document_title: Land of the Lost (film)

question_text: who played chaka in the land of the lost

root

text: Land of the Lost (film)

text: Plot[edit]

text: Pompous paleontologist Rick Marshall has a low-level job at the La Brea Tar Pits, three years after a disastrous interview with Matt Lauer of Today became a viral video and ruined his career. Doctoral candidate Holly Cantrell tells him that his controversial theories combining time warps and paleontology inspired her. She shows him a fossil with an imprint of a cigarette lighter that he recognizes as his own along with a crystal made into a necklace that gives off strong tachyon energy. She convinces him to finish his tachyon amplifier and come help her on a seemingly routine expedition to the cave where Holly found the fossil, which is in the middle of nowhere. With cave gift shop owner Will Stanton they raft into the cave, where Marshall has detected high levels of tachyons. He activates the tachyon amplifier, triggering an earthquake that opens a time warp into which the raft falls. The group finds themselves in a desert, filled with various items from many eras, and without the amplifier. They rescue a primate-like creature, Cha-Ka of the Pakuni tribe, who becomes their friend and guide.

tag: p

text: The gang spends a night in a cave after surviving a meeting with a fast, intelligent Tyrannosaurus they nickname "Grumpy", who stalks Marshall for calling him stupid.  Marshall receives a telepathic message begging for help and finds himself in ancient ruins. The group encounters a race of lizard men called Sleestaks before meeting the one who sent Marshall the telepathic message, Enik the Altrusian. He explains that he was exiled by the evil Zarn who is attempting to take over Earth with his Sleestak minions, but Enik can prevent this if Marshall retrieves the tachyon amplifier.

text: The group stumble upon a desert where many things from across time end up and they encounter many Compsognathus, Dromaeosaurs, Grumpy, and a female Allosaurus. The Allosaurus and Grumpy battle it out over a previously killed ice-cream seller until they sense Marshall and chase him. Marshall kills the Allosaurus with liquid nitrogen and finds that the amplifier was eaten by the Allosaurus. The amplifier is then stolen by a Pteranodon and taken to its nest. The group arrives at the nest and Marshall lightly steps through the Pteranodon eggs to retrieve the amplifier, but when he reaches it, it stops broadcasting the soundtrack to Marshall's favorite musical A Chorus Line. When the eggs begin to hatch, Holly realizes that the music was acting as a sort of lullaby keeping the baby Pteranodons asleep. Marshall, Will and Holly belt out "I Hope I Get It", with Cha-ka inexplicably joining in, displaying an impressive singing voice.

text: Marshall, Will and Cha-ka celebrate their good fortune. Meanwhile, Holly pockets a dinosaur egg and learns from a recording left by the long-deceased Zarn that Enik deceived them and he is actually the one planning to invade Earth. But she is captured by the Sleestaks to be brought to the Library of Skulls for judgment. The others save her from being executed for helping Enik, but the villain—now possessing the amplifier, and mind-controlling the Sleestaks—leaves them to open a portal to Earth. Marshall pole vaults into Grumpy's mouth and after removing an intestinal blockage, befriends him. He joins the others to defeat the Sleestak army and confront Enik. After the crystal link between the Land of the Lost and Earth is shattered, Enik reveals the portal will close forever. Thinking fast, Marshall grabs Holly's crystal and inserts it into the port, knowing that the substitute crystal won't hold for long. Will chooses to stay behind to live a better life and to prevent Enik from following Marshall and Holly back to Earth, learning later that female Pakuni are very attractive.

text: A triumphant Marshall again appears on Today with the dinosaur egg Holly brought back to promote his new book Matt Lauer Can Suck It. The egg left behind on the Today set hatches a baby Sleestak, which hisses as the screen goes black.

text: Cast[edit]

text:
Will Ferrell as Dr. Rick Marshall, a renowned paleontologist and author, determined to prove his theory on time warps, thus embarking on a time travel experiment.
Anna Friel as Holly Cantrell, Rick's biggest fan.
Danny McBride as Will Stanton, a gift shop owner who takes Holly and Rick to a tachyon rich cave.
Jorma Taccone as Cha-Ka
John Boylan as Enik who plans to invade and conquer Earth, and deceives Rick and the others into believing otherwise; he also controls the Sleestak.
Matt Lauer as Himself
Leonard Nimoy as voice of The Zarn
Douglas Tait as Sleestak

tag: ul

text: The original actors who played Holly and Will in the TV series, Kathy Coleman and Wesley Eure, filmed cameos for the film.[4] However, the final version of the film cut these scenes.[4] Bobb'e J. Thompson, Kiernan Shipka (uncredited), Dylan Sprayberry, and Sierra McCormick appeared in a cameo as Tar Pit Kids and Raymond Ochoa as an uncredited boy in a museum.[5]

text: Production[edit]

text: Production for the film began on March 4, 2008. Only one week's worth of filming was shot using a large-scale soundstage with green screen technology.[6] The rest of filming took place on location in places such as the Dumont Dunes in the Mojave Desert, the La Brea Tar Pits in Hancock Park, and Trona, California.[citation needed]

text: Marketing[edit]

text: The first trailer was shown during Super Bowl XLIII. Subway Restaurants, which paid to appear in the film and had cross promotions with (appearing on their cups), unveiled the second trailer exclusively on their website. JW Marriott Hotels and Pop Rocks also purchased rights to market with film tie-ins.[7] Syfy aired a marathon of the original series on Memorial Day in 2009 in coordination with the studio to have frequent film clips and an interview with Sid and Marty Krofft.[8] After the film's release, another marathon aired on Chiller on June 6. The majority of the first two seasons were also made available on Hulu. Ahead of the film's release, Universal also released the complete series on DVD; it had previously been released by Rhino Home Video. The entire series is also available via download from Xbox Live. Two different games were released online to promote the film. "Chakker" was available to play on the film's official Web site while "Crystal Adventure" was a free downloadable game for iPhones from Kewlbox. Both Subway and MapQuest hosted an online sweepstakes on their respective Web sites with various movie-related merchandise given away as prizes. Both sweepstakes ran from May 18 through June 7 of 2009. Ferrell also appeared on the season 4 premiere of Man vs. Wild, which aired June 2, 2009, to promote the film.

text: Music[edit]

text: The score to Land of the Lost was composed by Michael Giacchino, who recorded his score with an 88-piece ensemble of the Hollywood Studio Symphony and a 35-person choir.[9] On May 10, it was also announced by Dave Mustaine on TheLiveLine that some music from Megadeth would appear in the film.[10] Whether this would be music from the new record was not entirely clear, however during the phone message Mustaine stated that there was new music playing in the background of the message. However parts of the song "The Right to Go Insane", from the 2009 album Endgame, can be heard near the end of the film. In the film, Rick Marshall sings the original Land of the Lost theme and two other tracks (Tracks 5 and 27) utilize parts of the theme as well., The musical A Chorus Line plays a part in the story, and Ferrell sings Cher's 1998 dance pop hit "Believe". Varèse Sarabande released the soundtrack album on June 9, 2009 (tracks 30-32 are bonus tracks).

text: Differences from original series[edit]

text: The film serves as a parody of the original TV series, similar to Starsky & Hutch and The Brady Bunch Movie.[citation needed] In the original series, the main characters were the father and two children. While the first names remain the same, the film converts the Holly character into an unrelated research assistant to allow for more risque humor because she is the main character's love interest.[11]  Will, instead of being a son, is an amusement park operator and survivalist.[12]  Rick Marshall is a paleontologist in the film, not a park ranger as in the original series. The film's budget also uses CGI special effects rather than the puppet and stop motion animation effects that defined the original series."[13]  While the original Saturday morning show targeted a child audience, the film was designed for a more adult audience and includes profanity, sex, and a drug reference, among other adult-oriented items.[14]

text: Reception[edit]

text: Critical response[edit]

text: Rotten Tomatoes reports an approval rating of 26% based on 188 reviews, with an average rating of 4.1/10. The site's critical consensus reads, "Only loosely based on the original TV series, Land of the Lost is decidedly less kid-friendly and feels more like a series of inconsistent sketches than a cohesive adventure comedy."[15] On Metacritic the film has a weighted average score of 32 out of 100, based on 32 critics, indicating "generally unfavorable reviews".[16] Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "C+" on an A+ to F scale.[17]

text: The Wall Street Journal stated that it "isn't worth the celluloid it's printed on", Entertainment Weekly remarked that "it leaves you feeling splattered", the New York Daily News called it "a high-concept disaster", The Christian Science Monitor labeled it "resolutely uninspired", The Hollywood Reporter labeled it "lame", and The Miami Herald commented that "the whole thing feels at least three summers too stale." A few critics professed admiration for it, notably Roger Ebert who gave the film three stars out of four and wrote:

text:
“

The dinosaurs are so obviously not really there in shots where they menace humans that you could almost say their shots are about how they're not really there. Confronted with such effects, the actors make not the slightest effort to appear terrified, amazed or sometimes even mildly concerned. Some might consider that a weakness. I suspect it is more of a deliberate choice, and I say I enjoyed it.[18]

