document_title: Lug nut

question_text: when are wheel lock lug nuts commonly used

text: Lug nut

text: Design[edit]

text: A lug nut is a nut with one rounded or conical (tapered) end, used on steel and most aluminum wheels. A set of lug nuts are typically used to secure a wheel to threaded wheel studs and thereby to a vehicle's axles.

text: Some designs (Audi, BMW, Mercedes-Benz, Saab, Volkswagen) use lug bolts instead of nuts, which screw into a tapped (threaded) hole in the wheel's hub or drum brake or disc. This configuration is commonly known as a bolted joint.

text: The conical lug's taper is normally 60 degrees (although 45 is common for wheels designed for racing applications), and is designed to center the wheel accurately on the axle, and to reduce the tendency for the nut to loosen, due to fretting induced precession, as the car is driven. One popular alternative to the conical lug seating design is the spherical, or ball seat. Automotive manufactures as Audi, BMW and Honda use this design rather than a tapered seat, but the nut performs the same function.[dubious – discuss][citation needed] Older style (non-ferrous) alloy wheels have a 1/2 to 1 inch cylindrical shank slipping into the wheel to center it and a washer that applies pressure to clamp the wheel to the axle.

text: Wheel lug nuts may have different shapes. Aftermarket alloy and forged rims often require specific lug nuts to match their mounting holes, so it is often required to get a new set of lug nuts when the rims are changed.

text: There are 4 common lug nut types:

text:
cone seat
bulge cone seat
under hub cap
spline drive.

tag: ol

text: Removal and installation[edit]

text: Lug nuts may be removed using a lug, socket or impact wrench. If the wheel is to be removed then an automotive jack to raise the vehicle and some wheel chocks would be used as well. Wheels that have hubcaps or hub covers need these removed beforehand, typically with a screwdriver,[1] flatbar, or prybar. Lug nuts can be difficult to remove, as they may become frozen to the wheel stud. In such cases a breaker bar or repeated blows from an impact wrench can be used to free them. Alternating between tightening and loosening can free especially stubborn lug nuts.

text: Lug nuts must be installed in an alternating pattern, commonly referred to as a star pattern.[2] This ensures a uniform distribution of load across the wheel mounting surface. When installing lug nuts, it is recommended to tighten them with a calibrated torque wrench. While a lug, socket or impact wrench may be used to tighten lug nuts the final tightening should be performed by a torque wrench, ensuring an accurate and adequate load is applied. Torque specifications vary by vehicle and wheel type. Both vehicle and wheel manufacturers provide recommended torque values which should be consulted when an installation is done. Failure to abide by the recommended torque value can result in damage to the wheel and brake rotor/drum. Additionally, under tightened lug nuts may come loose with time.

text: Detecting loose nuts[edit]

text: In order to allow early detection of loose lug nuts, some large vehicles are fitted with loose wheel nut indicators. The indicator spins with the nut, so that it can be detected with a visual inspection.

text: Anti-theft nuts or bolts[edit]

text: In countries where the theft of alloy wheels is a serious problem, locking nuts (or bolts, as applicable) are available - or already fitted by the vehicle manufacturer - which require a special adaptor ("key") between the nut and the wrench to fit and remove. The key is normally unique to each set of nuts. Only one locking nut per wheel is normally used, so they are sold in sets of four. Most designs can be defeated using a hardened removal tool which uses a left-hand self-cutting thread to grip the locking nut, although more advanced designs have a spinning outer ring to frustrate such techniques.

text: History[edit]

text: In the United States, vehicles manufactured by the Chrysler Corporation used left-hand and right-hand screw thread for different sides of the vehicle to prevent loosening prior to the 1975 models. Most Buicks, Pontiacs, and Oldsmobiles used both left-handed and right-handed lug nuts prior to model year 1965.[3] It was later realized that the taper seat performed the same function. Modern vehicles use right-hand threads on all wheels.


document_title: Kung Fu Panda 2

question_text: who did jean claude van damme play in kung fu panda 2

root

text: Kung Fu Panda 2

text: Plot[edit]

text: Lord Shen, the scion of a peacock clan that rules Gongmen City in ancient China, seeks to weaponize gunpowder, which had recently been invented to create fireworks. After discovering from the court's goat soothsayer that "a warrior of black-and-white" will defeat him if he does not change his ways, Shen leads an army of wolves to exterminate the panda population to avert the prophecy. Shen's parents are horrified at this atrocity and exile their son, who swears revenge.

tag: p

text: Decades later, Po is living his dream as the Dragon Warrior, protecting the Valley of Peace alongside his friends and fellow kung fu masters, the Furious Five. His teacher Shifu tells him, however, that he has yet to achieve inner peace. While defending a village from wolf bandits who have been stealing refined metal for Shen, Po is distracted by a symbol on the wolf leader's armor, which causes Po to have a flashback of his mother and allows the wolves to escape. Po asks his goose father, Mr. Ping, about his origins. Ping reveals that he found Po as an infant in a radish crate and adopted him, but Po remains unsatisfied, wondering how and why he ended up in the Valley of Peace.

text: Shifu receives word that Shen has returned to Gongmen City and killed Thundering Rhino, the leader of the kung fu council protecting the City, and is plotting to conquer China with his newly developed weapon, a cannon. Shifu sends Po and the Furious Five to Gongmen City to stop Shen and destroy his weapon. They find the city occupied by Shen's forces, with the two surviving council members Storming Ox and Croc imprisoned. The six heroes ask the council members for help to liberate the city, but the two cite their helplessness against Shen's weapon and refuse. Po and the Five are discovered by the wolf boss and give chase, only to be arrested in front of Shen's tower.

text: Upon being brought before Shen in his tower, Po and the Five free themselves and destroy Shen's weapon. However, Po is again distracted by a flashback upon seeing the same symbol as before on Shen's plumage, realizing Shen was there the last night Po saw his parents. This allows Shen to escape and destroy the tower with an arsenal of cannons. After Po and the Five escape, Tigress tells Po to stay behind for his own safety. Despite this, Po breaks into the factory to question Shen about his past, inadvertently foiling the Five's plan to destroy the factory. Shen claims that Po's parents abandoned him, and then blasts Po out of the factory into a river with a cannon, where he is presumed dead.

text: Po survives and is rescued by the soothsayer, who takes him to the ruins of the nearby village where Po was born. Guided by the soothsayer to embrace his past, Po remembers that when he was an infant, his parents had sacrificed themselves to save him from Shen's army, his mother hiding him in a radish crate and luring Shen's forces away from him. Po attains inner peace, realizing that he has lived a happy and fulfilling life despite this early tragedy.

