document_title: List of Russian rulers

question_text: which royal family ruled over russia from 1613 until the russian revolution in 1917

text: List of Russian rulers

text: Princes of Rus', 862–1547[edit]

text: The land that is today known as Russia was populated by various East Slavic peoples from before the 9th century. The first states to exert hegemony over the region were those of the Rus' people, a branch of Nordic Varangians who moved into the region occupied by modern Russia sometime in the ninth century, and set up a series of states starting with the Rus' Khaganate circa 830. Little is known of the Rus' Khaganate beyond its existence, including the extent of its territory or any reliable list of its Khagans (rulers). Traditionally, Russian statehood is traced to Rurik, a Rus' leader of Holmgard (later Novgorod, modern Veliky Novgorod), a different Rus' state. Rurik's successor Oleg moved his capital to Kiev, founding the state of Kievan Rus'. Over the next several centuries, the most important titles were those of the Grand Prince of Kiev and Grand Prince of Novgorod whose holder (often the same person) could claim hegemony. By the early 11th century the Rus' state had fragmented into a series of petty principalities which warred constantly with each other. In 1097, the Council of Liubech formalized the federal nature of the Russian lands. By the 12th century, the Grand Duchy of Vladimir became the dominant principality, adding its name to those of Novgorod and Kiev, culminating with the rule of Alexander Nevsky. After Alexander Nevsky, the region once again broke up into petty states, though the Grand Duchy of Moscow, founded by Alexander Nevsky's youngest son Daniel, began to consolidate control over the entire Russian territory in the 15th century. Following the Mongol conquests of the 13th century, all of the Russian principalities paid tribute to the Golden Horde, effectively operating as vassals of the Mongol state. The Russians began to exert independence from the Mongols, culminating with Ivan the Great of Moscow ceasing tribute to the Horde, effectively declaring his independence. Last Grand Prince of Moscow Ivan the Terrible assumed the title Tsar of All Russias in 1547.

text: Princes of Novgorod[edit]

text:
Name
Lifespan
Reign start
Reign end
Notes
Family
Image

Rurik I

Рюрик

830 – 879
862
879
Founder of Rurik Dynasty
Rurikids

Oleg of Novgorod

Олег

855 – 912
879
882
Relative of Rurik and regent of Rurik's son, Prince Igor of Kiev
Rurikids

text: Grand Princes of Kiev[edit]

text:
Name
Lifespan
Reign start
Reign end
Notes
Family
Image

Askold and Dir

Haskuldr and Dýri

9th century
842[3][4] or 862
882
Askold and Dir were Rus chieftains and members of Rurik's army
Askold was a descendent of the Kyi Dynasty
Kyi Dynasty (Askold)

Oleg of Novgorod

Олег

855 – 912
882
Autumn 912
He was successor of Askold and Dir as a regent of Rurik's son
Rurikids

Igor I

Игорь

878 – 945
879 (in Novgorod as a heir of Rurik), 913 (as a successor of Rurik after Oleg's regency)
Autumn 945
Son of Rurik
Rurikids

Olga of Kiev

Ольга

890 – 969
945
962
Wife of Igor I and regent of Sviatoslav I
Rurikids

Sviatoslav I

Свѧтославъ

942 – 972
Autumn 945
March 972
Son of Igor I and Olga of Kiev
Rurikids

Yaropolk I

Ярополк I Святославич

950 – 980
March 972
11 June 980
Son of Sviatoslav I and Predslava
Rurikids

Vladimir I

Володимѣръ Свѧтославичь

958 – 1015
11 June 980
15 July 1015
Son of Sviatoslav I and Malusha
Younger brother of Yaropolk I
Rurikids

Sviatopolk I

Свѧтоплъкъ

980 – 1019
15 July 1015
Autumn 1016
Son of Yaropolk I
During his reign, Kievan Rus' was conquered by Poland
Rurikids

Yaroslav I

Ꙗрославъ Володимировичъ Мѫдрꙑи

978 – 1054
Autumn 1016
Summer 1018
Son of Vladimir I and Rogneda of Polotsk
Rurikids

