document_title: Oval Office address

question_text: what president gave the most speeches from the oval office

text: Oval Office address

text: Background[edit]

text: The first Oval Office address was delivered to the nation by President Harry S. Truman, who urged Americans to conserve food to aid postwar Europe.[2] President Dwight D. Eisenhower used the format in 1957 to inform the United States of his decision to send troops to Little Rock to enforce school desegregation.[3] Being only the second ever televised address directly from the president's office, Eisenhower had to explain as much to the audience, saying, "in speaking from the house of Lincoln, of Jackson, of Wilson, my words would better convey both the sadness I feel today in the actions I feel compelled to make, and the firmness with which I intend to pursue this course."[3]

text: Some previous addresses include John F. Kennedy's 1962 news of the Cuban Missile Crisis,[4] Jimmy Carter's 1979 "Malaise" speech,[5] Ronald Reagan's speech following the Space Shuttle Challenger disaster in 1986,[6] George W. Bush's Address to the Nation on the evening of the 2001 September 11 terrorist attacks[7] and Barack Obama's June 2010 speech addressing the issue of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill.[8]

text: There have been suggestions that the traditional Oval Office address is falling out of favor in the Information Age, with White House aide Daniel Pfeiffer describing it as "an argument from the 80s" when President Ronald Reagan would draw tens of millions of viewers per address (29 in all, the most of any president; Nixon ranks second, having given 22).[9] Television networks are increasingly reluctant to sacrifice airtime for a political purpose.[2] President Obama preferred to use the East Room, as in his announcement of the death of Osama bin Laden.[2][10]

text: Traditionally, the addresses are delivered with the President sitting at the Resolute desk speaking into the camera. Occasionally, however, the President will stand at a lectern on the opposite side of the Oval Office and give the address. President Donald J. Trump's first Oval Office Address to the nation on June 14, 2017 was done in this way.

text: List of Oval Office addresses[edit]

text:
President
Date
Subject

Donald Trump
June 14, 2017
Reacting to the Congressional baseball shooting

Barack Obama
Dec. 6, 2015
Addressing the threat of terrorism

Dec. 17, 2014
Thawing of relations with Cuba

Aug. 31, 2010
End of U.S. combat operations in Iraq

June 15, 2010
Gulf of Mexico oil spill

George W. Bush
Sept. 13, 2007
Iraq War

Sept. 11, 2006
War on terror

May 15, 2006
Immigration reform

Dec. 18, 2005
Iraq War and the war on terror

March 19, 2003
Beginning of combat operations in Iraq

Sept. 11, 2001
Terrorist attacks in New York, Pennsylvania, and Washington, D.C.

Bill Clinton
Jan. 18, 2001
Farewell address

March 24, 1999
Airstrikes against Serbian targets in Yugoslavia (Serbia and Montenegro)

Dec. 16, 1998
U.S. military strike on Iraq

Aug. 20, 1998
U.S. cruise missile strikes on Afghanistan and Sudan

Nov. 27, 1995
Peace agreement in Bosnia-Herzegovina

June 13, 1995
Balanced budget plan

Oct. 10, 1994
Iraq

Sept. 18, 1994
Haiti

Sept. 15, 1994
Haiti

Oct. 7, 1993
Somalia

Aug. 3, 1993
National economic program

June 26, 1993
Strike on Iraqi intelligence headquarters

Feb. 15, 1993
National economic program

George H. W. Bush
Dec. 4, 1992
Somalia

Sept. 1, 1992
Hurricane Andrew disaster relief

May 1, 1992
Los Angeles riots

Sept. 27, 1991
Reducing U.S. and Soviet nuclear weapons

Sept. 13, 1991
Nomination of Robert Gates as CIA director

Feb. 27, 1991
Suspension of allied combat operations in the Persian Gulf

Jan. 16, 1991
Beginning of allied military action in the Persian Gulf

Oct. 2, 1990
Federal budget agreement

Aug. 8, 1990
U.S. military deployment to Saudi Arabia

Dec. 20, 1989
U.S. military action in Panama

Sept. 5, 1989
National drug control strategy

Ronald Reagan
Jan. 11, 1989
Farewell address

Feb. 2, 1988
Aid to the Nicaraguan Democratic Resistance

Oct. 14, 1987
Nomination of Robert H. Bork to the Supreme Court

Mar. 4, 1987
Iran–Contra affair

April 14, 1986
U.S. airstrike against Libya

March 16, 1986
Nicaragua

Jan. 28, 1986
Space Shuttle Challenger explosion

Nov. 5, 1984
Presidential election

July 4, 1984
Observance of Independence Day

May 9, 1984
U.S. policy in Central America

Jan. 29, 1984
Decision to seek re-election

Oct. 27, 1983
Events in Lebanon and Grenada

Sept. 5, 1983
Soviet attack on a Korean civilian airliner

Sept. 20, 1982
Multinational force in Lebanon

Dec. 23, 1981
Christmas and the Piast Coal Mine strike in Poland

Feb. 5, 1981
U.S. economy

Jimmy Carter
Apr. 25, 1980
Rescue attempt of American hostages in Iran

Jan. 4, 1980
Soviet invasion of Afghanistan

Jul. 15, 1979
Energy policy ("Crisis of Confidence" or "Malaise" speech)

Oct. 24, 1978
Anti-inflation program

Gerald Ford
Sep. 8, 1974
Pardon of Richard Nixon

Richard Nixon
Aug. 8, 1974
Resignation

Lyndon B. Johnson
Mar. 31, 1968
Vietnam War and decision not to seek re-election

John F. Kennedy
Jun. 11, 1963
Civil rights

Oct. 22, 1962
Cuban Missile Crisis

Dwight Eisenhower
Jan. 17, 1961
Farewell address

Sep. 24, 1957
Enforcement of desegregation

Feb. 29, 1956
Decision to seek re-election

Harry S Truman
Oct. 5, 1947[11]
Food conservation to aid post-war Europe


document_title: Jake and the Fatman

question_text: who played jake in jake and the fatman

question_tokens: who played jake in jake and the fatman

root

text: Jake and the Fatman

text: Plot[edit]

text: J. L. "Fatman" McCabe is a Hawaii-born, tough former HPD officer turned Los Angeles district attorney. He is teamed with a handsome, happy-go-lucky special investigator named Jake Styles. They often clash due to their different styles and personalities. "Fatman" hardly travels anywhere without Max, his pet bulldog. The show was set in Los Angeles during the first season. After the end of Magnum, P.I., the show was moved to Hawaii. The second and third seasons and half of the fourth season were filmed in Honolulu. The show then returned to Los Angeles for the remainder of its run.

tag: p

text: Cast[edit]

text: Main cast[edit]

text:
William Conrad as District Attorney J. L. "Fatman" McCabe
Joe Penny as Detective Jake Styles
Alan Campbell as Assistant District Attorney Derek Mitchell

tag: ul

text: Recurring guest stars[edit]

text:
Lu Leonard as Gertrude
Olga Russell as Elisabeth Berkeley-Smythe
Jack Hogan as Judge Smithwood
George O'Hanlon Jr as Sergeant Rafferty
Melody Anderson as Sergeant Neely Capshaw

text: Guest stars on the series included Alex Cord, Robert Culp, Scott Marlowe, Leigh McCloskey, Ed Nelson, Leo Penn, Stephen Quadros, Robert Reed, Mitch Ryan, David Soul and Ray Sharkey.

text: Production[edit]

text: Development[edit]

text: Conrad guest starred as an aging prosecutor in a two-part episode of Matlock during its first season on NBC. Executive producers Fred Silverman and Dean Hargrove decided to use this character as a model for one of the main characters in a new show they were creating for CBS. Penny also guest starred in these episodes, but his character was not on the same side as Conrad's character in the storyline's legal case.

text: Following the departure of Hargrove, executive producers David Moessinger and Jeri Taylor were brought on to run the series with Silverman. They also hired J. Michael Straczynski as story editor and, later, co-producer. Taylor and Moessinger ran the show for two years before finally leaving in a dispute over control over the show.

text: Controversy[edit]

text: Joe Penny (clarification: not the Fatman) lost a large amount of weight after the show moved to Hawaii, which led to many rumors about his health, including the possibility that he had AIDS. In actuality, he had suffered from a gastrointestinal virus and was having difficulty regaining the weight he lost. When the show moved back to Los Angeles, it was also suspected that it was on Penny's urging. This was also not true, as the move was CBS's decision.[6]

text: Episodes[edit]

text: Jake and the Fatman had a total of five seasons and 106 episodes that were broadcast on CBS between 1987 and 1992.

text:
Season

No. of episodes

Originally aired

First aired

Last aired

Pilot

2

October 28, 1986 (1986-10-28)

November 4, 1986 (1986-11-04)

1

23

September 26, 1987 (1987-09-26)

April 6, 1988 (1988-04-06)

2

11

March 15, 1989 (1989-03-15)

May 24, 1989 (1989-05-24)

3

26

September 20, 1989 (1989-09-20)

May 16, 1990 (1990-05-16)

4

24

September 12, 1990 (1990-09-12)

May 8, 1991 (1991-05-08)

5

22

September 18, 1991 (1991-09-18)

April 6, 1992 (1992-04-06)

tag: table

text: Home media[edit]

text: CBS DVD (distributed by Paramount) released the first two seasons of Jake and the Fatman on DVD in Region 1 between 2008/2009.  As of June 2015, these releases have been discontinued and are out of print.

text: Visual Entertainment released Jake and the Fatman - The Complete Collection on June 23, 2017.[7][8]

text:
DVD Name

Ep #

Region 1

Season One, Volume One

11

July 8, 2008[9]

Season One, Volume Two

12

December 2, 2008[10]

Season Two

11

May 5, 2009[11]

Season Three

26

N/A

Season Four

24

N/A

Season Five

22

N/A

The Complete Series

106

June 23, 2017[12]

text: Spin-offs[edit]

text: The nineteenth episode of the fourth season of 'Jake and the Fatman', "It Never Entered My Mind", featured  Dick Van Dyke as Dr. Mark Sloan, a medical doctor who solves crimes. The success of that episode led initially to a series of three TV movies, and then a weekly television series Diagnosis: Murder that debuted on CBS on October 29, 1993.


document_title: Arc (geometry)

question_text: the two points that mark the end of an arc

text: Arc (geometry)

text: Circular arcs[edit]

text: Length of an arc of a circle[edit]

text: The length (more precisely, arc length), L, of an arc of a circle with radius r and subtending an angle θ (measured in radians) with the circle center — i.e., the central angle — equals θr. This is because

text: Substituting in the circumference

text: and, with α being the same angle measured in degrees, since θ = α/180π, the arc length equals

text: A practical way to determine the length of an arc in a circle is to plot two lines from the arc's endpoints to the center of the circle, measure the angle where the two lines meet the center, then solve for L by cross-multiplying the statement:

text: For example, if the measure of the angle is 60 degrees and the circumference is 24 inches, then

text: This is so because the circumference of a circle and the degrees of a circle, of which there are always 360, are directly proportional.

