document_title: NBA playoffs

question_text: when did nba change to best of 7

question_tokens: when did nba change to best of 7

root

text: NBA playoffs

text: Format[edit]

text: In September 2015, the NBA announced changes to the formula used to determine the format of the 2016 NBA Playoffs. The top eight teams in each conference (East and West), ranked in order by win-loss records, qualify for the playoffs. The tie-break criteria for playoff seeding and home-court advantage have also changed; head-to-head results between the tied teams is the first tie-breaker, and whether a team won its division championship is the second tie-breaker.[1]

tag: p

text: These seedings are used to create a bracket that determines the match-ups throughout the series. Once the playoffs start, the bracket is fixed; teams are never "reseeded", unlike in the National Football League (NFL) and Major League Soccer (MLS) where the strongest remaining teams face the weakest teams in subsequent rounds. The first round of the NBA playoffs, or conference quarterfinals, consists of four match-ups in each conference based on the seedings (1–8, 2–7, 3–6, and 4–5). The four winners advance to the second round, or conference semifinals, with a match-up between the 1–8 and 4–5 winners and a match-up between the 2–7 and 3–6 winners. The two winners advance to the third round, or conference finals. The winner from each conference will advance to the final round, or the NBA Finals.

text: All rounds are best-of-seven series. Series are played in a 2–2–1–1–1 format, meaning the team with home-court advantage hosts games 1, 2, 5, and 7, while their opponent hosts games 3, 4, and 6, with games 5–7 being played if needed. This format has been used since 2014, after NBA team owners unanimously voted to the change away from a 2–3–2 format on October 23, 2013.[2]

text:
First Round

Conference Semifinals

Conference Finals

NBA Finals

E1
Indiana*
4

E8
Boston
0

E1
Indiana*
4

E4
Miami
2

E4
Miami
4

E5
New Orleans
3

E1
Indiana*
2

Eastern Conference

E3
Detroit
4

E3
Detroit
4

E6
Milwaukee
1

E3
Detroit
4

E2
New Jersey*
3

E2
New Jersey*
4

E7
New York
0

E3
Detroit
4

W2
LA Lakers*
1

W1
Minnesota*
4

W8
Denver
1

W1
Minnesota*
4

W4
Sacramento
3

W4
Sacramento
4

W5
Dallas
1

W1
Minnesota*
2

Western Conference

W2
LA Lakers*
4

W3
San Antonio
4

W6
Memphis
0

W3
San Antonio
2

W2
LA Lakers*
4

W2
LA Lakers*
4

W7
Houston
1

text:
* Division winner
Bold Series winner
Italic Team with home-court advantage

text:
view
talk
edit

tag: ul

text: The most common criticism of the current structure is related to parity of conferences. On numerous occasions, Eastern Conference teams with losing records qualified for the playoffs, while Western Conference teams with winning records ended up missing them, including the 2011, 2013 and the 2015 NBA Playoffs.

text: History[edit]

text: The National Basketball Association was established in 1949 by merger of the Basketball Association of America (BAA) and National Basketball League but it recognizes the three BAA seasons as part of its own history. In all of its three years the BAA champion was finally determined in a best-of-seven series but its first two tournaments, the 1947 and 1948 BAA Playoffs, were otherwise quite different from the third, which 21st-century NBA playoffs nearly match. In 1947 and 1948, the Eastern and Western Division champions were matched in a best-of-seven series following the regular season, whose winner advanced to the championship round. Meanwhile, four runners-up played best-of-three series to determine the other finalist: the two second-place teams were matched in one short series and the two third-place teams in another; the winners of those two series played another one. In 1947 the Philadelphia Warriors won the runners-up bracket and beat the Western champion Chicago Stags four games to one, which the NBA recognizes as its first championship; in 1948 Baltimore won the runners-up and beat Eastern champion Philadelphia in the final. Both tournaments generated one finalist from the Eastern and one from the Western Division, but only by chance.[3]

text: In 1949 the third and last BAA tournament matched Eastern teams exclusively and Western teams exclusively, necessarily generating Eastern and Western playoff champions to meet in the final. At the same time, the number of playoff teams was increased from three to four from each Division; two rounds of best-of-three series were played, followed by a best-of-seven championship. The main idea was retained by the NBA. Even the 1950 tournament, following a transitional season with three divisions rather than two, initially determined one playoff champion from each division. The Central champion Minneapolis Lakers became the first league champion under the NBA name by defeating Anderson from the West in a best-of-three, with Syracuse from the East idle, and then knocking off the Syracuse Nationals in six games.[4]

text: The 1951 through 1953 playoffs changed the division finals into a best-of-five playoff. With only nine league members in 1953–54, the NBA cut its postseason tournament field from eight teams to six (from 1954 through 1966, the period of eight to nine league members). Round robins were played in 1954, uniquely in NBA history—a three-team round robin among the three playoff teams in each division. From 1955 to 1966, the first-place team in each division was idle while its two runners-up faced played a best-of-three. Division finals were expanded to best-of-seven in 1958 and division semifinals to best-of-five in 1961.

text: With ten league members again for the 1966–67 season, eight teams were again admitted to the tournament, providing a simple three-round knockout (8-team bracket). A year later, the division semifinals were changed to best-of-seven playoff. Then, in 1975 and 1977, respectively, a fifth and sixth team were added to each Division, necessitating an additional first round of best-of-three series.

text: Finally in 1984, the tournament expanded to its present 16-team, four-round knockout, and the now-complete set of first-round series were expanded to a best-of-five. In 2003 the first round was changed to also be best-of-seven. (Thus all playoff teams from 2003 to present, same as the two Division champions in 1947 and 1948, continue to play at the close of the regular season without idle team ("bye") and may be certain of four playoff games including two at home.)

text: Beginning with the 2004 season, with the addition of the thirtieth NBA franchise, the Charlotte Bobcats, the NBA realigned its divisions. The result was that each conference would have three divisions of five teams each, and the winner of each division was guaranteed a top-three playoff seed. This would change slightly after the 2005–06 season; while division winners still receive automatic playoff berths, they are guaranteed a top-four seed, as described above.

text: 2006 NBA playoffs controversy[edit]

text: The previous playoff format, in place for the 2004–05 and 2005–06 NBA playoffs, after the NBA was re-aligned into six divisions, created controversy during the 2005–06 season and playoffs, and would be changed prior to the 2006–07 NBA season.[5]

text: Prior to 2005, NBA division champions were seeded higher than the other teams in their conference, regardless of their record. Prior to 2004, when the NBA was aligned into two conferences with two divisions each, the division champions were guaranteed the top two seeds. This meant that top two teams in a conference (by record) would be seeded either first and second (if they were in opposite divisions) or first and third (if they were in the same division). Because of the NBA playoffs' preset matchups in the second round, this meant that the top two teams in a conference could never meet until the conference finals, assuming they both made it to that round.

text: After the NBA realigned its two conferences into three divisions each, the seeding rules remained largely unchanged. The top three seeds would now be reserved for division champions. However, this meant that if the top two teams (by record) in a conference were in the same division, they would be seeded first and fourth. Assuming no first-round upsets, this raised the prospect that the top two teams in the conference would face each other in the conference semifinals, instead of the conference finals.

text: In the second year of this format, the 2005–06 NBA season, the two teams with the best records in the Western Conference, the San Antonio Spurs and Dallas Mavericks of the Southwest Division, did just that. The Mavericks had the second-best record in the Western Conference and the third-best record in the entire league, behind the Detroit Pistons and San Antonio. However, they were seeded fourth because they finished second in the Southwest behind the Spurs. This turn of events led to the playoff format being criticized by many. Besides the prospect of a team losing earlier in the playoffs than its regular-season record or seeding would suggest, critics claimed that it also created an unfair advantage for teams in the 2-7/3-6 half of the Western Conference playoff bracket, who could advance to the conference finals without playing either of the two best teams in the conference in an earlier round.

text: The Phoenix Suns, winners of the Pacific Division and possessors of the third best record, were seeded second, while the Denver Nuggets, winners of the Northwest Division and tied for only the seventh-best record in the conference, were seeded third.

text: The Memphis Grizzlies and Los Angeles Clippers met in the second-to-last game of the regular season, after the top four seeds had been clinched. The two teams were already determined to be the fifth and sixth seeds, and had only to determine which rank higher. The fifth seed would likely need to defeat the best two teams in the conference without home-court advantage to advance to the conference finals, as it would face fourth-seeded Dallas in the first round and likely face first-seeded San Antonio if it managed to defeat Dallas. The sixth seed would play third-seeded Denver in the first round, but would have home-court advantage (since the Grizzlies had the fourth-best record in the conference and the Clippers had the fifth-best), and would not have to face either San Antonio or Dallas until the conference finals at the earliest.

text: This led to speculation about whether the Grizzlies or the Clippers would have much commitment to winning their match-up in the second-to-last game of the season, since it was clearly most advantageous to lose the game in order to obtain the 6th seed. The Clippers eventually lost to Memphis without much evidence to support the speculation that the Clippers had lost intentionally.[6] In the first round of the playoffs, the Clippers defeated the Nuggets in five games, while Memphis was swept by Dallas. Ultimately, Dallas and San Antonio did meet in the second round, with Dallas winning in seven games and advancing all the way to the NBA finals.

text: Timeline[edit]

text: 1947: The playoffs were instituted with a three-stage tournament, similar to the Stanley Cup playoffs of the 1930s; the two first-place teams qualified directly to one semifinal where they played each other in a best-of-7 series. Teams finishing second & third qualified for the best-of-3 quarterfinals, where the two second-placed teams were paired in one quarterfinal, as were the two third-placed teams, and the two quarterfinal winners played each other in a best-of-three semifinal. The two semifinal winners played each other in the Basketball Association of America (BAA) best-of-7 final series.

text:
Quarterfinals
Best-of-3

Semifinals
Best-of-3 (one series)
Best-of-7 (one series)

