document_title: The Other Boleyn Girl (2008 film)

question_text: who played henry viii in the other boleyn girl

text: The Other Boleyn Girl (2008 film)

text: Plot[edit]

text: King Henry VIII's (Eric Bana) marriage to Catherine of Aragon (Ana Torrent) does not produce a male heir to the throne; their only surviving daughter is Mary (Constance Stride). Thomas Howard, Duke of Norfolk (David Morrissey) and his brother-in-law Thomas Boleyn (Mark Rylance), plan to install Boleyn's older daughter Anne Boleyn (Natalie Portman), as the king's mistress. They hope Anne will bear him a son. Anne's mother, Lady Elizabeth Boleyn (Kristin Scott Thomas), is disgusted by the plot. Anne eventually agrees to please her father and uncle. Anne's younger sister, Mary Boleyn (Scarlett Johansson), marries William Carey (Benedict Cumberbatch), even though his family had asked for Anne's hand.

text: While visiting the Boleyn estate, Henry is injured in a hunting accident, indirectly caused by Anne, and, urged by her scheming uncle, is nursed by Mary. While in her care, Henry becomes smitten with her and invites her to court. Mary and her husband reluctantly agree, aware that the king has invited her because he desires her. Mary and Anne become ladies-in-waiting to Queen Catherine and Henry sends William Carey abroad on an assignment. Separated from her husband, Mary finds herself falling in love with Henry. Anne secretly marries the nobleman Henry Percy (Oliver Coleman), although he is betrothed to Lady Mary Talbot. Anne confides in her brother George Boleyn (Jim Sturgess), who is overjoyed and proceeds to tell Mary. Fearing Anne will ruin the Boleyn family by marrying such a prominent earl without the king's consent, Mary alerts her father and uncle. They confront Anne, annul the marriage, and exile her to France.

text: Mary becomes pregnant. Her family receives new grants and estates, their debts are paid, and Henry arranges George's marriage to Jane Parker. When Mary nearly suffers a miscarriage, she is confined to bed until her child is born. Norfolk recalls Anne to England to keep Henry's attention from wandering to another rival. In her belief that Mary exiled her to increase her own status, Anne successfully campaigns to win Henry over. When Mary gives birth to a son, Henry Carey, Thomas and Norfolk are overjoyed, but the celebration is short lived, as Anne whispered to Henry that the baby was born a bastard, which infuriates Norfolk. Henry then has Mary sent to the country at Anne's request. Shortly after, Mary is widowed. Anne encourages Henry to break from the Catholic Church when the Pope refuses to annul his marriage to Queen Catherine. Henry succumbs to Anne's demands, declares himself Supreme Head of the Church of England, and gets Cardinal Thomas Wolsey to annul the marriage.

text: Henry comes to Anne's rooms but she refuses to have sex with him, and, in a fit of rage, he rapes her. A pregnant Anne marries Henry to please her family and becomes Queen of England. Despite the birth of a healthy daughter, Elizabeth, Henry blames Anne for not producing a son, and begins courting Jane Seymour (Corinne Galloway) in secret. After Anne suffers the miscarriage of a son, she begs George to have sex with her to replace the child she lost, because if anyone found out about the miscarriage, she would be burned as a witch. George at first agrees, realizing that it is Anne's only hope, but they do not go through with it. However, George's neglected wife Jane witnesses enough of their encounter to become suspicious. She reports what she has seen and both Anne and George are arrested. The two are found guilty and sentenced to death for treason, adultery and incest. Distraught by the news of the execution of George, his mother disowns her husband and brother, vowing never to forgive them for what their greed has done to her children.

text: After Mary learns that she was late for George's execution, she returns to court to plead for Anne's life. Believing that Henry will spare her sister, she leaves to see Anne right before the scheduled execution. Anne asks Mary to take care of her daughter Elizabeth if anything should happen to her. Mary watches from the crowd as Anne makes her final speech, waiting for the execution to be cancelled as Henry promised. A letter from Henry is given to Mary, warning her not to come to his court further, and implicitly revealing his decision to execute Anne after all. Ten days after Anne's execution, Henry and Jane are married, Norfolk is imprisoned, and the next three generations of his family are executed for treason. Mary marries William Stafford (Eddie Redmayne) and they have two children, Anne and Edward. Mary takes an active role in raising Anne's daughter Elizabeth (Maisie Smith), who grows up to become Queen of England, and reigns for 44 years.

text: Cast[edit]

text:
Natalie Portman as Anne Boleyn. Portman was attracted to the role because it was a character that she "hadn’t played before", and describes Anne as "strong, yet she can be vulnerable and she's ambitious and calculating and will step on people but also feels remorse for it". One month before filming began, Portman started taking daily classes to master the English accent under dialect coach Jill McCulloch, who also stayed on set throughout the filming.[2]
Scarlett Johansson as Mary Boleyn. Johansson expressed concern over the film being "such a melodramatic tale". In response to critics being skeptical about the film featuring American actresses as major British characters, Johansson said, "The three foreign actors will be using English accents. I'll take away the eyebrows and the make-up and you won't notice I'm American".[3]
Eric Bana as Henry VIII of England. Bana commented that he was surprised upon being offered the role, and describes the character of Henry as "a man who was somewhat juvenile and driven by passion and greed", and that he interpreted the character as "this man who was involved in an incredibly intricate, complicated situation, largely through his own doing".[4] In preparation for the role, Bana relied mostly on the script to come up with his own version of the character, and he "deliberately stayed away" from other portrayals of Henry in films because he found it "too confusing and restricting".[5]
Jim Sturgess as George Boleyn, Viscount Rochford. Though the three siblings are all very tight-knit, George and Anne are closest. George supports and loves Anne for her rebellious and unconventional attitude. He is forced to marry Jane Parker. George is often viewed as the most vulnerable and probably the kindest of the siblings.
Kristin Scott Thomas as Elizabeth Boleyn, Countess of Wiltshire and Ormond
Mark Rylance as Thomas Boleyn, Earl of Wiltshire and Ormond
David Morrissey as Thomas Howard, Duke of Norfolk
Benedict Cumberbatch as William Carey
Oliver Coleman as Henry Percy, Earl of Northumberland
Ana Torrent as Catherine of Aragon
Eddie Redmayne as William Stafford
Juno Temple as Jane Parker
Iain Mitchell as Thomas Cromwell
Andrew Garfield as Francis Weston
Corinne Galloway as Jane Seymour
Constance Stride as young Mary Tudor
Maisie Smith as young Elizabeth Tudor
Alfie Allen as the King's Messenger

text: Locations[edit]

text: Much of the filming took place in Kent, England, though Hever Castle was not used, despite being the original household of Thomas Boleyn and family from 1505–1539. The Baron's Hall at Penshurst Place featured, as did Dover Castle, which stood in for the Tower of London in the film, and Knole House in Sevenoaks was used in several scenes.[6][7] The home of the Boleyns was represented by Great Chalfield Manor in Wiltshire, and other scenes were filmed at locations in Derbyshire, including Cave Dale, Haddon Hall, Dovedale and North Lees Hall near Hathersage.[8] Dover Castle was transformed into the Tower of London for the execution scenes of George and Anne Boleyn. Knole was the setting for many of the film's London night scenes and the inner courtyard doubles for the entrance of Whitehall Palace where the grand arrivals and departures were staged. The Tudor Gardens and Baron's Hall at Penshurst Place were transformed into the interiors of Whitehall Palace, including the scenes of Henry's extravagant feast.[6]

text: Historical accuracy[edit]

text: Historian Alex von Tunzelmann criticized The Other Boleyn Girl for its portrayal of the Boleyn family and Henry VIII, citing factual errors. She stated, "In real life, by the time Mary Boleyn started her affair with Henry, she had already enjoyed a passionate liaison with his great rival, King François I of France. Rather ungallantly, François called her 'my hackney', explaining that she was fun to ride. Chucked out of France by his irritated wife, Mary sashayed back to England and casually notched up her second kingly conquest. The film's portrayal of this Boleyn girl as a shy, blushing damsel could hardly be further from the truth."[9] She further criticized the depiction of Anne as a "manipulative vixen" and Henry as "nothing more than a gullible sex addict in wacky shoulder pads".[9] The film presents other historical inaccuracies, such as the statement of a character that, by marrying Henry Percy, Anne Boleyn would become Duchess of Northumberland, a title that was only created in the reign of Henry's son, Edward VI. Also, it places Anne's time in French court after her involvement with Percy, something that occurred before the affair.

text: Release[edit]

text: Theatrical[edit]

text: The film was first released in theaters on February 29, 2008, though its world premiere was held at the 58th Berlin International Film Festival held on February 7–17, 2008.[10][11] The film earned $9,442,224 in the United Kingdom,[12] and $26,814,957 in the United States and Canada. The combined worldwide gross of the film was $75,598,644,[12] more than double the film's $35 million budget.

text: Home media[edit]

text: The film was released in Blu-ray and DVD formats on June 10, 2008. Extras on both editions include an audio commentary with director Justin Chadwick, deleted and extended scenes, character profiles, and featurettes. The Blu-ray version includes BD-Live capability and an additional picture-in-picture track with character descriptions, notes on the original story, and passages from the original book.

text: Critical reception[edit]

text: The film received mixed reviews. Rotten Tomatoes reported that 42% of critics gave the film positive reviews, based on 140 reviews. The site's general consensus is: "Though it features some extravagant and entertaining moments, The Other Boleyn Girl feels more like a soap opera than historical drama."[13] Metacritic reported the film had an average score of 50 out of 100, based on 34 reviews.[14]

text: Manohla Dargis of The New York Times called the film "more slog than romp" and an "oddly plotted and frantically paced pastiche." She added, "The film is both underwritten and overedited. Many of the scenes seem to have been whittled down to the nub, which at times turns it into a succession of wordless gestures and poses. Given the generally risible dialogue, this isn’t a bad thing."[15]

text: Mick LaSalle of the San Francisco Chronicle said, "This in an enjoyable movie with an entertaining angle on a hard-to-resist period of history ... Portman's performance, which shows a range and depth unlike anything she's done before, is the No. 1 element that tips The Other Boleyn Girl in the direction of a recommendation ... [She] won't get the credit she deserves for this, simply because the movie isn't substantial enough to warrant proper attention."[16]

text: Peter Travers of Rolling Stone stated, "The film moves in frustrating herks and jerks. What works is the combustible teaming of Natalie Portman and Scarlett Johansson, who give the Boleyn hotties a tough core of intelligence and wit, swinging the film's sixteenth-century protofeminist issues handily into this one."[17]

text: Peter Bradshaw of The Guardian awarded the film three out of five stars, describing it as a "flashy, silly, undeniably entertaining Tudor romp" and adding, "It is absurd yet enjoyable, and playing fast and loose with English history is a refreshing alternative to slow and tight solemnity; the effect is genial, even mildly subversive ... It is ridiculous, but imagined with humour and gusto: a very diverting gallop through the heritage landscape."[18]

text: Sukhdev Sandhu of The Telegraph said, "This is a film for people who prefer their costume dramas to gallop along at a merry old pace rather than get bogged down in historical detail ... Mining relatively familiar material here, and dramatising highly dubious scenarios, [Peter Morgan] is unable to make the set-pieces seem revelatory or tart ... In the end, The Other Boleyn Girl is more anodyne than it has any right to be. It can't decide whether to be serious or comic. It promises an erotic charge that it never carries off, inducing dismissive laughs from the audience for its soft-focus love scenes soundtracked by swooning violins. It is tasteful, but unappetising."[19]


document_title: List of NFL franchise post-season droughts

question_text: what nfl team has never made it to the superbowl

root

text: Active team droughts[edit]

text: Post-season droughts[edit]

text: Updated through the end of the 2017 NFL season.

tag: p

text:
0^0
Longest drought in team history

tag: table

text:
Playoff Droughts [1][2]

0Team0
Last appearance in post-season
Seasons

Cleveland Browns ^
2002 AFC Wild Card Playoffs
15

Tampa Bay Buccaneers
2007 NFC Wild Card Playoffs
10

New York Jets
2010 AFC Championship Game
7

Chicago Bears
2010 NFC Championship Game
7

Los Angeles Chargers
2013 AFC Divisional Playoffs
4

San Francisco 49ers
2013 NFC Championship Game
4

Baltimore Ravens
2014 AFC Divisional Playoffs
3

Indianapolis Colts
2014 AFC Championship Game
3

Cincinnati Bengals
2015 AFC Wild Card Playoffs
2

Washington Redskins
2015 NFC Wild Card Playoffs
2

Arizona Cardinals
2015 NFC Championship Game
2

Denver Broncos
Super Bowl 50
2

Miami Dolphins
2016 AFC Wild Card Playoffs
1

Oakland Raiders
2016 AFC Wild Card Playoffs
1

New York Giants
2016 NFC Wild Card Playoffs
1

Detroit Lions
2016 NFC Wild Card Playoffs
1

Houston Texans
2016 AFC Divisional Playoffs
1

Dallas Cowboys
2016 NFC Divisional Playoffs
1

Seattle Seahawks
2016 NFC Divisional Playoffs
1

Green Bay Packers
2016 NFC Championship Game
1

2017 Playoff Teams

Buffalo Bills
2017 AFC Wild Card Playoffs
—

Kansas City Chiefs
2017 AFC Wild Card Playoffs
—

Carolina Panthers
2017 NFC Wild Card Playoffs
—

Los Angeles Rams
2017 NFC Wild Card Playoffs
—

Tennessee Titans
2017 AFC Divisional Playoffs
—

Pittsburgh Steelers
2017 AFC Divisional Playoffs
—

New Orleans Saints
2017 NFC Divisional Playoffs
—

Atlanta Falcons
2017 NFC Divisional Playoffs
—

Jacksonville Jaguars
2017 AFC Championship Game
—

Minnesota Vikings
2017 NFC Championship Game
—

Philadelphia Eagles
Super Bowl LII
—

New England Patriots
Super Bowl LII
—

text: Playoff game victory droughts[edit]

text:
Updated through the 2017 NFL season.
Sortable table, click on header arrows.

text:
0^0
Longest drought in team history

0♦0
Most consecutive losses in team history

0¤0
Tied for most consecutive losses in team history

0♣ ♣0
Most consecutive losses in NFL history

text:
Current Playoff Loss Streak[1]

Team
Last playoff game win
Seasons
Since Win
Loss
Streak
Playoff Losses - Teams

Cincinnati Bengals ^
1990 AFC Wild Card Playoffs
27
♦ 8
1990 Divisional - Los Angeles Raiders
2005 Wild Card - Pittsburgh
2009 Wild Card - New York Jets
2011 Wild Card - Houston
2012 Wild Card - Houston
2013 Wild Card - San Diego
2014 Wild Card - Indianapolis
2015 Wild Card - Pittsburgh

