document_title: Fisher (surname)

question_text: where does the last name fisher originate from

text: Fisher (surname)

text: Fisher (German: Fischer) is an English occupational name for one who obtained his living by fishing or living by a fishing weir. In Ireland it is the anglicized form of Gaelic Ó Bradáin 'descendant of Bradán', a personal name meaning ‘salmon’. This name was sometimes translated into English as Salmon or Fisher. The Celtic name Mac an Iascair in Ireland or MacInesker in Scotland also translates to Fisher.

text: Fisher (surname) may refer to:

text:
Top
0–9
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
X
Y
Z

tag: ul

text: A[edit]

text:
Adrian Fisher (born 1951), maze designer
Adrian S. Fisher (1914–1983), American lawyer
Albert Fisher (Detroit) (1864–1942), American automotive pioneer
Albert Kenrick Fisher (1856–1948), American ornithologist
Albert William Fisher (1881–1937), English footballer
Alexander Fisher (sound engineer) (1903–1993), British Sound Engineer
Alice Fisher (nurse), pioneer nurse
Alice S. Fisher (fl. 2000s), American lawyer
Allen Fisher (born 1944), British poet
Alvan Fisher (1792–1863), American painter
Amy Fisher (born 1974), American criminal
Andrew Fisher (1862–1928), Australian Prime Minister
Ann Fisher-Wirth (born 1947), American poet
Anna Lee Fisher (born 1949), American astronaut
Antony Fisher (1915–1988), British think tank promoter
Antwone Fisher (born 1959), the subject of a 2002 movie based on his life
Archie Fisher (born 1939), Scottish folk singer
Arnie Fisher, American bridge player
Arthur Elwell Fisher (born 1848), English composer and musician
A.S.T. Fisher (20th century), English clergyman and writer
Avery Fisher (1906–1994), American audio engineer

text: B[edit]

text:
B. H. Fisher ("Red" Fisher, 1914–2006), American writer and outdoorsman
Barb Fisher (fl. c. 2000), Canadian politician
Barbara Loe Fisher (fl. late 20th century), American chiropractor
Benjamin Fisher (1842–1920), accountant and auctioneer in South Australia, co-founder of Bennett & Fisher.
Bernard Francis Fisher (born 1927), pilot
Bob Fisher (disambiguation), several people
Brent Fisher (born 1987), eco-strategist and visionary
Bryce Fisher (born 1977), American football player
Bud Fisher (1885–1954), American cartoonist

text: C[edit]

text:
Carrie Fisher (1956–2016), American actress, writer, and show-business family member
Carl G. Fisher (1874–1939), American entrepreneur
Cevin Fisher (born 1963), American music producer
C. B. Fisher (1817–1908) Australian pastoralist and racehorse breeder
Charles Fisher (disambiguation) and Charlie Fisher, several people
Cilla Fisher (born 1952), founding member of The Singing Kettle
C. Miller Fisher (born 1913), Canadian neuroscientist

text: D[edit]

text:
Daniel Fisher (politician) (1812–1884) grain merchant and MHA in South Australia.
David Fisher (disambiguation), several people
Derek Fisher (born 1974), American retired basketball player and current coach
Don Fisher (1916–1973), American baseball player
Donald Fisher (born 1928), American entrepreneur
Doris Fisher (singer) (1915–2003), American singer, songwriter, and show-business family member
Dorothy Canfield Fisher (1879–1958), American author
Douglas Fisher (disambiguation), several people
Dudley Fisher (1890–1951), American cartoonist
Dudu Fisher (born 1951), Israeli singer

text: E[edit]

text:
Edward Fisher (disambiguation), several people, including "Ed Fisher" and "Eddie Fisher"
Eric Fisher (cricketer) (1924–1996), New Zealand cricketer
Eric Fisher (American football) (born 1991), American football offensive tackle

text: F[edit]

text:
Florrie Fisher (1918–1972), American motivational speaker
Frances Fisher (born 1952), British-American actress
Francesca Fisher-Eastwood (born 1993), American actress
Frederick Fisher (disambiguation), several people, including "Fred Fisher" and "Freddie Fisher"

text: G[edit]

text:
Gail Fisher (1935–2000), American actress
Garth Fisher, plastic surgeon
Gary Fisher (born 1950), American cyclist and engineer
Gavin Fisher (born 1964), American engineer
Geoffrey Fisher (1887–1972), British religious leader
George Fisher (disambiguation), several people
Gilbert Dempster Fisher (1906–1985), Scottish naturalist, writer and broadcaster.

text: H[edit]

text:
Ham Fisher (1900/01–1955), American artist
Harold Fisher (disambiguation)
Harrison Fisher (1877–1934), American artist
Harry Fisher (disambiguation)
Helen Fisher (anthropologist) (born 1945)
Hendrick Fisher (1697–1779), American politician
Hermann Emil Fischer (1852–1919) German chemist and 1902 recipient of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry
Herbert Fisher (disambiguation)
Hugo Anton Fisher (1854–1916), Czechoslovakian-born American painter

text: I[edit]

text:
Ian Fisher (English cricketer) (born 1976), English cricketer
Ian Fisher (journalist) (born 1965), American journalist
India Fisher (born 1974), British actress
Ira Joe Fisher (born 1947), American journalist
Irving Fisher (1867–1947), American economist and activist
Isaac Fisher (1851–1944), Australian cricket umpire
Isla Fisher (born 1976), Omani-Australian actress

text: J[edit]

text:
J. Fisher (Yorkshire cricketer), English cricketer
James Fisher (disambiguation)
Jane Lane, Lady Fisher (c. 1626 – 1689), English activist
Jeremy Fisher (born 1976), Canadian musician
Jo Fisher, New Zealand international football (soccer) player
Joely Fisher (born 1967), American actress
John Fisher (disambiguation), several people, including "Jackie" and "Jack" Fisher
Jon Fisher (rugby union) (born 1988), English rugby union player
Jonathan Fisher (1768–1847), American religious leader
Jonathan Fisher (painter) (died 1809), Irish
Josef Fischer (cyclist)
Josh Fisher (born c. 1950s), American computer scientist
Joshua Fisher (1707–1783), American merchant and cartographer
Joshua Francis Fisher (1807–1873), American author and philanthropist
Juni Fisher (born c. 1957), American musician

text: K[edit]

text:
Kate Fisher (1850–1940), American prostitute, also known as Big Nose Kate
Kelly Fisher (born 1978), British snooker player
Ken Fisher (born c. 1960), American cartoonist, also known as Ruben Bolling
Kenneth Fisher (born 1950), financial manager and journalist
Kitty Fisher (died 1767), British courtesan

text: L[edit]

text:
Larry Fisher (1907–2001), American real estate developer
Larry Fisher (murderer) (born 1949), Canadian criminal
Lee Fisher (born 1951), American politician
Levar Fisher (born 1979), American football player
Lewis P. Fisher (1820–1905), Canadian politician
Louis Fischer (1896–1970), American journalist.

