document_title: In the Heights

question_text: who owns the rights to in the heights

question_tokens: who owns the rights to in the heights

text: In the Heights

text: Background[edit]

text: Miranda wrote the earliest draft of In the Heights in 1999, his sophomore year of college. After the show was accepted by Wesleyan University's student theater company Second Stage, Miranda added "freestyle rap ... bodegas, and salsa numbers."[1] It played from April 27 to 29, 2000. After seeing the play, three Wesleyan seniors and one alumnus, John Buffalo Mailer, Neil Stewart, Anthony Veneziale and Thomas Kail, approached Miranda and asked if the play could be expanded with a view to a Broadway production. In 2002, Miranda and Mailer worked with director Kail and wrote five separate drafts of In the Heights.[citation needed] Book writer Quiara Alegría Hudes joined the team in 2004.[2]

text: Productions[edit]

text: Connecticut (2005) and off-Broadway (2007) tryouts[edit]

text: A new version of In the Heights was presented at the National Music Theater Conference at the Eugene O'Neill Theater Center in Waterford, Connecticut in 2005, directed by Thomas Kail and with music director Alex Lacamoire.[3][4] The cast featured: Natalie Cortez, Janet Dacal, Robin De Jesus, Huey Dunbar, Christopher Jackson, Doreen Montalvo, Javier Muñoz, Rick Negron, Sheena Marie Ortiz, Matt Saldivar, Monica Salazar, and Nancy Ticotin[5]

text: It then opened at the Off-Broadway 37 Arts Theater, running from February 8, 2007, through July 15, 2007. Directed by Thomas Kail, with choreography by Andy Blankenbuehler and music direction by Alex Lacamoire, it was produced by Jill Furman, Kevin McCollum, Jeffrey Seller and Sander Jacobs. The Off-Broadway production was nominated for nine Drama Desk Awards, winning two, as well as winning the Outer Critics' Circle Award for Outstanding Musical.[6]

text: Broadway (2008–2011)[edit]

text: The musical premiered on Broadway, starting in previews on February 14, 2008,[7] with an official opening on March 9, 2008, at the Richard Rodgers Theatre. The Broadway production was again directed and choreographed by Kail and Blankenbuehler, with most of the off-Broadway principals reprising their roles. The creative team included set design by Anna Louizos, costume design by Paul Tazewell, lighting design by Howell Binkley, sound design by Acme Sound Partners, arrangements and orchestrations by Alex Lacamoire and Bill Sherman, and music coordination by Michael Keller.

text: The producers announced on January 8, 2009, that the show had recouped its $10 million investment after 10 months.[8] The cast recording was released on June 3, 2008, by Ghostlight Records and won the 51st Annual Grammy Award for Best Musical Show Album, beating the recordings of The Little Mermaid, Young Frankenstein, and the revivals of Gypsy and South Pacific. The Broadway production celebrated its 1000th performance on August 2, 2010.[9]

text: The Broadway production closed on January 9, 2011, after 29 previews and 1,184 regular performances.[10][11] The final cast starred Lin-Manuel Miranda, Arielle Jacobs, Marcy Harriell, Shaun Taylor-Corbett, Olga Merediz, Andréa Burns, Christopher Jackson, Tony Chriroldes and Priscilla Lopez. Jon Rua starred as Graffiti Pete and understudied for the roles of Usnavi and Sonny for a large portion of 2010.[12]

text: North American tour (2009–2011)[edit]

text: The first national tour of In the Heights began on October 27, 2009, in Tampa, Florida.[13] The musical ran in San Juan, Puerto Rico in November 2010, the first time an Equity tour has played in the city. Librettist Hudes and songwriter-star Miranda are both of Puerto Rican descent. Miranda played this engagement.[14] The tour closed on April 3, 2011, at the Adrienne Arsht Center for the Performing Arts in Miami, Florida.[15] At the time of its closing, the tour starred Joseph Morales as Usnavi.[16]

text: Manila, Philippines (2011)[edit]

text: The international premiere ran in Manila, Philippines, from September 2 to 18, 2011. The new production was directed by Bobby Garcia and starred Nyoy Volante as Usnavi, Ima Castro as Vanessa, K-La Rivera as Nina Rosario, Felix Rivera as Benny, Calvin Millado as Kevin Rosario, Jackie Lou Blanco as Camila Rosario, Tex Ordoñez as Daniela, Tanya Manalang as Carla, and Jay Glorioso as Abuela Claudia.[17] The show had a repeat run in March 2012.[18]

text: Non-Equity US tour (2011–2012)[edit]

text: A non-Equity United States national tour of In The Heights ran from October 17, 2011, until June 2012.[19][20][21] The tour played in Chicago in January 2012, with Virginia Cavaliere as Nina, Presilah Nunez as Vanessa, Kyle Carter as Benny, and Perry Young as Usnavi.[22]

text: Panama City, Panama (2013) and São Paulo, Brazil (2014)[edit]

text: In Panama, Carnaval del Barrio (In the Heights) was staged at the famed Teatro en Círculo, from the October 3 to 31, 2013, produced by Top Line Events and directed by Aaron Zebede, who also adapted the book and songs to Spanglish, which worked perfectly for a Panamanian audience. Jose "Pepe" Casis was the musical director, who also played the part of Piragua Guy.[23]

text: The Brazilian premiere of Nas Alturas was staged at Teatro Bradesco from April 17 until May 25, 2014. The cast featured Myra Ruiz (Nina), Ricardo Marques (Benny), Mauro Gorini (Kevin), Germana Guilherme (Camila), Renata Brás (Daniela), Milena Martines (Carla), Lola Fanucchi (Vanessa), Thiago Vianna (Graffiti) and Rafael Dantas (Piragua Guy).

text: West End, United Kingdom (2014)[edit]

text: The UK premiere of In The Heights was staged at Southwark Playhouse from 9 May until June 7, 2014. The cast featured Sam Mackay as Usnavi, Christina Modestou as Nina, David Bedella as Kevin Rosario and Victoria Hamilton-Barritt as Daniela, with direction by Luke Sheppard.[24]

text: Tokyo, Japan (2014) and Melbourne, Australia (2015)[edit]

text: The Japanese premiere played in Bunkamura's Theatre Cocoon from April 9 until April 20, 2014, and featured Yuya Matsushita, Ayaka Umeda, Chihiro Otsuka, and Motomu Azaki, among others.[25]

text: The Australian premiere of In The Heights, produced by StageArt, opened at Chapel Off Chapel on Feb 20 and ran for a short season of 21 shows, closing on March 8. Directed by James Cutler, Musical Direction by Cameron Thomas and choreographed by Yvette Lee, the show received overwhelming critical acclaim.[citation needed]

text: Off-West End, United Kingdom (2015–2017)[edit]

text: In the Heights transferred to the King's Cross Theatre, London on October 3, 2015.[26] The production was directed by Luke Sheppard, choreographed by Drew McOnie with musical supervision by Tom Deering. The production was nominated for four awards at the 2016 Olivier Awards: Best New Musical, Best Theatre Choreographer (Drew McOnie), Outstanding Achievement in Music and Best Actor in a Supporting Role in a Musical (David Bedella).[27] The performance of the production at the Olivier Awards was introduced by Jonathan Groff, in character as King George from Miranda's musical Hamilton.[28] The production closed on January 8, 2017, after a hugely successful run; with several extensions from its initial 4 month limited run.[29] The final show was concluded with speeches by actor Sam Mackay and producer Paul Taylor Mills, and a surprise appearance by Lin-Manuel Miranda.[30]

text: Vancouver, Canada and Seoul, South Korea (2015)[edit]

text: The Canadian premiere of In the Heights, produced by The Arts Club, opened at the Stanley Industrial Alliance Stage on May 6, 2015. Directed by Bill Millerd with co-direction and choreography by Lisa Stevens and musical direction by Ken Cormier. The cast featured Luc Roderique as Usnavi, Elena Juatco as Vanessa, Kate Blackburn as Nina, Chris Sams as Benny, Sharon Crandall as Abuela Claudia, Caleb Di Pomponio as Sonny, Francisco Trujillo as Kevin, Caitriona Murphy as Camila, Irene Karas Loeper as Daniela, Julia Harnett as Carla, Michael Culp as Graffiti Pete and Michael Antonakos as Piragua Guy.

text: The South Korean production opened in the Samsung Card Hall, Blue Square, Seoul on September 4, 2015. The production was scheduled to star numerous K-pop and hip hop musicians including Jeong Won-young, Yang Dong-geun, Jang Dongwoo of Infinite, and Key from Shinee as Usnavi, Seo Kyeong-su, Kim Sung-kyu of Infinite, and Chen from EXO as Benny, and Kim Bo-kyeong, Luna of f(x) as Nina.[31]

text: Lima, Peru (2016)[edit]

text: Los Productores presented In the Heights during the first months of 2016. The premiere took place on January 20, 2016, at Luigi Pirandello Theater amid allegations of racism.[32] The composition of the cast does not match those characteristics that the original work proposed. While the original work proposed racial diversity as an essential feature, the Peruvian version has a cast composed mainly of actors with white ancestry and not one single actor with native indigenous background.[33] Gisela Ponce de León, a member of the cast, said, "Peruvians are experts in self-managed racism."[34]

text: US Spanish Premiere (2017)[edit]

text: Directed and choreographed by Luis Salgado, a member of the original Broadway Cast, and Assistant Latin Choreographer to Mr. Blankenbuehler, and presented by GALA Hispanic Theater, In The Heights had his Spanish Premiere in the US on April of 2017. While Spanish-language versions of In the Heights have been produced in Latin America, this production is distinctive for several reasons: It is the first Spanish version of the show in the United States, it is the first Spanish translation sanctioned and approved by Lin-Manuel Miranda, and it is directed and choreographed by Luis Salgado, Assistant Latin Choreographer on the original Broadway production of In the Heights.[35] The production included lyrics and scenes in Spanish, with elements from the original English, as well as an English anchor through the character of Benny. The production offered English and Spanish surtitles.

text: The production combined a varied Spanish speaking cast from countries including the Dominican Republic, Venezuela, Spain, Colombia, Peru, Mexico, Puerto Rico, Switzerland and the USA. It starred Juan Luis Espinal (Usnavi), Verónica Álvarez Robles (Vanessa), Laura Lebrón (Nina), Vaugh Midder (Benny), Scheherazade Quiroga (Daniela), Shadia Fairuz (Camila), Rafael Beato (Sonny), Michelle Ríos (Abuela Claudia), José Fernando Capellán (Kevin), Gabriella Pérez (Carla), Myriam Gadri (Graffity Pete) and Felix Marchany (Piragua Guy). The ensemble included: Ximena Salgado, Melinette Pallares, Natalia Raigosa, Amaya Perea, Aaron Cobos, José Ozuna and Hector Flores. The production garnered 18 nominations to the 2018 Helen Hayes Awards (the DC equivalent to the Tony Awards), more than any other DC production in the season[36], including Best Musical, Best Ensemble, Best Director, Best Choreography, Best Actor, Best Actress, Best Supporting Actress and Best Supporting Actor among others[37].

