document_title: List of highest-grossing films

question_text: what are the 5 highest grossing movies of all time

text: List of highest-grossing films

text: Highest-grossing films

text: With a worldwide box-office gross of over $2.7 billion, Avatar is often proclaimed to be the "highest-grossing" film, but such claims usually refer to theatrical revenues only and do not take into account home video and television income, which can form a significant portion of a film's earnings. Once revenue from home entertainment is factored in it is not immediately clear which film is the most successful. Titanic earned $1.2 billion from video and DVD sales and rentals,[1] in addition to the $2.2 billion it grossed in theaters. While complete sales data are not available for Avatar, it earned $345 million from the sale of sixteen million DVD and Blu-ray units in North America,[2] and ultimately sold a total of thirty million DVD and Blu-ray units worldwide.[3] After home video income is accounted for, both films have earned over $3 billion. Television broadcast rights will also substantially add to a film's earnings, with a film often earning as much as 20–25% of its theatrical box-office for a couple of television runs on top of pay-per-view revenues;[4] Titanic earned a further $55 million from the NBC and HBO broadcast rights,[1] equating to about 9% of its North American gross.

text: When a film is highly exploitable as a commercial property, its ancillary revenues can dwarf its income from direct film sales.[5] The Lion King earned over $2 billion in box-office and home video sales,[6] but this pales in comparison to the $6 billion earned at box offices around the world by the stage adaptation.[7] Merchandising can be extremely lucrative too: The Lion King also sold $3 billion of merchandise,[8] while Pixar's Cars—which earned $462 million in theatrical revenues and was only a modest hit by comparison to other Pixar films[9]—generated global merchandise sales of over $8 billion in the five years after its 2006 release.[10][11] Pixar also had another huge hit with Toy Story 3, which generated almost $10 billion in merchandise retail sales in addition to the $1 billion it earned at the box office.[12]

text: On this chart, films are ranked by the revenues from theatrical exhibition at their nominal value, along with the highest positions they attained. Thirty-three films in total have grossed in excess of $1 billion worldwide, of which three have grossed over $2 billion, with Avatar ranked in the top position. All of the films have had a theatrical run (including re-releases) in the 21st century, and films that have not played during this period do not appear on the chart because of ticket-price inflation, population size and ticket purchasing trends not being considered.

text:
Highest-grossing films[13]

Rank

Peak

Title

Worldwide gross

Year

Reference(s)

1

1

Avatar

$2,787,965,087

2009

[# 1][# 2]

2

1

Titanic

$2,187,463,944

1997

[# 3][# 4]

3

3

Star Wars: The Force Awakens

$2,068,223,624

2015

[# 5][# 6]

4

3

Jurassic World

$1,671,713,208

2015

[# 7][# 8]

5

3

The Avengers

$1,518,812,988

2012

[# 9][# 10]

6

4

Furious 7

$1,516,045,911

2015

[# 11][# 12]

7

5

Avengers: Age of Ultron

$1,405,403,694

2015

[# 13][# 12]

8

3

Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2

$1,341,511,219

2011

[# 14][# 15]

9

9

Star Wars: The Last Jedi

$1,332,757,449

2017

[# 16]

10

10

Black Panther

$1,324,656,634

2018

[# 17]

11F

5

Frozen

$1,290,000,000

2013

[# 18][# 19]

12

10

Beauty and the Beast

$1,263,521,126

2017

[# 20][# 21]

13

11

The Fate of the Furious

$1,238,764,765F8

2017

[# 22][# 21]

14

5

Iron Man 3

$1,214,811,252

2013

[# 23][# 24]

15

10

Minions

$1,159,398,397

2015

[# 25][# 8]

16

12

Captain America: Civil War

$1,153,304,495

2016

[# 26][# 27]

17

4

Transformers: Dark of the Moon

$1,123,794,079

2011

[# 28][# 15]

18

2

The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King

$1,120,237,002

2003

[# 29][# 30]

19

7

Skyfall

$1,108,561,013

2012

[# 31][# 32]

20

10

Transformers: Age of Extinction

$1,104,054,072

2014

[# 33][# 34]

21

7

The Dark Knight Rises

$1,084,939,099

2012

[# 35][# 36]

22

4TS3

Toy Story 3

$1,066,969,703

2010

[# 37][# 38]

23

3

Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Man's Chest

$1,066,179,725

2006

[# 39][# 40]

24

20

Rogue One: A Star Wars Story

$1,056,057,273

2016

[# 41][# 42]

25

6

Pirates of the Caribbean: On Stranger Tides

$1,045,713,802

2011

[# 43][# 44]

26

24

Despicable Me 3

$1,034,799,409

2017

[# 45][# 21]

27

1

Jurassic Park

$1,029,939,903

1993

[# 46][# 47]

28

22

Finding Dory

$1,028,570,889

2016

[# 48][# 49]

29

2

Star Wars: Episode I – The Phantom Menace

$1,027,044,677

1999

[# 50][# 4]

30

5

Alice in Wonderland

$1,025,467,110

2010

[# 51][# 52]

31

24

Zootopia

$1,023,784,195

2016

[# 53][# 27]

32

14

The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey

$1,021,103,568

2012

[# 54][# 55]

33

4

The Dark Knight

$1,004,558,444

2008

[# 56][# 57]

34

2

Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone

$974,755,371

2001

[# 58][# 59]

35

19DM2

Despicable Me 2

$970,761,885

2013

[# 60][# 61]

36

2

The Lion King

$968,483,777

1994

[# 62][# 47]

37

30

The Jungle Book

$966,550,600

2016

[# 63][# 64]

38

5

Pirates of the Caribbean: At World's End

$963,420,425

2007

[# 65][# 66]

39

10

Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1

$960,283,305

2010

[# 67][# 68]

40

24

The Hobbit: The Desolation of Smaug

$958,366,855

2013

[# 69][# 70]

41

41

Jumanji: Welcome to the Jungle

$956,618,644

2017

[# 71]

42

26

The Hobbit: The Battle of the Five Armies

$956,019,788

2014

[# 72][# 73]

43

8FN

Finding Nemo

$940,335,536

2003

[# 74][# 30]

44

6

Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix

$939,885,929

2007

[# 75][# 66]

45

8

Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince

$934,416,487

2009

[# 76][# 77]

46

4

The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers

$926,349,708

2002

[# 78][# 79]

47

6

Shrek 2

$919,838,758

2004

[# 80][# 81]

48

8

Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire

$896,911,078

2005

[# 82][# 83]

49

10

Spider-Man 3

$890,871,626

2007

[# 84][# 85]

50

15

Ice Age: Dawn of the Dinosaurs

$886,686,817

2009

[# 86][# 77]

tag: table

text:
FBox Office Mojo stopped updating its main total for Frozen in August 2014, while it was still in release. The total listed here incorporates subsequent earnings in Japan, Nigeria, Spain, the United Kingdom and Germany up to the end of 2015 but omits earnings in Turkey, Iceland, Brazil, and Australia (2016) which amount to a few hundred thousand dollars. It was re-released in the United Kingdom in December 2017 with Olaf's Frozen Adventure earning an additional $1,655,398. The total is rounded to $1 million to compensate for the numerical inaccuracy.
F8In the case of The Fate of the Furious the gross is sourced from BoxOffice rather than the chart's regular source, Box Office Mojo, after irregularities were discovered in the latter's figure. Ongoing weekly drops in the totals for several countries—Argentina being the worst affected—led to a drop in the overall worldwide total.[14] In view of what appears to be an aberration in the source an alternative figure is provided.
TS3The gross for Toy Story 3 has been corrected to $1,066,969,703, meaning that it finished one place higher at the end of its release.
DM2Disney issued an erratum to the gross for The Lion King, correcting its gross from $987.5 million to $968.5 million. This means that Despicable Me 2 finished its run ahead of it and would have ranked one place higher at the end of its release.
FNFinding Nemo finished one place higher at the end of its original release, after taking corrections into account. Its total now stands at $940.3 million, which would put the first run at $871.0 million after deducting the 3D reissue gross of $69.3 million. Meanwhile, the total gross for The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring has been corrected to $871.5 million, which would rank below Finding Nemo's first run once its 2011 reissue gross is deducted.

text: This section needs to be updated. Please update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. (February 2018)

text: Because of the long-term effects of inflation, notably the significant increase of movie theater ticket prices, the list unadjusted for inflation gives far more weight to later films.[15] The unadjusted list, while commonly found in the press, is therefore largely meaningless for comparing films widely separated in time, as many films from earlier eras will never appear on a modern unadjusted list, despite achieving higher commercial success when adjusted for price increases.[16] To compensate for the devaluation of the currency, some charts make adjustments for inflation, but not even this practice fully addresses the issue since ticket prices and inflation do not necessarily parallel one another. For example, in 1970, tickets cost $1.55 or about $6.68 in inflation-adjusted 2004 dollars; by 1980, prices had risen to about $2.69, a drop to $5.50 in inflation-adjusted 2004 dollars.[17] Ticket prices have also risen at different rates of inflation around the world, further complicating the process of adjusting worldwide grosses.[15]

text: Another complication is release in multiple formats for which different ticket prices are charged. One notable example of this phenomenon is Avatar, which was also released in 3D and IMAX: almost two-thirds of tickets for that film were for 3D showings with an average price of $10, and about one-sixth were for IMAX showings with an average price over $14.50, compared to a 2010 average price of $7.61 for 2D films.[18] Social and economic factors such as population change[19] and the growth of international markets[20][21][22] also impact on the number of people purchasing theater tickets, along with audience demographics where some films sell a much higher proportion of discounted children's tickets, or perform better in big cities where tickets cost more.[16]

text: The measuring system for gauging a film's success is based on unadjusted grosses, mainly because historically this is the way it has always been done because of the practices of the film industry: the box office receipts are compiled by theaters and relayed to the distributor, which in turn releases them to the media.[23] Converting to a more representative system that counts ticket sales rather than gross is also fraught with problems because the only data available for older films are the sale totals.[19] As the motion picture industry is highly oriented towards marketing currently released films, unadjusted figures are always used in marketing campaigns so that new blockbuster films can much more easily achieve a high sales ranking, and thus be promoted as a "top film of all time",[17][24] so there is little incentive to switch to a more robust analysis from a marketing or even newsworthy point of view.[23]

text: Despite the inherent difficulties in accounting for inflation, several attempts have been made. Estimates depend on the price index used to adjust the grosses,[24] and the exchange rates used to convert between currencies can also impact upon the calculations, both of which can have an effect on the ultimate rankings of an inflation adjusted list. Gone with the Wind—first released in 1939—is generally considered to be the most successful film, with Guinness World Records in 2014 estimating its adjusted global gross at $3.4 billion. Estimates for Gone with the Wind's adjusted gross have varied substantially: its owner, Turner Entertainment, estimated its adjusted earnings at $3.3 billion in 2007, a few years earlier than the Guinness estimate;[25] other estimates fall either side of this amount, with one putting its gross just under $3 billion in 2010,[26] while another provided an alternative figure of $3.8 billion in 2006.[27] Which film is Gone with the Wind's nearest rival depends on the set of figures used: Guinness had Avatar in second place with $3 billion, while other estimates saw Titanic in the runner-up spot with first-run worldwide earnings of almost $2.9 billion at 2010 prices. The only other film that all sources agreed grossed in excess of $2 billion at recent prices is Star Wars; according to Guinness it has earned $2.8 billion at 2014 price levels, while other sources from 2010/2011 put its adjusted earnings at $2.2–2.6 billion.[26][28]

text:
Highest-grossing films adjusted for inflation as of  2014[update][29][30][TFA]

