document_title: List of Super Bowl halftime shows

question_text: who was the halftime show for last year's superbowl

question_tokens: who was the halftime show for last year 's superbowl

text: List of Super Bowl halftime shows

text: Background[edit]

text: During most of the Super Bowl's first decade, the halftime show featured a college marching band. The show's second decade featured a more varied show, often featuring drill teams and other performance ensembles; the group Up with People produced and starred in four of the performances. The middle of the third decade, in an effort to counter other networks' efforts to counterprogram the game,[7] saw the introduction of popular music acts such as New Kids on the Block, Gloria Estefan, Michael Jackson, Clint Black, Patti LaBelle, and Tony Bennett. Starting with Super Bowl XXXII, commercial sponsors presented the halftime show; within five years, the tradition of having a theme—begun with Super Bowl III—ended, replaced by major music productions by arena rock bands and other high-profile acts. In the six years immediately following an incident at Super Bowl XXXVIII where Justin Timberlake exposed one of Janet Jackson's breasts in an alleged "wardrobe malfunction", all of the halftime shows consisted of a performance by one artist or group, with the musicians in that era primarily being rock artists from the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s. These shows were considered "family friendly" and the time in which they took place has been described as "the age of reactionary halftime shows.[8] Since Super Bowl XLV, the halftime show has returned to featuring popular contemporary musicians, with the typical format featuring a single headline artist collaborating with a small number of guest acts.

text: The NFL does not pay the halftime show performers an appearance fee, though it covers all expenses for the performers and their entourage of band members management, technical crew, security personnel, family, and friends.[9] Super Bowl XXVII halftime show with Michael Jackson provided an exception, as the NFL and Frito-Lay agreed to make a donation and provide commercial time for Jackson's Heal the World Foundation.[10][11][12][11] According to Nielsen SoundScan data, the halftime performers regularly experience significant spikes in weekly album sales and paid digital downloads due to the exposure.[13] For Super Bowl XLIX, it was reported by the Wall Street Journal that league officials asked representatives of potential acts if they would be willing to provide financial compensation to the NFL in exchange for their appearance, in the form of either an up-front fee, or a cut of revenue from concert performances made after the Super Bowl. While these reports were denied by an NFL spokeswoman, the request had, according to the Journal, received a "chilly" response from those involved.[14][15]

text: History[edit]

text: The following is a list of the performers, producers, themes, and sponsors for each Super Bowl game's show.

text:
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I

Date: Jan 15, 1967
Location: Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum (University Park, Los Angeles, California)
Performers: University of Arizona Symphonic Marching Band & Grambling State University Marching Band, Al Hirt, Anaheim High School Drill Team and Flag Girls
Producer: Tommy Walker
Setlist: "The Liberty Bell" (The University of Arizona Symphonic Marching Band)
References:[16][17][18]

II

Date: Jan 14, 1968
Location: Miami Orange Bowl (Miami, Florida)
Performers: Grambling State University Marching Band
References:[16]

III

Date: Jan 12, 1969
Location: Miami Orange Bowl (Miami, Florida)
Theme: America Thanks
Performers: Florida A&M University and Miami area High School Bands
References:[16]

text:
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IV

Date: Jan 11, 1970
Lon: Tulane Stadium (New Orleans, Louisiana)
Theme: Tribute to Mardi Gras
Performers: Marguerite Piazza, Doc Severinsen, Al Hirt, Lionel Hampton Southern University Marching Band
References:[16]
Setlist:

"When the Saints Go Marching In"

V

Date: Jan 17, 1971
Location: Miami Orange Bowl (Miami, Florida)
Performers: Southeast Missouri State Marching Band
References:[16][19]

VI

Date: Jan 16, 1972
Location: Tulane Stadium (New Orleans, Louisiana)
Theme: Salute to Louis Armstrong
Performers: Ella Fitzgerald, Carol Channing, Al Hirt, USAFA Cadet Chorale, & U.S. Marine Corps Drill Team
Producer: Jim Skinner
References:[16][20]
Setlist:

"Mack the Knife" (Ella Fitzgerald and Al Hirt)

VII

Date: Jan 14, 1973
Location: Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum (University Park, Los Angeles, California)
Theme: Happiness Is
Performers: University of Michigan Marching Band & Woody Herman & Andy Williams
Producer: Tommy Walker
References:[16][21][22]
Setlist: (partial)

"Put on a Happy Face" (University of Michigan Marching Band)
"La Virgen de la Macarena" (University of Michigan Marching Band)
"This Land Is Your Land" (University of Michigan Marching Band)
"Marmalade, Molasses & Honey" (Andy Williams)
"People" (Andy Williams)

VIII

Date: Jan 13, 1974
Location: Rice Stadium (Houston, Texas)
Theme: A Musical America
Performers: University of Texas Longhorn Band and Judy Mallett (Miss Texas 1973) on fiddle
Producer: Jim Skinner
References:[16]

IX

Date: Jan 12, 1975
Location: Tulane Stadium (New Orleans, Louisiana)
Theme: Tribute to Duke Ellington
Performers: Mercer Ellington & Grambling State University Marching Bands
Producer: Jim Skinner
References:[16][18]

X

Date: Jan 18, 1976
Location: Miami Orange Bowl (Miami, Florida)
Theme: 200 Years and Just a Baby: A Tribute to America's Bicentennial
Performer: Up with People
References:[16][23]

XI

Date: Jan 9, 1977
Location: Rose Bowl (Pasadena, California)
Theme: It's a Small World
Performers: Los Angeles Unified All-City Band & Audience card stunt
Producer: The Walt Disney Company
References:[16]

XII

Date: Jan 15, 1978
Location: Louisiana Superdome (New Orleans, Louisiana)
Theme: From Paris to Paris of America
Performers: Tyler Apache Belles Drill Team, and Apache Band Pete Fountain & Al Hirt
References:[16]

XIII

Date: Jan 21, 1979
Location: Miami Orange Bowl (Miami, Florida)
Theme: Salute to Caribbean
Performers: Ken Hamilton, various Caribbean bands including Grammacks out of Dominica
Producer: Bob Jani
Sponsor: Carnival
References:[16]

text:
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XIV

Date: Jan 20, 1980
Location: Rose Bowl (Pasadena, California)
Theme: A Salute to the Big Band Era
Performers: Up with People, Grambling State University Marching Bands
References:[16][23]

XV

Date: Jan 25, 1981
Location: Louisiana Superdome (New Orleans, Louisiana)
Theme: Mardi Gras Festival
Performers: Southern University Marching Band, Helen O'Connell
Producer: Jim Skinner
References:[16]

XVI

Date: Jan 24, 1982
Location: Pontiac Silverdome (Pontiac, Michigan)
Theme: Salute to the 1960s and Motown
Performer: Up with People
References:[16][23]

XVII

Date: Jan 30, 1983
Location: Rose Bowl (Pasadena, California)
Theme: KaleidoSUPERscope
Performer: Los Angeles Super Drill Team
Producer: Bob Jani
References:[16]

XVIII

Date: Jan 22, 1984
Location: Tampa Stadium (Tampa, Florida)
Theme: Salute to Superstars of Silver Screen
Performers: University of Florida and Florida State University Marching Bands
Producer: The Walt Disney Company
Setlist:[16]

Introduction by Phyllis George
"Hooray for Hollywood"
"You Oughta Be in Pictures"
"Steppin' Out with My Baby"
"Puttin' on the Ritz"
"42nd Street"
"When You Wish Upon a Star"

XIX

Date: Jan 20, 1985
Location: Stanford Stadium (Stanford, California)
Theme: World of Children's Dreams
Performer: Tops In Blue
Producer: Air Force Entertainment
References:[16]

XX

Date: Jan 26, 1986
Location: Louisiana Superdome (New Orleans, Louisiana)
Theme: Beat of the Future
Performer: Up with People
References:[16][23]

XXI

Date: Jan 25, 1987
Location: Rose Bowl (Pasadena, California)
Theme: Salute to Hollywood's 100th Anniversary - The World of Make Believe
Performers: George Burns, Mickey Rooney, Grambling State University and USC Marching Bands, Disney characters, Southern California-area high school drill teams and dancers
Producer: The Walt Disney Company
References:[16]
Setlist:

"Ghost Riders in the Sky"
Theme songs from Bonanza, Indiana Jones, and Footloose
Hoedown song
"Cheek to Cheek"
"What a Feeling" (Theme from Flashdance)
"That's Entertainment"
"Somewhere Over the Rainbow"
"When You Wish Upon a Star"

XXII

Date: Jan 31, 1988
Location: Jack Murphy Stadium (San Diego, California)
Theme: Something Grand
Performers: Chubby Checker, The Rockettes, 88 grand pianos, and the combined San Diego State University Marching Aztecs and USC Marching Bands
Producer: Radio City Music Hall
References:[16][17]

XXIII

Date: Jan 22, 1989
Location: Joe Robbie Stadium (Miami Gardens, Florida)
Theme: 1950's Rock and Roll (Be Bop Bamboozled in 3-D)
Performers: Elvis Presto, South Florida-area dancers and performers
Producer: MagicCom Entertainment, Dan Witkowski
Sponsor: Diet Coke
Setlist:

Introduction by Bob Costas and 3-D commercial for Diet Coke
"Rock This Town"
audience participation card trick
"Tutti Frutti"
"Do You Love Me"
"Devil with a Blue Dress On"
"Great Balls of Fire"
"Greased Lightnin'"
"True Love"

References:[16][24]

text:
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XXIV

Date: Jan 28, 1990
Location: Louisiana Superdome (New Orleans, Louisiana)
Theme: Salute to New Orleans & 40th Anniversary of Peanuts
Performers: Pete Fountain, Doug Kershaw, Irma Thomas, Nicholls State University Marching Band, Southern University Marching Band, USL Marching Band
Producer: Select Productions
References:
Setlist:

"(Up A) Lazy River"
"Waiting For The Robert E. Lee"
"Here Comes the Showboat"
"When the Saints Go Marching In" (Pete Fountain on clarinet)
"Happy Birthday to You"

XXV

Date: Jan 27, 1991
Location: Tampa Stadium (Tampa, Florida)
Theme: Small World Tribute to 25 Years of the Super Bowl
Performers: New Kids on the Block (NKOTB), Disney characters, Warren Moon, 2,000 local children, audience card stunt
Producer: The Walt Disney Company
Sponsor: Walt Disney World and Coca-Cola
References:[16]
Setlist:

"It's a Small World After All"/ "We Are the World"/ "I'd Like to Teach the World to Sing" (children)
"Step by Step" (NKOTB)
"This One's For The Children" (NKOTB and children)
"It's a Small World After All" (children)

Notes: The airing of this halftime show was delayed until after the conclusion of the game due to ABC News coverage of Operation Desert Storm

XXVI

Date: Jan 26, 1992
Location: Hubert H. Humphrey Metrodome (Minneapolis, Minnesota)
Theme: Winter Magic, salute to 1992 Winter Olympics
Performers: Gloria Estefan, Olympic Figure skaters Brian Boitano and Dorothy Hamill, members of the 1980 US Olympic Hockey Team, and the University of Minnesota Marching Band
Producer: Timberline Productions
References:[16]
Setlist:

