document_title: Narmada Bachao Andolan

question_text: who is known for her role in narmada bachao andolan

text: Narmada Bachao Andolan

text: History[edit]

text: Right after independence, under the newly formed government headed by Jawaharlal Nehru, investigations were carried out to evaluate mechanisms for using water from the Narmada River,[2] which flows into the Arabian Sea after passing through the states of Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat. The formation of the Narmada Water Disputes Tribunal was triggered by interstate differences in implementing schemes and sharing of water by the Government of India on 6 October 1969 to adjudicate over the disputes.[3] The tribunal investigated the matters referred to it and responded after more than 10 years. The Narmada Tribunal aimed to set out conditions regarding the resettlement and rehabilitation of those displaced by the dams.[4] On 12 December 1979, after ten years of investigation, the decision as given by the tribunal, with all the parties at dispute binding to it, was released by the Indian government.[3]

text: As per the tribunal's decision, 30 major, 135 medium, and 3000 small dams, were granted approval for construction, including raising the height of the Sardar Sarovar dam.[3] This decision was motivated by the assumption that it would provide water to around forty million people, irrigation, and electricity to people in the region.[5] Thus, the construction began.

text: In 1985, after hearing about the Sardar Sarovar dam, Medha Patkar and her colleagues visited the project site and noticed that project work being checked due to an order by the Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India. The reasons for this was cited as "non-fulfillment of basic environmental conditions and the lack of completion of crucial studies and plans".[6] The people who were going to be affected by the construction of the dam were given no information but the offer for rehabilitation.[7] Villagers weren't consulted and weren't asked for a feedback on the assessment that had taken place. Furthermore, the officials related to the project had not even checked the land records and updated them.[7] While World Bank, the financing agency for this project, came into the picture, Patkar approached the Ministry of Environment to seek clarifications. She realized, after seeking answers from the ministry, that the project was not sanctioned at all and wondered as to how funds were even sanctioned by the World Bank. After several studies, they realized that the officials had overlooked the post project problems.[8]

text: Through Patkar's channel of communication between the government and the residents, she provided critiques to the project authorities and the governments involved. At the same time, her group realized that all those displaced were given compensation only for the immediate standing crop and not for displacement and rehabilitation.[9]

text: As Patkar remained immersed in the Narmada struggle, she chose to quit her Ph.D. studies and focus entirely on the Narmada activity.[10] Thereafter, she organized a 36-day solidarity march among the neighboring states of the Narmada valley from Madhya Pradesh to the Sardar Sarovar dam site.[11] She said that the march was "a path symbolizing the long path of struggle (both immediate and long-term) that [they] really had".[12] The march was resisted by the police, who according to Patkar were "caning the marchers and arresting them and tearing the clothes off women activists".[12]

text: Within the focus of the NBA towards the stoppage of the Sardar Sarovar Dam, Patkar advised adding the World Bank to its propaganda.[10] Using the right to fasting, she undertook a 22-day fast that almost took her life.[13] Patkar's actions did force the World Bank to set up The Morse Commission, an independent review of the project.[14] Their report clearly stated that the Bank's policies on environment and resettlement were being violated by the project.[15] The World Bank's participation in these projects was canceled in 1993.[16] Before the World Bank could pull out, the Indian Government did.[14]

text: She undertook a similar fast in 1993 and resisted evacuation from the dam site.[13] In 1994, the Narmada Bachao Andolan office was attacked reportedly by a couple of political parties, and Patkar and other activists were physically assaulted and verbally abused.[17] In protest, a few NBA activists and she began a fast; 20 days later, they were arrested and forcibly fed intravenously.[17]

text: The Sardar Sarovar Dam's construction began again in 1999 after the construction was allowed and was declared finished in 2006. It was inaugurated in 2017 by Prime Minister Narendra Damodardas Modi. After construction in 2017, the height has been increased from 138 meters to 163 meters.[citation needed]

text: Formation[edit]

text: There were many groups such as Gujarat-based Narmada Asargrastha Samiti Madhya Pradesh-based Narmada Ghati Nav Nirman Samiti (Committee for a New Life in the Narmada Valley) and Maharashtra-Based Narmada Dharangrastha Samiti (Committee for Narmada Dam-Affected People) who either believed in the need for fair rehabilitation plans for the people or who vehemently opposed dam construction despite a resettlement policy.[18]

text: Narmada Bachao Andolan was also joined by several NGOs with local people, professionals, and activists as the founders with a non-violent approach.[18] It was led by Medha Patkar. Nationally, they wanted an alternative structure of development and internationally, they wanted to build pressure on the World Bank to take accountability.[19]

text: NBA's slogans include - Vikas Chahiye, Vinash Nahin! (Development wanted, not destruction) and "koi nahi hatega, bandh nahi banega!" (we won't move, the dam won't be constructed).[20]

text: Role of the World Bank[edit]

text: The World Bank began working on the Narmada Project after it got clearance from the Narmada Water Disputes Tribunal.[21] The bank sent a team for the assessment of the project in economic and technical terms.[21] This team didn't focus on the social or environmental issues.[22] What Jawaharlal Nehru thought of as temples of the independent India, i.e. the dams, have already displaced 11 million Indians.[22]

text: However, the Bank realised the harm that it had done by sanctioning the loan for the project and thus announced that the new projects should "ensure that, after a reasonable transition period, the displaced people regain at least their previous standard of living."[23] Despite this, the relocation process was flawed. Several tribal people have been harmed by the project. The Bank then adopted certain policies to ensure proper relocation of the tribal people and protect them from the forced relocation .[16] The Indian government, however, did not adopt these policies.[24]

text: In 1985, irrespective of the harm done by the Sardar Sarovar project, the World bank sanctioned a loan to the state governments for construction purposes.[25] The Bank did ask for a proper resettlement design but also said, "The argument in favour of the Sardar Sarovar Project is that the benefits are so large that they substantially outweigh the costs of the immediate human and environmental disruption."[16]

text: Medha Patkar and other protesters testified on the Bank's role in Washington D.C in 1989. This led to a build-up of pressure on the Bank to set an independent review to assess the situation at hand. A lot of support was withdrawn from the project after this.

text: The Morse Commission was established to look into the construction of the dam, and the environmental cost and human displacement in 1991.[26] For the first time, a Bank commissioned panel had complete access to the documents to form a report.[16] The 357 pages' report mentioned the lack of any environmental assessment undertaken either by the Indian Government or the World Bank.[16] In an internal referendum held, the Bank very closely voted for the continuation of the Narmada Dam Project.[16]

text: The Indian Government canceled the loan sanctioned by the World Bank on March 31, 1993.

text: People involved[edit]

text: Medha Patkar has been the guiding light of the movement. She has organized several fasts and satyagrahas. Patkar has also been to jail because of her desire to achieve right to life and livelihood for the suppressed people.

text: Another popular figure was Baba Amte, known for his work against leprosy. He published a booklet called Cry O Beloved Narmada in 1989 to protest against the construction of the dams.[27]

text: Amongst the major celebrities who have shown their support for Narmada Bachao Andolan are Booker Prize winner Arundhati Roy[28] and Aamir Khan.[29] It was also supported by music composer and bass guitarist in the band Indian Ocean, Rahul Ram, who was actively involved in the movement from 1990 to 1995. [30]

text: In 1994 was the launch of Narmada: A Valley Rises, by filmmaker Ali Kazimi.[31] It documents the five-week Sangharsh Yatra of 1991. The film went on to win several awards and is considered by many to be a classic on the issue. In 1996, veteran documentary filmmaker, Anand Patwardhan, made an award-winning documentary: A Narmada Diary.[32] Alok Agarwal, current member of the Aam Aadmi Party, is an active figure in the movement.

text: Bihar CM Nitish Kumar participated in rally organised by NBA on the bank of Narmada at Rajghat on 16th Sep 2016. Expressing solidarity with the Andolan Mr. Nitish Kumar said "I have come from Patna to extend support to the agitation on the side of river Narmada here".[33]

text: Supporting the NBA's main demand CM Nitish Kumar appealed to PM Mr Modi at Rajghat saying "Pradhan Mantri ji, don't close the gates of Sardar Sarovar Dam. Rehabilitate people not by giving cash, but giving them alternative land/employment. Don't make plans to drown 2.5 lakh people by closing the gates," he said in a statement released in Barwani.[34]

text: Decision[edit]

text: The court ruled for Andolan, effecting an immediate stoppage of work at the dam and directing the concerned states to complete the rehabilitation and replacement process.[35]

text: It deliberated on this issue further for several years and finally upheld the Tribunal Award and allowed the construction to proceed, subject to conditions. The court introduced a mechanism to monitor the progress of resettlement pari passu with the raising of the height of the dam through the Grievance Redressal Authorities (GRA) in each party state. The decision referred in this document, given in 2000 after 7 years of deliberations, has paved the way for completing the project to attain full envisaged benefits. The court's final line of the order states, "Every endeavour shall be made to see that the project is completed as expeditiously as possible".[36]

text: Subsequent to the verdict, Press Information Bureau (PIB) featured an article:

text: "The Narmada Bachao Andolaan (NBA)has rendered a yeoman's service to the country by creating a high-level of awareness about the environmental and rehabilitation and relief aspects of Sardar Sarovar and other projects on the Narmada. But, after the court verdict it is incumbent on it to adopt a new role. Instead of 'damning the dam' any longer, it could assume the role of vigilant observer to see that the resettlement work is as humane and painless as possible and that the environmental aspects are taken due care of."[37]

text: Aftermath and Criticism[edit]

text: Medha Patkar continues to fight for proper rehabilitation of the displaced people in Madhya Pradesh as well as the reception of the promised compensation by the Narmada Tribunal.[38] This movement has brought forth the different notions of development. The Indian government has often argued that the cost of displacements are outweighed by the benefit derived from the Narmada Project, and thus, justified its construction. NBA, on the other hand has argued no matter how large the benefits, the cost to the society cannot be fulfilled.

