document_title: Chevrolet Equinox

question_text: what size engine does a 2006 chevy equinox have

text: Chevrolet Equinox

text: First generation (2005–2009)[edit]

text:
First generation
OverviewProduction
2004-2009Assembly
Canada: Ingersoll, Ontario (CAMI)Body and chassisBody style
5-door SUVPlatform
GM Theta platform/GMT191Related
GM HydroGen4Opel AntaraSaturn VueSuzuki XL7Pontiac TorrentBuick RendezvousPowertrainEngine
3.4 L LNJ V6[2]3.6 L LY7 V6Transmission
5-speed Aisin AF33 automatic6-speed GM-Ford 6T70 automaticDimensionsWheelbase
112.5 in (2,857 mm)Length
188.8 in (4,796 mm)Width
71.4 in (1,814 mm)Height
68.3–69.3 in (1,735–1,760 mm)

text: The Chevrolet Equinox was introduced in 2004 for the 2005 model year. Originally, the Equinox was shown at the 2003 Detroit Auto Show.

text: The Pontiac Torrent was introduced in 2005 for the 2006 model year. The Pontiac Torrent was originally shown at the 2005 Los Angeles Auto Show.

text: Riding on the GM Theta platform, the unibody is mechanically similar to the Saturn Vue and the Suzuki XL7. However, the Equinox and the Torrent are larger than the Vue, riding on a 112.5 in (2,858 mm) wheelbase, 5.9 in (150 mm) longer than the Vue. Front-wheel drive is standard, with optional all-wheel drive. They are not designed for serious off-roading like the truck-based Chevrolet Tahoe and Chevrolet TrailBlazer.

text: For the 2006 model year, GM updated the Equinox for the first time, as GM badges were added on the front doors.

text:
The first generation Equinox and Torrent were produced exclusively at the CAMI Automotive GM/Suzuki joint venture plant in Ingersoll, Ontario, Canada. The 3.4 L LNJ V6 engine is made in China (by Shanghai GM), while the Aisin AF33 transmission is made in Japan. Starting with the 2008 model year, the Equinox Sport and Pontiac GXP were available with a 3.6 L V6 engine that was made in the United States.
Production ended in May 2009.

text: The Chevrolet Equinox was not sold in Mexico during the 2009 model year.

text: Pontiac Torrent[edit]

text: While the Torrent shares its basic body structure and mechanicals with the Equinox, it does have a different front and rear styling. The suspension (FE2) and electronic power steering were both modified to feel firmer and sportier.

text: The Torrent was discontinued after the 2009 model year as part of the discontinuation of the Pontiac brand, with the last one rolling off the assembly line on September 2, 2009. A Buick Theta crossover SUV was to be made, effectively taking place of the Pontiac Torrent.[3] Instead, GM replaced the Torrent with the GMC Terrain, which shares the Theta platform with the second generation Equinox.

text: Engines[edit]

text:
Years

Engine

Power

Torque

2005–2009
3.4 L LNJ V6
185 hp (138 kW)
210 lb⋅ft (280 N⋅m)

2008–2009
3.6 L LY7 V6
264 hp (197 kW)
250 lb⋅ft (340 N⋅m)

text: Sport Trims[edit]

text: For the 2008 and 2009 model years, GM offered sportier versions of the Equinox and Torrent; called Sport and GXP, respectively. Featuring the new 3.6 LY7 DOHC V6 engine paired with a new 6-speed automatic transmission (with Manual Tap Up/Down shifting capability). This larger and more powerful (264 hp (197 kW) or 40% increase) engine allowed acceleration from 0 to 60 mph (97 km/h) in under seven seconds.

text: These models also received a 1 in (25 mm) lowered ride height with a performance-tuned suspension and unique front and rear body kits. The lower stance is accented by the 18 inch 5-spoke chrome wheels and the absence of the roof rack, giving them a smoother design flow compared to the standard models. The GXP had twin hood scoops, hydraulic power-assisted steering (as opposed to the electric power-assisted standard Torrent), improved interior trim with unique gauges, and a dual chrome-tipped exhaust.

text: Optional features included navigation, heated sport leather seats, DVD entertainment system, a sunroof and all-wheel drive.[4] GM stated the Equinox Sport was the first vehicle to reflect its more cautious naming standards. Instead of using the Super Sport badge as it had in the past on higher performance vehicles (such as this one), GM opted to reserve the SS nomenclature for special models worthy of its namesake.[5] GM also prominently promoted the GXP in television advertisements by touting its horsepower advantage over the BMW X3, in an effort to brand Pontiac more as a direct, low-cost rival to BMW.

text: Equinox LTZ[edit]

text: An Equinox LTZ model was added[when?]. It is differentiated by its 17-inch chrome-clad aluminum wheels, bright chrome door handles and bright chrome luggage rack side rail inserts. Standard interior features include heated front seats, leather seating inserts, head curtain side impact air bags, AM/FM stereo with six-disc in-dash CD changer and MP3 CD playback capability, and a Pioneer premium seven-speaker audio system. Equinox LTZ came with the same ride and handling package as LS and LT models.

text: 2008 model features[edit]

text: Changes to 2008 Equinox and Torrent models included the relocation of the compass readout from the inside rearview mirror to the driver information center (on models so-equipped), and three new exterior colors: Navy Blue Metallic, Black Granite Metallic, and Golden Teal Metallic.

text: OnStar was standard on the 2008 Equinox and Torrent. This system included for Turn-by-Turn Navigation, the first factory-installed, fully integrated GPS navigation system from OnStar. The 2008 models included an enhanced ride and handling package with stiffer shocks, bushings, and tuned spring rates. Four-wheel disc brakes with ABS and tire pressure monitoring system was standard.

text: An Electronic Trailer Sway Control was introduced that integrated into the standard StabiliTrak system. This can detect the occurrence of trailer sway that may be caused by improper trailer weight balance or excessive vehicle speed. If the trailer begins to sway, StabiliTrak will apply brakes individually, independent of the driver controlling the brake pedal, to assist stabilizing the vehicle. Under these conditions a light will flash to signal the driver to reduce vehicle speed. If trailer sway continues, the system will reduce engine torque to reduce the speed of the vehicle.

text: Head curtain side air bags were optional.

text: Olympic-themed Special Editions[edit]

text: For the 2008 model year, in tribute to the Vancouver 2010 Winter Olympic Games, the Equinox and Torrent each received a special edition; the Team Canada Edition and the Podium Edition, respectively. This package added chrome-clad wheels, sunroof, premium sound system, and special badging.[6] These trims were sold only in Canada.

text: Second generation (2010–2017)[edit]

text:
Second generation
OverviewProduction
June 2009–2017Assembly
Ingersoll, Ontario, Canada (CAMI)Oshawa, Ontario, Canada (GM Canada) Spring Hill, Tennessee, U.S. (from MY 2013–2015) [7]Designer
Ron Aselton[8]Body and chassisBody style
5-door SUVPlatform
GM Theta platform/GMT192Related
GMC Terrain, Cadillac SRX, Saab 9-4X, Saturn Vue, Pontiac Torrent, Opel Antara, Suzuki XL7PowertrainEngine
2.4 L LAF I42.4 L LEA I43.0 L LF1 or LFW V63.6 L LFX V6Transmission
6-speed automaticDimensionsWheelbase
112.5 in (2,857 mm)Length
187.8 in (4,770 mm)Width
72.5 in (1,842 mm)Height
66.3 in (1,684 mm)ChronologySuccessor
Chevrolet Blazer

text: The second generation Equinox was announced by GM on December 21, 2008, and debuted at the 2009 North American International Auto Show in Detroit.[9][10] The 2010 Equinox went on sale in June 2009. It is built on a stiffened version of the same "Theta" platform used in the previous model. The second generation Equinox was built with a pair of upgraded gasoline direct injection engines, with better fuel economy claimed by GM. Earlier 2010 models had the GM badges on the front doors, but were later deleted.[11]

text: Marketing of Chevrolet Equinox resumed in Mexico during late November 2009, for the 2010 model year after a year of absence. Sales of the Chevrolet Equinox to Mexico were stopped after the 2011 model year. However, in October 2015 the Equinox was reintroduced in Mexico to replace the Captiva Sport for the 2016 model year.

