document_title: The Wedding March (2016 film)

question_text: where is the hallmark movie wedding march filmed

text: The Wedding March (2016 film)

text: Plot[edit]

text: With her own successful business, and a full-grown daughter, single mother Olivia Persching (Josie Bissett) is looking forward to her upcoming nuptials to successful New York realtor Josh Johnson (Cameron Bancroft). At her daughter Grace's (Emily Tennant) suggestion, Olivia books a picturesque New England Inn for her wedding. She is shocked to discover that the inn is owned and run by her college sweetheart Mick Turner (Jack Wagner), and even more dismayed when she learns that Mick will be the singer at her wedding, after her previously booked band cancels at the last moment.  The pair haven't seen each other for over two decades, and parted on bad terms. Olivia and Mick's reunion is plagued by animosity, however that soon fades as old feelings resurface, encouraged by both Grace and Mick's teenage daughter Julie (Sarah Grey).  Mick confesses his true feelings to Olivia at the rehearsal dinner, and she is left with the choice between going ahead with the wedding as planned or taking a second chance on first love.

text: Cast[edit]

text:
Jack Wagner as Mick Turner
Josie Bissettt as Olivia Phillips-Pershing
Emily Tennant as Grace Pershing
Cameron Bancroft as Josh Johnson
Joseph John Coleman as Young Duke
Shay Halverson as Young Olivia Phillips
Serge Houde as Johnny
Aaron Pearl as Duke
Sarah Grey as Julie Turner
Susan Hogan as Nora Phillips
Luke Sykes as Young Mick Turner

text: Development[edit]

text: Following the success of its first "June Weddings" event in 2015 Hallmark announced that the event would return in 2016, with The Wedding March  as one of the channel's line-up of original television movies.[3]

text: The film saw stars Jack Wagner and Josie Bissett reunite after having both previously starred in the 1990s Fox television series Melrose Place. Wagner was also involved in the development of the film and served as an executive producer on the production.[4]

text: Wagner's character teaches a choir  and he also recorded music for the film.[5]

text: Production[edit]

text: Filming took place in Vancouver and British Columbia in April and May 2016.[6]

text: Broadcast[edit]

text: The film aired on June 25, 2016 as part of the channel's second annual "June Weddings" event on Hallmark Channel.[7][8]

text: Reception[edit]

text: The film garnered 2.3 million viewers on its premiere and was the top-rated cable network program of the day. On Twitter it became the number one Tweeted cable/broadcast television film of the week.[9]

text: Sequels[edit]

text: In February 2017, star Wagner confirmed that Hallmark had commissioned two further films in the series, with the first to be broadcast in June 2017 and the second to be potentially screened at Christmas. Wagner once again reprised his role as an executive producer on the project.[4] The sequel to the film, entitled The Wedding March 2: Resorting to Love was officially announced in April 2017.[10]  The film was shot in British Columbia in April and May 2017.[11] Jack Wagner and Josie Bissett both reprised their roles, as did Emily Tennant as Grace.[12] The film was broadcast in June 2017.[10]

text: A third installment in the franchise, entitled The Wedding March 3: Here Comes the Bride was filmed in British Columbia in May 2017, again starring Wagner and Bissett.[13] The film was broadcast on the Hallmark Channel on February 17, 2018.

text: A fourth installment in the series, The Wedding March 4: Something Old Something New again starring Wagner and Bissett, is planned for the summer of 2018.[2]


document_title: Smokey Bear

question_text: where did smokey the bear live after the fire

root

text: Smokey Bear

text: Campaign beginnings[edit]

text: Although the U.S. Forest Service fought wildfires long before World War II, the war brought a new importance and urgency to the effort. The forest service began using colorful posters to educate Americans about the dangers of forest fires. Since most able-bodied men were already serving in the armed forces, none could be spared to fight forest fires on the West Coast. The hope was that local communities, educated about the danger of forest fires, could prevent them from starting in the first place.[10]

tag: p

text: On August 13, 1942, Disney's fifth full-length animated motion picture Bambi premiered in New York City. Soon after, Walt Disney allowed his characters to appear in fire prevention public service campaigns. However, Bambi was only loaned to the government for a year, so a new symbol was needed. A bear was chosen. His name was inspired by "Smokey" Joe Martin, a New York City Fire Department hero who suffered burns and blindness during a bold 1922 rescue.[11]

text: Smokey's debut poster was released on August 9, 1944, which is considered the character's birthday.[2] Overseen by the Cooperative Forest Fire Prevention Campaign, the first poster was illustrated by Albert Staehle. In it Smokey was depicted wearing jeans and a campaign hat,[12] pouring a bucket of water on a campfire. The message underneath reads, "Smokey says – Care will prevent 9 out of 10 forest fires!" Knickerbocker Bears gained the license to produce Smokey Bear dolls in 1944.[13] Also in 1944, Forest Service worker Rudy Wendelin became the full-time campaign artist; he was considered Smokey Bear's "manager" until Wendelin retired in 1973.[2]

text: In addition, during World War II, the Empire of Japan considered wildfires as a possible weapon. During the Lookout Air Raids of September 1942, the Japanese military attempted without success to set ablaze coastal forests in southwest Oregon. U.S. planners also hoped that if Americans knew how wildfires would harm the war effort, they would better cooperate with the Forest Service to eliminate any kind of fire.[10] The Japanese military renewed their wildfire strategy late in the war: from November 1944 to April 1945, launching some 9,000 fire balloons into the jet stream, with an estimated 10% reaching the U.S. In the end only five school children and their teacher, Elsie Mitchell, were killed by one of the bombs near Bly, Oregon, on May 5, 1945.[14] A memorial was erected at what today is called the Mitchell Recreation Area.

text: In 1947, the slogan associated with Smokey Bear for more than five decades was finally coined: "Remember ... only YOU can prevent forest fires."[15] In 2001, it was officially amended to replace "forest fires" with "wildfires", as a reminder that other areas (such as grasslands) are also in danger of burning.[16]

text: Living symbol[edit]

text: The living symbol of Smokey Bear was an American black bear three-month-old cub who in the spring of 1950 was caught in the Capitan Gap fire, a wildfire that burned 17,000 acres (69 km2) in the Lincoln National Forest,[16] in the Capitan Mountains of New Mexico. Smokey had climbed a tree to escape the blaze, but his paws and hind legs had been burned. According to some stories, he was rescued by a game warden after the fire, but according to the New Mexico State Forestry Division, it was actually a group of soldiers[17] from Fort Bliss, Texas, who had come to help fight the fire, that discovered the bear cub and brought him back to the camp.[18]

text: At first he was called Hotfoot Teddy, but he was later renamed Smokey, after the mascot. There are conflicting stories regarding the individual or individuals who first helped nurse the cub after the fire. According to the New York Times obituary for Homer C. Pickens, then Assistant Director of the New Mexico Department of Game and Fish, he kept the cub at his home for a while, trying to nurse him back to health.[16] According to other records, including a story in Life magazine, New Mexico Department of Game and Fish Ranger Ray Bell took him to Santa Fe, where he, his wife Ruth, and their children Don and Judy cared for the cub.[18] The story was picked up by the national news services and Smokey became a celebrity. Soon after, Smokey was flown in a Piper Cub airplane to the National Zoo in Washington, D.C. A special room was prepared for him at the St. Louis zoo for an overnight fuel stop during the trip, and when he arrived at the National Zoo, several hundred spectators, including members of the Boy Scouts, Girl Scouts, photographers, and media, were there to welcome him.[19]

text: Smokey Bear lived at the National Zoo for 26 years. During that time he received millions of visitors as well as so many letters addressed to him (up to 13,000 a week) that in 1964 the United States Postal Service gave him his own ZIP code (20252).[19] He developed a love for peanut butter sandwiches, in addition to his daily diet of bluefish and trout.[19]

text: Upon his death on November 9, 1976,[20] Smokey's remains were returned by the government to Capitan, New Mexico, and buried at what is now the Smokey Bear Historical Park.[21] The plaque at his grave reads, "This is the resting place of the first living Smokey Bear ... the living symbol of wildfire prevention and wildlife conservation."[22] The Washington Post ran a semi-humorous obituary for Smokey, labeled "Bear", calling him a transplanted New Mexico native who had resided for many years in Washington, D.C., with many years of government service. It also mentioned his family, including his wife, Goldie Bear, and "adopted son" Little Smokey. The obituary noted that Smokey and Goldie were not blood-relatives, despite the fact that they shared the same "last name" of "Bear".[23] The Wall Street Journal included an obituary for Smokey Bear on the front page of the paper, on November 11, 1976,[19] and so many newspapers included articles and obituaries that the National Zoo archives include four complete scrapbooks devoted to them (Series 12, boxes 66-67).[24]

text: Smokey Bear II[edit]

text: In 1962, Smokey was paired with a female bear, "Goldie Bear", with the hope that perhaps Smokey's descendants would take over the Smokey Bear title.[22] In 1971, when the pair still had not produced any young, the zoo added "Little Smokey", another orphaned bear cub from the Lincoln Forest, to their cage—announcing that the pair had "adopted" this cub.

text: On May 2, 1975, Smokey Bear officially "retired" from his role as living mascot, and the title, "Smokey Bear II", was bestowed upon Little Smokey in an official ceremony.[19] He died August 11, 1990.[22]

text: Upon his death Smokey's remains were transported to a U.S. Forest Service facility in Capitan, where he was buried. The facility is now a forest fire/Smokey interpretive center. In the garden adjacent to the interpretive center is the bear's grave. Thousands every year stop by to pay homage.[original research?]

text: Popularity[edit]

text: The character became a notable part of American popular culture in the 1950s. He appeared on radio programs, in comic strips, and in cartoons.

text: In 1952, after Smokey Bear attracted considerable commercial interest, the Smokey Bear Act, an act of Congress, was passed to remove the character from the public domain and place it under the control of the Secretary of Agriculture. The act provided for the use of Smokey's royalties for continued education on the subject of forest fire prevention. More than three million dollars have been collected.[25]

text: A Smokey Bear doll was produced by Ideal Toys beginning in 1952; the doll included a mail-in card for children to become Junior forest rangers. Within three years half a million children had applied. In April 1964, the character was given his own ZIP code (postal code): 20252.[26]

text: In 1955, the first children's book was published, followed by many sequels and coloring books. Soon thousands of dolls, toys, and other collectibles were on the market.

