document_title: 2017 Las Vegas shooting

question_text: who was playing when the vegas shooting started

text: 2017 Las Vegas shooting

text: Background

text: Location

text: The Las Vegas Strip is a stretch of Las Vegas Boulevard in Clark County, Nevada, immediately south of the City of Las Vegas. The Strip is known for its concentration of casinos and resort hotels, including the 43-story Mandalay Bay southwest of its intersection with Mandalay Bay Road, in the unincorporated town of Paradise.[2]

text: Las Vegas Village is located diagonally across the intersection to the northeast; the 15-acre (6.1-hectare) lot is used for outdoor performances.[2][3] The annual Route 91 Harvest country music festival has been held there since 2014; the 2017 festival ran from September 29 to October 1.[3][a]

text: Preparation

text: Paddock may have considered attacking other outdoor concerts. He reserved a room that overlooked the August 2017 Lollapalooza festival in Chicago, but did not use it. He appears to have stayed in Downtown Las Vegas from September 14 until the night of the shooting. Between September 22 and 24, he rented rooms at The Ogden, which overlooked the open-air Life Is Beautiful festival.[4]

text: Paddock arrived at the Mandalay Bay on September 25, 2017, and he was booked into a complimentary room because he was a frequent gambler at the casino.[5] Three days later, he moved to the 32nd floor suite, which overlooks Las Vegas Village.[6][b] He placed a "Do not disturb" sign on the door, organized the room, and stockpiled an arsenal of weapons.[7][8] Clark County Sheriff Joe Lombardo said Paddock carried more than ten suitcases into his hotel suite during his preparation for the shooting.[7]

text: Twenty-three firearms, a large quantity of ammunition, and numerous high-capacity magazines capable of holding up to 100 rounds apiece were found in the suite.[9][10] The firearms included four DDM4 rifles, three FN-15 rifles, one AR-15 rifle with forward front grip, one .308-caliber AR-10 rifle, one Kalashnikov, and at least one made-to-order LMT rifle and one handgun.[11][12][13] Two of the rifles were equipped with telescopic sights and mounted on bipods.[14][15] Twelve of the guns were fitted with bump fire stocks,[11] which allowed for recoil to actuate their triggers at a rate of 90 rounds in 10 seconds.[16] The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives determined that the firearms found in his hotel room, along with more guns found in his homes, had been legally purchased in the states of Nevada, California, Texas, and Utah.[17] In the month preceding the shooting, he had attempted to purchase a large quantity of tracer ammunition, but the gun dealer he approached did not have the item in stock.[18]

text: Investigators found hidden surveillance cameras that were placed inside and outside the hotel room, presumably so Paddock could monitor the arrival of others.[19] The cameras were not in record mode.[20] Police said a handwritten note found in the room indicated Paddock had been calculating the distance, wind, and trajectory from his 32nd floor hotel suite to the concertgoers he was targeting on the festival lot.[21][22]

text: At a press conference on October 4, Sheriff Lombardo stated there was evidence—which he declined to discuss—that Paddock intended to escape the scene, and that he may have had assistance from an accomplice.[23] Investigators searched Paddock's room and found a "bulletproof vest" and breathing apparatus, which were survival gear that Paddock never used.[24]

text: During subsequent investigations, ammonium nitrate (often used in improvised explosive devices) was found in the trunk of his Hyundai Tucson SUV, along with 1,600 rounds of ammunition and 50 pounds (23 kg) of Tannerite, a binary explosive used to make explosive targets for gun ranges.[25][26] Undersheriff Kevin McMahill said that while Paddock had "nefarious intent" with the material, he did not appear to have assembled an explosive device.[18][27]

text: Shooting

text: The mass shooting occurred between 10:05 and 10:15 p.m. PDT on October 1, 2017 (the third and final night of the festival). When the shooting began, country music singer Jason Aldean was giving the closing performance in front of an audience of about 22,000.[28]

text: Shortly before 10:00 p.m., hotel security guard Jesus Campos was sent to the 32nd floor to investigate an open-door alert. He encountered a barricaded door that prevented him from immediately accessing the floor. After arriving on the floor, he heard drilling coming from Room 32135, which was Paddock's suite, and went to investigate. At approximately 10:05, he was hit in the right thigh by one of about 200 bullets that Paddock fired through the door of his suite. After Campos was hit, he immediately informed the hotel by radio and cellphone that he had been shot. At the same time, maintenance worker Stephen Schuck was on the same floor to check out the report of a jammed fire door. Campos, who was already injured, encountered Schuck and told him to take cover. Schuck contacted hotel dispatchers over his radio, informed them of the ongoing shooting, and told them to call the police.[29][30][31][32] Neither Las Vegas Metropolitan Police Department nor MGM Resorts International, the Mandalay Bay's owner, have confirmed when information about the initial shooting was relayed to the police.[33][34][35][36]

text:
1

2

3

1

Mandalay Bay hotel

2

Main stage of Route 91 Harvest festival

3

Jet fuel tanks at McCarran International Airport

text: Paddock used a hammer to break two of his suite's windows and began shooting through them at 10:05 p.m.,[37] ultimately firing more than 1,100 rifle rounds[38] approximately 490 yards (450 m) into the festival audience.[39][40][41][c] Many people in the crowd initially mistook the gunfire for fireworks.[42] During the shooting, a security fence hindered concertgoers from fleeing the 15-acre concrete lot.[43] The gunfire continued, with some momentary pauses, over the span of ten minutes and ended by 10:15 p.m.[44][45]

text: Two of the bullets fired by Paddock struck a large jet fuel tank at McCarran International Airport 2,000 feet (600 m) away. One of the bullets penetrated the tank, but the fuel did not ignite or explode because there was a very low probability that a bullet could ignite it.[46]

text: During the shooting, police officers were initially confused whether the shots were coming from the Mandalay Bay, the nearby Luxor hotel, or the festival grounds.[43] There were also multiple false reports of additional shooters at other hotels on the Strip.[47] Officers eventually spotted multiple flashes of gunfire in the middle of the northern side of Mandalay Bay and responded to the hotel. At 10:12 p.m., two officers on the 31st floor reported the sounds of gunfire on the floor above them.[43] When officers arrived on the 32nd floor at 10:17 p.m. and encountered Campos a minute later, he directed them to Paddock's room and helped others evacuate. Campos was then directed to seek medical attention for himself.[30][32]

text: Between 10:26 and 10:30 p.m., an additional eight officers arrived at the 32nd floor. The gunfire had ceased, and the police moved systematically down the hallway, searching and clearing each room, using a master key that was provided by Campos. At 10:55 p.m., the officers finished evacuating guests. At 11:20 p.m., police breached Paddock's room with explosives.[45][43][48] Paddock was found dead on the floor from a self-inflicted gunshot wound to the head.[49][50] While entering the hotel suite, an officer accidentally fired one round from his weapon, but the bullet did not hit anyone.[51] At 11:27 p.m., officers announced over the police radio that one suspect was down.[45][52] Early on October 2, Sheriff Lombardo identified the suspect as Stephen Paddock.[53]

text: Early reports

text: There have been several changes in the official account and timeline of Paddock's shooting of hotel security guard Campos. Police officials described these adjustments as "minute changes" that are common in complex investigations.[30]

text: In their first statement about the incident, police officials inaccurately reported that Campos arrived on the scene after Paddock began firing into the crowd. In a second statement, police officials reported, again inaccurately, that Campos was shot six minutes before Paddock began firing into the crowd. That report had been based on a 9:59 p.m. notation in a hotel security log, which in a third statement was determined to have been the time when Campos encountered the barricaded door.[29][31]

text: Sheriff Lombardo dismissed allegations that the changing timeline was the result of some kind of conspiracy between the police department, the FBI, and MGM Resorts International saying, "Nobody is attempting to hide anything in reference to this investigation. The dynamics and the size of this investigation requires us to go through voluminous amounts of information in order to draw an accurate picture."[29]

text: Casualties

text: A total of 58 people (excluding Paddock) lost their lives as a result of the shooting.[54][55][56] The fatalities included 36 women and 22 men.[54] The oldest was 67, the youngest 20.[57] Six were from Nevada, 35 from California, 13 from other states, and four from Canada.[58] An additional 546 people were injured.[35] In the aftermath, many victims were transported to area hospitals, which included University Medical Center of Southern Nevada, Sunrise Hospital & Medical Center, and at least one of the six hospitals of Valley Health System.[59][60][61] Sunrise Hospital treated the largest portion of the wounded: 199 patients,[62] 150 of whom arrived within a timespan of about 40 minutes.[63] For reasons that are unclear, most patients were transported to Sunrise, a Level II trauma center. University Medical Center, a nearby Level I trauma center, treated only 104 patients.[64] Six victims sought medical treatment in Southern California; UC Irvine Medical Center treated four and Loma Linda University Medical Center treated two.[65]

text: The incident is the deadliest mass shooting committed by an individual in the United States, surpassing the death toll of the 2016 Orlando nightclub shooting, where 49 died, excluding the gunman.[54][66][67]

text: Perpetrator

text: Stephen Paddock (April 9, 1953 – October 1, 2017)[68] was a former auditor and real estate businessman,[69] who had been living in a retirement community in Mesquite, Nevada, which is 82 miles from the shooting scene.[70] Paddock was a high-stakes gambler who placed bets at a high enough level to earn valuable comps—free benefits such as rooms and meals. He was a familiar figure to casino hosts in Las Vegas, but was not well known among other high-stakes gamblers because he mostly played video poker.[5] He reportedly kept to himself and was a heavy drinker.[71] Police said he had made casino transactions in the tens of thousands of dollars prior to the shooting, but did not specify whether these transactions were losses or wins.[72] Sheriff Lombardo said Paddock had lost a significant amount of his wealth over the previous two years, which might have been a "determining factor" in the attack, but added that his motive may never truly be understood.[73]

text: Court records show that Paddock was twice divorced. He was single at the time of the shooting. He had no known children.[74] Paddock was the son of Benjamin Paddock, a bank robber who was on the FBI's most-wanted list between 1969 and 1977, whose wanted poster stated that he was "diagnosed as psychopathic" and "reportedly has suicidal tendencies".[75]

text: Police believe Paddock acted alone and have not determined his motive, despite following more than a thousand leads.[50][18][76] His younger brother and others who were in close contact with him described him as having no apparent religious or political affiliation.[74] Police said they had no investigative information or criminal history indicating that he was dangerous. His only recorded interaction with law enforcement was a minor traffic citation that he settled in court years before the shooting.[77][78]

text: Aftermath and reactions

text: Much of Las Vegas Boulevard was closed while police SWAT teams combed the venue and neighboring businesses. McCarran International Airport, adjacent to the shooting site, was shut down for several hours.[79] Approximately 300 people entered the airport property as they fled to safety from the shooting.[42] This prompted officials to shut down all four runways. More than 25 flights were rerouted to ensure that no aircraft would be hit by gunfire,[47] while other flights were canceled before airfield operations resumed at 12:40 a.m. on October 2.[80] At approximately 2:45 p.m. PDT on October 2, a state of emergency was declared in Clark County.[81][82]

