document_title: The Voice (U.S. season 13)

question_text: who advanced to top 4 on the voice

question_tokens: who advanced to top 4 on the voice

text: The Voice (U.S. season 13)

text: Coaches and hosts[edit]

text: The coach lineup changed once again for the thirteenth season. Gwen Stefani and Alicia Keys did not return as coaches. They were replaced by Miley Cyrus, who returns after a one-season hiatus, along with returning coaches Adam Levine and Blake Shelton. On May 10, 2017, NBC announced that Jennifer Hudson would join as a coach, following her success on The Voice UK. Carson Daly will return for his thirteenth season as host.[3][2]

text: This season, for the first time since season six, the Playoffs did not kick off the live rounds and voting. This season, the Top 12 have been chosen by the coaches. In previous seasons, the finalists were partially determined by viewers’ votes.[4][5]

text: This season's Battle advisors are: Joe Jonas for Team Adam, Billy Ray Cyrus for Team Miley, Kelly Rowland for Team Jennifer, Rascal Flatts for Team Blake. Kelly Clarkson will serve as a key advisor for all teams.

text: Teams[edit]

text: Color key

text:
Winner
     Runner-up
     Third place
     Fourth place
     Eliminated in the Live Shows

     Eliminated in the Playoffs
     Selected by another coach as their Coach Comeback
     Stolen in the Knockout rounds
     Eliminated in the Knockout rounds
     Stolen in the Battle rounds
     Eliminated in the Battle rounds

text:
Coaches
Top 48 artists

Adam Levine

Addison Agen
Adam Cunningham
Jon Mero
Emily Luther
Whitney Fenimore
Anthony Alexander

Hannah Mrozak
Adam Pearce
Dennis Drummond
Dylan Gerard
Whitney Fenimore
Michael Kight

Gary Carpentier
Brandon Brown
Dave Crosby
Brandon Showell

Miley Cyrus

Brooke Simpson
Ashland Craft
Janice Freeman
Moriah Formica
Adam Pearce
Karli Webster

Whitney Fenimore
Chloe Kohanski
Stephan Marcellus
Addison Agen
Katrina Rose
Megan Rose

Sophia Bollman
Shilo Gold
Ilianna Viramontes

Jennifer Hudson

Noah Mac
Davon Fleming
Shi'Ann Jones
Lucas Holliday
Hannah Mrozak
Chris Weaver

Jeremiah Miller
Katrina Rose
Eric Lyn
Kathrina Feigh
Stephan Marcellus
Meagan McNeal

Maharasyi
Alexandra Joyce
Ignatious Carmouche

Blake Shelton

Chloe Kohanski
Red Marlow
Keisha Renee
Mitchell Lee
Natalie Stovall
Esera Tuaolo

Adam Cunningham
Anna Catherine DeHart
Megan Rose
Kathrina Feigh
Noah Mac
Dennis Drummond

Rebecca Brunner
Ryan Scripps
Kristi Hoopes

Note: Italicized names are stolen contestants (names struck through within former teams). Bolded names are contestants who received the Coach Comeback and advanced to the Playoffs.

text: Blind auditions[edit]

text:
✔
Coach pressed "I WANT YOU" button

Artist defaulted to a coach's team

Artist elected to pick a coach's team

Artist eliminated with no coach pressing their button

text: Episode 1 (September 25)[edit]

text:
Order
Artist
Age
Hometown
Song
Coach's and artist's choices

Adam
Miley
Jennifer
Blake

1
Chris Weaver
29
Long Island, New York
"Try a Little Tenderness"
✔
✔
✔
✔

2
Mitchell Lee
29
Charleston, South Carolina
"Hold My Hand"
✔
—
✔
✔

3
Janice Freeman
32
Compton, California
"Radioactive"
—
✔
✔
—

4
Xaris
17
Gulf Breeze, Florida
"Don't Think Twice, It's All Right"
—
—
—
—

5
Shi'Ann Jones
15
Bowling Green, Kentucky
"Drown in My Own Tears"
—
—
✔
✔

6
Dave Crosby
30
Seattle, Washington
"I Will Follow You into the Dark"
✔
✔
—
✔

7
Odiseas Georgiadis
20
Brooklyn, New York
"Papa's Got a Brand New Bag"
—
—
—
—

8
Esera Tuaolo
49
Minneapolis, Minnesota
"Rise Up"
—
—
✔
✔

9
Brandon Showell
26
Virginia Beach, Virginia
"There's Nothing Holdin' Me Back"
✔
✔
✔
—

10
Lucas Holliday
26
Lansing, Michigan
"This Woman's Work"
—
—
✔
—

11
Brooke Simpson
26
Hollister, North Carolina
"Stone Cold"
✔
✔
✔
✔

text: Episode 2 (September 26)[edit]

text:
Order
Artist
Age
Hometown
Song
Coach's and artist's choices

Adam
Miley
Jennifer
Blake

1
Keisha Renee
30
Inglewood, California
"I Can't Stop Loving You"
✔
✔
✔
✔

2
Dylan Gerard
28
Macclenny, Florida
"Say You Won't Let Go"
✔
—
✔
—

3
Maharasyi
27
Indonesia  / Los Angeles, California
"Tell Me Something Good"
—
✔
✔
—

4
Marlo Wells
61
Fontana, California
"Love Me Now"
—
—
—
—

5
Red Marlow
40
Dickson, Tennessee
"Swingin'"
—
✔
—
✔

6
Ashland Craft
21
Piedmont, South Carolina
"You Are My Sunshine"
✔
✔
—
✔

text: Episode 3 (October 2)[edit]

text:
Order
Artist
Age
Hometown
Song
Coach's and artist's choices

Adam
Miley
Jennifer
Blake

1
Adam Cunningham
38
Nashville, Tennessee
"Midnight Rider"
—
—
✔
✔

2
Hannah Mrozak
18
Richfield, Wisconsin
"Starving"
✔
—
✔
✔

3
Shilo Gold
26
Denver, Colorado
"Stay with Me Baby"
—
✔
✔
—

4
Samantha Rios
16
Arlington, Virginia
"Something's Got a Hold on Me"
—
—
—
—

5
Noah Mac
17
Dublin, California
"Way Down We Go"
—
—
✔
✔

6
Davon Fleming
25
Baltimore, Maryland
"Me & Mr. Jones"
✔
✔
✔
✔

7
Kathrina Feigh
24
Quezon City, Philippines  / New York City, New York
"Big White Room"
—
—
✔
✔

8
Alexandra Joyce
16
Strongsville, Ohio
"Wildest Dreams"
✔
—
✔
✔

9
Eric Lyn
26
Los Angeles, California
"O-o-h Child"
—
—
✔
—

10
Anna Catherine DeHart
23
Sikeston, Missouri
"I Could Use a Love Song"
✔
—
—
✔

11
Addison Agen
16
Fort Wayne, Indiana
"Jolene"
✔
✔
—
—

12
Adam Pearce
31
New Orleans, Louisiana
"Hot Blooded"
✔
✔
—
—

13
Myles Frost
17
Washington, D.C.
"My Cherie Amour"
—
—
—
—

14
Moriah Formica
16
Latham, New York
"Crazy on You"
✔
✔
✔
✔

text: Episode 4 (October 3)[edit]

text:
Order
Artist
Age
Hometown
Song
Coach's and artist's choices

Adam
Miley
Jennifer
Blake

1
Anthony Alexander
17
Fontana, California
"Redbone"
✔
✔
✔
—

2
Sophia Bollman
18
Norco, California
"Invincible"
—
✔
—
✔

3
Jessica Rowboat
28
New Delhi, India  / Queens, New York
"Imagine"
—
—
—
—

4
Karli Webster
20
Fort Worth, Texas
"You're So Vain"
✔
✔
—
—

5
Stephan Marcellus
26
Englewood, New Jersey
"Take Me to Church"
—
—
✔

6
Emily Luther
24
Woonsocket, Rhode Island
"Summertime"
✔
—
✔
✔

text: Episode 5 (October 9)[edit]

text:
Order
Artist
Age
Hometown
Song
Coach's and artist's choices

Adam
Miley
Jennifer
Blake

1
Chloe Kohanski
23
Mount Juliet, Tennessee
"The Chain"
—
✔
✔
✔

2
Olivia Kay
13
Edmond, Oklahoma
"Ghost"
—
—
—
—

3
Dennis Drummond
27
Nashville, Tennessee
"She Talks to Angels"
✔
—
—
✔

4
Ignatious Carmouche
23
Opelousas, Louisiana
"Latch"
—
—
✔
✔

5
Rebecca Brunner
22
Mason, Michigan
"Believer"
—
—
—
✔

6
Brandon Brown
19
The Bronx, New York
"Georgia on My Mind"
✔
—
✔
✔

7
Nathan Graham
27
Chicago, Illinois
"Nobody to Blame"
—
—
—
—

8
Whitney Fenimore
28
Tulsa, Oklahoma
"Hold On, We're Going Home"
✔
✔
—
—

9
Ilianna Viramontes
18
Brentwood, California
"New Soul"
—
✔
—
✔

10
Katrina Rose
34
Astoria, Queens, New York
"Kozmic Blues"
—
✔
—
—

11
Natalie Stovall
35
Nashville, Tennessee
"If It Hadn't Been For Love"
—
—
—
✔

12
Ryan Scripps
24
San Jose, California
"Body Like a Back Road"
—
—
—
✔

13
Meagan McNeal
31
Chicago, Illinois
"Can't Feel My Face"
—
—
✔
—

14
Jon Mero
31
Atlanta, Georgia
"Versace on the Floor"
✔
✔
✔
✔

text: Episode 6 (October 10)[edit]

text:
Order
Artist
Age
Hometown
Song
Coach's and artist's choices

Adam
Miley
Jennifer
Blake

1
Kristi Hoopes
19
Parker, Colorado
"Heaven, Heartache and the Power of Love"
✔
—
✔
✔

2
Michael Kight
25
Dublin, Georgia
"Sugar"
✔
—
—
Team full

3
Jeremiah Miller
18
Fort Worth, Texas
"Slow Hands"
✔
—
✔

4
Serina Rae
17
Panama City Beach, Florida
"Stand By Me"
—
—
Team full

5
Austin Serrato
42
Ashville, Alabama
"Ain't No Sunshine"
—
—

6
Raycee Jones
29
Brooklyn, New York
"We Don't Have to Take Our Clothes Off"
—
—

7
Nik Singleton
28
Seattle, Washington
"Wide Open Spaces"
—
—

8
Megan Rose
20
San Francisco, California
"Ode to Billie Joe"
✔
✔

9
Gary Carpentier
26
Oswego, New York
"Home"
✔
Team full

text: The Battles[edit]

text: The Battle Rounds start on October 16. Season thirteen's advisors include: Joe Jonas for Team Adam, Billy Ray Cyrus for Team Miley, Kelly Rowland for Team Jennifer, and Rascal Flatts for Team Blake.[6] The coaches can steal two losing artists from another coach. Contestants who win their battle or are stolen by another coach will advance to the Knockout rounds.

text: Color key:

text:
Artist won the Battle and advanced to the Knockouts

Artist lost the Battle but was stolen by another coach and advanced to the Knockouts

Artist lost the Battle and was originally eliminated but received the Coach Comeback and advanced to the Playoffs

Artist lost the Battle and was eliminated

text:
Episode
Coach
Order
Winner
Song
Loser
'Steal' result

Adam
Miley
Jennifer
Blake

Episode 7
(Monday, October 16)
Jennifer Hudson
1
Lucas Holliday
"My Perogative"
Meagan McNeal
—
—
N/A
—

Miley Cyrus
2
Moriah Formica
"American Woman"
Shilo Gold
—
N/A
—
—

Blake Shelton
3
Keisha Renee
"I'm So Lonesome I Could Cry"
Noah Mac
—
—
✔
N/A

Jennifer Hudson
4
Chris Weaver
"Dangerous Woman"
Kathrina Feigh
—
—
N/A
✔

Miley Cyrus
5
Brooke Simpson
"You're a Big Girl Now"
Sophia Bollman
—
N/A
—
—

Adam Levine
6
Adam Pearce
"Stop Draggin' My Heart Around"
Whitney Fenimore
N/A
✔
—
✔

