document_title: Zone defense

question_text: when did the nba start playing zone defense

text: Zone defense

text: Basketball[edit]

text: This section does not cite any sources. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (December 2017) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

text: The names given to zone defenses start with the number of players on the front of the zone (farthest from the goal) followed by the numbers of players in the rear zones. For example, in a 2–3 zone two defenders cover areas in the top of the zone (near the top of the key) while three defenders cover areas near the baseline.

text: Match-up zone is a hybrid man-to-man and zone defense in which players apply man-to-man defense to whichever opposing player enters their area. John Chaney, former head coach of Temple University, is the most famous proponent of this defense. Hybrid defenses also include Box-and-one, in which four defenders are in a 2–2 zone and one defender guards a specific player on the offense. A variant of this is triangle-and-two, in which three defenders are in a 2–1 zone and two defenders guard two specific offensive players.

text: Zone defenses are common in international, college, and youth competition. In the National Basketball Association, zone defenses were prohibited until the 2001–2002 season, and most teams do not use them as a primary defensive strategy. The NBA has a defensive three-second violation rule, which makes it more difficult for teams to play zone, since such defenses usually position a player in the middle of the key to stop penetration.[1] The Dallas Mavericks under coach Rick Carlisle are an example of an NBA team that have regularly used zone defenses.

text: History of basketball zone defense[edit]

text: Frank Lindley, Newton, KS High School basketball coach from 1914 to 1945, was among the first to use the zone defense and other innovations in the game and authored numerous books about basketball. He finished his career with a record of 594–118 and guided the Railroaders to ten state titles and seven second-place finishes. Jim Boeheim, coach of the Syracuse Orange men's basketball team, is famous for using a 2-3 zone that is among the best in the NCAA. His zone, which typically features athletic, disruptive, and aggressive defenders, has become a prototype for use on other teams including the United States men's national basketball team, where he has spent time as an assistant coach.

text: Advantages[edit]

text: Some of the reasons for using a zone defense are:

text:
The opposing team has a player or players too quick (in the case of guards) or too big (in the case of forwards or centers) for a man-to-man defense to be effective.
Many zones pack defenders in the lane but allow the offensive team to take long-range shots. If the opponents are poor long-range shooters, a zone can be very effective.
Unless trapping is involved, zone defenses typically don't involve aggressive pressure on the ball handler and allow the offensive team to easily pass the ball around the perimeter. This can allow the offense to use more time before a shot is attempted, an advantage for teams wanting to slow the tempo of a game.
A poor defensive player can often be "hidden" in a zone because teammates can more easily help if he or she is beaten.
A zone can help players in danger of fouling out by taking pressure off them.
Playing a zone is less tiring and thus can help teams suffering from fatigue.
To prevent easy scores when the ball is in-bounded under the basket.
Against teams with inexperienced guards, trapping zones can disrupt the offense and force turnover.

tag: ul

text: Disadvantages[edit]

text: Playing a zone entails some risks.

text:
Zones tend to be weak on the perimeter, so they are not very effective against teams with good outside shooters.
Zones have gaps (areas that are not well-covered by defenders) that can be exploited by teams that pass well or have guards capable of penetrating the zone.
If a team is behind in the game, playing a zone can be a poor strategy because zones usually allow the offense to take more time off the clock on each possession, which limits the time remaining for the losing team to reduce the lead. It also reduces the chances of stealing the ball from the attackers and attempting a quick counterstrike across open field. This is not always true; there are pressure zone defenses that can often cause quicker shots by the opponent or result in turnovers.
When a shot is attempted, it is often harder for players in a zone to find counterparts to box out for the rebound, which sometimes results in an offensive player getting an easy offensive rebound.
Zone defenses require a commitment to scheming and practicing zone, both from coaches and players. While most players are familiar with playing zone defense, they are sometimes not expert in the nuances of the zone, such as spacing, which require familiarity and experience. When man-to-man teams switch to the zone defense, it is sometimes seen as a gimmick that is easily exploited by disciplined teams.

text: Attacking a zone defense[edit]

text: While strategies for countering zone defenses vary and often depend on the strengths and weaknesses of both the offensive and defensive teams, there are some general principles that are typically used by offensive teams when facing a zone.

text:
Many popular zones (such as the 2–3, 3-2 and 1–2–2) have a gap in the middle of the lane. Getting the ball in this area can be very effective because the defense is often forced to "collapse" on the ball handler, freeing up other players for open shots. To exploit this gap, many teams assign a forward to operate in the "high post" area near the free throw line to catch and distribute the ball. A forward in the high post area can also set screens on the players at the top of the zone to allow penetration by the guards.
Quick passing is an important element of attacking any zone. The defense will shift as the ball moves, but if the offense can move the ball faster than the defense can react, open shots can result. Quick passing against a zone often leads to open three-point shots, and zone defenses are less effective against teams with good three-point shooters.
Dribble penetration is very effective in breaking down a zone. If a guard can dribble into the gaps in the zone, multiple defenders must converge on the ball. The ball handler can then often pass to an open teammate for a shot. This strategy illustrates why preventing dribble penetration is important in playing an effective zone defense.
Passing the ball to the interior of the zone can have similar effects as dribble penetration: as the defense collapses, a quick kick-out to the perimeter can result in either an open shot or continued quick passing, as the defense is now imbalanced.
Short Corner: Attacking the "Short Corner", or baseline area behind the defense outside the lane, against a 2-3 zone puts the defense in rotation and opens up the mid post.
Screening the backside of the zone: this opens up weakside shooters off a skip pass or ball rotation.

text: American football[edit]

text: Zone defense in American football refers to a type of "pass coverage". See American football defensive strategy and zone blocking.

text: Australian rules football[edit]

text: The zone defence tactic, borrowed from basketball, was introduced into Australian football in the late 1980s by Robert Walls and revolutionized the game. It was used most effectively by Essendon Football Club coach Kevin Sheedy.

text: The tactic is used from the fullback kick in after a behind is scored. The side in opposition to the player kicking in places their forward players, including their full-forward and centre half forward, in evenly spaced zones in the back 50-metre arc. This makes it easier for them to block leading players and forces the kick in to be more precise, in effect increasing the margin for error which can cause a turnover and another shot at goal. As a result, the best ways to break the zone are for the full-back to bomb it long (over 50 meters), often requiring a low percentage torpedo punt, or to play a short chipping game out of defence and then to switch play as opposition players break the zone. The latter has negated the effectiveness of the tactic since the 1990s.

text: Another kick-in technique is the huddle, often used before the zone, which involves all of the players from the opposition team to the player is kicking in huddling together and then breaking in different directions. The kicker typically aims in whichever direction that the designated target (typically the ruckman) runs in.

text: Ice hockey[edit]

text: In ice hockey, players defend zones in the neutral zone trap and left wing lock.

text: Netball[edit]

text: Netball is a sport similar to basketball with similar strategies and tactics employed, although with seven players per team. Zone defense is one of the main defensive strategies employed by teams, along with one-on-one defense. Common variants include center-court block, box-and-two zone, diamond-and-two zone, box-out zone and split-circle zone.[2]

text: Ultimate[edit]

text: Ultimate allows for a number of zone defence tactics, usually employed in poor (such as windy, rainy or snowy) conditions, to discourage long passes and slow the progress of the opposition's movement.


document_title: International rankings of India

question_text: what is the rank of india in economic growth

root

text: International rankings of India

text: Demographics[edit]

text:
List
INDIA Ranking/Total Countries
Source
Notes

Population
2/ 221
CIA World Factbook[1]
Estimated Population(July 2017) 1,281,935,911

Population Density
33 / 246
Economist Intelligence Unit
2017 - 403 people per km2

Fertility rate
103 / 210
Population Reference Bureau
2016 - 2.3

Net migration (rate)
85 / 194
World Bank
2012 - 2.06 per thousand

Net migrants
2 / 194
World Bank
2012 - 2,598,218 emigrated

Health

Life expectancy
125 / 183
World Health Organization
2015 - 68.3 years

Infant Mortality
175 / 223
CIA
2016 est - 40.5 per 1000

Ethnic and cultural diversity
88 / 215
Alesina et al[2]
2003

Epidemiology of diabetes mellitus
2 / 194
World Health Organization
2016 (69.2 of 422 million diagnosed adult diabetics, live in India)

Cigarette consumption
7 / 185
tobaccoatlas.org
2014[3]

Cigarette consumption per capita
159 / 185
tobaccoatlas.org
2014

Alcohol consumption per capita
119 / 191
World Health Organization
2014

Global Hunger Index
100 / 119
International Food Policy Research Institute
2015

Suicide rate
41 / 106
World Health Organization

Health Expenditure per capita (PPP)
140 / 190
World Health Organization
2014 - $267 (inflation-adjusted 2011 dollars)

Height

Average Height - male
90 / 101
averageheight.co
2016 - 1.647m

Average Height - female
45 / 103
averageheight.co
2016 - 1.612m

Education

Literacy rate
168 / 234
UNESCO Institute for Statistics
2015 - 72.1%

Education Index
145 / 191
United Nations
2013

Programme for International Student Assessment
72 to 74 / 74
OECD
2009

Languages

Linguistic diversity index
14 / 232
SIL International
2017

Official languages
2 / 41

22 Official languages

English-speaking population
2 / 133
Census of India
10.35% (125,226,449) English speakers out of 1,210,000,000 eligible population

tag: table

text: Society[edit]

text:
List
INDIA Ranking/Total Countries
Source
Notes

Happiness

World Happiness Report
133 / 155
United Nations
2018 report[4]

Happy Planet Index
50 / 140
New Economics Foundation
2016 - Score 29.2[5]

Aggregate metrics

Human Development Index
131 / 188
United Nations
2016 report - score 0.624

Inequality-adjusted HDI
97 / 151
UNDP
2016 report - score 0.454

Social Progress Index
93 / 128
Social Progress Imperative
2017 - score 58.39

Where-to-be-born Index
66 / 80
Economist Intelligence Unit
2013 - score 5.67

Legatum Prosperity Index
104 / 149
Legatum
2016[6]

Global Youth Development Index
134 / 183
Global Youth Development Index
2016

List of countries by homeless population
8 / 52
Business Standard
2011 - 1,770,000 homeless

Urbanization by country
161 / 199
CIA The World Factbook
2015 est

Estimated number of guns per capita by country
107 / 175
Small Arms Survey
2007 - 4.2 guns per 100 residents

Gender

Global Gender Gap Report
108 / 144
World Economic Forum
2017[7]

Gender Inequality Index
125 / 188
UNDP
2015 - value: 0.530 - female Labour force participation rate: 26.8%[8]

State of the World's Mothers report
73 / 77
Save the Children
2010[9][10]

Crime

Intentional homicides
2 / 219
United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime
2015 - 41,623 Intentional homicides

Global Slavery Index
4 / 167
Walk Free Foundation
2016 - 18,354,700 living in modern slavery[11]

text: Economy[edit]

text:
List
INDIA Ranking/Total Countries
Source
Notes

Product

GDP growth rate
12 / 225
CIA The World Factbook[12]
2016 - estimated 6.8% growth rate

Nominal GDP
7 / 181
International Monetary Fund
2017 - 2.45 trillion

GDP (PPP)
3 / 181
International Monetary Fund
2017 - $9.49 trllion

Per capita GDP
122 / 183
International Monetary Fund
2015

tax revenue to GDP ratio
109 / 180
The Heritage Foundation
2015 - 17.7% of GDP

Trade

Imports
10 / 222
CIA The World Factbook
2016 est - $402,400,000,000

Exports
17 / 222
CIA The World Factbook
2016 est - $271.600,000,000 - 13% GDP

Received FDI
21 / 132
CIA The World Factbook
2016 est - $318,500,000,000 est.

