document_title: Ozzy Lusth

question_text: how many times has ozzy played on survivor

text: Ozzy Lusth

text: Early life[edit]

text: Lusth was born on August 23, 1981 in Guanajuato, Mexico. When he was only a couple of years old, his parents divorced and he moved with his mom, to Durham, North Carolina, to be closer to his relatives. After a few more moves, his mother, with himself and his two siblings, Katrin and Zoe, settled in Mountain View, California. He went to high school in Mountain View. After graduating, he attended Santa Barbara City College, for two years, until he moved to the Los Angeles area.

text: Survivor[edit]

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text: Cook Islands[edit]

text: On Survivor: Cook Islands, Lusth was originally a member of the Aitutaki (Aitu) tribe, which represented Latinos. Having no particular alliance with any members, he was seen as a threat. In Episode Two, he suggested the tribe throw the immunity challenge so they could vote out the weak link, Billy Garcia. Lusth's plan was met with skepticism, particularly with Cristina Coria. However, Garcia was voted out at Tribal Council. Following a tribe switch, Lusth remained in Aitu with only one of his original tribemates, Cecelia Mansilla. Lusth was perceived a threat due and he led his tribes to numerous immunities. Yet, he was not part of the dominating alliance of Yul Kwon: Candice Woodcock, Becky Lee, and Jonathan Penner and Lusth lost his original tribemate, Mansilla. Following the third tribal council, Lusth was angry that his tribe had voted for Mansilla, but was comforted by his tribemates. After two straight wins, Probst announced both tribes would go to Tribal Council. Lusth, along with the rest of the tribe, except Jessica "Flica" Smith, denounced "Plan Voodoo" and voted out Cao Boi Bui. The tribe lost immunity at the next challenge and Smith was unanimously voted out.

text: Lusth played a large part in the next three straight wins and the Rarotonga (Raro) tribe saw their numbers were dwindling. However, when Probst announced an offer of mutiny, the Aitu tribe was left shocked and decimated, as original Raro members Woodcock and Penner returned, thus making Raro eight members strong. The challenge following the mutiny was dominated by the Aitu Four: Sundra Oakley, Lusth, Kwon and Lee. Lusth and the Aitu Four sent Woodcock to Exile Island several times, eventually sealing the fate of she and Penner. The mutiny sealed Lusth in his alliance with Oakley, Kwon, and Lee, and the Aitu Four dominated subsequent challenges. Following the tribal merge, Lusth remained loyal to the Aitu Four and voted with his allies to send Nate Gonzalez, Woodcock, Penner, Parvati Shallow and Adam Gentry off, despite times when he considered aligning with Shallow. Lusth was seen as a threat by allies Lee and Oakley, who went to Kwon in an attempt to vote Lusth out. But Lusth won immunity once again, forcing the expulsion of former Raro members.

text: Lusth won the final immunity challenge and scored a spot in the Final Three, with Kwon, who had the hidden immunity idol. Forced to vote one of their own out, Lee and Oakley tied with two votes against each. Lee won the fire-making tiebreaker, securing a spot with Kwon and Lusth. At the final Tribal Council, Lusth was praised for his athletic skills, yet criticized for being a loner. He finished in second place in a 5–4–0 vote and was the first male runner-up in two years since the eighth season. Probst stated at the reunion show that he had dominated. Prior to the million dollar vote, Gentry had promised he would give Kwon his vote if he survived longer than Penner. Kwon did and Gentry followed suit. Lusth gained the votes of Raro members: Shallow, Gonzalez, Jenny Guzon-Bae and Rebecca Borman.

text: Lusth was the longest-lasting contestant from the original Aitu tribe, and stayed so after the tribe switch. Dominant in swimming, agility and balance, he won five out of six individual immunity challenges. He won a Mercury Mariner, for being voted favorite player of the season.

text: With five immunity challenge wins in Cook Islands, Lusth became the fourth player, after Colby Donaldson, Tom Westman and Terry Deitz, to win a record five immunity challenges in a single season. Since then, Mike Holloway, on Survivor: Worlds Apart, and Brad Culpepper, on Survivor: Game Changers, have also accomplished this feat.

text: Micronesia[edit]

text: Survivor: Micronesia — Fans vs. Favorites was Lusth's second appearance on Survivor. With regard to his prior appearance, Lusth commented, "My mistakes last time were basically being too much of a loner. I'm never going to go anywhere by myself except to use the bathroom".[2] Originally part of the Malakal tribe representing the Favorites, Lusth decided to establish alliances. He allied himself with Amanda Kimmel, a Survivor: China contestant. The two went on to join forces with James Clement, Kimmel's ally from China, and Parvati Shallow, Lusth's fellow contestant on Cook Islands. The four became known for the romantic relationships between Lusth and Kimmel and between Clement and Shallow, with Cirie Fields joking that Kimmel would be giving birth to "little Ozzlets." The tribe faced an early defeat and the alliance of four found themselves against another dominating alliance of Ami Cusack, Jonathan Penner, Eliza Orlins and Yau-Man Chan. Both alliances attempted to recruit Jonny Fairplay, whose vote would become the swing vote. However, things changed when Fairplay asked to be sent home to be with his pregnant girlfriend, and the tribe honored his wish and voted him out 9–1, with Fairplay voting for Lusth. Faced with a loss in Episode Three, the four recruited Fields as their fifth member and voted out Chan, who was perceived as a threat by her. In Episode Four, Lusth was banished to Exile Island where he found the immunity idol and put a fake one in the place where he found the real one.

text: Following a tribal switch in Episode Five, he remained with two of his alliance members, Kimmel and Fields. The tribe began to lose in immunity challenges and subsequently voted off the Fans: Joel Anderson, Chet Welch, and Tracy Hughes-Wolf; during this time, Penner, now a member of Airai, was evacuated and Kathy Sleckman quit. With the tribe numbers becoming even, Malakal lost the challenge before the merge and voted off Cusack. When Lusth reunited with his alliance at the merge, the five of them took control of the game, voting off Orlins, whom Shallow disliked. He became comfortable with his position in the game, trusting Kimmel, Clement, and Shallow completely. He also found an ally in Fan Erik Reichenbach, who admired Lusth's abilities. However, Shallow had plans of her own. Having aligned herself with Fans Natalie Bolton and Alexis Jones while on Airai, she found herself in trouble when Fields approached her with a plan to blindside Lusth. Shallow's vote became the swing vote and she was confused, debating whether or not to vote her ally out. But Shallow stuck with Fields and convinced Lusth to leave his idol back at camp. At Tribal Council, Lusth was blindsided and this became the start of the women's alliance's domination, led by Shallow.

text: At the Final Tribal Council, he berated Shallow for selling away their friendship and refused to let her talk. He also confessed his love for Kimmel, for whom he cast his vote to win, saying she deserved the money a million times more than Shallow. He and Kimmel were still together as of the reunion show, but he revealed in an interview that they had separated before he returned for Season 23, Survivor: South Pacific. He also revealed at the reunion show that he and Shallow have healed their friendship.

text: South Pacific[edit]

text: Lusth returned, along with Benjamin "Coach" Wade, for a third shot at the game in Survivor: South Pacific. He revealed that he wanted to play a strategic game this time, feeling that everyone only saw him as a physical threat in previous games. He was randomly assigned to the Savaii tribe, where he quickly formed a core alliance with Keith Tollefson and Jim Rice, with Whitney Duncan and Elyse Umemoto being the extra members. His increasing closeness with Umemoto prompted Rice to undercut his power in Episode Five by convincing the tribe to vote out Umemoto instead of John Cochran. This initially angered Lusth, but he later forgave his tribe.

text: As the tribe approached what they suspected was the last Tribal Council before the merge and the return of the Redemption Island victor, Lusth made an unprecedented, bold, and strategic move by requesting that his tribe vote him out to Redemption Island, in the hope that he would beat long-running Redemption Island resident Christine Shields-Markoski and return to the merged tribe, making the former Savaii numbers equal to the former Upolu members. Jeff Probst has called this one of the greatest moves in Survivor history.[3]

text: The plan worked, but at the first post-merge Tribal Council Cochran betrayed his own tribe and joined with Upolu in voting out Tollefson, followed by Lusth and his other former tribemates, one by one. Back on Redemption Island, Lusth defeated Tollefson, Rice, Dawn Meehan, Duncan, Cochran, Edna Ma, and Brandon Hantz to stay in the game. Ozzy won immunity when he got back into the game and Rick Nelson was voted off. However, in the next challenge Lusth was defeated by Sophie Clarke at a puzzle game and became the last person voted off to become the final member of the jury. He later cast his vote for Clarke to win. He did, however, win the $100,000 Sprint Player of the Season prize over Cochran, who came in a distant second. Lusth was also the last member of the original Savaii tribe and set a Survivor record in being voted out three times in one season.

text: Game Changers[edit]

text: Lusth returned for a fourth time in the 34th season, Survivor: Game Changers. This made him one of only four contestants at the time to ever compete on Survivor four times—the others being "Boston Rob" Mariano, Rupert Boneham, and fellow Game Changers contestant Cirie Fields. On Day 16, Lusth attended his first Tribal Council, where he joined the majority in voting out two-time winner Sandra Diaz-Twine. He had to go to Tribal Council again on Day 18, when he joined the majority in eliminating Jeff Varner. He was ultimately blindsided on Day 24 for being too big of a physical threat. He placed 12th and was the second member of the jury. At Final Tribal Council, he praised finalist Brad Culpepper for his gameplay and voted for Culpepper to win, although Sarah Lacina would ultimately win the title of "Sole Survivor."[4]

text: Accolades[edit]

text: Shortly after Survivor: South Pacific ended, Ozzy was inducted into Xfinity's Survivor "Hall of Fame" in the class of 2011, alongside Cirie Fields and Tom Westman.[5] Several years later, in the official issue of CBS Watch magazine commemorating the 15th anniversary of Survivor, Lusth performed well in two major viewer polls that were released in the magazine. He came in fifth in the poll for "Greatest Castaway of All Time," and he came in third in the "Hottest Male Castaway" poll, behind Colby Donaldson and Malcolm Freberg. He was also the only male contestant to appear in both polls, and one of only two contestants overall to appear in both the "greatest players" poll and one of the "most attractive" polls, the other being fellow Cook Islands and Micronesia contestant Parvati Shallow.[6][7] Lastly, his elimination in Episode Ten of Micronesia was voted by viewers in the same magazine as the #2 most memorable moment in the series, only behind Sandra Diaz-Twine burning Russell Hantz's hat in Episode 14 of Survivor: Heroes vs. Villains.[8]

text: By making the merge in Survivor: Game Changers, Lusth became the first and only player in Survivor history to make the merge four times. Lusth also currently holds the record for the most time spent playing Survivor with 128 days spent in the game as an active contestant immediately followed by Circe Fields who played 121.[9]

text: Personal life[edit]

text: Lusth lives in Venice Beach, California. He once owned the Brakeman Brewery in Los Angeles, which has since closed.[10]


document_title: O Brother, Where Art Thou?

question_text: who does george nelson represent in o brother where art thou

root

text: O Brother, Where Art Thou?

text: Plot[edit]

text: Three convicts, Ulysses Everett McGill, Pete Hogwallop, and Delmar O'Donnell, escape from a chain gang and set out to retrieve a supposed treasure Everett buried before the area is flooded to make a lake. The three get a lift from a blind man driving a handcar on a railway. He tells them, among other prophecies, that they will find a fortune but not the one they seek. The trio make their way to the house of Wash, Pete's cousin. They sleep in the barn, but Wash reports them to Sheriff Cooley, who, along with his men, torches the barn. Wash's son helps them escape.

tag: p

text: They pick up Tommy Johnson, a young black man, who claims he sold his soul to the devil in exchange for the ability to play guitar. In need of money, the four stop at a radio broadcast tower where they record a song as The Soggy Bottom Boys. That night, the trio part ways with Tommy after their car is discovered by the police. Unbeknownst to them, the recording becomes a major hit.

text: Near a river, the group hears singing. They see three women washing clothes and singing. The women drug them with corn whiskey and they lose consciousness. Upon waking, Delmar finds Pete's clothes lying next to him, empty except for a toad. Delmar is convinced the women were Sirens and transformed Pete into the toad. Later, one-eyed Bible salesman Big Dan Teague invites them for a picnic lunch, then mugs them and kills the toad.

