document_title: Air Jordan

question_text: when did the black and red jordans come out

question_tokens: when did the black and red jordans come out

text: Air Jordan

text: Product history[edit]

text: Since its introduction into the sports shoe market, the Air Jordan evolved from the original basketball shoes to models for different uses, including I-XXXII. The Jordan brand sponsors 21 active NBA players, including Jimmy Butler (basketball), Chris Paul, Blake Griffin, Kawhi Leonard, Russell Westbrook, and Carmelo Anthony. They also endorse Nike Air Jordan products. Also they sponsor other leagues such as the MLB, NFL, NASCAR and the WNBA.

text: AJ I:

text: The Air Jordan 1 was first produced for Michael Jordan in 1984. It was designed by Peter C. Moore.[2] The red and black colorway of the Nike Air Ship, the prototype for the Jordan 1, was later outlawed by NBA Commissioner David Stern for having very little white on them.[3] It is a common misconception that the Jordan 1 was banned however, it was indeed the Nike Air Ship. After the Nike Air Ship was banned, Michael Jordan and Nike introduced the Jordan 1 in color ways with more white such as the "Chicago" color way and the "Black Toe" color way. They used the Nike Air Ship's banning as a promotional tool in advertisements hinting that the shoes gave an unfair competitive advantage for the Jordan 1 and that whoever wore them had a certain edginess associated with outlaw activities.

text: The Air Jordan I was originally released on the market from 1985 to 1986. Then retro-ed in 1994, 2001–2004, and 2007–2017.

text: AJ II:

text: The success of the Air Jordan 1 encouraged Nike to release the New Air Jordan in 1986 for the new basketball season. Designed by Peter Moore and Bruce Kilgore, the original Air Jordan II was unique in that it was made in Italy giving the shoe a luxury feel. The Air Jordan 2 also retailed with a full length encapsulated Nike air bubble for maximum comfort. The Air Jordan 2 was the first Jordan not to have the Nike swoosh on the upper. The Air Jordan II was originally retailed at $100. The Air Jordan was originally released from 1986 to 1987. The model was revived from obscurity when Air Jordan collaborated with Just Don to create the Just Don x Air Jordan 2. The shoe featured premium blue quilted leather inspired by a Chanel handbag and released in very limited numbers on January 31, 2015 for $275. The shoe was released again in a Beach colourway bundled with a premium snapback and gold pin for $650 on January 30, 2016. Then retro-ed in 1994, 2004–2005, 2008, 2010, 2014–2017.

text: AJ III:

text: The Air Jordan III was designed by Tinker Hatfield who works for Nike as a designer for stores and offices. By that time Michael Jordan was ready to leave Nike, but the Jordan III changed his mind. It was the first Air Jordan to feature a visible air unit on the heel, the new Jumpman logo, an elephant print trim and tumble leather to give it a luxury look. The Air Jordan III was also famous for the humorous ads depicting Spike Lee as Mars Blackmon, the character he played in his film 'She's Gotta Have It'. This campaign was known as the "Mars and Mike" ad campaign, which was one of Nike's most successful advertisement campaigns. These were the first Jordan's to feature the "NIKE AIR" logo on the back, but later replaced by the Jumpman logo, with the words "AIR" underneath it, similar to the Air Jordan VI. These were said to be Michael Jordan's favorite shoes, he wore them during the 1988 Dunk Championship and many other events in his basketball career. The Air Jordan III's had poor sales when first reintroduced in 1994. On their second reintroduction in 2001, they sold well. The "Fire Red" Air Jordan III was released in March 2007, and late again in 2013.

text: In 2007, Jordan Brand collaborated with director Spike Lee to release a limited pair of Air Jordan III's the Do The Right Thing movie poster. The same year also saw the reintroduced versions of the Air Jordan III's in two monotone colorways, all black and all white, nicknamed the "Black Cats" and the "Pure Moneys" respectively. 2007 also had the "Flips" which moved the elephant print from the trim to the entire shoe and replacing it with white leather, indeed "Flipping" the original design of white leather with elephant print trim.

text: In 2009, the Jordan Brand reintroduced the highly sought after Air Jordan III in the True Blue colorway. It was an international-only release, meaning they were not sold in the US. In 2011, the brand released a Black History Month (BHM) Air Jordan III colorway in commemoration of the 35th anniversary of Black History Month. The sneaker is black with gold trim and stitching as well as laser print around the toe and heel. The BHM III was a very limited release and there was said to have been no more than 3,000 pairs made. Also, the same year saw the release of the "True Blue" III on June 4. The Stealth colorway of the III was released in September and the Black Cements were released in November.[4] The "Black Flips" were released on December 3, 2011. In 2013, Jordan released a special edition of the Jordan III this shoe was deemed the Air Jordan III "Retro '88" White Cement and were released in February.

text: The Air Jordan III was originally released in 1988. The multiple retros and new colorways have been released in 1994, 2001, 2007, 2009, 2011, 2013, 2014 and 2016.

text: AJ IV:

text: In 1989, Nike released the Air Jordan IV to the public. Designed by Tinker Hatfield, it was the first Air Jordan released on the global market. It had four colorways: White/ Black-Cement Grey, Black/Cement Grey, White/Fire Red-Black, and Off White/Military Blue.

text: Nike featured director and actor Spike Lee in ads for AJ IV. Lee had featured the shoe in his movie Do The Right Thing. The Air Jordan Bordeaux "Spiz'ike IV" was made to commemorate Lee's friendship with Michael Jordan.

text: The Air Jordan IV was on Jordan's feet when he made "The Shot," a series winner in Game 5 of the 1989 NBA First Round between the Chicago Bulls and the Cleveland Cavaliers. In 2012 a Cavalier colorway dubbed the "Cavs" was released to honor "The Shot."

text: The Air Jordan IV was re-released in 1999 and retroed in 2000, 2004, 2006, 2008, 2010–2013 and 2015–2017. Recent retroed colorways are the Retro 4 "Legend Blue", "Oreo" in early 2015, and the Retro 4 OG "Cement" that released on February 13, 2016.[5]

text: AJ V:

text: The Air Jordan V was released in February 1990, designed by Tinker Hatfield again. Some elements were carried over from the Air Jordan IV, but overall they were a completely new look. Some of its new features were a reflective tongue, translucent rubber soles and lace locks. The soles gave them a new look, but it yellowed over time when exposed to moisture and were the source of many complaints early on due to the slippery nature of the soles when collecting dust.

text: Hatfield is believed to have drawn inspiration for the Air Jordan V from World War II fighter planes, which was most notably visible in the shark teeth shapes on the midsole. The Air Jordan V was reintroduced in 2000, including a new color way featuring Michael Jordan's high school (Laney High) colors. In 2006 several V's were reintroduced, including the LS "Grape" V's, the LS "burgundy" V's, the "Fire-Red" V's, the "Green Bean" V's, and "Stealth Blue V's. Along with the latter, a very limited laser design and the black/metallic/fire red colorways were released in early 2007.

text: In the month of May 2009, Air Jordan confirmed the release of an "DMP II" consisting of two Air Jordan V's.[6] The second color way features a 3M material base with black laces and midsole. The retail price was $310.

text: The Air Jordan V was originally released in 1990. It was retroed in 2000, 2006–2009, 2011 and 2013–2017.

text: The Air Jordan V saw a lot of use in popular sitcom The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air. During many episodes you can see Will Smith wearing the 'metallic silver', 'grape', and 'fire red' colorway. To pay tribute to his character, Jordan released the Air Jordan 5 Bel Air in 2013.[7]

text: AJ VI:

text: The Air Jordan VI had a new design by Tinker Hatfield and released in 1991. The Original 5 colorways were: Black/Infrared, White/Infrared, White/ Carmine-Black, White/Sport Blue, and Off White/Maroon. The Air Jordan VI introduced a reinforcement around the toe, It had two holes in the tongue, and a molded heel tab on the back of the sneaker (demanded by Jordan so it wouldn't hit his Achilles tendon). Like the Air Jordan V this sneaker also had Clear rubber/"Icy" Soles. The Air Jordan VI was the last Air Jordan to feature the Nike Air logo on it.

text: Later that year the Bulls defeated the Lakers in the 1991 NBA Finals, with Jordan (wearing the Black/Infrared) named as the most valuable player. That was also the first NBA Championship won by Jordan and the Bulls. The Jordan VI was also seen in the film White Men Can't Jump, which was produced in 1991 and released one year later.

text: The Air Jordan VI has been retro-ed many times since its original release in 1991, Notable releases were in 2000, 2002, 2005, 2008, 2010, 2012 and 2014 with the Black Infrared Colorway.

text: In addition to a Porsche-inspired rear pull tab and visible air the Air Jordan VI was the first Jordan with an inner bootie.

text: The Air Jordan VI was originally released in 1991. It was retro-ed in 2000, 2002, 2006, 2008–2010, 2012 and 2014–2017.

text: The Air Jordan VI saw much of screen time in 2015's Creed. Adonis Johnson (Michael B. Jordan) can be seen sporting the black/infrared and the white/varsity red-black colorway through most of the movie,[8] most notably during the training montage before the big fight that Rocky films are known for.[9]

text: The VI was the first shoe used by the protagonist of Slam Dunk, Hanamichi Sakuragi. [10] Nike released special versions of both the VI and the Jordan Super.Fly 3 featuring artwork from the series in 2014. The VI also had Sakuragi's number 10 embroidered on the side of the heels.[11] Various other models in the Air Jordan line are featured in the series, including the original (which Sakuragi eventually switched to), the V, and the XII (both worn by Sakuragi's rival, Kaede Rukawa). [12]

text: AJ VII

text: The Air Jordan VII was released in 1992 with a new design by Tinker Hatfield. This shoe introduced the huarache technology which allowed the shoes to better conform to the user's foot. A few things were no longer featured on the new model, such as the visible air sole, the Nike Air logo, and the yellowing soles. This was the first Air-Jordan in the line that did not have any distinctive "Nike Air" on the outer portions of the shoe. The "Nike Air" branding was still on the in-soles, which Air Jordans VIII-XI also had. The VIIs were also known for a successful ad campaign in which Bugs Bunny appeared alongside Michael Jordan to market the shoes.

text: When Jordan went to compete at the 1992 Barcelona Olympics to play for the US Men's Basketball Team (also known as the "Dream Team"), Nike released a special Olympic color combo of the Air Jordan VII model which had Jordan's Olympic jersey number, 9 even though most of the jordans that were made, especially the Air Jordan VII had a "23" on the back.

