document_title: 8-track tape

question_text: when did they stop putting 8 track players in cars

text: 8-track tape

text: History[edit]

text: The original format for magnetic tape sound reproduction was the reel-to-reel tape recorder, first available in the United States in the late 1940s, but too expensive and bulky to be practical for amateur home use until well into the 1950s. Loading a reel of tape onto the machine and threading it through the various guides and rollers proved daunting to some casual users—certainly, it was more difficult than putting a vinyl record on a record player and flicking a switch. Because in early years each tape had to be dubbed from the master tape in real-time to maintain good sound quality, prerecorded tapes were more expensive to manufacture, and costlier to buy, than vinyl records which could be stamped much quicker than their own playing time.

text: To eliminate the nuisance of tape-threading, various manufacturers introduced cartridges that held the tape inside a metal or plastic housing to eliminate handling. Most were intended only for low-fidelity voice recording in dictation machines. The first tape cartridge designed for general consumer use, including music reproduction, was the Sound Tape or Magazine Loading Cartridge (RCA tape cartridge), introduced in 1958 by RCA. Prerecorded stereophonic music cartridges were available, and blank cartridges could be used to make recordings at home, but the format failed to gain popularity.

text: Development of tape cartridges[edit]

text: The endless loop tape cartridge was first designed in 1952 by Bernard Cousino around a single reel carrying a continuous loop of standard 1/4-inch, plastic, oxide-coated recording tape running at 3.75 in (9.53 cm) per second. Program starts and stops were signaled by a one-inch-long metal foil that activates the track-change sensor. (Bill Lear had tried to create an endless-loop wire recorder in the 1940s, but gave up in 1946. He would be inspired by Earl Muntz's four-track design in 1963.)

text: Inventor George Eash invented a cartridge design in 1953, called the Fidelipac cartridge.[7] The Eash cartridge was later licensed by manufacturers, notably the Collins Radio Company, which first introduced a cartridge system for broadcasting at the National Association of Broadcasters 1959 annual show. Fidelipac cartridges (nicknamed "carts" by DJs and radio engineers) were used by many radio stations for commercials, jingles, and other short items. Eash later formed Fidelipac Corporation to manufacture and market tapes and recorders, as did several others, including Audio-Pak (Audio Devices Corp.).

text: There were several attempts to sell music systems for cars, beginning with the Chrysler Highway Hi-Fi of the late 1950s (which used discs). Entrepreneur, marketer and television set dealer Earl "Madman" Muntz of Los Angeles, California, however, saw a potential in these "broadcast carts" for an automobile music system. In 1962, he introduced his Stereo-Pak four-track cartridge stereo system and tapes, mostly in California and Florida. The four tracks were divided into two "programs", typically corresponding to the two sides of an LP record, with each program comprising two tracks read simultaneously for stereo (two channel) sound playback. He licensed popular music albums from the major record companies and duplicated them on these four-track cartridges, or "CARtridges", as they were first advertised.

text: Introduction of Stereo 8[edit]

text: The Lear Jet Stereo 8 track cartridge was designed by Richard Kraus while working under Bill Lear and for his Lear Jet Corporation in 1963. The major change was to incorporate a neoprene rubber and nylon pinch roller into the cartridge itself, rather than to make the pinch roller a part of the tape player, reducing mechanical complexity. Lear also eliminated some of the internal parts of the Eash cartridge, such as the tape-tensioning mechanism and an interlock that prevented tape spillage. By doubling the number of tracks from 4 to 8,[8] the recording length doubled to 80 minutes.

text: In 1964, Lear's aircraft company constructed 100 demonstration Stereo 8 players for distribution to executives at RCA and the auto companies.

text: Commercial success[edit]

text: The popularity of both four-track and eight-track cartridges grew from the booming automobile industry.[9] In September 1965, the Ford Motor Company introduced factory-installed and dealer-installed eight-track tape players  as an option on three of its 1966 models (the sporty Mustang, Thunderbird, and the luxurious high-end Lincoln),[10] and RCA Victor introduced 175 Stereo-8 Cartridges from its RCA Victor and RCA Camden labels of recording artists catalogs.[11] By the 1967 model year, all of Ford's vehicles offered this tape player upgrade option. Most of the initial factory installations were separate players from the radio (such as shown in the image), but dashboard mounted 8-track units were offered in combination with an AM radio, as well as with AM/FM receivers.[12] Muntz, and a few other manufacturers, also offered 4/8 or "12-track" players that were capable of playing cartridges of either format, 4-track or 8-track. With the backing of the U.S. automakers, the eight-track format quickly won out over the four-track format, with Muntz abandoning it completely by late 1970.

text: Despite its problems, the format gained steady popularity because of its convenience and portability. Home players were introduced in 1966 that allowed consumers to share tapes between their homes and portable systems. By the late 1960s, the 8-track segment was the largest in the consumer electronics market and the popularity of 8-track systems for cars helped generate demand for home units.[13] "Boombox" type portable players were also popular but eight-track player/recorders failed to gain wide popularity and few manufacturers offered them except for manufacturer Tandy Corporation (for its Radio Shack electronics stores). With the availability of cartridge systems for the home, consumers started thinking of eight-tracks as a viable alternative to 33 rpm album style vinyl records, not only as a convenience for the car. Within a year, prerecorded releases on the eight-track tape format began to arrive within a month of the vinyl release. The eight-track format became by far the most popular and offered the largest music library of all the tape systems.[14]

text: Eight-track players were fitted as standard equipment in most Rolls-Royce and Bentley cars of the period for sale in Great Britain and worldwide. Optional 8-track players were available in many cars and trucks through the early 1980s.

text: Ampex, based in Elk Grove Village, Illinois, set up a European operation (Ampex Stereo Tapes) in London, England, in 1970 under general manager Gerry Hall, with manufacturing in Nivelles, Belgium, to promote 8-track product (as well as musicassettes) in Britain and in Europe, but it struggled and folded in 1974.[verification needed]

text: Quadraphonic sound on eight-track cartridges (announced by RCA in April 1970) were also produced, Ford being particularly eager to promote in-car quadraphonic players as a pricey option. Neither Chrysler, General Motors, nor American Motors of the other three of the "Big Four" American automotive companies however offered a quadraphonic tape player. The format enjoyed a moderate amount of success for a time in the early 1970s but faded by mid-decade. These cartridges are sought by collectors since they provide four channels of discrete sound, unlike matrixed formats such as SQ, which Columbia/CBS Records used for their quadraphonic sound vinyl records.

text: Early karaoke machines[edit]

text: Daisuke Inoue invented the first karaoke machine in 1971 called the Juke-8.[15][16]

text: Other use[edit]

text: Milton Bradley's (MB) OMNI Entertainment System was an electronic quiz machine game first released in 1980, similar to Jeopardy! or later You Don't Know Jack video game series, using 8-track tapes for playback analog audio for questions, instructions and answers as well as digital signals in magnetic tape data storage on remaining tracks to load the right answer for counting the score. In 1978, the Mego Corporation launched the 2-XL toy robot, which was similar.[17]

text: Decline and demise[edit]

text: Eight-track players became less common in homes and vehicles in the late 1970s. The compact cassette arrived in 1962, and by the 1970s the eight-track cartridges had greatly diminished in popularity.  In some Latin American countries as well as European, the format was abandoned in the mid-1970s in favor of the smaller tape cassette which was one-third the size.

text: In the U.S.A., eight-track cartridges were phased out of retail stores by late 1982. Some titles were still available as eight-track tapes through Columbia House and RCA (BMG) Music Service Record Clubs until late 1988. Many of these late-period releases are highly collectible because of the low numbers that were produced and the few customers who ever purchased them. Among the most rare is Stevie Ray Vaughan's Texas Flood. Another is Bruce Springsteen and the E Street Band's Live/1975-85, which was one of the very few boxed sets to be released on vinyl, cassette, compact disc, and eight-track tape.

text: There is a debate among collectors about the last commercial eight-track released by a major label, but the fan/enthusiast internet website "8 Track Heaven" cannot find a major label release past Fleetwood Mac's Greatest Hits in November 1988.[18] Radio Shack (Tandy Corporation) continued to sell blank eight-track cartridges for home recording use under its Realistic brand until 1990.[19]

text: The professional broadcast cart format survived for more than another decade at most local radio stations. It was used to play and switch short brief jingles, advertisements, station identifications, and music content until it was replaced by various computer-based methods in the 1990s. This format survived longer because it was used for relatively short sound loops, where starting from the beginning was more important than other criteria. The endless loop tape concept continues to be used in modern movie projectors, although in that application the spool is actively rotated and not drawn by tension on the film. That too, however, is now being supplanted by digital cinema technologies.

text:
Some independent artists still release eight-track tapes, such as the U.
S. band RTB2, who released We Are a Strange Man in 2011.[20] Also, bands sometimes release eight-tracks as special releases; for example, The Melvins released a limited-time, live eight-track album,[21] Cheap Trick issued a limited edition version of their album The Latest on the format on June 23, 2009,[22] and power electronics solo artist Waves Crashing Piano Chords has released multiple eight-track tapes since 2012, as well as starting an eight-track tape label, H8-Track Stereo. In the book Journals, Kurt Cobain wrote about wanting to release Nirvana's album In Utero as an 8-track tape, but this never happened. Apart from a select group of highly collectible artists, the record club issues, and the quadraphonic releases, many eight-track tapes seem to have limited value to most collectors, especially if the tapes have been misused or appear to be worn. They are however still to be found at some thrift second-hand stores, flea markets and internet auctions.

text: Design[edit]

text: This section  possibly contains original research. Please improve it by verifying the claims made and adding inline citations. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed. (February 2015) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

text: In the Cousino, Eash, Muntz, and Lear cartridges, tape was pulled from the center of the reel, passed across the opening at one end of the cartridge and wound back onto the outside of the same reel. The spool itself was freewheeling and the tape was driven only by tension from the capstan and pinch roller.

text: With a reel turning at a constant rate, the tape around the hub has a lower linear velocity than the tape at the outside of the reel, so the tape layers must slip past each other as they approach the center. The tape was coated with a slippery backing material, usually graphite and patented by Bernard Cousino, to ease the continuous slip between the tape layers. While the design allowed simple, cheap, and mobile players, unlike a two-reel system, it did not permit rewinding of the tape. Some players offered fast-forward by speeding up the motor while cutting off the audio.

text: Muntz's cartridge had used two pairs of stereo tracks in the same configuration as then-current "quarter track" reel-to-reel tapes. This format was intended to parallel his source material, which was usually a single LP (long playing) record with two sides. Program switching was achieved by physically moving the head up and down mechanically by a lever. The Stereo 8 version doubled the amount of programming on the tape by providing eight total tracks, usually comprising four programs of two tracks each. Lear touted this as a great improvement, because much more music could be held inside a standard cartridge housing, but in practice this resulted in a slight loss of sound quality and an increase in background noise from the narrower tape tracks. Unlike the Stereo-Pak, the Stereo 8 could switch between tracks automatically, with the use of a small length of conductive foil at the splice joint on the tape, which would cause the player to change tracks as it passed the head assembly.

