document_title: GEICO advertising campaigns

question_text: who provided the voice of the geico insurance company geico in its tv-ad debut

question_tokens: who provided the voice of the geico insurance company geico in its tv-ad debut

text: GEICO advertising campaigns

text: Animated advertisements[edit]

text: Animated advertisements were part of the early GEICO Direct ads as well as the "Dumb Things" campaign. The 15-second long commercials, animated by Bill Plympton, featured a curious little man walking up to an object and eventually getting hurt due to his curiosity of the object.[6] One of the commercials, for example, involved him finding a cannon and pressing a button, causing a resulting cannonball to fire out and stick to his face. The original saying in the commercial was "You could still save money on car insurance. Even if you made a few mistakes."; later modified to "We all do dumb things. Paying too much for car insurance doesn't have to be one of them."[7]

text: The Gecko[edit]

text: The company's ads sometimes focus on its reptilian mascot, The Gecko, an anthropomorphic Day Gecko created by The Martin Agency, modified in 2005 to a CGI character by Animation Director David Hulin and his team at Framestore. The gecko first appeared in 1999, during the Screen Actors Guild strike that prevented the use of live actors.[8] The original commercial features the Gecko, voiced by actor Kelsey Grammer, who climbs onto a microphone on a podium and utters "This is my final plea: I am a gecko, not to be confused with GEICO, which could save you hundreds on car insurance. So, STOP CALLING ME!", before licking his eye. Later "wrong number" ads used Dave Kelly as the voice of the gecko. In the subsequent commercials with Jake Wood[9] (which portray him as a representative of the company), the gecko speaks with a British Cockney accent, because it would be unexpected, according to Martin Agency's Steve Bassett. In 2010s commercials, the gecko's accent is more working-class, perhaps in an effort to further "humanize" him.[10] "As computer animation got better and as we got to know the character better, we did a few things," says Steve Bassett, creative director at The Martin Agency. "We wanted to make him a little more guy-next-door. And he looks a lot more real than he's looked before."[8] Chelsea Clinton, daughter of former president Bill Clinton and then-Secretary of State and 2016 Democratic Presidential candidate Hillary Clinton, interviewed the Geico Gecko in April 2013.[11] He had since became GEICO's longest-running mascot, appearing in more than 150 commercials as of 2017.

text: Maxwell the pig[edit]

text: Maxwell is an anthropomorphic talking pig and recurring character in GEICO advertisements. Maxwell debuted in an installment of the Rhetorical Questions campaign as the "little piggy who cried 'wee wee wee' all the way home" (referencing the famous nursery rhyme "This Little Piggy") being driven home by a friend's mother, squealing along the way. While Maxwell was originally intended as a one-time character, the popularity of his debut commercial resulted in him being spun off into his own series of commercials which usually feature him as a tech-savvy, informative pig who is most concerned with his GEICO-related objects.

text: Cavemen[edit]

text: A popular series of well-received advertisements uses cavemen as pitchmen. Also developed by the Martin Agency, the ads center on Neanderthal-like cavemen, no different from modern-day individuals (outside of somewhat prehistoric facial features), encountering either an ad or commercial with the tagline "GEICO: so easy a caveman could do it," followed by their disgust with the supposed stereotype of caveman stupidity. The ads posit a world where cavemen are still alive and active members of society in the present day, behaving and living nothing at all like the stereotypical caveman. The main characters presented in the ads are affluent, educated, and cultured, eating at fancy restaurants, going to exclusive parties, and seeing their therapists (portrayed in the commercials by two-time Oscar-nominated actress Talia Shire). The humor revolves around the relative normality of the cavemen's presence and their reactions to the stereotype represented in the ads, and their attempts at defending themselves from the stereotype.

text: The ads were so successful that the commercial actors are appearing in a successful series of interactive websites written and produced by GEICO's in-house creative team at Caveman's Crib and most recently, iHeartcavemen. A spin-off TV series, titled Cavemen and starring new actors, debuted on ABC in October 2007[12] to overwhelmingly negative critical reaction. It was canceled after only six episodes were aired.

text: Parodies[edit]

text: Another common theme is misdirection, in which the commercial appears to be about an unrelated product (or, in fact, may not even be a commercial), suddenly changing to become a plug for GEICO. The commercials use a variety of fictional characters such as Speed Racer, Chatty Cathy, Jed Clampett, and Bill Dutchess. Other commercials relate to a hair loss doctor who has saved by switching to GEICO, a nature show about a fish, workout with Tony Little, and a soap opera of a couple who are breaking up. Another set of GEICO ads involved a fictional reality show called "Tiny House" in which contestants were forced to live in a half-scale house.

text: An additional commercial theme is the promotion of fictional products. In 2006 parody ads featured such products as long distance phone service, tomato soda, fast-food, a reality TV show, dolls, and even poking fun at the Old Navy commercials – in all cases, the parody portion of the ad ends with "but it won't save you any money on car insurance." After the GEICO slogan is heard, the commercials end with "Why haven't you called GEICO?" Including Wonder Glue.

text: The parody pitch crossed over to the Caveman campaign in 2007, in a 10-second spot that appears to be a talking heads news interview, but features the popular caveman.

text: In response to some of the parody ads, Seth Green and Matthew Senreich wrote a sketch using the character C in a parody of one of the celebrity ads for their second Robot Chicken Star Wars special.

text: MADtv also made a sketch parodying these ads using characters of Elmo (who was performed by Frank Caeti) and Carlos Mencia (who was played by Johnny Sanchez).

text: Actor Scott Whyte has made a series of commercial parodies, calling the company, "Schmeiko", while performing a series of impressions.

text: "I've got good news"[edit]

text: In another ad campaign, a character would be breaking bad news to another (such as a baseball manager replacing a struggling pitcher with a reliever), but then offers helpfully, "I've got good news: I just saved a bunch of money on my car insurance by switching to GEICO!" That news, of course, is of no immediate use at all to the other character(s). Some of the ads were parodies and/or featured celebrities including, for example, Esteban; one featured the popular anime character Speed Racer. The exchange became parodied for a time while the ads were popular. One of the most watched "I've got good news" spots was a soap opera parody featuring television actor Sebastian Siegel.

text: Bland salesman[edit]

text: In another series of ads, a GEICO pitchman is played by actor Jerry Lambert in an extremely bland and understated way, parodying the stereotype of an insurance man, such as reading to a group of uninterested children from a book of fairy tales about insurance, watching a view of cats in the living room where a gecko is standing on the couch, relaxing on a hot tub with a couple, and a flashback about "Honk If You Like". In one segment, he reads a supposed e-mail from a viewer saying it would be "da bomb" (i.e., something good), if the Gecko would do a dance called "The Robot". Cut to the Gecko doing that dance smoothly and gracefully (to the tune of a not-for-public-sale melody called "Sweet World" by a group called Omega Men,[13] which was used in the arcade video game In the Groove 2) and then back to the insurance salesman attempting to do the same dance, seemingly more stiffly than an actual robot would. The newest commercial featuring the GEICO gecko depicts the Gecko receiving a business suit from the salesman, in order to present a more professional appearance, but he declines.

text: "Real service, real savings"[edit]

text: In this campaign, a real GEICO customer would present his/her testimonials, while a celebrity standing next to, or behind, the customer uses his/her signature styles to help get the customer's word across.

text: Some of these celebrities included:

text:
Peter Graves (1926–2010)
Peter Frampton
Burt Bacharach
Little Richard
Mrs. Butterworth
Joan Rivers (1933–2014)
The Pips (1952–1989)
Charo
James Lipton
Michael Winslow
Verne Troyer
Don LaFontaine (1940–2008)

text: The slogan exclusive to this campaign is "GEICO: Real service, real savings".

text: My Great Rides[edit]

text: In 2007, GEICO also launched a social networking site, My Great Rides, for motorcycle owners. My Great Rides is a place for cycle owners to share stories about trips they have taken on their bikes, as well as post pictures of their motorcycles, and comment on other members' stories and pictures. My Great Rides was taken down on 27 February 2012.[14]

text: GEICO Racing[edit]

text: The number 7 car of the NASCAR Nationwide Series is driven by Mike Wallace and was sponsored by GEICO prior to 2009.[15][16] Commercials involving the race team are of a memorably disdainful young boy, played by actor Eddie Heffernan claiming to be a relative of Mike Wallace and being a better driver.[17] The boy says, "When people see Mike Wallace and the GEICO number 7 doing well, they'll think of saving a bunch of money on car insurance. But when they see me, they'll say, 'There goes Lauren Wallace; the greatest thing to ever climb into a race car.'"[18]

text: The commercials are sometimes presented in an interview fashion, where an unseen narrator speaks to the ambitious go-kart driver. "What do you think of Mike Wallace?" the child is asked, to which he responds, "Whatever, he's out there selling car insurance, I'm out there to win." When questioned on his relation to the NASCAR driver, Lauren shakes his head and concludes, "I didn't say I wouldn't go fishing with the man, all I'm saying is if he comes near me, I'll put him in the wall." To which the narrator questions him, "You don't race in the Busch Series." Lauren replies "Listen, go-kart track, grocery store, those remote controlled boats; when it comes to Mike Wallace the story ends with me putting him in the wall."

text: New ads in this lineup include Lauren referring to himself as being, "100 miles away and ready to strike," and "lightning in a bottle."

text: The success of those ads resulted in the launch of an interactive website written and produced by GEICO's in-house creative team at GEICO Garage. The site includes cameo appearances by Lauren Wallace and drivers Mike Wallace, his daughter Chrissy Wallace, Speed TV's Tommy Kendall, Paul Tracy, Christian Fittipaldi and Max Papis.

text: TRS: The Real Scoop[edit]

text: Introduced in 2 August 2007, this series of ads features an E! True Hollywood Story-type show about famed fictional characters such as Fred Flintstone, Jed Clampett, and even a Cabbage Patch Kid named Ben Winkler claiming to have their cars (the Flintmobile, Jed's 1923 Oldsmobile truck, and a Plymouth Reliant/Dodge Aries, respectively) insured by GEICO, featuring interviews with made-up investigators (however, the Ben Winkler spot does not have an interview). These commercials were voiced over by narrator David O'Brien.

text: "The money you could be saving"[edit]

text: Starting in 2008, GEICO has aired a series of TV ads featuring two paper-banded stacks of U.S. bills with a pair of big, googly eyes on top. Kash, who never says anything, just sits and stares at people (in a manner intended to be unsettling), set to a remix of a Rockwell/Michael Jackson song, "Somebody's Watching Me" by Mysto & Pizzi.

