendance and his non-practicing but nonetheless staunchly Christian father-in-law. He also is a dedicated humanitarian who wishes to help change the world:[2] originally, Michael wanted to become a social worker, but his career aspirations shifted towards teaching as the series progressed.[2] When the neighboring Jefferson family moves out of the neighborhood, the family patriarch George allows Michael to rent his old house so Michael and Gloria can have a home of their own. George, however, is still the house's legal owner. Although being next door still results in frequent visits, the tension between Michael and Archie eases as they now live under different roofs.

text: Despite his frequent conflicts with his father-in-law, Mike enjoys a warm relationship with his mother-in-law, Edith, whom he calls "Ma". Edith frequently intervenes to try to defuse tensions between her husband and son-in-law, though she also occasionally takes Mike to task for initiating unnecessary arguments with Archie, and, in 1973 episode "Games Bunkers Play", offers insight to Mike into Archie's attitude toward him, suggesting that Archie had to drop out of high school to help support his family during the Depression, and that he resents the fact that Mike had the chance to attend college and advance his education.

text: Michael is presented as a representative of the counterculture of the 1960s (reflecting current events during the period in which the show was broadcast). There is no suggestion, however of the drug use or "free love" of that subculture and Michael is a dedicated academic. It is revealed in the season eight episode Gloria and Mike Meet that in 1969, Michael's dedication to humanitarianism was galvanized in order to weaken support for newly elected President Richard Nixon and that he was probably a member of the SDS's newly formed Worker Student Alliance that sought to encourage university students to find ways to fix problems within the working class.

text: Though supportive of human rights, Michael would at times display male chauvinism as well; examples showed when he did not want his appendix removed by a female doctor and was a sore loser when playing a board game called Group Therapy with his family and neighbors. Though he differed with Archie over the potential successes women and racial minorities could achieve, Michael also believed that neither could socially evolve without good education from people like him; such an example showed when he falsely characterized a blue-collar handyman's African American assistant as a minstrel show stereotype who donned the same "happy-go-lucky" attire as his boss in the season 3 episode Everybody Tells the Truth (Archie's version is just as stereotyped—the assistant is a member of the Black Power movement and his boss is a mafia thug). He was also determined to ensure that Gloria shared his beliefs.[2]

text: Although taken by surprise, Michael is excited to learn that Gloria is pregnant in 1971, though the pregnancy ends in a miscarriage. Gloria becomes pregnant again in 1975 and their baby Joseph "Joey" Stivic is born in December of that year.

text: During early episodes, Michael's best friend is Lionel Jefferson. In the first season, Lionel surprises Michael by announcing that he and his family are moving into the house next door to the Bunkers. However, the characters rarely see or refer to each other after the Jeffersons leave All in the Family to join the spin-off The Jeffersons, George Jefferson, however, would later make a guest appearance at his old residence when the Stivics start preparing for their move to California and meet with him to give notice that they will no longer be staying in his house. Another of Michael's close friends, Al Bender (played by Billy Crystal), marries Gloria's best friend Trudy Tannen in a 1976 episode.

text: Mike accepts a faculty position at UCSB and he and Gloria move to Santa Barbara, California, at the end of the 1977–78 season (at which time Reiner and Struthers ceased to be regulars on the show). They appear in a Christmas episode during the 1978–79 season, in which Archie and Edith (and Edith's niece Stephanie) visit Michael and Gloria, exposing the fact that the couple have secretly separated due to troubles in their marriage, including an infidelity Gloria had with one of his college faculty colleagues. Though they seemingly resolve their differences during this episode, a Thanksgiving visit by Mike and Gloria to the Bunkers' house during the 1979-80 season of Archie Bunker's Place shows that the Stivics' marriage is still troubled, exacerbated by Michael having lost his job after he and Gloria participated in a nude protest of a proposed nuclear power plant and got arrested. This is the last appearance of the character.

text: Michael Stivic does not appear in the 1982 spin-off series Gloria, which starred Sally Struthers. Initially, Reiner had been asked to participate in the series, resurrecting his Michael Stivic character, but he declined. It is explained (on the show) that Michael had left his wife and young son Joey (then played by Christian Jacobs) to live in a California commune with one of his students (which suggests he had found a new teaching job) -- whom Gloria described as "the homecoming queen, a girl named Muffy" -- and was in the process of going through a bitter divorce. At the beginning of the series (September 1982), it has been 63 days since Michael walked out on Gloria; Michael calls to invite Gloria to the commune, but things deteriorate quickly when he claims Gloria is incapable holding a job, or of supporting herself and Joey. By the end of the series (spring 1983), the divorce is final.

text: "Meathead"[edit]

text: Archie routinely refers to Michael by the derogatory nickname "Meathead", from the first time they meet, as seen in flashback in the second season episode "Mike Meets Archie". In Archie's own words, it means "dead from the neck up". Rob Reiner has said that "I could win the Nobel Prize and they'd write 'Meathead wins the Nobel Prize'."[4]

text: A later episode of All in the Family reveals that Archie Bunker himself was referred to as "Meathead" in his youth.

text: Norman Lear said his father used to call him "Meathead".[5]


document_title: The Secret of Crickley Hall (TV series)

question_text: the secret of crickley hall how many episodes

root

text: The Secret of Crickley Hall (TV series)

text: Cast[edit]

text: Present day characters[edit]

text:
Actor
Character
Character Role
Episode

Suranne Jones
Eve Caleigh
Mother
1–3

Tom Ellis
Gabe Caleigh
Father, structural engineer
1–3

Maisie Williams
Loren Caleigh
Teenage daughter
1–3

Elliot Kerley
Cameron ("Cam") Caleigh
Missing son, aged five
1–3

Pixie Davies
Cally Caleigh
Youngest daughter
1–3

David Warner
Elderly Percy Judd
Former groundskeeper of Crickley Hall
1–3

Nick Sidi
The Reverend Andrew
Parish priest
1–2

Paul Clayton
Publican
The landlord of the Barnaby Inn
1

Velile Tshabalala
Teacher
Schoolteacher at Loren’s school
1

Shannon Beer
Pupil
Responsible for bullying Loren at school
1–2

Susan Lynch
Lili Peel
Psychic medium
2–3

Donald Sumpter
Gordon Pyke
Parapsychologist
2–3

Annie Kelly
Elderly Magda
Surviving sister of Augustus
3

Ian Burfield
DI Michael
Policeman
3

Emma Hind
Unknown
Nurse
3

tag: table

text: 1943 characters[edit]

text:
Actor
Character
Character Role
Episode

Douglas Henshall
Augustus Cribben
Owner of Crickley Hall
1–3

Sarah Smart
Magda Cribben
Sister of Augustus Cribben
1–3

Olivia Cooke
Nancy Linnet
Teacher to the orphans
1–3

Iain De Caestecker
Percy Judd
Groundskeeper of Crickley Hall
1–3

Bill Milner
Maurice Stafford
Eldest orphan
1–3

Kian Parsiani
Stefan Rosenbaum
Jewish German orphan
1–3

Fern Deacon
Susan Trainer
Orphan
1–3

Craig Parkinson
The Reverend Horace
Parish priest
2–3

Julia Ford
Irene Judd
Percy's mother
2–3

John Sackville
Doctor David Wilcox
London hospital doctor who talks to Nancy
2

Theresa Churcher
Nurse
London hospital nurse who talks to Nancy
2

text: Episodes[edit]

text: The Secret of Crickley Hall was first shown on 28 October 2012 in the United States as a three-hour event on BBC America.[3] In the United Kingdom BBC One began airing weekly episodes on 18 November 2012.

tag: p

text:
No.
Title
Directed by
Written by
UK air date
UK viewers
(million)

1
"Episode 1"
Joe Ahearne
Joe Ahearne
18 November 2012 (2012-11-18)
6.65 [4]

2
"Episode 2"
Joe Ahearne
Joe Ahearne
25 November 2012 (2012-11-25)
6.64 [4]

