document_title: Juliet O'Hara

question_text: when does shawn tell juliet he loves her

text: Juliet O'Hara

text:
Juliet O'Hara

Psych character

Maggie Lawson as Juliet O'Hara

First appearance
"Spellingg Bee"

Last appearance
Psych: The Movie

Created by
Steve Franks

Portrayed by
Maggie Lawson

Information

Nickname(s)
Jules (by Shawn), Jewel (by her father), Mrs. Tostig, Maniac, Crazy Cat Lady

Aliases
Mary Lou Baumgartner (1.15), Maniac (3.07), Helene (7.02)

Gender
Female

Occupation
San Francisco Police Department Head Detective (2014–present)
SBPD Junior Detective (2006–14)
Miami Police Department Police Officer (?–2006)

Family
Frank O'Hara (father) [1]
Maryanne O'Hara (mother)[1]
Lloyd French (stepfather)[1]
Ewan O'Hara (brother)

Spouse(s)
Shawn Spencer

Significant other(s)
Scott Seaver (1999–2003)
Cameron Luntz (formerly)
Declan Rand (2010)

Relatives
Unnamed sister-in-law
Drake O'Hara (nephew)
Finn O'Hara (nephew)
Isaac O'Hara (nephew)

tag: table

text: Head Detective Juliet Lynn "Jules" O'Hara is a character on the American comedy Psych played by Maggie Lawson. She attended the University of Miami.

text: Fictional biography[edit]

text: Juliet O'Hara first appears undercover in the show's second episode, "Spellingg Bee", as a recently transferred junior detective from Miami Beach where she attended the University of Miami, replacing Lucinda Barry as Head Detective Carlton Lassiter's partner. Born in 1981,[1] she was raised in a family of brothers and is shown to be close with both her parents and her siblings.[2] Although she is initially frustrated by her coworkers not taking her seriously enough due to her relatively young age,[3] as the series progresses she is given more responsibility, being left in charge in the absence of Lassiter and then Interim Chief Karen Vick.[4] She has grown more assertive with her partner, and actors Maggie Lawson and Timothy Omundson (who plays Lassiter) both suggest that a strange mutual respect has developed between them.[5]

text: Juliet seems to present a gentle counterpoint to Lassiter's gruff, rigid style. She reminds her partner repeatedly to "be sensitive" with the media, the victims, and the witnesses of their cases. Unlike Lassiter, she is friendly with Shawn Spencer and more willing to work with him and Burton Guster. Lawson says that, although Juliet is bemused by Shawn at first, she has slowly gained respect for him and by the second season, Juliet reveals a "very friendly, comfortable relationship".[5] The actress says she thinks that, despite some skepticism, Juliet does believe that Shawn is psychic. By the end of the fifth season, Shawn and Juliet are romantically involved. By the middle of the sixth season, Shawn is ready for marriage. Her older brother Ewan, played by John Cena, is an army soldier whom she had to arrest when he attempted to murder an actual killer to protect the army. Ewan was supposed to go to prison but his high level bosses made him vanish. Juliet claims Ewan was the reason she became a cop, that him joining the military gave her enough confidence to join the police force. Her estranged con artist father Frank O'Hara is played by William Shatner.[1] She seems to be Scots Irish,[6] with her family hailing from Inverness[7].

text: Relationship with Shawn Spencer[edit]

text: Season one

text:
"Spellingg Bee" (1.02) - Shawn and Juliet meet for the first time when Juliet unknowingly steals his seat in a diner. Shawn attempts to flirt with her, but Juliet's reception is cool. Shawn eventually figures out that Juliet is a cop and that she is staking out the diner.
"Speak Now or Forever Hold Your Piece" (1.03) - When Shawn "reads" Juliet's palm, the two have a moment of mutual understanding. They agree to help each other out on the case, thus beginning their camaraderie.
"Weekend Warriors" (1.06) - Shawn called Juliet "Jules" for the first time, when they are both watching a Civil War reenactment.
"Shawn vs. the Red Phantom" (1.08) - At the beginning of the episode, Shawn calls Juliet apparently from somewhere he can see her. She asks Shawn where he is, and he responds by asking if she really wants to know the answer. She says, "I don't ask questions I don't want to know the answer to." Shawn then advises her not to ask "your boyfriend if he thinks your sister's hot." She informs him she does not have a sister, to which he asks, "How about a boyfriend?" Shawn then takes on a missing-person's case as a "favor" to Juliet, informing Gus that he hopes for bigger favors in the future, ones that he cannot share "with nuns and men of the cloth."
"From the Earth to the Starbucks" (1.10) - Shawn and Juliet team up to solve a case for Lassiter. Juliet admits that Shawn does makes her laugh... occasionally.
"He Loves Me, He Loves Me Not, He Loves Me, Oops He's Dead" (1.11) - When Shawn and Juliet go under cover at a speed-dating event, the hostess informs them that their personality questionnaires were a 100% compatibility match, "a speed-dating first." Shawn later claims to have copied hers verbatim. Shawn is also clearly jealous when he runs into Juliet on a date at the bowling alley.

text: Season two

text:
"Meat Is Murder, But Murder Is Also Murder" (2.06) - Shawn goes under cover as a horoscope writer at the newspaper where the victim worked. He directs his horoscopes at specific people, such as Detective Lassiter and his dad. In the one meant for Juliet, he writes, "Your one true love will be wearing sneakers and an Apple Jacks T-shirt." Shawn then wears sneakers and an Apple Jacks T-shirt, and Jules seems to get the message, though she does not say anything. After solving the case, Juliet says to Shawn, "Looks like you're finally able to communicate your visions again." and Shawn says, "Im having another vision right now, you and me celebrating over dinner and drinks." Juliet replies, "Hmm. Sounds like you're still a little off." Shawn took her rejection pretty well.
"Rob-a-Bye Baby" (2.08) - While investigating a nanny agency, Shawn and Juliet go under cover as a married couple.
"Bounty Hunters!" (2.09) - When Juliet makes a mistake that results in a suspected murderer escaping custody, Shawn saves the day by reapprehending the prisoner. When Juliet thanks Shawn, he assures her that it was a mistake and "that's what friends are for." Shawn leans in to kiss Juliet, but she refuses to kiss him, saying it would be "a mistake." Shawn pulls away, respecting her wishes, but nevertheless walks away smiling. Once alone, Juliet disassembles and reassembles her gun, a stress-relieving exercise she learned in the police academy.
"Gus' Dad May Have Killed an Old Guy" (2.10) - Shawn and Gus are going around the station giving everyone Christmas presents, but after giving Juliet hers, Shawn states that it is just from him. She then makes him think that she is going to give him a hug, and he opens his arms to hug her back, and is visibly disappointed when she brushes past him.

text: Season three

text:
"Murder? ... Anyone? ... Anyone? ... Bueller?" (3.02) - While talking to his high-school crush Abigail Lytar at their reunion, Shawn spots Juliet across the gymnasium and murmurs, "Pretty much perfect."
"The Greatest Adventure in the History of Basic Cable" (3.04) - When Shawn will not stop cracking jokes in the interrogation room, Juliet leans across the table and demands that he share what he knows, to which Shawn marvels, "My God that was so hot." When Shawn leaves the room with the supposed men of the Spanish government, he hands Jules a paper, telling her the truth about the "Spanish". He also wrote, "You smell nice" on the paper. Later, after Juliet leads the SBPD to Shawn and Gus' rescue, Shawn and Juliet share a meaningful glance.
"Talk Derby to Me" (3.07) - Shawn sets up a romantic dinner for Juliet and himself, complete with music, candles, and flowers. She cannot stay, however, because she has to follow a lead. When that lead turns out to be a red herring, Shawn takes the blame for the mistake. After the case is closed, Shawn and Juliet go on a couples skate-alone at the roller rink and brush hands several times; as the camera zooms out, their hands pressed together, though they are not actually holding hands.
"Gus Walks into a Bank" (3.08) - Shawn and Juliet have a minor squabble about her decision to date Cameron Luntz, the head of SWAT. Shawn eventually tells her it is okay, he just wants her to be happy. When Juliet's date with Luntz for that evening is cancelled, she finds Shawn at the Psych office. The two take a stroll on the boardwalk eating hot dogs.
"Christmas Joy" (3.09) - Shawn, while discussing an old flame with Juliet, says, "Don't worry, it was long before I knew you." Juliet insists that it is irrelevant, meaning that from her point of view, no relationship exists between them. Shawn, however, does not seem convinced.
"Six Feet Under the Sea" (3.10) - Juliet befriends a woman named April, who expresses an interest in Shawn and asks for Juliet's opinion of him. Juliet's reaction implies that she has feelings for Shawn. Later, Shawn asks April out, but she turns him down because she does not want to "get in the way." She wishes Shawn good luck, leaving him confused.
"Lassie Did a Bad, Bad Thing" (3.11) - Officer Drimmer asks Shawn if Juliet and he are an item. He then proceeds to tell Shawn that Juliet talks about him a lot, calling him "witty and urbane."
"Any Given Friday Night at 10PM, 9PM Central" (3.13) - Juliet is checking out one of the football players as he runs out onto the field. When he turns around, Juliet is astonished to discover that he is Shawn! Later, Juliet smiles widely as she watches Shawn leading a football team out onto the field, but quickly hides it when Gus notices.
"Tuesday the 17th" (3.15) - When Shawn is introducing Juliet, he calls her "one of Santa Barbara's finest, both literally and figuratively", and Juliet is flattered rather than annoyed. Also, after Juliet saves Shawn's life by shooting his assailant in the hand, Shawn tells her, "That level of markmanship is easily one of the sexiest things that I've ever-" Juliet cuts him off, but smiles softly nonetheless.
"An Evening with Mr. Yang" (3.16) - Juliet finally asks out Shawn on a date, and owns up to the fact that she has been sending mixed signals. Unfortunately, Shawn tells her the timing is awful, as he is on a date with his old high-school flame, Abigail. When Shawn explains the situation, Juliet understands. She kisses him on the cheek and leaves. Shawn is obviously affected by the kiss, but rejoins Abigail.