BAA finals
Best-of-7

E3

W3

E3

E2

W2

E2

E2

W1

W1

E1

text: There were no byes, or idle time, for the division champions – as there would be for higher-seeded playoff teams 1955–66 and 1975–83. All six 1947 participants played their first tournament games on Wednesday, April 2; in 1948 the two Eastern runners-up (E2, E3 in the figure) were idle for a few days only because there was a three-way Western tie to break. Both winners of the runners-up bracket, Philadelphia in 1947 and Baltimore in 1948, reached the final series having played fewer tournament games than their final opponents, Chicago in 1947 and Philadelphia in 1948, had played in the best-of-7 pairings of division champions. And both winners of the runners-up bracket won the final series. The "postseason" actually comprised 11 games played in a span of 21 days for the 1947 Chicago Stags and 13 games in 30 days for 1948 Philadelphia Warriors, the finalists who emerged from the pairing of division champions.[3]

text: 1949: The playoffs were reorganized to match Eastern Division teams exclusively, and Western Division teams exclusively – in two halves of the bracket, so to speak. Thus the BAA tournament generated a playoff champion in each Division. (So did the NBA in each of three 1950 divisions, and so it has done in each half of the league since then.) The top four teams from each of the two divisions qualified. The quarterfinals and semifinals were renamed division semifinals and division finals, respectively, and both rounds were best-of-3. Thus any playoff team might be eliminated in two games, one home game. The best-of-7 final was unchanged.

text:
Division semifinals
Best-of-3

Division finals
Best-of-3

BAA finals
Best-of-7

E1

E4

E1

Eastern Division

E2

E2

E3

E1

W2

W1

W4

W1

Western Division

W2

W2

W3

text:
1950: The BAA was renamed as the National Basketball Association (NBA). With a three-division setup, 12 teams now qualified for the playoffs, with the top four teams from each division meeting in the best-of-3 division semifinals. The winners met in the best-of-3 division finals. With three teams remaining, the surviving team with the best regular season record qualified directly for the finals while the other two teams met in a best-of-3 NBA semifinals.
1951: With the NBA reverting to a two-division setup; the division semifinals reverted to its original 1949 format with only eight teams qualifying. The division finals was extended to a best-of-5 format.

text:
Division semifinals
Best-of-3

Division finals
Best-of-5

NBA finals
Best-of-7

E1

E4

E4

Eastern Division

E2

E2

E3

E2

W3

W1

W4

W1

Western Division

W3

W2

W3

text:
1954: With only nine league members (soon to be eight), the number of playoff teams was cut down to six. The division semifinals was changed to a double round-robin format within the division, with the top three teams from each division qualifying (each team played four games). Following the round-robin games, the top two teams qualified for the best-of-three division finals, followed by the best-of-seven finals.
1955: The number of playoff teams remained at six, but the initial round-robin was dropped after one year in favor of giving the first-place team in each division a bye to the best-of-five division finals. Teams which placed second and third played a best-of-three division semifinal. In 1955 the byes provided five and six extra days idle for the first-place teams.[7]
1958: The division finals was extended to a best-of-seven format.
1961: The division semifinals were extended to a best-of-five format.

text:
Division semifinals
Best-of-3 (1955–1960),
Best-of-5 (1961–1966)

Division finals
Best-of-5 (1955–1957),
Best-of-7 (1958–1966)

NBA finals
Best-of-7

E1

Eastern Division

E3

E2

E3

E3

W1

W1

Western Division

W2

W2

W3

text: The 1961 to 1966 tournaments alone combined initial byes for seeded teams with best-of-five initial series for unseeded teams. The 1961 byes provided five and seven extra days idle for the first-place teams. By 1966 the schedule provided more rest for the first-round participants with byes of 11 and eight extra days idle.[8]

text:
1967: The number of playoff teams was expanded to eight once more. The division semifinals now included the fourth-best team in each conference. The first-placed teams no longer received a bye. They were matched against the fourth-placed teams in the best-of-5 division semifinals.
1968: The division semifinals was extended to a best-of-seven format.

text:
Division semifinals
Best-of-5 (1967),
Best-of-7 (1968–1970)

Division finals
Best-of-7 (1968–1970)

NBA finals
Best-of-7

E1

E4

Eastern Division

E2

E3

W1

W4

Western Division

W2

W3

text: 1970: With an increased number of teams, the divisions were upgraded into conferences, which were then split into two divisions. Eight teams still qualified, four from each conference. The two division winners were guaranteed at least a #2 seed, and the two best non-division winners from each conference qualified as third and fourth seeds. Hence, the division semifinals and division finals came to be known as conference semifinals and conference finals, respectively.

text:
Conference semifinals
Best-of-7

Conference finals
Best-of-7

NBA finals
Best-of-7

E1*

E4

Eastern Conference

E2*

E3

W1*

W4

Western Conference

W2*

W3

text: 1975: The number of playoff teams was expanded from eight to ten. A first round was introduced which matched the fourth and fifth seeds in each conference in a best-of-3 first round series, while the top three seeds received a bye. This is similar to the system used in the NFL from 1978 to 1989.

text:
First Round
Best-of-3

Conference semifinals
Best-of-7

Conference finals
Best-of-7

NBA finals
Best-of-7

E1*

E4

E4

E5

Eastern Conference

E2*

E3

W1*

W4

W4

W5

Western Conference

W2*

W3

text: 1977: The number of playoff teams was expanded from 10 to 12. The first round now included the sixth best team in each conference, which was matched against the third seed. Only the division winners received byes to the next round. This is similar to the format currently used by the NFL.

text:
First Round
Best-of-3

Conference semifinals
Best-of-7

Conference finals
Best-of-7

NBA finals
Best-of-7

E1*

E4

E5

Eastern Conference

E3

E6

E2*

W1*

W4

W5

Western Conference

W3

W6

W2*

text: The 1983 tournament is the latest to incorporate first-round byes for seeded teams. The first-round best-of-three series tapped off on Tuesday and Wednesday, April 19 and 20; the second-round best-of-sevens on Sunday to the following Wednesday, April 27. Counting from Tuesday the byes provided five to eight extra days idle.[9]

text: 1984: The playoffs were expanded from 12 teams to 16 teams. All teams now participated in the first round, which was extended to a best-of-five series.

text:
Conference quarterfinals
Best-of-5

Conference semifinals
Best-of-7

Conference finals
Best-of-7

NBA finals
Best-of-7

E1*

E8

E4

E5

Eastern Conference

E3

E6

E2*

E7

W1*

W8

W4

W5

Western Conference

W3

W6

W2*

W7

text: 2003: The first round was extended to a best-of-seven series. This change arguably benefitted the higher seeds as it reduced the likelihood of an upset by a lower seed. It also meant that a team that swept their series 4–0 might have to wait up to two weeks to play their next series against a team that had won 4–3.

text:
Conference quarterfinals
Best-of-7

Conference semifinals
Best-of-7

Conference finals
Best-of-7

NBA finals
Best-of-7

E1*

E8

E4

E5

Eastern Conference

E3

E6

E2*

E7

W1*

W8

W4

W5

Western Conference

W3

W6

W2*

W7

text: 2005: Each conference was realigned into three divisions with each division winner qualifying for a top-three seed regardless of record. The next best five teams from each conference also qualify for the playoffs.

text:
Conference quarterfinals
Best-of-7

Conference semifinals
Best-of-7

Conference finals
Best-of-7

NBA finals
Best-of-7

E1*

E8

E4

E5

Eastern Conference

E3*

E6

E2*

E7

W1*

W8

W4

W5

Western Conference

W3*

W6

W2*

W7

text:
2007: To address the criticisms of having each division champion guaranteed a top-three seed, regardless of record, the rules were changed such that the division winners are now only guaranteed a top-four seed. The team with the second-best record in the conference is now guaranteed the second seed, even if it finishes second in its own division. This ensures that the two best teams in the conference cannot meet until the conference finals at the earliest. The previous system raised the prospect of the two best teams in the conference being seeded 1 and 4 if they play in the same division, thus forcing them to play each other in the second round (given no upsets).

Note: In the example below, the East's #2 seed is not a division champion.

text:
Conference quarterfinals
Best-of-7

Conference semifinals
Best-of-7

Conference finals
Best-of-7

NBA finals
Best-of-7

E1*

E8

E5

E4*

Eastern Conference

E3*

E6

E2

E7

W1*

W8

W5

W4

Western Conference

W3*

W6

W2*

W7

text: 2016: While the playoff bracketing did not change, qualification criteria were changed. The teams with the eight best records in each conference receive playoff berths, with no automatic berths nor guaranteed top-four seed placement for division champions.

text: Team roster[edit]

text: Playoff teams must identify their postseason roster before the playoffs begin. They are allowed up to 15 players and can designate two as inactive for each game.[10] Players are eligible to be on a team's playoff roster provided they were on the team for at least one regular season game, and were not on another NBA team's roster after March 1.[11] Previously, playoff rosters were limited to 12 players who were named before the playoffs began.[10]

text: Records and statistics[edit]

text:
Only five 8th seeded teams have managed to win a series versus the number 1 seeded team: The Denver Nuggets eliminated the Seattle SuperSonics 3–2 in 1994. The New York Knicks eliminated the Miami Heat 3–2 in 1999. The Golden State Warriors defeated the Dallas Mavericks 4–2 in the 2007 Western Conference First Round (becoming the first 8 seed to beat a 1 seed in the best of 7 format). In 2011, the Memphis Grizzlies beat the San Antonio Spurs, 4–2 and in 2012, the Philadelphia 76ers beat the Chicago Bulls 4–2.
The 1999 Knicks are the only 8th seeded team ever to reach the NBA finals. No 8th seeded team has won the NBA finals yet.
The 1956–57 St. Louis Hawks, 1958–59 Minneapolis Lakers and the 1980–81 Houston Rockets are the only teams with losing records (34-38, 33–39 and 40–42, respectively) to make it to the NBA finals. In 1981 the Houston Rockets' opponent in the Western Conference Finals, the Kansas City Kings, also had a losing record (40–42).
The 1994–95 Houston Rockets, a sixth seed with a record of 47–35, were the lowest seeded team to win the NBA finals. In the NBA finals, the Rockets swept the Orlando Magic (57–25) in four games. In doing so, the Rockets defeated four teams that had won 50 or more games during the regular season (Utah Jazz at 60–22, Phoenix Suns at 59–23, San Antonio Spurs at 62–20 and Orlando at 57–25), which had never been done before. They are also the only team to have won an NBA title without having home-court advantage at all.
The Golden State Warriors own the longest NBA playoff winning streak for a single postseason with 15 straight wins in the 2017 playoffs.
Of all the teams with multiple NBA finals appearances, the Chicago Bulls are the only team to have never lost in the finals, winning 6.
The Boston Celtics possess the most overall NBA finals series wins with an overall record of 17–4. The Los Angeles/Minneapolis Lakers have played in the most NBA finals series (31) with an overall record of 16–15.
The longest playoff appearance streak currently belongs to the San Antonio Spurs with 20 consecutive appearances in the playoffs, beginning in the 1997–98 NBA season.The longest ever streak of playoffs appearances in a row belongs to the Syracuse Nationals/Philadelphia 76ers, who made the playoffs 22 straight years from the 1949–50 season to the 1970–71 season, while the longest playoff appearance streak in one city belonged to the Portland Trail Blazers, who made it for 21 straight years, from the 1982–83 to the 2002–03 seasons.
In 1999, under the best of 5-7-7-7 system, the team with the best postseason record to win the NBA Championship was San Antonio Spurs with a record of 14-2, having only lost one game each in round 1 and the Finals. It was surpassed by Los Angeles Lakers in 2001, having only lost in Game 1 of the Finals against Philadelphia 76ers.
In 2017, under the best of 7-7-7-7 system, the Golden State Warriors attained the best record of 16-1, losing only once to the Cleveland Cavaliers in the Finals.
In 2017, under the best of 7-7-7-7 system, the Golden State Warriors and the Cleveland Cavaliers came into the NBA Finals with a combined record of 24-1, with the Cavaliers losing only once to the Boston Celtics in the Eastern Conference Finals.