text: Arc sector area[edit]

text: The area of the sector formed by an arc and the center of a circle (bounded by the arc and the two radii drawn to its endpoints) is

text: The area A has the same proportion to the circle area as the angle θ to a full circle:

text: We can cancel π on both sides:

text: By multiplying both sides by r2, we get the final result:

text: Using the conversion described above, we find that the area of the sector for a central angle measured in degrees is

text: Arc segment area[edit]

text: The area of the shape bounded by the arc and the straight line between its two end points is

text:
To get the area of the arc segment, we need to subtract the area of the triangle, determined by the circle's center and the two end points of the arc, from the area

A

{\displaystyle A}

. See Circular segment for details.

text: Arc radius[edit]

text: Using the intersecting chords theorem (also known as power of a point or secant tangent theorem) it is possible to calculate the radius r of a circle given the height H and the width W of an arc:

text: Consider the chord with the same endpoints as the arc. Its perpendicular bisector is another chord, which is a diameter of the circle. The length of the first chord is W, and it is divided by the bisector into two equal halves, each with length W/2. The total length of the diameter is 2r, and it is divided into two parts by the first chord. The length of one part is the sagitta of the arc, H, and the other part is the remainder of the diameter, with length 2r − H. Applying the intersecting chords theorem to these two chords produces

text: whence

text: so

text: Parabolic arcs[edit]


document_title: The Polar Express (film)

question_text: who voices the hobo in the polar express

text: The Polar Express (film)

text: Plot[edit]

text: On the night of Christmas Eve, a Grand Rapids, Michigan boy is growing bitterly skeptical of the existence of Santa Claus. As he struggles to sleep, he is roused by the arrival of a steam locomotive on the street outside his home, and dons his robe to investigate, tearing the robe's pocket as he retrieves it. Outside, the train's conductor (Tom Hanks) introduces the train as the Polar Express, bound for the North Pole. The boy initially declines to board, but jumps aboard the train as it pulls away.

text: In a passenger car, he befriends a spirited and amicable girl, and a condescending know-it-all. The train stops to pick up an impoverished child, Billy, who also declines to board; Billy changes his mind, and the boy applies the emergency brake to allow him to catch up to the train, much to the conductor's chagrin. As Billy sits alone in the train's rear dining car, hot chocolate is served in the passenger car, and the girl saves her hot chocolate for Billy. As she and the conductor cross to the dining car, the boy notices she left her ticket behind unpunched, but loses hold of the ticket between the cars when he attempts to return it. The ticket reenters the passenger car, but not before the conductor notices its absence and escorts the girl back to the rear car.

text: The know-it-all claims that the conductor will jettison the girl from the back of the train; the boy recovers the ticket and dashes to the dining car in search of the conductor, climbing onto the roof from the rear platform. He meets a hobo camping on the roof, who offers him coffee and discusses the existence of Santa Claus and belief in ghosts. The hobo skis with the boy along the tops of the cars towards the train's coal tender, where the hobo disappears. Here, the boy discovers that the girl has been made to supervise the locomotive while engineers Steamer and Smokey replace the train's headlight. The train is forced to stop while the conductor disperses a herd of caribou, whereupon the engineers return to the cabin and the boy, girl and conductor remain on the catwalk on the front of the locomotive. The throttle's split pin sheers off, causing the train to accelerate uncontrollably down a 179-degree grade and onto a frozen lake, where the engineers repair the throttle with a hairpin and drift the train to realign it with the tracks. The boy returns the girl's ticket, and as the three return to the passenger car, the boy is accosted by an Ebenezer Scrooge marionette (controlled by the hobo), taunting him and calling him a doubter.

text: The train finally arrives at the North Pole, where the conductor announces that one of the passengers will be chosen to receive the first gift of Christmas, from Santa himself. The girl discovers Billy still alone in the rear car, and she and the boy persuade him to come along; however, the boy accidentally unhitches the car, sending it back along the line to a railway turntable in Santa's workshop. The children sneak through an elf command center and a gift sorting office before accidentally being dumped into Santa's sack, where they discover that the know-it-all stowed away along with them, hoping to open his Christmas presents early. The elves rescue them as Santa arrives, and the boy grows frustrated, unable to see Santa through the crowd. A jingle bell flies loose from the galloping reindeers' reins; the boy initially cannot hear it ring, until he finds it within himself to believe. He returns the bell to Santa as he passes, and Santa selects the boy to receive the first gift of Christmas. The boy asks to keep the jingle bell, and places it in his robe pocket.

text: Four of the elves use a handcar to trundle the wayward passenger car back to the train as the children all board the Polar Express to return home, but the then boy discovers that the pocket was torn and that the bell had fallen out. He returns home and awakens Christmas morning to find a present containing the bell. He holds it to his ear and shakes it; his parents, not believing in Santa, lament how the bell is "broken".

text: Cast[edit]

text:
Tom Hanks as the Hero Boy (motion-capture only), the Hero Boy's father, the Conductor, the Hobo, Santa Claus, and the Narrator

Daryl Sabara as the Hero Boy (voice)
Josh Hutcherson as the Hero Boy (additional motion-capture)

Leslie Zemeckis as Sister Sarah (motion-capture only) and the Hero Boy's mother

Isabella Peregrina as Sister Sarah (voice)
Ashly Holloway as Sister Sarah (additional motion-capture)

Eddie Deezen as Know-It-All

Jimmy 'Jax' Pinchak as Know-It-All (additional motion-capture)

Nona Gaye as the Hero Girl

Chantel Valdivieso as the Hero Girl (additional motion-capture)
Meagan Moore as the Hero Girl (singing voice)
Tinashe as the Hero Girl (motion-capture modeling)

Peter Scolari as Billy the Lonely Boy (motion-capture only)

Hayden McFarland as Billy the Lonely Boy (additional motion-capture)
Jimmy Bennett as Billy the Lonely Boy (voice)
Matthew Hall as Billy the Lonely Boy (singing voice)

Dylan Cash as Boy on Train (voice)
Brendan King and Andy Pellick as the Pastry Chefs
Josh Eli, Rolandas Hendricks, Jon Scott, Sean Scott, Mark Mendonca, Mark Goodman, Gregory Gast, and Gordon Hart as the Waiters
Andre Sogliuzzo as Smokey and Steamer (voice)

Michael Jeter as Smokey and Steamer (motion-capture only)

Chris Coppola as Gus the Toothless Boy and an Elf

Connor Matheus as the Toothless Boy (additional motion-capture)

Julene Renee as the Red Head Girl and an Elf
Phil Fondacaro, Debbie Lee Carrington, Mark Povinelli, and Ed Gale as Elves
Charles Fleischer as the Elf General
Steven Tyler as the Elf Lieutenant and the Elf Singer
Dante Pastula as the Little Boy
Eric Newton, Aidan O'Shea, Aaron Hendry, Kevin C. Carr, Bee Jay Joyer, Jena Carpenter, Karine Mauffrey, Beth Carpenter, Bill Forchion, Devin Henderson, and Sagiv Ben-Binyamin as Acrobatic Elves
Evan Sabara as a Young Boy (additional motion-capture)

text: Production[edit]

text: Architecture[edit]

text: The buildings at the North Pole refer to a number of buildings related to American railroading history. The buildings in the square at the city's center are loosely based on the Pullman Factory in Chicago's Pullman neighborhood.[5]

text: Polar Express Locomotive[edit]

text: The locomotive featured in the film is an American 2-8-4 Berkshire type steam locomotive, with a cowcatcher, modeled after the Pere Marquette 1225, which had spent many years on static display near Spartan Stadium in East Lansing, Michigan on the campus of Michigan State University, where Chris Van Allsburg recalled playing on the engine when attending football games as a child.[6]

text: In July 2002, Warner Bros. approached the engine's owner, the Steam Railroading Institute, to study the engine.[7] The engine in the film is modeled from the PM #1225's drawings and the sounds from recordings made of the 1225 operating under steam.[8] The whistle, however, was taken from Sierra Railway #3.

text: IMAX 3D version[edit]

text: In addition to standard theatrical 35mm format, a 3-D version for IMAX was also released, generated from the same 3-D digital models used for the standard version.[9]

text: Home media release[edit]

text: The film was released on DVD as separated widescreen and full-screen versions in single and two-disc special editions (with bonus features) and on VHS on November 22, 2005, one year after the film came out.[10] It was released on Blu-ray with bonus features and presented in the original widescreen aspect ratio on October 30, 2007.

text: Soundtrack[edit]

text:
Performer(s)
Title
Length

Tom Hanks
"The Polar Express"
3:25

Matthew Hall & Meagan Moore
"When Christmas Comes to Town"
4:07

Steven Tyler
"Rockin' on the Top of the World"
2:35

Josh Groban
"Believe"
4:18

Tom Hanks
"Hot Chocolate"
2:33

Alan Silvestri
"Spirit of the Season"
2:34

Frank Sinatra
"Santa Claus Is Comin' to Town"
2:35

Alan Silvestri
"Seeing Is Believing"
3:47

Bing Crosby
"White Christmas"
3:05

The Andrews Sisters
"Winter Wonderland"
2:43

Perry Como &The Fontane Sisters
"It's Beginning to Look a Lot Like Christmas"
2:40

Kate Smith
"Silver Bells"
2:39

Bing Crosby & The Andrews Sisters
"Here Comes Santa Claus (Right Down Santa Claus Lane)"
3:04

Alan Silvestri
"Suite from the Polar Express"
6:02

text: Reception[edit]

text: Critical response[edit]

text: On Metacritic, which assigns a normalized rating to reviews, the film has a weighted average score of 61 out of 100 based on 36 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews".[11] On review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 55% based on 202 reviews, with an average rating of 6.4/10. The site's critical consensus reads, "Though the movie is visually stunning overall, the animation for the human characters isn't lifelike enough, and the story is padded."[12] Despite the polarized reception from critics, The Polar Express has been popular among audiences. The Independent reported in 2011 that the film "is now seen by many as a classic".[13] CinemaScore reported that audiences gave the film a rare "A+" grade.[14]

text: Roger Ebert gave the film his highest rating of four stars, saying, "There's a deeper, shivery tone, instead of the mindless jolliness of the usual Christmas movie." And "It has a haunting, magical quality ..." Acknowledging comments by other reviewers, Ebert said, "It's a little creepy. Not creepy in an unpleasant way, but in that sneaky, teasing way that lets you know eerie things could happen."[15] Richard Roeper gave a glowing review to the film as well, saying that it "remains true to the book, right down to the bittersweet final image."[this quote needs a citation] James Berardinelli gave it a 3.5/4, stating that it is "a delightful tale guaranteed to enthrall viewers of all ages", and ranked it as the 10th best film of 2004.[16]

text: The character design and animation were criticized for dipping into the uncanny valley.[17] Peter Travers of Rolling Stone gave the film a 1 out of 4 stars, and called it "a failed and lifeless experiment in which everything goes wrong".[18] Stephanie Zacharek of Salon gave the film 1.5 stars out of 5 and said, "I could probably have tolerated the incessant jitteriness of The Polar Express if the look of it didn't give me the creeps."[19] Geoff Pevere of the Toronto Star stated, "If I were a child, I'd have nightmares. Come to think of it, I did anyway."[20] Paul Clinton from CNN called it "at best disconcerting, and at worst, a wee bit horrifying".[21]

text: Box office[edit]

text: The film opened at #2 and earned $23,323,463 from approximately 7,000 screens at 3,650 theaters, for a per-theater average of $6,390 and a per-screen average of $3,332 in its opening weekend. It also brought in a total of $30,629,146 since its Wednesday launch. The weekend total also included $2,100,000 from 59 IMAX theaters, for an IMAX theater average of $35,593, and had a $3,000,000 take since Wednesday. In its second weekend, it grossed another $15,668,101, averaging $4,293 from 3,650 venues and boosting the 12-day cumulative to $51,463,282 and over Thanksgiving weekend made another $19,389,927, averaging $5,312 from 3,650 venues and raising the 19-day cumulative to $81,479,861.[citation needed] The film has made $186,493,472 domestically (including IMAX re-releases), and $124,140,582 overseas for a total worldwide gross of $310,634,05.[2]

text: The film had its network TV premiere on ABC, December 1, 2006. The airing brought in 13.2 million viewers, winning its timeslot and ranking 20th in the Nielsen ratings that week, according to TVTango.com.