Detroit Lions
1991 NFC Divisional Playoffs*
26
♣ ♣ 9
1991 NFC Championship - Washington
1993 Wild Card - Green Bay
1994 Wild Card - Green Bay
1995 Wild Card - Philadelphia
1997 Wild Card - Tampa Bay
1999 Wild Card - Washington
2011 Wild Card - New Orleans
2014 Wild Card - Dallas
2016 Wild Card - Seattle

Buffalo Bills ^
1995 AFC Wild Card Playoffs
22
♦ 5
1995 Divisional - Pittsburgh
1996 Wild Card - Jacksonville
1998 Wild Card - Miami
1999 Wild Card - Tennessee
2017 Wild Card - Jacksonville

Cleveland Browns [a]
1994 AFC Wild Card Playoffs
20**
2
1994 Divisional - Pittsburgh
2002 Wild Card - Pittsburgh[a]

Miami Dolphins ^
2000 AFC Wild Card Playoffs
17
4 ¤
2000 Divisional - Oakland
2001 Wild Card - Baltimore
2008 Wild Card - Baltimore
2016 Wild Card - Pittsburgh

Oakland Raiders ^
2002 AFC Championship*
15
2 ¤
2002 Super Bowl - Tampa Bay
2016 Wild Card - Houston

Tampa Bay Buccaneers
Super Bowl XXXVII*
15
2
2005 Wild Card - Washington
2007 Wild Card - New York Giants

Los Angeles Rams
2004 NFC Wild Card Playoffs
13
2
2004 Divisional - Atlanta
2017 Wild Card - Atlanta

Washington Redskins
2005 NFC Wild Card Playoffs
12
4 ¤
2005 Divisional - Seattle
2007 Wild Card - Seattle
2012 Wild Card - Seattle
2015 Wild Card - Green Bay

New York Jets
2010 AFC Divisional Playoffs
7
1
2010 AFC Championship - Pittsburgh

Chicago Bears
2010 NFC Divisional Playoffs*
7
1
2010 NFC Championship - Green Bay

New York Giants
2011 !Super Bowl XLVI
6
1
2016 Wild Card - Green Bay

Los Angeles Chargers
2013 AFC Wild Card Playoffs
4
1
2013 Divisional - Denver

San Francisco 49ers
2013 NFC Divisional Playoffs
4
1
2013 NFC Championship - Seattle

Baltimore Ravens
2014 AFC Wild Card Playoffs
3
1
2014 Divisional - New England

Dallas Cowboys
2014 NFC Wild Card Playoffs
3
2
2014 Divisional - Green Bay
2016 Divisional - Green Bay

Indianapolis Colts
2014 AFC Divisional Playoffs
3
1
2014 AFC Championship - New England

Kansas City Chiefs
2015 AFC Wild Card Playoffs
2
3
2015 Divisional - New England
2016 Divisional - Pittsburgh
2017 Wild Card - Tennessee

Arizona Cardinals
2015 NFC Divisional Playoffs*
2
1
2015 NFC Championship - Carolina

Carolina Panthers
2015 NFC Championship*
2
2
2015 Super Bowl - Denver
2017 Wild Card - New Orleans

Denver Broncos
Super Bowl 50*
2
0
3-game win streak

Houston Texans
2016 AFC Wild Card Playoffs
1
1
2016 Divisional - New England

Seattle Seahawks
2016 NFC Wild Card Playoffs
1
1
2016 Divisional - Atlanta

Pittsburgh Steelers
2016 AFC Divisional Playoffs
1
2
2016 AFC Championship - New England
2017 Divisional - Jacksonville

Green Bay Packers
2016 NFC Divisional Playoffs
1
1
2016 NFC Championship - Atlanta

2017 Playoff0
Winners

Tennessee Titans
2017 AFC Wild Card Playoffs
0
1
2017 Divisional - New England

Atlanta Falcons
2017 NFC Wild Card Playoffs
0
1
2017 Divisional - Philadelphia

New Orleans Saints
2017 NFC Wild Card Playoffs
0
1
2017 Divisional - Minnesota

Jacksonville Jaguars
2017 AFC Divisional Playoffs
0
1
2017 AFC Championship - New England

Minnesota Vikings
2017 NFC Divisional Playoffs*
0
1
2017 NFC Championship - Philadelphia

New England Patriots
2017 AFC Championship*
0
1
Super Bowl LII - Philadelphia

Philadelphia Eagles
Super Bowl LII*
0
0
3-game win streak

Team
Last playoff game win
Seasons
Since Win
Loss
Streak
Playoff Losses - Teams

text:
(*): Franchise earned a bye in the Wild Card round.
a Franchise dormant 1996–1998. Since returning team is 0-1 in playoffs.

text: AFC/NFC Championship game appearance droughts[edit]

text: This is also a list of the last time a particular club won a Divisional playoff game.

text:
0^0
Longest drought in team history

0†0
Tied for longest drought in team history

text:
Drought Reference [1]

Seasons
Team
Last appearance
in Conference Championship Game
Result

29
Cincinnati Bengals ^
1988 AFC
Won vs. Buffalo

26
Washington Redskins ^
1991 NFC
Won vs. Detroit

26
Detroit Lions ^
1991 NFC
Lost vs. Washington

25
Miami Dolphins ^
1992 AFC
Lost vs. Buffalo

25 [d]
Cleveland Browns ^
1989 AFC
Lost vs. Denver

24
Buffalo Bills ^
1993 AFC
Won vs. Kansas City

24
Kansas City Chiefs †
1993 AFC
Lost vs. Buffalo

22
Dallas Cowboys ^
1995 NFC
Won vs. Green Bay

16
Houston Texans ^
1985Never [c]
y —

16
Los Angeles Rams ^ [a]
2001 NFC
Won vs. Philadelphia

15
Tampa Bay Buccaneers
2002 NFC
Won vs. Philadelphia

15
Oakland Raiders ^
2002 AFC
Won vs. Tennessee

15
Tennessee Titans
2002 AFC
Lost vs. Oakland

10
Los Angeles Chargers [b]
2007 AFC
Lost vs. New England

8
New Orleans Saints
2009 NFC
Won vs. Minnesota

7
New York Jets
2010 AFC
Lost vs. Pittsburgh

7
Chicago Bears
2010 NFC
Lost vs. Green Bay

6
New York Giants
2011 NFC
Won vs. San Francisco

5
Baltimore Ravens
2012 AFC
Won vs. New England

4
San Francisco 49ers
2013 NFC
Lost vs. Seattle

3
Indianapolis Colts
2014 AFC
Lost vs. New England

3
Seattle Seahawks
2014 NFC
Won vs. Green Bay

2
Denver Broncos
2015 AFC
Won vs. New England

2
Arizona Cardinals
2015 NFC
Lost vs. Carolina

2
Carolina Panthers
2015 NFC
Won vs. Arizona

1
Pittsburgh Steelers
2016 AFC
Lost vs. New England

1
Green Bay Packers
2016 NFC
Lost vs. Atlanta

1
Atlanta Falcons
2016 NFC
Won vs. Green Bay

-.75
Z2017 Conference Finalists
2030
z

0
Jacksonville Jaguars
2017 AFC
Lost vs. New England

0
Minnesota Vikings
2017 NFC
Lost vs. Philadelphia

0
Philadelphia Eagles
2017 NFC
Won vs. Minnesota

0
New England Patriots
2017 AFC
Won vs. Jacksonville

text:
a The Los Angeles Rams last appeared in the NFC Championship game as the St. Louis Rams.
b The Los Angeles Chargers last appeared in the AFC Championship game as the San Diego Chargers.
c The Texans first played in the 2002 season.
d The Browns were dormant from 1996–1998. Since returning 19 years ago, the Browns have never played in an AFC Championship Game.

tag: ul

text: Super Bowl or NFL Championship appearance droughts[edit]

text:
Last appearance in Super Bowl or
NFL Championship[1][3]

Seasons
Team
Last appearance
in Super Bowl
NFL
Season
Result

60
Detroit Lions
7003195700000000000♠ 1957 NFL Championship Game
1957
Won vs. Cleveland

49
New York Jets
7003196800000000000♠ Super Bowl III
1968
Won vs. Baltimore Colts

48
Kansas City Chiefs
7003196900000000000♠ Super Bowl IV
1969
Won vs. Minnesota

45 [e]
Cleveland Browns
7003196910000000000♠1969.1 1969 NFL Championship Game
1969
Lost vs. Minnesota

41
Minnesota Vikings
7003197700000000000♠ Super Bowl XI
1976
Lost vs. Oakland

33
Miami Dolphins
7003198400000000000♠ Super Bowl XIX
1984
Lost vs. San Francisco

29
Cincinnati Bengals
7003198800000000000♠ Super Bowl XXIII
1988
Lost vs. San Francisco

26
Washington Redskins
7003199100000000000♠ Super Bowl XXVI
1991
Won vs. Buffalo

24
Buffalo Bills
7003199300000000000♠ Super Bowl XXVIII
1993
Lost vs. Dallas

23
Jacksonville Jaguars
7000100000000000000♠ Never (enfranchised 1995)

z —

23
Los Angeles Chargers [f]
7003199400000000000♠ Super Bowl XXIX
1994
Lost vs. San Francisco

22
Dallas Cowboys
7003199500000000000♠ Super Bowl XXX
1995
Won vs. Pittsburgh

18
Tennessee Titans
7003199900000000000♠ Super Bowl XXXIV
1999
Lost vs. St. Louis Rams

16
Houston Texans
7000200000000000000♠ Never (enfranchised 2002)

z —

16
Los Angeles Rams [g]
7003200100000000000♠ Super Bowl XXXVI
2001
Lost vs. New England

15
Tampa Bay Buccaneers
7003200200000000000♠ Super Bowl XXXVII
2002
Won vs. Oakland

15
Oakland Raiders
7003200210000000000♠ Super Bowl XXXVII
2002
Lost vs. Tampa Bay

11
Chicago Bears
7003200600000000000♠ Super Bowl XLI
2006
Lost vs. Indianapolis

9
Arizona Cardinals
7003200800000000000♠ Super Bowl XLIII
2008
Lost vs. Pittsburgh

8
New Orleans Saints
7003200900000000000♠ Super Bowl XLIV
2009
Won vs. Indianapolis

8
Indianapolis Colts
7003200900000000000♠ Super Bowl XLIV
2009
Lost vs. New Orleans

7
Green Bay Packers
7003201000000000000♠ Super Bowl XLV
2010
Won vs. Pittsburgh

7
Pittsburgh Steelers
7003201010000000000♠ Super Bowl XLV
2010
Lost vs. Green Bay

6
New York Giants
7003201100000000000♠ Super Bowl XLVI
2011
Won vs. New England

5
Baltimore Ravens
7003201200000000000♠ Super Bowl XLVII
2012
Won vs. San Francisco

5
San Francisco 49ers
7003201210000000000♠ Super Bowl XLVII
2012
Lost vs. Baltimore Ravens

3
Seattle Seahawks
7003201420000000000♠ Super Bowl XLIX
2014
Lost vs. New England

2
Carolina Panthers
7003201500000000000♠ Super Bowl 50
2015
Lost vs. Denver

2
Denver Broncos
7003201500000000000♠ Super Bowl 50
2015
Won vs. Carolina

1
Atlanta Falcons
7003201600000000000♠ Super Bowl LI
2016
Lost vs. New England

.75
ZSuper Bowl LII teams
2016
2016
zz

0
New England Patriots
7003201700000000000♠ Super Bowl LII
2017
Lost vs. Philadelphia

0
Philadelphia Eagles
7003201700000000000♠ Super Bowl LII
2017
Won vs. New England

text:
e The Browns were dormant from 1996–1998. Since returning 19 seasons ago, Cleveland has never appeared in a Super Bowl or NFL championship game.
f The Los Angeles Chargers last appeared in the Super Bowl as the San Diego Chargers.
g The Los Angeles Rams last appeared in the Super Bowl as the St. Louis Rams.

text: Super Bowl win droughts[edit]

text: This list also counts all seasons since a team last won the league championship.

text:
Drought References[1][3]

Seasons
Team
Last Super Bowl crown
(1966–present)
NFL
Season
Last League Championship crown
Before 1970 Merger
(1920–1969)
Seasons

52
Arizona Cardinals[a]
Never
—
1947 NFL Championship
70

52
Detroit Lions
Never
—
1957 NFL Championship
60

52
Tennessee Titans[b]
Never
—
1961 AFL Championship
56

52
Los Angeles Chargers
Never
—
1963 AFL Championship
54

52
Buffalo Bills
Never
—
1965 AFL Championship
52

49
Cleveland Browns [d]
Never
—
1964 NFL Championship
50

52
Minnesota Vikings
Never
—
1969 NFL Championship[c]
48

52
Atlanta Falcons
Never (enfranchised 1966)
—

50
Cincinnati Bengals
Never (enfranchised 1968)
—

49
New York Jets [e]
Super Bowl III
1968

48
Kansas City Chiefs [e]
Super Bowl IV
1969

44
Miami Dolphins
Super Bowl VIII
1973

34
Oakland Raiders [f]
Super Bowl XVIII
1983

32
Chicago Bears
Super Bowl XX
1985

26
Washington Redskins
Super Bowl XXVI
1991

23
Jacksonville Jaguars
Never (enfranchised 1995)
—

23
Carolina Panthers
Never (enfranchised 1995)
—

23
San Francisco 49ers
Super Bowl XXIX
1994

22
Dallas Cowboys
Super Bowl XXX
1995

18
Los Angeles Rams [g]
Super Bowl XXXIV
1999

16
Houston Texans
Never (enfranchised 2002)
—

15
Tampa Bay Buccaneers
Super Bowl XXXVII
2002

11
Indianapolis Colts
Super Bowl XLI
2006

9
Pittsburgh Steelers
Super Bowl XLIII
2008

8
New Orleans Saints
Super Bowl XLIV
2009

7
Green Bay Packers
Super Bowl XLV
2010

6
New York Giants
Super Bowl XLVI
2011

5
Baltimore Ravens
Super Bowl XLVII
2012

4
Seattle Seahawks
Super Bowl XLVIII
2013

2
Denver Broncos
Super Bowl 50
2015

1
New England Patriots
Super Bowl LI
2016

.75
ZDefending champion
2015
z

0
Philadelphia Eagles
Super Bowl LII
2017

text:
a Team won as the Chicago Cardinals in 1947.
b Team won as the Houston Oilers in 1961.
c AFL and NFL league champions met in Super Bowls I thru IV before the 1970 merger (1966–1969). They are not generally counted in the overall league championship list.
d Browns suspended operations from 1996–1998. Since returning to the league, they have never appeared in or won a Super Bowl.
e Super Bowl winner was not the NFL league champion till after 1970 merger (Super Bowl V).
f Team was based in Los Angeles when it won Super Bowl XVIII.
g Team was based in St. Louis when it won Super Bowl XXXIV.

text: Super Bowl crown droughts by division[edit]

text:
Division
Last Super Bowl crown
Seasons

AFC South
XLI — Colts
11

NFC South
XLIV — Saints
8

NFC North
XLV — Packers
7

AFC North
XLVII — Ravens
5

NFC West
XLVIII — Seahawks
4

AFC West
50 — Broncos
2

AFC East
LI — Patriots
1

NFC East
LII — Eagles
0

text: Cities/regions awaiting first Super Bowl crown[edit]

text: Listed according to seasons waited. Current NFL cities/regions only.

text:
Last city to leave list: Philadelphia, 2017 season

City/region
Seasons waited
Conference Title(s)
Team(s)
Notes

Detroit
52
None
Detroit Lions (1966–present)
Played in the 1991 NFC Championship Game. Last NFL Championship won in 1957.