text: During the 1950s and 1960s, the Ad Council sponsored radio advertisements, featuring Smokey Bear "in conversation" with prominent American celebrity stars such as Bing Crosby, Art Linkletter, Dinah Shore, and Roy Rogers.[27]

text: In 1959, on an episode of Rocky and Friends, there was a Dudley Do-Right episode entitled "Stokey The Bear" which was a parody of Smokey. As a result, this episode was eliminated from further distribution. However, it was revived on DVD in 2005 for "The Complete Rocky and Bullwinkle and Friends".

text: Smokey's name and image has been loaned to the Smokey Bear Awards, which are awarded by the United States Forest Service to "recognize outstanding service in the prevention of wildland fires and to increase public recognition and awareness of the need for continuing fire prevention efforts."[28]

text: Though Smokey was originally drawn wearing the campaign hat of the U.S. National Park Service (which was in turn derived from the cavalry who protected the early U.S. national parks), the hat itself later became famous by association with the Smokey cartoon character. As such, it is sometimes today called a "Smokey Bear" hat by both the military service branches and state police who still employ it. For that reason, truck drivers often refer to state police officers as "Smokey" or "bears".

text: Legacy[edit]

text: For Smokey’s 40th anniversary in 1984, he was honored with a U.S. postage stamp that pictured a cub hanging onto a burned tree. It was illustrated by Rudy Wendelin.[citation needed] The commercial for his 50th anniversary portrayed woodland animals about to have a surprise birthday party for Smokey, with a cake with candles. When Smokey comes blindfolded, he smells smoke, not realizing it is birthday candles for his birthday. He uses his shovel to destroy the cake. When he takes off his blindfold, he sees that it was a birthday cake for him and apologizes.[29]

text: In 2004, Smokey's 60th anniversary was celebrated in several ways, including a Senate resolution designating August 9, 2004, as "Smokey Bear 60th Anniversary", calling upon the President to issue a proclamation "calling upon the people of the United States to observe the day with appropriate ceremonies and activities."[30]

text: According to Richard Earle, author of The Art of Cause Marketing, the Smokey Bear campaign is among the most powerful and enduring of all public service advertising: "Smokey is simple, strong, straightforward. He's a denizen of those woods you're visiting, and he cares about preserving them. Anyone who grew up watching Bambi realizes how terrifying a forest fire can be. But Smokey wouldn't run away. Smokey's strong. He'll stay and fight the fire if necessary, but he'd rather have you douse it and cover it up so he doesn't have to."[31]

text: On the anniversary of finding Smokey Bear in the Capitan Gap fire, May 9, 2000, Marianne Gould from the Smokey Bear Ranger District, Eddie Tudor from the Smokey Bear Museum and Neal Jones from the local Ruidoso, New Mexico radio station created "Smokey Bear Days". The event celebrates the fire prevention message from the Smokey Bear campaign as well as wilderness environment conservation with music concerts, chainsaw carving contests, a firefighter's "muster" competition, food, vendors and a parade. The "Smokey Bear Days" celebration is held in Smokey's hometown of Capitan, New Mexico the first weekend of May every year.[32]

text: In 2008 through 2011, new commercials featuring Smokey rendered in CGI were released.[citation needed]

text: Voices[edit]

text: This section does not cite any sources. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (August 2017) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

tag: table

text: Washington, D.C., radio station WMAL personality Jackson Weaver served as the primary voice representing Smokey until Weaver's death in October 1992. Others who have provided a voice to Smokey include Jim Cummings, Roger C. Carmel, Jack Angel, Los Angeles radio station KNX's George Walsh, and Gene Moss. In June 2008, the Forest Service launched a new series of public service announcements voiced by actor Sam Elliott, simultaneously giving Smokey a new visual design intended to appeal to young adults. Patrick Warburton provides the voice of an anonymous park ranger.

text: Adaptations[edit]

text: Smokey Bear — and parodies of the character — have been appearing in animation for more than fifty years. In 1956, he made a cameo appearance in the Walt Disney short film In the Bag with a voice provided by Jackson Weaver.

text: Rankin/Bass Productions, in cooperation with Tadahito Mochinaga's MOM Production in Japan, produced an "Animagic" stop motion animated television special, The Ballad of Smokey the Bear, narrated by James Cagney. It aired on November 24, 1966 as part of the General Electric Fantasy Hour on NBC. During the 1969–1970 television season, Rankin/Bass also produced a weekly Saturday Morning cartoon series for ABC, The Smokey the Bear Show. This series is animated by Toei Animation in Japan.

text: Steve Nelson and Jack Rollins's song "Smokey the Bear" has been covered by the group Canned Heat, among others. The track is on their CD The Boogie House Tapes 1969-1999.

text: "Smokey the Bear Sutra" is a 1969 poem by Gary Snyder, which presents environmental concerns in the form of a Buddhist sutra, and depicts Smokey as the reincarnation of the Great Sun Buddha.[33]

text: Fire ecology[edit]

text: The Smokey Bear campaign has been criticized by wildfire policy experts in cases where decades of fire suppression and the indigenous fire ecology were not taken into consideration, creating forests unnaturally dense with fuel.[34] Periodic low-intensity wildfires are an integral component of certain ecosystems that evolved to depend on natural fires for vitality, rejuvenation, and regeneration. Examples are chaparral and closed-cone pine forest habitats, which need fire for seeds and cones to sprout. Wildfires also play a role in the preservation of pine barrens, which are well adapted to small ground fires and rely on periodic fires to remove competing species.

text: When a brushland, woodland, or forested area is not impacted by fire for a long period, large quantities of flammable leaves, branches and other organic matter tend to accumulate on the forest floor and above in brush thickets. When a forest fire eventually does occur, the increased fuel creates a crown fire, which destroys all vegetation and affects surface soil chemistry. Frequent small 'natural' ground fires prevent the accumulation of fuel and allow large, slow-growing vegetation (e.g. trees) to survive. There is increasing use of controlled burns directed by skilled firefighters, and allowing wildland fires not causing human harm or threat to burn out.

text: The goal and theme of the Smokey Bear campaign was adjusted in the 2000s, from "Only you can prevent forest fires" to "Only you can prevent wildfires". The purpose is to respond to the criticism, and to distinguish 'bad' intentional or accidental wildfires from the needs of sustainable forests via natural 'good' fire ecology.[34]


document_title: Ministry of Education (Sri Lanka)

question_text: who is the minister of education in sri lanka

text: Ministry of Education (Sri Lanka)

text: Senior officials[edit]

text:
Minister of Education - Akila Viraj Kariyawasam
State Minister - V.S. Radhakrishnan
Permanent Secretary - Mr Bandusena

tag: ul

text: Additional Secretaries

text:
Senadeera
H U Prematilaka
S U Wijeratna
Ilangasinghe
Ashoka Senanai Hewage
S.P.Jayathunga

text: Departments within the Ministry of Education[edit]

text: Department of Examinations

text: Universities administrated[edit]

text:
Advanced Technological Institute
Buddhasravaka Bhiksu University
Buddhist and Pali University of Sri Lanka

text: List of ministers[edit]

text: List of Ministers of Education


document_title: Pittsburgh Steelers

question_text: where did the pittsburgh steelers get their name

question_tokens: where did the pittsburgh steelers get their name

text: Pittsburgh Steelers

text: Franchise history

text: The Pittsburgh Steelers of the NFL first took to the field as the Pittsburgh Pirates on September 20, 1933, losing 23–2 to the New York Giants.[7] Through the 1930s, the Pirates never finished higher than second place in their division, or with a record better than .500 (1936).[8] Pittsburgh did make history in 1938 by signing Byron White, a future Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court, to what was at the time the biggest contract in NFL history,[9] but he played only one year with the Pirates before signing with the Detroit Lions.[10] Prior to the 1940 season, the Pirates renamed themselves the Steelers.

text: During World War II, the Steelers experienced player shortages. They twice merged with other NFL franchises to field a team. During the 1943 season, they merged with the Philadelphia Eagles forming the "Phil-Pitt Eagles" and were known as the "Steagles". This team went 5–4–1. In 1944, they merged with the Chicago Cardinals and were known as Card-Pitt (or, mockingly, as the "Carpets").[9] This team finished 0–10, marking the only winless team in franchise history.[11]

text: The Steelers made the playoffs for the first time in 1947, tying for first place in the division at 8–4 with the Philadelphia Eagles. This forced a tie-breaking playoff game at Forbes Field, which the Steelers lost 21–0.[12] That would be Pittsburgh's only playoff game for the next 25 years; they did qualify for a "Playoff Bowl" in 1962 as the second-best team in their conference, but this was not considered an official playoff.[13]

text: In 1970, the year they moved into Three Rivers Stadium and the year of the AFL–NFL merger, the Pittsburgh Steelers were one of three old-guard NFL teams to switch to the newly formed American Football Conference (the others being the Cleveland Browns and the Baltimore Colts), in order to equalize the number of teams in the two conferences of the newly merged league. The Steelers also received a $3 million ($18.5 million today) relocation fee, which was a windfall for them; for years they rarely had enough to build a true contending team.[14]

text: The Chuck Noll era

text: The Steelers' history of bad luck changed with the hiring of coach Chuck Noll for the 1969 season. Noll's most remarkable talent was in his draft selections, taking Hall of Famers "Mean" Joe Greene in 1969, Terry Bradshaw and Mel Blount in 1970, Jack Ham in 1971, Franco Harris in 1972,[15] and finally, in 1974, pulling off the incredible feat of selecting four Hall of Famers in one draft year, Lynn Swann, Jack Lambert, John Stallworth, and Mike Webster.[16] The Pittsburgh Steelers' 1974 draft was their best ever; no other team has ever drafted four future Hall of Famers in one year, and only very few (including the 1970 Steelers) have drafted two or more in one year.