Sviatopolk I

Свѧтоплъкъ

980 – 1019
14 August 1018
27 July 1019
Restored
Rurikids

Yaroslav I

Ꙗрославъ Володимировичъ Мѫдрꙑи

978 – 1054
27 July 1019
20 February 1054
Restored
Rurikids

Iziaslav I

Ізяслав I Ярославич

1024 – 1078
20 February 1054
15 September 1068
First son of Yaroslav I and Ingegerd Olofsdotter
Rurikids

Vseslav of Polotsk

Всеслав Брячиславич

1039 – 1101
15 September 1068
29 April 1069
Great-grandson of Vladimir I
Usurped the Kievan Throne
Rurikids

Iziaslav I

Ізяслав I Ярославич

1024 – 1078
2 May 1069
22 March 1073
Restored
Rurikids

Sviatoslav II

Святослав Ярославович

1027 – 1076
22 March 1073
27 December 1076
Third son of Yaroslav I and Ingegerd Olofsdotter
Rurikids

Vsevolod I

Всеволод I Ярославич

1030 – 1093
1 January 1077
15 July 1077
Fourth son of Yaroslav I and Ingegerd Olofsdotter
Rurikids

Iziaslav I

Ізяслав I Ярославич

1024 – 1078
15 July 1077
3 October 1078
Restored
Rurikids

Vsevolod I

Всеволод I Ярославич

1030 – 1093
3 October 1078
13 April 1093
Restored
Rurikids

Sviatopolk II

Святополк Ізяславич

1050 – 1113
24 April 1093
16 April 1113
Son of Iziaslav I
Rurikids

Vladimir II

Володимѣръ Мономахъ

1053 – 1125
20 April 1113
19 May 1125
Son of Vsevolod I and Anastasia of Byzantium
Rurikids

Mstislav I

Мстислав Володимирович Великий

1076 – 1132
20 May 1125
15 April 1132
Son of Vladimir II and Gytha of Wessex
Rurikids

Yaropolk II

Ярополк II Владимирович

1082 – 1139
17 April 1132
18 February 1139
Son of Vladimir II and Gytha of Wessex
Younger brother of Mstislav I
Rurikids

Viacheslav I

Вячеслав Владимирович

1083 – 2 February 1154
22 February 1139
4 March 1139
Son of Vladimir II and Gytha of Wessex
Younger brother of Mstislav I and Yaropolk II
Rurikids

Vsevolod II

Всеволод II Ольгович

1084 – 1146
5 March 1139
30 July 1146
Grandson of Sviatoslav II
Rurikids

Igor II

Игорь II Ольгович

1096 – 19 September 1146
1 August 1146
13 August 1146
Grandson of Sviatoslav II
Rurikids

Iziaslav II

Ізяслав Мстиславич

1097 – 1154
13 August 1146
23 August 1149
Son of Mstislav I and Christina Ingesdotter of Sweden
Rurikids

Yuri I

Юрий Владимирович

1099 – 1157
28 August 1149
Summer 1150
Son of Vladimir II and Gytha of Wessex
Younger brother of Mstislav I, Yaropolk II and Viacheslav I
Rurikids

Viacheslav I

Вячеслав Владимирович

1083 – 2 February 1154
Summer 1150
Summer 1150
Restored
Rurikids

Iziaslav II

Ізяслав Мстиславич

1097 – 1154
Summer 1150
Summer 1150
Restored
Rurikids

Yuri I

Юрий Владимирович

1099 – 1157
August 1150
Winter 1151
Restored
Rurikids

Iziaslav II

Ізяслав Мстиславич

1097 – 1154
Winter 1151
13 November 1154
Restored
Rurikids

Viacheslav I

Вячеслав Владимирович

1083 – 2 February 1154
Spring 1151
6 February 1154
Restored
Rurikids

Rostislav I

Ростислав Мстиславич

1110 – 1167
1154
January 1155
Son of Mstislav I and Christina Ingesdotter of Sweden
Younger brother of Iziaslav II
Rurikids

