document_title: List of Marvel Cinematic Universe films

question_text: when does the second part of avengers infinity war come out

question_tokens: when does the second part of avengers infinity war come out

text: List of Marvel Cinematic Universe films

text: Phase One[edit]

text:
Film[4]

U.S. release date

Director

Screenwriter(s)

Producer(s)

Iron Man

May 2, 2008 (2008-05-02)

Jon Favreau[5]

Mark Fergus & Hawk Ostby and Art Marcum & Matt Holloway[5][6]

Avi Arad and Kevin Feige

The Incredible Hulk

June 13, 2008 (2008-06-13)

Louis Leterrier[7]

Zak Penn[8]

Avi Arad, Gale Anne Hurd  and Kevin Feige

Iron Man 2

May 7, 2010 (2010-05-07)

Jon Favreau[9]

Justin Theroux[10]

Kevin Feige

Thor

May 6, 2011 (2011-05-06)

Kenneth Branagh[11]

Ashley Edward Miller & Zack Stentz and Don Payne[12]

Captain America: The First Avenger

July 22, 2011 (2011-07-22)

Joe Johnston[13]

Christopher Markus & Stephen McFeely[14]

Marvel's The Avengers

May 4, 2012 (2012-05-04)

Joss Whedon[15]

text: Iron Man (2008)[edit]

text: Billionaire industrialist Tony Stark builds himself a suit of armor after he is taken captive by a terrorist organization. Free from his captors, he decides to upgrade and don his armor in order to hunt down weapons that were sold under the table.[17]

text: In April 2006, Marvel hired Jon Favreau to direct Iron Man,[5] with the writing teams of Art Marcum and Matt Holloway and Mark Fergus and Hawk Ostby writing competing scripts.[5][18] Favreau consolidated both into one script, which was then polished by John August.[6] Robert Downey, Jr. was cast in the title role in September 2006, after growing out a goatee and working out to convince the filmmakers he was right for the part.[19] Principal photography began on March 12, 2007,[20] with the first few weeks spent on Stark's captivity in Afghanistan,[21] which was filmed in Inyo County, California.[22] Production also occurred on the former Hughes Company soundstages in Playa Vista, Los Angeles, California,[23] with additional filming at Edwards Air Force Base[24] and Caesars Palace in Las Vegas, Nevada.[25] Iron Man premiered at the Greater Union theater in George Street, Sydney, on April 14, 2008,[26] and was released internationally on April 30, and in North America on May 2.[27][28]

text: The film ends with a post-credits scene featuring Samuel L. Jackson as Nick Fury, who approaches Stark regarding the "Avenger Initiative". Favreau said that he included the scene as "a little tip of the hat for the fans...a way to sort of tee up The Avengers." Jackson was only on set for a day, with a skeletal crew to avoid the news of his cameo leaking.[29] Captain America's shield is also visible in the background of a scene; it was added by an ILM artist as a joke, and Favreau decided to leave it in the film.[30]

text: The Incredible Hulk (2008)[edit]

text: After being exposed to gamma radiation that causes him to transform into the monstrous Hulk, scientist Bruce Banner goes on the run and isolates himself from his love, Betty Ross. Hunted by the military, Banner seeks to cure himself and prevent his condition from being weaponized.[31]

text: In January 2006,[32] Marvel reclaimed the film rights for the Hulk character from Universal Pictures after Universal failed to meet a deadline to develop a sequel to director Ang Lee's 2003 film Hulk.[33] Universal retained distribution rights for future Hulk films.[33] Instead of moving forward with a sequel, Marvel hired Louis Leterrier to direct The Incredible Hulk, a reboot.[7] Leterrier initially turned down the job out of respect for Lee, but later reconsidered and signed on.[7] The script was written by Zak Penn, who drafted a treatment for the 2003 film.[34] In April 2006, Edward Norton entered negotiations to portray Bruce Banner and rewrite Penn's script,[35] although Penn received sole credit for the screenplay.[8] Production began on July 9, 2007 and filming primarily took place in Toronto,[36] with additional filming in New York City and Rio de Janeiro.[37] The film premiered at the Gibson Amphitheatre on June 8, 2008, and was released on June 13.[38][39]

text: The film takes place simultaneously with the events of Iron Man 2 and Thor,[40] the former of which is set six months after the events of Iron Man.[41] Downey briefly reprised his role from Iron Man as Tony Stark in a cameo appearance at the end of the film. Downey said that the filmmakers "were just cross-pollinating our superheroes. It happens to be a scene where I basically approach [actor William Hurt's character General Ross], and we may be considering going into some sort of limited partnership together. The great thing is he—and I don't want to give too much away—but he's in disrepair at the time I find him. It was really fun seeing him play this really powerful character who's half in the bag."[42] In addition, Captain America is briefly seen frozen in ice in an alternate opening of the film, included in the DVD release.[43]

text: Iron Man 2 (2010)[edit]

text: After Tony Stark reveals himself to be Iron Man, the U.S. government demands he hand over his technology. Meanwhile, a rival industrialist and a Russian scientist conspire to use his own technology against him.[44]

text: Immediately following the successful release of Iron Man in May 2008, Marvel Studios announced it was developing a sequel, Iron Man 2.[45] Favreau returned as director[9] and Justin Theroux was hired to write the screenplay, which would be based on an original story by Favreau and Downey.[10] In October 2008, Downey signed a new four-picture deal, that retroactively included the first film, to reprise his role and Don Cheadle was hired to replace Terrence Howard as James Rhodes.[46][47] Jackson signed on to reprise his role as Nick Fury from the Iron Man post-credits sequence in up to nine films,[48] and Scarlett Johansson was cast as the Black Widow, as part of a multi-film commitment.[49] Principal photography began April 6, 2009,[50] at the Pasadena Masonic Temple in Pasadena, California.[51] The majority of filming took place at Raleigh Studios in Manhattan Beach, California.[52] Other locations included Edwards Air Force Base,[53] Monaco,[54] and the Sepulveda Dam.[52] Iron Man 2 premiered at the El Capitan Theatre in Los Angeles, California on April 26, 2010,[55] and was released internationally between April 28 and May 7 before releasing in North America on May 7.[56]

text: The film is set six months after the events of Iron Man,[41] and takes place simultaneously with the events of The Incredible Hulk and Thor.[40] The filmmakers continued to refer to other Marvel films by again including Captain America's shield. Favreau explained, "We introduced Captain America's shield briefly in one shot in the last film. So now it really was in his room, so we had to figure out how to deal with the reality that the shield was in his workshop."[30] A scene toward the end of Iron Man 2 in a S.H.I.E.L.D. safe house contains several Easter eggs, ranging from footage from The Incredible Hulk displayed on a monitor to pointers on a map indicating several locales related to other Marvel films, including one pointing toward a region of Africa in reference to the Black Panther.[57] A young Peter Parker appears as the child wearing an Iron Man mask whom Stark saves from a drone; the appearance was confirmed in June 2017 by Spider-Man actor Tom Holland, Kevin Feige and Spider-Man: Homecoming director Jon Watts.[58][59] The film's post-credits scene showed the discovery of Thor's hammer in a crater.[60]

text: Thor (2011)[edit]

text: Thor, crown prince of Asgard, is banished to Earth and stripped of his powers after he reignites a dormant war. As his brother, Loki, plots to take the throne for himself, Thor must prove himself worthy and reclaim his hammer Mjölnir.[61]

text: Mark Protosevich was hired to develop a script for Thor in April 2006, after the rights were acquired from Sony Pictures.[5] In August 2007 Marvel hired Matthew Vaughn to direct the film,[62] however he exited the project in May 2008.[63] In September 2008, Kenneth Branagh entered into negotiations to replace Vaughn.[11] In May 2009, Chris Hemsworth was in negotiations to portray the titular character,[64] and Tom Hiddleston was set to play his brother, Loki.[65] Both actors were contracted to star in several films.[66] Marvel hired the writing team of Ashley Edward Miller and Zack Stentz to write a new script for the film, which was then rewritten by Don Payne.[12] Production began on January 11, 2010 in Los Angeles, California,[67] before moving to Galisteo, New Mexico in March.[68] Thor had its world premiere on April 17, 2011 at the Event Cinemas theatre in George Street, Sydney[69] and a U.S. premiere on May 2 at the El Capitan Theatre in Los Angeles, California.[70] The film was released internationally from April 21 to 30, and on May 6 in North America.[71]

text: The film takes place simultaneously with the events of The Incredible Hulk and Iron Man 2,[40] the latter of which is set six months after the events of Iron Man.[41] Clark Gregg, who appeared in Iron Man and Iron Man 2 as S.H.I.E.L.D. agent Phil Coulson, reprised the role in Thor. About his role in Thor he stated, "Agent Coulson was one of the guys who wasn't really in the comic books, and he [had] a very kind of small role in Iron Man. And I was just very lucky that they chose to expand that character and [chose] to put him more into the universe of it."[72] After signing on to appear as Clint Barton / Hawkeye in The Avengers, Jeremy Renner made a cameo appearance as the character during a scene in Thor.[73] Branagh said that they "were always going to have a guy in a basket above the action where Thor breaks in the S.H.I.E.L.D. camp", and that he was thrilled when the producers told him they wanted to use Renner's Hawkeye for that role.[74] The film ends with a post-credits scene featuring Loki, watching as Erik Selvig and Nick Fury discuss the Tesseract.[75] The scene was directed by Joss Whedon, who directed The Avengers.[76] Stellan Skarsgård, who played Selvig, said the scene was not included when he first read the screenplay for Thor, and that he was sent pages for the scene after agreeing to appear in The Avengers.[77]

text: Captain America: The First Avenger (2011)[edit]

text: In 1942, Steve Rogers is deemed physically unfit to enlist in the U.S. Army and fight the Nazis in World War II. Recruited for a secret military operation, he is physically transformed into a super-soldier dubbed Captain America and must battle the Red Skull, head of a Nazi science division known as Hydra.[78]

text: In April 2006, Marvel hired David Self to write the script for a Captain America film.[5] Joe Johnston signed on to direct in November 2008,[13] and Christopher Markus & Stephen McFeely were hired to rewrite the script.[14] In March 2010, Chris Evans was cast as Captain America and Hugo Weaving was cast as the Red Skull.[79] Production began on June 28, 2010 in the United Kingdom,[80] with locations in London,[81] Caerwent,[82] Manchester and Liverpool.[83] The film premiered on July 19, 2011, at the El Capitan Theatre in Los Angeles, California,[84] and was released in North America on July 22, and in international markets starting July 27.[85]

text: The Tesseract from the Thor post-credits scene appears as a MacGuffin in Captain America: The First Avenger.[86] In the film, Dominic Cooper portrays a young Howard Stark, the father of Tony Stark,[87] who hosts an early version of the Stark Expo, the fair Tony hosts in Iron Man 2.[88] The final scene of the film includes a brief appearance by Jackson's Nick Fury followed by a teaser trailer for Marvel's The Avengers after the credits.[89]

text: Marvel's The Avengers (2012)[edit]

text: Nick Fury, the director of S.H.I.E.L.D., gathers the superheroes Iron Man, Thor, Captain America, the Hulk, Black Widow and Hawkeye to fight Thor's brother Loki, who plots to subjugate the Earth.[90]

text: Zak Penn, who wrote The Incredible Hulk, was hired to write a script for The Avengers in June 2007.[91] In April 2010, Joss Whedon closed a deal to direct the film, and to rework Penn's script.[15] Marvel announced that Edward Norton would not be reprising the role of Bruce Banner / Hulk,[92] and in July 2010, Mark Ruffalo was cast in his place.[93] Downey, Evans, Hemsworth, Johansson, Renner, Hiddleston and Jackson reprised their respective roles from previous films.[94] Principal photography began in April 2011 in Albuquerque, New Mexico,[90] before moving to Cleveland, Ohio in August,[95] and New York City in September.[96] The premiere was held on April 11, 2012 at the El Capitan Theatre in Los Angeles, California,[97] and the film was released in North America on May 4.[98]

text: Gwyneth Paltrow, who portrayed Pepper Potts in Iron Man and Iron Man 2, was included in the film at Downey's insistence. Prior to this, Whedon had not intended the film to include supporting characters from the heroes' individual films, commenting, "You need to separate the characters from their support systems in order to create the isolation you need for a team."[99] Avi Arad said that Sony Pictures and Disney discussed incorporating the OsCorp Tower from The Amazing Spider-Man into the climax of The Avengers,[100] but Feige said that "the deal was never close to happening."[101] The supervillain Thanos appears in a mid-credits scene, portrayed by Damion Poitier.[102]

text: Phase Two[edit]

text:
Film[4]