text: Season four

text:
"Extradition: British Columbia" (4.01) - Shawn does not know how to act around Juliet, now that he is dating Abigail. He tells Juliet, "I refuse to feel uncomfortable around you. It's silly. You mean too much to me, and I am perfectly capable of keeping this [their friendship] platonic, as long as you are." Juliet replies, "I am too! Great!" As she walks away, Shawn questions, "But how?" They also take what feels like a romantic stroll, as pointed out by Juliet, on a suspension bridge overlooking a river.
"High Noon-ish" (4.03) - Shawn tips his cowboy hat at Juliet and winks at her. Juliet smiles, but quickly looks down as if embarrassed.
"Bollywood Homicide" (4.06) - When Shawn asks if Juliet believes in love curses, she says whenever someone is looking for their soulmate, it can feel like outsides forces are conspiring against them. Shawn moves closer to Juliet, and she leans back, probably thinking that Shawn is going to kiss her. She asks, "Shawn, what are you doing?" Shawn does not answer the question, instead pointing out a clue that he had seen while they were moving toward each other. When Raj and Juliet go on their pretend date, Shawn, watching from a car, is clearly jealous when Raj starts to hold Juliet's hand, as noted by Gus and Lassiter. Later, Shawn rescues Juliet from an unstable suspect threatening her with a knife. Abigail tells Shawn that she was very impressed that he would risk his life for a random coworker. Shawn glances over at Juliet and says, "She's not random." So Abigail would not get the wrong impression, Shawn quickly corrects himself, saying he would do that for anyone.
"Shawn Takes a Shot in the Dark" (4.09) - After Shawn's kidnapping, Juliet goes to his apartment with Gus to search for clues. When she sees Abigail's toothbrush and some items, she becomes very curious if Abigail moved in. Gus replies that they have reached the "he has a drawer, she has a toothbrush" stage to which Juliet seems affected. Shawn, who has been shot and kidnapped, tells one of his kidnappers that he has a girlfriend named Abigail and that he wants to call her to say goodbye before they kill him. Shawn then calls Juliet and proceeds to give her clues about his whereabouts. The kidnapper tells Shawn to tell "Abigail" that he loves her. Shawn does. Juliet, believing the profession of love to be real, responds by saying, "Shawn, I think I..." Shawn interrupts her by saying, "Goodbye, Abigail." He hangs up. Juliet is clearly confused, but is able to use his clues to track down his whereabouts, and he is saved. After the ordeal, Shawn discusses with Gus the possibility that Juliet was going to say, "I love you" back. Although Gus states the possibility that she was just doing what she had to do, Shawn does not seem convinced.
"You Can't Handle This Episode" (4.10) - Juliet's brother, Ewan O'Hara, reveals that Juliet has said a lot of good things about Shawn. Later, Ewan says explicitly that Juliet "likes [Shawn] a lot", and he puts his stamp of approval on Shawn, as well. Meanwhile, Abigail leaves for Uganda.
"A Very Juliet Episode" (4.12) - Juliet receives news that her college boyfriend Scott might be dead. After receiving the awful news, Shawn and she take a long walk together through the park, during which Shawn gives Juliet a friendly hug. Shawn then searches high and low for Scott, who turns out to be in witness protection. Once the couple is reunited, Shawn is clearly jealous. Shawn bargains with the criminal Scott put in jail to not have Scott harmed if Shawn will prove the criminal's innocence. Shawn holds up his end of the bargain, and though Scott was no longer in danger, Juliet and he parted ways, agreeing to meet again in a year.
"Death Is in the Air" (4.13) - At the beginning of the episode, Shawn and Gus are talking about all the things Shawn can do since he is single and does not need to impress anyone, but then Juliet walks up and he immediately throws away his stinky snack- obviously he wants to impress Juliet. More importantly, Juliet gets exposed to the Thornburg virus and Shawn rushes to find the antidote. Upon returning, Shawn explains to Gus that the threat of Juliet's mortality made him realize he does not have as much time as he thought; he has to tell her how he feels. Gus informs them both that Juliet has not contracted the virus after all, but Shawn tries to go through with his admission, anyway. He ultimately stumbles and fails to tell Juliet how he feels, which is immediately followed by Lassiter's entry into the room, effectively killing the moment.
"Mr. Yin Presents" (4.16) - A serial killer named Mr. Yin kidnaps both Juliet and Abigail, who just returned from Uganda. Yin forces Shawn to choose one of them to save, but only has Juliet read him the clue to save her life. Juliet tries to tell Shawn he can save Abigail, but Yin cuts her off. Shawn gets the clue to save Abigail from Yang's book, and sends Gus with Lassie to save Juliet, saying the only way he would be able to not be there for Jules is if he knows that Gus is. Lassiter and Gus arrive and they are able to save Juliet in time, while Shawn is able to save Abigail. At the end, Juliet breaks down sobbing as Lassiter hugs her. Abigail tells Shawn she cannot handle the danger and breaks up with him.

text: Season five

text:
"Romeo and Juliet and Juliet" (5.01) - Juliet was temporarily reassigned to City Hall sometime shortly after her ordeal with Mr. Yin to deal with the stress from it. Shawn seeks her help on a case from which his father has barred him, involving a kidnapping within two rival Chinese gangs. Juliet gives him information, but does not return to the SBPD. Shawn calls her for back up before confronting kidnapper, Teno Tan. He is easily outmatched, but Teno surrenders when Juliet arrives before Shawn is killed. They thank each other and agree to hug, but Lassiter interrupts. Shawn calls for a rain check.
"Feet Don't Kill Me Now" (5.02) - Henry allows Shawn and Juliet to team up after Lassiter chooses Gus to help on the case. Their partnership does not hold up, as Shawn realizes he works best with Gus, as does Juliet with Lassiter. Shawn and Juliet attend a tap recital together to support their respective partners.
"Shawn 2.0" (5.08) - Shawn plans to invite Juliet to a friend's wedding, but "criminal profiler" Declan Rand beats him to the punch. Juliet offers to reschedule, but Shawn plays it off not wanting her to be forced. Shawn becomes increasingly jealous of Declan, whom Gus dubs "Shawn 2.0" because of their similarities. Like Shawn, Declan is a fraud who acquired his profiling expertise from his father. Both threaten to expose each other if either one of them does not come clean himself. Like he has the entire episode, Declan beats Shawn, making his confession to Juliet first. She forgives Declan and they go for coffee, leaving Shawn unable to say anything.
"One, Maybe Two, Ways Out" (5.09) - Juliet is now in a serious relationship with Declan, of which Shawn is very jealous. Declan is even planning a vacation for Juliet and himself. After Shawn and Gus cause Nadia's capture, Juliet overhears Shawn telling Gus that he cannot be happy without her, though he knows he should be glad that she is happily in a relationship. Juliet is visibly affected by his words. After Nadia is freed and Fong is taken into custody, Shawn and Gus again arrive at Declan's residence. Declan tells them to make their visit quick, as he is bidding 30 million euros on an item over the phone. Gus, intrigued by this, follows Declan upstairs. Shawn is left alone in the foyer, at which point Juliet enters the room, surprised to see him. She questions Shawn about how he solved such an intricate case and why there might be three creme brulé dishes at Declan's computer, but he does not rat out Declan for helping. Shawn wishes her a great four days off, but she corrects that it is two weeks, visibly upsetting him. He makes Juliet promise to enjoy her vacation, and tells her to take many mental photographs. As Shawn starts going off on a tangent, Juliet abruptly kisses him. She then pulls back, and both Shawn and she are left speechless from the kiss. Declan and Gus return, and Shawn, too stunned to make any witty remarks, simply wishes them a good vacation. Declan goes to pack as Shawn and Gus leave, and Shawn takes one more look at Juliet before he closes the door. Juliet is left standing in the foyer, alone.
"Extradition II: The Actual Extradition Part" (5.10) - Shawn and Gus are invited to visit Despereaux in Canada. Before Shawn leaves, his father advises him to speak with Juliet, as he overheard Shawn talk about her via butt dialing. Shawn asks after her at the station, but Buzz tells him she already has her passport. Juliet and Lassiter arrive to take Despereaux to the United States, to Shawn's visible shock, and he asks Juliet to talk. Later, Juliet comes to his hotel room and tells him that she had broken up with Declan, but Shawn cannot talk with her as Gus and Despereaux are inside, resulting in Jules walking away upset. At the end of the episode, Shawn asks Lassiter where Juliet is, with the answer "Grabbin' a muffin". He finds her at a platform overlooking the ocean, but she is still upset, claiming they missed their moment. Shawn does not give up and explains to Juliet that since they met, he has thought about replacing his motorcycle, a beloved symbol of freedom, with a car. They kiss passionately, but are disrupted by the tourists at the overlook. Then, they move to a gift shop, where they are interrupted by a customer who calls Juliet a "slut". They then go to a car, and are once more interrupted by a cop. Shawn realizes that he has a room before the camera pans to the sky.
"In Plain Fright" (5.11) - At the beginning of the episode,t Shawn and Juliet are revealed to be officially a couple.
"Dual Spires" (5.12) Shawn and Gus are standing near the lake where their murder victim was found, and where the only cell service zone in the town is. When Juliet shows up unexpectedly. Shawn distracts Gus by saying, "Dude, labradoodle!", and Juliet and Shawn share a quick kiss.
"Yang 3 in 2D" (5.16) - Juliet seems uneasy as Shawn (now her boyfriend) sides with a supposed Yin kidnap victim. When Shawn and Gus are trapped inside Yin's house, she is the first to get Yang out of confinement, and when Yang tries to make a deal with the police, Jules agrees. Yang gets to take an updated picture with Shawn, and Juliet is the only person to accompany her into the house. Juliet does not hesitate to agree to the conditions and the two enter the house. Shawn is saved, and after Yang gets her picture, she says to Shawn, "Catch up with you later, Mr. Spencer." After finishing his statement on the Yin case, Shawn goes looking for Jules, and finds her in the interrogation room. She says she cannot finish her statement because it is like "marking the time 'til the next crazy rolls in." To that, Shawn replies that he is there for her and will "always protect her", and she responds the same and Shawn kisses her hand. He then tells her he will see her that night later on and kisses her on the lips. The camera pans to reveal that Lassiter has seen and heard their entire conversation and now knows about their secret romantic relationship.

text: Season six

text:
"Shawn Rescues Darth Vader" (6.01) - Lassiter hooks Juliet to a lie detector and tries to trick her into admitting she is in a relationship with Shawn. She later confesses to Lassiter outright that she is dating Shawn , but he feels their trust has been broken. Lassiter puts Shawn in the same lie detector when the latter seemingly was at the crime scene. Shawn declares this has to do with Juliet and his romantic involvement, and he blurts out that he loves her, shocking everyone in the room and himself. He also admits while under the lie detector that he is a psychic, which further deepens Juliet's trust in Shawn. Later, Lassiter warns Shawn if he hurts Juliet, he will discharge his weapon...repeatedly.
"Last Night Gus" (6.02) - Due to some drugged drinks, Shawn forgets a conversation he had with Juliet when she tells him they need to talk about it, and saying it was serious causing him to freak out. She reveals that he had asked her to move in and is surprised he does not remember. They agree that it is probably too soon.
"The Amazing Psych-Man and Tap Man, Issue #2" (6.04) - Shawn quickly becomes jealous as Juliet shows admiration for the Mantis, a vigilante who is competing with the SBPD to catch the Camino drug syndicate. When they are on a date, Shawn realizes that Juliet got a text from the SBPD that requires her to leave. Though reluctant, she departs.
"Shawn, Interrupted" (6.06) - Juliet shows concern for Shawn when he goes under cover at a mental institution, admitting that her deepest fear was that Shawn would not be able to come out, after Shawn makes an off-hand comment about enjoying it there, "Spoiler. I'm making you a wallet." Shawn reassures her, but Juliet is still not at ease.
"In for a Penny..." (6.07) - Shawn invites Juliet's estranged con-artist dad, Frank, to her birthday party, then hires him to assist on a case. Juliet is furious with Shawn and has no intention of reconciling with her father. She changes her mind when Frank tells her he attended all her recitals and talent shows. At her birthday party, Juliet has made peace with her dad and forgiven Shawn, since his heart was in the right place.
"Neil Simon's Lover's Retreat" (6.09) - Shawn and Juliet go away on a romantic vacation, but they are robbed by their new 'friends', who call themselves "Barbie and Clive", possibly taken from the 1930s criminals, Bonnie and Clyde. While tracking down the thieves, they come across a murder, effectively spoiling their plans. Shawn apologizes, since Juliet had "definite expectations" for their vacation, including the "M word", causing Juliet to explain that she had not been expecting a marriage proposal, since it is too soon and she was in no way ready to get married. Shawn agrees seemingly relieved. The clerk returns Shawn's stolen Nintendo DS, which Shawn had been having a fit about throughout the episode when discovering it had been stolen, much to Juliet's annoyance and confusion. Gus hears a rattle from inside it; he opens the battery case and finds an engagement ring, revealing that Shawn had actually planned to propose to Juliet during their vacation.
"Indiana Shawn and the Temple of the Kinda Crappy, Rusty Old Dagger" (6.10) - The episode opens up to Gus confronting Shawn over the ring he found, and Gus is clearly upset because Shawn was going to propose to Juliet, and never told Gus about it. Shawn apologizes, telling Gus that he "had to be ready for a Shamu moment." Shawn promises that when he pops the question to Juliet, Gus will be there, and offers a fist bump, which Gus ignores, saying, "That's storybook right there."
"Heeeeere's Lassie" (6.11) - Shawn keeps looking for a spot to stash the ring, since he is not ready to give it to Juliet. Gus suggests putting it back in Henry's drawer if he is not going to propose. Juliet's dad Frank arrives from Tanzania, stating he got Shawn's voicemail saying he had something important to discuss. Shawn left the voicemail when he was considering proposing and wanted to ask Frank for his blessing. He asks for permission to marry Juliet in case he needs it in the future. Frank explains to Shawn he wants his daughter to marry someone honest and asks if Shawn has ever lied to Juliet, which Shawn hesitates before answering. Gus answers in the affirmative and Frank leaves without offering or denying his blessing, leaving Shawn confused about whether or not he had Juliet's father's blessing to one day propose to Juliet.
"Shawn and the Real Girl" (6.12) - Juliet proves to be jealous as Shawn infiltrates into a reality show in which several men vie for the heart of a woman. Later, Shawn admits to considering himself lucky to have her in his life.
"Santabarbaratown" (6.16) - At the end, Juliet and Shawn are walking by the station, talking about Shawn moving in with her.

