document_title: List of The Amazing World of Gumball characters

question_text: what is tobias in the amazing world of gumball

text: Main characters[edit]

text: Gumball Watterson[edit]

text:
Gumball Watterson

The Amazing World of Gumball character

First appearance
"Early Reel" (prototype) "The DVD" (final concept)

Last appearance
TBA

Created by
Ben Bocquelet

Voiced by
Nicky Jones (pilot)
Logan Grove (seasons 1–2;"The Kids")
Jacob Hopkins (season 3-5 "The Copycats")
Nicolas Cantu (season 5 "The Copycats"-present)

Information

Full name
Zach Tristopher Watterson (original name)

Nickname(s)
Gumball (formerly)

Aliases
Gummypuss

Species
Cat

Gender
Male

Occupation
Student

Affiliation
Elmore Junior High

Family
Richard Watterson (father)
Nicole Watterson (mother)
Darwin Watterson (adoptive brother)
Anais Watterson (sister)

Significant other(s)
Penny Fitzgerald (girlfriend)

Relatives
Jojo Watterson (paternal grandmother)
Frankie Watterson (paternal grandfather)
Louie (paternal step-grandfather)
Mr and Mrs. Senicourt (maternal grandparents)

Nationality
USA

text: Gumball (formerly Zach) Tristopher Watterson (voiced by Logan Grove, seasons 1–2 and season 3 episode: "The Kids"; Jacob Hopkins, rest of seasons 3-4 and season 5 episodes: "The Rerun"-"The Copycats" and "The Fuss"; Nicolas Cantu,[4] rest of season 5-present) is a 12-year-old[5] (13 in Season 5) mostly mischievous light blue cat who lives with his family in the fictional California city of Elmore. He attends Elmore Junior High in the seventh grade with his brother Darwin, who is 10 years old.[6] Often finding himself and Darwin in various antics which end up getting them into trouble, episodes in the series' first season characterized Gumball as well-meaning in his actions, but with naive tendencies; throughout the show's progression, he has since established himself as a more serious character capable of logical thinking and prone to sarcasm.

text: Despite his rambunctious behavior and occasional lapses in judgement, he is ultimately a loyal, straightforward, and kindhearted person at heart. A recurring theme throughout the series is his crush on his classmate Penny Fitzgerald, who in turn shares the same feelings for him. They initially struggle to properly express their feelings for each other until the episode "The Shell", where he finally works up the nerve to express his feelings to her after she reveals her true form, and they begin dating.[7] It was revealed in "The Name" that Gumball real name is actually Zach, though by the end of the episode, he legally changes his name to Gumball. In the premiere of season 3 it is revealed that Gumball and Darwin are part of a small fraction of people who don't age past a certain point, which by the end of the episode causes them to regress to a point slightly before puberty. His middle name was supposed to be Christopher, but Richard confused it for Tristopher and it stuck.

text: Darwin Watterson[edit]

text:
Darwin Watterson

The Amazing World of Gumball character

First appearance
"Early Reel" (prototype) "The DVD" (final concept)

Last appearance
TBA

Created by
Ben Bocquelet

Voiced by
Jake Pratt (pilot)
Kwesi Boakye (seasons 1–2;"The Kids")
Terrell Ransom Jr. (season 3-5 "The Copycats")
Donielle T. Hansley, Jr. ("The Copycats"-present)

Information

Full name
Darwin Raglan Caspian Ahab Poseidon Nicodemius Watterson, III

Nickname(s)
Walking Fish {by Granny Jojo)

Aliases
Fish Kid

Species
Goldfish (with legs)

Gender
Male

Occupation
Student

Affiliation
Elmore Junior High

Family
Richard Watterson (adoptive father)
Nicole Watterson (adoptive mother)
Gumball Watterson (adoptive brother)
Anais Watterson (adoptive sister)

Significant other(s)
Carrie Krueger (girlfriend)

Relatives
Jojo Watterson (adoptive paternal grandmother)
Frankie Watterson (adoptive paternal grandfather)
Louie (adoptive paternal step-grandfather)
Mr. and Mrs. Senicourt (adoptive maternal grandparents)

Nationality
USA

text: Darwin Raglan Caspian Ahab Poseidon Nicodemius Watterson, III (voiced by Kwesi Boakye, seasons 1–2 and season 3 episode: "The Kids"; Terrell Ransom Jr., rest of seasons 3-4; season 5 episodes: "The Rerun"-"The Copycats" and "The Fuss"; Donielle T. Hansley Jr.,[4] rest of season 5-present) is a 10 year old[8] (11 in Season 5) orange goldfish, is Gumball's best friend and adoptive brother. Initially given to Gumball as a pet, Darwin later sprouted legs and subsequently became a full member of the Watterson family. The series' first season depicted Darwin with a tendency to be more naive and gullible than others, due to his sudden introduction into the world; subsequent seasons established his more serious side, including the ability to think logically and, in "The Words", speak his mind freely.[9] Although Gumball can sometimes be a negative influence on him, Darwin is extremely loyal to Gumball and often helps him out of sticky situations. He is sometimes shown to not exhibit normal behaviour, such as calling his adoptive parents Mr. Dad and Mrs. Mom.

text: Anais Watterson[edit]

text:
Anais Watterson

The Amazing World of Gumball character

First appearance
"The Responsible"

Last appearance
TBA

Created by
Ben Bocquelet

Voiced by
Kyla Rae Kowalewski

Information

Full name
Anais Watterson

Nickname(s)
Sis (by Gumball)

Aliases
N/A

Species
Rabbit

Gender
Female

Occupation
Student

Affiliation
Elmore Junior High

Family
Richard Watterson (father)
Nicole Watterson (mother)
Gumball Watterson (brother)
Darwin Watterson (adopted brother)

Significant other(s)
Billy Parham

Relatives
Jojo Watterson (paternal grandmother)
Frankie Watterson (paternal grandfather)
Louie (paternal step-grandfather)
Mr and Mrs. Senicourt (maternal grandparents)

Nationality
USA

text: Anais Watterson (voiced by Kyla Rae Kowalewski), a pink rabbit, is Gumball and Darwin's precocious 4-year-old[10] sister. She is one grade above her brothers, as revealed in "The Others". Gumball resents the fact that she is always telling him what to do, but nonetheless loves her and acknowledges her good intentions. Although impatient with her brother, she often tags along with him on his misadventures as a voice of reason, usually having to help Gumball out of situations caused by these misadventures. She has, however, been shown to not be above manipulating her family to get what she wants. Despite her intellectualism, she still shows typical childlike behavior, including an obsession with the children's television character Daisy the Donkey, and has tried to fit in with Gumball and Darwin on numerous occasions. She attends eighth grade at Elmore Junior High, which Gumball and Darwin are unaware of due to them "filtering" out anyone or anything that isn't part of their lives.

text: Nicole Watterson[edit]

text:
Nicole Watterson

The Amazing World of Gumball character

First appearance
"The DVD"

Last appearance
TBA

Created by
Ben Bocquelet

Voiced by
Teresa Gallagher

Information

Full name
Nicole Watterson (née Senicourt)

Nickname(s)
Mom (by Gumball and Darwin), Mrs. Mom (by Darwin)

Aliases
Mrs. Watterson

Species
Cat

Gender
Female

Occupation
Employee at the Rainbow Factory

Affiliation
Rainbow Factory

Family
Mr. Senicourt (father)
Mrs. Senicourt (mother)

Spouse(s)
Richard Watterson

Significant other(s)
Richard Watterson (before their marriage)

Children
Gumball Watterson (son)
Darwin Watterson (adopted son)
Anais Watterson (daughter)

Relatives
Jojo Watterson (mother-in-law)
Frankie Watterson (father-in-law)
Louie (stepfather-in-law)

text: Nicole Watterson (née Senicourt) (voiced by Teresa Gallagher), a blue cat who looks much like Gumball, is Gumball, Darwin and Anais' mother, who carries the main responsibility of her family's upkeep, performing house chores and working long hours at The Rainbow Factory. A workaholic, she is often over-stressed and possesses a short temper. She acts as a guide to her sons, Gumball and Darwin when they get in a tough spot with their misadventures. Competitive by nature, Nicole is a master martial artist, and is very agile and flexible. Despite her overstressed and short-tempered personality, she is still sweet and kindhearted and shows much affection for her family, keeping them safe (and alive) as much as she can. She is implied to have graduated high school around the year of 1985, and the show takes most likely takes place in 2011, making her around 44 years old.

text: Richard Watterson[edit]

text:
Richard Watterson

The Amazing World of Gumball character

First appearance
"The Responsible"

Last appearance
TBA

Created by
Ben Bocquelet

Voiced by
Dan Russell

Information

Full name
Richard Buckley Watterson

Nickname(s)
Dad (by Gumball and Anais), Mr. Dad (by Darwin)