text: Playoff appearances[edit]

text: Current as of 2017 NBA Playoffs

text: Appearances by active teams[edit]

text:
Team
Appearances[12]

Los Angeles Lakers
60 [A]

Boston Celtics
54

Philadelphia 76ers
47 [B]

Atlanta Hawks
46 [C]

Detroit Pistons
41 [D]

New York Knicks
41

San Antonio Spurs
37 [E]

Chicago Bulls
35

Golden State Warriors
33 [F]

Portland Trail Blazers
33

Houston Rockets
31 [G]

Milwaukee Bucks
29

Oklahoma City Thunder
29 [H]

Phoenix Suns
29

Sacramento Kings
29 [I]

Washington Wizards
28 [J]

Utah Jazz
26 [K]

Denver Nuggets
24 [E]

Indiana Pacers
24 [E]

Cleveland Cavaliers
21

Dallas Mavericks
21

Brooklyn Nets
19 [E][L]

Miami Heat
19

Orlando Magic
14

Los Angeles Clippers
13 [M]

Charlotte Hornets
10 [N]

Memphis Grizzlies
10 [O]

Toronto Raptors
9

Minnesota Timberwolves
8

New Orleans Pelicans
6 [N]

text:
Jump up ^ Includes appearances as the Minneapolis Lakers (1947–1960).
Jump up ^ Includes appearances as the Syracuse Nationals (1946–1963).
Jump up ^ Includes appearances as the Tri-Cities Blackhawks (1946–1951), the Milwaukee Hawks (1951–1955), and the St. Louis Hawks (1955–1968).
Jump up ^ Includes appearances as the Fort Wayne Pistons (1949–1957).
^ Jump up to: a b c d Does not include appearances in the American Basketball Association (ABA) playoffs. Per the conditions of the ABA–NBA merger, the NBA does not officially recognize the ABA history, playoffs and records.
Jump up ^ Includes appearances as the Philadelphia Warriors (1946–1962) and the San Francisco Warriors (1962–1971).
Jump up ^ Includes appearances as the San Diego Rockets (1967–1971).
Jump up ^ As part of the 2008 relocation settlement with the City of Seattle, the Thunder officially shares its history with that of the Seattle SuperSonics (1967–2008).[13]
Jump up ^ Includes appearances as the Rochester Royals (1948–1957), the Cincinnati Royals (1957–1972), the Kansas City-Omaha Kings (1972–1975), and the Kansas City Kings (1975–1985).
Jump up ^ Includes appearances as the Chicago Packers (1961–1962), the Chicago Zephyrs (1962–1963), the Baltimore Bullets (1963–1973), the Capital Bullets (1973–1974), and the Washington Bullets (1974–1997).
Jump up ^ Includes appearances as the New Orleans Jazz (1974–1979).
Jump up ^ Includes appearances as the New Jersey Nets (1977–2012).
Jump up ^ Includes appearances as the Buffalo Braves (1970–1978) and the San Diego Clippers (1978–1984).
^ Jump up to: a b The New Orleans Pelicans were originally named the Charlotte Hornets, and moved to New Orleans in 2002. A new team, the Charlotte Bobcats, was then established in 2004. When the Charlotte team reclaimed the Hornets name in a 2014 agreement, the Charlotte team also reclaimed the history of the original Hornets; as such, the New Orleans Pelicans were established in 2002, and the Bobcats/Hornets rejoined the NBA in 2004.[14]
Jump up ^ Includes appearances as the Vancouver Grizzlies (1995–2001).

tag: ol


document_title: King tide

question_text: when do the highest tides of the year occur

text: King tide

text: This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (September 2012) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

tag: table

text: "King tide" is a colloquial term for an especially high spring tide, such as a perigean spring tide. "King tide" is not a scientific term, nor is it used in a scientific context. Use of the term "king tide" originated in Australia, New Zealand and other Pacific nations to refer to an especially high tide that occurs only a few times per year. The term has now come to be used in North America as well,[1] particularly in low-lying South Florida, where they cause sunny day tidal flooding.

text: Definition[edit]

text: King tides are simply the very highest tides. They are naturally occurring, predictable events.

text: Tides are the movement of water across Earth's surface caused by the combined effects of the gravitational forces exerted by the Moon, Sun, and the rotation of Earth which manifest in the local rise and fall of sea levels. Tides are driven by the relative positions of the Earth, Sun, Moon, land formations, and relative location on Earth. In the lunar month, the highest tides occur roughly every 14 days, at the new and full moons, when the gravitational pull of the Moon and the Sun are in alignment. These highest tides in the lunar cycle are called spring tides.

text: The proximity of the Moon in relation to Earth and Earth in relation to the Sun also has an effect on tidal ranges. The Moon moves around Earth in an elliptic orbit that takes about 29 days to complete. The gravitational force is greatest when the Moon is at perigee — closest to Earth — and least when it is at apogee — farthest from Earth — about two weeks after perigee. The Moon has a larger effect on the tides than the Sun, but the Sun’s position also has an influence on the tides. Earth moves around the Sun in an elliptic orbit that takes a little over 365 days to complete. Its gravitational force is greatest when the Earth is at perihelion — closest to the Sun in early January — and least when the Earth is at aphelion — farthest from the Sun in early July.

text: The king tides occur when the Earth, Moon and Sun are aligned at perigee and perihelion, resulting in the largest tidal range seen over the course of a year. So, tides are enhanced when the Earth is closest to the Sun around January 2 of each year. They are reduced when it is furthest from the Sun, around July 2. [2]

text: The predicted heights of a king tide can be further augmented by local weather patterns and ocean conditions.


document_title: The Day After Tomorrow

question_text: who played the president in the day after tomorrow

text: The Day After Tomorrow

text: Plot[edit]

text: Jack Hall, an American paleoclimatologist, and his colleagues Frank and Jason, drill for ice-core samples in the Larsen Ice Shelf for the NOAA, when the shelf breaks apart. Jack warns of global warming to a UN conference in New Delhi, but US Vice President Raymond Becker dismisses his concerns. Professor Terry Rapson of the Hedland Centre in Scotland shares Jack’s views of an inevitable climate shift and they become friends. Several buoys in the Atlantic Ocean show a severe ocean temperature drop, leading Rapson to conclude Jack’s theories are correct. Jack and Rapson’s teams, along with NASA meteorologist Janet Tokada, build a forecast model based on Jack’s research.

text: Eventually, a storm system develops in the northern hemisphere, splitting into three superstorms above Canada, Scotland, and Siberia. The gigantic "hurricanes" pull frozen air from the upper troposphere into their center, sending air temperature there below -150 degrees Fahrenheit. The subzero temperatures of the superstorms' eyes cause flash freezing. Meanwhile, the weather becomes increasingly bad around the world, Tokyo is struck by a giant hail storm and Los Angeles and Hollywood are devastated by a tornado outbreak.

text: In New York, Jack’s son Sam, and his friends Brian, J.D., and Laura Chapman participate in an academic decathlon. The city begins to fill with rain, with a huge storm surge after, getting Sam’s group stuck in the New York Public Library. Sam contacts Jack and his mother Lucy, a doctor, Jack advising him to stay inside, and promises to rescue him. Rapson and his team perish in the European storm, while Lucy remains in a hospital caring for bed-ridden children, until saved by the authorities.

text: Upon Jack’s suggestion, US President Blake orders the southern states to be evacuated into Mexico, the northern half doomed to be hit by the superstorm. Blake is caught in it and dies, making Becker the new President. Jack, Jason, and Frank make their way into New York, but Frank falls through the skylight of a mall, cutting his rope to prevent his friends from falling in after him. In the library, most survivors decide to head south against Sam’s warnings, and later freeze to death. Sam, his friends, and other likeminded survivors remain inside, burning books to stay warm.

text: Laura, wounded during the flooding, develops blood poisoning from her injury. Sam, Brian, and J.D. search a Ukrainian cargo vessel "Odessa", that drifted into the city, for penicillin. They encounter a pack of wolves which escaped from Central Park Zoo. The eye of the North American storm arrives, freezing Manhattan, but Sam’s group escape into the library just in time. Jack and Jason also survive it. Days later, the superstorms dissipate. Jack and Jason reach the library, discovering Sam and the others have survived.

text: Becker, in his first address as President, apologises on television for his ignorance, vowing to send helicopters to rescue survivors in the northern states. Jack and Sam’s group are picked up in Manhattan, where many people have survived. On the International Space Station, astronauts look down in awe at the frozen Earth, now free of pollution.

