document_title: Gospel of John

question_text: when was the bible book of john written

question_tokens: when was the bible book of john written

text: Gospel of John

text: Structure and content[edit]

text: The Gospel of John can be divided into four sections: a prologue (1:1–18), a Book of Signs (1:19–12:50), a Book of Glory (13:1–20:31), and an epilogue (21).[10] The structure is highly schematic: there are seven "signs" culminating in the raising of Lazarus (foreshadowing the resurrection of Jesus), and seven "I am" sayings and discourses, culminating in Thomas's proclamation of Jesus as "my Lord and my God"—the same title (dominus et deus) claimed by Roman Emperor Domitian.[11]

text: Prologue[edit]

text: Jesus is placed in his cosmic setting as the Logos made flesh who reveals God and gives salvation to believers; John the Baptist, Andrew, and Nathanael bear witness to him as the Lamb of God, the Son of God, and the Christ.[12]

text: Book of Signs[edit]

text: The narrative of Jesus' public ministry, beginning with the introduction of the first disciples of Jesus. It consists of seven miracles, or "signs", interspersed with long dialogues, discourses, "Amen, amen" sayings, and "I Am" sayings, culminating with the raising of Lazarus from the dead. In John it is this, and not the cleansing of the Temple, that prompts the authorities to have Jesus executed. The seven signs consist of Jesus' miracle at the wedding at Cana, his healing the royal official's son, his healing the paralytic at Bethesda, his feeding the 5,000, his walking on water, his healing the man born blind, and his raising Lazarus from the dead. Other incidents recounted in this segment of the gospel include the cleansing of the Temple; Jesus' conversation with the Pharisee Nicodemus, wherein he explains the importance of spiritual rebirth; his conversation with the Samaritan woman at the well, wherein he gives the Water of Life Discourse; the Bread of Life Discourse, which prompted many of his disciples to leave; the Woman Taken in Adultery; Jesus' claims to be the Light of the World; Jesus' answer to Pilate; the Good Shepherd pericope; Jesus' rejection by the Jews; the Jesus wept; the plot to kill Jesus; the anointing of Jesus; Jesus' triumphal entry into Jerusalem; the prediction of the glorification of the Son of Man; and the prediction of the Last Judgment.

text: Book of Glory[edit]

text: The narrative of Jesus' Passion, Resurrection, and post-Resurrection appearances. The Passion narrative opens with an account of the Last Supper that differs significantly from that found in the Synoptics, with Jesus washing the disciples' feet instead of ushering in a new covenant of his body and blood.[13] This is followed by Jesus' Farewell Discourse, an account of his betrayal, arrest, trial, death, burial, post-Resurrection appearances,[Notes 4] and final commission for his followers. It also includes Peter's denial, the institution of the New Commandment and the New Covenant, the promise of the Paraclete, the allegory of the True Vine, the High Priestly Prayer, the ut omnes unum sint, the What is truth?, Jesus' mocking and crowning with thorns, the Ecce homo, the discovery of the empty tomb, the noli me tangere, the Great Commission, and the incredulity of Thomas. The section ends with a conclusion on the purpose of the gospel: "that [the reader] may believe that Jesus is the Christ, the Son of God, and that believing you may have life in his name."[12]

text: Epilogue[edit]

text: The narrative of Jesus' post-Resurrection appearance to his disciples by the lake, the miraculous catch of fish, the prophecy of the crucifixion of Peter, the restoration of Peter, and the fate of the Beloved Disciple.[12] A majority of modern scholars believes this chapter not to be integral to the original gospel.[14]

text: Composition and setting[edit]

text: Authorship, date, and origin[edit]

text: Most scholars consider the Gospel of John to be anonymous. According to a Church tradition dating from the 2nd century, first attested by Irenaeus, the author was "the Disciple whom Jesus loved" mentioned in John 21:24,[15] who is understood to be John son of Zebedee, one of Jesus' Twelve Apostles.[16] These identifications, however, are rejected by many modern biblical scholars.[1][17][Notes 5] Nevertheless, the author of the fourth Gospel is sometimes called John the Evangelist, often out of convenience since the definitive name of the author is still debated.

text: John is usually dated to AD 90–110.[18][Notes 6] It arose in a Jewish Christian community in the process of breaking from the Jewish synagogue.[19] Scholars believe that the text went through two to three redactions, or "editions", before reaching its current form.[20][21]

text: John, which regularly describes Jesus' opponents simply as "the Jews", is more consistently hostile to "the Jews" than any other body of New Testament writing.[22][Notes 7] Historian and former Roman Catholic priest James Carroll states: "The climax of this movement comes in chapter 8 of John, when Jesus is portrayed as denouncing 'the Jews' who were gathered at the Temple as the offspring of Satan."[23] In John 8:44 Jesus tells the Jews: "You are of your father the devil, and the desires of your father you will do. He was a murderer from the beginning, and he stood not in the truth; because truth is not in him." In 8:38 and 11:53, "the Jews" are depicted as wishing to kill Jesus. However, Carroll cautions that this and similar statements in the Gospel of Matthew and the 1 Thessalonians should be viewed as "evidence not of Jew hatred but of sectarian conflicts among Jews" in the early years of the Christian church.[24]

text: As noted by New Testament scholar Obrey M. Hendricks, Jr.: "Although its scathing portrayal of the Jews has opened John to charges of anti-Semitism, a careful reading reveals 'the Jews' to be a class designation, not a religious or ethnic grouping; rather than denoting adherents to Judaism in general, the term primarily refers to the hereditary Temple religious authorities."[25] In later centuries, John was used to support anti-Semitic polemics, but the author of the gospel regarded himself as a Jew, championed Jesus and his followers as Jews, and probably wrote for a largely Jewish community.[26][27]

text: Sources[edit]

text: Rudolf Bultmann, in a seminal work published in 1941, argued that John's sources were a hypothetical "Signs Gospel" listing Christ's miracles, a revelation discourse, and a passion narrative. Bultmann's work, combined with that of other scholars (the work of Raymond E. Brown was particularly influential in the English-speaking world), led to a scholarly consensus in the second half of the 20th century that the Gospel of John was independent of Matthew, Mark, and Luke, known as the "Synoptic Gospels." This agreement broke down in the last decade of the century, and there are now many scholars who believe that John did know the Synoptics, especially Mark, while the hypothesis of a "signs" source has been increasingly undermined.[28]

text: But theories of either complete independence or complete dependence on the Synoptics are largely rejected in current scholarship: on the one hand, elements such as distinctive Johannine language, the lengthy discourses, and the prologue on the Logos, are clearly unique to John; on the other, John clearly shares a multitude of episodes with the other three.[29]

text: The most important sources used by the evangelist were the Jewish scriptures (the Tanakh, more or less identical with the Christian Old Testament), probably in the Greek translation. John quotes from them directly, references important figures from them, and uses narratives from them as the basis for several of the discourses. But the author was also familiar with non-Jewish sources: the Logos of the prologue (the Word that is with God from the beginning of creation) derives from both the Jewish concept of Lady Wisdom and from the Greek philosophers, while John 6 alludes not only to the exodus but also to Greco-Roman mystery cults, while John 4 alludes to Samaritan messianic beliefs.[30]

text: Historical reliability[edit]

text: Chapters 19 and 21 of John hint that "the Disciple whom Jesus loved", or "the Beloved Disciple", was an eyewitness to Jesus' ministry, but the majority of scholars are cautious of accepting this at face value.[31][32] With the exception of the "Johannine Thunderbolt" passages,[Notes 8] the teachings of Jesus found in the synoptic gospels are very different from those recorded in John, and since the 19th century some scholars have argued that these discourses in Johannine style are less likely to be historical, and more likely to have been written for theological purposes.[34]

text: Scholars usually agree that John is not entirely without historical value.[35] It has become generally accepted that certain sayings in John are as old or older than their synoptic counterparts. His representation of the topography around Jerusalem is often superior to that of the Synoptics, his testimony that Jesus was executed before, rather than on, Passover, might well be more accurate, and his presentation of Jesus in the garden and the prior meeting held by the Jewish authorities are possibly more historically plausible than their synoptic parallels.[35]

text: Textual history and position in the New Testament[edit]

text: Rylands Library Papyrus P52, a Greek papyrus fragment with John 18:31–33 on one side and 18:37–38 on the other, commonly dated to the first half of the 2nd century, is the oldest New Testament manuscript known.[36] A substantially complete text of John exists from the beginning of the 3rd century at the latest, so that the textual evidence for this gospel is commonly accepted as both earlier and more reliable than that for any other. John stands fourth in the standard ordering of the gospels, after Matthew, Mark and Luke.

text: Theology[edit]

text: Christology[edit]

text: The Gospel of John presents a "high Christology," depicting Jesus as divine, and yet subordinate to the one God.[37] John gives more focus to the relationship of the Son to the Father than the Synoptics, as seen in chapter 17 of the gospel. In the Synoptics, Jesus speaks often about the Kingdom of God while his own divine role is obscured (see Messianic Secret), but in John, Jesus talks openly about his divine role, echoing the Jewish God's own statement of identity "I Am that I Am" with several "I Am" declarations that also identify him with symbols of major significance.[38] He says "I am":

text:
"the bread of life"[6:35]
"the light of the world"[8:12]
"the gate for the sheep"[10:7]
"the good shepherd"[10:11]
"the resurrection and the life"[11:25]
"the way and the truth and the life"[14:6] and
"the true vine"[15:1]

text: Logos[edit]

text: In the prologue, John identifies Jesus as the Logos (Word). In Ancient Greek philosophy, the term logos meant the principle of cosmic reason. In this sense, it was similar to the Hebrew concept of Wisdom, God's companion and intimate helper in creation. The Hellenistic Jewish philosopher Philo merged these two themes when he described the Logos as God's creator of and mediator with the material world. The evangelist adapted Philo's description of the Logos, applying it to Jesus, the incarnation of the Logos.[38]

text: The opening verse of John is translated as "the Word was with God and the Word was God" in all "orthodox" English Bibles.[Notes 9] There are alternative views. The Jehovah's Witnesses' New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures renders the verse as "The Word was with God, and the Word was a god." The Scholars Version of the gospel, developed by the Jesus Seminar, loosely translates the phrase as "The Logos was what God was," offered as a better representation of the original meaning of the evangelist.[39]

text: Cross[edit]

