document_title: List of superhero debuts

question_text: who was the first superhero in dc comics

text: List of superhero debuts

text:
Character / Team / Series
Year Debuted
Creator/s
First Appearance

Spring Heeled Jack
1878
George Augustus Sala or Alfred Burrage as "Charlton Lea"
Spring-Heeled Jack, the Terror of London

text: The folkloric Spring-heeled Jack came to be featured in a series of Penny Dreadfuls as a villain. However, in the late 1970s and early 1980s, he was reinvented as a crime-fighter with a disguise, secret lair, and gadgets, hallmarks of superheroes.[3]

text: Newspaper comics[edit]

text:
Character / Team / Series
Year Debuted
Creator/s
First Appearance

Hugo Hercules
1902
Wilhelm Heinrich Detlev Körner
Chicago Tribune

text: Despite its short run, it's widely seen as the earliest superhero fiction comic.

text: Play[edit]

text:
Character / Team / Series
Year Debuted
Creator/s
First Appearance

The Scarlet Pimpernel
1903
Baroness Emmuska Orczy
The Scarlet Pimpernel

text: Often cited as perhaps the earliest superhero akin to those to become popularized through American comic books.[4][5][6][7]

text: Magazine[edit]

text:
Character / Team / Series
Year Debuted
Creator/s
First Appearance

John Carter of Mars
1911
Edgar Rice Burroughs
A Princess of Mars

Tarzan the Apeman
1912
Edgar Rice Burroughs
Tarzan of the Apes

The Night Wind
1913
Varick Vanardy[8] (Frederick Van Rensselaer Dey)
Alias the Night Wind

The Gray Seal
1914
Frank L. Packard
"The Adventures of Jimmie Dale" 1917 book version of 1914 and 1915 stories in People's Magazine

The Scarecrow
1915
Russell Thorndike
Doctor Syn: A Tale of the Romney Marsh

Zorro
1919
Johnston McCulley
"The Curse of Capistrano" All Weekly Story

text: Notable non-superhero characters that influenced the superhero genre[edit]

text:
Character / Team
Year Debuted
Creator/s
Media
First appearance

The Red Shadow
1926
Oscar Hammerstein II, Otto Harbach, and Frank Mandel
Play
The Desert Song

Buck Rogers
January 7, 1929
Philip Francis Nowlan
Newspaper Comic
Buck Rogers in the 25th Century A.D adapted from the story "Armageddon 2419 A.D." (Amazing Stories, August, 1928).

text: Radio[edit]

text:
Character / Team / Series
Year Debuted
Creator/s
First Appearance

The Shadow (as announcer voice)
1930 (July 31)
Maxwell Grant (Walter B. Gibson)
Detective Stories

The Lone Ranger
1933 (January 30)
George W. Trendle
The Lone Ranger

Tonto
1933 (February 25)
Fran Striker
The Lone Ranger

The Green Hornet and Kato
1936 (January 31)
George W. Trendle and Fran Striker
The Green Hornet

text: Pulp fiction[edit]

text:
Character / Team / Series
Year Debuted
Creator/s
First Appearance

The Shadow (as character)
1931 (April)
Maxwell Grant (Walter B. Gibson)
"The Living Shadow" The Shadow Magazine #1

Conan the Barbarian
1932 (December)
Robert E. Howard
"The Phoenix on the Sword" Weird Tales

Doc Savage
1933 (March)
Kenneth Robeson (Lester Dent)
The Man of Bronze

The Avenger
1939 (September)
Kenneth Robeson (Paul Ernst)
"Justice, Inc."The Avenger Magazine #1

text: Newspaper comics[edit]

text:
Character / Team / Series
Year Debuted
Creator/s
Series

Mandrake the Magician
1934 (June 11)
Lee Falk
Mandrake the Magician

The Phantom Magician[9]
1935 (April 15)
Mel Graff (fr)
The Adventures of Patsy[10]

The Phantom
1936 (February 17)
Lee Falk
The Phantom

text: Other media[edit]

text:
Character / Team
Year Debuted
Creator/s
Media

Ôgon Batto (the Golden Bat)
1930
Takeo Nagamatsu
Kamishibai
(Japanese scroll show)

Hugo Danner
1930
Philip Wylie
Gladiator (novel)

text:
Character / Team
Year Debuted
Creator/s
Media

Dan Dunn
1933
Norman Marsh
Original Comic Book Character

Dick Tracy
1931 (October 4)
Chester Gould
Newspaper Comic

Flash Gordon
1934 (January 7)
Alex Raymond
Newspaper Comic

text: Comic book[edit]

text:
Character / Team
Year Debuted
Company
Creator/s
First Appearance

Doctor Occult (Doctor Mystic)
1935 (October)
DC
Jerry Siegel, Joe Shuster
New Fun Comics #6

The Clock
1936 (November)
Comics Magazine Co
George Brenner
Funny Pages #6 or Funny Picture Stories #1

Sheena, Queen of the Jungle
1937
Fiction House
Will Eisner and S.M. "Jerry" Iger
Wags #1

Superman (Clark Kent)
1938 (June)
DC
Jerry Siegel, Joe Shuster
Action Comics #1

Zatara
1938 (June)
DC
Fred Guardineer
Action Comics #1

Americommando (Harold "Tex" Thompson)
1938 (June)
DC
Ken Fitch, Bernard Baily
Action Comics #1

Fatman (Bob Daley)
1938 (July)
DC
Ken Fitch, Bernard Baily
Action Comics #2

Arrow
1938 (September)
Centaur Publications
Paul Gustavson
Funny Pages vol. 2 #10 (or #21)

Crimson Avenger (Lee Travis)
1938 (October)
DC
Jim Chambers
Detective Comics #20

Batman (Bruce Wayne)
1939 (March)
DC
Bob Kane, Bill Finger
Detective Comics #27

Namor the Sub-Mariner
1939 (April)
Marvel/Timely
Bill Everett
Motion Picture Funnies Weekly #1

Wonder Man (Fox)
1939 (May)
Fox Publications
Will Eisner
Wonder Comics #1

The Flame (Gary Preston)
1939 (June)
Fox Publications
Will Eisner
Wonderworld Comics #3

Sandman (Wesley Dodds)
1939 (July)
DC
Gardner Fox, Bert Christman
World's Fair Comics #1

Blue Beetle (Dan Garret)
1939 (August)
Fox Publications
Charles Nicholas
Mystery Men Comics #1

Green Mask (Michael Shelby)
1939 (August)
Fox Publications
Walter Frehm
Mystery Men Comics #1

Bozo the Iron Man
1939 (August)
Quality Comics
George Brenner
Smash Comics #1

Amazing-Man (Centaur Publications)
1939 (September)
Centaur Publications
Bill Everett
Amazing-Man Comics #5

The Human Torch (Jim Hammond, original)
1939 (October)
Marvel/Timely
Carl Burgos
Marvel Comics #1

Angel (Thomas Halloway)
1939 (October)
Marvel/Timely
Paul Gustavson
Marvel Comics #1

Shock Gibson
1939 (October)
Brookwood Publications
Maurice Scott
Speed Comics #1

Ultra-Man (Gary Concord, Jr.)
1939 (November)
DC
Jon L. Blummer
All-American Comics #8

Doll Man
1939 (December)
Quality Comics
Will Eisner
Feature Comics #27

text: Newspaper comics[edit]

text:
Character / Team / Series
Year Debuted
Creator/s
Series

The Spirit
1940 (June 2)
Will Eisner
The Spirit

Invisible Scarlet O'Neil
1940 (June 3)
Russell Stamm
Invisible Scarlet O'Neil

text: Comic book[edit]

text:
Character / Team
Year Debuted
Company
Creator/s
First Appearance

Flash (Jay Garrick)
1940 (January)
DC
Gardner Fox, Harry Lampert
Flash Comics #1

Hawkman (Carter Hall)
1940 (January)
DC
Gardner Fox
Flash Comics #1

Johnny Thunder
1940 (January)
DC
John W. Wentworth, Stan Asch
Flash Comics #1

Whip (Rodney Gaynor)
1940 (January)
DC
John B. Wentworth, George Storm
Flash Comics #1

The Shield (Archie)
1940 (January)
MLJ/Archie
Harry Shorten, Irv Novick
Pep Comics #1

Captain Marvel (DC Comics)
1940 (February)
Fawcett Comics/DC
C. C. Beck, Bill Parker (comics)
Whiz Comics #2

Electro (comics)
1940 (February)
Marvel/Timely
Steve Dahlman
Marvel Mystery #4

Spectre (comics) (Jim Corrigan)
1940 (February)
DC
Jerry Siegel
More Fun Comics #52

Doc Strange
1940 (February)
Nedor Comics
Richard E. Hughes, Alexander Kostuk
Thrilling Comics #1

Hourman (Rex Tyler)
1940 (March)
DC
Ken Fitch, Bernard Bailey
Adventure Comics #48

Black Marvel (Daniel Lyons)
1940 (March)
Marvel/Timely
Al Gabriele and unknown writer
Mystic Comics #5

Blazing Skull (Mark Todd)
1940 (March)
Marvel/Timely

Mystic Comics #5

Robin (comics) (Dick Grayson, original)
1940 (April)
DC
Bob Kane, Bill Finger, Jerry Robinson
Detective Comics #38

Catwoman (Selina Kyle)
1940 (April)
DC
Bob Kane, Bill Finger
Batman #1

Bulletman and Bulletgirl
1940 (May)
Fawcett Comics/DC
Bill Parker (comics)
Nickel Comics #1

Doctor Fate (Kent Nelson & Nabu)
1940 (May)
DC
Gardner Fox, Howard Sherman
More Fun Comics #55

Scarlet Avenger
1940 (June)

Harry Shorten, Irv Novick
Zip Comics #1

Uncle Sam (comics)
1940 (July)
Quality Comics/DC
Will Eisner
National Comics #1

Green Lantern (Alan Scott, original)
1940 (July)
DC
Martin Nodell, Bill Finger
All-American Comics #16

The Red Bee
1940 (July)
Quality Comics/DC
Toni Blum, Charles Nicholas
Hit Comics #1

Daredevil (Gleason Publications)
1940 (September)
Gleason Publications
Jack Binder (comics)
Silver Streak #6

Atom (Al Pratt)
1940 (October)
DC
Ben Flinton, Bill O'Conner
All-American Comics #19

Vision (Timely Comics)
1940 (November)
Marvel/Timely
Joe Simon, Jack Kirby
Marvel Mystery Comics #13

Red Tornado (Ma Hunkel)
1940 (November)
DC
Sheldon Mayer
All-American Comics #20

Quicksilver (Max Mercury)
1940 (November)
Quality Comics/DC
Jack Cole (artist), Chuck Mazoujian
National Comics #5

Justice Society of America
1940 (Winter)
DC
Gardner Fox
All Star Comics #3

Black Terror
1941 (January)
Nedor Comics
Richard E. Hughes, Don Gabrielson
Exciting Comics #9

Professor Supermind and Son
1941 (February)
Dell Comics

Popular Comics #60

Captain America (Steve Rogers)
1941 (March)
Marvel/Timely
Joe Simon, Jack Kirby
Captain America Comics #1

Starman (Ted Knight) (Ted Knight)
1941 (April)
DC
Gardner Fox, Jack Burnley
Adventure Comics #61

Doctor Mid-Nite (Charles McNider)
1941 (April)
DC
Charles Reizenstein, Stanley Aschmeier
All-American Comics #25

Sargon the Sorcerer
1941 (May)
DC
John B. Wentworth, Howard Purcell
All American Comics #26

Hawkgirl (Shiera Sanders Hall)
1941 (July)
DC
Gardner Fox
Evelyn Gaines

All-Star Comics #5

Whizzer (Robert Frank)
1941 (August)
Marvel/Timely
Al Avison, Al Gabriele
USA Comics #1

American Crusader
1941 (August)
Nedor Comics
Writer and artist unknown
Thrilling Comics #19

Blackhawk (DC Comics)
1941 (August)
Quality Comics/DC
Will Eisner, Chuck Cuidera
Military Comics #1

Miss America (DC Comics)
1941 (August)
Quality Comics/DC

Military Comics #1

711 (Quality Comics)
1941 (August)
Quality Comics/DC
George Brenner
Police Comics #1

Human Bomb
1941 (August)
Quality Comics/DC
Paul Gustavson
Police Comics #1

Plastic Man
1941 (August)
Quality Comics/DC
Jack Cole (artist)
Police Comics #1

Phantom Lady
1941 (August)
Quality Comics/DC
Arthur Peddy
Police Comics #1

Nelvana of the Northern Lights
1941 (August)
Hillborough Studios (Canada)
Adrian Dingle
Triumph Comics #1

Johnny Quick (Johnny Chambers)
1941 (September)
DC
Mort Weisinger, Chad Grothkopf
More Fun Comics #71

Captain Flag
1941 (September)
MLJ/Archie
Joe Blair, Lin Streeter
Blue Ribbon Comics #16

