document_title: Shark Tale

question_text: what type of fish is will smith in shark tale

text: Shark Tale

text: Plot[edit]

text: In Reef City, an underachieving bluestreak cleaner wrasse named Oscar fantasizes about being rich and famous. Soon after arriving for work at the Whale Wash, he is called to the office of his boss, a pufferfish named Sykes, to discuss the fact that he owes a large sum of money and must pay it back by the next day. His angelfish best friend Angie offers him a pink pearl that was a gift from her grandmother to pawn and pay his debt. Oscar brings the money to the race track to meet Sykes, but hears that the race is rigged and bets it all on a horse named "Lucky Day". Sykes is furious that Oscar bet the money but agrees to see how the race turns out. Moments before Lucky Day crosses the finish line, he trips and loses.

text: Meanwhile, a family of criminally-inclined great white sharks has a problem with one of their sons, Lenny, who is a vegetarian and refuses to act the part of a killer. His crime lord father, Don Edward Lino, orders Lenny's more savage older brother Frankie to tutor Lenny in the family business. Frankie sees Oscar being electrocuted by Sykes' two jellyfish enforcers Ernie and Bernie and charges at Oscar. However, Frankie is killed when an anchor falls on him. Lenny flees, overcome with grief and guilt. As there were no other witnesses and Oscar was seen near the body, everyone comes to believe that he killed Frankie, an opportunity that Oscar decides to exploit for fame.

text: Oscar returns to the city with a new title of "Sharkslayer". Sykes becomes his manager and Oscar moves to the "top of the reef" to live in luxury. At the same time, Don Lino has everyone search for Lenny. When several sharks approach Oscar's neighborhood, his neighbors expect him to drive them away so he goes and runs into Lenny. Since he does not wish to return home, Lenny begs Oscar to let him stay at Oscar's house. Soon, Angie finds out about the lie and threatens to tell everyone. Oscar and Lenny stage an event in which Lenny pretends to terrorize the town and Oscar defeats him. Though this further cements Oscar's reputation, it greatly angers Don Lino.

text: Oscar buys some Valentine's Day gifts for Angie, but before he can present them to her, he finds that Don Lino has kidnapped Angie to force a sit-down. Lenny attends disguised as a dolphin named Sebastian. Don Lino threatens to eat Angie if Oscar does not comply. Lenny grabs Angie into his mouth, but later regurgitates her. When Don Lino realizes that "Sebastian" is really Lenny, he chases Oscar through the reef. Oscar heads for the Whale Wash and ends up trapping both sharks. He is given an ovation by the other fish, but Oscar confesses that he is not a "Sharkslayer" and reveals the truth behind Frankie's death. He then tells Don Lino that everyone likes Lenny for who he is and urges him not to prejudge people before he knows them properly. Realizing that Oscar is right, Don Lino makes peace with him and Lenny, stating that he and his gang bear him no ill will. Oscar forsakes all the wealth he has acquired, makes peace with the sharks, becomes co-manager of the Whale Wash (now frequented by sharks, killer whales, and swordfish), and starts dating Angie.

text: Cast[edit]

text:
Will Smith as Oscar, an underachieving bluestreak cleaner wrasse worker in the Whale Wash of Reef City who wants to be rich, but his schemes always fail and he ends up owing five thousand clams to his boss.
Robert De Niro as Don Edward Lino, a great white shark and leader of a mob of criminally-inclined great white sharks, who wants his two sons to take over his business and run it together, but becomes infuriated when Oscar gets in the way following one of his sons' death. James Gandolfini was originally set to voice the character, but had to drop out.[3][4]
Renée Zellweger as Angie, Oscar's angelfish best friend and co-worker, who harbors a secret unrequited love for him.
Jack Black as Lenny Lino, Don Lino's youngest son, who is a vegetarian.
Angelina Jolie as Lola, a seductive female gold-digger lionfish whom Oscar develops a romantic interest in.
Martin Scorsese as Sykes, the pufferfish owner of the Whale Wash and a loan shark to whom Oscar owes five thousand clams. He once worked with Don Lino, but was thrown out and called in his debts to pay off the gangster.
Ziggy Marley and Doug E. Doug as Ernie and Bernie, two Jamaican jellyfish and Sykes' enforcers, who enjoy jabbing Oscar with their vicious stingers when he is in trouble with their boss.
Michael Imperioli as Frankie Lino, Lenny's older brother and Don Lino's eldest and more savage son, who shares embarrassment of Lenny's vegetarian tendencies with his father.
Vincent Pastore as Luca, Don Lino's green octopus "left-hand, right-hand man", with a tendency to state the obvious much to Lino's annoyance.
Peter Falk as Don Ira Feinberg, an elderly leopard shark and leader of a mob of criminally-inclined leopard sharks, who is a friend of Don Lino performing karaoke (badly) at the sharks' headquarters.
Katie Couric as Katie Current, the local reporter of Reef City in the U.S. release. At the time, Katie Couric hosted Today in America.[5] In the Australian release, then local Today co-host Tracy Grimshaw dubbed the lines.[5] Fiona Phillips of the UK's GMTV performed the voice for the British release of the film.[6] Cristina Parodi of Italy's Verissimo provided the Italian version of the character.[7]
David P. Smith as Crazy Joe, a deranged hermit crab who is Oscar's other friend. He normally lives in a dumpster near the Whale Wash.

text: Production[edit]

text: The film was originally developed under the title of Sharkslayer.[8] By September 2003, however, it had been retitled Shark Tale, to make the title sound less violent and more family friendly.[9][10] Bill Damaschke, the producer of the film, explained the change of the title: "We set out to make a movie a little more noir, perhaps a little darker than where we've landed."[11] In April 2002, production officially began.[3]

text: The film was produced concurrently with Finding Nemo, another animated film set underwater, which was released a year and a half before Shark Tale. DreamWorks Animation's CEO, Jeffrey Katzenberg, defended the film, saying that "any similarities are mere coincidence. We've been open with the Pixar people so we don't step on each other's toes."[4]

text: Release[edit]

text: Shark Tale had its worldwide premiere on September 10, 2004 in Piazza San Marco in Venice, Italy.[12] Screening as part of the Venice Film Festival, it marked the first time that Piazza San Marco was closed for a premiere of a major feature film.[12] The film was projected on the largest inflatable screen in the world, measuring more than six stories tall and over 3,900 square feet (360 m2). It required 20,000 cubic feet (570 m3) of air to inflate and more than 50 tons of water for stabilization.[12] The premiere was attended by 6,000 visitors,[13] including Will Smith, Angelina Jolie, Robert De Niro, and Michael Imperioli.[12] Jeffrey Katzenberg, the executive producer of the film, explained that they "wanted to find a unique way to introduce this movie to the world. We needed a big idea. … More than anything, we are in showbusiness. This is the show part."[13]

text: Box office[edit]

text: Shark Tale opened at #1 with $47.6 million, which was, at the time, the second-highest opening for a DreamWorks Animation film behind Shrek 2 ($108 million).[14] It remained as the #1 film in the U.S. and Canada for its second and third weekends.[15]

text: Overall, the movie grossed $160,861,908 in North America and $206,413,111 internationally, bringing its worldwide total to $367,275,019.[2]

text: Critical reception[edit]

text: The film received a 35% "Rotten" rating at the review aggregate website Rotten Tomatoes, with the consensus: "Derivative and full of pop culture in-jokes."[16] On another review aggregator, Metacritic, the film holds a 48 out of 100 rating or "mixed or average reviews."[17] Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "A-" on an A+ to F scale.[18]

text: John Mancini, the founder of the Italic Institute of America, protested Shark Tale for perpetuating negative stereotypes of Italian-Americans.[19] DreamWorks reacted by changing the name of Peter Falk's character from Don Brizzi to Don Feinberg. However, Mancini demanded that everything Italian—character names, the mannerisms, the forms of speech—be dropped.[19] The American Family Association, a Christian conservative organization, raised concerns about Shark Tale, suggesting that it was designed to promote the acceptance of gay rights by children.[20]

text: Roger Ebert gave Shark Tale two out of four stars, observing, "Since the target audience for Shark Tale is presumably kids and younger teenagers, how many of them have seen the R-rated Godfather and will get all the inside jokes? Not a few, I suppose, and some of its characters and dialogue have passed into common knowledge. But it's strange that a kid-oriented film would be based on parody of a 1972 gangster movie for adults." He also opined that younger viewers would have trouble enjoying a film about adult characters with adult problems, such as an elaborate love triangle and a main character wanting to clear his debt with loan sharks, and compared it to more successful fish-focused animated features like Pixar Animation Studios' Finding Nemo, which Ebert felt featured a simpler plot that audiences could more easily identify with.[21] However, Richard Roeper commented that although the film wasn't on the same level as Finding Nemo, it was definitely a film worth seeing.[22]

text: Home media[edit]

text: Shark Tale was released on DVD and VHS[23] on February 8, 2005, accompanied with a DVD-exclusive animated short film Club Oscar. The three-and-a-half-minute short film continues where the main film ends, showing the characters of Shark Tale dancing at the whale wash to a spoof of Saturday Night Fever.[24] It was also released on Game Boy Advance Video in October 2005.[25]

text: Accolades[edit]

text:
Awards

Award
Category
Name
Outcome

Academy Awards[26][27]
Academy Award for Best Animated Feature
Bill Damaschke
Nominated

Annie Awards[28]
Annie Award for Best Animated Effects in an Animated Production
Scott Cegielski
Nominated

Annie Award for Best Character Animation in a Feature Production
Ken Duncan
Nominated

Annie Award for Best Character Design in an Animated Feature Production
Carlos Grangel
Nominated

Annie Award for Production Design in an Animated Feature Production
Armand Baltazar
Nominated

Samuel Michlap
Nominated

Pierre-Olivier Vincent
Nominated

Annie Award for Best Writing in an Animated Feature Production
Michael J. Wilson
Rob Letterman
Nominated

BAFTA Children's Awards[29]
Best Feature Film

Nominated

BET Comedy Awards[30]
Best Performance in an Animated Theatrical Film
Will Smith
Nominated

Casting Society of America[31]
Best Animated Voice-Over Feature Casting
Leslee Feldman
Won

Golden Reel Awards[32]
Best Sound Editing in an Animated Feature Film
Richard L. Anderson
Thomas Jones
Wade Wilson
Mark Binder
Mike Chock
Ralph Osborn
David Williams
Mark A. Mangini
Slamm Andrews
Nominated

Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards[33]
Favorite Voice from an Animated Movie
Will Smith
Won

Saturn Awards[34]
Saturn Award for Best Animated Film

Nominated

Visual Effects Society[35]
Outstanding Performance by an Animated Character in an Animated Motion Picture
Renée Zellweger
Ken Duncan
Nominated

text: Soundtrack[edit]

text:
Shark Tale: Motion Picture Soundtrack

Soundtrack album by Various Artists

Released
September 21, 2004

Genre
R&B
hip hop
soul

Length
50:33

Label
Geffen Records
DreamWorks Records
Universal Music Group

Producer
Timbaland
Jam & Lewis
Ron Fair
Missy Elliott
The Underdogs
Dre & Vidal
The Trak Starz
Hans Zimmer