text: On the morning after the shooting, lines to donate blood in Las Vegas stretched for blocks. Wait times were as much as six hours or more.[83] Millions of dollars have also been raised to help victims and their families.[84]

text: Nevada Governor Brian Sandoval called the shooting "a tragic and heinous act of violence that has shaken the Nevada family".[85] Jason Aldean, who was singing when the shooting started, posted his condolences on Instagram and noted all of those working with him at the show had survived the attack.[86]

text: At a press conference, President Donald Trump described Paddock as "a very very sick individual", and "a demented man, [with] a lot of problems". He added, "the police department has done such an incredible job, and we'll be talking about gun laws as time goes by".[87][88] A White House official talking points memo, distributed to Trump allies, opposed tightening gun control since "new laws won't stop a mad man", but "will curtail the freedoms of law abiding citizens".[89] On October 2, Trump issued a proclamation to honor the victims and their families.[90][91] On October 4, Trump visited the shooting victims and first responders.[92] On October 7, Vice President Mike Pence participated in a unity prayer walk and ceremony in Las Vegas in honor of the dead.[93]

text: Stock prices of firearms manufacturers rose the day after the shooting, as has happened after similar incidents. Investors expect gun sales will increase over concerns that such an event could lead to more stringent gun-control legislation and a rush of customers wishing to defend themselves against future attacks.[94][95]

text: According to authorities with the Clark County Commissioner, the name "1 October" was declared the official title for investigations into the mass shooting.[96] The future of the Las Vegas Village site remains undetermined.[97]

text: The shooting prompted support in the U.S. Congress for assault weapons legislation that would ban bump fire stocks. The National Rifle Association (NRA) came out in favor of administrative bump fire stock regulations.[54] Many Congressional Democrats and some Republicans expressed their support of a prohibition of bump fire stocks.[98] Senator Dianne Feinstein introduced a Senate bill that gained 39 Democratic co-sponsors. Two bipartisan bills have been introduced in the House of Representatives. As of November, no Congressional action has been taken. House leaders said the issue of bump fire stock regulation should be decided by the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms, which originally approved gun-stocks.[99] On November 6, Massachusetts became the first state to ban the sale, possession, or use of the devices.[100]

text: Nine days after the shooting, eighteen Democratic U.S. Senators introduced a bill, the Keep Americans Safe Act, which, if signed into law, would ban gun magazines that hold more than ten rounds of ammunition.[101]

text: The annual Rock 'n' Roll Las Vegas Marathon took place on November 12 and was the largest event to be held in the city since the shooting. The event received a massive amount of security, which included 350 officers, counter-sniper surveillance posts, and a number of barriers composed of dump trucks, buses, and other large vehicles.[102]

text: Survivors of the shooting have received death threats on social media; they have also been accused of being paid actors.[103]

text: Hoaxes

text: In the hours after the shooting and during the succeeding days, false information and fake news about the shooter's identity and motive went viral on social media:

text:
The website The Gateway Pundit misidentified the shooter when they named a different man and described him as a registered Democrat.[104]
A 4chan thread on which that misinformation of Gateway Pundit had been based had briefly featured in the "Top Stories" section of a Google search for the man's name.[105][106]
The fake news website YourNewsWire spread false information about a second gunman who was shooting from the fourth floor of the hotel.[107]
Two of Facebook's top trending pages were items from Sputnik, a Russian government news agency.[108][109] These included one story that falsely claimed the FBI had linked the shooter to a terrorist group.[110] The stories were later removed with an apology.[111]
Stories linking the shooter to Antifa have also been discredited.[112]
The terrorist group Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIS) claimed that Paddock was their "soldier", and that he had answered Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi's call to attack coalition countries,[113] but an FBI agent said they had found "no connection with an international terrorist group."[114] ISIS provided no evidence for its claim, and terrorism experts noted that since the Mosul liberation in October 2016, ISIS or Amaq News Agency has on at least two other occasions made false claims of responsibility for attacks with which they had no connection.[115][116][117]

text: Google and Facebook were criticized for displaying such false news stories in some of their search results.[111][118][119] The two technology companies were said to have failed in their responsibility of keeping false stories from reaching the public.[120] Facebook later said its algorithms were designed to detect and remove false stories, but failed to work adequately in this instance.[118]

text: In the aftermath of the shooting, some media outlets reported that YouTube search results for information about the shooting returned links to conspiracy videos. YouTube stated that it had tweaked its search algorithm to promote news sources which it considered more authoritative.[121][122]


document_title: State List

question_text: water is in which list of indian constitution

root

text: State List

text:
Part of a series on

Constitution of India

Preamble

Parts[show]
Fundamental Rights
PART
I ∙ II ∙ III ∙ IV ∙ IVA ∙ V ∙ VI ∙ VII
VIII ∙ IX ∙ IXA ∙ IXB ∙ X ∙ XI  ∙ XII ∙ XIII ∙ XIV
XV ∙ XVI ∙ XVIA ∙ XVII ∙ XVIII ∙ XIX ∙ XX ∙ XXI
XXII

Schedules[show]
First ∙ Second ∙ Third ∙ Fourth ∙ Fifth
Sixth ∙ Seventh ∙ Eighth ∙ Ninth
Tenth ∙ Eleventh ∙ Twelfth

Appendices[show]
I ∙ II ∙ III ∙ IV ∙ V

Amendments[show]
List ∙ 1 ∙ 2 ∙ 3 ∙ 4 ∙ 5 ∙ 6 ∙ 7 ∙ 8 ∙ 9 ∙ 10 ∙ 11 ∙ 12 ∙ 13 ∙ 14 ∙ 15 ∙ 16 ∙ 17 ∙ 18 ∙ 19 ∙ 20 ∙ 21 ∙ 22 ∙ 23 ∙ 24 ∙ 25 ∙ 26 ∙ 27 ∙ 28 ∙ 29 ∙ 30 ∙ 31 ∙ 32 ∙ 33 ∙ 34 ∙ 35 ∙ 36 ∙ 37 ∙ 38 ∙ 39 ∙ 40 ∙ 41 ∙ 42 ∙ 43 ∙ 44 ∙ 45 ∙ 46 ∙ 47 ∙ 48 ∙ 49 ∙ 50 ∙ 51 ∙ 52 ∙ 53 ∙ 54 ∙ 55 ∙ 56 ∙ 57 ∙ 58 ∙ 59 ∙ 60 ∙ 61 ∙ 62 ∙ 63 ∙ 64 ∙ 65 ∙ 66 ∙ 67 ∙ 68 ∙ 69 ∙ 70 ∙ 71 ∙ 72 ∙ 73 ∙ 74 ∙ 75 ∙ 76 ∙ 77 ∙ 78 ∙ 79 ∙ 80 ∙ 81 ∙ 82 ∙ 83 ∙ 84 ∙ 85 ∙ 86 ∙ 87 ∙ 88 ∙ 89 ∙ 90 ∙ 91 ∙ 92 ∙ 93 ∙ 94 ∙ 95 ∙ 96 ∙ 97 ∙ 98 ∙ 99 ∙ 100 ∙ 101

Related topics[show]

Union List
State List
Concurrent List
Basic structure doctrine
Uniform civil code

v
t
e

tag: table

text: The State List or List-II is a list of 61 items (Initially there were 66 items in the list) in Schedule Seven to the Constitution of India. The legislative section is divided into three lists: Union List, State List and Concurrent List. Unlike the federal governments of the United States, Switzerland or Australia, residual powers remain with the Union Government, as with the Canadian federal government.[1]

tag: p

text: If any provision of a law made by the Legislature of a State is repugnant to any provision of a law made by Parliament which Parliament is competent to enact, or to any provision of an existing law with respect to one of the matters enumerated in the Concurrent List, then, the law made by Parliament, whether passed before or after the law made by the Legislature of such State, or, as the case may be, the existing law, shall prevail and the law made by the Legislature of the State shall, to the extent of the repugnancy, be void. There is an exception to this in cases "where a law made by the Legislature of a State with respect to one of the matters enumerated in the Concurrent List contains any provision repugnant to the provisions of an earlier law made by Parliament or an existing law with respect to that matter, then, the law so made by the Legislature of such State shall, if it has been reserved for the consideration of the President and has received his assent, prevail in that State. Provided that nothing in this clause shall prevent Parliament from enacting at any time any law with respect to the same matter including a law adding to, amending, varying or repealing the law so made by the Legislature of the State."[2]

text: Items on the list[edit]

text: The 61 items currently on the list are:[3][4][5]

text:
Public order (but not including the use of any naval, military or air force or any other armed force of the Union or of any other force subject to the control of the Union or of any contingent or unit thereof in aid of the civil power).
Police (including railway and village police) subject to the provisions of Entry 2-A of List-I.
Officers and servants of the High Court; procedure in rent and revenue courts; fees taken in all courts except the Supreme Court.
Prisons, reformatories, Borstal institutions and other institutions of a like nature and persons detained therein; arrangements with other States for the use of prisons and other institutions.
Local government, that is to say, the constitution and powers of municipal corporations, improvement trusts, district boards, mining settlement authorities and other local authorities for the purpose of local self-government or village administration.
Public health and sanitation; hospitals and dispensaries.
Pilgrimages, other than pilgrimages to places outside India.
Intoxicating liquors, that is to say, the production, manufacture, transport, purchase and sale of intoxicating liquors.
Relief for the disabled and unemployable.
Burials and burial grounds; cremations and cremation grounds.
Education including universities, subject to the provisions of entries 63, 64, 65 and 66 of List I and entry 25 of List III.<
Libraries, museums and other similar institutions controlled or financed by the State; ancient and historical monuments and records other than those declared by or under law made by Parliament to be of national importance.
Communications, that is to say, roads, bridges, ferries, and other means of communication not specified in List I; municipal tramways, ropeways, inland waterways and traffic thereon subject to the provisions of List I and List III with regard to such water-ways; vehicles other than mechanically propelled vehicles.
Agriculture, including agricultural education and research; protection against pests and prevention of plant diseases.
Preservation, protection and improvement of stock and prevention of animal diseases; veterinary training and practice.
Ponds and the prevention of cattle trespass.
Water, that is to say, water supplies, irrigation and canals, drainage and embankments, water storage and water power subject to the provisions of Entry 56 of List I.
Land, that is to say, rights in or over land, land tenures including the relation of landlord and tenant, and the collection of rents; transfer and alienation of agricultural land; land improvement and agricultural loans; colonization.
Forests.
Protection of wild animals and birds.
Fisheries.
Courts of wards; subject to the provisions of Entry 34 of List I; encumbered and attached estates.
Regulation of mines and mineral development subject to the provisions of List I with respect to regulation and development under the control of the Union.
Industries subject to the provisions of Entries 7 and 52 of List I.
Gas and gas-works.
Trade and commerce within the State subject to the provisions of Entry 33 of List III.
Production, supply and distribution of goods subject to the provisions of Entry 33 of List III.
Markets and fairs.
Weights and measures except establishment of standards.
Money-lending and money-lenders; relief of agricultural indebtedness.
Inns and inn-keepers.
Incorporation, regulation and winding up of corporations, other than those specified in List I, and universities; unincorporated trading, literary, scientific, religious and other societies and associations; co-operative societies.
Theatres and dramatic performances; cinemas subject to the provisions of Entry 60 of List I; sports, entertainments and amusements.
Betting and gambling.
Works, lands and buildings vested in or in the possession of the State.
Acquisition or requisitioning of property, except for the purposes of the Union, subject to the provisions of entry 42 of List III.
Elections to the Legislature of the State subject to the provisions of any law made by Parliament.
Salaries and allowances of members of the legislature of the State, of the Speaker and Deputy Speaker of the Legislative Assembly and, if there is a Legislative Council, of the Chairman and Deputy Chairman thereof.
Powers, privileges and immunities of the Legislative Assembly and of the members and the committees thereof and, if there is a Legislative Council, of that Council and of the members and the committees thereof; enforcement of attendance of persons for giving evidence or producing documents before committees of the Legislature of the State.
Salaries and allowances of Ministers for the State.
State public services; State Public Service Commission.
State pensions, that is to say, pensions payable by the State or out of the Consolidated Fund of the State.
Public debt of the State.
Treasure trove.
Land revenue, including the assessment and collection of revenue, the maintenance of land records, survey for revenue purposes and records of rights, and alienation of revenues.
Taxes on agricultural income.
Duties in respect of succession to agricultural land.
Estate duty in respect of agricultural land.
Taxes on lands and buildings.
Taxes on mineral rights subject to any limitations imposed by Parliament by law relating to mineral development.
Duties of excise on the following goods manufactured or produced in the State and countervailing duties at the same or lower rates on similar goods manufactured or produced elsewhere in India -