text: Various models of the Air Jordan VII were re-released in 2002, again in 2004, and again with different colors in 2006. Also in 2008 Nike released a black and blue pair owned only by Cheikh Mbacké, ordered for $600.

text: In 2011 the Air Jordan VII saw releases in the "Orion" and "Bordeaux" colorways. Other colorways are confirmed for a 2011 release as well, such as the "Cardinals" which is a re-release and "Year of the Rabbits". The "Olympic" and "Charcoal" (commonly referred to as Raptors) were re-released in 2012.

text: The Air Jordan VII was originally released in 1992. It was retro-ed in 2002, 2004, 2006, 2008–2012 and 2015–2017.

text: AJ VIII:

text: The Air Jordan VIII was released to coincide with the 1992–1993 NBA season. The eighth model of the Air Jordan was noticeably heavier than its predecessors. This shoe had a lot more detail than most of the earlier Air Jordan's such as two crossover straps on each shoe and a Jumpman. Thus the Air Jordan VIII model became known as the "Punisher" because of the advanced basketball ankle support and enhanced traction. This shoe contains a full length air sole, polyurethane midsole, polycarbonate shank plate, and two crossover straps (for added support and more custom fit).

text: The Air Jordan VIII was originally released in 1993. It was retro-ed in 2003, 2007, 2008, 2013 and 2015–2017.

text: AJ IX:

text: Originally released in November 1993, the Air Jordan IX model was the first model released after Michael Jordan's retirement. Jordan never played an NBA season wearing these shoes. This model was inspired by baseball cleats that Jordan wore when playing minor-league baseball.

text: Like the VII and VIII models, the Air Jordan IX featured an inner sock sleeve and nubuck accents. The sole featured different symbols and languages of different countries. The Air Jordan IX has been the shoe chosen to adorn Jordan's feet for his statue outside of the United Center in Chicago.

text: In popular culture, in the children's movie The Little Rascals one of the bullies, Butch is wearing a pair of these shoes. American rap icon Tupac Shakur also wore Air Jordans in a popular "Thug Life" photo set in 1993.

text: The Air Jordan IX was originally released from 1993 to 1994. It was retro-ed in 2002, 2008, 2010, 2012, 2014–2017.

text: AJ X:

text: This was released in 1995 in 8 different colors, Black/grey, varsity-black, off-white/black/varsity red*, Powder Blue (worn by UNC's Men's and Women's basketball teams), Orlando Magic*, New York Knicks*, Seattle SuperSonics*, and Sacramento Kings*. It was the first Air Jordan to feature a lightweight phylon midsole. The shoe also featured all of Michael Jordan's accomplishments on the outsole of the shoe.

text: In 2012, the Air Jordan X was re-released. They are dubbed the "Chicago Bulls", as they are part of a regional pack (City Pack), representing five teams. The lacing and tongue are completely black, and the red inner lining contrasts with the red inserts on the outsole. The outsole's design features a striped (wavy) design, which list many of Jordan's accomplishments. They retailed at $160. The Air Jordan X was released again in an OVO collaboration in 2015 and 2016, releasing in white and black colorways respectively with stingray detailing.

text: The Air Jordan X was originally released from 1994 to 1995. It was retro-ed in 2005, 2008 and 2012–2016.

text: AJ XI:

text: This model was designed by Tinker Hatfield. When the shoe launched, Michael Jordan (retired from basketball by then) was trying in minor baseball leagues. Hatfield designed the sneaker waiting for Jordan to come back and hoping he would play in them.

text: The ballistic mesh upper of the sneaker was meant to make the Air Jordan XI lighter and more durable than the past sneakers. Further changes came with the use of a carbon fiber spring plate in the clear out sole, giving the shoe better torque when turning on the court. The highlight and arguably most well-known aspect of the shoe is the patent leather mudguard. Patent leather was lightweight, when compared to genuine leather, and also tended not to stretch as much – a property to help keep the foot within the bounds of the shoe bed during direction changes on the court. The patent leather gave the XI a "formal" look. When this shoe released, some wore this model with business suits instead of dress shoes.

text: The sneakers were only samples in 1995 when Jordan decided to come back in the NBA. Hatfield and Nike discouraged Michael Jordan playing in them, but when produced he wore them. Also noteworthy, Jordan violated league dress code by wearing the shoes, as his teammates wore all black shoe. He was fined $5,000 for not following the Bulls colorway policy. After the fining, Nike made him a pair of the shoes in a black/white/concord colorway for the series against Orlando. A similar black/white/royal blue colorway was released to the public at the end of 2000. The colorway was changed for the public release because the concord purple had looked like royal blue on TV.

text: Jordan wore the Air Jordan XI model to help the Chicago Bulls claim the 1995–96 NBA Championship, he also wore the Air Jordan XI white Columbia colorway in the 1996 NBA All-Star Game and was selected MVP of the game. The shoes received more media exposure when Michael Jordan wore the Air Jordan XI model in the 1996 animated movie Space Jam. These shoes were eventually released in 2000 and re-released in 2009 with the nickname Space Jams. The concord purple was changed to royal blue for the released versions of the shoe.

text: The Air Jordan XI was originally released from 1995 to 1996. It was retro-ed in 2000, 2001, 2003, and 2006–2017. The Air Jordan XI is the most popular Air Jordan's in the series, and has released almost ritualistically every December since 2008 and sells out within minutes, also it is Tinker Hatfield's favorite. With the Air Jordan XI being the most popular Jordan supply used to be very limited and would cause fans to line up outside of store fronts before releases.

text: AJ XII: Main article: Air Jordan Retro XII

text: The Air Jordan XII was inspired by Nisshoki (the Japanese flag), and a 19th-century women dress boot. However, featuring gold-plated steel lace loops, embossed lizard skin pattern and a full length zoom air unit with a carbon fiber shank plate, this model set a new direction in style and technology in shoe design. Though not as light weight as previous models, the construction and firmness of the shoe is widely considered to be the most durable and sturdy shoes from the Air Jordan line. The first model released after the creation of subsidiary Jordan Brand, the Air Jordan XII has no Nike branding on it of any kind, while all the models before it have Nike Air or other Nike branding outwardly (Air Jordans I-VI) or just simply on the insoles (Air Jordans VII-XI). This shoe came in 5 colorways and was released on March 13. The shoe was re-released on December 25, 2008 with the Eleven as the final countdown pack. In addition, the Twelve was combined with the Thirteen numbered Jordan to produce the 12.5. As of today, the 11/12 countdown package (retro) retails for US$750–US$800, well above the starting price of US$310. The Air Jordan 12 has been subject to many highly limited colorways recently such as the Air Jordan 12 x PSNY collaboration, the Wings colorway that was limited to 12,000 pairs, and the OVO collaboration.

text: The Air Jordan XII was originally released from 1996 to 1997. It was retro-ed in 2003, 2004, 2008, 2009, 2011–2013, and 2015–2017.[13]

text: AJ XIII:

text: In 1997, Air Jordan XIII's were released to the public. This model was known for its cushioning along the feet, designed by Hatfield. The Black Panther was the inspiration for the Air Jordan XIII, the sole resembles the pads on a panther's paw. But also the panther is the hologram on the back of the shoe which imitates a panther's eyes in the dark when light is shined at them. They were re-released in 2005, which coincided with the release of the Air Jordan 8s shoe.

text: In the movie He Got Game, the Air Jordan XIII was worn by Jake Shuttlesworth (Denzel Washington). Ray Allen, who played Jake's son Jesus in the film, wore them when he broke Reggie Miller's all-time record for made three-point shots during a game against the Lakers in Boston during the 2011 season. The Jordan Brand re-released the Air Jordan XIII at the end of 2010, which included the French Blue/Flint Grey, White/Red-Black, "Playoff" color way and the Black/Altitude Green color way. In 2017, Jordan Brand released the "History of Flight" colorway. This colorway is from the 2009 World Basketball Festival, where the "History of Flight" collection was revealed to celebrate Jordan's 25th anniversary.

text: The Air Jordan XIII was originally released from 1997 to 1998. It was retro-ed in 2004, 2005, 2008, 2010–2017.

text: AJ XIV:

text: Inspired by the Ferrari 550 M which Michael Jordan owned, the Air Jordan XIV was originally released from 1997 to 1999. It was re-released in 2005, 2006, 2008, 2011, 2012 and 2014–2017.

text: The Air Jordan XIV co-styled by the famous Tinker Hatfield and Mark Smith was made race ready and equipped with the Jordan Jumpman insignia on a Ferrari shaped badge. In addition, these shoes include breathable air ducts on the outer sole. The color scheme of predominant black accentuated with red was nicknamed "The Last Shot" because Michael Jordan wore them as he hit the game winning shot over Bryon Russell, of the Utah Jazz, in his final game with the Chicago Bulls in the 1998 NBA Finals.

text: There are 14 Jumpman logos on Air Jordan XIV's—7 on each shoe—corresponding the shoes' number in the series. They can be found in the following places:

text:
Near the toebox x 1
Shield Logo near the achilles heel x 1
Above the number "23" at the heel x 1
At the bottom sole (middle part) x 1
Steel Lacetips x 2
Insoles x 1

text: AJ XV:

text: The Air Jordan XVs were released in 1999–2000. Reggie Miller wore it during the 2000 NBA Finals.

text: This was the first shoe after Jordan's retirement. The design of the XV's originated from the aircraft prototype X-15, which was developed by NASA during the 1950s. The sides of the XV were made from woven kevlar fibre. The Jordan XV's were the first Air Jordan's to be negatively received in a while (the last being the Air Jordan 2's), because the quality on the Jordan shoes was bad.[14]

text: The Air Jordan XV was originally released from 1999 to 2000. It was retro-ed in 2007, 2008 and 2017.

text: AJ XVI:

text: Air Jordan XVIs, designed by Nike's Senior Footwear Designer Wilson Smith, were released in 2001. This meaning it was the first design since the II's that Tinker Hatfield was not behind. Smith decided to bring in a few design elements/fabrics from earlier releases. The shoe featured the return of the clear rubber sole (V, VI, XI) and patent leather (XI).

text: Unique to the Air Jordan XVI was a gaiter/shroud that covered the shoe and could be removed to give the shoe a new look. Not only was this for fashion purposes, it also had a thermal functionality.