text: The second generation Equinox is available standard with a 2.4-liter straight-4 engine produced in Tonawanda, New York and Spring Hill, Tennessee, with a 3.0-liter V6 engine is available as an option.[12] Both powertrains contain six-speed automatics and optional all-wheel-drive systems, with front-wheel-drive being standard.[13]

text: The second generation Equinox is Chevrolet's third best-selling vehicle in North America, after the Silverado and Cruze, respectively.[14]

text: Model year changes[edit]

text: For the 2013 model year, a new direct-injected 3.6L V-6 became available on LT and LTZ models, providing 301 horsepower (225 kW) and 272 lb.-ft. of torque (369 Nm). This engine offered 14 percent more horsepower and 22 percent more torque than the previous 3.0L V-6, with the same EPA-estimated fuel economy. A new FE2 suspension package was offered, matched with the 3.6L V-6 and packaged with 18-inch or 19-inch chrome-clad wheels on LTZ models. The 2013 model year introduced Chevrolet MyLink telematics system to the Equinox.

text: Additional new features for 2013 models included a dual-player DVD entertainment system, a Power convenience package, a safety package with lane departure warning system, forward collision warning and rear park assist, as well as three new exterior colors; Champagne Silver Metallic, Atlantis Metallic and Tungsten Metallic.[15]

text: For the 2014 model year, chrome-clad wheels became standard on LTZ models, and two new exterior colors, Red Rock Metallic and Silver Topaz Metallic became available.

text: The 2015 model year saw the addition of OnStar with 4G LTE and built-in Wi-Fi hotspot, which included a 3GB/three-month data trial, standard on LT and LTZ models, with navigation available on LTZ and 2LT. Blue Velvet Metallic and Sea Grass Metallic were added as the list of available exterior colors.

text: For 2016, the Chevrolet Equinox received its first mid-cycle refresh along with its cousin the GMC Terrain, which was unveiled at the 2015 Chicago Auto Show on February 12, 2015. The refreshed Equinox received a new grille, headlights and front fascia as well as reworked tail lights. In the interior, the Equinox gained a new gear selector, a second storage shelf underneath the dashboard, as well as deletion of the door lock buttons from the dashboard. A new level trim, L, was introduced as the base level, as LS was made the second level, followed by LT and another new trim Premier (replacing LTZ for 2017). Both LT1, LT2, and LTZ level trims were discontinued. Premier took the place of LTZ.

text: More features are in LTZ and LS trims, while LT is unchanged from 2015. However, the OnStar delete feature was removed along with the discontinuation of five color palates, the CD/AM/FM/MP3/WMA Playback audio system, the rear seat entertainment system and one set of 19-inch chrome wheels. In its place are the Chevrolet MyLink system that became standard on all trims, four new color palates, and new 17- and 18-inch wheel trims.[16]

text: Engines[edit]

text:
Years

Engine

Power

Torque

2010–2011
2.4 L Ecotec LAF I4
182 hp (136 kW)
172 lb·ft (233 N·m)

2012–2017
2.4 L Ecotec LEA I4
182 hp (136 kW
172 lb·ft (233 N·m)

2010–2012
3.0 L High Feature LF1 or LFW V6
264 hp (197 kW)
222 lb·ft (301 N·m)

2013–2017
3.6 L High Feature LFX V6
301 hp (224 kW)
272 lb·ft (369 N·m)

text: EPA fuel economy ratings[edit]

text: Skepticism about the Equinox's EPA fuel economy ratings has been raised after a number of road tests at the model's launch achieved 20 to 30% lower fuel economy than the official EPA ratings. After achieving 18.8 mpg‑US (12.5 L/100 km; 22.6 mpg‑imp) in a road test, Edmunds InsideLine stated, "...our testing didn't come close to achieving [the EPA's numbers], even though we're usually within 1 mpg of the EPA combined number. "[17] Car and Driver recorded another 18 mpg‑US (13 L/100 km; 22 mpg‑imp) figure and noted its "...fuel economy that won’t live up to the 22 mpg‑US (11 L/100 km; 26 mpg‑imp)/32 mpg‑US (7.4 L/100 km; 38 mpg‑imp) EPA ratings in real-world use...".[18] Green Car Reports recorded as much as 25.8 mpg‑US (9.1 L/100 km; 31.0 mpg‑imp) on a road trip, driving almost exclusively highway miles in "Eco" mode;[19] this is about 20% below the published highway EPA rating. AutoWeek only averaged 23 mpg‑US (10 L/100 km; 28 mpg‑imp).[20] The Truth About Cars published an editorial suggesting that GM "inflated" the Equinox's fuel economy ratings for public relations purposes and that the trip computer inaccurately reports fuel economy reported to the driver.[21]

text: Motorweek, however, managed to achieve 29.3 mpg‑US (8.0 L/100 km; 35.2 mpg‑imp) with their test car during mixed driving.[22] LeftlaneNews.com was also able to average 28 mpg‑US (8.4 L/100 km; 34 mpg‑imp) average in mixed city and highway driving.[23]

text: Third generation (2018–present)[edit]

text:
Third generation
OverviewAlso called
Holden Equinox (Australia RHD)Production
2017–presentModel years
2018–presentAssembly
Canada: Ingersoll, Ontario, Canada (CAMI) China: Wuhan, Hubei (Shanghai GM) Mexico: San Luis Potosi, San Luis Potosi (San Luis Potosí Assembly)[24]Ramos Arizpe, Coahuila (Ramos Arizpe Assembly)[25]Body and chassisBody style
4-door SUVLayout
FF layout, F4 layoutPlatform
GM D2XXRelated
Buick EnvisionGMC TerrainPowertrainEngine
1.5 L LYX Turbocharged I42.0 L LTG Turbocharged I41.6 L LH7 Turbo-diesel I4Transmission
Six-speed automatic  Nine speed automaticDimensionsWheelbase
107.3 in (2,725 mm)Length
183.1 in (4,652 mm)Width
72.6 in (1,843 mm)Height
65.4 in (1,661 mm)ChronologyPredecessor
Holden Captiva 5 (Australia and New Zealand)

text: Chevrolet unveiled the third-generation Equinox on the autumnal equinox on September 22, 2016.[1] Gasoline-powered variants of the 2018 Chevrolet Equinox went on sale in early 2017, while diesel-powered variants arrived in autumn 2017.

text: The third-generation Equinox is available with up to three engine choices.  Gasoline engines are identical to the 2016 Chevrolet Malibu: a 1.5L turbocharged inline four-cylinder (I4) engine that produces 170 horsepower (12 hp less than the 2.4L engine in the previous Equinox but more torque), a 2.0L turbocharged I4 engine that produces 252 horsepower (48 hp less than the 3.6L V6 engine in the previous Equinox), or a 1.6L turbo-diesel I4 engine that produces 136 horsepower (the latter will also be available in future Chevrolet Cruze models as well). The 3.6L V6 engine option did not carry on to the third generation. The 2.0L unit will also be paired with a nine-speed automatic transmission.

text: New safety features introduced in the third-generation Equinox include a surround-view camera, forward collision warning, low-speed automatic braking, a Safety Alert Seat that uses vibration pulses to help alert the driver and avoid crashes, as well as a Rear Seat Alert system that alerts drivers who had opened the back door at the start of a trip to check the back seat once they get to their destination, a feature first introduced on the 2017 GMC Acadia.[26]

text: The third-generation Equinox also introduced new AWD system from GKN Driveline, which allows the driver to disengage the driveshaft to reduce friction and rotational inertia during the times the AWD is not needed.[27]

text: Trim levels[edit]

text: Chevrolet has released preliminary specifications for the 2018 Equinox. The third-generation Equinox will be available in four distinct trim levels: L, LS, LT, and Premier, all of which in the United States will only offer a single engine option (1.5L Turbocharged Inline Four-Cylinder: I4). Each trim level will feature its own list of standard equipment:[28]

text: L/1SM: 1.5L Turbocharged Inline Four-Cylinder (I4) engine, six-speed automatic transmission, Seventeen-inch all-season tires, seventeen-inch aluminum alloy wheels, Chevrolet MyLink infotainment system (Seven-inch (7.0") color touch-screen display, AM/FM radio, Bluetooth with A2DP wireless streaming stereo audio, Apple CarPlay and Android Auto, USB integration, and OnStar 4G LTE connectivity), rear view backup camera system, six-speaker audio system, power windows and door locks, keyless entry, keyless access system, keyless ignition with push-button start,  and premium cloth seating surfaces. There are no available options for this trim, being the "base" Chevrolet Equinox trim. The base trim is available only with Front-Wheel-Drive (FWD).