”

tag: table

text: Empire magazine's Sam Toy put the film #8 on his best of the year list.[19] On February 1, 2010, the film led the 30th Golden Raspberry Awards with seven nominations (tied with Transformers: Revenge of the Fallen) including Worst Picture, Worst Actor (Ferrell), Worst Director (Silberling), Worst Screenplay, Worst Supporting Actor (Taccone), Worst Screen Couple (Ferrell and any co-star, creature or "comic riff") and Worst Prequel, Remake, Rip-off or Sequel. The film won the Worst Prequel, Remake, Rip-off or Sequel award.[20] While at the Savannah Film Festival in 2011, Ron Meyer (president of Universal Pictures), said that "Land of the Lost was just crap. I mean, there was no excuse for it. The best intentions all went wrong."[21][22]

text: Awards[edit]

text:
Award

Category

Nominee

Result

Golden Raspberry Award

Worst Actor

Will Ferrell

Nominated

Worst Screen Couple

Nominated

Any co-star, creature or "comic riff"

Nominated

Worst Director

Brad Silberling

Nominated

Worst Picture

Universal Pictures

Nominated

Worst Screenplay

Dennis McNicholas and Chris Henchy

Nominated

Worst Supporting Actor

Jorma Taccone

Nominated

Worst Prequel, Remake, Rip-off or Sequel

Won

text: Box office[edit]

text: On its opening day of June 5, the film was a box office flop by grossing only $7.9 million. The film performed under expectations in its first weekend in theaters, its $19 million opening was far less than the expected $30 million. The film's box office results fell far behind that of the 2009 comedy The Hangover, which opened during the same weekend.[23][24] The film's opening weekend gross was about two-thirds what Universal reportedly expected to earn.[25] It made $69 million worldwide.[3] In 2014, the Los Angeles Times listed the film as one of the most expensive box office flops of all time.[26]

text: Home media[edit]

text: The DVD was released on October 13, 2009, with sales reaching $20,286,563 as of August 2011.[3]


document_title: Vitamin B12 deficiency

question_text: a severe vitamin b12 deficiency results in what form of anemia

text: Vitamin B12 deficiency

text: Signs and symptoms[edit]

text: Vitamin B12 deficiency can lead to anemia and neurologic dysfunction.[8] A mild deficiency may not cause any discernible symptoms, but as the deficiency becomes more significant, symptoms of anemia may result, such as weakness, fatigue, light-headedness, rapid heartbeat, rapid breathing and pale color to the skin. It may also cause easy bruising or bleeding, including bleeding gums. GI side effects including sore tongue, stomach upset, weight loss, and diarrhea or constipation. If the deficiency is not corrected, nerve cell damage can result. If this happens, vitamin B12 deficiency may result in tingling or numbness to the fingers and toes, difficulty walking, mood changes, depression, memory loss, disorientation and, in severe cases, dementia.

text: The main syndrome of vitamin B12 deficiency is pernicious anemia. It is characterized by a triad of symptoms:

text:
Anemia with bone marrow promegaloblastosis (megaloblastic anemia). This is due to the inhibition of DNA synthesis (specifically purines and thymidine)
Gastrointestinal symptoms: alteration in bowel motility, such as mild diarrhea or constipation, and loss of bladder or bowel control.[9] These are thought to be due to defective DNA synthesis inhibiting replication in a site with a high turnover of cells. This may also be due to the autoimmune attack on the parietal cells of the stomach in pernicious anemia. There is an association with GAVE syndrome (commonly called watermelon stomach) and pernicious anemia.[10]
Neurological symptoms: Sensory or motor deficiencies (absent reflexes, diminished vibration or soft touch sensation), subacute combined degeneration of spinal cord, seizures,[11][12][13][14] or even symptoms of dementia[15] and or other psychiatric symptoms may be present. Deficiency symptoms in children include developmental delay, regression, irritability, involuntary movements and hypotonia.[16]

tag: ol

text: The presence of peripheral sensory-motor symptoms or subacute combined degeneration of spinal cord strongly suggests the presence of a B12 deficiency instead of folate deficiency. Methylmalonic acid, if not properly handled by B12, remains in the myelin sheath, causing fragility. Dementia and depression have been associated with this deficiency as well, possibly from the under-production of methionine because of the inability to convert homocysteine into this product. Methionine is a necessary cofactor in the production of several neurotransmitters.

text: Each of those symptoms can occur either alone or along with others. The neurological complex, defined as myelosis funicularis, consists of the following symptoms:

text:
Impaired perception of deep touch, pressure and vibration, loss of sense of touch, very annoying and persistent paresthesias
Ataxia of dorsal chord type
Decrease or loss of deep muscle-tendon reflexes
Pathological reflexes — Babinski, Rossolimo and others, also severe paresis

text: Vitamin B12 deficiency can cause severe and irreversible damage, especially to the brain and nervous system. These symptoms of neuronal damage may not reverse after correction of hematological abnormalities, and the chance of complete reversal decreases with the length of time the neurological symptoms have been present.

text: Tinnitus may be associated with vitamin B12 deficiency.[17]

text: Psychological[edit]

text: Vitamin B12 deficiency can also cause symptoms of mania and psychosis, fatigue, memory impairment, irritability, depression, ataxia, and personality changes.[18][19][20] In infants symptoms include irritability, failure to thrive, apathy, anorexia, and developmental regression.[21][22]

text: Causes[edit]

text:
Inadequate dietary intake of vitamin B12. Vitamin B12 occurs in animal products (eggs, meat, milk) and recent research indicates it may also occur in some algae, such as Chlorella[23][24][25] and Susabi-nori (Porphyra yezoensis).[26][27] B12 isolated from bacterial cultures is also added to many fortified foods, and available as a dietary supplement.[28] Vegans, and also vegetarians but to a lesser degree, may be at risk for B12 deficiency due to inadequate dietary intake of B12, if they do not supplement. However, B12 deficiency can occur even in people who consume meat, poultry, and fish.[29] Children are at a higher risk for B12 deficiency due to inadequate dietary intake, as they have fewer vitamin stores and a relatively larger vitamin need per calorie of food intake.
Selective impaired absorption of vitamin B12 due to intrinsic factor deficiency. This may be caused by the loss of gastric parietal cells in chronic atrophic gastritis (in which case, the resulting megaloblastic anemia takes the name of "pernicious anemia"), or may result from wide surgical resection of stomach (for any reason), or from rare hereditary causes of impaired synthesis of intrinsic factor.
Impaired absorption of vitamin B12 in the setting of a more generalized malabsorption or maldigestion syndrome. This includes any form of structural damage or wide surgical resection of the terminal ileum (the principal site of vitamin B12 absorption).
Forms of achlorhydria (including that artificially induced by drugs such as proton pump inhibitors and histamine 2 receptor antagonists) can cause B12 malabsorption from foods, since acid is needed to split B12 from food proteins and salivary binding proteins.[30] This process is thought to be the most common cause of low B12 in the elderly, who often have some degree of achlorhydria without being formally low in intrinsic factor. This process does not affect absorption of small amounts of B12 in supplements such as multivitamins, since it is not bound to proteins, as is the B12 in foods.[31]
Surgical removal of the small bowel (for example in Crohn's disease) such that the patient presents with short bowel syndrome and is unable to absorb vitamin B12. This can be treated with regular injections of vitamin B12.
Long-term use of ranitidine hydrochloride may contribute to deficiency of vitamin B12.[32]
Untreated celiac disease may also cause impaired absorption of this vitamin, probably due to damage to the small bowel mucosa. In some people, vitamin B12 deficiency may persist despite treatment with a gluten-free diet and require supplementation.[33]
Some bariatric surgical procedures, especially those that involve removal of part of the stomach, such as Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery. (Procedures such as the adjustable gastric band type do not appear to affect B12 metabolism significantly).[citation needed]
Bacterial overgrowth in parts of the small bowel are thought to be able to absorb B12. An example occurs in so-called blind loop syndrome.[citation needed]
The diabetes medication metformin may interfere with B12 dietary absorption.[34]
Hereditary causes such as severe MTHFR deficiency, homocystinuria, and transcobalamin deficiency.[citation needed]
Malnutrition of alcoholism.
Nitrous oxide abuse.[35]
Infection with the Diphyllobothrium latum tapeworm