Iziaslav III

Изяслав III Давидович

12th century
January 1155
1155
Grandson of Sviatoslav II
Rurikids

Yuri I

Юрий Владимирович

1099 – 1157
20 March 1155
15 May 1157
Restored
Rurikids

Iziaslav III

Изяслав III Давидович

12th century
19 May 1157
December 1158
Restored
Rurikids

Mstislav II

Мстислав Изяславич

1125 – 1170
22 December 1158
Spring 1159
Son of Iziaslav III
Rurikids

Rostislav I

Ростислав Мстиславич

1110 – 1167
12 April 1159
8 February 1161
Restored
Rurikids

Iziaslav III

Изяслав III Давидович

12th century
12 February 1161
6 March 1161
Restored
Rurikids

Rostislav I

Ростислав Мстиславич

1110 – 1167
March 1161
14 March 1167
Restored
Rurikids

Vladimir III

Владимир III Мстиславич

1132 – 1173
Spring 1167
Spring 1167
Son of Mstislav I
Younger brother of Iziaslav II and Rostislav I
Rurikids

Mstislav II

Мстислав Изяславич

1125 – 1170
19 May 1167
12 March 1169
Restored
Rurikids

text: In 1169 Vladimir-Suzdal troops took Kiev. This act underlined the declining importance of that city.[according to whom?]

text: Grand Princes of Vladimir[edit]

text: The state of Vladimir-Suzdal (formally the Grand Duchy of Vladimir) became dominant among the various petty principalities to form from the dissolution of the Kievan Rus' state. The title of Grand Prince of Vladimir became one of the three titles (along with Kiev and Novgorod) possessed by the most important rulers among the Russian nobility. While Vladimir enjoyed hegemony for a time, it too disintegrated into a series of petty states. The most important of these became Grand Duchy of Moscow, which itself eventually evolved into the Tsardom of Russia.

text:
Name
Lifespan
Reign start
Reign end
Notes
Family
Image

Andrey I

Андрей Боголюбский

1110 – 1174
15 May 1157
29 June 1174
Son of Yuri I
Rurikids

Mikhail I

Михаил

12th century
1174
September 1174
Son of Yuri I
Younger brother of Andrey I
Rurikids

Yaropolk III

Ярополк Ростиславич

12th century
1174
15 June 1175
Grandson of Vladimir II
Rurikids

Mikhail I

Михаил

12th century
15 June 1175
20 June 1176
Restored
Rurikids

Vsevolod III

Все́волод III Ю́рьевич Большо́е Гнездо́

1154 – 1212
June 1176
15 April 1212
Son of Yuri I and Helene
Younger brother of Andrey I and Mikhail I
Rurikids

Yuri II

Ю́рий II

1189 – 1238
1212
27 April 1216
Son of Vselovod III and Maria Shvarnovna
Rurikids

Konstantin of Rostov

Константи́н Все́володович

1186 – 1218
Spring 1216
2 February 1218
Son of Vsevolod III and Maria Shvarnovna
Elder brother of Yuri II
Rurikids

Yuri II

Ю́рий II

1189 – 1238
February 1218
4 March 1238
Restored
Rurikids

Yaroslav II

Яросла́в II Все́володович

1191 – 1246
1238
30 September 1246
Son of Vsevolod III and Maria Shvarnovna
Younger brother of Yuri II and Konstantin of Rostov
Rurikids

Sviatoslav III

Святослав III Всеволодович

1196 – 3 February 1252
1246
1248
Son of Vsevolod III and Maria Shvarnovna
Younger brother of Yuri II, Konstantin of Rostov and Yaroslav II
Rurikids

Mikhail Khorobrit

Михайл Ярославич Хоробрит

1229 – 15 January 1248
1248
15 January 1248
Son of Yaroslav II
Rurikids

Sviatoslav III

Святослав III Всеволодович

1196 – 3 February 1252
1248
1249
Restored
Rurikids

Andrey II

Андрей Ярославич

1221 – 1264
December 1249
24 July 1252
Son of Yaroslav II
Elder brother of Mikhail Khorobrit
Rurikids

Alexander Nevsky

Алекса́ндр Яросла́вич Не́вский

1220 – 1263
1252
14 November 1263
Son of Yaroslav II and Rostislava Mstislavna, daughter of Kievan Rus' Prince Mstislav Mstislavich the Bold
Elder brother of Mikhail Khorobrit and Andrey II
Rurikids

Yaroslav III

Ярослав Ярославич

1230 – 1272
1264
1271
Son of Yaroslav II and Fedosia Igorevna
Younger brother of Alexander Nevsky, Andrey II and Mikhail Khorobrit
Rurikids