Rank

Title

Worldwide gross  (2014 $)

Year

1

Gone with the Wind

$3,440,000,000

1939

2

Avatar

$3,020,000,000

2009

3

Star Wars

$2,825,000,000

1977

4

Titanic

$2,516,000,000T$2,516,000,000

1997

5

The Sound of Music

$2,366,000,000

1965

6

E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial

$2,310,000,000

1982

7

The Ten Commandments

$2,187,000,000

1956

8

Doctor Zhivago

$2,073,000,000

1965

9

Jaws

$2,027,000,000

1975

10

Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs

$1,819,000,000S$1,819,000,000

1937

text: TFAEven though the nominal gross for Star Wars: The Force Awakens surpasses the inflation-adjusted gross for both Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs and Jaws, inflation has occurred in the interim so it is not possible to rank it until Guinness World Records provide an updated chart of adjusted grosses.

text: TThe figure for Titanic is most likely based on the gross from its 1997 theatrical release, and does not incorporate earnings from the 2012 reissue. According to the 2012 edition of Guinness World Records, the adjusted total for Titanic as of 2011 stood at $2,413,800,000, and a re-release in 2012 added a further $343,550,770 to the total.[31] However, the 2015 edition put the adjusted total at $2,516,000,000—an increase of just $102,000,000; this is a rise of 4.2% since 2011, an increase shared by the other adjusted totals in the chart.

text: SThe 2015 edition of Guinness World Records does not provide an explicit figure for Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs. However, it does state that it is one of only two pre-1955 films—the other being Gone with the Wind—that are among the adjusted top ten. It placed tenth in the 2012 edition, and the eleventh highest-grossing film according to the 2015 edition is The Exorcist, which has grossed $1.794 billion adjusted to 2014 prices. The adjusted grosses for the other films on the chart increased by 4.2 percent between 2011 and 2014 according to Guinness, and using this apparent rate of inflation would take the adjusted gross for Snow White from $1.746 billion at 2011 prices to $1.819 billion at 2014 prices.

text: High-grossing films by year

text:
Glossary: Distributor rentals

Box-office figures are reported in the form of gross or distributor rentals, the latter being especially true of older films. Commonly mistaken for home video revenue, the rentals are the distributor's share of the film's theatrical revenue i.e. the box office gross less the exhibitor's cut.[32][33] Historically, the rental price averaged at 30–40% when the distributors owned the theater chains, equating to just over a third of the gross being paid to the distributor of the film.[34] In the modern marketplace, rental fees can vary greatly—depending on a number of factors—although the films from the major studios average out at 43%.[32]

tag: div

text: Audience tastes were fairly eclectic during the 20th century, but several trends did emerge. During the silent era, films with war themes were popular with audiences, with The Birth of a Nation (American Civil War), The Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse, The Big Parade and Wings (all World War I) becoming the most successful films in their respective years of release, with the trend coming to an end with All Quiet on the Western Front in 1930. With the advent of sound in 1927, the musical—the genre best placed to showcase the new technology—took over as the most popular type of film with audiences, with 1928 and 1929 both being topped by musical films. The genre continued to perform strongly in the 1930s, but the outbreak of World War II saw war themed films dominate again during this period, starting with Gone with the Wind (American Civil War) in 1939, and finishing with The Best Years of Our Lives (World War II) in 1946. Samson and Delilah (1949) saw the beginning of a trend of increasingly expensive historical dramas set during Ancient Rome/biblical times throughout the 1950s as cinema competed with television for audiences,[35] with Quo Vadis, The Robe, The Ten Commandments, Ben-Hur and Spartacus all becoming the highest-grossing film of the year during initial release, before the genre started to wane after several high-profile failures.[36] The success of White Christmas and South Pacific in the 1950s foreshadowed the comeback of the musical in the 1960s with West Side Story, Mary Poppins, My Fair Lady, The Sound of Music and Funny Girl all among the top films of the decade. The 1970s saw a shift in audience tastes to high concept films, with six such films made by either George Lucas or Steven Spielberg topping the chart during the 1980s. The 21st century has seen an increasing dependence on franchises and adaptations, with the box office dominance of films based on pre-existing intellectual property at record levels.[37]

text: Steven Spielberg is the most represented director on the chart with six films to his credit, occupying the top spot in 1975, 1981, 1982, 1984, 1989 and 1993. Cecil B. DeMille (1932, 1947, 1949, 1952 and 1956) and William Wyler (1942, 1946, 1959 and 1968) are in second and third place with five and four films respectively, while D. W. Griffith (1915, 1916 and 1920), George Roy Hill (1966, 1969 and 1973) and James Cameron (1991, 1997 and 2009) all feature heavily with three films apiece. George Lucas directed two chart-toppers in 1977 and 1999, but also served in a strong creative capacity as a producer and writer in 1980, 1981, 1983, 1984 and 1989 as well. The following directors have also all directed two films on the chart: Frank Lloyd, King Vidor, Frank Capra, Michael Curtiz, Leo McCarey, Alfred Hitchcock, David Lean, Stanley Kubrick, Guy Hamilton, Mike Nichols, William Friedkin, Peter Jackson, Gore Verbinski and Michael Bay; Mervyn LeRoy, Ken Annakin and Robert Wise are each represented by one solo credit and one shared credit, and John Ford co-directed two films. Disney films are usually co-directed and some directors have served on several winning teams: Wilfred Jackson, Hamilton Luske, Clyde Geronimi, David Hand, Ben Sharpsteen, Wolfgang Reitherman and Bill Roberts have all co-directed at least two films on the list. Only five directors have topped the chart in consecutive years: McCarey (1944 and 1945), Nichols (1966 and 1967), Spielberg (1981 and 1982), Jackson (2002 and 2003) and Verbinski (2006 and 2007).

text: Because of release schedules—especially in the case of films released towards the end of the year—and different release patterns across the world, many films can do business in two or more calendar years; therefore the grosses documented here are not confined to just the year of release. Grosses are not limited to original theatrical runs either, with many older films often being re-released periodically so the figures represent all the business a film has done since its original release; a film's first-run gross is included in brackets after the total if known. Because of incomplete data it cannot be known for sure how much money some films have made and when they made it, but generally the chart chronicles the films from each year that went on to earn the most. In the cases where estimates conflict both films are recorded, and in cases where a film has moved into first place because of being re-released the previous record-holder is also retained. At least one film every year has generated $100 million in gross revenue at the box office since 1967, and from 2008 each year has succeeded in producing a billion dollar grossing film.

text:
High-grossing films by year of release[38][39][40]

Year

Title

Worldwide gross

Budget

Reference(s)

1915

The Birth of a Nation

7007500000000000000♠$50,000,000–7008100000000000000♠100,000,0007007200000000000000♠$20,000,000+R (7006520000000000000♠$5,200,000)R

7005110000000000000♠$110,000

[# 87][# 88][# 89]

1916

Intolerance

7006100000000000000♠$1,000,000*R IN

7005489653000000000♠$489,653

[# 90][# 91]

1917

Cleopatra

7005500000000000000♠$500,000*R

7005300000000000000♠$300,000

[# 90]

1918

Mickey

7006800000000000000♠$8,000,000

7005250000000000000♠$250,000

[# 92]

1919

The Miracle Man

7006300000000000000♠$3,000,000R

7005120000000000000♠$120,000

[# 93]

1920

Way Down East

7006500000000000000♠$5,000,000R (7006400000000000000♠$4,000,000)R

7005800000000000000♠$800,000

[# 94][# 95]

1921

The Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse

7006500000000000000♠$5,000,000R (7006400000000000000♠$4,000,000)R

7005600000000000000♠$600,000–7005800000000000000♠800,000

[# 96]

1922

Robin Hood

7006250000000000000♠$2,500,000R

7005930042780000000♠$930,042.78

[# 97][# 98]

1923

The Covered Wagon

7006500000000000000♠$5,000,000R

7005800000000000000♠$800,000

[# 99][# 100]

1924

The Sea Hawk

7006300000000000000♠$3,000,000R

7005700000000000000♠$700,000

[# 99]

1925

The Big Parade

7007180000000000000♠$18,000,000–7007220000000000000♠22,000,000R  (7006613100000000000♠$6,131,000)R

7005382000000000000♠$382,000

[# 101][# 102][# 103]

Ben-Hur

7007107380000000000♠$10,738,000R (7006938600000000000♠$9,386,000)R

7006396700000000000♠$3,967,000

[# 104][# 105]

1926

For Heaven's Sake

7006260000000000000♠$2,600,000R FH

7005150000000000000♠$150,000

[# 94][# 106]

1927

Wings

7006360000000000000♠$3,600,000R

7006200000000000000♠$2,000,000

[# 94][# 107][# 108]

1928

The Singing Fool

7006590000000000000♠$5,900,000R

7005388000000000000♠$388,000

[# 108][# 109]

1929

The Broadway Melody

7006440000000000000♠$4,400,000–7006480000000000000♠4,800,000R

7005379000000000000♠$379,000

[# 110][# 111]

Sunny Side Up

7006350000000000000♠$3,500,000*R SS

7005600000000000000♠$600,000

[# 112][# 113]

1930

All Quiet on the Western Front

7006300000000000000♠$3,000,000R

7006125000000000000♠$1,250,000

[# 94][# 114][# 115][# 116]

1931

Frankenstein

7007120000000000000♠$12,000,000R (7006140000000000000♠$1,400,000)R

7005250000000000000♠$250,000

[# 117][# 118]

City Lights

7006500000000000000♠$5,000,000R

7006160735100000000♠$1,607,351

[# 119]

1932

The Sign of the Cross

7006273899300000000♠$2,738,993R

7005694065000000000♠$694,065

[# 100][# 120][# 121][# 122]

1933

King Kong

7006534700000000000♠$5,347,000R (7006185600000000000♠$1,856,000)R

7005672255750000000♠$672,255.75

[# 123]

I'm No Angel

7006325000000000000♠$3,250,000+R

7005200000000000000♠$200,000

[# 124][# 125]

Cavalcade

7006300000000000000♠$3,000,000–7006400000000000000♠4,000,000R

7006111600000000000♠$1,116,000

[# 95][# 115]

She Done Him Wrong

7006300000000000000♠$3,000,000+R

7005274076000000000♠$274,076

[# 126][# 127][# 128]

1934

The Merry Widow

7006260800000000000♠$2,608,000R

7006160500000000000♠$1,605,000

[# 129][# 121]

It Happened One Night

7006100000000000000♠$1,000,000R ON

7005325000000000000♠$325,000

[# 130][# 131]

1935

Mutiny on the Bounty

7006446000000000000♠$4,460,000R

7006190500000000000♠$1,905,000

[# 121]

1936

San Francisco

7006604400000000000♠$6,044,000+R (7006527300000000000♠$5,273,000)R

7006130000000000000♠$1,300,000

[# 129][# 121]

1937

Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs

7008418000000000000♠$418,000,000+S7 (7006850000000000000♠$8,500,000)R

7006148842300000000♠$1,488,423

[# 132][# 133]

1938

You Can't Take It With You

7006500000000000000♠$5,000,000R

7006120000000000000♠$1,200,000

[# 134][# 135]

1939

Gone with the Wind

7008390525192000000♠$390,525,192–7008401776459000000♠401,776,459  (7007320000000000000♠$32,000,000)R GW

7006390000000000000♠$3,900,000–7006425000000000000♠4,250,000

[# 136][# 137][# 138][# 139]

1940

Pinocchio

7007870008620000000♠$87,000,862* (7006350000000000000♠$3,500,000)R

7006260000000000000♠$2,600,000

[# 140][# 133][# 141]