text: Season seven

text:
"Juliet Takes a Luvvah" (7.02) - Juliet and Shawn decide to live together.
"No Country for Two Old Men" (7.04) - After a homewarming party for Juliet and Shawn, her stepfather Lloyd runs into trouble with Mexican gangsters over his gambling debts.
"Deez Nups" (7.07) - During Lassiter's wedding reception, Juliet confronts Shawn about inconsistencies that she found in his latest "vision", leading her to deduce that he is a mentalist, not a psychic, which Shawn confirms. Heartbroken, Juliet splashes her drink in Shawn's face, tearfully exiting the scene.
"Right Turn or Left for Dead" (7.08) - Juliet tells Shawn to move out.
"Juliet Wears the Pantsuit" (7.09) - Shawn moves out, reluctantly. At the end of the episode, he helps Juliet repair a window and they are seen to still have chemistry. However, Juliet is not ready to forgive him for lying.
"Santa Barbarian Candidate" (7.10) - Juliet attends the Founders Gala as Shawn's date. As they dance, Juliet learns that Shawn went back to take dancing lessons that he had previously lied about going to when he learned what it meant to her. Juliet asks where "this Shawn" was when they were dating, to which he says that he's "right here". After dancing with him, she admits to Shawn that she still has feelings for him, but tells him that he has to tell Chief Vick about his lie about being a psychic. He refuses to, as he would not be able to do good or help people's lives like he always has. Juliet tells him that what he does is not good for everyone. At the end of the episode, Shawn decides to confess his lie to Chief Vick for the sake of smoothing things back over with Juliet. He almost tells Chief Vick that he is not a psychic, but Juliet comes in claiming that Shawn led her to Mike’s house to get the photos. She tells Shawn later on that she could not be selfish and have him reveal his lie. She seems to be slowly beginning to trust him again. Shawn makes an attempt to kiss her, but she says that she is not ready to get back together yet. Despite telling him this, the two agree to go out to eat together.
"Office Space" (7.11) - After going out to eat together from the previous episode, Juliet and Shawn are shown asleep next to each other in bed at her place. While sleeping, he wakes up to Gus tapping on the window, and leaves to help him. Later, at the station, Shawn and she are talking, and he remarks, "[they are] back in the saddle". However, Juliet says that nothing is back yet, what they did was a "one-time thing", and since they were adults, "it happens".
"Nip and Suck It" (7.13) - At the end of the episode, Shawn tells Gus that Juliet and he are officially back together. Shawn remarks that Juliet made him "work" for it, but that they are finally together again.
"No Trout About It" (7.14) - Shawn and Juliet make a romantically goofy phone call as revealed by Shawn when retelling a case to a police consultant, much to Juliet's embarrassment. She later voices her concerns about her position at the department due to intraoffice dating with Shawn, which is usually against police regulations.

text: Season eight

text: "The Break Up" (8.10) - Shawn and Juliet get engaged to be married outside a crime scene in San Francisco, only to have the engagement ring get stolen by a mugger.

text: Psych: The Movie

text: Shawn and Juliet finally marry after the engagement ring is retrieved.


document_title: 2017–18 NBA season

question_text: when does the first nba basketball game start

root

text: 2017–18 NBA season

text: Transactions[edit]

text: Retirement[edit]

text:
On July 17, 2017, Paul Pierce signed a ceremonial contract with the Boston Celtics and officially retired as a Celtic after playing 19 seasons and winning one championship with the Celtics.[3]
On July 19, 2017, James Jones was announced to be the vice president of basketball operations for the Phoenix Suns, which signified his retirement after playing 14 seasons and winning two championships with the Miami Heat and one championship with the Cleveland Cavaliers.[4]
On August 4, 2017, Jason Maxiell signed a ceremonial contract with the Detroit Pistons and officially retired after playing 14 seasons.[5]
On August 15, 2017, Tayshaun Prince was announced to be assistant general manager for the Memphis Grizzlies, which signified his retirement after playing 15 seasons and winning one championship with the Detroit Pistons.[6]
On September 2, 2017, Primož Brezec announced his retirement after 21 professional seasons. Brezec had played in Russia, Cyprus, Kuwait and his native country Slovenia since last playing in the NBA during the 2009–10 NBA season.[7]
On October 23, 2017 Ron Artest was hired as player development coach for the South Bay Lakers The Los Angeles Lakers D-Affiltate ending his 18 year player career of NBA winning 1 NBA Championship with the Los Angeles Lakers.

tag: ul

text: Free agency[edit]

text: Free agency negotiations began on July 1. Players began signing on July 6, after the July moratorium ended.

tag: p

text: Coaching changes[edit]

text:
Coaching changes

In-season

Team
Outgoing coach
Incoming coach

Phoenix Suns
Earl Watson
Jay Triano (interim)

text: Off-season[edit]

text: For the first time since the inauguration of the BAA, there will be no coaching changes entering training camp.[8] In fact, the 536 days had from Dave Joerger being fired as coach of the Memphis Grizzlies to the day the Phoenix Suns fired Earl Watson as head coach would be the longest period in NBA history without any coaching changes occur.

text: In-season[edit]

text: On October 22, 2017, the Phoenix Suns fired head coach Earl Watson and replaced him with the team's associate coach Jay Triano as interim head coach for the rest of the season.[9]

text: Preseason[edit]

text: The preseason began on September 30 and ended on October 13.

text: International games[edit]

text: The Golden State Warriors and Minnesota Timberwolves played two preseason games in China, at Shenzhen on October 5 and Shanghai on October 8.[10] Minnesota won the first game 111–97, while Golden State emerged victorious in the second one, 142–110.

text: Regular season[edit]

text: The regular season began on October 17, 2017. Christmas Day games will be played on December 25, 2017.[2] The regular season will end on April 11, 2018.

text:
Eastern Conference

Atlantic Division
W
L
PCT
GB
Home
Road
Div
GP

Boston Celtics
3
2
.600
0.0
2–1
1–1
1–0
5

Brooklyn Nets
3
2
.600
0.0
3–0
0–2
0–0
5

Toronto Raptors
2
2
.500
0.5
2–0
0–2
0–0
4

Philadelphia 76ers
1
4
.200
2.0
0–2
1–2
0–1
5

New York Knicks
0
3
.000
2.0
0–1
0–2
0–0
3

Central Division
W
L
PCT
GB
Home
Road
Div
GP

Cleveland Cavaliers
3
2
.600
0.0
2–1
1–1
1–0
5

Detroit Pistons
3
2
.600
0.0
2–1
1–1
0–0
5

Milwaukee Bucks
3
2
.600
0.0
2–2
1–0
0–1
5

Indiana Pacers
2
3
.400
1.0
1–1
1–2
0–0
5

Chicago Bulls
1
3
.250
1.5
1–1
0–2
0–0
4

Southeast Division
W
L
PCT
GB
Home
Road
Div
GP

Orlando Magic
3
1
.750
0.0
2–0
1–1
1–0
4

Washington Wizards
3
1
.750
0.0
2–0
1–1
0–0
4

Charlotte Hornets
2
2
.500
1.0
2–0
0–2
1–0
4

Miami Heat
2
2
.500
1.0
2–1
0–1
1–1
4

Atlanta Hawks
1
4
.200
2.5
0–0
1–4
0–2
5

Western Conference

Northwest Division
W
L
PCT
GB
Home
Road
Div
GP

Portland Trail Blazers
3
2
.600
0.0
1–1
2–1
0–0
5

Oklahoma City Thunder
2
2
.500
0.5
2–1
0–1
0–2
4

Minnesota Timberwolves
2
3
.400
1.0
1–1
1–2
2–0
5

Utah Jazz
2
3
.400
1.0
2–0
0–3
1–1
5

Denver Nuggets
1
3
.250
1.5
1–1
0–2
0–0
4

Pacific Division
W
L
PCT
GB
Home
Road
Div
GP

Los Angeles Clippers
4
0
1.000
0.0
2–0
2–0
2–0
4

Golden State Warriors
3
2
.600
1.5
1–1
2–1
0–0
5

Los Angeles Lakers
2
2
.500
2.0
1–2
1–0
1–1
4

Phoenix Suns
2
3
.400
2.5
2–2
0–1
1–2
5

Sacramento Kings
1
4
.200
3.5
0–2
1–2
0–1
5

Southwest Division
W
L
PCT
GB
Home
Road
Div
GP

San Antonio Spurs
4
0
1.000
0.0
2–0
2–0
0–0
4

Houston Rockets
4
1
.800
0.5
1–1
3–0
1–1
5

Memphis Grizzlies
4
1
.800
0.5
3–0
1–1
1–0
5

New Orleans Pelicans
2
3
.400
2.5
0–1
2–2
0–1
5

Dallas Mavericks
1
5
.167
4.0
1–3
0–2
0–1
6

text: By conference[edit]

text:
Eastern Conference

#
Team
W
L
PCT
GB
GP

1
Orlando Magic *
3
1
.750
–
4

2
Washington Wizards
3
1
.750
0.0
4

3
Boston Celtics *
3
2
.600
0.5
5

4
Brooklyn Nets
3
2
.600
0.5
5

5
Cleveland Cavaliers *
3
2
.600
0.5
5

6
Detroit Pistons
3
2
.600
0.5
5

7
Milwaukee Bucks
3
2
.600
0.5
5

8
Charlotte Hornets
2
2
.500
1.0
4

9
Miami Heat
2
2
.500
1.0
4

10
Toronto Raptors
2
2
.500
1.0
4

11
Indiana Pacers
2
3
.400
1.5
5

12
Chicago Bulls
1
3
.250
2.0
4

13
Atlanta Hawks
1
4
.200
2.5
5

14
Philadelphia 76ers
1
4
.200
2.5
5

15
New York Knicks
0
3
.000
2.5
3

Western Conference

#
Team
W
L
PCT
GB
GP

1
Los Angeles Clippers *
4
0
1.000
–
4

2
San Antonio Spurs *
4
0
1.000
0.0
4

3
Houston Rockets
4
1
.800
0.5
5

4
Memphis Grizzlies
4
1
.800
0.5
5

5
Golden State Warriors
3
2
.600
1.5
5

6
Portland Trail Blazers *
3
2
.600
1.5
5

7
Los Angeles Lakers
2
2
.500
2.0
4

8
Oklahoma City Thunder
2
2
.500
2.0
4

9
Minnesota Timberwolves
2
3
.400
2.5
5

10
New Orleans Pelicans
2
3
.400
2.5
5

11
Phoenix Suns
2
3
.400
2.5
5

12
Utah Jazz
2
3
.400
2.5
5

13
Denver Nuggets
1
3
.250
3.0
4

14
Sacramento Kings
1
4
.200
3.5
5

15
Dallas Mavericks
1
5
.167
4.0
6

text: Notes

text: * – division leader

text: International games[edit]

text: On August 9, 2017, the NBA announced that the Brooklyn Nets would play two regular season games at Mexico City Arena in Mexico City, Mexico. On December 7, 2017, the Nets would play against the Oklahoma City Thunder and on December 9, 2017, they would match up against the Miami Heat.[11]

text: On August 10, 2017, the NBA announced that the Philadelphia 76ers would play the Boston Celtics at The O2 Arena in London, United Kingdom on January 11, 2018.[12]

text: Awards[edit]

text: Players of the Week[edit]

text: The following players were named the Eastern and Western Conference Players of the Week.

text:
Week
Eastern Conference
Western Conference
Ref.