(a) alcoholic liquors for human consumption
(b) opium, Indian hemp and other narcotic drugs and narcotics

but not including medicinal and toilet preparations containing alcohol or any substance included in sub-paragraph (b) of this entry.

tag: ol

text:
Taxes on the consumption or sale of electricity.
Taxes on the sale of petroleum crude, high speed diesel, motor spirit (commonly known as petrol), natural gas, aviation turbine fuel and alcoholic liquor for human consumption, but not including sale in the course of inter-State trade or commerce or sale in the course of international trade or commerce of such goods
Taxes on goods and passengers carried by road or on inland waterways.
Taxes on vehicles, whether mechanically propelled or not, suitable for use on roads, including tram-cars subject to the provisions of Entry 35 of List III [Concurrent list].
Taxes on animals and boats.
Tolls.
Taxes on professions, trades, callings and employments.
Capitation taxes.
Taxes on luxuries, including taxes on entertainments, amusements, betting and gambling.
Taxes on entertainments and amusements to the extent levied and collected by a Panchayat or a Municipality or a Regional Council or a District Council.
Offences against laws with respect to any of the matters in this list.
Jurisdiction and powers of all courts, except the Supreme Court, with respect to any of the matters in this list.
Fees in respect of any of the matters in this list, but not including fees taken in any court.


document_title: Mom (TV series)

question_text: who plays the daughter on the show mom

question_tokens: who plays the daughter on the show mom

text: Mom (TV series)

text: Synopsis[edit]

text: Mom follows Christy Plunkett (Anna Faris), a single mother who, after dealing with her battle with alcoholism and drug abuse, decides to restart her life in Napa, California, working as a waitress and attending Alcoholics Anonymous meetings. Her mother Bonnie Plunkett (Allison Janney) is also a recovering drug and alcohol addict. Christy's daughter, Violet (Sadie Calvano), who was born when Christy was 16, has also become a teen mother by her boyfriend, Luke (Spencer Daniels). Christy also has a young son, Roscoe (Blake Garrett Rosenthal) by her ex-husband, Baxter (Matt L. Jones), a deadbeat but likable pothead. As the show progresses, it adds themes of real-life issues such as alcoholism, teen pregnancy, cancer, homelessness, gambling addiction, domestic violence, death, obesity, rape, stroke, drug addiction, relapse and overdose.

text: Cast and characters[edit]

text: Main[edit]

text:
Anna Faris as Christy Jolene Plunkett: a single mother who has gone four years without drinking and is still struggling with addiction and gambling. Now sober, she strives to be a good example to her son Roscoe, and regain the trust of her daughter Violet, who is revealed to be pregnant herself in the first episode. In addition, she is trying to iron out the rough edges in her relationship with her mother Bonnie, who never learned to play her role well and who would rather go out and drink than baby-sit. Christy later finds out that her biological father ran out on Bonnie on Christmas Eve, the day before Christy was born, and locates the man as a now-married father of two sons who runs an auto repair shop.
Allison Janney as Bonnie Plunkett: Christy's mother, a joyful if cynical recovering addict who is now grateful with life. She tries desperately to regain the love and trust of her daughter, whom she was unable to properly nurture as a child. In her teen time Bonnie started drinking at 15 years old. She was in the foster care system being ricocheted around from house to house when she kept running off with Alvin, she ended up plainly pregnant and had Christy however he abandoned them at the hospital and Bonnie nearly put Christy up for adoption. A pleasant Jewish couple was going to adopt her, yet Bonnie pulled out finally. From that point on, she attempted her best to raise Christy, however Christy wound up raising herself as Bonnie took tranquilizes and got back home late. A single mother, she preferred to party and drink rather than stay home. With time and much therapy, Bonnie managed to find the balance and now wants to catch up, revealing to Christy her past, including who her real father is and how to find him, as well as her past side career as a drug dealer.
Sadie Calvano as Violet Plunkett (main cast seasons 1–3; recurring season 4): Christy's daughter and older half-sister of Roscoe. A senior in high school at the beginning of the series, Violet is hardworking, smart and sure of herself, though upset with her mother, who never had time to take care of her children and failed to fulfill a true motherly role despite now being sober for some time. After having her boyfriend Luke's baby, Violet made the decision to place her baby for adoption because she felt that this was the best way to break her family's repeated cycle of poor life choices and give her child a better chance than she, her mother, or her grandmother ever had. During season 2, in a brief downward spiral of bad behavior, Violet cheats on Luke and he breaks up with her. She later gets engaged to Gregory Munchnik, a psychology professor at her university, but he breaks the engagement after she relapses - she has since been behaving in a gold digger-esque manner with other men. She got back together with Luke in Season 4.
Nate Corddry as Gabriel (main cast seasons 1–2): the manager of the restaurant where Christy works. Married to a domineering woman who scares him somewhat, Gabriel and Christy are carrying on an affair which Christy later ends but which Gabriel himself frequently and desperately tries to renew: they briefly resume their affair in season 2 when Christy is promoted as his replacement. He is a hardworking, competent manager, but often put in his place by his subordinates, particularly Chef Rudy.
Matt L. Jones as Baxter (main cast seasons 1–3; recurring season 4; guest season 5): Christy's ex-husband and the father of Roscoe. Sweet and charming, but very unstable, he is unable to maintain a serious relationship or steady work for much longer than a month. Loves easy life and frequently gets into fraudulent deals to make money. Despite his flaws, he is a loving father who usually comes through for his son. During season 2, under the influence of his wealthy new girlfriend Candace, Baxter gives up his slacker ways and becomes a car salesman.
French Stewart as Chef Rudy (main cast seasons 1–2; guest season 3): the head chef for the restaurant where Christy works as a waitress. A dominant and difficult self-made man, Rudy acts superior in his relationships with others. He is boastful and arrogant, often yelling at his subordinates without mincing words and will not hesitate to humiliate anyone who opposes him. He is secretive about his past and distant from people, but briefly dates Bonnie at one point: during this time, he is revealed to be a (bi)sexual fetishist with expensive tastes and hobbies who enjoys stealing food from the restaurant.
Spencer Daniels as Luke (main cast seasons 1; recurring season 2; guest season 4): a young student who loves to enjoy life and adventure. He had been dating Violet for a little over a year and got her pregnant. Luke is considerably airheaded, smoking marijuana often, but always tries to prove to Christy that he is not as crazy as he appears: he seems to genuinely love Violet, staying beside her and supporting her throughout her pregnancy, and he is often more sensitive towards Christy than her own children are, perhaps because his parents are religious fundamentalists with whom he does not connect. In season 2, Violet, during her downward spiral, cheated on Luke and he broke up with Violet. By season 4, Luke has apparently cleaned himself up and got a high-paying job with a video game company, driving Violet to get back together with him.
Blake Garrett Rosenthal as Roscoe Plunkett (main cast seasons 1–3; recurring season 4): Christy's son by Baxter and half-brother of Violet. He eventually goes to live with his father and his father's fiancé. He experimented with marijuana at age twelve.
Mimi Kennedy as Marjorie Armstrong-Perugian (recurring season 1, main cast season 2–present):[7] Christy's and Bonnie's AA sponsor. She had problems with alcohol and drugs in the past and is a breast cancer survivor. Through Christy she meets Victor Perugian, Christy's former landlord, who she eventually weds.
Jaime Pressly as Jill Kendall (recurring season 2, main cast season 3–present):[8] An AA member who Christy sponsors, Jill is a wealthy divorced socialite who is prone to relapses.
Beth Hall as Wendy Harris (recurring season 2, main cast season 3–present):[9] A member of the AA group. She is a registered nurse and a member of Mensa.
William Fichtner as Adam Janikowski (recurring season 3, main cast season 4–present):[10] Bonnie's latest love interest and later fiancé, a wheelchair-bound former stuntman whom she met over the phone after he dialed the wrong number.

