document_title: So I Married an Axe Murderer

question_text: what is charlie's job in so i married an axe murderer

question_tokens: what is charlie 's job in so i married an axe murderer

text: So I Married an Axe Murderer

text: Plot[edit]

text: Charlie MacKenzie (Myers) is a beat poet living in San Francisco, after having broken up with yet another woman based on paranoid perception. His friend Tony, a policeman, points out that Charlie simply is afraid of commitment and tries to think of or invent any reason to break up with someone.

text: Charlie encounters a butcher named Harriet, and the two quickly find common bonds between them. They start to date, and Charlie learns she used to live in Atlantic City, had been involved with a trainer in Russian martial arts, and screams for someone named Ralph in her sleep. After staying at her place one night, Charlie meets Harriet's eccentric sister, Rose, who warns Charlie to be careful. As they continue to see each other, Charlie and Harriet fall in love. He arranges a dinner with her to meet his parents, Stuart and May, who both believe in conspiracy theories and get their news from the Weekly World News tabloid. While there, Charlie spots one paper that describes a story about a "Mrs. X", a bride who kills her husbands on their honeymoons using an axe and matches all the mannerism that Harriet has thus far shown.

text: Charlie becomes paranoid and asks Tony to investigate Harriet and the Mrs. X story. Tony reveals that the husbands of Mrs. X were all reported missing alongside their wives, assuring that Harriet is unlikely to be Mrs. X. Charlie remains on edge, and after a few more troubled dates, decides to break up with her. Tony later reports that a killer in the Mrs. X story has confessed. Relieved, Charlie apologizes to Harriet by reciting one of his beat poems to her from his rooftop. They make up, and Harriet explains away some of the confusion Charlie had from her history, such as Ralph being the name of a woman she knows.

text: Some time later, Charlie proposes to Harriet, which she reluctantly accepts after some hesitation. Following the wedding ceremony, they embark on a honeymoon to a secluded mountain hotel. After they depart, Tony learns that the confessed killer is actually a compulsive liar. He sends a photo of Harriet to the known associates of the missing husbands, and all report back that she was their friends' wife. With phone lines to the hotel down due to a storm, Tony charters a plane. Once he lands, he is able to call Charlie locally and warn him that Harriet is really Mrs. X, but the hotel phone line is knocked out and power is lost.

text: Charlie is panicked and tries to stay away from Harriet without letting her know what he knows, but the hotel staff force him into the honeymoon suite for their first night together. Charlie finds himself alone and discovers a "Dear Jane" letter, purportedly written by him, explaining his absence to Harriet. Suddenly, Rose appears wielding an axe. Rose tells Charlie he was not supposed to find the letter, and reveals herself as the Mrs. X killer - she feels that Harriet's husbands are taking her sister from her, and so killed them on their honeymoon night, leading Harriet to believe that each husband simply left her. Charlie is then trapped in a game of cat-and-mouse, staying away from Rose while waiting for the police to arrive.

text: Tony leads the police into the hotel but arrests Harriet, still believing her to be the murderer. Having chased Charlie to the hotel roof, Rose swings the axe at Charlie and is thrown off the building, with only Charlie holding her up from falling to her death. Tony comes to catch her fall, where she is arrested and taken away. Charlie and Harriet resume their lives afterward as a happy couple.

text: Cast[edit]

text:
Mike Myers as Charlie and Stuart MacKenzie
Nancy Travis as Harriet Michaels
Anthony LaPaglia as Tony Giardino
Amanda Plummer as Rose Michaels
Michael Richards as Insensitive Man
Brenda Fricker as May MacKenzie
Matt Doherty as William "Heed" MacKenzie
Charles Grodin as Commandeered Driver
Phil Hartman as John "Vickie" Johnson, Alcatraz Guide
Debi Mazar as Susan, Tony's Girlfriend
Steven Wright as Pilot
Jessie Nelson as Ralph
Alan Arkin as Tony's Captain

text: Production[edit]

text: The genesis of the film originated in 1987, when producer Robert N. Fried met with writer Robbie Fox to discuss story ideas. They ended up talking about the problems they had with women and agreed that "most women appeared to be out to destroy us!"[1] Fried and co-producer Cary Woods formed their own production company in 1992. So I Married An Axe Murderer was their first film,[1] for which they were given a $20 million budget.[2] Fox wrote the screenplay in 1987.[3] In the original version, Charlie was Jewish and, according to Fried, it was "initially conceived as being more about paranoia than commitment".[3] Myers wanted changes to the script that would allow him to perform both serious acting and Saturday Night Live-style comedy.[2]

text: He extensively rewrote the script with writer Neil Mullarkey, an old friend from Britain.[3] According to Myers, they changed the story and many of the comedic moments. Fox was asked to consider a new set of credits that gave him a "story by" and co-screenplay credit. He rejected the proposal and in arbitration, the Writers Guild of America decided that Fox would receive sole screenwriting credit.[2] Fried and Myers were upset that Mullarkey, who had put much work into the script, did not receive any credit.[3]

text: Casting[edit]

text: Fried and co-producer Cary Woods asked Mike Myers to play Charlie MacKenzie because of the success he had with the film Wayne's World.[3] He agreed because he liked the script, as many of his friends also had a fear of commitment, and "were all suffering from cold feet and what is cold feet but a low-grade terror? This story just expands on that terror."[4] Before he was approached, Woody Allen considered playing Charlie. Chevy Chase, Albert Brooks, and Martin Short also considered the role but did not like the character.[3] Sharon Stone was initially set to play Harriet Michaels, the supposed axe murderer of the film's title.

text: Like Myers, who has two roles in the film, Stone wanted to have a

text: play Harriet and the role of Rose, Harriet's sister, the latter portrayed in the film by Amanda Plummer. Studio executives at Sony did not like the idea of Stone playing both roles, and she therefore refused to accept the part. Nancy Travis was then cast in the role instead.  Travis was drawn to her character's "qualities of danger and compassion mixed with humor [which] make her an intriguing character."[1]

text: Anthony LaPaglia said that his character "has grand illusions of being Serpico, you know he's ready to fight crime like his hero did. But he's just not competent."[1] When the actors attended the first cast read-through of the script, Charlie's father, Stuart, had not yet been cast. Myers read the character's lines and the filmmakers so enjoyed his interpretation that they realized he could play that role as well.[1] The film also features cameos by Charles Grodin, Phil Hartman, Michael Richards, Mike Hagerty, Debi Mazar, Steven Wright, and Alan Arkin, the latter appearing uncredited as Tony's sensitive boss. They all agreed to be in the film for the opportunity of working with Myers.[1]

text: Principal photography[edit]

text: To fit both Charlie and his father in the same scene together, the filmmakers used a split-screen process. To look the role of Stuart, Myers spent over three-and-a-half hours having special prosthetic make-up applied.[1] While filming scenes in the butcher shop, Nancy Travis was distracted by Myers' antics and accidentally took off the tip of her middle finger on her left hand while chopping vegetables with a kitchen knife.[2] A local doctor sewed her finger back together. Travis said that she and Myers frequently improvised together, and he taught her more about comedy and showed her "how to be relaxed and spontaneous on the set."[2]

text: There were stories in the press that Myers' over-inflated ego forced extensive re-shoots on the film, and that he tried to deny Robbie Fox credit for writing the film.[3] On the set, director Thomas Schlamme said that he had his differences with Myers over how the film should be shaped. He said that Myers was "taking a stretch beyond his usual self and was playing outside himself. Personality clashes were bound to happen. We struggled."[2] However, the director denied that Myers was a control freak, and praised the "total commitment to his work. (But) yes, it was difficult."[2] In addition, several major newspapers and magazines claimed that the film went over budget, with in-fighting among the principal actors and lengthy release delays, and that it was unfunny.[2] Despite these early reports, So I Married an Axe Murderer scored high at test screenings.[5]

text: Locations[edit]

text: Set in San Francisco, California, the film features many famous sights and neighborhoods of the Golden State metropolis, including the Golden Gate Bridge, the Palace of Fine Arts and Alcatraz. One scene on Alcatraz was filmed in "A" block, an area that is still in its original state from 1912 and is not open to the public. The tiny Cloverdale Municipal Airport is also in the film.[6] The space for actors, crew and equipment is narrow, a challenge also faced by the makers of The Rock, which features Nicolas Cage and Sean Connery as characters breaking in to the prison complex.[1]

text: The restaurant where Myers and Travis' characters double date with LaPaglia and Debi Mazar's is the Fog City Diner. The butcher shop used for "Meats of the World" was Prudente Meats on Grant Ave, in the North Beach Section of San Francisco.