text: M[edit]

text:
M. F. K. Fisher (1908–1992), American writer
Mark Fisher (disambiguation), several people
Mary Fisher (disambiguation), several people
Matthew Fisher (born 1946), British musician
Matthew Fisher (born 1997), English cricketer
Max Fisher (1908–2005), American activist
Mel Fisher (1922–1998), American entrepreneur
Michael Fisher (disambiguation), several people, including "Mike Fisher"
Michoel Fisher (c. 1910 – 2004), British religious leader
Mike Fisher (ice hockey) (born 1980), Canadian hockey player

text: N[edit]

text:
Nathan Fisher, footballer
Noel Fisher (disambiguation), several people
Norman Fisher-Jones (fl. late 20th century), British musician
Norman W. F. Fisher (1936–1997), Australian government administrator

text: O[edit]

text:
Osmond Fisher (1817–1914), English geologist
O. C. Fisher (1903–1994), American politician and writer

text: P[edit]

text:
Paul Fisher (disambiguation), several people
Peter Fisher (disambiguation), several people
Philip Fisher (disambiguation)

text: R[edit]

text:
Ray Fisher (1887–1982), American baseball player and coach
Ray Fisher (singer) (1940–2011), Scottish folk singer
Rebecca Fisher (1831–1926), American philanthropist and preservationist
Richard Fisher (disambiguation), several people
Robert Fisher (disambiguation), several people
Roger Fisher (disambiguation), several people
Rolland Fisher (1900–1982), American religious leader and activist
Ronald Fisher (1890–1962), British biologist and statistician
Ron Fisher (Canadian politician) (born 1934)
Ross Fisher (born 1980), British golfer
Rowland Fisher (1885–1969), British painter
Roy Fisher (born 1930), British poet
Roy M. Fisher (1918–1999), American journalist
Rudolph Fisher (1897–1934), American writer

text: S[edit]

text:
Sam Fisher (disambiguation) and Samuel Fisher
Sarah Fisher, US race car driver voted most popular driver in the Indy Racing League in 2003
Scott Fisher (disambiguation)
Seth Fisher, American comics artist
Sidney George Fisher, American lawyer and author
Simon Fisher-Becker, British actor
Spencer Oliver Fisher (1843–1919), Congressman from the U.S. state of Michigan
Spencer William Fisher (born 1976), American mixed martial arts fighter
Steve Fisher (disambiguation)
Sven Fischer, German biathlete
Sven Fischer (footballer), German football defender
Sydney Arthur Fisher, former member of the Canadian House of Commons
Sydney George Fisher, American lawyer and author

text: T[edit]

text:
Terence Fisher, British film director
Tom Fisher (disambiguation), several people
Toni Fisher, American singer
Tony Fisher (American football), American football player
Travis Fisher, American football player
Tricia Leigh Fisher, American actress and singer

text: V[edit]

text:
Vardis Fisher (1895–1968), American historical novelist
Venessa Fisher (born 1986), Canadian contestant
Vilyam Genrikhovich Fisher (1903–1971), Soviet intelligence agent
Viv Fisher (born 1952), British audio engineer and musician

text: W[edit]

text:
Walter Fisher (disambiguation), several people
Warren Fisher, British civil servant
Warren Fisher (rugby league), Australian rugby league player
Warren Samuel Fisher (1878–1971), American entomologist
William Fisher (disambiguation)

text: Z[edit]

text: Zachary Fisher (1910-1999), American businessman and philanthropist, founder of Fisher House Foundation

text: Fictional characters[edit]

text:
Fisher (Casino Royale), a fictional henchman in Casino Royale
The Rich Fisher, fictional character Bron in Joseph d'Arimathie verse variant in "Fisher King" literary tradition
Jeremy Fisher, fictional character in story The Tale of Mr. Jeremy Fisher by Beatrix Potter
Nate Fisher, fictional character from Six Feet Under
Phryne Fisher, fictional character ("Miss Fisher") by Kerry Greenwood
Ruth Fisher, fictional character from TV series Six Feet Under


document_title: India national cricket team

question_text: when did india win their first cricket match

question_tokens: when did india win their first cricket match

root

text: India national cricket team

text: History[edit]

text: Early History[edit]

text: The British brought cricket to India in the early 1700s, with the first cricket match played in 1721.[11] In 1848, the Parsi community in Bombay formed the Oriental Cricket Club, the first cricket club to be established by Indians. After slow beginnings, the Europeans eventually invited the Parsis to play a match in 1877.[12] By 1912, the Parsis, Sikhs, Hindus and Muslims of Bombay played a quadrangular tournament with the Europeans every year.[12] In the early 1900s, some Indians went on to play for the England cricket team. Some of these, such as Ranjitsinhji and KS Duleepsinhji were greatly appreciated by the British and their names went on to be used for the Ranji Trophy and Duleep Trophy – two major first-class tournaments in India. In 1911, an Indian team went on their first official tour of the British Isles, but only played English county teams and not the England cricket team.[13]

tag: p

text: Test-Match Status[edit]

text: India was invited to The Imperial Cricket Council in 1926, and made their debut as a Test playing nation in England in 1932, led by CK Nayudu, who was considered as the best Indian batsman at the time.[14] The one-off Test match between the two sides was played at Lord's in London. The team was not strong in their batting at this point and went on to lose by 158 runs.[15] In 1933, the first Test series in India was played between India and England with matches in Bombay, Calcutta (now Kolkata) and Madras (now Chennai). England won the series 2–0.[16] The Indian team continued to improve throughout the 1930s and '40s but did not achieve an international victory during this period. In the early 1940s, India didn't play any Test cricket due to the Second World War. The team's first series as an independent country was in late 1947 against Sir Donald Bradman's Invincibles (a name given to the Australia national cricket team of that time). It was also the first Test series India played which was not against England. Australia won the five-match series 4–0, with Bradman tormenting the Indian bowling in his final Australian summer.[17] India subsequently played their first Test series at home not against England against the West Indies in 1948. West Indies won the 5-Test series 1–0.[18]

text: India recorded their first Test victory, in their 24th match, against England at Madras in 1952.[19] Later in the same year, they won their first Test series, which was against Pakistan.[20] They continued their improvement throughout the early 1950s with a series win against New Zealand in 1956. However, they did not win again in the remainder of the decade and lost badly to strong Australian and English sides. On 24 August 1959, India lost by an innings in the Test to complete the only 5–0 whitewash ever inflicted by England. The next decade saw India's reputation develop as a team with a strong record at home. They won their first Test series against England at home in 1961–62 and also won a home series against New Zealand. They managed to draw home series against Pakistan and Australia and another series against England. In this same period, India also won its first series outside the subcontinent, against New Zealand in 1967–68.

text: The key to India's bowling in the 1970s were the Indian spin quartet – Bishen Bedi, E.A.S. Prasanna, BS Chandrasekhar and Srinivas Venkataraghavan. This period also saw the emergence of two of India's best ever batsmen, Sunil Gavaskar and Gundappa Viswanath. Indian pitches have had the tendency to support spin and the spin quartet exploited this to create collapses in opposing batting line-ups. These players were responsible for the back-to-back series wins in 1971 in the West Indies and in England, under the captaincy of Ajit Wadekar. Gavaskar scored 774 runs in the West Indian series while Dilip Sardesai's 112 played a big part in their one Test win.

text: One-Day Cricket and World Cup Success[edit]

text: The advent of One Day International (ODI) cricket in 1971 created a new dimension in the cricket world. However, India was not considered strong in ODIs at this point and batsmen such as the captain Gavaskar were known for their defensive approach to batting. India began as a weak team in ODIs and did not qualify for the second round in the first two editions of the Cricket World Cup. Gavaskar infamously blocked his way to 36 not out off 174 balls against England in the first World Cup in 1975, India scored just 132 for 3 and lost by 202 runs.

text: In contrast, India fielded a strong team in Test matches and was particularly strong at home, where their combination of stylish batsmen and beguiling spinners were at their best. India set a then Test record in the third Test against the West Indies at Port-of-Spain in 1976, when they chased 403 to win, thanks to 112 from Viswanath. This West Indian defeat is considered to be a watershed in the history of their cricket because it led to captain Clive Lloyd dispensing with spin altogether and relying entirely on a four-man pace attack instead. In November 1976, the team established another record by scoring 524 for 9 declared against New Zealand at Kanpur without any individual batsman scoring a century. There were six fifties, the highest being 70 by Mohinder Amarnath. This innings was only the eighth instance in Test cricket where all eleven batsmen reached double figures.

text: During the 1980s, India developed a more attack-minded batting line-up with stroke makers such as the wristy Mohammed Azharuddin, Dilip Vengsarkar and all-rounders Kapil Dev and Ravi Shastri. India won the Cricket World Cup in 1983, defeating the favourites and the two-time defending champions West Indies in the final at Lords, owing to a strong bowling performance. In spite of this, the team performed poorly in the Test arena, including 28 consecutive Test matches without a victory. In 1984, India won the Asia Cup and in 1985, won the World Championship of Cricket in Australia. Apart from this, India remained a weak team outside the Indian subcontinent. India's Test series victory in 1986 against England remained the last Test series win by India outside the subcontinent for the next 19 years. The 1980s saw Gavaskar and Kapil Dev (India's best all-rounder to date) at the pinnacle of their careers. Gavaskar made a Test record 34 centuries as he became the first man to reach the 10,000 run mark. Kapil Dev later became the highest wicket-taker in Test cricket with 434 wickets. The period was also marked by an unstable leadership, with Gavaskar and Kapil exchanging the captaincy several times.