text: Cast[edit]

text:
Dennis Quaid as Professor Jack Hall
Jake Gyllenhaal as Sam Hall
Sela Ward as Dr. Lucy Hall
Emmy Rossum as Laura Chapman
Ian Holm as Professor Terry Rapson
Austin Nichols as J.D.
Adrian Lester as Simon
Christopher Britton as Vorsteen
Arjay Smith as Brian Parks
Dash Mihok as Jason Evans
Jay O. Sanders as Frank Harris
Sasha Roiz as Parker
Perry King as President Blake
Kenneth Welsh as Vice President/President Raymond Becker
Tamlyn Tomita as Janet Tokada
Glenn Plummer as Luther
Amy Sloan as Elsa
Sheila McCarthy as Judith
Nestor Serrano as Tom Gomez
Christian Tessier as Aaron

text: Production[edit]

text: This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (March 2015) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

text: The Day After Tomorrow was inspired by Coast to Coast AM talk-radio host Art Bell and Whitley Strieber's book, The Coming Global Superstorm,[3] and Strieber wrote the film's novelization. Arnold Federbush's 1978 novel, Ice!, and Douglas Orgill and John Gribbin's The Sixth Winter (published in 1979) have similar themes.[citation needed] Before and during the film's release, members of environmental and political advocacy groups distributed pamphlets to moviegoers describing the possible effects of global warming.[citation needed] Although the film depicts effects of global warming predicted by scientists (such as rising sea levels, more destructive storms, and disruption of ocean currents and weather patterns), it depicts their occurrence more rapidly and severely than what is considered scientifically plausible; the theory that a superstorm could create rapid worldwide climate change does not appear in the scientific literature.[citation needed]

text: To choose a studio, writer Michael Wimer created an auction. A copy of the script was sent to all major studios along with a term sheet. They had 24 hours to decide whether to produce the movie with Roland Emmerich directing. Fox Studios was the only studio to accept the terms.[4]

text: Visual effects[edit]

text: The Day After Tomorrow is widely-known for its special effects and CGI. The movie features 416 visual effects shots, with nine effects houses, notably Industrial Light & Magic and Digital Domain, and over 1,000 artists working on the film for over a year.[5] Although a miniature set was initially considered according to the behind-the-scenes documentary, for the destruction of New York sequence effects artists instead utilized a 13 block-sized 3D model of Manhattan which was then textured with over 50,000 scanned photographs;[6] due to its overall complexity and a tight schedule, the storm surge scene required as many as three special effects vendors for certain shots.[7]

text: Reception[edit]

text: Box office[edit]

text: The film ranked #2 at the box office (behind Shrek 2) over its four-day Memorial Day opening, grossing $85,807,341. led the per-theater average, with a four-day average of $25,053 (compared to Shrek 2's four-day average of $22,633). At the end of its theatrical run, the film grossed $186,740,799 domestically and $544,272,402 worldwide. It was the second-highest opening-weekend film not to lead at the box office; Inside Out surpassed it in June 2015.[1]

text: Critical reaction[edit]

text: The Day After Tomorrow received mixed reviews from critics, who praised its visual effects and criticized its writing and scientific inaccuracy. Review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes rated the film at 44%, with an average rating of 5.3 out of 10. According to the website, it is "A ludicrous popcorn flick filled with clunky dialogues, but spectacular visuals save it from being a total disaster."[8] Roger Ebert of the Chicago Sun-Times described the film as "profoundly silly" but nonetheless said the film was effective and praised the special effects. He gave it three stars out of four.[9]

text: Awards and nominations[edit]

text:
Award
Subject
Nominee
Result

Saturn Awards
Best Science Fiction Film

Nominated

Best Special Effects
Karen E. Goulekas, Neil Corbould, Greg Strause and Remo Balcells
Nominated

BAFTA Awards
Best Visual Effects
Won

VES Awards
Outstanding Visual Effects in an Effects Driven Motion Picture
Karen Goulekas, Mike Chambers, Greg Strause, Remo Balcells
Nominated

Best Single Visual Effect
Karen Goulekas, Mike Chambers, Chris Horvath, Matthew Butler
Won

MTV Movie Awards
Best Action Sequence
"The destruction of Los Angeles"
Won

Best Breakthrough Performance
Emmy Rossum
Nominated

Irish Film & Television Awards
Best International Actor
Jake Gyllenhaal
Nominated

Golden Trailer Awards
Best Action Film

Nominated

Environmental Media Awards
Best Film

Won

BMI Film Awards
Best Music
Harald Kloser
Won

Golden Reel Awards
Best Sound Editing - Effects & Foley
Mark P. Stoeckinger, Larry Kemp, Glenn T. Morgan, Alan Rankin, Michael Kamper, Ann Scibelli, Randy Kelley, Harry Cohen, Bob Beher and Craig S. Jaeger
Nominated

text: Political and scientific criticism[edit]

text: Emmerich did not deny that his casting of a weak president and the resemblance of vice-president Kenneth Welsh to Dick Cheney were intended to criticize the climate change policy of the George W. Bush administration.[10] Responding to claims of insensitivity in his inclusion of scenes of a devastated New York City less than three years after the September 11 attacks, Emmerich said that it was necessary to showcase the increased unity of people in the face of disaster because of the attacks.[11][12][13]

text: Some scientists criticized the film's scientific aspects. Paleoclimatologist and professor of earth and planetary science at Harvard University Daniel P. Schrag said, "On the one hand, I'm glad that there's a big-budget movie about something as critical as climate change. On the other, I'm concerned that people will see these over-the-top effects and think the whole thing is a joke ... We are indeed experimenting with the Earth in a way that hasn't been done for millions of years. But you're not going to see another ice age – at least not like that."[10] J. Marshall Shepherd, a research meteorologist at the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, expressed a similar sentiment: "I'm heartened that there's a movie addressing real climate issues. But as for the science of the movie, I'd give it a D minus or an F. And I'd be concerned if the movie was made to advance a political agenda."[10] According to University of Victoria climatologist Andrew Weaver, "It's The Towering Inferno of climate science movies, but I'm not losing any sleep over a new ice age, because it's impossible."[10]

text: Patrick J. Michaels, a former research professor of environmental science at the University of Virginia who rejects the scientific consensus[14] on global warming, called the film "propaganda" in a USA Today editorial: "As a scientist, I bristle when lies dressed up as 'science' are used to influence political discourse."[15] College instructor and retired NASA Office of Inspector General senior special agent Joseph Gutheinz called The Day After Tomorrow "a cheap thrill ride, which many weak-minded people will jump on and stay on for the rest of their lives" in a Space Daily editorial.[16]

text: When paleoclimatologist William Hyde of Duke University was asked on Usenet if he would see the film, he answered that he would not unless someone offered him $100.[17] Subscribers to the newsgroup took up the challenge and, despite Hyde's protests, raised the $100.[18] Hyde's review on Google Groups criticized the film's depiction of weather which stopped at national borders; it was "to climate science as Frankenstein is to heart transplant surgery".[19]

text: Stefan Rahmstorf of the Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, an expert on thermohaline circulation and its effect on climate, said after a talk with scriptwriter Jeffrey Nachmanoff at the film's Berlin preview:

text: Environmental activist and Guardian columnist George Monbiot called The Day After Tomorrow "a great movie and lousy science".[21]

text: In 2008, Yahoo! Movies listed The Day After Tomorrow as one of its top-10 scientifically inaccurate films.[22] It was criticized for depicting meteorological phenomena as occurring over the course of hours, instead of decades or centuries.[23] A 2015 Washington Post article reported on a paper published in Nature Scientific Reports which indicated that global temperatures could drop relatively rapidly due to a temporary shutdown of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation caused by global warming.[24]

text: Home media[edit]

text: The film was released on VHS and DVD October 12, 2004 and was released in high-definition video on Blu-ray in North America on October 2, 2007 and in the United Kingdom on April 28, 2008, in 1080p with a lossless DTS-HD Master Audio track and few bonus features. DVD sales were $110 million, bringing the film's gross to $652,771,772.[25]


document_title: The Boss Baby

question_text: who does the voice of the mom in boss baby

text: The Boss Baby

text: Plot

text: A man named Tim Templeton tells a story about his 7-year-old self and his parents, Ted and Janice. One day, Tim is surprised when an infant wearing a business suit arrives at his house in a taxi, and Ted and Janice call him Tim's little brother. Tim is envious of the attention the baby receives, not to mention suspicious when the infant acts odd around him.

text: Soon, Tim learns that the baby can talk like an adult, and he introduces himself as "The Boss". Seeing an opportunity to be rid of him, Tim decides to record a conversation between the Boss Baby and other toddlers who are at Tim's house for a meeting. The Boss Baby and the other infants catch Tim with the recording, and the cassette tape is terminated after the Boss Baby threatens to tear up Tim's favorite stuffed animal, Lam-Lam. With no evidence to support him, Tim's parents ground him for three weeks.

text: The Boss Baby apologizes to Tim and has him suck on a pacifier that transports them to Baby Corp., a place where infants with adult-like minds work to preserve infant love everywhere. The Boss Baby explains that he was sent to see why puppies are being loved more than infants. He has infiltrated Tim's residence because his parents work for Puppy Co., which will unleash a new puppy on pet convention in Las Vegas. The Boss Baby stays intelligent by drinking a "Secret Baby Formula" that enables a baby to act like an adult. However, if a baby does not drink it after a period of time, he or she becomes a regular baby. When they overhear Boss Baby's boss threaten to fire him for not bringing in information, which would strip him of his formula and strand him at the Templetons, he and Tim agree to work together to prevent that.

text: Tim's parents lift the grounding and take them to Puppy Co. for take your child to work day. While there, they slip away and find what they think is the plans for a "Forever Puppy", but they are captured by the company's founder and CEO, Francis E. Francis. They discover that Francis used to be the head of Baby Corp. and Boss Baby's idol, but was fired when it was discovered that his lactose intolerance kept the secret formula from working properly. Francis intends to have the Forever Puppies overshadow babies by stealing Boss Baby's serum bottle and infecting the puppies with it. Tim's parents go with Francis to Las Vegas, and Francis has his brother Eugene pose as Tim and Boss Baby's babysitter to keep them from interfering.

text: Without a steady flow of formula to keep his intelligence in check, Boss Baby starts becoming a normal baby. Despite this, he and Tim evade the "babysitter" long enough to reach the airport but are too late to intercept Tim's parents. They sneak on to another plane bound for Las Vegas. There, they stall Francis' presentation when Eugene unwittingly gives away their plan. Furious at their interference, Francis locks Tim's parents up so he can burn them with exhaust from a rocket used to launch the Forever Puppies. Tim and Boss Baby defeat Eugene and move on to save their parents but are intercepted by Francis. Tim and Boss Baby push him off a ledge, making Francis tumble into the formula. Boss Baby opens the rocket to let the puppies out so they can save Tim's parents. His return to baby state is complete while on the rocket, but the baby starts crying and Tim sings to him with the family song to show his appreciation, causing him to jump off the rocket before it launches. After the rocket does launch, Francis tries to attack Boss Baby, but is picked up by Eugene and tells Tim that "This time we'll raise him right".

text: Boss Baby is promoted and leaves. Tim goes back to being an only child, but he and Boss Baby miss each other. After Tim writes a letter convincing him to live with him as his brother, Boss Baby returns to the Templeton family as a regular baby named Theodore Lindsey "Ted" Templeton.

text: Back in the present, Tim is now an adult and the father of two daughters, one of whom acts like Ted did when he was Boss Baby.

