document_title: Femur

question_text: where is the femur located in your body

question_tokens: where is the femur located in your body

text: Femur

text: Structure[edit]

text: The femur is the only bone in the upper leg. The two femurs converge medially toward the knees, where they articulate with the proximal ends of the tibiae. The angle of convergence of the femora is a major factor in determining the femoral-tibial angle. Human females have wider pelvic bones, causing their femora to converge more than in males. In the condition genu valgum (knock knee) the femurs converge so much that the knees touch one another. The opposite extreme is genu varum (bow-leggedness). In the general population of people without either genu valgum or genu varum,  the femoral-tibial angle is about 175 degrees.[3]

text: The femur is the longest and, by most measures, the strongest bone in the human body. Its length on average is 26.74% of a person's height,[4] a ratio found in both men and women and most ethnic groups with only restricted variation, and is useful in anthropology because it offers a basis for a reasonable estimate of a subject's height from an incomplete skeleton.

text: The femur is categorised as a long bone and comprises a diaphysis (shaft or body) and two epiphyses (extremities) that articulate with adjacent bones in the hip and knee.[3]

text: Upper part[edit]

text: The upper or proximal extremity (close to the torso) contains the head, neck, the two trochanters and adjacent structures.[3]

text: The head of the femur, which articulates with the acetabulum of the pelvic bone, comprises two-thirds of a sphere. It has a small groove, or fovea, connected through the round ligament to the sides of the acetabular notch. The head of the femur is connected to the shaft through the neck or collum. The neck is 4–5 cm. long and the diameter is smallest front to back and compressed at its middle. The collum forms an angle with the shaft in about 130 degrees. This angle is highly variant. In the infant it is about 150 degrees and in old age reduced to 120 degrees on average. An abnormal increase in the angle is known as coxa valga and an abnormal reduction is called coxa vara. Both the head and neck of the femur is vastly embedded in the hip musculature and can not be directly palpated. In skinny people with the thigh laterally rotated, the head of the femur can be felt deep as a resistance profound (deep) for the femoral artery.[3]

text:
The transition area between the head and neck is quite rough due to attachment of muscles and the hip joint capsule. Here the two trochanters, greater and lesser trochanter, are found. The greater trochanter is almost box-shaped and is the most lateral prominent of the femur. The highest point of the greater trochanter is located higher than the collum and reaches the midpoint of the hip joint. The greater trochanter can easily be felt. The trochanteric fossa is a deep depression bounded posteriorly by the intertrochanteric crest on medial surface of the greater trochanter.
The lesser trochanter is a cone-shaped extension of the lowest part of the femur neck. The two trochanters are joined by the intertrochanteric crest on the back side and by the intertrochanteric line on the front.[3]

text: A slight ridge is sometimes seen commencing about the middle of the intertrochanteric crest, and reaching vertically downward for about 5 cm. along the back part of the body: it is called the linea quadrata (or quadrate line).

text: About the junction of the upper one-third and lower two-thirds on the intertrochanteric crest is the quadrate tubercle located. The size of the tubercle varies and it is not always located on the intertrochanteric crest and that also adjacent areas can be part of the quadrate tubercel, such as the posterior surface of the greater trochanter or the neck of the femur. In a small anatomical study it was shown that the epiphysial line passes directly through the quadrate tubercle.[5]

text: Body[edit]

text: The body of the femur (or shaft) is long, slender and almost cylindrical in form. It is a little broader above than in the center, broadest and somewhat flattened from before backward below. It is slightly arched, so as to be convex in front, and concave behind, where it is strengthened by a prominent longitudinal ridge, the linea aspera which diverges proximal and distal as the medial and lateral ridge. Proximal the lateral ridge of the linea aspera becomes the gluteal tuberosity while the medial ridge continues as the pectineal line. Besides the linea aspera the shaft has two other bordes; a lateral and medial border. These three bordes separates the shaft into three surfaces: One anterior, one medial and one lateral. Due to the vast musculature of the thigh the shaft can not be palpated.[3]