Aliases
Mr. Watterson

Species
Rabbit

Gender
Male

Occupation
Unemployed

Affiliation
N/A

Family
Jojo Watterson (mother)
Frankie Watterson (father)
Louie (stepfather)

Spouse(s)
Nicole Watterson

Significant other(s)
Nicole Senicourt (before marriage)

Children
Gumball Watterson (son)
Darwin Watterson (adopted son)
Anais Watterson (daughter)

Relatives
Mr. Senicourt (father-in-law)
Mrs. Senicourt (mother-in-law)

text: Richard Watterson (voiced by Dan Russell) is an anthropomorphic pink rabbit. He is Gumball, Darwin and Anais' father. Being a stay-at-home dad, he spends most of his time sleeping, eating, watching TV and playing video games. He was named "the laziest person in Elmore" since 1983,[11] and has a large appetite and is a voracious eater. Richard often serves as a third-wheel to his sons' misadventures and cares deeply for his family despite his lethargic nature. He can be very naive at some times and may be called "dumb" or similar words by other characters throughout the series. In the episode "The Job" it appears that Richard can't hold a job or else the universe will be destroyed which is why he must remain unemployed. He may be the same age as Nicole (44), as he went to school with her.

text: Extended family[edit]

text: Frankie Watterson[edit]

text: Francis "Frankie" Watterson (voiced by Rich Fulcher) is the conman rat and ex-husband of Granny Jojo and the father of Richard who abandoned them a long time ago. In "The Signature", after his apartment was re-possessed due to his overdue rent, he returns to the Watterson household, and he reunited with Richard, only to scam him of taking over the house. The Wattersons stop him, while Frankie looks back to the day he left his son. He then decides to reunite the whole Watterson family. In "The Outside" , Frankie comes for a visit, but gets treated like a prisoner, because of a misunderstanding. He is most likely around 67-68 years old, as he is in-between the ages of Jojo, who is 63, and Louie, who is 72.

text: Joanna Watterson[edit]

text: Joanna "Granny JoJo" Watterson (voiced by Sandra Dickinson) is the Watterson children's grandmother and also Richard's mother. She is a pink rabbit who speaks in a New York accent. In the season 1 episode "The Kiss", she is depicted as a general annoyance to the family, doing nothing but watching police dramas on television, and with Nicole and Richard always leaving the house whenever she makes a visit. She was previously married to a traveling conman named Frankie Watterson, who abandoned her and a young Richard under the pretense of going out to buy milk; she later remarries to Louie, a local Elmore senior citizen, in "The Signature", despite Richard's initial disapproval.[12] She is 63 years old.

text: Louie Watterson[edit]

text: Louie (voiced by Shane Rimmer) is a black mouse and a former member of a close-knit crew of Elmore senior citizens which includes Betty, Donald, and Marvin Finklehimer.[13] In "The Man" it is revealed that he was dating Joanna Watterson,[14] whom he marries in "The Signature", making him Richard's stepfather and Gumball, Darwin, and Anais' stepgrandfather.[12] He is 72 years old.

text: Mr. and Mrs. Senicourt[edit]

text: Mr. and Mrs. Senicourt (voiced by Clive Russell and Liza Ross) are Nicole's parents, seen in flashbacks during the season 5 episode "The Choices". Mr. Senicourt is a short, fat cat (resembling Grumpy Cat) with a short temper, while Mrs. Senicourt is tall and thin, yet snobbish. They both disapprove of their daughter's relationship with Richard; Mr Senicourt slammed the door in his face when he came to visit Nicole, and neither parent showed up to their wedding. Mrs. Senicourt, however, burst into tears when Nicole moved out, showing a perhaps softer side. Mr. Senicourt just turned and went back inside. It is loosely implied that Nicole is presently estranged from them. Mr. Senicourt is 102 years old.

text: Supporting/Recurring characters[edit]

text: Elmore Junior High students[edit]

text: Penny Fitzgerald[edit]

text: Penny Fitzgerald (voiced by Teresa Gallagher) is a living peanut with antlers growing out of her head and, following the events of the episode "The Shell", Gumball's girlfriend. Their mutual affection and incapability of expressing their feelings for one another was a running theme in the series[16] until "The Shell", where Gumball finally directly reveals his feelings for her and they have their first kiss in the woods.[7] In the same episode, it is revealed that underneath Penny's shell lies a yellow, fairy-like inner alien self which shape-shifts based on her emotional state.[7] Penny's father Patrick, the head of a local construction company, is extremely overprotective of his daughter,[17] and does not trust Gumball until he saves her from getting run over by his own car in the episode "The Knights" and "The Shell" for helping his daughter through her emotions [18] She is member of the Elmore Junior High cheerleading and synchronized swimming teams.[17]

text: Tobias Wilson[edit]

text: Tobias Wilson (voiced by Rupert Degas, season 1; Hugo Harrison, season 2 onward) is a multicolored, cloud-shaped humanoid who is heavily interested in sports and possesses an overbearing self-confidence.[16] He thinks of himself as a heavily built jock, despite actually being rather weak, and appears to be quite wealthy.[19] He makes his debut appearance in "The Third", where Gumball and Darwin pay him twenty dollars to become their friend.[19] In "The Knights", Tobias holds a mock medieval battle with Gumball for the affection of Penny.[18] Despite this, he has been seen hanging out with Gumball and Darwin on several occasions, including having a starring role in one of the duo's home movies.[20] He has an older sister, Rachel (voiced by Jessica McDonald), who considers herself of higher status than Tobias and his "dweeb loser baby friends".[21]

text: Carrie Krueger[edit]

text: Carolyn "Carrie" Krueger (voiced by Jessica McDonald) is an emo ghost who lives in a malevolent mansion[22] and "enjoys being depressed".[16] She has the abilities to teleport[23] and possess living bodies, and in "The Ghost" she uses the latter ability on Gumball in order to feel the satisfaction of being able to eat again.[24] In "Halloween", she turns the Watterson siblings into ghosts so they can attend a ghost-exclusive Halloween party at her mansion,[23] and in the process almost gets them trapped in the Underworld.[23] Carrie is the daughter of a mortal man who formed a romantic relationship with a female ghost and, as a result of using a forbidden spell, was cursed to live a lonely existence inside mirrors and subsequently rechristened "The Snatcher" – until, that is, his soul is set free by his daughter in "The Mirror" and they are happily reunited. In "The Matchmaker"- She and Darwin become a couple.[25]

text: Banana Joe[edit]

text: Banana Joseph "Joe" (voiced by Mic Graves) is a hyperactive banana and the class clown of Gumball's Elmore Junior High class, with the tendency to crack a joke whenever possible.[16] His jokes often serve as a source of irritation to others, with Gumball describing him as a "one-trick pony" in his debut appearance.[19] While he is often classified as the class clown, he can mostly be a bully in a mean way, usually to Gumball and Darwin. He is killed by Rob in "the Rerun" but this event was erased from the timeline by a reformed Rob.

text: Tina Rex[edit]

text: Tina Rex (voiced by Dan Russell, season 1; Stefan Ashton Frank, season 2 onward) is a Tyrannosaurus who lives in the Elmore city junkyard, and who is Elmore Junior High's most notorious bully.[26] She often picks on her fellow schoolmates, especially Gumball,[26] and has her own gang of bullies which includes Jamie[27] and, to his reluctance, Anton.[28] As a dinosaur, she is the strongest person in school, contributing to her fearsome and aggressive reputation.[26] Despite this, she also has a softer side not only in general, but also for Gumball; in the episode "The Fight" she reveals that she considers him to be a friend.[29] Her Cartoon Network biography suggests that she might have animosity toward others because she is "angry at the world for not noticing her femininity".[26]

text: Hector Jotunheim[edit]

text: Hector Jotunheim (voiced by Kerry Shale) is a massive but gentle giant who is the largest student in Elmore Junior High, to the point that only his legs and feet are seen on-screen. Hector is the subject of the episode "The Colossus", where his mother – a witch who works as a cleaning lady – reveals that he can be dangerous if he expresses too much emotion, such as anger, sadness or excitement.[30] In the same episode, he goes on a rampage around Elmore after Gumball and Darwin, unaware of Hector's need to control his emotions, describe him as being too boring.[30] His surname is a reference to Jötunheimr, the homeland of giants in Norse mythology.[31]

text: Masami Yoshida[edit]

text: Masami Yoshida (voiced by Jessica McDonald) is a living cloud who is the wealthy daughter of the Rainbow Factory's owner.[16] Spoiled by her parents, she is tantrum-prone and has apparently threatened to have her classmates' parents fired if she doesn't have her way; in "The Gift", several of her classmates panic about getting her a perfect birthday gift out of fear of such a scenario, though it is later indicated that this has never actually happened and she admits that she simply wants be a treated like a normal person.[32] When angry, she has the ability to develop into a full storm cloud capable of causing massive amounts of damage.[33] The episode "The Storm" reveals her unrequited crush on Alan, and she manipulates Gumball into getting the two together, albeit temporarily.[33]

text: Sarah G. Lato[edit]

text: Sarah G. Lato (voiced by Jessica McDonald) is a yellow ice cream cone who debuted in "The Banana" as a transferee to Elmore Junior High from nearby Richwood High and makes her first major role in "The Sweaters", where she attempts to defend Gumball and Darwin from two uptight human students, only to lead them into more trouble.[34] In "The Fan", she is depicted as an obsessive fan of Gumball and Darwin.[35]

text: Bobert[edit]

text: Bobert (voiced by Kerry Shale) is a robot who is one of the smartest students at Elmore Junior High but constantly struggles to understand emotion and develop a social life.[16] He is the primary focus of the episode "The Robot", where Darwin and Gumball's efforts to help him fit in ultimately end with him stealing Gumball's identity.[36] Multiple times in the series, he has showcased his ability to transform into a much larger form by triggering his "defense mode".[36] In the episode "The Bet", he is forced to become Gumball's personal slave for a day after losing a bet.[37] Bobert is also the primary focus of the episode "The Upgrade", where he has an update with his software that Gumball and Darwin struggle getting used to and go to the Bobert Store to get a downgrade. The manager gave them a new Bobert. By the end of the episode, however, he obtains a downgrade due to Gumball's awareness of his actual age.