Singles from Shark Tale: Motion Picture Soundtrack

"Car Wash"
Released: August 29, 2004

text: Shark Tale: Motion Picture Soundtrack was released on September 21, 2004. The soundtrack features newly recorded music by various artists, including Justin Timberlake with Timbaland, Christina Aguilera, JoJo, Ludacris, Mary J. Blige, and Will Smith, and also features the first song recorded by pop group The Pussycat Dolls as well as the film's closing theme composed by Hans Zimmer.

text: Janet Jackson and Beyoncé initially planned to record a duet for the film's soundtrack. Jackson's frequent collaborator Jimmy Jam, who had recently worked with Beyoncé for The Fighting Temptations soundtrack, commented "Obviously we'd love to have the involvement of Janet and Beyonce, who we just worked with on Fighting Temptations. They've already expressed interest", adding "There are a lot of opportunities with an animated piece to work with some different people."[36] Jeffrey Katzenberg, CEO of DreamWorks' Animations, had appointed Jackson's producers Jam & Lewis to be involved with the soundtrack, though the duo only ended up producing only one song for the film, with Jam saying "We worked for DreamWorks before on the Bryan Adams song for Spirit: Stallion of the Cimarron and the Boyz II Men tune for The Prince of Egypt, and Katzenberg is a fan of what we do. He thought we would be perfect to do the music for Shark Tale."[36]

text: Track listing[edit]

text:
No.
Title
Writer(s)
Producer(s)
Length

1.
"Three Little Birds" (Sean Paul and Ziggy Marley)
Bob Marley
Stephen Marley
3:37

2.
"Car Wash (Shark Tale Mix)" (Christina Aguilera featuring Missy Elliott)
Norman Whitfield (additional lyrics by Missy Elliott)
Missy Elliott, Ron Fair
3:50

3.
"Good Foot" (Justin Timberlake featuring Timbaland)
Timberlake, Timothy Mosley
Timbaland
3:57

4.
"Secret Love" (JoJo)
Samantha Jade, Jared Gosselin, Phillip White
White, Jared
4:00

5.
"Lies & Rumours" (D12)
DeShaun Holton, J. Rotem, Denaun Porter, O. Moore, V. Carlisle, Rufus Johnson, M. Chavarria
Denaun Porter
4:20

6.
"Got to Be Real" (Mary J. Blige featuring Will Smith)
David Foster, David Paich & Cheryl Lynn
Andre Harris, Vidal Davis
3:33

7.
"Can't Wait" (Avant)
Damon E. Thomas, Antonio Dixon, Harvey W. Mason, Eric Dawkins, Steven Russell
The Underdogs
3:44

8.
"Gold Digger" (Ludacris featuring Bobby Valentino & Lil' Fate)
Alonzo Lee, Shamar Daugherty, Christopher Bridges, Bobby Wilson, Arbie Wilson
The Trak Starz
3:47

9.
"Get It Together" (India.Arie)
Drew Ramsey, Shannon Sanders, India.Arie, Dana Johnson, Mel Johnson
India.Arie, Sanders, Ramsey
4:54

10.
"We Went as Far as We Felt Like Going" (The Pussycat Dolls)
Bob Crewe, Kenny Nolan
Ron Fair
3:51

11.
"Digits" (Fan 3)
Allison Lurie, Paul Robb, David Clayton-Thomas, Fred Lipsius
BitCrusher
3:41

12.
"Sweet Kind of Life" (Cheryl Lynn)
James Harris III, Terry Lewis, Cheryl Lynn, Bobby Ross Avila, Issiah J. Avila, Tony Tolbert, James Q. Wright
Jimmy Jam, Terry Lewis
3:59

13.
"Some of My Best Friends Are Sharks" (Hans Zimmer)
Hans Zimmer
Hans Zimmer
3:25

Total length:
50:33

text: Charts[edit]

text:
Chart (2004)
Peak
position

U.S. Billboard 200
34

U.S. Billboard Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums
48

text: Possible sequel[edit]

text: In April 2011, Jeffrey Katzenberg commented that the studio did not have plans to produce future movie genre parodies, like Shark Tale, Monsters vs. Aliens, and Megamind, saying that these films "all shared an approach and tone and idea of parody, and did not travel well internationally. We don't have anything like that coming on our schedule now."[37]

text: Video game[edit]

text: A video game based on the film was released on September 29, 2004 for Microsoft Windows, Xbox, GameCube, PlayStation 2, and Game Boy Advance.[38] Published by Activision, Edge of Reality developed the console versions of the game, while Vicarious Visions developed the Game Boy Advance version, and Amaze Entertainment developed the PC version.[38] The cast from the film did not reprise their roles in the game.


document_title: Dr. Seuss

question_text: list two magazines in which seuss work was published

question_tokens: list two magazines in which seuss work was published

root

text: Dr. Seuss

text: Life and career

text: Early years

text: Geisel was born and raised in Springfield, Massachusetts, the son of Henrietta (née Seuss) and Theodor Robert Geisel.[5][6][7] His father managed the family brewery and was later appointed to supervise Springfield's public park system by Mayor John A. Denison[8] after the brewery closed because of Prohibition.[9] Mulberry Street in Springfield, made famous in Dr. Seuss' first children's book And to Think That I Saw It on Mulberry Street, is less than a mile southwest of his boyhood home on Fairfield Street. Geisel was raised a Lutheran.[10] He enrolled at Springfield Central High School in 1917 and graduated in 1921. He took an art class as a freshman and later became manager of the school soccer team.[11]

tag: p

text: Geisel attended Dartmouth College, graduating in 1925.[12] At Dartmouth, he joined the Sigma Phi Epsilon fraternity[5] and the humor magazine Dartmouth Jack-O-Lantern, eventually rising to the rank of editor-in-chief.[5] While at Dartmouth, he was caught drinking gin with nine friends in his room.[13] At the time, the possession and consumption of alcohol was illegal under Prohibition laws, which remained in place between 1920 and 1933. As a result of this infraction, Dean Craven Laycock insisted that Geisel resign from all extracurricular activities, including the college humor magazine.[14] To continue work on the Jack-O-Lantern without the administration's knowledge, Geisel began signing his work with the pen name "Seuss". He was encouraged in his writing by professor of rhetoric W. Benfield Pressey, whom he described as his "big inspiration for writing" at Dartmouth.[15]

text: Upon graduating from Dartmouth, he entered Lincoln College, Oxford, intending to earn a PhD in English literature.[16] At Oxford, he met Helen Palmer, who encouraged him to give up becoming an English teacher in favor of pursuing drawing as a career.[16]

text: Early career

text: Geisel left Oxford without earning a degree and returned to the United States in February 1927,[17] where he immediately began submitting writings and drawings to magazines, book publishers, and advertising agencies.[18] Making use of his time in Europe, he pitched a series of cartoons called Eminent Europeans to Life magazine, but the magazine passed on it. His first nationally published cartoon appeared in the July 16, 1927, issue of The Saturday Evening Post.[19] This single $25 sale encouraged Geisel to move from Springfield to New York City.

text: Later that year, Geisel accepted a job as writer and illustrator at the humor magazine Judge, and he felt financially stable enough to marry Helen.[20] His first cartoon for Judge appeared on October 22, 1927, and the Geisels were married on November 29. Geisel's first work signed "Dr. Seuss" was published in Judge about six months after he started working there.[21]

text: In early 1928, one of Geisel's cartoons for Judge mentioned FLIT, a common bug spray at the time manufactured by Standard Oil of New Jersey.[22] According to Geisel, the wife of an advertising executive in charge of advertising FLIT saw Geisel's cartoon at a hairdresser's and urged her husband to sign him.[23] Geisel's first Flit ad appeared on May 31, 1928, and the campaign continued sporadically until 1941.[24] The campaign's catchphrase "Quick, Henry, the Flit!" became a part of popular culture. It spawned a song and was used as a punch line for comedians such as Fred Allen and Jack Benny. As Geisel gained notoriety for the FLIT campaign, his work was in demand and began to appear regularly in magazines such as Life, Liberty, and Vanity Fair.

text: Geisel supported himself and his wife through the Great Depression by drawing advertising for General Electric, NBC, Standard Oil, Narragansett Brewing Company, and many other companies. In 1935, he wrote and drew a short-lived comic strip called Hejji.[25]

text: The increased income allowed the Geisels to move to better quarters and to socialize in higher social circles.[26] They became friends with the wealthy family of banker Frank A. Vanderlip. They also traveled extensively: by 1936, Geisel and his wife had visited 30 countries together. They did not have children, neither kept regular office hours, and they had ample money.[27] Geisel also felt that the traveling helped his creativity.

text: In 1936, the couple were returning from an ocean voyage to Europe when the rhythm of the ship's engines inspired the poem that became his first book: And to Think That I Saw It on Mulberry Street.[28] Based on Geisel's varied accounts, the book was rejected by between 20 and 43 publishers.[29][30] According to Geisel, he was walking home to burn the manuscript when a chance encounter with an old Dartmouth classmate led to its publication by Vanguard Press.[31] Geisel wrote four more books before the US entered World War II. This included The 500 Hats of Bartholomew Cubbins in 1938, as well as The King's Stilts and The Seven Lady Godivas in 1939, all of which were in prose, atypically for him. This was followed by Horton Hatches the Egg in 1940, in which Geisel returned to the use of poetry.

text: Essomarine

text: Geisel gained a significant public profile through a program for motor boat lubricants produced by Standard Oil under the brand name Essomarine.[32] He later recounted that Harry Bruno, Ted Cook, and Verne Carrier worked with him at the National Motor Boat Show on exhibits referred to as the Seuss Navy.[33]

text: In 1934, Geisel produced a 30-page booklet titled Secrets of the Deep which was available by mail after June. At the January boat show for 1935, visitors filled out order cards to receive Secrets. Geisel drew up a Certificate of Commission for visitors in 1936. A mock ship deck called SS Essomarine provided the scene where photos of "Admirals" were taken. That summer, Geisel released a second volume of Secrets. For the 1937 show, he sculpted Marine Muggs and designed a flag for the Seuss Navy.[citation needed]

text: The following year featured "Little Dramas of the Deep", a six-act play with ten characters. According to Geisel's sister, "He plans the whole show with scenery and action and then, standing in a realistic bridge, reels off a speech which combines advertising with humor." For 1939, exhibitors made available the Nuzzlepuss ashtray and illustrated tide-table calendars.

text: A Seuss Navy Luncheon was held on January 11, 1940, at the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel. At that year's boat show, Geisel provided the Navigamarama exhibit and the Sea Lawyers Gazette.

text: The final contribution to the Essomarine project was the mermaid Essie Neptune and her pet whale in 1941. The exhibit offered photos for a Happy Cruising passport.[34]

text: World War II-era work

text: As World War II began, Geisel turned to political cartoons, drawing over 400 in two years as editorial cartoonist for the left-leaning New York City daily newspaper, PM.[35] Geisel's political cartoons, later published in Dr. Seuss Goes to War, denounced Hitler and Mussolini and were highly critical of non-interventionists ("isolationists"), most notably Charles Lindbergh, who opposed US entry into the war.[36] One cartoon[37] depicted all Japanese Americans as latent traitors or fifth-columnists, while other cartoons simultaneously deplored the racism at home against Jews and blacks that harmed the war effort.[citation needed] His cartoons were strongly supportive of President Roosevelt's handling of the war, combining the usual exhortations to ration and contribute to the war effort with frequent attacks on Congress[38] (especially the Republican Party),[39] parts of the press (such as the New York Daily News, Chicago Tribune, and Washington Times-Herald),[40] and others for criticism of Roosevelt, criticism of aid to the Soviet Union,[41][42] investigation of suspected Communists,[43] and other offences that he depicted as leading to disunity and helping the Nazis, intentionally or inadvertently.