tag: ul

text: Recurring[edit]

text:
Octavia Spencer as Regina Tompkins (seasons 1–3): A fellow AA member and money manager who embezzled from her clients and is now facing a prison sentence. While a close if questionable friend to Christy, Regina and Bonnie typically hold each other in contempt, but beneath the surface they bear some affection for each other. In the middle of season 2, she is given early parole and becomes a born-again Christian, eventually moving in with Jill. Regina drifts apart from her friends after she decides she is no longer an alcoholic, essentially choosing wine over her friends, and struggles alone with the dissonance after moving into her own apartment and out of Jill's mansion.
Kevin Pollak as Alvin Lester Biletnikoff (seasons 1–2): Christy's father and Bonnie's ex-boyfriend who abandoned them when Christy was born. When Christy found Alvin he was married with two sons; despite that he loves Christy and does what he can to be in her life and help out, including fixing up a used car to give her and attempting to reach out to her children as a grandparent. He and Bonnie initially treated each other with contempt and hatred over the various mistakes each of them has made in their past, but they rekindled their relationship after his wife left him and he survived a heart attack. In season 2, Alvin suffers a fatal, second heart attack while in bed with Bonnie, and dies.
Courtney Henggeler as Claudia (seasons 1–3): Gabriel's wealthy and snobbish ex-wife, who has taken over the restaurant from him and briefly appointed Christy as manager.
Reggie de Leon as Paul (seasons 1–3): Chef Rudy's silent and often submissive sous-chef.
Mary Pat Gleason as Mary (season 1–present): A fellow AA member who is frequently interrupted by Bonnie when she shares her problems with the group.
Don McManus as Steve Casper (seasons 1–4): A fellow AA member, Steve is a competent but creepy lawyer and occasionally aids Christy, who becomes his intern and trainee in season 2. He has a casual sex relationship with Bonnie in season 3.
Sara Rue as Candace Hayes (seasons 2–4): Baxter's wealthy new wife, under whose influence he has reformed. She delivers many subtle jabs at Christy's poverty and seems to be trying to force Christy aside to replace her as Roscoe's mother. The hostility becomes much more obvious in season 3, when Candace's wealthy father Fred (Harry Hamlin), starts dating Christy and Candace accuses Christy of only being with him for his money.
Jonny Coyne as Victor Perugian (season 2–present): Christy's Armenian former landlord who becomes attracted to Marjorie, marrying her in season 3. In season 5, he suffered a stroke.
Amy Hill as Beverly Tarantino (season 2–present): A tenant in the apartment building where Christy and Bonnie live; she dislikes Bonnie and is always trying to get her fired from the manager position.
Charlie Robinson as Mr. Munson (season 2–present): A blind tenant in the apartment building where Christy and Bonnie live.
David Krumholtz as Gregory Munchnik (seasons 2–3): Violet's older ex-fiancé, a psychology professor at the college she attends.
Emily Osment as Jodi Hubbard (season 3): A young drug addict whom Christy and Bonnie try to help get sober. She later dies from a drug overdose.
Lauri Johnson as Beatrice (seasons 3–present): A waitress who works at the diner where the AA members usually go.
Leonard Roberts as Ray Stabler (season 4–present): Bonnie's half-brother who is a successful lawyer.
Julia Lester as Emily (seasons 4–5): Jill's teenage foster daughter.
Missi Pyle as Natasha (seasons 4–5): Emily's biological mother, an alcoholic whom Christy helps get sober and get custody of her daughter back.
Steven Weber as Patrick Janikowski (season 5): Adam's brother and Christy's love interest.

text: Notable guests[edit]

text:
Jon Cryer as Himself (S01E01): A customer at the Rustic Fig.
Justin Long as Adam Henchy (S01E03, S01E06 and S01E08): Christy's love interest.
Ed Asner as Jack (S02E05): A tenant in the apartment building where Bonnie and Christy resides.
Beverly D'Angelo as Lorraine Biletnikoff (S02E09, S02E11 and S02E12): Alvin's ex-wife, who hates Christy and Bonnie.
Ellen Burstyn as Shirley Stabler (S03E01): Bonnie's biological mother, who put her in foster care when she was very young.
June Squibb as Dottie (S03E01): A woman whom Christy thinks might be the ideal grandmother.
Judy Greer as Michelle (S03E03): A sloppy drunk that Christy and Bonnie meet in a bar and try to help get sober.
Linda Lavin as Phyllis Munchnik (S03E07 and S03E21): Gregory's mother and Violet's would-be mother-in-law.
Harry Hamlin as Fred Hayes (S03E08 and S03E09): Candace's father and Christy's love interest.
Rosie O'Donnell as Jeanine (S03E10 and S04E02): An ex-girlfriend of Bonnie who she and Christy lived with: she and Christy maintain an aunt-niece relationship.
Joe Manganiello as Julian (S03E11): A newcomer to Alcoholics Anonymous who Christy takes under her wing.
Rhea Perlman as Anya Perugian (S03E12): Marjorie's armenian sister-in-law and Victor's sister.
Richard Schiff as Robert (S03E20): Bonnie's Communications Director in a White House dream that she had.
Bradley Whitford as Mitch (S04E09): Adam's friend who is a Hollywood director with a fondness for alcohol.
Chris Pratt as Nick Banaszak (S04E11): a charming horseback riding instructor whom Christy decides to pursue, despite the fact he’s the nephew of Marjorie, who declared him off-limits. He is later revealed to share traits with John Steinbeck's character Lennie Small.
Wendie Malick as Danielle Janikowski (S04E15 and S04E16): Adam's ex-wife whose friendly relationship with him confounds Bonnie.
Kristin Chenoweth as Miranda (S05E14): Jill's spiritual advisor who met her at the latter's weight loss retreat.[11]

text: Episodes[edit]

text:
Season
Episodes
Originally aired
Nielsen ratings

First aired
Last aired
Rank
Viewers
(in millions)

1
22
September 23, 2013 (2013-09-23)
April 14, 2014 (2014-04-14)
42
8.34[12]

2
22
October 30, 2014 (2014-10-30)
April 30, 2015 (2015-04-30)
26
11.79[13]

3
22
November 5, 2015 (2015-11-05)
May 19, 2016 (2016-05-19)
40
9.64[14]

4
22
October 27, 2016 (2016-10-27)
May 11, 2017 (2017-05-11)
29
9.43[15]

5
TBA
November 2, 2017 (2017-11-02)
TBA
TBA
TBA

text: Production[edit]

text: Development[edit]

text: Mom was one of the many projects that became a priority for CBS and Warner Bros when it was pitched in December 2012, in part due to Lorre's new four-year deal with Warner the previous September.[16] It was green-lit by CBS for a series order pickup on May 9, 2013.[17] This pickup also gives Lorre the distinction of having four sitcoms airing on one network starting in the 2013–14 season. The following week, the network announced that it would place the sitcom in the Monday night 9:30 pm (ET/PT) time slot following 2 Broke Girls.[18] However, after the cancelation of We Are Men, 2 Broke Girls was moved into the show's 8:30 pm slot, with repeats of The Big Bang Theory occupying the 9 pm lead-in time slot to Mom until the season debut of Mike & Molly on November 4, 2013. The show received a full first season order for 22 episodes on October 18, 2013.[19]

text: On March 13, 2014, CBS announced the second season renewal of Mom.[20] The series moved from Mondays at 9:30 PM to Thursdays at 8:30 PM for the first fourteen episodes until the series moved to Thursdays at 9:30 PM following The Odd Couple series premiere and the series finale of Two and a Half Men.[21][22]

text: By season three, the focus became more about Christy and Bonnie and their group from AA, while the restaurant set, the kids and Baxter roles were reduced significantly.

text: Casting[edit]

text: The series gives Faris, who had guest-starred in various television programs between her film projects and been sought after for other television projects (including a failed pilot called Blue Skies that was being produced for NBC), her first full-time television role, as she landed the part of the lead character, Christy, in January 2013.[23] On January 28, 2013, Janney was next to come aboard the project, playing Christy's mother.[24] Matt Jones and Spencer Daniels were added to the cast in February 2013, with Jones playing Christy's ex-husband, Baxter, and Daniels taking the role of Luke, the boyfriend of Christy's daughter, Violet.[25]

text: Reception[edit]

text: Ratings[edit]

text:
Season
Time slot (ET)
Episodes
Premiered
Ended
TV season
Rank
Viewers
(million)

Date
Viewers
(million)
Date
Viewers
(million)

1
Monday 9:30 pm
22
September 23, 2013
7.99[26]
April 14, 2014
6.86[27]
2013–14
42nd
8.34[28]

2
Thursday 8:30, 9:30, or 9:00 pm
22
October 30, 2014
11.13[29]
April 30, 2015
8.78[30]
2014–15
26th
11.79[13]

3
Thursday 9:00 pm
22
November 5, 2015
7.28[31]
May 19, 2016
8.14[32]
2015–16
40th
9.64[14]

4
22
October 27, 2016
7.02[33]
May 11, 2017
8.12[34]
2016–17
29th
9.43[15]

5

November 2, 2017
8.46[35]

2017–18

text: Critical reception[edit]

text: Mom has been met with consistently positive reviews, with much praise going towards it's writing and performances of its cast, especially that of Allison Janney. The show received a Metacritic score of 65 out of 100 in its first season, based on reviews by 25 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews".[36] On Rotten Tomatoes, the first season was given a 67% approval rating based on 36 reviews and an average rating of 5.7 out of 10. The site's critical consensus states: "Anna Faris and Allison Janney share an undeniable comedic chemistry, and if the jokes are sometimes too crass, Mom represents a sincere (and often witty) attempt to address addiction issues."[37] Boston Herald critic, Mark A. Perigard gave a positive review, writing "This is dark material, yet Faris balances it with a genuine winsomeness, able to wring laughs out of the most innocuous lines." New York Magazine critic Matt Zoller Seitz praised the cast, calling it "just about perfect".

text: The second season was met with even more positive reviews. The show received a Metacritic score of 81 out of 100, indicating "universal acclaim".[38] On Rotten Tomatoes, it holds an approval rating of 100% based on 6 reviews and an average score of 8.5 out of 10.[39]

text: The third season was also met with positive reviews from critics, receiving a Metacritic score of 82 out of 100, indicating "universal acclaim".[40]

text: Accolades[edit]

text:
Awards

Year
Award
Category
Recipients and nominees
Result

2014
People's Choice Award
Favorite New TV Comedy
Nominated

Favorite Actress in a New TV Series
Anna Faris
Nominated

Favorite Actress in a New TV Series
Allison Janney
Nominated

Critics' Choice Television Award
Best Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series
Won

Best Guest Performer in a Comedy Series
Mimi Kennedy
Nominated

Primetime Emmy Award
Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series
Allison Janney
Won

2015
People's Choice Award
Favorite Network TV Comedy
Nominated

72nd Golden Globe Awards[41]
Best Supporting Actress – Series, Miniseries or Television Film
Allison Janney
Nominated

Prism Awards
Performance in a Comedy Series
Anna Faris
Nominated

Allison Janney
Won

Comedy Series Episode or Multi-Episode Storyline
Nominated

Critics' Choice Television Award
Best Comedy Series
Nominated

Best Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series
Allison Janney
Won

Primetime Emmy Awards
Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series
Won

2016
People's Choice Award
Favorite Network TV Comedy
Nominated

Favorite Comedic TV Actress
Anna Faris
Nominated

Critics' Choice Television Award
Best Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series
Allison Janney
Nominated

Best Guest Performer in a Comedy Series
Ellen Burstyn
Nominated

Art Directors Guild Awards
Excellence in Production Design in a Multi-Camera Series
John Shaffner
Nominated

Primetime Emmy Awards
Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series
Allison Janney
Nominated

Outstanding Cinematography for a Multi-Camera Series
Steven V. Silver
Nominated

Outstanding Multi-Camera Picture Editing for a Comedy Series
Ben Bosse & Joseph Bella
Nominated

2017
People's Choice Award
Favorite Comedic TV Actress
Anna Faris
Nominated

Primetime Emmy Awards
Outstanding Lead Actress in a Comedy Series
Allison Janney
Nominated