Wealth

Number of Billionaires
4 / 71
Forbes
2017

Gold reserve
10 / 18
World Gold Council
2017 June - 557.8 tonnes

Public debt
82 / 189
CIA The World Factbook
2016 est - 52.3% GDP NET / 41.11% GDP Gross

Foreign-Exchange reserves
8 / 193

2017 Sept

Income

Minimum wages
124 / 156

2017 - $743/yr (Bihar)

GNI nominal
9 / 15
World Bank
2016 - value $2,027,964,000,000

GNI PPP
3 / 15
World Bank
2016 - value $8,594,226,000,000 international dollars

GNI (PPP) per capita
124 / 179
World Bank
2015 - $6,030 international dollars

Employment

Unemployment rate
103 / 217
CIA The World Factbook[13]
2016 - 8% unemployment

Employment rate
42 / 47
OECD
2012 - 53.3% of 15-64 year olds in employment

Business environment

Globalization Index
107 / 184
ETHZ KOF Index of Globalization [1]
2017

World Competitiveness Yearbook scoreboard
45 / 63
IMD International [2]
2017

Global Resilience Index
60 / 130
FM Global
2017[14] [3]

Index of Economic Freedom
123 / 178
The Wall Street Journal [4]
2016

Quality-of-life index
43 / 56
Economist Intelligence Unit [5]
2017

Ease of doing business index
100 / 190
World Bank Group
2017

Global Competitiveness Index
40 / 137
World Economic Forum [6]
2017-2018

Index of Economic Freedom
128 / 178
The Heritage Foundation and The Wall Street Journal
2016

Economic Freedom of the World
95 / 157
Fraser Institute
2015 - score 6.63

Financial Development Index
51 / 183
IMF
2016

Technology

IT industry competitiveness index
18 / 66
BSA Global Index [7]
2016

ICT Development Index
134 / 176
International Telecommunication Union
2017[15]

Global Innovation Index
60 / 130
Global Innovation Index
2017

Space Competitiveness Index
6 / 15
Futron Corporation,
2013

Networked Readiness Index
91 / 139
World Economic Forum
2016 - Score 3.8[16]

Transport

Passengers carried in rail transport
2 / 86
International Union of Railways
2016[17][18] - 8.224 billion passengers

Longest Railway platforms
1 / 5
The Times of India

rail transport network size
3 / 149
International Union of Railways
2015 - 68,525 km

Traffic-related deaths
2 / 180
WHO
2013 - 238,562 deaths

Vehicles per capita
84 / 163

2015 - 0.167 per capita, 55,725,543 total

Industry

Electricity production
3 / 209
BP
2016 - 1,400,800

Steel production
3 / 38
World Steel Association
2016 - 95.6 million metric tons

text: Communications[edit]

text: Following rankings involving technological advances in communication are taken from the CIA World Factbook.[19]

tag: p

text:
List
World rank
Source
Demographics (est.)

Telephone Lines in Use
12 / 218
CIA The World Factbook
2014 - 27 million est. (2017 Aug - 23.77 million[20])

Mobile Phones in Use
1 / 222

908,358,714 million lines (74.71% density) for 1.2 billion population as of August 2012

Broadband Internet subscriptions
10 / 196
ITU
2014 - 18.23 million (2017 Aug - 18.11 million[20])

Internet hosts
16 / 233

6,738,000 hosts

Number of Internet Users
2 / 16
ITU estimate
2017 - 383,285,000

Internet users (pct of population)
127 / 191
ITU estimate
2015 - 26%

4G LTE penetration
15 / 75
OpenSignal
2017 - 81.56%

Internet connection speeds
89 / 149
Akamai Technologies
2017 Q1 - Average 6.5Mbit/s[21]

Television broadcast stations
4 / 233

2016 - 857 licenced stations

text: Sport[edit]

text:
List
INDIA Ranking/Total Countries
Source
Notes

Cricket - men's
1 / 10
International Cricket Council
2017 Nov

Cricket - women's
3 / 10
International Cricket Council
2017 Oct

Kabaddi - men's
1/12
IKF
2017

Field Hockey - men's
6 / 91
International Hockey Federation
2017

Field Hockey - women's
10 / 74
International Hockey Federation
2017

Football - men's
97 / 206
FIFA
april 2018

Football - women's
56 / 177
FIFA
2017

Rugby Union - men's
77 / 103
World Rugby
2017

Chess - men's
5 / 173
FIDE
2017[22]

Chess - women's
7 / 142
FIDE
2017[22]

Olympic Gold Medals
48= / 151
IOC
2016 - 9 Golds from 33 Games (24 - Summer, 9 - Winter)

Olympic Medals
60= / 151
IOC
2016 - 28 medals from 33 Games (24 - Summer, 9 - Winter)

Paralympic Gold Medals
64= / 122
IOC
2016 - 4 Golds from 11 Games (11 - Summer, 0 - Winter)

Paralympic Medals
71 / 122
IOC
2016 - 12 medals from 11 Games (11 - Summer, 0 - Winter)

text: Entertainment[edit]

text:
List
INDIA Ranking/Total Countries
Source
Notes

Film productions
1 / 15
UNESCO
2015

Cinema box office
4 / 15
MPAA
2016 - $1.9bn

Cinema admissions
1 / 10
European Audiovisual Observatory
2013 - 9,164,000,000

text: Politics[edit]

text:
List
INDIA Ranking/Total Countries
Source
Notes

Corruption Perceptions Index
81 / 180
Transparency International
2016[23]

Press Freedom Index
136 / 180
Reporters Without Borders
2017[24]

Soft power
24 / 25
Monocle
2016-17[25]

Rule of Law Index
66 / 113
World Justice Project
2016

Democracy Index
42 / 167
Economist Intelligence Unit
2017 - score 7.23 - Flawed democracy

Democracy Ranking
65 / 112
democracyranking.org
2014-2015

Corporate Governance
20 / 38
GMI Ratings
2010

E-Government
107 / 192
UN
2016 - score 0.4638[26]

text: Military[edit]

text:
List
INDIA Ranking/Total Countries
Source
Notes

Military expenditure
5 / 186
Stockholm International Peace Research Institute
2016 - $55.9bn or 2.5% of GDP[27]

Military Strength
5 / 20
Credit Suisse
2015

Active troops
2 / 171
International Institute for Strategic Studies
1,395,100 active troops (1.1 active troops per 1000 capita)

Total troops
4 / 171
International Institute for Strategic Studies
4,941,600 total troops (3.9 troops per 1000 capita)

Composite Index of National Capability
3 / 193
National power
2003 - score 0.073444

Overseas Bases
5 / 10

4 overseas bases

text: Awards[edit]

text:
List
INDIA Ranking/Total Countries
Source
Notes

Academy Award nominations - Foreign Language Film
33 / 125
Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences
3 nominations, from 50 submissions

Nobel laureates
24= / 76
Nobel Prize
3 Indian Citizens, at the time they were made a Nobel laureate: Mother Teresa (Peace), Amartya Sen (Economics), Kailash Satyarthi (Peace), two British Indian subjects: Rabindranath Tagore (Literature), and C. V. Raman (Physics), along with two Indian born British subjects: Rudyard Kipling (Literature), Ronald Ross (Medicine), have received the honour.

Turing Award
6= / 13
Association for Computing Machinery
Indian-American Raj Reddy, became first person of Asian origin to receive the ACM Turing Award, in 1994, for his work in the field of Artificial Intelligence.

text: Environment[edit]

text:
List
INDIA Ranking/Total Countries
Source
Notes

Carbon dioxide emissions by country
8 / 214
United Nations Statistics Division
2010

Carbon dioxide emissions per capita
145 / 214
United Nations Statistics Division
2009

Climate Change Performance Index
31 / 61

2015

Environmental Performance Index
141 / 180
Yale Center for Environmental Law & Policy
2016

Environment Democracy Index
20 / 70
World Resources Institute
[28]

Air Quality - average PM 2.5 concentration
84 / 92
WHO[29]
2014 - 60.6 µg/m3[30]

Freshwater withdrawal
1 / 170
CIA World Factbook
2008 - 645.84 km³/year

Irrigated land area
2 / 221
CIA World Factbook
2012 - 667,000 km²

text: Geography[edit]

text:
width

Total Area
7/233
All Over India 32,87,364 km2
(1,222,559 sq mile) including land and water

Length of coastline
18/196
7,000 km coastline with 2.00 coast/area ratio (m/km sq). According to the Indian naval hydrographic charts, the mainland coastline consists of the following: 43% sandy beaches; 11% rocky shores, including cliffs; and 46% mudflats or marshy shores.

text: Agriculture, Fisheries and Live Stock[edit]

text:
Field
Rank
Date

Apple Production, output of 2,203,000 tons
5
2013

Bananas Production, output of 29,800,000 metric tons
1
2013

Bean Production, output of 4,870,000 tons
1
2010

Buffalo, milk output of 56,960,000 tons
1
2008

Black Pepper, 19% of world output
2
2008

Cauliflowers and Broccoli Production, output of 5,014,500 tons
2
2008

Cardamom Production, output of 15 thousand metric tons
2
2012

Cashew Apple Production, output of 613,000 metric tons
2
2010

Chicken Population, output of 648,830,000
5
2004

Chickpea Production, output of 5,970,000 tons
1
2008

Coconut Production, output of 10,824,100
3
2010

Coffee Production, output of 300,300,000 kg
6
2011

Cotton Production, output of 27.0 million bales
2
2011

Cow Numbers, 281,700,000 cows
1
2009

Fish Production, output of 6,318,887 tons (capture 3,481,136 & aquaculture 2,837,751)
3
2005

Garlic Production, output of 833,970 tons
2
2010

Ginger Production, output of 380,100 tons
1
2008

Goat Numbers, 125,700,000 goats
2
2008

Goat Milk Production, output of 4,000,000 metric tons
1
2008

Goat Meat Production, output of 480,000 metric tons
2
2008

Jute Production, output of 17,43,000 tons
1
2008

Lemon & Lime Production, output of 2,060,000 tons
1
2007

Lentil Production, 950,000 tons
2
2009

Mango Production, output of 16,340,000 tons
1
2011

Millet Production, output of 8,810,000 tons
1
2009

Milk Production, output of 110,040,000 metric tons (cow milk 50.3 million metric tons)
2
2018