text: Carmen[edit]

text: Carmen (voiced by Teresa Gallagher, season 1; Alix Wilton Regan, season 2 onward) is a small green cactus who is considered to be a leader among her female classmates.[16] She is in a relationship with her balloon classmate Alan,[16] though the danger of her spikes bursting him is a constant hindrance. Their relationship in the cafeteria annoys their classmates, who are frequently annoyed by their romantic gestures and deem them "too perfect" and Alan interrupts and yells at Gumball.[33] In "The Storm", Alan is too jealous of Gumball and Gumball and Carmen briefly break, runs away from Gumball without crying and the boys (who aren't Darwin) and Carrie, Tina and Jamie bullied Gumball after Gumball accidentally kisses Carmen, but he succeeds in getting them back together by the end.[33] In "The Best," it is shown that Carmen was once a trouble making student at her old school, so much so that she ended up on the news.[38] Carmen is also one of the cheerleaders for her school. She is best friends with Penny Fitzgerald, Sarah, and Molly.

text: Alan Keane[edit]

text: Alan Keane (voiced by Kerry Shale, season 1; Hugo Harrison, season 2 onward) is a teal-colored balloon who, despite their physical incompatibility, is in a romantic relationship with Carmen and sits at lunch with her.[16] He is overly nice and even-tempered, never showing anger or raising his voice even when the subject of insults or physical attacks, much to the annoyance of his classmates.[39] Being filled with helium, Alan regularly speaks in a high-pitched voice. In "The Photo", Gumball envies him for having a beautiful face. Alan rebuffs this, but Gumball replies: "Dude, even your mole looks better than me". In "the Vision" it is revealed Alan secretly plans to take over the world and rule it as a dictator, brainwashing people to eradicate sadness. After discovering this, Gumall and Darwin attempt to assassinate Alan, which they succeed in after many failed attempts - though he reappears in subsequent episodes without any explanation.

text: Leslie[edit]

text: Leslie (voiced by Kerry Shale) is an effeminate, friendly daisy who plays flute in the school band and can often be found hanging around the girls.[40] He is Penny's cousin, and Gumball's mistaken assumption that he is her boyfriend is his major source of jealousy in the episode "The Flower".[41]

text: Teri[edit]

text: Teri (voiced by Teresa Gallagher) is a hypochondriac paper bear usually found in the nurse's office.[42] Although somewhat self-absorbed and paranoid, she is very nice and is one of the school's cheerleaders.[42] Her mother works as a doctor and maintains a website discussing the dangers of germs.[43]

text: Idaho[edit]

text: Idaho (voiced by Kerry Shale, season 1; Hugo Harrison, season 2 onward) is a free-spirited potato from the rural countryside with old-fashioned beliefs, Idaho is one of the less popular students of Elmore Junior High.[44] In "The Bumpkin", Gumball, disillusioned with his suburban lifestyle, seeks Idaho's help in teaching his family how to live a simple lifestyle.[45] However, Gumball eventually finds himself unable to resist his modern lifestyle, and one night Idaho walks in on him indulging in video games and junk food.[45] Gumball talks him into trying out his modern lifestyle and eventually sends him into severe culture shock, which his rural family cure by burying him in soil.[45]

text: Anton[edit]

text: Anton (voiced by Anthony Hull) is a simple-minded piece of toast who was forcibly drafted into Tina's gang despite his unwillingness to do so, and only appeases them to avoid their anger.[28] He is prone to being killed in various freak accidents, only to be resurrected by his parents after each occasion with a toaster which creates a new copy of him.[46]

text: Juke[edit]

text: Juke (voiced by Hugo Harrison, music by Beatbox Hobbit)[47] is a native of the continent of Boomboxemburg who moved to Elmore, and is, as described by Gumball, a "boombox head" who speaks entirely in beatboxing.[48] In "The Boombox", he spoke it. As a result, nobody in Elmore Junior High can understand him.[49] He is able to speak comprehensible English if he is switched from "Music Mode" to "Voice Mode" through a button on the back of his head, but his arms are too short to reach the button and his attempts to communicate this fact to others end in failure.[48]

text: Sussie[edit]

text: Sussie (face by Aurelie Charbonnier, voiced by Fergus Craig until season 4, voiced by Charbonnier Season 5 onwards) is an upside-down chin with googly eyes and puppet-like characteristics. She is talkative, odd, and obnoxious, and as a result is generally avoided by the rest of her classmates. She was the main problem for Darwin in "The Words".[9]

text: Clayton[edit]

text: Clayton (voiced by Rupert Degas, season 1; Max Cazier, season 2 onward) is a red ball of clay who is a compulsive liar, with a tendency of making up absurd stories about himself.[50] In the episode "The Skull", Clayton begins an on-and-off friendship with Gumball and Darwin, and displays his ability to transform into different people and objects.[51] At the end of the episode, he tells Principal Brown the truth for the first time.[51] In "The Move" he reveals that he lies because he is insecure and feels like a loser, though Gumball and Darwin help him and presumably cure his lying habit.[52]

text: Rachel Wilson[edit]

text: Rachel Wilson (voiced by Jessica McDonald) is Tobias' older sister, who disgusts his "dweeb loser baby friends." In "the Party", however, after her friends don't show up to the party Tobias invited all of Elmore Junior High to, Darwin helps her feel better and fixes the trashed house, so she kisses Darwin. The directing staff did not like the character, so Rachel made a handful of cameos in the second season before being dropped from the show. Rachel does make a brief cameo in a flashback in "the Matchmaker".

text: Ocho[edit]

text: Harry "Ocho" Tootmorsel (voiced by Max Cazier) is a Space Invaders character-like 8-bit spider[53] and a generally friendly person, but often overreacts to what people say about him in a negative manner, such as to Darwin and Gumball after the latter accidentally sends him an insulting text message.[54] In the show's first season, he spoke solely in video game blips; since the second season, however, he has started speaking in comprehensible, albeit distorted, English.[54] In season five, his real name is revealed to be Harry Tootmorsel. A name that he only tells to his most trusted friends.[55]

text: The Eggheads[edit]

text: The Eggheads (Colin and Felix) (voiced by Kerry Shale and Rupert Degas, season 1; Kerry Shale and Hugo Harrison, season 2 onward) are a pair of egg brothers who are two of the most intelligent students and bullies at Elmore Junior High, speaking in English accents and considering themselves to be much smarter than their classmates. They are not very popular, and as such are members of the "Reject Club" with Bobert and Ocho.[56]

text: Jamie Russo[edit]

text: Jamie Russo (voiced by Jessica McDonald, seasons 1–2; Maria Teresa Creasey, season 3 onward) is a "half-cow, half-troglodyte" creature who is a bully of Elmore Junior High and member of Tina's gang.[9][27] As a result of Miss Simian holding her back a year, she has grown resentful of her new classmates and of authority in general.[27] Her mother is Elmore Junior High's gym coach, whom she listens to and respects despite her disapproval towards Jamie's bullying.[57]

text: William[edit]

text: William (internal monologue narrated by Mic Graves)[58] is a flying eyeball who is Miss Simian's personal spy and only talks when reporting information to her.[59] The episode "The Voice" reveals that he has psychic abilities, which he uses to wreak havoc on Gumball and Darwin after they accidentally block him on the social networking site Elmore Plus.[60] The same episode shows that he actually expresses a desire to interact with his classmates, which is hindered by his lack of a mouth; his inner thoughts are narrated to the viewers.[60]

text: Molly Collins[edit]