text: Po returns to Gongmen City to save the captive Five and prevent Shen's conquest of China. A battle ensues between Shen's armada, sailing in the heart of Gongmen City, and Po and the Five, joined by Shifu, who has persuaded Ox and Croc to help. Po modifies the movements used during his inner peace training to redirect Shen's cannonballs against his own armada, destroying it. Po then urges Shen to let go of his own past, but Shen attacks Po until Shen slashes the ropes holding up his last cannon, which falls on top of him, crushing him to death while the ship explodes. Victorious, Po returns to the Valley of Peace and reunites with Mr. Ping, lovingly declaring the goose to be his father.

text: At the same time, Po's birth father is revealed to have survived Shen's attack and is shown to be living in a far-off, hidden village inhabited by surviving pandas, and senses that his son is still alive.

text: Cast[edit]

text:
Jack Black as Po
Angelina Jolie as Master Tigress
Dustin Hoffman as Master Shifu
Gary Oldman as Lord Shen
Jackie Chan as Master Monkey
Lucy Liu as Master Viper
Seth Rogen as Master Mantis
David Cross as Master Crane
James Hong as Mr. Ping
Michelle Yeoh as Soothsayer
Danny McBride as Wolf Boss
Dennis Haysbert as Master Storming Ox
Jean-Claude Van Damme as Master Croc
Victor Garber as Master Thundering Rhino
Fred Tatasciore as Li Shan
Conrad Vernon as Boar

tag: ul

text: Production[edit]

text: After the original Kung Fu Panda was released in June 2008, DreamWorks Animation planned a second film with the subtitle Pandamoneum,[5] which was changed by 2010 to The Kaboom of Doom[6] before simply being retitled to Kung Fu Panda 2. Jennifer Yuh Nelson, who was head of story for the first film, was hired to direct the sequel. The original film's cast members reprised their voice roles. Like the other DreamWorks Animation films that began production in 2009, Kung Fu Panda 2 was produced in DreamWorks' stereoscopic 3-D technology of InTru 3D.

text: Jonathan Aibel and Glenn Berger, screenwriters and co-producers for the first film, returned to write and co-produce the sequel,[7] with Charlie Kaufman consulting[8][9] on the screenplay early on in the development process.[10]

text: In Kung Fu Panda 2, the production crew showed increased familiarity with Chinese culture. In 2008, after the release of Kung Fu Panda, DreamWorks CEO Jeffrey Katzenberg and other DreamWorks members visited the city of Chengdu, which is considered as the "panda hometown".[11] In addition to seeing real pandas, crew members learned about the local culture. Katzenberg has stated that the sequel incorporates many elements of Chengdu in the film.[12] The film's landscape and architecture also found inspiration from those found at Mount Qingcheng, a renowned Taoist mountain.[13] In an interview with Movieline, Berger stated that "we never really thought of this as a movie set in China for Americans; it's a movie set in an mythical, universalized China for everyone in the world."[14]

text: Release[edit]

text: Kung Fu Panda 2 was screened at the 2011 Cannes Film Festival in early May before its commercial release.[15] In the United States, it premiered on May 22, 2011, at Grauman's Chinese Theatre, in Hollywood, California.[16] The film was widely released in the United States on May 26, 2011, in the United Kingdom on June 10, 2011, and in Australia on June 23, 2011. It was also released in IMAX theaters in the EMEA region.[17]

text: Home media[edit]

text: The film was released on DVD and Blu-ray on December 13, 2011, accompanied with the short film Kung Fu Panda: Secrets of the Masters and an episode of the Kung Fu Panda: Legends of Awesomeness television series.[18]

text: Reception[edit]

text: Critical reception[edit]

text: On the review aggregator site Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 81% based on 167 reviews, and an average rating of 6.9/10. The site's critical consensus reads, "The storyline arc may seem a tad familiar to fans of the original, but Kung Fu Panda 2 offers enough action, comedy, and visual sparkle to compensate."[19] On Metacritic the film has a weighted average score of 67 out of 100 based on 31 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews".[20]

text: Variety called the film "a worthy sequel that gets an extra kick from the addition of dynamic 3D fight sequences,"[21] while The Hollywood Reporter similarly praised the film.[22] Roger Ebert gave the film 3.5 out of 4 stars, praising the sequel as superior to the original and as an ambitious extension of the previous story.[23]

text: Some critics noted the influences of executive producer Guillermo del Toro's works in the film's darker themes,[24] and Jim Tudor of TwitchFilm.net describes that with del Toro on board, the film "effectively probes deeper into Po's emerging hero's journey and personal issues, evoking a truly fulfilling Campbellian archetype, but also remains fully viable as mainstream entertainment suitable for all ages."[25]

text: As with the first film, the animation has been praised. Frank Lovece of Film Journal International describes the film as "truly beautiful to behold" and states it "works on both aesthetic and emotional levels".[26] Betsy Sharkey of the Los Angeles Times writes that "For Panda 2 is not just wall-to-wall animation, it is artistry of the highest order."[27] Many critics praised Gary Oldman for his voice acting and developed characterization of Lord Shen, with some comparing him favorably to Ian McShane's voice performance as Tai Lung in the original film, with Angie Errigo of Empire Magazine calling him "fabulous as the feathered fiend and his character animators do his performance proud with a stunning, balletic fighting style, the fan tail flicking with lethal fascination."[28] Kyle Smith of the New York Post said, "It's a bit hard to be terrified of a peacock (the snow leopard in the first movie was way more sinister). But the animators are in charge, and they succeed in dazzling with Lord Shen's look."[29]

text: Box office[edit]

text: The film grossed $165.2 million in the United States and Canada, along with $500.4 million in other territories for a worldwide total of $665.7 million.[2] In total, 3D contributed approximately 53% of the film's worldwide gross.[30] Worldwide, it is the highest-grossing 2011 animated film and the sixth highest-grossing film of 2011.[31] Overall, it is the 14th highest-grossing animated film and the 69th highest-grossing film.[32] On its first weekend, it earned $108.9 million worldwide, ranking third behind Pirates of the Caribbean: On Stranger Tides and The Hangover Part II.[33] It was the highest-grossing film directed by a woman until Frozen two years later, as the well as the highest-grossing film directed solely by a woman until 2017's Wonder Woman.[34]

text: In North America, the film earned $5.8 million on its opening day (Thursday, May 26, 2011), ranking second behind The Hangover: Part II.[35] On Friday, the film earned $13.1 million, which was behind the original's $20.3 million opening Friday.[36] Over the three-day weekend (Friday-to-Sunday), the film earned $47.7 million, which was behind the original's $60.2 million debut.[37] The film went on to make $13.2 million on Memorial Day, bringing its 4-day weekend to $60.9 million.[38]

text: Outside North America, the film debuted with $55.5 million on the same weekend as its North American debut, topping the box office in nine out of eleven countries in which it was released. It ranked third overall behind Pirates of the Caribbean: On Stranger Tides and The Hangover Part II.[39] The film topped the box office outside North America on two consecutive weekends (its third and fourth weekend).[40][41]

