document_title: Growing Pains

question_text: who sang the theme song from growing pains

text: Growing Pains

text: Premise[edit]

text: The Seaver family resides at 15 Robin Hood Lane in Huntington, Long Island, New York.[2]

text: Dr. Jason Seaver (portrayed by Alan Thicke), a psychiatrist, works from home because his wife, Maggie (Joanna Kerns), has gone back to work as a reporter. Jason has to take care of the kids: ladies man Mike (Kirk Cameron), bookish honors student Carol (Tracey Gold), and rambunctious Ben (Jeremy Miller). A fourth child, Chrissy Seaver (twins Kelsey and Kirsten Dohring; Ashley Johnson), is born in October 1988. In the middle of season four (1988–89), she was first played in her infant stage by an uncredited set of twin sisters. Then, by season five (1989–90), she was played in her toddler stage by alternating twins Kristen and Kelsey Dohering. In seasons six and seven (1990–92), Chrissy's age was advanced to six years old. By the seventh and final season, homeless teen Luke Brower (Leonardo DiCaprio) is brought into the Seaver family to live with them nearly until the end of season seven.

text: Cast and characters[edit]

text: Main[edit]

text:
Alan Thicke as Dr. Jason Roland Seaver
Joanna Kerns as Margaret "Maggie" Katherine Malone Seaver
Kirk Cameron as Michael "Mike" Aaron Seaver
Tracey Gold as Carol Anne Seaver
Jeremy Miller as Benjamin "Ben" Hubert Horatio Humphrey Seaver
Ashley Johnson as Christine "Chrissy" Ellen Seaver (seasons 6–7)

Kelsey and Kristen Dohring as Christine Ellen "Chrissy" Seaver (toddler) (season 5, alternating)

Leonardo DiCaprio as Luke Brower (season 7)[3]

text: Recurring[edit]

text:
Andrew Koenig as Richard Milhous "Boner" Stabone (seasons 1–4), Mike's friend; left to join the United States Marine Corps
Jamie Abbott as Stinky Sullivan (seasons 2–6), Ben's friend
K. C. Martel as Eddie (seasons 1–7), Mike's friend
Chelsea Noble as Kate MacDonald (seasons 5–7), Mike's girlfriend
Heather Langenkamp as Marie Lubbock (season 3; starred in spin-off Just the Ten of Us), Coach Graham Lubbock's daughter / Amy Boutilier (season 6), Mike's love interest
Gordon Jump as Ed Malone (seasons 1–7); Maggie's father
Lisa Capps as Debbie (seasons 2–4), Carol's friend
Rachael Jacobs as Shelley (seasons 2–4), Carol's friend
Julie McCullough as Julie Costello (seasons 4–5), Mike's former girlfriend
Sam Anderson as Principal Willis DeWitt (season 1–7), Mike's history teacher in season one and principal from season two onward
Betty McGuire as Kate Malone (seasons 1–7); Maggie's mother
Bill Kirchenbauer as Coach Graham Lubbock (seasons 2–5; starred in spin-off Just the Ten of Us), gym teacher
Jodi Peterson as Laura Lynn (seasons 4–6), Ben's girlfriend / love interest
Evan Arnold as Richie Flanscopper (seasons 2–4)
Jane Powell as Irma Seaver (seasons 1–3), Jason's mother
Harry Shearer as Francis X. Tedesco (season 7), principal of the learning annex where Mike teaches
Matthew Perry as Sandy (season 4), Carol's boyfriend

text: Opening sequences[edit]

text: This section does not cite any sources. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (January 2016) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

tag: table

text: The season one main opening features various works of art and vintage photography depicting family life, closing with a shot of the cast.

text: The opening credits from seasons two through five features an opening shot of the cast in front of the Seaver house exterior. This is followed by a series of photos of each cast member from their childhood onward ending with a clip from the show. The credits closed with another shot of the cast in front of the Seaver house before they all run inside. Starting in the fourth season, several different versions of the opening sequence were filmed. Whoever was the last to go into the house would usually be the focus of that week's episode.[citation needed]

text: The opening used in seasons six and seven featured opening and shot of the mantle on the Seavers' fireplace panning over photos of the cast. The photos of the cast from childhood remained but instead of clips from the show, current still photos were used. Some versions of these credits end with another shot of the mantle while others close with a montage of group shots from the same family photo shoot which the current photos used in the rest of the credits come from.

text: Theme song[edit]

text: This section does not cite any sources. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (March 2016) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

text: The show's theme song is "As Long as We've Got Each Other", which was written and composed by John Bettis (lyrics) and Steve Dorff (music). It was performed by:

text:
B.J. Thomas (singing solo); season 1
B.J. Thomas & Jennifer Warnes; seasons 2, 3, 5, part of 7
B.J. Thomas & Dusty Springfield; season 4
Joe Chemay, Jim Haas, Jon Joyce and George Merrill (singing a capella); season 6, part of 7, series finale

text: There were nine versions of the theme song used; others included a Halloween-themed version not sung by Thomas or Warnes used in a two-part Halloween episode in 1990. A shorter version of the Thomas/Warnes version was used starting in season five.

text: There was also an a cappella version of the song which was used for all of season six, but this version was abandoned for most of season seven in favor of the reinstatement of Thomas' and Warnes' duet version, although the a cappella theme returned for three episodes as well as the series finale. A full-length version by Thomas and Springfield was released as a single in 1988.

text: A soundtrack was released in 1988 titled Steve Dorff and Friends: Growing Pains and Other Hit TV Themes. The soundtrack contains songs penned by Dorff from his television series theme songs and three tracks from Growing Pains:

text:
Theme Song "As Long As We Got Each Other" (B.J. Thomas and Dusty Springfield)
Aloha Episode – "Swept Away" by Christopher Cross
Graduation Day Episode – "This Is The Day" performed by B.J. Thomas

tag: ol

text: Production[edit]

text: Kirk Cameron was once an atheist,[4] but when he was 17, during the height of his career on Growing Pains, became a born-again Christian.[5][6][7] After converting to Christianity, he began to insist that story lines be stripped of anything he thought too adult or racy.[8][9]

text: According to rumors at the time, the biggest consequence of Cameron's conversion to Christianity was the firing of actress Julie McCullough who had landed the role of nanny Julie Costello in 1989. McCullough's character appeared in eight episodes of the show before she was fired at Cameron's insistence and replaced on the show by Cameron's real-life girlfriend, Chelsea Noble. Cameron objected to and was outraged at McCullough's having posed nude in Playboy, and accused the show's producers of promoting pornography. A decade later, Cameron apologized, attributing his behavior to his lack of maturity,[10][11] but did not reconcile with McCullough, who claims that Cameron refused to speak to her during a later encounter, and who remains critical of him, stating that she lost a lot from the public criticism she endured from the controversy. McCullough has criticized the evangelical television programming Cameron has produced, which she has viewed on one occasion, saying on her MySpace page:

text: He thinks if I read science books that I'm going to hell. [I would] rather laugh with the sinners than cry with the saints ... the sinners are much more fun. And a lot more interesting than some book-burner who is still having growing pains. I am at peace with God. Kirk thinks people like me are going to Hell, if I do then at least I'll go well informed and well read.[12]

text: Cameron, however, tells a different story:

text: "Contrary to popular gossip, I had nothing to do with the firing of Julie McCullough.... But don't take my word for it.. According to Dan Guntzelman, the head show-runner for Growing Pains: 'The truth is, Julie was let go because Mike being in a commmitted relationship was a dead end - he was, after all, an immature imp who was ill-equipped to deal with a grownup world on all levels. That's where the conflict and comedy came from. The maturity to have and maintain a lasting relationship fought against this... Julie was to play the part of Mike's first serious relationship - the first time he was swept up in something larger than himself, but she was never intended to be his mate for life, even the life of the series.'

text: "Producer Mike Sullivan confirms Dan's comments: 'It was a guest star role; she wasn't hired as a series regular. There was never any intention of the Mike character being married or in a permanent romantic relationship.'" [13]

text: In season four, the show's scripts called for the character Carol Seaver to be the brunt of fat jokes from her television brothers. Beginning in October 1988, Gold dieted from 133 pounds to about 110 pounds on a medically supervised 500-calorie-a-day diet, but still occasionally the scripts included fat jokes at her expense. In her autobiography, she says that between 1989 and 1991, she became increasingly obsessed with food and her weight and continued to slowly and steadily lose weight. In 1990, Gold began group therapy in an eating disorder program, but only learned more ways to lose weight. That season, her problem with weight loss was touched upon slightly on the television series, when Gold is seen looking at her body in a carnival mirror, and describes to another character the distorted image in her head. In 1991, she started starving herself more than ever and began vomiting, losing a massive amount of weight, to the point that she was admitted to a hospital in early 1992. Her lowest weight is estimated to have been near 80 pounds. She was suspended from the show for her skeletal appearance. Photos of Gold's emaciated body were plastered all over tabloid magazines, and she was one of the first celebrities ever to be formally outed for anorexia. The producers and wardrobe department for the show tried to hide her skeletal and gaunt appearance by dressing her in large and baggy sweaters and sweatshirts. She last appeared in the 1991 episode "Menage a Luke" after missing the two prior episodes where her problem is very obvious in some scenes, and did not return until the last two episodes of the series in the late spring of 1992, although she was not fully recovered.[citation needed]

text: Episodes[edit]

text:
Season
Episodes
Originally aired
Nielsen ratings[14]

First aired
Last aired
Rank
Rating

1
22
September 24, 1985 (1985-09-24)
May 13, 1986 (1986-05-13)
17
19.5
(Tied with Knots Landing)

2
22
September 30, 1986 (1986-09-30)
May 19, 1987 (1987-05-19)
8
22.7

3
26
September 18, 1987 (1987-09-18)
May 4, 1988 (1988-05-04)
5
21.3

4
22
October 18, 1988 (1988-10-18)
May 3, 1989 (1989-05-03)
13
17.6
(Tied with L.A. Law)

5
26
September 20, 1989 (1989-09-20)
May 2, 1990 (1990-05-02)
21
15.4

6
24
September 19, 1990 (1990-09-19)
April 24, 1991 (1991-04-24)
27
14.3
(Tied with Baby Talk and Davis Rules)

7
24
September 18, 1991 (1991-09-18)
April 25, 1992 (1992-04-25)
N/A
N/A

8
2
November 5, 2000 (2000-11-05)
October 16, 2004 (2004-10-16)
N/A
N/A

text: Broadcast history[edit]

text:
Schedule
Time slot (ET)

1985–86
Tuesday at 8:30 PM

1986–87

1987–88
Friday at 8:00 PM (Episode 1)
Friday at 8:30 PM (Episode 2)
Tuesday at 9:00 PM (Episode 3)
Tuesday at 8:30 PM (Episodes 4-19)
Wednesday at 8:00 PM (Episodes 20-22, 25-26)
Wednesday at 8:30 PM (Episode 23)
Tuesday at 8:00 PM (Episode 24)