text: Mechanism[edit]

text: The total amount of vitamin B12 stored in the body is between two and five milligrams in adults. Approximately 50% is stored in the liver, but approximately 0.1% is lost each day, due to secretions into the gut—not all of the vitamin in the gut is reabsorbed. While bile is the main vehicle for B12 excretion, most of the B12 secreted in bile is recycled via enterohepatic circulation. Due to the extreme efficiency of this mechanism, the liver can store three to five years worth of vitamin B12 under normal conditions and functioning.[36] However, the rate at which B12 levels may change when dietary intake is low depends on the balance between several variables.[37]

text: Metabolic[edit]

text: Vitamin B12 deficiency causes particular changes to the metabolism of 2 clinically relevant substances in humans:

text:
Homocysteine (homocysteine to methionine, catalysed by methionine synthase) leading to hyperhomocysteinemia may lead to varicose veins[citation needed]
Methylmalonic acid (methylmalonyl-CoA to succinyl-CoA, of which methylmalonyl-CoA is made from methylmalonic acid in a preceding reaction)

text: Methionine is activated to S-adenosyl methionine, which aids in purine and thymidine synthesis, myelin production, protein/neurotransmitters/fatty acid/phospholipid production and DNA methylation. 5-Methyl tetrahydrofolate provides a methyl group, which is released to the reaction with homocysteine, resulting in methionine. This reaction requires cobalamin as a cofactor. The creation of 5-methyl tetrahydrofolate is an irreversible reaction. If B12 is absent, the forward reaction of homocysteine to methionine does not occur, and the replenishment of tetrahydrofolate stops.[38]

text: Because B12 and folate are involved in the metabolism of homocysteine, hyperhomocysteinuria is a non-specific marker of deficiency. Methylmalonic acid is used as a more specific test of B12 deficiency.

text: Pathomorphology[edit]

text: A spongiform state of neural tissue along with edema of fibers and deficiency of tissue. The myelin decays, along with axial fiber. In later phases, fibric sclerosis of nervous tissues occurs. Those changes apply to dorsal parts of the spinal cord and to pyramidal tracts in lateral cords. The pathophysiologic state of the spinal cord is called subacute combined degeneration of spinal cord.[39]

text: In the brain itself, changes are less severe: They occur as small sources of nervous fibers decay and accumulation of astrocytes, usually subcortically located, and also round hemorrhages with a torus of glial cells. Pathological changes can be noticed as well in the posterior roots of the cord and, to lesser extent, in peripheral nerves. Abnormalities might be observed in MRI.[40]

text: Diagnosis[edit]

text: Serum B12 levels are often low in B12 deficiency, but if other features of B12 deficiency are present with normal B12 then further investigation is warranted. One possible explanation for normal B12 levels in B12 deficiency is antibody interference in people with high titres of intrinsic factor antibody.[41] Some researchers propose that the current standard norms of vitamin B12 levels are too low.[42] One Japanese study states the normal limits as 500–1,300 pg/mL.[43] Range of vitamin B12 levels in humans is considered as normal: >300 pg/mL; moderate deficiency: 201–300 pg/mL; and severe deficiency: <201 pg/mL.[44]

text: Serum vitamin B12 tests results are in pg/mL (picograms/milliliter) or pmol/L (picomoles/liter). The laboratory reference ranges for these units are similar, since the molecular weight of B12 is approximately 1000, the difference between mL and L. Thus: 550 pg/mL = 400 pmol/L.

text: Serum homocysteine and methylmalonic acid levels are considered more reliable indicators of B12 deficiency than the concentration of B12 in blood.[45] The levels of these substances are high in B12 deficiency and can be helpful if the diagnosis is unclear.

text: Routine monitoring of methylmalonic acid levels in urine is an option for people who may not be getting enough dietary B12, as a rise in methylmalonic acid levels may be an early indication of deficiency.[46]

text: If nervous system damage is suspected, B12 analysis in cerebrospinal fluid is possible, though such an invasive test should be considered only if blood testing is inconclusive.[47]

text: The Schilling test has been largely supplanted by tests for antiparietal cell and intrinsic factor antibodies.[citation needed]

text: Effect of folic acid[edit]

text: The National Institutes of Health has found that "Large amounts of folic acid can mask the damaging effects of vitamin B12 deficiency by correcting the megaloblastic anemia caused by vitamin B12 deficiency without correcting the neurological damage that also occurs", there are also indications that "high serum folate levels might not only mask vitamin B12 deficiency, but could also exacerbate the anemia and worsen the cognitive symptoms associated with vitamin B12 deficiency".[2] Due to the fact that in the United States legislation has required enriched flour to contain folic acid to reduce cases of fetal neural-tube defects, consumers may be ingesting more than they realize.[48] To counter the masking effect of B12 deficiency the NIH recommends "folic acid intake from fortified food and supplements should not exceed 1,000 μg daily in healthy adults."[2] Most importantly, B12 deficiency needs to be treated with B12 repletion. Limiting folic acid will not counter the irrevocable neurological damage that is caused by untreated B12 deficiency.[citation needed]

text: Treatment[edit]

text: B12 can be supplemented by pill or injection and appear to be equally effective in those with low levels due to absorption problems.[3]

text: When large doses are given by mouth its absorption does not rely on the presence of intrinsic factor or an intact ileum. Generally 1 to 2 mg daily is required as a large dose.[49] Even pernicious anemia can be treated entirely by the oral route.[50][51][52] These supplements carry such large doses of the vitamin that 1% to 5% of high oral doses of free crystalline B12 is absorbed along the entire intestine by passive diffusion.

text: Very high doses of B12 over many years has been linked to an increase in lung cancer risk in male smokers.[53]

text: Epidemiology[edit]

text: In the developing world the deficiency is very widespread, with significant levels of deficiency in Africa, India, and South and Central America. This is theorized to be due to low intakes of animal products, particularly among the poor.[54]

text: B12 deficiency is more common in the elderly.[54] This is because B12 absorption decreases greatly in the presence of atrophic gastritis, which is common in the elderly.

text: The 2000 Tufts University study found no correlation between eating meat and differences in B12 serum levels, likely due to a combination of fortified foods and B12 absorption disorders.[29]

text: Veterinary medicine[edit]

text: Ruminants, such as cows and sheep, absorb B12 produced by bacteria in their guts.[55] For gut bacteria of ruminants to produce B12 the animal must consume sufficient amounts of cobalt in order for B12 to be synthesized.[56] In the early 20th century during the development for farming of the North Island Volcanic Plateau of New Zealand, cattle suffered from what was termed "bush sickness". It was discovered that the volcanic soils lacked the cobalt salts essential for the cattle food chain.[57][56] The "coast disease" of sheep in the Ninety Mile Desert of the Southeast of South Australia in the 1930s was found to originate in nutritional deficiencies of the trace elements, cobalt and copper. The cobalt deficiency was overcome by the development of "cobalt bullets", dense pellets of cobalt oxide mixed with clay given orally for lodging in the animal's rumen.[56][58]


document_title: List of the largest trading partners of India

question_text: share of export from india is the maximum to the following country

text: Largest trading partners[edit]

text: India's largest trade partners with their total trade (sum of imports and exports) in billions of US dollars for the financial year 2017–18 were as follows:[6]

text:
Rank
Country
Exports
Imports
Total Trade
Trade Balance

1

 China

16.34

68.06

84.4

-51.72

2

 United States

48.6

25.7

74.3

22.9

3

 United Arab Emirates
30.29

19.45

49.74

10.84

4

 Saudi Arabia
6.39

20.32

26.72

-13.93

5

  Switzerland
0.98

19.30

20.28

-18.32

6

 Germany

7.09

12.09

20.33

-5.25

7

 Hong Kong

13.7

20.34

34.04

-6.64

8

 Indonesia

2.82

13.13

19.05

-10.96

9

 South Korea

3.52

13.05

18.13

-8.93

10

 Malaysia

3.71

9.08

16.93

-5.30

11

 Singapore
7.72

7.31

16.93

2.68

12

 Nigeria

2.22

9.95

16.36

-11.00

13

 Belgium

5.03

8.26

16.33

-5.29

14

 Qatar

0.90

9.02

15.66

-13.55

15

 Japan

4.66

9.85

15.52

-4.75

16

 Iraq

1.00

10.84

15.08

-13.42

17

 Kuwait

1.25

4.97

14.58

-12.18

18

 United Kingdom

8.83

5.19

14.34

4.30

19

 Iran

2.78

6.28

13.13

-4.78

20

 Australia

3.26

8.90

13.03

-7.47

21

 Venezuela

0.13

5.70

11.99

-11.47

22

 South Africa

3.59

5.95

11.72

-3.40

-

Remaining Countries
126.78

104.92

231.70

21.86

India's Total

262.29

381.01

758.30

-137.63

text: Countries of which India is the largest trading partner[edit]

text: India is the primary export or import partner of several countries. The percentages on these tables are based on 2017 data as shown on the CIA World Factbook.

