document_title: ER (season 6)

question_text: er episode where carter and lucy get stabbed

text: ER (season 6)

text: Plot[edit]

text: In the first major cast change in ER, the sixth season sees the addition of four new characters including long term cast members Dr. Luka Kovač and nurse, later third-year medical student, Abby Lockhart, also added are Dr. Cleo Finch and Dr. Dave Malucci. Paul McCrane is now billed as a series regular and the return of Deb Chen from season 1, now known as Dr. Jing-Mei Chen. Physician Assistant Jeanie Boulet leaves to care for her HIV-positive child. Lucy Knight and John Carter are attacked and stabbed by a psychotic patient. They are unable to save Lucy who succumbs to her wounds and dies.

text: In addition Croatian doctor Luka Kovač joins the team and struggles to gain the respect and trust from his new colleagues in the ER. Hathaway struggles to begin parenting on her own, then decides to leave Chicago to begin a new life with Doug Ross. Greene and Corday begin their relationship and he deals with the death of his father. Abby Lockhart begins her third-year-med-student rotation. While still recovering from the violent attack that left him near death and killed Lucy, Carter develops an addiction to pain medication, forcing Greene, Weaver along with Benton and the other doctors into an intervention to get Carter to realize that he's an addict. Carter then accepts that he's an addict and checks into a rehab in the season finale with Benton accompanying him.

text: Cast[edit]

text: Main cast[edit]

text:
Anthony Edwards as Dr. Mark Greene - Attending Physician
Noah Wyle as Dr. John Carter - Third Year Resident
Julianna Margulies as Carol Hathaway - Nurse Manager
Gloria Reuben as Jeanie Boulet - Physician Assistant
Laura Innes as Dr. Kerry Weaver - Chief of Emergency Medicine
Alex Kingston as Dr. Elizabeth Corday - Associate Chief of Surgery
Kellie Martin as Lucy Knight - Fourth Year Medical Student
Paul McCrane as  Dr. Robert Romano - Chief of Staff and Chief of Surgery
Goran Visnjic as Dr. Luka Kovač - Attending Physician
Maura Tierney as Abby Lockhart - Third Year Medical Student
Michael Michele as Dr. Cleo Finch - Second Year Pediatric Resident
Erik Palladino as Dr. Dave Malucci - Second Year Resident
Ming-Na as Dr. Jing-Mei Chen - Third Year Resident
Eriq La Salle as Dr. Peter Benton - Surgical Trauma Fellow

text: Supporting cast[edit]

text:
Alan Alda as Dr. Gabriel Lawrence - Attending Physician
Sam Anderson as Dr. Jack Kayson - Chief of Cardiology
Amy Aquino as Dr. Janet Coburn - Chief of Obstetrics and Gynecology
John Aylward as Dr. Donald Anspaugh - Surgical Attending Physician, Hospital Board Member
John Doman as Dr. Carl DeRaad - Chief of Psychiatry
Scott Jaeck as Dr. Steven Flint - Chief of Radiology
David Brisbin as Dr. Alexander Babcock - Anesthesiologist

text:
Ellen Crawford as Nurse Lydia Wright
Conni Marie Brazelton as Nurse Conni Oligario
Deezer D as Nurse Malik McGrath
Laura Cerón as Nurse Chuny Marquez
Yvette Freeman as Nurse Haleh Adams
Lily Mariye as Nurse Lily Jarvik
Gedde Watanabe as Nurse Yosh Takata
Dinah Lenney as Nurse Shirley
Bellina Logan as Nurse Kit
Kyle Richards as Nurse Dori [1]

text:
Erica Gimpel as Social Worker Adele Newman
Kristin Minter as Desk Clerk Miranda "Randi" Fronczak
Troy Evans as Desk Clerk Frank Martin [2]
Andrew Bowen as Desk Clerk Andrew
Pamela Sinha as Desk Clerk Amira
Emily Wagner as Paramedic Doris Pickman
Monté Russell as Paramedic Dwight Zadro
Lyn Alicia Henderson as Paramedic Pamela Olbes
Demetrius Navarro as Paramedic Morales
Brian Lester as Paramedic Brian Dumar
Michelle Bonilla as Paramedic Christine Harms
Cress Williams as Officer Reggie Moore

text:
Khandi Alexander as Jackie Robbins
Lisa Nicole Carson as Carla Reece-Simmons
John Cullum as David Greene [3]
Yvonne Zima as Rachel Greene
Judy Parfitt as Isabelle Corday
Frances Sternhagen as Millicent Carter

text: Guest stars[edit]

text:
Rebecca De Mornay as Elaine Nichols[4]
Emile Hirsch as Chad Kottmeier
David Krumholtz as Paul Sobriki[5]
Liza Weil as Samantha Sobriki[5]
Shia LaBeouf as Darnel Smith
Anton Yelchin as Robbie Edelstein
George Clooney  as Dr. Doug Ross (uncredited) [6]
Randolph Mantooth as Policeman at school[7]
Vincent Kartheiser  as Jesse Keehan[8]
Martha Plimpton as Meg Corwin[9]
Mitch Pileggi as Terry Waters
Gabrielle Union as Tamara Davis

text: Production[edit]

text: Original executive producers John Wells and Michael Crichton reprised their roles. Lydia Woodward also returned as an executive producer but left the crew with the close of the season. Long-time crew member and fifth season executive producer Christopher Chulack moved on to executive produce Wells' new series Third Watch but remained a consulting producer for ER. Fifth season supervising producers Jack Orman and Neal Baer were promoted to co-executive producers for the sixth season. R. Scott Gemmill joined the crew as a supervising producer and writer. Fifth season producers Penny Adams and Wendy Spence Rosato returned for the sixth season. Fifth season co-producers Richard Thorpe and Jonathan Kaplan were promoted to producers for the sixth season. They were joined by new producers Doug Palau and Patrick Harbinson. Palau left the crew mid-season and Adams and Harbinson left at the end of the season. Michael Salmunovich returned as a co-producer and Teresa Salamunovich joined the crew, initially as a production co-ordinator but was promoted to associate producer mid-season. She was joined by new associate producer Vicki Voltarel who was on staff for the second half of the season only.

text: Wells and Woodward continued to write episodes and Wells contributed two episodes while Woodward wrote three. Orman wrote four episodes and Baer, Harbinson, and Gemmill each wrote three. Series medical expert and fifth season story editor Joe Sachs was promoted to executive story editor for the sixth season and he wrote a further two episodes. Regular writer Linda Gase replaced him as story editor and contributed a further episode. New writer Sandy Kroopf wrote a single episode.

text: Producers Kaplan and Thorpe served as the seasons regular directors; Kaplan directed five episodes and Thorpe helmed three.  Cast members Laura Innes and Anthony Edwards each directed a further episode. Returning directors were Lesli Linka Glatter, Félix Enríquez Alcalá, Christopher Misiano, David Nutter, and Steve De Jarnatt. New directors include Ken Kwapis, Marita Grabiak, medical consultant Fred Einesman, Kevin Hooks, and Peter Markle.

text: Episodes[edit]

text:
No. inseries

No. inseason

Title

Directed by

Written by

Original air date

Productioncode

U.S. viewers(millions)
1141"Leave It to Weaver"Jonathan KaplanLydia WoodwardSeptember 30, 1999 (1999-09-30)22545131.53[10]
Greene and Weaver agree to go out on a limb to oppose Romano's appointment as chief of staff. However, soon Greene finds he is out there and alone, while Weaver reaps immediate benefits for her treachery. Plus: Luka Kovač is an able, yet untrusted, physician from Croatia arrives at the ER for his first day of work; Carter's interested in a romance with his cousin's ex-wife; and Hathaway adjusts to being pregnant alone.

NOTE: First Appearances of Dr. Luka Kovač and Dr. Cleo Finch.
1152"Last Rites"Félix Enríquez AlcaláJack OrmanOctober 7, 1999 (1999-10-07)22545228.20[10]
Who's the boss? Weaver may be head of the ER, but Greene has his own ideas about how to handle situations and after his mother's death the two of them have their worst conflict on the job yet. Boulet says "yes" to Reggie, and Corday accepts Romano's surprise job offer. A brash new resident arrives and manages to annoy just about everyone. Carla confronts Benton about not allowing her to leave the country with their son. Carter and Elaine's relationship continues.