Vasily of Kostroma

Василий Ярославич

1241 – 1276
1272
January 1277
Son of Yaroslav II
Rurikids

Dmitry of Pereslavl

Дмитрий Александрович

1250 – 1294
1277
1281
Son of Alexander Nevsky
Rurikids

Andrey III

Андрей Александрович

1255 – 1304
1281
December 1283
Son of Alexander Nevsky
Younger brother of Dmitry of Pereslavl
Rurikids

Dmitry of Pereslavl

Дмитрий Александрович

1250 – 1294
December 1283
1293
Restored
Rurikids

Andrey III

Андрей Александрович

1255 – 1304
1293
1304
Restored
Rurikids

Michael of Tver

Михаил Ярославич

1271 – 1318
Autumn 1304
22 November 1318
Son of Yaroslav III and Xenia of Tarusa
Rurikids

Yuri III

Юрий Данилович

1281 – 1325
1318
2 November 1322
Grandson of Alexander Nevsky
Rurikids

Dmitry of Tver

Дми́трий Миха́йлович Тверcко́й

1299 – 1326
1322
15 September 1326
Son of Michael of Tver and Anna of Kashin
Rurikids

Alexander of Tver

Александр Михайлович Тверской

1281 – 1339
1326
1327
Son of Michale of Tver and Anna of Kashin
Elder brother of Dmitry of Tver
Rurikids

Alexander of Suzdal

Александр Суздале

14th century
1328
1331
Grandson of Andrey II
Rurikids

Ivan I

Ива́н I Дании́лович Калита́

1288 – 1340
1332
31 March 1340
Grandson of Alexander Nevsky
Son of Daniel of Moscow
Rurikids

text: After 1331, the title of the Grand Princes of Vladimir was assigned to the Princes of Moscow.

text: Grand Princes of Moscow[edit]

text: Alexander Nevsky, Grand Prince of Vladimir, placed his youngest son Daniel in charge of the territory around Moscow, and establishing the state of Muscovy, originally a vassal state to Vladimir-Suzdal. Daniel's son Ivan I assumed the title of Vladimir himself, establishing Muscovy as the premier principality among the various Russian states. Later rulers of Muscovy consolidated power, culminating with Ivan III who threw off the Mongol yoke and conquered most of the other Russian states. His son Vasili III completed the task of uniting all of Russia by eliminating the last few independent states in the 1520s. Vasili's son Ivan the Terrible formalized the situation by assuming the title Tsar of All Russias in 1547.

text:
Name
Lifespan
Reign start
Reign end
Notes
Family
Image

Daniel of Moscow

Даниил Александрович

1261 – 4 March 1303
1283
4 March 1303
Son of Alexander Nevsky and Maria
Rurikids

Yury of Moscow

Юрий Данилович

1281 – 21 November 1325
4 March 1303
21 November 1325
Son of Daniel
Elder brother of Ivan I
Rurikids

Ivan I

Ива́н I Дании́лович Калита́

1288 – 1340
1332
31 March 1340
He was a successor of Alexander of Suzdal as Grand Prince of Vladimir and a successor of Yury of Moscow as Grand Prince of Moscow
Rurikids

Simeon of Moscow

Семён Иванович Гордый

7 November 1316 – 27 April 1353
31 March 1340
27 April 1353
Son of Ivan I and Helena
Rurikids

Ivan II

Иван II Иванович Красный

30 March 1326 – 13 November 1359
27 April 1353
13 November 1359
Son of Ivan I and Helena
Younger brother of Simeon of Moscow
Rurikids

Dmitry of the Don

Дми́трий Ива́нович Донско́й

12 October 1350 – 19 May 1389
13 November 1359
19 May 1389
Son of Ivan II and Alexandra Vasilyevna Velyaminova
Rurikids

Vasily I

Василий I Дмитриевич

30 December 1371 – 27 February 1425
19 May 1389
27 February 1425
Son of Dmitry I and Eudoxia Dmitriyevna
Rurikids

Vasily II

Василий II Васильевич Тёмный

10 March 1415 – 27 March 1462
27 February 1425
30 March 1434
Son of Vasily I and Sophia of Lithuania
Rurikids

Yury of Zvenigorod

Ю́рий Дми́триевич

26 November 1374 – 5 June 1434
31 March 1434
5 June 1434
Son of Dmitry I and Eudoxia Dmitriyevna
Younger brother of Vasily I
Rurikids