text: The scene where Charlie breaks up with Harriet was set in Alamo Square, the background showing the skyline of the city.

text: The final scenes are set at Dunsmuir House in the East Oakland foothills. Additional special effects and matte paintings created the illusion that the location was secluded among mountains.[1] The exterior shot for the café, Cafe Roads, where Myers recites his beat poetry, is the bar Vesuvio, at Columbus Avenue and Jack Kerouac Alley. The filmmakers picked San Francisco as the film's setting because it was an ideal place for a poet like Charlie to live.

text: Myers has said that he was attracted to its "coffeehouse culture, with its clothes and music and its whole sensibility ... people aren't going to bars as much. They tend to go out and have coffee."[1] Several sets were built in warehouses near Candlestick Park, and these soundstages were used for many weeks.[1]

text: Soundtrack[edit]

text:
So I Married an Axe Murderer (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack)
Soundtrack album by Various artistsReleased
July 27, 1993Genre
SoundtrackLength
39:14Label
Columbia

text: Professional ratingsReview scoresSourceRatingAllMusic[7]

text: Track listing[edit]

text:
Boo Radleys - "There She Goes" 2:18
Toad the Wet Sprocket - "Brother" 4:04
Soul Asylum - "The Break" 2:46
Chris Whitley - "Starve To Death" 3:14
Big Audio Dynamite II - "Rush" 3:55
Mike Myers - "This Poem Sucks" 2:04
Ned's Atomic Dustbin - "Saturday Night" 3:08
The Darling Buds - "Long Day In The Universe" 4:08
The Spin Doctors - "Two Princes" 4:15
Suede - "My Insatiable One" 2:57
Sun-60 - "Maybe Baby" 3:43
The La's - "There She Goes" 2:42

tag: ol

text: Other music in the film[edit]

text:
The Bay City Rollers - "Saturday Night"
Ron Gonnelia - "A Touch of Gaelic"
Rod Stewart - "Da Ya Think I'm Sexy" (sung by Mike Myers)
Nancy Travis - "Only You"

text: Score[edit]

text: The film's original score was composed and conducted by Bruce Broughton. Due to the film's having a heavy emphasis on popular music, several of Broughton's cues were replaced with songs (such as his main title music being supplanted by The Boo Radleys' version of "There She Goes," and "Butcher Shop Montage" having Big Audio Dynamite's "Rush" substituted).

text: However, Broughton was appreciative of the support music supervisor Danny Bramson and director Thomas Schlamme gave him, stating "I was given the opportunity to make my case, and I didn't get slighted... But the way it ended up was the way it ended up. It was done with a lot of creative latitude, and creative permission and confidence. I can't complain about the way it came out."[8]

text: Intrada Records released an album of his music on November 25, 2013, featuring the complete score, plus alternates and original versions of cues.

text:
Main Title 	2:55
Boy Meets Girl 	1:09
Weekly World News 	0:38
Butcher Shop Montage 	1:58
Russian Stroll 	2:23
Goin' For It 	2:19
Forever Wet 1 	1:00
Forever Wet 2 	0:59
Creeping Doubt (Revised) 	1:05
Ralph 	1:05
Name Your Poison 	1:12
Ear Needles (Revised) 	0:45
Globe Bridge 	1:08
Reflections 	0:42
You Blew It 	0:27
The Bath (Revised) 	0:54
She's Guilty (Revised) 	1:04
Wedding Bands 	0:32
Inn Source #2 	2:14
Stalking 	0:42
She's Mrs. Axe (Revised) 	0:57
The Finale 	5:27
The Finale Part 2 	3:13
End Theme 	1:35
Go See The Folks 	0:17
Dinner Drive (Original) 	0:27
Goin' For It (Revised) 	2:19
Creeping Doubt (Original) 	1:05
Ear Needles (Original) 	0:14
Globe Bridge (Alternate) 	0:29
Second Thoughts 	0:13
Second Thoughts (Revised) 	0:12
The Bath 	0:52
She's Guilty 	1:05
She's Mrs. Axe 	0:57
The Finale Part 2 (Alternate) 	2:26
Inn Source #1 (Haydn Quartet) 	1:46
Inn Source #2 (Alternate) 	1:32
Only You (And You Alone)	1:31

text: Total Time: 52:56

text: Critical reception[edit]

text: So I Married an Axe Murderer was first shown at a screening to benefit the local San Francisco film office, on July 27, 1993, at the Palace of Fine Arts Theater. It had its official world premiere at the Galaxy Theater in Hollywood on July 28, with Myers, Travis, and LaPaglia in attendance.[5] The film did not perform well at the box office. It was released on July 30 in 1,349 theaters, and grossed $3.4 million USD during its opening weekend, and a total of $11.5 million in North America, well below its $20 million budget.[9]

text: The film had a mixed critical reception. It carries a 55% rating on Rotten Tomatoes, based on 33 reviews. Roger Ebert, in his review for the Chicago Sun-Times, described the film as "a mediocre movie with a good one trapped inside, wildly signaling to be set free." He rated it two and a half stars out of four.[10] Rolling Stone magazine's Peter Travers felt that "Juggling mirth, romance and murder requires a deft touch - think of Hitchcock's Trouble with Harry. Axe is a blunt instrument."[11] Entertainment Weekly's reviewer gave the film a "C-" and said, "In some perverse way, So I Married an Axe Murderer seems to be asking us to laugh at how not-funny it is."[12]

text: In his review for the Washington Post, Hal Hinson had a mixed reaction to Myers' performance, writing "Everything he does is charmingly lightweight and disposable and reasonably impossible to resist. And in the end, because the character is so easily within reach for him, you may come away feeling a little cheated, as if you hadn't quite seen a movie at all."[13] However, Janet Maslin's review in the New York Times said that it came as "a welcome surprise that So I Married an Axe Murderer, which might have been nothing more than a by-the-numbers star vehicle, surrounds Mr. Myers with amusing cameos and gives him a chance to do more than just coast."[14]

text: In his review for the San Francisco Chronicle, Edward Guthmann called the film a "trifle, at best - but it's so full of good spirits, and so rich with talented actors having a marvelous time, that its flaws tend to wash away."[15]

text: Home media[edit]

text: A DVD of the film was first released in June 1999. The artwork for the DVD was different than the original film poster, which had Harriet holding an axe behind her back. A "Deluxe Edition" DVD and Blu-ray edition were released in June 2008.[16]