text: Everett and Delmar arrive in Everett's home town. Everett confronts his wife Penny, who changed her last name and told his daughters he was dead. He gets into a fight with Vernon T. Waldrip, her new "suitor." They later see Pete working on a chain gang. Later that night, they sneak into Pete's holding cell and free him. As it turns out, the women had dragged Pete away and turned him in to the authorities. Under torture, Pete gave away the treasure's location to the police. Everett then confesses that there is no treasure. He made it up to convince the guys he was chained with to escape with him in order to stop his wife from getting married. Pete is enraged at Everett, because he had two weeks left on his original sentence, and must serve fifty more years for the escape.

text: The trio stumble upon a rally of the Ku Klux Klan, who are planning to hang Tommy. The trio disguise themselves as Klansmen and attempt to rescue Tommy. However, Big Dan, a Klan member, reveals their identities. Chaos ensues, and the Grand Wizard reveals himself as Homer Stokes, a candidate in the upcoming gubernatorial election. The trio rush Tommy away and cut the supports of a large burning cross, leaving it to fall on Big Dan.

text: Everett convinces Pete, Delmar and Tommy to help him win his wife back. They sneak into a Stokes campaign gala dinner she is attending, disguised as musicians. The group begins a performance of their radio hit. The crowd recognizes the song and goes wild. Homer recognizes them as the group who humiliated his mob. When he demands the group be arrested and reveals his white supremacist views, the crowd runs him out of town on a rail. Pappy O'Daniel, the incumbent candidate, seizes the opportunity, endorses the Soggy Bottom Boys and grants them full pardons. Penny agrees to marry Everett with the condition that he find her original ring.

text: The next morning, the group sets out to retrieve the ring, which is at a cabin in the valley which Everett had earlier claimed was the location of his treasure. The police, having learned of the place from Pete, arrest the group. Dismissing their claims of having received pardons, Sheriff Cooley orders them hanged. Just as Everett prays to God, the valley is flooded and they are saved. Tommy finds the ring in a desk that floats by, and they return to town. However, when Everett presents the ring to Penny, it turns out it was not her ring, she doesn't want that one, and she can't remember where she put the real ring.

text: Cast[edit]

text:
George Clooney as Ulysses Everett McGill, a man who is imprisoned for practicing law without a license. He claims to have escaped from prison so he can find a stash of money he had hidden, though in reality it is so he can get back to his family before his wife remarries. He corresponds to Odysseus (Ulysses) in the Odyssey.[10]
John Turturro, as Pete Hogwallop, a fellow criminal who reveals little about his past. He believes in being true to one's kin, even when his cousin Washington B. Hogwallop betrays him. He dreams of moving out west and opening a fine restaurant, where he will be the maître d'. He agreed to go along with the breakout, though he only had two weeks left on his sentence.
Tim Blake Nelson as Delmar O'Donnell, a small-time crook imprisoned for robbing a Piggly Wiggly in Yazoo City; he initially claims innocence but later admits he is guilty. Delmar says he will spend his share of Everett's nonexistent money buying back his family farm, believing, "You ain't no kind of man if you ain't got land."
Chris Thomas King as Tommy Johnson, a skilled blues musician. He is the accompanying guitarist in the Soggy Bottom Boys. He claims he sold his soul to the devil in exchange for his skill on the guitar. He shares his name and story with Tommy Johnson, a blues musician with a mysterious past, who is said to have sold his soul to the devil at the Crossroads (a story more often attributed to Robert Johnson).[11][12]
Frank Collison as Washington B. "Wash" Hogwallop, Pete's paternal cousin. He removes the escapees' chains but later betrays the men to the police.
John Goodman as Daniel "Big Dan" Teague, a one-eyed man who masquerades as a Bible salesman and mugs Everett and Delmar. He later reveals the identity of the trio when they are disguised at a Ku Klux Klan rally, but they kill him by cutting loose a burning cross, which falls on him and the Klansmen. He corresponds to the cyclops Polyphemus in the Odyssey.[10]
Holly Hunter as Penny, Everett's ex-wife, who is fed up with Everett's wheeling and dealing. She divorces him while he is in prison, telling their children he was hit by a Louisville & Nashville train. She is engaged to Vernon T. Waldrip until Everett wins her back. She corresponds to Penelope in the Odyssey.[10] (Penelope is an icon of the faithful wife, as she rejected her many suitors, stalling for time while awaiting Odysseus' return.)
Charles Durning as Menelaus "Pappy" O'Daniel, the incumbent Governor of Mississippi. He is frequently seen berating his son and his campaign managers, who are depicted as simpletons. The character is based on Texas governor W. Lee "Pappy" O'Daniel.[13] (Flensted-Jensen elaborates on the connection between the fictional and the real Pappy O'Daniel.)[10] He corresponds to Menelaus in the Odyssey.
Daniel von Bargen as Sheriff Cooley, a ruthless rural sheriff who, with his bloodhound, pursues the trio for the duration of the film. It is implied several times that he is the devil incarnate, and Cooley fits Tommy Johnson's description of Satan: Cooley's sunglasses evoke Satan's "big empty eyes." He eventually ambushes the escapees after they have been pardoned by the governor. He intends to hang them nonetheless, but when the valley is flooded, he, his men, and his dog all drown. He corresponds to Poseidon in the Odyssey.[10] He has been compared to Boss Godfrey in Cool Hand Luke.[14]
Wayne Duvall as Homer Stokes, the reform candidate in the upcoming election for Governor. He travels the countryside with a dwarf, who depicts the "little man", and a broom, with which he promises to "sweep this state clean." He is secretly an Imperial Wizard in the Ku Klux Klan. He falsely identifies Everett, Pete, and Delmar as people of color because they darkened their faces to remain unseen when freeing Tommy.
Ray McKinnon as Vernon T. Waldrip, Penny's bona fide suitor and the manager of Homer Stokes's election campaign. It has been suggested that his name is a nod to novelist Howard Waldrop, whose novella A Dozen Tough Jobs is one of the inspirations for the film.[15] He corresponds to the Suitors of Penelope in the Odyssey.[10]
Michael Badalucco as George Nelson, a bipolar bank robber who dislikes being called "Baby Face." The real George Nelson died in 1934, three years before the story is set. Nelson died in a shootout known as the Battle of Barrington rather than by electric chair, as suggested in the film.
Stephen Root as Mr. Lund, the blind radio station manager who records Everett's story in the song "Man of Constant Sorrow" and makes him known throughout the state. He corresponds to Homer.[10]
Lee Weaver as the Blind Seer, a mysterious railroad man who accurately predicts the outcome of the trio's adventure as well as several other incidents. He corresponds to Tiresias in the Odyssey.[10]

tag: ul

text: Production[edit]

text: The idea of O Brother, Where Art Thou? arose spontaneously. Work on the script began in December 1997, long before the start of production, and was at least half-written by May 1998. Despite the fact that Ethan Coen described the Odyssey as "one of my favorite storyline schemes," neither of the brothers had read the epic and were only familiar with its content through adaptations and numerous references to the Odyssey in popular culture.[16] According to the brothers, Nelson (who has a degree in classics from Brown University)[17][18] was the only person on the set who had read the Odyssey.[19]

text: The title of the film is a reference to the 1941 Preston Sturges film Sullivan's Travels, in which the protagonist (a director) wants to direct a film about the Great Depression called O Brother, Where Art Thou?[5] that will be a "commentary on modern conditions, stark realism, and the problems that confront the average man." Lacking any experience in this area, the director sets out on a journey to experience the human suffering of the average man but is sabotaged by his anxious studio. The film has some similarity in tone to Sturges's film, including scenes with prison gangs and a black church choir. The prisoners at the picture show scene is also a direct homage to a nearly identical scene in Sturges's film.[20]

text: Joel Coen revealed in a 2000 interview that he came to Phoenix, Arizona, to offer the lead role to Clooney. Clooney agreed to do the role immediately, without reading the script. He stated that he liked even the Coens' least successful films.[21] Clooney did not immediately understand his character and sent the script to his uncle Jack who lived in Kentucky and asked him to read the entire script into a tape recorder.[22] Unknown to Clooney, in his recording, Jack, a devout Baptist, omitted all instances of the words "damn" and "hell" from the Coens' script, which only became known to Clooney after the directors pointed this out to him in the middle of shooting.[22]

text: This was the fourth film of the brothers in which John Turturro has starred. Other actors in O Brother, Where Art Thou? who had worked previously with the Coens include John Goodman (three films), Holly Hunter (two), Michael Badalucco and Charles Durning (one film each).

text: The Coens used digital color correction to give the film a sepia-tinted look.[8] Joel stated this was because the actual set was "greener than Ireland." [22] Cinematographer Roger Deakins stated, "Ethan and Joel favored a dry, dusty Delta look with golden sunsets. They wanted it to look like an old hand-tinted picture, with the intensity of colors dictated by the scene and natural skin tones that were all shades of the rainbow."[23] Initially the crew tried to perform the color correction using a physical process, however after several tries with various chemical processes proved unsatisfactory, it became necessary to perform the process digitally.[22]

text: This was the fifth film collaboration between the Coen Brothers and Deakins, and it was slated to be shot in Mississippi at a time of year when the foliage, grass, trees, and bushes would be a lush green.[23] It was filmed near locations in Canton, Mississippi and Florence, South Carolina in the summer of 1999.[24] After shooting tests, including film bipack and bleach bypass techniques, Deakins suggested digital mastering be used.[23] Deakins subsequently spent 11 weeks fine-tuning the look, mainly targeting the greens, making them a burnt yellow and desaturating the overall image in the digital files.[8] This made it the first feature film to be entirely color corrected by digital means, narrowly beating Nick Park's Chicken Run.[8]

text: O Brother, Where Art Thou? was the first time a digital intermediate was used on the entirety of a first-run Hollywood film that otherwise had very few visual effects. The work was done in Los Angeles by Cinesite using a Spirit DataCine for scanning at 2K resolution, a Pandora MegaDef to adjust the color, and a Kodak Lightning II recorder to put out to film.[25]

text: A major theme of the film is the connection between old-time music and political campaigning in the Southern U.S. It makes reference to the traditions, institutions, and campaign practices of bossism and political reform that defined Southern politics in the first half of the 20th century.

text: The Ku Klux Klan, at the time a political force of white populism, is depicted burning crosses and engaging in ceremonial dance. The character Menelaus "Pappy" O'Daniel, the governor of Mississippi and host of the radio show The Flour Hour, is similar in name and demeanor to W. Lee "Pappy" O'Daniel,[26] one-time Governor of Texas and later U.S. Senator from that state.[27] W. Lee O'Daniel was in the flour business, and used a backing band called the Light Crust Doughboys on his radio show.[28] In one campaign, W. Lee O'Daniel carried a broom,[29] an oft-used campaign device in the reform era, promising to sweep away patronage and corruption.[29] His theme song had the hook, "Please pass the biscuits, Pappy", emphasizing his connection with flour.[28]

text: While the film borrows from real-life politics, differences are obvious between the characters in the film and historical political figures. The O'Daniel of the movie used "You Are My Sunshine" as his theme song (which was originally recorded by real-life Governor of Louisiana James Houston "Jimmie" Davis[30]) and Homer Stokes, as the challenger to the incumbent O'Daniel, portrays himself as the "reform candidate", using a broom as a prop.

text: Music[edit]

text: Music in the film was originally conceived as a major component of the film, not merely as a background or a support. Producer and musician T-Bone Burnett worked with the Coens while the script was still in its working phases, and the soundtrack was recorded before filming commenced.[31]

text: Much of the music used in the film is period-specific folk music,[6] including that of Virginia bluegrass singer Ralph Stanley.[7] The musical selection also includes religious music, including Primitive Baptist and traditional African American gospel, most notably The Fairfield Four, an a cappella quartet with a career extending back to 1921 who appear in the soundtrack and as gravediggers towards the film's end. Selected songs in the film reflect the possible spectrum of musical styles typical of the old culture of the American South: gospel, delta blues, country, swing and bluegrass.[32][33]

text: The use of dirges and other macabre songs is a theme that often recurs in Appalachian music[34] ("O Death", "Lonesome Valley", "Angel Band", "I Am Weary") in contrast to bright, cheerful songs ("Keep On the Sunny Side", "In the Highways") in other parts of the film.

