question_text: how long do you have to wait to be inducted into the mlb hall of fame

text: Inductees[edit]

text: Among baseball fans, "Hall of Fame" means not only the museum and facility in Cooperstown, New York, but the pantheon of players, managers, umpires, executives, and pioneers who have been enshrined in the Hall. The first five men elected were Ty Cobb, Babe Ruth, Honus Wagner, Christy Mathewson and Walter Johnson, chosen in 1936; roughly 20 more were selected before the entire group was inducted at the Hall's 1939 opening. As of  January 2018[update], 323 people had been elected to the Hall of Fame, including 226 former Major League Baseball players, 35 Negro league baseball players and executives, 22 managers, 10 umpires, and 30 pioneers, executives, and organizers. 114 members of the Hall of Fame have been inducted posthumously, including four who died after their selection was announced. Of the 35 Negro league members, 29 were inducted posthumously, including all 24 selected since the 1990s. The Hall of Fame includes one female member, Effa Manley.[5]

text: The newest members elected on January 24, 2018, are players Chipper Jones, Jim Thome, Vladimir Guerrero, and Trevor Hoffman.[6] They were officially inducted on July 29, 2018, alongside players Jack Morris and Alan Trammell.[7]

text: Selection process[edit]

text: Players are currently inducted into the Hall of Fame through election by either the Baseball Writers' Association of America (or BBWAA), or the Veterans Committee,[8] which now consists of four subcommittees, each of which considers and votes for candidates from a separate era of baseball. Five years after retirement, any player with 10 years of major league experience who passes a screening committee (which removes from consideration players of clearly lesser qualification) is eligible to be elected by BBWAA members with 10 years' membership or more who also have been actively covering MLB at any time in the 10 years preceding the election (the latter requirement was added for the 2016 election).[9] From a final ballot typically including 25–40 candidates, each writer may vote for up to 10 players; until the late 1950s, voters were advised to cast votes for the maximum 10 candidates. Any player named on 75% or more of all ballots cast is elected. A player who is named on fewer than 5% of ballots is dropped from future elections. In some instances, the screening committee had restored their names to later ballots, but in the mid-1990s, dropped players were made permanently ineligible for Hall of Fame consideration, even by the Veterans Committee. A 2001 change in the election procedures restored the eligibility of these dropped players; while their names will not appear on future BBWAA ballots, they may be considered by the Veterans Committee.[10] Players receiving 5% or more of the votes but fewer than 75% are reconsidered annually until a maximum of ten years of eligibility (lowered from fifteen years for the 2015 election).[11]

text: Under special circumstances, certain players may be deemed eligible for induction even though they have not met all requirements. Addie Joss was elected in 1978, despite only playing nine seasons before he died of meningitis. Additionally, if an otherwise eligible player dies before his fifth year of retirement, then that player may be placed on the ballot at the first election at least six months after his death. Roberto Clemente's induction in 1973 set the precedent when the writers chose to put him up for consideration after his death on New Year's Eve, 1972.

text:
Lineup for Yesterday
Z is for ZenithThe summit of fame.These men are up there.These men are the game.
— Ogden Nash, Sport magazine (January 1949)[12]

tag: div

text: The five-year waiting period was established in 1954 after an evolutionary process. In 1936 all players were eligible, including active ones. From the 1937 election until the 1945 election, there was no waiting period, so any retired player was eligible, but writers were discouraged from voting for current major leaguers. Since there was no formal rule preventing a writer from casting a ballot for an active player, the scribes did not always comply with the informal guideline; Joe DiMaggio received a vote in 1945, for example. From the 1946 election until the 1954 election, an official one-year waiting period was in effect. (DiMaggio, for example, retired after the 1951 season and was first eligible in the 1953 election.) The modern rule establishing a wait of five years was passed in 1954, although an exception was made for Joe DiMaggio because of his high level of previous support, thus permitting him to be elected within four years of his retirement.

text: Contrary to popular belief, no formal exception was made for Lou Gehrig (other than to hold a special one-man election for him): there was no waiting period at that time, and Gehrig met all other qualifications, so he would have been eligible for the next regular election after he retired during the 1939 season. However, the BBWAA decided to hold a special election at the 1939 Winter Meetings in Cincinnati, specifically to elect Gehrig (most likely because it was known that he was terminally ill, making it uncertain that he would live long enough to see another election). Nobody else was on that ballot, and the numerical results have never been made public. Since no elections were held in 1940 or 1941, the special election permitted Gehrig to enter the Hall while still alive.

text: If a player fails to be elected by the BBWAA within 10 years of his retirement from active play, he may be selected by the Veterans Committee. Following changes to the election process for that body made in 2010 and 2016, it is now responsible for electing all otherwise eligible candidates who are not eligible for the BBWAA ballot—both long-retired players and non-playing personnel (managers, umpires, and executives). From 2011 through 2016, each candidate could be considered once every three years;[13]  now, the frequency depends on the era in which an individual made his greatest contributions.[14] A more complete discussion of the new process is available below.

text: From 2008 to 2010, following changes made by the Hall in July 2007, the main Veterans Committee, then made up of living Hall of Famers, voted only on players whose careers began in 1943 or later. These changes also established three separate committees to select other figures:

text:
One committee voted on managers and umpires for induction in every even-numbered year. This committee voted only twice— in 2007 for induction in 2008 and in 2009 for induction in 2010.
One committee voted on executives and builders for induction in every even-numbered year. This committee conducted its only two votes in the same years as the managers/umpires committee.
The pre–World War II players committee was intended to vote every five years on players whose careers began in 1942 or earlier. It conducted its only vote as part of the election process for induction in 2009.[15]

text: Players of the Negro Leagues have also been considered at various times, beginning in 1971. In 2005 the Hall completed a study on African American players between the late 19th century and the integration of the major leagues in 1947, and conducted a special election for such players in February 2006; seventeen figures from the Negro Leagues were chosen in that election, in addition to the eighteen previously selected. Following the 2010 changes, Negro Leagues figures were primarily considered for induction alongside other figures from the 1871–1946 era, called the "Pre-Integration Era" by the Hall; since 2016, Negro Leagues figures are primarily considered alongside other figures from what the Hall calls the "Early Baseball" era (1871–1949).

text: Predictably, the selection process catalyzes endless debate among baseball fans over the merits of various candidates. Even players elected years ago remain the subjects of discussions as to whether they deserved election. For example, Bill James' book Whatever Happened to the Hall of Fame? goes into detail about who he believes does and does not belong in the Hall of Fame.

text: Changes to Veterans Committee process[edit]

text: The actions and composition of the Veterans Committee have been at times controversial, with occasional selections of contemporaries and teammates of the committee members over seemingly more worthy candidates.[16][17][18][19][20]

text: In 2001, the Veterans Committee was reformed to comprise the living Hall of Fame members and other honorees.[21] The revamped Committee held three elections, in 2003 and 2007, for both players and non-players, and in 2005 for players only. No individual was elected in that time, sparking criticism among some observers who expressed doubt whether the new Veterans Committee would ever elect a player. The Committee members, most of whom were Hall members, were accused of being reluctant to elect new candidates in the hope of heightening the value of their own selection. After no one was selected for the third consecutive election in 2007, Hall of Famer Mike Schmidt noted, "The same thing happens every year. The current members want to preserve the prestige as much as possible, and are unwilling to open the doors."[10] In 2007, the committee and its selection processes were again reorganized; the main committee then included all living members of the Hall, and voted on a reduced number of candidates from among players whose careers began in 1943 or later. Separate committees, including sportswriters and broadcasters, would select umpires, managers and executives, as well as players from earlier eras.

text: In the first election to be held under the 2007 revisions, two managers and three executives were elected in December 2007 as part of the 2008 election process. The next Veterans Committee elections for players were held in December 2008 as part of the 2009 election process; the main committee did not select a player, while the panel for pre–World War II players elected Joe Gordon in its first and ultimately only vote. The main committee voted as part of the election process for inductions in odd-numbered years, while the pre-World War II panel would vote every five years, and the panel for umpires, managers, and executives voted as part of the election process for inductions in even-numbered years.

text: Further changes to the Veterans Committee process were announced by the Hall on July 26, 2010, effective with the 2011 election.[13]

text: All individuals eligible for induction but not eligible for BBWAA consideration were considered on a single ballot, grouped by the following eras in which they made their greatest contributions:

text:
Pre-Integration Era (1871–1946)
Golden Era (1947–1972)
Expansion Era (1973 and later)

text: The Hall used the BBWAA's Historical Overview Committee to formulate the ballots for each era, consisting of 12 individuals for the Expansion Era and 10 for the other eras. The Hall's board of directors selected a committee of 16 voters for each era, made up of Hall of Famers, executives, baseball historians, and media members. Each committee met and voted at the Baseball Winter Meetings once every three years. The Expansion Era committee held its first vote in 2010 for 2011 induction, with longtime general manager Pat Gillick becoming the first individual elected under the new procedure. The Golden Era committee voted in 2011 for the induction class of 2012, with Ron Santo becoming the first player elected under the new procedure. The Pre-Integration Era committee voted in 2012 for the induction class of 2013, electing three figures. Subsequent elections rotated among the three committees in that order through the 2016 election.