Onion Production, output of 13,372,100 metric tons
2
2010

Orange Production, output of 5,000,000 tons
3
2010

Peanut Production, output of 6.25 metric tons
2
2009

Pineapple Production, output of 1,341,000 tons
7
2010

Potato Production, output of 36,600,000 metric tons
2
2010

Rice Production, output of 120,600,000 metric tons
1
2015-16

Saffron Production, output of 2,300 kg
3
2005

Sheep Stock, output of 65,000,000
3
2008

Silk Production, output of 77,000,000 kg
2
2005

Sorghum Production, output of 7,900,000 metric tons
3
2008

Soybean Production, output of 9.8 metric tons
5
2010

Sugarcane Production, output of 285,029,000 tons
2
2009

Sweet Potato Production, output of 1,100,000 tons
7
2009

Tea Production, output of 991,180 metric tons
2
2010

Tomato Production, output of 11,979,700 tons
3
2010

Wheat Production, output of 80.7 million metric tons
2
2010

text: Cities[edit]

text: UN World's Largest Morphological Cities ranking(physically contiguous urban area) ranks

text:
City
Rank

bangalore
1

text: List of cities with the most high-rise buildings above 35 meters has following Indian cities: Mumbai 12th with 2480 buildings, Chennai 35th with 689 buildings, Kolkata 40th with 594 buildings, Pune 47th with 510 buildings, Bangalore 53rd with 460 buildings.

text:
City
Rank
Buildings

Mumbai
14
1614

Chennai
35
689

Kolkata
40
594

Pune
47
510

text: List of cities with most skyscrapers above meters ranks Mumbai behind Dubai.

text:
City
Rank
Buildings

Mumbai
1
2

text:
Globalization and World Cities Study Group and Network (GaWC), Loughborough University listed Mumbai, New Delhi & Bangalore as emerging world city[31]
List of most polluted cities by particulate matter concentration

text: Religion[edit]

text:
List
INDIA Ranking
Source
Notes

Hindu
1st
2011 Census of India[32]
2011 - 966,257,353 (India: 79.80%, World: )

Muslim
3rd
2011 Census of India
2011 - 172,245,158 (India: 14.23%, World: 9.57%) [33]

Christian
22nd
2011 Census of India
2011 - 27,819,588 (India: 2.30%, World: 1.16%)

Sikh
1st
2011 Census of India
2011 - 20,833,116 (India: 1.72%, World: 90.02%)

Buddhist
9th
2011 Census of India
2011 - 8,442,972 (India: 0.70%, World: 63%)

Jain
1st
2011 Census of India
2011 - 4,451,753 (India: 0.37%, World: 64%)[34]

Zoroastrian
1st
2011 Census of India
2001 - 69,000 (India: 0.006%, World: 50%)

Bahá'í Faith
-
2011 Census of India
2011 - 4,572 (India: 0.0%, World: 0.0%)


document_title: Gimme Gimme Gimme (TV series)

question_text: when did gimme gimme gimme start

question_tokens: when did gim me gim me gim me start

text: Gimme Gimme Gimme (TV series)

text: Premise[edit]

text: Gimme Gimme Gimme centres around loudmouthed Londoner Linda La Hughes (played by comedian and director Kathy Burke) and her gay flatmate, actor Tom Farrell (played by James Dreyfus). A modern twist on the traditional "odd couple" format, much of Gimme Gimme Gimme's humour springs from its lubricious innuendo subplot, which comes from the mouths of both Tom and Linda.

text: Linda is characterised by her red perm, white glasses, and plump, lycra-clad figure. Boorish, unattractive Linda is convinced she is a "stunner"; in series three she is finally diagnosed with reversed body dysmorphic disorder. It is suggested that Linda and Tom first met at a nightclub, bonded instantly (due to both being on ecstasy), and decided to live together. What follows is, as writer Jonathan Harvey describes, "one long comedown". Linda often tells humorous anecdotes about her family and childhood which suggest abuse or neglect (such as how she apparently slept on a doormat as a baby, lived in a kennel as a child, and was left in a car-boot for the two weeks her aunt went on holiday), but she always thinks of these as positive experiences. She also claims that her Daddy now lives in an iron lung, although the only proof she has is a photo of a sideboard. Linda also lived in a convent and a borstal as a teenager. She has crushes on Liam Gallagher (in whom she lost interest after series one as she "couldn't bring up another bird's child"), Robbie Williams, and both male members of Hear'Say. She also imagines having sex with Dale Winton in a toilet cubicle.

text: Tom is melodramatic yet fails in his desire to get acting roles. He believes himself to be truly gifted in the art of acting, and often blames his failures on his agent or society itself. He did appear in one episode of EastEnders and often brags about it, delaying for as long as he can the fact that he was in one scene, had one line, and did nothing but buy a cagoule from Bianca Jackson's market stall. He also appeared in Daylight Robbery as an extra, standing in a queue in the background. He had one line but it was cut due to timekeeping. He insists that the entire series was ruined due to the axing of his line. Tom has an obsession with appearing to be middle-class even though he hails from a working-class background, possibly because he also hates his parents. It is often suggested that Tom has no friends whatsoever (apart from Linda and his housemates) but unlike Linda he usually tries to pretend he is popular. Tom is in love with the actor Simon Shepherd.

text: Although they appear to loathe each other, Tom and Linda are beholden to each other due to the simple fact that nobody else can tolerate them. They are in many ways alike: selfish, unsuccessful, and physically and personally unattractive - although Tom less so. The hapless duo live in a Kentish Town flat (69 Paradise Passage, Kentish Town) rented from elderly ex-prostitute Beryl Merit (Rosalind Knight). Other regular characters are the middle-class, horny married couple Jez (Brian Bovell) and Suze (Beth Goddard). Many of the storylines revolve around the fact that Tom and Linda find Jez sexually attractive and (particularly Linda) despise the oblivious Suze. Another recurring character is Sugar Walls (Elaine Lordan), Linda's celebrity sister. Many of the other characters can be just as hapless as Tom and Linda; Beryl still engages in sexual activities such as S&M and picking up young and married men, while Jez and Suze generally lack common sense. For example, they once cancelled their holiday to the Algarve and paid £500 to stay in their own back garden after Linda opened it up as a campsite.

text: Simon Shepherd, Su Pollard, Charlie Condou, and Rose Keegan have made guest appearances. Su Pollard played a character called Heidi Honeycombe; when she appeared, Linda greeted her with "Heidi! Hi!" (a reference to Pollard's character in the sitcom Hi-de-Hi!).

text: At the end of series three, Tom finally got his big break in TV soap opera Crossroads. The last episode ended with Tom leaving the flat and Linda taking off her hair (revealing it to be a wig) and sitting in the flat alone.

text: Cast[edit]

text:
Kathy Burke as Linda La Hughes (19 episodes)
James Dreyfus as Tom Farrell (19 episodes)
Beth Goddard as Suze Littlewood (14 episodes)
Brian Bovell as Jez Littlewood (13 episodes)
Rosalind Knight as Beryl Merit (13 episodes)
Doña Croll as Norma (4 episodes, inc 2 voice appearances)
Simon Shepherd as Himself (3 episodes)
Elaine Lordan as Sugar Walls (2 episodes)
Jonathan Harvey as Man on sofa & Louie (2 episodes)

text: Characters[edit]

text: Regular[edit]

text: Linda La Hughes – Linda is an unattractive middle-aged woman who usually wears skin tight, colourful clothing. Linda grabs any opportunity to bluntly flirt with any man she sees. She is delusional about her appearance; in the Series 3 episode "Trauma," she's finally diagnosed with reversed body dysmorphic disorder. Her age is uncertain as she has announced different ages through the three series e.g. 16, 18, 19, 23 and 28. In the Series 2 episode "Dirty Thirty", her birth certificate reveals that she is 39 – but in the Series 3 episode "Secrets and Flies" she is unexpectedly reunited with her 28-year-old son; she says she was 15 when she gave birth to him, meaning she must be 43. Linda has a large family consisting of a son named Zippy, two cousins, Simon who has a wonky eye, Velma who works in Soho who has an act called "Snatch and Ladders", two aunties, Nitty and Ivy, an uncle called Tyrone and a sister called Sharon La Hughes who changed her name to Sugar Walls. Her Mother, called "Queenie" (and oddly referred to in one episode as "Dolly") died when Linda was a child but there is some uncertainty as to the cause; Linda tells Tom’s mum that she collapsed in a paddling pool in Pinner, but her sister Sugar Walls states that she electrocuted herself on her own Slendertone pads. Her Daddy hides from her, although she thinks he's in an iron lung, but he does send her Christmas Presents. When Linda is asked what her father's name is by her son Zippy, she replies "Daddy".

text: Thomas Thessalonius "Tom" Farrell – Tom is a 30-year-old wannabe (but bad) actor who has only had small roles on TV and on stage. Tom is openly gay and seizes every possible opportunity to get a boyfriend. Throughout Series 1, he often refers to using drugs once at home when he mistook a sleeping tablet for an E, the other when reading what "middle class" people should do "the middle class person will not go to sleazy night club and get off his tits on ecstasy" He also tends to exaggerate a lot. Series 3 concludes with him moving to Nottingham to join the cast of Crossroads.

text: Beryl Merit – Beryl is the elderly landlady of 69 Paradise Passage. She is a retired prostitute but stays involved in criminal activities such as shoplifting and bootlegging; in the Series 2 episode "Glad to be Gay?" she's seen to be an escort. Her best friend is Reenie, a fellow former prostitute whom she often mentions and is seen chatting to on the phone, but who never appears.

text: Jez Littlewood – Jez is Tom and Linda's hunky middle-class neighbour. When Tom and Linda first meet Jez, they think one of them has slept with him, but actually he had just slept on the sofa. Both Tom and Linda constantly lust after him; whilst Tom tends to be subtle about his feelings, Linda boorishly propositions Jez at every opportunity – even in Suze's presence. However, Jez is devoted to his wife.

text: Suze Littlewood – Suze is Jez's ditzy wife. She can sometimes be nice but on other occasions she can be hyperactive and rather irritating, unintentionally coming off as a burden. Tom and Linda loathe Suze for standing in the way of their pursuit of Jez. Linda, especially, showers her with vicious insults, most of which go way over her head. She and Jez have a voracious – often vociferous – sex life. In the Series 3 episode "Secrets and Flies" (featuring Linda's own long-lost son), she gives birth to their baby boy, Lee-on-Solent "Lee" Littlewood. Suze has also stated that she is a "committed vegetarian", with a liking for spinach pie and quorn placenta.

text: Recurring[edit]

text: Norma – Norma is Tom's agent and appears throughout all three of the series.

text: Sugar Walls – Sugar (Birthname Sharon La Hughes) is Linda's famous sister. She is a model, but is more famous for her promiscuity than her modelling career. She appears once in series 1 and again in series 2.

text: Simon Shepherd – Simon is Tom's celebrity crush. Simon is famous for starring in Peak Practice. He appears in every series.

text: Production[edit]

text: The series was filmed in front of a live studio audience in Studio 2 at The London Studios, South Bank, London

text: Writer Jonathan Harvey appeared in three episodes; as a guest at the series 1 wedding, once as make-up artist Louis, and then as a customer in a sofa store.

text: Episodes[edit]

text: Gimme Gimme Gimme has broadcast three series and 19 episodes in total. The first series premiered on BBC Two on 8 January 1999 and lasted for six episodes, concluding on 12 February 1999. Following this, a Millennium special was screened at the end of the year on 29 December 1999. A second series commenced on 14 January 2000 and finished on 18 February 2000, again including six episodes. A short sketch included as part of Comic Relief was broadcast on 16 March 2001. Due to the high viewing figures and success the show received, it was moved to BBC One for a six-episode third series which was the last. Each episode was written by Jonathan Harvey and directed by Liddy Oldroyd for the first two series and the special; the third series was directed by Tristram Shapeero.