Outstanding Multi-Camera Picture Editing for a Comedy Series
Joseph Bella
Nominated

text: Broadcast[edit]

text: In Australia, Mom debuted on Nine Network on April 9, 2014.[42] In Canada, City airs the series simultaneously.[43][44] In Greece, Star Channel debut the series on 25 of October 2014.[45] In the United Kingdom, ITV2 debuted the show on January 20, 2014,[46] with season two debuting on March 2, 2015.[47] In India, Comedy Central has been broadcasting the series through 2015. In 2017, TV Land, FXX, CMT, and local broadcasting stations began airing past episodes.


document_title: J. Wellington Wimpy

question_text: who says i'll gladly pay you tuesday for a hamburger today

question_tokens: who says i 'll gladly pay you tuesday for a hamburger today

text: J. Wellington Wimpy

text: Inspiration[edit]

text: The character seems to have been inspired by more than one person whom Segar had encountered. Wimpy's personality was based upon that of William Schuchert, the manager of the Chester Opera House where Segar was first employed. "Windy Bill," as he was known, was a pleasant, friendly man, fond of tall tales and hamburgers.[2]

text: Additional sources suggest that Segar composed the character's name from the names of two other acquaintances. According to fellow cartoonist Bill Mauldin, the name was suggested by that of Wellington J. Reynolds, one of Segar's instructors at the Chicago Art Institute.[3] In a brief 1935 interview in The Daily Oklahoman, H. Hillard Wimpee of Atlanta indicated that he was connected to the character, having worked with Segar at the Chicago Herald-Examiner in 1917. It became a custom in the office that whoever accepted an invitation for a hamburger would pay the bill. According to Wimpee, after seeing the character in the newspaper, he wrote Segar in 1922 about Wimpy, "afraid of being connected with what [Segar] was doing with [the character]." He said Segar replied, "'You haven't seen anything yet.'"[4]

text: Character[edit]

text: Wimpy is Popeye's friend. In the cartoons, he mainly plays the role of the "straight man" to Popeye's outbursts and wild antics. Wimpy is soft-spoken, very intelligent, and well educated, but also cowardly, very lazy, overly parsimonious and utterly gluttonous. He is also something of a scam artist and, especially in the newspaper strip, can be underhanded.

text: Hamburgers are Wimpy's all-time favorite food, and he is usually seen carrying or eating one or more at a time – e.g., in Popeye the Sailor Meets Sindbad the Sailor he is seen grinding meat or eating burgers almost the entire time – however, he is usually too cheap to pay for them himself. A recurring joke involves Wimpy's attempts to con other patrons of the diner into buying his meal for him. His best-known catchphrase started in 1931 as, "Cook me up a hamburger. I'll pay you Thursday." In 1932, this then became the famous, "I'll gladly pay you Tuesday for a hamburger today."[5] The phrase was also slightly altered in the episode "Spree Lunch" to "I'll have a hamburger, for which I will gladly pay you Tuesday." This phrase is now commonly used to illustrate financial irresponsibility[6][7][8] and still appears in modern comedies such as The Drew Carey Show and The Office. The initial part of the phrase was even the title of Episode 6 of the fourth season of Cheers "I'll Gladly Pay You Tuesday."

text: In Robert Altman's 1980 live-action musical film Popeye, where Wimpy was played by veteran character actor Paul Dooley, one of Harry Nilsson's original songs, "Everything Is Food," featured Dooley singing the catch-phrase, as he took a hamburger, as "I would gladly pay you Tuesday for a hamburger today." The response from the chorus, as they reclaimed the same hamburger from him, uneaten, was "He would gladly pay you Tuesday for a hamburger today." Later in the film, a sign in a restaurant reads "Positively NO CREDIT. This means YOU, Wimpy."[citation needed]

text: Wimpy had other frequently used lines in the original comic strip. On some occasions, Wimpy tries to placate someone by saying, "I'd like to invite you over to my house for a duck dinner." He then moves away quickly to a safe distance and yells, "You bring the ducks!" Another such line was, "Jones is my name...I'm one of the Jones boys" – an attempt to defuse a hostile situation with a mistaken identity. To deflect an enemy's wrath, he would sometimes indicate a third party and say, "Let's you and him fight", starting a brawl from which he quickly withdrew.

text: In popular culture[edit]

text:
During World War II, "Wimpy", in reference to the character, was the nickname given to the Vickers Wellington bomber.
Wimpy is also the namesake of the large chain of Wimpy hamburger restaurants which was founded in Chicago in the 1930s and opened in the UK in 1954; it has maintained operations overseas since 1967. Their UK website states, "The name Wimpy is believed to have come from Popeye's friend J Wellington Wimpy who loved hamburgers as much as Popeye loved spinach."[9]
Wimpy can also be found as the mascot for "Wimpy's Seafood Restaurant and Market" in Osterville, MA on Cape Cod. (Established 1938)[10]
Wimpy made a cameo appearance (as an in-gag to both his facial features; in the context of beef related heart disease and affinity for hamburgers) in the Family Guy episode "McStroke".
Wimpy has appeared in two episodes of the Adult Swim animated series Robot Chicken, often using his "I'll gladly pay you Tuesday" line to buy hamburgers. Often it fails. Voiced by Scott Adsit.
In the Good Eats second season episode "Daily Grind" (aka "A Grind is a Terrible Thing to Waste"), Alton Brown prepares the "perfect burger" (as well as meatloaf & meatballs) for a character named "J. Wellington Whimpy" (misspelled, but looking mostly like the version of Wimpy played by Paul Dooley in the Popeye film) played by then cast regular Steve Rooney.[11]
In the final Pooch the Pup cartoon called She Done Him Right, a dog character looking like Wimpy is seen playing a slot machine.[12]
Wimpy's famous catchphrase gives the name to the hamburger review website A Hamburger Today.[13]
Wimpy is also the focus of an animated Bank of America commercial in which he uses a new smartphone app to finally pay for the food he mooched from his friends.[14]
Season 4 Episode 6 of Cheers is named "I'll Gladly Pay You Tuesday".
In the hit video game World of Warcraft, an NPC can be heard repeating "I'll gladly pay you Tuesday for a hamburger today" in the city of Stormwind.


document_title: Worst Cooks in America

question_text: who won worst cooks in america season 3

question_tokens: who won worst cooks in america season 3

text: Worst Cooks in America

text: History[edit]

text: The show premiered on January 3, 2010. The show was initially hosted by chef Anne Burrell and chef Beau MacMillan in Season 1. MacMillan was replaced by chef Robert Irvine on Season 2, followed by chef Bobby Flay for Seasons 3–5. On November 20, 2014, a Food Network press release announced that chef Tyler Florence will be paired with chef Burrell to host Season 6, to debut on January 4, 2015. Burrell was the winning instructor in seasons 1, 2, 3, 6, 7 and 8 with Flay winning in Seasons 4–5. Rachael Ray and Burrell hosted the Season 7 special celebrity edition, which premiered September 23, 2015. During the finale of Season 7, a trailer previewing Season 8 was shown and was aired in January 2016 with the return of Tyler Florence.

text: Season 1: 2010[edit]

text: Chefs Beau MacMillan and Anne Burrell lead an intense culinary boot camp. They have six recruits each, and every week they must eliminate one recruit from each of their teams until there is only one from each team left. The final two create a three-course meal to fool a panel of restaurant critics into believing that the meal was created by the acclaimed chefs.

text: Recruits[edit]

text: Twelve chefs competed in the first season of Worst Cooks in America. Hometowns and occupations are available from the Food Network website.[3][4] Chef Anne's team was known as the Red Team and Chef Beau's team was known as the Blue Team.

text:
Contestant
Age
Hometown
Occupation
Status

Rachel Coleman
23
Brooklyn, New York
Marketing Website editor
Winner February 1

Jennifer "Jenny" Cross
21
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Waitress
Runner-up February 1

Jennifer "Jen" Vecchio
38
Cumberland, Rhode Island
Dance Studio Owner
Eliminated January 31

Eddie Chang
32
Jersey City, New Jersey
IT project manager

Marque Hernandez
41
Brea, California
Director of Clinical Operations
Eliminated January 24

Rebecca Hooper
43
Sandy, Utah
Salon Owner

Sophia Gettys
27
Aurora, Colorado
Stay-at-home Mom
Eliminated January 17

Susie Shoman
53
Georgetown, South Carolina
Grants administrator and entrepreneur

Kelly Johnson
31
Scottsdale, Arizona
Corporate litigation attorney
Eliminated January 10

David Summey
29
Charlotte, North Carolina
Salesman

Wilhelmina Josephine
29
Aliso Viejo, California
Insurance claims adjuster
Eliminated January 3

Hamed Hamad
24
North Hollywood, California
Journalist and fashion consultant

text: Contestant progress[edit]

text:
Rank
Contestant
Episode

1
2
3
4
5
6

1

Rachel

IN
IN
IN
IN
WIN
BTM
WIN
WINNER

2

Jenny*

IN
IN
IN
WIN
IN
BTM
WIN
RUNNER-UP

3

Jen

IN
IN
WIN
IN
WIN
WIN
OUT

4

Eddie

BTM
WIN
BTM
BTM
IN
WIN
OUT

5

Marque

WIN
WIN
BTM
BTM
IN
OUT

6

Rebecca

WIN
BTM
IN
WIN
IN
OUT

7

Sophia*

IN
IN
IN
OUT

8

Susie

IN
BTM
IN
OUT

9

Kelly

IN
OUT

10

David

BTM
OUT

11

Wilhelmina

OUT

12

Hamed

OUT

text: Season 2: 2011[edit]

text: Casting for season 2 of Worst Cooks in America was held at the LA Marriott Burbank Airport, Hotel & Convention Center on March 27, 2010.[5] The Food Network also began accepting online video applications for season 2.[6] Food Network's website announced that Robert Irvine would replace Beau MacMillan for season 2. Season 2 debuted on January 2, 2011.[7] In this season the chefs had eight recruits each.

text: Recruits[edit]

text:
Contestant
Age
Hometown
Occupation
Status

Joshie Berger
36
Brooklyn, New York
Attorney
Winner February 20

Georgann "Georg" Coleman
38
Chicago, Illinois
Speech pathologist
Runner-up February 20

Carlos Manuel
28
Atlanta, Georgia
Banker
Eliminated February 13

Kelsey Milos
22
Kings, Illinois
Hair stylist

Kat Rose
37
Newnan, Georgia
Stay-at-home mother
Eliminated February 6

Tyrone "Ty" Miller
33
Trenton, New Jersey
Property manager

Jennifer "Jen" MacLean
43
Sparta, New Jersey
Operating room nurse
Eliminated January 30

