document_title: List of Major League Baseball record holders

question_text: who holds the major league record for strikeouts in a single season

text: Batting records (1876–present)[edit]

text: Career[edit]

text:
Record
Player
#
Refs

Highest batting average
Ty Cobb
.3664

Most singles
Pete Rose
3,215
[1]

Most doubles
Tris Speaker
792
[2]

Most triples
Sam Crawford
309
[3]

Most home runs
Barry Bonds
762
[4]

Most grand slams
Alex Rodriguez
23

Most home runs by a pitcher
Wes Ferrell
38

Most grand slams by a pitcher
Madison Bumgarner
3

Oldest player to hit first home run
Bartolo Colón
7004156890000000000♠42 years, 349 days old
[5]

Youngest player to hit a home run
Tommy Brown
7003646700000000000♠17 years, 257 days old
[6]

Most runs batted in
Hank Aaron
2,297
[7]

Most hits
Pete Rose
4,256
[8]

Most runs scored
Rickey Henderson
2,295
[9]

Highest on-base percentage
Ted Williams
.482
[10]

Most stolen bases
Rickey Henderson
1,406
[11]

Most steals of home
Ty Cobb
54

Highest slugging percentage
Babe Ruth
.690
[12]

Highest OPS
Babe Ruth
1.164
[13]

Most walks
Barry Bonds
2,558
[14]

Most intentional walks
Barry Bonds
688
[15]

Most strikeouts
Reggie Jackson
2,597
[16]

Most at-bats
Pete Rose
14,555
[17]

Most total bases
Hank Aaron
6,856
[18]

Most runs created
Barry Bonds
2,892
[19]

Most games played
Pete Rose
3,562
[20]

text: Single-Season[edit]

text:
Records
Player
#
Season
Refs

Games
Maury Wills
165
1962

Highest batting average
Hugh Duffy
.440
1894
[21]

Most singles in a season
Ichiro Suzuki
225
2004
[22]

Most doubles
Earl Webb
67
1931
[23]

Most triples
Chief Wilson
36
1912
[24]

Most home runs
Barry Bonds
73
2001

Most runs batted in
Hack Wilson
191
1930
[25]

Most hits
Ichiro Suzuki
262
2004
[26]

Most runs scored
Billy Hamilton
192
1894
[27]

Highest on-base percentage
Barry Bonds
.609
2004
[28]

Most stolen bases[a]
Hugh Nicol
Rickey Henderson
138
130
1887
1982
[29]

Highest slugging percentage
Barry Bonds
.863
2001
[30]

Highest OPS
Barry Bonds
1.422
2004
[31]

Most walks
Barry Bonds
232
2004
[32]

Most strikeouts
Mark Reynolds
223
2009

Most extra base hits
Babe Ruth
119
1921
[33]

Fastest pitch thrown
Aroldis Chapman
106 mph
2010

Most total bases
Babe Ruth
457
1921
[34]

Consecutive game hitting streak
Joe DiMaggio
56
1941

Most at-bats
Jimmy Rollins
716
2007
[35]

text: Pitching records (1876–present)[edit]

text: Career[edit]

text:
Record
Player
#

Most wins
Cy Young
511

Most losses
Cy Young
316

Lowest E.R.A.
Ed Walsh
1.82

Most no-hitters
Nolan Ryan
7

Most strikeouts
Nolan Ryan
5,714

Most shutouts
Walter Johnson
110

Most pickoffs
Steve Carlton
144

Most innings pitched
Cy Young
7,354⅔

Most hit batsmen
Gus Weyhing
278

Most home runs allowed
Jamie Moyer
522

Most complete games
Cy Young
749

Lowest WHIP
Addie Joss
.968

Most saves
Mariano Rivera
652

Highest win–loss percentage
Spud Chandler
71.7%

Most games
Jesse Orosco
1,252

Most consecutive scoreless innings pitched
Orel Hershiser
59[b]

text: Live-ball era (1920–present)[edit]

text: (if different from overall records)

text:
Record
Player
#

Most wins
Warren Spahn
363

Most losses
Nolan Ryan
292

Lowest earned-run average
Mariano Rivera
2.21

Most shutouts
Warren Spahn
63

Most innings pitched
Phil Niekro
5,404⅓

Most complete games
Warren Spahn
382

Lowest WHIP
Mariano Rivera
1.004

text: Single season[edit]

text:
Record
Player
#
Season

Most wins
Old Hoss Radbourn
59
1884

Most losses
John Coleman
48
1883

Lowest E.R.A.
Tim Keefe
0.86
1880

Most strikeouts
Matt Kilroy
513
1886

Most shutouts
George Bradley
Pete Alexander
16
1876
1916

Most innings pitched
Will White
680
1879

Most complete games
Will White
75
1879

Lowest WHIP
Pedro Martínez
.7373
2000

Most saves
Francisco Rodríguez
62
2008

Highest win/loss percentage
Roy Face
94.7%
1959

Most hits allowed
John Coleman
772
1883

Most earned runs allowed
John Coleman
291
1883

text: Live-ball era (1920–present)[edit]

text: (if different from all-time records)

text:
Record
Player
#
Season

Most wins
Jim Bagby, Sr.
Lefty Grove
Denny McLain
31
1920
1931
1968

Most losses
Paul Derringer
27
1933

Most strikeouts
Nolan Ryan
383
1973

Most shutouts
Bob Gibson
13
1968

Most innings pitched
Mickey Lolich
376
1971

Most complete games
Bob Feller
36
1946

Most hits allowed
George Uhle
378
1923

Most earned runs allowed
Bobo Newsom
186
1938

text: Hitting records: single game (1876–present)[edit]

text:
Most hits in a nine-inning game: 7 by Wilbert Robinson, June 10, 1892, and Rennie Stennett, September 16, 1975.
Most hits in an extra-inning game: 9, Johnny Burnett, July 10, 1932.[36]
Most total bases in a nine-inning game: 19 (4 home runs, a double and a single), Shawn Green, May 23, 2002.

text: Pitching records: single game (1876–present)[edit]

text:
Most home runs allowed: 7, Charlie Sweeney, June 12, 1886
Most strikeouts: 21, Tom Cheney, September 12, 1962 (16 innings)
Most strikeouts in a nine-inning game: 20 by Kerry Wood, Roger Clemens (twice), and Max Scherzer [c]
Most consecutive home runs allowed: 4 by Paul Foytack, July 31, 1963, Chase Wright, April 22, 2007, and Dave Bush, August 11, 2010
Oldest pitcher to win a game: Jamie Moyer, age 7004180480000000000♠49 years, 151 days, May 16, 2012

text: Catcher records: career[edit]

text:
Most runners caught stealing: 810, Gary Carter[38]
Most stolen bases allowed: 1,498, Gary Carter[39]
Most stolen-base attempts: 2,308, Gary Carter
Highest caught-stealing %: 57.40%, Roy Campanella[40]
Most pickoffs: 81, Iván Rodríguez[41]
Most games caught: 2,427, Iván Rodríguez

text: Most caught no hitters: 4, Jason Varitek, May 19, 2008 and Carlos Ruiz, July 25, 2015.

text: Note: Pre-1950 stolen-base data is incomplete; career leaders shown from 1950 to present.

text: Catcher records: single season[edit]

text:
Most runners caught stealing: Jody Davis, 89 (1986)[43]
Most stolen bases allowed: Mike Piazza, 155 (1996)[44]
Highest caught-stealing %: Mike LaValliere, 72.73% (1993)[45]
Most no-hitters caught: 2, Carlos Ruiz (2010) (List of Major League Baseball no-hitters)

text: Both of Ruiz's no-hitters were by Roy Halladay; the second was in Game 1 of the National League Division Series, Halladay's first career postseason start.

text: In 1914, Yankees catcher Les Nunamaker threw out three runners in the same inning.[46]

text: Other records[edit]

text:
Most World Series wins (as a manager): 7, Casey Stengel, Joe McCarthy
Most pennants won: 10, Casey Stengel, John McGraw
Most World Series appearances (as a manager): 10, Casey Stengel
Most World Series appearances (as a team): 40, New York Yankees
Most World Series titles (as a team): 27, New York Yankees
Most regular season wins (as a team): 116, Seattle Mariners, Chicago Cubs
Most MVP Awards won: 7, Barry Bonds
Most Grand Slams By a Pitcher in One Season: Tony Cloninger, Madison Bumgarner, 2
Most Consecutive Games Played: 2,632, Cal Ripken, Jr.


document_title: Social security in Australia

question_text: when did the age pension start in australia

question_tokens: when did the age pension start in australia

root

text: Social security in Australia

text: History[edit]

text: Prior to 1900 in Australia, charitable assistance from benevolent societies, sometimes with financial contributions from the authorities, was the primary means of relief for people not able to support themselves.[1] The 1890s economic depression and the rise of the trade unions and the Labor parties during this period led to a movement for welfare reform.[2]

tag: p

text: In 1900, the states of New South Wales and Victoria enacted legislation introducing non-contributory pensions for those aged 65 and over. Queensland legislated a similar system in 1907 before the Australian  labor Commonwealth government led by Andrew Fisher introduced a national aged pension under the Invalid and Old-Aged Pensions Act 1908. A national invalid diasbility pension was started in 1910, and a national maternity allowance was introduced in 1912.[1][3]

text: During the Second World War, Australia under a labor government created a welfare state by enacting national schemes for: child endowment in 1941 (superseding the 1927 New South Wales scheme); a widows’ pension in 1942 (superseding the New South Wales 1926 scheme); a wife’s allowance in 1943; additional allowances for the children of pensioners in 1943; and unemployment, sickness, and special benefits in 1945 (superseding the Queensland 1923 scheme).[1][3]

text: The Social Services Legislation Amendment (Welfare Reform) Bill 2017 has changed several aspects of social security in Australia, and has been given assent to as of 11 April 2018.[4]  It includes a demerit-point system for not meeting welfare obligations.[5]

text: Contemporary welfare attitudes[edit]

text: Current attitudes toward welfare in Australia can be separated into support for the welfare system and support for welfare recipients. A multivariate analysis using canonical correlation analysis identified five distinct profiles of welfare attitudes and socio-demographic characteristics.[6] The main attitude cluster was one toward support for the welfare system and welfare recipients. Having receiving government welfare in the past strongly predicted a person supporting the welfare system and its beneficiaries. The next most prominent attitude profile was summarized as 'the welfare system is good but the people on it are lazy and dependent'. This attitude profile was found among people receiving welfare payments that were either normative (e.g. the age pension) or where there is little expectation that a person will return to work (e.g. disability support pension). Overall, Australian's hold more negative attitudes toward welfare recipients than they do the welfare system. People with a history of receiving unemployment benefits tend to have more negative welfare attitudes if they live in areas where other community members have more negative attitudes.[7]

text: Legal framework[edit]

text: Social security payments and other benefits are currently made available under the following acts of parliament:

text:
Social Security Act 1991
A New Tax System (Family Assistance) Act 1999
Student Assistance Act 1973
Paid Parental Leave Act 2010

tag: ul

text: Payments under the Social Security Act and the Student Assistance Act[edit]

text:
ABSTUDY – offers a range of allowances to assist Indigenous students and New Apprentices.
Age Pension – for people planning for retirement or who are already retired aged 65 years and over.
Assistance for Isolated Children – for families with a child who cannot attend school locally because of distance or special needs.
Austudy Payment – for full-time students and New Apprentices aged 25 years or over.
Carer Allowance – for people who care for minors 16–17 and adults over 18 years with a disability.
Carer Allowance (Child) – for people who care for a child under 16 years with a disability.
Carer Payment – for people who provide full-time care for someone with a disability
Disability Support Pension – for people unable to work for 2 years due to illness, injury or disability.
Double Orphan Pension – for people who are raising children who have lost both parents.
Maternity Payment – for help with those extra costs after the birth of a new baby.
Newstart Allowance – for people who are looking for employment.
Parenting Payment – for parents or guardians to help with the cost of raising children under 6 for partnered parents and under 8 for sole parents.
Pensioner Education Supplement – for people on pensions with education expenses.
Special Benefit – for people who are in financial hardship, have no way of supporting themselves and are not entitled to another payment (normally due to residency requirements)
Youth Allowance – for full-time students or New Apprentices aged 15 (under some circumstances) 16 to 24 and people aged under 21 who are undertaking job search or a combination of approved activities.

text: Income support[edit]

text: All Centrelink income support payments are payable fortnightly, usually by direct deposit required into the recipient's bank account. They are also subject to a means test which calculates the recipient (and their partner's) fortnightly income and assets and affects the rate of their payment accordingly. As such, people on lower incomes may be entitled to part-payment of their allowance (subject to other qualification requirements). The assessment of income and assets varies greatly between different social security payments and the effect that income and assets have on each payment differs in that they have different income thresholds (i.e. how much income one can earn before it affects their payment) and different taper rates (the amount the payment drops by per dollar above these thresholds).