text: The voices of the Soggy Bottom Boys were provided by Dan Tyminski (lead vocal on "Man of Constant Sorrow"), Nashville songwriter Harley Allen, and the Nashville Bluegrass Band's Pat Enright.[35] The three won a CMA Award for Single of the Year[35] and a Grammy Award for Best Country Collaboration with Vocals, both for the song "Man of Constant Sorrow".[9] Tim Blake Nelson sang the lead vocal on "In the Jailhouse Now".[5]

text: "Man of Constant Sorrow" has five variations: two are used in the film, one in the music video, and two in the soundtrack album. Two of the variations feature the verses being sung back-to-back, and the other three variations feature additional music between each verse.[36] Though the song received little significant radio airplay,[37] it reached #35 on the U.S. Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart in 2002.[38] The version of "I'll Fly Away" heard in the film is performed not by Krauss and Welch (as it is on the CD and concert tour), but by the Kossoy Sisters with Erik Darling accompanying on long-neck five-string banjo, recorded in 1956 for the album Bowling Green on Tradition Records.[39]

text: Release[edit]

text: The film premiered at the AFI Film Festival on October 19, 2000.[1] It grossed $71,868,327 worldwide[3] off its $26 million budget.[2]

text: Critical reception[edit]

text: Review aggregation website Rotten Tomatoes gives it a score of 77% based on 147 reviews and an average score of 7.1/10. The consensus reads: "Though not as good as Coen brothers' classics such as Blood Simple, the delightfully loopy O Brother, Where Art Thou? is still a lot of fun."[40] The film holds an average score of 69/100 on Metacritic based on 30 reviews.[41]

text: Roger Ebert gave two and a half out of four stars to the film, saying all the scenes in the film were "wonderful in their different ways, and yet I left the movie uncertain and unsatisfied".[42]

text: Accolades[edit]

text: The film was selected into the main competition of the 2000 Cannes Film Festival.[43]

text: The film also received two Academy Award nominations at the 73rd Academy Awards: Best Adapted Screenplay and Best Cinematography. Cinematographer Roger Deakins was recognized with both Academy Award and ASC Outstanding Achievement Award nominations for his work on the film.[23]

text: For his portrayal of Ulysses Everett McGill, George Clooney received the Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy. The film was also nominated for the Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy.

text: Soggy Bottom Boys[edit]

text: The Soggy Bottom Boys is the musical group that the main characters form to serve as accompaniment for the film. The name is in homage to the Foggy Mountain Boys, a bluegrass band led by Lester Flatt and Earl Scruggs.[44] In the film, the songs credited to the band are lip-synched by the actors, except that Tim Blake Nelson does sing his own vocals on "In the Jailhouse Now." The actual musicians are Dan Tyminski (guitar and lead vocals), Harley Allen, and Pat Enright.[45][46] The band's hit single is Dick Burnett's "Man of Constant Sorrow," a song that had already enjoyed much success in real life.[47] After the film's release, the fictitious band became so popular that the country and folk musicians who were dubbed into the film got together and performed the music from the film in a Down from the Mountain concert tour which was filmed for TV and DVD.[6] This included Ralph Stanley, John Hartford, Alison Krauss, Emmylou Harris, Gillian Welch, Chris Sharp, and others.


document_title: The Christmas Lunch Incident

question_text: who played alice tinkers sister in vicar of dibley

text: The Christmas Lunch Incident

text: Plot[edit]

text: The episode depicts the show's central character, Vicar and parish council member Geraldine Granger (Dawn French), spending her second Christmas in the village of Dibley. Firstly she needs to produce a sermon for the festive season that is more interesting than last year's as it will be the keynote speech at a party conference and members are due to defect to Satanism if the sermon is not received well. She produces several drafts which she either rejects herself or reads to her villagers who quickly lose interest. After a long struggle for ideas she successfully writes one in time for the Christmas church service using a Spice Girls biography book given to her by her friend and verger Alice Tinker (Emma Chambers) as a Christmas present.

text: The vicar is also invited to attend four Christmas lunches, the first she happily accepts and reluctantly accepts the next three as she does not want to disappoint or offend those offering who are relying on her attendance. The first one is with two of her fellow parish council members Frank Pickle (John Bluthal) and Jim Trott (Trevor Peacock). The next one is with David Horton (Gary Waldhorn) and his son Hugo (James Fleet). The third is with Alice, her mother (Carol MacReady) and her more dim-witted sister Mary (Mel Giedroyc). The fourth is offered to her after she's attended the other three by the remaining parish council member Owen Newitt (Roger Lloyd-Pack), he initially told the vicar he was not going to invite her much to her relief but he mistakes her joy as subtle way of asking to join him for lunch.

text: Granger realises that she will need to ask for small portions at the first meal to preserve her appetite, despite asking she is presented with turkey slices and sixteen types of vegetables. She finishes this and is presented with a whole Christmas pudding to eat which she initially thinks is for the three to share. Now starting to feel full up she goes to the second where David is using recipes from a Delia Smith book. He presents her with a large plate of pasta, then a whole fish and finally the turkey. After initially declining David's offer of more Brussels sprouts she reluctantly accepts as it's a competition between him and Hugo as to who eats more sprouts, David or the guest (representing Hugo), she gives Hugo his first win against his father in any competition. Now completely full up she crawls to Alice's house and in vain tries to get Alice and her family to offer her just a cup of tea by telling a fictionalised version of the events she's been through. Mrs Tinker serves her balls of stuffing as a starter and then a main course. After the third meal the vicar gets a cab home (which is just opposite Alice's). Newitt then arrives offering her the fourth lunch and she reluctantly goes with him where he serves a large selection of food including tripe, all of which is offered to her as Newitt has a stomach upset. The vicar is finally given a lift home in the bucket of his tractor.

text: Whilst at home resting from all the food she has consumed Tristian Campbell (Peter Capaldi), the producer who did Songs of Praise in Dibley knocks at Granger's door. He asks her "will you marry me?" which she mistakes as a marriage proposal and says yes, he leaves with both of them happy but he returns with his fiancée Aoife (Orla Brady) and Granger realises Campbell meant he wanted her to conduct the ceremony and not be the bride. A while later the villagers she had lunches with – apart from Mrs and Mary Tinker – arrive at the vicarage to play charades. Hugo gives a speech culminating in a toast to the vicar who is suffering with indigestion in her toilet.

text: Cultural references[edit]

text: The vicar tells Alice that for Christmas she is most looking forward to seeing Jurassic Park and The Queen's Christmas Message (Elizabeth II in this instance); the former is also mentioned by Hugo who feels sorry for people who are lonely and watch it as entertainment over Christmas.[3] Alice tells the vicar that Only Fools and Horses is more entertaining than the story of Jesus' birth as the latter lacks comedy, adding "that Rodney, what a plonker". Jim tells the vicar a knock-knock joke where the punchline is Doctor Who. During the sprout eating contest Hugo introduces the vicar and his father in the style of John Anderson on Gladiators. During charades Alice holds up two jars believing she is acting out a film called Jars, the others realise she is meant to be doing Jaws.[4]

text: Reception[edit]

text: In 2014 television critics for the Radio Times listed their top ten Christmas television moments, the episode came in seventh place.[5][6]


document_title: List of Chief Ministers of Jammu and Kashmir

question_text: who is the chief minister of jammu and kashmir 2013

text: Colour key for parties[edit]

text: Prime Ministers of Jammu and Kashmir[edit]

text:
No

Name

Term[2](tenure length)

Party[a]

1

Mehr Chand Mahajan

15 October 1947 – 5 March 1948(142 days)

2

Sheikh Abdullah

5 March 1948 – 9 August 1953(5 years, 157 days)

National Conference

3

Bakshi Ghulam MohammadMLA for Safa Kadal

9 August 1953 – 12 October 1963(10 years, 64 days)

4

Khwaja ShamsuddinMLA for Anantnag

12 October 1963 – 29 February 1964(140 days)

5

Ghulam Mohammed SadiqMLA for Tankipura

29 February 1964 – 30 March 1965(1 year, 30 days)

Indian National Congress

tag: table

text: Chief Ministers of Jammu and Kashmir[edit]

text:
No[b]

Name

Term[2](tenure length)

Party[a]

1

Ghulam Mohammed SadiqMLA for Amirakadal

30 March 1965 – 12 December 1971(6 years, 257 days)

Indian National Congress

2

Syed Mir QasimMLA for Verinag

12 December 1971 – 25 February 1975(3 years, 75 days

3

Sheikh Abdullah

25 February 1975 – 26 March 1977(2 years, 29 days)

National Conference

–

Vacant(Governor's rule)

26 March – 9 July 1977(105 days)

N/A

(3)

Sheikh Abdullah [2]MLA for Ganderbal

9 July 1977 – 8 September 1982(5 years, 61 days)

National Conference

4

Farooq AbdullahMLA for Ganderbal

8 September 1982 – 2 July 1984(1 year, 298 days)

5

Ghulam Mohammad Shah

2 July 1984 – 6 March 1986(1 year, 247 days)

Awami National Conference

–

Vacant(Governor's rule)

6 March – 7 November 1986(246 days)

N/A

(4)

Farooq Abdullah [2]MLA for Ganderbal

7 November 1986 – 19 January 1990(3 years, 73 days)

National Conference

–

Vacant(Governor's rule)

19 January 1990 – 9 October 1996(6 years, 264 days)

N/A

(4)

Farooq Abdullah [3]MLA for Ganderbal

9 October 1996 – 18 October 2002(6 years, 9 days)

National Conference

–

Vacant(Governor's rule)

18 October – 2 November 2002(15 days)

N/A

6

Mufti Mohammad SayeedMLA for Pahalgam

2 November 2002 – 2 November 2005(3 years, 0 days)

People's Democratic Party

7

Ghulam Nabi AzadMLA for Bhaderwah

2 November 2005 – 11 July 2008(2 years, 252 days)

Indian National Congress

–

Vacant(Governor's rule)

11 July 2008 – 5 January 2009(178 days)

N/A

8

Omar AbdullahMLA for Ganderbal

5 January 2009 – 8 January 2015(6 years, 3 days)

National Conference

–

Vacant[3](Governor's rule)

8 January 2015 – 1 March 2015(52 days)

N/A

(6)

Mufti Mohammad Sayeed [2]MLA for Anantnag

1  March 2015 – 7 January 2016(312 days)

People's Democratic Party

–

Vacant(Governor's rule)

7 January 2016 – 4 April 2016(88 days)

N/A

9

Mehbooba MuftiMLA for Anantnag

4 April 2016 – 20 June 2018(2 years, 77 days)

People's Democratic Party

–

Vacant[4](Governor's rule)