text:
Exports[7]

Region
Percentage

 Bhutan
95.3%

 Guinea-Bissau
67.1%

 Afghanistan
56.5%

   Nepal
53.1%

 Nigeria
30.6%

 Mozambique
28.1%

 Ghana
23.8%

 Tanzania
21.8%

 Iraq
21.2%

 United Arab Emirates
10.1%

Imports[8]

Region
Percentage

 Bhutan
89.5%

   Nepal
70.2%

 Sri Lanka
22.0%

 Burundi
18.5%

 Mauritius
17.9%

 Tanzania
16.5%

text: Export partners[edit]

text: India exports approximately 7500 commodities to about 192 countries.[9] India exported US$ 264 billion worth of commodities in 2015.[10][11] The following table shows India's 11 largest destinations for exports:

text:
Rank

Country

Value (US$ billion)

Share of overall exports

1

 United States

40.4

15.3%

2

 United Arab Emirates

30.3

11.5%

3

 Hong Kong

12.2

4.6%

4

 China

9.5

3.6%

5

 United Kingdom

8.9

3.4%

6

 Singapore

7.8

3%

7

 Germany

7

2.7%

8

 Saudi Arabia

7

2.7%

9

 Sri Lanka

5.5

2.1%

10

 Bangladesh

5.5

2.1%

11

 Vietnam

5.3

2%

text: Import partners[edit]

text:
India imports around 6000 commodities from 140 countries.[12] India imported $390.7 billion worth of commodities in 2015, down by 15% from the previous year.[13]
[14] The following table shows India's 11 largest sources of imports:

text:
Rank

Country

Value (US$ billion)

Share of overall imports

1

 China

61.5

15.8%

2

 Saudi Arabia

21.4

5.5%

3

  Switzerland

21.1

5.4%

4

 United States

20.5

5.2%

5

 United Arab Emirates

20.3

5.2%

6

 Indonesia

13.9

3.5%

7

 South Korea

13.1

3.4%

8

 Germany

11.8

3%

9

 Iraq

11.3

2.9%

10

 Nigeria

10.2

2.6%

11

 Qatar

9.7

2.5%


document_title: Beautiful: The Carole King Musical

question_text: who plays carole king in beautiful on broadway

text: Beautiful: The Carole King Musical

text: Productions[edit]

text: San Francisco pre-Broadway tryout (2013)[edit]

text: Beautiful: The Carole King Musical had a pre-Broadway try-out in San Francisco, California, at the Curran Theatre from September 24, 2013 through October 20, with an official opening October 8. The production was staged by Marc Bruni, with choreography by Josh Prince and musical direction by Jason Howland. Jessie Mueller played Carole King.[1] The musical sold out its entire run at the Curran Theatre.[2]

text: Original Broadway Production (2014)[edit]

text: The musical opened on Broadway at the Stephen Sondheim Theatre on January 12, 2014, after previews from November 12, 2013. In addition to Mueller as King, the cast features Jake Epstein as Gerry Goffin, Anika Larsen as Cynthia Weil and Jarrod Spector as Barry Mann.[3] King attended the April 3, 2014 performance and appeared on stage with the cast at the curtain call, singing "You've Got a Friend" together with them.[4]

text: Original London Production (2015-2017)[edit]

text: A production in London's West End opened on February 25, 2015, following previews beginning February 10, 2015, at the Aldwych Theatre.[5] Prior to the announcement, Baz Bamigboye from the Daily Mail reported that producers are looking for a full British cast for the transfer, meaning that Jessie Mueller would not transfer for the London production. On September 25, 2014, it was announced that British actress Katie Brayben would take the lead role of Carole King,[6] with further casting including Alan Morrissey as Gerry Goffin, Gary Trainor as Don Kirshner, Glynis Barber as Genie Klein, Lorna Want as Cynthia Weil and Ian McIntosh as Barry Mann.[7] Beginning November 30, 2015, Cassidy Janson took the lead role of Carole King and Diane Keen replace Glynis Barber in the role of Genie Klein.[8] it was announced on May 23, 2017 that the London production would close August 5, 2017. [9]

text: U.S. Tour (2015-16)[edit]

text: The musical began a U.S. tour starting in September 2015 in Providence, Rhode Island, at the Providence Performing Arts Center, with engagements across the United States, ending in San Francisco in August 2016.[10] The role of Carole King was played by Abby Mueller (the sister of Jessie Mueller), with Liam Tobin as Gerry Goffin, Ben Fankhauser as Barry Mann and Becky Gulsvig as Cynthia Weil.[11]

text: UK Tour (2017-18)[edit]

text: A UK tour began September 2017 at the Alhambra Theatre in Bradford and ends at the New Theatre in Oxford in May 2018, starring former Over the Rainbow contestant Bronté Barbé as Carole King.

text: Australian Tour (2017-18)[edit]

text: An Australian tour began in Sydney on 24 September 2017 at the Lyric Theatre.[12] Esther Hannaford leads the production, playing Carole King.[13] The musical opened in Melbourne at Her Majesty's Theatre on 22 February 2018. In Brisbane, performances began at the Lyric Theatre, QPAC on Friday 13 July 2018 running through to Sunday 2nd September 2018.

text: Synopsis[edit]

text: From the Beautiful: The Carole King Musical cast recording booklet

text: Act I[edit]

text: At Carnegie Hall in 1971, Carole King sings "So Far Away". Then, in Brooklyn 1958, 16-year-old Carole tells her mother, Genie, she is going into Manhattan to try to sell a song to music publisher Donnie Kirshner. In the long tradition of mothers, Genie is opposed to her daughter's wish and in the equally long tradition of teenagers not caring about their mother's opinion, Carole goes anyway. At 1650 Broadway, she hears the "1650 Broadway Medley". She then sings her new song "It Might As Well Rain Until September". Donnie says he will take it and hopes she has others. At Queens College, Carole meets a handsome young lyricist named Gerry Goffin. They agree to collaborate, musically and romantically, which in both cases turns out to be a fertile arrangement. When they go to Donnie's to play their new song, Carole confesses to Gerry that she is pregnant. Gerry asks her to marry him. It gives her an extra depth of feeling when she sings their new song for Donnie, "Some Kind of Wonderful", which The Drifters then record.

text: They get an office at 1650. While there, Carole meets a new lyricist Cynthia Weil ("Happy Days Are Here Again"), who is looking for a composer to work with. Gerry and Carole sing their new song "Take Good Care of My Baby", during which Barry Mann, the composer with the office next door, enters. Barry meets Cynthia and they decide to collaborate. As they begin to work, sparks fly. Donnie tells them he needs a song for the Shirelles. The couples compete for the job. In Donnie's office the next morning, Carole and Gerry present "Will You Love Me Tomorrow". Cynthia and Barry perform "He's Sure the Boy I Love". Donnie picks Carole and Gerry's song for The Shirelles and it goes to no. 1. And so, on either side of the same wall, a competition is born. The two teams turn out an amazing parade of songs: "Up on the Roof", "On Broadway", "The Loco-Motion" and "You've Lost That Lovin' Feelin'".

text: Gerry and Carole are at the taping of a TV special where their new song, "One Fine Day", is being performed by the dazzling Janelle Woods. During a break, Gerry confesses to Carole that he is restless in their marriage. He wants to sleep with Janelle, and he doesn't want to lie about it. Carole is stunned. As the song begins again, she takes it over and sings it herself.

text: Act II[edit]

text: Carole is in a recording studio doing a demo of "Chains". Gerry is off with Janelle but tells her he will meet her later! Nick, a guitarist, asks Carole to come sing at the Bitter End sometime but she declines — she's a songwriter, not a singer. The thing with Gerry is getting her down so she goes and talks to Cynthia who is also having trouble with Barry — they split up. Carole decides to tell Gerry he has to end the affair with Janelle. As she leaves, Barry comes in. He and Cynthia make up and play their new song, "Walking in the Rain". Gerry shows up, but he is not making sense. He eventually has a breakdown. At the hospital, he tells Carole he will end the affair with Janelle and that he wants to come home. She suggests they make a new start and move to the suburbs ("Pleasant Valley Sunday").