text: An individual may be precluded from claiming any of income support payments listed below for a certain number of weeks following receipt of a lump sum compensation payment, made wholly or partly in respect of lost earnings or lost capacity to earn resulting from personal injury[8] (often received in settlement of a Workers' Compensation claim). The number of weeks for which the preclusion period applies to an individual is proportional the size of the lump sum payment they received.[9] Centrelink has a discretion to reduce the duration of the preclusion period if it is satisfied that there exist special circumstances that make an individual's case out of the ordinary: for example, extreme financial hardship.[10]

text: Age Pension[edit]

text: The Age Pension was the first payment made by the Commonwealth Government, dating back to 1909.[citation needed] It is available to persons aged 65 years and over.[11] The eligibility age is currently being progressively increased to a cap of 67 years old.[12]  Except for the mandatory superannuation scheme, workers do not contribute to a pension or insurance scheme in Australia, unlike pension schemes in many other countries.[citation needed] Taxpayer-funded pensions are means tested.[11]

text: Newstart Allowance[edit]

text: Newstart Allowance is an unemployment benefit paid to unemployed people aged 22 to 64. To be eligible, a person must apply for the benefit and be actively seeking work. On 1 July 1991, it replaced the Unemployment Benefit (UB) which had been unchanged since 1945.[13] It was part of a government reform called Newstart - the Active Employment Strategy.[14]

text: It is paid on the basis of a 'mutual agreement' between the customer and Centrelink, where Centrelink will continue to pay fortnightly payments to the customer for so long as the customer attempts to find employment and fulfills the mutual obligation requirements. These mutual agreements are negotiated between Centrelink, the job seeker and their Job Services Australia provider or Disability Employment Services provider, and are recorded into an Employment Pathway Plan or "EPP". Activities to which a job seeker may have to agree, in order to continue receiving the Newstart Allowance, include applying for a specific number of jobs (usually ten) per fortnight and recording these applications in a Centrelink issued diary,[15] undertaking vocational education or training, paid work experience, participation in a labour market program or Work for the Dole project, and other activities, such as voluntary work if considered appropriate by Centrelink.[16] For example, more elderly customers who have been made redundant and are approaching the age pension age, and who may face considerable difficulties re-entering the labour market, are often permitted to fulfil their plan by engaging in voluntary activities alone. A job seeker has to nominate and engage in one activity (for example, either a vocational education activity or Work for the Dole activity) in any one mutual obligation period (lasting six months at a time).

text: Clients are not expected to engage in the more intensive of these activities as soon as their receipt of the allowance commences. The amount of activity required on behalf of the client in order to continue receiving his/her benefit is usually staggered as follows:

text:
Ordinarily, during the first three months of unemployment, a job seeker has no other obligations but to submit a fortnightly Application For Payment form at the local office. The form asks the applicant a number of questions about his /her circumstances and for the basic details of four positions for which the job seeker applied in the last fortnight. Customers may also be required to make up to 10 'Job Search Contacts' per fortnight (dependent on the local labour market and their personal circumstances) and record the details of these jobs within a specifically issued Job Seeker Diary for a given period of time. The job seeker then takes the Application For Payment form personally to the local Centrelink Office. He will then attend a short one-on-one interview with a Centrelink officer. The interview is usually for the purposes of checking that the application form is in order and that the applicant is aware of any appointments that may need to be attended, and obligations that may need to be met. The client at this stage also has the opportunity to talk to a Centrelink officer about any problems the client may be encountering without having to make a prior appointment first.
If after an initial three months of unemployment, during which the job seeker has only to hand in the fortnightly application form and record the Job Seeker Diary, the client remains unemployed; the client will be required to attend appointments with a Job Services Australia provider whose responsibility it is to assist the client to re-enter the work force. The job seeker also has to attend a two-week training course which focusses on job searching skills such as writing resumes and attending interviews.
If the customer remains unemployed for twelve months, they are then subject to the Work Experience Phase of their Employment Pathway Plan, which consists of more intensive assistance involving the activities listed above, such as, Work for the Dole, accredited study, part-time work, volunteer work or a combination of these. A Job Services Australia provider may require a Newstart recipient to do voluntary work (up to 15 hours a week), for which clients receive a supplement to their benefit of $20.80 per fortnight. The supplement is also paid to Work for the Dole participants.[17] They must also continue to apply for 4 or more positions at the same time to meet their mutual obligations.
If the client becomes long-term unemployed (24 months or longer), the client's activity requirements will usually consist of another Work Experience Phase style activity for six months in any twelve-month period. (Australia's unemployment benefits do not have a time limit: it is, in theory, possible to remain on unemployment benefits for the whole of one's working life).

text: Newstart Allowance rates are adjusted on 20 March and 20 September each year. As of September 2013, the basic Newstart rate for a single unemployed person without children is A$501 per fortnight. However, this basic rate does not include supplement payments which can include Rent Assistance of up to A$121.00 per fortnight, and other supplements, such as Pharmaceutical Allowance, Telephone Allowance, Remote Area Allowance, Training Supplement and the Work For The Dole Supplement; which are paid depending on personal circumstances and activity.[18] Rates differ for married couples, registered relationships or de facto couples (including same sex or opposite sex couples) and persons with children.  Despite significant increases in the cost of living, the increases to the Newstart Allowance have not kept pace with inflation. The initial income threshold has only risen from 1987's $60 to $62 in 2000 where it remains today.

text: On 1 March 2010, the Australian Government introduced changes to Disability Employment Services. Multiple existing programs were streamlined into two clearly distinct programs, making assessment and referral processes less complex.

text: All eligible job seekers with disability have access to individually tailored services which meet their needs including capacity building, training, work experience and other 'interventions' to help participants obtain and maintain suitable employment. DES providers support and manage a participant's condition in the workplace, along with providing ongoing support in the workplace for as long as it is required.

text: New compliance rules were introduced on 1 July 2011, dealing with client meetings with a DES provider and payment suspension. Data released in mid-November 2013 showed that the number of welfare recipients had grown by 55%. In 2007 228,621 Newstart Allowance recipients were registered, a total that increased to 646,414 in March 2013.[19]

text: Patrick McClure has as of January 2014 been appointed by the Abbott Government to a review targeting benefits on people in receipt of Newstart Allowance and the Disability Support Pension reporting in February 2014.[20]

text: In the 2016 Australian federal budget, the Turnbull Government planned to cease the clean energy supplement of $4.40 for people beginning Newstart after 20 September.[21]

text: In 2017, the Australian Council of Social Service stated that the Newstart Allowance was $160 below the poverty line.[22] The Business Council of Australia also advocates for increasing the Newstart Allowance, saying that it is impossible to live on.[23] In March 2018, Newstart was raised by 50 cents per day, which was criticised as inadequate.[24] After handing down the 2018 Australian federal budget, Treasurer Scott Morrison rejected calls to increase the rate of the Newstart Allowance, saying "my priority is to give tax relief to people who are working and paying taxes".[25] Newstart has not been increased since 1994,[26][27] when it was increased by $2.95 per week.[24]

text: The Anti Poverty Network of South Australia in 2018 with the Newstart Choir recorded a revised version of the It's Time song used by the Australian Labor Party in 1972 to win the election after 23 years of Conservative Government. The song is a campaign to the Australian Labor Party to commit if elected at the next federal election to raising Newstart.[28]

text: Youth Allowance[edit]

text: Youth Allowance is an income support payment available to full-time students and Australian Apprentices aged 16–24, and to job seekers and those undertaking a combination of other activities leading to employment aged 16–20.

text: Youth Allowance recipients are considered to either be dependent on a caregiver(s), or independent. The underlying philosophy of Youth Allowance is that legal guardians are responsible for supporting their children where they have the means if that young person has not lived independently from them.

text: Dependent recipients are subject to the Parental Income Test[29] and Family Assets Test, unless a parent is in receipt of a specified income support payment themselves. A dependent Youth Allowance recipients may be exempt from the Parental Income Test if their parent is in receipt of an income support payment themselves. A dependent recipient's rate of payment will be reduced as a result of parental income above the parental income free area, although the parental income free area can be increased by sibling concessions.

text: Dependent Youth Allowance recipients may also be subject to the Family Actual Means Test (FAMT)[30] which applies where the parent is self-employed, involved in a trust or company or several other categories. The rationale behind the FAMT is that the taxable income on which Youth Allowance is normally based may not accurately reflect the true financial means of parents in these categories. It asks for details of the family's spending on living expenses during the relevant tax year and extrapolates an equivalent notional taxable income from this. Sole traders involved in primary production and parents receiving drought assistance such as Exceptional Circumstances Relief Payment are exempt.

text: All Youth Allowance recipients are subject to the Personal Income Test, which takes into account any income they may earn through part-time or casual work. If an independent Youth Allowance customer has a partner, then their income will be included under the Partner Income Test.

text: Youth Allowance has lower payment rates for recipients who live with a parent or guardian compared to those who live away from home. Recipients living 'away from home' may also be eligible for Rent Assistance.

text: Fifteen-year-olds can also receive Youth Allowance if they are defined as independent and are over the school leaving age in the state of residence. The school leaving age is 17 in all states and territories of Australia.

text: Youth Allowance was introduced from July 1998 and replaced Youth Training Allowance and Newstart Allowance for job seekers under 21 and AUSTUDY for students under 25.

text: In 2009 a number of significant changes to Youth Allowance were announced in the Federal Budget. Some of the proposed changes included introducing new scholarships for university students, and changes to the independence criteria and Parental Income Test. These changes were passed by Parliament on 17 March 2010. The changes will be implemented over a number of years, beginning with the introduction of new scholarships from 1 April 2010.[31]

text: In the 2011–12 Budget, the Australian Government announced that from 1 July 2012, Youth Allowance (other) will be extended to 21-year-olds (currently 21-year-olds are eligible for Newstart Allowance). Twenty-one-year-olds who are on Newstart Allowance, or who have applied for it, by 1 July 2012 will not be affected by the change.[32]

text: Austudy Payment[edit]

text: The Austudy Payment was originally known as the AUSTUDY Scheme, an all-ages study allowance, but since the introduction of Youth Allowance (see above) it has been reserved for the over-25s. To qualify, one must be an Australian resident, over 25, and studying full-time at an approved education institution. However, students who were receiving a Youth Allowance prior to turning 25 and are still pursuing the same course of study continue to receive a Youth Allowance until they finish (or otherwise terminate) their course.

text: Unlike Youth Allowance, Austudy recipients are considered to be independent and are not subject to the Parental Income Test, Family Assets Test and the Family Actual Means Test. As part of the 2007 Australian federal budget, Austudy Payment recipients are eligible for Rent Assistance from 1 January 2008. Prior to 1 January 2008, Rent Assistance was not payable with Austudy. Like most Centrelink payments, Austudy Payments are subject to a personal and/or partner income and assets test.

text: ABSTUDY[edit]

text: ABSTUDY (The Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Study Assistance Scheme) is a welfare payment for Indigenous Australians undergoing some form of study. All Indigenous students at secondary or tertiary institutions, as well as those studying by correspondence, and primary students who turned 14 prior to 1 January of their current year of study. To qualify as Indigenous, a student must be of Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander descent by Centrelink standards and be a current Australian citizen. ABSTUDY is tailored according to income tests, and the status of partners, guardians, and dependent children.

text: Whilst this payment is administered through Centrelink, the payment is made under ABSTUDY Policy. The responsibility for ABSTUDY Policy rests with the Minister of Education and the Department of Education, Employment and Workplace Relations, and is not contained within the Social Security Act 1991.

text: Disability Support Pension[edit]

text: Provides income support for people who suffer a long-term disability, which in the opinion of an assessor they will not recover from in the next two years, and which will render them unable to work or participate in a training activity enabling them to work. The basic rate for a single person is A$782.20 (as at March 2015); different rates apply to persons under 18 with no children, and to couples, married, de facto or in a same-sex relationship. The payment is income and assets-tested. However, if an applicant is permanently blind, they can receive DSP without income and assets tests, and without needing to prove any inability to work, etc. DSP can take a while to process, so as a temporary measure claimants are placed on another payment (e.g. Newstart with a medical certificate to cover the activity tests) while the payment is being assessed; once granted it is backdated to the claim date at the higher DSP rate.

text: Patrick McClure has of January 2014 been appointed by the Abbott Government to a review targeting benefits on people in receipt of Newstart Allowance and the Disability Support Pension reporting in February 2014.[20]  Eligibility criteria for the DSP has been made more strict, and unsuccessful claimants can only receive the Newstart Allowance, which pays $170 less per week.  According to ACOSS, between 2010 and 2016 there was a large drop in successful claims to the DSP.[33]

text: Sickness Allowance[edit]

text: A Sickness Allowance is paid for those currently suffering an illness, injury, or disability (short-term i.e. less than two years), are employed, and have no access to leave or have used all their leave. It is paid under the Newstart system without an Activity Test.

text: Carer Payment[edit]

text: A Carer Payment is made to those providing full-time care to someone who is ill, injured or has a disability.

text: Parenting Payment[edit]

text: A payment for those who are principal carers of dependent children under the age of 6 for partnered customers and children under the age of 8 for single customers.  Parenting Payment Partnered is classified as an allowance and Parenting Payment Single is classified as a pension.