text: The third trochanter is a bony projection occasionally present on the proximal femur near the superior border of the gluteal tuberosity. When present, it is oblong, rounded, or conical in shape and sometimes continuous with the gluteal ridge.[6] A structure of minor importance in humans, the incidence of the third trochanter varies from 17–72% between ethnic groups and it is frequently reported as more common in females than in males.[7]

text: Lower part[edit]

text: The lower extremity of the femur (or distal extremity) is larger than the upper extremity. It is somewhat cuboid in form, but its transverse diameter is greater than its antero-posterior (front to back). It consists of two oblong eminences known as the condyles.[3]

text: Anteriorly, the condyles are slightly prominent and are separated by a smooth shallow articular depression called the patellar surface. Posteriorly, they project considerably and a deep notch, the Intercondylar fossa of femur, is present between them. The lateral condyle is the more prominent and is the broader both in its antero-posterior and transverse diameters. The medial condyle is the longer and, when the femur is held with its body perpendicular, projects to a lower level. When, however, the femur is in its natural oblique position the lower surfaces of the two condyles lie practically in the same horizontal plane. The condyles are not quite parallel with one another; the long axis of the lateral is almost directly antero-posterior, but that of the medial runs backward and medialward. Their opposed surfaces are small, rough, and concave, and form the walls of the intercondyloid fossa. This fossa is limited above by a ridge, the intercondyloid line, and below by the central part of the posterior margin of the patellar surface. The posterior cruciate ligament of the knee joint is attached to the lower and front part of the medial wall of the fossa and the anterior cruciate ligament to an impression on the upper and back part of its lateral wall.[3]

text: The articular surface of the lower end of the femur occupies the anterior, inferior, and posterior surfaces of the condyles. Its front part is named the patellar surface and articulates with the patella; it presents a median groove which extends downward to the intercondyloid fossa and two convexities, the lateral of which is broader, more prominent, and extends farther upward than the medial.[3]

text: Each condyle is surmounted by an elevation, the epicondyle. The medial epicondyle is a large convex eminence to which the tibial collateral ligament of the knee-joint is attached. At its upper part is the adductor tubercle and behind it is a rough impression which gives origin to the medial head of the gastrocnemius. The lateral epicondyle which is smaller and less prominent than the medial, gives attachment to the fibular collateral ligament of the knee-joint.[3]

text: Development[edit]

text: The femur develops from the limb buds as a result of interactions between the ectoderm and the underlying mesoderm, formation occurs roughly around the fourth week of development.[8]

text: By the sixth week of development, the first hyaline cartilage model of the femur is formed by chondrocytes. Endochondral ossification begins by the end of the embryonic period and primary ossification centers are present in all long bones of the limbs, including the femur, by the 12th week of development. The hindlimb development lags behind forelimb development by 1–2 days.

text: Function[edit]

text: As the femur is the only bone in the thigh, it serves as an attachment point for all the muscles that exert their force over the hip and knee joints. Some biarticular muscles – which cross two joints, like the gastrocnemius and plantaris muscles – also originate from the femur. In all, 23 individual muscles either originate from or insert onto the femur.

text: In cross-section, the thigh is divided up into three separate fascial compartments divided by fascia, each containing muscles. These compartments use the femur as an axis, and are separated by tough connective tissue membranes (or septa). Each of these compartments has its own blood and nerve supply, and contains a different group of muscles. These compartments are named the anterior, medial and posterior fascial compartments.

text: Muscle attachments[edit]

text:
Muscle attachments (seen from the front)
 Muscle attachments (seen from the back)

text:
Muscle
Direction
Attachment[9]

Iliacus muscle
Insertion
Lesser trochanter

Psoas major muscle
Insertion
Lesser trochanter

Gluteus maximus muscle
Insertion
Gluteal tuberosity

Gluteus medius muscle
Insertion
Lateral surface of greater trochanter

Gluteus minimus muscle
Insertion
Forefront of greater trochanter

Piriformis muscle
Insertion
Superior boundary of greater trochanter

Gemellus superior muscle
Insertion
Upper edge of Obturator internus's tendon (indirectly greater trochanter)

Obturator internus muscle
Insertion
Medial surface of greater trochanter

Gemellus inferior muscle
Insertion
Lower edge of Obturator internus's tendon (indirectly greater trochanter)

