document_title: Football records in Spain

question_text: player with most away goals in la liga

question_tokens: player with most away goals in la liga

text: Football records in Spain

text: League[edit]

text: Records in this section refer to La Liga from its founding in 1929 through to the present.

text: Titles[edit]

text:
Most league titles: 33, Real Madrid (1931–32, 1932–33, 1953–54, 1954–55, 1956–57, 1957–58, 1960–61, 1961–62, 1962–63, 1963–64, 1964–65, 1966–67, 1967–68, 1968–69, 1971–72, 1974–75, 1975–76, 1977–78, 1978–79, 1979–80, 1985–86, 1986–87, 1987–88, 1988–89, 1989–90, 1994–95, 1996–97, 2000–01, 2002–03, 2006–07, 2007–08, 2011–12, 2016–17)[1]
Most consecutive league titles: 5, Real Madrid (twice): (1960–61, 1961–62, 1962–63, 1963–64, 1964–65) & (1985–86, 1986–87, 1987–88, 1988–89, 1989–90)[2]

text: Top flight appearances[edit]

text:
Most appearances: 87, joint record (up to 2017–18)[1]

Athletic Bilbao (1929–present)
Barcelona (1929–present)
Real Madrid (1929–present)

text: Wins[edit]

text:
Most wins overall: 1618, Real Madrid[1]
Most wins in a season: 32, Real Madrid (2011–12),[3][4] Barcelona (2012–13)[3][4]
Most home wins in a season: 18, Real Madrid (1987–88)[5] and (2009–10),[6] Barcelona (2009–10)[6]
Most away wins in a season: 16, Real Madrid (2011–12)[7]
Most consecutive wins: 16, Barcelona (2010–11),[8] Real Madrid (2016–17)[9]
Most consecutive home wins: 39, Barcelona (16 February 1958 to 6 November 1960)[10][11][12][13]
Most consecutive away wins: 13, Real Madrid (26 February 2017 to 14 October 2017)[14]
Fewest wins in a season: 2, joint record:

Sporting Gijón (1997–98) final record P38 W2 D7 L29[15]
Logroñés (1994–95) final record P38 W2 D9 L27[16]
Celta Vigo (1943–44) final record P26 W2 D5 L19[17]
Real Betis (1942–43) final record P26 W2 D6 L18[18]

100% home win record in a season:

Athletic Bilbao (9 games; 1933–34)[19]
Athletic Bilbao (11 games; 1935–36)[20]
Barcelona (13 games; 1948–49)[21]
Barcelona (15 games; 1952–53)[22]
Sevilla (15 games; 1956–57)[23]
Barcelona (15 games; 1958–59)[24]
Barcelona (15 games; 1959–60)[25]
Real Madrid (15 games; 1959–60)[25]
Real Madrid (15 games; 1962–63)[26]
Real Madrid (17 games; 1985–86)[27]

Longest win streaks from the start of a season: 9, Real Madrid (1968–69)[28]

text: Draws[edit]

text:
Most draws overall: 627, Athletic Bilbao[1]
Most draws in a season: 18, Deportivo La Coruña (2015–16)[29]
Most consecutive draws: 9, Burgos (30 April 1978 to 28 October 1978)[30][31]

text: Losses[edit]

text:
Most losses overall: 1059, Granada[1]
Most losses in a season: 29, Sporting Gijón (1997–98)[15]
Most consecutive losses in a season: 11, Las Palmas (13 December 1959 to 28 February 1960)[citation needed]
Most consecutive losses home: 9, Córdoba (24 January 2015 to ongoing)[citation needed]
Most consecutive losses away: 25, Hércules (11 September 1955 to 26 February 1967)[citation needed]
Fewest losses in a season: 0, (18 games season) joint record:

Athletic Bilbao (1929–30; final record P18 W12 D6 L0)[32]
Real Madrid (1931–32; final record P18 W10 D8 L0)[33]

Fewest losses in a season under current league format (38 games): 1, joint record:

Real Madrid (1988–89; final record P38 W25 D12 L1)[34]
Barcelona (2009–10; final record P38 W31 D6 L1)[6]
Barcelona (2017–18; final record P38 W28 D9 L1)

text: Points[edit]

text:
Most points overall in the top flight: 4,293, Real Madrid[35]
Largest point margin at end of season: 15, Barcelona (2012–13)[36]
Most points in a season overall: 100, (87.72% of points), Real Madrid (2011–12),[37] Barcelona (2012–13)[38][39][40]
Most points in a season home: 55, Barcelona (2009–10) and (2012–13)[41]
Most points in a season away: 50, Real Madrid (2011–12)[citation needed]
Most points in a season opening half: 55, Barcelona (2012–13)[42]
Most points in a season closing half: 52, Real Madrid (2009–10)[citation needed]
Most points in a season (2 points for a win, 18 games): 30, Athletic Bilbao (1929–30)[43]
Most points in a season (2 points for a win, 22 games): 34, Betis Balompié (1934–35)[44]
Most points in a season (2 points for a win, 26 games): 40, Valencia (1941–42) and (1943–44)[45]
Most points in a season (2 points for a win, 30 games): 52, Real Madrid (1960–61)[46]
Most points in a season (2 points for a win, 34 games): 56, Real Madrid (1985–86)[47]
Most points in a season (2 points for a win, 38 games): 62, Real Madrid (1987–88), (1988–89) and (1989–90)[48][49]
Most points in a season (2 points for a win, 44 games): 66, Real Madrid (1986–87)[50]
Most points in a season (3 points for a win, 42 games): 92, Real Madrid (1996–97)[51]
Most points in a season (3 points for a win, 38 games): 100, Real Madrid (2011–12),[52] Barcelona (2012–13)[38][39][40]
Fewest points in a season (2 points for a win): 9, Celta Vigo (1942–43) final record P26 W2 D5 L19[53]
Fewest points in a season (3 points for a win): 13, Sporting Gijón (1997–98) final record P38 W2 D7 L29[54]

text: Games without a loss[edit]

text:
Most consecutive league games without a loss: 43, Barcelona (8 April 2017 to 13 May 2018)[55][56]
Most consecutive league games without a loss home: 121, Real Madrid (17 February 1957 to 7 March 1965)[57]
Most consecutive league games without a loss away: 23, Barcelona (14 February 2010 to 30 April 2011)[55]
Longest undefeated run from the start of a season: 36, Barcelona (20 August 2017 to 13 May 2018)[58]

text: Games without a win[edit]

text:
Most consecutive league games without a win: 24, Sporting Gijón (22 June 1997 to 8 February 1998)[59]
Most consecutive league games without a win away: 72, Hércules (8 December 1940 to 12 March 1967)[60]

text: Games without scoring[edit]

text:
Most consecutive league games without scoring: 8, joint record:

Sabadell (27 September 1987 to 6 December 1987)[61]
Castellón (28 October 1990 to 6 January 1991)[62]

Most consecutive league games without scoring Home: 7, Athletic Bilbao (6 January 1996 to 7 April 1996)[63]
Most consecutive league games without scoring away: 12, Deportivo (17 January 1965 to 4 December 1966)[64]
Most consecutive league games without scoring away in a single season: 11, Hércules (17 November 2010 to 3 April 2011)[60]

text: Games without conceding a goal[edit]

text:
Most consecutive league games without conceding a goal: 13, Atlético Madrid (2 December 1990 to 17 March 1991)[65]
Most consecutive league games without conceding a goal home: 12, Barcelona (23 April 2011 to 15 January 2012)[55]
Most consecutive league games without conceding a goal away: 7, Barcelona (1 November 1986 to 7 February 1987)[55]
Most games without conceding a goal in a season: 26, Deportivo (1993–94)[64]
Most consecutive clean sheets from the start of a season: 8, Barcelona (2014–15)

text: Appearances[edit]

text:
Most career league appearances: 622, Andoni Zubizarreta[66]
Most career league appearances at one club: 550, Raúl[66]
Most career league appearances by a player born outside of Spain: 466, Donato[66]
Oldest player: Ricardo, 41 years, 5 month and 2 days (for Osasuna v. Real Madrid, 1 June 2013)[67]
Oldest player under exceptional circumstances: Harry Lowe, 48 years 7 months and 12 days (for Real Sociedad v. Valencia, 24 March 1935)[68] (Real Sociedad's manager played due to a player down to illness, the team did not bring any substitutes to the away game for financial reasons.)
Youngest player: Sansón, 15 years, 8 months and 11 days[69][70] (for Celta Vigo v. Sevilla, 31 December 1939)

text: Goals[edit]

text: Team records[edit]

text:
Most league goals scored in a season: 121, Real Madrid (2011–12)[71]
Most home league goals scored in a season: 78, Real Madrid (1989–90)[72]
Most away league goals scored in a season: 58, Real Madrid (2016–17)[73]
Most games scored in a season: 38, Barcelona (2012–13), Real Madrid (2016–17)[74]
Scoring in every game in a single La Liga season: 38 out of 38 games, Barcelona (2012–13), Real Madrid (2016–17)[75]
Fewest league goals scored in a season: 15, Logroñés (1994–95)[citation needed]
Fewest home league goals scored in a season: 8, Granada (1969–70)[citation needed]
Fewest away league goals scored in a season: 2, Deportivo (1964–65)[citation needed]
Most league goals conceded in a season: 134, Lleida (1950–51)[76]
Fewest league goals conceded in a season: 15, Real Madrid (1931–32)[citation needed]
Fewest league goals conceded home in a season: 2, joint record:

Córdoba (1964–65)[citation needed]
Pontevedra (1968–69)[citation needed]

Best conceded goal quota in a season:

0.474 goals per game, Deportivo (1993–94), Atlético Madrid (2015-2016) (Real Madrid's record of 15 goals was in an 18 game season and gives a quota of 0.833, Deportivo and Atletico Madrid's tallies (of 18) are from 38-game seasons)[citation needed]

Best goal difference in a season: +89, Real Madrid (2011–12),[77] Barcelona (2014-15)[78]
Worst goal difference in a season: –93, Lleida (1950–51)[79]
Most consecutive games scoring: 64, Barcelona (4 February 2012 to 5 October 2013)[80]
Most consecutive games scoring home: 88, Barcelona (10 February 1952 to 19 January 1958)[citation needed]
Most consecutive games scoring away: 35, Real Madrid (3 January 2016 to 29 October 2017)[citation needed]
Most goals on one day: 59 goals in 8 games, (17 September 1950)[citation needed]
Fewest goals on one day: 8 goals in 8 games, (18 March 1973)[citation needed]

text: Individual records[edit]

text:
Most career league goals: 383, Lionel Messi[81]
Most goals scored in a season: 50, Lionel Messi (2011–12)[82]
Most goals scored in a calendar year: 59, Lionel Messi (2012)[83]
Most league home goals in a season (38 games, 19 home games): 35, Lionel Messi (2011–12)[84]
Most league away goals in a season (38 games, 19 away games): 24, Lionel Messi (2012–13)[85]
Most league matches scored in a season (38 games): 27, Lionel Messi (2012–13),[86] Cristiano Ronaldo (2011–12)[87]
Most league home matches scored in a season (38 games): 16, Lionel Messi (2011–12)[84]
Most league away matches scored in a season (38 games): 15, Lionel Messi (2012–13)[88]
Most opponents scored against in La Liga history: 36, Lionel Messi[89]
Most opponents scored against in a season: 19, joint record:

Ronaldo for Barcelona (1996–97) (42 games)[90]
Cristiano Ronaldo for Real Madrid (2011–12) (38 games)[90]
Lionel Messi for Barcelona (2012–13) (38 games)[91]

Most goals scored in a game: 7, joint record:

Agustín Sauto Arana (for Athletic Bilbao v. Barcelona, 8 February 1931)[92][93]
László Kubala (for Barcelona v. Sporting Gijón, 10 February 1952)[94]

Only player to score consecutively against every team in La Liga: Lionel Messi (19 consecutive matches, 30 goals, from matchday 11 to matchday 29, season 2012–13)[95][96][97]
Most consecutive league appearances scored in: 21, Lionel Messi (33 goals, from matchday 11 to matchday 34, season 2012-13)[98]
Most consecutive home league matches scored in: 18, Mariano Martín (37 goals, from matchday 22 season 1941-42 to matchday 6 season 1943-44)[99]
Most consecutive away league matches scored in: 13, Lionel Messi (20 goals from matchday 8 to matchday 33, season 2012–13)[88]
Most hat-tricks scored in La Liga history: 34, Cristiano Ronaldo[100][101]
Most league hat-tricks scored in a season: 8, joint record:

Lionel Messi (2011–12)[102]
Cristiano Ronaldo (2014–15)[103]