Boom Town

7006460000000000000♠$4,600,000*R

7006210000000000000♠$2,100,000

[# 142][# 143]

1941

Sergeant York

7006780000000000000♠$7,800,000R

7006160000000000000♠$1,600,000

[# 144][# 145]

1942

Bambi

7008267997843000000♠$267,997,843 (7006344935300000000♠$3,449,353)R

7006170000000000000♠$1,700,000–7006200000000000000♠2,000,000

[# 146][# 147][# 148]

Mrs. Miniver

7006887800000000000♠$8,878,000R

7006134400000000000♠$1,344,000

[# 149][# 150]

1943

For Whom the Bell Tolls

7007110000000000000♠$11,000,000R

7006268129800000000♠$2,681,298

[# 151][# 152][# 153]

This Is the Army

7006955558644000000♠$9,555,586.44*R

7006140000000000000♠$1,400,000

[# 154][# 155][# 153]

1944

Going My Way

7006650000000000000♠$6,500,000*R

7006100000000000000♠$1,000,000

[# 156][# 157][# 158]

1945

Mom and Dad

7007800000000000000♠$80,000,000MD/7007220000000000000♠$22,000,000R

7004650000000000000♠$65,000

[# 159]

The Bells of St. Mary's

7007112000000000000♠$11,200,000R

7006160000000000000♠$1,600,000

[# 160]

1946

Song of the South

7007650000000000000♠$65,000,000* (7006330000000000000♠$3,300,000)R

7006212500000000000♠$2,125,000

[# 161][# 162][# 163]

The Best Years of Our Lives

7007147500000000000♠$14,750,000R

7006210000000000000♠$2,100,000

[# 164][# 165]

Duel in the Sun

7007100000000000000♠$10,000,000*R

7006525500000000000♠$5,255,000

[# 156][# 166]

1947

Forever Amber

7006800000000000000♠$8,000,000R

7006637500000000000♠$6,375,000

[# 112][# 166]

Unconquered

7006750000000000000♠$7,500,000R UN

7006420000000000000♠$4,200,000

[# 167][# 168]

1948

Easter Parade

7006591813400000000♠$5,918,134R

7006250000000000000♠$2,500,000

[# 158][# 169]

The Red Shoes

7006500000000000000♠$5,000,000*R

7006200000000000000♠7005505581000000000♠£505,581 (7006200000000000000♠~$2,000,000)

[# 156][# 170][# 171]

The Snake Pit

7006410000000000000♠$4,100,000*R

7006380000000000000♠$3,800,000

[# 172][# 173]

1949

Samson and Delilah

7007142092500000000♠$14,209,250R

7006309756300000000♠$3,097,563

[# 174][# 100]

1950

Cinderella

7008263591415000000♠$263,591,415(7007200000000000000♠$20,000,000/7006780000000000000♠$7,800,000R)

7006220000000000000♠$2,200,000

[# 175][# 176][# 177]

King Solomon's Mines

7007100500000000000♠$10,050,000R

7006225800000000000♠$2,258,000

[# 178]

1951

Quo Vadis

7007210370000000000♠$21,037,000–7007267000000000000♠26,700,000R

7006762300000000000♠$7,623,000

[# 174][# 179][# 180]

1952

This Is Cinerama

7007500000000000000♠$50,000,000CI

7006100000000000000♠$1,000,000

[# 181][# 182]

The Greatest Show on Earth

7007183500000000000♠$18,350,000R GS

7006387394600000000♠$3,873,946

[# 183][# 184][# 100]

1953

Peter Pan

7008145000000000000♠$145,000,000

7006300000000000000♠$3,000,000–7006400000000000000♠4,000,000

[# 185]

The Robe

7007250000000000000♠$25,000,000–7007261000000000000♠26,100,000R

7006410000000000000♠$4,100,000

[# 186][# 187][# 180]

1954

Rear Window

7007245000000000000♠$24,500,000* (7006530000000000000♠$5,300,000)*R

7006100000000000000♠$1,000,000

[# 188][# 179]

White Christmas

7007260000500000000♠$26,000,050* (7007120000000000000♠$12,000,000)*R

7006380000000000000♠$3,800,000

[# 189][# 190][# 191]

20,000 Leagues Under the Sea

7007250001340000000♠$25,000,134*(7006680000000000000♠$6,800,000–7006800000000000000♠8,000,000)*R

7006450000000000000♠$4,500,000–7006900000000000000♠9,000,000

[# 192][# 193][# 156][# 194]

1955

Lady and the Tramp

7008187000000000000♠$187,000,000 (7006650000000000000♠$6,500,000)*R

7006400000000000000♠$4,000,000

[# 195][# 156][# 196]

Cinerama Holiday

7007210000000000000♠$21,000,000CI

7006200000000000000♠$2,000,000

[# 197][# 198]

Mister Roberts

7006990000000000000♠$9,900,000R

7006240000000000000♠$2,400,000

[# 199]

1956

The Ten Commandments

7007900662300000000♠$90,066,230R(7008122700000000000♠$122,700,000/7007552000000000000♠$55,200,000R)

7007132700000000000♠$13,270,000

[# 100][# 200][# 201]

1957

The Bridge on the River Kwai

7007306000000000000♠$30,600,000R

7006284000000000000♠$2,840,000

[# 201]

1958

South Pacific

7007300000000000000♠$30,000,000R

7006561000000000000♠$5,610,000

[# 202]

1959

Ben-Hur

7007900000000000000♠$90,000,000R(7008146900000000000♠$146,900,000/7007661000000000000♠$66,100,000R)

7007159000000000000♠$15,900,000

[# 203][# 204]

1960

Swiss Family Robinson

7007300000000000000♠$30,000,000R

7006400000000000000♠$4,000,000

[# 205]

Spartacus

7007600000000000000♠$60,000,000 (7007221052250000000♠$22,105,225)R

7007102840140000000♠$10,284,014

[# 206][# 207]

Psycho

7007500000000000000♠$50,000,000+ (7007140000000000000♠$14,000,000)R

7005800000000000000♠$800,000

[# 208]

1961

One Hundred and One Dalmatians

7008215880212000000♠$215,880,212

7006360000000000000♠$3,600,000–7006400000000000000♠4,000,000

[# 209][# 210][# 148]

West Side Story

7008105000000000000♠$105,000,000 (7007318000000000000♠$31,800,000)R

7006700000000000000♠$7,000,000

[# 211][# 212]

1962

Lawrence of Arabia

7007773248520000000♠$77,324,852 (7007699953850000000♠$69,995,385)

7007138000000000000♠$13,800,000

[# 213][# 214]

How the West Was Won

7007350000000000000♠$35,000,000R

7007144830000000000♠$14,483,000

[# 215]

The Longest Day

7007332000000000000♠$33,200,000R

7006860000000000000♠$8,600,000

[# 212][# 214]

1963

Cleopatra

7007403000000000000♠$40,300,000R

7007311150000000000♠$31,115,000

[# 212][# 214]

From Russia with Love

7007789000000000000♠$78,900,000/7007294000000000000♠$29,400,000R(7007125000000000000♠$12,500,000)R

7006200000000000000♠$2,000,000

[# 216][# 217][# 218]

1964

My Fair Lady

7007550000000000000♠$55,000,000R

7007170000000000000♠$17,000,000

[# 219]

Goldfinger

7008124900000000000♠$124,900,000 (7007460000000000000♠$46,000,000)R

7006300000000000000♠$3,000,000

[# 216][# 218]

Mary Poppins

7007440000000000000♠$44,000,000–7007500000000000000♠$50,000,000R

7006520000000000000♠$5,200,000

[# 220][# 219]

1965

The Sound of Music

7008286214076000000♠$286,214,076 (7008114600000000000♠$114,600,000)R

7006800000000000000♠$8,000,000

[# 221][# 212]

1966

The Bible: In the Beginning

7007253000000000000♠$25,300,000R

7007180000000000000♠$18,000,000

[# 207]

Hawaii

7007345622220000000♠$34,562,222* (7007156000000000000♠$15,600,000)*R

7007150000000000000♠$15,000,000

[# 222][# 156]

Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf?

7007300000000000000♠$30,000,000* (7007145000000000000♠$14,500,000)*R

7006761300000000000♠$7,613,000

[# 223][# 156][# 224]

1967

The Jungle Book

7008378000000000000♠$378,000,000 (7007238000000000000♠$23,800,000)R

7006390000000000000♠$3,900,000–7006400000000000000♠4,000,000

[# 195][# 225][# 226][# 148]

The Graduate

7007850000000000000♠$85,000,000R

7006310000000000000♠$3,100,000

[# 227][# 228]

1968

2001: A Space Odyssey

7008138000000000000♠$138,000,000–7008190000000000000♠190,000,000(7007219000000000000♠$21,900,000)R

7007103000000000000♠$10,300,000

[# 229][# 230][# 212]

Funny Girl

7007800000000000000♠$80,000,000–7008100000000000000♠100,000,000

7006880000000000000♠$8,800,000

[# 231][# 232]

1969

Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid

7008152308525000000♠$152,308,525 (7007371000000000000♠$37,100,000)R

7006660000000000000♠$6,600,000

[# 233][# 212][# 228]

1970

Love Story

7007800000000000000♠$80,000,000R

7006226000000000000♠$2,260,000

[# 234][# 235]

Airport

7007750000000000000♠$75,000,000R

7007100000000000000♠$10,000,000

[# 236][# 237]

1971

The French Connection

7007750000000000000♠$75,000,000R

7006330000000000000♠$3,300,000

[# 112]

Fiddler on the Roof

7007494000000000000♠$49,400,000R  (7008100000000000000♠$100,000,000/7007451000000000000♠$45,100,000R)

7006900000000000000♠$9,000,000

[# 238][# 239]

Diamonds Are Forever

7008116000000000000♠$116,000,000 (7007457000000000000♠$45,700,000)R

7006720000000000000♠$7,200,000

[# 216][# 217]

1972

The Godfather

7008245066044000000♠$245,066,044–7008286000000000000♠286,000,000  (7008127600000000000♠$127,600,000–7008142000000000000♠142,000,000)R

7006620000000000000♠$6,200,000

[# 240][# 239][# 241][# 242]

1973

The Exorcist

7008413071948000000♠$413,071,948 (7008110000000000000♠$110,000,000)R

7007100000000000000♠$10,000,000

[# 243][# 244]

The Sting

7008115000000000000♠$115,000,000R

7006550000000000000♠$5,500,000

[# 245][# 246]

1974

The Towering Inferno

7007918380000000000♠$91,838,000R

7007143000000000000♠$14,300,000

[# 247][# 248][# 249][# 250]

Blazing Saddles

7007800000000000000♠$80,000,000+R

7006260000000000000♠$2,600,000

[# 251][# 252]

1975

Jaws

7008470653591000000♠$470,653,591 (7008193700000000000♠$193,700,000)R

7006900000000000000♠$9,000,000

[# 253][# 254][# 255]

1976

Rocky

7008225000000000000♠$225,000,000 (7007771000000000000♠$77,100,000)R

7006107500000000000♠$1,075,000

[# 256][# 239][# 257]

1977

Star Wars

7008775398007000000♠$775,398,007  (7008530000000000000♠$530,000,000SW/7008268500000000000♠$268,500,000R)

7007112931510000000♠$11,293,151

[# 258][# 259][# 239][# 260]

1978

Grease

7008394954752000000♠$394,954,752 (7008341000000000000♠$341,000,000)

7006600000000000000♠$6,000,000

[# 261][# 262][# 227]

