document_title: Hogwarts

question_text: what are the house names in harry potter

text: Hogwarts

text: School location and information

text: J. K. Rowling says she visualises Hogwarts, in its entirety, to be:[1]

text: A huge, rambling, quite scary-looking castle, with a jumble of towers and battlements. Like the Weasleys' house, it isn't a building that Muggles could build, because it is supported by magic.

text: In the novels, Hogwarts is somewhere in Scotland.[10][11] (The film Prisoner of Azkaban says that Dufftown is near.) The school is depicted as having numerous charms and spells on and around it that make it impossible for a Muggle to locate it. Muggles cannot see the school; rather, they see only ruins and several warnings of danger.[GF Ch.11] The castle's setting is described as having extensive grounds with sloping lawns, flowerbeds and vegetable patches, a loch (called The Black Lake), a large dense forest (called the Forbidden Forest), several greenhouses and other outbuildings, and a full-size Quidditch pitch. There is also an owlery, which houses all the owls owned by the school and those owned by students. Some rooms in the school tend to "move around", and so do the stairs in the grand staircase.[12] Witches and wizards cannot Apparate or Disapparate in Hogwarts grounds, except when the Headmaster lifts the enchantment, whether only in certain areas or for the entire campus, so as to make the school less vulnerable when it serves the headmaster to allow Apparition.[GF Ch.28] Electricity and electronic devices are not found at Hogwarts. In Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire, Hermione indicates that due to the high levels of magic, "substitutes for magic (that) Muggles use" such as computers, radar and electricity "go haywire" around Hogwarts. Radios however, make an exception. Rowling explains this by saying that the radios are not powered by electricity but by magic.

text: Hogwarts is on the shore of a lake, sometimes called the Black Lake. In that lake are merpeople, Grindylows, and a giant squid. The giant squid does not attack humans and sometimes acts as a lifeguard when students are in the lake.

text: Hogwarts is a coeducational, secondary boarding school, taking children from ages eleven to eighteen.[4] Education at Hogwarts is not compulsory, with some students being home schooled as stated in the seventh book. Rowling initially said there are about one thousand students at Hogwarts.[13] She later suggested around six hundred, while acknowledging that this number was still inconsistent with the small number of people in Harry's year. She further explained that this had resulted from her creating only 40 characters for Harry's year.[14]

text: Rowling has said that Hogwarts is "a multifaith school".[15] She has further stated on the subject, "The only people I never imagined there are Wiccans."[16] In response to the query, "[D]o you think there are a lot of LGBT students in modern age Hogwarts? I like to imagine they formed an LGBT club," Rowling replied, "But of course."[17]

text: Admission

text: According to the novels, admission to Hogwarts is selective, in that children who show magical ability will automatically gain a place,[18] and squibs cannot attend the school as students (though they can work there in other roles, as Argus Filch does).[19] A magical quill at Hogwarts detects the birth of magical children and writes their names into a large parchment book,[20] but there is no admission test because "you are either magical or you are not."[18] Every year, a teacher checks this book and sends a letter to the children who are turning eleven. Acceptance or refusal of a place at Hogwarts must be posted by 31 July. The letter also contains a list of supplies like spell books, uniform, and other things that the student will need. The prospective student is expected to buy all the necessary materials, normally from shops in Diagon Alley, a concealed street near Charing Cross Road in London that can be found behind the wizarding pub, The Leaky Cauldron. Students who cannot afford their supplies can receive financial aid from the school, as happened with the young orphan Tom Riddle.

text: Letters to Muggle-born witches and wizards, who may not be aware of their powers and are unfamiliar with the concealed wizarding world, are delivered in person by a member of Hogwarts staff, who then explains to the parents or guardians about magical society, and reassures them regarding this news.[HP7]

text: Though the school is in Great Britain, its catchment area is the wider British Isles, as Irish students can also attend.

text: Each student is allowed to bring a cat, toad, rat or owl. Along with the acceptance letter, first-year students are sent a list of required equipment which includes a wand, subject books, a standard size 2 pewter cauldron, a set of brass scales, a set of glass or crystal phials, a kit of basic potion ingredients (for Potions), and a telescope (for Astronomy). The Hogwarts uniform consists of plain work robes in black, a plain black hat, a pair of protective gloves, and a black winter cloak with silver fastenings. Each uniform must contain the wearer's nametag. First years are not allowed a broomstick of their own, though an exception to this rule is made for Harry in his first year after he demonstrates an excellent ability as a Seeker in Quidditch.

text: Arrival

text: The primary mode of transport to Hogwarts is the Hogwarts Express that students take at the start of each school year. Students board the train from the also fictional and hidden Platform 9¾ at King's Cross station in London. The train arrives near Hogwarts, some time after nightfall.

text: From there, first-year students are accompanied by the "Keeper of the Keys, Game and Grounds" (which was Hagrid during the first novel) to small boats, which magically sail across the lake and get them near the entrance of Hogwarts. The older students ride up to the castle in carriages pulled by creatures called Thestrals. When the first-year students initially arrive at the castle, they wait in a small chamber off the entrance hall until the older students have taken their seats, and then enter the Great Hall for the Sorting Ceremony to determine their House assignments. As teacher Minerva McGonagall said in Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone, "The Sorting is a very important ceremony because, while you are here, your House will be something like your family within Hogwarts. You will have classes with the rest of your House, sleep in your House dormitory, and spend free time in your House common room." After the Sorting Hat sings a song, each student in turn is seated upon the stool in front of the rest of the student body. The Hat is placed on the student's head, whereupon it examines his or her mind and assigns them to one of the four Houses based on abilities, personality, and preferences. After the Sorting Ceremony, the students and teachers enjoy a feast, prepared by the Hogwarts house-elves. If Dumbledore is feeling cheerful, he will lead the students in singing the school song.[21]

text: Houses

text: Hogwarts is divided into four houses, each bearing the last name of its founder: Godric Gryffindor, Salazar Slytherin, Rowena Ravenclaw and Helga Hufflepuff. Throughout the school year, the houses compete for the House Cup, gaining and losing points based on actions such as performance in class and rule violations. The house with the highest end-of-year total wins and has its colours displayed in the Great Hall for the following school year. Each house also has its own Quidditch team that competes for the Quidditch Cup. These two competitions breed rivalries between the houses. Houses at Hogwarts are living and learning communities for their students. Each house is under the authority of one of the Hogwarts staff members. The Heads of the houses, as they are called, are in charge of giving their students important information, dealing with matters of severe punishment, and responding to emergencies in their houses, among other things. Each year, year level groups of every separate house share the same dormitory and classes. The dormitory and common room of a House are, barring rare exceptions, inaccessible to students belonging to other Houses.

text: In the early days of Hogwarts, the four founders hand-picked students for their Houses. When the founders worried how students would be selected after their deaths, Godric Gryffindor took his hat off and they each added knowledge to it, allowing the Sorting Hat to choose the students by judging each student's qualities and placing them in the most appropriate house. The student's own choices may affect the decision: the clearest example is the Hat telling Harry that he would do well in Slytherin in the first book, but ultimately selecting Gryffindor after Harry asks it not to put him in Slytherin.