Most braces (2-goal matches) scored in La Liga history: 70, Lionel Messi (2004-)[104]
Fastest hat-trick in La Liga: Bebeto for Deportivo La Coruña vs Albacete in 1995[105][106]
Fastest to 20 league goals in a single season: 12 games, Cristiano Ronaldo (2014–15)[107]
Fastest 50 league goals: 37 games, Isidro Lángara (for Oviedo (matchday 19, 07/04/1935, season 1934–35)[citation needed]
Fastest 100 league goals: 82 games, Isidro Lángara (for Oviedo (matchday 2, 28 September 1947, season 1947–48)[108]
Fastest 150 league goals: 140 games, Cristiano Ronaldo (matchday 5, 22 September 2013, season 2013–14)[109]
Fastest 200 league goals: 178 games, Cristiano Ronaldo[110][111]
Fastest 250 league goals: 228 games, Cristiano Ronaldo[112][113]
Fastest 300 league goals: 286 games, Cristiano Ronaldo[114]
Most consecutive hat-tricks in one season: 3, Isidro Lángara (for Oviedo (1934–35)[115]
Most goals from penalties in La Liga history: 61, Cristiano Ronaldo[116]
Most penalties taken in La Liga history: 72, Cristiano Ronaldo[117]
Youngest player to score 200 league goals: Lionel Messi, 25 years and 7 months (27 January 2013)[118]
Youngest goalscorer: Fabrice Olinga, 16 years and 98 days (for Málaga v. Celta Vigo, 18 August 2012)[119][120]
Most wins at La Liga Best Player award: 6, Lionel Messi[121]
Most wins at La Liga Best Forward award: 7, Lionel Messi[122][123]
Only player to score 20+ goals in 10 consecutive seasons: Lionel Messi (2004-)[124][125]
Only player to score 30+ goals in 7 different seasons: Lionel Messi (2004-)[126][127]
Only player to score 4 goals (super hat-tricks) in 2 consecutive matches in La Liga history in a single season: 2, Luis Suárez (matchdays 34 and 35, season 2015–16)[128]
Only players to be involved in 7 goals in a single match in La Liga history: joint record:

Agustín Sauto Arana (for Athletic Bilbao vs Barcelona, 8 February 1931)[92][93]
László Kubala (for Barcelona v. Sporting Gijón, 10 February 1952)[94]
Luis Suárez, (matchday 34, 20 April 2016, season 2015–16)[128]

Most wins in La Liga history: 334, Iker Casillas (1999-2015)[129]
Most assists provided in La Liga history: 149, Lionel Messi[130][131]
Only players to be top goalscorers and top assist providers in the same season: Luis Suárez (2015-16), Lionel Messi (2017-18)

text: Goalkeepers' records[edit]

text:
Most Penalties Saved: 22, Diego Alves for UD Almería and Valencia CF[132]
Most Penalties Saved in a single season: 6, Diego Alves for Valencia CF in season 2016-17[133]
Most clean sheets in a season: 26, Francisco Liaño (for Deportivo, 1993–94)[134]
Best conceded goal quota in a season:[135]

1 - 0.474 goals per game (18 goals in 38 matches), Francisco Liaño (for Deportivo, 1993–94), Jan Oblak (for Atlético Madrid, 2015–16)
3 - 0.5 goals per game (16 goals in 32 matches), Víctor Valdés (for Barcelona, 2010–11)
4 - 0.51 goals per game (19 goals in 37 matches), Claudio Bravo (for Barcelona, 2014–15)

Most clean sheets: 233, Andoni Zubizarreta (66 for Athletic Bilbao, 123 for Barcelona and 44 for Valencia, 1981–1998)[136]
Longest start to a season with no goals: 754 minutes, Claudio Bravo (for Barcelona, 2014-15)[135]
Longest goalkeeping run without conceding a goal: 1,275 minutes, Abel Resino (for Atlético Madrid, 1990–91)[137]

text: Scorelines[edit]

text:
Record win: Athletic Bilbao 12–1 Barcelona (8 February 1931)[138]
Record away win: 0–8, on four occasions:

Las Palmas 0–8 Barcelona (25 October 1959)[139]
Almería 0–8 Barcelona (20 November 2010)[139]
Córdoba 0–8 Barcelona (2 May 2015)
Deportivo 0–8 Barcelona (20 April 2016)

Most goals in a game: 14, Athletic Bilbao 9–5 Racing Santander (5 February 1933)[140]
Highest scoring draw: 12, Atlético Madrid 6–6 Athletic Bilbao (29 January 1950)[141]

text: Disciplinary[edit]

text:
Most red cards in a single match: 6,

Espanyol (3) v. Barcelona (3) (13 December 2003) (2 Direct red cards and 4 double yellow cards)[citation needed]

Most red cards in a career (individual): 24, Sergio Ramos (all with Real Madrid)[142]

text: Team records[edit]

text: Most points in a La Liga season (at least 90 points)[edit]

text:
Rank
Club
Season
Points
Apps

1
Real Madrid
2011–12
100
38

Barcelona
2012–13
100
38

3
Barcelona
2009–10
99
38

4
Real Madrid
2009–10
96
38

Barcelona
2010–11
96
38

6
Barcelona
2014–15
94
38

7
Barcelona
2017–18
93
38

Real Madrid
2016–17
93
38

9
Real Madrid
1996–97
92
42

Real Madrid
2010–11
92
38

Real Madrid
2014–15
92
38

12
Barcelona
2011–12
91
38

Barcelona
2015–16
91
38

14
Barcelona
1996–97
90
42

Atlético Madrid
2013–14
90
38

Real Madrid
2015–16
90
38

Barcelona
2016–17
90
38

text: Most goals in a La Liga season (at least 100 goals)[edit]

text:
Rank
Club
Season
Goals
Apps

1
Real Madrid
2011–12
121
38

2
Real Madrid
2014–15
118
38

3
Barcelona
2016–17
116
38

4
Barcelona
2012–13
115
38

5
Barcelona
2011–12
114
38

6
Barcelona
2015–16
112
38

7
Barcelona
2014–15
110
38

Real Madrid
2015–16
110
38

9
Real Madrid
1989–90
107
38

10
Real Madrid
2016–17
106
38

11
Barcelona
2008–09
105
38

12
Real Madrid
2013–14
104
38

13
Real Madrid
2012–13
103
38

14
Real Madrid
2009–10
102
38

Real Madrid
2010–11
102
38

Barcelona
1996–97
102
42

17
Barcelona
2013–14
100
38

text: Most goals in a season besides Real Madrid and Barcelona: 88 in 30 appearances by Athletic Bilbao in 1950–51 La Liga.

text: Most goals in a season – all competitions (at least 150 goals)[edit]

text:
Rank
Club
Season
Liga
Cup
Europe
Other
Total

Goals
Apps
Goals
Apps
Goals
Apps
Goals
Apps
Goals
Apps

1
Barcelona
2011–12
114
38
26
9
35
12
15
5
190
64

2
Barcelona
2014–15
110
38
34
9
31
13
0
0
175
60

3
Real Madrid
2011–12
121
38
14
6
35
12
4
2
174
58

4
Real Madrid
2016–17
106
38
22
6
36
13
9
3
173
60

Barcelona
2015–16
112
38
27
9
22
10
12
5
173
62

6
Barcelona
2016–17
116
38
24
9
26
10
5
2
171
59

7
Real Madrid
2014–15
118
38
11
4
24
12
9
5
162
59

8
Real Madrid
2013–14
104
38
15
9
41
13
0
0
160
60

9
Real Madrid
1959–60
92
30
35
9
31
7
0
0
158
46

Barcelona
2008–09
105
38
17
9
36
15
0
0
158
62

Barcelona
2012–13
115
38
21
8
18
12
4
2
158
60

12
Real Madrid
2012–13
103
38
20
9
26
12
4
2
153
61

13
Barcelona
2010–11
95
38
22
9
30
13
5
2
152
62

text:
First team to score at least 100 goals in a season: Valencia in 1941–42 (111 in 34 appearances).
It should be noted though that a number of teams managed to score over 100 goals in a season during the 1930s when the national league and cup were played alongside the regional leagues. Most prolific among those was the Athletic Bilbao team of the early 1930s scoring 126 goals in 1929–30, 137 goals in 1930–31, 127 goals in 1931–32, 127 goals in 1932–33 and 115 goals in 1933–34, others include Real Oviedo scoring 114 goals in 1933–34 and 110 goals in 1935–36.
Most goals in a season besides Real Madrid and Barcelona: 119 in 60 appearances by Sevilla in 2014–15 season.

text: Most effective team in a La Liga season (at least 3 goals per game)[edit]

text:
Rank
Club
Season
Goals
Apps
G/A

1
Athletic Bilbao
1930–31
73
18
4.06

2
Athletic Bilbao
1929–30
63
18
3.50

Athletic Bilbao
1931–32
63
18
3.50

4
Athletic Bilbao
1933–34
61
18
3.39

5
Valencia
1941–42
85
26
3.27

6
Barcelona
1958–59
96
30
3.20

7
Real Madrid
2011–12
121
38
3.18

8
Atlético Aviación
1940–41
70
22
3.18

Sevilla
1940–41
70
22
3.18

10
Real Madrid
2014–15
118
38
3.10

11
Barcelona
1951–52
92
30
3.07

Real Madrid
1959–60
92
30
3.07

13
Barcelona
2012–13
115
38
3.02

14
Barcelona
2011–12
114
38
3.00

Valencia
1948–49
78
26
3.00

text: Individual records[edit]

text: Most championships won[edit]

text: Spanish

text: 12, Francisco Gento (all with Real Madrid)[143]

text: Non-Spanish[edit]

text: 9, Lionel Messi (all with FC Barcelona)

text: Goalscoring[edit]

text: Top 30 goalscorers, all-time[edit]

text: Players in Bold are still active.

text:
[hide]Rank
Nat
Name
Years
Goals
Apps
Ratio

1

Lionel Messi
2004–
383
418
0.92

2

Cristiano Ronaldo
2009–
311
292
1.07

3

Telmo Zarra
1940–1955
251
278
0.9

4

Hugo Sánchez
1981–1994
234
347
0.67

5

Raúl
1994–2010
228
550
0.41

6

Alfredo Di Stéfano
1953–1966
227
329
0.69

7

César Rodríguez
1939–1955
223
353
0.63

8

Quini
1970–1987
219
448
0.49

9

Pahiño
1943–1956
210
278
0.76

10

Edmundo Suárez
1939–1950
195
231
0.84

11

Santillana
1970–1988
186
461
0.4

12

David Villa
2003–2014
185
352
0.53

13

Juan Arza
1943–1959
182
349
0.52

14

Guillermo Gorostiza
1929–1945
178
256
0.7

15

Samuel Eto'o
1998–2009
162
280
0.58

16

Luis Aragonés
1960–1974
160
360
0.44

17

Ferenc Puskás
1958–1966
156
180
0.87

18

Aritz Aduriz
2002–
155
407
0.38

19

Julio Salinas
1982–2000
152
417
0.36

20

Adrián Escudero
1945–1958
150
287
0.52

21

Daniel Ruiz
1974–1986
147
303
0.49

22

Raúl Tamudo
1997–2013
146
407
0.36

23

Silvestre Igoa
1941–1956
141
284
0.5

24

Manuel Badenes
1946–1959
139
201
0.69

Juan Araújo
1945–1956
207
0.67

José Mari Bakero
1980–1997
483
0.29

27

László Kubala
1951–1965
138
215
0.64

28

José Luis Panizo
1939–1955
136
325
0.42

29

Jesús María Satrústegui
1973–1986
133
297
0.45

30

Joaquín Murillo
1952–1964
132
227
0.58

text: Top 5 goalscorers, still active (Primera División only)[edit]

text:
Rank
Nat
Name
Years
Current club
Goals
Apps
Ratio

1

Lionel Messi
2004–
Barcelona
383
418
0.92

2

Cristiano Ronaldo
2009–
Real Madrid
311
292
1.07

3

Aritz Aduriz
2002–
Athletic Bilbao
155
407
0.38

4

Karim Benzema
2009–
Real Madrid
127
275
0.46

5

Antoine Griezmann
2010–
Atlético Madrid
119
282
0.42

text: Most hat-tricks in the League (at least 10)[edit]

text: Three or more goals in a single match. For the complete list of hat-tricks see List of La Liga hat-tricks.

text: Players in bold are still active

text: Players with at least 10 hat-tricks are shown in this table.