text: The players drafted in the early 1970s formed the base of an NFL dynasty, making the playoffs in eight seasons and becoming the only team in NFL history to win four Super Bowls in six years, as well as the first to win more than two. They also enjoyed a regular season streak of 49 consecutive wins (1971–1979) against teams that would finish with a losing record that year.

text: The Steelers suffered a rash of injuries in the 1980 season and missed the playoffs with a 9–7 record. The 1981 season was no better, with an 8–8 showing. The team was then hit with the retirements of all their key players from the Super Bowl years. "Mean" Joe Greene retired after the 1981 season, Lynn Swann and Jack Ham after 1982's playoff berth, Terry Bradshaw and Mel Blount after 1983's divisional championship, and Jack Lambert after 1984's AFC Championship Game appearance.

text: After those retirements, the franchise skidded to its first losing seasons since 1971. Though still competitive, the Steelers would not finish above .500 in 1985, 1986, and 1988. In 1987, the year of the players' strike, the Steelers finished with a record of 8–7, but missed the playoffs. In 1989, they would reach the second round of the playoffs on the strength of Merrill Hoge and Rod Woodson before narrowly missing the playoffs in each of the next two seasons.

text: Noll's career record with Pittsburgh was 209–156–1.

text: The Bill Cowher era

text: In 1992, Chuck Noll retired and was succeeded by Kansas City Chiefs defensive coordinator Bill Cowher, a native of the Pittsburgh suburb of Crafton.

text: Cowher led the Steelers to the playoffs in each of his first six seasons, a feat that had been accomplished only by legendary coach Paul Brown of the Cleveland Browns. In those first six seasons, Cowher coached them as deep as the AFC Championship Game three times and following the 1995 season an appearance in Super Bowl XXX on the strength of the "Blitzburgh" defense. However, the Steelers lost to the Dallas Cowboys in Super Bowl XXX, two weeks after a thrilling AFC Championship victory over the Indianapolis Colts. Cowher produced the franchise's record-tying fifth Super Bowl win in Super Bowl XL over the National Football Conference champion Seattle Seahawks ten years later. With that victory, the Steelers became the third team to win five Super Bowls, and the first sixth-seeded playoff team to reach and win the Super Bowl since the NFL expanded to a 12-team post-season tournament in 1990. He coached through the 2006 season which ended with an 8–8 record, just short of the playoffs. Overall Cowher's teams reached the playoffs 10 of 15 seasons with six AFC Championship Games, two Super Bowl berths and a championship.

text: Cowher's career record with Pittsburgh was 149–90–1 in the regular season and 161–99–1 overall, including playoff games.

text: The Mike Tomlin era

text: On January 7, 2007, Cowher resigned from coaching the Steelers, citing a need to spend more time with his family. He did not use the term "retire", leaving open a possible return to the NFL as coach of another team. A three-man committee consisting of Art Rooney II, Dan Rooney, and Kevin Colbert was set up to conduct interviews for the head coaching vacancy.[17] The candidates interviewed included: offensive coordinator Ken Whisenhunt, offensive line coach Russ Grimm, former offensive coordinator Chan Gailey, Minnesota Vikings defensive coordinator Mike Tomlin, and Chicago Bears defensive coordinator Ron Rivera. On January 22, 2007, Mike Tomlin was announced as Cowher's successor as head coach. Tomlin is the first African-American to be named head coach of the Pittsburgh Steelers in its 75-year history. Tomlin became the third consecutive Steelers Head Coach to go to the Super Bowl, equaling the Dallas Cowboys (Tom Landry, Jimmy Johnson and Barry Switzer) in this achievement. He was named the Motorola 2008 Coach of the Year. On February 1, 2009, Tomlin led the Steelers to their second Super Bowl of this decade, and went on to win 27–23 against the Arizona Cardinals. At age 36, he was the youngest head coach to ever win the Super Bowl, and he is only the second African-American coach to ever win the Super Bowl (Tony Dungy was the first). The 2010 season made Tomlin the only coach to reach the Super Bowl twice before the age of 40. Tomlin led the team to his second Super Bowl (Super Bowl XLV) on Feb. 6, 2011. However, the Steelers were defeated in their eighth Super Bowl appearance by the Green Bay Packers by the score of 31–25. The Steelers recorded their 400th victory in 2012 after defeating the Washington Redskins.[18]

text: Through the 2016 season, Tomlin's record is 111–63, including playoffs. He is the first Pittsburgh coach without a losing season. The 2013–2017 seasons were noted for record performances from the "killer B's". This trio consisted of Antonio Brown, Ben Roethlisberger and Le'Veon Bell.

text: Summary

text: Since the NFL merger in 1970, the Pittsburgh Steelers have compiled a regular season record of 444–282–2 (.635) and an overall record of 480-305-2 (.635) including the playoffs, reached the playoffs 30 times, won their division 22 times, played in 16 AFC championship games, and won six of eight Super Bowls. They are also the only NFL team not to have a season with twelve or more losses since the league expanded to a 16-game schedule in 1978.[19]

text: Ownership

text: Since 2008, the Rooney family has brought in several investors for the team while retaining control of the team itself. This came about so that the team could comply with NFL ownership regulations.[20] Dan Rooney, and his son, Art Rooney II, president of the franchise, wanted to stay involved with the franchise, while two of the brothers – Timothy and Patrick – wanted to further pursue racetracks that they own in Florida and New York.[21] Since 2006, many of the racetracks have added video slot machines, causing them to violate "NFL policy that prohibits involvement with racetrack and gambling interests".[22]

text: Upon Dan Rooney's death in 2017, he and Art Rooney II retained control of the team with the league-minimum 30%, the following make up the other investors:

text:
Several other members of the Rooney family, including Art Rooney Jr., John Rooney, and the McGinley family, who are cousins to the Rooneys.
Legendary Pictures president and CEO Thomas Tull.[23]
The Robert A. Paul family of Pittsburgh and Los Angeles, which is primarily involved with Pittsburgh-based Ampco Pittsburgh Corporation as well as Morton's Restaurant Group, Urban Active Fitness, Meyer Products and Harley Marine Services. Additionally, family members serve on numerous boards, including Cornell University, UPMC, University of Pittsburgh, the American Red Cross, Harvard Medical School and the Loomis Chaffee School.[23]
Former Steelers wide receiver John Stallworth, a member of the Pro Football Hall of Fame.[24]
GTCR chairman Bruce V. Rauner.[24]

President Obama poses with the Steelers in 2009. Left to right: Ben Roethlisberger, Hines Ward, Obama, and Dan Rooney.

The Peter Varischetti family of Brockway, Pennsylvania, which owns several nursing homes and a commercial real estate business.[24]
Paul Evanson, chairman, president, and CEO of Allegheny Energy.[25]
Russ and Scott Swank of Lower Burrell, Pennsylvania.[26]

text: Season-by-season records

text: Through the end of the 2015 season, the Steelers have an all-time record of 624–552–21, including playoffs. In recent seasons the Steelers have generally performed well, qualifying for the playoffs six times in the past ten seasons and winning the Super Bowl twice since 2005.[27]

text: In the NFL's "modern era" (since the AFL–NFL merger in 1970) the Steelers have posted the best record in the league. The franchise has won the most regular season games, the most playoff games (33 playoff wins; the Dallas Cowboys are second with 32), won the most divisional titles (20), has played in the most conference championship games (15), hosted the most conference championship games (11), and is tied with the Dallas Cowboys, the Denver Broncos and the New England Patriots for the most Super Bowl appearances (8). The Steelers have the best winning percentage (including every expansion team), earned the most All-Pro nominations, and have accumulated the most Super Bowl wins (6) since the modern game started in 1970. Since the merger, the team's playoff record is 33–19 (.635), which is second best in terms of playoff winning percentage behind the Green Bay Packers' playoff record of 28–16 (.636), through January 23, 2011.[citation needed]

text: Civil rights advocacy

text:
The franchise, along with the Rooney family have for generations been strong advocates for equality of opportunity for both minorities and women. Among these achievements of the Steelers was the first to hire an African-American Assistant Coach (September 29, 1957 with Lowell Perry), the first to start an African-American quarterback (December 3, 1973 with Joe Gilliam), the first team to boast of an African-American Super Bowl MVP (January 12, 1975 with Franco Harris), the first to hire an African-American Coordinator (September 2, 1984 with Tony Dungy), the first owner to push for passage of an "equal opportunity" mandating that at least one minority candidate is given an interview in all head coach hiring decisions throughout the league (the Rooney Rule in the early 2000s), and the first to hire a female as full-time athletic trainer (Ariko Iso on July 24, 2002).
Note: Although Marlin Briscoe is sometimes erroneously cited as the first African-American starting quarterback in 1968, this was not for an NFL team and not in an NFL game, additionally the vast majority of Briscoe's career was not as quarterback.

text: Logo and uniforms

text: The Steelers have used black and gold as their colors since the club's inception, the lone exception being the 1943 season when they merged with the Philadelphia Eagles and formed the "Steagles"; the team's colors at that time were green and white as a result of wearing Eagles uniforms. Originally, the team wore solid gold-colored helmets and black jerseys. The Steelers' black and gold colors are now shared by all major professional teams in the city, including the Pittsburgh Pirates in baseball and the Pittsburgh Penguins in ice hockey, and also the Pittsburgh Power of the re-formed Arena Football League, and the Pittsburgh Passion of the Independent Women's Football League. The shade of gold differs slightly among teams: the Penguins have previously used "Vegas Gold", a color similar to metallic gold, and the Pirates' gold is a darker mustard yellow-gold, while the Steelers "gold" is more of a bright canary yellow. Black and gold are also the colors of the city's official flag.

text: The Steelers logo was introduced in 1962 and is based on the "Steelmark", originally designed by Pittsburgh's U.S. Steel and now owned by the American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI). In fact, it was Cleveland-based Republic Steel that suggested the Steelers adopt the industry logo. It consists of the word "Steelers" surrounded by three astroids (hypocycloids of four cusps). The original meanings behind the astroids were, "Steel lightens your work, brightens your leisure, and widens your world." Later, the colors came to represent the ingredients used in the steel-making process: yellow for coal, red for iron ore, and blue for scrap steel.[28] While the formal Steelmark logo contains only the word "Steel", the team was given permission to add "ers" in 1963 after a petition to AISI.