text: Late 20th Century[edit]

text: The addition of Sachin Tendulkar and Anil Kumble to the national side in 1989 and 1990 further improved the team. The following year, Javagal Srinath, India's fastest bowler since Amar Singh made his debut. Despite this, during the 1990s, India did not win any of its 33 Tests outside the subcontinent while it won 17 out of its 30 Tests at home. After being eliminated by neighbours Sri Lanka on home soil at the 1996 Cricket World Cup semifinal, the team underwent a year of change as Sourav Ganguly and Rahul Dravid, later to become captains of the team, made their debut in the same Test at Lord's. Tendulkar replaced Azharuddin as captain in late 1996, but after a personal and team form slump, Tendulkar relinquished the captaincy and Azharuddin was reinstated at the beginning of 1998. With the captaincy burden removed, Tendulkar was the world's leading run-scorer in both Tests and ODIs, as India enjoyed a home Test series win over Australia, the best-ranked team in the world.

text: After failing to reach the semifinals at the 1999 Cricket World Cup, Tendulkar was again made captain, and had another poor run, losing 3–0 on a tour of Australia and then 2–0 at home to South Africa. Tendulkar resigned, vowing never to captain the team again. Ganguly was appointed the new captain and the team was further damaged in 2000 when former captain Azharuddin and fellow batsman Ajay Jadeja were implicated in a match-fixing scandal and given life and five years bans respectively. This period was described by the BBC as "the Indian cricket's worst hour". However, the new core – Tendulkar, Dravid, Kumble and Ganguly – swore not to let this happen to them again, and lead Indian cricket out of the dark times. And the first three put aside personal ambitions to let Ganguly lead them into a new era.[22]

text: Turn of the Millennium[edit]

text: Since 2000, the Indian team underwent major improvements with the appointment of John Wright as India's first ever foreign coach. India maintained their unbeaten home record against Australia in Test series after defeating them in 2001. The series was famous for the Kolkata Test match, in which India became only the third team in the history of Test cricket to win a Test match after following on. Australian captain Steve Waugh labelled India as the "Final Frontier" as a result of his side's inability to win a Test series in India.[23] Victory in 2001 against the Australians marked the beginning of a dream run for India under their captain Ganguly, winning Test matches in Zimbabwe, Sri Lanka, West Indies and England. The England series is also known for India's highest ODI run-chase of 325 runs at Lord's which came in the Natwest ODI Series final against England. In the same year, India were joint-winners of the ICC Champions Trophy with Sri Lanka and then went to the 2003 Cricket World Cup in South Africa where they reached the final, only to be beaten by Australia. The 2003–04 season also saw India play out a Test series in Australia where they drew 1–1 with the world champions, and then win a Test and ODI series in Pakistan.

text: Controversy and World Cup Flop[edit]

text: At the end of the 2004 season, India suffered from lack of form and fitness from its older players. A defeat in a following home Test series against Australia was followed by an ODI home series defeat against Pakistan followed by a Test series levelled 1–1. Greg Chappell took over from John Wright as the coach of the Indian cricket team following the series, and his methods proved to be controversial during the beginning of his tenure. The tension resulted in a fallout between Chappell and Ganguly, resulting in Rahul Dravid being made captain. This triggered a revival in the team's fortunes, following the emergence of players like Mahendra Singh Dhoni, Suresh Raina, and the coming of age of players like Irfan Pathan and Yuvraj Singh. A thumping home series victory over Sri Lanka in 2005 and a drawn series with South Africa put India at second place in the ICC ODI rankings. Dravid, Tendulkar and Virender Sehwag were selected to play for the ICC World XI in the 2005 "SuperTest" against Australia. A convincing ODI series win in Pakistan in early 2006, following a loss in the Test series, gave India the world record of 17 successive ODI victories while batting second.[24] Towards the middle of 2006, however, a 4–1 series loss in the West Indies gave rise to a slump in India's ODI form, while they achieved a 1–0 victory in the Test series that followed, giving them their first Test series victory in the Caribbean since 1971. India's ODI form slumped further with a disappointing performance in the 2006 Champions Trophy and a drubbing in the ODI series in South Africa. This was followed yet again by an initial good performance in the Tests, giving India its first Test match win in South Africa, although they went on to lose the series 2–1. This Test series was marked by Ganguly's comeback to the Indian team.[25]

text: In December 2006, India played and won its first ever Twenty20 international in South Africa, becoming the most recent Test team to play Twenty20 cricket. The beginning of 2007 had seen a revival in the Indian team's ODI fortunes before the 2007 Cricket World Cup. Series victories against the West Indies and Sri Lanka, marked by the comeback of Ganguly, and strong form by Tendulkar, and the emergence of young players like Robin Uthappa saw many pundits to tip India as a real contender to win the 2007 Cricket World Cup. However, defeats to Bangladesh and Sri Lanka saw India fail to reach the second round.

text: Success under Dhoni[edit]

text: After winning the Test series against England in August 2007, Dravid stepped down as the captain of the team, following which Dhoni was made the captain of the Twenty20 and ODI team. In September 2007, India won the first-ever Twenty20 World Cup held in South Africa, beating Pakistan by 5 runs in the final. In 2007–08, they toured Australia where India lost the highly controversial home Test series 2–1 but managed to win the CB series the following month with a whitewash final of Australia.

text: In April 2009, India secured their first Test series win in New Zealand in 41 years. After beating Sri Lanka 2–0 in December 2009, India became the No. 1 Test team in the world. They retained the ranking by drawing series against South Africa and Sri Lanka. In October 2010, India whitewashed Australia 2–0 in the home test series, giving them back-to-back series wins against them. Later that year, India managed to draw the Test series in South Africa at 1–1.[26]

text:
India's results in international matches

Matches
Won
Lost
Drawn
Tied
No result
Inaugural Match
Latest Match

Test[27]
521
144
160
216
1
–
25 June 1932
27 January 2018

ODI[28]
939
483
409
–
7
40
13 July 1974
16 February 2018

T20I[29]
91
55
33
–
1
2
1 December 2006
24 December 2017

tag: table

text: On 2 April 2011, India won the 2011 Cricket World Cup by defeating Sri Lanka in the final, thus becoming the third team after West Indies and Australia to win the World Cup twice, the previous win being in 1983. Gautam Gambhir and the skipper Dhoni led the way with 97 and 91* respectively.[30] India also became the first team to win the World Cup on home soil.

text: Transition Period[edit]

text: India were whitewashed 4–0 in away Test series by England in August 2011 due to which England replaced India as the No. 1 Test team in the rankings.[31] This series was followed by another 4–0 whitewash of India in January 2012 in Australia. The disastrous whitewashes saw the retirement of Dravid and VVS Laxman from Test cricket in 2012. Tendulkar retired in November 2013 after his 200th Test match. With Ganguly having retired in 2008, this period signalled the end of the fabled middle-order batting line-up India had for a decade. 2012 signalled a rough period for Indian cricket as they were beaten 2–1 by England at home in the Test series. This was the first Team India were beaten by England at home in the modern era. This was followed by a 2–1 loss in the ODI series against Pakistan, India's arch-rivals, at home. India was then knocked out in the second round of the 2012 ICC World Twenty20. India also failed to qualify for the 2012 Asia Cup final which closed out a disappointing 2012 for the Indian cricket team. 2013 saw a resurgence in Indian cricket.