NOTE: First Appearance of Dr. Dave Malucci.
1163"Greene with Envy"Peter MarklePatrick HarbinsonOctober 14, 1999 (1999-10-14)22545330.45[10]
Newly appointed attending physician Gabriel Lawrence is savvy, personable and, in Greene's jealous opinion, unsuitable for County. Jeanie and Reggie marry, but not under the circumstances they expected. Romano makes Corday show a rude reporter around the ER, where she witnesses a shootout. Carter tries to be supportive as Elaine undergoes her mastectomy. Greene and Corday spend their first night together.
1174"Sins of the Fathers"Ken KwapisDoug PalauOctober 21, 1999 (1999-10-21)225454N/A
Greene deals with the fallout from his dad's car accident. Lawrence suspects a teen's suicide attempt is the fallout from father-son strife, but he is wrong. Finch misdiagnoses a little girl's behavior before an iron overdose has the staff battling to save the little girl although they are unsuccessful. Hathaway tries to help a pregnant woman get a job at the hospital, and Dr. Dave Malucci is a jerk again. Carter makes plans to meet with Elaine.
1185"Truth & Consequences"Steve De JarnattR. Scott GemmillNovember 4, 1999 (1999-11-04)225455N/A
A high school science experiment/prank gone-wrong lands students and teachers in the ER - and the stress of multiple emergencies pushes Lawrence over the edge. Greene defends a patient from a violent parent and ends up being castigated for it. Lucy helps counsel one of the injured students. Hathaway learns the pregnant woman she wanted to help is using drugs. Elaine tells Carter that she intends to go to Europe for a couple of months asking him not to contact her.
1196"The Peace of Wild Things"Richard ThorpeJohn WellsNovember 11, 1999 (1999-11-11)225456N/A
Boulet resigns to be a full-time mother. An elderly woman bids farewell to her dying husband, and Lawrence admits he is in the early stages of Alzheimer's, and that his distinguished career is over. Hathaway takes action regarding the pregnant drug-addict case. An explosion rocks the ER, and Benton tells Carla why he is fighting to stay in his son's life.

NOTE: Final Regular Appearance of Physician Assistant Jeanie Boulet.
1207"Humpty Dumpty"Jonathan KaplanNeal BaerNovember 18, 1999 (1999-11-18)22545728.77[11]
Lawrence departs (but not before saving a life), and Kovač comes aboard full time after earning Weaver's respect. Corday discovers her new trauma patient is a rapist and takes extreme measures to find his latest victim. Hathaway and the formerly pregnant drug-using woman have a confrontation. Carter angles for more responsibility inside the ER. Greene's father was due to fly into Chicago but shows up hours after his scheduled arrival time. And the Bright Star Gospel Choir is rushed to the ER.
1218"Great Expectations"Christopher MisianoJack OrmanNovember 25, 1999 (1999-11-25)22545830.80[12]
It is Thanksgiving, and Hathaway has two more reasons to give thanks after overcoming complications and delivering twins Tess and Kate. Greene's family celebration comes with its own complications. Malucci stuns the staff by actually having a valid idea to treat a patient that works.

NOTE: First Appearance of Nurse Abby Lockhart.
1229"How the Finch Stole Christmas"Fred EinesmanLinda GaseDecember 16, 1999 (1999-12-16)22545929.10[10]
Lucy risks Romano's wrath (and her career) to arrange a heart operation for a patient. Carter gives gifts to inner city kids in exchange for their guns. Finch uses her authority to put a teen binge drinker into rehab. Benton and Carla's custody battle comes to an abrupt end that works out in his favor. Weaver befriends a group of Santas and works on County's Y2K preparation.
12310"Family Matters"Anthony EdwardsPatrick HarbinsonJanuary 6, 2000 (2000-01-06)22546028.69[13]
Deb Chen returns to the ER as Jing-Mei Chen and immediately shows off her great photographic memory to Carter's annoyance. Kovač's strong sense of family involves him in the fate of brothers facing separation. Greene invites his dad to reside with him in Chicago. Malucci fixes Weaver's car and learns a young patient has a fatal disease. Goofball students arrive in the ER to do a scavenger hunt. Benton does not agree with Cleo's approach to an overstressed young high school athlete.

NOTE: Dr. Jing-Mei "Deb" Chen returns to the show after having been a recurring guest star in Season 1.
12411"The Domino Heart"Lesli Linka GlatterJoe SachsJanuary 13, 2000 (2000-01-13)225461N/A
A precious donor heart becomes available when a patient who recently received it dies, devastating Lucy. Malucci gathers evidence to shut down a backroom clinic. Carter and Chen disagree on when to follow rules and when to break them. Greene learns a man is being abused by his boyfriend.
12512"Abby Road"Richard ThorpeR. Scott GemmillFebruary 3, 2000 (2000-02-03)225462N/A
Abby Lockhart, the part-time OB nurse who cared for Hathaway during "Great Expectations", reports to the ER for her third-year med-student rotation. Hathaway has a hunch that a young patient's health problems come from his mother. Carter and Cleo try to help a sick boy and the unpopular student he fought with. Weaver leaves the ER due to the flu, while Malucci works in spite of it and Benton angles Romano's illness into some help for a young girl who was mauled by a dog.
12613"Be Still My Heart"Laura InnesLydia WoodwardFebruary 10, 2000 (2000-02-10)22546331.33[10]
It's a tense Valentine's Day in the ER with the case including an operation on Romano's dog and a car crash that leaves two children orphaned while a patient, Paul Sobriki (David Krumholtz) complaining of headaches arrives in to be treated and his symptoms has Lucy suspecting that the patient has schizophrenia but her warnings to Carter go ignored which later results in disastrous consequences for the entire ER. The episode then ends in a cliffhanger as both Carter and Lucy lie on the ground, bleeding heavily, Sobriki having attacked and stabbed both of them while suffering a psychotic episode.
12714"All in the Family"Jonathan KaplanJack OrmanFebruary 17, 2000 (2000-02-17)22546439.38[10]
The ER's Valentine Day party continues as Weaver arrives for her shift. Weaver later stumbles into an Exam Room and discovers both Carter and Lucy on the floor of patient Paul Sobriki's room, both doctors unconscious and bleeding heavily after Sobriki attacked and stabbed them while suffering a psychotic episode. The celebrations then abruptly ends as the ER staff jump into action and find themselves battling against the clock and ever-decreasing odds to save their grievously wounded colleagues, both of whom are hovering between life and death. As Carter and Lucy are brought up to surgery, the ER staff attempt to come to terms with what has happened. Luka tries with little success to convince Sobriki's wife, Samantha, that her husband is gravely ill. In the OR, it's chaos as Benton and Anspaugh fight to save Carter while in another operating room, Corday and Romano battle to save Lucy.  Meanwhile Cleo finds herself being forced into a surgical role when it becomes obvious that Benton will not leave Carter. Corday and Romano desperately try to save Lucy's life, but she succumbs to her injuries and dies, leaving the entire ER team grief-stricken and devastated.

NOTE: Final Appearance of Medical Student Lucy Knight.
12815"Be Patient"Ken KwapisSandy KroopfFebruary 24, 2000 (2000-02-24)22546531.31[10]
Carter struggles with rehab and knowledge of Lucy's fate, a child is injured in a hit and run in front of Kovač (and the driver later turns up in the ER), and a teen has cervical cancer after becoming infected with HPV. Even a happy event, a romance between Isabelle and David Greene, turns sad when Greene learns his dad is terminally ill.
12916"Under Control"Christopher MisianoNeal Baer & Joe SachsMarch 23, 2000 (2000-03-23)22546627.19[14]
"We can handle this." This, it turns out, involves a Gila monster, toxic breast milk, a deadly error and much more as Greene oversees a particularly hectic shift. Carter, despite his pain, returns to work. Chen is attracted to a very handsome male nurse.
13017"Viable Options"Marita GrabiakPatrick HarbinsonApril 6, 2000 (2000-04-06)22546727.50[10]
Kovač and Corday must select a recipient while a donor kidney is still viable. Weaver defies Romano on treating a poorly-insured patient and is suspended. Benton's careless penmanship results in a patient taking the wrong drug, and he blames Finch when the patient ends up in the ER and later in the operating room having suffered a heart attack. Chen wants to tell the daughter of a patient about her father's diagnosis of Huntington's Disease but Greene puts the brakes on that. Greene has his own conflict with both his father and Corday over David's desire to check into a hospice care center.
13118"Match Made in Heaven"Jonathan KaplanR. Scott GemmillApril 13, 2000 (2000-04-13)22546826.01[10]
A notice of Lucy's acceptance into psych residency deepens Carter's remorse. Greene cares for his dad. Hathaway has news from Ross. An overwhelmed mother tries to induce a miscarriage before getting abortion help from Abby.
13219"The Fastest Year"Richard ThorpeLydia WoodwardApril 27, 2000 (2000-04-27)22546927.38[10]
Memories. After his father reminisces about his Navy days, Greene takes him on a final boat ride on Lake Michigan. Meanwhile, Carter is haunted by terrifying thoughts of the attack that almost killed him. Kovač helps Hathaway buy a used car, before describing what happened to his family in Vukovar. Abby goes too far when trying to arrange for a bone marrow transplant.
13320"Loose Ends"Kevin HooksNeal BaerMay 4, 2000 (2000-05-04)22547026.65[15]
Malucci treats a little girl who was molested by her father. Hathaway's birthday is anything but happy. Benton and Kovač clash over follow-up care. Carter seems reinvigorated but also ignores the orders of his supervisors. Greene and his dad manage to express their love just before David passes away.
13421"Such Sweet Sorrow"John WellsJohn WellsMay 11, 2000 (2000-05-11)22547132.67[10]
Do open arms still await her in Seattle? Touched by a family tragedy at the ER, Hathaway realizes she must see Ross. Chen notices Carter's increasing unreliability and mood swings. Abby is supervised by Malucci on a case that leads Corday to tell him that no one at County thinks he is any good at his job.