text:
Rank
Player
Hat-tricks
Last hat-trick

1
 Cristiano Ronaldo
34
10 February 2018

2
 Lionel Messi
30
29 April 2018

3
 Telmo Zarra
23
15 March 1953

4
 Alfredo di Stéfano
22
15 March 1964

5
 Mundo
19
4 March 1951

6
 César Rodríguez
15
19 October 1952

7
 Isidro Lángara
13
15 December 1946

8
 Ferenc Puskás
12
15 December 1963

9
 László Kubala
11
19 March 1961

 Pahiño
11
11 September 1955

 Manuel Badenes
11
29 March 1958

12
 Quini
10
7 October 1981

text: Source: BDFútbol

text: Most goals in a La Liga season (at least 30 goals)[edit]

text: Bold player name denotes current season.

text:
[hide]Rank
Nat
Name
Season
Club
Goals
Apps
Ratio

1

Lionel Messi
2011–12
Barcelona
50
37
1.351

2

Cristiano Ronaldo
2014–15
Real Madrid
48
35
1.371

3

Lionel Messi
2012–13
Barcelona
46
32
1.438

Cristiano Ronaldo
2011–12
Real Madrid
38
1.211

5

Lionel Messi
2014–15
Barcelona
43
38
1.132

6

Cristiano Ronaldo
2010–11
Real Madrid
40
34
1.176

Luis Suárez
2015–16
Barcelona
35
1.143

8

Telmo Zarra
1950–51
Athletic Bilbao
38
30
1.267

Hugo Sánchez
1989–90
Real Madrid
35
1.086

10

Lionel Messi
2016–17
Barcelona
37
34
1.088

11

Baltazar
1988–89
Atlético Madrid
35
36
0.972

Cristiano Ronaldo
2015–16
Real Madrid
36
0.972

13

Cristiano Ronaldo
2012–13
Real Madrid
34
34
1

Lionel Messi
2017–18
Barcelona
35
0.971

Lionel Messi
2009–10
Barcelona
35
0.971

Ronaldo
1996–97
Barcelona
37
0.919

Hugo Sánchez
1986–87
Real Madrid
41
0.829

18

Pruden
1940–41
Atlético Aviación
33
22
1.5

Telmo Zarra
1946–47
Athletic Bilbao
24
1.375

Toni Polster
1989–90
Sevilla
35
0.943

21

Diego Forlán
2008–09
Atlético Madrid
32
33
0.97

22

Alfredo Di Stéfano
1956–57
Real Madrid
31
30
1.033

Cristiano Ronaldo
2013–14
Real Madrid
30
1.033

Lionel Messi
2010–11
Barcelona
33
0.939

Juan Antonio Pizzi
1995–96
Tenerife
41
0.756

26

Mariano Martín
1942–43
Barcelona
30
23
1.304

Romário
1993–94
Barcelona
33
0.909

Samuel Eto'o
2008–09
Barcelona
36
0.833

text: Most goals in a season — all competitions (at least 40 goals)[edit]

text:
[hide]Rank
Nat
Name
Season
Club
Goals
Apps
Ratio

1

Lionel Messi
2011–12
Barcelona
73
60
1.217

2

Cristiano Ronaldo
2014–15
Real Madrid
61
54
1.13

3

Lionel Messi
2012–13
Barcelona
60
50
1.2

Cristiano Ronaldo
2011–12
Real Madrid
55
1.091

5

Luis Suárez
2015–16
Barcelona
59
53
1.113

6

Lionel Messi
2014–15
Barcelona
58
57
1.018

7

Cristiano Ronaldo
2012–13
Real Madrid
55
55
1

8

Lionel Messi
2016–17
Barcelona
54
52
1.038

9

Cristiano Ronaldo
2010–11
Real Madrid
53
54
0.981

Lionel Messi
2010–11
Barcelona
55
0.964

11

Cristiano Ronaldo
2013–14
Real Madrid
51
47
1.085

Cristiano Ronaldo
2015–16
Real Madrid
48
1.063

13

Ferenc Puskás
1959–60
Real Madrid
47
38
1.237

Ronaldo
1996–97
Barcelona
49
0.959

Lionel Messi
2009–10
Barcelona
53
0.887

16

Telmo Zarra
1950–51
Athletic Bilbao
46
36
1.278

17

Lionel Messi
2017–18
Barcelona
45
54
0.833

18

Cristiano Ronaldo
2017–18
Real Madrid
44
44
1

19

Alfredo Di Stéfano
1956–57
Real Madrid
43
43
1

20

Mariano Martín
1942–43
Barcelona
42
31
1.355

Ferenc Puskás
1960–61
Real Madrid
39
1.077

Hugo Sánchez
1989–90
Real Madrid
45
0.933

Baltazar
1988–89
Atlético Madrid
46
0.913

Cristiano Ronaldo
2016–17
Real Madrid
46
0.913

25

Lionel Messi
2013–14
Barcelona
41
46
0.891

Lionel Messi
2015–16
Barcelona
49
0.837

Hugo Sánchez
1986–87
Real Madrid
54
0.759

text: Goalkeeping[edit]

text: Top 5 longest goalkeeping runs without conceding a goal, all-time (Primera División only)

text:
Rank
Nat
Name
Season
Club
Minutes

1

Abel Resino
1990–91
Atlético Madrid
1275

2

Miguel Reina
1972–73
Barcelona
824

3

Edgardo Madinabeytia
1965–66
Atlético Madrid
793

4

Claudio Bravo
2013–14 to 2014–15
Real Sociedad, Barcelona
776

5

Luis Arconada
1979–80
Real Sociedad
753

text: Most appearances[edit]

text: Top 10 most appearances, all-time (Primera División)

text: Players in bold are still active

text:
[hide]Rank
Nat
Name
Years
Apps
Goals

1

Andoni Zubizarreta
1981–1998
622
0

2

Raúl
1994–2010
550
228

3

Eusebio Sacristán
1983–2002
543
36

4

Francisco Buyo
1980–1997
542
0

5

Manolo Sanchís
1983–2001
523
32

6

Iker Casillas
1999–2015
510
0

7

Xavi
1998–2015
505
58

8

Miquel Soler
1983–2003
504
12

9

Fernando Hierro
1987–2003
497
104

10

José Mari Bakero
1980–1997
483
139

text: Top 5 most appearances, still active (Primera División)

text:
Rank
Nat
Name
Years
Current club
Apps
Goals

1

Joaquín
2001–
Betis
471
65

2

Andrés Iniesta
2002–
Barcelona
429
35

3

Sergio Ramos
2004–
Real Madrid
417
51

4

Lionel Messi
2004–
Barcelona
415
381

5

Gabi
2004–
Atlético Madrid
412
21

text: Coaches[edit]

text: Coaches with most matches managed

text: Coaches in bold are still active in Primera Division

text:
[hide]Rank
Nat
Name
Years
Apps

1

Luis Aragonés
1974–2004
757

2

Javier Irureta
1988–2008
612

3

Miguel Muñoz
1958–1982
608

4

Víctor Fernández
1990–2015
544

5

Javier Clemente
1981–2012
511

6

Joaquín Caparrós
1999–2015
495

7

Ferdinand Daučík
1950–1971
488

8

John Toshack
1985–2004
480

9

Marcel Domingo
1958–1984
455

10

José María Maguregui
1973–1990
417

Ricardo Zamora
1939–1962

12

Miguel Ángel Lotina
1992–2012
416

13

Lorenzo Serra Ferrer
1983–2006
413

14

Gregorio Manzano
1999–2013
411

15

Radomir Antić
1988–2004
409

16

Luis Cid Carriega
1970–1986
397

17

José Manuel Díaz Novoa
1979–1998
394

18

Antonio Barrios
1949–1972
380

Pasieguito
1963–1982

20

Arsenio Iglesias
1971–1996
363

21

Helenio Herrera
1948–1981
359

22

Fernando Vázquez
1995–2013
357

23

Javier Aguirre
2002–2014
355

Ernesto Valverde
2003–

25

Roque Olsen
1962–1989
345

26

Jacinto Quincoces
1942–1960
337

27

Manuel Pellegrini
2004–2013
332

28

Víctor Espárrago
1987–2006
330

29

Unai Emery
2007–2016
323

30

Vicente Miera
1975–1997
321

text: Copa del Rey[edit]

text: Records in this section refers to Copa del Rey from its founding in 1902 through to the present.

text:
Most wins: 30, Barcelona (1910, 1912, 1913, 1920, 1922, 1925, 1926, 1928, 1942, 1951, 1952, 1953, 1957, 1959, 1963, 1968, 1971, 1978, 1981, 1983, 1988, 1990, 1997, 1998, 2009, 2012, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[150]
Most consecutive wins: 4, joint record:

Barcelona (2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[150]
Athletic Bilbao (1930, 1931, 1932, 1933)[150]
Real Madrid (1905, 1906, 1907, 1908)[150]

Most consecutive finals played: 5, Barcelona (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[150]
Most finals played: 40, Barcelona (1910, 1912, 1913, 1919, 1920, 1922, 1925, 1926, 1928, 1932, 1936, 1942, 1951, 1952, 1953, 1954, 1957, 1959, 1963, 1968, 1971, 1974, 1978, 1981, 1983, 1984, 1986, 1988, 1990, 1996, 1997, 1998, 2009, 2011, 2012, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[150]
Most finals without winning: 4, Celta Vigo (1908, 1948, 1994, 2001)[150]
Most finals without losing: 2, Deportivo (1995, 2002)[150]
Biggest win in a final: joint record

Barcelona 5–0 Sevilla (2018)[151]
Athletic Bilbao 5–0 Espanyol (1915)[152]
Real Madrid 6–1 Castilla (1980)[153]

Most goals in a final: 8, Sevilla 6–2 Racing de Ferrol (1939)[154]
Most goals by a losing side: 3, joint record:

Athletic Bilbao losing 4–3 against Barcelona 1942[155]
Valencia losing 4–3 against Barcelona 1971[156]

Most consecutive rounds won: 20, Barcelona (16 December 2014 and onging)[157]
Biggest home win: Real Murcia 14 – 0 Cieza Promesas (First Round, 10 September 1991–92 Copa del Rey)[158]
Biggest away win: CD Don Benito 0 – 13 Celta Vigo (First Round, 10 April 1932 Copa del Rey). The game was played at Celta Vigo Balaídos stadium[158]
Biggest winning scoreline: Celta Vigo 22 - 0 Don Benito (First Round 1932 Copa del Rey)[158]
Longest penalty shootout: 28, Joint Record:

Real Ávila 12 – 13 Real Burgos (29 September 1986–87 Copa del Rey)[159]
Córdoba 12 – 13 Deportivo (11 September 2012–13 Copa del Rey)[159]

text: Copa del Rey top goalscorers (top 10)[edit]

text: Players in bold are still active

text:
[hide]Rank
Name
Nat.
Pos.
Years
Goals
Total
Ref.