Episode 8
(Tuesday, October 17)
Jennifer Hudson
1
Davon Fleming
"I'm Your Baby Tonight"
Maharasyi
—
—
N/A
—

Adam Levine
2
Hannah Mrozak
"Cold Water"
Brandon Showell
N/A
—
—
—

3
Dylan Gerard
"Doctor My Eyes"
Dave Crosby
N/A
—
—
—

Blake Shelton
4
Esera Tuaolo
"This I Promise You"
Rebecca Brunner
—
—
—
N/A

Miley Cyrus
5
Chloe Kohanski
"I Am Woman"
Ilianna Viramontes
—
N/A
—
—

Blake Shelton
6
Mitchell Lee
"Mr. Jones"
Dennis Drummond
✔
—
—
N/A

Episode 9
(Monday, October 23)
Adam Levine
1
Jon Mero
"I Wish It Would Rain"
Brandon Brown
N/A
—
—
—

Blake Shelton
2
Red Marlow
"Fishin' in the Dark"
Ryan Scripps
—
—
—
N/A

Miley Cyrus
3
Karli Webster
"Girls Just Want to Have Fun"
Addison Agen
✔
N/A
✔
—

Blake Shelton
4
Anna Catherine DeHart
"Independence Day"
Kristi Hoopes
Team full
—
—
N/A

Jennifer Hudson
5
Jeremiah Miller
"One Call Away"
Alexandra Joyce
—
N/A
—

Adam Levine
6
Emily Luther
"Send My Love (To Your New Lover)"
Gary Carpentier
—
—
—

Jennifer Hudson
7
Shi'Ann Jones
"Oh! Darling"
Stephan Marcellus
✔
N/A
—

Adam Levine
8
Anthony Alexander
"I Feel It Coming"
Michael Kight
Team full
—
—

Miley Cyrus
9
Janice Freeman
"W.O.M.A.N"
Katrina Rose
✔
—

Episode 10
(Tuesday, October 24)
Blake Shelton
1
Adam Cunningham
"Boondocks"
Natalie Stovall
Team full
Team full
Team full
N/A

Jennifer Hudson
2
Eric Lyn
"Unaware"
Ignatious Carmouche
—

Miley Cyrus
3
Ashland Craft
"A Good Hearted Woman"
Megan Rose
✔

text: The Knockouts[edit]

text: The Knockouts round starts with episode 11. The coaches can each steal one losing artist. The top 20 contestants then move on to The Playoffs. Kelly Clarkson is the advisor to contestants from all teams in this round.

text: Color key:

text:
Artist won the Knockout and advanced to the Playoffs

Artist lost the Knockout but was stolen by another coach and advanced to the Playoffs

Artist lost the Knockout and was originally eliminated but received the Coach Comeback and advanced to the Playoffs

Artist lost the Knockout and was eliminated

text:
Episode
Coach
Order
Song
Artists
Song
'Steal' result

Winner
Loser
Adam
Miley
Jennifer
Blake

Episode 11
(Monday, October 30)
Blake Shelton
1
"Superstar"
Esera Tuaolo
Adam Cunningham
"Either Way"
✔
—
—
N/A

Jennifer Hudson
2
"Who's Lovin' You"
Shi'Ann Jones
Lucas Holliday
"Tell It Like It Is"
Team full
—
N/A
—

Adam Levine
3
"Beneath Your Beautiful"
Addison Agen
Dennis Drummond
"All Along the Watchtower"
—
—
—

Miley Cyrus
4
"I'm Goin' Down"
Janice Freeman
Karli Webster
"Blue Bayou"
N/A
—
—

Jennifer Hudson
5
"I Can Only Imagine"
Davon Fleming
Eric Lyn
"What's Going On"
—
N/A
—

Miley Cyrus
6
"Wanted Dead or Alive"
Ashland Craft
Chloe Kohanski
"Landslide"
N/A
✔
✔

Episode 12
(Tuesday, October 31)
The twelfth episode was a special one-hour episode titled "Best of the Season". The episode showed selected moments of the season so far, including the coaches, their teams, their assistant team advisors, the journey of the contestants thus far, and some previously unseen footage.

Episode 13
(Monday, November 6)
Miley Cyrus
1
"(You Make Me Feel Like) A Natural Woman"
Brooke Simpson
Stephan Marcellus
"Impossible"
Team full
N/A
—
Team full

Blake Shelton
2
"I'll Be"
Mitchell Lee
Anna Catherine DeHart
"Breathe"
—
—

Jennifer Hudson
3
"Hold Back the River"
Noah Mac
Jeremiah Miller
"Sorry"
—
N/A

Blake Shelton
4
"I Hope You Dance"
Keisha Renee
Kathrina Feigh
"Girl on Fire"
—
—

Adam Levine
5
"Blame It On the Boogie"
Jon Mero
Dylan Gerard
"Can I Be Him"
—
—

Miley Cyrus
6
"Behind These Hazel Eyes"
Moriah Formica
Whitney Fenimore1
"Calling All Angels"
N/A
—

Adam Levine
7
"Glitter in the Air"
Emily Luther
Adam Pearce
"Smoke on the Water"
✔
—

Episode 14
(Tuesday, November 7)
Jennifer Hudson
1
"I Put a Spell on You"
Chris Weaver
Katrina Rose
"Zombie"
Team full
Team full
N/A
Team full

Blake Shelton
2
"Outskirts of Heaven"
Red Marlow
Megan Rose
"Smoke Break"
—

Adam Levine
3
"Mercy"
Anthony Alexander
Hannah Mrozak
"Love on the Brain"
✔

text: 1 Whitney Fenimore is on Team Adam for the Playoffs.

text: The Playoffs[edit]

text: The Playoffs were taped on August 31 and September 1, and comprised episodes 15, 16, and 17. As in season 6, the Playoffs were prerecorded, featuring no interactive viewer voting component, and therefore no subsequent results shows. As in seasons 9, 10, and 12, four previously eliminated artists were chosen by the coaches to come back for the Playoffs. This time, they were Natalie Stovall (picked by Blake Shelton), Lucas Holliday (chosen by Jennifer Hudson), Karli Webster (joined by Miley Cyrus), and Whitney Fenimore (by Adam Levine).

text: This season is the first to have the Playoffs taped on the same stage as the Battles and the Knockouts. The top twenty-four artists performed for the coaches, with each coach choosing three artists from their teams for elimination. The remaining top twelve artists advanced to the live shows.

text: Color key:

text:
Artist was chosen by his/her coach to move on to the live shows

Artist was eliminated

text:
Episode
Coach
Order
Artist
Song
Result

Episode 15
(Monday, November 13)
Jennifer Hudson
1
Davon Fleming
"I Am Changing"
Advanced

2
Hannah Mrozak
"Learn to Let Go"
Eliminated

3
Lucas Holliday
"The Beautiful Ones"
Eliminated

4
Shi'Ann Jones
"Tattooed Heart"
Advanced

5
Chris Weaver
"California Soul"
Eliminated

6
Noah Mac
"In the Air Tonight"
Advanced

Blake Shelton
7
Red Marlow
"Chiseled in Stone"
Advanced

8
Chloe Kohanski
"Time After Time"
Advanced

9
Natalie Stovall
"Callin' Baton Rouge"
Eliminated

10
Esera Tuaolo
"How Do I Live"
Eliminated

11
Mitchell Lee
"Heaven"
Eliminated

12
Keisha Renee
"Love Can Build a Bridge"
Advanced

Episode 16
(Tuesday, November 14)
Adam Levine
1
Adam Cunningham
"Have a Little Faith in Me"
Advanced

2
Whitney Fenimore
"If It Makes You Happy"
Eliminated

3
Emily Luther
"Lovesong"
Eliminated

4
Anthony Alexander
"Perfect"
Eliminated

5
Jon Mero
"When We Were Young"
Advanced

6
Addison Agen
"Angel from Montgomery"
Advanced

Episode 17
(Wednesday, November 15)
Miley Cyrus
1
Brooke Simpson
"It's a Man's Man's Man's World"
Advanced

2
Karli Webster
"Coat of Many Colors"
Eliminated

3
Adam Pearce
"Love Hurts"
Eliminated

4
Ashland Craft
"When I Think About Cheatin'"
Advanced

5
Moriah Formica
"World Without You"
Eliminated

6
Janice Freeman
"Fall for You"
Advanced

text: Live shows[edit]

text: Color key:

text:
Artist was saved by the Public's votes

Artist was placed in the bottom two, bottom three, or middle three

Artist was saved by the Instant Save

Artist's iTunes vote multiplied by 5 (except The Finals) after his/her studio version of the song reached iTunes top 10

Artist was eliminated

text: Week 1: Top 12 (November 20 and 21)[edit]

text: The Top 12 performed on Monday, November 20, 2017, with the results following on Tuesday, November 21, 2017. The Instant Save returned once again this season, with the bottom two artists performing for a spot in the next round via the viewers' votes from Twitter.

text: Addison Agen received the first iTunes bonus multiplier of the season, with her studio recording of "She Used to Be Mine" placing (#9) on the iTunes Top 200 Singles chart at the close of the voting window.[7]

text: In addition, the show's official YouTube channel released a video starring the cast of Pitch Perfect 3 and the Top 12 singing "Freedom! '90" and "Cups".

text:
Episode
Coach
Order
Artist
Song
Result

Episode 18
(Monday, November 20)
Miley Cyrus
1
Brooke Simpson
"Praying"
Public's vote

Blake Shelton
2
Red Marlow
"The Church on Cumberland Road"
Public's vote

Jennifer Hudson
3
Shi'Ann Jones
"Vision of Love"
Public's vote

Adam Levine
4
Jon Mero
"Why I Love You"
Bottom two

Miley Cyrus
5
Ashland Craft
"Delta Dawn"
Public's vote

Adam Levine
6
Adam Cunningham
"Against All Odds (Take a Look at Me Now)"
Bottom two

Blake Shelton
7
Chloe Kohanski
"Thank You"
Public's vote

Jennifer Hudson
8
Davon Fleming
"Love On Top"
Public's vote

Adam Levine
9
Addison Agen
"She Used to Be Mine"
Public's vote

Blake Shelton
10
Keisha Renee
"Midnight Train to Georgia"
Public's vote

Jennifer Hudson
11
Noah Mac
"Speed of Sound"
Public's vote

Miley Cyrus
12
Janice Freeman
"The Story"
Public's vote

Instant Save Performances

Episode 19
(Tuesday, November 21)
Adam Levine
1
Adam Cunningham
"Fortunate Son"
Instant Save

2
Jon Mero
"I Want You Back"
Eliminated

text:
Non-competition performances

Order
Performer
Song

19.1
Jennifer Hudson and her team
(Davon Fleming, Noah Mac and Shi'Ann Jones)
"Let It Be"

19.2
Maroon 5
"What Lovers Do"

19.3
Blake Shelton and his team
(Chloe Kohanski, Keisha Renee and Red Marlow)
"If It Will, It Will"

text: Week 2: Top 11 (November 27 and 28)[edit]

text: The Top 11 performed songs chosen by the public on Monday, November 27, 2017, with the results following on Tuesday, November 28, 2017. iTunes bonus multipliers were awarded to Red Marlow (#10), Addison Agen (#2), and Chloe Kohanski (#1).[8]

text:
Episode
Coach
Order
Artist
Song
Results

Episode 20
(Monday, November 27)
Miley Cyrus
1
Janice Freeman
"Shine"
Bottom two

Blake Shelton
2
Red Marlow
"The Dance"
Public's vote

Jennifer Hudson
3
Shi’Ann Jones
"Listen"
Public's vote

Adam Levine
4
Adam Cunningham
"American Girl"
Bottom two

Miley Cyrus
5
Brooke Simpson
"What About Us"
Public's vote

Jennifer Hudson
6
Davon Fleming
"I Have Nothing"
Public's vote

Miley Cyrus
7
Ashland Craft
"Chicken Fried"
Public's vote

Adam Levine
8
Addison Agen
"A Case of You"
Public's vote

Blake Shelton
9
Keisha Renee
"It Matters to Me"
Public's vote

Jennifer Hudson
10
Noah Mac
"Electric Love"
Public's vote

Blake Shelton
11
Chloe Kohanski
"Total Eclipse of the Heart"
Public's vote

Instant Save Performances

Episode 21
(Tuesday, November 28)
Adam Levine
1
Adam Cunningham
"Amazed"
Instant Save