text: Worldwide Limited-Overs Success[edit]

text: In early 2013, India returned the favour to Australia and whitewashed them 4–0 at home in a Test series. India then beat the Aussies 3–2 in the 7-match ODI series and won the one-off T20I. However, India lost heavily against New Zealand and South Africa away from home and led to heavy criticism of Indian cricketers for not being able to perform overseas. India defeated England in the 2013 ICC Champions Trophy final and Mahendra Singh Dhoni became the first captain in history to win the three major ICC trophies, namely- ICC Cricket World Cup, ICC World Twenty20 and ICC Champions Trophy. This was followed by a victory in the West Indies Triangular Series in 2013 consisting of India, West Indies and Sri Lanka. In 2014, India toured Bangladesh and England. Although they beat the former 2–0 in 3 One Day Internationals, Team India were beaten 3–1 in 5 Test matches by England. This series included a famous win for the Indian team in the first match of the series at Lord's. The Test series was followed by a 3–1 win for the Indians in a 5-match ODI series and a loss in a one-off T20, both against England.

text: India failed to reach the final of the Asia Cup yet again in 2014. In the 2014 ICC World Twenty20 hosted in Bangladesh, India narrowly missed out on another ICC trophy by losing to Sri Lanka in the final. This tournament saw the rise of Virat Kohli as one of the best limited overs batsmen in world cricket, as he was adjudged the man of the series. India soon comprehensively beat Sri Lanka and West Indies in ODI series to cement their position at the top of the ODI rankings. India toured Australia towards the end of 2014 for a 4-match Test series, which is remembered for MS Dhoni's sudden retirement from Test cricket after the end of the second Test. Virat Kohli was appointed as the captain of Team India in Test matches but he was unable to turn the series around and India lost 2–0. Kohli's first series win as captain came away from home in a 3-match Test series vs Sri Lanka, which signalled the beginning of an unbeaten Test series run for India.

text: Dominance at Home under Kohli[edit]

text: 2015 saw the beginning of India's dominance at home in Test matches under new captain Virat Kohli when they comprehensively beat South Africa. This series was the beginning of an unbeaten streak of 19 Test matches for India which was brought to an end by Australia in early 2017. This series also saw the emergence of Ravichandran Ashwin and Ravindra Jadeja as two of the best spinners and all-rounders. They spun webs around touring batsmen, much like the spinning quartet of the 1970s. This was followed by limited overs victories over Australia and Sri Lanka away from home. India was knocked out of the 2015 World Cup in the semi-final stage, to eventual winners Australia. India began 2016 by winning the 2016 Asia Cup, remaining unbeaten throughout the tournament, beating Pakistan along the way. India were favourites to win the 2016 ICC World Twenty20 which was being held at home, but they lost in the semi-final to eventual champions West Indies. Virat Kohli was again named the man of the series.

text: In 2016, "The Grand Home Season" began for India, including series at home against New Zealand, England, Bangladesh and Australia. India whitewashed New Zealand to regain the number one ranking in Test cricket after almost 10 years. Before the series against England in November 2016, MS Dhoni resigned as captain of India in limited overs, thus handing the captaincy to Virat Kohli across all formats. India beat England across all three formats, with a notable 4–0 win in the Test series. This was followed by Test series wins against Bangladesh and Australia, which meant India reclaimed the Border Gavaskar Trophy. Ravichandran Ashwin became the fastest cricketer of all time to reach 250 wickets; he and Ravindra Jadeja occupied the top two spots in both the ICC Bowlers and All-Rounders rankings at the time. In the process, India became the third team (after South Africa and Australia) to have won their most recent Test series against all the other Test-playing nations. India holds an unbeaten streak of 8 consecutive Test series wins as of 19 August 2017.

text: 2017 ICC Champions Trophy and onwards[edit]

text: India defeated Pakistan in their first game of the 2017 ICC Champions Trophy, winning by a convincing 124-run margin,[32] but lost their second game of the group against Sri Lanka by 7 wickets despite posting a total of 321.[33] In their final group game against South Africa, a must-win encounter, India won comfortably and sealed a spot in the semi-finals, against Bangladesh.[34] India comfortably won the match by 9 wickets, and faced arch-rivals Pakistan in the final, the first time they had met at this stage of a tournament since 2007.[35] In an anti-climax, considering India were the clear favourites, Pakistan defeated India comfortably by 180 runs in the final, outclassing them across all three departments.[36]

text: India beat the West Indies 3–1 in a 5-match ODI series in the Caribbean in July 2017,[37] but lost to the same opposition in a one-off T20I.[38] India then toured Sri Lanka, and comprehensively defeated them 3-0 in a three-match Test series, the first time India had whitewashed a team away from home in a Test series with at least three games.[39]

text: Governing body[edit]

text: The Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI) is the governing body for the Indian cricket team and first-class cricket in India. The Board has been operating since 1929 and represents India at the International Cricket Council. It is amongst the richest sporting organisations in the world. It sold media rights for India's matches from 2006–2010 for US$612,000,000.[40] It manages the Indian team's sponsorships, its future tours and team selection.

text: The International Cricket Council determines India's upcoming matches through its future tours program. However, the BCCI, with its influential financial position in the cricketing world, has often challenged the ICC's program and called for more series between India, Australia and England which are more likely to earn more revenue as opposed to tours with Bangladesh or Zimbabwe.[41] In the past, the BCCI has also come into conflict with the ICC regarding sponsorships[42] and the legitimacy of the ICC Champions Trophy.

text: Selection committee[edit]

text: Selection for the Indian cricket team occurs through the BCCI's zonal selection policy, where each of the five zones is represented with one selector and one of the members nominated by BCCI as the Chairman of the selection committee. This has sometimes led to controversy as to whether these selectors are biased towards their zones.[43]

text: The current chairman of the selection committee is M. S. K. Prasad. Devang Gandhi, Sarandeep Singh, Jatin Paranjpe, and Gagan Khoda are the other members of the selection committee from 21 September 2016.

text: Team colours[edit]

text:
Period
Kit manufacturer
Shirt sponsor

2003-2004

Sahara

2005-2013
Nike

2014-2016
Star India

2017-2022
Oppo

text: Since colours have made their way into international cricket, the Indian cricket team has chosen blue as their primary colour and orange/red as their secondary colour and have worn one or the other shade of blue. The blue colour of their uniform has also earned them the nickname of "Men in Blue". With the advent of the World Series Cup in the 1970s, each team was to don a primary and secondary colour on their uniforms. The Indian team elected to wear light-blue as their primary colour and yellow as their secondary colour. Even during the 1999 Cricket World Cup, the secondary colour on the Indian cricket team's clothing was yellow. However, this has since been replaced with the tricolour. In the past, the Indian ODI outfits were changed to different shades of blue, mostly darker than the current,[44] and the team donned navy blue during 1992,[45] and then the sky blue colour for the next decade. Indian team has got a new kit from 2009 which is feroza blue with India written on it in orange.[46] From October 2010, the team is once again using a light blue shade though not as light as the previous sky blue one, with India written in orange, and shades of the tricolour at the sides. The kit sponsor for the Indian cricket team is Nike, which in 2005 bought the kit rights in a $27.2 million contract with BCCI.[47]

text: Due to their love for blue colour Nike with Board for Control of Cricket in India launched the mega campaign called "Bleed Blue" for the support of Indian team in 2011 ICC Cricket World Cup which turned out to be a huge success and people over the internet and places adopted this to cheer for India.[48]

text: A new ultramarine blue coloured jersey of the one-day cricket team was released on 20 October 2010[49] for the upcoming tours and ICC Cricket World Cup. The jersey has been designed by team's apparel and kit sponsor Nike. Previously, the Indian cricket team has worn a darker shade of blue and before that, the team has worn sky blue. The vertical tricolour band has been made on both sides in comparison to just one side in the previous shirt. OPPO, the manufacturer of Chinese electronics is the official team sponsor logo is on the central part of the jersey (above orange coloured INDIA logo) and on the right arm Nike logo is visible. The name and jersey number of the player are printed in orange at the back while on the chest the logo of BCCI is on the left side. The one-day cap was also sky blue with the BCCI logo on the front.

text: When playing first-class cricket, in addition to their cricket whites, Indian fielders sometimes wear a sunhat, which is dark blue and has a wide brim, with the BCCI logo in the middle of the front of the hat. Helmets are coloured similarly. Some players sport the Indian flag on their helmet. The current kit sponsor for the Indian team is Nike and current team sponsor is OPPO (since April, 2017).[50] Previously, the Indian team was sponsored by Star India (2014-2017),[51] Sahara India Pariwar (2002-2013) and Wills (1994-2000).