1979

Moonraker

7008210300000000000♠$210,300,000

7007310000000000000♠$31,000,000

[# 216][# 263]

Rocky II

7008200182289000000♠$200,182,289

7006700000000000000♠$7,000,000

[# 264][# 265][# 263]

1980

The Empire Strikes Back

7008547969004000000♠$547,969,004 (7008413562607000000♠$413,562,607)SW

7007230000000000000♠$23,000,000–7007320000000000000♠32,000,000

[# 266][# 267]

1981

Raiders of the Lost Ark

7008389925971000000♠$389,925,971  (7008321866000000000♠$321,866,000–7008353988025000000♠353,988,025)

7007180000000000000♠$18,000,000–7007228000000000000♠22,800,000

[# 268]

1982

E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial

7008792910554000000♠$792,910,554  (7008619000000000000♠$619,000,000–7008664000000000000♠664,000,000)

7007105000000000000♠$10,500,000–7007122000000000000♠12,200,000

[# 269][# 259][# 270][# 271]

1983

Return of the Jedi

7008475106177000000♠$475,106,177 (7008385845197000000♠$385,845,197)SW

7007325000000000000♠$32,500,000–7007427000000000000♠42,700,000

[# 272][# 267]

1984

Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom

7008333107271000000♠$333,107,271

7007270000000000000♠$27,000,000–7007282000000000000♠28,200,000

[# 273][# 274][# 275]

1985

Back to the Future

7008389053797000000♠$389,053,797 (7008381109762000000♠$381,109,762)

7007190000000000000♠$19,000,000–7007220000000000000♠22,000,000

[# 276][# 277]

1986

Top Gun

7008356830601000000♠$356,830,601 (7008345000000000000♠$345,000,000)

7007140000000000000♠$14,000,000–7007190000000000000♠19,000,000

[# 278][# 279][# 274]

1987

Fatal Attraction

7008320145905000000♠$320,145,905

7007140000000000000♠$14,000,000

[# 280][# 274]

1988

Rain Man

7008354825476000000♠$354,825,476

7007300000000000000♠$30,000,000

[# 281][# 282]

1989

Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade

7008474171806000000♠$474,171,806–7008494000000000000♠494,000,000

7007360000000000000♠$36,000,000–7007554000000000000♠55,400,000

[# 283][# 274][# 284]

1990

Ghost

7008505702423000000♠$505,702,423

7007220000000000000♠$22,000,000

[# 285][# 274]

1991

Terminator 2: Judgment Day

7008523774456000000♠$523,774,456 ($519,843,345)

7007940000000000000♠$94,000,000

[# 286][# 287]

1992

Aladdin

7008504050045000000♠$504,050,045

7007280000000000000♠$28,000,000

[# 288][# 148]

1993

Jurassic Park

7009102993990300000♠$1,029,939,903 (7008914691118000000♠$914,691,118)

7007630000000000000♠$63,000,000–7007700000000000000♠70,000,000

[# 46]

1994

The Lion King

7008968483777000000♠$968,483,777 (7008763455561000000♠$763,455,561)

7007450000000000000♠$45,000,000–7007793000000000000♠79,300,000

[# 62]

1995

Toy Story

7008373554033000000♠$373,554,033 (7008364873776000000♠$364,873,776)

7007300000000000000♠$30,000,000

[# 289][# 290]

Die Hard with a Vengeance

7008366101666000000♠$366,101,666

7007700000000000000♠$70,000,000

[# 291][# 292]

1996

Independence Day

7008817400891000000♠$817,400,891

7007750000000000000♠$75,000,000

[# 293]

1997

Titanic

7009218746394400000♠$2,187,463,944 (7009184320126800000♠$1,843,201,268)

7008200000000000000♠$200,000,000

[# 3]

1998

Armageddon

7008553709626000000♠$553,709,626

7008140000000000000♠$140,000,000

[# 294][# 295]

1999

Star Wars: Episode I – The Phantom Menace

7009102704467700000♠$1,027,044,677 (7008924317558000000♠$924,317,558)

7008115000000000000♠$115,000,000–7008127500000000000♠127,500,000

[# 50][# 267]

2000

Mission: Impossible 2

7008546388105000000♠$546,388,105

7008100000000000000♠$100,000,000–7008125000000000000♠125,000,000

[# 296][# 274]

2001

Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone

7008974755371000000♠$974,755,371

7008125000000000000♠$125,000,000

[# 58]

2002

The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers

7008926349708000000♠$926,349,708 (7008921780457000000♠$921,780,457)

7007940000000000000♠$94,000,000

[# 78]

2003

The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King

7009112023700200000♠$1,120,237,002 (7009111911094100000♠$1,119,110,941)

7007940000000000000♠$94,000,000

[# 29]

2004

Shrek 2

7008919838758000000♠$919,838,758

7008150000000000000♠$150,000,000

[# 80]

2005

Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire

7008896911078000000♠$896,911,078

7008150000000000000♠$150,000,000

[# 82]

2006

Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Man's Chest

7009106617972500000♠$1,066,179,725

7008225000000000000♠$225,000,000

[# 39]

2007

Pirates of the Caribbean: At World's End

7008963420425000000♠$963,420,425

7008300000000000000♠$300,000,000

[# 65]

2008

The Dark Knight

7009100455844400000♠$1,004,558,444 (7008997039412000000♠$997,039,412)

7008185000000000000♠$185,000,000

[# 56]

2009

Avatar

7009278796508700000♠$2,787,965,087 (7009274906432800000♠$2,749,064,328)

7008237000000000000♠$237,000,000

[# 1][# 297]

2010

Toy Story 3

7009106696970300000♠$1,066,969,703

7008200000000000000♠$200,000,000

[# 37]

2011

Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2

7009134151121900000♠$1,341,511,219

7008250000000000000♠$250,000,000HP

[# 14][# 298]

2012

The Avengers

7009151881298800000♠$1,518,812,988

7008220000000000000♠$220,000,000

[# 9]

2013

Frozen

7009129000000000000♠$1,290,000,000 (7009128700000000000♠$1,287,000,000)

7008150000000000000♠$150,000,000

[# 18]

2014

Transformers: Age of Extinction

7009110403907600000♠$1,104,039,076

7008210000000000000♠$210,000,000

[# 33]

2015

Star Wars: The Force Awakens

7009206822362400000♠$2,068,223,624

7008245000000000000♠$245,000,000

[# 5]

2016

Captain America: Civil War

7009115330449500000♠$1,153,304,495

7008250000000000000♠$250,000,000

[# 26]

2017

Star Wars: The Last Jedi

7009133265941000000♠$1,332,659,410

7008200000000000000♠$200,000,000

[# 16]

2018

Black Panther

7009132398410900000♠$1,323,984,109

7008200000000000000♠$200,000,000

[# 17]

text: ( ... ) Since grosses are not limited to original theatrical runs, a film's first-run gross is included in brackets after the total if known.

text: *Canada and U.S. gross only.

text: RDistributor rental.

text: TBATo be ascertained.

text: INNo contemporary sources provide figures for 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea, although The Numbers provides a figure of $8,000,000 for the North American box office gross.[41] However, it is possible this figure has been mistaken for the gross of the 1954 remake which also earned $8,000,000 in North American rentals.[42]

text: FHSome sources such as The Numbers state that Aloma of the South Seas is the highest grossing film of the year, earning $3 million.[43] However, no contemporary sources provide figures for Aloma of the South Seas, so it is unclear what the $3 million figure relates to. If it were the rental gross then that would have made it not only the highest-grossing film of the year, but one of the highest-grossing films of the silent era, and if that is the case it would be unusual for both International Motion Picture Almanac and Variety to omit it from their lists.

text: SSIt is not clear if the figure for Sunny Side Up is for North America or worldwide. Other sources put its earnings at $2 million,[44] which may suggest the higher figure is the worldwide rental, given the confusion over international figures during this period.[45]

text: ONThe figure for It Happened One Night is not truly representative of its success: it was distributed as a package deal along with more than two dozen other Columbia films, and the total earnings were averaged out; the true gross would have been much higher.

text: S7Snow White's $418 million global cume omits earnings outside of North America from 1987 onwards.

text: GWIt is not absolutely clear how much Gone with the Wind earned from its initial release. Contemporary accounts often list it as earning $32 million in North American rentals and retrospective charts have often duplicated this claim; however, it is likely this was the worldwide rental figure. Trade journals would collate the data by either obtaining it from the distributors themselves, who were keen to promote a successful film, or by surveying theaters and constructing an estimate. Distributors would often report the worldwide rental since the higher figure made the film appear more successful, while estimates were limited to performance in North America; therefore it was not unusual for worldwide and North American rentals to be mixed up. Following the outbreak of World War II, many of the foreign markets were unavailable to Hollywood so it became standard practice to just report on North American box-office performance.[45] In keeping with this new approach, the North American rental for Gone with the Wind was revised to $21 million in 1947 ($11 million lower than the previous figure),[46] and as of 1953—following the 1947 re-release—Variety was reporting earnings of $26 million.[47] Through 1956, MGM reported cumulative North American earnings of $30,015,000 and foreign earnings of $18,964,000, from three releases.[48] Worldwide rentals of $32 million from the initial release is consistent with the revised figures and later reported worldwide figures: they indicate that the film earned $21 million in North America and $11 million overseas from the initial release, and added a further $9 million in North America and $8 million overseas from subsequent re-releases up to 1956.

text: MDMom and Dad does not generally feature in 'high-gross' lists such as those published by Variety due to its independent distribution. Essentially belonging to the exploitation genre, it was marketed as an educational sex hygiene film in an effort to circumvent censorship laws. Falling foul of the Motion Picture Production Code, Mom and Dad was prevented from obtaining mainstream distribution and restricted to independent and drive-in theaters. It was the biggest hit of its kind, and remained in continual distribution until the 1970s when hardcore pornography eventually took over. At the end of 1947 it had earned $2 million, and by 1949, $8 million; by 1956 it had earned $22 million in rentals, representing a gross of $80 million, and would have easily placed in the top ten films in the late 1940s and early 1950s. Estimates of its total earnings are as high as $100 million.

text: UNChopra-Gant stipulates that the figure given for Unconquered is for North American box-office, but as was common at the time, the chart confuses worldwide and North American grosses. Other sources state that the takings for Forever Amber ($8 million) and Life with Father ($6.5 million)[49] were in fact worldwide rental grosses, so it is possible this is also true of Unconquered.

text: CIThe Cinerama figures represent gross amounts. Since the Cinerama corporation owned the theaters there were no rental fees for the films, meaning the studio received 100% of the box-office gross, unlike the case with most other films where the distributor typically receives less than half the gross. Since Variety at the time ranked films by their US rental, they constructed a hypothetical rental figure for the Cinerama films to provide a basis for comparison to other films in their chart: in the case of This Is Cinerama, the $50 million worldwide gross was reconfigured as a $12.5 million US rental gross; this is exactly 25% of the amount reported by Cinerama, so Variety's formula seemingly halved the gross to obtain an estimate for the US share, and halved it again to simulate a rental fee. Variety's 'rental' amounts are often repeated, but have no basis in the reality of what the films actually earned—they are hypothetical figures conceived for comparative analysis.[50] All five Cinerama features collectively generated $120 million in worldwide box office receipts.[51]

text: GSVariety put the worldwide rental for The Greatest Show on Earth at around $18.35 million (with $12.8 million coming from the United States[42]) a year after its release; however, Birchard puts its earnings at just over $15 million up to 1962. It is likely that Birchard's figure is just the North American gross rental, and includes revenue from the 1954 and 1960 reissues.