document_title: I Am Princess X

question_text: where does i am princess x take place

question_tokens: where does i am princess x take place

root

text: I Am Princess X

text: Synopsis[edit]

text: May is a lonely teenager living in Atlanta with her mother but spends summers in Seattle with her father. Years ago, before her parents divorced and they all lived in Seattle, she and her best friend Libby worked together to create the fictional character named Princess X, a warrior-princess that went through whatever adventures the two of them could dream up. This all came to an end when Libby died in a car accident on the Ballard Bridge. Now in present day, May begins seeing stickers and other memorabilia that showcase Princess X during the summer before her 17th birthday. She's directed to a website containing stories of Princess X's exploits, all of which are similar to the stories May wrote years earlier. This leads May to wonder if Libby is still alive. She decides to follow a series of clues left by the people responsible for the website, however as she progresses she discovers that she is not the only person looking for Libby. As the book progresses May discovers that Libby is indeed alive and that she was actually kidnapped by a man who wanted Libby's parents to allow her to be used as part of a medical procedure to save his own daughter. They refuse due to the risk of Libby's own health and well-being, only for the man to murder them and steal Libby away to raise in the place of his own daughter, who died soon after he was turned away. Libby managed to escape but had to remain continually on the run, as the man kept searching for her and lied to authorities, saying that she was his mentally unhinged daughter. The book ends with May and Libby reuniting and the end of her captor's attempts to kidnap her.

tag: p

text: Reception[edit]

text: Critical reception for I Am Princess X has been positive.[3][4][5] MuggleNet praised the book and wrote "The plot’s no Gordian knot, but Priest’s readable style, and the incorporation of a Princess X webcomic into the text itself, keeps you from getting bored with this story. I Am Princess X is pure fun and a much-needed addition to the canon of YA literature for girls who like Reddit and superheroes."[6] Geeks of Doom also wrote a favorable review, commenting that the book's only flaw was that "while it is a perfect read for the female 12 and up set, younger boys might not be interested solely because of the title. But that might be on purpose – the desired readership could be tween and teen girls."[7]


document_title: Jumpsuit (song)

question_text: where was the music video for jumpsuit filmed

text: Jumpsuit (song)

text: Background[edit]

text: The band started working on the song during the Emotional Roadshow World Tour, Tyler Joseph having created the bass riff and would play it during sound checks before shows.[4] On July 6, 2018, the band sent an email of a closing eye with the words "ARE YOU STILL SLEEPING?"[5] Three days later, they returned to social media for the first time in their year-long hiatus, posting a clip from the official video for the song inside of an opening eye.[6] The next day, they posted another clip from the official video playing a muffled version of the song inside a nearly fully open eye.[7] On July 11, the song was finally released along with its music video.[8]

text: Composition[edit]

text: "Jumpsuit" is an alternative and hard rock song that lasts for a duration of three minutes and fifty-eight seconds.[9] According to the sheet music published at Musicnotes.com by Alfred Music, it is written in the Time signature of common time, with a moderately fast Tempo of 127 beats per minute.[9] The song is composed in the key of B minor while Tyler Joseph's vocal range spans one octave and three notes, from a low of D4 to a high of G5.[9] The song was described by Rolling Stone as having "distorted bass guitar, crisp drumming and dark washes of synth" with front-man Tyler Joseph's vocals building from "a near-whisper to a full-throated scream, to an atmospheric falsetto."[10] Idolator described its sound as alternating between "semi-acoustic and hard rock".[11]

text: Music video[edit]

text: A music video for "Jumpsuit" was released on July 11, 2018.[11]  It was directed by Andrew Donoho, who had previously directed the music videos for the duo's songs "Heathens" and "Heavydirtysoul". The video was filmed in Thórsmörk, Iceland.[12] On July 12, 2018, the music video for "Jumpsuit" surpassed "Heathens" for the most YouTube views in one day for the band.[13]

text: The video starts out with the car from the "Heavydirtysoul" video still smoldering, before suddenly catching fire. Lead singer Tyler Joseph jumps onto the car and tells the viewers that they've been here the whole time, they were asleep, and it's time to wake up. The scene then cuts to a valley where Joseph is seen laying unconscious in a stream of water, he wakes up and observes his surroundings when mysterious people in yellow outfits appear upon the clifftops of the valley watching him. As he makes his way through the valley, he is pursued by a red hooded figure on a white horse who upon catching up to him smears black paint on his neck. Following this, he is seen following the red-hooded figure on the horse in a trance-like state. The people in yellow throw yellow petals at the hooded figure and Joseph, breaking him out of his trance and disorientating the bishop's horse, allowing him to run away. However, Joseph falls and is captured by the bishop. The video ends with cutting back to the original scene, with Joseph opening the back of the flaming car, grabbing a yellow jumpsuit and putting it on before walking away.

text: Reception[edit]

text: Spin was critical of the song, finding the lyrics and backstory confusing, and feeling that its progressive rock inspired song structure would not catch on as contemporary pop music.[14] Chris Willman, writing for Variety, was more positive, saying "The color-coded storytelling of "Jumpsuit" doesn't get in the way of its thunderous pleasures".[15] PopMatters' Joshua Copperman called the song the band's "heaviest, even best song to date".[16]

text: Commercial performance[edit]

text: "Jumpsuit" debuted at No. 60 on the Billboard Hot 100 the week of July 21, 2018, with 11.4 million airplay audience impressions, 5.2 million U.S. streams and 22,000 downloads sold according to Nielsen Music, and peaked at No. 50 the following week.[17] The same month, "Jumpsuit" peaked at number one on the Billboard Alternative Songs chart, the band's fourth on the list. By taking two weeks to peak at number one, "Jumpsuit" became the fastest song to reach number one on the Alternative Songs chart since the 2010s.[18] The song also peaked at No. 6 on the Hot Rock Songs chart. Later, the song peaked at number one on the Rock Airplay chart, marking the band's third on the list.[19]

text: Live performances[edit]

text: Twenty One Pilots first played the song at the Brixton Academy for their concert "A Complete Diversion", on stage with a burning car and yellow petals from the original music video.[20] They also performed the song at the 2018 American Music Awards with the same type of setting.[21]

text: Personnel[edit]

text:
Tyler Joseph – vocals, bass, guitar, synthesizers, programming, piano
Josh Dun – drums, percussion

tag: ul

text: Usage in media[edit]

text: The song appears on the soundtrack for the video game NHL 19,[22] in addition to an episode of Riverdale.

text: Charts[edit]

text:
Chart (2018)

Peakposition

Australia (ARIA)[23]

76

Austria (Ö3 Austria Top 40)[24]

66

Belgium (Ultratip Flanders)[25]

22

Belgium (Ultratip Wallonia)[26]

12

Canada (Canadian Hot 100)[27]

61

Czech Republic (Singles Digitál Top 100)[28]

2

France (SNEP)[29]

125

Greece International Digital Singles (IFPI)[30]

36

Hungary (Single Top 40)[31]

6

Hungary (Stream Top 40)[32]

27

Ireland (IRMA)[33]

41

New Zealand Hot Singles (RMNZ)[34]

5

Portugal (AFP)[35]

69

Scotland (Official Charts Company)[36]

29

Slovakia (Singles Digitál Top 100)[37]

8

Sweden Heatseeker (Sverigetopplistan)[38]

10

UK Singles (Official Charts Company)[39]

50

US Billboard Hot 100[40]

50

US Hot Rock Songs (Billboard)[41]

6

US Rock Airplay (Billboard)[42]

1

US Digital Songs (Billboard)[43]