text: Voice cast

text:
Alec Baldwin as Theodore Templeton / Boss Baby, a baby with the mind of an adult[4]
Miles Bakshi as Timothy "Tim" Templeton[8] Boss Baby's 7-year-old brother[9][10]

Tobey Maguire as an adult Tim, the narrator[11]

Steve Buscemi as Francis E. Francis, the CEO of Puppy Co and the former CEO of BabyCorp and Boss Baby's arch-nemesis[9]
Jimmy Kimmel as Ted Templeton, Janice's husband and Tim's father[9]
Lisa Kudrow as Janice Templeton, Ted's wife and Tim's mother[9]
Conrad Vernon as Eugene Francis, Francis E. Francis' brother and minion
James McGrath as Wizzie, Tim's Gandalf-esque alarm clock
David Soren as Jimbo
Nina Zoe Bakshi as Tim's Daughter, Girl, Little Girl
Tom McGrath as TV Chef
Walt Dohrn as Photographer
James Ryan as Story Bear
Eric Bell Jr. as Triplets
ViviAnn Yee as Staci
Edie Mirman as The Big Boss Baby, Boss Baby's big boss
James McGrath and James Izzo as Elvis impersonators

text: Production

text: Upon reading the original book on which the film is based McGrath felt a connection to it, as he had an older brother and felt like "the boss baby of the family".[12] In keeping with that theme he stated, in an interview with Den of Geek, that "My personal goal with this was to watch this movie with my brother, and to see how it affected him!", which resulted in McGrath's brothers being moved to tears by the completed film.[13]

text: The look of the film was inspired by design techniques popularized by in the 1960s,[14] as well as animated films from both 60s and 50s.[12] This was due to McGrath's belief that contemporary animated films focused too much on realism. To help his staff McGrath would play the opening scene of Lady and the Tramp for new hires specifically noting that the film "should be easy on the eyes and really lead your eye to what’s important in the shot.[14]

text: In September 2014, Alec Baldwin and Kevin Spacey joined the cast of the film,[4] with further casting news announced in June 2016, including Steve Buscemi replacing Spacey.[15]

text: Miles Bakshi, son of the DreamWorks Animation's producer Gina Shay and grandson of the film director Ralph Bakshi, provided the voice of 7-year old Tim. He was 10 when he began recording the voice. During the long process, his voice started to change and "by the end it got pretty tough", according to Bakshi, who was 14 when the film was released. He had to get his voice "very soft, but when I got that perfect tone it was great." Having been often present at DreamWorks, McGrath initially asked him only to provide a temporary voice for Tim to see if the character "worked". They still had to listen to between 30 and 40 children to choose the scratch voice. McGrath explained their decision: "No one sounded as authentic as Miles did. A lot of child actors are great, but they are over-articulate for their age. Miles was just natural and charming. He had a little slur to his voice at the time and it was very endearing." Three years later, Miles was told that he got the part.[16]

text: Music

text: The film was scored by Hans Zimmer, along with Steve Mazzaro and various artists. The film's soundtrack was released on Back Lot Music & iTunes. "Blackbird" by The Beatles is used as part of the plot at various points throughout the film.[17] "My House" by Flo Rida is also used in the trailer for the film.

text: Release

text: The Boss Baby was initially scheduled for release on March 18, 2016,[18] but was later pushed back to March 31, 2017.[19] The film premiered at the Miami Film Festival on March 12, 2017,[20][21] and was released in the United States on March 31, 2017, by 20th Century Fox.[5]

text: Home media

text: The Boss Baby was released on Digital HD on July 4, 2017, and was released on DVD, Blu-ray, Blu-ray 3D and Ultra HD Blu-ray on July 25, 2017 by 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment. The releases also include a new short film, The Boss Baby and Tim's Treasure Hunt Through Time.[22]

text: Reception

text: Box office

text: The Boss Baby grossed $175 million in the United States and Canada and $352.9 million in other territories for a worldwide total of $527.9 million.[3]

text: In North America, The Boss Baby opened alongside Ghost in the Shell and The Zookeeper's Wife, and was initially projected to gross around $30 million from 3,773 theaters in its opening weekend.[23] However, after grossing $1.5 million from Thursday night previews and $15.5 million on Friday, weekend projections were increased to $50 million. It ended up debuting to $50.2 million, finishing first at the box office.[24] It remained atop the box office in its second weekend, grossing $26.3 million.[25]

text: Critical response

text: On review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, The Boss Baby has an approval rating of 52% based on 162 reviews, with an average rating of 5.5/10. The site's critical consensus reads, "The Boss Baby's talented cast, glimmers of wit, and flashes of visual inventiveness can't make up for a thin premise and a disappointing willingness to settle for doody jokes."[26] On Metacritic, the film has a weighted average score of 50 out of 100, based on 32 critics, indicating "mixed or average reviews".[27] Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "A–" on an A+ to F scale, while those under 18 (who made up 41% of the attendence) gave it an "A+".[24]

text: Neil Genzlinger of The New York Times praised Baldwin and the adult humor, saying: "The contrast between the helpless-infant stage of life and corporate-speak is funny but fairly high-concept for a kiddie movie, and the plot grows denser as it goes along and the baby and Tim reluctantly join forces to stop a conspiracy by which puppies would corner all the love in the world."[28]

text: Accolades

text:
Award
Date of ceremony
Category
Recipient(s) and nominee(s)
Result
Ref.

Academy Awards
March 4, 2018
Best Animated Feature
Tom McGrath and Ramsey Ann Naito
Nominated
[6]

Annie Awards
February 3, 2018
Best Animated Feature
Ramsey Ann Naito
Nominated
[29]

Character Animation in an Animated Feature Production
Bryce McGovern
Nominated

Rani Naamani
Nominated

Character Design in an Animated Feature Production
Joe Moshier
Nominated

Directing in an Animated Feature Production
Tom McGrath
Nominated

Storyboarding in an Animated Feature Production
Glenn Harmon
Nominated

Golden Globe Awards
January 7, 2018
Best Animated Feature Film
Tom McGrath
Nominated
[30]

Hollywood Music in Media Awards
November 16, 2017
Best Original Score – Animated Film
Hans Zimmer, Steve Mazzaro
Nominated
[31]

Online Film Critics Society
December 28, 2017
Best Voice-Over Performance
Alec Baldwin
Nominated
[32]

Producers Guild of America Award
January 20, 2018
Outstanding Producer of Animated Theatrical Motion Picture
Ramsey Ann Naito
Nominated
[33]

San Diego Film Critics Society
December 11, 2017
Best Animated Film
The Boss Baby
Runner-up
[34]

Satellite Awards
February 10, 2018
Best Animated or Mixed Media Feature
Nominated
[35]

Saturn Awards
June 2018
Best Animated Film
The Boss Baby
Pending
[36]

Visual Effects Society Awards
February 13, 2018
Outstanding Animated Character in an Animated Feature
Alec Baldwin, Carlos Puertolas, Rani Naamani, Joe Moshier for "Boss Baby"
Nominated
[37]

Outstanding Effects Simulations in an Animated Feature
Mitul Patel, Gaurav Mathus, Venkatesh Kongathi
Nominated

text: Franchise

text: Sequel

text: On May 25, 2017, Universal Pictures and DreamWorks announced a sequel is set to be released on March 26, 2021, with Alec Baldwin reprising his role.[38]

text: Television series

text: On December 12, 2017, DreamWorks Animation and Netflix announced that an animated series based on the film, titled The Boss Baby: Back in Business, would be planned for a 2018 release.[39]


document_title: India men's national field hockey team

question_text: where was the last olympic gold medal won by the indian hockey team

text: India men's national field hockey team

text: Medals table[edit]

text:
Rank

Nation

Gold

Silver

Bronze

Total

1
Olympics
8
1
2
11

5
World Cup
1
1
1
3

6
FIH Hockey World League
0
0
2
2

7
Hockey Champions Trophy
0
2
1
3

3
Commonwealth Games
0
2
0
2

3
Asian Games
3
9
2
14

2
Asia Cup
3
5
1
9

2
Asian Hockey Champions Trophy
2
1
0
3

2
Sultan Azlan Shah Cup
5
2
7
14

3
Hockey Champions Challenge
1
1
2
4

1
Afro-Asian Games
1
0
0
1

2
South Asian Games
1
3
0
4

text: Tournament history[edit]

text: Summer Olympics[edit]

text:
No

Year

Host

Position

Wins

Draws

Losses

1
1928
Amsterdam, Netherlands

5
0
0

2
1932
Los Angeles, USA

2
0
0

3
1936
Berlin, Germany

5
0
0

4
1948
London, UK

5
0
0

5
1952
Helsinki, Finland

3
0
0

6
1956
Melbourne, Australia

5
0
0

7
1960
Rome, Italy

5
0
1

8
1964
Tokyo, Japan

7
2
0

9
1968
Mexico City, Mexico

7
0
2

10
1972
Munich, West Germany

6
2
1

11
1976
Montreal, Canada
7th
4
0
3

12
1980
Moscow, USSR

4
2
0

13
1984
Los Angeles, USA
5th
5
1
1

14
1988
Seoul, South Korea
6th
3
1
3

15
1992
Barcelona, Spain
7th
3
0
4

16
1996
Atlanta, USA
8th
2
2
3

17
2000
Sydney, Australia
7th
3
2
2

18
2004
Athens, Greece
7th
2
1
4

2008
Beijing, China
DNQ

19
2012
London, UK
12th
0
0
6

20
2016
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
8th
2
1
3

21
2020
Tokyo, Japan

Totals
76
14
33

text: World Cup[edit]

text:
No

Year

Host

Position

1
1971
Barcelona, Spain

2
1973
Amstelveen, Netherlands

3
1975
Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

4
1978
Buenos Aires, Argentina
6th

5
1982
Bombay, India
5th

6
1986
London, UK
12th

7
1990
Lahore, Pakistan
10th

8
1994
Sydney, Australia
5th

9
1998
Utrecht, Netherlands
9th

10
2002
Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
10th

11
2006
Mönchengladbach, Germany
11th

12
2010
New Delhi, India
8th

13
2014
The Hague, Netherlands
9th

14
2018
Bhubaneswar, India
Q

text: World League[edit]

text:
FIH Hockey World League

Year

Round

India 2012–13
6th

India 2014–15

India 2016–17

text: Champions Trophy[edit]