text: In China, its highest-grossing market after North America, two different grosses were reported, one a $19.3 million two-day weekend and the other a $16.7 million two-day weekend. Either way, the film set an opening-day record in the country.[42][43] It earned $93.19 million in total, making it the highest-grossing animated film released in China, surpassing previous record-holder Kung Fu Panda ($26,024,298).[44] It held the record until 2015, when it was surpassed by Chinese Monkey King: Hero Is Back.[45] The Asian-themed film scored the largest opening weekend for an animated film in Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, in South Korea and Thailand.[46][47] It became the highest-grossing film released in Vietnam, surpassing Avatar.[48][49]

text: Accolades[edit]

text:
Award
Category
Winner/Nominee
Result

Academy Awards[50]
Best Animated Feature
Jennifer Yuh Nelson
Nominated

Alliance of Women Film Journalists[51]
Best Animated Film

Best Animated Female
Angelina Jolie

Best Woman Director
Jennifer Yuh Nelson

Annie Awards[52][53]
Best Animated Feature

Animated Effects in an Animated Production
Dave Tidgwell
Jason Mayer

Character Animation in a Feature Production
Dan Wagner
Pierre Perifel

Directing in a Feature Production
Jennifer Yuh Nelson
Won

Production Design in a Feature Production
Raymond Zilbac

Storyboarding in a Feature Production
Gary Graham
Philip Craven
Nominated

Voice Acting in a Feature Production
Gary Oldman

Voice Acting in a Feature Production
James Hong

Editing in a Feature Production
Clare Knight

Critics' Choice Awards[54]
Best Animated Feature

Golden Reel Awards[55]
Best Sound Editing – Sound Effects, Foley, Dialogue and ADR in an Animation Feature Film
John Marquis

Golden Tomato Awards 2011[56]
Best Animated Film
Kung Fu Panda 2
5th Place

Denver Film Critics Society[57]
Best Animated Film

Nominated

Houston Film Critics Society[58]
Best Animated

Kids' Choice Awards[59]
Favorite Animated Movie

Favorite Voice From an Animated Movie
Jack Black

Online Film Critics Society[60]
Best Animated Feature

People's Choice Awards[61]
Favorite Movie Animated Voice
Jack Black

Producers Guild of America Awards[62]
Best Animated Theatrical Motion Pictures
Melissa Cobb

San Diego Film Critics Society Awards[63]
Best Animated Film

Satellite Awards[64]
Motion Picture, Animated or Mixed Media

Saturn Awards[65]
Best Animated Film

St. Louis Gateway Film Critics Association Awards[66]
Best Animated Film

Teen Choice Awards[67]
Choice Movie Animated Voice
Jack Black

Visual Effects Society Awards[68]
Outstanding Visual Effects in an Animated Feature Motion Picture

Women Film Critics Circle[69]
Best Animated Females

tag: table

text: Marketing[edit]

text: DreamWorks Animation has invested $100 million in creating promotional partners and building up marketing for its films. For Kung Fu Panda 2, DWA has partnerships with McDonald's, AT&T, Best Buy, General Mills (cereals), Sun-Maid (raisins), Airheads (candy), Hint Water and HP. The film's characters are used in products and advertising campaigns across various media. The studio is also pursuing social media efforts to promote the film.[70]

text: DWA partnered with House Foods America to brand its products, notably tofu, with advertising of the film. Variety reported that the partnership was the first-ever between a film studio and a tofu company. The studio also enlisted the parade balloon of Po from the Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade to tour in six cities, concluding with Los Angeles over Memorial Day weekend in late May 2011.[70]

text: Merchandise was also produced for the film: Fisher-Price (toys), THQ (video games), Hallmark (cards), and Jem Sportswear (apparel). Publishers VTech, Penguin Books, Dalmatian Press, and Ape Entertainment released books tied to the film.[70]

text: Soundtrack[edit]

text:
Kung Fu Panda 2:
Music from the Motion Picture

Soundtrack album by Hans Zimmer & John Powell

Released
May 24, 2011

Recorded
2011

Genre
Score

Length
64:26[71][72]

Label
Varèse Sarabande

Producer
Hans Zimmer
John Powell

Hans Zimmer film scores chronology

Pirates of the Caribbean: On Stranger Tides
(2011)Pirates of the Caribbean: On Stranger Tides2011
Kung Fu Panda 2
(2011)
Sherlock Holmes: A Game of Shadows
(2011)Sherlock Holmes: A Game of Shadows2011

John Powell film scores chronology

Rio
(2011) Rio2011
Kung Fu Panda 2
(2011) Kung Fu Panda 22011
Happy Feet Two
(2011) Happy Feet Two2011

text: Kung Fu Panda 2 is the soundtrack of the film of the same name, collaboratively scored by Hans Zimmer and John Powell and originally released on May 24, 2011.[73]

text: Track listing[edit]

text:
No.
Title
Length

1.
"Ancient China / Story of Shen"
2:43

2.
"Dumpling Warrior"
1:19

3.
"Inner Peace"
2:26

4.
"Musicians Village"
1:20

5.
"Save Kung Fu"
3:41

6.
"Daddy Issues"
4:22

7.
"Stealth Mode"
4:04

8.
"Gongmen Jail"
2:40

9.
"Rickshaw Chase"
2:36

10.
"Po and Shen / Face to Face"
5:58

11.
"More Cannons!"
3:00

12.
"Fireworks Factory"
6:49

13.
"Po Finds the Truth"
5:04

14.
"Invasion Begins"
2:37

15.
"Zen Ball Master"
7:21

16.
"My Fist Hungers for Justice"
4:55

17.
"Dumpling Warrior Remix"
3:31

Total length:
64:26

text: Video game[edit]

text: A video game adaptation of the film was developed by Griptonite Games and published by THQ on May 23, 2011. The game was released for PlayStation 3, Xbox 360, Wii and Nintendo DS platforms. The plot takes place after the events of the film, and features Po and the rest of the Furious Five troubled by an evil group of Komodo dragon mercenaries. With the help of the other kung fu masters, Po has to uncover the plot behind this siege and put a stop to it.

text: Sequels[edit]

text: A sequel, Kung Fu Panda 3, was released on January 29, 2016.[4] It was directed again by Jennifer Yuh Nelson,[74] and was produced in co-production with the Chinese-American studio Oriental DreamWorks.[75]

text: DreamWorks Animation CEO Jeffrey Katzenberg said back in 2010 that perhaps the series could see three more sequels after Kung Fu Panda 3, bringing it to a six-film series.[76]

text: Other media[edit]

text: Beside the main films, Kung Fu Panda franchise also consists of three short films Kung Fu Panda: Secrets of the Furious Five, Kung Fu Panda Holiday Special and Kung Fu Panda: Secrets of the Masters. A television series titled Kung Fu Panda: Legends of Awesomeness aired on Nickelodeon from September 19, 2011 to June 29, 2016. The show ran for three seasons and had a total of 78 episodes.