6

tag: table


document_title: List of Wimbledon gentlemen's singles champions

question_text: who has won the most mens wimbledon titles

text: History[edit]

text: The Wimbledon Championships are played in the first two weeks of July (as of July 2017, prior to this it was last week in June and 1st week in July) and has been chronologically the third of the four Grand Slam tournaments of the tennis season since 1987.[2] The event was not held from 1915 to 1918 because of World War I and again from 1940 to 1945 because of World War II.[4]

text: The Gentlemen's Singles' rules have undergone several changes since the first edition. From 1878 until 1921, the event started with a knockout phase, the All Comers' Singles, whose winner then faced the defending champion in a challenge round. The All Comers' winner was automatically awarded the title six times (1879, 1887, 1891, 1895, 1907, 1908) in the absence of the previous year's champion. The challenge round system was abolished with the 1922 edition.[5] Since the first championships, all matches have been played at the best-of-five sets. Between 1877 and 1883, the winner of the next game at five games – all took the set in every match except the All Comers' final, and the challenge round, which were won with six games and a two games advantage. All sets were decided in this advantage format from 1884 to 1970.[5] The lingering death best of 12 points tie-break was introduced in 1971 for the first four sets, played at eight games all until 1978 and at six games all since 1979.[5][6][7]

text: Since 1949, the Gentlemen's Singles champion has received a miniature replica of the event's trophy, a silver-gilt cup created in 1887 with the engraved inscription: "The All England Lawn Tennis Club Single Handed Champion of the World".[8] New singles champions are traditionally elected honorary members of the AELTC by the club's committee.[c][9] In 2017, the Gentlemen's Singles winner received prize money of £2,220,000.[10]

text: In the Amateur Era, William Renshaw (1881–1886, 1889) holds the record for the most titles in the Gentlemen's Singles, winning Wimbledon seven times. Renshaw's wins, however, came within the challenge round format, and he won the event only twice after going through a complete draw. Renshaw also holds the record for most consecutive titles with six from (1881 to 1886). The record for most consecutive and most wins post challenge round during the Amateur Era is Fred Perry (1934–1936).[4]

text: In the Open Era, since the inclusion of professional tennis players in 1968, Roger Federer (2003–2007, 2009, 2012, 2017) holds the record for the  most Gentlemen's Singles titles with eight. Björn Borg (1976–1980) and Roger Federer (2003–2007) share the record for most consecutive victories with five.[4]

text: This event was won without losing a single set in the entire tournament during the Open Era twice, in 1976 by Björn Borg and in 2017 by Roger Federer.

text: Roger Federer is the only player in history, in both the Amateur and Open Era, to reach the Wimbledon Gentlemen's Singles Final eleven times. He has won on eight occasions and lost on three.

text: Champions[edit]

text:
Regular competition

All Comers' winner, Challenge round winner ‡

Defending champion, Challenge round winner †

All Comers' winner, no Challenge round ◊

text: Amateur era[edit]

text:
Year[d]

Country

Champion

Country

Runner-up

Score in the final[4]