text: In 1942, Geisel turned his energies to direct support of the U.S. war effort. First, he worked drawing posters for the Treasury Department and the War Production Board. Then, in 1943, he joined the Army as a Captain and was commander of the Animation Department of the First Motion Picture Unit of the United States Army Air Forces, where he wrote films that included Your Job in Germany, a 1945 propaganda film about peace in Europe after World War II; Our Job in Japan; and the Private Snafu series of adult army training films. While in the Army, he was awarded the Legion of Merit.[44] Our Job in Japan became the basis for the commercially released film Design for Death (1947), a study of Japanese culture that won the Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature.[45] Gerald McBoing-Boing (1950) was based on an original story by Seuss and won the Academy Award for Best Animated Short Film.[46]

text: Later years

text: After the war, Geisel and his wife moved to La Jolla, California, where he returned to writing children's books. He wrote many, including such favorites as If I Ran the Zoo (1950), Horton Hears a Who! (1955), If I Ran the Circus (1956), The Cat in the Hat (1957), How the Grinch Stole Christmas! (1957), and Green Eggs and Ham (1960). He received numerous awards throughout his career, but he won neither the Caldecott Medal nor the Newbery Medal. Three of his titles from this period were, however, chosen as Caldecott runners-up (now referred to as Caldecott Honor books): McElligot's Pool (1947), Bartholomew and the Oobleck (1949), and If I Ran the Zoo (1950). Dr Seuss also wrote the musical and fantasy film The 5,000 Fingers of Dr. T., which was released in 1953. The movie was a critical and financial failure, and Geisel never attempted another feature film. During the 1950s, he also published a number of illustrated short stories, mostly in Redbook Magazine. Some of these were later collected (in volumes such as The Sneetches and Other Stories) or reworked into independent books (If I Ran the Zoo). A number have never been reprinted since their original appearances.

text: In May 1954, Life magazine published a report on illiteracy among school children which concluded that children were not learning to read because their books were boring. William Ellsworth Spaulding was the director of the education division at Houghton Mifflin (he later became its chairman), and he compiled a list of 348 words that he felt were important for first-graders to recognize. He asked Geisel to cut the list to 250 words and to write a book using only those words.[47] Spaulding challenged Geisel to "bring back a book children can't put down".[48] Nine months later, Geisel completed The Cat in the Hat, using 236 of the words given to him. It retained the drawing style, verse rhythms, and all the imaginative power of Geisel's earlier works but, because of its simplified vocabulary, it could be read by beginning readers. The Cat in the Hat and subsequent books written for young children achieved significant international success and they remain very popular today. In 2009, Green Eggs and Ham sold 540,366 copies, The Cat in the Hat sold 452,258 copies, and One Fish, Two Fish, Red Fish, Blue Fish (1960) sold 409,068 copies—outselling the majority of newly published children's books.[49]

text: Geisel went on to write many other children's books, both in his new simplified-vocabulary manner (sold as Beginner Books) and in his older, more elaborate style.

text: In 1956, Dartmouth awarded Geisel with an honorary doctorate, finally justifying the "Dr." in his pen name.

text: On April 28, 1958, Geisel appeared on an episode of the panel game show To Tell the Truth.[50]

text: Geisel's wife Helen had a long struggle with illnesses, including cancer and emotional pain over Geisel's affair with Audrey Stone Dimond. On October 23, 1967, Helen committed suicide; Geisel married Dimond on June 21, 1968.[51] Though he devoted most of his life to writing children's books, Geisel had no children of his own, saying of children: "You have 'em; I'll entertain 'em."[51] Dimond added that Geisel "lived his whole life without children and he was very happy without children."[51]

text: Geisel received the Laura Ingalls Wilder Medal from the professional children's librarians in 1980, recognizing his "substantial and lasting contributions to children's literature". At the time, it was awarded every five years.[52] He won a special Pulitzer Prize in 1984 citing his "contribution over nearly half a century to the education and enjoyment of America's children and their parents".[53]

text: Illness, death, and posthumous honors

text: Geisel died of oral cancer on September 24, 1991 at his home in La Jolla at the age of 87.[54][55] He was cremated and his ashes were scattered. On December 1, 1995, four years after his death, University of California, San Diego's University Library Building was renamed Geisel Library in honor of Geisel and Audrey for the generous contributions that they made to the library and their devotion to improving literacy.[56]

text: While Geisel was living in La Jolla, the United States Postal Service and others frequently confused him with fellow La Jolla resident Dr. Hans Suess. Their names have been linked together posthumously: the personal papers of Hans Suess are housed in the Geisel Library.[57]

text: In 2002, the Dr. Seuss National Memorial Sculpture Garden opened in his birthplace of Springfield, Massachusetts, featuring sculptures of Geisel and of many of his characters. On May 28, 2008, California Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger and First Lady Maria Shriver announced that Geisel would be inducted into the California Hall of Fame located at The California Museum for History, Women and the Arts. The induction ceremony took place December 15 and Geisel's widow Audrey accepted the honor in his place. On March 2, 2009, the Web search engine Google temporarily changed its logo to commemorate Geisel's birthday (a practice that it often follows for various holidays and events).[58]

text: In 2004, U.S. children's librarians established the annual Theodor Seuss Geisel Award to recognize "the most distinguished American book for beginning readers published in English in the United States during the preceding year". It should "demonstrate creativity and imagination to engage children in reading" from pre-kindergarten to second grade.[59]

text: At Geisel's alma mater of Dartmouth, more than 90 percent of incoming first-year students participate in pre-registration Dartmouth Outing Club trips into the New Hampshire wilderness. It is traditional for students returning from the trips to stay overnight at Dartmouth's Moosilauke Ravine Lodge, where they are served green eggs and ham for breakfast in honor of Dr. Seuss. On April 4, 2012, the Dartmouth Medical School was renamed the Audrey and Theodor Geisel School of Medicine in honor of their many years of generosity to the college.[60]

text: Dr. Seuss's honors include two Academy Awards, two Emmy Awards, a Peabody Award, the Laura Ingalls Wilder Medal, and the Pulitzer Prize.

text: Dr. Seuss has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame at the 6500 block of Hollywood Boulevard.[61]

text: Pen names and pronunciations

text: Geisel's most famous pen name is regularly pronounced /suːs/,[1] an anglicized pronunciation inconsistent with his German surname (the standard German pronunciation is [ˈzɔʏ̯s]). He himself noted that it rhymed with "voice" (his own pronunciation being /sɔɪs/). Alexander Laing, one of his collaborators on the Dartmouth Jack-O-Lantern,[62] wrote of it:

text:
You're wrong as the deuce
And you shouldn't rejoice
If you're calling him Seuss.
He pronounces it Soice[63] (or Zoice)[64]

text: Geisel switched to the anglicized pronunciation because it "evoked a figure advantageous for an author of children's books to be associated with—Mother Goose"[48] and because most people used this pronunciation. He added the "Doctor (abbreviated Dr.)" to his pen name because his father had always wanted him to practice medicine.[65]

text: For books that Geisel wrote and others illustrated, he used the pen name "Theo LeSieg", starting with I Wish That I Had Duck Feet published in 1965. "LeSieg" is "Geisel" spelled backward.[66] Geisel also published one book under the name Rosetta Stone, 1975's Because a Little Bug Went Ka-Choo!!, a collaboration with Michael K. Frith. Frith and Geisel chose the name in honor of Geisel's second wife Audrey, whose maiden name was Stone.[67]

text: Political views

text: Geisel was a liberal Democrat and a supporter of President Franklin D. Roosevelt and the New Deal. His early political cartoons show a passionate opposition to fascism, and he urged action against it both before and after the United States entered World War II. His cartoons portrayed the fear of communism as overstated, finding greater threats in the House Un-American Activities Committee and those who threatened to cut the United States' "life line"[42] to Stalin and the USSR, whom he once depicted as a porter carrying "our war load".[41]

text: Geisel supported the internment of Japanese Americans during World War II. His treatment of the Japanese and of Japanese Americans (between whom he often failed to differentiate) has struck many readers as a moral blind spot.[68] On the issue of the Japanese, he is quoted as saying:

text: But right now, when the Japs are planting their hatchets in our skulls, it seems like a hell of a time for us to smile and warble: "Brothers!" It is a rather flabby battle cry. If we want to win, we've got to kill Japs, whether it depresses John Haynes Holmes or not. We can get palsy-walsy afterward with those that are left.[69]

text: After the war, though, Geisel overcame his feelings of animosity, using his book Horton Hears a Who! (1954) as an allegory for the Hiroshima bombing and the American post-war occupation of Japan, as well as dedicating the book to a Japanese friend.[70]

text: In 1948, after living and working in Hollywood for years, Geisel moved to La Jolla, California, a predominantly Republican community.[71]

text: Geisel converted a copy of one of his famous children's books, Marvin K. Mooney Will You Please Go Now!, into a polemic shortly before the end of the 1972–1974 Watergate scandal, in which United States president Richard Nixon resigned, by replacing the name of the main character everywhere that it occurred.[72] "Richard M. Nixon, Will You Please Go Now!" was published in major newspapers through the column of his friend Art Buchwald.[72]

text: The line "a person's a person, no matter how small!!" from Horton Hears a Who! has been used widely as a slogan by the pro-life movement in the U.S., despite the objections of Geisel's widow. The line was first used in such a way in 1986; he demanded a retraction and received one.[73]

text: In his books

text: Geisel made a point of not beginning to write his stories with a moral in mind, stating that "kids can see a moral coming a mile off." He was not against writing about issues, however; he said that "there's an inherent moral in any story",[74] and he remarked that he was "subversive as hell."[75]

text: Many of Geisel's books express his views on a remarkable variety of social and political issues: The Lorax (1971), about environmentalism and anti-consumerism; "The Sneetches" (1961), about racial equality; The Butter Battle Book (1984), about the arms race; Yertle the Turtle (1958), about Adolf Hitler and anti-authoritarianism; How the Grinch Stole Christmas! (1957), criticizing the materialism and consumerism of the Christmas season; and Horton Hears a Who! (1954), about anti-isolationism and internationalism.[48][70]

text: Poetic meters

text: Geisel wrote most of his books in anapestic tetrameter, a poetic meter employed by many poets of the English literary canon. This is often suggested as one of the reasons that Geisel's writing was so well received.[76][77]

text: Anapestic tetrameter consists of four rhythmic units called anapests, each composed of two weak syllables followed by one strong syllable (the beat); often, the first weak syllable is omitted, or an additional weak syllable is added at the end. An example of this meter can be found in Geisel's "Yertle the Turtle", from Yertle the Turtle and Other Stories:

text:
And today the Great Yertle, that Marvelous he
Is King of the Mud. That is all he can see.[78]

text: Some books by Geisel that are written mainly in anapestic tetrameter also contain many lines written in amphibrachic tetrameter, such as these from If I Ran the Circus:

text:
All ready to put up the tents for my circus.
I think I will call it the Circus McGurkus.