Fighting Yank
1941 (September)
Nedor Comics
Richard Hughes, Jon Blummer
Startling Comics #10

Aquaman
1941 (November)
DC
Mort Weisinger, Paul Norris
More Fun Comics #73

Green Arrow (Oliver Queen) and Speedy (comics)
1941 (November)
DC
Mort Weisinger, Greg Papp
More Fun Comics #73

Sandy the Golden Boy
1941 (December)
DC
Joe Simon and Jack Kirby
Adventure Comics #69

Seven Soldiers of Victory
1941 (December)
DC
Mort Weisinger
Leading Comics #1

Wonder Woman (Diana Prince)
1941 (December)
DC
William Moulton Marston, H. G. Peter
All Star Comics #8 / Sensation Comics #1

Liberator (Nedor)
1941 (December)
Nedor Comics
Writer and artist unknown
Exciting Comics #15

Captain Marvel, Jr.
1941 (December)
Fawcett Comics/DC
Ed Herron, Mac Raboy
Whiz Comics #25

Wildcat (comics)
1942 (January)
DC
Bill Finger, Irwin Hasen
Sensation Comics #1

Mister Terrific (comics)(Terry Sloane)
1942 (January)
DC
Chuck Reizenstein, Hal Sharp
Sensation Comics #1

Air Wave
1942 (February)
DC
Murray Boltinoff or Mort Weisinger, and Lee Harris (illustrator)
Detective Comics #60

Johnny Canuck (as superhero)
1942 (February)
[Canada]
Leo Bachle
Dime Comics #1

Manhunter (comics) (Paul Kirk)
1942 (April)
DC
Jack Kirby, Joe Simon
Adventure Comics #73

Manhunter (comics) (Dan Richards)
1942 (March)
Quality Comics/DC

Police Comics #8

Robotman (Robert Crane)
1942 (April)
DC
Jerry Siegel, Leo Nowak
Star-Spangled Comics #7

Commando Yank
1942 (July)
Fawcett Comics/DC

Wow Comics #6

Captain Commando
1942 (August)

S.M. "Jerry" Iger, Alex Blum
Pep Comics #30

Kid Eternity
1942 (December)
Quality Comics/DC
Otto Binder, Sheldon Moldoff
Hit Comics #25

Mary Marvel
1942 (December)
Fawcett Comics/DC
Otto Binder, Marc Swayze
Captain Marvel Adventures #18

Canada Jack
1943 (March)

George Menendez Rae
Canadian Heroes Vol. 1, #5

Miss America (Marvel Comics)
1943 (November)
Marvel/Timely
Otto Binder, Al Gabriele
Marvel Mystery Comics #49

Grim Reaper (Nedor)
1944 (May)
Nedor Comics
Author unknown, artist Al Camy
Fighting Yank #7

Superboy (Clark Kent)
1945 (January)
DC
Don Cameron, Jerry Siegel, Joe Shuster
More Fun Comics #101

All-Winners Squad
1946 (Fall)
Marvel/Timely
Martin Goodman (publisher), Bill Finger
All Winners Comics #19

Black Canary
1947 (August)
DC
Robert Kanigher, Carmine Infantino
Flash Comics #86

Moon Girl
1947 (Fall)

Gardner Fox, Sheldon Moldoff
The Happy Houligans #1

Golden Girl (Betsy Ross)
1947 (December)
Marvel/Timely

Captain America #1 (As Betsy Ross); Captain America #66 (As Golden Girl)

text: Other media[edit]

text:
Character / Team / Series
Year Debuted
Creator/s
First Appearance

Maximo
1940
Russell Winterbotham
Maximo, the Amazing Superman(Big Little Book)

text: Comic book[edit]

text:
Character / Team
Year Debuted
Company
Creator/s
First Appearance

Captain Comet
1951 (June)
DC
John Broome, Carmine Infantino
Strange Adventures #9

Phantom Stranger
1952 (August)
DC
John Broome, Carmine Infantino, Sy Barry
Phantom Stranger #1

Marvelman (later Miracleman)
1954 (February)
[U.K.]
Mick Anglo
Marvelman #25

Captain Flash
1954 (November)

Mike Sekowsky (artist, writer unknown)
Captain Flash #1

Martian Manhunter
1955 (November)
DC
Joseph Samachson, Joe Certa
Detective Comics #225

Batwoman (Kathy Kane, 1st ver)
1956 (July)
DC
Edmond Hamilton, Sheldon Moldoff
Detective Comics #233

Flash (Barry Allen, 2nd ver)
1956 (October)
DC
Robert Kanigher, Carmine Infantino
Showcase #4

Challengers of the Unknown
1957 (February)
DC
Jack Kirby
Showcase #6

Legion of Super-Heroes
1958 (April)
DC
Mort Weisinger, Otto Binder
Adventure Comics #247

Super Girl (tryout version)
1958 (August)
DC
Otto Binder, Al Plastino
Superman #123

Adam Strange
1958 (November)
DC
Gardner Fox, Mike Sekowsky
Showcase Comics #17

Herbie Popnecker
1958 (December)

Richard E. Hughes, Ogden Whitney
Forbidden Worlds #73

Lady Blackhawk
1959 (February)
DC
Jack Schiff and Dick Dillin
Blackhawks #133

Supergirl (Kara Zor-El)
1959 (May)
DC
Otto Binder, Al Plastino
Action Comics #252

The Fly (Archie Comics)
1959 (June)
Archie Comics
Joe Simon, Jack Kirby
The Double Life of Private Strong #1

Green Lantern (Hal Jordan) (Hal Jordan, 2nd ver)
1959 (October)
DC
Julius Schwartz, John Broome, Gil Kane
Showcase #22

Kid Flash
1959 (December)
DC
John Broome, Carmine Infantino
The Flash #110

text: Television[edit]

text:
Character / Team / Series
Year Debuted
Creator/s
First Appearance

Captain Video
1955 (April 1)

Captain Video

Gekko Kamen (Moonlight Mask)
1958
Kōhan Kawauchi
Moonlight Mask

text: Comic book[edit]

text:
Character / Team
Year Debuted
Company
Creator/s
First Appearance

Justice League
1960 (February)
DC
Gardner Fox
The Brave and the Bold #28

Captain Atom
1960 (March)
Charlton Comics/DC
Joe Gill, Steve Ditko
Space Adventures #33

Elongated Man
1960 (May)
DC
John Broome, Carmine Infantino
The Flash vol. 1 #112

Groot
1960 (November)
Marvel
Stan Lee, Jack Kirby
Tales to Astonish #13

Hawkman (Katar Hol, 2nd ver)
1961 (February)
DC
Gardner Fox, Joe Kubert
The Brave and the Bold #34

Flygirl
1961 (July)
Archie Comics
Robert Bernstein, John Rosenberger
Adventures of the Fly #13

The Jaguar
1961 (September)
Archie Comics
Robert Bernstein
The Adventures of the Jaguar #1

The Atom (Ray Palmer, 2nd ver)
1961 (October)
DC
Julius Schwartz, Gardner Fox, Gil Kane
Showcase #34

Fantastic Four (Mister Fantastic, Invisible Girl, Human Torch (Johnny Storm), The Thing)
1961 (November)
Marvel
Stan Lee, Jack Kirby
The Fantastic Four #1

Ant-Man (Henry Pym)
1962 (January)
Marvel
Stan Lee, Jack Kirby
Tales to Astonish #27

The Hulk (Bruce Banner)
1962 (May)
Marvel
Stan Lee, Jack Kirby
The Incredible Hulk #1

Spider-Man (Peter Parker)
1962 (August)
Marvel
Stan Lee, Steve Ditko
Amazing Fantasy #15

Thor (Thor Odinson)
1962 (August)
Marvel
Stan Lee, Jack Kirby
Journey into Mystery #83

Doctor Solar
1962 (October)
Gold Key Comics
Paul S. Newman, Matt Murphy
Doctor Solar, Man of the Atom #1

Wonder Wart-Hog
1962
Underground
Gilbert Shelton
Bacchanal

Magnus, Robot Fighter
1963 (February)
Gold Key Comics
Chase Craig, Russ Manning
Magnus Robot Fighter 4000 A.D. #1

Iron Man (Tony Stark)
1963 (March)
Marvel
Stan Lee, Jack Kirby, Don Heck
Tales of Suspense #39

Doom Patrol (The Chief, Robotman (Cliff Steele), Elasti-Girl (Rita Farr), Negative Man)
1963 (June)
DC
Bob Haney, Arnold Drake, Bruno Premiani
My Greatest Adventure #80

Wasp
1963 (June)
Marvel
Stan Lee, Jack Kirby
Tales to Astonish #44

Doctor Strange (Stephen Strange)
1963 (July)
Marvel
Stan Lee, Steve Ditko
Strange Tales #110

X-Men (Professor X, Cyclops, Angel (Warren Worthington), Beast, Iceman, Marvel Girl)
1963 (September)
Marvel
Stan Lee, Jack Kirby
X-Men #1

The Avengers
1963 (September)
Marvel
Stan Lee, Jack Kirby, Dick Ayers
Avengers #1

Quicksilver
1964 (March)
Marvel
Stan Lee, Jack Kirby
X-Men #4

Scarlet Witch
1964 (March)
Marvel
Stan Lee, Jack Kirby
X-Men #4

Black Widow
1964 (April)
Marvel
Stan Lee, Don Rico, Don Heck
Tales of Suspense #52

Daredevil (Matt Murdock)
1964 (April)
Marvel
Stan Lee, Bill Everett
Daredevil #1

Hawkeye (Clint Barton)
1964 (July)
Marvel
Stan Lee, Don Heck
Tales of Suspense #57

Teen Titans
1964 (July)
DC
Robert Haney, Bruno Premiani
The Brave and the Bold #54

Wonder Man
1964 (October)
Marvel
Stan Lee, Jack Kirby
Avengers #9

Zatanna
1964 (November)
DC
Gardner Fox, Murphy Anderson
Hawkman #4

Metamorpho
1965 (January)
DC
Bob Haney, Ramona Fradon
The Brave and the Bold #57

Hercules
1965 (June)
Marvel
Stan Lee, Jack Kirby
Journey into Mystery Annual #1

Animal Man
1965 (September)
DC
Dave Wood, Carmine Infantino
Strange Adventures #180

Mighty Crusaders
1965
Archie Comics
Jerry Siegel, Paul Reinman
Fly-Man #31

T.H.U.N.D.E.R. Agents
1965 (November)
Tower
Wally Wood
T.H.U.N.D.E.R. Agents #1

Silver Surfer
1966 (March)
Marvel
Stan Lee, Jack Kirby
Fantastic Four #48

Black Panther
1966 (July)
Marvel
Stan Lee, Jack Kirby
Fantastic Four #52

Nightshade
1966 (September)
Charlton Comics/DC
Joe Gill, Steve Ditko
Captain Atom #82

Blue Beetle (Ted Kord, 2nd ver)
1966 (November)
Charlton Comics/DC
Steve Ditko
Captain Atom #83

Batgirl (Barbara Gordon)
1967 (January)
DC
Gardner Fox, Carmine Infantino
Detective Comics #359

Banshee
1967 (January)
Marvel
Roy Thomas, Werner Roth
X-Men #28

Question
1967 (June)
Charlton Comics/DC
Steve Ditko
Blue Beetle #1

Black Knight
1967 (December)
Marvel
Roy Thomas, John Buscema
Avengers #47

Captain Marvel (Mar-Vell)
1967 (December)
Marvel
Stan Lee, Gene Colan
Marvel Super Heroes #12

Carol Danvers (a.k.a. Ms. Marvel, Binary, Warbird)
1968 (March)
Marvel
Roy Thomas, Gene Colan
Marvel Super Heroes #13

The Creeper
1968 (March)
DC
Steve Ditko
Showcase #73

Vision
1968 (October)
Marvel
Roy Thomas, John Buscema
Avengers #57

Polaris
1968 (October)
Marvel
Arnold Drake, Don Heck, Werner Roth, Jim Steranko
X-Men #49

Guardians of the Galaxy (1st version)
1969 (January)
Marvel
Arnold Drake, Gene Colan
Marvel Super-Heroes #18

Havok
1969 (March)
Marvel
Arnold Drake, Don Heck, Neal Adams
X-Men #54

Falcon (Sam Wilson)
1969 (September)
Marvel
Stan Lee, Gene Colan
Captain America #117

text: Television[edit]

text:
Character / Team / Series
Year Debuted
Creator/s
First Appearance

Ultraman
1966
Eiji Tsuburaya
Ultraman

Captain Nice
1967 (January)
Buck Henry
Captain Nice

Mister Terrific (Stanley Beamish)
1967 (January)

Mr. Terrific

The Mighty Heroes
(Strong Man, Cuckoo Man, Tornado Man, Rope Man, Diaper Man)