Quadratus femoris muscle
Insertion
Intertrochanteric crest

Obturator externus muscle
Insertion
Trochanteric fossa

Pectineus muscle
Insertion
Pectineal line

Adductor longus muscle
Insertion
Medial ridge of linea aspera

Adductor brevis muscle
Insertion
Medial ridge of linea aspera

Adductor magnus muscle
Insertion
Medial ridge of linea aspera and the adductor tubercle

Vastus lateralis muscle
Origin
Greater trochanter and lateral ridge of linea aspera

Vastus intermedius muscle
Origin
Front and lateral surface of femur

Vastus medialis muscle
Origin
Distal part of intertrochanteric line and medial ridge of linea aspera

Short head of biceps femoris
Origin
Lateral ridge of linea aspera

Popliteus muscle
Origin
Under the lateral epicondyle

Articularis genu muscle
Origin
Lower 1/4 of anterior femur deep to vastus intermedius

Gastrocnemius muscle
Origin
Behind the adductor tubercle, over the lateral epicondyle and the popliteal facies

Plantaris muscle
Origin
Over the lateral condyle

text: Clinical significance[edit]

text: Fractures[edit]

text: A femoral fracture that involves the femoral head, femoral neck or the shaft of the femur immediately below the lesser trochanter may be classified as a hip fracture, especially when associated with osteoporosis.  Femur fractures can be managed in a pre-hospital setting with the use of a traction splint.

text: Other animals[edit]

text: In primitive tetrapods, the main points of muscle attachment along the femur are the internal trochanter and third trochanter, and a ridge along the ventral surface of the femoral shaft referred to as the adductor crest. The neck of the femur is generally minimal or absent in the most primitive forms, reflecting a simple attachment to the acetabulum. The greater trochanter was present in the extinct archosaurs, as well as in modern birds and mammals, being associated with the loss of the primitive sprawling gait. The lesser trochanter is a unique development of mammals, which lack both the internal and fourth trochanters. The adductor crest is also often absent in mammals or alternatively reduced to a series of creases along the surface of the bone.[10]

text: Some species of whales,[11] snakes, and other non-walking vertebrates have vestigial femurs.

text: One of the earliest known vertebrates to have a femur is the eusthenopteron, a prehistoric lobe-finned fish from the Late Devonian period.

text: Structures analogous to the third trochanter are present in mammals, including some primates.[7]

text: Invertebrates[edit]

text: In invertebrate zoology the name femur appears in arthropodology. The usage is not homologous with that of vertebrate anatomy; the term "femur" simply has been adopted by analogy and refers, where applicable, to the most proximal of (usually) the two longest jointed segments of the legs of the arthropoda. The two basal segments preceding the femur are the coxa and trochanter. This convention is not followed in carcinology but it applies in arachnology and entomology. In myriapodology another segment, the prefemur, connects the trochanter and femur.

text: Additional images[edit]

text:
Position of femur (shown in red). Pelvis and patella are shown as semi-transparent.

View from behind.

View from the front.

Long Bone (Femur)

Muscles of thigh. Lateral view.

Muscles of thigh. Cross section.

Distribution forces of the femur


document_title: Three-point field goal

question_text: when did the nba put in the 3 point line

root

text: Three-point field goal

text: History[edit]

text: The three-point line was first tested at the collegiate level in 1945 in a game between Columbia and Fordham, but it was not kept as a rule. At the direction of Abe Saperstein, the American Basketball League became the first basketball league to institute the rule in 1961. Its three-point line was a radius of 25 feet (7.62 m) from the baskets, except along the sides.[2] The Eastern Professional Basketball League followed in its 1963–64 season.