text: Ratings[edit]

text:
Series
Episode
Viewers

1

1

6,550,000

2

6,290,000

3

5,950,000

4

6,100,000

5

5,840,000

6

5,350,000

Series
Episode
Viewers

2

Millennium special

3,980,000

1

6,790,000

2

5,420,000

3

5,570,000

4

6,160,000

5

4,720,000

6

7,100,000

Series
Episode
Viewers

3

1

6,790,000

2

underneath 6,150,000

3

underneath 5,830,000

4

underneath 5,960,000

5

underneath 5,920,000

6

underneath 5,550,000

text: Home media[edit]

text:
Title
Episodes
No. of discs
Release date

VHS / Region 2 DVD
Region 2 DVD (re-release)
Region 4 DVD

The Complete First Series

6

1

1 October 2001

30 April 2007

22 April 2003[1]

The Complete Second Series

7

1

17 November 2003

27 August 2007

3 June 2009[2]

The Complete Third Series

6

1

11 November 2002

27 August 2007

TBA

The Complete Collection

19

3

17 November 2003

20 November 2006 / 2011*

TBA

text: The Complete Collection was re-released again in 2011 in standard DVD case, as the 2006 box set went out of print. The UK DVD releases have both Region 2 and Region 4 encoding on each season and the complete set.


document_title: Wit Studio

question_text: new anime from the creators of attack on titan

text: Wit Studio

text: Filmography[edit]

text: Television[edit]

text:
Year
Title
Director
Format
Episodes
Notes

2013–ongoing
Attack on Titan
Tetsurō Araki
Masashi Koizuka[5]
TV Series
37 + 8 OVA
Adapted from Hajime Isayama's manga of the same name

2014–2015
Hozuki's Coolheadedness
Hiro Kaburaki
TV Series
13 + 3 OVA
Adapted from Natsumi Eguchi's manga of the same name

2015
The Rolling Girls
Kotomi Deai
TV Series
12
Original work

2015
Seraph of the End
Daisuke Tokudo
TV Series
24 + 1 OVA
Adapted from Takaya Kagami's manga of the same name

2016
Kabaneri of the Iron Fortress
Tetsurō Araki
TV Series
12
Original work

2017–2018
The Ancient Magus' Bride
Norihiro Naganuma
TV Series
24
Adapted from Kore Yamazaki's manga of the same name

2018
After the Rain
Ayumu Watanabe
TV Series
12
Adapted from Jun Mayuzuki's manga of the same name

TBA
Vinland Saga
TBA
TV Series
TBA
Adapted from Makoto Yukimura's manga of the same name

text: Films and OVAs[edit]

text:
Year
Title
Director
Format
Episodes
Notes

2013
Hal
Ryōtarō Makihara
Film

2014–2015
Attack on Titan – Part 1: Crimson Bow and Arrow
Attack on Titan – Part 2: Wings of Freedom
Tetsurō Araki
Film

Recap films of the anime series' first season

2014–2015
Attack on Titan: No Regrets
Tetsurō Araki
OVA
2
Adapted from Gun Snark's manga of the same name

2015
The Empire of Corpses
Ryōtarō Makihara
Film

Part of Project Itoh

2016
Star Fox Zero: The Battle Begins
Kyoji Asano
ONA

Short film adapted from the video game Star Fox Zero

2016–2017
The Ancient Magus' Bride: Those Awaiting a Star
Norihiro Naganuma
OVA
3
Adapted from Kore Yamazaki's manga The Ancient Magus' Bride

2016–2017
Kabaneri of the Iron Fortress - Part 1: Gathering Light
Kabaneri of the Iron Fortress - Part 2: Burning Life
Tetsurō Araki
Film

Recap films of Kabaneri of the Iron Fortress

2017–2018
Laughing Under the Clouds Gaiden
Tetsuya Wakano
Film
3
Adapted from Karakara-Kemuri's manga Laughing Under the Clouds

2017–2018
Attack on Titan: Lost Girls
Tetsurō Araki
Masashi Koizuka
OVA
3
Adapted from Hiroshi Seko's novel of the same name

2018
Attack on Titan: The Roar of Awakening
Tetsurō Araki
Masashi Koizuka
Film

Recap film of the anime series' second season

2018
Pokémon the Movie: Everyone's Story
Tetsuo Yajima
Film

Follow-up to 2017's Pokémon the Movie: I Choose You!
Collaboration with OLM

TBA
Kabaneri of the Iron Fortress: Unato Decisive Battle
Tetsurō Araki
Film

Sequel to Kabaneri of the Iron Fortress

text: Video games[edit]

text:
Year
Title
Publisher
Format
Notes

2017
Tales of the Rays
Bandai Namco[6]
Mobile Game
Opening Animation/Cutscenes

2018
Kōtetsujō no Kabaneri -Ran- Hajimaru Michiato
DMM Games
Mobile Game
Opening Animation


document_title: Beyond the Sea (film)

question_text: who sang the songs in the movie beyond the sea

text: Beyond the Sea (film)

text: Plot[edit]

text: Rather than providing a straightforward biography, the film weaves fantasy sequences with scenes containing somewhat fictionalized accounts of events in Darin's life, and throughout it, the adult singer interacts with his younger self. It chronicles his determination to rise from his working class roots as Walden Robert Cassotto, a frail Bronx boy plagued by multiple bouts of rheumatic fever, and become a singer more famous than Frank Sinatra. To achieve that goal, he forms a band and struggles to find gigs at any nightclub that will hire him.

text: His agent gets Darin a recording contract with Atlantic Records, where the singer enjoys teen idol success with "Splish Splash". Not wanting to limit his appeal to rock and roll audiences, he changes his niche to big band singing and records major hits, such as "Mack the Knife." To capitalize on his popularity with teenage and young adult audiences, Darin is cast in Come September opposite Sandra Dee. He falls in love with the eighteen-year-old actress and, determined to marry her, he romantically seduces and enchants her with songs like "Beyond the Sea" and "Dream Lover." The two elope, angering her mother. Darin finally realizes his own mother's dream when he is signed to appear at the famed Copacabana nightclub in Manhattan.

text: As success takes him on the road and away from home, Dee begins to drink heavily, and the couple fights frequently. Eventually they separate, then reconcile. She gives birth to a son, Dodd. To his actress wife's chagrin, Darin is nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his performance as a shell shocked soldier in Captain Newman, M.D..

text: In the late 1960s, Darin becomes involved in the campaign to elect Robert F. Kennedy for President and contemplates a political career of his own. His sister Nina, knowing his past will be investigated closely if Bobby opts to enter the political arena, shocks him with the news his beloved mother actually was his grandmother and he is Nina's illegitimate child, the son of a father she cannot identify.

text: Devastated, Darin becomes a recluse living in a trailer on the Big Sur coast in California. He finds himself out of step with changing music trends, and when he tries to adapt by incorporating folk music and protest songs into his repertoire, he finds himself rejected by the audience that once embraced him. Undaunted, he stages a show, complete with a gospel choir, at the Flamingo Hotel in Las Vegas, and against all odds it is a huge success.

text: But his triumph is short-lived. Suffering from blood poisoning following surgery to repair his mechanical heart valve, Darin is rushed to the hospital, where he dies at the age of thirty-seven. Following his death, he meets the younger counterpart of himself once again, and the two duet with "As Long As I'm Singing."

text: Cast[edit]

text:
Kevin Spacey as Bobby Darin, who rises from his lower class roots to become one of the most popular rock and roll and big band performers of all time.
Kate Bosworth as Sandra Dee, the popular actress who marries Bobby. Although they divorced in 1967, Sandra said she has always truly and deeply loved him, and that she always will, and thus never remarried.
Bob Hoskins as Charlie Maffia, who serves as a father figure and considers Bobby to be his son.
John Goodman as Stephen Blauner, Bobby's dedicated talent manager. Blauner later becomes a successful film producer with movies such as The King of Marvin Gardens (1972) and Drive, He Said (1971).
Brenda Blethyn as Polly Cassotto, Bobby's biological maternal grandmother, who teaches him the art of music as a child.
Caroline Aaron as Nina Cassotto Maffia, Bobby's biological mother, whom he believed to be his older sister. Nina tells him the shocking truth when he is thirty-three years old.
Greta Scacchi as Mary Douvan, Sandra's overprotective mother.
Peter Cincotti as Dick Behrke, Bobby's arranger and pianist.
Matt Rippy as David Gershenson, Bobby's publicist.
William Ullrich as young Bobby.

text: Cathy Moriarty-Gentile and Vanessa Redgrave were originally cast in Beyond the Sea, but both actresses dropped out for unspecified reasons.[1]

text: Development[edit]

text: Barry Levinson[edit]

text: Beginning in 1986, Barry Levinson intended to produce and direct a biopic based on the life of Bobby Darin with funding from his own production company, Baltimore Pictures.[2] With writer Lewis Colick, Levinson pitched the idea to Warner Bros. Pictures, who agreed to co-finance The Bobby Darin Story and cover distribution duties. Producer Arthur Friedman, a fan of Darin's work, began to laboriously negotiate for crucial music licensing rights with Darin's ex-wife, Sandra Dee; his son, Dodd; and former manager Steve Blauner. Colick wrote the first draft in 1987 before Warner Bros. and Levinson commissioned rewrites from Paul Attanasio and Paul Schrader.[3] Their scripts, which kept The Bobby Darin Story title,[4] concentrated on Sandra Dee's alcoholism and childhood molestation by her stepfather.[3] David Gershenson, Darin's longtime friend, publicist and manager, joined the project as a historical consultant.[5] Tom Cruise was reportedly under consideration to portray Darin.[6]

text: Meanwhile, in May 1994, Warner Bros. optioned Dodd Darin's book, Dream Lovers (ISBN 0-446-51768-2).[7] James Toback and Lorenzo Carcaterra were hired to rewrite Attanasio's The Bobby Darin Story, which they re-titled Dreamer, in an attempt to incorporate the information present in Dodd Darin's Dream Lovers.[8][9] Toback's script heavily focused on Darin's childhood rheumatic fever and lifelong struggle with heart disease. It also followed the previous Attanasio and Schrader scripts.[3] Carcaterra's detailed research included Darin's music records, home videos, early television clips, authorized and unauthorized biographies, newspaper articles and magazine interviews. "I decided to meet with a lot of real-life people associated with Bobby Darin until [Levinson] said it was taking the focus off of Bobby," Carcaterra explained. As a result, some of the writer's favorite scenes, including a Las Vegas confrontation with Elvis Presley, were omitted from his third and final draft, which came in at a lengthy 164 pages.[3]

text: Beginning in 1994, Kevin Spacey first offered his services to portray Bobby Darin,[10] but the filmmakers believed the actor was too old. Around this time, Spacey coincidentally performed the cover version of Darin's "That Old Black Magic" for the soundtrack of Midnight in the Garden of Good and Evil.[11] The actor explained that after 1994, "at least three times a year, my manager would call over to Warner Bros. and say, 'Hey, what's happening with that Bobby Darin movie? You guys ever going to make it?'"[12]

text: With filming to originally begin in late 1997, pre-production for Dreamer was commencing, and Levinson began to discuss the film with various actors. This included Johnny Depp as Bobby Darin, Drew Barrymore as Sandra Dee,[13] Bette Midler as Darin's birth mother Nina and Bruno Kirby as Nina's husband/Darin's right-hand man, Charlie Mafia.[9] Levinson eventually vacated the director's position in favor of Liberty Heights (1999);[14] because he was unable to get Dreamer into production, Warner Bros. lost the music licensing rights, which reverted to the Darin estate.[9]

text: Kevin Spacey[edit]

text: In March 1999, Dick Clark Productions announced their teaming with Dodd Darin on a biopic,[15] with collaboration from producer Arthur Friedman, who had been developing both The Bobby Darin Story and Dreamer with Levinson at Warner Bros. since 1986.[16] Shortly afterwards, Spacey was in discussions with Dodd Darin to star in the lead role.[17] Spacey was able to acquire the film rights from Warner Bros. in early 2000.[12] With the help of Dodd Darin, the actor also received exclusive music rights for no charge.[18] With his Academy Award-winning performance in American Beauty (1999), Paramount Pictures became interested in distributing/financing Beyond the Sea. The deal fell apart when Paramount told Spacey was that he was too old for the role and instead wanted Leonardo DiCaprio.[3] Beginning in October 2000, Spacey took vocal training lessons[19] from Darin collaborator Roger Kellaway to give an accurate portrayal of the singer.[20]

text:
"Bobby was a man I found very compelling, driven, ambitious and complicated. He challenged himself and never sat back on his laurels. It's sad that he didn't live longer, but I don't think his life was tragic. I view his life as inspiring."