text: Notes[edit]

text: Jump up ^ In July 2014, the film's distribution rights were purchased by DreamWorks Animation from Paramount Pictures.[3]


document_title: Democratic republic

question_text: where does the ultimate power reside in a democracy

text: Democratic republic

text:
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text: A democratic republic is both a republic and a democracy.

text: Overview[edit]

text: A republic is:

text:
a sovereign state
whose ultimate power rests in its citizens entitled to vote
who (directly or indirectly) elect representatives to wield that power.

text: A democracy is:

text:
a form of government, whose power rests equally in its citizens,
who (directly or indirectly) elect representatives to wield that power.

text: Absent qualification, not all citizens in a 'republic' are necessarily entitled to vote, and absent qualification, a 'democracy' is not necessarily sovereign.

text: As both, a "democratic republic" is ideally:

text:
a sovereign state,
whose ultimate power rests in its citizens, equally entitled to vote,
who (directly or indirectly) elect representatives to wield that power.

text: In practice, governments only approximate those ideals. Not all persons in all states are citizens and not all citizens are entitled to vote. Suffrage is commonly restricted to citizens of voting age; and may be restricted by several other criteria.

text: Ideally, elections ensure that governmental authority is wielded according to the will of the citizens. However, wielding power indirectly, through representatives, assures some disparity between the will of the people and the actions of government. In the best cases, citizens elect only their wisest peers as representatives – amplifying governmental wisdom beyond that of the average citizen. However, delegating authority to representatives often yields other less desirable results.

text: Given the lofty ideals implied in the phrase, it is unsurprising there is disagreement on how a "democratic republic" is best implemented – and disagreement on whether a particular government, as implemented, is appropriately described as a "democratic republic". Several countries have the term "democratic republic" in their official names – colloquially known as Algeria, East Congo, Ethiopia, North Korea, Laos, Nepal, Sri Lanka, and East Timor – all of which, with the exception of Sri Lanka and East Timor, are identified as undemocratic by the democracy index and "not free" by the U.S.-based, U.S.-government-funded non-governmental organization, Freedom House. In addition, the East Germany was also officially known as the German Democratic Republic, but in fact, like the Somali Democratic Republic and People's Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, was controlled by a bureaucratic regime espousing communism. Other organizations use a variety of factors to characterize the quality and equity of governance, as reflected in their various indices of freedom. The differences between states labeled "democratic republic" can be quite dramatic, as with the 'Democratic People's Republic of Korea', rated the least democratic government in the world.


document_title: Pete the Pup

question_text: what kind of dog is petey from the little rascals save the day

text: Pete the Pup

text: History[edit]

text: When he was about six months old, Pal the Wonder Dog made a cameo appearance in the Harold Lloyd film The Freshman, in 1925.[2]

text: Pal first started out as "Tige" in the Buster Brown series in the 1920s. It was during this time that he acquired the circled eye, and when he was recruited to appear in the Our Gang comedies later that year, Hal Roach simply left it on, creating one of the most recognized dogs in film history.

text: Trainer and owner Lt. Harry Lucenay used one of Pal's offspring as Pete in the series after Pal was poisoned and died in 1930.[3] The dog, named Lucenay's Peter, was bred by A. A. Keller. The second Pete looked very similar to the first Pete but was a mirror image; the circle around first Pete's right eye was around the left eye of his son, the second Pete. The second Pete appeared as a puppy on Pups Is Pups and was nearly full-grown on his second appearance, School's Out. The second Pete's last Our Gang appearance was The Pooch in 1933. The plot had a dog catcher who attempts to  catch Pete and euthanise him, but is unsuccessful. After Lucenay was fired from the Our Gang series in 1932, he retired Peter to Atlantic City, where he was photographed with children at the Steel Pier. Beginning with Hook and Ladder (filmed the same year), an unrelated dog played Pete, after which, various unrelated dogs would play the role through 1938.

text: In the 1982 cartoon series produced by Hanna-Barbera, he was voiced by Peter Cullen.  In the 1994 feature film remake of The Little Rascals, Pete is an American Bulldog, and in the 2014 movie The Little Rascals Save the Day, Pete is a mutt.

text: A parody of Pete appeared breifly in the Bob Hope short Watch the Birdie, produced by competitor, Warner Bros.

text: Death[edit]

text: Roach used a number of unrelated dogs to portray Pete in Our Gang until 1938.[3] Lucenay's Peter continued on and died of old age on January 28, 1946, in Los Angeles, California, at age 16 years/4 months, two years after the Our Gang series ended. Pete is buried at Los Angeles Pet Memorial Park at Calabasas, Los Angeles County, California, United States.


document_title: The Fate of the Furious

question_text: who died in the fate of the furious 8

question_tokens: who died in the fate of the furious 8

text: The Fate of the Furious

text: Plot[edit]

text: Dominic "Dom" Toretto and Letty Ortiz are on their honeymoon in Havana when Dom's cousin Fernando gets in trouble owing money to local racer Raldo. Sensing Raldo is a loan shark, Dom challenges Raldo to a race, pitting Fernando's reworked car against Raldo's, and wagering his own show car. After narrowly winning the race, Dom allows Raldo to keep his car, earning his respect, and instead leaves his cousin with his show car.

text: The next day, Dom is approached by the elusive cyberterrorist Cipher who coerces him into working for her. Shortly afterwards, Dom and his team, comprising Letty, Roman Pearce, Tej Parker, and Ramsey, are recruited by Diplomatic Security Service (DSS) agent Luke Hobbs to help him retrieve an EMP device from a military outpost in Berlin. During the getaway, Dom goes rogue, forcing Hobbs off the road and stealing the device for Cipher. Hobbs is arrested and locked up in the same high-security prison he helped imprison Deckard Shaw in. After escaping, Deckard and Hobbs are recruited by intelligence operative Mr. Nobody and his protégé to help the team find Dom and capture Cipher. Deckard reveals that Cipher had hired his brother Owen to steal the Nightshade device and Mose Jakande to steal God's Eye, Ramsey's software program. The team tracks Dom and Cipher to their very location just as the latter two attack the base and steal God's Eye. When Dom questions Cipher's motives, she reveals that she has been holding hostage Dom's ex-lover and DSS agent Elena Neves – as well as their son, whose existence Dom was previously unaware of. Elena tells Dom that she wanted him to decide the child's first name, having already given him the middle name Marcos.