text:
And NOW comes an act of Enormous Enormance!
No former performer's performed this performance!

text: Geisel also wrote verse in trochaic tetrameter, an arrangement of a strong syllable followed by a weak syllable, with four units per line (for example, the title of One Fish Two Fish Red Fish Blue Fish). Traditionally, English trochaic meter permits the final weak position in the line to be omitted, which allows both masculine and feminine rhymes.

text: Geisel generally maintained trochaic meter for only brief passages, and for longer stretches typically mixed it with iambic tetrameter, which consists of a weak syllable followed by a strong, and is generally considered easier to write. Thus, for example, the magicians in Bartholomew and the Oobleck make their first appearance chanting in trochees (thus resembling the witches of Shakespeare's Macbeth):

text: Shuffle, duffle, muzzle, muff

text: They then switch to iambs for the oobleck spell:

text:
Go make the Oobleck tumble down
On every street, in every town![79]

text: Artwork

text: This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (September 2017) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

tag: table

text: Geisel's early artwork often employed the shaded texture of pencil drawings or watercolors, but in his children's books of the postwar period, he generally made use of a starker medium—pen and ink—normally using just black, white, and one or two colors. His later books, such as The Lorax, used more colors.

text: Geisel's style was unique – his figures are often "rounded" and somewhat droopy. This is true, for instance, of the faces of The grinch and the Cat in the Hat. Almost all his buildings and machinery were devoid of straight lines when they were drawn, even when he was representing real objects. For example, If I Ran the Circus shows a droopy hoisting crane and a droopy steam calliope.

text: Geisel evidently enjoyed drawing architecturally elaborate objects. His endlessly varied but never rectilinear palaces, ramps, platforms, and free-standing stairways are among his most evocative creations. Geisel also drew complex imaginary machines, such as the Audio-Telly-O-Tally-O-Count, from Dr. Seuss's Sleep Book, or the "most peculiar machine" of Sylvester McMonkey McBean in The Sneetches. Geisel also liked drawing outlandish arrangements of feathers or fur: for example, the 500th hat of Bartholomew Cubbins, the tail of Gertrude McFuzz, and the pet for girls who like to brush and comb, in One Fish, Two Fish, Red Fish, Blue Fish.

text: Geisel's illustrations often convey motion vividly. He was fond of a sort of "voilà" gesture in which the hand flips outward and the fingers spread slightly backward with the thumb up. This motion is done by Ish in One Fish, Two Fish, Red Fish, Blue Fish when he creates fish (who perform the gesture with their fins), in the introduction of the various acts of If I Ran the Circus, and in the introduction of the "Little Cats" in The Cat in the Hat Comes Back. He was also fond of drawing hands with interlocked fingers, making it look as though his characters were twiddling their thumbs.

text: Geisel also follows the cartoon tradition of showing motion with lines, like in the sweeping lines that accompany Sneelock's final dive in If I Ran the Circus. Cartoon lines are also used to illustrate the action of the senses—sight, smell, and hearing—in The Big Brag, and lines even illustrate "thought", as in the moment when the Grinch conceives his awful plan to ruin Christmas.

text: Recurring images

text: Geisel's early work in advertising and editorial cartooning helped him to produce "sketches" of things that received more perfect realization later in his children's books. Often, the expressive use to which Geisel put an image later on was quite different from the original.[80] Here are some examples:

text:
An editorial cartoon from July 16, 1941[81] depicts a whale resting on the top of a mountain as a parody of American isolationists, especially Charles Lindbergh. This was later rendered (with no apparent political content) as the Wumbus of On Beyond Zebra (1955). Seussian whales (cheerful and balloon-shaped, with long eyelashes) also occur in McElligot's Pool, If I Ran the Circus, and other books.
Another editorial cartoon from 1941[82] shows a long cow with many legs and udders representing the conquered nations of Europe being milked by Adolf Hitler. This later became the Umbus of On Beyond Zebra.
The tower of turtles in a 1942 editorial cartoon[83] prefigures a similar tower in Yertle the Turtle. This theme also appeared in a Judge cartoon as one letter of a hieroglyphic message, and in Geisel's short-lived comic strip Hejji. Geisel once stated that Yertle the Turtle was Adolf Hitler.[84]
Little cats A, B, and C (as well as the rest of the alphabet) who spring from each other's hats appeared in a Ford Motor Company ad.
The connected beards in Did I Ever Tell You How Lucky You Are? appear frequently in Geisel's work, most notably in Hejji, which featured two goats joined at the beard, The 5,000 Fingers of Dr. T., which featured two roller-skating guards joined at the beard, and a political cartoon in which Nazism and the America First movement are portrayed as "the men with the Siamese Beard".
Geisel's earliest elephants were for advertising and had somewhat wrinkly ears, much as real elephants do.[85] With And to Think That I Saw It on Mulberry Street! (1937) and Horton Hatches the Egg (1940), the ears became more stylized, somewhat like angel wings and thus appropriate to the saintly Horton. During World War II, the elephant image appeared as an emblem for India in four editorial cartoons.[86] Horton and similar elephants appear frequently in the postwar children's books.
While drawing advertisements for FLIT, Geisel became adept at drawing insects with huge stingers,[87] shaped like a gentle S-curve and with a sharp end that included a rearward-pointing barb on its lower side. Their facial expressions depict gleeful malevolence. These insects were later rendered in an editorial cartoon as a swarm of Allied aircraft[88] (1942), and again as the Sneedle of On Beyond Zebra, and yet again as the Skritz in I Had Trouble in Getting to Solla Sollew.
There are many examples of creatures who arrange themselves in repeating patterns, such as the "Two and fro walkers, who march in five layers", and the Through-Horns Jumping Deer in If I Ran the Circus, and the arrangement of birds which the protagonist of Oh, the Places You'll Go! walks through, as the narrator admonishes him to "... always be dexterous and deft, and never mix up your right foot with your left."

tag: ul

text: Publications

text: Geisel wrote more than 60 books over the course of his long career. Most were published under his well-known pseudonym Dr. Seuss, though he also authored more than a dozen books as Theo LeSieg and one as Rosetta Stone. His books have topped many bestseller lists, sold over 600 million copies, and been translated into more than 20 languages.[3] In 2000, Publishers Weekly compiled a list of the best-selling children's books of all time; of the top 100 hardcover books, 16 were written by Geisel, including Green Eggs and Ham, at number 4, The Cat in the Hat, at number 9, and One Fish, Two Fish, Red Fish, Blue Fish, at number 13.[89] In the years after his death in 1991, two additional books were published based on his sketches and notes: Hooray for Diffendoofer Day! and Daisy-Head Mayzie. My Many Colored Days was originally written in 1973 but was posthumously published in 1996. In September 2011, seven stories originally published in magazines during the 1950s were released in a collection titled The Bippolo Seed and Other Lost Stories.[90]

text: Geisel also wrote a pair of books for adults: The Seven Lady Godivas (1939; reprinted 1987), a retelling of the Lady Godiva legend that included nude depictions; and You're Only Old Once! (written in 1986 when Geisel was 82), which chronicles an old man's journey through a clinic. His last book was Oh, the Places You'll Go!, which was published the year before his death and became a popular gift for graduating students.[91]

text: Adaptions

text: Theatrical Films

text:
Year
Film
Format
Director
Writer
Distributor
Length
Budget

1942
Horton Hatches the Egg
traditionally animated
Bob Clampett
Michael Maltese
Warner Bros. Pictures
10 min.

–

1950
Gerald McBoing-Boing
Robert Cannon

UPA

–

2000
How the Grinch Stole Christmas
live-action
Ron Howard
Jeffrey Price and Peter S. Seaman
Universal Pictures
104 min.
$123 million

2003
The Cat in the Hat
Bo Welch
Alec Berg, David Mandel, and Jeff Schaffer
Universal Pictures and DreamWorks Pictures
82 min.
$109 million

2008
Horton Hears a Who!
computer-animated
Jimmy Hayward and Steve Martino
Cinco Paul and Ken Daurio
20th Century Fox
86 min.
$85 million

2012
The Lorax
Chris Renaud and Kyle Balda
Universal Pictures
$70 million

2018
The Grinch
Scott Mosier and Yarrow Cheney
Michael LeSieur and Tommy Swerdlow

–

–

TBA
The Cat in the Hat

–

–

Warner Bros. Pictures

–

–

text: TV specials

text:
Year
Film
Format
Director
Writer
Distributor
Length

1966
How the Grinch Stole Christmas!
traditionally animated
Chuck Jones
Dr. Seuss, Irv Spector, and Bob Ogle
MGM
25 min.

1970
Horton Hears a Who!
Dr. Seuss

1971
The Cat in the Hat
Hawley Pratt
CBS

1972
The Lorax

1973
Dr. Seuss on the Loose

1975
The Hoober-Bloob Highway

1977
Halloween Is Grinch Night

1980
Pontoffel Pock, Where Are You?

1982
The Grinch Grinches the Cat in the Hat

1989
The Butter Battle Book
Ralph Bakshi

Turner

1995
Daisy-Head Mayzie

Turner

text: TV series

text:
Year
Film
Format
Director
Writer
Distributor
Length

1996-1998
The Wubbulous World of Dr. Seuss

Turner
TV series

2010-2012
The Cat in the Hat Knows a Lot About That!

TV series

text: Adaptations

text: For most of his career, Geisel was reluctant to have his characters marketed in contexts outside of his own books. However, he did permit the creation of several animated cartoons, an art form in which he had gained experience during World War II, and he gradually relaxed his policy as he aged.

text: The first adaptation of one of Geisel's works was a cartoon version of Horton Hatches the Egg, animated at Warner Bros. in 1942 and directed by Bob Clampett. It was presented as part of the Merrie Melodies series and included a number of gags not present in the original narrative, including a fish committing suicide and a Katharine Hepburn imitation by Mayzie.

text: As part of the Puppetoon theatrical cartoon series for Paramount Pictures, two of Geisel's works were adapted into stop-motion films by George Pal. The first, "The 500 Hats of Bartholomew Cubbins", was released in 1943[92] and nominated for an Academy Award for "Short Subject (Cartoon)" the following year.[93] The second, "And to Think I Saw It on Mulberry Street", with a title slightly altered from the book's, was released in 1944.[94]

text: In 1959, Geisel authorized Revell, the well-known plastic model-making company, to make a series of "animals" that snapped together rather than being glued together, and could be assembled, disassembled, and re-assembled "in thousands" of ways. The series was called the "Dr. Seuss Zoo" and included Gowdy the Dowdy Grackle, Norval the Bashful Blinket, Tingo the Noodle Topped Stroodle, and Roscoe the Many Footed Lion. The basic body parts were the same and all were interchangeable, and so it was possible for children to combine parts from various characters in essentially unlimited ways in creating their own animal characters (Revell encouraged this by selling Gowdy, Norval, and Tingo together in a "Gift Set" as well as individually). Revell also made a conventional glue-together "beginner's kit" of The Cat in the Hat.