text: The cartridges have an audible pause due to the presence of a length of metallic foil, which a sensor detects and signals the end of the tape and acts as a splice for the loop. The foil passes across a pair of electrical contacts which are in the tape path. Contact of the foil closes an electrical circuit that engages a solenoid which mechanically shifts the tape head to the level of the next track.

text: Most players produced a mechanical click when switching programs, although early Lear players switched silently. Because of the expense of producing tape heads capable of reading eight tracks, most eight-track players have heads that read just two tracks. Switching from program to program is accomplished by moving the head itself. Since the alignment of the head to the tape is crucial to any tape system, and because eight-track systems were generally designed to be cheap, this configuration further degraded the sound of the eight-track tape.

text: The Stereo 8 system was fairly simple, mechanically, but presented difficulties in various primary areas:

text:
Capstan wear and buildup. As tape residue, dirt and lubricant built up on the capstan, the tape speed would increase and, since the buildup was uneven, the tape speed would become correspondingly uneven. Similarly, some units were subject to the capstan wear, causing a decrease in tape speed.  Technicians routinely kept a supply of new capstans on hand ready to install into worn decks for this reason, during the heyday of the format. Once the capstan wears only .001" the tape speed slows.  Replacing or resurfacing the capstan would restore operation.  The old "matchbook" under the tape fix while playing, was done primarily because the capstan was worn or polished, and would no longer grip the tape and play it at the correct speed. Replacing or resurfacing the capstan, restores proper operation without using a wedge under the tape.
Head alignment. This was an issue for two reasons: a) Azimuth misalignment results in reduced high frequencies, and b) Head height misalignment allows sounds from adjacent tracks to bleed over, an effect sometimes known as "double-tracking". This is due to the resultant time delay between the left and right channels resulting in a degradation of phase correlation. This effect is enhanced in an 8-track system, as compared to either reel-to-reel or cassette, due to the larger physical distance, on the tape, between the left and right channel tracks. Resetting head height and azimuth is a primary service procedure required, when refurbishing any vintage tape deck. Once set the player will perform accurately. This format, unlike other tape formats, features a movable head with four positions. Among audio service technicians, there used to be a joke that "the eight-track is the only audio device which knocks itself out of alignment four times during each album." When tracking/azimuth is set using a high quality (ex: Columbia) or alignment tape, correct operation will be restored. Some brands of 8-track decks had adjustable tape head thumbwheel knobs on the front panel, so the listener could adjust the tracking, much like the later Beta and VHS video tapes that were adjusted for picture quality.  The listener could then adjust the tape head individually for each tape, avoiding double tracking.
The sensing foil that would allow the tape to switch programs, could dry up, fall off, and the tape would separate, and disappear inside the sealed cartridge.  This was especially prevalent on bootleg tapes, that used cheaper sensing foils.  Had the tape been reinforced on both sides at this point, the tapes would have been much more reliable. Many modern collectors replace the old sensing foil with a more robust, properly reinforced foil. As of  2014[update], rolls of new sensing foil and new pressure pads sell at a steady pace on eBay and other specialty online sites who cater to the format.
The movement of the head at program switch point could sometimes pull the tape up or down, causing the tape to fold over and start playing the back side of the tape.  The tape would continue to play, albeit muffled and barely audible.  Continued playing would flip the entire tape over, so the tape would be wound on the reel inside with the backside showing.  Many vintage tapes can be found with the back side of the tape, facing forward.  The program switch point is often the place where the tapes would be ingested into the player i.e. "eaten", when the tape head moved from program 4, to program 1- its furthest track change movement.  While moving upward the head would grab the tape, fold it over, and when this fold hit the capstan, it would wrap around the capstan and ingest the tape into the player.
The "melted" rubber pinch rollers that can be found in many early 8-Track cartridges were the result of the rubber not being fully cured. After discovering this cause, later cartridges used only fully cured (hard) rubber pinch rollers that did not deteriorate as much over time.
Tape tension was another cause of unreliability. Prerecorded eight-track tapes tended to hold only a single album, about 46 minutes of content, or 11.5 minutes per track. Consumers wanted the ability to record more music on a single cartridge, so manufacturers came out with units of greater capacity, i.e. 60 and 90 minutes tapes.  A few 100 minutes tapes do exist. With the corresponding increase in tape length, there was a greater velocity differential between the tape being drawn from the center of the reel and the tape being fed back to the outer edge of the reel as it passed the capstan/pinch-roller assembly (loop length). A 90-minute tape also exerts more drag on the tape deck motor, making a large AC 120 volt motor imperative to play the longest tapes.  Over time, cheaper tapes may tighten, making it more difficult to feed, and to maintain a constant playback speed. Once a tape sheds most of its graphite backing, it will bind up and the tape won't play.

text: When the sliding tape pack would pull itself tight, for whatever reason, a jammed 8-track cartridge was the result. A quick solution was to hold the cartridge in one hand, facing down, while pulling out a section of, about 4-6' in length from the outer winding side. A quick tug on the tape would cause it to immediately wind in and the result was a loosened up tape pack that would play correctly.

text: Failing that, another solution was to open the cartridge, cut the tape at the splice, and relieve the excess tension by manually unwinding one or two sections from the outer edge of tape (loop length) while keeping the reel stationary, then re-splicing the tape, with a fresh piece of foil. Another, simpler fix was to shake the cassette in the plane of the tape reel with a rotary motion, sometimes this would cause the windings inside to rotate and loosen. If the cartridge has shed its graphite backing, it would have to be discarded. Small businesses that specialize in transferring audio tapes to digital format can remove the tape from the surrounding plastic cartridge box and play it on a small reel-to-reel player to extract maximum sound fidelity.

text: A decrease in the quality of the parts used in the eight-track cartridge, that is, plastic pinch rollers, lubricant quality and quantity, etc., was another blow to the faltering format. As these problems further reduced the reliability, sound quality, and consistent tape speed, the eight-track eventually developed a reputation for being unreliable.

text: Composition[edit]

text: The Stereo 8 introduced the problem of dividing up the programming intended for a two-sided LP record into four programs. Often this resulted in songs being split into two parts (the split was often made during an instrumental break or a repeated chorus), song orders being reshuffled, shorter songs being repeated, and songs separated by long passages of silence. Some eight-tracks included extra musical content to fill in time such as a piano solo on Lou Reed's Berlin, extra verses on The Rolling Stones' Some Girls and a guitar solo in Pink Floyd's Animals.

text: In rare instances, an eight-track was able to be arranged exactly like the record album version, without any song breaks. Examples of this are Quadrophenia by The Who, and some versions of Days of Future Passed by The Moody Blues. Other examples of this rarity are Freeways by Bachman-Turner Overdrive, Live - Bursting Out by Jethro Tull, Live Bullet and Nine Tonight by Bob Seger and the Silver Bullet Band, Caught Live + 5 by The Moody Blues, The Concert in Central Park by Simon & Garfunkel, Layla and Other Assorted Love Songs by Derek and The Dominoes, Octave by The Moody Blues, the US version of Three Sides Live by Genesis, Pictures at Eleven by Robert Plant and Coda by Led Zeppelin (a record club only release).


document_title: DeWalt

question_text: when was dewalt bought by black and decker

root

text: DeWalt

text: History[edit]

text: The original company was started in 1923 by Raymond E. DeWalt, the inventor of the radial arm saw. The company grew quickly and was reorganized and re-incorporated in 1947 as DeWalt Inc.

tag: p

text: After buying the company in 1949, American Machine & Foundry Co., Inc. sold it to Black & Decker in 1960.

text: Black & Decker divested itself of the radial arm saw manufacturing branch in 1989, selling it to two executives. Radial arm saws that use the original DeWalt design can still be obtained from the Original Saw Co.[2]

text: In 1992, Black & Decker started a major effort to rebrand its professional quality and high-end power tools to DeWalt. Currently, DeWalt manufactures and sells more than 200 different power hand-tools and 800 accessories. In 1994, DeWalt took over the German wood-working power tool producer ELU. DeWalt increased their line of tools using ELU's technology. DeWalt is now a popular brand of tools for commercial contractors.

text: In 2004, Black and Decker bought rival power tool manufacturer Porter-Cable and combined it with DeWalt in Jackson, Tennessee.[3]

text: In 2011, DeWalt launched a line of contractors' hand tools (including utility knives, pliers, adjustable wrenches, tape measures, saws, and hammers).[4] In 2013, the line was expanded to include mechanics' tools (wrenches, ratchets, and sockets).[5][6]

text: In 2013, DeWalt issued a press release stating it would be bringing some assembly of a small selection of their products to the US using globally manufactured parts from Brazil, China, the Czech Republic, Italy, Mexico, the UK, and the US. The products assembled in the US would be branded under the label, "Built in the USA with global materials."[7]

text: As of 2015, DeWalt has seven manufacturing facilities building DeWalt branded products in the US: New Britain, CT, Hampstead, MD, Shelbyville, KY, Greenfield, IN, Cheraw, SC, Charlotte, NC, and Jackson, TN.[8]

text: In April 2016, DeWalt created an Android-powered smartphone designed for building industry workers. The device costs £379 ($544), is designed to survive a 2m drop onto concrete and can operate in temperatures ranging from −20C to 60C. [9]

text: On September 1, 2016, DeWalt debuted an industry-first hybrid voltage battery pack it branded "FLEXVOLT". The pack runs at either 20V (18V nominal) or 60V (54V nominal) depending upon whether it is placed into a 60V FlexVolt tool or one of their 20V Max tools. The pack switches between connecting the battery cells in series (60V, 2Ah) or parallel (20V, 6Ah) depending upon the activated pin configuration determined by the power tool. [10]

text: Black & Decker[edit]

text: Black & Decker was long associated with lighter-weight consumer tools such as household appliances, and not the heavy-duty equipment professional builders want. In the late 1980s Michael Hammes, executive vice president and president of the company's power tools and home improvement group, introduced the "Acura concept," a notion Honda utilized to enter the upscale automobile market. Black & Decker found it useful to relinquish a name with little appeal to many consumers in the market for construction tools.[11]

text: DeWalt was acquired in 1960 and continued to produce radial arm saws and other large, stationary, power equipment, Black & Decker expanded the DeWalt name and used this to replace their "Construction Grade" trademark in 1992.[12] In a US-wide market survey done by Black & Decker before its reintroduction, the name DeWalt was recognized by 70 percent of tradesmen. The black and yellow DeWalt design, often associated with safety equipment and advertised on display, helped propel Black & Decker's profits to new heights.

text: Racing[edit]

text: DeWalt Tools sponsored NASCAR driver Matt Kenseth from 1999 through to the 2009 season. In this time period, Kenseth won 18 races, the 2000 Sprint Cup Rookie of the Year Award, 2003 Sprint Cup Series Championship, 2004 Sprint Cup All Star Race and the 2009 Daytona 500. However, in July 2009, DeWalt announced that they would not be renewing their sponsorship deal with Kenseth and Roush Fenway Racing due to the poor economic conditions in the construction industry. DeWalt had also sponsored MotoGP rider, Ben Spies, for the 2010 racing season. DeWalt returned to NASCAR sponsorship in 2011, but on the #9 Richard Petty Motorsports Ford Fusion driven by Marcos Ambrose. This sponsorship ended after 2014, when Ambrose departed the Sprint Cup Series, with DeWalt choosing to re-unite with Kenseth, who now drives the #20 for Joe Gibbs Racing, for six races in 2015 and 15 races in 2017 and beyond.

text: Gallery[edit]

text:
A DeWalt screw gun, used for countersinking drywall screws.