20 June 2018 – Present(128 days)

N/A


document_title: That '70s Show

question_text: who wrote the theme song for that 70's show

question_tokens: who wrote the theme song for that 70 's show

text: That '70s Show

text: Cast[edit]

text: Teens[edit]

text:
Topher Grace as Eric Forman (seasons 1–7; uncredited special guest season 8): Eric is a nice guy, geeky, physically slight and somewhat clumsy. He is a smart-aleck with a fast wit and a deadpan sense of humor. He convinces his parents to let his best friend Steven Hyde move in with them, making Hyde like a brother. His father, Red, is always hard on him. For seven seasons Eric is in a relationship with his longtime love and neighbor Donna Pinciotti. He decides to become a teacher after high school and he leaves the series at the end of the seventh season to teach in Africa. Although mentioned in every episode, he does not appear during the final season until the end of the series finale.
Mila Kunis as Jackie Burkhart: The youngest member of the group, Jackie starts the series as the pretty, spoiled rich, selfish, often times annoying immature girl. She likes to give thoughtless and superficial advice, which occasionally turns out to be correct. As the series progresses she becomes more genuine, after her father, a crooked politician, goes to jail and her fortunes take a reversal. Partly as a result of these changes, Donna and she become better friends. By the end of the series, Jackie had dated three of the four males of the group: Kelso, Hyde and Fez.
Ashton Kutcher as Michael Kelso (seasons 1–7; special guest season 8): The dumb pretty boy of the group wants to coast through life on his good looks. Often referred to as "The King" in many episodes, he spends the first half of the series in a relationship with the equally vapid Jackie, but their relationship comes to an end when Laurie (Eric's older sister) reveals their affairs to Jackie. He fathers a baby girl named Betsy from a librarian named Brooke during the seventh season. He becomes a police officer but gets kicked off the force because he does just about everything wrong. He gets a job as a security guard at a Playboy Club in Chicago and leaves the series during the eighth and final season. Kelso, along with Eric, returns for the series finale.
Danny Masterson as Steven Hyde: Eric's best friend and the anti-establishment member of the group. By the end of season one, the Formans allow Hyde to move in after he was abandoned by his mother, making him a foster brother to Eric. Hyde has a witty, blunt and sarcastic sense of humor and a rebellious personality. He is also smart and the other group members often ask for his advice. Although Hyde dates Jackie for three seasons, in the final season he marries an exotic dancer named Samantha. Hyde later discovers Samantha was married to another man when she married him. As Donna points out in "My Fairy King", that means Hyde and Samantha are not legally married. In the seventh season, Hyde meets his biological father (William Barnett, played by Tim Reid), a wealthy black businessman (making Hyde, who was presumed white, biracial). Barnett, who owns a chain of record stores, makes Hyde first an office worker, then a manager and later the owner of the Point Place record store. He also previously worked for Leo in a Photo Hut earlier in the series.
Laura Prepon as Donna Pinciotti: Eric's longtime girlfriend (and briefly fiancée). Donna is tall, intelligent, good-looking. Although she does not agree with what Jackie represents in the beginning of the series, they become friends. Donna is in a relationship with Eric for seven seasons (despite their break-up during season 4). She has brief romances with Casey, Michael's brother and Randy during the final season and quickly ends it. She rekindles her relationship with Eric at the end of the show's finale.
Wilmer Valderrama as Fez: The horny foreign exchange student of the group whose hormones are usually out of control. His country of origin is never named. He enjoys eating candy, drinking beer and looking at pornography. He constantly flirts with Jackie and Donna and often makes romantic advances toward them. Initially, he has trouble getting attention from girls, but during the eighth season he becomes a ladies' man. He is in love with Jackie throughout the series but his love is not reciprocated until the eighth season when they become a couple.
Josh Meyers as Randy Pearson (season 8): Hyde's employee at the record store. He is introduced in the final season. Randy appears laid back, gentle, polite and a ladies' man, although many of his flaws surface later, encompassing parts of the departed Kelso and Eric's personalities and other attributes. Tall (like Kelso), he tends to spout witty one-liners (like Eric), and makes silly voices. He forms a friendship with Red after showing Red how good he is at fixing things. While Hyde, Jackie, Donna and Kelso embrace him as a new member of their group, Fez initially does not, but soon warms up to him. Randy dates Donna for the majority of season eight, but she later breaks up with him. The two end on good terms and remain friends. He makes a brief appearance in the series finale.

text: Adults[edit]

text:
Debra Jo Rupp as Kitty Forman: Red's wife and mother of Eric and Laurie, and Hyde's informally adoptive mother, Kitty is a cheerful, doting mother, but can also be assertive when pushed. A  nurse by profession, she drinks heavily and is a former smoker. Her major mood swings are usually attributed to menopause, although the lack of affection and attention from her daughter (Laurie) and her mother (Bea) is also partly to blame. She is also a nurturing mother figure to Eric's rather dysfunctional friends, especially Fez.
Kurtwood Smith as Red Forman: Kitty's husband, father of Eric and Laurie, and Hyde's adoptive father. A conservative Navy combat veteran, he served in World War II and the Korean War. Despite his mean exterior, Red also displays a soft side. His hobbies include working with his power tools, drinking beer, watching television, reading the newspaper, hunting and fishing.
Lisa Robin Kelly (seasons 2–3; recurring season 1; special appearance season 5) and Christina Moore (recurring season 6) as Laurie Forman: Eric's attractive but promiscuous, manipulative and dishonest older sister. She flunked out of college during the first season and moves back home with her parents. Laurie enjoys tormenting Eric and manipulating her parents. She is promiscuous, often seen with various men, mainly Eric's friend Kelso, who cheats on his girlfriend Jackie. Eric, Hyde and Donna often mock her promiscuity. She also has a strained relationship with her mother who thinks of her as a freeloader. She leaves the series during the third season, but returns in a recurring role during the fifth. In season five, she marries Fez to prevent him from getting deported. She leaves the series again during season 6 and is never seen again. During the seventh season, she is mentioned as having moved to Canada, where, as Eric puts it drolly, "bottomless dancing is legal".
Tanya Roberts as Midge Pinciotti (seasons 1–3; special guest appearance seasons 6–7): Bob's wife, Donna's mother, and Kitty's best friend, Midge is the sexy neighborhood mom about whom Eric and his male friends fantasized when coming of age. Although often dim-witted, she later adopts some feminist ideals. She is written out of the series in 2001 after the third season after leaving Bob and moving to California. She returns during the sixth and seventh seasons in a limited recurring role. She is temporarily replaced in Bob's heart by the aggressive, assertive Joanne (played by Mo Gaffney), tall like Midge but not as pretty. She and Bob meet in a supermarket. Red and Joanne almost immediately take a mutual dislike to each other.
Don Stark as Bob Pinciotti: Midge's husband and Donna's father. Bob often brags about his service in the National Guard, which invariably irritates Red, a veteran of foreign wars. Bob is known for walking around his house with his robe wide open and no underwear. He eats constantly, even in bed. Bob is almost always in a good mood and is a ladies' man. His best friend is Red, who usually considers him to be a nuisance. He usually takes the brunt of Red's abuse in a jolly manner.
Tommy Chong as Leo (seasons 4 & 8; special guest seasons 2–3 & 7): A hippie, and the owner of a Foto Hut at which Hyde once worked, Leo is an Army veteran who served in World War II, where he was awarded a Purple Heart. Leo often puts play before work and maintains an easy-going attitude in most things, business included. He disappears from the series after season four, but is later referenced in season five's "The Battle of Evermore" when the gang goes on a mission to find him, but with no luck. He returns in season seven and remains on the series until the show's end. In Season 8, he gets a new job working for Hyde at Grooves.

text: Episodes[edit]

text: Timeline[edit]

text: This section does not cite any sources. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (November 2013) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

text: The creators had wanted the show to have a 1970s "feel" from the beginning, so opted to set the series later in the decade, when trends and political ideologies had become firmly established and disseminated. The idea that the duration of the series would carry sociopolitical undertones also necessitated a chain of social events which could influence the characters. Thus, 1976 was chosen, which allowed episodes set within a short time frame to address streaking, the sexual revolution, the Equal Rights Amendment, the 1973 oil crisis, and the presidencies of Richard Nixon and Gerald Ford, all of which were culturally influential events that occurred in the earlier years of the 1970s. The shift to 1977 during the last half of the first season also allowed the inclusion of the first Star Wars movie, which premiered in May 1977.

text: Throughout the first two seasons, episodes opened with title cards showing the season/month and year (example: Late Spring, 1977 or June 1977). These, however, were largely abandoned after season 2, with few subsequent episodes using them. However, they were used again in the final episode, showing "December 31, 1979 10:45 a.m." From the premiere onward, the episode's year could be determined by the registration tags on Eric's Vista Cruiser at the end of the opening and closing credits. The final episode's closing credits showed an "80" year tag.

text: The show was set in May 1976 in the August 23, 1998 premiere. After 12 episodes, the series transitioned to 1977. The 23rd episode, "Grandma's Dead", was also set in 1976, because it was supposed to be the season finale of season 1. The show remained in 1977 for the next two seasons. Near the end of the third season, the series transitioned to 1978 until early in the sixth season. The remaining episodes took place in 1979, and the series finale abruptly ends during a New Year's Eve party as the characters reach "one" during a countdown to January 1, 1980.

text: The show's unexpected longevity (it was the only series to debut on Fox in 1998 to survive cancellation) combined with the first season jump to 1977 necessitated a slow-down of the series' timeline. Over time, this proved problematic from a narrative standpoint, as nearly every year featured a Thanksgiving and/or Christmas episode, and the teen-aged actors playing high-school student characters all aged into their mid-20s by the time their characters graduated from high school after five seasons (except Mila Kunis, who was not quite 20). As the series timeline sped up and slowed down with more rapidity near the series' climax, the timeline necessitated that several major events depicted as having occurred months apart would have in fact happened within weeks or even days of one another.

text: The timeline issues experienced on the show were not unprecedented, as other period-specific TV series have had similar issues. Most notably, M*A*S*H aired for 11 seasons despite the Korean War only lasting three years. Additionally, many TV series over the years that take place in the present time have characters age faster than normal while other characters age naturally.

text: Eighth season and series finale[edit]

text: The character of Eric Forman was written out of the series at the end of the seventh season, as Topher Grace wanted to move on with his career.[2] Ashton Kutcher switched to a recurring guest role when he also chose to depart following the seventh season.[2] However, Kelso had not been written out yet, so to give better closure to the character, Kutcher appeared in the first four episodes of the eighth season (credited as a special guest star) and later returned for the finale. Tommy Chong (who began reappearing by late season 7 after a long absence) became a regular again to help fill Kelso's role as the dimwit of the group. Eric was originally supposed to be replaced by his new friend Charlie, played by Bret Harrison, as an "innocent character", who proved fairly popular with audiences, but the character was killed off after Harrison was offered a lead role in the series The Loop.[3] Another new character named Randy Pearson, played by Josh Meyers, was introduced to take the place of both Eric and, to a lesser extent, Charlie.[4] Another new character, Samantha, a stripper played by Jud Tylor, was added as Hyde's wife for nine episodes. The location of the show's introductory theme song was changed from the Vista Cruiser to the circle. Both Eric and Kelso returned for the series' final episode, although Topher Grace was uncredited.

text: The eighth season was announced as the final season of the show on January 17, 2006,[5] and "That '70s Finale" was filmed a month later on February 17, 2006, first airing on May 18, 2006.[6]

text: Production[edit]

text: Title[edit]

text: The working titles for the show were Teenage Wasteland (named after the lyric from "Baba O'Riley" by The Who), The Kids Are Alright (named after another song by The Who), Feelin' All Right, and Reeling in the Years (named after the song by Steely Dan). However, due to the denials of these three songs from the 1970s (including The Who's Pete Townshend's denial of using his two songs for each of the two titles), and Fox Network's decision that Feelin' All Right was not too memorable, co-creator Bonnie Turner suggested that the show should be titled That '70s Show, which ultimately became the official title for the show.[7]

text: Opening[edit]

text: Theme song[edit]

text: The show usually opens with the theme song, "In the Street", written by Alex Chilton and Chris Bell of the band Big Star. The original version of the song appeared on Big Star's 1972 debut album #1 Record. In 2000, Chilton confirmed that he was paid $70 in royalties each time the show aired, an amount he thought ironic, given the show's title.[8]

text: Big Star's original version of the song was not used on the show. Instead, a cover version sung by Todd Griffin was used as the theme song for the show's first season. Beginning in the second season, the theme song was performed by the band Cheap Trick. Unlike previous versions of the song, Cheap Trick ended the song with the repeated phrase "We're all alright!" quoting the ending of their 1978 hit song "Surrender".[9]

text: Both versions of the song (Todd Griffin and Cheap Trick) used on the show end with somebody yelling "Hello, Wisconsin!" In Griffin's version, Masterson is the one yelling "Hello, Wisconsin!"[10] while it is unknown who yells it in Cheap Trick's version during the opening. On the soundtrack, That '70s Album (Rockin'), Cheap Trick's lead singer Robin Zander yells "Hello, Wisconsin!"[11] Alternate holiday versions of the theme song were arranged for Halloween and Christmas specials, using organ music and bells, respectively.