text: In July 2016, however, the Hall of Fame announced a restructuring of the timeframes to be considered, with a much greater emphasis on modern eras. Four new committees were established:

text:
Today's Game (1988–present)
Modern Baseball (1970–1987)
Golden Days (1950–1969)
Early Baseball (1871–1949)

text: All committees' ballots now include 10 candidates. At least one committee convenes each December as part of the election process for the following calendar year's induction ceremony. The Early Baseball committee convenes only in years ending in 0 (2020, 2030). The Golden Days committee convenes only in years ending in 0 and 5 (2020, 2025). The remaining two committees convene twice every 5 years. More specifically, the Today's Game and Modern Baseball committees alternate their meetings in that order, skipping years in which either the Early Baseball or Golden Days committee meets. This means that in the next two 5-year cycles, the Today's Game committee (having met in 2016) will meet in 2018, 2021, and 2023, while the Modern Baseball committee (which met in 2017) will meet in 2019, 2022 and 2024.

text: The eligibility criteria for Era Committee consideration differ between players, managers, and executives.[22]

text:
Players: Must be retired for at least 15 seasons. This means that no player will be eligible for committee consideration until a minimum of 10 years after he first becomes eligible to appear on the BBWAA ballot, regardless of whether or not he appears on a ballot.
The Hall has not yet established a policy on when players who die while active or during the standard 5-year waiting period for BBWAA eligibility will be eligible for committee consideration. As noted earlier, such players become eligible for the BBWAA ballot 6 months after their deaths.
Managers and umpires who have served at least 10 seasons in that role are eligible 5 years after retirement, unless they are 65 or older, in which case the waiting period is 6 months.
Executives are eligible 5 years after retirement, or upon reaching age 70. For those who meet the age cutoff, they are explicitly eligible for consideration regardless of their current position in an organization or their status as active or retired. Before the 2016 changes to the committee system, active executives 65 years or older were eligible for consideration.[14]

text: Players and managers with multiple teams[edit]

text: While the text on a player's or manager's plaque lists all teams for which the inductee was a member in that specific role, inductees are usually depicted wearing the cap of a specific team, though in a few cases, like umpires, they wear caps without logos. (Executives are not depicted wearing caps.) Additionally, as of 2015, inductee biographies on the Hall's website for all players and managers, and executives who were associated with specific teams, list a "primary team", which does not necessarily match the cap logo. The Hall selects the logo "based on where that player makes his most indelible mark."[23]

text: Although the Hall always made the final decision on which logo was shown, until 2001 the Hall deferred to the wishes of players or managers whose careers were linked with multiple teams. Some examples of inductees associated with multiple teams are the following:

text:
Frank Robinson: Robinson chose to have the Baltimore Orioles cap displayed on his plaque, although he had played ten seasons with the Cincinnati Reds and six seasons with Baltimore. Robinson won four pennants and two World Series with the Orioles and one pennant with Cincinnati. His second World Series ring came in the 1970 World Series against the Reds. Robinson also won an MVP award while playing for each team.
Catfish Hunter: Hunter chose not to have any logo on his cap when elected to the Hall of Fame in 1987. Hunter had success for both teams for which he played – the Kansas City/Oakland Athletics (his first ten seasons) and the New York Yankees (his final five seasons). Furthermore, both during and after his career he maintained good relations with both teams and their respective owners (Charles Finley and George Steinbrenner), and did not wish to slight either team by selecting the other.
Nolan Ryan: Born and raised in Texas, Ryan entered the Hall in 1999 wearing a Texas Rangers cap on his plaque, although he spent only five seasons with the Rangers, while raised in the Houston area and having longer and more successful tenures with the Houston Astros (nine seasons, 1980–88 and his record-setting fifth career no-hitter) and California Angels (eight seasons, 1972–79 and the first four of his seven career no-hitters). Ryan's only championship was as a member of the New York Mets in 1969. Ryan finished his career with the Rangers, reaching his 5000th strikeout and 300th win, and throwing the last two of his no-hitters. Ryan later took ownership of the Rangers when they were sold to his Rangers Baseball Express group in 2010. He sold his Rangers interest in 2013 and is now in the Astros' front office.
Reggie Jackson: Jackson chose to be depicted with a Yankees cap over an Athletics cap. As a member of the Kansas City/Oakland A's, Jackson played ten seasons (1967–75, '87), winning three World Series (1972, 1973, 1974) and the 1973 AL MVP Award. During his five years in New York (1977–81), Jackson won two World Series (1977–78), with his crowning achievement occurring during Game Six of the 1977 World Series, when he hit three home runs on consecutive pitches and earned his nickname "Mr. October".
Carlton Fisk: Fisk went into the hall with a Boston Red Sox cap on his plaque in 2000 despite playing with the Chicago White Sox longer and posting more significant numbers with the White Sox. Fisk's choice of the Red Sox was likely because of his being a New England native, as well as his famous "Stay fair!" walk-off home run in Game Six of the 1975 World Series with which he is most associated.
Sparky Anderson: Also in 2000, Anderson entered the Hall with a Cincinnati Reds cap on his plaque despite managing almost twice as many seasons with the Detroit Tigers (17 in Detroit; nine in Cincinnati). He chose the Reds to honor that team's former general manager Bob Howsam, who gave him his first major-league managing job. Anderson won two World Series with the Reds and one with the Tigers.
Dave Winfield: Winfield had spent the most years in his career with the Yankees and had great success there, but chose to go into the Hall as a member of the San Diego Padres due to his feud with Yankees owner George Steinbrenner.

text: In all of the above cases, the "primary team" is the team for which the inductee spent the largest portion of his career except for Ryan, whose primary team is listed as the Angels despite playing one fewer season for that team than for the Astros.

text: In 2001, the Hall of Fame decided to change the policy on cap logo selection, as a result of rumors that some teams were offering compensation, such as number retirement, money, or organizational jobs, in exchange for the cap designation. (For example, though Wade Boggs denied the claims, some media reports had said that his contract with the Tampa Bay Devil Rays required him to request depiction in the Hall of Fame as a Devil Ray.)[24] The Hall decided that it would no longer defer to the inductee, though the player's wishes would be considered, when deciding on the logo to appear on the plaque. Newly elected members affected by the change include the following:

text:
Gary Carter: Inducted in 2003, Carter was the first player to be affected by the new policy. Carter won his only championship with the 1986 New York Mets, and wanted his induction plaque to depict him wearing a Mets cap, though he had spent twelve years (1974–84, 1992) with the Montreal Expos and five (1985–89) with the Mets. The Hall of Fame decided that Carter's impact on the Montreal franchise warranted depicting him with an Expos cap.[25][26]
Wade Boggs: Boggs's only championship was as a member of the 1996 New York Yankees, for whom he played from 1993–97, but his best career numbers were posted during his eleven years (1982–92) wearing the Boston Red Sox uniform. Boggs would eventually be depicted wearing a Boston cap for his 2005 induction.
Andre Dawson: Dawson's cap depicts him as a member of the Expos, his team for eleven years, despite his expressed preference to be shown as a member of the Chicago Cubs. While Dawson played only six years with the Cubs, five of his eight All-Star appearances were as a Cub, and his only MVP award came in his first year with the team in 1987.[27][28]
Tony La Russa: Manager La Russa chose not to have a logo after managing three teams over 33 years—the Chicago White Sox, Oakland Athletics, and St. Louis Cardinals. His greatest successes were with the A's (three pennants and a World Series title in 10 years) and Cardinals (three pennants and two World Series in 16 years). Nonetheless, La Russa felt that his induction to the Hall was due to his tenures with all three teams, and stated that not including a logo meant that "fans of all [three] clubs can celebrate this honor with me."[29] La Russa's biography on the Hall's website lists his primary team as the Cardinals.
Greg Maddux: Although Maddux had his greatest success while with the Atlanta Braves for 11 seasons, he had two stints with the Chicago Cubs for a total of 10 seasons, including the first seven of his MLB career. Maddux believed that both fanbases were equally important in his career, and so the cap on his plaque does not feature any logo.[29] His biography on the Hall's website lists his primary team as the Braves.
Randy Johnson: Johnson played for six teams in a 22-year career, but spent the bulk of it with the Seattle Mariners (10 seasons) and Arizona Diamondbacks (8 seasons). While enjoying great success with both teams, he had more significant honors with the Diamondbacks. Four of Johnson's five Cy Young Awards (consecutively from 1999 to 2002), his only championship (in 2001), his pitching triple crown (2002), and his perfect game (2004) all came with the Diamondbacks. Accordingly, he and the Hall agreed his plaque should feature a Diamondbacks logo.[30] His biography on the Hall's website lists his primary team as the Mariners.

text: The museum[edit]

text: According to the Hall of Fame, approximately 300,000 visitors enter the museum each year,[1] and the running total has surpassed 14 million.[citation needed] These visitors see only a fraction of its 40,000 artifacts, 3 million library items (such as newspaper clippings and photos) and 140,000 baseball cards.[1]

text: The Hall has seen a noticeable decrease in attendance in recent years. A 2013 story on ESPN.com about the village of Cooperstown and its relation to the game partially linked the reduced attendance with Cooperstown Dreams Park, a youth baseball complex about 5 miles (8.0 km) away in the town of Hartwick. The 22 fields at Dreams Park currently draw 17,000 players each summer for a week of intensive play; while the complex includes housing for the players, their parents and grandparents must stay elsewhere. According to the story,[31]

text: Prior to Dreams Park, a room might be filled for a week by several sets of tourists. Now, that room will be taken by just one family for the week, and that family may only go into Cooperstown and the Hall of Fame once. While there are other contributing factors (the recession and high gas prices among them), the Hall's attendance has tumbled since Dreams Park opened. The Hall drew 383,000 visitors in 1999. It drew 262,000 last year.