A DeWalt circular saw.

A DeWalt hammer drill.

A DeWalt impact driver.

DeWalt tools on sale in China

tag: ul


document_title: NBA post-season records

question_text: who has the record for most 3 pointers in a finals game

question_tokens: who has the record for most 3 pointers in a finals game

text: NBA post-season records

text: Playoff records[edit]

text: Game[edit]

text: Most minutes in a game

text: 67 by Red Rocha and Paul Seymour, Syracuse Nationals at Boston Celtics on March 21, 1953 (4 OT)

text: Most points in a playoff game

text: 63 by Michael Jordan, Chicago Bulls at Boston Celtics on April 20, 1986 (2 OT)

text: Most points in a half

text: 39 by Sleepy Floyd, Golden State Warriors vs. Los Angeles Lakers on May 10, 1987 (2nd) [1]

text: Most points in a quarter

text: 29 by Sleepy Floyd, Golden State Warriors vs. Los Angeles Lakers on May 10, 1987 (4th)

text: Most points in an overtime period

text: 17 by Stephen Curry, Golden State Warriors vs. Portland Trail Blazers on May 9, 2016

text: Note: this exceeds the regular season record of 16 by Gilbert Arenas

text: Most field goals made in a game

text:
24 by Wilt Chamberlain, Philadelphia Warriors vs. Syracuse Nationals on March 14, 1960
24 by John Havlicek, Boston Celtics vs. Atlanta Hawks on April 1, 1973
24 by Michael Jordan, Chicago Bulls vs. Cleveland Cavaliers on May 1, 1988

text: Most field goals made in a game, no misses

text:
12 by Larry McNeill, Kansas City–Omaha Kings vs. Chicago Bulls on April 13, 1975
12 by Nenê, Houston Rockets vs. Oklahoma City Thunder on April 23, 2017

text: Most field goals attempted in a game

text:
48 by Wilt Chamberlain, Philadelphia Warriors vs. Syracuse Nationals on March 22, 1962
48 by Rick Barry, San Francisco Warriors vs. Philadelphia 76ers on April 18, 1967

text: Most field goals missed in a game

text:
26 by Rick Barry, San Francisco Warriors vs. Philadelphia 76ers on April 18, 1967
26 by Michael Jordan, Chicago Bulls vs. Miami Heat, May 26, 1997
26 by Kevin Durant, Oklahoma City Thunder vs. Dallas Mavericks, April 18, 2016
26 by Russell Westbrook, Oklahoma City Thunder vs. Houston Rockets, April 19, 2017

text: Most field goals attempted in a game, none made

text:
14 by Chick Reiser, Baltimore Bullets at Philadelphia Warriors on April 10, 1948
14 by Dennis Johnson, Seattle SuperSonics vs. Washington Bullets on June 7, 1978

text: Most field goals made in a half

text: 16 by Dave Bing, Detroit Pistons vs. Boston Celtics on April 1, 1968

text: Most field goals attempted in a half

text:
25 by Wilt Chamberlain, Philadelphia Warriors vs. Syracuse Nationals on March 22, 1962
25 by Elgin Baylor, Los Angeles Lakers vs. Boston Celtics on April 14, 1962
25 by Michael Jordan, Chicago Bulls vs. Cleveland Cavaliers on May 1, 1988

text: Most field goals made in a quarter

text: 12 by Sleepy Floyd, Golden State Warriors vs. Los Angeles Lakers on May 10, 1987

text: Most field goals attempted in a quarter

text: 18 by Russell Westbrook, Oklahoma City Thunder vs. Houston Rockets on April 19, 2017

text: Most consecutive field goals made in a quarter

text: 12 by Sleepy Floyd, Golden State Warriors vs. Los Angeles Lakers on May 10, 1987[citation needed]

text: Most consecutive field goals made in a game

text: 13 by Michael Jordan, Chicago Bulls vs. Los Angeles Lakers on June 5, 1991[citation needed]

text: Most 3-point field goals made in a game

text: 11 by Klay Thompson, Golden State Warriors at Oklahoma City Thunder on May 28, 2016

text: Most 3-point field goals made in a game, no misses

text: 7 by Robert Horry, Los Angeles Lakers at Utah Jazz on May 6, 1997

text: Most 3-point field goals attempted in a game

text:
18 by Ray Allen, Boston Celtics at Chicago Bulls on April 30, 2009 (3 OT)
18 by Stephen Curry, Golden State Warriors at New Orleans Pelicans on April 23, 2015 (OT)
18 by Damian Lillard, Portland Trail Blazers vs Golden State Warriors on May 9, 2016
18 by Klay Thompson, Golden State Warriors at Oklahoma City Thunder on May 28, 2016

text: Most 3-point field goals made in a half

text: 8 by Vince Carter, Toronto Raptors vs. Philadelphia 76ers on May 11, 2001[2]

text: Most 3-point field goals attempted in a half

text:
11 by Gary Payton, Seattle SuperSonics vs. Houston Rockets on May 4, 1996
11 by Kobe Bryant, Los Angeles Lakers vs. San Antonio Spurs on May 13, 2003

text: Most 3-point field goals made in a quarter

text: 6 by Antoine Walker, Boston Celtics at Philadelphia 76ers on April 28, 2002

text: Most consecutive 3-point field goals made in a half

text: Most consecutive 3-point field goals made in a game

text:
8 by Vince Carter, Toronto Raptors vs. Philadelphia 76ers on May 11, 2001[2]
8 by Chris Paul, Los Angeles Clippers at Oklahoma City Thunder on May 5, 2014.[3]

text: Most free throws made in a game

text: 30 by Bob Cousy, Boston Celtics vs. Syracuse Nationals on March 21, 1953 (4 OT) (30/32)

text: Note: this exceeds the regular season record of 28 by Wilt Chamberlain and Adrian Dantley

text: Most free throws made in a game, no misses

text: 24 by Dirk Nowitzki, Dallas Mavericks vs. Oklahoma City Thunder on May 17, 2011[4]

text: Most free throws attempted in a game

text: 39 by Shaquille O'Neal, Los Angeles Lakers vs. Indiana Pacers on June 9, 2000 (18/39)

text: Most free throws made in a half

text:
19 by Magic Johnson, Los Angeles Lakers vs. Golden State Warriors on May 8, 1991
19 by Karl Malone, Utah Jazz vs. Portland Trail Blazers on May 9, 1991
19 by Charles Barkley, Phoenix Suns vs. Seattle SuperSonics on June 5, 1993
19 by Dirk Nowitzki, Dallas Mavericks vs. Oklahoma City Thunder on May 17, 2011

text: Most free throws attempted in a half

text: 28 by DeAndre Jordan, Los Angeles Clippers vs. Houston Rockets on May 10, 2015 (10/28)

text: Most free throws made in a quarter

text:
13 by Michael Jordan, Chicago Bulls vs. Detroit Pistons on May 21, 1991
13 by Dirk Nowitzki, Dallas Mavericks vs. Portland Trail Blazers on April 16, 2011
13 by Dirk Nowitzki, Dallas Mavericks vs. Oklahoma City Thunder on May 17, 2011

text: Most free throws attempted in a quarter

text: 25 by Shaquille O'Neal, Los Angeles Lakers vs. Portland Trail Blazers on May 20, 2000

text: Most rebounds in a game

text: 41 by Wilt Chamberlain, Philadelphia 76ers vs. Boston Celtics on April 5, 1967

text: Most rebounds in a half

text: 26 by Wilt Chamberlain, Philadelphia 76ers vs. San Francisco Warriors on April 16, 1967

text: Most rebounds in a quarter

text: 19 by Bill Russell, Boston Celtics vs. Los Angeles Lakers on April 18, 1962

text: Note: this exceeds the regular season record of 18 by Nate Thurmond

text: Most offensive rebounds in a game

text: 15 by Moses Malone, Houston Rockets vs. Washington Bullets on April 21, 1977 (OT)

text: Most Defensive rebounds in a game

text:
20 by Dave Cowens, Boston Celtics at Houston Rockets on April 22, 1975
20 by Dave Cowens, Boston Celtics at Philadelphia 76ers on May 1, 1977
20 by Bill Walton, Portland Trail Blazers at Philadelphia 76ers, June 3, 1977
20 by Bill Walton, Portland Trail Blazers vs. Philadelphia 76ers, June 5, 1977
20 by Kevin Garnett, Minnesota Timberwolves vs. Denver Nuggets on April 21, 2004
20 by Kevin Garnett, Minnesota Timberwolves vs. Sacramento Kings on May 19, 2004
20 by Tim Duncan, San Antonio Spurs vs. Los Angeles Lakers on May 14, 2002
20 by Tim Duncan, San Antonio Spurs vs. Phoenix Suns on April 25, 2003

text: Most assists in a game

text:
24 by Magic Johnson, Los Angeles Lakers vs. Phoenix Suns on May 15, 1984
24 by John Stockton, Utah Jazz vs. Los Angeles Lakers on May 17, 1988

text: Most assists in a half

text:
15 by Magic Johnson, Los Angeles Lakers vs. Portland Trail Blazers on May 3, 1985
15 by Doc Rivers, Atlanta Hawks vs. Boston Celtics on May 16, 1988
15 by Steve Nash, Phoenix Suns vs. Los Angeles Lakers on April 29, 2007

text: Most assists in a quarter

text: 11 by John Stockton, Utah Jazz vs. San Antonio Spurs on May 5, 1994

text: Most steals in a game

text: 10 by Allen Iverson, Philadelphia 76ers vs. Orlando Magic on May 13, 1999

text: Most blocks in a game[5]