text: Opening credits[edit]

text: Opening credits for seasons 1–7 showed members of the cast driving in Eric's car singing the theme song together. At the conclusion of the opening, a shot of a 1970s-style Wisconsin license plate (black letters/numbers on a yellow background) is seen, showing the year in which the episode was taking place in the bottom right corner. During the first season's opening, a single shot of the group is used; beginning with season 2, numerous alternating shots were used of the cast in various groupings (including the adult cast members, who had not appeared in the first season's opening).

text: After Topher Grace and Ashton Kutcher left the series, the opening credits were reworked for season 8 to feature close-up shots of each of the actors singing (or mouthing) a line of the theme song in the Circle (for example, Mila Kunis "Hanging Out...;" Danny Masterson "Down the Street"). The only actors to not say or do anything in the new opening credits were Kurtwood Smith and Tommy Chong, with the exception of the first episode of season 8, when Chong sings the last "We're all alright". Smith looks at the camera frowning and rolls his eyes. Chong looks around the room, confused as he hears "Hello, Wisconsin!" The final episode omits most of the opening sequence and instead only shows the license plate shot.

text: Elements of the show[edit]

text: The 1970s[edit]

text: This section  possibly contains original research. Please improve it by verifying the claims made and adding inline citations. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed. (November 2015) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

text: The show addressed social issues of the 1970s such as sexism, sexual attitudes, generational conflict, the economic hardships of the 1970s recession, mistrust of the American government by blue-collar workers, and underage drinking, including teenage drug use. The series also highlighted developments in the entertainment industry, including the television remote ("the clicker"), reruns, VCR, and cable TV; the video games Pong and Space Invaders; the cassette tape and Disco; MAD magazine; and Eric's obsession with Star Wars.[12] The show has been compared to Happy Days, which was similarly set 20 years before the time in which it aired.[13]

text: Beginning with the second season, the show focused less on the sociopolitical aspects of the story. For example, the dynamic of the relationship between Eric and Donna was altered in later seasons to more closely resemble the relationships of other "power couples" on teen dramas. Likewise, the first season of the show featured a recurring, more dramatic storyline in which the Formans were in danger of losing their home due to Red's hours being cut back at the auto parts plant where he worked. Storylines in later seasons were generally presented more comically and less dramatically.

text: The show also featured guest-starring actors from 1970s TV shows, such as Mary Tyler Moore, Valerie Harper and Betty White (The Mary Tyler Moore Show), Tom Poston and Jack Riley (The Bob Newhart Show), Pamela Sue Martin (The Hardy Boys/Nancy Drew Mysteries), Tim Reid and Howard Hesseman (WKRP in Cincinnati), Eve Plumb, Barry Williams and Christopher Knight (The Brady Bunch), Tom Bosley and Marion Ross (Happy Days), Monty Hall (Let's Make A Deal), Gavin MacLeod (The Love Boat and The Mary Tyler Moore Show), Don Knotts, Richard Kline and Jenilee Harrison (Three's Company), and Danny Bonaduce and Shirley Jones (The Partridge Family). Series recurring cast member Tanya Roberts also starred in a popular show in the 1970s (Charlie's Angels).

text: Beginning with season 5, each episode in the series is named after a song by a rock band that was famous in the 1970s: Led Zeppelin (season 5), The Who (Season 6), The Rolling Stones (season 7), and Queen (season 8, except for the finale, titled "That '70s Finale").[14]

text: Split screens[edit]

text: One device in the show is to present a split screen in which two pairs of characters speak. One character is usually seeking advice on a problem with a character in the second pairing and the other character advises them. Although the conversations appear to mirror each other, notable differences often occur. It is most often used by the couples of the show, with each member of the couple being advised on the relationship. For example, in the episode "Who Wants It More?", Donna and Eric tell Jackie and Hyde that they have been holding out on each other sexually for three days and that maybe they should cave. Both Jackie and Hyde tell Donna and Eric not to cave or the "caver" will be owned by the other.

text: Dream sequences[edit]

text: The show includes character daydream sequences, some of which refer to or parody fads and films of the time, such as Star Wars, Rocky, and Grease.

text: The character picturing the dream sometimes also narrates it, but regardless, the other characters present see the same dream. In the episode "Stone Cold Crazy", Jackie mentioned she liked the song playing in Fez's dream sequence. The sequences are usually introduced by a wobbling screen transition. Sometimes, the transition is absent when the characters who imagine the scene believe they are real (for example, Eric's dream about Donna in "Eric's Birthday" or Jackie's dream about Hyde proposing in "It's All Over Now").

text: In the 100th episode, "That '70s Musical", all singing scenes were Fez's dream sequences.

text: The circle[edit]

text: In the circle, a group of characters, usually the teenagers, sit in a circle (generally in Eric's basement, though occasionally elsewhere), as the camera pans, stopping at each character as he or she speaks. It was usually apparent that the characters are under the influence of marijuana. Thick clouds of smoke, frequent coughing and an extreme wide-angle lens added to the "drug-induced" feel, although the audience never saw anyone actually smoking the drug. Also, no visible drug-related paraphernalia were seen, such as bongs or joint papers. Characters never spoke the word "marijuana" while in the circle (except in one episode "Reefer Madness"), often referring to it as "stuff" or a "stash". In the episode "Bye-Bye Basement", Theo (Leo's cousin) refers to "weed"; in "The Relapse", Kelso tells Fez that the concrete wall behind the gym is used mostly for "smoking weed and beating up freshmen;" in "Ski Trip" Kitty asks Eric why he is taking so much oregano to Jackie's ski lodge; in "Eric's Burger Job", Kelso blames his "roach clip" when the water bed pops on which he is sitting at a party; in two episodes ("That Wrestling Show" and "Hyde Moves In") Eric and Hyde can be seen wearing shirts with the words "Cannabis Sativa" written on a Campbell's soup can; and in "The Pill" Red, referring to Kelso, exclaims, "That kid's on dope!" A gimmick related to the circle and the marijuana smoking was Eric watching the kitchen wall moving erratically, although this technique was also used to show that Eric was drunk.

text: As the series progressed, the circle became one of the series' recurring features. The only four episodes where the whole gang is in the circle are "Class Picture", "I'm A Boy", "Substitute", and in the series finale. During the eighth and final season, the circle sans smoke replaced the Vista Cruiser as the setting of the opening credits.

text: The stupid helmet[edit]

text: The stupid helmet refers to a replica of a Green Bay Packers helmet that a character is forced to wear after having done or said something deemed stupid by the rest of the gang. Eric had to wear it when he said he wanted to propose to Donna and Fez wore it when he started banging his head on the table after trying to help Kelso keep Jackie. The helmet can be seen in the Forman basement on a shelf behind the cast. When the series concluded in 2006, the last one up the staircase had to call Red a "dumbass", something he always called the kids. Since Kelso was the last one up, he grabbed the helmet.

text: The water tower[edit]

text: In many episodes, the teenaged characters often hang out on a local water tower. At the end of several water tower segments, at least one character falls off (usually Kelso). When Charlie Richardson (played by Bret Harrison) fell off and died in season 8, the water tower was renamed in his honor.

text: After Charlie's death, Kelso fell off again, but survived, leading him to believe he was "invincible". In the "Water Tower episode", the gang painted a marijuana leaf on the tower, but it looked more like a green hand giving the finger. In the episode "The Immigrant Song (a.k.a. Fez Gets Busted)" Kelso paints Jackie and his names on the tower to annoy Hyde just before falling and ending up in the hospital. During this episode, Fez paints his manhood on the tower but only gets as far as drawing a circle when the police arrive to arrest him. Kelso was known to fall off the water tower once in every grade since middle school. Jackie and Fez share their first official kiss on the tower in the show's finale.

text: Scene transitions[edit]

text: In the first season, scene transitions (also known as bumpers) consisted of animated smiley buttons[15] or still images of faces from the 1970s with only the mouth moving using Syncro-Vox, usually yelling, in a rock form, "Yeahhh!" or something similar (ex. Farrah Fawcett saying "Yeah!" or Richard Nixon saying "Are you ready to rock and roll?") The smiley buttons were removed for re-runs and home video, replaced with flowers likewise exploding, replicating, deflating or bouncing around. Sometimes they would be visuals of lava lamps with the show's logo plummeting to the bottom of the screen in front of it.

text: Beginning in season 2, transitions featured the characters doing something in front of a colorful, psychedelic, lava lamp-like background. These transitions featured the most prominent characters of the episode usually dancing, falling or making facial expressions. The music accompanying these colorful sequences would match the tone of the episode and characters.

text: By the show's final season, new transitions were created to accommodate cast changes (e.g. Donna's hair color, Leo continuing as a series regular and the insertion of Randy).

text: "Nobody's Fault But Mine (2)" is the only episode where Laurie Forman is featured in a transition. Tanya Roberts is the only regular actor not to be featured in a transition.

text: The Vista Cruiser[edit]

text: Many of the show's episodes featured Eric and the rest of the kids in or around Eric's "Aztec Gold" 1969 Oldsmobile Vista Cruiser, handed down to Eric by Red. For the first seven seasons of the show, the show's introduction showed the cast inside the Vista Cruiser.

text: The show's pronunciation of "Vista Cruiser", with emphasis on "Cruiser" conflicted with the pronunciation of author George Plimpton in the Oldsmobile television advertisement for the 1969 Vista Cruiser, where he pronounced the two words with the emphasis on "Vista".[16]

text: That particular station wagon was bought by Wilmer Valderrama at the show's conclusion from Carsey-Werner for US$500.[17]

text: In August 2009, the show's Vista Cruiser was named third-greatest television car ever by MSN Autos.[18]

text: Running gags and catchphrases[edit]

text: This section  possibly contains original research. Please improve it by verifying the claims made and adding inline citations. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed. (August 2017) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

text: In one of the show's major running gags, Red often threatens to punish Eric with many variations of catchphrase, "kicking your ass". For example, in "Kitty and Eric's Night Out", Red mistakenly thinks Eric offended Kitty, so Red says, "I swear I'll kick his ass!" In "Eric's Hot Cousin", Eric tries to get out of something by claiming he's sleepwalking and Red says, "And I'm about to be sleep-kicking your ass", and, in "Prank Day", when Red gets covered in oatmeal, Eric tries to explain that it was just a prank that had gone "horribly, horribly wrong" Red says, "Well, I have a prank, too. One where my foot doesn't plow through your ass. Let's hope it doesn't go horribly, horribly wrong!" Several of the running gags were shown in edited clips for the series finale.

text: Some other notable running gags and catchphrases are:

text:
Red's favorite insult is "dumbass", the origin of which is revealed in "Halloween". Ironically, Eric is the first character to say "dumbass" in "Eric's Burger Job" (season 1 episode 5). The insult is adopted by the whole gang and even occasionally by Kitty. Red regularly comes up with new choice insults such as "kettlehead" (which refers to Kelso).
Fez's country of origin is never revealed. Sometimes, Fez is about to disclose where he is from, or at least hint at it, but something happens to prevent him from doing so, like someone entering the room as seen in "Stolen Car", or Fez rambling in "Love of My Life".[19]
Fez's real name was also never revealed. Even Fez stood for FES, Foreign Exchange Student.[20][21] Red often calls Fez by some exotic foreign name when he is speaking directly to him.
Someone, usually Kelso, falls off the Water Tower.[22]
The word "burn", a term used by a character after something bad or offensive happens at another character's expense, although it is more often used by Kelso. According to Kelso in "Dine and Dash", a good burn consists of two elements: "You didn't see it coming; parts of it really hurt."
Hyde would usually give Kelso a punch in the arm for either his stupidity or bad behavior.
Kelso yells "Ow, my eye!" when Hyde rough-houses with him. For example, in the episode "Class Picture", a series of flashbacks feature Hyde beating up Kelso. While the two are out of the immediate sight of the audience, Kelso yells, "Ow, my eye!" and the scene cuts to the next flashback. This gag is repeated several times throughout the series, although the only time Kelso appears with an injured eye is in "Jackie's Cheese Squeeze" after he was punched by Todd, Jackie's manager. On that occasion, Kelso did not yell, "Ow, my eye!"[23]
Fez uses the phrase "Good day", followed by another cast member saying, "But Fez..." and Fez immediately interrupts with an exclamatory, "I said good day!" In some instances, the words vary, but the interaction is the same.
Eric has a never-ending streak of quoting Star Wars. In several episodes, he relates things to Star Wars, or quotes the film. In times of trouble, he brings a toy light saber and his going-away present from Donna was her dressing up as Princess Leia.
Everyone who calls Eric's action figures "dolls" is always loudly corrected by Eric: "They're action figures!"
Kitty often uses alcohol or her use is mentioned, particularly after she starts menopause during the fifth season.
Fez's sex life or usually lack thereof. Often Fez accidentally reveals some perverse behavior he performed, like hiding in Donna's room.[24]
The best thing to do or the best solution can be found by "The Circle".[25]
Eric's attempted "secret" money stash locations are known by everyone.[26][27]
Guest stars from 1970s sitcoms would often have an inside joke referring to their earlier series.
Kitty will often laugh in situations she finds awkward.