U.S. release date

Director(s)

Screenwriter(s)

Producer

Iron Man 3

May 3, 2013 (2013-05-03)

Shane Black[103]

Drew Pearce and Shane Black[103][104]

Kevin Feige

Thor: The Dark World

November 8, 2013 (2013-11-08)

Alan Taylor[105]

Christopher Yost and Christopher Markus & Stephen McFeely[106]

Captain America: The Winter Soldier

April 4, 2014 (2014-04-04)

Anthony and Joe Russo[107]

Christopher Markus & Stephen McFeely[108]

Guardians of the Galaxy

August 1, 2014 (2014-08-01)

James Gunn[109]

James Gunn and Nicole Perlman[110]

Avengers: Age of Ultron

May 1, 2015 (2015-05-01)

Joss Whedon[111]

Ant-Man

July 17, 2015

Peyton Reed[112]

Edgar Wright & Joe Cornish and Adam McKay & Paul Rudd[113]

text: Iron Man 3 (2013)[edit]

text: Tony Stark faces a powerful enemy, the Mandarin, who attacks and destroys his mansion. Left to his own devices and battling posttraumatic stress disorder, Stark struggles to get to the bottom of a series of mysterious explosions.[114]

text: In late 2010, Marvel and Disney announced that they were developing a third Iron Man film.[115] In February 2011, Marvel hired Shane Black to direct Iron Man 3.[116] Black co-wrote the film's script with Drew Pearce.[103][104] Downey, Paltrow, and Cheadle reprised their roles from Iron Man 2, while Guy Pearce and Ben Kingsley joined the cast as Aldrich Killian and Trevor Slattery, respectively.[117] Filming began in May 2012, in North Carolina.[118] Additional filming took place in southern Florida,[119] China,[120] and Los Angeles.[121] Iron Man 3 premiered at Le Grand Rex in Paris, France on April 14, 2013 and at the El Capitan Theatre in Los Angeles, California on April 24.[122][123] The film was released internationally on April 25,[124] and in the United States on May 3.[115]

text: The film is set in December 2013,[125][126] after the events of The Avengers.[127] In the film Tony Stark experiences PTSD-like symptoms following the Battle of New York in The Avengers. Black explained, "that's an anxiety response to feeling inferior to The Avengers, but also to being humbled by sights he cannot possibly begin to understand or reconcile with the realities he's used to... There's a line in the movie about 'ever since that big guy with the hammer fell out of the sky, the rules have changed'. That's what we're dealing with here."[128] Bruce Banner appears in a post-credits scene, with Ruffalo reprising the role. About the scene, Ruffalo said "They were about to wrap the movie and I saw Robert [Downey, Jr.] at the Academy Awards... and he said, 'What do you think about coming and doing a day?' I said, 'Are you kidding me? Bang, let's do it!' We sort of spitballed that scene, then I came in and we shot for a couple of hours and laughed."[129]

text: Thor: The Dark World (2013)[edit]

text: Thor reunites with astrophysicist Jane Foster as a series of portals, linking worlds at random, begin to appear. He discovers that Malekith and his army of Dark Elves have returned after thousands of years, and they seek a powerful weapon known as the Aether. Thor must join forces with his now-imprisoned brother Loki to stop them.[106]

text: A sequel to Thor was first announced in June 2011, with Hemsworth reprising his role as Thor.[130] Hiddleston confirmed he would return as Loki in September,[131] and Alan Taylor signed on to direct the film in December.[105] The film's title was announced as Thor: The Dark World in July 2012 at the San Diego Comic-Con International,[132] and Christopher Eccleston was cast as Malekith a month later.[133] Production started in September 2012 in Bourne Wood, Surrey,[134] with additional filming taking place in Iceland and London.[135][136] The film premiered at the Odeon Leicester Square in London on October 22, 2013.[137] It was internationally released on October 30, 2013 and on November 8, 2013 in North America.[138]

text: The film is set one year after the events of The Avengers.[139] Evans briefly makes a cameo appearance in the film as Captain America when Loki shapeshifts into him while mocking Thor.[140] Hiddleston wore the Captain America costume while standing in for Evans, before Evans came to shoot the scene. Hiddleston said, "I did an impression of Loki in the Captain America costume, and then they showed Chris [Evans] my performance on tape. It's him doing an impression of me doing an impression of him. And it's brilliant."[140] James Gunn, the director of Guardians of the Galaxy, directed the mid-credits scene that featured the Collector, played by Benicio del Toro. Asked about shooting the scene, Gunn said, "I got the script that morning, and I did it in two hours at the end of a day of second unit shooting [for Guardians of the Galaxy]."[141]

text: Captain America: The Winter Soldier (2014)[edit]

text: Steve Rogers, now working with S.H.I.E.L.D., teams up with Natasha Romanoff / Black Widow and Sam Wilson / Falcon to expose a deep conspiracy which involves a mysterious assassin known only as the Winter Soldier.[142]

text: A sequel to 2011's Captain America: The First Avenger was announced in April 2012.[143] Anthony and Joe Russo were hired to direct in June,[107] and in July it was officially titled Captain America: The Winter Soldier.[132] Evans and Jackson were set to reprise their respective roles as Captain America and Nick Fury,[107] and Johansson would again play the Black Widow.[144] Sebastian Stan, who portrayed Bucky Barnes in Captain America: The First Avenger, returned as the Winter Soldier.[145]  Production started in April 2013 in Manhattan Beach, California, and filming also took place in Washington, D.C. and Cleveland, Ohio.[146][147] The film premiered in Los Angeles on March 13, 2014.[148] Captain America: The Winter Soldier was released internationally on March 26[149] and in North America on April 4.[143]

text: The film is set two years after the events of The Avengers.[127] Stephen Strange, the alter-ego of the Marvel superhero Doctor Strange, is mentioned by name in the film by the character Jasper Sitwell.[150] A remodeled Stark Tower from The Avengers, now known as Avengers Tower, also makes an appearance in the film.[151] Whedon directed a post-credits scene featuring Baron Wolfgang von Strucker (Thomas Kretschmann), List (Henry Goodman), Quicksilver (Aaron Taylor-Johnson), and the Scarlet Witch (Elizabeth Olsen), who appear in Avengers: Age of Ultron.[152][153] The revelation in the film that S.H.I.E.L.D. had been infiltrated by Hydra informed the final six episodes of the first season of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D., a television series set in the MCU.[154][155]

text: Guardians of the Galaxy (2014)[edit]

text: Peter Quill / Star-Lord and a group of misfits, including Gamora, Rocket, Drax the Destroyer and Groot, fight to keep a powerful orb from the clutches of the villainous Ronan.[156][157][158]

text: Nicole Perlman began writing a screenplay in 2009.[159] Marvel Studios announced it was developing a Guardians of the Galaxy film in July 2012.[132] The film is directed by James Gunn, based on his and Perlman's screenplay.[109] In February 2013, Chris Pratt was cast in the lead role, as Peter Quill / Star-Lord.[160] The film was shot at Shepperton Studios and in London from July to October 2013,[161] and post-production work was completed on July 7, 2014.[162] The film premiered on July 21, 2014 in Hollywood.[163] Guardians of the Galaxy was released in the United Kingdom on July 31, 2014,[164] and in North America on August 1.[132]

text: The film is set in 2014.[165] Josh Brolin provides the voice and performance capture for Thanos,[166] the supervillain who appeared in The Avengers mid-credits scene. Gunn noted that the film would be connected to Avengers: Infinity War.[167] Several other objects of significance appear in the Collector's museum, including a Chitauri from The Avengers and a Dark Elf from Thor: The Dark World, among other characters. About their appearances Gunn said, "There's a lot of stuff in the Collector's Museum. And for me, it was mostly just really fun. As a Marvel fan, giving the actual fans something that they can freeze frame on their Blu-Ray at home and just kind of pick out everything that's in there. So there are, I mean, seriously all those boxes have something interesting in them, so it's pretty fun."[168] Ronan's race, the Kree, were first introduced in the Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. episode "T.A.H.I.T.I.".[169][170]

text: Avengers: Age of Ultron (2015)[edit]

text: Captain America, Iron Man, Thor, the Hulk, Black Widow, and Hawkeye must work together as the Avengers to defeat Ultron, a technological enemy bent on human extinction, while encountering the powerful twins Pietro and Wanda Maximoff, as well as the new entity Vision.[171][172]

text: A sequel to The Avengers was announced by Disney in May 2012, shortly after the first film's release.[173] In August 2012, Joss Whedon was signed to return as writer and director.[111] In June 2013, Downey signed a deal to reprise the role of Iron Man for the second and third Avengers films.[174] On July 20, 2013, at San Diego Comic-Con International, Whedon announced that the subtitle of the film would be Age of Ultron.[175] In August 2013, James Spader was announced to portray Ultron.[176] Second unit filming began on February 11, 2014 in Johannesburg, South Africa.[177][178] Principal photography began in March 2014 at Shepperton Studios in Surrey, England,[174][179] with additional footage filmed at Fort Bard and various other locations in the Aosta Valley region of Italy,[180] and Seoul, South Korea.[181] Filming was completed on August 6, 2014.[182] Avengers: Age of Ultron had its world premiere in Los Angeles on April 13, 2015,[183] and was released internationally beginning April 22,[184] and on May 1 in North America.[185]

text: The film confirms that the gem in Loki's scepter is an Infinity Stone, specifically the Mind Stone, and Brolin reappears as Thanos in the mid-credit scene wielding an Infinity Gauntlet.[186] It also features references to Vibranium and Wakanda, both connections to Black Panther, introducing both to the universe ahead of Black Panther's solo film. Additionally, Andy Serkis portrays Ulysses Klaue in the film, traditionally a Black Panther antagonist.[187]

text: Ant-Man (2015)[edit]

text: Thief Scott Lang must aid his mentor Dr. Hank Pym in safeguarding the mystery of the Ant-Man technology, which allows its user to decrease in size but increase in strength, from various menaces and plot a heist to defend the Earth.[112]

text: Ant-Man is directed by Peyton Reed with a screenplay written by Edgar Wright & Joe Cornish and Adam McKay & Paul Rudd, from a story by Wright & Cornish, that includes both Scott Lang and Hank Pym.[112][113] Edgar Wright was initially slated to direct and write the film, but left the project in May 2014 due to creative differences.[188][189] In January 2013, Feige stated that Ant-Man would be the first film in Phase Three of the Marvel Cinematic Universe.[190] However, in October 2014, it was revealed that the film would be the last film of Phase Two.[191] Pre-production started in October 2013,[192] and principal photography took place from August to December 2014,[193] in San Francisco,[194] Fayette County, Georgia at Pinewood Atlanta,[195] and Downtown Atlanta.[196] In December 2013, Rudd was cast as Ant-Man,[197] followed in January 2014 with the casting of Michael Douglas as Pym and the confirmation of Rudd as Lang.[198] Ant-Man had its world premiere in Los Angeles on June 29, 2015,[199] and was released in France on July 14,[200] and in North America on July 17.[201]

text: The film is set several months after the events of Avengers: Age of Ultron.[202] Scott Lang attempts to infiltrate the new Avengers headquarters in Upstate New York featured in Age of Ultron, and confronts Sam Wilson / Falcon, played by Anthony Mackie. McKay and Rudd decided to add Falcon to Ant-Man after watching Captain America: The Winter Soldier.[203] The Russo brothers filmed the post-credit scene, which was footage from Captain America: Civil War,[204][205] and features Mackie as Falcon, Chris Evans as Steve Rogers / Captain America, and Sebastian Stan as Bucky Barnes / Winter Soldier.[206]

text: Phase Three[edit]

text:
Film[4]