text:
10 by Mark Eaton, Utah Jazz vs. Houston Rockets on April 26, 1985
10 by Hakeem Olajuwon, Houston Rockets vs. Los Angeles Lakers on April 29, 1990
10 by Andrew Bynum, Los Angeles Lakers vs. Denver Nuggets on April 29, 2012

text: Most turnovers in a game

text: 12 by James Harden, Houston Rockets vs. Golden State Warriors on May 27, 2015[6]

text: 40-point scoring duos

text:
45 by Elgin Baylor and 41 by Jerry West, Los Angeles Lakers vs. Detroit Pistons on March 29, 1962
42 by Sleepy Floyd and 41 by Hakeem Olajuwon, Houston Rockets vs. Dallas Mavericks on April 30, 1988
41 by Clyde Drexler and 40 by Hakeem Olajuwon, Houston Rockets vs. Utah Jazz on May 5, 1995
40 by Reggie Miller and Jalen Rose, Indiana Pacers vs. Philadelphia 76ers on May 6, 2000
41 by LeBron James and Kyrie Irving, Cleveland Cavaliers vs. Golden State Warriors on June 13, 2016
47 by Anthony Davis and 41 by Jrue Holiday, New Orleans Pelicans vs. Portland Trail Blazers on April 21, 2018

text: Series[edit]

text: Highest points per game average

text: 46.3 by Jerry West, Los Angeles Lakers (vs. Baltimore Bullets), 1965

text: 3-game series

text:
Most points - 135 by Michael Jordan, Chicago Bulls (vs. Miami Heat), 1992 (45.0 ppg)
Most field goals made - 53 by Michael Jordan, Chicago Bulls (vs. Miami Heat), 1992
Most field goals attempted - 104 by Wilt Chamberlain, Philadelphia Warriors (vs. Syracuse Nationals), 1960
Most 3-point field goals made - 14 by John Starks, New York Knicks (vs. Cleveland Cavaliers), 1996
Most 3-point field goals attempted - 35 by Reggie Miller, Indiana Pacers (vs. Milwaukee Bucks), 1999
Highest 3-point field goal percentage (min. 6 attempts) - 85.7% by Muggsy Bogues, 1997 (6/7)
Most free throws made - 43 by Kevin Johnson, Phoenix Suns (vs. Denver Nuggets), 1989
Most free throws attempted - 47 by Dolph Schayes, Syracuse Nationals (vs. Boston Celtics), 1959
Highest free throw percentage (min. 15 attempts) - 100% by Michael Jordan, Chicago Bulls (vs. Washington Bullets), 1997 (15/15)
Most rebounds - 84 by Bill Russell, Boston Celtics (vs. Syracuse Nationals), 1957 (28.0 rpg)
Most offensive rebounds - 28 by Moses Malone, Houston Rockets (vs. Seattle SuperSonics), 1982
Most assists - 48 by Magic Johnson, Los Angeles Lakers (vs. San Antonio Spurs), 1986 (16.0 apg)
Most steals - 13 by Clyde Drexler, Portland Trail Blazers (vs. Dallas Mavericks), 1990; Hersey Hawkins, Philadelphia 76ers (vs. Milwaukee Bucks), 1991 (4.3 spg)
Most blocks - 18 by Manute Bol, Golden State Warriors (vs. Utah Jazz), 1989 (6.0 bpg)

text: 4-game series

text:
Most points - 150 by Hakeem Olajuwon, Houston Rockets (vs. Dallas Mavericks), 1988 (37.5 ppg)
Most field goals made - 65 by Kareem Abdul-Jabbar, Milwaukee Bucks (vs. Chicago Bulls), 1974
Most field goals attempted - 123 by Tracy McGrady, Orlando Magic (vs. Milwaukee Bucks), 2001
Most 3-point field goals made - 22 by Stephen Curry, Golden State Warriors (vs. Cleveland Cavaliers), 2018
Most 3-point field goals attempted - 53 by Stephen Curry, Golden State Warriors (vs. Cleveland Cavaliers), 2018
Highest 3-point field goal percentage (min. 8 attempts) - 81.8% by Bob Hansen, Utah Jazz (vs. Portland Trail Blazers), 1988
Most free throws made - 51 by Kobe Bryant, Los Angeles Lakers (vs. Sacramento Kings), 2001
Most free throws attempted - 68 by Shaquille O'Neal, Los Angeles Lakers (vs. New Jersey Nets), 2002
Most rebounds - 118 by Bill Russell, Boston Celtics (vs. Minneapolis Lakers), 1959 (29.5 rpg)
Most offensive rebounds - 27 by Moses Malone, Philadelphia 76ers (vs. Los Angeles Lakers), 1983
Most assists - 57 by Magic Johnson, Los Angeles Lakers (vs. Phoenix Suns), 1989 (14.3 apg)
Most steals - 17 by Lionel Hollins, Portland Trail Blazers (vs. Los Angeles Lakers), 1977 (4.25 spg)
Most blocks - 23 by Hakeem Olajuwon, Houston Rockets (vs. Los Angeles Lakers), 1990 (5.75 bpg)

text: 5-game series

text:
Most points - 226 by Michael Jordan, Chicago Bulls (vs. Cleveland Cavaliers), 1988 (45.2 ppg)
Most field goals made - 86 by Michael Jordan, Chicago Bulls (vs. Philadelphia 76ers), 1990
Most field goals attempted - 162 by Allen Iverson, Philadelphia 76ers (vs. Los Angeles Lakers), 2001
Most 3-point field goals made - 27 by Stephen Curry, Golden State Warriors (vs. Houston Rockets), 2015
Most 3-point field goals attempted - 55 by Stephen Curry, Golden State Warriors (vs. Houston Rockets), 2015
Highest 3-point field goal percentage (min. 10 attempts) - 80.0% by Byron Scott, Los Angeles Lakers (vs. Golden State Warriors), 1991
Most free throws made - 62 by Oscar Robertson, Cincinnati Royals (vs. Philadelphia Warriors), 1964
Most free throws attempted - 79 by Karl Malone, Utah Jazz (vs. Los Angeles Clippers), 1992
Most rebounds - 160 by Wilt Chamberlain, Philadelphia 76ers (vs. Boston Celtics), 1967 (32.0 rpg)
Most offensive rebounds - 36 by Larry Smith, Golden State Warriors (vs. Los Angeles Lakers), 1987
Most assists - 85 by Magic Johnson, Los Angeles Lakers (vs. Portland Trail Blazers), 1985 (17.0 apg)
Most steals - 21 by Micheal Ray Richardson, New Jersey Nets (vs. Philadelphia 76ers), 1984; Baron Davis, Charlotte Hornets (vs. New Jersey Nets), 2002 (4.2 spg)
Most blocks - 31 by Dikembe Mutombo, Denver Nuggets (vs. Seattle SuperSonics), 1994 (6.2 bpg)

text: 6-game series

text:
Most points - 278 by Jerry West, Los Angeles Lakers (vs. Baltimore Bullets), 1965 (46.3 ppg)
Most field goals made - 101 by Michael Jordan, Chicago Bulls (vs. Phoenix Suns), 1993
Most field goals attempted - 235 by Rick Barry, San Francisco Warriors (vs. Philadelphia 76ers), 1967
Most 3-point field goals made - 26 by Stephen Curry, Golden State Warriors (vs. Memphis Grizzlies), 2015
Most 3-point field goals attempted - 52 by Stephen Curry, Golden State Warriors (vs. Memphis Grizzlies), 2015
Highest 3-point field goal percentage (min. 12 attempts) - 66.7% by Danny Ainge, Phoenix Suns (vs. Chicago Bulls), 1993
Most free throws made - 86 by Jerry West, Los Angeles Lakers (vs. Baltimore Bullets), 1965
Most free throws attempted - 97 by Dwyane Wade, Miami Heat (vs. Dallas Mavericks), 2006
Most rebounds - 171 by Wilt Chamberlain, Philadelphia 76ers (vs. San Francisco Warriors), 1967 (28.5 rpg)
Most offensive rebounds - 46 by Moses Malone, Houston Rockets (vs. Boston Celtics), 1981
Most assists - 90 by Johnny Moore, San Antonio Spurs (vs. Los Angeles Lakers), 1983 (15.0 apg)
Most steals - 19 by Rick Barry, Golden State Warriors (vs. Seattle SuperSonics), 1975 (3.17 spg)
Most blocks - 32 by Tim Duncan, San Antonio Spurs (vs. New Jersey Nets), 2003 (5.33 bpg)

text: 7-game series

text:
Most points - 284 by Elgin Baylor, Los Angeles Lakers (vs. Boston Celtics), 1962 (40.6 ppg)
Most field goals made - 113 by Wilt Chamberlain, Philadelphia Warriors (vs. St. Louis Hawks), 1964
Most field goals attempted - 235 by Elgin Baylor, Los Angeles Lakers (vs. Boston Celtics), 1962
Most 3-point field goals made - 32 by Stephen Curry, Golden State Warriors (vs. Oklahoma City Thunder), 2016 & Golden State Warriors (vs. Cleveland Cavaliers), 2016
Most 3-point field goals attempted - 80 by Stephen Curry, Golden State Warriors (vs. Cleveland Cavaliers), 2016
Highest 3-point field goal percentage (min. 12 attempts) - 61.1% by Brian Shaw, Los Angeles Lakers (vs. Portland Trail Blazers), 2000 (11/18)
Most free throws made - 83 by Dolph Schayes, Syracuse Nationals (vs. Boston Celtics), 1959
Most free throws attempted - 100 by Charles Barkley, Philadelphia 76ers (vs. Milwaukee Bucks), 1986
Most rebounds - 220 by Wilt Chamberlain, Philadelphia 76ers (vs. Boston Celtics), 1965 (31.4 rpg)
Most offensive rebounds - 45 by Wes Unseld, Washington Bullets (vs. San Antonio Spurs), 1979; Dikembe Mutombo, Philadelphia 76ers (vs. Milwaukee Bucks), 2001
Most assists - 115 by John Stockton, Utah Jazz (vs. Los Angeles Lakers), 1988 (16.4 apg)
Most steals - 28 by John Stockton, Utah Jazz (vs. Los Angeles Lakers), 1988 (4.0 spg)
Most blocks - 38 by Dikembe Mutombo, Denver Nuggets (vs. Utah Jazz), 1994 (5.43 bpg)

text: Career[edit]

text: Records through the 2018 playoffs.