tag: p

text:
The three-point shot later became popularized by the American Basketball Association (ABA), introduced in its inaugural 1967–68 season.[3][4] ABA commissioner George Mikan stated the three-pointer "would give the smaller player a chance to score and open up the defense to make the game more enjoyable for the fans."[5] During the 1970s, the ABA used the three-point shot, along with the slam dunk, as a marketing tool to compete with the NBA; its ninth and final season concluded in the spring of
1976.[6][7][8]

text: Three years later in June 1979, the NBA adopted the three-point line for a one-year trial for the 1979–80 season,[9][10][11] despite the view of many that it was a gimmick.[12] Chris Ford of the Boston Celtics is widely credited with making the first three-point shot in NBA history on October 12, 1979; the season opener at Boston Garden was more noted for the debut of Larry Bird (and two new head coaches).[13][14] Rick Barry of the Houston Rockets, in his final season, also made one in the same game, and Kevin Grevey of the Washington Bullets made one that Friday night as well.[14][15]

text: The sport's international governing body, FIBA, introduced the three-point line in 1984, at 6.25 m (20 ft 6 in), and it made its Olympic debut in 1988 in Seoul, South Korea.

text: The NCAA's Southern Conference became the first collegiate conference to use the three-point rule, adopting a 22-foot (6.71 m) line for the 1980–81 season.[16][17] Ronnie Carr of Western Carolina was the first to score a three-point field goal in college basketball history on November 29, 1980.[17][18][19] Over the following five years, NCAA conferences differed in their use of the rule and distance required for a three-pointer. The line was as close as 17 ft 9 in (5.41 m) in the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC), and as far away as 22 ft (6.71 m) in the Big Sky.[20][21][22]

text: Used only in conference play for several years, it was adopted by the NCAA in April 1986 for the 1986–87 season at 19 ft 9 in (6.02 m)[23][24][25][26] and was first used in the NCAA Tournament in March 1987.[27] The three-pointer was adopted in women's basketball on an experimental basis for that season at the same distance, and made its use mandatory beginning in 1987–88.[28]  In 2007, the NCAA lengthened the men's distance by a foot to 20 ft 9 in (6.32 m), effective with the 2008–09 season,[29] and the women's line was moved to match the men's in 2011–12.[28] American high schools, along with elementary and middle schools, adopted a 19 ft 9 in (6.02 m) line nationally in 1987, a year after the NCAA.[30] The NCAA used the FIBA three-point line (see below) in the National Invitation Tournament (NIT) in 2018.[31]

text: For three seasons beginning in 1994–95, the NBA attempted to address decreased scoring by shortening the distance of the line from 23 ft 9 in (7.24 m) (22 ft (6.71 m) at the corners) to a uniform 22 ft (6.71 m) around the basket. From the 1997–98 season on, the NBA reverted the line to its original distance of 23 ft 9 in (22 ft at the corners, with a 3-inch differential). Ray Allen is currently the NBA all-time leader in career made three-pointers with 2,973.[32]

text: In 2008, FIBA announced that the distance would be increased by 50 cm (19.7 in) to 6.75 m (22 ft 1 3⁄4 in), with the change being phased in beginning in October 2010. In December 2012, the WNBA announced that it would be using the FIBA distance, starting in 2013. The NBA has discussed adding a four-point line, according to president Rod Thorn.[33]

text: In the NBA, three-point field goals have become increasingly more frequent along the years, with effectiveness increasing slightly. The 1979-80 season had an average 2.2 three-point goals per game and 6.6 attempts (33% effectiveness). The 1989-90 season had an average 4.8 three-point goals per game and 13.7 attempts (35% effectiveness). The 2009-10 season had an average 6.4 three-point goals per game and 18.1 attempts (36% effectiveness). The 2016-17 season had an average 9.7 three-point goals per game and 27.0 attempts (36% effectiveness).[34]

text: Rule specifications[edit]

text:
A three-point line consists of an arc at a set radius measured from the point on the floor directly below the center of the basket, and two parallel lines equidistant from each sideline extending from the nearest end line to the point at which they intersect the arc. In the NBA and FIBA standard, the arc spans the width of the court until it is a specified minimum distance from each sideline. The three-point line then becomes parallel to the sidelines from those points to the baseline. The unusual formation of the three-point line at these levels allows players some space from which to attempt a three-point shot at the corners of the court; the arc would be less than 2 feet (0.61 m) from each sideline at the corners if it was a continuous arc. In the NCAA and American high school standards, the arc spans 180° around the basket, then becomes parallel to the sidelines from the plane of the basket center to the baseline (5 feet 3 inches or 1.60 metres).
The distance of the three-point line to the center of the hoop varies by level:

text:
Arc radius

Minimum distancefrom sidelines

NBA

23 ft 9 in (7.24 m)