text: First floor[edit]

text:
Baseball at the Movies houses baseball movie memorabilia while a screen shows footage from those movies.
The Bullpen Theater is the site of daily programming at the museum (trivia games, book discussions, etc.) and is decorated with pictures of famous relief pitchers.
Inductee Row features images of Hall of Famers inducted from 1937–1939.
The Perez-Steele Art Gallery features art of all media related to baseball. Dick Perez served as an artist for various projects at the National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum for 20 years, starting in 1981 [32][33]
The Plaque Gallery, the most recognizable site at the museum, contains induction plaques of all members.
The Sandlot Kids Clubhouse has various interactive displays for young children.
Scribes and Mikemen honors J. G. Taylor Spink Award and Ford C. Frick Award winners with a photo display and has artifacts related to baseball writing and broadcasting. Floor-to-ceiling windows at the Scribes and Mikemen exhibit face an outdoor courtyard with statues of Johnny Podres and Roy Campanella (representing the Brooklyn Dodgers 1955 championship team), and an unnamed All-American Girls Professional Baseball League player. A Satchel Paige statue was unveiled and dedicated during the 2006 Induction Weekend.[1]
An Education Gallery hosts school groups and, in the summer, presentations about artifacts from the museum's collection.

text: Second floor[edit]

text:
The Grandstand Theater features a 12-minute multimedia film. The 200 seat theater, complete with replica stadium seats, is decorated to resemble old Comiskey Park.[34]
The Game is the major feature of the second floor. It is where the most artifacts are displayed. The Game is set up in a timeline format, starting with baseball's beginnings and culminating with the game we know today. There are several offshoots of this meandering timeline:
The Babe Ruth Room
Diamond Dreams (women in baseball)
¡Viva Baseball! (a bilingual exhibit, in English and Spanish, that celebrates baseball in Latin America)
Pride and Passion (Negro Leagues exhibit)
Taking The Field (19th century baseball)
Whole New Ballgame, the Museum's newest permanent exhibit, opened in 2015 and is located in the Janetschek Gallery. This exhibit completes the timeline of baseball through the last 45 years into the game we know today. It features environmental video walls and new interactive elements to go along with artifacts from the Museum's collection.
The Today's Game exhibit is built like a baseball clubhouse, with 30 glass-enclosed locker stalls, one for each Major League franchise. In each stall there is a jersey and other items from the designated big league team, along with a brief team history. A center display case holds objects donated to the Hall of Fame from the past year or two. Fans can also look into a room designed to look like a manager's office. Outside is a display case with rotating artifacts. Currently the space is devoted to the World Baseball Classic.

text: Third floor[edit]

text:
Autumn Glory is devoted to post-season baseball and has, among other artifacts, replicas of World Series rings.
Hank Aaron: Chasing the Dream
A theater area continually plays the popular Abbott and Costello routine "Who's on First?"
One for the Books tells the story of baseball's most cherished records through more than 200 artifacts. The exhibit allows fans to search records dating back through baseball history via an interactive Top Ten Tower while giving visitors a look at exciting moments throughout the years via a multimedia wall.
BBWAA awards: Replicas of various awards distributed by the BBWAA at the end of each season, along with a list of past winners.
A case dedicated to Ichiro Suzuki setting the major league record for base hits in a single season, with 262 in 2004, after George Sisler had held the record for 84 years with 257.
A case full of World Series rings from prior years from the 1900s to present.
An inductee database touch-screen computer with statistics for every inductee.
Programs from every World Series.
Sacred Ground is devoted entirely to ballparks and everything about them, especially the fan experience and the business of a ballpark. The centerpiece is a computer tour of three former ballparks: Boston's South End Grounds, Chicago's Comiskey Park, and Brooklyn's Ebbets Field.

text: Unauthorized sale of items in collection[edit]

text: A controversy erupted in 1982, when it emerged that some historic items given to the Hall had been sold on the collectibles market. The items had been lent to the Baseball Commissioner's office, gotten mixed up with other property owned by the Commissioner's office and employees of the office, and moved to the garage of Joe Reichler, an assistant to Commissioner Bowie Kuhn, who sold the items to resolve his personal financial difficulties. Under pressure from the New York Attorney General, the Commissioner's Office made reparations, but the negative publicity damaged the Hall of Fame's reputation, and made it more difficult for it to solicit donations.[35]

text: Non-induction of banned players[edit]

text: Following the banning of Pete Rose from MLB, the selection rules for the Baseball Hall of Fame were modified to prevent the induction of anyone on Baseball's "permanently ineligible" list, such as Rose or Shoeless Joe Jackson. Many others have been barred from participation in MLB, but none have Hall of Fame qualifications on the level of Jackson or Rose.

text: Jackson and Rose were both banned from MLB for life for actions related to gambling on their own teams—Jackson was determined to have cooperated with those who conspired to intentionally lose the 1919 World Series, and for accepting payment for losing, and Rose voluntarily accepted a permanent spot on the ineligible list in return for MLB's promise to make no official finding in relation to alleged betting on the Cincinnati Reds when he was their manager in the 1980s. (Baseball's Rule 21, prominently posted in every clubhouse locker room, mandates permanent banishment from the MLB for having a gambling interest of any sort on a game in which a player or manager is directly involved.) Rose later admitted that he bet on the Reds in his 2004 autobiography. Baseball fans are deeply split on the issue of whether these two should remain banned or have their punishment revoked. Writer Bill James, though he advocates Rose eventually making it into the Hall of Fame, compared the people who want to put Jackson in the Hall of Fame to "those women who show up at murder trials wanting to marry the cute murderer".[36]

text: United States Mint Coin(s) commemorating the 75th Anniversary[edit]

text: In 2012, Congress passed and President Barack Obama signed a law ordering the United States Mint to produce and sell commemorative, non-circulating coins to benefit the private, non-profit Hall.[37][38] The bill, H.R. 2527, was introduced in the United States House of Representatives by Rep. Richard Hanna, a Republican from New York, and passed the House on October 26, 2011.[39] The coins, which depict baseball gloves and balls, are the first concave designs produced by the Mint. The mintage included 50,000 gold coins, 400,000 silver coins, and 750,000 clad (Nickel-Copper) coins. The Mint released them on March 27, 2014, and the gold and silver editions quickly sold out. The Hall receives money from surcharges included in the sale price: a total of $9.5 million if all the coins are sold.[40]


document_title: Fences (film)

question_text: in the movie fences how did troy die

question_tokens: in the movie fences how did troy die

root

text: Fences (film)

text: Plot[edit]

text: In 1950s Pittsburgh, Troy Maxson lives with his wife Rose and their son Cory, and works as a waste collector alongside his best friend, Jim Bono. Troy's younger brother, Gabriel, sustained a head injury in World War II that left him mentally impaired, for which he received a $3,000 government payout that Troy used to purchase a home for his family. Gabriel has since moved out, but still lives in the neighborhood, often getting in trouble with the law.

tag: p

text: Troy left home at 14 after beating up his abusive father, and became a robber to sustain himself. After serving prison time for killing a man during a robbery, he met Bono and revealed himself to be a talented baseball player. He then played in the professional Negro Leagues; but he never made it to Major League Baseball, which had no black players in the years before 1947. Troy claims to have survived a near-fatal bout of pneumonia in his youth by defeating the Grim Reaper in a fistfight, upon which the Reaper vowed to return for a rematch.

text: Troy's son from a previous relationship, Lyons, visits him every payday to borrow money; this upsets Troy, who believes a man has a responsibility to find his own way and provide for his family. Rose later tells Troy that Cory is being scouted by a college football team, but Troy is dismissive of Cory's chances of reaching the NFL and refuses to sign the permission slip; he does not want Cory to fail as he did.

text: Rose asks Troy to build a fence around their house, and Troy demands that Cory help him as punishment for not doing his chores. On learning that Cory is not working at his part-time job at the A&P, Troy demands that he return to the job, despite Cory's attempts to convince him that the job is being held for him until football season is over.

text: Troy is promoted to driving the garbage truck, becoming the first African-American to do so in Pittsburgh. Bono finds out that Troy is cheating on Rose with Alberta, a woman he met at a bar, and tells him to break it off.  Troy later finds out that Cory did not return to his job, and forces Cory's coach to kick him off the team. Troy also refuses to meet with the college scout. Cory lashes out and throws his helmet at Troy, who warns his son not to disrespect him again. When called to bail Gabriel out of jail for disturbing the peace, Troy (who is illiterate) signs papers rerouting half of Gabriel's pension to a psychiatric hospital, forcing Gabriel to be institutionalized.

text: Troy is forced to reveal his affair to Rose when Alberta becomes pregnant, leading to an argument in which Troy aggressively grabs Rose. Cory intervenes and knocks Troy into the fence. Months later, Alberta dies in childbirth. Troy angrily challenges the Reaper to another fight.

text: Troy brings his baby daughter Raynell home, and Rose agrees to raise her as her own, but refuses to accept Troy back into her life. Cory is considering enlisting in the United States Marine Corps, having missed his opportunity to attend college. One day, when he returns home, an intoxicated Troy blocks his path and instigates a fight in which Cory swings at Troy with a baseball bat. Troy grabs the bat from Cory and drives him out of the house. Disoriented, Troy once again challenges the Reaper to come for him.

text: Six years later, Troy has died of a heart attack, and Cory, now a USMC corporal, returns home, but informs Rose he will not attend the funeral. Rose admits to loving Troy despite his many flaws and pleads that Troy is still a part of him, and Cory later reconsiders after interacting with Raynell. Lyons is serving three years in prison for fraud, and gets furlough to attend the funeral. Similarly, Gabriel is released from the hospital to attend and reunites with his family as they all bid farewell to Troy. Gabriel prays for St. Peter to open the gates of heaven for Troy, and the sun glistens over them.