text: Critics argue that dam's benefits include provision of drinking water, power generation and irrigation facilities. However, it is believed that the campaign, led by the NBA activists, has held up the project's completion, and NBA supporters have attacked on local people who accepted compensation for moving.[39] Others have argued that the Narmada Dam protesters are little more than environmental extremists, who use pseudoscientific agitprop to scuttle the development of the region and that the dam will provide agricultural benefits to millions of poor in India.[40][41] There had also been instances of the NBA activists turning violent and attacking rehabilitation officer from Narmada Valley Development Authority (NVDA), which caused damage to the contractor's machinery.[42]

text: The NBA has been accused of lying under oath in court about land ownership in areas affected by the dam.[43] The Supreme Court has mulled perjury charges against the group.[44]


document_title: Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? (UK game show)

question_text: first millionaire on who wants to be a millionaire uk

root

text: Broadcast details[edit]

text: Originally broadcast on successive evenings for around ten days, the series later appeared weekly on ITV in a primetime slot on Saturday evenings, and also occasionally on Tuesday evenings. The episodes lasted for one hour (including adverts). The first contestant was Graham Elwell, who won £64,000.

tag: p

text: At its peak in 1999, the show pulled in up to 19 million viewers, often when it only had a half-hour timeslot, before declining to around 8 million viewers by 2003.[7]

text: In a list of the 100 Greatest British Television Programmes drawn up by the British Film Institute in 2000, voted for by industry professionals, Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? was placed 23rd.

text: Tarrant's catchphrases on the show include "Is that your final answer?", "But we don't want to give you that" (meaning that he would like the contestant to go on and win even more money), more recently at the end of the show, "But the cashpoint is now closed for tonight" or when a contestant is relieved, he sometimes says "Quite pleased, then?"

text: Variants on the format were screened from time to time as special episodes were produced, such as celebrities playing for charity, couples games (where both partners must agree on the answer), Mother's Day specials, etc.

text: Since April 2011, only celebrity contestants appeared on the show, in special live editions that coincided with holidays such as Christmas, Mother's Day, Remembrance Day, with the end of a school term, etc. The "Clock Format" is still used during live celebrity shows. However, during Series 29 in 2012, there were three The People Play specials that were broadcast live for three consecutive nights between 9 and 11 July. These specials featured non-celebrity contestants and allowed viewers to play along at home.[8] A fourth The People Play special aired on 7 May 2013 with a further two broadcast the following Tuesday nights with the last ever People's Play episode for the contestants on 21 May 2013.

text: Gameplay[edit]

text:
Payout structure

Question number
Question value

1998–2007
2007–14

1
£100
£500

2
£200
£1,000

3
£300
£2,000

4
£500
£5,000

5
£1,000
£10,000

6
£2,000
£20,000

7
£4,000
£50,000

8
£8,000
£75,000

9
£16,000
£150,000

10
£32,000
£250,000

11
£64,000
£500,000

12
£125,000
£1 Million

13
£250,000
N/A

14
£500,000

15
£1 Million

tag: table

text: Members of the public applied to appear on the show by calling a premium-rate telephone number or sending a premium-rate text message. Applications could also be made at the ITV website via a system of £1 "credits", as well as through a contestant casting audition. Such auditions were held at various locations around the UK. Contestants were chosen from the large number of applicants through a combination of random selection and the ability to answer test general knowledge questions.

text: Contestants answered a list of initially 15 (until 2007), and later just 12 increasingly difficult questions to win the top prize of £1 million. A contestant could choose to leave the game at any point and claim the prize for the last correctly answered question without penalty. From 2007, answering the second question correctly guaranteed that a contestant left with no less than £1,000 if they provided an incorrect answer to a later question, and answering the seventh question correctly increased the minimum payout to £50,000. A contestant who answered either the first or second question incorrectly left with nothing. The first, third and eight question were called "free" questions, the contestants could not lose anything if they provided an incorrect answer.

text: On the final part of each programme whilst a game was in progress, the "Out of time" signal (which usually consisted of one long blast of a chord played from brass instruments) was sounded, which was called the 'klaxon'. Most recently in the live specials, Chris told the viewers on the final part that the klaxon would sound the end of the game and the question would be null and void (the question would not count). If, however, a future live special was to be scheduled, then the contestant would return on the next programme.

text: Lifelines[edit]

text: Three lifelines were presented at the beginning of the game in order to aid contestants:

text:
50/50: Eliminated two random wrong answers, leaving the right answer but also whichever wrong answer was the most likely to be a tempting choice.
Phone a Friend: The contestant called one of their friends, who had provided their phone numbers in advance. The contestant had 30 seconds to read the question and four or two (if the contestant had already used their 50/50 option) possible answers to the friend, who then had the remaining time to offer help.
Ask the Audience: Audience members used touch pads to designate what they believed the correct answer to be. The percentage of the audience choosing each specific option was displayed to the contestant.
Flip/Switch (2002, 2003, 2010–14): This fourth additional lifeline was introduced in 2002, where the computer replaced, at the contestant's request, one question with another of the same monetary value. Any lifelines already used on the original question were not reinstated. It appeared as a 'Q' symbol or as two circling arrows.

tag: ul

text: 1998–2010 format[edit]

text: Prior to 2010, ten contestants competed against each other on each episode in the "Fastest Finger First" round in order to determine which contestant would play the main portion of the game. In the first series, players were to answer a four-choice question similar to those in the main game. However, this was later changed in Series Two, where a question and four answers were presented and each contestant ordered those answers in a specified order (e.g. ranking events chronologically, items in order of size etc.). The contestant who achieved the correct order in the fastest time moved to the second portion of the game. If that contestant chose to stop the game early or was eliminated following an incorrect answer, a new contestant was chosen in the same manner from the remaining nine contestants. If the question was missed, it was thrown out and a new question was played in the same manner.

text: Additionally, contestants were required to answer 15 questions to win the top prize. The minimum payouts were £1,000 for answering five questions correctly and £32,000 for answering ten questions.

text: 2010 clock format[edit]

text: The UK version adopted the US 'Clock Format' on 3 August 2010, still using the 12-question money tree and that the final 5 questions would not have a time limit (unlike the U.S. version), and using the original lifelines. Contestants also received a fourth lifeline; "Flip" or "Switch", upon completing question 7.

text: Contestants would have to answer the first seven questions within a specific time limit: 15 seconds for questions one and two, and 30 seconds for each question thereafter.[9] Questions 8-12 were not timed. If, during the first seven questions, the contestant ran out of time on a question, their winnings would drop back down to either nothing (on question 1 or 2) or the £1,000 milestone (if they passed that point), as if the question had been answered incorrectly. The clock was stopped when a contestant chose to use a lifeline on questions 1-7.

text: Text game (2004–2007)[edit]

text: On 23 October 2004 the show included a new feature called the "Walkaway Text Game". The competition was offered to viewers at home to play the text game where they had to answer the question, if a contestant decided to walk home with the cash prize they have got, by choosing the letters 'A, B, C or D' within 30 seconds to a specific mobile number. The viewer who answered the question won £1,000 by having their entries selected randomly.

text: On 9 September 2006, there were some changes. The competition stayed the same but this time, they played it before some commercial breaks. A question to which the contestant had given their final answer, but the correct answer had not yet been revealed, was offered as a competition to viewers. Entry was via SMS text message at a cost of £1 per entry, and the competition ran through the commercial break, after which the answer was revealed and the game continued. One viewer who answered the question correctly won £1,000. The text game ended on 28 July 2007.[10][11]

text: Top prize winners[edit]

text: Judith Keppel (20 November 2000)[edit]

text:
£1 million (15 of 15) – no time limit

Which King was married to Eleanor of Aquitaine?

• A: Henry I
• B: Henry II

• C: Richard I
• D: Henry V

Keppel's £1 million question

text: Judith Cynthia Aline Keppel (born 18 August 1942),[12] a cash-strapped garden designer at the time, was the first one-million-pound winner and only woman to have won the top prize on the United Kingdom version of the programme.

text: David Edwards (21 April 2001)[edit]

text:
£1 million (15 of 15) – no time limit

If you planted the seeds of Quercus robur, what would grow?

• A: Trees
• B: Flowers

• C: Vegetables
• D: Grain

Edwards's £1 million question

text: David Edwards (born 1947 in Barry, South Wales) is a former physics teacher at Cheadle High School and Denstone College in Staffordshire who became the first man to win the million pounds on the British Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? on 21 April 2001, and was only the second person to answer all 15 questions correctly, and hence win the prize, after Judith Keppel. He competed in both series of Are You an Egghead?, reaching the last 16 in 2008, and the final in 2009, where he lost to fellow Millionaire winner Pat Gibson.

text: His million pound question was "If you planted the seeds of Quercus robur, what would grow?" The options were Trees, Flowers, Vegetables and Grain. The correct answer was Trees. He had no lifelines for this question, having used all three on a previous question. The phone-a-friend he used was his son, Richard Edwards (who later won £125,000 on the show).

text: Charles Ingram (18 September 2001)[edit]

text:
£1 million (15 of 15) – no time limit

A number one followed by one hundred zeros is known by what name?