text: Rhetorical question campaign[edit]

text: Toward the end of 2009 until mid 2012, GEICO introduced another advertising campaign in which Mike McGlone walks into an empty room and queries the viewer, "Could switching to GEICO really save you 15% or more on car insurance?" After this, he pauses and then asks a rhetorical and/or obvious question which is immediately followed by a scene cut to the subject at hand. Such questions have included (in no particular order):

text: Television[edit]

text:
Is Ed "Too Tall" Jones too tall?: (Cuts to Jones in a doctor's office being measured for his height, even though he is too tall for the maximum length of the measure. The nurse then says, "I'm just gonna guesstimate.")
Does Charlie Daniels play a mean fiddle?: (Cuts to Daniels energetically playing a fiddle in a classy restaurant after taking it from a violinist. Once he finishes, he hands it back and states "That's how you do it, son".)
Does Elmer Fudd have trouble with the letter R?: (Cuts to Elmer hunting and telling the audience to be "vewy quiet" while he's "hunting wabbits", the director correcting his rhotacism to the former's frustration, and eventually stalking off the screen while muttering about how "this diwector is starting to wub (him) the wong way".)
Did The Waltons take way too long to say good night?: (Cuts to the Walton family saying "good night" to each other numerous times.)
Does a ten-pound bag of flour make a really big biscuit?: (Cuts to a child buttering an enormous biscuit on the kitchen counter humming as his mom walks in with a dismayed look upon her face.)
Did the caveman invent fire?: (Cuts to the GEICO caveman sitting in a living room on a couch with a female companion. He looks disdainfully at the camera, then activates the fireplace by remote control before scowling at the camera once more.)
Was Abe Lincoln honest?: (Cuts to an old-style black and white film of Mary Todd Lincoln asking "Does this dress make my backside look big?" After a lengthy pause and deliberation, Lincoln sheepishly responds, saying "Perhaps a ...", interrupted as she gets up and walks out perturbed.)
Is having a snowball fight with pitching great Randy Johnson a bad idea?: (Cuts to Johnson helping a man to his feet, the latter with a hole in the arm of his jacket, in a snowy street. After lamenting the heavily damaged garage door behind them, they agree to go sledding instead.)
Is a bird in the hand worth two in the bush?: (Cuts to an Antiques Roadshow appraiser examining a small statue of a human hand holding a bird. He tells the statue's owner that it is indeed worth at least two in the bush.)
Can fútbol announcer Andrés Cantor make any sport exciting?: (Cuts to Cantor loudly and energetically calling a slow-paced chess match. When one player makes a move, he yells his trademark "GOOAAALLL!" much to the players' annoyance)
Does a former drill sergeant make a terrible therapist?: (Cuts to R. Lee Ermey talking to a man on a psychiatrist's couch, then abruptly yelling at him for crying and then throws a box of tissues at him, calling him a crybaby.)
Do woodchucks chuck wood?: (Cuts to a jovial pair of woodchucks throwing chopped logs into a pond and being admonished by the farmer who chopped them.)
Did the little piggy cry 'wee wee wee' all the way home?? (Cuts to a pig named Maxwell riding in the back seat of an SUV holding pinwheels, yelling "wee wee wee" out the window, before being dropped off at his house by his friend's exasperated mother.) (See section Maxwell the Pig)
Does it take two to tango?: (Cuts to a man and woman dancing the tango while another man tries to dance with them.)
What, do you live under a rock?: (Cuts to a man living underground who moves a rock so he can raise his head above ground to see outside, and then gets excited when he sees a GEICO billboard and invites his friend Rick to move his own rock and take a peek.)
Does the buck stop here?; (The camera zooms out as a deer walks onto the soundstage and stops next to McGlone, who then shrugs his shoulders.)
Do dogs chase cats?: (Cuts to a dog and cat engaged in a Bullitt-style car chase.)
Would Foghorn Leghorn make a really bad book narrator?: (Cuts to a recording studio where Foghorn is reading A Tale of Two Cities – his ad-libbing and talking over the director cause an exasperated Henery Hawk to get up from the control panel and whack him with a club.)
Is the pen mightier than the sword?: (Cuts to a ninja menacingly demonstrating his swordsmanship to his opponent, who countermaneuvers by using a pen to sign for the delivery of his new taser, with which he promptly dispatches the ninja.)
Do people use smartphones to do dumb things?: (Cuts to three office workers using very silly smartphone apps to help celebrate the end of the workweek.)

text: Radio[edit]

text:
Would helium make opera sound less stuffy?: (Cuts to male opera singer singing in a deep voice, then inhaling helium, and continuing in a high-pitched voice.)
Do mimes make even less sense when you can't see them?: (Cuts to a narrator describing a mime pretending to be inside an invisible box.)
Is sneaking out of a really boring meeting while wearing tap shoes a bad idea?: (Cuts to a boring meeting with tap shoes in the background, until the boss catches on.)
Does a rolling stone gather no moss?: (Cuts to the sound of a boulder rolling through various things until it crashes to a stop, with McGlone then saying, "No moss – you're gonna have to trust me on this one.")
Do only dogs hear dog whistles?: (Cuts to the sound of someone breathing in, then blowing in a dog whistle a few times, before being interrupted by several barking dogs.)
If a tree falls in the forest and no one is around, does it make a noise?: (Cuts to the sound of a tree falling and crashing, with McGlone then saying, "Yep.")
Is texting getting way out of hand?: (McGlone then begins to elaborate, but is interrupted and distracted by several incoming texts, ultimately responding to one message with "LOL, UR my BFF.")

text: Short Stories and Tall Tales[edit]

text: Starting in 2010, there have been TV commercials in which a nursery rhyme, being read to the audience from an illustrated book entitled Short Stories and Tall Tales, turns into an ad for GEICO homeowner's and renters insurance:

text:
In one, the cow who jumped over the moon crashes down through someone's roof; luckily, the owner was insured with GEICO.
In another, Jack Be Nimble accidentally knocked over a candlestick onto the shagged carpeting and insured with GEICO because of his flaming pants, his new pants are bought from Banana Republic.
In another, Baa Baa Black Sheep got three bags of wool taken and insured GEICO, but the hooligan down the lane is caught, selling the stolen goods online.
In another, the Itsy Bitsy Spider's home is flooded as a result of a clogged downspout, and his mattress is ruined; thanks to GEICO, he now has a "Sleep Number" bed. His sleep number is 25.
Little Jack Horner sat in a corner on a department and insured GEICO with renters insurance, it turns out Little Jack Horner got his stomach pumped because of eating a 6-month-old Christmas pie.
Little Bo Peep accidentally broke into her apartment and got her sheep stolen.
A burglar breaks into Little Miss Muffet's house and steals her tuffets, which were fortunately insured. The burglar was later caught, given away by a whey stain.
Goldilocks breaks into the home of the Three Bears, eats some porridge, breaks a chair, and steals their laptop. Thanks to GEICO insurance, the Bears are able to replace their things, including a new chair from Crate & Barrel.
After his straw house is blown away by the Big Bad Wolf, the Little Pig is able to build a more elaborate straw house thanks to GEICO homeowner's insurance. The Wolf then gets a job blowing at a wind farm.
Hansel and Gretel broke outside the Gingerbread house and ate the whole roof, then GEICO Homeowners Insurance gets the roof covered for the witch. Hansel and Gretel are sent through the candy cane forest.
An old woman who lived in a shoe buys groceries when burglars broke into her shoe and avoids stolen things with juice press for GEICO Homeowners Insurance, then gets a job for the Mountain Bike Juice Delivery Service.
Mary and her lamb turned out her dress is ruined by an electrical fire and takes a hobby at Bloomingdale's for her new dress and exclusively for little lambs after using GEICO Renters Insurance.
Jack and Jill are about to fetch water from a well until an overflowing kitchen sink sprung a leak, and they use GEICO Homeowners Insurance, and they went to fetch lattes and almond milk instead of just water.

text: Xtranormal[edit]

text: Near the end of 2010, a new advertising campaign began made up of amateurish computer animated advertisements, supposedly made in 15 minutes, created with the computer software program Xtranormal.[19]

text: "Easier Way to Save"[edit]

text: Starting in the summer of 2011, a new series of advertising involved people discovering unusual ways to save money.

text: Television[edit]

text:
A couple teaching their 6-year-old son how to dunk a basketball in order to help him get a scholarship, with him getting stuck on the basket.
A dog and a cockatoo playing A-Ha's "Take on Me" because their owner can't afford to keep downloading music.
A sea captain living as a roommate, rehearsing "Major-General's Song."
A woman turning her daughter's pet fish into her husband's meal.
Robots hired in a daycare center because they "work for free".
Three guinea pigs rowing their boat to produce electricity for their owner's computer.
A couple adopting a black rescue panther who can protect their house.
A man singing a personal ad to the tune of Bonnie Tyler's "Total Eclipse of the Heart" because dating websites cost too much money.
Three middle school girls criticize on what the man is eating, only to watch his weight.
A family forming their own theme park.
Boy Scouts using paintball guns to decorate a couple's living room.
A man adopting a pet possum for his kids, as a cheaper alternative to a puppy.

text: Radio commercials[edit]

text:
A man who tries to cut his wife's hair, while she sleeps, instead of going to the hairstylist.
A man who can only rely on toll-free numbers.
A man consolidating his 5 daughters' weddings into one day.
A woman carpooling with her daughter's school bus.
An umpire who cannot pay for his contacts, using the lost pair of eyeglasses he found.
A man turning his bathroom shower into an amusement attraction, instead of taking his family to an amusement park.
A man using carrier pigeons to send letters because of the high cost of postage stamps.
A man who can't spend money on the Internet for his home, thus using his neighbor's unprotected connection.
A woman who is dreaming of being in Machu Picchu because she cannot buy airline tickets.

text: "Brighter side"[edit]

text: This campaign shows two people in a sticky situation. One of them is not as worried as the other, explaining "I'm looking on the brighter side. I save over 15% on my car insurance by switching to GEICO." Commercials from this campaign include:

text:
A magician feels guilty for sawing his assistant in half.
A woman and her neighbor observe a fallen giant in the middle of her garden.
Two fisherman are being abducted by aliens and fear what the aliens are going to do with them.
Divers have been swallowed by a whale.