3
"Episode 3"
Joe Ahearne
Joe Ahearne
2 December 2012 (2012-12-02)
7.13 [4]

text: Episode 1[edit]

text: Eve Caleigh wakes from a dream. She goes to her son Cam who has also had a bad dream. Eve prepares for work while her husband Gabe gets the children up and ready for the day. Eve leaves with Cam. When she collects Cam from day-care, it is revealed that she and Cam have a special relationship. On the way home Cam asks if they can go to the play area. While he is playing on the slide, she sits down on a bench and looks over her notes. Eve falls asleep and starts to dream...

text: Eve wakes up and realises that Cam is nowhere to be seen and the play area is empty. She cannot find him despite her frantic search. Gabe arrives while the police search the area. Eve admits she fell asleep and Gabe comforts her. Their daughters, Loren and Cally Caleigh, are told the horrifying news. Cally asks, "Why can't you hear him, Mummy?" Eve breaks down. When Eve returns to the playground with the police she joins a distraught Gabe who tells her that Cam "has gone." Eleven months later, Eve is walking home and sees a lost cat poster stuck over a missing Cam poster. She rips it off, screams in anger, and breaks down in the street. Gabe privately asks Loren how she would feel about moving as he wants to take Eve from their home during the anniversary of Cam's disappearance. He has a short contract in the north of England. She gives her support to the move. Eve has another dream of mixed scenes relating to Crickley Hall. As the Caleigh family drive through the village of Devil's Cleave and arrive at Crickley Hall, a sense of mystery and déjà vu comes over Eve. Their dog, Clyde, will not leave the car. Eve is drawn to look up at the attic room window. Clyde is also staring at it. When the two girls return from the attic room, Loren says to Eve that it is the only place she can get a mobile signal. In the dining room Eve asks Gabe if the house has a land-line telephone because she wants the police to be able to get hold of them should anyone come forward with information as it is the anniversary.

text: Eve and Gabe explore the cellar and discover a deep well, while Loren and Cally are washing-up in the kitchen. They are startled by a man peering in through the window. Cally runs to the top of the basement steps and calls Eve who runs up to investigate. He is now sitting in the kitchen with Loren and he reveals that he is Percy Judd and he once worked at this house. Clyde is barking outside and Eve asks whether dogs are allowed. Percy replies in the negative but he will keep quiet about the dog as long as the children stay out of the cellar.

text: Percy is seen looking at the front door remembering this moment, then walks away. It is night time and a rattling noise is coming from the cupboard that Stefan hid in during the opening scene. Gabe goes to investigate and burns his hand on a hot pipe. The rest of the family get up to join him. After returning to bed, Loren hears a noise from the attic room. On investigation, they find the old toys from the orphans in a wardrobe and the dismantled beds from the children's room.

text: Eve wakes up and on going downstairs sees puddles on the floor and closes the cellar door. She is met by Gabe in the entrance hall who says that Clyde is upset. Eve says she feels close to Cam in the house. They return to bed but as they do, the cellar door opens on its own. The next day, the family go to the village pub for lunch. The landlord reveals the legend behind the village named Devil's Cleave. Back at the house, Clyde is attacked by something which comes out of the well. The family go to the village church where Gabe notices that many died in the village in 1943.

text: Gabe sees Percy tending to the graves in the church yard.

text: At the church, the Caleigh family are greeted by the Reverend Andrew, who tells them about the flash flood that struck the village in 1943. He tells Gabe not to trust Percy. Later, he tells Percy, "Let go of the orphans and Crickley Hall!"

text: The Caleighs return home and Clyde is missing.

text: Gabe and Loren search for Clyde, not knowing that Percy has him locked away.

text: Cally is in her bedroom and hears a noise in the hallway. She goes to open a door and Augustus canes her hand. Eve does not believe her when no marks are visible.

text: Loren is at school and a bully taunts her about her missing brother and that it was her mother's fault, Loren punches the girl on the nose. Eve repairs a spinning top after it fell out of the wardrobe in the attic the previous night. As she lets it spin, she can hear Cam's voice and they have an emotional conversation in which he says the ghosts know where he is, but he is not dead. Cally calls her and she runs into the entrance hall where Cally shows Eve that the ghosts of children are playing and can be seen running up the stairs. Eve follows them up to the attic room but as she reaches for the door handle, Augustus hits her hand with the cane, leaving a visual cane mark on her hand. She opens the door to an empty room. Cally says, "He doesn't like the children." A confused Eve asks, "Who?" Calley replies, "Can't you smell him?"

text: Gabe and Loren agree not to tell Eve about the bullying episode. Eve and Cally greet them at the front door and Cally tells them about the ghosts. Gabe is told that Eve heard Cam's voice, but Gabe doesn’t believe her, while Calley and Loren play in the bathroom. When the family are all in bed, Augustus goes into Loren's room and beats her with the cane. Her parents run in and turn on the light to a distressed Loren. All but Eve vote to leave the house. Eve tells the children that the ghosts know where Cam is and so they must stay. As Eve sleeps, Augustus says, "She's mine."[5]

text: Episode 2[edit]

text: Eve discovers that Crickley Hall was an orphanage back in 1943 and seeks out the help of psychic, Lilli Peel in the hopes that she will help Eve find out where Cam is.

text: Back in 1943, it is revealed that Maurice and Magda are having a secret affair and upon being discovered by Nancy (who was searching for Augustus Cribben's punishment book) Maurice kills Nancy and throws her body down the well after desperate encouragement from Magda. In present day, Maurice, now under the alias of Gordon Pyke, visits Crickley Hall where the past comes back to haunt him.

text: Episode 3[edit]

text: Eve becomes desperate for answers when Lilli claims the ghost of Augustus told her that Cam was dead and this is later revealed to be sadly true. In 1943, the secret of Crickley Hall is revealed when Augustus gases all the orphans to death, except Stefan who escapes and accidentally kills Augustus. In present day, Gordon/Maurice tries to kill Loren in the hope that Augustus will stop haunting him if he has one more child

text: Filming locations[edit]

text: At the very beginning of the film the house used was in Oxford Road, Altrincham. The village of Downham, Lancashire, was used for the village of Devils Cleave where the real village pub, The Assheton Arms, acted as the Barnaby Inn and the Devils Cleave church scenes were filmed at Downham St Leonard church. Crickley Hall itself was filmed at Bowden Hall, Chapel-en-le-Frith, Derbyshire.[6][7] The war scenes are filmed on Huskisson Street, Falkner Street and Falkner Square around the Georgian Quarter in Liverpool.[8]


document_title: Google Chrome version history

question_text: what is the latest version of chrome for linux

text: Google Chrome version history

text: The following table summarizes the release history for the Google Chrome web browser.

text:
Discontinued

Stable channel

Beta channel

Dev channel

Canary channel

text:
Major version
Release date
Layout engine[r 1]
V8 engine[r 2]
Significant changes

0.2.149
2008-09-02
WebKit 522
0.3

First release[r 3]

0.3.154
2008-10-29

Improved plugin performance and reliability
Spell checking for input fields
Improved web proxy performance and reliability
Tab and window management updates

0.4.154
2008-11-24
WebKit 525

Bookmark manager with import and export support
Privacy section added to the application options
New blocked popup notification

1.0.154
2008-12-11
WebKit 528

First stable release

2.0.172
2009-05-24
WebKit 530
0.4

35% faster JavaScript on the SunSpider benchmark
Mouse wheel support
Full-screen mode
Full-page zoom
Form auto-fill
Sort bookmarks by title
Tab docking to browser and desktop edges
Basic Greasemonkey support[r 4]

3.0.195
2009-10-12
WebKit 532
1.2

New "new tab" page for improved customization
25% faster JavaScript
HTML5 video and audio tag support
Lightweight theming

4.0.249
2010-01-25
WebKit 532.5
1.3

Extensions
Bookmark synchronization
Enhanced developer tools
Improved HTML5 support
Performance improvements
Full ACID3 pass
HTTP byte range support
Experimental new anti-reflected-XSS feature called "XSS Auditor"[r 5]