1988–89
Wednesday at 8:00 PM

1989–90

1990–91
Wednesday at 8:30 PM (Episodes 1-6, 8-24)
Wednesday at 8:00 PM (Episode 7)

1991–92
Wednesday at 8:30 PM (Episodes 1-2)
Saturday at 8:30 PM (Episodes 3-15)
Saturday at 9:30 PM (Episodes 16-22, 24)
Saturday at 9:00 PM (Episode 23)

text: Awards and nominations[edit]

text:
Year
Association
Category
Nominee / episode
Result

1985
Young Artist Awards
Best Young Actor Starring in a New Television Series
Kirk Cameron
Won

1985
Best Young Actress Starring in a New Television Series
Tracey Gold
Nominated

1985
Best Young Supporting Actor in a New Television Series
Jeremy Miller
Won

1986
Primetime Emmy Awards
Outstanding Achievement in Music and Lyrics
"As Long As We Got Each Other"
Nominated

1986
Outstanding Lighting Direction (Electronic) for a Series
George Spiro Dibie (director of photography) / "My Brother, Myself"[citation needed]
Won

1986
Young Artist Awards
Exceptional Performance by a Young Actor Starring in a Television Comedy or Drama Series
Kirk Cameron
Won

1986
Exceptional Performance by a Young Actor in a Long Running Series Comedy or Drama
Jeremy Miller
Nominated

1986
Exceptional Performance by a Young Actress, Guest Starring in a Television, Comedy or Drama Series
April Lerman
Nominated

1987
Young Artist Awards
Best Young Superstar in Television
Kirk Cameron
Won

1987
Exceptional Performance by a Young Actor in a Television Comedy Series
Jeremy Miller
Won

1987
Best Young Actress Guest Starring in a Television Comedy Series
Candace Cameron / "The Long Goodbye"
Nominated

1987
Best Family Comedy Series
Growing Pains
Won

1988
Primetime Emmy Awards
Outstanding Achievement in Music and Lyrics
Song: "Swept Away" / episode: "Aloha"
Nominated

1988
Kids' Choice Awards
Favorite TV Actor
Kirk Cameron
Nominated

1988
Favorite TV Show
Growing Pains
Nominated

1988
Golden Globe Awards
Best Performance by an Actor in a TV-Series – Comedy/Musical
Alan Thicke
Nominated

1988
Best Performance by an Actor in a Supporting Role in a Series, Mini-Series or Motion Picture Made for TV
Kirk Cameron
Nominated

1989
Best Performance by an Actor in a Supporting Role in a Series, Mini-Series or Motion Picture Made for TV
Kirk Cameron
Nominated

1989
Kids' Choice Awards
Favorite TV Show
Growing Pains
Nominated

1989
Favorite TV Actor
Kirk Cameron
Nominated

1989
Favorite TV Actress
Tracey Gold
Nominated

1989
Young Artist Awards
Best Family Television Series
Growing Pains
Nominated

1990
Best Young Actor Starring in a Television Series
Jeremy Miller
Nominated

1990
Best Young Actor Guest Starring in a Television Series
Kenny Morrison
Nominated

1990
Kids' Choice Awards
Favorite TV Actor
Kirk Cameron
Won

1991
Primetime Emmy Awards
Outstanding Lighting Direction (Electronic) for a Comedy Series
George Spiro Dibie / "Happy Halloween"
Won

1991
Young Artist Awards
Exceptional Performance by a Young Actress Under Nine
Ashley Johnson
Nominated

1992
Best Young Actor Co-starring in a Television Series
Leonardo DiCaprio
Nominated

1992
Exceptional Performance by a Young Actress Under Ten
Ashley Johnson
Nominated

1993
Outstanding Actress Under Ten in a Television Series
Ashley Johnson
Nominated

text: Spin-off[edit]

text: Growing Pains spawned the spin-off series, Just the Ten of Us, which featured Coach Graham Lubbock, Mike and Carol's gym teacher, moving to California with his large family to teach at an all-boys Catholic school after he was fired from Thomas Dewey High School.

text: Reunion movies[edit]

text: In 2000, the cast reunited for The Growing Pains Movie, followed by Growing Pains: Return of the Seavers in 2004.

text: DVD Releases[edit]

text: Warner Home Video has released the entire series on DVD in Region 1.[15] Seasons 3–7 are manufacture-on-demand (MOD) releases, available exclusively through Warner's online store and Amazon.com.

text: On December 6, 2011, Warner Bros. released The Growing Pains Movie and Growing Pains: Return of the Seavers on DVD in Region 1 via their Warner Archive Collection. Similar to the subsequent season sets, these are manufacture-on-demand (MOD) releases, available exclusively through Warner's online store and amazon.com.

text:
DVD name
Ep #
Release dates

Region 1
Region 4

Season 1
22
February 7, 2006
June 5, 2007

Season 2
22
April 26, 2011
N/A

Season 3
26
May 21, 2013

Season 4
22
April 14, 2015

Season 5
26
July 14, 2015

Season 6
24
October 20, 2015

Season 7
24
January 26, 2016

text: Syndication[edit]

text: United States[edit]

text: ABC aired reruns of the show on its daytime schedule from July 1988 to August 1989. The show originally aired at 11:00 am (EST) until January 1989, when with the cancellation of Ryan's Hope and the expansion of Home to an hour (from 11:00am-noon), the reruns moved to 12:00 pm.

text: In the fall of 1989, the show was sold to local syndication, which continued until 1997. The show also aired on TBS for several years.

text: Reruns aired on the Disney Channel from September 1997 to September 2001. The cable rights for the show moved to sister network ABC Family, where it ran from 2001 to 2004. It has also aired on ION Television during the fall of 2006 into the spring of 2007.

text: Nick at Nite began airing Growing Pains on February 12, 2007, launching with a marathon from 9:00 pm ET-1:00 am ET. It was pulled from the line-up shortly after, and later moved to sister network The N/TeenNick, where it aired up until early 2010. TeenNick re-aired the series on Monday, September 13, 2010, in a 5:00 am hour block, and aired its final showings on December 27, 2010.

text: Growing Pains aired on Up TV from January 2015-July 2017. Antenna TV will start airing the series in December 2017.

text: Asia[edit]

text: This show was dubbed in Chinese by the Shanghai Television in the late 1980s with the title of Chéngzhǎng de Fánnǎo (成长的烦恼; literally "Growing vexation")

text: This show was dubbed in Chinese by Chinese Television System in the 1980s–1990s, and was given a Chinese title called Huānlè Jiātíng (歡樂家庭; Happy Family)

text: Growing Pains was dubbed in Japanese, and broadcast by the NHK of Japan in the title of "Yukai na Shiba Ke (愉快なシーバー家)" (Happy Seaver family) from 1997 to 2000

text: Europe[edit]

text: The show aired with the title of Unser lautes Heim (Our noisy home) on ProSieben from 1993.

text: Two books published in French exclusively about Growing Pains: Cyrille Rollet, PhD (EHESS, Paris),

text:
Physiologie d'un sitcom américain (voyage au cœur de Growing Pains), (volume 1) – Physiology of an American Sitcom (Journey to the Heart of Growing Pains)
Circulation culturelle d'un sitcom américain (volume 2) – The Cultural Circulation of an American Sitcom

text: In Italy the series aired in 1987 with the title Genitori in blue jeans (Parents in blue jeans)[16].

text: Australasia[edit]

text:
Digital free-to-air channel 7TWO began airing reruns of Growing Pains in October 2010, and reached the final episode in June 2011, replacing it with Night Court. The Nine Network first aired the show back in the 1980s and 1990s.
The show aired on TVNZ's TV2 on Saturday afternoons in the late 1980s-early 1990s.

text: Turkey[edit]

text: The show aired in the beginning of the 1990s in Turkey's first private TV channel, Star TV.

text: Latin America[edit]

text: The show was previously aired on Nickelodeon's block, Nick at Nite from 2006 until 2009.


document_title: Furnace

question_text: where does combustion take place in a furnace

root

text: Furnace

text: Categories[edit]

text: Furnaces can be classified into four general categories, based on efficiency and design.

tag: p

text: Natural draft[edit]

text: The first category of furnaces are natural draft, atmospheric burner furnaces. These furnaces consisted of cast-iron or riveted-steel heat exchangers built within an outer shell of brick, masonry, or steel. The heat exchangers were vented through brick or masonry chimneys. Air circulation depended on large, upwardly pitched pipes constructed of wood or metal The pipes would channel the warm air into floor or wall vents inside the home. This method of heating worked because warm air rises.

text: The system was simple, had few controls, a single automatic gas valve, and no blower. These furnaces could be made to work with any fuel simply by adapting the burner area. They have been operated with wood, coke, coal, trash, paper, natural gas, and fuel oil. Furnaces that used solid fuels required daily maintenance to remove ash and "clinkers" that accumulated in the bottom of the burner area. In later years, these furnaces were adapted with electric blowers to aid air distribution and speed moving heat into the home. Gas and oil-fired systems were usually controlled by a thermostat inside the home, while most wood and coal-fired furnaces had no electrical connection and were controlled by the amount of fuel in the burner and position of the fresh-air damper on the burner access door.

text: Forced-air[edit]

text: The second category of furnace is the forced-air, atmospheric burner style with a cast-iron or sectional steel heat exchanger. Through the 1950s and 1960s, this style of furnace was used to replace the big, natural draft systems, and was sometimes installed on the existing gravity duct work. The heated air was moved by blowers which were belt driven and designed for a wide range of speeds. These furnaces were still big and bulky compared to modern furnaces, and had heavy-steel exteriors with bolt-on removable panels. Energy efficiency would range anywhere from just over 50% to upward of 65% AFUE. This style furnace still used large, masonry or brick chimneys for flues and was eventually designed to accommodate air-conditioning systems.

text: Forced draft[edit]

text: The third category of furnace is the forced draft, mid-efficiency furnace with a steel heat exchanger and multi-speed blower. These furnaces were physically much more compact than the previous styles. They were equipped with combustion air blowers that would pull air through the heat exchanger which greatly increased fuel efficiency while allowing the heat exchangers to become smaller. These furnaces may have multi-speed blowers and were designed to work with central air-conditioning systems.