text: Cast[edit]

text:
Denzel Washington as Troy Maxson
Viola Davis as Rose Lee Maxson, Troy's wife
Stephen McKinley Henderson as Jim Bono, Troy's friend
Jovan Adepo as Cory Maxson, son of Rose and Troy
Russell Hornsby as Lyons Maxson, Troy's son from a previous relationship.
Mykelti Williamson as Gabriel Maxson, brother of Troy
Saniyya Sidney as Raynell Maxson, daughter of Troy and his mistress, Alberta.

tag: ul

text: Production[edit]

text: The film was adapted from August Wilson's play Fences.  Production culminated in the 2016 release of the film, over a decade after Wilson's death.

text: Previous attempts to adapt Fences for the screen had been fruitless, partly due to Wilson's insistence on an African-American director.[6] In a 2013 interview with Empire, Denzel Washington expressed his intention to star in and direct an adaptation of Fences, reprising his role from the 2010 Broadway revival of the play, which like the film, was produced by Scott Rudin.[7]

text: On January 28, 2016, it was reported that Rudin, Washington and Todd Black would produce a film adaptation of the play, directed by Washington and starring Washington and Viola Davis, reprising their roles from the 2010 revival that earned both actors Tony Awards.[8] Playwright and screenwriter Tony Kushner came aboard to build on a draft written by Wilson before his death in 2005.[9] However, Wilson is the only credited screenwriter for the film,[10] while Kushner received a co-producer credit. Black explained that Washington insisted that they remain faithful to Wilson's work, saying, "The star of the movie is the screenplay and August Wilson's words. What Denzel said to me, to Scott, to all the actors, the cinematographer, and the production designer was, 'Don't make any decision without August Wilson's words leading you to make that decision.' Whatever you do, let the words inform your decision first. That's what we all had to abide by."[11]

text: On April 4, 2016, Mykelti Williamson, Jovan Adepo, Russell Hornsby, Stephen McKinley Henderson and Saniyya Sidney joined the cast, with Williamson, Hornsby and Henderson also reprising their roles from the 2010 production.[12]

text: On April 25, 2016, it was reported that Fences had begun filming in Pittsburgh.[13] On June 14, 2016, principal photography was completed.[14] Post-production was completed in mid-November.[15] Charlotte Bruus Christensen was the director of photography,[16] David Gropman was the production designer,[17] Sharen Davis was the costume designer,[18] Hughes Winborne edited the film,[19] Sean Devereaux was the visual effects supervisor,[20] and Marcelo Zarvos composed the film's score.[21]

text: Release[edit]

text: The film held its world premiere at the Curran Theatre in San Francisco, California on December 15, 2016.[22] It began a limited release on December 16, 2016, before opening wide in 2,223 theaters on December 25.[23]

text: Home media[edit]

text: Fences was released on Digital HD on February 24, 2017,[24] and on Blu-ray and DVD on March 14, 2017.[25][26]

text: Reception[edit]

text: Box office[edit]

text: Fences grossed $57.7 million in the United States and Canada and $6.7 million in other territories for a worldwide gross of $64.4 million, against a production budget of $24 million.[2]

text: Fences opened in two theaters in New York and Los Angeles on December 16, and was expected to gross $50–75,000 per theater in its limited opening weekend. It ended up making a total of $128,000, good for a per-theater average of $32,000.[27] The film went into wide release (2,223 theaters) on Christmas Day and grossed $6.7 million; over its first two days it made $11.5 million.[28] In its first full weekend the following week, the film made $10 million, finishing 6th at the box office.[29]

text: Critical response[edit]

text: On review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 94% based on 234 reviews, with an average rating of 7.7/10. The site's critical consensus reads, "From its reunited Broadway stars to its screenplay, the solidly crafted Fences finds its Pulitzer-winning source material fundamentally unchanged — and still just as powerful."[30] On Metacritic, the film has a weighted average score of 79 out of 100, based on 48 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews".[31] Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "A–" on an A+ to F scale.[32]

text: Ty Burr of the Boston Globe wrote, "You don't get groundbreaking cinema from Fences, but what you do get – two titanic performances and an immeasurable American drama – makes up for that."[33]

text: In a negative review, David Edelstein of New York wrote, "It's not cinematic enough to make you forget you're watching something conceived for another, more spatially constricted medium, but it's too cinematic to capture the intensity, the concentration, of a great theatrical event."[34]

text: Accolades[edit]


document_title: Honda Civic

question_text: when was the last honda civic hatchback made

text: Honda Civic

text: Background[edit]

text: After a period of developing idiosyncratic automobiles such as the lukewarmly received domestic Honda 1300, Honda considered pulling out of automobile manufacturing altogether by the early 1970s. However, the more conventional Civic's release in 1972 immediately changed things, thanks to its economy, reliability and low cost in an era of rising fuel prices. Honda's CVCC technology helped it make it affordable, meeting 1970s and early 1980s emission standards without an expensive catalytic converter.[7]

text: First generation (1972–1979) – SB1, SG, SH, SE, VB[edit]

text: The first generation Honda Civic was introduced on 11 July 1972, but sold as a 1973 model in Japan. It was equipped with a 1,169 cc (71.3 cu in) four-cylinder water-cooled engine and featured front power disc brakes, reclining vinyl bucket seats, simulated wood trim on the dashboard, as well as optional air conditioning and an AM/FM radio. The Civic was available as a coupe, both a three- and a five-door hatchback, as well as a five-door station wagon. Due to the 1973 oil crisis, consumer demand for fuel efficient vehicles was high, and due to the engine being able to run on either leaded or unleaded fuel, it gave drivers fuel choice flexibility over other vehicles. The CVCC engine debuted in 1975 and had a head design that allowed for more efficient combustion, and as a benefit the CVCC system did not require a catalytic converter or unleaded fuel to meet 1975 Environmental Protection Agency emissions standards for hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide. The Civic was joined by a platform expansion of the three-door hatchback, called the Honda Accord in 1976.

text: Second generation (1979–1983) – SL, SS, SR, ST, VC, WD[edit]

text: The second generation Honda Civic was introduced in June 1979 as a 1980 model. It was larger, had a more angular shape, and came with increased engine power. All Civic engines now used the CVCC design, which added a 3rd valve per cylinder; this introduced lean burn swirl technology. The base 1335 cc ("1300") engine made 55 hp (41 kW; 56 PS), with an optional 1488 cc ("1500") engine producing 67 hp (50 kW; 68 PS). Three transmissions were offered: a four-speed manual (on base models), a five-speed manual, and a two-speed semi-automatic Honda had previously called the "Hondamatic". The second generation Civic was offered as a three-door hatchback, a four-door sedan, a five-door hatchback and a five-door wagon.

text: Third generation (1983–1987) – SB3, SB4, AG, AH, AJ, AK, AT, EC[edit]

text: The third generation was released in September 1983 for the 1984 model year. The separate five-door hatchback and wagon models were merged into a four-door "shuttle wagon" or "wagovan" sometimes referred to colloquially as a "breadbox" due to its appearance, called the Honda Civic Shuttle. An additional two-seat coupe style—labeled CRX—was introduced, noted for its compact dimensions and light weight. The third generation Civic saw the introduction of the long running four-cylinder D series engine including a new 1.5 L (91.5 cu in) CVCC engine. 1984 also saw the release of a high-performance Si model for the Japanese market, featuring upgraded suspension and the 1.6 L (97.6 cu in) DOHC ZC engine which was rated at 130 PS (118 HP). Si models were offered in the US as a 3-door Civic Si hatchback and the CRX Si variant with a 91 horsepower (68 kW) fuel-injected SOHC 12-valve engine. A 4WD engine with different transmission mounts was introduced for the first time in 1984, and later upgraded in 1987. It delivered a fuel economy of around 28 mpg highway. The 4WD system was push-button operated until improved in 1987 when the rear wheels would engage automatically once the front wheels lost traction. This new system was called "Realtime" which used a "viscous coupler" connecting two propeller shafts between the front and rear axles. The manual transmission featured a synchronized 6th gear, called "SL", or "Super-Low", which was used for high torque at very low speeds. The "Realtime" idea is still utilized to this day but includes technological improvements since the first system. Starting with 1985, Japanese Civics were now exclusive to Honda Primo, with variants sold at Honda Verno and Honda Clio. A four-door version called the Ballade was built, under agreement, by Mercedes Benz South Africa, models were 1300, 1500, 1500i, and 1600i DOHC 1.6 injection.

text: Fourth generation (1987–1991) – ED, EE, EF, SH[edit]

text: In September 1987, a redesigned Civic was introduced with increased dimensions and a lower hood line. A wide range of models and trim levels were offered for various markets around the world. The most notable of which was the Japanese market SiR (featuring the B16A DOHC VTEC engine). All U.S. models featured electronic fuel injection, but carbureted models were still available elsewhere. The fourth generation saw the introduction of a fully independent rear suspension across the entire model range.[8] In addition, the Honda CRX continued to be part of the Civic family which included the HF, DX, and Si model in the U.S.A / four door version called the Ballade was built, under agreement, by Mercedes Benz South Africa / models were 1500 16v, 1600i 16v, and 1600i 16v DOHC. The first 800 cars produced at the then brand new Honda Plant in Aliston Ontario Canada were SE model cars. These Special Edition models included all white side molding that matched the white body and color matched dual mirrors. In the body molding was a wrap around blue stripe. Each car had interior upgrades as well as a chrome tipped exhaust.