— Kevin Spacey[6]

text: Spacey also kept close relations with the Darin family as a means to know he would treat the film "with respect". He sent letters to that effect to Sandra Dee and son Dodd.[20] Steve Blauner (who is portrayed by John Goodman in the film) also served as a historical consultant.[18] Dodd originally considered Spacey's plan to sing his father's material a sacrilege, but eventually fell into sync with Spacey's deeply empathetic approach to Darin's life.[3]

text: Tom Epperson, who had struck up a friendship with Spacey while writing an early screenplay draft of The Shipping News, was hired to write a new draft for Beyond the Sea. Epperson's script included Darin's penchant for orgies after his divorce with Sandra Dee. Spacey, finding the Epperson script to be overtly dark and morbid, began to rewrite Beyond the Sea, incorporating info from the 1987 Lewis Colick script.[3] Spacey acknowledged he portrayed Darin in an exaggeratedly sympathetic way, and decided not to centrally depict the darker side of Darin's life. "The other scripts made Bobby [Darin] a rather unlikable figure," he explained. "I was not interested in making a conventional biopic, as you can see from the results. I was interested in making an exuberant celebration of an entertainer in a way that would be uplifting for an audience."[21]

text: By making the biopic, Dodd Darin and Spacey acknowledged the similar career experiences between Darin and Spacey. "A lot of people doubted my dad's abilities, and Kevin's had doubters and naysayers," Dodd commented. "But both [men] were willing to take risks, and both were very resilient. My dad would always try new things. You could never pin him down. Kevin's career is similar."[6] David Evanier, author of Roman Candle: The Life of Bobby Darin (ISBN 978-1-59486-010-2), said "You can put Kevin's obsessiveness about getting the film made right up there with Bobby's obsessiveness. He's also the ideal person to play Bobby. He has an uncanny physical resemblance to him, and he also has Bobby's intensity and dark side. Also, there's the connection with his mother. Bobby's mother's belief in him sent him soaring. Kevin's mother wanted him to make this film. Kevin sees the film as an act of devotion to his mother."[6]

text: "I think the movie is about mothers and sons," Spacey said, referring to Darin's relationship with his mother Polly and sister Nina. Spacey's mother, Kathleen Fowler, died of brain cancer just before production started. "I made the movie for all mothers, but especially for my mother. She introduced me to Bobby Darin. When she got very ill in 2002, I stopped everything and took care of her. We constantly played Bobby Darin records, and I'd let her listen to the tracks I was recording. I'm glad she passed knowing this was the movie I was going to make."[6] After his award-winning performances in The Usual Suspects and American Beauty, Spacey "chose to move away from dark, sarcastic characters, and instead play damaged but good-hearted men"[6] in films like Pay It Forward, K-PAX and The Shipping News. The actor was criticized for his career move; Spacey acknowledged the similarities when Darin integrated into folk music and protest songs.[6]

text: Production[edit]

text: In February 2003, it was announced that production for Beyond the Sea was becoming fast tracked with Spacey as lead actor, co-writer, producer and director, and Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM) agreed to cover distribution duties in North America.[20] The following August, with principal photography to begin in just weeks, MGM dropped out as distributor and main financier over scheduling conflicts.[22] To accumulate financing of the film's $25 million budget, which came from foreign production companies, Spacey performed six songs at the November 2003 American Film Market.[3] Lions Gate Entertainment quickly picked up the distribution duties and Spacey found enough investors from England and Germany to continue to move forward on production.[22][23]

text: In addition, Spacey declined to be paid for his work as actor, director, co-writer and producer on Beyond the Sea. A portion of the $25 million budget came from his own Trigger Street Productions.[24] Producer Arthur Friedman, who had shepherded the biopic since 1987, commented that he and Spacey experienced creative differences during pre-production. Friedman remarked that he was not involved with Beyond the Sea once production began in Germany.[3] Filming was originally set to begin in June 2003[20] before it was pushed to November 7, 2003, lasting until late-January 2004.[10] 80% of Beyond the Sea was shot using sound stages at Babelsberg Studios in Germany and Pinewood Studios in England. Lulworth Cove, Dorset,[25] South West England doubled for Darin's setting of reclusiveness in Big Sur, California.[18] In an attempt to convincingly portray Darin, particularly during the early stages of the singer's life depicted in the film, Spacey hired prosthetic makeup designer Peter King from The Lord of the Rings film trilogy.[26]

text: Music[edit]

text: Soundtrack[edit]

text: The soundtrack album features 18 tracks performed by Kevin Spacey.

text: Release[edit]

text: Marketing[edit]

text: To promote Beyond the Sea, Spacey and Phil Ramone devised a 12-city United States concert tour titled An Evening Celebrating the Music of Bobby Darin, which consisted of Spacey performing with a 19-piece band.[24] "It's me singing Bobby and talking about Bobby and talking a little bit about the movie," Spacey explained in June 2004. Spacey dressed in costumes from the movie for the tour, which started in San Francisco and traveled through Los Angeles, New York City, Boston, Chicago, Miami and Atlantic City before ending in the Wayne Newton Theatre at the Stardust Hotel in Las Vegas.[12] Spacey's performance at the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel on December 11, 2004 received a standing ovation.[27] Dodd Darin commented, "It was said about my dad that he had some big brass ones. To do a film about my dad is one thing, but it's another thing to go out and attempt to work a nightclub. Kevin's got a lot of courage. I think he sounds good."[6] The film was shown and promoted at the Toronto International Film Festival on September 11, 2004.[28]

text: WGA arbitration[edit]

text: Beginning in October 2004, the Writers Guild of America, west conducted arbitration through the scripts that had been written since Barry Levinson developed the film at Warner Bros. in 1987. Lewis Colick, James Toback and Tom Epperson disassociated themselves for credit by the WGA.[3] The Guild justified credit to Lewis Colick, who wrote the first draft of The Bobby Darin Story in 1987, and Kevin Spacey. Actor-writer Jeffrey Meek believed he should have deserved credit; he was paid $85,000 of a promised $125,000 to settle his claim to have performed writing services.[3]

text: Spacey said Meek was "not a hired writer" on Beyond the Sea. "He turned in a draft, but it was a draft based on earlier material based on my own screenplays,"[3] Spacey commented. Meek said he was hired by producer Harvey Friedman, a friend who stood up at his wedding and helped connect him with Spacey, with whom he claims to have produced 12 drafts, including one that was reported by Variety to have received a greenlight from MGM in early 2003. "He bought my material and then acted like I didn't exist," Meek explained. "I'm not saying I'm Rembrandt, but it's like someone buying a painting and then scratching the name off of it and putting their own there."[3]

text: Reception[edit]

text: Critical response[edit]

text: Beyond the Sea received mixed reviews from critics. Based on 147 reviews collected by Rotten Tomatoes, 42% of the critics gave the film a positive review, with an average score of 5.2/10.[29] Metacritic calculated a weighted average score of 46/100, based on 35 reviews.[30]

text:
"I'm very happy with the way the film turned out. Kevin loves my dad, and he wanted to do a tribute. My mother [who never remarried after her split from Darin] was speechless for a while after she saw it. It was emotional for her. There was a lot of truth and grit. But she couldn't be happier."

— Dodd Darin[6]

text: Sandra Dee,[21] Dodd Darin, Jimmy Scalia and Steve Blauner responded enthusiastically to Spacey's work on the film.[24] Mick LaSalle of the San Francisco Chronicle felt Spacey looked too old to portray Darin convincingly and called the film "one of the most embarrassing spectacles of 2004" and "jaw-droppingly awful, a misbegotten and ill-conceived vanity project."[31] Desson Thomson from The Washington Post praised the actor's work, but also felt Spacey did not convincingly portray Darin in his early music career.[32] Internet reviewer James Berardinelli found the storyline to be overtly clichéd, but added, "Despite the choppy narrative and inappropriate casting of Spacey, Beyond the Sea managed to keep me entertained."[33]

text: Roger Ebert gave a largely positive review, stating that, "Kevin Spacey believes he was born to play Bobby Darin. I believe he was born to play more interesting characters... In his own best work, Spacey has achieved genius; he is better as an actor than Darin ever was as a singer."[34] Stephen Holden of The New York Times felt that "with Beyond the Sea, Spacey crawls back from his doomed quest to be a Tom Hanks-like everyman to his niche on the underbelly of Hollywood's pantheon. The movie's a mess, and at 45, Spacey is far too old to play Darin. Yet the star captures his desperation, his braggadocio, and yes, his magnetism."[35] Peter Travers, writing in Rolling Stone magazine, believed Spacey could not prevent "the movie from groaning under the weight of biopic clichés. But the actor forges a bond with his subject that rights all wrongs. Doing his own singing (an uncanny imitation), Spacey is a marvel."[36]

text: Box office[edit]

text: The film opened in limited release in the United States on December 17, 2004 and went into wider release on December 29. It grossed $6,318,709 in the US and $2,128,906 in international markets for a total worldwide box office of $8,447,615.[37] It was declared a box office bomb because it did not make back its $25 million budget.[12]

text: Accolades[edit]

text: Spacey was nominated for the Golden Globe Award for Best Actor - Motion Picture Musical or Comedy but lost to Jamie Foxx for Ray. He and Phil Ramone were also nominated for the Grammy Award for Best Compilation Soundtrack Album for a Motion Picture, Television or Other Visual Media, but lost to the producers of Ray.[38]

text: Home media[edit]

text: On June 7, 2005, the film was released on DVD in widescreen anamorphic format for Region 1 markets. It features two Dolby Digital English audio tracks (one in 2.0 Stereo and the other in 5.1 Surround Sound), director's commentary by Spacey, and a making-of featurette.[39]


document_title: The Crossing (TV series)