text: British remake[edit]

text: In 1999, the show was remade by the ITV network in the United Kingdom as Days Like These using almost verbatim scripts with minor changes to cultural references.[28]

text: Merchandise[edit]

text: Home media[edit]

text: That '70s Show was released on DVD in Regions 1, 2 and 4 by 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment at an increment of two seasons per year between 2004 and 2008 and a complete series release on October 14, 2008. Mill Creek Entertainment released all eight seasons between 2011 and '13 and released a complete series set on May 14, 2013. On March 6, 2012, Mill Creek released the first season on Blu-ray and season two on October 16, 2012. On November 3, 2015, Mill Creek Entertainment released That '70s Show The Complete Series on Blu-ray 1080p, featuring all 200 episodes from the series, presented digitally remastered in High Definition from the original film negatives for optimum sound and video quality and for superior home entertainment Blu-ray presentation with remastered 5.1 DTS-HD Master Audio surround sound and 1.78:1 widescreen aspect ratio.[29]

text: Soundtracks[edit]

text: Several prominent songs from the decade can be heard on the series, and two soundtracks were released in 1999. The first is a collection of funk, soul, and disco, called That '70s Album (Jammin'). The second is a collection of album-oriented rock songs, called That '70s Album (Rockin'). AllMusic gave both albums 3 out of 5 stars in their reviews.[30][31]

text: Reception[edit]

text: American ratings[edit]

text: Over the course of its run, the series was a consistent performer for Fox, becoming one of their flagship shows. Its eight seasons, consisting of 200 episodes, made it Fox's second-longest-running live-action sitcom ever behind Married... with Children, though That '70s Show did not have the same ratings success.

text:
Season
Episodes
Timeslot
Premiere
Season finale
Rank
Viewers(in millions)

1
1998–99
25
Sunday 8:30
August 23, 1998
July 26, 1999
49[32]
11.7

2
1999–2000
26
Tuesday 8:30
September 28, 1999
May 22, 2000
86[33]
9.0

3
2000–01
25
Tuesday 8:00
October 3, 2000
May 22, 2001
65[34]
10.8

4
2001–02
27
September 25, 2001
May 21, 2002
67[35]
9.1

5
2002–03
25
Tuesday 8:00 (2002)Wednesday 8:00 (2003)
September 17, 2002
May 14, 2003
52[36]
10.4

6
2003–04
25
Wednesday 8:00
October 29, 2003
May 19, 2004
49[37]
10.0

7
2004–05
25
September 8, 2004
May 18, 2005
85[38]
7.0

8
2005–06
22
Wednesday 8:00 (2005)Thursday 8:00 (2006)
November 2, 2005
May 18, 2006
103[39]
5.8

text: Awards[edit]

text: Over the course of its run, the series was nominated for a substantial number of awards, including 16 Primetime Emmy Awards. The only win for the series at this event came in 1999, when Melina Root was awarded the Emmy for Outstanding Costume Design for a Series for "That Disco Episode". Additionally, the show was nominated for a large number of Teen Choice Awards, with both Ashton Kutcher and Wilmer Valderrama winning on three occasions.


document_title: 2014 FIFA World Cup statistics

question_text: who scored the most goals in 2014 world cup

text: 2014 FIFA World Cup statistics

text: Goalscorers[edit]

text: The winner of the Golden Boot was James Rodríguez.

text: James Rodríguez

text: Thomas Müller

text:
Lionel Messi
 Neymar
 Robin van Persie

text:
Enner Valencia
 Karim Benzema
 André Schürrle
 Arjen Robben
 Xherdan Shaqiri

text:
Abdelmoumene Djabou
 Islam Slimani
 Tim Cahill
 David Luiz
 Oscar
 Alexis Sánchez
 Jackson Martínez
 Bryan Ruiz
 Mario Mandžukić
 Ivan Perišić
 Mario Götze
 Mats Hummels
 Miroslav Klose
 Toni Kroos
 André Ayew
 Asamoah Gyan
 Wilfried Bony
 Gervinho
 Memphis Depay
 Ahmed Musa
 Clint Dempsey
 Luis Suárez

text:
Yacine Brahimi
 Sofiane Feghouli
 Rafik Halliche
 Ángel Di María
 Gonzalo Higuaín
 Marcos Rojo
 Mile Jedinak
 Kevin De Bruyne
 Marouane Fellaini
 Romelu Lukaku
 Dries Mertens
 Divock Origi
 Jan Vertonghen
 Edin Džeko
 Vedad Ibišević
 Miralem Pjanić
 Avdija Vršajević
 Fernandinho
 Fred
 Thiago Silva
 Joël Matip
 Charles Aránguiz
 Jean Beausejour
 Jorge Valdivia
 Eduardo Vargas
 Pablo Armero
 Juan Cuadrado
 Teófilo Gutiérrez
 Juan Quintero
 Joel Campbell
 Óscar Duarte
 Marco Ureña
 Ivica Olić
 Wayne Rooney
 Daniel Sturridge
 Olivier Giroud
 Blaise Matuidi
 Paul Pogba
 Moussa Sissoko
 Mathieu Valbuena
 Sami Khedira
 Mesut Özil
 Sokratis Papastathopoulos
 Georgios Samaras
 Andreas Samaris
 Carlo Costly
 Reza Ghoochannejhad
 Mario Balotelli
 Claudio Marchisio
 Keisuke Honda
 Shinji Okazaki
 Giovani dos Santos
 Andrés Guardado
 Javier Hernández
 Rafael Márquez
 Oribe Peralta
 Daley Blind
 Stefan de Vrij
 Leroy Fer
 Klaas-Jan Huntelaar
 Wesley Sneijder
 Georginio Wijnaldum
 Peter Odemwingie
 Cristiano Ronaldo
 Nani
 Silvestre Varela
 Aleksandr Kerzhakov
 Aleksandr Kokorin
 Koo Ja-cheol
 Lee Keun-ho
 Son Heung-min
 Xabi Alonso
 Juan Mata
 Fernando Torres
 David Villa
 Blerim Džemaili
 Admir Mehmedi
 Haris Seferović
 Granit Xhaka
 John Brooks
 Julian Green
 Jermaine Jones
 Edinson Cavani
 Diego Godín

text:
Sead Kolašinac (against Argentina)
 Marcelo (against Croatia)
 John Boye (against Portugal)
 Noel Valladares (against France)
 Joseph Yobo (against France)

text: Source: FIFA[1]

text: Assists[edit]

text: Juan Cuadrado and Toni Kroos topped the assists table with four assists each during the tournament.

text: Toni Kroos

text:
André Schürrle
 Juan Cuadrado
 Karim Benzema

text:
Kevin De Bruyne
 Eden Hazard
 Alexis Sánchez
 Abel Aguilar
 James Rodríguez
 Christian Bolaños
 Walter Ayoví
 Mathieu Valbuena
 Philipp Lahm
 Thomas Müller
 Mesut Özil
 Serge Aurier
 Daley Blind
 Daryl Janmaat
 Josip Drmić
 Graham Zusi

text:
Yacine Brahimi
 Abdelmoumene Djabou
 Sofiane Feghouli
 Carl Medjani
 Islam Slimani
 Ángel Di María
 Ezequiel Garay
 Gonzalo Higuaín
 Lionel Messi
 Marcos Rojo
 Ryan McGowan
 Tommy Oar
 Romelu Lukaku
 Divock Origi
 Edin Džeko
 Senad Lulić
 Miralem Pjanić
 Tino-Sven Sušić
 Dante
 David Luiz
 Luiz Gustavo
 Marcelo
 Neymar
 Oscar
 Thiago Silva
 Allan Nyom
 Charles Aránguiz
 Mauricio Pinilla
 Jorge Valdivia
 Eduardo Vargas
 Teófilo Gutiérrez
 Adrián Ramos
 Joel Campbell
 Júnior Díaz
 Cristian Gamboa
 Eduardo
 Nikica Jelavić
 Ivan Perišić
 Danijel Pranjić
 Ivan Rakitić
 Juan Carlos Paredes
 Glen Johnson
 Wayne Rooney
 Mathieu Debuchy
 Paul Pogba
 Benedikt Höwedes
 Sami Khedira
 Kwadwo Asamoah
 John Boye
 Asamoah Gyan
 Sulley Muntari
 Theofanis Gekas
 Georgios Samaras
 Brayan Beckeles
 Javad Nekounam
 Antonio Candreva
 Andrea Pirlo
 Gervinho
 Keisuke Honda
 Yuto Nagatomo
 Giovani dos Santos
 Héctor Herrera
 Rafael Márquez
 Memphis Depay
 Klaas-Jan Huntelaar
 Arjen Robben
 Wesley Sneijder
 Michel Babatunde
 Emmanuel Emenike
 Cristiano Ronaldo
 Miguel Veloso
 Dmitri Kombarov
 Lee Keun-ho
 Yun Suk-young
 Cesc Fàbregas
 Andrés Iniesta
 Juanfran
 Gökhan Inler
 Admir Mehmedi
 Ricardo Rodríguez
 Michael Bradley
 Edinson Cavani
 Fernando Muslera
 Gastón Ramírez

text: Source: UEFA[2]

text: Scoring[edit]

text:
Total number of goals scored: 171
Average goals per match: 2.67
Total number of braces: 14
Karim Benzema, Toni Kroos, Mario Mandžukić, Jackson Martínez, Lionel Messi, Ahmed Musa, Neymar (2), Robin van Persie, Arjen Robben, James Rodríguez, André Schürrle, Luis Suárez, Enner Valencia
Total number of hat-tricks: 2
Thomas Müller, Xherdan Shaqiri
Total number of penalty kicks awarded: 13
Total number of penalty kicks scored: 12
Xabi Alonso, Karim Benzema, Edinson Cavani, Juan Cuadrado, Sofiane Feghouli, Klaas-Jan Huntelaar, Mile Jedinak, Thomas Müller, Neymar, Robin van Persie, James Rodríguez, Georgios Samaras
Total number of penalty kicks missed or saved: 1
Karim Benzema
Penalty kick success rate: 7001923100000000000♠92.31%
Own goals scored: 5
John Boye, Sead Kolašinac, Marcelo, Noel Valladares, Joseph Yobo

text:
First goal of the tournament: Marcelo (own goal) for Croatia against Brazil
First brace of the tournament: Neymar for Brazil against Croatia
First hat-trick of the tournament: Thomas Müller for Germany against Portugal
Last goal of the tournament: Mario Götze for Germany against Argentina
Last brace of the tournament: André Schürrle for Germany against Brazil
Last hat-trick of the tournament: Xherdan Shaqiri for Switzerland against Honduras
Fastest goal in a match from kickoff: 1st minute (0:30)
Clint Dempsey for United States - MS against Ghana
Fastest goal in a match after coming on as a substitute: 2 minutes
Marco Ureña for Costa Rica against Uruguay (introduced in the 83rd minute), Admir Mehmedi for Switzerland against Ecuador (introduced in the 46th minute), Miroslav Klose for Germany against Ghana (introduced in the 69th minute), Leroy Fer for Netherlands against Chile (introduced in the 75th minute), Julian Green for United States - MS against Belgium (introduced in the 105+2nd minute)
Latest goal in a match without extra time: 90+5th minute
Silvestre Varela for Portugal against United States - MS
Latest goal in a match with extra time: 120+1st minute
Abdelmoumene Djabou for Algeria against Germany
Latest winning goal in a match without extra time: 90+4th minute
Klaas-Jan Huntelaar for Netherlands against Mexico
Latest winning goal in a match with extra time: 118th minute
Ángel Di María for Argentina against Switzerland
Shortest time difference between two goals scored by the same team in a match: 2 minutes (1:06)
Olivier Giroud and Blaise Matuidi for France against Switzerland