text: The shoe was said to be stiff and that the shroud/gaiter could easily fall off when playing basketball. The black/red and white/midnight navy versions of the shoe both featured patent leather which very easily creased and cracked.[15]

text: The Air Jordan XVI was originally released in 2001. It was retro-ed in 2008, 2014 and 2016.

text: AJ XVII:

text: This pair of Jordan's come equipped with Keefer, which held the shoes and a compact disc containing the Air Jordan XVII song. The retail price of the shoe was US$200. The defining functional design element of the Air Jordan XVII model, which was later replicated on the Air Jordan XXIII model, was the reinforced mid-sole which provided a sturdy and stable chassis for the shoe. They were made in four mid top colors and three low-top colors.

text: The Air Jordan XVII was originally released in 2002. It was retro-ed in 2008 and 2016.

text: AJ XVIII:

text: The Air Jordan XVIII shoe was released in 2003, and was the shoe for Jordan's last season, in which he played for the Washington Wizards.

text: The shoe was designed by Air Jordan Senior Footwear Designer, Tate Kuerbis, a person that had been part of the Jordan footwear design team since 1999 and with Nike since 1995. The inspiration for the design came from a number of things; sleek racing lines of the auto world, carbon fibre-based monocoque of F1 race cars, race car driving shoes (rubber heel wrap) and Fine Italian dress shoes (bold stitching on the soles).

text: The Air Jordan XVIII was originally released from 2003 to 2004. It was retro-ed in 2008.

text: AJ XIX:

text: Released in 2004, this is the first Jordan release after his third, and final, retirement which came after the 2002–03 NBA season. The design was inspired by the Black Mamba snake, and two original colorways where released: white/flint grey and black/red. Three regional colorways and three special edition colorways were released. They consisted of the East, West, and Midwest edition for regular and West, East, and Olympic for the SE (special edition).

text: The Air Jordan XIX used innovative materials. The upper section of shoe was developed in collaboration with the global materials consultancy Material ConneXion, who sourced Nike a sleeving normally used in architectural applications for protecting PVC pipes from bursting. In theory, this allowed for a shoe without laces, because the sleeving does not stretch. Nonetheless, the Air Jordan XIX model did include a set of laces behind the sleeve to better secure the shoe. They are the lightest Air Jordans ever made.[citation needed]

text: The Air Jordan XIX was originally released in 2004. It was retro-ed in 2008.

text: AJ XX:

text: The Air Jordan XX was also inspired by bicycling shoes. The strap was placed in the center of the shoe over the laces. It also helped to create a tighter fit and increased support.

text: The Air Jordan XX was originally released in 2005. It was retro-ed in 2008 and 2015.

text: AJ XXI:

text: The Air Jordan XXI model of shoes was designed by D'Wayne Edwards and inspired by sport touring vehicles. The shoe features lower-foot air grilles, double-overlasted Phylon midsole, a carbon fibre shank plate and a seamless diamond-quilted booty. It also has a tenable I.P.S. suspension system that lets the wearer choose between Zoom and Encapsulated air.

text: The Air Jordan XXI was introduced on television by the "Second Generation" advertisement.

text: The Air Jordan XXI was originally released in 2006. It was retro-ed in 2008.

text: AJ XX2:

text: The Air Jordan XX2/XXII shoe model, designed by D'Wayne Edwards, was released on March 24, 2007. The original retail price of the model was US$175. The aggressive and sharp design was inspired by the F-22 Raptor fighter jet. Some technical features of the shoe include an updated visible and interchangeable I.P.S. suspension system, a new metallic mesh for ventilation, the Air Jordan camouflage pattern printed in reflective 3M material, and an updated traction system, based on an army general's stripes.

text: Two special editions of the Air Jordan XX2 model were released. The first edition was released for Jordan's birthday on February 17. This edition featured authentic Jordan Brand basketball leather. The second edition was the Omega model, part of the Alpha-Omega package. This model featured a laser-etched image of Jordan after he won his sixth NBA championship in 1998.

text: An entirely new line of Air Jordan XX2/XXII shoes called the released, with these shoes worn by NBA players from the Atlanta Hawks, Denver Nuggets, Detroit Pistons, and Dallas Mavericks. This Air Jordan model featured a new strap around the heel and ankle.

text: The promo commercial for the XX2 was directed by Mark Romanek.[16]

text: The Air Jordan XX2 was originally released in 2007. It was retro-ed in 2008.

text: AJ XX3:

text: The Air Jordan XX3 was designed by Tinker Hatfield. It was a unique model, being the first basketball shoe to be included in the "Nike Considered" category, for using materials from not more than 200 miles from a Nike Factory. It features a hand-stitched exterior, full-length bootie, carbon fiber shank plate, the last to feature interchangeable IPS pillars, and an articulated chassis. The shoe was released on January 25, 2008, and was the last Air Jordan until the XX8 to have Roman numeral identification.

text: The Air Jordan XX3 was originally released in 2008. It was retro-ed in 2015–2016.

text: AJ 2009:

text: The Air Jordan 2009 was designed by Jason Mayden and was the first Air Jordan model named after the year of its release rather than its numbered system. Inspired by Jordan's defensive focus, the shoe incorporates Articulated Propulsion Technology used by Paralympian runners. It also features a durable pleated silk upper, protective TPU chassis, carbon fiber arch plate and Zoom Air structure. The shoe was released on January 31, 2009.

text: The Air Jordan 2009 was originally released in 2009. It has not been retro-ed.

text: AJ 2010:

text: This is the 25th anniversary of the Air Jordan brand, and although commonly called the Jordan 2010s, is also referred to as Air Jordan XX5/XXV. This model of shoe was announced on November 12, 2009, for a release date of February 13, 2010, retailing for US$170. Dwyane Wade is endorsing the AJ 2010.

text: The base of the each mid-sole has stylized text that when combined reads: "I've failed over and over and over again in my life. And that is why I succeed." This quote was originally attributed to Michael Jordan, and is a reference to an advertising campaign that aired in 1997 with Jordan detailing his failures that led to his success in his career.

text: The Air Jordan 2010 was originally released in 2010. It has not been retro-ed.

text: AJ 2011:

text: The Air Jordan 2011 was endorsed by Dwyane Wade in 2011, Jordan Brand decided to keep the fans happy with the release of the Air Jordan 2011. The shoe has inter-changeable insoles- The Red, "Explosive" one is claimed to symbolize power, and a Blue, "Quick" one, supposedly for quickness. Four colorways of the shoe were released on February 19, 2011 in correspondence with the 2011 All Star Game. The first colorway was White/Black. There were also White/Red and White/Blue colorways that coincided with the East/West Jersey Colors. The "Year of the Rabbit" colorway was a limited release that celebrated of Michael Jordan's Chinese zodiac sign, coinciding with the current zodiac sign, the Year of the Rabbit.

text: The 2011 has a unique design along both sides of the shoe. It is a star-constellation pattern that also serves as breathing holes for the shoe to keep it well ventilated. It uses patent leather wrapped around the shoe. The shoes are hand burnished and crafted. A dress shoe that feels similar to the XI was reported to be the goal. o The Air Jordan 2011 was originally released in 2011. It has not been retro-ed.

text: AJ 2012:

text: Air Jordan 2012 offers six customization configurations. Two interchangeable sleeves and three insoles adapt to different playing styles. The Deluxe model was launched on February 8, while the customization Flight models were released on February 25, 2012. It was the final Air Jordan model to be named after the year it was released as the numbered system returned in 2013 with the Air Jordan XX8.

text: The Air Jordan 2012 was originally released in 2012. It has not been retro-ed.

text: AJ XX8:

text: The Air Jordan XX8, designed by Tinker Hatfield, was released on February 16, 2013. This premiere model featuring a mostly black upper and volt Dynamic Fit bootie. A heel and forefoot Nike Zoom unit in combination with the new Jordan Flight Plate, Dynamic Fit straps for increased support, a carbon fiber heel counter for additional support, and its most notable feature, the mesh upper for flexibility and ventilation. Jordan Brand has decided for 2013 to returning to the Air Jordan numbered order after having stopped at XX3. The Air Jordan 2012 featured different technology which including interchangeable insoles for various styles of play, a concept introduced with the Kobe System. The exterior shroud gives the shoe a sleeker look than any other and is 8 inches high on the ankle but unzips and folds down revealing the bright volt green interior.

text: AJ XX9:

text: The Air Jordan XX9, also designed by Hatfield, released in September 2014 in both an elephant print and a knit edition. The shoe has already been debuted in the NBA by Russell Westbrook and Kawhi Leonard. The shoe has Flight Web for superior lockdown, a performance woven upper for comfort, support, strength, and protection, and a re-engineered Flight Plate. The XX9 also released in a pack alongside the iconic Air Jordan XI on December 23, 2014 called the "Ultimate Gift of Flight" pack.[17]

text: AJ XXX:

text: The Air Jordan XXX (30) debuted on January 14, 2016 at an exclusive media event in Chicago. It was again designed by Tinker Hatfield. The first colorway of the shoe released on February 16.[18] The shoe consists of an upper and outsole very similar to that of the XX9 of the previous year. The upper is a combination of performance woven and flyknit that is new for the brand in 2016, and also has a flyknit-constructed ankle collar that extends slightly past where the collar of the shoe would normally be. Jordan brand has also brought back functional Dynamic Fit in the lacing system. The outsole/midsole is almost identical to the XX9, with very minor technical tweaks. The outsole boasts a more noticeable change, with a different traction pattern unique to this shoe, while the midsole remains almost entirely the same. The only difference in the midlsole cushioning setup from the Jordan XX9 is a material change in the FlightPlate setup, which is now named FlightSpeed and is constructed of a plastic rather than carbon fiber for more flexibility while remaining structural integrity.

text: AJ XXXI

text: The Air Jordan XXXI (31) was unveiled on July 20, 2016. The sneaker is heavily influenced by the Air Jordan 1's having a leather upper and both a Nike swoosh and a Jumpman plus a Jordan "Wings" logo.[19] Its first retail debut was on September 3, 2016 in the "banned" colorway for $185 alongside its air Jordan 1 counterpart.[19] Notable appearances of the AJ 31 include the "USA" colorway worn during the 2016 Olympic basketball tournament by members of team USA.[20]Basketball at the 2016 Summer Olympics – Men's team rosters.