1966
Ralph Bakshi
Mighty Mouse Playhouse

Space Ghost
1966
Alex Toth
William Hanna & Joseph Barbera

Space Ghost and Dino Boy

Birdman
1967
Alex Toth
William Hanna & Joseph Barbera

Birdman and the Galaxy Trio

Ultra Seven
1967
Eiji Tsuburaya
Ultra Seven

text: Radio[edit]

text:
Character / Team / Series
Year Debuted
Creator/s
First Appearance

Kalimán
1963
Rafael Cutberto Navarro and Modesto Vázquez González
Kalimán

text: Comic book[edit]

text:
Character / Team
Year Debuted
Company
Creator/s
First Appearance

Sunfire
1970 (January)
Marvel
Roy Thomas, Don Heck
X-Men #64

Valkyrie
1970 (December)
Marvel
Roy Thomas, John Buscema
The Avengers #83

Squadron Supreme
1971 (February)
Marvel
Roy Thomas, Sal Buscema
The Avengers #85-86

The Forever People
1971 (February)
DC
Jack Kirby
The Forever People #1

New Gods
1971 (February)
DC
Jack Kirby
New Gods #1

Mister Miracle
1971 (March)
DC
Jack Kirby
Mister Miracle #1

Big Barda
1971 (March)
DC
Jack Kirby
Mister Miracle #1

Man-Thing
1971 (May)
Marvel
Roy Thomas, Gerry Conway, Gray Morrow
Savage Tales #1

Swamp Thing
1971 (July)
DC
Len Wein, Bernie Wrightson
House of Secrets #92

The Defenders
1971 (December)
Marvel
Roy Thomas
Marvel Feature #1

Luke Cage a.k.a. Power Man
1972 (June)
Marvel
Archie Goodwin, George Tuska
Luke Cage, Hero for Hire #1

Ghost Rider (Johnny Blaze)
1972 (August)
Marvel
Roy Thomas, Gary Friedrich, Mike Ploog
Marvel Spotlight #5

Drax The Destroyer
1973 (February)
Marvel
Mike Friedrich, Jim Starlin
Iron Man #55

Brother Voodoo
1973 (September)
Marvel
Len Wein, Gene Colan
Strange Tales #169

Shang-Chi
1973 (December)
Marvel
Steve Englehart, Jim Starlin
Special Marvel Edition #15

Punisher (Frank Castle)
1974 (February)
Marvel
Gerry Conway, Ross Andru
The Amazing Spider-Man #129

Iron Fist
1974 (May)
Marvel
Roy Thomas, Gil Kane
Marvel Premiere #15

Deathlok
1974 (August)
Marvel
Rich Buckler, Doug Moench
Astonishing Tales #25

Wolverine
1974 (October)
Marvel
Len Wein, Herb Trimpe
Incredible Hulk #180 (cameo last panel), #181 first full appearance

Captain Canuck
1975

Richard Comely, Ron Leishman
Captain Canuck #1

All-New, All-Different X-Men (Storm, Nightcrawler, Colossus, Thunderbird)
1975 (May)
Marvel
Len Wein, Dave Cockrum
Giant-Size X-Men #1

Gamora
1975 (June)
Marvel
Jim Starlin
Strange Tales #180

Moon Knight
1975 (August)
Marvel
Doug Moench, Don Perlin
Werewolf by Night #32

Power Girl
1976 (January)
DC
Gerry Conway
All-Star Comics #58

Star-Lord
1976 (January)
Marvel
Steve Englehart, Steve Gan
Marvel Preview #4

Captain Britain
1976
Marvel
Chris Claremont, Herb Trimpe
Captain Britain Weekly #1

Spider-Woman
1977 (February)
Marvel
Archie Goodwin, Jim Mooney
Marvel Spotlight #32

Black Lightning
1977 (April)
DC
Tony Isabella,
Trevor Von Eeden
Black Lightning #1

3-D Man
1977 (April)
Marvel
Roy Thomas
Marvel Premiere #35

Firestorm
1978 (March)
DC
Gerry Conway, Allen Milgrom
Firestorm, The Nuclear Man #1

Alpha Flight
1979 (April)
Marvel
Chris Claremont, John Byrne
Uncanny X-Men #120

Black Cat
1979 (July)
Marvel
Marv Wolfman, Keith Pollard
The Amazing Spider-Man #194

text: Television[edit]

text:
Character / Team / Series
Year Debuted
Creator/s
First Appearance

El Chapulín Colorado
1970
Roberto Gomez Bolaños
Chespirito (segment: El Chapulín Colorado)

Kamen Rider
1971
Shotaro Ishinomori
Kamen Rider

G-Force
1972

Kagaku ninja tai Gatchaman (Battle of the Planets)

Six Million Dollar Man
1973 (March 7)
Martin Caiden
The Six Million Dollar Man movie (based on 1972 novel Cyborg)

The Bionic Woman
1975 (March 16)
Kenneth Johnson
The Six Million Dollar Man (episode: "The Bionic Woman")

text: Comic book[edit]

text:
Character / Team
Year Debuted
Company
Creator/s
First Appearance

Kitty Pryde
1980 (January)
Marvel
Chris Claremont, John Byrne
Uncanny X-Men #129

Emma Frost
1980 (January)
Marvel
Chris Claremont, John Byrne
Uncanny X-Men #129

Dazzler
1980 (February)
Marvel
Tom DeFalco, Louise Simonson, Roger Stern
Uncanny X-Men #130

She-Hulk
1980 (February)
Marvel
Stan Lee, John Buscema
Savage She-Hulk #1

Elektra
1981 (January)
Marvel
Frank Miller
Daredevil #168

Omega Men
1981 (January)
DC
Marv Wolfman, Joe Staton
Green Lantern #136

Captain Victory and the Galactic Rangers
1981 (November)
DC
Jack Kirby
Captain Victory and the Galactic Rangers #1

Rogue
1981 (November)
Marvel
Chris Claremont, Michael Golden
Avengers Annual #10

Rocket Raccoon
1982 (May)
Marvel
Bill Mantlo, Keith Giffen
Incredible Hulk #271

Monica Rambeau (a.k.a. Captain Marvel, Photon, Pulsar)
1982 (December)
Marvel
Roger Stern, John Romita, Jr.
The Amazing Spider-Man Annual #16

New Mutants
1982 (December)
Marvel
Chris Claremont
The New Mutants, Marvel Graphic Novel #4

The Maxx
1982
Comico
Sam Kieth
Primer #5 (as Max the Hare), The Maxx #1 (as The Maxx)

Robin (Jason Todd)
1983 (March)
DC Comics
Jim Starlin, Max Collins
"Batman" #357

Lobo (DC Comics)
1983 (June)
DC
Roger Slifer, Keith Giffen
Omega Men #3

Outsiders
1983 (July)
DC
Mike Barr, Jim Aparo
The Brave and the Bold #200

American Flagg
1983 (October)
First Comics
Howard Chaykin
American Flagg #1

Atari Force
1984 (January)
DC
Gerry Conway, Roy Thomas, Ross Andru
Atari Force #1

Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles
1984 (May)
Mirage
Kevin Eastman, Peter Laird
Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles #1

Power Pack
1984 (August)
Marvel
Louise Simonson, June Brigman
Power Pack (Vol. 1) #1

West Coast Avengers
1984 (September)
Marvel
Roger Stern, Bob Hall
West Coast Avengers (Vol. 1) #1

Femforce
1984 (September)
AC Comics
Bill Black, Stephanie Sanderson, Mark Heike
Femforce Special

Julia Carpenter (a.k.a. Spider-Woman, Arachne)
1984 (October)
Marvel
Jim Shooter, Mike Zeck
Secret Wars #6-7

Northguard
1984
[Canada]
Mark Shainblum, Gabriel Morrissette
New Triumph featuring Northguard #1

Zot
1984
Eclipse Comics
Scott McCloud
Zot! #1

Mr. Monster
1984

Michael T. Gilbert
Vanguard Illustrated #7

Fleur de Lys
1985
[Canada]
Mark Shainblum, Gabriel Morrissette
New Triumph featuring Northguard #5

Nagraj
1986 (January)
Raj Comics
Sanjay Gupta
Nagraj #1

X-Factor
1986 (February)
Marvel
Bob Layton, Jackson Guice, Josef Rubinstein
X-Factor #1

Booster Gold
1986 (February)
DC
Dan Jurgens
Booster Gold #1

Savage Dragon
1986 (February)

Erik Larsen
Megaton #3

Watchmen
1986 (September)
DC
Alan Moore, Dave Gibbons
Watchmen #1

Super Commando Dhruva
1987 (April)
Raj Comics
Anupam Sinha
GENL #74 Pratishodh Ki Jwala

Excalibur
1988 (April)
Marvel
Chris Claremont, Alan Davis
Excalibur: The Sword is Drawn

The Crow
1989 (January)
Caliber
James O'Barr
Caliber Presents #1

Robin (Tim Drake)
1989 (August)
DC Comics
Marv Wolfman
Batman #436

New Warriors
1989 (December)
Marvel
Tom DeFalco, Ron Frenz
Thor #411

Dawn
1989 (December)
Sirius Entertainment
Joseph Michael Linsner
Cry for Dawn #1

text: Television[edit]

text:
Character / Team / Series
Year Debuted
Creator/s
First Appearance

Ralph Hinkley
1981 (March)

The Greatest American Hero

Thundercats
1985
Tobin "Ted" Wolf & Rankin/Bass Productions

Silverhawks
1986
Rankin/Bass Productions

Tigersharks
1987
Rankin/Bass Productions

text: Comic book[edit]

text:
Character / Team
Year Debuted
Company
Creator/s
First Appearance

Cable (comics)
1990 (March)
Marvel
Louise Simonson, Rob Liefeld
The New Mutants #87 X-Men #201 (January 1986, as Nathan Summers)

Gambit (comics)
1990 (August)
Marvel
Chris Claremont, Jim Lee
X-Men #266

Bhokal
1991 (January)
Raj Comics
Sanjay Gupta
Bhokal #1

Darkhawk
1991 (February)
Marvel
Tom Defalco, Mike Manley
Marvel Age #97

Deadpool
1991 (February)
Marvel
Rob Liefeld, Fabian Nicieza
The New Mutants #98

X-Force
1991 (April)
Marvel
Rob Liefeld
The New Mutants #100

Jesse Quick (daughter of Johnny Quick and Liberty Belle)
1991 (April)
DC
Len Strazewski, Mike Parobeck
Justice Society of America (vol. 2) #1

Next Men
1991 (September)
Dark Horse
John Byrne
Dark Horse Presents #54

Parmanu
1991 (October)
Raj Comics
Sanjay Gupta
Nagraj and Super Commando Dhruva #1

Bishop (comics)
1991 (November)
Marvel
Whilce Portacio Jim Lee
X-Men #282

Spawn
1992 (May)
Image
Todd McFarlane
Spawn #1

War Machine
1992 (June)
Marvel
Len Kaminski, Kev Hopgood
Iron Man #281

Eternal Warrior
1992 (June)
Valiant Comics
Jim Shooter
Solar: Man of the Atom #10

WildC.A.T.s
1992 (August )
Image Comics
Jim Lee

Supreme
1992 (August)
Image
Rob Liefeld
Youngblood #3

Doga
1992 (November)
Raj Comics
Tarunkumar Wahi, Sanjay Gupta and Manu
Curfew

Stormwatch
1993 (March)
Image
Jim Lee
Stormwatch #1

Gen¹³
1993 (September)
Image
Jim Lee, Brandon Choi
Deathmate #Black

Hellboy
1993 (December)
Dark Horse
Mike Mignola
Next Men #21

Prime
1993
Malibu Comics
Gerard Jones, Len Strazewski, Norm Breyfogle
Prime #1

Static
1993
DC
Dwayne McDuffie, John Paul Leon
Static #1

Bheriya
1994 (January)
Raj Comics
Dheeraj Verma
Bheriya #1

Purgatori
1994
Chaos! Comics
Brian Pulido, Steven Hughes
Lady Death #3

Generation X
1994
Marvel
Scott Lobdell, Chris Bachalo
X-Men #318

Starman (Jack Knight)
1994
DC
James Robinson, Tony Harris
Starman #0

Astro City
1995
Image
Kurt Busiek, Brent Anderson
Astro City #1

Mr. Hero the Newmatic Man
1995

Neil Gaiman, James Vance, Ted Slampyak
Neil Gaiman's Mr. Hero, The Newmatic Man #1