3 ft 0 in (0.91 m)

[35]

FIBA, WNBA

22 ft 2 in (6.76 m)

4 ft 1 in (1.24 m)

[36]

NCAA

20 ft 9 in (6.32 m)

4 ft 3 in (1.30 m)

[37]

U.S. high schools

19 ft 9 in (6.02 m)

5 ft 3 in (1.60 m)

[38]

tag: table

text: A player's feet must be completely behind the three-point line at the time of the shot or jump in order to make a three-point attempt; if the player's feet are on or in front of the line, it is a two-point attempt. A player is allowed to jump from outside the line and land inside the line to make a three-point attempt, as long as the ball is released in mid-air.

text: An official raises his/her arm with three fingers extended to signal the shot attempt. If the attempt is successful, he/she raises his/her other arm with all fingers fully extended in manner similar to a football official signifying successful field goal to indicate the three-point goal. The official must recognize it for it to count as three points. Instant replay has sometimes been used, depending on league rules. The NBA,[39] WNBA, FIBA and the NCAA specifically allow replay for this purpose. In NBA, FIBA, and WNBA games, video replay does not have to occur immediately following a shot; play can continue and the officials can adjust the scoring later in the game, after reviewing the video. However, in late game situations, play may be paused pending a review.

text: If a shooter is fouled while attempting a three-pointer and subsequently misses the shot, the shooter is awarded three free-throw attempts. If a player completes a three-pointer while being fouled, the player is awarded one free-throw for a possible 4-point play. Conceivably, if a player completed a three-pointer while being fouled, and that foul was ruled as either a Flagrant 1 or a Flagrant 2 foul, the player would be awarded two free throws for a possible 5-point play.

text: Related concepts[edit]

text: Major League Lacrosse features a two-point line which forms a 15-yard (14 m) arc around the front of the goal. Shots taken from behind this line count for two points, as opposed to the standard one point.

text: In gridiron football, a standard field goal is worth three points; various professional and semi-pro leagues have experimented with four-point field goals. NFL Europe and the Stars Football League adopted a rule similar to basketball's three-point line in which an additional point was awarded for longer field goals; in both leagues any field goal of 50 yards (46 m) or more was worth four points. The Arena Football League awards four points for any successful drop kicked field goal (like the three-point shot, the drop kick is more challenging than a standard place kick, as the bounce of the ball makes a kick less predictable, and arena football also uses narrower goal posts for all kicks than the outdoor game does).

text: During the existence of the World Hockey Association in the 1970s, there were proposals for two-point hockey goals for shots taken beyond an established distance (one proposal was a 44-foot (13.4m) arc, which would have intersected the faceoff circles), but this proposal gained little support and faded after the WHA merged with the NHL. It was widely believed that long-distance shots in hockey had little direct relation to skill (usually resulting more from goalies' vision being screened or obscured), plus with the lower scoring intrinsic to the sport a two-point goal was seen as disruptive of the structure of the game.

text: The Super Goal is a similar concept in Australian rules football, in which a 50-meter (55 yd) arc determines the value of a goal; within the arc, it is the usual 6 points, but 9 points are scored for a "super goal" scored from outside the arc. To date the super goal is only used in pre-season games and not in the season proper.[40]

text: The National Professional Soccer League II, which awarded two points for all goals except those on the power play, also used a three-point line, drawn 45 feet (14 m) from the goal. It has since been adopted by some other indoor soccer leagues.


document_title: Certified Information Systems Security Professional

question_text: eight domains of the csslp common body of knowledge (cbk)

question_tokens: eight domains of the csslp common body of knowledge ( cbk )

text: History[edit]

text: In the mid-1980s, a need arose for a standardized, vendor-neutral certification program that provided structure and demonstrated competence. In November 1988, the Special Interest Group for Computer Security (SIG-CS), a member of the Data Processing Management Association (DPMA), brought together several organizations interested in this goal. The International Information Systems Security Certification Consortium or "(ISC)²" formed in mid-1989 as a non-profit organization.[6]

text: By 1990, the first working committee to establish a Common Body of Knowledge (CBK) had been formed. The first version of the CBK was finalized by 1992, and the CISSP credential was launched by 1994.[7]

