document_title: Dancing on Ice

question_text: who were the judges on dancing on ice 2014

question_tokens: who were the judges on dancing on ice 2014

text: Dancing on Ice

text: Background and history

text: The series was announced in November 2004 and originally titled Stars on Thin Ice,[1] the show was renamed following the failure of ITV's celebrity oriented 2005 summer schedule. Dancing on Ice is frequently compared to the BBC's Strictly Come Dancing. In 2004, the BBC aired a Strictly special entitled Strictly Ice Dancing at Christmas, which was won by England goalkeeper David Seaman (who was a contestant in series 1 of Dancing on Ice).

text: ITV's show was given a January premiere amidst network doubts about its viability but became a surprise hit in Britain, where it became the third highest rated television show of 2006. It attained an impressive 13 million viewers for the final in March. Britain's best-known ice-skating duo and former Olympic champions Jayne Torvill and Christopher Dean help to train the aspiring dancers, and also appear throughout the show with comments and advice. Head Coach Karen Barber also trains the skaters for the live show.[2] From the beginning, Torvill and Dean opened every episode with a performance, with the exception of the second, third and fourth shows of the fourth series, when Torvill performed alone due to Dean's recovery from a shoulder operation. In 2012 they performed less regularly.

text: Schofield previously presented with Holly Willoughby, with commentary originally from Tony Gubba (later Simon Reed) and voiceovers done by John Sachs. The members of The Ice Panel were originally Karen Barber, Jason Gardiner, Nicky Slater and Robin Cousins, and the fifth judge varied from series to series: Karen Kresge in the first series, Natalia Bestemianova in the second, Ruthie Henshall in the third and fourth and Emma Bunton in the fifth. In series 6, there were only three judges: Gardiner, Cousins and Bunton.

text: During the shows first two series, it ran two supplementary programmes – Dancing on Ice Defrosted, presented by Stephen Mulhern, and Dancing on Ice Exclusive (or Dancing on Ice Extra during series 1) presented by Andi Peters alongside Andrea McLean in series 1 and Ben Shephard in series 2. In mid-2007, it was announced that both shows would not return to accompany the third series as the audience attracted was out of ITV2's target range.[3] As part of ITV's new revamped schedule at the start of 2008, from the third series, the show aired on a Sunday night and featured updated music and new titles as well as redesigned graphics. The series 3 finale was a massive draw, pulling an average 11.7 million viewers (up from 9.6 million the previous year) peaking at 12.6 million viewers over the two-hour slot, up over a million from series 2.[4]

text: The seventh series began on 8 January 2012, with Torvill and Dean as coaches for which they will be paid £250,000 each series.[5] Christine Bleakley was announced as the new co-presenter of the show replacing Holly Willoughby,[6] whilst Katarina Witt and Louie Spence replaced Emma Bunton and Jason Gardiner on the judging panel.[7] On 20 November 2012, it was announced that Gardiner was to return to the panel for the 2013 series, replacing Spence.[8][9] The full judging panel for the 2013 series was revealed on 28 December 2012, with former The Pussycat Dolls singer Ashley Roberts joining and Karen Barber returning to the panel after acting as head coach on the show the previous two years; they joined Gardiner and head judge Robin Cousins on the panel.[10]

text: Cancellation and revival

text: On 21 May 2013, Torvill and Dean announced that they would leave the series after its ninth series in 2014,[11] leading to speculation that the whole show would be axed. On 24 June 2013 it was rumoured that Dancing on Ice may continue after they have left with new coaches,[12] however, on 22 October 2013 it was confirmed that the show would end after its ninth series in 2014.[13]

text: On 4 September 2017, ITV confirmed that the show would return in 2018. Torvill and Dean will return to the show as head judges along with Schofield and Willoughby as presenters.[14] On 19 October 2017, Ashley Banjo was confirmed as a judge.[15] Later that month Gardiner confirmed that he would return to the judging panel.[16] Ashley's brother Jordan Banjo acts as the show's backstage digital host.[17] ITV Racing's betting presenter Matt Chapman was announced as the new commentator on 16 December 2017.[18] However, following the first live show on 7 January, Chapman claimed that he had "quit" the show but it was later confirmed to be a decision by the ITV producers, responding to pressure from the TV audience.[19] Sport commentator Sam Matterface was later confirmed as Chapman's replacement.[20]

text: It was announced on 25 January 2018 that Dancing on Ice would return for an eleventh series in 2019. The presenters, judges and participating celebrities are yet to be confirmed by ITV.[21]

text: Format

text: Each week the celebrities and their partners perform a live ice dance routine. The four/five (as of Series 8) judges (commonly known as the Ice Panel) judge each performance and give a mark between 0.0 and 10.0 (0.0 to 6.0 between series 1 and 5), depending on the performance. These total scores then create a leaderboard which combines with the public vote in order to determine the two lowest placed couples. As this is the case, the pair with the lowest score from the judges can avoid being in the bottom two if the public vote for them.

text: Once the scores and votes are combined to form the final leaderboard for that week's show, the two/three couples at the bottom compete in a final showdown known as the "Skate Off", where they perform their routine again. Once the couples have performed their routines for the judging panel, the judges decide on who deserves to stay and cast their votes, based on their second performance. The couple with the most votes from the judges receives a place in the following week's show, while the couple with the fewest votes leaves the competition. One couple leaves each week, but in series 7, two couples left in one week, due to numbering issues.

text: A live reunion special was staged one week after the end of each season, with all celebrities talking about their experiences during the season, and answering questions from a live studio audience. Torvil and Dean themselves then made a special in-studio appearance towards the end, thanking the contestants, hosts and judges, and of course, the home viewers for their votes.

text: Series overview

text: Nine series have been broadcast, as summarised below.

text:
Series
Start
Finish
Couples
Weeks
Winning celebrity
Winning professional
Presenters
Ice panel
Guest judges

1
14 January 2006
4 March 2006
10
8
Gaynor Faye
Daniel Whiston
Phillip Schofield
Holly Willoughby
Robin Cousins
Karen Barber
Nicky Slater
Jason Gardiner
Karen Kresge
N/A

2
20 January 2007
17 March 2007
11
9
Kyran Bracken
Melanie Lambert
Robin Cousins
Karen Barber
Nicky Slater
Jason Gardiner
Natalia Bestemianova

3
13 January 2008
16 March 2008
13
10
Suzanne Shaw
Matt Evers
Robin Cousins
Karen Barber
Nicky Slater
Jason Gardiner
Ruthie Henshall

4
11 January 2009
22 March 2009
11
Ray Quinn
Maria Filippov

5
10 January 2010
28 March 2010
14
12
Hayley Tamaddon
Daniel Whiston
Robin Cousins
Karen Barber
Nicky Slater
Jason Gardiner
Emma Bunton
Michael Ball (week 6)
Angela Rippon (week 7)

6
9 January 2011
27 March 2011
16
Sam Attwater
Brianne Delcourt
Robin Cousins
Jason Gardiner
Emma Bunton
N/A

7
8 January 2012
25 March 2012
15
Matthew Wolfenden
Nina Ulanova
Phillip Schofield
Christine Bleakley
Robin Cousins
Louie Spence
Katarina Witt

8
6 January 2013
10 March 2013
12
10
Beth Tweddle
Daniel Whiston
Robin Cousins
Karen Barber
Jason Gardiner
Ashley Roberts

9
5 January 2014
9 March 2014
14
Ray Quinn
Maria Filippov
Nicky Slater (weeks 6 & 7)

10
7 January 2018
11 March 2018
12
Jake Quickenden
Vanessa Bauer
Phillip Schofield
Holly Willoughby
Jordan Banjo (Backstage)
Christopher Dean
Jayne Torvill
Jason Gardiner
Ashley Banjo
N/A

text: Presenters, judges and coaches

text:
Presenters gallery

Phillip Schofield
(2006–2014, 2018—)

Holly Willoughby
(2006–2011, 2018—)

Christine Bleakley
(2012–2014)

tag: ul

text:
Series

1
(2006)
2
(2007)
3
(2008)
4
(2009)
5
(2010)
6
(2011)
7
(2012)
8
(2013)
9
(2014)
10
(2018)

Phillip Schofield

Holly Willoughby

Christine Bleakley

Jordan Banjo

Christopher Dean

Jayne Torvill

Robin Cousins

Karen Barber

Nicky Slater

Jason Gardiner

Karen Kresge

Natalia Bestemianova

Ruthie Henshall

Emma Bunton

Louie Spence

Katarina Witt

Ashley Roberts

Ashley Banjo

Michael Ball

Angela Rippon

text: Professionals

text:
[hide]Professional
Series 1
Series 2
Series 3
Series 4
Series 5
Series 6
Series 7
Series 8
Series 9
Series 10

 Pavel Aubrecht
N/A
Ulrika Jonsson
Samantha Mumba
Jessica Taylor
Sharron Davies
N/A

 Vanessa Bauer
N/A
Jake Quickenden

 Victoria Borzenkova
N/A
Tim Vincent
N/A

 Andrew Buchanan
N/A
Anthea Turner
Zaraah Abrahams
N/A

 Brooke Castile
N/A
Corey Feldman
N/A

 Brianne Delcourt
N/A
Kieron Richardson
Sam Attwater
Sébastien Foucan
Matt Lapinskas
Gareth Gates
Alex Beresford

 Matt Evers
Bonnie Langford
Lisa Scott-Lee
Suzanne Shaw
Zoë Salmon
Heather Mills
Denise Welch
Jorgie Porter
Pamela Anderson
Suzanne Shaw
Candice Brown

 Maria Filippov
N/A
Duncan James
Gareth Gates
Ray Quinn
Gary Lucy
Craig McLachlan
Andy Akinwolere
Shayne Ward
Ray Quinn
N/A

 Hamish Gaman
N/A
Perri Shakes-Drayton

 Isabelle Gauthier
N/A
Jeff Brazier
N/A

 Matthew Gonzalez
N/A
Danniella Westbrook
N/A
Charlene Tilton
N/A

 Mark Hanretty
N/A
Nadia Sawalha
Rosemary Conley
Oona King
Injured
Donna Air

 Jodeyne Higgins
N/A
Johnson Beharry
Chico
N/A

 Florentine Houdinière
N/A
Donal MacIntyre
N/A

 Marika Humphreys
Sean Wilson
N/A

 Ale Izquierdo
N/A
Max Evans

 Robin Johnstone
N/A
Gareth Thomas
Joe Pasquale
N/A

 Melanie Lambert
N/A
Kyran Bracken
Michael Underwood
Michael Underwood
Mikey Graham
N/A

 Melody Le Moal
N/A
Lemar

 Kristina Lenko
Stefan Booth
Stephen Gately
Greg Rusedski
Graeme Le Saux
N/A

 Andrei Lipanov
N/A
Clare Buckfield
Natalie Pinkham
Gemma Bissix
Sinitta
N/A
Heidi Range
N/A
Bonnie Langford
N/A

 Susie Lipanova
N/A
Steve Backley
Todd Carty
Jeremy Sheffield
N/A

 Sylvain Longchambon
N/A
Jennifer Metcalfe
Injured
Samia Ghadie
Jorgie Porter
Stephanie Waring