Vasily Kosoy

Василий Юрьевич Косой

1421 – 1435
5 June 1434
1435
Son of Yury of Zvenigorod
Rurikids

Vasily II

Василий II Васильевич Тёмный

10 March 1415 – 27 March 1462
1435
1446
Restored
Rurikids

Dmitry Shemyaka

Дмитрий Юрьевич Шемяка

15th century
1446
26 March 1447
Son of Yury of Zvenigorod
Rurikids

Vasily II

Василий II Васильевич Тёмный

10 March 1415 – 27 March 1462
27 February 1447
27 March 1462
Restored
Rurikids

Ivan III

Иван III Васильевич

22 January 1440 – 6 November 1505
5 April 1462
6 November 1505
Son of Vasily II and Maria of Borovsk
Rurikids

Vasily III

Василий III Иванович

25 March 1479 – 13 December 1533
6 November 1505
13 December 1533
Son of Ivan III and Sophia Paleologue
Rurikids

Ivan IV

Ива́н Васи́льевич

25 August 1530 – 28 March 1584
Grand Prince: 13 December 1533
Tsar: 26 January 1547
Grand Prince: 26 January 1547
Tsar: 28 March 1584
Son of Vasily III and Elena Glinskaya
Rurikids

text: Tsars of Russia, 1547–1721[edit]

text: From the rule of Ivan III, the Grand Duchy of Moscow effectively became the dominant Russian state, overthrowing the Golden Horde, consolidating all remaining Russian principalities under itself, and conquering lands far from its roots in the city of Moscow. While Ivan III became effective ruler over the entirety of Russia, the situation was not formally recognized until his grandson Ivan the IV assumed the title Tsar in 1547, when the state of Russia (apart from its constituent principalities) came into formal being.

text: Dates are listed in the Old Style, which continued to be used in Russia until the revolution.

text:
Name
Lifespan
Reign start
Reign end
Notes
Family
Image

Ivan IV

Ива́н Васи́льевич
Ivan the Terrible

25 August 1530 – 28 March 1584
Grand Prince: 13 December 1533
Tsar: 26 January 1547
Grand Prince: 26 January 1547
Tsar: 28 March 1584
Son of Vasily III and Elena Glinskaya
Rurikids

Simeon Bekbulatovich

Симеон Бекбулатович

16th / 17th centuries
1575
1576
Muslim-born Khan of Qasim Khanate
Proclaimed Grand Prince of All Rus' in 1575 and abdicated within a year
Qasim

Feodor I

Фёдор I Иванович

31 May 1557 – 17 January 1598
28 March 1584
17 January 1598
Son of Ivan IV and Anastasia Romanovna
Rurikids

text: Time of Troubles[edit]

text: Following the death of the Feodor I, the son of Ivan the Terrible and the last of the Rurik dynasty, Russia fell into a succession crisis known as the Time of Troubles. As Feodor left no male heirs, the Russian Zemsky Sobor (feudal parliament) elected his brother-in-law Boris Godunov to be Tsar. Devastated by famine, rule under Boris descended into anarchy. A series of impostors, known as the False Dmitriys, each claimed to be Feodor's long deceased younger brother; however, only the first impostor ever legitimately held the title of Tsar. A distant Rurikid cousin, Vasili Shuyskiy, also took power for a time. During this period, foreign powers deeply involved themselves in Russian politics, under the leadership of the Vasa monarchs of Sweden and Poland-Lithuania, including Sigismund III Vasa and his son Władysław IV Vasa. As a child, Władysław was even chosen as Tsar by the Seven Boyars, though he was prevented by his father from formally taking the throne. The Time of Troubles is considered to have ended with the election of Michael Romanov to the throne, who established the Romanov dynasty that would rule Russia until the Russian Revolution of 1917.

text:
Name
Lifespan
Reign start
Reign end
Notes
Family
Image

Boris Godunov

Бори́с Фёдорович Годуно́в

ca. 1551 – 13 April 1605
21 February 1598
13 April 1605
Brother-in-law of Feodor I
Chosen by Zemsky Sobor
Godunov