text: Condensing[edit]

text: The fourth category of furnace is the high-efficiency, or condensing furnace. High-efficiency furnaces can achieve from 89% to 98% fuel efficiency. This style of furnace includes a sealed combustion area, combustion draft inducer and a secondary heat exchanger. Because the heat exchanger removes most of the heat from the exhaust gas, it actually condenses water vapor and other chemicals (which form a mild acid) as it operates. The vent pipes are normally installed with PVC pipe versus metal vent pipe to prevent corrosion. The draft inducer allows for the exhaust piping to be routed vertically or horizontally as it exits the structure. The most efficient arrangement for high-efficiency furnaces include PVC piping that brings fresh combustion air from the outside of the home directly to the furnace. Normally the combustion air (fresh air) PVC is routed alongside the exhaust PVC during installation and the pipes exit through a sidewall of the home in the same location. High efficiency furnaces typically deliver a 25% to 35% fuel savings over a 60% AFUE furnace.

text: Furnace types[edit]

text: Single-stage[edit]

text: A single-stage furnace has only one stage of operation, it is either on or off.[1] This means that it is relatively noisy, always running at the highest speed, and always pumping out the hottest air at the highest velocity.

text: One of the benefits to a single-stage furnace is typically the cost for installation. Single-stage furnaces are relatively inexpensive since the technology is rather simple.

text: Two-stage[edit]

text: This type has two stages of operation, full speed and half (or reduced) speed. Depending on the demanded heat, they can run at a lower speed most of the time. They can be quieter, move the air at less velocity, and will better keep the desired temperature in the house.

text: Modulating[edit]

text: This type of furnace can modulate the heat output and air velocity nearly continuously, depending on the demanded heat and outside temperature. This means that it only works as much as necessary and therefore saves energy.

text: Heat distribution[edit]

text: The furnace transfers heat to the living space of the building through an intermediary distribution system. If the distribution is through hot water (or other fluid) or through steam, then the furnace is more commonly called a boiler. One advantage of a boiler is that the furnace can provide hot water for bathing and washing dishes, rather than requiring a separate water heater. One disadvantage to this type of application is when the boiler breaks down, neither heating nor domestic hot water are available.

text: Air convection heating systems have been in use for over a century. Older systems rely on a passive air circulation system where the greater density of cooler air causes it to sink into the furnace area below, through air return registers in the floor, and the lesser density of warmed air causes it to rise in the ductwork; the two forces acting together to drive air circulation in a system termed 'gravity-fed'. The layout of these 'octopus’ furnaces and their duct systems is optimized with various diameters of large dampered ducts.

text: By comparison, most modern "warm air" furnaces typically use a fan to circulate air to the rooms of house and pull cooler air back to the furnace for reheating; this is called forced-air heat. Because the fan easily overcomes the resistance of the ductwork, the arrangement of ducts can be far more flexible than the octopus of old. In American practice, separate ducts collect cool air to be returned to the furnace. At the furnace, cool air passes into the furnace, usually through an air filter, through the blower, then through the heat exchanger of the furnace, whence it is blown throughout the building. One major advantage of this type of system is that it also enables easy installation of central air conditioning, simply by adding a cooling coil at the outlet of the furnace.

text: Air is circulated through ductwork, which may be made of sheet metal or plastic "flex" duct, and is insulated or uninsulated. Unless the ducts and plenum have been sealed using mastic or foil duct tape, the ductwork is likely to have a high leakage of conditioned air, possibly into unconditioned spaces. Another cause of wasted energy is the installation of ductwork in unheated areas, such as attics and crawl spaces; or ductwork of air conditioning systems in attics in warm climates.

text: Home furnaces[edit]

text: A home furnace is a major appliance that is permanently installed to provide heat to an interior space through intermediary fluid movement, which may be air, steam, or hot water. Heating appliances that use steam or hot water as the fluid are normally referred to as a residential steam boiler or residential hot water boiler. The most common fuel source for modern furnaces in North America and much of Europe is natural gas; other common fuel sources include LPG (liquefied petroleum gas), fuel oil and in rare cases coal or wood. In some areas electrical resistance heating is used, especially where the cost of electricity is low or the primary purpose is for air conditioning.

text: Modern high-efficiency furnaces can be up to 98% efficient and operate without a chimney, with a typical gas furnace being about 80% efficient.[2] Waste gas and heat are mechanically ventilated through PVC pipes that can be vented through the side or roof of the house. Fuel efficiency in a gas furnace is measured in AFUE (Annual Fuel Utilization Efficiency).

text: Metallurgical furnaces[edit]

text: In metallurgy, several specialized furnaces are used. These include:

text:
Furnaces used in smelters, including:

The blast furnace, used to reduce iron ore to pig iron
Steelmaking furnaces, including:

Puddling furnace
Reverberatory furnace
Bessemer converter
Open hearth furnace
Basic oxygen furnace
Electric arc furnace
Electric induction furnace

Furnaces used to remelt metal in foundries.
Furnaces used to reheat and heat treat metal for use in:

Rolling mills, including tinplate works and slitting mills.
Forges.

Vacuum furnaces

tag: ul

text: Industrial furnaces[edit]

text: An industrial furnace or direct fired heater, is an equipment used to provide heat for a process or can serve as reactor which provides heats of reaction. Furnace designs vary as to its function, heating duty, type of fuel and method of introducing combustion air. However, most process furnaces have some common features.

text: Fuel flows into the burner and is burnt with air provided from an air blower. There can be more than one burner in a particular furnace which can be arranged in cells which heat a particular set of tubes. Burners can also be floor mounted, wall mounted or roof mounted depending on design. The flames heat up the tubes, which in turn heat the fluid inside in the first part of the furnace known as the radiant section or firebox. In this chamber where combustion takes place, the heat is transferred mainly by radiation to tubes around the fire in the chamber.


document_title: I'm on a Boat

question_text: where was i'm on a boat filmed

question_tokens: where was i 'm on a boat filmed

text: I'm on a Boat

text: Music and lyrics[edit]

text: The song features an aggressive delivery of the lyrics which are peppered with strong profanity throughout while making simple proclamations, ranging from the mundane ("The boat engine make noise") to the absurd ("I'm gonna fly this boat to the moon somehow"). Schaffer at one time claims to be riding a wild dolphin, and doing flips, and at another time to be climbing buoys. Samberg sings that he's "king of the world, on a boat like Leo" referring to Leonardo DiCaprio in the movie Titanic, and mentions Kevin Garnett's 2008 NBA championship finals victory quote "anything is possible".

text: Music video[edit]

text: Directed by Akiva Schaffer, the video opens with Andy Samberg — who is sitting at the kitchen table with bandmates Akiva Schaffer and Jorma Taccone — pouring cereal into a bowl. To his delight, a coupon for a free boat ride for three falls out of the box. After pondering who will go with him, Samberg picks Schaffer but skips over Taccone in favor of the previously unseen R&B singer T-Pain, who has apparently been sitting at the table, off camera, the entire time.

text: The three men are next seen atop the yacht Never Say Never[5] in Biscayne Bay, Florida,[6] dressed in tuxedos as Samberg announces that the boat is preparing to launch.

text: The video frequently shows flashes of the left-out Taccone at comparatively mundane places, for example, "at Kinko's straight flippin' copies", taking out the trash, or lifting a parking ticket from his car. The rap portion of the video places Samberg, Schaffer and T-Pain throughout the boat and in varying attire, including a flight suit (parodying George W. Bush's 2003 Mission Accomplished speech), traditional sailor costumes, white naval uniforms, "a nautical-themed pashmina afghan" and typical casual and formal resort wear.

text: Critical reception[edit]

text: Giving the song four stars, Rolling Stone said it is "one of the strongest Saturday Night Live hip-hop hits since Eddie Murphy was funny."[7] Stereogum called the tune "a 2:42 masterclass in stunting."[8] The A.V. Club said the song "holds up well on physical media."[9] As of April 2011, the video has been viewed more than 110 million times on YouTube alone and was featured by Entertainment Weekly, Stereogum, and G4's Attack of the Show.[10][11]

text: In December 2009, "I'm on a Boat" received a nomination for Best Rap/Sung Collaboration at the 52nd Grammy Awards, a category held for a rhymed/sung collaborative performance by artists who do not normally perform together,[12] losing to Jay-Z, Kanye West, and Rihanna's song "Run This Town".

text: In popular culture[edit]

text: On April 8, 2016, Elon Musk briefly tweeted out, then subsequently deleted, a link to the song when the SpaceX Falcon 9 successfully made its first landing "on a boat" (namely, on a floating landing platform, the Autonomous Spaceport Drone Ship).[13]

text: Charts[edit]

text:
Chart (2009)
Peak
position

Australian Singles Chart
14

Canadian Hot 100[14]
62

New Zealand Singles Chart[15]
9

U.S. Billboard Hot 100[14]
56

text: Certifications[edit]

text:
Country
Certification
(sales thresholds)

Australia
Gold

Canada
Gold[16]

United States
Platinum[17]


document_title: Portal:Lemony Snicket/Selected article

question_text: what is vfd in series of unfortunate events

text: Portal:Lemony Snicket/Selected article

text: A Series of Unfortunate Events portal "selected article" archive

text: Today is Tuesday, May 29, 2018; it is now 18:40 UTC

text: American children's author Lemony Snicket signed with Egmont Publishing (UK) in August 2009 and Little, Brown and Company (U.S.) in November 2009 to begin work on a four-part children's series. Although Snicket has switched from his former publisher, HarperCollins, to Little, Brown and Company, he will continue to work with his longtime editor Susan Rich. The first novel is set for release in 2012. In August 2009, it was announced that Egmont Publishing had purchased the rights to a new series by Snicket. By November 2009, Little, Brown and Company had purchased the North American rights to the series. The series will have some overlap with his previous series, A Series of Unfortunate Events, but will not involve its protagonists, the Baudelaire orphans. Daniel Handler, the author behind the Snicket pen name, clarified that the series "is mostly an entirely new story. But if you are a close reader of the series you will see some overlap. There will be something for people who are hungry for that sort of thing." He reiterated: "It does have some overlap with the series, but it's not a continuation." Asked about his progress with the series in January 2010, Handler stated that he was "at the point that it's a twinkle in someone else's eye." He told The Scotsman that the series was "still kind of fetal", and that he would be writing it in 2010. The Times reported he is playing with a plot and title. The only hint to the story's plot provided by Handler was that the series will "approach that question mark from a different angle," a reference to the Great Unknown, a mysterious entity appearing in the final three novels of A Series of Unfortunate Events. Egmont publicist Jessica Dean stated: "If there's such a thing as a secret secret, this is one. He's working on it but it's shrouded in secrecy…He's busy investigating as only he would." Egmont Publishing officially stated, "The new series…at this stage cannot be named (for fear of jeopardising the final stages of Mr Snicket's investigations)."

text: Lemony Snicket's novel series A Series of Unfortunate Events mentions numerous forms of wild and domestic fauna. Though many such animals are only described in passing – swans, marmosets, manatees, carrier pigeons, butterflies, and yaks to name a few – a number play central or secondary roles in the plot. Throughout the series it becomes apparent that V.F.D. utilized numerous animals to accomplish their missions. According to the woman with hair but no beard, the crows, eagles, lions, and reptiles are the main animals of V.F.D.