text: Molly Collins[61] (voiced by Jessica McDonald) is a shy sauropod who is a member of the cheerleading team and, as shown in "The Pressure", the owner of a treehouse where she and the other girls hang out in.[62] She made several appearances in the show's first season, but was absent for the entire second season; no reason was given for her disappearance until the third-season episode "The Void", where Gumball, Darwin, and Mr. Small realize that all traces of Molly have vanished and nobody else seems to have any memory of her. Investigating further, they eventually open up a portal at the former location of Molly's home and are sucked into a void containing "all the mistakes the world has ever made", where they find and rescue her.[63]

text: Rob[edit]

text: Rob (voiced by Hugo Harrison) was one of the less prominent Elmore Junior High students, and later on in the series, Rob is the main antagonist and Gumball's sworn enemy. Rob is formerly a tall blue cyclops, and is later a disfigured polygon white cyclops. He tries to have some friendly conversation with Gumball and Darwin in "The Pony", only to discover – much to his annoyance – that the two do not even know his name.[22] He is later seen in the void of all the world's mistakes in the episode "The Void".[63] However, in "The Nobody", he manages to escape the void, gets disfigured as a result and takes residence in the Wattersons' basement. As a result, he remembers that Gumball and Darwin left him and swears revenge on them for not noticing him.[64] After hundreds of traps he tries to use on Gumball and Darwin go failed an unnoticed, Gumball and Darwin help re-invent Rob, with a new wardrobe and voice (voiced by David Warner) to become Dr. Wrecker.[65] In "The Bus", he attempts to blow up everybody and the hijacked bus up as well, but his plans were foiled thanks to Gumball and Richard. In "The Ex", it is seen that Banana Joe was his new nemesis. But toward the end he resumes his hatred with Gumball.

text: Hot Dog Guy[edit]

text: Hot Dog Guy is a guy who, when in contact, is awkward with Gumball. He made periodic appearances prior to the episode "The Hug", when Gumball hugs him several times to prove he is not predictable to Darwin. In "The Awkwardness", Gumball wants to buy ketchup for a hot dog before running into Hot Dog Guys many other times in the episode. In "the Nest" he is seemingly eaten by the carnivorous baby turtles.

text: Elmore Junior High staff[edit]

text: Principal Nigel Brown[edit]

text: Principal Nigel Brown (voiced by Lewis MacLeod, season 1; Steve Furst, season 2 onward) is a furry slug who is Elmore Junior High's principal and Miss Simian's love interest. His Cartoon Network biography states that their romance has been detrimental to his profession, leaving him incapable of properly running Elmore Junior High.[66] In "The Fraud", it is revealed that Principal Brown has worked as a principal for 20 years with a fake diploma.[67]

text: Ms. Lucy Simian[edit]

text: Ms. Lucy Simian (voiced by Lewis MacLeod, season 1; Hugo Harrison, season 2 onward) is a baboon and the sadistic teacher of Gumball and Darwin's class as well as a major antagonist. She takes great pleasure in giving her students pop quizzes and being generally unpleasant, and as such is widely reviled by the entire school body, save for Principal Brown, her love interest. She has a generally antagonistic relationship with Gumball, often suspecting him of being nothing but a troublemaker, but once faked friendship with the Wattersons in order to win a teacher's appreciation award, and offered a genuine apology to Gumball and Darwin for her rash judgement against them in "The Apology". Her face intentionally resembles that of the Grim Reaper.

text: Mr. Steve Small[edit]

text: Mr. Steve Small (voiced by Lewis MacLeod, season 1; Adam Long, season 2 onward) is the Elmore Junior High guidance counselor, a cloud man who is interested in New Age culture and possesses hippie-like qualities in terms of appearance and behavior. Mr. Small's eccentric and unconventional teaching methods are usually more confusing to the children than helpful, and despite his good intentions they often leave his office confused and not any better, if not worse from the time they entered.[68] It is revealed in the episode "The Fraud" that he is not a U.S. citizen, though it is unclear if he was merely born elsewhere or renounced his citizenship. He also mentions he lost his love Janice, which in the episode "The Void," is revealed to be a purple van that runs on "good vibes."

text: Rocky Robinson[edit]

text: Rockwell "Rocky" Robinson (voiced by Lewis MacLeod, season 1; Hugo Harrison, season 2, Simon Lipkin, season 3 onwards ) is an orange, fuzzy Muppet-like character who performs various odd jobs around Elmore Junior High, mostly as the janitor, but also as a cafeteria worker, a school bus driver, and, in "The Curse", the clerk at the lost and found office. He is the son of Gaylord and Margaret Robinson, the Wattersons' next-door neighbors, and is generally good-natured and gets along with the children well.

text: Coach Russo[edit]

text: The Elmore Junior High P.E. coach Russo (voiced by Dan Russell) is a large, pink 3-dimensional cube who is Jamie's mother. The newest member of the faculty, she works to ensure that all of the students are fit like her daughter. She makes her debut appearance in "The Coach" and speaks in a consistently deadpan tone, never showing emotion facially or in her speech.[57]

text: Other characters[edit]

text: Mr. and Mrs. Robinson[edit]

text: Gaylord and Margaret Robinson (voiced by Rupert Degas and Teresa Gallagher, season 1; Stefan Ashton Frank and Teresa Gallagher, season 2 onward) are the Wattersons' stuck-up, grouchy next door neighbors, and Rocky's parents. They are grey Muppet-like characters and hate their neighbors with a passion. Gaylord deeply despises Gumball and Darwin for annoying him all the time; the boys, however, look up to him as their idol. Margaret never speaks, only vocalizing through hoarse whispers. Their constant bickering is a focal point of their relationship, though they actually enjoy doing so. Gaylord owns a prized 1970 Cadillac Coupe de Ville Convertible which often ends up getting damaged by the Wattersons, much to his annoyance.

text: Larry Needlemeyer[edit]

text: Lawrence "Larry" Needlemeyer (voiced by Kerry Shale) is a rock man who works at almost every establishment in Elmore, including the grocery store, the gas station convenience store and the DVD rental shop amongst other places. He had previously been known as "Lazy Larry", the laziest person in Elmore, until he lost his title to Richard in the summer of 1983 and subsequently morphed into a hard worker.[11] Larry was generally distrusting of the Wattersons, as they often get him into trouble at his various occupations until "The Pizza". It was revealed that he works everywhere just to pay the damages the Wattersons created that involves him.

text: Marvin Finklehimer[edit]

text: Marvin Finklehimer (voiced by Dan Russell) is an red humanoid who lives at the local retirement home. In the episode "The Watch", he feuds with Gumball and Darwin over possession of a gold watch, an heirloom which the Wattersons and Finklehimers have feuded over for several generations. Towards the end of the episode, the two sides chase each other to claim the watch and cash it in for its $700 value. Marvin is eaten by the Evil Turtle in "the Nest", though he reappears unharmed in later episodes.

text: Doughnut Sheriff[edit]

text: Doughnut Sheriff (voiced by Lewis MacLeod, season 1, Dan Russell, season 2 onwards) is a pink-frosted doughnut who, as his name suggests, is an officer in Elmore's police force. He is rather oblivious and has displayed incompetency on the job, often finding himself involved in the Watterson's antics. In the episode "The Car",his name is "Ergo".

text: Sal Left Thumb[edit]

text: Sal Left Thumb (voiced by Kerry Shale) is one of Elmore's most wanted criminals, a walking fingerprint whose weapon of choice is a rusty spoon. He is often seen robbing the local convenience store, and in "The Spoon" Gumball and Darwin become unwitting accomplices in one of his crimes.

text: Felicity and Billy Parham[edit]

text: Felicity Parham is an orange background character on the show along with her blue son William Geoffrey "Billy" Fitzgerald Kitchener Parham, III (as shown in "The Extras). Billy appears to be an intelligent boy who usually just asks his mother random questions about life. After Season 3, he gained more of an active role and was rejected from Anais Watterson's heart. So, he then became a big mouthed, smart aleck-like individual.

text: Mr. Rex[edit]

text: Mr. Rex is Tina Rex's father. He loves to eat invaders at home. He fought with Nicole when she tried to speak with him about the fight that Tina had with Gumball, leaving his ultimate fate currently unknown, although it's likely that he is still unharmed. His true appearance was originally written to be shown in the episode "The Rex", but this episode was ultimately cancelled and not produced, but later his true appearance is revealed in "The Routine", where he fought Richard while getting mayonnaise.[69]

text: Minor characters[edit]

text: Carlton and Troy[edit]

text: Two teenage human boys from Richwood High that first appeared in "The Sweaters", where they taunted Gumball and Darwin. Carlton later appears in "The Society" in a mascot costume and was kidnapped by Gumball.

text: Chi Chi and Ribbit[edit]

text: A goat and frog pair who mimic Gumball and Darwin in "The Copycats".

text: Kenneth[edit]

text: A monstrous blob monster created by gross stuff.

text: Harold Wilson[edit]

text: Harold is the father of Tobias Wilson. He seems to have been making fun of Richard Watterson ever since he played a prank on him in high school, as seen in "The Cycle."