text: International grounds[edit]

text: There are numerous world-renowned cricket stadiums located in India. Most grounds are under the administration of various state cricket boards as opposed to being under the control of the BCCI. The Bombay Gymkhana was the first ground in India to host a full-scale cricket match featuring an Indian cricket team. This was between the Parsis and the Europeans in 1877. The first stadium to host a Test match in India was also the Gymkhana Ground in Bombay in 1933, the only Test it ever hosted. The second and third Tests in the 1933 series were hosted at Eden Gardens and Chepauk. The Feroz Shah Kotla in Delhi was the first stadium to host a Test match after independence, a draw against the West Indies in 1948, the first of a 5-Test series. 21 stadiums in India have hosted at least one official Test match. In recent years, there has been an increase in the number of world-class cricket stadiums in India, with multiple Test venues in Indore, Chandigarh Mohali, Chennai, Mumbai, Hyderabad, Rajkot, Ranchi, Pune, Dharamshala and Nagpur.

text: Eden Gardens in Kolkata has hosted the most Tests, and also has the second-largest seating capacity of any cricket stadium in the world, being capable of holding more than 66,000 spectators. Founded in 1864, it is one of the most historical stadiums in India, having hosted numerous historical and controversial matches.[52] Other major stadiums in India include the Feroz Shah Kotla, which was established in 1883 and hosted memorable matches including Anil Kumble's ten wickets in an innings haul against Pakistan. For the last two years, the ground has been undergoing renovation.[53]

text: The Bombay Gymkhana hosted the first ever Test match in India which is the only Test it has hosted to date. Wankhede Stadium, established in 1974, has a capacity to hold 33,000 spectators and is currently the most popular venue in the city. It has hosted 24 Test matches. It was the unofficial successor of the Brabourne Stadium, which is also located in Mumbai. Mumbai is often considered the cricketing capital of India because of its fans and the talent it produces (see Mumbai cricket team) and thus the stadium regularly hosts major Test matches.[54] The M. A. Chidambaram Stadium in Chepauk is also considered to be an important historical Indian cricket ground, established in the early 1900s it was the site of India's first Test victory.[55]

text:
Stadium
City
Test matches
Ref

Eden Gardens
Kolkata
41
[56]

Feroz Shah Kotla Ground
Delhi
34
[57]

M. A. Chidambaram Stadium
Chepauk, Chennai
32
[58]

Wankhede Stadium
Mumbai
25
[59]

Green Park
Kanpur
22
[60]

M. Chinnaswamy Stadium
Bangalore
22
[61]

Brabourne Stadium
Mumbai
18
[62]

Punjab Cricket Association Stadium
Mohali, Chandigarh
13
[63]

Sardar Patel Stadium (Gujarat)
Motera, Ahmedabad
12
[64]

Nehru Stadium
Chennai
9
[65]

Vidarbha Cricket Association Ground
Nagpur
9
[66]

Vidarbha Cricket Association Stadium
Nagpur
6
[67]

Rajiv Gandhi International Cricket Stadium
Hyderabad
4
[68]

Lal Bahadur Shastri Stadium
Hyderabad
3
[69]

Barabati Stadium
Cuttack
2
[70]

Holkar Stadium
Indore
1
[71]

Saurashtra Cricket Association Stadium
Rajkot
1
[72]

ACA-VDCA Cricket Stadium
Visakhapatnam
1
[73]

Maharashtra Cricket Association Stadium
Pune
1
[74]

JSCA International Stadium Complex
Ranchi
1
[75]

Himachal Pradesh Cricket Association Stadium
Dharamshala
1
[76]

Bombay Gymkhana
Mumbai
1
[77]

Gandhi Stadium
Jalandhar
1
[78]

K. D. Singh Babu Stadium
Lucknow
1
[79]

Sawai Mansingh Stadium
Jaipur
1
[80]

Sector 16 Stadium
Chandigarh
1
[81]

University Ground
Lucknow
1
[82]

text: Captains[edit]

text: Thirty-two men have captained the Indian cricket team in at least one Test match, although only six have led the team in more than 25 matches, and six have captained the team in ODIs but not Tests. India's first captain was CK Nayudu, who led the team in four matches against England: one in England in 1932 and a series of three matches at home in 1933–34. Lala Amarnath, India's fourth captain, led the team in its first Test match after Indian independence. He also captained the side to its first Test victory and first series win, both in a three-match series at home against Pakistan in 1952–53. From 1952 until 1961–62, India had a number of captains such as Vijay Hazare, Polly Umrigar and Nari Contractor.

text: The Nawab of Pataudi, Mansoor Ali Khan Pataudi, was the team's captain for 36 Test matches from 1961–62 to 1969–70, returning for another four matches against West Indies in 1974–75. In the early years of his captaincy tenure, the team was whitewashed in the West Indies, England and Australia. However, in 1967–68, Pataudi led India on its maiden New Zealand tour, which ended in India winning the Test series 3–1. In 1970–71, Ajit Wadekar took over the captaincy from Pataudi. Under Wadekar's captaincy, India registered its first Test series win in the West Indies and England. India played its first ODI in 1974, also under his captaincy. India won its first ODI under the captaincy of Srinivasaraghavan Venkataraghavan in the 1975 Cricket World Cup, against East Africa. Between 1975–76 and 1978–79, Bishen Singh Bedi captained the team in 22 Tests and 4 ODIs, winning 6 Tests and one ODI.

text: Sunil Gavaskar took over as Test and ODI captain in 1978–79, leading India in 47 Test matches and 37 ODIs, winning 9 Tests and 14 ODIs. He was succeeded by Kapil Dev in the 1980s, who captained for 34 Test matches, including 4 victories. Kapil Dev led India to victory in 39 of his 74 ODIs in charge, including the 1983 Cricket World Cup. Kapil Dev also captained India's 2–0 Test series victory in England in 1986. Between 1987–88 and 1989–90, India had three captains in Dilip Vengsarkar, Ravi Shastri and Krishnamachari Srikkanth. Vengsarkar took over the captaincy from Kapil Dev after the 1987 Cricket World Cup. Although he started with two centuries in his first series as captain, his captaincy period was turbulent[citation needed] and he lost the job following a disastrous tour of the West Indies in early-1989 and a stand-off with the Indian cricket board (BCCI).

text: India has had six regular Test captains since Mohammad Azharuddin took charge in 1989. Azharuddin led the team in 47 Test matches from 1989–90 to 1998–99, winning 14, and in 174 ODIs, winning 90. He was followed by Sachin Tendulkar, who captained the team in 25 Test matches and 73 ODIs in the late 1990s; Tendulkar was relatively unsuccessful[83][84] as a captain, winning only 4 Test matches and 23 ODIs. He was replaced as ODI captain by Ajay Jadeja and then by Sourav Ganguly.

text: Ganguly became the regular captain of the team in both Tests and ODIs in 2000. He remained captain until 2005–06 and became the then most successful Indian captain, winning 21 of his 49 Test matches in charge and 76 of his 146 ODIs. Under his captaincy, India became the joint-winners of the 2002 ICC Champions Trophy with Sri Lanka, and the runners-up of the 2003 Cricket World Cup. India lost only three Tests at home under Ganguly and managed to draw Test series in England and Australia. Rahul Dravid took over as Test captain in 2005. In 2006, he led India to its first Test series victory in the West Indies in more than 30 years.

text: In September 2007, Mahendra Singh Dhoni was named as the new captain of the ODI and T20I teams, after Dravid stepped down from the post. Soon after taking up the captaincy, Dhoni led the team to the inaugural World Twenty20 title. Anil Kumble was appointed Test captain in November 2007, but retired from international cricket in November 2008 after captaining in 14 Tests. Dhoni succeeded him as the Test captain, making him the captain in all formats. Under the captaincy of Dhoni, the Indian team held the number one position in the Test rankings for 21 months (from November 2009 to August 2011), and set a national record for most back-to-back ODI wins (nine straight wins).[85] Dhoni also led the team to victory in 2011 Cricket World Cup and 2013 ICC Champions Trophy. Thus, Dhoni became the first captain in history to win all three major ICC trophies, namely- ICC Cricket World Cup in 2011, ICC World Twenty20 in 2007 and ICC Champions Trophy in 2013. He is widely regarded as India's best ever captain. However, the team performed poorly in away Tests from 2011 to 2014 and Dhoni retired from Test cricket in December 2014, with Virat Kohli being named as the new Test captain. Dhoni resigned as captain of the ODI and T20 teams in January 2017 and Kohli succeeded him at the position.

