document_title: Concentric castle

question_text: who would have lived in a concentric castle

text: Concentric castle

text: Development[edit]

text: Surrounding fortresses or towns with a series of defensive walls where the outer walls are lower than the inner walls is something that has been found in fortifications going back thousands of years to cultures like the Assyrians, Persians, Ancient Egyptians and Babylonians. The ancient city of Lachish, a place in Israel, was excavated and found to consist of multiple walls that were famously illustrated in Assyrian art documenting their successful siege of the city. The Byzantines also famously constructed the Walls of Constantinople which featured double layers of walls through most of its perimeter and a moat. The city of ancient Babylon also featured multiple layers of fortifications, famously seen in the Ishtar Gate. However, the relationship of the concentric castle to other forms of fortification is complex. Perhaps the earliest example of a concentric castle is the crusader castle of Belvoir, whose very regular rectangular layout has been described by Nicolle as one castrum nested inside another.[2] Historians (in particular Hugh Kennedy) have argued that the concentric defence arose as a response to advances in siege technology in the crusader states from the 12th to the 13th century. The outer wall protected the inner one from siege engines, while the inner wall and the projecting towers provided flanking fire from crossbows. In addition, the strong towers may have served as platforms for trebuchets for shooting back at the besiegers. The walls typically include towers, arrow slits, and wall-head defenses such as crenellation and, in more advanced cases, machicolations, all aimed at an active style of defence.[1] The Krak des Chevaliers in Syria is the best preserved of the concentric crusader castles. By contrast, Château Pèlerin was not a concentric castle, as the side facing the sea did not require defensive walls. However, the two walls facing the land are built on the same defensive principles as other crusader castles in the same period, rivalling the defences at Krak.

text: While a concentric castle has double walls and towers on all sides, the defences need not be uniform in all directions. There can still be a concentration of defences at a vulnerable point. At Krak des Chevaliers, this is the case at the southern side, where the terrain permits an attacker to deploy siege engines. In addition, the gate and posterns are typically strengthened using a bent entrance or flanking towers.

text: Concentric castles were expensive to build, so that only the powerful military orders, the Hospitallers and Templars, or powerful kings, could afford to build and maintain them. It has also been pointed out[who?] that the concentric layout suited the requirements of military orders such as the Hospitallers in resembling a monastery and housing a large garrison. Such castles were beyond the means of feudal barons. Thus concentric castles coexisted with simpler enclosure castles and tower keeps even in the crusader states.[2]

text: Concentric castles appeared in Europe in the 13th century, with the castles built in Wales by Edward I providing some outstanding examples, in particular Beaumaris Castle, a "perfect concentric castle",[3] albeit unfinished. As Beaumaris was built on flat terrain rather than a spur, it was both necessary and possible to build walls and towers facing in all directions, giving a very regular, almost square, floor plan to the castle. Some influence from crusader fortification has been conjectured, but the amount of technology transfer from the East and much earlier Byzantine examples remains controversial among historians.[1]

text: Similar structures[edit]

text: In German-speaking countries in the Holy Roman Empire, many castles had double curtain walls with a narrow ward between them, referred to as a zwinger. These were added at vulnerable points like the gate, but were rarely as fully developed as in the concentric castles in Wales or the Crusader castles.

text: The principle of an outer and inner wall was also used in fortified cities, such as the Theodosian Walls of Constantinople and the city wall of Carcassonne.

text: The concept of mutually reinforcing lines of defence with flanking fire was continued in later periods, such as the early modern fortifications of Vauban, where outer defence works were protected and overlooked by others and their capture did not destroy the integrity of the inner citadel.

text: Citadels from prior to and during the Reconquista in Spain and Portugal also have fortifications similar to concentric castles found elsewhere in Europe. Almodovar Del Rio is a good example of such a fortress along with Saint George Castle in Lisbon Portugal.

text: Examples of concentric castles[edit]

text:
Castle of Margat (Syria), 1062–

Krak des Chevaliers (Syria), 1142–1170

Belvoir Castle (Israel), 1150

Münzenberg Castle (Hesse), 1162

Kidwelly Castle, south-west Wales, 13th century

Caerphilly Castle, south of Wales, 13th century

Rhuddlan Castle, north of Wales, 1277

Harlech Castle, west of Wales, 1282–

Beaumaris Castle, on the island of Anglesey at the north-west of Wales, 1295


document_title: Pat Travers

question_text: who sings boom boom out goes the lights

question_tokens: who sings boom boom out goes the lights

root

text: Pat Travers

text: Early years[edit]

text: Pat Travers was born and raised in Toronto, Ontario. Soon after picking up the guitar at age 12, he saw Jimi Hendrix perform in Ottawa. Travers began playing in bands early in his teens; his first bands were the Music Machine (not to be confused with the Californian psychedelic/garage band of the same name), Red Hot, and Merge, which played in clubs in the Quebec area.

tag: p

text: While performing with Merge, he was noticed by rock artist Ronnie Hawkins, who invited Travers to perform with him. In his early twenties Travers moved to London and signed a recording contract with the Polydor label. His self-titled debut album was released in 1976, and featured bassist Peter "Mars" Cowling, who would become a mainstay in Travers' band for several years. An appearance on the German TV show Rockpalast in November 1976 was later released on DVD under the title Hooked on Music. This performance showcases an early version of Travers' band featuring Cowling and drummer Nicko McBrain.

text: Rise to popularity[edit]

text: During 1977 Travers added a second guitarist to his band, changed drummers twice including using Clive Edwards, and by the time Heat in the Street was released in 1978 had put together the Pat Travers Band. This grouping featured Travers on vocals and guitar, Pat Thrall on guitar, Cowling on bass, and Tommy Aldridge on drums and percussion. The band toured heavily, also supporting Rush on their Drive til You Die tour in support of A Farewell to Kings.[2] The guitar Travers most often appeared with on stage and on album covers in the band's early years was a 1964/65 model double cutaway, double [humbucker] pickup Gibson Melody Maker. The band's next release was a live album entitled Live! Go for What You Know, which charted in the Top 40 in the United States and included the tune "Boom Boom (Out Go The Lights)" (originally recorded by Little Walter, credited to Stan Lewis), which climbed even higher on the charts, entering the Top 20. "Snortin' Whiskey" was a major American radio hit from 1980's Crash and Burn and Travers began the 1980s as a hot item in the hard rock music scene.

text: After an appearance before 35,000 people at the Reading Music Festival in England, both Thrall and Aldridge announced they were leaving the band to pursue other projects. Travers and Cowling teamed up with drummer Sandy Gennaro and released Radio Active that same year. A co-headlining tour with Rainbow followed, and the two bands performed in major arenas across North America. Although the tour was Travers' most successful road outing, the Radio Active album barely made it into the Top 40, reaching only number 37.[3] It was much different than Travers' previous work, with more emphasis on keyboards than heavy guitars. Disappointed with the lack of sales, Polydor dropped Travers from their roster, and he in turn sued the record company on grounds that he was under contract with them to record more material. He won the lawsuit, and was able to release Black Pearl in 1982.[which?] This release also featured more mainstream music rather than the hard-driving rock Travers had recorded earlier, and included the hit single "I La La La Love You", featured prominently on mainstream Top 40 and album oriented rock stations, and in the 1983 movie Valley Girl. Hot Shot was Travers' last major label release of original music, and was a return to a harder-edge style of rock than his previous two albums had been. One of Travers' best-recorded projects, it went basically unnoticed and is best remembered for the single "Killer". It was during this time that Travers also released Just Another Killer Day, a 30-minute home video featuring music from Hot Shot that was a sci-fi type short story about sexy alien women searching for information on music here on earth. In 1984, Travers was again supporting Rush. Alex Lifeson is one of Travers' many admirers.[4]

text: Before the release of Hot Shot, longtime bassist Cowling left the band, and Travers would work with several different bassists including Cliff Jordan and Donni Hughes until Cowling's return in 1989. Also at this time Jerry Riggs joined the Pat Travers Band, and he and Travers created a guitar team that fans considered difficult to rival. After Hot Shot's release in 1984, Polydor made plans to issue a greatest hits package, and then ended their relationship with Travers.