text: The portrayal of Jesus' death in John is unique among the four Gospels. It does not appear to rely on the kinds of atonement theology indicative of vicarious sacrifice (cf. Mk 10:45, Rom 3:25) but rather presents the death of Jesus as his glorification and return to the father. Likewise, the three "passion predictions" of the Synoptic Gospels (Mk 8:31, 9:31, 10:33–34 and pars.) are replaced instead in John with three instances of Jesus explaining how he will be exalted or "lifted up"(Jn 3:14, 8:28, 12:32). The verb for "lifted up" reflects the double entendre at work in John's theology of the cross, for Jesus is both physically elevated from the earth at the crucifixion but also, at the same time, exalted and glorified.[40]

text: Sacraments[edit]

text: Among the most controversial areas of interpretation of John is its sacramental theology. Scholars' views have fallen along a wide spectrum ranging from anti-sacramental and non-sacramental, to sacramental, to ultra-sacramental and hyper-sacramental. Scholars disagree both on whether and how frequently John refers to the sacraments at all, and on the degree of importance he places upon them. Individual scholars' answers to one of these questions do not always correspond to their answer to the other.[41]

text: Frequency of allusion[edit]

text: According to Rudolf Bultmann, there are three sacramental allusions: one to baptism (3:5), one to the Eucharist (6:51–58), and one to both (19:34). He believed these passages to be later interpolations, though most scholars now reject this assessment. Some scholars on the weaker-sacramental side of the spectrum deny that there are any sacramental allusions in these passages or in the gospel as a whole, while others see sacramental symbolism applied to other subjects in these and other passages. Oscar Cullmann and Bruce Vawter, a Protestant and a Catholic respectively, and both on the stronger-sacramental end of the spectrum, have found sacramental allusions in most chapters. Cullmann found references to baptism and the Eucharist throughout the gospel, and Vawter found additional references to matrimony in 2:1–11, anointing of the sick in 12:1–11, and penance in 20:22–23. Towards the center of the spectrum, Raymond Brown is more cautious than Cullmann and Vawter but more lenient than Bultmann and his school, identifying several passages as containing sacramental allusions and rating them according to his assessment of their degree of certainty.[41]

text: Importance to the evangelist[edit]

text: Most scholars on the stronger-sacramental end of the spectrum assess the sacraments as being of great importance to the evangelist. However, perhaps counterintuitively, some scholars who find fewer sacramental references, such as Udo Schnelle, view the references that they find as highly important as well. Schnelle in particular views John's sacramentalism as a counter to Docetist anti-sacramentalism. On the other hand, though he agrees that there are anti-Docetic passages, James Dunn views the absence of a Eucharistic institution narrative as evidence for an anti-sacramentalism in John, meant to warn against a conception of eternal life as dependent on physical ritual.[41]

text: Individualism[edit]

text: In comparison to the synoptic gospels, the Fourth Gospel is markedly individualistic, in the sense that it places emphasis more on the individual's relation to Jesus than on the corporate nature of the Church.[41][42] This is largely accomplished through the consistently singular grammatical structure of various aphoristic sayings of Jesus throughout the gospel.[41][Notes 10] According to Richard Bauckham, emphasis on believers coming into a new group upon their conversion is conspicuously absent from John.[41] There is also a theme of "personal coinherence", that is, the intimate personal relationship between the believer and Jesus in which the believer "abides" in Jesus and Jesus in the believer.[42][41][Notes 11] According to C. F. D. Moule, the individualistic tendencies of the Fourth Gospel could potentially give rise to a realized eschatology achieved on the level of the individual believer; this realized eschatology is not, however, to replace "orthodox", futurist eschatological expectations, but is to be "only [their] correlative."[43] Some have argued that the Beloved Disciple is meant to be all followers of Jesus, inviting all into such a personal relationship with Christ. Beyond this, the emphasis on the individual's relationship with Jesus in the Gospel has suggested its usefulness for contemplation on the life of Christ.[44]

text: John the Baptist[edit]

text: John's account of the Baptist is different from that of the synoptic gospels. In this gospel, John is not called "the Baptist."[45] The Baptist's ministry overlaps with that of Jesus; his baptism of Jesus is not explicitly mentioned, but his witness to Jesus is unambiguous.[45] The evangelist almost certainly knew the story of John's baptism of Jesus and he makes a vital theological use of it.[46] He subordinates the Baptist to Jesus, perhaps in response to members of the Baptist's sect who regarded the Jesus movement as an offshoot of their movement.[13]

text: In John's gospel, Jesus and his disciples go to Judea early in Jesus' ministry before John the Baptist was imprisoned and executed by Herod. He leads a ministry of baptism larger than John's own. The Jesus Seminar rated this account as black, containing no historically accurate information.[39] According to the biblical historians at the Jesus Seminar, John likely had a larger presence in the public mind than Jesus.[47]

text: Gnostic elements[edit]

text: Although not commonly understood as Gnostic, many scholars, including Bultmann, have forcefully argued that the Gospel of John has elements in common with Gnosticism.[13] Christian Gnosticism did not fully develop until the mid-2nd century, and so 2nd-century Proto-Orthodox Christians concentrated much effort in examining and refuting it.[48] To say John's gospel contained elements of Gnosticism is to assume that Gnosticism had developed to a level that required the author to respond to it.[49] Bultmann, for example, argued that the opening theme of the Gospel of John, the pre-existing Logos, was actually a Gnostic theme. Other scholars, e.g. Raymond E. Brown have argued that the pre-existing Logos theme arises from the more ancient Jewish writings in the eighth chapter of the Book of Proverbs, and was fully developed as a theme in Hellenistic Judaism by Philo Judaeus.[50]

text: Comparisons to Gnosticism are based not in what the author says, but in the language he uses to say it, notably, use of the concepts of Logos and Light.[51] Other scholars, e.g. Raymond E. Brown, have argued that the ancient Jewish Qumran community also used the concept of Light versus Darkness. The arguments of Bultmann and his school were seriously compromised by the mid-20th-century discoveries of the Nag Hammadi library of genuine Gnostic writings (which are dissimilar to the Gospel of John) as well as the Qumran library of Jewish writings (which are often similar to the Gospel of John).[52]

text: Gnostics read John but interpreted it differently from the way non-Gnostics did.[53] Gnosticism taught that salvation came from gnosis, secret knowledge, and Gnostics did not see Jesus as a savior but a revealer of knowledge.[54] Barnabas Lindars asserts that the gospel teaches that salvation can only be achieved through revealed wisdom, specifically belief in (literally belief into) Jesus.[55]

text: Raymond Brown contends that "The Johannine picture of a savior who came from an alien world above, who said that neither he nor those who accepted him were of this world,[56] and who promised to return to take them to a heavenly dwelling[57] could be fitted into the gnostic world picture (even if God's love for the world in 3:16 could not)."[58] It has been suggested that similarities between John's gospel and Gnosticism may spring from common roots in Jewish Apocalyptic literature.[59]

text: Comparison with the synoptics[edit]

text: The Gospel of John is significantly different from the synoptic gospels, with major variations in material, theological emphasis, chronology, and literary style.[60] There are also some discrepancies between John and the Synoptics, some amounting to contradictions.[60]

text: Material[edit]

text: John lacks scenes from the Synoptics such as Jesus' baptism,[61] the calling of the Twelve, exorcisms, parables, the Transfiguration, and the Last Supper. Conversely, it includes scenes not found in the Synoptics, including Jesus turning water into wine at the wedding at Cana, the resurrection of Lazarus, Jesus washing the feet of his disciples, and multiple visits to Jerusalem.[60]

text: In the fourth gospel, Jesus' mother Mary, while frequently mentioned, is never identified by name.[62][63] John does assert that Jesus was known as the "son of Joseph" in 6:42. For John, Jesus' town of origin is irrelevant, for he comes from beyond this world, from God the Father.[64]

text: While John makes no direct mention of Jesus' baptism,[61][60] he does quote John the Baptist's description of the descent of the Holy Spirit as a dove, as happens at Jesus' baptism in the Synoptics. Major synoptic speeches of Jesus are absent, including the Sermon on the Mount and the Olivet Discourse,[65] and the exorcisms of demons are never mentioned as in the Synoptics.[61][66] John never lists all of the Twelve Disciples and names at least one disciple, Nathanael, whose name is not found in the Synoptics. Thomas is given a personality beyond a mere name, described as "Doubting Thomas".[67]

text: Theological emphasis[edit]

text: Jesus is identified with the Word ("Logos"), and the Word is identified with theos ("god" in Greek);[68] no such identification is made in the Synoptics.[69] In Mark, Jesus urges his disciples to keep his divinity secret, but in John he is very open in discussing it, even referring to himself as "I AM", the title God gives himself in Exodus at his self-revelation to Moses. In the Synoptics, the chief theme is the Kingdom of God and the Kingdom of Heaven (the latter specifically in Matthew), while John's theme is Jesus as the source of eternal life and the Kingdom is only mentioned twice.[60][66] In contrast to the synoptic expectation of the Kingdom (using the term parousia, meaning "coming"), John presents a more individualistic, realized eschatology.[70][71][Notes 12]

text: Chronology[edit]

text: In the Synoptics, the ministry of Jesus takes a single year[citation needed], but in John it takes three, as evidenced by references to three Passovers. Events are not all in the same order: the date of the crucifixion is different, as is the time of Jesus' anointing in Bethany and the cleansing of the temple occurs in the beginning of Jesus' ministry rather than near its end.[60]

text: Literary style[edit]

text: In the Synoptics, quotations from Jesus are usually in the form of short, pithy sayings; in John, longer quotations are often given. The vocabulary is also different, and filled with theological import: in John, Jesus does not work "miracles" (Greek: δῠνάμεις, translit. dynámeis, sing. δύνᾰμῐς, dýnamis), but "signs" (Greek: σημεῖᾰ, translit. sēmeia, sing. σημεῖον, sēmeion) which unveil his divine identity.[60] Most scholars consider John not to contain any parables.[73] Rather it contains metaphorical stories or allegories, such as those of the Good Shepherd and of the True Vine, in which each individual element corresponds to a specific person, group, or thing. Some scholars, however, find some such parables as the short story of the childbearing woman (16:21) or the dying grain (12:24).[Notes 13]

text: Discrepancies[edit]

text: According to the Synoptics, the arrest of Jesus was a reaction to the cleansing of the temple, while according to John it was triggered by the raising of Lazarus.[60] The Pharisees, portrayed as more uniformly legalistic and opposed to Jesus in the synoptic gospels, are instead portrayed as sharply divided; they debate frequently in John's accounts. Some, such as Nicodemus, even go so far as to be at least partially sympathetic to Jesus. This is believed to be a more accurate historical depiction of the Pharisees, who made debate one of the tenets of their system of belief.[74]

text: Representations[edit]

text: The gospel has been depicted in live narrations and dramatized in productions, skits, plays, and Passion Plays, as well as in film. The most recent such portrayal is the 2014 film 'The Gospel of John', directed by David Batty and narrated by David Harewood and Brian Cox, with Selva Rasalingam as Jesus. The 2003 film The Gospel of John, was directed by Philip Saville, narrated by Christopher Plummer, with Henry Ian Cusick as Jesus.