Miley Cyrus
2
Janice Freeman
"Chandelier"
Eliminated

text:
Non-competition performances

Order
Performer
Song

21.1
Miley Cyrus and her team
(Ashland Craft, Janice Freeman and Brooke Simpson)
"Man! I Feel Like a Woman!"

21.2
Adam Levine and his team
(Addison Agen and Adam Cunningham)
"Go Your Own Way"

21.3
Blake Shelton with Jennifer Hudson
"I'll Name the Dogs"

text: Week 3: Top 10 (December 4 and 5)[edit]

text: The Top 10 performed on Monday, December 4, 2017, with the results following on Tuesday, December 5, 2017. iTunes bonus multipliers were awarded to Keisha Renee (#10), Addison Agen (#5), Chloe Kohanski (#4), and Brooke Simpson (#2).[9]

text:
Episode
Coach
Order
Artist
Song
Results

Episode 22
(Monday, December 4)
Jennifer Hudson
1
Davon Fleming
"Hurt"
Bottom three

Adam Levine
2
Adam Cunningham
"Maybe It Was Memphis"
Public's vote

Jennifer Hudson
3
Noah Mac
"Ordinary World"
Public's vote

4
Shi'Ann Jones
"Diamonds"
Bottom three

Blake Shelton
5
Chloe Kohanski
"Call Me"
Public's vote

6
Keisha Renee
"All By Myself"
Public's vote

Miley Cyrus
7
Ashland Craft
"I Hate Myself for Loving You"
Bottom three

8
Brooke Simpson
"Amazing Grace"
Public's vote

Blake Shelton
9
Red Marlow
"That's What I Love About Sunday"
Public's vote

Adam Levine
10
Addison Agen
"Lucky"
Public's vote

Instant Save Performances

Episode 23
(Tuesday, December 5)
Miley Cyrus
1
Ashland Craft
"Tonight I Wanna Cry"
Eliminated

Jennifer Hudson
2
Shi'Ann Jones
"At Last"
Eliminated

3
Davon Fleming
"Ain't No Way"
Instant Save

text:
Non-competition performances

Order
Performer
Song

22.1
Gwen Stefani feat. Blake Shelton
"You Make It Feel Like Christmas"

23.1
Portugal. The Man
"Feel It Still"

23.2
Danielle Bradbery
"Worth It"

text: Week 4: Semifinals (December 11 and 12)[edit]

text: The Top 8 performed on Monday, December 11, 2017, with the results following on Tuesday, December 12, 2017. Like Season 12, the duets between contestants were part of the competition and public voting. In the semifinals, three artists will automatically move to next week's finale, the two artists with the least votes will be immediately eliminated and the middle three will contend for the remaining spot in the next week's finals via the Instant Save. iTunes bonuses this week awarded to Chloe Kohanski (#1), Addison Agen (#2), Chloe Kohanski and Noah Mac (Duet) (#3), Red Marlow (#5), Brooke Simpson (#6) and Noah Mac (#7). Davon Fleming’s “Gravity” was in the Top 10 earlier Tuesday, but it had fallen to #11 by the voting deadline.[10]

text: With the eliminations of Noah Mac and Davon Fleming, Jennifer Hudson no longer has any artists remaining on her team. Noah Mac was the first artist to receive two iTunes bonuses and to be eliminated during the same week.

text:
Episode
Coach
Order
Artist
Song
Results

Episode 24
(Monday, December 11)
Adam Levine
1
Adam Cunningham
"I'm Already There"
Middle three

Jennifer Hudson
2
Davon Fleming
"Gravity"
Eliminated

Blake Shelton
3
Red Marlow
"Go Rest High on That Mountain"
Middle three

4
Keisha Renee
"What Hurts the Most"
Eliminated

5
Chloe Kohanski
"I Want to Know What Love Is"
Public's vote

Jennifer Hudson
6
Noah Mac
"River"
Middle three

Adam Levine
7
Addison Agen
"Both Sides, Now"
Public's vote

Miley Cyrus
8
Brooke Simpson
"Faithfully"
Public's vote

Instant Save Performances

Episode 25
(Tuesday, December 12)
Blake Shelton
1
Red Marlow
"Dixieland Delight"
Instant Save

Adam Levine
2
Adam Cunningham
"Here's a Quarter (Call Someone Who Cares)"
Eliminated

Jennifer Hudson
3
Noah Mac
"Sign of the Times"
Eliminated

text:
Duets

Order
Performers
Song

24.2
Noah Mac and Chloe Kohanski
"Wicked Game"

24.4
Brooke Simpson and Davon Fleming
"Earned It"

24.6
Adam Cunningham and Red Marlow
"Can't You See"

24.8
Addison Agen and Keisha Renee
"Strong Enough"

text:
Non-competition performances

Order
Performer
Song

25.1
Machine Gun Kelly, X Ambassadors and Bebe Rexha
"Home"

25.2
Jennifer Hudson
"Burden Down"

25.3
Alisan Porter, Chris Mann, Mary Sarah, Matt McAndrew, Matthew Schuler, and Michael Sanchez
(giving a preview of the upcoming The Voice: Neon Dreams residency show in Las Vegas)

"It's Time"

text: Week 5: Finals (December 18 and 19)[edit]

text: The Top 4 performed on Monday, December 18, 2017, with the final results following on Tuesday, December 19, 2017. This week, the four finalists performed a solo cover song, a duet with their coach, and an original song. iTunes bonuses this week were awarded to Addison Agen (#1, #5, #10), Chloe Kohanski (#2 and #7), Brooke Simpson (#4 and #8) and Red Marlow (#3).[11]

text:
Coach
Artist
Order
Solo Song
Order
Duet Song (with Coach)
Order
Original Song
Result

Adam Levine
Addison Agen
1
"Humble and Kind"
5
"Falling Slowly"
11
"Tennessee Rain"
Runner-up

Blake Shelton
Chloe Kohanski
12
"Bette Davis Eyes"
8
"You Got It"
2
"Wish I Didn't Love You"
Winner

Blake Shelton
Red Marlow
9
"To Make You Feel My Love"
3
"I'm Gonna Miss Her"
7
"I Pray"
Fourth place

Miley Cyrus
Brooke Simpson
10
"O Holy Night"
6
"Wrecking Ball"
4
"What Is Beautiful"
Third place

text:
Non-competition performances

Order
Performer
Song

26.1
Chris Blue
"Humanity" (In promotion of NBC's Winter Olympics coverage)

27.1
Bebe Rexha, Adam Cunningham and Keisha Renee
"Meant to Be"

27.2
Charlie Puth
(with Adam Levine on a guitar)
"How Long"

27.3
Norah Jones and Addison Agen
"Don't Know Why"

27.4
Bastille and Noah Mac
"World Gone Mad"

27.5
Kelly Clarkson
"Medicine"

27.6
Chris Blue
"Blue Blood Blues"

27.7
Sia and Brooke Simpson
"Titanium"

27.8
Chris Weaver as Nedra Belle and Stephanie’s Child featuring Jessie J
"Bang Bang (My Baby Shot Me Down)"
"Bang Bang"

27.9
Billy Idol and Chloe Kohanski
"White Wedding"

27.10
Demi Lovato
"Tell Me You Love Me"

27.11
Jessie J and Davon Fleming
"Not My Ex"

27.12
Vince Gill and Red Marlow
"When I Call Your Name"

27.13
N.E.R.D.
"Lemon"

27.14
Sia
"Snowman"

text: Elimination chart[edit]

text: Overall[edit]

text:
Team Adam
     Team Miley

     Team Jennifer
     Team Blake

text:
Winner
     Runner-up
     Third place
     Fourth place

     Saved by Instant Save (via Twitter)
     Saved by his/her coach
     Saved by the public
     Eliminated

text:
Two Stages Results per week

Artist
Playoffs
Week 1
Week 2
Week 3
Week 4
Finals

Chloe Kohanski
Safe
Safe
Safe
Safe
Safe
Winner

Addison Agen
Safe
Safe
Safe
Safe
Safe
Runner-up

Brooke Simpson
Safe
Safe
Safe
Safe
Safe
3rd Place

Red Marlow
Safe
Safe
Safe
Safe
Safe
4th Place

Adam Cunningham
Safe
Safe
Safe
Safe
Eliminated
Eliminated (Week 4)

Noah Mac
Safe
Safe
Safe
Safe
Eliminated

Davon Fleming
Safe
Safe
Safe
Safe
Eliminated

Keisha Renee
Safe
Safe
Safe
Safe
Eliminated

Ashland Craft
Safe
Safe
Safe
Eliminated
Eliminated (Week 3)

Shi'Ann Jones
Safe
Safe
Safe
Eliminated

Janice Freeman
Safe
Safe
Eliminated
Eliminated (Week 2)

Jon Mero
Safe
Eliminated
Eliminated (Week 1)

Anthony Alexander
Eliminated
Eliminated (Playoffs)

Whitney Fenimore
Eliminated

Moriah Formica
Eliminated

Lucas Holliday
Eliminated

Mitchell Lee
Eliminated

Emily Luther
Eliminated

Hannah Mrozak
Eliminated

Adam Pearce
Eliminated

Natalie Stovall
Eliminated

Esera Tuaolo
Eliminated

Chris Weaver
Eliminated

Karli Webster
Eliminated

text: Team[edit]

text:
Winner
     Runner-up
     Third place
     Fourth place

     Eliminated
     Saved by his/her coach
     Artist Saved by Instant Save (via Twitter)
     Artist advanced and received one or more iTunes bonus that week
  Number of iTunes bonuses received

text:
Artist
Playoffs
Week 1
Week 2
Week 3
Week 4
Finals

Addison Agen
Advanced
Advanced
Advanced
Advanced
Advanced
Runner-up

Adam Cunningham
Advanced
Advanced
Advanced
Advanced
Eliminated

Jon Mero
Advanced
Eliminated

Anthony Alexander
Eliminated

Whitney Fenimore
Eliminated

Emily Luther
Eliminated

Brooke Simpson
Advanced
Advanced
Advanced
Advanced
Advanced
Third Place

Ashland Craft
Advanced
Advanced
Advanced
Eliminated

Janice Freeman
Advanced
Advanced
Eliminated

Moriah Formica
Eliminated

Adam Pearce
Eliminated

Karli Webster
Eliminated

Noah Mac
Advanced
Advanced
Advanced
Advanced
Eliminated

Davon Fleming
Advanced
Advanced
Advanced
Advanced
Eliminated

Shi'Ann Jones
Advanced
Advanced
Advanced
Eliminated

Lucas Holliday
Eliminated

Hannah Mrozak
Eliminated

Chris Weaver
Eliminated

Chloe Kohanski
Advanced
Advanced
Advanced
Advanced
Advanced
Winner

Red Marlow
Advanced
Advanced
Advanced
Advanced
Advanced
Fourth Place

Keisha Renee
Advanced
Advanced
Advanced
Advanced
Eliminated

Mitchell Lee
Eliminated

Natalie Stovall
Eliminated

Esera Tuaolo
Eliminated

text: Artists who appeared on previous shows or seasons[edit]

text:
Adam Pearce auditioned for season twelve, but failed to turn any chairs.
Keisha Renee appeared on the tenth season of American Idol, where she finished in the Top 40.
Hannah Mrozak was a Top 48 placer on the fourteenth season of American Idol.
Odiseas Georgiadis auditioned for season three of the show, but failed to turn any chairs. He is the second contestant, after Sonia Rao, to be rejected twice and the first one to be rejected twice in different seasons.
Samantha Rios previously appeared on the third season of La Voz Kids, as a member of Daddy Yankee's team. She finished as a semi-finalist.
Ignatious Carmouche previously won the show's second Snapchat season on Team Adam. He won a blind audition for this season as his prize.
Esera Tuaolo played professional football for nine years.[12]
Emily Luther (along with Charlie Puth) won the 2011 Perez Hilton Can YOU Sing?? YouTube contest doing a cover of Adele's “Someone Like You”. Both appeared on The Ellen DeGeneres Show and were signed to her label eleveneleven. In January 2012, they came back to The Ellen DeGeneres Show and performed Lady Antebellum's "Need You Now" and an original written by Puth titled "Break Again" (co-written with Robert Gillies).