text: "Get Happy, Get GEICO"[edit]

text: From early-2012 to early 2013, GEICO had a family of commercials where bluegrass pickers named Ronnie (played by director/musician Alex Harvey) and Jimmy (played by actor/comedian Timothy Ryan Cole) talk about how happy saving money on insurance can make someone do certain things intended to be humorous:

text:
Happier than Gallagher at a Farmer's market: Gallagher runs amok at a farmer's market, smashing watermelons with a huge mallet and laughing maniacally.[20]
Happier than a Bodybuilder Directing Traffic: A smiling bodybuilder is standing in an intersection and directing traffic while striking poses.[21] This was the last commercial from the Get Happy, Get GEICO series to ever come on TV, having last aired on 19 March 2016.[22]
Happier than Christopher Columbus with Speedboats: Christopher Columbus is shown on a speeding motoboat, accompanied by two other boats, while a crew member looks seasick.[23]
Happier than Eddie Money running a travel agency: A family is shown sitting in front of a desk in an office. An excited Eddie Money is then shown behind the desk holding airline tickets, where he begins singing (a cappella), "Two Tickets to Paradise" while the family appears increasingly annoyed.[24]
Happier than a Witch at a Broom Factory: A witch is seen flying around on a broom inside of a broom factory. She lands and demands another broom from one of the employees and begins flying again, laughing and having fun.[25]
Happier than a Slinky on an Escalator: A Slinky is seen stepping backwards on an up escalator. While the Slinky goes backwards, others try to avoid it as they go to work and the slinky says "This is Awesome!"[26]
Happier than an Antelope with Nightvision Goggles: Two antelopes are seen watching a lion through nightvision goggles. The two are secretly laughing at the lion and his poor stealth skills (they incorrectly and sarcastically label the lion as "king of the jungle" – the correct term is "king of beasts").[27]
Happier than Dikembe Mutombo Blocking a Shot: Dikembe Mutombo appears blocking various things that people throw, such as a crumpled piece of paper, a pile of laundry, and a box of cereal. The GEICO Logo then appears and Mutombo knocks off the "G". It's "EICO" now.[28]
Happier than Paul Revere with a Cell phone: Paul Revere who is inside a home in Concord, Massachusetts, notices a bell ringing from a church. As he looks out the window, he calls on his cell phone and warns that the British are coming. Afterwards, he returns to his guests and plays charades.[29]
Happier than Dracula Volunteering at a Blood Drive: At a blood drive, Dracula Actor Frankie Ray asks a man his blood type and what he ate today. The man replies either A or B positive and that he ate Lebanese food. Dracula says that he loves the Lebanese. He then excitedly decides to skip the formalities and "get started". He is then seen following the man out at the end.[30]
Happier than the Pillsbury Doughboy on his way to a Baking Convention: At an airport, the Pillsbury Doughboy is going through airport security, but every time the security guard tries to pat him down, he is easily tickled. He promises to hold it together, but keeps failing. Once he gets on his way, the Doughboy sings along as Ronny and Jimmy continue playing the guitar.[31]
Happier than a Camel on Wednesday/Hump Day[32]: At an office, a camel asks workers what day it is. A woman (originally named Leslie) tells him that it is Hump day. The camel whoops with excitement.[33] This commercial soon received over 22 million views on YouTube and inspired a popular Internet meme. The camel appeared in the pregame show of Super Bowl XLVIII where he was named Caleb. Caleb also appeared with the Gecko in a crossover ad with M&M's.[34]

text: Museum of Modern Insurance[edit]

text: This campaign involves paintings in a museum encouraging their fellow paintings to switch to GEICO.

text:
A mountain climber in an "ACHIEVEMENT" motivational picture feels accomplished for climbing the mountain. The cat in the painting beneath says he saved hundreds on car insurance with GEICO, and draws a question mark next to "ACHIEVEMENT".
An excited cat tells a mouse on a teeter-totter that he saved a bunch on car insurance with GEICO, and that they should celebrate. The mouse thinks this is a bad idea. The cat launches the mouse into the air and prepares to eat him, but is beaten to it by an eagle in the motivational picture above.
A teacher asks his student to fill in the blank: "Fifteen Minutes could save you [blank] on car insurance." The student answers 9%, which the teacher says is incorrect and asks his pterodactyls, Steve and Rick, to "go to work," to which the student replies "Not again!".
A painting of Washington crossing the Delaware River notices a cat in front of them, and proceeds to ask the cat to get out of the way, claiming he doesn't want her to scratch the vessel, "for [he is] drifting, uninsured." She tells him that he needs to get insured right "meow," via calling GEICO. Her torso then falls off the painting to reveal a phone keypad, and one of the rowers pushes the buttons with his oar.
Dogs player poker ask for their friend called Rudy/Mr.Tickles, who is in a photo of him and his owner. The owner saved so much money by switching to GEICO that he wanted a photo to commemorate the occasion.
Uncle Sam talks to a family of people wearing "mom jeans".
A little girl asks her mother where babies come from, and in return the mother asks if her daughter knew that GEICO was saving people money for over 75 years. The mother then shouts "DINNER!" before the daughter can ask her question again.
Two 1980s valley girls fall for a band student whose grandparents have been saving money with GEICO for more than 75 years. The photo for the band student is the same photo used for the meme "PTSD Clarinet Boy".

text: "Did You Know?"[edit]

text: From mid-June 2013 to late 2014, a family of TV ads came on where one person reads a GEICO ad, which has the well-known tagline (often with the Gecko in it as well) and a second person says "Everybody knows that." to which the first person says, "Well, did you know ..." followed by an amusing (and fictional) "fact" which is then illustrated in a cutaway scene.[35] Prior to Did You Know Pinocchio Was a Bad Motivational Speaker?, the closing line was temporarily changed to "GEICO: 15 minutes could save you... well, you know."

text:
Did You Know That Some Owls Aren't That Wise?: A female owl is talking to her owl husband about having lunch with her co-worker Meghan, and the husband owl constantly responds "Who?"[36]
Did You Know Old MacDonald Was a Really Bad Speller?: Old MacDonald is a contestant in a spelling bee, and is asked to spell "cow". He spells it "C-O-W, E-I-E-I-O." The buzzer goes off, indicating that he's wrong, and he exclaims, "Dangnabbit" and exits the stage, exasperated (the "Dangnabbit" line would since then evolve into a viral quote).[37]
Did you know the Ancient Pyramids were actually a mistake?: An overseer is monitoring the construction of the Pyramids when he looks at the blueprints and sees that they were supposed to be cubes. He then says, "Uh-oh."[38]
Did you know that when a tree falls in the forest and no one is around, it does make a sound?: An anthropomorphized tree starts to tip, leading the tree to start shouting that it's going to fall. As it falls, the tree screams until it hits the ground. The tree then asks, "A little help?"[39]
Did You Know That Houdini Couldn't Escape from Everything?: Houdini comes up with something stuck in between his fingers and can't escape from them. He says to his mom, "Help, you gotta get me out of this!"[40]
Did You Know There Is an Oldest Trick in the Book?: In the Medieval era, an old man reads to a young apprentice from a large book: "Trick Number One ... Lookest over there." The apprentice looks in the direction indicated, and the old man says, "Ha-ha! Made-est thou look. So end-eth the trick."[41]
Did You Know Auctioneers Make Bad Grocery store Clerks?: A cashier in a grocery store tells a customer what the total of her purchase is, then starts rapidly "auctioning" it, taking bids from the woman and the man in line behind her.[42]
Did You Know Pinocchio Was a Bad Motivational Speaker?: A life-size Pinocchio gives a speech about noticing untapped potential. He points to a select few saying, "You have potential", but his nose grows every time, shocking the audience and indicating that he was lying.[43] An extended version of this commercial was posted on YouTube. In it, Pinocchio begins feeling stressed out from his book failing, ultimately he decides to write a new book.
Did You Know Bad News Doesn't Always Travel Fast?: A boss, personified as a snail, fires one of his employees, Todd. He then says, "Well, gotta run", and slowly crawls away.[44]
Did You Know Game Show Hosts Should Only Host Game Shows?: A game show host delivers the wedding vows at a wedding, but he asks the bride if she takes her husband or a new sports car, at which point the camera cuts to the car being given away as a prize. She dumps her husband for the car right there at the altar.[45]
Did You Know Playing Cards with Kenny Rogers Gets Old Pretty Fast?: Rogers plays poker while singing the lyrics from "The Gambler", which annoys the others.[46] This was the last commercial from the Did You Know? series to ever be played on TV, having last aired on 30 November 2015.[47]
Did You Know Words Really Can Hurt You?: A cowboy breaks up with his girlfriend, and rides off into the sunset, but when the words "The End" appear, he crashes into the "E" in "End" and is knocked off his horse.[48]
Did You Know the Great Wall of China Wasn't Always So Great?: An army of Mongols ride up to a fence-sized Wall of China. After a few moments of contemplation, they simply step over it and proceed on their way.[49]
Did You Know Former Pro Football Player Ickey Woods Will Celebrate Almost Anything?: Woods is seen at a deli counter and does his touchdown dance, the Ickey Shuffle, and yells out, "Gonna get some cold cuts today!" when his number 44 is called.[50]
Did You Know Certain Cartoon Characters Should Never Have an Energy Drink?: A commercial for an energy drink is being filmed, starring the Tasmanian Devil; after drinking the product, he spins out of control and leaves the set. The GEICO ad appears to be over as an entirely different commercial in another room advertises the "Birds of America collection" (50 state bird hand-painted china plate collection). It is then promptly given a "bull in a china shop" treatment when Taz bursts through the wall from the other commercial and demolishes the plates and displays.[51]
Did You Know Genies Can Be Really Literal?: A man finds a genie in a lamp and wishes for "a million bucks", clearly meaning "$1 million". The genie proceeds to grant him a million male deers.[52] This bit was extended into a web series.

text: "It's what you do"[edit]

text: From late 2014 to 2017, a family of commercials featured people doing irrelevant or weird actions, while in the end the long-time endboard narrator says, "If (you're) [. . .], you [. . .]. It's what you do. If you want to save 15% or more on car insurance, you switch to GEICO. It's what you do." When the ads appear in a movie theater before the previews start, the second line would be replaced with, "If you're in the movie theater, you silence your cell phone. It's what you do."