01October 17–22
Antetokounmpo, GiannisGiannis Antetokounmpo (Milwaukee Bucks) (1/1)
Harden, JamesJames Harden (Houston Rockets) (1/1)

02October 23–29

text: Players of the Month[edit]

text: The following players were named the Eastern and Western Conference Players of the Month.

text:
Month
Eastern Conference
Western Conference
Ref.

01October

text: Rookies of the Month[edit]

text: The following players were named the Eastern and Western Conference Rookies of the Month.

text: Coaches of the Month[edit]

text: The following coaches were named the Eastern and Western Conference Coaches of the Month.

text: Arenas[edit]

text:
This will be the Detroit Pistons' first season at Little Caesars Arena after playing at The Palace of Auburn Hills from 1988 to 2017. The team will play their first game there against the Charlotte Hornets on October 18, 2017. This will also mark the first time the Pistons have regularly played in the city of Detroit since 1978.[13]
This will be the Milwaukee Bucks' final season at the BMO Harris Bradley Center, their home since 1988. The team will play its final game there on April 9 against the Orlando Magic. The team is scheduled to move into the new Wisconsin Entertainment and Sports Center prior to the start of the 2018–19 NBA season.[14] The team will also play a "Return to the MECCA" game at the UW–Milwaukee Panther Arena (the former Milwaukee or 'MECCA' Arena, their home from 1969 until 1989) on October 26 against the Boston Celtics as part of the team's 50th season celebration.[15]
The Washington Wizards home arena, the Verizon Center, was renamed to Capital One Arena.[16]
The Toronto Raptors owners Maple Leaf Sports & Entertainment announce that their Air Canada Centre arena will be renamed Scotiabank Arena at the end of the 2017–18 season.[17]

text: Media[edit]

text: This will be the second season of the current nine-year contracts with ABC, ESPN, TNT, and NBA TV.

text: Uniforms[edit]

text:
Nike will be the official on-court apparel provider beginning with the 2017–18 season.[18] During this time, each team will be provided with four different jersey apparel that will be displayed throughout the seasons: the "Association Edition", "Icon Edition", "Statement Edition" (tentatively called the Athlete's Mindset), and "Community Edition" jerseys will replace the more typical home and road jersey ideas with alternatives also being included as well. In addition to those jerseys, eight teams will also be provided a "Classic Edition" jersey to commemorate some of their past designs throughout the season.
The Charlotte Hornets will use an Air Jordan-branded apparel, which is endorsed by their owner Michael Jordan and is owned by Nike.[19]
The Cleveland Cavaliers debuted their new uniforms for the 2017–18 season after unveiling the new logo on May 31, 2017.[20]
The Detroit Pistons debuted their new uniforms for the 2017–18 season after unveiling the new logo on May 17, 2017.[21]
The Indiana Pacers debuted their new uniforms for the 2017–18 season after unveiling new alternate logos and home floor along with their uniforms on July 28, 2017.[22][23]
The Minnesota Timberwolves debuted their new uniforms for the 2017–18 season after unveiling the new logo on April 11, 2017,[24] and unveiling their new uniforms on August 10, 2017.[25]
The Portland Trail Blazers debuted their new uniforms for the 2017–18 season after unveiling the new logo on May 8, 2017,[26] and unveiling their new uniforms on July 29, 2017.[27]

text: Uniform sponsorships[edit]

text: Advertisements begin to appear on league uniforms starting this season. As of October 25, 2017, eighteen teams have confirmed to sign uniform sponsorship deals:

text:
Atlanta Hawks – Sharecare[28]
Boston Celtics – General Electric[29]
Brooklyn Nets – Infor[30]
Cleveland Cavaliers – Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company[31]
Denver Nuggets – Western Union[32]
Detroit Pistons – Flagstar Bank[33]
Golden State Warriors – Rakuten[34]
Los Angeles Lakers – Wish[35]
Miami Heat – Ultimate Software[36]
Milwaukee Bucks – Harley-Davidson[37]
Minnesota Timberwolves – Fitbit[38]
New Orleans Pelicans – Zatarain's[39]
New York Knicks – Squarespace[40]
Orlando Magic – The Walt Disney Company[41]
Philadelphia 76ers – StubHub[42]
Sacramento Kings – Blue Diamond Growers[43]
Toronto Raptors – Sun Life Financial[44]
Utah Jazz – Qualtrics[45]

text: Notable occurrences[edit]

text:
On July 6, 2017, the NBA unveiled an update to its logo, featuring new typography and a modified color scheme.[46]
The regular season will start eight days earlier than the previous season. This move by the NBA aims for fewer "back-to-back" games, even fewer than the previous season which had already reached an all-time low to help address teams that are "resting" their superstars.[1]
The NBA have decreased the maximum number of timeouts in a game from eighteen to fourteen. The three team timeouts during the last two minutes of the game was also decreased to two per team in the last three minutes to improve the flow and pace of the game.[47]
The trade deadline was moved from four days after the NBA All-Star Game to ten days before so teams can settle their rosters before the All-Star break.[48]
Free-throw shooters will be assessed a delay-of-game violation if they venture outside of the three-point line in between attempts.[49]
The NBA also introduces the addition of two-way contract players, signifying an increasing partnership between the NBA and the newly branded NBA G League.[50]
Referees can now assess dangerous closeouts of defenders to jump shooters with little space to land for a technical or a flagrant foul. Informally dubbed as the "Zaza rule".[51][52] Also, officials can now assess if a player is in a shooting motion when determining if a perimeter foul is a shooting or a common foul. The type of foul will be determined on the sequencing of the player's movement if the foul happened before or after the player starts a shooting motion. Additionally, they can also assess an offensive foul if an offensive player intentionally lunged into the defender or locked arms to create contact. Informally dubbed as the "Harden rule".[53][54]
On September 28, 2017, the NBA board of governors approved the changes to draft lottery system to discourage teams from losing on purpose. Starting with the 2018–19 NBA season, teams with three worst records will have equal odds at the #1 pick. In addition, the revised draft lottery will consist of selecting the top four teams instead of the usual three that occurred for over two decades.[55] The approval for the change was nearly unanimous, with the exceptions of the Oklahoma City Thunder being the only team to vote against and the Dallas Mavericks abstaining from voting.[56]
On October 3, 2017, the NBA and NBPA announced the changes to the NBA All-Star Game format. The vote leaders for each conferences will be assigned as team captains and will be able to select players from the rest of the starters and the reserves, regardless of the conference they play in, to form their own teams. The newly formed teams will also play for a charity of choice to help the games remain competitive. This marks the first time, the conferences will not play against each other since the inaugural All-Star game. Selection process will remain the same.[57]
On October 17, 2017, season opener with the Cleveland Cavaliers against the Boston Celtics, Gordon Hayward landed awkwardly on his ankle with his behind after attempting an alley-oop off a pass from Kyrie Irving. He suffered a dislocated ankle and a fractured tibia five minutes into the game in his debut as a Celtic.[58]
On October 18, 2017, Brooklyn Nets point guard Jeremy Lin fell to the ground hard after making a layup when playing the Indiana Pacers, causing him to miss the entire season. He suffered a ruptured patellar tendon of his right knee.
On October 19, 2017, Oklahoma City Thunder point guard Russell Westbrook recorded his 80th career triple-double.
On October 25, 2017 Cleveland Cavaliers point guard LeBron James recorded his 56th career triple-double and 1st triple-double career as starting point guard.
On October 25, 2017, Oklahoma City Thunder point guard Russell Westbrook recorded his 81st career triple-double.


document_title: List of Green Bay Packers retired numbers

question_text: who wore number 7 for the green bay packers

text: Retired numbers[edit]

text:
No.
Player Name
Position
Seasons with franchise
Year number retired
References

Canadeo, TonyTony Canadeo[a]
Halfback
1941–44
1946–52
1952

Favre, BrettBrett Favre
Quarterback
1992–2007
2015

Hutson, DonDon Hutson
Wide receiver
1935–45
1951

Starr, BartBart Starr
Quarterback
1956–71
1973

Nitschke, RayRay Nitschke
Linebacker
1958–72
1983

White, ReggieReggie White
Defensive end
1993–98
2007

text:
Tony Canadeo

Brett Favre

Don Hutson

Bart Starr

Ray Nitschke

Reggie White
(right foreground)

text: Possible additions[edit]

text: Founder, coach and player Curly Lambeau is the only Packer credited with wearing jersey number 1. It has yet to be retired.[5]

text: Paul Hornung's No. 5 was unofficially retired at the Packers' annual press party on July 10, 1967, although there has not been a ceremony to put his number on the wall of retired numbers at Lambeau Field.[6]

text: In the 2013 training camp pre-season games, jersey No. 1 has been worn by rookie wide receiver Alex Gillett, and No. 5 by rookie wide receiver Omarius Hines. Quarterback Don Majkowski wore No. 5 his rookie season (1987) before switching to No. 7.[7]

text: Notes[edit]

text: Jump up ^ In 1961, kicker Ben Agajanian, who played only three games for the Packers, wore Canadeo's No. 3 after being assigned it by mistake.[4]

tag: ol


document_title: Political power in the United States over time

question_text: how long did the democrats control the house and senate

text: Control of United States Congress[edit]

text: Since 1855 the United States Congress has been dominated by a two party system comprised on one side by the Democratic Party and the Republican Party on the other. While other political parties over time have and may still exist, no other parties have possessed the support, organization and historical legacy these two parties do.

text: Parts of this article (those related to article) need to be updated. Please update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. (October 2016)

text:
Senate
House of Representatives

Control of the U.S. Senate:1855-2010[1][2][3]

Control of the U.S. House:1855-2010[1][2][3]

text: Dominant Party[edit]

text: Over the past 100 years the Democratic party has held power nearly twice as long as the Republicans in both the Senate and the House. And the Democratic party has had control of the White House and the two Houses of Congress for 35 years, compared to 16 years for the Republican party over the last 100 years

text: Party Control of Congress[edit]

text: Note: The following statistics consider 2001 as a year in which the Democrats controlled the Senate, although they did not control it for the entire year.