text: The latter half of the 1980s were quite grueling for Travers. Having entered the decade at the top of the music game, he found himself in 1986 without a record contract and being forced to earn a living once again playing nightclubs and touring constantly. By 1990, he had gained a deal with a small European label and released School of Hard Knocks. The project was completely ignored by radio. A full-length concert video Boom Boom – Live at the Diamond Club 1990 was shot in Toronto to be released in audio version as CD Boom Boom next year, but Travers was still not able to return to the success he had ten years earlier, working only on indie labels, as with Lemon Recordings.

text: 1990s, return to form[edit]

text: Shortly after, Travers signed a deal with American-based Blues Bureau International Records, a company formed by noted producer Mike Varney. Travers' first recording for the label was Blues Tracks released in 1992. It earned positive reviews from critics. Several more releases on the BBI label followed during the 1990s. In 1993, Travers parted company with both Jerry Riggs and Peter "Mars" Cowling, and Riggs was briefly replaced by former Foghat guitarist Erik Cartwright. The relationship was very brief, and Travers has worked with a variety of musicians since that time.

text: Travers has not been able to regain the level of commercial success he once had, despite a very large and loyal fan base who call themselves "Hammer Heads". He tours regularly in the U.S. and has made several trips to Europe in the last decade as well. In 2001 he was part of the "Voices of Classic Rock" tour, and had a minor hit with Leslie West from the band Mountain called "Rock Forever". In 2004 he started a project with the veteran drummer Carmine Appice and started touring the U.S.; as of now there are 3 albums released. Travers recorded cover tunes from bands such as Led Zeppelin, Montrose, Queen, and Trapeze under the album name P.T. Power Trio 2, and they toured Europe in November 2006. Travers has lived in central Florida for several years, and is now married with two children. Travers is also a Black Belt in the style of Isshin Ryu Karate, and currently trains with 10 time World Champion, Mike Reeves Sensei in Apopka, FL

text: From 2008-2016, was one of the longest/most consistent line ups for Pat Travers Band. Joining Pat was Kirk McKim (2006-2015)(Guitar/Vocals), Sean Shannon (2008-2010)(Drums), followed by Sandy Gennaro (2010-2016), and Rodney O'Quinn (2007-2016)(Bass/Vocals) Viewed as the "Must See Line up" for all die hard PTB fans, they never disappointed! From the smoking appearance on Bob Coburn's Rockline Radio show, to the Moondance Jam show that aired on Direct TV's "Audience" channel. The Pat Travers Band put out the album "Fidelis" in late 2009. In July 2013, The Pat Travers Band put out new album "CAN DO" released by Frontiers Records, a major label based in Italy for numerous artists in the field of classic rock. The CAN DO album was supported by PTB tours of the U.S., the U.K., and Europe during the later half of 2013. In January 2015, Frontiers Records released Pat Travers Band Live at the Iridium NYC, recorded in February 2012, which showed how deadly this line up was. Also featured Jon Paris playing blues harp on "If I Had Possession Over Judgment Day" and "Spoonful".

text: The Pat Travers Band (PTB) currently consists of Pat Travers (guitars, vocals, keyboards), Tommy Craig (drums), and David Pastorius (bass/vocals).

text: Travers also sang on Boston metal band Extreme's minor hit "Get the Funk Out," from their hugely successful 1990 Pornograffitti album.

text: Travers has recently become a part of and performed with the All-Star band Scrap Metal.

text: Discography[edit]

text:
1976 Pat Travers
1977 Makin' Magic
1977 Putting It Straight
1978 Heat in the Street
1978 The Pat Travers You Missed Mini-Album (EP)
1979 Live! Go for What You Know (Live at Opry House 1979)
1980 Crash and Burn
1981 Radio Active
1982 Black Pearl
1984 Hot Shot
1990 School of Hard Knocks
1991 Boom Boom (live 1990)
1992 BBC Radio 1 Live in Concert (live 1977 & 1980) (rereleased in 2000)
1992 Blues Tracks
1993 Just a Touch
1994 Blues Magnet
1995 Halfway to Somewhere
1996 Lookin' Up
1997 King Biscuit Flower Hour (live 1984)
1998 Blues Tracks 2
2000 Don't Feed the Alligators
2000 Boom Boom – Live at the Diamond Club 1990 (CD & DVD)
2003 Etched in Stone (2-CD live 2002)
2003 P.T. Power Trio (also called Power Trio)
2003 From the Front... Live! (DVD-Audio live 1984)
2005 PT=MC2
2006 P.T. Power Trio 2
2007 Boom Boom (Out Go the Lights) (live)
2008 Stick with What You Know – Live in Europe (live 2007)
2009 Travelin' Blues
2010 Fidelis
2012 Blues on Fire
2013 Live at the Bamboo Room (live CD & DVD)
2013 Can Do
2015 Live at the Iridium NYC
2015 Retro Rocket
2015 Feelin' Right (The Polydor Albums 1975-1984 Remastered)

tag: ul

text: Singles released during major label career[edit]

text:
1976 "Makes No Difference" (promo single to debut album)
1976 "Stop and Smile"
1977 "Stevie"
1977 "Rock & Roll Susie"
1977 "Gettin' Betta"
1977 "Life in London"
1978 "Heat in the Street"
1978 "Go All Night"
1979 "Boom, Boom (Out Go the Lights) – Live!" (UK single)
1980 "Is This Love" (US single)
1980 "Snortin' Whiskey" (US single)
1980 "Evie" (the Netherlands only single)
1980 "Crash and Burn"
1980 "(Your Love) Can't Be Right"
1981 "My Life Is on the Line"
1981 "New Age Music"
1982 "I La La La Love You"
1982 "Rockin'"
1982 "I'd Rather See You Dead"
1984 "Women on the Edge of Love"
1984 "Killer"

text: Compilation albums[edit]

text:
1985 Boom Boom: The Best of Pat Travers
1990 An Anthology Vol.1
1990 An Anthology Vol.2
1991 The Best of Pat Travers
1997 Best of Blues + Live! (studio & 1997 live recordings)
2003 20th Century Masters: The Best of Pat Travers
2004 Rock Solid: The Essential Collection (Germany)
2008 8+8: The Best of '70–'80 (live recordings) (Germany)
2015 Feelin' Right (The Polydor Albums 1975-1984 Remastered)

text: Travers & Appice albums[edit]

text:
2004 It Takes a Lot of Balls
2005 Live at the House of Blues
2005 Bazooka
2016 The Balls Album

text: Travers is credited on the following CDs[edit]