text: Nyborg, Denmark (2018)[edit]

text: The first ever Nordic performance took place in January and February 2018 at Bastionen theatre in Nyborg, Denmark. It was an amateur production by the Musical Talent School of Nyborg. It was translated into Danish and directed by Jesper Nielsen.

text: Characters[edit]

text:
Usnavi de la Vega is the narrator of the play's exposition and a major character throughout; he is the owner of a small bodega in Washington Heights called De La Vega Bodega. He was named after one of the first sights his parents saw when they arrived in America, a ship with the sign "US Navy" on it. Abuela Claudia, the neighborhood matriarch, "practically raised" him when his parents both died during his early childhood. He dreams of moving to the Dominican Republic. He is in love with Vanessa.
"Abuela" Claudia is the loving matriarch of the barrio who knows everybody and is like a grandmother to all ("abuela" means "grandmother" in Spanish). She is the one who looked after Usnavi when his parents died. She and her mother moved from Cuba to New York in 1943 while she was a child. She worked as a maid for several years but never earned the money for her and her mother to travel home.
Vanessa is Usnavi's love interest who works at Daniela's salon. She is stunningly beautiful and catches the eye of every guy in the Heights, however she takes interest in Usnavi. She lives with an alcoholic mother and dreams of getting out of the Barrio and getting an apartment downtown, but cannot yet afford it.
Nina Rosario is the first in her family (and from the Barrio) to go to college (Stanford University), and everyone in the barrio admires her as the "one who made it out." However, she returns home from school for the summer to reluctantly tell her parents that she has become overburdened and dropped out. She is the typical "good girl" and always got along with her parents. Now, though, she loses patience constantly over her father's over protectiveness and his refusal to accept Benny, with whom she gets into a romantic relationship.
Benny works at the dispatch of Nina's father, Kevin. The only character in the play who does not speak Spanish, Benny falls in love with Nina. He dreams of opening his own business.
Sonny de la Vega is Usnavi's sassy, superficially lazy, yet ambitious younger cousin who works with Usnavi in the bodega. He is typically the jokester of the Barrio, but he also has an intelligent and thoughtful side that yearns for social justice. Many fans believe that Graffiti Pete and Sonny share a romantic relationship because of a post on Lin-Manuel's Twitter.[38] This, however was confirmed as untrue, and just a joke between friends about staging directions.[39]
Daniela is the outrageously dramatic owner of the salon where the neighborhood girls come to gossip. She is very bold and loud and loves to banter.
Carla works at Daniela's salon along with Vanessa, and is Daniela's close friend; young and pretty, but a little slow to get the others' jokes and innuendos, she is of Chilean, Cuban, Dominican, and Puerto Rican descent.
Kevin Rosario is Nina's overprotective father, who, coming from a long line of farmers, has worked hard to resist following in his own father's footsteps. He now owns his own taxi cab service: Rosario's.
Camila Rosario is Nina's strong-willed mother, who wants what is best for Nina. She is typically tolerant of Kevin's control issues, but in the course of the show, reveals her real feelings.
The Piragua Guy (Piragüero) is the owner of a small piragua stand that competes with Mister Softee.
Graffiti Pete is a graffiti artist. He is good friends with Sonny and is one of the few characters who acknowledges Sonny's dreams. Lin-Manuel made the two of them kiss in a joke over stage directions.[38][39] Usnavi believes Pete is a trouble-making vandal (constantly referring to him as a 'punk'), until Pete reveals his amazing skills as an artist.

text: Plot summary [edit]

text: Act 1[edit]

text: As the sun rises on the hottest day of the summer, Usnavi de la Vega, the owner of a small bodega in Washington Heights, chases away a small-time vandal, Graffiti Pete, before introducing the audience to the corner he lives on and some of its many residents: Abuela Claudia, a matriarchal figure who helped to raise Usnavi among others; Usnavi’s young, lazy cousin Sonny who helps run the bodega; Daniela and Carla, who run the local salon; and Kevin and Camila Rosario, who run the cab company (“In the Heights”). As the day begins, the Rosarios’ daughter Nina arrives home from her first year at Stanford University. Often considered the “one who made it out” and the pride of the corner, Nina dreads telling her parents and neighbors the truth of her return home: that she dropped out of Stanford having had to work two jobs to maintain her tuition, leading to her getting poor grades and losing her scholarship (“Breathe”). As she tries to find her parents to tell them the news, she runs into Benny, Usnavi’s best friend and an employee of Kevin’s who has been temporarily left in charge of the dispatch while Kevin seeks to solve a financial problem. Clearly harboring latent romantic feelings for one another, Benny and Nina reconnect (“Benny’s Dispatch”). Elsewhere, Vanessa, an employee of Daniela’s at the salon (and with whom Usnavi had long been infatuated), dreams of one day leaving the corner and getting an apartment in the West Village (“It Won’t Be Long Now”). While she is on a break at the salon, Sonny asks her out on a date on Usnavi’s behalf, and she accepts; Usnavi rejoices at his success but worries that Vanessa may forget about him and the rest of the community when she moves.

text: Nina reunites with her parents and is ultimately forced to reveal that she dropped out. Her parents are stunned at this revelation (as well as her dishonesty) and Kevin grows devastated that he has been unable to provide for his family, fearing that he has continued the cycle started by his deadbeat father (“Inutil”). Nina escapes to the salon to seek comfort from Vanessa, but Daniela and Carla insist on giving her a makeover and subjecting her to their gossip about the goings-on in the neighborhood, specifically about Nina and Vanessa’s respective love interests (“No Me Diga”). The attention turns once more to Nina and her successes, however, forcing Nina to reveal the truth once more about Stanford and leave exasperatedly.

text: As Usnavi closes up shop, he, Benny, Sonny, and Graffiti Pete discover that the bodega has sold a winning lottery ticket worth $96,000. They and soon the rest of the block begin to fantasize about what they would do if they won the small fortune (“96,000”). As the excitement dies down, Abuela Claudia sits down to feed the birds and reminisces about her childhood in Cuba and her life in relative poverty, and the events that have led her to where she is today. With tears of gratitude, she reveals that she holds the winning lottery ticket, and thanks her years of patience and faith for bringing her this fortune (“Paciencia y Fe”). Elsewhere, Nina finds solace in Benny, who takes her on a walk down the street corner and reminisces with her, reminding her of her childhood and her home. Nina expresses her doubts about her own self-worth to Benny, but he reassures her that she is destined for greatness (“When You’re Home”). As they head to Nina’s house for dinner, the local Piragua Guy continues his day selling piraguas through the intense heat and competing with Mister Softee (“Piragua”).

text: Kevin and Camila host Nina, Benny, Usnavi, Vanessa, and Abuela Claudia for dinner where Kevin makes an announcement: he has sold the car service to pay for Nina’s tuition. Nina and Camila are shocked but Benny, who had long dreamed of taking over the car service, is outraged and confronts Kevin over his decision. Kevin insists that Rosario’s is a family business and that Benny will never be family; Benny subsequently leaves in a huff and Nina, refusing to accept the money, follows him out. Usnavi soon arrives at a local club for his date with Vanessa, but is overly nervous and aloof, leading Vanessa to dance with other guys to make him jealous; Usnavi soon finds his own dance partner and tries to make Vanessa jealous in turn. Nina follows Benny to the club to apologize for her father’s decision but Benny, already drunk, angrily brushes her off (“The Club”). Tensions rise in the club as the two couples cope with their own jealousy, culminating in Benny punching a man dancing with Nina, causing a fight to break out. Suddenly, the power goes out throughout the city as a result of the intense heat and humidity. The neighborhood descends into chaos as Usnavi and Vanessa as well as Benny and Nina desperately try to find their way back to one another. Sonny and Graffiti Pete, fearing looters, set off fireworks to distract potential robbers as well as to light everyone else’s way home. Usnavi reunites with Abuela Claudia, who shows him her lottery winnings, and Benny and Nina find each other amid the chaos, and despite initially arguing, they finally kiss (“Blackout”).

text: Act 2[edit]

text: Nina and Benny spend the night together in Benny’s apartment as Kevin frantically searches for her all night; Benny worries what Kevin will say about their relationship but is happy to finally be with her (“Sunrise”). Down the street, Usnavi, whose bodega has in fact been looted, convenes with Abuela Claudia to discuss what will happen with the money. Abuela Claudia decides to give Usnavi a third of the money and urges him to use it to achieve his lifelong dream of returning to his home in the Dominican Republic. While Usnavi shares some doubts, he eventually decides to go (“Hundreds of Stories”). Nina eventually returns home to find her parents worried sick about her, and Kevin grows furious when he learns she was with Benny, disapproving of their relationship due to Benny’s not being Latino. Nina and Kevin loudly argue before Camila intervenes, criticizing both Kevin for throwing Benny out and Nina for not coming home. She urges them to come together and work things out as a family (“Enough”).

text: As the neighborhood copes with their frustration over the heat and blackout, Daniela urges them to dispel the negativity and muster up enough energy for a neighborhood celebration. As the block reluctantly begins making the most of a bad situation, Daniela leads the crowd in mocking Vanessa for not realizing Usnavi’s feelings for her as well as Benny for his tryst with Nina the previous night. Usnavi soon emerges and announces Abuela Claudia’s winning of the lottery as well as their flight for the Dominican Republic the following day. Vanessa is visibly upset by his leaving, and so is Sonny, who has long had a crush on Nina and whose only close relative is Usnavi. Usnavi calms Sonny down by revealing that they plan to give him a third of the lottery winnings and begins to rouse excitement throughout the block once more by encouraging them to celebrate before everything changes (“Carnaval del Barrio”).

text: As they continue dancing and celebrating, a visibly upset Nina arrives and pulls Usnavi offstage, and soon Kevin makes an announcement over the dispatch: Abuela Claudia has suddenly died (“Atencion”). Usnavi holds an impromptu memorial for Abuela Claudia, revealing that she died of “a combination of the stress and heat,” and soon Nina leads the entire block in singing Abuela’s praises (“Alabanza”). Afterwards, Usnavi and Nina go through Abuela’s old photographs to reminisce. Nina begins to remember the central role Abuela Claudia played in her education and motivation, and in memory of Abuela, she resolves to accept her parents’ money and give college another try, returning to Stanford at the end of the summer (“Everything I Know”). As Vanessa prepare to move out, Daniela gives her a final piece of news: Usnavi convinced Daniela to cosign Vanessa’s lease for her new apartment (“No Me Diga (Reprise)”). As the blackout continues, the Piragua Guy rejoices in the effect the heat has had on his business (“Piragua (Reprise)”).

text: Overwhelmed by his kind act, Vanessa visits a flustered Usnavi as he cleans up the bodega and flirts with him, offering him a bottle of champagne. She quietly suggests to the distracted Usnavi that he should stay in the neighborhood, worried that if he leaves that she will never see him again, but Usnavi, overwhelmed, firmly rejects this. Vanessa kisses him before leaving, lamenting that she was too late in realizing her feelings for him (“Champagne”). As Nina tells Benny of her decision, they agree to spend the summer together before pursuing a long-distance relationship when she returns to school; Benny reaffirms his faith in her and they promise to think of one another every day while they are apart (“When The Sun Goes Down”). Benny confronts Kevin for a final time, insisting that he was always there for him while Kevin never did the same. As the night winds down, Sonny approaches Graffiti Pete with a secret proposition, which Pete accepts.