text: Senate Control by Party Past 100 Years[edit]

text: The following statistics reflect the years each political party has controlled a majority in the Senate over the past 100 years (1916–2015).

text:
Party
Years in Control

Democrats:
66 yrs [4]

Republicans:
34

text: The following statistics reflect the years each political party has controlled a majority in the House of Representatives over the past 100 years (1916–2015).

text:
Party
Years in Control

Democrats:
65 yrs

Republicans:
35 yrs

text: Senate and House Control by Party Past 100 Years[edit]

text: The following statistics reflect the years each political party has control a majority in both the Senate and House of Representatives concurrently over the past 100 years (1916–2015).

text:
Party
Years in Control

Democrats:
57 yrs

Republicans:
27 yrs

Neither Party:
16 yrs

text: Full Congress and White House Control by Party Past 100 Years[edit]

text: The following statistics reflect the years each political party has controlled a majority across both the Senate and House of Representatives and White House concurrently over the past 100 years (1916–2015).

text:
Party
Years in Control

Democrats:
35 yrs

Republicans:
16 yrs

Neither Party:
0 yrs

text: Party Control of White House[edit]

text:
Party
Years in Control

Democrats:
52 yrs

Republicans:
48 yrs


document_title: Man of God

question_text: who can be called a man of god

question_tokens: who can be called a man of god

text: Man of God

text: Man of God is a biblical title of respect applied to prophets and beloved religious leaders. The term appears 78 times in 72 verses of the Bible, in application to up to 13 individuals:

text:
Moses (Deuteronomy 33:1; Josh. 14:6; Ps. 90:1; Ezra 3:2; 1 Chron. 23:14; 2 Chron. 30:16) Moses is the only person called “man of God” in the Torah.
The angel of the Lord who appeared to Samson's mother (Judges 13:6, 8) whom she may have taken to be a prophet (Leviticus Rabbah 1:1)
The man who chastised the Priest Eli (1 Sam. 2:27) whom Sifre identifies as Samuel’s father Elkanah (Sifre to Deut. 342:4)
Samuel (1 Sam. 9:6, 7, 8, 10)
David (Neh. 12:24, 36; 2 Chron. 8:14)
Shemaiah (1 Kings 12:22; 2 Chron. 11:2)
The man from Judah who cried out against King Jeroboam of Israel (1 Kings 13:1 (twice), 4, 5, 6 (twice), 7, 8, 11, 12, 14 (twice), 21, 26, 29, 31), whose tomb King Josiah protected and preserved when he destroyed the idolatrous tombs in Bethel (2 Kings 23:16, 17) and whom some rabbis identify as Iddo (Sifre to Deuteronomy 342:4; Pesikta de-Rav Kahana 2:85; Zohar 2:64a)
Elijah (1 Kings 17:18, 24; 2 Kings 1:9, 10, 11, 12, 13)
The man who told King Ahab of Israel that Israel could defeat the Arameans (1 Kings 20:28) whom Sifre identifies as Micah (Sifre to Deut. 342:4), but who from context might also be Elijah
Elisha (2 Kings 4:7, 9, 16, 21, 22, 25, 27 (twice), 40, 42; 5:8, 14, 15, 20; 6:6, 9, 10, 15; 7:2, 17, 18, 19; 8:2, 4, 7, 8, 11, 19)
Hanan son of Igdaliah (Jer. 35:4)
The man who warned King Amaziah of Judah not to go to war (2 Chronicles 25:7, 9 (twice)), whom some rabbis identify as Amoz (Sifre to Deut. 342:4; Seder Olam Rabbah 20)
Saint Timothy (1 Timothy 6:11)

text: Hebrew Bible words and phrasesNew Testament words and phrases


document_title: Anatomy of the human nose

question_text: what is the name of the skin between your nostrils

text: Anatomy of the human nose

text: Structure[edit]

text: Bone anatomy[edit]

text: In the upper portion of the nose, the paired nasal bones attach to the frontal bone. Above and to the side (superolaterally), the paired nasal bones connect to the lacrimal bones, and below and to the side (inferolaterally), they attach to the ascending processes of the maxilla (upper jaw). Above and to the back (posterosuperiorly), the bony nasal septum is composed of the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone. The vomer bone lies below and to the back (posteroinferiorly), and partially forms the choanal opening into the nasopharynx, (the upper portion of the pharynx that is continuous with the nasal passages). The floor of the nose comprises the premaxilla bone and the palatine bone, the roof of the mouth.

text: The nasal septum is composed of the quadrangular cartilage, the vomer bone (the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone), aspects of the premaxilla, and the palatine bones. Each lateral nasal wall contains three pairs of turbinates (nasal conchae), which are small, thin, shell-form bones: (i) the superior concha, (ii) the middle concha, and (iii) the inferior concha, which are the bony framework of the turbinates. Lateral to the turbinates is the medial wall of the maxillary sinus. Inferior to the nasal conchae (turbinates) is the meatus space, with names that correspond to the turbinates, e.g. superior turbinate, superior meatus, et alii. The internal roof of the nose is composed by the horizontal, perforated cribriform plate (of the ethmoid bone) through which pass sensory filaments of the olfactory nerve (Cranial nerve I); finally, below and behind (posteroinferior) the cribriform plate, sloping down at an angle, is the bony face of the sphenoid sinus.

text: The cartilaginous septum (septum nasi) extends from the nasal bones in the midline (above) to the bony septum in the midline (posteriorly), then down along the bony floor. The septum is quadrangular; the upper half is flanked by two (2) triangular-to-trapezoidal cartilages: the upper lateral-cartilages, which are fused to the dorsal septum in the midline, and laterally attached, with loose ligaments, to the bony margin of the pyriform (pear-shaped) aperture, while the inferior ends of the upper lateral-cartilages are free (unattached). The internal area (angle), formed by the septum and upper lateral-cartilage, constitutes the internal valve of the nose; the sesamoid cartilages are adjacent to the upper lateral-cartilages in the fibroareolar connective tissue. The respective external valve of each nose is variably dependent upon the size, shape, and strength of the lower lateral cartilage.[3]

text: Beneath the upper lateral-cartilages lay the lower lateral-cartilages; the paired lower lateral-cartilages swing outwards, from medial attachments, to the caudal septum in the midline (the medial crura) to an intermediate crus (shank) area. Finally, the lower lateral-cartilages flare outwards, above and to the side (superolaterally), as the lateral crura; these cartilages are mobile, unlike the upper lateral cartilages. Furthermore, some persons present anatomical evidence of nasal scrolling—i.e. an outward curving of the lower borders of the upper lateral-cartilages, and an inward curving of the cephalic borders of the alar cartilages.

text: Soft tissue[edit]

text: Nasal skin – Like the underlying bone-and-cartilage (osseo-cartilaginous) support framework of the nose, the external skin is divided into vertical thirds (anatomic sections); from the glabella (the space between the eyebrows), to the bridge, to the tip, for corrective plastic surgery, the nasal skin is anatomically considered, as the:

text:
Upper third section – the skin of the upper nose is thick, and relatively distensible (flexible and mobile), but then tapers, adhering tightly to the osseo-cartilaginous framework, and becomes the thinner skin of the dorsal section, the bridge of the nose.
Middle third section – the skin overlying the bridge of the nose (mid-dorsal section) is the thinnest, least distensible, nasal skin, because it most adheres to the support framework.
Lower third section – the skin of the lower nose is as thick as the skin of the upper nose, because it has more sebaceous glands, especially at the nasal tip.

text:
Nasal lining – At the vestibule, the human nose is lined with a mucous membrane of squamous epithelium, which tissue then transitions to become columnar respiratory epithelium, a pseudo-stratified, ciliated (lash-like) tissue with abundant seromucinous glands, which maintains the nasal moisture and protects the respiratory tract from bacteriologic infection and foreign objects.
Nasal muscles – The movements of the human nose are controlled by groups of facial and neck muscles that are set deep to the skin; they are in four (4) functional groups that are interconnected by the nasal superficial aponeurosis—the superficial musculoaponeurotic system (SMAS)—which is a sheet of dense, fibrous, collagenous connective tissue that covers, invests, and forms the terminations of the muscles.

the elevator muscle group includes the procerus muscle and the levator labii superioris alaeque nasi muscle.
the depressor muscle group includes the alar nasalis muscle and the depressor septi nasi muscle.
the compressor muscle group includes the transverse nasalis muscle.
the dilator muscle group includes the dilator naris muscle that expands the nostrils; it is in two parts: (i) the dilator nasi anterior muscle, and (ii) the dilator nasi posterior muscle.

text: Nasal subunits and nasal segments[edit]

text: To plan, map, and execute the surgical correction of a nasal defect or deformity, the structure of the external nose is divided into nine (9) aesthetic nasal subunits, and six (6) aesthetic nasal segments, which provide the plastic surgeon with the measures for determining the size, extent, and topographic locale of the nasal defect or deformity.

text:
tip subunit
columellar subunit
right alar base subunit
right alar wall subunit
left alar wall subunit
left alar base subunit
dorsal subunit
right dorsal wall subunit
left dorsal wall subunit

text: In turn, the nine (9) aesthetic nasal subunits are configured as six (6) aesthetic nasal segments; each segment comprehends a nasal area greater than that comprehended by a nasal subunit.

text:
the dorsal nasal segment
the lateral nasal-wall segments
the hemi-lobule segment
the soft-tissue triangle segments
the alar segments
the columellar segment

text: Using the co-ordinates of the subunits and segments to determine the topographic location of the defect on the nose, the plastic surgeon plans, maps, and executes a rhinoplasty procedure. The unitary division of the nasal topography permits minimal, but precise, cutting, and maximal corrective-tissue coverage, to produce a functional nose of proportionate size, contour, and appearance for the patient. Hence, if more than 50 per cent of an aesthetic subunit is lost (damaged, defective, destroyed) the surgeon replaces the entire aesthetic segment, usually with a regional tissue graft, harvested from either the face or the head, or with a tissue graft harvested from elsewhere on the patient’s body.[4]

text: Blood supply and drainage[edit]

text: Like the face, the human nose is well vascularized with arteries and veins, and thus supplied with abundant blood. The principal arterial blood-vessel supply to the nose is two-fold: (i) branches from the internal carotid artery, the branch of the anterior ethmoid artery, the branch of the posterior ethmoid artery, which derive from the ophthalmic artery; (ii) branches from the external carotid artery, the sphenopalatine artery, the greater palatine artery, the superior labial artery, and the angular artery.

text: The external nose is supplied with blood by the facial artery, which becomes the angular artery that courses over the superomedial aspect of the nose. The sellar region (sella turcica, “Turkish chair”) and the dorsal region of the nose are supplied with blood by branches of the internal maxillary artery (infraorbital) and the ophthalmic arteries that derive from the internal common carotid artery system.

text: Internally, the lateral nasal wall is supplied with blood by the sphenopalatine artery (from behind and below) and by the anterior ethmoid artery and the posterior ethmoid artery (from above and behind). The nasal septum also is supplied with blood by the sphenopalatine artery, and by the anterior and posterior ethmoid arteries, with the additional circulatory contributions of the superior labial artery and of the greater palatine artery. These three (3) vascular supplies to the internal nose converge in the Kiesselbach plexus (the Little area), which is a region in the anteroinferior-third of the nasal septum, (in front and below). Furthermore, the nasal vein vascularisation of the nose generally follows the arterial pattern of nasal vascularisation. The nasal veins are biologically significant, because they have no vessel-valves, and because of their direct, circulatory communication to the sinus caverns, which makes possible the potential intracranial spreading of a bacterial infection of the nose. Hence, because of such an abundant nasal blood supply, tobacco smoking does therapeutically compromise post-operative healing.