 Brandee Malto
N/A
Antony Cotton

 Sergey Malyshev
Tamara Beckwith
N/A
Aggie MacKenzie
N/A

 Molly Moenkhoff
N/A
Bobby Davro
N/A

 Alex Murphy
N/A
Kem Cetinay

 Darya Nucci
N/A
Jeremy Edwards
N/A

 Pam O'Connor
David Seaman
Neil Fox
N/A

 Vicky Ogden
N/A
Andy Whyment
Joe Pasquale
Sam Attwater
N/A

 Fred Palascak
N/A
Kay Burley
Sarah Greene
Melinda Messenger
Emily Atack
N/A

Zaraah Abrahams

 Natalia Pestova
N/A
Phil Gayle
N/A

 Frankie Poultney
N/A
Lee Sharpe
Chris Fountain
Ellery Hanley
Danny Young
Comedy Dave
Mark Rhodes
N/A
David Seaman
N/A

 Colin Ratushniak
N/A
Laura Hamilton
N/A

 Sean Rice
N/A
Angela Rippon
Chemmy Alcott
N/A

 Łukasz Różycki
N/A
Elen Rivas
Laila Morse
N/A
Beth Tweddle
N/A

 Todd Sand
Kelly Holmes
N/A

 Alexandra Schauman
N/A
Dr. Hilary Jones
Dominic Cork
Sam Nixon
N/A
Todd Carty
N/A

 Tamara Sharp
Andi Peters
N/A

 Olga Sharutenko
John Barrowman
N/A
Keith Chegwin
N/A

 Matej Silecky
N/A
Brooke Vincent

 Jenna Smith
N/A
Luke Campbell
N/A

 Katie Stainsby
N/A
Vanilla Ice
N/A
Gary Lucy
N/A

 Nina Ulanova
N/A
Steven Arnold
Matthew Wolfenden
N/A
Kyran Bracken
N/A

 Doug Webster
Andrea McLean
N/A

 Daniel Whiston
Gaynor Faye
Emily Symons
Linda Lusardi
Roxanne Pallett
Hayley Tamaddon
Kerry Katona
Jennifer Ellison
Beth Tweddle
Hayley Tamaddon
Cheryl Baker

 Stuart Widdall
N/A
Coleen Nolan
Tana Ramsay
N/A

 Michael Zenezini
N/A
Chloe Madeley
N/A
Lauren Goodger
N/A

text: Required elements

text: From Series 1 to 8, there was an element that the skaters were required to perform as part of their routines. These required elements included:

text:
Assisted and unassisted jumps
Use of a prop
Forming a spiral position
Flying above the ice, suspended by a harness
A one footed spin
Shadow steps
Classic moves of Torvill and Dean, sometimes with a choice between them
Cross rolls
Toe step sequences
Pair spin
One unique move
Solo skate
Change of edge

text: As of Series 9, the required skating elements format has been removed.

text: Main series results

text: Series 1 (2006)

text: The first series began on Saturday 14 January 2006 and ended on Saturday 4 March 2006, including ten celebrity skaters. The co-presenters were Phillip Schofield and Holly Willoughby, while The Ice Panel consisted of one-time World Junior Figure Skating champion Nicky Slater, choreographer Karen Kresge, theatre producer Jason Gardiner, two-time NHK Trophy champion Karen Barber and 1980 Olympic champion Robin Cousins.

text: The contestants for the first series were:

text:
Celebrity
Known for
Professional partner
Status

Tamara Beckwith
Socialite
Sergey Malyshev
Eliminated 1st

Andi Peters
TV presenter
Tamara Sharp
Eliminated 2nd

Andrea McLean
TV presenter
Doug Webster
Eliminated 3rd

John Barrowman
Actor & singer
Olga Sharutenko
Eliminated 4th

Sean Wilson
Actor
Marika Humphreys
Eliminated 5th

Kelly Holmes
Olympic middle distance runner
Todd Sand
Eliminated 6th

David Seaman
Retired footballer
Pam O'Connor
Eliminated 7th

Bonnie Langford
Actress
Matt Evers
Third place

Stefan Booth
Actor & singer
Kristina Lenko
Runner-up

Gaynor Faye
Actress
Daniel Whiston
Winner

text: Series 2 (2007)

text: The second series began on Saturday 20 January 2007. In it, 11 celebrities competed, compared to ten in the first series. The final was held on Saturday 17 March 2007. Phillip Schofield and Holly Willoughby returned to co-present, while Nicky Slater, Jason Gardiner, Karen Barber and Robin Cousins returned to The Ice Panel. Karen Kresge did not return as a judge for a second series and was replaced by five-time European champion Natalia Bestemianova.

text: The contestants for the second series were:

text:
Celebrity
Known for
Professional partner
Status

Neil Fox
TV & radio presenter
Pam O'Connor
Eliminated 1st

Phil Gayle
Journalist & TV presenter
Natalia Pestova
Eliminated 2nd

Ulrika Jonsson
TV presenter
Pavel Aubrecht
Eliminated 3rd

Stephen Gately
Singer (Boyzone)
Kristina Lenko
Eliminated 4th

Kay Burley
TV presenter
Fred Palascak
Eliminated 5th

Lisa Scott-Lee
Singer (Steps)
Matt Evers
Eliminated 6th

Lee Sharpe
Footballer
Frankie Poultney
Eliminated 7th

Emily Symons
Actress
Daniel Whiston
Eliminated 8th

Duncan James
Singer (Blue)
Maria Filippov
Third place

Clare Buckfield
Actress
Andrei Lipanov
Second place

Kyran Bracken
Rugby player
Melanie Lambert
Winner

text: Series 3 (2008)

text: The commissioning of the third series of Dancing on Ice was first confirmed by Phillip Schofield at the BAFTA awards.[22] The third series began on 13 January 2008, moving to Sunday nights in the process and ended on 16 March 2008, when Suzanne Shaw was crowned as the winner. Schofield and Holly Willoughby returned to co-present, while Nicky Slater, Jason Gardiner and Robin Cousins returned to The Ice Panel. The third series saw the replacement of judge Natalia Bestemianova by West End star Ruthie Henshall. And for the first time in the history of the series, a contestant withdrew due to injury, and it was TV presenter Michael Underwood who did so.[23]

text: The contestants for the third series were:

text:
Celebrity
Known for
Professional partner
Status

Sarah Greene
TV presenter
Fred Palascak
Eliminated 1st

Natalie Pinkham
TV presenter
Andrei Lipanov
Eliminated 2nd

Michael Underwood
TV presenter
Melanie Lambert
Withdrew

Samantha Mumba
Singer
Pavel Aubrecht
Eliminated 3rd

Aggie MacKenzie
TV presenter
Sergey Malyshev
Eliminated 4th

Tim Vincent
TV presenter
Victoria Borzenkova
Eliminated 5th

Steve Backley
Olympic javelin thrower
Susie Lipanova
Eliminated 6th

Linda Lusardi
Model & actress
Daniel Whiston
Eliminated 7th

Greg Rusedski
Tennis player
Kristina Lenko
Eliminated 8th

Gareth Gates
Singer
Maria Filippov
Eliminated 9th

Zaraah Abrahams
Actress
Fred Palascak
Third place

Chris Fountain
Actor
Frankie Poultney
Runner-up

Suzanne Shaw
Singer (Hear'Say)
Matt Evers
Winner

text: Series 4 (2009)

text: The fourth series started on 11 January 2009 and ended on 22 March 2009. Phillip Schofield and Holly Willoughby returned to co-present as well as Jayne Torvill, Christopher Dean and Karen Barber to mentor the celebrities. Barber, Nicky Slater, Jason Gardiner, Robin Cousins and Ruthie Henshall all returned to The Ice Panel for the fourth series.

text: The contestants for the fourth series were:

text:
Celebrity
Known for
Professional partner
Status

Graeme Le Saux
Former footballer
Kristina Lenko
Eliminated 1st
(Men's round)

Gemma Bissix
Actress
Andrei Lipanov
Eliminated 2nd
(Women's round)

Jeremy Edwards
Actor
Darya Nucci
Eliminated 3rd

Michael Underwood
TV presenter
Melanie Lambert
Eliminated 4th

Todd Carty
Actor
Susie Lipanova
Eliminated 5th

Ellery Hanley
Rugby player
Frankie Poultney
Eliminated 6th

Melinda Messenger
Model & TV presenter
Fred Palascak
Eliminated 7th

Roxanne Pallett
Actress
Daniel Whiston
Eliminated 8th

Zöe Salmon
TV presenter
Matt Evers
Eliminated 9th

Coleen Nolan
Singer & TV presenter
Stuart Widdall
Eliminated 10th

Jessica Taylor
Singer (Liberty X)
Pavel Aubrecht
Third place

Donal MacIntyre
Journalist
Florentine Houdinière
Runner-up

Ray Quinn
Singer & actor
Maria Filippov
Winner

text: Series 5 (2010)

text: The fifth series began on 10 January 2010 and ended on 28 March 2010. Jayne Torvill, Christopher Dean and Karen Barber returned to train the celebrities, with Phillip Schofield and Holly Willoughby returning as co-presenters. Barber, Nicky Slater, Jason Gardiner and Robin Cousins returned for their fifth series on The Ice Panel. However, Ruthie Henshall did not return for her third series on The Ice Panel and was replaced by singer Emma Bunton. In addition to the main show, there was also a new spin-off show called Dancing on Ice Friday which gives viewers the insight to the training of the celebrities. It was presented by Ben Shephard and former contestant Coleen Nolan and broadcast from 8 pm to 8.30 pm on Friday evenings on ITV.

text: Cousins did not appear as a judge for weeks 6 and 7 due to commentary commitments for the Winter Olympics, so Barber was temporary head judge during Cousins's absence. Michael Ball took his place on 14 February and Angela Rippon filled in for him on 21 February.

text: The contestants for the fifth series were:

text:
Celebrity
Known for
Professional partner
Status

Sinitta
Singer
Andrei Lipanov
Eliminated 1st
(Women's round)

Bobby Davro
Comedian
Molly Moenkhoff
Eliminated 2nd
(Men's round)

Jeremy Sheffield
Actor
Susie Lipanova
Eliminated 3rd

Tana Ramsay
TV presenter
Stuart Widdall
Eliminated 4th

Heather Mills
Businesswoman & activist
Matt Evers
Eliminated 5th

Dr. Hilary Jones
TV presenter
Alexandra Schauman
Eliminated 6th

Sharron Davies
Former Olympic swimmer
Pavel Aubrecht
Eliminated 7th

Emily Atack
Actress
Fred Palascak
Eliminated 8th

Mikey Graham
Singer (Boyzone)
Melanie Lambert
Eliminated 9th

Danny Young
Actor
Frankie Poultney
Eliminated 10th

Danniella Westbrook
Actress
Matthew Gonzalez
Eliminated 11th

Kieron Richardson
Actor
Brianne Delcourt
Third place

Gary Lucy
Actor
Maria Filippov
Second place

Hayley Tamaddon
Actress
Daniel Whiston
Winner

text: Series 6 (2011)

text: The sixth series started on 9 January 2011 and ended on 27 March 2011 with the following 16 celebrities taking part. Although 16 celebrities are confirmed to take part, in a shocking twist, the first two episodes were qualifying rounds, in each of which eight couples skated and two were eliminated, so that only 12 couples reached the competition proper. For the first time, viewers in the Republic of Ireland were able to vote via the TV3 Ireland website.[24] Christopher Dean and Jayne Torvill returned to mentor the contestants, with Karen Barber moving from The Ice Panel to the role of head coach. Phillip Schofield and Holly Willoughby returned as co-presenters for their sixth series. Jason Gardiner, Robin Cousins and Emma Bunton returned to The Ice Panel, but Nicky Slater did not.