"Winter Magic"
"Walking in a Winter Wonderland"
"Dance of the Sugar Plum Fairy"
"Frosty" (University of Minnesota Marching Band)
"One Moment in Time" (featuring Brian Boitano and Dorthy Hamill)
"Don't Stop Me Now" (featuring members of the 1980 US Olympic Hockey Team)
"Live for Loving You" (Gloria Estefan)
"Get on Your Feet" (Gloria Estefan)

Notes: During the halftime, rival network Fox aired a special live episode of In Living Color, one of the first deliberate attempts at counter-programming. The show drew over 22 million viewers away from the Super Bowl telecast.[citation needed] In mid-1992, citing this, Select Productions pitched the concept of exclusively featuring live concert-type performances from top contemporary musical artists.[citation needed] The concept and pitch is attributed to Select Productions' employee Rick Lewis and prompted the change of the 1993 halftime show to showcase Michael Jackson.[citation needed]

XXVII

Main article: Super Bowl XXVII halftime show

Date: Jan 31, 1993
Location: Rose Bowl (Pasadena, California)
Performer: Michael Jackson
Producer: Radio City, Scott Sanders and Don Mischer Productions
References:[16][17]
Setlist:

"Jam" (M. Jackson)
"Billie Jean" (M. Jackson)
"Black or White" (M. Jackson)
"We Are the World" (children's choir)
"Heal the World" (M. Jackson)

Notes: This halftime performance increased the TV ratings by a significant amount. It has been claimed to be one of the most watched events in American television history. After 1993, the NFL made a deliberate effort to attract top performers for the halftime shows.[25]

XXVIII

Date: Jan 30, 1994
Location: Georgia Dome (Atlanta, Georgia)
Theme: Rockin' Country Sunday
Performers: Clint Black, Tanya Tucker, Travis Tritt, The Judds
Producer: Select Productions
References:[16]
Setlist:

"Tuckered Out" (Clint Black)
"It's a Little Too Late" (Tanya Tucker)
"T-R-O-U-B-L-E" (Travis Tritt)
"No One Else on Earth" (Wynonna Judd)
"Love Can Build a Bridge" (The Judds, joined by the other artists and special guests for the final verse)

Notes: Travis Tritt of Atlanta, joined several other artists in history to perform in the halftime show in his own hometown. The special guests for the finale included: Stevie Wonder, Ashley Judd, Lisa Hartman Black, The Georgia Satellites, Joe Namath, Elijah Wood, and Charlie Daniels.

XXIX

Date: Jan 29, 1995
Location: Joe Robbie Stadium (Miami Gardens, Florida)
Theme: Indiana Jones and the Temple of the Forbidden Eye
Performers: Patti Labelle, Indiana Jones & Marion Ravenwood, Teddy Pendergrass, Tony Bennett, Arturo Sandoval, Miami Sound Machine
Producer: The Walt Disney Company
References:[16]
Setlist:

"Release Yourself" (Patti Labelle)
"Caravan" (Tony Bennett, Arturo Sandoval and Miami Sound Machine)
"New Attitude" (Patti Labelle)
"Can You Feel The Love Tonight" (Patti Labelle and Tony Bennett)

XXX

Date: Jan 28, 1996
Location: Sun Devil Stadium (Tempe, Arizona)
Theme: Take Me Higher: A Celebration of 30 Years of the Super Bowl
Performer: Diana Ross
Producer: Radio City Music Hall
Sponsor: Oscar Mayer
References:[16][17]
Setlist: A medley of the following songs:

"Stop In The Name Of Love"
"You Keep Me Hangin' On"
"Baby Love"
"You Can't Hurry Love"
"Why Do Fools Fall in Love"
"Chain Reaction"
"Reach Out and Touch (Somebody's Hand)"
"Ain't No Mountain High Enough"
"I Will Survive"
"Take Me Higher"

XXXI

Date: Jan 26, 1997
Location: Louisiana Superdome (New Orleans, Louisiana)
Theme: Blues Brothers Bash
Performers: The Blues Brothers (Dan Aykroyd, John Goodman and James Belushi), ZZ Top, James Brown, Catherine Crier ("news" intro)
Producer: Select Productions, Radio City, House of Blues
Sponsor: Oscar Mayer
References:[16]
Setlist:

"Everybody Needs Somebody to Love" (The Blues Brothers)
"Soul Man" (The Blues Brothers)
"I Got You (I Feel Good)" (James Brown)
"Get Up (I Feel Like Being a) Sex Machine" (James Brown)
"Tush" (ZZ Top)
"Legs" (ZZ Top)
"Gimme Some Lovin'" (all performers joined together)

XXXII

Date: Jan 25, 1998
Location: Qualcomm Stadium (San Diego, California)
Theme: Salute to Motown's 40th Anniversary
Performers: Boyz II Men, Smokey Robinson, Martha Reeves, The Temptations, Queen Latifah, Grambling State University Marching Band
Producer: Radio City Music Hall
Sponsor: Royal Caribbean International & Celebrity Cruises
References:[16][17][18][26]
Setlist:

"Get Ready" (The Temptations)
"I Can't Help Myself" (The Temptations)
"The Tracks of My Tears" (Smokey Robinson)
"My Girl" (The Temptations with Smokey Robinson)
"Heat Wave" (Martha and the Vandellas)
"Paper" (Queen Latifah)
"Motownphilly" (Boyz II Men)
"A Song for Mama" (Boyz II Men)
"Dancing in the Street" (all artists joined by GSU Marching Band)

XXXIII

Date: Jan 31, 1999
Location: Pro Player Stadium (Miami Gardens, Florida)
Theme: Celebration of Soul, Salsa and Swing
Performers: Gloria Estefan, Stevie Wonder, Big Bad Voodoo Daddy, Savion Glover
Producer: Radio City Music Hall
Sponsor: Progressive Auto Insurance
References:[16]
Setlist:

"Go Daddy O" (Big Bad Voodoo Daddy)
"Sir Duke" (Stevie Wonder)
"You Are The Sunshine Of My Life" (Stevie Wonder)
"I Wish" (Stevie Wonder)
"Oye!" (Gloria Estefan)
"Turn The Beat Around" (Gloria Estefan)
"You'll Be Mine (Party Time)/Another Star/My Cherie Amour" (Gloria Estefan and Stevie Wonder)

text:
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XXXIV

Date: Jan 30, 2000
Location: Georgia Dome (Atlanta, Georgia)
Theme: Tapestry of Nations
Performers: Phil Collins, Christina Aguilera, Enrique Iglesias, Toni Braxton, 80-person choir, Edward James Olmos (narrator)
Producer: Disney
Sponsor: E-Trade
References:[16][27]
Setlist:

"Reflections of Earth" Instrumental (Walt Disney World Millennium Celebration soundtrack)
"Celebrate the Future Hand in Hand" (Christina Aguilera & Enrique Iglesias)
"Tapestry of Nations" Instrumental (Walt Disney World Millennium Celebration soundtrack)
"Two Worlds" (Phil Collins)
"We Go On" (Toni Braxton)

XXXV

Date: Jan 28, 2001
Location: Raymond James Stadium (Tampa, Florida)
Theme: The Kings of Rock and Pop
Performers: Aerosmith, 'N Sync, Britney Spears, Mary J. Blige, Nelly
Producer: MTV
Sponsor: E-Trade
References:[16][17]
Setlist:

Pre-recorded intro sketch with Ben Stiller, Adam Sandler, Chris Rock, Aerosmith, and 'N Sync
"Bye Bye Bye" ('N Sync)
"I Don't Want to Miss a Thing" (Aerosmith)
"It's Gonna Be Me ('N Sync)
"Jaded" (Aerosmith)
"Walk This Way" (Aerosmith, 'N Sync, Britney Spears, Mary J. Blige, Nelly)

XXXVI

Date: Feb 3, 2002
Location: Louisiana Superdome (New Orleans, Louisiana)
Theme: Tribute to those killed in the September 11 attacks
Performer: U2
Producer: Clear Channel Entertainment
Sponsor: E-Trade
References:[16][17]
Setlist:

"Beautiful Day"
"MLK"
"Where the Streets Have No Name"

XXXVII

Date: Jan 26, 2003
Location: Qualcomm Stadium (San Diego, California)
Performers: Shania Twain, No Doubt, Sting
Producer: Jimmy Iovine and Joel Gallen
Sponsor: AT&T Wireless
References:[16]
Setlist:

"Man! I Feel like a Woman!" (Shania Twain)
"Up!" (Shania Twain)
"Just a Girl" (No Doubt)
"Message in a Bottle" (Sting with No Doubt)

XXXVIII

Date: Feb 1, 2004
Location: Reliant Stadium (Houston, Texas)
Theme: Choose or Lose
Performers: Jessica Simpson, the Spirit of Houston from the University of Houston, and the Ocean of Soul of Texas Southern University marching bands, Janet Jackson, P. Diddy, Nelly, Kid Rock and Justin Timberlake
Producer: MTV
Sponsor: AOL TopSpeed
References:[16][17]
Setlist:[28]

'Choose to Party!' Intro (Jessica Simpson)
Marching bands
"All for You" (Janet Jackson)
"Bad Boy for Life" (P. Diddy)
"Diddy" to the tune of "Mickey" (P. Diddy)
"Hot in Herre" (Nelly),
"Mo Money Mo Problems" (P. Diddy)
"Bawitdaba" (Kid Rock),
"Cowboy" (Kid Rock)
"Rhythm Nation" (Janet Jackson)
"Rock Your Body" (Justin Timberlake with Janet Jackson)

Further information: Super Bowl XXXVIII halftime show controversy

XXXIX

Date: Feb 6, 2005
Location: Alltel Stadium (Jacksonville, Florida)
Performer: Paul McCartney
Producer: Don Mischer Productions
Sponsor: Ameriquest Mortgage
References:[16]
Setlist:

"Drive My Car"
"Get Back"
"Live and Let Die"
"Hey Jude"

XL

Date: Feb 5, 2006
Location: Ford Field (Detroit, Michigan)
Performer: The Rolling Stones
Producer: Don Mischer Production
Sponsor: Sprint Nextel
References:[16][17]
Setlist:

"Start Me Up"
"Rough Justice"
"(I Can't Get No) Satisfaction"

XLI

Date: Feb 4, 2007
Location: Dolphin Stadium (Miami Gardens, Florida)
Performers: Prince, Florida A&M University Marching 100 Band
Producer: Don Mischer Productions and White Cherry Entertainment
Sponsor: Pepsi
References:[16][17]
Setlist:

"We Will Rock You" (Intro)
"Let's Go Crazy"
"Baby I'm a Star"
"Proud Mary"
"All Along the Watchtower"
"Best of You"
"Purple Rain"

XLII

Date: Feb 3, 2008
Location: University of Phoenix Stadium (Glendale, Arizona)
Performer: Tom Petty & the Heartbreakers
Producer: Don Mischer Productions and White Cherry Entertainment
Sponsor: Bridgestone
References:[16]
Setlist:

"American Girl"
"I Won't Back Down"
"Free Fallin'"
"Runnin' Down a Dream"

XLIII

Date: Feb 1, 2009
Location: Raymond James Stadium (Tampa, Florida)
Performers: Bruce Springsteen and the E Street Band
Producer: Don Mischer Productions and White Cherry Entertainment
Sponsor: Bridgestone
References:[16]
Setlist:

"Tenth Avenue Freeze-Out"
"Born to Run"
"Working on a Dream"
"Glory Days"

text:
Super Bowl
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XLIV

Date: Feb 7, 2010
Location: Sun Life Stadium (Miami Gardens, Florida)
Performer: The Who
Producer: White Cherry Entertainment
Sponsor: Bridgestone
References:[16]
Setlist:

"Pinball Wizard"
"Baba O'Riley"
"Who Are You"
"See Me, Feel Me"
"Won't Get Fooled Again"

XLV

Date: Feb 6, 2011
Location: Cowboys Stadium (Arlington, Texas)
Performers: The Black Eyed Peas, Usher, Slash, Dallas/Ft. Worth-area area high school drill teams and dancers
Producer: Ricky Kirshner
Sponsor: Bridgestone
References:[16]
Setlist:[29]

"I Gotta Feeling" (The Black Eyed Peas)
"Boom Boom Pow" (The Black Eyed Peas)
"Sweet Child O' Mine" (Slash & Fergie)
"Pump It" (The Black Eyed Peas)
"Let's Get It Started" (The Black Eyed Peas)
"OMG" (Usher & will.i.am)
"Where Is The Love?" (The Black Eyed Peas)
"The Time (Dirty Bit)" with "I Gotta Feeling" reprise (The Black Eyed Peas)

XLVI

Main article: Super Bowl XLVI halftime show

Date: Feb 5, 2012
Location: Lucas Oil Stadium (Indianapolis, Indiana)
Performers: Madonna, LMFAO,[30] Cirque du Soleil,[31] Nicki Minaj,[32] M.I.A.,[33] Cee Lo Green,[30] Andy Lewis,[34] Avon High School Drumline, Center Grove High School Drumline, Fishers High School Drumline, Franklin Central High School Drumline, Southern University Dancing Dolls, 200 Person Choir consisting of Indianapolis locals
Producer: Ricky Kirshner
Sponsor: Bridgestone
Setlist:[30]

"Vogue" (Madonna)
"Music" / "Party Rock Anthem" / "Sexy and I Know It" (Madonna with LMFAO)
"Give Me All Your Luvin'" (Madonna with Nicki Minaj and M.I.A.)
"Open Your Heart" / "Express Yourself" (Madonna with Cee Lo Green)
"Like a Prayer" (Madonna with Cee Lo Green)

XLVII

Main article: Super Bowl XLVII halftime show

Date: Feb 3, 2013
Location: Mercedes-Benz Superdome (New Orleans, Louisiana)
Performers: Beyoncé, Destiny's Child
Producer: Ricky Kirshner[35]
Director: Hamish Hamilton[35]
Sponsor: Pepsi
References:[36]
Setlist:

"Run The World (Girls)" (Intro) / Vince Lombardi "Excellence" speech voiceover
"Love on Top" (chorus a cappella) (Beyoncé)
"Crazy in Love" (Beyoncé)
"End of Time" (Beyoncé)
"Baby Boy" (Beyoncé)
"Bootylicious" (Destiny's Child)
"Independent Women Part I" (Destiny's Child)
"Single Ladies (Put a Ring on It)" (Beyoncé featuring Kelly Rowland and Michelle Williams)
"Halo" (Beyoncé)

XLVIII

Main article: Super Bowl XLVIII halftime show

Date: Feb 2, 2014
Location: MetLife Stadium (East Rutherford, New Jersey)
Performers: Bruno Mars, Red Hot Chili Peppers
Producer: Ricky Kirshner
Director: Hamish Hamilton
Sponsor: Pepsi
References:[37]
Setlist:

"Billionaire" (Intro) (children's choir)
"Locked Out of Heaven" (Bruno Mars)
"Treasure" (Bruno Mars)
"Runaway Baby" (Bruno Mars)
"Give It Away" (Red Hot Chili Peppers with Bruno Mars)
"Just the Way You Are" (Bruno Mars)

XLIX

Main article: Super Bowl XLIX halftime show

Date: Feb 1, 2015
Location: University of Phoenix Stadium (Glendale, Arizona)
Performers: Katy Perry, Lenny Kravitz, Missy Elliott, and Arizona State University Sun Devil Marching Band
Producer: Ricky Kirshner
Director: Hamish Hamilton
Sponsor: Pepsi
References:[38][39][40]
Setlist:

"Roar" (Katy Perry)
"Dark Horse" (Katy Perry)
"I Kissed a Girl" (Lenny Kravitz and Katy Perry)
"Teenage Dream" (Katy Perry)
"California Gurls" (Katy Perry)
"Get Ur Freak On" (Missy Elliott and Katy Perry)
"Work It" (Missy Elliott and Katy Perry)
"Lose Control" (Missy Elliott)
"Firework" (Katy Perry)

50

Main article: Super Bowl 50 halftime show

Date: Feb 7, 2016
Location: Levi's Stadium (Santa Clara, California)
Performers: Coldplay, Beyoncé, Bruno Mars, Mark Ronson, Gustavo Dudamel, University of California Marching Band and Youth Orchestra L.A.
Producer: Ricky Kirshner
Director: Hamish Hamilton
Sponsor: Pepsi
References:[41][42][43][44][45]
Setlist:[46]

"Yellow" (intro a cappella) (Coldplay)
"Viva la Vida" (Coldplay)
"Paradise" (Coldplay)
"Adventure of a Lifetime" (Coldplay)
"Uptown Funk" (Mark Ronson & Bruno Mars)
"Formation" (Beyoncé)
"Crazy In Love"/"Uptown Funk" (Beyoncé, Bruno Mars)
"Clocks" (instrumental) (Coldplay)
"Fix You"/"Up & Up" (Coldplay, Beyoncé and Bruno Mars)

LI

Main article: Super Bowl LI halftime show

Date: Feb 5, 2017
Location: NRG Stadium (Houston, Texas)
Performer: Lady Gaga
Producer: Ricky Kirshner
Director: Hamish Hamilton
Sponsor: Pepsi Zero Sugar
References:[47][48]
Setlist:

"God Bless America"/"This Land Is Your Land"
"Poker Face"
"Born This Way"
"Telephone"
"Just Dance"
"Million Reasons"
"Bad Romance"

LII

Main article: Super Bowl LII halftime show

Date: Feb 4, 2018
Location: U.S. Bank Stadium (Minneapolis, Minnesota)
Performer: Justin Timberlake and the Tennessee Kids, University of Minnesota Marching Band
Producer: Ricky Kirshner
Director: Hamish Hamilton
Sponsor: Pepsi
References: [49][50][51][52][53]
Setlist:

"Filthy"
"Rock Your Body"
"Señorita"
"SexyBack"
"My Love"
"Cry Me a River"
"Suit & Tie" (Featuring the University of Minnesota Marching Band)
"Until the End of Time"
"I Would Die 4 U" (Pre-recorded video of Prince (displayed on a projection screen) with Justin Timberlake)
"Mirrors"
"Can't Stop the Feeling!"

text: Details on specific shows[edit]

text: Super Bowl XXXVI[edit]

text: U2 performed 3 songs: "Beautiful Day," "MLK," and "Where the Streets Have No Name." During the beginning of "MLK" and continuing until the end of "Where The Streets Have No Name," a large banner behind the band displayed the names of all the people who lost their lives on the September 11 attacks. Bono ended the song by opening up his jacket, the inside of which displayed the American flag.

text: Super Bowl XL[edit]

text: For The Rolling Stones, the stage was in the form of the group's iconic tongue logo (John Pasche's "Cunning Linguist" first used in 1971 on their Sticky Fingers album). It was the largest stage ever assembled for a Super Bowl halftime show, with 28 separate pieces assembled in five minutes by a 600-member volunteer stage crew. The group performed three songs: "Start Me Up," "Rough Justice," and "(I Can't Get No) Satisfaction." The show was viewed by 89.9 million people, more than the audiences for the Oscars, Grammys and Emmy Awards combined.[54] In the wake of the Super Bowl XXXVIII halftime show controversy with Janet Jackson and Justin Timberlake, ABC and the NFL imposed a five-second delay and censored lyrics considered too sexually explicit in the first two songs by briefly turning off Mick Jagger's microphone—censoring to which the group had previously agreed.[55] However, the choice of The Rolling Stones sparked controversy in the Detroit community because the band did not represent the traditional Detroit "Motown Sound," and no artists from the area were included.[56]


document_title: Grammy Award records

question_text: who has the most grammys for a female

question_tokens: who has the most grammys for a female

root

text: Grammy Award records

text: Awards[edit]

text: Most Grammys won[edit]

text: The record for the most Grammy Awards won in a lifetime is held by Sir Georg Solti, a Hungarian-British conductor who conducted the Chicago Symphony Orchestra for twenty-two years. He has won a total of 31 competitive Grammy Awards out of 74 nominations and was awarded a Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award in 1996.[1][2]

tag: p

text:
Rank
Artist
Awards

1
Georg Solti
31

2
Quincy Jones
27

Alison Krauss

4
Pierre Boulez
26

5
Vladimir Horowitz
25

Stevie Wonder

7
John Williams
24

8
U2
22

Chick Corea

Beyoncé

11
Jay-Z
21

Kanye West

Vince Gill

14
Henry Mancini
20

Pat Metheny

Bruce Springsteen

Al Schmitt

tag: table

text: Most Grammys won by a male artist[edit]

text: Georg Solti has won a total of 31 Grammy Awards.

text:
Rank
Artist
Awards

1
Georg Solti
31

2
Quincy Jones
27

3
Pierre Boulez
26

4
Vladimir Horowitz
25

Stevie Wonder

6
John Williams
24

7
Chick Corea
22

8
Kanye West
21

Vince Gill

Jay Z

11
Henry Mancini
20

Pat Metheny

Al Schmitt

Bruce Springsteen

15
Tony Bennett
18

Jimmy Sturr

Yo-Yo Ma

Paul McCartney

text: Most Grammys won by a female artist[edit]

text: Alison Krauss has, as a solo artist, collaborator and producer, won 27 Grammy Awards.[3]

text:
Rank
Artist
Awards

1
Alison Krauss[note 1]
27

2
Beyoncé[note 2]
22

3
Aretha Franklin
18

4
Adele
15

Alicia Keys

6
Ella Fitzgerald
13

Leontyne Price

Emmylou Harris

9
CeCe Winans
12

10
Shirley Caesar
11

11
Chaka Khan
10

Bonnie Raitt

Linda Ronstadt

Taylor Swift

15
Mary J. Blige
9

Natalie Cole

Sheryl Crow

Norah Jones

Hillary Scott[note 3]

Rihanna

text: Most Grammys won by a group[edit]

text: U2 holds the record for most Grammy Awards won by a group. They have won 22 awards.

text:
Rank
Artists
Awards

1
U2
22

2
Alison Krauss and Union Station
14

3
Dixie Chicks
13

4
Foo Fighters
12

5
Pat Metheny Group
10

6
The Manhattan Transfer
9

The Beatles

Emerson String Quartet

Asleep At The Wheel

10
Blackwood Brothers
8

Metallica

Santana

Take 6

14
Coldplay
7

Kentucky Thunder

Lady Antebellum

Simon & Garfunkel

Los Tigres del Norte

text: Most Grammys won by a producer[edit]

text: Quincy Jones with 27 awards holds the record for most Grammy Awards won by a producer (and eleven of those were awarded for production duties. Jones also received Grammys as an arranger and a performing artist). Some producers have also won awards as engineers, mixers and/or mastering engineers.

