document_title: Amherst, Nova Scotia

question_text: what is the population of amherst nova scotia

text: Amherst, Nova Scotia

text: History[edit]

text: According to Dr. Graham P. Hennessey, "The Micmac name was Nemcheboogwek meaning 'going up rising ground', in reference to the higher land to the east of the Tantramar Marshes. The Acadians who settled here as early as 1672 called the village Les Planches. The village was later renamed Amherst by Colonel Joseph Morse in honour of Lord Amherst, the commander-in-chief of the British Army in North America during the Seven Years' War."

text: The town was first settled in 1764 by immigrants from Yorkshire following the expulsion of the Acadians, with the original settlement being located three kilometres southwest of the present town on the shore of the Bay of Fundy.[citation needed] These settlers were joined by United Empire Loyalists (Loyalists who fled the American colonies during the American Revolution). A mill was built on the current townsite, and the residents moved there to be closer to work.

text: During the 19th century, Amherst became an important regional centre for shipbuilding and other services to outlying communities. An indication of the town's importance in Canadian history is seen with its four Fathers of Confederation: Edward B. Chandler, Robert B. Dickey, Jonathan McCully, and Sir Charles Tupper.

text: During the late 19th century, local industrialists and entrepreneurs constructed many fine Victorian and Edwardian homes along Victoria Street East, leading toward the farming hamlet of East Amherst. Many notable residents have lived in this district, including Tupper, Senator Thomas R. Black, the Barker Family, the Lamy Family, the Pugsley Family and Mary (Molly) Simmons Critchley. Amherst gained brief notoriety in the late 19th century as the location of alleged poltergeist phenomena afflicting Amherst resident Esther Cox in 1878 and 1879, which became known as the Great Amherst Mystery after the publication of a popular book on the affair.[2]

text: Amherst experienced unprecedented industrialization in the late 1870s after the Intercolonial Railway of Canada constructed its main line from Halifax to Quebec through the town in 1872. The location of the railway line away from the Bay of Fundy coast further consolidated the town at its present location as industry and commercial activity centred around this important transportation link. The economic boom created by the arrival of the Intercolonial Railway lasted through World War I and numerous foundries, factories and mills opened, giving rise to the nickname "Busy Amherst".

text: In 1908, the manufacturing output of Amherst's industries was not exceeded by any centre in the Maritime Provinces. Many of the fine old buildings along Victoria Street are considered industrial artifacts because they were constructed during a period of tremendous industry growth. Local contractors employed local craftsmen, who used local materials. Notice the emphasis on sandstone and brick, both locally produced and delightful detail which reflects the skilled craftsmanship prevalent in the 19th century.

text: Amherst's prosperity would not last as the failed economic policies of the federal and provincial governments, coupled with World War I, saw the town's industrial economy begin a slow decline during the 1910s. A prisoner-of-war and enemy alien camp was set up at Malleable Iron Foundry in Amherst from April 1915 to September 1919,[3] and Russian revolutionary Leon Trotsky was incarcerated there for one month after he was arrested in Halifax, Nova Scotia in April 1917.[4][5] Trotsky was transferred to the isolated Kapuskasing Interment Camp in northern Ontario until his release and expulsion after Soviet Russia signed the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, ending their involvement in the war.

text: During the Amherst general strike in 1919, worker unrest over social and economic conditions led to mass protests in sympathy with the Winnipeg general strike.

text: The eventual closure of companies such as Robb Engineering & Manufacturing (purchased by Canada Car and Foundry and then closed) and Amherst Pianos, among others led to a resignation of lost dreams as the town was overtaken by other newer manufacturing centres in central Canada during the 20th century. Amherst had a modest-sized industrial park constructed during the 1960s when the Trans-Canada Highway was being developed. Today the majority of the town's major employers are located there, including PolyCello and IMP Aerospace.

text: During World War II, the Royal Canadian Navy named a Flower class corvette HMCS Amherst.

text: The town is currently served by Via Rail's Halifax-to-Montreal train Ocean.