text: Other shoes from the Air Jordan line[edit]

text: The Jordan Packages[edit]

text: "Spizike"[edit]

text: Michael Jordan and Spike Lee released the Jordan Spiz'ike shoes on October 21, 2006, as a tribute to their historic relationship.[21] The relationship began when Mars Blackmon (a character from Spike Lee's film, She's Gotta Have It) became the primary pitchman in Nike commercials for Air Jordans. The Spiz'ike is a mash-up of the Jordan III, IV, V, VI, Air Jordan IX and XX shoes. Only 4,567 pairs were made of the original release,[21] with all of the proceeds going to Morehouse College.[citation needed] The number 40 represents Spike Lee's film company, 40 Acres & A Mule Filmworks, and the number 23 represents Michael Jordan's jersey number.[citation needed] Each future release of the shoes varied the colors used.

text: "Defining Moments"

text: Released in 2006 retailing at $295 containing the sneakers Michael Jordan wore during his first championship of his two three-peats. The retro 11 concord contains a gold Jumpman on the side, but originally was meant to also have gold eyelets spelling out Jordan was changed because of color bleeding. The retro 6 black infrared replaces its infrared for gold as well. Both shoes contained dog tags to reference the title won and a booklet showcasing a slam dunk highlight of the game and concept art of the shoe. Some of the original DMP retro 11 concords have surfaced and are considered some of the rarest air Jordan's.[22]

text: "Defining Moments II"

text: The "raging bull pack" retailed for $310 and drew inspiration from the running of the bull that takes place every year in Spain. The pack contains two air Jordan 5s the toro bravo and the 3m. The toro bravo is a red suede sneaker one of the first of its kind, it takes inspiration from the red bandanas worn by the runners. The second pair is the 3m named after its reflective coating. Both shoes come in a wood gate exterior graphic box with double sided slide out, originally released in 2009.[23]

text: "Defining Moments III"[edit]

text: The Jordan Brand released a third "Defining Moments" package on July 11, 2009. The 60+ Air Jordan Retro 1 Package is inspired by Jordan scoring 63 points on the Celtics in a double overtime playoff game during his second year. The Air Jordan Retro 1 60+ Package features a re-release of the sneakers that Jordan wore during that game, and a Retro Air Jordan 1 inspired by the Celtics colors and the parquet floors from the old Boston Garden.

text: "Defining Moments IV"[edit]

text: The Jordan Brand released a fourth "Defining Moments" package on August 15, 2009. This package, also known as the Orlando 60+ pack, consists of the Jordan 7 black and red. Also included is a second pair of Air Jordan 's. The "Orlando" pair features a white leather upper with black and blue accents. The blue accents featured a cracked print. The black tongue had black pinstripes which represented the black pinstriped Orlando jersey of the 1990s.

text: Retro 6 Infrared Pack[edit]

text: The Jordan 6 white/infrared and black/infrared was released February 14, 2013, at a retail price of US$170. This is the second of the same colorway retro in Jordan Brand history. The first time retro on both colorways were in 2000, they were retro separately. This time, the retro distinguished with the previous release. The heel logo are using Jumpman logo instead of Nike Air logo, this is the most significant difference between these two re-releases. Jordan Brand started using Jumpman logo

text: "Old Love New Love"[edit]

text: The Jordan Brand released their second two-pair package named the "Old Love New Love" (OLNL), which consisted of the Air Jordan I Retro model in Mid White/Black-Varsity Red (Black Toes) and Black/Varsity-Maize/White. It was released on April 21, 2007. The Old Love New Love package was sold for $200.00. The pack represented Jordan's passions, the old love being basketball the new love being motorcycle racing.[24]

text: Air Jordan Brand released 5 new colorways including one that is themed after another Spike Lee's "Do The Right Thing."

text: There will be more colors of the Air Jordan Spizikes released than of the recent Air Jordan 3 retro re-release. The Air Jordan "Spiz'ikes" take pieces from the following Air Jordans:

text:
Air Jordan 3 – sole, midsole, and "Spike"/elephant print
Air Jordan 4 – "wings" on the sides of the shoes that hold lace loops to place

text: "Air Jordan Sixty Plus"[edit]

text: The first Jordan Sixty Plus was released in August 2009. The Jordan 6ixty Plus (60+) is a hybrid sneaker from Jordan Brand that combines the various sneakers Michael Jordan wore when he scored 60 or more points in an NBA Game. In these games, MJ was wearing the Jordan I, II, V and VII. Inspiration came from the Air Jordan 5 because he was wearing those when he scored his career high of 69 points.

text:
Air Jordan 1 – Toebox shape and perforations
Air Jordan 2 – Snakeskin accents, rear TPU, lower Eyelets, Jordan "Wings" logo on tongue
Air Jordan 5 – Midsole/Outsole, shape of tongue, Lacelock, mold of upper near ankle, higher eyelets, "Air Jordan" tag inside of tongue
Air Jordan 7 – Perforations on side panel, "gap" between ankle area and body of shoe, graphics on tongue, heel tab, 23 on rear TPU

text: "Jordan Son of Mars edition"[edit]

text: The "Jordan Son of Mars" is an Air Jordan hybrid shoe, that released in the Summer of 2012. It borrows prominent design elements from the Air Jordan III, IV, V, VI, and XX. It also retains a strap across the shoe laces, that is a custom modification with a design that seems to be elephant print but is instead a series of relevant icons, etc. The Jordan Son Of Mars was birthed from the Spizike, which was originally inspired by all the Jordan shoes made in collaboration with famous urban director Spike Lee. Son of Mars is a sneaker directly influenced by Spike Lee's longtime involvement with the brand, as the shoe pieces together models in which Spike (or Mars Blackmon rather) had a hand in launching.

text: The shoe breakdown begins with elements from the first Tinker Hatfield years, Mars Blackmon; Lee's loudmouthed character first appeared alongside Michael Jordan for the release of the Air Jordan III, a sneaker whose immediately recognizable elephant print bookends the Jordan Son of Mars, with sectioning on the back end and towards the toe. Next the Air Jordan IV, which is pretty conspicuous in this hybrid release, shows up only in the form of the netting running below the laces. The sole gottem ion is all Air Jordan V, as the coveted icy treatment splashes across the bottom and the angular 'teeth' of the midsole rear up towards the toe. The V actually extends its reach to the top end too, with the textured Jumpman tongue bursting out from the familiar see-through lacelocks. Building up the ankle area is the higher-hitting support of the Air Jordan VI, complete with the attached loop on back and the perforated paneling reaching up the side of the shoe. The midsection which completes the sneaker is a major fast-forward, leaping ahead to the Air Jordan XX in the form of the lasered strap.

text: The Jordan Son of Mars takes on one of the favorite color schemes in the Jordan Brand line.

text: "Air Jordan Collezione/Countdown packages"[edit]

text: This package consisted of two variations of Retro Air Jordan, in which each model number equaled 23. So the Retro I was released in a package with the Retro XXII, the Retro II with the Retro XXI, etc.

text: "Air Jordan X/XIII "[edit]

text: The first Countdown package consisted of the reintroduced Air Jordan XIII model in white/black-true red. The package also included a pair of the shadow grey Air Jordan X model with the number 23 stitched on the side of the shoes. The package cost US$400.00 and was released January 19, 2008.

text: "Air Jordan IX/XIV"[edit]

text: The second Countdown package consisted of the Air Jordan Retro XIV model in Black/Varsity Red which was similar to the Air Jordan "Last Shot" XIV model though it consisted of a white stitching on the sides, a different color outer arch, and a different colored Jumpman logo on the side. The other Air Jordan was the Air Jordan Retro IX model in a White/Black/True Red colorway. The package retailed for US$310.00 and was released March 15, 2008.

text: "Air Jordan XXI/II"[edit]

text: The third Countdown package consisted of the Air Jordan Retro II model in White/Varsity Red. The other Air Jordan in this package was the Air Jordan Retro XXI model in Black/Varsity Red. The package retailed US$310.00 and was released April 26, 2009.

text: "Air Jordan XVII/VI"[edit]

text: The fourth Countdown package consisted of the Air Jordan Retro VI model in White/Carmine. The other Air Jordan in this package would be Air Jordan Retro XVII model in Black/Metallic Silver. The package cost US$310.00and was released May 24, 2008.

text: "Air Jordan XII/XI"[edit]

text: The final Countdown package consisted of the Air Jordan Retro XI model in Varsity Red/Black. The other Air Jordan in this package was the Air Jordan Retro XII model in Black/White. The package retailed for US$310.00.

text: Jordan Fusions[edit]

text: This line of sneakers consist of a fusion of several Air Jordan and Air Force One Models.

text: Air Jordan XII Air Force One Fusion[edit]

text: A fusion between the Air Jordan XII model and the Midtop Air Force One model.

text: Air Jordan III Air Force One Fusion[edit]

text: A fusion between the Air Jordan III model and the Air Force One model.

text: Air Jordan V Air Force One Fusion[edit]

text: This package is the only original colorway of the Air Jordan V model that was not released in the last round of re-releases. Like the Air Jordan V model, the outsole is a mix of black and clear rubber; there is no visible air sole unit in these shoes. The shoe a rubber loop in the back, middle upright cotton jumpman, rubber tongue, and the lace lock first was brought in an infrared colorway. It is said Michael Jordan wears these shoes in his practice games.

text: Air Jordan VI Air Force One[edit]

text: A fusion between the Air Jordan VI and the Air Force One model.

text: Air Jordan XX Air Force One Fusion[edit]

text: A fusion between the Air Jordan XX and the Air Force One model. These feature the same laser upper as the original XX but replace the ankle strap and sole with that of the Air Force One. Has the numbers one through till six on the heel to represent Jordan's 6 championships ever.

text: Air Jordan IV Air Force One Fusion[edit]

text: A fusion between the Air Jordan IV and the Air Force One model.

text: Air Jordan VIII Air Force One Fusion[edit]

text: A fusion between the Air Jordan VIII and the Midtop Air Force One model.

text: Air Jordan IX Air Force One Fusion[edit]

text: A fusion between the Air Jordan IX and the Air Force One model.

text: Air Jordan X Air Force One Fusion[edit]

text: A fusion between the Air Jordan X and the Midtop Air Force One model.

text: Air Jordan XIII Air Force One Fusion[edit]

text: A fusion between the Air Jordan XIII and the Midtop Air Force One model.