Kelly Gray
32
New York, New York
Aerobics instructor

Erika Rumsey
27
Elgin, Illinois
Account manager
Eliminated January 23

Anna Altomari
44
Aliso Viejo, California
RN Case manager

Priscilla Harden
60
Sugar Land, Texas
Retired teacher
Eliminated January 16

Matt Crespi
24
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
PhD Student

Anthony Scinto
32
Crestwood, Illinois
Mechanical engineer
Eliminated January 9

Jeff Longcor
25
Somerville, Massachusetts
Environmental contractor

Lina Yu
28
Arcadia, California
Production manager
Eliminated January 2

Eric Ricupero
34
Quincy, Massachusetts
Bar owner

text: Contestant progress[edit]

text:
Episode

Rank
Contestant
1
2
3
4
5
6
7

1

Joshie

IN
IN
IN
WIN
WIN
9th
IN
IN
BTM
BTM
IN
WINNER

2

Georg

IN
WIN
IN
IN
IN
WIN
IN
WIN
BTM
WIN
WIN
RUNNER-UP

3

Carlos

IN
IN
WIN
WIN
IN
6th
WIN
WIN
WIN
WIN
OUT

4

Kelsey*

WIN
IN
IN
WIN
BTM
2nd
BTM
IN
WIN
IN
OUT

5

Kat*

WIN
IN
BTM
IN
IN
BTM
BTM
BTM
OUT

6

Ty

IN
IN
IN
IN
BTM
3rd
IN
BTM
OUT

7

Jen

IN
BTM
IN
WIN
IN
7th
IN
OUT

8

Kelly

IN
IN
IN
IN
IN
5th
WIN
OUT

9

Erika

BTM
WIN
IN
WIN
IN
8th
OUT

10

Anna

IN
IN
IN
IN
WIN
4th
OUT

11

Priscilla

IN
IN
BTM
WIN
OUT

12

Matt

BTM
IN
WIN
IN
OUT

13

Anthony

IN
IN
OUT

14

Jeff

IN
BTM
OUT

15

Lina

OUT

16

Eric

OUT

text: Differences between seasons 1 and 2[edit]

text: In the first episode, a group of selected novice cooks were to prepare a dish from scratch so the chefs would get an idea of how poor their skills were. After tasting all the items, the chefs took turns picking team members for their rival chef. The first season started off with 24 novice cooks but only the worst 12 were chosen for a team. In the second season, the first episode began with 16 amateurs and all took part for the remainder of that episode.

text: In the penultimate episode of the season, the remaining four recruits learned and replicated a dessert. After this, in the first season, the recruits had to instruct a group of high school students how to replicate the dessert recipe. In the second one, the recruits were assigned the dessert to serve after both chefs, and a special guest enjoyed a main dish.

text: After learning and replicating a dessert, the recruits had to prepare a meal for both chefs and a surprise guest, usually a spouse or other family member. The first season’s main dishes were an improved version of the recruits’ audition meal. The special guests in the second season got to choose what they wanted the students to make them.

text: Two recruits remained in the final episode and had to prepare an appetizer, main dish, and dessert for a panel of three food critics. The critics in season 1 thought that the final meal was prepared by the chefs until after they sampled all the courses. In season 2, the critics learned their meal was prepared by the recruits immediately after entering the restaurant.

text: Season 3: 2012[edit]

text: Anne Burrell and Bobby Flay hosted season 3.[8][9]

text: Recruits[edit]

text:
Contestant
Age
Hometown
Occupation
Status

Kelli Powers
40
Los Angeles, California
Stay-at-home mother
Winner April 1

Vinnie Caligiuri
47
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Mortgage broker
Runner-up April 1

Melissa Rhodes
28
Naples, Florida
Nursing Student
Eliminated March 25

David Shelton
26
Longview, Texas
Unemployed

Tiffany Michelle
27
Los Angeles, California
Poker player and actress
Eliminated March 18

Dorothy Strouhal
38
Cove, Texas
Make-up artist

Anthony Schiano
33
Massapequa, New York
Mechanical engineer
Eliminated March 11

Benjamin Dennis
37
Dallas, Texas
Stay-at-home father
Quit March 11

Sean "Bennett" Bennett
36
New York City
Automotive Spokesperson
Eliminated March 4

Sarina Weeraprajuk
31
West Covina, California
Wedding photographer

Erica Weidner
53
Long Beach, New York
Court Reporter Student
Eliminated February 26

Robert "Bob" Tamke
44
Massapequa Park, New York
DJ

Sherrill Moss-Solomon
55
New York, New York
Fundraiser
Eliminated February 19

Rachel Margolin
31
New York, New York
Night Club Promoter

Richard Chen
55
Queens, New York
Attorney
Eliminated February 12

Libby Floyd
46
Eden Prairie, Minnesota
ShopNBC host[10]

text: Contestant progress[edit]

text:
Rank
Contestant
Episode

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

1

Kelli

WIN
IN
IN
IN
IN
IN
BTM
WIN
BTM
WIN
WIN
WIN
WIN
WINNER

2

Vinnie

IN
WIN
WIN
IN
IN
IN
WIN
IN
BTM
IN
WIN
WIN
WIN
RUNNER-UP

3

Melissa1

IN
IN
IN
IN
IN
IN
IN
WIN
WIN
IN
BTM
IN
OUT

4

David1

IN
IN
IN
BTM
IN
IN
WIN
WIN
IN
WIN
BTM
IN
OUT

5

Tiffany

WIN
IN
IN
WIN
IN
BTM
BTM
IN
BTM
IN
OUT

6

Dorothy

IN
IN
WIN
IN
BTM
WIN
IN
WIN
WIN
WIN
OUT

7

Anthony

IN
IN
IN
IN
IN
IN
IN
WIN
OUT

8

Benjamin

IN
IN
IN
IN
WIN
WIN
IN
IN

QUIT

9

Bennett

IN
IN
BTM
BTM
WIN
BTM
OUT

10

Sarina

BTM
IN
IN
IN
BTM
IN
OUT

11

Erica

IN
IN
BTM
IN
OUT

12

Bob

IN
WIN
IN
IN
OUT

13

Sherrill

IN
BTM
OUT

14

Rachel

BTM
BTM
OUT

15

Richard

OUT

16

Libby

OUT

text: ^Note 1 : In Episode 3, Team Bobby (blue team) won the first challenge, he therefore got to choose one person from Team Anne (red team) to go to his team, and then choose one person from his team to go to the other team. He chose David to go to Team Anne's team and chose Melissa from Team Anne's team to join his team.

text: Season 4: 2013[edit]

text: Recruits[edit]

text:
Contestant
Age
Hometown
Occupation
Status

Alina Bolshakova
28
Riga, Latvia
Caretaker/Actress
Winner March 31

Rasheeda Brown
30
Germantown, Maryland
Correctional Officer
Runner-up March 31

Chet Pourciau
40
New Orleans, Louisiana
Interior Designer
Eliminated March 24

Suzanne "Sue" Mangogna
42
Northport, New York
Single Mother

Carla Johnson
47
Long Beach, California
Alcohol & Drug Counselor
Eliminated March 17

Michael Haydin
25
Rye Brook, New York
Accountant

Carrie Lee Riggins
32
Carmel, New York
Ballerina/Actress
Eliminated March 10

Crystal Lonneberg
30
Weehawken, New Jersey
Actress/Artist

Aadip Desai
36
Sacramento, California
Writer/Musician
Eliminated March 3

Alex Stein
26
Dallas, Texas
Bail Bondsman

Michael "Big Mike" Paul
24
Thomson, Georgia
Woodworker
Eliminated February 24

Robert "Dr. Bob" Schaefer
58
Pleasant Hill, California
Chiropractor

Tim Burger
42
Novi, Michigan
Former Marine
Eliminated February 17

Diana De Rosa
62
Huntington, New York
Photographer

text: Contestant progress[edit]

text:
Rank
Contestant
Episode

1
2
3
4
5
6
7

1

Alina

BTM
WIN
WIN
IN
IN
IN
WIN
WIN
WIN
IN
WIN
WINNER

2

Rasheeda

IN
IN
BTM
IN
IN
WIN
WIN
WIN
BTM
WIN
WIN
RUNNER-UP

3

Chet

WIN
IN
IN
IN
WIN
WIN
IN
WIN
BTM
IN
OUT

4

Sue

IN
IN
WIN
BTM
BTM
IN
BTM
IN
WIN
WIN
OUT

5

Carla

IN
IN
BTM
WIN
IN
BTM
BTM
WIN
OUT

6

Michael

WIN
IN
IN
BTM
WIN
IN
BTM
IN
OUT

7

Carrie Lee

IN
IN
IN
BTM
BTM
IN
OUT

8

Crystal

IN
WIN
IN
IN
IN
BTM
OUT

9

Aadip

IN
IN
IN
IN
OUT

10

Alex

IN
IN
IN
IN
OUT

11

Mike

IN
BTM
OUT

12

Bob

BTM
BTM
OUT

13

Tim

OUT

14

Diana

OUT

text: Season 5: 2014[edit]

text: Recruits[edit]

text:
Contestant
Age
Hometown
Occupation
Status

Amber Brauner
37
Redlands, California
Tattoo Artist
Winner March 31

Jamie Thomas
41
New York, New York
Flight Attendant
Runner-up March 31

Daniel "Danny" Beyda
43
Long Island, New York
Radiologist
Eliminated March 24

Mike Glazer
30
Chicago, Illinois
Writer

Carie Pullano-Keller
34
Chester, Virginia
Promotional Model
Eliminated March 17

Stephanie St. Aubin
26
Washington, DC
Secretary

Danielle Ruiz-Wiley
25
Staten Island, New York
Stay at Home Mom
Eliminated March 10

Carol Holder
64
New York, New York
Real Estate Broker

Joe Slaughter
28
Los Angeles, California
Actor/Dancer
Eliminated March 3

Ken Hsu
29
Seattle, Washington
Personal Trainer

Lance Green
31
New York, New York
Music Producer
Eliminated February 24

Benjamin "Benji" Hunter Brown III
29
Nashville, Tennessee
Live Music Booking Agent

Muneerah Warner
33
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Abstinence Advisor
Eliminated February 16

Casey Pentony
26
Hollywood, California
Nurse

text: Contestant progress[edit]

text:
Rank
Contestant
Episode

1
2
3
4
5
6
7

1

Amber

WIN
IN
IN
IN
WIN
WIN
BTM
IN
WIN
IN
WIN
WINNER

2

Jamie

WIN
IN
WIN
BTM
IN
IN
WIN
WIN
WIN
WIN
WIN
RUNNER-UP

3

Danny

IN
IN
BTM
IN
IN
WIN
WIN
WIN
BTM
IN
OUT

4

Mike

IN
IN
IN
WIN
WIN
IN
IN
IN
BTM
WIN
OUT

5

Carie1

IN
IN
IN
IN
IN
IN
BTM
IN
OUT

6

Stephanie1

IN
IN
BTM
IN
IN
WIN
IN
IN
OUT

7

Danielle

IN
WIN
IN
IN
BTM
WIN
OUT

8

Carol

IN
WIN
IN
BTM
BTM
IN
OUT

9

Joe

IN
IN
WIN
WIN
OUT

10

Ken

IN
IN
IN
IN
OUT

11

Lance

BTM
IN
OUT

12

Benji

BTM
IN
OUT

13

Muneerah

OUT

14

Casey

OUT

text: ^Note 1 : In Episode 3 Team Anne (red team) won the first challenge, she therefore got to choose one person from Team Bobby (blue team) to go to her team, and then chose one person from her team to go to the other team. She chose Stephanie to go to Team Bobby's team and chose Carie from Team Bobby's team to join her team.