text: The translators of the books' foreign editions had difficulty translating the "house" concept; in countries where this system does not exist, no word could adequately convey the importance of belonging to a house, the loyalty owed to it, and the pride taken in prizes won by the house.[22]

text: Gryffindor

text: Gryffindor values courage, bravery, nerve, and chivalry. Gryffindor's mascot is the lion, and its colours are scarlet and gold. The Head of this house is the Transfiguration teacher and Deputy Headmistress, Minerva McGonagall until she becomes headmistress, and the house ghost is Sir Nicholas de Mimsy-Porpington, more commonly known as Nearly Headless Nick. According to Rowling, Gryffindor corresponds roughly to the element of fire. The founder of the house is Godric Gryffindor.

text: The Gryffindor common room is in one of the castle's highest towers, and its entrance is on the seventh floor in the east wing of the castle and is guarded by a painting of The Fat Lady, who is garbed in a pink dress. She permits entry only after being given the correct password, as was distinguished in the third book, when Sirius Black tried forcing entry into the tower, only to be blocked by The Fat Lady after he could not give the correct password. In the first book, Neville Longbottom tends to forget the password and must wait near the painting until other Gryffindors arrive to open the way.[23]

text: Hufflepuff

text: Hufflepuff values hard work, patience, justice, and loyalty. The house mascot is the badger, and canary yellow and black are its colours. The Head of this house is the Herbology teacher Pomona Sprout, and the house ghost is The Fat Friar. According to Rowling, Hufflepuff corresponds roughly to the element of earth. The founder of this house is Helga Hufflepuff.

text: The entrance to the Hufflepuff dormitories and common room entrance is concealed in a pile of large barrels in an alcove in the corridor that holds the kitchen. To enter, one must tap the barrel two from the bottom in the middle of the second row in the rhythm of "Helga Hufflepuff". Unlike any other house, the Hufflepuff common room has a repelling device that douses the illegal entrant in vinegar if the wrong lid is tapped or the rhythm is wrong.[24] The Hufflepuff common room is filled with yellow hangings and fat armchairs and it has little underground tunnels leading to the dormitories, all of which have perfectly round doors, like barrel tops.[25]

text: Ravenclaw

text: Ravenclaw values intelligence, creativity, learning, and wit.[HP5][HP7] The house mascot is an eagle and the house colours are blue and bronze (blue and grey in the films). The head of this house is the Charms professor, Filius Flitwick, and the house ghost is The Grey Lady. According to Rowling, Ravenclaw corresponds roughly to the element of air. The founder of this house is Rowena Ravenclaw.

text: The dormitories are in Ravenclaw Tower, on the west side of Hogwarts. The common room, which went undescribed in the series until the climax of Deathly Hallows, is round and filled with blue hangings and armchairs, has a domed ceiling painted with stars and features a replica statue of Rowena wearing her diadem. Harry also notes that Ravenclaws "have a spectacular view of the surrounding mountains". A logical riddle must be solved to gain entry, whereas the Gryffindor and Slytherin common rooms only require a password (Hufflepuffs need to tap a barrel in the rhythm of "Helga Hufflepuff"), indicating that it may be easier for those students from other houses who possess a high degree of intelligence to enter this common room than others. Professor McGonagall, the head of the Gryffindor House, solves the riddle accurately.

text: Slytherin

text: Slytherin house values ambition, cunning, leadership, and resourcefulness; the Sorting Hat said in Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone that Slytherins will do anything to get their way. The house mascot of Slytherin is the serpent, and the house colours are green and silver. Salazar Slytherin founded the house. The Head of House is Severus Snape until the seventh book. Then, Horace Slughorn, the previous Head of House, comes out of retirement re-assuming authority after Snape becomes headmaster. The ghost of Slytherin house is The Bloody Baron.[26] According to Rowling, Slytherin corresponds roughly to the element of water. The Slytherin dormitories and common room are reached through a bare stone wall in the dungeons. The Slytherin common room is a long, low, dungeon-style room, under the Hogwarts Lake, furnished with green lamps and carved armchairs. The room is described in the second book as having a greenish glow.

text: The Sorting Hat claims that blood purity is a factor in selecting Slytherins, although this is not mentioned until the fifth book. There is no reason to believe, however, that Muggle-born students are not sorted there, merely that pure-blooded students are more desirable to that house, as there are several examples of half-bloods in the house (such as Snape and Voldemort). In Deathly Hallows, a group of Snatchers claim that "not many Mudbloods" are sorted into Slytherin.

text: When believing Harry to be dead and thinking that he has final victory in his grasp, Voldemort proclaims his intention to abolish the other three houses and force all Hogwarts students into Slytherin. This design is foiled by his defeat and death, after which Slytherin becomes more diluted in its blood purity, no longer remaining the pure-blood bastion it once was.

text: Subjects and teachers

text: Being a school of magic, many subjects at Hogwarts differ from the studies of a typical school. Some subjects, such as History of Magic, derive from non-wizard – or muggle – subjects, but many others, such as charms and apparition classes, are unique to the wizarding world. There are twelve named teachers (referred to as Professors), each specialising in a single subject. All professors are overseen by a school head and deputy head. Transfiguration, Defence Against the Dark Arts, Charms, Potions, Astronomy, History of Magic, and Herbology are compulsory subjects for the first five years, as well as flying lessons. At the end of their second year, students are required to add at least two optional subjects to their syllabus for the start of the third year. The five choices are Arithmancy, Muggle Studies, Divination, Study of Ancient Runes and Care of Magical Creatures. "Very specialised subjects such as alchemy are sometimes offered in the final two years, if there is sufficient demand."[27]

text: Student life

text: The day begins at Hogwarts with breakfast in the Great Hall. Students sit at their own House table and can eat and socialise, or finish homework. The Headmaster or Headmistress eats with the professors at the High Table placed at the far end of the hall. During breakfast, owls bring in the students' post, generally consisting of The Daily Prophet, letters from parents or friends, or packages from home. A bell signals the start of the first class of the morning at 9 am.

text: There are two long morning classes with a short break in between them for students to get to their next class. After lunch, classes resume at 1 pm, and there is a break around afternoon teatime before another class period. The classes are about one hour in length, with occasional double periods lasting two hours. Classes end around five o'clock. First-year students get Friday afternoons off, while sixth- and seventh-year students have several free periods during the week. In the evening, students eat their dinner in the Great Hall, after which they are expected to be in their common rooms. Astronomy classes take place late at night in the Astronomy Tower.

text: The four House dormitories have secret entrances, generally known only to members of that house and require a password (Gryffindor & Slytherin), riddle answer (Ravenclaw) or ritual (Hufflepuff) in order to gain entrance. Inside is the common room, which contains armchairs and sofas for the pupils and tables for studying and homework. There are fireplaces to keep the rooms warm, and students either relax here in the evenings or else complete their homework, but may complete their work in the bedroom. There are notice boards in each common room and at other strategic points throughout the school. The students sleep in their House dormitories, which branch off from the common rooms. Each dormitory gets at least two rooms; one for boys and one for girls (an enchantment prevents boys from entering the girls' area, although there is no spell to prevent the reverse from occurring). Each student sleeps in a large four-poster bed with bed covers and heavy curtains in the House colours, and thick white pillows. There is a bedside table for each bed, and each dormitory has a jug of water and goblets on a tray.