text: Awards and honors[edit]

text: The film was nominated for three Academy Awards:

text:
Best Sound Editing (Randy Thom and Dennis Leonard)
Best Sound Mixing (Randy Thom, Tom Johnson, Dennis S. Sands and William B. Kaplan)
Best Original Song for "Believe."[22]

text: The film was nominated at the 3rd Visual Effects Society Awards in the category of "Outstanding Performance by an Animated Character in an Animated Motion Picture."[23]

text: In 2008, the American Film Institute nominated The Polar Express for its Top 10 Animated Films list.[24]

text: The "Polar Express Experience"[edit]

text: In November 2007, SeaWorld Orlando debuted the Polar Express Experience, a Motion Simulator ride based on the film. The attraction is a temporary replacement for the Wild Arctic attraction. The building housing the attraction was also temporarily re-themed to a railroad station and ride vehicles painted to resemble Polar Express passenger cars. The plot for the ride revolves around a trip to the North Pole on Christmas Eve. Guests feel the motion of the locomotive as well as the swinging of the train on ice and feeling of ice crumbling beneath them. The attraction was available until January 1, 2008,[25] and is now open annually during the Christmas season.

text: The 4D film, distributed by SimEx-Iwerks, has been shown at other amusement parks around the world including Cincinnati Zoo and Botanical Garden, Dollywood (during the annual Smoky Mountain Christmas event), Vancouver Aquarium (2009 — 2010),[26] and Warner Bros. Movie World (during the White Christmas events in 2010 and 2011).

text: Video game[edit]

text: A video game based on the film was released on November 26, 2004 for GameCube, Game Boy Advance, PlayStation 2 and Windows, developed by Blue Tongue Entertainment and published by THQ.[27][28] The plot of the game is more different than the film version. Within this time, the Ebenezer Scrooge puppet who is set as the main antagonist of the game, attempts to prevent the children from believing in Santa Claus by stealing their tickets and trying to stop the children for reaching the North Pole.[29][30]


document_title: Yonec

question_text: how does the woman in yonec avenge her oppressive husband

text: Yonec

text: Plot summary[edit]

text: The lord of Caerwent, a rich old man, marries a beautiful young woman. He fears that she will be unfaithful to him, so he imprisons her in a tower and assigns his aged sister to watch over her. As the years go by, she laments her situation and stops taking care of herself, making her beauty fade away. One day, she cries out to God, wishing that she could experience a romantic adventure as she has heard in fairy tales. Suddenly, a dark bird resembling a goshawk appears at her window. The bird transforms into a handsome knight named Muldumarec. Muldumarec declares his love for her and reveals that, while he has loved her from afar, he could only approach her once she had called for him. The woman refuses his advances unless he can prove that he was not sent by the devil to lead her astray. Muldumarec says that he is a Christian, and as proof of such, he assumes the woman's shape and receives the Eucharist.

text: When the rich lord is away, the knight arrives by the window, in the same way he first appeared. The woman glows with her newfound love. The other people of the household become suspicious of her renewed beauty and put her under discreet surveillance. When the jealous husband learns of the shapechanging knight, he surrounds the window with iron spikes. The next time the knight arrives, he is mortally wounded. He tells the woman that their unborn child, whom she is to name "Yonec", will grow up to avenge their deaths. The knight flies away, and the woman hurls herself from the window and follows a trail of blood to a city made of silver. After passing through a succession of rooms, she eventually finds the knight on his deathbed. He gives her a magic ring that will make her husband forget about her infidelity. He also gives her his sword. As the woman flees the city, she hears the bells tolling for her lover's death.

text: As prophesied, the lady gives birth to a child, and names him "Yonec". When the child is grown, the husband, the lady, and Yonec travel to an abbey, where they see a beautiful tomb. They ask the abbot about the tomb, who explains that this is the tomb of Muldumarec. At this time, Yonec's mother tells him of his true parentage, and gives him his father's sword. She collapses and dies. Yonec kills his stepfather with the sword, thus avenging his real parents. He buries his mother alongside his father, and Yonec becomes the new lord of Caerwent.

text: Motifs[edit]

text: The motif of a lover visiting in the form of a bird draws upon a common folklore motif, as in Child ballad 270, The Earl of Mar's Daughter.[1] It also features in the Italian fairy tale The Canary Prince.[2]

text: The folklorist Alexander Hagerty Krappe (1894-1947) [3] discusses the Yonec lai in his book Balor With the Evil Eye: Studies in Celtic and French Literature (1927). Krappe believes it comes from a very ancient myth, perhaps, he suggests, going back to fertility rites at the time of the introduction of agriculture, of a woman (the earth) shut away by an old man (the old year), impregnated by another man, whose child (the new year), then kills the old man. Other versions of this myth: Gilgamesh, Osiris, Balder, Danaë, Balor in Ireland, the "May Count" in Sweden, and "it has even penetrated to Uganda, where it is told of a local chief."[4]

text: Krappe concludes, "The lay of Yonec is but a Christian and courtly version of the Irish myth of Balor in the form in which it was still current in Ireland at the time of the Norman conquest. But it was adapted to the civilisation of Mediaeval France and England and at the same time contaminated with the Märchen of the Jealous Stepmother."

text: Yonec has been compared to the lai of Tydorel because both include noblewoman who is visited and impregnated by a supernatural fairy-knight who then names the child.


document_title: Seed of Chucky

question_text: who does the voice of chucky in seed of chucky

text: Seed of Chucky

text: Plot[edit]

text: Six years after the previous film, Glen, the kind and gentle son of Chucky and Tiffany, has a nightmare in which he murders a little girl's parents. In reality, he is living a life of embarrassment and abuse as a ventriloquist's dummy. After being forced to perform and locked inside a cage, Glen sees Chucky and Tiffany on television and discovers that he is their son.

text: Desperate to know his parents, Glen manages to escape his abusive owner and tracks Chucky and Tiffany to Hollywood. He finds himself in the prop room of Jennifer Tilly's horror film, which includes the Chucky and Tiffany dolls. Glen uses a voodoo amulet to bring them back to life. Chucky faints when he learns that Glen is his son, but Tiffany is overjoyed and hugs her child. When a puppeteer starts taking Tiffany apart, she and Chucky decapitate him with a piano wire. Jennifer finds the beheaded body and calls the police. Chucky, Tiffany, and Glen ride home with her in a limousine.

text: Having witnessed his parents kill the puppeteer, Glen asks them why they murder other people, as he feels violence is bad. Chucky replies that it helps them to relax. On the other hand, Tiffany, feeling parental responsibility, agrees with Glen and forces Chucky to agree to stop killing people for the sake of their son. Chucky promises to do so, but crosses his fingers behind his back in hopes of getting Tiffany to shut up.

text: Jennifer tries to get a role as the Virgin Mary in Redman's directorial debut, and after he tells her she is not right for the part, she invites him to her house. Chucky and Tiffany make plans to transfer their souls into Redman and Jennifer. As Jennifer and Redman start to make love, Tiffany knocks them out and uses a turkey baster to inseminate Jennifer with Chucky's semen.

text: Chucky takes Glen on a car ride. After driving Britney Spears' car off the road, killing her, they proceed to photographer Pete Peters' darkroom. Peters had taken pictures of Tilly kissing Redman and of Chucky masturbating. When Glen tries to warn Peters that Chucky is about to attack, Peters bump into a shelf, causing a jar of sulphuric acid to fall into his head, accidentally killing him. Chucky, overjoyed with pride, believes Glen did this on purpose and takes a picture to celebrate, much to the dismay of both Glen and Tiffany.

text: Jennifer awakens the following morning, realizes that she is pregnant, and claims Redman is responsible. When he denies this, Tiffany kills him in anger. The next day, Jennifer wakes up only to find herself with a full pregnant belly, a consequence of the voodoo magic. Chucky attacks and captures Jennifer during a phone call. Her chauffeur, Stan, serving as Chucky's replacement body due to Redman's death, is also captured. Jennifer's assistant Joan tries to help her, but she is killed by Glen's murderous twin sister, Glenda, whose soul shares Glen's body. Tiffany discovers this and smacks Glenda to bring back Glen, who is horrified at what has happened.

text: After Jennifer gives birth to twins, a boy and a girl, Chucky has an epiphany: after years as an infamous killer doll, he finally accepts his circumstances. Disgusted, Tiffany rejects Chucky and decides to take Glen with her. Enraged, Chucky throws a knife at Jennifer to stop Tiffany transferring her soul into her body and leaving him, but Stan jumps in to save her and is mortally wounded. The police arrive, forcing the dolls to flee. Jennifer is rushed to the hospital, but claims she wants to see her babies. Tiffany drugs Jennifer and begins to possess her, but Chucky breaks in and kills Tiffany with an ax. Before Tiffany dies, she tells Glen not to make the same mistakes she and Chucky have. Devastated by his mother's death, Glen snaps and challenges Chucky to a fight. Jennifer throws Chucky's ax to Glen, and Glen impales Chucky. Chucky assumes it's Glenda again, but Glen reveals it is actually him, finally able to kill in revenge for his mother's death. He dismembers Chucky and suffers an emotional breakdown.

text: Five years later, at a birthday party for Jennifer's children Glen and Glenda, a nanny quits her job because Jennifer's daughter Glenda scares her. Jennifer lets the nanny quit, only to kill her when she turns away. Jennifer's eyes glow green, revealing that Tiffany was successful in transferring her soul. Glen has one more birthday present to open. When he does so, Chucky's severed arm springs up to grab him, and his infamous laugh is heard as the screen fades to black.