text: Fifth generation (1992–1995) – EG3, EG4, EG5, EG6, EG7, EG8, EG9, EH1, EH2, EH3, EH9, EJ1, EJ2, EJ3,[edit]

text: Introduced in September 1991 for the 1992 model year, the redesigned Civic featured increased dimensions, as well as more aerodynamic styling. The wagon variant was now only available in the Japanese market where the previous generation wagon was carried over until 1995. The efficiency of the previous HF model was replaced by the VX hatchback which, with an EPA rating of 48/55 MPG, was Honda's most fuel efficient model sold at the time. In North America the Si featured a SOHC VTEC valve train, whereas the VX featured the VTEC-E. The Japanese Si featured a DOHC non-VTEC valve train D16A9. Continuing in the sporty tradition of the original Civic SiR, Honda sold several similarly equipped variants of the fifth generation car, still referred to as the Civic SiR, in Japan, Asia, and Europe. In South Africa, MBSA (Mercedes Benz of SA) built the Civic as the Ballade only in 4dr. A special model was the 180i with the B18B4, that was fitted to Ballade models. A new bodystyle was introduced with this generation called the Civic Coupe, based from the Civic Ferio sedan, and was sold in North America, Europe and Japan. The fifth generation remains popular among tuners and racers alike.

text: Sixth generation (1996-2000) – EK2, EK3, EK4, EK5, EK9, EJ6, EJ7, EJ8, EJ9, EM1[edit]

text: Introduced in September 1995 for the 1996 model year, the sixth generation featured updated styling although less radical than previous redesigns. Suspension and engine options were available along with their first Natural Gas Powered Civic, the GX. In the US, model year 1996 to 2000 the Civic was sold under the CX, DX, EX, EXR, HX, LX, and for Canada, SE, and Si trims; all base models were made with 1.6-liter engines. The EX-CX are all SOHC (Honda D engine). The CX, DX, and LX all have D16Y7 non-VTEC engines; whereas the EX has a D16Y8 VTEC, and the HX has D16Y5 VTEC-E. The USDM Si and Canadian SiR came with a DOHC (B16A2 VTEC). The first Civic Si coupe EM1 was introduced in 1999 until 2000. Europe saw a DOHC 1.6 VTi hatch and sedan and a DOHC 1.8L engine was available for the Domani related five-door liftback and estate.

text: Seventh generation (2000–2005) – EM2, ES1, ES2, EP1, EP2, EP3, EP4, EV1, EU1, EU2, EU3, EU4[edit]

text: The seventh generation was released in September 2000, for the 2001 model year. While the redesign retained the previous generation's exterior dimensions, interior space was improved in part by using a flat rear floor thus bumping up Civic to a compact car size segment. The front suspension was changed from that of a double wishbone to a MacPherson strut, in order to lower costs, as well as allow more engine bay room for the newly introduced Honda K-series engine. Power was also increased on some trim levels. The four main trim levels were DX, LX, EX, and HX. The Civic Coupe was no longer sold in Japan starting with this generation.

text: In North America, coupe and sedan body styles were available, except for the Si (SiR in Canada) which was offered only as a three-door hatchback.[9] The rest of the world received three and five-door hatchbacks. The Type R was redesigned as well this time using a more powerful i-VTEC motor and using the three-door hatchback body style. This generation saw Honda introduce their first Civic Hybrid, powered by a 1.3-liter engine.[10]

text: Eighth generation (2005–2011) – FD1 FD2, FD7, FA1, FG1, FG2, FA5, FN2, MK8[edit]

text: The eighth generation was released in September 2005, for the 2006 model year. For the eighth generation, Honda split the model into two different platforms, one for sedan and coupe, and one for a hatchback designed primarily for the European market using a simpler rear suspension from the Honda Fit and more aggressive styling. As of 2006, a total of 16.5 million Civics had been sold worldwide, with 7.3 million of them in the United States.[11] Although the North American and the home market model differ externally, they are mechanically identical. The hatchback is available as a three and five-door. Both Si and Type R trim levels continued although the Japanese and European Type R, while sharing the same engine size, are mechanically different. In the US, an improved, sportier version of the Civic Si 4-door tuned by tuner Mugen was offered, featuring cosmetic alterations and changes to the suspension, wheels, slight exterior differences, and exhaust system. A Canadian only Acura model received a new nameplate, changing from the Acura EL to the Acura CSX. The end of this model generation also marked a hiatus of the Civic Type R in Japan, with no successor model until the later tenth generation, going on sale mid-2017[12].

text: Ninth generation (2011–2016) – FB4, FG3, FB2, FG4, FB6, FK2[edit]

text: North American market[edit]

text: On 13 December 2010, Honda unveiled a sketch of the new ninth-generation Civic which was described as "energetic, sleek and aerodynamic." Both coupe and sedan concepts were shown on 10 January 2011 at the 2011 North American International Auto Show. The production version of the ninth-generation Civic (previewed by the concept) went on sale in the U.S. on 20 April 2011.[13] In late 2012, Honda updated its Civic model with new exterior and interior trims for the 2013 year.[14]

text: Honda's Eco Assist technology is added to most models, and became the first gasoline-only powered Honda to employ such technology in North America. It is an information system to help the driver adopt a more fuel-efficient driving style,[15] and is proven to improve fuel economy by about 10% for Honda's hybrid vehicle in Japan.[16]

text: All models now come standard with ABS (Anti-Lock Brake Systems), VSA (Vehicle Stability Assistance) and EBD (Electronic Brake Distribution). Further improvements include a new multilink rear suspension to further reduce road feel on particularly battered roads and highways.

text: Following its launch, the new model was widely panned by the automotive press due to the poor quality of its interior and ride, and for the first time, it failed to earn a Consumer Reports recommendation. In an unprecedented move, Honda made significant interior and exterior redesigns the following year to address these issues, but market share in the compact car segment showed a marked decline from the previous generation.[17]

text: Tenth generation (2016–present) – FC1, FC2, FC3, FC4, FC5, FK4, FK7, FK8[edit]

text: The Civic is based on an all-new Honda compact global platform.[18]

text: The tenth-generation Civic features a new fastback exterior design, with the rear C-pillar flowing into the tailgate. The front of the car features a new chrome wing design that flows across the top of the headlamps.

text: The interior of the new Civic likewise features major design changes. Unlike the split bi-level speedometer and tachometer of its predecessor, the EX and above trim levels of the tenth generation Civic consolidates these instruments into a fully customisable, all digital "Driver Information Interface" incorporating a 7-inch LCD screen positioned directly behind the steering wheel and in the driver's line of sight.[19] The LX trim instrumentation consists of a large analog tachometer that surrounds a digital speedometer and other digital displays.

text: Civic variants include sedan, coupe, five-door hatchback, Si trims, and Type-R models.

text: International marketing and platform derivatives[edit]

text: While the Civic is sold in largely the same form worldwide, differences in the name of the models exist between markets. In Japan, the hatchback Civic is just called "Civic" while the sedan model was called the Civic Ferio (Japanese: シビックフェリオ) during the fifth to seventh generations. The sixth-generation sedan was also sold as the Integra SJ. In Europe and the United States, "Civic" generically refers to any model, though in Europe the coupe is branded the "Civic Coupe". A four-door station wagon model called the Civic Shuttle (also Civic Pro in Japan) was available from 1984 until 1991 (this brand name would later be revived for the mid-1990s Honda Shuttle people carrier, known in some markets as the Honda Stream). In South Africa, the sedan (the only model sold there until the 1996 launch of the sixth generation sedan and hatch) was known as the Ballade.

text: Other models have been built on the Civic platform, including Prelude, Ballade, CR-X, Quint, Concerto, Domani, CR-X Del Sol, Integra, and CR-V.

text: Also, at various times, the Civic or Civic-derived models have been sold by marques other than Honda – for example, Rover sold the 200, 400 and 45, each of which were Civic-based at some point (first 200s were the second generation Ballade; from 1990 the 200 and 400 were based on the Concerto; the 400 was the 1995 Domani), as was their predecessor, the Triumph Acclaim, based on the first Honda Ballade. The Honda Domani, an upscale model based on the Civic, was sold as the Isuzu Gemini in Japan (1992–2000), and confusingly the 5-door Domani was sold as the Honda Civic (along with the "real" hatchback and sedan Civics) in Europe from 1995 to 2000. In Thailand, the sixth generation Civic was available as the four-door Isuzu Vertex. The sixth-generation station wagon was sold as the Honda Orthia, with the Partner as the downmarket commercial variant. The seventh generation minivan model is called the Honda Stream. In Canada, the sixth and seventh generation Civics were mildly redesigned to create the Acura EL until the advent of the eight generation Civic, which was used to create the Acura CSX, which was designed in Canada. Honda Japan adopted the CSX styling for the Civic in its home country.

text: The three-door hatchback body style has been somewhat unpopular in the United States, but has achieved wide acceptance in Canada, as well as popularity in Japan and European markets, helping cement Honda's reputation as a maker of sporty compact models. Starting in 2002, the Civic three-door hatchback has been built exclusively at Honda's manufacturing plant in Swindon, England[20] – previously the five-door Civic/Domani and the Civic Aerodeck (based on the Japanese Orthia) were built in this plant for sale in Europe along with the Japanese Civics. Accordingly, all instances of the current model (left or right hand drive, anywhere in the world) are British-made cars designed with Japanese engineering, except for the US-built two-door coupe and the sedan version built in Brazil for the Latin American market.

text: In North America, the Civic hatchback was dropped for 2006. The 2006 model year standard Civics for North America are manufactured in Alliston, Ontario, Canada (sedans, coupes and Si Coupes) and East Liberty, Ohio (sedans), while the Hybrid version is manufactured in Japan.