1
Zarra, TelmoTelmo Zarra

FW
1939–1957
81 Athletic Bilbao
81
[160]

2
Samitier, JosepJosep Samitier

MF
1919–1934
65 Barcelona + 5 Real Madrid
70
[161]

3
Gorostiza, GuillermoGuillermo Gorostiza

FW
1929–1946
37 Athletic Bilbao + 25 Valencia
62
[162]

4
Quini, Quini

FW
1968–1987
38 Sporting Gijón + 17 Barcelona
55

5
Suárez, EdmundoEdmundo Suárez

FW
1939–1950
52 Valencia
52
[163]

6
Puskás, FerencFerenc Puskás

FW
1958–1962
49 Real Madrid
49
[164]

Kubala, LászlóLászló Kubala

FW
1951–1965
49 Barcelona
49

8
Messi, LionelLionel Messi

FW
2005–Present
48 Barcelona
48

Santillana, Santillana

FW
1970–1988
48 Real Madrid
48
[165]

10
Rodríguez, CésarCésar Rodríguez

FW
1939–1960
3 Granada + 36 Barcelona + 8 Elche
47

text: Individual[edit]

text:
Most wins: 7, Agustín Gaínza (Athletic Bilbao) (1943, 1944, 1945, 1950, 1955, 1956, 1958)[150]
Most appearances: 104, Andoni Zubizarreta (Athletic Bilbao, Barcelona and Valencia CF)
Most appearances at one club: 99, Agustín Gaínza (Athletic Bilbao)[166]
Most appearances in a final: 9, Agustín Gaínza (Athletic Bilbao) (1943, 1944, 1945, 1949, 1950, 1953, 1955, 1956, 1958) and Bernd Schuster (Barcelona, Real Madrid and Atletico Madrid) (1981, 1983, 1984, 1986, 1988, 1989, 1990, 1991, 1992)[150]
Most goals scored: 81, Telmo Zarra (Athletic Bilbao)[167]
Most goals scored in one game: 8, Agustín Gaínza (Athletic Bilbao) 12-1 against Celta Vigo 18 May 1947[168]
Most goals scored in one season: 21, Josep Samitier (Barcelona) 1928[169][170]
Most goals scored in a final: 4, Telmo Zarra (Athletic Bilbao) 1950[150]
Most goals scored in finals: 8, Telmo Zarra (Athletic Bilbao)[150]
Most finals scored in: 5, Lionel Messi (2009, 2012, 2015, 2017, 2018) and Telmo Zarra (Athletic Bilbao) (1942, 1943, 1944, 1945, 1950)[150][171]
Most consecutive finals scored in: 4, Telmo Zarra (Athletic Bilbao) (1942, 1943, 1944, 1945)[150]
Most assists provided in finals: 6, Lionel Messi (1 in 2009, 2 in 2016, 1 in 2017, 2 in 2018)

text: Most successful clubs overall (official titles, 1903–present)[edit]

text: The following table includes official Spanish, European and worldwide competitions organized respectively by RFEF, UEFA and FIFA since 1903.[172][173][174]

text: Key[edit]

text:
Domestic competitions[175]

1ª
La Liga

CR
Copa de S.M. el Rey

SCE
Supercopa de España

CED
Copa Eva Duarte (Defunct)

CLI
Copa de la Liga (Defunct)

European competitions[176]

UCL
UEFA Champions League, formerly European Champion Clubs' Cup

UCWC
UEFA Cup Winners' Cup (Defunct)

UEL
UEFA Europa League, formerly UEFA Cup

ICFC
Inter-Cities Fairs Cup (Defunct) (Not organized by UEFA, but recognized as the unofficial predecessor to the UEL and acknowledged by FIFA as a major trophy.)[177]

USC
UEFA Super Cup

UIC
UEFA Intertoto Cup (Defunct)

Worldwide competitions[178]

FCWC
FIFA Club World Cup

IC
Intercontinental Cup (Defunct) (Predecessor to FCWC) (Organized by UEFA and CONMEBOL)

text: Performance by club[edit]

text: (Sorted by overall titles. Use sorting button to change criteria.)

text:
[hide]Team
[179]
Domestic titles
European titles/Worldwide titles
Total

1ª
CR
[180]
SCE
CED
[181]
CLI
Total
UCL
[182]
UCWC
[183]
UEL
[184]
ICFC
[185]
USC
UIC
[186]
FCWC
IC[187]
Total
Total[188]

Barcelona
25
30
12
3
2
72
5
4

3
5

3

20
92

Real Madrid
33
19
10
1
1
64
13

2

4

3
3
25
89

Athletic Bilbao
8
23
2
1

34

34

Atlético Madrid
10
10
2
1

23

1
3

2

1
7
30

Valencia
6
7
1
1

15

1
1
2
2
1

7
22

Sevilla
1
5
1

7

5

1

6
13

Real Zaragoza

6
1

7

1

1

2
9

Deportivo
1
2
3

6

6

Real Sociedad
2
2
1

5

5

Espanyol

4

4

4

Real Unión

4

4

4

Real Betis
1
2

3

3

Mallorca

1
1

2

2

Villarreal

2

2
2

Arenas Club

1

1

1

Club Bizcaya

1

1

1

Valladolid

1
1

1

Celta Vigo

1

1
1

Málaga

1

1
1

text: The figures in bold represent the most times this competition has been won by a Spanish team.


document_title: Stuck in the Middle (TV series)

question_text: when does the new season of stuck in the middle start

root

text: Stuck in the Middle (TV series)

text: Plot[edit]

text: Set in Massachusetts,[1] in the fictional town of Marshport, the series tells the story of the Diaz family, specifically focusing on Harley, the middle of the seven children. Harley makes her way using her creativity to deal with living in a large family.

tag: p

text: Characters[edit]

text: Main[edit]

text:
Harley Diaz (Jenna Ortega) is the middle of seven children and a young engineering prodigy. She is the central character in the series and views herself as an inventor. Some of her known inventions are the Conveyor Belt Table, the Slushinator, the Skate Kite, and a snow machine. In "Stuck in the Sweet Seat", it is revealed it is her 13th birthday. A significant feature is that she tends to break the fourth wall to tell the viewers something about the situation.
Rachel Diaz (Ronni Hawk) is the oldest of the seven children and Harley's vain older sister. In "Stuck with No Rules", it is revealed that she is 16.
Ethan Diaz (Isaak Presley) is Harley's oldest brother and her partner-in-crime; she refers to him as her "best friend in the family". He is an aspiring musician. In "Stuck in the Sweet Seat", it is implied that he is the third oldest of the seven, behind Rachel and Georgie.
Daphne Diaz (Ariana Greenblatt) is the youngest of the seven children and Harley's younger sister. She enjoys having tea time with her dolls. In "Stuck with No Rules", it is revealed that Daphne can easily retaliate against anyone who takes things from her without getting her approval first.
Georgie Diaz (Kayla Maisonet) is one of Harley's older sisters and the second oldest of the seven as implied in "Stuck in the Sweet Seat". She is a basketball player at her school and does an assortment of other sports as well.
Lewie Diaz (Nicolas Bechtel)[Note 1] is one of Harley's two younger brothers and Beast's twin. It is revealed in "Stuck in the Beast-Day Party" that Lewie is older than Beast by five minutes.
Beast Diaz (Malachi Barton)[Note 1] is one of Harley's two younger brothers and Lewie's twin.
Suzy Diaz (Cerina Vincent) is Harley's quirky mother who rarely has any alone time from her children and tends to spend it in the most unlikely places.
Tom Diaz (Joe Nieves) is Harley's father who operates a marina store, called "Tom's Bait and Bite", which sells camping and fishing equipment.

tag: ul

text: Recurring[edit]

text:
Bethany Peters (Lauren Pritchard) is a neighbor of the Diaz family who regularly criticizes Suzy and Tom's parenting of their children and is often annoyed with the antics of Lewie and Beast. She is a protective mother to her daughter Ellie whom she never lets have any fun as seen in "Stuck in the Block Party".
Ellie Peters (Lulu Lambros) is Bethany's daughter and Harley's best friend. She is on the same basketball team as Georgie. In "Stuck in Harley's Comet", it is revealed that Ellie is afraid of heights, darkness, and birds. In "Stuck with a Bad Influence," Ellie is sent to a boarding school by her mother.
Cuff (Brett Pierce) is an irresponsible teenager who is Rachel's boyfriend and is disliked by Tom. When Cuff works briefly at "Tom's Bait and Bite" in "Stuck with My Sister's Boyfriend", his real first name is revealed to be Warren. He has only appeared in the first season.

text: Notes[edit]

text: ^ Jump up to: a b Malachi Barton is credited before Nicolas Bechtel in the Stuck in the Middle pilot episode, but Bechtel is credited before Barton in all subsequent episodes starting with "Stuck in the Sweet Seat".

tag: ol

text: Production[edit]

text: Production on the series began in November 2015.[2] A preview of Stuck in the Middle aired on Disney Channel on February 14, 2016.[3] Additional episodes began airing on March 11, 2016.

text: Disney Channel renewed Stuck in the Middle for a second season on June 15, 2016.[4] The second season premiered on February 3, 2017. The series was renewed for a third season by Disney Channel on August 31, 2017.[5]

text: Episodes[edit]

text:
Season
Episodes
Originally aired

First aired
Last aired

1
17
February 14, 2016 (2016-02-14)
July 22, 2016 (2016-07-22)

2
20
February 3, 2017 (2017-02-03)
October 27, 2017 (2017-10-27)

3
TBA
December 8, 2017 (2017-12-08)
TBA

tag: table

text: Ratings[edit]

text:
Season
Episodes
First aired
Last aired
Avg. viewers
(millions)

Date
Viewers
(millions)
Date
Viewers
(millions)

1
17
February 14, 2016 (2016-02-14)
2.81[6]
July 22, 2016 (2016-07-22)
2.06[7]
1.60

2
20
February 3, 2017 (2017-02-03)
2.13[8]
TBA
TBD
1.19

3
TBA
December 8, 2017 (2017-12-08)
TBD
TBA
TBD
TBD

text: Awards and nominations[edit]

text:
Year
Award
Category
Result
Ref.

2017
Kids' Choice Awards Mexico
Favorite International Program
Nominated
[9]

Kids' Choice Awards Colombia
Favorite International Program
Nominated
[10]

Kids' Choice Awards Argentina
Favorite International Program
Nominated
[11]

text: Broadcast[edit]

text: The series first premiered 15 minutes before the first airing in the U.S. on Disney Channel in Canada as a special on February 14, 2016. The series premiered on Watch Disney Channel and Disney Channel on Demand on February 15, 2016. The series began airing regularly on March 11, 2016, airing at the same time as the United States.[12]


document_title: Theme from New York, New York

question_text: when did frank sinatra release new york new york

text: Theme from New York, New York

text: History[edit]

text: In 1979, "Theme from New York, New York" was re-recorded by Frank Sinatra for his album Trilogy: Past Present Future (1980), and has since become closely associated with him. He occasionally performed it live with Minnelli as a duet. Sinatra recorded it a second time for his 1993 album Duets, with Tony Bennett.

text: The first line of the song is:

text: Start spreadin' the news, I'm leaving todayI want to be a part of it: New York, New York.

text: Within are two similar lines:[1]

text:
I wanna wake up in a city that doesn't sleep
I want to wake up in a city that never sleeps

text: The song concludes with the line:

text: If I can make it there, I'm gonna make it anywhere,It's up to you, New York, New York.

text: Minnelli's original recording of the song (also used in the Tony Bennett version in Duets) uses the following closing line:

text: If I can make it there, I'll make it anywhere,Come on come through, New York, New York.

text: It should not be confused with the song "New York, New York", from Leonard Bernstein/Adolph Green/Betty Comden's musical On the Town (1944), which features the lyric "New York, New York, it’s a helluva town / The Bronx is up and the Battery's down..."

text: Composers Kander and Ebb stated on the A&E Biography episode about Liza Minnelli, that they attribute the song's success to actor Robert De Niro, who rejected their original theme for the film because he thought it was "too weak".

text: The song did not become a popular hit until it was picked up in concert by Frank Sinatra during his performances at Radio City Music Hall in October 1978. (It was not even nominated for the Academy Award for 'Best Song'). Subsequently, Sinatra recorded it in 1979 for his 1980 Trilogy set (Reprise Records), and it became one of his signature songs. The single peaked at #32 in June 1980, becoming his final Top Forty charting hit. It was also an Adult Contemporary hit, reaching #10 in the US[2] and #2 in Canada.[3] The song made a minor showing in the UK (#59), however, recharted several years later and reached #4 in 1986. Sinatra made two more studio recordings of the song in 1981 (for his NBC TV special The Man and His Music) and 1993 (for Capitol Records). From the latter, an electronic duet with Tony Bennett was produced for Sinatra's Duets album.

text: The lyrics of the Sinatra versions differ slightly from Ebb's original lyrics. Notably, the phrase "A-number-one", which does not appear at all in the original lyrics, is sung twice at the song's rallentando climax. (Ebb has said he "didn't even like" Sinatra's use of "A-number-one").[4] The phrase is both the first and fourth on a list of three superlative titles the singer strives to achieve — "A-number-one, top of the list, king of the hill, A-number-one" — where Ebb's original lyrics (performed by Minnelli) were "king of the hill, head of the list, cream of the crop, at the top of the heap."

text: Despite Sinatra's version becoming more familiar, original singer Minnelli had two of the tune's most memorable live performances – during the July 4, 1986 ceremony marking the rededication of the Statue of Liberty after extensive renovations, and in the middle of the seventh inning of a New York Mets game, that was the first pro sports event in the metro area after the September 11, 2001 attacks. She also sang it in the Olympic stadium during the 1984 Summer Olympics, accompanied by 24 pianos and strobe lights.

text: Chart history[edit]

text:
Chart (1977)

Peakposition

U.S. Billboard Bubbling Under the Hot 100[5]

104

text:
Chart (1980)

Peakposition

Canada RPM Adult Contemporary[6]

2

UK [7]

59

U.S. Billboard Hot 100[8]

32

U.S. Billboard Adult Contemporary[9]

10

U.S. Cash Box Top 100[10]

35

Chart (1986)

Peakposition

Ireland (IRMA)[11]

4

UK

4

text: Certifications[edit]

text:
Region

Certification
Certified units/Sales

United Kingdom (BPI)[12]