X-Man
1995
Marvel
Jeph Loeb, Steve Skroce
X-Man #1

The Thunderbolts
1997
Marvel
Kurt Busiek, Mark Bagley
The Incredible Hulk #449

The Authority
1999
Wildstorm/DC
Warren Ellis, Bryan Hitch
The Authority vol. 1 #1

text: Movies[edit]

text:
Character / Team / Series
Year Debuted
Creator/s
First Appearance

The Rocketeer
1991
Dave Stevens

Meteor Man
1993

text: Television[edit]

text:
Character / Team / Series
Year Debuted
Creator/s
First Appearance

The Adventures of T-Rex
1992
Lee Gunther & Michael Wehl

Power Rangers
1993
Haim Saban
Mighty Morphin Power Rangers

VR Troopers
1994
Haim Saban
VR Troopers

Masked Rider
1995
Haim Saban
Masked Rider

Beetleborgs
1996
Haim Saban
Big Bad Beetleborgs

Astralborgs
1997
Haim Saban
Beetleborgs Metallix

Shaktimaan
1997
Mukesh Khanna
Shaktimaan

text: Comic book[edit]

text:
Character / Team
Year Debuted
Company
Creator/s
First Appearance

Black Fox (Dr. Robert William Paine)
2000
Marvel
Roger Stern, John Byrne
Marvel: The Lost Generation #12

Buzz
2000
Marvel
Tom DeFalco, Ron Frenz
Spider-Girl #18

Night Eagle
2000
DC
J.M. DeMatteis, Mike Miller
The Adventures of Superman #586

Sentry
2000
Marvel
Paul Jenkins, Jae Lee, Rick Veitch
The Sentry #1

Typeface
2000
Marvel
Paul Jenkins, Mark Buckingham
Peter Parker: Spider-Man v2 #23

Orpheus
2001
DC
Alex Simmons, Dwayne Turner
Batman: Orpheus Rising #1

Spike
2001
Marvel
Peter Milligan, Mike Allred
X-Force #121

Ultimate Marvel characters
2001
Marvel
various
Ultimate Spider-Man #1

X-Statix
2001
Marvel
Peter Milligan, Mike Allred
X-Force #116

X-Treme X-Men
2001
Marvel
Chris Claremont
X-Treme X-Men #1

Runaways
2002
Marvel
Brian K. Vaughan, Adrian Alphona
Runaways vol. 1 #1

Invincible
2002
Image
Robert Kirkman, Cory Walker
Noble Causes: Family Secrets #3

Super Buddies
2003
DC
Keith Giffen, J. M. DeMatteis, Kevin Maguire, Joe Rubinstein
Formerly Known as the Justice League #1

X-23
2003
Marvel
Craig Kyle
NYX #3

Anya Corazon
2004
Marvel
Fiona Avery, Mark Brooks
Amazing Fantasy vol. 2 #1

Doc Frankenstein
2004

Geof Darrow, Steve Skroce, Wachowski Brothers
Doc Frankenstein #1

Freakshow
2004
Marvel
Chris Claremont
Excalibur vol. 3 #1

Young Avengers
2005
Marvel
Allan Heinberg, Jim Cheung
Young Avengers #1

Blue Beetle (Jamie Reyes, 3rd ver)
2006
DC
Keith Giffen, John Rogers, Cully Hamner
Infinite Crisis #5

Crimson Chin
2006

Butch Hartman
The Fairly OddParents #1

Miss Martian
2006
DC
Geoff Johns, Tony Daniel
Teen Titans vol. 3, #37

The 99
2007
Teshkeel Comics
Naif Al-Mutawa
The 99 #1

Atomic Robo
2007

Brian Clevinger, Scott Wegener
Atomic Robo #46

Bob, Agent of HYDRA
2007
Marvel
Fabian Nicieza
Cable & Deadpool #38

Forerunner
2007
DC
Jimmy Palmiotti, Justin Gray, Jesus Saiz.
Countdown #46

Anna Mercury
2008

Warren Ellis
Anna Mercury #1

Blue Marvel
2008
Marvel
Kevin Grevioux
Adam: Legend of the Blue Marvel #1

Kick-Ass
2008

Mark Millar
Kick-Ass #1

She-Hulk (Lyra)
2008
Marvel
Jeff Parker, Mitch Breitweiser
Hulk: Raging Thunder #1

Guardians of the Galaxy 2nd version
2008 (April)
Marvel
Dan Abnett, Andy Lanning
Annhiliation Conquest #6

Achilles Warkiller
2009
DC
Gail Simone, Aaron Lopresti
Wonder Woman (vol. 3) #30

Haunt
2009
Image
Robert Kirkman, Todd McFarlane
Haunt #1

King Chimera
2009
DC
Matthew Sturges, Fernando Pasarin
Justice Society of America (vol. 3) #24

Mot
2009

Nick Simmons
Incarnate #1

text: Movies[edit]

text:
Character / Team / Series
Year Debuted
Creator/s
First Appearance

David Dunn
2000
M. Night Shyamalan
Unbreakable (film)

The Incredibles, Frozone
2004
Brad Bird
The Incredibles

Catwoman (Patience Phillips, 2nd ver)
2004

Catwoman

Sky High students and graduates
2005
Paul Hernandez, Robert Schooley, Mark McCorkle
Sky High

Krrish
2006
Rakesh Roshan
Krrish

Zenith Team (Captain Zoom, Concussion, Mega-Boy, Wonder, Houdini, Princess, Marsha Holloway)
2006
Adam Rifkin
Zoom

John Hancock
2008
Vincent Ngo
Hancock

text: Television[edit]

text:
Character / Team / Series
Year Debuted
Creator/s
First Appearance

Danny Phantom
2004
Butch Hartman
Danny Phantom

Ben Tennyson
2005
Man of Action (Duncan Rouleau, Joe Casey, Joe Kelly, and Steven T. Seagle)
Ben 10

Heroes
2006
Tim Kring
Heroes

Kamen Rider Dragon Knight
2009
Steve Wang
Kamen Rider: Dragon Knight

text: Comic book[edit]

text:
Character / Team
Year Debuted
Company
Creator/s
First Appearance

Biały Orzeł (White Eagle)
2011
Wizuale (Poland)
Maciej Kmiołek & Adam Kmiołek
Biały Orzeł #1

Soundman
2012

Brian Bondurant
"Power Couple!" (part of Kumate Works anthology)

Captain China
2012
Excel Comics [China]
Chi Wang & Jim Lai
Captain China #1 - The World's Greatest Communist Super Hero!

Miss Marvel
2014
Marvel
Sana Amanat
Captain Marvel #14

Spider-Gwen
2014
Marvel
Jason Latour and Robbi Rodriguez
Edge of Spider-Verse #2

Gwenpool
2016
Marvel
Chris Bachalo
Howard the Duck Vol 6 #1

text: Movies[edit]

text:
Character / Team
Year Debuted
Company
Creator/s
First Appearance

Cutthroat, Charge, Shadow, The Wall
2011

Jason Trost
Vs

Andrew Detmer, Matt Garetty, Steve Montgomery
2017

Emilio Insolera
Sign Gene

text: Television[edit]

text:
Character / Team
Year Debuted
Company
Creator/s
First Appearance

Powell family
2010
Ra. One
Greg Berlanti, Jon Harmon Feldman
No Ordinary Family

The Cape
2011

Tom Wheeler
The Cape


document_title: Ichigo Kurosaki

question_text: what is the name of ichigo's sword in bleach

question_tokens: what is the name of ichigo 's sword in bleach

root

text: Ichigo Kurosaki

text: Creation and conception[edit]

text: When drawing the manga series, Kubo commented that Rukia Kuchiki, the first Bleach character he introduced, was originally intended to be the protagonist. Through subsequent development of the series, however, Kubo decided to make her a valued ally and instead introduced Ichigo as the central character.[7] Initial design sketches show Ichigo wearing glasses, and having dark hair and softer eyes. When designing Rukia, however, Kubo modified Ichigo's appearance to contrast with hers, giving Ichigo orange hair, a trademark scowl, and removing the glasses.[8] During the series' first chapter, Ichigo's wristwatch was based on one Kubo himself wore at the time. In later chapters, his wristwatch was based on Naoto Fukasawa's W11K cellphone.[9] According to Kubo, Ichigo, along with Orihime Inoue, are the most arduous characters to sketch.[10] While illustrating one of Ichigo's scenes, Kubo found it awkward to draw him with a cheerful smile.[11]

tag: p

text: Kubo has stated that Ichigo's greatest strength is his considerate and thoughtful nature; he always thinks about other's needs. However, he also noted it as his greatest weakness, since worrying about his friends tends to put him in danger. When asked in an interview if he had any plans to focus on the love triangle between Ichigo, Orihime, and Rukia, Kubo chose neither to confirm nor deny it as he didn't want to focus on romance.[12] Kubo attributes Ichigo's popularity among readers to the fact that he "looks cool". He also mentioned that as people read more about him they will discover that he is a warm and kind-hearted person.[13]

text: Following over fifty volumes of the manga's released, Kubo believes that Ichigo was the most developed character. He said that Ichigo leads the story and introduces readers to the events in it. When the Arrancar arc ended, Kubo rebooted the series which resulted in Ichigo losing his Soul Reaper powers.[14] In the same way Ichigo became a Soul Reaper during the series' first chapter; he starts searching for methods to recover his original powers.[15]

text: Ichigo is voiced by Masakazu Morita in the Japanese anime, while as a child he is voiced by Yuki Matsuoka.[1][2] Morita said that Ichigo was one of his favorite characters he ever played alongside Tidus from Final Fantasy X.[16] Johnny Yong Bosch voices him in the English dub as a teenager, and Mona Marshall as a kid.[3][4] While describing Ichigo as one of his best roles, Morita notes that voicing him can be at times difficult.[17] Bosch has enjoyed voicing Ichigo's character due to his personal interest in the character's morals. However, he experienced difficulty voicing him in some scenes where Ichigo shouts for a long time.[18]

text: Appearances[edit]

text: In Bleach[edit]

text: Ichigo is one of the teenagers attending Karakura High School and having the ability to see ghosts. He meets a Soul Reaper named Rukia Kuchiki from a secret organization called the Soul Society who are in charge of sending souls to the afterlife. At the same time, Ichigo's family is attacked by a Hollow, a deceased spirit that became a warped soul-eating monster which Soul Reapers deal with. After being wounded in an attempt to shield Ichigo from a Hollow attack, Rukia transmits her Soul Reaper powers to him so he can save his family.[19] In following months, Ichigo acts in Rukia's place as the Soul Reaper in protecting Karakura Town from Hollows as their friendship continues to bloom.[20] Ichigo's past is also revealed as he faces the Grand Fisher, a hollow who killed his mother when he was nine years old.[21] In time, the Soul Society sends two high-seated officers to take Rukia back for committing the crime of transferring her Soul Reaper powers to a human.[22] In training with Kisuke Urahara in order to rescue Rukia, Ichigo obtains his own Soul Reaper powers and learns the name of his Zanpakutō, Zangetsu (斬月, literally “Slaying Moon”).[23] In his search for Rukia, Ichigo is confronted by members of Gotei 13, the main military force in the Soul Society. As he approaches the prison where Rukia is being held captive, Ichigo does battle with, faces and defeats enemy Soul Reapers including Renji Abarai, Kenpachi Zaraki,[24] Byakuya Kuchiki, who adopted Rukia as his sister. For his match against Byakuya, Ichigo learns his Bankai, Tensa Zangetsu (天鎖斬月, literally “Heaven Chain Slaying Moon”), which highly increases his speed. After a long fight, he defeats Byakuya, who confesses why he tried to kill his sister.[25] Captain Sōsuke Aizen, who faked his death prior, have been behind Rukia's sentencing and the chaos that plagued the Soul Society. He flees to Hollows' realm of Hueco Mundo before the other Soul Reapers can apprehend him.[26][27]

text: In time, Aizen begins targeting Karakura Town with an army of Arrancars, Hollows that assumed human form with Soul Reaper powers, after subjecting them to the Hōgyoku.[28] In order to defeat the Arrancars and to control his Hollow powers, Ichigo begins his training with the group of Soul Reaper outcasts known as the Vizard.[29] During the Arrancar's attack on Karakura Town, Ichigo's friend Orihime Inoue has been abducted by Ulquiorra Cifer of the Aizen's strongest Arrancars: The Espadas.[30] When the Soul Society refuses to help save Orihime, Ichigo and his friends go to Hueco Mundo to rescue her.[31] In Hueco Mundo, after defeating the Espada Grimmjow Jaegerjaquez, Ichigo manages to save Orihime and defeat Ulquiorra.[32] Soon after, Ichigo returns from Hueco Mundo to Karakura Town, and confront Aizen. During the battles interim, Ichigo learns a technique called the Final Getsuga Tenshō (最後の月牙天衝, Saigo no Getsuga Tenshō, literally “The Final Moon Fang Heaven-Piercer”) that weakens and defeats Aizen, allowing Urahara to seal him within a kidō barrier, at the expense of his Soul Reaper powers.[33][34]