text: Under Kohli's captaincy, India was unbeaten in 19 Test matches, starting from a 3–0 series win over New Zealand and ending with a 2–1 series win over Australia. India has an unbeaten streak of winning 9 consecutive Test series as of Dec 2017, starting with a 2–1 series win over Sri Lanka. India also became only the third team after Australia and South Africa to have won their most recent Test series simultaneously against all the other Test playing nations. As per winning percentage in Test matches, Kohli is India's most successful test captain, having won more than 61% of Test matches (at least 2 games).

text: Results and fixtures[edit]

text: The recent results and forthcoming fixtures of India in international cricket:

text:
Bilateral series and tours

Date
Against
H/A/N
Results [Matches]

Test
ODI
T20I

June–July 2017
 West Indies
Away
–
3–1 [5]
0–1 [1]

July–September 2017
 Sri Lanka
Away
3–0 [3]
5–0 [5]
1–0 [1]

September–October 2017
 Australia
Home
–
4–1 [5]
1–1 [3]

October–November 2017
 New Zealand
Home
–
2–1 [3]
2–1 [3]

November–December 2017
 Sri Lanka
Home
1–0 [3]
2–1 [3]
3–0 [3]

January–February 2018
 South Africa
Away
1–2 [3]
5–1 [6]
2–1 [3]

June 2018
 Afghanistan
Home
[1]
–
–

June 2018
 Ireland
Away
–
–
[2]

July–September 2018
 England
Away
[5]
[3]
[3]

text:
Multiteam series and tournaments

Date
Series
Format
Position
Results [Matches]

June 2017
2017 ICC Champions Trophy
ODI
Runner-up
3–2 [5]

March 2018
 2018 Nidahas Trophy
T20I
Winner
4–1 [5]

September 2018
 2018 Asia Cup
ODI

text: Personnel[edit]

text: Squad[edit]

text: This lists all the players who have played for India in the past 12 months and the forms in which they have played. Correct as of 7 March 2018.

text: Key

text:
C/G = Contract grade
S/N = Shirt number

text:
Name
Age
Batting style
Bowling style
Domestic team
Zone
C/G[86][87]
Forms
S/N

Captain and middle-order batsman

Virat Kohli
29
Right-handed
Right medium
Delhi
North
A+
Test, ODI, T20I
18

Test vice-captain and middle-order batsman

Ajinkya Rahane
29
Right-handed
Right medium
Mumbai
West
A
Test, ODI
27

ODI, T20I vice-captain and middle-order batsman

Rohit Sharma
30
Right-handed
Off break
Mumbai
West
A+
Test, ODI, T20I
45

Opening batsmen

Shikhar Dhawan
32
Left-handed
Off break
Delhi
North
A+
Test, ODI, T20I
25

Abhinav Mukund
28
Left-handed
Leg break
Tamil Nadu
South
–
Test

K. L. Rahul
26
Right-handed
Off break
Karnataka
South
B
Test, ODI, T20I
1

Murali Vijay
34
Right-handed
Off break
Tamil Nadu
South
A
Test
8

Middle-order batsmen

Shreyas Iyer
23
Right-handed
Leg break
Mumbai
West
–
ODI, T20I
41

Kedar Jadhav
33
Right-handed
Off break
Maharashtra
West
C
ODI, T20I
81

Manish Pandey
28
Right-handed
Right medium
Karnataka
South
C
ODI, T20I
9

Cheteshwar Pujara
30
Right-handed
Leg break
Saurashtra
West
A
Test
16

Suresh Raina
31
Left-handed
Off break
Uttar Pradesh
Central
C
T20I
3

All-rounders

Ravichandran Ashwin
31
Right-handed
Off break
Tamil Nadu
South
A
Test, ODI, T20I
99

Ravindra Jadeja
29
Left-handed
Slow left arm
Saurashtra
West
A
Test, ODI, T20I
8

Hardik Pandya
24
Right-handed
Right medium-fast
Baroda
West
B
Test, ODI, T20I
33

Axar Patel
24
Left-handed
Slow left arm
Gujarat
West
C
ODI, T20I
20

Vijay Shankar
27
Right-handed
Right medium
Tamil Nadu
South
–
T20I
59

Washington Sundar
18
Left-handed
Off break
Tamil Nadu
South
–
ODI, T20I
55

Yuvraj Singh
36
Left-handed
Slow left arm
Punjab
North
–
ODI
12

Wicket-keepers

Mahendra Singh Dhoni
36
Right-handed
Right medium
Jharkhand
East
A
ODI, T20I
7

Dinesh Karthik
32
Right-handed
Off break
Tamil Nadu
South
B
ODI, T20I
21

Rishabh Pant
20
Left-handed

Delhi
North
–
T20I
77

Parthiv Patel
33
Left-handed

Gujarat
West
C
Test
42

Wriddhiman Saha
33
Right-handed

Bengal
East
A
Test
24

Pace bowlers

Jasprit Bumrah
24
Right-handed
Right fast-medium
Gujarat
West
A+
Test, ODI, T20I
93

Bhuvneshwar Kumar
28
Right-handed
Right medium-fast
Uttar Pradesh
Central
A+
Test, ODI, T20I
15

Mohammed Shami
27
Right-handed
Right fast-medium
Bengal
East
B
Test, ODI, T20I
11

Ishant Sharma
29
Right-handed
Right fast-medium
Delhi
North
B
Test
1

Mohammed Siraj
24
Right-handed
Right medium-fast
Hyderabad
South
–
T20I
13

Shardul Thakur
26
Right-handed
Right medium-fast
Mumbai
West
–
ODI, T20I
54

Jaydev Unadkat
26
Right-handed
Left medium-fast
Saurashtra
West
–
T20I
77

Umesh Yadav
30
Right-handed
Right fast
Vidarbha
Central
B
Test, ODI
19

Spin bowlers

Yuzvendra Chahal
27
Right-handed
Leg break
Haryana
North
B
ODI, T20I
3

Kuldeep Yadav
23
Left-handed
Left arm chinaman
Uttar Pradesh
Central
B
Test, ODI, T20I
23

text: Other players with a central contract who have not played for India in the past 12 months: Karun Nair and Jayant Yadav (both Grade C)

text: The BCCI awards central contracts to its players, its pay graded according to the importance of the player. Players' salaries are as follows:

text:
Grade A+ – ₹7 crore (US$1.1 million)
Grade A – ₹5 crore (US$766,000)
Grade B – ₹3 crore (US$459,000)
Grade C – ₹1 crore (US$153,000)

text: Players also receive a match fee of ₹15 lakh (US$23,000) per Test match, ₹6 lakh (US$9,200) per ODI, and ₹3 lakh (US$4,600) per T20I.[88]

text: Support staff[edit]

text:
Head coach - Ravi Shastri
Batting coach - Sanjay Bangar
Bowling coach - Bharat Arun
Fielding coach - Ramakrishnan Sridhar
Manager - Sunil Subramaniam
Trainer - Basu Shanker
Physio - Patrick Farhart

text: Tournament history[edit]

text:
World Cup record

Host
Year
Round
Position
GP
W
L
T
NR

England
1975
Round 1
6/8
3
1
2
0
0

England
1979
7/8
3
0
3
0
0

England
1983
Champions
1/8
8
6
2
0
0

India/Pakistan
1987
Semi-finals
4/8
7
5
2
0
0

Australia/New Zealand
1992
Round 1
7/9
8
2
5
0
1

India/Pakistan/Sri Lanka
1996
Semi-finals
4/12
7
4
3
0
0

England
1999
R2 (Super 6s)
6/12
8
4
4
0
0

South Africa/Zimbabwe/Kenya
2003
Runners-up
2/14
11
9
2
0
0

West Indies
2007
Round 1
10/16
3
1
2
0
0

India/Sri Lanka/Bangladesh
2011
Champions
1/14
9
7
1
1
0

Australia/New Zealand
2015
Semi-finals
3/14
8
7
1
0
0

England
2019
-
–
–
–
–
–
–

India
2023
-
–
–
–
–
–
–

Total
12/12
2 titles
75
46
27
1
1

text:
World Twenty20 record

Host
Year
Round
Position
GP
W
L
T
NR

South Africa
2007
Champions
1/12
7
4
1
1
1

England
2009
Super 8s
7/12
5
2
3
0
0

West Indies
2010
8/12
5
2
3
0
0

Sri Lanka
2012
5/12
5
4
1
0
0

Bangladesh
2014
Runners-up
2/16
6
5
1
0
0

India
2016
Semi-finals
3/16
5
3
2
0
0

Total
6/6
1 title
33
20
11
1
1

text:
Other Major Tournaments

ICC Champions Trophy
Asia Cup

1998: Semi-finals
2000: Runners-up
2002: Joint Champions with Sri Lanka
2004: Round 1
2006: Round 1
2009: Round 1
2013: Champions
2017: Runners-up