text: On designated weekends, Hogwarts students in their third year or higher, with a signed permission slip, are permitted to walk to the nearby wizarding village of Hogsmeade, where they can relax and enjoy the pubs, restaurants and shops. There appears to be a good relationship between the school and the village, and the students get on well with the locals. Favourite places in Hogsmeade include Honeydukes Sweetshop, Zonko's Joke Shop, clothing stores such as Gladrags Wizardwear, the Shrieking Shack (regarded as the most haunted building in Britain), the pubs The Three Broomsticks and The Hog's Head, and Madam Puddifoot's coffee shop.

text: Food

text: The house-elves at Hogwarts amongst other duties provide all food to students and staff. They cook a wide variety of dishes especially at the feasts. The various dishes are prepared in the kitchens directly below the Great Hall. within the kitchen as four long tables directly aligned with the house tables in the great hall above; at meal times the food is magically transported up, giving the façade of appearing for the students.[citation needed]

text: Discipline

text: Apart from losing points from a house, serious misdeeds at Hogwarts are punishable by detention. Whenever a student loses a house point, their house jewels (ruby for Gryffindors, emeralds for Slytherin, sapphires for Ravenclaw, and topazes for Hufflepuff) are taken away from a glass hourglass located in every classroom. The same goes for adding points to the specific house, although the teacher or prefect must conjure the gems from thin air.

text: According to the school caretaker, Argus Filch, detention meant subjection to various forms of corporal punishment until recently. Arthur Weasley claimed still to bear physical scars inflicted by Apollyon Pringle, Filch's predecessor. In present times, however, detention usually involves assisting staff or faculty with tedious tasks. Examples of detention include the one imposed on Harry by Umbridge in Order of the Phoenix. In this case, Harry was forced to write, "I must not tell lies" repeatedly using a magical quill which then carves what is written into the back of the writer's hand. However, sensible teachers at the school never use this cruel punishment. In another case, when Snape caught Harry using the Sectumsempra curse on Draco, he was forced to go through over a thousand boxes of files describing wrongdoers at Hogwarts and their punishments. Harry was supposed to order them in alphabetical order, and rewrite the cards whose words were hard to see or otherwise damaged. The Weasley twins Fred and George had a whole drawer of these cards.

text: For even more serious offences, students may be suspended or even expelled from Hogwarts. Harry and Ron are threatened with expulsion after crashing Ron's car into the Whomping Willow at the start of their second year, and Harry is expelled before the start of his fifth year (although the sentence is quickly changed to a disciplinary hearing) after he is detected using magic in the presence of Muggles, a serious offence among the wizarding community. Dumbledore argued in Harry's defence, stating that it was done in self-defence, and that the Ministry has no authority to expel students – such powers are invested in the Headmaster and the Board of Governors. Snape has attempted to have Harry expelled, and he attempted to have Harry's father, James Potter, expelled when they were at Hogwarts together. The only student known to have been expelled is Hagrid, for the murder of Myrtle with an acromantula believed to be the Monster of Slytherin and for opening the Chamber of Secrets – crimes for which Tom Riddle had framed him.

text: Professors seem to be able to punish students with relative impunity and can hand out detention, even for unsatisfactory grades. Enforcement of rules outside of class mainly falls to the caretaker, with the assistance of the prefects. A student's Head of House usually has the final say in disciplinary matters. However, during Umbridge's tenure at Hogwarts, she quickly obtains the power to have the final say in disciplinary actions, due to an Educational Decree (one of many) passed by Minister for Magic Cornelius Fudge.

text: In the summer before their fifth year, two fifth year students from each House are picked to be prefects, which grants them privileges and responsibilities and disciplinary responsibilities. The leaders of the student body, the Head Boy and Head Girl, are drawn from the seventh year students. Prefects have the authority to give detentions for infractions.

text: Grounds

text: Hogwarts Castle and its Grounds are home to many secret areas as well as well-known and well-used places.

text: Hiding place of the Philosopher's Stone

text: Accessed by entering a trapdoor in the forbidden corridor on the third floor, and protected by a gauntlet of seven magical challenges set up by the teachers.

text:
A giant three-headed dog named Fluffy placed specially to guard the trapdoor by Hagrid.
Devil's Snare, grown by Professor Sprout.
A room containing dozens of keys, charmed by Flitwick to sprout wings and fly near the ceiling. One of these keys will unlock the door to the next section. However, in the film adaptation, the keys attack the seeker of the Stone.
A large chessboard with an army of large chessmen, transfigured by McGonagall. To continue to the door on the opposite side, the person in question must beat the chessmen at a game of wizards' chess where the player must risk his life if he loses. Ron and Professor Quirrell are the only wizards to win the game of wizards' chess.
A room with a large troll inside. This is Quirrell's challenge. In the book, Quirrell had knocked out his own troll to get to the last room and thus the trio did not have to fight it; in the film, it does not appear, but it appears in the PS1 and Game Boy Color version of the game.
A series of potions, brewed by Snape. A logical riddle, not magic, has to be solved. There are two doors, blocked by fire. One potion will allow the person to exit the way he or she arrived, another will allow him or her to continue to the next chamber, two are nettle wine, and the other three are poison. This challenge does not appear in the film, but does in the video game adaptation.
The Mirror of Erised can be found in the final chamber, further enchanted by Dumbledore to bestow the Philosopher's Stone upon a seeker only hoping to acquire the stone but not use it for selfish means.

tag: ul

text: Chamber of Secrets

text: The Chamber of Secrets, which is deep under the school (most likely under the lake),[28] was home to an ancient Basilisk, intended to be used to purge the school of Muggle-born students. Salazar Slytherin, one of the founders of Hogwarts, built the Chamber before he left the school.

text: The entrance to the Chamber is hidden in Moaning Myrtle's bathroom on the second floor. One of the sink taps has a snake scratched into its side; when a command in Parseltongue is spoken, it opens to reveal the mouth of a dark, slimy chute, wide enough to slide down, that gives onto a stone tunnel. There are many skeletons of small animals littering the floor and even a gigantic skin shed by the Basilisk. The tunnel leads to a solid wall, carved with two entwined serpents with emeralds for eyes.[28] At a command in Parseltongue, the wall opens to expose a long, dim corridor, lined with monumental statues of snakes, including two rows of towering stone pillars with more carved serpents that brace the ceiling. A colossal statue of Salazar Slytherin, looking ancient and monkey-like, is at the centre. The Basilisk rested inside the statue and emerged from its mouth when the Heir of Slytherin, Tom Riddle, summoned it.[29] In his second year at Hogwarts, Harry uses Parseltongue to open the chamber and destroys the diary containing the embodied memory of a 16-year-old Tom Riddle from his own days at Hogwarts and also slays the basilisk. It is later revealed that the diary was a Horcrux. In Deathly Hallows, Ron and Hermione enter the Chamber. Ron opens the door (despite not speaking Parseltongue) by imitating sounds he heard Harry use to open Slytherin's locket. They pull a basilisk fang from its skeleton to use to destroy the Horcrux made from Helga Hufflepuff's cup.