text: Lymphatic drainage[edit]

text: The pertinent nasal lymphatic system arises from the superficial mucosa, and drains posteriorly to the retropharyngeal nodes (in back), and anteriorly (in front), either to the upper deep cervical nodes (in the neck), or to the submandibular glands (in the lower jaw), or into both the nodes and the glands of the neck and the jaw.

text: Innervation[edit]

text: The sensations registered by the human nose derive from the first two (2) branches of cranial nerve V, the trigeminal nerve (nervus trigeminis). The nerve listings indicate the respective innervation (sensory distribution) of the trigeminal nerve branches within the nose, the face, and the upper jaw (maxilla).

text:
Lacrimal nerve – conveys sensation to the skin areas of the lateral orbital (eye socket) region, except for the lacrimal gland.
Frontal nerve – conveys sensation to the skin areas of the forehead and the scalp.
Supraorbital nerve – conveys sensation to the skin areas of the eyelids, the forehead, and the scalp.
Supratrochlear nerve – conveys sensation to the medial region of the eyelid skin area, and the medial region of the forehead skin.
Nasociliary nerve – conveys sensation to the skin area of the nose, and the mucous membrane of the anterior (front) nasal cavity.
Anterior ethmoid nerve – conveys sensation in the anterior (front) half of the nasal cavity: (a) the internal areas of the ethmoid sinus and the frontal sinus; and (b) the external areas, from the nasal tip to the rhinion: the anterior tip of the terminal end of the nasal-bone suture.
Posterior ethmoid nerve – serves the superior (upper) half of the nasal cavity, the sphenoids, and the ethmoids.
Intratrochlear nerve – conveys sensation to the medial region of the eyelids, the palpebral conjunctiva, the nasion (nasolabial junction), and the bony dorsum.

text:
Maxillary nerve – conveys sensation to the upper jaw and the face.
Infraorbital nerve – conveys sensation to the area from below the eye socket to the external nares (nostrils).
Zygomatic nerve – through the zygomatic bone and the zygomatic arch, conveys sensation to the cheekbone areas.
Superior posterior dental nerve – sensation in the teeth and the gums.
Superior anterior dental nerve – mediates the sneeze reflex.
Sphenopalatine nerve – divides into the lateral branch and the septal branch, and conveys sensation from the rear and the central regions of the nasal cavity.

text: The supply of parasympathetic nerves to the face and the upper jaw (maxilla) derives from the greater superficial petrosal (GSP) branch of cranial nerve VII, the facial nerve. The GSP nerve joins the deep petrosal nerve (of the sympathetic nervous system), derived from the carotid plexus, to form the vidian nerve (in the vidian canal) that traverses the pterygopalatine ganglion (an autonomic ganglion of the maxillary nerve), wherein only the parasympathetic nerves form synapses, which serve the lacrimal gland and the glands of the nose and of the palate, via the (upper jaw) maxillary division of cranial nerve V, the trigeminal nerve.

text: Internal nasal anatomy[edit]

text: In the midline of the nose, the septum is a composite (osseo-cartilaginous) structure that divides the nose into two (2) similar halves. The lateral nasal wall and the paranasal sinuses, the superior concha, the middle concha, and the inferior concha, form the corresponding passages, the superior meatus, the middle meatus, and the inferior meatus, on the lateral nasal wall. The superior meatus is the drainage area for the posterior ethmoid bone cells and the sphenoid sinus; the middle meatus provides drainage for the anterior ethmoid sinuses and for the maxillary and frontal sinuses; and the inferior meatus provides drainage for the nasolacrimal duct.

text: The internal nasal valve comprises the area bounded by the upper lateral-cartilage, the septum, the nasal floor, and the anterior head of the inferior turbinate. In the narrow (leptorrhine) nose, this is the narrowest portion of the nasal airway. Generally, this area requires an angle greater than 15 degrees for unobstructed breathing; for the correction of such narrowness, the width of the nasal valve can be increased with spreader grafts and flaring sutures.

text: Development[edit]

text: At four (4) weeks of gestational development, the neural crest cells (the precursors of the nose) begin their caudad migration (from the posterior) towards the midface. Two symmetrical nasal placodes (the future olfactory epithelium) develop inferiorly, which the nasal pits then divide into the medial and the lateral nasal processes (the future upper lip and nose). The medial processes then form the septum, the philtrum, and the premaxilla of the nose; the lateral processes form the sides of the nose; and the mouth forms from the stomodeum (the anterior ectodermal portion of the alimentary tract), which is inferior to the nasal complex.

text: A nasobuccal membrane separates the mouth from the nose; respectively, the inferior oral cavity (the mouth) and the superior nasal cavity (the nose). As the olfactory pits deepen, said development forms the choanae, the two openings that connect the nasal cavity and the nasopharynx (upper part of the pharynx that is continuous with the nasal passages). Initially, primitive-form choanae develop, which then further develop into the secondary, permanent choanae.

text: At ten (10) weeks of gestation, the cells differentiate into muscle, cartilage, and bone. If this important, early facial embryogenesis fails, it might result in anomalies such as choanal atresia (absent or closed passage), medial nasal clefts (fissures), or lateral nasal clefts, nasal aplasia (faulty or incomplete development), and polyrrhinia (double nose).[5]

text: This normal, human embryologic development is exceptionally important — because the newborn infant breathes through his or her nose during the first 6 weeks of life — thus, when a child is afflicted with bilateral choanal atresia, the blockage of the posterior nasal passage, either by abnormal bony tissue or by abnormal soft tissue, emergency remedial action is required to ensure that the child can breathe.[6]


document_title: List of cities in West Virginia

question_text: what is the biggest town in west virginia

text: List of cities in West Virginia

text: West Virginia is a state located in the Southern United States. The following is a list of cities in West Virginia, arranged by population.

text: List by population[edit]

text:
County seat
     State capital and county seat

tag: div

text:
2014 Rank
City
2014 Estimate[1]
2010 Census[2]
Change
County

7000100000000000000♠1
Charleston ††
50,404
51,400
2999806225680933850♠−1.94%
Kanawha

7000200000000000000♠2
Huntington
48,807
49,138
3000326386910334160♠−0.67%
Cabell

7000300000000000000♠3
Morgantown
31,073
29,660
7000476399190829400♠+4.76%
Monongalia

7000400000000000000♠4
Parkersburg
30,981
31,492
2999837736568017270♠−1.62%
Wood

7000500000000000000♠5
Wheeling
27,790
28,486
2999755669451660459♠−2.44%
Ohio

7000600000000000000♠6
Weirton
19,362
19,746
2999805530233971440♠−1.94%
Hancock

7000700000000000000♠7
Fairmont
18,740
18,704
6999192472198460210♠+0.19%
Marion

7000800000000000000♠8
Martinsburg
17,743
17,227
7000299529807859760♠+3.00%
Berkeley

7000900000000000000♠9
Beckley
17,238
17,614
2999786533439309640♠−2.13%
Raleigh

7001100000000000000♠10
Clarksburg
16,242
16,578
2999797321751719150♠−2.03%
Harrison

7001110000000000000♠11
South Charleston
13,214
13,450
2999824535315985130♠−1.75%
Kanawha

7001120000000000000♠12
St. Albans
10,835
11,044
2999810756972111550♠−1.89%
Kanawha

7001130000000000000♠13
Vienna
10,562
10,749
2999826030328402639♠−1.74%
Wood

7001140000000000000♠14
Bluefield
10,448
10,447
6997957212596917060♠+0.01%
Mercer

7001150000000000000♠15
Moundsville
8,891
9,318
2999541747156042070♠−4.58%
Marshall

7001160000000000000♠16
Bridgeport
8,358
8,149
7000256473186894100♠+2.56%
Harrison

7001170000000000000♠17
Oak Hill
8,175
7,730
7000575679172056920♠+5.76%
Fayette

7001180000000000000♠18
Dunbar
7,749
7,907
2999800177058302770♠−2.00%
Kanawha

7001190000000000000♠19
Elkins
7,286
7,094
7000270651254581339♠+2.71%
Randolph

7001200000000000000♠20
Nitro
6,837
7,178
2999524937308442460♠−4.75%
Kanawha

7001210000000000000♠21
Hurricane
6,396
6,284
7000178230426479950♠+1.78%
Putnam

7001220000000000000♠22
Princeton
6,359
6,432
2999886504975124380♠−1.13%
Mercer

7001230000000000000♠23
Charles Town
5,706
5,259
7000849971477467200♠+8.50%
Jefferson

7001240000000000000♠24
Buckhannon
5,679
5,639
6999709345628657570♠+0.71%
Upshur

7001250000000000000♠25
Keyser
5,264
5,439
2999678249678249680♠−3.22%
Mineral

7001260000000000000♠26
New Martinsville
5,254
5,366
2999791278419679460♠−2.09%
Wetzel

7001270000000000000♠27
Grafton
5,199
5,164
6999677769171185140♠+0.68%
Taylor

7001280000000000000♠28
Ranson
4,830
4,440
7000878378378378380♠+8.78%
Jefferson

7001290000000000000♠29
Point Pleasant
4,284
4,350
2999848275862068970♠−1.52%
Mason

7001300000000000000♠30
Westover
4,173
3,983
7000477027366306800♠+4.77%
Monongalia

7001310000000000000♠31
Weston
4,079
4,110
3000245742092457419♠−0.75%
Lewis

7001320000000000000♠32
Lewisburg
3,939
3,830
7000284595300261100♠+2.85%
Greenbrier

7001330000000000000♠33
Ravenswood
3,834
3,876
2999891640866873060♠−1.08%
Jackson

7001340000000000000♠34
Summersville
3,513
3,572
2999834826427771560♠−1.65%
Nicholas

7001350000000000000♠35
Ripley
3,242
3,252
3000692496924969250♠−0.31%
Jackson

7001360000000000000♠36
Philippi
3,233
2,966
7000900202292650030♠+9.00%
Barbour

7001370000000000000♠37
Pleasant Valley
3,185
3,149
7000114322006986340♠+1.14%
Marion

7001380000000000000♠38
Kenova
3,096
3,216
2999626865671641790♠−3.73%
Wayne

7001390000000000000♠39
Williamson
3,051
3,191
2999561266060795990♠−4.39%
Mingo

7001400000000000000♠40
Madison
2,968
3,076
2999648894668400520♠−3.51%
Boone

7001410000000000000♠41
Kingwood
2,956
2,939
6999578428036747190♠+0.58%
Preston

7001420000000000000♠42
Williamstown
2,936
2,908
6999962861072902330♠+0.96%
Wood

7001430000000000000♠43
Follansbee
2,911
2,986
2999748827863362360♠−2.51%
Brooke

7001440000000000000♠44
Wellsburg
2,725
2,805
2999714795008912660♠−2.85%
Brooke

7001450000000000000♠45
Hinton
2,556
2,676
2999551569506726460♠−4.48%
Summers

7001460000000000000♠46
Paden City
2,540
2,633
2999646790733004180♠−3.53%
Wetzel

7001470000000000000♠47
Granville
2,529
781
7002223815620998720♠+223.82%
Monongalia

7001480000000000000♠48
Chester
2,527
2,585
2999775628626692460♠−2.24%
Hancock

7001490000000000000♠49
Petersburg
2,451
2,467
3000351438994730450♠−0.65%
Grant

7001500000000000000♠50
White Sulphur Springs
2,441
2,444
3000877250409165310♠−0.12%
Greenbrier