text: Jordan "6 Rings" shoe[edit]

text: The Jordan 6 Rings (aka Jordan Six Rings) is a combination of the seven Air Jordan shoes that Michael Jordan wore during his 6 Championship seasons. That includes the Air Jordan 6, 7, 8, 11, 12, 13 and 14. The Jordan Brand company released the "6 Rings" shoes starting in September 2008.

text: The Jordan Brand released colorways representative of each team that the Chicago Bulls defeated in each of their six championship seasons during the 1990s. The colorways include colors borrowed from the following teams: the L.A. Lakers, Portland Trail Blazers, Phoenix Suns, the former Seattle SuperSonics, and Utah Jazz, each shoe of which includes laser-etched graphics detailing specific aspects about that particular championship series, the city of the competing team and so forth. Many other colorways exist and Jordan Brand continues to release additional colors that pay tribute to different Jordan and Nike shoes along with new colorways specific to 6 Rings shoes.

text: There even exists a "winterized 6 rings" which are a modified 6 Rings shoe turned into a durable boot designed for the outdoors which changes some of the design and placement of the inspired pieces and parts from the Air Jordans the shoe pays tribute.

text: Of particular note, there is an Olympic colorway, a Nelly version apparently inspired by the rap artist Nelly and a shoe that combines the colors of all the teams that the Bulls defeated in the NBA Finals, acting as the 'sixth shoe' since only five separate teams were defeated for the Bulls to win six championships; the Utah Jazz was defeated twice, in 1997 and 1998.

text:
Air Jordan 6: Heel tab "spoiler", Jumpman on heel from retro 6 models, and lace locks
Air Jordan 7: Nike Huarache style inner sock and perforated air holes in the mudguard of the upper
Air Jordan 8: Chenille carpet-style sections on the tongue surrounding the Jumpman logo, dual velcro straps, the shape of the "23" printed on the lace locks and the colors on the midfoot arch plate on the sole
Air Jordan 11: Silhouette of upper, lace eyestays on certain models and patent leather mudguard
Air Jordan 12: TWO 3 embroidered on the tongue and metal lace loops at top of the ankle
Air Jordan 13: Midsole "pods" and panther paw-shaped outsole
Air Jordan 14: Small Jumpman logo embroidered at the top

text: Controversy[edit]

text: The Air Jordan line has been associated with many riots, assaults, robberies, and murders, such as the murder of a 15-year-old high school student named Michael Eugene Thomas who was choked to death by one of his peers for a pair of Air Jordan sneakers in 1989.[25][26][26][27][28][29][30][31]

text: In 1988, the then-principal of Mumford High School mentioned that clothing-related violence had reached a point where he felt it was necessary to ban certain items of clothing, including the Air Jordan sneaker, from the school grounds.[32] This ban was the first of many dress codes implemented in schools after the wave of robberies, beatings, and shootings over possession of Air Jordan sneakers and other items of clothing.[33]

text: Manufacturing[edit]

text: Nike owns none of the factories where Air Jordans are produced and contracts the work to various factory owners. Company officials say that they only advertise and market the shoes. However, Nike dictates production terms and standards to the contractor, often without questioning labor or safety practices. In April 1997, 10,000 Indonesian workers went on strike over wage violations at an Air Jordan factory. The same month in Vietnam 1,300 workers went on strike demanding a 1-cent-per-hour raise, and a year later in 1998, 3,000 workers in China went on strike to protest hazardous working conditions and low wages cause.[34]

text: Notes[edit]

text: Jump up ^ The date the "Air Jordan I" was released.[1]


question_text: give an example of a musical work of prokofiev

root

text: By genre[edit]

text: Opera[edit]

text:
The Giant (1900)
On Desert Islands (1900; unfinished)
A Feast in Time of Plague (Prokofiev opera) (1903, rev. 1908–09; unfinished)
Undina (1904–07)
Maddalena, Op. 13 (1911–13; unfinished)
Igrok (The Gambler), Op. 24 (1915–16, rev. 1927); after Fyodor Dostoevsky
The Love for Three Oranges, Op. 33 (1919)
The Fiery Angel, Op. 37 (1919–27)
Semyon Kotko, Op. 81 (1939)
Betrothal in a Monastery, Op. 86 (1940–41)
War and Peace, Op. 91 (1941–52); after Leo Tolstoy
Khan Buzay (1942; unfinished)
The Story of a Real Man, Op. 117 (1947–48)
Distant Seas (1948; unfinished)

tag: ul

text: Ballets[edit]

text:
Ala i Lolli, Op. 20 (1914–15), mostly incorporated into Scythian Suite (see below)
Chout / The Tale of the Buffoon, Op. 21 (1915, rev. 1920)
Trapeze, Op. 39 (1924), mostly incorporated into Quintet, Op. 39 (1924) (see Chamber Music below)
Le pas d'acier / The Steel Step, Op. 41 (1925–26)
The Prodigal Son, Op. 46 (1928–29)
On the Dnieper / Sur le Borysthène, Op. 51 (1930–31)
Romeo and Juliet, Op. 64 (1935–36), includes Montagues and Capulets
Cinderella, Op. 87 (1940–44)
The Tale of the Stone Flower, Op. 118 (1948–53)

text: Incidental music[edit]

text:
Egyptian Nights (1934)
Boris Godunov, Op. 70bis (1936)
Eugene Onegin, Op. 71 (1936)
Hamlet, Op. 77 (1937–38)

text: Film music[edit]

text:
Lieutenant Kijé (1934), also arranged as an orchestral suite (see below)
The Queen of Spades (1936), after Pushkin
Alexander Nevsky (1938), film directed by Sergei Eisenstein (also exists in the form of a cantata, see below)
Lermontov (1941)
Kotovsky (1942)
Tonya (1942)
The Partisans in the Ukrainian Steppes (1942)
Ivan the Terrible, Op. 116 (1942–45), film directed by Sergei Eisenstein (also exists in various concert forms arranged by various people)

text: Symphonies[edit]

text:
Symphonies – two juvenile: Symphony (1902) and Symphony (1908)
Symphony No. 1 in D Classical, Op. 25  (1916–17)
Symphony No. 2 in D minor, Op. 40 (1924–25)
Symphony No. 3 in C minor, Op. 44 (1928)
Symphony No. 4 in C (original version), Op. 47 (1929–30)
Symphony No. 5 in B♭, Op. 100 (1944)
Symphony No. 6 in E♭ minor, Op. 111 (1945–47)
Symphony No. 4 in C (revised version), Op. 112 (1947)
Symphony No. 7 in C♯ minor, Op. 131 (1951–52)
Symphony No. 2 in D minor (revised version), Op. 136 (1953; unrealized)

text: Orchestral suites[edit]

text:
Suites (3) from "Romeo and Juliet"
Suite No. 1, Op. 64bis (1936)
Suite No. 2, Op. 64ter (1936)
Suite No. 3, Op. 101 (1946)
Suites (3) from "Cinderella"
Suite No. 1, Op. 107 (1946)
Suite No. 2, Op. 108 (1946)
Suite No. 3, Op. 109 (1946)
Suites (4) from "The Tale of the Stone Flower"
Wedding Suite, Op. 126 (1951)
Gypsy Fantasy, Op. 127 (1951)
Urals Rhapsody, Op. 128 (1951)
The Mistress of Copper Mountain Op. 129 (1951; unfinished)
Scythian Suite, Op. 20 (from "Ala i Lolli") (1914–15)
Suite from "Chout", Op. 21bis (1920)
Suite from "The Love for Three Oranges", Op. 33bis (1919, rev. 1924)
Vocal Suite from "The Fiery Angel", Op. 37bis (1923; incomplete)
Suite from "Le pas d'acier", Op. 41bis (1926)
Suite from "The Prodigal Son", Op. 46bis (1929)
Suite from "The Gambler" ("Four Portraits and Denouement"), Op. 49 (1931)
Suite from "On the Dnieper", Op. 51bis (1933)
Suite from "Lieutenant Kijé", Op. 60 (1934)
Suite from "Egyptian Nights", Op. 61 (1938)
Suite from "Semyon Kotko", Op. 81bis (1941)
Waltz Suite, Op. 110 (1946) (includes waltzes from "War and Peace," "Cinderella," and "Lermontov")
Summer Night, suite from "Betrothal in a Monastery", Op. 123 (1950)

text: Other orchestral works[edit]

text:
Sinfonietta in A (original version), Op. 5 (1909)
Dreams, Op. 6 (1910)
Autumnal, Op. 8 (1910)
Andante from Piano Sonata No. 4, arranged for orchestra, Op. 29bis (1934)
Overture on Hebrew Themes, Op. 34bis (based on chamber version) (1934)
American Overture, Op. 42 (1926), for 17 instruments
American Overture, Op. 42bis (1928), for full orchestra
Divertimento, Op. 43 (1925–29) (also exists in a piano transcription, see transcriptions for piano below)
Sinfonietta in A (revised version of Op. 5), Op. 48 (1929)
Andante from String Quartet No. 1, arranged for string orchestra, Op. 50bis (1930)
Symphonic Song, Op. 57 (1933)
Russian Overture, Op. 72 (1936) (2 differently orchestrated versions)
Symphonic March, Op. 88 (1941)
The Year 1941, Op. 90 (1941)
Ode to the End of the War, Op. 105 (1945), for winds, 8 harps, 4 pianos, percussion, and double basses
Thirty Years, Op. 113 (1947), festive poem for orchestra
Pushkin Waltzes, Op. 120 (1949)
The Meeting of the Volga and the Don, Op. 130 (1951), festive poem for orchestra

text: Concertos[edit]

text:
Piano:
Piano Concerto No. 1 in D♭, Op. 10 (1911–12)
Piano Concerto No. 2 in G minor, Op. 16 (1912–13, lost, re-written in 1923)
Piano Concerto No. 3 in C, Op. 26 (1917–21)
Piano Concerto No. 4 in B♭, Op. 53 (1931), for left hand (written for Paul Wittgenstein)
Piano Concerto No. 5 in G, Op. 55 (1932)
Piano Concerto No. 6, Op. 134 (1953–unfinished)
Violin:
Violin Concerto No. 1 in D, Op. 19 (1916–17)
Violin Concerto No. 2 in G minor, Op. 63 (1935)
Cello:
Cello Concerto in E minor, Op. 58 (1933–38)
Symphony-Concerto for Cello and Orchestra in E minor, Op. 125 (1950–52)
Cello Concertino in G minor, Op. 132 (1953–unfinished) (one version completed by Kabalevsky, another by Vladimir Blok)