text:
If You're in a Horror Movie, You Make Poor Decisions: Four teenagers representing characters in a generic horror movie are running from a madman near an eerie farmhouse. They argue about whether to hide in the basement or the attic of the house, and when one girl suggests they get into the conveniently running car just behind them, the others call her crazy. Someone else suggests they go into the barn filled with chainsaws, and as they hide there the madman lurking behind them takes off his mask and shakes his head at their stupidity. The advertisement ends with the teenagers running from the madman toward the cemetery.
If You're Salt-N-Pepa, You Tell People to Push It - Salt-N-Pepa sing "Push It" to various people, including a businessman at the entrance doors, a woman on an elevator, a pregnant woman practicing the Lamaze technique, football players pushing against tackling dummies, and a man mowing his front lawn.
If You're a Camel, You Put Up with This All the Time - In reference to the viral "Hump Day" ad, a bunch of people at the zoo quote the ad to the camels, who are annoyed by it. One camel, named Phil, even complains that it is not even Wednesday.
If Something Goes Wrong, You Find a Scapegoat - At a peanut butter factory, the machines act haywire. The boss asks who is to blame, and a worker points to a goat named Rick, who then screams.
If You're a Free Range Chicken, You Roam Free: A chicken travels the world and texts selfie MMS's to its owners while "Ride Away" by Roy Orbison plays.
If You're a Cat, You Ignore People: A guy out in the desert falls into some quicksand, sees a cat and asks it for help, but the cat just stands there.
If You're Dora the Explorer, You Explore: A group of people struggle against harsh polar conditions to travel to the South Pole, but just as they're about to plant their flag to stake their claim, they find that Dora the Explorer and Boots are already there to greet them. The travelers walk away while Dora and Boots do a dance and say, "You did it! Yay!"
If You're a Fisherman, You Tell Tales: A fisherman exaggerates the day he caught a small fish.
If Your Boss Stops By, You Act Like You're Working: In medieval times, a group of armored knights led by an imposing leader enter a room lit only by torches. He's come to check on the progress of his men with their interrogation of a prisoner who is strapped to a large table. The two men sternly reply that the prisoner will tell them everything very shortly as they each hold a sharp, pointy weapon. As soon as the leader and his entourage take off, however, a bunch of other men emerge from their hiding spots and the group resumes their ping-pong match on the table. As it turns out, the prisoner is acting as their net and keeping score the entire time.
If You're the Guy from the Operation Game, You Get Operated On: A patient is rushed into an operating room; he's said to have several foreign objects in his body. The surgeon tries to remove one with tweezers, and a buzzer sounds. The patient turns out to be Cavity Sam.
If You're a Golf Commentator, You Whisper: Commentators are quietly describing the action during a golf tournament, when a kraken suddenly reaches out of the water hazard and grabs the golfer and some other people. The commentators continue to describe the scene, calmly and quietly.
If You're the Band Europe, You Love a Final Countdown: In a company break room, an employee cooks a burrito in a microwave oven; suddenly, the rock band Europe is in the room with him, singing "The Final Countdown" while the timer on the microwave counts down.
If You're Peter Pan, You Stay Young Forever: Peter flies in at a high school reunion that shows people who graduated in 1965 at their 50th class reunion.
If You're a Mom, You Call at the Worst Time – An action movie hero is saving the day when a call from his mother inconveniences him.
If You're a Couple, You Fight Over Directions – Tarzan and Jane are lost. Tarzan is confident about his way, but Jane asks Cheeta for directions.
If You Have Alligator Arms, You Avoid Picking up the Check – A group of people at a Chinese restaurant are given their bill, and a talking alligator suggests he take care of it, but he cannot reach it because of his tiny arms.
If You Sit on Your Phone, You Butt Dial People – A man is about to propose to his girlfriend, but her brother calls her. She answers, but it turns out to be a pocket dial from him at a sporting event.
If You're a Parrot, You Repeat Things – A parrot on a pirate's shoulder repeats everything the pirate said privately to everyone, causing the crew to mutiny against him. The parrot even repeats the voiceover's GEICO slogan "It's What You Do".
If You Want Someone to Leave You Alone, You Pretend Like You're Sleeping – Prince Charming attempts to awaken Sleeping Beauty from her slumber, but fails. After he leaves, Sleeping Beauty reveals she was faking just so she could catch up on her reality television.
If You Taste Something Bad, You Want Someone Else to Try It – Some talking raccoons are rummaging through the garbage, and one of them comes upon something foul and wants the others to taste it as well. This commercial appeared in the 2017 film The Dark Tower.
If You Walk the Walk, You Talk the Talk – A western sheriff confronts the villains and tells them to vamoose, and speaks his every move every time he walks.
If You're a Stuntman, You Cheat Death – A stunt man and the Grim Reaper compete in a 10K, but neither play fair.
If You're Boyz II Men, You'd Make Anything Sound Good – At a pharmacy, the Grammy-winning R&B group sing the possible side effects of a drug.
If You're a Ref, You Way Over-explain Things – A referee yells his order to a waiter at a restaurant.

text: "Unskippable" freeze frames[edit]

text: Debuted in 2015, these ads employ a satire of the technique of frame freezing, by showing live actors attempting to mimic a freeze-frame, often in awkward positions and sometimes assisted by intentionally visible stunt tools, such as suspension cords when paused in mid-air. The premise is that when viewing ads on sites like YouTube, usually a viewer cannot skip the ad until 5 seconds in then the commercial announcer saying "You can't skip this GEICO ad because it's already over" then the commercial announcer saying the GEICO slogan. If a user watches the entire video, events turn disastrous.

text:
Family: At the dinner table, a mother tells her family that they can "thank the savings". During the freeze-frame, the family dog starts eating from the father's plate.
High Five: Two friends celebrate saving money by performing a jumping high-five. During the freeze-frame, the stunt wires become visible and one of the actors' feet catches fire.
Cleaning Crew: A janitor mishears a businessman saying "savings". He loses control of the vacuum cleaner which runs over the cord and causes the electricity to short out.
Elevator: Two businessmen shake hands in an elevator. A woman enters the elevator asking to get off at the second floor, but the men are in a freeze-frame so she must press the button herself.

text:
Preceded by
The Epic Split feat. Jean-Claude Van Damme and Sorry, I Spent It on Myself
Cannes Lions Film Grand Prix Winner
2015
Succeeded by
Love freebies? Get them legally aka Shoplifters

text: Fast Forward[edit]

text: Debuted in 2016, these ads show the beginning portion of a 45–90-second ad before a blue screen disclaimer appears telling the viewers that the ad is being fast forward to the end portion so that they can get to their video faster. If an extended version of the ad or just the regular 15-second ad is shown on sites like YouTube, the viewer is usually welcome to skip the ad when 5 seconds have been used.

text:
Forest: In the lodge in the forest, two brothers were sawing a log when they were talking about savings from GEICO until a disclaimer appears skipping to one of the brothers hugging a bear thinking that "he's my brother".
Hike: Two hikers were walking a mountain telling that GEICO has been around for a very long time until a disclaimer appears skipping to the hikers being taken by an eagle while one of them holds a saxophone claiming that "not everyone likes smooth jazz!"
Lake: Two fishermen were talking in the canoe in the lake talking about 24/7 claims from GEICO until a disclaimer appears skipping to the fishermen being hung as plaques in a fish's house calling each other "gullible".
Going up: Almost similar to the "Unskippable" version of "Elevator", two women and a man discuss about their savings from GEICO until a disclaimer appears skipping two bald women coming out from the elevator leaving the man behind and declaring that they are "taking the stairs" next time.

text: Surprising[edit]

text: Debuted in 2016, these ads depict celebrities or historical figures in outlandish situations.

text: TV[edit]

text:
Playing Marco Polo with Marco Polo: Two kids play Marco Polo in their pool to the confusion of the historical Marco Polo, who eventually joins them in playing.
Ice-T at a Lemonade Stand: The famous American rapper runs a lemonade stand with two young boys but gets frustrated when customers repeatedly ask "Is that Ice T (iced tea) and yells that it's lemonade.
A Sumo Wrestler Figure skating: A Sumo Wrestler skates around and does some silly moves, including his signature "Flying Dutchman" only to get an applause from the crowd.
Tiki Barber Running a Barber Shop: Another barber says football plays before giving a buzzer to Tiki Barber, who sprints to each client and shaves a large part of their hair off. Once Tiki is done, he starts to celebrate and a person waiting leaves when he asks "Who's next?"
Ordering a Getaway Car with an App: A group of robbers escape with valuables but get upset when they find out their getaway car they ordered on a rideshare app is late. One remains optimistic and comments on how the driver's name, Randy, is trustworthy, but when the car comes, the police catch up to them.
Caesar on a Caesar Salad: A man portraying as Julius Caesar stands on top of a Caesar salad on the table in a restaurant.
Runway models on a runway: A group of notorious models delay a flight to hold a fashion show on an airport runway.
The Running of the Bulldogs: A runner trips in the Running of the Bulls race and faces imminent danger from...bulldogs.
A Triangle solo: An orchestra is performing Bach's Brandenburg Concerto No. 3 in G major, when the trianglist begins stealing the spotlight. (Side note: None of the Brandenburg Concertos call for a triangle.)
Casual Fridays at Buckingham Palace - A British royal guard slacker takes the place of a formal royal guard.
Randy Jackson Judging a Dog Show - The ex-American Idol judge gives his trademark critiques to a dog show.
Washington Crossing the Delaware Turnpike - The general holds up traffic by having his men drag his boat across the turnpike.
Manatees in Novelty Tees - A family at an aquarium visits the manatee exhibit, and sees that all the manatees are wearing T-shirts with slogans on them like "Come at Me, Bro" and "I'm with Stupid".

text: Radio[edit]

text: A Computer with a Virus: A computer suddenly comes down with a (literal) virus, admitting he ate

text: spoiled Oysters Rockefeller.

text:
A Really Charming Snake Charmer:
A Fortune Bank Teller: A man goes to the bank, but the teller is a gypsy woman who tells him his future.
Supermarket Beatboxing: A bored supermarket employee, told cleanup is needed in one of the aisles, begins beatboxing the announcement, and then continues the beatboxing with various other announcements (such as informing shoppers of a parked minivan with its headlights on). The spot won the Westwood One Sports Sounds Awards Media Choice Award for best commercial heard during the radio network's coverage of Super Bowl LII. [53]
The Wicked Witch of the West on the Water Slide:
An Emotional Rollercoaster:

text: Great Answer[edit]

text: These ads show a person seemingly in trouble, until they state that switching to GEICO could save you money on car insurance; at which point this unrelated answer is accepted as a great answer.

text:
Courtroom: A defendant in court is accused of robbing a safe. The prosecution has fingerprint evidence, photo evidence, and even a Twitter post using #JustRobbedTheSafe. The defendant's response is to tell everyone that switching to GEICO could save them money on car insurance, at which point he is dismissed.
Undercover: An undercover agent, wearing a disguise, is caught. When forced to explain himself, he says that you can save money on car insurance, at which point the people he was spying on let him go.
Meteor: After it is discovered that a meteor is heading toward earth, one of the people in the room tells everybody that switching to GEICO could save them money.
Adrift and Hungry: There are three men in a lifeboat, starving when one of them notices cheese on one of the men's beard. The man simply mentions that switching to GEICO could save them money. At the end, a fish jumps into their raft and they fight over it.
He-Man vs. Skeletor: He-Man and his posse are about to defeat Skeletor, until Skeletor tells them they should switch to GEICO and makes his escape.