NOTE 1: Final Regular Appearance of Nurse Manager Carol Hathaway.

NOTE 2:  George Clooney makes an unexpected uncredited cameo as Dr. Doug Ross in this episode.
13522"May Day"Jonathan KaplanJack OrmanMay 18, 2000 (2000-05-18)22547234.59[10]
Kovač and Benton rush to the scene of a school shooting, leading to a confrontation over who is the most critical patient: the shooter or one of his victims. The team plan an intervention when Carter's addiction forces them to act. Kovač's sense of right and wrong influences his care for his patients.


document_title: The Holiday

question_text: where does cameron diaz go in the holiday

root

text: The Holiday

text: Plot[edit]

text: Iris Simpkins (Kate Winslet), a society columnist for The Daily Telegraph in London, is still in love with her co-worker Jasper Bloom (Rufus Sewell) for over three years, even though he cheated on her and they have broken up. When she learns that he is engaged to marry another woman, Iris is distraught, and desirous of a life change. Meanwhile, Amanda Woods (Cameron Diaz), a workaholic business executive living in Los Angeles, discovers that her boyfriend Ethan Ebbers (Edward Burns) has been cheating on her with his receptionist. After breaking up with him, she decides to get away for the Christmas holidays and visits a home-exchange website on which Iris has listed her cottage in Surrey, England. Amanda contacts Iris, and the two women agree to swap homes for two weeks.

tag: p

text: While Iris revels in the luxury of Amanda's large Los Angeles home, Amanda is disappointed by the slow, quiet pace of life in Iris's quaint cottage. She grows bored after only a few hours and books a flight home for the following day. Later that night, Iris's brother, Graham (Jude Law), knocks at the door thinking Iris is home. Graham asks Amanda to let him spend the night despite never previously meeting, as he has been drinking at the pub and does not want to drive home. Amanda agrees. After a brief, drunken conversation, they kiss and later end up sleeping together.

text: In the morning, Graham receives phone calls from Sophie and Olivia, which arouse Amanda's suspicions that Graham has multiple girlfriends. Graham, knowing that Amanda is planning to return home imminently, invites her to dinner later that night if she decides to change her mind, which she later does. They spend time together over the days that follow, but Amanda becomes worried that their relationship will be complicated as she is only living in England for two weeks.

text: Meanwhile in America, Iris meets Miles Dumont (Jack Black), Ethan's assistant, and later, an elderly neighbour named Arthur Abbott (Eli Wallach). She learns that he was a screenwriter during the Golden Age of Hollywood. The two become friends. Arthur notes that Iris's relationship with Jasper is not serving her well, and he suggests movies for her to watch that include strong female characters, in hopes that she can acquire what he calls "gumption." Back in England, Amanda chooses not to see Graham again but, alone again in the cottage, she has a change of heart and surprises Graham at his house, where she meets his two young daughters, Sophie and Olivia. He reveals he is a widower.

text: Iris then discovers that the Screenwriters' Guild wants to throw a grand celebration in Arthur's honor, but he is reluctant to attend because he does not expect to know many of the attendees, he cannot walk without the assistance of his walker, and he does not want to embarrass himself on stage. Iris encourages him to go and promises to help him prepare by undertaking an exercise program together, determined to help him walk without his walker. During this time, Jasper contacts her from England, asking her to assist with the book he is writing. She agrees to look over his pages, but does not have the chance to do so after spending so much time with Miles and Arthur.

text: Iris and Miles slowly become close friends and spend more and more time together. Iris returns to Amanda's house and is surprised to find Jasper at her doorstep. Iris is touched at first and the two spend a cosy night in together, only for Iris to discover he is still engaged. She breaks up with him for good, claiming he has never treated her right and has finally got clarity. Meanwhile, Miles breaks up with his cheating girlfriend also, and rushes to attend Arthur's award ceremony with Iris. The event is filled with attendees standing and applauding Arthur's lifetime of achievements. That, and the music that Miles wrote especially for Arthur for this moment, give him the confidence to walk onto the stage unassisted. Miles asks Iris for a date on New Year's Eve, but she reminds him she will be back in England by then. He agrees to travel to the United Kingdom for her.

text: Meanwhile, Graham confesses his love for Amanda on the night before she is scheduled to depart, but Amanda is still doubtful that a long-distance relationship will work. On her way to the airport, she realises she feels the same way and returns to the cottage and reunites with Graham. Amanda tells him that she has decided to stay to spend New Year's Eve with him, and they embrace. Iris and Miles celebrate the new year with Amanda and Graham and his two daughters, enjoying the evening, and laughing and dancing together.

text: Cast[edit]

text: Cameron Diaz as Amanda Woods:

tag: ul

text: Kate Winslet as Iris Simpkins:

text: Jude Law as Graham Simpkins:

text: Jack Black as Miles Dumont:

text: Eli Wallach as Arthur Abbott:

text: Shannyn Sossamon appears as Maggie, Miles' girlfriend and aspiring actress, while Edward Burns plays as Ethan Ebbers, Amanda's boyfriend; Rufus Sewell portrays Jasper Bloom, Iris' on-and-off affair. The film also reunited Sewell and Sossamon as they both starred in A Knight's Tale together, although they do not share a scene. Extended Simpkins family include Miffy Englefield and Emma Pritchard as Sophie and Olivia, Graham's daughters, respectively. The film also cast Bill Macy as Ernie and Shelley Berman as Norman, friends of Arthur, as well as Kathryn Hahn as Bristol and John Krasinski as Ben, Amanda's employees. Jon Prescott appears as Maggie's short-time affair.

text: Dustin Hoffman appears in the video rental store in an uncredited cameo as Jack Black talks about the score from The Graduate. According to Hoffman, this was unscripted and unexpected. He was going to Blockbuster for a movie, saw all the light and came over to see what was going on. He knew director Nancy Meyers, who scripted a short scene with him in it. Lindsay Lohan, who had made her motion picture debut in Meyers' remake of The Parent Trap (1998), and James Franco, a friend of Meyers, make uncredited appearances in the trailer of the fictional movie Deception, which Amanda and her team finish at the beginning of The Holiday.[7]

text: Production[edit]

text: Location[edit]

text: Production on The Holiday began in Los Angeles, then moved to England for a month before completing filming back in California.[16] Principal photography began in the Brentwood area on the Westside of Los Angeles, where real Santa Ana winds reportedly gave Meyers and her team a winter day as warm as scripted in the screenplay.[16] Although Amanda's home is set in Brentwood, the exterior scenes at the gated property were actually filmed in front of Southern California architect Wallace Neff's Mission Revival house in San Marino, a suburb adjacent to Pasadena. Neff had built the house for his family in 1928. The interiors of Amanda's house were filmed at Sony Pictures Studios in Culver City.[16] Other Los Angeles locations included Arthur's house in Brentwood and Miles' house, designed by Richard Neutra, which is situated on Neutra Place in L.A.'s Silver Lake area, near downtown.[16]

text: The UK part of the film was partially shot in Godalming and Shere, a town and village in the county of Surrey in South East England that dates back to the 11th century.[16] Filming began January 4, 2006 and concluded in June 15.

text: Reception[edit]

text: Box office[edit]

text: The film opened at number three on the United States box office, raking in $12,778,913 in the weekend of December 8, 2006.[3] Altogether, The Holiday made $63 million at the North American domestic box office, and $142 million at the international box office.[1] The film grossed a total of $205,135,175, worldwide, against a production budget of $85 million, and an estimated advertising spend of $34 million.[3] The Holiday became the twelfth highest-grossing film of the 2000s to be helmed by a female director.[17]

text: Critical response[edit]

text: The Holiday received mixed reviews from critics. The review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes reported that 47% of critics gave the film a positive rating, based on 135 reviews, with an average score of 5.5/10. Its consensus states "The Holiday, while sweet and somewhat touching, lacks any surprises and eventually overstays its welcome."[18] On Metacritic, which uses a normalized rating system, the film holds a 52/100 rating, based on 31 reviews, indicating "mixed or average reviews".[19]

text: In her review for USA Today, Claudia Puig found that The Holiday "is a rare chick flick/romantic comedy that, despite its overt sentimentality and fairy-tale premise, doesn't feel cloyingly sweet." She felt that "much of the credit goes to inspired casting and the actors' chemistry."[20] Carina Chocano, writing for the Los Angeles Times noted that "like a magic trick in reverse, The Holiday reveals the mechanics of the formula while trying to keep up the illusion. She complimented Winslet and Law's performances, but was critical toward Diaz, who she felt "strikes the off-note, but then you tend to think it's not her fault."[21] Rex Reed from The New York Observer noted that "at least 90 percent of The Holiday is a stocking-stuffer from Tiffany's [...] so loaded with charm that it makes you glow all over and puts a smile in your heart." While he felt that the final 15 minutes of film "diminish a lot of the film's good intentions," he added that Meyers "created some hearth-cozy situations, written some movie-parody zingers, and provided Eli Wallach with his best role in years."[22]