text: The Steelers are the only NFL team that puts its logo on only one side of the helmet (the right side). Longtime field and equipment manager Jack Hart was instructed to do this by Art Rooney as a test to see how the logo appeared on the gold helmets; however, its popularity led the team to leave it that way permanently.[29] A year after introducing the logo, they switched to black helmets to make it stand out more.

text: The Steelers, along with the New York Giants, are one of only two teams in the National Football League to have the players' uniform numbers on both the front and back of the helmets.

text: The current uniform designs were introduced in 1968. The design consists of gold pants and either black jerseys or white jerseys, except for the 1970 and 1971 seasons when the Steelers wore white pants with their white jerseys. In 1997, the team switched to rounded numbers on the jersey to match the number font (Futura Condensed) on the helmets, and a Steelers logo was added to the left side of the jersey.

text: The 2007–2011 third uniform, consisting of a black jersey with gold lettering, white pants with black and gold stripes, and a gold helmet were first used during the Steelers' 75th anniversary season in 2007. They were meant to evoke the memory of the 1963–1964 era uniforms. The uniforms were so popular among fans that the Steelers' organization decided to keep them and use them as a third option during home games only.

text: In 2012, the Steelers introduced a new third uniform, consisting of a yellow jersey with black horizontal lines (making a bumble bee like pattern) with black lettering and black numbers placed inside a white box, to represent the jerseys worn by the Steelers in their 1933 season. The rest of the uniform consists of beige pants, yellow with black horizontal stripped socks, and the Steelers regular black helmet. The uniforms were used for the Steelers' 80th anniversary season. Much like the previous alternate these jerseys were so popular that they were used up through the 2016 season. The jerseys were nicknamed the "bumblebee jerseys" due to looking like the pattern of a bumble bee. The jerseys were retired after the 2016 season.

text: In 2008–2009, the Steelers became the first team in NFL history to defeat an opponent three times in a single season using three different uniforms.[citation needed] They defeated the Baltimore Ravens in Pittsburgh in Week 4 in their third jerseys, again Week 15 in Baltimore in their road whites, and a final time in the AFC Championship in Pittsburgh in their home black jerseys.

text: In 1979, the team owners were approached by then-Iowa Hawkeyes Head Coach Hayden Fry about designing his fading college team's uniforms in the image of the Steelers. Three days later, the owners sent Fry the reproduction jerseys (home and away versions) of then quarterback Terry Bradshaw. Today, the Hawkeyes still retain the 1979 Steelers uniforms as their home, and away colors.

text: Rivals

text: This section does not cite any sources. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (July 2013) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

text: The Pittsburgh Steelers have three primary rivals, all within their division: (Cleveland Browns, Baltimore Ravens, and Cincinnati Bengals). They also have rivalries with other teams that arose from post-season battles in the past, most notably the New England Patriots, Oakland Raiders, Tennessee Titans and Dallas Cowboys. They also have an intrastate rivalry with the Philadelphia Eagles, but under the current scheduling the teams play each other only once every four years.

text: Divisional rivals

text:
The Cleveland Browns and the Steelers have been divisional rivals since the two cities' teams began playing against each other in 1950. After posting a 9–31 record in the first 40 games of the series between the two cities, the Steelers recently took over the all-time series lead for the first time ever (64–56); partly due to their dominance over the post-1999 Cleveland Browns franchise and won twelve straight before the Browns snapped their losing skid against them by beating them 13–6 on December 10, 2009. Additionally, the Browns lost 16 straight years in Pittsburgh from 1970–1985 and posted an abysmal 5–24 record at Three Rivers Stadium overall. Former Steelers head coach Bill Cowher coached the Browns special teams and secondary before following Marty Schottenheimer for a brief tenure as Kansas City Defensive Coordinator, and then hired by Pittsburgh. This has only intensified the rivalry.
The Baltimore Ravens and the Steelers have had several memorable match-ups and have a bitter divisional rivalry. Both teams handed the other their first losses at their current home fields. The Steelers won the inaugural game played at Baltimore's M&T Bank Stadium in 1998, 20–13, and three years later the Ravens handed the Steelers their first-ever loss at Heinz Field, 13–10. Later that season (2001) Pittsburgh won a divisional playoff game 27–10 against Baltimore, who was the defending Super Bowl champion. During their NFL championship season in 2000, the Ravens defeated the Steelers in Pittsburgh, 16–0, in the season opener with the Steelers later exacting revenge, 9–6, in Baltimore (the Ravens' final loss of the season). During the Steelers 2008 Championship run, they beat the Ravens three times, including a win in the AFC Championship game. The Steelers lead the series (begun in 1996), 16–10. The two teams complement each other by consistently fielding strong defenses in their division.
The Cincinnati Bengals–Steelers rivalry dates from the 1970 season, when the AFL–NFL merger was completed. In 1976, the Steelers kept their playoff hopes alive (they later won the division) with a late-season 7–3 win in snowy Cincinnati. One of the most memorable games was the 2005 AFC Wildcard playoff game, in which the Steelers, en route to a Super Bowl title, won a 31–17 come-from-behind victory after Bengals QB Carson Palmer was forced to leave the game with a knee injury. The injury happened when nose tackle Kimo von Oelhoffen contacted Palmer's knee during a passing play. The Bengals players called this a dirty play; the NFL ruled that it was accidental and did not fine von Oelhoffen for the hit. This incident has led to an intensifying of the rivalry since this game. The Bengals beat the Steelers in week 13 of the 2005 season 38–31, and wide receiver T. J. Houshmandzadeh used a Terrible Towel to polish his cleats while walking up the tunnel after the game, fueling the rivalry. The Steelers and Bengals finished 2005 and 2006 with identical records (11–5 and 8–8 respectively), splitting both regular-season series, the Bengals winning the tiebreaker both years due to having a superior division record. The Steelers also are responsible for ending the Bengals' season in Cincinnati two years in a row, eliminating them from the playoffs in 2005 and taking them out of contention in 2006. The Steelers lead the all-time series, 52–32.