text: Certification subject matter[edit]

text: The CISSP curriculum covers subject matter in a variety of Information Security topics.[8] The CISSP examination is based on what (ISC)² terms the Common Body of Knowledge (or CBK). According to (ISC)², "the CISSP CBK is a taxonomy – a collection of topics relevant to information security professionals around the world. The CISSP CBK establishes a common framework of information security terms and principles that allow information security professionals worldwide to discuss, debate and resolve matters pertaining to the profession with a common understanding."[9]

text: From 2015, the CISSP curriculum is divided into eight domains:[10]

text:
Security and Risk Management
Asset Security
Security Engineering
Communications and Network Security
Identity and Access Management
Security Assessment and Testing
Security Operations
Software Development Security[11]

tag: ul

text: Before 2015, it covered ten similar domains.

text: Requirements[edit]

text:
Possess a minimum of five years of direct full-time security work experience in two or more of the (ISC)² information security domains (CBK). One year may be waived for having either a four-year college degree, a master's degree in Information Security, or for possessing one of a number of other certifications.[12] A candidate without the five years of experience may earn the Associate of (ISC)² designation by passing the required CISSP examination, valid for a maximum of six years. During those six years a candidate will need to obtain the required experience and submit the required endorsement form for certification as a CISSP. Upon completion of the professional experience requirements the certification will be converted to CISSP status.[13]
Attest to the truth of their assertions regarding professional experience and accept the CISSP Code of Ethics.[14]
Answer questions regarding criminal history and related background.[15]
Pass the multiple choice CISSP exam with a scaled score of 700 points or greater out of 1000 possible points.[15]
Have their qualifications endorsed by another (ISC)² certification holder in good standing.[16]

text: Concentrations[edit]

text: Holders of CISSP certifications can earn additional certifications in areas of specialty. There are three possibilities:[17]

text:
Information Systems Security Architecture Professional (CISSP-ISSAP)
Information Systems Security Engineering Professional (CISSP-ISSEP), an advanced information security certification issued by (ISC)2 that focuses on the engineering aspects of information security.[18] In October 2014 it was announced that some of its curriculum would be made available to the public by the United States Department of Homeland Security through its National Initiative for Cybersecurity Careers and Studies program.[19] Both ZDNet and Network World have named ISSEP one of tech’s most valuable certifications.[20][21]
Information Systems Security Management Professional (CISSP-ISSMP), an advanced information security certification issued by (ISC)2[22] that focuses on the management aspects of information security.[23] In September 2014, Computerworld rated ISSMP one of the top ten most valuable certifications in all of tech.[24]

tag: ol

text: Ongoing certification[edit]

text: The CISSP credential is valid for three years; most holders renew by submitting Continuing Professional Education (CPE) credits. There is also a yearly membership fee required to maintain certification.[25]

text: Value[edit]

text: In 2005, Certification Magazine surveyed 35,167 IT professionals in 170 countries on compensation and found that CISSPs led their list of certificates ranked by salary. A 2006 Certification Magazine salary survey also ranked the CISSP credential highly, and ranked CISSP concentration certifications as the top best-paid credentials in IT.[26][27]

text: In 2008, another study came to the conclusion that IT professionals with CISSP (or other major security certifications) tend to have salaries $21,000 higher than IT professionals without such certificates.[28] However, there's no proof that there's any cause-and-effect between the certificate and salaries.

text: As of 2017, a study by CyberSecurityDegrees.com[29] surveyed some 10,000 current and historical cyber security job listings that preferred candidates holding CISSP certifications. CyberSecurityDegrees found that these job openings offered an average salary of $17,526 more than the average cyber security salary.

text: ANSI certifies that CISSP meets the requirements of ANSI/ISO/IEC Standard 17024, a personnel certification accreditation program.[2]


document_title: List of Miami Marlins managers

question_text: who is the head coach of the miami marlins

text: List of Miami Marlins managers

text: Key[edit]

text:
#

Number of Marlins managers. Any manager who has two or more separate terms is only counted once.