U.S. release date

Director(s)

Screenwriter(s)

Producer(s)

Captain America: Civil War

May 6, 2016 (2016-05-06)

Anthony and Joe Russo[207]

Christopher Markus & Stephen McFeely[207]

Kevin Feige

Doctor Strange

November 4, 2016 (2016-11-04)

Scott Derrickson[208]

Jon Spaihts and Scott Derrickson & C. Robert Cargill[209]

Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2

May 5, 2017 (2017-05-05)

James Gunn[110]

Spider-Man: Homecoming

July 7, 2017 (2017-07-07)

Jon Watts[210]

Jonathan Goldstein & John Francis Daley andJon Watts & Christopher Ford andChris McKenna & Erik Sommers[211]

Kevin Feige and Amy Pascal

Thor: Ragnarok

November 3, 2017 (2017-11-03)

Taika Waititi[212]

Eric Pearson and Craig Kyle & Christopher Yost[213][214]

Kevin Feige

Black Panther

February 16, 2018 (2018-02-16)

Ryan Coogler[215]

Ryan Coogler & Joe Robert Cole[216][217]

Avengers: Infinity War

April 27, 2018 (2018-04-27)

Anthony and Joe Russo[218]

Christopher Markus & Stephen McFeely[219]

Ant-Man and the Wasp

July 6, 2018 (2018-07-06)

Peyton Reed[220]

Chris McKenna & Erik Sommers andPaul Rudd & Andrew Barrer & Gabriel Ferrari[221]

Kevin Feige and Stephen Broussard

text: Captain America: Civil War (2016)[edit]

text: The Avengers become fractured into two opposing teams, one led by Captain America and another by Iron Man, after extensive collateral damage prompts politicians to pass an act regulating superhuman activity with government oversight and accountability for the Avengers while also facing against a new enemy, Helmut Zemo, who seeks revenge upon the Avengers.[222][223]

text: By January 2014, Anthony and Joe Russo had signed on to return to direct a third Captain America installment, which they confirmed in March 2014, with Chris Evans returning as Captain America, Feige returning to produce, and Christopher Markus & Stephen McFeely writing the screenplay.[224][207] In October 2014, the title was officially announced as Captain America: Civil War along with the reveal that Downey would appear in the film as Tony Stark / Iron Man.[225][226] The film is an adaptation from the "Civil War" storyline in the comics.[227] It is also the first film of Phase Three.[191][228][229] Filming began in April 2015 at Pinewood Atlanta,[230][231] and concluded in August 2015.[232] Captain America: Civil War had its premiere in Hollywood on April 12, 2016,[233] was released internationally beginning April 27,[234] and was released on May 6 in North America.[235]

text: The film is set one year after the events of Avengers: Age of Ultron.[236] Captain America: Civil War introduces Tom Holland as Peter Parker / Spider-Man and Chadwick Boseman as T'Challa / Black Panther to the MCU, who appear in solo films in 2017 and 2018, respectively.[237][238] William Hurt reprises his role as Thunderbolt Ross from The Incredible Hulk, and is now the US Secretary of State.[239] For the mid-credits scene, in which Black Panther offers Captain America and Bucky Barnes asylum in Wakanda, Joe and Anthony Russo received input from Black Panther director Ryan Coogler on the look and design of Wakanda.[240]

text: Doctor Strange (2016)[edit]

text: After Stephen Strange, the world's top neurosurgeon, is involved in a car accident that ruins his career, he sets out on a journey of healing, where he encounters the Ancient One, who teaches Strange the use of Mystic Arts and to defend the Earth from mystical threats.[241][242]

text: In June 2010, Thomas Dean Donnelly and Joshua Oppenheimer were hired to write the screenplay for a film starring the character Doctor Strange.[243] In January 2013, Kevin Feige confirmed that Doctor Strange would be a part of their Phase Three slate of films.[244] In June 2014, Scott Derrickson was hired to direct.[208] In December 2014, Benedict Cumberbatch was cast in the eponymous role, and Jon Spaihts was confirmed to rewrite the script.[245][246] In December 2015, C. Robert Cargill revealed he was a co-writer on the film,[247] and the following April, revealed that Derrickson also wrote the script.[248] Pre-production began in June 2014,[249] with filming beginning in November 2015 in Nepal, before moving to Longcross Studios in the UK later in the month.[250][251] Filming concluded in New York City in April 2016.[252][253] Doctor Strange had its premiere in Hong Kong on October 13, 2016,[254] and was released in the United Kingdom on October 25, 2016,[255] and on November 4 in the United States.[226]

text: Derrickson stated that the events of the film take "roughly" a year, ending "up to date with the rest of the MCU". Doctor Strange introduces the Eye of Agamotto, a mystical relic that can manipulate time and is revealed to be an Infinity Stone at the end of the film,[256] specifically the Time Stone.[257] The film's mid-credits scene features a cameo appearance by Hemsworth as Thor, meeting with Strange, which was footage from Thor: Ragnarok. The scene was directed by Ragnarok director Taika Waititi.[257]

text: Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2 (2017)[edit]

text: The Guardians of the Galaxy travel throughout the cosmos and struggle to keep their newfound family together while helping Peter Quill learn more about his true parentage and facing against new enemies.[258]

text: In July 2014, Guardians of the Galaxy co-writer Nicole Perlman confirmed that Gunn would return to write and direct the sequel.[110][259] Chris Pratt returns for the sequel as Peter Quill / Star-Lord,[260][261] along with the other Guardians from the first film as well as additional cast members.[261] They are joined by Pom Klementieff as Mantis,[262][261] and Kurt Russell as Ego.[261][263] In June 2015, the film's title was revealed as Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2.[264] Filming began in February 2016 at Pinewood Atlanta,[265][266] and concluded in June 2016.[267] Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2 premiered in Tokyo on April 10, 2017,[268] and was released on May 5, 2017.[226]

text: The film is set two-to-three months after the events of Guardians of the Galaxy,[269][270] in 2014.[165] One of the film's post-credit sequences hints at the introduction of Adam Warlock,[271] after Gunn originally intended for Warlock to make a full appearance in Vol. 2. He noted that Warlock could appear in future Guardians films, and is considered "a pretty important part" of the cosmic side of the Marvel Cinematic Universe.[272] The Grandmaster, played by Jeff Goldblum, is seen dancing in the end credits, before his appearance in Thor: Ragnarok.[273]

text: Spider-Man: Homecoming (2017)[edit]

text: Peter Parker tries to balance being the hero Spider-Man with his high school life under guidance of Tony Stark as he deals with the threat of the Vulture.[274][275]

text: On February 9, 2015, Sony Pictures and Marvel announced that Sony would be releasing a Spider-Man film co-produced by Marvel Studios president Feige and Amy Pascal, with Sony Pictures continuing to own, finance, distribute, and have final creative control of the Spider-Man films.[3] In April 2015, Feige confirmed the character would be Peter Parker and added that Marvel had been working to add Spider-Man to the MCU since at least October 2014, when they announced their full slate of Phase Three films, saying, "Marvel doesn't announce anything officially until it's set in stone. So we went forward with that Plan A in October, with the Plan B being, if [the deal] were to happen with Sony, how it would all shift. We've been thinking about [the Spider-Man film] as long as we've been thinking about Phase Three."[276] In June 2015, Tom Holland was cast in the role of Spider-Man and Jon Watts was hired to direct the film,[210] and the next month, John Francis Daley & Jonathan Goldstein were hired to write the screenplay.[277] Additional screenwriters include Watts & Christopher Ford and Chris McKenna & Erik Sommers.[211] In April 2016, the title was revealed to be Spider-Man: Homecoming.[278] Production began in June 2016 at Pinewood Atlanta,[279][280] and concluded in October 2016.[281] Spider-Man: Homecoming premiered on June 28, 2017 in Hollywood,[282] and was released in the United Kingdom on July 5,[283] and the United States on July 7, 2017.[284]

text: The film is set several months after the events of Captain America: Civil War,[285] which is eight years after the events of The Avengers.[286] In April 2016, Feige confirmed that characters from previous MCU films would appear in the film,[287] with Robert Downey Jr. confirmed to reprise his role as Tony Stark / Iron Man shortly thereafter.[288] Favreau, Paltrow, and Evans also reprise their roles as Happy Hogan,[289] Pepper Potts,[290] and Steve Rogers / Captain America, respectively.[291] The clean-up crew Damage Control appear in the film (after previously being referenced in Iron Man and Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.) ahead of an intended television series about them.[292][293][294] Various weaponry and artifacts from previous films are referenced throughout the film that Toomes and his crew repurpose for their weapons. In Parker's high school, one of his classes has a lesson about the Sokovia Accords,[295] and portraits of Bruce Banner, Howard Stark and Abraham Erskine are seen within the school.[296]

text: Thor: Ragnarok (2017)[edit]

text: Thor, trapped on another world without Mjölnir, must survive a gladiatorial duel against the Hulk and return to Asgard in time to stop the villainous Hela and the impending Ragnarök.[297]

text: In January 2014, Marvel announced that a third Thor film was in development, with Craig Kyle and Christopher Yost writing the screenplay,[298] and was officially announced as Thor: Ragnarok in October 2014.[226] By October 2015, Taika Waititi entered in negotiations to direct Thor: Ragnarok.[299][212] In December 2015, Stephany Folsom was hired to rewrite the script.[300] A year later, in January 2017, it was revealed that Eric Pearson wrote the screenplay, with Kyle, Yost and Folsom receiving story credit.[297] Pearson, Kyle and Yost would ultimately receive screenwriting credit for the film.[213][214] Hemsworth, Hiddleston, Idris Elba and Anthony Hopkins reprise their roles as Thor, Loki, Heimdall and Odin, respectively, and are joined by Cate Blanchett as Hela.[301] Production began in July 2016 in Australia at Village Roadshow Studios,[302][303] and wrapped in late October 2016.[304] Thor: Ragnarok premiered in Los Angeles on October 10, 2017,[305] began its international release on October 24, 2017 in the United Kingdom,[306] and was released on November 3, 2017 in the United States.[307]

text: The film is set four years after the events of Thor: The Dark World, two years after the events of Avengers: Age of Ultron,[308][309] and around the same time period as Captain America: Civil War and Spider-Man: Homecoming. Producer Brad Winderbaum noted that "Things happen on top of each other now in Phase Three. They're not as interlocked as they were in Phase One."[310] Mark Ruffalo and Benedict Cumberbatch appear in the film as Bruce Banner / Hulk and Doctor Stephen Strange, respectively.[301][257] The film reveals that the Infinity Gauntlet first seen in Odin's vault in Thor was a fake,[311] while also introducing Thanos' ship Sanctuary II in a post-credits scene.[312]

text: Black Panther (2018)[edit]

text: T'Challa returns home as sovereign of the nation of Wakanda only to find his dual role of king and protector challenged by a long-time adversary in a conflict that has global consequences.[313]

text: Documentary filmmaker Mark Bailey was hired to write a script for Black Panther in January 2011.[314] In October 2014, the film was announced and Chadwick Boseman was revealed to be portraying T'Challa / Black Panther.[226][238] In January 2016, Ryan Coogler was announced as director,[215] and the following month, Joe Robert Cole was confirmed as the film's screenwriter.[216] In April 2016, Feige confirmed that Coogler was a co-screenwriter.[217] Filming began in January 2017 at EUE/Screen Gems Studios in Atlanta,[315][316] and concluded in April 2017.[317] Black Panther premiered in Los Angeles on January 29, 2018,[318] and began its international release on February 13, 2018,[319] and was released on February 16, 2018 in the United States.[320] The film also had a "cross-nation release" in Africa, a first for a Disney film.[321][322]