text: Barry, Cynthia and Donnie come to see the new house. Barry plays their new song, "We Gotta Get Out of This Place". Depressed that he and Carole can't do as well, Gerry leaves in a funk for the city. While he is gone, it comes out that Barry and Cynthia have seen him with another woman, a singer named Marilyn Wald. Carole goes to Marilyn's apartment and Gerry is there. It's the final straw, and she ends their marriage. At the Bitter End, where Barry and Cynthia hear their song "Uptown", Carole explains she went to Los Angeles for a vacation and has started writing on her own. Nick, the guitarist from the studio who asked her to sing with his group, is playing there and urges her to sing. She sings her new song, "It's Too Late". She decides to move to Los Angeles. At 1650, she says goodbye to Donnie, Barry and Cynthia and plays them a parting present "You've Got a Friend". Surprisingly there is no reference to her great friend James Taylor in the show, who did backing vocals on Tapestry and had a huge hit with the song.

text: In Los Angeles, she records her album, Tapestry. The session goes well until the last song, which she is afraid to sing. It's a song she wrote with Gerry and she is afraid of the feelings it may stir up. Her producer, Lou Adler, persuades her. She sings "(You Make Me Feel Like) A Natural Woman". The album is a smash. Carole is at Carnegie Hall for her concert, but has a restless night of sleep. She dreams of herself coming to a frightening revelation - that in order for beauty to triumph, all that is ugly in this world must be cut out first. A plain-looking audience member is dragged onto the stage at random and beaten to death by the other actors as Carole directly implores the audience to go home and undertake a great purge of all that is ugly and useless to purify this fallen world. As Carole awakens, she realizes that she has already spread this message via the song "Beautiful" at Carnegie Hall with Gerry the previous night, and it is too late to retract it now. Speechless, she sits at the piano as society collapses around her.

text: Music[edit]

text: Musical numbers[edit]

text:
Act 1
"So Far Away" - Carole King
"Oh Carol" - Neil Sedaka†
"1650 Broadway Medley" - Ensemble
"It Might as Well Rain Until September" - Carole King
"Be-Bop-A-Lula" - Ensemble†
"Some Kind of Wonderful" - Carole King, Gerry Goffin and The Drifters
"Happy Days Are Here Again" - Cynthia Weil
"Take Good Care of My Baby" - Gerry Goffin and Carole King
"Who Put the Bomp" - Barry Mann†
"Will You Love Me Tomorrow" - Carole King
"He's Sure the Boy I Love" - Cynthia Weil and Barry Mann
"Will You Love Me Tomorrow" - The Shirelles
"Up on the Roof" - Gerry Goffin and The Drifters
"On Broadway" - The Drifters
"The Locomotion" - Little Eva and Ensemble
"You've Lost That Lovin' Feeling" - Barry Mann and The Righteous Brothers
"One Fine Day" - Janelle, Backup Singers and Carole King

Act 2
"Chains" - Carole King and Ensemble
"Walking in the Rain" - Barry Mann and Cynthia Weil
"Pleasant Valley Sunday" - Marilyn Wald, Gerry Goffin and Ensemble
"We Gotta Get Out of This Place" - Barry Mann
"Will You Love Me Tomorrow" (Reprise) - Carole King†
"Uptown" - "Uptown" Singer and Ensemble
"It's Too Late" - Carole King
"You've Got a Friend" - Carole King, Barry Mann, Cynthia Weil and Don Kirshner
"(You Make Me Feel Like) A Natural Woman" - Carole King and Ensemble
"Beautiful" - Carole King and Company
"I Feel the Earth Move" - Carole King and Company

text: † Not included on the original Broadway Cast Album.

text: Orchestra[edit]

text: The musical uses a 12-member orchestra consisting of three keyboards, two guitars, bass, drums, percussion, two reeds, trumpet/flugelhorn, and trombone/bass trombone.[14][15] In addition the performer playing Carole King plays the piano if it is Katie Brayben (London) whereas Jessie Mueller (Broadway) needed piano lessons so she could mime.[16]

text: Recordings[edit]

text: The Broadway cast album was recorded in February 2014 by Ghostlight Records and was released in digital form on April 1, 2014. It was in stores as of May 13, 2014. (The Broadway cast album includes the song "You've Got a Friend", although that song is not listed in the opening night playbill.) The album was also released on a vinyl format.[17][18]

text: Principal roles and original casts[edit]

text:
Character

Broadway Cast

West End Cast[19]

U.S. Tour Cast

Japan Cast

U.K. Tour Cast

Australian Tour Cast

Carole King

Jessie Mueller

Katie Brayben

Abby Mueller

Nana Mizuki Ayaka Hirahara

Bronté Barbé

Esther Hannaford

Gerry Goffin

Jake Epstein

Alan Morrissey

Liam Tobin

Kanata Irei

Kane Oliver Parry

Josh Piterman

Cynthia Weil

Anika Larsen

Lorna Want

Becky Gulsvig

Sonim

Amy Ellen Richardson

Amy Lehpamer

Barry Mann

Jarrod Spector

Ian McIntosh

Ben Fankhauser

Akinori Nakagawa

Matthew Gonsalves

Mat Verevis

Don Kirshner

Jeb Brown

Gary Trainor

Curt Bouril

Shinji Takeda

Adam Howden

Mike McLeish

Genie Klein

Liz Larsen

Glynis Barber

Suzanne Grodner

Miyuki Tsurugi

Carol Royle

Anne Wood

Betty

Rebecca LaChance

Joanna Woodward

Sarah Bockel

Ayaka Larrison

Leigh Lothian

Stefanie Caccamo

Neil Sedaka/Righteous Brother/Lou Adler

Kevin Duda

Ed Currie

John Michael Dias

Gen Yamada

Ben Morris

Jason Arrow

Lucille/Shirelle/"One Fine Day" Backup Singer

Carly Hughes

Danielle Steers

Salisha Thomas

Natsuko Takagi

Paige Miller

Ruva Ngwenya

The Drifters

E. Clayton Cornelious, Douglas Lyons, Arbender J. Robinson, James Harkness

Matthew Elliot Campbell, Khalid Daley, Matt Mills,  Simeon Montague

Shirelle/Janelle Woods

Rashidra Scott

Tanisha L. Spring

Rebecca E. Covington

Eliana

Jessica Joslin

Akina Edmonds

 Shirelle/Little Eva/"One Fine Day" Backup Singer

Ashley Blanchet

Lucy St. Louis

Ashley Blanchet

MARIA-E

Esme Laudat

Chloé Zuel

Shirelle/"One Fine Day" Backup Singer/"Uptown" Singer

Alysha Deslorieux

Tanya Nicole-Edwards

Britney Coleman

Marie Sugaya

Paige Miller

Rebecca Selley

Righteous Brother/Nick

Josh Davis

Dylan Turner

Andrew Brewer

Yasuhiro Yamano

Grant McConvey

Andrew Cook

Marilyn Wald

Sara King

Vivien Carter

DeLaney Westfall

Sayaka Watabiki

Emma Lucia

Naomi Price

text: Notable cast replacements[edit]

text:
Melissa Benoist plays the role of Carole from June 7th, 2018 to August 4th, 2018.
Diane Keen replaced Glynis Barber in the role of Genie Klein on the West End on November 30, 2015.[20]
Jessica Keenan Wynn played Cynthia Weil until July 8th, 2018
Kara Lindsay returned to play Cynthia Weil on July 10th, 2018[21]

text: Critical reception[edit]

text: Ben Brantley, reviewing for The New York Times, called the musical a "friendly, formulaic bio-musical". He wrote that the musical shows the change in King from a modest songwriter to the popular and confident performer of those songs, showing the "real, conflicted person within the reluctant star."[22]

text: Jesse Green, in his review for the New York Magazine, praised the performers but criticized the book, writing that the musical does not have the "dramatic coherence of book biomusicals".[23] Similarly, Elyse Sommer, in her review for curtainup.com, praised the performers, especially Mueller, Spector and Larsen, as well as the "shimmery lighting" and the costumes. She wrote that while the musical "doesn't hang its songs on the greatest or most suspenseful story ever told, it has enough bounce and Broadway show glitz to keep you in your seat".[24]

text: Awards and nominations[edit]

text: Original Broadway production[edit]

text:
Year

Award

Category

Nominee

Result

2014

Tony Award

Best Musical

Nominated

Best Book of a Musical

Douglas McGrath

Nominated

Best Leading Actress in a Musical

Jessie Mueller

Won

Best Featured Actor in a Musical

Jarrod Spector

Nominated

Best Featured Actress in a Musical

Anika Larsen

Nominated

Best Orchestrations

Steve Sidwell

Nominated

Best Sound Design

Brian Ronan

Won

Drama Desk Award

Outstanding Musical

Nominated

Outstanding Book of a Musical

Douglas McGrath

Nominated

Outstanding Actress in a Musical

Jessie Mueller

Won

Outstanding Featured Actress in a Musical

Anika Larsen

Won

Outstanding Orchestrations

Steve Sidwell

Nominated

Outstanding Sound Design in a Musical

Brian Ronan

Won

2015

Grammy Award

Best Musical Theater Album

Jessie Mueller (principal soloist); Jason Howland, Steve Sidwell & Billy Jay Stein (producers)