text: When Tom Riddle opened the Chamber, Myrtle was sulking in a stall after being teased by student Olive Hornby. She opened the door, intending to tell him to leave, but died immediately upon meeting the Basilisk's gaze and decided to become a ghost to revenge on Hornby.[28] Her bathroom remains operational, but is rarely used by students because of Myrtle's disagreeable presence and her habit of flooding it when she is distraught.

text: The film's depiction of the Chamber has snake heads in place of the pillars and Slytherin's statue is only his head. Rowling reveals in the book Harry Potter Page to Screen; The Complete Filmmaking Journey that the Chamber has flooded since its creation under unknown circumstances.

text: Passages

text: There are usually seven secret passages in and out of the school, and in addition, the series describes the use of twin vanishing cabinets to create another. Filch knows of just four of these while the Marauders (Remus Lupin, Peter Pettrigrew, Sirius and James) and the Weasley twins know of all seven, though where some lead is unknown. The Room of Requirement may, on occasion, create an eighth passage out of the school. The only known instance of this occurring is a passage to the Hog's Head bar that formed before the Battle of Hogwarts. Due to the nature of the Room of Requirement, it is possible that several passages to different locations could be accessed from the Room. The three passages out of Hogwarts that Filch does not know about are:

text:
A passage beneath the Whomping Willow, leading to the Shrieking Shack.
A passage behind a mirror on the fourth floor, which is caved in. It led to Hogsmeade, but where in Hogsmeade it leads to is unknown.
A passage beneath a one-eyed witch statue by the stairs to the Defence Against the Dark Arts classroom, leading to the cellar of Honeydukes. Speaking aloud the word 'Dissendium' to the witch allows access to this passage; the hump on the statue then opens and reveals the hidden passageway.

text: A further link between two vanishing cabinets, one in the school and the other in Borgin and Burkes in Knockturn Alley presumably worked until Chamber of Secrets when Peeves (persuaded by Nearly Headless Nick) smashed the Hogwarts cabinet. The passage was reopened in Half-Blood Prince when Draco Malfoy fixed the cabinet. This passage is not shown on the Marauder's Map as it is not part of the castle itself.

text: Besides passages in and out of the school, there are also numerous short-cuts that lead from one part of the castle to another. These are often concealed in such fashions as a tapestry which hides a hole in the wall.

text: Room of Requirement

text: On the seventh floor opposite an enormous tapestry depicting Barnabas the Barmy attempting to train trolls for the ballet, the Room of Requirement appears only when someone is in need of it. To make it appear, one must walk past its hidden entrance three times while concentrating on what is needed. The room will then appear, outfitted with whatever is required. To the Hogwarts house-elves, it is also known as the Come and Go Room.

text: Dumbledore was first to mention the room, noting that he discovered it at five-thirty in the morning, filled with chamber pots when he was trying to find a toilet. However, Dumbledore did not appear to know the Room's secrets. Dobby later told Harry of the Room in detail and admitted to frequently bringing Winky to the room to cure her bouts of Butterbeer-induced drunkenness, finding it full of antidotes and a "nice elf-sized bed." Filch was said to find cleaning supplies here when he had run out; when Fred and George needed a place to hide, it would appear as a broom cupboard. Trelawney also makes a habit of using it to hide her empty sherry bottles after she is sacked in Order of the Phoenix. It would seem that when one wishes to hide something it produces the same room for everyone: the Room of Hidden Things, which is full of many centuries worth of abandoned objects, such as broken furniture, books, and in one case a dead quintaped (for more information see Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them), which were presumably forgotten by their owners.

text: Harry learned of the room's abilities from Dobby, finding it the perfect location for his Dumbledore's Army meetings, during which it would be filled with bookcases full of Defence Against the Dark Arts volumes, many different kinds of Dark Detectors, and a plethora of floor cushions for practising defensive spells. When the D.A. was betrayed, the room was left open, and Pansy Parkinson was able to retrieve the list of members of the organisation. In Half-Blood Prince Harry used the Room of Hidden Things to stash his copy of Advanced Potion-Making, describing it as the size of a large cathedral and packed to overflowing with items hidden by Hogwarts inhabitants over the years, such as old potions, clothing, ruined furniture, an old tiara (which happened to be one of Voldemort's Horcruxes), or books which were "no doubt banned or graffitied or stolen." He later realised that Draco had been using the room in that state to hide and repair the Vanishing Cabinet to use it to smuggle Death Eaters into Hogwarts. Ironically, while Harry tries many times to get into the Room of Requirement to see what Draco is doing, the only time he succeeds to get into the room (and he is not thinking about Draco), he gains access to the room where Malfoy has been working.

text: In Deathly Hallows, the students who need a place to hide from the Carrows, two Death Eater professors, use the room. It is also revealed that the Room of Requirement's current version can change while still occupied, though should a completely different version be required (e.g. the Room of Hidden Things instead of DA Headquarters) the room must be empty. The Room can also answer to the desire of the wizard within the room, such as providing Harry with a whistle when he needed one during a Dumbledore's Army meeting, or creating a passage to the Hog's Head (as the room cannot produce food). Later, Ravenclaw's diadem is found to be one of Voldemort's Horcruxes and has been hidden in the Room of Hidden Things by Voldemort. Harry, Ron, and Hermione enter the Room, with Harry knowing that he must look for a place to hide things, and find the tiara; but they are ambushed by Draco, Crabbe and Goyle. The diadem is finally destroyed when Crabbe fills this version of the Room with what Hermione believes to have been Fiendfyre; a destructive magical fire. It is not known if the room continues to function after the events of Deathly Hallows; Ron expresses concern that it may have been ruined in all of its forms by the cursed fire.

text: Forbidden Forest

text: The Forbidden Forest is a large, dark forest in the boundaries of the school grounds. It is usually referred to simply as "the Forest" and in the film series as the "Dark Forest". It is strictly forbidden to all students, except during Care of Magical Creatures lessons and, on rare occasions, detentions.

text: Among the plant species within the Forest are trees such as beech, oak, pine, sycamore, yew and knotgrass and thorn undergrowth. Though the Forest is vastly dense and wild, there are a few paths and clearings. Hagrid, who frequently travels into the Forest for various reasons, mostly makes these trails. The Forest is also home to an assortment of creatures, many of them dangerous.

text: In 2017, a Forbidden Forest expansion was added to the Warner Bros. Studio Tour London - The Making of Harry Potter, enabling fans to explore it for the first time.[30]

text: Sets for the exterior of the school

text: Most exterior scenes were shot on location at Alnwick Castle, but views of the exterior of the entire school were created from shots of Durham Cathedral with a digital spire added to the towers. Durham Cathedral also served as a set for Hogwarts interiors.