text:
No

Year

Host

Position

1
1980
Karachi, Pakistan
5th

2
1982
Amstelveen, Netherlands

3
1983
Karachi, Pakistan
4th

4
1985
Perth, Australia
6th

5
1986
Karachi, Pakistan
5th

6
1989
Berlin, West Germany
6th

7
1995
Berlin, Germany
5th

8
1996
Madras, India
4th

9
2002
Cologne, Germany
4th

10
2003
Amstelveen, Netherlands
4th

11
2004
Lahore, Pakistan
4th

12
2005
Chennai, India
5th

13
2012
Melbourne, Australia
4th

14
2014
Bhubaneswar, India
4th

15
2016
London, UK

16
2018
Breda, Netherlands

text: Commonwealth Games[edit]

text:
No

Year

Host

Position

1
1998
Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
4th

2
2006
Melbourne, Australia
6th

3
2010
New Delhi, India

4
2014
Glasgow, Scotland

5
2018
Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
4th

text: Asian Games[edit]

text:
yes

Year

Host

Position

1
1958
Tokyo, Japan

2
1962
Jakarta, Indonesia

3
1966
Bangkok, Thailand

4
1970
Bangkok, Thailand

5
1974
Tehran, Iran

6
1978
Bangkok, Thailand

7
1982
New Delhi, India

8
1986
Seoul, South Korea

9
1990
Beijing, China

10
1994
Hiroshima, Japan

11
1998
Bangkok, Thailand

12
2002
Busan, South Korea

13
2006
Doha, Qatar
5th

14
2010
Guangzhou, China

15
2014
Incheon, South Korea

16
2018
Jakarta, Indonesia

text: Asian Cup[edit]

text:
No

Year

Host

Position

1
1982
Karachi, Pakistan

2
1985
Dhaka, Bangladesh

3
1989
New Delhi, India

4
1994
Hiroshima, Japan

5
1999
Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

6
2003
Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

7
2007
Chennai, India

8
2009
Kuantan, Malaysia
5th

9
2013
Ipoh, Malaysia

10
2017
Dhaka, Bangladesh

text: Asian Champions Trophy[edit]

text:
No

Year

Host

Position

1

2011

Ordos, China

2

2012

Doha, Qatar

3

2013

Kakamigahara, Japan

5th

4

2016

Kuantan, Malaysia

text: Sultan Azlan Shah Cup[edit]

text:
No

Year

Host

Position

1

1983

Malaysia

2

1985

Malaysia

3

1991

Malaysia

4

1995

Malaysia

5

1999

Malaysia

5th

6

2000

Malaysia

7

2001

Malaysia

5th

8

2004

Malaysia

7th

9

2005

Malaysia

5th

10

2006

Malaysia

11

2007

Malaysia

12

2008

Malaysia

13

2009

Malaysia

14

2010

Malaysia

15

2011

Malaysia

6th

16

2012

Malaysia

17

2013

Malaysia

5th

18

2015

Malaysia

19

2016

Malaysia

20

2017

Malaysia

21

2018

Malaysia

5th

text: Champions Challenge[edit]

text:
No

Year

Host

Position

1

2001

Kuala Lumpur

2

2007

Boom

3

2009

Salta

4

2011

Johannesburg

text: Afro-Asian Games[edit]

text:
No

Year

Host

Position

1

2003

Hyderabad

text: South Asian Games[edit]

text:
No

Year

Host

Position

1

1995

Madras, India

2

2004

Islamabad, Pakistan

3

2010

Dhaka, Bangladesh

4

2016

Guwahati, India

text: Team[edit]

text:
*  denotes players part of the 2018 Men's Hockey Champions Trophy squad.
Caps as of 3 July 2018 as per FIH.

text: Current roster[edit]

text: Players who are part of the 33-member core squad for 2018:[3]

text:
No.

Pos.

Name

Birthdate

From

Caps

Latest call-up

2
GK
Akash Chikte
 (1992-07-24) 24 July 1992 (age 26)
Yavatmal, Maharashtra
48
2017 Hockey World League Final

13
GK
Suraj Karkera
 (1995-10-14) 14 October 1995 (age 22)
Mumbai, Maharashtra
23
2018 Commonwealth Games

16
GK
P. R. Sreejesh
 (1986-05-08) 8 May 1986 (age 32)
Ernakulam, Kerala
189
2018 Asian Games

19
GK
Krishan Pathak
 (1997-04-24) 24 April 1997 (age 21)
Kapurthala, Punjab
8
2018 Asian Games

1
DF
Harmanpreet Singh
 (1996-01-06) 6 January 1996 (age 22)
Amritsar, Punjab
74
2018 Asian Games

3
DF
Rupinder Pal Singh
 (1990-11-11) 11 November 1990 (age 27)
Faridkot, Punjab
192
2018 Asian Games

4
DF
Gurinder Singh
 (1995-01-01) 1 January 1995 (age 23)
Ropar, Punjab
25
2018 Commonwealth Games

6
DF
Surender Kumar
 (1993-11-23) 23 November 1993 (age 24)
Karnal, Haryana
87
2018 Asian Games

12
DF
Dipsan Tirkey
 (1998-10-15) 15 October 1998 (age 19)
Sundergarh, Odisha
24
2018 Sultan Azlan Shah Cup

22
DF
Varun Kumar
 (1995-07-25) 25 July 1995 (age 23)
Jalandhar, Punjab
43
2018 Asian Games

23
DF
Nilam Sanjeep Xess
 (1998-11-07) 7 November 1998 (age 19)
Bargarh, Odisha
10
2018 Sultan Azlan Shah Cup

26
DF
Birendra Lakra
 (1990-02-03) 3 February 1990 (age 28)
Simdega, Jharkhand
160
2018 Asian Games

30
DF
Amit Rohidas
 (1993-05-10) 10 May 1993 (age 25)
Sundergarh, Odisha
59
2018 Asian Games

5
MF
Kothajit Singh
 (1992-08-17) 17 August 1992 (age 25)
Imphal East, Manipur
180
2018 Commonwealth Games

7
MF
Manpreet Singh
 (1992-06-26) 26 June 1992 (age 26)
Jalandhar, Punjab
222
2018 Asian Games

8
MF
Sardar Singh
 (1986-07-15) 15 July 1986 (age 32)
Sirsa, Haryana
304
2018 Asian Games

10
MF
Simranjeet Singh
 (1996-12-27) 27 December 1996 (age 21)
Batala, Punjab
14
2018 Asian Games

15
MF
S. K. Uthappa
 (1993-12-02) 2 December 1993 (age 24)
Kodagu, Karnataka
138
2018 Sultan Azlan Shah Cup

17
MF
Sumit
 (1996-12-20) 20 December 1996 (age 21)
Sonipat, Haryana
43
2018 Commonwealth Games

18
MF
Nilakanta Sharma
 (1995-05-02) 2 May 1995 (age 23)
Imphal East, Manipur
19
2018 Sultan Azlan Shah Cup

21
MF
Harjeet Singh
 (1996-01-02) 2 January 1996 (age 22)
Tarn Taran, Punjab
50
2018 Four Nations Inv., New Zealand

25
MF
Satbir Singh
 (1993-10-22) 22 October 1993 (age 24)
Gurdaspur, Punjab
64
2018 Four Nations Inv., New Zealand

29
MF
Chinglensana Singh
 (1991-12-02) 2 December 1991 (age 26)
Imphal East, Manipur
184
2018 Asian Games

9
FW
Gurjant Singh
 (1995-01-26) 26 January 1995 (age 23)
Amritsar, Punjab
30
2018 Commonwealth Games

10
FW
Armaan Qureshi
 (1995-01-01) 1 January 1995 (age 23)
Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh
13
2018 Four Nations Inv., New Zealand

11
FW
Mandeep Singh
 (1995-01-25) 25 January 1995 (age 23)
Jalandhar, Punjab
109
2018 Asian Games

14
FW
Lalit Upadhyay
 (1993-12-01) 1 December 1993 (age 24)
Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh
73
2018 Asian Games

20
FW
Talwinder Singh
 (1994-01-01) 1 January 1994 (age 24)
Jalandhar, Punjab
69
2018 Sultan Azlan Shah Cup

24
FW
S. V. Sunil
 (1989-05-06) 6 May 1989 (age 29)
Kodagu, Karnataka
240
2018 Asian Games

27
FW
Akashdeep Singh
 (1994-12-02) 2 December 1994 (age 23)
Tarn Taran, Punjab
158
2018 Asian Games

28
FW
Sumit Kumar
 (1997-05-11) 11 May 1997 (age 21)
Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh
6
2018 Champions TrophyINJ

30
FW
Affan Yousuf
 (1994-12-29) 29 December 1994 (age 23)
Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh
21
2017 Sultan Azlan Shah Cup

31
FW
Ramandeep Singh
 (1993-04-01) 1 April 1993 (age 25)
Gurdaspur, Punjab
124
2018 Champions Trophy

text: Reserves[edit]

text: Other players who were part of the squad in 2018:[4]

text:
No.

Pos.

Name

Birthdate

From

Caps

Latest call-up

4
DF
Mandeep Mor
 (1999-03-16) 16 March 1999 (age 19)
Narwana, Haryana
5
2018 Sultan Azlan Shah Cup

4
DF
Jarmanpreet Singh
 (1996-07-18) 18 July 1996 (age 22)
Amritsar, Punjab
6
2018 Champions Trophy

30
MF
Vivek Prasad
 (2000-02-25) 25 February 2000 (age 18)
Hoshangabad, Madhya Pradesh
20
2018 Asian Games

12
FW
Dilpreet Singh
 (1999-11-12) 12 November 1999 (age 18)
Amritsar, Punjab
20
2018 Asian Games

32
FW
Shilanand Lakra
 (1999-05-05) 5 May 1999 (age 19)
Sundergarh, Odisha
6
2018 Sultan Azlan Shah Cup

text: Support staff[edit]

text:
Head coach: Harendra Singh
Assistant coaches: Jugraj Singh (drag-flick) and Arjun Halappa
Analytical coach: Chris Ciriello[5]
High-performance director: David John
Scientific advisor: Scott Conway

text: Notable former players[edit]