text: Most games

text: 259 by Derek Fisher[7]

text: Most minutes

text: 10,049 by Lebron James

text: Most minutes per game

text: 47.24 by Wilt Chamberlain[8]

text: Most points

text: 6,911 by LeBron James

text: Highest points per game average (min. 25 games)

text: 33.5 by Michael Jordan (179 games)

text: Most 50-point games

text: 8 by Michael Jordan

text: Most 40-point games

text: 38 by Michael Jordan

text: Most 30-point games

text: 110 by LeBron James

text: Most 20-point games

text: 214 by LeBron James

text: Most 10-point games

text:
237 by Tim Duncan
237 by LeBron James

text: Only player to score 15+ points in every game (min. 25 games)

text: Michael Jordan (179 games)

text: Only player to record consecutive 50-point games

text: Michael Jordan scored 50 and 55 points in Games 1 and 2 of the 1988 Eastern Conference First Round (Chicago Bulls vs. Cleveland Cavaliers).[9]

text: Most consecutive 45-point games

text: 3 by Michael Jordan (May 9–13, 1990)

text: Most consecutive 40-point games

text: 6 by Jerry West (April 3–13, 1965)

text: Most consecutive 30-point games

text: 11 by Elgin Baylor (March 27-April 18, 1962)

text: Most consecutive 20-point games

text: 60 by Michael Jordan (June 2, 1989–May 11, 1993)

text: Most consecutive 15-point games

text: 179 by Michael Jordan. This streak entails every playoff game of Jordan's career.

text: Most consecutive 10-point games

text: Most field goals made

text: 2,457 by LeBron James

text: Most field goals attempted

text: 5,006 by LeBron James

text: Highest field goal percentage (min. 300 attempts)

text: 59.1% by Dwight Howard (582/905)[10]

text: Most field goals missed

text: 2,528 by LeBron James[11]

text: Most 2-point field goals made

text: 2,356 by Kareem Abdul-Jabbar[12]

text: Most 2-point field goals attempted

text: 4,418 by Kareem Abdul-Jabbar[13]

text: Highest 2-point field goal percentage (min. 300 attempts)

text: 59.26% by Dwight Howard (582/902)[14]

text: Most 3-point field goals made

text: 385 by Ray Allen[15]

text: Most 3-point field goals attempted

text: 1116 by LeBron James[16]

text: Highest 3-point field goal percentage (NBA Rate Statistic Requirement is min. 55 attempts)[17]

text: 50% by Bob Hansen (38/76)[18]

text: Most consecutive games with a 3-point field goal made

text: 90 by Stephen Curry (12 in 2013; 7 in 2014; 21 in 2015; 18 in 2016; 17 in 2017; 15 in 2018) (active).

text: Highest True Shooting Percentage (takes into consideration points scored from three pointers, field goals and free-throws to get a measure of points scored each shooting attempt, formula is Points / (2 * (FG Attempts + 0.44 * FT Attempts)))

text: 62.33% by Cedric Maxwell[19]

text: Highest Effective Field Goal Percentage (Similar to FG %, but adds an additional parameter. This parameter adjusts for the fact that 3-point field goals are worth 50 percent more than 2-point field goals. Formula is eFG% = (FGM + (0.5 x 3PTM)) / FGA)

text: 59.5% by Danny Green[20]

text: Most free throws made

text: 1,627 by LeBron James.

text: Most free throws attempted

text: 2,317 by Shaquille O'Neal

text: Highest free throw percentage (NBA Rate Statistic Requirement is min. 125 attempts)[17]

text: 94.39% by Mark Price (202/214)[21]

text: Most consecutive free throws made

text: 56 by Bill Sharman, 1958–59 Playoffs

text: Most rebounds

text: 4,104 by Bill Russell

text: Highest rebounds per game average (min. 25 games)

text: 24.9 by Bill Russell

text: Highest total rebound percentage (Rebound %, an estimate of the percentage of missed shots a player rebounded while he was on the floor.)

text: 21.95% Dwight Howard[22]

text: Most offensive rebounds

text: 866 by Shaquille O'Neal

text: Highest offensive rebound percentage

text: 15.05% Moses Malone[23]

text: Most defensive rebounds

text: 2,053 by Tim Duncan[24]

text: Highest defensive rebound percentage

text: 30.84% Dwight Howard[25]

text: Most Double-doubles

text: 164 by Tim Duncan

text: Most Triple-doubles

text: 30 by Magic Johnson

text: Most assists

text: 2,346 by Magic Johnson

text: Highest assists per game average (min. 25 games)

text: 12.35 by Magic Johnson

text: Highest assist percentage (Assist %, an estimate of the percentage of teammate field goals a player assisted while he was on the floor.)

text: 47.79% John Stockton[26]

text: Most steals

text: 419 by LeBron James.

text: Highest steals per game average  (NBA Rate Statistic Requirement is min. 125 steals[17])

text: 2.36 by Chris Paul (125 steals / 53 games)[27]

text: Highest steal percentage (Steal %, an estimate of the percentage of opponent possessions that end with a steal by the player while he was on the floor.)

text: 3.76% Charlie Ward[28]

text: Most blocks

text: 557 by Tim Duncan[29]

text: Highest blocks per game average (min. 25 games)

text: 3.3 by Hakeem Olajuwon (472/145)

text: Highest Block percentage (Block %, an estimate of the percentage of opponent two-point field goal attempts blocked by the player while he was on the floor.)

text: 7.91% Greg Ostertag[30]

text: Most turnovers

text: 866 by LeBron James.[31]

text: Most Personal Fouls

text: 797 by Kareem Abdul-Jabbar[32]

text: Highest Player Efficiency Rating (measuring a player's per-minute performance, while adjusting for pace)

text: 28.60 by Michael Jordan

text: Highest Offensive Rating (for players it is points produced per 100 possessions)

text: 122 by Earvin "Magic" Johnson.[33]

text: Highest Defensive Rating (for players and teams it is points allowed per 100 possessions.)

text: 92.29 Ben Wallace[34]

text: Franchise[edit]

text: Largest fourth quarter comebacks

text:
29 points - The Los Angeles Lakers overcame a 29-point deficit to beat the Seattle SuperSonics on May 14, 1989.[35]
27 points - The Los Angeles Clippers overcame a 27-point deficit to beat the Memphis Grizzlies on the road on April 29, 2012 with less than 2 minutes left in the 3rd quarter.[36]

text: Rookie and age-related records[edit]

text: In 2006, the NBA introduced age requirement restrictions. Prospective high school players must wait a year before entering the NBA, making some age-related records harder to break.

text: Youngest/Oldest player to play a playoff game

text:
Youngest: Andrew Bynum is the youngest player to play in a playoff game, he logged a total of 1 minute and 52 seconds and missed one shot in the game for the Los Angeles Lakers against the Phoenix Suns at the age of 18 years, 191 days on May 6, 2006.
Oldest: Robert Parish is the oldest player to play in a playoff game, he logged about 8 minutes, grabbed 2 rebounds and missed all three shots in the game for the Chicago Bulls against the Atlanta Hawks at the age of 43 years, 254 days on May 11, 1997.

text: Youngest/Oldest player to start in a playoff game

text:
Youngest: Thaddeus Young is the youngest player to start in a playoff game, he logged a total of 22 minutes and 18 seconds, scored 10 points, grabbed 3 rebounds, and 2 steals in the game for the Philadelphia 76ers against the Detroit Pistons at the age of 19 years, 304 days on April 20, 2008.
Oldest: Kareem Abdul-Jabbar is the oldest player to start in a playoff game, he logged about 29 minutes, scored 7 points, grabbed 3 rebounds and had 3 assists in the game for the Los Angeles Lakers against the Detroit Pistons at the age of 42 years, 58 days on June 13, 1989, game 4 of the 1989 NBA Finals.

text: Youngest/Oldest player to score in a playoff game

text:
Youngest: Kobe Bryant is the youngest player to score in a playoff game, he had a total of 22 points in the game for the Los Angeles Lakers against the Portland Trail Blazers at the age of 18 years, 250 days on April 30, 1997.
Oldest: Robert Parish is the oldest player to score in a playoff game, he had a total of 2 points in the game for the Chicago Bulls against the Atlanta Hawks at the age of 43 years, 251 days on May 8, 1997.

text: Youngest/Oldest player to score a 3-pointer in a playoff game

text:
Youngest: Kobe Bryant is the youngest player to hit a 3-pointer in a playoff game, he had a total of 2 3-pointers in the game for the Los Angeles Lakers against the Portland Trail Blazers at the age of 18 years, 250 days on April 30, 1997.
Oldest: Kevin Willis is the oldest player to hit a 3-pointer in a playoff game, he had a total of 1 3-pointer in the game for the San Antonio Spurs against the Los Angeles Lakers at the age of 40 years, 241 days on May 5, 2005.

text: Youngest/Oldest player to log a double-double in a playoff game

text:
Youngest: Carmelo Anthony is the youngest player to log a double-double in a playoff game, he had a total of 24 points and 10 rebounds in the game for the Denver Nuggets against the Minnesota Timberwolves at the age of 19 years, 331 days on April 24, 2004.
Oldest:  Kareem Abdul-Jabbar is the oldest player to log a double-double in a playoff game, he had a total of 24 points and 13 rebounds in the game for the Los Angeles Lakers against the Detroit Pistons at the age of 42 years, 56 days on June 11, 1989, game 3 of the 1989 NBA Finals.

text: Youngest/Oldest player to log a triple-double in a playoff game

text:
Youngest: LeBron James is the youngest player to log a triple-double in a playoff game, he had a total of 32 points, 11 rebounds and 11 assists in the game for the Cleveland Cavaliers against the Washington Wizards at the age of 21 years, 113 days on April 22, 2006.
Oldest:  John Stockton is the oldest player to log a triple-double in a playoff game, he had a total of 12 points, 11 rebounds and 10 assists in the game for the Utah Jazz against the Dallas Mavericks at the age of 39 years, 33 days on April 28, 2001.