1984: Champions
1986: Boycott
1988: Champions
1990/1991: Champions
1995: Champions
1997: Runners-up
2000: 3rd place
2004: Runners-up
2008: Runners-up
2010: Champions
2012: 3rd place
2014: 3rd place
2016: Champions

text:
Defunct Tournaments

Commonwealth Games†
Hero Cup
Asian Test Championship
Austral-Asia Cup
World Championship of Cricket

1998: Round 1

1993 Hero Cup: Champions

1999: 3rd place
2001: Boycott

1986: Runners-up
1990: Round 1
1994: Runners-up

1985 World Championship of Cricket: Champions

text: †Cricket was played only at the 1998 Commonwealth Games. †The Indian team that won the 1985 World Championship of Cricket was adjudged by Wisden as the 'Team of the Century'.

text: Individual records[edit]

text: Sachin Tendulkar, who began playing for India as a 16-year-old in 1989 and has since become the most prolific run-scorer in the history of both Test and ODI cricket, holds a large number of national batting records. He holds the record of most appearances in both Tests and ODIs, most runs in both Tests and ODIs and most centuries in Tests and ODIs. The highest score by an Indian is the 319 scored by Virender Sehwag in Chennai. It is the second triple century in Test cricket by an Indian, the first being a 309 also made by Sehwag although against Pakistan. The team's highest ever score was a 759/7 against England at MA Chidambaram Stadium, Chennai in 2016, while its lowest was 42 against England in 1974. In ODIs, the team's highest score is 418/5 against West Indies at Indore in 2011–12. India score 413–5 in a match against Bermuda in 2007 World Cup which is the highest score ever in Cricket World Cup history. In the same match, India set a world record of the highest winning margin in an ODI match of 257 runs.

text: India has also had some very strong bowling figures, with spin bowler Anil Kumble being a member of the elite group of 3 bowlers who have taken 600 Test wickets. In 1999, Anil Kumble emulated Jim Laker to become the second bowler to take all ten wickets in a Test match innings when he took 10 wickets for 74 runs against Pakistan at the Feroz Shah Kotla in Delhi.

text: Many of the Indian cricket team's records are also world records, for example Sachin Tendulkar's century tally (in Tests and ODIs) and run tally (also in both Tests and ODIs). Mahendra Singh Dhoni's 183 not out against Sri Lanka in 2005 is the world record score by a wicketkeeper in ODIs. The Indian cricket team also holds the record sequence of 17 successful run-chases in ODIs,[90] which ended in a dramatic match against the West Indies in May 2006, which India lost by just 1 run when Yuvraj Singh was bowled by Dwayne Bravo's full toss.

text: Sachin Tendulkar was the first batsman to score 200 runs (he was unbeaten on 200 from 147 deliveries including 25x4 and 3x6) in a single ODI innings, on 24 February 2010 against South Africa in Gwalior. On 8 December 2011, this achievement was eclipsed by compatriot Virender Sehwag, who scored 219 runs from 149 deliveries (25x4 | 7x6) versus West Indies in Indore. On 13 November 2014 the record was broken by another Indian opening batsmen, Rohit Sharma, who scored 264 runs from 173 deliveries (33x4 | 9x6) against Sri Lanka in Kolkata. In 2013, MS Dhoni became the first captain in history to win all three major ICC trophies- ICC Cricket World Cup in 2011, ICC World Twenty20 in 2007 and ICC Champions Trophy in 2013.

text: In 2014, Virat Kohli became the first cricketer to win back-to-back man of the series awards in the 2012 ICC World Twenty20 and 2014 ICC World Twenty20. In 2017, Ravichandran Ashwin became the fastest cricketer in history to reach 250 wickets. He and Ravindra Jadeja are considered to be the best bowlers in Test cricket and occupy the top two spots in the rankings for Test bowlers as of May 2017. Virat Kohli became the first captain in history to score double tons in three consecutive series, against New Zealand, England and Bangladesh in 2017.

text: Statistics[edit]

text: Tests[edit]

text: Test record versus other nations

text:
Opponent
Matches
Won
Lost
Tied
Draw
W/L Ratio
First
Last

 Afghanistan
0
0
0
0
0
-
-
-

 Australia
94
26
41
1
26
0.63
1947
2017

 Bangladesh
9
7
0
0
2
-
2000
2017

 England
117
25
43
0
49
0.58
1932
2016

 Ireland
0
0
0
0
0
-
-
-

 New Zealand
57
21
10
0
26
2.10
1955
2016

 Pakistan
59
9
12
0
38
0.75
1952
2007

 South Africa
36
11
15
0
10
0.73
1992
2018

 Sri Lanka
44
20
7
0
17
2.85
1982
2017

 West Indies
94
18
30
0
46
0.60
1948
2016

 Zimbabwe
11
7
2
0
2
3.50
1992
2005

Total
521
144
160
1
216
0.90
1932
2018

Statistics are correct as of  India v  South Africa at New Wanderers Stadium, Johannesburg, 3rd Test, Jan 24-27, 2018.[91][92]

v
t
e

text:
Most Test runs for India[93]

Player
Runs
Average

Sachin Tendulkar
15,921
53.78

Rahul Dravid
13,265
52.63

Sunil Gavaskar
10,122
51.12

VVS Laxman
8,781
45.97

Virender Sehwag
8,586
49.34

Sourav Ganguly
7,212
42.17

Dilip Vengsarkar
6,868
42.13

Mohammad Azharuddin
6,215
45.03

Gundappa Vishwanath
6,080
41.93

Virat Kohli
5,554
53.40

Most Test wickets for India[94]

Player
Wickets
Average

Anil Kumble
619
29.65

Kapil Dev
434
29.64

Harbhajan Singh
417
32.46

Ravichandran Ashwin
311
25.56

Zaheer Khan
311
32.94

Bishan Singh Bedi
266
28.71

Bhagwat Chandrasekhar
242
29.74

Javagal Srinath
236
30.49

Ishant Sharma
234
35.94

Erapalli Prasanna
189
30.38

text: One-Day Internationals[edit]

text: ODI record versus other nations

text:
Opponent
Matches
Won
Lost
Tied
No Result
% Won
First
Last

ICC Full Members

 Afghanistan
1
1
0
0
0
100.00
2014
2014

 Australia
128
45
73
0
10
38.13
1980
2017

 Bangladesh
33
27
5
0
1
84.37
1988
2017

 England
96
52
39
2
3
56.98
1974
2017

 Ireland
3
3
0
0
0
100.00
2007
2015

 New Zealand
101
51
44
1
5
53.64
1975
2017

 Pakistan
129
52
73
0
4
41.60
1978
2017

 South Africa
83
34
46
0
3
42.50
1988
2018

 Sri Lanka
158
90
56
1
11
61.56
1979
2017

 West Indies
121
56
61
1
3
47.88
1979
2017

 Zimbabwe
63
51
10
2
0
82.53
1983
2016

Others

 Bermuda
1
1
0
0
0
100.00
2007
2007

 East Africa
1
1
0
0
0
100.00
1975
1975

 Hong Kong
1
1
0
0
0
100.00
2008
2008

 Kenya
13
11
2
0
0
84.61
1996
2004

 Namibia
1
1
0
0
0
100.00
2003
2003

 Netherlands
2
2
0
0
0
100.00
2003
2011

 Scotland
1
1
0
0
0
100.00
2007
2007

 United Arab Emirates
3
3
0
0
0
100.00
1994
2015

Total
939
483
409
7
40
54.11
1974
2018

Statistics are correct as of  India v  South Africa at SuperSport Park, Centurion, 16 February 2018.[95][96]

v
t
e

text:
Most ODI runs for India[97]