Buffalo
52
1990, 1991, 1992, 1993
Buffalo Bills (1966–present)
Played in Super Bowls XXV, XXVI, XXVII, and XXVIII. Last AFL Championship won in 1965 (pre-merger).

Atlanta
52
1998, 2016
Atlanta Falcons (1966–present)
Played in Super Bowls XXXIII and LI.

Minneapolis–St. Paul
52
1969, 1973, 1974, 1976
Minnesota Vikings (1966–present)
Played in Super Bowls IV, VIII, IX, and XI. NFL Championship won in 1969 was last title before formal AFL–NFL merger later in 1970.

Cincinnati
50
1981, 1988
Cincinnati Bengals (1968–present)
Played in Super Bowls XVI and XXIII.

Cleveland
49
None
Cleveland Browns (1966–1995, 1999–present)
Played in the 1986, 1987, and 1989 AFC Championship Games. Last NFL Championship won in 1964 (pre-merger).

Houston
47
None
31 Oilers seasons (1966–1996) and 16 Texans seasons (2002–present)
Played in the 1978 and 1979 AFC Championship Games. The Oilers franchise in Houston won the AFL Championship in 1960 and 1961 (pre-merger).

Phoenix
30
2008
Phoenix/Arizona Cardinals (1988–present)
Played in Super Bowl XLIII.

Jacksonville
23
None
Jacksonville Jaguars (1995–present)
Played in the 1996, 1999 and 2017 AFC Championship Games.

Charlotte
23
2003, 2015
Carolina Panthers (1995–present)
Played in Super Bowls XXXVIII and 50.

Nashville
21
1999
Tennessee Oilers/Titans (1997–present)
Played in Super Bowl XXXIV.

text: Division title droughts[edit]

text: Listed according to seasons waited. Updated through the 2017 season.

text:
0^0
Longest drought in team history

text:
Franchise
0 0 Most recent0 0
division title
0Year0
Seasons

Cleveland Browns^
AFC Central
1989
25**

Detroit Lions^
NFC Central
1993
24

Buffalo Bills^
AFC East
1995
22

Oakland Raiders^
AFC West
2002
15

New York Jets
AFC East
2002
15

Tampa Bay Buccaneers
NFC South
2007
10

Miami Dolphins^
AFC East
2008
9

Tennessee Titans
AFC South
2008
9

Los Angeles Chargers
AFC West
2009
8

Chicago Bears
NFC North
2010
7

New York Giants
NFC East
2011
6

Baltimore Ravens
AFC North
2012
5

San Francisco 49ers
NFC West
2012
5

Indianapolis Colts
AFC South
2014
3

Cincinnati Bengals
AFC North
2015
2

Denver Broncos
AFC West
2015
2

Washington Redskins
NFC East
2015
2

Carolina Panthers
NFC South
2015
2

Arizona Cardinals
NFC West
2015
2

Houston Texans
AFC South
2016
1

Dallas Cowboys
NFC East
2016
1

Green Bay Packers
NFC North
2016
1

Atlanta Falcons
NFC South
2016
1

Seattle Seahawks
NFC West
2016
1

2017 Division Champions

New England Patriots
AFC East
2017
—

Pittsburgh Steelers
AFC North
2017
—

Jacksonville Jaguars
AFC South
2017
—

Kansas City Chiefs
AFC West
2017
—

Philadelphia Eagles
NFC East
2017
—

Minnesota Vikings
NFC North
2017
—

New Orleans Saints
NFC South
2017
—

Los Angeles Rams
NFC West
2017
—

text: **Does not include the three seasons (1996–1998) during which the franchise suspended operations.

text: Historical team droughts[edit]

text: Closest approaches without winning the Super Bowl[edit]

text: Counted from the first Super Bowl season, 1966, to present. Updated through the Super Bowl LII.

text:
Last team to leave this list - 2017 Philadelphia Eagles

Team
Wild Card appearances1
Divisional Round appearances2
Conference Final appearances3
Super Bowl appearances
Fewest wins short of
Super Bowl Title

Minnesota Vikings
12
21
9
4
1 win short : 1969, 1973, 1974, 1976

Buffalo Bills
7
10
5
4
1 win short : 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993

Cincinnati Bengals
8
6
2
2
1 win short : 1982, 1988

Atlanta Falcons
7
10
4
2
1 win short : 1998, 2016

Carolina Panthers
4
7
4
2
1 win short : 2003, 2015

Los Angeles Chargers
6
10
4
1
1 win short : 1994

Tennessee Titans
13
13
4
1
1 win short : 1999

Arizona Cardinals
4
6
2
1
1 win short : 2008

Cleveland Browns
3
8
6

2 wins short : 1968, 1969, 1986, 1987, 1989

Jacksonville Jaguars
6
5
3

2 wins short : 1996, 1999, 2017

Detroit Lions
8
3
1

2 wins short : 1991

Houston Texans
4
3

3 wins short : 2011, 2012, 2016

text: Playoff droughts of 5 plus seasons[edit]

text:
0^0
Denotes active streak

text:
Last place NFL finishes
Last place AFL finishes (1960–1969)

text:
List of Droughts[1]

Seasons
Team
Drought Duration
Division or Conference Last Place
finishes during drought
League Worst win-loss record
during drought

Last Place
Seasons

7001250000000000000♠25
Washington Redskins A !Washington Redskins
1946–1970
4
1950, 1952, 1960–1961
1961

7001250000000000000♠25
Arizona Cardinals A !Chicago / St. Louis Cardinals
1949–1973
5
1951, 1953–1954, 1957, 1959
1953, 1954, 1957 tie, 19591959 tie

7001240000000000000♠24
Pittsburgh Steelers A !Pittsburgh Steelers
1948–1971
5
1955, 1965, 1967–1969
1965, 1969 tie

7001200000000000000♠20
New Orleans Saints A !New Orleans Saints
1967–1986
9
1967, 1970–1972, 1975, 1977, 1980–1981, 1986
19751975 tie, 1980

7001170000000000000♠17
Denver Broncos A !Denver Broncos
1960–1976
8
1960, 1963–1967, 1970–1971
1960, 1963, 1964, 1965 tie, 1967

7001170000000000000♠17
Philadelphia Eagles A !Philadelphia Eagles
1961–1977
7
1962–1963, 1968–1970, 1972, 1975
1968 tie

7001170000000000000♠17
New York Giants D !New York Giants
1964–1980
9
1964, 1966, 1971, 1973–1974, 1976–1978, 1980
1964, 1966, 1974 tie

7001170000000000000♠17
Buffalo Bills A !Buffalo Bills
2000–2016
8
2001–2002, 2008–2013
—

7001160000000000000♠16
Detroit Lions A !Detroit Lions
1936–1951
4
1942, 1946–1948
1942, 1946, 1948

7001150000000000000♠15
Arizona Cardinals B !Chicago Cardinals
1932–1946
10
1933, 1935–1936, 1938–1940, 1943–1946
1933, 1938 tie, 1939, 1943, 1944 tie[a], 1945

7001150000000000000♠15
Green Bay Packers A !Green Bay Packers
1945–1959
4
1949, 1953, 1957, 1958
1957 tie, 1958

7001150000000000000♠15
Arizona Cardinals C !St. Louis / Phoenix / Arizona Cardinals
1983–1997
7
1985–1986, 1990–1992, 1995, 1997
—

7001150000000000000♠15 ^
Cleveland Browns A !Cleveland Browns
2003–2017
13
2003–2006, 2008–2009, 2011–2017
2015 tie, 2016, 2017

7001140000000000000♠14
Pittsburgh Steelers B !Pittsburgh Pirates / Steelers
1933–1946
7
1933–1934, 1938–1939, 1941, 1944–1945
1938 tie, 1941, 1944 tie[a]

7001140000000000000♠14
Philadelphia Eagles B !Philadelphia Eagles
1933–1946
5
1935–1937, 1940, 1942
1935, 1936, 1940

7001140000000000000♠14
Kansas City Chiefs A !Kansas City Chiefs
1972–1985
5
1977–1979, 1983, 1985
19771977 tie

7001140000000000000♠14
Tampa Bay Buccaneers A !Tampa Bay Buccaneers
1983–1996
8
1983, 1985–1986, 1989, 1991, 1993–1995
19831983 tie, 1985 tie, 1986

7001140000000000000♠14
Cincinnati Bengals A !Cincinnati Bengals
1991–2004
6
1991–1993, 1998, 2001–2002
1993, 1998 tie, 2002

7001130000000000000♠13
Chicago Bears A !Chicago Bears
1964–1976
5
1969–1970, 1972–1974
1969 tie

7001130000000000000♠13
San Diego Chargers A !San Diego Chargers
1966–1978
3
1972–1973, 1975
1975 tie

7001130000000000000♠13
Oakland Raiders A !Oakland Raiders
2003–2015
6
2004–2007, 2013–2014
2003 tie, 2006

7001120000000000000♠12
Detroit Lions B !Detroit Lions
1958–1969
2
1966, 1968
—

7001120000000000000♠12
San Francisco 49ers A !San Francisco 49ers
1958–1969
3
1963–1964, 1969
1963

7001120000000000000♠12
New England Patriots A !Boston / New England Patriots
1964–1975
4
1967, 1970, 1972, 1975
1970

7001120000000000000♠12
Atlanta Falcons A !Atlanta Falcons
1966–1977
3
1967–1968, 1974
1967, 1968 tie

7001120000000000000♠12
Los Angeles Rams A !St. Louis / Los Angeles Rams
2005–2016
6
2007–2009, 2011, 2013–2014
2009, 2011 tie

7001110000000000000♠11
Los Angeles Rams B !Los Angeles Rams
1956–1966
4
1956, 1959, 1962, 1965
19591959 tie, 1962

7001110000000000000♠11
New York Jets A !New York Jets
1970–1980
1
1980
—

7001110000000000000♠11
Detroit Lions C !Detroit Lions
1971–1981
1
1979
19791979 tie

7001110000000000000♠11
Detroit Lions D !Detroit Lions
2000–2010
6
2001–2003, 2006, 2008–2009
2008

7001100000000000000♠10
Philadelphia Eagles C !Philadelphia Eagles
1950–1959
2
1956, 1958
1956

7001100000000000000♠10
Green Bay Packers B !Green Bay Packers
1983–1992
1
1988
—

7001100000000000000♠10
Seattle Seahawks A !Seattle Seahawks
1989–1998
4
1992–1994, 1996
1992 tie

7001100000000000000♠10 ^
Tampa Bay Buccaneers B !Tampa Bay Buccaneers
2008–2017
7
2009, 2011–2015, 2017
20142014 tie

7000900000000000000♠9
Green Bay Packers C !Green Bay Packers
1973–1981
2
1976, 1980
—

7000900000000000000♠9
Indianapolis Colts A !Baltimore / Indianapolis Colts
1978–1986
4
1978 - 1979, 1982, 1986
1981 tie, 1982

7000900000000000000♠9
San Diego Chargers B !San Diego Chargers
1983–1991
4
1984, 1986, 1989, 1991
—

7000900000000000000♠9
Los Angeles Rams C !Los Angeles / St. Louis Rams
1990–1998
6
1991–1994, 1997–1998
—

7000900000000000000♠9
Arizona Cardinals E !Arizona Cardinals
1999–2007
4
2000, 2002–2003, 2006
2003 tie

7000900000000000000♠9
Houston Texans A !Houston Texans
2002–2010
5
2002–2003, 2005–2007
2005

7000900000000000000♠9
Jacksonville Jaguars A !Jacksonville Jaguars
2008–2016
4
2008–2009, 2012, 2016
2012 tie

7000800000000000000♠8
New York Jets B !New York Titans / Jets
1960–1967
2
1962–1963
—

7000800000000000000♠8
Tennessee Titans A !Houston Oilers
1970–1977
4
1970, 1972–1973, 1976
1972, 1973

7000800000000000000♠8
San Francisco 49ers B !San Francisco 49ers
1973–1980
2
1978–1979
1978, 1979 tie

7000800000000000000♠8
Atlanta Falcons B !Atlanta Falcons
1983–1990
7
1983–1985, 1987–1990
1987

7000800000000000000♠8
San Diego Chargers C !San Diego Chargers
1996–2003
5
1997–1998, 2000–2001, 2003
2000, 2003 tie

7000800000000000000♠8
San Francisco 49ers C !San Francisco 49ers
2003–2010
2
2004–2005
2004

7000800000000000000♠8
Tennessee Titans B !Tennessee Titans
2009–2016
3
2010, 2014–2015
20142014 tie, 2015 tie

7000700000000000000♠7
Los Angeles Rams D !Cleveland Rams
1937–1944 [b]
2
1937, 1941
1937

7000700000000000000♠7
San Francisco 49ers D !San Francisco 49ers
1950–1956
0
—
—

7000700000000000000♠7
Oakland Raiders B !Oakland Raiders
1960–1966
2
1961–1962
1961, 1962

7000700000000000000♠7
Minnesota Vikings A !Minnesota Vikings
1961–1967
3
1961, 1966–1967
—

7000700000000000000♠7
Buffalo Bills B !Buffalo Bills
1967–1973
2
1968, 1971

1968
1971

7000700000000000000♠7
Cleveland Browns B !Cleveland Browns
1973–1979
3
1974–1975, 1977
—

7000700000000000000♠7
Seattle Seahawks B !Seattle Seahawks
1976–1982
3
1976, 1980–1981
—

7000700000000000000♠7
Detroit Lions E !Detroit Lions
1984–1990
1
1987
—

7000700000000000000♠7
New England Patriots A !New England Patriots
1987–1993
2
1990, 1992
1990, 1992 tie

7000700000000000000♠7
Indianapolis Colts B !Indianapolis Colts
1988–1994
2
1991, 1993
1991

7000700000000000000♠7
New Orleans Saints B !New Orleans Saints
1993–1999
3
1995–1996, 1999
—