Feodor II

Фёдор II Борисович

1589 – 20 June 1605
13 April 1605
10 June 1605
Son of Boris Godunov and Maria Grigorievna Skuratova-Belskaya
Godunov

Dmitriy I

Дмитрий Иванович

ca. 1581 – 17 May 1606
10 June 1605
17 May 1606
Claimed to be son of Ivan IV
Backed by Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
Rurikids
(claimed)

Vasily IV

Василий IV Иванович Шуйский

22 September 1552 – 12 September 1612
19 May 1606
17 July 1610
(deposed)
Ninth generation descendant of Andrei II in the male line
Rurikids

Vladislav I

Władysław IV Waza

9 June 1595 – 20 May 1648
6 September 1610
November 1612
(deposed)
14 June 1634
(resigned his claim)
King of Poland
Son of Sigismund III Vasa and Anne of Austria, Queen of Poland
Vasa

text: House of Romanov[edit]

text: The Time of Troubles came to a close with the election of Michael Romanov as Tsar in 1613. Michael officially reigned as Tsar, though his father, the Patriarch Philaret (died 1633) initially held the real power. However, Michael's descendents would rule Russia, first as Tsars and later as Emperors, until the Russian Revolution of 1917. Peter the Great (reigned 1682-1725), a grandson of Michael Romanov, reorganized the Russian state along more Western lines, establishing the Russian Empire in 1721.

text:
Name
Lifespan
Reign start
Reign end
Notes
Family
Image

Michael I

Михаи́л Фёдорович Рома́нов

12 July 1596 – 12 July 1645
26 July 1613
12 July 1645
Founder of Romanov Dynasty
First cousin once removed of Feodor I
Romanov

Alexis I

Алексе́й Миха́йлович

9 May 1629 – 29 January 1676
12 July 1645
29 January 1676
Son of Michael I and Eudoxia Streshneva
Romanov

Feodor III

Фёдор III Алексеевич

9 June 1661 – 7 May 1682
29 January 1676
7 May 1682
Son of Alexis I and Maria Ilyinichna Miloslavskaya
Romanov

Sophia Alekseyevna

Со́фья Алексе́евна

17 September 1657 – 3 July 1704
17 May 1682
27 August 1689
Daughter of Alexis I and Maria Miloslavskaya
Elder sister of Feodor III
She ruled as a regent of Ivan V and Peter I
Romanov

Ivan V

Иван V Алексеевич

6 September 1666 – 8 February 1696
2 June 1682
8 February 1696
Son of Alexis I and Maria Miloslavskaya
Younger brother of Sophia Alekseyevna and Feodor III
He ruled jointly with Peter I
Romanov

Peter I

Пётр Вели́кий

9 June 1672 – 8 February 1725
Tsar: 2 June 1682
Emperor: 2 November 1721
Tsar: 2 November 1721
Emperor: 8 February 1725
Son of Alexis I and Natalya Naryshkina
Younger brother of Sophia Alekseyevna, Feodor III and Ivan V
He ruled jointly with Ivan V
Regarded as one of the greatest Russian monarchs
Romanov

text: Emperors of Russia, 1721–1917, 1922[edit]

text: (Also Grand Princes of Finland from 1809 until 1917; and Kings of Poland from 1815 until 1917)

text: The Empire of Russia was declared by Peter the Great in 1721. Officially, Russia would be ruled by the Romanov dynasty until the Russian Revolution of 1917. However, direct male descendants of Michael Romanov came to an end in 1730 with the death of Peter II of Russia, grandson of Peter the Great. The throne passed to Anna, a niece of Peter the Great, and after the brief rule of her niece's infant son Ivan VI, the throne was seized by Elizabeth, a daughter of Peter the Great. Elizabeth would be the last of the direct Romanovs to rule Russia. Elizabeth declared her nephew, Peter, to be her heir. Peter (who would rule as Peter III) spoke little Russian, having been a German prince of the House of Holstein-Gottorp before arriving in Russia to assume the Imperial title. He and his German wife Sophia changed their name to Romanov upon inheriting the throne. Peter was ill-liked, and he was assassinated within six months of assuming the throne, in a coup orchestrated by his wife, who became Empress in her own right and ruled as Catherine the Great (both Peter and Catherine were descended from the House of Rurik). Following the confused successions of the descendants of Peter the Great, Catherine's son Paul I established clear succession laws which governed the rules of primogeniture over the Imperial throne until the fall of the Empire in 1917.