Silver

250,000^

^shipments figures based on certification alone

text: In popular culture[edit]

text: The song has been embraced as a celebration of New York City, and is often heard at New York-area social events, such as weddings and bar mitzvahs. Many sports teams in the New York area have played this song in their arenas/stadiums, but the New York Yankees are the most prominent example. It has been played over the loudspeakers at both the original and current Yankee Stadiums at the end of every Yankee home game since July 1980. Originally, Sinatra's version was played after a Yankees win, and the Minnelli version after a loss.[13] However, due to a complaint from Minnelli, the Sinatra version is now heard regardless of the game's outcome.[14] As of the 2005 season, at the Richmond County Bank Ballpark following Staten Island Yankees games, the Sinatra version is heard regardless of the game's outcome, and was formerly done at Shea Stadium at the end of New York Mets games after the September 11, 2001 attack. Previously, Mets fans felt it was a "Yankee song", and began booing it when it was played. It actually first had snippets of the song played after World Series home runs by Ray Knight and Darryl Strawberry during Game 7 of the 1986 World Series. The song is also sometimes played at New York Knicks games. The Sinatra version is played at the end of every New York Rangers game at Madison Square Garden. It was played at the opening faceoff of Game 7 of the 1994 Stanley Cup Finals at the Garden.[15] The song has also been the post parade song for the Belmont Stakes from 1997 to 2009,[16] and again from 2011 to the present.[17] Sinatra's version of the song has been played at the end of all four Super Bowls that the New York Giants have won to date, as well as before kickoff of Super Bowl XLVIII, while Minnelli's version was heard after the Giants' Super Bowl XXXV loss.

text: The song was the musical basis for Jimmy Picker's 1983 three-minute animated short, Sundae in New York, which won the Academy Award for Best Short Film (Animated) that year, with a likeness of then-mayor Ed Koch somewhat stumbling through the song, with clay caricatures of New York-based celebrities (including Alfred E. Neuman) and finishing the song with "Basically I think New York is very therapeutic. Hey, an apple a day is... uh... great for one's constitution!" and burying his face in a big banana split with "THE END" written on his bald head. (Koch used the same rallentando climax Sinatra used, albeit with one big difference: "A-number one, top of the list, king of the hill..." followed by his impression of Groucho Marx completing, "...and incidentally a heckuva nice guy!")[18]

text: An instrumental version of the song is used as the main theme music for NBC's broadcasts of the Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade. It is also played during the annual Times Square New Year's Day celebrations, immediately after "Auld Lang Syne" and the ball drop.[19]

text: Queen covered the song for the 1986 fantasy film Highlander. Unlike the other songs recorded for the film, it has never appeared on a Queen album.

text: The song is performed by Brain Gremlin in the 1990 sequel Gremlins 2: The New Batch.

text: In Arrested Development episode 8 of season 2, which aired in January 2005, Tobias, played by David Cross, starts singing the song in his newly bought club. Lucille 2, played by Liza Minnelli, who's in the audience comments "Everyone thinks they're Frank Sinatra."

text: In DreamWorks' Madagascar (2005), the song is introduced in Central Park Zoo, and Marty later sings the song in the midst of Alex the Lion's delirium.[20]

text: In 2013, the song was played at the funeral of former New York City Mayor Ed Koch.[21]

text: Parodies[edit]

text:
Swedish comedy group Galenskaparna och After Shave made a version of the song in 1985, called "Borås, Borås", about a Borås, the mail order center of Sweden.
Martin Short sang a parody, "North Pole, North Pole", in the 2006 film The Santa Clause 3: The Escape Clause.
Stephen Colbert sang a parody of the song on the 10 June 2014 episode of The Colbert Report. His version talked about New York Gov. Andrew Cuomo's role in the state's success in a hockey tournament.
Professional wrestling team The New Day sang a parody on an episode of WWE Raw the night after they won the Tag Team Championships at SummerSlam in 2015. The episode was filmed at the Barclays Center in Brooklyn.
In concert, Michael Feinstein often sings parody lyrics regarding his hatred of this song.


document_title: Authorship of the Epistle to the Hebrews

question_text: who was the author of the book of hebrews in the bible

text: Ancient views[edit]

text:
The Epistle to the Hebrews was included in the collected writings of Paul from a very early date. For example, the late second-century or early third-century codex

P

{\displaystyle {\mathfrak {P}}}

46, a volume of Paul's general epistles, includes Hebrews immediately after Romans.[3]

text: While the assumption of Pauline authorship readily allowed its acceptance in the Eastern Church, doubts persisted in the West.[4]

text: Eusebius did not directly list the Epistle to the Hebrews among the antilegomena or disputed books (though he included the unrelated Gospel of the Hebrews).[5] However, he did record that "some have rejected the Epistle to the Hebrews, saying that it is disputed by the church of Rome, on the ground that it was not written by Paul."[6] He also recorded the views of Clement of Alexandria, that it was written by Paul in Hebrew and later translated into Greek, possibly by Luke.[7]

text: Doubts about Pauline authorship were raised around the end of the second century, predominantly in the West. Tertullian attributed the epistle to Barnabas.[8] Both Gaius of Rome[9] and Hippolytus[10] excluded Hebrews from the works of Paul, the latter attributing it to Clement of Rome.[11] Origen noted that others had claimed Clement or Luke as the author, but he tentatively accepted Pauline authorship and the explanation of Clement of Alexandria.[12]

text: Jerome, aware of such lingering doubts,[13] included the epistle in his Vulgate but moved it to the end of Paul's writings. Augustine affirmed Paul's authorship and vigorously defended the epistle. By then its acceptance in the New Testament canon was well settled.

text: Modern views[edit]

text: In general, the evidence against Pauline authorship is considered too solid for scholarly dispute. Donald Guthrie, in his New Testament Introduction (1976), commented that "most modern writers find more difficulty in imagining how this Epistle was ever attributed to Paul [instead of] disposing of the theory." Harold Attridge tells us that "it is certainly not a work of the apostle".[14] Daniel Wallace, who holds to the traditional authorship of the other epistles, states that "the arguments against Pauline authorship, however, are conclusive."[15] As a result, although a few people today believe Paul wrote Hebrews, such as theologian R.C. Sproul,[16] contemporary scholars generally reject Pauline authorship.[17] As Richard Heard notes, in his Introduction to the New Testament, "modern critics have confirmed that the epistle cannot be attributed to Paul and have for the most part agreed with Origen's judgement, 'But as to who wrote the epistle, only God knows the truth.'"[18]

text: Attridge argues that similarities with Paul's work are simply a product of a shared usage of traditional concepts and language. Others, however, have suggested that they are not accidental, and that the work is a deliberate forgery attempting to pass itself off as a work of Paul.[19][20]

text: Internal evidence[edit]

text: Internal anonymity[edit]

text: The text as it has been passed down to the present time is internally anonymous, though some older title headings attribute it to the Apostle Paul.

text: Stylistic differences from Paul[edit]

text: The style is notably different from the rest of Paul's epistles, a characteristic noted by Clement of Alexandria (c. 210), who argued, according to Eusebius, that the original letter had a Jewish audience and was written in Hebrew and later translated into Greek, "some say [by] the evangelist Luke, others... [by] Clement [of Rome]... The second suggestion is more convincing, in view of the similarity of phraseology shown throughout by the Epistle of Clement and the Epistle to the Hebrews, and in absence of any great difference between the two works in the underlying thought." He concluded that "as a result of this translation, the same complexion of style is found in this Epistle and in the Acts: but that the [words] 'Paul an apostle' were naturally not prefixed. For, he says, 'in writing to Hebrews who had conceived a prejudice against him and were suspicious of him, he very wisely did not repel them at the beginning by putting his name.'"[21]

text: This stylistic difference has led Martin Luther and Lutheran churches to refer to Hebrews as one of the antilegomena,[22] one of the books whose authenticity and usefulness was questioned. As a result, it is placed with James, Jude, and Revelation, at the end of Luther's canon.

text: Stylistic similarities to Paul[edit]

text: Some theologians and groups, such as Jehovah's Witnesses, who continue to maintain Pauline authorship, repeat the opinion of Eusebius that Paul omitted his name because he, the Apostle to the Gentiles, was writing to the Jews.[23][24][25] They conjecture that Jews would have likely dismissed the letter if they had known Paul to be the source. They theorize that the stylistic differences from Paul’s other letters are attributed to his writing in Hebrew to the Hebrews, and that the letter was translated into Greek by Luke.[23]

text: The epistle contains Paul's classic closing greeting, "Grace...be with you..." as he stated explicitly in 2 Thessalonians 3:17-18 and as implied in 1 Corinthians 16:21-24 and Colossians 4:18. This closing greeting is included at the end of each of Paul's letters.

text: In the 13th chapter of Hebrews, Timothy is referred to as a companion. Timothy was Paul's missionary companion in the same way Jesus sent disciples out in pairs. Also, the writer states that he wrote the letter from "Italy", which also at the time fits Paul.[26] The difference in style is explained as simply an adjustment to a more specific audience, to the Jewish Christians who were being persecuted and pressured to go back to old Judaism.[24][25][27][28]

text: Although the writing style varies from Paul in a number of ways, some similarities in wordings to some of the Pauline epistles have been noted. In antiquity, some began to ascribe it to Paul in an attempt to provide the anonymous work an explicit apostolic pedigree.[29]

text: Other possible authors[edit]

text: Priscilla[edit]

text: In more recent times, some scholars have advanced a case for Priscilla having been the author of the Epistle to the Hebrews. This suggestion came from Adolf von Harnack in 1900. Harnack claimed that the Epistle was "written to Rome—not to the church, but to the inner circle"; that the earliest tradition 'blotted out' the name of the author; that "we must look for a person who was intimately associated with Paul and Timothy, as the author" and that Priscilla matched this description.[30]

text: Ruth Hoppin provides considerable support for her conviction that Priscilla had written the Epistle to the Hebrews.[31] She maintains that Priscilla "meets every qualification, matches every clue, and looms ubiquitous in every line of investigation". She suggests that the masculine participle may have been altered by a scribe, or that the author was deliberately using a neutral participle "as a kind of abstraction".[32]

text: Barnabas[edit]

text: Tertullian (On Modesty 20) suggested Barnabas as the author: "For there is extant withal an Epistle to the Hebrews under the name of Barnabas—a man sufficiently accredited by God, as being one whom Paul has stationed next to himself…". Internal considerations suggest the author was male, was an acquaintance of Timothy, and was located in Italy. Barnabas, to whom some noncanonical works have been attributed (such as Epistle of Barnabas), was close to Paul in his ministry.

text: Luke, Clement, Apollos[edit]

text: Other possible authors were suggested as early as the third century CE. Origen of Alexandria (c. 240) suggested either Luke the Evangelist or Clement of Rome.[33] Martin Luther proposed Apollos, described as an Alexandrian and "a learned man", popular in Corinth, and adept at using the scriptures and arguing for Christianity while "refuting the Jews".[34][35][36]


document_title: Postage stamps and postal history of Pakistan

question_text: when was the first pakistani postal stamp issued

question_tokens: when was the first pakistani postal stamp issued

text: Postage stamps and postal history of Pakistan

text: History[edit]

text: 1947 to 1971[edit]

text: At the time of independence in August 1947, the country inherited a divided (east and west) postal system established by the British rulers. The new system started operating under the modified Post Office Act no VI of 1898.[3] The post office was part of the joint Department of Posts and Telegraph of the Ministry of Communications. Though the Office of the Postmaster General became operational at Lahore from 15 August 1947,[3] the newly formed government was too preoccupied with establishing itself, therefore British Indian stamps continued to be used without an overprint as was the practice in other countries.[1]

text: On 1 October 1947, the government released its first stamps, being from the 1940s British India series of King George VI stamps overprinted with the word Pakistan.[4] Known as the Nasik Overprints, after the place near Mumbai, India, where they were overprinted, this set consists of 19 stamps.[5] These Nasik overprints were also used in some Gulf states, both officially and unofficial. At the time of independence, the postal system of some of these areas was run from Karachi, and therefore, they became the responsibility of the new government.[6] Officially these stamps were used in Muscat and Oman and its protectorate of Gwadar (on Pakistan's Baluchistan coast) and Dubai. Muscat used these stamps for a period of only 3 months from 29 December 1947 to 31 March 1948.[6] Gwadar used this issue and various other commemorative ones until 1958.[6] Dubai used these stamps from October 1947 until the end of March 1948.[6]

text: In November 1947, Pakistan joined the Universal Postal Union as its 89th member.[7] Nine months later on 9 July 1948, the government released its first commemorative set for the country's first anniversary which consisted of 4 stamps. The stamps were inscribed "15 August 1947" because of the prevailing confusing as to which date was Pakistan's actual date of independence.[8] It wasn't until early 1949, that this confusion was cleared by declaring 14 August as independence day.[9] The first day cancellation for this issue was the country's first special pictorial postmark.[10]

text: 14 August 1948 saw the released of the first definitive set consisting of 20 stamps. This set depicted scales of justice (3)(SG 24-26); crescent and star (3) (SG 27-29); Lloyd's Barrage (now Sukkur Barrage)(3)(SG 30); Karachi Port Trust building (5); Salimullah Hostel, Dacca University (now in Bangladesh)(3) and the Khyber Pass (3)(SG 41-43). These were withdrawn from sale on 1 January 1961.[9]

text: The centenary of Scinde Dawks was commemorated in 1952 with the release of a set of two stamps (SG 63, 64). These depicted the actual stamps plus advances in transportation since their release.