text: Patrick Fitzgerald[edit]

text: Penny's stern father.

text: Cupcake Woman[edit]

text: A cupcake who works as a bureaucrat, a job she greatly detests, and rarely smiles.


document_title: List of Governors of Texas

question_text: who was the first republican governor elected in texas since reconstruction

root

text: List of Governors of Texas

text: Governors of Spanish Texas[edit]

text: See: List of Texas Governors and Presidents

tag: p

text: Governors of Mexican Texas[edit]

text: Presidents of the Republic of Texas[edit]

text: See: President of the Republic of Texas#List of presidents and vice presidents

text: Governors of Texas[edit]

text:
Number of Governors of Texas by party affiliation

Party
Governors

Democratic
39

Republican
7

Unionist
1

Independent
1

Military
1

tag: table

text:
#
Governor
Term in office
Party
Election
Prior office
Lt. Governor

1

James Pinckney Henderson
March 31, 1808 - June 4, 1858
(Aged 50)
February 19, 1846
-
December 21, 1847
Democratic
1845
Minister to England and France Republic of Texas
(1837-1840)

Albert Clinton Horton

2

George T. Wood
March 12, 1795 - September 3, 1858
(Aged 63)
December 21, 1847
–
December 21, 1849
Democratic
1847
Texas State Senator
(1846-1847)

John Alexander Greer

3

Peter Hansborough Bell
May 11, 1810 - March 8, 1898
(Aged 87)
December 21, 1849
–
November 23, 1853
Democratic
1849
Lieutenant colonel of the Second Regiment Texas Mounted Volunteers
(1845-1949)

1851
[15]

James W. Henderson
[16]

4

James W. Henderson
August 15, 1817 - August 30, 1880
(Aged 63)
November 23, 1853
–
December 21, 1853
Democratic
3rd Lieutenant Governor of Texas
(1851-1853)
Office vacant

5

Elisha M. Pease
January 3, 1812 - August 26, 1883
(Aged 71)
December 21, 1853
–
December 21, 1857
Unionist
1853
Texas State Senator
(1849-1851)

David Catchings Dickson

1855

Hardin Richard Runnels

6

Hardin R. Runnels
August 30, 1820 - December 25, 1873
(Aged 53)
December 21, 1857
–
December 21, 1859
Democratic
1857
3rd Lieutenant Governor of Texas
(1855-1857)

Francis Lubbock

7

Sam Houston
March 2, 1793 - July 26, 1863
(Aged 70)
December 21, 1859
–
March 16, 1861
Independent
1859
[17]
U.S. Senator from Texas
(1846-1859)

Edward Clark
[16]

8

Edward Clark
April 1, 1815 - May 4, 1880
(Aged 65)
March 18, 1861
–
November 7, 1861
Democratic
7th Lieutenant Governor of Texas
(1859-1861)
Office vacant

9

Francis Lubbock
October 16, 1815 - June 22, 1905
(Aged 89)
November 7, 1861
–
November 5, 1863
Democratic
1861
6th Lieutenant Governor of Texas
(1857-1859)

John McClannahan Crockett

10

Pendleton Murrah
1824 or 1826 - August 4, 1865
(Aged about 40)
November 5, 1863
–
June 17, 1865
Democratic
1863
[18]
Texas State Representative
(1857)

Fletcher Summerfield Stockdale
[19]

-

Fletcher Summerfield Stockdale
1823 or 1825 - February 4, 1890
(Aged about 67)
June 11, 1865
–
June 16, 1865
Military
9th Lieutenant Governor of Texas
(1863-1865)
Office vacant

11

Andrew Jackson Hamilton
January 28, 1815 - April 11, 1875
(Aged 60)
June 16, 1865
–
August 9, 1866
[20]
Democratic-Military
Texas State Senator-Elect
(1861)

12

James W. Throckmorton
February 1, 1825 - April 21, 1894
(Aged 69)
August 9, 1866
–
August 8, 1867
Democratic
1866
[21]
Captain of the 6th Texas Cavalry Regiment Confederate Army
(1861-1863)

George Washington Jones

13

Elisha M. Pease
January 3, 1812 - August 26, 1883
(Aged 71)
August 8, 1867
–
September 30, 1869
[21][22]
Republican
5th Governor of Texas
(1853-1857)
Office vacant

14

Edmund J. Davis
October 2, 1827 - February 7, 1883
(Aged 55)
January 8, 1870
–
January 15, 1874
Republican
1869
[23]
Brigadier General of the First Texas Cavalry Regiment Union Army
(1862-1865)

15

Richard Coke
March 18, 1829 - May 14, 1897
(Aged 68)
January 15, 1874
–
December 1, 1876
Democratic
1873
Associate Justice of the Texas Supreme Court
(1866-1867)

Richard B. Hubbard
[16]

1876
[24]

16

Richard B. Hubbard
November 1, 1832 - July 12, 1901
(Aged 68)
December 1, 1876
–
January 21, 1879
Democratic
16th Lieutenant Governor of Texas
(1874-1876)
Office vacant

17

Oran Milo Roberts
July 9, 1815 – May 19, 1898
(Aged 82)
January 21, 1879
–
January 16, 1883
Democratic
1878
7th Chief Justice of the Texas Supreme Court
(1874-1879)

Joseph D. Sayers

1880

Leonidas Jefferson Storey

18

John Ireland
January 1, 1827 – March 15, 1896
(Aged 69)
January 16, 1883
–
January 18, 1887
Democratic
1882
Associate Justice of the Texas Supreme Court
(1875-1876)

Francis Marion Martin

1884

Barnett Gibbs

19

Lawrence Sullivan "Sul" Ross
September 27, 1838 – January 3, 1898
(Aged 59)
January 18, 1887
–
January 20, 1891
Democratic
1886
Texas State Senator
(1881-1883)

Thomas Benton Wheeler

1888

20

Jim Hogg
March 24, 1851 – March 3, 1906
(Aged 54)
January 20, 1891
–
January 15, 1895
Democratic
1890
21st Attorney General of Texas
(1887-1891)

George Cassety Pendleton

1892

Martin McNulty Crane

21

Charles A. Culberson
June 10, 1855 – March 19, 1925
(Aged 69)
January 15, 1895
–
January 17, 1899
Democratic
1894
22nd Attorney General of Texas
(1891-1895)

George Taylor Jester

1896

22

Joseph D. Sayers
September 23, 1841 – May 15, 1929
(Aged 87)
January 17, 1899
–
January 20, 1903
Democratic
1898
U.S. Representative for Texas' 9th district
(1893-1899)

James Browning

1900

23

S. W. T. Lanham
July 4, 1846 – July 29, 1908
(Aged 62)
January 20, 1903
–
January 15, 1907
Democratic
1902
U.S. Representative for Texas' 8th district
(1897-1903)

George D. Neal

1904

24

Thomas Mitchell Campbell
April 22, 1856 – April 1, 1923
(Aged 66)
January 15, 1907
–
January 17, 1911
Democratic
1906
General Manager of the Railroad
(1892-1897)

Asbury Bascom Davidson

1908

25

Oscar Branch Colquitt
December 16, 1861 – March 8, 1940
(Aged 78)
January 17, 1911
–
January 19, 1915
Democratic
1910
Texas Railroad Commissioner
(1903-1911)

1912

William Harding Mayes

26

James E. "Pa" Ferguson
August 31, 1871 – September 21, 1944
(Aged 73)
January 19, 1915
–
August 25, 1917
Democratic
1914
Local banker
(since 1906)

William P. Hobby
[25]

1916
[26]

27

William P. Hobby
March 26, 1878 – June 7, 1964
(Aged 86)
August 25, 1917
–
January 18, 1921
Democratic
24th Lieutenant Governor of Texas
(1915-1917)
Office vacant

1918

Willard Arnold Johnson

28

Pat Morris Neff
November 26, 1871 – January 20, 1952
(Aged 80)
January 18, 1921
–
January 20, 1925
Democratic
1920
Texas State Representative
(1899-1903)

Lynch Davidson

1922

Thomas Whitfield Davidson

29

Miriam A. "Ma" Ferguson
June 13, 1875 – June 25, 1961
(Aged 86)
January 20, 1925
–
January 18, 1927
Democratic
1924
First Lady of Texas
(1915–1917)

Barry Miller

30

Dan Moody
June 1, 1893 – May 22, 1966
(Aged 72)
January 18, 1927
–
January 20, 1931
Democratic
1926
32nd Attorney General of Texas
(1931–1935)

1928

31

Ross S. Sterling
February 11, 1875 – March 25, 1949
(Aged 74)
January 20, 1931
–
January 17, 1933
Democratic
1930
Chairman of the Texas Highway Commission
(1930)

Edgar E. Witt

32

Miriam A. "Ma" Ferguson
June 13, 1875 – June 25, 1961
(Aged 86)
January 17, 1933
–
January 15, 1935
Democratic
1932
29th Governor of Texas
(1925-1927)