text: NBA Finals records[edit]

text: Game[edit]

text: Most minutes played in a game

text: 62 by Kevin Johnson, Phoenix Suns (at Chicago Bulls) on June 13, 1993 (3 OT)

text: Most minutes played in a game without a turnover

text: 59 by Dan Majerle, Phoenix Suns (at Chicago Bulls) on June 13, 1993 (3 OT)

text: Most points in a game

text: 61 by Elgin Baylor, Los Angeles Lakers (at Boston Celtics) on April 14, 1962

text: Most points in a half

text: 35 by Michael Jordan, Chicago Bulls (vs. Portland Trail Blazers) on June 3, 1992

text: Most points in a quarter

text: 25 by Isiah Thomas, Detroit Pistons (at Los Angeles Lakers) on June 19, 1988

text: Most field goals made in a game

text:
22 by Elgin Baylor, Los Angeles Lakers (at Boston Celtics) on April 14, 1962
22 by Rick Barry, San Francisco Warriors (vs. Philadelphia 76ers) on April 18, 1967

text: Most field goals attempted in a game

text: 48 by Rick Barry, San Francisco Warriors (vs. Philadelphia 76ers) on April 18, 1967

text: 14 by Dennis Johnson, Seattle SuperSonics (vs.  Washington Bullets) on June 7, 1978

text: Most field goals made in a half

text:
14 by Isiah Thomas, Detroit Pistons (at Los Angeles Lakers) on June 19, 1988
14 by Michael Jordan, Chicago Bulls (vs. Portland Trail Blazers) on June 3, 1992
14 by Michael Jordan, Chicago Bulls (vs. Phoenix Suns) on June 16, 1993

text: Most field goals attempted in a half

text: 25 by Elgin Baylor, Los Angeles Lakers (at Boston Celtics) on April 14, 1962

text: Most field goals made in a quarter

text: 11 by Isiah Thomas, Detroit Pistons (at Los Angeles Lakers) on June 19, 1988

text: Most consecutive field goals made

text: 13 by Michael Jordan, Chicago Bulls (vs. Los Angeles Lakers) on June 5, 1991

text: Most 3-point field goals made in a game[37]

text: 9 by Stephen Curry, Golden State Warriors (vs. Cleveland Cavaliers) on June 3, 2018

text: Most 3-point field goals attempted in a game[38]

text: 17 by Stephen Curry, Golden State Warriors (vs. Cleveland Cavaliers) on June 3, 2018

text: Most 3-point field goals made in a half

text: 7 by Ray Allen, Boston Celtics (vs. Los Angeles Lakers) on June 6, 2010

text: 10 by John Starks, New York Knicks (vs. Houston Rockets) on June 22, 1994

text:
5 by Kenny Smith, Houston Rockets (at Orlando Magic) on June 7, 1995 (OT)
5 by Stephen Curry, Golden State Warriors (vs. Cleveland Cavaliers) on June 3, 2018

text: Most 4-point plays made in a game

text: 2 by Ray Allen, Miami Heat (vs. San Antonio Spurs) on June 16, 2013[39]

text: Most free throws made in a game

text: 21 by Dwyane Wade, Miami (vs. Dallas Mavericks) on June 18, 2006 (OT)

text: 15 by Terry Porter, Portland Trail Blazers (at Detroit Pistons) on June 7, 1990

text: Most free throws attempted in a game

text: 39 by Shaquille O'Neal, Los Angeles Lakers (vs. Indiana Pacers) on June 9, 2000 (18/39)

text: Most free throws made in a half

text: 13 by Shaquille O'Neal, Los Angeles Lakers (vs. Indiana Pacers) on June 9, 2000

text: Most free throws attempted in a half

text: 22 by Shaquille O'Neal, Los Angeles Lakers (vs. Indiana Pacers) on June 9, 2000

text: Most free throws made in a quarter

text: 10 by Stephen Curry, Golden State Warriors (vs. Cleveland Cavaliers) on June 4, 2017

text: Most free throws attempted in a quarter

text: 16 by Shaquille O'Neal, Los Angeles Lakers (vs. Indiana Pacers) on June 9, 2000

text: Most rebounds in a game

text:
40 by Bill Russell, Boston Celtics (vs. St. Louis Hawks) on March 29, 1960
40 by Bill Russell, Boston Celtics (vs. Los Angeles Lakers) on April 18, 1962 (OT)

text: Most rebounds in a half

text: 26 by Wilt Chamberlain, Philadelphia 76ers (vs. San Francisco Warriors) on April 16, 1967

text: Most rebounds in a quarter

text: 19 by Bill Russell, Boston Celtics (vs. Los Angeles Lakers) on April 18, 1962

text: Most offensive rebounds in a game

text:
11 by Elvin Hayes, Washington Bullets (vs. Seattle SuperSonics) on May 27, 1979
11 by Dennis Rodman, Chicago Bulls (vs. Seattle SuperSonics) on June 7, 1996
11 by Dennis Rodman, Chicago Bulls (vs. Seattle SuperSonics) on June 16, 1996

text: Most defensive rebounds in a game

text: Most steals in a game

text: 7 by Robert Horry, Houston Rockets (at Orlando Magic) on June 9, 1995

text: Most blocks in a game

text: 9 by Dwight Howard, Orlando Magic (vs. Los Angeles Lakers) on June 11, 2009[40]

text: Most assists in a game

text: 21 by Magic Johnson, Los Angeles Lakers (vs. Boston Celtics) on June 3, 1984

text: Most assists in a half

text: 14 by Magic Johnson, Los Angeles Lakers (vs. Detroit Pistons) on June 19, 1988

text: Most assists in a quarter

text:
8 by Bob Cousy, Boston Celtics (vs. St. Louis Hawks) on April 9, 1957
8 by Magic Johnson, Los Angeles Lakers (vs. Boston Celtics) on June 3, 1984
8 by Robert Reid, Houston Rockets (vs. Boston Celtics) on June 5, 1986
8 by Michael Cooper and Magic Johnson, Los Angeles Lakers (vs. Boston Celtics) on June 4, 1987
8 by Magic Johnson, Los Angeles Lakers (at Detroit Pistons) on June 16, 1988
8 by Magic Johnson, Los Angeles Lakers (vs. Detroit Pistons) on June 19, 1988
8 by John Stockton, Utah Jazz (at Chicago Bulls) on June 10, 1998

text: Most turnovers in a game

text: 10 by Magic Johnson, Los Angeles Lakers (vs. Philadelphia 76ers) on May 14, 1980

text: 40-point scoring duos

text: 41 by LeBron James and Kyrie Irving, Cleveland Cavaliers (at Golden State Warriors) on June 13, 2016

text: Most points in a game without a turnover

text: 41 by Shaquille O'Neal, Los Angeles Lakers (vs. Indiana Pacers) on June 19, 2000

text: Triple-double by opposing players in the same game

text: Stephen Curry (32 points, 11 assists and 10 rebounds), Golden State Warriors and LeBron James (29 points, 14 assists and 11 rebounds), Cleveland Cavaliers at Golden State Warriors on June 4, 2017

text: Most points by a duo in a loss

text: 77 by LeBron James (39) and Kyrie Irving (38), Cleveland Cavaliers (vs. Golden State Warriors) on June 7, 2017

text: Four players score at least 30 points in a game

text:
Hakeem Olajuwon (34), Sam Cassell (31), Houston Rockets and Shaquille O’Neal (33), Penny Hardaway (32), Orlando Magic on June 9, 1995
LeBron James (39), Kyrie Irving (38), Cleveland Cavaliers and Kevin Durant (31), Klay Thompson (30), Golden State Warriors on June 7, 2017

text: Pair of 30-point scorers on the same team in consecutive games

text:
Jerry West (40), Elgin Baylor (36), Los Angeles Lakers on April 8, 1962 and Elgin Baylor (39), Jerry West (36), Los Angeles Lakers on April 10, 1962
Kevin Durant (33), Stephen Curry (32), Golden State Warriors on June 4, 2017 and Kevin Durant (31), Klay Thompson (30), Golden State Warriors on June 7, 2017
LeBron James (39), Kyrie Irving (38), Cleveland Cavaliers on June 7, 2017 and Kyrie Irving (40), LeBron James (31), Cleveland Cavaliers on June 9, 2017

text: Series[edit]

text: Most points per game in an NBA Championship series

text: 41.0 by Michael Jordan, Chicago Bulls (vs. Phoenix Suns), 1993

text: Triple-double per game average in the NBA Finals

text: LeBron James: 33.6 points, 12.0 rebounds, and 10.0 assists, Cleveland Cavaliers (vs. Golden State Warriors), 2017

text: Only players to score at least 30 points in every game

text:
Elgin Baylor, Los Angeles Lakers (vs. Boston Celtics), 1962 (7 games)
Rick Barry, San Francisco Warriors (vs. Philadelphia 76ers), 1967 (6 games)
Michael Jordan, Chicago Bulls (vs. Phoenix Suns), 1993 (6 games)
Hakeem Olajuwon, Houston Rockets (vs. Orlando Magic), 1995 (4 games)
Shaquille O'Neal, Los Angeles Lakers (vs. Indiana Pacers), 2000 (6 games)
Kevin Durant, Golden State Warriors  (vs. Cleveland Cavaliers), 2017 (5 games)

text: 4-game series

text:
Most points - 145 by Shaquille O'Neal, Los Angeles Lakers (vs. New Jersey Nets), 2002 (36.3 ppg)
Most field goals made - 56 by Hakeem Olajuwon, Houston Rockets (vs. Orlando Magic), 1995
Most field goals attempted - 116 by Hakeem Olajuwon, Houston Rockets (vs. Orlando Magic), 1995
Most 3-point field goals made - 22 by Stephen Curry, Golden State Warriors (vs. Cleveland Cavaliers), 2018
Most 3-point field goals attempted - 53 by Stephen Curry, Golden State Warriors (vs. Cleveland Cavaliers), 2018
Highest 3-point field goal percentage - 66.7% by Derek Fisher, Los Angeles Lakers (vs. New Jersey Nets), 2002
Most rebounds - 118 by Bill Russell, Boston Celtics (vs. Minneapolis Lakers), 1959 (29.5 rpg)
Most offensive rebounds - 27 by Moses Malone, Philadelphia 76ers (vs. Los Angeles Lakers), 1983
Most assists - 51 by Bob Cousy, Boston Celtics (vs. Minneapolis Lakers), 1959 (12.8 apg)
Most steals - 14 by Rick Barry, Golden State Warriors (vs. Washington Bullets), 1975 (3.5 spg)

text: 5-game series

text:
Most points - 178 by Allen Iverson, Philadelphia 76ers (vs. Los Angeles Lakers), 2001 (35.6 ppg)
Most field goals made - 66 by Allen Iverson, Philadelphia 76ers (vs. Los Angeles Lakers), 2001
Most field goals attempted - 162 by Allen Iverson, Philadelphia 76ers (vs. Los Angeles Lakers), 2001
Most 3-point field goals made - 19 by Stephen Curry, Golden State Warriors (vs. Cleveland Cavaliers), 2017
Most 3-point field goals attempted - 49 by Stephen Curry, Golden State Warriors (vs. Cleveland Cavaliers), 2017
Highest 3-point field goal percentage - 68.8% by Isiah Thomas, Detroit Pistons (vs. Portland Trail Blazers), 1990
Highest free throw percentage - 100% by Bill Laimbeer, Detroit Pistons (vs. Portland Trail Blazers), 1990, and Vlade Divac, Los Angeles Lakers (vs. Chicago Bulls), 1991
Most rebounds - 144 by Bill Russell, Boston Celtics (vs. St. Louis Hawks), 1961 (28.8 rpg)
Most offensive rebounds - 31 by Shaquille O'Neal, Los Angeles Lakers (vs. Philadelphia 76ers), 2001
Most assists - 62 by Magic Johnson, Los Angeles Lakers (vs. Chicago Bulls), 1991 (12.4 apg)
Most steals - 14 by Michael Jordan, Chicago Bulls (vs. Los Angeles Lakers), 1991 (2.8 spg)
Most blocks - 20 by Dwight Howard, Orlando Magic (vs. Los Angeles Lakers), 2009 (4 bpg)