7001510000000000000♠51
Spencer
2,234
2,322
2999621016365202410♠−3.79%
Roane

7001520000000000000♠52
Shinnston
2,178
2,201
2999895502044525220♠−1.04%
Harrison

7001530000000000000♠53
Welch
2,154
2,406
2998895261845386530♠−10.47%
McDowell

7001540000000000000♠54
Mannington
2,072
2,063
6999436257876878330♠+0.44%
Marion

7001550000000000000♠55
Richwood
2,001
2,051
2999756216479765970♠−2.44%
Nicholas

7001560000000000000♠56
McMechen
1,866
1,926
2999688473520249220♠−3.12%
Marshall

7001570000000000000♠57
St. Marys
1,860
1,860
5000000000000000000♠0.00%
Pleasants

7001580000000000000♠58
Romney
1,788
1,848
2999675324675324680♠−3.25%
Hampshire

7001590000000000000♠59
Stonewood
1,772
1,806
2999811738648947950♠−1.88%
Harrison

7001600000000000000♠60
Ronceverte
1,753
1,765
3000320113314447589♠−0.68%
Greenbrier

7001610000000000000♠61
Logan
1,682
1,779
2999454749859471610♠−5.45%
Logan

7001620000000000000♠62
Montgomery
1,607
1,638
2999810744810744810♠−1.89%
Fayette

7001630000000000000♠63
Salem
1,557
1,586
2999817150063051700♠−1.83%
Harrison

7001640000000000000♠64
Mullens
1,494
1,559
2999583066067992300♠−4.17%
Wyoming

7001650000000000000♠65
Glen Dale
1,483
1,526
2999718217562254260♠−2.82%
Marshall

7001660000000000000♠66
Marmet
1,469
1,503
2999773785761809710♠−2.26%
Kanawha

7001670000000000000♠67
Parsons
1,427
1,485
2999609427609427610♠−3.91%
Tucker

7001680000000000000♠68
Ansted
1,398
1,404
3000572649572649570♠−0.43%
Fayette

7001690000000000000♠69
Ceredo
1,395
1,450
2999620689655172410♠−3.79%
Wayne

7001700000000000000♠70
Mabscott
1,388
1,408
2999857954545454550♠−1.42%
Raleigh

7001710000000000000♠71
Wayne
1,385
1,413
2999801840056617130♠−1.98%
Wayne

7001720000000000000♠72
Benwood
1,378
1,420
2999704225352112680♠−2.96%
Marshall

7001730000000000000♠73
Sistersville
1,375
1,396
2999849570200573069♠−1.50%
Tyler

7001740000000000000♠74
Mount Hope
1,370
1,414
2999688826025459690♠−3.11%
Fayette

7001750000000000000♠75
Pennsboro
1,085
1,171
2999265584970111020♠−7.34%
Ritchie

7001760000000000000♠76
New Cumberland
1,076
1,103
2999755213055303720♠−2.45%
Hancock

7001770000000000000♠77
Cameron
915
946
2999672304439746300♠−3.28%
Marshall

7001780000000000000♠78
Thomas
564
586
2999624573378839590♠−3.75%
Tucker

7001790000000000000♠79
Belmont
903
903
5000000000000000000♠0.00%
Pleasants

7001800000000000000♠80
War
793
862
2999199535962877030♠−8.00%
McDowell


document_title: WWE Raw

question_text: when does monday night raw come on hulu

question_tokens: when does monday night raw come on hulu

text: WWE Raw

text: History[edit]

text: Beginning as WWF's Monday Night Raw, the program first aired on January 11, 1993 on the USA Network as a replacement for Prime Time Wrestling, which aired on the network for eight years. The original Raw was sixty minutes in length and broke new ground in televised professional wrestling. Traditionally, wrestling shows were taped on sound stages with small audiences or at large arena shows. The Raw formula was considerably different from the taped weekend shows that aired at the time such as Superstars and Wrestling Challenge. Instead of matches taped weeks in advance with studio voice overs and taped discussion, Raw was a show shot and aired to a live audience, with angles playing out as they happened.

text: Raw originated from the Grand Ballroom at the Manhattan Center, a small New York City theater, and aired live each week. The combination of an intimate venue and live action proved to be a successful improvement. However, the weekly live schedule proved to be a financial drain on the WWF. From Spring 1993 up until Spring 1997, Raw would tape several week's worth of episodes after a live episode had aired. The WWF taped several weeks worth of Raw from the Mid-Hudson Civic Center in Poughkeepsie, New York in April 1993, and again in June and October (from 1984–1986, the Civic Center was the home of another WWF TV show, Championship Wrestling). The first episode produced outside of New York was taped in Bushkill, Pennsylvania in November 1993 and Raw left the Manhattan Center permanently as the show would be taken on the road throughout the United States and had in smaller venues.

text: On September 4, 1995, the WWF's chief competitor World Championship Wrestling (WCW) began airing its new wrestling show, Monday Nitro, live each week on TNT, which marked the start of the Monday Night Wars.[9] Raw and Nitro went head-to-head for the first time on September 11, 1995. At the start of the ratings war in 1995 through to mid-1996, Raw and Nitro exchanged victories over each other in a closely contested rivalry. Beginning in mid-1996, however, due to the nWo angle, Nitro started a ratings win-streak that lasted for 84 consecutive weeks, ending on April 13, 1998.[9] On February 3, 1997, Raw went to a two-hour format,[9] to compete with the extra hour on Nitro, and by March 10, it was renamed to Raw Is War. After WrestleMania XIV in March 1998, the WWF regained the lead in the Monday Night Wars with its new "WWF Attitude" brand. The April 13, 1998 episode of Raw Is War, which was headlined by a match between Stone Cold Steve Austin and Vince McMahon, marked the first time that WCW had lost the head-to-head Monday night ratings battle in the 84 weeks since 1996.[10]

text: On January 4, 1999, Mick Foley, who had wrestled for WCW during the early 1990s as Cactus Jack, won the WWF Championship as Mankind on Raw Is War. On orders from Bischoff, Nitro announcer Tony Schiavone gave away this previously taped result on a live Nitro and then sarcastically added, "That's gonna put some butts in the seats", consequently resulting in over 600,000 viewers switching channels to Raw Is War to see the underdog capture the WWF Championship. This was also the night that Nitro aired a WCW World Heavyweight Championship match in which Kevin Nash lay down for Hollywood Hogan after Hogan poked him in the chest.

text: On September 25, 2000, Raw Is War moved from the USA Network to TNN (which later became Spike TV).[11] The new television contract with Viacom, TNN/Spike TV's parent company, and the subsequent purchase of competitor WCW led to many changes in WWF's programming content.

text: WCW's sharp decline in revenue and ratings led to Time Warner selling selected assets such as the WCW name, tapes, and contracts to the WWF in March 2001 for $3 million.[12] The final episode of Nitro, which aired on March 26, 2001, began with Vince McMahon making a short statement about his recent purchase of WCW and ended with a simulcast with Raw on TNN and Nitro on TNT including an appearance by Vince's son Shane.[13] The younger McMahon interrupted his father's gloating over the WCW purchase to explain that Shane was the one who actually owned WCW, setting up what became the WWF's "Invasion" storyline. Following the purchase of WCW and the September 11 attacks, the program was retitled as Raw on October 1, 2001, permanently retiring the Raw Is War moniker.

text: In March 2002, as a result of the overabundance of talent left over from the Invasion storyline, WWF instituted a process known as the "brand extension", under which Raw and SmackDown would be treated as two distinct divisions, each with their own rosters and championships.[14] Shortly thereafter, the WWF was legally required to change the name of the company to World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE).

text: On March 10, 2005, Viacom and WWE decided not to go on with the agreement with Spike TV, effectively ending Raw and other WWE programs's tenure on the network when their deal expired in September 2005. On April 4, 2005, WWE announced a three-year deal with NBCUniversal to bring Raw back to its former home, the USA Network, with two yearly specials on NBC and a Spanish Raw on Telemundo.[15] On the same week as Raw's return to the USA Network, Spike TV scheduled Ultimate Fighting Championship's live Ultimate Fight Night in Raw's old timeslot in an attempt to go head-to-head with Raw.[16]

text: On the August 29, 2011 episode of Raw, it was announced that performers from Raw and SmackDown were no longer exclusive to their respective brand, thus effectively dissolving the brand extension.[17] On July 23, 2012, Raw aired its 1000th episode, which also began its permanent three-hour format.[18][19] On January 14, 2013, Raw celebrated its 20th year on the air.[20] On May 25, 2016, WWE reintroduced the brand split, and a new set with red ring ropes, a brand new stage, used at SummerSlam. Furthermore, the broadcast table was moved to the entrance ramp similar to how it was in 2002–2005.[citation needed] On January 22, 2018, WWE celebrated the 25th anniversary of Raw with a simulcast show at the Barclay's Center in Brooklyn and the home of the first Monday Night Raw, the Manhattan Center.[21] On the February 20 episode of Raw, six days before Elimination Chamber, seven participants of the men's Elimination Chamber match, Braun Strowman, Elias, Finn Bálor, John Cena, Roman Reigns, Seth Rollins and The Miz, were involved in a Gauntlet match that began with Reigns and Rollins. Strowman won the Gauntlet match by pinning The Miz in what was the longest match in WWE history, lasting nearly two hours.[22]

text: Production[edit]

text: Raw's original set featured red, white, and blue ring-ropes, a blue ring-apron, blue steps, and a small stage made of neon tubes. Since March 10, 1997, broadcasts of Raw were split into two hours and given hourly names for television ratings purposes, with the first hour being referred to as Raw Is War and the second as War Zone in television listings, and by the show's on-screen graphics beginning with the June 9, 1997 episode. In 1995, the entrance way was changed to feature "Raw" in giant letters. In 1997, WWF changed to red ring-ropes for Raw as well as Raw Is War being written along the ring due to their rivalry with WCW. They also updated the stage to feature a large screen known as the TitanTron.

text: Beginning October 1, 2001, in direct response to the September 11 attacks, the first hour was referred to as Raw instead of Raw Is War and the second hour changed from the War Zone to the Raw Zone by the show's on-screen graphics; however, announcers would generally refer to the entire two-hour block as Raw on-air. Raw updated to a new TitanTron in 2002. When the War ended, they began advertising their website on the ring aprons instead. They occasionally used black ropes. From November 16, 2009 – July 23, 2012, the theme song for the Raw brand was "Burn It to the Ground" by Nickelback.[23] Prior to this, the theme song for Raw was "...To Be Loved" by Papa Roach, which had been used since October 9, 2006 and "Across The Nation" by The Union Underground which was used from April 1, 2002 – October 2, 2006. The rap outro of "Thorn In Your Eye" featuring Scott Ian of Anthrax was the theme song from March 10, 1997 – March 25, 2002.