text: A controversial decision by the Labor party in 2006 and 2013, to transfer sole parents to the lower Newstart payment, has placed sole parents well below the poverty line.  Welfare groups have reported these parents, 82.3% of which are women (ABS 2011), are turning to prostitution (because of the cash in hand options), have given up their education and are sleeping in their cars.[citation needed] This decision was made as an incentive for parents to seek work, as 57% of primary residential mothers work and 70% of primary residential fathers work (ABS 2011). With one quarter of single parent households headed by a single parent being 896,542 families (17.7% male & 82.3% female, ABS 2011)

text: Parenting Payment Partnered uses an individual and a partner income test to determine the rate of payment with benefit withdrawal rates of 60 cents in the dollar (as of 1 July 2007) on income over the legislated limits. A partner's gross earnings are assessed as shared, regardless of individual tax already paid. If, for example, the breadwinner is currently paying 30 per cent personal tax, the effective marginal tax rate (EMTR) after benefit withdrawal is 90 percent of earnings above the legislated limit (the EMTR prior to 1 July 2007 is 100% as the benefit withdrawal rate is 70% of the partner's earnings above the legislated income limit).

text: Additional and supplementary payments[edit]

text: Rent Assistance[edit]

text: Income support recipients who are classed as non-homeowners and pay more than a required amount of board or rent for accommodation are eligible for Rent Assistance payments. This payment is paid as part of the income support payment. Verification of the rent details is required, either a lease or by completing a Rent Certificate every six months. The amount of rent assistance a recipient is eligible for depends on the amount of rent one is paying. The basic rate for a single person with no children and not sharing accommodation is as follows. As at 28 January 2010, Rent Assistance begins to be paid when a renter's fortnightly rent is in excess of A$99.40. For every dollar in excess of this amount, Rent Assistance pays A$0.75, up to a maximum of A$111.80 per fortnight. The maximum amount payable is lower for those sharing accommodation, in which case it is A$74.53. Different rates apply to couples, couples separated by illness, couples temporarily separated and singles and couples with dependent children.[34]

text: Pharmaceutical Allowance[edit]

text: A payment of A$6.00 per fortnight for those receiving Centrelink payments, to help cover the cost of prescription medicines. The amount covers the cost of one prescription per fortnight for a concession card holder eligible for the concessional rate of medicines (A$5.90 per script from 1 January 2013)[35] which are covered under the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme, which covers most prescription medicines available.[36]

text: Telephone Allowance[edit]

text: A payment issued quarterly to eligible customers receiving pension payments, to help cover the cost of telephone bills. Eligible customers must have a telephone service subscribed in their name to be eligible for Telephone Allowance. There are two rates payable: a basic rate of A$23.40 and a higher rate of A$35.20.[37]

text: Pensioner Education Supplement[edit]

text: "The Pensioner Education Supplement (PES) helps [recipients] with the costs of full-time or part-time study."[38] It is an additional payment for those on a pension. It only applies to approved courses of study. Bachelor's degrees and many TAFE courses are approved courses of study, but generally postgraduate study is not. One is still eligible for PES for study even if you have completed previous studies.

text: Payments made under the A New Tax System (Family Assistance) Act[edit]

text:
Family Tax Benefit Part A – for parents or carers to help with the cost of raising children.
Family Tax Benefit Part B – for single income families or sole parents.
Maternity Immunisation Allowance – for fully immunised children or those exempt from immunisation
Child Care Benefit – for families to help with the cost of child care.
Schoolkids Bonus - for families for the cost of education for children in primary and secondary school.

text: Family Tax benefit[edit]

text: Family Tax Benefit is a per-child payment made through the Department of Human Services to the people with at least 35 per cent of care for a child. Family Tax Benefit is income-tested on a family's adjusted taxable income in the given financial year. Income support recipients are exempt from the income test and are entitled to the maximum rate of payment.

text: Payments can be paid in fortnightly instalments or as a lump sum payment at the end of the year. For Family Tax Benefit paid in instalments, the income test is based on an estimate of adjusted taxable income that is reconciled after the recipient has lodged their tax return. The reconciliation process compares the estimated income with their actual income.

text:
Centrelink debt is accrued for overpayments, when customers underestimate their income.
A top-up payment is granted at the end of the year, when customers overestimate their income which can be used to repay outstanding Centrelink debt.[39]

text: Family Tax benefit Part B is paid based on the lower of the recipient and their partner's income, or, for a single parent at the maximum rate.

text: Maternity Immunisation Allowance[edit]

text: Maternity Immunisation Allowance is paid to parents whose children who have received all immunisations specified by the national immunisation schedule by the time they are 2 years old. Alternatively, if the parents object to immunisation on any grounds and inform Centrelink of this, they may also receive this allowance. The allowance ceased on 1 July 2012.[40]

text: Child Care Benefit[edit]

text: Child Care Benefit assists Australian parents with the cost of approved and registered child care. It is a means tested payment and is based on the recipient's taxable income; low income families receive the highest rate of Child Care Benefit.

text: The Australian Government spent approximately $2.1 billion on Child Care Benefit to assist families with the cost of child care in the financial year ending 30 June 2011.[41]

text: Schoolkids Bonus[edit]

text: In May 2012, the Australian Government abolished the Education Tax Refund (ETR) that allowed families to claim a refund for education expenses through the Australian Tax Office (ATO). The Schoolkids Bonus replaced the ETR from 1 January 2013. The Schoolkids Bonus aimed to assist families and students with the costs of education for children in primary and secondary school. The School Kids Bonus is paid in 2 equal instalments each year in January and July.[42]

text: Paid Parental Leave Scheme[edit]

text: The Paid Parental Leave Scheme provides financial support to eligible working parents of newborn or recently adopted children. Under the scheme, the government funds employers to provide Parental Leave Pay or Dad and Partner Pay to their eligible employees.[43]

text: Parental Leave Pay is paid to the child's primary carer and eligible parents for up to 18 weeks of pay based on the rate of National Minimum Wage. Dad and Partner Pay is for eligible working dads or partners (including adopting parents and same-sex couples) for up to two weeks of pay based on the rate of National Minimum Wage.[43]

text: Concession cards[edit]

text: The following concession cards are issued by Centrelink:

text:
Health Care Card – primarily entitles holder to PBS medications at the concession rate. Most recipients of a payment are entitled to this as well as people receiving the maximum rate of Family Tax Benefit part A. This card has secondary benefits, including cheaper public transport in some states.
Commonwealth Seniors Health Card- a HCC issued to senior citizens
Pensioner Concession Card – this offers additional benefits to the Pensioner, including pensioner transportation fares (in some areas), and a certain number of free country rail journeys within the holder's state.

text: Prisons and psychiatric hospitals[edit]

text: Persons imprisoned or admitted to a psychiatric institution are generally not eligible to receive benefits for the duration of imprisonment or admission. (However, it may be payable if a psychiatric stay is classed as rehabilitation.) The benefits resume upon release or discharge. However, upon release or discharge from imprisonment or psychiatric hospitalisation of more than two weeks, the claimant is entitled to an additional payment equal to seven days of their regular payment, to help with adjustment.

text: Review of social security decisions[edit]

text: Every decision made under social security law is to be in writing and given sufficient notice, usually in a letter.[44] Applications for review of such decisions may be lodged at any time, but depending on the decision remedial action may only be taken if the review is received within 13 weeks of receiving notice, for decisions made under the Social Security act, or 52 weeks for decisions made under Family assistance law. At the bottom of each letter informing customers of a Centrelink decision, a "your rights" box informs individuals of potential avenues for review.

text: Internal review[edit]

text: Legislation ultimately governs the decision making process, and Centrelink policy guidelines provide the lens through which legislation is interpreted by Centrelink Customer Service Advisers (CSAs). However, notwithstanding legislation and policy, there are still many areas in which significant discretion is afforded to the decision maker, which may be subject to internal and external review.

text: Original decision maker (ODM) review[edit]

text: Centrelink possesses a prescribed two-tiered system of internal review. The initial stage is the ODM Review, where the matter is brought back to the CSA for reconsideration.[45] This is a wholly intra-office process and functions as an initial check on the decision, and the appeal progresses further from the ODM only if necessary. Many reviews are due to legislative changes, administrative errors, provision of new customer documentation, or customer disagreement with the decision. There is also the opportunity for the customer to make a formal written complaint. However, many individuals may not wish to have the same CSA make another decision, which may even lead to confusion as to whether internal review has actually taken place.

text: Once the ODM review has been completed it should contain the relevant legislative provisions, any new information considered, and a determination stating whether the original decision has been set aside, affirmed or varied.

text: Authorised review officer (ARO) review[edit]

text: If the individual is not satisfied, an Authorised Review Officer (ARO), an officer delegated review powers from the Secretary for the purposes of social security law, may affirm, vary, or set aside the original decision.[46] Although an employee of the Centrelink, an ARO is not to defend ODM decisions as it is a strong principle that the ARO is independent of the situation and has no previous involvement in the case. Nevertheless, AROs also look at legislation with the same policy guidelines as CSAs.

text: External review[edit]

text: The Social Security Appeals Tribunal – SSAT[edit]

text: A customer dissatisfied with an internal review of a decision may apply to the Social Security Appeals Tribunal (SSAT) [47] to review a decision affirmed, varied or set aside by internal review,  subject to some exceptions. The SSAT generally has the same powers as the Secretary, and may affirm, vary, set aside and substitute a decision or return the matter to Centrelink with recommendations. SSAT hearings are generally informal, confidential and not bound by  the Laws of Evidence.

text: Experience has indicated that at the SSAT more weighting goes towards the legislation as opposed to policy guidelines[citation needed]. Welfare advocacy groups such as the Welfare Rights Centre are often involved in providing legal help to individuals affected by Centrelink decisions.

text: As of 1 July 2015, the SSAT is no longer is a separate tribunal. Alongside the Migration Review Tribunal and the Refugee Review Tribunal, the SSAT has instead merged with the Administrative Appeals Tribunal (AAT).[48] Decisions deemed reviewable by the ARO are now heard in the Social Services and Child Support Division of the AAT. The primary functions of the SSAT as the first tier of the review process have been converted and are now known as the 'AAT first review'.[49] Therefore, the traditional two-tier review process has morphed in light of the amalgamation but it has nevertheless been preserved within the AAT.

text: The AAT and the Courts[edit]

text: A decision must have been reviewed by the SSAT before it can be heard at the AAT. However, the Secretary or a delegated person on behalf of the Secretary may appeal a decision from the SSAT. Only 17% of decisions are overturned at the AAT. Further appeals (on questions of law only) are available to the Federal Court and High Court.

text: The Ombudsman[edit]

text: The Commonwealth Ombudsman does not conduct a merits review (as would the ARO, SSAT or AAT), but considers the administrative decision making process employed by Centrelink to reach the decision or carry out the action complained of.

text: Where the Ombudsman concludes that there has been a deficiency in Centrelink's action (for examples[50]) the Ombudsman may make recommendations to Centrelink for remedial action. This may result in Centrelink changing their decision, or providing a better explanation of their decision.

text: Investigations by the Ombudsman are usually result from a complaint about a decision or action of Centrelink, and in the process of an investigation the Ombudsman is entitled to view Centrelink records and ask questions of Centrelink staff. While the Ombudsman does not have coercive powers to make Centrelink change a decision or act in a certain way, recommendations made by the Ombudsman are rarely rejected.


document_title: List of best-selling music artists

question_text: who's the best selling music artist of all time

question_tokens: who 's the best selling music artist of all time

text: List of best-selling music artists

text: Definitions

text: All artists included on this list, which have begun charting on official albums or singles charts have their available claimed figures supported by at least 20% in certified units. That is why Cliff Richard, Diana Ross, Scorpions, Charles Aznavour, Bing Crosby, Gloria Estefan, Deep Purple, Iron Maiden, Tom Jones, The Jackson 5, Dionne Warwick, the Spice Girls, Luciano Pavarotti, Dolly Parton, Ozzy Osbourne, Andrea Bocelli and others have not been included on this list. The more recent the artist, the higher the required percentage of certified units, so artists such as Rihanna, Taylor Swift, Flo Rida, Katy Perry, Justin Bieber, Adele, Lady Gaga, Bruno Mars and Nicki Minaj are expected to have their claimed figures supported by over 75% in certified units. The certified units are sourced from available online databases of local music industry associations. All certified units are converted from Gold/Platinum/Diamond certification awards based on criteria provided by certifying bodies. The certified sales percentage varies according to the first year that an artist appeared in the charts.[a]

text: The requirements of certified sales are designed to avoid inflated sales figures, which are frequently practiced by record companies for promotional purposes.[1][2] The claimed figures are referenced from online articles created by highly reliable sources. For clarity, the sources used, say the term "records" (singles, albums, videos) and not "albums". However, if all available sources for an artist or band say "albums", such sources are only used if the certified album units of the said artist meet the required percentage amount. This list uses claimed figures that are closest to artists' available certified units: inflated claimed figures that meet the required certified units amount but are unrealistically high, are not used.

text: The claimed figures are upgraded only when there is a significant progress in artists' certified sales. In other words, the available certified sales for each artist should get relatively closer to already listed claimed figure in order for higher figures to replace the listed ones.