4.1.249
2010-03-17

Translate infobar[clarification needed]
New privacy features
Disabled XSS Auditor[r 6]

5.0.375
2010-05-21
WebKit 533
2.1

Browser preference synchronizing
Increased HTML5 support (Geolocation API, App Cache, web sockets, and file drag-and-drop)
Revamped bookmark manager
Adobe Flash Player integrated[r 7][r 8]
First stable releases for macOS, 32 bit Linux, and 64 bit Linux[r 9]

6.0.472
2010-09-02
WebKit 534.3
2.2

Updated and more streamlined UI with simplified Omnibox
New tab page
Merged menu buttons
Form auto-fill
Expanded synchronization support to include extensions and auto-fill data
Support for WebM videos
Built-in PDF support (disabled by default)[r 10]

7.0.517
2010-10-21
WebKit 534.7
2.3.11

Implemented HTML5 parsing algorithm
File API
Directory upload via input tag
macOS version gained AppleScript support for UI automation[r 11]
Late binding enabled for SSL sockets: high priority SSL requests are now always sent to the server first.
New options for managing cookies
Updated New Tab page to enable featuring of web applications

8.0.552
2010-12-02
WebKit 534.10
2.4.9

Chrome Web Store
Built-in PDF viewer that works inside Chrome's sandbox for increased security
Expanded synchronization support to include web applications
Improved plug-in handling[r 12]
This release added "about:flags" to showcase experimental features such as Chrome Instant, side tabs on Windows, tabbed settings, Click to Play,[clarification needed] background web applications, Remoting,[clarification needed] disables outdated plug-ins,[clarification needed] XSS Auditor,[clarification needed] Cloud Print Proxy,[clarification needed] GPU-accelerated compositing, WebGL support for the canvas element, and a "tab overview" mode (like Exposé) for macOS.

9.0.597
2011-02-03
WebKit 534.13
2.5.9

WebGL enabled by default
Adobe Flash sandboxing on Windows and Chrome Instant (a la Google Instant) option[r 13]
WebP support[r 14]
New flags: print preview, GPU-accelerated compositing, GPU-accelerated Canvas 2D, Google Native Client, CRX-less Web Apps, Web page prerendering, experimental Extension APIs, disable hyperlink auditing

10.0.648
2011-03-08
WebKit 534.16
3.0.12

Google Cloud Print sign-in interface enabled by default
Partially implemented sandboxing of the GPU process[r 15][r 16]
Faster JavaScript performance due to incorporation of Crankshaft, an improved compiler for V8[r 17]
Settings pages that open in a tab, rather than a dialog box
Malware reporting and disabling outdated plugins
Password sync
GPU accelerated video
Background WebApps
webNavigation extension API[r 18]

11.0.696
2011-04-27
WebKit 534.24
3.1.8

HTML5 Speech Input API[r 19]
Updated icon[r 20]

12.0.742
2011-06-07
WebKit 534.30
3.2.10

Hardware accelerated 3D CSS
New Safe Browsing protection against downloading malicious files
Ability to delete Flash cookies from inside Chrome[r 21]
Launch Apps by name from the Omnibox
Integrated Sync into new settings pages
Improved screen reader support
New warning when hitting Command-Q on Mac[r 21]
New flags: P2P API
Existing tab on foreground on open
Experimental new tab page
Add grouping to tab context menu
Run PPAPI Flash in the renderer process
Multiple profiles
Removed Google Gears
Print and Save buttons in the PDF viewer[r 22]

13.0.782
2011-08-02
WebKit 535.1
3.3.10

Instant Pages (pre-rendering of Web pages)[r 23]
Native print interface and preview (Linux and Windows only)
Experimental new tab page
Experimental Restrict Instant To Search option

14.0.835
2011-09-16
3.4.14

Native Client (NaCl) enabled for apps in the Chrome Web Store[r 24]
Web Audio API
Additional macOS Lion feature support
Sync Encryption for all data
Print preview on Mac
Validation of HTTPS sites[r 25]
Experimental Web Request extension API
Experimental Content Settings extension API[r 26]

15.0.874
2011-10-25
WebKit 535.2
3.5.10

Faster print preview[r 27]
Redesigned new tab page on by default[r 27]
JavaScript fullscreen API enabled by default[r 27]
Inline installation of Chrome Web Store items by verified sites
Omnibox History synchronization[r 28]
Switched to FFmpeg native VP8 decoder[r 29]
Extensions integrated into settings pages
GPU Accelerated Canvas 2D disabled

16.0.912
2011-12-13
WebKit 535.7
3.6.6

Multiple profiles on by default[r 28]
Optional permissions in Chrome extensions, so the user can opt-in or opt-out of the optional permissions at installation time[r 30]
Experimental support for side tabs was removed.[r 31]

17.0.963
2012-02-08
WebKit 535.11
3.7.12

Updated Omnibox prerendering of pages[r 32]
Download scanning protection[r 32]
New extensions APIs[r 32]
Improved History tab
Removal of "+" symbol from the "new tab" button
Limited support for changing user agent strings
Adjustable margins in print preview[r 33]
Search engine synchronization[r 34]
Disabled GAIA profile info[r 35]

18.0.1025
2012-03-28
2012-06-27 (Android ARM)
2012-09-26
(18.0.1026, Android x86)
WebKit 535.19
3.8.9

Hardware-accelerated Canvas2D graphics[r 36]
WebGL without the need of 3D graphics hardware through the software rasterizer SwiftShader[r 36]
Brighter "new tab" button[r 37]

19.0.1084
2012-05-15
2012-06-28 (iOS)
WebKit 536.5
3.9.24

Access tabs between devices[r 38]
Reorganized and searchable settings interface
Better spell check by using the Google search engine spell checker
Web Store link to the bottom of New Tab page
Experimental JavaScript Harmony (ECMAScript 6) support[r 39]
Experimental Web Intents API[r 40]

20.0.1132
2012-06-26
WebKit 536.10
3.10.6

Experimental touch friendly user interface adjustments. Context menus have extra vertical padding between items.[r 41]
New tab button is bigger and wider

21.0.1180
2012-07-31
2012-08-22 (iOS)
WebKit 537.1
3.11.10

Media Stream API (getUserMedia) enabled by default. (E.g. webcam access via JavaScript.)[r 42]
Gamepad API prototype available by default.
Support for (pointer) and (hover) CSS media queries so sites can optimize their user interface for touch when touch-screen support is available.
HTML5 audio/video and WebAudio now support 24-bit PCM wave files

22.0.1229
2012-09-25
WebKit 537.4
3.12.19

New-style packaged apps are enabled by default.
New menu icon, replacing the wrench icon
Support for TLS 1.1[r 43][r 44]
Support for color management ICC v2 profiles by default[r 45]

23.0.1271
2012-11-06
2012-11-28 (iOS)
WebKit 537.11
3.13.7

Do Not Track preference[r 46]
Hardware video acceleration with 25% more efficient power consumption in some scenarios
Manager for site permission control
New icon for Chrome Web Store when opening new tab
PPAPI Flash Player (or Pepper-based Flash Player) replaced the NPAPI Flash Player on Mac also[r 47]

24.0.1312
2013-01-10
WebKit 537.17
3.14.5

Support for MathML[r 48]
The HTML5 datalist element now supports suggesting a date and time[r 48]
Experimental support for CSS custom filters[r 48][r 49]

25.0.1364
2013-02-21
2013-02-27 (Android)
2013-03-04 (iOS)
WebKit 537.22
3.15.11

Support for Opus audio
Support for VP9 video[r 50]
Silent installs of external extensions are now disabled by default.[r 51]
Web Speech API[r 52]
Encrypted omnibox search (https)[r 53]
Native Client on ARM
Disabled MathML support for the time being[r 54]

Android version (update from 18):

Newer V8 JavaScript engine
Audio now continues to play while Chrome is in the background
Support for pausing audio in Chrome when phone is in use