text: Vocal orchestral[edit]

text:
Two Poems for Female Chorus and Orchestra, Op. 7 (1909–10)
The Ugly Duckling, Op. 18 (1914), for soprano and orchestra
Seven, They are Seven, Op. 30 (1917–18, rev. 1933), cantata for tenor, chorus, and large orchestra
Melodie, Op. 35bis (1920), for female voice and orchestra
Vocal Suite from The Fiery Angel, Op. 37bis (1923–incomplete)
Peter and the Wolf, Op. 67 (1936), a children's story for narrator and orchestra
Cantata for the 20th Anniversary of the October Revolution, Op. 74 (1936–37), cantata for 2 choruses, orchestra, military band, accordion band, and percussion band
Songs of Our Days, Op. 76 (1937), for chorus and orchestra
Alexander Nevsky, Op. 78 (1939), cantata for mezzo-soprano, chorus, and orchestra
Zdravitsa, Op. 85 (1939), cantata for chorus and orchestra (also known as 'Hail to Stalin')
Ballad of an Unknown Boy, Op. 93 (1942–43), for soloists, chorus, and orchestra
Flourish, Mighty Land, Op. 114 (1947), cantata for chorus and orchestra
Winter Bonfire, Op. 122 (1949–50), for boy's choir and small orchestra
On Guard for Peace, Op. 124 (1950), cantata for chorus and orchestra

text: Choral[edit]

text:
Six Songs, Op. 66 (1935)
Seven Songs and a March, Op. 89 (1941–42)
National Anthem and All-Union Hymn, Op. 98 (1943 and 1946)
Soldiers' Marching Song, Op. 121 (1950)

text: Songs[edit]

text:
Two Poems, Op. 9 (1910–11)
The Ugly Duckling, Op. 18 (1914)
Five Poems, Op. 23 (1915)
Five Poems after Akhmatova, Op. 27 (1916)
Five Songs Without Words, Op. 35 (1920)
Five Poems after Bal'mont, Op. 36 (1921)
Five Kazakh Songs (1927)
Two Songs from Lieutenant Kijé, Op. 60bis (1934)
Three Children's Songs, Op. 68 (1936)
Three Romances after Pushkin, Op. 73 (1936)
Three Songs from Alexander Nevsky, Op. 78bis (1939)
Seven Songs, Op. 79 (1939)
Twelve Russian Folksongs, Op. 104 (1944)
Two Duets, Op. 106 (1945)
Broad and Deep the River Flows (1957)

text: Chamber music[edit]

text:
Humoresque scherzo, Op. 12bis (1915) (for four bassoons)
Overture on Hebrew Themes, Op. 34 (1919) (for clarinet, string quartet and piano)
Quintet in G minor, Op. 39 (1924) (for oboe, clarinet, violin, viola and double bass)
String Quartet No. 1 in B minor, Op. 50 (1930)
Sonata for Two Violins in C, Op. 56 (1932)
String Quartet No. 2 in F, Op. 92 (1941)

text: Instrumental[edit]

text:
Violin
Five Melodies for Violin and Piano, Op. 35bis (1925)
Violin Sonata No. 1 in F minor, Op. 80 (1946)
Violin Sonata No. 2 in D, Op. 94a (1943; based on Flute Sonata in D, Op. 94)
Sonata for Solo Violin / Unison Violins in D, Op. 115 (1947)
Cello
Ballade for Cello and Piano, Op. 15 (1912)
Adagio for Cello and Piano, Op. 97bis (1944)
Cello Sonata in C, Op. 119 (1949)
Sonata for Solo Cello in C♯ minor (completed posthumously by Vladimir Blok), Op. 134 (1952, completed 1972)
Flute
Flute Sonata in D, Op. 94 (1943)

text: Piano sonatas[edit]

text:
Piano Sonatas – six juvenile: 1904, 1907 (revised for Op.1), 1907 (revised for Op.28), 1907–08, 1908 (revised for Op.29), 1908–09
Piano Sonata No. 1 in F minor, Op. 1 (1907–09)
Piano Sonata No. 2 in D minor, Op. 14 (1912)
Piano Sonata No. 3 in A minor, Op. 28 (1907–17)
Piano Sonata No. 4 in C minor, Op. 29 (1908–17)
Piano Sonata No. 5 in C major (original version), Op. 38 (1923)
Piano Sonata No. 6 in A major, Op. 82 (1939–40)
Piano Sonata No. 7 in B♭ major Stalingrad, Op. 83 (1939–42)
Piano Sonata No. 8 in B♭ major, Op. 84 (1939–44)
Piano Sonata No. 9 in C major, Op. 103 (1947)
Piano Sonata No. 5 in C major (revised version), Op. 135 (1952–53)
Piano Sonata No. 10 in E minor, Op. 137 (unfinished) (1952)
Piano Sonata No. 11, Op. 138 (unrealized)

text: Other piano works[edit]

text:
Four Etudes for Piano, Op. 2 (1909)
Four Pieces for Piano, Op. 3 (1911)
Four Pieces for Piano, Op. 4 (1910–12)
Toccata in D minor, Op. 11 (1912)
Ten Pieces for Piano, Op. 12 (1906–13)
Sarcasms, five pieces for piano, Op. 17 (1912–14)
Visions fugitives, 20 pieces for piano, Op. 22 (1915–17)
Tales of an Old Grandmother, Op. 31 (1918)
Four Pieces for Piano, Op. 32 (1918)
Schubert Waltzes (1920)
Fantasia on Scheherazade (1926)
Things in Themselves, 2 pieces for piano, Op. 45 (1928)
Two Sonatinas for Piano, Op. 54 (1931–32)
Three Pieces for Piano, Op. 59 (1933–34)
Pensées, 3 pieces for piano, Op. 62 (1933–34)
Music for Children, 12 easy pieces, Op. 65 (1935)
Dumka (after 1933)

text: Transcriptions for piano[edit]

text:
March and Scherzo from "The Love for Three Oranges", Op. 33ter (1922)
Divertissement, Op. 43bis (1938)
Six Pieces for Piano, Op. 52 from a variety of sources (1930–31)
Ten Pieces from "Romeo and Juliet", Op. 75 (1937)
Gavotte from "Hamlet", Op. 77bis (1938)
Three Pieces from "Cinderella", Op. 95 (1942)
Three Pieces for Piano, Op. 96 from "War and Peace" and "Lermontov" (1941–42)
Ten Pieces from "Cinderella", Op. 97 (1943)
Six Pieces from "Cinderella", Op. 102 (1944)

text: Band music[edit]

text:
Four Marches, Op. 69 (1935–37)
March in A♭, Op. 89bis (1941)
March in B♭, Op. 99 (1943–44)

text: By opus number[edit]

text:
Opus number

Work

Year

1

Piano Sonata No. 1 in F minor

1909

2

Four Etudes for Piano

1909

3

Four Pieces for Piano

1911

4

Four Pieces for Piano

1910–12

5

Sinfonietta in A major (original version)

1909, rev. 1914–15

6

Dreams, for orchestra

1910

7

Two Poems, for female choir and orchestra

1909–10

8

Autumnal, for orchestra

1910, rev. 1915, 1934

9

Two Poems, for voice and piano

1910–11

10

Piano Concerto No. 1 in D♭ major

1911–12

11

Toccata in D minor, for piano

1912

12

Ten Pieces for Piano

1906–13

12bis

Humoresque scherzo, for four bassoons

1915

13

Maddalena (opera)

1911–13

14

Piano Sonata No. 2 in D minor

1912

15

Ballade in C minor, for cello and piano

1912

16

Piano Concerto No. 2 in G minor

1912–13, rev. 1923

17

Sarcasms, five pieces for piano

1912–14

18

The Ugly Duckling, for soprano and piano/orchestra

1914

19

Violin Concerto No. 1 in D major

1916–17

-

Ala i Lolli, ballet (withdrawn)

1914–15

20

Scythian Suite, orchestral suite from Ala i Lolli

1914–15

21

Chout, ballet in 6 scenes

1915, rev. 1920

21bis

Suite from Chout, orchestral suite

1920

22

Visions fugitives, twenty pieces for piano

1915–17

23

Five Poems, for voice and piano

1915

24

The Gambler (after Dostoevsky), opera in 4 acts

1915–17, rev. 1927–28

25

Symphony No. 1 in D major Classical

1916–17

26

Piano Concerto No. 3 in C major

1917–21

27

Five Poems after Akhmatova, for voice and piano

1916

28

Piano Sonata No. 3 in A minor

1917

29

Piano Sonata No. 4 in C minor

1917

29bis

Andante from Piano Sonata No. 4, for orchestra

1934

30

Seven, They are Seven, cantata

1917–18, rev. 1933

31

Tales of an Old Grandmother, four pieces for piano

1918

32

Four Pieces for Piano

1918

33

The Love for Three Oranges, opera in 4 acts

1919

33bis

Suite from The Love for Three Oranges, orchestral suite

1919, rev. 1924

33ter

March and Scherzo from The Love for Three Oranges, for piano

1922

34

Overture on Hebrew Themes, for clarinet, string quartet, and piano

1919

34bis

Overture on Hebrew Themes, for orchestra

1934

35

Five Songs without Words, for female voice and piano

1920

35bis

Five Melodies, for violin and piano

1925

36

Five Poems after Bal'mont, for voice and piano

1921

37

The Fiery Angel, opera

1919–23, rev. 1926–27

37bis

Vocal Suite from The Fiery Angel, orchestral suite with voice

1923-incomplete

38

Piano Sonata No. 5 in C major (original version)

1923

-

Trapeze, ballet

1924

39

Quintet in G minor (based on Trapeze), for oboe, clarinet, violin, viola, and double bass

1924

40

Symphony No. 2 in D minor Iron and Steel

1924–25

41

Le pas d'acier (The Steel Step), ballet

1925–26

41bis

Suite from Le pas d'acier, orchestral suite

1926

42

American Overture, for 17 instrumentalists

1926

42bis

American Overture, for orchestra

1928

43

Divertissement, for orchestra

1925–29

43bis

Divertissement, for piano

1938

44

Symphony No. 3 in C minor

1928

45

Things in Themselves (after Immanuel Kant), two pieces for piano

1928

46

The Prodigal Son, ballet in 3 scenes

1928–29

46bis

Suite from The Prodigal Son, orchestral suite

1929

47

Symphony No. 4 in C major (original version)