7000700000000000000♠7
Miami Dolphins A !Miami Dolphins
2009–2015
1
2015
—

7000700000000000000♠7 ^
Chicago Bears B !Chicago Bears
2011–2017
4
2014–2017
—

7000700000000000000♠7 ^
New York Jets C !New York Jets
2011–2017
3
2014, 2016–2017
—

7000600000000000000♠6
Chicago Bears C !Chicago Bears
1957–1962
0
—
—

7000600000000000000♠6
Dallas Cowboys A !Dallas Cowboys
1960–1965
1
1960
1960

7000600000000000000♠6
Arizona Cardinals E !St. Louis Cardinals
1976–1981
2
1979, 1981
—

7000600000000000000♠6
Tennessee Titans C !Houston Oilers
1981–1986
4
1983–1986
19831983 tie

7000600000000000000♠6
Buffalo Bills C !Buffalo Bills
1982–1987
2
1984–1985
1984, 1985 tie

7000600000000000000♠6
Philadelphia Eagles D !Philadelphia Eagles
1982–1987
1
1984
—

7000600000000000000♠6
New York Jets D !New York Jets
1992–1997
3
1994–1996
1995, 1996

7000600000000000000♠6
Washington Redskins B !Washington Redskins
1993–1998
2
1993–1994
—

7000600000000000000♠6
Oakland Raiders C !Los Angeles / Oakland Raiders
1994–1999
0
—
—

7000600000000000000♠6
Chicago Bears D !Chicago Bears
1995–2000
4
1997–2000
—

7000600000000000000♠6
Carolina Panthers A !Carolina Panthers
1997–2002
2
2001–2002
2001

7000600000000000000♠6
Miami Dolphins B !Miami Dolphins
2002–2007
3
2004, 2006–2007
2007

7000500000000000000♠5
New York Giants D !New York Giants
1951–1955
0
—
—

7000500000000000000♠5
Chicago Bears E !Chicago Bears
1951–1955
0
—
—

7000500000000000000♠5
Indianapolis Colts C !Baltimore Colts
1953–1957
1
1954
—

7000500000000000000♠5
Cleveland Browns C !Cleveland Browns
1959–1963
0
—
—

7000500000000000000♠5
Buffalo Bills D !Buffalo Bills
1975–1979
2
1976–1977
—

7000500000000000000♠5
Cincinnati Bengals B !Cincinnati Bengals
1976–1980
3
1978–1980
—

7000500000000000000♠5
Washington Redskins C !Washington Redskins
1977–1981
0
—
—

7000500000000000000♠5
Cincinnati Bengals C !Cincinnati Bengals
1983–1987
1
1987
—

7000500000000000000♠5
Dallas Cowboys B !Dallas Cowboys
1986–1990
2
1988, 1989
1988, 1989

7000500000000000000♠5
Tennessee Titans D !Houston / Tennessee Oilers
1994–1998
1
1994
1994

7000500000000000000♠5
Kansas City Chiefs B !Kansas City Chiefs
1998–2002
1
2002
—

7000500000000000000♠5
Washington Redskins D !Washington Redskins
2000–2004
1
2004
—

7000500000000000000♠5
Jacksonville Jaguars B !Jacksonville Jaguars
2000–2004
0
—
—

7000500000000000000♠5
New Orleans Saints C !New Orleans Saints
2001–2005
1
2005
—

7000500000000000000♠5
Denver Broncos B !Denver Broncos
2006–2010
1
2010
—

Seasons
Team
Drought Duration
Last Place
Seasons
League Worst win-loss record
during drought

Division or Conference Last Place
finishes during drought

text: Most consecutive post-season losses in team history[edit]

text: This is a sortable table of all 32 current NFL teams. Ten teams have multiple losing streaks where they lost an equal number of post season games before breaking the drought.

text: Updated through the 2017 season.

text:
0^0
Denotes active drought

text:
Team
Streak lasted
Last win
Games Lost
Playoff Losses
Score
Opponent
Next win

Arizona Cardinals
7001510000000000000♠ 51 years
1947
Championship
4.1 !4
1948 NFL Champ.
1974 Div.
1975 Div.
1982 1st Round
-1 !0–7
14–30
23–35
16–41
Eagles
Vikings
Rams
Packers
1998 Wild Card

Atlanta Falcons
7000800000000000000♠ 8 years
2004 Divisional
4.2 !4
2004 NFC Champ.
2008 Wild Card
2010 Div.
2011 Wild Card
10–27
24–30
21–48
2–24
Eagles
Cardinals
Packers
Giants
2012 Divisional

Baltimore Ravens
7000700000000000000♠ 7 years
2001
Wild Card
3.1 !3
2001 Div.
2003 Wild Card
2006 Div.
10–27
17–20
6–15
Steelers
Titans
Colts
2008 Wild Card

Buffalo Bills^
7001220000000000000♠ 22 years
1995
Div !1995
Wild Card
5.3 !5
1995 Div.
1996 Wild Card
1998 Wild Card
1999 Wild Card
2017 Wild Card
21–40
27–30
17–24
16–22
3–10
Steelers
Jaguars
Dolphins
Titans
Jaguars
TBD

Carolina Panthers
7000800000000000000♠ 8 years
2005
Divisional
3
2005 NFC Champ.
2008 Div.
2013 Div.
14–34
13–33
10–23
Seahawks
Cardinals
49ers
2014 Div !2014 Wild Card

Chicago Bears
7001120000000000000♠ 12 years
1994
AF !1994
Wild Card
3.2 !3
1994 Div.
2001 Div.
2005 Div.
15–44
19–33
21–29
49ers
Eagles
Panthers
2006 Divisional

Cincinnati Bengals^
7001270000000000000♠ 27 years
1990 Div !1990
Wild Card
8
1990 Div.
2005 Wild Card
2009 Wild Card
2011 Wild Card
2012 Wild Card
2013 Wild Card
2014 Wild Card
2015 Wild Card
10–20
17–31
14–24
10–31
13–19
10–27
10–26
16–18
Raiders
Steelers
Jets
Texans
Texans
Chargers
Colts
Steelers
TBD

Cleveland Browns
7001170000000000000♠ 17 years
1969 Divisional
6
1969 NFL Champ.
1971 Div.
1972 Div.
1980 Div.
1982 1st Round
1985 Div.
7–27
3–20
14–20
12–14
10–27
21–24
Vikings
Colts
Dolphins
Raiders
Raiders
Dolphins
1986 Divisional

Dallas Cowboys
7001130000000000000♠ 13 years
1996
Div !1996
Wild Card
6.2 !6
1996 Div.
1998 Wild Card
1999 Wild Card
2003 Wild Card
2006 Wild Card
2007 Div.
17–26
7–20
10–27
10–29
20–21
17–21
Panthers
Cardinals
Vikings
Panthers
Seahawks
Giants
2009 Wild Card

Denver Broncos
7000900000000000000♠ 9 years
1977
Conference
Championship
5.1 !5
1977 !Super Bowl XII
1978 Div.
1979 Wild Card
1983 Wild Card
1984 Div.
10–27
10–33
7–13
7–31
17–24
Cowboys
Steelers
Oilers
Seahawks
Steelers
1986 Divisional

Detroit Lions^
7001260000000000000♠ 26 years
1991
Divisional
9
1991.2 !1991 NFC Champ.
1993 Wild Card
1994 Wild Card
1995 Wild Card
1997 Wild Card
1999 Wild Card
2011 Wild Card
2014 Wild Card
2016 Wild Card
10–41
24–28
12–16
37–58
10–20
13–27
28–45
20–24
6-26
Redskins
Packers
Packers
Eagles
Buccaneers
Redskins
Saints
Cowboys
Seahawks
TBD

Green Bay Packers
005 (2 loss) streaks
7000400000000000000♠ 4 years
1997 Conference
Championship
2.2 !2
1997.2 !Super Bowl XXXII
1998 Wild Card
24–31
27–30
Broncos
49ers
2001 Wild Card

7000200000000000000♠ 2 years
2001
Wild Card
2.3 !2
2001.1 !2001 Div.
2002 Wild Card
17–45
7–27
Rams
Falcons
2003 Wild Card

7000400000000000000♠ 4 years
2003
Wild Card
2.4 !2
2003.1 !2003 Div.
2004 Wild Card
17–20 (OT)
17–31
Eagles
Vikings
2007 Divisional

7000300000000000000♠ 3 years
2007
Divisional
2.5 !2
2007.2 !2007 NFC Champ.
2009 Wild Card
20–23 (OT)
45–51 (OT)
Giants
Cardinals
2010 Wild Card

7000200000000000000♠ 2 years
2012
Wild Card
2.6 !2
2012 Div.
2013 Wild Card
31–45
20–23
49ers
49ers
2014 Divisional

Houston Texans
7000400000000000000♠ 4 years
2012 Wild Card
2
2012.1 !2012 Divisional
2015 Wild Card
28–41
0–30
Patriots
Chiefs
2016 Wild Card

Indianapolis Colts
002 (5 loss) streaks
7001240000000000000♠24 years
1971
Divisional
5.2 !5
1971.1 !1971 AFC Champ.
1975 Div.
1976 Div.
1977 Div.
1987 Div.
0–21
10–28
14–40
31–37 (2 OT)
21–38
Dolphins
Steelers
Steelers
Raiders
Browns
1995 Wild Card

7000800000000000000♠ 8 years
1995
Divisional
5.3 !5
1995.3 !1995 AFC Champ.
1996 Wild Card
1999 Div.
2000 Wild Card
2002 Wild Card
16–20
14–42
16–19
17–23 (OT)
0–41
Steelers
Steelers
Titans
Dolphins
Jets
2003 Wild Card

Jacksonville Jaguars
002 (2 loss) streaks
2 years
1996
Divisional
2.6 !2
1996.2 !1996 AFC Champ.
1997 Wild Card
6–20
17–42
Patriots
Broncos
1998 Wild Card

7000800000000000000♠ 8 years
1999
Divisional
2.7 !2
1999.2 !1999 AFC Champ.
2005 Wild Card
14–33
3–28
Titans
Patriots
2007 Div !2007 Wild Card

Kansas City Chiefs
7001210000000000000♠ 21 years
1993
Divisional
8
1993.2 !1993 AFC Champ.
1994 Wild Card
1995 Div.
1997 Div.
2003 Div.
2006 Wild Card
2010 Wild Card
2013 Wild Card
13–30
17–27
7–10
10–14
31–38
8–23
7–30
44–45
Bills
Dolphins
Colts
Broncos
Colts
Colts
Ravens
Colts
2015 Wild Card

Los Angeles Chargers
7001130000000000000♠ 13 years
1994
AFC Championship
4.8 !4
1994.2 !Super Bowl XXIX
1995 Wild Card
2004 Wild Card
2006 Div.
26–49
20–35
17–20 (OT)
21–24
49ers
Colts
Jets
Patriots
2007 Div !2007 Wild Card

Los Angeles Rams
7001230000000000000♠ 23 years
1951
Championship
5.5 !5
1952 Nat. Conf.
1955 NFL Champ.
1967 NFL W Conf.
1969 NFL W Conf.
1973 Div.
21–31
14–38
7–28
20–23
16–27
Lions
Browns
Packers
Vikings
Cowboys
1974 Divisional

Miami Dolphins ^
002 (4 loss) streaks
7000900000000000000♠ 9 years
1973
Super Bowl
4.5 !4
1974 Div.
1978 Wild Card
1979 Div.
1981 Div.
26–28
9–17
14–34
38–41 (OT)
Raiders
Oilers
Steelers
Chargers
1982 First Round

7001170000000000000♠ 17 years
2000
Wild Card
4.9 !4
2000 Div.
2001 Wild Card
2008 Wild Card
2016 Wild Card
0–27
3–20
9–27
12–30
Raiders
Ravens
Ravens
Steelers
TBD

Minnesota Vikings
7000900000000000000♠ 9 years
1988
Wild Card
6.3 !6
1988 Div.
1989 Div.
1992 Wild Card
1993 Wild Card
1994 Wild Card
1996 Wild Card
9–34
13–41
7–24
10–17
18–35
15–45
49ers
49ers
Redskins
Giants
Bears
Cowboys
1997 Wild Card

New England Patriots
7001220000000000000♠ 22 years
1963
Divisional
4.6 !4
1963 AFL Champ.
1976 Div.
1978 Div.
1982 1st Round
10–51
21–24
14–31
13–28
Chargers
Raiders
Oilers
Dolphins
1985 Wild Card

New Orleans Saints
7001320000000000000♠ 32 years
1967 Enfranchised
No Playoff
Wins
till 2000
4.7 !4
1987 Wild Card
1990 Wild Card
1991 Wild Card
1992 Wild Card
10–44
6–16
20–27
20–36
Vikings
Bears
Falcons
Eagles
2000 Wild Card

New York Giants
7001180000000000000♠ 18 years
1938
Championship
6.4 !6
1939 NFL Champ.
1941 NFL Champ.
1943 East Div.
1944 NFL Champ.
1946 NFL Champ.
1950 Am. Conf.
0–27
9–37
0–28
7–14
14–24
3–8
Packers
Bears
Redskins
Packers
Bears
Browns
1956 Championship

New York Jets
005 (2 loss) streaks
7001140000000000000♠ 14 years
1968
Super Bowl III
2.8 !2
1969 AFL Div.
1981 Wild Card
6–13
27–31
Chiefs
Bills
1982 First Round

7000400000000000000♠ 4 years
1982 2nd Round
2.9 !2
1982.1 !1982 AFC Champ.
1985 Wild Card
0–14
14–26
Dolphins
Patriots
1986 Wild Card

7001120000000000000♠ 12 years
1986 Wild Card
2.91 !2
1986 Div.
1991 Wild Card
20–23 (2 OT)
10–17
Browns
Oilers
1998 World !1998 Divisional

7000400000000000000♠ 4 years
1998 Divisional
2.92 !2
1998.1 !1998 AFC Champ.
2001 Wild Card
10–23
24–38
Broncos
Raiders
2002 Div !2002 Wild Card

7000500000000000000♠ 5 years
2004
Wild Card
2.93 !2
2004.1 !2004 Divisional
2006 Wild Card
17–20 (OT)
16–37
Steelers
Patriots
2009 Wild Card

Oakland Raiders ^
004 (2 loss) streaks
7000300000000000000♠ 3 years
1970
Divisional
2.94 !2
1970 AFC Champ.
1972 Div.
17–27
7–13
Colts
Steelers
1973 Divisional

7000700000000000000♠ 7 years
1983
Super Bowl XVIII
2.95 !2
1984 Wild Card
1985 Div.
7–13
20–27
Seahawks
Patriots
1990 Divisional

7000300000000000000♠ 3 years
1990 Divisional
2.96 !2
1990.2 !1990 AFC Champ.
1991 Wild Card
3–51
6–10
Bills
Chiefs
1993 Wild Card