text: In 1966, Geisel authorized eminent cartoon artist Chuck Jones – his friend and former colleague from the war – to make a cartoon version of How the Grinch Stole Christmas! Geisel was credited as a co-producer under his real name Ted Geisel, along with Jones. The cartoon was narrated by Boris Karloff, who also provided the voice of the Grinch. It was very faithful to the original book, and is considered a classic to this day by many. It is often broadcast as an annual Christmas television special. Jones directed an adaptation of Horton Hears a Who! in 1970 and produced an adaptation of The Cat in the Hat in 1971.

text: From 1972 to 1983, Geisel wrote six animated specials that were produced by DePatie-Freleng: The Lorax (1972); Dr. Seuss on the Loose (1973); The Hoober-Bloob Highway (1975); Halloween Is Grinch Night (1977); Pontoffel Pock, Where Are You? (1980); and The Grinch Grinches the Cat in the Hat (1982). Several of the specials won multiple Emmy Awards.

text: A Soviet paint-on-glass-animated short film was made in 1986 called Welcome, an adaptation of Thidwick the Big-Hearted Moose. The last adaptation of Geisel's work before he died was The Butter Battle Book, a television special based on the book of the same name, directed by adult animation legend Ralph Bakshi.

text: A television film titled In Search of Dr. Seuss was released in 1994, which adapted many of Seuss's stories. It uses both live-action versions and animated versions of the characters and stories featured; however, the animated portions were merely edited versions of previous animated television specials and, in some cases, re-dubbed as well.

text: After Geisel died of cancer at the age of 87 in 1991, his widow Audrey Geisel was placed in charge of all licensing matters. She approved a live-action feature-film version of How the Grinch Stole Christmas starring Jim Carrey, as well as a Seuss-themed Broadway musical called Seussical, and both premiered in 2000. The Grinch has had limited engagement runs on Broadway during the Christmas season, after premiering in 1998 (under the title How the Grinch Stole Christmas) at the Old Globe Theatre in San Diego, where it has become a Christmas tradition. In 2003, another live-action film was released, this time an adaptation of The Cat in the Hat that featured Mike Myers as the title character. Audrey Geisel has spoken critically of the film, especially the casting of Myers as the Cat in the Hat, and stated that she would not allow any further live-action adaptations of Geisel's books.[95] However, a first animated CGI feature film adaptation of Horton Hears a Who! was approved, and was eventually released on March 14, 2008, to critical acclaim. A second CGI-animated feature film adaptation of The Lorax was released by Universal on March 2, 2012 (on what would have been Seuss's 108th birthday). A third CGI-animated feature film adaptation of The Grinch will be released by Universal on November 9, 2018.

text: Four television series have been adapted from Geisel's work. The first, Gerald McBoing-Boing, was an animated television adaptation of Geisel's 1951 cartoon of the same name and lasted three months between 1956 and 1957. The second, The Wubbulous World of Dr. Seuss, was a mix of live-action and puppetry by Jim Henson Television, the producers of The Muppets. It aired for one season on Nickelodeon in the United States, from 1996 to 1997. The third, Gerald McBoing-Boing, is a remake of the 1956 series.[96] Produced in Canada by Cookie Jar Entertainment (now DHX Media) and North America by Classic Media (now DreamWorks Classics), it ran from 2005 to 2007. The fourth, The Cat in the Hat Knows a Lot About That!, produced by Portfolio Entertainment Inc., began on August 7, 2010, in Canada and September 6, 2010, in the United States and is currently still showing.[when?]

text: Geisel's books and characters are also featured in Seuss Landing, one of many islands at the Islands of Adventure theme park in Orlando, Florida. In an attempt to match Geisel's visual style, there are reportedly "no straight lines" in Seuss Landing.[97]

text: The Hollywood Reporter has reported that Warner Animation Group and Dr. Seuss Enterprises have struck a deal to make new animated movies based on the stories of Dr. Seuss. Their first project will be a fully animated version of The Cat in the Hat.[98]


document_title: Saginaw, Michigan (song)

question_text: who sang i was born in saginaw michigan

question_tokens: who sang i was born in saginaw michigan

text: Saginaw, Michigan (song)

text:
"Saginaw, Michigan"

Single by Lefty Frizzell

from the album Saginaw, Michigan

B-side
"When It Rains the Blues"

Released
November 26, 1963

Format
7"

Recorded
October 16, 1963

Genre
Country

Length
3:05

Label
Columbia

Songwriter(s)
Bill Anderson and Don Wayne

Producer(s)
Don Law and Frank Jones

Lefty Frizzell singles chronology

"Don't Let Her See Me Cry"
(1963)
"Saginaw, Michigan"
(1963)
"The Nestor"
(1964)

"Don't Let Her See Me Cry"
(1963)
"Saginaw, Michigan"
(1964)
"The Nestor"
(1964)

text: "Saginaw, Michigan" is a 1964 song performed by Lefty Frizzell. The single was Lefty Frizzell's sixth and final number one on the U.S. country chart.[1] "Saginaw, Michigan" spent a total of twenty-three weeks on the country chart and peaked at number eighty-five on the Billboard Hot 100.[2] The song earned Lefty Frizzell a Grammy nomination.

text: The most notable cover of the song was done by Bobby Bare. It was included on his 1966 LP, The Streets of Baltimore.[3]

text: Synopsis[edit]

text: The song is sung from the point of view of the working-class son of a fisherman from the titular city of Saginaw, Michigan, who falls in love with the daughter of a much wealthier man. The rich man does not believe the singer is worthy of his daughter, so the singer travels north to Alaska in hopes of finding gold. When there is no gold, the singer concocts a ruse upon returning to Saginaw: he tells the wealthy man that he had struck a huge amount of gold and sells the worthless plot to the rich man for him to develop.

text: The song ends with the bamboozled rich man searching in vain for the gold in Alaska, while his daughter gladly accepts the singer's hand in marriage.

text: Chart performance[edit]

text:
Chart (1964)
Peak
position

U.S. Billboard Hot Country Singles
1

U.S. Billboard Hot 100
85


document_title: 2007 ICC World Twenty20

question_text: man of the series of t20 world cup 2007

question_tokens: man of the series of t20 world cup 2007

text: 2007 ICC World Twenty20

text: Rules and regulations[edit]

text: During the group stage and Super Eight, points were awarded to the teams as follows:

text:
Results

Points

Win
2 points

No Result
1 point

Loss
0 points

text: In case of a tie (i.e., both teams score exactly the same number of runs at the end of their respective innings), a bowl-out decided the winner. This was applicable in all stages of the tournament.[3] The bowl-out was used to determine the result of only one game in this tournament – the Group D game between India and Pakistan on 14 September (scorecard).

text: Within each group (both group stage and Super Eight stage), teams were ranked against each other based on the following criteria:[4]

text:
Higher number of points
If equal, higher number of wins
If still equal, higher net run rate
If still equal, lower bowling strike rate
If still equal, result of head to head meeting.

tag: ol

text: Qualification[edit]

text: By finishing first and second in the 2007 WCL Division One,  Kenya and Scotland qualified for the World Twenty20.[5]

text: Squads[edit]

text: Group Stages[edit]

text: The 12 participant teams were divided into four groups of three teams each. The groups were determined based on the rankings of the teams in Twenty20 as of 1 March 2007.[6] The top two teams from each group went through to the second stage of the tournament.[7]

text: All times given are South African Standard Time (UTC+02:00)

text: Group A[edit]

text:
Team

Seed

Pts

Pld

W

L

NR

NRR

 South Africa

A1
4
2
2
0
0
+0.974

 Bangladesh

A3
2
2
1
1
0
+0.149

 West Indies

A2
0
2
0
2
0
−1.233

text: Group A saw the only exit of a seeded team when the West Indies were eliminated after losing both their matches. Their first loss came after Chris Gayle's record 117 runs was not enough to prevent South Africa from winning.

text: 11 September 18:00   (scorecard)

text:
West Indies 205/6 (20 overs)

v

 South Africa208/2 (17.4 overs)

Chris Gayle 117 (57) Johan van der Wath 2/33 (4)

Herschelle Gibbs 90 (55) Fidel Edwards 1/21 (3)

text: South Africa won by 8 wickets Wanderers Stadium, Johannesburg Umpires: Mark Benson (Eng) and Daryl Harper (Aus) Player of the match: Chris Gayle (WI)

text:
Vernon Philander, Morne Morkel (both SA) and Ramnaresh Sarwan, Fidel Edwards (both WI) all made their T20I debuts.
Chris Gayle became the first person to hit a century in an official Twenty20 International.  He also scored the most sixes in one innings of Twenty20 with 10.
The West Indian first-wicket partnership of 145 between Chris Gayle and Devon Smith was the highest in Twenty20 international cricket.
The West Indies beat their own record of giving away the most extras in a Twenty20 match, with 28 (4 leg-byes, 23 wides and a no-ball).

text: 13 September 10:00   (scorecard)

text:
West Indies 164/8 (20 overs)

v

 Bangladesh165/4 (18 overs)

Devon Smith 51 (52) Shakib Al Hasan 4/34 (4)

Aftab Ahmed 62 (49) Ramnaresh Sarwan 2/10 (2)

text: Bangladesh won by 6 wickets Wanderers Stadium, Johannesburg Umpires: Mark Benson (Eng) and Nigel Llong (Eng) Player of the match: Mohammad Ashraful (Ban)

text: South Africa and Bangladesh qualified for the Super 8s as a result of this match.

text: 15 September 18:00   (scorecard)

text:
Bangladesh 144 (20.0 overs)

v

 South Africa146/3 (18.5 overs)

Aftab Ahmed 36 (14) Shaun Pollock 3/40 (3.3)

Graeme Smith 41 (34) Abdur Razzak 2/26 (4)

text: South Africa won by 7 wickets Newlands Cricket Ground, Cape Town Umpires: Asad Rauf (Pak) and Tony Hill (NZ) Player of the match: Morne Morkel (SA)

text: Group B[edit]

text:
Team

Seed

Pts

Pld

W

L

NR

NRR

 Australia

B1
2
2
1
1
0
+0.987

 England

B2
2
2
1
1
0
+0.209

 Zimbabwe

B3
2
2
1
1
0
−1.196

text: Group B started with World Champions Australia being defeated by Zimbabwe, Brendan Taylor scored 64 (not out) and saw the Africans home with one ball to spare.

text: 12 September 18:00   (scorecard)

text:
Australia 138/9 (20 overs)

v

 Zimbabwe139/5 (19.5 overs)

Brad Hodge 35 (22) Elton Chigumbura 3/20 (3)

Brendan Taylor 64* (46) Stuart Clark 2/22 (4)

text: Zimbabwe won by 5 wickets Newlands Cricket Ground, Cape Town Umpires: Asad Rauf (Pak) and Tony Hill (NZ) Player of the match: Brendan Taylor (Zim)

text: Tatenda Taibu, Vusi Sibanda, Tawanda Mupariwa (Zim) and Brad Hodge, Mitchell Johnson (both Aus) all made their T20I debuts.

text: 13 September 14:00   (scorecard)

text:
England 188/9 (20 overs)

v

 Zimbabwe138/8 (20 overs)

Kevin Pietersen 79 (37) Elton Chigumbura 4/31 (4)

Brendan Taylor 47 (39) Dimitri Mascarenhas 3/18 (4)

text: England won by 50 runs Newlands Cricket Ground, Cape Town Umpires: Asad Rauf (Pak) and Ian Howell (SA) Player of the match: Kevin Pietersen (Eng)

text: Luke Wright, Darren Maddy and Chris Schofield (Eng) all made their T20I debuts.