text: The Volunteer Fire Department (V.F.D.) is a secret organization dedicated to the promotion of literacy, classical learning, and crime prevention within the book series A Series of Unfortunate Events by Lemony Snicket. V.F.D. is an abbreviation for various terms related to the organization, which helps to increase the reader's confusion of what the initials actually stand for. The Baudelaires excepted, the meanings are perfectly clear to the organization's members. V.F.D. was first mentioned in The Austere Academy when Duncan and Isadora Quagmire were researching Count Olaf. At the climax of the book, they reveal that they have discovered an important secret, but are kidnapped by Olaf before they can tell the Baudelaires. There are mentions of V.F.D. in every book in the series following The Austere Academy. The theme becomes increasingly prominent in subsequent volumes as the Baudelaire orphans investigate the initials' true meaning, and it appears to figure centrally in their parents' deaths and the schemes of their enemy, Count Olaf. It eventually transpires that it is the name of a secret organization. The Slippery Slope suggests that V.F.D. stands for 'Volunteer Fire Department', among other things; in The End Lemony Snicket's narration confirms that 'Volunteer Fire Department' is the correct meaning of the initials. In The Grim Grotto, it is revealed that while this was the origin of the organization, its members had many other interests. While the name "Volunteer Fire Department" connotes a group that actively puts out fires (metaphorically as well as literally, according to Kit Snicket), it can be read to mean a group that actively starts fires (something of an allusion to the "firemen" in Ray Bradbury's Fahrenheit 451), which indeed happens when the group is split because of a schism. One group of Schismatics fights fires and the other half are arsonists. When the Schism occurred and exactly why it occurred is unknown, except that it was in the childhood of Kit Snicket and Dewey Denouement and that it appears that a line has been drawn between those who stop fires and those who start them. The members of the former are called "volunteers" and the members of the latter are called "villains". The "volunteers" often appear to be desperate, in that their situation seems to be one of dire straits. It is openly stated that the "villains" are growing more powerful and the "volunteers" weaker; however, the epilogue of the thirteenth and final book suggests that after the events therein, the "volunteer" half of the organization seems to have survived or recovered, while the "villain" half has returned to its former power. The protagonists of the series (Violet, Klaus and Sunny Baudelaire) discover that their parents were members of this secret organization, as were many of the guardians they were placed with after their parents' death, along with various other people they encounter throughout the books.

text: The End is the thirteenth and final novel in A Series of Unfortunate Events, by American author Lemony Snicket. The book was released on October 13, 2006 (Friday the 13th), ending the series which began in 1999 with the simultaneous publication of The Bad Beginning and The Reptile Room. Set after the destruction of the Hotel Denouement in The Penultimate Peril, which resulted in the death of almost every secondary character in the series, the protagonists, Violet, Klaus, and Sunny Baudelaire, are forced to realize the implications of their increasingly immoral actions by joining the series' antagonist, Count Olaf, in fleeing to sea, where they shipwreck on an idyllic island populated by similar refugees and overseen by the messianic Ishmael. The novel is the culmination of numerous plot points, including the identity of Snicket's lost lover Beatrice, the end of the Baudelaires' quest to solve the mystery of V.F.D., the revelation of the dangers of the Great Unknown and the reason Snicket has sworn to chronicle this portion of the Baudelaires' lives, and the Baudelaires' redemption as they come to discern good from evil; this final theme is presented in an elaborate analogue of the Garden of Eden, the Serpent, and the Tree of the Knowledge of Good and Evil. The End is the only book in the series without an alliterative title.

text: The sugar bowl is a fictional object from A Series of Unfortunate Events by Lemony Snicket. It was first mentioned by name in The Hostile Hospital, in which Snicket (as the narrator) ponders whether it was necessary to have stolen it from Esmé Squalor. It is (probably) indirectly mentioned in The Ersatz Elevator by Esmé. In Lemony Snicket: The Unauthorized Autobiography, it becomes apparent that it contains an object of great power or danger. There are many mentions of the sugar bowl and both sides of V.F.D. seem to be pursuing it; the Baudelaire orphans are eventually caught up in the search, although they have no idea why the bowl is so important.

text: The members of Count Olaf's theater troupe are fictional characters who appear in Lemony Snicket's A Series of Unfortunate Events. Frequently referred to as Count Olaf's associates, assistants, comrades, accomplices, or henchman, the theater troupe is a traveling group of stage actors led by Count Olaf. Each member of the troupe goes by an anagrammatic pseudonym based on the letters in "Count Olaf", and these along with certain soubriquets are the only names by which most of them can be identified. The troupe is described thus in The Bad Beginning:

text: There was a bald man with a very long nose, dressed in a long black robe. There were two women who had bright white powder all over their faces, making them look like ghosts. Behind the women was a man with very long and skinny arms, at the end of which were two hooks instead of hands. There was a person who was extremely fat, and who looked like neither a man nor a woman. And behind this person, standing in the doorway, were an assortment of people.

text: A Series of Unfortunate Events is a children's book series of thirteen novels (or "tridecalogy") written by Daniel Handler under the pseudonym Lemony Snicket, and illustrated by Brett Helquist. It is about the adventures of three children, the Baudelaire orphans, after the death of their parents in a fire. The setting of the series is anachronistic, and throughout the series there are many literary and cultural allusions.

text: Each book of A Series of Unfortunate Events is longer than the previous one. It is unclear if this was intentional. A film adaptation of the first three books in the series was released on December 17, 2004, as Lemony Snicket's A Series of Unfortunate Events, which also had a video game adaptation of the same name based on it. Audio books have been released which included songs by The Gothic Archies, and a compilation album of the songs has also been released.

text: The children's novel series A Series of Unfortunate Events features a large cast of characters created by Lemony Snicket. The series follows the turbulent lives of the Baudelaire orphans after their parents, Bertrand and Beatrice, are killed in an arsonous structure fire. As such, many of the characters (including the series's primary antagonist, Count Olaf) are introduced as legal guardians to the Baudelaires until custody is either legally removed, voluntarily rescinded, or terminated by death. Numerous characters are also members of the secret organization V.F.D. or accomplices of Count Olaf. The series's protagonists, Violet, Klaus, and Sunny Baudelaire, are the talented and resourceful orphans of a wealthy family secretly involved in vigilantism. Although the children depend on the aid of their parents' estate executor Arthur Poe in the outset, they swiftly begin to rely on one another. The series's antagonist, Count Olaf, is a professional actor and former member of V.F.D. Along with the assistance of his theater troupe and his girlfriend Esmé Squalor, the count repeatedly attempts to embezzle the Baudelaires' inheritance, bringing about the serial slaughter and holocaust of a multitude of characters. Eventually the children are falsely accused in Count Olaf's murder, forcing them to run away and hide in the boondocks. As the Baudelaires' actions become less and less conventional, they are faced with the ethical paradox of becoming like Olaf in order to escape him. The series is narrated by Lemony Snicket (the nom de plume of Daniel Handler), who plays a major role in the plot himself. Although the series is given no distinct location in the English-speaking world, other real persons appear in the narrative as well, including the series's illustrator, Brett Helquist, and Daniel Handler himself.


document_title: Flavor of Love (season 2)

question_text: who wins season 2 of flavor of love

question_tokens: who wins season 2 of flavor of love

text: Flavor of Love (season 2)

text: Contestants[edit]

text:
Nickname
Real name
Eliminated

Deelishis
Chandra Davis
13 !Winner

New York
Tiffany Pollard[5][6]
11 !Runner-Up**

Krazy
Heather Crawford[7]
09 !Episode 9

Bootz
Larissa Hodge[8]
08 !Episode 8

Buckeey
Shay Johnson[9]
07 !Episode 7

Buckwild
Becky Johnston[8][10]
06 !Episode 6

Nibblz
Domenique Majors[11]
06 !Episode 6

Beatuful
Kelly Jay Jenkins
06 !Episode 6

Like Dat
Darra Boyd
05 !Episode 5

Toasteee
Jennifer Toof[12]
04 !Episode 4

Payshintz
Jasmine Dare
03 !Episode 3

Somethin
Tykeisha Thomas
03 !Episode 3

Tiger
Britney Morano[5][6]
03 !Episode 3

Spunkeey
Maria Dunbar
02 !Episode 2

Wire
Jesselynn Desmond[5][6]
02 !Episode 2

Bamma
Tarasha Lee
01 !Episode 1

Choclate
Ronnise Clark
01 !Episode 1

Hood
Yanay Yancy
01 !Episode 1

H-Town
Renee Austin[7]
01 !Episode 1

Saaphyri*
Saaphyri Windsor
01 !Episode 1

Eye'z
Bonnie Mercado
00 !Episode 1

text:
*Never received a nickname
**Entered Episode 6, Eliminated Episode 11

text: Elimination Order[edit]

text:
Flav's Call-Out Order

#
Naming
Episodes

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
11

1
Toasteee
Buckeey
Like Dat
Krazy
Krazy
Bootz
Deelishis
New York
New York
Deelishis
Deelishis

2
Buckeey
Buckwild
Krazy
Beatuful
Deelishis
Krazy
Bootz
Deelishis
Deelishis
New York
New York

3
Wire
Krazy
Deelishis
Like Dat
Buckeey
Buckeey
Buckeey
Bootz
Krazy
Krazy

4
Nibblz
Tiger
Toasteee
Toasteee
Beatuful
Buckwild
Buckwild
Krazy
Bootz

5
Somethin
Payshintz
Payshintz
Deelishis
Bootz
Deelishis
Krazy
Buckeey

6
Hood
Nibblz
Nibblz
Buckwild
Buckwild
Nibblz
Nibblz

7
Eye'z
Deelishis
Beatuful
Nibblz
Like Dat
Beatuful
Beatuful

8
Tiger
Wire
Buckwild
Buckeey
Nibblz
Like Dat
New York

9
Beautful
Like Dat
Buckeey
Bootz
Toasteee

10
Bootz
Bootz
Bootz
Payshintz

11
Like Dat
Toasteee
Tiger
Tiger

12
Choclate
Beatuful
Somethin
Somethin

13
Spunkeey
Somethin
Spunkeey

14
Payshintz
Spunkeey
Wire

15
Krazy
Bamma

16
Buckwild
Choclate

17
H-Town
H-Town

18
Bamma
Hood

19
Deelishis
Eye'z

20
Saaphyri
Saaphyri

text: Episodes[edit]

text: Somethin's Stinkin' in the House of Flav[edit]

text: First aired August 6, 2006

text: Twenty new contestants arrive at the mansion and discover that there were only fourteen beds. When H-Town and Saaphyri fight over a bed, Flav asked them what happened. After finding out who started the fight, Saaphyri is disqualified for physically assaulting H-Town. Flav revealed that he had a spy in his house; this turned out to be Eye'z. She told Flav that Bamma is too quiet, Somethin is crazy, Hood was sent to the show by her agent, Wire was on The Fifth Wheel, Tiger wasn't into Flav, Choclate didn't say much, and Toasteee drinks too much. Later, Somethin shared an intimate moment with Flav, and Spunkeey called her out on lesbian statements she made before. Somethin erupted and begins to scream; the producers added a demonic voice for humorous effect. After the five girls Hood, Bamma, H-Town, Choclate and Saaphyri were eliminated, the contestants discovered that Somethin had defecated on the floor during the elimination ceremony because she couldn't hold it in or go to the bathroom.