7001150000000000000♠ 15 years
2002 AFC Championship
2.96 !2
1990.2 !Super Bowl XXXVIII
2016 Wild Card
24-41
14-27
Bucs
Texans
TBD

Philadelphia Eagles
7001120000000000000♠ 12 years
1980
Conference
Championship
5.4 !5
1980.1 !Super Bowl XV
1981 Wild Card
1988 Div.
1989 Wild Card
1990 Wild Card
10–27
21–27
12–20
7–21
6–20
Raiders
Giants
Bears
Rams
Redskins
1992 Wild Card

Pittsburgh Steelers
002 (3 loss) streaks
7000500000000000000♠ 5 years
1989
Wild Card
3.3 !3
1989.1 !1989 Div.
1992 Div.
1993 Wild Card
23–24
3–24
24–27
Broncos
Bills
Chiefs
1994 Divisional

7000400000000000000♠4 years
2010 AFC Championship
3
2010.1 !Super Bowl XLV
2011 Wild Card
2014 Wild Card
25–31
23–29
17–30
Packers
Broncos
Ravens
2015 Wild Card

San Francisco 49ers
7000400000000000000♠4 years
1984
Super Bowl XIX
3.4 !3
1985 Wild Card
1986 Div.
1987 Div.
3–17
3–49
24–36
Giants
Giants
Vikings
1988 Divisional

Seattle Seahawks
7001210000000000000♠ 21 years
1984
Su !1984
Wild Card
6.5 !6
1984.2 !1984 Div.
1987 Wild Card
1988 Div.
1999 Wild Card
2003 Wild Card
2004 Wild Card
10–31
20–23 (OT)
13–21
17–20
27–33 (OT)
20–27
Dolphins
Oilers
Bengals
Dolphins
Packers
Rams
2005 Divisional

Tampa Bay Buccaneers
002 (3 loss) streaks
7001180000000000000♠ 18 years
1979
Divisional
3.5 !3
1979.2 !1979 NFC Champ.
1981 Div.
1982 1st Round
0–9
0–38
17–30
Rams
Cowboys
Cowboys
1997 Wild Card

7000300000000000000♠3 years
1999
Divisional
3.6 !3
1999.3 !1999 NFC Champ.
2000 Wild Card
2001 Wild Card
6–11
3–21
9–31
Rams
Eagles
Eagles
2002 Divisional

Tennessee Titans
004 (3 loss) streaks
7001170000000000000♠ 17 years
1961 AFL
Championship
3.7 !3
1962 AFL Champ.
1967 AFL Champ.
1969 AFL Div.
17–20 (2 OT)
7–40
7–56
Chief !Dallas Texans
Raiders
Raiders
1978 Wild Card

7000300000000000000♠ 3 years
1988
Wild Card
3.8 !3
1988 Div.
1989 Wild Card
1990 Wild Card
10–17
23–26 (OT)
14–41
Bills
Steelers
Bengals
1991 Wild Card

7000800000000000000♠ 8 years
1991
Div !1991
Wild Card
3.9 !3
1991.1 !1991 Divisional
1992 Wild Card
1993 Divisional
24–26
38–41 (OT)
20–28
Broncos
Bills
Chiefs
1999 Wild Card

7001130000000000000♠ 13 years
2003
Wild Card
3.91 !3
2003.3 !2003 Div.
2007 Wild Card
2008 Div.
14–17
6–17
10–13
Patriots
Chargers
Ravens
2017 Wild Card

Washington Redskins ^
002 (4 loss) streaks
7001100000000000000♠ 10 years
1972
NFC Championship
4.9 !4
1972.2 !Super Bowl VII
1973 Div.
1974 Div.
1976 Div.
7–14
20–27
10–19
20–35
Dolphins
Vikings
Rams
Vikings
1982 First Round

7001120000000000000♠ 12 years
2005
Wild Card
4.9 !4
2005 Div.
2007 Wild Card
2012 Wild Card
2015 Wild Card
10–20
14–35
14–24
18–35
Seahawks
Seahawks
Seahawks
Packers
TBD

Team
Streak lasted
Last win
Games Lost
Playoff Games
Score
Opponent
Next win

text: Longest post-season droughts in team history[edit]

text: Note that the NFL did not institute a permanent playoff tournament until 1967 and that the NFL Championship Game and any impromptu one-game playoffs (played only in the event of a tie atop the division standings) were the only postseason matchups in this era (the Bert Bell Benefit Bowl is considered an exhibition game for the purpose of this list).

text: Updated through the 2017 season.

text:
0^0
Denotes active streak

text:
No post season appearances

Team
Longest streak with
no post-season appearances
Seasons

Washington Redskins
1946–1970
25

Arizona Cardinals
1949–1973
25

Pittsburgh Steelers
1948–1971
24

New Orleans Saints
1967–1986
20

Denver Broncos
1960–1976
17

Philadelphia Eagles
1961–1977
17

New York Giants
1964–1980
17

Buffalo Bills
2000–2016
17

Detroit Lions
1936–1951
16

Green Bay Packers
1945–1959
15

Cleveland Browns^
2003–2017^
15

Kansas City Chiefs
1972–1985
14

Tampa Bay Buccaneers
1983–1996
14

Cincinnati Bengals
1991–2004
14

Chicago Bears
1964–1976
13

Los Angeles Chargers
1966–1978
13

Oakland Raiders
2003–2015
13

San Francisco 49ers
1958–1969
12

New England Patriots
1964–1975
12

Atlanta Falcons
1966–1977
12

Los Angeles Rams
2005–2016
12

New York Jets
1970–1980
11

Seattle Seahawks
1989–1998
10

Indianapolis Colts
1978–1986
9

Houston Texans
2002–2010
9

Jacksonville Jaguars
2008–2016
9

Tennessee Titans
1970–1977
2009–2016

8

Minnesota Vikings
1961–1967
7

Miami Dolphins
2009–2015
7

Dallas Cowboys
1960–1965
6

Carolina Panthers
1997–2002
6

Baltimore Ravens
1996–1999
4

Team
Longest streak with
no post-season appearances
Seasons

No post season victories

Team
Longest streak with
no post-season victories
Seasons

Arizona Cardinals
1948–1997
50

Pittsburgh Steelers
1933–1971
39

Detroit Lions
1958–1990
33

New Orleans Saints
1967–1999
33

Washington Redskins
1944–1971
28

Cincinnati Bengals^
1991–2017^
27

Indianapolis Colts
1972–1994
23

Los Angeles Rams
1952–1973
22

New York Giants
1959–1980
22

Buffalo Bills^
1996–2017^
22

New England Patriots
1964–1984
21

Kansas City Chiefs
1970–1990
1994–2014
21

San Francisco 49ers
1950–1969
20

Chicago Bears
1964–1983
20

Seattle Seahawks
1985–2004
20

Cleveland Browns^
1995, 1999–2017^
20

Philadelphia Eagles
1961–1978
18

Denver Broncos
1960–1976
17

Tampa Bay Buccaneers
1980–1996
17

Miami Dolphins^
2001–2017^
17

Green Bay Packers
1945–1960
16

Tennessee Titans
1962–1977
16

Los Angeles Chargers
1964–1979
16

Oakland Raiders^
2003–2017^
15

New York Jets
1969–1981
13

Atlanta Falcons
1966–1977;
1979–1990
12

Dallas Cowboys
1997–2008
12

Houston Texans
2002–2010
9

Jacksonville Jaguars
2008–2016
9

Minnesota Vikings
1961–1968;
1989–1996
8

Carolina Panthers
2006–2013
8

Baltimore Ravens
2002–2007
6

Team
Longest streak with
no post-season victories
Seasons


document_title: List of Justices of the Supreme Court of the United States

question_text: who was most recently appointed supreme court justice

text: Current justices of the Supreme Court[edit]

text: There are currently nine justices serving on the Supreme Court; listed in order of seniority, they are:

text:
John Roberts,
Chief Justice
since September 29, 2005
Age 7001630000000000000♠63[11]

text:
Anthony Kennedy,
Associate Justice
since February 18, 1988
Age 7001810000000000000♠81[12]

Clarence Thomas,
Associate Justice
since October 23, 1991
Age 7001690000000000000♠69[13]

Ruth Bader Ginsburg,
Associate Justice
since August 10, 1993
Age 7001850000000000000♠85[14]

Stephen Breyer,
Associate Justice
since August 3, 1994
Age 7001790000000000000♠79[15]

text:
Samuel Alito,
Associate Justice
since January 31, 2006
Age 7001680000000000000♠68[16]

Sonia Sotomayor,
Associate Justice
since August 8, 2009
Age 7001630000000000000♠63[17]

Elena Kagan,
Associate Justice
since August 7, 2010
Age 7001570000000000000♠57[18]

Neil Gorsuch,
Associate Justice
since April 10, 2017
Age 7001500000000000000♠50[19]

text: All justices of the Supreme Court[edit]

text: Since the Supreme Court was established in 1789, 113 persons have served on the Court. William O. Douglas holds the record for longest tenure on the Court – 36 years, 211 days, and Thomas Johnson's 163 day tenure is the shortest. Five individuals were confirmed for associate justice, and later appointed chief justice separately: Charles Evans Hughes,[a] William Rehnquist,[b] John Rutledge,[a] Harlan F. Stone,[b] and Edward Douglass White.[b] While listed twice, each of them has been assigned only one index number. The justices of the Supreme Court are:[20][21]

text:
Justice
State[c]
Position
Replacing
Date confirmed
(Vote)
Tenure
Tenure length[d]
Appointed by

1

John Jay
(1745–1829)
NY
001 !Chief
Justice
New seat
000000001789-09-26-0000September 26, 1789
(Acclamation)
000000001789-10-19-0000October 19, 1789
–
June 29, 1795
(Resigned)
7003207900000000000♠5 years, 253 days
George Washington

2

John Rutledge
(1739–1800)
SC
018 !Associate
Justice
New seat
000000001789-09-26-0000September 26, 1789
(Acclamation)
000000001790-02-15-0000February 15, 1790
–
March 4, 1791
(Resigned)
7002382000000000000♠1 year, 17 days

3

William Cushing
(1732–1810)
MA
019 !Associate
Justice
New seat
000000001789-09-26-0000September 26, 1789
(Acclamation)
000000001790-02-02-0000February 2, 1790
–
September 13, 1810
(Died)
7003752700000000000♠20 years, 223 days

4

James Wilson
(1742–1798)
PA
020 !Associate
Justice
New seat
000000001789-09-26-0000September 26, 1789
(Acclamation)
000000001789-10-05-0000October 5, 1789
–
August 21, 1798
(Died)
7003324200000000000♠8 years, 320 days

5

John Blair
(1732–1800)
VA
021 !Associate
Justice
New seat
000000001789-09-26-0000September 26, 1789
(Acclamation)
000000001790-02-02-0000February 2, 1790
–
October 25, 1795
(Resigned)
7003209100000000000♠5 years, 265 days

6

James Iredell
(1751–1799)
NC
022 !Associate
Justice
New seat
000000001790-02-10-0000February 10, 1790
(Acclamation)
000000001790-05-12-0000May 12, 1790
–
October 20, 1799
(Died)
7003344800000000000♠9 years, 161 days

7

Thomas Johnson
(1732–1819)
MD
023 !Associate
Justice
J. Rutledge
000000001791-11-07-0000November 7, 1791
(Acclamation)
000000001792-08-06-0000August 6, 1792[e]
–
January 16, 1793
(Resigned)
7002163000000000000♠163 days

8

William Paterson
(1745–1806)
NJ
024 !Associate
Justice
T. Johnson
000000001793-03-04-0000March 4, 1793
(Acclamation)
000000001793-03-11-0000March 11, 1793
–
September 8, 1806
(Died)
7003492800000000000♠13 years, 181 days

2

John Rutledge
(1739–1800)
SC
002 !Chief
Justice
Jay
000000001795-12-15-0000December 15, 1795
(10–14)[f]
000000001795-08-12-0000August 12, 1795[e]
–
December 28, 1795
(Resigned, nomination having been rejected)
7002138000000000000♠138 days

9

Samuel Chase[g]
(1741–1811)
MD
025 !Associate
Justice
Blair
000000001796-01-27-0000January 27, 1796
(Acclamation)
000000001796-02-04-0000February 4, 1796
–
June 19, 1811
(Died)
7003561300000000000♠15 years, 135 days

10

Oliver Ellsworth
(1745–1807)
CT
003 !Chief
Justice
J. Rutledge
000000001796-03-04-0000March 4, 1796
(21–1)
000000001796-03-08-0000March 8, 1796
–
December 15, 1800
(Resigned)
7003174200000000000♠4 years, 282 days

11

Bushrod Washington
(1762–1829)
VA
026 !Associate
Justice
Wilson
000000001798-12-20-0000December 20, 1798
(Acclamation)
000000001798-11-09-0000November 9, 1798[e]
–
November 26, 1829
(Died)
7004113390000000000♠31 years, 17 days
John Adams

12

Alfred Moore
(1755–1810)
NC
027 !Associate
Justice
Iredell
000000001799-12-09-0000December 9, 1799
(Acclamation)
000000001800-04-21-0000April 21, 1800
–
January 26, 1804
(Resigned)
7003137500000000000♠3 years, 280 days

13

John Marshall
(1755–1835)
VA
004 !Chief
Justice
Ellsworth
000000001801-01-27-0000January 27, 1801
(Acclamation)
000000001801-02-04-0000February 4, 1801
–
July 6, 1835
(died)
7004125700000000000♠34 years, 152 days

14

William Johnson
(1771–1834)
SC
028 !Associate
Justice
Moore
000000001804-03-24-0000March 24, 1804
(Acclamation)
000000001804-05-07-0000May 7, 1804
–
August 4, 1834
(Died)
7004110460000000000♠30 years, 89 days
Thomas Jefferson

15

Henry Brockholst Livingston
(1757–1823)
NY
029 !Associate
Justice
Paterson
000000001806-12-17-0000December 17, 1806
(Acclamation)
000000001807-01-20-0000January 20, 1807
–
March 18, 1823
(Died)
7003590100000000000♠16 years, 57 days

16

Thomas Todd
(1765–1826)
KY
030 !Associate
Justice
New seat
000000001807-03-02-0000March 2, 1807
(Acclamation)
000000001807-03-03-0000March 3, 1807
–
February 7, 1826
(Died)
7003691600000000000♠18 years, 341 days

17

Gabriel Duvall
(1752–1844)
MD
031 !Associate
Justice
S. Chase
000000001811-11-18-0000November 18, 1811
(Acclamation)
000000001811-11-23-0000November 23, 1811
–
January 12, 1835
(Resigned)
7003845100000000000♠23 years, 50 days
James Madison

18

Joseph Story
(1779–1845)
MA
032 !Associate
Justice
Cushing
000000001811-11-18-0000November 18, 1811
(Acclamation)
000000001812-02-03-0000February 3, 1812
–
September 10, 1845
(Died)
7004122730000000000♠33 years, 219 days