text: In New York City, Cipher sends Dom to retrieve a nuclear football held by the Russian Minister of Defence. Prior to the theft, Dom briefly evades Cipher and persuades Deckard and Owen's mother, Magdalene Shaw, to help him. Cipher hacks into the electronics systems of a large number of cars, causing them to drive automatically and taking out the convoy so that Dom can take the football. The team intercepts Dom, but Dom escapes, shooting and apparently killing Deckard in the process. Letty catches up to Dom, but is ambushed and nearly killed by Cipher's enforcer, Connor Rhodes, before Dom rescues her. In retaliation, Cipher has Rhodes execute Elena in front of Dom.

text: Dom infiltrates a base in Russia to use the EMP device to disable their security and then to disable a nuclear submarine, enabling Cipher to hijack it and attempt to use its arsenal to trigger a nuclear war. They are once again intercepted by the team, who attempt to shut down the sub, and then drive out toward the gates that would prevent the sub from leaving into open waters. Meanwhile, Deckard, whose death was apparently faked, teams up with Owen, and under Magdalene's behest, infiltrates Cipher's plane to rescue Dom's son. Once Deckard reports that the child is safe, Dom turns on Cipher and kills Rhodes, avenging Elena's death, before rejoining his team. Outraged, Cipher fires an infrared homing missile at Dom, but he breaks away from his team and maneuvers around it, causing the missile to hit the submarine instead. The team quickly forms a vehicular blockade around Dom, shielding him from the ensuing explosion. When Deckard reaches the front of the plane and confronts Cipher, she makes her escape by parachuting out of the plane.

text: Mr. Nobody and his protégé visit Dom and his team in New York City to report that Cipher is still at large in Athens. Hobbs is offered his DSS job back, but he declines in order to spend more time with his daughter. Deckard delivers Dom his son, putting his differences aside with Dom and Hobbs. Dom names his son Brian, after his friend and brother-in-law Brian O'Conner, and they celebrate.

text: Cast[edit]

text:
Vin Diesel as Dominic Toretto, a former criminal and professional street racer who has retired and settled down with his wife, Letty. He is coerced by Cipher to work against his team.
Dwayne Johnson as Luke Hobbs, a Diplomatic Security Service (DSS) agent who allied with Dom and his team following their outings in Rio de Janeiro and Europe.
Jason Statham as Deckard Shaw, a rogue special forces assassin who was imprisoned by Hobbs and the DSS after his defeat in Los Angeles, who serves as an ally to help Dom's team take down Cipher.
Michelle Rodriguez as Letty Ortiz, Dom's wife and a former professional street racer.
Tyrese Gibson as Roman Pearce, a former criminal from Barstow and a member of Dom's team.
Chris "Ludacris" Bridges as Tej Parker, a mechanic from Miami and a member of Dom's team.
Scott Eastwood as Little Nobody,[9][10] a law enforcement agent working under Mr. Nobody.
Nathalie Emmanuel as Ramsey, a computer hacktivist and a member of Dom's team.
Elsa Pataky as Elena Neves, the mother of Dom's child and a former Rio police officer who moved to the United States to become Hobbs' new partner at the DSS.
Kurt Russell as Mr. Nobody,[11] an intelligence operative and the leader of a covert ops team which previously aided Dom and his team in taking down Deckard in Abu Dhabi.
Charlize Theron as Cipher, a criminal mastermind and cyberterrorist who coerces Dom into working against his team by holding Elena and their son hostage.

text: Tego Calderón and Don Omar reprise their roles from previous films as Tego Leo and Rico Santos, former members of Dom's team from the Dominican Republic and Rio de Janeiro, respectively. Luke Evans reprises his role from Fast & Furious 6 (2013) as Owen Shaw, Deckard's younger brother and a former Special Air Service (SAS) soldier who formerly opposed Dom's team in Europe, and who helps his brother in rescuing Dom's son. Kristofer Hivju appears as Connor Rhodes, Cipher's enforcer and right-hand man. Patrick St. Esprit appears as DS Allen.[12] Helen Mirren makes an uncredited cameo appearance as Magdalene Shaw, the mother of Deckard and Owen Shaw.[13]

text: Production[edit]

text: Development[edit]

text: Following the release of Furious 7 (2015), Vin Diesel said regarding a possible sequel:

text: I was trying to keep it close to the vest throughout the release. Paul Walker used to say that [an eighth film] was guaranteed. And in some ways, when your brother guarantees something, you sometimes feel like you have to make sure it comes to pass... so if fate has it, then you'll get this when you hear about it. [Furious 7] was for Paul, [the eighth film] is from Paul.[14]

text:
We're trying to do what we always do, which is try to come at it from a character point of view and figure out where the characters would go from here. I think the thing that's made The Fast and the Furious special is obviously we have incredible action and so on. But the thing that people really relate to the most is the characters. We're lucky that we have a lot of great characters. Unfortunately, we don't have Paul [Walker] anymore. His character... has moved on. But we feel like there's a lot still to be mined. That's where we're starting. We're really talking about the characters, where they all sit right now. It's a huge challenge.

—Neal H. Moritz, The Fast and the Furious franchise producer[15]

tag: div

text: Diesel further hinted at an eighth film on Jimmy Kimmel Live! when he stated that Kurt Russell's character would span multiple films. He also stated that the next film would take place in New York City.[16] Chris Morgan wrote his sixth script in the franchise, while Neal H. Moritz returned to produce. Moritz later stated, "[The story] is going to have to be something enticing for all of us. It has to be as good as or better [than Furious 7]".[17]

text: At the 2015 CinemaCon in Las Vegas, Diesel announced the film for an April 14, 2017 release date.[18][19] On August 16, 2015, at the 2015 Teen Choice Awards (where Furious 7 received the award for Choice Movie – Action and Walker received the award for Choice Movie Actor – Action), Diesel gave the film the initial title Fast 8.[20] In September 2015, Diesel stated that the script had almost been completed,[21] and expressed interest in Rob Cohen, who directed the first film, to direct the eighth installment.[22] On October 14, 2015, Diesel announced on The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon that Straight Outta Compton director F. Gary Gray would direct the film.[23][24]

text: In July 2015, Moritz said that Walker's character, Brian O'Conner, would not appear in the film, following the use of CGI in the previous film after Walker died in a single-vehicle accident on November 30, 2013, with Moritz stating that his character had "moved on".[15] It had previously been reported that Paul's younger brother, Cody Walker, would either join the cast in a new role,[25] or replace his older brother in the role of O'Conner;[26] however, it was later announced that the character will not return to the franchise.[27] Moritz also said that the film would shift the focus of the franchise from a series of heist films to a spy caper, following a similar change in focus from street racing in Fast Five (2011).[28] In December 2016, the film was retitled The Fate of the Furious.[29]

text: Casting[edit]