text: Reception[edit]

text: U.S. Nielsen ratings[edit]

text:
Episode
Original airdate
Production
Time slot (ET)
Viewers
(in millions)
Adults (18–49)
Source

Rating
Share

1
"The Blind Auditions Premiere"
September 25, 2017 (2017-09-25)
1301
Monday 8:00 p.m.
10.57
2.6
9
[13]

2
"The Blind Auditions Premiere, Part 2"
September 26, 2017 (2017-09-26)
1302
Tuesday 8:00 p.m.
10.98
2.7
10
[14]

3
"The Blind Auditions, Part 3"
October 2, 2017 (2017-10-02)
1303
Monday 8:00 p.m.
11.04
2.6
9
[15]

4
"The Blind Auditions, Part 4"
October 3, 2017 (2017-10-03)
1304
Tuesday 8:00 p.m.
10.42
2.4
9
[16]

5
"The Blind Auditions, Part 5"
October 9, 2017 (2017-10-09)
1305
Monday 8:00 p.m.
10.91
2.4
8
[17]

6
"The Blind Auditions, Part 6"
October 10, 2017 (2017-10-10)
1306
Tuesday 8:00 p.m.
10.93
2.6
9
[18]

7
"The Battles Premiere"
October 16, 2017 (2017-10-16)
1307
Monday 8:00 p.m.
11.01
2.6
10
[19]

8
"The Battles Premiere, Part 2"
October 17, 2017 (2017-10-17)
1308
Tuesday 8:00 p.m.
10.41
2.4
8
[20]

9
"The Battles, Part 3"
October 23, 2017 (2017-10-23)
1309
Monday 8:00 p.m.
10.19
2.4
8
[21]

10
"The Battles, Part 4"
October 24, 2017 (2017-10-24)
1310
Tuesday 8:00 p.m.
9.90
1.9
7
[22]

11
"The Knockouts Premiere"
October 30, 2017 (2017-10-30)
1311
Monday 8:00 p.m.
9.98
1.9
7
[23]

12
"The Voice: Best of the Season"
October 31, 2017 (2017-10-31)
1312
Tuesday 8:00 p.m.
6.23
1.0
4
[24]

13
"The Knockouts, Part 2"
November 6, 2017 (2017-11-06)
1313
Monday 8:00 p.m.
9.63
2.0
7
[25]

14
"The Knockouts, Part 3"
November 7, 2017 (2017-11-07)
1314
Tuesday 8:00 p.m.
9.47
1.9
7
[26]

15
"The Playoffs, Night 1"
November 13, 2017 (2017-11-13)
1315
Monday 8:00 p.m.
10.01
2.0
8
[27]

16
"The Playoffs, Night 2"
November 14, 2017 (2017-11-14)
1316
Tuesday 8:00 p.m.
10.08
2.1
8
[28]

17
"The Playoffs, Night 3"
November 15, 2017 (2017-11-15)
1317
Wednesday 9:00 p.m.
8.23
1.7
7
[29]

18
"Live Top 12 Performances"
November 20, 2017 (2017-11-20)
1318
Monday 8:00 p.m.
9.15
1.7
6
[30]

19
"Live Top 12 Eliminations"
November 21, 2017 (2017-11-21)
1319
Tuesday 8:00 p.m.
9.36
1.7
7
[31]

20
"Live Top 11 Performances"
November 27, 2017 (2017-11-27)
1320
Monday 8:00 p.m.
9.60
1.9
7
[32]

21
"Live Top 11 Eliminations"
November 28, 2017 (2017-11-28)
1321
Tuesday 8:00 p.m.
10.60
1.8
7
[33]

22
"Live Top 10 Performances"
December 4, 2017 (2017-12-04)
1322
Monday 8:00 p.m.
9.86
1.8
7
[34]

23
"Live Top 10 Eliminations"
December 5, 2017 (2017-12-05)
1323
Tuesday 8:00 p.m.
10.00
1.8
7
[35]

24
"Live Semifinal Performances"
December 11, 2017 (2017-12-11)
1324
Monday 8:00 p.m.
10.45
1.9
7
[36]

25
"Live Semifinal Eliminations"
December 12, 2017 (2017-12-12)
1325
Tuesday 8:00 p.m.
9.77
1.7
7
[37]

26
"Live Final Performances"
December 18, 2017 (2017-12-18)
1326
Monday 8:00 p.m.
11.02
2.0
7
[38]

27
"Live Season Finale"
December 19, 2017 (2017-12-19)
1327
Tuesday 9:00 p.m.
10.91
2.0
8
[39]


document_title: Joint Chiefs of Staff

question_text: who is currently the highest ranking military officer

root

text: Joint Chiefs of Staff

text: Role and responsibilities[edit]

text: After the 1986 reorganization of the military undertaken by the Goldwater-Nichols Act, the Joint Chiefs of Staff does not have operational command of U.S. military forces. Responsibility for conducting military operations goes from the President to the Secretary of Defense directly to the commanders of the Unified Combatant Commands and thus bypasses the Joint Chiefs of Staff completely.

tag: p

text: Today, their primary responsibility is to ensure the personnel readiness, policy, planning and training of their respective military services for the combatant commanders to utilize. The Joint Chiefs of Staff also act in a military advisory capacity for the President of the United States and the Secretary of Defense. In addition, the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff acts as the chief military advisor to the President and the Secretary of Defense. In this strictly advisory role, the Joint Chiefs constitute the second-highest deliberatory body for military policy, after the National Security Council and the Homeland Security Council, which includes the President and other officials besides the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs.

text: While serving as chairman or Vice Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, Chief of Staff of the Army, Commandant of the Marine Corps, Chief of Naval Operations, Chief of Staff of the Air Force, or Commandant of the Coast Guard, the salary is $15,583.20 a month,[10] regardless of cumulative years of service completed under section 205 of title 37, United States Code.

text: Current members of the Joint Chiefs of Staff[edit]

text:
Position
Photograph
Name
Service

Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff

Gen. Joseph F. Dunford
 United States Marine Corps

Vice Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff

Gen. Paul J. Selva
 United States Air Force

Chief of Staff of the Army

Gen. Mark A. Milley
 United States Army

Commandant of the Marine Corps

Gen. Robert B. Neller
 United States Marine Corps

Chief of Naval Operations

Adm. John M. Richardson
 United States Navy

Chief of Staff of the Air Force

Gen. David L. Goldfein
 United States Air Force

Chief of the National Guard Bureau

Gen. Joseph L. Lengyel
 United States Air Force

tag: table

text: Notes:

text: The Joint Chiefs do not include the Commandant of the Coast Guard because the Coast Guard is normally under the Department of Homeland Security, where the other four branches are under the Department of Defense. However, the Coast Guard is always a military service (14 United States Code, section 1) and may operate under the Department of the Navy during wartime. The commandant of the Coast Guard is however, occasionally invited by the chairman to attend meetings of the Joint Chiefs of Staff.[11]

tag: ul

text: History[edit]

text: Joint Board[edit]

text: As the military of the United States grew in size following the American Civil War, joint military action between the U.S. Army and U.S. Navy became increasingly difficult. The Army and Navy were unsupportive of each other at either the planning or operational level and were constrained by disagreements during the Spanish–American War in the Caribbean campaigns.[12] The Joint Army and Navy Board was established in 1903 by President Theodore Roosevelt, comprising representatives from the military heads and chief planners of both the Navy's General Board and the Army's General Staff. The Joint Board acting as an "advisory committee" was created to plan joint operations and resolve problems of common rivalry between the two services.[12]

text: Yet, the Joint Board accomplished little as its charter gave it no authority to enforce its decisions. The Joint Board also lacked the ability to originate its own opinions and was thus limited to commenting only on the problems submitted to it by the Secretaries of War and Navy. As a result, the Joint Board had little to no impact on the manner the United States conducted World War I.

text: After World War I, in 1919 the two Secretaries agreed to reestablish and revitalize the Joint Board. The mission of the General staff was to develop plans for mobilization for the next war; the US was always designated "Blue" and potential enemies were assigned various other colors.[13]

text: This time, the Joint Board's membership would include the Chiefs of Staff, their deputies, and the Chief of War Plans Division for the Army and Director of Plans Division for the Navy. Under the Joint Board would be a staff called the Joint Planning Committee to serve the Board. Along with new membership, the Joint Board could initiate recommendations on its own initiative. However, the Joint Board still did not possess the legal authority to enforce its decisions.

text: World War II[edit]

text: President of the United States Franklin D. Roosevelt and Prime Minister of the United Kingdom Winston Churchill established the Combined Chiefs of Staff (CCS) during the 1942 Arcadia Conference.[14] The CCS would serve as the supreme military body for strategic direction of the combined US-British Empire war effort.

text: The UK portion of the CCS would be composed of the British Chiefs of Staff Committee, but the United States had no equivalent body. The Joint Board's lack of authority made it of little use to the CCS, although its 1935 publication, Joint Action of the Army and Navy, did give some guidance for the joint operations during World War II. The Joint Board had little influence during the war and was ultimately disbanded in 1947.

text: As a counterpart to the UK's Chiefs of Staff Committee in the CCS, and to provide better coordinated effort and coordinated staff work for America's military effort, Admiral William D. Leahy proposed a "unified high command" in what would come to be called the Joint Chiefs of Staff. Modeled on the British Chiefs of Staff Committee, the JCS' first formal meeting was held on 9 February 1942, to coordinate U.S. military operations between War and Navy Departments.[14][15] The official history of the Army Air Forces noted that although there was "no official charter establishing this committee...by the end of February it had assumed responsibilities toward the American war effort comparable to the CCS on the combined level."[16] On 20 July 1942, Admiral Leahy became the Chief of Staff to the Commander in Chief of the Army and Navy ("Commander in Chief of the Army and Navy of the United States" is the military title of the U.S. President, per Article II, § 2, of the Constitution), with the chiefs of staff of the services serving under his leadership.

text: The first members of the Joint Chiefs of Staff were:[17]

text:
Name
Service
Position

Admiral William D. Leahy
USN
Chief of Staff to the Commander in Chief of the Army and Navy and
Special Presidential Military Advisor

General George C. Marshall
USA
Chief of Staff of the United States Army (CSUSA)

Admiral Ernest J. King
USN
Commander in Chief of the United States Fleet and
Chief of Naval Operations (COMINCH-CNO)

General Hap H. Arnold
USA
Chief of the Army Air Forces and Deputy Chief of Staff for Air

text: As the table indicates, each of the members of the original Joint Chiefs was a four-star flag officer in his respective service branch. By the end of the war, however, each had been promoted: Leahy and King to Fleet Admiral; Marshall and Arnold to General of the Army. Arnold was later appointed to the grade of General of the Air Force.

text: One of the Joint Chiefs of Staff's committees was the Joint Strategic Survey Committee (JSSC). The JSSC was an extraordinary JCS committee that existed from 1942 until 1947. It was "one of the most influential planning agencies in the wartime armed forces."[18] Members included Lieutenant General Stanley D. Embick, U.S. Army, chairman, 1942–, Vice Admiral Russell Willson, U.S. Navy, 1942–1945, Vice Admiral Theodore Stark Wilkinson, U.S. Navy, 1946, and Major General Muir S. Fairchild, U.S. Army Air Force, 1942–.