Player
Runs
Average

Sachin Tendulkar
18,426
44.83

Sourav Ganguly
11,221
40.95

Rahul Dravid
10,768
39.15

MS Dhoni
9,793
51.00

Virat Kohli
9,588
58.11

Mohammad Azharuddin
9,378
36.92

Yuvraj Singh
8,609
36.47

Virender Sehwag
7,995
35.37

Rohit Sharma
6,594
44.55

Suresh Raina
5,568
35.46

Most ODI wickets for India[98]

Player
Wickets
Average

Anil Kumble
334
30.83

Javagal Srinath
315
28.08

Ajit Agarkar
288
27.85

Zaheer Khan
269
30.11

Harbhajan Singh
265
33.47

Kapil Dev
253
27.45

Venkatesh Prasad
196
32.30

Irfan Pathan
173
29.72

Manoj Prabhakar
157
28.87

Ashish Nehra
155
31.60

text: Twenty20 Internationals[edit]

text: T20I record versus other nations

text:
Opponent
Matches
Won
Lost
Tie+Win
Tie+Loss
No Result
% Won
First
Last

ICC Full Members

 Afghanistan
2
2
0
0
0
0
100.00
2010
2012

 Australia
15
10
5
0
0
0
66.66
2007
2017

 Bangladesh
8
8
0
0
0
0
100.00
2009
2018

 England
11
5
6
0
0
0
45.45
2007
2017

 Ireland
1
1
0
0
0
0
100.00
2009
2009

 New Zealand
8
2
6
0
0
0
25.00
2007
2017

 Pakistan
8
6
1
1
0
0
81.25
2007
2016

 South Africa
13
8
5
0
0
0
61.53
2006
2018

 Sri Lanka
16
11
5
0
0
0
68.75
2009
2018

 West Indies
8
2
5
0
0
1
28.57
2009
2017

 Zimbabwe
7
5
2
0
0
0
71.42
2010
2016

ICC Associate members

 Scotland
1
0
0
0
0
1
–
2007
2007

 United Arab Emirates
1
1
0
0
0
0
100.00
2016
2016

Total
99
61
35
1
0
2
63.40
2006
2018

Statistics are correct as of  India v  Bangladesh at R. Premadasa Stadium, Colombo, March 18, 2018.[99][100]

v
t
e

text:
Most T20I runs for India[101]

Player
Runs
Average

Virat Kohli
1,983
50.84

Rohit Sharma
1,852
31.38

Suresh Raina
1,499
28.82

MS Dhoni
1,444
37.02

Yuvraj Singh
1,177
28.02

Most T20I wickets for India[102]

Player
Wickets
Average

R Ashwin
52
22.94

Jasprit Bumrah
41
20.43

Yuzvendra Chahal
35
18.45

Ashish Nehra
34
22.29

Ravindra Jadeja
31
31.70

text: Players in bold text are still active with India.

text: Fan following[edit]

text: Due to the massive Indian diaspora in nations like Australia, England and South Africa, a large Indian fan turnout is expected whenever India plays in each of these nations.

text: There have been a number of official fan groups that have been formed over the years, including the Swami Army or Bharat Army,[103] the Indian equivalent of the Barmy Army, that were very active in their support when India toured Australia in 2003/2004. They are known to attribute a number of popular Indian songs to the cricket team.[104]

text: Fan rivalry and cross-border tension has created a strong rivalry between the Indian and the Pakistani cricket teams. In tours between these two nations, cricket visas are often employed to accommodate for the tens of thousands of fans wishing to cross the border to watch cricket. This intense fan dedication is one of the major causes of the BCCI's financial success.[105]

text: However, there are downsides to having such a cricket-loving population. Many Indians hold cricket very close to their hearts and losses are not received well by the Indian population. In some cases, particularly after losses to Pakistan or after a long string of weak performances, there have been reports of player effigies being burnt in the streets and vandalism of player homes.[106] In many cases, players have come under intense attention from the media for negative reasons, this has been considered as one of the reasons for Sourav Ganguly being left out of the Indian team. At times, when a match is surrounded by controversy, it has resulted in a debacle. For example, when India slid to defeat against Australia at Brabourne Stadium in 1969, fans began throwing stones and bottles onto the field as well as setting fire to the stands, before laying siege to the Australian dressing rooms. During the same tour, a stampede occurred at Eden Gardens when tickets were oversold and India fell to another loss; the Australian team bus was later stoned with bricks.[107] A similar event occurred during the 1996 Cricket World Cup, where India were losing the semi-final to Sri Lanka at Eden Gardens. In this case, the fan behaviour was directed at the Indian team in disappointment at their lacklustre performance. An armed guard had to be placed at the home of captain Mohammad Azharuddin to ensure his safety.[107] Indian fans have also been passionate in their following of Sachin Tendulkar, who has been commonly thought of as one of the best batsmen in the world. Glorified for the bulk of his career, a riot occurred in early 1999 in a Test against Pakistan at Eden Gardens after a collision with Pakistani paceman Shoaib Akhtar saw him run out, forcing police to eject spectators and the game to be played in an empty stadium. Although in 2006, a string of low scores resulted in Tendulkar being booed by the Mumbai crowd when he got out against England[108]

text: Often, fans engage in protests regarding players if they believe that regionalism has affected selection, or because of regional partisan support for local players. In 2005, when Sourav Ganguly was dropped due to lack of form, Ganguly's home state of West Bengal erupted in protests.[109] India later played a match against South Africa in Kolkata, West Bengal. The Indian team was booed by the crowd who supported South Africa instead of India in response to Ganguly's dropping.[citation needed] Similar regional divisions in India regarding selection have also caused protests against the team, with political activists from the regional Kalinga Kamgar Sena party in Odisha disrupting the arrival of the team in Cuttack for an ODI over the lack of a local player in the team, with one activist manhandling coach Greg Chappell.[110] Similar treatment was handed to Sunil Gavaskar in the 1987 World Cup Semi Finals by crowds at Wankhede Stadium when he got bowled by Philip DeFreitas.[108]

text: A successful string of results, victories against arch-rivals Pakistan or victory in major tournaments such as the World Cup are greeted with particular ecstasy from the Indian fans.[111]

text: Indian women's cricket team[edit]

text: The Indian women's cricket team has a much lower profile than the men's team. For all national women's cricket teams, the female players are paid much less their male counterparts, and the women's teams do not receive as much popular support or recognition as the men's team. The women's teams also have a less packed schedule compared to men's teams and play fewer matches. The Indian women's cricket team played its first Test match in 1976/7, when they drew with the West Indies in a six-match series.[112]

text: The Women's Cricket World Cup was held in India in 1978 and featured 4 teams. India lost both the matches they have played. Their next appearance in the Test and ODI circuit was against Australia in 1984, in which the Test series was tied but the ODI series was lost in a whitewash.

text: The Indian women's cricket team has since picked up their form, reaching the finals in the World Cup, but then losing to Australia. The Women's Asia Cup of 2005–06 was won by India, who beat Sri Lanka in the final. They also beat the West Indies in the 2004–05 season, winning the 5 ODI series 5–0. They were knocked out in the group stage of the 2013 Women's Cricket World Cup held in India. India reached the final of the 2017 World Cup but lost to England by 9 runs, following which the team was praised by many including Prime Minister Narendra Modi.

text: Jhulan Goswami is the world's leading ODI wicket-taker while Mithali Raj, the captain, is the leading run-scorer in ODI cricket.