text: Somewhat less enthusiastic, Owen Gleiberman of Entertainment Weekly graded the film with a 'B–' rating, summing it as a "cookie-cutter chick flick." He concluded that "it's a self-consciously old-fashioned premise, with too much sub-Bridget Jones dithering, but Nancy Meyers' dialogue has a perky synthetic sheen."[23] Justin Chang from Variety wrote that while "Meyers' characters tend to be more thoughtful and self-aware (or at least more self-conscious) than most [...] this overlong film isn't nearly as smart as it would like to appear, and it willingly succumbs to the very rom-com cliches it pretends to subvert." He added, that "in a spirited cast [...] the Brits easily outshine their Yank counterparts. Winslet weeps and moans without sacrificing her radiance or aud's sympathy, while the marginally less teary-eyed Law effortlessly piles on the charm in a role that will have some amusing resonances for tabloid readers."[24] Ruthe Stein of the San Francisco Chronicle remarked that the film was "the most love-centric movie since Love Actually." She felt that The Holiday "has charming moments and a hopeful message for despondent singles, but it lacks the emotional resonance of Meyers' Something's Gotta Give and the zaniness of What Women Want. Clocking in at two hours and 16 minutes, Holiday is ridiculously long for a romantic comedy and would benefit from losing at least a half-hour."[25]

text: Since its release, however, The Holiday has been labeled as a modern Christmas classic.[26]

text: Accolades[edit]

text:
List of awards and nominations

Award
Category
Recipients and nominees
Result

ALMA Awards[27]
Outstanding Actress - Motion Picture
Cameron Diaz
Nominated

Irish Film & Television Awards[27]
Best International Actress (People's Choice)
Kate Winslet
Nominated

NRJ Ciné Awards[27]
Meilleur baiser ("Best Kiss")
Cameron Diaz
Jude Law
Nominated

Teen Choice Awards[27]
Choice Movie: Chick Flick
N/A
Won

Choice Movie: Hissy Fit
Cameron Diaz
Nominated

tag: table

text: Soundtrack[edit]

text:
The Holiday

Soundtrack album by Hans Zimmer, Heitor Pereira, various artists

Released
December 5, 2006

Recorded
September 2006

Genre
Film soundtrack

Length
48:12

Label
Varèse Sarabande

Producer
Hans Zimmer, Nancy Meyers, Robert Townson

text: The official soundtrack contains music by various artists, Heitor Pereira and Hans Zimmer, and is released on the Varèse Sarabande label.

text:
"Maestro" by Hans Zimmer - 3:53
"Iris and Jasper" by Hans Zimmer and Lorne Balfe - 3:24
"Kayak for One" by Ryeland Allison - 1:30
"Zero" by Hans Zimmer and Atli Örvarsson - 2:44
"Dream Kitchen" by Hans Zimmer and Henry Jackman - 1:35
"Separate Vacations" by Hans Zimmer, Lorne Balfe and Imogen Heap - 1:47
"Anything Can Happen" by Hans Zimmer and Heitor Pereira - 0:48
"Light My Fire" by Hans Zimmer - 1:14
"Definitely Unexpected" by Hans Zimmer and Lorne Balfe - 3:34
"If I Wanted To Call You" by Hans Zimmer and Atli Örvarsson - 1:50
"Roadside Rhapsody" by Hans Zimmer and Henry Jackman - 1:39
"Busy Guy" by Hans Zimmer and Henry Jackman - 1:28
"For Nancy" by Hans Zimmer, Atli Orvarsson and Lorne Balfe - 1:27
"It's Complicated" by Hans Zimmer and Imogen Heap - 1:00
"Kiss Goodbye" by Heitor Pereira and Herb Alpert - 2:33
"Verso E Prosa" by Heitor Pereira - 1:59
"Meu Passado" by Hans Zimmer, Henry Jackman and Lorne Balfe - 1:25
"The 'Cowch'" by Hans Zimmer, Heitor Pereira, Lorne Balfe and Imogen Heap - 2:42
"Three Musketeers" by Hans Zimmer, Heitor Pereira, Lorne Balfe and Imogen Heap - 2:44
"Christmas Surprise" by Hans Zimmer and Lorne Balfe - 2:32
"Gumption" by Hans Zimmer, Atli Orvarsson and Henry Jackman - 3:45
"Cry" by Hans Zimmer, Lorne Balfe and Heitor Pereira - 2:39
"It's a Shame" by the Spinners
"You Send Me" by Aretha Franklin

tag: ol

text:
In the video rental store, Miles (Jack Black) sings the theme tune of Driving Miss Daisy by "Hans". Hans Zimmer also composed and produced the score for The Holiday. Jack Black later spoofed the movie in Be Kind Rewind.
According to a radio interview on BBC Radio 1, the song "Kill the Director" by The Wombats was written about this film. From the lyrics "this is no Bridget Jones" and according to the radio interview, they hated the film, and hence decided to write a song about it.[citation needed]


document_title: Slate industry

question_text: where does slate come from in the uk

question_tokens: where does slate come from in the uk

text: Slate industry

text: Slate Industry in Spain[edit]

text: 90% of Europe's natural slate used for roofing originates from the slate industry in Spain,[1] with the region of Galicia being the primary source of production.

text: In Galicia, the larger slate production companies are concentrated in Valdeorras in Ourense, with other important sites being situated in Quiroga, Ortigueira and Mondoñedo.

text: The slate deposits in this region of northern Spain are over 500 million years old, having formed during the Palaeozoic period. The colour and texture of the slate produced is largely dependent upon the tectonic environment, the source of the sedimentary material from which the slate is comprised, and the chemical and physical conditions prevalent during the sedimentation process. The region has been subjected to periods of volcanism and magmatic activity, leading to a unique geological development in the region.

text: An important use of Spanish slate is as a roofing material. It is particularly suitable for this purpose as it has a low water absorption index of less than 0.4%, making it very resistant to frost damage and breakage due to freezing. Tiles produced from Spanish slate are usually hung using a unique hook fixing method, which reduces the appearance of weak points on the tile since no holes are drilled, and allows narrower tiles to be used to create roofing features such as valleys and domes. Hook fixing is especially prevalent in areas subject to severe climatic conditions, since there is a greater resistance to wind uplift as the lower edge of the slate is secured.[2]

text: Slate industry in Wales[edit]

text: Background[edit]

text: Slate has been mined in north Wales for several centuries — this was recently confirmed by the discovery in the Menai Strait of the wreck of a 16th-century wooden ship carrying finished slates.

text: Large-scale commercial slate mining in North Wales began with the opening of the Cae Braich y Cafn quarry, later to become the Penrhyn Quarry near Bethesda in the Ogwen Valley in 1782. Welsh output was far ahead of other areas and by 1882, 92% of Britain's production was from Wales (451,000 t): the quarries at Penrhyn and Dinorwic produced half of this between them.

text: The men worked the slate in partnerships of four, six or eight and these were known as "Bargain Gangs". "Bargains" were let by the "Bargain Letter" when a price for a certain area of rock was agreed. Adjustments were made according to the quality of the slate and the proportion of "bad" rock. The first Monday of every month was "Bargain Letting Day" when these agreements were made between men and management. Half the partners worked the quarry face and the others were in the dressing sheds producing the finished slates. In the Glyndyfrdwy mines at Moel Fferna each bargain worked a horizontal stretch of 10 by 15 yards. Duchesses, Marchionesses, Countesses, Viscountesses, Ladies, Small Ladies, Doubles and Randoms were all sizes of slates produced.

text: Rubblers helped to keep the chambers free from waste: one ton of saleable slate could produce up to 30 tons of waste. It is the mountainous heaps of this very same waste that is perhaps the first thing to strike someone visiting the old regions nowadays. The men had to pay for their ropes and chains, for tools and for services such as sharpening and repairing. Subs (advances) were paid every week, everything being settled up on the "Day of the Big Pay". If conditions had not been good, the men could end up owing the management money. At Moel Fferna a team could produce up to 35 tons of finished slate a week. In 1877 they received about 7 shillings a ton for this. After paying wages for the manager, clerks and 'trammers' the company could make a clear profit of twice this amount. This system was not finally abolished until after the Second World War.

text: Working methods[edit]

text: Early workings tended to be in surface pits, but as the work progressed downwards, it became necessary to work underground. This was often accompanied by the driving of one or more adits to gain direct access to a Level. In some rare instances, such as Moel Fferna, there is no trace of surface workings and the workings were entirely underground.