text: In Brazil, although being considered for local manufacturing since the early 1980s (it was illegal to import cars in Brazil from 1973 until 1990), the Civic wasn't available until 1992, via official importing. In 1997, production of the sixth generation Civic sedan started in the Sumaré (a city near Campinas, in the state of São Paulo) factory. The only differences between the Japanese model and the Brazilian model were a slightly higher ground clearance, due to the country's road conditions and adaptations to make the engine suitable to Brazilian commercial gasoline, which contains about 25% ethanol (E25). The seventh generation production started in 2001, displacing the Chevrolet Vectra from the top sales record for the mid-size sedan segment, however it lost that position to the Toyota Corolla the following year. In 2006, the eighth generation was released and regained the sales leadership. Identical to the North American version, it lacks options such a moonroof, and standard security equipment like VSA and side and curtain airbags were removed due to lack of car safety laws in the Mercosur. Furthermore, the Brazilian subsidiary began producing flex-fuel versions for the Civic and the Fit models, capable of running on any blend of gasoline (E20 to E25 blend in Brazil) and ethanol up to E100.[21]

text: Safety[edit]

text: USA[edit]

text: The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) in the USA has determined frontal crash test ratings of Honda Civics of different model years.[22][23]

text:
[show]Model year
Make
Model
Type
Curb weight (lb)
Front driver
Front passenger
Side driver
passenger
Side rear
passenger

1979
Honda
Civic
2-DR
2,166

1980
Honda
Civic
2-DR HBK
2,298

1981
Honda
Civic
2-DR HBK
2,160

1981
Honda
Civic
4-DR HBK
2,456

1984–1987
Honda
Civic
2-DR
2,311

1984–1987
Honda
Civic
4-DR wagon
2,510

1988–1989?
Honda
Civic
2-DR
2,542

1990?–1991
Honda
Civic
4-DR
2,252

1992–1993
Honda
Civic
2/4-DR
2,348

1994–1995
Honda
Civic
2-DR
2,498?

1994–1995
Honda
Civic
4-DR
2,317

1996–1997
Honda
Civic
2-DR
2,337

1996–1997
Honda
Civic
4-DR
2,313

1998–2000
Honda
Civic
2-DR
2,313

1998–2000
Honda
Civic
4-DR
2,379

2001–2005
Honda
Civic
4-DR w/+w/o SAB
2,522

2001–2005
Honda
Civic
2-DR w/o SAB
2,502

2001–2005
Honda
Civic
2-DR w/SAB
2,502

2002–2005
Honda
Civic
2-DR HBK w/o SAB
2,502

2006–2011
Honda
Civic
2-DR w/SAB
2,640

2006–2011
Honda
Civic
4-DR w/SAB
2,749

2012
Honda
Civic
4-DR w/SAB
2,672

2013
Honda
Civic
4-DR w/SAB
2,815

tag: table

text: The eighth-generation Civic sedan's crash test performance has been rated highly by both the US government's NHTSA[24] and the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety. The IIHS awarded the Civic sedan with a rating of "good" on both frontal and side impact crash tests[25] and lists the Civic as the second-best 2007 small car in overall crashworthiness.[26] The Civic coupe is rated "acceptable" in the side impact test.[27]

text: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) crash test ratings[24]

text: Frontal impact:

text: Side impact front seat:

text: Side impact rear seat:

text: Rollover:

text: Australia[edit]

text: In Australia, 1984–2005 Civics were assessed in the Used Car Safety Ratings 2006 on their level of occupant protection regardless of size or era.[28]

text:
(1984–1987) – "significantly worse than average"
(1988–1991) – "average"
(1992–1995) – "average"
(1996–2000) – "better than average"
(2001–2005) – "average"

text: Modifications and the enthusiast community[edit]

text: Despite being a modest car, the Civic is popular as a platform for modification and customization by the enthusiast community. Starting with the fourth generation and continuing through the 2000 model year, Civics had front double wishbone suspension and rear semi-trailing arm suspension. Ready parts interchangeability allows easy engine swaps (primarily with more powerful B16A (Civic SI), B18C (Acura Integra GSR), and various K20 Civic motors) and many other upgrades.[29]

text: More recent seventh and eighth generation Civics, now rated as compacts rather than subcompacts, remain generally attractive as tuner projects in spite of added weight (mostly due to U.S. government safety mandates, such as airbags and ABS) and higher centers of gravity. Particularly unwelcome among the tuner community[30] was the replacement of the front double-wishbone suspension with MacPherson struts, which provide inferior handling primarily due to limited dynamic camber angle control.[31][32]

text: Awards[edit]

text: Honda Civic EX was International Car of the Year in 2005. From 1972 to 1974, the Civic was awarded Car of the Year Japan. In 1973, the Civic ranked third in the European Car of the Year awards, the highest ranking for a Japanese vehicle at that time. It also was awarded the U.S. Road Test magazine's "1974 Car of the Year."[33] The Civic was the Motor Trend Import Car of the Year for 1980[34] as well as its 2006 Car of the Year. In 2006, the Civic earned the 2007 "Semperit Irish Car of the Year" title. In 1996, Automobile Magazine honored the Civic as its Automobile of the Year. The Civic has been on Car and Driver magazine's yearly Ten Best list six times, in 1985, 1988–91, and 1996. The Civic Si was named "Best New Sport Car" and the sedan was named "Best New Economy Car" in the 2006 Canadian Car of the Year awards. The Civic also won the North American Car of the Year and the North American International Auto Show (NAIAS) Car of the Year awards for 2006. In November 2006, the Civic received the prestigious "Car of The Year" award from Brazilian magazine Auto Esporte. The four-door Civic VXi sedan won the South African Car of the Year award for 2007.

text: Racing[edit]

text: Touring car racing[edit]

text: Civics have been used for racing ever since their introduction.

text: Civics contested the Up to 1300cc class in the Bathurst 1000 touring car race at Bathurst in Australia each year from 1973 to 1976, with a best placing of second in class in both 1974 and 1976.[35]

text: In recent years the Civic has been used in a wide variety of racing series, particularly in Japan. It is also used in touring car races in Europe and the United States. The Civic has been used in the UK in endurance series by teams such as Barwell Motorsport and Cartek Motorsport.

text: In 2002 JAS Motorsport entered the European Touring Car Championship (ETCC) with a Super 2000 spec Civic and was used until restart season of the World Touring Car Championship (WTCC) in 2005.

text: In December 2005, on the date of the new 2006 Civic Si's launch in the USA, Honda's R&D Engineering Team completed 645 laps in an eighth generation Civic Si coupe (FG2) to place first in the E1 class of the famous '25 Hours of Thunderhill' marathon race. The drivers on Honda's team were Road & Track journalist Kim Wolfkill, Lee Niffenegger, Chad Gilsinger, Sage Marie, John Sherk, Rich Hays, Andrew Frame, Matt Staal and Car and Driver journalist Tony Swan.[36]

text: BTCC[edit]

text: In the UK, the Civic has been used in the British Touring Car Championship (BTCC) for several years and is still highly competitive. The Civic Type R made its debut in the 2002 season with the 'Works' team run by Arena Motorsport. Built to BTC-T specifications, it gained the team third in the manufacturers championship. In the same year Synchro Motorsport won the BTCC Production Teams Championship with a pair of Civic Type Rs.

text: The 2003 season saw the 'works' team Civics secure an impressive second in the manufacturers championship. The 2003 BTCC Production Teams Championship also went to the Civic again, this time in the hands of Barwell Motorsport.

text: Such was the competitiveness of the Civic in its first two-season, 2004 saw five teams enter Civics, allowing the model to secure second in the manufacturers championship.

text: Although manufacturer support from Honda for the BTCC ended in 2005, several teams still found success running the Civic in 2005 and 2006.

text: For the 2007 BTCC season, Team Halfords ran the new eighth-generation Honda Civics, built to the latest S2000 regulations, for Matt Neal and Gordon Shedden with limited success and continued to use the Civic into the 2008 and 2009 season. In both 2007 and 2008, the Civic allowed the team to finish 3rd in the Teams championship, behind the two manufacturer backed teams.

text: In 2010 Honda returned to the BTCC as a 'works' team with Team Dynamics using Civics to win the 2010 manufacturers championship.[37]

text: In 2011 the team returns with its Civic to defend its Team and Manufacturers championship again with the Neil and Shedden pairing.

text: Honda Racing Team swapped to the brand new ninth generation Honda Civic, built fully to NGTC rules, for the 2012 BTCC season. They are the first manufacturer backed team to announce their intention to run fully to the NGTC specification.[38][39] The drivers continue to be Matt Neal and Gordon Shedden, who are the 2011 and 2012 BTCC driver champions respectively.[40][41] Andrew Jordan, driving for his family-run Eurotech Racing team, won the BTCC title in 2013 in their NGTC Civic, whilst Honda retained the manufacturer's championship.[42] However, in 2014, Honda were unable to retain their title, which was won instead by MG.[43]

text: WTCC[edit]

text: Honda announced plans to enter the 2012 World Touring Car Championship (WTCC) with a racer built on the 2012 Euro Civic five-door hatchback. The car is powered by a 1.6-liter turbocharged engine, developed by Honda R&D, and would later race in Japan, China and Macau before a two car team joined the 2013 championship racing.[44] Honda won the 2013 Manufacturers' Championship in their first full season in the series, six races before the end of the season.[45] However, Honda was unsuccessful in defending their title in 2014, as Citroën dominated the series in their first season.[46][47]

text: Others[edit]

text: The car has also been used in the Japanese Touring Car Championship, and won the 2011 Asian Touring Car Series. It also competed in both the Touring and Super-production classes of the Russian Touring Car Championship.