text: The next morning the neighborhood has visibly changed: the car service sign over the Rosarios’ building has been removed and the grate in front of the bodega is still open. As Usnavi plays Abuela Claudia’s old records, he comes to terms with the fact that the corner is about to change, and wonders if anyone will notice that he’s gone in the long run. Before he leaves, Sonny approaches him and, having fixed the bodega’s grate, pulls it down, revealing a graffiti mural of Abuela Claudia painted by Pete. Seeing the mural, Usnavi has an epiphany and tasks Sonny and Graffiti Pete with telling the neighborhood of his decision to stay. As he reflects on his role as the neighborhood’s storyteller, Usnavi ponders a potential future with Vanessa as he strives to ensure that his family’s legacy is remembered and accepts the corner as his true home (“Finale”).

text: Musical numbers[edit]

text:
Act I

"In the Heights" — Usnavi and Company
"Breathe" — Nina and Company
"Benny's Dispatch" — Benny and Nina
"It Won't Be Long Now" — Vanessa, Usnavi, and Sonny
"Inútil" (Useless) — Kevin
"No Me Diga" (You Don't Say)— Daniela, Carla, Vanessa, and Nina
"96,000" — Usnavi, Benny, Sonny, Graffiti Pete, Vanessa, Daniela, Carla, and Company
"Paciencia y Fe" (Patience and Faith) — Abuela Claudia and Company
"When You're Home" — Nina, Benny, and Company
"Piragua" — Piragua Guy
"The Club" — Usnavi, Vanessa, Nina, Benny, and Company
"Blackout" — Usnavi, Vanessa, Benny, Nina, Kevin, Sonny, Graffiti Pete, Abuela Claudia, Carla and Company

Act II

"Sunrise" — Nina, Benny, and Company
"Hundreds of Stories" — Abuela Claudia and Usnavi
"Enough" — Camila
"Carnaval del Barrio" (Neighborhood Carnival) — Daniela, Carla, Vanessa, Usnavi, Sonny, Piragua Guy, and Company
"Atención" (Attention)— Kevin
"Alabanza" (Praise) — Usnavi, Nina, and Company
"Everything I Know" — Nina
"No Me Diga (Reprise)" — Carla, Nina, Vanessa, and Daniela †
"Piragua (Reprise)" — Piragua Guy
"Champagne" — Vanessa and Usnavi
"When the Sun Goes Down" — Nina and Benny
"Finale" — Usnavi and Company

text: † Designates number not included on original cast recording

text: Casts[edit]

text:
Character
Opening Broadway Cast
Closing Broadway Cast
Original Melbourne Cast
Original West End Cast[40]
Closing West End Cast[41]
US Spanish Premiere Cast[42]

Usnavi
Lin-Manuel Miranda
Stephen Lopez / Antony Talia
Sam Mackay
Juan Luis Espinal

Nina
Mandy Gonzalez
Arielle Jacobs
Anna Francesca Armenia
Lily Frazer
Gabriela Garcia
Laura Lebrón

Abuela Claudia
Olga Merediz
Francesca Arena
Eve Polycarpou
Norma Atallah
Michelle Ríos

Carla
Janet Dacal
Courtney Reed
Sarah Calsiña
Sarah Naudi
Stephanie Rojas
Gabriella Pérez

Daniela
Andréa Burns
Laura Marcucci
Victoria Hamilton-Barritt
Aimie Atkinson
Scheherazade Quiroga

Kevin
Carlos Gomez
Rick Négron
Clarence Marshall
David Bedella
José F. Capellán

Camila
Priscilla Lopez
Bianca Bruce
Josie Benson
Juliet Gough
Shadia Fairuz

Sonny
Robin de Jesús
Shaun Taylor-Corbett
Andrew Doyle
Cleve September
Damian Buhagiar
Rafael Beato

Benny
Christopher Jackson
James Elmer
Joe Aaron Reid
Arun Blair-Mangat
Vaughn Midder

Vanessa
Karen Olivo
Marcy Harriell
Bianca Baykara
Jade Ewen
Sarah Naudi
Verónica Álvarez Robles

Piragua Guy
Eliseo Román
Tony Chiroldes
Gareth Jacobs
Vas Constanti
Felix Marchany

Graffiti Pete
Seth Stewart
Peter Sette
Antoine Murray-Straughan
Johnny Bishop
Myriam Gadri

text:
Usnavi - Javier Muñoz, Corbin Bleu
Nina - Janet Dacal, Jordin Sparks
Daniela - Justina Machado, Bianca Marroquín
Sonny - David Del Rio

text: Awards and nominations[edit]

text: Original Broadway production[edit]

text:
Year
Award Ceremony
Category
Nominee
Result

2007
Drama Desk Award
Outstanding Musical
Nominated

Outstanding Ensemble Performance
Won

Outstanding Director of a Musical
Thomas Kail
Nominated

Outstanding Choreography
Andy Blankenbuehler
Won

Outstanding Music
Lin-Manuel Miranda
Nominated

Outstanding Lyrics
Nominated

Outstanding Orchestrations
Alex Lacamoire and Bill Sherman
Nominated

Outstanding Set Design
Anna Louizos
Nominated

Outstanding Sound Design
Acme Sound Partners
Nominated

2008
Tony Award
Best Musical
Won

Best Book of a Musical
Quiara Alegría Hudes
Nominated

Best Original Score
Lin-Manuel Miranda
Won

Best Performance by a Leading Actor in a Musical
Nominated

Best Performance by a Featured Actor in a Musical
Robin de Jesús
Nominated

Best Performance by a Featured Actress in a Musical
Olga Merediz
Nominated

Best Direction of a Musical
Thomas Kail
Nominated

Best Choreography
Andy Blankenbuehler
Won

Best Orchestrations
Alex Lacamoire and Bill Sherman
Won

Best Scenic Design
Anna Louizos
Nominated

Best Costume Design
Paul Tazewell
Nominated

Best Lighting Design
Howell Binkley
Nominated

Best Sound Design
Acme Sound Partners
Nominated

Grammy Award
Best Musical Show Album
Won

2009
Pulitzer Prize
Pulitzer Prize for Drama
Nominated

text: Original West End production[edit]

text:
Year
Award Ceremony
Category
Nominee
Result

2016
Laurence Olivier Awards

Best New Musical
Nominated

Best Actor in a Supporting Role in a Musical
David Bedella
Won

Best Theatre Choreographer
Drew McOnie
Won

Outstanding Achievement in Music
Lin-Manuel Miranda
Won

WhatsOnStage Awards
Best New Musical
Nominated

Best Actor in a Musical
Sam Mackay
Nominated

Best Actress in a Musical
Lily Frazer
Nominated

Best Supporting Actor in a Musical
David Bedella
Won

Best Supporting Actress in a Musical
Victoria Hamilton-Barritt
Nominated

Best Director
Luke Sheppard
Nominated

Best Choreography
Drew McOnie
Nominated

Best Set Design
Takis
Nominated

Best Costume Design
Howard Hudson
Nominated

text: Reception[edit]

text: The reviews for the show were positive to mixed (the median grade of 9 major reviews was "B+").[43] Charles Isherwood's review in The New York Times said that "when this musical erupts in one of its expressions of collective joy, the energy it gives off could light up the George Washington Bridge for a year or two."[44] Heather Bing of The Cleveland Plain Dealer wrote, "Although I was sometimes struggling to keep up with the hip-hop and Spanish-infused lyrics, the exciting set and choreography paired with excellent acting held my interest in the storyline."[45] David Rooney's Variety review said, "That depth of feeling, together with the wit of Miranda's lyrics, the playful dexterity of his rhymes, his dynamic score and a bunch of truly winning performances, make the show an uncalculated charmer."[46]

text: Hudes' book received mixed reviews. Charles McNulty's The Los Angeles Times review mentioned that "the downside to In the Heights is the book...which is overstuffed and oversimplified."[47] The New York Post's Clive Barnes also gave negative comments about the book, saying that "Hudes' work is droopily sentimental and untruthful."[48] Joe Dziemianowicz of the NY Daily News also disliked the book, but added that "what it lacks in story and believability it makes up for in a vibrant rap- and salsa-flavored score, spirited dances and great-looking design."[49]

text: Film adaptation[edit]

text: On November 2008, Universal Pictures announced that they had acquired the rights to adapt the musical as a feature film for release in 2011.[50][51] Kenny Ortega was set to direct it.[52][53] However, Universal opted not to develop the film, and the project was canceled.[54] In January 2012, Lin-Manuel Miranda said the adaptation was back under discussion.[55]

text: In May 2016, it was announced that The Weinstein Company would distribute the film.[56] The following month, it was reported that Jon M. Chu was in talks to be the director.[57] In September 2016, Chu was confirmed to direct, with production potentially beginning in spring 2017. Lin-Manuel Miranda will not return as Usnavi, the role he originated, but may return in another role.[58] Businessman and rapper Jay Z will produce the film.[59][60]

text: In October 2017, Hudes, the writer of the book of the musical, said that she had asked The Weinstein Company to permit her to take the production elsewhere, in light of the Harvey Weinstein sexual abuse allegations.[61] In April 2018, the film rights reverted to Miranda and Hudes.[62]

text: Documentary[edit]

text: On May 27, 2009, PBS' Great Performances aired an episode entitled In the Heights: Chasing Broadway Dreams. It documents the journey taken by the cast and crew to bring the show to Broadway and to later win the Tony Award for Best Musical.[63] Producer Andrew Fried and director Paul Bozymowski captured footage of the cast and creative team for over two years, from the Off-Broadway production to their Tony Award wins. The special previewed at the Paley Center for Media in New York on May 4, 2009.[64]


document_title: France at the FIFA World Cup

question_text: how many times french won the world cup

question_tokens: how many times french won the world cup

root

text: France at the FIFA World Cup

text: FIFA World Cup record[edit]

text:
FIFA World Cup finals record

Qualifications record

Year

Round

Position

GP

W

D*

L

GF

GA

Squad

GP

W

D

L

GF

GA

 1930
Group stage
7th
3
1
0
2
4
3
Squad

—

 1934
Round of 16
9th
1
0
0
1
2
3
Squad

1
1
0
0
6
1
1934

 1938
Quarter-finals
6th
2
1
0
1
4
4
Squad

Qualified as hosts
1938

 1950
Originally did not qualify, then invited, later withdrew

3
0
2
1
4
5
1950

 1954
Group stage
11th
2
1
0
1
3
3
Squad

4
4
0
0
20
4
1954

 1958
Third place
3rd
6
4
0
2
23
15
Squad

4
3
1
0
19
4
1958

 1962
Did not qualify

5
3
0
2
10
4
1962

 1966
Group stage
13th
3
0
1
2
2
5
Squad

6
5
0
1
9
2
1966

 1970
Did not qualify

4
2
0
2
6
4
1970

 1974

4
1
1
2
3
5
1974

 1978
Group stage
12th
3
1
0
2
5
5
Squad

4
2
1
1
7
4
1978

 1982
Fourth place
4th
7
3
2
2
16
12
Squad

8
5
0
3
20
8
1982

 1986
Third place
3rd
7
4
2
1
12
6
Squad

8
5
1
2
15
4
1986

 1990
Did not qualify

8
3
3
2
10
7
1990

 1994

10
6
1
3
17
10
1994

 1998
Champions
1st
7
6
1
0
15
2
Squad

Qualified as hosts
1998

  2002
Group stage
28th
3
0
1
2
0
3
Squad

Qualified as defending champions
2002

 2006
Runners-up
2nd
7
4
3
0
9
3
Squad

10
5
5
0
14
2
2006

 2010
Group stage
29th
3
0
1
2
1
4
Squad

12
7
4
1
20
10
2010

 2014
Quarter-finals
7th
5
3
1
1
10
3
Squad

10
6
2
2
18
8
2014

 2018
Champions
1st
7
6
1
0
14
6
Squad

10
7
2
1
18
6
2018

 2022
To be determined

To be determined
2022

Total
15/21
2 Titles
65
33
13*
19
120
77
N/A
111
65
23
23
216
88
Total

tag: table

tag: p

text: By match[edit]