text: Businesses[edit]

text: Amherst is the retail centre for Cumberland County and the southeastern part of Westmorland County (New Brunswick). The town has several big box stores, including Walmart, Sobeys, Atlantic Superstore, Canadian Tire, Kent Building Supplies, Giant Tiger and Dollarama in addition to several fast food restaurants and auto dealerships. Shoppers Drug Mart was the town's anchor pharmacy retail until its closure on October 8, 2015 due to the long periods of declining profits and change of shopping habits. Zellers was a long time anchor store in the area until the purchase of the majority of the chain by Target which promptly announced the closure of many Zellers locations in smaller centers such as Amherst. There are also smaller independent retailers and restaurants in the downtown area, situated among various historic buildings. The town's location on Highway 104 (part of the Trans-Canada Highway) has transformed South Albion Street and Robert Angus Drive into a highway service centre. Liberty Enterprises Limited, started in 1973, operates a brass and aluminum foundry.[6]

text: Sports[edit]

text: Amherst is home of the Amherst Ramblers, a Junior A Hockey League team from the Maritime Hockey League. All home games are played out of the 2,500 seat Amherst Stadium. The season usually runs from mid-September to early March every year. The Ramblers draw some of the largest crowds in the Maritime Hockey League, and have placed third in average attendance over the past few years. They won the Centennial Cup in 1993.

text: Amherst is home to a popular running club known as the 'Amherst Striders' that are recognized at almost every race in the Maritimes. Amherst Striders meet 3 to 4 times a week, do not charge any membership fees and open to anyone interested in running and living a healthy lifestyle.

text: Every August, Amherst hosts an eight-team little league baseball tournament, featuring four teams from New England.

text: Climate[edit]

text: Amherst experiences a humid continental climate (Dfb). The highest temperature ever recorded was 34.4 °C (94 °F) on 18 August 1935. The coldest temperature ever recorded was −37.2 °C (−35 °F) on 18 February 1922.[7]

text:
[hide]Climate data for Nappan, 1981−2010 normals, extremes 1890−present[a]

Month
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Year

Record high °C (°F)
16.8
(62.2)
16.2
(61.2)
24.2
(75.6)
26.1
(79)
30.0
(86)
31.7
(89.1)
32.7
(90.9)
34.4
(93.9)
32.2
(90)
27.0
(80.6)
23.5
(74.3)
18.5
(65.3)
34.4
(93.9)

Average high °C (°F)
−2.7
(27.1)
−1.4
(29.5)
2.5
(36.5)
8.8
(47.8)
15.7
(60.3)
20.7
(69.3)
24.0
(75.2)
23.8
(74.8)
19.5
(67.1)
13.3
(55.9)
6.8
(44.2)
1.0
(33.8)
11.0
(51.8)

Daily mean °C (°F)
−7.7
(18.1)
−6.5
(20.3)
−2.1
(28.2)
4.1
(39.4)
10.2
(50.4)
15.0
(59)
18.5
(65.3)
18.2
(64.8)
14.2
(57.6)
8.5
(47.3)
3.0
(37.4)
−3.4
(25.9)
6.0
(42.8)

Average low °C (°F)
−12.6
(9.3)
−11.5
(11.3)
−6.8
(19.8)
−0.6
(30.9)
4.6
(40.3)
9.2
(48.6)
12.9
(55.2)
12.5
(54.5)
8.9
(48)
3.6
(38.5)
−0.8
(30.6)
−7.7
(18.1)
1.0
(33.8)

Record low °C (°F)
−36.7
(−34.1)
−37.2
(−35)
−29.5
(−21.1)
−21.1
(−6)
−6.7
(19.9)
−3.3
(26.1)
−1.1
(30)
0.0
(32)
−4.5
(23.9)
−12.2
(10)
−18.9
(−2)
−34.0
(−29.2)
−37.2
(−35)