question_text: where's the tv show the crossing filmed

question_tokens: where 's the tv show the crossing filmed

text: The Crossing (TV series)

text: Premise[edit]

text: Refugees fleeing a war seek asylum in an American town—but they claim to be from America, 180 years in the future.[3] Moreover, at least one of the refugees exhibits apparently superhuman powers that may make them a threat.[4]

text: Cast[edit]

text:
Steve Zahn as Sheriff Jude Ellis[5]
Natalie Martinez as Reece[6]
Sandrine Holt as Agent Emma Ren[7]
Tommy Bastow as Marshall
Rob Campbell as Paul[8]
Rick Gomez as Nestor Rosario
Marcuis W. Harris as Caleb
Grant Harvey as Roy Aronson[5]
Jay Karnes as Craig Lindauer[5]
Simone Kessell as Rebecca[9]
Kelley Missal as Hannah[10]
Luc Roderique as Bryce Foster[11]
Bailey Skodje as Leah[12]
John D'Leo as Will
Georgina Haig as Dr. Sophie Forbin[13]

text: Production[edit]

text: Set in the fictional town of Port Canaan, Oregon and in Seattle, the series was filmed in coastal areas of British Columbia and in the city of Vancouver, British Columbia in 2017. The beach where the refugees arrive is near Ucluelet on Vancouver Island[14] while the sheriff's office and some other locations were filmed in and around the village of Britannia Beach, north of Vancouver.[15] The Oceanic Plaza in Vancouver was the setting for the Seattle offices of the show's Homeland Security and other scenes were filmed in and around the city. Additional shooting locations in BC were in Steveston, British Columbia and in New Westminster.[16] Filming in Vancouver started in July and wrapped in late November, 2017.[17]

text: Episodes[edit]

text:
No.
Title [1]
Directed by
Written by
Original air date
U.S. viewers
(millions)

1
"Pilot"
Rob Bowman
Dan Dworkin & Jay Beattie
April 2, 2018 (2018-04-02)[a]
5.40[19]

People are deep underwater in the ocean. A woman pushes a child toward the surface and disappears below. Sheriff Jude Ellis is called to the beach to investigate a body that washed ashore. Upon arriving, he and his deputy discover more bodies on the beach and hundreds more in the water. There are a total of 47 survivors, all claiming to be fleeing a war 180 years in the future. They heard of a way to bend time to get to "The Long Peace". They were running from Apex, a race of more evolved humans with extraordinary abilities that took over all governments and began exterminating normal humans. FBI Agent Emma Ren takes charge and restricts the sheriff's access. The woman shown previously is rescued by fishermen, sees a televised report of only dead washing ashore (an FBI cover story), ambushes Jude and orders him to take her to the dead. She does not find the girl she tried to help. Jude tells her the child is alive. When armed security agents close in, the woman overpowers both of them and Jude and escapes, revealing herself to be an Apex by her incredible physical abilities. She later appears in Jude's home, where he learns that her name is Reece and that she is looking for her daughter, Leah. Thomas, a survivor, claims that their group was not the first to cross. He meets Ren's boss, Craig Lindauer, the deputy head of Homeland Security, but to his horror recognizes Lindauer as part of the earlier migration.

2
"A Shadow Out of Time"
David Von Ancken
Dan Dworkin & Jay Beattie
April 9, 2018 (2018-04-09)
4.48[20]

Reece and Leah's backstory is told in a series of flashbacks. In 2187, Reece and another armed Apex agent search a building for "Commons", non-mutated humans. Inside they find a dead man, killed by the incurable disease Apex created to wipe out normal humanity. They also discover a healthy baby. Reece's partner prepares to shoot the infant, per standard procedure, but Reece kills him and raises the baby in secret. When Leah is a young girl, she contracts the disease. Reece buys black market medical help; the man gives Leah some of Reece's blood in the hope that Reece's Apex immunity can help Leah fight the disease. When Reece's superiors find out about Leah and confront Reece, she shoots them and flees. In the present, Jude makes a bargain with her: he will help her find Leah in exchange for her leaving town. He tries to arrange a meeting between Reece and Ren, but Ren notifies Lindauer, who sends heavily armed men. Reece is shot, but gets away. Meanwhile, Leah is found to have the disease and is quickly quarantined.

3
"Pax Americana"
Ken Girotti
Michael Narducci
April 16, 2018 (2018-04-16)
4.09[21]

Reece is tracked in the forest by Lindauer's heavily armed men, but she easily neutralizes them. She kills the head of the search team when he, thinking he has her incapacitated, reveals he is an earlier migrant. Roy, a guard, is attracted to survivor Hannah. Luke threatens to expose Hannah's past to the others unless she cooperates with him. She sneaks out of camp in the back of Roy's pickup truck. At a concert, part of the town's "Harborfest" celebration, Hannah meets Marshall. After a while, she spots a young man who looks exactly like the guy in the photo in her lost locket. Roy finds Hannah and takes her back, with Jude's help. Jude is enjoying Harborfest with his son Oliver, who was dropped off by Oliver's mother. When Jude is called away to check out a dead body (Reece's victim), Oliver disappears. Lindauer recruits Thomas, then sends virologist Dr. Sophie Forbin to find out all she can about the disease, but states that saving Leah's life is not a priority. After speaking with Forbin, Ren starts to suspect that Lindauer has a hidden agenda. She reaches out to Jude, but he no longer trusts her.

4
"The Face of Oblivion"
Tara Nicole Weyr
Evan Bleiweiss
April 23, 2018 (2018-04-23)
4.08[22]

When Jude calls Oliver's phone, Reece answers. She wants to exchange his child for hers in four hours. Jude contacts Ren, who informs him that Leah is dying of a highly infectious disease. Jude pressures Forbin to go with him to the exchange point. After they apprise Reece of the situation, Forbin offers to take Oliver's place. Jude returns home to find his son alive and well. Meanwhile, Hannah's dark secret comes to light: she became an Apex collaborator after they caught and tortured her father. A survivor named Paul asks a guard to locate a woman from the earlier migration: his wife. The guard turns over his drawing over to Ren, who identifies and goes to question the woman. The woman claims Paul joined a cult, but when Ren sees a photograph on the wall showing a gathering in which Lindauer is present, the woman shoots her.

5
"Ten Years Gone"
Jeffrey Hunt[23]
Rebecca Sonnenshine[23]
April 30, 2018 (2018-04-30)
TBD

6
"LKA"
Hanelle Culpepper[24]
Vivian Tse[24]
May 7, 2018 (2018-05-07)
TBD

7
"Some Dreamers of the Golden Dream"
TBA
TBA
May 14, 2018 (2018-05-14)
TBD

text: Reception[edit]

text: Critical response[edit]

text: On the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the series has an approval rating of 69% based on 16 reviews, with an average rating of 6.1/10.[25] Metacritic, which uses a weighted average, assigned a score of 59 out of 100 based on 12 critics, indicating "mixed or average reviews".[26]

text: Ratings[edit]

text:
No.
Title
Air date
Rating/share
(18–49)
Viewers
(millions)
DVR
(18–49)
DVR viewers
(millions)
Total
(18–49)
Total viewers
(millions)

1
"Pilot"
April 2, 2018
0.9/3
5.40[19]
0.7
2.97
1.6
8.37[27]

2
"A Shadow Out of Time"
April 9, 2018
0.8/3
4.48[20]
0.6
2.80
1.4
7.28[28]

3
"Pax Americana"
April 16, 2018
0.7/3
4.09[21]
TBD
TBD
TBD
TBD

4
"The Face of Oblivion"
April 23, 2018
0.7/3
4.08[22]
TBD
TBD
TBD
TBD


document_title: Premier League records and statistics

question_text: who scored the most goals in premier league season

text: Premier League records and statistics

text: League records[edit]

text: Titles[edit]

text:
Most titles: 13, Manchester United[1]
Most consecutive title wins: 3

Manchester United (1998–99, 1999–2000, 2000–01)[1]
Manchester United (2006–07, 2007–08, 2008–09)[1]

Biggest title-winning margin: 18 points, 1999–2000; Manchester United (91 points) over Arsenal (73 points)[2]
Smallest title-winning margin: 0 points and 8 goal difference – 2011–12; Manchester City (+64) over Manchester United (+56). Both finished on 89 points, but Manchester City won the title with a superior goal difference – the only time that goal difference has determined the Premier League.[3]

text: Wins[edit]

text:
Most wins in a season (38 games): 30, Chelsea (2016–17)[4]
Fewest wins in a season (38 games): 1, Derby County (2007–08)[5]
Fewest home wins in a season (19 games): 1, joint record:[5]

Sunderland (2005–06)
Derby County (2007–08)

Most home wins in a season (19 games): 18, joint record:[6]

Chelsea (2005–06)
Manchester United (2010–11)
Manchester City (2011–12)[7]

Most away wins in a season (19 games): 15, Chelsea (2004–05)[8]
Fewest away wins in a season (19/21 games): 0, joint record:[5][9][10]

Leeds United (1992–93)
Coventry City (1999–2000)
Wolverhampton Wanderers (2003–04)
Norwich City (2004–05)
Derby County (2007–08)
Hull City (2009–10)

Most consecutive wins: 18, Manchester City (between 26 August 2017 and 27 December 2017)[11]
Most consecutive games without a win: 32, Derby County (2007–08)[5]
Most consecutive games without a win from beginning of season: 16, Queens Park Rangers (between 18 August 2012 and 8 December 2012)[12]
Most consecutive home wins: 20, Manchester City (between 5 March 2011 and 21 March 2012)[13]
Most consecutive away wins: 11, joint record:[14][11]

Chelsea (between 6 April 2008 and 7 December 2008)
Manchester City (between 21 May 2017 and 27 December 2017)

text: Defeats[edit]

text:
Fewest defeats in a season (38 games): 0, Arsenal (2003–04)[15]
Longest unbeaten run: 49 games, Arsenal (7 May 2003 – 24 October 2004)[16]
Most defeats in total: 336, Everton[17]
Fewest home defeats in a season (19 games): 0, joint record:

Manchester United (1995–96, 1999–2000, 2010–11)[18][19][20]
Arsenal (1998–99, 2003–04, 2007–08) [21][22][23]
Chelsea (2004–05, 2005–06, 2006–07, 2007–08, 2014–15)[23][24][25][26][27]
Liverpool (2008–09)[28]
Manchester City (2011–12)[7]
Tottenham Hotspur (2016–17)

Most consecutive defeats over more than one season (38 games): 20, Sunderland (2002–03, 2005–06)[29]
Fewest away defeats in a season (19 games): 0, Arsenal (2001–02, 2003–04)[22][30]
Most consecutive home games undefeated: 86, Chelsea (20 March 2004 – 5 October 2008)[31]
Most consecutive away games undefeated: 27, Arsenal (5 April 2003 – 25 September 2004)[32]

text: Draws[edit]

text:
Most draws in a season (42 games): 18 – joint record:

Manchester City (1993–94)[33]
Sheffield United (1993–94)[33]
Southampton (1994–95)[33]

Most draws in a season (38 games): 17 – joint record:

Newcastle United (2003–04)[33]
Aston Villa (2006–07 & 2011–12)[33]
Sunderland (2014–15)[33]

Most home draws in a season: 10 – joint record:

Sheffield Wednesday (1996–97)[33]
Leicester City (1997–98 & 2003–04)[33]
Manchester United (2016–17)[33]