text: National Security Act of 1947[edit]

text: With the end of World War II, the Joint Chiefs of Staff was officially established under the National Security Act of 1947. Per the National Security Act, the JCS consisted of a chairman, the Chief of Staff of the Army, the Chief of Staff of the Air Force (which was established as a separate service by the same Act), and the Chief of Naval Operations. The Commandant of the Marine Corps was to be consulted on matters concerning the Corps, but was not a regular member; General Lemuel C. Shepherd, Jr., Commandant in 1952–55, was the first to sit as an occasional member. The law was amended during the term of General Louis H. Wilson, Jr. (1975–79), making the Commandant a full-time JCS member in parity with the other three DoD services.

text: The position of vice-chairman was created by the Goldwater–Nichols Act of 1986 to complement the CJCS, as well as to delegate some of the chairman's responsibilities, particularly resource allocation through the Joint Requirements Oversight Council (JROC).

text: General Colin L. Powell (1989–93) was the first and, as of 2011, the only African American to serve on the Joint Chiefs of Staff. General Peter Pace (Vice chairman 2001–05; Chairman, 2005–07) was the first Marine to serve in either position. No woman has ever served on the Joint Chiefs of Staff.

text: National Defense Authorization Act of 2012[edit]

text: A provision in the 2012 National Defense Authorization Act added the Chief of the National Guard Bureau to the Joint Chiefs of Staff. Guard historians called it the "most significant development" for the National Guard since the Militia Act of 1903.[1]

text: Organization and leadership positions[edit]

text: Chairman[edit]

text: The Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff is, by law, the highest-ranking military officer of the United States Armed Forces,[19] and the principal military adviser to the President of the United States. He leads the meetings and coordinates the efforts of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, comprising the chairman, the Vice Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, the Chief of Staff of the United States Army, the Commandant of the United States Marine Corps, the Chief of Naval Operations, the Chief of Staff of the United States Air Force, and the Chief of the National Guard Bureau. The Joint Chiefs of Staff have offices in The Pentagon. The chairman outranks all respective heads of each service branch,[20] but does not have command authority over them, their service branches or the Unified Combatant Commands.[20] All combatant commanders receive operational orders directly from the Secretary of Defense.[21]

text: The current chairman is General Joseph Dunford, USMC, who began his term on October 1, 2015.

text: On 20 July 1942, Navy Fleet Admiral William D. Leahy became the Chief of Staff to the Commander in Chief of the Army and Navy (20 July 1942 – 21 March 1949). He was not technically the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. Leahy's office was the precursor to the post of Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. That post was established and first held by General of the Army Omar Bradley in 1949.

text: Vice Chairman[edit]

text: The position of Vice Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff was created by the Goldwater-Nichols Act of 1986. The vice-chairman is a four-star-general or admiral and, by law, is the second highest-ranking member of the U.S. Armed Forces (after the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff). In the absence of the chairman, the vice-chairman presides over the meetings of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. He may also perform such duties as the chairman may prescribe. It was not until the National Defense Authorization Act in 1992 that the position was made a full voting member of the JCS.[22]

text: The current vice-chairman is General Paul J. Selva, USAF.

text: Senior Enlisted Advisor to the Chairman[edit]

text: The Senior Enlisted Advisor to the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff (SEAC) advises on all matters concerning joint and combined total force integration, utilization, development, and helps develop noncommissioned officers related joint professional education, enhance utilization of senior NCOs on joint battle staffs, and support the chairman’s responsibilities as directed.

text: Command Sergeant Major William Gainey, USA, was the first SEAC, serving from October 1, 2005. The current SEAC is Command Sergeant Major John W. Troxell, US Army, who was sworn in by Joint Chiefs Chairman General Joseph Dunford on December 11, 2015, replacing Sergeant Major Bryan B. Battaglia, USMC.

text: The Joint Staff[edit]

text:
The Joint Staff

Office of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Identification Badge

Agency overview

Formed
1949

Headquarters
The Pentagon

Employees
Approx. 1,500

Agency executive

Lt. Gen. William C. Mayville, Jr. (DJS)

Parent agency
Department of Defense

text: The Joint Staff (JS) is a military headquarters staff based at the Pentagon, composed of personnel from all the five armed services, assisting the Chairman and the Vice Chairman in discharging their responsibilities. They work closely with the Office of the Secretary of Defense (OSD), the Military Department staffs, and the Combatant Command Staffs.

text: The Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff is assisted by the Director of the Joint Staff, a three-star officer who assists the chairman with the management of the Joint Staff, an organization composed of approximately equal numbers of officers contributed by the Army, the Navy and Marine Corps, the Air Force, and the Coast Guard, who have been assigned to assist the chairman in providing to the Secretary of Defense unified strategic direction, operation, and integration of the combatant land, naval, and air forces.

text: Directorates of the Joint Staff[edit]

text: The Joint Staff includes the following departments where all the planning, policies, intelligence, manpower, communications and logistics functions are translated into action.[23]

text:
Joint Staff Information Management Division (United States)
DOM – Directorate of Management
J1 – Personnel and Manpower
J2 – Intelligence

The National Military Joint Intelligence Center (NMJIC) is part of the J2 directorate

J3 – Operations

The National Military Command Center (NMCC) is part of the J3 directorate

J4 – Logistics
J5 – Strategic Plans and Policy
J6 – Command, Control, Communications and Computers/Cyber –[24]

The J-6 directorate is one of a group of agencies that administer the SIPRNet. Other administrators include: National Security Agency, Defense Intelligence Agency, and Defense Information Systems Agency.[25] The J-6 chairs the DOD's Military Communications-Electronic Board,[26] which works in conjunction with the multinational Combined Communications Electronic Board.
The J-6 Joint Deployable Analysis Team (JDAT) conducts assessments in conjunction with Combatant Command exercises, experiments, and test and evaluation events.[27]

J7 – Operational Plans and Joint Force Development
J8 – Force Structure, Resources, and Assessment

text: Joint Chiefs of Staff: Civilian Awards[edit]

text: The Joint Chiefs may recognize private citizens, organizations or career civilian government employees for significant achievements provided to the joint community with one of the following decorations / awards.[28]

text:
CJCS Award for Distinguished Public Service (DPS)
CJCS Award for Outstanding Public Service (OPS)
CJCS Joint Distinguished Civilian Service Award
CJCS Joint Meritorious Civilian Service Award
Joint Civilian Service Commendation Award (JCSCA)
Joint Civilian Service Achievement Award (JCSAA)

text: Coast Guard[edit]

text: Although the Coast Guard is one of the five armed services of the United States, the Commandant of the Coast Guard is not a member of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. The Commandant is, however, entitled to the same supplemental pay as the Joint Chiefs, per 37 U.S.C. § 414(a)(5) ($4,000 per annum in 2009), and is accorded privilege of the floor under Senate Rule XXIII(1) as a de facto JCS member during Presidential addresses. In contrast to the Joint Chiefs—who are not in the military's operational chain of command, the Commandant of the Coast Guard commands his service. Coast Guard officers are legally eligible to be appointed as CJCS and VCJCS, per 10 U.S.C. 152(a)(1) & 154(a)(1) respectively—which use the collective term "armed forces" rather than listing the eligible services—but none has been appointed to either position as of 2016. The Coast Guard does have one officer who was appointed in 2016 to the Joint Staff who currently serves as J6.


document_title: Manchester United F.C.

question_text: when did manchester united last won premier league

question_tokens: when did manchester united last won premier league

text: Manchester United F.C.

text: History

text: Early years (1878–1945)

text: Manchester United was formed in 1878 as Newton Heath LYR Football Club by the Carriage and Wagon department of the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway (LYR) depot at Newton Heath.[16] The team initially played games against other departments and railway companies, but on 20 November 1880, they competed in their first recorded match; wearing the colours of the railway company – green and gold – they were defeated 6–0 by Bolton Wanderers' reserve team.[17] By 1888, the club had become a founding member of The Combination, a regional football league. Following the league's dissolution after only one season, Newton Heath joined the newly formed Football Alliance, which ran for three seasons before being merged with the Football League. This resulted in the club starting the 1892–93 season in the First Division, by which time it had become independent of the railway company and dropped the "LYR" from its name.[16] After two seasons, the club was relegated to the Second Division.[16]

text: In January 1902, with debts of £2,670 – equivalent to £270,000 in 2018[nb 1] – the club was served with a winding-up order.[18] Captain Harry Stafford found four local businessmen, including John Henry Davies (who became club president), each willing to invest £500 in return for a direct interest in running the club and who subsequently changed the name;[19] on 24 April 1902, Manchester United was officially born.[20][nb 2] Under Ernest Mangnall, who assumed managerial duties in 1903, the team finished as Second Division runners-up in 1906 and secured promotion to the First Division, which they won in 1908 – the club's first league title. The following season began with victory in the first ever Charity Shield[21] and ended with the club's first FA Cup title. Manchester United won the First Division for the second time in 1911, but at the end of the following season, Mangnall left the club to join Manchester City.[22]

text: In 1922, three years after the resumption of football following the First World War, the club was relegated to the Second Division, where it remained until regaining promotion in 1925. Relegated again in 1931, Manchester United became a yo-yo club, achieving its all-time lowest position of 20th place in the Second Division in 1934. Following the death of principal benefactor John Henry Davies in October 1927, the club's finances deteriorated to the extent that Manchester United would likely have gone bankrupt had it not been for James W. Gibson, who, in December 1931, invested £2,000 and assumed control of the club.[23] In the 1938–39 season, the last year of football before the Second World War, the club finished 14th in the First Division.[23]

text: Busby years (1945–1969)

text: In October 1945, the impending resumption of football led to the managerial appointment of Matt Busby, who demanded an unprecedented level of control over team selection, player transfers and training sessions.[24] Busby led the team to second-place league finishes in 1947, 1948 and 1949, and to FA Cup victory in 1948. In 1952, the club won the First Division, its first league title for 41 years.[25] With an average age of 22, the back-to-back title winning side of 1956 were labelled "the Busby Babes" by the media, a testament to Busby's faith in his youth players.[26] In 1957, Manchester United became the first English team to compete in the European Cup, despite objections from The Football League, who had denied Chelsea the same opportunity the previous season.[27] En route to the semi-final, which they lost to Real Madrid, the team recorded a 10–0 victory over Belgian champions Anderlecht, which remains the club's biggest victory on record.[28]

text: The following season, on the way home from a European Cup quarter-final victory against Red Star Belgrade, the aircraft carrying the Manchester United players, officials and journalists crashed while attempting to take off after refuelling in Munich, Germany. The Munich air disaster of 6 February 1958 claimed 23 lives, including those of eight players – Geoff Bent, Roger Byrne, Eddie Colman, Duncan Edwards, Mark Jones, David Pegg, Tommy Taylor and Billy Whelan – and injured several more.[29][30]

text: Assistant manager Jimmy Murphy took over as manager while Busby recovered from his injuries and the club's makeshift side reached the FA Cup final, which they lost to Bolton Wanderers. In recognition of the team's tragedy, UEFA invited the club to compete in the 1958–59 European Cup alongside eventual League champions Wolverhampton Wanderers. Despite approval from the FA, the Football League determined that the club should not enter the competition, since it had not qualified.[31][32] Busby rebuilt the team through the 1960s by signing players such as Denis Law and Pat Crerand, who combined with the next generation of youth players – including George Best – to win the FA Cup in 1963. The following season, they finished second in the league, then won the title in 1965 and 1967. In 1968, Manchester United became the first English (and second British) club to win the European Cup, beating Benfica 4–1 in the final[33] with a team that contained three European Footballers of the Year: Bobby Charlton, Denis Law and George Best.[34] Matt Busby resigned as manager in 1969 and was replaced by the reserve team coach, former Manchester United player Wilf McGuinness.[35]

text: Following an eighth-place finish in the 1969–70 season and a poor start to the 1970–71 season, Busby was persuaded to temporarily resume managerial duties, and McGuinness returned to his position as reserve team coach. In June 1971, Frank O'Farrell was appointed as manager, but lasted less than 18 months before being replaced by Tommy Docherty in December 1972.[37] Docherty saved Manchester United from relegation that season, only to see them relegated in 1974; by that time the trio of Best, Law, and Charlton had left the club.[33] The team won promotion at the first attempt and reached the FA Cup final in 1976, but were beaten by Southampton. They reached the final again in 1977, beating Liverpool 2–1. Docherty was dismissed shortly afterwards, following the revelation of his affair with the club physiotherapist's wife.[35][38]