text: Sales[edit]

text: As of February 2015, 18.5 million Civics had been sold worldwide.[48] With 7.3 million bought in the United States,[11] it has been a top seller both there[49][50][51] and in Canada, where it had placed No. 1 for 14 years through 2012.[52] Recent studies indicate that the Honda Civic is the most popular car among millennial car shoppers,[53] credited for its low price and small size.

text:
[show]Calendar year
US sales[54]

1973
32,575

1974
43,119

1975
102,389

1976
132,286

1977
147,638

1978
154,035

1979
155,541

1980
138,740

1981
154,698

1982
132,469

1983
137,747

1984
184,846

1985
208,031

1986
235,801

1987
221,252

1988
225,543

1989
235,452

1990
261,502

1991
232,690

1992
219,228

1993
255,579

1994
267,023

1995
289,435

1996
286,350

1997
321,144

1998
335,110

1999
318,309

2000
324,528

2001
331,780

2002
313,159

2003
299,672

2004
309,196

2005
308,415

2006
316,638

2007
331,095

2008
339,289

2009
259,722

2010
260,218

2011
221,235

2012
317,909

2013
336,180

2014
325,981

2015
335,384[55]

2016
366,927[56]


document_title: NFC Championship Game

question_text: who did the eagles play in the nfc championship

text: NFC Championship Game

text: History[edit]

text: The first NFC Championship Game was played following the 1970 regular season after the merger between the NFL and the American Football League. The game is considered the successor to the original NFL Championship, and its game results are listed with that of its predecessor in the annual NFL Record and Fact Book.[1] Since the pre-merger NFL consisted of six more teams than the AFL, a realignment was done as part of the merger to create two conferences with an equal number of teams: The NFL's Baltimore Colts, the Cleveland Browns, and the Pittsburgh Steelers joined the ten former AFL teams to form the AFC; while the remaining 13 pre-merger NFL clubs formed the NFC.

text: Every NFC team has played in an NFC Championship at least once. The Seattle Seahawks, who have been members in both the AFC and the NFC, hold the distinction of appearing in both conference title games. Only the Detroit Lions have yet to win an NFC Championship Game.

text: Playoff structure[edit]

text: At the end of each regular season, a series of playoff games involving the top six teams in the NFC are conducted. In the current (since 2002–03 season) NFL playoff structure, this consists of the four division champions and two wild card teams (those clubs that possess the two best won-loss records after the regular season yet fail to win their division). The two teams remaining following the Wild Card round (first round) and the divisional round (second round) play in the NFC Championship game.

text: Initially, the site of the game was determined on a rotating basis. Since the 1975–76 season, the site of the NFC Championship has been based on playoff seeding based on the regular season won-loss record, with the highest surviving seed hosting the game. A wild card team can only host the game if both participants are wild cards, in which case the fifth seed would host the sixth seed. Such an instance has never occurred in the NFL.

text: George Halas Trophy[edit]

text: Beginning with 1984-85 season, the winner of the NFC Championship Game has received the George Halas Trophy, named after the longtime owner and coach of the Chicago Bears, a charter member of the NFL. The original design consisted of a wooden base with a sculpted NFC logo in the front and a sculpture of various football players in the back.

text: It, and the Lamar Hunt Trophy that is awarded to the AFC champion, were redesigned for the 2010–11 NFL playoffs by Tiffany & Co. at the request of the NFL in an attempt to make both awards more significant.[2] The trophies are now a new, silver design with the outline of a hollow football positioned on a small base to more closely resemble the Vince Lombardi Trophy, awarded to the winner of the Super Bowl.[3]

text: The George Halas Trophy should not be confused with the Newspaper Enterprise Association's George S. Halas Trophy which was awarded to the NFL's defensive player of the year from 1966 to 1996 or the Pro Football Writers Association's George S. Halas Courage Award.

text: List of NFC Championship Games[edit]

text:
Season
Playoffs
Winning team
Score
Losing team
Score
Location
Stadium

1970
1970–71
Dallas Cowboys (1)
17
San Francisco 49ers
10
San Francisco, California
Kezar Stadium[4]

1971
1971–72
Dallas Cowboys (2)
14
San Francisco 49ers
3
Irving, Texas
Texas Stadium

1972
1972–73
Washington Redskins (1)
26
Dallas Cowboys
3
Washington, D.C.
RFK Stadium[5]

1973
1973–74
Minnesota Vikings (1)
27
Dallas Cowboys
10
Irving, Texas (2)
Texas Stadium (2)

1974
1974–75
Minnesota Vikings (2)
14
Los Angeles Rams
10
Bloomington, Minnesota
Metropolitan Stadium

1975
1975–76
Dallas Cowboys (3)
37
Los Angeles Rams
7
Los Angeles, California
Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum[6]

1976
1976–77
Minnesota Vikings (3)
24
Los Angeles Rams
13
Bloomington, Minnesota (2)
Metropolitan Stadium (2)

1977
1977–78
Dallas Cowboys (4)
23
Minnesota Vikings
6
Irving, Texas (3)
Texas Stadium (3)

1978
1978–79
Dallas Cowboys (5)
28
Los Angeles Rams
0
Los Angeles, California (2)
Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum (2)

1979
1979–80
Los Angeles Rams (1)
9
Tampa Bay Buccaneers
0
Tampa, Florida
Tampa Stadium

1980
1980–81
Philadelphia Eagles (1)
20
Dallas Cowboys
7
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Veterans Stadium

1981
1981–82
San Francisco 49ers (1)
28
Dallas Cowboys
27
San Francisco, California (2)
Candlestick Park

1982
1982–83 [7]
Washington Redskins (2)
31
Dallas Cowboys
17
Washington, D.C. (2)
RFK Stadium (2)

1983
1983–84
Washington Redskins (3)
24
San Francisco 49ers
21
Washington, D.C. (3)
RFK Stadium (3)

1984
1984–85
San Francisco 49ers (2)
23
Chicago Bears
0
San Francisco, California (3)
Candlestick Park (2)

1985
1985–86
Chicago Bears (1)
24
Los Angeles Rams
0
Chicago, Illinois
Soldier Field

1986
1986–87
New York Giants (1)
17
Washington Redskins
0
East Rutherford, New Jersey
Giants Stadium

1987
1987–88
Washington Redskins (4)
17
Minnesota Vikings
10
Washington, D.C. (4)
RFK Stadium (4)

1988
1988–89
San Francisco 49ers (3)
28
Chicago Bears
3
Chicago, Illinois (2)
Soldier Field (2)

1989
1989–90
San Francisco 49ers (4)
30
Los Angeles Rams
3
San Francisco, California (4)
Candlestick Park (3)

1990
1990–91
New York Giants (2)
15
San Francisco 49ers
13
San Francisco, California (5)
Candlestick Park (4)

1991
1991–92
Washington Redskins (5)
41
Detroit Lions
10
Washington, D.C. (5)
RFK Stadium (5)

1992
1992–93
Dallas Cowboys (6)
30
San Francisco 49ers
20
San Francisco, California (6)
Candlestick Park (5)

1993
1993–94
Dallas Cowboys (7)
38
San Francisco 49ers
21
Irving, Texas (4)
Texas Stadium (4)

1994
1994–95
San Francisco 49ers (5)
38
Dallas Cowboys
28
San Francisco, California (7)
Candlestick Park (6)

1995
1995–96
Dallas Cowboys (8)
38
Green Bay Packers
27
Irving, Texas (5)
Texas Stadium (5)

1996
1996–97
Green Bay Packers (1)
30
Carolina Panthers
13
Green Bay, Wisconsin
Lambeau Field

1997
1997–98
Green Bay Packers (2)
23
San Francisco 49ers
10
San Francisco, California (8)
3Com Park (7)

1998
1998–99
Atlanta Falcons (1)
30a[›]
Minnesota Vikings
27
Minneapolis, Minnesota (3)
Hubert H. Humphrey Metrodome

1999
1999–00
St. Louis Rams (2)
11
Tampa Bay Buccaneers
6
St. Louis, Missouri
Trans World Dome

2000
2000–01
New York Giants (3)
41
Minnesota Vikings
0
East Rutherford, New Jersey (2)
Giants Stadium (2)

2001
2001–02
St. Louis Rams (3)
29
Philadelphia Eagles
24
St. Louis, Missouri (2)
Edward Jones Dome (2)

2002
2002–03
Tampa Bay Buccaneers (1)
27
Philadelphia Eagles
10
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (2)
Veterans Stadium (2)

2003
2003–04
Carolina Panthers (1)
14
Philadelphia Eagles
3
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (3)
Lincoln Financial Field

2004
2004–05
Philadelphia Eagles (2)
27
Atlanta Falcons
10
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (4)
Lincoln Financial Field (2)

2005
2005–06
Seattle Seahawks (1)
34
Carolina Panthers
14
Seattle, Washington
Qwest Field

2006
2006–07
Chicago Bears (2)
39
New Orleans Saints
14
Chicago, Illinois (3)
Soldier Field (3)

2007
2007–08
New York Giants (4)
23a[›]
Green Bay Packers
20
Green Bay, Wisconsin (2)
Lambeau Field (2)

2008
2008–09
Arizona Cardinals (1)
32
Philadelphia Eagles
25
Glendale, Arizona
University of Phoenix Stadium

2009
2009–10
New Orleans Saints (1)
31a[›]
Minnesota Vikings
28
New Orleans, Louisiana
Louisiana Superdome

2010
2010–11
Green Bay Packers (3)
21
Chicago Bears
14
Chicago, Illinois (4)
Soldier Field (4)

2011
2011–12
New York Giants (5)
20a[›]
San Francisco 49ers
17
San Francisco, California (9)
Candlestick Park (8)

2012
2012–13
San Francisco 49ers (6)
28
Atlanta Falcons
24
Atlanta, Georgia
Georgia Dome

2013
2013–14
Seattle Seahawks (2)
23
San Francisco 49ers
17
Seattle, Washington (2)
CenturyLink Field (2)

2014
2014–15
Seattle Seahawks (3)
28a[›]
Green Bay Packers
22
Seattle, Washington (3)
CenturyLink Field (3)

2015
2015–16
Carolina Panthers (2)
49
Arizona Cardinals
15
Charlotte, North Carolina
Bank of America Stadium

2016
2016–17
Atlanta Falcons (2)
44
Green Bay Packers
21
Atlanta, Georgia (2)
Georgia Dome (2)

2017
2017–18
Philadelphia Eagles (3)
38
Minnesota Vikings
7
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (5)
Lincoln Financial Field (3)

text: ^ a: Overtime

text: Appearances 1970–present[edit]

text:
Num
Team
W
L
PCT
PF
PA
Last appearance
Last championship
Home games
Home wins
Home losses
Home Win Pct.
Away games
Away wins
Away losses
Away Win Pct.