text: Historic rivals

text:
The Raiders–Steelers rivalry was one of the most heated of the 1970s and early to mid-1980s. The Steelers' first playoff win was a 13–7 victory over the Raiders by way of Franco Harris's Immaculate Reception on December 23, 1972. The wild card Pittsburgh football team was knocked out of the playoffs the following year by the Raiders in the 1973 AFC Divisional round 33–14, but fired back with two straight AFC Championships in 1974 24–13 and 1975 16–10 over Oakland. Oakland responded with a victory over Pittsburgh in the 1976 AFC Championship game 24–7 (the third consecutive AFC title game between the two teams), but not before Chuck Noll referred to Oakland's George Atkinson as part of the NFL's "criminal element" after his alleged cheap-shot on Lynn Swann during a regular-season matchup. Atkinson and the Raiders later filed a defamation of character lawsuit against Noll, but lost. Following the 1983 regular season, the Los Angeles Raiders defeated the Steelers 38–10 in the AFC Divisional round which turned out to be the last NFL game for Steeler Pro Football Hall of Fame quarterback Terry Bradshaw who did not play due to injury. While the rivalry has dissipated over the years (mostly due to Oakland's decline after 2002), the teams have had notable games against each other including an upset Steelers victory towards the end of the 2000 season to prevent the Raiders from obtaining homefield advantage in the playoffs, and an upset Raiders victory in week 8 of the 2006 NFL season (20–13), which helped cost the Steelers a playoff berth; three years later another Raiders upset took place. In Week 13, the game lead changed five times on five touchdowns in the fourth quarter; Bruce Gradkowski's third touchdown of the quarter won it with nine seconds to go, and the 27–24 loss cost the Steelers another playoff run. The teams met at Pittsburgh in 2010, where the Steelers blew out the Raiders 35–3, and ended their 3-game winning streak; the game was further notable for a punch thrown by Richard Seymour of the Raiders against Steelers quarterback Ben Roethlisberger. The Raiders then hosted the Steelers in 2012 and erased a 31–21 gap to win 34–31. The two clubs met again in 2013 and the Raiders won again, 21–18. The Steelers trail the all-time series 14–12 (11–9 in regular season).
The Cowboys–Steelers rivalry[30] started with the Cowboys' first game as a franchise in 1960 (against the Steelers) at the Cotton Bowl with the Steelers coming away with a 35–28 victory. These teams hold a record for the most times (three) that two teams have met in a Super Bowl. The first two times the favored Steelers and Cowboys met came with Pittsburgh victories in the Orange Bowl Super Bowl X 21–17 and Super Bowl XIII 35–31. The Cowboys never won a regular season game in the Orange Bowl and lost three Super Bowl games (once to the Baltimore Colts and twice to the Steelers). Between the Cowboys and Steelers, Super Bowl XIII had the greatest number of future Pro Football Hall of Fame players participating, which as of 2010 numbered 20 – 14 players and six coaches/front office, including Ernie Stautner, defensive coordinator for the Cowboys who was a HoF defensive tackle for the Steelers. The teams featured an all-star matchup at quarterback between the Steelers' Terry Bradshaw and the Cowboys' Roger Staubach, both of whom are in the Hall of Fame. In 1977, Staubach and the Cowboys won Super Bowl XII, their second and last loss of their season being inflicted by Bradshaw and the Steelers, 28–13 at Three Rivers Stadium in November. In 1979, Staubach's final season, the two defending conference champs met again at Three Rivers, the Steelers winning 14–3 en route to winning their fourth Super Bowl title. The Steelers won six of eight meetings during the 1970s and 80s, before the Cowboys won all four meetings during the 1990s, including the teams' record third Super Bowl meeting in 1996, as this time the heavily favored Cowboys beat the Steelers 27–17. Dallas cornerback Larry Brown intercepted Pittsburgh quarterback Neil O'Donnell twice and was named the game's MVP. The teams' first two meetings of the 21st century (2004 and 2008) were won by the Steelers, including a come from behind victory December 7, 2008 in Pittsburgh, when the Steelers drove the length of the field to tie the game 13–13, then cornerback Deshea Townsend returned an intercepted pass from Tony Romo for the game's final score, Steelers 20, Cowboys 13. The Cowboys won on December 16, 2012, at Cowboys Stadium by a 27–24 margin in overtime and won 35-30 at Heinz Field on November 13, 2016. The all-time series is led by the Dallas Cowboys, 17–15. The Pittsburgh/Dallas rivalry served as a backdrop to the 1977 film Black Sunday, parts of which were filmed during Super Bowl X.
The Denver Broncos in 2011 broke a tie with the Oakland Raiders for the most playoff meetings versus the Steelers and added yet another meeting in 2015 (the Broncos have met Pittsburgh eight times to Oakland's six). The rivalry dates from 1970, but the first notable contest came in 1973, when Denver dealt Pittsburgh its first regular-season defeat at Three Rivers Stadium, 23–13. The following year, they met in the NFL's first regular-season overtime game, which ended in a 35–35 tie. Denver's first playoff game had them hosting the Steelers in the 1977 divisional round; the Broncos won 34–21. The following year, the Steelers hosted and defeated Denver 33–10 in the divisional round. Their next playoff matchup was the 1984 divisional round in Mile High Stadium; the Steelers pulled the upset 24–17. They nearly pulled the upset again 5 years later in Denver, but the Broncos prevailed in the divisional playoff, 24–23. In 1997, they met in Pittsburgh for the AFC Championship Game, where Denver squeaked out at 24–21 win. Eight years later, the Steelers went to the Super Bowl by beating Denver 34–17 in Colorado, only to have their campaign to repeat as AFC Champions dashed in Denver after a stunning overtime upset by the Tim Tebow lead Broncos in January 2012. The following September the Steelers were defeated in Denver 31–19 in Peyton Manning's debut as Broncos quarterback. The two clubs met twice in 2015, as the Steelers defeated the Broncos in the regular season but fell in the Divisional Round of the AFC playoffs; Denver presently leads the series 19–11–1, including 5–3 in the playoffs. Neither team has beaten the other more than three times in a row.
The rivalry between the Steelers and the New England Patriots emerged as a prominent rivalry in league circles when the Patriots upset the Steelers in the 2001 AFC Championship Game at Heinz Field, though the two teams had met in the postseason twice before – the Patriots defeated the Steelers in 1996 28-3 while the Steelers won 7-6 in 1997; both times the Patriots fielded players in Ty Law and Curtis Martin with Pittsburgh-area roots; Martin's final game as a Patriots was in the 1997 playoffs before he departed to the rival New York Jets. Following the 2001 AFC title upset the Patriots defeated the Steelers 30-14 at the start of the 2002 season. Pittsburgh did not exact revenge for the two losses until ending the Patriots record-setting 21-game winning streak in week 6 of the 2004 NFL season. Later that season, the Steelers lost to the eventual champion Patriots in the AFC Championship game after a 15–1 season. The Patriots won six of seven meetings over a ten-year period (1998–2007) before the Steelers broke through with a 33–10 victory at Foxborough in 2008, after Matt Cassel had turned the ball over five times. The Steelers lead the all-time regular season series, 13–8. The Patriots in 2013 then made history by becoming the first opponent to score 55 points on the Steelers, winning 55–31. The Patriots won again in 2015 (28-21) and 2016's regular season (27-16) and then won 36-17 in the 2016 AFC Championship Game. In the postseason, the Patriots have outscored the Steelers 135 points to 75, with the Patriots maintaining a 4–1 record. The only other franchises with winning AFC playoff records against Steelers include the Miami Dolphins (2–1, both wins in the AFC Championship), the San Diego Chargers (2–1, all games played in Pittsburgh), the Jacksonville Jaguars (1–0, game at Heinz Field), and the Broncos (5–3). The Steelers have an all-time regular-season record of 14–11 against the Patriots.
Less well known is Pittsburgh's rivalry with the Houston Oilers/Tennessee Titans franchise. The Oilers were aligned into the AFC Central with the Steelers in 1970 and were division rivals for 32 seasons. The Steelers dominated the rivalry during the Houston era and defeated the Oilers in three playoff matchups. But since the franchise moved to Tennessee the rivalry shifted, with the Titans winning 13 of 20 meetings (including a bitter 34–31 playoff showdown in 2002) post-Houston; the Titans won seven in a row in the 1997–2001 period, the longest win streak by either team in the series. The Steelers have won 45 of 77 career meetings following 2014's 27–24 win at LP Field.

text: Culture

text: Mascot

text: Prior to the 2007 season, the Steelers introduced Steely McBeam as their official mascot.[31] As part of the 75th anniversary celebrations of the team, his name was selected from a pool of 70,000 suggestions submitted by fans of the team.[31] Diane Roles of Middlesex Township, Butler County, Pennsylvania submitted the winning name which was "meant to represent steel for Pittsburgh's industrial heritage, "Mc" for the Rooney family's Irish roots, and Beam for the steel beams produced in Pittsburgh, as well as for Jim Beam, her husband's favorite alcoholic beverage."[32] Steely McBeam is visible at all home games and participates in the team's charitable programs and other club-sponsored events.[31] Steely's autograph is known to be drawn with an oversized 'S' and the "L" is drawn to look like a beam of steel.[31]

text: Fanbase

text: The Steelers have a tradition of having a large fanbase, which has spread from Pittsburgh. In August 2008, ESPN.com ranked the Steelers' fans as the best in the NFL, citing their "unbelievable" sellout streak of 299 consecutive games.[6][33] The team gained a large fan base nationally based on its success in the 1970s, but many consider the collapse of the city's steel industry at the end of the 1970s dynasty into the 1980s (and the resulting diaspora) to be a large catalyst for the size of the fan base in other cities.[citation needed] The Steelers have sold out every home game since the 1972 season.[34]

text: The Pittsburgh Steelers have numerous unofficial fan clubs in many cities throughout the country, that typically meet in bars or taverns on game days. This phenomenon is known to occur for other NFL teams as well, but "Steeler bars" are more visible than most, including representative establishments even in cities that field their own NFL teams.

text: The Terrible Towel has been described by the Associated Press as "arguably the best-known fan symbol of any major pro sports team".[34] Conceived of by broadcaster Myron Cope in 1975,[34] the towel's rights have since been given to the Allegheny Valley School in Coraopolis, Pennsylvania, which cares for over 900 people with intellectual disability and physical disabilities, including Cope's autistic son.[35] Since 1996, proceeds from the Terrible Towel have helped raise more than $2.5 million for the school.[35]

text: Fight songs

text: This section does not cite any sources. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (June 2017) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

text: The Steelers have no official fight song, but many fan versions of Here we go Steelers and the Steelers Polka (the latter a parody of Pennsylvania Polka) by ethnic singer Jimmy Pol, both originating in the 1970s, have been recorded. Since 1994, the song Here We Go by local singer Roger Wood has been popular among fans. During Steelers games, Styx's Renegade is often used to rally the crowd.

text: Basketball

text: During the offseason, the Steelers have long participated in charity basketball games throughout Western Pennsylvania and neighboring areas. The games usually feature six active players as well as their player-coach playing against a group of local civic leaders.[36] The players, whose participants aren't announced until the day the game, sign free autographs for fans during halftime.[37]

text: Facilities

text: Stadiums

text: In 2001, the Steelers moved into Heinz Field. The franchise dating back to 1933 has had several homes. For thirty-one seasons, the Steelers shared Forbes Field with the Pittsburgh Pirates from 1933 to 1963. In 1958, though they started splitting their home games at Pitt Stadium three blocks away at the University of Pittsburgh. From 1964 to 1969, the Steelers played exclusively at the on campus facility before moving with the Pirates to Three Rivers Stadium on the city's Northside. Three Rivers is remembered fondly by the Steeler Nation as where Chuck Noll and Dan Rooney turned the franchise into a powerhouse, winning four Super Bowls in just six seasons and making the playoffs 11 times in 13 seasons from 1972 to 1984, the AFC title game seven times. Since 2001 however a new generation of Steeler greats has made Heinz Field legendary with multiple AFC Championship Games being hosted and two Super Bowl championships.

text: Training camp

text: The Steelers hold training camp east of the city at Saint Vincent College in Latrobe, Pennsylvania. The site is one of the most storied in the league with Peter King of SI.com describing it as: "... I love the place. It's the perfect training-camp setting, looking out over the rolling hills of the Laurel Highlands in west-central Pennsylvania, an hour east of Pittsburgh. On a misty or foggy morning, standing atop the hill at the college, you feel like you're in Scotland. Classic, wonderful slice of Americana. If you can visit one training camp, this is the one to see.[38]

text: The team has its headquarters and practice facilities at the state-of-the-art University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Sportsplex on Pittsburgh's Southside. Constructed in 2000, the facility combines the vast expertise of sports medical professionals and researchers as well as hosting the University of Pittsburgh Panthers football team.[39]

text: Historical facilities

text: The Rooney family has long had a close relationship with Duquesne University in the city and from the teams founding in the 1930s to the late 1990s used Art Rooney Field and other facilities on campus as either its primary or secondary in-season training site as well as Greenlee Field during the 1930s.[40]

text: In the 1970s and 1980s, the team had season scrimmages at South Park in the suburban south hills of Pittsburgh. During various seasons including the strike season of 1987, the Steelers used Point Stadium in nearby Johnstown, Pennsylvania for game week practices.[41] During the 1950s St. Bonaventure University[42] and suburban Ligonier[43] also served as a pre-season training camp sites.

text: Statistics

text: Players of note

text: Current roster

text:
Pittsburgh Steelers roster

view
talk
edit

Quarterbacks

 5 Joshua Dobbs
 3 Landry Jones
 7 Ben Roethlisberger

Running backs

26 Le'Veon Bell
30 James Conner
45 Roosevelt Nix FB
39 Terrell Watson

Wide receivers

84 Antonio Brown PR
10 Martavis Bryant
88 Darrius Heyward-Bey
11 Justin Hunter
17 Eli Rogers
19 JuJu Smith-Schuster KR

Tight ends

85 Xavier Grimble
81 Jesse James
89 Vance McDonald

Offensive linemen

66 David DeCastro G
71 Matt Feiler T
67 B. J. Finney C/G
73 Ramon Foster G
77 Marcus Gilbert T
65 Jerald Hawkins T
74 Chris Hubbard T
53 Maurkice Pouncey C
78 Alejandro Villanueva T