text: SWThe "first run" Star Wars grosses do not include revenue from the 1997 special-edition releases; however, the figure does include revenue from the re-releases prior to the special editions.

text: HPProduction costs were shared with Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1.

text: Timeline of highest-grossing films

text: At least ten films have held the record of 'highest-grossing film' since The Birth of a Nation assumed the top spot in 1915. Both The Birth of a Nation and Gone with the Wind spent twenty-five consecutive years apiece as the highest-grosser, with films directed by Steven Spielberg holding the record on three occasions and James Cameron—the current holder—twice. Spielberg became the first director to break his own record when Jurassic Park overtook E.T., and Cameron emulated the feat when Avatar broke the record set by Titanic.

text: Some sources claim that The Big Parade superseded The Birth of a Nation as highest-grossing film, eventually being replaced by Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs, which in turn was quickly usurped by Gone with the Wind.[52] Exact figures are not known for The Birth of a Nation, but contemporary records put its worldwide earnings at $5.2 million as of 1919.[53] Its international release was delayed by World War I, and it was not released in many foreign territories until the 1920s; coupled with further re-releases in the United States, its $10 million earnings as reported by Variety in 1932 are consistent with the earlier figure.[54] At this time, Variety still had The Birth of a Nation ahead of The Big Parade ($6,400,000) on distributor rentals and—if its estimate is correct—Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs ($8,500,000)[55] would not have earned enough on its first theatrical run to take the record;[56] although it would have been the highest-grossing 'talkie',[57] displacing The Singing Fool ($5,900,000).[58] Although received wisdom holds that it is unlikely The Birth of a Nation was ever overtaken by a silent-era film,[59] the record would fall to 1925's Ben-Hur ($9,386,000) if The Birth of a Nation earned significantly less than its estimated gross.[60] In addition to its gross rental earnings through public exhibition, The Birth of a Nation played at a large number of private, club and organizational engagements which figures are unavailable for.[61] It was hugely popular with the Ku Klux Klan who used it to drive recruitment,[62] and at one point Variety estimated its total earnings to stand at around $50 million.[63] Despite later retracting the claim, the sum has been widely reported even though it has never been substantiated.[53] While it is generally accepted that Gone with the Wind took over the record of highest-grossing film on its initial release—which is true in terms of public exhibition—it is likely it did not overtake The Birth of a Nation in total revenue until a much later date, with it still being reported as the highest earner up until the 1960s.[61] Gone with the Wind itself may have been briefly overtaken by The Ten Commandments (1956), which closed at the end of 1960 with worldwide rentals of $58–60 million[64][65] compared to Gone with the Wind's $59 million;[66] if it did claim the top spot its tenure there was short-lived, since Gone with the Wind was re-released the following year and increased its earnings to $67 million. Depending on how accurate the estimates are, the 1959 remake of Ben-Hur may also have captured the record from Gone with the Wind: as of the end of 1961 it had earned $47 million worldwide,[67] and by 1963 it was trailing Gone with the Wind by just $2 million with international takings of $65 million,[68] ultimately earning $66 million from its initial release.[69]

text: Another film purported to have been the highest-grosser is the 1972 pornographic film, Deep Throat. In 1984, Linda Lovelace testified to a United States Senate Judiciary Subcommittee on juvenile justice that the film had earned $600 million;[70] this figure has been the subject of much speculation, since if it is accurate then the film would have made more money than Star Wars, and finished the 1970s as the highest-grossing film. The main argument against this figure is that it simply did not have a wide enough release to sustain the sort of sums that would be required for it to ultimately gross this amount.[71] Exact figures are not known, but testimony in a federal trial in 1976—about four years into the film's release—showed the film had grossed over $25 million.[72] Roger Ebert has reasoned it possibly did earn as much as $600 million on paper, since mobsters owned most of the adult movie theaters during this period and would launder income from drugs and prostitution through them, so probably inflated the box office receipts for the film.[73]

text: The Birth of a Nation, Gone with the Wind, The Godfather, Jaws, Star Wars, E.T. and Avatar all increased their record grosses with re-releases. The grosses from their original theatrical runs are included here along with totals from re-releases up to the point that they lost the record; therefore the total for The Birth of a Nation includes income from its reissues up to 1940; the total for Star Wars includes revenue from the late 1970s and early 1980s reissues but not from the 1997 Special Edition; the total for E.T. incorporates its gross from the 1985 reissue but not from 2002; the total for Avatar—as the current record-holder—includes all its earnings at the present time. Gone with the Wind is represented twice on the chart: the 1940 entry includes earnings from its staggered 1939–1942 release (roadshow/general release/second-run)[74] along with all of its revenue up to the 1961 reissue prior to losing the record to The Sound of Music in 1966; its 1971 entry—after it took back the record—includes income from the 1967 and 1971 reissues but omitting later releases. The Godfather was re-released in 1973 after its success at the 45th Academy Awards, and Jaws was released again in 1976, and their grosses here most likely include earnings from those releases. The Sound of Music, The Godfather, Jaws, Jurassic Park and Titanic increased their earnings with further releases in 1973, 1997, 1979, 2013 and 2012 respectively, but they are not included in the totals here since they had already conceded the record prior to being re-released.

text:
Timeline of the highest-grossing film record

Established

Title

Record setting gross

Reference(s)

1915[52]

The Birth of a Nation

$5,200,000R

[# 88]

1940

$15,000,000R ‡

[# 299]

1940[25]

Gone with the Wind

$32,000,000R

[# 138]

1963

$67,000,000R ‡

[# 300]

1966[52]

The Sound of Music

$114,600,000R

[# 212]

1971[52]

Gone with the Wind

$116,000,000R ‡

[# 301]

1972[52]

The Godfather

$127,600,000–142,000,000R

[# 239][# 302]

1976[75][76]

Jaws

$193,700,000R

[# 254]

1978[77][78]

Star Wars

$410,000,000/$268,500,000R

[# 303][# 239]

1982

$530,000,000 ‡

[# 259]

1983[79]

E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial

$619,000,000–664,000,000

[# 259][# 270]

1993

$701,000,000 ‡

[# 304]

1993[52]

Jurassic Park

$914,691,118

[# 46]

1998[80]

Titanic

$1,843,201,268

[# 3]

2010[81][82]

Avatar

$2,749,064,328

[# 1]

$2,787,965,087 ‡

text: RDistributor rental.

text: Includes revenue from re-releases. If a film increased its gross through re-releases while holding the record, the year in which it recorded its highest gross is also noted in italics.

text: Prior to 2000, only seven film series had grossed over $1 billion at the box office: James Bond,[83] Star Wars,[84] Indiana Jones,[85] Rocky,[86][87][88] Batman,[89] Jurassic Park[90] and Star Trek.[91] Since the turn of the century that number has increased to over fifty (not including one-off hits such as Avatar, Titanic and Frozen).[92] This is partly due to inflation and market growth, but also to Hollywood's adoption of the franchise model: films that have built-in brand recognition, such as being based on a well known literary source or an established character. The methodology is based on the concept that films associated with things audiences are already familiar with can be more effectively marketed to them, and as such are known as "pre-sold" films within the industry.[28]

text: The films in the cross-franchise Marvel Cinematic Universe have collectively grossed the most, amassing over $14 billion at the box office. The Harry Potter films are the highest-grossing series based on a single property, earning nearly $8 billion at the box office (although the Eon James Bond films have earned over $14 billion in total when adjusted to current prices[93]); Harry Potter has also generated at least $3.5 billion in home video revenue,[94] taking total consumer spending on the films to over $11 billion. If ancillary income from merchandise is included, then Star Wars is the most lucrative property;[95] it holds the Guinness world record for the "most successful film merchandising franchise" and was valued at £19.51 billion in 2012 (approximately $30 billion).[96][97] Only two franchises have had more than two films gross over $1 billion: the Marvel Cinematic Universe with five, and Star Wars with four. The two Avengers films comprise the only franchise where each installment has grossed over $1 billion. Avengers is also the only franchise to have a series average of over $1 billion per film, although the Star Wars, Pirates of the Caribbean, Jurassic Park and Finding Nemo franchises, Harry Potter films, and Peter Jackson's Middle-earth adaptation also average over $1 billion adjusted for inflation.[28][98]

text:
Highest-grossing franchises and film series[§]

(The films in each franchise can be viewed by selecting "show".)

Rank

Series

Total worldwide gross

No. of films

Average of films

Highest-grossing film

1

[show]Marvel Cinematic Universe

$14,835,837,043

18

$824,213,169

The Avengers ($1,518,812,988)

[show]Phase Three

$5,752,901,350

6

$958,816,892

Black Panther ($1,323,984,109)

1

Black Panther (2018)

$1,323,984,109

2

Captain America: Civil War (2016)

$1,153,304,495

3

Spider-Man: Homecoming (2017)

$880,166,924

4

Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2 (2017)

$863,756,051

5

Thor: Ragnarok (2017)

$853,971,376

6

Doctor Strange (2016)

$677,718,395

[show]Phase Two

$5,271,691,209

6

$878,615,202

Avengers: Age of Ultron ($1,405,403,694)

1

Avengers: Age of Ultron (2015)

$1,405,403,694

2

Iron Man 3 (2013)

$1,214,811,252

3

Guardians of the Galaxy (2014)

$773,328,629

4

Captain America: The Winter Soldier (2014)

$714,264,267

5

Thor: The Dark World (2013)

$644,571,402

6

Ant-Man (2015)

$519,311,965

[show]Phase One

$3,811,244,484

6

$635,207,414

The Avengers ($1,518,812,988)

1

The Avengers (2012)

$1,518,812,988

2

Iron Man 2 (2010)

$623,933,331

3

Iron Man (2008)

$585,174,222

4

Thor (2011)

$449,326,618

5

Captain America: The First Avenger (2011)

$370,569,774

6

The Incredible Hulk (2008)

$263,427,551

2

[show]Star Wars

$8,848,894,112

10

$884,889,411

The Force Awakens ($2,068,223,624)

[show]Sequel trilogy

$3,400,883,034

2

$1,700,441,517

The Force Awakens ($2,068,223,624)

1

VII – The Force Awakens (2015)

$2,068,223,624

2

VIII – The Last Jedi (2017)

$1,332,659,410

[show]Prequel trilogy

$2,525,197,773

3

$841,732,591

The Phantom Menace ($1,027,044,677)

1

I – The Phantom Menace (1999)

$1,027,044,677

2

III – Revenge of the Sith (2005)

$848,754,768

3

II – Attack of the Clones (2002)

$649,398,328

[show]Original trilogy

$1,798,473,188

3

$599,491,063

A New Hope ($775,398,007)

1

IV – A New Hope (1977)

$775,398,007

2

V – The Empire Strikes Back (1980)

$547,969,004

3

VI – Return of the Jedi (1983)

$475,106,177

[show]Anthology films

$1,056,057,273

1

$1,056,057,273

Rogue One ($1,056,057,273)

1

Rogue One (2016)

$1,056,057,273

The Clone Wars (2008)

$68,282,844

3

[show]Wizarding World

$8,539,253,704

9

$948,805,967

Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2 ($1,341,511,219)

[show]Harry Potter series

$7,725,216,129

8

$965,652,016

Deathly Hallows – Part 2 ($1,341,511,219)

1

Deathly Hallows – Part 2 (2011)

$1,341,511,219

2

Philosopher's Stone (2001)

$974,755,371

3

Deathly Hallows – Part 1 (2010)

$960,283,305

4

Order of the Phoenix (2007)

$939,885,929

5

Half-Blood Prince (2009)

$934,416,487

6

Goblet of Fire (2005)