text:
Year as

Round

Against

Score

Scorers

 1930
Group 1
 Mexico
4–1
Laurent, Langiller, Maschinot (2)

Group 1
 Argentina
0–1

Group 1
 Chile
0–1

 1934
Round 1
 Austria
2–3 (a.e.t.)
Nicolas, Verriest

 1938
Round 1
 Belgium
3–1
Veinante, Nicolas (2)

Quarter-Final
 Italy
1–3
Heisserer

 1954
Group 1
 Yugoslavia
0–1

Group 1
 Mexico
3–2
Vincent, Cardenas, Kopa

 1958
Group 2
 Paraguay
7–3
Fontaine (3), Piantoni, Wisnieski, Kopa, Vincent

Group 2
 Yugoslavia
2–3
Fontaine (2)

Group 2
 Scotland
2–1
Kopa, Fontaine

Quarter-Final
 Northern Ireland
4–0
Wisnieski, Fontaine (2), Piantoni

Semi-Final
 Brazil
2–5
Fontaine, Piantoni

Third Place Match
 West Germany
6–3
Fontaine (4), Kopa, Douis

 1966
Group 1
 Mexico
1–1
Hausser

Group 1
 Uruguay
1–2
De Bourgoing

Group 1
 England
0–2

 1978
Group 1
 Italy
1–2
Lacombe

Group 1
 Argentina
1–2
Platini

Group 1
 Hungary
3–1
Lopez, Berdoll, Rocheteau

 1982
Group 4
 England
1–3
Soler

Group 4
 Kuwait
4–1
Genghini, Platini, Six, Bossis

Group 4
 Czechoslovakia
1–1
Six

Group D Round 2
 Austria
1–0
Genghini

Group D Round 2
 Northern Ireland
4–1
Giresse (2), Rocheteau (2)

Semi-Final
 West Germany
3–3 (a.e.t.), 4–5 (p.)
Platini, Tresor, Giresse

Third Place Match
 Poland
2–3
Girard, Couriol

 1986
Group C
 Canada
1–0
Papin

Group C
 Soviet Union
1–1
Fernández

Group C
 Hungary
3–0
Stopyra, Tigana, Rocheteau

Round of 16
 Italy
2–0
Platini, Stopyra

Quarter-Final
 Brazil
1–1 (a.e.t.), 4–3 (p.)
Platini

Semi-Final
 West Germany
0–2

Third Place Match
 Belgium
4–2 (a.e.t.)
Ferreri, Papin, Genghini, Amoros

 1998
Group C
 South Africa
3–0
Dugarry, Issa (o.g.), Henry

Group C
 Saudi Arabia
4–0
Henry (2), Trezeguet, Lizarazu

Group C
 Denmark
2–1
Djorkaeff, Petit

Round of 16
 Paraguay
1–0 (a.e.t.)
Blanc

Quarter-Final
 Italy
0–0 (a.e.t.), 4–3 (p.)

Semi-Final
 Croatia
2–1
Thuram (2)

Final
 Brazil
3–0
Zidane (2), Petit

 2002
Group A
 Senegal
0–1

Group A
 Uruguay
0–0

Group A
 Denmark
0–2

 2006
Group G
  Switzerland
0–0

Group G
 South Korea
1–1
Henry

Group G
 Togo
2–0
Vieira, Henry

Round of 16
 Spain
3–1
Ribéry, Vieira, Zidane

Quarter-Final
 Brazil
1–0
Henry

Semi-Final
 Portugal
1–0
Zidane

Final
 Italy
1–1 (a.e.t.), 3–5 (p.)
Zidane

 2010
Group A
 Uruguay
0–0

Group A
 Mexico
0–2

Group A
 South Africa
1–2
Malouda

 2014
Group E
 Honduras
3–0
Benzema (2), Valladares (o.g.)

Group E
  Switzerland
5–2
Giroud, Matuidi, Valbuena, Benzema, Sissoko

Group E
 Ecuador
0–0

Round of 16
 Nigeria
2–0
Pogba, Yobo (o.g.)

Quarter-Final
 Germany
0–1

 2018
Group C
 Australia
2–1
Griezmann, Behich (o.g.)

Group C
 Peru
1–0
Mbappé

Group C
 Denmark
0–0

Round of 16
 Argentina
4–3
Griezmann, Pavard, Mbappé (2)

Quarter-Final
 Uruguay
2–0
Varane, Griezmann

Semi-Final
 Belgium
1–0
Umtiti

Final
 Croatia
4–2
Mandžukić (o.g.), Griezmann, Pogba, Mbappé

text: France at the 1998 FIFA World Cup[edit]

text: Head coach: Aimé Jacquet

text:
No.

Pos.

Player

Date of birth (age)

Caps

Club

1

1GK

Bernard Lama

 (1963-04-07)7 April 1963 (aged 35)

37

 Paris Saint Germain

2

2DF

Vincent Candela

 (1973-10-24)24 October 1973 (aged 24)

10

 Roma

3

2DF

Bixente Lizarazu

 (1969-12-09)9 December 1969 (aged 28)

32

 Bayern Munich

4

3MF

Patrick Vieira

 (1976-06-23)23 June 1976 (aged 21)

7

 Arsenal

5

2DF

Laurent Blanc

 (1965-11-19)19 November 1965 (aged 32)

68

 Marseille

6

4FW

Youri Djorkaeff

 (1968-03-09)9 March 1968 (aged 30)

37

 Internazionale

7

3MF

Didier Deschamps (c)

 (1968-10-15)15 October 1968 (aged 29)

69

 Juventus

8

2DF

Marcel Desailly

 (1968-09-07)7 September 1968 (aged 29)

41

 Milan

9

4FW

Stéphane Guivarc'h

 (1970-09-06)6 September 1970 (aged 27)

6

 Auxerre

10

3MF

Zinedine Zidane

 (1972-06-23)23 June 1972 (aged 25)

33

 Juventus

11

3MF

Robert Pirès

 (1973-10-29)29 October 1973 (aged 24)

13

 Metz

12

4FW

Thierry Henry

 (1977-08-17)17 August 1977 (aged 20)

3

 Monaco

13

3MF

Bernard Diomède

 (1974-01-23)23 January 1974 (aged 24)

6

 Auxerre

14

3MF

Alain Boghossian

 (1970-10-27)27 October 1970 (aged 27)

6

 Sampdoria

15

2DF

Lilian Thuram

 (1972-01-01)1 January 1972 (aged 26)

32

 Parma

16

1GK

Fabien Barthez

 (1971-06-28)28 June 1971 (aged 26)

12

 Monaco

17

3MF

Emmanuel Petit

 (1970-09-22)22 September 1970 (aged 27)

17

 Arsenal

18

2DF

Frank Lebœuf

 (1968-01-22)22 January 1968 (aged 30)

13

 Chelsea

19

3MF

Christian Karembeu

 (1970-12-03)3 December 1970 (aged 27)

31

 Real Madrid

20

4FW

David Trezeguet

 (1977-10-15)15 October 1977 (aged 20)

4

 Monaco

21

4FW

Christophe Dugarry

 (1972-03-24)24 March 1972 (aged 26)

23

 Marseille

22

1GK

Lionel Charbonnier

 (1966-10-25)25 October 1966 (aged 31)

1

 Auxerre

text: France vs South Africa[edit]

text:
France

3–0

 South Africa

Dugarry  36'Issa  77' (o.g.)Henry  90+2'

Report

text:
GK
16
Fabien Barthez

RB
15
Lilian Thuram

CB
8
Marcel Desailly

CB
5
Laurent Blanc

LB
3
Bixente Lizarazu

CM
7
Didier Deschamps (c)
 53'

CM
17
Emmanuel Petit
 28'
 73'

RW
6
Youri Djorkaeff

 84'

AM
10
Zinedine Zidane
 75'

LW
12
Thierry Henry

CF
9
Stéphane Guivarc'h

 26'

Substitutions:

FW
21
Christophe Dugarry

 26'

MF
14
Alain Boghossian

 73'

FW
20
David Trezeguet

 84'

Manager:

Aimé Jacquet

GK
1
Hans Vonk

DF
3
David Nyathi

DF
4
Willem Jackson
 39'

DF
5
Mark Fish

DF
19
Lucas Radebe (c)

DF
21
Pierre Issa

MF
7
Quinton Fortune

MF
10
John Moshoeu

FW
6
Phil Masinga

FW
12
Brendan Augustine

 56'

FW
17
Benni McCarthy

 89'

Substitutions:

MF
11
Helman Mkhalele

 56'

FW
9
Shaun Bartlett

 89'

Manager:

Philippe Troussier

text:
Assistant referees:
Arnaldo Pinto (Brazil)
Merere Gonzales (Trinidad and Tobago)
Fourth official:
Mario Sánchez Yanten (Chile)

text: France vs Saudi Arabia[edit]

text:
France

4–0

 Saudi Arabia

Henry  37', 78'Trezeguet  68'Lizarazu  85'

Report

text:
GK
16
Fabien Barthez

DF
3
Bixente Lizarazu
 50'

DF
5
Laurent Blanc
 36'

DF
8
Marcel Desailly

DF
15
Lilian Thuram

MF
7
Didier Deschamps (c)

MF
10
Zinedine Zidane
 71'

MF
13
Bernard Diomède

 58'

MF
14
Alain Boghossian

FW
12
Thierry Henry

 79'

FW
21
Christophe Dugarry

 30'

Substitutions:

FW
20
David Trezeguet

 30'

MF
6
Youri Djorkaeff

 58'

MF
11
Robert Pirès

 79'

Manager:

Aimé Jacquet

GK
1
Mohamed Al-Deayea

DF
2
Mohammed Al-Jahani
 7'
 76'

DF
3
Mohammed Al-Khilaiwi
 19'

DF
4
Abdullah Zubromawi

DF
13
Hussein Sulaimani

MF
6
Fuad Amin (c)

MF
7
Ibrahim Al-Shahrani

MF
16
Khamis Al-Owairan

MF
20
Hamzah Saleh

FW
9
Sami Al-Jaber
 82'

FW
10
Saeed Al-Owairan

 33'

Substitutions:

MF
12
Ibrahim Al-Harbi

 33'
 65'

MF
14
Khalid Al-Muwallid

 65'

DF
17
Ahmed Dokhi

 76'