• A: Googol
• B: Megatron

• C: Gigabit
• D: Nanomole

Ingram's £1 million question

text: Charles Ingram (born 6 August 1963) is a former British Army major who made headlines in Britain after cheating in the game show Who Wants To Be A Millionaire? in 2001. He was convicted of deception in 2003, and was given an 18-month suspended sentence, although he maintains that he did not cheat.

text: The ITV programme was produced by Celador at Elstree Studios, Borehamwood, Hertfordshire. After winning £1,000,000, the payout was suspended when Ingram was accused of cheating by having his wife, Diana, and an accomplice, Tecwen Whittock, cough as Ingram announced the correct answer from the available choices. Following a trial at Southwark Crown Court lasting four weeks (including jury deliberation for three-and-a-half days), which ended soon after a jury member was evicted for discussing the case in public, Charles and Diana Ingram and Whittock were convicted by a majority verdict of the crime of "procuring the execution of a valuable security by deception" on 7 April 2003, and all three received suspended prison sentences; in addition, Ingram was stripped of his winnings.

text: Robert Brydges (29 September 2001)[edit]

text:
£1 million (15 of 15) – no time limit

Which scientific unit is named after an Italian nobleman?

• A: Pascal
• B: Ohm

• C: Volt
• D: Hertz

Brydges's £1 million question

text: Robert Kempe Brydges[13] is an Oxford-educated banker from Holland Park, London.[14] He was previously a director of GNI Fund Management, an investment brokers' firm, earning £300,000 a year and held the position of vice-president of US bank Hanover Trust.[15]

text: On 29 September 2001, Brydges won £1 million,[16] becoming the fourth person to answer the final question correctly.[17][18] His appearance in the show fuelled controversy because of his wealth prior to participation (see below).

text: Pat Gibson (24 April 2004)[edit]

text:
£1 million (15 of 15) – no time limit

Which of these is not one of the American Triple Crown horse races?

• A: Arlington Million
• B: Belmont Stakes

• C: Kentucky Derby
• D: Preakness Stakes

Gibson's £1 million question

text: Pat Gibson (born 19 July 1961 Galway, Ireland) is an Irish quiz player. He is a multiple world champion in quizzing and one of the world's most successful quiz players. He is has won several quiz shows and is a panellist on Eggheads. He was born and educated in Ireland but has lived in the United Kingdom for many years.

text: On 24 April 2004 he became the fourth contestant to win the £1m jackpot on the quiz show Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?. On the question he still had his 50:50 and phone a friend. He used the 50:50 first, where B. Belmont Stakes and D. Preakness Stakes disappeared. He then used his phone-a-friend option, phoning Mark Kerr (a highly ranked British quiz player and winner of TV's "Brainiest Estate Agent" title) who said he was 90% sure the answer was Arlington Million, which was Gibson's original instinct. He was the only person in the United Kingdom to reach the one million pound question with two lifelines remaining. He used his Ask-the-Audience on the £64,000 question, and kept 50:50 and phone a friend back until the final question. Gibson correctly answered 'Arlington Million' to win £1 million.

text: Ingram Wilcox (23 September 2006)[edit]

text:
£1 million (15 of 15) – no time limit

Which boxer was famous for striking the gong in the introduction to J. Arthur Rank films?

• A: Bombardier Billy Wells
• B: Freddie Mills

• C: Terry Spinks
• D: Don Cockell

Wilcox's £1 million question

text: Ingram Wilcox (born 1944) is a British quiz enthusiast who is best known for becoming the fifth and final person to win one million pounds on Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? in the United Kingdom on 23 September 2006. When he reached the million-pound question, he had already used up all his lifelines. In two previous appearances he reached the "fastest finger first" stage but did not get through. His final question was "Which boxer was famous for striking the gong in the introduction to J. Arthur Rank films?" He correctly chose Bombardier Billy Wells to win the prize.[19]

text: Controversies[edit]

text: Incorrect answer to question accepted[edit]

text: In March 1999 contestant Tony Kennedy was asked "Theoretically, what is the minimum number of strokes with which a tennis player can win a set?", with possible answers of 12, 24, 36, and 48. He calculated that a player would need four shots to win a game, with six games in a set, giving an answer of 24. This won him the £64,000 question.

text: The Daily Mirror newspaper reported the next day, with the pun headline 'Fault!', that a player could win a game without playing a shot if their opponent double-faulted on every serve. This would allow a winning set in 12 strokes, assuming the player aced each of his or her own serves. The programme acknowledged the mistake and apologised for it, but Kennedy was allowed to keep his prize money (an eventual £125,000).[20]

text: One Foot in the Grave[edit]

text: The broadcast of Judith Keppel's victory as the first jackpot winner on the UK version of Millionaire coincided with the transmission of the final episode of the BBC sitcom One Foot in the Grave.[21] The news of Keppel's win, recorded the preceding Sunday, was leaked to the press; ITV announced Keppel's success at a press conference on the day of broadcast. David Renwick, writer of One Foot was annoyed that this would take audience interest away from the sitcom. He said that the early announcement of the outcome of Millionaire was "naked opportunism", and it "would have been more honorable to let the show go out in the normal way". He pointed out that they also "killed off any element of tension or surprise in their own programme", but "television is all about ratings".[21]

text: It was alleged that Millionaire's production company Celador had rigged the show to spoil the BBC's expected high ratings for the sitcom's finale. Richard Wilson in particular was quoted as saying that ITV had "planned" the win, adding "it seems a bit unfair to take the audience away from Victor's last moments on earth."[22] Richard Webber's account, in his 2006 book, cites "unnamed BBC sources" as those who "questioned the authenticity of Keppel's victory".[21] ITV was upset at the allegation, claiming that it "undermined viewers' faith in the programme." Leslie Hill, the chairman of ITV, wrote to Sir Christopher Bland, the chairman of the Board of Governors of the BBC, to complain about the issue. The corporation apologised, saying that any suggestion of 'rigging' "did not represent the official view of the BBC."[23] Eleven viewers complained about the quiz show to the Independent Television Commission (ITC), but Millionaire was cleared of any wrongdoing.[24][25][26]

text: Ambiguous question[edit]

text: On a special Valentine's Day celebrity edition of the show in 2006, which aired 11 February, Laurence Llewelyn-Bowen and Jackie Llewelyn-Bowen reached the £1,000,000 question, which was "Translated from the Latin, what is the motto of the United States?" The Bowens chose answer A, "In God, We Trust", but the correct answer intended was actually answer B, "One Out of Many" which is the English translation for the Latin E pluribus unum. Because they answered the £1,000,000 question incorrectly, they lost £468,000. However, the question turned out to be ambiguous, as "In God, We Trust" is the legal motto for the United States; the phrase is found on many American coins, though it is not of Latin origin. Because of this, they were invited back to play again, reinstating their previously lost £468,000 to bring them back up to £500,000. The contestants decided not to risk it this time and left with the £500,000 for their chosen charities.[27]

text: No other contestant had ever lost £468,000; the most money ever lost was £218,000, which occurred only twice: Duncan Bickley lost in October 2000 and Rob Mitchell in October 2003.

text: Charles Ingram affair[edit]

text: In an episode of the show recorded on 9 and 10 September 2001, Charles Ingram won the £1 million prize. During the recording it was noticed that a suspicious pattern of coughing could be heard. Ingram's unusual behaviour in the hot seat also drew attention. Analysed, it was believed that another contestant, Tecwen Whittock, sitting behind him, was offering him prompts in the form of coughs, indicating the correct answers. On some of the questions, Ingram read aloud all of the four answers, until a significant cough was heard, before choosing his answer. In some cases, he dismissed an answer, read aloud the answer choices again, and then picked the answer that he had earlier dismissed. It also appeared on the tapes that after Ingram repeated a particular incorrect answer several times believing it to be correct, Whittock coughed and then loudly whispered 'No!'

text: After Ingram won the million, Whittock won the next Fastest Finger game and so took to the hotseat. He reached the £4,000 mark, but dropped back to £1,000 after answering a cookery question incorrectly.

text: The Prosecution suggested that Ingram's wife, Diana (who had won £32,000 on a previous show, as had her brother), had organised the scam. Pager telephone records revealed what appeared to be a practice session for another plan to cheat the system that was not subsequently carried out. The Prosecution claimed that the original plan was for Ingram to hide four pagers on his body that would vibrate when an accomplice called the pager indicating the correct answer. It would seem that during one of Diana's questions, an audible cough could be heard after Tarrant had read out all the questions to her, with the cough landing at the end of the correct answer.

text: Following a trial at Southwark Crown Court lasting four weeks, Ingram, his wife Diana, and Whittock were convicted of "procuring the execution of a valuable security by deception" on 7 April 2003. Ingram and his wife were each given suspended 18-month prison sentences and fined £15,000, while Whittock received a 12-month suspended sentence and was fined £10,000. Together with legal costs, the Ingrams had to pay £115,000, in addition to not receiving his £1,000,000.