$896,911,078

7

Chamber of Secrets (2002)

$878,979,634

8

Prisoner of Azkaban (2004)

$796,688,549

9

IMAX Marathon (2016)

$1,784,557

[show]Fantastic Beasts series

$814,037,575

1

$814,037,575

Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them ($814,037,575)

1

Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them (2016)

$814,037,575

4

[show]James Bond

$7,040,275,645

26

$270,779,833

Skyfall ($1,108,561,013)

[show]Eon series

$6,838,530,927

24

$284,938,789

Skyfall ($1,108,561,013)

[show]Daniel Craig's Bond

$3,174,372,309

4

$793,593,077

Skyfall ($1,108,561,013)

1

Skyfall (2012)

$1,108,561,013

2

Spectre (2015)

$880,674,609

3

Casino Royale (2006)

$599,045,960

4

Quantum of Solace (2008)

$586,090,727

[show]Pierce Brosnan's Bond

$1,479,008,618

4

$369,752,155

Die Another Day ($431,971,116)

1

Die Another Day (2002)

$431,971,116

2

The World Is Not Enough (1999)

$361,832,400

3

GoldenEye (1995)

$352,194,034

4

Tomorrow Never Dies (1997)

$333,011,068

[show]Roger Moore's Bond

$1,151,600,000

7

$164,514,286

Moonraker ($210,300,000)

1

Moonraker (1979)

$210,300,000

2

For Your Eyes Only (1981)

$194,900,000

3

The Spy Who Loved Me (1977)

$185,400,000

4

Octopussy (1983)

$183,700,000

5

A View to a Kill (1985)

$152,400,000

6

Live and Let Die (1973)

$126,400,000

7

The Man with the Golden Gun (1974)

$98,500,000

[show]Sean Connery's Bond

$621,500,000

6

$103,583,333

Thunderball ($141,200,000)

1

Thunderball (1965)

$141,200,000

2

Goldfinger (1964)

$124,900,000

3

Diamonds Are Forever (1971)

$116,000,000

4

You Only Live Twice (1967)

$101,000,000

5

From Russia with Love (1963)

$78,900,000

6

Dr. No (1962)

$59,500,000

[show]Timothy Dalton's Bond

$347,400,000

2

$173,700,000

The Living Daylights ($191,200,000)

1

The Living Daylights (1987)

$191,200,000

2

Licence to Kill (1989)

$156,200,000

[show]George Lazenby's Bond

$64,600,000

1

$64,600,000

On Her Majesty's Secret Service ($64,600,000)

1

On Her Majesty's Secret Service (1969)

$64,600,000

Never Say Never Again (1983)

$160,000,000

Casino Royale (1967)

$41,744,718

5

[show]J. R. R. Tolkien's Middle-earth

$5,884,488,087

7

$840,641,155

The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King ($1,120,237,002)

[show]Jackson series

$5,853,780,255

6

$975,630,043

The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King ($1,120,237,002)

[show]The Hobbit

$2,935,490,211

3

$978,496,737

An Unexpected Journey ($1,021,103,568)

1

An Unexpected Journey (2012)

$1,021,103,568

2

The Desolation of Smaug (2013)

$958,366,855

3

The Battle of the Five Armies (2014)

$956,019,788

[show]The Lord of the Rings

$2,918,526,456

3

$972,842,152

The Return of the King ($1,120,237,002)

1

The Return of the King (2003)

$1,120,237,002

2

The Two Towers (2002)

$926,349,708

3

The Fellowship of the Ring (2001)

$871,939,746

The Lord of the Rings (1978)

$30,471,420

6

[show]The Fast and the Furious

$5,134,895,344

8

$641,861,918

Furious 7 ($1,516,045,911)

1

Furious 7 (2015)

$1,516,045,911

2

The Fate of the Furious (2017)F8

$1,238,764,765

3

Fast & Furious 6 (2013)

$788,679,850

4

Fast Five (2011)

$626,137,675

5

Fast & Furious (2009)

$363,164,265

6

2 Fast 2 Furious (2003)

$236,350,661

7

The Fast and the Furious (2001)

$207,283,925

8

Tokyo Drift (2006)

$158,468,292

7

[show]X-Men

$4,998,857,842

10

$499,885,784

Deadpool ($783,112,979)

[show]Main series

$2,808,832,317

6

$468,138,720

Days of Future Past ($747,862,775)

1

Days of Future Past (2014)

$747,862,775

2

Apocalypse (2016)

$543,934,787

3

The Last Stand (2006)

$459,359,555

4

X2 (2003)

$407,711,549

5

First Class (2011)

$353,624,124

6

X-Men (2000)

$296,339,527

[show]Wolverine series

$1,406,912,546

3

$468,970,849

Logan ($619,021,436)

1

Logan (2017)

$619,021,436

2

The Wolverine (2013)

$414,828,246

3

Origins: Wolverine (2009)

$373,062,864

[show]Deadpool series

$783,112,979

1

$783,112,979

Deadpool ($783,112,979)

1

Deadpool (2016)

$783,112,979

8

[show]Batman

$4,995,812,576

15

$333,054,172

The Dark Knight Rises ($1,084,939,099)

[show]Nolan series

$2,463,716,216

3

$821,238,739

The Dark Knight Rises ($1,084,939,099)

1

The Dark Knight Rises (2012)

$1,084,939,099

2

The Dark Knight (2008)

$1,004,558,444

3

Batman Begins (2005)

$374,218,673

[show]Burton/Schumacher series

$1,335,009,923

5

$267,001,985

Batman ($411,348,924)

[show]Main series

$1,252,907,544

4

$313,226,886

Batman ($411,348,924)

1

Batman (1989)

$411,348,924

2

Batman Forever (1995)

$336,529,144

3

Batman Returns (1992)

$266,822,354

4

Batman & Robin (1997)

$238,207,122

Catwoman (2004)

$82,102,379

[show]DC Extended Universe

$873,634,919

1

$873,634,919

Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice ($873,634,919)

1

Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice (2016)

$873,634,919

The Lego Batman Movie (2017)

$311,950,384

Mask of the Phantasm (1993)

$5,617,391

[show]DC Universe Animated Original Movies

$4,501,125

2

$2,250,563

The Killing Joke ($4,462,034)

1

The Killing Joke (2016)

$4,462,034

2

Batman and Harley Quinn (2017)

$39,091

[show]1960s TV series

$1,757,343

2

$878,672

Batman: The Movie ($1,700,000)

1

Batman: The Movie (1966)*R

$1,700,000

2

Return of the Caped Crusaders (2016)

$57,343

9

[show]Spider-Man

$4,843,426,428

6

$807,237,738

Spider-Man 3 ($890,871,626)

[show]Raimi series

$2,496,346,518

3

$832,115,506

Spider-Man 3 ($890,871,626)

1

Spider-Man 3 (2007)

$890,871,626

2

Spider-Man (2002)

$821,708,551

3

Spider-Man 2 (2004)

$783,766,341

[show]Webb series

$1,466,912,986

2

$733,456,493

The Amazing Spider-Man ($757,930,663)

1

The Amazing Spider-Man (2012)

$757,930,663

2

The Amazing Spider-Man 2 (2014)

$708,982,323

[show]Marvel Cinematic Universe

$880,166,924

1

$880,166,924

Homecoming ($880,166,924)

1

Homecoming (2017)

$880,166,924

10

[show]Pirates of the Caribbean

$4,524,439,761

5

$904,887,952

Dead Man's Chest ($1,066,179,725)

1

Dead Man's Chest (2006)

$1,066,179,725

2

On Stranger Tides (2011)

$1,045,713,802

3

At World's End (2007)

$963,420,425

4

Dead Men Tell No Tales (2017)

$794,861,794

5

The Curse of the Black Pearl (2003)

$654,264,015

11

[show]Transformers

$4,385,136,428

6

$730,856,071

Dark of the Moon ($1,123,794,079)

[show]Bay series

$4,379,286,781

5

$875,857,356

Dark of the Moon ($1,123,794,079)

1

Dark of the Moon (2011)

$1,123,794,079

2

Age of Extinction (2014)

$1,104,054,072

3

Revenge of the Fallen (2009)

$836,303,693

4

Transformers (2007)

$709,709,780

5

The Last Knight (2017)

$605,425,157

The Transformers: The Movie (1986)

$5,849,647

12

[show]DC Extended Universe

$3,768,298,638

5

$753,659,728

Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice ($873,634,919)

1

Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice (2016)

$873,634,919

2

Wonder Woman (2017)

$821,847,012

3

Suicide Squad (2016)

$746,846,894

4

Man of Steel (2013)

$668,045,518

5

Justice League (2017)

$657,924,295

13

[show]Despicable Me

$3,708,073,676

4

$927,018,419

Minions ($1,159,398,397)

[show]Main series

$2,548,675,279

3

$849,558,426

Despicable Me 3 ($1,034,799,409)

1

Despicable Me 3 (2017)

$1,034,799,409

2

Despicable Me 2 (2013)

$970,761,885

3

Despicable Me (2010)

$543,113,985

Minions (2015)

$1,159,398,397

14

[show]Jurassic Park

$3,689,072,919

4

$922,268,230

Jurassic World ($1,671,713,208)

1

Jurassic World (2015)

$1,671,713,208

2

Jurassic Park (1993)

$1,029,939,903

3

The Lost World (1997)

$618,638,999

4

Jurassic Park III (2001)

$368,780,809

15

[show]Shrek

$3,510,794,482

5

$702,158,896

Shrek 2 ($919,838,758)

[show]Main series

$2,955,807,005

4

$738,951,751

Shrek 2 ($919,838,758)

1

Shrek 2 (2004)

$919,838,758

2

Shrek the Third (2007)

$798,958,162

3

Shrek Forever After (2010)

$752,600,867

4

Shrek (2001)

$484,409,218

Puss in Boots (2011)

$554,987,477

16

[show]The Twilight Saga

$3,346,157,056

5

$669,231,411

Breaking Dawn – Part 2 ($829,746,820)

1

Breaking Dawn – Part 2 (2012)

$829,746,820

2

Breaking Dawn – Part 1 (2011)

$712,205,856

3

New Moon (2009)

$709,711,008

4

Eclipse (2010)

$698,491,347

5

Twilight (2008)

$393,616,788

6

Twilight/New Moon (Combo)

$2,385,237

17

[show]Ice Age

$3,217,251,681

5

$643,450,336

Dawn of the Dinosaurs ($886,686,817)

1

Dawn of the Dinosaurs (2009)

$886,686,817

2

Continental Drift (2012)

$877,244,782

3

The Meltdown (2006)

$661,483,908

4

Collision Course (2016)

$408,579,038

5

Ice Age (2002)

$383,257,136

18

[show]The Hunger Games

$2,968,191,442

4

$742,047,861

Catching Fire ($865,011,746)

1

Catching Fire (2013)

$865,011,746

2

Mockingjay – Part 1 (2014)

$755,356,711

3

The Hunger Games (2012)

$694,394,724

4

Mockingjay – Part 2 (2015)

$653,428,261

19

[show]Avengers

$2,924,216,682

2

$1,462,108,341

The Avengers ($1,518,812,988)

1

The Avengers (2012)

$1,518,812,988

2

Age of Ultron (2015)

$1,405,403,694

20

[show]Mission: Impossible

$2,778,977,995

5

$555,795,599

Ghost Protocol ($694,713,380)

1

Ghost Protocol (2011)

$694,713,380

2

Rogue Nation (2015)

$682,330,139

3

Mission: Impossible II (2000)

$546,388,105

4

Mission: Impossible (1996)

$457,696,359

5

Mission: Impossible III (2006)