text:
Jaipal Singh Munda
Dhyan Chand
Richard Allen
Joseph Galibardy
Earnest Goodsir-Cullen
Peter Fernandes
Leslie Claudius
Raghbir Singh Bhola
Baboo Nimal
Hiranna M. Nimal
Prithipal Singh
K. D. Singh
Balbir Singh, Sr.
Udham Singh
Charanjit Singh
Shankar Lakshman
Jaman Lal Sharma
M. P. Ganesh
Ashok Kumar
Mohammed Shahid
Mohammed Riaz
Ajit Pal Singh
Balbir Singh Kullar
Merwyn Fernandes
Surjit Singh
B. P. Govinda
Zafar Iqbal
Marcellus Gomes
Jagbir Singh
Thoiba Singh
M. M. Somaya
Vasudevan Baskaran
Jalaluddin Rizvi
Pargat Singh
Dhanraj Pillay
Jude Menezes
Jugraj Singh
Viren Rasquinha
Ignace Tirkey
Dilip Tirkey
Adam Sinclair
Mukesh Kumar
Arjun Halappa
Len Aiyappa
Devesh Chauhan
Adrian D'Souza
Gagan Ajit Singh
Deepak Thakur
Prabhjot Singh
Bimal Lakra
Aslam Sher Khan
Baljit Singh Dhillon
Bharat Chettri
Dhananjay Mahadik
Harbinder Singh
Sandeep Singh


document_title: Dance Moms

question_text: where was the original abby lee dance company located

text: Dance Moms

text: Synopsis[edit]

text: Primarily set in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania and later in Los Angeles, California, the show originally followed the Abby Lee Dance Company's Junior Elite Competition Team of mostly preteen girls as they traveled week-to-week to various dance competitions, winning awards and preparing for Nationals, while at the same time being prepared by Abby Lee Miller to be "professional, employable working dancers." The series depicted the doting mothers as rivals of each other on behalf of their own daughters, often arguing with Miller and each other, and sometimes closing ranks against rival teams. Dance performances were creatively conceptualized by Miller and her dance instructors, with input from the show's producers, while choreography was done by Miller, her staff, and occasionally a guest choreographer. Various rival dance teams spurred the team's competitiveness. The show's success was often credited to the drama and conflict among Miller and the moms, along with the weekly dances and the close relationships among the girls as viewers watched them grow up and improve their skills.

text: The show featured Miller as a strict dance team coach who, over the series, relied more and more on criticism, sometimes personal, to motivate the girls, with an emphasis on hard work and competition against teammates. Every week on the show, Miller used a pyramid of individual headshots and gives feedback to each girl about her ranking, previous week's performance, attitude, effort, and the behavior of the girl herself and her mother. Miller had never used a pyramid in her studio prior to Dance Moms, and when once asked about it, Miller stated, "I've never done that in my life. That has nothing to do with me. That's the show; they came up with that whole process."[3]

text: In season 5, Miller relocated the team to Los Angeles to help build her reputation on the west coast, and while the team continued weekly competitions, the focus shifted somewhat to include preparation for acting and music business careers.

text: During the second half of Season 7, several dancers and their mothers left the ALDC to form "The Irreplaceables." Abby left the show several episodes later, followed by the remaining ALDC dancers and mothers.

text: Cast[edit]

text: Abby Lee Dance Company[edit]

text:
Abby Lee Miller is the director of Reign Dance Productions (formerly Maryen Lorrain Dance Studio), which houses the Abby Lee Dance Company (ALDC), of which she is owner and chief choreographer.[4][5][6] She left the show during the second half of season 7 in relation to pending sentencing for financial related crimes (described below), and with the cast fracturing into separate groups as part of the resulting fallout from it. On July 11, 2018 she announced her return in season 8.[7][8]
Gianna Martello is an instructor for RDP covering all genres of dance, and is also the assistant choreographer for the ALDC Junior Elite Competition team.[9] Martello studied dance under Miller's tutelage through Reign Dance Productions.
Melissa Gisoni is the mother of Maddie Ziegler, a  lyrical/tap dancer and Mackenzie Ziegler, an acro/Hip hop dancer and singer (under the stage name Mack Z).[4] Maddie was known to be Abby's favorite student during her time on the show, which caused tension between the other moms and Abby. Maddie and Mackenzie studied dance at Miller's studio through Reign Dance Productions from the early ages of four and two respectively. They were original cast members of the show, and left during Season 6. After leaving the show Maddie and Mackenzie left ALDC and switched to Dance Mechanics.[citation needed]
Christi Lukasiak is the mother of Chloe Lukasiak, a ballet, lyrical/contemporary dancer; she is also professional at other forms of dance, such as acro, jazz, tap, bollywood, musical theatre and hip hop. Chloe began dancing at Miller's studio at age two. They were original cast members of the show, but left the show after the Season 4 finale. Chloe then quit ALDC for good and now dances at Studio 19. They returned to guest star for the Season 7 finale and Season 7 B, initially as part of ALDC's rival MDP, before then joining the newly formed team of former ALCD members called "The Irreplaceables".[10]
Kelly Hyland is the mother of Brooke Hyland, an acro dancer and singer and Paige Hyland, a jazz dancer and model. Prior to the show, as a teenager Kelly had been a dancer at ALDC, but had quit to become a cheerleader. They were original cast members, but Kelly assaulted Abby in the middle of Season 4, resulting in the Hyland's leaving the show. Brooke and Paige have since gone on to focus on school.
Holly Hatcher-Frazier, is the mother of Nia Frazier,[4] a contemporary and acro dancer and singer (Nia Sioux). Nia had earlier studied dance at Miller's studio through Reign Dance Productions. They were original cast members of the show, and left the ALDC during season 7 to form "The Irreplaceables".
Cathy Nesbitt-Stein is the mother of Vivi-Anne, a musical theatre/tap dancer who joined the ALDC for most of season 1. Vivi-Anne was previously a student and team member at her mother's studio, Candy Apples Dance Centre, where she continued her dance training after leaving the team and show. Cathy and Vivi-Anne have continued to appear occasionally since season 2. (Also see "Rival studios" below.)
Jill Vertes is the mother of Kendall,[4] a model and jazz dancer and aspiring singer (Kendall K). Before joining the ALDC in season 2, Kendall studied dance at Rogers Dance in Pittsburgh and Studio 19 in Cranberry Township, PA.[11] During season 2, they were portrayed as having switched teams (to the CADC) for several episodes, but they returned to the ALDC. They left the ALDC during season 7 to form "The Irreplaceables".
Kristie Ray is the mother of Asia Monet Ray, a jazz/acro dancer and singer (Asia Monet). Asia first appeared on AUDC, where she was the youngest competitor from either season. Asia briefly danced with the Junior Elite Competition Team in Season 3, before leaving just before Nationals.
Kira Girard is the mother of Kalani Hilliker,[4][12][13] a lyrical dancer and model and fashion designer. Before joining the ALDC in season 4, Kira and Kalani appeared on season 2 of Abby's Ultimate Dance Competition (AUDC).[14] After several weeks with the ALDC team in season 4, she was made a permanent team member of the ALDC in season 5. They left the ALDC during season 7 to form "The Irreplaceables".
Jessalynn Siwa is the mother of JoJo Siwa,[15] a jazz and contemporary dancer. Before originally joining the ALDC as guests in season 5, Jessalynn and JoJo appeared on season 2 of AUDC.[16] After several episodes as a guest dancer, JoJo was made a full-time team member, but left the show during Season 6.
Ashlee Allen is the mother of Brynn Rumfallo, a lyrical/acro dancer. Prior to Dance Moms, Brynn previously had trained at Club Dance Studio, Arizona, like her teammate Kalani. Brynn joined the team in Season 5 as a guest, and then was given the opportunity to be a full-time member of the team in the first episode of Season 6. They left the show during Season 7 along with the other remaining ALDC members.
Stacey Ann Ketchman is the mother of Lilliana Ketchman, an acrobatic & jazz dancer. They joined the ALDC in Season 6, and Lilliana joined the elite team in Season 7.  They left the show during Season 7 along with the other remaining ALDC members.
Yolanda Walmsley is the mother of Elliana Walmsley, a jazz & lyrical dancer.  They joined the ALDC in Season 6, and Elliana joined the elite team in Season 7. They left the show during Season 7 along with the other remaining ALDC members.
Camille Bridges is the mother of Camryn Bridges, a contemporary & jazz dancer.  They joined the ALDC in Season 7, later that season left with several of the other cast members to form "The Irreplaceables".
Jaime Caes is the mother of Maesi Caes, a hip hop & contemporary dancer from Iowa who toured with Justin Bieber.[citation needed] They joined the ALDC in Season 7 after Jojo quit the team. They left the show during Season 7 along with the other remaining ALDC members.

text: "The Irreplaceables"[edit]

text:
Cheryl Burke is the dance coach for "The Irreplaceables." [17]
Christi Lukasiak and her daughter Chloe Lukasiak (See "Abby Lee Dance Company" above.)
Holly Hatcher-Frazier and her daughter Nia Frazier (See "Abby Lee Dance Company" above.)
Jill Vertes and her daughter Kendall Vertes (See "Abby Lee Dance Company" above.)
Kira Girard and her daughter Kalani Hilliker (See "Abby Lee Dance Company" above.)
Camille Bridges and her daughter Camryn Bridges (See "Abby Lee Dance Company" above.)

text: Rival studios[edit]

text:
Candy Apples Dance Center (Canton, Ohio) is owned and operated by Cathy Nesbitt-Stein,[4] the mother of Vivi-Anne, who danced with the ALDC in season 1.[18][19] The CADC has been the main rival for the ALDC throughout the five seasons of televised competitions. Over the five seasons of Dance Moms, show producers added several dancers who were well known in the dance competition world and/or had auditioned for Dance Moms in the past, making the "Candy Apples" a team that existed only for television (the real-life Candy Apple team ceased to be featured on the show). Partway through season 5, the CADC was completely recast for one week (see below).
Studio Bleu Dance Center (Ashburn, Virginia) is coached by Gloria Hampton, the mother of Kaeli, who danced with the ALDC as a guest team member briefly in season 3.[20][21][22] Studio Bleu's competition team, which the ALDC competed against several times, was portrayed as a respected and formidable opponent in several episodes.
Murrieta Dance Project (Murrieta, California) is owned and operated by Erin Babbs,[23] who has been an occasional guest choreographer for the CADC in seasons 4 and 5.[24][25] MDP competed against the ALDC several times in season 5.
Broadway Dance Academy (Fenton, Michigan) is owned and operated by Jeanette Cota,[26] the mother of Ava, who guest starred as part of the ALDC "Select Team" in season 4.[27][28][29] The real BDA team competed against the ALDC several times in season 5 before leaving the show (except for Ava) to be replaced on the TV team by the four dancers from the former CADC team.
Beginning with the start of season 5.5, BDA competed as "Candy Apples" for one week after which they resumed using their actual name. This team (consisting of Huelsman, Wilkenson, Smith, Roth and Ava Cota) won the Overall Group competition, handing the ALDC their first Nationals loss in the group overall category.

text: Episodes[edit]

text:
Jump up ^ Season 2 also included one special episode that is not acknowledged as a season episode, as well as another that was not allocated an episode number by Lifetime.