text: Parts of the gospel have been set to music. One such setting is Steve Warner's power anthem "Come and See", written for the 20th anniversary of the Alliance for Catholic Education and including lyrical fragments taken from the Book of Signs. Additionally, some composers have made settings of the Passion as portrayed in the gospel, most notably the one composed by Johann Sebastian Bach, although some verses are borrowed from Matthew.[75]


document_title: 2001 State of Origin series

question_text: who coached queensland in the 2001 state of origin series

root

text: 2001 State of Origin series

text: Game I[edit]

text: Queensland stalwart coach Wayne Bennett made it a personal mission to regain the great loss of credibility suffered from the 2000 series whitewash and 40 point last game defeat and decided he wanted his old Maroon coaching job back after a two-year sojourn.

tag: p

text: Sunday, May 6, 2001

tag: table

text:
Queensland

34–16

 New South Wales

Darren Lockyer (14 - 1t,5g)  Darren Smith (4 - 1t)  John Buttigieg (4 - 1t)  John Doyle (4 - 1t)  Carl Webb (4 - 1t)  Chis Walker (4 - 1t)

(Report)

(4 - 2g) Michael De Vere  (4 - 1t) Matthew Gidley  (4 - 1t) Brad Fittler  (4 - 1t) Trent Barrett

text: Suncorp Stadium, BrisbaneAttendance: 38,909Referee: Bill HarriganMan of the Match: Gorden Tallis

text: In game I Queensland blooded no less than ten new players[2] and Wayne Bennett gambled on the likes of Brisbane Broncos forward Carl Webb and North Queensland Cowboys John Buttigieg and John Doyle who were relative unknowns. But they each announced their representative arrival in dramatic style with a try each in the first game, won 34-16 by the Maroons in the last match played at the "old" Suncorp Stadium. The most spectacular was Webb's two minutes before half-time when he brushed off three defenders before powering his way across the line.

text: Game II[edit]

text: Queensland went into game 2 without captain Gorden Tallis who was out with a neck injury.

text: Sunday, June 10, 2001

text:
New South Wales

26–8

 Queensland

Brad Fittler (8 - 2t)  Ryan Girdler (6 - 3g)  Jamie Ainscough (4 - 1t)  Trent Barrett (4 - 1t)  Luke Ricketson (4 - 1t)

(Report)

(4 - 2g) Darren Lockyer  (4 - 1t)  Chris Walker

text: Telstra Stadium, SydneyAttendance: 70,249Referee: Bill HarriganMan of the Match: Trent Barrett

text: Played before 70,000 at Telstra Stadium, Blues skipper Brad Fittler scored two tries in what was to be his last match for NSW on home soil and inspired his side to a 26-8 victory. Man of the match was Trent Barrett playing halfback for the first time due to injuries to Brett Kimmorley and Andrew Johns. Debutante Mark O'Meley was particularly impressive, setting up Fittler's first try after 53 minutes with a smashing run that sent defenders skittling.

text: Game III[edit]

text: The lead up to Game III was dominated by emotion regarding Brad Fittler's pending retirement from representative football after 29 Origin appearances. But with the series tied at one game apiece Queensland needed some special emotion of their own to avoid a loss. Without inspirational captain Tallis and an established halves pairing, coach Bennett undertook furtive negotiations with Maroon's veteran Allan Langer, then in his second English season and captain of the Warrington Wolves, and the rumours were only confirmed after Langer had boarded a plane (under a false name) for the flight home, bound for his 31st career Origin appearance.[3] At almost 35 years of age, Langer was named in his famous No.7 jersey for the first time since leaving Australia part-way through the 1999 NRL season.

text: Sunday, 1 July, 2001

text:
Queensland

40–14[4]

 New South Wales

Darren Lockyer (16 - 2t,4g)  Chris Walker (8 - 2t)  Paul Bowman (8 - 2t)  Allan Langer (4 - 1t)  Dane Carlaw (4 - 1t)

(Report)

(14 - 2t,3g) Ryan Girdler

text: ANZ Stadium, BrisbaneAttendance: 49,441Referee: Bill HarriganMan of the Match: Darren Lockyer

text: Despite NSW centre Ryan Girdler scoring the fastest try in Origin history after 39 seconds, Queensland took a 28-8 lead into the break with Langer heavily involved in three of the Maroons' first half tries. Alongside Darren Lockyer who created his own form of havoc, Langer tore New South Wales to shreds and capped his comeback in the 54th minute when he scored a trademark solo try from close range to sentence the Blues to a series-deciding loss and Fittler to his own bittersweet representative farewell (although he would make a comeback three years later and help his state to a victory in his final year before retirement).

text: Sydney's The Daily Telegraph reacted to the New South Wales team's Origin loss with this headline on the front of its paper on July 2, 2001: "BLOODY ALF".[5]

text: New South Wales squad[edit]

text:
Position

Game 1

Game 2

Game 3

Fullback

 Mark Hughes

Wing

 Jamie Ainscough

Centre

 Michael De Vere

 Ryan Girdler

Centre

 Matt Gidley

Wing

 Adam MacDougall

Five-Eighth

 Brad Fittler (c)

Halfback

 Brett Kimmorley

 Trent Barrett

 Brett Kimmorley

Prop

 Jason Stevens

Hooker

 Luke Priddis

Prop

 Robbie Kearns

 Mark O'Meley

Second Row

 Bryan Fletcher

Second Row

 Nathan Hindmarsh

 Adam Muir

Lock

 Jason Croker

 Luke Ricketson

 Andrew Ryan

Interchange

 Trent Barrett

 Craig Gower

Interchange

 Michael Vella

Interchange

 Ben Kennedy

 Matt Adamson

Interchange

 Rodney Howe

 Andrew Ryan

 Steve Menzies

Coach

 Wayne Pearce

text: Queensland squad[edit]

text:
Position

Game 1

Game 2

Game 3

Fullback

 Darren Lockyer

 Darren Lockyer (c)

Wing

 Lote Tuqiri

Centre

 Darren Smith

 Chris Walker

Centre

 Paul Bowman

Wing

 Wendell Sailor

Five-Eighth

 Daniel Wagon

Halfback

 Paul Green

 Allan Langer

Prop

 Shane Webcke

Hooker

 Kevin Campion

 Paul Green

Prop

 John Buttigieg

 Russell Bawden

 John Buttigieg

Second Row

 Gorden Tallis (c)

 Dane Carlaw

 Brad Meyers

Second Row

 Petero Civoniceva

Lock

 Brad Meyers

 Darren Smith

Interchange

 Chris Walker

 Kevin Campion

Interchange

 Chris Beattie

 Carl Webb

Interchange

 Carl Webb

 Dane Carlaw

Interchange

 John Doyle

 Nathan Fien

 John Doyle

Coach

 Wayne Bennett


document_title: List of National Football League career quarterback wins leaders

question_text: what quarterback has the most wins in nfl history

text:
NFL lists
Current season[show]
2018 season

Quarterbacks[show]
 Starting quarterbacks by touchdowns / touchdowns (playoffs) / yardage / 5000 yard seasons / completion / winsby team  BUFMIANENYJ BALCINCLEPIT HOUINDJAXTEN DENKCLACOAK DALNYGPHIWAS CHIDETGBMIN ATLCARNOTB ARILARSFSEAMost winsPlayoff records
Most consecutive starts
Most consecutive gameswith touchdown pass

Running backs[show]
Career rushing attempts leaders
Career rushing yards leaders
Career rushing touchdowns leaders
Annual rushing yards leaders
Annual rushing touchdowns leaders
2,000-yard club
1,000-yard duos

Receivers[show]
Career receptions leaders
Career receiving yards leaders
Career receiving touchdowns leaders
Annual receptions leaders
Annual receiving yards leaders
Annual receiving touchdowns leaders

Defense[show]
Career sacks leaders
Annual sacks leaders
Career interceptions leaders
Annual interceptions leaders

Special teams[show]
Longest field goals
Career field goals leaders
Career punting yards leaders
Career punt return yards leaders
Career kickoff return yards leaders
Annual field goals leaders
Annual punting yards leaders
Annual punt return yards leaders
Annual kickoff return yards leaders

Other lists[show]
Most consecutive starts(and games played)
Career all-purpose yards leaders
Career scoring leaders
Brett Favre'scareer achievements
Peyton Manning'scareer achievements
vte

text: The following is a list of the top National Football League (NFL) quarterbacks in wins. In the NFL, the quarterback is the only position that is credited with records of wins and losses.

text: Active quarterback Tom Brady holds the records for most wins with 229, most regular season wins with 202, and most postseason wins with 27, as of week 8 of the 2018 NFL season. Having played the entirety of his career with the New England Patriots, each of Brady's win records also apply to wins with a single team.

text: Among retired players, the record for most wins is held by Peyton Manning with 200. In his final professional game, Manning set the then-record for wins, surpassing Brett Favre who retired with 199 wins. Other previous record-holders include John Elway (162), Fran Tarkenton (130), and Johnny Unitas (124). Otto Graham holds the record for the highest winning percentage with a minimum of 35 wins at .788 (61 wins to 16 losses).

text: List[edit]

text: This sortable table shows the top 100 NFL quarterbacks in order of regular season wins, since the start of the modern era, 1950. The table also shows every team that a quarterback played for. If two quarterbacks have the same number of wins, the player with the highest winning percentage is ranked first. Quarterbacks in bold are still active.

text:
Quarterbacks ranked by total wins, then winning percentage

Rank

Quarterback

Team(s)

Seasons

Career wins
Career losses

Ties

Win percentage

1

Tom Brady [1]

New England Patriots

2000–present

202

57

0

.780

2

Peyton Manning [2]