Won

text: Original London production[edit]

text:
Year

Award Ceremony

Category

Nominee

Result

2015

Laurence Olivier Award

Best New Musical

Nominated

Best Actress in a Musical

Katie Brayben

Won

Best Actor in a Supporting Role in a Musical

Ian McIntosh

Nominated

Best Actress in a Supporting Role in a Musical

Lorna Want

Won

Best Theatre Choreographer

Josh Prince

Nominated

Best Costume Design

Alejo Vietti

Nominated

Best Sound Design

Brian Ronan

Nominated

Outstanding Achievement in Music

The Orchestra

Nominated

text: Film adaptation[edit]

text: On March 22, 2015, it was announced that Sony Pictures would be bringing the musical to the big screen with Douglas McGrath adapting his book into a screenplay and stage producer Paul Blake producing through Tom Hanks and Gary Goetzman's production company, Playtone.[25]

text: Producers[edit]

text: The producers of the original Broadway production include: Paul Blake, Sony/ATV Music Publishing, Jeffery A. Sine, Richard A. Smith, Mike Bosner, Harriet Newman Leve, Elaine Krauss, Terry Schnuck, Orin Wolf, Patty Baker, Roger Faxon, Larry Magrid, Kit Seidel, Lawrence S. Toppall, Fakston Productions, Mary Soloman, William C. Cohen, John Gore, Barbara Freitag, Loraine Alterman Boyle, Matthew C. Blank, Tim Hogue, Joel Hyatt, Marianne Mills, Michael J. Moritz Jr., StylesFour Production, Corey Brunish, Brisa Trinchero, Jeremiah J. Harris, Sherry Kondor (Executive Producer), Christine Russell (Executive Producer).[26]


document_title: The Princess Diaries (film)

question_text: who did mandy moore play in princess diaries

text: The Princess Diaries (film)

text: Plot[edit]

text: Teenager Mia Thermopolis lives with her artist mother, Helen, and her cat, Fat Louie in a remodeled San Francisco firehouse. A somewhat awkward and unpopular girl, Mia has a fear of public speaking, and often wishes to be "invisible". She has a crush on Josh Bryant, but is frequently teased by both him and his cheerleader girlfriend, Lana Thomas. Mia’s only friendships are in the form of the equally unpopular Lilly Moscovitz and Lilly's brother, Michael, who secretly has a crush on Mia.

text: Just before her sixteenth birthday, Mia learns that her paternal grandmother, Clarisse, is visiting from Genovia, a small European kingdom. When Mia goes to meet her grandmother at a large house (later revealed to be the Genovian consulate), Clarisse reveals she is actually Queen Clarisse Renaldi, and that her son, Mia’s late father, was Crown Prince of Genovia. Mia is stunned to learn she is a princess and heir to the Genovian throne. In shock, Mia runs home and angrily confronts her mother, who explains she had planned to tell Mia on her eighteenth birthday, but that her father’s death has forced the matter. Queen Clarisse visits and explains that if Mia refuses the throne, Genovia will be without a ruler (a subplot involves a scheming baron and his unsightly baroness quietly rooting for Mia's downfall). Helen persuades a hesitant Mia to attend "princess lessons" with the Queen, telling her she does not have to make her decision until the upcoming Genovian Independence Day ball.

text: Mia is given a glamorous makeover, the use of a limousine, and a bodyguard (the Queen’s head of security, Joe). This and Mia's frequent absences from the lessons make Lilly suspicious and jealous, and she accuses Mia of trying to be like the popular girls. Mia breaks down and tells Lilly everything and swears her to secrecy. However, the San Francisco Chronicle learns that Mia is the Genovian Crown Princess after royal hairdresser Paolo breaks his confidentiality agreement (so his work would be known), causing a press frenzy, and a sudden surge in popularity at school for Mia. In a craven urge for fame, many of her classmates bluff that they are friends of the princess to reporters.

text: At a state dinner, Mia embarrasses herself with her clumsiness, delighting her rivals for the crown. However, all is not lost, as the situation amuses a stuffy diplomat, and the Queen tells Mia the next day that she found it fun. Deciding it is time the two bonded as grandmother and granddaughter, the Queen allows Mia to take her out for the day to the Musée Mécanique, an amusement arcade. The day almost ends terribly when Mia's car stalls on a hill and rams backward into a cable car, but Queen Clarisse saves the day by "appointing" the attending police officer and the tram driver to the Genovian "Order of the Rose" (something she clearly made up on the spot), flattering them into dropping any charges. Mia sees this and is impressed with her grandmother.

text: Later, Mia is delighted when Josh Bryant invites her to a beach party, but her acceptance hurts Lilly and Michael, with whom she had plans. Things go awry when the press arrive, tipped off by Lana. Josh uses Mia to get his fifteen minutes of fame by publicly kissing her, while Lana tricks Mia into changing in a tent, pulling it away as the paparazzi arrive, giving them a scandalous shot of Mia in a towel. The photos appear on tabloid covers the next day, leaving Queen Clarisse furious at Mia. A humiliated Mia tells Clarisse that she is renouncing the throne, feeling she is nowhere near ready to be a true princess. Joe later reminds the Queen that although Mia is a princess, she is still a teenager, and her granddaughter.

text: Back at school, Mia rescues her friendships with Lilly and Michael by inviting them to the Genovian Independence Day Ball, and gets back at Josh by hitting a baseball into his groin during gym class. She finally stands up to Lana in defense of Jeremiah, whom Lana was mocking, by smearing ice cream on Lana's cheerleader outfit and declaring that, while Mia has a chance to grow out of her awkward ways, Lana will always be a jerk. The teachers do not interfere, knowing full well that Lana deserved it. While Lilly is excited at the prospect of attending a royal ball, Michael, heartbroken over Mia's initial feelings for Josh, turns her down. Clarisse apologizes to Mia for being furious at her over the beach incident, and states that she must publicly announce her decision to renounce becoming princess of Genovia. Mia, terrified at this large responsibility placed upon her, plans to run away. However, when she finds a letter from her late father, his touching words make her change her mind, and she makes her way to the ball. Mia’s car breaks down in the rain, but she is rescued by Joe, who had suspected she was going to run.

text: When they arrive, a drenched and untidy Mia voices her acceptance of her role as Princess of Genovia. After changing into an opulent ballgown, Mia accompanies Clarisse to the ballroom, where she is formally introduced and invited to dance. Michael, accepting an apologetic gift from Mia (a pizza with M & M candies cleverly topped to say "sorry"), arrives at the ball, and after a quick dance, they adjourn to the courtyard. Mia confesses her feelings to him, stating that even when she was constantly teased and embarrassed at school, Michael liked her for whom she truly was. Mia shares her first kiss with Michael, while Clarisse and Joe are seen holding hands. In the final scene, Mia is shown on a private plane with Fat Louie, writing in her diary, explaining that she is moving with her mother to Genovia, just as the beautiful royal palace and landscape come into view below.