text: The contestants for the sixth series are:

text:
Celebrity
Known for
Professional partner
Status

Angela Rippon
TV presenter
Sean Rice
Did not qualify
(Qualifying round 1)

Nadia Sawalha
Actress & TV presenter
Mark Hanretty

Craig McLachlan
Actor
Maria Filippov
Did not qualify
(Qualifying round 2)

Elen Rivas
Model
Łukasz Różycki

Steven Arnold
Actor
Nina Ulanova
Eliminated 1st

Dominic Cork
Cricketer
Alexandra Schauman
Eliminated 2nd

Jennifer Metcalfe
Actress
Sylvain Longchambon
Eliminated 3rd

Comedy Dave
Radio DJ
Frankie Poultney
Eliminated 4th

Kerry Katona
Singer (Atomic Kitten)
Daniel Whiston
Eliminated 5th

Vanilla Ice
Rapper
Katie Stainsby
Eliminated 6th

Denise Welch
Actress & TV presenter
Matt Evers
Eliminated 7th

Jeff Brazier
TV presenter
Isabelle Gauthier
Eliminated 8th

Johnson Beharry
Soldier
Jodeyne Higgins
Eliminated 9th

Chloe Madeley
Model & TV presenter
Michael Zenezini
Third place

Laura Hamilton
TV presenter
Colin Ratushniak
Second place

Sam Attwater
Actor
Brianne Delcourt
Winner

text: Series 7 (2012)

text: The seventh series started on 8 January 2012.[25] The celebrities were revealed on 3 January 2012.[26] Phillip Schofield returned as presenter and was joined by Christine Bleakley following the departure of Holly Willoughby, with Christopher Dean, Jayne Torvill and Karen Barber returning to mentor the celebrities. Robin Cousins was the only judge from series 6 to return, with six consecutive European champion Katarina Witt and choreographer Louie Spence replacing Emma Bunton and Jason Gardiner.

text: The contestants for the seventh series are as follows. Singer Chesney Hawkes was originally part of the line-up, but withdrew after sustaining an injury. His replacement was The X Factor contestant Chico Slimani.[27]

text:
Celebrity
Known for
Professional partner
Status

Andy Akinwolere
TV presenter
Maria Filippov
Eliminated 1st

Laila Morse
Actress
Łukasz Różycki
Eliminated 2nd

Mark Rhodes
TV presenter
Frankie Poultney
Eliminated 3rd

Corey Feldman
Actor
Brooke Castile
Eliminated 4th

Charlene Tilton
Actress
Matthew Gonzalez
Eliminated 5th

Rosemary Conley
Businesswoman & author
Mark Hanretty
Eliminated 6th

Sébastien Foucan
Freerunner
Brianne Delcourt
Eliminated 7th

Heidi Range
Singer (Sugababes)
Andrei Lipanov
Eliminated 8th

Sam Nixon
TV presenter
Alexandra Schauman
Eliminated 9th

Andy Whyment
Actor
Vicky Ogden
Eliminated 10th

Chemmy Alcott
Alpine ski racer
Sean Rice
Eliminated 11th

Jennifer Ellison
Actress
Daniel Whiston
Eliminated 12th

Chico Slimani
Singer
Jodeyne Higgins
Third place

Jorgie Porter
Actress
Matt Evers
Second place

Matthew Wolfenden
Actor
Nina Ulanova
Winner

text: Series 8 (2013)

text: The eighth series started on 6 January 2013.[28]

text: The line-up was officially announced on 18 December 2012.[29][30] Consisting of twelve couples, series 8 was the shortest series to air, and had the lowest number of couples since series 3 in 2008.

text: Christopher Dean, Jayne Torvill and Karen Barber returned to mentor the celebrities, with Barber returning to The Ice Panel after two series away. Phillip Schofield and Christine Bleakley returned to co-present. Head judge Robin Cousins and Barber were joined on The Ice Panel by former judge Jason Gardiner and former The Pussycat Dolls singer Ashley Roberts, who replaced Louie Spence and Katarina Witt.

text:
Celebrity
Known for
Professional partner
Status

Pamela Anderson
Actress
Matt Evers
Eliminated 1st

Lauren Goodger
Reality TV star
Michael Zenezini
Eliminated 2nd

Oona King
Politician
Mark Hanretty
Eliminated 3rd

Anthea Turner
TV presenter
Andrew Buchanan
Eliminated 4th

Shayne Ward
Singer
Maria Filippov
Eliminated 5th

Joe Pasquale
Comedian
Vicky Ogden
Eliminated 6th

Keith Chegwin
TV presenter
Olga Sharutenko
Eliminated 7th

Samia Ghadie
Actress
Sylvain Longchambon
Eliminated 8th

Gareth Thomas
Retired rugby player
Robin Johnstone
Withdrew

Luke Campbell
Boxer
Jenna Smith
Third place

Matt Lapinskas
Actor
Brianne Delcourt
Second place

Beth Tweddle
Olympic gymnast
Daniel Whiston
Winner

text: Series 9: All–Stars (2014)

text: The ninth series of Dancing on Ice began airing on 5 January 2014. It was announced on 21 May 2013 by Christopher Dean and Jayne Torvill that it would be their last time as coaches, and ITV's Director of Television, Peter Fincham, confirmed that the programme would be cancelled after this.[11] On 24 June 2013, it was reported that Dancing on Ice could continue with new coaches,[12] however, on 22 October 2013 it was confirmed that this series will be the show's last series.[13]

text: It was later announced that the ninth series would be an "all–star" series, featuring former winners and other contestants from the eight previous series.[31] The 14-strong line up was revealed on 11 December 2013, included 6 former champions, 6 other top-four finishers, plus Joe Pasquale and Todd Carty.[32][33]

text: Phillip Schofield and Christine Bleakley returned to co-present. Dean, Torvill and Karen Barber returned to mentor the celebrities. Robin Cousins, Jason Gardiner, Barber and Ashley Roberts returned for their respective ninth, eighth, seventh and second series on The Ice Panel. Cousins was absent for weeks 6 and 7 due to commentating the 2014 Winter Olympics, so former judge Nicky Slater returned in his place and Barber was temporary head judge.

text:
Celebrity
Original series
Professional partner
Status

Jorgie Porter
Series 7 – 2nd
Sylvain Longchambon
Eliminated 1st

Joe Pasquale
Series 8 – 7th
Robin Johnstone
Eliminated 2nd

David Seaman
Series 1 – 4th
Frankie Poultney
Eliminated 3rd

Gary Lucy
Series 5 – 2nd
Katie Stainsby
Eliminated 4th

Todd Carty
Series 4 – 9th
Alexandra Schauman
Eliminated 5th

Zaraah Abrahams
Series 3 – 3rd
Andrew Buchanan
Eliminated 6th

Bonnie Langford
Series 1 – 3rd
Andrei Lipanov
Eliminated 7th

Gareth Gates
Series 3 – 4th
Brianne Delcourt
Eliminated 8th

Suzanne Shaw
Series 3 – 1st
Matt Evers
Eliminated 9th

Kyran Bracken
Series 2 – 1st
Nina Ulanova
Eliminated 10th

Sam Attwater
Series 6 – 1st
Vicky Ogden
Eliminated 11th

Beth Tweddle
Series 8 – 1st
Łukasz Różycki
Third place

Hayley Tamaddon
Series 5 – 1st
Daniel Whiston
Runner up

Ray Quinn
Series 4 – 1st
Maria Filippov
Winner

text: Series 10 (2018)

text: On 4 September 2017, it was announced on This Morning that Dancing on Ice would return with Willoughby and Schofield as presenters, and Torvill and Dean returning in new roles of head judges. It was also revealed that Jason Gardiner would be returning to the Ice Panel, along with Diversity member Ashley Banjo. With the announcement of the new series it was confirmed that the show would have a new set, new graphics, a new logo and a new theme tune, including the contestants and professionals faces for the first time.[34] The show's new logo was released on the official Twitter account.[35] The series will be filmed at RAF Bovingdon.[36]

text:
Celebrity
Known for
Professional partner
Status

Candice Brown
The Great British Bake Off winner
Matt Evers
Eliminated 1st

Stephanie Waring
Actress
Sylvain Longchambon
Eliminated 2nd

Perri Shakes-Drayton
Athlete
Hamish Gaman
Eliminated 3rd

Cheryl Baker
Singer (Bucks Fizz) & TV presenter
Daniel Whiston
Eliminated 4th

Lemar
Singer, songwriter & producer
Melody Le Moal
Eliminated 5th

Antony Cotton
Actor
Brandee Malto
Eliminated 6th & 7th

Donna Air
Actress & TV presenter
Mark Hanretty

Alex Beresford
Weather forecaster
Brianne Delcourt
Eliminated 8th

Kem Cetinay
Reality TV star
Alex Murphy
Eliminated 9th

Max Evans
Rugby union player
Ale Izquierdo
Third place

Brooke Vincent
Actress
Matej Silecky
Runner-up

Jake Quickenden
Singer & reality TV star
Vanessa Bauer
Winner

text: Series 11 (2019)

text: Series averages

text: All information in this table comes from BARB.[37] including figures from ITV+1 and ITV HD channels

text:
Series
Day
# Ep.
Premiere
Final
Aired
Average viewers
(in millions)

Date
Viewers
(in millions)
Date
Viewers
(in millions)

1
Saturdays
16
14 January 2006
9.83
4 March 2006
11.68
2006
9.12

2
18
20 January 2007
9.08
17 March 2007
9.14
2007
8.00

3
Sundays
20
13 January 2008
9.34
16 March 2008
12.08
2008
8.93

4
22
11 January 2009
8.83
22 March 2009
11.31
2009
8.86

5
23
10 January 2010
9.64
28 March 2010
9.42
2010
8.28

6
23
9 January 2011
10.23
27 March 2011
9.35
2011
8.15

7
23
8 January 2012
8.42
25 March 2012
7.01
2012
6.63

8
19
6 January 2013
7.49
10 March 2013
7.36
2013
6.32

9
19
5 January 2014
6.76
9 March 2014
5.98
2014
5.04

10
10
7 January 2018
8.56
11 March 2018

2018

text: Awards

text:
Year
Group
Award
Result
Reference(s)