Defensive linemen

94 Tyson Alualu DE
79 Javon Hargrave NT
97 Cameron Heyward DE
93 Daniel McCullers NT
91 Stephon Tuitt DE
96 L. T. Walton DE

Linebackers

56 Anthony Chickillo OLB
48 Bud Dupree OLB
54 L. J. Fort ILB
92 James Harrison OLB
44 Tyler Matakevich ILB
55 Arthur Moats OLB
50 Ryan Shazier ILB
90 T. J. Watt OLB
98 Vince Williams ILB

Defensive backs

29 Brian Allen CB
25 Artie Burns CB
28 Sean Davis SS
22 William Gay CB
20 Robert Golden SS
21 Joe Haden CB
31 Mike Hilton CB
23 Mike Mitchell FS
24 Coty Sensabaugh CB
27 J. J. Wilcox FS

Special teams

 4 Jordan Berry P
 9 Chris Boswell K
57 Kameron Canaday LS

Reserve lists

99 Keion Adams OLB (IR)
34 Antonio Crawford CB (IR)
38 Greg Ducre CB (IR)
62 Mike Matthews C (IR)
30 Daimion Stafford S (Did Not Report)
34 Cameron Sutton CB (IR)

Practice squad

37 Jordan Dangerfield SS
61 Kyle Friend C
95 Lavon Hooks NT
41 Farrington Huguenin OLB
46 Keith Kelsey ILB
80 Jake McGee TE
35 Dashaun Phillips CB
13 Justin Thomas WR
33 Fitzgerald Toussaint RB
16 Marcus Tucker WR

Rookies in italics
Roster updated November 6, 2017
Depth chart • Transactions
53 Active, 6 Inactive, 10 Practice squad
→ AFC rosters → NFC rosters

AFC East
BUF
MIA
NE
NYJ
North
BAL
CIN
CLE
PIT
South
HOU
IND
JAX
TEN
West
DEN
KC
LAC
OAK

NFC East
DAL
NYG
PHI
WAS
North
CHI
DET
GB
MIN
South
ATL
CAR
NO
TB
West
ARI
LAR
SF
SEA

text: Retired uniform numbers

text:
Pittsburgh Steelers retired numbers

No.
Player
Position
Seasons
Ref.

70
Ernie Stautner
DT
1950–1963
[44]

75
Joe Greene
DT
1969–1981
[45]

text: The Steelers retired Stautner's #70 in 1964 before creating a 50-year tradition of not retiring numbers. The team retired Greene's #75 in 2014 and left the possibility open that they would retire other players' jersey numbers at later dates. Other numbers are no longer issued since the retirement of the players who wore them, including:[46]

text:
1 Gary Anderson
12 Terry Bradshaw
32 Franco Harris
36 Jerome Bettis
43 Troy Polamalu
52 Mike Webster
58 Jack Lambert
59 Jack Ham
63 Dermontti Dawson
86 Hines Ward

text: Pro Football Hall of Famers

text: "Primary" inductees

text: The Steelers boast the third most "primary" inductees into the Pro Football Hall of Fame, i.e. inductees that spent most or all of their NFL careers in Pittsburgh. They also can claim the most honorees of any franchise founded on or after 1933 and the only franchise with three members of ownership in the Hall.

text:
Pittsburgh Steelers Hall of Famers [47]

No.
Name
Inducted
Position(s)
Years w/ Steelers
Ref.

 –
Bell, BertBert Bell
1963
Co-owner
Head coach
1941–1946
1941
[48]

36
Bettis, JeromeJerome Bettis
2015
RB
1996–2005
[49]

47
Blount, MelMel Blount
1989
CB
1970–1983
[50]

12
Bradshaw, TerryTerry Bradshaw
1989
QB
1970–1983
[51]

80
Butler, JackJack Butler
2012
CB
1951–1959
[52]

63
Dawson, DermonttiDermontti Dawson
2012
C
1988–2000
[53]

35
Dudley, BillBill Dudley
1966
RB
1942, 1945–1946
[54]

75
Greene, Joe"Mean" Joe Greene
1987
DT
1969–1981
[55]

59
Ham, JackJack Ham
1988
LB
1971–1982
[56]

32
Harris, FrancoFranco Harris
1990
RB
1972–1983
[57]

35
Johnson, John HenryJohn Henry Johnson
1987
RB
1960–1965
[58]

35
Kiesling, WaltWalt Kiesling
1966
G
Head coach
1936–1938
1939–1944, 1954–1956
[59]

58
Lambert, JackJack Lambert
1990
LB
1974–1984
[60]

22
Layne, BobbyBobby Layne
1967
QB
1958–1962
[61]

 –
Noll, ChuckChuck Noll
1993
Head coach
1969–1991
[62]

 –
Rooney, ArtArt Rooney
1964
Founder, Owner
1933–1988
[63]

 –
Rooney, DanDan Rooney
2000
Executive, Owner
1975–2017
[64]

82
Stallworth, JohnJohn Stallworth
2002
WR
1974–1987
[65]

70
Stautner, ErnieErnie Stautner
1969
DT
1950–1963
[66]

88
Swann, LynnLynn Swann
2001
WR
1974–1982
[67]

52
Webster, MikeMike Webster
1997
C
1974–1988
[68]

26
Woodson, RodRod Woodson
2009
DB
1987–1996
[69]

text: Award recipients

text:
Rocky Bleier, former Steeler running back received the Purple Heart, Bronze Star and the Combat Infantryman Badge while serving in the Army in Vietnam.
Pat Livingston, Steelers beat writer for the Pittsburgh Press, awarded the 1979 Dick McCann Memorial Award
Vito Stellino, Steelers beat writer in the 1970s for the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, awarded the 1989 Dick McCann Memorial Award[70]
Myron Cope, Announcer (1970–2005), awarded the 2005 Pro Football Hall of Fame's Pete Rozelle Radio-Television Award
John Clayton, Steelers beat writer for the Pittsburgh Press (1976–1986), awarded the 2007 Dick McCann Memorial Award[70]

text: Steelers in the Hall for contributions elsewhere

text:
Steelers in the Hall for contributions elsewhere[47]

No.
Name
Inducted
Steeler Position(s)
Years w/ Steelers
Primary Team
Impact Position(s)
Ref.

36
Cal Hubbard
1963
OT
1936
Green Bay Packers
OT
[71]

15
Johnny "Blood" McNally
1963
FB
Head Coach
1934, 1937–1939
1937–1939
Green Bay Packers
FB
[72]

36
Motley, MarionMarion Motley
1968
FB
1955
Cleveland Browns
FB
[73]

14
Johnny Unitas
1979
QB
1955
Baltimore Colts
QB
[74]

16
Dawson, LenLen Dawson
1987
QB
1957–1959
Kansas City Chiefs
QB
[75]

7
Jim Finks
1995
QB
1949–1955
Minnesota Vikings
GM
[76]

—
Mike Munchak
2001
Offensive Line Coach
2014–present
Houston Oilers
G
[77]

—
Russ Grimm
2010
Offensive Line Coach
2001–2006
Washington Redskins
G
[78]

—
Dick LeBeau
2010
Defensive Coordinator
1992–1996
2004–2014
Detroit Lions
CB
[79]

21
Tony Dungy
2016
S
Defensive Coordinator
1977–1978
1981–1988
Indianapolis Colts
Head coach
[80]

91
Kevin Greene
2016
LB
1993–1995
Los Angeles Rams
LB
[76]

text: Pro Bowl players

text: The following Steelers players have been named to the Pro Bowl:

text:
QB Ben Roethlisberger (5), Kordell Stewart, Neil O'Donnell, Terry Bradshaw (3), Bobby Layne (2), Earl Morrall, Jim Finks
FB Earnest Jackson, Franco Harris (9), John Henry Johnson (3), Fran Rogel, Dick Riffle, John Karcis, Stu Smith
HB Le'Veon Bell (2), Willie Parker (2), Jerome Bettis (4), Barry Foster (2), Dick Hoak, Clendon Thomas, Tom Tracy (2), Ray Mathews (2), Johnny Lattner, Lynn Chandnois (2), Joe Geri (2), Bill Dudley, Merl Condit, Whizzer White
LT Marvel Smith, Charlie Bradshaw (2), Joe Coomer
LG Alan Faneca (7), Duval Love, Mike Sandusky, Byron Gentry (2)
C Maurkice Pouncey (5), Jeff Hartings (2), Dermontti Dawson (7), Mike Webster (9), Buzz Nutter, Bill Walsh (2), Chuck Cherundolo (2), Mike Basrak
RG David DeCastro (2), Carlton Haselrig, Bruce Van Dyke, John Nisby (2), Milt Simington
RT Tunch Ilkin (2), Larry Brown, Frank Varrichione (4), George Hughes (2), John Woudenberg
TE Heath Miller (2), Eric Green (2), Preston Carpenter, Jack McClairen, Elbie Nickel (3)
WR Antonio Brown (4), Mike Wallace, Hines Ward (4), Yancey Thigpen (2), Louis Lipps (2), John Stallworth (4), Lynn Swann (3), Ron Shanklin, Roy Jefferson (2), Gary Ballman (2), Buddy Dial (2), Jimmy Orr
DE Brett Keisel, Aaron Smith, L. C. Greenwood (6), Dwight White (2), Ben McGee (2), Lou Michaels (2), Bill McPeak (3)
DT Casey Hampton (5), Joel Steed, Joe Greene (10), Joe Krupa, Gene Lipscomb, Ernie Stautner (9)
LB Ryan Shazier, Lawrence Timmons, James Harrison (5), LaMarr Woodley, James Farrior (2), Joey Porter (3), Jason Gildon (3), Kendrell Bell, Levon Kirkland (2), Chad Brown, Kevin Greene (2), Greg Lloyd (5), David Little, Mike Merriweather (3), Robin Cole, Jack Lambert (9), Jack Ham (8), Andy Russell (7), Myron Pottios (3), John Reger (3), Dale Dodrill (4), Marv Matuszak, Jerry Shipkey (3)
CB Rod Woodson (7), Mel Blount (5), J.T. Thomas, Marv Woodson, Brady Keys, Dean Derby, Jack Butler (4), Art Jones
SS Troy Polamalu (8), Carnell Lake (4), Donnie Shell (5), Mike Wagner (2)
FS Ryan Clark, Glen Edwards (2)
K Gary Anderson (3), Roy Gerela (2), Mike Clark
P Bobby Walden
KR/PR Antonio Brown (2), Rod Woodson, Glen Edwards