1877
 BRI[e]
Spencer Gore
 BRI
William Marshall
6–1, 6–2, 6–4

1878
 BRI
Frank Hadow ‡
 BRI
Spencer Gore
7–5, 6–1, 9–7

1879
 BRI
John Hartley ◊
 BRI
Vere St. Leger Goold
6–2, 6–4, 6–2

1880
 BRI
John Hartley †
 BRI
Herbert Lawford
6–3, 6–2, 2–6, 6–3

1881
 BRI
William Renshaw ‡
 BRI
John Hartley
6–0, 6–1, 6–1

1882
 BRI
William Renshaw †
 BRI
Ernest Renshaw
6–1, 2–6, 4–6, 6–2, 6–2

1883
 BRI
William Renshaw †
 BRI
Ernest Renshaw
2–6, 6–3, 6–3, 4–6, 6–3

1884
 BRI
William Renshaw †
 BRI
Herbert Lawford
6–0, 6–4, 9–7

1885
 BRI
William Renshaw †
 BRI
Herbert Lawford
7–5, 6–2, 4–6, 7–5

1886
 BRI
William Renshaw †
 BRI
Herbert Lawford
6–0, 5–7, 6–3, 6–4

1887
 BRI
Herbert Lawford ◊
 BRI
Ernest Renshaw
1–6, 6–3, 3–6, 6–4, 6–4

1888
 BRI
Ernest Renshaw ‡
 BRI
Herbert Lawford
6–3, 7–5, 6–0

1889
 BRI
William Renshaw ‡
 BRI
Ernest Renshaw
6–4, 6–1, 3–6, 6–0

1890
 BRI
Willoughby Hamilton ‡
 BRI
William Renshaw
6–8, 6–2, 3–6, 6–1, 6–1

1891
 BRI
Wilfred Baddeley ◊
 BRI
Joshua Pim
6–4, 1–6, 7–5, 6–0

1892
 BRI
Wilfred Baddeley †
 BRI
Joshua Pim
4–6, 6–3, 6–3, 6–2

1893
 BRI
Joshua Pim ‡
 BRI
Wilfred Baddeley
3–6, 6–1, 6–3, 6–2

1894
 BRI
Joshua Pim †
 BRI
Wilfred Baddeley
10–8, 6–2, 8–6

1895
 BRI
Wilfred Baddeley ◊
 BRI
Wilberforce Eaves
4–6, 2–6, 8–6, 6–2, 6–3

1896
 BRI
Harold Mahony ‡
 BRI
Wilfred Baddeley
6–2, 6–8, 5–7, 8–6, 6–3

1897
 BRI
Reginald Doherty ‡
 BRI
Harold Mahony
6–4, 6–4, 6–3

1898
 BRI
Reginald Doherty †
 BRI
Laurence Doherty
6–3, 6–3, 2–6, 5–7, 6–1

1899
 BRI
Reginald Doherty †
 BRI
Arthur Gore
1–6, 4–6, 6–3, 6–3, 6–3

1900
 BRI
Reginald Doherty †
 BRI
Sydney Smith
6–8, 6–3, 6–1, 6–2

1901
 BRI
Arthur Gore ‡
 BRI
Reginald Doherty
4–6, 7–5, 6–4, 6–4

1902
 BRI
Laurence Doherty ‡
 BRI
Arthur Gore
6–4, 6–3, 3–6, 6–0

1903
 BRI
Laurence Doherty †
 BRI
Frank Riseley
7–5, 6–3, 6–0

1904
 BRI
Laurence Doherty †
 BRI
Frank Riseley
6–1, 7–5, 8–6

1905
 BRI
Laurence Doherty †
 AUS
Norman Brookes
8–6, 6–2, 6–4

1906
 BRI
Laurence Doherty †
 BRI
Frank Riseley
6–4, 4–6, 6–2, 6–3

1907
 AUS
Norman Brookes ◊
 BRI
Arthur Gore
6–4, 6–2, 6–2

1908
 BRI
Arthur Gore ◊
 BRI
Herbert Roper Barrett
6–3, 6–2, 4–6, 3–6, 6–4

1909
 BRI
Arthur Gore †
 BRI
Major Ritchie
6–8, 1–6, 6–2, 6–2, 6–2

1910
 NZL
Anthony Wilding ‡
 BRI
Arthur Gore
6–4, 7–5, 4–6, 6–2

1911
 NZL
Anthony Wilding †
 BRI
Herbert Roper Barrett
6–4, 4–6, 2–6, 6–2, retired[f]

1912
 NZL
Anthony Wilding †
 BRI
Arthur Gore
6–4, 6–4, 4–6, 6–4

1913
 NZL
Anthony Wilding †
 USA
Maurice McLoughlin
8–6, 6–3, 10–8

1914
 AUS
Norman Brookes ‡
 NZL
Anthony Wilding
6–4, 6–4, 7–5

1915
No competition (due to World War I)

1916

1917

1918

1919
 AUS
Gerald Patterson ‡
 AUS
Norman Brookes
6–3, 7–5, 6–2

1920
 USA
Bill Tilden ‡
 AUS
Gerald Patterson
2–6, 6–3, 6–2, 6–4

1921
 USA
Bill Tilden †
 SAF
Brian Norton
4–6, 2–6, 6–1, 6–0, 7–5

1922
 AUS
Gerald Patterson
 BRI
Randolph Lycett
6–3, 6–4, 6–2

1923
 USA
Bill Johnston
 USA
Francis Hunter
6–0, 6–3, 6–1

1924
 FRA
Jean Borotra
 FRA
René Lacoste
6–1, 3–6, 6–1, 3–6, 6–4

1925
 FRA
René Lacoste
 FRA
Jean Borotra
6–3, 6–3, 4–6, 8–6

1926
 FRA
Jean Borotra
 USA
Howard Kinsey
8–6, 6–1, 6–3

1927
 FRA
Henri Cochet
 FRA
Jean Borotra
4–6, 4–6, 6–3, 6–4, 7–5

1928
 FRA
René Lacoste
 FRA
Henri Cochet
6–1, 4–6, 6–4, 6–2

1929
 FRA
Henri Cochet
 FRA
Jean Borotra
6–4, 6–3, 6–4

1930
 USA
Bill Tilden
 USA
Wilmer Allison
6–3, 9–7, 6–4

1931
 USA
Sidney Wood
 USA
Frank Shields
walkover[h]

1932
 USA
Ellsworth Vines
 GBR
Bunny Austin
6–4, 6–2, 6–0

1933
 AUS
Jack Crawford
 USA
Ellsworth Vines
4–6, 11–9, 6–2, 2–6, 6–4

1934
 GBR
Fred Perry
 AUS
Jack Crawford
6–3, 6–0, 7–5

1935
 GBR
Fred Perry
 GER
Gottfried von Cramm
6–2, 6–4, 6–4

1936
 GBR
Fred Perry
 GER
Gottfried von Cramm
6–1, 6–1, 6–0

1937
 USA
Don Budge
 GER
Gottfried von Cramm
6–3, 6–4, 6–2

1938
 USA
Don Budge
 GBR
Bunny Austin
6–1, 6–0, 6–3

1939
 USA
Bobby Riggs
 USA
Elwood Cooke
2–6, 8–6, 3–6, 6–3, 6–2

1940
No competition (due to World War II)

1941

1942

1943

1944

1945

1946
 FRA
Yvon Petra
 AUS
Geoff Brown
6–2, 6–4, 7–9, 5–7, 6–4

1947
 USA
Jack Kramer
 USA
Tom Brown
6–1, 6–3, 6–2

1948
 USA
Bob Falkenburg
 AUS
John Bromwich
7–5, 0–6, 6–2, 3–6, 7–5

1949
 USA
Ted Schroeder
 TCH
Jaroslav Drobný
3–6, 6–0, 6–3, 4–6, 6–4

1950
 USA
Budge Patty
 AUS
Frank Sedgman
6–1, 8–10, 6–2, 6–3

1951
 USA
Dick Savitt
 AUS
Ken McGregor
6–4, 6–4, 6–4

1952
 AUS
Frank Sedgman
 EGY
Jaroslav Drobný
4–6, 6–2, 6–3, 6–2

1953
 USA
Vic Seixas
 DEN
Kurt Nielsen
9–7, 6–3, 6–4

1954
 EGY
Jaroslav Drobný
 AUS
Ken Rosewall
13–11, 4–6, 6–2, 9–7

1955
 USA
Tony Trabert
 DEN
Kurt Nielsen
6–3, 7–5, 6–1

1956
 AUS
Lew Hoad
 AUS
Ken Rosewall
6–2, 4–6, 7–5, 6–4

1957
 AUS
Lew Hoad
 AUS
Ashley Cooper
6–2, 6–1, 6–2

1958
 AUS
Ashley Cooper
 AUS
Neale Fraser
3–6, 6–3, 6–4, 13–11

1959
 PER[j]
Alex Olmedo
 AUS
Rod Laver
6–4, 6–3, 6–4

1960
 AUS
Neale Fraser
 AUS
Rod Laver
6–4, 3–6, 9–7, 7–5

1961
 AUS
Rod Laver
 USA
Chuck McKinley
6–3, 6–1, 6–4

1962
 AUS
Rod Laver
 AUS
Martin Mulligan
6–2, 6–2, 6–1

1963
 USA
Chuck McKinley
 AUS
Fred Stolle
9–7, 6–1, 6–4

1964
 AUS
Roy Emerson
 AUS
Fred Stolle
6–4, 12–10, 4–6, 6–3

1965
 AUS
Roy Emerson
 AUS
Fred Stolle
6–2, 6–4, 6–4

1966
 ESP
Manuel Santana
 USA
Dennis Ralston
6–4, 11–9, 6–4

1967
 AUS
John Newcombe
 FRG
Wilhelm Bungert
6–3, 6–1, 6–1

text: Open era[edit]

text:
Year[d]

Country

Champion

Country

Runner-up

Score in the final[4]