text: 6-game series

text:
Most points - 246 by Michael Jordan, Chicago Bulls (vs. Phoenix Suns), 1993 (41.0 ppg)
Most field goals made - 101 by Michael Jordan, Chicago Bulls (vs. Phoenix Suns), 1993
Most field goals attempted - 235 by Rick Barry, San Francisco Warriors (vs. Philadelphia 76ers), 1967
Most 3-point field goals made - 25 by Stephen Curry, Golden State Warriors (vs. Cleveland Cavaliers), 2015
Most 3-point field goals attempted - 65 by Stephen Curry, Golden State Warriors (vs. Cleveland Cavaliers), 2015
Highest 3-point field goal percentage - 66.7% by Danny Ainge, Phoenix Suns (vs. Chicago Bulls), 1993
Highest free throw percentage - 97.8% by Reggie Miller, Indiana Pacers (vs. Los Angeles Lakers), 2000; Dirk Nowitzki, Dallas Mavericks (vs. Miami Heat), 2011[41]
Most rebounds - 171 by Wilt Chamberlain, Philadelphia 76ers (vs. San Francisco Warriors), 1967 (28.5 rpg)
Most offensive rebounds - 46 by Moses Malone, Houston Rockets (vs. Boston Celtics), 1981
Most assists - 84 by Magic Johnson, Los Angeles Lakers (vs. Boston Celtics), 1985 (14.0 apg)
Most steals - 16 by Julius Erving, Philadelphia 76ers (vs. Portland Trail Blazers), 1977; Magic Johnson, Los Angeles Lakers (vs. Philadelphia 76ers), 1980; Larry Bird, Boston Celtics (vs. Houston Rockets), 1986; and Dwyane Wade, Miami Heat (vs. Dallas Mavericks), 2006 (2.67 spg)
Most blocks - 32 by Tim Duncan, San Antonio Spurs (vs. New Jersey Nets), 2003 (5.33 bpg)

text: 7-game series

text:
Most points - 284 by Elgin Baylor, Los Angeles Lakers (vs. Boston Celtics), 1962 (40.6 ppg)
Most field goals made - 101 by Elgin Baylor, Los Angeles Lakers (vs. Boston Celtics), 1962
Most field goals attempted - 235 by Elgin Baylor, Los Angeles Lakers (vs. Boston Celtics), 1962
Most 3-point field goals made- 32 by Stephen Curry, Golden State Warriors (vs. Cleveland Cavaliers), 2016
Most 3-point field goals attempted - 80 by Stephen Curry, Golden State Warriors (vs. Cleveland Cavaliers), 2016
Highest 3-point field goal percentage - 55% by Danny Green, San Antonio Spurs (vs. Miami Heat), 2013
Highest free throw percentage - 95.9% by Bill Sharman, Boston Celtics (vs. St. Louis Hawks), 1957 (30/31)
Most rebounds - 189 by Bill Russell, Boston Celtics (vs. Los Angeles Lakers), 1962 (27.0 rpg)
Most assists - 95 by Magic Johnson, Los Angeles Lakers (vs. Boston Celtics), 1984 (13.6 apg)
Most steals - 20 by Isiah Thomas, Detroit Pistons (vs. Los Angeles Lakers), 1988 (2.86 spg)
Most blocks - 30 by Patrick Ewing, New York Knicks (vs. Houston Rockets), 1994 (4.29 bpg)

text: Career[edit]

text: Most points[42]

text: 1,679 by Jerry West

text: Highest points per game average (min. 10 games)

text: 36.3 by Rick Barry (10 games)

text: Most field goals made

text: 612 by Jerry West

text: Most field goals attempted

text: 1,333 by Jerry West (45.91%)

text: Most 3-point field goals made[43]

text: 98 by Stephen Curry

text: Most 3-point field goals attempted

text: 244 by LeBron James

text: Highest 3-point field goal percentage (min. 40 attempts)

text: 52.5% by Derek Fisher (31/59)

text: Most free throws made

text: 455 by Jerry West

text: Most free throws attempted

text: 551 by Jerry West (82.58%)

text: Highest free throw percentage (min. 100 attempts)

text: 93.1% by Dirk Nowitzki (94/101)

text: Most 40 point games

text: 10 by Jerry West

text: Most 30 point games

text: 33 by Jerry West

text: Most 20 point games

text: 49 by Jerry West

text: Most consecutive 40 point games

text: 4 by Michael Jordan (June 11–18, 1993)

text: Most consecutive 30 point games

text: 13 by Elgin Baylor (April 9, 1959-April 21, 1963)

text: Most consecutive 20 point games

text: 35 by Michael Jordan (June 2, 1991-June 14, 1998). This streak entails every Finals game of Jordan's career.

text: Only player to score 20+ points in all games (min. 15 games)

text: Michael Jordan (35 games)

text: Most rebounds

text: 1,718 by Bill Russell

text: Highest rebounds per game average (min. 10 games)

text: 24.6 by Wilt Chamberlain (35 games)

text: Most offensive rebounds

text: 124 by Kareem Abdul-Jabbar

text: Most defensive rebounds

text: 395 by LeBron James

text: Most assists

text: 584 by Magic Johnson

text: Highest assists per game average (min. 10 games)

text: 11.7 by Magic Johnson (50 games)

text: Most steals

text: 102 by Magic Johnson

text: Most blocks

text: 116 by Kareem Abdul-Jabbar

text: Most turnovers

text: 190 by Magic Johnson

text: Most games played

text: 70 by Bill Russell

text: Most personal fouls

text: 225 by Bill Russell

text: Most triple-doubles

text: 10 by LeBron James

text: Franchise[edit]

text: Most titles won

text: 17 by the Boston Celtics

text: Most Finals appearances

text: 31 by the Los Angeles Lakers

text: Most Consecutive NBA titles

text: 8 by the Boston Celtics (1959–66)

text: Most Consecutive NBA Finals appearances

text: 10 by the Boston Celtics (1957–66)

text: Best NBA Finals series record

text: 6–0 by the Chicago Bulls [44]

text: Most NBA Finals appearances without a title

text:
2 by the Phoenix Suns (1976, 1993)
2 by the Utah Jazz (1997, 1998)
2 by the New Jersey Nets (2002, 2003)
2 by the Orlando Magic (1995, 2009)

text: Most Playoff appearances without a Finals appearance

text: 20 by the Denver Nuggets

text: Most Playoff appearances without a title

text: 28 by the Phoenix Suns

text: Most consecutive Playoff appearances overall

text: 22 by the Syracuse Nationals/Philadelphia 76ers, (1950–71)

text: Most consecutive Playoff appearances in one city

text:
21 by the Portland Trail Blazers, (1983–2003)
21 by the San Antonio Spurs (1998–present)

text: Longest active streak of playoff appearances

text: 21 by the San Antonio Spurs (1998–present)

text: Fewest Playoff appearances

text: 6 by the New Orleans Pelicans

text: Most seasons without a Playoff appearance

text: 35 by the Golden State Warriors

text: Most consecutive seasons without a Playoff appearance

text: 15 by the Los Angeles Clippers (1977–91)

text: Fewest seasons without a Playoff appearance

text: 4 by the San Antonio Spurs (Joined NBA in 1976)

text: Best home record (Playoffs)

text: 39–7 by the Chicago Bulls at the United Center

text: Highest playoff winning percentage

text: 0.941 by the Golden State Warriors (16-1) in 2017

text: Undefeated in playoffs at home

text: 9-0 by the Golden State Warriors in 2017

text: Playoffs[edit]

text: Most 3-point field goals made in a game

text: 25 by the Cleveland Cavaliers vs. Atlanta Hawks, Game 2, on May 4, 2016

text: Most 3-point field goals made in a half

text: 18 by the Cleveland Cavaliers vs. Atlanta Hawks, Game 2 in the first half, on May 4, 2016

text: 10 by the Cleveland Cavaliers vs. Atlanta Hawks, Game 2 in the second quarter, on May 4, 2016

text: Largest margin of points in a half*

text: 41 by the Cleveland Cavaliers vs Boston Celtics on May 19, 2017

text: Largest margin of victory in a game*

text:
58 by the Minneapolis Lakers vs. St. Louis Hawks on March 19, 1956
58 by the Denver Nuggets vs. New Orleans Hornets on April 27, 2009

text: Most consecutive wins

text: 15 by the Golden State Warriors from April 16, 2017 to June 9, 2017.

text: Largest average point differential

text: +14.5 PPG by the Milwaukee Bucks in 1971

text: Most double-digit wins in a single postseason

text:
12 each, by the Miami Heat in 2013;
by the San Antonio Spurs in 2014;
by the Cleveland Cavaliers in 2016;
by the Golden State Warriors in 2017.

text: Most consecutive road wins to being postseason

text: 8 by the Los Angeles Lakers in 2001

text: Most points in a game

text: 157 by the Boston Celtics (vs. New York Knicks) on April 28, 1990

text: Most points in a half

text: 86 by the Cleveland Cavaliers (vs. Golden State Warriors) on June 9, 2017

text: NBA Finals[edit]

text: Most 3-point field goals made in a game

text: 24 by the Cleveland Cavaliers (vs. Golden State Warriors) Game 4 on June 9, 2017

text: Most 3-point field goals made in a half

text: 13 by the Cleveland Cavaliers (vs. Golden State Warriors) Game 4 on June 9, 2017 (1st Half)

text: 9 by the Golden State Warriors (at Cleveland Cavaliers) Game 3 on June 7, 2017 (1st)

text: Largest margin of victory in a game

text: 42 by the Chicago Bulls (vs. Utah Jazz) on June 7, 1998

text: Largest average point differential, series

text: +15.0 PPG by the Golden State Warriors in 2018

text: Fewest points in a game

text: 54 by the Utah Jazz (at Chicago Bulls) on June 7, 1998

text: Highest field goal percentage in a half

text: 75.8% by the San Antonio Spurs (vs. Miami Heat) Game 3 on June 10, 2014 (1st half)

text: Highest field goal percentage in a game

text: 63% by the Orlando Magic (vs. Los Angeles Lakers) Game 3 on June 9, 2009

text: Only team to win series after facing a 3–1 series deficit

text: Cleveland Cavaliers, 2016 NBA Finals

text: Fewest turnovers in a game

text:
4 by the Detroit Pistons (vs. San Antonio Spurs) on June 16, 2005
4 by the San Antonio Spurs (at Miami Heat) on June 6, 2013
4 by the Golden State Warriors (vs. Cleveland Cavaliers) on June 1, 2017