text: Cast[edit]

text:
Julie Andrews as Queen Clarisse Renaldi
Anne Hathaway as Mia Thermopolis
Héctor Elizondo as Joseph
Heather Matarazzo as Lilly Moscovitz
Mandy Moore as Lana Thomas
Caroline Goodall as Helen Thermopolis, Mia's mother
Robert Schwartzman as Michael Moscovitz
Erik von Detten as Josh Bryant
Patrick Flueger as Jeremiah Hart
Sean O'Bryan as Patrick O'Connell, Mia's Debate teacher
Sandra Oh as Vice Principal Geraldine Gupta
Kathleen Marshall as Charlotte Kutaway
Mindy Burbano as Gym teacher Ms. Anita Harbula
René Auberjonois as Voice of Philippe Renaldi
Larry Miller as Paolo Puttanesca
Patrick Richwood as Mr. Robutusen
Mayor Willie Brown as himself
Fat Louie as himself

text: Production[edit]

text: Filming took place from September 18 to December 8, 2000. The film was produced by Whitney Houston and Debra Martin Chase and directed by Garry Marshall. Anne Hathaway was cast for the role of Mia because Garry Marshall's granddaughters saw her audition tape and said she had the best "princess hair."[4] According to Hathaway, the first choice for the role of Mia Thermopolis was Liv Tyler, but the studio preferred to cast unfamiliar faces.[5]

text: Héctor Elizondo, who appears in all the films which Marshall directs,[6] plays Joe, the head of Genovian security. Marshall's daughter, Kathleen, plays Clarisse's secretary Charlotte Kutaway. Charlotte's surname is mentioned only in the credits, and Garry Marshall says it is a reference to how she is often used in cutaway shots. In one scene, Robert Schwartzman's real-life group Rooney makes a cameo playing a garage band named Flypaper, whose lead singer is Michael, played by Schwartzman. The Cable car tourist was portrayed by Kathy Garver.

text: The book was set in New York City, but the film's location was changed to San Francisco. West Coast radio personalities Mark & Brian appear as themselves.[citation needed]

text: Soundtrack[edit]

text: Reception[edit]

text: The film opened in 2,537 theaters in North America and grossed $22,862,269 in its opening weekend. It grossed $165,335,153 worldwide—$108,248,956 in North America and $57,086,197 in other territories.[2]

text: Critical response[edit]

text: Review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes reports that 47% of 113 film critics gave the film a positive review, with a rating average of 5.2/10. The site's consensus reads, "A charming, if familiar, makeover movie for young teenage girls."[7] Metacritic, which assigns a weighted average score out of 100 to reviews from mainstream critics, gives the film a score of 52 based on 27 reviews.[8]

text: Accolades[edit]

text:
Year
Award
Category
Nominee
Result

2002
ALMA Award
Outstanding Song in a Motion Picture Soundtrack
"Miracles Happen" by Myra
Nominated

ASCAP
Top Box Office Film
John Debney
Won

Artios Award
Best Casting for Feature Film, Comedy
Marcia Ross, Donna Morong, Gail Goldberg
Nominated

BFCA Award
Best Family Film - Live Action

Nominated

Golden Trailer Award
Best Animation/Family

Nominated

Hollywood Makeup Artist Hair Stylist Guild Award
Best Contemporary Makeup - Feature
Hallie D'Amore, Leonard Engelman
Nominated

MTV Movie Award
Breakthrough Female Performance
Anne Hathaway
Nominated

Teen Choice Award
Choice Movie: Actress, Comedy
Anne Hathaway
Nominated

Choice Movie: Comedy

Nominated

Young Artist Award
Best Family Feature Film - Comedy

Nominated

text: Sequel[edit]

text: A sequel, The Princess Diaries 2: Royal Engagement, was released on August 11, 2004, with Garry Marshall returning to direct and Debra Martin Chase to produce the sequel. Unlike the first film, it is not based on any of the books. Most of the cast returned for the sequel, including Anne Hathaway, Julie Andrews, Héctor Elizondo, Heather Matarazzo, and Larry Miller. New cast and characters include Viscount Mabrey (John Rhys-Davies), Lord Nicholas Devereaux (Chris Pine), and Andrew Jacoby (Callum Blue).


document_title: List of National Basketball Association seasons played leaders

question_text: who's played the most years in the nba

question_tokens: who 's played the most years in the nba

text: Seasons played leaders[edit]

text: Following is a list of players who have played the most seasons in the NBA.

text:
^

Active NBA player

*

Inducted into the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame

†

Not yet eligible for Hall of Fame consideration [22]

§

1st time nominee for Hall of Fame in 2018 [23]

text:
Rank

Player

Position

Team(s)

Seasons

1
Robert Parish*

C

Golden State Warriors (1976–1980)
Boston Celtics (1980–1994)
Charlotte Hornets (1994–1996)
Chicago Bulls (1996–1997)

21

Kevin Willis [a]

PF / C

Atlanta Hawks (1984–1995, 2004–2005)
Miami Heat (1994–1996)
Golden State Warriors (1996)
Houston Rockets (1996–1998, 2001–2002)
Toronto Raptors (1998–2001)
Denver Nuggets (2001)
San Antonio Spurs (2002–2004)
Dallas Mavericks (2007)

Kevin Garnett†

PF / C

Minnesota Timberwolves (1995–2007, 2015–2016)
Boston Celtics (2007–2013)
Brooklyn Nets (2013–2015)

4
Kareem Abdul-Jabbar*

C

Milwaukee Bucks (1969–1975)
Los Angeles Lakers (1975–1989)

20

Kobe Bryant†

SG

Los Angeles Lakers (1996–2016)

Vince Carter^

SG/SF

Toronto Raptors (1998–2004)
New Jersey Nets (2004–2009)
Orlando Magic (2009–2010)
Phoenix Suns (2010–2011)
Dallas Mavericks (2011–2014)
Memphis Grizzlies (2014–2017)
Sacramento Kings (2017–2018)
Atlanta Hawks (2018–present)

Dirk Nowitzki^

PF

Dallas Mavericks (1998–present)

8
Moses Malone*

C

Buffalo Braves (1976)
Houston Rockets (1976–1982)
Philadelphia 76ers (1982–1986, 1993–1994)
Washington Bullets (1986–1988)
Atlanta Hawks (1988–1991)
Milwaukee Bucks (1991–1993)
San Antonio Spurs (1994–1995)

19

James Edwards

C

Los Angeles Lakers (1977, 1992–1994)
Indiana Pacers (1977–1981)
Cleveland Cavaliers (1981–1983)
Phoenix Suns (1983–1988)
Detroit Pistons (1988–1991)
Los Angeles Clippers (1991–1992)
Portland Trail Blazers (1994–1995)
Chicago Bulls (1995–1996)

John Stockton*

PG

Utah Jazz (1984–2003)

Karl Malone*

PF

Utah Jazz (1985–2003)
Los Angeles Lakers (2003–2004)

Charles Oakley

PF / C

Chicago Bulls (1985–1988, 2001–2002)
New York Knicks (1988–1998)
Toronto Raptors (1998–2001)
Washington Wizards (2002–2003)
Houston Rockets (2004)

Shaquille O'Neal*

C

Orlando Magic (1992–1996)
Los Angeles Lakers (1996–2004)
Miami Heat (2004–2008)
Phoenix Suns (2008–2009)
Cleveland Cavaliers (2009–2010)
Boston Celtics (2010–2011)

Juwan Howard

PF / C

Washington Bullets / Wizards (1994–2001)
Dallas Mavericks (2001–2002, 2007–2008)
Denver Nuggets (2002–2003, 2008)
Orlando Magic (2003–2004)
Houston Rockets (2004–2007)
Charlotte Bobcats (2008–2009)
Portland Trail Blazers (2009–2010)
Miami Heat (2010–2013)

Jason Kidd*

PG

Dallas Mavericks (1994–1996, 2008–2012)
Phoenix Suns (1996–2001)
New Jersey Nets (2001–2008)
New York Knicks (2012–2013)

Tim Duncan†

PF / C

San Antonio Spurs (1997–2016)

Paul Pierce†

SG/SF

Boston Celtics (1998–2013)
Brooklyn Nets (2013–2014)
Washington Wizards (2014–2015)
Los Angeles Clippers (2015–2017)