text:
1977 Glenn Hughes Play Me Out
1983 Valley Girl (Soundtrack)
1993 L.A. Blues Authority, Vol.III: Hats Off to Stevie Ray (Various artists)
1993 L.A. Blues Authority, Vol.IV: Fit For A. King (Various artists)
1993 Songs from the Better Blues Bureau (Various artists)
1993 Masters of Metal – Live the 70's Ten Hits (Various artists)
1994 L.A. Blues Authority, Vol.V: Cream of the Crop (Various artists)
1995 Animal Magnetism (Various artists)
1997 Summerdaze (John Kay & Steppenwolf, Blue Öyster Cult, Foghat, Pat Travers) (live)
2001 Voices of Classic Rock: Voices for America (Various artists)
2001 Glenn Hughes Building the Machine
2004 Sideways (Soundtrack)
2009 Chris Catena (Discovery)
2010 Circus Bar (Brian Howe)
2012 Antiseptic Bloodbath (Tourniquet)
2012 Six String Soldiers (Frank Hannon)
2014 Primitive Son (Eli Cook)[5]

text: In popular culture[edit]

text: "Rage of Travers," the ninth track on The Mountain Goats' 2017 album Goths, retells an incident in which Travers--on tour in 1982 or 1983--showed up, guitar in hand and looking to jam, at a Bauhaus concert after his own gig ended. The chorus, "Nobody wants to hear the 12-bar blues/from a guy in platform shoes," highlights the speed with which the commercial landscape of rock changed in the early '80s, especially as MTV promoted more visually distinctive acts.[6]


document_title: Agatha Christie: And Then There Were None

question_text: who is the murderer in then there were none

text: Gameplay[edit]

text: And Then There Were None is a point-and-click adventure game, played from a third-person perspective.[8] Most of the interactive elements of And Then There Were None consist of asking other characters questions, and collecting and combining items.[9] The player can carry items using an inventory system, consisting of screens which can show up to twelve items. New items go into the first available slot, and these items can be combined or examined throughout the game.[8][10] The game's cursor is context-sensitive, and changes into a rotating gear when held over an item the player can interact with and use.[8] And Then There Were None features a 2.5D graphics engine, which combines pre-rendered backgrounds with 3D-modelled characters.[10]

text: And Then There Were None is divided into 10 chapters. After completing a certain trigger event, the next chapter begins. The developers ensured that nothing essential to the game could be missed during the player's progression, although large sections of gameplay are optional, and the player may ignore many of the side-quests. This divided progression adds another dimension to gameplay, as not only does the player have to be in the right place to find a clue or solve a puzzle, but must be there at the right time. For example, an empty room in one act could hold a vital clue in the next.[2]

text: And Then There Were None features a journal system to aid in the collection and piecing together of clues.[11] The in-game journal records everything that the player needs to advance in the game, in order to prevent the player wandering aimlessly, unable to proceed.[11][10] For example, the journal records conversations the player has with other characters, so that if they forget what was said, it will still be accessible.[2] The developers also created the journal so that players did not have to use external resources, such as pen and paper.[11] The journal is separated by content into several categories,[2] such as a characters page, which lists all the characters by name and includes details about them, as well as separate pages for important items, documents and books.[2] This information can be referenced at any time by the player.[2]

text: Another feature of And Then There Were None is the "Suspicion Meter", which measures the player's relationship with other characters, starting from a neutral position at the start of the game. There are negative consequences if the player is caught doing things that other characters deem inappropriate, which directly affects the "Suspicion Meter": falling one point for every negative action and raising one point for each positive act. Depending on which of three positions the meter is in regarding a particular character, dialogue actions with that character are affected. The player is also able to regain approval points by solving "Suspicion Meter" puzzles; multiple inventory items and combining items and can be quite complicated.[2]

text: After completing the game, the player is given one final puzzle. Completing it shows the original ending of the novel.

text: Synopsis[edit]

text: Setting and characters[edit]

text: This section does not cite any sources. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (August 2014) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

tag: table

text: And Then There Were None is set in 1939, taking place at "a beautiful mansion on the deserted Shipwreck Island." A quote by one of the characters, Emily Brent, in the first chapter sets the month as August ("This same week of August 4 years ago.") The player can explore the two-story Art Deco-style mansion, which includes a secret room behind a bookcase in the library. The exterior of Shipwreck Island, including a beach, a forest, and an apiary, may also be explored.

text: The player character is Patrick Narracott. Patrick is the only character not mentioned in Christie's original novel, although his brother — Fred Narracott — is the one who ferries the guests to the island in the original book. The other characters are the guests: Judge Lawrence John Wargrave; Vera Elizabeth Claythorne; Philip Lombard; General John Gordon MacArthur; Emily Caroline Brent; Dr. Edward George Armstrong; Anthony James Marston; William Henry Blore; the butler, Thomas Rogers; and his wife, Ethel Rogers.

text: Plot[edit]

text: The events of the book, with the exception of the killer's identity and the player character, are closely retained in the game. The game begins with eight of the characters (all but the two servants) arriving at the fictional seaside town of Sticklehaven, where they are to be ferried to Shipwreck Island by Patrick Naracott (who is substituting for his brother who is "under the weather"). When they arrive on the island, the other two characters are introduced, but when Patrick returns to his boat he finds it sabotaged, forcing him to stay on the island. Later, Blore confesses to Patrick that he is the one who damaged the boat, believing Patrick to be his brother Fred, who he thought was a thief. At dinner that night, the guests discover that none of them have met, or are familiar with, "U.N. Owen", the enigmatic host who invited most of them to the party.

text: After dinner, a gramophone record accuses the ten non-player characters of getting away with murder. Moments later, Anthony Marston dies after drinking a poisoned cocktail. That night, Ethel Rogers dies of a drug overdose in her sleep. The deaths are initially thought to be suicides or accidents until, after the death of General MacArthur, Judge Wargrave determines that they are actually murders and that the host, U.N. Owen, is most likely the killer. Wargrave further speculated that Owen must be one of the remaining 8, and is following the pattern of the nursery rhyme over the fireplace, "Ten Little Sailor Boys". After each murder, one of the ten figurines in the dining room goes missing. Naracott is now established as the detective of the group since his presence on the island was not expected by the killer. It is also discovered that Lombard has brought a self-defense revolver to the island.

text: After the deaths of Thomas Rogers' by axe and Emily Brent from anaphylactic shock from a bee sting, Lombard announces that his revolver has been stolen, and a search for it is fruitless. Naracott discovers he has been poisoned with the fictional drug Solidamide, but he obtains a remedy: a bottle of the fictional "Bellman's Universal Application". During a blackout after dinner that night, Wargrave is killed by a shot to the head. In the morning, however, Wargrave's body is missing along with Armstrong, whose drowned body will later wash up on the shore. Wargrave's body also turns up later in the screening room, but looks to have been bludgeoned, rather than shot. Later that day Blore is found to have been killed by having his head caved in by a clock.

text: Naracott returns to the house to find that the killer is Emily Brent, who is really the famous actress Gabrielle Steele. Steele wanted Wargrave killed because he sentenced her true love to death. She would torture him first by killing those around him first, all criminals who had gotten away with their crimes, and she explains how she killed each one. She had faked her own death earlier.

text: There are four different endings depending on whether Vera and Phillip – one, both, or neither – are saved. If Phillip is saved, he will reveal that his name is actually Charles Morley, a friend of Lombard's who assumed his identity when the real Phillip Lombard committed suicide out of guilt for his past crime. If Vera is saved, she and Naracott return to Sticklehaven (with Morley, if he also survives), where Vera explains her innocence of the crime the gramophone accused her of. If either Vera or Morley (or both) are saved, their statements to the police will clear Naracott and his brother. If neither of them survive, the Naracott brothers make their escape from the police. If Vera survives, she and Naracott decide to get married.