Indianapolis Colts

1998–2011

141

67

0

.685

Denver Broncos

2012–2015

45

12

3

Brett Favre [3]

Atlanta Falcons

1991

0

0

0

.618

Green Bay Packers

1992–2007

160

93

New York Jets

2008

9

7

Minnesota Vikings

2009–2010

17

12

4

John Elway [4]

Denver Broncos

1983–1998

148

82

1

.645

5

Dan Marino [5]

Miami

1983–1999

147

93

0

.601

5

Drew Brees [6]

San Diego Chargers

2001–2005

30

28

0

.574

New Orleans

2006–present

117

79

7

Ben Roethlisberger[7]

Pittsburgh

2004–present

138

65

1

.670

8

Fran Tarkenton [8]

Minnesota

1961–19661972–1978

91

73

6

.533

New York Giants

1967–1971

33

36

9

Johnny Unitas [9]

Baltimore Colts

1956–1972

117

61

4

.649

San Diego Chargers

1973

1

3

10

Joe Montana [10]

San Francisco

1979–1992

100

39

0

.711

Kansas City

1993–1994

17

8

11

Eli Manning [11]

New York Giants

2004–present

112

106

0

.522

12

Philip Rivers [12]

San Diego /Los Angeles Chargers

2004–present

111

88

0

.546

13

Terry Bradshaw [13]

Pittsburgh

1970–1983

107

51

0

.684

14

Warren Moon [14]

 Houston Oilers

1984–1993

70

69

0

.493

 Minnesota

1994–1996

21

18

 Seattle

1997–1998

11

13

 Kansas City

1999–2000

0

1

15

Jim Kelly [15]

Buffalo

1986–1996

101

59

0

.621

16

Donovan McNabb [16]

 Philadelphia

1999–2009

92

49

1

.607

 Washington

2010

5

8

 Minnesota

2011

1

5

16

Dave Krieg [17]

 Seattle

1980–1991

70

49

0

.549

Kansas City

1992–1993

13

8

Detroit

1994

5

2

Arizona Cardinals

1995

4

12

Chicago

1996

6

6

Tennessee Oilers

1997–1998

0

0

16

Drew Bledsoe [18]

New England

1993–2001

63

60

0

.508

Buffalo

2002–2004

23

25

Dallas

2005–2006

12

10

19

Aaron Rodgers [19]

Green Bay

2005–present

97

49

1

.651

19

Matt Ryan [20]

Atlanta

2008–present

97

66

0

.581

21

Ken Stabler [21]

Oakland Raiders

1970–1979

69

26

1

.655

Houston Oilers

1980–1981

16

12

New Orleans

1982–1984

11

11

21

Joe Flacco [22]

Baltimore Ravens

2008–present

96

63

0

.607

23

Phil Simms [23]

New York Giants

1979–1993

95

64

0

.598

24

Steve Young [24]

Tampa Bay

1985–1986

3

16

0

.650

San Francisco

1987–1999

91

33

24

Bart Starr [25]

Green Bay

1956–1971

94

57

6

.635

24

Len Dawson [26]

Pittsburgh

1957–1959

0

1

8

.617

Cleveland

1960–1961

1

0

Dallas Texans/Kansas City

1962–1975

93

56

24

Troy Aikman [27]

Dallas

1989–2000

94

71

0

.583

28

Bob Griese [28]

Miami

1967–1980

92

56

3

.614

29

Roger Staubach [29]

Dallas

1969–1979

85

29

0

.733

30

Steve McNair [30]

Houston Oilers /Tennessee Oilers / Titans

1995–2005

76

55

0

.589

Baltimore Ravens

2006–2007

15

7

31

Ken Anderson [31]

Cincinnati

1971–1986

91

81

0

.522

32

Carson Palmer [32]

Cincinnati

2004–2010

46

51

1

.505

Oakland Raiders

2011–2012

8

16

Arizona Cardinals

2013–2017

38

21

33

Alex Smith [33]

San Francisco

2005–2012

38

36

1

.575

Kansas City

2013–2017

50

26

Washington

2018–present

2

1

34

Vinny Testaverde [34]

Tampa Bay

1987–1992

24

48

1

.422

Cleveland

1993–1995

16

15

Baltimore Ravens

1996–1997

8

20

New York Jets

1998–20032005

35

26

Dallas

2004

5

10

New England

2006

0

0

Carolina

2007

2

4

35

Matt Hasselbeck [35]

Green Bay

1999–2000

0

0

0

.526

 Seattle

2001–2010

69

62

Tennessee Titans

2011–2012

11

10

Indianapolis Colts

2013–2015

5

3

36

Dan Fouts [36]

San Diego Chargers

1973–1987

86

84

1

.503

37

Jim Hart [37]

St. Louis Cardinals

1966–1983

87

88

5

.497

Washington

1984

0

0

38

Roman Gabriel [38]

Los Angeles Rams

1962–1972

74

39

7

.563

Philadelphia

1973–1977

12

25

39

Craig Morton [39]

Dallas

1965–1974

32

14

1

.562

New York Giants

1974–1976

8

25

Denver

1977–1982

41

23

40

Randall Cunningham [40]

Philadelphia

1985–1995

63

43

1

.594

Minnesota

1997–1999

16

7

Dallas

2000

1

2

Baltimore Ravens

2001

2

0

41

Bobby Layne [41]

Chicago

1948

0

0

5

.573

New York Bulldogs

1949

1

10

Detroit

1950–1958

53

29

Pittsburgh

1958–1962

27

22

42

Kerry Collins [42]

Carolina

1995–1998

22

20

0

.449

New Orleans

1998

2

5

New York Giants

1999–2003

35

33

Oakland Raiders

2004–2005

7

21

Tennessee Titans

2006–2010

15

17

Indianapolis Colts

2011

0

3

43

Joe Theismann [43]

Washington

1974–1985

77

47

0

.629

44

Mark Brunell [44]

Green Bay

1994

0

0

0

.516

Jacksonville

1995–2003

63

54

Washington

2004–2006

15

18

New Orleans

2008–2009

0

1

New York Jets

2010–2011

0

0

45

Boomer Esiason [45]

Cincinnati

1984–19921997

62

61

0

.466

New York Jets

1993–1995

15

27

Arizona Cardinals

1996

3

5

46

John Hadl [46]

San Diego Chargers

1962–1972

59

54

9

.515

Los Angeles Rams

1973–1974

15

4

Green Bay

1974–1975

7

12

Houston Oilers

1976–1977

1

5

47

Tony Romo [47]

Dallas

2004–2016

78

49

0

.602

48

Rich Gannon [48]

Minnesota

1987–1992

19

16

0

.576

Washington

1993

1

3

Kansas City

1995–1998

11

8

Oakland Raiders

1999–2004

45

29

49

Jim Plunkett [49]

New England

1971–1975

23

38

0

.519

San Francisco

1976–1977

11

15

Oakland/ LA Raiders

1979–1986

38

19

50

Joe Ferguson [50]

Buffalo

1973–1984

77

86

0

.457

Detroit

1985–1986

2

3

Tampa Bay

1988–1989

0

3

Indianapolis Colts

1990

0

0

51

Y. A. Tittle [51]

Baltimore Colts †

1950

1

6

5

.588

San Francisco

1951–1960

45

31

New York Giants

1961–1964

32

13

52

Ron Jaworski [52]

Los Angeles Rams

1974–1976

3

0

1

.513

Philadelphia

1977–1986

69

67

Miami

1988

0

0

Kansas City

1989

1

2

53

Kurt Warner [53]

St. Louis Rams

1998–2003

35

15

0

.589

New York Giants

2004

5

4

Arizona Cardinals

2005–2009

27

30

54

Brad Johnson [54]

Minnesota

1994–19982005–2006

28

18

0

.576

Washington

1999–2000

17

10

Tampa Bay

2001–2004

26

23

Dallas

2007–2008

1

2

55

John Brodie [55]

San Francisco

1957–1973

74

76

8

.491

56

Russell Wilson [56]

Seattle

2012–present

67

32

1

.674

57

Steve Grogan [57]

New England

1975–1990

75

60

0

.543

58

Jay Cutler [58]

Denver

2006–2008

17

20

0

.484

Chicago

2009–2016

51

51

Miami

2017

6

8

59

Jake Plummer [59]

Arizona Cardinals

1997–2002

30

52

0

.500

Denver

2003–2006

39

15

60

Daryle Lamonica [60]

Buffalo

1963–1966

4

0

6

.753

Oakland Raiders

1967–1974

62

16

61

Jim McMahon [61]

Chicago

1982–1988

46

15

0

.680

San Diego Chargers

1989

4

7

Philadelphia

1990–1992

9

3

Minnesota

1993

8

4

Arizona Cardinals

1994

0

1

Green Bay

1995–1996

0

0

62

Sonny Jurgensen [62]

Philadelphia

1957–1963

17

22

7

.487

Washington

1964–1974

52

51

63

Chris Chandler [63]

Indianapolis Colts

1988–1989

10

6

0

.445

Tampa Bay

1990–1991

0

6

Phoenix Cardinals

1991–1993

5

12

Los Angeles RamsSt. Louis Rams

19942004

2

6

Houston Oilers

1995–1996

11

14

Atlanta

1997–2001

34

33

Chicago

2002–2004

5

8

64

Jim Harbaugh [64]

Chicago

1987–1993

35

30

0

.469

Indianapolis Colts

1994–1997

20

26

Baltimore Ravens

1998

5

7

San Diego Chargers

1998–2000

6

11

65

Danny White [65]

Dallas

1976–1988

62

30

0

.657

66

Earl Morrall [66]

San Francisco

1956

1

3

3

.634

Pittsburgh

1957–1958

6

7

Detroit

1958–1964

15

11

New York Giants

1965–1967

8

12

Baltimore Colts

1968–1971

22

3

Miami

1972–1976

11

1

67

Jack Kemp [67]

Pittsburgh

1957

0

0

3

.617

Los Angeles /San Diego Chargers

1960–1962

22

6

Buffalo

1962–1969

43

31

68

Cam Newton [68]

Carolina

2011–present

64

46

1

.572

69

Andy Dalton [69]

Cincinnati

2011–present

66

45

2

.573

70

Jim Everett [70]

Los Angeles Rams

1986–1993

46

59

0

.418

New Orleans

1994–1996

17

30

San Diego Chargers

1997

1

0

71

Charlie Conerly [a] [71]

New York Giants

1948–1961

65

39

1

.612

72

Jay Schroeder [72]