text: Chambers were usually driven from the bottom, by means of a "roofing shaft" which was then continued across the width of the chamber: the chamber would then be worked downwards. Slate was freed from the rockface by blasting in shot holes hammered (and later drilled) into the rock.

text: Slate would be recovered from the chamber in the form of a large slab, which would be taken by truck to the mill where it would be split and cut into standard-sized roofing slates.

text: Slate mines were usually worked in chambers which followed the slate vein, connected via a series of horizontal "Floors" (or "Levels"). The chambers varied in size between mines and were divided by "pillars" or walls which supported the roof. The floors were connected by underground "Inclines" which used wedge-shaped trolleys to move trucks between levels.

text: In some mines, where slate was worked away below the main haulage floor, the route was maintained through the construction of a wooden bridge across the chamber, often supported from chains attached to the roof above. These bridges could be as much as 100 feet/30 m above the floor below.

text: Significant mines[edit]

text: In North Gwynedd, the large slate producing quarries were usually confined to open-cast workings, sometimes with an adit to gain access to the bottom of the pit:

text:
Penrhyn Quarry, Bethesda. The largest slate producing quarry in the world. Bought by Alfred McAlpine plc in 1964.
Dinorwic Quarry, Llanberis.
Cilgwyn quarry, Nantlle Valley. Dating from the 12th century it is thought to be the oldest in Wales.[3]

text: In the Blaenau Ffestiniog area, most of the workings were underground as the slate veins are steeply angled and open cast workings would require the removal of a massive amount of rock to gain access to the slate. The larger mines in the Ffestiniog area include:

text:
Llechwedd quarry – now open to the public as a "tourist mine". Most of the underground workings destroyed by quarrying. Llechwedd Slate Caverns
Manod – used by the National Gallery, London to store artworks in World War II
Maenofferen
Oakeley – now partially untopped as an opencast working by Alfred McAlpine plc
Cwmorthin
Rhosydd
Croesor

text: There were also a number of slate mines in the Llangollen area which produced a much darker "black" slate:

text:
Berwyn
Moel Fferna
Penarth

text: Another cluster of mines were found in mid Wales centered on Corris. These all worked a pair of slate veins that ran across the Cambrian mountain range from Bryn Eglwys in the west through Corris and Aberllefenni in the Dulas Valley to the mines around Dinas Mawddwy in the east.

text: Remains[edit]

text: Most underground slate mines in north Wales were closed by the 1960s although some open-cast quarries have remained open, including the Penrhyn Quarry and the untopping work at Oakeley in Blaenau Ffestiniog. Work also continues at Berwyn near Llangollen. The final large-scale underground working to close was Maenofferen Quarry (which is owned by the Llechwedd tourist mine) in 1999 although opencast quarrying continues at this location.

text: Many of the mines are now in a state of considerable decay and those that are accessible should not be entered as they are on private property and contain many hidden dangers. The lower levels of many mines are now flooded and collapses are commonplace, for example the hillside above the Rhosydd workings has many pits where the roofs of the chambers below have collapsed.

text: Other slate producing areas in Great Britain[edit]

text: The most significant is that of Cornwall and Devon where the Delabole Quarry is thought to be the largest single quarry in the island. Many of these are no longer worked owing to lower costs of extraction in the larger British workings. The quarrying of slate in Cornwall is known to have been carried out from the late mediaeval period and there was a considerable export trade from some of the quarries near the coasts in the 19th century.

text: Slate has also been quarried at Swithland in Leicestershire and there are considerable workings in Cumbria.

text: During the last 500 years, much slate extraction has taken place in the Lake District at both surface quarries and underground mines. The major workings are:

text:
Broughton Moor
Kirkby Moor (Burlington Slate Quarries)
Old Man Complex (Coniston); Cove Quarries (south of Coniston Old Man)
Elterwater Quarries
Hodge Close
Honister Slate Mine (including Yew Crag and Dubs)
Kentmere Workings
Kirkby Moor (Burlington Slate Quarries)
Petts, Kirkstone
Little Langdale Quarries
Skiddaw Slate
Tilberthwaite
Common Wood, Ulpha

text: Slate was also quarried in Scotland.[4]

text: Slate industry in North America[edit]

text: Slate was first quarried in the United States as early as 1734 along the Pennsylvania Maryland border; however, it was not until 1785 that the first commercial slate quarry was opened in the United States, by William Docher in Peach Bottom Township, Pennsylvania. Production was limited to that which could be consumed in local markets until the middle of the nineteenth century. The slate industry in the United States has existed in several locations in the country including areas in the western states, however the majority of slate has come from three principal regions along the Great Valley of the Appalachian Mountains. Of those regions, the Taconic Mountains region of Vermont and New York, as well as Lancaster, Lehigh and Northampton counties in Pennsylvania all still have active quarries.

text: The Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission states that in the Slateford Water Gap area the first verified quarry started some time around 1808 . The industry in this region of Pennsylvania spread across the northern edges of both Lehigh and Northampton counties which contain between them the remains of approximately 400 individual quarries. The origins of quarrying in the Lehigh Valley are obscured by conflicting evidence, although it is safest to say that it started near the town of Slateford in the early Nineteenth Century and moved toward Bangor over a fifty-year period. By 1929, the value of slate production in Pennsylvania was approximately 5 million dollars, accounting for almost half of the 11 million dollar value of slate production for the entire United States.[5] Quarries in this region of the country remained active throughout the first quarter of the 20th century producing roofing slate, slate for electrical uses, as well as being the largest producer of school slates and chalkboards in the country. The Slatington Slate Trade report for January 4 of 1880 showed that quarries in the town of Slatington alone had shipped 81,402 squares of roofing slates (over 8 million square feet) as well as 40,486 cases of school slates and 243 cases of blackboards.

text: The Slate Valley (the district of Granville, New York) is well known for its slate. Slate was quarried in 1839 at Fair Haven, Vermont. An influx of immigrants from the North Wales slate quarrying communities saw a boom in slate production that peaked in the latter half of the 19th century. The slate of the region comes in a variety of colors, notably green, gray, black and red. Some production continued in 2003 with 23 operating full-time mines employing 348 people.[6]

text: Additionally, one of the oldest quarries in America continues to quarry slate in Buckingham County, Virginia. Their trademark Buckingham Slate has been continually quarried since the 18th century and has a distinct, unfading blue/black color and Mica sheen. Buckingham Slate is used on many Federal buildings in the Washington, D.C. area.

text: Large scale slate quarrying also took place around the town of Monson, Maine where an extensive series of quarries flourished from the 1860s onwards. A small scale quarrying and dressing operation continues in Monson into the 21st century.

text: Slate is also found in the Arctic and was used by the Inuit to make the blades for ulus.

text: Slate industry in Brazil[edit]

text: 95% of the slate extraction in Brazil comes from Minas Gerais. Slate from this region is formed differently from traditional slate areas such as Galicia. Such products are sedimentary rocks that have split along their original bedding plane, whereas true slate has been subjected to metamorphism and does not split along bedding, but rather along planes associated with the realignment of minerals during metamorphism. This realignment, known as ‘schistosity’, bears no relationship to the original horizontal bedding planes .[7]

text: The independent Fundación Centro Tecnológico de la Pizarra’s report into the ’Technical properties of Bambui Slate from the State of Minas Gerais (Brazil) to ascertain its compliance with the Standard EN12326’ describes how certain products originating from Brazil on sale in the UK, are not entitled to bear the CE mark. Because such Brazilian products display higher water absorption indexes than those from other areas such as Galicia, this makes them less suitable for use as roofing tiles since the study showed a significant loss of strength when subject to thawing and freezing.[7]


document_title: Mutiny on the Bounty (1962 film)

question_text: where was mutiny on the bounty filmed in 1962

text: Mutiny on the Bounty (1962 film)

text: Plot[edit]

text: In the year 1787, the Bounty sets sail from Britain for Tahiti under the command of captain William Bligh (Trevor Howard). Her mission is to transport breadfruit to Jamaica, where hopefully it will thrive and provide a cheap source of food for the slaves.

text: The voyage gets off to a difficult start with the discovery that some cheese is missing. Bligh, the true pilferer, is accused of the theft by seaman John Mills (Richard Harris), and Bligh has Mills brutally flogged for showing contempt to his superior officer, to the disgust of his patrician second-in-command, 1st Lieutenant Fletcher Christian (Marlon Brando). The tone for the months to come is summarized by Bligh's ominous pronouncement that "cruelty with a purpose is not cruelty, it is efficiency." Aristocrat Christian is deeply offended by his ambitious captain.

text: Bligh attempts to reach Tahiti sooner by attempting the shorter westbound route around Cape Horn, a navigational nightmare. The strategy fails and the Bounty backtracks east, costing the mission much time. Singleminded Bligh attempts to make up the lost time by pushing the crew harder and cutting their rations.