text:
Rank
Producer
Awards

1
Quincy Jones
27

2
Kanye West
21

3
David Foster
16

James Mallinson

David Frost

6
Steven Epstein
15

7
Phil Ramone
14

8
T Bone Burnett
13

Robert Woods

Jay David Saks

11
Arif Mardin
11

text: Most Grammys won by an engineer or mixer[edit]

text: Al Schmitt, with 20 awards, has won more Grammy Awards than any other engineer or mixer.

text: Youngest winners[edit]

text: The Peasall Sisters are the youngest Grammy winners, when they were credited artists on the O Brother, Where Art Thou? soundtrack, which won Album of the Year in 2002.[4] LeAnn Rimes is the youngest individual winner. She was 14 years old when she won her first two awards in 1997. She was also the first Country artist to win the Best New Artist Grammy.

text:
Rank
Age
Artist

1
7 years
Leah Peasall

2
9 years
Hannah Peasall

3
13 years
Sarah Peasall

4
14 years, 182 days
LeAnn Rimes

5
14 years, 313 days
Luis Miguel

6
17 years, 81 days
Lorde

7
18 years, 105 days
Daya

8
18 years, 123 days
Monica

9
19 years, 67 days
Christina Aguilera

10
19 years, 112 days
LaTavia Roberson

text: Youngest artists to win Album of the Year[edit]

text: Taylor Swift is the youngest artist to win Album of the Year. She was 20 years old when she won in 2010 for her album Fearless.

text:
Rank
Age
Artist

1
20 years, 49 days
Taylor Swift

2
21 years, 242 days
Alanis Morissette

3
22 years, 18 days
Barbra Streisand

4
23 years, 274 days
Lauryn Hill

5
23 years, 283 days
Adele

6
23 years, 293 days
Stevie Wonder

7
23 years, 330 days
Norah Jones

text: Oldest winners[edit]

text: Pinetop Perkins is the oldest person to win a Grammy. In 2011 he was awarded Best Traditional Blues Album for Joined At The Hip at 97 years of age.

text:
Rank
Age
Artist

1
97 years, 221 days
Pinetop Perkins

2
95 years, 31 days
George Burns

3
91 years, 137 days
Jimmy Carter

4
90 years, 52 days
Elizabeth Cotten

5
90 years, 26 days
Betty White

text: Note: Sources vary on the birth year of Elizabeth Cotten, with some stating it as 1893, while others say 1895. The above information credits it as 1895. With either year, Cotten is the oldest female Grammy winner.

text: Most honored albums[edit]

text: Santana's Supernatural and U2's How to Dismantle an Atomic Bomb hold the record for most honoured album having won nine awards. Supernatural won nine awards in 2000 and How to Dismantle an Atomic Bomb won three awards in 2005 and won a further six in 2006 giving it a total of nine awards.

text:
Rank
Albums and artists
Awards

1
How to Dismantle an Atomic Bomb — U2
9

Supernatural — Santana

3
Come Away With Me — Norah Jones
8

Genius Loves Company — Ray Charles

Thriller — Michael Jackson

6
All That You Can't Leave Behind — U2
7

Back on the Block — Quincy Jones

24K Magic — Bruno Mars

9
21 — Adele
6

Back To Black — Amy Winehouse

The Blueprint 3 — Jay Z

Bridge Over Troubled Water — Simon & Garfunkel

Raising Sand — Robert Plant & Alison Krauss

The Return of Roger Miller — Roger Miller

Taking the Long Way — Dixie Chicks

To Pimp a Butterfly — Kendrick Lamar

Toto IV — Toto

Unforgettable... with Love — Natalie Cole

Unplugged — Eric Clapton

text: Most Album of the Year wins[edit]

text: The record for most Album of the Year wins is four.

text: Tom Coyne, mastering engineer — 21 (2012), 1989 (2016), 25 (2017), 24K Magic (2018)

tag: ul

text: Three recording artists, four record producers, two mastering engineers and three engineer/mixers have won the award three times.

text:
Frank Sinatra, artist — Come Dance with Me! (1960), September of My Years (1966), A Man and His Music (1967)
Stevie Wonder, artist — Innervisions (1974), Fulfillingness' First Finale (1975), Songs in the Key of Life (1977)
Paul Simon, artist — Bridge over Troubled Water (1971), Still Crazy After All These Years (1976), Graceland (1987)
David Foster, producer — Unforgettable… with Love (1992), The Bodyguard: Original Soundtrack Album (1994), Falling into You (1997)
Phil Ramone, producer — Still Crazy After All These Years (1976), 52nd Street (1980), Genius Loves Company (2005)
Daniel Lanois, producer — The Joshua Tree (1988), Time Out of Mind (1998), How to Dismantle an Atomic Bomb (2006)
Bob Ludwig, mastering engineer — Babel (2013), Random Access Memories (2014), Morning Phase (2015)
Tom Elmhirst, engineer/mixer — 21 (2012), Morning Phase (2015), 25 (2017)
Ryan Tedder, producer — 21 (2012), 1989 (2016), 25 (2017)
Serban Ghenea, engineer/mixer — 1989 (2016), 25 (2017), 24K Magic (2018)
John Hanes, engineer/mixer — 1989 (2016), 25 (2017), 24K Magic (2018)

text: Most Record of the Year wins[edit]

text: Tom Coyne won Record of the Year four consecutive times as a mastering engineer.

text: Most Grammys won for consecutive albums[edit]

text: Pat Metheny and his band the Pat Metheny Group have won 20 Grammy Awards in total, including seven consecutive awards for seven consecutive albums.[5] Metheny held the record for Grammy wins in the most different categories as of the 2005 Grammy Awards:

text:
Best Jazz Fusion Performance (1983, 1984, 1985, 1988, 1990)
Best Instrumental Composition (1991)
Best Contemporary Jazz Performance/Album (1993, 1994, 1996, 1999, 2003, 2005)
Best Jazz Instrumental Performance, Individual or Group (1998, 2000, 2013)
Best Rock Instrumental Performance (1999)
Best Jazz Instrumental Solo (2001)
Best New Age Album (2004, 2012)

text: Most consecutive Grammys won for the same category[edit]

text: Aretha Franklin holds the record for winning the most consecutive Grammys in the same category. She won the Grammy Award for Best Female R&B Vocal Performance every year from 1968 to 1975, for an eight-year winning streak. She also won in this category in 1982, 1986, and 1988, giving her 11 wins in the category.

text: After Franklin, Jimmy Sturr, Bill Cosby and John Williams are tied for second place for consecutive Grammy wins in the same category:

text: Sturr won six years in a row between 1987 and 1992 for Best Polka Album. He also won for three runs of four consecutive years (1996–1999, 2001–2004, and 2006–2009.) He won 18 out of the 24 Best Polka Album Grammys that were awarded since that category was added in 1985. The award was discontinued in 2009.

text: Cosby won six years in a row between 1965 and 1970 for Grammy Award for Best Comedy Album.

text: Williams won six years in a row between 1978 and 1983 for Grammy Award for Best Score Soundtrack for Visual Media.

text: Lenny Kravitz won the Best Male Rock Vocal Performance award four years in a row (1999, 2000, 2001, 2002).

text: Tom Coyne won Record of the Year four years in a row (2015–2018).

text: Artists who have won all four General Field awards[edit]

text: There have been only two artists who have won all four General Field awards. In 1981, Christopher Cross won Record, Album and Song of the Year as well as Best New Artist.[6] Adele is the second artist to win all four, and the first female to do so. In 2009, she won Best New Artist and in 2012 and 2017, she won Record, Album and Song of the Year.

text: Single ceremony[edit]

text: Most Grammys won in one night[edit]

text: The Record for Most Grammys won in one night is eight. Michael Jackson won eight in 1984 and Santana tied Jackson's record in 2000.[7]

text:
Rank
Artist(s)
Awards

1
Michael Jackson (1984)
8

Santana (2000)

3
Roger Miller (1966)
6

Paul Simon (1971)

Quincy Jones (1991)

Eric Clapton (1993)

Beyoncé (2010)

Adele (2012)

Bruno Mars (2018)

text: Most Grammys won by a male artist in one night[edit]

text: Michael Jackson won eight in 1984.

text:
Rank
Artist(s)
Awards

1
Michael Jackson (1984)
8

2
Roger Miller (1966)
6

Paul Simon (1971)

Quincy Jones (1991)

Eric Clapton (1993)

Bruno Mars (2018)

text: Most Grammys won by a female artist in one night[edit]

text: The record most Grammys won by a female artist in one night is six. Beyoncé and Adele each won six in 2010 and 2012, respectively.

text:
Rank
Artist
Awards

1
Beyoncé (2010)
6

Adele (2012)

3
Lauryn Hill (1999)
5

Alicia Keys (2002)

Norah Jones (2003)

Beyoncé (2004)

Amy Winehouse (2008)

Alison Krauss (2009)

Adele (2017)

text: Most Grammys won by a group in one night[edit]

text: In 2000, Santana was awarded a total of 8 awards. They won the awards for Record of the Year, Album of the Year, Best Pop Performance by a Duo or Group With Vocals, Best Pop Collaboration with Vocals, Best Pop Instrumental Performance, Best Rock Performance by a Duo or Group With Vocals, Best Rock Instrumental Performance and Best Rock Album.

text:
Rank
Artists
Awards

1
Santana (2000)
8

2
Simon & Garfunkel (1971)
5

U2 (2006)

Dixie Chicks (2007)

Lady Antebellum (2011)

Foo Fighters (2012)

text: Most Grammys won by a record producer in one night[edit]

text: The record for most awards won by a producer in one night is five. Rick Rubin won five awards in 2007 including Record of the Year, Album of the Year and Best Country Album for the Dixie Chicks, Best Rock Album for the Red Hot Chili Peppers as well as Producer of the Year, Non Classical.

text: Most Grammys won by an engineer or mixer in one night[edit]

text: The most Grammys won by an engineer or mixer in one night is six. At the 59th Annual Grammy Awards in 2017, Tom Elmhirst won Record of the Year, Album of the Year, Best Pop Vocal Album, Best Engineered Album Non Classical, Best Alternative Music Album and Best Rock Album for his work on Adele's '25', David Bowie's 'Blackstar' and Cage The Elephant's 'Tell Me I'm Pretty'.

text: Artist who has won all four General Field Awards at a single ceremony[edit]

text: Christopher Cross (1981) received all four General Field awards in one night. Cross won the Record of the Year ("Sailing"), Album of the Year ("Christopher Cross"), Song of the Year ("Sailing"), and Best New Artist Grammys in a single ceremony.[8]

text: Artists who have won Record, Album and Song of the Year in one night[edit]

text: The three biggest Grammy Awards are Record of the Year, Album of the Year and Song of the Year. Seven artists have won all three in one night. Adele is the only artist in Grammy history to accomplish this twice.

text:
Year
Artist

1971
Paul Simon

1972
Carole King

1981
Christopher Cross

1993
Eric Clapton

2007
Dixie Chicks

2012
Adele

2017

2018
Bruno Mars

text: Most Grammys won by an album in one night[edit]

text: The most awards awarded to an album in one night is nine. In 2000 Santana's Supernatural was awarded nine awards. It won Record of the Year, Album of the Year, Song of the Year, Best Pop Performance by a Duo or Group With Vocals, Best Pop Collaboration with Vocals, Best Pop Instrumental Performance, Best Rock Performance by a Duo or Group With Vocals, Best Rock Instrumental Performance and Best Rock Album.