Average precipitation mm (inches)
106.1
(4.177)
82.7
(3.256)
104.7
(4.122)
91.6
(3.606)
100.7
(3.965)
82.6
(3.252)
89.0
(3.504)
74.4
(2.929)
102.1
(4.02)
102.8
(4.047)
110.8
(4.362)
107.3
(4.224)
1,154.8
(45.465)

Average rainfall mm (inches)
47.9
(1.886)
36.1
(1.421)
49.1
(1.933)
62.7
(2.469)
91.7
(3.61)
79.6
(3.134)
89.0
(3.504)
74.4
(2.929)
98.4
(3.874)
97.2
(3.827)
95.9
(3.776)
64.2
(2.528)
886.0
(34.882)

Average snowfall cm (inches)
62.4
(24.57)
51.2
(20.16)
49.9
(19.65)
23.9
(9.41)
5.2
(2.05)
0.0
(0)
0.0
(0)
0.0
(0)
0.0
(0)
0.2
(0.08)
15.6
(6.14)
45.8
(18.03)
254.2
(100.08)

Average precipitation days (≥ 0.2 mm)
14.3
11.9
13.2
13.0
14.7
14.2
13.1
12.3
11.7
13.6
15.1
14.0
161.2

Average rainy days (≥ 0.2 mm)
5.3
4.9
6.9
10.0
13.8
13.6
12.7
12.1
11.4
12.8
12.3
6.9
122.6

Average snowy days (≥ 0.2 cm)
10.4
8.4
7.3
3.6
0.52
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.09
2.8
7.6
40.7

Mean monthly sunshine hours
93.9
108.6
137.9
146.5
186.0
208.5
229.7
218.0
161.1
130.7
76.2
79.3
1,776.1

Percent possible sunshine
33.1
37.2
37.4
36.2
40.2
44.4
48.4
49.8
42.7
38.4
26.7
29.3
38.6

Source: Environment Canada[7][8][9][10][11][12]

text: Demographics[edit]

text:
Historical populations

Year
Pop.
±%

1871
1,839
—

1881
2,274
+23.7%

1891
3,781
+66.3%

1901
4,964
+31.3%

1911
8,973
+80.8%

1921
9,998
+11.4%

1931
7,450
−25.5%

1941
8,620
+15.7%

1951
9,870
+14.5%

1956
10,301
+4.4%

1961
10,788
+4.7%

1971
9,966
−7.6%

1981
9,684
−2.8%

1986
9,671
−0.1%

1991
9,742
+0.7%

1996
9,669
−0.7%

2001
9,470
−2.1%

2006
9,505
+0.4%

2011
9,717
+2.2%

2016
9,413
−3.1%

[13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]

text: In the 2016 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, the Town of Amherst recorded a population of 9,413 living in 4,372 of its 4,745 total private dwellings, a change of 2999690000000000000♠−3.1% from its 2011 population of 9,717. With a land area of 12.07 km2 (4.66 sq mi), it had a population density of 779.9/km2 (2,019.8/sq mi) in 2016.[1]

text:
Canada 2006 Census[23]

Ethnic Origin
Population
 % of Total Population

Canadian
4,215
45.4

English
3,625
39.1

Scottish
2,745
29.6

Irish
2,040
22.0

French
1,840
19.8

German
655
7.1

Dutch (Netherlands)
385
4.1

text: Notable citizens[edit]

text:
Willard Boyle, co-inventor of the charge-coupled device (CCD), for which he shared a 2009 Nobel Prize in Physics
Alfred Paul Rogers, American Orthodontist
Roger Stuart Bacon, former Premier of Nova Scotia
Bill Casey, politician
Edward Barron Chandler, politician
Robert C. Coates, politician
Alex Colville, Painter
George Barton Cutten, university president
Mac Davis, NHL player
Robert Barry Dickey, politician
Leslie Feist, musician
Sandy Goss, Olympian
Rocky Johnson, professional wrestler, WWE Hall of Fame inductee, father of Dwayne "The Rock" Johnson
Jonathan McCully, politician
Willard M. Mitchell, artist and architect
James Pearson Newcomb, Secretary of State of Texas
William Thomas Pipes, former Premier of Nova Scotia
Edgar Nelson Rhodes, former Premier of Nova Scotia
Bill Riley, third Black player to play in the NHL
Norman McLeod Rogers, politician
Sir Charles Tupper, 6th Prime Minister of Canada

text: Media[edit]

text: Television[edit]

text: Amherst is served locally by EastLink TV. The station also serves the communities of Springhill, Oxford, and others in the county, as well as Sackville, New Brunswick.