text: When the Bounty reaches her destination, the crew revels in the easygoing life of the tropical paradise — and in the free-love philosophies of the Tahitian women. Christian himself is smitten with Maimiti (Tarita Teriipaia), daughter of the Tahitian king. Bligh's agitation is further fueled by a dormancy period of the breadfruit: more months of delay until the plants can be transplanted. As departure day nears, three men, including seaman Mills, attempt to desert but are caught by Christian and clapped in irons by Bligh.

text: On the voyage to Jamaica, Bligh attempts to bring back twice the number of breadfruit plants to atone for his tardiness, and must reduce the water rations of the crew to water the extra plants. One member of the crew falls from the rigging to his death while attempting to retrieve the drinking ladle. Another assaults Bligh over conditions on the ship and is fatally keelhauled. Mills taunts Christian after each death, trying to egg him on to challenge Bligh. When a crewman becomes gravely ill from drinking seawater, Christian attempts to give him fresh water in violation of the Captain's orders. Bligh strikes Christian when he ignores his second order to stop. In response, Christian strikes Bligh. Bligh informs Christian that he will hang for his action when they reach port. With nothing left to lose, Christian takes command of the ship and sets Bligh and the loyalist members of the crew adrift in the longboat with navigational equipment, telling them to make for a local island. Bligh decides instead to cross much of the Pacific in order to reach British authorities sooner and arrives back in Britain with remarkable speed.

text: The military court exonerates Bligh of misdeed and recommends an expedition to arrest the mutineers and put them on trial, but also comes to the conclusion that the appointment of Bligh as captain of The Bounty was wrong. In the meantime, Christian sails back to Tahiti to pick up supplies and the girlfriends of the crew, then on to remote and wrongly charted Pitcairn Island to hide from the wrath of the Royal Navy. Once on Pitcairn, Christian decides that it is their duty to return to Britain and testify to Bligh's wrongdoing and asks his men to sail with him. To prevent this possibility the men set the ship on fire and Christian is fatally burned while trying to save it. (In real life, Christian made the decision to set the ship on fire and died years later of another cause).

text: Cast[edit]

text:
Marlon Brando as 1st Lt. Fletcher Christian
Trevor Howard as Capt. William Bligh
Richard Harris as Seaman John Mills
Hugh Griffith as Seaman Alexander Smith
Richard Haydn as Horticulturalist William Brown
Tarita Teriipaia as Princess Maimiti
Matahiarii Tama as Chief Hitihiti
Percy Herbert as Seaman Matthew Quintal
Duncan Lamont as John Williams
Gordon Jackson as Seaman Edward Birkett
Chips Rafferty as Seaman Michael Byrne
Noel Purcell as Helmsman William McCoy
Ashley Cowan as Samuel Mack
Eddie Byrne as John Fryer (Sailing Master)
Tim Seely: Edward 'Ned' Young (Midshipman)
Frank Silvera as Minarii
Henry Daniell as British chief court-martial admiral (uncredited)
Torin Thatcher as British officer Staines (uncredited)

text: Development[edit]

text: Following the success of 1935's Mutiny on the Bounty, director Frank Lloyd announced plans in 1940 to make a sequel which focused on Captain Bligh in later life, to star Spencer Tracy or Charles Laughton. No film resulted. In 1945 Casey Wilson wrote a script for Christian of the Bounty, which was to star Clark Gable as Fletcher Christian and focus on Christian's life on Pitcairn Island.[3]

text: In the 1950s MGM remade a number of their earlier successes in colour and widescreen. They decided to film Mutiny on the Bounty. In 1958 it was announced Aaron Rosenberg would produce the film and Marlon Brando was mentioned as a possible star[4] Eric Ambler was signed to write a script. It was intended to combine material from the Nordhoff and Hall novels Mutiny on the Bounty and Pitcairn Island (MGM also owned the rights to a third book, Men Against the Sea, which dealt with Bligh's boat voyage after the mutiny).[3]

text: In 1959 it was announced Paramount would make a rival Bounty film to be written and directed by James Clavell called The Mutineers, which would focus on the fate of the Muntineers on Pitcairn Island.[3] However this project was not made.

text: Brando eventually was signed, with Carol Reed to direct. It was decided to shoot the film in Tahiti itself to take advantage of color and widescreen, being shot in Cinema 65. Robert Surtees would be the cinematographer, The film was to start 15 October 1960 and the film was called "MGM's Ben Hur of 1961."[5]

text: A replica of the Bounty was built in Nova Scotia and was to be sailed to Tahiti.[6]

text: Rosenberg said the film would focus more on the fate of the crew after the mutiny, with Captain Blight only in a minor role and the mutiny dealt with in flashback. "It was Brando's idea," said Rosenberg. "And he was right. It has always been fascinating to wonder what happened to the mutineers afterwards."[6]

text: "The mood after the mutiny must be one of hope," said Reed. "The men hope to live a different sort of life, a life without suffering, without brutality. They hope for a life without sick ambitions, without the pettiness of personal success. They dream of a new life where nobody is trying to outdo the next person."[6]

text: Trevor Howard signed to play Bligh.[7] Brando personally selected a local Tahitian, Tarita, to play his love interest.[8]

text: Charles Lederer was brought on to work on the script.[9]

text: Shooting[edit]

text: Filming began in Tahiti. More than 150 cast and crew arrived, and MGM took over 200 hotel rooms.[8]

text: Filming was extremely difficult, in part because the script was being rewritten and Brando was ad-libbing much of his part. Also costs were high due to the remote location.[10] The replica of the Bounty took nine months to make rather than the scheduled six and arrived after filming had started.[11]

text: Lewis Milestone takes over[edit]

text: In January 1961, after three months of filming, Reed flew back from location with, reportedly, an "undisclosed ailment".[12] In actual fact he had quit over differences in the direction of the story.[11] He was replaced by Lewis Milestone, who later estimated only five minutes of the final film was Reed's.[9]

text: "Reed was used to making his own pictures," said Milestone. "He was not used to producer, studio and star interference. But those of us who have been around Hollywood are like alley cats. We know this style. We know how to survive."[9]

text: Filming continued to be difficult with production plagued by bad weather and script problems. Richard Harris clashed with Brando.[11]

text: "Marlon did not have approval of the story," said Milestone. "But he did have approval of himself. If Brando did not like something he would just stand in front of the camera and not act. He thought only of himself. At the same time, he was right in many things that he wanted. He is too cerebral to play the part of Mr Christian the way Clark Gable played it."[9]

text: Milestone says the script was constantly being rewritten with input from Rosenberg, Sol Siegel and Joseph Vogel, plus Brando.

text: The film ended up costing $10 million more than originally expected.[9]

text: "I have been in this business a few days but I never say anything like this," said Milestone. "It was like being in a hurricane on a rudderless ship without a captain. I thought when I took the job that it would be a nice trip. By the time it was finished I felt as though I had been shanghaied."[9]

text: "The big trouble was lack of guts by management at Metro," said Milestone. "Lack of vision. When they realised there was so much trouble with the script they should have stopped the whole damn production. If they did not like Marlon's behaviour they should have told him that they must do as they wished or else they should have taken him out of the picture. But they just did not have the guts."[9]

text: Reception[edit]

text: The film garnered largely negative reviews and was considered by some critics to be inferior to the classic 1935 version. Many attacked Brando's performance, particularly his change of appearance and mannerisms, including the British accent. He was blamed for derailing the entire picture.

text: Over time the film has come to be viewed more positively; review aggregation website Rotten Tomatoes gives it a rating of 71% based on 17 reviews, with an average score of 6.5/10.[13]

text: Box office[edit]

text: Given its enormously inflated budget of $19 million, the film was a box office flop,[14] despite being the 6th highest-grossing film of 1962. It grossed only $13,680,000 domestically,[1] earning $9.8 million in US theatrical rentals.[15] (It needed to make $30 million to recoup its budget.[10]

text: Awards[edit]

text: The 1962 movie did not win any Oscars but was nominated for seven:[16]

text:
Academy Award for Best Picture – Aaron Rosenberg
Academy Award for Best Art Direction – Set Decoration, Color – George W. Davis, Henry Grace, Hugh Hunt and J. McMillan Johnson
Best Cinematography, Color – Robert Surtees
Best Effects, Special Effects – A. Arnold Gillespie (visual) and Milo B. Lory (audible)
Best Film Editing – John McSweeney Jr.
Best Music, Score – Substantially Original – Bronislaw Kaper
Best Music, Song – Bronisław Kaper (music) and Paul Francis Webster (lyrics) – for the song "Love Song from Mutiny on the Bounty (Follow Me)"

text: Honors[edit]

text: The film is recognized by American Film Institute in these lists:

text: 2005: AFI's 100 Years of Film Scores – Nominated[17]

text: Comic book adaption[edit]

text: Gold Key: Mutiny on the Bounty (February 1963)[18][19]


document_title: Mahabharat (1988 TV series)

question_text: who played the role of kunti in mahabharat

question_tokens: who played the role of kunti in mahabharat

text: Mahabharat (1988 TV series)

text: Cast[edit]

text: Kuru Clan[edit]