text: Despite the conviction, the Ingrams and Whittock continue to deny that they colluded or acted dishonestly. They appealed against the conviction. An ITV documentary entitled Millionaire: A Major Fraud, presented by Martin Bashir, was broadcast in Britain on 21 April 2003 with a follow-up two weeks later, Millionaire: The Final Answer.[28] Excerpts from the recording were broadcast but with enhanced audio highlighting the coughs emanating, the Prosecution alleged, from Whittock. Immediately after Major Fraud, the uncut recording, but again with enhanced audio, was broadcast on ITV2. Major Fraud included additional video recorded during the programme of Mrs. Ingram sitting in the audience and apparently prompting Major Ingram with her own coughing and making glances in the direction of Whittock. Major Fraud also contained interviews with production staff and some contestants present at the recording describing how they felt that something unusual had been happening. The defendants declined to be interviewed for the programme. Ingram described Major Fraud and the programme broadcast on ITV2 as "one of the greatest TV editing con tricks in history".

text: On 24 July 2003, the British Army ordered Charles Ingram to resign his commission as a Major.

text: James Plaskett has argued in favour of the innocence of Ingram, his wife, and Whittock.[29] Plaskett's essay led to journalist Bob Woffinden, who had a long-time interest in miscarriages of justice, publishing a two-page article in the 9 October 2004 edition of the British newspaper the Daily Mail entitled 'Is the Coughing Major Innocent?' Jon Ronson, who attended the trial and had written two articles about it in The Guardian, wrote a piece about Plaskett's theory entitled 'Are the Millionaire three innocent?'[30] In 2015 Woffinden and Plaskett published a book entitled Bad Show: The Quiz, the Cough, the Millionaire Major, arguing that Ingram's appearance on the show coinciding with Whittock's was "chance".[31]

text: Plaskett may also be heard at Episode 29 of The Pod Delusion podcast[32] being interviewed by political blogger, Mark Thompson, who was himself led by Plaskett's essay to take an interest in the case of The Millionaire Three. In January 2006, Plaskett himself made it into the hot seat and won £250,000. He subsequently sponsored Ingram for £25,000 to run the 2006 Flora London Marathon for the charity SENSE.

text: Robert Brydges affair[edit]

text: The participation of Robert Brydges raised the ire of Brydges's neighbour, Sarah Elliott, who said "Bob is loaded. When I found out he was going on the show I knew he would win. He's as sharp as a razor and has no problem under pressure. But gambling on the tricky questions must be a lot easier when you're already worth millions. I suppose £16,000 must seem like loose change to him."[15] Elliott's grandmother was less kind, saying "It is so unfair that someone like Robert should be allowed on the show. That family certainly does not need the money. It won't make any difference to them because they're filthy rich and live like millionaires anyway".[16] In addition, the show has been called elitist: presenter Eamonn Holmes suggested live on GMTV that only millionaires or minor royals had a chance of winning the prize.[33] A spokesman for Celador responded "Everybody has an equal chance to get on. It is impossible for us to check how much money people already have when they get on the show. We'd love a penniless binman as our next winner, but it never happens."[15]

text: Phone-a-Friend[edit]

text: The Phone-a-Friend lifeline provided multiple instances of controversy during the show's run. A 2002 edition of the Daily Mail reported that many contestants had selected strangers who were "contacts among the quizzing fraternity"[34] to act as their Phone-a-Friends. Specifically, game show champion Daphne Fowler was approached by a man she had not previously met and asked if she would be his lifeline in exchange for £200. Fowler refused, adding: "I thought a fair price would be a quarter of whatever the man won, so if I helped him get from £32,000 to £64,000 I would expect to get £16,000."[35] The man was later revealed by ITV sources not to have made it onto the programme.[35]

text: In March 2007 various UK newspapers reported that an organised syndicate had been getting quiz enthusiasts onto the show in return for a percentage of their winnings. The person behind the syndicate was Keith Burgess from Northern Ireland. Burgess admitted to helping around 200 contestants to appear on the show since 1999; he estimates those contestants to have won around £5,000,000. The show producers are believed to have been aware of this operation, with Burgess stating: "The show knows about me and these types of syndicates, but they cover it up to keep the show going."[36][37] An earlier version of a Phone a Friend syndicate was reported in the Northampton Chronicle and Echo during 2003.[38] Paul Smith, the Managing Director of Celador Productions, stated: "We are aware of Paddy Spooner and what people similar to him are doing, and we have made a priority of changing our question procedure. We are confident we have now made it impossible for anyone to manipulate the system."[38] Since then, the options of people that can be called have a picture of themselves shown on-air.

text: Series overview[edit]

text: The show aired from 1998 to 2014 on ITV. Over this time, 30 series and 592 episodes were aired in total.

text:
Series
Start date
End date
Episodes

1
4 September 1998
25 December 1998
11

2
1 January 1999
13 January 1999
13

3
5 March 1999
16 March 1999
12

4
3 September 1999
14 September 1999
13

5
5 November 1999
26 December 1999
18

6
16 January 2000
22 January 2000
7

7
26 March 2000
1 May 2000
13

8
7 September 2000
6 January 2001
55

9
8 January 2001
26 April 2001
45

10
4 September 2001
29 December 2001
43

11
5 January 2002
9 April 2002
55

12
31 August 2002
28 December 2002
19

13
4 January 2003
31 May 2003
21

14
30 August 2003
27 December 2003
21

15
3 January 2004
5 June 2004
23

16
18 September 2004
25 December 2004
16

17
1 January 2005
11 June 2005
24

18
17 September 2005
31 December 2005
11

19
7 January 2006
8 July 2006
27

20
9 September 2006
6 January 2007
13

21
10 March 2007
28 July 2007
17

22
18 August 2007
30 October 2007
11

23
1 January 2008
3 June 2008
19

24
16 August 2008
31 January 2009
18

25
13 June 2009
20 December 2009
20

26
13 April 2010
8 June 2010
8

27
3 August 2010
23 December 2010
11

28
2 April 2011
19 December 2011
6

29
3 January 2012
20 December 2012
11

30
1 January 2013
11 February 2014
11


document_title: Depression (geology)

question_text: this type of depression is created by wind erosion

text: Depression (geology)

text: A depression in geology is a landform sunken or depressed below the surrounding area. Depressions form by various mechanisms.

text: Erosion-related:

text:
Blowout: a depression created by wind erosion typically in either a partially vegetated sand dune ecosystem or dry soils (such as a post-glacial loess environment).[1]
Glacial valley: a depression carved by erosion by a glacier.
River valley: a depression carved by fluvial erosion by a river.
Area of subsidence caused by the collapse of an underlying structure such as sinkholes in karst terrain.
Sink: an endorheic depression generally containing a persistent or intermittent (seasonal) lake, a salt flat (playa) or dry lake, or an ephemeral lake.

text: Collapse-related:

text:
Sinkhole: a depression formed as a result of the collapse of rocks lying above a hollow. This is common in karst regions.
Kettle: a shallow, sediment-filled body of water formed by melting glacial remnants in terminal moraines.[2]
Thermokarst hollow: caused by volume loss of the ground as the result of permafrost thawing.

text: Impact-related:

text: Impact crater: a depression created by an impact such as a meteorite crater.

text: Sedimentary-related:

text: Sedimentary basin: in sedimentology, an area thickly filled with sediment[1] in which the weight of the sediment further depresses the floor of the basin.

text: Structural or tectonic-related:

text:
Structural basin: a syncline-like depression; a region of tectonic downwarping as a result of isostasy (the Hawaiian Trough is an example) or subduction (such as the Chilean Central Valley).
Graben or rift valley: fallen and typically linear depressions or basins created by rifting in a region under tensional tectonic forces.
Pull-apart basin caused by offset in a strike slip or transform fault (example: the Dead Sea area).
Oceanic trench: a deep linear depression on the ocean floor. Oceanic trenches are caused by subduction (when one tectonic plate is pushed underneath another) of oceanic crust beneath either oceanic crust or continental crust.
A basin formed by an ice sheet: an area depressed by the weight of the ice sheet resulting in post-glacial rebound after the ice melts (the area adjacent to the ice sheet may be pulled down to create a peripheral depression.)[3]

text: Volcanism-related:

text:
Caldera: a volcanic depression resulting from collapse following a volcanic eruption.[4]
Pit crater: a volcanic depression smaller than a caldera formed by a sinking, or caving in, of the ground surface lying over a void.
Maar: a depression resulting from phreatomagmatic eruption or diatreme explosion.


document_title: Dido and Aeneas

question_text: who conspired to break up dido and aeneas

text: Dido and Aeneas

text: Background and context[edit]

text: Before Dido and Aeneas, Purcell had composed music for several stage works, including nine pieces for Nathaniel Lee's Theodosius, or The Force of Love (1680) and eight songs for Thomas d'Urfey's A Fool's Preferment (1688). He also composed songs for two plays by Nahum Tate (later the librettist of Dido and Aeneas), The Sicilian Usurper (1680) and Cuckold-Haven (1685). Dido and Aeneas was Purcell's first (and only) all-sung opera and derives from the English masque tradition.

text: Libretto[edit]

text: Originally based on Nahum Tate's play Brutus of Alba, or The Enchanted Lovers (1678), the opera is likely, at least to some extent, to be allegorical. The prologue refers to the joy of a marriage between two monarchs, which could refer to the marriage between William and Mary. In a poem of about 1686, Tate alluded to James II as Aeneas, who is misled by the evil machinations of the Sorceress and her witches (representing Roman Catholicism, a common metaphor at the time) into abandoning Dido, who symbolises the British people. The same symbolism may apply to the opera.[6] This explains the addition of the characters of the Sorceress and the witches, which do not appear in the original Aeneid. It would be noble, or at least acceptable, for Aeneas to follow the decree of the Gods, but not so acceptable for him to be tricked by ill-meaning spirits.