text: LS/1LS: Sixteen-inch compact spare tire with steel spare wheel. Available options are limited for this trim, being one of the less-expensive Chevrolet Equinox trims.

text: LT/1LT: SiriusXM Satellite Radio, power-adjustable front driver's bucket seat, remote start, High Intensity Discharge (HID) front head lamps, and leather-wrapped transmission gear selector. Available options include an eight-inch (8.0") Chevrolet MyLink infotainment system, and advanced driver assistance technologies.

text: Premier/1LZ: Eighteen-inch all-season tires, Eighteen-inch aluminum alloy wheels Chevrolet MyLink infotainment system (Eight-inch (8.0") color touch-screen display, AM-FM radio, HD Radio, SiriusXM Satellite Radio, Bluetooth with A2DP streaming stereo audio, Apple CarPlay and Android Auto, wireless charging capabilities, USB integration, and OnStar 4G LTE connectivity), remote vehicle starter system, leather-trimmed seating surfaces, heated dual front bucket seats, rear park assist system, leather-wrapped steering wheel, front-mounted fog lamps, LED front headlamps and LED rear tail lamps, and power rear tailgate. Available options include a GPS navigation radio, a Bose premium seven-speaker audio system, and advanced driver assistance technologies.

text: Also there will be one appearance package available on the Equinox known as the Redline Edition. The Redline Edition is only available on the LT trim without the panoramic sunroof or diesel engine. The Redline Edition will be available in October 2017.

text: Engines[edit]

text:
Model Year

Type/model

Power

Torque

2018– (all markets)

1.5 L (91 cu in) LYX turbo I4

170 hp (127 kW) @5600 rpm

203 lb⋅ft (275 N⋅m) @2000–4000 rpm

2018– (select markets)

2.0 L (122 cu in) LTG turbo I4

252 hp (188 kW) @5500 rpm

260 lb⋅ft (353 N⋅m) @2500–4500 rpm

2018– (select markets)

1.6 L (98 cu in) LH7 turbo-diesel I4

137 hp (102 kW) @3750 rpm

240 lb⋅ft (325 N⋅m) @2000 rpm

text: Holden Equinox[edit]

text: Holden launched the Holden Equinox (EQ series) in Australia in November 2017, with the first cars scheduled to arrive in December. It is available with a 1.5 L turbocharged engine on the base LS and LS+ models, while the more potent 2.0 L turbocharged model is available for all other models - LT, LTZ and LTZ-V. The 1.6 L turbo-diesel engine will launch in 2018.[29] It is produced at GM's Ramos Arizpe assembly facility in Mexico, and replaced the Korean-built five-seat Captiva.

text: The Australasian Equinox will be sold alongside the seven-seat Holden Acadia, known as the GMC Acadia in the Americas, rather than the Chevrolet Traverse, which sits above the Equinox in select Chevrolet markets.[30]

text: Fuel Cell[edit]

text: The Chevrolet Equinox Fuel cell vehicle uses hydrogen for fuel with water as its only exhaust. The Equinox Fuel Cell uses the fourth-generation hydrogen technology found in the Chevrolet Sequel concept, which was unveiled in September 2009. The fuel cell is designed for only 50,000 miles (80,000 km) of driving, but is engineered to be operable in subfreezing temperatures throughout its life. GM states that the Equinox Fuel Cell is about 500 pounds (230 kg) heavier than the original Equinox and has one inch less ground clearance. To reduce weight, it has aluminum doors and a carbon fiber hood. It uses headlights from the Pontiac Torrent.[citation needed]

text: A dashboard mounted screen calculates the fuel savings to that of a gasoline-powered Equinox. It also includes a kilowatt meter and a fuel cell energy display. The fuel cell has four vapor outlets that replace the exhaust pipe. Three carbon-fiber fuel tanks store up to a maximum of 9.25 pounds (4.2 kg) of gaseous hydrogen at 10,000 psi (70 MPa), and give the Equinox a range of 200 miles (320 km). The Equinox Fuel Cell is certified by the EPA as a zero-emission vehicle (ZEV). GM built 115 Chevrolet Equinox Fuel Cell vehicles and deployed them in 2007–2008 in several target areas including New York and California as part of a comprehensive plan dubbed "Project Driveway".[31]

text: The Equinox Fuel Cell includes safety features such as ABS, traction control system, and GM's OnStar telematics service, which offers drivers advice on operating the cars as well as information on nearby hydrogen filling stations. The car meets all 2007 federal safety standards.

text: Performance[edit]

text: Motor Trend assessed the vehicle's performance as nearly the same as the 3.6 litre gasoline powered equivalent, while bemoaning the dearth of high pressure hydrogen filling stations near Riverside, California in 2008.[32]

text: Natural gas version[edit]

text: In 2013, Nat G CNG Solutions and AGA Systems announced that they had begun offering a Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) version of the Chevy Equinox and the GMC Terrain using the 2.4 L Direct Injection engine. The natural gas version is a "bi-fuel" CNG vehicle, meaning it runs on either gasoline or natural gas, giving it extended range. The Terrain/Equinox were the first direct injection natural gas vehicles ever approved by the US EPA.[33]

text: Silver Eagle Distributors, a distributor of Anheuser-Busch products, was the launch customer for the natural gas version with an initial order of up to 100 of the natural gas GMC Terrains. CenterPoint Energy was an early customer of the natural gas Chevy Equinox.[34]

text: CNG configurations[edit]

text: The CNG version was available for newly purchased Equinox through select dealers or as a retrofit on 2013 and 2014 models. Nat G CNG Solutions offered the vehicle in two options: a two-seater "cargo version" and a five-seat "passenger version." The cargo version has an 837-mile combined gasoline / natural gas (9.2 gge of CNG) while the passenger version has a 775-mile combined highway range (6.8 gge of CNG).

text: Emissions and performance[edit]

text: The companies claimed that the natural gas version had tested at the EPA lab at 31 mpg highway on natural gas and had achieved a Bin 3 emissions equivalent to the Toyota Prius.[33]

text: Electric vehicle[edit]

text: Amp Electric Vehicles sells an all-electric conversion of the Chevrolet Equinox. They have sold their first electric Equinox to Dayton Power & Light, and had a five-year, 1,000 SUV order from Northern Lights Energy in Iceland.

text: Sales[edit]

text:
Calendar year

Equinox (US)

Torrent (US)

2004

84,024

N/A

2005[35]

130,542

10,303[36]

2006

113,888

43,174[37]

2007[38]

89,552

32,644[37]

2008

67,447

20,625[39]

2009[40]

86,148

9,638

2010[41]

149,979

68

2011[42]

193,274

N/A

2012

218,621

2013[43]

238,192

2014[44]

242,242

2015[45]

277,589

2016[46]

242,195

2017[47]

290,458


document_title: Clark Kent (Smallville)

question_text: when does clark become the red blue blur

root

text: Clark Kent (Smallville)

text: Role in Smallville[edit]

text: Clark Kent first appears in the pilot episode of Smallville as a teen with superhuman abilities that he uses to help others. Clark is adopted by Jonathan and Martha Kent (John Schneider and Annette O'Toole) as an infant, when he crash lands on Earth on the day of the Smallville meteor shower in 1989. Twelve years later, trying to find his place in life after being told he is an alien by his adoptive father, Clark saves the life of Lex Luthor (Michael Rosenbaum), the son of billionaire Lionel Luthor (John Glover), and the pair become quick friends.[3] During season one, Clark struggles with the burden of keeping his powers a secret from those close to him. In particular, he is afraid to open up to Lana Lang (Kristin Kreuk) for fear that she would not accept him if she learned of his supernatural abilities.[4]

tag: p

text: In the season two episode "Rosetta", Clark learns of his Kryptonian heritage, including his native language, his birth name (Kal-El), and his birth father's Jor-El (Terence Stamp) plan for him to rule the world.[5] Fearful that he will not be able to control his own destiny, Clark runs away to Metropolis in the season two finale, leaving behind Lana, with whom he had started to develop a romantic relationship.[6] In the season three premiere, three months later, Clark is brought home by Jonathan,[7] who has agreed to allow Jor-El to take Clark at an undetermined time in the future. In the season three finale, a girl calling herself Kara arrives at the Kent farm and claims to be from Krypton. After Kara predicts that Clark's friends are destined to leave or betray him, Clark decides to leave Smallville for good. When Jonathan attempts to intervene, Jor-El threatens to kill him. To save his adoptive father's life, Clark agrees to go through with his decision to leave.[8]