text: The authorities have to date issued only four booklets, with the only regular issue, released in 1956.[11] Released on 23 March 1956, the first booklet was also the only time a private company, in this case Atco Industries, makers of Alladin battery cells, had sponsored a booklet.[12] It contained 24 stamps of two denominations, 6 pies (SG 65) and 1 ½anna (SG 68), from the 7th anniversary set of 1954. Each pane was separated by interleaving of butter paper.[11] The booklet was priced at Rs. 1/8 and 10,000 booklets were printed.[11]

text: Currency change[edit]

text: In 1961, the government decided to introduce decimal currency into the country. This necessitated the surcharging of stamps to reflect this change. Six stamps were chosen from various issues and overprinted with the following denominations: 1 paisa, 2 paisas, 3 paisas, 7 paisas, 13 paisas (2 designs). Their printing was divided between two local printers, both based in Karachi: Pakistan Security Printing Corporation (PSPC) and Time Press, Karachi. Times Press used many plates for printing which resulted in varieties and shifts. Service stamps with decimal surcharges were also printed by the same printers. Forgeries in this issue exist in such numbers that they make the average person think that there are more errors and varieties than in fact.[13] In the 2 paisas Service stamps, errors including service on front and surcharge on gum side are forgeries.[14]

text: Independent Department[edit]

text: In July 1962, the government bifurcated the old department[15] and independently placed the postal service under the Ministry of Communications.

text: To speed up the sorting of mail, during the 1960s, the post office installed five Thrisell Electro Magnetic Sorting Machines in Karachi and Lahore.[16] However, during the 1980s their use was stopped.

text: 1972 to date[edit]

text: 1972 was the beginning of a new period in the country's postal history with the eastern wing lost in the 1971 War. However, the post office continued to use three languages on stamps until the end of the year.

text: From August 1986, a number of special services were introduced within the country. These included Air Express (Airex) (2 August 1986);[17] Urgent Mail Service (UMS) (1 January 1987);[17][18] local packet and parcel service[18] or Local Express Delivery (LES) (22 April 1987);[17] International Speed Post (ISP) (1 September 1986)[17] and Postal Giro Service (15 March 1988)[17]

text: In January 1988, 5 digit postcodes were introduce in the country[18][19] to facilitate delivery.

text: On 14 August 1990, the government released its largest set (SG 801-827) on pioneers of freedom. Designed by Saeed Akhtar it was released in 3 sheets of 9 stamps.

text: To improve and expedite the transmission and delivery of international mail, a new office was constructed in Islamabad which started working in December 1990.[20] This helped to reduce pressure on the office in Karachi.

text: From 1991, Express Mail was sub contracted at Karachi.[18]

text: Pakistan Postal Services Corporation[edit]

text: Between 1 August 1992 and 6 July 1996, the post office was separated from the Ministry and made an independent corporation.[21] It was during this period that philately was first commercialised.[18]

text: Pakistan Post[edit]

text: In 2001, the government raises basic inland postage rates from Rs. 2 to Rs. 4.

text: In 2002, Pakistan Postal Services Management Board was created.[22]

text: Ministry of Postal Services[edit]

text: On 3 November 2008, the department was placed under the postal division of the newly created Ministry of Postal Services.[22] Senator Israr Ullah Zehri was appointed its first minister.

text: The first stamp issued under the new ministry was released on 10 December 2008, to honour the awarding of UN Human Rights Award to Benazir Bhutto.[23]

text: In November 2009, the government again raised minimum postage by 100% to Rs. 8.[24] To improve services, the Post Office has implemented a plan to establish 100 express centres throughout the country by June 2010.[25] These will includes centres at Hyderabad, Islamabad (1)[25] Karachi, Lahore (6),[26] Multan, Peshawar, Quetta, Rawalpindi (6)[25] and Sukkur and provide a number of services under one roof.

text: Postage Stamps[edit]

text: Nasik Overprints[edit]

text: Definitives[edit]

text: Over the last 60 years, 17 definitive or regular series have been issued. The first series was issued on 14 August 1948 and consisted of 20 stamps. These stamps featured scales of justice (3)(SG 24-26); crescent and star (3) (SG 27-29); Lloyd's Barrage (now Sukkur Barrage)(3)(SG 30); Karachi Port Trust building (5); Salimullah Hostel, Dacca University (3) and the Khyber Pass (3)(SG 41-43). Mian Mahmood Alam Suharwardy gave 2 designs for this set: scale of justice (SG 24,25,26) and star and crescent (SG 27,28,29).[27] These along with the 1949 redrawn series, were withdrawn from sale on 1 January 1961.[9]

text: The 1951, 1954, 1955 and 1956 Independence Anniversary issues were all basically definitive series.[9] During this time, these stamps featured the Badshahi Mosque and Jahangir's Tomb in Lahore; the Kaghan Valley and the mountains around Gilgit; tea gardens, jute fields and Karnaphuli Paper Mill in East Pakistan (now Bangladesh) and a textile mill, cotton fields and a Sui Gas Plant in West Pakistan.

text: The 1957, 1958 and 1960 Republic Day (23 March) issues were also definitives.[28] Since then 10 further series have been issued, with the latest in 1998. The 1978 series was printed with both gum Arabic and PVA gum,[29] though the PVA issue had only 17 stamps compared to 18 for gum Arabic.[30] These stamps featured the Minar-e-Pakistan (3); tractors (9 Gum Arabic, 8 Gum PVA) and Makli tombs (6). Of the last four series, three in 1989, 1994 and 1998, feature different portraits of the Quaid. The fourth in 1995 featured a geometric design.

text: First commemorative issue[edit]

text: The first commemorative issue was released in July 1948 for the country's first anniversary. Three of the four stamps depicted places from West Pakistan while the fourth stamp depicted a motif. The places were: Constituent Assembly Building, Karachi (1 ½ annas), Karachi airport (2 ½ annas) and Lahore Fort (3 annas). The stamps were inscribed "15th August 1947" because of the prevailing confusing as to which date was Pakistan's actual date of independence.[8] It wasn't until early 1949, that this confusion was cleared by declaring 14 August as independence day.[9] The artist, A.R. Chughtai was also amongst Pakistan's first stamp designers having designed the Re 1 motif stamp. The other stamps were designed by Rashiduddin (1 ½ anna and 3 anna) and M. Latif 2 ½ anna).[27] This set was printed in London by Thomas De La Rue Company as the country did not have its own printing press.[4]

text: Decimal Surcharges[edit]

text: In 1961, the government decided to introduce decimal coinage into the country. This necessitated the surcharging of stamps to reflect this change. Six stamps were chosen from various issues as follows:

text:
1 paisa (SG 122) on 1 ½ anna stamp (SG 68) from the 7th Anniversary of independence set released on 14 August 1954. It depicted Jahangir's Tomb in Lahore.
2 paisas (SG 123) on 3 pie stamp (SG 24a) from the first regular series crescent and star facing north east released on 14 August 1948. Scales of Justice were depicted on this stamp.
3 paisas (SG 124) on 6 pies stamp (SG 108) from the Jammu and Kashmir definitive set released on 23 March 1960. Stamp depicted a map of Pakistan.
7 paisas (SG 125) on 1 anna stamp (SG 67) from the 7th Anniversary of independence set released on 14 August 1954. The Badshahi Mosque, Lahore stamp was chosen from this series.
13 paisas (SG 126)on 2 anna stamp (SG 83) from the 9th Anniversary of independence set released on 14 August 1956. Stamp showed a crescent and star.
13 paisas (SG 127)on 2 anna stamp (SG 109) from the Jammu and Kashmir definitive set released on 23 March 1960. Stamp depicted a map of Pakistan with Jammu and Kashimir's status as not yet determined.

text: The printing of these stamps was divided between two printers: Pakistan Security Printing Corporation (PSPC) and Time Press, Karachi. The former printed the 2 paisa, 3 paisa and 13 paisa (SG 126) stamps while the later did the 1 paisa, 7 paisa and 13 paisa (SG 127) stamps.

text: In the printing the Times Press used as many as 34 plates; 17 for 1 paisa (ordinary and service), 14 for 7 paisas and 3 plates for 13 paisas.[13] The PSPC used single plates for each denomination, therefore resulting in only minor varieties and shifts.[13]

text: Service stamps with decimal surcharges were also printed by the same printers. However, these are scarcer than ordinary stamps.[13]

text: In the 3 paisa and 13 paisa (SG 127) stamps, spelling errors such as "3PASIA" or 13 "PAIS" which are even listed in Stanley Gibbons are forgeries.[31] In the 7 paisa there are a number of known forgeries including extra sharp letters with the 'S' slightly broader.[31] The 13 paisa (SG 126) is one issue in which the existence of forgeries is very difficult because of the existence of variable stages of wear.[31]

text: Themes and series[edit]

text: Over the years, the postal authorities have portrayed, commemorated and honoured various personalities, national and international organisations and events, the country's flora and fauna, its cultural and historical heritage as well as the country's development. Other themes include health, educational institutions, religion, sports and defence.

text: Though it has now become very common to portray a human face on stamps, for the initial 17 years this was not the case. Mr. M. H. Zuberi, a retired CSP officer, tried to get the president's approval to issue stamps with the Quaid's portrait in 1964. This was however, rejected on the grounds that the people might not accept them.[32] He however, persevered and it paid off when the first locally designed issue to carry a human face, a set of three stamps, was released to pay homage to the country's armed forces after the War of 1965.[33] The first incumbent head of state or government portrayed was General Ayub Khan on the 1966 stamps for the new capital of Islamabad.[34]

text: The Quaid was first pictured on his 90th birth anniversary in 1966.[34] Earlier issues carried motifs and wordings or his mausoleum. Since then numerous stamps have been issued carrying his portrait including his 50 death anniversary in 1998 (SG ) and 125 years of his birth in 2001.

text: Since the 1960s, the government has featured a large number of both local and foreign personalities including Allama Mohammad Iqbal, Mirza Ghalib, Kemal Atatürk, Shah of Iran, Maria Montessori, Hakim Saeed, Liaquat Ali Khan, Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan, Tipu Sultan and Abdus Salam. The largest set ever issued consisted of 27 stamps and depicted pioneers of Pakistan's freedom movement (1990)(SG 801-827). For a complete list of personalities on Pakistani stamps, please see this list.

text: Over the years, various series have been periodically issued. There is no set basis for their issuance and these are released at the discretion of the authorities. Current series include Men of Letters and Medicinal Plants of Pakistan. Other series have included Fruits of Pakistan, Handicrafts, Moenjodaro, Poets of Pakistan and Wildlife.

text: Gold stamp[edit]

text: In 1976, the authorities issued a gold stamp for the birth centenary of Mohammad Ali Jinnah. Each stamp carried 25 mg of 23/24 carat gold and was valued at Rs. 10.[35] These stamps were printed by Cartor S.A., France using a special silk screen printing process known as serigraphy. It was the first time that this process was used to make a stamp.[36] A sheetlet with stamp impression and a description of the event at the bottom was also released. The 500 copies printed were distributed to guests and dignitaries.[36]

text: Errors, Varieties, Forgeries and Overprints[edit]

text: There were two famous "errors" during the 1960s. The 1961 definitive was initially released with the name of the country wrongly spelt in Bengali i.e. "Shakistan" instead of Pakistan. The error was corrected and new stamps released. In 1968, the government printed stamps commemorating the Bengali poet Kazi Nazrul Islam. However, the birth year was out by a hundred years: 1989 instead of 1889. Although these stamps were not issued, a few of them did find their way into the market.[37]

text: Forgeries exist in the decimal surcharge stamps of 1961.

text: For the 10th Anniversary of the United Nations, Pakistan Post overprinted two stamps, one each from the 7th (1 ½ anna) and 8th (12 anna) Anniversary issues, with the words, Tenth Anniversary United Nations 24.10.55 in blue.