text: Although the opera is a tragedy, there are numerous seemingly lighter scenes, such as the First Sailor's song, "Take a boozy short leave of your nymphs on the shore, and silence their mourning with vows of returning, though never intending to visit them more." Musicologist Ellen T. Harris considers the callousness and cynicism of the song to underline the "moral" of the story, that young women should not succumb to the advances and promises of ardent young men.[7]

text: Score[edit]

text: No score in Purcell's hand is extant, and the only seventeenth-century source is a libretto, possibly from the original performance. The earliest extant score, held in the Bodleian Library, was copied no earlier than 1750, well over sixty years after the opera was composed.[8] No later sources follow the act divisions of the libretto, and the music to the prologue is lost. The prologue, the end of the act 2 'Grove' scene, and several dances, were almost certainly lost when the opera was divided into parts to be performed as interludes between the acts of spoken plays in the first decade of the eighteenth century.[9]

text: The first of the arias to be published separately was "Ah, Belinda" in Orpheus Britannicus.[6] The most famous aria of the work is "When I am laid in earth", popularly known as "Dido's Lament". Both arias are formed on a lamento ground bass. "Dido's Lament" has been performed or recorded by artists far from the typical operatic school, such as Klaus Nomi (as "Death"), Ane Brun and Jeff Buckley. It has also been transcribed or used in many scores, including the soundtrack to the HBO miniseries Band of Brothers (renamed "Nixon's Walk"). It is played annually by a military band at the Cenotaph remembrance ceremony, which takes place on the Sunday nearest to 11 November (Armistice Day) in London's Whitehall. The music is thought by some to be too simple for Purcell in 1689, but this may simply reflect that the intended performers were schoolchildren.[6] The work is scored for four-part strings and continuo. The fact that the libretto from the Chelsea School performance indicates two dances for guitar, the "Dance Gittars Chacony" in act 1, and the "Gittar Ground a Dance" in the 'Grove' scene of act 2, has led one scholar to suggest that Purcell envisioned a guitar as a primary member of the continuo group for the opera.[10] Music for neither of these dances is extant, and it seems likely that Purcell did not compose them, but rather left them to be improvised by the guitarist.[11] Several editions of the opera have been made and have been provided with a continuo realisation; a notable, if rather idiosyncratic edition being that made by Imogen Holst and Benjamin Britten. There are a number of editions with realisations, and the opera's accessibility to amateur performers is a feature that has greatly abetted the growth of its popularity in the latter half of the twentieth century.[12] While the Prologue's music has been lost and has not been reconstructed, several realisations of the opera include a solution to the missing ritornello at the end of the second act. Known to have been part of the score, it is now performed as a dance taken from other, similar works by Purcell, or invented outright in the same vein, to keep the integrity and continuity of the performance.

text: Performance history[edit]

text: Premiere and early revivals[edit]

text: A letter from the Levant merchant Rowland Sherman associates Dido and Aeneas with Josias Priest's girls' school in Chelsea, London no later than the summer of 1688.[13] The first performance may have taken place as early as 1 December 1687,[14] and evidence suggests that the opera was performed at the school again in 1689.[3] Several scholars have argued that the work was composed for the English court, either for Charles II (and perhaps as early as 1684)[4][5] or for James II.[15] Following the Chelsea performances, the opera was not staged again in Purcell's lifetime. Its next performance was in 1700 as a masque incorporated into an adapted version of Shakespeare's Measure for Measure at Thomas Betterton's theatre in London.

text: After 1705 it disappeared as a staged work, with only sporadic concert performances, until 1895 when the first staged version in modern times was performed by students of the Royal College of Music at London's Lyceum Theatre to mark the bicentenary of Purcell's death.[16] Dido and Aeneas received its first performance outside England on 14 December 1895 in a concert version at the University Society in Dublin.

text: 20th- and 21st-century performances[edit]

text: Dido and Aeneas premiered in the United States at the Plaza Hotel in New York City on 10 February 1923 performed by the girls of the Rosemary School, although The New York Times noted that "considerable liberties" had been taken with the score.[17] A concert version with professional musicians organised by the Society of Friends of Music took place on 13 January 1924 at the New York City Town Hall, using a score edited by Artur Bodanzky, who also conducted the performance.[18]

text: As new critical editions of the score appeared, and with the revival of interest in Baroque music, the number of productions steadily increased. After Jonathan Miller's visit to Bornholm, Denmark, Dido was performed in 2008 at the Rønne Theatre (which had been built in 1823). Devin Duggan conducted. Amongst the new productions of the opera in 2009 (the 350th anniversary of Purcell's birth) were those staged by the De Nederlandse Opera, the Royal Opera, London, the Divertimento Baroque Opera Company, and Glimmerglass Opera in Cooperstown, New York. The Royal Opera production, which featured contemporary dance by Wayne McGregor Random Dance and animated effects by Mark Hatchard, formed part of a double bill with Handel's Acis and Galatea.[19] In 2011 the opera was revived by City Wall Productions and set during World War II.[20] A new Opera North production of the opera opened at Leeds Grand Theatre in February 2013[21] Opera Up Close performed a truncated version in 2011, setting it in an American high school in the 1950s.

text: Adaptations[edit]

text: A version of the opera adapted to modern dance was choreographed by the American Mark Morris, who originally danced both the roles of Dido and the Sorceress. It premiered on 11 March 1989 at the Théâtre Varia in Brussels.[22] It has since been performed many times and was filmed in 1995 by Canadian director Barbara Willis Sweete, with Morris in the roles of Dido and the Sorceress.[23] Another dance version, choreographed by Sasha Waltz, premiered at the Staatsoper Unter den Linden in Berlin on 29 January 2005 and opened with the dancers performing underwater in an enormous tank.[24] The production was subsequently seen at the Grand Théâtre in Luxembourg, Opéra national de Montpellier, and Sadler's Wells Theatre in London. In both the Morris and the Waltz adaptations, the characters are each portrayed by both a singer and a dancer, with the dancers onstage and the singers performing from the side of the stage or the orchestra pit.

text: Roles[edit]

text:
Role
Voice type

Dido (also known as Elissa), Queen of Carthage
soprano or mezzo-soprano[25]

Belinda, Dido's sister and handmaid
light soprano

Second Woman, Another Handmaiden
soprano or mezzo-soprano

Aeneas, Trojan Prince
tenor or high baritone[26]

Sorceress/Sorcerer
mezzo-soprano, contralto, countertenor or bass[27]

First Witch/Enchantress
mezzo-soprano

Second Witch/Enchantress
mezzo-soprano

Spirit, in form of Mercury
soprano or countertenor

First Sailor
tenor[28]

Chorus, SATB: all members at one point or another represent courtiers, witches, cupids, and sailors.

text: Synopsis[edit]

text: Act 1[edit]

text: Dido's court

text: The opera opens with Dido in her court with her attendants. Belinda is trying to cheer up Dido, but Dido is full of sorrow, saying 'Peace and I are strangers grown'. Belinda believes the source of this grief to be the Trojan Aeneas, and suggests that Carthage's troubles could be resolved by a marriage between the two. Dido and Belinda talk for a time—Dido fears that her love will make her a weak monarch, but Belinda and the Second Woman reassure her that "The hero loves as well." Aeneas enters the court, and is at first received coldly by Dido, but she eventually accepts his proposal of marriage.

text: Act 2[edit]

text: Scene 1: The cave of the Sorceress

text: The Sorceress/Sorcerer is plotting the destruction of Carthage and its queen, and summons companions to help with evil plans. The plan is to send her "trusted elf" disguised as Mercury, someone to whom Aeneas will surely listen, to tempt him to leave Dido and sail to Italy. This would leave Dido heartbroken, and she would surely die. The chorus join in with terrible laughter, and the Enchantresses decide to conjure up a storm to make Dido and her train leave the grove and return to the palace. When the spell is prepared, the witches vanish in a thunderclap.

text: Scene 2: A grove during the middle of a hunt

text:
Stay, Prince and hear

The Sorceress' messenger, in form of Mercury, attempts to convince Aeneas to leave Carthage.

Problems playing this file? See media help.

text: Dido and Aeneas are accompanied by their train. They stop at the grove to take in its beauty. A lot of action is going on, with attendants carrying goods from the hunt and a picnic possibly taking place, and Dido and Aeneas are together within the activity. This is all stopped when Dido hears distant thunder, prompting Belinda to tell the servants to prepare for a return to shelter as soon as possible. As every other character leaves the stage, Aeneas is stopped by the Sorceress's elf, who is disguised as Mercury. This pretend Mercury brings the command of Jove that Aeneas is to wait no longer in beginning his task of creating a new Troy on Latin soil. Aeneas consents to the wishes of what he believes are the gods, but is heart-broken that he will have to leave Dido. He then goes off-stage to prepare for his departure from Carthage.

text: Act 3[edit]

text: The harbour at Carthage

text: Preparations are being made for the departure of the Trojan fleet. The sailors sing a song, which is followed shortly by the Sorceress and her companions' sudden appearance. The group is pleased at how well their plan has worked, and the Sorceress sings a solo describing her further plans for the destruction of Aeneas "on the ocean". All the characters begin to clear the stage after a dance in three sections, and then disperse.