text: Hogwarts Express

text: The Hogwarts Express is a train that carries students non-stop from Platform 9¾ at King's Cross station in London to Hogsmeade Station, near Hogwarts. Prefects of the school ride in a separate carriage near the front of the train. The compartments on the train appear to be lettered; in Half-Blood Prince, the "Slug Club" meets in compartment C.

text: The train began use in the 1850s. Before that, students used to reach Hogwarts on brooms or enchanted carriages.[31]

text: The steam engine used in the film adaptations is the GWR 4900 Class 5972 Olton Hall, but it was not the first locomotive to be disguised as the Hogwarts Express. To promote the books, the Southern Railway locomotive 34027 Taw Valley was repainted and renamed temporarily, but was rejected by Chris Columbus as looking 'too modern' for the film. Filming locations for the Hogwarts Express sequences include Goathland on the North Yorkshire Moors Railway, Kings Cross railway station and the route of the Jacobite Express which follows the West Highland Line from Fort William to Mallaig in Scotland, as it crosses the Glenfinnan Viaduct.[32]

text: Several model trains have been made of the Hogwarts Express. An 00 gauge is produced by Hornby, though this is of a Castle Class locomotive rather than the Hall Class used in the films. A three-rail H0 gauge model is produced by Märklin, and a two-rail H0/00 was produced in the early 2000s by Bachmann. Several now-discontinued L gauge models have been produced by LEGO. Lionel has released an O gauge set in their 2007 catalogue and a G gauge set for 2008.[33][34]

text: A completely functioning full-scale replica of the Hogwarts Express was created for The Wizarding World of Harry Potter's expansion at Universal Orlando Resort connecting King's Cross Station at the Diagon Alley expansion in Universal Studios Florida to the Hogsmeade station at Islands of Adventure,[35] manufactured by Doppelmayr Garaventa Group in the form of a funicular railway people mover.[36] The Hogwarts Express King's Cross Station features a wall between Platforms 9 and 10, where guests can "walk through" to get to Platform 9¾, like in the first film.

text: Hogwarts in translations of the Harry Potter books

text: Most translations keep the name 'Hogwarts', transcribing it if necessary (for example Arabic هوغوورتس = Hūghwūrts, Russian Хогвартс = Khogvarts, Japanese ホグワーツ = Hoguwātsu, Bengali হগওয়ার্টস = Hogowarts, Greek Χόγκουαρτς = Hóguarts, simplified Chinese 霍格沃茨 = Huògéwòcí), but some translate or otherwise adapt it (French Poudlard (lard = "bacon"), Latvian Cūkkārpas shortened from cūka = "pig" + kārpas = "warts", Dutch Zweinstein modified from zwijnsteen = "pig rock" while simultaneously referencing Albert Einstein, Norwegian Bokmål Galtvort (Nynorsk keeps "Hogwarts"), Finnish Tylypahka (pahka = "wart"), Hungarian Roxfort (playing with the name of Oxford), Slovenian Bradavičarka (bradavice = "warts")), Czech Bradavice means simply "warts". The Ancient Greek translation of the school is "Ὑογοήτου Παιδευτήριον τὸ τῆς Γοητείας καὶ Μαγείας", loosely translating to "Hogwizard's School of Wizardry and Magic", Ὑογοήτου replacing "Hogwarts" and derived from the ancient Greek words ὑo- (hog) and γοητής (wizard).


document_title: River of No Return

question_text: who sang the song in the movie the river of no return

root

text: River of No Return

text: Plot[edit]

text: Set in the Northwestern United States in 1875, the film focuses on taciturn widower Matt Calder (Robert Mitchum), who has recently been released from prison after serving time for killing one man while defending another. He arrives in a boomtown tent city in search of his ten-year-old son Mark (Tommy Rettig), who was left in the care of dance hall singer Kay (Marilyn Monroe) after the man who brought him there as Matt had arranged took off for the hills. Matt promises Mark, a virtual stranger to him, the two will enjoy a life of hunting, fishing and farming on their homestead.

tag: p

text: Kay's fiance, gambler Harry Weston (Rory Calhoun), tells her they must go to Council City to file the deed on a gold mine he won in a poker game. They head downriver on a homemade log raft, and when they encounter trouble in the rapids near the Calder farm, Matt and Mark rescue them. Harry offers to buy Matt's rifle and horse so as to reach Council City by land, and when Matt refuses, Harry knocks Matt unconscious and steals both. Kay chooses to stay behind to take care of Matt and Mark, and the three are stranded in the wilderness.

text: When hostile Indians threaten the farm, the three are forced to escape down the river on Harry's raft. That night they set up camp by the river, and Matt and Kay argue about the wisdom of pursuing Harry. Matt questions why she would choose to marry a man who had endangered a child, and she reminds him Harry never killed a man like he did. Mark overhears their discussion, and Matt is forced to reveal the truth about his past to his son, who is unable to comprehend why his father acted as he did.

text: As the three continue their journey, Kay comes to appreciate Matt's bravery and the tender way he cares for both her and Mark. Along the way, they are forced to deal with a series of trials and tribulations, including a mountain lion attack; gold prospectors Sam Benson and Dave Colby, who are after Harry for stealing their claim; and fighting off a second Indian war party.

text: After a difficult ride through the worst of the rapids, the three arrive in Council City and confront Harry. Harry shoots at Matt, forcing Mark to kill Harry with a rifle he is inspecting in the general store, and the boy finally understands why his father had to shoot a man so many years before. Kay finds a job at the local saloon. While she is singing there, Matt arrives to take her back to his farm along with Mark, and she happily leaves with him.

text: Cast[edit]

text:
Robert Mitchum as Matt Calder
Marilyn Monroe as Kay Weston
Tommy Rettig as Mark Calder
Rory Calhoun as Harry Weston
Douglas Spencer as Sam Benson
Murvyn Vye as Dave Colby

text: Production[edit]

text: Pre-production[edit]

text: Otto Preminger was preparing for the opening of The Moon Is Blue when 20th Century Fox executive Darryl F. Zanuck assigned him to direct River of No Return as part of his contract with the studio. Because of their previous experience with Westerns, producer Stanley Rubin had wanted William Wellman, Raoul Walsh, or Henry King to helm the film, and he was concerned Preminger, who he felt was better suited for film noir melodrama or sophisticated comedy, would be unable to rise to the task of directing a piece of Americana. Preminger himself had no interest in the project until he read the screenplay and saw potential in the story. He also approved of Robert Mitchum and Marilyn Monroe, who already had been cast in the lead roles.[4]

text: Zanuck decided the film should be made in CinemaScope and increased the budget accordingly. Much of it would be filmed in Banff and Jasper National Parks and Lake Louise in Alberta, and Preminger and Rubin flew to the area to scout locations. During their time there, Rubin grew fond of the director and began to feel that rather than viewing it as a contractual obligation, Preminger had a real interest in making the film.[5]

text: Rubin scheduled twelve weeks of preproduction, during which Monroe rehearsed and recorded the musical numbers written by Ken Darby and Lionel Newman, and forty-five days for filming.