text: Diesel, Russell and Michelle Rodriguez were the first to confirm their involvement in the film, and Tyrese Gibson and Chris Bridges both confirmed their return soon after.[30] Lucas Black had signed on to reprise his role from The Fast and the Furious: Tokyo Drift as Sean Boswell for Furious 7, and two more installments in September 2013, though he did not appear in Fate.[31] In May 2015, Dwayne Johnson confirmed his involvement in the film, additionally hinting at a possible spin-off film involving his character, Luke Hobbs.[32] Jason Statham also confirmed his return.[33] In April 2016, Charlize Theron and Kristofer Hivju were confirmed as additions to the cast, in villainous roles,[34][35] while Scott Eastwood also joined the film as a law enforcement agent.[36] On May 17, 2016, Diesel posted a photo on his Instagram page of himself and Elsa Pataky on set, indicating that she had also returned for the film,[37] and was followed two days later by a video on set with Nathalie Emmanuel, who also starred in the previous film.[38] In June 2016, Helen Mirren announced in an interview with Elle that she would appear in the film.[39] In July 2016, Don Omar tweeted that he and Tego Calderon would return to the franchise for the eighth picture.[40] During an interview with Chris Mannix on July 21, 2016, Lucas Black confirmed he would not appear in the eighth installment, due to scheduling conflicts.[41]

text: Filming[edit]

text: In keeping with the franchise's penchant for filming in "exotic" locations, such as Dubai and Rio de Janeiro, in January 2016 it was announced that Universal was seeking approval from the United States and Cuban governments to shoot part of the film in Cuba.[42][43] Principal photography began on March 14, 2016, in Mývatn, Iceland,[44][45] where strong winds sent a plastic iceberg prop flying into a paddock. The prop struck two horses: one was wounded and the other mortally injured; it was later euthanized.[46] In late April, filming began in Cuba's capital city, Havana.[47][48][49][50] In May, filming also took place in Cleveland, Ohio.[51][52] Franchise cinematographer Stephen F. Windon returned for the eighth installment.[53] Filming also took place in Atlanta[54] and New York City.[55]

text: Music[edit]

text: Brian Tyler, who scored the third, fourth, fifth, and seventh installments, was tapped to compose the film score for the eighth picture.[56] A soundtrack album by Atlantic Records was released on April 14, 2017, coinciding with the film's US theatrical release.[57] The film's score album was released on April 27, by Back Lot Music.[58]

text: Release[edit]

text: The Fate of the Furious had its world premiere in Berlin on April 4, 2017.[59] The film was theatrically released in the United States on April 14, 2017, playing in 3D, IMAX 3D, and 4DX internationally, and received a day-and-date release across major markets such as Australia, the United Kingdom, China, and India, beginning on April 12, 2017.[60] The film was released day-and-date in 1,074 IMAX screens around the world, making it the widest day-and-date opening in IMAX history.[61]

text: Home media[edit]

text: The Fate of the Furious was released on 4K, Blu-ray, DVD and Digital HD on July 11, 2017.

text: Reception[edit]

text: Box office[edit]

text: The Fate of the Furious grossed $225.8 million in the United States and Canada and $1.010 billion in other territories for a worldwide total of $1.236 billion, against a production budget of $250 million ($350 million including marketing costs).[1] It is Universal Pictures' most ambitious worldwide distribution release in the studio's history. The film was released day-and-date in 64 territories worldwide, including almost all major markets (minus Japan), starting from April 12, 2017, and was projected to earn anywhere between $375–440 million in its five-day opening weekend.[62][63] By the end of the weekend, it ended up earning $539.9 million from nearly 23,000 screens, way above initial projections, to score the biggest global opening in cinematic history. It also marked the third time that a film earned over $500 million in a single weekend, after Star Wars: The Force Awakens ($529 million) and Jurassic World ($525.5 million).[64] In IMAX, the film made $31.1 million from 1,079 screens to record the biggest IMAX April debut and the fourth biggest overall.[64]

text: On April 30, it crossed the $1 billion threshold, becoming the second release of 2017 (following Beauty and the Beast), the fifth film released by Universal Pictures (after Jurassic Park, Furious 7, Jurassic World, and Minions) and the thirtieth film overall in cinematic history to gross over $1 billion.[65][66] It is currently the second highest-grossing film of the year, behind only Beauty and the Beast,[67] the second-biggest action film that is not a fantasy or superhero movie, behind Furious 7,[68] and is Universal's highest-grossing live-action release since Jurassic World back in June 2015.[69]

text: North America[edit]

text: Like many of its predecessors, The Fate of the Furious was released in the United States and Canada in the month of April, and like its immediate predecessor, occupied the lucrative Easter week holiday period slot, where it was expected to open with $100–125 million. It received the widest pre-summer release ever, at an estimated 4,304 venues, besting the 4,242 opening theater count of Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice the previous March.[62][70][71][72] The film made $10.4 million from Thursday night previews from 3,310 theaters, the second-highest of the franchise behind Furious 7's $15.8 million.[7] On its opening day it grossed $45.6 million, with Thursday previews making up 22.8% of the amount, slightly better than the 23% for Furious 7.[73] Earning a total of $98.8 million on its opening weekend, the film scored the second biggest opening in the franchise (the third biggest adjusted for inflation) and the third biggest April debut, behind Furious 7 and The Jungle Book. It posted an almost identical weekend multiplier like its immediate predecessor (2.166x vs 2.18x).[74][75] However, this is not surprising considering how both films opened over Good Friday/Easter Sunday stretch. Scott Mendelson of Forbes magazine compared the opening to how Spectre (2015) opening fell from Skyfall (2012). One notable record the film set was the best opening for a film with an African American director, with Gray besting his own record set with Straight Outta Compton in 2015.[76]

text: Sticking to the franchise's famous and lauded habit of including a multi-ethnic cast of characters, the film played to audiences of all ethnicities. Domestically, Caucasians made up 41 percent of the audience, followed by Hispanics (26 percent), African-Americans (21) percent, Asians (11 percent), and Native American/Other (3 percent), according to comScore's exit polling service PostTrack. The pic skewed male at 58 percent, far more than the last film at 51 percent.[77][78] 2D ticketbuyers repped 57% of the film's opening compared to its predecessor's 71%. This means more die-hard moviegoers came out to watch the eighth installment rather than people who do not typically go to the movies.[7]

text: While The Fate of the Furious's debut is 34% less than its predecessor's opening,[7] critics have noted that the debut is still considered a massive success and not a big let down given how it is the eighth installment in an action franchise. Universal Pictures was well aware that the robust debut of Furious 7 could not be duplicated[75] due to the wave of good reviews and publicity over the death of star Paul Walker, as well as the notion that the installment was both a farewell to said actor and a kind of coronation for the franchise as a whole. Nevertheless, the film benefited from Easter holiday business with 74% of all K-12 schools off on Good Friday as well as a third of the nation's colleges.[7] The film comes out in the wake of its parent franchise celebrating 16 years of availability in cinemas. To wit, few film franchises which are close to 20 years old have demonstrated a box office ability to increase their openings with each installment over time or maintain them in close proximity in terms of debut numbers; James Bond film series, Batman film series, Jurassic Park franchise, and Star Wars franchise.[7]