text: Season 6: 2015[edit]

text: Tyler Florence joins Anne Burrell to host seasons 6, replacing Bobby Flay after 3 seasons. The season premiered on January 4, 2015 to 2,123,000 viewers.[11] The second episode was lower at 1,456,000 viewers,[12] with the third episode rising to 1,732,000 viewers[13] and the fourth episode reached 1,689,000 viewers.[14] the 5th episode reached 1,634,000 viewers. The sixth episode received 1.55 million viewers.[15]

text: Recruits[edit]

text:
Contestant
Age
Hometown
Occupation
Status

Kristen Redmond
25
Austin, Texas
Singer/Songwriter
Winner February 15

Genique Freeman
33
Fayetteville, North Carolina
Esthetician
Runner-up February 15

Leopold "Leo" Nunan
36
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Performance Artist
Eliminated February 8

Sarah Bettendorf
33
Los Angeles, California
Art Teacher

Norman Wilson
46
Detroit, Michigan
Executive Protection
Eliminated February 1

Sharif Dean
27
Los Angeles, California
Personal Trainer

David Eric Rosenberg
51
Las Vegas, Nevada
Theatre Usher
Eliminated January 25

Kortni Montgomery
25
New Orleans, Louisiana
Customer Service Rep

Michael "Six" Muldoon
25
Queens, New York
Magician
Eliminated January 18

Mike Kennedy
45
Scottsdale, Arizona
Private Investigator

Stephanie Streisand*
25
Los Angeles, California
Writer
Withdrew January 11

Susie Babin
61
Bush, Louisiana
Retired
Eliminated January 11

Jason Dixon
30
Chicago, Illinois
Artist
Eliminated January 5

Christina Oster
38
Zion, Illinois
Single Mom

text: Contestant Stephanie Streisand was deemed too ill to continue on January 11

text: Contestant progress[edit]

text:
Rank
Contestant
Episode

1
2
3
4
5
6
7

1

Kristen

IN
WIN
WIN
IN
IN
WIN
BTM
IN
WIN
WIN
WIN
WINNER

2

Genique

IN
IN
WIN
IN
IN
WIN
IN
IN
WIN
WIN
WIN
RUNNER-UP

3

Leo

IN
IN
IN
IN
IN
IN
WIN
IN
BTM
WIN
OUT

4

Sarah

WIN
IN
IN
BTM
BTM
IN
WIN
WIN
BTM
WIN
OUT

5

Norman

WIN
IN
IN
IN
BTM
IN
IN
WIN
OUT

6

Sharif

IN
WIN
BTM
WIN
IN
IN
BTM
IN
OUT

7

David

BTM
IN
BTM
IN
WIN
BTM
OUT

8

Kortni

BTM
IN
BTM
BTM
WIN
BTM
OUT

9

Six

IN
IN
IN
IN
OUT

10

Mike

IN
BTM
IN
IN
OUT

11

Stephanie

IN
IN
WDR

12

Susie

IN
BTM
OUT

13

Jason

OUT

14

Christina

OUT

text: Season 7: Celebrity Edition[edit]

text: Rachael Ray joins Anne Burrell to host season 7. The winner earns a $50,000 donation for their chosen charity. Because this season had only 7 total recruits, each team's worst recruit from that week's Main Dish challenge competed head to head in a quickfire elimination challenge instead of eliminating both recruits each week. This challenge involved more basic cooking techniques (e.g. knife skills) and the winner would be decided by a blind judging from both Anne and Rachael. The winning recruit stayed in the competition while the losing recruit was eliminated.

text: Recruits[edit]

text:
Contestant
Age
Occupation
Status

Jenni "JWoww" Farley
29
Reality Television Star
Winner October 28

Kendra Wilkinson
30
Former Playboy Model & Television Personality
Runner-up October 28

Ellen Cleghorne
49
Saturday Night Live Actress
Eliminated October 21

Barry Williams
60
The Brady Bunch Actor
Eliminated October 14

Chris Soules
33
The Bachelor Star
Eliminated October 7

Jaleel White
38
Actor, Television Host
Eliminated September 30

Dean Cain
48
Television Actor
Eliminated September 23

text: Contestant progress[edit]

text:
Rank
Contestant
Episode

1
2
3
4
5
6

1

Jenni

IN
WIN
IN
WIN
WIN
WINNER

2

Kendra

IN
WIN
BTM
WIN
BTM
RUNNER-UP

3

Ellen

WIN
IN
WIN
BTM
OUT

4

Barry

BTM
BTM
WIN
OUT

5

Chris

WIN
IN
OUT

6

Jaleel

IN
OUT

7

Dean

OUT

text: Season 8: 2016[edit]

text: Tyler Florence joins Anne Burrell to host season 8.

text: Recruits[edit]

text:
Contestant
Age
Hometown
Occupation
Status

Nick Slater
24
Rancho Cucamonga, California
Construction Worker
Winner February 14

Lawrence Crawford
26
Deptford, New Jersey
Army Combat Medic
Runner-up February 14

Ginny Meerman
50
Millersville, Maryland
Project Supervisor
Eliminated February 7

Taylor Hooper
24
Boston, Massachusetts
Marine Veteran

Holgie Forrester
66
Twentynine Palms, California
Retired/Actress
Eliminated January 31

Chanda Havard
36
Chicago, Illinois
Real Estate Agent

Donna Koen
60
Newburyport, Massachusetts
Lunch Lady & Hairdresser
Eliminated January 24

Rachel Thomas
27
Tampa, Florida
Stay-at-Home Wife

Ernie Adkins
44
Mardela Springs, Maryland
Truck driver
Eliminated January 17

Glenda Galeano
40
Miami, Florida
Event Coordinator/Actress

Ty Snow
39
Pasadena, California
Special Education Teacher
Eliminated January 10

Cindy Nguyen
28
Las Vegas, Nevada
Bartender

David Fouts
42
Wales, Wisconsin
Senior Project Manager
Eliminated January 4

Jeni Erdman
51
Dousman, Wisconsin
Group Tour Coordinator

text: Contestant progress[edit]

text:
Rank
Contestant
Episode

1
2
3
4
5
6
7

1

Nick

WIN
WIN
IN
IN
IN
IN
IN
IN
TIE
WIN
WINNER

2

Lawrence

IN
IN
IN
IN
IN
IN
WIN
IN
BTM
WIN
RUNNER-UP

3

Ginny

WIN
BTM
WIN
IN
BTM
TIE
IN
WIN
WIN
OUT

4

Taylor

IN
IN
IN
IN
BTM
IN
WIN
WIN
TIE
OUT

5

Holgie

IN
WIN
IN
IN
IN
TIE
BTM
IN
OUT

6

Chanda

BTM
IN
IN
IN
WIN
WIN
BTM
IN
OUT

7

Donna

IN
BTM
WIN
IN
IN
BTM
OUT

8

Rachel

BTM
IN
BTM
WIN
WIN
BTM
OUT

9

Ernie

IN
BTM
IN
IN
OUT

10

Glenda

IN
BTM
BTM
IN
OUT

11

Ty

IN
IN
OUT

12

Cindy

IN
IN
OUT

13

David

OUT

14

Jeni

OUT

text: Season 9: Celebrity Edition 2[edit]

text: Rachael Ray returns with Anne Burrell to host season 2 of the Celebrity Edition. The winner earns a $50,000 donation for their chosen charity. The season premiered on September 14, 2016 to 1,185,000 viewers.[16]

text: Recruits[edit]

text:
Contestant
Age
Occupation
Status

Loni Love
44
The Real Co-Host & Comedian
Winner November 2

Nicole Sullivan
46
Former MadTV Star, Comedian, & Actress
Runner-up November 2

John Henson
49
Former Talk Soup & Wipeout host
Eliminated October 26

Mike Situation Sorrentino
34
Reality Television Personality

Matt Dallas
33
Television Actor & YouTube Personality
Eliminated October 19

Mindy Cohn
50
The Facts of Life & Scooby-Doo Actress
Eliminated October 12

Tommy Davidson
52
Comedian & Actor
Eliminated September 28

Barbara Eden
85
Film & Television Actress (I Dream of Jeannie & Harper Valley P.T.A.)
Eliminated September 21

Kenya Moore
45
Miss USA 1993 & The Real Housewives of Atlanta Star
Eliminated September 14

text: Contestant progress[edit]

text:
Rank
Contestant
Episode

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

1
Loni
IN
IN
TIE
IN
WIN
IN
IN
WINNER

2
Nicole
IN
WIN
IN
BTM
WIN
IN
IN
RUNNER-UP

3
John
WIN
WIN
BTM
WIN
IN
BTM
OUT

4
Mike
IN
BTM
WIN
WIN
IN
WIN
OUT

5
Matt
WIN
IN
IN
IN
BTM
OUT

6
Mindy
IN
IN
TIE
BTM
OUT

7
Tommy
IN
IN
OUT

8
Barbara
BTM
OUT

9
Kenya
OUT

text: Season 10: 2017[edit]

text: Rachael Ray joins Anne Burrell to host season 10. The season premiered on January 1, 2017.[17]

text: Recruits[edit]

text:
Contestant
Age
Hometown
Occupation
Status

Daniel Mar
35
Burbank, California
Photographer
Winner March 5

Ann Odogwu
34
Houston, Texas
Flight Attendant
Runner-Up March 5

Laura Docker
36
Fort Worth, Texas
Lawyer
Eliminated February 26

Mandy Thornton
24
Hanover, Massachusetts
Medical Assistant

Adam Cooke
32
Rancho Cucamonga, California
Auto Mechanic
Eliminated February 19

Brittany Lenore
27
Chicago, Illinois
Spiritual Speaker

Jeff West
36
Douglassville, Pennsylvania
Vending Machine President
Eliminated February 12