text: Radio[edit]

text:
Painting: A man is showing a woman his new painting and asks for her opinion. Instead, she tells him that switching to GEICO could save money on car insurance.
Call-in Show: A woman is hosting a talk radio show, until the guy she once dated calls in asking why she never called back, so she says switching to GEICO could save hundreds on car insurance.
Trivia Contest: The question being asked is "What color is the White House?" When the contestant does not know the answer to this simple question, he says that switching to GEICO could save money on car insurance.
Love Advice:

text: Take a Closer Look[edit]

text: Since late 2016, a series of TV ads shows two people talking about GEICO, and one of them saying he/she should "take a closer look" at it; the camera then focuses on an inanimate object or animal in the background, which starts talking about the insurance company.

text: Plate: In this ad, painted figures on a decorative plate – a woman on a balcony and a man with a guitar in the garden below – talk about GEICO, and then the man plays music while the woman goes back inside.

text: Cuckoo clock: In this ad, moving figures on a cuckoo clock talk about GEICO and also about the futility of their repetitive actions.[54]

text: RV: Three bumper stickers on the back of a recreational vehicle talk about GEICO, and the one shaped like a moose is shocked to learn that he's not a real moose.

text:
Pigeon: A group of pigeons on a telephone wire talk about GEICO saying they have umbrella coverage, which gets one pigeon to say a person below them will wish he had an umbrella and to "fire at will." He later becomes frustrated at how none of the other pigeons understand that "fire at will" is a saying.
Fleas: Two fleas (actually two humans in badly-made flea suits) play badminton on a golden retriever until a disagreement results in the loss of a shuttlecock.

text: You Had One Job[edit]

text: Since 2017 on ESPN, the VO's tagline: "You had one job, brought to you by GEICO" and referee Shaun Irving blows his whistle to do jobs right.

text: Expect more[edit]

text: Since 2017, there have been ads in which one person is talking to another person about switching to GEICO and during each cut, the one who switched to GEICO gets more stuff.

text:
Bro - Two "bros" working out in the gym, who keep using "bro-" words ("broheem", "Teddy Brosevelt", etc.), the one who switched to GEICO keeps gaining more muscles.
Sandcastle - Two dads are building sandcastles. Every time it cuts back to the dad who switched to GEICO, his sandcastle gets bigger and more elaborate until it becomes an actual sand-mansion complete with a sand-fountain and sand-butler.
Christmas lights - Two guys putting up Christmas lights discuss switching to GEICO, the one who switched to GEICO's house becomes more and more elaborate, to the point where it is seen from space.
Still-life drawing - At a painting class, a man and a woman discuss switching to GEICO, while the woman's drawing becomes more detailed, and at the end, even comes to life.

text: We Interrupt Your Life[edit]

text: Since 2018, the announcer proclaims interrupting your life for multiple GEICO ads at the end of each ad and proclaims "We interrupt this message to bring you our logo."

text: Count on GEICO[edit]

text: Since 2017, there has been a new campaign in which humorous situations are presented as spokesman Steve Tom says, "As long as [such and such], you can count on GEICO saving folk money."

text:
As Long As Sloths are Slow...: A three-toed sloth is playing Pictionary with a group of humans. Of course, he only draws a single line, due to his speed, leaving the contestants to guess random things.
As Long As People Misplace Their Keys...: A space captain is about to fight a huge battle, but he ends up not being able to find his keys.
As Long AS GPS Can Still Get You Lost...: Two Emperor penguins separate from the Great Penguin Migration and use an unreliable mapping app on their phone.
As Long As Hecklers Love to Heckle...: At a jousting tournament, an audience member makes fun of one of the competitors, much to the delight of everyone else in the audience.
As Long as People Talk Baby Talk to Dogs...: McGruff the Crime Dog wants to be taken seriously in a police precinct, but the others act very condescending towards him.
As Long as Evil Villains Reveal Their Plans...: Four villains were prepared for their demises, but first they do presentations on their plans.

text: A GEICO Commercial?[edit]

text: Since 2018, there has been a new campaign that breaks the fourth wall revealing the actors are actually in an advertisement for GEICO, as revealed by spokesman David Ebert.

text:
Weekend Gardening
Shopping Trip
Tea Time
Couple in the Park
Family Dinner
Vending Machine


document_title: List of countries by system of government

question_text: what type of government do we have in the united states today

root

text: List of countries[edit]

text: UN member states and observers[edit]

text:
Name
Constitutional form
Head of state
Basis of executive legitimacy

 Afghanistan
Republic
Executive
Presidency is independent of legislature

 Albania
Republic
Ceremonial
Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Algeria
Republic
Executive
Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Andorra
Constitutional monarchy
Ceremonial
Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Angola
Republic
Executive
Presidency is independent of legislature

 Antigua and Barbuda
Constitutional monarchy
Ceremonial
Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Argentina
Republic
Executive
Presidency is independent of legislature

 Armenia
Republic
Executive
Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Australia
Constitutional monarchy
Ceremonial
Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Austria
Republic
Ceremonial
Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Azerbaijan
Republic
Executive
Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Bahamas, The
Constitutional monarchy
Ceremonial
Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Bahrain
Constitutional monarchy
Executive
Monarch personally exercises power in concert with other institutions

 Bangladesh
Republic
Ceremonial
Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Barbados
Constitutional monarchy
Ceremonial
Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Belarus
Republic
Executive
Presidency is independent of legislature

 Belgium
Constitutional monarchy
Ceremonial
Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Belize
Constitutional monarchy
Ceremonial
Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Benin
Republic
Executive
Presidency is independent of legislature

 Bhutan
Constitutional monarchy
Executive
Monarch personally exercises power in concert with other institutions

 Bolivia
Republic
Executive
Presidency is independent of legislature

 Bosnia and Herzegovina
Republic
Ceremonial
Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Botswana
Republic
Executive
Presidency is elected by legislature; ministry may be, or not be, subject to parliamentary confidence

 Brazil
Republic
Executive
Presidency is independent of legislature

 Brunei
Absolute monarchy
Executive
All authority vested in absolute monarch

 Bulgaria
Republic
Ceremonial
Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Burkina Faso
Republic
Executive
Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Burundi
Republic
Executive
Presidency is independent of legislature

 Cambodia
Constitutional monarchy
Ceremonial
Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Cameroon
Republic
Executive
Presidency is independent of legislature

 Canada
Constitutional monarchy
Ceremonial
Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Cape Verde
Republic
Executive
Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Central African Republic
Republic
Executive
Presidency is independent of legislature

 Chad
Republic
Executive
Presidency is independent of legislature

 Chile
Republic
Executive
Presidency is independent of legislature

 China, People's Republic of
Republic
Executive
Power constitutionally linked to a single political movement

 Colombia
Republic
Executive
Presidency is independent of legislature

 Comoros
Republic
Executive
Presidency is independent of legislature

 Congo, Democratic Republic of the
Republic
Executive
Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Congo
Republic
Executive
Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Costa Rica
Republic
Executive
Presidency is independent of legislature

 Côte d'Ivoire
Republic
Executive
Presidency is independent of legislature

 Croatia
Republic
Ceremonial
Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Cuba
Republic
Executive
Power constitutionally linked to a single political movement

 Cyprus
Republic
Executive
Presidency is independent of legislature

 Czech Republic
Republic
Ceremonial
Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Denmark
Constitutional monarchy
Ceremonial
Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Djibouti
Republic
Executive
Presidency is independent of legislature

 Dominica
Republic
Ceremonial
Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Dominican Republic
Republic
Executive
Presidency is independent of legislature

 East Timor
Republic
Executive
Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Ecuador
Republic
Executive
Presidency is independent of legislature

 Egypt
Republic
Executive
Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 El Salvador
Republic
Executive
Presidency is independent of legislature

 Equatorial Guinea
Republic
Executive
Presidency is independent of legislature

 Eritrea
Republic
Executive
Power constitutionally linked to a single political movement

 Estonia
Republic
Ceremonial
Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Ethiopia
Republic
Ceremonial
Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Federated States of Micronesia
Republic
Executive
Presidency is elected by legislature; ministry may be, or not be, subject to parliamentary confidence

 Fiji
Republic
Ceremonial
Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Finland
Republic
Ceremonial
Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 France
Republic
Executive
Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Gabon
Republic
Executive
Presidency is independent of legislature

 Gambia, The
Republic
Executive
Presidency is independent of legislature

 Georgia
Republic
Executive
Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Germany
Republic
Ceremonial
Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Ghana
Republic
Executive
Presidency is independent of legislature

 Greece
Republic
Ceremonial
Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Grenada
Constitutional monarchy
Ceremonial
Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Guatemala
Republic
Executive
Presidency is independent of legislature

 Guinea
Republic
Executive
Presidency is independent of legislature

 Guinea-Bissau
Republic
Executive
Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Guyana
Republic
Executive
Presidency is independent of legislature

 Haiti
Republic
Executive
Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Honduras
Republic
Executive
Presidency is independent of legislature

 Hungary
Republic
Ceremonial
Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Iceland
Republic
Ceremonial
Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 India
Republic
Ceremonial
Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Indonesia
Republic
Executive
Presidency is independent of legislature

 Iran
Republic
Executive
Presidency is independent of legislature

 Iraq
Republic
Ceremonial
Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Ireland
Republic
Ceremonial
Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Israel
Republic
Ceremonial
Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Italy
Republic
Ceremonial
Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Jamaica
Constitutional monarchy
Ceremonial
Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Japan
Constitutional monarchy
Ceremonial
Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Jordan
Constitutional monarchy
Executive
Monarch personally exercises power in concert with other institutions

 Kazakhstan
Republic
Executive
Presidency is independent of legislature

 Kenya
Republic
Executive
Presidency is independent of legislature

 Kiribati
Republic
Executive
Presidency is elected by legislature; ministry may be, or not be, subject to parliamentary confidence

 Korea, North
Republic
Executive
Power constitutionally linked to a single political movement

 Korea, South
Republic
Executive
Presidency is independent of legislature

 Kuwait
Constitutional monarchy
Executive
Monarch personally exercises power in concert with other institutions

 Kyrgyzstan
Republic
Ceremonial
Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Laos
Republic
Executive
Power constitutionally linked to a single political movement

 Latvia
Republic
Ceremonial
Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Lebanon
Republic
Ceremonial
Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Lesotho
Constitutional monarchy
Ceremonial
Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Liberia
Republic
Executive
Presidency is independent of legislature

 Libya
n/a
n/a
No constitutionally-defined basis to current regime

 Liechtenstein
Constitutional monarchy
Executive
Monarch personally exercises power in concert with other institutions

 Lithuania
Republic
Executive
Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Luxembourg
Constitutional monarchy
Ceremonial
Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Macedonia
Republic
Ceremonial
Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Madagascar
Republic
Executive
Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Malawi
Republic
Executive
Presidency is independent of legislature

 Malaysia
Constitutional monarchy
Ceremonial
Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Maldives
Republic
Executive
Presidency is independent of legislature

 Mali
Republic
Executive
Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Malta
Republic
Ceremonial
Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Marshall Islands
Republic
Executive
Presidency is elected by legislature; ministry may be, or not be, subject to parliamentary confidence