2006
National Television Awards
Most Popular Entertainment Programme
Nominated

2007
National Television Awards
Most Popular Talent Show
Nominated

2008
National Television Awards
Most Popular Talent Show
Nominated

TV Quick Awards
Best Talent Show
Nominated

2009
National Television Awards
Most Popular Talent Show
Nominated

TV Quick Awards
Best Talent Show
Nominated

RTS Craft & Design Award
Best Costume Design
Won

RTS Craft & Design Award
Best Multicamera Work
Nominated

2010
RTS Craft & Design Award
Best Costume Design
Nominated

2011
National Television Awards
Most Popular Talent Show
Nominated

RTS Craft & Design Award
Best Costume Design
Nominated

2012
National Television Awards
Most Popular Talent Show
Nominated

2013
National Television Awards
Most Popular Talent Show
Nominated
[38]

2014
National Television Awards
Most Popular Talent Show
Nominated

TRIC Awards
TRIC Special Award
Won

text: Guest singers

text:
Series 2 – Week 6: Take That with "Shine" and "Patience"[39]
Series 3 – Week 3: Westlife with "World of Our Own" and "Us Against The World"[40]
Series 3 – Week 9: Leona Lewis with "Footprints in the Sand" and "Better in Time"[41]
Series 4 – Week 5: Bette Midler with "From a Distance"
Series 4 – Week 7: Will Young with "Let It Go"
Series 4 – Week 10: Girls Aloud with "Untouchable"
Series 5 – Week 2: The Saturdays with "Ego"
Series 5 – Week 5: Mumford & Sons with "The Cave"
Series 5 – Week 5: Pixie Lott with "Use Somebody" and "Cry Me Out"[42][43]
Series 5 – Week 8: Katherine Jenkins and Andrew Lloyd Webber with "Love Never Dies"
Series 5 – Week 11: Alexandra Burke with "All Night Long"
Series 6 – Qualifying Week 2: Ellie Goulding with "Your Song"
Series 6 – Week 5: Rumer with "What the World Needs Now Is Love"
Series 6 – Week 7: Nicole Scherzinger with "Don't Hold Your Breath"
Series 6 – Week 8 & 10: The Overtones (house band for week 10)
Series 7 – Week 2: Pixie Lott with "Kiss the Stars"
Series 7 – Week 4: Christina Perri with "Jar of Hearts"
Series 7 – Week 5: One Direction with "What Makes You Beautiful" and "One Thing"
Series 7 – Week 10: Marcus Collins with "Seven Nation Army"
Series 8 – Week 3: Little Mix with "Change Your Life"
Series 8 – Week 7: Olly Murs with "Army of Two"
Series 8 – Week 8: Jools Holland and Rumer
Series 9 – Week 4: Rebecca Ferguson with "In My Life" (with Torvill and Dean) and "All That I've Got" (with professional skaters)
Series 9 – Semi-final: Kodaline with "High Hopes"
Series 10 – Week 7: Camila Cabello with "Never Be the Same"

text: Spin-offs

text: Like many other reality TV shows, Dancing on Ice has had a number of supplementary shows. The first was Dancing on Ice Defrosted. It was presented by Stephen Mulhern and aired on ITV2 immediately after the main ITV show and again after the results show. The show featured opinions from celebrity guests and past contestants as well as from Torvill and Dean, the judges, presenters and competitors. Judge Nicky Slater also offered in-depth analysis of various performances using the latest video technology that the judges use to judge performances.

text: The second spin-off show was originally called Dancing on Ice Extra and was presented by Andi Peters and Andrea McLean, both competitors in the first series. Midway through the first series Paul O'Grady left ITV to join Channel 4 meaning that ITV had no show to put on air at 5 pm. The format of Dancing on Ice Defrosted was modified so that it could be broadcast every weekday. Due to Andrea's maternity leave during the second series she did not return to present the show and therefore Ben Shephard joined the show as the anchor presenter, and, unlike during the previous, series Andi Peters was now a roving reporter around the studio. For its second run the show was renamed Dancing on Ice Exclusive.

text: Neither of these first two spin-off shows returned in 2008 nor 2009.

text: In 2010 it was announced that a new spin-off show would accompany Dancing on Ice, named Dancing on Ice Friday, presented by Ben Shephard and Coleen Nolan.

text: Champion of Champions (2007)

text: This took place on Saturday 24 March 2007 and featured finalists from both Series 1 and Series 2. All six celebrities did one routine each, scored by the judges, and then voted on by the public. The two couples finishing first after the public voted skated again in the skate off to decide the winner. The skaters that did not reach the skate off – 3rd to 6th – were announced "in no particular order", so ranks may not be accurate.

text:
Place
Celebrity
Partner
Position on Dancing on Ice
Score

1st
Kyran Bracken
Melanie Lambert
Series 2 winner
6.0+6.0+5.5+6.0+6.0= 29.5

2nd
Clare Buckfield
Andrei Lipanov
Series 2 runner-up
5.5+5.5+4.5+5.0+5.5=26.0

3rd
Bonnie Langford
Matt Evers
Series 1 third place (final)
5.0+5.5+5.5+5.5+5.0=26.5

4th
Duncan James
Maria Filippov
Series 2 third place (final)
4.5+5.5+5.5+5.5+5.0=26.0

5th
Gaynor Faye
Daniel Whiston
Series 1 winner
5.0+5.5+5.0+5.0+5.0=25.5

6th
Stefan Booth
Kristina Lenko
Series 1 runner-up
4.5+5.0+4.0+4.5+4.5= 22.5

text: Dancing on Ice at Christmas (2008)

text: For Christmas 2008, Torvill and Dean went head to head with Jayne Torvill having a team of three female celebrities, and Christopher Dean having a team of three male celebrities. The judges were the usual line-up of Robin Cousins, Ruthie Henshall, Jason Gardiner, Karen Barber and Nicky Slater. Holly Willoughby and Phillip Schofield presented the 90-minute programme.

text:
Place
Celebrity
Partner
Position on Dancing on Ice
Score

1st
Suzanne Shaw
Matt Evers
Series 3 winner
6.0+6.0+6.0+6.0+6.0= 30.0

2nd
Chris Fountain
Frankie Poultney
Series 3 runner-up
6.0+6.0+5.0+5.5+5.5=28.0

3rd
Kyran Bracken
Melanie Lambert
Series 2 winner
5.5+5.5+5.0+5.5+5.5=27.0

4th
Clare Buckfield
Pavel Aubrecht
Series 2 runner-up
5.5+5.5+4.5+5.0+5.5=26.0

5th
Duncan James
Maria Filippov
Series 2 third place
5.0+5.0+5.0+5.0+4.5=24.5

6th
Zaraah Abrahams
Fred Palascak
Series 3 third place
5.0+4.5+4.5+5.0+5.0= 24.0

text: Team Torvill scored 80 points to Team Dean's 79.5 and won the show by also receiving the majority of the audience votes.

text: Suzanne Shaw received the perfect score of 30 for the third time in a row. In her last two appearances on the show she has picked up the trophy.

text: Dancing on Ice: Make Me a Star (2008)

text: A 30-minute prime time spin-off to Dancing on Ice premiered on 26 January 2008 and ran for a few episodes, presented solely by Holly Willoughby. This both showed some exclusive footage of the celebrities training for the Sunday night main show and followed Torvill and Dean on the search for a member of the public to perform on the Dancing on Ice final in 2009.[44]

text: Shows:

text:
Kyran Bracken skated with his new partner (they have been on Holiday on Ice)
David Seaman and Melanie Lambert showed what to expect on the Tour
Clare Buckfield and Andrei Lipanov did a new performance of "Reach"

text: Dancing on Ice: Ice Star (2009)

text: This was shown after the announcement of the bottom two had been made but before the skate off. It showed Torvill and Dean's search for an entertainment act on ice, with auditions from all kinds of ice skaters. The winner skated live on the Dancing on Ice 2009 final and join Torvill and Dean on tour.

text: From a shortlist of 20 acts, Torvill and Dean invited only 4 back to give another performance in the Dancing on Ice studio. The final 4 were:

text:
Hannah and Daniel – Child pairs skaters
Nick Rigby – Figure skater
The Oxford Freestylers – Stunt and trick performers
The Elody – Skating girlband

text: The best skater to slip through the net was Grimsby born Daniel Bennett who initially impressed Christopher Dean on his first audition. Controversially however Jane Torvil denied him entry after his cataclismic fall on the quarter finals just metres away from the legendary skating duo.

text: The Oxford Freestylers won and performed live on the Dancing on Ice 2009 final.

text: Dancing on Ice Goes Gold (2012)

text: An Olympic special aired on 22 July 2012, before the London 2012 Summer Olympics. It featured medal-winning Olympic athletes.

text: The one-off special featured the judges from series 7, with Phillip Schofield and Christine Bleakley returning as presenters. Torvill & Dean unveiled a new and specially-crafted performance. Head judge, Robin Cousins also performed a solo routine for first time in twelve years.

text:
Olympian
Sport
Medals
Professional partner
Judges scores
Status

Steve Williams OBE
Rowing
Gold, Coxless Four (Athens 2004, Beijing 2008)
Katie Stainsby
9.5, 9.5, 10.0 = 29.0
Gold (Winner)

Olga Korbut
Gymnastics
4 Gold & 2 Silver (Munich 1972, Montreal 1976)
Matthew Gonzalez
10.0, 9.0, 9.5 = 28.5
Silver (2nd place)

Pippa Wilson MBE
Sailing
Gold, Yngling sailing (Beijing 2008)
Mark Hanretty
9.0, 9.5, 9.5 = 28.0
Bronze (3rd place)

Gail Emms MBE
Badminton
Silver, Mixed Doubles (Athens 2004)
Łukasz Różycki
9.0, 9.0, 9.5 = 27.5
Eliminated

Colin Jackson CBE
Hurdling, Sprinting
Silver, 110m Hurdles (Seoul Olympics 1988)
Frankie Poultney
9.0, 8.5, 9.0 = 26.5
Eliminated

Jamie Baulch
Sprinting
Silver, 4 × 400 m relay (Atlanta 1996)
Maria Filippov
8.5, 8.5, 9.0 = 26.0
Eliminated

Tessa Sanderson CBE
Javelin
Gold (LA 1984)
Yannick Bonheur
7.5, 7.5, 8.0 = 23.0
Eliminated

text: The judges scores were added to the studio audiences votes to decide the winner. No public vote took place, as the programme was recorded earlier in the year.

text: Dancing on Ice Friday (2010)

text: A brand new spin-off show for the 2010 series of Dancing on Ice, appropriately called Dancing on Ice Friday, gave viewers the insight to the training of the celebrities over the last week. It was presented by television presenter Ben Shephard and former contestant and Loose Women star Coleen Nolan. The show was broadcast from 8 pm to 8.30 pm on Friday evenings on ITV throughout the duration of the main shows season. STV who broadcast the main show did not broadcast this on the Friday evening but after repeating the previous week's main show on the following Saturday afternoon.

text: Due to poor ratings, Dancing on Ice Friday was axed prior to the 2011 series.

text: Studio set and ice rink

text: The show was based in the George Lucas Stage at Elstree Studios from 2006 to 2010. In 2011 the show was broadcast from Shepperton Studios. In 2012 it returned to Elstree with a new, more modern set.

text: There were several areas of the Elstree studio. The Tunnel was to the left of the rink and was where the couples entered the rink. The Ice Cave was situated at the back of the rink and was where Phillip Schofield stood to interview the couples. The Judges and Contestants Area was to the right of the rink and was where the judging panel were based, and where Holly Willoughby or Christine Bleakley stood to speak to them and the couples. The ice rink measured 30 × 15m.

text: For the 2018 revival series the show was relocated to a purpose-built studio at RAF Bovingdon.[45]

text: Dancing on Ice: The Tour

text: Merchandise

text:
A DVD, featuring highlights from Series 1, and a CD, containing music from Series 1, were released shortly after it ended. A highlights DVD for Series 2 was released on 2 April 2007 and a Series 3 highlights DVD was released on 7 April 2008. There is a Series 4 DVD in The Series 1–5 Boxset; you can`t buy it by itself. The Series 5 Highlights DVD was released on 12 April 2010 and the Live Tour 2010 DVD was released on 29 November 2010. A compilation boxset of highlights of Series 1–5 has also been released.
The Live Tours are also filmed at a different location each year by Live Nation UK Ltd who own the rights to the tours and released on DVD by Universal Media. The Live 25th Bolero Anniversary Tour DVD was released in November 2009.