text: The certified sales of the newer artists may sometimes be higher than their listed claimed figures. This is because Recording Industry Association of America and almost all other certifying bodies count streaming towards Gold and Platinum thresholds required for Digital Single Award certification.[3][4][5] For this reason, some singles and even albums get over certified by hundreds of thousands of units. The over certified figures, however, are often in millions of units for RIAA certifications, one such example is Rihanna's single "We Found Love", which is certified at nine times Platinum by the RIAA, yet during the time of the certification, it had sold 5.4 million downloads.[6][7]

text: The certified sales for some artists/bands who have multi-disc albums can be higher than their listed claimed figures due to Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) counting each unit within set as one unit toward certification.

text: Artists by reputed sales

text: 250 million or more records

text:
The Beatles

Elvis Presley

Michael Jackson

Madonna

Elton John

Led Zeppelin

Pink Floyd

text:
To ensure the highest level of fact checking and editorial control, this list sources sales figures to news organizations and highly regarded music industry related organizations such as MTV, VH1, Billboard and Rolling Stone.
The figures of total certified units within the table below are based on certified units of albums, singles (including digital downloads) and videos.
Markets' order within the table is based on Retail Value: each market generates respectively, the largest market at the top and smallest at the bottom.[8][9]

text:
Artist
Country / Market
Period active
Release year of first charted record
Genre
Total certified units
(from available markets)[b]
Claimed sales

The Beatles
United Kingdom
1960–1970[10]
1962[10]
Rock / Pop[10]
7002271100000000000♠

Total available certified units: 271.1 million [show]

US: 212.250 million[11]
JPN: 4.950 million[b][12]
UK: 18.045 million[b][13]
GER: 8 million[b][14]
FRA: 3.890 million[b][15][16]
CAN: 14.455 million[b][17]
AUS: 3.060 million[b][18][19]
ITA: 355,000[b][20]
BRA: 550,000[b][21]
SWE 485,000[b][22]
SPA: 1.250 million[b][23][24]
SWI: 350,000[b][25]
BEL: 265,000[b][26][27]
ARG: 1.606 million[b][28][29]
DEN: 260,000[b][30][31]
AUT: 500,000[b][32]
POL: 175,000[b][33]
NZ: 660,000[b][34][35]

600 million[36][37]
500 million[38]

Elvis Presley
United States
1954–1977[39]
1954[39]
Rock and roll / Pop / Country[39]
7002212200000000000♠

Total available certified units: 212.2 million [show]

US: 188.650 million[11]
JPN: 300,000[b][12]
UK: 12.905 million[b][13]
GER: 1.2 million[b][14]
FRA: 2.590 million[b][15][16]
CAN: 2.925 million[b][17]
AUS: 1.587 million[b][18]
ITA: 105,000[b][20]
BRA: 125,000[b][21]
SWE 380,000[b][22]
SPA: 300,000[b][23][40][41]
MEX: 105,000[b][42][43]
SWI: 185,000[b][25]
BEL: 115,000[b][26][27]
ARG: 110,000[b][28]
DEN: 120,000[b][44][45][46]
AUT: 205,000[b][32]
FIN: 213,945[b][47]
NZ: 117,500[b][34][35]

600 million[48][49]
500 million[50]

Michael Jackson
United States
1964–2009[51]
1971[51]
Pop / Rock / Dance / Soul / R&B[51]
7002184600000000000♠

Total available certified units: 184.6 million [show]

US: 104.5 million[11]
JPN: 4.650 million[b][12][52]
UK: 27.545 million[13]
GER: 11.275 million[14]
FRA: 11.375 million[15][16][53]
CAN: 4.670 million[17]
AUS: 6.670 million[b][18][19][54][55][56]
ITA: 1.170 million[b][20]
BRA: 280,000[b][21]
SWE: 1.230 million[b][22][57]
SPA: 1.995 million[b][23][24][40][41][58]
MEX: 3.670 million[b][42]
SWI: 910,000[b][25]
BEL: 365,000[b][26][27]
ARG: 124,000[b][28][29]
DEN: 1.224 million[b][59][60][61]
AUT: 1.197 million[b][32]
POL: 530,000[b][33]
FIN: 384,127[47]
NZ: 902,500[34][35]

350 million[62][63]
300 million[64][65]

Madonna
United States
1979–present[66]
1982[66]
Pop / Dance / Electronica[66]
7002170600000000000♠

Total available certified units: 170.6 million [show]

US: 85.675 million[11]
JPN: 6.450 million [b][12][52]
UK: 28.845 million[13]
GER: 12.4 million[14]
FRA: 12.795 million[15][16][53]
CAN: 6.030 million[17]
AUS: 4.717 million[b][18][67][68]
ITA: 465,000[b][20]
BRA: 3.440 million[b][21]
SWE: 1.070 million[b][22][57]
SPA: 2.815 million[23][24][40][41][58]
MEX: 510,000[b][42]
SWI: 1.080 million[b][25]
BEL: 690,000[b][26][27]
ARG: 1.098[28][29]
DEN: 407,000[b][59][60][69][70][71][72]
AUT: 602,500[b][32]
POL: 530,000[b][33]
FIN: 652,686[47]
NZ: 417,500[34][35]

300 million[73][74]
275 million[75]

Elton John
United Kingdom
1964–present[76]
1969[76]
Pop / Rock[76]
7002169000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 169 million [show]

US: 117.850 million[11]
JPN: 1.1 million [b][12]
UK: 22.395 million[b][13]
GER: 7.9 million[b][14]
FRA: 4.825 million[b][15][16][53]
CAN: 5.975 million[b][17]
AUS: 2.837 million[b][18]
BRA: 835,000[b][21]
SWE: 740,000[b][22]
SPA: 1.2 million[b][23][24][41][58]
MEX: 100,000[b][42]
SWI: 1.313 million[b][25]
BEL: 390,000[b][26][27]
ARG: 128,000[28][29]
DEN: 150,000[b][45][60][77]
AUT: 765,000[b][32]
POL: 150,000[b][33]
FIN: 163,481[47]
NZ: 255,000[b][34][35]

300 million[78][79]
250 million[80][81]

Led Zeppelin
United Kingdom
1968–1980[82]
1969[82]
Hard rock / Blues rock / Folk rock[82]
7002139690000099999♠

Total available certified units: 139.7 million [show]

US: 114.1 million[11]
JPN: 400,000 [b][12]
UK: 9.330 million[b][13]
GER: 3.775 million[b][14]
FRA: 2.310 million[b][15][16][83]
CAN: 4.710 million[17]
AUS: 2.8 million[b][18][84][85]
ITA: 345,000[b][20]
BRA: 820,000[b][21]
SPA: 450,000[b][24][41][58]
SWI: 211,000[b][25]
ARG: 360,000[b][28]
POL: 120,000[b][33]

300 million[86][87]
200 million[88][89]

Pink Floyd
United Kingdom
1965–1996, 2014[90][91]
1967[90]
Progressive rock / Psychedelic rock[90]
7002118900000000000♠

Total available certified units: 118.9 million [show]

US: 78 million[11]
JPN: 100,000[b][92]
UK: 11.320 million[b][13]
GER: 7.5 million[b][14]
FRA: 6.360 million[b][15][16][53]
CAN: 6.790 million[b][17]
AUS: 2.932 million[b][18][19]
ITA: 1.685 million[b][20]
BRA: 540,000[b][21]
SWE: 220,000[b][22][57]
SPA: 625,000[b][23][24][40][58]
SWI: 390,000[b][25]
BEL: 115,000[b][26][27]
ARG: 582,000[b][28][29]
AUT: 460,000[b][32]
POL: 590,000[b][33]
NZ: 787,500[b][34][35]

250 million[93][94]
200 million[95][96]

tag: table

text: The column for certified sales above includes markets, the databases of which contain certifications representing figures of 100,000 and more.

text: 200 million to 249 million records

text:
Rihanna

Mariah Carey

Celine Dion

Queen

Whitney Houston

AC/DC

The Rolling Stones

text:
To ensure the highest level of fact checking and editorial control, this list sources sales figures to news organizations and highly regarded music industry related organizations such as MTV, VH1, Billboard and Rolling Stone.
The figures of total certified units within the table below are based on certified units of albums, singles (including digital downloads) and videos.
Markets' order within the table is based on Retail Value each market generates respectively, the largest market at the top and the smallest at the bottom.[8][9]

text:
Artist
Country / Market
Period active
Release-year of first charted record
Genre
Total certified units
(from available markets)[b]
Claimed sales

Rihanna
Barbados
United States
2005–present[97]
2005[97]
R&B / Pop / Dance / Hip-hop[97]
7002228900000000000♠

Total available certified units: 228.9 million [show]

US: 168.55 million[11]
JPN: 1.4 million[12][52]
UK: 30.3 million[13]
GER: 4.675 million[14]
FRA: 1.525 million[16]
CAN: 2.840 million[17]
AUS: 9.220 million[18]
ITA: 1.450 million[b][20]
BRA: 555,000[21]
SWE: 2.480 million[22][57]
SPA: 1.450 million[23]
MEX: 410,000[42][98]
SWI: 840,000[25]
BEL: 660,000[27]
DEN: 1.117[59][60][61][69][77][99][100][101]
AUT: 135,000[32]
POL: 500,000[33]
IRE: 240,000[102]
NZ: 667,500[34][35]

230 million[103][104]

Mariah Carey
United States
1988–present[105]
1990[105]
R&B / Pop / Soul / Hip-hop[105]
7002136900000000000♠

Total available certified units: 136.9 million [show]

US: 92.6 million[11]
JPN: 14.5 million [b][12][52][106]
UK: 10.020 million[13]
GER: 3.750 million[14]
FRA: 4.690 million[15][16][53]
CAN: 4.1 million[17]
AUS: 3.515 million[b][18][107]
ITA: 200,000[b][20]
BRA: 835,000[21]
SWE: 425,000[22]
SPA: 1 million[23][24][41][58]
SWI: 515,000[25]
BEL: 150,000[b][26][27]
DEN: 130,000[61][108]
AUT: 200,000[32]
POL: 100,000[b][33]
NZ: 240,000[b][34]

200 million[109][110]
175 million[111][112]

Celine Dion
Canada
1981–present[113]
1981[113]
Pop[113]
7002125000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 125 million [show]

US: 56.550 million[11]
JPN: 7.150 million[b][12][114][115]
UK: 13.555 million[13]
GER: 8 million[14]
FRA: 15.685 million[15][16][53][83]
CAN: 12.245 million[17]
AUS: 3.302 million[b][18][19]
BRA: 505,000[b][21]
SWE: 1.105 million[b][22]
SPA: 1 million[41][58]
SWI: 1.685 million[b][25]
BEL: 1.885 million[b][26][27]
ARG: 340,000[28]
DEN: 370,000[b][45][116][117][118]
AUT: 440,000[b][32]
POL: 680,000[b][33]
FIN: 356,183[47]
NZ: 192,500[34][35]

200 million[119][120]
175 million[121][122]

Queen
United Kingdom
1971–present[123]
1973[123]
Rock[123]
7002120900000000000♠

Total available certified units: 120.9 million [show]

US: 61 million[11]
JPN: 2.850 million[b][12][52][124]
UK: 28.815 million[b][13]
GER: 11.525 million[b][14]
FRA: 4.495 million[b][15][16][53]
CAN: 1.870 million[b][17]
AUS: 2.167 million[b][18][19]
ITA: 505,000[b][20]
BRA: 970,000[b][21]
SWE: 190,000[b][22]
SPA: 1.720 million[b][23][24][40][41]
SWI: 1.256 million[b][25]
BEL: 100,000[b][26][27]
DEN: 115,000[61]
ARG: 1.080 million[b][28][29]
AUT: 900,000[b][32]
POL: 810,000[b][33]
FIN: 366,152[47]
NZ: 275,000[b][34][35]

200 million[125][126]
170 million[127]

Whitney Houston
United States
1977–2012[128]
1984[128]
R&B / Soul / Pop[128]
7002113600000000000♠

Total available certified units: 113.6 million [show]

US: 76.275 million[11]
JPN: 4.3 million[b][12][129]
UK: 14.605 million[13]
GER: 5.6 million[b][14]
FRA: 2.275 million[15][16][53]
CAN: 3.430 million[17]
AUS: 1.580 million[b][18][19][130]
ITA: 140,000[b][20]
BRA: 1.025[b][21]
SWE: 1.035 million[b][22]
SPA: 1.260 million[23][24][40][41]
SWI: 845,000[b][25]
BEL: 215,000[b][26][27]
DEN: 140,000[60][61]
AUT: 535,000[b][32]
POL: 180,000[b][33]
FIN: 247,222[47]

200 million[131][132]
170 million[133][134]

AC/DC
Australia
1973–present[135]
1975[135]
Hard rock / Blues rock / Rock and roll[135]
7002113500000000000♠

Total available certified units: 113.5 million [show]