Jason Terry^

G

Atlanta Hawks (1999–2004)
Dallas Mavericks (2004–2012)
Boston Celtics (2012–2013)
Brooklyn Nets (2013–2014)
Houston Rockets (2014–2016)
Milwaukee Bucks (2016–present)


document_title: That's the Way Love Goes (Merle Haggard album)

question_text: merle haggard that's the way love goes songs

question_tokens: merle haggard that 's the way love goes songs

text: Background[edit]

text: Haggard had loved Lefty Frizzell's "That's the Way Love Goes" since he first heard the song took a stab at recording it towards the end of his tenure with Capitol Records in the mid-seventies with unsatisfactory results. That version, which can be found on the box set Hag: The Studio Recordings 1969-1976, is more lighthearted and whimsical than the one Haggard would record in 1983, which possesses a delicate melancholy that somehow becomes uplifting mainly because of Haggard's masterful delivery of the words. The song topped the Billboard country singles chart, as did "Someday When Things Are Good," a song co-authored by Haggard and his wife Leona Williams. It also proved to be prophetic, as the couple would divorce that year. Williams had also written Haggard's recent hit "You Take Me For Granted," but Williams, who replaced Haggard's previous wife Bonnie Owens in the Strangers, had creative aspirations of her own that were not always appreciated by her husband. As Haggard wrote in his 1981 autobiography Sing Me Back Home, "I'd reached the point in my career where I felt in charge of my music...When Leona tried to make a suggestion, I resented it. She resented my resentment. So it went. She kept saying she felt like an outsider...I couldn't understand why she got so upset by the press leaning toward good ol' Bonnie and the snide remarks about Leona coming in and breaking up my 'happy home.'"[1] The divorce would instigate a personal landslide for Haggard, who would spend the rest of the decade losing himself in a fog of alcohol and drugs, although initially it did not prevent him from scoring #1 hits. In fact, That's The Way Love Goes was his third hit LP for Epic in two years, not counting two separate duet albums with George Jones and Willie Nelson. While discussing his own song "Bad Boy" in the liner notes to Great Days: The John Prine Anthology, John Prine admitted, "Around that time, I fell under the spell of Merle Haggard's songwriting. There was a period there when he just seemed to be churning out some really great stuff. He was bringing out great albums every six or eight months, and I considered 'Bad Boy' sort of in the vein of what he was doing."

text: Overall, That's The Way Love Goes offers a more laid back feel than Haggard's recent LPs, demonstrating the singer's emotive vocal range on several ballads like "What Am I Gonna Do (With the Rest of My Life)", which peaked at number 3 and appears to reflect the turmoil with Williams, as does the lilting yet bitter "If You Hated Me." Other tracks feature the bright pop sound that was becoming more predominate on country albums in the eighties, such as "I'm Carrying Fire" and the jazzy "The Last Boat of the Day." The album's closing track, "I Think I'll Stay," sounds like an afterhours blues jam as Haggard croons, "Think I'll stay around till I'm sick of home sweet home..." The album would peak at number 8 on the Billboard country albums chart.

text: Reception[edit]

text:
Professional ratings

Review scores

Source
Rating

Allmusic
[2]

text: Matt Fink of AllMusic rates the album "another decent collection of laidback ballads that lets Haggard display some of the full range of his vocal talents..." John Morthland of Amazon.com: "Here's one of the great, lost Haggard albums...The tone is bleak, funereal, without a single uptempo stomp to break up the succession of one beautiful, heartbreaking ballad after another." At the Grammy Awards of 1985, That's the Way Love Goes won the Grammy Award for Best Male Country Vocal Performance. That's the Way Love Goes was reissued on CD by DCC Compact Classics in 2000, and reissued again along with Going Where the Lonely Go on CD by S & P Records in 2005.[3]

text: Track listing[edit]

text:
"What Am I Gonna Do (With the Rest of My Life)" (Merle Haggard) – 3:35
"(I'm Gonna Paint Me) A Bed of Roses" (Haggard, Bobby Whitson) – 2:11
"Someday When Things Are Good" (Haggard, Leona Williams) – 3:38
"That's the Way Love Goes" (Lefty Frizzell, Sanger D. Shafer) – 3:04
"Carryin' Fire" (Red Lane) – 2:55
"Don't Seem Like We've Been Together All Our Lives" (Haggard) – 2:56
"If You Hated Me" (Haggard, Lane, Dean Holloway) – 2:42
"Love Will Find You" (Haggard) – 2:36
"The Last Boat of the Day" (Hank Cochran, Lane) – 3:40
"I Think I'll Stay" (Haggard) – 4:43

text: Personnel[edit]

text:
Merle Haggard – vocals, guitar
Roy Nichols – guitar
Reggie Young – guitar
Greg Galbraith – guitar
Dave Kirby – guitar
Glenn Martin – guitar
Red Lane – guitar
Norm Hamlet – steel guitar
Dennis Hromek – bass
Mike Leach – bass
Gene Chrisman – drums
Kenny Malone – drums
Biff Adams – drums
Tiny Moore – fiddle, mandolin
Jimmy Balken – fiddle
Bobby Wood – keyboards
Mark Yeary – keyboards
Terry McMillan – harmonica
Don Markham – horns

text: Chart performance[edit]

text:
Chart (1983)
Peak
position

U.S. Billboard Top Country Albums
8


document_title: List of mountain peaks of Himachal Pradesh

question_text: which is the highest peak of himachal pradesh

text:
Name of the peak

Altitude (meters)

Location

Reo Purgyil[1]

6,816

Kinnaur

Gya[1]

6,794

Lahaul and Spiti

Leo Pargial / Reo Purgyil North Peak[2][3]

6,791

Kinnaur

Ninjeri[4]

6,646

Kinnaur

Undung Kangri[5]

6,642

Lahaul and Spiti

Parvati Parvat[6]

6,632

Lahaul and Spiti, Kullu

Manirang

6,597

Kinnaur, Lahaul and Spiti

Granite Peak[4]

6,585

Kinnaur

Rangrik Rang[6]

6,553

Kinnaur

Kullu Pumori[7]

6,553

Lahaul and Spiti

Mulkila

6,520

Lahaul and Spiti

Jorkanden

6,473

Kinnaur

Menthosa[8]

6,443

Chamba

Papsura[6]

6,440

Kullu, Lahaul and Spiti

Dharamsura[6]

6,420

Kullu, Lahaul and Spiti

Gyagar[9]

6,400

Lahaul and Spiti

Dibibokri Pyramid

6,400

Kullu

Gyephang

6,400

Lahaul and Spiti

Phawarang

6,350

Kinnaur

Kangla Tarbo 1

6,315

Lahaul and Spiti

Chau Chau Kang Nilda[1]

6,303

Lahaul and Spiti

Baihali Jot[10]

6,295

Lahaul and Spiti, Chamba

Gang Chua [11]

6,288

Kinnaur

Shigrila

6,230

Lahaul and Spiti

Indrasan

6,220

Kullu

Shikar Beh

6,200

Lahaul and Spiti, Kangra

Ramabang

6,135

Lahaul and Spiti

Shilla[12][13][14]

6,132

Lahaul and Spiti

Mount Yunum (mountain)

6,111

Mukar Beh

6,070

Lahaul and Spiti, Kangra

Gepang Goh

6,050

Lahaul and Spiti

Shipki

6,068

Kinnaur

Kinnaur Kailash[15]

6,050

Kinnaur

Sanakdeik Jot[10]

6,045

Chamba, Lahaul and Spiti

Deo Tibba

6,001

Kullu

Solang

5,975

Kullu

Pir Panjal

5,972

Chamba

Maiwa Kandinoo

5,944

Kullu

Hanuman Tibba

5,860

Kullu/Kangra

Bara Kanda

5,860

Chamba

Pishu

5,672

Kinnaur, Shimla

Manimahesh Kailash

5,660

Chamba

Saltu-Da-Par

5,650

Lahaul and Spiti

Gushu

5,607

Kinnaur, Shimla

Raldang

5,499

Kinnaur

Shitindhar

5,290

Kullu

Srikhand Mahadev

5,182

Kullu

Thamsar

5,080

Chamba

Lachalunga

5,060

Lahaul and Spiti

Murangla

5,060

Lahaul and Spiti

Shringla

4,999

Lahaul and Spiti

Inder Kila

4,940

Kullu

Pin Parbati

4,800

Kullu

Ghoralantinu

4,760

Kullu/Kangra

Chanshal Peak

4,520

Shimla

Patalsu

4,470

Kullu

Gauri Devi Ka Tibba

4,030

Chamba

Nagru

4,020

Mandi

Hargaran

3,850

Lahaul and Spiti

Narshing Tibba

3,730

Chamba

Choordhar

3,647

Shimla/Sirmaur

Shacha

3,540

Kullu

Hatu Peak

3,400

Shimla

Shikari Devi

3,359

Mandi

Karena Peak

3,300

Shimla

Cholang

3,270

Kangra

Kuppar Peak

3,250

Shimla

Kamrunag

3,065

Mandi

Billing Top

3,050

Kangra

Derthu Peak

3,020

Shimla

Devidarh

2,872

Mandi

Shali Tibba

2,870

Shimla

Nag Tikkar

2,780

Shimla

Prashar

2,730

Mandi

Winch Camp

2,700

Mandi