33

James Allred
March 29, 1899 – September 24, 1959
(Aged 60)
January 15, 1935
–
January 17, 1939
Democratic
1934
35th Attorney General of Texas
(1931–1935)

Walter Frank Woodul

1936

34

Wilbert Lee "Pappy" O'Daniel
March 11, 1890 – May 11, 1969
(Aged 79)
January 17, 1939
–
August 4, 1941
Democratic
1938
President of the Fort Worth Chamber of Commerce
(1933-1934)

Coke R. Stevenson
[25]

1940
[27]

35

Coke R. Stevenson
March 20, 1888 – June 28, 1975
(Aged 87)
August 4, 1941
–
January 21, 1947
Democratic
31st Lieutenant Governor of Texas
(1939-1941)
Office vacant

1942

John Lee Smith

1944

36

Beauford H. Jester
January 12, 1893 – July 11, 1949
(Aged 56)
January 21, 1947
–
July 11, 1949
Democratic
1946
Member of the Texas Railroad Commission
(1943-1947)

Allan Shivers
[25]

1948
[28]

37

Allan Shivers
October 5, 1907 – January 14, 1985
(Aged 77)
July 11, 1949
–
January 15, 1957
Democratic
33rd Lieutenant Governor of Texas
(1947-1949)
Office vacant

1950

Ben Ramsey

1952

1954

38

Price Daniel
October 10, 1910 – August 25, 1988
(Aged 77)
January 15, 1957
–
January 15, 1963
Democratic
1956
U.S. Senator from Texas
(1953-1957)

1958

1960

Office vacant

39

John Connally
February 27, 1917 – June 15, 1993
(Aged 76)
January 15, 1963
–
January 21, 1969
Democratic
1962
56th United States Secretary of the Navy
(1961)

Preston Smith

1964

1966

40

Preston Smith
March 8, 1912 – October 18, 2003
(Aged 91)
January 21, 1969
–
January 16, 1973
Democratic
1968
35th Lieutenant Governor of Texas
(1963-1969)

Ben Barnes

1970

41

Dolph Briscoe
April 23, 1923 – June 27, 2010
(Aged 87)
January 16, 1973
–
January 16, 1979
Democratic
1972
Texas State Representative
(1949-1957)

William P. Hobby Jr.

1974

42

Bill Clements
April 13, 1917 – May 29, 2011
(Aged 94)
January 16, 1979
–
January 18, 1983
Republican
1978
15th United States Deputy Secretary of Defense
(1973-1977)

43

Mark White
March 17, 1940 – August 5, 2017
(Aged 77)
January 18, 1983
–
January 20, 1987
Democratic
1982
46th Attorney General of Texas
(1979-1983)

44

Bill Clements
April 13, 1917 – May 29, 2011
(Aged 94)
January 20, 1987
–
January 15, 1991
Republican
1986
42nd Governor of Texas
(1979-1983)

45

Ann Richards
September 1, 1933 – September 13, 2006
(Aged 73)
January 15, 1991
–
January 17, 1995
Democratic
1990
Treasurer of Texas
(1983-1991)

Bob Bullock

46

George W. Bush
July 6, 1946 (Age 71)
January 17, 1995
–
December 21, 2000
Republican
1994
Managing General Partner of the Texas Rangers
(1989-1994)

1998
[29]

Rick Perry

47

Rick Perry
March 4, 1950 (Age 67)
December 21, 2000
–
January 20, 2015
Republican
39th Lieutenant Governor of Texas
(1999-2000)

Bill Ratliff

2002

David Dewhurst

2006

2010

48

Greg Abbott
November 13, 1957 (Age 60)
January 20, 2015
–
Incumbent
Republican
2014
[30]
50th Attorney General of Texas
(2002-2015)

Dan Patrick

text: Other high offices held[edit]

text:
Governor
Gubernatorial Term
Other high offices held

James Pinckney Henderson
1846–1847
U.S. Senator (1857–1858)

Peter Hansborough Bell
1849–1853
U.S. Representative (1853–1857)

Sam Houston
1859–1861
U.S. Representative from Tennessee (1823–1827), Governor of Tennessee (1827–1829), President of Texas (1836–1838, 1841–1844), U.S. Senator (1846–1859)

Andrew Jackson Hamilton
1865–1866
U.S. Representative (1859–1861)

James W. Throckmorton
1866–1867
U.S. Representative (1875–1879, 1883–1887)

Richard Coke
1874–1876
U.S. Senator (1877–1895)

Richard B. Hubbard
1876–1879
Minister to Japan (1885–1889)

Charles Allen Culberson
1895–1899
U.S. Senator (1899–1923)

Joseph D. Sayers
1899–1903
U.S. Representative (1885–1893, 1893–1899)

S. W. T. Lanham
1903–1907
U.S. Representative (1883–1893, 1897–1903)

W. Lee O'Daniel
1939–1941
U.S. Senator (1941–1949)

Price Daniel
1957–1963
U.S. Senator (1953–1957)

John Connally
1963–1969
U.S. Secretary of the Navy (1961), U.S. Secretary of the Treasury (1971–1972)

Bill Clements
1979–1983
1987–1991
U.S. Deputy Secretary of Defense (1973–1977)

George W. Bush
1995–2000
43rd President of the United States (2001–2009)

Rick Perry
2000–2015
United States Secretary of Energy

text: Living former governors of Texas[edit]

text: Currently, there are two living former governors of Texas. The most recent death of a former governor was that of Mark White (1983–1987), who died on August 5, 2017. The most recently serving governor of Texas who has died is Ann Richards (1991–1995, born 1933), who died on September 13, 2006. Pictured in order of service:

text:
George W. Bush
(1995–2000)
(1946-07-06) July 6, 1946 (age 71)

Rick Perry
(2000–2015)
(1950-03-04) March 4, 1950 (age 67)

tag: ul

text: Gubernatorial trivia[edit]

text: Background[edit]

text: Texas has had two female governors: Miriam A. "Ma" Ferguson and Ann Richards. Ferguson was one of the first two women elected governor of a U.S. state (on November 4, 1924), along with Nellie Tayloe Ross of Wyoming. Ross was inaugurated on January 5, 1925, while Ferguson was inaugurated on January 20, so Ross is considered the first female state governor. Ferguson was the wife of former governor Jim "Pa" Ferguson, while Richards was elected "in her own right," being neither the spouse nor widow of a governor.

text: Texas governors have been born in fourteen states: Alabama, Connecticut, Florida, Georgia, Iowa, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, Ohio, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, and Virginia.

text: Baylor University is the most common alma mater of Texas governors, with five of them - Lawrence Sullivan Ross, Pat Morris Neff, Price Daniel, Mark White, and Ann Richards - considered alumni (though Ross attended but never completed a degree). To date, Coke Stevenson is the most recent governor who never attended college, and Bill Clements is the most recent who attended college but did not graduate.

text: Elections[edit]

text: Three governors have served non-consecutive terms: Elisha M. Pease, Miriam A. Ferguson, and Bill Clements. As was the case in most Southern states, Texas did not elect any Republican governor from the end of Reconstruction until the late twentieth century. Bill Clements was the state's first Republican governor since Edmund J. Davis left office in 1874, 105 years earlier. Dolph Briscoe was the last governor to be elected to a two-year term, in 1972; he was also the first to be elected to a four-year term, in 1974, since the post-Reconstruction period when two-year terms had first been established. Rick Perry, who ascended to the governorship on December 21, 2000 upon the resignation of then-Governor George W. Bush, won full four-year terms in 2002, 2006 and 2010.

text: Texas governors in popular culture[edit]

text: W. Lee "Pappy" O'Daniel served as the inspiration for the fictional, but similarly named, Mississippi Governor Menelaus "Pappy" O'Daniel, in the film O Brother, Where Art Thou?

text: Ann Richards had a cameo appearance on an episode of the animated comedy series King of the Hill, in which she has a brief romance with Bill Dauterive after he takes the fall for mooning her in the elevator of an Austin hotel (Hank actually mooned her because he thought his friends were going to be mooning the people in the elevator but they set him up).


document_title: Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments

question_text: the objective of the clinical laboratory improvement amendments (clia) is

question_tokens: the objective of the clinical laboratory improvement amendments ( clia ) is

text: CLIA Program[edit]

text: In accord with the CLIA, the CLIA Program sets standards and issues certificates for clinical laboratory testing.[2] CLIA defines a clinical laboratory as any facility which performs laboratory testing on specimens derived from humans for the purpose of providing information for:

text:
diagnosis, prevention, or treatment of disease or impairment
Health assessments

text: An objective of the CLIA is to ensure the accuracy, reliability and timeliness of test results regardless of where the test was performed.