text: Eliminated: Hood, Bamma, H-town, Choclate, Saaphyri

text:
Hood: Agent sent her to be on the show.
Bamma: Flav said that he wasn't feeling her.
H-Town: Got into a fight with Saaphryi and told her to go to a doctor for her injuries.
Choclate: Flav claims that he wasn't feeling her.
Saaphryi: Got disqualified for assaulting H-Town over a bed.

text: Flav is Blind[edit]

text: First aired August 13, 2006

text: Flav challenges the remaining fourteen Flavorettes to a blind speed dating competition so he could get to know them without appearance being a factor. Things fell apart when Flav realized he couldn't eat something he couldn't see. The girls were each given ten minutes to leave a lasting impression on Flav as he stumbled from table to table. In the end, Flav chose Tiger, Like Dat, and Buckwild as the winners while indulging in a bucket of KFC.

text: In the morning, Buckeey commented on Like Dat's slovenly table manners. Later in the day, the three girls who won the speed dating competition accompanied Flav on a group date to the "gonzoleers" (gondolas) in the LBC. Flavor Flav tried to stick to the tradition of kissing all the girls as they passed under the bridges, however Tiger had no interest in kissing him. She claimed that she didn't like kissing him after other girls. Later that evening, Flav had a mixer, and all went well until Wire watched Buckeey and Flavor Flav kiss. She stood there until Flav asked her to go inside. She then played the piano very loudly and ruined Buckeey's date. Toasteee gave Flavor Flav advice on who he should eliminate, and he took this into consideration that night in the elimination ceremony. Wire and Spunkeey were both eliminated. Spunkeey cried hard when she was eliminated and was sad that he kept "the beauty queen over her" and the "girls who want to have sex with other girls". She also said "maybe I should've shit on your floor" as she hugged Flav goodbye.

text:
Challenge: blind speed dating competition
Challenge Winners: Tiger, Like Dat, Buckwild
Bottom Three: Somethin, Wire, Spunkeey
Eliminated: Wire, Spunkeey

text:
Spunkeey: Acted too fake around him.
Wire: Flav claims he wasn't feeling her.

text: She Works Hard for Her Honey[edit]

text: First aired August 20, 2006

text: Flav divides the girls into two groups. Buckwild, Krazy, Toasteee, Somethin, Bootz, and Deelishis have to work at one of Flav's favorite restaurants. Sumthin gets fired for not taking it seriously, and Bootz wins the challenge. The next day, the second group has to clean a disgusting house after a crazy party the night before. The group consists of Buckeey, Tiger, Payshintz, Nibblz, Beatuful and Like Dat. They find out they are cleaning hip-hop legend Warren G's house. While half of the girls are cleaning, back at the mansion Buckwild, Krazy and Deelishis watch as Bootz and Somethin are arguing. The winner is Nibblz, and she and Flav have a king and queen dinner. Bootz and Payshintz then start fighting. Many of the other girls joined in and started making racial comments, furthermore accusing her of not knowing who she or Flav is. Bootz tells Flav that Tiger, Somethin, and Payshintz should all go home. Flav takes this into consideration, and eliminates Tiger and Sumthin. He has a clock for Payshintz as well, but she chooses not to accept it because she couldn't take the drama with Bootz, and a few of the other girls anymore.

text:
Challenge: to work at one of Flav's favorite restaurants and Clean one of Flav's boy's house
Challenge Winner: Nibblz, Bootz
Bottom Three: Payshintz, Tiger, Somethin
Eliminated: Tiger, Somethin
Quit: Payshintz

text:
Somethin: Flav couldn't get over her defecating on the floor.
Tiger: Didn't make a connection with her.
Payshintz: Quit the competition because she can't take the drama with Bootz anymore.

text: Jelly on the Telly[edit]

text: First aired August 27, 2006

text: The episode begins on the night of the previous elimination, when Toasteee and Nibblz share Flav's bed that night. In the morning, Flav holds a hip-hop dance contest. The girls are divided into three teams of three each. Krazy, Nibblz, and Deelishis end up winning. Each girl gets a private date with Flav; that night, Krazy goes with him on a romantic candlelit dinner to KFC, Nibblz spends the next morning in his bedroom and has breakfast with him, and Deelishis goes with him to a strawberry field.

text: In the meantime, Toasteee tells the other girls that the night before, she heard noises and concluded that Nibblz was giving Flav a handjob. Nibblz retaliates by revealing to Flav that Toasteee apparently admitted that she has done pornography on the internet and in a magazine. Toasteee denies the allegations, so Flav does some internet research to see who's lying. Toasteee goes to Flav, letting him know that she's leaving because she can't handle the drama anymore. Flav tells Toasteee that if she leaves now, she's basically implying that Nibblz was right. Toasteee agrees to stay. In that evening's eliminations, Flav has both girls promise they're telling the truth. But right after that, Flav holds up a pornographic picture of Toasteee. Everyone is shocked by the evidence. Toasteee claims that it's not necessarily evidence against her as she leaves.

text:
Challenge: hip-hop dance contest
Challenge Winners: Krazy, Nibblz, Deelishis
Bottom two: Nibblz, Toasteee
Eliminated: Toastee

text: Toasteee: Lied to Flav about doing porn.

text: Famous Friends and Strangeness[edit]

text: First aired September 3, 2006

text: This episode starts with the girls finding out that they must throw a party for some of Flav's famous friends. Like Dat confronts Buckwild about her speech patterns, claiming that she is talking like she's black and that it isn't how she really talks, but Buckwild says that she's not a fake. Bootz, Like Dat, and Buckwild get into a fight about Buckeey and Deelishis not working hard. After all the fights, the girls are excited to find out who will be coming to the party. The special guests are Three 6 Mafia, Warren G, Don Magic Juan, DJ Quik, the Ying Yang Twins, and G-Unit. When the guests first arrive Bootz entertain them with her booty dancing, and Nibblz gives them lap dances. The Ying Yang Twins ask Bootz to dance in one of their videos and she declines because she didn't want to risk her relationship with Flav. During the party, Nibblz drinks too much liquor and is in the bathroom vomiting, resulting in Like Dat having to lay her down on her bed. Also, Three 6 Mafia asks Krazy to sing any of Flav's songs. She says she knows one of them, but she can't sing it. Bootz and Krazy have an argument about Krazy being real or not. Like Dat and Buckwild then get into the same argument again. Buckwild says that when she is around different races of people, her voice changes. She then wants to leave but Like Dat convinces her to stay. Flav spends time with Buckeey, Bootz, and Like Dat before elimination. However, Like Dat is sent home because Flav only sees her as a friend. The girls are then pissed to find out that another guest will be joining them tomorrow: Season 1's Tiffany "New York" Pollard.

text:
Challenge: to throw a party for some of flavs friends
Challenge winner: None
Eliminated: Like Dat

text: Like Dat: Only saw her as a friend.

text: Photo Shoot To The Death[edit]

text: First aired September 10, 2006

text: The episode begins the night, that Flav welcomes Season 1's Tiffany Pollard aka New York back to the house as a guest to help him decide about tomorrow night's eliminations for the seven remaining ladies. All the girls are pissed that New York returned to the house, because a lot of them don't like or get along with New York. Flav leaves the girls alone and New York asks the girls about each other and Bootz lets New York know that she doesn't like her and doesn't want her there and that she's just another bitch trying to steal her man. New York and Bootz get into an argument, where New York calls Bootz a "dreamer" meaning she's just dreaming of Flav being her man. The next day, the girls wake up and are told to go to a photoshoot for URB Magazine. New York is in charge of how the women look. New York is yelling at everybody because they were late and screams to them to come down stairs. New York gets into an argument with Bootz when Bootz is late coming downstairs for the evaluation. New York has rude things to say to all of them except Deelishis and Beautful.

text: The girls head to the photoshoot and New York is once again giving the girls nasty comments. After the photoshoot, Buckwild and New York get into a fight over Buckwild being "darker than what she is". Flav steps in and takes Buckwild's side. New York runs out crying and feels disrespected by Flav. Meanwhile, the girls are upset that New York is there and Krazy decides to call her out. The two fight because Krazy is saying that New York is not in control of elimination and New York went on top of the table and touched her on the head which lead Flav to come and stop it.

text: Flav then takes New York and asks her about each of the girls. She wonders if Buckwild is actually there to be in a romantic relationship with Flav. She feels that Buckeey lacks energy. Nibblz is filthy and too sexual. New York believes that both Bootz and Deelishis are there to be with him, while she believes that Krazy is there for the wrong reasons.

text: Back at the house, Krazy calls Deelishis out when Deelishis spreads the word that Krazy is fake to all of the girls back at the photoshoot.

text: At eliminations, New York states that Krazy, Beatuful and Nibblz should go home. Flav eliminates Beatuful because she is too laid back and Nibblz because she wouldn't fit with his children. Krazy gets her clock. Flav has a surprise and invites New York back as a full-time competitor. The girls are pissed and Buckwild returns her clock because New York returned and she was afraid she would violate her probation with New York there. Her urban style of speech that had been a point of contention earlier in the season disappeared during the elimination ceremony, making Flav and the other contestants certain that she had been faking it all along.

text:
Brought back: New York
Challenge: Photo shoot
Challenge winner: None
Bottom Three: Krazy, Beatuful, Nibblz
Eliminated: Beatuful, Nibblz
Quit: Buckwild

text:
Beatuful: Flav said she was too laid back.
Nibblz: Flav said she wasn't a good example for his kids and said that his kids won't be comfortable with their father being with a stripper.
Buckwild: Quit the competition because she didn't want to deal with New York.

text: Boxin' Each Other Out[edit]

text: First aired September 17, 2006

text: Five girls remaining: New York, Krazy, Bootz, Buckeey, and Deelishis. Flav instructs them to put pictures of the two girls they think most deserve elimination into a box. They choose Krazy and New York, and as a result, neither of them get dates that evening. They pick Krazy because they think she is fake. New York is picked because she came on the show later than the others, and they felt that she wouldn't be a good mom for Flav's children. Flav takes Buckeey on a date to a bowling alley and teaches her how to bowl. For his second date, Flav has a romantic evening with Bootz in the backyard. But Bootz tells Flav that she is going to wait until she gets married to have sex. Flav is shocked and upset by this. The next day, Deelishis is getting ready for her date when New York comes in and argues with her for saying that New York is fake.