Most away draws in a season: 10, Newcastle United (2003–04)[33]
Fewest draws in a season: 3, Chelsea (1997–98 & 2016–17)[33]
Fewest home draws in a season: 0 – joint record:

Manchester City (2008–09)[33]
Manchester United (2012–13)[33]
Chelsea (2016–17)[33]

Fewest away draws in a season: 1 – joint record:

Bolton Wanderers (1995–96)[33]
Queens Park Rangers (1995–96 & 2014–15)[33]
Barnsley (1997–98)[33]
Chelsea (1997–98)[33]
Bradford City (1999–2000)[33]
Everton (2000–01)[33]
Ipswich Town (2000–01)[33]
Portsmouth (2005–06 & 2007–08)[33]
Burnley (2009–10)[33]
Liverpool (2011–12)[33]
Newcastle United (2013–14)[33]
Queens Park Rangers (2014–15)[33]

Most consecutive draws: 7 – joint record:

Norwich City (1993–94)[33]
Southampton (1994–95)[33]
Manchester City (2009–10)[33]

Most draws in total: 277, Everton[17]

text: Attendances[edit]

text:
Highest attendance, single game: 83,222, Tottenham Hotspur 1–0 Arsenal (at Wembley Stadium, 10 February 2018)[34]
Lowest attendance, single game: 3,039, Wimbledon 1–3 Everton (at Selhurst Park, 26 January 1993)[35][36]

text: Goals[edit]

text:
Most goals scored in a season: 103, Chelsea (2009–10)[37]
Fewest goals scored in a season: 20, Derby County (2007–08)[38]
Most goals conceded in a season (42 games): 100, Swindon Town (1993–94)[39]
Most goals conceded in a season (38 games): 89, Derby County (2007–08)[40]
Fewest goals conceded in a season: 15, Chelsea (2004–05)[41]
Best goal difference in a season: 71, Chelsea (2009–10)[41]
Most goals scored in a season by a relegated team: 55, Blackpool (2010–11)[42]
Most goals scored at home in a season: 68, Chelsea (2009–10)[41]
Fewest goals scored at home in a season: 10, Manchester City (2006–07)[43]
Most goals conceded at home in a season (21 games): 45, Swindon Town (1993–94)[44]
Most goals conceded at home in a season (19 games): 43

Derby County (2007–08)[44]
Wolverhampton Wanderers (2011–12)[44]

Fewest goals conceded at home in a season (21 games or 19 games): 4, Manchester United (1994–95)[44]
Most goals scored away in a season: 48, Liverpool (2013–14)[44]
Fewest goals scored away in a season: 8

Middlesbrough (1995–96)[44]
Southampton (1998–99)[44]
Sheffield United (2006–07)[44]
Derby County (2007–08)[44]

Most goals conceded away in a season (21 games): 59, Ipswich Town (1994–95)[44]
Most goals conceded away in a season (19 games): 55, Wigan Athletic (2009–10)[44]
Fewest goals conceded away in a season: 9, Chelsea (2004–05)[44]
Fewest failures to score in a match in a season: 0 (scored in every game), Arsenal (2001–02)[45]
Most goals scored in total: 1,856, Manchester United[17]
Most goals conceded in total: 1,231, Tottenham Hotspur[17]
Largest goal deficit overcome to win: 3

Leeds United 4–3 Derby County (8 November 1997)[46]
West Ham United 3–4 Wimbledon (9 September 1998)[47]
Tottenham Hotspur 3–5 Manchester United (29 September 2001)[48]
Wolverhampton Wanderers 4–3 Leicester City (25 October 2003)[49]

Largest goal deficit overcome to draw: 4, Newcastle United 4–4 Arsenal (5 February 2011)[50]

text: Points[edit]

text:
Most points in a season: 95, Chelsea (2004–05)[51]
Fewest points in a season: 11, Derby County (2007–08)[52]
Most points in a season without winning the league: 89, Manchester United (2011–12)[53]
Fewest points in a season while winning the league: 75, Manchester United (1996–97)[54]
Most points in a season while being relegated:

42 games: 49, Crystal Palace (1992–93)[55]
38 games: 42, West Ham United (2002–03)[55]

Fewest points in a season while surviving relegation: 34, West Bromwich Albion (2004–05)[56]

text: Player records[edit]

text: Appearances[edit]

text:
Most Premier League appearances: 652, Gareth Barry (2 May 1998 to 12 February 2018)[57]
Oldest player: John Burridge, 43 years and 162 days (for Manchester City v. Queens Park Rangers, 14 May 1995)[58]
Youngest player: Matthew Briggs, 16 years and 65 days (for Fulham v. Middlesbrough, 13 May 2007)[59]
Most consecutive Premier League appearances: 310, Brad Friedel (14 August 2004 until 7 October 2012)[60]
Most seasons appeared in: 22, Ryan Giggs (every season from 1992–93 to 2013–14)[61]

text: Goals[edit]

text:
First Premier League goal: Brian Deane (for Sheffield United v. Manchester United, 15 August 1992)[62]
Most Premier League goals: 260, Alan Shearer[63]
Most Premier League goals at one club: 183, Wayne Rooney (Manchester United)[64]
Oldest goalscorer: 40 years and 268 days, Teddy Sheringham (for West Ham United v. Portsmouth, 26 December 2006)[65]
Youngest goalscorer: 16 years and 271 days, James Vaughan (for Everton v. Crystal Palace, 10 April 2005)[66]
Most consecutive Premier League matches scored in: 11, Jamie Vardy (for Leicester City, 29 August to 28 November 2015)[67]
Most seasons scored in: 21, Ryan Giggs (every season from 1992–93 to 2012–13)[68]

text:
Rank
Name
Goals
Games
Goals per game
Playing position
First goal
Last goal

1
 Alan Shearer
260
441
0.59
Forward
1992–93
2005–06

2
 Wayne Rooney
208
490
0.42
Forward
2002–03
2017–18

3
 Andy Cole
187
414
0.45
Forward
1993–94
2006–07

4
 Frank Lampard
177
609
0.29
Midfield
1997–98
2014–15

5
 Thierry Henry
175
258
0.68
Forward
1999–2000
2011–12

6
 Robbie Fowler
163
379
0.43
Forward
1993–94
2006–07

7
 Jermain Defoe
162
490
0.33
Forward
2001–02
2017–18

8
 Michael Owen
150
326
0.46
Forward
1996–97
2012–13

9
 Les Ferdinand
149
351
0.42
Forward
1992–93
2004–05

10
 Teddy Sheringham
146
418
0.35
Forward
1992–93
2006–07

text:
Most goals in a season (42 games): 34, joint record:[70]

Andy Cole (Newcastle United, 1993–94)
Alan Shearer (Blackburn Rovers, 1994–95)

text:
Most goals in a season (38 games): 31, joint record:[71]

Alan Shearer (Blackburn Rovers, 1995–96)
Cristiano Ronaldo (Manchester United, 2007–08)
Luis Suárez (Liverpool, 2013–14)
Mohamed Salah (Liverpool, 2017–18)

Most games scored in during a Premier League season: 23, Mohamed Salah (Liverpool, 2017–18)[72]
Most Premier League goals in a calendar year: 39, Harry Kane (Tottenham Hotspur, 2017)[73]
Number of teams scored against in a season: 17, joint record:

20-team league:[74]

Ian Wright (Arsenal, 1996–97)
Robin van Persie (Arsenal, 2011–12)

22-team league:

Andy Cole (Newcastle United, 1993–94)
Alan Shearer (Blackburn Rovers, 1994–95)

Most goals in a debut season: 30, Kevin Phillips (Sunderland, 1999–2000)[75]
Most Premier League hat-tricks in a season: 5, Alan Shearer (38 games) (Blackburn Rovers, 1995–96)[76]
Most Premier League hat-tricks: 11, Alan Shearer[77]
Most goals in a game: 5, joint record:[78]

Andy Cole (for Manchester United v. Ipswich Town, 4 March 1995) W 9–0
Alan Shearer (for Newcastle United v. Sheffield Wednesday, 19 September 1999) W 8–0
Jermain Defoe (for Tottenham Hotspur v. Wigan Athletic, 22 November 2009) W 9–1
Dimitar Berbatov (for Manchester United v. Blackburn Rovers, 27 November 2010) W 7–1
Sergio Agüero (for Manchester City v. Newcastle United, 3 October 2015) W 6–1

text:
Most goals in one half: 5, Jermain Defoe (for Tottenham Hotspur v. Wigan Athletic, 22 November 2009) W 9–1[79]
Fastest goal: 10 seconds, Ledley King (for Tottenham Hotspur v. Bradford City, 9 December 2000)[80]
Most goals scored by a substitute in a game: 4, Ole Gunnar Solskjær (for Manchester United v. Nottingham Forest, 6 February 1999)[81]
Most consecutive away league matches scored in: 9, Robin van Persie (for Arsenal, 1 January 2011 to 22 May 2011)[82]
Most consecutive seasons to score at least 30 goals: 3 (1993–1996), Alan Shearer (all for Blackburn Rovers)[83]
Most consecutive seasons to score at least 25 goals: 4 (1993–1997), Alan Shearer (1993–1996 for Blackburn Rovers, 1996–1997 for Newcastle United)[84]
Most consecutive seasons to score at least 20 goals: 5 (2001–2006), Thierry Henry (all for Arsenal)[84]
Most consecutive seasons to score at least 10 goals: 11 (2004–2015), Wayne Rooney (all for Manchester United)[85]
Most consecutive seasons to score at least 1 goal: 21 (1992–2013), Ryan Giggs (all for Manchester United)[68]
Fastest Premier League hat-trick: 2 minutes 56 seconds, Sadio Mané (for Southampton v. Aston Villa, 16 May 2015)[86]
Most different clubs to score for: 7, Craig Bellamy (for Coventry City, Newcastle United, Blackburn Rovers, Liverpool, West Ham United, Manchester City, Cardiff City)[87]
Most own goals: 10, Richard Dunne[88]
Most own goals in a season: 4, joint record:

Martin Škrtel (2013–14)[89]
Lewis Dunk (2017–18)[90]

Most hat-tricks against a single club: 3, Luis Suárez (for Liverpool v. Norwich City)[91]
Most goals in a calendar month: 10 (December 2013), Luis Suárez (Liverpool)[92]

text: Assists[edit]

text:
Rank
Player
Assists

Most assists (career)

1
 Ryan Giggs
162

2
 Cesc Fàbregas
111

3
 Wayne Rooney
103

4
 Frank Lampard
102

5
 Dennis Bergkamp
94

6
 Steven Gerrard
92

7
 David Beckham
80

8
 James Milner
78

9
 Teddy Sheringham
76

10
 David Silva
75

text:
Most Premier League assists in a season: 20, Thierry Henry (Arsenal, 2002–03)[94]
Most consecutive Premier League matches with an assist: 7, Mesut Özil (for Arsenal, 26 September to 21 November 2015)[95]
Most assists in a single Premier League match: 4, joint record:[96]