Manager:

Carlos Alberto Parreira

text:
Assistant referees:
Reynaldo Salinas (Honduras)
Luis Torres Zúñiga (Costa Rica)
Fourth official:
Alberto Tejada Noriega (Peru)

text: France vs Denmark[edit]

text:
France

2–1

 Denmark

Djorkaeff  12' (pen.)Petit  56'

Report

M. Laudrup  42' (pen.)

text:
GK
16
Fabien Barthez

DF
2
Vincent Candela

DF
8
Marcel Desailly (c)

DF
18
Franck Leboeuf

MF
4
Patrick Vieira
 62'

MF
6
Youri Djorkaeff

MF
11
Robert Pirès

 71'

MF
13
Bernard Diomède
 53'

MF
17
Emmanuel Petit

 64'

MF
19
Christian Karembeu

FW
20
David Trezeguet

 85'

Substitutions:

MF
14
Alain Boghossian

 64'

FW
12
Thierry Henry

 71'

FW
9
Stéphane Guivarc'h

 85'

Manager:

Aimé Jacquet

GK
1
Peter Schmeichel

DF
2
Michael Schjønberg

DF
3
Marc Rieper

DF
4
Jes Høgh

DF
5
Jan Heintze

DF
6
Thomas Helveg

DF
13
Jacob Laursen

 46'

MF
7
Allan Nielsen

MF
10
Michael Laudrup (c)

MF
21
Martin Jørgensen

 54'

FW
11
Brian Laudrup

 75'

Substitutions:

DF
12
Søren Colding
 65'
 46'

FW
19
Ebbe Sand

 54'

MF
15
Stig Tøfting
 78'
 75'

Manager:

Bo Johansson

text:
Assistant referees:
Nimal Wickeramatunge (Sri Lanka)
Emanuel Zammit (Malta)
Fourth official:
Vítor Melo Pereira (Portugal)

text: Round of 16 France vs Paraguay[edit]

text:
France

1–0 (a.e.t.)

 Paraguay

Blanc  113'

Report

text:
GK
16
Fabien Barthez

RB
15
Lilian Thuram

CB
5
Laurent Blanc

CB
8
Marcel Desailly

LB
3
Bixente Lizarazu

CM
7
Didier Deschamps (c)

CM
17
Emmanuel Petit

 69'

RW
13
Bernard Diomède

 76'

LW
6
Youri Djorkaeff

CF
20
David Trezeguet

CF
12
Thierry Henry

 64'

Substitutes:

MF
11
Robert Pirès

 64'

MF
14
Alain Boghossian

 69'

FW
9
Stéphane Guivarc'h

 76'

Manager:

Aimé Jacquet

GK
1
José Luis Chilavert (c)
 19'

RB
2
Francisco Arce
 84'

CB
4
Carlos Gamarra

CB
5
Celso Ayala

LB
11
Pedro Sarabia

CM
10
Roberto Acuña

CM
16
Julio César Enciso
 32'

CM
13
Carlos Humberto Paredes

 74'

AM
21
Jorge Luis Campos

 55'

AM
15
Miguel Ángel Benítez
 23'

CF
9
José Cardozo

 91'

Substitutes:

MF
7
Julio César Yegros

 55'

DF
20
Denis Caniza

 74'

MF
8
Aristides Rojas

 91'

Manager:

Paulo César Carpegiani

text:
Assistant referees:
Nimal Wickeramatunge (Sri Lanka)
Lencie Fred (Vanuatu)
Fourth official:
Esse Baharmast (United States)

text: Quarter-Final Italy vs France[edit]

text:
Italy

0–0 (a.e.t.)

 France

Report

Penalties

R. Baggio Albertini Costacurta Vieri Di Biagio

3 – 4

 Zidane Lizarazu Trezeguet Henry Blanc

text:
GK
12
Gianluca Pagliuca

RB
2
Giuseppe Bergomi
 28'

CB
4
Fabio Cannavaro

CB
5
Alessandro Costacurta
 113'

LB
3
Paolo Maldini (c)

CM
11
Dino Baggio

 52'

CM
14
Luigi Di Biagio

RW
17
Francesco Moriero

LW
7
Gianluca Pessotto

 90'

SS
10
Alessandro Del Piero
 26'
 67'

CF
21
Christian Vieri

Substitutes:

MF
9
Demetrio Albertini

 52'

FW
18
Roberto Baggio

 67'

MF
15
Angelo Di Livio

 90'

Manager:

Cesare Maldini

GK
16
Fabien Barthez

RB
15
Lilian Thuram

CB
5
Laurent Blanc

CB
8
Marcel Desailly

LB
3
Bixente Lizarazu

DM
7
Didier Deschamps (c)
 62'

RM
19
Christian Karembeu

 65'

LM
17
Emanuel Petit

AM
10
Zinedine Zidane

SS
6
Youri Djorkaeff

CF
9
Stéphane Guivarc'h
 53'
 65'

Substitutes:

FW
12
Thierry Henry

 65'

FW
20
David Trezeguet

 65'

Manager:

Aimé Jacquet

text:
Assistant referees:
 Mark Warren (England)
 Nicolae Grigorescu (Romania)
Fourth official:
Said Belqola (Morocco)

text: Semi-Final France vs Croatia[edit]

text:
France

2–1

 Croatia

Thuram  47', 69'

Report

Šuker  46'

text:
GK
16
Fabien Barthez

RB
15
Lilian Thuram

CB
5
Laurent Blanc
 76'

CB
8
Marcel Desailly

LB
3
Bixente Lizarazu

DM
7
Didier Deschamps (c)

RM
19
Christian Karembeu

 31'

LM
17
Emmanuel Petit

AM
10
Zinedine Zidane

SS
6
Youri Djorkaeff

 77'

CF
9
Stéphane Guivarc'h

 68'

Substitutes:

FW
12
Thierry Henry

 31'

FW
20
David Trezeguet

 68'

DF
18
Frank Leboeuf

 77'

Manager:

Aimé Jacquet

GK
1
Dražen Ladić

RB
20
Dario Šimić
 88'

CB
6
Slaven Bilić

CB
4
Igor Štimac

LB
17
Robert Jarni

DM
14
Zvonimir Soldo

RM
7
Aljoša Asanović
 45'

LM
13
Mario Stanić
 75'
 89'

AM
10
Zvonimir Boban (c)

 66'

SS
19
Goran Vlaović

CF
9
Davor Šuker

Substitutes:

FW
11
Silvio Marić

 66'

MF
8
Robert Prosinečki

 89'

Manager:

Miroslav Blažević

text:
Assistant referees:
 Fernando Tresaco Gracia (Spain)
 Jorge Díaz Gálvez (Chile)
Fourth official:
Epifanio González Chávez (Paraguay)

text: Final[edit]

text: The 1998 final was held on 12 July at the Stade de France, Saint-Denis. France defeated holders Brazil 3–0, with two goals from Zinedine Zidane and a stoppage time strike from Emmanuel Petit. The win gave France their first World Cup title, becoming the sixth national team after Uruguay, Italy, England, West Germany and Argentina to win the tournament on their home soil. They also inflicted the heaviest defeat on Brazil since 1930.[7]

text:
The pre-match build up was dominated by the omission of Brazilian striker Ronaldo from the starting lineup only to be reinstated 45 minutes before kick-off.[8] He managed to create the first open chance for Brazil in the 22nd minute, dribbling past defender Thuram before sending a cross out on the left side that goalkeeper Fabien Barthez struggled to hold onto. France however took the lead in the 27th minute after Brazilian defender Roberto Carlos conceded a corner which Zidane scored with a header from the right.[9]
Three minutes before half-time, Zidane scored his second goal of the match, similarly another header from a corner, this time from the left side. The tournament hosts went down to ten men in the 68th minute as Marcel Desailly was sent off for a second bookable offence. Brazil reacted to this by making an attacking substitution and although they applied pressure France sealed the win with a third goal: substitute Patrick Vieira set up his club teammate Petit in a counterattack to shoot low past goalkeeper Cláudio Taffarel.[10]

text: French president Jacques Chirac was in attendance to congratulate and commiserate the winners and runners-up respectively after the match.[11] Several days after the victory, winning manager Aimé Jacquet announced his resignation from the French team with immediate effect.[12][13][14]

text:
Brazil

0–3

 France

Report

Zidane  27', 45+1'Petit  90+3'

text:
Brazil

France

text:
GK
1
Claudio Taffarel

RB
2
Cafu

CB
3
Aldair

CB
4
Júnior Baiano
 33'

LB
6
Roberto Carlos

CM
5
César Sampaio

 73'

CM
8
Dunga (c)

AM
10
Rivaldo

AM
18
Leonardo

 46'

CF
20
Bebeto

CF
9
Ronaldo

Substitutes:

MF
19
Denílson

 46'

FW
21
Edmundo

 73'

Manager:

Mário Zagallo

GK
16
Fabien Barthez

RB
15
Lilian Thuram

CB
8
Marcel Desailly
 48', 68'

CB
18
Frank Leboeuf

LB
3
Bixente Lizarazu

DM
7
Didier Deschamps (c)
 39'

CM
17
Emmanuel Petit

CM
19
Christian Karembeu
 56'
 57'

AM
10
Zinedine Zidane

AM
6
Youri Djorkaeff

 74'

CF
9
Stéphane Guivarc'h

 66'

Substitutes:

MF
14
Alain Boghossian

 57'

FW
21
Christophe Dugarry

 66'

MF
4
Patrick Vieira

 74'

Manager:

Aimé Jacquet

text:
Man of the match
 Zinedine Zidane (France)
Officials
Linesmen:
Mark Warren (England)
Achmat Salie (South Africa)
Fourth official: Rahman Al Zaid (Saudi Arabia)

Match rules
90 minutes
30 minutes of extra-time if necessary
Penalty shoot-out if scores still level
Three substitutions permitted

text: Record players[edit]

text: Goalkeeper Fabien Barthez also shares the FIFA World Cup record for most matches without conceding a goal, which he achieved ten times. The only other player to have reached that number is England's Peter Shilton.

text:
No.

Name

Matches

World Cups

1

Fabien Barthez
17
1998, 2002 and 2006

Thierry Henry
17
1998, 2002, 2006 and 2010

3
Lilian Thuram
16
1998, 2002 and 2006

4
Maxime Bossis
15
1978, 1982 and 1986

5

Michel Platini
14
1978, 1982 and 1986

Hugo Lloris
14
2010, 2014 and 2018

7

Manuel Amoros
12
1982 and 1986

Alain Giresse
12
1982 and 1986

Jean Tigana
12
1982 and 1986

David Trezeguet
12
1998, 2002 and 2006

Patrick Vieira
12
1998, 2002 and 2006

Zinedine Zidane
12
1998, 2002 and 2006

Olivier Giroud
12
2014 and 2018

Antoine Griezmann
12
2014 and 2018

Raphaël Varane
12
2014 and 2018

text: Top goalscorers[edit]

text: Just Fontaine scored all his 13 World Cup goals in 1958, where France reached third place. This makes him record holder for most goals scored in a single FIFA World Cup. At the time, it also made him the most successful World Cup scorer of all time until the record was broken by West Germany's Gerd Müller in the World Cup final of 1974.

text:
No.