document_title: Some Like It Hot

question_text: where does some like it hot take place

question_tokens: where does some like it hot take place

root

text: Some Like It Hot

text: Plot[edit]

text: It is February 1929 in the city of Chicago, during the era of prohibition. Joe (Tony Curtis) is an irresponsible jazz saxophone player, gambler and ladies' man; his friend Jerry (Jack Lemmon) is a sensible jazz double-bass player; both are working in a speakeasy (disguised as a funeral home) owned by mob gangster "Spats" Colombo (George Raft). When the joint is raided by the police after being tipped off by informant "Toothpick" Charlie (George E. Stone), Joe and Jerry flee—only to accidentally witness Spats and his henchmen exacting his revenge on "Toothpick" and his own gang (inspired by the real-life Saint Valentine's Day Massacre). Penniless and in a mad rush to get out of town, the two musicians take a job with Sweet Sue (Joan Shawlee) and her Society Syncopators, an all-female band headed to Miami. Disguised as women and renaming themselves Josephine and Daphne, they board a train with the band and their male manager, Bienstock. Before they board the train, Joe and Jerry notice Sugar Kane (Marilyn Monroe), the band's vocalist and ukulele player.

tag: p

text: Joe and Jerry become enamored of Sugar and compete for her affection while maintaining their disguises. Sugar confides to Joe that she has sworn off male saxophone players, who have stolen her heart in the past and left her with "the fuzzy end of the lollipop". She has set her sights on finding a sweet, bespectacled millionaire in Florida. During the forbidden drinking and partying on the train, Josephine and Daphne become intimate friends with Sugar, and have to struggle to remember that they are supposed to be girls and cannot make a pass at her.

text: Once in Miami, Joe woos Sugar by assuming a second disguise as a millionaire named Junior, the heir to Shell Oil, while feigning disinterest in Sugar. An actual millionaire, the much-married aging mama's boy Osgood Fielding III, (Joe E. Brown) tries repeatedly to pick up Daphne, who rebuffs him. Osgood invites Daphne for a champagne supper on his yacht. Joe convinces Daphne to keep Osgood occupied onshore so that Junior can take Sugar to Osgood's yacht, passing it off as his. Once on the yacht, Junior explains to Sugar that, due to psychological trauma, he is impotent and frigid, but that he would marry anyone who could change that. Sugar tries to arouse some sexual response in Junior, and begins to succeed. Meanwhile, Daphne and Osgood dance the tango ("La Cumparsita") till dawn. When Joe and Jerry get back to the hotel, Jerry explains that Osgood has proposed marriage to Daphne and that he, as Daphne, has accepted, anticipating an instant divorce and huge cash settlement when his ruse is revealed. Joe convinces Jerry that he cannot actually marry Osgood.

text: The hotel hosts a conference for "Friends of Italian Opera", which is in fact a front for a major meeting of various branches of La Cosa Nostra. Spats and his gang from Chicago recognize Joe and Jerry as the witnesses to the Valentine's Day murders. Joe and Jerry, fearing for their lives, realize they must quit the band and leave the hotel. Joe breaks Sugar's heart by telling her that he, Junior, has to marry a woman of his father's choosing and move to Venezuela. After several chases, Joe and Jerry witness additional mob killings, this time of Spats and his boys. Joe, dressed as Josephine, sees Sugar onstage singing that she will never love again. He kisses her before he leaves, and Sugar realizes that Joe is both Josephine and Junior.

text: Sugar runs from the stage at the end of her performance and manages to jump into the launch from Osgood's yacht New Caledonia just as it is leaving the dock with Joe, Jerry, and Osgood. Joe tells Sugar that he is not good enough for her, that she would be getting the "fuzzy end of the lollipop" yet again, but Sugar wants him anyway. Jerry, for his part, comes up with a list of reasons why he and Osgood cannot get married, ranging from a smoking habit to infertility. Osgood dismisses them all; he loves Daphne and is determined to go through with the marriage. Exasperated, Jerry removes his wig and shouts, "I'm a man!". Osgood, unfazed, simply responds, "Well, nobody's perfect."

text: Cast[edit]

text:
Marilyn Monroe as Sugar "Kane" Kowalczyk, a ukulele player and singer
Tony Curtis as Joe/"Josephine"/"Shell Oil Junior", a saxophone player
Jack Lemmon as Jerry (Gerald)/"Daphne", a double bass player
George Raft as "Spats" Colombo, a mobster from Chicago
Pat O'Brien as Detective Mulligan
Joe E. Brown as Osgood Fielding III
Nehemiah Persoff as "Little Bonaparte," a mobster
Joan Shawlee as Sweet Sue, the bandleader of "Sweet Sue and Her Society Syncopators"
Dave Barry as Mister Beinstock, the band manager for "Sweet Sue and Her Society Syncopators"
Billy Gray as Sig Poliakoff, Joe and Jerry's agent in Chicago
Barbara Drew as Nellie Weinmeyer, Poliakoff's secretary
George E. Stone as "Toothpick" Charlie, a gangster who is killed by "Spats" Colombo
Mike Mazurki as Spats's henchman
Harry Wilson as Spats's henchman
Edward G. Robinson Jr. as Johnny Paradise, a gangster who kills "Spats" Colombo
Beverly Wills as Dolores, a trombone player, and Sugar's apartment friend
Al Breneman as the fresh bellboy (uncredited)[4]
Tito Vuolo as Mr. Mozzarella, funeral director (uncredited)[citation needed]
Tom Kennedy as Mozzarella's bouncer (uncredited)[citation needed]
Grace Lee Whitney as Rosella (uncredited)

text: Soundtrack[edit]

text:
Some Like It Hot: Original MGM Motion Picture Soundtrack

Soundtrack album

Released
24 February 1998

Genre
Soundtrack
Jazz

Length
32:22

tag: table

text: The soundtrack features 4 songs performed by Marilyn Monroe for the movie, 9 songs composed by Adolph Deutsch, as well as 2 songs performed by jazz artist Matty Malneck.[5]

text:
No.
Title
Length

1.
"Runnin' Wild" (Marilyn Monroe)
1:07

2.
"Medley: Sugar Blues/Running Wild" (Adolph Deutsch & His Orchestra)
1:32

3.
"Down Among the Sheltering Palms" (Adolph Deutsch & His Orchestra)
1:59

4.
"Randolph Street Rag" (Adolph Deutsch)
1:28

5.
"I Wanna Be Loved By You" (Marilyn Monroe)
2:58

6.
"Park Avenue Fantasy" (Adolph Deutsch & His Orchestra)
3:34

7.
"Medley: Down Among the Sheltering Palms / La Cumparsita / I Wanna Be Loved By You" (Adolph Deutsch & His Orchestra)
2:20

8.
"I'm Thru With Love" (Marilyn Monroe)
2:34

9.
"Medley: Sugar Blues / Tell the Whole Damn World" (Adolph Deutsch & His Orchestra)
3:25

10.
"Play It Again Charlie" (Adolph Deutsch)
1:49

11.
"Sweet Georgia Brown" (Matty Malneck & His Orchestra)
2:57

12.
"By the Beautiful Sea" (Adolph Deutsch & His Orchestra)
1:22

13.
"Park Avenue Fantasy (Reprise)" (Adolph Deutsch & His Orchestra)
2:10

14.
"Some Like It Hot" (Matty Malneck & His Orchestra)
1:46

15.
"Some Like It Hot (Single Version)" (Marilyn Monroe)
1:21

Total length:
32:22

text: Production[edit]

text: Pre-production[edit]

text: Billy Wilder wrote the script for the film Some Like it Hot.[6] The plot is based on a screenplay by Robert Thoeren and Michael Logan from the 1935 French film Fanfare of Love.[7] However, the original script for Fanfare of Love was untraceable, so Walter Mirisch found a copy of the 1951 German remake Fanfares of Love. He bought the rights to the script and Wilder worked with this to produce a new story.[7] Although Some Like It Hot has been seen as a remake of Fanfare of Love, as both films follow the story of two musicians in search of work,[6] Wilder was the creator of the gangster subplot that kept the musicians on the run.[8]

text: The studio hired Barbette, a famous female impersonator, to coach Lemmon and Curtis on gender illusion for the film.[7]

text: Marilyn Monroe worked for 10% of the gross in excess of $4 million, Tony Curtis for 5% of the gross over $2 million and Billy Wilder 17.5% of the first million after break-even and 20% thereafter.[9]

text: Casting[edit]

text: Tony Curtis was spotted by Billy Wilder while he was making the film Houdini (1953),[10] as he thought Tony would be perfect for the role of Joe. "I was sure Tony was right for it," explained Wilder, "because he was quite handsome, and when he tells Marilyn that he is one of the Shell Oil family, she has to be able to believe it".[11] Wilder's first idea for the role of Jerry was Frank Sinatra, but he never came to the audition.[12] Jerry Lewis and Danny Kaye were also considered for the role of Jerry. Finally, Wilder saw Jack Lemmon in the comedy Operation Mad Ball[13] and selected him for the role of Jerry. Billy Wilder and Jack Lemmon made numerous films together until 1981, among them The Apartment and several films with Walter Matthau.

text: According to York Film Notes, Billy Wilder and I.A.L. Diamond didn't expect such a big star as Marilyn Monroe to take the part of Sugar[6] in fact, Wilder said, "Mitzi Gaynor was who we had in mind. The word came that Marilyn wanted the part and then we had to have Marilyn."[14] Wilder and Monroe had already made the film The Seven Year Itch together in 1955.

text: Filming[edit]

text: The film was made in California during the summer and autumn of 1958.[15] Many scenes were shot at the Hotel del Coronado in San Diego which appeared as the "Seminole Ritz Hotel" in Miami in the film. The Hotel in San Diego fitted into the era of the 1920s and was near Hollywood, so Wilder chose it although it was not in Florida.