Washington

1985–1987

24

7

0

.615

LA Raiders

1988–1992

32

25

Cincinnati

1993

0

3

Arizona Cardinals

1994

5

3

73

Joe Namath [73]

New York Jets

1965–1976

60

61

4

.500

Los Angeles Rams

1977

2

2

74

Norm Van Brocklin [74]

Los Angeles Rams

1949–1957

42

20

4

.624

Philadelphia

1958–1960

19

16

75

Michael Vick [75]

Atlanta

2001–2006

38

28

1

.538

Philadelphia

2009–2013

20

20

New York Jets

2014

1

2

Pittsburgh

2015

2

1

76

Trent Dilfer [76]

Tampa Bay

1994–1999

38

38

0

.529

Baltimore Ravens

2000

7

1

Seattle

2001–2004

8

4

Cleveland

2005

4

7

San Francisco

2007

1

5

77

Billy Kilmer [77]

New Orleans

1967–1970

11

29

1

.525

Washington

1971–1978

50

23

78

Otto Graham [78]

Cleveland

1950–1955

57

13

1

.788

79

Jake Delhomme [79]

New Orleans

1999, 2002

1

1

0

.587

Carolina

2003–2009

53

37

Cleveland

2010

2

2

Houston Texans

2011

0

0

80

Matthew Stafford [80]

Detroit

2009–present

61

68

0

.462

81

Jeff Garcia [81]

San Francisco

1999–2003

35

36

0

.492

Cleveland

2004

3

7

Detroit

2005

1

4

Philadelphia

2006, 2009

5

1

Tampa Bay

2007–2008

14

10

Houston Texans

2011

0

0

82

Steve Bartkowski [82]

Atlanta

1975–1985

55

66

0

.458

Los Angeles Rams

1986

4

2

83

Charley Johnson [83]

St. Louis Cardinals

1961–1969

36

28

8

.508

Houston Oilers

1970–1971

3

11

Denver

1972–1975

20

18

84

Dan Pastorini [84]

Houston Oilers

1971–1979

53

54

0

.484

Oakland Raiders

1980

2

3

Los Angeles Rams

1981

1

4

Philadelphia

1983

0

0

85

Frank Ryan [85]

Los Angeles Rams

1958–1961

5

5

3

.661

Cleveland

1962–1968

52

22

Washington

1969–1970

0

0

86

Neil O'Donnell [86]

Pittsburgh

1991–1995

39

22

0

.542

New York Jets

1996–1997

8

12

Cincinnati

1998

2

9

Tennessee Titans

1999–2003

6

2

87

Brian Sipe [87]

Cleveland

1974–1983

57

55

0

.504

88

Milt Plum [88]

Cleveland

1957–1961

33

16

6

.567

Detroit

1962–1967

23

25

Los Angeles Rams

1968

0

0

New York Giants

1969

0

0

89

Bobby Hebert [89]

New Orleans

1985–1992

49

26

0

.544

Atlanta

1993–1996

7

18

90

Tommy Kramer [90]

Minnesota

1977–1989

54

56

0

.491

New Orleans

1990

0

0

91

Bernie Kosar [91]

Cleveland

1985–1993

53

51

1

.491

Dallas

1993

0

1

Miami

1994–1996

0

2

92

Trent Green [92]

Washington

1997–1998

6

8

0

.487

St. Louis Rams

2000 & 2008

2

4

Kansas City

2001–2006

48

40

Miami

2007

0

5

93

Jeff Hostetler [93]

New York Giants

1985–1992

16

9

0

.625

LA/ Oakland Raiders

1993–1996

33

22

Washington

1997

2

1

94

George Blanda [94]

Chicago

1949–1958

8

12

1

.519

Houston Oilers

1960–1966

44

38

Oakland Raiders

1967–1975

1

0

95

Steve DeBerg [95]

San Francisco

1978–1980

7

28

1

.378

Denver

1981–1983

5

6

Tampa Bay

1984–1987, 1992–1993

8

29

Kansas City

1988–1991

31

20

Miami

1993

2

2

Atlanta

1998

0

1

96

Stan Humphries [96]

Washington

1989–1990

3

2

0

.609

San Diego Chargers

1992–1997

47

29

97

Ed Brown [97]

Chicago

1954–1961

39

25

5

.572

Pittsburgh

1962–1965

14

13

Baltimore Colts

1965

0

0

98

Mark Rypien [98]

Washington

1988-1993

45

27

0

.612

Cleveland

1994

2

1

St. Louis Rams

1995

0

3

99

Norm Snead [99]

Washington

1961–1963

9

30

7

.349

Philadelphia

1964–1970

28

50

Minnesota

1971

2

0

New York Giants

1972–1974, 1976

11

14

San Francisco

1974–1975

2

6

100

Tobin Rote [100]

Green Bay

1950-1956

26

46

4

.442

Detroit

1957-1959

9

12

San Diego Chargers

1963–1964

13

6

Rank
Quarterback
Team(s)
Seasons
Career wins
Career losses
Ties
Win percentage

text: ^*  Note: Bobby Layne is listed as having started all 12 games for the Bulldogs (NFL) in 1949. The record for that team is 1–10–1. Combined with his official post–1949 won–loss–tied record of 80–51–4 (0.607), his overall estimated won–loss–tied record is 81–61–5 (0.568).[41]

text: ^†  Note: The 1950 Baltimore Colts are a defunct NFL team, not part of the current Colts franchise.

text:
a Charlie Conerly is estimated to have gone 7–8–0 as a starter from 1948–1949. Combined with his official post-1949 won-loss-tied record of 58–31–1 (0.650), his overall estimated won-loss-tied record is 65–39–1 (0.624).
b Otto Graham also started 53 games for the Cleveland Browns when they were in the All-America Football Conference (1946–1949). He finished his professional career (AAFC and NFL) with a 105–17–4 regular-season record (84.0% win rate). Graham took his team to the championship game in all ten of his professional seasons winning seven of them (4 AAFC and 3 NFL).[101]

tag: ul


question_text: how many hotel rooms are their in the hilton university of houston

text: History[edit]

text: Hilton College was founded in 1969, when James C. Taylor, who would become the first dean, presented Eric and Barron Hilton—sons of Conrad Hilton—with plans to build a hospitality school at the University of Houston.  When they presented the plans to their father, Conrad Hilton  contributed $1.5 million for the completion of the project. Classes began at Hilton College on Sept. 16, 1969, with 39 students and three professors. Taylor was named the first dean.[3]

text: The first class—consisting of eight students, most of whom began their hospitality studies elsewhere at UH—graduated from Hilton College in 1971.

text: In 1975, a new Hilton College facility opened, which included the Hilton University of Houston Hotel and Conference Center.

text: In 1983, the Hilton Foundation gave the college a $21.3-million grant to expand its facilities and increase endowment and operation support.  That gift led to the construction of the South Wing, which opened in 1989 and added 94,000 square feet of education and meeting space to Hilton College.

text: In 2010, the Hilton University of Houston completed a $12.5-million renovation to upgrade its facilities and create an enhanced experiential-learning environment for the students of Hilton College. It was the first major renovation to the hotel since it opened in 1975.

text: Hilton College houses four hospitality-related research institutes, the Hospitality Hall of Honor, the Massad Family Library Research Center and the Hospitality Industry Archives.

text: Barron's Restaurant[edit]

text: Barron’s Restaurant, named for Barron Hilton, is the student-run restaurant at Hilton College.[4] It was created as part of the College’s focus on experiential learning.  It is open for lunch, Monday-Friday, during the fall and spring semesters and is staffed entirely by students, from the managers, to the cooks, to the servers.[5]  Barron’s serves as a lab for two Hilton College courses: Food & Beverage Service and Advanced Food & Beverage Management. Students in the Barron’s courses are expected to learn foodservice and hospitality industry standards in the lecture portion of their studies, and then apply those teachings in their weekly lab shifts.[6]  In the fall of 2012, Barron’s debuted a new, Bistro-inspired menu.[7]

text: Cougar Grounds[edit]

text: In January 2009, the College opened the Cougar Grounds coffee shop, the first university coffee house in the U.S. to be run by students as part of a corollary education class.[citation needed] Cougar Grounds serves as the laboratory for an entrepreneurship class, in which students learn about small-business operations, including marketing and sales, price-setting, payroll, cost control, supply management and new product development.[8]

text: Hilton University of Houston[edit]

text: The Hilton University of Houston, a full-service Hilton hotel located in the Wheeler District of the university campus, and serves as the primary teaching facility for the Conrad N. Hilton College of Hotel and Restaurant Management.[9]  It was first built in 1975 and underwent a $12.5 million renovation in 2010. The hotel has 86 guest rooms and 25,000 square feet of banquet space. Student interns rotate through many of the positions at the hotel, including jobs in guest services, hotel operations and banquet services.[10][11]

text: Hospitality Hall of Honor[edit]

text: Hilton College houses the Hospitality Hall of Honor, which was established in 1995 to recognize leaders in the hospitality industry.[12][13] Each year since 1996, a small group of honorees has been inducted into the Hall.  The induction ceremony includes a formal reception and dinner, which are held at the Hilton University of Houston and planned by a team of student leaders. The week of the ceremony, Hilton College hosts a series of industry-related Think Tanks for students.[14]

text: Student organizations[edit]

text:
There are 16 student organizations at Hilton College, each of which has its own faculty mentor.[15] The organizations, which cater to different sectors and aspects of the hospitality industry, all participate in community-service projects and networking events.
The Hilton College student organizations include:

text:
Club Managers Association of America (CMAA)
Conrad N. Hilton Ambassadors
Disney College Program
Eta Sigma Delta
Graduate Student Association (GSA)
Green Team
Hospitality Financial and Technology Professionals - Cougar Chapter (HFTP-CC)
Hospitality Sales and Marketing Association International (HSMAI)
Hotel Management Society (HMS)
Houston Spa Association—Student Chapter
National Association of Catering and Events (NACE)
National Society of Minorities in Hospitality—Cougar Chapter (NSMH-CC)
Par Excellence
Professional Convention Management Association (PCMA)
Texas Restaurant Association Cougar Chapter (TRACC)
Wine & Spirits Management Association (WSMA)


document_title: Let's Make a Deal

question_text: where does let's make a deal tape

question_tokens: where does let 's make a deal tape

text: Let's Make a Deal

text: Broadcast history[edit]

text: Let's Make a Deal first aired on NBC in 1963 as part of its daytime schedule. The show moved to ABC in 1968, where it remained until 1976; and on two separate occasions the show was given a weekly nighttime spot on those networks.[2] The first syndicated edition of Let's Make a Deal premiered in 1971. Distributed by ABC Films, and then by its successor Worldvision Enterprises once the fin-syn rules were enacted, the series ran until 1977 and aired weekly.