text: Most posthumous Grammys won in one night[edit]

text: Ray Charles holds the record for most posthumous awards won in one night. He was awarded five Grammy Awards in 2005 including Album of the Year.

text: Nominations[edit]

text: Most Grammy nominations[edit]

text: Quincy Jones holds the record for the most Grammy nominations with 79.[9][10]

text:
Rank
Artist
Nominations

1
Quincy Jones
79

2
Paul McCartney[note 4]
78

3
Georg Solti
74

Stevie Wonder

Jay Z

6
Henry Mancini
72

7
Kanye West
68

8
Pierre Boulez
67

John Williams

10
Chick Corea
64

11
Leonard Bernstein
63

Beyoncé[note 5]

13
Jay David Saks
53

14
Thomas Z. Shepard
50

Bruce Springsteen

16
Willie Nelson
49

James Mallinson

Babyface

text: Most nominations in one night[edit]

text: Michael Jackson holds the record for most Grammy nominations in one night with 12 nominations.

text:
Rank
Artist
Nominations
Year

1
Michael Jackson
12
1984

2
Kendrick Lamar
11
2016

3
Lauryn Hill
10
1999

Kanye West
2005

Beyoncé
2010

Eminem
2011

7
Roger Miller
9
1966

Paul McCartney
1966

The Manhattan Transfer
1986

Jay Z
2014

Beyoncé
2017

text: Most nominations without winning[edit]

text: The record for most Grammy nominations without a win is 24, held by Morten Lindberg.

text:
Rank
Artist
Nominations

1
Morten Lindberg
24

2
Snoop Dogg
17

Brian McKnight

4
Joe Satriani
15

5
Toshiko Akiyoshi
14

Martina McBride

Dierks Bentley

Björk

9
Katy Perry
13

Nas

Spyro Gyra

Musiq Soulchild

13
Diana Ross
12

Alan Parsons

Busta Rhymes

Ledisi

Lenny Gomulka

Fred Hersch

Keith Jarrett

text: Most nominations in one night without winning[edit]

text:
Rank
Artist
Nominations

1
Paul McCartney (1966)
9

2
Kanye West (2017)
8

Rihanna (2017)

Jay-Z (2018)

5
Stevie Wonder (1983)
7

India.Arie (2002)

Kendrick Lamar (2014)

8
Henry Mancini (1959)
6

Thomas Z. Shepard (1970)

Mariah Carey (1996)

50 Cent (2006)

Bruno Mars (2012)

13
Robert M. Jones (1961)
5

Elvis Presley (1961)

Frank Sinatra (1961)

James Taylor (1971)

Eugene Ormandy (1971)

Paul McCartney (1983)

Sting (1986)

Jay David Saks (1986)

Leonard Bernstein (1989)

Joan Osborne (1996)

Avril Lavigne (2003)

50 Cent (2004)

Alicia Keys (2006)

Gwen Stefani (2006)

Prince (2007)

James Blunt (2007)

Jazmine Sullivan (2009)

B.o.B (2011)

Lil Wayne (2012)

Drake (2014, 2016)

Khalid (2018)

No I.D. (2018)

SZA (2018)

text: Grammy nominations in the most fields[edit]

text:
Rank
Artist
Number
Fields

1
Quincy Jones
15
Spoken word, arranging, music video/film, jazz, pop, rap, general field, r&b, children's, musical theatre, disco, composition, gospel/contemporary christian music, music for visual media and production, non-classical

2
Paul McCartney
11
General field, pop, arranging, rock, traditional, music for visual media, music video/film, spoken word, historical, alternative music and rap

3
David Foster
10
R&b, arranging, composition, music for visual media, production, music video/film, pop, traditional, musical theatre and general field

Bob Dylan
Country, general field, gospel/contemporary christian music, rock, music video/film, music for visual media, folk pop, american roots, and traditional

5
Jack White
9
Rock, general field, alternative, country, pop, package, music video/film, american roots and engineered album

Béla Fleck
Country, pop, jazz, american roots, world music, classical, folk, spoken word, composition and arranging

Janet Jackson
General field, pop, r&b, rock, arranging, rap, music video/film, dance and production, non-classical

8
Cyndi Lauper
8
Rock, pop, general field, music video/film, disco, arranging, american roots and musical theatre

Prince
General field, pop, r&b, rock, engineered album, music video/film, music for visual media and production, non-classical

Michael Jackson
General field, pop, r&b, rock, disco, children's, music video/film and production, non-classical

Danger Mouse
General field, pop, r&b, rock, rap, alternative, music video/film and production, non-classical

Herbie Hancock
General field, pop, r&b, rock, jazz, music video/film, music for visual media and composition

Lionel Richie
General field, pop, r&b, music for visual media, dance, arranging, gospel/contemporary christian music and production, non-classical

Justin Timberlake
General field, pop, r&b, country, rap, music for visual media, dance and music video/film

Stevie Wonder
General field, pop, r&b, arranging, composition, music for visual media, music video/film and production, non-classical

Beyoncé
General field, pop, r&b, rock, rap, music for visual media, surround sound and music video/film

Pharrell Williams
General field, pop, r&b, dance, rap, music for visual media, music video/film and production, non-classical

text: Artists who had been nominated for all four General Field awards in one night[edit]

text: Only ten artists have been nominated for all four General Field awards in one night.

text:
Year
Artist

1968
Bobbie Gentry

1980
Christopher Cross

1985
Cyndi Lauper

1989
Tracy Chapman

1991
Mariah Carey

1998
Paula Cole

2002
India.Arie

2008
Amy Winehouse

2013
Fun.

2015
Sam Smith

text: Youngest nominees[edit]

text: Leah Peasall of the Peasall sisters is the youngest ever Grammy nominee (and winner) as one of the credited artists on the O Brother, Where Art Thou? (soundtrack) in 2002.[4] Deleon Richards is the youngest performer to receive an individual nomination, for Best Soul/Gospel performance.[11]

text:
Rank
Age
Artist

1
7 years
Leah Peasall

2
8 years, 161 days
Deleon Richards

3
9 years
Hannah Peasall

4
12 years, 126 days
Zac Hanson

5
12 years, 155 days
Joey Alexander

6
12 years, 199 days
Michael Jackson

7
12 years, 273 days
Billy Gilman

8
13 years
Sarah Peasall

9
14 years, 45 days
Chris "Daddy Mac" Smith

10
14 years, 182 days
LeAnn Rimes

11
14 years, 197 days
Chris "Mac Daddy" Kelly

12
14 years, 313 days
Luis Miguel

13
14 years, 348 days
Taylor Hanson


document_title: List of most-subscribed YouTube channels

question_text: who has the most subscribers in the us

question_tokens: who has the most subscribers in the us

text: Top channels

text: All-time

text: The following table lists the fifty most subscribed channels on YouTube, with each total rounded down to the nearest million subscribers, as well as the network and language of each channel. Channels marked as "Auto-generated by YouTube" (such as Music, Gaming, Sports and Movies) and channels whose content has been transferred (such as JustinBieberVEVO and RihannaVEVO)[note 1] are excluded. As of August 2018, 33 of these channels primarily produce content in English.

text:
Rank

Chg

Channel name

Network

Primarylanguage(s)

Subscribers[2](millions)

Contentcategory[2]

1.

PewDiePie[5]

N/A

English

65

Comedy

2.

T-Series[6]

T-Series

Hindi

57

Music

3.

Justin Bieber[7]

N/A

English

40

Entertainment

4.

Canal KondZilla[8]

ONErpm

Portuguese

37

Music

5.

HolaSoyGerman.[9]

Machinima

Spanish

34

Entertainment

6.

Dude Perfect[10]

Whistle Sports

English

33

Sports

7.

Ed Sheeran[11]

WMG

Music

8.

WWE[12]

WWE

30

Sports

9.

whinderssonnunes[13]

N/A

Portuguese

Comedy

10.

Katy Perry[14]

English

Music

11.

Taylor Swift[15]

12.

elrubiusOMG[16]

TalentWeb

Spanish

Comedy

13.

Rihanna[17]

N/A

English

Entertainment

14.

5-Minute Crafts[18]

Channel Frederator

How-to

15.

EminemMusic[19]

UniversalMC

29

Music

16.

SET India[20]

Sony Pictures

Hindi

Shows

17.

Fernanfloo[21]

BroadbandTV

Spanish

Games

18.

JuegaGerman[22]

Machinima

28

19.

One Direction[23]

N/A

English

27

Music

20.

TheEllenShow[24]

Time Warner

Entertainment

21.

YouTube Spotlight[25]

Google

News

22.

Ariana Grande`[26]

N/A

25

Music

23.

Felipe Neto[27]

Disney Digital Network

Portuguese

24

Entertainment

24.

VanossGaming[28]

JETPAK

English

23

Games

25.

VEGETTA777[29]

TalentWeb

Spanish

26.

Smosh[30]

Defy Media

English

Comedy

27.

Shakira[31]

N/A

Spanish and English

22

People

28.

Spinnin' Records[32]

Spinnin' Records

English

Entertainment

29.

Bruno Mars[33]

WMG

Music

30.

Zee Music Company[34]

Zee Music Company

Hindi

21

31.

Yuya[35]

N/A

Spanish

How-to

32.

Badabun[36]

Entertainment

33.

Trap Nation[37]

The District

English

Music

34.

Markiplier[38]

Disney Digital Network

Games

35.

Luis Fonsi Oficial[39]

N/A

Spanish

Entertainment

36.

nigahiga[40]

English

37.

jacksepticeye[41]

Disney Digital Network

19

Games

38.

DanTDM[42]

StyleHaul

39.

Get Movies[43]

N/A

Russian

Shows

40.

Selena Gomez[44]

English

Films

41.

KSI[45]

StyleHaul

Entertainment

42.

ChuChu TV Nursery Rhymes & Kids Songs[46]

ChuChu TV Studios

Education

43.

Maroon 5[47]

N/A

Music

44.

rezendeevil[48]

Disney Digital Network

Portuguese

18

Games

45.

JennaMarbles[49]

N/A

English

Comedy

46.

WatchMojo.com[50]

WatchMojo

Entertainment

47.

David Guetta[51]

WMG

Music

48.

Logan Paul Vlogs[52]

Studio71

Entertainment

49.

Marshmello[53]

Spinnin' Records

17

Music

50.