text: Per CLIA, each specific laboratory system, assay, examination is graded for level of complexity by assigning scores of 1, 2, or 3 for each of the following seven criteria. A score 1 is the lowest level of complexity and a score of 3 indicates the highest level. Score 2 is assigned when the characteristics for a particular test are intermediate between the descriptions listed for scores of 1 and 3.[3]

text: Criteria for categorization:

text:
Knowledge
Training and experience
Reagents and materials preparation
Characteristics of operational steps
Calibration, quality control, and proficiency testing materials
Test system troubleshooting and equipment maintenance
Interpretation and judgment

tag: ol

text: Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) has the primary responsibility for the operation of the CLIA Program. Within CMS, the program is implemented by the Center for Medicaid and State Operations, Survey and Certification Group, and the Division of Laboratory Services.

text: The CLIA Program is funded by user fees collected from approximately 200,000 laboratories, most located in the United States.[4]

text: CLIA Waived Tests[edit]

text: Under CLIA, tests and test systems that meet risk, error, and complexity requirements are issued a CLIA certificate of waiver.[5] In November 2007, the CLIA waiver provisions were revised by the United States Congress to make it clear that tests approved by the FDA for home use automatically qualify for CLIA waiver,[6] although many waived tests are not done according to designed protocols — more than 50% of such tests are done incorrectly — and result in medical errors, some with fatal consequences.[7]


document_title: Bridget Jones's Baby

question_text: who is the daddy in bridget jones baby

question_tokens: who is the daddy in bridget jones baby

text: Bridget Jones's Baby

text: Plot[edit]

text: On her 43rd birthday, Bridget Jones is awoken by her mother who reminds her that her time to have children is running out. She goes to attend the funeral of Daniel Cleaver, who is presumed dead after a plane crash. While there, she sees her ex, Mark Darcy (Colin Firth) and his new wife. They bump into one another somewhat awkwardly and then go their separate ways.

text: Bridget now works as a television producer and is close friends with the anchor of the show she runs, Miranda (Sarah Solemani), who offers to take her out for her birthday. Bridget turns down her offer to spend time with her old group of friends, but is heartbroken when they cancel on her due to commitments to their children.

text: Deciding to celebrate her single life Bridget accepts Miranda's offer to take her away for the weekend. They go to a music festival where Miranda challenges her to sleep with the first man she meets. Falling in the mud, Bridget is helped out by a random stranger. After attending an Ed Sheeran concert, a drunk Bridget crawls into a yurt she thinks belongs to her and Miranda but actually belongs to the handsome stranger she met earlier. The two have sex and in the morning Bridget makes her escape. The stranger returns disappointed that she is gone.

text: Returning home, Bridget goes to the christening of Jude's youngest child where she is the godmother and Mark has been asked to be the godfather. Mark tells her that he and his wife are planning on divorcing and Bridget has sex with him. When Mark reveals he is travelling the next day, Bridget is reminded that he had always put work before their relationship and leaves in the morning before he wakes up, leaving behind a note telling him that reconnecting with him is too painful.

text: Bridget finds that she is gaining weight. Shazzer suggests that Bridget might be pregnant, especially when she realises that Bridget used old, expired condoms when having sex. Taking a pregnancy test at work, Bridget confirms she is pregnant and decides that she wants to keep the baby as it is her last chance to have a child.

text: After a visit to the obstetrician and gynaecologist, Dr. Rawlings, she realizes that she does not know who the father is and doesn't even have a way of contacting Jack, the handsome stranger. However, Miranda spies him on TV where they realize that Jack Qwant is a billionaire and the inventor of a dating site that has an algorithm to match couples together. Miranda conspires with Bridget to have Jack on the show to take hair samples so that Bridget will be able to test it against the DNA of her baby to either confirm or eliminate Jack as the father. At the taping the hair and makeup artist is able to nab samples of Jack's hair for Bridget but Jack recognizes Bridget, and she decides to tell him that she is pregnant and that he is the father, without mentioning Mark. Initially taken aback Jack decides to throw himself into the role of supporting Bridget.

text: Feeling things are going too quickly with Jack, Bridget decides to go forward and tell Mark. However Mark is so thrilled at the news that he is about to be a father that Bridget does not tell him about Jack. Bridget also decides not to go forward with testing the DNA while her child is still in the womb as she is terrified by the possibility that she might miscarry. She persuades Dr. Rawlings to go through appointments twice, once with Jack and another time with Mark.

text: Bridget invites Jack to a work event and is startled when Mark shows up as well. The two men immediately take a liking to one another, finding the other's accomplishments impressive. They go out to dinner where Bridget finally comes clean and tells them that she is unsure who the father is. Jack takes the news well, telling Bridget that the child is the priority. Mark Darcy is upset and walks out of the restaurant.

text: At an ante-natal class, Jack arrives early and Bridget is gratified when Mark shows up as well. Jack and Mark are mistaken for a gay couple with Bridget as their surrogate, much to Mark's discomfort and Jack's amusement. Mark is also jealous at the easy rapport that Jack has with Bridget and his warmth in taking care of her.

text: Bridget experiences cramps and goes to the hospital, taking Jack with her as she is unable to reach Mark. When at last Mark arrives he is upset to see the two laughing together and embracing. Mark and Jack fight and Bridget sends them out of the room. Outside, Jack implies that he and Bridget had sex without condoms, making Mark realize that he is less likely to be the father. He leaves once again and ignores Bridget's calls.

text: Bridget continues to prepare for the arrival of her baby, now with only Jack by her side. They have a discussion where he asks her to move in with him and confesses that life for him is lonely. Bridget asks him what will happen if Mark is the father and he tells her he will need to re-evaluate their relationship if that is the case. He also confesses that the reason Mark has been absent is because Jack heavily implied that Mark was unlikely to be the father. An upset Bridget goes to talk to Mark, but sees his wife arriving at his house and decides to let him be.

text: At nine months, Bridget quits her job rather than being fired for numerous gaffes and unprofessional mishaps, notably inviting a guest onto the show with the sole intent of obtaining a sample of his DNA, live broadcasting bare arses during the launch event of a public news-gathering initiative and mixing up a guest with his chauffeur. Unemployed, exhausted, and hungry, she goes out shopping but has her card eaten by a cashpoint and locks herself out of the bank lobby, leaving her keys and her food inside. When no one buzzes her up to her building, she stands outside her apartment in the rain feeling miserable. Mark arrives and breaks in for her. He informs her that he and his wife are going through with their divorce and she was only there to pick up the last of her things. Just as they are about to kiss, Bridget's water breaks. When his phone rings for work, he throws it out the window in a romantic gesture, which leaves them without a means to call transport to the hospital. They enlist the help of a local restaurant to get them to hospital, but a traffic jam due to protests forces them to walk. Overtaken by contractions, Bridget cannot walk and Mark offers to carry her, but almost collapses. Jack arrives just in time and the two of them get Bridget to the hospital.

text: During labour, both Mark and Jack try to help Bridget. However, during labour Bridget accidentally punches Jack in the nose. She also reaches to Mark for comfort and he reassures her that she can get through labour and he will love her no matter whether the child is his or not, while sustaining an agonizing bite to the wrist by Bridget. While Jack and Mark wait outside, Jack apologizes to Mark for his behaviour and Mark accepts. Bridget gives birth to a boy and all of Bridget's friends and relatives come to visit her in the delivery room. Meanwhile, Dr. Rawlings has both men come with her to perform the DNA test. After having bonded for the last 6 months Mark and Jack each wish each other luck.

text: A year later Bridget prepares to be married. At the altar she is greeted by Jack, holding her son, and then moves forward to marry Mark. After the wedding, Mark and Jack, now friends, head to the reception together while Bridget carries her and Mark's son, William.

text: A newspaper lying on a bench reveals that Daniel Cleaver has been found alive in the woods in the wreckage of the plane.

text: Cast[edit]

text:
Renée Zellweger as Bridget Jones
Colin Firth as Mark Darcy, QC
Patrick Dempsey as Jack Qwant
Jim Broadbent as Mr. Colin Jones
Gemma Jones as Mrs. Pamela Jones
Sally Phillips as Sharon "Shazzer"
James Callis as Tom
Shirley Henderson as Jude
Julian Rhind-Tutt as Fergus, Shazzer's husband
Ben Willbond as Giles, Jude's husband
Sarah Solemani as Miranda, Bridget's friend and Hard News's anchorwoman
Neil Pearson as Richard Finch, Bridget's colleague
Kate O'Flynn as Alice Peabody, Hard News's new manager
Joanna Scanlan as Cathy, Hard News's make-up artist
Emma Thompson as Doctor Rawlings
Celia Imrie as Una Alconbury, Pamela's friend
James Faulkner as Uncle Geoffrey, Una's husband
Enzo Cilenti as Gianni, the owner of an Italian restaurant
Jessica Hynes as Magda, Bridget's friend and a lawyer's wife
Dolly Wells as Woney, Bridget's old friend
Agni Scott as Camilla, Mark's ex-wife
Shirley Dixon as Mrs Darcy, Mark's mother
Donald Douglas as Admiral Darcy, Mark's father
Nick Mohammed as Ariyaratna, the Area manager for DTC technological solutions
Patrick Malahide as George Wilkins, foreign minister
Katia Elizarova as Glamorous Looking Woman, ex-girlfriend of Daniel Cleaver
Tom Rosenthal as Josh, a researcher of Hard News
Beattie Edmondson as Laura, young assistant of Bridget
Laura Checkley as Susan, floor manager of Hard News
Darren Boyd as Jeremy
Bruce Wang as General Lu Tong
Chooye Bay as General Lu Tong's driver
Janet Henfrey as Mavis Enderbury, a rival of Pamela, who ran for municipal council
Rafferty Railton as Spike, Shazzer and Fergus' son
Abigail Kimber as Ruby, Shazzer and Fergus' daughter
Amy Jayne as Poppy, Jude and Giles' daughter
Ed Sheeran as himself