text: The film is set one week after the events of Captain America: Civil War.[313] Florence Kasumba,[323] Serkis, Martin Freeman, and John Kani reprise their roles as Ayo, Ulysses Klaue, Everett K. Ross and T'Chaka respectively from previous MCU films.[313] The film's post-credits scene features a cameo appearance by Sebastian Stan, reprising his role as Bucky Barnes.[324]

text: Avengers: Infinity War (2018)[edit]

text: The Avengers join forces with the Guardians of the Galaxy to try to stop Thanos from collecting all of the Infinity Stones.[325]

text: The film was announced in October 2014 as Avengers: Infinity War – Part 1.[226] In April 2015, Marvel announced that Anthony and Joe Russo would direct the film and in May, that Christopher Markus & Stephen McFeely would write the screenplay.[218][219] In July 2016, Marvel revealed the title would be shortened to simply Avengers: Infinity War.[326] Brolin reprises his role as Thanos,[327][328] and is part of an ensemble cast featuring many actors who have appeared in other MCU films. Filming for Infinity War began in January 2017 in Atlanta,[315][329] and lasted until July 2017.[330] Additional filming also took place in Scotland.[331] Avengers: Infinity War premiered in Los Angeles on April 23, 2018.[332] It was released worldwide on April 27, 2018, with a few debuts beginning as early as April 25 in a handful of countries.[333]

text: The film is set two years after the events of Captain America: Civil War.[334] Marvel had been planting the seeds for Infinity War since their early films, by introducing the Infinity Stones as MacGuffins: the Tesseract / Space Stone in Captain America: The First Avenger, Loki's Scepter / Mind Stone in The Avengers, the Aether / Reality Stone in Thor: The Dark World, the Orb / Power Stone in Guardians of the Galaxy, and the Eye of Agamotto / Time Stone in Doctor Strange.[257] Additionally, Thanos is shown holding an empty Infinity Gauntlet in Avengers: Age of Ultron.[186] The Red Skull from Captain America: The First Avenger appears in the film, played by Ross Marquand instead of Hugo Weaving, and is the keeper of the final Infinity Stone, the Soul Stone.[335] The post-credits scene features Nick Fury transmitting a distress signal on a device, which has the insignia of Captain Marvel.[336]

text: Ant-Man and the Wasp (2018)[edit]

text: Scott Lang tries to balance his home life with his responsibilities as Ant-Man, when Hope van Dyne and Hank Pym present him with a new mission, requiring him to team up with Van Dyne as the Wasp.[221]

text: Ant-Man and the Wasp was announced in October 2015.[320] Peyton Reed confirmed that he would return to direct in November 2015, and that Paul Rudd and Evangeline Lilly would reprise their roles as Scott Lang / Ant-Man and Hope van Dyne / Wasp, respectively.[220] In December 2015, Andrew Barrer, Gabriel Ferrari, and Rudd were confirmed to write the screenplay,[337] with Chris McKenna and Erik Sommers revealed to have also contributed to the script in August 2017.[221] In February 2017, Michael Douglas confirmed he would reprise his role as Hank Pym in the film.[338] Michelle Pfeiffer was revealed as having been cast as Janet van Dyne in July 2017.[339] Filming began in August 2017 in Atlanta with additional filming in San Francisco,[221] and ended in November 2017.[340] Stephen Broussard also served as a producer on the film.[341] Ant-Man and the Wasp had its premiere in Hollywood on June 25, 2018,[342] and was released in the United States on July 6, 2018.[320]

text: The film is set two years after the events of Captain America: Civil War and before the events of Avengers: Infinity War.[343][344] In the mid-credits scene, Hank Pym, Hope van Dyne and Janet van Dyne are disintegrated as a result of the events of Avengers: Infinity War.[345]

text: Recurring cast and characters[edit]

text: List indicator(s)

text:
This table only includes characters which have appeared in multiple film franchises within the Marvel Cinematic Universe, and have appeared in the billing block for at least two films. (see FAQ)
A dark grey cell indicates the character was not in the franchise, or that the character's presence in a film of the franchise has not yet been announced.
A V  indicates a voice-only role

text:
Character

Ant-Man films

Avengers films

Black Panther

Captain America films

Captain Marvel

Doctor Strange

Guardians of the Galaxy films

The Incredible Hulk

Iron Man films

Spider-Man films

Thor films

Bruce BannerHulk

Mark Ruffalo[93]

Edward Norton[35]Lou FerrignoV[346]

Mark Ruffalo[129]

Mark Ruffalo[347]

James "Bucky" BarnesWinter Soldier

Sebastian Stan[206][348][324][349]

Clint BartonHawkeye

Jeremy Renner[94]

Jeremy Renner[350]

Jeremy Renner[73]

Peggy Carter

Hayley Atwell[351][352]

Hayley Atwell[349]

Phil Coulson

Clark Gregg[94]

Clark Gregg[353]

Clark Gregg[72]

Clark Gregg[72]

Drax the Destroyer

Dave Bautista[354]

Dave Bautista[261]

Nick Fury

Samuel L. Jackson[355]

Samuel L. Jackson[355][356]

Samuel L. Jackson[29]

Samuel L. Jackson[355]

Gamora

Zoe Saldana[357]

Zoe Saldana[261]

Groot

Vin DieselV[358]

Vin DieselV[261]

Heimdall

Idris Elba[359]

Idris Elba[360]

Maria Hill

Cobie Smulders[361]

Cobie Smulders[362]

Harold "Happy" Hogan

Jon Favreau[363]

Jon Favreau[364][289]

Korath

Djimon Hounsou[353]

Djimon Hounsou[109]

Scott LangAnt-Man

Paul Rudd[365][366]

Paul Rudd[222]

Loki

Tom Hiddleston[367]

Tom Hiddleston[65]

Mantis

Pom Klementieff[368]

Pom Klementieff[369]

Wanda MaximoffScarlet Witch

Elizabeth Olsen[370]

Elizabeth Olsen[153]

Nebula

Karen Gillan[371]

Karen Gillan[261]

Okoye

Danai Gurira[372][373]

Peter ParkerSpider-Man

Tom Holland[374]

Tom Holland[237]

Max Favreau[a]

Tom Holland[210]

Virginia "Pepper" Potts

Gwyneth Paltrow[99]

Gwyneth Paltrow[375][290]

Peter QuillStar-Lord

Chris Pratt[376]

Chris Pratt[160]

James "Rhodey" RhodesWar Machine / Iron Patriot

Don Cheadle[377]

Don Cheadle[222]

Terrence Howard[375]Don Cheadle[378]

Rocket

Bradley CooperV[379]

Bradley CooperV[261]

Steve RogersCaptain America

Chris Evans[206][79]

Chris Evans[79]

Chris Evans[291][140]

Natasha RomanoffBlack Widow

Scarlett Johansson[49]

Scarlett Johansson[144]

Scarlett Johansson[49]

Ronan the Accuser

Lee Pace[353]

Lee Pace[109]

Thaddeus "Thunderbolt" Ross

William Hurt[380]

William Hurt[222]

William Hurt[346]

Erik Selvig

Stellan Skarsgård[77]

Stellan Skarsgård[77]

Shuri

Letitia Wright[381][382]

Tony StarkIron Man

Robert Downey, Jr.[46]

Robert Downey, Jr.[225]

Robert Downey, Jr.[225][42][19][288]

Stephen Strange

Benedict Cumberbatch[383]

Benedict Cumberbatch[245]

Benedict Cumberbatch[257]

T'ChallaBlack Panther

Chadwick Boseman[238][384]

Thor

Chris Hemsworth[94]

Chris Hemsworth[257]

Chris Hemsworth[64]

Taneleer TivanThe Collector

Benicio del Toro[385]

Benicio del Toro[109]

Benicio del Toro[141]

Hope van DyneWasp

Evangeline Lilly[386][387]

Vision

Paul Bettany[388]

Paul Bettany[222]

Sam WilsonFalcon

Anthony Mackie[389][390]

Anthony Mackie[391]

Wong

Benedict Wong[392]

Benedict Wong[393]

text: Jump up ^ In June 2017 several interviews with Holland, Watts, and Feige revealed that the child whom Tony Stark saves from a drone in Iron Man 2 is Peter Parker.[59]

text: Home media[edit]

text: In June 2012, Marvel announced a 10-disc box set titled "Marvel Cinematic Universe: Phase One – Avengers Assembled", for release on September 25, 2012. The box set includes all six of the Phase One films—Iron Man, The Incredible Hulk, Iron Man 2, Thor, Captain America: The First Avenger, and Marvel's The Avengers—on Blu-ray and Blu-ray 3D, in a replica of Nick Fury's briefcase from The Avengers.[394] In August 2012, luggage company Rimowa GmbH, who developed the briefcase for The Avengers, filed suit against Marvel Studios and Buena Vista Home Entertainment in U.S. federal court, complaining that "Marvel did not obtain any license or authorization from Rimowa to make replica copies of the cases for any purpose."[395] The set was delayed to early 2013 for the packaging to be redesigned.[396] The box set, with a redesigned case, was released on April 2, 2013. In addition, the box set included a featurette on the then-upcoming Phase Two films, showing footage and concept art, as well as previously unreleased deleted scenes from all of the Phase One films.[397]

text: In July 2015, Marvel announced a 13-disc box set titled "Marvel Cinematic Universe: Phase Two Collection", for release on December 8, 2015, exclusive to Amazon.com. The box set includes all six of the Phase Two films—Iron Man 3, Thor: The Dark World, Captain America: The Winter Soldier, Guardians of the Galaxy, Avengers: Age of Ultron, and Ant-Man—on Blu-ray, Blu-ray 3D and a digital copy, in a replica of the Orb from Guardians of the Galaxy, plus a bonus disc and exclusive memorabilia. Material on the bonus disc includes all of the Marvel One-Shots with commentary, deleted scenes and pre-production creative features for each of the films, featurettes on the making of the post-credit scenes for the films, and first looks at Captain America: Civil War, Doctor Strange, and Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2.[398][399]

text: Reception[edit]

text: Box office performance[edit]

text:
Film

U.S. release date

Box office gross

All-time Ranking

Budget

Ref(s)

U.S. and Canada

Other territories

Worldwide

U.S. and Canada

Worldwide

Iron Man

May 2, 2008

$318,412,101

$266,762,121

$585,174,222

63

150

$140 million

[400]

The Incredible Hulk

June 13, 2008

$134,806,913

$128,620,638

$263,427,551

415

520

$150 million

[401]

Iron Man 2

May 7, 2010

$312,433,331

$311,500,000

$623,933,331

69

132

$200 million

[402]

Thor

May 6, 2011

$181,030,624

$268,295,994

$449,326,618

236

227

$150 million

[403]

Captain America: The First Avenger

July 22, 2011

$176,654,505

$193,915,269

$370,569,774

252

306

$140–216.7 million

[404]

Marvel's The Avengers

May 4, 2012

$623,357,910

$895,455,078

$1,518,812,988

7

6

$220 million

[405]

Iron Man 3

May 3, 2013

$409,013,994

$805,797,258

$1,214,811,252

25

15

$178.4 million

[406][407]

Thor: The Dark World

November 8, 2013

$206,362,140

$438,209,262

$644,571,402

185

123

$152.7 million

[408][407]

Captain America: The Winter Soldier

April 4, 2014

$259,766,572

$454,497,695

$714,264,267

107

100

$177 million

[409][410]

Guardians of the Galaxy

August 1, 2014

$333,176,600

$440,152,029

$773,328,629

56

84

$195.9 million

[411][412]

Avengers: Age of Ultron

May 1, 2015

$459,005,868

$946,397,826

$1,405,403,694

16

8

$365.5 million

[413][414]

Ant-Man

July 17, 2015

$180,202,163

$339,109,802

$519,311,965

238

185

$109.3 million

[415][414]

Captain America: Civil War

May 6, 2016

$408,084,349

$745,220,146

$1,153,304,495

26

17

$250 million

[416]

Doctor Strange

November 4, 2016

$232,641,920

$445,076,475

$677,718,395

142

112

$165–236.6 million

[417][418]

Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2

May 5, 2017

$389,813,101

$473,942,950

$863,756,051

33

62

$200 million

[419]

Spider-Man: Homecoming

July 7, 2017

$334,201,140

$545,965,784

$880,166,924

54

54

$175 million

[420]

Thor: Ragnarok

November 3, 2017

$315,058,289

$538,918,837

$853,977,126

67

65

$180 million

[421]

Black Panther

February 16, 2018

$699,900,993

$646,653,304

$1,346,554,297

3

9

$200–210 million

[422][423]

Avengers: Infinity War

April 27, 2018

$675,991,437

$1,365,088,563

$2,041,080,000

4

4

$316–400 million

[424][425]

Ant-Man and the Wasp

July 6, 2018

$132,825,225

$150,900,000

$283,725,739

426

480

$162 million

[426][427]

Total

$7009678273917500000♠6,782,739,175

$7010103354705450000♠10,335,470,545

$7010171831097200000♠17,183,109,720

1

1

$3.827–4.069 billion

[428][429]

text: Critical response[edit]

text:
Film

Rotten Tomatoes

Metacritic

Iron Man

94% (268 reviews)[430]

79 (38 reviews)[431]

The Incredible Hulk

67% (225 reviews)[432]

61 (38 reviews)[433]

Iron Man 2

73% (280 reviews)[434]

57 (40 reviews)[435]

Thor

77% (272 reviews)[436]

57 (40 reviews)[437]

Captain America: The First Avenger

79% (253 reviews)[438]

66 (43 reviews)[439]

Marvel's The Avengers

92% (330 reviews)[440]

69 (43 reviews)[441]

Iron Man 3

80% (300 reviews)[442]

62 (44 reviews)[443]

Thor: The Dark World

66% (256 reviews)[444]

54 (44 reviews)[445]

Captain America: The Winter Soldier

89% (276 reviews)[446]

70 (47 reviews)[447]

Guardians of the Galaxy

91% (299 reviews)[448]

76 (53 reviews)[449]

Avengers: Age of Ultron

75% (329 reviews)[450]

66 (49 reviews)[451]

Ant-Man

82% (290 reviews)[452]

64 (44 reviews)[453]

Captain America: Civil War

91% (364 reviews)[454]

75 (53 reviews)[455]

Doctor Strange

89% (314 reviews)[456]

72 (49 reviews)[457]

Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2

83% (343 reviews)[458]

67 (48 reviews)[459]

Spider-Man: Homecoming

92% (317 reviews)[460]

73 (51 reviews)[461]

Thor: Ragnarok

92% (335 reviews)[462]

74 (51 reviews)[463]

Black Panther

97% (378 reviews)[464]

88 (55 reviews)[465]

Avengers: Infinity War

83% (338 reviews)[466]

68 (53 reviews)[467]

Ant-Man and the Wasp

86% (240 reviews)[468]

70 (51 reviews)[469]

Average

84%

68

text: Future[edit]

text:
Film

U.S. release date

Director(s)

Screenwriter(s)

Producer(s)

Status

Phase Three[4]

Captain Marvel

March 8, 2019 (2019-03-08)[320]

Anna Boden and Ryan Fleck[470]

Meg LeFauve and Nicole Perlman andGeneva Robertson-Dworet andLiz Flahive & Carly Mensch andAnna Boden & Ryan Fleck[471]

Kevin Feige

Post-production

Untitled Avengers film

May 3, 2019 (2019-05-03)[226]

Anthony and Joe Russo[218]

Christopher Markus & Stephen McFeely[219]

Post-Phase Three

Spider-Man: Far From Home

July 5, 2019 (2019-07-05)[472]

Jon Watts[473]

Chris McKenna & Erik Sommers[474]

Kevin Feige and Amy Pascal

Filming

Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 3

2020 (2020)[475]

James Gunn[476]

Kevin Feige

In development

text: Captain Marvel (2019)[edit]

text: Carol Danvers becomes Captain Marvel, one of the galaxy's strongest heroes, after the Earth is caught in the center of an intergalactic conflict between two alien worlds.[471]

text: In May 2013, The Hollywood Reporter reported that Marvel had a working script for Ms. Marvel.[477] In October 2014, Marvel announced the film would be titled Captain Marvel and feature Carol Danvers.[226] In April 2015, Nicole Perlman and Meg LeFauve were announced as screenwriters.[478] At the 2016 San Diego Comic-Con, Brie Larson was confirmed to play the role of Carol Danvers.[479] In April 2017, Anna Boden and Ryan Fleck were hired to direct.[470] That August, Geneva Robertson-Dworet was revealed to be taking over as the film's screenwriter, replacing Perlman and LeFauve.[480] Liz Flahive, Carly Mensch, Boden and Ryan Fleck are also credited as screenwriters on the film.[471] Location filming occurred in January 2018,[481][482] while principal photography began in March in Los Angeles[483] and concluded in July.[484] The film is scheduled to be released on March 8, 2019.[320]

text: The film is set in the 1990s.[485] Jackson, Djimon Hounsou, Lee Pace, and Clark Gregg reprise their roles as Nick Fury, Korath, Ronan the Accuser, and Phil Coulson, respectively,[356][353] while the Skrull species are introduced to the MCU.[485]

text: Untitled Avengers film (2019)[edit]

text: The film was announced in October 2014 as Avengers: Infinity War – Part 2.[226] In April 2015, it was revealed that Anthony and Joe Russo would direct the film and in May, that Christopher Markus and Stephen McFeely would write the screenplay.[218][219] In July 2016, Marvel revealed the title would be changed, being known simply at that time as the Untitled Avengers film.[326] Brolin reprises his role as Thanos,[327][328] and is part of an ensemble cast featuring many actors who have appeared in other MCU films. Filming began in August 2017 in Atlanta,[486] and ended in January 2018.[487] The film is scheduled to be released on May 3, 2019.[226]

text: Spider-Man: Far From Home (2019)[edit]

text: In December 2016, Sony Pictures scheduled a sequel to Spider-Man: Homecoming for release on July 5, 2019.[472] A year later, Watts was confirmed to be returning to direct the film.[473] Chris McKenna and Erik Sommers, two of the writers of the first film, return to write the script.[474] Holland revealed the film's title as Spider-Man: Far From Home in late June 2018.[488] Filming began in July 2018, in England,[489] with filming occurring in Hertfordshire and London,[489][490] and will last until December 2018.[491]

text: The film is set after the untitled Avengers film.[492]

text: Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 3 (2020)[edit]

text: In April 2016, Kevin Feige stated that "Guardians 3 is [one film that's] up there" being considered for release beyond 2019.[493] In March 2017, Gunn stated that a third Guardians film would happen "for sure",[494] and the following month confirmed he would return to write and direct Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 3.[476] Filming is set to begin in January 2019.[495] The film is scheduled to be released in 2020.[475]

text: The film is set after the untitled Avengers film.[476]

text: Other potential projects[edit]

text: Disney has scheduled multiple release dates for untitled Marvel Studios films. These include: May 1, July 31, and November 6, 2020;[320][496][497][498] February 12, May 7, and November 5, 2021;[499][498] and February 18, May 6, and July 29, 2022.[498] In October 2016, Feige said it was a combination of knowing what films would occupy the 2020 dates and allowing some flexibility, saying, "We know what [films] we'd like them to be for 2020. Over the years, where we're aiming we've been lucky enough that it's usually been the same thing but we always leave ourselves the opportunity to bob and weave and adapt if we have to. But we know where we're headed for 2020 and we have ideas and we're beginning to solidify the years beyond that."[500] Feige and Marvel have additional storylines planned through 2028,[501] resulting in 20 films "on the docket that are completely different from anything that's come before—intentionally."[502]

text: In October 2014, in terms of Phase Four films, Feige said, for the time being, "We're not going to talk specifically about the story of any of those films, the plot of any of those films, what happens to any of the characters in any of those films. In fact, even to talk about any of those characters – who will be involved in those movies – will be a bit of a spoiler as to what may or may not happen to them in earlier movies."[191] In April 2016, Feige added, "We're only working on what's been announced through the end of 2019. And it is still a big chess board for 2020 and beyond."[493] A year later, Feige noted, "We have an idea [of what the MCU looks like post-Infinity War], and it's gonna be very, very different", but cautioned that Marvel would not be "actively discussing anything past untitled Avengers" besides dating the sequel to Spider-Man: Homecoming and that James Gunn would be working on Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 3. He also was not sure if Marvel would continue to group the films in phases once Phase Three concluded, that "it might be a new thing".[497] Feige noted Marvel hoped to reveal additional films after the release of the untitled Avengers film.[503] A second sequel to Homecoming is also planned.[504]

text: In February 2014, Feige stated that after exploring Black Widow's past in Age of Ultron, he would like to see it explored further in a solo film.[505] Marvel has done some development work for the potential film, including a "pretty in depth" treatment by Nicole Perlman,[505][506] and by May 2016, Feige stated that Marvel was "creatively and emotionally" committed to creating the solo film.[507] By January 2018, Jac Schaeffer was hired to write the script for the potential film.[508] That July, Cate Shortland was hired to direct, with Johansson reprising her role as Natasha Romanoff / Black Widow.[509]

text: By April 2018, Marvel had met with multiple screenwriters, to craft a film based on the Eternals, with a focus on the character Sersi. Feige stated that a film based on the group was "one of many many many things that we are actively beginning to have creative discussions about to see if we believe in them enough to put them on a slate."[510] A month later, Matthew and Ryan Firpo were hired to write the script for the project.[511]

text: In May 2013, The Hollywood Reporter reported that Marvel had a working script for Blade.[477] In July 2015, Wesley Snipes, who played Blade in three films before the character's rights reverted to Marvel, stated that he had discussions with Marvel to reprise the role.[512]

text: Repurposed projects[edit]

text: A film based on the Runaways went through a number of iterations. Brian K. Vaughan was originally hired to write a screenplay based on the property in May 2008.[513] In April 2010, Marvel hired Peter Sollett to direct the film,[514] and Drew Pearce was hired to write a script in May.[515] The following October, development on the film was put on hold,[516] with Pearce revealing in September 2013 that the Runaways film had been shelved in favor of The Avengers, with the earliest it could release being Phase Three.[517] In October 2014, after announcing all of Marvel's Phase Three films without Runaways, Feige stated the project was "still an awesome script that exists in our script vault", adding, "We'd love to do something with Runaways some day. In our television and future film discussions, it's always one that we talk about, because we have a solid draft there. But again, we can't make them all."[191] In August 2016, Marvel Television announced Marvel's Runaways from the streaming service Hulu,[518] with the series receiving a full season order in May 2017.[519] It premiered in November 2017.[520]

text: In April 2013, Feige mentioned the Inhumans as a property out of which he was "confident" a film would be made.[521] Inhumans as a concept would first be introduced to the MCU in 2014 through the second season of the television series Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.[522] By August 2014, the studio was ready to move forward in development with the film, with a screenplay written by Joe Robert Cole.[523] In October 2014, the film was announced for Phase Three[226] and scheduled for release July 2019.[307] By October 2015, Cole was no longer involved with the film and any potential drafts that he may have written would not be used.[524] In April 2016, Inhumans was removed from the release schedule,[525] and would no longer be a part of Phase Three.[526] In July 2016, Feige said Inhumans would "certainly" be a part of the discussion regarding the film ideas for 2020 and 2021,[527] adding the following November that he was still optimistic the film could be released in Phase Four.[528] In November 2016, Marvel Television announced the series Marvel's Inhumans, which premiered on ABC in September 2017, after the first two episodes were screened in IMAX.[529] The series was not intended to be a reworking of the film.[530] ABC canceled Inhumans after one season in May 2018.[531]


document_title: United States federal executive departments

question_text: the newest executive department in the united states government

root

text: Current executive departments[edit]

text: This article needs to be updated. Please update this section to reflect recent events or newly available information. (February 2012)

tag: table

text: Departments are listed by their present-day name and only departments with past or present cabinet-level status are listed.