text: NFL MVPs

text:
NFL MVP Winners

Season
Player
Position

1946
Bill Dudley
HB[81]

1978
Terry Bradshaw
QB[82]

text: Defensive Player of the Year Awards winners

text:
NFL Defensive Player of the Year

Season
Player
Position

1972
Joe Greene
DT

1974
Joe Greene
DT

1975
Mel Blount
CB

1976
Jack Lambert
LB

1993
Rod Woodson
DB

2008
James Harrison
LB

2010
Troy Polamalu
S

text: Rookie of the Year Award winners

text:
NFL Offensive Rookie of the Year

Season
Player
Position

1972
Franco Harris
RB

1984
Louis Lipps
WR/RS

2004
Ben Roethlisberger
QB

NFL Defensive Rookie of the Year

Season
Player
Position

1969
Joe Greene
DT

1974
Jack Lambert
LB

2001
Kendrell Bell
LB

text: Super Bowl MVPs

text:
Super Bowl MVP winners

Game
Player
Position

IX
Franco Harris
RB

X
Lynn Swann
WR

XIII
Terry Bradshaw
QB

XIV
Terry Bradshaw
QB

XL
Hines Ward
WR

XLIII
Santonio Holmes
WR

text: NFL All-Decade Teams

text: The following Steelers were named to NFL All-Decade Teams (and 75th Anniversary All-Time Team selected in 1994). Only those who spent time with Pittsburgh during the respective decades are listed.

text:
NFL 1930s All-Decade Team
Johnny "Blood" McNally, HB (1934, 1937–38)

text:
NFL 1940s All-Decade Team
Bill Dudley, HB (1942, 1945–46)
Bucko Kilroy, T (1943)
Vic Sears, T (1943)
Al Wistert, T (1943)

text:
NFL 1950s All-Decade Team
Bobby Layne, QB (1958–62)
Ernie Stautner, DT (1950–63)
Jack Butler, DB (1951–59)

text:
NFL 1960s All-Decade Team
No players selected

text:
NFL 1970s All-Decade Team
Terry Bradshaw, QB (1970–83)
Franco Harris, RB (1972–83)
Lynn Swann, WR (1974–82)
Mike Webster, C (1974–88)
L. C. Greenwood, DE (1969–81)
Joe Greene, DT (1969–81)
Jack Lambert, MLB (1974–84)
Jack Ham, OLB (1971–82)
Chuck Noll, Coach (1969–91)

text:
NFL 1980s All-Decade Team
Mike Webster, C (1974–88)
Jack Lambert, MLB (1974–84)
Mel Blount, CB (1970–83)
Gary Anderson, K (1982–94)
Chuck Noll, Coach (1969–91)

text:
NFL 1990s All-Decade Team
Dermontti Dawson, C (1988–2000)
Kevin Greene, LB (1993–95)
Hardy Nickerson, LB (1987–92)
Levon Kirkland, LB (1992–2000)
Rod Woodson, CB (1987–96)
Carnell Lake, S (1989–98)
Gary Anderson, K (1982–94)

text:
NFL 75th Anniversary All-Time Team
Johnny Unitas, QB (1955)
Marion Motley, FB (1955)
Mike Webster, C (1974–88)
Joe Greene, DT (1969–81)
Jack Lambert, LB (1974–84)
Jack Ham, LB (1971–82)
Mel Blount, CB (1970–83)
Rod Woodson, CB (1987–96)

text:
NFL 2000s All-Decade Team
Alan Faneca, G (1998–2007)
Joey Porter, LB (1999–2006)
Troy Polamalu, S (2003–14)

text: All-time team

text: In 2007, in celebration of the franchise's 75th season, the team announced an updated All-Time team of the 33 best players who have ever played for the Steelers.[83] This team supplanted the previous All-Time team of 24 players named as part of the 50th anniversary commemoration in 1982.[84]

text: A "Legends team" consisting of the club's best pre-1970s players was released concurrently with the latest All-Time team.[85]

text: Dapper Dan Sportsman of the Year

text: The regional Dapper Dan Charities has since 1939 named the "Sportsman of the Year" in the Pittsburgh region. 18 Steelers have won the award in 22 events:

text:
1941 Aldo Donelli
1942 Bill Dudley
1946 Bill Dudley
1950 Joe Geri
1952 Red Dawson
1955 John Michelosen
1962 Lou Michaels
1962 John Michelosen
1968 Dick Hoak
1972 Chuck Noll
1974 Joe Greene
1975 Terry Bradshaw
1977 Franco Harris
1984 John Stallworth
1985 Louis Lipps
1992 Bill Cowher
1994 Bill Cowher
1997 Jerome Bettis
2001 Kordell Stewart
2004 Ben Roethlisberger
2005 Jerome Bettis
2008 Mike Tomlin

text: Hall of Honor

text: The Pittsburgh Steelers Hall of Honor was established on August 1, 2017.[86] There have been 27 inductees.[87]

text:
Pittsburgh Steelers Hall of Honor

N°
Name
Position
Years With Club
Inducted

36
Jerome Bettis
RB
1996–2005
2017[87]

47
Mel Blount
CB
1970–1983
2017[87]

12
Terry Bradshaw
QB
1970–1983
2017[87]

80
Jack Butler
CB
1951–59
2017[87]

63
Dermontti Dawson
C
1988–2000
2017[87]

35
Bill Dudley
HB
1942, 1945–46
2017[87]

75
Joe Greene
DT
1969–81
2017[87]

91
Kevin Greene
LB
1993–95
2017[87]

68
L.C. Greenwood
DE
1969–81
2017[87]

59
Jack Ham
LB
1971–82
2017[87]

32
Franco Harris
RB
1972–83
2017[87]

42
Dick Hoak
RB
Coach
1961–70
1972–2006
2017[87]

35
John Henry Johnson
FB
1960–65
2017[87]

35
Walt Kiesling
G
Coach
1937–39
1939–44, 1954–56
2017[87]

58
Jack Lambert
LB
1974–84
2017[87]

22
Bobby Layne
QB
1958–62
2017[87]

15
Johnny "Blood" McNally
FB
Coach
1934, 1937–39
1937–39
2017[87]

—
Chuck Noll
Coach
1969–91
2017[87]

—
Art Rooney, Sr.
Founder
President
Chairman of the Board
1933–88
2017[87]

—
Dan Rooney, Sr.
President
Chairman
1955–2017
2017[87]

34
Andy Russell
LB
1963, 1966–76
2017[87]

31
Donnie Shell
S
1974–87
2017[87]

82
John Stallworth
WR
1974–87
2017[87]

70
Ernie Stautner
DT
1950–63
2017[87]

88
Lynn Swann
WR
1974–82
2017[87]

52
Mike Webster
C
1974–88
2017[87]

26
Rod Woodson
CB
1987–96
2017[87]

text: Coaches

text: The Steelers have had 16 coaches through their history. They have cycled through the least amount of head coaches in the modern NFL history.[88] Their first coach was Forrest Douds, who coached them to a 3–6–2 record in 1933. Chuck Noll had the longest term as head coach with the Steelers; he is one of only four coaches to coach a single NFL team for 23 years.[4] Hired prior to the 2007 season, the Steelers current coach is Mike Tomlin.[89]

text: Current staff

text:
Pittsburgh Steelers staff

v
t
e

Front Office

President – Art Rooney II
Vice President – Art Rooney Jr.
Vice President & General Manager – Kevin Colbert
Vice President of Football and Business Administration – Omar Khan
Football Administration Coordinator – Samir Suleiman
Player Personnel Coordinator – Dan Rooney Jr.
College Scouting Coordinator – Phil Kreidler
Senior Assistant, College Scouting – Rick Reiprish
Pro Personnel Coordinator – Brandon Hunt
Analytics and Football Research Coordinator – Karim Kassam

Head Coaches

Head Coach – Mike Tomlin
Assistant Head Coach/Defensive Line – John Mitchell

Offensive Coaches

Offensive Coordinator – Todd Haley
Quarterbacks – Randy Fichtner
Running Backs – James Saxon
Wide Receivers – Richard Mann
Tight Ends – James Daniel
Offensive Line – Mike Munchak
Offensive Assistant – Shaun Sarrett

Defensive Coaches

Defensive Coordinator – Keith Butler
Inside Linebackers – Jerry Olsavsky
Outside Linebackers – Joey Porter
Defensive Backs – Carnell Lake
Defensive Assistant – Steve Meyer

Special Teams Coaches

Special Teams Coordinator – Danny Smith

Strength and Conditioning

Strength and Conditioning – Garrett Giemont
Conditioning Assistant – Marcel Pastoor

→ Coaching Staff
→ Management
→ More NFL staffs

AFC East
BUF
MIA
NE
NYJ
North
BAL
CIN
CLE
PIT
South
HOU
IND
JAX
TEN
West
DEN
KC
LAC
OAK