text: Following the game's completion, the player is given one last challenge that will reward them with the original ending to the book. The original ending to the book, where Wargrave is the killer. Dying, he wants to mete out justice personally to criminals who have escaped punishment, who he has invited to the island. The alternate ending details the events of the book, And Then There Were None, wherein all the guests on the island are killed by Wargrave except for the last two, Vera and Lombard. Vera then shoots Lombard, thinking him the murderer (since Wargrave has faked his own death), and then hangs herself. Wargrave then shoots himself.

text: Development[edit]

text: And Then There Were None was announced on February 3, 2005, as the first in a series of games based on novels by Agatha Christie.[1] For the release, The Adventure Company collaborated with developer AWE Productions.[1] Lee Sheldon was named Lead Designer and writer for the game,[2] while Scott Nixon, from AWE, was appointed Managing Director.[2] The Adventure Company chose the novel And Then There Were None as the first game, instead of other Christie novels involving famous detectives Hercule Poirot and Miss Marple, for several reasons. Among them was the popularity of the novel, which would help with marketing; and the island nature of the story which would provide a natural barrier, while allowing more freedom of movement for the players within that confined area.[11]

text: One major obstacle in the development of And Then There Were None was gaining the approval of aspects of the game from Chorion, the company which owns the rights to Agatha Christie's works.[11] The development team met with Mathew Prichard, Christie's grandson, and other members of Chorion.[11] While protective of Christie's license, Chorion was quite open about changes to the plot, as long as they were within the style of Christie's novels. These included a change to the identity of the killer, the addition of a player character, and changes to the figurines at the table - renaming them "sailor boys", to fit in with the boat motif of being moored on the island.[11][2][2][2] Chorion did not accept all the changes proposed by the developers, for example rejecting the idea of a one-man submarine the player could operate as not being in the style of Christie's work.[12] The survival of Vera and Lombard, and the change of the General's name from MacArthur to MacKenzie, were both used by Christie herself in a 1943 stage adaption of the novel. Patrick Narracott as the eleventh character was a major plot change, and was done to explore a semi-romance between him and Vera Claythorne, as well as the developers' desire to have players connect to a more human character, rather than a nameless one.[11]

text: The main concern designer Lee Sheldon had was the emphasis placed on story and dialogue,[2] he had considered the idea that the killer could change every time a player played the game; this idea of open-ended, modular gameplay was quickly discarded, as Sheldon thought it didn't pay homage to Christie's work.[2] The orders of the murders forced Sheldon down a linear path, and the numerous cut scenes, cinematics and long dialogues were needed because the novel is composed largely of dialogue.[2] Sheldon strived to make the puzzles a seamless part of the game's environment and plot, and not simply tacked on for the sake of a puzzle.[11]

text: The designers of And Then There Were None decided to leave the game in its original time period, the 1930s.[11] Sheldon was firmly against updating the game to a modern time period, calling this "a futile attempt to attract an audience that really doesn't care anyway."[11] One of the main attractions to the past for Sheldon was the ability to explore its culture and mores.[11] The mansion in the game was researched using architecture and Art Deco books as references.[12] Christie described the mansion in the novel as stark and modern, and this made Sheldon turn to the work of famous architect Frank Lloyd Wright, and in particular his house Fallingwater.[2]

text: And Then There Were None was shipped to North American stores on October 27, 2005.[3] The Adventure Company announced on March 19, 2007, that the game would be ported to the Wii console,[4] which would feature an ability to spin the Wii Remote to turn safe handles, and the ability to unearth clues by imitating a digging action.[4]

text: Reception[edit]

text:
Reception

Review scores

Publication
Score

PC
Wii

Adventure Gamers
[10]

Eurogamer
4/10[13]

Game Revolution

D+[14]

GameSpot
6.4/10[15]

GameSpy
[9]

GameZone
8/10[16]
5/10[17]

IGN
7/10[18]
4.9/10[6]

Nintendo World Report

3.5/10[19]

PC Gamer (US)
73%[20]

VideoGamer.com

6/10[21]

The Times
[22]

Aggregate scores

GameRankings
65.36%[23]
54.96%[24]

Metacritic
68/100[25]
50/100[26]

text: And Then There Were None has received widely varying reviews since its release. Metacritic's weighted average score for the game was 68 out of 100 on the PC and 50 out of 100 on the Wii, indicating "mixed or average reviews", with individual reviews falling between 20% and 90%.[25][26] One aspect of the game which has garnered some criticism are the graphics. 2404 denounced the game's environments, commenting that "there are graphically better games that were made two years ago."[27] An aspect of the game's graphics more heavily criticized was the character models, with GameSpy decrying them, saying: "The 3D models used for Mr. Owen's guests are crude and simplistic, with silly, sausage-like fingers, hair that looks like blocks of wood, lousy animation, poor lip-synching, and bland faces with barely any facial expression."[9]

text: Adventure Gamers found many faults with the character designs, describing them as ugly, and no more realistic than the characters from Sierra's Gabriel Knight 3, released six years previously.[10] However, Just Adventure commented that the characters are nicely designed, with detailed facial expressions during close-ups, but could have been better by current standards.[28] Opinions on the character voice acting were generally positive: praised by Adventure Gamers for injecting life into the wooden character models,[10] and ICGames commented that the voice acting made the characters convincing.[29] However, GameSpy denounced the game for not allowing readers to skip through dialogue, instead forcing them to sit through hours of spoken words.[9] Sound in And Then There Were None received mixed reactions as well, with Game Chronicles calling the sound decent, with realistic weather and animal sounds.[8] 2404, in contrast, said that the game's music is pleasant and unannoying, but never captures the emotions and tensions in the game.[27]

text: The puzzle aspects also received varying reactions. Game Over Online called the few puzzles bad, complaining that often the solutions were obscure and illogical, and did not advance the plot.[30] GameSpot criticized the puzzles, saying that the player is "regularly tasked with backtracking back and forth across the island with only a vague notion of what to do in order to progress the story."[15] 2404 was more encouraging, saying that although the game was formulaic, there was a welcome lack of mazes and slider puzzles in the game, making it more accessible to a wider audience.[27]


document_title: La Vie en rose

question_text: what is the meaning of la vie en rose

question_tokens: what is the meaning of la vie en rose

text: La Vie en rose

text: Édith Piaf version[edit]

text: Background and release[edit]

text: The song's title can be translated as "Life in Rosy Hues" or "Life Through Rose-Tinted Glasses"; its literal meaning is "Life in Pink".[6]

text: The lyrics and melody of the song were written by Édith Piaf herself, but the melody was said officially to have been composed and registered by Louiguy only, since at the time, due to the stringent registration requirements of SACEM, Piaf did not have the necessary qualifications to be able to copyright her work with SACEM.[7] Piaf offered the song to Marianne Michel, who slightly modified the lyrics, changing "les choses" ("things") for "la vie" ("life"). In 1943, Piaf had performed at a nightclub/bordello called "La Vie en Rose".[8] Initially, Piaf's peers and songwriting team did not think the song would be successful, finding it weaker than the rest of her repertoire. Heeding their advice, the singer put the song aside, only to change her mind the next year. The song was performed live in concert for the first time in 1946. It became a favorite with audiences.[7] "La Vie en rose" was the song that made Piaf internationally famous, with its lyrics telling about the joy of finding true love and appealing to those who had survived the difficult wartime.[9]

text: "La Vie en rose" was released on a 10" single in 1947 by Columbia Records, a division of EMI, with "Un refrain courait dans la rue" making the B-side. It met with a warm reception and sold a million copies in the US.[10] It was the biggest-selling single of 1948 in Italy, and the ninth biggest-selling single in Brazil in 1949.[11] Piaf performed the song in the 1948 French movie Neuf garçons, un cœur. The first of her albums to include "La Vie en rose" was the 10" Chansons parisiennes, released in 1950. The song appeared on most of Piaf's subsequent albums, and on numerous greatest hits compilations. It went on to become her signature song and her trademark hit, sitting with "Milord" and "Non, je ne regrette rien" among her best-known and most recognizable tunes. Encouraged by its success, Piaf wrote 80 more songs in her career.[7]

text: English lyrics were written by Mack David and numerous versions were recorded in the US in 1950. Those that charted were by Tony Martin (reached the No. 9 position in the Billboard charts), Paul Weston (No. 12 position), Bing Crosby (No. 13 position), Edith Piaf (No. 23 position), Ralph Flanagan (No. 27 position) and Victor Young (No. 27 position). Louis Armstrong recorded C'est si bon and La Vie en rose in New York City with Sy Oliver and his Orchestra on June 26, 1950[12] and this reached the No. 28 position in the Billboard charts.[13] Bing Crosby also recorded the song in French in 1953 for his album Le Bing: Song Hits of Paris.