text: Filming[edit]

text: The cast and crew departed for Calgary in late June 1953. From there they traveled by special train to the Banff Springs Hotel, which would serve as their base during the Canadian filming.[6]

text: Monroe was accompanied by Natasha Lytess, her acting coach. Preminger clashed with the woman from the very start. She insisted on taking her client aside and giving her direction contrary to that of Preminger, and she had the actress enunciating each syllable of every word of dialogue with exaggerated emphasis.[7] Preminger called Rubin in Los Angeles and insisted Lytess be banned from the set, but when the producer complied with his demand, Monroe called Zanuck directly and asserted she couldn't continue unless Lytess returned. Zanuck commiserated with Preminger but, feeling Monroe was a major box office draw he couldn't afford to upset, he reinstated Lytess. Angered by the decision, Preminger directed his rage at Monroe for the rest of the production.[8][9]

text: During the difficult shoot, Preminger also had to contend with frequent rain, Mitchum's heavy drinking, and an injury to Monroe's ankle that kept her off the set for several days and ultimately put her in a cast.[10] Monroe nearly drowned while filming in Jasper, Canada. She had donned chest high hip waders during rehearsal to protect her costume. She slipped on a rock, the waders filled with water, and she was unable to rise. Mitchum and others jumped in the river to rescue her but her ankle was sprained as a result.[11] Young Tommy Rettig seemed to be the director's sole source of solace. He respected Rettig's professionalism and appreciated the rapport he developed with Monroe, which often helped keep her on an even keel. When Lytess began to interfere with Rettig's performance, thereby undermining his confidence, Preminger let the cast and crew know about her behavior and was delighted to find they finally began to support him in his efforts to remove her from the set.[12][13]

text: In early September, filming shifted to Los Angeles for interior scenes and close-ups for a river sequence that would be filmed in a tank, since stunt people had been used in the long shots filmed on the actual rapids of the actual River of No Return, the Salmon River, south of Lewiston, Idaho. Lewiston would have been the destination of Matt, Kay and Mark, not Council City. The Salmon drops over 7,000 feet in elevation from its headwaters to its confluence as a tributary of the Snake River, hence the rapids and its nickname. (As a side note, the Salmon is the only major river in the United States contained entirely within one state.) There is a Council, Idaho, but it is in Adams County, distant from the river. Monroe was on crutches, and Preminger had to work around her as much as possible. Despite frequent disagreements with Rubin, Preminger completed the film on September 29, on schedule and within the budget.[14]

text: This movie was the first to be filmed in CinemaScope in Canada. River of No Return was the first film released by 20th Century-Fox to feature the "CinemaScope extension" fanfare before the opening credits. Written by Alfred Newman, it's a rerecording of his original 1933 fanfare, with the extra few bars that play under the credit " 20th Century-Fox presents A CinemaScope Production". After Fox switched to Panavision in 1967, they went back to their old fanfare, so the extension fanfare wasn't used again until it was revived by George Lucas to play before the opening credits to Star Wars: Episode IV - A New Hope. This time those few extra bars played under the credit " A Lucasfilm Production" Since then it's been re-recorded a few times but remains to this day the intro to every film released by that studio.

text: Post-production[edit]

text: During post-production, Preminger departed for Europe, leaving editor Louis R. Loeffler and Rubin to complete the film. Jean Negulesco was called in to film a few retakes. The dailies reconfirmed Rubin's belief that Preminger had been the wrong choice for the project. He felt the director had failed to capture the Western aura, had ignored key elements in the plot, and had perfunctorily directed action sequences, leaving them looking staged and static. In several cases, studio and location shots didn't match.[15]

text: Preminger's experience on the film convinced him he never wanted to work as a studio employee again, and he paid Fox $150,000 to cancel the remainder of his contract.[16][17]

text: In later years, Monroe claimed River of No Return was her worst film, and Preminger spoke bitterly about her in numerous interviews. It wasn't until January 1980, when being interviewed for the New York Daily News, that he conceded, "She tried very hard, and when people try hard, you can't be mad at them."[18]

text: Critical reception[edit]

text: Bosley Crowther of the New York Times observed, "It is a toss-up whether the scenery or the adornment of Marilyn Monroe is the feature of greater attraction in River of No Return . . . The mountainous scenery is spectacular, but so, in her own way, is Miss Monroe. The patron's preference, if any, probably will depend upon which he's interested in. Certainly, scriptwriter Frank Fenton has done the best he could to arrange for a fairly equal balance of nature and Miss Monroe . . . And that should not be too lightly taken. For Director Otto Preminger has thrown all the grandeur and menace of these features upon the eye-filling CinemaScope screen. A sickening succession of rapids, churned into boiling foam, presents a display of nature's violence that cannot help but ping the patron's nerves. The raft tumbling through these rapids is quite a sight to see. And layouts of Rocky Mountain landscapes are handsome in color, too. But Mr. Mitchum's and the audience's attention is directed to Miss Monroe through frequent and liberal posing of her in full and significant views."[19]

text: Variety said, "The competition between scenic splendors of the Jasper and Banff National Parks and entertainment values finds the former finishing slightly ahead on merit, although there's enough rugged action and suspense moments to get the production through its footage. In between the high spots, Otto Preminger's directorial pacing is inclined to lag, so the running time seems overlong."[20]

text: TV Guide rated it 3½ out of four stars, calling it "a simple, frequently charming, and beautifully photographed film blessed with fine performances and great teamwork from Robert Mitchum and Marilyn Monroe" and "an enjoyable, engaging little Western that never fails to entertain."[21]

text: Film4 called it a "patchy drama which owes more to its gorgeous scenery and musical numbers than it does to anything else . . . The plot doesn't convince, but Monroe, at the peak of her career, is more than easy on the eye . . . Despite some pretty locations and occasional tension, there's little going on. A shallow river indeed."[22]

text: Home media[edit]

text: 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment released the film on Region 1 DVD on May 14, 2002. It is in anamorphic widescreen format with audio tracks in English and French and subtitles in English and Spanish.


document_title: Lumbar vertebrae

question_text: where are the mammillary processes located on a typical lumbar vertebra

text: Lumbar vertebrae

text: Human anatomy[edit]

text: General characteristics[edit]

text: The figure on the left depicts the general characteristics of the first through fourth lumbar vertebrae. The fifth vertebra contains certain peculiarities, which are detailed below.

text: As with other vertebrae, each lumbar vertebra consists of a vertebral body and a vertebral arch. The vertebral arch, consisting of a pair of pedicles and a pair of laminae, encloses the vertebral foramen (opening) and supports seven processes.