text:
Most goals scored by a team: 18
Germany
Fewest goals scored by a team: 1
Cameroon, Honduras, Iran
Most goals conceded by a team: 14
Brazil
Fewest goals conceded by a team: 2
Costa Rica
Best goal difference: +14
Germany
Worst goal difference: -8
Cameroon
Most goals scored in a match by both teams: 8
Brazil 1–7 Germany
Most goals scored in a match by one team: 7
Germany against Brazil
Most goals scored in a match by the losing team: 2
Australia against Netherlands, Switzerland against France, South Korea against Algeria, Nigeria against Argentina
Biggest margin of victory: 6 goals
Brazil 1–7 Germany
Most clean sheets achieved by a team: 4
Argentina, Germany, Netherlands
Fewest clean sheets achieved by a team: 0
Algeria, Australia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Cameroon, Ghana, Honduras, Italy, Ivory Coast, Portugal, Russia, South Korea, United States
Most clean sheets given by an opposing team: 2
Argentina, Brazil, Cameroon, Costa Rica, France, Greece, Honduras, Iran, Italy, Netherlands, Nigeria
Fewest clean sheets given by an opposing team: 0
Algeria, Colombia, Croatia, Germany, Ghana, Ivory Coast
Most consecutive clean sheets achieved by a team: 3
Argentina, Netherlands
Most consecutive clean sheets given by an opposing team: 2
Argentina, Cameroon, Greece, Iran, Italy, Netherlands

text:
Most goals scored by an individual: 6
James Rodríguez
Most assists given by an individual: 4
Juan Cuadrado, Toni Kroos
Most goals and assists produced by an individual: 8
James Rodríguez (6 goals, 2 assists), Thomas Müller (5 goals, 3 assists)
Most clean sheets achieved by a goalkeeper: 4
Jasper Cillessen, Manuel Neuer, Sergio Romero
Fewest clean sheets achieved by a goalkeeper: 0
Igor Akinfeev, Boubacar Barry, Asmir Begović, Beto, Gianluigi Buffon, Iker Casillas, Fatau Dauda, Panagiotis Glykos, Joe Hart, Tim Howard, Charles Itandje, Jung Sung-ryong, Kim Seung-gyu, Adam Kwarasey, Raïs M'Bolhi, Rui Patrício, Mathew Ryan, Salvatore Sirigu, Noel Valladares
Most consecutive clean sheets achieved by a goalkeeper: 3
Jasper Cillessen, Sergio Romero
Most goals scored by one player in a match: 3
Thomas Müller for Germany against Portugal, Xherdan Shaqiri for Switzerland against Honduras
Oldest goal scorer: 37 years and 43 days[3]
Noel Valladares (own goal) for France against Honduras
Youngest goal scorer: 19 years and 25 days[3]
Julian Green for United States - MS against Belgium

text: Wins and losses[edit]

text:
Most wins: 6 – Germany
Fewest wins: 0 – Australia, Cameroon, England, Ghana, Honduras, Iran, Japan, Russia, South Korea
Most losses: 3 – Australia, Cameroon, Honduras
Fewest losses: 0 – Costa Rica, Germany, Netherlands
Most draws: 3 – Costa Rica
Fewest draws: 0 – Australia, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Cameroon, Colombia, Croatia, Honduras, Italy, Ivory Coast, Spain, Switzerland, Uruguay
Most points in the group stage: 9 – Argentina, Belgium, Colombia, Netherlands
Fewest points in the group stage: 0 – Australia, Cameroon, Honduras

text: Match awards[edit]

text: Man of the Match[edit]

text:
Rank
Name
Team
Opponent
Awards

1
Messi, LionelLionel Messi
 Argentina
Bosnia and Herzegovina (GS), Iran (GS), Nigeria (GS), Switzerland (R16)
4

2
Navas, KeylorKeylor Navas
 Costa Rica
England (GS), Greece (R16), Netherlands (QF)
3

Robben, ArjenArjen Robben
 Netherlands
Australia (GS), Chile (GS), Brazil (TP)

Rodriguez, JamesJames Rodríguez
 Colombia
Greece (GS), Ivory Coast (GS), Uruguay (R16)

5
Benzema, KarimKarim Benzema
 France
Honduras (GS), Switzerland (GS)
2

Gotze, MarioMario Götze
 Germany
Ghana (GS), Argentina (F)

Howard, TimTim Howard
 United States
Portugal (GS), Belgium (R16)

Muller, ThomasThomas Müller
 Germany
Portugal (GS), United States (GS)

Neymar, Neymar
 Brazil
Croatia (GS), Cameroon (GS)

Ochoa, GuillermoGuillermo Ochoa
 Mexico
Brazil (GS), Netherlands (R16)

Shaqiri, XherdanXherdan Shaqiri
  Switzerland
Ecuador (GS), Honduras (GS)

Slimani, IslamIslam Slimani
 Algeria
South Korea (GS), Russia (GS)

13
Balotelli, MarioMario Balotelli
 Italy
England (GS)
1

Buffon, GianluigiGianluigi Buffon
 Italy
Uruguay (GS)

Campbell, JoelJoel Campbell
 Costa Rica
Uruguay (GS)

Julio Cesar Júlio César
 Brazil
Chile (R16)

De Bruyne, KevinKevin De Bruyne
 Belgium
Algeria (GS)

Dempsey, ClintClint Dempsey
 United States
Ghana (GS)

Cristiano Ronaldo, Cristiano Ronaldo
 Portugal
Ghana (GS)

Domínguez, AlexanderAlexander Domínguez
 Ecuador
France (GS)

Dzeko, EdinEdin Džeko
 Bosnia and Herzegovina
Iran (GS)

Hazard, EdenEden Hazard
 Belgium
Russia (GS)

Higuaín, GonzaloGonzalo Higuaín
 Argentina
Belgium (QF)

Honda, KeisukeKeisuke Honda
 Japan
Greece (GS)

Hummels, MatsMats Hummels
 Germany
France (QF)

Kroos, ToniToni Kroos
 Germany
Brazil (SF)

David Luiz, David Luiz
 Brazil
Colombia (QF)

M'Bolhi, RaïsRaïs M'Bolhi
 Algeria
Germany (R16)

Mandzukic, MarioMario Mandžukić
 Croatia
Cameroon (GS)

Marquez, RafaelRafael Márquez
 Mexico
Croatia (GS)

Martinez, JacksonJackson Martínez
 Colombia
Japan (GS)

Mikel, John ObiJohn Obi Mikel
 Nigeria
Iran (GS)

Odemwingie, PeterPeter Odemwingie
 Nigeria
Bosnia and Herzegovina (GS)

Persie, Robin vanRobin van Persie
 Netherlands
Spain (GS)

Pogba, PaulPaul Pogba
 France
Nigeria (R16)

Romero, SergioSergio Romero
 Argentina
Netherlands (SF)

Ruiz, BryanBryan Ruiz
 Costa Rica
Italy (GS)

Samaras, GeorgiosGeorgios Samaras
 Greece
Ivory Coast (GS)

Sanchez, AlexisAlexis Sánchez
 Chile
Australia (GS)

Santos, Giovani dosGiovani dos Santos
 Mexico
Cameroon (GS)

Son, Heung-minSon Heung-min
 South Korea
Russia (GS)

Suarez, LuisLuis Suárez
 Uruguay
England (GS)

Toure, YayaYaya Touré
 Ivory Coast
Japan (GS)

Valencia, EnnerEnner Valencia
 Ecuador
Honduras (GS)

Vargas, EduardoEduardo Vargas
 Chile
Spain (GS)

Vertonghen, JanJan Vertonghen
 Belgium
South Korea (GS)

Villa, DavidDavid Villa
 Spain
Australia (GS)

text: Clean sheets[edit]

text: The winner of the Golden Glove was Manuel Neuer.

text:
Rank
Name
Team
Opponent
Awards

1
Cillessen, JasperJasper Cillessen
 Netherlands
Chile (GS), Costa Rica (QF), Argentina (SF), Brazil (TP)
4

Neuer, ManuelManuel Neuer
 Germany
Portugal (GS), United States (GS), France (QF), Argentina (F)

Romero, SergioSergio Romero
 Argentina
Iran (GS), Switzerland (R16), Belgium (QF), Netherlands (SF)

4
Lloris, HugoHugo Lloris
 France
Honduras (GS), Ecuador (GS), Nigeria (R16)
3

Navas, KeylorKeylor Navas
 Costa Rica
Italy (GS), England (GS), Netherlands (QF)

6
Courtois, ThibautThibaut Courtois
 Belgium
Russia (GS), South Korea (GS)
2

Enyeama, VincentVincent Enyeama
 Nigeria
Iran (GS), Bosnia and Herzegovina (GS)

Karnezis, OrestisOrestis Karnezis
 Greece
Japan (GS), Ivory Coast (GS)

Ochoa, GuillermoGuillermo Ochoa
 Mexico
Cameroon (GS), Brazil (GS)

Ospina, DavidDavid Ospina
 Colombia
Greece (GS), Uruguay (R16)

11
Benaglio, DiegoDiego Benaglio
  Switzerland
Honduras (GS)
1

Bravo, ClaudioClaudio Bravo
 Chile
Spain (GS)

Julio Cesar Júlio César
 Brazil
Mexico (GS)

Domínguez, AlexanderAlexander Domínguez
 Ecuador
France (GS)

Eduardo, Eduardo
 Portugal
Ghana (GS)

Foster, BenBen Foster
 England
Costa Rica (GS)

Haghighi, AlirezaAlireza Haghighi
 Iran
Nigeria (GS)

Kawashima, EijiEiji Kawashima
 Japan
Greece (GS)

Krul, TimTim Krul
 Netherlands
Costa Rica (QF)

Mondragón, FarydFaryd Mondragón
 Colombia
Japan (GS)

Muslera, FernandoFernando Muslera
 Uruguay
Italy (GS)

Pletikosa, StipeStipe Pletikosa
 Croatia
Cameroon (GS)

Reina, PepePepe Reina
 Spain
Australia (GS)

Vorm, MichelMichel Vorm
 Netherlands
Brazil (TP)

text: Discipline[edit]

text:
Total number of yellow cards: 187
Average yellow cards per match: 2.92
Total number of red cards: 10
Average red cards per match: 0.16
First yellow card of the tournament:
Neymar for Brazil against Croatia
First red card of the tournament:
Maxi Pereira for Uruguay against Costa Rica
Fastest yellow card from kick off: 2 minutes
Thiago Silva for Brazil against Netherlands
Fastest yellow card after coming on as a substitute: 3 minutes
José Miguel Cubero for Costa Rica against Italy (introduced in the 68th minute)
Latest yellow card in a match without extra time: 90+4 minutes
João Moutinho for Portugal against Ghana
Latest yellow card in a match with extra time: 120+4 minutes
Ezequiel Garay for Argentina against Switzerland
Fastest dismissal from kick off: 37 minutes
Pepe for Portugal against Germany
Fastest dismissal of a substitute: 20 minutes
Ante Rebić for Croatia against Mexico (introduced in the 69th minute)
Latest dismissal in a match without extra time: 90+4 minutes
Maxi Pereira for Uruguay against Costa Rica
Shortest time difference between two yellow cards given to the same player: 11 minutes
Kostas Katsouranis for Greece against Japan (booked in the 27th minute and again in the 38th minute)
Most yellow cards (team): 14
Brazil
Most red cards (team): 1
Belgium, Cameroon, Costa Rica, Croatia, Ecuador, Greece, Honduras, Italy, Portugal, Uruguay
Fewest yellow cards (team): 2
Portugal
Most yellow cards (player): 3
Thiago Silva
Most red cards (player): 1
Steven Defour, Óscar Duarte, Kostas Katsouranis, Claudio Marchisio, Wilson Palacios, Pepe, Maxi Pereira, Ante Rebić, Alex Song, Antonio Valencia
Most yellow cards (match): 8
Costa Rica vs Greece
Most red cards (match): 1
Uruguay vs Costa Rica, France vs Honduras, Germany vs Portugal, Cameroon vs Croatia, Japan vs Greece, Croatia vs Mexico, Italy vs Uruguay, Ecuador vs France, South Korea vs Belgium, Costa Rica vs Greece
Fewest yellow cards (match): 1
England vs Italy, Iran vs Nigeria, Switzerland vs France, Germany vs Ghana, United States vs Portugal, Honduras vs Switzerland, Ecuador vs France, France vs Nigeria, Brazil vs Germany
Most cards in one match: 1 red card, 8 yellow cards
Costa Rica vs Greece

text: Multiple World Cups[edit]

text:
Name
 2002
 2006
 2010
 2014
Total goals

Goals
Against
Goals
Against
Goals
Against
Goals
Against

Cahill, Tim ! Tim Cahill
N/A
2
JPN (2)
1
SRB
2
CHI, NED
5

Cristiano Ronaldo ! Cristiano Ronaldo
N/A
1
IRN
1
PRK
1
GHA
3

Dempsey, Clint ! Clint Dempsey
N/A
1
GHA
1
ENG
2
GHA, POR
4

Gyan, Asamoah ! Asamoah Gyan
N/A
1
CZE
3
SRB, AUS, USA
2
GER, POR
6

Klose, Miroslav ! Miroslav Klose
5
KSA (3), IRL, CMR
5
CRC (2), ECU (2), ARG
4
AUS, ENG, ARG (2)
2
GHA, BRA
16