text: Dave Sexton replaced Docherty as manager in the summer of 1977. Despite major signings, including Joe Jordan, Gordon McQueen, Gary Bailey, and Ray Wilkins, the team failed to achieve any significant results; they finished in the top two in 1979–80 and lost to Arsenal in the 1979 FA Cup Final. Sexton was dismissed in 1981, even though the team won the last seven games under his direction.[39] He was replaced by Ron Atkinson, who immediately broke the British record transfer fee to sign Bryan Robson from West Bromwich Albion. Under Atkinson, Manchester United won the FA Cup twice in three years – in 1983 and 1985. In 1985–86, after 13 wins and two draws in its first 15 matches, the club was favourite to win the league, but finished in fourth place. The following season, with the club in danger of relegation by November, Atkinson was dismissed.[40]

text: Ferguson years (1986–2013)

text: Alex Ferguson and his assistant Archie Knox arrived from Aberdeen on the day of Atkinson's dismissal,[41] and guided the club to an 11th-place finish in the league.[42] Despite a second-place finish in 1987–88, the club was back in 11th place the following season.[43] Reportedly on the verge of being dismissed, victory over Crystal Palace in the 1990 FA Cup Final replay (after a 3–3 draw) saved Ferguson's career.[44][45] The following season, Manchester United claimed its first Cup Winners' Cup title and competed in the 1991 UEFA Super Cup, beating European Cup holders Red Star Belgrade 1–0 in the final at Old Trafford. A second consecutive League Cup final appearance followed in 1992, in which the team beat Nottingham Forest 1–0 at Wembley.[40] In 1993, the club won its first league title since 1967, and a year later, for the first time since 1957, it won a second consecutive title – alongside the FA Cup – to complete the first "Double" in the club's history.[40]

text: In the 1998–99 season, Manchester United became the first team to win the Premier League, FA Cup and UEFA Champions League – "The Treble" – in the same season.[47] Losing 1–0 going into injury time in the 1999 UEFA Champions League Final, Teddy Sheringham and Ole Gunnar Solskjær scored late goals to claim a dramatic victory over Bayern Munich, in what is considered one of the greatest comebacks of all time.[48] The club also won the Intercontinental Cup after beating Palmeiras 1–0 in Tokyo.[49] Ferguson was subsequently knighted for his services to football.[50]

text: Manchester United won the league again in the 1999–2000 and 2000–01 seasons. The team finished third in 2001–02, before regaining the title in 2002–03.[51] They won the 2003–04 FA Cup, beating Millwall 3–0 in the final at the Millennium Stadium in Cardiff to lift the trophy for a record 11th time.[52] In the 2005–06 season, Manchester United failed to qualify for the knockout phase of the UEFA Champions League for the first time in over a decade,[53] but recovered to secure a second-place league finish and victory over Wigan Athletic in the 2006 Football League Cup Final. The club regained the Premier League in the 2006–07 and 2007–08 seasons, and completed the European double by beating Chelsea 6–5 on penalties in the 2008 UEFA Champions League Final in Moscow's Luzhniki Stadium. Ryan Giggs made a record 759th appearance for the club in this game, overtaking previous record holder Bobby Charlton.[54] In December 2008, the club won the 2008 FIFA Club World Cup and followed this with the 2008–09 Football League Cup, and its third successive Premier League title.[55][56] That summer, Cristiano Ronaldo was sold to Real Madrid for a world record £80 million.[57] In 2010, Manchester United defeated Aston Villa 2–1 at Wembley to retain the League Cup, its first successful defence of a knockout cup competition.[58]

text: After finishing as runner-up to Chelsea in the 2009–10 season, United achieved a record 19th league title in 2010–11, securing the championship with a 1–1 away draw against Blackburn Rovers on 14 May 2011.[59] This was extended to 20 league titles in 2012–13, securing the championship with a 3–0 home win against Aston Villa on 22 April 2013.[60]

text: On 8 May 2013, Ferguson announced that he was to retire as manager at the end of the football season, but would remain at the club as a director and club ambassador.[61][62] The club announced the next day that Everton manager David Moyes would replace him from 1 July, having signed a six-year contract.[63][64][65] Ryan Giggs took over as interim player-manager 10 months later, on 22 April 2014, when Moyes was sacked after a poor season in which the club failed to defend their Premier League title and failed to qualify for the UEFA Champions League for the first time since 1995–96.[66] They also failed to qualify for the Europa League, meaning that it was the first time Manchester United hadn't qualified for a European competition since 1990.[67] On 19 May 2014, it was confirmed that Louis van Gaal would replace Moyes as Manchester United manager on a three-year deal, with Giggs as his assistant.[68] Malcolm Glazer, the patriarch of the Glazer family that owns the club, died on 28 May 2014.[69]

text: Although Van Gaal's first season saw United once again qualify for the Champions League through a fourth-place finish in the Premier League, his second season saw United go out of the same tournament in the group stage.[70] United also fell behind in the title race for the third consecutive season, finishing in 5th place, in spite of several expensive signings during Van Gaal's tenure. However, that same season, Manchester United won the FA Cup for a 12th time, this being their first major trophy won since the departure of Sir Alex Ferguson.[71] Despite this victory, Van Gaal was sacked as manager just two days later,[72] with José Mourinho appointed in his place on 27 May, signing a three-year contract.[73] That season, United finished in sixth place while winning the EFL Cup for the fifth time and the Europa League for the first time, as well as the FA Community Shield for a record 21st time. Despite not finishing in the top four, United qualified for the Champions League through their Europa League win. Wayne Rooney scored his 250th goal with United, surpassing Sir Bobby Charlton as United's all-time top scorer, before leaving the club at the end of the season to return to Everton.

text: Crest and colours

text: The club crest is derived from the Manchester City Council coat of arms, although all that remains of it on the current crest is the ship in full sail.[74] The devil stems from the club's nickname "The Red Devils"; it was included on club programmes and scarves in the 1960s, and incorporated into the club crest in 1970, although the crest was not included on the chest of the shirt until 1971.[74]

text: Newton Heath's uniform in 1879, four years before the club played its first competitive match, has been documented as 'white with blue cord'.[75] A photograph of the Newton Heath team, taken in 1892, is believed to show the players wearing red-and-white quartered jerseys and navy blue knickerbockers.[76] Between 1894–96, the players wore distinctive green and gold jerseys[76] which were replaced in 1896 by white shirts, which were worn with navy blue shorts.[76]

text: After the name change in 1902, the club colours were changed to red shirts, white shorts, and black socks, which has become the standard Manchester United home kit.[76] Very few changes were made to the kit until 1922 when the club adopted white shirts bearing a deep red "V" around the neck, similar to the shirt worn in the 1909 FA Cup Final. They remained part of their home kits until 1927.[76] For a period in 1934, the cherry and white hooped change shirt became the home colours, but the following season the red shirt was recalled after the club's lowest ever league placing of 20th in the Second Division and the hooped shirt dropped back to being the change.[76] The black socks were changed to white from 1959 to 1965, where they were replaced with red socks up until 1971 with white used on occasion, when the club reverted to black. Black shorts and/or white socks were sometimes worn with the home strip, most often in away games, if there is a clash with the opponent's kit. For 2018–19, black shorts and red socks became the primary choice for the home kit. Since 1997–98, white socks have been the preferred choice for European games, which are typically played on weeknights, to aid with player visibility.[77] The current home kit is a red shirt with black stripes gradually getting thicker towards the base and the trademark Adidas three stripes in black on the shoulders, black shorts, and red socks with black tops and gradual stripes in between.[78]

text: The Manchester United away strip has often been a white shirt, black shorts and white socks, but there have been several exceptions. These include an all-black strip with blue and gold trimmings between 1993 and 1995, the navy blue shirt with silver horizontal pinstripes worn during the 1999–2000 season,[79] and the 2011–12 away kit, which had a royal blue body and sleeves with hoops made of small midnight navy blue and black stripes, with black shorts and blue socks.[80] An all-grey away kit worn during the 1995–96 season was dropped after just five games, most notoriously against Southampton where Alex Ferguson forced the team to change into the third kit during half-time of its final outing. The reason for dropping it being that the players claimed to have trouble finding their teammates against the crowd, United failed to win a competitive game in the kit.[81] In 2001, to celebrate 100 years as "Manchester United", a reversible white/gold away kit was released, although the actual match day shirts were not reversible.[82]

text: The club's third kit is often all-blue, this was most recently the case during the 2014–15 season.[83] Exceptions include a green-and-gold halved shirt worn between 1992 and 1994, a blue-and-white striped shirt worn during the 1994–95 and 1995–96 seasons and once in 1996–97, an all-black kit worn during the Treble-winning 1998–99 season, and a white shirt with black-and-red horizontal pinstripes worn between 2003–04 and 2005–06.[84] From 2006–07 to 2013–14, the third kit was the previous season's away kit, albeit updated with the new club sponsor in 2006–07 and 2010–11, apart from 2008–09 when an all-blue kit was launch to mark the 40th anniversary of the 1967–68 European Cup success.[85]

text: Kit evolution

text:
1879–1880, 1896–1902

1880–1887

1887–1893

1893–1894

1894–1896

text:
1902–1920, 1921–1922, 1927–1934, 1934–1960, 1971–2018[EN]

1920–1921, 1963–1971

1922–1927

1934

1960–1963 (1997–present)[EU]

2018–present

text:
^ Between 1997 and 2018 this combination was primarily used in domestic competitions and friendlies.
^ Since 1997 this combination is primarily used in European and international competitions.

tag: ol

text: Grounds

text: 1878–1893: North Road

text: Newton Heath initially played on a field on North Road, close to the railway yard; the original capacity was about 12,000, but club officials deemed the facilities inadequate for a club hoping to join The Football League.[86] Some expansion took place in 1887, and in 1891, Newton Heath used its minimal financial reserves to purchase two grandstands, each able to hold 1,000 spectators.[87] Although attendances were not recorded for many of the earliest matches at North Road, the highest documented attendance was approximately 15,000 for a First Division match against Sunderland on 4 March 1893.[88] A similar attendance was also recorded for a friendly match against Gorton Villa on 5 September 1889.[89]

text: 1893–1910: Bank Street Ground

text: In June 1893, after the club was evicted from North Road by its owners, Manchester Deans and Canons, who felt it was inappropriate for the club to charge an entry fee to the ground, secretary A. H. Albut procured the use of the Bank Street ground in Clayton.[90] It initially had no stands, by the start of the 1893–94 season, two had been built; one spanning the full length of the pitch on one side and the other behind the goal at the "Bradford end". At the opposite end, the "Clayton end", the ground had been "built up, thousands thus being provided for".[90] Newton Heath's first league match at Bank Street was played against Burnley on 1 September 1893, when 10,000 people saw Alf Farman score a hat-trick, Newton Heath's only goals in a 3–2 win. The remaining stands were completed for the following league game against Nottingham Forest three weeks later.[90] In October 1895, before the visit of Manchester City, the club purchased a 2,000-capacity stand from the Broughton Rangers rugby league club, and put up another stand on the "reserved side" (as distinct from the "popular side"). However, weather restricted the attendance for the Manchester City match to just 12,000.[91]

text: When the Bank Street ground was temporarily closed by bailiffs in 1902, club captain Harry Stafford raised enough money to pay for the club's next away game at Bristol City and found a temporary ground at Harpurhey for the next reserves game against Padiham.[92] Following financial investment, new club president John Henry Davies paid £500 for the erection of a new 1,000-seat stand at Bank Street.[93] Within four years, the stadium had cover on all four sides, as well as the ability to hold approximately 50,000 spectators, some of whom could watch from the viewing gallery atop the Main Stand.[93]