text: In the season four premiere, Clark returns to Smallville. He has been "reprogrammed" by Jor-El to seek out the three stones of knowledge so he may fulfill his destiny. He meets Lois Lane (Erica Durance), who is investigating the supposed death of her cousin, and Clark's best friend, Chloe Sullivan (Allison Mack). Clark, with help from his mother, regains control over his mind and consciously refuses to look for the stones.[9] In the season four finale, a "great evil" is awakened in space after Clark defies Jor-El's instructions and fails to obtain the three stones of knowledge. With a new meteor shower hitting Smallville, Clark finds the remaining stones and is transported to the Arctic,[10] where the three stones create the Fortress of Solitude.[11]

text: In the season five premiere, Clark interrupts his training to return to Smallville, but when he fails to return to the Fortress before the Sun sets, he is stripped of his powers. In the episode "Hidden", Clark begins an honest relationship with Lana, but is killed trying to save the town from a resident who hopes to kill all of the "... meteor freaks". Jor-El resurrects Clark, but warns him that someone he loves will eventually have to take his place.[12] Clark worries about who will be sacrificed in return for him being saved. In the episode "Reckoning", Lana is killed. Unwilling to accept this, Clark turns back time to save her. As a result, it is Clark's adoptive father that becomes the sacrifice when he suffers a fatal heart attack.[13] In the season five finale, Clark battles Brainiac (James Marsters), a Kryptonian artificial intelligence in the form of a man. Clark fights to stop Brainiac from releasing the Kryptonian criminal Zod from the Phantom Zone. Clark fails, and becomes himself imprisoned in the Phantom Zone, while Zod escapes and sets out to conquer Earth.[14]

text: In the season six premiere, Clark escapes the Phantom Zone — inadvertently releasing several of the prisoners in the process — and returns to Smallville, where he fights and defeats Zod.[15] The other Phantom Zone escapees become Clark's primary focus in season six.[16] He must also deal with Lana's romantic relationship with Lex, which culminates in their engagement in the season six episode "Promise".[17] The season six finale reveals that the last of the Phantom Zone criminals is really a genetic experiment created by Kryptonian scientists. The escapee attacks Clark, cloning his DNA, and becomes Clark's doppelgänger.[18] In the season seven premiere, Clark, together with John Jones (Phil Morris), defeats his doppelgänger.[19] As the season continues, Clark discovers that a secret society known as Veritas was aware of his landing in Smallville during the first meteor shower and, moreover, possess a device that supposedly allows them to control him.[20] In the season seven finale, Clark is confronted by Lex at the Fortress of Solitude. Lex has discovered Clark's secret and possesses the Veritas device, which he uses, resulting in the Fortress collapsing on him and Clark.[21]

text: In the season eight premiere, it is revealed that the Veritas device does not allow others to control Clark, but rather strips him of his powers. Wandering the globe with Russian gangsters, Clark is eventually found and rescued by Oliver Queen (Justin Hartley) and John Jones, with the latter restoring Clarks powers.[22] During season eight, Clark uses his new job at the Daily Planet to access advance information, which he uses to stop crime around the city.[23] In subsequent episodes, Clark adopts the name "Red-Blue Blur" as his superhero moniker.[24] Toward the end of the season, Clark wrestles with the idea of having to kill Davis Bloome (Sam Witwer), a new friend, after discovering that Davis is actually Doomsday, a genetically engineered creature created by General Zod to kill Clark and destroy Earth.[25] In the season eight finale, Clark finds a way to separate Davis' personality from that of Doomsday, and buries Doomsday a mile underground. When Davis subsequently kills Jimmy Olsen (Aaron Ashmore), Clark decides that his human-learned emotions have caused him the most trouble, as it was his compassion for Davis that led to Jimmy's death. He vows that "Clark Kent is dead".[26]

text: The start of season nine reveals that Clark has begun training with Jor-El, which is shown by his wearing his family crest on his chest when in his superhero persona.[27] After realizing there are other Kryptonians on Earth, lacking special powers and led by Zod (Callum Blue), Clark decides to help them adjust to living as humans.[28] When Zod is shot and killed, Clark uses his own blood to bring him back to life, resulting in Zod regaining his Kryptonian powers.[29] Zod enables the other Kryptonians to regain their powers as well, and unites them to destroy the world in order to turn it into a new Krypton.[30] This season, Lois and Clark begin a romantic relationship, while Lois also assists "The Blur" in his heroic endeavors.[31] Clark kisses Lois while he is "the Blur" in the season nine finale and unknowingly reveals to her the truth. Afterward, he convinces the Kryptonians to leave Earth for a new, uninhabited planet. Clark then sacrifices his own life to send Zod through a portal, far away from Earth.[30]

text: Season ten begins with Clark stuck in the afterlife, where Jor-El informs him that a great darkness is coming to Earth. Clark is unknowingly resurrected by Lois, who is now aware that he is "the Blur". Jor-El also informs Clark that he is not ready to be Earth's true savior, as there are inner demons that Clark must overcome first.[32] In the episode "Homecoming", Clark is visited by Brainiac 5, who shows Clark how his past has shaped his present, and will one day shape his future; including a vision of Clark's future self when he has fully embraced his destiny.[33] In the episode "Isis", Clark reveals his secret to Lois only to find out that she already knew he was "the Blur",[34] which is followed in a later episode by Clark proposing to Lois.[35] Clark realizes that in order to be the hero the world needs, he will have to step out of the shadows and into the light. As a result, Clark makes the decision to turn "Clark Kent" into a real disguise — opting to wear eyeglasses and alter his mannerisms to be more shy and reserved — so that the Blur does not have to hide his face to the world.[36] By the series finale, the darkness, which is revealed to be Darkseid, arrives on Earth to enslave all of humanity. Clark realizes that his entire life has been one big trial by Jor-El; accepting his true destiny, the Blur saves Earth from Darkseid's coming Apokolips. The series ends by moving seven years into the future, where Clark and Lois are finally getting married, and Clark has embraced his new identity as "Superman".[37]

text:
"With 'Red Clark' he's completely aware of the consequences of his actions at the time, but he doesn't care! He doesn't care what happens to you, and he certainly doesn't care what happens to himself, because he probably realizes that nothing can happen to him. It's always fun to be that way, even in real life, because we're not allowed to be that way all too often."

 — Tom Welling on the effect of red kryptonite on Clark.[38]

tag: div

text: Throughout the series, Clark gains and adjusts to new abilities, including X-ray vision in season one,[39] heat vision in season two,[40] and super hearing in season three.[41] Clark unofficially flew in the season four premiere, when he was reprogrammed as "Kal-El" by his biological father, but upon regaining his memory he forgot how to use the ability.[9] In season six, Clark gained his super breath.[42] By the series finale, Clark learns to fly.[37] Clark also discovers new vulnerabilities as the series progresses, including "green meteor rocks" or (kryptonite), which he learns can weaken and potentially kill him.[3] Various other forms of kryptonite appeared as the show continued, each with a different effect. Red kryptonite removed Clark's inhibitions.[43] Black kryptonite separated Clark's Kryptonian personality from his human self, creating two distinct physical forms,[9] and blue kryptonite stripped him of all supernatural abilities as long as it was in contact with him.[44] Subsequent seasons also revealed that Clark could be vulnerable to alien weapons and magic.[45][46]

text: Portrayal[edit]

text: In October 2000, producers Al Gough and Miles Millar began their search for the three lead roles, and had casting directors in ten different cities looking at actors.[47] After months of scouting, Tom Welling was cast as Clark Kent.[4] Jensen Ackles, the runner up for the role of Clark Kent, would go on to play Jason Teague as a season four regular.[48] Besides Welling, four other actors have portrayed Clark as young boy/teenager: Malkolm Alburquenque portrayed a three-year-old Clark in the pilot, and season two episode "Lineage";[49][50] Brandon Fonseca played young Clark in the season five episode "Vengeance";[51] and in the season eight episode "Abyss", Jackson Warris would fill the role.[52] In addition, in an alternate reality in the seventh season episode "Apocalypse", a teenaged Clark Kent was portrayed by Brett Dier.[53]

text: The pilot director, David Nutter, was looking through pictures of actors and stumbled on Tom Welling's image. When he asked about Welling, the casting director said Welling's manager did not want him to do the role because it could hurt his feature film career. After a conversation with Welling's manager, Nutter got Welling to read the script for the pilot, which convinced him to do the part.[54] Welling's initial fears were quelled after reading the script, when he realized that the show was not about Clark "... being a super hero ...," but more about the character attempting to live a normal life as a teenager.[55]

text: When Tom Welling auditioned for the role he was not sure how to prepare. While waiting for his turn, he realized that the character is one thing above all else: "... a high school kid ...." To Welling, simply acting like he was a normal teenager, instead of like a super hero, was the perfect way to embody the character. Welling realized that by doing that, the special effects and other production elements would fill in the holes and perfect the character on screen.[55] For one of his auditions, he read the graveyard scene with Kristin Kreuk (the first actor to be cast for the show), and the network thought they had "... great chemistry".[1]

text:
"Honestly, I don't really have too much time to worry about the future. It's almost a blessing in disguise, because in a sense Clark doesn't know what's going to happen [either]."