text: Big Rick must come in to break up the fight. When New York leaves, she says that she just ruined Deelishis' date. However, Deelishis and Flav have a great time on an exotic camel ride date. Buckeey and Krazy then get into a dangerous fight when she hears Krazy talking bad about her, Bootz, and Deelishis to New York. Krazy supposedly pushes Buckeey, to which Buckeey responds by almost pushing Krazy off of the second-floor outside balcony. New York laughs and tries to break them apart. At the elimination ceremony, Buckeey is eliminated for almost killing Krazy. New York then states her plan, which is that Deelishis and Bootz will be her next "victims". She also says that Krazy thinks that they are friends, but New York is just using her to eliminate the other girls.

text:
Challenge: to put pictures of the two girls they think most deserve elimination into a box
Challenge winners: Buckeey, Bootz, Deelishis
Bottom two: Buckeey, Krazy
Eliminated: Buckeey

text: Buckeey: For assaulting Krazy by almost pushing her off the balcony.

text: Steppin' Out Flav Style[edit]

text: First aired September 24, 2006

text: With the four remaining women, the episode begins with Bootz and Deelishis still in their beds discussing their disdain for New York. Then all the girls go downstairs where Rick delivers the Flav-O-Gram which New York reads. Flav pairs Deelishis and Krazy for the first date to LBC. As usual New York becomes openly upset and goes upstairs. After she leaves Deelishis snidely says that New York is a "loony" and begins to read the Flav-O-Gram aloud again and discovers that New York said slicking where the Flav-O-Gram said slicing. Soon afterward Deelishis follows New York to the balcony where she is standing visibly upset that she hasn't had a date with Flav in four days. The conversation is short but almost escalates into a confrontation after Deelishis tells New York to redirect her hostility. After the discussion Krazy and Deelishis set off for their date with Flav. When they get there Flav greets them and the two climb aboard the yacht. Flav eventually makes out with Deelishis, which upsets Krazy. But soon Deelishis leaves Flav's side, seasick. Krazy and Flav speak intimately. After they get off the yacht Flav takes the girls to the RMS Queen Mary for accommodations where the girls prepare for dinner. During dinner Flav asks Krazy how she feels about him and what she feels they share in common. When she fails to answer appropriately, he asks her to sing. She says she would love a record deal, but doesn't have the money. Afterward he asks Deelishis how she feels about him. Deelishis declares her feelings for him, through tears. Flav decides to spend the night with Deelishis. Flav turns and bids farewell to Krazy but mistakenly calls her Deelishis. Deelishis and Flav retire to their room where eventually they fall asleep together.

text: The next day New York and Bootz meet Flav at a winery where a woman brings them three horses. Bootz gets on her horse up immediately but New York is hesitant and panics. Eventually all three of them go for a ride through the winery fields. They stop at a beautiful spread where they sip wine and Flav tells Bootz he is really feeling her. Naturally New York is angry. Tensions rise but soon all three wind up stomping grapes together. After they shower they leave the winery and go to the Pechanga Resort and Casino where Bootz and New York prepare for dinner. During the date all Flav's attention goes to Bootz. New York feels ignored and demands attention, then storms off. Flav gives chase and asks her to spend the night with him, which New York later reveals was her plan. Bootz and New York then argue over dinner. After dinner they leave for their room and New York reveals that she again had sex with Flav.

text: After the two dates they are all faced yet again with the elimination ceremony. The first clock goes to New York, the second goes to Deelishis and the third goes to Krazy, despite Flav's worries about her intentions, he feels that they have a strong connection. Flav then eliminates Bootz because she said she wouldn't have sex with him until she is married. But before she leaves, she gives him her phone number for him to call her when "he gets sick of those ho's".

text:
Bottom two: Krazy, Bootz
Eliminated: Bootz

text: Bootz: Flav felt that he couldn't be with someone who was waiting until marriage to have sex with and that her connection wasn't as strong as the connection that he had with Krazy

text: Family Flavors[edit]

text: First aired October 1, 2006 (3.99M viewers)[13]

text: Flav decides to have the three remaining girls' parents come over so he can get to know them. Hours before the remaining girls' parents arrive, everyone is cleaning and preparing rooms for the parents. Suddenly New York is bothering Deelishis because she believed that Deelishis intentionally took the room that New York chose her parents to stay in. Deelishis, unknowing of what New York is so upset about, has a brief confrontation with New York over who gets the room. Then Deelishis' parents arrive. Flav immediately likes Deelishis's parents. New York's parents arrive and as was shown from Season 1, New York's mother doesn't like Flav. This leads to a confrontation early on, and we discover that New York's mother will do anything to keep her daughter from being together with Flav, even fake a terminal illness. Flav then invites his six children and two grandchildren to the house to get their input on who would make a better stepmother. Later, he takes the women and their mothers over on separate dates: Deelishis and her parents go to a magic show and dinner; Krazy, her mother, and her grandmother go to the hair salon; and Flav orders an assortment of soul food for New York and her parents. That night during elimination, Flav eliminates Krazy because he suspects she is only on the show to further her singing career. At the end, he announces that Deelishis and New York will be going to Placencia, Belize the next day. The show ends with New York's mother yelling, insisting that New York is coming home right now. New York, however, does not leave the mansion.

text: Eliminated: Krazy

text: Krazy: Flav felt that she was only on the show to promote her singing career.

text: Oh No She Didn't![edit]

text: First aired October 8, 2006 (2.7M viewers) [14]

text: This episode shows highlights of the second season with unseen footage. The pivotal quote of perhaps the entire series took place during the unseen footage aired on this episode. New York's mother, Michelle, told Deelishis that her posterior was so large that she was capable of moving her bowels for an entire year. Deelishis had no comment. There was a scene where Flav was in a photo shoot with some girls from Flavor of Love Season 1. He said, "I'd throw all of y'alls in my crib, except Hottie."

text: Flav Belize In Love[edit]

text: First aired October 15, 2006

text: The episode begins where Episode 9 ended, when Flav announced the two remaining girls were going to Placencia, Belize. New York's mother knocks on Flav's door and informs him that she is going to get her daughter out of the mansion, but gets nothing more than a rise from Flav and New York. New York's mother then ends up leaving, but not before she tells Flav that he can't marry her daughter (to which Flav responds that if he asked New York, she would marry him).

text: The next day it's New York's turn, and she and Flav go on a small cruise liner. There is a misunderstanding between the two when New York makes remarks that suggest that she wants to take control of his life and money; Flav thinks New York is sounding like her mother. However, later New York apologizes for what she said, and decides to accept Flav's decision-making power. That night, Flav invites her to his hotel room for a nightcap. At first she declines, but later decides that she can't put up with the hurt going on inside, and eventually accepts.

text: The following night, amid a rainstorm, the two girls are invited to the dock where Flav makes his final decision. Flav talks about his feelings for the two girls, both what he likes and what he dislikes. In the end, Flav decides that Deelishis is the winner. New York, angry that she lost again, starts a vulgarity-laced outburst towards Flav, resulting in the two trading insults. After mooning Flav, she says that she no longer has feelings for him and will someday find "another man who is right for me". While storming off and sobbing uncontrollably, she says to the camera, "Do I look like I give a fuck cause I don't". She also says she wishes that one day she will find the man of her dreams. Flav gives Deelishis a shiny gold grill to match his, and he says he can't wait to meet Deelishis' daughter Jasmine (as he has a daughter with the same name).

text:
Winner: Deelishis
Runner up: New York

text: New York: Flav already had a strong connection with New York and said everything was going good until they were in Belize, spending time together on the boat and said that New York sounded "like her mother" and New York has jealous ways.

text: Reunion: After the Lovin'[edit]

text: First aired October 29, 2006

text: The twenty-one women from the second season reunite on stage. La La hosts once again. She introduces all the girls (with the exception of Deelishis and New York, who arrive later, and Eye'z and Payshintz, who did not show up). After this introduction, La La asks Saaphyri and H-Town to come up on stage and discuss the fight they had, after showing the tape of it. Saaphyri says H-Town threw flowers at her, meaning she couldn't do anything about it. Saaphyri later admits to having gone to anger management classes, in consideration of Flav saying she was too violent. She later says she got a certificate, which amuses everyone. Later, Goldie from the first season makes an appearance. She asks Krazy why she thought New York was her friend and says that Somethin is strong for dealing with what happened with her on the show. She also asks Bootz, Buckwild, and Like Dat to do their booty dancing again from the fourth episode. After entertaining the crowd, La La, and the girls, Flavor Flav appears. La La asks Krazy to come up on stage, and she asks if Krazy thought being on the show helped or hurt her career. She says "it helped us all in our own way." Next, Krazy sings for Flav and appears to have mostly negative receptions.

text: Then Flav asks Deelishis to come out. They state that they have been apart for four months so that no one would know the outcome of the show. La La asks what Nibblz thought of his decision. She says Deelishis was a great choice for him and she has a "fabulous ass". Deelishis' daughter Jasmine meets Flav for the first time, but this moment doesn't make it onto the final edit of the show.

text: After a few minutes, New York is brought out. Buckwild throws a shoe at New York, which narrowly misses New York's head. La La tells Buckwild to respect her, since she never disrespected anyone and that the shoe almost hit her. Then Saaphyri throws a red bull can at New York. New York, Buckwild, Buckeey, and Saaphyri can be heard confronting each other at a distance. After this warning, La La asks Bootz whether she still wanted to say anything to New York. Bootz and New York then exchange insults, and Bootz tells New York, 'Flav only brought you back to fuck you, 'cause he left your ass twice!" Bootz then runs backstage. But security grabs Bootz, then New York punches Bootz in the face and is screaming "come on bitch, come on bitch bring that shit" veral of the contestants attempt to intervene, and in the end Buckwild, Saaphyri, Buckeey, Bootz, and Deelishis were asked to leave. Deelishis and Saaphyri were later brought back before the reunion concluded. It was later revealed that New York would be featured on her own show, I Love New York, which premiered in January 2007.


document_title: Sleepy Hollow (season 4)

question_text: who plays the older molly in sleepy hollow

text: Sleepy Hollow (season 4)

text: Cast and characters[edit]

text: Main cast[edit]

text:
Tom Mison as Ichabod Crane
Janina Gavankar as Agent Diana Thomas[4][5]
Lyndie Greenwood as Jennifer "Jenny" Mills
Jerry MacKinnon as Jake Wells[6]
Rachel Melvin as Alex Norwood[6]
Oona Yaffe as Molly Thomas[6]
Jeremy Davies as Malcolm Dreyfuss[7]

text: Recurring cast[edit]

text:
Kamar de los Reyes as Jobe[8]
Robbie Kay as Logan MacDonald[9]
Seychelle Gabriel as Lara, an older incarnation of Molly from a dystopian future.