text: Seventeen months later, Ichigo becomes a senior in high school. The start of the Lost Agent arc describes Ichigo's life after he loses his Soul Reaper powers.[35] One day, he meets Kūgo Ginjō, a Fullbringer from the group Xcution. Ginjo offers to replenish Ichigo's Soul Reaper powers in return for helping him and his group to become ordinary humans.[36] With their help, Ichigo unlocks his own Fullbring powers through his Substitute Soul Reaper Badge.[37] However, Ichigo later learns that Ginjo and his ally Shūkurō Tsukishima, a Fullbringer with ability to change people's memories, used him to take Fullbring powers for Xcution's use.[38] Luckily, Rukia transfers the Reiatsu of the Gotei 13's senior officers and other Shinigami through a special sword and restores Ichigo's Soul Reaper powers. Ichigo fights Ginjo with his improved Shinigami powers and during their duel, it is revealed that Ginjo was the first Substitute Soul Reaper. Despite learning the truth, Ichigo resolves to protect everyone (something about him which Rukia notes has never changed) and kill Ginjo, which he does after a prolonged fight.[39] Though learning from Ginjō that the Soul Society monitor and limit their powers, Ichigo tells the Court Squad that he will continue to fight by their side as he asks for their consent to bury Ginjō.[40]

text: While patrolling Karakura Town, Ichigo is informed about invasion of Hueco Mundo by Wandenreich, a group of Quincies.[41] He goes to Hueco Mundo with his friends to liberate it from one of the Wandenreich's high-ranked officers Quilge Opie. After dealing with Opie, Ichigo finds out that the Quincies are attacking the Soul Society. Arriving just after Head Captain Yamamoto's death, Ichigo encounters the Wandenreich's leader Yhwach.[42] At the end of the encounter, which ends in a draw, Ichigo learns his mother was a Quincy. During the fight, Ichigo's Zanpakutō is shattered while attempting to stop Yhwach from escaping.[43] Ichigo goes back to the World of Living where he learns the truth that his mother was a Quincy who was on a verge of hollowification until she was saved by Isshin at the cost of his Soul Reaper powers.[44] Ichigo later learns that entity he believed to be Zangetsu is actually the embodiment of his Quincy powers yet accept him as he gains his reforged Zanpakutō in its new split Shikai form.[45] During the second invasion by the Wandenreich, Ichigo and his friends confront Yhwach at the Soul King's Palace. During the prolonged fight that followed, Ichigo is defeated by Yhwach. With help from new allies, Ichigo faces Yhwach once again and slices him in two after getting help from the now free Aizen. Ten years after Yhwach's defeat, Ichigo and Orihime have a son named Kazui, who destroys the remnants of Yhwach's power.

text: In other media[edit]

text: Ichigo appears in each films for the series, including Memories of Nobody;[46] The DiamondDust Rebellion;[47] Fade to Black[48] and Hell Verse.[49] He also appears in both of the original video animations; fighting against a Hollow called the Grand Fisher in the first one and combating the rogue Soul Reaper Baishin in the second.[50][51] In the Bleach video games, Ichigo is a playable character, including the Heat the Soul and Blade Battlers series. In some games, his Hollow form and Bankai state are available as separate characters.[52][53] In Rock Musical Bleach, a musical based on the Bleach series, Ichigo is played by Tatsuya Isaka.[54] His character is featured in two volumes from the Bleach Beat Collection CD soundtrack series which features themes composed by his Japanese voice actor, Masakazu Morita. These include the first of them, in which he is the only character and the fourth season's fourth volume along with Rukia.[55][56] Ichigo also appears in the first volume of Bleach Breathless Collection CD soundtrack series together with the embodiment of his Quincy powers that posed as the Zanpakutō spirit Zangetsu.[57]

text: Reception[edit]

text: Amongst the Bleach reader base, Ichigo has been always highly ranked in the Weekly Shōnen Jump popularity polls for the series. He has usually taken first place, though in early 2008 he dropped to third.[58][5] His sword, Zangetsu, also ranked third in the Zanpakutō popularity polls.[59] In the 2007 Japanese Newtype magazine poll, Ichigo was ranked one of the best male anime characters.[60] In the Society for the Promotion of Japanese Animation (SPJA), Ichigo was elected for the best anime male character in 2008.[61][62] The Japanese music distributor Recochoku has made two annual survey of which anime characters that people would like to marry. Ichigo ranked tenth in the category "The Character I Want to Be My Groom" from the 2008 survey and eight in the 2009 poll.[63] Wizard Entertainment considered Ichigo the best hero from 2007, commenting that he doesn't try to be a typical hero but he fights in order to protect his friends.[64] He was also 20th in IGN's "Top 25 Anime Characters of All Time" with comments focused on his design and personality.[65] Ichigo has also appeared twice in the Anime Grand Prix polls, ranking as one of the most popular male anime characters.[66][67] At the first Seiyu Awards in March 2007, Masakazu Morita won in the category "Best Rookie Actor" for his role as Ichigo Kurosaki.[68] Ichigo's voice actor in the English adaptation, Johnny Yong Bosch, has also been praised for his voice work on Ichigo's character by Anime News Network (ANN), which favorably compared Bosch and Morita's work.[69] Various merchandise based on Ichigo's appearance has been created, including action figures, plush toys and key-chains.[70][71][72] Since the series was released, replica models of Ichigo's Zanpakutō and Bankai have been produced for purchase by collectors and fans.[73][74]

text: Several publications for manga, anime, video games, and other related media have provided praise and criticism on Ichigo's character. ANN's Melissa Harper commented that Ichigo's initial rebellious actions make him almost a stereotypical anti-hero, but note that he is soon revealed to be a more complex character with a sad past.[69] Los Angeles Times's Charles Solomon comments Ichigo's character has little in common with protagonists from other series due to his bad temper and how he tends to fight. However, he added that readers from the series still "love" Ichigo.[75] The way Ichigo becomes a Soul Reaper was found to be relatively common by Carlos Alexandre. He noted that Ichigo's character of a "tough guy with a heart of gold" had already been done in several series.[76] Charles White from IGN praised Ichigo's climactic fight against Byakuya Kuchiki as one of the best fights in the Bleach series,[77] and later Ramsey Isler gave additional praise to both the design and voice acting for Ichigo's inner Hollow.[78] Ichigo's development during the Rescue arc in which he sets to save Rukia Kuchiki from being executed have been praised by ANN's Theron Martin. He praised the scenes in which Ichigo manages to stop Rukia's execution and his subsequent demonstration of his Bankai as one of the "eminently satisfying landmark moments in the series".[79] Wired News's Corrina Lawson stated that she liked Ichigo's strong sense of responsibility, and commented it was one of the reasons of the series' popularity.[80]

text: During the serialization of the manga, Tite Kubo said he received a letter from a reader who decided to name his son "Ichigo". This brought joy as well as fear to the manga artist due to how his work influenced other people. While feeling that he also made a good manga during this comment, Kubo decided to work more on the character in hopes that once the real Ichigo grows up, he would feel proud with his name.[81]


document_title: Campaign song

question_text: what was the official theme song to george hw bush's 1988 presidential campaign

question_tokens: what was the official theme song to george hw bush 's 1988 presidential campaign

text: Campaign song

text: History in the United States[edit]

text: The origin of campaign songs were partisan ditties used in American political canvasses and more especially in presidential contests. The words were commonly set to established melodies like "Yankee Doodle," "Hail, Columbia," "Rosin the Bow," "Hail to the Chief" "John Brown's Body," "Dixie" and "O Tannenbaum" ("Maryland, My Maryland"); or to tunes widely popular at the time, such as "Few Days," "Champagne Charlie," "The Wearing of the Green" or "Down in a Coal Mine," which served for "Up in the White House." Perhaps the best known of them was "Tippecanoe and Tyler Too," (in which words by Alexander C. Ross were adapted to the folk tune, "Little Pigs"). First heard at Zanesville, Ohio, this spread rapidly over the country, furnishing a party slogan. It has been said: "What the Marseilles Hymn was to Frenchmen, 'Tippecanoe and Tyler Too' was to the Whigs of 1840." In 1872 an attempt was made to revive the air for "Greeley Is the Real True Blue." The words, sometimes with music, of campaign songs were distributed in paper-covered song books or "songsters." Among these were the Log Cabin Song Book of 1840 and Hutchinson's Republican Songster for the presidential campaign of 1860, compiled by J. W. Hutchinson. For many years national campaigns included itinerant stumpspeakers, live animals, fife-and-drum corps, red fire, floats, transparencies and rousing mass meetings in courthouses and town halls. Glee clubs were organized to introduce campaign songs and to lead audiences and matchers in singing them. The songs were real factors in holding the interest of crowds, emphasizing issues, developing enthusiasm and satirizing opponents. With changes in the methods of campaigning, the campaign song declined as a popular expression.

text: Source: Dictionary of American History by James Truslow Adams, New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1940

text: Presidential campaign songs[edit]

text:
Election
Candidate
Song
Songwriter / Lyricist

1800
John Adams
(Federalist)
"Adams and Liberty"
John Stafford Smith and Robert Treat Paine, Jr.

1808
James Madison
(Democratic-Republican)
"Huzzah for Madison, Huzzah"

1824
John Quincy Adams
(Democratic-Republican)
"Little Know Ye Who's Coming"

Andrew Jackson
(Democratic-Republican)
"The Hunters of Kentucky"
Samuel Woodworth

1828
Andrew Jackson
(Democratic · campaign)

1840
William Henry Harrison
(Whig)
"Tippecanoe and Tyler Too"
Alexander Coffman Ross

Martin Van Buren
(Democratic)
"Rock-a-bye Baby"
Traditional

1860
Abraham Lincoln
(Republican)
"Lincoln and Liberty"
Jesse Hutchinson

1864
"Battle Cry of Freedom"
George F. Root

1920
Warren G. Harding
(Republican)

"Harding, You're the Man for Us"[1]
Al Jolson

1928
Al Smith
(Democratic)
"Sidewalks of New York"
Charles B. Lawlor and James W. Blake

1932
Franklin D. Roosevelt
(Democratic)
"Happy Days Are Here Again"
Milton Ager and Jack Yellen

1948
Harry S. Truman
(Democratic)
"I'm Just Wild About Harry"
Eubie Blake and Noble Sissle

1960
John F. Kennedy
(Democratic)
"High Hopes"
Jimmy Van Heusen and Sammy Cahn

1964
Lyndon B. Johnson
(Democratic)
"Hello Lyndon"
Jerry Herman (performed by Carol Channing)[2]

Barry Goldwater
(Republican · campaign)
"Go with Goldwater"
Tom McDonnell and Otis Clements

1968
Richard Nixon
(Republican ·
1968: campaign)
"Nixon's the One"
Moose Charlap and Alvin Cooperman

1972
"Nixon Now"
Ken Sutherland, performed by the Mike Curb Congregation

George McGovern
(Democratic · campaign)
"Bridge over Troubled Water"
Paul Simon

1976
Jimmy Carter
(Democratic)
"Ode to The Georgia Farmer"
K.E. and Julia Marsh

Gerald Ford
(Republican)
"I'm Feeling Good about America"
Robert K. Gardner

1980
Ronald Reagan
(Republican ·
1980: campaign)
"California, Here I Come"
Buddy DeSylva and Joseph Meyer

1984
Walter Mondale
(Democratic)
"Gonna Fly Now"
Bill Conti

1988
George H. W. Bush
(Republican)
"This Land Is Your Land"
Woody Guthrie

"The George Bush Song"
Willie Barrow and Sylvia Johns Cain

Michael Dukakis
(Democratic)
"America"
Neil Diamond

1992
Ross Perot
(Independent · campaign)
"Crazy"[3]
Patsy Cline

Bill Clinton
(Democratic ·
1992: campaign)
"Don't Stop"
Fleetwood Mac

1996
"This Is the Moment"
Frank Wildhorn and Leslie Bricusse

Bob Dole
(Republican)
"Dole Man"
Sam and Dave

2000
Al Gore
(Democratic · campaign)
"You Ain't Seen Nothin' Yet"
Bachman–Turner Overdrive

"Let the Day Begin"
The Call

"Praise You"[4][5]
Fatboy Slim

George W. Bush
(Republican ·
2000: campaign ·
2004: campaign)
"I Won't Back Down"
Tom Petty

"We the People"
Billy Ray Cyrus

"Right Now"
Van Halen

2004
"Only in America"
Brooks & Dunn

"Wave on Wave"
Pat Green

Howard Dean
(Democratic ·
primary campaign)

"We Can"[6]
LeAnn Rimes

John Kerry
(Democratic · campaign)
"No Surrender"
Bruce Springsteen

"Fortunate Son"
Creedence Clearwater Revival

"Beautiful Day"
U2

2008
Rudy Giuliani
(Republican · primary campaign)
"Take Us Out"
Jerry Goldsmith

"Rudie Can't Fail"
The Clash

Mike Huckabee
(Republican · primary campaign)
"More Than a Feeling"
Boston

Dennis Kucinich
(Democratic · primary campaign)
"Give Peace a Chance"
John Lennon