tag: p

text:
Department
Creation
Order of
succession[1]
Notes
2009 Outlays
in billions
of dollars
Employees

State
1789[2]
4
Initially named "Department of Foreign Affairs"
16.39
18,900

Treasury
1789[3]
5

19.56
115,897

Justice
1870[4]
7
Attorney General created in 1789, but had no department until 1870
46.20
113,543

Interior
1849[5]
8
Took responsibility of offices previously managed by other departments, War, Treasury, and State, such as the Bureau of Indian Affairs, General Land Office, and United States Patent and Trademark Office that were seen as having little to do with their respective Departments.
90.00
71,436

Agriculture
1889[6]
9
Elevated to Cabinet level in 1889
134.12
109,832

Commerce
1903[7]
10
Originally named Commerce and Labor; Labor later separated
15.77
43,880[8]

Labor
1913[9]
11

137.97
17,347

Defense
1947[10]
6
Created by the National Security Act of 1947. Initially named "National Military Establishment" 1947-49. Created from a merger of the Department of War and Department of the Navy.
651.16
3,000,000

Health and Human Services
1953[9]
12
Originally the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare; Education later separated
879.20
67,000

Housing and Urban Development
1965[11]
13

40.53
10,600

Transportation
1966[12]
14

73.20
58,622

Energy
1977[13]
15

24.10
109,094

Education
1979[14]
16

45.40
4,487

Veterans Affairs
1989[15]
17
Formerly an independent agency as the Veterans Administration
97.70
235,000

Homeland Security
2002[16]
18
Created by the Homeland Security Act of 2002
40.00
240,000

Total outlays, employees:
        2,311.30Bn
4,214,652

text: Past executive departments[edit]

text:
Department
Dates of Operation
Notes

Department of War
1789–1947
Split into Department of the Army and Department of the Air Force in the National Security Act of 1947

Post Office Department
1792–1971
Reorganized as quasi-independent agency, United States Postal Service

Department of Commerce and Labor
1903–1913
Divided between Department of Commerce and Department of Labor

Department of the Army
1947–1949
From 1947 to 1949, these departments were executive departments with non-cabinet level secretaries who reported to the civilian Secretary of Defense with cabinet rank but no department. From 1949 on, they were Military Departments within the Department of Defense[17]

Department of the Navy
1798–1949

Department of the Air Force
1947–1949

Department of Health, Education, and Welfare
1953–1979
Divided between Department of Health and Human Services and Department of Education


document_title: Nutrient agar

question_text: nutrient agar is an example of what medium

text: Nutrient agar

text: Nutrient agar is a general purpose medium supporting growth of a wide range of non-fastidious organisms. It typically contains (mass/volume):[1]

text:
0.5% Peptone - this provides organic nitrogen
0.3% beef extract/yeast extract - the water-soluble content of these contribute vitamins, carbohydrates, nitrogen, and salts
1.5% agar - this gives the mixture solidity
0.5% Sodium Chloride - this gives the mixture proportions similar to those found in the cytoplasm of most organisms
distilled water - water serves as a transport medium for the agar's various substances
pH adjusted to neutral (6.8) at 25 °C.

tag: ul

text: These ingredients are combined and boiled for approximately one minute to ensure they are mixed and to sterilize them. Then they are cooled to around 50 °C (122 °F) and poured into Petri dishes which are covered immediately. Once the dishes hold solidified agar, they are stored upside down and are often refrigerated until used. Inoculation takes place on warm dishes rather than cool ones: if refrigerated for storage, the dishes must be rewarmed to room temperature prior to inoculation.


document_title: Binghamton Rumble Ponies

question_text: where did the name rumble ponies come from

text: Binghamton Rumble Ponies

text: History[edit]

text: In 1976, the franchise played as the Williamsport Bills in Williamsport, Pennsylvania. It played in Jersey City, New Jersey, in 1977 and 1978, then Buffalo, New York, from 1979 through 1984.

text: It returned to Williamsport in 1987. The team was an affiliate of the Cleveland Indians in 1987 and 1988, and of the Seattle Mariners during the 1989 and 1990 seasons. (The Bills franchise was actually two separate franchises. After the 1988 season, the original owners moved the Bills to Hagerstown, Maryland, while the Eastern League franchise based in Pittsfield, Massachusetts, moved back to Williamsport before the 1989 season.)

text: It was purchased by the New York Mets in 1991, and moved to Binghamton in 1992 as the Binghamton Mets.

text: In 2016, the franchise announced a plan to stay in Binghamton for the foreseeable future, and to change the team's name.[2] The team held a name-the-team contest on its website from May 17 to June 1; the finalists were the Bullheads (for the bullhead catfish abundant in the nearby Susquehanna River), Gobblers (for the rich hunting culture of the area, as well as the turkeys in Binghamton), Rocking Horses (for the Triple Cities' nickname as the "Carousel Capital of The World"), Rumble Ponies (also a carousel tribute), Stud Muffins (for the collections of carousel horses in Binghamton), and Timber Jockeys (for everyone who rides the carousels).[3][4] On November 3, 2016, the team announced that it would be rebranding as the Binghamton Rumble Ponies, and released a new logo.

text: Current roster[edit]

text:
Binghamton Rumble Ponies rostervte

Players

Coaches/Other

Pitchers

26 Matt Blackham
25 Justin Dunn
45 Matt Gage
18 Harol Gonzalez
 5 Mickey Jannis
33 Franklyn Kilome
-- Ricky Knapp
28 Kevin McGowan
47 Stephen Nogosek
14 Ryder Ryan
27 David Roseboom
-- Joseph Shaw
43 Corey Taylor
29 Joshua Torres
23 Adonis Uceta
30 Daniel Zamora
46 Joseph Zanghi

Catchers

11 Patrick Mazeika
17 Tyler Moore
 7 Tomás Nido
Infielders

 1 Josh Allen
 6 Andrew Ely
13 J.J. Franco
 2 Andrés Giménez
 3 Levi Michael
20 Joey Terdoslavich
16 Will Toffey
Outfielders

21 Patrick Biondi
 4 John Mora
-- Champ Stuart
12 Kevin Taylor
15 Tim Tebow
24 Jhoan Urena

Manager

19 Luis Rojas
Coaches

44 Valentino Pascucci (hitting)
 9 Luis Rivera   (bench)
48 Frank Viola (pitching)

 7-day disabled list
* On New York Mets 40-man roster
# Rehab assignment
∞ Reserve list
‡ Restricted list
§ Suspended list
† Temporary inactive list
Roster  updated August 1, 2018
Transactions
→ More rosters: MiLB • Eastern League
→ New York Mets minor league players

text: Season records[edit]

text: (Place indicates finish in Eastern League from 1987–93, in the Northern Division from 1994–2009, and in the Eastern Division from 2010. Bold indicates League Champion)

text:
1987: 60–79 (7th), managers Steve Swisher & Orlando Gomez
1988: 66–73 (6th), manager Mike Hargrove
1989: 63–77 (7th), manager Jay Ward
1990: 61–79 (7th), manager Rich Morales
1991: 60–79 (7th), manager Clint Hurdle

text:
1992: 79–59 (2nd), manager Steve Swisher
1993: 68–72 (5th), manager Steve Swisher
1994: 82–59 (1st), manager John Tamargo
1995: 67–75 (4th), manager John Tamargo
1996: 76–66 (2nd), manager John Tamargo
1997: 66–76 (4th), manager Rick Sweet
1998: 82–60 (2nd), manager John Gibbons
1999: 54–88 (6th), manager Doug Davis
2000: 82–58 (1st), manager Doug Davis
2001: 73–68 (4th), manager Howie Freiling
2002: 73–68 (3rd), manager Howie Freiling
2003: 63–78 (5th), manager John Stearns
2004: 76–66 (2nd), manager Ken Oberkfell
2005: 63–79 (6th), manager Jack Lind
2006: 70–70 (3rd), manager Juan Samuel
2007: 61–81 (6th), manager Mako Oliveras
2008: 73–69 (3rd), manager Mako Oliveras
2009: 54–86 (6th), manager Mako Oliveras
2010: 66–76 (5th), manager Tim Teufel
2011: 65–76 (5th), manager Wally Backman
2012: 68–74 (5th), manager Pedro López
2013: 86–55 (2nd), manager Pedro López
2014: 83–59 (1st), manager Pedro López
2015: 77-64 (2nd), manager Pedro López
2016: 63-77 (5th), manager Pedro López

text: 2017: 85-54 (2nd), manager Luis Rojas

text: Playoffs[edit]

text:
Season
Semifinals
Finals

1992
W, 3-1, Harrisburg
W, 3-2, Canton-Akron

1994
W, 3-0, New Haven
W, 3-1, Harrisburg

1996
L, 3-2, Portland
-

1998
L, 3-1, New Britain
-

2000
L, 3-1, New Haven
-

2004
L, 3-1, New Hampshire
-

2013
L, 3-0, Trenton
-

2014
W, 3-2, Portland
W, 3-0, Richmond

2015
L, 3-0, Reading
-

2017
L, 3-1, Trenton
-


document_title: Carnival Road March

question_text: who won the most road march in trinidad

question_tokens: who won the most road march in trinidad

text: Carnival Road March

text: Trinidad and Tobago[edit]

text: Below are over 100 T&T Road Marches starting from this year going back to 1800's when most calypsos were sung in Patios.

text:
Year

Performer

Song

Album / Notes

2018

Machel Montano and Superblue

"Soca Kingdom"

9th & 10th RM wins

2017

Ultimate Rejects featuring MX Prime

"Full Extreme"

2016

Machel Montano

"Waiting On the Stage"

Monk Evolution

2015

Machel Montano

"Like Ah Boss"

Monk Monte

2014

Machel Montano

"Ministry Of Road" (MOR)

Happiest Man Alive

2013

Superblue

"Fantastic Friday"

Soca Gold 2013

2012

Machel Montano

"Pump Yuh Flag" (PYF)

Double M

2011

Machel Montano

"Advantage"

The Return

2010

JW & Blaze

"Palance"

Monkey Steak Play Soca

2009

Fay-Ann Lyons

"Meet Super Blue"

2008

Fay-Ann Lyons

"Get On"

Best Of Best Soca 2008

2007

Machel Montano

"Jumbie"

Book of Angels

2006

Machel Montano and Patrice Roberts

"Band Of De Year" (BODY)

B.O.D.Y.