text:
Name
Lifespan
Reign start
Reign end
Notes
Family
Image

Peter I

Пётр Вели́кий
Peter the Great

9 June 1672 – 8 February 1725
Tsar: 2 June 1682
Emperor: 2 November 1721
Tsar: 2 November 1721
Emperor: 8 February 1725
Son of Alexis I and Natalya Naryshkina
Younger brother of Sophia Alekseyevna, Feodor III and Ivan V
He ruled jointly with Ivan V
Regarded as one of the greatest Russian monarchs
Romanov

Catherine I

Екатери́на I Алексе́евна

15 April 1684 – 17 May 1727
8 February 1725
17 May 1727
Wife of Peter I
Skowroński

Peter II

Пётр II Алексеевич

23 October 1715 – 30 January 1730
18 May 1727
30 January 1730
Grandson of Peter I
Romanov

Anna

Анна Иоанновна

7 February 1693 – 28 October 1740
13 February 1730
28 October 1740
Daughter of Ivan V
Romanov

Ivan VI

Иван VI

23 August 1740 – 16 July 1764
28 October 1740
6 December 1741
Great-grandson of Ivan V
Imprisoned and later murdered
Brunswick-Bevern

Elizabeth

Елизаве́та

29 December 1709 – 5 January 1762
6 December 1741
5 January 1762
Daughter of Peter I and Catherine I
Romanov

Peter III

Пётр III Фëдорович

21 February 1728 – 17 July 1762
9 January 1762
9 July 1762
Grandson of Peter I
Murdered
Holstein-Gottorp-Romanov

Catherine II

Екатерина Алексеевна
Catherine the Great

2 May 1729 – 17 November 1796
9 July 1762
17 November 1796
Wife of Peter III
Ascania

Paul I

Па́вел I Петро́вич

1 October 1754 – 23 March 1801
17 November 1796
23 March 1801
Son of Peter III and Catherine II
Assassinated
Holstein-Gottorp-Romanov

Alexander I

Александр Павлович

23 December 1777 – 1 December 1825
23 March 1801
1 December 1825
Son of Paul I and Sophie Dorothea of Württemberg
First Romanov King of Poland and Grand Prince of Finland
Holstein-Gottorp-Romanov

Constantine Pavlovich

Константи́н Па́влович

27 April 1779 – 27 June 1831
1 December 1825
26 December 1825
Son of Paul I and Sophie Dorothea of Württemberg
Younger brother of Alexander I
Uncrowned (abdicated the throne)
Holstein-Gottorp-Romanov

Nicholas I

Николай I Павлович

6 July 1796 – 2 March 1855
1 December 1825
2 March 1855
Son of Paul I and Sophie Dorothea of Württemberg
Younger brother of Alexander I and Constantine Pavlovich
Holstein-Gottorp-Romanov

Alexander II

Алекса́ндр II Никола́евич

29 April 1818 – 13 March 1881
2 March 1855
13 March 1881
Son of Nicholas I and Alexandra Feodrovna
Assassinated
Holstein-Gottorp-Romanov

Alexander III

Алекса́ндр III

10 March 1845 – 1 November 1894
13 March 1881
1 November 1894
Son of Alexander II and Maria Alexandrovna
Holstein-Gottorp-Romanov

Nicholas II

Николай II

18 May 1868 – 17 July 1918
1 November 1894
15 March 1917
Son of Alexander III and Maria Feodorovna
Abdicated the throne during the February Revolution
Executed by Bolsheviks
Holstein-Gottorp-Romanov

Nikolai Nikolaevich
6 November 1856 – 5 January 1929
8 August 1922
25 October 1922
Grandson of Nicholas I
Proclaimed Emperor of Russia by the Zemsky Sobor of the Provisional Priamurye Government. His nominal rule came to an end when the areas controlled by the Provisional Priamurye Government were overrun by the communists.
Holstein-Gottorp-Romanov

text: See List of leaders of Russia for the continuation of leadership.

text: Pretenders to the Russian throne since 1917[edit]