Name

Goals

World Cups

1
Just Fontaine
13
1958

2
Thierry Henry
6
1998 (3) and 2006 (3)

3

Michel Platini
5
1978 (1), 1982 (2) and 1986 (2)

Zinedine Zidane
5
1998 (2) and 2006 (3)

5

Raymond Kopa
4
1958

Dominique Rocheteau
4
1978 (1), 1982 (2) and 1986 (1)

Antoine Griezmann
4
2018

Kylian Mbappé
4
2018

9

Jean Nicolas
3
1934 (1) and 1938 (2)

Roger Piantoni
3
1958

Alain Giresse
3
1982

Karim Benzema
3
2014


document_title: List of Home Improvement characters

question_text: who played the man behind the fence on home improvement

text: List of Home Improvement characters

text: Taylor family[edit]

text: Tim Taylor[edit]

text: Timothy "Tim" Taylor (Tim Allen) – Tim Taylor (the character has a birth date of October 1954) is the father of the family. Ever the know-it-all, Tim believes he has an incredibly wide knowledge of tools, electronics, and general mechanics. In reality, he is highly accident-prone. He actually does have a significant amount of skill as a general handyman, but can be overly confident and prone to spectacular mishaps. He often forgets a crucial step, ignores instructions, makes ill-advised modifications, or comes to inaccurate conclusions. The only exception to this ineptitude is when working on cars, at which he excels. He is left-handed but actually does a great deal of his work with his right hand. Taylor's "arch enemy", so to speak, was the real-life home improvement specialist, Bob Vila. In one memorabley insane episode Tim was competing against Bob Vila in a lawnmower contest for charity-Tim actually installed a jet engine on his machine-which resulted in Tim causing chaos and destruction! Tim hosts a home improvement show called Tool Time with his best friend, Al Borland. While Al is his co-host, Al constantly must remind Tim of safety regulations and practices. Tim often ignores Al's advice, and this frequently results in an accident. While it is constantly mentioned that Tool Time is a limited local home improvement show that sits very high on the channel dial, Tool Time seems to have a very wide audience in the state of Michigan, and is progressively broadcast to more outlets across the Midwest (A season 5 episode has Tim, Al, and Bud brainstorming for ideas on how to bring the show into the Chicago markets). Tim often boasts at his popularity for hosting the show, although many people state that they like Al better. A running gag involves people encountering Tim in public and stating, "Oh, we always watch Tool Time...we love Al." To which an annoyed Tim would reply, "Oh yeah, we all love Al." In later seasons, however, it is learned that Tim actually has a higher fan base than Al.

text: Because of the numerous accidents in which he is involved, both on his TV show and at home, it is a recurring joke that Tim is on a first name basis with the hospital staff, and it is often suggested that Tim has special offers available to him for being a repeat customer. Another gag is that Tool Time fans believe his many accidents are staged, to show people what not to do. However, many of Tim's modified inventions work but are often too powerful, like his new ice cube dispenser in season 2. Tim often garbles advice he heard from Wilson and/or otherwise makes stupid remarks – although on one episode Tim stuns Jill and Wilson by putting forth sound advice of his own. Another running gag is Tim accidentally causing damage or destruction to anything he touches – such as destroying the world's smallest car or running over golf carts with a Marine Corps tank. Tim has an unhealthy obsession with Halloween and Christmas, going to extraordinary lengths to scare others and competing with "Doc Johnson" in the annual neighborhood Christmas lighting contest, which he has rarely won.

text: While Tim has a very good relationship with his wife, he is quick to admit defeat in any conflict they become engaged in. He also works hard to maintain healthy relationships with his three sons, although he relates more closely to Brad than Randy or Mark.

text: Tim is occasionally chauvinistic in attitude, usually putting women down or sometimes seeing them as inferior(But he often must absorb the same insults against men from Jill). He also tends to mock those who are overweight, such as Al's mother or his mother-in-law (until she loses weight), and can be juvenile in attitude on many occasions. A running gag involves Jill's distaste for his attitude, in that she says "You're pathetic" every time he goes too far. Tim is an avid fan of all the local sports teams; the Detroit Lions, the Detroit Pistons, the Detroit Red Wings, and the Detroit Tigers. He is also a big fan of boxing, the Indy Racing League, and tractor pulls. Many scenes take place in the garage during his favorite hobby, working on one of his two hot rods, one of which he built from the ground up, and the other existing vehicle that he restored.

text: While he occasionally considers moving on professionally, Tim remains the main host of Tool Time until the final episode of Home Improvement. Before he was cast on Tool Time, he worked as a traveling tool salesman. Tim barely graduated from college, but later receives an honorary Doctorate from Western Michigan University. Tim is famous for his ever-popular noisemaking, which he refers to as a "Simian grunt."

text: His mother is alive for the entire series, however his father died when Tim was eleven years old. There has always been some disparity between how many brothers Tim has. On several occasions in the later seasons, it is mentioned that Tim has four brothers, but in earlier seasons he is stated to have five, however, seven have been mentioned by name (Marty, Jeff, Rick, John, Steve, Brian, and Danny).

text: Tim always thinks things need "more power", and is often seen wearing sweaters from Michigan-based colleges. Tim thinks he knows everything there is to know about tools.

text: Tim is the only character to appear in every single episode. A close second is Jill, who only missed the second part of the series finale (unless one counts the flashbacks shown).

text: Jill Taylor[edit]

text: Jillian "Jill" Patterson Taylor (Patricia Richardson) – Jill (born November 1956) is Tim's wife and the mother of Brad, Randy, and Mark. Jill graduated from Adams High School (taken from an actual high school in Rochester Hills, Michigan) in 1973. Jill is intelligent, practical, and has a dry sense of humor that doesn't often fly with her family. After she decides that her career is not fulfilling, Jill dedicates herself toward earning her master's degree in Psychology. While she is very motherly and domestic in nature, she is apparently a very bad cook, as Tim and the three boys often make remarks about her cooking. Her strong femininity is often in direct conflict with Tim's masculinity, occasionally leading her to wonder why they work as a couple.

text: Jill comes from a strong military family, and sometimes uses her upbringing to solve several family squabbles. Her father was a Colonel in the US Army and is referred to as such. Jill has four sisters, all of whom have appeared: Robin, Carrie, Tracy, and Linda. (A fifth sister, Katie, was briefly mentioned by Jill's mother in the season 2 episode, "Much Ado About Nana", and in the season 4 episode, "Quibbling Siblings", but never again.) She often appears overwhelmed at the fact that she is the only female in a family with three sons and no daughter. She appears closest to her youngest son, Mark, as she remarks a few times that Mark is the only one who still has the ability to be open-minded to accept the things that Jill likes as opposed to being the typical "boy". Early on, she has a temporary job working at a magazine, and later in the series, Jill is a psychology student. She also does a significant amount of volunteer work, especially for the local library.

text: Jill has a strong feminist side and enjoys opera, theatre, and the ballet. She occasionally tries to be interested in sports and tools but always ends up relating to her husband over his buried sensitivity. Jill also considers it her mission to get Tim, Brad, Randy, and Mark to do the right thing. Jill refers to any or all of her sons, as well as Tim by their full names when she is angry. Jill likes to "match-make", with mixed results, as she did set up Al with Ilene, who were together for a few seasons, and Wilson and one of her professors in another successful relationship. She also has a thing for cars – driving at different times an Austin-Healey 3000 (which Tim hates because he doesn't understand British wiring) and a cherry red Chevy Bel-Air Nomad; in two memorable episodes, Jill is furious with Tim for driving her Healey without permission and for wrecking her Nomad. In other memorable episodes, Jill is extremely angry at Tim when he calls her an "old Hen" on TV and when she finds out he bought $4,000 worth of game tickets for the Detroit Pistons.

text: Brad Taylor[edit]

text: Bradley Michael "Brad" Taylor (Zachery Ty Bryan) – (born January 1981) is the oldest, most athletic and strongest of the three boys, once seen throwing Randy around when they got into an argument. While all three boys are portrayed as troublemakers at one point or another, Brad gets into the most serious trouble. He is the only one to have a run-in with the police (after throwing bricks at windows in an abandoned greenhouse) and was once discovered in possession of marijuana, which he admitted to smoking. On the other hand, Brad was the only Taylor son to co-host an episode of Tool Time, and the one seen doing the most extensive work on Tim's Hot Rod, and is the son to which Tim relates to the easiest. Although he often struggled with his school work, he has extraordinary athletic ability, especially playing soccer. Throughout the series, he was offered numerous opportunities to make a career out of soccer, including the offer to play for a professional team in England (the fictitious Birmingham Chubbs). This was rejected when his parents refused to allow him to give up college to play professional soccer. Later in the series, despite a knee injury which threatened to put an end to his athletic pursuits, he earned a college scholarship to UCLA. Brad has a prominent attraction to women, including his mild infatuation with Tool Time 's Heidi Keppert. Brad and Tim enjoy working on classic cars.

text: Brad got along well with Randy, especially early on in the show. The two are often seen working together to tease Mark, attempting to cover up Brad's actions to keep him out of trouble, or just hanging out together. Brad and Mark don't share many things in common until they get older, especially in the 8th season where they develop a close bond while Randy is away in Costa Rica.

text: Randy Taylor[edit]

text: Randall William "Randy" Taylor (Jonathan Taylor Thomas) – Randy (born February 8, 1982) is the middle child, ultimately the smartest of the three boys, and frequently the most mischievous troublemaker. Randy's intelligence eventually led to him skipping ahead to advanced math and science classes, and was often the cause of sibling rivalry with Brad. Randy inherited Tim's talents as a jokester. Randy in the later seasons is noticeably a lot shorter than his brothers and his height is often made fun of by Brad. Whenever Tim was in trouble with Jill, Randy was always there with a quick remark that would almost always get him in trouble. Although initially sharing mostly the same interests as Brad and his father, throughout his adolescence Randy became very conscious about the environment and civil rights. He became very skeptical of the intentions of organized religion, especially Christian denominations, and became a vegetarian in later seasons. He wrote for the school newspaper, where he concentrated on social and political issues, including criticizing Binford for its pollution record, which led to a fierce disagreement with Tim. Unlike Brad who dated many different girls, Randy, for the most part, only dated one girl, Lauren, whom he remained with for the rest of the series.

text: Randy is generally the most level-headed son in the family, although because he is an intelligent boy, he was also prone to arrogance, jealousy, and sometimes a little prejudice. His father has a tendency to dislike and mock anything he has no interest in, such as ballet and opera, and Randy inherited this attitude, which ironically puts him at odds with Tim, since Randy has no interest in cars and tools. Out of all the Taylor boys, Randy is the one with the least respect for his father. He once called his father's show "Fool Time", and compared his father to an ape. When Tim brought Brad onto Tool Time, Randy immediately called it a stupid show and acted hateful towards Tim and Brad. During high school, he wrote a school article that turned many adults against Tim for Binford's pollution record, threatening his father's reputation, and he bitterly disapproved of Brad's jockish article earning the paper's front page, which was usually occupied by Randy's articles. He does however mend his relationships with them after learning the error of his ways.