2005

Shurwayne Winchester

"Dead or Alive"

2004

Shurwayne Winchester

"The Band Coming"

Press Play

2003

Fay-Ann Lyons (3rd official female winner)

"Display"

Soca Gold 2003

2002

Naya George

"Trinidad"

Soca Gold 2002

2001

Shadow aka Mighty Shadow

"Stranger"

Shadow - Just For You

2000

Superblue / Iwer George (TIE)

"Pump Up" / "Carnival Come Back Again"

Soca Matrix / Iwer+Family

1999

Sanell Dempster (2nd official female winner)

"De River"

Blue Ventures 1999

1998

Wayne Rodriguez

"Footsteps"

Charge

1997

Machel Montano (1st Road March win)

"Big Truck"

Heavy Duty

1996

Nigel Lewis

"Moving"

1995

Super Blue

"Signal For Lara"

Happy Carnival

1994

Preacher

"Jump and Wave"

Rattlesnake Wine

1993

Super Blue

"Bacchanal Time"

Bacchanal Time

1992

Super Blue

"Jab Jab"

In The Power

1991

Super Blue (formerly Blue Boy)

"Get Something and Wave"

10th Anniversary

1990

Tambu

"No No We Eh Going Home"

The Cry

1989

Tambu

"Free Up"

The Journey

1988

Tambu

"This Party Is It"

Culture

1987

Mighty Duke

"Is Thunder"

Yesterday Today Tomorro

1986

David Rudder

"Bahia Gyal"

The Hammer

1985

Crazy

"Soucouyant"

Caribbean Hits Makers

1984

Sparrow (8th Road March win)

"Don't Back Back"

King Of The World

1983

Blue Boy

"Rebecca"

Superman

1982

Penguin

"Deputy"

Life Is A Lollipop

1981

Blue Boy

"Ethel"

Soca In Shaolin Temple

1980

Blue Boy (1st Road March win)

"Soca Baptist" (3rd soca song to win RM)

Blueboy's breakout song

1979

Poser

"Ah Tell She" (Smoke Ah Watty)

2nd soca song to win RM

1978

Calypso Rose (1st full soca song to win RM)

"Come Leh We Jam" (Soca Jam)

Her Majesty CalypsoRose

1977

Calypso Rose (1st official female winner)

"Give More Tempo" (uptempo calypso)

Action Is Tight

1976

Kitchener (11th and final Road March win)

"Flag Woman" (soca elements in bassline)

Kitch: Home For Carnival

1975

Kitchener

"Tribute to Spree"

Carnival Fever In Kitch

1974

Shadow

"Bass Man"

Bass Man LP

1973

Kitchener

"Rain-O-Rama"

We Walk 100 Miles

1972

Sparrow

"Drunk and Disorderly"

Hotter Than Ever

1971

Kitchener

"Mas' At Madison"

Curfew Time With Kitch

1970

Kitchener

"Margie"

Sock It To Me Kitch

1969

Sparrow

"Sa Sa Yea"

16 Carnival Hits (Ice)

1968

Kitchener

"Miss Tourist"

Play Mas' With Kitch

1967

Kitchener

"Sixty Seven"

16 Carnival Hits (Ice)

1966

Sparrow

"Obeah Wedding"

Calypso Genius Vol.1

1965

Kitchener

"My Pussin"

Mr. Kitch (RCA Victor)

1964

Kitchener

"Mama This is Mas"

Lord Kitchener (RCA)

1963

Kitchener

"The Road"

Klassic Kitchener Vol.Two

1962

Lord Blakie

"Maria"

Trinidad All Time Calypso

1961

Sparrow

"Royal Jail"

Sparrow The Conqueror

1960

Sparrow

"May May"

Calypso King Of Trinidad

1959

Lord Caruso

"Run the Gunslingers"

Ten For The Road

1958

Sparrow

"Pay As You Earn"

16 Carnival Hits (Ice)

1957

Lord Christo / Nelson Cato

"Chicken Chest" / "Doctor Nelson"

Two competitions

1956

Sparrow (1st Road March win)

"Jean and Dinah" (Yankee's Gone)

Sparrow's breakout song

1955

Obernkirchen Children's Choir

"The Happy Wanderer" (Valderi, Valdera!)

German pop song

1954

Lord Blakie

"Steel Band Clash"

1953

Vivian Comma / Spit Fire

"Madeline Oye" / "Bow Wow Wow"

Two competitions

1952

Spit Fire

"Post, Post Another Letter For Thelma"

1951

Mighty Terror

"Tiny Davis Blow"

1950

Mighty Killer

"In A Calabash"

1949

Lord Wonder

"Ramgoat Baptism"

1948

Lord Melody or King Radio

"Canaan Barrow" or "Who Dead Canaan?"

To confirm correct winner

1947

King Pharaoh

"Portuguese Dance" (Vishki Vashki Voo)

1946

Kitchener (1st official Road March win)

"Jump In The Line"

Competition renamed

1945

World War II (No Official Carnival): Lion

"(All Day All Night,) Mary-Ann"

Calypso Carnival (Decca)

1944

World War II (No Official Carnival): Radio

"Brown Skin Girl"

1943

World War II (No Official Carnival): Invader

"Rum & Coca Cola"

Lord Invader Calypso

1942

World War II (No Official Carnival):Kitchener

"Green Fig"

Kitchener's breakout song

1941

Lion (aka Roaring Lion)

"Whoopsin Whoopsin"

1940

Lord Beginner

"Run Yuh Run"

1939

King Radio

"Mathilda"

Rough Guide To Calypso

1938

Lion (aka Roaring Lion)

"No Nora Darling"

1937

Lion (aka Roaring Lion)

"Netty Netty"

Roaring Lion Sacred 78's

1936

Lion (aka Roaring Lion)

"Advantage Could Never Done"

1935

Lion (aka Roaring Lion)

"Dingolay Oy"

1934

Railway Douglas

"After Johnny Drink Me Rum"

1933

King Radio

"Wash Pan Wash"

1932

King Radio (1st official "Leggo" champion)

"Tiger Tom Play Tiger Cat"

1st official competition

1931

King Houdini

"Mr. Huggins" (Remake)

1930

Inveigler

"Captain Cipriani"

1928

Mentor

"Mr. Huggins"

1927

Atilla The Hun

"???" (Song to be confirmed)

1926

Sam Manning

"Camilla"

Sam Manning Volume 1

1925

King Houdini

"Fire Brigade Water the Road"

1924

??? (Singer to be confirmed)

"Mavis Powder"

1923

King Houdini

"Sly Mongoose"

1922

Atilla The Hun

"Toddy"

1920

Atilla The Hun

"Bigman Sweetman"

1918

World War I (No Official Carnival)

(No champion "Breakaway/Leggo" chosen)

1917

World War I (No Official Carnival)

(No champion "Breakaway/Leggo" chosen)

1916

World War I (No Official Carnival)

(No champion "Breakaway/Leggo" chosen)

1915

World War I (No Official Carnival)

(No champion "Breakaway/Leggo" chosen)

1911

Lionel Belasco

"Poeme One"

Year b4 1st recordings

1906

Sophie Mataloney[2] (aka Jamette Matador)

"Pauline" (Adaptation of Guadeloupe folk song)

Sung in Patios & English

1899

Chantwell

"Prisonié Lévéz" (Version of 1830's Hit)

Sung in Patios & English

1897

Chantwell

"J'ouvert Band"

Sung in Patios & English

1834

Congo Barra or other early Calypsonian

"Point De Six Ans" (means "No Six Years")

Protest Calypso in Patios

text: Antigua and Barbuda[edit]

text:
2018

Performer

Song

Album / Notes

2018

Red Hot Nation

"Gallop"

2017

Claudette CP Peters (First Female Winner)

"Out Deh"

2016

Tian Winter

"In De Middle"

2015

Boasta

"Ole time Something"

2014

Menace

"Fete Me Ah Fete"

2013

Ezzy Rattigan

"Golden Cup"

2012

Burning Flames

"Kick Een She Back Door"

2011

Hard Knaxx

"KFC (Kentucky)"

2010

Burning Flames

"Bullbud"

2009

Red Hot Flames

"Trademark"

2008

Red Hot Flames

"Musical Bomb"

2007

Burning Flames

"Papi"

2006

Red Hot Flames

"Trouble"

2005

Burning Flames

"De Harder Dey Come"

2004

Burning Flames

"Road Rage"

2003

Burning Flames

"Rush"

2002

Wanskie

"More Gyal"

2001

High Intensity

"Ole Time Something"

2000

Calypso Jim

"Exercise"

1999

Burning Flames

"I Command You"

1998

Burning Flames

"Sweet Song"

1997

Burning Flames

"Crazy Man"

1996

Burning Flames

"Fire Unda Me Foot"

1995

Burning Flames

"Gym Jam"

1994

Vision Band ft Eddie Mello

"Dress Back"

1993

Burning Flames

"Wet Down De Place"

1992

Burning Flames

"Donkey"

1991

Burning Flames

"Piece of Iron"

1990

Burning Flames

"Congo Man"

1989

Burning Flames

"Workey Workey"

1988

Lion

"Bad Girl"

1987

Short Shirt

"J'Ouvert Rhythm"

1986

Burning Flames

"Rudeness Mek Me"

1985

Burning Flames

"Stylie Tight"

1984

Swallow

"Satan Coming Down"

1983

Swallow

"Party In Space"

1982

Short Shirt

"Push"

1981

Redding

"Up and Jumping"

1980

Short Shirt

"Summer Festival"

1979

Short Shirt

"Kangaroo Jam"

1978

Short Shirt

"Benna Music"

1977

La Tumba

"Supa Jam"

1976

Short Shirt

"Tourist Leggo"

1975

Swallow

"Shake and Break You Bam Bam"

1974

Short Shirt

"Lucinda"

1973

Swallow

"Push Ya, Push Dy"

1972

Swallow

"Pow Pow"

1971

Razor Blade

"Shake You Waist"

1970

Calypso Joe

"Bum Bum"

text: Barbados[edit]

text:
Year

Performer

Song

Album / Notes

2017

Stiffy

"Tip & Ben Ova"

2016

Lil Rick

"Iz A Bajan"

2015

Peter Ram

"All Ah We"

Get Soca 2016

2014

Lead Pipe & Saddis

"Ah Feeling"

2013

Soca Kartel

"Roll It"

2012

Mikey

"We Loose"

2011

Edwin Yearwood

"Cova de Road"

2010

Blood

"Foot On Fire"

2009

Edwin Yearwood

"In Da Middle Of Da Road"

2008

Edwin Yearwood

"Handle Yah Business"

2007

Mr Dale

"Soka Junkie"

2006

Jabae

"Flames"

2005

Natahlee & Shontelle

"Colours"

2004

Mikey

"Come Together"

2003

Lil' Rick

"Mash Up & Buy Back"

2002

Lil' Rick

"Hypa Dogg"

2001

Krosfyah

"Sak Pase"

2000

Rupee

"Jump"

1999

Red Plastic Bag

"Volcano"

1998

Grynner

"Grind Them"

1997 (TIE)

Alison Hinds / Edwin Yearwood

"In The Meantime" / "Highway Robbery"

1996

Alison Hinds

"Raggamuffin"

1995

Edwin Yearwood

"Obadele"

1994

Serenader

"Juck Fuh Juck"

1993

Ras Iley

"Inez"

1992

De Great Carew

"Mad Woman Jam"

1991

Madd

"Tribute To Grynner"

1990

Grynner

"Get Out The Way"

1989

Grynner

"Leggo I Hand"

1988

Grynner

"Wait For Me"

1987

Red Plastic Bag

"Can't Find Me Brudda"

1986

Ras Iley

"Spring Garden On Fire"

1985

Grynner

"More Grynner"

1984

Grynner

"Stinging Bees"

1983

Grynner

"Mr T"

1982

Mighty Gabby

"Jack"

1981

Adonijah

"Ethiopian Rock"

1980

Viper

"Ting Tong"

1979

Mighty Gabby

"Burn Mister Harding"

text: Grenada[edit]

text: Grenada Carnival also known as Spicemas was founded to celebrate the anniversary of the independence of Grenada, Carriacou, and Petit Martinique, which gained their independence on 7 February 1974. In 1978 Grenada Carnival was moved to the month of May by the Eric Gairy led government but after that government was overthrown in March 1979, the 1979 Carnival celebration was cancelled. In 1980 the new People’s Revolutionary Government (PRG) led by Maurice Bishop brought back Grenada Carnival, which was held in May that year. After a feasibility study Grenada Carnival was moved to August the following year.[3] Hence annually from 1981 Grenada's Carnival has been held in August culminating with their Road March competition. If anyone has reliable details of the Grenada Road March winners and songs between 1974 and 1978 and also for 1980 please also contribute.

text:
Year

Performer

Song

Album / Notes

2017

Lil Natty & Thunda

"Top Striker"

2016

Lil Natty & Thunda

"Take It To Dem"

2015

Synnah

"Jab on Sesame Street"

2014

Squeeze Head

"Turbo Charge"

2013

Boyzie

"Mas Everywhere"

2012

Boyzie

"Born Troublesome"

2011

Lavaman

"So We Dey"

2010

Otis

"Tornado"

2009

Mr. Killa

"Swing It Away"

2008

Miney

"10,000 Masqueraders"

2007

Berbice

"Traffic"

2006

Soca Banton

"Over You Head"

2005

Boogie B

"Clear The Smoke"

2004

General PP

"Never Say Never"

2003

Super P

"Do What You Want"

2002

Japs

"Helicopter"

2001

Tallpree

"Rags Invasion"