text:
Raj Babbar as Bharat/ ancestor of Kauravas and Pandavas
Ashalata as Shakuntala, Bharata's mother/ King Dushyanta's wife

text:
Rishabh Shukla as Shantanu, descendant of Bharata
Kiran Juneja as Ganga, Shantanu's first wife/ Bhisma's mother, and the holy river of Hindus.
Debashree Roy as Satyavati, Shantanu's second wife/ Vichitravirya and Chitrangada's mother/ Bhisma's step-mother

text:
Mukesh Khanna as Bhishma, Shantanu- Ganga's eighth son/ eighth Vasu/ Satyavati's step-son
Sudesh Berry as Vichitravirya, Shantanu-Satyavati's second son after Chitrangada, Bhisma's step brother
Meena Chakrabarty as Ambika, 2nd princess of Kashi/ Vichitravirya's first queen
Menaka Babbar as Ambalika, 3rd princess of Kashi/ Vichitravirya's second queen

text:
Girija Shankar as Dhritrashtra, Vichitravirya's son from Ambika(eldest)/ later king of Hastinapur/ father of Kauravas
Renuka Israni as Gandhari, wife of Dhritrashtra/ Queen of Hastinapur/ mother of Kauravas/ princess of Gandhara
Tarakesh Chauhan as Pandu, Vichitravirya's son from Ambalika(youngest)/ King of Hastinapur/ father of Pandavas
Nazneen as Kunti, Pandu's first wife/ mother of Yudhisthira, Bhim and Arjun/ Daughter of Shoorsen hence Vasudev's sister andYadava princess
Roma Manik as Madri, Pandu's second wife/ Madra princess/ mother of Nakul and Sahadev
Virendra Razdan as Vidur,  the Mahaa Mantri of Hastinapur / son of Ambika's head maid, Parishrami/ half-brother to the kings Dhritarashtra and Pandu of Hastinapura and also the uncle of Pandavas and Kauravas
Kamlesh Maan as Sulabha, Vidur's  wife

text:
Pankaj Dheer as Karna / Adhiratha-Radha's foster son, King of Anga Desh
Gajendra Chouhan as Yudhishthir, 1st Pandav/ Eldest son of Kuru Clan/ King of Indraprastha
Praveen Kumar as Bhim, 2nd Pandav/ Second eldest son of Kuru clan/ Yuvraaj(crown Prince) of Indraprastha
Arjun (Firoz Khan) as Arjun, 3rd Pandava, husband of Draupadi, Uloopi, Chitangada and  Subhadra, brother-in-law of Balaram-Krishna, father of Abhimanyu
Sameer Chitre as Nakul, 4th Pandav
Sanjeev Chitre as Sahadeva, 5th Pandav
Roopa Ganguly as Draupadi, Wife of all Pandav/Also called as Panchali/ Yagyaseni/ Younger daughter of Drupad/ Princess of Panchala
Aloka Mukherjee as Subhadra, Arjuna's 2nd wife/ Abhimanyu's mother/ Vasudev's daughter hence Krishna-Balaram's sister and Yadava princess

text:
Puneet Issar as Duryodhan
Vinod Kapoor as Dushasan
Dinesh Anand as Vikarna

text:
Razak Khan as Ghatotkach
Mayur Verma (Master Mayur) as Abhimanyu
Varsha Usgaonkar as Uttara, Abhimanyu's wife/ Virata princess

text: Ayub Khan as Parikshit, son of Abhimanyu and Uttara/ Grandson of Arjuna-Subhadra

text:
Dharmesh Tiwari as Kripacharya, Kulguru, Family Teacher
Surendra Pal as Dronacharya, Guru of Kauravas and Pandavas
Om Katare as Adhiratha, Charioteer/Karna's foster father
Saroj Sharma as Radha, Adhiratha's wife,/Karna's foster mother
Pradeep Rawat as Ashwatthama, son of Dronacharya
Ram Mohan as Raj Purohit, Head Priest
Rafique Mukkadam as Minister
Vinod Raut as Purochana, Royal architect
Pramod Kumar as Dwarpal
Abha Mishra as Maid Servant to Ganga
Lalit Tiwari as Sanjaya, Dhritarashtra's advisor and also his charioteer

text:
Nitish Bhardwaj as Lord Krishna, Vasudev's younger son
Ramlal Gupta as Ugrasen, King of Mathura
Goga Kapoor as Kans, son of Ugrasen
Devidas as Kans's Minister
Ashok Banthia as Senapati Kritvarma
Ajay Sinha as Akroor, Vrishni Chief
Bashir Khan as Satyaki, General
Vishnu Sharma as Vasudev, Son of Shoorsen, prince of Vrishni tribe
Kshama Raj as Rohini, Vasudev's elder wife
Sheela Sharma as Devaki, Vasudev's younger wife
Rasik Dave as Nand Raj, Chief of Gokul
Manju Vyas as Yashoda, Nand's wife
Sagar Salunke as Balram, Vasudev's elder son
Channa Ruparel as Rukmini, Krishna's chief wife
Parijat as Radha, Krishna's consort

text:
Pradeep Sharma as Drupada
Arun Bakshi as Dhrishtadyumna
Paintal as Shikhandi / Sudama

text:
Ashok Sharma as Virata, King of Virata
Chandni Sharma as Sudeshna, Queen of Virata
Sameer Rajda as Uttar, crown prince of Virata
Sharat Saxena as Kichak, Army General of Virata

text: Kapil Kumar as Shalya

text: Deep Dhillon as Jayadratha, Dussala's husband, Kaurava's brother-in-law

text:
Rakesh Bidua as Kashya, King Of Kashi
Jahnavi as Amba, 1st princess of Kashi

text:
Vikrant Mathur as Subala, Shakuni's and Gandhari's Father, King of Gandhara
Gufi Paintal as Shakuni, Gandhari's brother/ later King of Gandhara

text:
Shivendra Mahal as Parshuram / Lord Shiva
Dara Singh as Hanuman (cameo)
Satish Kaul as Indra
Gopi Krishna as Chitrasena

text: Rana Jung Bahadur as Jarasandh, King of Magadha, Father-in-law of Kans

text: Karunakar Pathak as Shishupala, King of Chedi, Cousin of Krishna and Balaram

text: Pawan Shukla as Shalv Kumar, Prince of Salwa Kingdom

text:
Prem Sagar as Rishi Kanva
Pankaj Berry as Rishi Kindama, sage who cursed Pandu
Rajesh Vivek as Maharishi Ved Vyas

text:
Vikas Prasad as Ekalavya
Randhir Singh as Hidimba / Bhootana (Putana)
Sabrina as Bhootana, (Putana)
Paramjeet Chima as Dashraj, Satyavati's Father
Harish Bhimani as Samay/ Narrator

text: Cast (Children)[edit]

text:
Shampa as Child Krishna
Kewal Shah as Adolescent Krishna
Chetan Hansraj as Young Balram
Krish Mallik as Young Bhishma
Harendra Paintal as Young Karna
Sonu as Young Yudhishthir
Mallik as Young Bhim
Ankur Javeri as Young Arjun
Amit Shukla as Young Duryodhan
Kaushal Shah as Young Dushasan
Babbu as Young Ashwatthama
Sumeet Raghavan as Young Sudama

text: Episodes[edit]

text: Episode 1 - Introduction of Kuru Family, Raja Bharat and Raja Shantanu

text: Episode 2 - Ganga Kills Her Sons

text: Episode 3 - Bhishma Is Grown-up

text: Episode 4 - Bhisma Pratigya/Iccha Mrityu Vardaan

text: Episode 5 - Amba, Ambika and Ambalika's Introduction

text: Episode 6 - Birth of Pandu, Dhritarashtra and Vidhur

text: Episode 7 - Karna's Birth-story, Dhritarashtra and Gandhari Get Married and Pandu and Kunti Get Married

text: Episode 8 - Madri is gifted to Pandu, Pandu is resting and Sage Kindama's curse on Pandu

text: Episode 9 - Dhritarashtra is king his sanyas and Kansa is king and Akashwani about Krishna

text: Episode 10 - Birth of Balarama and Five Pandavas

text: Episode 11 - Krishna Janma

text: Episode 12 - Pootna's Death

text: Episode 13 - Krishna brahmand darshan and Krishna gets caught while stealing makhan

text: Episode 14 - Maiya Mori Mai nahi makhan khayo and Kaliya Nag Tandav

text: Episode 15 - Radha and Gopikas, protest against Mathura, Devakasur and Trulambasur Vadh

text: Episode 16 - Kansa invites Krishna to Mathura

text: Episode 17 - Kansa vadh

text: Episode 18 - Pandu's Death

text: Episode 19 - Satyavati, Ambika, Ambalika take sanyas with Rishi Vyas

text: Episode 20 - Duryodhan Poisons Bhim and Bhim Gets Strength of 1000 Elephants