text: Body[edit]

text: The vertebral body of each lumbar vertebra is large, wider from side to side than from front to back, and a little thicker in front than in back. It is flattened or slightly concave above and below, concave behind, and deeply constricted in front and at the sides.[1]

text: Arch[edit]

text: The pedicles are very strong, directed backward from the upper part of the vertebral body; consequently, the inferior vertebral notches are of considerable depth.[1] The pedicles change in morphology from the upper lumbar to the lower lumbar. They increase in sagittal width from 9 mm to up to 18 mm at L5. They increase in angulation in the axial plane from 10 degrees to 20 degrees by L5. The pedicle is sometimes used as a portal of entrance into the vertebral body for fixation with pedicle screws or for placement of bone cement as with kyphoplasty or vertebroplasty.

text: The laminae are broad, short, and strong.[1] They form the posterior portion of the vertebral arch. In the upper lumbar region the lamina are taller than wide but in the lower lumbar vertebra the lamina are wider than tall. The lamina connects the spinous process to the pedicles.

text: The vertebral foramen within the arch is triangular, larger than the thoracic vertebrae, but smaller than in the cervical vertebrae.[1]

text: Processes[edit]

text: The spinous process is thick, broad, and somewhat quadrilateral; it projects backward and ends in a rough, uneven border, thickest below where it is occasionally notched.[1]

text: The superior and inferior articular processes are well-defined, projecting respectively upward and downward from the junctions of pedicles and laminae. The facets on the superior processes are concave, and look backward and medialward; those on the inferior are convex, and are directed forward and lateralward. The former are wider apart than the latter since in the articulated column, the inferior articular processes are embraced by the superior processes of the subjacent vertebra.[1]

text: The transverse processes are long and slender. They are horizontal in the upper three lumbar vertebrae and incline a little upward in the lower two. In the upper three vertebrae they arise from the junctions of the pedicles and laminae, but in the lower two they are set farther forward and spring from the pedicles and posterior parts of the vertebral bodies. They are situated in front of the articular processes instead of behind them as in the thoracic vertebrae, and are homologous with the ribs.[1]

text: Three portions or tubercles can be noticed in a transverse process of a lower lumbar vertebrae: the lateral or costiform process, the mammillary process, and the accessory process.[2] The costiform is lateral, the mammillary is superior (cranial), and the accessory is inferior (caudal). The mammillary is connected in the lumbar region with the back part of the superior articular process.[clarification needed] The accessory process is situated at the back part of the base of the transverse process. The tallest and thickest costiform process is usually that of L5.[2]

text: First and fifth lumbar vertebrae[edit]

text: The first lumbar vertebra is level with the anterior end of the ninth rib. This level is also called the important transpyloric plane, since the pylorus of the stomach is at this level. Other important structures are also located at this level, they include; fundus of the gall bladder, celiac trunk, superior mesenteric artery, termination of spinal cord, beginning of filum terminalis, renal vessels, middle suprarenal arteries, and hila of kidneys.

text: The fifth lumbar vertebra is characterized by its body being much deeper in front than behind, which accords with the prominence of the sacrovertebral articulation; by the smaller size of its spinous process; by the wide interval between the inferior articular processes, and by the thickness of its transverse processes, which spring from the body as well as from the pedicles.[1] The fifth lumbar vertebra is by far the most common site of spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis.[3]

text: Most individuals have five lumbar vertebrae, while some have four or six. Lumbar disorders that normally affect L5 will affect L4 or L6 in these latter individuals.

text: Segmental movements[edit]

text: The range of segmental movements in a single segment is difficult to measure clinically, not only because of variations between individuals, but also because it is age and gender dependent. Furthermore, flexion and extension in the lumbal spine is the product of a combination of rotation and translation in the sagittal plane between each vertebra.[4]

text: Ranges of segmental movements in the lumbal spine (White and Panjabi, 1990) are (in degrees): [5]

text:
L1-L2
L2-L3
L3-L4
L4-L5
L5-S1

Flexion/
Extension
6999209439510239320♠12°
14°
15°
16°
17°

Lateral
flexion
6°
6°
8°
6°
3°

Axial
rotation
2°
2°
2°
2°
1°

tag: table

text: Congenital anomalies[edit]

text: Congenital vertebral anomalies can cause compression of the spinal cord by deforming the vertebral canal or causing instability.

text:
Lumbarization of sacral vertebra 1, seen as 6 vertebrae that do not connect to ribs.

Sacralization of the L5 vertebra is seen at the lower right of the image.

Congenital block vertebra of the lumbar spine. CT volume rendering.

text: Other animals[edit]

text: African apes have three and four lumbar vertebrae, (bonobos have longer spines with an additional vertebra) and humans normally five. This difference, and because the lumbar spines of the extinct Nacholapithecus (a Miocene hominoid with six lumbar vertebrae and no tail) are similar to those of early Australopithecus and early Homo, it is assumed that the Chimpanzee-human last common ancestor also had a long vertebral column with a long lumbar region and that the reduction in the number of lumbar vertebrae evolved independently in each ape clade. [6] The limited number of lumbar vertebrae in chimpanzees and gorillas result in an inability to lordose (curve) their lumbar spines, in contrast to the spines of Old World monkeys and Nacholapithecus and Proconsul, which suggests that the last common ancestor was not "short-backed" as previously believed. [7]

text: Additional images[edit]

text:
Position of lumbar vertebrae (shown in red). Animation.

Same as the left. Bones around the lumbar vertebrae are shown as semi-transparent.

Shape of lumbar vertebrae (shown in blue and yellow). Animation.

Vertebral column.

Muscles of the iliac and anterior femoral regions. First lumbar vertebra second highest vertebra seen.

Orientation of vertebral column on surface. T3 is at level of medial part of spine of scapula. T7 is at inferior angle of the scapula. L4 is at highest point of iliac crest. S2 is at the level of posterior superior iliac spine. Furthermore, C7 is easily localized as a prominence at the lower part of the neck.[8]

Vertebral column

Illustration highlighting lumbar spine.

A lumbar vertebra seen from the side

Ossification of lumbar vertebrae


document_title: Comedians in Cars Getting Coffee

question_text: when does new season of comedians in cars getting coffee start

text: Comedians in Cars Getting Coffee

text: Production[edit]

text: Development[edit]

text: Seinfeld has stated that the roots of the concept traced to a DVD extra he made for his 2002 documentary Comedian along with a later trip he made after purchasing an old VW Beetle in New Mexico, subsequently filming the return trip to the east coast with a friend.[5] Later describing the birth of the series Seinfeld said the series birth was "an experiment"[6]—as "kind of a guess."[7]

text: Prior to development of the series, Seinfeld was told by leading social network advisers, including those at Facebook and Yahoo, that a show length exceeding five minutes had little chance of success on the web.[8] Howard Schultz, coffee magnate and Chairman of Starbucks, turned down the opportunity to sponsor the show.[8] Acura eventually sponsored the show, giving Seinfeld creative license with creating the commercials and product placements.[8]

text: Format[edit]

text: Episodes are estimated to cost roughly $100,000,[6] with guests being paid in cash and the initial raw shoot lasting on average three-and-a-half hours,[6] which is then edited over a two-week period down to a 12–20 minute episode.[6] The process uses a lean production staff,[6] involves a minimum of network interaction,[6] and is designed as an edited and unscripted talk show without an audience that can be comfortably watched on a smart phone.[6]

text: The show's format around the car drive and "movement," specifically because "when attempting to show the meandering, silly and sometimes deep conversations that comedians share, you have to remove the audience to keep the participants from dropping into their acts,"[6] adding that "part of what makes the show watchable is that it's always moving. There's no narrative [to] drive the story. We know what happens. We know they're going to get coffee. You need a kinetic energy to move it along, moving people around keeps them awake."[6]

text: Bob Einstein became the first repeat guest on the show, appearing in the first season and again in the ninth season.[9] Jimmy Fallon's appearance in the fifth season was split into two episodes. Several episodes have featured multiple guests appearing together including: Carl Reiner and Mel Brooks, Colin Quinn and Mario Joyner, and Kathleen Madigan and Chuck Martin. Colleen Ballinger appeared in-character as Miranda Sings as a guest on an episode, and Jason Alexander reprised the role of George Costanza from Seinfeld for an episode.