text: Cast[edit]

text:
Brad Dourif as the voice of Chucky[5]
Jennifer Tilly as herself / the voice of Tiffany[5]
Billy Boyd as the voice of Glen[6]

Beans El-Balawi as Human Glen[5]
Kristina Hewitt as Human Glenda[5]

Redman as himself[5]
Hannah Spearritt as Joan[5]
John Waters as Pete Peters[5]
Jason Flemyng as himself / Santa[5]
Steve Lawton as Stan[5]
Tony Gardner as himself[5]
Rebecca Santos as Fulvia
Keith-Lee Castle as Bill “Psychs” Sykes[5]
Paul Grossman as Little Boy[5]
Simon James Morgan as Claudia's dad
Stephanie Chambers as Claudia's mom[5]
Betty Simons-Denville as Claudia

text: Production[edit]

text: Seed of Chucky was filmed almost entirely in Romania.[3] All of the animatronic and makeup effects were the handiwork of Effects Designer Tony Gardner and his company Alterian, Inc.[7]

text: Release and reception[edit]

text: Box office[edit]

text: Seed of Chucky opened at #4 with $8,774,520 on November 12–14, 2004. When the film closed on December 23, 2004, the domestic gross was $17,083,732 and $24,829,644 worldwide.[8]

text: In Australia, Seed of Chucky opened at #8 with $260,958 for the week of February 6–8, 2005 behind Million Dollar Baby (#2) and Sky Captain and the World of Tomorrow (#6). In Australia, Seed of Chucky was distributed by United International Pictures.

text: In France, Seed of Chucky opened at #11 with $694,948 for the week of March 2–8, 2005. It opened behind Le Couperet (#2) and the remake of Assault of Precinct 13 (#4). In France, Seed of Chucky was distributed by SND Distribution.

text: In the United Kingdom, Seed of Chucky opened at #10 with $202,022 for the week of May 13–15, 2005. It opened behind Monster-in-Law (#2), The Jacket (#8), and A Good Woman (#9). In the United Kingdom, Seed of Chucky was distributed by Momentum Pictures.

text: Critical reception[edit]

text: On Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds a Rotten 32% rating based on 75 reviews, with 23 fresh ratings. On Metacritic, it has an average score of 46, indicating mixed to average reviews. Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "C+" on an A+ to F scale.[9]

text: Roger Ebert gave the film two stars out of four stating, "Seed of Chucky is actually two movies, one wretched, the other funny."[10]

text: Awards[edit]

text:
List of awards and nominations

Award
Category
Winner/Nominee
Result

Fangoria Chainsaw Awards
Best Actress
Jennifer Tilly
Nominated

Best Score
Pino Donaggio
Nominated

MTV Movie Awards
Best Frightened Performance
Jennifer Tilly
Nominated

Sitges - Catalan International Film Festival
Best Film
Don Mancini
Nominated

World Stunt Awards
Best Fire Stunt
Heather Phillips
Nominated

Best Overall Stunt by a Stunt Woman
Heather Phillips
Nominated

text: Sequels[edit]

text: The film was followed by Curse of Chucky in 2013 and Cult of Chucky in 2017.[11]


document_title: Hawaii Five-O (1968 TV series)

question_text: who wrote the theme song to hawaii 5-0

question_tokens: who wrote the theme song to hawaii 5-0

text: Hawaii Five-O (1968 TV series)

text: Overview[edit]

text: The CBS television network produced Hawaii Five-O, which aired from September 20, 1968, to April 5, 1980. The program continues to be broadcast in syndication worldwide. Created by Leonard Freeman, Hawaii Five-O was shot on location in Honolulu, Hawaii, and throughout the island of Oahu and other Hawaiian islands with occasional filming in locales such as Los Angeles, Singapore, and Hong Kong.

text: The show centers on a fictional state police force led by former US naval officer Steve McGarrett (played by Jack Lord), a detective captain, who is appointed by the Governor, Paul Jameson. In the show, McGarrett oversees state police officers – the young Danny Williams, veteran Chin Ho Kelly, and streetwise Kono Kalakaua for seasons one through four. Honolulu Police Department Officer Duke Lukela joined the team as a regular, as did Ben Kokua, who replaced Kono beginning with season five. Occasionally, McGarrett's Five-O team is assisted by other officers as needed: Douglas Mossman as Det. Frank Kamana, P.O. Sandi Wells (Amanda McBroom), medical examiner Doc Bergman (Al Eben), forensic specialist Che Fong (Harry Endo), and a secretary. The first secretary was May, then Jenny, and later Malia, Lani and Luana.[4]

text: The Five-O team consists of three to five members (small for a real state police unit), and is portrayed as occupying a suite of offices in the Iolani Palace.[5] Five-O lacks its own radio network, necessitating frequent requests by McGarrett to the Honolulu Police Department dispatchers.

text: For 12 seasons, McGarrett and his team hounded international secret agents, criminals, and organized crime syndicates plaguing the Hawaiian Islands. With the aid of District Attorney and later Hawaii's Attorney General John Manicote, McGarrett is successful in sending most of his enemies to prison. One such crime syndicate was led by crime family patriarch Honore Vashon, a character introduced in the fifth season. Other criminals and organized crime bosses on the islands were played by actors such as Ricardo Montalbán, Gavin MacLeod, and Ross Martin as Tony Alika.

text: By the 12th and final season, series regular James MacArthur had left the show (in 1996, he admitted that he had become tired of the role and wanted to do other things), as had Kam Fong. Unlike other characters before him, Fong's character, Chin Ho, at Fong's request, was killed off, murdered while working undercover to expose a protection ring in Chinatown in the last episode of season 10. New characters Jim 'Kimo' Carew (William Smith), Lori Wilson (Sharon Farrell), and Truck (Moe Keale) were introduced in season 12 alongside returning regular character Duke Lukela.[4]

text: Most episodes of Hawaii Five-O ended with the arrest of criminals and McGarrett snapping, "Book 'em." The offense occasionally was added after this phrase, for example, "Book 'em, murder one." In many episodes, this was directed to Danny Williams and became McGarrett's catchphrase: "Book 'em, Danno." [6]

text: McGarrett's tousled yet immaculate hairstyle, as well as his proclivity for wearing a dark suit and tie on all possible occasions (uncommon in the islands), rapidly entered popular culture. While the other members of Five-O "dressed mainland" much of the time, they also often wore local styles, such as the ubiquitous Aloha shirt.

text: In many episodes (including the pilot), McGarrett is drawn into the world of international espionage and national intelligence. McGarrett's nemesis is a rogue intelligence officer of the People's Republic of China named Wo Fat.  The communist rogue agent was played by veteran actor Khigh Dhiegh. In the show's final episode in 1980, titled "Woe to Wo Fat", McGarrett finally sees his foe go to jail.[5]

text: Unlike the reboot the show's action and straightforward storytelling left little time for personal stories involving wives or girlfriends,[6] though a two-part story in the first season dealt with the loss of McGarrett's sister's baby. Occasionally, a show would flash back to McGarrett's younger years or to a romantic figure.

text: In the episode "Number One with a Bullet, Part 2", McGarrett tells a criminal, "It was a bastard like you who killed my father." His 42-year-old father had been run down and killed by someone who had just held up a supermarket. Because Steve McGarrett is also a commander in the Naval Reserve, he sometimes uses their resources to help investigate and solve crimes. Hence the closing credits of some episodes mentioned the Naval Reserve.[7]  A 1975 episode involving Danno's aunt, played by MacArthur's adoptive mother Helen Hayes, provided a bit of Williams' back story.

text: Creation of the show[edit]

text: Sources differ on how the show came to be.  Producer Leonard Freeman moved to Hawaii to recuperate after suffering a heart attack.  One source states the idea for the show may have come from a conversation Freeman had with Hawaii's then-Governor John A. Burns.[8][9]  Another source instead claims that Freeman wanted to set a show in San Pedro, Los Angeles, California until his friend Richard Boone convinced him to shoot it entirely in Hawaii.[10] A third source claims Freeman discussed the show with Governor Burns only after pitching the idea to CBS.[11]  Before settling on the name "Hawaii Five-O", Freeman considered titling the show "The Man".[8]

text: Casting[edit]

text: Freeman offered Richard Boone the part of McGarrett, but Boone turned it down;[10] Gregory Peck[11] and Robert Brown[12] were also considered.  Ultimately, Jack Lord – then living in Beverly Hills – was asked at the last moment. Lord read for the part on a Wednesday, was cast, and flew to Hawaii two days later. On the following Monday, Lord was in front of the cameras. Freeman and Lord had worked together previously on an unsold TV pilot called Grand Hotel.[11]

text: Tim O'Kelly originated the role of Danny Williams in the pilot episode, "Cocoon." Test audiences apparently weren't positive on O'Kelly, however, and the producers replaced him with James MacArthur.

text: Kam Fong Chun, an 18-year veteran of the Honolulu Police Department, auditioned for the part of the lead villain Wo Fat, but Freeman cast him in the part of Chin Ho Kelly instead. Freeman took the name Wo Fat from a restaurant in downtown Honolulu. The name Chin Ho came from Chinn Ho, the owner of the Ilikai Hotel where the penthouse shot of Steve McGarrett in the opening title sequence was taken.[13] Richard Denning, who played the governor, had retired to Hawaii and came out of retirement for the show. Zulu was a Waikiki beach boy and local DJ when he was cast for the part of Kono, which he played for the next four years.

text: Characters[edit]

text:
Name

Portrayed by

Occupation

Seasons

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

Steve McGarrett

Jack Lord

Commander, Five-0 Task Force

Main

Danny Williams

James MacArthur

Detective Sergeant, Five-0 Task Force; Lieutenant Five-0 Task Force

Main

Chin Ho Kelly

Kam Fong

Detective, Five-0 Task Force

Main

Kono Kalakaua

Zulu

Detective, Five-0 Task Force

Main

Paul Jemeson

Richard Denning

Governor

Main

May

Maggi Parker

Secretary

Main

Jenny Sherman

Peggy Ryan

Secretary

Main

John Manicote

Glenn Cannon

Attorney General

Main

Duke Lukela

Herman Wedemeyer

Sergeant, HPD; Detective, Five-0 Task Force

Main

Nick Kellog

Danny Kamekona

Sergeant, HPD; Sergeant, Five-0 Task Force

Main

Main

Ben Kokua

Al Harrington

Detective

Main

Frank Kamana

Douglas Mossman

Detective

Main

Sandi Wells

Amanda McBroom

Officer

Main

James Carew

William Smith

Detective

Main

Lori Wilson

Sharon Farrell

Detective

Main

Truck Kealoha

Moe Keale

Detective

Main

text: Recurring[edit]

text:
Wo Fat (Khigh Dhiegh in the pilot, and occasionally throughout the series, including the final episode), Chinese intelligence agent and criminal mastermind
Che Fong (Harry Endo), the forensic specialist
Joey Lee (Brian Tochi), former gang leader turned undercover informant for McGarrett
Doc Bergman (Al Eben), the medical examiner
Lieutenant Kealoha & Lealoha (Douglas Mossman; season 1)
Jonathan Kaye (from the State Dept.) (James Gregory (pilot), Joseph Sirola; season 2–5), Robert Dixon ("To Kill or Be Killed," season 3), Tim O'Connor ("The Ninety-Second War," season 4), Bill Edwards; seasons 6–9), and Lyle Bettger; season 10)
"Doc" (full name never used) (Newell Tarrant; season 1, Robert Brilliande and Ted Thorpe; season 2), Robert Costa; season 3)
Che Fong (Danny Kamekona; seasons 1 & 2)
Luana (Laura Sode; seasons 10–12)
Attorney General Walter Stewart (Morgan White; season 1)
Mildred (Peggy Ryan; season 1)
Dr. Grant Ormsbee (Pat Hingle; seasons 8 & 9)
Dr. Bishop (Jean Tarrant (1920 -2010), criminal psychologist; season 6). She also guest starred in two non-recurring character rolls, one in season 8 and one in season 9.