text: In the Eighth Season of the show, Randy leaves for Costa Rica (along with Lauren, who stayed in a nearby town), reappearing in only one episode when he came back for Christmas. On that occasion, Randy felt that so much had changed in his absence that he no longer fit in with the family, although confiding in Wilson aided his feelings. Unlike Tim and Brad, Randy is not good with his hands and does not enjoy working on crafts or the Hot Rod. Randy often relates more with his mother, with whom he shares his intelligence and enjoyment of acting (although Tim embarrassed Randy during one acting scene thanks to a malfunctioning stage prop). In another episode Randy's party with friends was ruined due to Tim putting on too many coats of floorwax-which resulted in his girlfriend getting a sprained ankle.

text: Early on in the show, Brad and Randy were portrayed as "partners in crime". While they did argue like normal brothers, they generally bonded over their mutual enjoyment of teasing Mark. As they got older, they grew apart somewhat, as Randy became more focused on school and social issues and Brad became more focused on athletics and girls.

text: Early on Randy and Mark generally only get along when united against Brad, though things improved somewhat as they got older.

text: Mark Taylor[edit]

text: Marcus Jason "Mark" Taylor (Taran Noah Smith[1]) – Mark (born March 1985) is the youngest and most sensitive of the three boys.[2] He relates very closely with his mother, especially after the first season. He does not share many interests with his brothers or father, and in the early seasons was often the victim due to his naïveté of some practical joke that Brad and Randy had thought up on the spot for him. Mark is not a troublemaker, as he doesn't possess a joking demeanor or even a hint of a mean streak. On the rare occasions that Brad or Randy include him on pranks, Mark often blows their cover by responding to someone when he is not supposed to or divulging too much information. This divulging of information not only gets Brad and Randy in trouble, but often Tim as well, especially when he is trying to keep something he said or did from Jill. During adolescence, Mark began to adopt a more "goth" look and an anti-establishment kind of attitude, the cause of which was founded in his feelings of social isolation. While Mark's darkening demeanor worried Tim and Jill on several occasions, it never turned into anything extremely destructive, although a homemade horror movie he created was a bit more twisted than they expected. His Gothic appearance was gone by the end of the series. Mark enjoys film production and music, took karate and pilot training, and became a proficient cook. During the early seasons of the show Mark is seen in a Cub Scout uniform-sans badges.

text: Mark's relationship with Brad and Randy was often adversarial, especially in early seasons as he was often the butt of their jokes, pranks and teasing. While Mark never truly bonded with Randy, in the final season Mark and Brad grew very close as the result of the dynamic of their relationship changing when Randy left for Costa Rica. Mark eventually became taller than Randy.

text: Marty Taylor[edit]

text: Martin "Marty" Taylor (William O'Leary) – Marty (born in 1964) is Tim's youngest brother by ten years. As their father died when Marty was just one year old, Tim is the closest thing he knows to a father. Marty was often picked on by his older brothers, much as Mark is by Brad and Randy. He is often seen bouncing from job to job, unable to hold a steady career, partially due to autism. For the majority of the show's run, Marty was married to Nancy (Jensen Daggett), and they had identical twin girls, Gracie and Claire.

text: Jeff Taylor[edit]

text: Jeffrey "Jeff" Taylor (Thom Sharp) – Jeff is Tim and Marty's oldest brother (exact age unspecified). He is extremely frugal and suffers from male-pattern baldness, both of which make him a frequent target of Tim's jokes. Like Marty, Jeff has trouble maintaining a steady job. It is mentioned that he has made a number of bad business ventures (such as a drive-thru pet store), was divorced twice, and didn't finish college (as mentioned by Jill's sister in one episode). Jeff eventually makes an investment in Tim's hardware store.

text: Friends of the family[edit]

text: Al Borland[edit]

text:
Al Borland

Home Improvement character

First appearance
"Pilot"

Last appearance
"The Long and Winding Road"

Portrayed by
Richard Karn

Information

Family
Alma Borland (mother)
Cal Borland (brother)

text: Albert E. "Al" Borland (Richard Karn) – A master plumber and licensed contractor, Al is Tim's un-hip sidekick on the show-within-a-show Tool Time and best friend. His personality is an exact opposite of Tim's – he is reserved, quiet, does not show much enthusiasm and has a wide array of professional knowledge concerning tools. Al made frequent suggestions that he should be the host of Tool Time instead of Tim. Al does not make as much money as Tim, in fact it is implied that his salary is not very big at all. In the episode, "Brothers and Sisters", Al says that he gets a very small paycheck. In the episode, "Fifth Anniversary", it is revealed that a big reason why Al was chosen to be Tim's assistant was because Al was the only assistant applicant that was willing to work for the salary that was offered. Al could be characterized as a "mama's boy"; he spent a great deal of time attempting to please his mother Alma – who was severely overweight (though she was never seen). She died from a heart attack near the end of the series after Al asked her permission to marry Trudy. His father was almost 60 when Al was born. Young Al has mechanical talent-constructing a model crane out of wood. Al was engaged to an orthodontist named Ilene for a time, but they ended up calling off the wedding. He also dated Greta Post who appeared a few times in the series. In a later season, Al met a wealthy exterminator named Trudy. They hit it off and were married in the show's final episode. Al might have been based on Norm Abram of This Old House because of the resemblance (flannel shirts, beard, pudgy, etc.) and the fact that Al does all the "real work" on the Tool Time show (much like Norm did on This Old House). In the episode "No, No, Gadot", Tim and Al were arrested for scalping hockey tickets. In a holding cell, an inmate named George approached them and asked if they were "the guys from that TV tool show", and Tim responded with "why, yes, I'm Bob Vila, and this is Norm". Al has a big brother named Cal who is a physicist, and unlike some other siblings around the world, they had never gotten into a physical fight. Instead, they usually settled their disputes over a cup of tea. In a flashback episode of the Tool Time premiere, Al was noted to be a Pisces and had a clean-shaven face, while Tim had a beard. Al has his own fan club. Like Tim, Al is left-handed and his favorite board games are Parcheesi, Chinese Checkers, Scrabble and Bingo. His favorite movie is My Fair Lady. One episode had a pet of Al's, a turtle named "Scooter," which Tim accidentally dropped in cement. With his dry wit, Al serves as the show's (both Tool Time and Home Improvement) straight man to the wackier, more outgoing Tim. Beginning at the end of the fifth season, Al invented a second source of income for himself by inventing a board game based on Tool Time, which features Tim, Al and Heidi as playable characters.

text: Family, fashion sense, and career[edit]

text: Borland is slightly overweight, and always seen wearing flannel, which Tim cracks jokes about consistently. The reason he always wears flannel came from his father, who, when asking young Al to assist in their own various home projects, would put his old flannels on Al to keep him clean or warm. Al wears flannel as a tribute to him after he died.

text: Tim also often criticizes Al's mother, Alma Borland, who is never seen (except her hand and forearm), but is apparently severely overweight. In one of the later episodes, Al announces to his mother he is getting married. Immediately afterwards, she screams, passes out, and dies. (she was holding a breadstick, which was all that was seen) When hearing the news, the breadstick shook violently and fell over. The coffin, shown at her funeral, is double-wide to keep the humorous tone.

text: Al also has a brother, Cal, who looks and dresses almost exactly like him, though he is a physicist ("Sisters and Brothers"). In the episode commentaries featured on the Season 1 DVD Set, the executive producers reveal that "Cal" was a fan from Texas who sent his photo in a fan letter. Upon seeing his resemblance to Al, the producers brought him in to be Al's brother, Cal.

text: When Al was younger, he took fencing in school and served in the Navy as a Lt (j.g.) with the Seabees, and although he wanted to see the world, he was stationed in Fallon, Nevada (interestingly enough, in the episode where Al mentions this, he uses the shibboleth pronunciation of "Nevada", which is uncommon for an outsider, especially someone living in the midwest). After finishing his military service, Al was a construction crane operator (AFL–CIO Local 324), then apparently got certified as a master plumber and carpenter before getting the job on Tool Time. Al drives a 1983 Mercury Grand Marquis station wagon which his mother passed down to him, and has put much time and effort into preserving the vehicle. While Al has similar interests of Tim such as cars, he has some rather odd interests, such as being able to deduce different types of wood by smell rather than appearance or texture.

text: Al gets along well with Tim's sons. However, just like Tim, Al has faced problems and needed to seek the advice of Wilson. Outside of his job, Al has made investments such as becoming part owner of Harry's Hardware and marketing a successful board game based on Tool Time, whose object is to avoid hospitalization.[3]

text: Al's beard[edit]

text: Al's beard is also a constant joke by Tim. In one episode where Tool Time is celebrating their fifth anniversary show, Al is shown in the first ever episode of Tool Time clean shaven, while Tim has a beard.[4]

text: Al's knowledge of tools and home improvement[edit]

text: He generally knows what he is doing more than Tim, and he seems to have a better knowledge of tools and home improvement than Tim. In the first episode of Tool Time, he was described as a "master plumber" by Tim Taylor. He also is very serious about his job, unlike Tim, who often jokes and messes up the project. Al often speaks fondly of his time as a U.S. Navy Seabee. Although Tim is the one who messes up most of the projects on Tool Time, Al is often the one who is blamed for the mishap, or is injured by the mishap. On rare occasions Al would cause a mishap of his own, but these were more due to overcalculating than Tim's attitude of "more power". Despite this, Tim and Al are good friends offstage, and Al often helps out, either by helping with home projects, or by watching his children.

text: Love life[edit]

text: Throughout the series, Al has had four different girlfriends. In season one, Al went out with Greta Post, whom he met while she was volunteering to help out during a Tool Time show. Al then showed an interest in Jill's friend Karen, but when he learned she found another man Al took it well and rebounded. He almost went out with Tim's ex-girlfriend Stacey Lewis, however, he wasn't interested in her as much as he thought. From seasons three through five, Al went out with Dr. Ilene Markham, an orthodontist who is sisters with one of Jill's co-workers. They got engaged, but they decided at the wedding that they shouldn't marry. Al met a woman named Trudy in season seven and married her in the finale episode in 1999.

text: Running gags surrounding Al[edit]

text:
His overweight and overbearing mother.
Tim jokes about Al's mom "looking for a smorgasbord".
He is always wearing flannel.
His beard.
His popularity with the female Tool Time fans, a source of amazement and confusion for Tim.
His love of Bingo.
His fanatic admiration of fellow home improvement television host Bob Vila.
Whenever Tim suggests doing something particularly stupid, dangerous or both, Al replies in deadpan fashion, "I don't think so, Tim".
When Tim would make a particularly sexist or otherwise offensive remark, Al would hold up a large sign with Tim's mailing address and say, "That's Tim Taylor, care of Tool Time, PO Box 32733, Detroit, Michigan, 48252" Sometimes Tim will rip the sign half-way in his sentence, but Al would just pick up another sign and finish.
His often unlucky relationship with women, despite (or possibly because of) him being more sensitive than Tim.