text: The song received a Grammy Hall of Fame Award in 1998.[14]

text: Track listings[edit]

text: 10" Single (1947)

text: Chart performance[edit]

text:
Chart
Peak
position[11]

United States
23

text: References in popular culture[edit]

text: Two films about Piaf named after the song's title have been produced. The first one, a 1998 documentary, used archive footage and interviews with Raquel Bitton, and was narrated by Bebe Neuwirth. The 2007 biographical feature film La Vie en Rose won Marion Cotillard an Academy Award for Best Actress for portraying Piaf in the film from childhood until her death at 47.[15]

text: As music in films[edit]

text:
Stage Fright (1950)
Operation: Rabbit (1952) – instrumental only (uncredited)
Duck! Rabbit, Duck! (1953) – hummed by a mischievous Daffy Duck
By the Light of the Silvery Moon (1953) – instrumental only
Sabrina (1954) – as Sabrina Fairchild's song
Noches de Casablanca (1963) – sung by Sara Montiel
The Cheap Detective (1978) – however, Eileen Brennan's character, Betty DeBoop, doesn't sing the words, and just sings "La la la la la la la en rose"
Bull Durham (1988)
A Foreign Field (1993)
Natural Born Killers (1994)
Prêt-à-Porter (1994) Grace Jones' version
French Kiss (1995)
Sabrina (1995)
Chloé (1996)
A Soldier's Daughter Never Cries (1998)
Summer of Sam (1999)
View from the Top (2003)
Saving Private Ryan
Love Me If You Dare (2003)
Something's Gotta Give Deleted Scene (2003)
Piaf starring Raquel Bitton Lionsgate film (2003)
Modigliani (2004)
A World Without Thieves (2004)
Valiant (2005)
Lord of War (2005)
The Yacoubian Building (2006)
La Vie en rose (2007)
Mister Lonely (2007)
Jellyfish (2007)
Fred Claus (2007)
The Bucket List (2007)
The Wackness (2008)
WALL-E (2008)
Map of the Sounds of Tokyo (2009)
X-Men: First Class (2011)
Monte Carlo (2011)
Madagascar 3: Europe's Most Wanted (2012)
The Hundred-Foot Journey (2014)
The Other Woman (2014)

text: As music in other media[edit]

text:
In the 2006 Egyptian film The Yacoubian Building, chanteuse Christine (Yousra) includes "La Vie en rose" in her repertoire, singing it on at least one occasion for Zaki el Dessouki (Adel Emam).
In the 1954 movie Sabrina this song is mentioned and played many times throughout the movie, including a partial rendition by Audrey Hepburn.
In the season 4 I Love Lucy episode "Hollywood Anniversary", the song is played by a band in the final scene.
Steampunk chanteuse Veronique Chevalier does a parody version – which turns out to be about a battle with slugs.
In the 2003 romantic comedy Something's Gotta Give, the song is played several times during scenes of Paris, and actor Jack Nicholson (Harry Sanborn) sings it during the closing credit roll.
Cristin Milioti performed the song in "How Your Mother Met Me", an episode of How I Met Your Mother.[16][17]
It is used prominently multiple times in BioShock Infinite's DLC BioShock Infinite: Burial at Sea.
Korean drama A Rosy Life's main title song is a Korean version aptly titled "장밋빛 인생" (Revised Romanization jangmitbit insaeng, translated as "rose-colored life"), which is also the original Korean title of the drama.

text: Other mentions[edit]

text:
Raquel Bitton sings Edith Piaf(CD) (2000)
Ian Fleming references the song in his first James Bond novel Casino Royale, when Bond is eating with Vesper Lynd, and again in his fourth novel Diamonds Are Forever, when Bond chooses to skip it on the record player as it has "painful memories".
The Avengers TV series used this song as an episode title. It was played repeatedly in a house in which Emma Peel was held against her will by an enemy agent she had seduced and betrayed by utilizing the song.
Lyrics from the song are quoted in Albert Cohen's 1968 novel Belle du Seigneur (chapter LVI).
La Vie en Rose was the name of a spaceship in Mobile Suit Zeta Gundam and Mobile Suit Gundam ZZ, as well as an episode title of Mobile Suit Gundam 0083: Stardust Memory.
In the 1990s anime Di Gi Charat, the name Rabi~en~Rose is based in "La Vie en rose".
La Vie en rose is mentioned in John Boyne's 2006 novel The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas.
Scottish singer/songwriter KT Tunstall recorded a cover, included as a digital bonus track of her second studio album Drastic Fantastic.
Canadian singer/songwriter Avril Lavigne has a tattoo reading 'La Vie en rose'.
American singer/songwriter Lady Gaga performed 'La Vie en Rose' during her Cheek to Cheek Tour with Tony Bennett in 2015.
American singer/songwriter Madonna performed 'La Vie en Rose' during her Rebel Heart Tour in 2015-2016. The live recording of the performance was released on the album Rebel Heart Tour.
Marina Prior and Mark Vincent covered the song on their album Together in 2016.
Dean Martin covered this song on his album French Style recorded in 1962.
Vov Dylan and Enzo Toppano did an instrumental cover of this song for their 2016 album "Cafe Classics"[18]
French singer Anne Pigalle has sang La Vie En Rose live since the beginning of her career and all over the world, including Ronnie Scott's and the Café de Paris in London, Silencio club in Paris, Japan, Mexico, Chateau Marmont in LA, Danceteria in NY and a fundraiser for Tin Pan Alley, the film
Filipina actress and singer Zsa Zsa Padilla also did the song from the top-rating teleserye Wildflower.

text: Grace Jones version[edit]

text:
"La Vie en rose"

Single by Grace Jones

from the album Portfolio

B-side

"I Need a Man"
"Tomorrow"
"Send in the Clowns"

Released
October 1977

Format

7"
12"

Genre
Bossa nova

Length
7:27 (album version)
3:35 (single version)

Label
Island

Songwriter(s)

Édith Piaf
Louiguy
Mack David

Producer(s)
Tom Moulton

Grace Jones singles chronology

"Sorry"
(1976)
"La Vie en rose"
(1977)
"Do or Die"
(1978)

"Sorry"
(1976)
"La Vie en rose"
(1977)
"Do or Die"
(1978)

text: Background and release[edit]

text: Jamaican singer Grace Jones covered "La Vie en rose" in 1977 for her debut studio album Portfolio. It was the third and the last single off that album, and at the same time, her first single release on Island Records after having signed with the label.