US: 79.7 million[11]
UK: 4.4 million[13]
GER: 10.3 million[b][14]
FRA: 4.180 million[15][16]
CAN: 2.490 million[b][17]
AUS: 7.470 million[b][18]
ITA: 750,000[b][20]
SWE: 350,000[b][22][57]
SPA: 1.355 million[b][23][24][40][41][58]
SWI: 894,000[b][25]
BEL: 100,000[b][27]
ARG: 594,000[b][28][29]
DEN: 135,000[60][61][136]
AUT: 380,000[b][32]
FIN: 321,169[47]
NZ: 140,000[b][34][35]

200 million[137][138]
150 million[139][140]

The Rolling Stones
United Kingdom
1962–present[141]
1963[141]
Rock / Blues rock [141]
7001972000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 97.2 million [show]

US: 74.750 million[11]
JPN: 950,000[b][12]
UK: 8.510 million[b][13]
GER: 3.2 million[b][14]
FRA: 3.370 million[b][15][16][53]
AUS: 417,500[b][18]
CAN: 3.025 million[b][17]
ITA: 180,000[b][20]
BRA: 100,000[b][21]
SWE: 310,000[b][22]
SPA: 690,000[b][23][24][40][41][58]
SWI: 238,000[b][25]
BEL: 120,000[b][26][27]
ARG: 718,000[b][28][29]
AUT: 300,000[b][32]
POL: 140,000[b][33]
NZ: 190,000[b][34][35]

200 million[142][143]

ABBA
Sweden
1972–1982[144]
1972[144]
Pop / Disco[144]
7001607000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 60.7 million [show]

US: 12.7 million[11]
JPN: 1.5 million[b][52][145][146]
UK: 18.970 million[b][13]
GER: 10.450 million[b][14]
FRA: 2.750 million[b][15][16][53]
CAN: 2.785 million[b][17]
AUS: 6.127 million[b][18][147]
BRA: 275,000[b][21][57]
SWE: 800,000[b][22]
SPA: 1.005 million[b][23][40]
MEX: 260,000[b][42]
SWI: 600,000[b][25]
BEL: 380,000[b][26][27]
ARG: 238,000[b][28][29]
DEN: 600,000[b][148][149][150]
AUT: 175,000[b][32]
POL: 150,000[b][33]
FIN: 656,319[47]
NZ: 297,500[b][35][151][152]

200 million[153][154]
100 million[155][156]

text: 120 million to 199 million records

text:
Taylor Swift

Garth Brooks

Eminem

Eagles

Bruno Mars

U2

Kanye West

text:
Artist
Country / Market
Period active
Release-year of first charted record
Genre
Total certified units
(from available markets)[b]
Claimed sales

Taylor Swift
United States
2006–present[157]
2006[157]
Country / Country pop / Pop / Pop-rock[157]
7002181600000000000♠

Total available certified units: 181.6 million [show]

US: 157 million[11]
JPN: 2.850 million[12][52]
UK: 8.9 million[13]
GER: 950,000[14]
FRA: 250,000[16]
CAN: 4.580 million[17]
AUS: 5.495 million[18]
ITA: 285,000[b][20]
BRA: 170,000[21]
SWE: 180,000[57]
MEX: 450,000[42][43][98]
DEN: 140,000>[61]
NZ: 375,000[34][35]

175 million[158]

Garth Brooks
United States
1989–present[159]
1989[159]
Country[159]
7002146000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 156 million [show]

US: 149.4 million[11]
UK: 520,000[13]
CAN: 5.730 million[17]
AUS: 280,000[b][18]
IRE: 120,000[b][102]

160 million[160]

Eminem
United States
1996–present[161]
1999[161]
Hip-hop[161]
7002132100000000000♠

Total available certified units: 132.1 million [show]

US: 86.1 million[11]
JPN: 2.9 million [12][52]
UK: 21.425 million[13]
GER: 3.450 million[14]
FRA: 3.170 million[16][83]
CAN: 3.770 million[17]
AUS: 5.702 million[18]
ITA: 615,000[b][20]
BRA: 200,000[21]
SWE: 810,000[22][57]
SPA: 290,000[23][58]
MEX: 365,000[42]
SWI: 805,000[25]
BEL: 475,000[26][27]
DEN: 556,000[b][59][162]>[61]
AUT: 325,000[32]
POL: 250,000[33]
FIN: 124,547[47]
IRE: 285,000[b][102]
NZ: 562,500[34][35]

155 million[163]

Eagles
United States
1971–1980, 1994–present[164]
1972[164]
Rock[164]
7002129400000000000♠

Total available certified units: 129.4 million [show]

US: 108.9 million[11]
JPN: 600,000[b][12]
UK: 7.835 million[b][13]
GER: 925,000[b][14]
FRA: 2.040 million[b][15][16][53]
CAN: 4.2 million[b][17]
AUS: 3.395 million[b][18][165]
SWE: 140,000[b][22]
SPA: 500,000[b][23][24]
SWI: 290,000[b][25]
DEN: 185,000[b][60]>[61]
FIN: 124,749[47]
NZ: 352,500[b][34][35]

150 million[166]

U2
Ireland
1976–present[167]
1980[167]
Rock[167]
7002106800000000000♠

Total available certified units: 106.8 million [show]

US: 53.1 million[11]
JPN: 1.450 million[b][12]
UK: 18.620 million[13]
GER: 5.125 million[14]
FRA: 5.025 million[15][16]
CAN: 7.115 million[17]
AUS: 4.412 million[b][18][19][168]
ITA: 805,000[b][20]
BRA: 2.675 million[b][21]
SWE: 515,000[b][22]
SPA: 2.275 million[23][24][40][41][58]
MEX: 835,000[b][42]
SWI: 696,000[b][25]
BEL: 725,000[b][26][27]
ARG: 806,000[28][29]
DEN: 473,000[b][59][60][61][77][169]
AUT: 515,000[b][32]
POL: 360,000[b][33]
FIN: 235,460[47]
IRE: 316,000[b][102]
NZ: 765,000[34][35]

150 million[170]

Billy Joel
United States
1964–present[171]
1971[171]
Pop / Rock[171]
7002102600000000000♠

Total available certified units: 102.6 million [show]

US: 87.950 million[11]
JPN: 2 million[b][12][172]
UK: 5.655 million[b][13]
GER: 1.250 million[b][14]
FRA: 925,000[b][15][16][53]
CAN: 3.275 million[b][17]
AUS: 1.267[b][18][19]
AUT: 125,000[b][32]
NZ: 162,500[b][34]

150 million[173]

Phil Collins
United Kingdom
1980–2011, 2015–present[174]
1981[174]
Rock / Progressive rock / Adult contemporary[174]
7001878000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 87.8 million [show]

US: 39.850 million[11]
JPN: 800,000[b][12]
UK: 15.250 million[13]
GER: 13.8 million[14]
FRA: 6.410 million[15][16][53]
CAN: 3.375 million[17]
AUS: 1.522[b][18][19]
BRA: 1.370 million[b][21]
SWE: 245,000[b][22]
SPA: 2.150 million[23][24][41][58]
SWI: 973,000[b][25]
BEL: 305,000[b][26][27]
ARG: 1.044 million[28][29]
AUT: 440,000[b][32]
FIN: 182,581[47]
NZ: 122,500[34][35]

150 million[175]

Aerosmith
United States
1970–present[176]
1973[176]
Hard rock[176]
7001847000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 84.7 million [show]

US: 70.250 million[11]
JPN: 2.7 million[b][12][52]
UK: 3.230 million[13]
GER: 2 million[b][14]
FRA: 225,000[15][16][53]
CAN: 3.950 million[b][17]
AUS: 225,000[b][18][177]
ITA: 100,000[b][20]
BRA: 600,000[b][21]
SWE: 260,000[b][22]
SPA: 200,000[b][23][41]
MEX: 230,000[b][42]
SWI: 145,000[b][25]
ARG: 338,000[b][28][29]
AUT: 125,000[b][32]
POL: 100,000[b][33]
FIN: 101,722[47]

150 million[178]

Frank Sinatra
United States
1935–1995[179]
1939[179]
Pop / Swing[179]
7001373009999900000♠

Total available certified units: 37.3 million [show]

US: 28.2 million[b][11]
UK: 5.445 million[b][13]
GER: 1 million[b][14]
FRA: 600,000[b][15]
CAN: 650,000[b][17]
AUS: 245,000[b][18]
BRA: 350,000[b][21]
SWE: 130,000[b][22]
SPA: 500,000[b][24][41][58]
ARG: 188,000[b][28][29]

150 million[180]

Barbra Streisand
United States
1960–present[181]
1963[181]
Pop / Adult contemporary[181]
7001974000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 97.4 million [show]

US: 82.450 million[11]
UK: 5.765 million[b][13]
GER: 750,000[b][14]
FRA: 3.150 million[b][15][16][53]
CAN: 2.650 million[b][17]
AUS: 2.047 million[b][18]
SWE: 120,000[22][57]
SPA: 150,000[b][58]
FIN: 186,501[b][47]
NZ: 137,500[b][34]

145 million[182]

Bruno Mars
United States
2004–present[183]
2010[183]
Pop rock / R&B[183]
7002121200000000000♠

Total available certified units: 121.2 million [show]

US: 86.5 million[11]
JPN: 1.2 million[12][52]
UK: 13.5 million[13]
GER: 3.4 million[14]
FRA: 1.850 million[16]
CAN: 5.240 million[17]
AUS: 4.970 million[18]
ITA: 710,000[b][20]
SWE: 440,000[22][57]
SPA: 470,000[23]
MEX: 780,000[42][43]
SWI: 405,000[25]
BEL: 345,000[27]
DEN: 365,000[b][61][184]
AUT: 180,000[32]
NZ: 532,500[34]
PHL: 330,000[185]

130 million[186]

Kanye West
United States
1996–present[187]
2004[187]
Hip-hop / Electronic / Pop rock[187]
7002102800000000000♠

Total available certified units: 102.8 million [show]

US: 87.750 million[11]
JPN: 100,000[188]
UK: 10.680 million[13]
GER: 300,000[14]
CAN: 1.180 million[17]
AUS: 2.135 million[18]
ITA: 145,000[b][20]
SWE: 160,000[57]
DEN: 424,000[60][61][69][189]

121 million[190]

Bruce Springsteen
United States
1972–present[191]
1973[191]
Rock[191]
7002101500000000000♠

Total available certified units: 101.5 million [show]

US: 76.150 million[11]
JPN: 400,000[b][12]
UK: 7.145 million[13]
GER: 4.325 million[b][14]
FRA: 1.887 million[15][16][53]
CAN: 3.2 million[b][17]
AUS: 3.362 million[b][18]
ITA: 575,000[b][20]
BRA: 100,000[b][21]
SWE: 810,000[b][22][57]
SPA: 1.730 million[b][23][24][40][41][58]
SWI: 400,000[b][25]
DEN: 155,000[b][59][61][69][192]
AUT: 290,000[b][32]
FIN: 449,800[47]
IRE: 189,500[b][102]
NZ: 375,000[34][35]

120 million[193]

Bee Gees
United Kingdom
Australia[194][195]
1963–2003
2009–2012[196]
1963[196]
Pop / Disco[196]
7001683000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 68.3 million [show]

US: 42.5 million[11]
JPN: 300,000[b][12][197][198]
UK: 9.065 million[b][13]
GER: 6.675 million[b][14]
FRA: 3.4 million[b][15][16][53]
CAN: 3.215 million[b][17]
AUS: 1.187 million[b][18]
BRA: 350,000[b][21]
SPA: 450,000[b][24][40][58]
SWI: 415,000[b][25]
ARG: 188,000[b][28][29]
AUT: 125,000[b][32]
POL: 100,000[b][33]
NZ: 380,000[b][34][35]

120 million[199]

text: 100 million to 119 million records

text:
Justin Bieber

Katy Perry

Adele

Lady Gaga

Jay-Z

Metallica

B'z

text:
To ensure the high level of fact checking and editorial control, this list sources sales figures to news organizations and highly regarded music industry related organizations such as MTV, VH1, Billboard and Rolling Stone.
The figures of total certified units within the table below are based on certified units of albums, singles (including digital downloads) and videos.
Markets' order within the table is based on Retail Value each market generates respectively, the largest market at the top and the smallest at the bottom.[8][9]

text:
Artist
Country / Market
Period active
Release-year of first charted record
Genre
Total certified units
(from available markets)[b]
Claimed sales

Lady Gaga
United States
2005–present[200]
2008[200]
Pop / Dance / Electronic[200]
7001992000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 99.2 million [show]

US: 68.5 million[11]
JPN: 5.4 million[12][52]
UK: 10.985 million[13]
GER: 2.9 million[14]
FRA: 1.58 million[16]
CAN: 2.4 million[17]
AUS: 2.890 million[18]
ITA: 840,000[b][20]
BRA: 470,000[21]
SWE: 680,000[22][57]
SPA: 410,000[23]
MEX: 390,000[42][98]
SWI: 445,000[25]
BEL: 270,000[27]
DEN: 340,000[60][61][101]
AUT: 182,500[32]
POL: 130,000[33]
IRE: 165,000[102]
NZ: 277,500[34][35]

114 million[201]

Metallica
United States
1981–present[202]
1983[202]
Heavy metal / Thrash metal[202]
7001943000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 94.3 million [show]