tag: ul

text: Wilson Wilson, Jr.[edit]

text: Wilson W. Wilson, (Earl Hindman) – Tim's neighbor and confidant. As a child, his parents did not allow him to speak to his neighbors, so he really likes talking to Tim and Jill. Wilson serves as an all-wise sage in the show, doling out advice to the Taylor family and seemingly always knowing just what to say to solve a problem. While most of his appearances were to help the Taylors, on seldom occasion someone who was in the extended family, or a nonmember, such as Al, would seek out Wilson's advice. He has traveled the globe and learned much from virtually every culture in existence. He has a Ph.D. in Cultural Studies, studying "extinct languages and forgotten cultures." His house is full of artifacts along with a pet myna bird named Mozart who appeared infrequently. Wilson was married at one point, but his wife Catherine died long before the series begins (in a November 1994 episode, Wilson revealed that that month would've marked his and Catherine's 25th anniversary).

text: At first it was unclear whether "Wilson" was his first name or last, but his full name is revealed as Wilson Wilson, Jr. In Season 6, it is revealed that his cousins are the Wilsons of The Beach Boys. He has a grown niece named Willow Wilson (China Kantner), who appeared regularly in the seventh season when she moved in with him for a while. His usual greetings are "Well, hi-dee-ho ..." or "Hi ho, there neighbor" or "good neighbor" when greeting Tim, "neighborette" when greeting Jill, and "Taylor lad(s)" when greeting the Taylor boys.

text: A visual gag is that Wilson's face isn't shown in its entirety, originally (and most commonly) with the bottom half obscured by the tall privacy fence that separates the neighbors' yards. This gag is extended over the course of the series with other objects (or a beard) obscuring the bottom of his face, or the bottom half showing but the top obscured (such as by a mask), or his full face shown but covered by paint. The audience finally sees Earl Hindman's full face unobscured in the series finale's curtain call. This was based on how Tim Allen saw a next-door neighbor when he was growing up.

text: Lisa[edit]

text: Lisa (Pamela Anderson) – Binford's first "Tool Girl." A secondary cast member on Tool Time, Lisa's job was to introduce Tim and Al and to hand them any tool they requested. When Pamela Anderson chose to leave Home Improvement to pursue a role on the syndicated series Baywatch, she was written out of the series after Season 2 and it was stated that Lisa was training to be a paramedic. She returned for a guest appearance several years later, having become fully qualified.

text: Heidi Keppert[edit]

text: Heidi Keppert (Debbe Dunning) – The second "Tool Girl" (beginning in Season 3) and a master electrician.[5] Initially, the character was seen only in and around the Tool Time set. In later seasons, her personal life crossed paths with Tim and Al on a number of occasions. She gave birth to a daughter (Amy) and suffered marital problems during the show's run. In Season 8 Episode 24 (Dead Weight), Heidi reveals to Tim that her breasts twitch when she is nervous. In the last episode of the series, Heidi revealed she was pregnant for a second time. Her outfits typically showed off her very large cleavage during the "Tool Time" episodes. Tim speculated that many men came to the show just to see Heidi. It is revealed in multiple episodes that Tim's son, Brad, has a crush on her.[5] In seasons seven and eight, her role on Tool Time increased so much that she was eventually given main cast billing in the opening credits.

text: Harry Turner[edit]

text: Harry Turner (Blake Clark) – Owner of "Harry's Hardware", where Tim spent a great deal of his time (and money) and in which Al eventually became part owner. He is married  – not-so-happily  – to Delores (Shirley Prestia), and the couple bad-mouths one another behind their respective backs on every occasion(But Dolores rarely follows this rule). Also has four sons, one Dennis (David DeLuise), with whom he has a somewhat rocky relationship. In one episode Harry told Tim that he had gotten a vasectomy. In another episode it is mentioned he served in the United States Marine Corps in the Vietnam War.

text: Benny Baroni[edit]

text: Benny Baroni (Jimmy Labriola) – One of Tim's buddies who hangs out at the hardware store. Benny is a bit of a slacker and notoriously known as a freeloader – his trademark being drinking coffee and eating donuts. Benny has not had a job in years, mainly because he doesn't like to work. He makes money by gambling and betting on horse races. On one episode ("A House Divided", Season 4.18) While the "Tool Time" crew is fixing up Benny's aunt's house, the structure is blown up due to Benny's negligence and is not Tim's fault; furthermore when Tim and his family are moving furniture back into the twice repaired Benny's aunt house, Benny, rather than helping out, lies back on a lawn chair to watch the others do the work. He is also known for being inconsiderate of others; at one point, he even ate at a soup kitchen regularly to avoid paying for meals. One episode ("The Look", Season 5.07) Tim was selling season Pistons tickets (Tim had 2 tickets for each game and each pair cost $100) and Benny not able or willing to buy any of the tickets kept offering to go to the games with the people who were buying them, even people he didn't even know, so he could go to the games without paying for a ticket. Ironically in a rare instance of performing earnest work, Benny once appeared on an episode of Tool Time for "Tim and Al's Fantasy Kitchen", where he was shown cutting meat inside a walk-in freezer.

text: Other recurring characters[edit]

text:
Karen (Betsy Randle) – feminist friend of Jill who is very obnoxious towards Tim, often helping Jill mock and discourage Tim. Tim finds her irritating. While she finds her rivalry with Tim innocent and harmless, she has no qualms passively accusing Tim of being unfaithful, making Jill feel insecure about their marriage. Moved to California after Season 2 - this coincided with the start of her regular role of Amy Matthews on Boy Meets World, another ABC sitcom.
Ilene Louise Markham, D.D.S. (Sherry Hursey) – an orthodontist, and Al's first serious girlfriend. On their wedding day, she and Al mutually agreed not to get married and ended their romance on a positive note. Her last appearance was in Season 6.
Marie Morton (Mariangela Pino) – neighbor of the Taylors; close friend of Jill.
Joe Morton (Robert Picardo) – Marie's overactive and obnoxious husband; the "meat man" who irritates Tim, until Morton finds a hard to find jalopy replacement part for Tim; ran out on Marie in Season 5 - this coincided with Picardo's taking the role of "The Doctor" on Star Trek: Voyager.
Jennifer Sudarski (Jessica Wesson) – Brad's first love interest who always called him "Bradley", later moved to Ohio.
Angela (Kristen Clayton) – Former girlfriend of Brad, known for being a constant motor-mouth. She dumped Brad for a guy with his own car. Brad suffered from a bout of depression because of this, but eventually rebounded.
Ashley (Leigh Ann Orsi) – girlfriend of Brad, went to boarding school from Season 5 onwards
Beth (Anndi McAfee) – Randy's first girlfriend who left town
Lauren (Courtney Peldon) – Randy's tomboy girlfriend, left for Costa Rica with him in Season 8.
Lillian "Nana" Patterson (Polly Holliday) – Jill's mother. Before Lillian's first appearance, she was joked at by Tim as being largely overweight, though in her first appearance, Lillian has become thin again, having used Tim's jokes on Tool Time as motivation. Lillian speaks with a very notable Southwestern accent and is caring and supportive to Jill whenever she has troubles.
Colonel Fred Patterson (M. Emmet Walsh) – Jill's father, died in his sleep from a heart attack in Season 6. He had a long career in the Army and his favorite movie is Patton. He somewhat gets along fine with Tim, but doesn't particularly respect him, never calling him by his name but instead calling him "Hey You".
Delores Turner (Shirley Prestia) – Harry's overbearing and demanding wife; a New York Knicks fan who can devastate men with "The Look". Her worsening asthma causes Harry to sell the hardware store and move to Arizona in Season 8. Delores and Harry are shown to constantly be arguing whenever they are seen together. Delores is shown several times to work at a local coffee shop as a waitress, where she continues to be sharp-tongued to customers
Nancy Taylor (Jensen Daggett) – Wife of Marty Taylor. They are divorced in Season 8.
John Binford (Noble Willingham) – founder of Binford Tools, died early in Season 3.
Maureen "Producer" Binford (Vicki Lewis) – John Binford's overeager and annoying daughter, she ran Tool Time for a brief time during Season 2, constantly reminding Tim in a sing-song voice that she was the Producer of the show, which allowed her to cause many changes to the show that Tim hated.
Trudy McHale (Megan Cavanagh) – an electrician and heiress to her family's fortune whom Al married in the final episode.
Cal Borland (Keith Lehman) – Al's brother, a physicist.
Felix Myman (Al Fann) – professional plumber and frequent participant in Tool Time's projects.
Rock Flanagan (Casey Sander) – construction worker at K&B Construction. Somewhat loud, and charismatic, Rock always responds to guest appearances on Tool Time by saying, "It's always great to be here, Timmy!" In K&B's "all-tool band", his instrument is a grinder run over an empty oil drum.
Dwayne Hoover (Gary McGurk) – construction worker at K&B Construction. The "straight man" of K&B, he always has to interrupt Pete whenever he is about to say a story that is too revealing by saying, "This is not the time, nor the place!" In K&B's band, he plays hammers on an anvil.
Pete Bilker (Mickey Jones) – construction worker at K&B Construction. Whenever he is called by name from Rock, Pete usually responds, "That would be me." In K&B's band, he plays empty plastic fuel cans as drums, using screwdrivers as drumsticks.
Carrie Patterson (Tudi Roche – the real-life wife of Richard Karn), Jill's sister, a world-traveling photographer.
Willow Branch Leaf Wilson (China Kantner) – Wilson's laid back niece, just goes by Willow, saying she "pruned it back".
Lucille Taylor (Bonnie Bartlett) – Tim's widowed mother.
Bud Harper (Charlie Robinson) – head of Binford Tools, Tim's boss. Bud interacts a lot with Tim and Al, even offering Tim season tickets to the Detroit Pistons. He does not particularly respect Al, even at one point suggesting Al get fired, however Tim defended Al from this.
Jason (Jarrad Paul) – Eddie Haskell-like friend of Brad, often claims to be a fan of Tool Time even though he's never actually seen the show and gains favor with Tim by pretending to ask for advice about tools.
Samantha Hayes (Maggie Lawson) – A college student who dated Brad, although she was four years his senior, which troubled Jill and Tim. In one episode, she and Brad impulsively decided to get married at their young age, but Tim and Jill successfully tricked them to realize their mistake.
Patty (Tammy Lauren) – Jill's friend in season six and seven
Morgan Wondell (Danny Zorn) – The much hated producer of Tool Time during the final season. He apparently has no interest in tool shows, and constantly made changes to the show's premise, even staging a Jerry Springer Show-like riot in the audience, and planning to stage more destructive accidents. Rather than let Wondell turn their show into "Trash Time", Tim, Al, and Heidi quit in the series finale.
Milton (Milton Canady) – friend of Tim, often a guest on Tool Time; when he's around, people tend to make gay references, leading to him snapping "Hey, I don't go for that sort of thing!".
Art Leonard (Dick O'Neill) – Tim's old shop teacher who inspired him to enter the world of tools; stops by several times; at one point has a fling with Tim's mother.
George Sparky Henderson (Patrick Cronin) – friend of Tim and fellow car enthusiast.
Antonio (Vasili Bogazianos) – a sarcastic waiter who is always seen serving the Taylors at high-class restaurants; constantly jokes about the Taylors being cheap.
Alma Borland – Al's unseen, overbearing, obese mother; is the butt of many of Tim's jokes; dies of a sudden heart attack in Season 8.
Ronny (Kaylan Romero) – Mark's goth friend in season 7. Almost never speaks a word and constantly disturbs Tim and Jill with his silent but haunting demeanor.