text: Pilot cast[edit]

text:
Daniel "Danno" Williams, Detective Sgt. - Tim O'Kelly
Paul Jameson, Governor - Lew Ayres
May, secretary - Mitzi Hoag

text: Production[edit]

text: The first season was shot in a rusty military Quonset hut in Pearl City, which the various cast members quickly nicknamed "Mongoose Manor".[14] The roof tended to leak, and rats would often gnaw at the cables. The show then moved to a Fort Ruger location for seasons two to eight. A third studio was built at Diamond Head, and was used during the last four seasons.

text: A problem from the beginning was the lack of a movie industry in Hawaii. Much of the crew and cast, including many locals who ended up participating in the show, had to learn their respective jobs as they went along. Jack Lord was known as a perfectionist who insisted on the best from everyone.[15] His temper flared when he felt that others did not give their best, but in later reunions they admitted that Lord's hard-driving force had made them better actors and made Hawaii Five-O a better show. Lord's high standards helped the show last another six years after Leonard Freeman's death from heart trouble during the sixth season.[15]

text: To critics and viewers, there was no question that Jack Lord was the center of the show, and that the other actors frequently served as little more than props, standing and watching while McGarrett emoted and paced around his office, analyzing the crime. But occasionally episodes would focus on the other actors, and let them showcase their own talents, such as Danno defusing bombs in "The Clock Struck Twelve". Since Jack Lord had a financial interest in the show, he referred to other regular cast actors in the program as a "with", as in "With James MacArthur"; they were never called "co-stars".[16]

text: Very few episodes were shot outside of Hawaii. At least two episodes were shot in Los Angeles, one in Hong Kong, and one in Singapore.

text: Credits[edit]

text: The opening title sequence was created by television director Reza S. Badiyi. Early shows began with a cold open suggesting the sinister plot for that episode, then cut to a shot of a big ocean wave and the start of the theme song.[6][17][18] A fast zoom-in to the top balcony of the Ilikai Hotel followed,[13] showing McGarrett turning to face the camera, followed by many quick-cuts and freeze-frames of Hawaiian scenery, and Hawaiian-Chinese-Caucasian model Elizabeth Malamalamaokalani Logue turning to face the camera.[19]  A grass-skirted hula dancer from the pilot episode was also included, played by Helen Kuoha-Torco, who later became a professor of business technology at Windward Community College.[20]  The opening scene ended with shots of the supporting players, and the flashing blue light of a police motorcycle racing through a Honolulu street.

text: At the conclusion of each episode, Jack Lord narrated a promo for the next episode, often emphasizing the "guest villain", especially if the villain is a recurring character, such as that played by actor Hume Cronyn.  The line he spoke was, "This is Jack Lord inviting you to be with us next week for <name of episode>" and then, "Be here. Aloha." The promos were removed from the syndicated episodes but most have been restored in DVD releases from the second season through the ninth. Most of the promos are slightly edited to remove references to "next week".

text: This tradition has been continued in the 2010 version of Hawaii Five-0, but is not limited to Alex O'Loughlin.  All of the primary cast members take turns with the iconic "Be here. Aloha" line at the end of the preview segment.

text: There were two versions of the closing credits portion of the show. During the first season, the theme music was played over a short film of a flashing blue light attached to the rear of a police motorcycle in Waikiki heading west (the film is shown at twice the normal speed, as can be seen from people crossing a street behind the police motorcycle).[21] In later seasons, the same music was played over film of outrigger canoeists battling the surf.

text: In a 2010 issue of TV Guide, the show's opening title sequence ranked No. 4 on a list of TV's top 10 credits sequences, as selected by readers.[22]

text: Legacy[edit]

text: The show was the longest-running crime show on American television until Law & Order surpassed it in 2003, and was the first to enjoy an uninterrupted run that exceeded a decade (it has since been joined in that distinction by several other series including Law & Order: Special Victims Unit, CSI: Crime Scene Investigation and NCIS).

text: When the show premiered in 1968 Hawaii had been a state for only 9 years and was relatively obscure to Americans who had never served in the Pacific Theater, but as a geographic part of Polynesia it had an exotic image.

text: Known for the location, theme song, and ensemble cast, Hawaii Five-O contains a heavy use of exterior location shooting throughout the entire 12 seasons.  A typical episode, on average, would have at least two-thirds of all footage shot on location, as opposed to a "typical" show of the time which would be shot largely on sound stages and backlots. It is also remembered for its unusual setting during an era when most crime dramas of the era were set in or around the Los Angeles or New York City areas.

text: The Hawaii-based television show Magnum, P.I. was created after Hawaii Five-O ended its run, in order to make further use of the expensive production facilities created there for Five-O. The first few Magnum P.I. episodes made direct references to Five-O, suggesting that it takes place in the same fictional setting. Magnum's producers made a few attempts to coax Jack Lord out of retirement for a cameo appearance, but he refused.[5]

text: Many local people were cast in the show, which was ethnically diverse by the standards of the late 1960s.[6] The first run and syndication were seen by an estimated 400 million people around the world.

text: "Bored, She Hung Herself", the 16th episode of the second season, depicted a Five-O investigation into the apparent suicide of a woman by hanging, which she was supposedly practicing as part of a health regimen.[23] A viewer reportedly died trying the same technique, and as a result, the episode was not rebroadcast, was never included in any syndication packages, and has not been included on any DVD release of the show to date.[24][25]  The family of the person who died in the real-life hanging sued CBS over the episode.[26]

text: Remake projects[edit]

text: A one-hour pilot for a new series was made in 1996 but never aired. Produced and written by Stephen J. Cannell, it starred Gary Busey and Russell Wong as the new Five-O team. James MacArthur returned as Dan Williams, having become governor of Hawaii.[27] Several cameos were made by other Five-O regulars, including Kam Fong as Chin Ho Kelly[28] (even though the character had been killed off at the end of Season 10).[citation needed]

text: The one-hour pilot for a revived show, called Hawaii Five-0 (the last character is a zero instead of the letter "O", which is the true title of the original series as well), aired September 20, 2010, on CBS, and as of October 2013, the series now airs Friday nights at 9 PM Eastern, 8 PM Central time.[citation needed] The remake version Hawaii Five-0 uses the same principal character names as the original, and the new Steve McGarrett's late father's vintage 1974 Mercury Marquis is the actual specimen driven by Lord in the original series's final seasons.  The new series opening credit sequence is an homage to the original; the theme song is cut in half, from 60 to 30 seconds, but is an otherwise identical instrumentation. Most of the iconic shots are replicated, beginning with the helicopter approach and close-up turn of McGarrett at the Ilikai Hotel penthouse, the jet engine nacelle, a hula dancer's hips, the quickly stepped zoom-in to the face of the Lady Columbia statue at Punchbowl, the close-up of the Kamehameha Statue's face, and the ending with a police motorcycle's flashing blue light. Starting with the Season 7 many of the clips that were part of the original opening were removed and more action shots of the cast were included. On the March 19, 2012 episode, Ed Asner reprised his role as "August March", a character he first played in a 1975 episode. Clips from the 1975 episode were included in the new one, even though the 2010 series is intended to be in a different narrative universe than the Jack Lord series.

text: Theme music[edit]

text: Another legacy of the show is the popularity of the Hawaii Five-O theme music. The tune was composed by Morton Stevens, who also composed numerous episode scores performed by the CBS Orchestra. The theme was later recorded by the Ventures, whose version reached No. 4 on the Billboard Hot 100 pop chart,[6] and is particularly popular with college and high school marching bands, especially at the University of Hawaii where it has become the unofficial fight song. The tune has also been heard at Robertson Stadium after Houston Dynamo goals scored by Brian Ching, a native of Hawaii.  Because of the tempo of the music, the theme gained popularity in the UK with followers of Northern soul and was popular on dance floors in the 1970s.[29]

text: Although the theme is most widely known as an instrumental, it has been released with at least two similar but different sets of lyrics. The first, "You Can Come with Me" by Don Ho, opens with an instrumental in the familiar tempo, then settles into a ballad style for the sung portion.[30]  The second, by Sammy Davis, Jr., titled "You Can Count on Me (Theme from Hawaii Five-O)", maintains the driving style of the original instrumental throughout.[31]

text: Australian proto-punk band Radio Birdman borrowed heavily from the program and its theme for their 1977 single "Aloha, Steve & Danno", later included on selected versions of the album Radios Appear.  Band leader Deniz Tek, who grew up in Ann Arbor, Michigan during the heyday of MC5 and The Stooges, commented that he found Sydney of the early 1970s to be a rather quiet and staid place in comparison, and that airings of the program were a weekly highlight.  The song was written after the band members realized they were spending a lot of evenings watching the program.  The lyrics of the song's verses consist entirely of references to story lines of the early episodes.  The chorus alludes to the boredom which band members experienced when the program wasn't on.  The song's guitar solos and other elements of the music were directly derivative of the program's theme; Stevens received a writing credit on the song as a result.

text: In the Australian movie The Dish, the theme was mistaken for the national anthem of the US by a local band upon the visit of the US Ambassador to Parkes, NSW, to commemorate the 1969 Moon landing.

text: Bill Murray sang his own made-up lyrics to the song on one of his "Nick the Lounge Singer" skits on Saturday Night Live.

text: On the 1997 Bill Nye the Science Guy episode "Volcanoes", the MIDI version of "Hawaii Five-O" was used during the "Pahoehoe Five-O" segments.

text: The song  was also featured in the film 50 First Dates (2004), and the Sammy Davis Jr. version of the theme song was re-recorded by Los Straitjackets with Deke Dickerson and released in 2014.

text: Darts player Wayne Mardle used the song as his walk-on song in 2013.[32]

text: Slang term for police[edit]

text: The phrase "Five-O" (or any variation, such as "5–0", "5-o", and "five O", all usually pronounced "five oh") has come to refer to the police in the United States.[33]

text: Episodes[edit]

text: Jump up ^ Tied with 60 Minutes

tag: ol

text: Broadcast history[edit]

text:
September 1968 – December 1968: Thursdays at 8:00 p.m.
December 1968 – March 1971: Wednesdays at 10:00 p.m.
September 1971 – February 1974: Tuesdays at 8:30 p.m.
September 1974 – March 1975: Tuesdays at 9:00 p.m.
September 1975 – November 1975: Fridays at 9:00 p.m.
December 1975 – November 1979: Thursdays at 9:00 p.m.
December 1979 – January 1980: Tuesdays at 9:00 p.m.
March 1980 – April 1980: Saturdays at 9:00 p.m.