text: There were many problems with Marilyn Monroe, who lacked concentration and suffered from addiction to pills. She could not memorize many of her lines and required 47 takes to get "It's me, Sugar" correct, instead saying either "Sugar, it's me" or "It's Sugar, me". Tony Curtis and Jack Lemmon made bets during the filming how many takes Marilyn would need to get it right.[16] For the scene with Shell Jr. and Sugar at the beach three days for shooting were scheduled. Although Marilyn had plenty of complicated lines, the whole scene between Shell Jr. and Sugar was completely finished in only 20 minutes.[17] Monroe's acting coach Paula Strasberg and Monroe's husband Arthur Miller both tried to influence the production, which Wilder and other crew members found annoying.[18][19]

text: Billy Wilder said in 1959 about filming another movie with Marilyn Monroe: "I have discussed this with my doctor and my psychiatrist and they tell me I'm too old and too rich to go through this again."[20] But Wilder also admitted: "My Aunt Minnie would always be punctual and never hold up production, but who would pay to see my Aunt Minnie?"[21] He also stated that Monroe played her part wonderfully.[22]

text: The film's iconic closing line, "Nobody's perfect"—now ranked 78th on The Hollywood Reporter list of Hollywood's 100 Favorite Movie Lines—was never supposed to be in the final cut. Diamond and Wilder put it in the script as a "placeholder" until they could come up with something better, but never did.[23]

text: Style[edit]

text: With regards to sound design, there is a 'strong musical element'[6] in the film, with the soundtrack created by Adolph Deutsch. It has an authentic 1920s jazz feel using sharp, brassy strings to create tension in certain moments, for example whenever Spats' gangsters appear. In terms of cinematography and aesthetics, Billy Wilder chose to shoot the film in black and white as Jack Lemmon and Tony Curtis in full drag costume and make-up looked 'unacceptably grotesque' in early color tests.[6]

text: Reception[edit]

text: Some Like It Hot received widespread acclaim from critics, and is considered among the best films of all time. It received six Academy Award nominations, including Best Actor for Lemmon and Best Director and Best Screenplay for Wilder, the latter along with I.A.L. Diamond.[24] It was voted as the top comedy film by the American Film Institute on their list on AFI's 100 Years... 100 Laughs poll in 2000.[25]

text: By 1962, the film had grossed $14 million in the US.[26]

text: Roger Ebert wrote about the movie, "Wilder's 1959 comedy is one of the enduring treasures of the movies, a film of inspiration and meticulous craft."[27] John McCarten of The New Yorker referred to the film as "a jolly, carefree enterprise".[28] The Guardian's Richard Roud claims that Wilder comes "close to perfection" with the film.[29]

text: On Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 96% based on 53 reviews, and the average rating is 9 out of 10. The website's critical consensus reads, "Some Like It Hot: A spry, quick-witted farce that never drags."[30]

text: In 1989, this film became one of the first 25 inducted into the United States National Film Registry.[31]

text: Though sometimes said to have been "condemned" by the Roman Catholic Church's Legion of Decency, that body gave the film its less critical rating as "morally objectionable".[32]

text: In 2017, the BBC conducted an international survey for the best comedy in film history among 253 film critics from 50 countries, which ranked Some Like It Hot as number one.[33]

text: Awards and honors[edit]

text:
Date of ceremony
Award
Category
Recipients and nominees
Result

August 23 – September 6, 1959[34]
Venice Film Festival
Golden Lion
Some Like It Hot
Nominated

December 1959[35][36]
National Board of Review Awards
Top Ten Films
Some Like It Hot
Won

February 6, 1960[37][38]
Directors Guild of America Award
Outstanding Achievement in Feature Film
Billy Wilder
Nominated

1960[39]
British Academy Film Awards
Best Film from any Source
Some Like It Hot
Nominated

Best Foreign Actor
Jack Lemmon
Won

March 10, 1960[40][41]
Golden Globe Awards
Best Actor in a Motion Picture – Comedy or Musical
Jack Lemmon
Won

Best Actress in a Motion Picture – Comedy or Musical
Marilyn Monroe
Won

Best Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy
Some Like It Hot
Won

April 4, 1960[42]
Academy Awards
Best Director
Billy Wilder
Nominated

Best Actor
Jack Lemmon
Nominated

Best Adapted Screenplay
Billy Wilder, I. A. L. Diamond
Nominated

Best Cinematography – Black-and-white
Charles Lang, Jr.
Nominated

Best Art Direction – Black-and-white
Ted Haworth (Art Direction), Edward G. Boyle (Set Decoration)
Nominated

Best Costume Design—Black and white
Orry-Kelly
Won

May 6, 1960[43][44]
Writers Guild of America Awards
Best Written Comedy
Billy Wilder, I.A.L. Diamond
Won

September 28, 1960[45]
Laurel Awards
Top Female Comedy Performance
Marilyn Monroe (2nd place)
Won

Top Male Comedy Performance
Jack Lemmon (2nd place)
Won

Top Comedy
Some Like It Hot (3rd place)
Won

1960[45][46]
Bambi Awards
Best Actor—International
Tony Curtis (2nd place)
Nominated

text: The film is recognized by American Film Institute in these lists:

text:
1998: AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies – #14[47]
2000: AFI's 100 Years...100 Laughs – #1[48]
2005: AFI's 100 Years...100 Movie Quotes:

Osgood Fielding III: "Well, nobody's perfect." – #48[49]

2007: AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies (10th Anniversary Edition) – #22[50]

text: Adaptations[edit]

text: An unsold television pilot was filmed by Mirisch Productions in 1961 featuring Vic Damone and Tina Louise. As a favor to the production company, Jack Lemmon and Tony Curtis agreed to film cameo appearances, returning as their original characters, Daphne and Josephine, at the beginning of the pilot. Their appearance sees them in a hospital where Jerry (Lemmon) is being treated for his impacted back tooth and Joe (Curtis) is the same O blood type.[51]

text: In 1972, a musical play based on the screenplay of the film, entitled Sugar, opened on Broadway, and starred Elaine Joyce, Robert Morse, Tony Roberts and Cyril Ritchard, with book by Peter Stone, lyrics by Bob Merrill, and (all-new) music by Jule Styne. A 1991 stage production of this show in London featured Tommy Steele and retained the film's title. In 2002, the aging Tony Curtis performed in a stage production of the film, cast as the character originally played by Joe E. Brown (Osgood Fielding III).


document_title: Goku

question_text: when did goku first go super saiyan 4

question_tokens: when did goku first go super saiyan 4

text: Goku

text: Conception and creation[edit]

text: Goku, and Dragon Ball in general, evolved from one of Akira Toriyama's earlier one-shot series called Dragon Boy. In this story, the protagonist looks a lot like Goku but has a pair of wings.[4] When Toriyama created Dragon Ball, he was inspired by Journey to the West.[5] To be creative with the idea of Sun Wukong, Toriyama designed Goku as a human boy with a monkey's tail, rather than a complete simian, because the tail would give the character a distinguishing feature.[6] He later stated that the tail was a pain to draw, hence why he had it get cut off early on.[7] Toriyama did not initially plan to make Goku an alien, it was not until the introduction of fighters from other planets that he established him as a Saiyan (サイヤ人, Saiya-jin).[8] Goku was given the ability to teleport to any planet in seconds, so that Toriyama could increase the pace of the story.[9]

text: Wanting Dragon Ball to have a Chinese appearance, Toriyama used the color of the robes worn by Buddhist monks for Goku's dōgi.[10] During the early chapters of the manga, Toriyama's editor, Kazuhiko Torishima, commented that Goku looked rather plain. Toriyama had given him simple clothes on purpose because it was a fighting manga, so to combat this he added several characters like Master Roshi and Krillin, and created the Tenkaichi Budōkai (天下一武道会, lit. "Strongest Under the Heavens Martial Arts Tournament") to focus the storyline on fighting. To defy the assumption that Goku would win the tournaments, Toriyama made him lose the first and second but win the third.[6] Toriyama also mentioned Torishima wanted Goku to form a relationship with Bulma but this was never applied to the series.[11]

text: Toriyama's editor was initially against having Goku grow up, saying it was uncommon to have the protagonist drastically change in manga, however, he gave in when Toriyama threatened that he would not be able to continue the series if the character did not.[12] Toriyama later stated he had him grow up as a means to make drawing the fight scenes easier.[13] When Toriyama thought up the Super Saiyan (超 (スーパー)サイヤ人, Sūpā Saiya-jin) concept during the Frieza arc, he felt the only way to show Goku's massive power up was to have him transform. Initially he was concerned that the facial expression looked like that of a villain, but felt that since the transformation was brought about by anger it was acceptable.[14] With the conclusion of the Cell arc, Gohan was intended to replace his father as protagonist, but Toriyama decided that Gohan was unsuitable for the role.[6] According to Toriyama, Goku is more of a selfish person rather than a hero as his main wish in the story is fighting against strong enemies rather than protecting the innocents. As a result, once Dragon Ball started having animated versions where Goku is portrayed as a hero instead, Toriyama is angry at this.[15]

text: Dragon Ball GT chief character designer Katsuyoshi Nakatsuru said he agonized over designing Goku's Super Saiyan 4 appearance, which was the idea of the show's producers, questioning whether it was necessary to go further with the transformations. Because Super Saiyan 4 is brought about while in a Saiyan's Ōzaru (大猿, lit. "Great Ape") form, he made the hair more "wild" and covered Goku's body in red fur. There was only a single final draft of the character, although Nakatsuru did consider making the hair blonde, he ended up choosing black as it provides more contrast with the red fur.[16]

text: During the plans of the final story arc of Dragon Ball Super, it was decided that Goku should have another transformation: The Ultra Instinct. The concept was that the Ultra Instinct would be completely different from Goku's previous Super Saiyan transformations.[17]

text: Design[edit]

text: Goku is usually recognized by his unique hairstyle, which does not change in length except in his Super Saiyan forms, where his hair changes in color and length according to the form he takes. This is explained by Vegeta to be a common characteristic of full-blooded Saiyans.[18] Goku's hair color changes from black to golden after ascending to a Super Saiyan, and his irises change from black to turquoise. In his Super Saiyan God form, both his hair color and irises change to a deep red. In his Super Saiyan God Super Saiyan form, both his hair color and irises change to blue (hence its nickname "Super Saiyan Blue"). Goku prefers dressing in a dōgi uniform to show his devotion to Earth, instead of the standard battle fatigues of his race;[19] the only time he actually does wear these garments is during his training with Gohan before the Cell Games.[20]

text: In his early childhood, Goku is introduced wearing a dark colored dōgi uniform with red wristbands and a white obi tied in a bow over the waist. Throughout the majority of the series, however, Goku is commonly seen wearing an orange dōgi uniform with a blue short-sleeved undershirt, blue wristbands, a blue obi tied in a knot over the waist, and dark boots with yellow or red stripes. Goku also often wears the encircled kanji of his training masters on the front and back of this uniform; the first being Master Roshi's, "kame" (亀, meaning "turtle");[21] the second being King Kai's, "kaio" (界王, meaning "world king");[22] and the third being his own, "Go" (悟, meaning "wisdom" or "enlightenment").[23] Eventually, Goku stops wearing a kanji[24] and replaces his obi with a blue sash for a belt.[24] In Dragon Ball GT, he is seen wearing a multi-colored dōgi that consists of a blue fold-over shirt, yellow pants, pink wristbands, a white obi tied in a knot over the waist, and black shoes with white stockings.[25] In Dragon Ball Super, Goku wears his signature orange and blue dōgi with his "Go" kanji again, though during the Golden Frieza arc and Universe 6 arc he wears a special dōgi uniform consisting of an orange fold-over shirt and matching pants with blue wristbands, blue boots and a blue obi tied in a knot at the side of his waist (which debuted in the film Dragon Ball Z: Resurrection 'F').