text: Episode 21 - Sudama's chivda and Dron arrives to Hastinapur

text: Episode 22 - Shastra Pooja, Drona insults Karna and Arjun's Test

text: Episode 23 - Ekalavya, Karna's Education, Arjun's Test of Bird's Eye

text: Episode 24 - All grown up, prince is to be nominated and everyone exhibit their skills in Rangbhoomi, Karna challenges Arjun and Duryodhan gives Anga desh to Karna

text: Episode 25 - Drona's guru dakshina to capture Dhrupad

text: Episode 26 - Krishna gets Sudarshan chakra from Parshuram, defeats Jarasandh and orders building Dwarika

text: Episode 27 - Yudhishthir Is Crowned as Prince. Rukmini Is Being Forced to Marry Shishupal

text: Episode 28 - Krishna Rescues Rukmini

text: Episode 29 - Lakshagriha Is Built in Varnavat by Purochan

text: Episode 30 - Tunneling in Varnavat Begins

text: Episode 31 - Escape from Lakshagriha

text: Episode 32 - Hidimb Vadh and Bhima's marriage

text: Episode 33 - Bakasur Vadh

text: Episode 34 - Dristadyumna & Draupadi Birth and Draupadi Swayamvar

text: Episode 35 - Arjun Wins Draupadi and Later She Became the Wives of 5 Pandavas

text: Episode 36 - Pandav Leave from Panchal to Hastinapur

text: Episode 37 - Pandavas Arrives at Hastinapur and Kingdom Is Divided

text: Episode 38 - Pandav Get Khandavprastha

text: Episode 39 - Coronation of Yudhirsthir, Khandavprastha Becomes Indraprastha

text: Episode 40 - Arjun runs away with Subhadra

text: Episode 41 - Arjun Weds Subhadra. Arjun Gets Devdatta Conch and Gandiv and Bhim Gets His Gada

text: Episode 42 - Jarasandh Vadh, Rajsuya Yagnya begins, Shishupals Story

text: Episode 43 - Rajsuya Yagya, Shishupal Vadh

text: Episode 44 - Vyas Predicts War, Draupadi Laughs at Duryodhan

text: Episode 45 - Pandavas Go to Hastinapur to Gamble

text: Episode 46 - Yudhirshthir Loses Everything

text: Episode 47 - Vastraharan of Draupadi

text: Episode 48 - Pandavas Get Back Everything

text: Episode 49 - Re-match of Dyut

text: Episode 50 - Vanvas Begins

text: Episode 51 - Gandharvas Catch Duryodhan

text: Episode 52 - Arjun Worships Lord Indra and Lord Shiva for Divyastra and Gets Pashupatastra

text: Episode 53 - Krishna's story of one grain of rice, Bhim meets Ghatotkach and Hanuman, Arjun learns dance from Chitrasen

text: Episode 54 - Arjun gets curse of impotency from Urvashi, Abhimanyus as a kid, Jayadraths head is shaved

text: Episode 55 - Story of Poisoned Water and Yaksha, Abhimanyu Is Grown-up

text: Episode 56 - Agyatvas in Matsya Desh

text: Episode 57 - Karna's curse, Draupadi as Maid Sairandhri rejects Keechak

text: Episode 58 - Keechak Vadh by Bheema

text: Episode 59 - Kaurav Attack Matsya Desh

text: Episode 60 - Viraat yudh and clothes for Uttaras dolls

text: Episode 61 - Abhimanyu's Marriage and Pandavs Decide to Send a Doot to Hastinapur

text: Episode 62 - Dhritarashtra Does Not Agree and Sends Sanjay

text: Episode 63 - Duryodhan gets Narayani Sena from Krishna

text: Episode 64 - Krishna Goes to Hastinapur as Shanti Doot

text: Episode 65 - Krishna tooks Virat Avtar and Indra takes Karna's kawach kundala

text: Episode 66 - Karna's Identity Is Disclosed

text: Episode 67 - Vidur resigns as a prime minister, Kunti meets Karna

text: Episode 68 - Sanjay gets divya drishti, Ulluk goes to Pandavs

text: Episode 69 - Duryodhan tricks Shalya to join Kauravas

text: Episode 70 - Shikhandi's Story

text: Episode 71 - Arjun Worships Goddess Durga, Rules of War Laid

text: Episode 72 - Kurukshetra War Begins and Arjun Drops His Weapons, Geeta Saar Begins

text: Episode 73 - Geeta Saar Continues

text: Episode 74 - Geeta Saar Continues and Krishna Shows His Maha-Avtaar

text: Episode 75 - Yudhishthir Gets Blessings, Yuyutsu Changes Side and War Begins, Abhimanyu Faces Bhishma

text: Episode 76 - Uttar dies, Arjun faces Bhishma and day 2 begins

text: Episode 77 - Arjun is unstoppable, 3rd is over, 4th day begins, Bhim is surrounded, 10 Kauravs are killed, Krishna takes out his sudarshan

text: Episode 78 - 9th Day Is Over and 16 Kauravs Are Dead, Bhisma Tells Arjun How to Take Him Out of the War

text: Episode 79 - Bhishma lies on the Bed of Arrows, Karna meets Bhisma

text: Episode 80 - Day 11, Dron tries to capture Yudhishthir but is unsuccessful, Shantanu comes to Bhishma

text: Episode 81 - Chakra Vyuh Planned, Duryodhan Promises Susharma

text: Episode 82 - Abhimanyu Vadh

text: Episode 83 - Arjun Vows to Kill Jayadrath and Story About Jayadraths Curse

text: Episode 84 - Arjun Breaks Kamal Vyuh to Get to Jayadrath

text: Episode 85 - Jayadrath Vadh

text: Episode 86 - Ghatotkach dies

text: Episode 87 - Drona Dies

text: Episode 88 - Dushasana dies and Karna fights with Arjun, Krishna puts the rath in the land so that Arjun is saved

text: Episode 89 - Karna's curse, Karna Dies

text: Episode 90 - Shakuni Dies, Yudhishthir Curses All Woman Kind and Duryodhan Becomes Iron Bodied

text: Episode 91 - Balaram arrives, Bhim-Duryodhan Gada Yudh

text: Episode 92 - Duryodhan Dies, Ashwathama, Krip and Kritvarma Remain, Parikshit's Story

text: Episode 93 - Dhritarashtra Tries to Kill Bhim

text: Episode 94 - Yudhisthir Becomes King of Hastinapur, Bhishma Dies

text: Production[edit]

text: According to production team member Kishore Malhotra, the total cost of producing the series was ₹9 crore (US$1.3 million).[5] Nitish Bharadwaj was chosen by B R Chopra, Ravi Chopra, (screenplay writer) Pandit Narendra Sharma and (dialogue writer) Rahi Masoom Raza, to play the central role of Krishna, at the age of 23.[6][7] Firoz Khan was chosen to portray the character of Arjuna (which he later adopted as his screen name, not to become confused with a more popular actor of the same name) despite being rejected in auditions.[8] Praveen Kumar was selected to portray Bhima after Chopra was looking for someone "who could look the robust mythological character".[9] Around six actors were shortlisted for the role of Draupadi, including Juhi Chawla, who opted out of the show as she had bagged a film. Ramya Krishnan and Roopa Ganguly were the final names, and at last Roopa Ganguly was chosen, as her Hindi was good. Govinda (actor) and Chunky Pandey were signed for the role of Abhimanyu, but they opted out when they bagged films. Later, Master Mayur played the role.[10] Raj Babbar and Debashree Roy were the only two star actors of that time, who agreed to be parts of this venture.[11]

text: Broadcast[edit]

text: It was shown in the United Kingdom by the BBC,[12] where it achieved audience figures of 5 million.[13][14] It was also the first programme broadcast on BBC2 after its 1991 revamp,[15] but had also been shown late at night on BBC 1 the previous year.[16]  It has also been shown on FBC TV in Fiji and Star Utsav. It also aired on Epic. Dubbed versions were aired in Tamil, Telugu, Malayalam and also in Indonesia in the early 1990s on TPI (now MNCTV) and in the early 2000s on ANteve (now antv).

text: Reception[edit]

text:
Lavanya Mohan of The Hindu on her article "Retelling of Mahabharata on Television over the years" wrote "The version that left the maximum impact on me is BR Chopra’s. Yes, the sets were gaudy, the effects comical, and the acting got a little too dramatic at times, but the writing and the way the episodes were paced ensured that the series was ahead of its time."
It is commonly known to be associated with this serial along with "Ramayana" serial, where it is said that streets in cities remained isolated and people left their work to watch this series.[17]

text: Home media[edit]

text: The series was uploaded on the website "Rajshri.com" along with its dubbed Tamil version.[18] Home video of Bengali dubbed version of its series has been released by Heart Video.[19]

text: Legacy[edit]

text: Mahabharat along with Ramayana (1987) became one of the successful mythological television series in Indian television. Many actors went on to become popular through the series. Mukesh Khanna shot to fame as Bhishma and went on to name his production company after the character's name and Roopa Ganguly went on to become a successful actress in Bengali cinema.[20][21]