text: 1910–present: Old Trafford

text: Following Manchester United's first league title in 1908 and the FA Cup a year later, it was decided that Bank Street was too restrictive for Davies' ambition;[93] in February 1909, six weeks before the club's first FA Cup title, Old Trafford was named as the home of Manchester United, following the purchase of land for around £60,000. Architect Archibald Leitch was given a budget of £30,000 for construction; original plans called for seating capacity of 100,000, though budget constraints forced a revision to 77,000. The building was constructed by Messrs Brameld and Smith of Manchester. The stadium's record attendance was registered on 25 March 1939, when an FA Cup semi-final between Wolverhampton Wanderers and Grimsby Town drew 76,962 spectators.[94]

text: Bombing in the Second World War destroyed much of the stadium; the central tunnel in the South Stand was all that remained of that quarter. After the war, the club received compensation from the War Damage Commission in the amount of £22,278. While reconstruction took place, the team played its "home" games at Manchester City's Maine Road ground; Manchester United was charged £5,000 per year, plus a nominal percentage of gate receipts.[95] Later improvements included the addition of roofs, first to the Stretford End and then to the North and East Stands. The roofs were supported by pillars that obstructed many fans' views, and they were eventually replaced with a cantilevered structure. The Stretford End was the last stand to receive a cantilevered roof, completed in time for the 1993–94 season.[35] First used on 25 March 1957 and costing £40,000, four 180-foot (55 m) pylons were erected, each housing 54 individual floodlights. These were dismantled in 1987 and replaced by a lighting system embedded in the roof of each stand, which remains in use today.[96]

text: The Taylor Report's requirement for an all-seater stadium lowered capacity at Old Trafford to around 44,000 by 1993. In 1995, the North Stand was redeveloped into three tiers, restoring capacity to approximately 55,000. At the end of the 1998–99 season, second tiers were added to the East and West Stands, raising capacity to around 67,000, and between July 2005 and May 2006, 8,000 more seats were added via second tiers in the north-west and north-east quadrants. Part of the new seating was used for the first time on 26 March 2006, when an attendance of 69,070 became a new Premier League record.[97] The record was pushed steadily upwards before reaching its peak on 31 March 2007, when 76,098 spectators saw Manchester United beat Blackburn Rovers 4–1, with just 114 seats (0.15 per cent of the total capacity of 76,212) unoccupied.[98] In 2009, reorganisation of the seating resulted in a reduction of capacity by 255 to 75,957.[99][100] Manchester United has the second highest average attendance of European football clubs only behind Borussia Dortmund.[101][102][103]

text: Support

text: Manchester United is one of the most popular football clubs in the world, with one of the highest average home attendance in Europe.[104] The club states that its worldwide fan base includes more than 200 officially recognised branches of the Manchester United Supporters Club (MUSC), in at least 24 countries.[105] The club takes advantage of this support through its worldwide summer tours. Accountancy firm and sports industry consultants Deloitte estimate that Manchester United has 75 million fans worldwide,[14] while other estimates put this figure closer to 333 million.[106] The club has the third highest social media following in the world among sports teams (after Barcelona and Real Madrid), with over 71 million Facebook fans as of September 2016.[15][107] A 2014 study showed that Manchester United had the loudest fans in the Premier League.[108]

text: Supporters are represented by two independent bodies; the Independent Manchester United Supporters' Association (IMUSA), which maintains close links to the club through the MUFC Fans Forum,[109] and the Manchester United Supporters' Trust (MUST). After the Glazer family's takeover in 2005, a group of fans formed a splinter club, F.C. United of Manchester. The West Stand of Old Trafford – the "Stretford End" – is the home end and the traditional source of the club's most vocal support.[110]

text: Rivalries

text: Manchester United has rivalries with Arsenal, Leeds United, Liverpool, and Manchester City, against whom they contest the Manchester derby.[111][112]

text: The rivalry with Liverpool is rooted in competition between the cities during the Industrial Revolution when Manchester was famous for its textile industry while Liverpool was a major port.[113] The two clubs are the most successful English teams in both domestic and European competitions; and between them they have won 38 league titles, 8 European Cups, 4 UEFA Cups, 4 UEFA Super Cups, 19 FA Cups, 13 League Cups, 1 FIFA Club World Cup, 1 Intercontinental Cup and 36 FA Community Shields.[3][114][115] It is considered to be one of the biggest rivalries in the association football world and is considered the most famous fixture in English football.[116][117][118][119][120]

text: The "Roses Rivalry" with Leeds stems from the Wars of the Roses, fought between the House of Lancaster and the House of York, with Manchester United representing Lancashire and Leeds representing Yorkshire.[121]

text: The rivalry with Arsenal arises from the numerous times the two teams, as well as managers Alex Ferguson and Arsène Wenger, have battled for the Premier League title. With 33 titles between them (20 for Manchester United, 13 for Arsenal) this fixture has become known as one of the finest Premier League match-ups in history.[122][123]

text: Global brand

text: Manchester United has been described as a global brand; a 2011 report by Brand Finance, valued the club's trademarks and associated intellectual property at £412 million – an increase of £39 million on the previous year, valuing it at £11 million more than the second best brand, Real Madrid – and gave the brand a strength rating of AAA (Extremely Strong).[124] In July 2012, Manchester United was ranked first by Forbes magazine in its list of the ten most valuable sports team brands, valuing the Manchester United brand at $2.23 billion.[125] The club is ranked third in the Deloitte Football Money League (behind Real Madrid and Barcelona).[126] In January 2013, the club became the first sports team in the world to be valued at $3 billion. Forbes Magazine valued the club at $3.3 billion – $1.2 billion higher than the next most valuable sports team.[127] They were overtaken by Real Madrid for the next four years, but Manchester United returned to the top of the Forbes list in June 2017, with a valuation of $3.689 billion.[128]

text: The core strength of Manchester United's global brand is often attributed to Matt Busby's rebuilding of the team and subsequent success following the Munich air disaster, which drew worldwide acclaim.[110] The "iconic" team included Bobby Charlton and Nobby Stiles (members of England's World Cup winning team), Denis Law and George Best. The attacking style of play adopted by this team (in contrast to the defensive-minded "catenaccio" approach favoured by the leading Italian teams of the era) "captured the imagination of the English footballing public".[129] Busby's team also became associated with the liberalisation of Western society during the 1960s; George Best, known as the "Fifth Beatle" for his iconic haircut, was the first footballer to significantly develop an off-the-field media profile.[129]

text: As the second English football club to float on the London Stock Exchange in 1991, the club raised significant capital, with which it further developed its commercial strategy. The club's focus on commercial and sporting success brought significant profits in an industry often characterised by chronic losses.[130] The strength of the Manchester United brand was bolstered by intense off-the-field media attention to individual players, most notably David Beckham (who quickly developed his own global brand). This attention often generates greater interest in on-the-field activities, and hence generates sponsorship opportunities – the value of which is driven by television exposure.[131] During his time with the club, Beckham's popularity across Asia was integral to the club's commercial success in that part of the world.[132]

text: Because higher league placement results in a greater share of television rights, success on the field generates greater income for the club. Since the inception of the Premier League, Manchester United has received the largest share of the revenue generated from the BSkyB broadcasting deal.[133] Manchester United has also consistently enjoyed the highest commercial income of any English club; in 2005–06, the club's commercial arm generated £51 million, compared to £42.5 million at Chelsea, £39.3 million at Liverpool, £34 million at Arsenal and £27.9 million at Newcastle United. A key sponsorship relationship was with sportswear company Nike, who managed the club's merchandising operation as part of a £303 million 13-year partnership between 2002 and 2015.[134] Through Manchester United Finance and the club's membership scheme, One United, those with an affinity for the club can purchase a range of branded goods and services. Additionally, Manchester United-branded media services – such as the club's dedicated television channel, MUTV – have allowed the club to expand its fan base to those beyond the reach of its Old Trafford stadium.[14]

text: Sponsorship

text:
Period

Kit manufacturer

Shirt sponsor

1945–1975

Umbro

—

1975–1980

Admiral

1980–1982

Adidas

1982–1992

Sharp Electronics

1992–2000

Umbro

2000–2002

Vodafone

2002–2006

Nike

2006–2010

AIG

2010–2014

Aon

2014–2015

Chevrolet

2015–

Adidas

text: In an initial five-year deal worth £500,000, Sharp Electronics became the club's first shirt sponsor at the beginning of the 1982–83 season, a relationship that lasted until the end of the 1999–2000 season, when Vodafone agreed a four-year, £30 million deal.[135] Vodafone agreed to pay £36 million to extend the deal by four years, but after two seasons triggered a break clause in order to concentrate on its sponsorship of the Champions League.[135]

text: To commence at the start of the 2006–07 season, American insurance corporation AIG agreed a four-year £56.5 million deal which in September 2006 became the most valuable in the world.[136][137] At the beginning of the 2010–11 season, American reinsurance company Aon became the club's principal sponsor in a four-year deal reputed to be worth approximately £80 million, making it the most lucrative shirt sponsorship deal in football history.[138] Manchester United announced their first training kit sponsor in August 2011, agreeing a four-year deal with DHL reported to be worth £40 million; it is believed to be the first instance of training kit sponsorship in English football.[139][140] The DHL contract lasted for over a year before the club bought back the contract in October 2012, although they remained the club's official logistics partner.[141] The contract for the training kit sponsorship was then sold to Aon in April 2013 for a deal worth £180 million over eight years, which also included purchasing the naming rights for the Trafford Training Centre.[142]

text: The club's first kit manufacturer was Umbro, until a five-year deal was agreed with Admiral Sportswear in 1975.[143] Adidas received the contract in 1980,[144] before Umbro started a second spell in 1992.[145] Umbro's sponsorship lasted for ten years, followed by Nike's record-breaking £302.9 million deal that lasted until 2015; 3.8 million replica shirts were sold in the first 22 months with the company.[146][147] In addition to Nike and Chevrolet, the club also has several lower-level "platinum" sponsors, including Aon and Budweiser.[148]

text: On 30 July 2012, United signed a seven-year deal with American automotive corporation General Motors, which replaced Aon as the shirt sponsor from the 2014–15 season. The new $80m-a-year shirt deal is worth $559m over seven years and features the logo of General Motors brand Chevrolet.[149][150] Nike announced that they would not renew their kit supply deal with Manchester United after the 2014–15 season, citing rising costs.[151][152] Since the start of the 2015–16 season, Adidas has manufactured Manchester United's kit as part of a world-record 10-year deal worth a minimum of £750 million.[153][154] Plumbing products manufacturer Kohler became the club's first sleeve sponsor ahead of the 2018–19 season.[155]

text: Ownership and finances

text: Originally funded by the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway Company, the club became a limited company in 1892 and sold shares to local supporters for £1 via an application form.[19] In 1902, majority ownership passed to the four local businessmen who invested £500 to save the club from bankruptcy, including future club president John Henry Davies.[19] After his death in 1927, the club faced bankruptcy yet again, but was saved in December 1931 by James W. Gibson, who assumed control of the club after an investment of £2,000.[23] Gibson promoted his son, Alan, to the board in 1948,[156] but died three years later; the Gibson family retained ownership of the club through James' wife, Lillian,[157] but the position of chairman passed to former player Harold Hardman.[158]

text: Promoted to the board a few days after the Munich air disaster, Louis Edwards, a friend of Matt Busby, began acquiring shares in the club; for an investment of approximately £40,000, he accumulated a 54 per cent shareholding and took control in January 1964.[159] When Lillian Gibson died in January 1971, her shares passed to Alan Gibson who sold a percentage of his shares to Louis Edwards' son, Martin, in 1978; Martin Edwards went on to become chairman upon his father's death in 1980.[160] Media tycoon Robert Maxwell attempted to buy the club in 1984, but did not meet Edwards' asking price.[160] In 1989, chairman Martin Edwards attempted to sell the club to Michael Knighton for £20 million, but the sale fell through and Knighton joined the board of directors instead.[160]