text: Its hefty opening was followed by the second-biggest April Monday gross ever with $8.5 million, behind the seventh installment. Its Sunday to Monday drop was 60% compared to its prequel's 57% drop which is far better than the Monday dropped witnessed by other April releases; The Jungle Book (-76%) and Captain America: The Winter Soldier (-73%), albeit without the advantage of a school holiday.[79][80] Despite the entry of four new wide releases, critics and box office prognosticators kept a close watch on how much the film would drop in its second weekend.[81] The film fell precipitously on its second Friday earning $11.17 million for a 76% drop which is the biggest in the franchise's history, besting the 72% drops for both its two immediate predecessors. The steep decline maybe attributed not because of the onslaught of competitions, but rather due to the polarised reception received by the film and due to just 12% K-12 schools beings off compared to 74% on Good Friday.[82] It kept its hold at No. 1, albeit dropping about 61% in its sophomore frame for an estimated $38.4 million. That domestic drop is right in line with the 59-63% drops of the six previous installment in the franchise’s on their second weekend out.[83] It topped the box office for three straight weekends, witnessing similar weekend-to-weekend percentage drops like its prequel, albeit earning lesser in terms of numbers.[84]

text: Outside North America[edit]

text: Internationally, The Fate of the Furious secured a release in 69 countries.[85] The film was projected to post an opening between $275–330 million from over 20,000 screens, with some analysts believing it could go as high as $350–400 million.[62][85][86] It opened Wednesday, April 12, 2017, in 8 countries, earning $17.9 million (including previews from 12 countries).[85] It opened in 33 more countries on Thursday, April 2, for a total of 41 countries, earning $58.4 million, marking Universal Pictures overseas' highest-grossing Thursday ever, and for a two-day total of $82.2 million.[85] It added 22 more countries on Friday, April 3, earning $112.1 million to score Universal International's highest grossing Friday of all time, for a three-day total of $194.8 million. The robust Friday take helped Universal push past $1 billion internationally in 2017 which is the second quickest ever and the studio's eleventh consecutive year overall the pass the mark. Morever, on the same day, the franchise crossed the $4 billion milestone.[85] In total, through Sunday, the film registered an opening of $441.1 million from 64 markets, setting new records for the biggest April international debut, Universal's biggest, and the biggest of all time overall (ahead of Jurassic World) – It is the first such film to open past $400 million in a single weekend with a bulk of it coming from China. Around $22.6 million came from (681) IMAX screens which is Universal's second biggest behind only Jurassic World.[64] It topped the international charts for a second consecutive term, adding another $158.1 million[87] after which it was surpassed by Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2, another film starring Diesel and Russel, in its third weekend.[88] In IMAX, the film has grossed north of $58 million.[88] On May 28, the film officially passed the $1 billion threshold to become the second film in the franchise, following Furious 7, and the sixth film to pass the said mark.[89][90]

text: It set the record for the biggest opening day of 2017 in every territory it has been released at, the biggest opening day of all time in 16 markets, Universal's biggest opening day ever in 22 territories and the biggest opening in the franchise in 38 markets. Moreover, it recorded the biggest paid previews of all time in Malaysia, Singapore, Venezuela, and Vietnam.[85] In terms of opening weekend, the film debuted at No. 1 in all markets where it set the biggest opening weekend of all time in 20 markets; Universal's biggest opening weekend ever in 28 markets; and the biggest opening in the franchise in 40 markets.[64][87][91] The top openings were recorded in China ($192 million), Mexico ($17.7 million), the UK and Ireland ($17.5 million), Russia ($14.2 million), Germany ($13.6 million), Brazil ($12.8 million), India ($10.7 million), Korea ($10.6 million), Middle East combined ($9.9 million), Taiwan ($9.3 million), France ($9.2 million), Australia ($9.5 million), Argentina ($9 million), Indonesia ($8.5 million), Italy ($6.7 million), Malaysia ($6.3 million), Spain ($6.1 million), Colombia ($4.9 million), Thailand ($4.9 million), Panama ($4.8 million),[64] and Romania ($1.7 million).[92] Comparing market-to-market performance, Furious 7 had an opening worth $250 million without China and Russia while The Fate of the Furious delivered $228.2 million debut, sans the two aforementioned markets.[64] In Japan, the film debuted with $7.5 million. Although that's a new record for the franchise, the film debuted at number three behind Disney's Beauty and the Beast and local film Detective Conan: Crimson Love Letter – their robust second weekend earnings blocked the former from taking the top spot, making Japan one of the few markets where the film didn't open at No. 1.[88][93]

text: Expectations were high for the film's performance in China, as its predecessor set notable records and went on to become the biggest film release there (now the biggest Hollywood release). The film was rebranded in Chinese as The Fast and the Furious 8 to make clear its connection to Furious 7. After ticket sales began on April 2, the film pre-sold more than RMB 125 million ($18.1 million) worth of tickets before its release, breaking the previous record held by local film Journey to the West: Conquering the Demons three months prior. Moreover, it also set a record for the fastest IMAX advance sales, with RMB 16.5 million ($2.4 million), breaking the previous record held by Captain America: Civil War, according to leading local movie site Mtime.[62][94][95] In total, it pre-sold around $43.5 million tickets two hours before previews began, the biggest ever in the country.[85] It earned a record-breaking RMB 59.8 million ($8.7 million) from Thursday paid previews ($8 million excluding online ticketing surcharges which now count as grosses), breaking its predecessor's former record of RMB 52.5 million ($8.5 million in 2015; $7.6 million in 2017 exchange rates).[96][97] On Friday, the film was screened in approximately 158,000 screens, a new record for any film, breaking Warcraft's former 122,000 screen counts, and almost double the estimated 80,700 screen count of its predecessor.[98] By Friday noon, it had already grossed $30 million.[99] Buoyed by positive word-of-mouth – 9.4/10 user rating on mobile ticketing platform Maoyan, and 7.4/10 from reviews aggregator Douban – and effective marketing campaign, it set a new record for the biggest single-day ever at the Chinese box office, including previews. This was achieved at 7 p.m. local time.[97] In total, the film grossed an estimated RMB 452.8 million ($65.8 million) on its opening day, inclusive of previews and online ticketing surcharges, compared to the RMB 398 million ($57.8 million) posted by its predecessor. It is the first film in Chinese history to register above RMB 400 million ($58 million) in a single day.[100][85] Earning a total of RMB 1.323 billion ($192.2 million), according to Chinese sources and 190 million, according to Universal, in its debut weekend, it set a new milestone for three day opening weekend and overall the second best debut ever behind only local pic The Mermaid, which had the benefit of four days of previews over the New Year period in February 2016. An estimated $14 million came from 395 IMAX screens, the second biggest ever in the country, behind Warcraft.[64] Its three-day debut alone made it the biggest Hollywood release of 2017 and the third biggest overall. Factoring out online ticketing surcharges, the total comes to a slightly less-hefty RMB 1.245 billion ($182.2 million).[101] In just nine days, the film passed the historic RMB 2 billion ($300 million) and thereby became the biggest release of the year.[102] The film fell precipitously by 71.4% in its second weekend (from its $190 million debut), earning RMB 374 million ($54.3 million) for a massive 10-day total of RMB 2.19 billion ($318 million).[103][104] On April 30, it became the biggest Hollywood/foreign release of all-time with RMB 2.44 billion, surpassing its prequels former record of 2.41 billion. However, in terms of US currency, The Fate of the Furious ($381 million) is still behind Furious 7 ($391 million).[88][105] After three consecutive weeks of topping the charts, it slipped to fourth place after being dethroned by Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2 from the top spot.[106] It has so far grossed a total of RMB 2.648 billion ($383.9 million) and is the country's second-biggest grosser ever, behind only The Mermaid.[69]