text: The single version was heavily edited from its original album version being more than seven minutes long to a 3.5-minute track. Jones' fairly radical bossa nova interpretation of Édith Piaf's signature tune became her first international hit single and a staple of her repertoire. It was later performed as part of her 1981 A One Man Show, then the only track from her disco era to be included in the show. In Spain and Mexico the track was billed as "La Vida en rosa" on the 7" single release, although it was not a Spanish version of the song. Jones' recording of "La Vie en rose" was later re-released a number of times in the early 1980s and finally reached #12 in the UK charts when re-released as a double A-side with "Pull Up to the Bumper" in 1985. The single was certified Gold in France and Italy.[19]

text: Grace Jones about the song: "That's a very special song to me. Oh God, I cry every time I sing it. I had quite a few French lovers, so every time I sing it I think about them."[20]

text: Music video[edit]

text: This section does not cite any sources. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (February 2016) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

text: The music video for the song was made using the chroma key technique. It presents Grace dancing and singing the song with the famous 1978 montage picture of herself in the background, which was later used for the cover of her 1985 Island Life compilation. The video begins with Grace wearing a rose-patterned coat. Having removed it, the singer dances in a scant gold dress which reveals her right nipple as well as black underwear.

text: Track listings[edit]

text: 7" single (1977)

text: 7" Italian single (1977)

text: 7" promotional single (1977)

text: 12" Mexican single (1984)

text: Chart performance[edit]

text:
Chart
Peak
position

Canada[21]
87

Canada (Dance/Urban)[22]
28

France[23]
2

Italy[24]
3

Netherlands[25]
4

Spain[26]
20

text: Donna Summer version[edit]

text:
"La Vie en rose"

Single by Donna Summer

from the album Tribute to Edith Piaf

Released
1993

Format
12", CD

Recorded
1993

Genre
R&B

Length
4:58

Label
AB Disques

Songwriter(s)
Édith Piaf, Louigny, Mack David

Producer(s)
Jacques Arnoul

Donna Summer singles chronology

"Carry On"
(1992)
"La Vie en rose"
(1993)
"Melody of Love (Wanna Be Loved)"
(1994)

"Carry On"
(1992)
"La Vie en rose"
(1993)
"Melody of Love (Wanna Be Loved)"
(1994)

text: Background and release[edit]

text: American singer Donna Summer covered "La Vie en rose" in 1993 for the tribute album called Tribute to Edith Piaf or Edith Piaf Tribute, on which several contemporary stars recorded interpretations of some of Piaf's best known songs. Released on both vinyl and CD, the American release of the album and single contain a different mix of Summer's synth-driven performance than the French release. These releases are among the most sought after of Summer's collectables.[citation needed] The U.S. single features a variety of remixes by DJ Chris Cox.

text: Track listings[edit]

text: 12" Single

text: 12" Maxi-Single

text: 12" Promotional Single

text: CD Single

text:
"La Vie en rose" (US Radio Mix) – 3:43
"La Vie en rose" (Full Bass Mix) – 4:25
"La Vie en rose" (Extended Soul Mix) – 7:40
"La Vie en rose" (Stringapella Mix) – 5:43

tag: ol


document_title: Deep South's Oldest Rivalry

question_text: when was the last time auburn beat georgia in football

text: Deep South's Oldest Rivalry

text: Series history[edit]

text: The first college football game between Auburn University and the University of Georgia was played on February 20, 1892 in Piedmont Park in Atlanta, Georgia.[4] The game was the brainchild of Charles Herty of Georgia – the University's first football coach and George Petrie, Auburn's Trainer. The two had met as graduate school classmates at The Johns Hopkins University.[4] The game was also, according to legend, when Auburn's team cheer, "War Eagle", originated. Auburn won the game 10–0.

text: The Tigers and Bulldogs have played each other nearly every year since. There have only been three exceptions since 1898, when World War I and World War II interrupted the series. Through the 2017 season, the rivalry is tied for the second most played college football series at 122 games, and is led by Georgia 58–56–8. When the Southeastern Conference split into its Eastern Division and Western Division in 1992, with Auburn placed in the west and Georgia in the east, the game was designated as the teams' annual cross-divisional rivalry game, leaving open the possibility for the two teams to meet in the SEC Championship Game. This happened for the first time in 2017, when Georgia beat Auburn 28-7 to claim their 13th SEC championship. This championship game matchup tied the rivalry with Virginia-North Carolina for the 2nd most played rivalry game in FBS football.

text: Game results[edit]