text: Guest cast[edit]

text:
John Noble as Henry Parrish / Jeremy Crane
Edwin Hodge as Benjamin Banneker
Jeremy Owens as the Headless Horseman
Griff Furst as Mr. Branson
James Kyson as Diana's boss
Alexander Ward as demon John Wilkes Booth / Sicarius Spei
Adrian Bond as John Wilkes Booth
John Zachary as Abraham Lincoln
Karen Coles as Mary Todd Lincoln
Mark Campbell as George Washington
Eric Joshua Davis as John André
Charmin Lee as Madame President
Onira Tarés as Grace Dixon
Marti Matulis as the Sphinx
Bill Heck as Mitch Thomas / the Barghest
Brent McGee as Captain William Bradford
Maggie Geha as a restaurant hostess

text: Episodes[edit]

text:
No.
overall
No. in
season
Title
Directed by
Written by
Original air date
Prod.
code
U.S. viewers
(millions)

50
1
"Columbia"
Russell Fine
Albert Kim
January 6, 2017 (2017-01-06)
4AWL01
2.19[10]

Several weeks after the death of Abbie Mills, Ichabod is held and questioned by a man about his past and is shown detailed pictures of his investigations and of Abbie. Ichabod distracts and knocks out the man, and discovers a reference to the Lincoln Memorial before escaping. Meanwhile, Homeland Security agent Diana Thomas and her partner Eric investigate the headless statue of Lincoln at the memorial, and Eric is attacked and killed by a demon, which nearly kills Diana as well before Ichabod chases it off. The two form a partnership and travel to "Agency 355", a division of the government that deals with paranormal threats. While there, Ichabod and Diana meet technician Alex Norwood and historian Jake Wells, and learn that the demon is from 1865, and was summoned by John Wilkes Booth, who used it to kill Lincoln. They learn that the demon is drawn to the American flag, and is weak against copper, which they use to set a trap. At the last second, Jenny shows up and destroys the demon, saving Jake's life.

51
2
"In Plain Sight"
Marc Roskin
Bryan Q. Miller
January 13, 2017 (2017-01-13)
4AWL02
2.14[11]

Ichabod experiences a prophetic dream where he's at the Archives, and encounters a young girl whom he describes as no more than ten or eleven years of age. When he awakens, he travels to The Vault to learn more about his dream. Malcolm Dreyfuss meets with the Dyer sisters, a coven of immortal witches, to exchange the dagger of Z'urn D'oragh for the Witches Stone. Malcolm reveals that Moll, the coven's leader, has lied to the others, who kill her in revenge before escaping into the city. Ichabod and Diana investigate Moll's death, and Ichabod tells Diana that the coven helped Washington expose John André, for which he rewarded them with a plot of land. Ichabod recognizes the picture of Molly on Diana's phone as the girl from his dream and tasks Jenny with investigating her. At Molly's school, Jenny steps in and stops two girls from bullying Molly before Ichabod and Diana arrive. Molly breaks her silence by greeting Ichabod. They track the Dyer sisters to their sanctum and discover an "infernal machine" that maintains their immortality, which Ichabod destroys. Ichabod and Jenny decide not to tell Diana that Molly is the next Witness.

52
3
"Heads of State"
Kellie Cyrus
M. Raven Metzner
January 20, 2017 (2017-01-20)
4AWL03
1.91[12]

While helping Ichabod look for an apartment, Jenny urges him to reveal Molly's secret to Diana. That evening, a mounted policeman stages an assassination attempt on the President, and turns out to be the Headless Horseman in disguise. While investigating the scene, the group discovers protective magic glyphs left by Benjamin Banneker, and Crane's clumsy attempt to explain how he knows this leads to Diana's discovery that he is a time traveler. Jenny discovers that a surviving collection of Banneker's papers is in Dreyfuss' hands, and Diana and Ichabod learn from him of the existence of "J Street", which Banneker designed as a trap for supernatural beings. After conversing with Jenny, in which she mentions the four white trees she saw as a child, Diana finds similar drawings in Molly's sketchbook. The group lures the Horseman into an isolated location, which they then seal off using the glyphs. Diana refuses to let Ichabod train her daughter to become a Witness, while Dreyfuss visits the Horseman and frees him in exchange for his assistance. While building some furniture, Ichabod is attacked by an unknown entity.

53
4
"The People v. Ichabod Crane"
Jim O'Hanlon
Sam Chalsen
January 27, 2017 (2017-01-27)
4AWL04
2.16[13]

After Ichabod fails to show up for a meeting with Diana, Jenny searches his apartment and finds traces of spider silk, which Jake identifies as belonging to the "Sicarius Spei", a demon identified by Benjamin Franklin in 1778, and capable of trapping its victims in an illusion of their greatest fears until they are driven to absolute despair. Ichabod finds himself on trial for the "murder" of Abigail Mills, with Henry acting as prosecutor. While searching for the demon's cave, Jenny is arrested for trespassing; Diana bails her out and the two find Crane wrapped in a cocoon. Unable to free him, they return to the Vault and conduct further research, learning from an account left by Grace Dixon that the same demon was responsible for the suffering Washington's forces endured at Valley Forge. Dixon also describes a flammable compound she invented to destroy the demon's webbing, and Jake and Alex go to retrieve torches, during which they witness Dreyfuss' bodyguard Jobe steal a map of ley lines. The demon shows Ichabod a vision of Molly and the others dying because of him, and while Jenny manages to kill the demon, he attempts suicide. Diana has Molly indirectly speak to Ichabod, freeing him from the illusion. Alex and Jake take a sample of the demon's webbing back to the Vault, where it forms an image of Henry's face.

54
5
"Blood from a Stone"
Marc Roskin
Theo Travers
February 3, 2017 (2017-02-03)
4AWL05
1.83[14]

Jobe takes another talisman from a crooked preacher, but it is subsequently stolen by a mysterious sorcerer. Crane and Diana go to question Dreyfuss about a missing persons case, while the sorcerer breaks in and locks down the building, revealing himself to be Ansel, Dreyfuss' late partner. While searching for him, Diana and Ichabod find canisters of Greek fire throughout the basement, realizing that Ansel intends to kill Malcolm and destroy the building. Ansel confronts Malcolm, where he explains that his power comes from the sigils he received during his imprisonment in Hell. Ichabod temporarily subdues him, and they lock themselves inside Malcolm's secret sub-basement. Jake finds an incantation that can disrupt the sigils in the works of John Dee, and Jenny finds a way to sneak into the building through the air vents. Malcolm explains that he sold his soul to Jobe in exchange for "the life he was meant to have", which included Ansel's downfall. Jenny enters the sub-basement and utters the incantation, stripping Ansel of his power and allowing Ichabod to kill him. Dreyfuss escapes with the artifact he's been assembling, which turns out to be the Philosopher's Stone, which can give him immortality. Jenny determines that Dreyfuss is headed to Sleepy Hollow, where the final piece of the Stone is hidden.

55
6
"Homecoming"
Jim O'Hanlon
Joe Webb
February 10, 2017 (2017-02-10)
4AWL06
2.00[15]

Dreyfuss revives Jobe to guide him to the final piece of the Talisman, while Ichabod and the others arrive in Sleepy Hollow. Jenny attempts to track the artifact, but encounters a high level of magical interference, forcing Ichabod to take the team to his old base in the Archives for maps. Diana and Ichabod find letters explaining how Washington tasked Banneker with dividing the Stone into four pieces, but not before asking him to use it for an unspecified purpose. Jenny and the others find the piece, but are attacked by a demon, which Ichabod identifies as a sphinx. Jenny, Jake, and Alex stage a distraction, while Ichabod and Diana access the crypt where the piece is kept and solve the riddle that empowers the sphinx, causing it to weaken and die when Jenny shoots it. Jobe ambushes Crane and transports him to the spot where he had died on the battlefield (back in 1781), where Dreyfuss reveals that Crane gained his immortality from the Stone, which Washington arranged to ensure that he would be able to defeat the Headless Horseman at the cost of his own life. Dreyfuss summons forth the Horseman in order to create an elixir of eternal life from his and Crane's blood. Jenny subdues Jobe, while the others set charges to destroy the Stone. However, Dreyfuss survives due to having consumed the elixir, and is now effectively immortal.

56
7
"Loco Parentis"
Russell Fine
Zoë Green
February 17, 2017 (2017-02-17)
4AWL07
1.82[16]

While visiting Arlington National Cemetery, a woman is killed by a ferocious creature. Jenny finds the damaged lantern holding Jobe and manages to bind him before he escapes. Molly asks Ichabod to explain what being a Witness means, but he refuses to discuss it without Diana. Molly's father, Mitch, returns home from Afghanistan, and he and Diana reconnect. While investigating the woman's death, Ichabod and Diana learn of two other deaths, with the first occurring outside Sleepy Hollow. Based on the evidence, they conclude that Dreyfuss has been transformed into a monster by the Stone. During a coffee date with Mitch, Diana receives a call that a fourth victim has been found who was killed before the Stone was destroyed, meaning Dreyfuss is not the monster. Ichabod informs Diana that the monster is the Barghest, a European wolf demon that inspired the villain in "Little Red Riding Hood". As the Barghest has the ability to shapeshift, she deduces that "Mitch" is an imposter and is targeting Molly because of her status as a Witness. A suspicious Molly ditches the Barghest, and Jenny releases Jobe in return for directions to find her. Using them, Ichabod and Diana kill the Barghest with feldspar bolts. Dreyfuss returns to his company showing signs of demonic corruption, and explains to Jobe that he intends to take the world "on the same path".

57
8
"Sick Burn"
Darnell Martin
Joey Falco
February 24, 2017 (2017-02-24)
4AWL08
1.78[17]

Dreyfuss experiences a vision of a world in which he has conquered the United States, with an elderly Ichabod as his prisoner. At an event for popular Internet star Logan McDonald, the star collapses from an unknown ailment after borrowing Molly's phone. At the hospital, another victim of the illness suddenly bursts into flames, confirming it to be supernatural in origin. Ichabod links the outbreak to a curse used by the British to burn Washington during the War of 1812. Alex soon reveals to Jake that she is infected as well. Fearing for the safety of the others, she flees into the catacombs. Jake and Ichabod are able to identify the distinctive symbol of the curse as belonging to a djinn, who uses it to lure victims to its lair and consume their souls. A team of agents led by Samuel Wilson managed to defeat the djinn with a powerful tempest, but only at the cost of Wilson's life. While conducting a ritual with Jenny, Molly has a prophecy of Crane being imprisoned. Jake takes the curse into himself, allowing him to find the djinn's lair. Diana injects Alex with a serum to cure her, and she and Ichabod kill the djinn by electrocuting it, breaking the curse. Dreyfuss informs Jobe that he is forming a "team" of his own, starting with McDonald.