text: Largest turnover differential in a game

text: -16 by the Golden State Warriors (vs. Cleveland Cavaliers) on June 1, 2017

text: Most points in a game

text: 148 by the Boston Celtics (vs. Los Angeles Lakers) on May 27, 1985

text: Most points in a half

text: 86 by the Cleveland Cavaliers (vs. Golden State Warriors) Game 4 on June 9, 2017 (1st Half)

text: Most points in a quarter

text: 49 by the Cleveland Cavaliers (vs. Golden State Warriors) Game 4 on June 9, 2017 (1st)

text: Other records[edit]

text: Most NBA titles won by a player

text: 11 by Bill Russell

text: Most consecutive NBA Finals appearances by a player

text: 10 by Bill Russell (1957–66)

text: Best record for NBA Finals series outcomes[45]

text:
8–0 by K.C. Jones
8–0 by Satch Sanders
8–0 by John Havlicek

text: Only players to win an Olympic gold medal, NCAA title, and NBA title

text:
Clyde Lovellette — Olympics, 1952; NCAA, 1952; NBA, 1954, 1963–64
Bill Russell — Olympics, 1956; NCAA, 1955–56; NBA, 1957, 1959–66, 1968–69
K.C. Jones — Olympics, 1956; NCAA, 1955–56; NBA, 1959–66
Jerry Lucas — Olympics, 1960; NCAA, 1960; NBA, 1973
Quinn Buckner — Olympics, 1976; NCAA, 1976; NBA, 1984
Michael Jordan — Olympics, 1984, 1992; NCAA, 1982; NBA, 1991–93, 1996–98
Magic Johnson — Olympics, 1992; NCAA, 1979; NBA, 1980, 1982, 1985, 1987–88

text: Only players to win an Olympic gold medal, EuroLeague/European Champions Cup, and NBA title

text:
Bill Bradley — Olympics, 1964; European Champions Cup, 1966; NBA, 1970, 1973
Manu Ginóbili — Olympics, 2004; Euroleague, 2001; NBA, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2014

text: Only 8th seeded teams to advance in Playoffs

text: 5-game format

text:
The Denver Nuggets eliminated the Seattle SuperSonics 3–2 in the First Round in the 1994 NBA Playoffs.
The New York Knicks eliminated the Miami Heat 3–2 in the First Round in the 1999 NBA Playoffs (lockout shortened season). In addition, New York became the only 8th seed to reach the NBA Finals, but lost in 5 to the San Antonio Spurs.

text: 7-game format

text:
The Golden State Warriors eliminated the Dallas Mavericks 4–2 in the First Round in the 2007 NBA Playoffs.
The Memphis Grizzlies eliminated the San Antonio Spurs 4–2 in the First Round in the 2011 NBA Playoffs.
The Philadelphia 76ers eliminated the Chicago Bulls 4–2 in the First Round in the 2012 NBA Playoffs (lockout shortened season).

text: Awards[edit]

text: Most Bill Russell NBA Finals Most Valuable Player Awards*

text: 6 by Michael Jordan

text: Most Bill Russell NBA Finals Most Valuable Player Awards wins in a row*

text: 3 by Michael Jordan (twice) and Shaquille O'Neal.

text: * This award has only been given since the 1968-69 season.


document_title: Noise pollution

question_text: when is noise pollution added in pollution list

text: Noise pollution

text: Health[edit]

text: Humans[edit]

text: Noise pollution affects both health and behavior. Unwanted sound (noise) can damage psychological health. Noise pollution can cause hypertension, high stress levels, tinnitus, hearing loss, sleep disturbances, and other harmful effects.[6][7][8][9]

text: Sound becomes unwanted when it either interferes with normal activities such as sleep, conversation, or disrupts or diminishes one's quality of life.[10]

text: Chronic exposure to noise may cause noise-induced hearing loss. Older males exposed to significant occupational noise demonstrate more significantly reduced hearing sensitivity than their non-exposed peers, though differences in hearing sensitivity decrease with time and the two groups are indistinguishable by age 79.[11] A comparison of Maaban tribesmen, who were insignificantly exposed to transportation or industrial noise, to a typical U.S. population showed that chronic exposure to moderately high levels of environmental noise contributes to hearing loss.[6]

text: High noise levels can result in cardiovascular effects and exposure to moderately high levels during a single eight-hour period causes a statistical rise in blood pressure of five to ten points and an increase in stress,[6] and vasoconstriction leading to the increased blood pressure noted above, as well as to increased incidence of coronary artery disease.

text: Less addressed is how humans adapt to noise subjectively. Indeed, tolerance for noise is frequently independent of decibel levels. However, Murray Schafer's soundscape research was groundbreaking in this regard. In his eponymous work, he makes compelling arguments about how humans relate to noise on a subjective level, and how such subjectivity is conditioned by culture.[12] He also notes that sound is an expression of power, and as such, material culture (e.g., fast cars or Harley Davidson motorcycles with aftermarket pipes) tend to have louder engines not only for safety reasons, but for expressions of power by dominating the soundscape with a particular sound. Other key research in this area can be seen in Fong's comparative analysis of soundscape differences between Bangkok, Thailand and Los Angeles, California, US. Fong's research methodology was modeled after Schafer, and the research findings show how not only do soundscapes differ, but they also rather explicitly point to the level of urban development in the area; that is, cities in the periphery - in Immanuel Wallerstein-speak - will have different soundscapes than that of cities in the core. Fong's important findings tie not only soundscape appreciation to our subjective views of sound, but also demonstrates how different sounds of the soundscape are indicative of class differences in urban environments.[13]

text: Wildlife[edit]

text: Noise can have a detrimental effect on wild animals, increasing the risk of death by changing the delicate balance in predator or prey detection and avoidance, and interfering the use of the sounds in communication, especially in relation to reproduction and in navigation. Acoustic overexposure can lead to temporary or permanent loss of hearing.

text: An impact of noise on wild animal life is the reduction of usable habitat that noisy areas may cause, which in the case of endangered species may be part of the path to extinction. Noise pollution may have caused the death of certain species of whales that beached themselves after being exposed to the loud sound of military sonar.[14] (see also Marine mammals and sonar)

text: Noise also makes species communicate more loudly, which is called Lombard vocal response.[15] Scientists and researchers have conducted experiments that show whales' song length is longer when submarine-detectors are on.[16] If creatures do not "speak" loudly enough, their voice will be masked by anthropogenic sounds. These unheard voices might be warnings, finding of prey, or preparations of net-bubbling. When one species begins speaking more loudly, it will mask other species' voice, causing the whole ecosystem eventually to speak more loudly.

text: Marine invertebrates, such as crabs (Carcinus maenas), have also been shown to be negatively affected by ship noise.[17][18] Larger crabs were noted to be negatively affected more by the sounds than smaller crabs. Repeated exposure to the sounds did lead to acclimatization.[18]

text: European robins living in urban environments are more likely to sing at night in places with high levels of noise pollution during the day, suggesting that they sing at night because it is quieter, and their message can propagate through the environment more clearly.[19] The same study showed that daytime noise was a stronger predictor of nocturnal singing than night-time light pollution, to which the phenomenon often is attributed. Anthropogenic noise reduced the species richness of birds found in Neoptropical urban parks. [20]

text: Zebra finches become less faithful to their partners when exposed to traffic noise. This could alter a population's evolutionary trajectory by selecting traits, sapping resources normally devoted to other activities and thus leading to profound genetic and evolutionary consequences.[21]

text: Noise mitigation[edit]

text: Roadway noise can be reduced by the use of noise barriers, limitation of vehicle speeds, alteration of roadway surface texture, limitation of heavy vehicles, use of traffic controls that smooth vehicle flow to reduce braking and acceleration, and tire design. An important factor in applying these strategies is a computer model for roadway noise, that is capable of addressing local topography, meteorology, traffic operations, and hypothetical mitigation. Costs of building-in mitigation can be modest, provided these solutions are sought in the planning stage of a roadway project.

text: Aircraft noise can be reduced by using quieter jet engines. Altering flight paths and time of day runway has benefitted residents near airports.

text: Industrial noise has been addressed since the 1930s via redesign of industrial equipment, shock mounted assemblies and physical barriers in the workplace. In recent years, Buy Quiet programs and initiatives have arisen in an effort to combat occupational noise exposures. These programs promote the purchase of quieter tools and equipment and encourage manufacturers to design quieter equipment.[22] The US National Institute for Occupational Health has created a database of industrial equipment with decibel levels noted.[23]

text: Legal status[edit]

text: Up until the 1970s governments tended to view noise as a "nuisance" rather than an environmental problem.

text: Many conflicts over noise pollution are handled by negotiation between the emitter and the receiver. Escalation procedures vary by country, and may include action in conjunction with local authorities, in particular the police.

text: India[edit]

text: Noise pollution is a major problem in India.[24] The government of India has rules & regulations against firecrackers and loudspeakers, but enforcement is extremely lax.[25] Awaaz Foundation is an Indian NGO working to control noise pollution from various sources through advocacy, public interest litigation, awareness, and educational campaigns since 2003.[26] Despite increased enforcement and stringency of laws now being practised in urban areas, rural areas are still affected.

text: United Kingdom[edit]

text: Figures compiled by rockwool, the mineral wool insulation manufacturer, based on responses from local authorities to a Freedom of Information Act (FOI) request reveal in the period April 2008 – 2009 UK councils received 315,838 complaints about noise pollution from private residences. This resulted in environmental health officers across the UK serving 8,069 noise abatement notices or citations under the terms of the Anti-Social Behaviour (Scotland) Act. In the last 12 months, 524 confiscations of equipment have been authorized involving the removal of powerful speakers, stereos and televisions. Westminster City Council has received more complaints per head of population than any other district in the UK with 9,814 grievances about noise, which equates to 42.32 complaints per thousand residents. Eight of the top 10 councils ranked by complaints per 1,000 residents are located in London.[27]

text: United States[edit]

text: There are federal standards for highway and aircraft noise; states and local governments typically have very specific statutes on building codes, urban planning, and roadway development.

text: Noise laws and ordinances vary widely among municipalities and indeed do not even exist in some cities. An ordinance may contain a general prohibition against making noise that is a nuisance, or it may set out specific guidelines for the level of noise allowable at certain times of the day and for certain activities.

text: The Environmental Protection Agency retains authority to investigate and study noise and its effect, disseminate information to the public regarding noise pollution and its adverse health effects, respond to inquiries on matters related to noise, and evaluate the effectiveness of existing regulations for protecting the public health and welfare, pursuant to the Noise Control Act of 1972 and the Quiet Communities Act of 1978.[28]

text: New York City instituted the first comprehensive noise code in 1985. The Portland Noise Code includes potential fines of up to $5000 per infraction and is the basis for other major U.S. and Canadian city noise ordinances.[29]