 — Tom Welling on his lack of Superman knowledge.[56]

text: Welling was generally unfamiliar with the Superman mythology, so much so that when an episode of Lois & Clark: The New Adventures of Superman aired on television, which featured Clark learning about his Kryptonian heritage, Welling immediately turned the show off. According to Welling, he wanted to learn about Clark's heritage simultaneously to Clark learning about it on Smallville. Welling believed that it was important for him to learn with the character, to help him be the Clark Kent envisioned by Al Gough and Miles Millar.[55] The actor believed his lack of knowledge of the Superman mythology helped his performance, because Gough and Millar set up the series so that the previous mythology was not as important.[4] Welling also enjoyed that he was in the same predicament as Clark with neither knowing the future of the character, beyond the fact that he will be Superman. When Welling landed the role of Clark Kent he was sent various Superman-related gifts, including books and toys, which Welling planned to leave unopened until the show was over.[55] Welling was adamant from the beginning that he did not sign on to play Superman, and had no intention of wearing the costume.[57] While filming, Welling was allowed input into how his character responded in certain situations, including moving the scene between rooms, or requesting the director film particular mannerisms to emphasize a specific emotion.[58][59]

text: Character development[edit]

text: Storyline progression[edit]

text: Early in the series, Clark was still learning how to handle his life, by learning to control his powers and find the best solution for everyone. His main priority was to fit in with his friends at school and be an average guy. Initially, Clark's biggest problem was the fact that he could not share his secret with anyone he cared about. According to Welling, "He is burdened with a lot of responsibility. He hasn't been able to choose whether or not he has these abilities. All this responsibility has just been thrust on him, and he has to deal with it. There have got to be times when he goes home and thinks to himself, ‘Why me?' He wishes it could all go away and he could just be normal. That's part of the character dilemma which makes him interesting to play." Welling noted that the show was not about Clark always saving the day, but more about how using his powers "... alienate[s] him from others".[55] Welling reasoned that by the end of season three, Clark had decided that leaving Smallville and going with Jor-El was something that would save everyone a lot of pain in the long run.[38] Welling described why Clark finally gave in to Jor-El at the end of season three:

text: "If you can't fight them, you might as well join them [...] he was choosing the lesser of two evils to go with Jor-El. I think a combination of those two things would probably sum it up. A lot of times in your life, you get to a point where you go, 'I just can't fight this anymore. There's nothing I can do about it, so I better get up out of bed and go to work!' And in a sense, that's what Clark had to do. Somehow he had to try to face what it was that was causing him so much pain—and everyone else so much pain—and maybe he reasoned that by causing everyone else a little bit of pain, he could save them a lot of pain in the long run."[60]

text: A significant moment in the character's story came when Clark decided to play football in season four, providing conflict between him and his father. Writer Darren Swimmer refers to this moment as a "... callback to [Hothead] ..." in season one. To him, when Clark defies Jonathan and joins the team anyway, it signified the moment where Jonathan finally decided that he can trust Clark to not hurt anyone. Writer Todd Slavkin viewed it as Clark finally emerging from his father's shadow.[57] Two more significant moments came during the following season. First, Clark lost his powers when he failed to return to Jor-El to finish his training; leaving him human and vulnerable. According to Welling, "... [Clark] learned a little bit more about what it's like to be human, physically. Emotionally, he's pretty close to trying to understand that. It added more weight to his abilities once he got them back, and it made him realize his responsibilities for what he has."[56] The second moment came in the show's 100th episode, with the death of Clark's adoptive father. The decision to kill Jonathan was made so that Clark could finally step into his destiny, allowing Clark the boy to become Clark the man, as explained by Gough. In order to do that he needed his mentor to die, so that no one would buffer him from the world any longer.[61] Welling saw the series' 100th episode as the chance for his character to evolve and grow.[56] John Schneider saw the same catalyst for Clark's evolution. According to Schneider, Jonathan's death inspired Clark to make the move toward his eventual destiny. Jonathan provided such an example of sacrifice that it leaves a void in Clark. To fill that void Clark would have to become Superman. It was Schneider's contention that had Jonathan not been the man he was, when the time came that the world needed Superman, Clark would have been unable to take on that persona, because he would not realize that the world needed him.[62]

text: Writer Holly Harold noted that the introduction of Green Arrow (Justin Hartley) allowed Clark to mature more in the sixth season. Clark was able to see how others achieved the same goals, but used alternative routes that perhaps crossed moral lines. This taught Clark to start thinking about things from his opponents' perspectives. Ultimately, in season six Clark learned it would be his human side that allowed him to become the hero he needed to be, summed up by writer Turi Meyer as "... soon-to-be Man of Steel".[63] Each season, Clark gained insight into how not to misuse his abilities from the kryptonite-mutated villains that used them for crime. In later seasons, Clark saw how even those that used their abilities for good might still have questionable actions, specifically Arthur Curry (Alan Ritchson) and Andrea Rojas (Denise Quiñones), though Clark did help them take the high road. Those episodes reiterated the effect Clark's parents had on how he used his abilities.[56] Clark also learned that he cannot do everything alone, even though he chose not to join Oliver's team of superheroes at the end of the episode "Justice". For Meyer, season six showed that Clark was still struggling to accept his destiny, but did take steps toward the day that he would put on the cape and become Superman.[63]

text: Characterization[edit]

text: The idea Gough and Millar came up with for their show's version of Clark Kent was to strip him down to his "... bare essence ...", discovering the reasons why Clark became Superman.[1] In Smallville, Clark is fallible, as Gough explains:

text: The thing that we've tried to portray...is that Clark doesn't always make the right decisions, and by not making the right decisions, he brings further consequences on himself. Whether it's running away from Jor-El at the end of season two, or choosing humanity over some sort of Kryptonian mission, those decisions get him in more trouble, and cause more people to suffer, or in Jonathan Kent's case, to die.

text: Welling agreed with Gough's opinion of Clark's fallibility, stating that the mistakes Clark made showed his humanity.[56]

text: Even though Clark could make the wrong choices, season five's "Aqua" helped illustrate the concept that Clark was "... good to the core". The episode showed how protective he could be over someone, even when that person annoyed him. In this case, he was trying to warn Lois that Arthur Curry may not have been the man she believed him to be.[2] This concept was echoed by the Seattle Times' Julia Waterhous, who noted that Clark, despite all his flaws, always put others before himself.[64] Welling's fellow actors also had their own insights into the character. Kristin Kreuk saw Clark as a kindred spirit who was sad, lonely, but also endearing;[65] whereas John Schneider classified Clark as a special needs child.[66]

text: Just like his comic book counterpart, Smallville's Clark Kent was a symbolic representation of Jesus Christ. Established early on, the pilot episode contained a moment when Clark was crucified on a scarecrow post during a high school hazing.[67] The Pittsburgh Post-Gazette's Rob Owen noted the Christ-like imagery of the scene, stating, "Is it any wonder Clark gets tied up there since Superman, too, was 'sent to save us'?"[68] Echoing Owen, Judge Byun identified the same symbolism: "Superman is, in a way, the secular pop culture stand-in for Jesus Christ, a messiah figure for our generation. The series makes this theme explicit in its pilot episode, in which Clark is symbolically 'crucified' in a cornfield. That striking bit of symbolism becomes the central preoccupation of the series; Clark is the savior who sacrifices all for the greater good of humanity, and Smallville shows us how he comes to accept and embrace that role."[67]