text: Voice actors[edit]

text: In the Japanese version of every Dragon Ball anime series and subsequent related media, Goku has been voiced by Masako Nozawa. Toriyama selected Nozawa upon hearing her audition sample, remarking that only Goku could sound like that.[26] Nozawa stated that she was ecstatic when she got the role because she had always wanted to be in one of Toriyama's works. She said she had to be mindful of the fact that Goku grew up in the mountains and did not know much of the world. Despite having to voice Goku, Gohan, Goten and Bardock, Nozawa claims she is able to instantly get into the respective character simply upon seeing their image.[27] Nozawa explained that she did not read the manga so that she would not know what was coming in the story until recording, making her reactions the same as Goku's.[28]

text: In the numerous English versions, Goku has been played by different actors because different companies produced the dubs, by reason of changes of ADR companies and recording studios, or due to actors quitting:

text: In Harmony Gold's very brief dub of the original Dragon Ball series, Goku (renamed "Zero") was voiced by Barbara Goodson.[29]

text: In Ocean Productions' dub of the anime, Goku was voiced by Saffron Henderson in the first 13 episodes of the original Dragon Ball series (produced by Funimation and BLT Productions),[30][29] and by Ian James Corlett, Peter Kelamis and Kirby Morrow in Dragon Ball Z (produced initially by Funimation and Saban, and later by AB Groupe and Westwood Media exclusively for Canadian and European broadcast).[31][32][33]

text: In Blue Water Studios' dub of the anime (also produced by AB Groupe and Westwood Media exclusively for Canadian and European broadcast), Goku was voiced by Zoe Slusar as a child in both Dragon Ball and Dragon Ball GT,[29] by Jeffrey Watson as an older teen in Dragon Ball,[33] and by Jeremiah Yurk as an adult and Super Saiyan 4 in Dragon Ball GT.[33]

text: In Bang Zoom's dub of the first 27 episodes of Dragon Ball Super (produced exclusively for Toonami Asia's broadcast), Goku was voiced by Lex Lang.[33]

text: In Funimation's in-house dub, Goku was voiced by Stephanie Nadolny as a child in both Dragon Ball and Dragon Ball GT,[34][35][29] and has been consistently voiced by Sean Schemmel as an adult throughout the entire Dragon Ball franchise.[36][37][33] Since Dragon Ball Z Kai, Colleen Clinkenbeard has voiced Kid Goku for Funimation.[29]

text: Appearances[edit]

text: In Dragon Ball[edit]

text: Goku first appears in Dragon Ball as a monkey-tailed child adopted by the hermit Gohan. Before the series' narrative begins, he accidentally and unknowingly kills Gohan on a full-moon night when he temporarily transforms into the mighty Ōzaru after staring at a full moon. However, Goku loses the ability when his friends cut off his tail.[38] Living alone with an item known as a Dragon Ball which he keeps as a memento of Gohan, Goku befriends a teenage girl named Bulma. He joins her to find the seven Dragon Balls, which, when gathered, summon the wish-granting dragon Shenron. They encounter the desert bandit Yamcha and two shapeshifters named Oolong and Puar, who also join their quest. Goku is later trained by the martial artist Master Roshi, alongside a Shaolin monk named Krillin, who becomes his best friend. It is Roshi who gives Goku the Nimbus cloud (as a reward for saving his pet sea turtle), which becomes Goku's primary source of flight travel across the world. Goku's first shown martial arts attack as a child is Jan ken (ジャン拳), three physical blows modeled after the hand signs in rock-paper-scissors.[39] As a child, he also wields the Nyoi-bō (如意棒, lit. "Mind Stick", renamed "Power Pole" in Funimation's dub), a magic staff that extends and retracts on command; given to him by his late grandfather.[40] However, Goku's signature attack is the Kamehameha, which he learned from Master Roshi.[41] The Kamehameha is a concentration of Ki, released as a concussive beam. Roshi spent about 50 years developing and perfecting the technique, but, as a child, Goku is able to understand and copy the technique immediately after only one demonstration. After training with the Earth's god, Kami, Goku learns to fly by virtue of the technique Bukū-jutsu (舞空術, lit. "Air Dance Technique") and uses the Nimbus less frequently for flight travel. While participating in the World Martial Arts Tournament that attracts the most powerful fighters in the world, Goku battles foes, later turned allies, such as Tien Shinhan and Chiaotzu, as well as the Namekian Piccolo. After becoming the runner-up champion of the 21st and 22nd tournaments, Goku finally wins in the 23rd with Piccolo's defeat, and marries Chi-Chi soon after.

text: Five years later, Goku meets his evil older brother Raditz and sacrifices himself to defeat Raditz after he learns about his heritage.[42][43] Goku comes from a race of extraterrestrials called Saiyans, himself having been sent from their home planet to prepare Earth for sale on the intergalactic market by destroying all its life.[44] While Grandpa Gohan was taking care of him, Goku suffered a severe head injury and forgets his mission to conquer Earth.[44] In order to fight the Saiyans invading Earth, Goku trains with King Kai in the afterlife. He teaches Goku the Kaiō-ken (界王拳, lit. "World King Fist"), which multiplies his ki and strength for an instant, but with possible strain to the body.[45] It is also from King Kai that Goku learns his most powerful attack: the Genki-Dama (元気玉, lit. "Energy Sphere", renamed "Spirit Bomb" in Funimation's dub), an energy sphere created by gathering ki from surrounding animals, nature and humans.[22] After being revived by the Dragon Balls, Goku faces off with the Saiyan prince Vegeta, who eventually becomes another ally. On his journey to Planet Namek in order to aid his friends in gathering the Namekian Dragon Balls to revive the ones killed by the Saiyans, Goku fights the galactic tyrant Frieza, who destroyed the Saiyans' home planet and nearly the entire race. During his epic battle with Frieza, Goku becomes the first Saiyan in a thousand years to transform into a fabled Super Saiyan.[46]

text: After defeating Frieza and barely escaping the destruction of Namek, Goku learns a teleportation skill called Shunkan Idō (瞬間移動, lit. "Instant Teleport", renamed "Instant Transmission" in Funimation's dub), taught by the inhabitants of the planet Yardrat.[47] However, Goku contracts a heart virus whereof the time-traveler Trunks warns him, but recovers after taking medicine provided by Trunks. Later, Goku trains his first son Gohan to be his successor and sacrifices himself again during the battle against the evil bio-android Cell. Goku is temporarily resurrected on Earth seven years later and meets his second son Goten. Goku also battles Vegeta again after Vegeta falls under the control of the wizard Babidi. Shortly after, he is drawn into a battle for the universe against the monster Majin Buu. Despite having mastered two new Super Saiyan transformations, Goku teaches Goten and Trunks to take his place. After his life is permanently restored, Goku attempts to fuse with Gohan in order to defeat Buu, but this fails when the latter is temporarily absorbed by Buu and so he persuades the newly arrived Vegeta to fuse with him, creating Vegito (ベジット, Bejitto, "Vegerot" in Viz Media's manga translation).[48] Eventually, Goku destroys Buu with a Spirit Bomb attack. Ten years later, during another World Martial Arts Tournament, Goku meets Uub, Buu's human reincarnation, and leaves with him, intending to train him as the new protector of Earth.[49]

text: In Dragon Ball Super[edit]

text: After defeating Majin Buu, Goku meets a new opponent known as Beerus, the God of Destruction in the film Battle of Gods. An alternative, more innately powerful form known as the Super Saiyan God (超 (スーパー)サイヤ人ゴッド, Sūpā Saiya-jin Goddo) is reached by Goku during this film. Though the temporary transformation wears off, Goku manages to harness its godly powers in his base Super Saiyan form. In its sequel film Resurrection 'F', Goku manages to achieve a blue-haired evolution of Super Saiyan God under Whis's tutelage, known as the Super Saiyan God Super Saiyan (超 (スーパー)サイヤ人ゴッドSS (スーパーサイヤ人), Sūpā Saiya-jin Goddo Sūpā Saiya-jin) or "Super Saiyan Blue" for short, which Goku uses to battle the newly revived Frieza.[50] These forms also appear in Dragon Ball Super and its manga tie-in, which expand upon the stories from the two films, and replace them as the new canon.

text: Afterwards, Goku and his friends participate in a fighting tournament set between Beerus and his brother Champa, facing warriors from the universe Champa oversees as its God of Destruction.[51] During this tournament, Goku reveals that he has learned to combine the perfect ki control of his Super Saiyan Blue form with his older technique, the Kaiō-ken; creating a variation called "Super Saiyan Blue Kaiō-ken". Although Goku gives up after fighting his opponent, Hit, his team ends up winning the tournament.[52] After meeting with the omnipotent being known as Zeno, Goku encounters an evil look-a-like of himself called "Goku Black", who is terrorizing Future Trunks' timeline.[53] Black is eventually revealed to be a rogue Kai named Zamasu, who has stolen Goku's body from yet another alternate timeline and teamed up with the Zamasu of Future Trunks' timeline to fulfill their "Zero Mortals Plan". After Zamasu and Black become even more dangerous by undergoing Potara Fusion during the battle in Future Trunks' timeline, Goku ultimately summons the future version of Zeno who erases the entire universe and Zamasu. Goku and the others present there manage to escape in their time machine, and later Goku and Future Trunks use the time machine again to bring Future Zeno to the present timeline.

text: Shortly afterwards, Goku causes the Zenos to decide to hold a multi-universal martial arts tournament with the losing universes wiped from existence. After enlisting nine of his allies to fight alongside him in the "Tournament of Power", Goku ends up recruiting Frieza as well.[54] Across the tournament, Goku defeats multiple warriors, but is nearly killed by one named Jiren. During this fight, Goku reaches and eventually masters a powered-up new form labeled as Ultra Instinct (身勝手の極意). All of a sudden, Jiren fires an energy blast at the stands housing the remaining members of the tournament. Goku immediately gets in the way of the attack, and deflects the energy blast away from his friends. Goku then overwhelms Jiren in a fit of rage until succumbing to his power's immense pressure as it fades, causing his body to spasm while appearing to be defeated. Luckily, Android 17 and Frieza are still in the tournament as they team up with only the former left in the ring. Goku and Frieza actually work together to force Jiren out of bounds in a triple elimination. After Android 17 uses his wish on the Super Dragon Balls to restore the erased universes, Goku and his team part ways with a fully revived Frieza and return to their "normal" lives on Earth.[55]

text: In Dragon Ball GT and other films[edit]

text: In the film Fusion Reborn, Goku and Vegeta use the Metamorese Fusion Dance, which creates Gogeta (ゴジータ, Gojīta), who sports slight visual differences from their previous merger.[56] In the anime-only sequel series, Dragon Ball GT, Goku is transformed back into a kid by an accidental wish made by his old enemy Pilaf using the Black Star Dragon Balls while Pilaf was about to wish to take over the world.[57] Goku, Trunks and his own granddaughter Pan travel the universe to search for the Black Star Dragon Balls and return them to Earth to prevent its destruction. After acquiring the Super Saiyan 4 transformation, Goku battles the evil Tuffle Baby, Super Android 17, and the evil Shadow Dragons. His final challenge is against Omega Shenron, whom he destroys using the Spirit Bomb.[58] Goku leaves with the original form of Shenron, but not before saying his goodbyes to his friends on Earth. He then appears 100 years later at the next World Martial Arts Tournament as an adult, where he watches a battle between Goku Jr., his descendant, and Vegeta Jr., Vegeta's descendant. An elderly Pan sees him, but he quickly departs.[59]

text: In other media[edit]

text: Goku has appeared in various other media including an unofficial Taiwanese live-action film[60] and an unofficial Korean live-action film.[61] He was portrayed by Justin Chatwin in the 2009 20th Century Fox feature Dragonball Evolution.[62] Goku has also appeared in almost every Dragon Ball licensed electronic video game, including crossover games such as Jump Super Stars, Jump Ultimate Stars and Battle Stadium D.O.N. In 1992, Goku was featured in the interactive game Dragon Ball Z: Get Together! Goku World,[63] in which Goku and his gang travel back in time to review events in the Dragon Ball timeline and interacts with his younger self. In December 2007, Goku made a guest appearance in avatar form in the MMORPG Second Life for a Jump Festa promotion titled Jumpland@Second Life.[64] Goku also appears in the Dr. Slump and Arale-chan video game for the Nintendo DS.[65]