19

Smith Thompson
(1768–1843)
NY
033 !Associate
Justice
Livingston
000000001823-12-09-0000December 9, 1823
(Acclamation)
000000001823-09-01-0000September 1, 1823[e]
–
December 18, 1843
(Died)
7003741300000000000♠20 years, 108 days
James Monroe

20

Robert Trimble
(1776–1828)
KY
034 !Associate
Justice
Todd
000000001826-05-09-0000May 9, 1826
(25–5)
000000001826-06-16-0000June 16, 1826
–
August 25, 1828
(Died)
7002801000000000000♠2 years, 70 days
John Quincy Adams

21

John McLean
(1785–1861)
OH
035 !Associate
Justice
Trimble
000000001829-03-07-0000March 7, 1829
(Acclamation)
000000001830-01-11-0000January 11, 1830
–
April 4, 1861
(Died)
7004114060000000000♠31 years, 83 days
Andrew Jackson

22

Henry Baldwin
(1780–1844)
PA
036 !Associate
Justice
Washington
000000001830-01-06-0000January 6, 1830
(41–2)
000000001830-01-18-0000January 18, 1830
–
April 21, 1844
(Died)
7003520700000000000♠14 years, 94 days

23

James Moore Wayne
(1790–1867)
GA
037 !Associate
Justice
W. Johnson
000000001835-01-09-0000January 9, 1835
(Acclamation)
000000001835-01-14-0000January 14, 1835
–
July 5, 1867
(Died)
7004118600000000000♠32 years, 172 days

24

Roger B. Taney
(1777–1864)
MD
005 !Chief
Justice
J. Marshall
000000001836-03-15-0000March 15, 1836
(29–15)
000000001836-03-28-0000March 28, 1836
–
October 12, 1864
(Died)
7004104250000000000♠28 years, 198 days

25

Philip Pendleton Barbour
(1783–1841)
VA
038 !Associate
Justice
Duvall
000000001836-03-15-0000March 15, 1836
(30–11)
000000001836-05-12-0000May 12, 1836
–
February 25, 1841
(Died)
7003175000000000000♠4 years, 289 days

26

John Catron
(1786–1865)
TN
039 !Associate
Justice
New seat
000000001837-03-08-0000March 8, 1837
(28–15)
000000001837-05-01-0000May 1, 1837
–
May 30, 1865
(Died)
7004102560000000000♠28 years, 29 days

27

John McKinley
(1780–1852)
AL
040 !Associate
Justice
New seat
000000001837-09-25-0000September 25, 1837
(Acclamation)
000000001838-01-09-0000January 9, 1838
–
July 19, 1852
(Died)
7003530500000000000♠14 years, 192 days
Martin Van Buren

28

Peter Vivian Daniel
(1784–1860)
VA
041 !Associate
Justice
Barbour
000000001841-03-02-0000March 2, 1841
(25–5)
000000001842-01-10-0000January 10, 1842
–
May 31, 1860
(Died)
7003671600000000000♠18 years, 142 days

29

Samuel Nelson
(1792–1873)
NY
042 !Associate
Justice
Thompson
000000001845-02-14-0000February 14, 1845
(Acclamation)
000000001845-02-27-0000February 27, 1845
–
November 28, 1872
(Retired)
7004101360000000000♠27 years, 275 days
John Tyler

30

Levi Woodbury
(1789–1851)
NH
043 !Associate
Justice
Story
000000001846-01-31-0000January 31, 1846
(Acclamation)
000000001845-09-23-0000September 23, 1845[e]
–
September 4, 1851
(Died)
7003217200000000000♠5 years, 346 days
James K. Polk

31

Robert Cooper Grier
(1794–1870)
PA
044 !Associate
Justice
Baldwin
000000001846-08-04-0000August 4, 1846
(Acclamation)
000000001846-08-10-0000August 10, 1846
–
January 31, 1870
(Retired)
7003857500000000000♠23 years, 174 days

32

Benjamin Robbins Curtis
(1809–1874)
MA
045 !Associate
Justice
Woodbury
000000001851-12-20-0000December 20, 1851
(Acclamation)
000000001851-10-10-0000October 10, 1851[e]
–
September 30, 1857
(Resigned)
7003218200000000000♠5 years, 355 days
Millard Fillmore

33

John Archibald Campbell
(1811–1889)
AL
046 !Associate
Justice
McKinley
000000001853-03-22-0000March 22, 1853
(Acclamation)
000000001853-04-11-0000April 11, 1853
–
April 30, 1861
(Resigned)
7003294100000000000♠8 years, 19 days
Franklin Pierce

34

Nathan Clifford
(1803–1881)
ME
047 !Associate
Justice
Curtis
000000001858-01-12-0000January 12, 1858
(26–23)
000000001858-01-21-0000January 21, 1858
–
July 25, 1881
(Died)
7003858600000000000♠23 years, 185 days
James Buchanan

35

Noah Haynes Swayne
(1804–1884)
OH
048 !Associate
Justice
McLean
000000001862-01-24-0000January 24, 1862
(38–1)
000000001862-01-27-0000January 27, 1862
–
January 24, 1881
(Retired)
7003693700000000000♠18 years, 363 days
Abraham Lincoln

36

Samuel Freeman Miller
(1816–1890)
IA
049 !Associate
Justice
Daniel
000000001862-07-16-0000July 16, 1862
(Acclamation)
000000001862-07-21-0000July 21, 1862
–
October 13, 1890
(Died)
7004103110000000000♠28 years, 84 days

37

David Davis
(1815–1886)
IL
050 !Associate
Justice
Campbell
000000001862-12-08-0000December 8, 1862
(Acclamation)
000000001862-12-10-0000December 10, 1862[e]
–
March 4, 1877
(Resigned)
7003519800000000000♠14 years, 84 days

38

Stephen Johnson Field
(1816–1899)
CA
051 !Associate
Justice
New seat
000000001863-03-10-0000March 10, 1863
(Acclamation)
000000001863-05-10-0000May 10, 1863
–
December 1, 1897
(Retired)
7004126240000000000♠34 years, 205 days

39

Salmon P. Chase
(1808–1873)
OH
006 !Chief
Justice
Taney
000000001864-12-06-0000December 6, 1864
(Acclamation)
000000001864-12-15-0000December 15, 1864
–
May 7, 1873
(Died)
7003306500000000000♠8 years, 143 days

40

William Strong
(1808–1895)
PA
052 !Associate
Justice
Grier
000000001870-02-18-0000February 18, 1870
(No vote recorded)
000000001870-03-14-0000March 14, 1870
–
December 14, 1880
(Retired)
7003392800000000000♠10 years, 275 days
Ulysses S. Grant

41

Joseph Philo Bradley
(1813–1892)
NJ
053 !Associate
Justice
New seat
000000001870-03-21-0000March 21, 1870
(46–9)
000000001870-03-23-0000March 23, 1870
–
January 22, 1892
(Died)
7003797500000000000♠21 years, 305 days

42

Ward Hunt
(1810–1886)
NY
054 !Associate
Justice
Nelson
000000001872-12-11-0000December 11, 1872
(Acclamation)
000000001873-01-09-0000January 9, 1873
–
January 27, 1882
(Retired)
7003330500000000000♠9 years, 18 days

43

Morrison Waite
(1816–1888)
OH
007 !Chief
Justice
S. P. Chase
000000001874-01-21-0000January 21, 1874
(63–0)
000000001874-03-04-0000March 4, 1874
–
March 23, 1888
(Died)
7003513300000000000♠14 years, 19 days

44

John Marshall Harlan
(1833–1911)
KY
055 !Associate
Justice
Davis
000000001877-11-29-0000November 29, 1877
(Acclamation)
000000001877-12-10-0000December 10, 1877
–
October 14, 1911
(Died)
7004123600000000000♠33 years, 308 days
Rutherford B. Hayes

45

William Burnham Woods
(1824–1887)
GA
056 !Associate
Justice
Strong
000000001880-12-21-0000December 21, 1880
(39–8)
000000001881-01-05-0000January 5, 1881
–
May 14, 1887
(Died)
7003232000000000000♠6 years, 129 days

46

Stanley Matthews
(1824–1889)
OH
057 !Associate
Justice
Swayne
000000001881-05-12-0000May 12, 1881
(24–23)
000000001881-05-17-0000May 17, 1881
–
March 22, 1889
(Died)
7003286600000000000♠7 years, 309 days
James Garfield

47

Horace Gray
(1828–1902)
MA
058 !Associate
Justice
Clifford
000000001881-12-20-0000December 20, 1881
(51–5)
000000001882-01-09-0000January 9, 1882
–
September 15, 1902
(Died)
7003755300000000000♠20 years, 249 days
Chester A. Arthur

48

Samuel Blatchford
(1820–1893)
NY
059 !Associate
Justice
Hunt
000000001882-03-22-0000March 22, 1882
(Acclamation)
000000001882-04-03-0000April 3, 1882
–
July 7, 1893
(Died)
7003411300000000000♠11 years, 95 days

49

Lucius Quintus
Cincinnatus Lamar II
(1825–1893)
MS
060 !Associate
Justice
Woods
000000001888-01-16-0000January 16, 1888
(32–28)
000000001888-01-18-0000January 18, 1888
–
January 23, 1893
(Died)
7003183200000000000♠5 years, 5 days
Grover Cleveland

50

Melville Fuller
(1833–1910)
IL
008 !Chief
Justice
Waite
000000001888-07-20-0000July 20, 1888
(41–20)
000000001888-10-08-0000October 8, 1888
–
July 4, 1910
(Died)
7003793800000000000♠21 years, 269 days

51

David Josiah Brewer
(1837–1910)
KS
061 !Associate
Justice
Matthews
000000001889-12-18-0000December 18, 1889
(53–11)
000000001890-01-06-0000January 6, 1890
–
March 28, 1910
(Died)
7003738500000000000♠20 years, 81 days
Benjamin Harrison

52

Henry Billings Brown
(1836–1913)
MI
062 !Associate
Justice
Miller
000000001890-12-29-0000December 29, 1890
(Acclamation)
000000001891-01-05-0000January 5, 1891
–
May 28, 1906
(Retired)
7003598600000000000♠16 years, 143 days

53

George Shiras, Jr.
(1832–1924)
PA
063 !Associate
Justice
Bradley
000000001892-07-26-0000July 26, 1892
(Acclamation)
000000001892-10-10-0000October 10, 1892
–
February 23, 1903
(Retired)
7003378700000000000♠10 years, 136 days

54

Howell Edmunds Jackson
(1832–1895)
TN
064 !Associate
Justice
L. Lamar
000000001893-02-18-0000February 18, 1893
(Acclamation)
000000001893-03-04-0000March 4, 1893
–
August 8, 1895
(Died)
7002887000000000000♠2 years, 157 days

55

Edward Douglass White
(1845–1921)
LA
065 !Associate
Justice
Blatchford
000000001894-02-19-0000February 19, 1894
(Acclamation)
000000001894-03-12-0000March 12, 1894
–
December 18, 1910
(Continued as chief justice)
7003612400000000000♠16 years, 281 days
Grover Cleveland

56

Rufus Wheeler Peckham
(1838–1909)
NY
066 !Associate
Justice
H. Jackson
000000001895-12-09-0000December 9, 1895
(Acclamation)
000000001896-01-06-0000January 6, 1896
–
October 24, 1909
(Died)
7003503900000000000♠13 years, 291 days

57

Joseph McKenna
(1843–1926)
CA
067 !Associate
Justice[h]
Field
000000001898-01-21-0000January 21, 1898
(Acclamation)
000000001898-01-26-0000January 26, 1898
–
January 5, 1925
(Retired)
7003984000000000000♠26 years, 345 days
William McKinley

58

Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr.
(1841–1935)
MA
068 !Associate
Justice[i]
Gray
000000001902-12-04-0000December 4, 1902
(Acclamation)
000000001902-12-08-0000December 8, 1902
–
January 12, 1932
(Retired)
7004106270000000000♠29 years, 35 days
Theodore Roosevelt

59

William R. Day
(1849–1923)
OH
069 !Associate
Justice
Shiras
000000001903-02-23-0000February 23, 1903
(Acclamation)
000000001903-03-02-0000March 2, 1903
–
November 13, 1922
(Retired)
7003719600000000000♠19 years, 256 days

60

William Henry Moody
(1853–1917)
MA
070 !Associate
Justice
Brown
000000001906-12-12-0000December 12, 1906
(Acclamation)
000000001906-12-17-0000December 17, 1906
–
November 20, 1910
(Retired)
7003143400000000000♠3 years, 338 days

61

Horace Harmon Lurton
(1844–1914)
TN
071 !Associate
Justice
Peckham
000000001909-12-20-0000December 20, 1909
(Acclamation)
000000001910-01-03-0000January 3, 1910
–
July 12, 1914
(Died)
7003166500000000000♠4 years, 204 days
William Howard Taft

62

Charles Evans Hughes
(1862–1948)
NY
072 !Associate
Justice
Brewer
000000001910-05-02-0000May 2, 1910
(Acclamation)
000000001910-10-10-0000October 10, 1910
–
June 10, 1916
(Resigned)
7003207000000000000♠5 years, 244 days

55

Edward Douglass White
(1845–1921)
LA
009 !Chief
Justice
Fuller
000000001910-12-12-0000December 12, 1910
(Acclamation)
000000001910-12-19-0000December 19, 1910
–
May 19, 1921
(Died)
7003380400000000000♠10 years, 151 days

63

Willis Van Devanter
(1859–1941)
WY
073 !Associate
Justice
E. D. White
000000001910-12-15-0000December 15, 1910
(Acclamation)
000000001911-01-03-0000January 3, 1911[j]
–
June 2, 1937
(Retired)
7003964700000000000♠26 years, 150 days

64

Joseph Rucker Lamar
(1857–1916)
GA
074 !Associate
Justice
Moody
000000001910-12-15-0000December 15, 1910
(Acclamation)
000000001911-01-03-0000January 3, 1911[j]
–
January 2, 1916
(Died)
7003182500000000000♠4 years, 364 days

65

Mahlon Pitney
(1858–1924)
NJ
075 !Associate
Justice
J. Harlan
000000001912-03-13-0000March 13, 1912
(50–26)
000000001912-03-18-0000March 18, 1912
–
December 31, 1922
(Resigned)
7003394000000000000♠10 years, 288 days

66

James Clark McReynolds
(1862–1946)
TN
076 !Associate
Justice
Lurton
000000001914-08-29-0000August 29, 1914
(44–6)
000000001914-10-12-0000October 12, 1914
–
January 31, 1941
(Retired)
7003960800000000000♠26 years, 111 days
Woodrow Wilson