$397,850,012

21

[show]Superman

$2,554,201,360

8

$319,275,170

Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice ($873,260,194)

[show]DC Extended Universe

$1,541,305,712

2

$770,652,856

Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice ($873,260,194)

1

Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice (2016)

$873,260,194

2

Man of Steel (2013)

$668,045,518

[show]Original series

$621,814,456

5

$124,362,891

Superman ($300,218,018)

[show]Christopher Reeve films

$607,518,018

4

$151,879,505

Superman ($300,218,018)

1

Superman (1978)

$300,218,018

2

Superman II (1980)

$190,400,000

3

Superman III (1983)

$80,200,000

4

Superman IV: The Quest for Peace (1987)

$36,700,000

Supergirl (1984)*

$14,296,438

Superman Returns (2006)

$391,081,192

22

[show]Iron Man

$2,423,918,805

3

$807,972,935

Iron Man 3 ($1,214,811,252)

1

Iron Man 3 (2013)

$1,214,811,252

2

Iron Man 2 (2010)

$623,933,331

3

Iron Man (2008)

$585,174,222

23

[show]Star Trek

$2,266,723,196

13

$174,363,323

Into Darkness ($467,381,584)

[show]Kelvin Timeline

$1,189,710,370

3

$396,570,123

Into Darkness ($467,381,584)

1

Into Darkness (2013)

$467,381,584

2

Star Trek (2009)

$385,680,446

3

Beyond (2016)

$336,648,340

[show]The Original Series

$621,900,000

6

$103,650,000

The Motion Picture ($139,000,000)

1

The Motion Picture (1979)

$139,000,000

2

IV: The Voyage Home (1986)

$133,000,000

3

VI: The Undiscovered Country (1991)

$96,900,000

4

II: The Wrath of Khan (1982)

$95,800,000

5

III: The Search for Spock (1984)

$87,000,000

6

V: The Final Frontier (1989)

$70,200,000

[show]The Next Generation

$455,112,826

4

$113,778,207

First Contact ($150,000,000)

1

First Contact (1996)

$150,000,000

2

Generations (1994)

$120,000,000

3

Insurrection (1998)

$117,800,000

4

Nemesis (2002)

$67,312,826

24

[show]Madagascar

$2,256,517,920

4

$564,129,480

Europe's Most Wanted ($746,921,274)

[show]Main series

$1,883,502,299

3

$627,834,100

Europe's Most Wanted ($746,921,274)

1

Europe's Most Wanted (2012)

$746,921,274

2

Escape 2 Africa (2008)

$603,900,354

3

Madagascar (2005)

$532,680,671

Penguins of Madagascar (2014)

$373,015,621

25

[show]Captain America

$2,238,138,536

3

$746,046,179

Civil War ($1,153,304,495)

1

Civil War (2016)

$1,153,304,495

2

The Winter Soldier (2014)

$714,264,267

3

The First Avenger (2011)

$370,569,774

text: *Canada and U.S. gross only.

text: RDistributor rental.


document_title: Tropical cyclone effects in Europe

question_text: when's the last time a hurricane hit europe

question_tokens: when 's the last time a hurricane hit europe

root

text: Tropical cyclone effects in Europe

text: Climatology and predictions[edit]

text: Beginning in the 1860s, advanced meteorological observation stations, as well as ship reports, allowed Atlantic hurricanes to be tracked for extended durations, including to the European mainland in some cases. Most storms that affected Europe have done so from August to October, which is the climatological peak of the Atlantic hurricane season. In a survey of such European tropical cyclones from 1961 to 2010, Dr. Kieran Hickey observed that the storms generally formed west of Africa and recurved to the northeast, or formed off the east coast of the United States and proceeded eastward. Due to their positions far to the west of the rest of Europe, Ireland and the United Kingdom experienced the most effects, although countries as far east as Russia and Cyprus have experienced tropical cyclone impacts.[2]

tag: p

text: Tropical-like systems, referred to as "medicanes,"[3] are occasionally observed over the Mediterranean Sea. Several of these storms have developed eye-like features and hurricane-force winds; however, their nature is contrary to that of a tropical cyclone. The majority of these storm originate from deep, cold-core lows which they do not fully disassociate from. Additionally, unlike tropical systems, sea surface temperatures above 26 °C (79 °F) are not required for their development.[4]

text: In a paper published in April 2013, the Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute predicted that by the year 2100, global warming would greatly increase the threat of hurricane-force winds to western Europe from former tropical cyclones and hybrid storms, the latter similar to Hurricane Sandy in 2012. One model predicted an increase from 2 to 13 in the number of cyclones with hurricane-force winds in the waters offshore western Europe. The study suggested that conditions favorable for tropical cyclones would expand 1,100 km (700 mi) to the east. A separate study based out of University of Castile-La Mancha predicted that hurricanes would develop in the Mediterranean Sea in Septembers by the year 2100, which would threaten countries in southern Europe.[5]

text: Storms[edit]

text: August 1680 – A reconstructed path of a hurricane proposed by researchers from contemporary records which is thought to have undergone extra-tropical transition over the North Atlantic before affecting Wales and southern England.[6]

tag: ul

text:
November 18–19, 1724 – One of the most destructive storms ever experienced in Portugal since the early 17th century,[7] caused damage to the east coast of Madeira and central and northern Portugal. (There is some conjecture whether this storm was a tropical system such as Hurricane Vince in 2005 which impacted Europe).[8]
October 29, 1842 – Research presented to the American Meteorological Society suggested that the equivalent of a Category 2 on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale was located over the extreme eastern Atlantic Ocean in late October 1842. While passing near Madeira, the storm produced a pressure of 965 mbar (28.5 inHg), causing heavy damage there. Moving to the northeast, the cyclone struck southwestern Spain on October 29 with winds estimated at over 95 km/h (60 mph), which was strong enough to uproot trees and damage houses. Researchers estimated that the storm was becoming extratropical at or shortly after landfall; if tropical, the cyclone would be the only tropical storm to make landfall in continental Europe. The storm was considered an analog to Hurricane Vince in 2005.[9]
September 1848 – A hurricane travelled from the Caribbean to the east coast of the United States, eventually dissipating near the United Kingdom. It resulted in one of the earliest completed track maps for an Atlantic hurricane.[10]
September 1, 1883 – An extratropical storm, which previously passed near Bermuda as a major hurricane, crossed over the British Isles, producing hurricane-force winds and rough seas in London.[11]
September 6, 1884 – After moving across Newfoundland as a tropical storm, an extratropical storm struck Ireland with gusty winds.[12]
September 6, 1887 – The remnants of a hurricane produced strong winds along the northern Irish coastline.[13]
November 6, 1887 – A tropical storm that struck Florida became extratropical, moved across the Atlantic Ocean, and eventually brushed southern Ireland before striking France.[14]

text:
October 2, 1906 – After tracking across the Azores, a former tropical storm dissipated near Wales, bringing rainfall and strong winds to the United Kingdom.[15]
September 7, 1917 – The remnants of a hurricane were noted just south of Iceland; impacts, if any, are unknown.[16]
September 26, 1922 – The remnants of a hurricane brought gale-force winds to parts of Wales.[17]
August 26–27, 1927 – The powerful remnants of a hurricane moved over Iceland with a central pressure of 963 mb (hPa; 28.44 inHg). Hurricane-force winds were measured over the North Atlantic, though winds in Iceland only reached 65 km/h (40 mph).[18]
September 13–17, 1932 – The extratropical remnants of a hurricane that previously struck the Bahamas later tracked across Iceland, Jan Mayen Island, northern Scandinavia, and into northwestern Russia.[19][20] Sustained winds in Finland reached 83 km/h (52 mph) while Iceland experienced winds up to 74 km/h (46 mph).[21]
September 28, 1944 – The remnants of a hurricane merged with another extratropical system over Iceland; impacts, if any, are unknown.[22]
October 16, 1944 – The remnants of a hurricane moved over the Iberian Peninsula; sustained winds reached 74 km/h (46 mph) in Seville, Spain.[23]
September 17, 1950 – Former Hurricane Dog dissipated near Ireland, after having crossed much of the Atlantic Ocean.[24]
September 17, 1953 – The remnants of Hurricane Dolly dissipated along the coast of Portugal.[24]
September 24–25, 1957 – The extratropical remnants of Hurricane Carrie brought strong winds, waves, and severe flooding to the British Isles, resulting in three fatalities.[25][26]
October 4, 1958 – The remnants of Hurricane Helene dissipated along the coast of Great Britain.[24]
September 17, 1961 – Hurricane Debbie struck Ireland, although official records are unclear whether it was tropical or not at landfall.[24][27] Regardless of its status, Debbie produced among the lowest pressures in Europe from a post-tropical cyclone, with a pressure of 950 mbar (28 inHg) reported between Ireland and Scotland. At Malin Head in northwestern Ireland, a gust of 183 km/h (114 mph) was reported, which was the highest gust in a survey of post-tropical cyclones from 1960 to 2009. Sustained winds reached 126 km/h (78 mph) at the same location.[2] The high winds caused heavy damage across Ireland, estimated at over $40 million (1961 USD). There were also 12 deaths in the country.[28] High winds also affected Northern Ireland, killing six people.[29][30]

text:
September 6, 1966 – Hurricane Faith was officially declared extratropical to the north of Scotland,[24] having tracked 13,000 km (8,000 miles) as a tropical cyclone. That day, a pressure of 960 mbar (28 inHg) was reported in the North Sea, along with winds of 167 km/h (104 mph). Faith capsized a boat off the coast of Denmark, killing one person,[1] although the other 144 people on board were rescued.[31] The storm later struck Norway with high winds and rainfall,[1] causing flooding,[32] and proceeded to move over northern Russia.[33]
September 21, 1967 – Tropical Storm Chloe evolved into an extratropical cyclone off the northern coast of France before moving over western Europe.[24] Details on the storm's impact are unknown, though 14 people drowned when the Fiete Schulze sank in the Bay of Biscay.[34][35]
October 13, 1973 – Hurricane Fran evolved into a powerful extratropical cyclone as it approached the British Isles; it was absorbed by a cold front before moving through the region. Several vessels measured winds up to 95 km/h (59 mph) off the coasts of England and France.[36]
September 1978 – The remnants of Hurricane Flossie produced extreme winds over parts of Northern Scotland, with a peak value of 167 km/h (104 mph) between Orkney and Shetland.[2]
October 3, 1981 – The remnants of Hurricane Irene moved ashore in France with winds of about 55 km/h (35 mph).[37]
October 4, 1985 – The warmest October day on record was recorded at Basel, Switzerland due to the remnants of Hurricane Gloria.[38]
August 26, 1986 – Former Hurricane Charley moved through Ireland and Great Britain, later dissipating near Denmark.[24] In Dublin, the storm dropped over 200 mm (7.9 in) of rainfall in a 24‑hour period, which set a record and caused severe flooding.[2] Near the city, 451 buildings were flooded after two rivers overflowed their banks.[39] In the Wicklow Mountains, the rainfall resulted in significant runoff, which caused erosion along the Cloghoge River.[40] Record-breaking rainfall also occurred in Wales,[41] causing flooding. Throughout Europe, Charley caused 11 deaths,[42] and the Irish government paid $8.65 million (1986 USD) to pay for road and rail repairs.[2]
August 28, 1987 – The remnants of Hurricane Arlene dissipated over Spain,[24], which produced heavy rain over parts of southern Spain,[43] as well as Portugal, reaching 127 mm (5 in) at Porto.[1] Moisture from the storm also fueled rains in Italy.[44]
August 29, 1991 – Former Hurricane Bob dissipated along the coast of Portugal.[24]
October 30, 1992 – The remnants of Hurricane Frances dissipated over northwestern Spain,[24] causing heavy rains in northern Portugal.[1]