1929–30

48

Sinfonietta in A major (revised version)

1929

49

Suite from The Gambler, ("Four Portraits and Denouement")

1931

50

String Quartet No. 1 in B minor

1930

50bis

Andante from String Quartet No. 1, for string orchestra

?1930

51

On the Dnieper, ballet in 2 scenes

1930–31

51bis

Suite from On the Dnieper, orchestral suite

1933

52

Six Transcriptions for Piano

1930–31

53

Piano Concerto No. 4 in B♭ major, for left hand

1931

54

Piano Sonatinas (No. 1 in E minor; No. 2 in G major)

1931–32

55

Piano Concerto No. 5 in G major

1931–32

56

Sonata for Two Violins in C major

1932

57

Symphonic Song, for orchestra

1933

58

Cello Concerto in E minor

1933–38

59

Three Pieces for Piano

1933–34

-

Lieutenant Kijé, film score

1933

60

Suite from Lieutenant Kijé, orchestral suite

1934

60bis

Two Songs from Lieutenant Kijé, for voice and piano

1934

-

Egyptian Nights, incidental music

1934

61

Suite from Egyptian Nights, orchestral suite

1934

62

Pensées (Thoughts), three pieces for piano

1933–34

63

Violin Concerto No. 2 in G minor

1935

64

Romeo and Juliet, ballet in 4 acts

1935–36

64bis

Suite from Romeo and Juliet No. 1

1936

64ter

Suite from Romeo and Juliet No. 2

1936

65

Music for Children, twelve easy pieces for piano

1935

65bis

Summer Day, orchestral suite based on seven pieces from Music for Children

1941

66

Six Songs, for choir and piano

1935

67

Peter and the Wolf, for narrator and orchestra

1936

68

Three Children's Songs, for voice and piano

1936

69

Four Marches, for band

1935–37

70

The Queen of Spades, film score

1936

70bis

Boris Godunov, incidental music

1936

71

Eugene Onegin, incidental music

1936

72

Russian Overture, for orchestra

1936, rev. 1937

73

Three Romances after Pushkin, for voice and piano

1936

74

Cantata for the 20th Anniversary of the October Revolution

1936–37

75

Ten Pieces from Romeo and Juliet, for piano

1937

76

Songs of Our Days, for choir and piano/orchestra

1937

77

Hamlet, incidental music

1937–38

77bis

Gavotte from Hamlet, for piano

1938

-

Alexander Nevsky, film score (director: Sergei Eisenstein)

1938

78

Alexander Nevsky, cantata

1939

79

Seven Songs, for choir and piano

1939

80

Violin Sonata No. 1 in F minor

1938–46

81

Semyon Kotko, opera

1939

81bis

Suite from Semyon Kotko, orchestral suite

1941

82

Piano Sonata No. 6 in A major

1939–40

83

Piano Sonata No. 7 in B♭ major Stalingrad

1939–42

84

Piano Sonata No. 8 in B♭ major

1939–44

85

Zdravitsa (Hail to Stalin), cantata

1939

86

Betrothal in a Monastery, opera in 4 acts

1940–41

87

Cinderella, ballet in 3 acts

1940–44

88

Symphonic March, for orchestra

1941

89

Seven Songs and a March, for choir and piano

1941–42

89bis

March in A-flat major, for band

?1941

90

The Year 1941, orchestral suite

1941

91

War and Peace (after Tolstoy), opera in 13 scenes

1941–43, rev. 1946–52

92

String Quartet No. 2 in F major

1941

93

Ballad of an Unknown Boy, for soprano, tenor, choir, and orchestra

1942–43

94

Flute Sonata in D major

1943

94bis

Violin Sonata No. 2 in D major (based on Flute Sonata)

1944

95

Three Pieces from Cinderella, for piano

1942

96

Three Transcriptions for Piano (from War and Peace and Lermontov)

1941–42

97

Ten Pieces from Cinderella, for piano

1943

98

National Anthem and All-Union Hymn

1943 and 1946

99

March in B-flat major, for band

1943–44

100

Symphony No. 5 in B♭ major

1944

101

Suite from Romeo and Juliet No. 3

1946

102

Six Pieces from Cinderella, for piano

1944

103

Piano Sonata No. 9 in C major

1947

104

Twelve Russian Folk Songs, for voice and piano

1944

105

Ode to the End of the War, for winds, percussion, 8 harps, 4 pianos, and double basses

1945

106

Two Duets, for tenor, bass, and piano

1945

107

Suite from Cinderella No. 1

1946

108

Suite from Cinderella No. 2

1946

109

Suite from Cinderella No. 3

1946

110

Waltz Suite, six waltzes for orchestra

1946

111

Symphony No. 6 in E♭ minor

1945–47

112

Symphony No. 4 in C major (revised version)

1947

113

Thirty Years, festive poem for orchestra

1947

114

Flourish, Mighty Land, cantata

1947

115

Sonata for Unison Violins (or Solo Violin) in D major

1947

116

Ivan the Terrible, film score (director: Sergei Eisenstein)

1942–45

117

The Story of a Real Man, opera in 4 acts

1947–48

118

The Tale of the Stone Flower, ballet in 4 acts

1948–53

119

Cello Sonata in C major

1949

120

Pushkin Waltzes, two waltzes for orchestra

1949

121

Soldiers' Marching Song

1950

122

Winter Bonfire, children's suite for boys' choir and orchestra

1949–50

123

Summer Night, orchestral suite from Betrothal in a Monastery

1950

124

On Guard for Peace, oratorio

1950

125

Symphony-Concerto for Cello and Orchestra in E minor

1950–51, rev. 1952

126

Wedding Suite, orchestral suite from The Tale of the Stone Flower

1951

127

Gypsy Fantasy, orchestral suite from The Tale of the Stone Flower

1951

128

Ural Rhapsody, orchestral suite from The Tale of the Stone Flower

1951

129

The Mistress of the Copper Mountain, orchestral suite from The Tale of the Stone Flower

unrealized

130

The Meeting of the Volga and the Don, festive poem for orchestra

1951

131

Symphony No. 7 in C♯ minor

1951–52

132

Cello Concertino in G minor

1952-incomplete

133 (or 134)

Sonata for Solo Cello in C♯ minor

1952-incomplete

134 (or 133)

Piano Concerto No. 6, for two pianos and string orchestra

1952-incomplete

135

Piano Sonata No. 5 in C major (revised version)

1952–53

136

Symphony No. 2 in D minor Iron and Steel (revised version)

unrealized

137

Piano Sonata No. 10 in E minor

?1953-incomplete

138

Piano Sonata No. 11

unrealized

tag: table

text:
hidevteSergei ProkofievOperas
The Giant
Maddalena
The Gambler
The Love for Three Oranges
The Fiery Angel
Semyon Kotko
Betrothal in a Monastery
War and Peace
The Story of a Real Man
Ballets
Ala i Lolli
Chout
Trapeze
Le pas d'acier
The Prodigal Son
On the Dnieper
Romeo and Juliet (Montagues and Capulets)
Cinderella
The Tale of the Stone Flower
Symphonies
Symphony No. 1 in D major ("Classical")
Symphony No. 2 in D minor (orig & rev)
Symphony No. 3 in C minor
Symphony No. 4 in C major (orig & rev)
Symphony No. 5 in B♭ major
Symphony No. 6 in E♭ minor
Symphony No. 7 in C♯ minor
ConcertosPiano
Piano Concerto No. 1 in D♭ major
Piano Concerto No. 2 in G minor
Piano Concerto No. 3 in C major
Piano Concerto No. 4 in B♭ major (left-hand)
Piano Concerto No. 5 in G major
Piano Concerto No. 6 (unfinished)
Other
Violin Concerto No. 1 in D major
Violin Concerto No. 2 in G minor
Cello Concerto in E minor
Symphony-Concerto for Cello in E minor
Cello Concertino in G minor (unfinished)
Orchestra works
Suites (3) from Romeo and Juliet
Suites (3) from Cinderella
Suites (4) from The Tale of the Stone Flower
Scythian Suite from Ala i Lolli
Suite from Chout
Suite from The Love for Three Oranges
Suite from The Fiery Angel
Suite from Le pas d'acier
Suite from The Prodigal Son
Suite from The Gambler
Suite from On the Dnieper
Suite from Lieutenant Kijé
Suite from Semyon Kotko
Sinfonietta in A major (orig & rev)
Summer Night
Symphonic Song
Russian Overture
The Year 1941
Peter and the Wolf
Pushkin Waltzes
Waltz Suite
Film music
Alexander Nevsky
Ivan the Terrible
Lieutenant Kijé
The Queen of Spades
Vocal music
Alexander Nevsky
Cantata for 20th Anniv of October Revolution
Flourish, Mighty Land
Seven, They Are Seven
Songs of Our Days
Zdravitsa
Chamber music
Overture on Hebrew Themes
Quintet in G minor
String Quartet No. 1
String Quartet No. 2
Violin Sonata No. 1
Violin Sonata No. 2
Flute Sonata in D major
Cello Sonata in C major
Sonata for Two Violins in C major
Sonata for Solo Violin
Sonata for Solo Cello in C♯ minor
Piano musicSonatas
Piano Sonata No. 1 in F minor
Piano Sonata No. 2 in D minor
Piano Sonata No. 3 in A minor
Piano Sonata No. 4 in C minor
Piano Sonata No. 5 in C major (orig & rev)
Piano Sonata No. 6 in A major
Piano Sonata No. 7 in B♭ major ("Stalingrad")
Piano Sonata No. 8 in B♭ major
Piano Sonata No. 9 in C major
Piano Sonata No. 10 (unfinished)
Piano Sonata No. 11 (unrealized)
Other
Toccata in D minor
Visions fugitives
Tales of an Old Grandmother
March and Scherzo from The Love for Three Oranges
Three Pieces from War and Peace
Ten Pieces from Romeo and Juliet
Three Pieces & Six Pieces & Ten Pieces from Cinderella
Fantasia on Scheherazade (1926)
Related articles
List of compositions by Sergei Prokofiev
Ballets Russes
Sergei Diaghilev
George Balanchine
Sviatoslav Richter
Mstislav Rostropovich
Nikolai Myaskovsky
Neoclassicism
Prokofiev (crater)

text: Lists of compositions by composerCompositions by Sergei Prokofiev


document_title: Boyz n the Hood

question_text: who played ricky on boyz in the hood

question_tokens: who played ricky on boyz in the hood

text: Boyz n the Hood

text: Plot[edit]

text: Ten-year old Tre Styles lives with his single mother, Reva in Watts, Los Angeles. After Tre gets into a fight at school, his teacher informs Reva that Tre is highly intelligent but has a volatile temper and lacks respect. Worried about Tre's future, Reva sends him to live in the Crenshaw neighborhood of South Central Los Angeles with his father, Jason "Furious" Styles, from whom she hopes Tre will learn valuable life lessons and to be able to mature, but assures him he will be permitted to return to her one day.