text:
Auburn victories
Georgia victories
Ties

text:
No.
Date
Location
Winner
Score

1
February 20, 1892
Atlanta, GA
Auburn
10–0

2
November 24, 1894
Atlanta, GA
Georgia
10–8

3
November 28, 1895
Atlanta, GA
Auburn
16–6

4
November 26, 1896
Atlanta, GA
Georgia
12–6

5
November 24, 1898
Atlanta, GA
Auburn
18–17

6
November 18, 1899
Atlanta, GA
Tie
0–0

7
November 30, 1900
Atlanta, GA
Auburn
44–0

8
November 27, 1901
Atlanta, GA
Tie
0–0

9
November 27, 1902
Atlanta, GA
Georgia
12–5

10
November 26, 1903
Atlanta, GA
Georgia
22–13

11
November 24, 1904
Macon, GA
Auburn
17–6

12
November 30, 1905
Macon, GA
Auburn
20–0

13
November 29, 1906
Macon, GA
Georgia
4–0

14
November 30, 1907
Macon, GA
Georgia
6–0

15
November 27, 1908
Montgomery, AL
Auburn
23–0

16
November 25, 1909
Montgomery, AL
Auburn
17–5

17
November 24, 1910
Savannah, GA
Auburn
26–0

18
November 29, 1911
Savannah, GA
Tie
0–0

19
November 28, 1912
Athens, GA
Georgia
12–6

20
November 22, 1913
Atlanta, GA
Auburn
21–7

21
November 21, 1914
Atlanta, GA
Tie
0–0

22
October 30, 1915
Atlanta, GA
Auburn
12–0

23
November 4, 1916
Columbus, GA
Auburn
3–0

24
November 1, 1919
Columbus, GA
Auburn
7–0

25
October 30, 1920
Columbus, GA
Georgia
7–0

26
October 29, 1921
Columbus, GA
Georgia
7–0

27
November 4, 1922
Columbus, GA
Auburn
7–3

28
November 3, 1923
Columbus, GA
Georgia
7–0

29
November 15, 1924
Columbus, GA
Georgia
6–0

30
November 7, 1925
Columbus, GA
Georgia
34–0

31
November 6, 1926
Columbus, GA
Georgia
16–0

32
October 22, 1927
Columbus, GA
Georgia
33–3

33
November 3, 1928
Columbus, GA
Georgia
13–0

34
November 15, 1929
Athens, GA
Georgia
24–0

35
November 25, 1930
Columbus, GA
Georgia
39–7

36
November 21, 1931
Columbus, GA
Georgia
12–6

37
November 19, 1932
Columbus, GA
Auburn
14–7

38
November 18, 1933
Columbus, GA
Auburn
14–6

39
November 24, 1934
Columbus, GA
Georgia
18–0

40
November 23, 1935
Columbus, GA
Auburn
19–7

41
October 24, 1936
Columbus, GA
Auburn
20–13

42
November 20, 1937
Columbus, GA
Tie
0–0

43
November 19, 1938
Columbus, GA
Auburn
23–14

44
November 25, 1939
Columbus, GA
Auburn
7–0

45
November 2, 1940
Columbus, GA
Georgia
14–13

46
November 1, 1941
Columbus, GA
Georgia
7–0

47
November 21, 1942
Columbus, GA
Auburn
27–13

48
November 18, 1944
Columbus, GA
Georgia
49–13

49
November 17, 1945
Columbus, GA
Georgia
35–0

50
November 16, 1946
Columbus, GA
#3 Georgia
41–0

51
November 15, 1947
Columbus, GA
Georgia
28–6

52
November 13, 1948
Columbus, GA
#13 Georgia
42–14

53
November 12, 1949
Columbus, GA
Tie
20–20

54
November 18, 1950
Columbus, GA
Georgia
12–10

55
November 21, 1951
Columbus, GA
Georgia
46–14

56
November 15, 1952
Columbus, GA
Georgia
13–7

57
November 14, 1953
Columbus, GA
#20 Auburn
39–18

58
November 13, 1954
Columbus, GA
Auburn
35–0

59
November 12, 1955
Columbus, GA
#12 Auburn
16–13

60
November 17, 1956
Columbus, GA
Auburn
20–0

61
November 16, 1957
Columbus, GA
#3 Auburn
6–0

62
November 15, 1958
Columbus, GA
#4 Auburn
21–6

No.
Date
Location
Winner
Score

63
November 14, 1959
Athens, GA
#12 Georgia
14–13

64
November 12, 1960
Auburn, AL
#10 Auburn
9–6

65
November 18, 1961
Athens, GA
Auburn
10–7

66
November 17, 1962
Auburn, AL
Georgia
30–21

67
November 16, 1963
Athens, GA
#9 Auburn
14–0

68
November 14, 1964
Auburn, AL
Auburn
14–7

69
November 13, 1965
Athens, GA
Auburn
21–9

70
November 16, 1966
Auburn, AL
#9 Georgia
21–13

71
November 18, 1967
Athens, GA
Georgia
17–0

72
November 16, 1968
Auburn, AL
#5 Georgia
17–3

73
November 15, 1969
Athens, GA
#11 Auburn
16–3

74
November 14, 1970
Auburn, AL
Georgia
31–17

75
November 13, 1971
Athens, GA
#6 Auburn
35–20

76
November 18, 1972
Auburn, AL
#11 Auburn
27–10

77
November 17, 1973
Athens, GA
Georgia
28–14

78
November 16, 1974
Auburn, AL
#7 Auburn
17–13

79
November 15, 1975
Athens, GA
#20 Georgia
28–13

80
November 13, 1976
Auburn, AL
#7 Georgia
28–0

81
November 12, 1977
Athens, GA
Auburn
33–14

82
November 18, 1978
Auburn, AL
Tie
22–22

83
November 17, 1979
Athens, GA
#15 Auburn
33–13

84
November 15, 1980
Auburn, AL
#1 Georgia
31–21

85
November 14, 1981
Athens, GA
#4 Georgia
24–13

86
November 13, 1982
Auburn, AL
#1 Georgia
19–14

87
November 12, 1983
Athens, GA
#3 Auburn
13–7

88
November 17, 1984
Auburn, AL
#18 Auburn
21–12

89
November 13, 1985
Athens, GA
#14 Auburn
24–10

90
November 15, 1986
Auburn, AL
Georgia
20–16

91
November 13, 1987
Athens, GA
#12 Auburn
27–11

92
November 12, 1988
Auburn, AL
#9 Auburn
20–10

93
November 18, 1989
Athens, GA
#11 Auburn
20–3

94
November 17, 1990
Auburn, AL
#24 Auburn
33–10

95
November 18, 1991
Athens, GA
Georgia
37–27

96
November 14, 1992
Auburn, AL
#12 Georgia
14–10

97
November 13, 1993
Athens, GA
#7 Auburn
42–28

98
November 12, 1994
Auburn, AL
Tie
23–23

99
November 11, 1995
Athens, GA
#20 Auburn
37–31

100
November 16, 1996
Auburn, AL
Georgia
56–49

101
November 15, 1997
Athens, GA
#16 Auburn
45–34

102
November 14, 1998
Auburn, AL
#17 Georgia
28–17

103
November 13, 1999
Athens, GA
Auburn
38–21

104
November 11, 2000
Auburn, AL
#22 Auburn
29–26

105
November 10, 2001
Athens, GA
#24 Auburn
24–17

106
November 16, 2002
Auburn, AL
#7 Georgia
24–21

107
November 15, 2003
Athens, GA
#7 Georgia
26–7

108
November 13, 2004
Auburn, AL
#3 Auburn
24–6

109
November 12, 2005
Athens, GA
#15 Auburn
31–30

110
November 11, 2006
Auburn, AL
Georgia
37–15

111
November 10, 2007
Athens, GA
#10 Georgia
45–20

112
November 15, 2008
Auburn, AL
#13 Georgia
17–13

113
November 14, 2009
Athens, GA
Georgia
31–24

114
November 13, 2010
Auburn, AL
#2 Auburn
49–31

115
November 12, 2011
Athens, GA
#14 Georgia
45–7

116
November 10, 2012
Auburn, AL
#5 Georgia
38–0

117
November 16, 2013
Auburn, AL
#7 Auburn
43–38

118
November 15, 2014
Athens, GA
#16 Georgia
34–7

119
November 14, 2015
Auburn, AL
Georgia
20–13

120
November 12, 2016
Athens, GA
Georgia
13–7

121
November 11, 2017
Auburn, AL
#10 Auburn
40–17

122
December 2, 2017
Atlanta, GAA
#6 Georgia
28–7

Series: Georgia leads 58–56–8

text: A The game played on December 2, 2017 was the 2017 SEC Championship Game, and was the second time the Tigers and Bulldogs meet in the 2017 season.

text: Series record sources: 2011 Auburn Football Media Guide,[5] 2011 Georgia Football Media Guide,[6] College Football Data Warehouse,[7]

text: Notable games[edit]

text: In 1892, The two schools met in the first meeting in what is now the Deep South’s oldest college football rivalry. Auburn won the game 10-0. One Atlanta newspaper called it the “social event of the year.”

text: In 1896, Georgia won by a 12-6 score to finish its first undefeated season under Pop Warner. For Auburn, the game featured Reynolds Tichenor's brilliant punt returns.[8]

text: In 1899, by all accounts Auburn was leading Georgia by a score of 11-6 when the game was called due to darkness, lighting not being available at that time, resulting in an official 0-0 tie.[9][10] As noted by sideline reporters for The Atlanta Constitution "The conditions that appeared to make the ruling of Referee Rowbotham a necessity were such as should never have occurred on any gridiron that has the advantage of police protection. As darkness came on it was impossible in the bleachers and grand stand to distinguish the play and with no obstacle in the way the crowd surged into the field mingled with the players and made further progress a matter of impossibility.[11]" Fifteen minutes prior to the decision, Auburn coach, John Heisman, made an official request to call the game for the same reason.[11] The decision was backed by Umpire Taylor. "In the decision that made the game a tie the referee was backed up by Umpire Taylor of Birmingham who, although a Just official has always been regarded by many as a friend of Auburn.[11]"

text: In 1902, Rufus Nalley dies in Atlanta after a short, serious illness.[12] According to some, the last thing that he heard before losing consciousness on November 27, was that Georgia had beaten Auburn earlier that day, news that caused him to smile. It was the first victory for Georgia in the rivalry since the 1896 team for which Nalley played.[13]

text: In 1916, Auburn won 3-0 in the mud on a 40-yard field goal in the fourth quarter by Moon Ducote kicked off of teammate Legare Hairston's leather helmet, in Columbus's McClung Stadium.[14] This precipitated the rule which states the ball must be kicked directly off the ground.[15]

text: In 1920 Georgia upset Auburn 7-0 when Auburn was fresh off a 56-6 beatdown of Vanderbilt.