Kayla Kurtz
27
Kent, Ohio
Stay-at-Home Mom
Eliminated January 29

Maria Marcello
40
Torrance, California
Stay-at-Home Mom

Matt Josephs
35
Richmond, Virginia
Sports Radio Producer
Eliminated January 22

Jake Michaels
21
Manteno, Illinois
Model & Singer
Eliminated January 15

Jetta Linda Ostrofsky
66
Sacramento, California
Retired

Stephen Hawkins
67
Temecula, California
Retired
Eliminated January 8

Buffy Mykkanen
29
Portland, Oregon
Tech Support

Cedrick Miller
22
El Paso, Texas
Cashier
Eliminated January 1

Lester Turchin
65
Fort Lauderdale, Florida
Retired

text: Contestant progress[edit]

text:
Rank
Contestant
Episode

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

1

Daniel

IN
IN
WIN
BTM
BTM
IN
IN
IN
WIN
IN
IN
IN
WINNER

2

Ann

WIN
IN
IN
WIN
BTM
BTM
IN
BTM
IN
SAVE
IN
IN
RUNNER-UP

3

Mandy

IN
IN
IN
TIE
IN
WIN
WIN
BTM
IN
BTM
IN
OUT

4

Laura

IN
WIN
IN
IN
IN
WIN
IN
BTM
WIN
WIN
IN
OUT

5

Brittany

WIN
IN
IN
TIE
WIN
IN
IN
BTM
IN
WIN
OUT

6

Adam

IN
IN
BTM
BTM
IN
IN
IN
WIN
IN
IN
OUT

7

Jeff

IN
WIN
IN
IN
IN
BTM
IN
WIN
IN
OUT

8

Maria

IN
IN
WIN
IN
WIN
OUT

9

Kayla

IN
IN
IN
TIE
SAVE
OUT

10

Matt

IN
IN
IN
IN
OUT

11

Jetta

IN
IN
BTM
OUT

12

Jake

BTM
IN
IN
OUT

13

Stephen

BTM
IN
OUT

14

Buffy

IN
IN
OUT

15

Cedrick

OUT

16

Lester

OUT

text: In Episode 6, Both Chef Anne and Chef Rachael decided not to send anyone from their teams home.

text: Season 11: Celebrity Edition 3[edit]

text: Rachael Ray returns with Anne Burrell to host season 3 of the Celebrity Edition. The season premiered on August 23, 2017[18][19]

text: Recruits[edit]

text:
Contestant
Age
Occupation
Status

Perez Hilton
39
Gossip Blogger
Winner October 11

Melissa Peterman
46
Actress & Comedienne
Runner-up October 11

Nora Dunn
65
Actress & Comedienne
Eliminated October 4

Vivica A. Fox
53
Actress
Eliminated October 4

Sean Lowe
33
Reality Star
Eliminated September 27

Carmen Electra
45
Model & Actress
Withdrew September 13 due to injuries

Carson Kressley
47
TV Personality
Eliminated September 6

Erik Estrada
68
Star of CHiPs
Eliminated August 30

text: •Note: Vivica was originally eliminated on September 20. In Episode 7, airing on October 4, both Vivica and Sean returned to the competition for a redemption skill drill. Vivica won the drill, re-entered the competition and was then eliminated following the main challenge.

text: Contestant progress[edit]

text:
Rank
Contestant
Episode

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

1
Perez
IN
IN
IN
IN
IN
WIN
IN
IN
IN
IN
IN
IN
WIN
WINNER

2
Melissa
IN
WIN
IN
WIN
WIN
IN
SAVE
IN
BTM
IN
IN
IN
WIN
RUNNER-UP

3
Nora
SAVE
TIE
IN
IN
IN
IN
IN
IN
IN
IN
BTM
IN
OUT

4
Vivica
IN
IN
IN
IN
WIN
TIE
SAVE
IN
OUT

RTN
OUT

5
Sean
IN
IN
IN
IN
BTM
TIE
IN
IN
IN
IN
OUT

6
Carmen
BTM
IN
BTM
WIN
IN
WDR

7
Carson
IN
TIE
WIN
IN
OUT

8
Erik
IN
TIE
OUT

text: Season 12: 2018[edit]

text: Tyler Florence joins Anne Burrell to host season 12.

text: Recruits[edit]

text:
Contestant
Age
Hometown
Occupation
Status

Hazell Mckenzie
36
Brooklyn, New York
Graduate Student
Winner March 11

Steven Crowley
31
New York, New York
Real Estate Broker
Runner-Up March 11

Asaf Goren
25
Los Angeles, California
Dancer
Eliminated March 4

Sharon Shvarzman
32
Staten Island, New York
Drag Performer

Shatima Ruffin
34
Hampton Roads, Virginia
Receptionist
Eliminated February 25

Lacey Stout
28
Collinsville, Oklahoma
Stay-at-Home Mom

Robyn Hayden
31
Charleston, South Carolina
Balloon Artist
Eliminated February 18

Brandon Arroyo
27
Cleveland, Ohio
Sports Reporter
Eliminated February 11

Spencer Nick
25
Chicago, Illinois
Graduate Student

Sylvia Jefferies
47
Charleston, South Carolina
Stay-at-Home Mom
Quit January 28

Lily Frey
63
Anaheim, California
Retired
Eliminated January 28

Skyler Nick
25
Chicago, Illinois
Graduate Student
Eliminated January 21

Priscilla Nguyen
26
Hattiesburg, Mississippi
Receptionist
Eliminated January 14

Kevin Pettice
24
Charlotte, North Carolina
Administrative Assistant

Kayrene Curtis
44
Rocky River, Ohio
Stay-at-Home Mom
Eliminated January 7

Jonathan Farhat
37
Livermore, California
Safety Professional

text: Contestant progress[edit]

text:
Rank
Contestant
Episode

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

1

Hazell

WIN
IN
IN
IN
IN
IN
IN
WIN
WIN
WINNER

2

Steven

BTM
IN
WIN
IN
IN
BTM
WIN
WIN
WIN
RUNNER-UP

3

Sharon

WIN
IN
IN
WIN
WIN
IN
WIN
BTM
OUT

4

Asaf

IN
IN
WIN
IN
IN
WIN
IN
BTM
OUT

5

Lacey*

IN
IN
IN
IN
BTM
IN
WIN
OUT

6

Shatima

IN
IN
BTM
BTM
BTM
WIN
BTM
OUT

7

Robyn

IN
IN
IN
WIN
BTM
BTM
OUT

8

Brandon

IN
WIN
IN
BTM
WIN
OUT

9

Spencer*

BTM
IN
BTM
IN
BTM
OUT

10

Lily

IN
WIN
IN
OUT

11

Sylvia

IN
BTM
BTM
QUIT

12

Skyler

IN
BTM
OUT

13

Priscilla

IN
OUT

14

Kevin

IN
OUT

15

Jonathan

OUT

16

Kayrene

OUT

text: In episode 5, contestants Lacey and Spencer switch teams instead of being eliminated, Lacey on Chef Anne's Team and Spencer on Chef Tyler's team.

text: Season 13: Celebrity Edition 4[edit]

text: Tyler Florence returns with Anne Burrell to host season 4 of the Celebrity Edition. This is the first Celebrity Edition to not feature Rachael Ray as a judge. The season premiered on April 15, 2018.[20]

text: Recruits[edit]

text:
Contestant
Age
Occupation
Status

Catherine Bach
64
The Dukes of Hazzard Star

Maria Bamford
48
Comedienne

La Toya Jackson
61
Singer & Icon

Oscar Nunez
59
The Office Star

Ian Ziering
53
Actor

Nolan Gould
19
Modern Family Star
Eliminated April 29

Bronson Pinchot
58
Actor
Eliminated April 22

text: Contestant Progress[edit]

text:
Rank
Contestant
Episode

1
2
3
4
5
6

1

La Toya

WIN
IN
WIN

2

Ian

WIN
IN
WIN

3

Maria

IN
IN
IN

4

Catherine

IN
IN
IN

5

Oscar

BTM
BTM
BTM

6

Nolan

SAVE
IN
OUT

7

Bronson

IN
OUT


document_title: List of Ambassadors of India to Russia

question_text: who is the current indian ambassador to russia

text: List of Ambassadors of India to Russia

text: Ambassador of India to Soviet Union[edit]

text:
Name
Portrait
Entered office
Left office
Notes

Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit

1947
1949
First Woman President of the United Nations General Assembly (1953)

Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan

1949
1952
2nd President of India (1962-67)

Kumara Padma Sivasankara Menon

1952
1961

Subimal Dutt

1961
1962

T. N. Kaul

1962
1966

Kewal Singh

1966
1968

Durga Prasad Dhar

1969
1971

K. S. Shelvankar

1971
1975

Durga Prasad Dhar

1975
1975

Inder Kumar Gujral

1976
1980
12th Prime Minister of India (1997-98)

V. K. Ahuja

1980
1983

Saiyid Nurul Hasan

1983
1986
Governor of several Indian states

T. N. Kaul

1986
1989

A. S. Gonsalves

1989
1992

text: Ambassador of India to Russia[edit]

text:
Name
Entered office
Left office

Ronen Sen
1992
1998

S. K. Lambah
1998
2001

K. Raghunath
2001
2004

Kanwal Sibal
2004
2007

Prabhat Prakash Shukla
2007
2011

Ajai Malhotra
2011
2013

P. S. Raghavan
2014
2016

Pankaj Saran
2016


document_title: Spoils system

question_text: what event led to the end of the spoils system

text: Spoils system

text: Origins[edit]

text: Before 1829, moderation had prevailed in the transfer of political power from one U.S. president to another. Andrew Jackson's first inauguration, March 4, 1829, signaled a sharp departure from the past. An unruly mob of office seekers made something of a shambles of the event, and though some tried to explain this as democratic enthusiasm, the real truth was Jackson supporters had been lavished with promises of positions in return for political support. These promises were honored by an astonishing number of removals after Jackson assumed power. At the beginning of Jackson's administration, fully 919 officials were removed from government positions, amounting to nearly 10 percent of all government postings.[4]:328–33

text: The Jackson administration attempted to explain this unprecedented purge as reform, or constructive turnover, aimed at creating a more efficient system where the chain of command of public employees all obeyed the higher entities of government. The hardest changed organization within the federal government proved to be the post office. The post office was the largest department in the federal government, and had even more personnel than the war department. In one year 423 postmasters were deprived of their positions, most with extensive records of good service.[4]:334

text: Reform[edit]

text: By the late 1860s, citizens began demanding civil service reform. Running under the Liberal Republican Party in 1872, they were soundly defeated by Ulysses S. Grant.

text: After the assassination of James A. Garfield by a rejected office-seeker in 1881, the calls for civil service reform intensified. Moderation of the spoils system at the federal level came with the passage of the Pendleton Act in 1883, which created a bipartisan Civil Service Commission to evaluate job candidates on a nonpartisan merit basis. While few jobs were covered under the law initially, the law allowed the President to transfer jobs and their current holders into the system, thus giving the holder a permanent job. The Pendleton Act's reach was expanded as the two main political parties alternated control of the White House every election between 1884 and 1896. After each election the outgoing President applied the Pendleton Act to jobs held by his political supporters. By 1900, most federal jobs were handled through civil service and the spoils system was limited only to very senior positions.

text: The separation between the political activity and the civil service was made stronger with the Hatch Act of 1939 which prohibited federal employees from engaging in many political activities.

text: The spoils system survived much longer in many states, counties and municipalities, such as the Tammany Hall ring, which survived well into the 1930s when New York City reformed its own civil service. Illinois modernized its bureaucracy in 1917 under Frank Lowden, but Chicago held on to patronage in city government until the city agreed to end the practice in the Shakman Decrees of 1972 and 1983.

text: Modern variations on the spoils system are often described as the political machine.