Jump up ^ Season 3 also included one episode that was not allocated an episode number by Lifetime.

Jump up ^ Season 4 also included two special episodes (first, second) which were not allocated an episode number by Lifetime.

Jump up ^ Season 5 also included two special episodes (first, second) which were not allocated an episode number by Lifetime.

Jump up ^ Season 6 also included one special episode which was not allocated an episode number by Lifetime.

Jump up ^ Season 7 also included one special episode which was not allocated an episode number by Lifetime.

text: Ratings[edit]

text: Awards and nominations[edit]

text:
Year

Award

Category

Recipients and nominees

Outcome

Ref.

2012

2012 Teen Choice Awards

Choice TV: Reality Show

Dance Moms

Nominated

2013

2013 Teen Choice Awards

Choice TV: Reality Show

Dance Moms

Nominated

Choice TV: Female Reality Star

Abby Lee Miller

Nominated

BMI Film & TV Awards

BMI Cable Award

Craig Owens

Won

2014

2014 Teen Choice Awards

Choice TV: Reality Show

Dance Moms

Nominated

Choice TV: Reality Personality (Female)

Abby Lee Miller

Nominated

2015

2015 Kids' Choice Awards

Nickelodeon: Favorite Reality Show

Dance Moms

Won

2015 Teen Choice Awards

Choice TV: Reality Show

Nominated

2016

2016 Kids' Choice Awards

Favorite Talent Competition

Nominated

[30]

2017

2017 Teen Choice Awards

Choice Reality TV Show

Dance Moms

Nominated

[31]

text: Controversy and criticism[edit]

text: Several episodes featured controversial costume choices made by Miller, some of which were criticized by the moms, particularly Lukasiak and Frazier. Due to heavy criticism, the season 2 episode "Topless Showgirls", which aired on March 6, 2012, has been removed from rotation. The episode features the young dancers performing a burlesque-style routine and wearing sequined, flesh-toned bra tops and tights in an effort to make them appear nude. Miller defends her costume choice saying, "Everyone in the industry knows the girls are completely covered and everything's harmless." Lifetime confirmed pulling the episode.[32][33] The episode is not included on the season's DVD.[34]

text: Kelly Hyland was arrested in early January 2014 on charges of assaulting Miller during a dispute backstage at a dance competition held in New York City during filming for the show's fourth season in November 2013. Hyland appeared in court with Miller on January 21, 2014 and pleaded "not guilty". A hearing was scheduled for March but adjourned to May 5, 2014. Legal expert Rosemarie Arnold opined that because the episode aired on TV, Hyland's defense that the alleged assault was scripted was viable.[35] On a January 29 appearance on The View, Miller announced that Hyland and her daughters Brooke and Paige are no longer contracted with and would no longer appear on Dance Moms.[36][37] The episode featuring the incident between Hyland and Miller aired on February 11, 2014.[38] After the final episode of season 4, Christi and Chloe Lukasiak also left Dance Moms[39] because of continuing insults and dismissive treatment toward Chloe.[40] In October 2014, then-13-year-old Paige Hyland sued Miller, but Hyland's lawsuit was dismissed.[41]

text: On October 13, 2015, Abby Lee Miller was indicted in Pittsburgh on charges of concealing her income from her performances on the show in 2012 and 2013. She was charged with bankruptcy fraud, concealment of bankruptcy assets and false bankruptcy declarations in hiding some $755,000.[42][43] In June 2016, Miller pled guilty to the charges, and entered a plea deal with the IRS.[44] In May 2017, Miller was sentenced to one year and a day in prison, followed by two years of supervised release.[45][46] Season 7 B was the last season to feature the original cast members. Christi Lukasiak revealed that the original cast wouldn't be returning for a new season.[47] After filming for Season 7 B wrapped up The Irreplaceables announced that they were going on tour.[48]

text: Spin-offs[edit]

text: A spin-off series, Dance Moms: Miami, set in Miami, Florida, at Victor Smalley and Angel Armas' Stars Dance Studio, premiered on April 3, 2012,[49] and was cancelled in September 2012.

text: A sister program titled Abby's Ultimate Dance Competition[50] followed Miller and other dance professionals judging twelve young dancers aged 6–13 years on different styles of dance, hoping to find the most versatile dancer of the group. The series premiered on October 9, 2012 and ran for two seasons.

text: In 2014, Miller hosted another sister program titled Abby's Studio Rescue that followed Miller as she visited dance studios across the country to assist them to improve their choreography, studio decor, staff and other aspects. It premiered on June 24, 2014.

text: In July 2014, another spin-off titled Raising Asia starred Asia Monet Ray, a guest team member for several episodes of season 3 of Dance Moms.  The show followed Ray, her model mom, bodybuilder dad and younger sister Bella Blu, helping Asia to pursue her dreams of fame in show business.[51]

text: A British version of Dance Moms titled Dance Mums premiered on October 20, 2014 and ran for two seasons. Jennifer Ellison hosted the series, set at her Liverpool dance school, Jelli Studios.[52] Dance Mums was produced by Shiver Productions.

text: Ellen DeGeneres is developing a film based on Dance Moms.[53]


document_title: KitchenAid

question_text: when did the first kitchenaid mixer come out

text: KitchenAid

text: History[edit]

text: The idea of a stand mixer was formulated by Herbert Johnston, an engineer working at the Hobart Corporation. He had been inspired after seeing a baker mix dough, and thought that there must be a better way of doing the task. In 1914, development began, and soon the model "H" mixer was launched for industrial work. The U.S. Navy ordered mixers for two new Tennessee-class battleships, California and Tennessee, as well as the U.S. Navy's first dreadnought battleship, South Carolina. In 1917, Hobart stand mixers became standard equipment on all U.S. Navy ships, prompting development to begin on the first home models.[1]

text: The first machine to carry the KitchenAid name was the ten-quart C-10 model, introduced in 1918 and built at Hobart's Troy Metal Products subsidiary in Springfield, Ohio.[2] Prototype models were given to the wives of factory executives, and the product was named when one stated "I don't care what you call it, but I know it's the best kitchen aid I've ever had!" They were initially marketed to the farmhouse kitchen and were available in hardware stores.[3] But owing to the difficulty in convincing retailers to take up the product, the company recruited a mostly female sales force, which sold the mixers door-to-door.[1] The C-10 machine was also marketed heavily toward soda fountains and small commercial kitchens, and was also sold under the FountainAid and BakersAid model names.[4]

text: In 1922, KitchenAid introduced the H-5 mixer as its new home-use offering.[5] The H-5 mixer was smaller and lighter than the C-10, and had a more manageable five-quart bowl. The model "G" mixer, about half the weight of the "H-5" was released in August 1928.[6] In the 1920s, several other companies introduced similar mixers, and the Sunbeam Mixmaster became the most popular among consumers until the 1950s.[7]

text: KitchenAid mixers remained popular, and in the late 1930s, the factory would completely sell out its products each Christmas. The factory was closed for the duration of World War II. After the war, production started up again in 1946 when the factory moved to Greenville, Ohio, to expand capacity.[1]

text: The product range expanded beyond stand mixers for the first time in 1949, when dishwashers were introduced.[3]

text: In 1985, the company purchased the Chambers Company to incorporate its range of cookers into the KitchenAid brand.[1] After being cleared by a Federal appeals court in January 1986, Whirlpool Corporation was cleared to purchase KitchenAid after initial complaints regarding competition from dishwasher manufacturers White Consolidated Industries and Magic Chef were dismissed.[8] Refrigerators were added to the product line later in 1986.[1] The company used the popularity of celebrity chefs during the late 1980s to seize the chance to expand its customer range. In 1988, retailer Williams-Sonoma was opening new stores across the United States and released a cobalt blue stand mixer for the company. Although the retailer had been carrying KitchenAid products since 1959, the new stores introduced the mixers to a wider range of home cooks. This combined with a change in marketing strategy for KitchenAid, which resulted in a doubling of brand awareness over the course of the following three years.

text: KitchenAid began manufacturing blenders and other small appliances in the mid-1990s. The brand was further promoted by sponsoring the PBS show Home Cooking, and by introducing the mixers to television chefs such as Julia Child and Martha Stewart. Following the success with Williams-Sonoma, specific points of purchase were set up in department stores such as Kohl's and Macy's. Specific color mixers were released for specific retailers or to benefit charities, such as a pink mixer released to raise funds for breast cancer research or mixers sold at Target stores being available in that company's signature shade of red. The ProLine range of appliances was launched in 2003 with an initial six-month exclusivity agreement with Williams-Sonoma.[9]

text: Design and manufacturing[edit]

text: Egmont Arens was hired in the 1930s to design a low-cost series of mixers. This resulted in the production of the KitchenAid Model "K" which showed streamlined lines for the first time, and the KitchenAid standard design has remained relatively unchanged since then.[10] The silhouette has since been made a registered trademark with the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.[10] In 1997 the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art selected the KitchenAid stand mixer as an icon of American design. There is an attachment hub on the front of each mixer. Every KitchenAid mixer since the introduction of the Model "K" has allowed for cross-generational attachment compatibility, meaning that attachments from the 1930s can be used on modern mixers, and vice versa. Note that this cross-generational compatibility extends only to attachments powered through the hub. Other accessories (beaters, bowls, etc.) are not necessarily compatible even across similar models in production at the same time (for example, not all current production six-quart bowl-lift mixers use the same accessories).[11] Initially the mixers were only available in white; a range of four colors was introduced in 1955.[10]

text: Today, some KitchenAid products are manufactured in Ohio, South Carolina, Mississippi, Indiana, Arkansas, Ontario, and Quebec while others are manufactured in China,[citation needed] and its appliances are distributed throughout North America. All KitchenAid stand mixers are assembled in its factory in Greenville, Ohio. The die-cast parts of the machines come from various manufacturing plants around the world and are hand worked to remove imperfections on the metal cases. A factory tour, known as the "KitchenAid Experience" is conducted by the assembly line workers.[12]

text: Food and retail expansion[edit]

text: In March of 2016 KitchenAid announced that they will be offering a line of food mixes with a Michigan food company Franzese USA, Inc.. [13] According to their press release KitchenAid is quoted saying “Considering that tens of millions of American kitchens are outfitted with our stand mixers we’re confident that these mixes will become a staple in many pantries.” [14]