67

Louis Brandeis
(1856–1941)
KY
077 !Associate
Justice
J. Lamar
000000001916-06-01-0000June 1, 1916
(47–22)
000000001916-06-05-0000June 5, 1916
–
February 13, 1939
(Retired)
7003828800000000000♠22 years, 253 days

68

John Hessin Clarke
(1857–1945)
OH
078 !Associate
Justice
Hughes
000000001916-07-24-0000July 24, 1916
(Acclamation)
000000001916-10-09-0000October 9, 1916
–
September 18, 1922
(Retired)
7003217000000000000♠5 years, 344 days

69

William Howard Taft
(1857–1930)
CT
010 !Chief
Justice
E. D. White
000000001921-06-30-0000June 30, 1921
(Acclamation)
000000001921-07-11-0000July 11, 1921
–
February 3, 1930
(Retired)
7003312900000000000♠8 years, 207 days
Warren G. Harding

70

George Sutherland
(1862–1942)
UT
080 !Associate
Justice
Clarke
000000001922-09-05-0000September 5, 1922
(Acclamation)
000000001922-10-02-0000October 2, 1922
–
January 17, 1938
(Retired)
7003558600000000000♠15 years, 107 days

71

Pierce Butler
(1866–1939)
MN
081 !Associate
Justice
Day
000000001922-12-21-0000December 21, 1922
(61–8)
000000001923-01-02-0000January 2, 1923
–
November 16, 1939
(Died)
7003616200000000000♠16 years, 318 days

72

Edward Terry Sanford
(1865–1930)
TN
082 !Associate
Justice
Pitney
000000001923-01-29-0000January 29, 1923
(Acclamation)
000000001923-02-19-0000February 19, 1923
–
March 8, 1930
(Died)
7003257400000000000♠7 years, 17 days

73

Harlan F. Stone
(1872–1946)
NY
083 !Associate
Justice[k]
McKenna
000000001925-02-05-0000February 5, 1925
(71–6)
000000001925-03-02-0000March 2, 1925
–
July 2, 1941
(Continued as chief justice)
7003596600000000000♠16 years, 122 days
Calvin Coolidge

62

Charles Evans Hughes
(1862–1948)
NY
011 !Chief
Justice
Taft
000000001930-02-13-0000February 13, 1930
(52–26)
000000001930-02-24-0000February 24, 1930
–
June 30, 1941
(Retired)
7003414400000000000♠11 years, 126 days
Herbert Hoover

74

Owen Josephus Roberts
(1875–1955)
PA
084 !Associate
Justice
Sanford
000000001930-05-20-0000May 20, 1930
(Acclamation)
000000001930-06-02-0000June 2, 1930
–
July 31, 1945
(Resigned)
7003553800000000000♠15 years, 59 days

75

Benjamin N. Cardozo
(1870–1938)
NY
085 !Associate
Justice
Holmes
000000001932-02-24-0000February 24, 1932
(Acclamation)
000000001932-03-14-0000March 14, 1932
–
July 9, 1938
(Died)
7003230800000000000♠6 years, 117 days

76

Hugo Black
(1886–1971)
AL
086 !Associate
Justice[l]
Van Devanter
000000001937-08-17-0000August 17, 1937
(63–16)
000000001937-08-19-0000August 19, 1937
–
September 17, 1971
(Retired)
7004124470000000000♠34 years, 29 days
Franklin D. Roosevelt

77

Stanley Forman Reed
(1884–1980)
KY
087 !Associate
Justice
Sutherland
000000001938-01-25-0000January 25, 1938
(Acclamation)
000000001938-01-31-0000January 31, 1938
–
February 25, 1957
(Retired)
7003696500000000000♠19 years, 25 days

78

Felix Frankfurter
(1882–1965)
MA
088 !Associate
Justice
Cardozo
000000001939-01-17-0000January 17, 1939
(Acclamation)
000000001939-01-30-0000January 30, 1939
–
August 28, 1962
(Retired)
7003861100000000000♠23 years, 210 days

79

William O. Douglas
(1898–1980)
CT
089 !Associate
Justice
Brandeis
000000001939-04-04-0000April 4, 1939
(62–4)
000000001939-04-17-0000April 17, 1939
–
November 12, 1975
(Retired)
7004133600000000000♠36 years, 211 days

80

Frank Murphy
(1890–1949)
MI
090 !Associate
Justice
Butler
000000001940-01-16-0000January 16, 1940
(Acclamation)
000000001940-02-05-0000February 5, 1940
–
July 19, 1949
(Died)
7003345200000000000♠9 years, 164 days

73

Harlan F. Stone
(1872–1946)
NY
012 !Chief
Justice
Hughes
000000001941-06-27-0000June 27, 1941
(Acclamation)
000000001941-07-03-0000July 3, 1941
–
April 22, 1946
(Died)
7003175400000000000♠4 years, 293 days

81

James F. Byrnes
(1882–1972)
SC
091 !Associate
Justice
McReynolds
000000001941-06-12-0000June 12, 1941
(Acclamation)
000000001941-07-08-0000July 8, 1941
–
October 3, 1942
(Resigned)
7002452000000000000♠1 year, 87 days

82

Robert H. Jackson
(1892–1954)
NY
092 !Associate
Justice
Stone
000000001941-07-07-0000July 7, 1941
(Acclamation)
000000001941-07-11-0000July 11, 1941
–
October 9, 1954
(Died)
7003483800000000000♠13 years, 90 days

83

Wiley Blount Rutledge
(1894–1949)
IA
093 !Associate
Justice
Byrnes
000000001943-02-08-0000February 8, 1943
(Acclamation)
000000001943-02-15-0000February 15, 1943
–
September 10, 1949
(Died)
7003239900000000000♠6 years, 207 days

84

Harold Hitz Burton
(1888–1964)
OH
094 !Associate
Justice
O. Roberts
000000001945-09-19-0000September 19, 1945
(Acclamation)
000000001945-10-01-0000October 1, 1945
–
October 13, 1958
(Retired)
7003476000000000000♠13 years, 12 days
Harry S. Truman

85

Fred M. Vinson
(1890–1953)
KY
013 !Chief
Justice
Stone
000000001946-06-20-0000June 20, 1946
(Acclamation)
000000001946-06-24-0000June 24, 1946
–
September 8, 1953
(Died)
7003263300000000000♠7 years, 76 days

86

Tom C. Clark
(1899–1977)
TX
094 !Associate
Justice
Murphy
000000001949-08-18-0000August 18, 1949
(73–8)
000000001949-08-24-0000August 24, 1949
–
June 12, 1967
(Retired)
7003650100000000000♠17 years, 292 days

87

Sherman Minton
(1890–1965)
IN
095 !Associate
Justice
W. Rutledge
000000001949-10-04-0000October 4, 1949
(48–16)
000000001949-10-12-0000October 12, 1949
–
October 15, 1956
(Retired)
7003256000000000000♠7 years, 3 days

88

Earl Warren
(1891–1974)
CA
014 !Chief
Justice
Vinson
000000001954-03-01-0000March 1, 1954
(Acclamation)
000000001953-10-05-0000October 5, 1953[e]
–
June 23, 1969
(Retired)
7003574000000000000♠15 years, 261 days
Dwight D. Eisenhower

89

John Marshall Harlan II
(1899–1971)
NY
096 !Associate
Justice
R. Jackson
000000001955-03-16-0000March 16, 1955
(71–11)
000000001955-03-28-0000March 28, 1955
–
September 23, 1971
(Retired)
7003602300000000000♠16 years, 179 days

90

William J. Brennan
(1906–1997)
NJ
097 !Associate
Justice
Minton
000000001957-03-19-0000March 19, 1957
(Acclamation)
000000001956-10-16-0000October 16, 1956[e]
–
July 20, 1990
(Retired)
7004123300000000000♠33 years, 277 days

91

Charles Evans Whittaker
(1901–1973)
MO
098 !Associate
Justice
Reed
000000001957-03-19-0000March 19, 1957
(Acclamation)
000000001957-03-25-0000March 25, 1957
–
March 31, 1962
(Resigned)
7003183200000000000♠5 years, 6 days

92

Potter Stewart
(1915–1985)
OH
099 !Associate
Justice
Burton
000000001959-05-05-0000May 5, 1959
(70–17)
000000001958-10-14-0000October 14, 1958[e]
–
July 3, 1981
(Retired)
7003829800000000000♠22 years, 262 days

93

Byron White
(1917–2002)
CO
100 !Associate
Justice
Whittaker
000000001962-04-11-0000April 11, 1962
(Acclamation)
000000001962-04-16-0000April 16, 1962
–
June 28, 1993
(Retired)
7004113960000000000♠31 years, 73 days
John F. Kennedy

94

Arthur Goldberg
(1908–1990)
IL
101 !Associate
Justice
Frankfurter
000000001962-09-25-0000September 25, 1962
(Acclamation)
000000001962-10-01-0000October 1, 1962
–
July 25, 1965
(Resigned)
7003103100000000000♠2 years, 300 days

95

Abe Fortas
(1910–1982)
TN
102 !Associate
Justice
Goldberg
000000001965-08-11-0000August 11, 1965
(Acclamation)
000000001965-10-04-0000October 4, 1965
–
May 14, 1969
(Resigned)
7003131800000000000♠3 years, 222 days
Lyndon B. Johnson

96

Thurgood Marshall
(1908–1993)
NY
103 !Associate
Justice
Clark
000000001967-08-30-0000August 30, 1967
(69–11)
000000001967-10-02-0000October 2, 1967
–
October 1, 1991
(Retired)
7003876500000000000♠23 years, 364 days

97

Warren E. Burger
(1907–1995)
VA
015 !Chief
Justice
Warren
000000001969-06-09-0000June 9, 1969
(74–3)
000000001969-06-23-0000June 23, 1969
–
September 26, 1986
(Retired)
7003630400000000000♠17 years, 95 days
Richard Nixon

98

Harry Blackmun
(1908–1999)
MN
104 !Associate
Justice
Fortas
000000001970-05-12-0000May 12, 1970
(94–0)
000000001970-06-09-0000June 9, 1970
–
August 3, 1994
(Retired)
7003882100000000000♠24 years, 55 days

99

Lewis F. Powell Jr.
(1907–1998)
VA
105 !Associate
Justice
Black
000000001971-12-06-0000December 6, 1971
(89–1)
000000001972-01-07-0000January 7, 1972[m]
–
June 26, 1987
(Retired)
7003564900000000000♠15 years, 170 days

100

William Rehnquist
(1924–2005)
AZ
106 !Associate
Justice
J. Harlan II
000000001971-12-10-0000December 10, 1971
(68–26)
000000001972-01-07-0000January 7, 1972[m]
–
September 26, 1986
(Continued as chief justice)
7003537600000000000♠14 years, 262 days

101

John Paul Stevens
(born 1920)
IL
107 !Associate
Justice[n]
Douglas
000000001975-12-17-0000December 17, 1975
(98–0)
000000001975-12-19-0000December 19, 1975
–
June 29, 2010
(Retired)
7004126110000000000♠34 years, 192 days
Gerald Ford

102

Sandra Day O'Connor
(born 1930)
AZ
108 !Associate
Justice
Stewart
000000001981-09-21-0000September 21, 1981
(99–0)
000000001981-09-25-0000September 25, 1981
–
January 31, 2006
(Retired)
7003889400000000000♠24 years, 128 days
Ronald Reagan

100

William Rehnquist
(1924–2005)
VA
016 !Chief
Justice
Burger
000000001986-09-17-0000September 17, 1986
(65–33)
000000001986-09-26-0000September 26, 1986
–
September 3, 2005
(Died)
7003691700000000000♠18 years, 342 days

103

Antonin Scalia
(1936–2016)
VA
109 !Associate
Justice
Rehnquist
000000001986-09-17-0000September 17, 1986
(98–0)
000000001986-09-26-0000September 26, 1986
–
February 13, 2016
(Died)
7004107320000000000♠29 years, 140 days

104

Anthony Kennedy
(born 1936)
CA
110 !Associate
Justice
Powell
000000001988-02-03-0000February 3, 1988
(97–0)
000000001988-02-18-0000February 18, 1988
–
Incumbent
7004110090000000000♠30 years, 51 days[o]

105

David Souter
(born 1939)
NH
110 !Associate
Justice
Brennan
000000001990-10-02-0000October 2, 1990
(90–9)
000000001990-10-09-0000October 9, 1990
–
June 29, 2009
(Retired)
7003683800000000000♠18 years, 263 days
George H. W. Bush

106

Clarence Thomas
(born 1948)
GA
111 !Associate
Justice
T. Marshall
000000001991-10-15-0000October 15, 1991
(52–48)
000000001991-10-23-0000October 23, 1991
–
Incumbent
7003966600000000000♠26 years, 169 days[o]

107

Ruth Bader Ginsburg
(born 1933)
NY
112 !Associate
Justice
B. White
000000001993-08-03-0000August 3, 1993
(96–3)
000000001993-08-10-0000August 10, 1993
–
Incumbent
7003900900000000000♠24 years, 243 days[o]
Bill Clinton

108

Stephen Breyer
(born 1938)
MA
113 !Associate
Justice
Blackmun
000000001994-07-29-0000July 29, 1994
(87–9)
000000001994-08-03-0000August 3, 1994
–
Incumbent
7003865100000000000♠23 years, 250 days[o]

109

John Roberts
(born 1955)
MD
017 !Chief
Justice
Rehnquist
000000002005-09-29-0000September 29, 2005
(78–22)
000000002005-09-29-0000September 29, 2005
–
Incumbent
7003457600000000000♠12 years, 193 days[o]
George W. Bush

110

Samuel Alito
(born 1950)
NJ
115 !Associate
Justice
O'Connor
000000002006-01-31-0000January 31, 2006
(58–42)
000000002006-01-31-0000January 31, 2006
–
Incumbent
7003445200000000000♠12 years, 69 days[o]

111

Sonia Sotomayor
(born 1954)
NY
116 !Associate
Justice
Souter
000000002009-08-06-0000August 6, 2009
(68–31)
000000002009-08-08-0000August 8, 2009
–
Incumbent
7003316700000000000♠8 years, 245 days[o]
Barack Obama

112

Elena Kagan
(born 1960)
MA
117 !Associate
Justice
Stevens
000000002010-08-05-0000August 5, 2010
(63–37)
000000002010-08-07-0000August 7, 2010
–
Incumbent
7003280300000000000♠7 years, 246 days[o]

113

Neil Gorsuch
(born 1967)
CO
118 !Associate
Justice
Scalia
000000002017-04-07-0000April 7, 2017
(54–45)
000000002017-04-10-0000April 10, 2017
–
Incumbent
7002365000000000000♠1 year, 0 days[o]
Donald Trump