26.0.1410
2013-03-26
2013-04-03 (Android)
2013-04-09 (iOS)
WebKit 537.31
3.16.14

Improved spell checker (grammar and homonym checking)[r 55]
Desktop shortcuts for multiple users (profiles) on Windows[r 55]
Asynchronous DNS resolver on Mac and Linux[r 55]

Android version:[r 56]

Autofill and password sync
Performance and stability improvements

27.0.1453
2013-05-21
2013-05-22 (Android)
2013-06-03 (iOS)
WebKit 537.36
3.17.6

Resource handling optimized for faster page loads[r 57]
Improved Omnibox predictions and spelling correction[r 57]
syncFileSystem API for Google Drive data synchronization[r 57]
Stop packaging Manifest version 1.0 extensions[r 58]

Android version:[r 59]

Fullscreen on phones (scrolling down the page makes the toolbar disappear)
Simpler searching (the query stays visible in the omnibox, making it easier to edit)
Client-side certificate support
Tab history on tablets
"A ton of stability and performance fixes"

28.0.1500
2013-06-17 (Linux)
2013-07-09
(macOS and Windows)
2013-07-10 (Android)
2013-07-17 (iOS)
Blink 537.36
WebKit 537.36 (on iOS)
3.18.5

Replaced layout engine with Blink, a fork of WebKit[r 60][r 61][r 62] on all platforms besides iOS
Faster page loads with the new Blink threaded HTML parser[r 63]
Rich Notifications and Notification Center (HTML-based notifications deprecated)[r 64]
Major improvements to the asm.js benchmark performances[r 63]
Support for the CSS :unresolved pseudoclass for Custom Elements[r 63]
Support for the CSS @supports conditional blocks to test for property:value pairs[r 63]

Android version:

Fullscreen API support (fullscreen browsing on tablets)[r 63]
Experimental WebGL, Web Audio, WebRTC support behind flags[r 63]
Built-in translation[r 65]

iOS version:

Improved interoperability with many other Google Apps[r 66]
Voice Search enhancements[r 66]
Fullscreen for iPad[r 66]
Data usage savings (rolling out over time)[r 66]
Access to browser history[r 66]

29.0.1547
2013-08-20
(Linux, macOS and Windows)
2013-08-21 (Android)
2013-09-12 (iOS)
Blink 537.36
3.19.18

Support for VP9 final
Support for TLS 1.2
Preliminary QUIC support[r 67]
Improved Omnibox suggestions based on the recency of visited sites
Ability to reset user profile back to its original state
New apps and extensions APIs (such as Native Messaging API for connecting Chrome with native applications installed on the same computer - an alternative to NPAPI[r 68])

Android version:

WebRTC support[r 69]
WebAudio support[r 69]
Improved scrolling responsiveness[r 70] and visual indication when scrolling to the top or bottom of a page[r 69]
Startup performance and stability improvements[r 70]
New color picker user interface for web forms[r 69]
Support for Google's experimental data compression service (comparable to Opera Turbo) that lets Google servers quickly read and optimize a Web page for mobile devices, then transmit it to the smartphone using Google's SPDY network technology.
Rudimentary tab groups implemented

iOS version:

Get back to Search Results faster
Data cost savings enhancements (rolled out incrementally)
Voice search pronoun support (e.g. queries like: “Who is the president of the United States?” followed by “Who is his wife?”)
Improvements to Single Sign On with other Google Apps[r 71]
Support for WebP image format[r 72]

30.0.1599
2013-09-18 (iOS)
2013-10-01
(Linux, macOS and Windows)
2013-10-02 (Android)
Blink 537.36
3.20.17

New image context menu item: "Search Google for this image"
New Chrome Apps APIs: webview.request, media gallery write support and downloads[r 73]
New platform features (both in desktop and mobile): support for the WebRTC Device Enumeration API, allowing users to change their microphones and/or camera on the fly without having to restart the WebRTC call; DevTools now supports CSS source maps; Chrome will now match the behavior of IE and not honor the Refresh header or tags when the URL to be refreshed to has a javascript: scheme;[r 73]

Android version:

New gesture: swipe horizontally across the top toolbar to quickly switch tabs
New gesture: drag vertically down from the toolbar to enter into the tab switcher view
New gesture: drag down from the menu to open the menu and select wanted item without having to lift finger
WebGL is enabled by default on high-end devices[r 73]
DeviceMotion (device acceleration and rotation rates) events[r 73]
Media Source Extension is enabled on Android 4.1+[r 73]
Two new experimental features behind a flag: Web Speech API (recognition) and the Vibration API[r 73]

iOS version:

New look and feature enhancements for iOS7
Improvements to Fullscreen behavior especially on iPad (iOS7 only)
New Settings UI
Maps and email links launch the Google Maps and Gmail apps (if installed) automatically. You can change your preference in Settings
Stability / security improvements and bug fixes[r 74]

31.0.1650
2013-11-12
(Linux, macOS and Windows)
2013-11-14 (Android)
2013-11-20 (iOS)
Blink 537.36
3.21.18

Payment requestAutocomplete() on Chrome for Android, Windows, Chrome OS
PNaCl on desktop versions of Chrome
New Chrome Apps APIs: With URL handlers for apps, Chrome App developers can now specify URLs to be handled by a Chrome App. For example, a document link on a website could open a document editor Chrome App. This gives users more seamless entry points into their favorite Chrome Apps.
Directory access for Apps allows Chrome Apps to access and write to user-approved folders. This feature can be used to share files between a Chrome App and a native app. For example, a Chrome App code editor could modify files managed by a native Git client.
SCTP for WebRTC Data Channel allows P2P data transfers between browsers to be either best effort, reliable, or semi reliable, opening up use cases such as gaming.
Alpha channel support for WebM video enables transparency masking (a.k.a. green screen effects) in WebM videos.
Speech recognition with the JavaScript Web Speech API is now supported on Chrome for Android.
window.devicePixelRatio now takes full-page zoom (but not pinch zoom) into account
Support for { alpha: false } in getContext('2d') lets you create an opaque canvas. This is similar to existing WebGL functionality and can improve the rendering performance of your app.
The Media Source API has been unprefixed and is now supported on Chrome for Android. It allows JavaScript to generate media streams for playback, addressing use cases like adaptive streaming and time shifting live streams.
2D canvas now supports the "ellipse" method.
Support for several Mutation Events has been removed. Consider using MutationObserver instead.[r 75]

iOS version:

Fast form completion with Autofill
Long press on an image to search for related images
Stability / security improvements and bug fixes[r 74]

32.0.1700
2014-01-14
(Linux, macOS and Windows)
2014-01-15 (Android)
2014-01-27 (iOS)
Blink 537.36
3.22.24

Tab indicators for sound, webcam and casting
A different look for Win8 Metro mode
Automatically blocking malware files
A number of new apps/extension APIs
Various under-the-hood changes for stability and performance

Android version:

Add web page shortcuts right to your home screen more easily from the menu
Reduce data usage in Chrome up to 50%. Visit Settings > Bandwidth management > Reduce data usage to enable.[r 76]

iOS version:

Translate

When you come across a page written in a language that you don’t understand, just look for the translation bar. One tap and the page is quickly translated for you.

Reduce Data Usage

Reduce your data usage by up to 50%. Enable this feature and view your savings: Settings > Bandwidth > Reduce Data Usage.

New Tab Page update to make searching faster and easier

This feature is being rolled out and will be available to all users over time, beginning on iPhone.