text: On May 17, 2012, WWE and USA Network announced that Raw would switch to a permanent three-hour format beginning with the 1,000th episode on July 23, 2012.[8] Since then, all three hours of the broadcast have been known solely as Raw, though they are still considered three separate programs for Nielsen ratings purposes (as indicated by the on-screen copyright notice shown near the end of each hour). In 2008, Raw went HD debuting a new stage. In 2010, WWE retired the red ropes for Raw after thirteen years for an all white scheme, and in 2012 became standard for all WWE programming. In 2012, Raw updated their HD set.[24]

text: Starting in mid 2014, this set would also be featured in pay-per-views. From late September through the end of October 2012, the middle rope at all WWE programming was changed to pink due to WWE's alliance with the Susan G. Komen organization for Breast Cancer Awareness Month.[25] This was repeated in 2013, from late September to early November, and it was repeated in 2014 from 29 September. WWE is one of many organizations who provide financial contributions as well as getting customers and employees to support the cause.[26]

text: On August 18, 2014, Raw switched to a full 16:9 letterbox widescreen presentation, with a down-scaled version of the native HD feed on a 4:3 SD feed. In conjunction with this, Raw updated its graphics package, with the new WWE logo (first used with the WWE Network's launch in February) now on the lower-right corner of the screen, right next to the word, "Live". Also, the new WWE logo is seen on the ring's turnbuckle covers. The USA Network logo has also been moved to the lower-left hand corner of the screen. Also, Raw's theme song ("The Night") was modified. On re-runs on the WWE Network and on delayed broadcasts for most international markets, Raw is edited without the word "LIVE" and the hashtag.

text: On March 23, 2015, WWE added a small LED board to the left side of the ring on Raw. This LED board was also used at WrestleMania 31. The LED board since is now on an on/off basis, featuring in some weeks and not others. On the 1,000th episode of Raw, "The Night" by Kromestatik debuted as the theme for Raw while "Energy" by Shinedown served as the secondary theme-song until August 18, 2014, when it was replaced with "Denial" by We Are Harlot.[27]

text: On the September 14, 2015 season premiere of Raw, the middle rope was colored gold. Throughout the month of October 2015, the WWE announcer table, entrance ramp and ring skirts were co-branded with Susan G. Komen for the Cure of Breast cancer.[28] Also the middle ring rope was pink to promote the fight against breast cancer.[28] On the November 16, 2015, episode of Raw, WWE had a moment of silence for the victims of the terrorist attack in Paris, France on November 13, 2015.[29] Another moment of silence was held months later in June for the victims of the Orlando nightclub shooting.

text: On July 25, 2016, the ropes returned to red, the announce table moved back to the top of the stage for the first time since 2005, and a new HD set and graphics were debuted. The new set was almost identical to the set used for SummerSlam 2012 and 2013. It received some negativity after the newly dubbed "New Era" was using an older set. The set was revamped just four weeks later with a more elaborate and distinctive design. The new set features the absence of a traditional TitanTron which had been custom since 1997. In its place is a curved LED banner with several rows of rectangle LED lights behind it. The new set also introduced LED floor panels on the entrance ramp along with LED ring posts. On the January 29, 2018 episode of Raw, new graphics and an updated logo were introduced.[30]

text: Theme music[edit]

text:
Song title
Written and/or performed by
Dates used
Ref

"Monday Night Raw"
Jim Johnston
January 11, 1993 – March 3, 1997
[31][32]

"Raw"
Jim Johnston
1993–1995
[31][33]

"I Like it Raw"
Jim Johnston
1995
[31][34]

"The Beautiful People"
Marilyn Manson
March 10, 1997 – March 24, 1997
[31][35]

"Thorn In Your Eye"
WWE Superstars & Slam Jam
March 31, 1997 – March 25, 2002
[31][36][37]

"We're All Together Now"
WWE Superstars & Slam Jam
March 31, 1997 – March 25, 2002
[31][38]

"Across the Nation"
The Union Underground
April 1, 2002 – October 2, 2006
[31][39]

"...To Be Loved"
Papa Roach
October 9, 2006 – November 9, 2009
[31][40][41]

"Burn It to the Ground"
Nickelback
November 16, 2009 – July 16, 2012
[31][42][43]

"Tonight Is the Night"
Outasight
July 23, 2012 (only used for Raw 1000)
[31][44][45]

"The Night"
Kromestatik
July 23, 2012 – August 11, 2014
[31][46]

"The Night" (2014 Remix)
CFO$
August 18, 2014 – July 18, 2016
[31][47]

"Enemies"
Shinedown
July 25, 2016 – January 22, 2018
[48]

"Born for Greatness"1
Papa Roach
January 29, 2018 – present

text: ^ Bold song titles denotes that the song is currently being used as the show's theme.

text: Naming controversy[edit]

text: The name for Raw was disputed in June 2009 when Muscle Flex Inc., a Los Angeles-based fitness company, had taken legal action against the WWE after a court ruled that some of WWE's trademarks related to Raw were similar enough to the In the Raw trademark that they caused confusion among Canadians.[49] On June 18, 2008, the Canadian Intellectual Property Office then issued a final decision that found certain wares listed in the trademark application from WWE (No. 1,153,018) were confusingly similar and thus lacked distinctiveness from the Muscle Flex trademark, which Muscle Flex is in the process of acquiring. The WWE appealed the CIPO's ruling to the Federal Court of Canada, but failed to file the required documents by the deadline.[50]

text: In August 2009, the court ruled in favor of Muscle Flex, Inc. that it was successful in defending its In the Raw trademark against the WWE. In a press release date issued on July 20, 2009, Muscle Flex Inc. disclosed that it was in possession of WWE Raw-labeled items that it believes directly infringe on its In the Raw trademark such as various CDs, VHS tapes, and a number of apparel items. According to the WWE's most recent reported financial quarter in 2009, combined sales of WWE's consumer products and digital media business segments produced $40 million in global revenues. In previous quarters, these numbers were even higher.[51]

text: Special episodes[edit]

text: Throughout its broadcast history, the show has aired episodes that have different themes. Some of them are yearly events such as the Slammy Awards. Others include tributes to various professional wrestlers who have recently died or retired from actively performing, as well as episodes commemorating various show milestones or anniversaries.

text: On-air personalities[edit]

text: The show features various on-air personalities including the wrestlers themselves (both males and females), ring announcers, commentators, and on-screen authority figures. Raw also has had various recurring on-air segments hosted by members of the roster.

text: Broadcast[edit]

text: The show airs live on the USA Network. Raw and also airs Wednesdays on Universo in Spanish. Occasionally, Raw is aired on same-day tape delay when WWE is on an overseas tour. Raw is also shown live on Sky Sports Main Event and Sky Sports Arena, with replay shows airing on Sky Sports Arena in the United Kingdom and Ireland.[52] Raw aires live in India at 5.30 am in Tuesdays on Sony Ten 1.[53][54][55] Since October 6, 2014, Raw has been airing live throughout Latin America on Fox Sports.[56] The show also airs live on Supersport in South Africa on Tuesdays at 02:00 am CAT. RAW had aired in Australia on Fox8 since 2003, usually on a 27-hour tape delay, but has started airing live as of February 4, 2014.,[57] Syfy in the United States started airing a 2-hour replay of Raw on May 20, 2016. For the U.S. audience, Raw has been under a multi-year contract extension for the USA Network which currently is under a 10-year stint; the agreement does not get renewed until January 2023.

text: Online streaming[edit]

text: On September 24, 2012, Hulu Plus signed a multi-year deal with WWE to stream all of the company’s TV shows and some of its web series which includes Raw. Episodes of Raw are available for viewing the following day and only a condensed 90 minute version is available, not the full version as shown the previous night on the USA Network.[58]

text: As of December 9, 2016, all episodes of Raw are available on demand on the WWE Network. Recent episodes are available for on-demand viewing 30 days after the original air date.[59][60]

text: After Wrestlemania 32 in 2016, WWE began with airing the newest episodes of Raw and SmackDown on YouTube for countries that don't have WWE programming on traditional TV for free in less than 24 hours after the original broadcast (The links are blocked in countries where the shows are traditionally available). The 90-minute Hulu Plus version gets put on YouTube for international audiences.

text: Canada[edit]

text: From 1996 to 2006, Raw was shown on The Sports Network until it moved to rival sports broadcaster The Score (now renamed Sportsnet 360) after it was announced that TSN would be carrying Monday Night Football for the 2006 season. This also meant that Canadian viewers would be watching via tape-delay, as The Score does not broadcast Raw live. Around that time, The Score aired Countdown to Raw until May 2013 when Raw is shown live to match the United States airtime.

text: During its run on TSN, which aired live, occasionally had been censored live for extremely violent scenes, or when female wrestlers or characters were assaulted by male wrestlers. These actions are supposed to be in order to meet Canadian broadcast standards, with repeat broadcasts often more heavily edited. This move had disappointed many wrestling fans over the years, and is unusual since the violence of wrestling scenes are not significantly different from other television programs aired on regular Canadian networks.[61][62]

text: The show currently airs live on Sportsnet 360.[63][64]

text: The Middle East[edit]

text: Raw airs in the Arab world on OSN Sports and MBC Action,[65][66][67] on FM1 in Iran and[68][69] on Sport 1 and Sport 1 HD in Israel.[70][71] Raw further began airing on D-Smart in Turkey.[72]

text: Europe[edit]

text: Raw airs on AB3 in Belgium and is translated into Dutch, French, and German.[73][74] The show airs on Nova Sport in the Czech Republic and[75] on AB1 in France.[76][77]

text: Raw airs on ProSieben MAXX and ProSieben Fun in Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Luxembourg, and Liechtenstein on Wednesdays at 10 PM.[78] The show airs on Nova Sports 3 in Greece.[79]

text: Raw airs live on Sky Sport 2, Sky Sport 2 HD, with international version shows airing on Cielo TV in Italy in Italian.[80][81]

text: The show airs on Extreme Sports Channel in Poland.[82][83] It airs on SIC Radical[84] and on SIC K on Friday nights in Portugal.

text: Raw airs on Sport.ro in Romania.[85] The show airs on Prva Srpska Televizija in Serbia.[86] It airs on Neox in Spain in Spanish.[87][88]

text: Raw airs on Diema Sport in Bulgaria.[89] The show airs on Televizija OBN in Bosnia and Herzegovina.[90] It airs on BTV in Lithuania.[91]

text: Asia and Pacific[edit]

text: Raw airs on Sony Ten 1 and Sony Ten 1 HD in Nepal .[69][69][92][93] It airs on MNC Sports 2 in Indonesia.[94]

text: Raw airs live on Sony Ten 1 HD and Sony Ten 1 in India. And airs exclusive in Pakistan and Sri Lanka.[69][95][96]

text: Raw airs live on SuperSport 2 HD in Singapore.[97] The show airs on TrueVisions in Thailand. The show airs on 2×2 in Russia.[98]

text: Raw airs live on Fox8 and Thursday nights on 9Go! as a one-hour version in Australia.[99][100]

text: The show airs live on J Sports 4 in Japan.[101]

text: In New Zealand, Raw airs live on Sky 5, Saturday nights on Maori Television as a one-hour version, and Monday nights on Te Reo as a one-hour version in the Maori language.[102][103]

text: Raw airs in China on various local networks within China[104] and Videoland Television Network in Taiwan in both English and Thai.[105]

text: Raw airs in Hong Kong on ViuTVsix.

text: Latin America[edit]

text: Raw airs live on Fox Sports in Mexico[56][106][107] and across Central and South America.[56][108][109] It also airs on La Red in Chile,[110][111] Unitel in Bolivia,[112] Canal Uno in Colombia,[110][113] Teleamazonas in Ecuador,[114] Andina de Televisión in Peru,[115][116] Repretel: Canal 11 in Costa Rica, Canal VTV in El Salvador,[56][117] Canal 5 in Honduras,[56][118] RPC Canal 4 in Panama.[56][119][120]

text: South Africa[edit]

text: It airs live on SuperSport in South Africa.[121][122]

text:
Professional wrestling portal
Television portal