NFC East
DAL
NYG
PHI
WAS
North
CHI
DET
GB
MIN
South
ATL
CAR
NO
TB
West
ARI
LAR
SF
SEA

text: Offensive coordinator history

text:
Years
Name

2012–present
Todd Haley

2007–2011
Bruce Arians

2004–2006
Ken Whisenhunt

2001–2003
Mike Mularkey

1999–2000
Kevin Gilbride

1998
Ray Sherman

1996–1997
Chan Gailey

1992–1995
Ron Erhardt

1990–1991
Joe Walton

1983–1989
Tom Moore

text: Defensive coordinator history

text:
Years
Name

2015–present
Keith Butler

2004–2014
Dick LeBeau

2000–2003
Tim Lewis

1997–1999
Jim Haslett

1995–1996
Dick LeBeau

1992–1994
Dom Capers

1990–1991
Dave Brazil

1989
Rod Rust

1984–1988
Tony Dungy

1979–1983
Woody Widenhofer

1978
George Perles

1973–1977
Bud Carson

text: Media

text: As of 2006, the Steelers' flagship radio stations were WDVE 102.5 FM and WBGG 970 AM. Both stations are owned by iHeartMedia. Games are also available on 51 radio stations in Pennsylvania, Western Maryland, Ohio, and Northern West Virginia.[91] The announcers are Bill Hillgrove and Tunch Ilkin. Craig Wolfley is the sideline reporter. Myron Cope, the longtime color analyst and inventor of the "Terrible Towel", retired after the 2004 season, and died in 2008.

text: Pre-season games not shown on one of the national broadcasters are seen on CBS O&O KDKA-TV, channel 2; sister CW O&O WPCW, channel 19; and AT&T SportsNet Pittsburgh. KDKA-TV's Bob Pompeani and former Steelers quarterback Charlie Batch do the announcing for the pre-season games, as well as the two hosting the pre-game program Steelers Kickoff during the regular season prior to the national airing of The NFL Today. Pompeani and former Steelers lineman Chris Hoke also host the Xfinity Xtra Point following the game on days when CBS does not have that week's NFL doubleheader. When CBS has a week's doubleheader, the show airs on WPCW. Coach Mike Tomlin's weekly press conference is shown live on AT&T SportsNet Pittsburgh. Both Batch and Hoke replaced former Steelers lineman Edmund Nelson, who retired from broadcasting in 2015.[92]

text: Thursday Night Football broadcasts are shown locally on KDKA, while national ESPN broadcasts are shown locally on WTAE-TV, channel 4. (WTAE-TV is owned by the Hearst Corporation, which owns a 20% stake in ESPN.) By virtue of being members of the AFC, most of the Steelers' games air on CBS except for home games against NFC opponents, which air locally on WPGH-TV, which is a Fox affiliate. NBC Sunday Night Football games are carried by WPXI, channel 11, in the market.

text: The Steelers hold a national contract with Grupo Imagen for radio rights to their games in Mexico; Imagen broadcasts the Steelers on their stations in 17 Mexican cities.

text: Figures with broadcasting résumés

text: The Steelers franchise has a rich history of producing well-known sportscasters over the years. The most famous of these is probably Myron Cope, who served as a Steelers radio color commentator for 35 seasons (1970–2004).

text: Several former Steelers players have gone on to careers in media after completing their playing careers.

text: Newspaper

text: The Steelers Digest is the only official newspaper for the Pittsburgh Steelers. It has been published for 22 years and is currently published by Dolphin/Curtis Publishing in Miami, Florida, which also handles several other publications. The newspaper is very widely acknowledged by Steelers fans. Issues are mailed out to paying subscribers weekly through the season after every regular season game and continues through playoffs as long as the Steelers do. After a Super Bowl victory, a bonus issue is published, which is followed by a draft preview, draft recap, and training camp edition every other month, then leading into the pre-season. There are typically 24 issues of the paper within a publishing year. The newspaper is listed on the official Steelers.com page.

text: Usage in popular culture

text: The Steelers success over several decades has permeated film and literature. The Steelers are portrayed in the following big-budget Hollywood films:

text:
The January 11, 1975 episode of the Mary Tyler Moore Show used the team's first Super Bowl as the plot device.[93]
Black Sunday in 1977
Heaven Can Wait in 1978
Smokey and the Bandit II in 1980
Fighting Back in 1980
Hey Kid, Catch! in 1980
...All the Marbles in 1981
Evening Shade (TV series) 1990–1994
The Waterboy cameo by Bill Cowher in 1998
The Longest Yard in 2005
The Chief a theater production.
Black and Yellow in 2010.
The Dark Knight Rises in 2012 features several Steelers players as the fictional Gotham Rogues, which was filmed in Heinz Field
Mad Men's April 14, 2013 episode has Don Draper, Pete Campbell and Roger Sterling meeting with two HJ Heinz executives. The executives are told that not only would the ad firm have given them tickets to the Steelers' November 19, 1967 game at the Giants, the firm would have worked it so that the Steelers would have won (they lost 20–28).
Concussion in 2015 features players from the team suffering from CTE.

text: The protagonist of John Grisham's novel "The Associate" is a staunch Steelers fan.

text: The Chuck Noll Foundation for Brain Injury Research

text: The Steelers helped launch the Chuck Noll Foundation for Brain Injury Research in November 2016 by donating $1 million.[94] The Foundation, started by Steelers president Art Rooney II, focuses on education and research regarding brain injuries and sports-related concussions.

text: In June 2017, the Steelers announced an inaugural charity walk to raise money for the foundation.[95]


document_title: Bling-bling

question_text: who came up with the phrase bling bling

question_tokens: who came up with the phrase bling bling

text: Bling-bling

text: Origins and popularization of the term[edit]

text: In linguistics terms, bling is either an ideophone or an onomatopoeia, depending on the definition adhered to. The term is intended to evoke the "sound" of light hitting something shiny, especially valuables like silver, platinum, or diamonds. The form bling-bling is a case of reduplication.

text: During the mid- to late 1960s, toothpaste maker Ultra Brite ran a series of commercials stating, "Ultrabrite gives your mouth...[blown kiss]...[bell ting]...sex appeal!" suggesting fresh breath and a brilliant smile.[1] [2] Before the words "sex appeal", a bell sound was heard as a young man or woman smiled. Comedians such as Martin Lawrence parodied the "Ultrabrite smile" sequence [blow] + [ting] "bling" as both "bling-bling," and "bling-blauw."

text: Within the film and television incidental soundtrack industry, the use of a glockenspiel playing a single note in broken octaves had long been used as a literal musical translation of the visual effect of the glint of light on, say, a diamond ring. It came to be used as a hackneyed shorthand by TV composers, and especially within low budget TV cartoons, the iconography and sound worlds of which heavily informed early hip-hop culture. The 'B-' of the 'Bling' mimics the lower octave chime, while the '-ling’ similarly vocalises the lighter, less percussive sound of the same note played an octave (or two) higher, as beaten just a millisecond later.

text: In the 1993 hit song by Diggable Planets, the song “Rebirth of Slick(Cool Like Dat)” you can hear the female sing “Bling! Bling! Bling! Bling” in the background. The term was used in this way to describe a gaudy piece of jewelry, for example the otherwise rotten gold-toothed smile and stereotypical pimp jewelry of the character "Jerome" on the television series Martin. Jesse West (known as rapper 3rd Eye) is cited as perhaps the first rapper to use the complete term "bling bling"[3] on Super Cat's 1993 hit "Dolly My Baby (Remix)" – a song that West produced, and also featured Puff Daddy and a young Biggie Smalls in his record debut.

text: The term 'bling' reached mainstream popularity in 1999, when the song "Bling Bling" by rap artist B.G. featuring the Cash Money Millionaires cracked the Top 40 of the Billboard Hot 100; the chorus of the song featured a young Lil' Wayne rapping "Everytime I come around your city bling bling; Pinky ring worth about 50 bling bling; Everytime I buy a new ride bling bling; Lorenzos on Yokahama tires bling bling." Late rapper Tupac mentioned bling in his 1996 song "Fuck Friendz" off his posthumous album Until the End of Time. He goes by saying "Check out my – diamonds bitch everyone gonna blink (bling bling bling)".

text: Mass usage[edit]

text: While the specific term bling was first popularized in the hip hop community, it has spread beyond hip hop culture and into mass culture after the original Hot Boyz chart-topper "Bling-bling" became popular. This is similar to the meteoric rise of hip hop music itself, which has led to its most popular artists becoming mainstream pop music icons. "Bling" was added to the Shorter Oxford English Dictionary in 2002 and to the Merriam Webster dictionary in 2006. Companies such as Sprint and Cadillac have used the word bling in their advertisements.

text: In 2004, MTV released a satirical cartoon showing the term being used first by a rapper and then by several progressively less "streetwise" characters, concluding with a middle-aged white woman describing her earrings to her elderly mother.[4] It ended with the statement, "RIP bling-bling 1997-2003." In 2005, the rapper B.G. remarked that he "just wished that he'd trademarked it"[5] so that he could have profited. Like many cases of once-exclusive vernacular that becomes mainstream, the views of the originators towards the term have changed significantly over the years. On VH1's Why You Love Hip-Hop, rapper Fat Joe stated, "rappers don't call jewelry bling anymore, we just call 'em diamonds."

text: In other languages[edit]

text: The term has also spread to Spanish: rappers use the term in Latin hip-hop and in reggaeton from Puerto Rico and Panama, although it is usually written and pronounced "blin-blin".[6] The Spanish word blinblineo is also used to refer to bling-bling style. The term is used in French traditionally to describe nouveau riche attitudes; such as "wearing expensive suits, stylish sunglasses and conspicuously large wristwatches" or anything that is ostentatious and can be considered of "poor taste".[7] In German, it is usually used as "Bling".

text: Criticism[edit]

text: The short film Bling: Consequences and Repercussions, shot by Kareem Adouard and narrated by Public Enemy frontman Chuck D, explains how diamonds (a staple of bling fashion) occasionally originate as blood diamonds, fueling wars, poverty, slavery, and killings in Africa.[8] Bling: A Planet Rock (2007) documents the flashy world of commercial hip-hop jewelry against the significant role diamonds play in the ten-year civil war in Sierra Leone, West Africa. The movie follows three hip-hop personalities: Raekwon (Wu-Tang Clan), Paul Wall (maker of diamond grills), and Reggaetón artist Tego Calderón as they visit the capital of Freetown to meet the community and survey the devastation caused by the diamond mines.