Chris Dodd
(Democratic · primary campaign)
"Get Ready"
The Temptations

"Reach Out I'll Be There"
Four Tops

John Edwards
(Democratic · primary campaign)
"Our Country"
John Mellencamp

Hillary Clinton
(Democratic · primary campaign)
"Blue Sky"
Big Head Todd and the Monsters

"Suddenly I See"
KT Tunstall

"You and I"
Celine Dion

"Takin' Care of Business"
Bachman–Turner Overdrive

"9 to 5"
Dolly Parton

"American Girl"
Tom Petty

Cynthia McKinney
(Green · campaign)
"Power to the People"
John Lennon

John McCain
(Republican · campaign)
"Take Us Out"
Jerry Goldsmith

"Take A Chance On Me"
ABBA

"Our Country"
John Mellencamp

"Raisin' McCain"
John Rich

Barack Obama
(Democratic ·
2008: campaign ·
2012: campaign)
"Yes We Can"
will.i.am

"Better Way"
Ben Harper

"Signed, Sealed, Delivered I'm Yours"
Stevie Wonder

"City of Blinding Lights"
U2

"Higher and Higher"
Jackie Wilson

"Think"
Aretha Franklin

"The Rising"
Bruce Springsteen

"Only in America"
Brooks & Dunn

2012
"We Take Care of Our Own"
Bruce Springsteen

Mitt Romney
(Republican · campaign)
"Born Free"
Kid Rock

"It's America"
Rodney Atkins

2016
John Kasich
(Republican · primary campaign)
"Beautiful Day"[7]
U2

Bernie Sanders
(Democratic · primary campaign)
"America"
Simon & Garfunkel

"Starman"
David Bowie

Donald Trump
(Republican · campaign)
"You Can't Always Get What You Want"
The Rolling Stones

"God Bless the USA"
Lee Greenwood

Hillary Clinton
(Democratic · campaign)
"Fight Song"
Rachel Platten

"Roar"
Katy Perry

Ted Cruz
(Republican ·
primary campaign)

"Where the Stars and Stripes and the Eagle Fly”[8][9]
Aaron Tippin

tag: table

text:
Hunters of Kentucky

Jackson supporters used this Battle of New Orleans anthem as their campaign song.

Problems playing this file? See media help.

text:
Tippecanoe and Tyler too

As used in the 1840 campaign.

Problems playing this file? See media help.


document_title: Meredith Grey

question_text: who does meredith grey date after derek died

text: Meredith Grey

text: Storylines and Characteristics[edit]

text: Dr. Meredith Grey is the daughter of world-renowned surgeon Ellis Grey, and grew up in her shadow. Ellis was a deeply flawed, emotionally and verbally abusive, neglectful mother. Meredith is described as a "dark and twisty," damaged person who sees the world in varying shades of gray. Because of this, she is an emotionally complex person. She is capable of empathizing with others when they're at their lowest points, and is a sensitive observer of the people around her. Meredith is a graduate of Dartmouth College. While in college, conflicts with her mother lead Meredith to question her decision to attend medical school. That indecision leads her to make plans to sleep and party her way through Europe once she graduates. However, after a month abroad, Meredith is called back to care for her mother, who has developed early-onset Alzheimer's disease. This news drives Meredith’s decision to obtain her M.D.

text: The night before Meredith's internship begins, she has a one-night stand with Derek Shepherd (Patrick Dempsey), a stranger she meets at a bar. She discovers the next day that he is a recently hired attending; the new head of neurosurgery at her new workplace, Seattle Grace Hospital. Meredith is assigned to work under resident Miranda Bailey (Chandra Wilson), and befriends her fellow interns, George O'Malley (T.R. Knight), Izzie Stevens (Katherine Heigl), Cristina Yang (Sandra Oh) and Alex Karev (Justin Chambers).

text: She is particularly close with Cristina Yang, who becomes her best friend and "person". Though she initially thinks poorly of him, Alex Karev also evolves into Meredith's "person" and the two assume a sibling-esque familial relationship. Meredith has a conflicted relationship with Richard Webber (James Pickens Jr.), the Chief of Surgery at Seattle Grace. Richard was very close to Ellis when Meredith was a child. Because of his relationship with Meredith's mother, he tends to save, mentor and make exceptions for her. Meredith has a habit of "collecting strays", and allows her friends and coworkers to live in the house her mother left her. Those friends become her pseudo-family. Meredith is endlessly loyal to those she deems her family, and will bend the traditional rules of morality to keep them safe.

text: Having grown up in a hospital, Meredith shows immense natural talent. She possesses a steadfast, calm ease during medical procedures and emergencies, and is a natural observer of people. She exhibits a knack for catching subtle hints and accurately determining difficult-to-catch diagnoses. Her placid, non-judgmental bedside manner often causes people to open up and trust her. Her surgical skills are solidly impressive and she shows a talent and patience for medical research trials and dealing with psychologically damaged patients.

text: Meredith resists Derek's advances throughout her internship, but is eventually charmed into starting a relationship with him despite misgivings about an intern dating an attending. She is therefore shocked by the arrival of Addison Montgomery (Kate Walsh), Derek's wife, unaware that he was married. Derek struggles to choose between the two, but ultimately returns to Addison, despite Meredith begging to be chosen instead.

text: Meredith is devastated and turns to multiple, self-destructive means of coping. Initially she falls on old habits of self-medicating with tequila and sex, and buys a dog. She also tries to resolve some issues by searching for her long-absent father, Thatcher.[1] She learns that her father, who left when she was five and she has not seen since, remarried and had two more daughters. The two do not become close, but Grey becomes fond of her stepmother.

text: Meredith spirals further when Ellis is admitted to the hospital, revealing Ellis' diagnosis of early-onset Alzheimer's and her verbally abusive tendencies. Meredith self-destructive behavior increases when she saves a patient with a bomb in their chest by impulsively inserting her hand to hold it until the bomb squad can remove it. Mereidth has a series of one-night stands, including one with George, who is in love with her. When she cries in the middle of their encounter, their friendship temporarily ends. Meredith swears off her behavior, agrees to be friends only with Shepherd, and embarks on a relationship with veterinarian Finn Dandridge (Chris O'Donnell).

text: Derek regrets his decision to return to his wife and Meredith must decide whether to continue a relationship with Finn, or allow Derek a second chance.

text: When Ellis experiences a rare, completely lucid day, and expresses her immense disappointment at how ordinary Meredith has turned out to be, she becomes depressed and possibly suicidal. During a ferryboat accident, Meredith is knocked into the water and chooses to give up and drown, rather than fight and swim. She flatlines at the hospital, and awakens in an "afterlife", where she interacts with deceased former acquaintances. Ellis dies in the interim, and Meredith meets with her mother, who tells her that she is anything but ordinary. She is subsequently resuscitated at the insistence of Cristina. Derek distances himself from Meredith as the result of her self recklessness, prompting her to seek therapy to address her problems. Meredith sees a therapist, Dr. Wyatt (Amy Madigan), to seek happiness and begins to successfully tackle her issues. Meredith found her mother's diaries, dredging up old memories and secrets for her to work through. Meanwhile, Meredith nearly fails her intern exam after a drunken Thatcher publicly blames Meredith for the death of his wife, Susan, a distraught Grey sits through her entire test without writing a single answer. Dr. Webber gives her a second chance, saving her from destroying her career.

text: After Meredith is promoted to a resident, her younger half-sister Lexie Grey (Chyler Leigh) begins working at Seattle Grace as an intern. Meredith initially rejects Lexie's attempts to form a relationship, but slowly softens towards her. The sisters are very different people with different childhoods. Lexie had an idealistic family life and often has difficulty understanding her much darker sister, who does not have the same positive associations with family as Lexie.

text: She later initiates a neurosurgical clinical trial, enlisting Derek as a consulting neurosurgeon. The trial fails repeatedly, but the final patient they treat survives, which leads them to reuniting and moving in together. Their relationship is healthier than before, but still experiences snags as the two attempt to understand each other and navigate what they now look on as a permanent, long-term relationship. Meredith relies heavily on Cristina for emotional support and guidance. Eventually, Derek and Meredith decide to marry, but on their wedding day, the pair give their "perfect" wedding ceremony to Izzie and Alex, to marry each other during the planned ceremony instead.

text: Meredith and Derek marry by writing their wedding vows on a post-it note. Meredith spends the majority of a season out of commission after donating part of her liver to Thatcher and supporting Cristina's new relationship with Owen Hunt, an army doctor with worrisome PTSD.

text: Meredith experiences another immense trauma after the hospital is put under a lockdown from an active mass-shooter seeking revenge against Derek. Meredith offers her own life in exchange for his and miscarries her baby during the crisis. She goes through this traumatic experience with Cristina, who operates on Derek while threatened at gunpoint. Meredith hides her loss and the trauma psychiatrist refuses to clear neither Cristina nor Meredith for their return to surgery. Meredith is able to work through her issues and become cleared, but Cristina remains deeply traumatized. Meredith covers for and supports her friend through her dark time, but is ultimately unable to fully help her return to surgery.

text: Meredith decides to actively try to become pregnant, but learns that she has a "hostile uterus", which leads her to consider her other possible genetic flaws. Derek, who is constantly worried about the possibility that she will develop Alzheimer's, initiates a clinical trial hoping to cure the disease. Meredith opts to work on the trial and appears to be leaning towards a neuro specialty.

text: When the chief of surgery, Richard Webber (James Pickens Jr.)'s wife, Adele, is diagnosed with Alzheimer's, she receives a spot on the trial. Meredith tampers with the drugs so that Adele does not receive the placebo. She and Derek decide to adopt Zola, an orphaned baby from Malawi, and make their marriage legal. When the truth about the tampering comes out, however, a furious Derek tells her he cannot raise a child with her because of her moral ambiguity. Meredith is fired, and tries to conceal both this and her marital separation from the adoption counselor in order to keep Zola. Although Dr. Webber steps down as chief of surgery and takes the blame for the trial tampering to protect Meredith, Zola is taken away. She and Derek reconcile. Meredith chooses a general specialty over neuro, and they successfully fight to get Zola back.

text: As her last year of residency is coming to a close, the residents travel around the country, searching for the best jobs in their specialties. In order to finish their residency, the residents must take the medical boards. Meredith takes the exam while sick with the flu. She decides to take a job offer at The Brigham and Women's Hospital as the next step in her career. During a medical flight to undertake a prestigious surgery involving conjoined twins, Meredith, Derek, Cristina, and Lexie, among others, are involved in an aviation accident. The plane crash kills Lexie, and the survivors are trapped in the wooded wilderness for days waiting for help. Following their rescue, Merdith becomes an attending general surgeon at Seattle Grace, now Seattle Grace-Mercy West. While Cristina flees Seattle for her fellowship, Meredith, afraid of flying and change, declines her job offer, and clings to what remains in Seattle. Cristina and Meredith begin calling the hospital Seattle Grace Mercy Death in light of the immense amount of trauma, death, and pain they have experienced there.

text: Meredith's newfound attitude and sarcasm leads to her being dubbed "Medusa" by the hospital's new batch of interns. In the aftermath of the plane accident, the hospital is sued and eventually found guilty of negligence. Each victim including Derek, Cristina, Arizona Robbins (Jessica Capshaw) and herself must receive $15 million of compensation, which leads the hospital to a near bankruptcy as the insurance company refuses to pay due to a loophole. The doctors along with Callie Torres (Sara Ramirez) buy the hospital with the help of the Harper Avery Foundation to prevent it from closing and become new members of the directing board.

text: Meredith asks Dr. Bailey to perform gene mapping on her to finally know whether she has Alzheimer's genes like her mother. She tests positive for more than one of the genetic markers for the disease.

text: Meredith moves to the completed dream home and sells her house to Alex, who purchases it as the only true home he's ever known. He continues Meredith's tradition of keeping the house open to any "strays" needing a home. Meredith discovers she is pregnant and gives birth to a son. The baby is delivered via C-section. While stitching Meredith up, the obstetrician who operated on her is called away to another patient and intern Shane Ross completes the stitching. When blood begins to appear from everywhere, Meredith diagnoses herself in as being in DIC. Dr. Bailey performs a spleen removal, which saves her life. In return, Derek and Meredith name their son Bailey.

text: As a spouse, surgeon, and mother, Meredith has cited a number times that she did not want to be like either of her parents: her father had followed her mother around pathetically before leaving to be happy, while her mother valued her career over her family. Meredith is frequently conflicted trying to balance between the two, and fears her family are hindering her medical aspirations, as much as she fears becoming like her mother whenever she's tempted to choose surgery over family. Meredith and Cristina have a huge rift when Cristina confirms Meredith's fears by stating that Meredith's skills have fallen behind Cristina's due to her familial obligations taking her away from OR time.