1968
 AUS
Rod Laver
 AUS
Tony Roche
6–3, 6–4, 6–2

1969
 AUS
Rod Laver
 AUS
John Newcombe
6–4, 5–7, 6–4, 6–4

1970
 AUS
John Newcombe
 AUS
Ken Rosewall
5–7, 6–3, 6–2, 3–6, 6–1

1971
 AUS
John Newcombe
 USA
Stan Smith
6–3, 5–7, 2–6, 6–4, 6–4

1972
 USA
Stan Smith
 ROM
Ilie Năstase
4–6, 6–3, 6–3, 4–6, 7–5

1973
 TCH
Jan Kodeš
 URS
Alex Metreveli
6–1, 9–8(7–5), 6–3

1974
 USA
Jimmy Connors
 AUS
Ken Rosewall
6–1, 6–1, 6–4

1975
 USA
Arthur Ashe
 USA
Jimmy Connors
6–1, 6–1, 5–7, 6–4

1976
 SWE
Björn Borg
 ROM
Ilie Năstase
6–4, 6–2, 9–7

1977
 SWE
Björn Borg
 USA
Jimmy Connors
3–6, 6–2, 6–1, 5–7, 6–4

1978
 SWE
Björn Borg
 USA
Jimmy Connors
6–2, 6–2, 6–3

1979
 SWE
Björn Borg
 USA
Roscoe Tanner
6–7(4–7), 6–1, 3–6, 6–3, 6–4

1980
 SWE
Björn Borg
 USA
John McEnroe
1–6, 7–5, 6–3, 6–7(16–18), 8–6

1981
 USA
John McEnroe
 SWE
Björn Borg
4–6, 7–6(7–1), 7–6(7–4), 6–4

1982
 USA
Jimmy Connors
 USA
John McEnroe
3–6, 6–3, 6–7(2–7), 7–6(7–5), 6–4

1983
 USA
John McEnroe
 NZL
Chris Lewis
6–2, 6–2, 6–2

1984
 USA
John McEnroe
 USA
Jimmy Connors
6–1, 6–1, 6–2

1985
 FRG
Boris Becker
 USA[n]
Kevin Curren
6–3, 6–7(4–7), 7–6(7–3), 6–4

1986
 FRG
Boris Becker
 TCH
Ivan Lendl
6–4, 6–3, 7–5

1987
 AUS
Pat Cash
 TCH
Ivan Lendl
7–6(7–5), 6–2, 7–5

1988
 SWE
Stefan Edberg
 FRG
Boris Becker
4–6, 7–6(7–2), 6–4, 6–2

1989
 FRG
Boris Becker
 SWE
Stefan Edberg
6–0, 7–6(7–1), 6–4

1990
 SWE
Stefan Edberg
 FRG
Boris Becker
6–2, 6–2, 3–6, 3–6, 6–4

1991
 GER
Michael Stich
 GER
Boris Becker
6–4, 7–6(7–4), 6–4

1992
 USA
Andre Agassi
 CRO
Goran Ivanišević
6–7(8–10), 6–4, 6–4, 1–6, 6–4

1993
 USA
Pete Sampras
 USA
Jim Courier
7–6(7–3), 7–6(8–6), 3–6, 6–3

1994
 USA
Pete Sampras
 CRO
Goran Ivanišević
7–6(7–2), 7–6(7–5), 6–0

1995
 USA
Pete Sampras
 GER
Boris Becker
6–7(5–7), 6–2, 6–4, 6–2

1996
 NED
Richard Krajicek
 USA
MaliVai Washington
6–3, 6–4, 6–3

1997
 USA
Pete Sampras
 FRA
Cédric Pioline
6–4, 6–2, 6–4

1998
 USA
Pete Sampras
 CRO
Goran Ivanišević
6–7(2–7), 7–6(11–9), 6–4, 3–6, 6–2

1999
 USA
Pete Sampras
 USA
Andre Agassi
6–3, 6–4, 7–5

2000
 USA
Pete Sampras
 AUS
Patrick Rafter
6–7(10–12), 7–6(7–5), 6–4, 6–2

2001
 CRO
Goran Ivanišević
 AUS
Patrick Rafter
6–3, 3–6, 6–3, 2–6, 9–7

2002
 AUS
Lleyton Hewitt
 ARG
David Nalbandian
6–1, 6–3, 6–2

2003
  SUI
Roger Federer
 AUS
Mark Philippoussis
7–6(7–5), 6–2, 7–6(7–3)

2004
  SUI
Roger Federer
 USA
Andy Roddick
4–6, 7–5, 7–6(7–3), 6–4

2005
  SUI
Roger Federer
 USA
Andy Roddick
6–2, 7–6(7–2), 6–4

2006
  SUI
Roger Federer
 ESP
Rafael Nadal
6–0, 7–6(7–5), 6–7(2–7), 6–3

2007
  SUI
Roger Federer
 ESP
Rafael Nadal
7–6(9–7), 4–6, 7–6(7–3), 2–6, 6–2

2008
 ESP
Rafael Nadal
  SUI
Roger Federer
6–4, 6–4, 6–7(5–7), 6–7(8–10), 9–7

2009
  SUI
Roger Federer
 USA
Andy Roddick
5–7, 7–6(8–6), 7–6(7–5), 3–6, 16–14

2010
 ESP
Rafael Nadal
 CZE
Tomáš Berdych
6–3, 7–5, 6–4

2011
 SRB
Novak Djokovic
 ESP
Rafael Nadal
6–4, 6–1, 1–6, 6–3

2012
  SUI
Roger Federer
 GBR
Andy Murray
4–6, 7–5, 6–3, 6–4

2013
 GBR
Andy Murray
 SRB
Novak Djokovic
6–4, 7–5, 6–4

2014
 SRB
Novak Djokovic
  SUI
Roger Federer
6–7(7–9), 6–4, 7–6(7–4), 5–7, 6–4

2015
 SRB
Novak Djokovic
  SUI
Roger Federer
7–6(7–1), 6–7(10–12), 6–4, 6–3

2016
 GBR
Andy Murray
 CAN
Milos Raonic
6–4, 7–6(7–3), 7–6(7–2)

2017
  SUI
Roger Federer
 CRO
Marin Čilić
6–3, 6–1, 6–4

2018
 SRB
Novak Djokovic
 RSA
Kevin Anderson
6–2, 6–2, 7–6(7–3)

text: Statistics[edit]

text: Multiple Champions[edit]

text: Title defended in the challenge round

text:
Player

Open Era

Amateur Era

All-time

Years

 Roger Federer (SUI)
8
0
8
2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2012, 2017

 William Renshaw (BRI)
0
7
7
1881, 1882, 1883, 1884, 1885, 1886, 1889

 Pete Sampras (USA)
7
0
7
1993, 1994, 1995, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000

 Laurence Doherty (BRI)
0
5
5
1902, 1903, 1904, 1905, 1906

 Björn Borg (SWE)
5
0
5
1976, 1977, 1978, 1979, 1980

 Reginald Doherty (BRI)
0
4
4
1897, 1898, 1899, 1900

 Anthony Wilding (NZL)
0
4
4
1910, 1911, 1912, 1913

 Rod Laver (AUS)
2
2
4
1961, 1962, 1968, 1969

 Novak Djokovic (SRB)
4
0
4
2011, 2014, 2015, 2018

 Wilfred Baddeley (BRI)
0
3
3
1891, 1892, 1895

 Arthur Gore (BRI)
0
3
3
1901, 1908, 1909

 Bill Tilden (USA)
0
3
3
1920, 1921, 1930

 Fred Perry (GBR)
0
3
3
1934, 1935, 1936

 John Newcombe (AUS)
2
1
3
1967, 1970, 1971

 John McEnroe (USA)
3
0
3
1981, 1983, 1984

 Boris Becker (GER)
3
0
3
1985, 1986, 1989

 John Hartley (BRI)
0
2
2
1879, 1880

 Joshua Pim (BRI)
0
2
2
1893, 1894

 Norman Brookes (AUS)
0
2
2
1907, 1914

 Gerald Patterson (AUS)
0
2
2
1919, 1922

 Jean Borotra (FRA)
0
2
2
1924, 1926

 René Lacoste (FRA)
0
2
2
1925, 1928

 Henri Cochet (FRA)
0
2
2
1927, 1929

 Don Budge (USA)
0
2
2
1937, 1938

 Lew Hoad (AUS)
0
2
2
1956, 1957

 Roy Emerson (AUS)
0
2
2
1964, 1965

 Jimmy Connors (USA)
2
0
2
1974, 1982

 Stefan Edberg (SWE)
2
0
2
1988, 1990

 Rafael Nadal (ESP)
2
0
2
2008, 2010

 Andy Murray (GBR)
2
0
2
2013, 2016

text: Champions by country[edit]

text:
Country

Amateur Era

Open Era

All-time

First title

Last title

 United Kingdom (UK)[e][k]
35
2
37
1877
2016

 United States (USA)
18
15
33
1920
2000

 Australia (AUS)
15
6
21
1907
2002

  Switzerland (SUI)
0
8
8
2003
2017

 France (FRA)
7
0
7
1924
1946

 Sweden (SWE)
0
7
7
1976
1990

 Germany (GER)[l]
0
4
4
1985
1991

 New Zealand (NZL)
4
0
4
1910
1913

 Serbia (SRB)
0
4
4
2011
2018

 Spain (ESP)
1
2
3
1966
2010

 Croatia (CRO)
0
1
1
2001
2001

 Czechoslovakia (TCH) ¤[m]
0
1
1
1973
1973

 Egypt (EGY)
1
0
1
1954
1954

 Netherlands (NED)
0
1
1
1996
1996

text: Former country ¤


document_title: Union Public Service Commission

question_text: who has become the new member of upsc

question_tokens: who has become the new member of upsc

text: Union Public Service Commission

text: History[edit]