33.0.1750
2014-02-18 (iOS)
2014-02-20
(Linux, macOS and Windows)
2014-02-26 (Android)
Blink 537.36
3.23.17

Custom Elements[r 77]
Ogg Opus in MSE and <video>[r 77]
Page Visibility API[r 77]
VTTCue [r 77]
Web Speech API (synthesis)[r 77]
Font-kerning[r 77]
requestAutocomplete()[r 77]
Speech Synthesis[r 77]

Android version:

Download progress notification for file downloads using the Chrome network stack[r 78]
Updated help and feedback UI[r 78]
Support for <datalist> tag[r 78]

iOS version:

Stability and security updates[r 74]

34.0.1847
2014-04-02 (Android)
2014-04-08
(Linux, macOS and Windows)
2014-04-29 (iOS)
Blink 537.36
3.24.35

Responsive Images and Unprefixed Web Audio
Import supervised users onto new computers
A different look for Windows 8 Metro mode
A number of new apps/extension APIs
New scroll bar look
Ignores autocomplete="off" on password input fields

Android version:

Battery usage optimizations

iOS version:

Updated tour when you start Chrome for the first time
Support for autocomplete in the omnibox for right to left languages

35.0.1916
2014-05-20 (Android)
2014-05-20
(Linux, macOS and Windows)
2014-05-28 (iOS)
Blink 537.36
3.25.28

More developer control over touch input
New JavaScript features
Unprefixed Shadow DOM v0
A number of new apps/extension APIs
Opus updated to version v1.1

Android version:

Undo Tab Close
Fullscreen video with Subtitles and HTML5 controls
Support for some multi-window devices

iOS version:

Added right-to-left support to the omnibox for Arabic and Hebrew
See your search term in the omnibox, instead of the long search query URL
Easily refine your search queries and view more results on the search results page
Stability improvements and bug fixes[r 74]

Linux version:

Switched graphics interface backend from GTK+ to Aura

36.0.1985
2014-07-15 (iOS)
2014-07-16
(Linux, macOS and Windows)
2014-07-16 (Android)
Blink 537.36
3.26.31

Rich Notifications Improvements
An Updated Incognito / Guest NTP design
The addition of a Browser crash recovery bubble
Multiple stability and performance improvements[r 79]

Android version:

Improved text rendering on non-mobile optimized sites
Doodles return to the new tab page[r 80]

iOS version:

Allows mobile sites that have added Cast support to work with your Cast-enabled device
Stability improvements and bug fixes[r 81]

Linux version:

Chrome App Launcher[r 79]

37.0.2062
2014-08-26
(Linux, macOS and Windows)
2014-09-03 (Android)
2014-09-22 (iOS)[citation needed]
Blink 537.36
3.27.34

DirectWrite support on Windows for improved font rendering
A number of new apps/extension APIs
Multiple stability and performance improvements[r 82]
Removal of the showModalDialog API, breaking several enterprise web apps[r 83]

Android version:

Signing into Chrome signs you into your favorite Google sites
Updated look and feel with elements of Material Design
Multiple performance improvements and bug fixes[r 84]

Windows version:

64-bit Windows support[r 85]

38.0.2125
2014-10-07
(Linux, macOS and Windows)
2014-10-07 (iOS)
2014-10-08 (Android)
Blink 537.36
3.28.71

A number of new apps/extension APIs
Support for logging into sites using FIDO U2F Security Key (a USB or smartcard security token) as a factor in 2-factor authentication[r 86]
Under-the-hood changes for stability and performance[r 87]

Android version:

Support for Battery Status and Screen orientation APIs
Additional Material Design updates
Bug fixes and performance improvements[r 88]

iOS version:

Better support for iPhone 6 and 6+
Download and open files in Google Drive
Stability improvements and bug fixes
Security fix[r 89]

39.0.2171
2014-11-12 (Android)
2014-11-18
(Linux, macOS and Windows)
2014-11-24 (iOS)[citation needed]
Blink 537.36
3.29.88

Removes SSL/TLS protocol version fallback to SSLv3
64-bit support for Mac
A number of new apps/extension APIs
Under-the-hood changes for stability and performance[r 90]

Android version:

Number of bug fixes and performance improvements[r 91]
Experimental Reader Mode[r 92] can be enabled via chrome://flags[permanent dead link], is not available for tablets in this version

40.0.2214
2015-01-20 (iOS)
2015-01-21
(Linux, macOS and Windows)
2015-01-21 (Android)
Blink 537.36
3.30.33

Disabled SSLv3 support by default
The minimum SSL/TLS version can now be set through about:flags
Updated info dialog for Chrome app on Windows and Linux
A new clock behind/ahead error message[r 93]

Android version:

Updated page info and content settings UI
Number of bug fixes and performance improvements[r 94]

iOS version:

New look with Material Design bringing bold graphics, fluid motion, and tactile surfaces
iOS 8 optimizations and support for bigger phones
Support handoff from Chrome to your default browser on macOS
Stability improvements and bug fixes[r 95]

41.0.2272
2015-03-03
(Linux, macOS and Windows)
2015-03-11 (Android)
2015-03-16 (iOS)
Blink 537.36
4.1.0

A number of new apps/extension APIs
Lots of under the hood changes for stability and performance[r 96]
Aero interface is disabled in Windows Vista

Android version:

The ability to pull to reload at the top of most pages
A number of bug fixes and performance improvements[r 97]

42.0.2311
2015-04-14
(Linux, macOS and Windows)
2015-04-15 (Android)
2015-04-16 (iOS)
Blink 537.36
4.2.77

Support for NPAPI plugins disabled by default
A number of new apps, extension and Web Platform APIs (including the Push API)
Lots of under the hood changes for stability and performance[r 98]
Add Bookmark is now redesigned.

Android version:

Getting the latest updates from sites with notifications
Adding your favorite sites to your homescreen is now even easier
Bug fixes and speedy performance improvements[r 99]

43.0.2357
2015-05-19
(Linux, macOS and Windows)
2015-05-27 (Android)
2015-06-01 (iOS)
Blink 537.36
4.3.61

Numerous bug fixes and security fixes[r 100]

Android version:

Faster Checkout – Quickly and securely complete checkout forms with data from Google Wallet
Touch to Search – Learn more about words and phrases by touching them on your screen
Bug fixes and speedy performance improvements[r 101]
No longer supports Android 4.0 (Ice Cream Sandwich)[r 102][r 103]

44.0.2403
2015-07-21
(Linux, macOS and Windows)
2015-07-22 (iOS)
2015-07-29 (Android)
Blink 537.36
4.4.63

A number of new apps/extension APIs
Change in the loading page circle on Chrome tabs
Lots of under the hood changes for stability and performance[r 104]

Android version:

Fixed a boatload of bugs and performance issues.[r 105]

iOS version:

Swipe to navigate: swipe right or left to navigate backwards and forwards
Support for accessing Physical Web content from the Today view
Stability improvements and bug fixes[r 106]

45.0.2454
2015-09-01
(Linux, macOS and Windows)
2015-09-01 (Android)
2015-09-02 (iOS)
Blink 537.36
4.5.103

Support for NPAPI plugins permanently disabled
A number of fixes and improvements[r 107]

Android version:

A number of fixes for a whole bunch of performance/stability/other issues.[r 108]

46.0.2490
2015-10-13
(Linux, macOS and Windows)
2015-10-14 (Android)
2015-10-22 (iOS)
Blink 537.36
4.6.85

Change in taskbar logo design
A number of fixes and improvements.[r 109]

Android version:

Under the hood performance and stability tweaks.[r 110]

47.0.2526
2015-12-01 (iOS)
2015-12-01
(Linux, macOS and Windows)
2015-12-02 (Android)
Blink 537.36
4.7.80

Change in appearance on closing tabs with red x's
New PDF viewer design
Security fixes[r 111]

Android version:

"More than a barge load of performance and stability fixes".[r 112]

iOS version:

Added support for more keyboard shortcuts. Bluetooth keyboards can open, close or change tabs or conduct a voice search.
Support for 3D touch on iPhone 6s/+. Force touch the Chrome icon to quickly open a new tab, a new incognito* tab, or conduct a voice search.[citation needed]

48.0.2564
2016-01-20
(Linux, macOS and Windows)
2016-01-27 (iOS)
2016-01-27 (Android)
Blink 537.36
4.8.271

"Tab discarding" was enabled by default in chrome://flags[permanent dead link]
Window change in right-clicking an embedded web link
The key icon in "Save your password" turns black
"Clear browsing history" has been improved
A large number of fixes and improvements[r 113]

Android version:

Bug fixes and speedy performance improvements.

iOS version:

This version uses WKWebView, the latest rendering engine from Apple.
The crash rate was reduced by 70% and JavaScript execution is now faster.
Redesigned icons on the New Tab page: easier access to more of your frequently-visited sites.
Spotlight integration: Drag down or right from the Home screen and search for your Chrome bookmarks.[citation needed]

49.0.2623
2016-03-02
(Linux, macOS and Windows)
2016-03-09 (iOS)
2016-03-09 (Android)
Blink 537.36
4.9.385

Extension icons now appear near search tab.
Changes in bookmark bar appearances.
Change in Incognito mode window.
Change in scrollbar movement.
Changed Downloads page appearance/design.
A large number of fixes and improvements[r 114]
Removed Windows 8 Mode (Metro mode)
Last version available for Windows XP and Vista, and Mac OS 10.6-10.8.