text: Manchester United was floated on the stock market in June 1991 (raising £6.7 million),[161] and received yet another takeover bid in 1998, this time from Rupert Murdoch's British Sky Broadcasting Corporation. This resulted in the formation of Shareholders United Against Murdoch – now the Manchester United Supporters' Trust – who encouraged supporters to buy shares in the club in an attempt to block any hostile takeover. The Manchester United board accepted a £623 million offer,[162] but the takeover was blocked by the Monopolies and Mergers Commission at the final hurdle in April 1999.[163] A few years later, a power struggle emerged between the club's manager, Alex Ferguson, and his horse-racing partners, John Magnier and J. P. McManus, who had gradually become the majority shareholders. In a dispute that stemmed from contested ownership of the horse Rock of Gibraltar, Magnier and McManus attempted to have Ferguson removed from his position as manager, and the board responded by approaching investors to attempt to reduce the Irishmen's majority.[164]

text: In May 2005, Malcolm Glazer purchased the 28.7 per cent stake held by McManus and Magnier, thus acquiring a controlling interest through his investment vehicle Red Football Ltd in a highly leveraged takeover valuing the club at approximately £800 million (then approx. $1.5 billion).[165] Once the purchase was complete, the club was taken off the stock exchange.[166] In July 2006, the club announced a £660 million debt refinancing package, resulting in a 30 per cent reduction in annual interest payments to £62 million a year.[167][168] In January 2010, with debts of £716.5 million ($1.17 billion),[169] Manchester United further refinanced through a bond issue worth £504 million, enabling them to pay off most of the £509 million owed to international banks.[170] The annual interest payable on the bonds – which mature on 1 February 2017 – is approximately £45 million per annum.[171] Despite restructuring, the club's debt prompted protests from fans on 23 January 2010, at Old Trafford and the club's Trafford Training Centre.[172][173] Supporter groups encouraged match-going fans to wear green and gold, the colours of Newton Heath. On 30 January, reports emerged that the Manchester United Supporters' Trust had held meetings with a group of wealthy fans, dubbed the "Red Knights", with plans to buying out the Glazers' controlling interest.[174]

text: In August 2011, the Glazers were believed to have approached Credit Suisse in preparation for a $1 billion (approx. £600 million) initial public offering (IPO) on the Singapore stock exchange that would value the club at more than £2 billion.[175] However, in July 2012, the club announced plans to list its IPO on the New York Stock Exchange instead.[176] Shares were originally set to go on sale for between $16 and $20 each, but the price was cut to $14 by the launch of the IPO on 10 August, following negative comments from Wall Street analysts and Facebook's disappointing stock market debut in May. Even after the cut, Manchester United was valued at $2.3 billion, making it the most valuable football club in the world.[177]

text: Players

text: First-team squad

text: Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.

text:
No.

Position

Player

1

GK

David de Gea

2

DF

Victor Lindelöf

3

DF

Eric Bailly

4

DF

Phil Jones

6

MF

Paul Pogba

7

FW

Alexis Sánchez

8

MF

Juan Mata

9

FW

Romelu Lukaku

10

FW

Marcus Rashford

11

FW

Anthony Martial

12

DF

Chris Smalling

13

GK

Lee Grant

14

MF

Jesse Lingard

No.

Position

Player

15

MF

Andreas Pereira

16

DF

Marcos Rojo

17

MF

Fred

18

DF

Ashley Young

20

DF

Diogo Dalot

21

MF

Ander Herrera

22

GK

Sergio Romero

23

DF

Luke Shaw

25

DF

Antonio Valencia (captain)

27

MF

Marouane Fellaini

31

MF

Nemanja Matić

36

DF

Matteo Darmian

39

MF

Scott McTominay

text: Out on loan

text:
No.

Position

Player

24

DF

Timothy Fosu-Mensah (on loan at Fulham until 30 June 2019)[180]

38

DF

Axel Tuanzebe (on loan at Aston Villa until 30 June 2019)[181]

40

GK

Joel Castro Pereira (on loan at Vitória de Setúbal until 30 June 2019)[182]

text: Reserves and academy

text: Former players

text: Club captains

text: Player records

text: Sir Matt Busby Player of the Year

text: Personnel

text: Coaching staff

text:
Position

Staff

Manager
 José Mourinho

Assistant coaches[183]
 Michael Carrick Ricardo Formosinho Silvino Louro Kieran McKenna

Goalkeeping coach
 Emilio Alvarez

Head of Fitness coaching
 Stefano Rapetti[184]

Fitness coaches
 Carlos Lalin Paulo Gaudino

Head of First Team Analysis
 Paul Brand[185]

Tactical analyst
 Giovanni Cerra

Head of first-team development
 John Murtough

text: Scouting staff

text:
Position

Staff

Chief scout
 Jim Lawlor

Head of global scouting
 Marcel Bout[186]

Head of Youth Recruitment
 David Harrison

Scouts
 Armand Benneker[187] Thomas Bormann Roy Beukenkamp João Ferreira Gerado Guzmán[188] Andreas Herrmann Tommy Møller Nielsen[189] Sandro Orlandelli[190] Vasco Noronha

text: Academy coaching staff

text:
Position

Staff

Director of youth academy
 Nicky Butt[191]

Academy operations manager
 Nick Cox

Under-23s manager
 Ricky Sbragia[192]

Under-23s assistant manager
 Tommy Martin

Under-18s manager
 Neil Ryan[193]

Under-18s assistant manager
 Colin Little

Head of Academy Coaching
 Tony Whelan [194]

Academy goalkeeping coach
 Alan Fettis[195]

text: Medical and sports science staff

text:
Position

Staff

Head of football medicine and science
 Steve McNally

Assistant club doctor
 Tony Gill

Head Physiotherapist
 Richard Merron[196]

Assistant head physiotherapist
 Jon Picot [196]

Head of academy physiotherapy
 Neil Hough[197]

U23s Physiotherapist
 Tom Hughes

Academy physiotherapist
 John Davin

Masseurs
 Gary Armer Rod Thornley Andy Caveney

Club dietician
 Trevor Lea

Head of performance
 Tony Strudwick[198]

Head of strength and conditioning
 Gary Walker[199]

Head of human performance
 Richard Hawkins[200]

Head of recovery & regeneration
 Robin Thorpe

Senior Sports Scientist
 David M. Kelly

text: Managerial history

text:
Dates[201]

Name

Notes

1878–1892

Unknown

1892–1900

 A. H. Albut

1900–1903

 James West

1903–1912

 Ernest Mangnall

1912–1914

 John Bentley

1914–1921

 Jack Robson

1921–1926

 John Chapman

1926–1927

 Lal Hilditch

Player-manager

1927–1931

 Herbert Bamlett

1931–1932

 Walter Crickmer

1932–1937

 Scott Duncan

1937–1945

 Walter Crickmer

1945–1969

 Matt Busby

1969–1970

 Wilf McGuinness

1970–1971

 Matt Busby

1971–1972

 Frank O'Farrell

1972–1977

 Tommy Docherty

1977–1981

 Dave Sexton

1981–1986

 Ron Atkinson

1986–2013

 Alex Ferguson

2013–2014

 David Moyes

2014

 Ryan Giggs

Interim player-manager

2014–2016

 Louis van Gaal

2016–

 José Mourinho

text: Management

text:
Owner: Glazer family via Red Football Shareholder Limited[202]
Honorary president: Martin Edwards[203]

text: Manchester United Limited

text:
Position

Name[204]

Co-chairmen

Avram GlazerJoel Glazer

Executive vice chairman

Ed Woodward

Group managing director

Richard Arnold

Chief financial officer

Cliff Baty[205]

Chief Operating Officer

Collette Roche[206]

Non-executive directors

Bryan GlazerKevin GlazerEdward GlazerDarcie Glazer KassewitzRobert LeitãoJohn HooksManu Sawhney

text: Manchester United Football Club

text:
Office

Name

Directors

David GillMichael EdelsonSir Bobby CharltonSir Alex Ferguson[207]

Club secretary

Rebecca Britain[208]

Club ambassadors

Sir Bobby Charlton[209]Sir Alex Ferguson[209]Andy Cole[210]Gary Neville[211]Bryan Robson[212]Peter Schmeichel[213]Park Ji-sung[214]Dwight Yorke[215]Nemanja Vidić[216]

text: Senior club staff

text:
Office

Name

Director of Group Operations

Alan Dawson MBE

Director of Communications

Vacant

General Counsel

Patrick Stewart

Director of Finance and IT

Steve Deaville

Director of Venue

David French

Director of Partnerships

Sean Jefferson

CEO of Media

Phil Lynch

Ticket office manager

Sam Kelleher

Disability Access Officer

Rishi Jain

Head of Stadium Safety and Security

Phil Rainford

Stadium manager

Ian Collins

Grounds manager

Anthony Sinclair

text: Honours

text: Manchester United are one of the most successful clubs in Europe in terms of trophies won.[217] The club's first trophy was the Manchester Cup, which it won as Newton Heath LYR in 1886.[218] In 1908, the club won its first league title, and won the FA Cup for the first time the following year. Manchester United won the most trophies in the 1990s; five league titles, four FA Cups, one League Cup, five Charity Shields (one shared), one UEFA Champions League, one UEFA Cup Winners' Cup, one UEFA Super Cup and one Intercontinental Cup.

text: The club holds the record for most top-division titles (20) – including a record 13 Premier League titles – and FA Community Shields (21). It was also the first English club to win the European Cup in 1968, and, as of  2017[update], is the only British club to have won the Club World Cup, in 2008. United also became the sole British club to win the Intercontinental Cup, in 1999. The club's most recent trophy came in May 2017, with the 2016–17 UEFA Europa League.

text: In winning the 2016–17 UEFA Europa League, United became the fifth club in history to have won the "European Treble" of European Cup/UEFA Champions League, European Cup Winners' Cup/UEFA Cup Winners' Cup, and UEFA Cup/UEFA Europa League after Juventus, Ajax, Bayern Munich and Chelsea.[219][220]

text: Domestic

text: League

text:
First Division/Premier League[nb 3]
Winners (20): 1907–08, 1910–11, 1951–52, 1955–56, 1956–57, 1964–65, 1966–67, 1992–93, 1993–94, 1995–96, 1996–97, 1998–99, 1999–2000, 2000–01, 2002–03, 2006–07, 2007–08, 2008–09, 2010–11, 2012–13 (record)
Second Division[nb 3]
Winners (2): 1935–36, 1974–75

text: Cups

text:
FA Cup
Winners (12): 1908–09, 1947–48, 1962–63, 1976–77, 1982–83, 1984–85, 1989–90, 1993–94, 1995–96, 1998–99, 2003–04, 2015–16
Football League Cup/EFL Cup
Winners (5): 1991–92, 2005–06, 2008–09, 2009–10, 2016–17
FA Charity/Community Shield
Winners (21): 1908, 1911, 1952, 1956, 1957, 1965*, 1967*, 1977*, 1983, 1990*, 1993, 1994, 1996, 1997, 2003, 2007, 2008, 2010, 2011, 2013, 2016 (* shared) (record)

text: European

text:
European Cup/UEFA Champions League
Winners (3): 1967–68, 1998–99, 2007–08
European Cup Winners' Cup
Winners (1): 1990–91
UEFA Europa League
Winners (1): 2016–17
European Super Cup
Winners (1): 1991

text: Worldwide

text:
Intercontinental Cup
Winners (1): 1999
FIFA Club World Cup
Winners (1): 2008

text: Doubles and Trebles

text:
Doubles
League and FA Cup: 2
1993–94, 1995–96
European Double (League and UEFA Champions League): 1
2007–08
League and League Cup: 1
2008–09
League Cup and Europa League: 1
2016–17
Trebles
Continental Treble (League, FA Cup and UEFA Champions League): 1
1998–99
European Treble (European Cup/UEFA Champions League, UEFA Cup Winners' Cup and UEFA Cup/Europa League)[nb 4]
1967–68 European Cup, 1990–91 European Cup Winners' Cup, 2016–17 UEFA Europa League

text: Especially short competitions such as the Charity/Community Shield, Intercontinental Cup (now defunct), FIFA Club World Cup or UEFA Super Cup are not generally considered to contribute towards a Double or Treble.[221]

text: Manchester United Women

text: Manchester United formed a women's football team in 2018.[222][223][224][225][226]