US: 73.3 million[11]
JPN: 900,000[b][12]
UK: 3.335 million[13]
GER: 3.525 million[14]
FRA: 940,000[15][16]
CAN: 3.805 million[17]
AUS: 2.637 million[b][18][19][203]
ITA: 180,000[b][20]
BRA: 380,000[b][21]
SWE: 675,000[b][22]
SPA: 420,000[23][41][58]
MEX: 430,000[b][42][98]
SWI: 560,000[b][25]
BEL: 335,000[b][26][27]
DEN: 180,000[61][60]
ARG: 874,000[28][29]
AUT: 340,000[b][32]
POL: 735,000[b][33]
FIN: 530,676[47]
NZ: 315,000[34][35]

110 million[204]

Justin Bieber
Canada
United States
2008–present[205]
2009[205]
Pop / Teen pop, Dance pop[205]
7002132000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 132 million [show]

US: 87.5 million[11]
JPN: 750,000 [12][52]
UK: 17.085 million[13]
GER: 3.3 million[14]
FRA: 1.2[16]
CAN: 5.620 million[17]
AUS: 4.725 million[18]
ITA: 1.795 million[20]
BRA: 810,000[21]
SWE: 1.820 million[22][57]
SPA: 880,000[23]
MEX: 2.910 million[42][43][98]
BEL: 450,000[27]
DEN: 2.075 million[61]
POL: 370,000[33]
AUT: 140,000[32]
NZ: 615,000[34]

100 million[206]

Katy Perry
United States
2001–present[207]
2008[207]
Pop[207]
7002129300000000000♠

Total available certified units: 129.3 million [show]

US: 97.5 million[11]
JPN: 300,000[12][52]
UK: 12.550 million[13]
GER: 2.750 million[14]
FRA: 825,000[16]
CAN: 6.160 million[17]
AUS: 5.090 million[18]
ITA: 780,000[b][20]
BRA: 625,000[21]
SWE: 520,000[22][57]
SPA: 180,000[23]
MEX: 900,000[42][98]
SWI: 160,000[25]
BEL: 135,000[27]
DEN: 235,000[59][61]
AUT: 247,500[32]
NZ: 360,000[34][35]

100 million[208]

Adele
United Kingdom
2006–present[209]
2008[209]
Pop, soul[209]
7002104700000000000♠

Total available certified units: 104.7 million [show]

US: 61 million[11]
JPN: 100,000[12]
UK: 20.550 million[13]
GER: 4.7 million[14]
CAN: 6.120 million[17]
AUS: 3.955 million[18]
ITA: 1.570 million[b][20]
BRA: 1.310 million[21]
SWE: 240,000[22][57]
SPA: 800,000[23]
MEX: 1.490 million[42][43]
SWI: 510,000[25]
BEL: 795,000[27]
DEN: 597,500[59][61]
POL: 300,000[b][33]
FIN: 151,639[47]
NZ: 577,500[34]

100 million[210]

Jay-Z
United States
1996–present[211]
1996[211]
Hip-hop[211]
7001981000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 98.1 million [show]

US: 82.7 million[11]
JPN: 1.050 million[52]
UK: 9.320 million[13]
GER: 1.550 million[14]
FRA: 400,000[16]
CAN: 1.6 million[17]
AUS: 1.260[18]
ITA: 180,000[b][20]
SWE: 130,000[22][57]

100 million[212]

B'z
Japan
1988–present[213]
1988[213]
Rock / Pop rock / Hard rock[213]
7001857000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 85.7 million [show]

JPN: 85.75 million[b][12][52][106]

100 million[214]

Bon Jovi
United States
1983–present[215]
1983[215]
Hard rock / Glam metal[215]
7001840000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 84 million [show]

US: 49.9 million[11]
JPN: 4.400 million[b][12][52]
UK: 9.490 million[13]
GER: 5.650 million[14]
FRA: 825,000[15][16][53]
CAN: 4.735 million[17]
AUS: 3.030 million[b][18][216][217]
ITA: 110,000[b][20]
BRA: 435,000[b][21]
SWE: 365,000[b][22][57]
SPA: 1.620 million[23][24][40][41][58]
MEX: 250,000[b][42]
SWI: 1.275 million[b][25]
AUT: 725,000[b][32]
BEL: 165,000[b][26][27]
ARG: 358,000[28][29]
POL: 110,000[b][33]
FIN: 422,500[47]
NZ: 210,000[34][35]

100 million[218]

Linkin Park
United States
1996–present[219]
2000[219]
Alternative rock / Nu metal / Rap rock[219]
7001823000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 82.3 million [show]

US: 61.6 million[11]
JPN: 1.550 million[12][52]
UK: 6.205 million[13]
GER: 5.850 million[14]
FRA: 1.025[16]
CAN: 1.330 million[17]
AUS: 1.485 million[18]
ITA: 515,000[b][20]
BRA: 595,000[21]
SWE: 165,000[22][57]
SPA: 175,000[23]
MEX: 225,000[42]
SWI: 425,000[25]
BEL: 140,000[27]
DEN: 175,000[59][61]
AUT: 252,500[32]
POL: 220,000[33]
FIN: 120,469[47]
NZ: 252,500[34][35]

100 million[220]

Beyoncé
United States
1997–present[221]
2002[221][222]
R&B / Pop[221]
7001810000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 81 million [show]

US: 56.150 million[11]
JPN: 1.7 million [12][52]
UK: 13.885 million[13]
GER: 1.550 million[14]
FRA: 560,000[16][83]
CAN: 1.395 million[17]
AUS: 2.975 million[18]
ITA: 260,000[b][20]
BRA: 390,000[21]
SWE: 100,000[22][57]
SPA: 1.030 million[b][23][223]
MEX: 110,000[42]
SWI: 165,000[25]
BEL: 115,000[27]
DEN: 312,500[60][61][69][101][224][225]
POL: 100,000[33]
NZ: 270,000[34][35]

100 million[226]

Lil Wayne
United States
1996–present[227]
1999[227]
Hip-hop[227]
7001799000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 79.9 million [show]

US: 77.7 million[11]
UK: 1.460 million[13]
CAN: 280,000[17]
AUS: 525,000[18]

100 million[228]

Britney Spears
United States
1998–present[229]
1998[229]
Pop / Dance / Dance-pop[229]
7001785000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 78.5 million [show]

US: 44.2 million[11]
JPN: 2.1 million[12][129]
UK: 10.150 million[13]
GER: 5.050 million[14]
FRA: 3.732 million[15][16][53]
CAN: 3.680 million[17]
AUS: 3.130 million[18]
ITA: 175,000[b][20]
BRA: 380,000[21]
SWE: 1.010 million[22][57]
SPA: 990,000[23][41][58]
MEX: 1.175 million[b][42]
SWI: 485,000[25]
AUT: 365,000[32]
BEL: 935,000[26][27]
ARG: 248,000[28][29]
DEN: 187,500[b][59][60][230][231]
POL: 210,000[33]
FIN: 143,627[47]
NZ: 240,000[34][35]

100 million[232]

Rod Stewart
United Kingdom
1964–present[233]
1969[233]
Rock / Pop[233]
7001778000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 77.8 million [show]

US: 43.650 million[11]
JPN: 450,000[b][12]
UK: 18.330 million[b][13]
GER: 3.8 million[b][14]
FRA: 1.8 million[b][15][16][53]
CAN: 4.055 million[b][17]
AUS: 2.610 million[b][18][19]
BRA: 980,000[b][21]
SWE: 440,000[b][22]
SPA: 290,000[b][23][24][40]
SWI: 100,000[b][25]
ARG: 524,000[b][28][29]
AUT: 100,000[b][32]
POL: 220,000[b][33]
IRE: 195,000[b][102]
NZ: 280,000[b][34][35]

100 million[234]

Fleetwood Mac
United Kingdom
United States
1967–present[235]
1968[235]
Rock / Pop[235]
7001761009999900000♠

Total available certified units: 76.1 million [show]

US: 51.250 million[11]
UK: 13.585 million[b][13]
GER: 3.5 million[b][14]
FRA: 800,000[b][15][16]
AUS: 2.767 million[b][18][19]
CAN: 2.950 million[b][17]
SPA: 300,000[b][41][58]
SWI: 100,000[b][25]
BEL: 100,000[b][27]
NZ: 572,500[b][35][236][237]

100 million[238]

Guns N' Roses
United States
1985–present[239]
1987[239]
Hard rock / Heavy metal[239]
7001743000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 74.3 million [show]

US: 48.5 million[11]
JPN: 1.7 million[b][12]
UK: 6.150 million[13]
GER: 4.1 million[14]
FRA: 1 million[16]
CAN: 3.520 million[17]
AUS: 2.410[b][18][19][165]
ITA: 685,000[b][20]
BRA: 1.9 million[b][21]
SWE: 485,000[22]
SPA: 450,000[23][24][40]
MEX: 760,000[b][42]
SWI: 365,000[b][25]
BEL: 165,000[b][26][27]
ARG: 1.248 million[b][28][29]
AUT: 365,000[32]
POL: 160,000[b][33]
IRE: 105,000[b][102]
NZ: 270,000[34][35]

100 million[240]

George Strait
United States
1981–present[241]
1984[241]
Country[241]
7001728000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 72.8 million [show]

US: 72.150 million[11]
CAN: 705,000[17]

100 million[242]

Backstreet Boys
United States
1993–present[243]
1995[243]
Pop[243]
7001720000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 72 million [show]

US: 41.5 million[11]
JPN: 5.4 million[12][52][244]
UK: 4.875 million[13]
GER: 7 million[14]
FRA: 325,000[15][16]
CAN: 3.430 million[17]
AUS: 1.4 million[b][18]
BRA: 1.625 million[21]
SWE: 655,000[22]
SPA: 1.850 million[41][58]
MEX: 1.475 million[b][42]
SWI: 415,000[25]
BEL: 425,000[b][26][27]
ARG: 740,000[28]
AUT: 325,000[32]
POL: 300,000[33]
FIN: 171,390[47]
NZ: 132,500[34]

100 million[245]

Neil Diamond
United States
1966–present[246]
1966[246]
Pop / Rock[246]
7001683000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 68.3 million [show]

US: 55.9 million[11]
UK: 7.130 million[b][13]
GER: 1 million[b][14]
FRA: 400,000[b][15]
CAN: 1.725 million[b][17]
AUS: 1.945 million[b][18]
SPA: 100,000[b][40]
NZ: 127,500[b][34][35]

100 million[247]

Prince
United States
1976–2016[248]
1978[248]
Funk / R&B / Pop / Soul / Rock[248]
7001642000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 64.2 million [show]

US: 48.950 million[11]
JPN: 300,000[b][12]
UK: 7.045 million[13]
GER: 2.4 million[14]
FRA: 2.110 million[15][16]
CAN: 1 million[17]
AUS: 1.120[b][18][19]
SWE: 100,000[22]
SPA: 700,000[b][24][40][41][58]
SWI: 250,000[b][25]
AUT: 125,000[b][32]
NZ: 177,500[b][34]

100 million[249]

Kenny Rogers
United States
1958–present[250]
1975[250]
Country / Pop[250]
7001601000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 61.4 million [show]

US: 54.050 million[11]
JPN: 100,000[b][251]
UK: 2.520 million[13]
CAN: 4.6 million[17]
AUS: 100,000[b][252][253]
SPA: 100,000[b][40]

100 million[254]

Paul McCartney
United Kingdom
1960–present[255]
1970[255]
Rock[255]
7001606000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 60.6 million [show]

US: 41.450 million[11]
JPN: 500,000[b][12]
UK: 12.365 million[b][13]
GER: 1.525 million[b][14]
FRA: 1.305 million[b][15][16][53]
CAN: 1.955 million[b][17]
AUS: 465,000[b][18][19]
SWE: 210,000[b][57][256]
SPA: 640,000[b][24][40]
DEN: 210,000[b][60][257]

100 million[258]

Janet Jackson
United States
1982–present[259]
1982[259]
R&B / Pop[259]
7001521000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 52.1 million [show]

US: 39.750 million[11]
JPN: 1.6 million [b][12]
UK: 4.760 million[13]
GER: 1.4 million[14]
FRA: 1.475 million[15][16][53]
CAN: 1.460 million[17]
AUS: 1.155[b][18][19]
SWE: 105,000[b][22]
SPA: 150,000[41][58]
SWI: 170,000[b][25]
BEL: 125,000[b][26]

100 million[260]

Julio Iglesias
Spain
1968–present[261]
1968[261]
Latin[261]
7001510000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 51 million [show]

US: 11 million[11]
JPN: 800,000[b][262]
UK: 1.620 million[b][13][262]
GER: 250,000[b][14]
FRA: 6.1 million[15][16][53][262]
CAN: 1.5 million[17]
AUS: 540,000[b][18][262]
ITA: 400,000[b][20][262]
NLD:950,000[b][262]
BRA: 12.475 million[b][21][262]
SWE: 290,000[b][22][262]
SPA: 8.7 million[b][23][24][40][41][58][262]
MEX: 2.975 million[b][42][262]
BEL: 125,000[b][262]
ARG: 3.220 million[b][28][262]
FIN: 131,636[b][47]