text: Varieties of different kinds exist in many different issues. Watermark variations are common. For example, in the 1994, definitive series, inverted watermark (Rs. 5, Rs. 10, Rs. 12 and Rs. 15) and watermark sideways (Rs. 10, Rs. 15 and Rs. 20) are known.[38]

text: Withdrawn and Not released Issues[edit]

text: In 1976, the post offices designed a stamps to coincide with the opening of the Shah Faisal Mosque in Islamabad. However this issue was not officially released but did manage to find its way into the market.

text: In 2007, it issued[39] and later withdraw a stamp to commemorate the 1st Anniversary of the 3rd meeting of the ECO Postal Authorities held in Turkey.[40] The stamp was withdrawn because the name of the country had not been printed on it.

text: Joint issues[edit]

text: Twice during the 1960s and then yearly in the 1970s, Pakistan released joint issues with Turkey and Iran to commemorate the Regional Cooperation for Development (RCD). The stamps depicted various aspects from the three nations including paintings, landscapes, personalities, handicrafts and mosques. Between 1977 and 1994, the country released 5 joint issues with Indonesia for the Indonesia Pakistan Economic and Cultural Cooperation (IPECC) Organisation. In 1995, it issued a stamp with Turkey for the holding of the conference of women parliamentarians. And in 1997, Jalal al din Rumi and Allama Muhammad Iqbal were honoured with Iran.

text: On the political front, in 2002 it teamed up with Kyrgyzstan to release a stamp on the 10th anniversary of diplomatic relations between the two countries, and in 2004, Eurasia Postal Union (2001) members: Azerbaijan, The Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, Pakistan and Turkey jointly issued stamps on the Silk Route.[41]

text: Souvenir sheets[edit]

text: The first souvenir sheet was issued for Universal Postal Union Day on 9 October 1971.[42] It was an imperforate sheet valued at 70p.[42] There were no leaflets or first day covers released and 10,000 sheets were printed.[42]

text: Over the years, other sheets have been released and include both perforated and imperforate sheets. These include the 2,500th anniversary of the Iranian Monarchy (1971), the Quaid's 50th death anniversary (1998) (SG MS1048) and the 50th anniversary of the first ascent of K-2 (2004).

text: In 2005, Pakistan Post issued a souvenir sheet to raise money for the 2005 earthquake victims. There were 8 stamps of Rs.4, though the sheet was valued at Rs. 100. The entire amount was meant for the President's Fund. However, the souvenir sheet was also valid for postage but for Rs. 32 only. This sheet has not be given a number by the post office but catalogues list it as an issue. A similar issue was released in 2009 for raising funds for the prime minister's relief fund for Swat refugees. Like 2005, this issue was also sold for Rs. 100/- but it contained postage stamps worth Rs. 40/- only.

text: 2008 saw the release of three souvenir sheets: the first on 29th martyrdom anniversary of Zulfikar Ali Bhutto in April with the slain leader's daughter, Benazir Bhutto, who was assassination in December 2007. The second on the birthday celebrations of Benazir Bhutto and the third on her death anniversary.

text: Booklets[edit]

text: Pakistan has to date issued only four booklets, the only regular issue, was released in 1956.[11] The other three were issued for stamp exhibitions in the 1990s. Released on 23 March 1956, the first booklet was also the only time a private company, in this case Atco Industries, makers of Alladin battery cells, had sponsored a booklet.[12] It contained 24 stamps of two denominations, 6 pies (SG 65) and 1 ½anna (SG 68), from the 7th anniversary set of 1954. Each pane was separated by interleaving of butter paper.[11] The booklet was priced at Rs. 1/8.[11] 10,000 booklets were printed.[11]

text: The second booklet, with a released quantity of between 500 and 600, was only sold during the National Seminar on Philately held in Multan in 1992.[12] It consisted of 2 denominations from the Mohammad Ali Jinnah 1989 definitive series overprinted in light grey with "National Seminar on Philately Multan 1992".[11] Watermarked paper was used and it was printed using lithography for the frames and recess for the centre.[12] PVA gum was used with perforation at 13C. The price was Rs. 20 even though the stamps were valued at only Rs. 18.[12]

text: The third booklet, for a stamp exhibition in Peshawar, was released in a quantity of 8,500.[12] It was sold through the philatelic bureau across the country.This exhibition organize of Peshawar Stamp Society, Peshawar. Released on 20 January 1993, 3 values (SG 632, 633 and 636) from the forts definitive issue were used and 18 stamps each were printed.[12] The price was Rs. 30, Rs. 3 more than the value inside.[12] There was no watermark and perforation was 11C.[12] Both PVA and Gum Arabica were used.[12]

text: The fourth and last booklet was released on 1 February 1994.[36] It used the Re.1 stamp depicting Wazir Mansion, the birthplace of Mohammad Ali Jinnah. Though 10,000 booklets were printed, because of defects many were return and therefore the actual numbers sold is considerably lower.[36]

text: Languages[edit]

text: When stamps were initially issued, the name of the country was in two languages i.e. English and Urdu. Bengali, which was the first language for more than half the population, was not depicted on stamps until 1956.[43] The first set, was aptly, the one commemorating the first session of the National Assembly in the eastern wing. From then until 1973 when Pakistan officially recognised Bangladesh, three languages were depicted on the country's stamps. After 1973, it reverted to using Urdu and English again.

text: First Day Covers[edit]

text: Though Pakistan started issuing first day postmarks with its first stamps, this was not the case with covers. Earlier, collectors made their own covers and took them to the post office to be stamped. This however, changed in 1961 when official ones were released. Before, that only one official FDC was released on the occasion of the centenary of the Scinde Dawk issue.

text: Annual and special folders[edit]

text: Earlier, annual folders containing the entire year's issues were prepared and sold throughout the country to promote philately. However, in recent times this practise has been discontinued.

text: In 1989, Pakistan Post issued a special folder during INDIA89.[36] It consisted of a single sheet of 5 stamp designs from the Los Angeles Olympics.[44] The cover depicted the Post's logo and the inscription, "Olympics Los Angeles Commemorative Postage Stamps."[44] A quantity of 250 folders were sold at their face value of Rs. 150.[44] These were later traded at Rs. 2000/-[44]

text: Printing[edit]

text: Designers and stamp design[edit]

text: Three people, A.R. chughtai, Rashiduddin and Muhammad Latif, have the honour of designing the first commemorative set issued in July 1948. Since then, numerous other people have designed stamps for the country, including some well-known artists. These artists include Saeed Akhtar, Bashir Mirza, Askari Mian Irani, Jimmy Engineer and Zahoor ul Akhlaq. Others designers were Nighat Saeed, Saleem Uddin Ghori, Zahid Shah, Talat Sultana and A. J. McCoy. A famous Pakistani designer is Adil Salahuddin, who in his capacity as the official designer for almost 40 years, designed over 350 stamps for his country.[45]

text: Most of the stamps designed are by local designers. However, photographs have been also used for stamps as in the Louis Pasteur issue (1995)(SG 978) and the 1993, Siberian Crane issue (SG ). Some organisations linked to a stamp issue, supply their own design. These have included the Family Planning Association of Pakistan (SG ), Kinnaird College for Women, Lahore (SG ), Muslim Commercial Bank (SG ) and UNICEF Pakistan (SG ). For the 1987 Air Force Day set (SG 715-724), a painting by Sq. Ldr Masood was used to design the final stamps. Faiz Ahmed Faiz's stamp (SG 510) in 1997 was designed using a photograph.

text: For more information see: Designers of Pakistani Stamps.

text: Gum and paper[edit]

text: From 1968 until about 2003 paper manufactured at Pakistan Security Printing Press, Karachi was used to print the stamps.[46] The ink used was also manufactured at the same place.[46] Near the end of the 2003, paper manufactured by Tullis Russell Coaters, UK started being used, and it continued for the next year. At the beginning of 2005, paper imported from Shanghai Kailum Paper (Group) Co Ltd, China was used until mid-2006 except for a couple of issues. Since then paper manufactured at the Security Press, Karachi is used.

text: Process[edit]

text: Pakistan Security Printing Press uses three processes in the production of stamps. These are: recess, photogravure and lithography. Definitive stamps of high and medium face values are printed using the recess method as are special stamps.[47] However, a time frame of 10 to 12 months has to be given for its production.[47] Special stamps which involve a large variety of colours are printed using the photogravure method.[47] Simpler designed stamps, both commemorative and definitive are printed using lithography.[47]

text: Watermarks[edit]

text: Watermarked paper was first used in the 1963 definitive issue for the Chota Sona Masjid.[48] The watermark consisted of a crescent and star. Since 1993, it has also been occasionally used for commemorative issues. Besides normal watermarks, reversed, inverted (SG996) and reversed inverted (SG476) watermarks are also found on stamps.

text: Printing press[edit]

text: Due to the lack of a local press, Pakistan's initial stamps were printed by Thomas De La Rue in London. In 1949, the Pakistan Security Printing Corporation was set up in Malir Halt, Karachi.[49] The first set printed entirely by this press was the 1954 Seventh Anniversary issue (SG ).[50] Since then until mid-2003, it printed most of the stamps issued within the country. In 2003, from the Year of Mohtarma Fatima Jinnah issue (SG ), stamps were printed by Pakistan Post Office Foundation Press (Security Division), Karachi. However, this changeover did not last long and in 2006 the printing was reverted to the earlier printer. Other foreign printers of Pakistani stamps have been Cartor, Paris, France; Courvoisier, Switzerland; Harrisons, London and Secura, Singapore.

text: Postmarks[edit]

text: First Day Cancellation[edit]

text: Though there was a postmark which marked the release of the Nasik Overprints (1947), the first special (pictorial) postmark of Pakistan was the one issued on 9 July 1948.[51] The design was simple with a star above a crescent within a circle and Pakistan written in both Urdu and English. As time has gone by, these postmarks have become more and more elaborate.

text: Slogan postmarks[edit]

text: The first slogan postmark commemorated the founding of the country. The wordings were simple with "Pakistan Zindabad" in English and Urdu.[52] Some of the examples of this type are from up to five years after independence. The initial slogans reflect the priories of the government with "Learn and Teach" in Urdu,[53] the bilingual slogan with "Patronise Pakistan Products" (English) and "Use Pakistani products" (Urdu),[54] and "Contribute to Quaid-e-Azam Memorial Fund."[55] Later slogans depict a wide range of subjects including fighting TB (1963), census (1961) national identity cards (1973) and family planning (1980). Postmarks were issued in three languages: Bengali, Urdu and English, though all postmarks were not released in all three languages.

text: Special postmarks[edit]

text: Though slightly on the decline, special postmarks are also used. Over the years, these have commemorated events such as state visits by King Saud of Saudi Arabia (1954) and Elizabeth II (1961), stamp exhibitions (1968, 1998, 2003, 2008, 2009, 2010), the holding of cricket matches (2004) and National Horse and Cattle shows (1964, 1965). Others include Mother and Child Care Campaign (1961), Scouting (1953), SEATO Conference (1956), awarding of Hilal-e-Istiqlal to the cities of Sargodha, Lahore and Sialkot (1965) and World Post Day (2009).

text: Metermarks[edit]

text: Provided to bulk mailers, metermarks have become more prominent in recent years, most of which come with a slogan promoting the entity. Their usage is not restricted to any particular type of entity and include diplomatic missions, multinational corporations, book publishers, media groups, clubs, banks, government organisations and non governmental organisations.

text: Postal stationery[edit]

text: Besides stamps and souvenir sheets, the Post Office also prints postal stationery. These include pre-stamped envelopes, aerogrammes, postal cards, urgent mail service envelopes and registered envelopes.

text: Pre-stamped envelopes[edit]

text: These types of envelopes are mostly used for domestic postage.[56] Until 1978, a simple design and size introduced by the British in the 1890s, was used.[56] In 2001, new larger, 4 colour litho offset envelopes were issued. These provided both, the Post Office and commercial companies, an avenue for advertising. The first envelope was issued on 1 August 2001 and featured the Quaid's Ziarat Residency as the stamp impression. The reverse showed the Mazar-e-Quaid, Badshahi Mosque, Shah Faisal Mosque and the Northern Areas. It also gave the tourism department's website and the slogan 'Visit Pakistan.'