text:
September 13–15, 1993 – A pressure of 960 mbar (hPa; 28.35 inHg) was measured as the remnants of Hurricane Floyd struck France.[2] Off the coast of the British Isles and France, a few vessels became stranded in high seas and 113 km/h (70 mph) winds. The Meteorological Office and the National Rivers Authority stated that tides from the storm could be among the highest of the century. In France, gusts reached 129 km/h (80 mph).[45] Heavy rains around London triggered flooding that closed a few major roads and inundated 50 homes.[46]
August 25, 1995 – The extratropical remnants of Hurricane Felix dissipated near the Faroe Islands.[24]
September 7–9, 1995 – After becoming a powerful mid-latitude cyclone, with a pressure of 957 mbar (hPa; 28.26 inHg) and a core of hurricane-force winds, the remnants of Hurricane Iris struck the British Isles and France.[47] The storm produced wind gusts up to 129 km/h (80 mph) in France and 97 km/h (60 mph) in Britain. More than 2.5 cm (1 in) of rain fell in parts of Devon.[48]
October 16, 1996 – The remnants of Tropical Storm Josephine merged with another extratropical low near Iceland.[49]
October 28, 1996 – As an extratropical storm, Hurricane Lili moved across Ireland and the United Kingdom, producing winds up to 148 km/h (92 mph) in Swansea in Wales. The storm left thousands without power and damaged about 500 cottages. A storm surge flooded areas along the River Thames, and high waves nearly grounded an oil rig in Somerset. Damage was estimated at $300 million (1996 USD, £150 million in 1996 pound sterlings),[1] and there were six deaths.[50]
September 8, 1998 – The extratropical remnants of Hurricane Danielle merged with another storm north of Ireland, which produced strong waves and high winds in Great Britain that forced some evacuations.[51] The storm also spawned a tornado in England.[2]
September 27, 1998 – Tropical Storm Ivan became extratropical near the Azores,[24] and later affected portions of Europe.[2]
September 29, 1998 – Ireland and the United Kingdom experienced rains and gusty winds from the remnants of Hurricane Karl.[52]
October 3, 1998 – Former Hurricane Jeanne dissipated over Spain after striking Portugal.[53]
November 9, 1998 – The extratropical remnants of Hurricane Mitch produced 145 km/h (90 mph) wind gusts that left over 30,000 homes without power in Ireland. The winds also knocked down trees, one of which severely injured a driver.[54]

text:
August 24, 2000 – The extratropical remnants of Hurricane Alberto crossed western Iceland with gale force winds.[55]
October 3, 2000 – As an extratropical storm, Hurricane Isaac moved across Northern Ireland and Scotland with gale force winds,[56] which swept the blue-winged warbler bird to the continent for the first time on record.[57]
October 10, 2000 – The National Hurricane Center tracked the remnants of Tropical Storm Leslie to a position just off the west coast of Ireland.[58] It proceeded to move across the British Isles.[59]
October 23, 2002 – An extratropical storm absorbed Hurricane Kyle and later passed near the British Isles, causing one death due to rough seas.[60]
April 28, 2003 – After being absorbed by a cold front, the remnants of Tropical Storm Ana crossed the British Isles and dropped rainfall.[61]
October 10, 2003 – Former Hurricane Kate produced 110 km/h (70 mph) in Scotland after passing south of Iceland the previous day.[62]
August 8, 2004 – The remnants of Hurricane Alex produced 30 mm (1.18 in) of rainfall in portions of County Down in Northern Ireland.[63]
August 16, 2004 – Heavy rainfall from former Tropical Storm Bonnie, reaching 35 mm (1.38 in), caused flooding in Derry, Northern Ireland.[63]
August 23, 2004 – The third storm to affect Northern Ireland in the month, former Hurricane Charley, dropped about 25 mm (1 in) of rainfall.[63]
September 28, 2004 – The extratropical remnants of Hurricane Karl dissipated after striking northwestern Norway,[64] producing high winds and surf but little damage.[1]
October 3, 2004 – Light rainfall of around 25 mm (1 in), associated with former Hurricane Lisa, affected Northern Ireland,[65] and a tornado related to the system was reported in England.[2]
September 14, 2005 – The remnants of Hurricane Maria merged with an extratropical storm in the far northeastern Atlantic Ocean,[66] dropping 130 mm (5.1 in) of rainfall on the island of Skye in Scotland.[2] The system produced an atmospheric river over Norway, in combination with moisture from former Hurricane Nate.[67] The systems dropped heavy rainfall, reaching about 150 mm (6 in) of rainfall in some areas.[68] The rains amounted to about 5% of the annual precipitation total in just 12 hours.[69] In Bergen – the second largest city in the country – the rains caused a mudslide that destroyed several homes,[68] injured seven, and killed three people.[69] This was the first heavy precipitation event named by The Norwegian Meteorological Institute, who named it extreme weather Kirstin.[70]

text:
September 22, 2005 – Former Hurricane Ophelia moved across the Faroe Islands.[24]
September 29 – October 6, 2005 – Former Hurricane Rita moved across Northern Europe bringing fronts all over the continent.
October 11, 2005 – Tropical Depression Vince made landfall near Huelva, Spain and dissipated shortly thereafter, making it the first tropical cyclone on record to reach the Iberian Peninsula. Vince previously formed near Madeira, and intensified into a hurricane before weakening. Vince produced wind gusts as strong as 77 km/h (48 mph) in Rota, Cádiz, and rainfall reached 84 mm (3.30 in) in Córdoba province.[71] The rains caused minor roadway flooding.[72]
June 19, 2006 – As an extratropical cyclone, former Tropical Storm Alberto crossed the British Isles and was absorbed by a frontal system.[73] Winds were unusually strong for the month of June, with a peak gust of 100 km/h (62 mph) recorded at Capel Curig in Wales.[74]
September 21, 2006 – Hurricane Gordon became extratropical about 440 km (275 mi) west of the coast of Portugal and proceeded to pass just north of the Spanish province of Galicia before turning to the north and looping off western Ireland. In Spain, the former hurricane produced wind gusts of 183 km/h (114 mph) at Punta Candieira in Galicia,[75] and waves of 7 m (23 ft) in height along the coast.[76] The winds left about 100,000 people without power in Spain and caused four injuries there. High winds also left 126,000 people without power in Northern Ireland, where one injury occurred.[75] The storm brought moist air that contributed to record warm temperatures across portions of the United Kingdom.[77]
September 28, 2006 – The remnants of Hurricane Helene merged with an extratropical storm over Scotland, producing 118 km/h (74 mph) wind gusts in the Outer Hebrides of Scotland.[78]
October 4, 2008 – A large extratropical storm absorbed former Tropical Storm Laura to the south of Iceland,[79] which later caused road flooding in Great Britain.[80]
August 27, 2009 – The remnants of Hurricane Bill dropped 31 mm (1.22 in) of rainfall in Shap, England.[81]
October 6, 2009 – Tropical Storm Grace, which formed farther northeast than any other storm since 1972, became extratropical about 370 km (230 mi) southwest of Cork, Ireland.[82] When the remnants moved over Wales and Great Britain, they dropped locally heavy rainfall, reaching 36.6 mm (1.44 in) in Sennybridge, Wales in a 24‑hour period.[83]

text:
September 12, 2011 – An extratropical cyclone, formerly Hurricane Katia, moved across northern Scotland,[84] producing strong wind gusts that reached 158 km/h (98 mph) at the top of the Cairngorms mountain.[85] The winds left thousands of houses without power,[84] while heavy rainfall caused localized flooding.[85] A falling tree killed a bus driver in County Durham, and the unsettled weather from Katia contributed to a car accident on the M54 motorway that killed one person.[84] Damage in the United Kingdom was estimated at £100 million ($157 million USD).[86] Katia was absorbed by a larger extratropical storm on September 13,[84] which subsequently caused high winds and power outages in Estonia.[87]
October 6, 2011 – The remnants of Hurricane Ophelia combined with a cold front to produce 105 km/h (65 mph) winds and snowfall in Scotland.[88]
September 12, 2012 – The remnants of Hurricane Leslie struck Iceland with gusty winds,[89] which left about 30,000 people without power after ice-laden lines were blown down.[90]
September 23, 2012 – Tropical Storm Nadine regenerated southeast of the Azores after having become extratropical a few days prior. The storm would become one of the longest-lasting Atlantic tropical cyclones.[91] While it was nearly stationary, Nadine produced a plume of moisture that dropped heavy rainfall over the United Kingdom, reaching 130 mm (5.12 in) in Ravensworth. The rains flooded houses and disrupted roads and rails.[92] In early October, the remnants of Nadine dropped heavy rainfall in Wales.[93]
October 26–27, 2012 – After moving ashore in central Portugal, the extratropical cyclone that was formerly Hurricane Rafael dissipated.[94] In mountainous areas of southern France, wind gusts reached 168 km/h (104 mph). Just offshore Barcelona, Spain, three waterspouts formed, though all remained offshore.[95]

text:
August 10–11, 2014 – The remains of Hurricane Bertha bring heavy rainfall and high winds for the time of year to Ireland, the UK and northern France.[96][97][98]
August 31 – September 1, 2014 – The remains of Hurricane Cristobal bring gusty winds and heavy rainfall to Iceland that caused flooding to Reykjavík. The fire department received many calls of flooded buildings, while in the Keflavík International Airport, Reykjavík's airport, wind gusts were recorded to be as gusty as 100 km/h (62 mph).[99]
October 21–24, 2014 – The extratropical remnants of Hurricane Gonzalo reached Europe with wind gusts of 110 km/h (70 mph) recorded in Wales and the Isle of Wight. Downed trees blocked roads and strong winds disrupted transportation. In Southwick, West Sussex three people were injured by falling trees with one woman killed in London. Two men also died in separate accidents in Essex and Merseyside.[100][101] The remnants then proceeded to batter Central Europe. Stuttgart had gusts up to 122 km/h (76 mph), Munich Airport up to 108 km/h (67 mph). Much snow fell in the Alps.[102] As of October 23, Gonzalo's remnants had moved to the Aegean Sea. On October 24, rainfall "tied to the remnants of Hurricane Gonzalo" caused intense flooding in Athens, Greece.[103]
June 25- 27, 2015 – Tropical Storm Bill's remnants caused flash flooding in North East England and bought warm temperatures across England and Wales.[104]
September 14–17, 2015 – Tropical Storm Henri's remnants left severe thunderstorms in Germany and France, bringing winds as gusty as 120 km/h (75 mph), and killing two people.[105]
October 11-15, 2015 – Hurricane Joaquin's remnants bought heavy rain across Iberia.[106]
November 15–16, 2015 – Hurricane Kate's remnants brought heavy rain and high winds to Wales.
September 13-16, 2016 – Storm Stephanie, cyclonically looped across the Bay of Biscay, exhibited tropical characteristics on Sep 15, first reported example of a "Biscane" (in analogy with Medicane (Mediterranean hurricanes)).[107]
October 16-17, 2017 – The remnants of Hurricane Ophelia hit Ireland, causing 3 deaths and power outages in Ireland, Northern Ireland, and Wales, with winds reaching almost 100 miles per hour.[108] Over 1000 homes went without power in Scotland as well as causing winds of 76 miles per hour [109]
November 10-11, 2017 – The remnants of Tropical Storm Rina hit the United Kingdom and Ireland on the night of November 10 and into the following day.[110]