text: The palace

text: Dido and Belinda enter, shocked at Aeneas’ disappearance. Dido is distraught and Belinda comforts her. Suddenly Aeneas returns, but Dido is full of fear before Aeneas speaks, and his words only serve to confirm her suspicions. She derides his reasons for leaving, and even when Aeneas says he will defy the gods and not leave Carthage, Dido rejects him for having once thought of leaving her. After Dido forces Aeneas to leave, she states that "Death must come when he is gone." The opera and Dido's life both slowly come to a conclusion, as the Queen of Carthage sings her last aria, "When I am laid in Earth", also known as "Dido's Lament." The chorus and orchestra then conclude the opera once Dido is dead by ordering the "cupids to scatter roses on her tomb, soft and gentle as her heart. Keep here your watch, and never never never part."[29]

text: Recordings[edit]

text: The first complete recording of the opera was made by Decca Records in 1935 with Nancy Evans as Dido and Roy Henderson as Aeneas,[30] followed in 1945 by HMV's release with Joan Hammond and Dennis Noble. Kirsten Flagstad, who had sung the role at the Mermaid Theatre in London, recorded it in 1951 for EMI with Thomas Hemsley as Aeneas. Dido and Aeneas has been recorded many times since the 1960s with Dido sung by mezzo-sopranos such as Janet Baker (1961), Tatiana Troyanos (1968), Teresa Berganza (1986), Anne Sofie von Otter (1989) and Susan Graham (2003). In addition to Joan Hammond and Kirsten Flagstad, sopranos who have recorded the role include Victoria de los Ángeles (1965), Emma Kirkby (1981), Jessye Norman (1986), Catherine Bott (1992), Lynne Dawson (1998), and Evelyn Tubb (2004).

text: Beginning with Andrew Parrott's 1981 recording for Chandos with the Taverner Consort and Players, there was an increasing preference for a more genuine period sound.[31] Further recordings by conductors and ensembles using this approach include those by Christopher Hogwood and The Academy of Ancient Music, William Christie and Les Arts Florissants (1986); Trevor Pinnock and The English Concert (1989); René Jacobs and the Orchestra of the Age of Enlightenment (1998); Emmanuelle Haïm and Le Concert d'Astrée (2003); and Predrag Gosta and New Trinity Baroque (2004). The Haïm recording with Susan Graham as Dido and Ian Bostridge as Aeneas was nominated for the Best Opera Recording in the 2005 Grammy Awards.[32]

text: Several performances of the opera have been filmed and are available on DVD, most recently the 2008 performance at the Opéra-Comique in Paris conducted by William Christie and directed by Deborah Warner (FRA Musica FRA001)[33] and the 2009 performance at London's Royal Opera House conducted by Christopher Hogwood and directed by Wayne McGregor (OpusArte OA1018D). The Mark Morris dance version of the opera is also preserved on DVD (recorded 1995, Image Entertainment 8741) as is the dance version by Sasha Waltz (recorded 2005, Arthaus Musik 101311)


document_title: What Does It Take (To Win Your Love)

question_text: who sang what does it take to win your love for me

text: What Does It Take (To Win Your Love)

text:
"What Does It Take (To Win Your Love)"
Single by Jr. Walker & the All Starsfrom the album Home Cookin'B-side
"Brainwasher-Pt 2"Released
25 April 1969[1]Format
7" singleRecorded
Hitsville U.S.A.Genre
SoulLength
2:58Label
Tamla MotownTMG 712Songwriter(s)
Johnny Bristol, Harvey Fuqua and Vernon BullockProducer(s)
Harvey Fuqua & Johnny BristolJr. Walker & the All Stars singles chronology

"Home Cookin'" (1968)

"What Does It Take (To Win Your Love)" (1969)

"These Eyes" (1968)

"Home Cookin'" (1968)

"What Does It Take (To Win Your Love)"(1968)

"These Eyes"(1968)

text: "What Does It Take (To Win Your Love)" is a 1968 song that was a 1969 hit single by Jr. Walker & The All Stars.[2]  The single was one of Jr. Walker's  most successful releases, becoming a hit on both the R&B and pop singles charts. "What Does It Take (To Win Your Love)," written by Johnny Bristol, Harvey Fuqua, and Vernon Bullock, made it into the top five on the Hot 100,[3] and became Jr. Walker's second number one on the R&B charts. The song was also a hit in the UK in 1969, reaching number 13 on the UK Singles Chart. It remained in the chart for 12 weeks.[4] The song was voted Top US Soul Record of 1969 and has sold over a million copies. Its extended intro and saxophone solo have influenced the works of David Sanborn, Clarence Clemons and Bobby Keys.[5]

text: Alton Ellis also covered the song on his album Mr Soul of Jamaica. Many sources give the release date for this album as 1967. Many, such as Allmusic, question the year of release.[6] The version released as a single is dated 1970.[7] In 1986 instrumentalist Kenny G (with Ellis Hall on vocals) covered this tune on his 1986 album "Duotones".[8]

text: Personnel[edit]

text:
Lead vocals and tenor sax solos by Junior Walker
Harmony vocals by Johnny Bristol
Backing vocals by The Andantes
Other instrumentation by The All-Stars with members of The Funk Brothers and the Detroit Symphony Orchestra

text: Chart history[edit]

text:
Chart (1969)

Peakposition

U.S. Billboard Hot 100

4

U.S. Cash Box Top 100[9]

5

U.S. Billboard Hot Black Singles

1

UK Singles Chart

13


document_title: Orange Is the New Black

question_text: where is orange is the nee black filmed

question_tokens: where is orange is the nee black filmed

text: Orange Is the New Black

text: Plot[edit]

text:
Season
Episodes
Originally released

1
13
July 11, 2013 (2013-07-11)

2
13
June 6, 2014 (2014-06-06)

3
13
June 11, 2015 (2015-06-11)

4
13
June 17, 2016 (2016-06-17)

5
13
June 9, 2017 (2017-06-09)

text: The series revolves around Piper Chapman (Taylor Schilling), a woman in her 30s living in New York City who is sentenced to 15 months in Litchfield Penitentiary, a minimum-security women's federal prison (initially operated by the "Federal Department of Corrections," a fictional version of the Federal Bureau of Prisons, and later acquired by Management & Correction Corporation (MCC), a private prison company) in upstate New York. Piper had been convicted of transporting a suitcase full of drug money for her girlfriend Alex Vause (Laura Prepon), an international drug smuggler. The offense was 10 years prior to the start of the series and in that time Piper had moved on to a quiet, law-abiding life among New York's upper middle class. Her sudden and unexpected indictment severely disrupted her relationships with her fiancé, family and friends.

text: In prison, Piper is reunited with Alex (who named Piper in her trial, resulting in Piper's arrest) and they re-examine their relationship. Simultaneously, Piper must learn how to survive in prison and how to overcome its numerous, inherent struggles. Episodes often feature flashbacks of significant events from various inmates' and prison guards' pasts. These flashbacks typically explain how the inmate came to be in prison or develop the character's backstory.

text: The show pays close attention to how corruption, drug smuggling, funding cuts, overcrowding and guard brutality affect the prisoners' health and well-being and the prison's basic ability to fulfil its fundamental responsibilities and ethical obligations as a federal corrections institution. One of the show's key conflicts involves the prison Director of Human Activities, Joe Caputo, whose efforts and aims as a warden constantly conflict with the business interests of MCC, which acquired the facility when it was about to be shut down.

text: Cast and characters[edit]

text: Main cast[edit]

text:
Taylor Schilling as Piper Chapman, inmate
Laura Prepon as Alex Vause, inmate
Michael Harney as Sam Healy, correctional officer[a]
Michelle Hurst as Miss Claudette Pelage, inmate (season 1)
Kate Mulgrew as Galina "Red" Reznikov, inmate
Jason Biggs as Larry Bloom, Piper's fiancé (season 1–2, guest season 5)
Uzo Aduba as Suzanne "Crazy Eyes" Warren, inmate
Danielle Brooks as Tasha "Taystee" Jefferson, inmate
Natasha Lyonne as Nicky Nichols, inmate
Taryn Manning as Tiffany "Pennsatucky" Doggett, inmate
Selenis Leyva as Gloria Mendoza, inmate
Adrienne C. Moore as Cindy "Black Cindy" Hayes, inmate
Dascha Polanco as Dayanara "Daya" Diaz, inmate
Nick Sandow as Joe Caputo, Director of Human Activities, later Warden
Yael Stone as Lorna Morello, inmate
Samira Wiley as Poussey Washington, inmate (seasons 1–4, guest season 5)
Jackie Cruz as Marisol "Flaca" Gonzales, inmate
Lea DeLaria as Carrie "Big Boo" Black, inmate
Elizabeth Rodriguez as Aleida Diaz, former inmate
Jessica Pimentel as Maria Ruiz, inmate

text: Recurring cast[edit]

text: Inmates[edit]

text:
Laverne Cox as Sophia Burset
Annie Golden as Norma Romano
Laura Gómez as Blanca Flores
Diane Guerrero as Maritza Ramos
Vicky Jeudy as Janae Watson
Julie Lake as Angie Rice
Emma Myles as Leanne Taylor
Abigail Savage as Gina Murphy
Constance Shulman as Erica "Yoga" Jones
Lori Tan Chinn as Mei Chang
Tamara Torres as Gerrman "Weeping Woman"
Lin Tucci as Anita DeMarco
Beth Fowler as Sister Jane Ingalls (seasons 1-4)
Barbara Rosenblat as Rosa "Miss Rosa" Cisneros (seasons 1–2, guest season 3)
Madeline Brewer as Tricia Miller (season 1)
Kimiko Glenn as Brook Soso (season 2–present)
Dale Soules as Frieda Berlin (season 2–present)
Lori Petty as Lolly Whitehill (seasons 2–4)
Lorraine Toussaint as Yvonne "Vee" Parker (season 2)
Emily Althaus as Maureen Kukudio (season 3–present)
Blair Brown as Judy King (season 3–present)
Ruby Rose as Stella Carlin (seasons 3–4)
Rosal Colon as Carmen "Ouija" Aziza (season 4–present)
Francesca Curran as Helen Van Maele (season 4–present)
Daniella De Jesus as "Zirconia" Cabrera (season 4–present)
Asia Kate Dillon as Brandy Epps (season 4–present)
Shannon Esper as Alana Dwight (season 4–present)
Arianda Fernandez as Michelle Carreras (season 4–present)
Kelly Karbacz as Kasey Sankey (season 4–present)
Miriam Morales as Ramona "Pidge" Contreras (season 4–present)
Jolene Purdy as Stephanie Hapakuka (season 4–present)
Amanda Stephen as Alison Abdullah (season 4–present)