text: This was extended to the end of season nine, where Clark sacrificed his own life in the finale, in order to send General Zod and the rest of the Kandorians to their own world. In doing so, Clark fell off a building "... in full crucifixion pose, driving home the point that he is sacrificing himself for the good of the planet".[69] To this point, Cinefantastique's Tom Powers suggested that these images and metaphorical emphasis through dialogue exchanges came across so heavy-handed that a very devout individual might have found them offensive.[70]

text: In addition to religious allusions, the crew used color schemes and camera movements to create their own themes for the characters. Since the show was told from Clark's point of view, particular visual elements were utilized to illustrate a particular characteristic. When he was safe at home the colors used to illustrate the environment were warm and gentle, with an earth tone, while the camera movement was gentle as well. When Clark was keeping his secret, but there was no danger around, the lighting was more neutral, with greater camera movement. When there was danger, the lighting became colder with more grays and blues, and the camera shifted to a handheld, allowing more extreme angles.[71]

text: Relationships[edit]

text: Clark's relationships with the other characters evolved over the course of the show. Clark's relationship with Lex Luthor was symbolic, as the two shared a yin and yang type of relationship. In the pilot, Clark first saved Lex from drowning after a car accident; at the end of the episode, Lex saved Clark when he was strung up in the cornfield and immobilized by kryptonite.[47] His relationship with Lex was tested by his lack of honesty, just like it was with Lana for the first six seasons; the same could be said for Lex's dishonesty with Clark. Both characters wanted to be completely honest with each other, but knew they could not, which inhibited their friendship.[55]

text: His relationship with Lana Lang was one of Smallville's central relationships. When Clark and Lana met in the cemetery, Clark realized that he had found someone who understood him, who he could talk to, even though it was not in as strong a way as he would have liked. Although Clark felt close to Lana, his fear that she would "... kick him out of her life ..." if she learned his secret — that he came in the meteor shower that killed her parents — was strong enough to keep him from becoming as close to her as he wished. The lack of honesty caused issues between them.[55] Judge Byun wondered how this Clark Kent would have room in his heart for Lois Lane later in life, as he had bounced back and forth between Lana and Chloe in the first season.[67]

text: With Lana's boyfriend gone by season two, the door opened for Clark, but Welling stated he understood why the producers continued to keep Clark and Lana apart, even after Whitney's departure: "There's the cliché that television shows with a main love interest fail once they get it together."[38] After briefly being together at the beginning of the fifth season, Clark's upbringing was not enough to help him cope with the loss of Lana to Lex toward the end of season five. Welling admits that Clark had learned to let Lana make her own choices and not stand in her way, but his problem with her relationship with Lex was that Lex is a dangerous individual and it put Lana's safety in jeopardy. Apart from that, Clark had learned to walk the lonely road of a hero.[56] His inability to cope with Lana moving on with Lex was carried over to season six. This season was the time the writers put Clark through an emotional wringer when they had Lana accept Lex's marriage proposal. For writer Kelly Souders, this presented Clark's worst fear: the woman he loved was marrying his worst enemy.[63]

text: Apart from Lana, Clark had a growing relationship with Lois. Season five saw the melting of the ice between the two characters, who continued to butt heads. Executive producer Darren Swimmer believed that the audience could finally start to see a growing attraction between the two, and the fact that both would be there for the other in a time of need. Erica Durance believed that Lois in season five, because of her self-imposed walls, laughed off any notion that she had a romantic interest in Clark, even if that notion was true.[72] In season six, Durance described the relationship between Lois and Clark as something neither character wanted to put an official label on. Instead, Durance believed that, by that point in the series, Clark and Lois were satisfied with identifying with a "brother and sister friendship" label, rather than trying to discover how each truly feels.[73] By season eight, Durance noted that Lois was starting to accept the idea that she may be in love with Clark more than she had been with anyone else in her life.[74] His relationship with Lois was included in TV Guide's list of the best TV couples of all time.[75]

text: Costume[edit]

text: For most of the series, Clark did not wear any sort of costume when in his superhero persona. From seasons one through eight, Clark was typically dressed in either red, yellow and blue (the traditional colors of the Superman costume), or in the All-American colors of red, white, and blue.[71] This included the primary usage of either a blue T-shirt underneath a red jacket, or a red T-shirt worn under a blue jacket.[76] In season nine, the producers decided to design an actual costume for Clark to wear while patrolling the streets of Metropolis. Abandoning the theme of red, blue, and yellow, the producers chose to keep the costume completely black, save for a silver Superman "S" shield painted on the front. Instead of the traditional cape, Clark's red jacket is traded for a black trenchcoat.[77] This drew comparison to the character of Neo from The Matrix film series. It was also compared to the black suit Superman wore after being resurrected, following his death at the hands of Doomsday in the comic books.[78][79]

text: In the season ten premiere, the audience got its first glimpse of the traditional Superman costume, which was left for Clark by Martha in the season nine finale. Although the suit was briefly seen through a reflection in Clark's eyes in the season nine finale,[80] the suit that appeared in the season ten premiere was a different design. The producers, working alongside Warner Bros. and DC Comics, procured the costume worn by Brandon Routh in Superman Returns, which the team chose over the Christopher Reeve suit of the 1980s.[81] DC Comics offered the suit worn by Reeve, but Peterson explained that it "... just didn't quite fit with our world."[82] According to producer Kelly Souders, "Well, the process was really a group effort. We worked with DC, and we have Alicia Louis, who does a lot of stuff for us at the studio, and who was really instrumental. It took quite a bit to get that costume. There's a lot of sign-offs, it really was Warner Bros. and DC and us working to make it happen."[81] Peterson stated that the costume plays a more prominent role in the final season, with the last scene of Smallville ending with Clark wearing it.[82] Before then, Clark began wearing a new costume in the season ten episode "Shield". Here, Clark replaced the black trenchoat with a red leather jacket, and the "S" shield now embossed onto the chest of that jacket.[83]

text: Reception[edit]

text: In 2002, Welling was nominated for his first Saturn Award for Best Actor in a Television series, for his portrayal of Clark Kent in Smallville.[84] Following that, Welling was nominated another four consecutive years, 2003 to 2006, for the Saturn Award for Best Actor in a Television series.[85][86][87][88] The same year he was nominated for his first Saturn Award, Welling won a Teen Choice Award for Choice Breakout TV Star, Male.[89] Although he has not won a Teen Choice Award since, just like with the Saturn Awards, he has been nominated for Choice Actor in television for the four consecutive years after his win, 2003 to 2006,[90][91][92][93] Although not nominated in 2007, he did receive a nomination in 2008 and 2009 for Choice Male in an Action/Adventure series.[94][95] Welling was also nominated for the 2006 Teen Choice Awards for Most Beautiful Couple (TV — Choice Chemistry), with his co-star Kristin Kreuk.[96] In the 2009 Teen Choice Awards, Tom Welling received the award for Choice TV Actor — Action Adventure.[97] Welling was included in TV Guide's list of "TV's Sexiest Crime Fighters".[98]

text: Bryan Byun, of DVD Verdict, believes that Welling was the perfect choice for Clark Kent: "I can't imagine a more ideal actor to play this superpowered farm boy than Tom Welling, with his wholesome, honest face and heroic good looks—Welling not only resembles Christopher Reeve physically, but has all of the earnest charm that made Reeve the quintessential Superman."[67] The Free Lance–Star's Ron Hedelt likened Welling's performances as Clark Kent to that of Christopher Reeve's performances in the Superman films, stating that Welling manages to portray a "... sweet, unassuming teenager ..." while showing Clark struggle with the truth about himself.[99] Comics2Film's Rob Worley also wrote of the physical resemblance Welling has to Christopher Reeve, noting that the actor gave the character depth with his convincing portrayal of Clark's longing to fit in.[100] When comparing Smallville's Clark Kent to Bryan Singer's Superman (Brandon Routh) in Superman Returns, Seattle Times' Julia Waterhous found Smallville's Clark Kent to be the more intriguing character. Waterhous explained that this was due to the inner turmoil of Clark — not being able to tell those he loved his secret — and the fact that no matter what his faults were he continued to put others before himself, remaining "... pure and good ...". She explained that this allowed the audience to become intimate with the character, something lacking in the film version.[64] According to the Associated Press, Welling's popularity as Clark Kent on Smallville had fans of the show wishing he would take the role Routh received in Superman Returns.[101]

text: Other media appearances[edit]

text: Young Adult novels[edit]

text: Smallville's Clark Kent has also appeared in two series of young adult novels. The first was published by Aspect publishing; consisting of eight novels, which began in October 2002 and ended in March 2004. The second series was published by Little, Brown Young Readers, also beginning in October 2002, with a total of ten young adult novels published through April 2004.