2000

Tallpree

"Grave, Jail, Hospital"

1999

Sheldon Douglas

"Find Something"

1998

Sheldon Douglas

"Stamp Up"

1997

Tangler

"Chala Baiti"

1996

Tangler

"Bouncing Low"

1995

Inspector

"Madness"

1994

Inspector

"Sweeter Than Home"

1993

Flying Cloud

"Way You Man"

1992

Flying Cloud

"Raise You Hand"

1991

Moss International

"Jambalasie"

1990

Ajamu

"Open Up"

1989

Skylark

"Simple Policeman"

1988

Black Wizard

"Soca Feeling"

1987

Squeezy

"To Cork Ah Hole"

1986

Inspector

"No Kicks"

1985

Inspector

"Dance"

1984

Flying Turkey

"Byron"

1983

African Teller

"You Cock Ain’t Dey"

1982

Snakey Boy

"Charmaine Darling"

1981

Timpo

"We Want We Carnival"

text: St. Lucia[edit]

text: Invader has won the Road March in St. Lucia seven times. In a period from 1970-1972 and again from 1974-1976, Road March winners were imported from Trinidad and Tobago.

text:
Year

Performer

Song

Album / Notes

2018

Krome Ft Nassis

"Bend Dong For De Hmm"

2017

Ricky T

"Sully"

2016

Mac 11

"Padnas"

2015

Ricky T & Superman HD

"Perfect Storm"

2014

J Mouse

"Hurt It"

2013

Ricky T

"Mass Attack"

2012

Soca Syco

"Gallop"

2011

Ricky T

"Mad Ting"

2010

DJ HP

"Pa Mele”

2009

Ricky T

"Like a Jumbie"

2008

Ricky T

"Wheel & Come Again"

2007

Ricky T

"Pressure Boom"

2006

[Tie] Ricky T/Vertex Band

"Bring Your Container"/My Pressure Up

2005

Nicole David

"Queen of the Jungle (Bounce)"

2004

Alpha

"Down De Road"

2003

X Man

"Pee Pee In Me Poo Poo"

2002

Invader

"Bo Bee Wia Wea"

2001

Invader

"Be Le Lesh"

2000

Rootsy

"Hillary"

1999

Invader

"Take My Money"

1998

Jaunty

"Military Jam"

1997

Twop Chance

"Hospital Burning"

1996

Jaunty

"Bobolist'"

1995

Jaunty

"We Shall Hop"

1994

Stylist Black

"Okay Okay"

1993

Jaunty

"Oh La Lay"

1992

Invader

"Vievxe Nomme Sa La"

1991

[Tie] Invader/Buffalo

"Wine Down William Peter"/”Manje”

1990

Translator

"Ninja"

1989

Educator

"Calypso Tyson"

1988

Chippy

"One Bad Prick"

1987

Inspector Red

"Zodi Zodi"

1986

Ashanti

"Sufferer’s Song"

1985

Invader

"Carnal Knowledge"

1984

Shakey

"Twavay Mwen Vle"

1983

Invader

"Yellow Man"

1982

Get Through

"What De People Chanting"

1981

Educator

"Mon Kon Arrow"

1980

Jackson

"Guy Love Dance"

1979

Barrie

"Sailor In The Band”

1978

Pelay

"Sweet Suzette"

1977

Prince

"Doh Smoke Dope"

1973

Desper

"Popham ‘72"

1969

Pelay

"Jump, Jump, Jump"

text: St. Vincent[edit]

text:
Year

Performer

Song

Album / Notes

2018

Fimba

"Funky Business"

2017

Problem Child

"Never Bow"

2016

Hypa 4000

"No Behaviour"

2015

Hypa 4000

"Dutty Dancing"

2014

Fireman Hooper

"Unruly"

2013

Skinny Fabulous

"The General"

2012

Fya Empress

"Rum Please"

2011

Gao

"The Sheep

2010

Maddzart

"The King Road"

2009

Problem Child

"Mad House"

2008

Icon

"Two Knees"

2007

Problem Child

"Party Animal"

2006

Jamesy P & Skarpyon

"Leave Me Alone"

2005

DJ Twenty & Poorsah

"Googa Googa"

2004

Bomani

"I Am Soca"

2003

Poorsah

"Sling Shot"

2002

Poorsah

"Chook It”

2001

Poorsah

"Hairy Bank"

2000

Touch

"Take Away"

1999

Becket

"Small Pin"

1998

Becket

"Tone Up"

1997

Rebels

"Rumping"

1996

New Direction

"Rudeness on the Road"

1995

Touch

"Macco"

1994

Touch

"Butt"

1993

Touch

"Kangaroo"

1992

Touch

"Puss Man"

1991

Touch

"Move Yo Front"

1990

Becket

"Teaser"

1989

Touch

"Jam Dem"

1988

Poorsah

"Mouth in Me Moma"

1987

Becket

"Ten Years"

1986

Becket

"Ah Want Soca"

1985

Becket

"Tone"

1984

Man CP

"Rhythm Colour"

1983

Poorsah

"Right Up In Dey"

1982

Scakes

"Mambo in De Disco"

1981

Asterisks

"Yuh Can’t Wine"

1980

Becket

"Cocoa"

1978

Becket

"Wine Down Kingstown"

1977

Mighty Gringo

"Don’t Lock Me Up"

1976

King Brooklyn

"Largo Heights Busy Heights"

1975

Mighty Gringo

"Leggo Me Hand"

1974

Mighty Toiler

"The Puppy"

1973

Lord Hawke

"Ding Dong"

1972

Lord Hawke

"Oupane"

1971

Lord Hawke

"Sweeeter That This"

text: Saint Kitts and Nevis[edit]

text:
Year

Performer

Song

Album / Notes

2015

Small Axe Band

"Pepper Dem"

2014

Small Axe Band

"Bottoms in de Road"

2013

Small Axe Band

"We Got De Hardware"

2012

Small Axe Band

"Do The DCH"

2011

Grand Masters

"None a Dem (Step Pon Dem)"

2010

King Konris

"Unstoppable Force"

2009

Grand Masters

"Bust U Bubble"

2008

Grand Masters

"A Want Whale"

2007

Grand Masters

"Boom Boom Bam"

2006

Small Axe Band

"Masquerade"

2005

Nu Vybes

"Ting Lang"

2004

Grand Masters

"Money Wutt"

2003

Small Axe Band

"Watch De Creep Up"

2002

Nu Vybes

"Step Up"

2001

Nu Vybes

"Sugar"

2000

Small Axe Band

"Shub Back On De"

1999

Grand Masters

"Millenium Jam"

1998

Grand Masters

"Masters' Massive"

1997

Nu Vybes

"Street Style"

1996

Nu Vybes

"Hand Signal"

1995

Pungwa

"Stranded Night"

1994

A U Brown

"Fan Me"

1992

Ellie Matt

"Jump"

1991

Mic Stokes

"All Kinda Tings"

1990

Small Axe

"Pan Man"

1989

Small Axe

"Who is De Dan"

1988

Small Axe

"Big League"

1987

Grand Masters

"Masters' Jam"

1986

De Coach/ Contender

"De Boops"/ "Living in De Band"

1985

Mic Stokes

"One Shot Man"

1984

Shango

"Chin Chin Bar"

1982

Ellie Matt

"Patsy"

1981

Starshield

"Hooray Mass"

1980

Ranger

"Seven Day Mass"

1979

Ellie Matt

"Tune for De Children"

1978

Ellie Matt

"Sugar City Jam"

1977

Ellie Matt

"Shang Shang"

1976

Ellie Matt

"Jam Back"

1975

Arrow

"Rummy Song"

1974

Mark the First

"Come Forward"

1973

Ellie Matt

"All Day, All Night"

1972

Controller

"Right On"

1971

Sundar Popo

"Play You Mas"

Trinidadian artist and song

text: Saint Thomas, US Virgin Islands[edit]

text: The Jam Band, formerly Eddie and the Movements has won the Road March Title a record 21 times.

text:
Year

Performer

Song

Album / Notes

2018

Spectrum Band

"Cyah Mash up Carnival"

2017

Spectrum Band

"My Life"

2016

Spectrum Band

"I Don't Care"

2015

Spectrum Band

"Left Right Stop Wukup"

2014 [Tie]

Spectrum Band/Volume International XL

"Manners"/"Recipe"

2013

Spectrum Band

"Wake Up To Wuk Up"

2012

Spectrum Band

"V.I. Party"

2011

Spectrum Band

"Boom"

2010

Spectrum Band

"Kallaloo"

2009

Jam Band

"Sickness"

2008

JDPP Jammerz

"Bedrock"

2007

JDPP Jammerz

"Bunny Train"

2006

Whadablee

"Steel Pan Comin Up Deh Road"

2005

Jam Band

"How To Take De Road"

2004

Jam Band

"Soldiers"

2003

Jam Band

"Jockey"

2002

Alwyn Baptiste Jr and Pat Raguette of the Xpress Band

"Happy Birthday Carnival"

2001

Jam Band

"Tear Down De Roof"

2000

Jam Band

"Inspection Lane"

1999

Jam Band

"Iron"

1998

Whadablee

"This One is for Milo"

1997

Jam Band

"Road Runner"

1996

Jam Band

"Time For Wuk"

1995

Jam Band

"Man Terrible"

1994

Jam Band

"Showtime"

1993

Jam Band

"Possessed"

1992

Imaginations Brass

"All Out Posse"

1991

Jam Band

"Let Loose"

1990

Jam Band [Formerly Eddie and the Movements]

"Horse Chip"

1989

Eddie and the Movements

"We Run Things"

1988

Eddie and the Movements

"Kool Um Down"

1987

Eddie and the Movements

"Legal"

1986

Eddie and the Movements

"Lamboushay"

1985

Eddie and the Movements

"Pepper"

1984

Eddie and the Movements

"Tramping Style"

1983

Mandingo Brass

"Traffic Tight"

1982

Mandingo Brass

"Off Man Jam"

1981

Eddie and the Movements

"Backbone"

1980

Dread Ones

"Hey Hey Hey"

1979

Mandingo Brass

"Man For She"

1978 [Tie]

Ellie Matt and the G.I. Brass/Mandingo Brass

"Shang Shang/Winey Eva Mae"

text: Anguilla[edit]

text:
Year

Performer

Song

Album / Notes

2017

Infusion XL

"Look Me Over Here"

Levels Up

2016

Exodus HD

2015

Exodus HD

"Hello"

Thrillogy

2014

Exodus HD

"Wash & Rinse"

De Encore

2013

Exodus HD [Formerly Exodus Band]

"For Di Fans Dem"

For Di Fans Dem

2012

Pantha Vibes International

"On De Road (My Riddim)"

2011

Pantha Vibes International

"I Love PVI"

2010

Pantha Vibes International

"Make It Rain"

2009

Exodus Band [Currently Exodus HD]

"Cut Them Off"

2008

Pantha Vibes International

"We want Action"

2007

Better Band

"Keep Movin"

2006

Better Band

"Jam-A-Robics"

2005

Better Band

"Imagine"

2004

Better Band

"Toss Up"

2003

Mussington Brothers

"Dust Dem"

2002

Mussington Brothers

"Dig Um"

2001

AXA Band

"Caribbean Mass"

2000

Better Band

"Misbehave"

1999

Better Band (Formerly Vito)

"Soggy"

1998

Vito

"Raise De Roof"

1997

AXA Band

"On De Track"

1996

??

"??"

1995

Mussington Brothers

"J’ouvert Slammer"

1994

Mussington Brothers

"Hold Ya Balance"

1993

Mussington Brothers

"Jump Up Jam"

1992

Mussington Brothers

"It’s A Business"

1991

Mussington Brothers

"In De Valley"

1990

Lord Anything

"Tired Bodies"

text: United Kingdom[edit]

text:
Year

Performer

Song

Album / Notes

2013

Soca Johnny

"Don't Do That"

2012

Chardanai

"See Mi On The Road"

2011

Chardanai

"Down Deh"

2010

Soca Johnny

"Madness"