text: 14 September 14:00   (scorecard)

text:
England 135 all out (20 overs)

v

 Australia136/2 (14.5 overs)

Andrew Flintoff 31 (19) Nathan Bracken 3/16 (4)

Matthew Hayden 67* (43) Andrew Flintoff 1/25 (4)

text: Australia won by 8 wickets Newlands Cricket Ground, Cape Town Umpires: Asad Rauf (Pak) and Ian Howell (SA) Player of the match: Nathan Bracken (Aus)

text: Australia and England qualified for the Super 8s as a result of this match.

text: Group C[edit]

text:
Team

Seed

Pts

Pld

W

L

NR

NRR

 Sri Lanka

C2
4
2
2
0
0
+4.721

 New Zealand

C1
2
2
1
1
0
+2.396

 Kenya

C3
0
2
0
2
0
−8.047

text: In the first match Kenya scored the lowest Twenty20 International total of 73 against New Zealand and went on to lose with 12.2 overs and 9 wickets to spare. Kenya's fate was sealed when they allowed Sri Lanka to post a Twenty20 world record of 260 in the group's second match. Kenya were then bowled out for 88 and lost by a record 172 runs.

text: 12 September 10:00   (scorecard)

text:
Kenya 73 (16.5 overs)

v

 New Zealand74/1 (7.4 overs)

Collins Obuya 18 (25) Mark Gillespie 4/7 (2.5)

Lou Vincent 27 (20) Thomas Odoyo 1/22 (3)

text: New Zealand won by 9 wickets Kingsmead, Durban Umpires: Billy Doctrove (WI) and Simon Taufel (Aus) Player of the match: Mark Gillespie (NZ)

text:
Nehemiah Odhiambo, Maurice Ouma (Ken) and Chris Martin (cricketer), Daniel Vettori (NZ) all made their T20I debuts.
Kenya's score of 73 all out was the lowest ever score in a Twenty20 International.

text: 14 September 10:00   (scorecard)

text:
Sri Lanka 260/6 (20 overs)

v

 Kenya88 (19.3 overs)

Sanath Jayasuriya 88 (44) Jimmy Kamande 3/48 (4)

Alex Obanda 21 (25) Tillakaratne Dilshan 2/4 (1.3)

text: Sri Lanka won by 172 runs Wanderers Stadium, Johannesburg Umpires: Daryl Harper (Aus) and Nigel Llong (Eng) Player of the match: Sanath Jayasuriya (SL)

text:
Jehan Mubarak and Gayan Wijekoon (both SL) made their T20I debuts.
Sri Lanka's score of 260 for six was the highest recorded in any top-level Twenty20 match. They also recorded the largest margin of victory in Twenty20 Internationals.
Sri Lanka and New Zealand qualified for the Super 8s as a result of this match.

text: 15 September 14:00   (scorecard)

text:
New Zealand 164/7 (20 overs)

v

 Sri Lanka168/3 (18.5 overs)

Ross Taylor 62 (42) Dilhara Fernando 2/31 (4)

Sanath Jayasuriya 61 (44) Daniel Vettori 2/23 (4)

text: Sri Lanka won by 7 wickets Wanderers Stadium, Johannesburg Umpires: Mark Benson (Eng) Daryl Harper (Aus) Player of the match: Sanath Jayasuriya (SL)

text: Group D[edit]

text:
Team

Seed

Pts

Pld

W

L

NR

NRR

 India

D2
3
2
1
0
1
  +0.000

 Pakistan

D1
2
2
1
1
0
+1.275

 Scotland

D3
1
2
0
1
1
−2.550

text: India and Pakistan played in the first ever World Twenty20 bowl-out. India's bowlers defeated Pakistan 3–0.

text: 12 September 14:00   (scorecard)

text:
Pakistan 171/9 (20 overs)

v

 Scotland120 (19.5 overs)

Younis Khan 41 (29) Craig Wright 3/29 (4)

Fraser Watts 46 (35) Shahid Afridi 4/19 (4)

text: Pakistan won by 51 runs Kingsmead, Durban Umpires: Steve Davis (Aus) and Simon Taufel (Aus) Player of the match: Shahid Afridi

text: 13 September 18:00   (scorecard)

text:
India

v

 Scotland

text: Match Abandoned – No Result Kingsmead, Durban Umpires: Steve Davis (Aus) and Simon Taufel (Aus)

text: Pakistan qualified for the Super 8s as a result of this match.

text: 14 September 18:00   (scorecard)

text:
India 141/9 (20 overs)

v

 Pakistan141/7 (20 overs)

Robin Uthappa 50 (39) Mohammad Asif 4/18 (4)

Misbah-ul-Haq 53 (35) Irfan Pathan 2/20 (4)

text: Match tied,  India won bowl-out (3–0, Ind X X X, Pak O O O) Kingsmead, Durban Umpires: Billy Doctrove (WI) and Simon Taufel (Aus) Player of the match: Mohammad Asif

text:
Sohail Tanvir (Pak) made his T20I debut.
After the match ended in a tie, the winner was decided out of a bowl out. India won the bowl out and qualified for the Super 8s as a result of this match.

text: Super 8s[edit]

text: This tournament's Super Eight format was designed such that the top 2 seeds from each group was pre-decided at the start of the tournament. The actual performance of the team in the Group Stage played no role in determining if the team qualified into Super Eight Group E or F. For example, in Group C, though Sri Lanka finished with more points than New Zealand, for the purpose of the Super Eight groupings, New Zealand retained the group's top seed position (C1) while Sri Lanka retained the group's second seed position (C2).

text: In case a third-seeded team qualified ahead of the two top-seeded teams, it took on the seed of the eliminated team. This only happened in Group A, where Bangladesh (original seed A3) qualified ahead of West Indies (original seed A2) and therefore took on the A2 spot in Group F. The other seven top seeds qualified.[8]

text: The eight teams were divided into two groups of four teams each. The two top teams from each Super Eight group qualified for the semi-finals.

text: Group E[edit]

text:
Team

Pts

Pld

W

L

NR

NRR

 India

4
3
2
1
0
+0.750

 New Zealand

4
3
2
1
0
+0.050

 South Africa

4
3
2
1
0
−0.116

 England

0
3
0
3
0
−0.700

text: 16 September 10:00   (scorecard)

text:
New Zealand 190 (20 overs)

v

 India180/9 (20 overs)

Brendon McCullum 45 (31) Harbhajan Singh 2/24 (4)

Gautam Gambhir 51 (33) Daniel Vettori 4/20 (4)

text: New Zealand won by 10 runs Wanderers Stadium, Johannesburg Umpires: Mark Benson (Eng) and Nigel Llong (Eng) Player of the match: Daniel Vettori (NZ)

text: 16 September 18:00   (scorecard)

text:
South Africa 154/8 (20 overs)

v

 England135/7 (20 overs)

Albie Morkel 43 (20) Stuart Broad 3/37 (4)

Owais Shah 36 (31) Albie Morkel 2/12 (2)

text: South Africa won by 19 runs Newlands Cricket Ground, Cape Town Umpires: Asad Rauf (Pak) and Tony Hill (NZ) Player of the match: Albie Morkel (SA)

text: 18 September 10:00   (scorecard)

text:
New Zealand 164/9 (20 overs)

v

 England159/8 (20 overs)

Craig McMillan 57 (31) James Anderson 2/24 (4)

Darren Maddy 50 (31) Shane Bond 2/20 (4)

text: New Zealand won by 5 runs Kingsmead, Durban Umpires: Billy Doctrove (WI) and Simon Taufel (Aus) Player of the match: Craig McMillan (NZ)

text: 19 September 14:00   (scorecard)

text:
New Zealand 153/8 (20 overs)

v

 South Africa158/4 (19.1 overs)

Craig McMillan 48 (25) Morné Morkel 4/16 (4)

Justin Kemp 89* (56) Mark Gillespie 2/11 (3.1)

text: South Africa won by 6 wickets Kingsmead, Durban Umpires: Billy Doctrove (WI) and Simon Taufel (Aus) Player of the match: Justin Kemp (SA)

text:
Nathan McCullum (NZ) made his T20I debut.
England eliminated and lost the chance to play the semis as a result of this match.

text: 19 September 18:00   (scorecard)

text:
India 218/4 (20 overs)

v

 England200/6 (20 overs)

Virender Sehwag 68 (42) Chris Tremlett 2/45 (4)

Vikram Solanki 43 (31) Irfan Pathan 3/37 (4)

text: India won by 18 runs Kingsmead, Durban Umpires: Billy Doctrove (WI) and Simon Taufel (Aus) Player of the match: Yuvraj Singh (IND)

text:
Rohit Sharma, Joginder Sharma (Ind) and Chris Tremlett (Eng) made their T20I debuts.
Yuvraj Singh scored the fastest fifty in an official Twenty20 International from just 12 deliveries faced (previous best was 20 balls by Mohammed Ashraful in the same tournament) and also became the fourth cricketer in all official forms of cricket and the first in Twenty20 to hit 6 sixes in an over. Stuart Broad was the bowler.
This was the highest score against a Test team during the tournament.

text: 20 September 18:00   (scorecard)

text:
India 153/5 (20 overs)

v

 South Africa116/9 (20 overs)

Rohit Sharma 50 (40) Shaun Pollock 2/17 (4)

Albie Morkel 36 (37) R. P. Singh 4/13 (4)

text: India won by 37 runs Kingsmead, Durban Umpires: Billy Doctrove (WI) and Simon Taufel (Aus) Player of the match: Rohit Sharma (Ind)

text: After three teams finished on equal points New Zealand and India advanced to the semi-finals by having higher net run rates. The hosts, South Africa, were eliminated as a result of this match.

text: Group F[edit]

text:
Team

Pts

Pld

W

L

NR

NRR

 Pakistan

6
3
3
0
0
+0.843

 Australia

4
3
2
1
0
+2.256

 Sri Lanka

2
3
1
2
0
−0.697

 Bangladesh

0
3
0
3
0
−2.031

text: 16 September 14:00   (scorecard)

text:
Bangladesh 123/8 (20 overs)

v

 Australia124/1 (13.5 overs)

Tamim Iqbal 32 (40) Brett Lee 3/27 (4)

Matthew Hayden 73* (48) Mashrafe Mortaza 0/27 (3.5)

text: Australia won by 9 wickets Newlands Cricket Ground, Cape Town Umpires: Asad Rauf (Pak) and Ian Howell (SA) Player of the match: Brett Lee (Aus)

text: Brett Lee took the first ever hat-trick in a T20I match.[9]

text: 17 September 18:00   (scorecard)

text:
Pakistan 189/6 (20 overs)

v

 Sri Lanka156/9 (20 overs)

Shoaib Malik 57 (31) Lasith Malinga 3/43 (4)

Chamara Silva 38 (27) Shahid Afridi 3/18 (4)

text: Pakistan won by 33 runs Wanderers Stadium, Johannesburg Umpires: Daryl Harper (Aus) and Nigel Llong (Eng) Player of the match: Younis Khan (Pak)

text: 18 September 14:00   (scorecard)

text:
Australia 164/7 (20 overs)

v

 Pakistan165/4 (19.1 overs)