Android version:

"More than a barge full of performance and stability fixes."[r 115]

iOS version:

Bookmarks has a new look: Easily find your favorites!
Bug and stability fixes.

50.0.2661
2016-04-13
(Linux, macOS and Windows)
2016-04-20 (iOS)
2016-04-26 (Android)
Blink 537.36
5.0.71

Auto-fill form letters are now highlighted in bold.
A number of fixes and improvements.[r 116]
No longer supports Windows XP and Vista.

Android version:

Bug fixes and speedy performance improvements.

iOS version:

Bug and stability fixes.

51.0.2704
2016-05-25
(Linux, macOS and Windows)
2016-06-01 (iOS)
2016-06-01 (Android)
Blink 537.36
5.1.281

A number of fixes and improvements.[r 117]

Android version:

Brought tab switching back into Chrome (Android L+)[r 118]
Bug fixes and speedy performance improvements.

iOS version:

Bug and stability fixes.

52.0.2743
2016-07-20
(Linux, macOS and Windows)
2016-07-27 (iOS)
2016-07-27 (Android)
Blink 537.36
5.2.361

It is impossible to disable DirectWrite.
Bar on the bottom now shows darker text when hovering your mouse over the link.
"A number of fixes and improvements."[r 119]

Android version:

Bug fixes and speedy performance improvements[r 120]

iOS version:

Accelerated Mobile Pages ("AMP") – news and articles from many of your favorite publishers will now load instantly.
Lightning bolt and "AMP" next to articles in the "Top Stories" section of search results indicate faster web page loading.

53.0.2785
2016-08-31
(Linux, macOS and Windows)
2016-09-07 (iOS)
2016-09-07 (Android)
Blink 537.36
5.3.332

New browser's inside look, including a new bookmark
"A number of fixes and improvements."[r 121]
'Simplify page' option removed from 'Save as PDF'.
Shadow DOM v1[1]

Android version:

Bug fixes and speedy performance improvements[r 122]
Muted autoplay for video[r 123]

iOS version:

Chrome's History has a new look and it's now easier to review, find, and delete your browsing history.
Voice Search has been updated with a fresh look. Voice Search can now answer contextual questions such as "How tall is the Eiffel Tower?" followed by "When was it built?"

54.0.2840
2016-10-12
(Linux, macOS and Windows)
2016-10-19 (iOS)
2016-10-19 (Android)
Blink 537.36
5.4.500

"Other bookmarks" tab has changed appearance
The message "Right-click to play Adobe Flash Player" now appears while pages with Adobe Flash Player are loading.
"A number of fixes and improvements."[r 124]

Android version:

Bug fixes and speedy performance improvements
View article suggestions for you on the new tab page
Play media in the background for sites that support it
Update saved passwords when you change or reset your password[r 125]

iOS version:

No internet connection? Smile and tap the dinosaur
Fixed bookmark icons not displaying correctly
Fixed phone number detection issues in web pages
Stability improvements and bug fixes

55.0.2883
2016-12-01
(Linux, macOS and Windows)
2016-12-05 (iOS)
2016-12-06 (Android)
Blink 537.36
5.5.372

The History page has changed and is no longer in "Settings"
Flash Player is now off by default for most sites
"A number of fixes and improvements."[r 126]
It is not possible to disable top level Material Design[r 127]

iOS version:

You can swipe down or right from the iOS Home screen to search. Searching for "voice" or "incognito" enables you to start Chrome in Voice Search mode or in a new Incognito Tab, respectively. The appearance of items in Spotlight Search will only work for devices that support Spotlight Actions.
The folder named "All Bookmarks" has been removed from the Bookmarks view. You can access all your other devices’ Bookmarks by clicking on the other folders.

Android version:

Bug fixes and speedy performance improvements
Easily download music, videos, and even full web pages for viewing offline
View and share your downloads within Chrome
See misspelled words highlighted in text fields
Improvements to contextual search UI[r 128]

56.0.2924
2017-01-25
(Linux, macOS and Windows)
2017-02-01 (iOS)
2017-02-01 (Android)
Blink 537.36
5.6.326

HTML5 enabled by default
Adobe Flash Player is automatically blocked for most sites that require the plugin
Labeling of unsecured HTTP sites
"A number of fixes and improvements."[r 129]

iOS version:

Scan a QR code or barcode by using 3D Touch on the app logo or searching for "QR" in Spotlight.
We've redesigned the tab switcher layout on iPad to make it easier to access your open sites.

Android version:

Easily download music, videos, and even full web pages for viewing offline
View and share your downloads within Chrome
See misspelled words highlighted in text fields
Improvements to contextual search UI
Bug fixes and significant memory savings[r 130]

57.0.2987
2017-03-09
(Linux, macOS and Windows)
2017-03-14 (iOS)
2017-03-16 (Android)
Blink 537.36
5.7.492

CSS grid layout
Improved "Add to Home" screen
Media Session API
"A number of fixes and improvements."[r 131]
WebAssembly[r 132]
Background tab policy changes[2]

iOS version:

Chrome can add pages to your Reading List.
Find in Page now works correctly in iOS 10.3.

Android version:

Quickly use emails, addresses, and phone numbers in web pages by tapping on them
Easily access downloaded files and web pages from the new tab page
Long press article suggestions on the new tab page to download them
Bug fixes and performance improvements[r 133]

58.0.3029
2017-04-19
(Linux, macOS and Windows)
2017-04-20 (Android)
2017-04-25 (iOS)
Blink 537.36
5.8.283

"A number of fixes and improvements."[r 134]
IndexedDB 2.0
Workers and SharedWorkers in data-URLs.

Android version:

Useful actions like “Find in page” available in apps that open web pages using Chrome
More frequently updated article suggestions on the New Tab page
Use recently visited search engines as your default search engine
See Physical Web suggestions, based on your surroundings, in the address bar
Bug fixes and performance improvements[r 135]

iOS version:

Stability improvements and bug fixes.

59.0.3071
2017-06-05
(Linux, macOS and Windows)
2017-06-06 (iOS)
2017-06-06 (Android)
Blink 537.36
5.9.211

"A number of fixes and improvements."[r 136]
Revamped Settings and "About Google Chrome" page with Material Design
Headless mode in Linux and macOS.[r 137]

iOS version:

Fixed a user-reported issue that resulted in hangs and significant slowdowns when switching tabs.
Fixed a crash involving dialogs presented while switching tabs.
Stability improvements and bug fixes.