 Mauritania
Republic
Executive
Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Mauritius
Republic
Ceremonial
Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Mexico
Republic
Executive
Presidency is independent of legislature

 Moldova
Republic
Ceremonial
Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Monaco
Constitutional monarchy
Executive
Monarch personally exercises power in concert with other institutions

 Mongolia
Republic
Executive
Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Montenegro
Republic
Ceremonial
Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Morocco
Constitutional monarchy
Executive
Monarch personally exercises power in concert with other institutions

 Mozambique
Republic
Executive
Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Myanmar
Republic
Executive
Presidency is elected by legislature; ministry may be, or not be, subject to parliamentary confidence

 Namibia
Republic
Executive
Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Nauru
Republic
Executive
Presidency is elected by legislature; ministry may be, or not be, subject to parliamentary confidence

   Nepal
Republic
Ceremonial
Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Netherlands
Constitutional monarchy
Ceremonial
Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 New Zealand
Constitutional monarchy
Ceremonial
Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Nicaragua
Republic
Executive
Presidency is independent of legislature

 Niger
Republic
Executive
Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Nigeria
Republic
Executive
Presidency is independent of legislature

 Norway
Constitutional monarchy
Ceremonial
Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Oman
Absolute monarchy
Executive
All authority vested in absolute monarch

 Pakistan
Republic
Ceremonial
Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Palau
Republic
Executive
Presidency is independent of legislature

 Palestine
Republic
Executive
Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Panama
Republic
Executive
Presidency is independent of legislature

 Papua New Guinea
Constitutional monarchy
Ceremonial
Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Paraguay
Republic
Executive
Presidency is independent of legislature

 Peru
Republic
Executive
Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Philippines
Republic
Executive
Presidency is independent of legislature

 Poland
Republic
Executive
Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Portugal
Republic
Executive
Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Qatar
Absolute monarchy
Executive
All authority vested in absolute monarch

 Romania
Republic
Executive
Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Russia
Republic
Executive
Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Rwanda
Republic
Executive
Presidency is independent of legislature

 Saint Kitts and Nevis
Constitutional monarchy
Ceremonial
Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Saint Lucia
Constitutional monarchy
Ceremonial
Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Constitutional monarchy
Ceremonial
Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Samoa
Constitutional monarchy
Ceremonial
Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 San Marino
Republic
Executive
Presidency is elected by legislature; ministry may be, or not be, subject to parliamentary confidence

 São Tomé and Príncipe
Republic
Executive
Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Saudi Arabia
Absolute monarchy
Executive
All authority vested in absolute monarch

 Senegal
Republic
Executive
Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Serbia
Republic
Ceremonial
Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Seychelles
Republic
Executive
Presidency is independent of legislature

 Sierra Leone
Republic
Executive
Presidency is independent of legislature

 Singapore
Republic
Ceremonial
Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Slovakia
Republic
Ceremonial
Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Slovenia
Republic
Ceremonial
Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Solomon Islands
Constitutional monarchy
Ceremonial
Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Somalia
Republic
Ceremonial
Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 South Africa
Republic
Executive
Presidency is elected by legislature; ministry may be, or not be, subject to parliamentary confidence

 South Sudan
Republic
Executive
Presidency is independent of legislature

 Spain
Constitutional monarchy
Ceremonial
Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Sri Lanka
Republic
Executive
Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Sudan
Republic
Executive
Presidency is independent of legislature

 Suriname
Republic
Executive
Presidency is elected by legislature; ministry may be, or not be, subject to parliamentary confidence

 Swaziland
Absolute monarchy
Executive
All authority vested in absolute monarch

 Sweden
Constitutional monarchy
Ceremonial
Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

  Switzerland
Republic
Executive
Presidency is elected by legislature; ministry may be, or not be, subject to parliamentary confidence

 Syria
Republic
Executive
Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Tajikistan
Republic
Executive
Presidency is independent of legislature

 Tanzania
Republic
Executive
Presidency is independent of legislature

 Thailand
n/a
n/a
No constitutionally-defined basis to current regime

 Togo
Republic
Executive
Presidency is independent of legislature

 Tonga
Constitutional monarchy
Executive
Monarch personally exercises power in concert with other institutions

 Trinidad and Tobago
Republic
Ceremonial
Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Tunisia
Republic
Executive
Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Turkey
Republic
Ceremonial
Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Turkmenistan
Republic
Executive
Presidency is independent of legislature

 Tuvalu
Constitutional monarchy
Ceremonial
Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Uganda
Republic
Executive
Presidency is independent of legislature

 Ukraine
Republic
Executive
Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 United Arab Emirates
Absolute monarchy
Executive
All authority vested in absolute monarch

 United Kingdom
Constitutional monarchy
Ceremonial
Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 United States
Republic
Executive
Presidency is independent of legislature

 Uruguay
Republic
Executive
Presidency is independent of legislature

 Uzbekistan
Republic
Executive
Presidency is independent of legislature

 Vanuatu
Republic
Ceremonial
Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

  Vatican City
Absolute monarchy
Executive
All authority vested in absolute monarch

 Venezuela
Republic
Executive
Presidency is independent of legislature

 Vietnam
Republic
Executive
Power constitutionally linked to a single political movement

 Yemen
n/a
n/a
No constitutionally-defined basis to current regime

 Zambia
Republic
Executive
Presidency is independent of legislature

 Zimbabwe
Republic
Executive
Presidency is independent of legislature

tag: table

text: Note that Afghanistan, Iran, Pakistan, and Mauritania are Islamic Republics.

tag: p

text: Unrecognized states[edit]

text: The following states control their territory and are recognized by at least one UN member state.

text:
Name
Constitutional form
Head of state
Basis of executive legitimacy

 Abkhazia
Republic
Executive
Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 China, Republic of
Republic
Executive
Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Cook Islands
Constitutional monarchy
Ceremonial
Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Kosovo
Republic
Ceremonial
Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Niue
Constitutional monarchy
Ceremonial
Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Northern Cyprus
Republic
Executive
Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

 Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
Republic
Executive
Power constitutionally linked to a single political movement

 South Ossetia
Republic
Executive
Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

text: The following states/governments control their territory, but are not recognised by any UN member states.

text:
Name
Constitutional form
Head of state
Basis of executive legitimacy

 Artsakh
Republic
Executive
Presidency is independent of legislature

 Somaliland
Republic
Executive
Presidency is independent of legislature

 Transnistria
Republic
Executive
Presidency independent of legislature; ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence

text: Map[edit]

text: Legend[edit]

text:
Presidential republics with a full presidential system

  Presidential republics with a semi-presidential system

  Parliamentary republics with an executive presidency dependent on the legislature

  Parliamentary republics with a ceremonial/non-executive president, where a separate head of government leads the executive

  Constitutional monarchy with a ceremonial monarch, where a separate head of government leads the executive

  Constitutional monarchy which have with a separate head of government, but where royalty still hold significant executive and/or legislative power

  Absolute monarchy

  Countries where the dominant role of political party is codified in the constitution

  Countries in which constitutional provisions for government have been suspended (e.g. military dictatorship)

  Countries which do not fit any of the above systems (e.g. transitional government or unclear political situations)

  No government

tag: ul

text: Note: this chart represent de jure systems of government, not the de facto degree of democracy. Several states constitutionally republics, broadly appear as authoritarian states.

text: Systems of governance[edit]

text: Italics indicate states with limited recognition.

text: Presidential/Separated republics[edit]

text: These are systems in which a president is the active head of the executive branch of government and is elected and remains in office independently of the legislature. The following list includes democratic and non-democratic states:

text: Full presidential systems[edit]

text: In full presidential systems, the president is both head of state and head of government. There is generally no prime minister, although if one exists, in most cases, he or she serves purely at the discretion of the president (with the exceptions being Belarus and Kazakhstan, where the prime minister is effectively the head of government).[1][2]

text: Presidential systems[edit]

text:
Afghanistan
 Angola
 Argentina
 Artsakh
 Bolivia
 Brazil
 Burundi
 Chile
 Colombia
 Comoros
 Costa Rica

 Cyprus
 Dominican Republic
 Ecuador
 El Salvador
 Gambia, The
 Ghana
 Guatemala
 Honduras
 Indonesia
 Kenya

 Liberia
 Malawi
 Maldives
 Mexico
 Nicaragua
 Nigeria
 Palau
 Panama
 Paraguay
 Philippines

 Seychelles
 Sierra Leone
 Somaliland
 South Sudan
 Turkmenistan
 United States
 Uruguay
 Venezuela
 Zambia
 Zimbabwe

text: Presidential systems with a prime minister[edit]

text:
Belarus
 Benin
 Cameroon
 Central African Republic
 Chad

 Djibouti
 Gabon
 Guinea
 Equatorial Guinea
 Guyana

 Ivory Coast
 Kazakhstan[2]
 Korea, South
 Rwanda
 Sudan

 Tajikistan
 Tanzania
 Togo
 Uganda
 Uzbekistan

text: Semi-presidential systems[edit]

text: In semi-presidential systems, there is always both a president and a prime minister. In such systems, the president has genuine executive authority, unlike in a parliamentary republic, but the role of a head of government may be exercised by the prime minister.

text: President-parliamentary systems

text:
Abkhazia
 Azerbaijan
 Congo
 Guinea-Bissau
 Mauritania

 Mozambique
 Namibia
 Palestine
 Peru
 Russia

 Senegal
 South Ossetia
 Syria
 Taiwan (Republic of China)
 Transnistria

text: Premier-presidential systems

text:
Algeria
 Armenia
 Burkina Faso
 Cape Verde
 Congo, Democratic Republic
 East Timor
 Egypt
 France

 Georgia
 Haiti
 Lithuania
 Madagascar
 Mali
 Mongolia
 Niger
 Northern Cyprus

 Poland
 Portugal
 Romania
 São Tomé and Príncipe
 Sri Lanka
 Tunisia
 Ukraine

text: Parliamentary republics[edit]

text: A parliamentary republic is a system in which a prime minister is the active head of the executive branch of government and also leader of the legislature. The president's degree of executive power may range from being reasonably significant to little (e.g. India), to only having certain limited reserve powers (e.g. Ireland) or none at all. Where the president holds little executive power, his or her function is primarily that of a symbolic figurehead.

text:
Albania
 Austria
 Bangladesh[3]
 Bosnia and Herzegovina[4]
 Bulgaria
 Croatia
 Czech Republic
 Dominica
 Estonia
 Ethiopia
 Fiji

 Finland[5]
 Germany
 Greece
 Hungary
 Iceland
 India
 Iraq
 Ireland
 Israel
 Italy

 Kosovo
 Kyrgyzstan
 Latvia
 Lebanon
 Macedonia
 Malta
 Mauritius
 Moldova
 Montenegro
   Nepal