Win%

Winning percentage: number of wins divided by number of games managed

PA

Playoff appearances: number of times this manager has led the franchise to the playoffs

PW

Playoff wins: number of playoff games won for this manager

PL

Playoff losses: number of playoff games lost for this manager

WS

World Series: number of World Series victories achieved by this manager

Result

Managerial result: how manager ended his tenure with team

Elected to the National Baseball Hall of Fame[14]

Interim manager

*

Won Manager of the Year award

text: Managers[edit]

text: Statistics current through 2017 season

text:
#
Manager
Seasons
W
L
Win%
PA
PW
PL
WS
Result
Ref

01 !1
Lachemann !Rene Lachemann
01 !1993–1996
221
285
.437
-01 !01 !—
-01 !—
-01 !—
-01 !—
Fired
[3]

02 !2
Rojas !Cookie Rojas
02 !1996
1
0
1.000
-01 !-01 !—
-01 !—
-01 !—
-01 !—
Interim
[4]

03 !3
Boles !John Boles
03 !1996
40
35
.533
-01 !-01 !—
-01 !—
-01 !—
-01 !—
Interim
[5]

04 !4
Leyland !Jim Leyland
04 !1997–1998
146
178
.451
01 !1
01 !11
01 !5
-01 !1
Resigned
[6]

50 !—
Boles !John Boles
05 !1999–2001
165
206
.445
-01 !-01 !—
-01 !—
-01 !—
-01 !—
Fired
[5]

05 !5
Perez !Tony Pérez
06 !2001
54
60
.474
-01 !-01 !—
-01 !—
-01 !—
-01 !—
Interim
[7]

06 !6
Torborg !Jeff Torborg
07 !2002–2003
95
105
.475
-01 !—
-01 !—
-01 !—
-01 !—
Fired
[8]

07 !7
McKeon !Jack McKeon*
08 !2003–2005
286
257
.538
01 !1
01 !11
01 !6
-01 !1
Resigned
[9]

08 !8
Girardi !Joe Girardi*
09 !2006
78
84
.481
-01 !—
-01 !—
-01 !—
-01 !—
Fired
[10]

09 !9
Gonzalez !Fredi González
10 !2007–2010
276
279
.497
-01 !—
-01 !—
-01 !—
-01 !—
Fired
[11]

10
Rodriguez !Edwin Rodríguez
11 !2010–2011
78
85
.479
-01 !—
-01 !—
-01 !—
-01 !—
Resigned
[12]

11
Hyde !Brandon Hyde
12 !2011
0
1
.000
-01 !—
-01 !—
-01 !—
-01 !—
Interim
[13]

50 !—
McKeon !Jack McKeon
13 !2011
40
50
.444
-01 !—
-01 !—
-01 !—
-01 !—
Interim
[9]

12
Guillén !Ozzie Guillén
14 !2012
69
93
.426
-01 !—
-01 !—
-01 !—
-01 !—
Fired
[15]

13
Redmond !Mike Redmond
14 !2013–2015
155
207
.428
-01 !—
-01 !—
-01 !—
-01 !—
Fired
[16]

14
Jennings !Dan Jennings
15 !2015
55
69
.443
-01 !—
-01 !—
-01 !—
-01 !—
Interim
[17]

15
Mattingly !Don Mattingly
15 !2016–present
156
167
.483
-01 !—
-01 !—
-01 !—
-01 !—

[18]

Totals
1655
1867
.470
2
22
11
2

text:
Jim Leyland managed the Marlins to their first World Series win in 1997.

Tony Pérez is the only Miami Marlins manager in the Hall of Fame, elected in 2000 as a player.

Jack McKeon (left), seen here with former President of the United States George W. Bush, won Manager of the Year honors and a World Series in his three years managing the Marlins.

Mike Redmond, manager of the Miami Marlins (2013-2015)

Don Mattingly the current Marlins manager

text: Managers with multiple tenures[edit]

text:
#
Manager
Seasons
W
L
Win%
PA
PW
PL
WS
Ref

03 !3
Boles, JohnJohn Boles
1996, 1999–2001
205
241
.460
—
—
—
—
[5]

07 !7
McKeon, JackJack McKeon
2003–2005, 2011
281
257
.522
1
11
6
1
[9]