Marquez, Rafael ! Rafael Márquez
0
N/A
1
ARG
1
RSA
1
CRO
3

Persie, Robin van ! Robin van Persie
N/A
1
CIV
1
CMR
4
ESP (2), AUS, BRA
6

Robben, Arjen ! Arjen Robben
N/A
1
SCG
2
SVK, URU
3
ESP (2), AUS
6

Villa, David ! David Villa
N/A
3
UKR (2), FRA
5
HON (2), CHI, POR, PAR
1
AUS
9

text:
Name
 1998
 2002
 2006
 2010
 2014
Total

Apps
Against
Apps
Against
Apps
Against
Apps
Against
Apps
Against

Beasley, Da Marcus ! DaMarcus Beasley
N/A
3
POR, KOR, POL
3
CZE, ITA, GHA
1
ALG
4
GHA, POR, GER, BEL
11

Buffon, Gianluigi ! Gianluigi Buffon
0
N/A
4
ECU, CRO, MEX, KOR
7
GHA, USA, CZE, AUS, UKR, GER, FRA
1
PAR
2
CRC, URU
14

Casillas, Iker ! Iker Casillas
N/A
5
SVN, PAR, RSA, IRL, KOR
3
UKR, TUN, FRA
7
SUI, HON, CHI, POR, PAR, GER, NED
2
NED, CHI
17

Eto'o, Samuel ! Samuel Eto'o
1
ITA
3
IRL, KSA, GER
N/A
3
JPN, DEN, NED
1
MEX
8

Klose, Miroslav ! Miroslav Klose
N/A
7
KSA, IRL, CMR, PAR, USA, KOR, BRA
7
CRC, POL, ECU, SWE, ARG, ITA, POR
5
AUS, SRB, ENG, ARG, ESP
5
GHA, USA, FRA, BRA, ARG
24

Marquez, Rafael ! Rafael Márquez
N/A
4
CRO, ECU, ITA, USA
4
IRN, ANG, POR, ARG
4
RSA, FRA, URU, ARG
4
CMR, BRA, CRO, NED
16

Xavi ! Xavi
N/A
3
PAR, RSA, KOR
3
UKR, TUN, FRA
7
SUI, HON, CHI, POR, PAR, GER, NED
1
NED
14

text:
Gianluigi Buffon attended the 1998 FIFA World Cup as an unused substitute.
In 2014, Rafael Márquez became the first player to captain his team in four different World Cups.

text: Overall results[edit]

text: Bold numbers indicate the maximum values in each column.

text: By team[edit]

text: The Netherlands was the only team that used all 23 players during the tournament, making it the first team in World Cup history to ever use all of its squad players.[4]

text:
Team
Pld
W
D
L
Pts
APts
GF
AGF
GA
AGA
GD
AGD
CS
ACS
YC
AYC
RC
ARC

 Algeria
4
1
1
2
4
1.00
7
1.75
7
1.75
0
0.00
0
0.00
6
1.50
0
0.00

 Argentina
7
5
1
1
16
2.29
8
1.14
4
0.57
+4
0.57
4
0.57
8
1.14
0
0.00

 Australia
3
0
0
3
0
0.00
3
1.00
9
3.00
-6
-2.00
0
0.00
6
2.00
0
0.00

 Belgium
5
4
0
1
12
2.40
6
1.20
3
0.60
+3
0.60
2
0.40
7
1.40
1
0.20

 Bosnia & Herz.
3
1
0
2
3
1.00
4
1.33
4
1.33
0
0.00
0
0.00
3
1.00
0
0.00

 Brazil
7
3
2
2
11
1.57
11
1.57
14
2.00
-3
-0.43
1
0.14
14
2.00
0
0.00

 Cameroon
3
0
0
3
0
0.00
1
0.33
9
3.00
-8
-2.67
0
0.00
4
1.33
1
0.33

 Chile
4
2
1
1
7
1.75
6
1.50
4
1.00
+2
0.50
1
0.25
7
1.75
0
0.00

 Colombia
5
4
0
1
12
2.40
12
2.40
4
0.80
+8
1.60
2
0.40
5
1.00
0
0.00

 Costa Rica
5
2
3
0
9
1.80
5
1.00
2
0.40
+3
0.60
3
0.60
12
2.40
1
0.20

 Croatia
3
1
0
2
3
1.00
6
2.00
6
2.00
0
0.00
1
0.33
4
1.33
1
0.33

 Ecuador
3
1
1
1
4
1.33
3
1.00
3
1.00
0
0.00
1
0.33
5
1.67
1
0.33

 England
3
0
1
2
1
0.33
2
0.67
4
1.33
-2
-0.67
1
0.33
4
1.33
0
0.00

 France
5
3
1
1
10
2.00
10
2.00
3
0.60
+7
1.40
3
0.60
5
1.00
0
0.00

 Germany
7
6
1
0
19
2.71
18
2.57
4
0.57
+14
2.00
4
0.57
6
0.86
0
0.00

 Ghana
3
0
1
2
1
0.33
4
1.33
6
2.00
-2
-0.67
0
0.00
6
2.00
0
0.00

 Greece
4
1
2
1
5
1.25
3
0.75
5
1.25
-2
-0.50
1
0.25
8
2.00
1
0.25

 Honduras
3
0
0
3
0
0.00
1
0.33
8
2.67
-7
-2.33
0
0.00
7
2.33
1
0.33

 Iran
3
0
1
2
1
0.33
1
0.33
4
1.33
-3
-1.00
1
0.33
4
1.33
0
0.00

 Italy
3
1
0
2
3
1.00
2
0.67
3
1.00
-1
-0.33
0
0.00
3
1.00
1
0.33

 Ivory Coast
3
1
0
2
3
1.00
4
1.33
5
1.67
-1
-0.33
0
0.00
7
2.33
0
0.00

 Japan
3
0
1
2
1
0.33
2
0.67
6
2.00
-4
-1.33
1
0.33
4
1.33
0
0.00

 Mexico
4
2
1
1
7
1.75
5
1.25
3
0.75
+2
0.50
2
0.50
8
2.00
0
0.00

 Netherlands
7
5
2
0
17
2.43
15
2.14
4
0.57
+11
1.57
4
0.57
11
1.57
0
0.00

 Nigeria
4
1
1
2
4
1.00
3
0.75
5
1.25
-2
-0.50
2
0.50
3
0.75
0
0.00

 Portugal
3
1
1
1
4
1.33
4
1.33
7
2.33
-3
-1.00
0
0.00
2
0.67
1
0.33

 Russia
3
0
2
1
2
0.67
2
0.67
3
1.00
-1
-0.33
0
0.00
4
1.33
0
0.00

 South Korea
3
0
1
2
1
0.33
3
1.00
6
2.00
-3
-1.00
0
0.00
6
2.00
0
0.00

 Spain
3
1
0
2
3
1.00
4
1.33
7
2.33
-3
-1.00
1
0.33
3
1.00
0
0.00

  Switzerland
4
2
0
2
6
1.50
7
1.75
7
1.75
0
0.00
1
0.25
3
0.75
0
0.00

 United States
4
1
1
2
4
1.00
5
1.25
6
1.50
-1
-0.25
0
0.00
4
1.00
0
0.00

 Uruguay
4
2
0
2
6
1.50
4
1.00
6
1.50
-2
-0.50
1
0.25
8
2.00
1
0.25

Total
64(1)
51
13(2)
51
179
1.40
171
1.34
171
1.34
0
0.00
37
0.29
187
1.46
10
0.08

text:
Team(s) rendered in italics represent(s) the host nation(s). The competition's winning team is rendered in bold.
(1) – Total games lost not counted in total games played (total games lost = total games won)
(2) – Total number of games drawn (tied) for all teams = Total number of games drawn (tied) ÷ 2 (both teams involved)
(3) – As per statistical convention in football, matches decided in extra time are counted as wins and losses, while matches decided by penalty shoot-outs are counted as draws.

text: By confederation[edit]

text:
Confederation
T
Pld
W
D
L
Pts
APts
Pts/T

AFC
4
12
0
3
9
3
0.25
0.75

CAF
5
17
3
3
11
12
0.71
2.40

CONCACAF
4
16
5
5
6
20
1.25
5.00

CONMEBOL
6
30
17
5
8
56
1.87
9.33

UEFA
13
53
26
10
17
88
1.66
6.77

Total
32
64(1)
51
13(2)
51
179
1.40
5.59

text:
Host nation(s) are situated in the region(s) rendered in italics.
(1) – Total games lost not counted in total games played (total games lost = total games won)
(2) – Total number of games drawn (tied) for all teams = Total number of games drawn (tied) ÷ 2 (both teams involved)
(3) – As per statistical convention in football, matches decided in extra time are counted as wins and losses, while matches decided by penalty shoot-outs are counted as draws.

text: Stadiums[edit]

text:
Stadium
City
Capacity
Elevation[5]
Matches
played
Total
attendance
Average
attendance
per match
Average
attendance
as % of capacity
Total
goals
scored
Average
goals scored
per match

Arena da Amazônia
Manaus
40,549[6]
0072 !72 m
4
160,227
40,057
98.79%
14
3.50

Arena da Baixada
Curitiba
39,631[7]
0920 !920 m
4
156,991
39,248
99.03%
8
2.00

Arena das Dunas
Natal
39,971[8]
0045 !45 m
4
158,167
39,542
98.93%
5
1.25

Arena de São Paulo
São Paulo
63,321[9]
0792 !792 m
6
375,593
62,599
98.86%
11
1.83

Arena Fonte Nova
Salvador
51,900[10]
0 !0 m
6
300,674
50,112
96.56%
24
4.00

Arena Pantanal
Cuiabá
41,112[11]
0165 !165 m
4
158,717
39,679
96.52%
12
3.00

Arena Pernambuco
Recife
42,610[12]
0 !0 m
5
204,882
40,976
96.17%
11
2.20

Estádio Beira-Rio
Porto Alegre
43,394[13]
0047 !47 m
5
214,969
42,994
99.08%
22
4.40

Estádio Castelão
Fortaleza
60,342[14]
0 !0 m
6
356,896
59,483
98.58%
17
2.83

Estádio do Maracanã
Rio de Janeiro
74,738[15]
0 !0 m
7
519,189
74,170
99.24%
10
1.43

Estádio Mineirão
Belo Horizonte
58,170[16]
0800 !800 m
6
345,350
57,558
98.95%
17
2.13

Estádio Nacional
Brasília
69,349[17]
1172 !1172 m
7
478,218
68,317
98.51%
20
2.86