text: In Aspect's first novel, Smallville: Strange Visitors, written by Roger Stern, Clark attempted to stop two religious con-men from robbing the town with their kryptonite-enhanced spiritual seminars.[102] Little's first novel, Arrival, chronicled the events of the show's pilot as written by author Michael Teitelbaum,[103] and their second book, See No Evil, also published in October 2002 and was written by Cherie Bennett and Jeff Gottesfeld — who have also written episodes of the show — featured Clark trying to stop Dawn Mills, a young actress, from hurting people who speak badly about her, by using her power to turn invisible.[104]

text: On November 1, 2002, Aspect published Alan Grant's book, Smallville: Dragon, which had Clark being hypnotized into believing that he was a normal, human teenager, with no abilities.[105] Little's Flight featured Clark trying to lend emotional support to a young girl who has full-sized wings.[106] The next Aspect novel, Hauntings, followed Clark and his friends as they investigate a ghostly presence in one of Smallville's haunted houses.[107] Animal Rage followed Clark as he tries to stop an animal rights activist when she tries to hurt the people harming animals in Smallville.[108] Aspect brought in Dean Wesley Smith for their next novel, Whodunit, which involved Clark, Chloe, Lana and Pete investigating the murder of a boy and his sister.[109]

text: Little published their next two books in April and June 2003. The first, Speed, had Clark fighting hate crimes in Smallville.[110] The second, Buried Secrets, followed Clark and Lex as they both fell in love with a mind-reading, substitute Spanish teacher. In the novel, Clark and Lex's friendship was put in jeopardy as the two competed for the teacher's love.[111] On September 9, 2004, Aspect published Shadows, where Clark must stop a girl's scientist father, who has created a monster that is killing people.[112] Runaway featured Clark leaving Smallville and living on the streets of Metropolis with other homeless teenagers. Clark fell in love with one of the girls before eventually returning home.[113] Smallville: Silence has Clark and his friends investigating the appearance of zombies.[114] Little's Greed followed Clark and his friends as they took jobs as summer counselors to disadvantaged youths. Pete tried to abuse Clark's abilities by tricking him into playing in a basketball game, and then betting on the outcome.[115]

text: Alan Grant returned for a second outing to write Curse, about a grave digger who unleashed a 150-year-old curse onto Smallville, and Clark's attempt to put everything back the way it was.[116] In Temptation, Clark used red kryptonite to try and impress Lana and Chloe after they become infatuated with a new, French foreign exchange student.[117] Aspect released their final novel on March 1, 2004; written by Devin K. Grayson, City chronicled Clark and Lex's trip to Metropolis. While in the city, the pair got caught between the Japanese mafia and a secret agent who believed he has found an alien.[118] In Little, Brown Young Readers' final novel, written by Cherie Bennett and Jeff Gottesfeld, Sparks featured Clark trying to save Chloe after she was exposed to a kryptonite fireworks display that makes her the desire of every man. For one of the men, when the desire wears off he decides that he really does want Chloe and kidnaps her.[119]

text: Comic books[edit]

text: In 2012, the series was continued in Smallville: Season 11, a comic book available both in digital and print formats. Every Friday for three weeks in a row, the stories which follow the primary story arcs, were released online and were referred to as episodes. The following week, the preceding three episodes were released as a print comic. Parallel to the main story arc, other story arcs featuring other characters (many of which were part of the future "Justice League America") were released online every fourth Friday, and collected and printed in special editions by themselves, separate from the main story. Written by Bryan Q. Miller, who wrote for the television series, the comic took up the story of the Smallville characters six months after The Blur saved Earth from the Apokolips. Clark no longer fights crime by the alias The Blur, but has been dubbed Superman by the masses.[120]

text: During the season Clark continued his battles with Lex Luthor, who had lost his memory. New characters were introduced, such as Commander Hank Henshaw, a participant in LexCorp's project, Guardian Defense Platforms.[121] In the third issue, Clark confronted Lex, during which Clark inadvertently implied that he knew Lex before his amnesia.[122] Superman and Batman met and battled, but declared a truce, and began working together, eventually becoming friends.[123][124] Clark also reunited with Bart Allen, who was seeking Clark's aid in battling the Black Flash, who, ended up killing Bart during an ensuing battle.[125][126][127]

text: At one point, Clark and Michael Jon Carter (Booster Gold) inadvertently traveled to the 31st century, where they found themselves caught in a war between New Krypton, led by Kara, and an army of xenophobes, during which Doomsday is reawakened, then defeated when all the belligerents form an alliance.[128][129] While in the future, Clark met a child named Bartholomew Allen, causing Clark to suspect he was a descendant of Bart and giving him hope that he was still alive.[130] After meeting Diana Prince, with whom he teamed to defeat Hades and Felix Faust, Clark, as Superman, chose to reveal to the President that he was not a meteor-infected individual as the public believed but was from another planet.[131][132] Later, Clark attempted to rally the heroes and the world to make a stand against the Monitors.[133]

text: Merchandise[edit]

text: DC Direct has released action figures for Clark Kent, along with other Smallville characters.[134] The first set of action figures was released on October 2, 2002, and was modeled after Clark's appearance in the first season.[135] The second series was released on May 7, 2008 and was designed after Clark's appearance in the season six episode "Justice".[136]


question_text: when was established department of environment govt. of india

text: History[edit]

text: Environmental debates were first introduced into the national political agenda during Indira Gandhi's first term as Prime Minister of India. The 4th Five-Year Plan (1969–74), for example, proclaimed "harmonious development [...] on the basis of a comprehensive appraisal of environmental issues." In 1976 (during the Emergency) Gandhi added Article 48A to the constitution stating that: "The State shall endeavour to protect and improve the environment and to safeguard the forests and wildlife of the country." The same decree transferred wildlife and forests from state list to concurrent list of the constitution, thus giving the central government the power to overrule state decisions on that matter. Such political and constitutional changes prepared the groundwork for the creation of a federal Department of Environment in 1980, turned into the Ministry of Environment and Forests in 1985.[4] Although tackling climate change was already a responsibility of the ministry, its priority was raised when in May 2014 the ministry was renamed to the current title of Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change.[5]

text: Organisation[edit]

text:
Indian Forest Service (IFoS)
Authorities

Central Zoo Authority of India, New Delhi
National Biodiversity Authority, Chennai
National Tiger Conservation Authority, New Delhi

Subordinate offices

Andaman & Nicobar Islands Forest and Plantation Development Corporation (Public Sector Undertaking)
Animal Welfare Board of India , Chennai
Botanical Survey of India (BSI), Kolkata
Central Pollution Control Board
Directorate of Forest Education (DFE), Dehradun
Forest Survey of India (FSI), Dehradun
Indira Gandhi National Forest Academy (IGNFA), Dehradun
National Afforestation and Eco-Development Board
National Board of Wildlife
National Institute of Animal Welfare
National Museum of Natural History (NMNH), New Delhi
National Zoological Park (NZP), New Delhi
Zoological Survey of India (ZSI), Kolkata

Centres of excellence

Centre for Environment Education, Ahmedabad
C. P. R. Environmental Education Centre, Chennai
Centre for Animals and Environment, Bangalore
Centre of Excellence in Environmental Economics, Chennai
Foundation for Revitalisation of Local Health Traditions, Bangalore
Centre for Ecological Sciences, Bangalore
Centre for Environmental Management of Degraded Ecosystem, Delhi
Centre for Mining Environment, Dhanbad
Sálim Ali Centre for Ornithology and Natural History (SACON), Coimbatore
Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute,[6] Thiruvananthapuram