text: In 1942, Georgia won the national championship with an 11-1 record, beating UCLA in the 1943 Rose Bowl, Georgia lone loss came to Auburn, falling 27-13 at Columbus's Memorial Stadium.

text: On November 14, 1959, at Sanford Stadium in Athens, as time ran short, Georgia player and future Auburn head-coach Pat Dye recovered a fumble by Auburn quarterback Bryant Harvard. Georgia quarterback Fran Tarkenton's touchdown pass in the final seconds gave Georgia a 14-13 victory and cost Auburn a Southeastern Conference championship. Georgia went on to claim the 1959 SEC Championship and the 1960 Orange Bowl Championship with a victory over Missouri in Miami.

text: In 1983, again at Sanford Stadium, Pat Dye celebrated his first SEC championship as Auburn's coach after the Tigers beat Georgia 13-7 on November 12. Georgia coach Vince Dooley, a former star Auburn quarterback, was there too on that day in 1959 as an assistant on Shug Jordan's staff.

text: In 1986, the Bulldogs visited Auburn as three-touchdown underdogs. Auburn was two wins away from the SEC Championship, with only one blemish on their record, an 18-17 setback at Florida. Georgia, deprived of starting quarterback James Jackson at the last moment due to a family funeral, staged a 20-16 upset victory. When Georgia fans stormed the field of Jordan–Hare Stadium and started tearing the turf from midfield and refused to leave, they were doused by sprinkler system and fire hoses. The hoses were quickly turned on the stands, soaking the Georgia marching band and fans listening to its traditional post-game performance. The incident received widespread attention and Auburn officially apologized.

text: In 1994, Georgia ended Auburn's 20-game winning streak with a 23-23 tie at Jordan-Hare. The Sunday morning headline in nearby Columbus, Ga read "UGA beats Auburn 23-23".[citation needed]

text: In 1996, the two teams played in the first Southeastern Conference football game to go into overtime. First-year head coach Jim Donnan's team was down 28-7 at halftime, before rallying to tie it at 28 on a 30-yard touchdown as time expired from Mike Bobo to Cory Allen, and Georgia went on to win 56-49 in four overtimes. This game was also famous for the incident in which Uga V lunged at Auburn wide receiver Robert Baker after a first-quarter touchdown.[16]

text: In 1999, Auburn coach Tommy Tuberville got his first signature win, as the underdog Tigers led 31-0 at halftime and cruised to a 38-21 victory.

text: In 2001, #19 Georgia had a chance to force overtime after getting possession back at the Auburn 45-yard line with 1:10 remaining and no timeouts. The Bulldogs drove down to the goal line with 16 seconds left, but rather than spiking the ball to save time off the game clock, they inexplicably called for a handoff up the middle for no gain. Time expired before Georgia was trying to hurry up on offense, and the Bulldogs lost to the #24 Tigers 24-17.

text: In 2002, #7 Georgia traveled to #22 Auburn with a spot in the SEC Championship game and an outside chance at the national title on the line. Auburn led 14-3 at halftime, thanks to a 53-yard touchdown run from Ronnie Brown. Georgia rallied to make it 21-17 Tigers with 1:25 remaining when they faced a 4th and 15 from the Auburn 19. QB David Greene threw up a prayer, and Michael Johnson caught the pass over Auburn CB Horace Willis to come away with the improbable touchdown. Georgia defeated Auburn 24-21 to secure a spot in their first SEC Championship Game. The Bulldogs defeated Arkansas 30-3 to win their first SEC Championship since 1982. The Bulldogs finished the season 13-1 with a victory over Florida State in the Sugar Bowl, and a #3 final ranking.

text: In 2004, #8 Georgia traveled to undefeated and #3 Auburn in 2004. The Tigers were eyeing their first SEC Championship since splitting the title in 1989 (note: Auburn was on probation in 1993 and ineligible for the championship), as well as a spot in the BCS National Championship Game. The Tigers won 24-6 on their way to a 13-0 season, ending with a 16-13 victory over Virginia Tech in the Sugar Bowl and a No. 2 national ranking.

text: In 2007, the game marked the first time in the modern era that Georgia wore black jerseys. It also marked the first time that Georgia defeated Florida and Auburn in the same season since 1982 [1], and the first time that Georgia scored more than 40 points in three straight games since 1942.

text: In 2013, #7 Auburn hosted #25 Georgia in Auburn. Through the first 50 minutes of the game, Auburn had scored on seven of nine possessions with 29 first downs building a 37–17 lead. In contrast, when Georgia began their first possession of the fourth quarter they had only reached the end zone once on their previous six drives.[17] Auburn maintained that 20-point lead until 9:35 left in the game when the momentum suddenly shifted in Georgia's favor. At that moment, Aaron Murray threw a 5-yard touchdown pass to senior Rantavious Wooten to cut the deficit to 13 points. In fact Murray would lead his team to three touchdowns in the span of 7:46, the final touchdown giving Georgia their first lead of the game with 1:49 remaining.[17] With 36 seconds remaining and faced with 4th and 18 from the Tiger 26-yardline, Auburn quarterback Nick Marshall, a former defensive back for the Bulldogs during the 2011 season, threw a Hail Mary pass, which was tipped by Georgia safety Josh Harvey-Clemons into the hands of Auburn sophomore wide receiver Ricardo Louis. What has become known as "The Prayer at Jordan–Hare,"[18][19][20][21][22] the play resulted in a game-winning touchdown for the Tigers with 25 seconds to spare. Auburn went on to win the SEC Championship and later barely lost the BCS National Championship in the final seconds to Florida State. This was the first time an SEC team failed to win the BCS Championship game since the 2005 football season.

text: In 2017, the two teams met twice in a single season for the first time in history. The first matchup occurred on November 11 in Georgia's only regular season loss, where the #1 Bulldogs lost 40-17 at #10 Auburn. A rematch took place in the 2017 SEC Championship Game in Atlanta, where #6 Georgia got revenge by beating #2 Auburn 28-7 and winning the SEC championship, securing a College Football Playoff spot in the process.

text: Family rivalry[edit]

text: Beyond the length of the rivalry, the schools' football histories are quite interconnected, with many individuals having played or coached at both schools.

text: Georgia's all-time winningest head coach and long-time athletic director, Vince Dooley, earned both his bachelor's and master's degree at Auburn while playing football and subsequently beginning his coaching career under legendary Auburn head coach Shug Jordan. Jordan himself was an assistant football coach and head basketball coach at Georgia before returning to his alma mater.

text: Former Auburn head coach Pat Dye was a three-year letterman and All-American offensive lineman at Georgia under head coach Wally Butts. About the rivalry, Dye has said, "It's a unique thing. It's like playing against your brother. I don't think anybody who plays in that game can ever forget it. It just doesn't matter much where it's played or what somebody's record is. It's so intense and tough, but at the same time, it's family."

text: Current Auburn associated head coach and defensive line coach Rodney Garner previously coached at Georgia for fifteen years (1998-2012).[23] Garner and former Georgia offensive line coach Stacy Searels both played at Auburn under Dye. Former Georgia offensive coordinator Neil Callaway was Auburn's offensive line coach for all of Dye's 12 seasons.

text: Two-time former Auburn defensive coordinator Will Muschamp and offensive line coach Hugh Nall are former Georgia players. Tracy Rocker, a College Football Hall of Fame inductee and two-time All-American at Auburn as a defensive lineman, was a defensive line coach at Georgia from 2014-2017 after holding the same position at Auburn from 2009-2010.[24]