text: In India, the film secured a release across approximately 1,600–1,800 screens (1,000–1,200 screens less than its predecessor). Like other Hollywood releases, it was released in both 2K projections and normal projections, and dubbed in local languages such as Hindi, Tamil and Telugu. It is the first international film to be dubbed into the Kannada language. Despite clashing with local pic Begum Jaan, analysts believe the two films will not affect each other's performance, as they appeal to distinct moviegoers.[107][108][109] Universal had high hopes in the territory, after Furious 7 grossed an unprecedented $24.9 million in 2015, and became the biggest foreign release ever in the country at the time of its release (now the second biggest). The Central Board of Film Certification gave the film a UA rating (parental guidance suggested for children under 12), rather than an A for adults, after the studio agreed to cut several profanities (CBFC was willing to pass the film with an A certificate with no cuts but Universal wanted a UA certificate leading to the board censoring all profanities with few cuts).[110] It earned around ₹8.50 crore (US$1.3 million) net from Wednesday paid previews.[111] The following day it grossed ₹22.50 crore (US$3.5 million), including previews.[112] On its official opening day, it grossed ₹16.10 crore (US$2.5 million) for a three-day total of ₹38.60 crore (US$6.0 million).[113] Earning a total of $10.7 million, it set a new record for the biggest ever foreign opening in the country, toppling its prequel's former record. As such, it is the first foreign film to open north of $10 million.[85][114] Following its record breaking opening, it fell about 58% on its second weekend excluding previews, earning another $4 million for a two weekend total of over $17.4 million,[115] With over $19.2 million it is currently the biggest foreign release of the year.[116] However, in terms of net earnings – which is the base for box office calculations in India – the film was unable to break past the ₹100 crore (US$16 million) mark, stalling at around ₹85.59 crore (US$13 million). Despite a record breaking opening, it lost significant amount of screen counts and audiences thereafter, partly due to the release of Baahubali: The Conclusion.[117]

text: The biggest earning markets are China ($390.2 million), followed by Brazil ($41.6 million), the UK and Ireland ($37.4 million), Mexico ($36.8 million) and Germany ($32.1 million).[118][119][120] In Peru, it has become Universal's highest-grossing film ever.[118] With over $1 billion in international receipts and representing a boffo 82% of the film's total worldwide gross, it is currently the seventh-biggest overseas earner behind Avatar, Titanic, Furious 7, Star Wars: The Force Awakens, and Jurassic World.[121]

text: Critical response[edit]

text: On Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 67% based on 248 reviews, with an average rating of 6.1/10. The site's critical consensus reads, "The Fate of the Furious opens a new chapter in the franchise, fueled by the same infectious cast chemistry and over-the-top action fans have come to expect."[122] On Metacritic, which assigns a normalized rating, the film has a score 56 out of 100, based on 45 critics, indicating "mixed or average reviews".[123] Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "A" on an A+ to F scale.[124]

text: Mike Ryan of Uproxx gave the film a positive review, writing: "This isn't my favorite of the series – that's still Furious 7 (it's hard to top those jumps from skyscraper to skyscraper, but this is a worthy entry). These movies know what they are. These movies know they are fun. These are fun movies!"[125] Owen Gleiberman of Variety, in his positive review of the film, wrote: "Most franchises, after eight films, are feeling a twinge of exhaustion, but this one has achieved a level of success – and perpetual kinetic creative energy – that's a testament to its commercial/cultural/demographic resonance." He also wrote "If this series, over the last 16 years, has taught us anything, it's that just when you think it's about to run out of gas, it gets outfitted with an even more elaborate fuel-injection system."[126]

text: Conversely, David Ehrlich of IndieWire gave the film a C− and called it the worst entry of the franchise, saying: "As much a mess of conflicting tones and styles as it is of locations, this setpiece – like the rest of Gray's movie – feels like a heap of random parts that were thrown together in the hopes that fate might somehow weld them into a roadworthy vehicle. It's exhausting."[127] J.R. Kinnard of PopMatters magazine gave a lukewarm review, writing: "It's unlikely that devotees will consider The Fate of the Furious one of the stronger entries in the series. Still, the filmmakers and actors are clearly dedicated to making a quality product, avoiding the complacency that often plagues action sequels."[128] Richard Roeper of the Chicago Sun-Times gave the film 2 out of 4 stars, saying: "Moments after Dom has gone rogue and apparently wants to kill them, they're making jokes. As they're racing through the streets of New York City or skidding along the ice in Russia, killing bad guys and narrowly avoiding getting killed themselves, they're crackin' wise. Even within this ludicrous universe, it's jarring to hear these supposedly smart folks, who refer to themselves as 'family,' acting like idiots who don't seem to care if they live or die, or if their friends survive."[129]

text: Professor of international political economy Richard E Feinberg has commented on the political significance of the film's opening setting of Havana in the context of shifting US-Cuban relations, calling the eighth installment, "Hollywood's love letter to Havana".[130] He writes, "In the Cuban sequence's dramatic climax, Dom wins his hard-fought one-mile race ("a Cuban mile") against a tough local competitor, by a nose. The loser is gracious: 'You won my car and you earned my respect,' he admits to the FF hero. Dom's response is equally magnanimous: 'Keep your car, your respect is good enough for me.' In this instance, FF8 captures the essence of the relations between the United States and Cuba: it's all about mutual respect."[130]

text: Sequel[edit]

text: On February 3, 2016, Universal Pictures set initial release dates for the two remaining films in the franchise. The first, tentatively titled Fast & Furious 9, is scheduled to be released on April 10, 2020.[8]