Justice
State[c]
Position
Replacing
Date confirmed
(Vote)
Tenure
Tenure length
Appointed by

text: Notes[edit]

text:
^ Jump up to: a b Served on the Supreme Court twice, first as associate justice, and then, after a period of years off the Court, as chief justice.
^ Jump up to: a b c Elevated from associate justice to chief justice while serving on the Supreme Court. Such appointments are subject to a separate confirmation process.
^ Jump up to: a b State of residence at the time of appointment. For example, in 1971, Rehnquist was appointed from Arizona, but in 1986, when elevated to chief justice, he was appointed from Virginia.[22]
Jump up ^ The start date given for each justice is the day he or she took the prescribed judicial oath of office, with the end date being the date of the justice's death, resignation, or retirement.[21]
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j Recess appointment
Jump up ^ This was the first Supreme Court nomination to be rejected by the Senate. Rutledge remains the only "recess appointed" justice not to be subsequently confirmed by the Senate.
Jump up ^ Was impeached, but not convicted, and remained in office.
Jump up ^ Acted as chief justice under 36 Stat. 1152, May 19 – July 11, 1921.
Jump up ^ Acted as chief justice under 36 Stat. 1152, February 3–24, 1930.
^ Jump up to: a b While Willis Van Devanter and Joseph Rucker Lamar were sworn in as associate justice on the same date, their seniority (precedence) on the Supreme Court was determined by the seniority of their commissions—Van Devanter received and accepted his first—in accordance with XIII Rev. Stat. 9 § 674.
Jump up ^ Acted as chief justice under 36 Stat. 1152, June 30 – July 3, 1941.
Jump up ^ Acted as chief justice under 36 Stat. 1152, April 22 – June 24, 1946, and again, under 62 Stat. 869, September 8 – October 5, 1953.
^ Jump up to: a b While Lewis Powell and William Rehnqust were sworn in as associate justice on the same date, their seniority (precedence) on the Supreme Court was determined by the seniority of their commissions—Powell received and accepted his first—in accordance with accordance with 62 Stat. 869.
Jump up ^ Acted as chief justice under 62 Stat. 869, September 3–29, 2005.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i As of April 10, 2018.

tag: ol

text: Timelines[edit]

text: All justices[edit]

text: This graphical timeline depicts the progression of the justices on the Supreme Court. Information regarding each justice's predecessors, successors and fellow justices, as well as their tenure on the court can be gleaned (and comparisons betwen justices drawn) from it. Additionally, The progression of presidents, along with the number of justices each nominated, is shown at the top of the timeline to give a more detailed historical context. Regarding the associate justice seat numbers, due to the several changes in the size of the Court since 1789, two of the ten seats chronicled below—"Seat 7" and "Seat 5"—have been abolished, both as a result of the Judicial Circuits Act of 1866.

text: Current justices[edit]

text: This graphical timeline depicts the length of each current Supreme Court justice's tenure on the Court.


document_title: Kylo Ren

question_text: who does kylo kill at the beginning of the movie

text: Kylo Ren

text: Concept and creation[edit]

text: After Lucasfilm was acquired by The Walt Disney Company in 2012, the script for The Force Awakens was written by Lawrence Kasdan, J. J. Abrams and Michael Arndt, with no direct participation from Star Wars creator George Lucas. According to director Abrams, the First Order is inspired by ODESSA, a theoretical network of SS officers who fled to Argentina following World War II.[4]

text: Driver's casting in the film in an unnamed role was first announced on April 29, 2014.[5] Kylo Ren was first seen, but still not named, in the 88-second The Force Awakens teaser trailer released by Lucasfilm on November 28, 2014,[6][7] wielding a jagged red lightsaber with a crossguard.[8][9][10] The name Kylo Ren was revealed by Entertainment Weekly in a Lucasfilm-designed Topps-style trading card mockup in December 2014.[11][12] A May 2015 Vanity Fair photo shoot by Annie Leibovitz confirmed that Driver would be portraying Kylo.[13]

text: In an interview with Time, The Force Awakens costume designer Michael Kaplan said that Abrams requested that Ren's mask be designed to be memorable for a child. After numerous attempts to gain Abrams' approval, the final design was selected. Kaplan said:

text: I don't know if it was the kind of spaghetti type lines on it or what, but the next time J.J. came by that was what we presented to him and he loved it. Also the silver in those lines kind of reflects and changes color with the action. You know, if he's standing in front of fire you see that, so it almost brings you into the mask.[14]

text: Abrams told Entertainment Weekly in August 2015, "The movie explains the origins of the mask and where it's from, but the design was meant to be a nod to the Vader mask."[15]

text: According to other cast members, Driver is a method actor, which meant that he sometimes stayed in character on set as Ren and left his mask on between scenes.[16] Driver explained that his goal was "to forget you're in Star Wars and treat it like any other job that's filled with moments and problems", because from the perspective of the characters living within the film's universe, "Darth Vader is real".[16]

text: Ren's character arc shares similarities with that of the Star Wars expanded universe character Jacen Solo, the son of Han Solo and Princess Leia who threatens the galaxy as a fallen Jedi.[17][18][19][20] Additionally, critics have noted a resemblance between Ren's character design and that of Revan, the protagonist of Knights of the Old Republic.[21][22]

text: Character[edit]

text: Abrams told Empire in August 2015, "Kylo Ren is not a Sith. He works under Supreme Leader Snoke, who is a powerful figure on the Dark Side of the Force."[4] Abrams had previously told Entertainment Weekly that the character, "came to the name Kylo Ren when he joined a group called the Knights of Ren."[15] Robbie Collin of The Telegraph described Ren as "a hot-headed, radicalised Dark Side jihadi, whose red lightsaber splutters and crackles as violently as his temper".[23] Abrams noted, "The lightsaber is something that he built himself, and is as dangerous and as fierce and as ragged as the character."[15] The Telegraph also explains that Ren's wild and erratic temper and "angsty" instability make him dangerous.[24] Melissa Leon of The Daily Beast describes Ren's use of the Force "formidable", citing his ability to stop a blaster shot mid-air, immobilize victims and probe their minds against their will.[25]

text: Kasdan told Entertainment Weekly in August 2015, "I've written four Star Wars movies now, and there's never been a character quite like the one that Adam plays. I think you're going to see something that's brand new to the saga," noting that the character is "full of emotion".[15] Abrams explained, "I think that what makes Ren so unique is that he isn't as fully formed as when we meet a character such as Darth Vader ... He is not your prototypical mustache-twirling bad guy. He is a little bit more complex than that."[15] Driver said in December 2015 that, despite the visual similarities to Darth Vader, Ren is "unlike any villain the franchise has seen before".[26] He explained:

text: I feel there's a recklessness about him that's maybe not normally associated with the Dark Side. You normally think of order, and structure, and full commitment and no hesitation ... he's just a little bit more unpolished. It's in his costume, in his lightsaber—how you kind of get the sense that it could just not work at any moment; that it could just blow up. That’s kind of like a big metaphor for him.[26]

text: Appearances[edit]

text: The Force Awakens (2015)[edit]

text: Kylo Ren first appears in The Force Awakens as the commander of the First Order, a sinister regime that has risen from the remains of the old Galactic Empire. After arriving at Jakku to retrieve a map containing the co-ordinates for the location of Luke Skywalker, Ren kills an old vicar known as Lor San Tekka and captures Resistance pilot Poe Dameron, who has also been sent to recover the map by General Leia Organa. Ren soon learns that the pilot had entrusted his astromech droid, BB-8, with the map. Poe flees with the help of rogue stormtrooper Finn, who later finds BB-8, and the scavenger Rey. Finn, Rey, and BB-8 escape Jakku in the Millennium Falcon, and are soon intercepted by the ship's former owner, Han Solo, and his co-pilot Chewbacca.

text: It is revealed that Ren is the son of Han and Leia, and was once one of Luke's Jedi pupils. He was drawn to the dark side of the Force by the First Order's Supreme Leader Snoke. He then helped to destroy his uncle Luke's new Jedi Academy. However, Ren still feels the pull of the light side of the Force, and seeks the strength to overcome this weakness from his grandfather Darth Vader, whose burnt helmet is in Ren's possession. Arriving at the Maz Kanata castle, Ren captures Rey, who he senses has seen the map. While interrogating her with the Force, he realizes that she is strong with the Force herself, though unaware of it. Rey finds herself able to experience Ren's emotions, and confronts him on his fear that he will never be as powerful as Vader. She later uses the "Jedi mind trick" to compel her stormtrooper guard to let her escape. Han arrives at the First Order's battle station, Starkiller Base, as part of the Resistance's plan to destroy it.

text: After Han plants explosives to destroy the base, he confronts Ren, calling him by his real name, Ben, and implores him to abandon the dark side, warning him that Snoke will kill him once he accomplishes his goal to seize control of the galaxy. Ren refuses and kills his father, enraging Chewbacca, Han's copilot, who fires and injures Ren. As Finn and Rey flee the damaged base, a badly injured Ren follows and confronts them. Finn fights Ren with Luke's recovered lightsaber, but Ren overpowers and severely wounds him. Rey then takes up the lightsaber and, using the Force, begins to overcome Ren, as well as striking him on the face with the lightsaber, leaving Ren with a scar on the right side of his face. Before the duel is finished, they are separated by a seismic fissure created by the collapsing base. Rey and the others escape as Snoke orders General Hux to evacuate the base and bring Ren to him to complete his training.

text: Related works and merchandising[edit]

text: Kylo Ren is a point of view character in the 2015 novelization of The Force Awakens by Alan Dean Foster.[27]

text: He is a playable character in the 2015 Force Awakens add-on to the Disney Infinity 3.0 video game, with an Infinity character figurine available separately.[28][29][30][31] Hasbro has released a 3 3⁄4-inch (9.5 cm) Kylo Ren action figure,[32] and a 6-inch (15 cm) figure in their Black Series line.[33] He is also featured in the Lego Star Wars playsets Kylo Ren's Command Shuttle (2015)[34][35] and Battle on Takodana (2016),[36][37] as well as a Lego Buildable Figure.[38] The Lego version of Kylo also appears in the 2016 short form animated series Lego Star Wars: The Resistance Rises.[39][40][41][42]

text: In January 2016, Driver reprised the role for a Star Wars/Undercover Boss sketch on Saturday Night Live, with Kylo Ren disguising himself as a radar technician named "Matt" to determine what the Starkiller Base employees really think of him.[43]

text: Novels[edit]

text: In the 2017 Chuck Wendig novel Star Wars: Aftermath: Empire's End, Ben Solo is born on the planet Chandrila, the day a peace treaty is signed between the Empire and the New Galactic Republic.[44]

text: Reception[edit]

text: Both the character of Kylo Ren and Driver's performance have been positively received. Many complimented Ren's conflicted nature and depth, as well as his costume design, and noted there were many places the character could be taken in future installments.[45][46][47] Peter Bradshaw of The Guardian praised the character and the actor alike, saying, "He is gorgeously cruel, spiteful and capricious – and unlike the Vader of old, he is given to petulant temper tantrums, with his lightsaber drawn."[48] Terri Schwartz of IGN also called Driver's performance "spectacular", noting that "his performance adds great depth to a character who could have come off as one-dimensional, and the implications of his arc leave a viewer with plenty to think about after they leave the theater".[49] Collin wrote, "To describe Kylo Ren as this film's Vader would be accurate in a sense ... But it would also be to undersell the deep ingenuity with which this astonishing character has been crafted by Abrams, Kasdan and Arndt, and also the wells of emotional tumult Driver invests in him."[23] Comparing the character to the one-note Vader of the 1977 film, Leon calls Ren "a living battleground between darkness and light, making him a far more resonant and familiar portrayal of that struggle than we've ever seen in Star Wars ... [which] makes him a far more interesting villain."[25] Abrams told Entertainment Weekly, "it was a great joy to work with Adam Driver on this role, because he threw himself into it in a deep and remarkable way."[15] Todd McCarthy of The Hollywood Reporter noted, "Ren is given a pronounced inferiority complex, a clever bad guy twist that could be taken to interesting places both in the writing and performance."[50] Peter Travers of Rolling Stone wrote, "The bald-faced attempt to clone Vader, one of the greatest badasses in film history, is clankingly obvious, but Driver, masked and unmasked, gives him hypnotic and haunting contours."[51] Kyle Buchanan of Vulture.com was underwhelmed by the reveal of Driver under the mask.[52] Leon, however, argued:

text: But that face—that of a normal, vulnerable young man—is the most subversively terrifying thing about J. J. Abrams' reimagining of A New Hope. Rather than pure evil, Ren is something far more familiar: He is human. Just like the real-life young men with minds clouded by fear, hate, and anger who commit unspeakable acts in our world every day ... all the visual cues that leave the character open to criticisms of not being "evil" enough—are all signs of Ren's struggle between the Dark Side and the Light.[25]

text: Driver won a 2016 Saturn Award for Best Supporting Actor for his portrayal.[53]

text: Family tree[edit]

text:
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[hide]

v
t
e

Skywalker family tree

Aika
Lars[a]

Cliegg
Lars[b]

Shmi
Skywalker[c]

Jobal
Naberrie[d]

Ruwee
Naberrie[d]

Beru
Whitesun[e]

Owen
Lars[f]

Anakin
Skywalker[g][h]

Padmé
Amidala[i]

Bail
Organa[j][k]

Breha
Organa[l]

Luke
Skywalker[m][n]

Leia
Organa[o]

Han
Solo[p]

Ben
Solo[p][q]

References:

Jump up ^ Hidalgo, Pablo (2016). Star Wars Character Encyclopedia: Updated and Expanded.
Jump up ^ "Databank: Cliegg Lars". StarWars.com. Retrieved December 3, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Databank: Shmi Skywalker Lars". StarWars.com. Retrieved December 3, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b Attack of the Clones (2002) and Revenge of the Sith (2005)
Jump up ^ "Databank: Beru Lars". StarWars.com. Retrieved December 3, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Databank: Owen Lars". StarWars.com. Retrieved December 3, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Databank: Anakin Skywalker". StarWars.com. Retrieved December 4, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Databank: Darth Vader". StarWars.com. Retrieved December 4, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Databank: Padmé Amidala". StarWars.com. Retrieved December 4, 2015.
Jump up ^ Adopted father of Leia Organa, as established in Revenge of the Sith (2005).
Jump up ^ "Databank: Bail Organa". StarWars.com. Retrieved December 3, 2015.
Jump up ^ Adopted mother of Leia Organa, as established in Revenge of the Sith (2005).
Jump up ^ "Databank: Luke Skywalker". StarWars.com. Retrieved December 4, 2015.
Jump up ^ In the alternate Star Wars expanded universe (Legends), Luke is married to Mara Jade and has a son, Ben Skywalker.
Jump up ^ "Databank: Princess Leia Organa". StarWars.com. Retrieved December 4, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b The Force Awakens. 2015.
Jump up ^ In the alternate Star Wars expanded universe (Legends) continuity, Han and Leia have three children: Jaina, Jacen and Anakin Solo.