Michael Hussey 37 (25) Sohail Tanvir 3/31 (4)

Misbah-ul-Haq 66 (42) Stuart Clark 3/27 (4)

text: Pakistan won by 6 wickets Wanderers Stadium, Johannesburg Umpires: Mark Benson (Eng) and Nigel Llong (Eng) Player of the match: Misbah-ul-Haq (Pak)

text: 18 September 18:00   (scorecard)

text:
Sri Lanka 147/5 (20 overs)

v

 Bangladesh83 (15.5 overs)

Jehan Mubarak 31* (19) Mahmudullah 1/19 (4)

Aftab Ahmed 18 (11) Sanath Jayasuriya 2/4 (1.5)

text: Sri Lanka won by 64 runs Wanderers Stadium, Johannesburg Umpires: Mark Benson (Eng) and Daryl Harper (Aus) Player of the match: Dilhara Fernando (Sri)

text:
Pakistan qualified for the semi-finals as a result of this match.
Bangladesh was eliminated from the tournament.

text: 20 September 10:00   (scorecard)

text:
Sri Lanka 101 (19.3 overs)

v

 Australia102/0 (10.2 overs)

Jehan Mubarak 28 (26) Stuart Clark 4/20 (4)

Matthew Hayden 58* (38)

text: Australia won by 10 wickets Newlands Cricket Ground, Cape Town Umpires: Asad Rauf (Pak) and Ian Howell (SA) Player of the match: Stuart Clark (Aus)

text:
Australia qualified for the semi-finals as a result of this match.
Sri Lanka was eliminated from the tournament.
This was the first time a team chased a total in the tournament with all 10 wickets intact, making it the biggest margin of victory in terms of wickets.

text: 20 September 14:00   (scorecard)

text:
Bangladesh 140 (19.4 overs)

v

 Pakistan141/6 (19 overs)

Junaid Siddique 71 (49) Shoaib Malik 2/15 (2)

Shahid Afridi 39 (15) Abdur Razzak 2/16 (4)

text: Pakistan won by 4 wickets Newlands Cricket Ground, Cape Town Umpires: Ian Howell (SA) and Tony Hill (NZ) Player of the match: Junaid Siddique (Ban)

text: Knockout stages[edit]

text:
Semi-finalsFinal        22 September – Newlands Cricket Ground, Cape Town    New Zealand143/8 (20 ov)  24 September – Wanderers Stadium, Johannesburg   Pakistan147/4 (18.5 ov)
  Pakistan152 (19.3 ov) 22 September – Kingsmead, Durban  India157/5 (20 ov)   India 188/5 (20 ov)    Australia173/7 (20 ov)

text: Semi-finals[edit]

text: 22 September 13:00   (scorecard)

text:
New Zealand 143/8 (20 overs)

v

 Pakistan147/4 (18.5 overs)

Ross Taylor 37* (23) Umar Gul 3/15 (4)

Imran Nazir 59 (41) Scott Styris 1/14 (3)

text: Pakistan won by 6 wickets Newlands Cricket Ground, Cape TownAttendance: 18 734 Umpires: Daryl Harper (AUS) and Simon Taufel (AUS) Player of the match: Umar Gul (Pak)

text: 22 September 18:00   (scorecard)

text:
India 188/5 (20 overs)

v

 Australia173/7 (20 overs)

Yuvraj Singh 70 (30) Mitchell Johnson 2/31 (4)

Matthew Hayden 62 (47) Sreesanth 2/12 (4)

text: India won by 15 runs Kingsmead, Durban Umpires: Asad Rauf (PAK) and MR Benson (ENG) Player of the match: Yuvraj Singh (IND)

text: Final[edit]

text: 24 September 14:00   (scorecard)

text:
India 157/5 (20 overs)

v

 Pakistan152 all out (19.3 overs)

Gautam Gambhir 75 (54) Umar Gul 2/38 (4)

Misbah-ul-Haq 43 (38) Irfan Pathan 3/16 (4)

text: India won by 5 runs Wanderers Stadium, JohannesburgAttendance: 32,217 Umpires: Mark Benson (ENG), Simon Taufel (AUS) Player of the match: Irfan Pathan (Ind)

text: Yusuf Pathan (Ind) made his T20I debut.

text: India won the toss and chose to bat on what was considered to be a traditionally batsman-friendly pitch at the Bullring.[10] Umar Gul took the wickets of both Yuvraj Singh and Mahendra Singh Dhoni, leaving India with 157/5 in 20 overs; only Gautam Gambhir (75 from 54 balls) produced a notable innings. A 21-run over from Sreesanth swung the game towards Pakistan. However, Irfan Pathan (3–16) and Joginder Sharma (2–20) slowed the scoring dramatically. With Pakistan needing 54 from 24 balls, Misbah-ul-Haq hit 3 sixes off Harbhajan Singh in one over. Sreesanth was also dispatched for 2 sixes but took the wicket of Sohail Tanvir, as Pakistan went into the last over needing 13 runs to win, with only 1 wicket remaining. Joginder Sharma bowled a wide first ball, followed by a dot ball. Misbah followed by taking six off a full-toss; Pakistan needed just 6 runs to win from the last four balls. Misbah attempted to hit the next ball with a paddle-scoop over fine leg, but he only managed to sky the ball, and it was caught at short fine-leg by Sreesanth, leaving Pakistan all out for 152 runs. Irfan Pathan was awarded the Man of the Match for his spell, which included 3 wickets for 16 runs, including that of Man of the Series, Shahid Afridi.

text: Records and statistics[edit]

text: Venues[edit]

text: All matches were played at the following three grounds:

text:
Newlands Cricket Ground, Cape Town
Sahara Stadium Kingsmead, Durban
Wanderers Stadium, Johannesburg

text: Match officials[edit]

text: The umpires were selected from the Elite Panel of ICC Umpires and the ICC International umpire panel and the referees from the Panel of ICC Referees.

text: Media coverage[edit]

text: Coverage of the 2007 ICC World Twenty20 was as follows:

text:
Television networks
Africa — Supersport (Live)
Australia — Fox Sports (Live)
Australia — Nine Network
Bangladesh — Bangladesh Television(In group stage 2 Bangladesh match only) (Live)
Canada — Asian Television Network (Live)
Caribbean  – Caribbean Media Corporation (Live)
India — ESPN (Live) – English
India — STAR Cricket (Live) – Hindi
Jamaica – Television Jamaica (Live)
Middle East  – Ten Sports (Live)
New Zealand — SKY Network Television (Live)
Pakistan — GEO Super (Live)
Pakistan – Pakistan Television Corporation (Live)
Sri Lanka — Sirasa Network (Live)
United Kingdom — Sky Sports (Live)
United States — DirecTV CricketTicket (Live)
Radio Networks

Africa — All Jazz Radio
Australia — Australian live radio
Bangladesh — DhakaFM
Canada — CBC radio one
Caribbean; Radio airplay
India — All India Radio
Jamaica – Radio Jamaica Limited
Middle East – Top Fm radio
New Zealand — Radio pacific
Pakistan — Radio Pakistan
Sri Lanka — Radio Sri Lanka, Sinhala Radio Service
United Kingdom — BBC Radio 5 Live
United States — WHTZ-FM – Z-100
References[edit]

Jump up ^ "T20 World Cup 2007". cricketwa. Retrieved 2015-12-22.

Jump up ^ Soni, Paresh (24 September 2007). "ICC World Twenty20". BBC. Retrieved 2007-09-24. India beat Pakistan in the World Twenty20 final by five runs to clinch their first major trophy since 1983.

Jump up ^ Playing conditions Archived 20 July 2008 at the Wayback Machine., from ICC World Twenty20 homepage, retrieved 12 September 2007

Jump up ^ Final WorldTwenty20 Playing conditions Archived 11 September 2008 at the Wayback Machine., from ICC World Twenty20 homepage, retrieved 12 September 2007

Jump up ^ A long way from home "... place among the big boys in the inaugural Twenty20 World Championship in South Africa this September ..." from Cricinfo, retrieved 9 April 2007

Jump up ^ "Twenty20 WC: India, Pak in same group". Rediff.com. 13 June 2007. Archived from the original on 17 May 2009. Retrieved 2009-03-14.

Jump up ^ "Twenty20 World Championship Schedule announced". SportsAustralia.com. 15 May 2007. Archived from the original on 17 May 2009. Retrieved 2009-03-14.

Jump up ^ Tournament format, from ICC World Twenty20 homepage, retrieved 8 September 2007

Jump up ^ Veera, Sriram (16 September 2007). "Hayden and Lee power Australian win". ESPNcricinfo. Retrieved 28 March 2016.

Jump up ^ "Arch rivals sight redemption in dream T20 final". AFP. 23 September 2007. Retrieved 2007-09-25. With fellow master-blasters Dhoni and Pakistan's Shahid Afridi both due to take the field at the batsman-friendly Wanderers here, a sell-out crowd on what is a bank holiday in South Africa can expect another run-fest.

External links[edit]
Recent rule changes for Twenty20 Cricket.   Follow the link to download a .pdf file of ALL the rules

Wikinews has news related to:
 2007 Twenty20 World Championship
Official Website
2007 World Twenty20 Championship Latest News
CricketEurope article on ICC World Twenty20
Cricinfo article on ground allocation
Sky Sports News
BBC Sport article on fixture announcement
Official fixture list, from Cricket South Africa
Match Statistics & Results on ESPNcricinfo
Progressive ICC rankings for Tests, ODIs and Twenty20 on ESPNcricinfo
India vs New Zealand 2007 ICC Twenty20 world cup 13th Match summary
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text: Webarchive template wayback linksUse dmy dates from February 2013


document_title: The Karate Kid (2010 film)

question_text: who plays dre's mom in karate kid

question_tokens: who plays dre 's mom in karate kid

text: The Karate Kid (2010 film)

text: Plot[edit]

text: Dre Parker and his mother Sherry Parker move from Detroit to Beijing after Sherry gets a job transfer at her car factory. After a day in a park, Dre develops a crush on a young violinist, Meiying, who reciprocates his attention, but another boy Cheng, a rebellious kung fu prodigy whose family is close to Meiying's, attempts to keep them apart by violently attacking Dre, and later bullies him at school. During an attack, the maintenance man, Mr. Han comes to Dre's aid, and when Cheng and his friends try to interfere, Han defeats each of them in close combat, revealing himself as a kung fu master.

text: After Han mends Dre's injuries using fire cupping, Dre asks if Mr. Han could teach him kung fu. Han refuses, but meets Cheng's teacher, Master Li, to make peace. Li, who teaches his students to show no mercy to their enemies, challenges Dre to a fight with Cheng. Han instead proposes that Dre compete against Li's students at an open martial arts tournament, and also requests the students leave Dre alone to train in time for the tournament. Li accepts the offer, but warns Han that if Dre does not show up during the tournament, he will personally bring pain to Han and Dre.

text: Han promises to teach Dre kung fu and begins to train Dre by emphasizing movements that apply to life in general, and that serenity and maturity, not punches and power, are the true keys to mastering the martial art. He teaches this by having Dre go through various actions with his jacket, which teaches Dre muscle memory moves. Han then takes Dre to a Taoist temple in the Wudang Mountains where he trained with his father, and Dre witnesses a woman making a cobra reflect her movements and drinks the water from an ancient Taoist well.