Luccas Neto[54]

BroadbandTV

Portuguese

People

As of August 13, 2018

text: By country and territory

text: The following table lists the most subscribed YouTube channel in each country and territory from which at least one channel with at least five million subscribers originates, according to social media statistics compiler DBase.

text:
Country or territory

Channel

Subscribers(millions)

 Argentina

DrossRotzank[55]

14

 Australia

Wengie[56]

12

 Austria

Red Bull[57]

7

 Brazil

Canal KondZilla[58]

37

 Canada

VanossGaming[59]

23

 Chile

HolaSoyGerman.[60]

34

 Colombia

toycantando[61]

7

 El Salvador

Fernanfloo[62]

28

 France

David Guetta[63]

18

 Germany

freekickerz[64]

6

 India

T-Series[65]

57

 Indonesia

Ricis Official[66]

5

 Iraq

الرماس ميوزك[67]

7

 Ireland

jacksepticeye[68]

19

 Japan

キッズライン♡Kids Line[69]

5

 Jordan

toyorbabytv[70]

 Latvia

TrapMusicHDTV[71]

 Mexico

Yuya[72]

21

 Morocco

Saad Lamjarred | سعد لمجرد[73]

5

 Netherlands

Trap City[74]

10

 Norway

Alan Walker[75]

16

 Philippines

ABS-CBN Entertainment[76]

11

 Puerto Rico

Ozuna[77]

17

 Russia

Get Movies[78]

19

 Saudi Arabia

Rotana[79]

8

 South Korea

SMTOWN[80]

15

 Spain

elrubiusOMG[81]

30

 Sweden

PewDiePie[82]

65

 Thailand

Workpoint Official[83]

16

 Turkey

netd müzik[84]

10

 Ukraine

SlivkiShow[85]

11

 United Arab Emirates

Noor Stars[86]

8

 United Kingdom

Ed Sheeran[87]

33

 United States

Dude Perfect[88]

 Uruguay

dosogas[89]

5

 Venezuela

LA DIVAZA[90]

7

 Vietnam

FAP TV[91]

6

As of August 9, 2018

text: Historical progression of most-subscribed channels

text: The following table lists the last 16 channels to become YouTube's most subscribed channel, from May 2006 to present.

text:
Channel name

Network / owner

Country

Date achieved

Days held

Reference

PewDiePie[5]

Felix Kjellberg

 SWE

Dec 22, 2013

1695

[92]

YouTube Spotlight[25]

Google

 USA

Dec 12, 2013

10

[93][94]

PewDiePie[5]

Felix Kjellberg

 SWE

Dec 8, 2013

4

[92]

YouTube Spotlight[25]

Google

 USA

Nov 2, 2013

36

[95]

PewDiePie[5]

Felix Kjellberg

 SWE

Aug 15, 2013

80

[96]

Smosh[30]

Defy Media

 USA

Jan 12, 2013

215

[97][98]

Ray William Johnson[99]

Ray Johnson

Jun 28, 2011

564

[100][101]

nigahiga[40]

Ryan Higa

Aug 20, 2009

677

[102][103]

Fяᴇᴅ[104]

Lucas Cruikshank

Oct 6, 2008

318

[105]

nigahiga[40]

Ryan Higa

Sep 24, 2008

12

[105]

Smosh[30]

Defy Media

Apr 26, 2007

517

[106]

lonelygirl15[107]

Mesh Flinders

Sep 17, 2006

221

[108][109][110]

geriatric1927[111]

Peter Oakley

 GBR

Aug 17, 2006

31

[112]

Brookers[113]

Brooke Brodack

 USA

Jul 3, 2006

45

[114][115]

Judson Laipply[116]

Judson Laipply

Jun 12, 2006

21

[92][117]

Smosh[30]

Defy Media

May 17, 2006

26

[4]

As of December 22, 2013

text: Timeline

text: Timeline of Most Subscribed Channels (May 2006 – August 2018)

text: Reactions

text: In late 2006, when Peter Oakley, also known as Geriatric1927, became most subscribed, a number of TV channels wanted to interview him on his rise to fame.[citation needed] The Daily Mail and TechBlog published an article about him and his success.[citation needed] In 2009, the FRED channel was the first to have over one million subscribers.[118]

text: Following the third time that Smosh became most subscribed, Ray William Johnson collaborated with the duo.[119] A flurry of top YouTubers including Ryan Higa, Shane Dawson, Felix Kjellberg, Michael Buckley, Kassem Gharaibeh, The Fine Brothers, and Johnson himself, congratulated the duo shortly after they surpassed Johnson as the most subscribed channel.[120]


document_title: Mary-Kate and Ashley Olsen

question_text: when did mary kate and ashley start full house

text: Mary-Kate and Ashley Olsen

text: Life and career

text: Childhood and acting career

text: The twins were born in Sherman Oaks, California to David "Dave" Olsen[1] (b. 1953) and Jarnette "Jarnie" (née Jones;[2] b. 1954). Despite being very similar in appearance, they are not identical, but sororal twins.[3] They have an elder brother, Trent, and a younger sister, actress Elizabeth, as well as a half-sister, Courtney Taylor, and a half-brother, Jake.[4] The twins' parents divorced in 1995; Taylor and Jake are from their father's second marriage to McKenzie.[5] The Olsen twins have English and Norwegian ancestry.[6]

text: In 1987, at the age of six months, the twins were cast in the role of Michelle Tanner on the ABC sitcom Full House. They began filming at nine months old. In order to comply with child labor laws that set strict limits on how long a child actor may work, the sisters took turns playing the role. The Olsens continued to portray Michelle throughout the show's run, which concluded in 1995.

text: In 1992, Mary-Kate and Ashley shared the role of Michelle Tanner when they guest-starred on the Full House crossover episode of Hangin' with Mr. Cooper. While starring on Full House, the Olsens also began appearing (as separate characters) in films for video and television. The first such film, To Grandmother's House We Go, debuted in 1992 and featured cameos from several other Full House actors. In 1993, the Olsens established the company Dualstar, which would produce the twins' subsequent films and videos, including that year's Double, Double, Toil and Trouble and 1994's How the West Was Fun. A series of musical mystery videos called The Adventures of Mary-Kate & Ashley premiered in 1994 and continued through 1997.

text: In 1995, following the end of Full House, the Olsens made their feature film debut in It Takes Two, co-starring Steve Guttenberg and Kirstie Alley. In the same year, they introduced a second video series, You're Invited to Mary-Kate & Ashley's..., which continued to release new entries until 2000.

text: The following year, the Olsens appeared in an episode of All My Children.[7] In 1997, they appeared once again as guest stars in an episode of Sister Sister. Also, in 1998, the twins returned to series television with another ABC sitcom, Two of a Kind, co-starring Christopher Sieber as their characters' widowed father. The series lasted only one season but aired in reruns on cable for several years afterward. 1998 also saw the release of Billboard Dad, the first of a new string of direct-to-video films starring the Olsens. The final such film, The Challenge, debuted in 2003.

text: In 2000, the Olsens appeared in an episode of 7th Heaven as bad girls Sue and Carol Murphy.[8] The following year, the sisters starred in two new series: So Little Time, a live-action sitcom on Fox Family (later ABC Family); and Mary-Kate and Ashley in Action!, an animated series airing Saturday mornings on ABC. Both shows were cancelled after one season, although Mary-Kate received a Daytime Emmy Award nomination for her performance on So Little Time.

text: In early 2004, Mary-Kate and Ashley had a cameo voice role in an episode of The Simpsons as the readers of Marge's book-on-tape, The Harpooned Heart.[9] Also in 2004, the twins starred in a second feature film, New York Minute. It would be their last film together, as well as Ashley's last acting role. Mary-Kate has continued to appear in film and television.

text: Mary-Kate and Ashley had a fan club until 2000, "Mary-Kate & Ashley's Fun Club", where fans would pay to receive Mary-Kate and Ashley collectibles and photos. Each subscription included an issue of Our Funzine, Mary-Kate and Ashley's fan club magazine, exclusively available through the club, and a collectibles catalog, where one could purchase T-shirts, posters, baseball caps, key rings, school folders, postcards, and various other items. Subscribers would also receive "surprise gifts" (usually key rings, book excerpts, or back issues of the Funzine), lyric sheets to Mary-Kate and Ashley's songs, a school folder, a membership card, a full-sized poster, two black and white photos (one of each girl), and a color photo with reprint autographs. The club was advertised at the beginning of Mary-Kate and Ashley movies until 1998.[10]

text: Mary-Kate and Ashley were popular figures in the preteen market during the late 1990s and early 2000s. Their names and likenesses extended, not only to movies and videos, but to clothes, shoes, purses, hats, books, CDs and cassette tapes, fragrances and makeup, magazines, video and board games, dolls, posters, calendars, and even telephones and CD players—with a market share made up mostly of the tween demographic. Mattel produced various sets of Mary-Kate and Ashley fashion dolls from 2000 to 2005, along with separate outfits and accessory packs.

text: The sisters became co-presidents of Dualstar on their 18th birthday in 2004. Upon taking control of the company, Mary-Kate and Ashley made moves to secure the future of the company by releasing products that appealed to the teen market, including home decoration and fragrances.[11] The Dualstar brand has been sold in more than 3,000 stores in the United States and over 5,300 stores worldwide.[12] The Olsens have appeared on the Forbes "Celebrity 100" list since 2002; in 2007, Forbes ranked them (collectively) as the eleventh-richest women in entertainment, with an estimated net worth of US $100 million.[13]

text: Fashion career

text: As the sisters have matured, they expressed greater interest in their fashion choices, with The New York Times declaring Mary-Kate a fashion icon for pioneering her signature (and now popular among celebrities and fans alike) "homeless" look.[14] The style, sometimes referred to by fashion journalists as "ashcan" or "bohemian-bourgeois",[15] is similar to the boho-chic style popularized in Britain by Kate Moss and Sienna Miller. The look consists of oversized sunglasses, boots, loose sweaters, and flowing skirts, with an aesthetic of mixing high-end and low-end pieces.[15] The twins were tapped as the faces of upscale fashion line Badgley Mischka in 2006.[16]

text: The Olsens had a clothing line for girls ages 4–14 in Wal-Mart stores across North America, as well as a beauty line called "Mary-Kate and Ashley: Real fashion for real girls". In 2004, they made news by signing a pledge to allow full maternity leave to all the workers that sew their line of clothing in Bangladesh. The National Labor Committee, which organized the pledge, praised the twins for their commitment to worker rights.[17]

text: The Olsens have also launched their own couture fashion label, The Row, named after Savile Row in London.[18] In 2007, they launched Elizabeth & James, a contemporary collection inspired by many of their unique vintage finds and pieces in their personal wardrobes. They have also released a women's clothing line for J.C. Penney, called Olsenboye, and a T-shirt line called "StyleMint".[19] In 2008, the sisters published the book Influence, a compilation of interviews with many of the most prominent people in the field of fashion. In August 2013, the twins launched a new fashion line in Oslo, Norway.[20] The Olsens were first named Womensewear Designer of the Year by the Council of Fashion Designers of America (CFDA) for The Row in 2012. They received the award again in 2015.[21][22] The CFDA also named the Olsens Accessories Designer of the Year in 2014 for their work with The Row.[23]

text: Filmography

text:
Television and Film

Year(s)
Title
Mary-Kate's role
Ashley's role
Notes

1987–1995
Full House

Michelle Tanner (shared role)

191 episodes

1992
Hangin' with Mr. Cooper

Michelle Tanner (shared role)

Episode: "Hangin' With Michelle" (1.02)

1992
To Grandmother's House We Go
Sarah Thompson
Julie Thompson
TV movie

1993
Our First Video
Herself
Herself
Direct-to-video release

1993
Double, Double, Toil and Trouble
Kelly Farmer & Young Aunt Sophia
Lynn Farmer & Young Aunt Agatha
TV movie

1994
How the West Was Fun
Jessica Martin
Suzy Martin
TV movie

1994
The Little Rascals
Twin #2
Twin #1
Cameo role

1994–1997
The Adventures of Mary-Kate & Ashley
Herself
Herself
Video series, 11 videos

1995
It Takes Two
Amanda Lemmon
Alyssa Callaway

1995–2000
You're Invited to Mary-Kate & Ashley's...
Herself
Herself
Video series, 10 videos