text: The Royal Commission on the superior Civil Services in India was set up under the chairmanship of Lord Lee of Fareham by the British Government in 1923.[10][8] With equal numbers of Indian and British members, the commission submitted its report in 1924, recommending setting up of a Public Service Commission.[11] The Lee Commission proposed that 40% of future entrants should be British, 40% Indians directly recruited, and 20% Indians promoted from the provincial services.[10][9]

text: This led to the establishment of the first Public Service Commission on 1 October 1926 under the chairmanship of Sir Ross Barker.[8] A mere limited advisory function was granted to the Public Service Commission and the leaders of the freedom movement continually stressed on this aspect, which then resulted in the setting up of a Federal Public Service Commission under the Government of India Act, 1935.[8][9]

text: The Federal Public Service Commission became the Union Public Service Commission after independence. It was given a constitutional status with under of Constitution of India on 26 January 1950.[11][9][12]

text: Constitutional status[edit]

text: Articles 315 to 323 of Part XIV of the constitution, titled as Services Under the Union and the States, provide for a Public Service Commission for the Union and for each state.[5][6] Accordingly, as per Art. 315, at Union level, Union Public Service Commission is envisaged by it. UPSC is amongst the few institutions which function with both autonomy and freedom, along with the country’s higher judiciary and lately the Election Commission.[7]

text: Appointment[edit]

text: As per Art. 316, the Chairman and other members of Union Public Service Commission shall be appointed by the President. In case the office of the Chairman becomes vacant his duties shall be performed by one of the other members of the Commission as the President may appoint for the purpose.[13]

text: Also, nearly half of the members of the Commission shall be persons who at the dates of their respective appointments have held office for at least ten years either under the Government of India or under the Government of a State. A member of a Union Public Service Commission shall hold office for a term of six years from the date on which he enters upon his office or until he attains the age of sixty-five years, whichever is earlier. Under Art 318, the President is empowered to determine number of members of the Commission and their conditions of service. Further, he can make provision with respect to the number of members of the staff of the Commission and their conditions of service too. Also, conditions of service cannot be varied to his disadvantage after his appointment.[13]

text: As per Art 319, a person who holds office as Chairman shall, on the expiration of his term of office, be ineligible for re-appointment to that office. But, a member other than the Chairman of the Union Public Service Commission shall be eligible for appointment as the Chairman of the Union Public Service Commission, or as the Chairman of a State Public Service Commission, but not for any other employment either under the Government of India or under the Government of a State. Also, the Chairman of a State Public Service Commission shall be eligible for appointment as the Chairman or any other member of the Union Public Service Commission.[13]

text: Removal and suspension[edit]

text: As per Art. 317, the Chairman or any other member of a Public Service Commission shall only be removed from his office by order of the President on the ground of "misbehaviour" after the Supreme Court, on reference being made to it by the President, has, on inquiry reported that the Chairman or such other member ought to be removed. The President may suspend the Chairman or other member of the Commission until report of the Supreme Court is received.[13]

text: The President may also remove the Chairman or any other member of the commission if he/she:

text:
is adjudged an insolvent; or
engages during his term of office in any paid employment outside the duties of his office; or
is, in the opinion of the President, unfit to continue in office by reason of infirmity of mind or body.

text: If the Chairman or any other member cannot hold an office of profit or otherwise he shall be deemed to be guilty of misbehaviour.[13]

text: Functions[edit]

text: As per Art. 320, it shall be the duty of the Union Public Service Commissions to conduct examinations for appointments to the services of the Union. It shall also assist two or more States, if requested so, in framing and operating schemes of joint recruitment for any services.[13]

text: The Union Public Service Commission shall be consulted:

text:
on all matters relating to
methods of recruitment to civil services and for civil posts
making appointments to civil services and posts
making promotions and transfers from one service to another
the suitability of candidates for such appointments, promotions or transfers
on all disciplinary matters against a civil servant serving in a civil capacity, including memorials or petitions relating to such matters.
on any claim by or in respect of a person who is serving or has served in a civil capacity, that any costs incurred by him in defending legal proceedings instituted against him in respect of acts done or purporting to be done in the execution of his duty should be paid out of the Consolidated Fund of India.
on any claim for the award of a pension in respect of injuries sustained by a person while serving in a civil capacity, and any question as to the amount of such award.

text: It shall be the duty of a Union Public Service Commission to advise on any matter referred to them; provided that the President has not made any regulations specifying the matters in which it shall not be necessary for Union Public Service Commission to be consulted.[13]

text: Expenses[edit]

text: As per Art. 322, the expenses of the Union Public Service Commission, including any salaries, allowances and pensions payable to or in respect of the members or staff of the Commission, shall be charged on the Consolidated Fund of India.[13]

text: Extension of functions[edit]

text: As per Art. 321, an Act made by Parliament may provide for the exercise of additional functions by the Union Public Service Commission w.r.t. services of the Union.[13]

text: Reporting[edit]

text: As per Art. 323, it shall be the duty of the Union Commission to annually present a report to the President of the work done by the Commission. On receipt of such report, the President shall present a copy before each House of Parliament; together with a memorandum, if any, explaining the reasons where the advice of the Commission was not accepted by him.[13]

text: Organisational structure[edit]

text: The Commission consists of a chairman and other members appointed by The President of India. Usually, the Commission consists of 9 to 11 members including the chairman.[14] Every member holds office for a term of six years or until he attains the age of sixty-five years, whichever is earlier.

text: The terms and conditions of service of chairman and members of the Commission are governed by the Union Public Service Commission (Members) Regulations, 1969.[15]

text: The chairman and any other member of the Commission can submit his resignation at any time to the President of India. He may be removed from his office by the President of India on the ground of misbehaviour (only if an inquiry of such misbehaviour is made and upheld by Supreme Court) or if he is adjudged insolvent, or engages during his term of office in any paid employment outside the duties of his office, or in the opinion of the President unfit to continue in office by reason of infirmity of mind or body.

text: Secretariat[edit]

text: The Commission is serviced by a Secretariat headed by a Secretary with four Additional Secretaries, a number of Joint Secretaries, Deputy Secretaries and other supporting staff.[16] The secretariat, for administrative purpose, is further divided into divisions, each undertaking a specific responsibility:[17]

text:
Administration: Administers the Secretariat as well as looks after personal matters of Chairman/Members and other Officers/Staff of the Commission.[18]
All India Services: Recruitment to All India Services is done either by direct recruitment (through Competitive Examinations) or by promotion from the State Service. The AIS Branch handles the promotions of State Service officers to the IAS, IPS and IFS. It also handles policy matters relating to All India Services and amendments in the 'Promotion Regulations' of respective services.[19]
Appointments: It carry out appointments to central services based on Promotion(based on proposals from various Ministries/Departments/Union Territories and from certain local bodies) and by the means of Deputation and Absorption.[20]
Examination: It carries out merit-based selection and recommendation of candidates, through various examinations, to Group A and Group B Services of the Government of India.[21]
General: Primarily deals with day-to-day housekeeping works for Commission, like, arrangements and facilitation for conduction of Examinations by the UPSC, printing Annual Report etc.[22]
Recruitment: This branch carries out Direct Recruitment(out of the 3 possible mechanisms of : 'direct recruitment', 'recruitment by promotion' and 'recruitment by transfer and permanent absorption') by selection to all Group `A’ and certain Group `B’ posts of the services of the Union (including some Union Territories). These recruitment are done either by selection(interview) or through competitive examination.[23]
Recruitment Rules: The Commission is mandated under Art. 320 of the Constitution of India, read along the UPSC (Exemption from Consultation) Regulations, 1958, to advise on framing and amending of Recruitment and Service Rules for various Group A and Group B posts in the Government of India, and certain autonomous organizations like EPFO, ESIC, DJB, NDMC & Municipal Corporations(s) of Delhi. This Branch carries out this responsibility by facilitating the Ministries / Departments / UT Administrations / Autonomous Organisations in this regard.[24]
Services I: Handles disciplinary cases received from various Ministries/Departments and State Governments for advice of the Commission, as required under Article 320 (3)(c).
Services II: Handles all other cases that 'Services I' branch doesn't. It compiles the Annual Report. Also, it coordinates visits of foreign delegations, correspondence with foreign countries and hosting of international events concerning Public Service Commissions, including the SAARC Member States.