text: A revival of the series based in Hall's native Canada was launched in 1980 and aired in syndication on American and Canadian stations for one season. This series was produced by Catalena Productions and distributed in America by Rhodes Productions, Catalena's partner company. In the fall of 1984, the series returned for a third run in syndication as The All-New Let's Make a Deal. Running for two seasons until 1986, this series was distributed by Telepictures.

text: NBC revived Let's Make a Deal twice in a thirteen-year span. The first was a daytime series in 1990 that was the first to not be produced or hosted by Monty Hall. Instead, the show was a production of Ron Greenberg and Dick Clark, and featured Bob Hilton (best known for announcing other game shows) as host (although Hall would eventually return as host for special episodes).

text: A primetime edition was launched in 2003 but drew poor ratings and was cancelled after three of its intended five episodes had aired.  This version had CNN reporter Billy Bush as host, and had a significantly larger budget.

text: A partial remake called Big Deal, hosted by Mark DeCarlo, was broadcast on Fox in 1996. In 1998 and 1999, Buena Vista Television (now Disney–ABC Domestic Television) was in talks with Stone-Stanley (the producers of Big Deal) to create a revival hosted by Gordon Elliott, but it was never picked up.[3] The show was one of several used as part of the summer series Gameshow Marathon on CBS in 2006, hosted by Ricki Lake.

text: As noted above, CBS revived Let's Make a Deal in 2009. The revival premiered on October 5, 2009, and CBS airs the show daily at 10:00 am and 3:00 pm Eastern time (9:00 am and 2:00 pm in other time zones). Like the program that it replaced, the long-running soap opera Guiding Light, affiliates can choose to air it in either time slot; most affiliates, however, prefer the early slot in order to pair the two CBS daytime game shows together.

text: From September 20 to October 15, 2010, Let's Make a Deal and The Price Is Right aired two episodes a day on alternating weeks. CBS did this to fill a gap between the final episode of As the World Turns, which ended a fifty-four-year run on September 17, 2010, and the debut of The Talk. The double-run games aired at 2:00 pm Eastern.

text: Although the current version of the show debuted in September 2009, long after The Price Is Right (which made the switch in September 2008) and the two Sony Pictures Television daytime dramas had made the switch to high definition, Let's Make a Deal was, along with Big Brother, one of only two programs across the five major networks that was still being actively produced in standard definition. For the start of production for its 2014–15 season in June 2014, Let's Make a Deal began being produced in high definition, with Big Brother 16 making the switch later in June. Let's Make a Deal was the last remaining CBS program to make the switch by air date, with the first HD episode airing on September 22, 2014.[4]

text: Past personnel[edit]

text: This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (October 2017) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

text: Monty Hall hosted the original daytime network series for its entire run (with the exception of a short time in early 1972 when Hall fell ill and early television pioneer Dennis James substituted in his stead); Hall also hosted its accompanying primetime and syndicated series as well as the two 1980s syndicated efforts, and he served as consultant for the current version until his death.

text:
Game show announcer Bob Hilton became the new host for the NBC 1990 series; however, due to low ratings, Hilton was fired from the show and in October 1990, Hall returned to the show (but was announced as "guest host") and remained as host until the series was canceled in January 1991. Access Hollywood host Billy Bush emceed the 2003 series, with Hall making a cameo appearance in one episode.
Each Let's Make a Deal announcer also served as a de facto assistant host, as many times the announcer would be called upon to carry props across the trading floor. The original announcer for the series was Wendell Niles, who was replaced by Jay Stewart in 1964. Stewart remained with Let's Make a Deal until the end of the syndicated series in 1977. The 1980 Canadian-produced syndicated series was announced by Chuck Chandler. The 1984 syndicated series employed voice actor Brian Cummings in the announcer/assistant role for its first season, with disc jockey Dean Goss taking the position for the following season. The 1990 NBC revival series was announced by Dean Miuccio, with the 2003 edition featuring Vance DeGeneres in that role.

text: The longest tenured prize model on Let's Make a Deal was Carol Merrill, who stayed with the series from its debut until 1977. The models on the 1980s series were Maggie Brown, Julie Hall (1980), Karen LaPierre, and Melanie Vincz (1984). For the 1990 series, the show featured Georgia Satelle and identical twins Elaine and Diane Klimaszewski, who later gained fame as the Coors Light Twins.

text: Hall (2010 and 2013) and Merrill (2013) both appeared on the current Brady version, each making one-week appearances each.  The 2013 celebration of the franchise's 50th anniversary was Hall's last official appearance on the show prior to his death, but Hall also appeared in 2017 CBS publicity shots with Brady as part of a CBS Daytime publicity photo celebrating the network's daytime ratings.[5]

text: When the current version debuted in 2009 at Las Vegas, Alison Fiori was the show's original model, lasting for much of the first season in Las Vegas before the show moved to Los Angeles.  During the 2013-14 season, Danielle Demski was the show's model for most of the season while Tiffany Coyne was on maternity leave.

text: Production locations[edit]

text: The original daytime series was recorded at NBC Studios in Burbank, California and then at ABC Television Center in Los Angeles once the program switched networks in 1968. The weekly syndicated series also taped at ABC Television Center, doing so for its first five seasons. After ABC cancelled the daytime series in 1976, production of the syndicated series ceased there as well and the sixth and final season was recorded in the ballroom of the Las Vegas Hilton hotel in Las Vegas, Nevada.

text: The 1980 Canadian series taped at Panorama Studios in Vancouver, BC, which production company Catalena Productions used as its base of operations. The All-New Let's Make a Deal taped its first season of episodes in Burbank at NBC Studios, then moved to Hollywood Center Studios in Hollywood, California for the second and final season. The 1990 NBC daytime series was recorded at Disney-MGM Studios on the grounds of Walt Disney World in Orlando, Florida. The 2003 revival returned production to Burbank.

text: The current edition of the series originally emanated from the Tropicana in Las Vegas. The show returned to Hollywood in 2010, first at Sunset Bronson Studios and later at Raleigh Studios.

text: Format[edit]

text: This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (October 2015) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

text: Game play[edit]

text: Each episode of Let's Make a Deal consists of several "deals" between the host and a member (or members, generally a married couple) of the audience, referred to as "traders." Audience members are picked at the host's whim as the show moves along, and couples are often selected to play together as traders. The deals are mini-games within the show that take several formats.

text: In the simplest format, a trader is given a prize of medium value (such as a television set or a few hundred dollars in cash), and the host offers them the opportunity to trade for another prize. However, the offered prize is unknown. It might be concealed on the stage behind one of three curtains, or behind "boxes" onstage (large panels painted to look like boxes), within smaller boxes brought out to the audience, or occasionally in other formats. The initial prize given to the trader may also be concealed, such as in a box, wallet or purse, or the trader might be initially given a box, envelope or curtain. The format varies widely.

text: Technically, traders are supposed to bring something to trade in, but this rule has seldom been enforced. On several occasions, a trader is actually asked to trade in an item such as their shoes or purse, only to receive the item back at the end of the deal as a "prize". On at least one occasion, the purse was taken backstage and a high-valued prize was placed inside of it.

text: Prizes generally are either a legitimate prize, such as a trip, electronics, furniture, appliances, or a car.  Certain contestants also win cash, or a junked booby prize called the "zonk" (e.g., live animals, large amounts of food, fake money, fake trips, junked cars, etc. or something outlandish such as a giant article of clothing, a room full of junked furniture, etc.). Sometimes zonks are legitimate prizes but of a low value (e.g., Matchbox cars, wheelbarrows, T-shirts, groceries, etc.). On rare occasions, a trader appears to get zonked, but the zonk is a cover-up for a legitimate prize.  Also on rare occasions, a contestant who is zonked is given an opportunity to play for the Big Deal of the Day; usually, this happens only if there are very few or no big winners during the show.

text: Though usually considered joke prizes, traders legally win the zonks.[6] However, after the taping of the show, any trader who had been zonked is offered a consolation prize (currently $100) instead of having to take home the actual zonk. This is partly because some of the zonks are impractical or physically impossible to receive or deliver to the traders (such as live animals or the guy in an animal costume), or the props are owned by the studio. A disclaimer at the end of the credits of later 1970s episodes read "Some traders accept reasonable duplicates of zonk prizes." Starting in the 2012–13 season, CBS invited viewers to provide zonk ideas to producers. At the end of the season, the zonk declared the most creative was worth $2,500 to the winner, and other viewers' zonk ideas were also used. For every viewer-developed zonk, the host announced the viewer who provided the zonk. The contest has been continued throughout the past several seasons after its 2012 introduction.

text: Quickie Deals[edit]

text: As the end credits of the show roll, it is typical for the host to ask random members of the studio audience to participate in fast deals. In the current Wayne Brady version, these are often referred to as "quickie deals", and are conducted by the host, announcer, and model each. CBS will post information on the show's Twitter address (@LetsMakeADeal) days before taping to encourage audience members to carry certain items in their pockets in order to win an additional $500 cash, when one of the hosts approaches them at the end of the show and asks to see such items.[7] The deals are usually in the form of the following:

text:
Offering cash to a person for possessing a certain item.
Paying a small cash amount for each instance of a certain item (coins, paperclips, etc.) that a person can produce.
Offering cash for each instance of a particular digit in the serial number on a dollar bill, driver's license, etc.
Offering to pay the last check in the person's checkbook, if they had one, up to a certain limit (usually $500 or $1,000).
Offering cash to one person if they can correctly guess how much the Big Deal of the Day was worth exactly, or the name of the contestant who played for it.
Offering cash to one person if they can correctly choose which one of two photos appeared on the show's Instagram account.
Offering cash to one person if they can correctly answer a question relating to their costume.
Offering cash to one person if they can correctly guess how much money ($100, $200, or $300) was in the announcer's hand.

text: Other deal formats[edit]

text: Deals were often more complicated than the basic format described above. Additionally, some deals took the form of games of chance, and others in the form of pricing games.