1997
Sister, Sister
Herself
Herself
Episode: "Slime Party" (4.21)

1997
Our Music Video
Herself
Herself
Direct-to-video release

1998
Billboard Dad
Tess Tyler
Emily Tyler

1998
All My Children
Herself
Herself
1 episode, October 29, 1998

1998–1999
Two of a Kind
Mary-Kate Burke
Ashley Burke
1 season

1999
Passport to Paris
Melanie "Mel" Porter
Allyson "Ally" Porter

1999
Switching Goals
Sam Stanton
Emma Stanton
TV movie

2000
7th Heaven
Carol Murphy
Sue Murphy
Episode: "Gossip" (5.08)

2000
Our Lips Are Sealed
Maddie Parker
Abby Parker

2001
Mary-Kate & Ashley's Fashion Forward
Herself
Herself
Direct-to-video release

2001
Winning London
Chloe Lawrence
Riley Lawrence

2001–2002
So Little Time
Riley Carlson
Chloe Carlson
1 season

2001
Holiday in the Sun
Madison Stewart
Alex Stewart

2001–2002
Mary-Kate and Ashley in Action!
Misty (voice)
Amber (voice)
Animated series, 1 season

2002
Getting There
Kylie Hunter
Taylor Hunter

2002
When in Rome
Charli Hunter
Leila Hunter

2003
The Challenge
Shane Dalton
Elizabeth "Lizzie" Dalton

2003
Charlie's Angels: Full Throttle

Future Angel (shared role)

Uncredited cameo

2004
The Simpsons
Herself (voice)
Herself (voice)
Episode: "Diatribe of a Mad Housewife" (15.10)

2004
New York Minute
Roxanne "Roxy" Ryan
Jane Ryan
Main roles


document_title: Syncline

question_text: where are the oldest rocks found in a syncline

text: Syncline

text: Characteristics[edit]

text: On a geologic map, synclines are recognized as a sequence of rock layers, with the youngest at the fold's center or hinge and with a reverse sequence of the same rock layers on the opposite side of the hinge. If the fold pattern is circular or elongate, the structure is a basin. Folds typically form during crustal deformation as the result of compression that accompanies orogenic mountain building.

text: Notable examples[edit]

text:
Powder River Basin, Wyoming, US
Sideling Hill roadcut along Interstate 68 in western Maryland, US, where the Rockwell Formation and overlying Purslane Sandstone are exposed.
Saou, a commune in the Drôme department in southeastern France
The Catlins, an area in the southeastern corner of the South Island of New Zealand
Strathmore, Angus Syncline, Scotland

text: Gallery[edit]

text:
Syncline exposed in Sideling Hill roadcut

Snow-dusted syncline in Provo Canyon, Utah

Road cut near Fort Davis, Texas showing a syncline

Rainbow Basin Syncline in the Barstow Formation near Barstow, California

Syncline in the lower parking lot of Calico Ghost Town; the ductile folding is at the base and the brittle is above.

Synclinal fold in Silurian Wills Creek Formation or Bloomsburg Formation at Roundtop Hill (Maryland)

East wall of Bear Valley Strip Mine, near Shamokin, Pennsylvania

Syncline in Navajo Sandstone, Upheaval Dome, Canyonlands National Park, Utah


document_title: First-generation jet fighter

question_text: when were the first jets used in war

question_tokens: when were the first jets used in war

text: First-generation jet fighter

text: World War II era[edit]

text: The initial attempts were straight-winged subsonic planes based heavily on the design concepts that had worked well in piston-powered aircraft. Some of these fighters were tested using piston engines to evaluate the airframes before the jets to power them were available or reliable enough to sustain flight.[2]

text: The pioneering airworthy turbojet aircraft, the He 178, was a German taildragger-geared design that first flew in August 1939. It was used as the basis of the later tricycle landing geared He 280, a design passed over for the Me 262. A similar British design, the Gloster E.28/39 had provisions for some armament, but the guns were not fitted on either prototype.

text: The Bell P-59 Airacomet was the first American jet fighter to be put into service. It was never used in combat, as was mainly useful as an experimental fighter as its performance was inferior to the piston-engined North American P-51 Mustang which could reach higher top speeds and had a much greater range.

text: Japan had some experimental models, such as the Nakajima J9Y Kikka, but none saw operational use.[3]

text: Aircraft that entered service[edit]

text: The plans for the first operational jet fighter, the Messerschmitt Me 262 Schwalbe were drawn up in 1939, and the airplane first flew under jet power in 1942.[4] The Me 262 was not operational until 1944,[4] and its effectiveness was crippled by the deteriorating infrastructure of Nazi Germany; the advanced materials needed for its engines were in short supply. Although the Me 262 is often classified as an early straight-wing design, it actually incorporates some features of a slightly "swept wing" design, as it had a leading edge sweep of only 18.5°, too slight to achieve any significant advantage in increasing the critical Mach number, the speed at which it can fly without encountering control problems due to compressibility.[5] Sweep was added after the initial design of the aircraft for balance reasons, when the engines proved heavier than originally expected, primarily to position the center of lift properly relative to the center of mass. There was originally a 35° sweep, proposed by Adolph Busemann, which was not adopted.[6] Despite its late-war debut into production, the winner of Nazi Germany's Volksjäger light fighter competition, the Heinkel He 162A Spatz. was just about to enter service with the Luftwaffe's JG 1 and even the specialist unit JV 44 at the war's end, but only very isolated engagements with Allied combat aircraft — with JG 1 losing 13 He 162As during April 1945, ten to operational losses not involving combat (the design was still going through its evaluation period) and only a pair of actual losses of He 162As from aerial combat. 320 examples of the He 162A were completed by the war's end, with hundreds more incomplete He 162A airframes in the process of manufacture.

text: World War II ended before jet fighters were common. The United States and the United Kingdom also had jet fighters operational before the end of the war. The British Gloster Meteor twin-engined high speed fighter was used to intercept Germany's V-1 flying bombs missiles over the British Isles and not deployed for combat over Europe until 1945 but still kept away from occupied territory to prevent the technology being picked up by the Germans or Soviets. By 1946 16 RAF squadrons were equipped with Meteors. The American Lockheed P-80 entered service in the closing phases of the war and was deployed to Europe but arrived too late to see any combat.

text: The earliest jet fighters usually did not carry radar — except for the handful of Me 262B-1a/U1 jet night fighters built and deployed in 1944-45 — or other sophisticated avionics and had similar equipment to the piston-engined counterparts used during the war. Machine guns and cannon were the primary armament, though the Me 262 also used air-to-air unguided rockets against Allied bomber formations and could carry unguided bombs, with many follow-on designs in development on paper or in wind tunnels as the war ended (especially in Germany), like the Focke-Wulf Ta 183.

text: The significant operational aircraft in this group include:

text:
Aircraft
Primary
Builder
Number
built
First
flight
Service
life
Length
m
Wingspan
m
Wing area
sq. m
Empty
weight
Max takeoff
weight
Max Speed
km/h
Range
km
Celling
m
Engines
×
Thrust

Me 262
 Nazi Germany
1,430
1942
1944-1951
10.60
12.60
21.70
3,795 kg
7,130 kg
900
1,050
11,450
2 × 8.8 kN

He 162
 Nazi Germany
~320
1944
1945
9.05
7.20
11.16
1,660 kg
2,800 kg
905
975
12,000
1 × 7.85 kN

Gloster Meteor
 United Kingdom
3,947
1943
1944-1980s
13.59
11.32
32.52
4,846 kg
~7,121 kg
965
965
13,100
2 × 15.6 kN

text: Other aircraft were built or developed during the war, did not see combat. Many entered general service in the immediate post-war years. Examples include:

text:
Aircraft
Primary
Builder
Number
built
First
flight
Service
life
Length
m
Wingspan
m
Wing area
sq. m
Empty
weight
Max takeoff
weight
Max Speed
km/h
Range
km
Celling
m
Engines
×
Thrust

Dassault Ouragan
 France
350
1949
1952-1980s
10.73
13.16
23.80
4,142 kg
7,900 kg
940
920
13,000
1 × 22.2 kN

DH.100 Vampire
 United Kingdom
3,268
1943
1945-1979
9.37
11.58
24.34
3,304 kg
5,620 kg
882
1,960
13,045
1 × 14.90 kN

Sea Hawk
 United Kingdom
542
1947
1953-1983
12.09
11.89
25.83
4,208 kg
7,325 kg
965
770
13,564
1 × 23.1 kN

Supermarine Attacker
 United Kingdom
185
1946
1951-1964
11.43
11.25
21.0
3,826 kg
~5,539 kg
950
950
13,716
1 × 22.0 kN

Supermarine Swift
 United Kingdom
197
1948
1952-1970s
12.88
9.85
30.50
6,094 kg
9,381 kg
1,148
1,014
13,960
1 × 31.9 kN/42.0 kN

P-59B
 United States
66
1942
1944-1945
11.84
13.87
35.86
3,704 kg
6,214 kg
665
604
14,080
2 × 8.9 kN

P-80
 United States
1,715
1944
1944-1970s
10.49
11.81
22.07
3,819 kg
7,646 kg
965
1,930
14,000
1 × 24.0 kN

FH Phantom
 United States
62
1945
1947-1954
11.35
12.42
25.60
3,031 kg
5,459 kg
771
1,120
12,525
2 × 7.1 kN

FR-1
 United States
71
1944
1945-1947
12.19
12.19
25.60
3,488 kg
~5,285 kg
444/650
2,610
13,137
1 × 7.1 kN and
1 × 1,350 hp piston

MiG-9 'Fargo'
 Soviet Union
610
1946
1948-?
9.75
10.00
18.20
3,350 kg
~5,000 kg
915
800
13,500
2 × 7.8 kN

Yak-15 'Feather'
 Soviet Union
280
1946
1947-?
8.70
9.20
14.85
1,852 kg
~2,638 kg
786
510+
12,000
1 × 8.8 kN

Yak-17 'Feather'
 Soviet Union
430
1947
1948-1960s
8.70
9.20
14.90
2,890 kg
3,240 kg
748
395
12,750
1 × 8.9 kN

text: Note:

text: The Russian aircraft were based heavily on British engines (including a reverse-engineered Rolls-Royce Nene engine) and German designs, and were developed after the end of World War II.[7] The French Ouragan was also a design of the late 1940s rather than as a wartime effort.

text: Hybrid[edit]

text: Early jet engines had poor acceleration, and the FR Fireball was a mixed-propulsion aircraft with a propeller in front and a jet engine in the back designed for use on an aircraft carrier. The Russian Mikoyan-Gurevich I-250 and Sukhoi Su-5 were similar concepts but used a motorjet instead of a turbojet and were not designed for carrier use.

text: Further experiments after the war with mixed propulsion involving at least one turboprop powerplant included the XF2R Dark Shark and the XF-84H Thunderscreech, one of the loudest aircraft ever flown.[8] The Thunderscreech, however, was a much later design, being a contemporary of the clearly second generation F-104 Starfighter. None of these hybrid-propulsion planes saw combat or major use, though the Fireball was used operationally for two years.

text: Post-World War II[edit]

text: After World War II, some additional aircraft were built using refinements of the ideas used in the first attempts. Some of these included a swept wing and some could break the sound barrier in a dive, but almost all of them lacked the thrust to do so in level flight. Radar was used in dedicated interceptors and night fighters but early models required a dedicated radar operator. These aircraft are mostly associated with the Korean War. Some interceptor designs, such as the F-94 used rockets such as the Mk 4/Mk 40 Folding-Fin Aerial Rocket as their primary weapon instead of guns.