text: Syndication[edit]

text: Hawaii Five-O survived long enough to overlap with reruns of early episodes, which were broadcast by CBS in their late night schedule while new episodes were still being produced. Once the program entered syndication after the original run of the series, CBS broadcast reruns of season 12 in late night under the title McGarrett to avoid confusion with the episodes in syndication broadcast under the title Hawaii Five-O. MeTV began airing this series with episode 1, on August 21, 2017, in a 6 PM EDT time slot daily.

text: In the United Kingdom, the series first aired on ITV on July 19, 1970 in a Saturday evening timeslot.

text: Awards and nominations[edit]

text: Emmys[edit]

text:
Wins
1970: Outstanding Musical Composition: Morton Stevens, "A Thousand Pardons, You're Dead!"
1974: Best Music Composition – Series: Morton Stevens, "Hookman"
Nominations
1969: Outstanding Cinematography: Frank Phillips, "Up-Tight"
1969: Outstanding Musical Composition: Morton Stevens, the pilot
1971: Outstanding Film Editing: Arthur David Hilton, "Over Fifty? Steal"
1971: Outstanding Directing: Bob Sweeney, "Over Fifty?  Steal"
1972: Outstanding Cinematography: Robert L. Morrison
1973: Outstanding Drama Series: Leonard Freeman, executive producer; Bob Sweeney, supervising producer; William Finnegan, producer
1974: Best Cinematography: Robert Morrison, Jack Whitman and Bill Huffman
1974: Best Music Composition – Series: Don B. Ray, "Nightmare in Blue"
1974: Best Music Composition – Series: Bruce Broughton, "The $100,000 Nickel"
1976: Outstanding Actress, Single Performance Drama or Comedy Series: Helen Hayes, "Retire in Sunny Hawaii ... Forever"

text: Streaming media[edit]

text:
CBS Interactive had presented the entire first season of the show online via Adobe Flash streaming media.[35]
As of July 2017, almost every episode is available at CBS.com.[36]
The first 10 episodes of season 1 are available free of charge. All other episodes require a CBS All Access subscription to view.

text: Home releases[edit]

text: CBS DVD (distributed by Paramount) has released all twelve seasons on DVD in Region 1. The first eight seasons have been released in region 2 and region 4.

text: The episode "Bored, She Hung Herself" is not included in The Second Season set. The omission is mentioned on the back of the box. Only some Australian bootlegs have had the episode. Seasons 2–8 contain episode promos by Jack Lord.

text: On December 3, 2013, Paramount released Hawaii Five-O – The Complete Series on DVD in Region 1.[37]

text: On April 18, 2017, the complete series set was reissued.

text:
DVD name

Ep. No.

Release dates

Region 1

Region 2

Region 4

The First Season

24

March 6, 2007

April 16, 2007

April 12, 2007

The Second Season

24

July 31, 2007

October 29, 2007

November 8, 2007

The Third Season

24

January 22, 2008

May 5, 2008

May 15, 2008

The Fourth Season

24

June 10, 2008

September 1, 2008

November 6, 2008

The Fifth Season

24

November 18, 2008

February 9, 2009

March 5, 2009

The Sixth Season

24

April 21, 2009

September 14, 2009

December 24, 2009

The Seventh Season

24

October 20, 2009

March 22, 2010

December 24, 2009

The Eighth Season

23

March 16, 2010

TBA

TBA

The Ninth Season

23

August 3, 2010

TBA

TBA

The Tenth Season

24

December 14, 2010

TBA

TBA

The Eleventh Season

21

September 20, 2011

TBA

TBA

The Twelfth and Final Season

19

January 10, 2012

TBA

TBA

The Complete Series

278

December 3, 2013

TBA

TBA

The Complete Series

278

April 18, 2017

TBA

TBA

text: Other media[edit]

text: A soundtrack album featuring Morton Stevens' theme and incidental music from the pilot and the first two seasons was issued by Capitol Records in 1970. Unlike many albums of television music of the time, the music was taken directly from the scoring sessions rather than being specially re-recorded for album release. One of the instrumental pieces on the album, "Call to Danger", was originally recorded for the unsold 1967 pilot of the same name and also excerpted as background music accompanying a "Special Presentation" logo that CBS used to introduce its prime time television specials throughout the 1970s and 1980s. The album was re-issued on compact disc by Film Score Monthly in 2010.

text:
Hawaii Five-0 (1:32)
Call to Danger (1:48)
McGarrett's Theme (2:25)
Front Street (2:42)
The Long Wait (2:18)
Blues Trip (3:14)
The Floater (2:23)
Interlude (1:53)
Operation Smash (2:05)
Beach Trip (2:30)
Up Tight (2:05)
The Chase/Hawaii Five-0 (4:36)

text: Hawaii Five-O was the subject of six novelizations. Each one had a plot line written for the book and was not based on a television episode. The first two books were published by Signet Paperbacks in 1968 and 1969. After that were two juvenile hard covers published by Whitman publishing in 1969 and 1971 and finally two more books were published in England.[38]

text:
1960s portal
1970s portal
1980s portal


document_title: Salt-Water Poems and Ballads

question_text: who wrote the poem i must go down to the sea again

text: Salt-Water Poems and Ballads

text: "Sea-Fever"[edit]

text: "Sea-Fever" first appeared in Salt-Water Ballads – Masefield's first volume of poetry published in 1902 in London by Grant Richards.[1]

text: I must down to the seas again, to the lonely sea and the sky,

text:
And all I ask is a tall ship and a star to steer her by,
And the wheel's kick and the wind's song and the white sail's shaking,
And a grey mist on the sea's face and a grey dawn breaking.

text: In The Collected Poems of John Masefield the opening line was changed to the text now more commonly anthologised: "I must go down to the sea again, to the lonely sea and the sky". The first lines of the second and third stanzas retained the form "I must down to the seas again [...]".[2]

text: "Cargoes"[edit]

text: "Cargoes" first appeared in Ballads – Masefield's second volume of poetry, published in 1903 in London by Elkin Mathews.[3]

text: Quinquereme of Nineveh from distant Ophir

text:
Rowing home to haven in sunny Palestine,
With a cargo of ivory,
And apes and peacocks,
Sandalwood, cedarwood, and sweet white wine.[4]

text: Musical settings[edit]

text: "Sea-Fever" has been set to music by many composers, including Stephen DeCesare and Patrick Clifford on his album American Wake; the most famous version is by John Ireland. The poem has also been set, for boys' emerging voices, by Oliver Tarney and published by Oxford University Press.[5] and by Kavisha Mazzella, a Western Australia-born musician and artist.[citation needed]

text: "Trade Winds" has been set to music by Frederick Keel.[citation needed]

text: Cultural references[edit]

text: "Sea-Fever" is quoted by Willy Wonka in the 1971 film Willy Wonka and the Chocolate Factory.

text: The poem is quoted in part by Captain James T. Kirk in both the Star Trek episode "The Ultimate Computer" and the film Star Trek V: The Final Frontier and is also quoted in the 2004 film Sky Captain and the World of Tomorrow.


document_title: List of National Football League career passing yards leaders

question_text: what is the nfl record for passing yards

text: Players with at least 30,000 regular season career passing yards[edit]

text:
Key

^

Inducted into the Pro Football Hall of Fame

*

Denotes player who is still active in the NFL

text: Through Week 8 of 2018 season

text:
Rank

Player

Team(s) by season

Yards

1

Drew Brees*

San Diego Chargers (2001–2005) New Orleans Saints (2006–present)

72,435

2

Peyton Manning

Indianapolis Colts (1998–2011) Denver Broncos (2012–2015)

71,940

3

Brett Favre^

Atlanta Falcons (1991)Green Bay Packers (1992–2007) New York Jets (2008)Minnesota Vikings (2009–2010)

71,838

4

Tom Brady*

New England Patriots (2000–present)

68,359

5

Dan Marino^

Miami Dolphins (1983–1999)

61,361

6

Eli Manning*

New York Giants (2004–present)

54,059

7

Ben Roethlisberger*

Pittsburgh Steelers (2004–present)

53,355

8

Philip Rivers*

San Diego / Los Angeles Chargers (2004–present)

52,356

9

John Elway^

Denver Broncos (1983–1998)

51,475

10

Warren Moon^

Houston Oilers (1984–1993)Minnesota Vikings (1994–1996)Seattle Seahawks (1997–1998)Kansas City Chiefs (1999–2000)

49,325

11

Fran Tarkenton^

Minnesota Vikings (1961–1966, 1972–1978)New York Giants (1967–1971)

47,003

12

Carson Palmer

Cincinnati Bengals (2003–2010)Oakland Raiders (2011–2012)Arizona Cardinals (2013–2017)

46,247

13

Vinny Testaverde

Tampa Bay Buccaneers (1987–1992)Cleveland Browns (1993–1995)Baltimore Ravens (1996–1997)New York Jets (1998–2003, 2005)Dallas Cowboys (2004)New England Patriots (2006)Carolina Panthers (2007)

46,233

14

Drew Bledsoe

New England Patriots (1993–2001)Buffalo Bills (2002–2004)Dallas Cowboys (2005–2006)

44,611

15

Matt Ryan*

Atlanta Falcons (2008–present)

44,131

16

Dan Fouts^

San Diego Chargers (1973–1987)

43,040

17

Kerry Collins

Carolina Panthers (1995–1998)[a])New Orleans Saints (1998)New York Giants (1999–2003)Oakland Raiders (2004–2005)Tennessee Titans (2006–2010)Indianapolis Colts (2011)

40,922

18

Aaron Rodgers*

Green Bay Packers (2005–present)

40,785

19

Joe Montana^

San Francisco 49ers (1979–1992)Kansas City Chiefs (1993–1994)

40,551

20

Johnny Unitas^

Baltimore Colts (1956–1972)San Diego Chargers (1973)

40,239

21

Dave Krieg

Seattle Seahawks (1980–1991)Kansas City Chiefs (1992–1993)Detroit Lions (1994)Arizona Cardinals (1995)Chicago Bears (1996)Tennessee Oilers (1997–1998)

38,147

22

Joe Flacco*

Baltimore Ravens (2008–present)

38,039

23

Boomer Esiason

Cincinnati Bengals (1984–1992)New York Jets (1993–1995)Arizona Cardinals (1996)Cincinnati Bengals (1997)

37,920

24

Donovan McNabb

Philadelphia Eagles (1999–2009)Washington Redskins (2010)Minnesota Vikings (2011)

37,276

25

Matthew Stafford*

Detroit Lions (2009–present)