text: Meredith and Derek come to an agreement that he, already established in his career and reputation, would take a step back to take care of the children and allow her to shine. Meredith attempts to regain some ground by starting a promising research trial 3-D printing portal veins. The conflict between Cristina and Meredith widens when Cristina commandeers Meredith's resources for her own trial, ultimately garnering a Harper Avery nomination for Cristina. Cristina and Meredith repair their relationship when Meredith confesses that Cristina was correct, her skills have surpassed Meredith's. Cristina moves to Switzerland take up a job offer from Dr. Preston Burke, her former attending, mentor and fiancé, who was looking for a replacement at a research hospital he was running, thus leaving Alex in charge of being Meredith's "person" in her place, an honor he gladly accepts.

text: Meredith and Derek's marriage becomes strained when Derek goes against his promise and accepts an offer from the U.S. President to participate in the Brain Mapping Initiative, which consumes his time and eclipses Meredith, who is feeling increasingly left behind and mommy-tracked. He receives an offer to head the project itself in Washington D.C., meaning that he would have to be based there permanently. Meredith puts her foot down as she does not want to uproot their young family to move across the country for his career at the sacrifice of her own. They begin a series of on-and-off arguments and "cold wars" over their careers. Derek accepts the job in the heat of the moment and promptly leaves for Washington. During a phone call with Meredith, they agree to work things out after she tells him that she did not want them to become "one of those couples" and he reciprocates, saying that he missed her. She privately admits to Alex that she has realized that she could live independently of Derek, but chooses not to.

text: Meredith finds out she has a maternal half sister named Maggie Pierce who is now working in Grey Sloan Memorial. Meredith is in denial and rejects Maggie, thinking she would have remembered if her mother was pregnant until she finds a hospital document confirming the revelation. Meredith tries to piece together her relationship with her mother and half sister by going through old videos of her mother. She eventually recovers her repressed memories of the pregnancy when she views her mother's diary and has a change of heart, choosing to accept Maggie and begin building a relationship.

text: Meredith is widowed when Derek is killed in a car accident and was taken to an understaffed hospital. The doctors failed to recognize his head injury in time and allowed personal conflicts to interfere. Derek is declared brain dead, and Meredith must go to the medical center to consent to remove him from life support, shortly before she's hit with the first waves of morning sickness. She tells Penny, the intern who was assigned to Derek that every doctor has "that one" patient who dies on their watch and haunts them forever and "that one will make you work harder, and they make you better."

text: After Derek's death, Meredith returns to Grey Sloan Memorial to inform the others of his passing. Following the funeral service, Meredith impulsively packs up her belongings and leaves with the children to San Diego. Months pass by while her friends and family are unaware of her whereabouts. Eventually, parallels show similarities in Meredith's and Ellis' lives: Both have lost the love of their life, both run away from Seattle following their loss, and both eventually give birth to a daughter. Meredith names her newborn daughter after her mother. Although still grieving over Derek, Meredith returns to Seattle with the children and later becomes chief of general surgery. She sells the "dream house" and moves back to her mother's house, having purchased it back from Alex, and now lives there with Maggie and Amelia Shepherd, her sister-in-law.

text: Meredith hosts a dinner party and at the party Callie brings Penny as a date. Later at the event Meredith finds out Penny will be joining her at Grey Sloan Memorial. Meredith eventually forgives Penny, who becomes her favorite resident over Alex's girlfriend, Jo. Alex and Meredith continue their close, sibling-like relationship of being each other's "person", despite Jo's displeasure and inability to understand their closeness. He supports her when she is violently attacked by a disoriented patient, and she supports him through his legal difficulties. Alex initiates a weekly family waffle day where he makes waffles for everyone in the house.

text: Meredith recovers enough to start seeing Nathan Riggs, Owen Hunt's former best friend, by season 13, although their relationship is complicated by the fact that Maggie confesses to Meredith that she has feelings for Riggs and Meredith is not ready to declare their relationship formally or publicly. Eventually she accepts her relationship with Riggs, but it's complicated by the unexpected return of Owen's sister, Megan Hunt, Riggs' fiancée. Meredith finds herself in another love triangle when Megan rejects Riggs because he is still in love with Meredith, but Meredith pushes them to be together. After her relationship with Riggs ends, Meredith is nominated for a Harper Avery Award for her groundbreaking surgery on Megan. In the 300th episode, after failing to attend the awards ceremony to stay for a medical trauma, post-surgery, Meredith learns with all her closest friends in the OR and gallery that she has won the Harper Avery Award.

text: In season 14 Meredith is doing surgery to remove a women’s spleen when the computers and whole hospital (including lights and AC) are hacked into. Meredith removes the women’s spleen but weeks later the patient comes back in with the same symptoms. They scan the patient to find she has produced mini spleens. This inspires her for her next research project. She gets chosen to continue her project by the Grey Sloan research contest. However Meredith needs a polymer that is patented by a man in Europe. Meredith learns the man has died a week before his meeting. She then meets his daughter who she recognizes as her “aunt” Ellis’ former best friend. To give Meredith access to the polymer she demands that the Grey method be renamed for Ellis and her and as was a key part and Ellis cut her out. Meredith refuses and looks for other polymers to continue her project.

text: Development[edit]

text: Casting and creation[edit]

text: Pompeo discovered Grey's Anatomy after an extended period of doing nothing in the acting profession.  Her agent suggested she audition amongst other projects.[2] While casting actresses for the part of Meredith Grey, series' creator Shonda Rhimes said: "I kept saying we need a girl like that girl from Moonlight Mile, and after a while, they were like, 'We think we can get that girl from Moonlight Mile.' I spent time with her and got to know her, and then we started casting for the men." She reported that Grey was not an easy role to cast because of the strong verbal possibilities.[3] Rhimes was informed that the actress in question was Pompeo, who had a deal in place with ABC, having previously tested for a pilot show on the network.[4] It has been speculated that Pompeo was the first character to be cast, but when asked, she said she did not know of this.[5] When asked of how she created Pompeo's character, Rhimes said:

text:
“

"[I was] in my pajamas at home, which is where I spent a lot of time writing. I kept asking myself, 'What kind of woman should the heroine be?' I thought she should be someone who had made some big mistakes. As it turns out, Meredith also has another problem: She is trying to live up to her mother's renowned career in surgery. Meredith is the daughter of a mother who basically never spent any time with her—the daughter of a mother who now has Alzheimer's and doesn't even remember her."[6]

”

text: Pompeo was cast as the program's titular character, described by Mary McNamara of the Los Angeles Times as "a prickly, independent sort whose ambition, and ambivalence, is fueled by the fact that her mother was a gifted surgeon and now suffers from Alzheimer's."[7] Grey also serves as the show's narrator, and as such was likened in early reviews to Carrie Bradshaw (Sarah Jessica Parker), the narrator and protagonist of Sex and the City.[8][9] After her initial contract with Grey's Anatomy expired, Pompeo negotiated a new one, in which she would be paid US$200,000 per episode, making her and Dempsey the highest-paid cast members on the show.[10] In 2012, Forbes recognized Pompeo as the eighth highest-paid actress on television, with a salary of US$275,000 per episode for her role on Grey's Anatomy.[11]

text: Pompeo's second contract with Grey's Anatomy expired after the eighth season, and speculation arose that she would be leaving subsequently.[12] In September 2011, Pompeo reported that she is open to the idea of extending her contract, if invited. She told TV Guide: "I would never turn up my nose at [Grey's Anatomy]. As long as the stories are honest and truthful, and Patrick [Dempsey] and I feel there is material for us to be passionate about, it still beats a 9-to-5 job any day. If I hear from the fans that they want us to keep going, then I would continue because we owe them everything." E! Online reported in May 2012, that Pompeo, as well as all original cast members have signed on for two more years.[13] With the Huffington Post's announcement of season nine having officially been renewed, the contract is set into place for Pompeo to return.[14]

text: Pompeo's contract expired again at the end of the twelfth season. She signed a new contract to keep her in the starring role on the series for the thirteenth season.[15] According to a report in Deadline Hollywood, Pompeo was earning $300,000 per episode under the new deal.[16]

text: On January 17, 2018, it was announced by ABC that Ellen Pompeo's contract had been renewed through season 16. Not only does the contract renewal secure that Pompeo’s return as Meredith Grey, but it also makes her a producer of Grey's Anatomy and a co-executive producer of the spin-off series. The deal will make Pompeo the highest paid actress currently on a dramatic TV series, with her making $575,000 per episode and over $20 million yearly.[17]

text: Characterization[edit]

text:
Whatever I come up with, [Pompeo] is always game to play. She's been so good at what she's done that I've just let the character do what I've wanted the character to do, which has been wonderful. She's managed to sell every single thing because she's really believed it. The incredible thing is that you can have no fear to write what you think because she is always able to deliver.
Executive producer Betsy Beers on developing Pompeo's character[18]

tag: div

text: Grey is the protagonist and focal point of the series. She has been called "intelligent, compassionate, hard-working, oftentimes outspoken, easily distracted, and indecisive" by Grey's Anatomy executives.[19] Pompeo says she is unaware if her character knows how to have fun, adding: "All of my scenes with [Dempsey] are the same—we're either breaking up or having sex."[20] Her personality has evolved over the past few seasons from depressed, to happy and "fixed". Pompeo said to Good Morning America, "I am so incredibly lucky to have Patrick [Dempsey], to have the chemistry that we do, we have an amazing relationship, and it's like any other relationship, you have your ups and downs. But we work it out, and we've found a way to do this for this long and still get along, and make it work and believe in what we're doing." Pompeo told Entertainment Weekly: "It's awkward with Patrick [Dempsey] because he's like my brother. As soon as the camera is off, I'm like, 'Is your hand on my butt?' But there are millions of girls who have been waiting for this, so I feel an obligation to the fans."[21] Rhimes used the dog "Doc", which Meredith and Derek shared, as a metaphor of their relationship during the second season.[22] She characterizes Grey as doing what she thinks is right:

text:
“

Meredith is the girl who put her hand on a bomb in a body cavity. Meredith is the girl who tried to help a serial killer kill himself, so that he could donate his organs. Meredith—and this is obvious—has a compass that has always led her to shades of grey. She does not believe in black-and-white, she does not believe in good or bad, she does what she thinks is right.[23]

”

text: The character had a one-night stand with George O'Malley, in the second season. Series writer Stacy McKee, said of the sexual encounter: "There’s no turning back. There’s nothing George and Meredith can do. The damage is done – things will never be the same. They’ve just changed something important in their lives FOREVER and…they are freaking out."[24] Grey's character development has also been known as an influence on the creation of her half-sister, Lexie Grey. Particularly, it has been made clear that they both share the same motives. McKee offered her thoughts: "Meredith and Lexie both want to succeed. They want to be strong. They want to feel normal. They want, so much, to be whole. But it’s a struggle – a genuine struggle for them. Being hardcore doesn’t come naturally. Sometimes, they have to fake it."[25] Grey's personality has been compared with that of Alex Karev's. Rhimes offered the insight:

text: "I like to create moments for him and Meredith. Because, in my head, they are very similar people. Even though Karev can be such an ass, even though he’s arrogant, even though he gave O'Malley the Syph. He and Meredith are both lost, both lonely, both former screw-ups who got their acts together. In another lifetime, they would be really good friends. So throughout the season, we watch them pause from time to time to look at each other and see that they are mirrors of one another.

text: Pompeo fights for a truthful storyline for her character—she wants it to be realistic and says you can't always wrap it up in a neat little package.[27] Referring to Grey's tampering with Shepherd's trial, Pompeo said: "Listen, what Meredith did clearly crossed a line. Derek has a right to be pissed."[28] Following the tampering, Rhimes said she believes that Grey and Shepherd are meant to be together and that it in the end, they will end up with each other.[23] Grey's relationship with Cristina Yang, has been looked upon as "sisterhood", and Yang has repeatedly referred to Grey as "her person". This led to the two being dubbed "the twisted sisters". At the conclusion of season three, the duo went on a "honeymoon" together, and Rhimes called it her favorite detail of the finale.[29] Grey has been characterized, by some, as "whiny". Rhimes offered her insight:

text:
“

I've heard a lot of talk about Meredith being whiny but the truth is, she's got a mom [who died of] Alzheimer's, no other family to speak of, and the man she loves is married. She's pretty freaking lonely, people. She's got a right to get her whine on. So, when she falters, it's partly because she's got nothing to hang on to. As she says in the first episode, she needs a reason to go on, she needs some hope.[30]

”

text: Rhimes felt that the 100th episode showed well Meredith's evolution throughout the show from a "dark and twisty girl" to a "happy woman". She said: "She is the thing her mother wished for her. She is extraordinary. Because, to get past the crap of your past? To move on? To let the past go and change? That is extraordinary. To love? Without fear? Without screwing it up? That is extraordinary. It makes me happy to see her happy."[31]

text: Following the departure of Patrick Dempsey's character, Rhimes was quoted as saying that "... Meredith and the entire Grey’s Anatomy family are about to enter uncharted territory as we head into this new chapter of her life. The possibilities for what may come are endless." [32] With at least a year left in Pompeo's contract with the show, viewers are sure to witness some of the most difficult times of Meredith's life yet.