Android version:

View and manage in-progress downloads on the Downloads page
View and clear your browsing data more easily on the redesigned History page
Long-press a link to open it in a new Chrome tab (from Chrome Custom Tabs)
Bug fixes and performance improvements[r 138]

60.0.3112
2017-07-25
(Linux, macOS and Windows)
2017-07-25 (iOS)
2017-07-31 (Android)
Blink 537.36
6.0.286

MacBook Pro Touch Bar support.
"A number of fixes and improvements."[r 139]

iOS version:

"Request Mobile Site" button can switch from a website's desktop version back to its mobile version

Android version:

Load pages faster and use less memory with an updated JavaScript engine
Bug fixes and performance improvements
Clear browsing data more easily[r 140]

61.0.3163
2017-09-05
(Linux, macOS and Windows)
2017-09-05 (iOS)
2017-09-05 (Android)
Blink 537.36
6.1.534

Native support for JavaScript modules
"A number of fixes and improvements."[r 141]

iOS version:

Added a new button for scanning QR codes above the virtual keyboard

Android version:

Addition of Web Share API
Bug fixes and performance improvements
Translate pages with a more compact and intuitive toolbar
Pick images to post online with an improved image picker[r 142]

62.0.3202
2017-10-17
(Linux, macOS and Windows)
2017-10-18 (iOS)
2017-10-19 (Android)
Blink 537.36
6.2.414

The "Save Your Password" icon gets a new appearance
"A number of fixes and improvements."[r 143]
Support for OpenType variable fonts
Network Information API updated to report users actual Internet speed, not just connection type, to websites
HTTP sites that request user data will now be flagged as "non-secure" (red) in the Chrome Omnibox[r 144]

iOS version:

Two new Today widgets are added by tapping the Edit button at the bottom of the iOS Search screen
Ability to drag a URL from another app and drop it into Chrome's omnibox or the tab strip, or from Chrome's content area to another app on iOS 11 iPads
The Payment Request API has been introduced

Android version:

Download files faster with accelerated downloads
View and copy passwords saved with Chrome if device lock is enabled
Quickly see your data savings in the Chrome menu when Data Saver is on[r 145]

63.0.3239
2017-12-05 (iOS)
2017-12-05 (Android)
2017-12-06
(Linux, macOS and Windows)
Blink 537.36
6.3.292

Various fixes from internal audits, fuzzing and other initiatives
"A number of fixes and improvements."[r 146]
Browser allows you to import JavaScript modules dynamically
With async generator functions and the async iteration protocol, consumption or implementation of streaming data sources becomes streamlined
You can override the browser's default overflow scroll behavior with the CSS overscroll-behavior property[r 147]

iOS version:

Swipe up on the New Tab Page to explore suggested content from the web
The ability to reorder bookmarks is back!

Android version:

Chrome for Android will make permission requests modal dialogs
"Stability and performance improvements."[r 148]

64.0.3282
2018-01-23 (Android)
2018-01-24 (iOS)
2018-01-24
(Linux, macOS and Windows)
Blink 537.36
6.4.388

"A number of fixes and improvements."[r 149]
Support for ResizeObservers, will notify you when an element’s content rectangle has changed its size.
Modules can now access to host specific metadata with import.meta.
The pop-up blocker gets stronger.
window.alert() no longer changes tab focus.
Chrome now supports named captures in regular expressions.
The default preload value for <audio> and <video> elements is now metadata.
You can now use Request.prototype.cache to view the cache mode of a Request and determine whether a request is a reload request.
Using the Focus Management API, you can now focus an element without scrolling to it with the preventScroll attribute.[r 150]

Android version:

Prevents sites with abusive ad experiences from opening new windows or tabs without your permission.
"Stability and performance improvements."[r 151]

iOS version:

You can now disable Article Suggestions without also disabling omnibox suggestions by going to Chrome Settings
If you previously turned off "Search and Site Suggestions" to disable Article Suggestions and would like to turn back on your Search Suggestions in the omnibox, you can do that from Chrome Settings > Privacy
Support for iPhone X
Now requires iOS 10 or later

65.0.3325
2018-03-06
(Linux, macOS and Windows)
2018-03-06 (iOS)
2018-03-06 (Android)
Blink 537.36
6.5.254

"A number of fixes and improvements."[r 152]
New extension UI
The CSS Paint API allows you to programmatically generate an image
The Server Timing API allows web servers to provide performance timing information via HTTP headers
The new CSS display: contents property can make boxes disappear
Fixed a bug that affected some timestamps
The syntax for specifying HSL and HSLA, and RGB and RGBA coordinates for the color property now match the CSS Color 4 spec
There's a new feature policy that allows you to control synchronous XHRs through an HTTP header or the iframe allow attribute[r 153]

Android version:

Set language preferences for web content in Settings > Languages
Turn on the prompt for simplified view for all supported articles in Settings > Accessibility settings
Share and delete downloads more easily on the Downloads page[r 154]

iOS version:

Fixed a bug that affected some streaming audio players
Stability and performance improvements

66.0.3359
2018-04-17
(Linux, macOS and Windows)
2018-04-17 (iOS)
2018-04-17 (Android)
Blink 537.36
6.6.346

"A number of fixes and improvements."[r 155]
CSS manipulation becomes easier with the new CSS Typed Model Object
Access to the clipboard is now asynchronous
There's a new rendering context for canvas elements
TextArea and Select now support the autocomplete attribute
Setting autocapitalize on a form element will apply to any child form fields, improving compatibility with Safari's implementation of autocapitalize
trimStart() and trimEnd() are now available as the standards-based way of trimming whitespace from strings[r 156]

Android version:

Find your saved passwords more easily – just tap the new Search icon in Settings > Passwords[r 157]

iOS version

Export passwords saved in Chrome and use them in another app
Stability and performance improvements

67.0.3396
2018-04-26
(Linux, macOS and Windows)
Blink 537.36
6.7
Current Beta channel

67.0
2018-03-16
(Linux, macOS and Windows)
Blink 537.36
6.7
Current Dev channel

68.0
2018-04-14
(Windows and macOS)
2018-04-18 (Android)
Blink 537.36
6.8
Current Canary channel

Major version
Release date
Layout engine[r 1]
V8 engine[r 2]
Significant changes

text: Notes[edit]

text:
Release date is the date of first release. All channels have subsequent updates which are not shown. For release update history see Google Chrome Releases.
The first stable release in Windows, macOS and Linux was Google Chrome 5.0.375. The first stable release on Android was Chrome 18.0.1025123 (Chrome for Android).[r 158][r 159][r 160]
Old development and beta builds are not shown after they become stable releases.
As of Chrome 26, Linux installations of the browser may be updated only on systems that support GCC v4.6 and GTK v2.24 or later. Thus systems such as Ubuntu Lucid 10.04 LTS, Debian 6's 2.20, and RHEL 6's 2.18 are now among those marked as deprecated.[r 161]
As of Chrome 59, Linux Chrome defaults to GTK+3. Older versions of Linux, e.g. RHEL 6 or CentOS 6, with only GTK+2 support, are not able to run this version of Chrome. Red Hat's GTK+2 build of Firefox ESR is probably the last remaining regularly updated browser on RHEL 6/CentOS 6.[3]
Versions 6–32 had Google Chrome Frame counterparts, until its development was discontinued.[r 162][not in citation given]
As of version 50, macOS 10.6, 10.7, 10.8, Windows XP and Vista are no longer supported.
Standalone builds can be found on Google's Chromium Browser Continuous build server.

tag: ul


document_title: Blighted ovum

question_text: gestational sac and yolk sac but no baby at 7 weeks

text: Blighted ovum

text:
Anembryonic gestation

Transvaginal ultrasonography showing a gestational sac with a diameter of 28 mm, corresponding to a gestational age of approximately 7 weeks and 5 days. It contains a yolk sac (protruding from its lower part) but no embryo, even after scanning across all planes of the gestational sac, thus being diagnostic of an anembryonic gestation.