36,661

26

Matt Hasselbeck

Green Bay Packers (1998–2000)Seattle Seahawks (2001–2010)Tennessee Titans (2011–2012)Indianapolis Colts (2013–2015)

36,638

27

Jim Kelly^

Buffalo Bills (1986–1996)

35,467

28

Jay Cutler

Denver Broncos (2006–2008)Chicago Bears (2009–2016)Miami Dolphins (2017)

35,133

29

Jim Everett

Los Angeles Rams (1986–1993)New Orleans Saints (1994–1996)San Diego Chargers (1997)

34,837

30

Jim Hart

St. Louis Cardinals (1966–1983Washington Redskins 1984)

34,665

31

Steve DeBerg

San Francisco 49ers (1978–1980)Denver Broncos (1981–1983)Tampa Bay Buccaneers (1984–1987, 1992–1993[b]) Kansas City Chiefs (1988–1991)Miami Dolphins (1993)Atlanta Falcons (1998)

34,241

32

Tony Romo

Dallas Cowboys (2003–2016)

34,183

33

John Hadl

San Diego Chargers (1962–1972)Los Angeles Rams (1973–1974[c])Green Bay Packers (1974–1975)Houston Oilers (1976–1977)

33,503

34

Phil Simms

New York Giants (1979–1993)

33,462

35

Alex Smith*

San Francisco 49ers (2005–2012)Kansas City Chiefs (2013–2017)Washington Redskins (2018–present)

33,449

36

Steve Young^

Tampa Bay Buccaneers (1985–1986)San Francisco 49ers (1987–1999)

33,124

37

Troy Aikman^

Dallas Cowboys (1989–2000)

32,942

38

Ken Anderson

Cincinnati Bengals (1971–1986)

32,838

39

Kurt Warner^

St. Louis Rams (1998–2003)New York Giants (2004)Arizona Cardinals (2005–2009)

32,344

40

Sonny Jurgensen^

Philadelphia Eagles (1957–1963)Washington Redskins (1964–1974)

32,224

41

Mark Brunell

Green Bay Packers (1993–1994)Jacksonville Jaguars (1995–2003)Washington Redskins (2004–2006)New Orleans Saints (2008–2009)New York Jets (2010–2011)

32,072

42

John Brodie

San Francisco 49ers (1957–1973)

31,548

43

Steve McNair

Houston / Tennessee Oilers / Titans (1995–2005)Baltimore Ravens (2006–2007)

31,304

44

Norm Snead

Washington Redskins (1961–1963)Philadelphia Eagles (1964–1970)Minnesota Vikings (1971)New York Giants (1972–1974, 1976)San Francisco 49ers (1974–1975)

30,797

text: Note: Y. A. Tittle passed for 33,070 yards in his professional career. However, 4,731 of those yards came in the All-America Football Conference (AAFC). The NFL does not recognize statistics and records accrued in the AAFC.[1][2] As such, his career passing yards total in the NFL stands at 28,339.[3]

text: Active players with 26,000–29,999 yards[edit]

text: Through Week 8 of 2018 season; numbers in yards

text:
Ryan Fitzpatrick, 28,541
Andy Dalton, 27,636
Cam Newton, 26,720

text: Players with the most career passing yards including playoff games[edit]

text: Active players are in bold. Minimum 60K yards.

text:
1

Peyton Manning

79,279

2

Tom Brady

78,585

3

Brett Favre

77,693

4

Drew Brees

76,644

5

Dan Marino

65,871

text: Historical passing yards leaders[edit]

text: Ten players are recognised as having held the record as the NFL's career passing yardage leader.[4]  The longest record holder was Fran Tarkenton who held the record for 19 years.

text:
Reign
Player
Team(s) while leader
Career passing yards
Season(s)

1932–1942(11 years)
Arnie Herber^  [5]
Green Bay Packers
639
1932

1,295
1933

2,094
1934

2,823
1935

4,062
1936

4,746
1937

5,082
1938

6,189
1939

6,749
1940–1942

1943–1958(16 years)
Sammy Baugh^  [6]
Washington Redskins
8,379
1943

9,228
1944

10,897
1945

12,060
1946

14,998
1947

17,597
1948

19,500
1949

20,630
1950

21,734
1951

21,886
1952–1958

1959–1963(5 years)
Bobby Layne^  [7]
Pittsburgh Steelers
22,063
1959

23,877
1960

25,082
1961

26,768
1962–1963

1964–1967(4 years)
Y. A. Tittle^  [3]
New York Giants
28,339
1964–1967

1968–1975(8 years)
Johnny Unitas^  [8]
Baltimore Colts (1968–1972)San Diego Chargers (1973)
33,160
1968

35,502
1969

37,715
1970

38,657
1971

39,768
1972

40,239
1973–1975

1976–1994(19 years)
Fran Tarkenton^  [9]
Minnesota Vikings
41,801
1976

43,535
1977

47,003
1978–1994

1995–2006(12 years)
Dan Marino^  [10]
Miami Dolphins
48,841
1995

51,636
1996

55,416
1997

58,913
1998

61,361
1999–2006

2007–2014(8 years)
Brett Favre^  [11]
Green Bay Packers (2007)New York Jets (2008)Minnesota Vikings (2009–2010)
61,655
2007

65,127
2008

69,329
2009

71,838
2010–2014

2015–2017(3 years)
Peyton Manning  [12]

Denver Broncos

71,940

2015–2017

Since 2018(1 year)
Drew Brees[13]

New Orleans Saints

72,435

Since 2018


question_text: university of north dakota school of law ranking

text: Admissions[edit]

text: In 2016, the median GPA for incoming UND Law students was 3.21, while the median LSAT score was 149.[3] The School of Law received 291 applications for its J.D. program, of which 185 were accepted and 89 were enrolled.[4] In recent years, the school has increased its student diversity through partial tuition waivers for members of minority groups. In addition, the school attracts a number of international students from Canada, Norway and other countries.

text: Ranking[edit]

text: In its 2015 ranking of American law schools, U.S. News and World Report ranked UND Law 144 out of approximately 194 accredited law schools.

text: Curriculum[edit]

text: UND Law has a formal Curricular Mission Statement to guide changes to its educational program.  In 2013-14, the school reconfigured the required first-year curriculum, adding a new Professional Foundations course.

text: Building[edit]

text: In 2013, the North Dakota legislature approved $11.4 million for a major addition and renovation to the existing building.  Construction started in Summer 2014 and was completed in Fall 2015, with the dedication and ribbon-cutting taking place on October 9.[5]

text: Thormodsgard Law Library[edit]

text: The three-story Thormodsgard Law Library adjacent to the School of Law building at UND is named in honor of Olaf H. Thormodsgard, who was Dean of the University of North Dakota School of Law from 1933 to 1962.

text: The library underwent a renovation in 2003 that added mobile compact shelving.  The upgrade increased the shelf-space for the library's growing collection of legal materials (which includes a core collection of 312,000 volumes).

text: Employment[edit]

text: According to North Dakota's official 2016 ABA-required disclosures, 51.3% of the Class of 2016 obtained full-time, long-term, JD-required employment nine months after graduation.[6] North Dakota's Law School Transparency under-employment score is 31.6%, indicating the percentage of the Class of 2016 unemployed, pursuing an additional degree, or working in a non-professional, short-term, or part-time job nine months after graduation.[7]

text: Costs[edit]

text: The total cost of attendance (indicating the cost of tuition, fees, and living expenses) at North Dakota for the 2015-2016 academic year is $27,987 for residents and $41,976 for nonresidents.[8] The Law School Transparency estimated debt-financed cost of attendance for three years (2013) is $113,029 for residents and $163,484 for nonresidents.[9]

text: Notable alumni[edit]

text:
Earl Pomeroy -  (J.D. 1979), U.S. Congressman (D-ND) (1993-2011)[10]
Olger B. Burtness - (LL.B 1907), U.S. Congressman (R-ND) (1921-1933), North Dakota District Judge (1950-1960)[11]
Kermit Edward Bye - (J.D. 1962), Circuit Judge, United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit (2000–present)[12]
Ralph R. Erickson - (J.D. 1984), North Dakota District Judge (1994-2003), Chief United States District Judge for the District of North Dakota (2003–present)[13]
Daniel L. Hovland - (J.D. 1979), United States District Judge for the District of North Dakota (2003–present)[14]
Rodney S. Webb - (J.D. 1959), United States Attorney for the District of North Dakota (1981–87), United States District Judge for the District of North Dakota (1987-2009)[15]
Edward J. Devitt - (LL.B 1935), U.S. Congressmen (1947-49) (R-MN), United States District Judge for the District of Minnesota (1954-1992)[16]
James R. Carrigan - (J.D. 1953), United States District Judge for the District of Colorado (1979-1995)[17]
H.F. Gierke III - (J.D. 1966), Judge, United States Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces (1991–present), elevated to Chief Judge in 2004[citation needed]
Gerald W. VandeWalle - (J.D. 1958),  Justice of the North Dakota Supreme Court (1978–present), elevated to Chief Justice in 1993.[18]
Daniel J. Crothers - (J.D. 1979), Justice of the North Dakota Supreme Court (2005–present)[19]
Mary Muehlen Maring - (J.D. 1975), Justice of the North Dakota Supreme Court (1996– 2013)[20]
Dale V. Sandstrom - (J.D. 1975), North Dakota Public Service Commissioner (1983-1992), Justice of the North Dakota Supreme Court (1992–present)[21]
Lisa K. Fair McEvers - (J.D. 1997), Justice of the North Dakota Supreme Court (2014–present)[22]
William Langer - (LL.B 1906), Attorney General of North Dakota (1919–20), Governor of North Dakota (1933–34, 1937–39), U.S. Senator (R-ND) (1940-1959)[23]
John Moses - (LL.B. 1915), Governor of North Dakota (1939–45), U.S. Senator (D-ND) (1945)[24]
Allen I. Olson - Governor of North Dakota (1981–85)[25]
Rosanna M. Peterson - (J.D. 1991), United States District Judge for the Eastern District of Washington (2010–present)[26]
Charles Tighe - (1951), Lieutenant Governor of North Dakota (1965-1969)[27]

text: Notes[edit]

text:
^ Jump up to: a b "J.D. Enrollment By School" (PDF). American Bar Association. Retrieved January 13, 2013.

Jump up ^ "Employment Statistics".

Jump up ^ "UND Standard 509 Information Report" (PDF).

Jump up ^ "UND Standard 509 Information Report" (PDF).

Jump up ^ "Ribbon Cutting Ceremony | 10 | 2015 | Features | School of Law | UND: University of North Dakota". law.und.edu. Retrieved 2015-10-26.

Jump up ^  (PDF) https://law.und.edu/_files/docs/other/und-law-aba-employment-2016.pdf.  Missing or empty |title= (help)

Jump up ^ "North Dakota University Profile" (PDF).

Jump up ^ "Tuition and Expenses" (PDF).

Jump up ^ "Cardozo-Yeshiva University Profile".