text: Staff

text:
Catherine Curtin as Wanda Bell
Joel Marsh Garland as Scott O'Neill
Matt Peters as Joel Luschek
Alysia Reiner as Natalie "Fig" Figueroa
Brendan Burke as Wade Donaldson (seasons 1-4)
Lolita Foster as Eliqua Maxwell (seasons 1–3)
Germar Terrell Gardner as Charles Ford (seasons 1–3)
Matt McGorry as John Bennett (seasons 1–3)
Pablo Schreiber as George "Pornstache" Mendez (seasons 1–3, guest season 5)
Lauren Lapkus as Susan Fischer (seasons 1–2)
Alan Aisenberg as Baxter "Gerber" Bayley (season 3–present)
Beth Dover as Linda Ferguson / "Amelia Von Barlow" (season 3–present)
Jimmy Gary Jr. as Felix Rikerson (season 3–present)
James McMenamin as Charlie "Donuts" Coates (season 3–present)
Mike Birbiglia as Danny Pearson (seasons 3-4)
Marsha Stephanie Blake as Berdie Rogers (season 3)
Nick Dillenburg as Ryder Blake (season 4–present)
Evan Arthur Hall as Stratman (season 4–present)
Mike Houston as Lee Dixon (season 4–present)
Brad William Henke as Desi Piscatella (seasons 4–5)
John Palladino as Josh (season 4–present)
Emily Tarver as Artesian McCullough (season 4–present)
Michael Torpey as Thomas "Humps" Humphrey (seasons 4–5)

text: Others

text:
Michael Chernus as Cal Chapman (seasons 1–4)
Tanya Wright as Crystal Burset (seasons 1–4)
Tracee Chimo as Neri Feldman (seasons 1–3)
Berto Colon as Cesar (seasons 1–3, 5)
Deborah Rush as Carol Chapman (seasons 1–3, 5)
Maria Dizzia as Polly Harper (seasons 1–2)
Ian Paola as Yadriel (season 2–present)
John Magaro as Vince Muccio (season 3–present)
Mary Steenburgen as Delia Powell-Mendez (season 3, guest season 5)

text: Production[edit]

text: Show creator Jenji Kohan read Piper Kerman's memoir after a friend sent it to her. She then set up a meeting with Kerman to pitch her on a TV adaptation, which she notes she "screwed up" as she spent most of the time asking Kerman about her experiences she described in the book rather than selling her on the show. This appealed to Kerman as it let her know that she was a fan and she signed off on the adaptation.[9] Kohan would later go on to describe the main character, Piper Chapman, as a "trojan horse" for the series, allowing it to focus on characters whose demographics would not normally be represented on TV.[10]

text: In July 2011, it was revealed that Netflix was in negotiations with Lionsgate for a 13-episode TV adaptation of Kerman's memoirs with Kohan as creator.[11] In November 2011, negotiations were finalized and the series had been greenlit.[12] Casting announcements began in August 2012 with Taylor Schilling, the first to be cast, in the lead role as Piper Chapman,[13] followed by Jason Biggs as Piper's fiancé Larry Bloom.[14]

text: Laura Prepon and Yael Stone were next to join the series.[2] Abigail Savage, who plays Gina, and Alysia Reiner, who plays Fig, had auditioned for role of Alex Vause.[9][15] Prepon initially auditioned for Piper Chapman,[16] however Kohan felt she would not worry about her [in prison], noting a "toughness and a presence to her that wasn’t right for the character." Kohan instead gave her the role of Alex.[9] Stone had originally auditioned for the role of Nicky Nichols, but she was not considered "tough enough" for the character;[17] she was asked to audition for Lorna Morello instead.[18] Likability was important for Morello, whom casting director Jen Euston deemed "a very helpful, nice, sweet Italian girl."[18] Laverne Cox, a black transgender woman, was cast as Sophia Burset, a transgender character. The Advocate touted Orange Is the New Black as possibly the first women-in-prison narrative to cast a transgender woman for this type of role.[19] Natasha Lyonne was to audition for Alex, but was asked to read for the character Nicky Nichols; "[Kohan knew] she could do Nicky with her eyes closed. She was perfect," said Euston.[18] Uzo Aduba read for the part of Janae Watson but was offered the character Suzanne "Crazy Eyes" Warren.[18][20] Taryn Manning was offered the role of Tiffany "Pennsatucky" Doggett.[18] This American Life host Ira Glass was offered a role as a public radio host, but he declined. The role instead went to Robert Stanton, who plays the fictional host Maury Kind.[21]

text: The series is set in a fictional prison in Litchfield, New York, which is a real town in upstate New York, but it does not have a federal penitentiary.[22] The series began filming in the old Rockland Children's Psychiatric Center in Rockland County, New York, on March 7, 2013.[23] The title sequence features photos of real former female prisoners including Kerman herself.[24]

text: On June 27, 2013, prior to the series premiere, Netflix renewed the show for a second season consisting of 13 episodes.[25] For the second season, Uzo Aduba, Taryn Manning, Danielle Brooks, and Natasha Lyonne were promoted to series regulars.[26] Laura Prepon did not return as a series regular for a second season because of scheduling conflicts, but returned for season 3 as a regular.[27] On May 5, 2014, the series was renewed for a third season, as revealed by actress Laura Prepon.[28] For the third season, several actors were promoted to series regulars, including Selenis Leyva, Adrienne C. Moore, Dascha Polanco, Nick Sandow, Yael Stone, and Samira Wiley.[29] Both Jason Biggs and Pablo Schreiber were confirmed as not returning for the third season, but Schreiber appeared in the 10th episode of the third season.[30][31][32] The series was renewed for a fourth season on April 15, 2015, prior to its third-season premiere.[33][34] For the fourth season, Jackie Cruz and Lea DeLaria were promoted to series regulars; with Elizabeth Rodriguez also being promoted by the season's sixth episode.[35] On February 5, 2016, the series was renewed for a fifth, sixth and seventh season.[4]

text: Reception[edit]

text: Critical response[edit]

text:
Season
Critical response

Rotten Tomatoes
Metacritic

1
93% (40 reviews)
79 (32 reviews)

2
98% (42 reviews)
89 (31 reviews)

3
96% (24 reviews)
83 (53 reviews)

4
95% (39 reviews)
86 (19 reviews)

5
74% (35 reviews)
67 (20 reviews)

text: Orange Is the New Black has received critical acclaim, particularly praised for humanizing prisoners[36][37] and for its depiction of race, sexuality, gender and body types.[38]

text: The first season received positive reviews from critics, review aggregator Metacritic gave it a weighted average score of 79 out of 100 based on reviews from 32 critics, indicating favorable reviews.[39] On Rotten Tomatoes, season one has a 93% approval rating based on 40 reviews, with an average rating of 8.2 out of 10 . The site's critical consensus is "Orange Is the New Black is a sharp mix of black humor and dramatic heft, with interesting characters and an intriguing flashback structure."[40]

text: Hank Stuever, television critic for The Washington Post, gave Orange Is the New Black a perfect score. In his review of the series, he stated: "In Jenji Kohan's magnificent and thoroughly engrossing new series, Orange Is the New Black, prison is still the pits. But it is also filled with the entire range of human emotion and stories, all of which are brought vividly to life in a world where a stick of gum could ignite either a romance or a death threat."[41] Maureen Ryan, of The Huffington Post, wrote: "Orange is one of the best new programs of the year, and the six episodes I've seen have left me hungry to see more."[42]

text: The second season also received critical acclaim. Rotten Tomatoes gave a rating of 98%, with an average rating of 9.1 out of 10 based on 42 reviews. The site's critical consensus reads: "With a talented ensemble cast bringing life to a fresh round of serial drama, Orange Is the New Black's sophomore season lives up to its predecessor's standard for female-led television excellence.[43] Metacritic gave the second season a score of 89 out of 100 based on 31 critics, indicating "universal acclaim."[44] David Wiegland of the San Francisco Chronicle gave the season a positive review, calling the first six episodes "not only as great as the first season, but arguably better."[45]

text: The third season received critical acclaim. On Metacritic, it has a score of 83 out of 100 based on 24 reviews.[46] On Rotten Tomatoes, it has a 96% rating with an average score of 8.2 out of 10 based on 53 reviews. The site's critical consensus reads: "Thanks to its blend of potent comedy and rich character work, Orange is the New Black remains a bittersweet pleasure in its third season."[47]