Autonomous institutions

G. B.Pant Institute of Himalayan Environment and Development, Almora
Indian Institute of Forest Management, Bhopal
Indian Plywood Industries Research and Training Institute, Bengaluru
Indian Institute of Ecology and Environment, New Delhi
Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education (ICFRE), Dehradun

tag: ul

text: List of environment ministers of India[edit]

text:
Period
Minister

2009–2011
Jairam Ramesh

2011–2013
Jayanthi Natarajan

2013–2014
Veerappa Moily

2014–2016
Prakash Javadekar

2016–2017
Anil Madhav Dave

2017- till date
Dr. Harsh Vardhan[3]

tag: table


question_text: who do you play as in fnaf sister location

text: Gameplay[edit]

text: The bulk of the gameplay in Five Nights at Freddy's: Sister Location does away with the survival aspect of previous games. Instead of remaining in one place and preventing the animatronic antagonists from attacking, the player must move from room to room in order to fulfill a series of objectives that change during each of the five nights. For example, Night 2 requires the player to sneak across Ballora Gallery and reset a group of circuit breakers, while for Night 4, the player is placed inside a springlock suit and must keep its spring locks wound up while shaking off the animatronic dolls (Minireenas) that climb onto it.

text: As in Five Nights at Freddy's 2, when a game ends, the player may be given a chance to play an 8-bit minigame, in which Circus Baby must give cupcakes to children and then bring an ice cream cone to a little girl. Completing this minigame grants access to a secret level during Night 5, a near-recreation of the gameplay in the original Five Nights at Freddy's. Here, the player remains in a security office and must prevent a hybrid animatronic called "Ennard" from entering it by watching surveillance cameras and closing electric doors, all of which consume a limited power supply.

text: Clearing all five nights unlocks a gallery of extra features: pictures and blueprints of the game's animatronics, their making-of, a map of the facility, and automatic access to Circus Baby's cupcake minigame. As of the 1 December 2016 update, clearing all nights also unlocks the non-canon Custom Night mode, which is set in a modified version of the Night 5 secret room. The player can choose from several modes and difficulty settings, facing new animatronics, and must conserve both power and oxygen supplies in order to survive. Completing these modes allows the player to view a series of cutscenes that have been declared as part of the series canon; all except the last scene are in 8-bit resolution.

text: An achievement system exists in the form of four stars, obtained by unlocking both of the game's endings, completing the Circus Baby minigame, and completing the hardest difficulty on each custom night preset.

text: Like in all Five Nights at Freddy's games, failure to defend oneself from the hostile animatronic characters will result in a jumpscare, ending the game.

text: Plot[edit]

text: Before the core gameplay begins, a prologue cutscene is presented to the player, where an interviewer is questioning "Mr. Afton", supposedly the creator of the game's animatronic characters, on certain design choices he has made when building the animatronics. Afton lists several features of Circus Baby, such as her ability to make ice cream and inflate balloons at her fingertips. The interviewer is unsatisfied with this answer, as the features Afton mentioned were not what he was referring to. [1]

text: The player character, mistakenly referred to as "Eggs Benedict" (due to a malfunction in the keypad where he types his name),[2] is a new employee of Circus Baby's Entertainment and Rental, featuring animatronics that are rented out to children's birthday parties; they were originally intended for use in a pizzeria called Circus Baby's Pizza World, but the pizzeria had been shut down shortly before it was supposed to open due to "gas leaks".[3]It is implied in the source code of teasers for the game that both locations are part of a robotics company going by the name of "Afton Robotics".

text: The player is instructed by HandUnit (an AI that helps the player throughout the game) to watch and 'motivate' the animatronics by electrocuting them so they may be used during the day. The player is also guided by the voice of Circus Baby, a female, clown-like, animatronic. It is implied via monologues throughout the game, as well as the ending of the 8-bit-style minigame, that Circus Baby houses the remains of Mr. Afton's daughter, who was previously killed by her in a freak accident.[4]

text: In between nights, the voice of a young British girl, who is presumably Mr. Afton's daughter, is overheard, asking her father if she can go and play with Circus Baby. This is further elaborated on during Baby's third night speech and the mini game, both of which imply the girl went against her father's wishes and was then killed by Baby.

text: As the week passes, the animatronics are taken to the Parts and Service room one by one due to apparent malfunction, later to be taken to the "scooping room". On the first night, Circus Baby never reveals herself despite being shocked twice. On the third night, Handunit sends the player to perform maintenance on Funtime Freddy while avoiding BonBon. At the end of the third night, Foxy ambushes the player. On the fourth night, the layer character regains consciousness in a spring lock suit and then has to hold off the Minireenas while preventing the spring locks from coming loose. On the fifth night, the player is instructed by Circus Baby to enter the scooping room. From there, the player can heed Circus Baby's instruction and obtain the normal ending, or sidetrack to the hidden "private room" and get the alternate ending.

text: In the normal ending, after entering the scooping room, Circus Baby, who is now revealed to be transformed into Ennard (an animatronic made of the other animatronics' parts), reveals that she and the other animatronics have been attempting to escape the complex, but without a human guise, they were unable to do so. However, they lured the player into the scooping room to "scoop" him, and wear his skin. The final scene shows the player character's eyes glowing as he looks in the mirror.

text: In the alternate ending, the player accesses the facility's security office, where he survives the night. The following day, he escapes to his home and watches the season finale of the television series The Immortal and the Restless. After the show ends, however, Ennard appears in the room.

text: Completing the various Custom Night modes on the hardest difficulty setting unlocks a set of 8-bit cutscenes which show a man walking down the block. With each consecutive cutscene, the man is seen gradually decaying and deteriorating with each consecutive scene, eventually turning purple in color (a condition known as livor mortis). Neighbors initially wave to him, but later become concerned and hide as his outward appearance worsens. In the last of these scenes, he regurgitates animatronic parts into the sewer and collapses. However, he rises to his feet again as Circus Baby's voice repeatedly says, "You won't die." [5]

text: The cutscene that follows the most difficult mode ("Golden Freddy") is rendered in the same resolution as the game itself. This scene depicts the burnt wreckage of the Fazbear's Fright attraction from Five Nights at Freddy's 3 and is accompanied by a voice-over narration by "Michael", addressed to his father. He states that he has found "her" and put "her" back together, adding that he should be dead and that he will seek out his father. Just before the scene ends, Springtrap steps into view. [6]

text: Development[edit]

text: In April 2016, Cawthon released a teaser image of the game on his website, entitled Five Nights at Freddy's: Sister Location, featuring a clown-like animatronic, revealed to be named "Circus Baby".[7] Several teaser images followed, revealing different characters and hints at their origins.[8]

text: The trailer for the game[9] was released on Cawthon's official YouTube page featuring new animatronics and a new location. The release date was later confirmed to be 7 October 2016.[8][10]

text: In August, a teaser image was posted on Cawthon's website with the words "Cancelled. Due to Leaks." This was initially taken to indicate that the game itself had been cancelled, due to one of the game's animatronics' voices being leaked, namely Ballora's. However, it was quickly revealed to be a part of the story line, as a fictional news article was found when the image was brightened, discussing how the in-game location had been closed due to "gas" leaks.[11]

text: On 4 October 2016, Cawthon posted on the Steam Community forums, stating that the game has a very dark story line, and that it might not be kid-friendly. For this, he said that he might work on the game for several more months, to make the game and its story more suitable for younger players,[12] which, however, turned out to be a hoax.[13] The game was released on 7 October 2016.

text: On 17 October 2016, Cawthon announced on his website and the game's Steam page that a non-canon Custom Night will be added to the game in December, and that an update for it will be released prior to its original version.[14][15] It was released on 1 December 2016.

text: On 22 December 2016, a mobile port for Android devices was released on the Google Play Store.

text: On 3 January 2017, a mobile port for iOS devices was released on the App Store.

text: Reception[edit]

text: This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (September 2017)

text:
Five Nights at Freddy's

Sister Location

Aggregate score

Aggregator
Score

GameRankings
67.50%[18]

Review score

Publication
Score

Destructoid
6/10[16]

text: Five Nights at Freddy's: Sister Location received mixed to positive reviews from critics. GameRankings aggregated a score of 67.50% for the game.[18] Destructoid rated the game 6/10,[16] while GameCrate rated it 7.50/10.[17] Shelby Watson of The All State gave the game a positive review, citing it to be comparable to the first game's quality, but unlike the first game, never allowing the player to operate the mechanics on muscle memory alone. She writes, "...[E]ach night is so different, it is impossible to get comfortable with the mechanics enough that it feels like second nature. The game changes so much, you are forced to adapt and are always on the edge of your seat, waiting for what is to come."[19]