text: Later that year, 3 envelopes featuring Habib Bank AG Zurich were released with an additional one in April 2002.[56] On all, the stamp impression was the bank's logo with an enlarged emblem on the left side. However, the writing above this emblem was different on each enevelope including Pachas key lakh (a 100,000 from 50) and 'A tradition of service' on one and small symbols to highlight the bank's services on another.[56]

text: A month later, another bank, this time Muslim Commercial Bank (MCB), had 5 envelopes printed with the Quaid's Ziarat residency as their stamp impression.[56] These envelopes also promoted the services of the bank including its rupee travellers cheques and 24‑hour banking via ATMs.[56]

text: An error was noticed in the next envelope issued in June 2002. This envelope was smaller in size (200mm × 92mm) and also featured 4 landmarks of the country, but the name of the fort in Lahore was given as 'Red Fort.'[56] This error was corrected quickly and new envelopes with the correct text were released in July. This reduction in size was not to last, for in October 2002, it was enlarged to 222mm × 96mm with the released of an envelope showing the national flag on top of buildings. A rarity exists in this envelope with the flags closed as opposed to unfurled later on.[56]

text: Besides, the two banks in 2001, two oil companies: Pakistan State Oil (PSO) and Pak Arab Refinery Company (PARCO), have also had envelopes released with their advertisements. The housing scheme, Bahria Town, has also advertised on these envelopes in 2005. Since then, other designs include Sir Syed Ahmed Khan, Mohtarma Fatima Jinnah year (2003), 50th anniversary of the first ascent of K-2 (2004) and reconstruction of earthquake ravaged areas (2005). Normally, these envelopes are provided at the cost of postage, however, some such as the Golden Jubilee of Pakistan Resolution envelope (1990) carry additional stationery charges of 25 paisas.

text: Post Office Service Envelopes[edit]

text: In recent years special envelopes have been printed for some of the Post Office's various services. These include a Rs. 12 light blue envelope for Urgent Mail Service and a yellow Rs. 25 Airex enevlope. The latter features, some of the country's famous langmarks. Both envelopes carry a stationery charge of Re. 1.

text: Aerogrammes/Air Letters[edit]

text: Pakistan had issued 5 different types of aerogrammes and air letters. These are for: public use, official use, armed forces/army use, prisoners of war and formulae aerogrammes. The first Pakistani air letter was a Nasik "Pakistan" overprint of a 6 anna British India, King George VI 1946 issue.[57] Since then, these have been issued in various shapes and keeping up with increasing postal rates. The languages used on them are Arabic, Urdu and English. The late 1960s saw the introduction of pictorial aerogrammes. The front sides of these were printed with a view of Moenjodaro(Rs. 2) and a gate of Lahore Fort (Rs. 0.50).

text: The 1971 war saw the release of two special aerogrammes. The first one released for general use depicted a hand behind a barbwire to symbolise the POWs being held in India. The second one was released with reduced rates to be used for sending mail to the POWs. In 1982, two special aerogrammes were released. They were overprints in gold on the Rs. 2 ones, and issued to commemorate the International Stamp Exhibition, Philexfrance and Intentional Stamp Fair, Riccione, Italy. In 1990, to commemorate the golden jubilee of the Pakistan Resolution passed in Lahore (1940), the Post Office used a special aerogramme depicting Quaid-e-Azam, Mohammad Ali Jinnah.

text: Three aerogrammes were released to be used for the armed forces. Two were identical except for the watermark. The same message "for use by the armed forces" in Urdu was slightly larger in one.

text: Postal cards[edit]

text: The first pictorial postal cards were released on 10 August 1967. Featuring 4 designs showing Buddha, a small industry, a boat scene from East Pakistan (now Bangladesh) and a dam in West Pakistan. These 30 paisa cards had a flying dove silhouette.[58] About 8 months later in May 1967, a second set of 4 cards was released.[58] In 2001, the Post Office teamed up with the organisers of the SAF Games, which were scheduled for that year in Islamabad, to produce Rs.10 postcards. Besides being valid for postage, these cards entitled the buyer to be entered into a lucky draw. In 2009, the government reissued the current Re 1 Lahore Fort postcard with a Re. 1 postal stationery charge.

text: Collecting Pakistani stamps[edit]

text: In Pakistan, stamp programmes are not issued in advance. Earlier, collectors could almost always count on stamps being issued on at least two dates: 23 March and 14 August. However, in recent years, the 23 March issues have become less frequent. The number of stamps issue per year also varies. However, no matter how many issues are released, their total cost rarely exceeds Rs. 300/- (approx USD 5). Besides postage stamps and souvenir sheets, the post office also sells first day covers, leaflets with and without stamps on it and postal stationery. Earlier, the post office did not use any specific numbering system but this changed when they started using a rather simple system on their leaflets: xxxx – y where xxxx is the year and y is the issue number within that year. All major catalogues include Pakistani stamps in them. Two local updated catalogues are available, each of which uses its own system of numbering.

text: Chronology of Pakistani stamps[edit]

text:
1947 - First official stamps[59]
1948 - First commemorative stamps[59]
1955 - First two colour stamp (SG 76)
1955 - First overprinted stamps (SG 77,78)
1956 - First trilingual issue (SG 84-86)
1962 - First airmail[59]
1965 - First human face portrayed (SG 226-228)
1990 - Largest set issued - Pioneers of Freedom (SG 801-827)

text: Philatelic societies[edit]

text: Within Pakistan:

text:
Thematic Society of Pakistan, Karachi
Allama Iqbal Stamps Society, Lahore
Philatelic Federation of Pakistan, Karachi
Faisalabad Philatelic Association
Scouts Stamps Society of Pakistan
Peshawar Stamp Society
Stamp Society of Pakistan, Karachi

text: Outside Pakistan:

text: Pakistan Study Circle, UK


document_title: Boz Scaggs

question_text: where did boz scaggs go to high school

question_tokens: where did boz scaggs go to high school

text: Boz Scaggs

text: Early life and career[edit]

text: Scaggs was born in Canton, Ohio,[1] the eldest child of a traveling salesman. Their family moved to McAlester, Oklahoma, then to Plano, Texas (at that time a farm town), just north of Dallas. He attended a Dallas private school, St. Mark's School of Texas, where schoolmate Mal Buckner gave him the nickname "Bosley", later shortened to "Boz".[3]

text: After learning guitar at the age of 12, he met Steve Miller at St. Mark's School. In 1959, he became the vocalist for Miller's band, the Marksmen. The pair later attended the University of Wisconsin–Madison together, playing in blues bands like the Ardells and the Fabulous Knight Trains.[1]

text: Leaving school, Scaggs briefly joined the burgeoning rhythm and blues scene in London, then traveled on to Sweden as a solo performer, and in 1965 recorded his solo debut album, Boz, which failed commercially.[1] Scaggs also had a brief stint with the band the Other Side with Mac MacLeod and Jack Downing.

text: Returning to the U.S., Scaggs promptly headed for the booming psychedelic music center of San Francisco in 1967. Linking up with Steve Miller again, he appeared on the Steve Miller Band's first two albums, Children of the Future and Sailor in 1968. Scaggs secured a solo contract with Atlantic Records in 1968, releasing his second album, Boz Scaggs, featuring the Muscle Shoals Rhythm Section and session guitarist Duane Allman, in 1969. Despite good reviews, this release achieved only moderate sales. He then briefly hooked up with Bay Area band Mother Earth in a supporting role on their second album Make a Joyful Noise on guitar and backup vocals. Scaggs then signed with Columbia Records; his first four albums for Columbia all charted, with his best peaking at #81.[1]

text: 1976–1981: the hit years[edit]

text: In 1976, using session musicians who later formed Toto, he recorded Silk Degrees.[1] The album reached #2 on the US Billboard 200, and #1 in a number of other countries, spawning four hit singles: "It's Over", "Lowdown", "What Can I Say", and "Lido Shuffle",[1] as well as the poignant ballad "We're All Alone", later recorded by Rita Coolidge and Frankie Valli. "Lowdown" sold over one million copies in the US.[4]

text: A sellout world tour followed, but his follow-up album in 1977 Down Two Then Left did not sell as well as Silk Degrees and neither of its singles reached the Top 40.[1] The 1980 album Middle Man spawned two top 20 hits, "Breakdown Dead Ahead" and "Jojo"; and Scaggs enjoyed two more hits in 1980-81: "Look What You've Done to Me", from Urban Cowboy soundtrack, and "Miss Sun", from a greatest hits set. Both were US #14 hits.

text: Later career[edit]

text: Scaggs took a long break from recording and his next LP, Other Roads, did not appear until 1988. "Heart of Mine", from Other Roads, is Scaggs' last top-40 hit as of 2016.[1] Also in 1988, he opened the San Francisco nightclub Slim's, and remained an owner of the venue as of 2011.[5]

text: From 1989 to 1992, Scaggs joined Donald Fagen, Phoebe Snow, Michael McDonald and others in The New York Rock and Soul Revue. His next solo release was the album Some Change in 1994. He issued Come On Home, an album of rhythm and blues, and My Time: A Boz Scaggs Anthology, an anthology, in 1997.

text: He garnered good reviews with Dig although the CD was released on September 11, 2001.[citation needed] In May 2003, Scaggs released But Beautiful, a collection of jazz standards that debuted at number one on the jazz chart. In 2008 he released Speak Low, which he described in the liner notes as "a sort of progressive, experimental effort ... along the lines of some of the ideas that Gil Evans explored." During 2004, he released a DVD and a live 16-track CD Greatest Hits Live that was recorded August 2003 at the Great American Music Hall in San Francisco.

text: After a break in recording, he undertook a series of shows across the US in 2008. Two years later he joined Donald Fagen and Michael McDonald for concerts entitled the Dukes of September Rhythm Revue. Scaggs's next album Memphis was released in March 2013. It was recorded in that Southern American city at the Royal Studios. The album included some of his favorite compositions from other artists. A tour of the United States, Canada and Japan followed the release. Before the year ended, he added live dates across North America and Australia for 2014. In 2015, he released A Fool to Care, a compilation of mostly covers, including "Whispering Pines" with Lucinda Williams, and one original blues composition, "Hell to Pay," performed with Bonnie Raitt. The album rose to number one on the Billboard Blues Album chart and number 54 on the Billboard 200.[6]

text: Personal life and family[edit]

text: Scaggs' first marriage was to Carmella Storniola and they had two sons: Austin, a music journalist with a column called "The Smoking Section" in Rolling Stone, and Oscar, who at age 21 died of a heroin overdose in 1998.[7][8] Scaggs and Carmella divorced in 1980[9] and after a child custody battle, they were awarded joint custody of their sons.[10] Carmella died in February 2017.[11]

text: Scaggs and his current wife Dominique (whom he married in 1992)[12] grow grapes in Napa County, California, and have produced their own wine.[13]

text: Discography[edit]

text: With the Steve Miller Band[edit]

text:
Year
Album
US

1968
Children of the Future
134

1968
Sailor
24

text: Solo[edit]

text:
Year
Album
US
US
R&B
RIAA Certification

1965
Boz
—
—

1969
Boz Scaggs*
171
—

1971
Moments
124
—

1971
Boz Scaggs & Band
198
—

1972
My Time
138
—

1974
Slow Dancer
81
—
Gold

1976
Silk Degrees
2
6
5xMulti-Platinum

1977
Down Two Then Left
11
—
Platinum

1980
Middle Man
8
36
Platinum

1980
Hits!
24
—
Platinum

1988
Other Roads
47
—

1994
Some Change
91
—

1996
Fade into Light
—
—

1997
Come On Home
94
—

1997
My Time: A Boz Scaggs Anthology
—
—

2001
Dig
146
—

2002
Sail on White Moon

2003
But Beautiful
167
—

2004
Greatest Hits Live
—
—

2008
Speak Low
128
—

2013
Memphis[14]
17
—

2015
A Fool to Care
54
—

2018
Out of the Blues[15]
—
—

text: While the 1969 self-titled Atlantic album failed to chart upon initial release, it peaked at #171 when reissued in 1974. Three years later the album was reissued once again, this time in a remixed form. This version, however, only bubbled under the Billboard 200, reaching #209.

text: Singles[edit]

text:
Year
Title
US
UK[4]
AU
Album

1971
"We Were Always Sweethearts"
61
—
—
Moments

"Near You"
96
—
—

1972
"Dinah Flo"
86
—
—
My Time

1976
"It's Over"
38
—
63
Silk Degrees

"Lowdown"
3
28
54

"What Can I Say"
42
10
2

1977
"Lido Shuffle"
11
13
2

"Hard Times"
58
—
40
Down Two Then Left

1978
"Hollywood"
49
33
43

1980
"Breakdown Dead Ahead"
15
—
64
Middle Man

"Jojo"
17
—
73

"Look What You've Done to Me"
14
—
—
Urban Cowboy (soundtrack)

"Miss Sun"
14
—
—
Hits!

1988
"Heart of Mine"
35
—
60
Other Roads

Source:[1]