14
Dallas Cowboys
8
6
.571
317
264
1995
1995
5
4
1
.800
9
4
5
.444

15
San Francisco 49ers
6
9
.400
307
289
2013
2012
9
4
5
.444
6
2
4
.333

6
Washington Redskins
5
1
.833
139
78
1991
1991
5
5
0
1.000
1
0
1
.000

5
New York Giants
5
0
1.000
116
50
2011
2011
2
2
0
1.000
3
3
0
1.000

9
Los Angeles/St. Louis Ramsb[›]
3
6
.333
82
187
2001
2001
4
2
2
.500
5
1
4
.200

9
Minnesota Vikings
3
6
.333
136
175
2017
1976
3
2
1
.667
6
1
5
.200

7
Green Bay Packers
3
4
.429
143
126
2016
2010
2
1
1
.500
5
2
3
.400

7
Philadelphia Eagles
3
4
.429
109
119
2017
2017
5
3
2
.600
2
0
2
.000

3
Seattle Seahawksc[›]
3
0
1.000
85
53
2014
2014
3
3
0
1.000
0
0
0
-6 !—–

5
Chicago Bears
2
3
.400
80
86
2010
2006
4
2
2
.500
1
0
1
.000

4
Atlanta Falcons
2
2
.500
108
103
2016
2016
2
1
1
.500
2
1
1
.500

4
Carolina Panthers
2
2
.500
90
82
2015
2015
1
1
0
1.000
3
1
2
.333

3
Tampa Bay Buccaneers
1
2
.333
33
30
2002
2002
1
0
1
.000
2
1
1
.500

2
New Orleans Saints
1
1
.500
45
67
2009
2009
1
1
0
1.000
1
0
1
.000

2
Arizona Cardinals
1
1
.500
47
74
2015
2008
1
1
0
1.000
1
0
1
.000

1
Detroit Lions
0
1
.000
10
41
1991
N/A
0
0
0
-7 !—–
1
0
1
.000

text: ^ b: Includes appearances during their first tenure in Los Angeles (the 1970 merger to 1994), where they went 1–6 in NFC Championship Games; and their period as the St. Louis Rams (1995–2015), where they went 2–0 in NFC Championship Games.

text: ^ c: The Seahawks were members of the NFC in 1976 and then members of the AFC from 1977–2001, before rejoining the NFC in 2002. Including their only appearance in the AFC Championship Game (0–1), they hold a combined 3–1 record between both Conference Championship Games.

text: NFC Championship Game records[edit]

text:
Most victories: 8 – Dallas Cowboys (1970–1971, 1975, 1977–1978, 1992–1993, 1995)
Most losses: 9** – San Francisco 49ers (1970–1971, 1983, 1990, 1992–1993, 1997, 2011, 2013)
Most appearances: 15 – San Francisco 49ers (1970–1971, 1981, 1983–1984, 1988–1990, 1992–1994, 1997, 2011–2013)
Most consecutive appearances: 4 (tie, 2 teams, 3 times)

Dallas Cowboys (1970–1973, 1992–1995)
Philadelphia Eagles (2001–2004)

Most consecutive victories: 2 – (tie, 6 teams, 8 times)

Dallas Cowboys (1970–1971, 1977–1978, 1992–1993)
Minnesota Vikings (1973–1974)
Washington Redskins (1982–1983)
San Francisco 49ers (1988–1989)
Green Bay Packers (1996–1997)
Seattle Seahawks (2013–2014)

Most victories without a loss: 5** – New York Giants (1986, 1990, 2000, 2007, 2011)
Most appearances without a win: 1 – Detroit Lions (1991)
Most consecutive losses without a win: 6 – Minnesota Vikings (1977, 1987, 1998, 2000, 2009, 2017)
Most defensive shutouts: 2**; – New York Giants (Jan 11, 1987, 17–0 vs Redskins and Jan 14, 2001, 41–0 vs Vikings)
Most times shut out: 2**; – Los Angeles Rams (Jan 7, 1979, 0–28 vs Cowboys and Jan 12, 1986, 0–24 vs Bears)
Most consecutive losses: 3* – (tie, 3 times)

Los Angeles Rams (1974–1976)
Dallas Cowboys (1980–1982)
Philadelphia Eagles (2001–2003)

Most games hosted: 9 – San Francisco 49ers (1970, 1981, 1984, 1989–1990, 1992, 1994, 1997, 2011)
Most numerous matchup: 6** – Dallas Cowboys vs. San Francisco 49ers (1970–1971, 1981, 1992–1994)
Most points scored: 49 points – January 24, 2016 – Carolina Panthers vs. Arizona Cardinals (2015)
Largest margin of victory: 41 points – January 14, 2001 (2000), New York Giants (41) vs. Minnesota Vikings (0)
Closest margin of victory: 1 point – San Francisco 49ers (28) vs. Dallas Cowboys (27), 1981 NFC Championship Game**
Fewest points scored, winning team: 9**[›]; January 6, 1980 (1979) – Los Angeles Rams vs. Tampa Bay Buccaneers
Fewest points scored: 0*; (tie, 5 teams, 6 times)

Los Angeles Rams 0 vs Dallas Cowboys 28 January 7, 1979
Tampa Bay Buccaneers 0 vs Los Angeles Rams 9 January 6, 1980
Chicago Bears 0 vs San Francisco 49ers 23 January 6, 1985
Los Angeles Rams 0 vs Chicago Bears 24 January 12, 1986
Washington Redskins 0 vs New York Giants 17 January 11, 1987
Minnesota Vikings 0 vs New York Giants 41 January 14, 2001

Most points scored, losing team: 28 (tie); January 15, 1995 (1994) – Dallas Cowboys vs. San Francisco 49ers, January 24, 2010 (2009) – Minnesota Vikings at New Orleans Saints
Most combined points scored: 66; January 15, 1995 (1994) – San Francisco 49ers (38) vs. Dallas Cowboys (28)
Fewest combined points scored: 9**; January 6, 1980 (1979) – Los Angeles Rams (9) vs. Tampa Bay Buccaneers (0)
Longest game: 71 minutes, 52 seconds**; January 17, 1999 (1998) – Atlanta Falcons (30) @ Minnesota Vikings (27), OT
Most NFC Championships won in overtime: 2** – New York Giants (2007, 2011)
Most NFC Championships lost in overtime: 2* (tie) – Green Bay Packers (2007, 2014) Minnesota Vikings (1998, 2009)
Current teams which have never won an NFC Championship:

Detroit Lions (0–1)***

Longest drought without appearing in an NFC Championship Game: 26 years

Detroit Lions (last appearance – 1991)
Washington Redskins (last appearance – 1991)

Longest drought without an NFC Championship: 48 years***; Detroit Lions
Largest comeback: 17 points (trailed 17–0; won 28–24), San Francisco 49ers, 2012
Overtime games:

1998 Atlanta Falcons 30 Minnesota Vikings 27
2007 New York Giants 23 Green Bay Packers 20
2009 New Orleans Saints 31 Minnesota Vikings 28
2011 New York Giants 20 San Francisco 49ers 17
2014 Seattle Seahawks 28 Green Bay Packers 22

text: Notes:

text:
*Tied for Conference Championship record
^ **: Conference Championship record
^ ***: Lions most recently won the NFL Championship in 1957 – pre-Super Bowl era

text: TV ratings[edit]

text:
2006: 35.233 million viewers; Post Gun: 24.641 million; Post Game: 15.279 million
2007: million viewers; Post Game: million [1] [2]
2008: million viewers; Post Game: million [3]
2009: million viewers; Post Game: 23.83 million (10:27pm–11:02pm) [4]
2010: 57.9 million viewers [5]
2011: 51.9 million viewers;
2012: 57.6 million viewers [6]; Post Game: million [7]
2013: 42.0 million viewers; Post Game: million [8]
2014: 55.91 million viewers(peak: 66.3 million viewers); (6:42-9:59pm); Post Game (9:55-9:59pm): 44.903 million [9]; The OT (9:59-10:19pm): 30.339 million viewers [10] [11] [12]
2015: 49.8 million viewers (peak: 60.5 million viewers); The OT: 16.280 million viewers (6:40-7:06pm)[13]