text: Radio[edit]

text:
90.1 FM CFNS
99.1 FM CITA
101.7 FM CKDH
107.9 FM CFTA (Tantramar FM)

text: Newspapers[edit]

text:
Amherst News (weekly)
Citizen - Record (weekly)


document_title: Inning

question_text: who bats in the top of the inning

question_tokens: who bats in the top of the inning

root

text: Inning

text: Gameplay[edit]

text: Each half-inning formally starts when the umpire calls "Play" or "Play ball". A full inning consists of six outs, three for each team; and, in Major League Baseball and most other adult leagues, a regulation game consists of nine innings. The visiting team bats in the first half-inning, the top of the inning, derived from the position of the visiting team at the top line of a baseball line score. The home team's half of an inning is the bottom of the inning, and the break between halves of an inning is the middle of the inning. If the home team is leading in the middle of the final scheduled inning, or scores to take the lead in the bottom of the final scheduled inning, the game immediately ends in a home victory.

tag: p

text: In most leagues, if the score is tied after the final scheduled inning, the game goes into extra innings until an inning ends with one team ahead of the other. In Japanese baseball, however, games end if tied after 12 innings (or, in postseason play in Nippon Professional Baseball, 15 innings). For the 2011 and 2012 NPB season, a game also ended in a tie if a regular-season game has reached its 3-hour, 30-minute time limit and both teams are tied. As in the case of the ninth inning, a home team which scores to take a lead in any extra inning automatically wins, and the inning (and the game) is considered complete at that moment regardless of the number of outs. This is commonly referred to as a "walk-off" situation, since the last play results in the teams walking off the field because the game is over. However, road teams can't earn a "walk-off" victory by scoring the go-ahead run in extra innings, unlike in ice hockey where the team (either home or away) scoring first in overtime automatically wins.

text: A baseball game can be shorter than scheduled innings if it is interrupted by rain (or other bad weather). Such a game, called a rain out, is often preceded by a rain delay, a pause in the game during which the umpires will try to determine if the weather will allow the game to continue. If so, the game will simply be delayed until the rain stops, and then play will resume. If not, the umpires will announce a rain out and play will be suspended for the day. The game may have to be replayed in its entirety at a later date, but under certain circumstances, a game shortened because of rain can count as an official game, and the team that was ahead at the time the game was called will be awarded the win. See the article on rainout (sports) for further details.[3]

text: Professional baseball games[4] as well as college baseball games are scheduled for nine innings[5]. High school games[6] and College softball are scheduled for seven innings[7], as are some minor league baseball doubleheaders[8]. College games may be shortened to seven innings if one team's score is ahead by a minimum of ten runs[5]. Little League games are scheduled for six innings and may be shortened further (auto-forfeit) if a team has an overwhelming scoring lead.[9]

text: Terminology[edit]

text: Ending a half-inning is referred to as "retiring the side". A half-inning in which all batters are put out without taking a base is referred to as a "one-two-three inning". The number of innings a pitcher is in a game is measured by the innings pitched statistic.

text: In US English, baseball terminology is sometimes found in non-sports usage in a tense situation: "it's the bottom of the ninth [inning]" (sometimes adding, "with two outs"), meaning "there isn't much time to turn things around here".

text: While inning is the standard baseball term, there is at least one literary instance, of innings being used in a baseball context. This occurs in the story "Baseball Hattie" by Damon Runyon, who refers to the seventh innings of a Phillies-Giants game.