text: Goku has been the subject of, and is mentioned in, various songs. "Son Goku Song"[66] and "Gokū no Gokigen Jānī"[67] feature Goku as a child singing about himself. During his adult years, the song "Aitsu wa Son Gokū" by Hironobu Kageyama, where Kageyama praises everything about Goku,[68] and the duet "Ore-tachi no Energy"[69] feature words spoken by the character. For the release of the single of the Dragonball Evolution international theme song "Rule", Toriyama supplied CD artwork of singer Ayumi Hamasaki dressed as Goku.[70]

text: Goku has been used in Japanese public service announcements aimed at children. In June 1988, Goku and other Dragon Ball characters were featured in two PSA short films. The first, in which Goku is taught the importance of obeying traffic safety by others, is entitled The Goku Traffic Safety (悟空の交通安全, Gokū no Kōtsū Anzen).[71] The second is called The Goku Fire Fighting Regiment (悟空の消防隊, Gokū no Shōbō-tai), in which he teaches two children the importance of fire safety.[71]

text: Goku has made guest appearances in various Japanese television shows and manga. In 2005, Goku appeared in the Toriyama parody manga Neko Majin Z where he is the sensei of the main character Z.[72] On September 15, 2006, in celebration of the 30th anniversary of Kochira Katsushika-ku Kameari Kōen-mae Hashutsujo, the special manga Super Kochikame (超こち亀, Chō Kochikame) was released. The chapter entitled This is the Police Station in front of Dragon Park on Planet Namek (こちらナメック星ドラゴン公園前派出所, Kochira Namekku-sei Dragon Kōen-mae Hashutsujo) has Ryotsu Kankichi travel to planet Namek and try to issue Freeza a citation and scold he and Goku for parking their ships illegally.[73] Goku and other Dragon Ball characters join the cast of One Piece in the 2006 crossover manga Cross Epoch.[74] He also appears in a single panel of Toriyama's 2013 manga Jaco the Galactic Patrolman, which is set before the events of Dragon Ball.[75] The collected tankōbon volume of Jaco features the bonus story Dragon Ball Minus: The Departure of the Fated Child, depicting how and why Goku's father and mother, Gine (ギネ), sent him to Earth.[76][77]

text: Goku has been the subject of various parodies. In the episode Career Day of Takeshi's Castle, known in the United States as MXC, the hosts Beat Takeshi and Sonomanma Higashi dressed as popular anime characters, one as Goku as a child, the other as Doraemon.[78] Weekly Shōnen Jump's Gag Special 2005 issue, released on November 12, 2004, featured a Bobobo-bo Bo-bobo one-shot Dragon Ball parody manga, a retelling of the first fight between Goku and Vegeta.[79] In chapter #179 of the Yakitate!! Japan manga, Kawachi executes a Genki-Dama parody called a Shinrai-Dama (信頼玉, lit. "Trust Ball") on the character Katsuo.[80] In the manga and anime series Blood Lad, the character Staz performs the gestures for Goku's Kamehameha, having learned it from his favorite manga superhero, but it has no actual effect.[81]

text: Goku regularly appears on Fuji TV. In 2003, Goku appeared in the interactive feature Kyutai Panic Adventure! (球体パニックアドベンチャー!, Kyūtai Panikku Adobenchā!, "Orb Panic Adventure!"), which was featured exclusively at the Fuji TV headquarters in the Kyutai (orb) section. In this, Freeza attacks a visiting tourist, blasting the orb section free from the rest of the Fuji TV building. Goku fights Freeza over the real life aqua city of Odaiba.[82][83] In 2004, a sequel called Kyūtai Panic Adventure Returns! (球体パニックアドベンチャーリターンズ!, Kyūtai Panikku Adobenchā Ritānzu!, "Orb Panic Adventure Returns!") was produced.[84] On March 25, 2006, Goku and Freeza appeared in an original animated short film in the IQ Mirror Mistake 7 (ＩＱミラーまちがい７, Aikyū Mirā Machigai Nana) segment of the Japanese game show IQ Supplement (IQサプリ, IQ Sapuri).[85] On April 7, 2007, Goku and Fuji TV announcer Masaharu Miyake were commentators on the anime segment in the Nippon Ijin Taishō (日本偉人大賞, "Japan Great Man Awards") titled Saikyō no Ijin ha Dare? (最強の偉人は誰？, "Who is the Strongest Hero?"). The segment featured a special tournament to decide who was the greatest person in Japanese history. During the intermission, Goku promoted the coming release of R2 Dragon Ball DVDs.[86]

text: Since the U.S. debut of Dragon Ball Z in 1996, Goku has appeared in American pop culture. He was featured in an issue of Wizard magazine in which he and Superman fought a hypothetical battle and won.[87] In the Codename: Kids Next Door episode "Operation: R.E.P.O.R.T", Numbuh Four's version of the story is a parody of the Goku and Freeza's battle in Dragon Ball Z.[88] Goku appears in Robot Chicken in a sketch entitled A Very Dragon Ball Z Christmas, where Goku and Gohan fight an evil Mrs. Claus with Santa's reindeer, in an attempt to save Christmas.[89] The Saturday Night Live sketch TV Funhouse titled Kobayashi depicts real-life hot-dog-eating champion Takeru Kobayashi as able to transform into a Super Saiyan as he prepares to eat hot dogs; Goku appears briefly near the end.[90] Goku is referenced in the songs "Goku" and "Anime" by Soulja Boy Tell 'Em, where he brags that he looks and feels like Goku.[91] Goku appears in a parody of the film Moneyball on an episode of Mad entitled Money Ball Z, in which Billy Beane drafts Goku and a couple of other Dragon Ball characters into the Oakland A's.[92] In 2013, he and Superman fought in a "Death Battle" episode of the Rooster Teeth web series ScrewAttack.[93] The episode "Goku vs. Superman" in the web series Epic Rap Battles of History[94] won a Streamy Award for Best Music Video.[95]

text: The use of the Kamehameha attack became an Internet meme which started with Japanese schoolgirls photographing themselves apparently using, and being affected by, this attack.[96][97] It has also attracted considerable media attention in France,[98] Germany,[99] as well as in many Spanish-speaking countries in South America.[100][101][102]

text: Reception and legacy[edit]

text: Goku's character has been well received by publications for manga, anime and other media. Anime News Network noted Goku as a good source of comedy and remarked that after everything he experiences, he still remains a naïve character.[103] Tim Jones from THEM Anime Reviews noted that Goku is not an omnipotent character in the first anime series, unlike Dragon Ball Z, and does not disappear for long periods of time between sagas. They also liked the way the series' depict his entire adventures, making him a good main character.[104] Rationalmagic.com praised Goku's innocence as one of the funniest parts of the series.[105] According to Julius Weideman, Goku's journey and ever-growing strength resulted in the character winning "the admiration of young boys everywhere."[106] In 2015, the Japan Anniversary Association officially declared May 9 as "Goku Day" (悟空の日, Gokū no hi). In Japanese the numbers 5 and 9 can be pronounced as "Go" and "Ku" respectively.[107] Jason Thompson stated that unlike the "manly" heroes of other popular shōnen manga of the late 1980s and early 1990s, such as City Hunter and Fist of the North Star, Toriyama made his protagonist (Goku) cartoonish and small, thus starting a trend that Thompson says continues to this day.[108] One Piece creator Eiichiro Oda and Naruto creator Masashi Kishimoto said that Goku inspired their protagonists as well as series structure.[109][110] Commenting on Goku's popularity, Kishimoto stated that when people hear the name "Son Goku", no longer do they think of the Journey to the West character, but instead Dragon Ball's protagonist comes to mind.[111] Additionally, for the second half of the series, Kishimoto created an ape named Son Goku in reference to Toriyama's character to the point the ape has four tails just like the four-star Dragon Ball Goku earned from his grandfather.[112]

text: Masako Nozawa, the Japanese voice actor who plays Goku, said that she liked young Goku with his tail because he was cute, and stated that the character was still the same even at the end of the series.[113] Jackie Chan has gone on record stating that Goku is his favorite Dragon Ball character.[114]

text: Goku was ranked number one in IGN's 2009 Top 25 Anime Characters of All Time[115] and reappeared on the same list in 2014, however, on this occasion they ranked him third, with Cowboy Bebop's Spike Spiegel and Neon Genesis Evangelion's Shinji Ikari placed above him, saying that "He was, in many ways, a character that bucked the trends of his time and defined the direction of shonen manga/anime for decades."[116] In Mania Entertainment's 10 Most Iconic Anime Heroes, Thomas Zoth commented that "Goku and Dragon Ball completely revolutionized shōnen manga."[117] In a Newtype poll from March 2010, Goku was voted the fifth most popular male character from the 1980s.[118] Goku ranked consistently high in the Anime Grand Prix poll in the category of "best male character" in the late 1980s and early 1990s, appearing seventeenth in the 1987 poll,[119] fifteenth in the 1988 poll,[120] second in the 1989 poll,[121] fourth in the 1990 poll,[122] third in the 1991 poll,[123] fourth in the 1992 poll,[124] thirteenth in 1993 poll,[125] and twelfth in 1994 poll.[126] In a 1993 character popularity poll for the series, Weekly Shōnen Jump readers voted Goku second, after his son Gohan.[127] He came in first in the magazine's 1995 poll,[127] as well as in a 2004 poll amongst fans of the series for the book Dragon Ball Forever.[128] In a 2005 The Daily Reader article entitled "The Greatest Geek Movie Heroes of All Time", Goku is the only animated character listed, and is ranked tenth.[129] In a survey of 1,000 people, conducted by Oricon in 2007, Goku ranked first place as the "Strongest Manga character of all time."[130] In the survey "Friendship" developed by rankingjapan.com, in which people chose which anime character they would like as a friend, Goku ranked fifth.[131] In 2000, Goku placed third in an Animax poll of favorite anime characters.[132] NTT customers voted him as their third favorite black haired male anime character.[133] Despite his positive reception, Goku also received negative feedback for his characterization in Dragon Ball Super due to how his constant desires for fighting stronger enemies resulted in setting up a story where all universe could be destroyed. While Anime Now's Richard Eisenbeis believes Goku is determined to protect his universe, the fact that he does not care about other loser universes being destroyed also received negative response.[134] In January 2017, Nowaza won two Guinness World Records for her longevity as Goku; she has been the sole voice actor for the role for over 23 years.[135]

text: Several pieces of merchandising based on Goku have been released, including action figures,[136][137] plushes,[138] and keychains.[139]

text: The German rock band Son Goku takes their name from the Dragon Ball protagonist. The band's lead singer Thomas D chose the name because Goku embodies the band's philosophy, saying he was "fascinated by Goku's naïveté and cheerfulness, yet, at the same time, a great warrior saving the world."[140] In 2010, a fiberglass statue of Goku was created by Chinese artist Edison Chen, with Chen's facial features instead of Goku's, as part of Chen's "I Hate You For Looking!" collection that was displayed at the "Treacherous Treis" exhibition.[141] CNN released an article explaining how Goku was Rafael Nadal's childhood inspiration, and called Nadal "the Dragon Ball of tennis" due to his unorthodox style "from another planet."[142]