text: Interceptors/Night fighters[edit]

text:
Aircraft
Primary
Builder
Number
built
First
flight
Service
life
Length
m
Wingspan
m
Wing area
sq. m
Empty
weight
Max takeoff
weight
Max Speed
km/h
Range
km
Celling
m
Engines
×
Thrust

Avro CF-100
 Canada
692
1950
1952-1981
16.50
17.40
54.9
10,500 kg
16,329 kg
888
3,200
13,700
2 × 32.5 kN

DH 112 Venom
 United Kingdom
1,431
1949
1952-1983
9.70
12.70
25.9
4,202 kg
~7,000 kg
1,030
1,730
12,000
1 × 21.6 kN

DH Sea Venom
 United Kingdom
419
1951
195?-1970
11.15
13.06
25.9

7,167 kg
927
1,135
12,040
1 × 23.6 kN

Yak-25 'Flashlight'
 Soviet Union
638
1952
1955-1967
15.67
10.94
28.94
5,675 kg
9,450 kg
1,090
2,700
15,200
2 × 23.0 kN

F-86D Sabre
 United States
2,847
1949
195?-1974
12.27
11.31

6,132 kg
9,060 kg
1,115
531+
15,163
1 × 24.1 kN/33.4 kN

F-89 Scorpion
 United States
1,052
1948
1950-1969
16.40
18.20
56.30
11,428 kg
19,161 kg
1,022
2,200
15,000
2 × 24.26 kN/32.11 kN

F-94 Starfire
 United States
885
1949
1950-1960
13.60
12.90
21.63
5,764 kg
10,970 kg
1,030
2,050
15,670
1 × 28.2 kN/38.9 kN

F3D Skyknight
 United States
265
1948
1951-1970
13.84
15.25
37.16
8,237 kg
12,180 kg
909
1,931
11,645
2 × 15.98 kN

text: Note: Thrust: Dry/Afterburner

text: Fighter-bombers[edit]

text:
Aircraft
Primary
Builder
Number
built
First
flight
Service
life
Length
m
Wingspan
m
Wing area
sq. m
Empty
weight
Max takeoff
weight
Max Speed
km/h
Range
km
Celling
m
Engines
×
Thrust

F9F Panther
 United States
1,382
1947
1949-1969
11.30
11.60
23.00
4,220 kg
16,450 kg
925
2,100
13,600
1 × 26.5 kN

F-84 Thunderjet
 United States
7,524
1946
1947-1991
11.60
11.107
24.00
5,200 kg
8,200 kg
1,000
1,600
12,350
1 × 24.7 kN

F-84F Thunderstreak
 United States
3,428
1950
1954-1991
13.23
10.25
30
5,200 kg
12,701 kg
1,119
1,304
14,000
1 × 32.2 kN

Gloster Javelin
 United Kingdom
436
1951
1956-1968
17.15
15.85
86.00
10,886 kg
19,580 kg
1,140
1,530
15,865
2 × 54 kN

MD.452 Mystère
 France
171
1951
1954-1963
11.70
13.10
30.3
5,225 kg
7,475 kg
1,060
885
15,250
1 × 29.4 kN

MD.454 Mystère IV
 France
411
1952
1953-1980s
12.89
11.12
32.06
5,860 kg
9,500 kg
1,110
915
15,000
1 × 34.32 kN

Saab 21R
 Sweden
64
1947
1950-1956
10.45
11.37

3,200 kg
5,000 kg
800
720
12,000
1 × 13.8 kN

text: Note: Thrust: Dry/Afterburner

text: Air superiority fighters[edit]

text: Many of these also had fighter-bomber variants.

text:
Aircraft
Primary
Builder
Number
built
First
flight
Service
life
Length
m
Wingspan
m
Wing area
sq. m
Empty
weight
Max takeoff
weight
Max Speed
km/h
Range
km
Celling
m
Engines
×
Thrust

F-86 Sabre
 United States
9,860
1947
1949-1994
11.40
11.30
29.11
5,046 kg
8,234 kg
1,106
2,454
15,100
1 × 26.3 kN

FJ-1 Fury
 United States
31
1946
1947-1953
10.48
11.63
20.50
8,843 kg
~15,118 kg
880
2,407
9,753
1 × 17.8 kN

FJ-2/3 Fury
 United States
741
1951
1954-1962
11.45
11.31
26.70
5,353 kg
8,523 kg
1,088
1,593
14,300
1 × 26.7 kN

FJ-4 Fury
 United States
374
1954
1954-1960s
11.10
11.90
31.46
6,000 kg
10,750 kg
1,090
3,250
14,300
1 × 34.0 kN

F2H Banshee
 United States
895
1947
1948-1962
14.68
12.73
27.30
5,980 kg
11,437 kg
933
2,760
14,205
2 × 14.5 kN

F3H Demon
 United States
519
1951
1956-1964
17.98
10.76
48.21
10,040 kg
~15,377 kg
1,152
1,899
10,683
1 × 43.25 kN/65.77 kN

F6U Pirate
 United States
33
1946
1946-1950
11.46
10.00
18.9
3,320 kg
5,850 kg
959
1,880
14,100
1 × 14.0 kN/18.78 kN

F-9 Cougar
 United States
1,392
1948
1951-1959
12.85
10.51
31.30
5,382 kg
11,232 kg
1,041
1,690
12,800
1 × 38.0 kN

F7U Cutlass
 United States
320
1951
1956-1964
12.59
12.10
46.10
8,260 kg
14,353 kg
1,122
1,482
12,375
2 × 20 kN/27 kN

DH.100 Vampire
 United Kingdom
3,268
1943
1945-1979
9.37
11.58
24.34
3,304 kg
5,620 kg
882
1,960
13,045
1 × 14.90 kN

DH 112 Venom
 United Kingdom
1,431
1949
1952-1983
9.70
12.70
25.9
4,202 kg
~7,000 kg
1,030
1,730
12,000
1 × 21.6 kN

Sea Vixen
 United Kingdom
145
1951
1959-1972
16.94
15.54
60.20
12,680 kg
18,860 kg
1,110
1,270
14,600
2 × 50.0 kN

Hawker Hunter
 United Kingdom
1,972
1951
1956–Present
14.00
10.26
32.42
6,405 kg
24,600 kg
1,150
3,060
15,240
1 × 45.13 kN

CAC Sabre
 Australia
112
1953
1954-1982
11.43
11.30
28.1
5,443 kg
9,256 kg
1,100
1,850
15,850
1 × 33.4 kN

Canadair Sabre
 Canada
1,815
1950
1950-1980
11.43
11.32

4,816 kg
7,965 kg
1,142
2,044
16,460
1 × 32.36 kN

Saab 29 Tunnan
 Sweden
661
1948
1950-1976
11.00
11.23
24.15
4,845 kg
8,375 kg
1,060
1,100
15,500
1 × 27.0 kN

Saab 32 Lansen
 Sweden
450
1952
1956-1997
14.94
13.00
37.4
7,500 kg
13,500 kg
1,200
2,000
15,000
1 × 47.0 kN/65.3 kN

La-15 'Fantail'
 Soviet Union
235
1948
1949-1953
9.55
8.83

2,575 kg
~3,850 kg
1,007
1,145
13,500
1 × 15.59 kN

MiG-15 'Fagot'
 Soviet Union
18,000
1947
1949–Present
10.08
10.08
20.60
3,630 kg
6,105 kg
1,059
1,240
15,500
1 × 26.5 kN

MiG-17 'Fresco'
 Soviet Union
11,060
1950
1952–Present
11.26
9.63
22.6
3,919 kg
6,069 kg
1,145
2,060
16,600
1 × 22.5 kN/33.8 kN

Yak-23 'Flora'
 Soviet Union
310
1947
1949-1956
8.12
8.73
13.50
1,980 kg

923
1,400
14,800
1 × 15.6 kN

Shenyang J-5
 People's Republic of China
1,820
1956
1956-1992
11.09
9.63
22.60
4,151 kg

1,130
1,424
16,600
1 × 22.5 kN/33.8 kN

text: Cancelled fighters[edit]

text:
Argentina

FMA I.Ae. 27 Pulqui
FMA I.Ae. 33 Pulqui II (largely based on the German Ta 183)

 Canada

Avro Canada CF-103

 France

Aérocentre NC 1080
Sud-Ouest Espadon

 Italy

Aerfer Ariete / Aerfer Leone / Aerfer Sagittario 2
Fiat G.82

 Japan

Nakajima J9Y
Nakajima Ki-201

 Nazi Germany

Focke-Wulf Ta 183 Huckebein
Heinkel He 280
Horten Ho 229
Messerschmitt Me P.1101
Messerschmitt Me P.1106

  Switzerland

FFA N-20

 United Kingdom

Gloster E.1/44
Saunders-Roe SR.A/1

 Soviet Union

Alekseyev I-211 / Alekseyev I-215
Lavochkin La-150
Lavochkin La-168
Sukhoi Su-9 (1946)
Sukhoi Su-15 (1949)
Sukhoi Su-17 (1949)
Yakovlev Yak-7R
Yakovlev Yak-19
Yakovlev Yak-25 (1947) / Yakovlev Yak-30 (1948)
Yakovlev Yak-50 (1949)

text: A notable post-war fighter that was never used operationally was the FMA IAe 33 Pulqui II, a prototype fighter built in Argentina. The Pulqui II was designed by a team which included former German engineers led by Kurt Tank and was based on initial designs for the Focke-Wulf Ta 183, the proposed successor to the Me 262. The Pulqui II itself was a successor to the I.Ae. 27 Pulqui I, a prototype jet fighter developed in Argentina by Emile Dewoitine in the late 1940s and the first of its type to fly in South America.

text: The End of the First Generation[edit]

text: By the 1950s, the next major group of fighter aircraft were planes that used air-to-air missiles as their primary armament and could routinely exceed the speed of sound in level flight. First-generation fighters were limited to engagements in visual range, and the expected performance of new missiles, like the AIM-7 Sparrow, with semi-active radar homing, forced changes in aircraft design.

text: There is not a bright, clearly defined line between first- and second-generation fighters, and some early second-generation fighters, such as the F-8 Crusader, still had guns as their primary armament. Infrared-guided or so-called "heat-seeking" missiles such as the AIM-9 Sidewinder and early beam-riding missiles like the Kaliningrad K-5 were used on late first-generation aircraft.

text: Experimental first-generation jet fighters[edit]

text: Northrop XP-79[edit]

text: The Northrop XP-79 flying wing was an unusual aircraft that only flew once, resulting in the death of the pilot. It was originally designed as a rocket powered aircraft but later used turbojets. The pilot was given a prone flying position.

text: Parasite Fighters[edit]

text: Early jet fighters did not have the range to escort bombers all the way to the target and back, the same problem that had beset the USAAF during the early part of the daylight bombing campaigns of World War II. Having the bomber carry a fighter as well as turrets to defend itself led to some unusual designs, none of which were implemented.

text:
XF-85 Goblin, carried in the bomb bay.
FICON project using the F-84

text: Aircraft still in use[edit]

text: A few of the aircraft from this generation are still in use by the air forces of smaller nations, typically in the ground attack role and not as fighters. A notable mention of this is the Shenyang J-5, a Chinese aircraft developed from the MiG-17, which is used by North Korea in the ground attack role and in other countries as a trainer.