 Pakistan
 Serbia
 Singapore
 Slovakia
 Slovenia
 Somalia
 Trinidad and Tobago
 Turkey
 Vanuatu

text: Mixed republican systems[edit]

text: A combined head of state and government is elected by the legislature, however they are not subject to parliamentary confidence during their term (although their cabinet may be); the exceptions are South Africa, where the president may be forced to resign by the Parliament's will,[6] and Kiribati, where the president is popularly elected and a successful parliamentary motion of no confidence automatically triggers a new presidential election.

text:
Botswana[7]
 Marshall Islands[7]
 Federated States of Micronesia[8]
 Kiribati

 Myanmar[8]
 Nauru[7]
 San Marino[9]

 South Africa
 Suriname[8]
  Switzerland[8][10]

text: Directorial systems[edit]

text: In the directorial system a council jointly exercises both state functions and governmental powers (the council is the collective head of state and government). The council is elected by the parliament, but it is not subject to political confidence during its term which has a fixed duration.

text:
San Marino[11]
  Switzerland[8][10]

text: Constitutional monarchies[edit]

text: These are systems in which the head of state is a constitutional monarch; the existence of their office and their ability to exercise their authority is established and restrained or held back by constitutional law.

text: Constitutional monarchies with ceremonial monarchs[edit]

text: Systems in which a prime minister is the active head of the executive branch of government. In some cases the prime minister is also leader of the legislature, in other cases the executive branch is clearly separated from legislature although the entire cabinet or individual ministers must step down in the case of a vote of no confidence.[12][13][dubious – discuss] The head of state is a constitutional monarch who normally only exercises his or her powers with the consent of the government, the people or their representatives.

text:
Andorra[14]
 Antigua and Barbuda[15]
 Australia[15]
 Bahamas[15]
 Barbados[15]
 Belgium
 Belize[15]
 Cambodia
 Canada[15]
 Cook Islands[15][16]
 Denmark

 Grenada[15]
 Jamaica[15]
 Japan
 Lesotho
 Luxembourg
 Malaysia
 Netherlands
 New Zealand[15]
 Niue[15][16]
 Norway

 Papua New Guinea[15]
 Saint Kitts and Nevis[15]
 Saint Lucia[15]
 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines[15]
 Samoa
 Solomon Islands[15]
 Spain
 Sweden
 Tuvalu[15]
 United Kingdom[15]

text: Constitutional monarchies with active monarchs[edit]

text: The prime minister is the nation's active executive, but the monarch still has considerable political powers that can be used at their own discretion.

text:
Bhutan
 Jordan

 Kuwait
 Liechtenstein

 Monaco
 Morocco

 Tonga
 Thailand

text: Presidential constitutional monarchies[edit]

text: The monarch is the nation's active executive, though the exercise of his power is subject to a Constitution.

text: Bahrain

text: Absolute monarchies[edit]

text: Specifically, monarchies in which the monarch's exercise of power is unconstrained by any substantive constitutional law.

text:
Brunei
 Oman
 Qatar
 Saudi Arabia

 Swaziland
 United Arab Emirates[17]
  Vatican City[18]

text: Theocracies[edit]

text: States based on a state religion where the head of state is selected by some form of religious hierarchy.

text:
Andorra[19]
 Iran[20]
  Vatican City[18]

text: One-party states[edit]

text: States in which political power is by law concentrated within one political party whose operations are largely fused with the government hierarchy (as opposed to states where the law establishes a multi-party system but this fusion is not achieved anyway through electoral fraud or simple inertia). However, some do have elected governments.

text:
China, People's Republic of (Communist Party leads the United Front) (list)
 Cuba (Communist Party) (list)
 Eritrea (People's Front for Democracy and Justice) (list)
 Korea, North (Workers' Party leads the Democratic Front) (list)

 Laos (People's Revolutionary Party leads the Front for National Construction) (list)
 Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (Polisario Front) (Politics of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic)
 Vietnam (Communist Party leads the Fatherland Front) (list)

text: Military junta states[edit]

text: The nation's military control the organs of government and all high-ranking political executives are also members of the military hierarchy.

text: Thailand (constitutional monarchy)

text: Transitional[edit]

text: States which have a system of government which is in transition or turmoil and are classified with the current direction of change.

text:
Burkina Faso (semi-presidential system)
 Egypt (semi-presidential system)
 Eritrea (presidential system)
 Libya (provisional government)
 Yemen (provisional government)

text: Systems of internal governance[edit]

text: Federal[edit]

text: States in which the federal government shares power with semi-independent regional governments. The central government may or may not be (in theory) a creation of the regional governments.

text:
Argentina (23 provinces and one autonomous city: Buenos Aires)
 Australia (six states and three territories)
 Austria (nine states)
 Belgium (three regions and three linguistic communities)
 Bosnia and Herzegovina (two entities and one district)
 Brazil (26 states and the Federal District)
 Canada (ten provinces and three territories)
 Comoros (Anjouan, Grande Comore, Mohéli)

 Ethiopia (nine regions and two chartered cities)
 Germany (16 states)
 India (29 states and seven union territories)
 Iraq (18 governorates and one region: Kurdistan)
 Malaysia (13 states and three federal territories)
 Mexico (31 states and one federal district: Mexico City)
 Federated States of Micronesia (Chuuk, Kosrae, Pohnpei and Yap)
   Nepal (seven provinces)
 Nigeria (36 states and one federal territory: Federal Capital Territory)

 Pakistan (4 provinces, 2 autonomous areas and 2 territories)
 Russia (46 oblasts, 22 republics, nine krais, four autonomous okrugs, three federal cities, one autonomous oblast)
 Saint Kitts and Nevis (Saint Kitts, Nevis)
 Somalia (eight states)
 South Sudan (ten states)
 Sudan (17 states)
  Switzerland (26 cantons)
 United Arab Emirates (seven emirates)
 United States (50 states, one incorporated territory, and one federal district: District of Columbia)
 Venezuela (23 states, one capital district and one federal dependency)

text: Unitary states[edit]

text: Regionalised unitary states[edit]

text: States in which the central government has delegated some of its powers to regional authorities.

text:
Bolivia (9 regions, of which 9 are autonomous)
 China, People's Republic of (22 provinces, 5 autonomous regions, 4 province-level municipalities, 2 special administrative regions, and 1 claimed province)
 China, Republic of (2 provinces, 6 special municipalities, 33 claimed provinces, 3 claimed special administrative regions, 2 regions, 12 claimed special municipalities, 14 leagues, and 4 special banners)
 France (18 regions, of which 6 are autonomous)

 Indonesia (34 provinces, of which 5 provinces have special status)
 Italy (20 regions, of which 5 are autonomous)
 Kingdom of the Netherlands (4 constituent countries)

 Philippines (one autonomous region subdivided into 5 provinces and 113 other provinces and independent cities grouped into 17 other non-autonomous regions)
 Portugal (2 autonomous regions)
 Spain (17 autonomous communities, 15 communities of common-regime, 1 community of chartered regime, 3 chartered provinces, 2 autonomous cities)

 Tanzania (21 mainland regions and  Zanzibar)
 Ukraine (24 oblasts, 2 cities with special status, and  Crimea)
 United Kingdom (4 constituent countries, 3 devolved administrations)

text: Confederation[edit]

text: European Union[edit]

text: The exact political character of the European Union is debated, some arguing that it is sui generis (unique), but others arguing that it has features of a federation or a confederation. It has elements of intergovernmentalism, with the European Council acting as its collective "president", and also elements of supranationalism, with the European Commission acting as its executive and bureaucracy.[21] But it is not easily placed in any of the above categories.[citation needed]


document_title: Sasha Farber

question_text: who is sasha on dancing with the stars engaged to

text: Sasha Farber

text: Personal life[edit]

text: Farber was born in Moscow, Russia, but moved to Australia in 1986. His family is Jewish.[2] He began dancing at the age of 13. When he was 17, Farber won the Australian Youth Latin Championships twice and represented Australia at the World Latin Championships. He was also featured in the 2000 Sydney Olympic Games closing ceremony and featured in the second season of the Australian Dancing with the Stars. He was also an original cast member of Broadway production of Burn the Floor.[3] He dated fellow Dancing with the Stars member Emma Slater from 2011 to 2014. In December 2015, Farber made a post on his Instagram account confirming that he and Slater were back together. On October 4, 2016, Farber proposed to Slater during a broadcast of Dancing with the Stars after performing a dance together. The two are now engaged on February 2,2018 Farber and fiancee Emma Slater announced that they were expecting their first child.[4]

text: Professional career[edit]

text: Dancing with the Stars[edit]

text: Farber began appearing in season fourteen as a troupe member. However he was promoted to professional dancer in season 17 when he was paired with Jersey Shore cast member Nicole "Snooki" Polizzi.[5] The pair were eliminated in week 7 despite good scores and praise from the judges. He was placed back in the troupe for the next four seasons. On March 8, 2016, Farber was again announced as a pro for season 22 and paired with actress Kim Fields.[6] The couple was eliminated on May 2, 2016, along with Von Miller and Witney Carson, tying for 7th place. Farber returned for season 23 and was partnered with Little Women: LA star Terra Jolé. Jolé and Farber were eliminated on week 10 of the competition, finishing in 5th place despite tying for the top of the leaderboard, marking Farber's first time in the Semifinals. He returned for season 24 and was partnered with Olympic artistic gymnast Simone Biles. The couple was shockingly eliminated one week before the finals on May 15, 2017, after receiving two perfect scores and praise from the judges. For season 25, he returned as a member of the troupe.

text:
Season
Partner
Place
Average score

17
Snooki
8th
25.0

22
Kim Fields
7th
22.9

23
Terra Jolé
5th
33.9

24
Simone Biles
4th
35.6

text: With Nicole "Snooki" Polizzi[edit]

text: Placed: 8th; (average: 25.0)

text:
Week #
Dance/Song
Judges' score
Result

Inaba
Goodman
Tonioli

1
Cha-cha-cha / "Wild Ones"
8
8
7
No Elimination

2
Rumba / "Just Give Me a Reason"
6
7
7
Safe

3
Quickstep / "Diamonds Are a Girl's Best Friend"
9
8
8
Safe

4
Jive / "Mickey"
8
81
8
Safe

5
Jazz / "Work Bitch"
9
9
9
Safe

6
Foxtrot / "Build Me Up Buttercup"
Switch-Up Challenge / Various
9
Awarded
9
3
9
Points
No Elimination

7
Samba / "Hey Mama"
Team Freestyle / "Bom Bom"
9
9
9
9
9
9
Eliminated

text: 1 Score given by guest judge Julianne Hough.