text: Present members[edit]

text: The commission has 8 members including the Chairman, who are:[25]

text:
Arvind Saxena (Chairman)
Prof. Dr. Pradeep Kumar Joshi
Bhim Sain Bassi
Air Marshal A. S. Bhonsle (Retd.)
Sujata Mehta
Dr. Manoj Soni[2]
Smita Nagaraj[3]
M. Sathiyavathy[1]

text: List of all chairman[edit]

text: Following is the list of Chairmen of UPSC:[26]

text:
List of UPSC Chairmen (since inception)
hide

Chairman

Term

Background

From

To

Sir Ross Barker
October 1926

August 1932

Sir David Petrie
August 1932

1936

Sir Eyre Gorden
1937

1942

Sir F. W. Robertson
1942

1947

H. K. Kripalani
April 1947

January 1949

R. N. Banerjee
January 1949

May 1955

N. Govindarajan
May 1955

December 1955

V. S. Hejmadi
December 1955

December 1961

B. N. Jha
December 1961

February 1967

K. R. Damle
April 1967

March 1971

R.C.S. Sarkar
May 1971

February 1973
Academician, West Bengal Civil Services Officer

A. R. Kidwai
February 1973

February 1979

M. L. Shahare
February 1979

February 1985

H. K. L. Capoor
February 1985

March 1990

J. P. Gupta
March 1990

June 1992

R. M. Bathew (Kharbuli)
September 1992

August 1996

S. J. S. Chhatwal
August 1996

September 1996

J. M. Qureshi
September 1996

December 1998

Lt. Gen. Surinder Nath
December 1998

June 2002

P. C. Hota
June 2002

September 2003

Mata Prasad
September 2003

January 2005
Indian Administrative Service of 1962 Batch

S. R. Hashim
January 2005

April 2006

D. P. Agrawal
August 2008

August 2014
Academician

Rajni Razdan
August 2014[27]

November 2014
Indian Administrative Service Officer of 1973 Batch, Haryana cadre[28]

Deepak Gupta
November 2014

September 2016
Indian Administrative Service Officer of 1974 Batch, Jharkhand cadre[29][30]

Alka Sirohi
September 21, 2016

January 3, 2017
Indian Administrative Service Officer of 1974 Batch,[31] Madhya Pradesh cadre[32]

David R. Syiemlieh
January 4, 2017

January 21, 2018
Academician[33] and former Vice-Chancellor of the Rajiv Gandhi University, Itanagar[34]

Vinay Mittal
January 22, 2018

June 19, 2018
Former Chairman of the Railway Board and Indian Railway Traffic Service Officer of 1975 Batch[35]

Arvind Saxena
June 20, 2018

till date
Indian Postal Service Officer of 1978 Batch and an Officer of the Research and Analysis Wing[36]
References[edit]

^ Jump up to: a b https://web.archive.org/web/20180621075148/http://upsc.gov.in/about-us/commission

^ Jump up to: a b http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=166927

^ Jump up to: a b http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=174018

Jump up ^ "UPSC | Functions". www.upsc.gov.in.

^ Jump up to: a b "Constitutional Provisions". www.upsc.gov.in.

^ Jump up to: a b "PART XIV: SERVICES UNDER THE UNION AND THE STATES" (PDF). lawmin.nic.in. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 December 2011.

^ Jump up to: a b J. S. Verma (11 April 2009). "Incredible CBI". Indian Express. Retrieved July 3, 2016.

^ Jump up to: a b c d "Civil Administration and legal foundation". vle.du.ac.in. Retrieved 2017-06-23.

^ Jump up to: a b c d "Historical Perspective". www.upsc.gov.in.

^ Jump up to: a b "Lee Commission | Indian history". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 2017-06-23.

^ Jump up to: a b "Citizen's Charter of UPSC". www.upsc.gov.in.

Jump up ^ "Union Public Service Commission (U.P.S.C) - History, Functions, Powers - Important India". Important India. 2013-08-20. Retrieved 2017-06-23.

^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j "Constitution of India" (PDF). Government of India. November 2015. Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 April 2016. Retrieved 27 June 2017.   This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.

Jump up ^ "The members of the Union Public Service Commission". UNION PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION. 2017.

Jump up ^ "Notification_39019_05_96_Estt(B)" (PDF). document.ccis.nic.in.

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Jump up ^ "UPSC Divisions". www.upsc.gov.in. Retrieved 2017-06-25.

Jump up ^ "Administration Division Introduction". www.upsc.gov.in.

Jump up ^ "All India Service Branch Introduction". www.upsc.gov.in.

Jump up ^ "Appointments: Introduction". www.upsc.gov.in.

Jump up ^ "Examinations : Introduction". www.upsc.gov.in.

Jump up ^ "General : Introduction". www.upsc.gov.in.

Jump up ^ "Recruitment : Introduction". www.upsc.gov.in.

Jump up ^ "Recruitment Rules: Introduction". www.upsc.gov.in.

Jump up ^ https://web.archive.org/save/http://www.upsc.gov.in/about-us/commission

Jump up ^ "List of Former Chairmen and Members of the Commission - upsc". U.P.S.C. Retrieved 7 October 2016.

Jump up ^ "Rajni Razdan to take oath as UPSC Chairman on August 16". The Hindu. 14 August 2014. Retrieved 7 October 2016.

Jump up ^ http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=108838

Jump up ^ http://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-others/deepak-gupta-made-upsc-chairman/

Jump up ^ http://www.babusofindia.com/2011/10/no-full-fledged-secretaries-for-i-and-b.html

Jump up ^ http://www.babusofindia.com/2010/11/alka-sirohi-1974-batch-madhya-pradesh.html

Jump up ^ https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/A-Madhya-Pradesh-cadre-IAS-officer-Alka-Sirohi-assumes-office-as-Member-Union-Public-Service-Commission-UPSC-Before-taking-over-her-new-charge-Sirohi-officer-of-1974-batch-served-as-Secretary-Department-of-Personnel-Training-ministry-of-personnel-/articleshow/11364725.cms

Jump up ^ http://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/2017/jan/04/academician-david-r-syiemlieh-appointed-interim-upsc-chairman-1556038.html

Jump up ^ https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/guwahati/Aapsu-upset-over-Rajiv-Gandhi-University-vice-chancellor-departure/articleshow/14507992.cms

Jump up ^ http://www.babusofindia.com/2013/08/know-your-upsc-member-and-ex-railway.html

Jump up ^ https://web.archive.org/web/20180621075352/http://upsc.gov.in/about-us/commission/sh-arvind-saxena

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