Jump up ^ . Biographical Directory of the United States Congress http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=p000422. Retrieved 1 April 2013.  Missing or empty |title= (help)

Jump up ^ "Olger B. Burtness". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved 1 April 2013.

Jump up ^ "Kermit Edward Bye". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved 1 April 2013.

Jump up ^ "Ralph R. Erickson". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved 1 April 2013.

Jump up ^ "Daniel L. Hovland". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved 1 April 2013.

Jump up ^ "Rodney S. Webb". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved 1 April 2013.

Jump up ^ "Edward J. Devitt". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved 1 April 2013.

Jump up ^ "James R. Carrigan". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved 1 April 2013.

Jump up ^ "Gerald W. VandeWalle". North Dakota Supreme Court. Retrieved 1 April 2013.

Jump up ^ "Daniel J. Crothers". North Dakota Supreme Court. Retrieved 1 April 2013.

Jump up ^ "Mary Muehlen Maring". North Dakota Supreme Court. Retrieved 23 February 2014.

Jump up ^ "Dale V. Sandstrom". North Dakota Supreme Court. Retrieved 1 April 2013.

Jump up ^ "Lisa K. Fair McEvers". North Dakota Supreme Court. Retrieved 23 February 2014.

Jump up ^ "William Langer". Notable Names Data Base. Retrieved 1 April 2013.

Jump up ^ "John Moses". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved 1 April 2013.

Jump up ^ "Allen I. Olson". Notable Names Data Base. Retrieved 1 April 2013.

Jump up ^ "Rosanna M. Peterson". Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved 1 April 2013.

Jump up ^ Charles Tighe-obituary


document_title: Million Dollar Money Drop

question_text: when was sony walkman first sold in stores

text: Million Dollar Money Drop

text: Game format[edit]

text: A team of two people with a pre-existing relationship is presented with US$1,000,000 in $20 bills, banded in 50 bundles of $20,000 each.[5] The team must risk the entire amount on a series of seven multiple-choice questions.

text: For each question, the contestants choose one of two categories, then indicate which answer(s) they wish to risk their money on by moving the bundles of cash onto a row of trap doors, termed "drops," each of which corresponds to one answer. However, they must always keep at least one drop "clear" with no money on it. In addition, six of the seven questions have a time limit; any money that is not placed on an answer when time runs out will be lost. Once the money is in place, the drops corresponding to the wrong answers are opened, and any money placed on them falls into a chute below the stage and is lost. The contestants then continue the game with the next question, keeping the money they had placed on the right answer.

text: The seventh and final question has only two answer choices, forcing the players to put all their remaining money on one drop. If they answer correctly, they win the money; if not, they leave with nothing. In addition, if the players lose all of their money before reaching the final question, the game ends and the players leave with nothing.

text:
Question(s)
Answer
choices
Time limit

1–3
4
60 seconds

4–5
3
75 seconds

6
90 seconds

7
2
None

text: Quick Change[edit]

text: The contestants may use one "Quick Change" during the game, on any question except the seventh. This feature allows them an extra 30 seconds to distribute their cash among the trap doors. If none of the trapdoors are left open and the contestants still have the Quick Change, it will automatically be used. Contestants are not allowed to use the Quick Change on the final question because it has no time limit. The Quick Change was later implemented on the German version in early 2011.

text: Final Fact[edit]

text: For the seventh question, once the contestants have placed their money on one of the trap doors, the host reveals a piece of information about the answers. They then have 60 seconds to switch their answer or leave the money where it is.

text: Broadcast history[edit]

text: Ratings[edit]

text: For the twelve episodes aired, the average viewership was 5.03 million.[citation needed]

text: Contestant winnings[edit]

text: No one won $1,000,000, but a couple named Nathan Moore and Lana McKissack are the most successful pair, having won $300,000 on the episode that aired on Tuesday, January 18, 2011.[citation needed] Twelve contestant pairs have finished with $0 or have been eliminated from the game.[citation needed]

text: Controversies[edit]

text: On the very first episode, Gabe Okoye and Brittany Mayti lost $800,000 on a question that asked, "Which of these was sold in stores first?" The three possible answers were: Macintosh computer, Sony Walkman, and Post-it notes. Gabe placed the bulk of the team's money on the answer "Post-it notes." The correct answer was then revealed to be Sony Walkman.[6]

text: Later, viewers began to dispute the accuracy of the question because of information on the Internet that indicated Post-It Notes were "launched" or "introduced" under the name "Press 'N Peel" in four cities in 1977, based on an interview with the inventors of the Post-It Note published in the Financial Times.[7][8] On April 6, 1980, the product debuted in US stores as "Post-It Notes."[9] The Sony Walkman went on sale in Japan on July 1, 1979, and was later introduced to the US in June 1980.[10]

text: On December 21, 2010, Gawker published an article on this controversy, and the web site was later contacted by a Fox representative. Jeff Apploff, the show's executive producer, initially issued the following statement: "The integrity of the questions and answers on our show are our No. 1 priority. In this case, our research team spoke directly with 3M, and they confirmed that although they had given out free samples in test markets in 1977 and 1978, it wasn't until 1980 that Post-Its were sold in stores. Million Dollar Money Drop stands behind the answer that was revealed on the show."[11] Two days later, Apploff issued another statement: “Unfortunately the information our research department originally obtained from 3M regarding when Post-it notes were first sold was incomplete... As a result of new information we have received from 3M, we feel it is only fair to give our contestants, Gabe and Brittany, another shot to play Million Dollar Money Drop even though this question was not the deciding question in their game. The revised information regarding the Post-it is as follows: the product was originally tested for sale in four cities under the name ‘Press ‘N Peel’ in 1977, sold as ‘Post-its’ in 1979 when the rollout introduction began and sold nationwide in 1980."[12]

text: On December 28, host Kevin Pollak said, "They never had a chance to win that money. Ever. No matter what," and added, "This story is a moot point." He provided further detail when he said, "They lost everything on the next question. It's a non-story."[13]

text: On September 25, 2012, BuzzerBlog reported that the next couple to play after Gabe and Brittany, Andrew and Patricia Murray, also planned to sue Fox and Endemol because they also had a faulty question, which asked, "According to the data security firm IMPERVA, what's the most common computer password?" The choices were "PASSWORD", "123456", and "ILOVEYOU", placing the $580,000 they had left on "PASSWORD"; however, according to the show, "123456" was the correct answer. In a statement from the Murrays, "IMPERVA did not conduct its own objective survey of computer users but rather supports its assertion that 123456 is the most common password based on analysis of a hacking incident involving a website known as RockYou.com." They also concluded that had the show known that the question was pertaining to one incident, they would've, in the couple's words, "hedged their bets and played differently." They are suing for their prize money of $580,000 because of this.[14]


document_title: Remora

question_text: what is the little fish that swim with sharks

text: Remora

text: Characteristics[edit]

text: Remora front dorsal fins have evolved to enable them to adhere by suction to smooth surfaces and they spend their lives clinging to a host animal such as a whale, turtle, shark or ray. It is probably a mutualistic arrangement as the remora can move around on the host, removing ectoparasites and loose flakes of skin, while benefiting from the protection provided by the host, and the constant flow of water across its gills.[6]  Although it was initially believed that remoras fed off particulate matter from the host's meals, this has been shown a falsehood; in reality their diets are composed primarily of host feces instead.[7]

text: Habitat[edit]

text: Remoras are tropical open-ocean dwellers, but are occasionally found in temperate or coastal waters if they have attached to large fish that have wandered into these areas. In the mid-Atlantic, spawning usually takes place in June and July; in the Mediterranean, it occurs in August and September. The sucking disc begins to show when the young fish are about 1 cm (0.4 in) long. When the remora reaches about 3 cm (1.2 in), the disc is fully formed and the remora can then attach to other animals. The remora's lower jaw projects beyond the upper, and the animal lacks a swim bladder.[2]

text: Some remoras associate with specific host species. They are commonly found attached to sharks, manta rays, whales, turtles, and dugongs (hence the common names "sharksucker" and "whalesucker").  Smaller remoras also fasten onto fish such as tuna and swordfish, and some small remoras travel in the mouths or gills of large manta rays, ocean sunfish, swordfish and sailfish.

text: The relationship between a remora and its host is most often taken to be one of commensalism, specifically phoresy.

text: Physiology[edit]

text: Research into the physiology of the remora has been of significant benefit to the understanding of ventilation costs in fish.

text: Remoras, like many other fishes, have  two different modes of ventilation. Ram ventilation[8] is the process in which at higher speeds, the remora uses the force of the water moving past it to create movement of fluid in the gills. Alternatively, at lower speeds the remora will use a form of active ventilation,[8] in which the fish actively moves fluid through its gills. In order to use active ventilation, a fish must actively use energy to move the fluid; however, determining this energy cost is normally complicated due to the movement of the fish when using either method.  As a result, the remora has proved invaluable in finding this cost difference (since they will stick to a shark or tube, and hence remain stationary despite the movement or lack thereof of water). Experimental data from studies on remora found that the associated cost for active ventilation created a 3.7–5.1% increased energy consumption in order to maintain the same quantity of fluid flow the fish obtained by using ram ventilation.[9]

text: Other research into the remora's physiology came about as a result of studies across multiple taxa, or using the remora as an out-group for certain evolutionary studies. Concerning the latter case, remoras were used as an outgroup when investigating tetrodotoxin resistance in remoras, pufferfish, and related species, finding remoras (specifically Echeneis naucrates) had a resistance of 6.1–5.5×10−8 M.[10]

text: Use for fishing[edit]

text: Some cultures use remoras to catch turtles. A cord or rope is fastened to the remora's tail, and when a turtle is sighted, the fish is released from the boat; it usually heads directly for the turtle and fastens itself to the turtle's shell, and then both remora and turtle are hauled in. Smaller turtles can be pulled completely into the boat by this method, while larger ones are hauled within harpooning range. This practice has been reported throughout the Indian Ocean, especially from eastern Africa near Zanzibar and Mozambique,[11] and from northern Australia near Cape York and Torres Strait.[12][13]

text: Similar reports come from Japan and from the Americas. Some of the first records of the "fishing fish" in the Western literature come from the accounts of the second voyage of Christopher Columbus. However, Leo Wiener considers the Columbus accounts to be apocryphal: what was taken for accounts of the Americas may have been, in fact, notes Columbus derived from accounts of the East Indies, his desired destination.[14]

text: Mythology[edit]

text: In ancient times, the remora was believed to stop a ship from sailing. In Latin, remora means "delay", while the genus name Echeneis comes from Greek εχειν, echein ("to hold") and ναυς, naus ("a ship"). In a notable account by Pliny the Elder, the remora is blamed for the defeat of Mark Antony at the Battle of Actium and, indirectly, for the death of Caligula.[15] A modern version of the story is given by Jorge Luis Borges in Book of Imaginary Beings (1957).

text: Gallery[edit]

text:
Live sharksucker, Echeneis naucrates

Common remora, Remora remora

Nurse shark with remoras attending

text: Timeline[edit]