text: Trading deals[edit]

text:
Choosing an envelope, purse, wallet, etc., which conceal dollar bills. One of them conceals a pre-announced value (usually $1 or $5), which awards a car or trip. The other envelopes contain a larger amount of money as a consolation prize. The trader must decide whether to keep their choice or trade. In some playings it is possible for more than one trader to win the grand prize.
Making decisions for another person, such as a spouse or a series of unrelated traders. Sometimes after several offers, the teams are broken up to make an individual decision.
Being presented with a large grocery item (e.g., a box of candy bars)—almost always containing a hidden cash amount—or a "claim check" at the start of the show. Throughout the show, the trader is given several chances to trade the item and/or give it to another trader in exchange for a different box or curtain. The final trader in possession of the item prior to the Big Deal is usually offered first choice of the three doors in exchange for giving up the item. The contents of the item are only revealed after the Big Deal is awarded (or prior to the Big Deal if the last trader with the item elected to choose one of the three doors). A variation included a cash box with at various points the host inserting packets of money inside, with the trader allowed to give it to another trader in exchange for a curtain or box. As with the above deal, the host revealed the contents only after the last trader with the box goes for the Big Deal (again, he/she is given first choice of the doors) or after the Big Deal segment and before the closing credits.

text: Games of chance[edit]

text: A wide variety of chance-based games have been used on the show. Examples:

text:
Collecting a certain amount of money hidden inside wallets, envelopes, etc., or by pressing unlabeled buttons on a cash register, in order to reach a pre-stated "selling price" for a larger prize, such as a car, trip or larger amount of cash. Typically, there may also be one or more zonk items hidden which end the game immediately if found. In the cash register game, if the zonk button—the one that rings up "No Sale" – is found, the trader was offered a chance to find the second "No Sale" sign to win the grand prize, otherwise the trader won whatever amount was rang up, often double the amount. In the current CBS version, a board with thirteen cash amounts and two zonks is used.
Choosing one from among several items (e.g., one of three keys that unlocks a safe, one of three diamond rings that is genuine, one of three eggs that is raw, etc.) in order to win money or a prize. Sometimes, two or perhaps all three of the items would pay off with the stated prize, especially if multiple traders played.
Games involving a deck of cards in which a trader must find matching cards, draw cards that reach a cumulative total within a certain number of draws, draw a certain number of cards from a certain suit to win a designated prize (with one suit always designated as going toward a "zonk," which ends the game with nothing won), etc. to win a prize or additional money.
Receiving clues about an unknown prize (such as a partial spelling of the prize or clues in the form or rap, rhyme, etc.) and deciding whether to take the unknown prize or a cash prize.
Receiving money in the form of a long strip of bills dispensed one at a time from a machine. The trader can end the game at any time and keep the accumulated money, but he/she forfeits it if a blank sheet appears. Updated versions of the game involve an ATM. Depositing a card withdraws cash, but if the ATM displays "overdrawn" on the screen the trader loses everything.
Being given a choice between a cash prize or one spin of a wheel that can award larger/smaller amounts, a zonk, or a car.
Rolling dice to receive cash based upon the roll or achieving a cumulative score within a certain number of rolls to win a larger prize.

text: Depending on the game, the trader is given the opportunity to stop the game at various points and take a "sure thing" deal or cash/prizes already accumulated or continue on and risk possibly losing.

text: Pricing games[edit]

text: Other deals related to pricing merchandise are featured in order to win a larger prize or cash amounts. Sometimes traders are required to price individual items (either grocery products or smaller prizes generally valued less than $100) within a certain range to win successively larger prizes or a car. Other times traders must choose an item that a pre-announced price, order grocery items or small prizes from least to most expensive, or two items with prices that total a certain amount to win a larger prize. These games are not used on the CBS version because of their similarities to The Price is Right.

text: Quiz games[edit]

text: On the CBS version, due to the similarities of the pricing game concept with The Price is Right, quiz games are used instead. These deals involve products in the form of when they were introduced to the market, general knowledge quizzes, currency exchange rates (at the time of taping), or knowledge of geography of trips to certain locales used as prizes.

text: Big Deal[edit]

text: The Big Deal serves as the final segment of the show and offers a chance at a significantly larger prize for a lucky trader. Before the round, the value of the day's Big Deal is announced to the audience.

text: The process for choosing traders was the same for every series through the 2003 NBC primetime series. Monty Hall (or his successors) would begin asking the day's traders, starting with the highest winner, if they wanted to give back what they had managed to win earlier in the show for a chance to choose one of three numbered doors on the stage. The process continued until two traders agreed to play, and the biggest winner of the two got first choice of Door #1, Door #2, or Door #3. The other trader then chose from the remaining two doors. Since the 2009 series, the Big Deal has been played with just one trader.

text: Each of the doors conceals either a prize package of some sort, or a cash award hidden inside a prop such as "Monty's Piggy Bank" or the "Let's Make a Deal Vault." On occasion, a door containing an all-cash prize is opened before the traders make their choices, but the amount of the prize is not revealed. Most often, the value of the "Low" Door (the lowest-valued door) is less than the value of the player's original winnings, while the "Medium" Door's value is at least $1,000 more than the player's traded winnings.

text: When the Big Deal is not behind the selected door, one of the non-Big Deal doors is opened first, then the chosen door, with the Big Deal revealed last. If the Big Deal door IS selected, the other two doors are usually revealed first, although on rare occasions, the Big Deal door has been revealed second, after one of the other two doors (usually the "Medium" door) is revealed.

text: The Big Deal prize is usually the most extravagant on each episode, and is often a car or a vacation with first-class accommodations. On occasion, the Big Deal consists of one of the all-cash prizes mentioned above; at other times, a cash bonus is added to the prizes in the Big Deal to bring the total up to the announced value. On other occasions, the Big Deal is revealed to include "Everything in the Big Deal", meaning the prizes behind all 3 doors are won if the player chose the Big Deal.

text: The Big Deal is the one time in the show where a trader is guaranteed to not walk away with a Zonk.

text: Super Deal[edit]

text: During the 1975–76 syndicated season, winners of the Big Deal were offered a chance to win the "Super Deal". At this point, Big Deals were limited to a range of $8,000 to $10,000. The trader could risk their Big Deal winnings on a shot at adding a $20,000 cash prize, which was hidden behind only one of three mini-doors onstage. The other two doors contained cash amounts of $1,000 or $2,000; however, the $1,000 value was later replaced with a "mystery" amount between $1,000 and $9,000. A trader who decided to play risked their Big Deal winnings and selected one of the mini-doors. If the $20,000 prize was behind the door, the trader kept the Big Deal and added the $20,000 prize, for a potential maximum total of $30,000. However, if a trader selected one of the other two doors, he or she forfeited the Big Deal prizes but kept the cash amount behind the door. The Super Deal was discontinued when the show permanently moved to Las Vegas for the final season (1976–77), and Big Deal values returned to the previous range of $10,000 to $15,000.

text: From 2012 to 2016 of the Brady version, the Super Deal was offered as a limited event (usually for a week of shows promoted as "Super Deal Week") and was not played regularly. The show designated one or two weeks of episodes, typically airing during a special event (e.g., the 500th episode, 50th anniversary of franchise, etc.). In this version, the top cash prize was $50,000 while the other two cash prizes were $1,000 and $2,000. In addition, instead of using mini-doors, the cash amounts were hidden in three large colored envelopes of red, green, and purple, respectively referred by Brady as ruby, emerald, and sapphire.

text: Mega-Deal week[edit]

text: For season premiere weeks in 2015 and 2016 of the Brady version, Big Deal of the Day winners had an opportunity to win every non-zonk, non-cash prize from that day's episode as a "Mega-Deal". Prior to the start of the Big Deal, the contestant picked both a Big Deal curtain and one of seven Mega Deal cards (reduced by one for each day that the Mega Deal was not won that week).  Unlike the Super Deal, the contestant does not risk their winnings in the Mega Deal.  Only if the contestant won the Big Deal would the contestant's card be revealed.  If the card was the Mega Deal, they won every non-zonk, non-cash prize on the show that day.  Regardless, at the end of the Big Deal, whichever door was chosen was the contestant's to keep.

text: Mash-Up Week[edit]

text: The week of May 9, 2016 was designated Mash-Up Week. During each of the five broadcast days, Deal and The Price Is Right each featured one game from the other's lineup. The games were slightly modified to reflect the nature of the shows on which they were played; those on TPIR required contestants to price items, while those on Deal used random draws and the offer of cash/prize deals to stop a game early.

text: Reception[edit]

text: Upon the original Let's Make a Deal's debut, journalist Charles Witbeck was skeptical of the show's chances of success, noting that the previous four NBC programs to compete with CBS's Password had failed.[8] Some critics described the show as "mindless" and "demeaning to traders and audiences alike".[9]

text: By 1974, however, the show had spent more than a decade at or near the top of daytime ratings, and became the highest-rated syndicated primetime program.[9] At the time, the show held the world's record for the longest waiting list for tickets in show-business history[9][10] – there were 350 seats available for each show, and a wait time of two-to-three years after requesting a ticket.[9][10]

text: In 2001, Let's Make a Deal was ranked as #18 on TV Guide's list of "The 50 Greatest Game Shows of All Time".[11] In 2006, GSN aired a series of specials counting down its own list of the "50 Greatest Game Shows of All Time", on which Let's Make a Deal was #7.[12]

text: In 2014, the American series won a Daytime Creative Arts Emmy Award for Outstanding Original Song for "30,000 Reasons to Love Me", composed by Cat Gray and sung by Wayne Brady.[13]

text: Episode status[edit]

text:
ABC Daytime: A clip from the ABC daytime premiere was used on Monty Hall's "Biography", which aired during Game Show Week on A&E. Another episode from 1969 was found, which features a gaffe that Hall himself rated as his most embarrassing moment on Let's Make a Deal – at the end of the show, he attempted to make a deal with a woman carrying a baby's bottle. Noting that it had a removable rubber nipple, he offered the woman $100 if she could show him another nipple (she didn't).[14] Episodes substitute-hosted by Dennis James exist in his personal library; a portion of one such episode is widely circulated as part of a pitch film for James's version of The Price Is Right.[15]
ABC Nighttime/1971–77 Syndicated: Episodes have been seen on GSN in the past. The CBN Cable Network reran the syndicated series in the 1980s and its successor, The Family Channel, from June 7, 1993[16] to March 29, 1996.[17]
The 1980-81 version continued to air in reruns on Canada's Global Television Network through the late 1980s.
The 1984–86 syndicated version has been seen on GSN in the past. Reruns previously aired on the USA Network from December 29, 1986[18] to December 30, 1988[19] and The Family Channel from August 30, 1993[20] to March 29, 1996.[21] Buzzr began airing episodes from 1985 on June 1, 2016.  GAMETV in Canada has been airing this version since June 2018 as part of their Gameshow RETRO block.
The 1990s NBC version has not been seen since its cancellation.
The 2003 NBC prime time version only aired three of the five episodes produced, with no rebroadcasts since.

text: International versions[edit]

text: RTL Group holds international (and as of February 2009, American) rights to the show, and has licensed the show to 14 countries.

text:
Region or country

Local name

Host

Network

Dates

 Australia

Let's Make A Deal

Mike DyerJohn LawsJimmy HannanGarry Meadows

Nine Network

1968–691976–77

Vince Sorrenti

Network Ten

1990–91

 Brazil[22]

Topa um Acordo?