100 million[263]

Chicago
United States
1967–present[264]
1969[264]
Rock / Pop[264]
7001483000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 48.3 million [show]

US: 44.150 million[11]
JPN: 400,000[b][12][265]
UK: 1.490 million[b][13]
GER: 250,000[b][14]
FRA: 100,000[b][15]
CAN: 1.865 million[17]
SPA: 100,000[b][24]

100 million[266]

The Carpenters
United States
1969–1983[267]
1969[267]
Pop[267]
7001460000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 46 million [show]

US: 34.6 million[11]
JPN: 2.9 million[b][12][115][268]
UK: 7.950 million[b][13]
GER: 250,000[b][14]
CAN: 275,000[b][17]
BRA: 100,000[b][21]

100 million[269]

Bob Dylan
United States
1959–present[270]
1963[270]
Folk / Rock[270]
7001453000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 45.3 million [show]

US: 35.6 million[11]
UK: 6.025 million[b][13]
GER: 625,000[b][14]
FRA: 800,000[b][15][16]
CAN: 1.5 million[b][17]
AUS: 480,000[b][18]
SWI: 175,000[b][25]
NZ: 105,000[b][34]

100 million[271]

Dire Straits
United Kingdom
1977–1995[272]
1978[272]
Rock [272]
7001447000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 44.7 million [show]

US: 15.5 million[11]
UK: 11.1 million[13]
GER: 3.750 million[14]
FRA: 5.3 million[15][16]
CAN: 2.575 million[17]
AUS: 2.190 million[b][18][19]
ITA: 385,000[b][20]
BRA: 175,000[b][21]
SWE: 360,000[b][22]
SPA: 1.380 million[b][23][24][40][41]
SWI: 1 million[b][25]
BEL: 100,000[b][26][27]
AUT: 300,000[b][32]
FIN: 471,530[47]
NZ: 155,000[b][35]

100 million[273]

Def Leppard
United Kingdom
1977–present[274]
1979[274]
Hard rock / Heavy metal[274]
7001418009999900000♠

Total available certified units: 41.8 million [show]

US: 35.650 million[11]
JPN: 300,000[b][12]
UK: 1.960 million[13]
FRA: 200,000[15]
CAN: 2.995 million[17]
AUS: 385,000[19][275]
SWE: 150,000[b][22]
MEX: 200,000[b][42]
SWI: 125,000[b][25]

100 million[276]

Cher
United States
1964–present[277]
1965[277]
Pop / Rock / Dance / Folk[277]
7001405000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 40.5 million [show]

US: 21.9 million[11]
JPN: 100,000[b][12]
UK: 6.450 million[b][13]
GER: 4.175 million[b][14]
FRA: 1.525 million[b][16][53]
CAN: 1.340 million[b][17]
AUS: 1.530 million[b][18][278]
ITA: 300,000[b][279]
BRA: 125,000[b][21]
SWE: 850,000[b][22][57]
SPA: 600,000[b][41][58][279]
MEX: 200,000[b][42]
SWI: 295,000[b][25]
BEL: 275,000[b][26]
ARG: 106,000[b][28][262]
DEN: 300,000[b][279][280]
AUT: 250,000[b][32]
POL: 100,000[b][33]
NZ: 150,000[34][281]

100 million[282]

Genesis
United Kingdom
1967–1999
2006–present[283]
1969[283]
Progressive rock / Pop rock[283]
7001399000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 39.9 million [show]

US: 21.650 million[11]
JPN: 100,000[b][12]
UK: 7.325 million[b][13]
GER: 5.875 million[b][14]
FRA: 3.460 million[b][15][16]
CAN: 805,000[b][17]
SWE: 100,000[b][22]
SPA: 250,000[b][23][24][40]
SWI: 400,000[b][25]

100 million[284]

James Taylor
United States
1968–present[285]
1970[285]
Rock / Pop[285]
7001355000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 35.5 million [show]

US: 34.650 million[11]
UK: 655,000[b][13]
CAN: 100,000[b][17]
AUS: 100,000[b][18]

100 million[286]

Olivia Newton-John
Australia
1966–present[287]
1966[287]
Pop[287]
7001347000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 34.7 million [show]

US: 27 million[11]
JPN: 100,000[b][12]
UK: 3.950 million[b][13]
GER: 250,000[b][14]
CAN: 3.025 million[b][17]
AUS: 380,000[b][18][19]

100 million[288]

Stevie Wonder
United States
1961–present[289]
1962[289]
Funk / R&B / Soul[289]
7001346000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 34.6 million [show]

US: 21.650 million[11]
JPN: 1.050 million[b][12]
UK: 8.285 million[b][13]
GER: 500,000[b][14]
FRA: 1.4 million[b][15][53]
CAN: 1.550 million[17]
SPA: 250,000[b][40]

100 million[290]

Tina Turner
United States
1955–present[291]
1975[291]
Rock / Pop[291]
7001328009999900000♠

Total available certified units: 32.8 million [show]

US: 12.7 million[11]
UK: 8.145 million[13]
GER: 6.050 million[14]
FRA: 1.135 million[15][16][53]
CAN: 1.560 million[17]
AUS: 480,000[b][18][19]
SWE: 330,000[b][22]
SPA: 700,000[b][23][24][40][41]
SWI: 565,000[b][25]
BEL: 190,000[b][26][27]
AUT: 630,000[b][32]
POL: 120,000[b][33]
FIN: 241,954[47]

100 million[292]

Linda Ronstadt
United States
1967–present[293]
1968[293]
Rock / Folk / Country[293]
7001325000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 32.5 million [show]

US: 31.5 million[11]
UK: 435,000[b][13]
FRA: 100,000[b][15]
CAN: 500,000[b][17]

100 million[294]

Donna Summer
United States
1968–2012[295]
1974[295]
Pop / Disco / R&B[295]
7001308000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 30.8 million [show]

US: 24.5 million[11]
UK: 3.735 million[b][13]
FRA: 900,000[b][15][16]
CAN: 1.550 million[b][17]
BRA: 100,000[b][21]
SPA: 100,000[b][41]

100 million[296]

The Beach Boys
United States
1961–present[297]
1962[297]
Rock / Pop / Surf Rock[297]
7001305000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 30.5 million [show]

US: 25.6 million[11]
UK: 3.410 million[b][13]
GER: 250,000[b][14]
FRA: 400,000[b][15][16][53]
CAN: 100,000[b][17]
AUS: 492,500[b][18][19]
SPA: 250,000[b][40][41]

100 million[298]

David Bowie
United Kingdom
1962–2016[299]
1967[299]
Art rock / Glam rock / Pop[299]
7001299000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 29.9 million [show]

US: 11.7 million[11]
JPN: 200,000[b][12]
UK: 11.745 million[b][13]
GER: 525,000[b][14]
FRA: 2.380 million[b][15][16][53]
CAN: 2.215 million[b][17]
AUS: 565,000[b][18]
ITA: 345,000[b][20]
SPA: 170,000[b][23][24][40]
NZ: 142,500[b][34]

100 million[300]

The Who
United Kingdom
1964–present[301]
1965[301]
Rock / Hard rock[301]
7001269000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 26.9 million [show]

US: 22.150 million[11]
UK: 3.905 million[b][13]
FRA: 300,000[b][15]
CAN: 425,000[b][17]
ITA: 125,000[b][20]

100 million[302]

Barry White
United States
1972–2003[303]
1973[303]
R&B / Soul[303]
7001217000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 21.7 million [show]

US: 16.5 million[11]
UK: 3.665 million[b][13]
FRA: 1.1 million[b][15][16]
CAN: 150,000[b][17]
SPA: 200,000[b][58]
BEL: 150,000[b][27]

100 million[304]

text: 80 million to 99 million records

text:
Coldplay

Shania Twain

Nicki Minaj

Flo Rida

Ayumi Hamasaki

Van Halen

Red Hot Chili Peppers

text:
Artist
Country / Market
Period active
Release-year of first charted record
Genre
Total certified units
(from available markets)[b]
Claimed sales

Coldplay
United Kingdom
1996–present[305]
1999[305]
Alternative rock, Pop rock, Pop[305]
7001782000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 78.2 million [show]

US: 29.6 million[11]
JPN: 750,000[12][52]
UK: 23.685 million[13]
GER: 4.150 million[14]
FRA: 3.030[16]
CAN: 3.445 million[17]
AUS: 3.655 million[18]
ITA: 2.660 million[b][20]
BRA: 340,000[21]
SWE: 670,000[22][57]
SPA: 1.030 million[23]
MEX: 1.890 million[42][43][98]
SWI: 510,000[25]
BEL: 735,000[27]
ARG: 528,000[28][29]
DEN: 639,000[59][61]
AUT: 197,500[32]
POL: 220,000[b][33]
IRE: 210,000[b][102]
NZ: 345,000[34]

90 million[306]

Shania Twain
Canada
1993–present[307]
1993[307]
Country pop[307]
7001757000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 75.7 million [show]

US: 54.5 million[11]
JPN: 300,000[b][12]
UK: 6.795 million[13]
GER: 1.750 million[14]
FRA: 975,000[16][53]
CAN: 6.880 million[17]
AUS: 2.360 million[b][18]
BRA: 475,000[21]
SWE: 330,000[22]
SPA: 100,000[58]
MEX: 100,000[b][42]
SWI: 310,000[25]
BEL: 250,000[b][26][27]
ARG: 120,000[28]
AUT: 115,000[32]
NZ: 402,500[34][35]

90 million[308]

Santana
United States
1966–present[309]
1969[309]
Rock[309]
7001618000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 61.8 million [show]

US: 47.475 million[11]
JPN: 400,000[b][12]
UK: 2.980 million[b][13]
GER: 2.4 million[b][14]
FRA: 3.510 million[b][15][16][53]
CAN: 1.660 million[b][17]
AUS: 855,000[b][18]
BRA: 375,000[b][21]
SWE: 125,000[b][22]
SPA: 450,000[b][41][58]
MEX: 405,000[b][42]
SWI: 375,000[b][25]
BEL: 190,000[b][26][27]
ARG: 158,000[b][28][29]
AUT: 145,000[b][32]
POL: 205,000[b][33]
NZ: 135,000[b][34][35]

90 million[310]

Lionel Richie
United States
1968–present[311]
1981[311]
Pop / R&B[311]
7001404000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 40.4 million [show]

US: 28.650 million[11]
UK: 6.355 million[b][13]
GER: 1.050 million[b][14]
FRA: 1.4 million[b][15][16]
CAN: 2.380 million[b][17]
AUS: 260,000[b][18][312]
BRA: 100,000[b][21]
SPA: 150,000[24][40]
SWI: 145,000[b][25]

90 million[313]

Earth, Wind & Fire
United States
1969–present[314]
1971[314]
Funk / R&B / Soul[314]
7001356000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 35.6 million [show]

US: 31.8 million[11]
JPN: 500,000[b][12][315][316]
UK: 2.525 million[13]
FRA: 500,000[15][16]
CAN: 360,000[17]

90 million[317]

Johnny Cash
United States
1954–2003[318]
1956[318]
Country/ Rock and roll/ Gospel[318]
7001307000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 30.7 million [show]

US: 25.7 million[11]
UK: 3.660 million[b][13]
GER: 400,000[b][14]
CAN: 490,000[b][17]
AUS: 522,500[b][18]

90 million[319]

Nicki Minaj
United States
2008–present[320]
2010[320]
Hip hop, Pop[320]
7001715000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 71.5 million [show]

US: 58 million[11]
JPN: 350,000[52]
UK: 7.1 million[13]
GER: 800,000[14]
FRA: 225,000[16]
CAN: 480,000[17]
AUS: 2.835 million[18]
ITA: 375,000[20]
BRA: 250,000[21]
SWE: 400,000[22][57]
SPA: 100,000[23]
MEX: 150,000[42][98]
SWI: 180,000[25]
DEN: 130,000[61]
NZ: 187,500[34]

85 million[321]

R.E.M.
United States
1980–2011[322]
1983[322]
Alternative rock[322]
7001426000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 42.6 million [show]

US: 21.150 million[11]
UK: 8.765 million[13]
GER: 4.275 million[14]
FRA: 1.450 million[15][16]
CAN: 2.650 million[17]
AUS: 1.030[b][18][19]
ITA: 175,000[b][20]
BRA: 100,000[b][21]
SWE: 500,000[b][22]
SPA: 1.1 million[23][24][41][58]
SWI: 450,000[b][25]
BEL: 108,000[b][26][27]
ARG: 158,000[b][28][29]
DEN: 155,000[b][59][60]
AUT: 350,000[b][32]
IRE: 127,500[b][102]
NZ: 105,000[34]

85 million[323]

Flo Rida
United States
2007–present[324]
2007[324]
Hip-hop, Hip house, EDM[324]
7001698000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 69.8 million [show]