Dennis Bergkamp (for Arsenal v. Leicester City, 20 February 1999)
José Antonio Reyes (for Arsenal v. Middlesbrough, 14 January 2006)
Cesc Fàbregas (for Arsenal v. Blackburn Rovers, 4 October 2009)
Emmanuel Adebayor (for Tottenham Hotspur v. Newcastle United, 11 February 2012)
Santi Cazorla (for Arsenal v. Wigan Athletic, 14 May 2013)
Dušan Tadić (for Southampton v. Sunderland, 18 October 2014)[97]

text: Goalkeepers[edit]

text:
Rank
Player
Clean
sheets

Most clean sheets (career)

1
 Petr Čech
200

2
 David James
169

3
 Mark Schwarzer
151

4
 David Seaman
140

5
 Nigel Martyn
137

6
 Pepe Reina
134

7
 Edwin van der Sar
132

 Tim Howard

 Brad Friedel

10
 Peter Schmeichel
128

text:
Most clean sheets in one season: 24, Petr Čech (for Chelsea, 2004–05)[98]
Longest consecutive run without conceding a goal: 14 games (1,311 minutes), Edwin van der Sar (for Manchester United, 2008–09)[99]
Goalscoring goalkeepers (excluding own goals):

Peter Schmeichel (Everton 3–2 Aston Villa, 20 October 2001)[100]
Brad Friedel (Charlton Athletic 3–2 Blackburn Rovers, 21 February 2004)[101]
Paul Robinson (Tottenham Hotspur 3–1 Watford, 17 March 2007)[102]
Tim Howard (Everton 1–2 Bolton Wanderers, 4 January 2012)[103]
Asmir Begović (Stoke City 1–1 Southampton, 2 November 2013)[104]

text: Disciplinary[edit]

text:
Most red cards: 8, joint record:[57]

Duncan Ferguson
Patrick Vieira
Richard Dunne

Most yellow cards for a player: 103, Gareth Barry[69]
Most yellow cards for a single team in one game: 9 (Tottenham Hotspur v. Chelsea, 2 May 2016)[105]
Fouling record: 782, Kevin Davies (since 2000–01, the first season for which reliable records are available)[106]
Longest ban: 12 matches, Joey Barton. After being dismissed for violent conduct, Barton was found guilty of two further separate counts of violent conduct after his dismissal against Manchester City, 23 May 2012[107]

text: Youngest goalscorers[edit]

text: This is a list of the top 10 youngest players to score a goal in the Premier League.[108]

text:
Player
Date
Team
Age
Opposition

1
James Vaughan
10 April 2005
Everton
16 years, 270 days
Crystal Palace

2
James Milner
26 December 2002
Leeds United
16 years, 346 days
Sunderland

3
Wayne Rooney
19 October 2002
Everton
16 years, 351 days
Arsenal

4
Cesc Fàbregas
25 August 2004
Arsenal
17 years, 114 days
Blackburn Rovers

5
Michael Owen
6 May 1997
Liverpool
17 years, 144 days
Wimbledon

6
Andy Turner
5 September 1992
Tottenham
17 years, 166 days
Everton

7
Federico Macheda
5 April 2009
Manchester United
17 years, 226 days
Aston Villa

8
Raheem Sterling
20 October 2012
Liverpool
17 years, 317 days
Reading

9
Mikael Forssell
20 February 1999
Chelsea
17 years, 342 days
Nottingham Forest

10
Danny Cadamarteri
20 September 1997
Everton
17 years, 344 days
Barnsley

text: Match records[edit]

text: Scorelines[edit]

text:
Biggest home win: 9–0, Manchester United v. Ipswich Town (4 March 1995)[109]
Biggest away win: 1–8, Nottingham Forest v. Manchester United (6 February 1999)[109]
Biggest aggregate win: 12–1, joint record:

Blackburn Rovers 7–0 Nottingham Forest (18 November 1995) & Nottingham Forest 1–5 Blackburn Rovers (13 April 1996)
Tottenham Hotspur 9–1 Wigan Athletic (22 November 2009) & Wigan Athletic 0–3 Tottenham Hotspur (21 February 2010)

Biggest loss by reigning champions: 1–6, joint record:[110]

Manchester United 1–6 Manchester City (23 October 2011), after Manchester United won the 2010–11 season
Leicester City 1–6 Tottenham Hotspur (18 May 2017), after Leicester City won the 2015–16 season

Highest scoring: 7–4, Portsmouth v. Reading (29 September 2007)[111]
Highest scoring draw: 5–5, West Bromwich Albion v. Manchester United (19 May 2013)[112]
Highest scoring in the first half: 7 goals, joint record:

Blackburn Rovers 3–4 Leeds United (14 September 1997 – final score; 3–4)[113]
Bradford City 4–3 Derby County (21 April 2000 – final score; 4–4)[114]
Reading 3–4 Manchester United (1 December 2012 – final score; 3–4)[115]

Most individual goal scorers in one game: 9, joint record:

Tottenham Hotspur 4–5 Arsenal (13 November 2004)[116]
Portsmouth 7–4 Reading (29 September 2007)[117]

Most individual goal scorers in one game for the same team: 7, joint record:

Chelsea 8–0 Aston Villa (23 December 2012)[118]
Manchester City 7–0 Norwich City (2 November 2013)[119]
Southampton 8–0 Sunderland (18 October 2014)[120]

text: All-time Premier League table[edit]

text: The all-time Premier League table is a cumulative record of all match results, points and goals of every team that has played in the Premier League since its inception in 1992. The table that follows is accurate as of the start of the 2017–18 season. Teams in bold are part of the 2017–18 Premier League. Numbers in bold are the record (highest either positive or negative) numbers in each column.[121]

text:
Pos.
Club
Seasons
Pld
Win
Draw
Loss
GF
GA
GD
Pts
1st
2nd
3rd
4th
Relegated
Avg
Pts
Best
Pos.

1
Manchester United
25
962
604
209
149
1856
847
1009
2021
13
5
3
1

80.84
1

2
Arsenal
25
962
525
247
190
1698
911
787
1822
3
6
5
7

72.88
1

3
Chelsea
25
962
516
241
205
1645
925
720
1789
5
4
4
2

71.56
1

4
Liverpool
25
962
478
243
241
1601
986
615
1677

3
5
6

67.08
2

5
Tottenham Hotspur
25
962
400
247
315
1406
1231
175
1447

1
1
2

57.88
2

6
Everton
25
962
349
277
336
1259
1207
52
1324

1

52.96
4

7
Aston Villa
24
924
316
275
333
1117
1186
−69
1223

1

1
1
50.96
2

8
Newcastle United
22
844
322
217
305
1168
1140
28
1183

2
2
1
2
53.77
2

9
Manchester City
20
772
327
190
255
1173
925
248
1171
2
2
2
1
2
58.55
1

10
West Ham United
21
806
265
209
332
964
1146
−182
1004

2
47.81
5

11
Blackburn Rovers
18
696
262
184
250
927
907
20
970
1
1

1
2
53.89
1

12
Southampton
18
696
222
187
287
855
966
−111
853

1
47.39
6

13
Leeds United
12
468
189
125
154
641
573
68
692

1
2
1
57.67
3

14
Middlesbrough
15
574
165
169
240
648
794
−146
661[122]

4
44.01
7

15
Sunderland
16
608
153
159
296
612
904
−292
618

4
38.63
7

16
Fulham
13
494
150
136
208
570
697
−127
586

1
45.08
7

17
Bolton Wanderers
13
494
149
128
217
575
745
−170
575

3
44.23
6

18
Leicester City
11
422
130
118
174
516
610
−94
508
1

3
46.18
1

19
West Bromwich Albion
11
418
106
115
197
444
640
−196
433

3
39.36
8

20
Stoke City
9
342
109
97
136
363
457
−94
424

47.11
9

21
Coventry City
9
354
99
112
143
387
490
−103
409

1
45.40
11

22
Sheffield Wednesday
8
316
101
89
126
409
453
−44
392

1
49.00
7

23
Wimbledon
8
316
99
94
123
384
472
−88
391

1
48.88
6

24
Charlton Athletic
8
304
93
82
129
342
442
−100
361

2
45.13
7

25
Norwich City
8
316
89
92
135
365
510
−145
359

1

4
44.88
3

26
Crystal Palace
8
312
86
78
148
329
456
−127
336

4
42.00
10

27
Wigan Athletic
8
304
85
76
143
316
482
−166
331

1
41.38
10

28
Queens Park Rangers
7
278
81
65
132
339
431
−92
308

3
44.00
5

29
Birmingham City
7
266
73
82
111
273
360
−87
301

3
43.00
9

30
Portsmouth
7
266
79
65
122
292
380
−88
293[123]

1
41.90
8

31
Swansea City
6
228
74
57
97
278
327
−49
279

46.50
8

32
Derby County
7
266
68
70
128
271
420
−149
274

2
39.10
8

33
Nottingham Forest
5
198
60
59
79
229
287
−58
239

1

3
47.80
3

34
Ipswich Town
5
202
57
53
92
219
312
−93
224

2
44.80
5

35
Hull City
5
190
41
48
101
181
323
−142
171

3
34.20
16

36
Watford
4
152
34
35
83
144
254
−110
137

2
34.25
13

37
Wolverhampton Wanderers
4
152
32
40
80
156
281
−125
136

2
34.00
15

38
Sheffield United
3
122
32
36
54
128
168
−40
132

2
44.00
14

39
Reading
3
114
32
23
59
136
186
−50
119

2
39.67
8

40
Burnley
3
114
26
25
63
109
190
−81
103

2
34.33
16

41
Oldham Athletic
2
84
22
23
39
105
142
−37
89

1
44.50
19

42
Bournemouth
2
76
23
19
34
100
134
−34
88

44.00
9

43
Bradford City
2
76
14
20
42
68
138
−70
62

1
31.00
17

44
Blackpool
1
38
10
9
19
55
78
−23
39

1
39.00
19

45
Barnsley
1
38
10
5
23
37
82
−45
35

1
35.00
19

46
Cardiff City
1
38
7
9
22
32
74
−42
30

1
30.00
20

47
Swindon Town
1
42
5
15
22
47
100
−53
30

1
30.00
22

48
Brighton & Hove Albion
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

00.00

49
Huddersfield Town
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

00.00

text: League or status at 2017–18:

text:
2017–18 Premier League

2017–18 EFL Championship

2017–18 Football League One

2017–18 Football League Two

Defunct: by a 2007 agreement, neither Milton Keynes Dons nor AFC Wimbledon regards itself as custodian of Wimbledon F.C.'s statistics.[124][125]

text: Managers[edit]

text:
Most Premier League titles: 13, Sir Alex Ferguson (Manchester United) – 1993, 1994, 1996, 1997, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2003, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2011, 2013
Most Premier League Manager of the Month awards: 27, Sir Alex Ferguson
Most consecutive Premier League Manager of the Month awards: 4, Pep Guardiola[126]
Most promotions to the Premier League: 4, Steve Bruce (Birmingham City in 2001–02 and 2006–07 and Hull City in 2012–13 and 2015–16)
Most relegations from the Premier League: 3, Dave Bassett (Sheffield United in 1993–94, Nottingham Forest in 1996–97, and Leicester City in 2001–02)[127]
Longest spell as manager: 21 years, 208 days, Arsène Wenger (Arsenal, 1 October 1996 to present)[128]
Shortest spell as manager (excluding caretakers): 41 days, Les Reed (Charlton Athletic, 14 November 2006 to 24 December 2006)[129]