Rodrigo Faro

Rede Record

April 26, 2014 – December 2014

 Canada (in English)

Let's Make A Deal

Monty Hall

Syndication

1980–81*

 Egypt[23]

لعبة الحياة – ليتس ميك آي ديل Lebet el hayat

Moutaz Al-Demirdash

Al Hayat 1

2013–present

 France[24]

Le Bigdil

Vincent Lagaf' and Bill

TF1

1998–2004

 Germany[25]

Geh aufs Ganze!

Jörg DraegerElmar Hörig

Sat.1 (1992–97)tm3 (1997–98)kabel eins (1999–2003)

1992–2003

 Greece[26]

Τo Μεyάλo Παζάρi To Megalo Pazari

Andreas Mikroutsikos

Mega Channel

1992–93

Parta Ola

1997

Τα σουτιέν και ο Αντρέας – Το πιο Μεγάλο Παζάρι Ta soutien kai o Antreas – To pio Megalo Pazari

Alpha TV

2006–07

Kane Pazari[27]

Doretta Papadimitriou

Skai

2017-present

 Hungary[28]

Zsákbamacska

Rozsa Gyorgy

MTV 1

1994–98

 India[29]

Khullja Sim Sim

Aman VermaHussain Kuwajerwala

Star PlusBIG Magic

2001–042012–13

 Indonesia[30]

Super Deal 2 Milyar

Nico Siahaan Aditya Herpavi RachmanIndra Bekti and Indy Barends

antv

2006–07April 29, 2010 – December 31, 2010July 25, 2011 – November 21, 2011

Super Deal

Uya Kuya

2014–2015

Raffi Ahmad and Ruben Onsu

2016

 Israel

עשינו עסק Asinu eseq

Avri Gilad Zvika Hadar

Channel 2

1994–951996

 Italy[31]

Facciamo un affare

Iva Zanicchi

Canale 5

1985–86

 Lebanon

قصة كبيرة Ossa kbireh

Michel Kazi

Future TV

2002

 Mexico

Trato Hecho

1999

 Poland[32]

Idź na całość

Zygmunt Chajzer (1997–2000)Krzysztof Tyniec (2000–2001)

Polsat

1997–2001

 Portugal[33]

Negócio Fechado

Henrique Mendes

SIC

1999–2000

 Romania

Batem palma!

Dan Negru

Antena 1

2002–03

 Spain[34]

Fem Un Pacte

Joan Monleón

Canal Nou

1996

Trato Hecho

Bertín Osborne

Antena 3

1998–2000 2002

¿Hay Trato?

Carlos Sobera

2004

 Turkey

Seç Bakalım

Erhan Yazıcıoğlu

Kanal 6ATV

1992–951995–98

 United Kingdom

Trick or Treat

Mike Smith and Julian Clary

ITV

1989

 U.S. (in English)

Let's Make a Deal

Monty Hall

NBC

1963–67

ABC

Daytime 1968–76Primetime 1969–71

Syndication

1971–77

Syndication

1980–81*

The All-New Let's Make a Deal

Syndication

1984–86

Let's Make a Deal

Bob Hilton

NBC

1990–91

Big Deal

Mark DeCarlo

FOX

1996

Let's Make a Deal

Billy Bush

NBC

2003

Wayne Brady

CBS

2009–present

 U.S. (in Spanish)

Trato Hecho

Guillermo Huesca

Univision

January 10, 2005 – December 9, 2005

 Vietnam

Ô cửa bí mật

Trần Ngọc

VTV3

January 6, 2008 – February 19, 2012

text: * The 1980–81 version aired in both the U.S. and Canada.

text: Merchandise[edit]

text: In 1964, Milton Bradley released a home version of Let's Make a Deal featuring gameplay somewhat different from the television show. In 1974, Ideal Toys released an updated version of the game featuring Hall on the box cover, which was also given to all traders on the syndicated version in the 1974–75 season. An electronic tabletop version by Tiger Electronics was released in 1998. In the late summer of 2006, an interactive DVD version of Let's Make a Deal was released by Imagination Games, which also features classic clips from the Monty Hall years of the show. In 2010, Pressman Toy Corporation released an updated version of the box game, with gameplay more similar to the 1974 version, featuring Brady on the box cover.[35]

text: Various U.S. lotteries have included instant lottery tickets based on Let's Make a Deal.[36]

text: In 1999, the website BuyBidWin.com[37]licensed the rights to Let's Make a Deal as it launched a website featuring Monty Hall.

text: In 1999, Shuffle Master teamed up with Bally's to do a video slot machine game based on the show with the voice and likeness of Monty Hall.

text: In 2004, IGT (International Gaming Technology) did a new video slot game based on the show still featuring Monty Hall.

text: In 2004, the now defunct website GameShow24.com was going to release a beta game based on Let's Make a Deal.

text: In 2012, a Facebook game based on the Wayne Brady[38]version was released by RealNetwork's GameHouse.

text: In 2013, Aristocrat Technology did an all-new video slot machine game based on the Wayne Brady version.

text: The Monty Hall Problem[edit]

text: The Monty Hall Problem, also called the Monty Hall paradox, is a veridical paradox because the result appears impossible but is demonstrably true. The Monty Hall problem, in its usual interpretation, is mathematically equivalent to the earlier Three Prisoners problem, and both bear some similarity to the much older Bertrand's box paradox. The problem examines the counterintuitive effect of switching one's choice of doors, one of which hides a "prize".

text: The problem has been analyzed many times, in books, articles and online.[39][40] In an interview with The New York Times reporter John Tierney in 1991, Hall gave an explanation of the solution to that problem, stating that he played on the psychology of the trader, and why the solution did not apply to the case of the actual show.[41]


document_title: Hannah John-Kamen

question_text: what episode of black mirror was hannah john kamen in

text: Hannah John-Kamen

text: Early life[edit]

text: John-Kamen was born in Anlaby, East Yorkshire, England, the youngest of three children of a Nigerian forensic psychologist father and a Norwegian former fashion model mother.[2] She has an older brother and an older sister. She attended primary school in Kirk Ella, received her secondary education at Hull Collegiate School[3] and trained at the National Youth Theatre in London.[4] In 2012, she graduated from the Central School of Speech and Drama.

text: Career[edit]

text: John-Kamen began her career in 2011 when she provided her voice for the video game Dark Souls. She went on to make episode appearances in television series Misfits (2011), Black Mirror (2011), Whitechapel (2012), The Syndicate (2012), The Midnight Beast (2012) and The Hour (2012).

text: In 2012, John-Kamen landed the lead role of Viva in Viva Forever!, a West End musical based on the songs of the Spice Girls.[5] Written by Jennifer Saunders and produced by Judy Craymer, Viva Forever! premiered on 11 December 2012 at the Piccadilly Theatre[6] to largely negative reviews. The Daily Mirror, however, praised John-Kamen's performance, noting, "It's a shame a talented cast, especially Hannah John-Kamen's Viva and the rest of Eternity, are let down by a clichéd plot and leaden dialogue."[7] The show was closed on 29 June 2013.

text: 2015 saw John-Kamen land a starring role in SyFy's Killjoys.[8][9] In 2016 John-Kamen had a guest starring role on HBO's Game of Thrones.[10] In 2016, she appeared in "Playtest", an episode of the anthology series Black Mirror.[11] She also appeared in season two of the UK series The Tunnel.

text: On John-Kamen's role in Steven Spielberg's Ready Player One, Kristen Tauer wrote: "While much of Ready Player One takes place in a virtual reality world, John-Kamen's character is unique in that she is rooted in the reality throughout the film."[12] Also in 2018, Kamen played villain Ghost in the superhero film Ant-Man and the Wasp.[13]

text: Personal life[edit]

text: John-Kamen plays the piano and is trained in ballet, cabaret, jazz dance, salsa, and tap dance.[4]

text: Filmography[edit]

text: Film[edit]

text:
Year

Title

Role

Director

Notes

2015

Star Wars: The Force Awakens

First Order Officer #1

J.J. Abrams

2018

Tomb Raider

Sophie

Roar Uthaug

Ready Player One

F'Nale Zandor

Steven Spielberg

Ant-Man and the Wasp

Ava Starr / Ghost

Peyton Reed

text: Television[edit]

text:
Year

Title

Role

Notes

2011

Misfits

Carly

Episode #3.6

Black Mirror

Selma

Episode "Fifteen Million Merits"

2012

Whitechapel

Roxy

2 episodes

The Syndicate

Young Shop Assistant

Episode #1.2

The Midnight Beast

Pizza Girls

Episode: "Someone Called Sam"

The Hour

Rosa Maria Ramírez

4 episodes

2014

Death in Paradise

Yasmin Blake

Series 3; Episode 6

Happy Valley

Justine

2015

Cucumber

Violet

The Ark

Nahlab

Television film

Banana

Violet

2015–present

Killjoys

Dutch / Aneela

Main role

2016

The Tunnel: Sabotage

Rosa Persaud

Game of Thrones

Ornela

Episodes: "Oathbreaker", "Book of the Stranger"

Black Mirror

Sonja

Episode: "Playtest"

text: Video games[edit]

text:
Year

Title

Role

Notes

2011

Dark Souls

Lord's Blade Ciaran

Voice role

2014

Dark Souls II

Sweet Shalquoir

text: Stage[edit]

text:
Year

Title

Role

Theatre

Notes

2012

Viva Forever!

Viva

Piccadilly Theatre

From 11 December 2012 to 29 June 2013[6]