tag: p

text: In Crenshaw, Tre reunites with his friends, Darrin "Doughboy" Baker, Doughboy's maternal half-brother Ricky, and Chris, their mutual friend. After chatting for a bit, Furious immediately has Tre rake the leaves off the front lawn. That night, Furious tells Tre that he has him work to teach him how to be responsible. That night, Tre hears his father shooting at a burglar who tries to rob the house. Two policemen arrive an hour later, and while the white officer is civil and courteous, the black one is disrespectful towards Furious. The next day, Tre and his friends go out with Chris who shows them a dead body. While there, a group of older boys in the Watts Crip gang steal Ricky's football and Doughboy tries to retrieve it, but is defeated. While the older boys walk away, one of them gives Ricky his ball back. Later in the day, Furious spends father/son bonding time with Tre, taking him fishing by the seaside and tells the boy more about his life prior to having him, including his military experience in the Vietnam War, in hopes of making his son proud of him. He concludes his story by advising Tre to never join the army, stating that a black man has no place in the army. When returning home, they see Doughboy and Chris being arrested for shoplifting (Doughboy had said earlier on that they were going to the store, but had no money), while Ricky and Tre look on.

text: At a barbecue, Doughboy is now a Crip gang member and is celebrating his recent release from jail, along with most of his friends, including Chris, who is now paralysed and uses a wheelchair as a result of a gun wound, and new friends Dooky and Monster, also Crip members. Ricky, now a star running back for Crenshaw High School, lives with his single mother Brenda, girlfriend Shanice, and their infant son. Tre has grown into a mature and responsible teenager, works at a clothes shop at the Fox Hills Mall, and aspires to attend college with his girlfriend, Brandi, but their relationship is somehow deteriorating over Tre's desire to have sex, while Brandi, a devout Catholic, wishes to wait until after marriage.

text: Ricky hopes to win a scholarship from USC. After a visit from a recruiter, a mildly embarrassing experience for Ricky due to his unkempt home and his brother's rudeness, he is informed that he must score a 700 or higher on the SATs test in order to qualify. Ricky and Tre sit the test on the same day. Afterwards, they go to see Furious at his office to unwind. Furious takes Tre and Ricky to Compton, California to talk about the dangers of decreasing property values in the black community. That night, during a local street racing gathering, Ricky is provoked by Ferris, a member of the Crenshaw Mafia Gangsters. In response, Doughboy brandishes his handgun, leading to a brief argument between the two gangs. When the two gangs are finished arguing, Ferris fires his own gun in the air causing everyone to leave. While Tre talks about leaving Los Angeles, he and Ricky are pulled over by the police. The cop is the exact same one who was disrespectful towards his father seven years earlier; he intimidates and threatens Tre with his gun, knowing he can't do anything. Distraught, Tre goes to Brandi's house, where he finally breaks down. After she consoles him, they have sex for the first time.

text: The following day, Ricky has a fight with Doughboy. While Ricky and Tre walk to a nearby store, they see Ferris and his gang driving around the neighborhood and in an attempt to avoid them, the pair cut through back alleyways and split up. As Tre turns back to Ricky, Ferris' car pulls up. Ricky turns to run but one of Ferris' men shoots Ricky in the leg with a shotgun. A second shot hits Ricky in the back through the chest, killing him. Doughboy and his gang, who had sensed that Tre and Ricky were in trouble, catch up with them, but are too late. Devastated and helpless, the boys carry Ricky's lifeless body back home. When Brenda and Shanice see Ricky's corpse, they break down in tears and blame Doughboy, who unsuccessfully tries to comfort them and explain the truth. That night, a distraught Brenda reads Ricky's SAT results, discovering he scored a 710, enough to qualify for the scholarship he wanted.

text: The remaining boys vow vengeance on Ferris and his crew. Furious finds Tre preparing to take his .357 Magnum, but convinces Tre to abandon his plans for revenge. However, Brandi and Furious catch Tre sneaking out of his bedroom window to join Doughboy. That night, as the gang drives across the city, Tre asks to be let out of the car and returns home, realizing that his father was right to keep him from falling into an endless cycle of violence. When Tre gets home, Furious is waiting for him. They both look at each other without saying a word, and Furious retreats into his bedroom. Meanwhile, Doughboy finds Ferris' gang at a local fast-food outlet, and Monster opens fire on them, killing the one who shot Ricky and wounding the other two. Doughboy gets out and kills the other wounded gang member and executes Ferris.

text: The next day, Doughboy visits Tre, now understanding Tre's reasons for leaving the gang. Doughboy knows that he will soon face retaliation for Ferris' death, and accepts the consequences of his crime-ridden lifestyle. He plaintively questions why America doesn't care about the life in the ghetto. He sorrowfully says that he has no family left now after Ricky's death and Brenda's disownment of him, but is embraced by Tre, who says to Doughboy that he has a brother in him.

text: The epilogue reveals that Doughboy saw Ricky buried the next day and was murdered two weeks later. Tre and Brandi resume their relationship, and go on to attend Morehouse and Spelman Colleges in Atlanta, respectively.

text: Cast[edit]

text:
Cuba Gooding Jr. as Tre Styles

Desi Arnez Hines II as Tre age 10

Ice Cube as Darrin "Doughboy" Baker

Baha Jackson as Doughboy age 10

Morris Chestnut as Ricky Baker

Donovan McCrary as Ricky age 10

Laurence Fishburne (credited as Larry Fishburne) as Jason "Furious" Styles Jr.
Nia Long as Brandi

Nicole Brown as Brandi age 10

Angela Bassett as Reva Styles
Tyra Ferrell as Brenda Baker
Redge Green as Chris

Kenneth A. Brown as Chris age 10

Dedrick D. Gobert as Dooky
Baldwin C. Sykes as Monster
Tracey Lewis-Sinclair as Shaniqua
Alysia Rogers as Shanice
Regina King as Shalika
Lexie Bigham as Mad Dog
Raymond Turner as Ferris
Lloyd Avery II as Ferris' Triggerman (Knucklehead #2)

text: Production[edit]

text: Singleton wrote the film based around his life growing up and events that either happened to him, or people he knew.[4] When applying for film school, one of the questions on the application form was to describe "three ideas for films". One of the ideas Singleton wrote was a movie to be titled Summer of 84, which would later evolve into Boyz n the Hood. [4] Singleton was protective of his script, insisting that he be the one to direct the project, later explaining at a retrospective screening of the film, "I wasn’t going to have somebody from Idaho or Encino direct this movie."[5]

text: The role of Doughboy was specifically written for Ice Cube whom Singleton met while working as an intern at The Arsenio Hall Show.[4] Singleton claims that the other two leads, Cuba Gooding Jr. and Morris Chestnut, were cast simply because they were the first ones who showed up to the casting auditions.[4] Despite having a member of one of the best-selling rap groups, N.W.A, this, at least according to Singleton, was not a selling point to the studio who were not aware of them.[4] Rather, Singleton opined, the studio greenlit the film in the interest of making a film similar to the Spike Lee film Do the Right Thing. The film was shot in sequence, with Singleton later noting that, as the film goes on, the camera work gets better as Singleton was finding his foothold as a director.[5]

text: Reception and legacy[edit]

text: Critical response[edit]

text: Review aggregation website Rotten Tomatoes gives the film a score of 96% based on 61 reviews and an average score of 8.3/10.[6] At Metacritic, which assigns a weighted mean rating out of 100 to reviews from mainstream critics, the film received an average score of 73 out of 100 based on 18 reviews, which indicates "Generally favorable reviews".[7]

text: Cultural impact[edit]

text: The film has been referenced many times in other works, including works by Lupe Fiasco, Game, and Ice Cube himself. In 1994, British jungle DJ duo Remarc and Lewi produced a song titled "Ricky". The song itself is built up of various sound bites from the movie, particularly the scene where Ricky is murdered. Ice Cube's song, "Check Yo Self", also references the film.

text: On the July 12, 2011 episode of her self-titled talk show, Mo'Nique celebrated the 20th anniversary of the release of Boyz n the Hood with director John Singleton, Cuba Gooding Jr., Yo-Yo, and Regina King.

text: In Vince Staple's hit song "Norf Norf" (2016), Staples references the scene where Ricky gets shot in the back, letting the listener know how much of an impact the movie had on his upbringing.

text: Awards and accolades[edit]

text: Academy Awards: 1992

text:
Nominee, Best Director, John Singleton
Nominee, Best Original Screenplay, John Singleton

text: BMI Film Music Award: 1992

text: Winner, Stanley Clarke

text: Image Award: 1993

text: Winner, Outstanding Motion Picture, Boyz n the Hood

text: MTV Movie Award: 1992

text:
Nominee, Best Movie, Boyz n the Hood
Winner, Best New Filmmaker, John Singleton

text: National Film Preservation Board, USA: 2002

text: National Film Registry, Boyz n the Hood

text: New York Film Critics Circle Award: 1991

text: Winner, Best New Director, John Singleton

text: Political Film Society, USA: 1992

text:
Winner, PFS Award, Peace
Nominee, PFS Award, Exposé
Nominee, PFS Award, Human Rights

text: Writers Guild of America, USA: 1992

text: Nominee, WGA Award (Screen), Best Screenplay Written Directly for the Screen, John Singleton

text: Young Artist Awards: 1992[8]

text: Winner, Young Artist Award, Outstanding Young Ensemble Cast in a Motion Picture

text: In 2007, Boyz n the Hood was selected as one of the 50 Films To See in your lifetime by Channel 4.

text: American Film Institute Lists

text: AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies (10th Anniversary Edition) – Nominated

text: Soundtrack[edit]

text:
Year
Album
Peak chart positions
Certifications

U.S.
U.S. R&B

1991
Boyz n the Hood

Released: July 9, 1991
Label: Qwest/Warner Bros. Records

12
1

US: Gold