58
9
"Child's Play"
Michael Goi
Francisca X. Hu
March 3, 2017 (2017-03-03)
4AWL09
1.88[18]

Diana learns from Molly's art teacher that her daughter has been struggling in class. To help, the team brings her to the Vault. Dreyfuss sees another vision of the future, one where Molly is his ally. While exploring the catacombs, a disturbance causes the Vault's automatic defense system to lock Ichabod and Molly in. Diana finds the teacher beaten half to death, and a piece of cloth from Molly's blanket. Diana reveals that when Molly was younger, she created an imaginary friend named "Mr. Stitch", which leads Ichabod to conclude that the attacker may be a golem. Alex and Wells find a video recording from a former agent of the Vault, warning them of the costs that come from a life of fighting evil. Mr. Stitch goes after Diana, but leaves to hibernate for the night. Using information recovered from the agent's home, the team sends Molly to deactivate the lockdown protocols. When she tries to find her own way out, however, she is intercepted by Dreyfuss. He explains that she's "special" to him before vanishing. Jenny conducts a ritual to destroy Mr. Stitch, saving Diana's life. Alex finds a hex in Molly's tablet, which she deduces to be the means by which Mr. Stitch was summoned. Dreyfuss shuts down his company and prepares to recruit a new member to his team.

59
10
"Insatiable"
Steven A. Adelson
Keely MacDonald
March 10, 2017 (2017-03-10)
4AWL10
1.74[19]

Dreyfuss invites Helen, the CFO of his former company, to a private retreat, where she is abducted by Jobe. At a party thrown by Ichabod, Alex finds herself uncomfortable with Wells's new girlfriend. Diana goes to her superior for a warrant to investigate Dreyfuss, but is refused. To distract the team, Jobe summons a demon that drives its victims to gluttony before they starve to death, including Diana's superior. Ichabod and Jenny identify the cause of the attacks as a Chinese puzzle box that can summon that particular kind of demon. They find the box in the building's basement, and Jenny is able to summon it back. Unfortunately, the resulting battle destroys the box, and the demon escapes into the city. Diana blames herself for the failure, but Ichabod finds an account left by a survivor of the Donner Party explaining how they used gold to defeat it. The team traps the demon in a ring of cars and expose it to a concentrate of gold, killing it. Jobe uses a pair of scales stolen from the Eisenhower Building to help prepare for a ritual to resurrect the Four Horsemen, using MacDonald and Helen as conduits, with the Headless Horseman as the third. Having realized this, the team recognizes that they alone have the power to stop him.

60
11
"The Way of the Gun"
Russell Fine
Bryan Q. Miller
March 17, 2017 (2017-03-17)
4AWL11
1.82[20]

Through an espionage operation established by Alex and Diana, the team is able to link Dreyfuss to the Arma Mutata, a splinter group of Masons fanatically obsessed with the apocalypse. A mysterious woman breaks into the Vault and steals a tome, overpowering Jenny in the process. Ichabod recalls a mission he undertook with Banneker to hide an unknown item, which he suspects to be a totem that can be used to channel the Horseman of War. At the site, they encounter Jobe, whom the woman is able to chase off. She is subsequently knocked out cold, and Ichabod recovers the totem. Calling herself Lara, the woman insists that the totem be destroyed. Dreyfuss captures Jake and Alex and interrogates them, while Lara ditches Ichabod and Diana. They are able to track her to an eternal flame, where Jobe and Dreyfuss steal the totem back. Lara admits that she is from the future, her real name is Molly, and that her mother is destined to become the fourth Horseman. However, Ichabod intervenes and takes the power for himself, assuming the mantle of War.

61
12
"Tomorrow"
Marc Roskin
Albert Kim
March 24, 2017 (2017-03-24)
4AWL12
1.96[21]

In the future, Jenny leads an underground resistance against Dreyfuss, which is crushed by Lara and the Horsemen, Lara believing that her mother died resisting Dreyfuss in a misguided rebellion, but witnesses her mother behind War's armour when it is damaged in the fight. After confronting Dreyfuss, she locates Crane—who she had long believed had been executed—and learns the truth about her mother. Using the Grand Grimoire, she sends herself back in time to prevent Dreyfuss's rise to power. Upon witnessing Crane becoming War, Diana and Lara flee and return to the Vault. Some of Crane's blood interacts with the dark webbing, allowing Parrish to resurrect himself, albeit much more kind-hearted than the original. He suggests that Katrina's decoupling ritual may be able to save Crane. Someone breaks into the Vault and steals a rare artifact, so Lara and Diana go to retrieve Katrina's books, while Jenny and the others determine that the stolen item is the Draugur Stone, which Jobe uses to revive the Horseman's Hessian followers and send them to attack Sleepy Hollow. Lara enters Crane's mind and convinces him to reject War's power. Using the last of his energy, Crane destroys the Hessians. Parrish meets with Jobe and Dreyfuss and agrees to take his father's place as the Horseman of War.

62
13
"Freedom"
Russell Fine
M. Raven Metzner
March 31, 2017 (2017-03-31)
4AWL13
1.72[22]

Ichabod and Parrish engage in a duel; the whole thing turns out to be a vision conducted by Jenny. Lara confides to Diana that since she cannot return to her own time, she wants to meet Molly once the war is over. Dreyfuss raises the Four Horsemen and has them take the President hostage, and Ichabod determines that the only way to kill him is to remove his immortality. Lara contacts Jobe, who sends her and Ichabod to meet his master Satan in Hell. Diana, Jenny, Alex, and Wells find hidden notes left by Banneker listing several powerful artifacts earmarked for battling supernatural threats, which they recover. Ichabod strikes a deal with Lucifer, receiving a new Philosopher's Stone. The team holds back the Horsemen while he and Diana go to confront Dreyfuss. Parrish, as War, attacks them, but Ichabod persuades him to withdraw from the battle. Diana shoots Dreyfuss, mortally wounding him due to the effects of the new Philosopher's Stone, and Jobe drags him to Hell citing that the former's contract has expired. The President reestablishes Agency 355, making Diana a full agent and granting Ichabod American citizenship. Lara decides not to meet Molly in favor of traveling the world. Ichabod reveals to Diana that he bargained his soul for the Stone, but is confident he will find a way to undo his deal.

text: Production[edit]

text: Casting[edit]

text: On July 22, 2016, it was announced that Janina Gavankar had joined the cast in a recurring role as Diana Thomas, Ichabod's new partner. Described as a single mom, and a former military officer who serves as a special agent for Homeland Security.[4] Also cast in a recurring role is former MasterChef Junior contestant Oona Yaffe, who plays Diana's ten-year-old daughter Molly Thomas.[6] Rachel Melvin joined the cast as Alex Norwood, her character has been described as a self-taught engineering prodigy who works alongside Jake Wells (Jerry MacKinnon) in the supernatural archives in Washington D.C.[6] Jeremy Davies joined the cast in a recurring role as villain Malcolm Dreyfuss, a billionaire tech mogul who aspires to conquer other worlds, described as a dark mirror to Ichabod Crane.[7] James Kyson joined the cast as Diana's boss.[23] During the show's New York Comic Con panel on October 9, 2016, it was revealed that John Noble will be returning this season as Henry Parrish / Jeremy Crane; however, it was not revealed on whether he will be recurring or guest-starring in this season.[24] On November 1, 2016, it was announced that Kamar de los Reyes will be starring in a recurring role this season.[8] Robbie Kay was cast in the role of Logan MacDonald on November 23, 2016.[9]

text: Due to the show changing its setting to Washington, D.C., it was announced that stars Lance Gross who played FBI Agent Daniel Reynolds, and Jessica Camacho who played FBI Agent Sophie Foster in Season 3 would not be returning. However, it was also teased that Camacho might make a few guest appearances in Season 4.[25]

text: Filming[edit]

text: Production on the fourth season began on August 15, 2016 in Atlanta, Georgia.[26] On October 11, 2016, it was reported that filming was taking place in the city of Lawrenceville, Georgia; pictures from the set of the show were also shared on social media.[27]

text: Reception[edit]

text: Ratings[edit]

text:
No. in
series
No. in
season
Title
Original air date
Time slot
(EST)
U.S.
Rating/share
(18–49)
Viewers
(millions)
DVR
(18–49)
DVR
viewers
(millions)
DVR
Total
(18–49)
Total
viewers
(millions)

50
1
"Columbia"
000000002017-01-06-0000January 6, 2017
Friday
9:00 p.m.
0.6/2[10]
2.19[10]
0.4
1.54
1.0
3.72[28]

51
2
"In Plain Sight"
000000002017-01-13-0000January 13, 2017
0.6/2[11]
2.14[11]
0.4
1.50
1.0
3.64[29]

52
3
"Heads of State"
000000002017-01-20-0000January 20, 2017
0.5/2[12]
1.91[12]
0.5
1.50
1.0
3.41[30]

53
4
"The People vs. Ichabod Crane"
000000002017-01-27-0000January 27, 2017
0.6/2[13]
2.16[13]
0.4
1.31
1.0
3.47[31]

54
5
"Blood from a Stone"
000000002017-02-03-0000February 3, 2017
0.5/2[14]
1.83[14]
0.4
1.44
0.9
3.26[32]

55
6
"Homecoming"
000000002017-02-10-0000February 10, 2017
0.5/2[15]
2.00[15]
0.5
1.42
1.0
3.42[33]

56
7
"Loco Parentis"
000000002017-02-17-0000February 17, 2017
0.5/2[16]
1.82[16]
0.4
1.44
0.9
3.26[34]

57
8
"Sick Burn"
000000002017-02-24-0000February 24, 2017
0.5/2[17]
1.78[17]
0.4
1.39
0.9
3.17[35]

58
9
"Child's Play"
000000002017-03-03-0000March 3, 2017
0.4/1[18]
1.88[18]
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A

59
10
"Insatiable"
000000002017-03-10-0000March 10, 2017
0.4/2[19]
1.74[19]
0.5
1.35
0.9
3.09[36]

60
11
"The Way of the Gun"
000000002017-03-17-0000March 17, 2017
0.4/1[20]
1.82[20]
0.4
1.19
0.8
3.00[37]

61
12
"Tomorrow"
000000002017-03-24-0000March 24, 2017
0.5/2[21]
1.96[21]
0.4
1.25
0.9
3.21[38]

62
13
"Freedom"
000000002017-03-31-0000March 31, 2017
0.5/2[22]
1.72[22]
N/A
1.21
N/A
2.93[39]