text: With Kim Fields[edit]

text: Placed: 8th; (average: 22.9)

text:
Week #
Dance/Song
Judges' score
Result

Inaba
Goodman
Tonioli

1
Cha-cha-cha / "Sax"
7
6
7
No Elimination

2
Salsa / "Conga"
7
6
6
Safe

3
Foxtrot / "The Facts of Life Theme"
8
7
7
Safe

4
Quickstep / "I Wan'na Be Like You"
8
8/81
8
Safe

52
Viennese Waltz / "These Arms of Mine"
8
6/63
8
No Elimination

6
Jive / "You Can't Stop the Beat"
8
8
8
Safe

7
Samba / "ABC"
Team Freestyle / "End of Time", "If I Were a Boy" & "Crazy in Love"
9
8
9
8
9
9
Eliminated

text:
1 Score given by guest judge Zendaya.
2 For this week only, as part of "America's Switch Up", Fields performed with Keo Motsepe instead of Farber. Farber performed with Paige VanZant.
3 Score given by guest judge Maksim Chmerkovskiy.

text: With Terra Jolé[edit]

text: Placed: 5th; (average: 33.9)

text:
Week #
Dance/Song
Judges' score
Result

Inaba
Goodman
Hough
Tonioli

1
Jive / "Stuff Like That There"
7
6
6
6
No Elimination

2
Quickstep / "Bewitched Theme"
8
7
8
8
Safe

3
Viennese Waltz / "Iris"
8
7
8
7
Safe

4
Samba / "Simcha"
9
—
8
8
Safe

5
Contemporary / "Stand By Me"
9
—
9
9
No Elimination

6
Paso Doble / "Don't Let Me Be Misunderstood"
7
81
8
7
Safe

7
Foxtrot / "Cheek to Cheek"
Team Freestyle / "Embrace"
9
8
8
9
9
9
8
9
Safe

8
Cha-cha-cha / "Day-O (The Banana Boat Song)"
Salsa Dance Off / "Magic"
8
No
—
Extra
8
Points
8
Awarded
Last to be called safe

9
Charleston / "If My Friends Could See Me Now"
Team-Up Dance (Jazz) / "Big Noise from Winnetka"
10
9
102
92
9
9
9
9
Safe

10[7]
Semifinals
Rumba / "Scars to Your Beautiful"
Trio Tango / "Hideway"
10
10
—
—
10
10
10
10
Eliminated

text:
1Score given by guest judge Pitbull
2Score given by guest judge Idina Menzel

text: With Simone Biles[edit]

text: Placed: 4th; (average: 35.6)

text:
Week #
Dance/Song
Judges' score
Result

Inaba
Goodman
Hough
Tonioli

1
Tango / "Untouchable"
8
8
8
8
No Elimination

2
Cha-cha-cha / "Burnin' Up"
7
7
7
8
Safe

3
Quickstep / "Viva Las Vegas"
7
8
9
8
Safe

4
Viennese Waltz / "Good Good Father"
9
9
9
9
Safe

5
Contemporary / "How Far I'll Go"
9
9
10
10
Safe

6
Samba / "Survivor"
Team Freestyle / "My Boyfriend's Back", "No Scrubs" & "BO$$"
9
8
9
8
81
91
9
9
Safe

7
Charleston / "Charleston"
Cha-cha-cha Dance-Off / "Crave"
10
Awarded
9
2
92
Extra
9
Points
Safe

8[8]
Foxtrot / "What Makes You Beautiful"
Trio Paso Doble / "Don't Let Me Down"
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
Safe

9
Jive / "Faith"
Rumba / "Skyscraper"
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
Eliminated

text:
1 Score given by guest judge Nick Carter.
2 Score given by guest judge Mandy Moore.


document_title: Meet the Fockers

question_text: who played little jack in meet the fockers

text: Meet the Fockers

text: Plot[edit]

text: Set two years after the events of the first film, Gaylord "Greg" Focker (Stiller) and his fiancée Pam Byrnes (Polo) decide to introduce their parents to each other. They first fly to Oyster Bay, New York, on Long Island, to pick up Pam's father, retired CIA operative Jack Byrnes (De Niro), her mother Dina (Danner) and one-year-old nephew Little Jack (the son of Bob and Debbie Banks). But rather than going to the airport as planned, Jack decides to drive the family to Miami to meet the Fockers in his new RV.

text: Once they arrive, they are greeted by Greg's eccentric but fun-loving and amiable father, Bernie (Hoffman), and mother, Roz (Streisand), who is a sex therapist for elderly couples. Worried that Jack may be put off by the Focker's lifestyle, Greg convinces Roz to pretend that she is a yoga instructor for the weekend. However, small cracks begin to form between Jack and the Fockers, due to their contrasting personalities. The meet gets off to a bad start when a chase between the Focker's active dog, Moses, and the Byrnes's cat, Jinx, culminates with Jinx flushing Moses down the RV's toilet, forcing Bernie to destroy it to save Moses. Later, Bernie accidentally injures Jack's back during a game of football.

text: Meanwhile, Pam informs Greg that she's pregnant, and the two decide to keep it secret from Jack. Jack again becomes suspicious of Greg's integrity and quality, when they are introduced to the Fockers' housekeeper, Isabel Villalobos (Alanna Ubach), with whom Bernie reveals Greg had a sexual affair fifteen years before. Jack later takes the RV to Isabel's fifteen-year-old son, Jorge (Ray Santiago), to fix the toilet, but is disturbed by Jorge's striking resemblance to Greg, and the fact that Jorge never met his father, and jumps to the conclusion that he may be Greg's son with Isabel. Meanwhile, Roz, Bernie and Dina realize Pam is pregnant, but promise not to tell Jack. Growing envious of Bernie and Roz's active sex life, Dina consults Roz on sex tips in order to seduce Jack, but none of them work.

text: Greg and Jack's relationship goes off with a bang when Greg is left alone to babysit Little Jack, whom Jack has been raising via the Ferber method. Despite Jack's instructions to leave Little Jack to self-soothe, Greg cannot stand to listen to Little Jack's cries and tends to the boy to cheer him up by hugging him, letting him watch TV, acting funny and inadvertently teaching Little Jack the word "asshole." Disaster strikes when Greg answers a brief phone call from Roz, which is long enough for Little Jack to wander out of his playpen (after Jinx opens it), put on Scarface and glue his hands to a bottle of rum. After a furious argument with the Fockers and his own family (though amends are quickly made), Jack resumes his spying on Greg and sends Greg and Jorge's hair samples for a DNA test, while inviting Jorge to the Fockers' planned engagement party in the hope of getting Greg to admit he is Jorge's father. At the engagement party, Jack, who automatically assumes that Greg knew about Jorge and has deliberately been keeping him a secret from Pam, introduces Greg to Jorge. Later, when Greg denies knowing anything about Jorge, Jack does not believe him and drugs him with truth serum to make him talk. On stage, Greg uncontrollably blurts out that Pam is pregnant and that Jorge is, without a doubt, his son (in a comically Darth Vader-esque manner) before losing consciousness.

text: The next morning, Pam questions Greg about Jorge, and Greg does not confirm or deny that he is Jorge's father, but insists that he knew nothing about him before the previous evening. Pam believes him, and is willing to work things out with him. Jack reaches his breaking point with Greg's dishonesty and demands that Pam and Dina leave the island with him. Dina refuses and reveals Jack's actions to everyone. Everyone turns against Jack, with Pam announcing her intent to marry Greg regardless of him having Jorge with Isabel, and Dina admits that they all knew of Pam's pregnancy. A shocked and hurt Jack leaves with his grandson.

text: Bernie and Greg pursue Jack, but are soon tasered and arrested by an incompetent deputy sheriff, Vern LeFlore (Tim Blake Nelson), for speeding. Jack returns to defend them after being informed Greg is not Jorge's father (his real father turns out to be a baseball player who also resembles Greg), but the overzealous LeFlore tasers and arrests him as well. In their cell, Greg, Jack and Bernie are released by the local judge, Ira (Shelley Berman), who is a client of Roz and close friend of the Fockers. Before they leave, Greg asks both Jack and Bernie to stop their feud. Jack admits that he made a mistake regarding Jorge and reveals his past career in the CIA to Bernie, before apologizing for his actions and making up with the two of them.

text: Greg and Pam are married that weekend by Pam's ex-fiancé, Kevin (Owen Wilson), who is now an ordained interfaith minister. During the party, Jack asks Roz for some sex tips and sneaks into the RV with Dina.

text: During the post-credit scene, Jack watches hidden baby-cam footage of the Fockers giving attention to Little Jack over Jack's previous objections: Roz gives Little Jack chocolate, Bernie advises him to use his crying to disagree with everything Jack says, and Greg pretends to drunkenly tell Little Jack to keep it a secret that he left to smoke pot, not answer the phone, when he left Little Jack unattended and that Pam is not really pregnant and only said it so that Jack would let them get married. Greg then pretends to only just discover the camera but then after making mocking gestures at it, Greg reveals that he knew about it all along and none of the things he said before were true.

text: Cast[edit]

text:
Robert De Niro as Jack Byrnes
Ben Stiller as Gaylord "Greg" Focker
Dustin Hoffman as Bernard "Bernie" Focker
Barbra Streisand as Rosalin "Roz" Focker
Teri Polo as Pam Byrnes-Focker
Blythe Danner as Dina Byrnes
Spencer and Bradley Pickren as "Little" Jack Banks
Alanna Ubach as Isabel Villalobos
Ray Santiago as Jorge Villalobos
Tim Blake Nelson as Officer Vern LeFlore
Shelley Berman as Judge Ira
Owen Wilson as Kevin Rawley

text: Critical response[edit]

text: The film received mixed or average reviews from critics. Rotten Tomatoes reported that 39% of 157 sampled critics gave the film positive reviews and that it got a rating average of 5.2 out of 10.[2] At Metacritic, which assigns a weighted average score out of 100 with reviews from mainstream critics, the film received an average score of 41 based on 34 reviews.[3]

text: Box office[edit]

text: The film was a commercial success and is currently the highest-grossing film starring Robert De Niro.[4] The film grossed $46,120,980 on its opening weekend in North America (5,000 screens at 3,518 theaters, averaging $13,110 per theater, or $9,224 per screen).[5] At the end of the film's 149 days of release, it grossed a total of $279,261,160 in North America, and $237,381,779 in other territories, for a total worldwide gross of $516,642,939, with an estimated 44 million tickets sold in the US. The film's budget was $80 million.[6]

text: Awards and nominations[edit]

text:
2005: Casting Society Of America, USA: Nominated for Best Feature Film Casting: Comedy.
2005: Teen Choice Awards: Nominated for Choice Movie: Blush, Choice Movie Actor: Comedy, Choice Movie Actor: Comedy, Choice Movie: Liar.
2005: MTV Movie Awards Won: Best Comedic Performance.
2005: ASCAP Film and Television Music Awards: Won Top Box Office Films.
2005: MTV Movie Awards in Mexico: Nominated for Best International Movie.