text: Production[edit]

text: In July 2009, Variety announced that a third instalment of the Bridget Jones films was in the early stages of development. Working Title Films confirmed that it would not be based on Helen Fielding's third Bridget Jones novel, but instead would be based on the columns she wrote for The Independent in 2005.[4][5] On 1 March 2011, it was reported that both Renée Zellweger and Colin Firth were interested in reprising their roles.[6] In July 2011, Paul Feig was in final talks to direct the film based on the script by author Fielding.[7] On 11 August 2011, Universal Studios and Working Title greenlit the third film.[8] On 4 October 2011, Deadline reported that Feig had exited the project due to creative differences with Working Title, and Feig had also worked on the recent draft of the script.[9][10] Production was slated to begin in January 2012 with the returning cast including Zellweger, Firth, and Hugh Grant.[9] On 30 November 2011, Peter Cattaneo came on board to direct the sequel, newly titled "Bridget Jones's Baby" from a script by Fielding, Feig, and David Nicholls.[11] Producers on board were Tim Bevan and Eric Fellner of Working Title, along with Jonathan Cavendish of Little Bird.[11] The production was delayed due to creative differences between the script of the film and actors, especially Grant as he disliked the script and reportedly Grant had left the project, though this was denied by producer Bevan.[10] However, the producer confirmed that they were working on the script and the film would be made as planned.[10]

text: In April 2013, Firth spoke to the Chicago Sun-Times, stating "unfortunately, it might be a bit of a long wait," and he said he "wouldn't say that it's completely dead in the water, but the way it's going, you might be seeing Bridget Jones's granddaughter's story being told by the time we get there."[12] In an interview on 10 October 2014, Grant mentioned an existing script for a sequel, though he also expressed his dislike for it, and stated that he would not star in the third film.[13][14][15] Later in the next week, producers hired Emma Thompson to rewrite the original script written by Fielding and Nicholls.[16]

text: On 25 June 2015, it was reported that final negotiations for the film were going on and Sharon Maguire, director of the first film would return to direct the third film.[14] Gemma Jones and Jim Broadbent were also in talks to return for the third film to join the cast.[14][17] On 9 September 2015, Patrick Dempsey joined the cast of the film.[18]

text: Filming[edit]

text: Filming for a short period began in July 2015 in Dublin, where the first scenes for the film were shot at Ed Sheeran's concert at Croke Park.[19][20] Official principal photography with the actual cast began on 2 October 2015 in London.[18][21]

text: The Television Studio interior scenes, the Hospital Ward interiors and various other scenes were shot on Stages 5 and 6 at West London Film Studios.

text: On 13 October 2015, shooting was taking place at Borough Market,[22] and later in October in Windsor Great Park, at Rosy Bottom.[23] On 26 October 2015, filming took place at a church in Oxfordshire.[24]

text: Filming wrapped up on 27 November 2015.[25] Reshoots took place for one week starting 8 January 2016.[26]

text: Music[edit]

text: Release[edit]

text: In October 2015, Bridget Jones's Baby was set for a 16 September 2016 release.[27][28] On 23 March the first trailer was released.[29] Like the previous two films, the movie received an R rating.[30] Renee Zellweger's physical appearance in the trailer for the film has rekindled a debate about the possibility that Zellweger had plastic surgery, which began in 2014 when she re-emerged from a long hiatus.[31] An editorial focused on the trailer for the film by Variety critic Owen Gleiberman titled "Renee Zellweger: If She No Longer Looks Like Herself, Has She Become a Different Actress?"[32] triggered a firestorm of controversy including responses from Zellweger herself, who called the scrutiny over her appearance "sexist" and attributing her difference in appearance solely to "ageing," and wrote an open essay explaining her response in the weeks before the film's release.[33]

text: Reception[edit]

text: Box office[edit]

text: Bridget Jones's Baby grossed $212 million worldwide, including $24.1 million in the United States and Canada and $60 million in the United Kingdom, against a budget of $35 million.[2]

text: The film was released in North America on 16 September 2016 and was projected to gross $12–16 million in its opening weekend from 2,927 theaters.[34][35] It made $364,000 from its Thursday night previews and $3 million on its first day.[36] In total, the film made $8.2 million in its opening weekend, falling below projections and scoring the lowest opening of the series.[37]

text: Internationally, where Universal Pictures handled most of the releases, the film fared better and especially in the U.K. where the previous two installments registered the biggest grossers. It debuted day-and-date in conjuncture with its North American release in 41 countries, including big markets like the UK and Ireland, Russia, Australia, Mexico and Spain in its opening weekend.[34][38] The film will be released in a total of 62 countries.[39][40] It scored the biggest opening day in the franchise in the U.K., the Netherlands and Latin America including Mexico, Panama and Peru, and had No. 1 opening days in the U.K., Australia, Spain, Denmark, Finland, Hungary, Norway, Poland, Sweden, Croatia, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Africa and Ukraine.[39] Through Sunday, 18 September, it had an opening weekend of $29.9 million from 39 markets and debuted at No. 1 in 24 of them.[41] It was in second place at the box office, behind A Chinese Odyssey Part Three.[42] It topped the international box office in its second weekend, earning $21.9 million from 47 markets.[43] It recorded the biggest debut in the franchise and had No. 1 openings in certain markets like Australia ($4.2 million), the Netherlands ($1.9 million), Spain ($1.7 million), Iceland and New Zealand and bowed at second place in France ($3.7 million) and Russia ($1.4 million).[41][43][44]

text: In the United Kingdom and Ireland – the biggest market for the first two films – the film opened on Friday, 16 September, and recorded the biggest comedy/romantic comedy opening day ever, as well as the biggest Working Title and September opening of all time with $4 million at 641 theaters.[39] It went on to score a record breaking £8.11 million ($10.5 million) opening and dominated 57% of the total market share which is the biggest romantic comedy opening weekend ever in the UK; the biggest opening weekend ever for Working Title; and the biggest September launch weekend of all time.[41] Excluding previews, the film has the seventh biggest debut of the year.[45] The film fell just 20% in its second weekend to £6.4 million ($8.3 million)[46] and continued to lead the box office for the third consecutive weekend, despite the influx of a row of competitions.[47] After three straight wins, it was surpassed by The Girl on the Train in its fourth weekend.[44] It broke a number of records including the fastest romantic comedy to earn £30 million, doing so on its seventeenth day (the first film took 31 days and the second film took 24 days).[48] It has so far grossed a total of $54 million there becoming the biggest market outside of North America like its predecessors.[40] Adjusted for inflation it is the lowest-grossing film behind both the films (£73.1 million and £57.8 million respectively).[49]

text: After 31 days of playing in theaters, the film became the biggest film in the franchise in the United Kingdom with £42.24 million, surpassing the first film's final gross of £42 million. It currently sits as the third biggest film of 2016 behind Finding Dory (£42.25 million) and The Jungle Book (£46.1 million).[50] In Netherlands, it is the highest-grossing Working Title picture of all time with $8.1 million — passing Notting Hill (1999), which held the record for 17 years.[40]

text: Critical response[edit]

text: Bridget Jones's Baby received generally positive reviews from critics. On Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 77%, based on 188 reviews, with an average rating of 6.3/10. The site's critical consensus reads, "Bridget Jones's Baby might be late on arrival, but fans of the series should still find its third installment a bouncing bundle of joy."[51] On Metacritic, which assigns a normalized rating to reviews, the film has a score 59 out of 100, based on 42 critics, indicating "mixed or average reviews".[52] Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "B+" on an A+ to F scale.[53]

text: Awards and nominations[edit]

text:
Year
Association
Category
Nominee(s)
Result

2017
ASCAP Film and Television Music Awards
Top Box Office Movie
Craig Armstrong[54]
Won

2017
Diversity in Media Awards
Movie of the Year
Bridget Jones's Baby[54]
Nominated

2017
EDA Awards
AWFJ Hall of Shame
Sharon Maguire[54]
Won

2017
European Film Awards
People's Choice Award for Best European Film
Sharon Maguire[54]
Nominated

2017
Globes de Cristal Awards
Best Foreign Film
Sharon Maguire[54]
Nominated