US: 49 million[11]
JPN: 650,000[b][12][52]
UK: 7.960 million[13]
GER: 3 million[14]
FRA: 225,000[16]
CAN: 2.810 million[17]
AUS: 3.535 million[b][18]
ITA: 330,000[b][20]
SWE: 780,000[22]
SPA: 140,000[58]
MEX: 330,000[b][42]
SWI: 420,000[25]
DEN: 205,000[b][61]
AUT: 180,000[32]
NZ: 247,500[34][35]

80 million[325]

Ayumi Hamasaki
Japan
1998–present[326]
1998[326]
J-pop / Pop / dance / electronic[326]
7001643000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 64.3 million [show]

JPN: 64.3 million[12][52][106]

80 million[327][328]

Van Halen
United States
1978–present[329]
1978[329]
Hard rock / Heavy metal[329]
7001643000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 64.3 million [show]

US: 57.8 million[11]
JPN: 1.3 million[b][12][129]
UK: 740,000[13]
GER: 1.5 million[14]
FRA: 400,000[15]
CAN: 2.450 million[17]
BRA: 200,000[b][21]

80 million[330]

Red Hot Chili Peppers
United States
1983–present[331]
1987[331]
Funk rock / Alternative rock[331]
7001578000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 57.8 million [show]

US: 32.250 million[11]
JPN: 2.6 million[b][12][52]
UK: 9.995 million[13]
GER: 2.650 million[14]
FRA: 1.420 million[16]
CAN: 2.020 million[17]
AUS: 2.590 million[b][18][19]
ITA: 455,000[b][20]
BRA: 515,000[b][21]
SWE: 390,000[b][22]
SPA: 640,000[23][41][58]
MEX: 150,000[b][42]
SWI: 405,000[b][25]
BEL: 170,000[b][27]
ARG: 406,000[28][29]
DEN: 227,000[b][59][60][69][332]
AUT: 247,500[b][32]
POL: 245,000[b][33]
FIN: 171,951[47]
NZ: 285,000[34][35]

80 million[333]

Foreigner
United States
United Kingdom
1976–present[334]
1977[334]
Rock / Hard Rock[334]
7001496000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 49.6 million [show]

US: 45.1 million[11]
UK: 1.300 million[13]
GER: 1.5 million[14]
FRA: 400,000[15][16]
CAN: 700,000[17]
AUS: 105,000[b][18]
SWI: 125,000[b][25]

80 million[335]

The Doors
United States
1965–1973[336]
1967[336]
Psychedelic rock[336]
7001469000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 46.9 million [show]

US: 36.6 million[11]
UK: 2.040 million[b][13]
GER: 1.750 million[b][14]
FRA: 1.9 million[b][15][16]
CAN: 2.780 million[b][17]
AUS: 1.022 million[b][18]
ITA: 130,000[b][20]
BRA: 100,000[21]
SPA: 300,000[b][40][58]
SWI: 125,000[b][25]
ARG: 150,000[b][28]
AUT: 100,000[b][32]

80 million[337]

George Michael
United Kingdom
1981–2016[338]
1984[338]
Pop[338]
7001457000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 45.7 million [show]

US: 19.8 million[11]
JPN: 300,000[b][12]
UK: 12.850 million[13]
GER: 2.4 million[14]
FRA: 3.217 million[15][16][53]
CAN: 1.770 million[17]
AUS: 2.205 million[b][18][19]
BRA: 350,000[b][21]
SWE: 310,000[b][22]
SPA: 850,000[23][24][40][41][58]
SWI: 335,000[b][25]
BEL: 215,000[b][26][27]
ARG: 118,000[28][29]
DEN: 380,000[59][61][69][339]
AUT: 140,000[b][32]
POL: 340,000[b][33]
NZ: 140,000[34][35]

80 million[340]

Reba McEntire
United States
1975–present[341]
1987[341]
Country / Country Pop[341]
7001427000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 42.7 million [show]

US: 41.9 million[11]
CAN: 850,000[17]

80 million[342]

Meat Loaf
United States
1968–present[343]
1977[343]
Rock / Hard rock[343]
7001415000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 41.5 million [show]

US: 23.6 million[11]
UK: 9.665 million[13]
GER: 2.350 million[14]
CAN: 3.260 million[17]
AUS: 2.382 million[b][18][19]
SWE: 100,000[b][22]
SWI: 115,000[b][25]
AUT: 100,000[b][32]

80 million[344]

Tom Petty
United States
1976–2017[345]
1977[345]
Rock[345]
7001346000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 34.6 million [show]

US: 31.250 million[11]
UK: 1 million[13]
GER: 500,000[14]
CAN: 1.7 million[17]
SWE: 200,000[b][22]

80 million[346]

Johnny Hallyday
France
1957–2017[347]
1960[347]
Rock / Pop[347]
7001247000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 24.7 million [show]

FRA: 24.035 million[b][15][16][53][83][348]
SWI: 268,000[b][25]
BEL: 430,000[b][26][27]

80 million[349]

text: 75 million to 79 million records

text:
Journey

The Black Eyed Peas

Maroon 5

Kenny G

Usher

Tupac Shakur

Robbie Williams

text:
Artist
Country / Market
Period active
Release-year of first charted record
Genre
Total certified units
(from available markets)[b]
Claimed sales

The Black Eyed Peas
United States
1995–present[350]
1998[350]
Hip-hop / R&B / Dance[350]
7001556000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 55.6 million [show]

US: 29.4 million[11]
JPN: 1.250 million[12][52]
UK: 10.8 million[13]
GER: 2.250 million[14]
FRA: 2.650 million[16]
CAN: 2.7 million[17]
AUS: 3.270 million[18]
ITA: 365,000[b][20]
BRA: 255,000[21]
SWE: 300,000[22][57]
SPA: 460,000[b][23]
MEX: 390,000[b][42]
SWI: 460,000[25]
BEL: 460,000[27]
DEN: 161,000[b][61][69][101][351][351][352]
IRE: 135,000[b][102]
NZ: 340,000[34][35]

76 million[353]

Journey
United States
1973–present[354]
1975[354]
Rock / Soft rock[354]
7001620000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 62 million [show]

US: 59.7 million[11]
JPN: 300,000[b][12][355]
UK: 1.360 million[13]
CAN: 725,000[17]

75 million[356]

Maroon 5
United States
1994–present[357]
2002[357]
Pop rock / Funk rock / Dance-pop[357]
7001583000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 58.3 million [show]

US: 33.2 million[11]
JPN: 1.750[12][52]
UK: 9.160 million[13]
GER: 1.150[14]
FRA: 675,000[16]
CAN: 3.525 million[17]
AUS: 2.835 million[18]
ITA: 685,000[b][20]
BRA: 380,000[21]
SWE: 650,000[22][57]
SPA: 210,000[b][23]
MEX: 3.365[42]
DEN: 462,500[b][61][60][59]
NZ: 300,000[34]

75 million[358]

Kenny G
United States
1982–present[359]
1984[359]
Smooth jazz[359]
7001519000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 51.9 million [show]

US: 48.1 million[11]
JPN: 700,000[b][12]
UK: 360,000[13]
CAN: 950,000[17]
BRA: 1.350 million[b][21]
SPA: 450,000[24][41]

75 million[360]

Usher
United States
1991–present[361]
1994[361]
R&B / Pop[361]
7001514000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 51.4 million [show]

US: 37.435 million[11]
JPN: 750,000 [12][52]
UK: 8.125 million[13]
GER: 1.150[14]
FRA: 210,000[16]
CAN: 1.190 million[17]
AUS: 2.112 million[18]
SWE: 105,000[22][57]
SWI: 170,000[25]
DEN: 117,500[b][61][60]
NZ: 150,000[34]

75 million[362]

Tupac Shakur
United States
1991–1996[363]
1991[363]
Hip hop[363]
7001513000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 51.3 million [show]

US: 46.2 million[11]
UK: 3.435 million[13]
GER: 500,000[14]
CAN: 820,000[17]
AUS: 395,000[18]

75 million[364]

Robbie Williams
United Kingdom
1990–present[365]
1996[365]
Pop rock[365]
7001505000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 50.5 million [show]

US: 500,000[11]
UK: 27.350 million[13]
GER: 9.475 million[14]
FRA: 2.695 million[16][53]
CAN: 250,000[17]
AUS: 2.905 million[18]
ITA: 385,000[b][20]
SWE: 445,000[22][57]
SPA: 440,000[b][23][58]
MEX: 1.595 million[b][42]
SWI: 983,000[25]
BEL: 600,000[26][27]
ARG: 462,000[28][29]
DEN: 631,500[b][59][60][61][69][77]
AUT: 917,500[32]
POL: 140,000[33]
FIN: 235,743[47]
IRE: 135,000[b][102]
NZ: 445,000[34]

75 million[366]

Enya
Ireland
1982–present[367]
1987[367]
New-age / Celtic[367]
7001500000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 50 million [show]

US: 26.5 million[11]
JPN: 4.6 million[b][12]
UK: 5.250 million[13]
GER: 4.2 million[14]
FRA: 775,000[15][16]
CAN: 1.540 million[17]
AUS: 1.505[b][18][19]
BRA: 1.650 million[b][21]
SWE: 390,000[22]
SPA: 1.760 million[23][41]
MEX: 125,000[b][42]
SWI: 370,000[b][25]
BEL: 460,000[b][27]
ARG: 390,000[28]
DEN: 100,000[b][30][368][369][370]
AUT: 185,000[b][32]
POL: 120,000[b][33]
NZ: 135,000[34]

75 million[371]

Alabama
United States
1972–present[372]
1980[372]
Country / Pop rock[372]
7001480000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 48 million [show]

US: 46.8 million[11]
CAN: 1.2 million[17]

75 million[373]

Nirvana
United States
1987–1994[374]
1989[374]
Grunge / Alternative rock[374]
7001457000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 45.7 million [show]

US: 26.5 million[11]
JPN: 1.3 million[b][12]
UK: 5.770 million[13]
GER: 1.250 million[14]
FRA: 2.5 million[15][16]
CAN: 2.970 million[17]
AUS: 1.257[b][18][203][375]
ITA: 375,000[b][20]
BRA: 725,000[b][21]
SWE: 380,000[22]
SPA: 450,000[23][24][41]
MEX: 475,000[b][42]
SWI: 190,000[25]
BEL: 350,000[b][26][27]
ARG: 522,000[28][29]
AUT: 230,000[b][32]
POL: 300,000[b][33]
NZ: 215,000[34][35]

75 million[376]

Bryan Adams
Canada
1979–present[377]
1979[377]
Rock[377]
7001446000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 44.6 million [show]

US: 21 million[11]
JPN: 600,000[b][12]
UK: 8.675 million[13]
GER: 3.850 million[14]
FRA: 650,000[15][16][53]
CAN: 5.120 million[17]
AUS: 2.010 million[b][18][378]
BRA: 100,000[b][21]
SWE: 440,000[b][22]
SPA: 450,000 [b][24][41][58]
SWI: 805,000[b][25]
BEL: 250,000[b][26][27]
DEN: 105,000[b][60][61]
AUT: 375,000[b][32]
FIN: 183,444[47]

75 million[379]

Bob Marley
Jamaica
1962–1981[380]
1975[380]
Reggae[380]
7001389000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 38.9 million [show]

US: 21.850 million[11]
JPN: 200,000[b][12]
UK: 7.4 million[13]
GER: 1.750 million[14]
FRA: 4.735 million[16]
CAN: 600,000[17]
AUS: 350,000[381][382]
ITA: 250,000[b][20]
SWE: 120,000[b][22]
SPA: 450,000[b][24][40][41][58]
SWI: 303,000[b][25]
ARG: 376,000[b][28][29]
AUT: 125,000[b][32]
NZ: 427,500[b][34][35]

75 million[383]

The Police
United Kingdom
1977–1986
2007–2008[384]
1978[384]
Pop / Rock[384]
7001388009999900000♠

Total available certified units: 38.8 million [show]

US: 23.150 million[11]
JPN: 100,000[b][12]
UK: 8.160 million[13]
GER: 1.775 million[14]
FRA: 3.340 million[15][16][53]
CAN: 875,000[17]
AUS: 407,500[b][18]
ITA: 100,000[b][20]
BRA: 140,000[b][21]
SPA: 300,000[b][24][40]
MEX: 100,000[b][42]
BEL: 115,000[b][385][386][387]
ARG: 228,000[b][28][29]

75 million[388]

Barry Manilow
United States
1973–present[389]
1973[389]
Pop / Soft rock[389]
7001365000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 36.5 million [show]

US: 33.3 million[11]
UK: 2.825 million[13]
CAN: 400,000[b][17]

75 million[390]

Kiss
United States
1972–present[391]
1974[391]
Hard rock / Heavy metal[391]
7001278000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 27.8 million [show]

US: 26 million[11]
CAN: 1.495 million[b][17]
UK: 100,000[13]
AUS: 130,000[b][18]
ARG: 112,000[b][392]

75 million[393]

Aretha Franklin
United States
1956–present[394]
1961[394]
Soul / Jazz / Blues / R&B[394]
7001247000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 24.7 million [show]

US: 23.5 million[11]
UK: 840,000[b][13]
FRA: 275,000[b][15][16]
CAN: 150,000[b][17]

75 million[395]