text: Reception[edit]

text: Reviews[edit]

text:
The character has received both overwhelmingly positive reviews to weary response from television critics throughout the course of the show. The initial response to the character was positive but as the series progressed Meredith Grey became immensely popular and Pompeo established the character as a critic and fan favorite featuring on a number of Top TV Character lists. The development of the character has been deemed as the highlight of the show. Grey has constantly been defined as "the heroine of Grey's Anatomy".[33] At the time of inception Newsday's Diane Werts praised the character stating, "Like Hugh Laurie's irascible "House" title character, star Ellen Pompeo's newly minted Dr. Grey conveys such substance that you simply can't stop watching."[34] Ellen A. Kim of  After Pompeo not receiving an Emmy nomination for her work as Grey, McNamara of the Los Angeles Times suggested that Pompeo, "who has worked very hard and against all narrative odds to make Meredith Grey an interesting character at last" should have received a nomination at the 61st Primetime Emmy Awards.[35] Later, during the twelfth season
Western Gazette  gave Ellen Pompeo the credit for carrying the show and re-ittirated." (It's) time for  Pompeo to finally win an Emmy Award."[36] Tanner Stransky of Entertainment Weekly referred to Grey as the "trusty voice over master" of Grey's Anatomy.

text:
Former television columnist for The Star-Ledger Alan Sepinwall expressed his boredom on the focus given on Grey's relationships storylines while reviewing the second season's finale: "On those occasions when Meredith's not involved in a plot about her love life, I do kind of like her, but those moments are so infrequent compared to her constant angsting over McDreamy -- not to mention all those seemingly unrelated storylines that always turn into a metaphor for that relationship -- that I really, really can't stand her."[37] During the show's third season, the development of the character received negative reviews, with Cristopher Monfette of IGN stating that her storyline has become "some bizarrely under-developed sub-plot about depression and giving Derek a season's worth of reconsidering to do."[38] Also during the third season, Robert Rorke of the New York Post noted the decline in Meredith's role in the show, expressing disappointment: "She used to be the queen of the romantic dilemmas, but lately, she's been a little dopey, what with the endless McDreamy soliloquies."[39] Similarly, Macleans.ca found their storyline in the fourth season overused, "This whole 'Oh I need more time,' but 'Oh, I'm jealous if you look at someone else' angst was tired in the second season, frustrating in the third and now a total channel changer. The will-they-or-won't-they plot doesn't work because they've already been in and out of that relationship too many times. Meredith is a nag and McDreamy is henpecked."[40] On a more positive note, her relationship with Shepherd was included in AOL TV's  list of the "Best TV Couples of All Time" and in the same list by TV Guide.[41][42]
During the sixth season the development of the character was praised, Glenn Diaz of BuddyTV commented that "You gotta love Mer when she's gloomy.", in addition to praising Pompeo's performance. In her review of the episode Tainted Obligation she wrote "I felt for Meredith, but after Lexie's heartfelt begging and pleading, I was happy that Mere finally grows up and casts her selfishness aside. Three seasons ago Meredith would never have dreamed of putting Lexie first, and I was proud of her for giving up part of her liver—her offer to get to know her dad was an even bigger milestone."[43] Reviewing the first part of the eighth season, TV Fanatic lauded the character and wrote: "this season belongs to Meredith Grey. She is the heart and soul of the show and has been outstanding. This is a character that used to be so dark and twisty and has now grown into a more mature woman. Ellen Pompeo has been at the top of her game this season."[44]

text: Wit & Fancy praised the transformation of the character and stated, "Of course Meredith will still make rash decisions like when she took off with Zola, or tampered with the trial but she does things out of love and the kindness of her heart now and not because she is dark and twisty. Considering where Meredith was at the beginning and where she is now, I think she went through a remarkable journey and did more than just growing up, she finally became “all whole and healed“."[45]

text: Maura O'Malley of Bustle also lauded the development of the character ahead of season 12 saying, "When the series began, Meredith was just a girl sitting in a bar celebrating the exciting next phase of her life. She had graduated medical school, she was starting her residency at a prestigious hospital, and she was simply looking for a no-strings attached, one night stand. What she got instead was a complicated romantic relationship that rivals Romeo and Juliet — but the key is, she wasn't searching for love. Working and learning were — and continue to be — her priorities, while McDreamy was simply an added perk. Hopefully, the new season of Grey's Anatomy will reflect this change in tone, because Meredith is a strong, independent woman — and she will be just fine."[46]

text: Later in the series, Ellen Pompeo received critical acclaim with numerous critics lauding her portrayal of the character. Reviewing the episode She's Leaving Home CarterMatt called her the "anchor" for Grey's saying, "Throughout, this was an episode completely anchored by Ellen Pompeo, who has done some of her best work ever on the show the past couple of weeks. Tonight, she cried, she fought, and she learned that she was carrying his child."[47] and added that Pompeo is often "ovelooked" saying, "Her subtlety is probably why she is often overlooked."[48] Rick Porter of Zap2it reviewing "How to Save a Life" wrote, "Without Meredith, and without one of Pompeo's strongest performances in her long time on the show, "How to Save a Life" would have run the risk of coming across as a baldly manipulative death episode, the likes of which the show has done several times before. He added. "How to Save a Life" may not be the ideal Emmy-submission episode for Pompeo, considering Meredith is off screen for more than half of it. But it's among the best work she's ever done on the show."[49] USA Today also lauded Pompeo saying, " In some ways, the episode (How to Save a Life) was even more of a showcase for Pompeo. She had some of the more memorable and well-played scenes, from her angry response to the doctor who tries to tell her what her choices are, to her resignation when she realizes she has to comfort and motivate the young doctor whose mistakes cost Derek his life."[50]

text:
The relation between Meredith and Cristina has been acclaimed and been a highlight of the show. Mark Perigard of the Boston Herald considered the friendship to be "the secret core of Grey's". Aisha Harris of Slate called their relation The Best Female Friendship on TV adding that "With those two characters, showrunner Shonda Rhimes and her team of writers created one of the most nuanced and realistic portrayals of female friendship on television."[51] Samantha Highfill of Entertainment Weekly called Cristina and Meredith the best female friends on TV because "they don’t try to be". There’s nothing fake about them, which is a rarity in how female friends are portrayed on television.  She further went on to call them 'soulmates', " And even though they’d never dare get sappy enough to say it, they’re soul mates.[52]
Margaret Lyons of  Vulture (magazine) called the friendship " dream BFF relationship." and the primary focus of the show, "One of the series' calling cards has been its depiction of female friendship and particularly the primacy that friendship enjoyed over romantic relationships." [53]

text:
“

"I wanted to create a world in which you felt as if you were watching very real women. Most of the women I saw on TV didn't seem like people I actually knew. They felt like ideas of what women are. They never got to be nasty or competitive or hungry or angry. They were often just the loving wife or the nice friend. But who gets to be the bitch? Who gets to be the three-dimensional woman?" - Rhimes on Cristina-Meredith friendship.[54]

”

text: E! at the time of Sandra Oh's exit wrote, "In Grey's Anatomy's 10-year history, the doctor duo has been through a lot together: weddings, deaths, plane crashes, bomb threats, shooting, you name it, they've lived (and danced) through it. " and added, "And with the three words, "You're my person." Cristina Yang and Meredith Grey solidified their status as the small screen's best best friends ever."[55] Marama Whyte of Hypable wrote, "Critically, the key relationship in Meredith’s life was not her romance with Derek Shepherd, but her passionate, indestructible, absolutely enviable friendship with Cristina. Talk about relationship goals; who wants McDreamy when Cristina Yang could be your person. These two were the real powerhouse, and Shonda Rhimes didn’t shy away from making the audience remember this. Derek was the love of her life, but Cristina was her soul mate. More than anyone else, Cristina challenged Meredith, was honest with her, and inspired her. For these reasons, it was Cristina who was constantly the source of Meredith’s character development, not Derek."[56]

text: Pompeo's character has also been used to define the image a strong woman, Bustle previewing the 12th season wrote, "Meredith Grey has always been capable of being on her own.  Grey's Anatomy is about Meredith's journey. Men and romantic interests are a part of her life, but they are not the priority. She doesn't need McDreamy. Grey's Anatomy doesn't need McDreamy. So even if the writers do decide to create a new love interest for Ms. Grey (Martin Henderson, perhaps?), it wouldn't matter. I have faith that the show's writers will do this storyline justice, because TV needs more strong single women — and Meredith seems like the perfect candidate." The site added, "This past season was almost a trial run for a McDreamy-less Grey's Anatomy. When Derek left for Washington D.C. to pursue his research, Meredith stayed behind and focused on her own career. She didn't chase him. Her priority were her children and the Grey Sloan Memorial Hospital. Meredith showed that she would never put aside her own dreams and aspirations for a man, and I believe that this won't change after Derek's death."[46]

text: Awards[edit]

text: Pompeo has won and has been nominated for multiple awards for her portrayal of Grey. She and the Grey's Anatomy cast won Best Ensemble in a Television Series at the 2006 Satellite Awards.[57] During the following year's ceremony, she was named Best Actress in a Television Drama Series.[58] She was among the Grey's Anatomy cast members awarded the Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Drama Series accolade at the 13th Screen Actors Guild Awards,[59] and received nominations in the same category in 2006[60] and 2008.[61] Pompeo received a Best Performance by an Actress in a Drama Series nomination at the 64th Golden Globe Awards – the program won Best Drama Series at the same ceremony.[62] Also in 2007, Pompeo and the female cast and crew of Grey's Anatomy received the Women in Film Lucy Award, which honors those "whose work in television has positively influenced attitudes toward women."[63]

text:
Pompeo's performance has garnered her multiple People's Choice Awards. At the 37th People's Choice Awards, she was nominated against Dempsey and Oh in the Favorite TV Doctor category,[64] and the following year, she was a contender in the Favorite TV Drama Actress category.[65]
Since 2012 Pompeo has received nomination at the People's Choice Awards every year in two categories at 40th People's Choice Awards alongside Patrick Dempsey and Sandra Oh respectively. She won the Best Drama Actress Award at both the 39th People's Choice Awards[66] and the 41st People's Choice Awards.[67]
In 2007, show-business awards reporter Tom O'Neil commented that Pompeo was overdue an Emmy Award nomination for her role in Grey's Anatomy.[68] Readers of O'Neil's awards website, The Envelope, included Pompeo in their 2009 nominations for Best Drama Actress in the site's Gold Derby TV Awards.[69] Entertainment Weekly launched the EWwy Awards in 2008, to honor actors who have not received Emmy nominations. Pompeo was nominated in the Best Actress in a Drama Series category, and placed fourth, with 19 percent of readers' votes.[70]


document_title: List of South African provinces by area

question_text: which one is the biggest province in south africa

text: List of South African provinces by area

text: Since the election of 27 April 1994, South Africa has been divided into nine provinces. They vary widely in size, from the Northern Cape, which covers nearly one-third of the country's land area, to Gauteng, which takes up a mere 1.5%.

text:
Rank

Province

Area (km²)[1]

Percentage

1

Northern Cape

372,889

30.5

2

Eastern Cape

168,966

13.8

3

Free State

129,825

10.6

4

Western Cape

129,462

10.6

5

Limpopo

125,755

10.2

6

North West

104,882

8.6

7

KwaZulu-Natal

94,361

7.7

8

Mpumalanga

76,495

6.3

9

Gauteng

18,178

1.5

South Africa

1,220,813

100.0

text: The Prince Edward Islands, which are considered part of the Western Cape for legal purposes but are administered by the national Department of Environmental Affairs, are not included in this table; they have surface areas of 290 km² (Marion Island) and 45 km² (Prince Edward Island).[2]

text: Historical data[edit]

text: The provincial borders have changed twice since 1994: once on 1 March 2006, when all provinces except the Free State and the Western Cape were affected; and once on 3 April 2009, when only the Gauteng–North West border was altered.

text:
Province

1994–2006[3](km²)

Percentage

2006–2009[4](km²)

Percentage

2009–present[1](km²)

Percentage

Northern Cape

361,830

29.7

372,889

30.5

372,889

30.5

Eastern Cape

169,580

13.9

168,966

13.8

168,966

13.8

Free State

129,480

10.6

129,825

10.6

129,825

10.6

Western Cape

129,370

10.6

129,462

10.6

129,462

10.6

Limpopo

123,910

10.2

125,755

10.2

125,755

10.2

North West

116,320

9.5

106,512

8.7

104,882

8.6

KwaZulu-Natal

92,100

7.6

94,361

7.7

94,361

7.7

Mpumalanga

79,490

6.5

76,495

6.3

76,495

6.3

Gauteng

17,010

1.4

16,548

1.4

18,178

1.5

South Africa

1,219,090

100.0

1,220,813

100.0

1,220,813

100.0

text: The pre-2006 figures are based on a less accurate calculation, and therefore the total is different from that for the post-2006 figures.