text: The fourth season received critical acclaim. On Metacritic, it has a score of 86 out of 100 based on 19 reviews.[48] On Rotten Tomatoes, it has a 95% rating with an average score of 8.6 out of 10 based on 39 reviews. The site's critical consensus reads: "Orange is the New Black is back and better than ever, with a powerful fourth season full of compelling performances by the ensemble cast."[49] James Poniewozik of The New York Times reviewed the fourth season as "Do you measure the quality of a TV season as a beginning-to-end average or by how well it ends? By the first yardstick, Season 4 is ambitious but uneven; by the latter, it's the series' best."[50]

text: The fifth season has received "generally favorable reviews".[51] On Metacritic, it has a score of 67 out of 100 based on 20 reviews.[51] On Rotten Tomatoes, it has a 76% rating with an average score of 7.47 out of 10 based on 33 reviews.[52]

text: Accolades[edit]

text: Orange Is the New Black has received many accolades since its debut. The series has garnered 16 Emmy Award nominations and four wins. For its first season, it received 12 Emmy Award nominations, including Outstanding Comedy Series, Outstanding Writing for a Comedy Series, and Outstanding Directing for a Comedy Series, winning three.[53] Taylor Schilling received a Golden Globe Award nomination for Best Actress in a Television Series – Drama.[54] In 2013, the American Film Institute selected the series as one of the Top 10 Television Programs of the Year.[55]

text: A new Emmy rule in 2015, classifying half-hour shows as comedies and hour-long shows as dramas, forced the series to change categories from comedy to drama for its second season.[56] That year, the series received four Emmy nominations, including Outstanding Drama Series, and Aduba won her second Emmy Award, for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Drama Series.[53] Orange Is the New Black became the first series to receive Emmy nominations in both comedy and drama categories.[8] For its second season, the series also received three Golden Globe Award nominations: Best Television Series – Musical or Comedy, Best Actress – Television Series Musical or Comedy for Schilling, and Best Supporting Actress – Series, Miniseries or Television Film for Aduba. At the 21st Screen Actors Guild Awards, the series won Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Comedy Series and Aduba won Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Comedy Series.[57]

text: For its third season, Orange Is the New Black won Screen Actors Guild Awards for Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Comedy Series and Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Comedy Series (Aduba).[58] It received a Golden Globe Award nomination for Best Television Series – Musical or Comedy.[54] The series has also received, among other accolades, six Writers Guild of America Award nominations,[59] five Satellite Awards,[60][61] four Critics' Choice Television Awards,[62][63] a GLAAD Media Award,[64] an American Cinema Editors Award,[65] a Producers Guild of America Award,[66] and a Peabody Award.[67]

text: Broadcast[edit]

text:
Netflix is famously tight-fisted when it comes to offering up viewership data about its original series. But execs with the streaming giant have repeatedly confirmed that OITNB is its most-watched original series. That has been backed up by the efforts of outside measurement companies to track viewing in the Netflix eco-system.

—Variety[4]

tag: div

text: The series began airing on broadcast television in New Zealand on TV2 on August 19, 2013.[68] It premiered in Australia on October 9, 2013, on Showcase.[69] The second season began on Showcase on July 16, 2014,[70] and the third season premiered on June 11, 2015.[71] The first season began airing on broadcast television in the UK on Sony Channel from April 19, 2017.[72]

text: In April 2017, it was reported that a cybercriminal had stolen the first ten episodes of the fifth season in a security breach of a post-production company. Netflix failed to respond to ransom demands, and the cybercriminal leaked the episodes online. Netflix confirmed the security breach and an ongoing investigation by federal law enforcement.[73][74] Multichannel News reported that demand for the series significantly increased over the seven-day period following the leak of the episodes. It was also said that the leak would likely cause a decrease in demand for the fifth season when Netflix releases it in June.[75]

text: Ratings[edit]

text: Orange Is the New Black generated more viewers and hours viewed in its first week than the other Netflix original series House of Cards and Arrested Development.[76][77] In October 2013, Netflix stated that the show is a "tremendous success" for the streaming platform. "It will end the year as our most watched original series ever and, as with each of our other previously launched originals, enjoys an audience comparable with successful shows on cable and broadcast TV."[78][79] As reported in February 2016, Orange Is the New Black remains Netflix's most-watched original series.[4][6][80] In 2016, a New York Times study of the 50 TV shows with the most Facebook Likes found that Orange Is the New Black is one of the shows most watched in urban areas, and despite its "minority-rich ensemble cast," the series "appeals more to a white audience."[81]

text: Notes[edit]

text: Jump up ^ Michael J. Harney was credited as main cast for season 5 but did not make a single appearance.

tag: ol


document_title: What's It Gonna Be (Beyoncé song)

question_text: who sang what's it gonna be

question_tokens: who sang what 's it gon na be

text: What's It Gonna Be (Beyoncé song)

text:
"What's It Gonna Be"

Song by Beyoncé

from the album Dangerously in Love

Released
July 29, 2003 (2003-07-29)

Format
Digital download

Genre

R&B
funk

Length
3:35

Label

Columbia
Sony Urban

Songwriter(s)

Beyoncé Knowles
LaShaun Owens
Karrim Mack
Corte Ellis
Larry Troutman
Roger Troutman
Kandice Love

Producer(s)

Beyoncé Knowles
Soul Diggaz

text: "What's It Gonna Be" is a song by American recording artist Beyoncé. It was written by Beyoncé, Kandice Love, and Soul Diggaz production team members LaShaun Owens, Karrim Mack, and Corte Ellis for her debut studio album, Dangerously in Love (2003), while production on the track was overseen by Beyoncé and Soul Diggaz. A funk and soul song, "What's It Gonna Be" samples from "Do It Roger" (1981), written and performed by Roger Troutman along with his brother Larry.

text: The song was not included on the final track listing of the album but appears as a bonus track on the Japanese edition of Dangerously in Love. It also appeared on the additional audio disc of her live album Live at Wembley, which was released in 2004.[1] "What's It Gonna Be" was released to US iTunes Store as a digital single on July 29, 2003, through Columbia Records. Website Allmusic praised the composition, writing that it "rips honeyed harmonies over a funky beat."[2]

text: Formats and track listings[edit]

text: Digital download[3]

text: "What's It Gonna Be" – 3:35


document_title: The One with the Rumor

question_text: who plays monica's friend will on friends

question_tokens: who plays monica 's friend will on friends

text: The One with the Rumor

text: Plot[edit]

text: Monica invites an old school friend of hers and Ross' for Thanksgiving, Will Colbert (Brad Pitt). She also tells a crestfallen Joey Tribbiani that she won't be cooking a turkey because of Will's, Chandler's, Rachel's and Phoebe's aversion to the poultry. Joey admonishes Monica and demands the tradition, and so Monica obliges with a monstrous bird. Throughout the episode, Joey battles the enormous turkey, eventually changing into Phoebe's maternity clothing to ease the strain on his stomach.

text: Will arrives and is revealed to have lost an enormous amount of weight. However, he reacts very badly when learning that Rachel Green, who he hated in high school, will be joining them for dinner. Rachel is immediately attracted to Will, unable to recognise him, but Will is openly hostile and this culminates in his proud announcement that he - and Ross - founded the "I Hate Rachel" club in high school and initiated a rumour that she was a hermaphrodite, which was spread throughout their entire high school. Rachel feels betrayed by Ross, until Monica reminds her that she started a rumor of her own that Ross made out with the school's 50-year-old librarian, though a horrified Ross confirms it as true. Rachel demands that Ross recant the rumour by calling everyone from school, but Monica puts them both in their place by reminding them that Rachel's rumour put Ross on the social radar, that Ross and Will's rumour had no effect whatsoever on Rachel's queen bee status, and that they're having a baby together. Will is completely dumbfounded by this revelation, but takes pleasure in the fact that Ross got Rachel pregnant but isn't going to marry her.

text: The episode culminates in Joey finishing off the turkey and getting the meat sweats. After being extremely full, Joey still had room for pie.

text: Production[edit]

text: It was reported by Entertainment Weekly that Pitt would don a fat suit for flashback scenes to his fat childhood,[2] though this was unfounded as Will's weight was merely referred to on screen.[3] Pitt frequently visited Aniston at the studios before and after his appearance, though he did not go onto the set for fear of distracting the audience.[4] When questioned about his appearance in the show, Pitt said it was to promote his upcoming film Spy Game, though added that he liked the series anyway.[3] The episode was taped on November 2, following four days of rehearsals.[5]

text: Reception[edit]

text: As the series finale drew close in 2004, Eric Deggans of St. Petersburg Times ranked Pitt as one of the worst guest stars in Friends: "Stilted reactions, overly exaggerated comedy, near-palpable self-consciousness - despite his cred as a film actor, Pitt knew he was out of his depth on a sitcom stage. After five minutes' viewing, the audience did, too."[6] His work on set is admired by the main stars; Schwimmer recalls Pitt was "definitely [...] going against type"[7] and LeBlanc called him "really great on the show".[4] USA Today rates Will's line "Look at her standing there with those yams. My two greatest enemies, Ross. Rachel Green and complex carbohydrates" one of the best of the episode.[8]

text: The eponymous rumor drew criticism from the intersex community, a member of which wrote a strongly worded letter of complaint to NBC, calling the episode "ignorant, insulting, degrading, and absolutely unprofessional". The member urged the network to learn about intersex individuals via the Society's website and read an on-air apology before future episodes.[9]

text: Primetime Emmy Award nominations[edit]

text: Pitt was nominated for a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Guest Actor in a Comedy Series for his appearance in the episode. Additionally, Nick McLean was nominated for Outstanding Cinematography for a Multi-Camera Series, while Stephen Prime was nominated for Outstanding Multi-Camera Picture Editing for a Series, for their work on the episode.[10]