Classification and external resources

Specialty
obstetrics

ICD-10
O02.0

ICD-9-CM
631

[edit on Wikidata]

text: A blighted ovum or anembryonic gestation (anembryonic pregnancy) is a pregnancy in which the embryo never develops or develops and is reabsorbed.[1] It typically results in a miscarriage. In a normal pregnancy, an embryo would be visible on an ultrasound by six weeks after the woman's last menstrual period. Anembryonic gestation is one of the causes of miscarriage of a pregnancy.[2][3][4]

text: A blighted ovum or anembryonic gestation is characterized by a normal-appearing gestational sac, but the absence of an embryo. It likely occurs as a result of early embryonic death with continued development of the trophoblast. When small, the sac cannot be distinguished from the early normal pregnancy, as there may be a yolk sac, though a fetal pole is not seen. For diagnosis, the sac must be of sufficient size that the absence of normal embryonic elements is established. The criteria depends on the type of ultrasound exam performed. A pregnancy is anembryonic if a transvaginal ultrasound reveals a sac with a mean gestational sac diameter (MGD) greater than 25 mm and no yolk sac, or an MGD >25 mm with no embryo. Transabdominal imaging without transvaginal scanning may be sufficient for diagnosing early pregnancy failure when an embryo whose crown–rump length is 15 mm or more has no visible cardiac activity.[5]


document_title: List of Academy Award winners and nominees from India

question_text: who is the first indian who got oscar for lifetime achievement

text: Winners and nominees[edit]

text:
List of the Indian Oscar nominee(s)/recipient(s), also showing the year, film, category, and result

Year
Nominee(s)/recipient(s)
Film
Category/Honorary Award
Result/received
Ref.

1958
(30th)
Mehboob Khan
Mother India
Best Foreign Language Film
Nominated[N 1]
[3]

1961
(33rd)
Ismail Merchant
The Creation of Woman
Best Short Subject (Live Action)
Nominated
[5]

1979
(51st)
Vidhu Vinod Chopra and K.K.Kapil
An Encounter with Faces
Best Documentary (Short Subject)
Nominated
[6]

1983
(55th)
Bhanu Athaiya
Gandhi
Best Costume Design
Won
[7]

Ravi Shankar
Best Original Score
Nominated

1987
(59th)
Ismail Merchant
A Room with a View
Best Picture
Nominated
[8]

1989
(61st)
Mira Nair
Salaam Bombay!
Best Foreign Language Film
Nominated
[9]

1992
(64th)
Satyajit Ray
Pather Pachali
Honorary Award[N 2]
Received
[12]

1993
(65th)
Ismail Merchant
Howards End
Best Picture
Nominated
[13]

1994
(66th)
Ismail Merchant
The Remains of the Day
Best Picture
Nominated
[14]

2002
(74th)
Ashutosh Gowarikar
Lagaan
Best Foreign Language Film
Nominated
[15]

2005
(77th)
Ashvin Kumar
Little Terrorist
Best Short Subject (Live Action)
Nominated
[16]

2007
(79th)
Deepa Mehta
Water
Best Foreign Language Film[N 3]
Nominated
[17]

2009
(81st)
Resul Pookutty
Slumdog Millionaire
Best Sound Mixing
Won
[18]

A.R.Rahman
Best Original Score
Won

A.R.Rahman and Gulzar
Best Original Song
Won

2011
(83rd)
A.R.Rahman
127 Hours
Best Original Score
Nominated
[19]

A.R.Rahman
Best Original Song
Nominated

2013
(85th)
Bombay Jayashri
Life of Pi
Best Original Song
Nominated
[20]

2016
Rahul Thakkar
n/a
Sci-Tech Award
Received
[21][22]

2016
Cottalango Leon
n/a
Sci-Tech Award
Received
[23][24]

2018
Vikas Sathaye
n/a
Sci-Tech Award
Received
[25][26]


document_title: Hector (ship)

question_text: when did the ship hector arrived in pictou

text: Hector (ship)

text: History[edit]

text: A full rigged Fluyt, Hector (built in the Netherlands before 1750)[2] was employed in local trade in waters off the British Isles as well as the immigrant trade to North America, having made at least one trip c. 1770 carrying Scottish emigrants to Boston, Massachusetts.

text: In 1762 the earliest of the Fuadaich nan Gàidheal (Scottish Highland Clearances) forced many Gaelic families off their ancestral lands. The first ship loaded with Hebridean colonists arrived on "St.-John's Island" (Prince Edward Island) in 1770, with later ships following in 1772, and 1774.[3] In 1773 a ship named The Hector landed in Pictou, Nova Scotia, with 189 settlers, mostly originating from Lochbroom.[4] In 1784 the last barrier to Scottish settlement – a law restricting land-ownership on Cape Breton Island – was repealed, and soon both PEI and Nova Scotia were predominantly Gaelic-speaking.[5] It is estimated more than 50,000 Gaelic settlers emigrated to Nova Scotia and Cape Breton Island between 1815 and 1870.[3]

text: Her famous voyage took place in 1773 with a departure date around the second week of July, carrying 189 Highlanders who were immigrating to Nova Scotia. The vessel's owner, Mr. John Pagan,[6] along with Dr. John Witherspoon, purchased three shares of land near Pictou, Nova Scotia. Pagan and Witherspoon hired John Ross as a recruiting agent for settlers willing to emigrate to Pictou with an offer of free passage, 1 year of free provisions, and a farm. The settlers (23 families, 25 single men) were recruited at Greenock Renfrewshire and at Lochbroom (Ross-shire) with the majority being from Lochbroom. The settlers that boarded Hector were poor, "obscure, illiterate crofters and artisans from Northern [Scotland], who spoke Gaelic."[7] The school teacher, William McKenzie was one of the few passengers on the Hector to speak both Gaelic and English.[8]

text: Hector was an old ship and in poor condition when she left Europe.[2] The arduous voyage to Pictou took 11 weeks, with a gale off Newfoundland causing a 14-day delay. Dysentery[9] and smallpox claimed 18 lives amongst the passengers.[10] The vessel arrived in Pictou Harbour on September 15, landing at Brown's Point, immediately west of the present-day town of Pictou.

text: The year's free provisions never materialized for the passengers of Hector.[11] They had to hurry to build shelter without those provisions before winter set in and starved them.

text: Replica[edit]

text: During the late 1980s and early 1990s, heritage officials in Nova Scotia sought to commemorate the Hector's contribution to Nova Scotia's Scottish history. In 1992, the Ship Hector Foundation was formed from a group of volunteers in Pictou County and elsewhere who began to raise funds for the construction, maintenance and operation of a replica of Hector.

text: The Hector Heritage Quay, along with the Ship Hector Company Store were opened on the Pictou waterfront in the ensuing years. The marine architect firm J.B. McGuire Marine Associates Ltd. was commissioned to research the particulars of the original Hector and to develop blueprints for an accurate replica. Scotia Trawlers of Lunenburg, Nova Scotia were commissioned to complete phase one and two of the construction at the Hector Heritage Quay, which allowed visitors to the Pictou waterfront to observe the ship's progress, making it an important local attraction. After several years of construction, the replica Hector was launched with great fanfare and media coverage on September 17, 2000. The date had been delayed due to poor weather on the 16th.

text: The Quay, opened May to October, offers a three story interpretive centre, along with blacksmith, carpentry, and rigger shops.

text: Specifications[edit]

text:
Year built: before 1750
Location: Netherlands
Deck length overall: 25.9 m (85 ft)
Beam: 6.7 m (22 ft)
Gross tonnage: 200
Number of masts: 3
Owner: Mr. John Pagan, a merchant in Greenock, Renfrewshire, Scotland

text: Bibliography[edit]

text:
Boudreau, Michael. "A 'Rare and Unusual Treat of Historical Significance': The 1923 Hector Celebration and the Political Economy of the Past." Journal of Canadian Studies 28 (4) (1993): 28-48.
Bumsted, J.M. (1981). Scottish Emigration to the Maritimes, 1770-1815: A New Look at an Old Theme. 10. pp. 65–85.
Campey, Lucille H. "After the Hector" Toronto: Natural Heritage/Natural History Inc., 2004
MacKay, Donald. Scotland Farewell: The People of the Hector. Toronto: Natural Heritage/Natural History Inc., 2001.
Reid, Leonard M. Sons of the Hector. New Glasgow, Nova Scotia: Hector Publishing Co., 1973.