text: As Dre's friendship with Meiying continues, they share a kiss at the festival. Dre persuades Meiying to cut school for a day of fun, but when she is nearly late for her violin audition which was brought forward a day without their knowledge, her parents deem him a bad influence and forbid her from spending more time with him.

text: During the course of their training, Han gives Dre a day off. Dre goes to Han that night and finds Han, apparently drunk, smashing a car he was working on. Han tells Dre that he crashed the same car years ago, and that his wife and ten-year-old son were with him and died in the car crash. Han fixes the car every year but smashes it to remind himself of what happened, which makes Dre work much harder in his training in order to help Han forget about the incident. Han assists Dre in writing a note of apology to Meiying's father in Chinese; he accepts and promises that Meiying will attend the tournament to support Dre.

text: At the tournament, the under-confident Dre is slow to achieve parity with his opponents, but soon begins beating them and advances to the semifinals, as does Cheng, who violently finishes off his opponents. Dre comes up against Liang, one of Li's more sympathetic students and the least vicious of Dre's tormentors, who (under Li's goading) severely hurts Dre's leg and Liang is disqualified as a result, while Dre is taken to the infirmary.

text: Despite Han's insistence that he has earned respect for his performance, Dre convinces Han to mend his leg by using fire cupping in order to continue. Dre returns to the arena, facing Cheng in the final. Dre delivers impressive blows, but Li orders Cheng to break Dre's leg. Cheng is horrified at the order, but obeys under Li's intimidation. As the match continues, Cheng seizes Dre's leg and delivers a vicious blow, doing further damage. Dre struggles to get up, and attempts the reflection technique to manipulate Cheng into changing his attack stance. Cheng begins reflecting Dre's movements and it goads him into charging Dre, but Dre flips and catches Cheng with a kick to his head, winning the tournament along with the respect of Cheng and his classmates. Cheng, instead of the presenter, awards Dre the trophy, and the Fighting Dragon students bow to Mr. Han in respect, accepting him as their new master.

text: Alternate ending[edit]

text: Li attempts to strike Cheng out of anger for Cheng's failure in the ring, but Han appears and prevents Li from doing so, resulting in a vicious fight with Li. While Li momentarily bests Han, Han pins Li down with a leg to head lock, and angrily reminds him his own rule; no mercy. Before Han attacks his nemesis, Dre appears, and discourages Han from his intentions, the Fighting Dragons students bow to Mr. Han, and the two leave. As a defeated and humiliated Li rises, Sherry and Meiying leave. However, Sherry stops to turn around briefly and punches Li in the jaw, presumably from finding out that he ordered his students to brutally attack her son.

text: Cast[edit]

text:
Jackie Chan as Mr. Han (S: 韩先生, T: 韓先生, P: Hán-xiānsheng)
The maintenance man who teaches Dre kung-fu.
Jaden Smith as Dre Parker (德瑞∙帕克 Déruì Pàkè)
A young boy from Detroit, Michigan who is bullied by another student, and learns to stand up to him in a kung-fu tournament.
Taraji P. Henson as Sherry Parker (雪莉∙帕克 Xuělì Pàkè)
Dre's mother, who is very protective of him.
Wenwen Han (韩雯雯) as Meiying (美莹 Měiyíng)
Dre's crush who quickly befriends him, and eventually becomes his girlfriend.
Zhenwei Wang as Cheng (陆伟程 Lù Wěichéng[5])
The primary antagonist; the school bully and top student of Master Li.
Yu Rongguang as Master Li (李师傅 Lǐ-shīfu)
A kung-fu teacher who instructs his students to be merciless towards their enemies.
Luke Carberry as Harry (哈里 Hālǐ)
A boy who also befriends Dre.
Shijia Lü (吕世佳) as Liang (梁子浩 Liáng Zǐhào)
A friend and classmate of Cheng's who is the least savage of Cheng's group. However, he is instructed by Master Li to cripple Dre during the tournament.
Ji Wang (王 姬) as Mrs. Po (博太太 Bó-tàitai)
The principal of Dre's new school.
Zhensu Wu (武振素) as Meiying's father
Zhiheng Wang (王志恒) as Meiying's mother
Yi Zhao (赵 毅) as Zhuang (秦壮壮 Qín Zhuàngzhuàng)
Cameron Hillman as Mark (马克)
Ghye Samuel Brown as Oz (奥兹)
Bo Zhang (张 博) as Song (宋)

text: Production[edit]

text: Development[edit]

text: On November 10, 2008, Variety reported that work on a Karate Kid remake had begun.[6][7] Variety stated that the new film, to be produced by Will Smith, "has been refashioned as a star vehicle for Jaden Smith" and that it would "borrow elements from the original plot, wherein a bullied youth learns to stand up for himself with the help of an eccentric mentor."[8] On June 22, 2009, Jackie Chan told a Los Angeles Chinatown concert crowd that he was leaving for Beijing to film the remake as Jaden Smith's teacher.[7]

text: Despite maintaining the original title, the 2010 remake does not feature karate, which is from Okinawa, but focuses on the main character learning kung fu in China. Chan told interviewers that film cast members generally referred to the film as The Kung Fu Kid, and he believed the film would only be called The Karate Kid in America, and The Kung Fu Kid in China.[9] This theory held true in the People's Republic of China, where the film is titled The Kung Fu Dream (Chinese: 功夫梦),[10] and in Japan[11] and South Korea,[12] where the film is titled Best Kid (Japanese: ベスト・キッド; Korean: 베스트 키드) after the local title of the 1984 film in both countries.

text: Sony had considered changing the title of the film, but Jerry Weintraub, one of the producers, rejected the idea. Weintraub was also the producer of the original Karate Kid.[13]

text: Filming[edit]

text: The Chinese government granted the filmmakers access to the Forbidden City, the Great Wall of China, and the Wudang Mountains. On some occasions, the filmmakers had to negotiate with residents who were not accustomed to filming activity.[14]

text: Music[edit]

text: Icelandic composer Atli Örvarsson was originally hired to score the film, but he was replaced by American composer James Horner. The Karate Kid marked Horner's return to scoring after his work on the 2009 film Avatar.[15] The score was released on June 15, 2010.[16]

text: The official theme song to the film is "Never Say Never", a song written by Adam Messinger, Justin Bieber, Travis Garland, Omarr Rambert, and others, and produced by The Messengers (Adam Messinger and Nasri Atweh). It is performed by Bieber and Jaden Smith. The music video was released on May 31, 2010.[17]

text: The film started with "Do You Remember" by Jay Sean. "Remember the Name" by Fort Minor was used in the trailer to promote the movie. Parts of the song, "Back in Black" by AC/DC and "Higher Ground" by the Red Hot Chili Peppers, were also used in the movie. The song "Hip Song" by Rain is used for promotion in the Asian countries and it appeared in the trailer. The music video was released on May 22, 2010.[18] "Bang Bang" by K'naan featuring Adam Levine and "Say" by John Mayer are also featured in the movie.[19] It also features Lady Gaga's "Poker Face", Flo Rida's "Low" and Gorillaz' "Dirty Harry" (being performed in Chinese). An abbreviated form of Frédéric Chopin's Nocturne No. 20 is featured, arranged for strings, in Meiying's violin audition scene, along with Sergei Rachmaninoff's piano transcription of "Flight of the Bumblebee" by Rimsky-Korsakov.

text: Release[edit]

text: The film premiered May 26 in Chicago, with appearances by Jackie Chan and Jaden Smith, and a brief surprise appearance from Will Smith.[20]

text: The United Kingdom premiere was held July 15. It was attended by Chan and Smith, as well as producers Will and Jada Pinkett Smith.[21]

text: In the Mainland China version of the film, scenes of bullying were shortened by the censors, and a kissing scene is removed. John Horn said that the editing ultimately resulted in "two slightly different movies".[14]

text: Home media[edit]

text: The Karate Kid was released on DVD and Blu-ray on October 5, 2010 by Sony Pictures Home Entertainment, and it was released on Mastered in 4K Blu-ray on May 14, 2013.

text: Reception[edit]

text: Critical response[edit]

text: The Karate Kid received mixed reviews.[22] Review aggregation website Rotten Tomatoes gives the film a score of 65% based on 205 reviews, and the average rating is 6.2/10. The site's consensus reads: "It may not be as powerful as the 1984 edition, but the 2010 Karate Kid delivers a surprisingly satisfying update on the original."[23] Metacritic, another review aggregator, rated the film 61/100 based on 37 reviews from mainstream critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews".[24]

text: Ann Hornaday described Jaden Smith as a revelation, and that he "proves that he's no mere beneficiary of dynastic largesse. Somber, self-contained and somehow believable as a kid for whom things don't come easily, he never conveys the sense that he's desperate to be liked. 'The Karate Kid' winds up being so likable itself."[25] Roger Ebert of the Chicago Sun-Times gave it a positive review, rating the film three and a half out of four stars, and calling it "a lovely and well-made film that stands on its own feet".[26] Claudia Puig of USA Today and Owen Gleiberman of Entertainment Weekly each rated the film a 'B', stating "the chemistry between Jaden Smith and Jackie Chan grounds the movie, imbuing it with sincerity and poignance" and that the film is "fun and believable".[27][28]

text: Simon Abrams of Slant Magazine gave the film one and a half stars and noted "The characters just aren't old enough to be convincing in their hormone-driven need to prove themselves" and "This age gap is also a huge problem when it comes to the range that these kids bring to the project" and noted the portrayal of the child antagonist Cheng includes an "overblown and overused grimace, which looks like it might have originally belonged to Dolph Lundgren, looks especially silly on a kid that hasn't learned how to shave yet." Finally, Abrams noted "What's most upsetting is Dre's budding romance with Meiying. These kids have yet to hit puberty and already they're swooning for each other."[29]

text: Box office[edit]

text: The film was released on June 11, 2010 by Columbia Pictures to 3,663 theaters across the United States. The Karate Kid topped the box office on its opening day, grossing $18.8 million, and in its opening weekend, grossing $56 million[4] in North America, beating The A-Team, which grossed an estimated $9.6 million on the same opening day, and $26 million in its opening weekend.[30] It closed on September 18, 2010, after 101 days of release, grossing $176.7 million in the US and Canada along with an additional $182 million overseas for a worldwide total of $358 million, on a moderate budget of $40 million.[4]

text: Awards and nominations[edit]

text: People's Choice Awards 2011[31]

text:
Favorite Family Movie (Nominated)
Favorite On-Screen Team – Jaden Smith & Jackie Chan (Nominated)
Favorite Action Star – Jackie Chan (Won)

text: 2011 Kids' Choice Awards[32]

text:
Favorite Movie (Won)
Favorite Buttkicker (Jackie Chan) (Won)
Favorite Movie Actor (Jaden Smith) (Nominated)

text: 2011 MTV Video Music Aid Japan[33]

text: Best Song from a Movie ("Never Say Never" by Justin Bieber featuring Jaden Smith) (Nominated)

text: 2011 MTV Movie Awards[34]

text: Biggest Badass Star (Jaden Smith) (Nominated)

text: 32nd Young Artist Awards[35]

text: Best Leading Young Actor in a Feature Film (Jaden Smith) (Won)

text: 2010 Teen Choice Awards[36]

text: Choice Summer: Movie (Nominated)