text: Episodes[edit]

text: Season 1 (2012)[edit]

text:
No.overallNo. inseasonTitleGuestsCar modelsRestaurantsRelease dateNo. Netflix11"Larry Eats a Pancake"Larry David1952 Volkswagen BeetleJohn O'Groats, Los Angeles, CAJuly 19, 2012 (2012-07-19)C4.6
22"Mad Man in a Death Machine"Ricky Gervais1967 Austin-Healey 3000City Island Diner, City Island, NYAugust 2, 2012 (2012-08-02)C1.14
33"A Monkey and a Lava Lamp"Brian Regan1970 Dodge Challenger T/ARae's Diner, Santa Monica, CAAugust 9, 2012 (2012-08-09)C3.13
44"Just a Lazy Shiftless Bastard"Alec Baldwin1970 Mercedes-Benz 280 SLFairway Market Café, New York City, NYAugust 16, 2012 (2012-08-16)C1.4
55"A Taste of Hell From on High"Joel Hodgson1963 Volkswagen Karmann GhiaSkylark Diner, Edison, NJAugust 23, 2012 (2012-08-23)C1.19
66"Unusable on the Internet"Bob Einstein1970 Mercedes-Benz 300SEL 6.3Jerry's Deli, Studio City, CANate 'n Al's, Beverly Hills, CAAugust 30, 2012 (2012-08-30)C4.10
77"You Don't Want to Offend a Cannibal"Barry Marder1966 Porsche 356 SC CabrioletBendix Diner, Hasbrouck Heights, NJSeptember 6, 2012 (2012-09-06)C3.16
88"I Hear Downtown Abbey Is Pretty Good..."Colin Quinn & Mario Joyner1976 Triumph TR6Fort Defiance Café, Brooklyn, NYSeptember 13, 2012 (2012-09-13)C4.9
99"I Want Sandwiches, I Want Chicken"Carl Reiner & Mel Brooks1960 Rolls-Royce Silver Cloud II1970 Porsche 911 SNorm's Diner, Los Angeles, CANate 'n Al's, Beverly Hills, CASeptember 20, 2012 (2012-09-20)C2.5
1010"It's Bubbly Time, Jerry"Michael Richards1962 Volkswagen Double Cab PickupThe Malibu Kitchen, Malibu, CASeptember 27, 2012 (2012-09-27)C1.17

text: Season 2 (2013)[edit]

text:
No.overallNo. inseasonTitleGuestsCar modelsRestaurantsRelease dateNo. Netflix111"I'm Going to Change Your Life Forever"Sarah Silverman1969 Jaguar E-Type Series 2Millie's, Silver Lake, Los Angeles, CAJune 13, 2013 (2013-06-13)C4.2
122"I Like Kettlecorn"David Letterman1995 Volvo 960 station wagonGreen Granary, New Milford, CTJune 20, 2013 (2013-06-20)C2.9
133"No Lipsticks for Nuns"Gad Elmaleh1950 Citroën 2CVPommes Frites, French Roast, New York City, NYJune 27, 2013 (2013-06-27)C4.4
144"You'll Never Play the Copa"Don Rickles1958 Cadillac EldoradoFactor's Famous Deli, Los Angeles, CAJuly 4, 2013 (2013-07-04)C2.7
155"Really?!"Seth Meyers1973 Porsche 911 Carrera RSRoebling Tea Room, Brooklyn, NYJuly 11, 2013 (2013-07-11)C1.15
166"Kids Need Bullying"Chris Rock1969 Lamborghini Miura P400SAllendale Eats!, Allendale, NJJuly 18, 2013 (2013-07-18)C1.10

text: Season 3 (2014)[edit]

text:
No.overallNo. inseasonTitleGuestsCar modelsRestaurantsRelease dateNo. Netflix171"Comedy, Sex and the Blue Numbers"Louis C.K.1959 Fiat 600 JollyLouis C.K.'s personal boat, New York City, NYJanuary 2, 2014 (2014-01-02)C4.11
The episode was not initially included when the series debuted on Netflix on January 5, 2018. It was re-added as part of the collection on January 10, 2018.
182"How Would You Kill Superman?"Patton Oswalt1981 DeLorean DMC-12Handsome Coffee Roasters, Los Angeles, CAJanuary 9, 2014 (2014-01-09)C3.5
193"Comedy Is a Concealed Weapon"Jay Leno1949 Porsche 356/2Jones Coffee, Pasadena, CAJanuary 16, 2014 (2014-01-16)C3.6
204"So You're Mellow and Tense?"Todd Barry1966 MGBNathan's Famous, New York City, NYJanuary 23, 2014 (2014-01-23)C3.15
215"Feces Are My Purview"Tina Fey1967 Volvo 1800SFloridita, Harlem, New York City, NYDominique Ansel Bakery, SoHo, New York City, NYJanuary 30, 2014 (2014-01-30)C1.12
226"The Over-Cheer"George CostanzaNewman1976 AMC PacerTom's Restaurant, New York City, NYFebruary 2, 2014 (2014-02-02)TBA
Jerry and George Costanza (Jason Alexander, reprising his role from Seinfeld) have coffee and chat about proper etiquette for attending a Super Bowl party before running into Newman (Wayne Knight). The episode was written by Seinfeld and Larry David and directed by David.[10] A 90-second version of the episode aired on Fox before its Super Bowl XLVIII halftime coverage.[10] This episode was excluded from the Netflix collections in 2018.
237"The Last Days of Howard Stern"Howard Stern1969 Pontiac GTOBel Aire Diner, Astoria, NYFebruary 6, 2014 (2014-02-06)C2.4

text: Season 4 (2014)[edit]

text:
No.overallNo. inseasonTitleGuestsCar modelsRestaurantsRelease dateNo. Netflix241"A Little Hyper-Aware"Sarah Jessica Parker1976 Ford LTD Country SquireColony Diner, East Meadow, NYFrancesco's Bakery, Hicksville, NYJune 19, 2014 (2014-06-19)C1.6
252"Two Polish Airline Pilots"George Wallace1965 Buick RivieraFlamingo & Peppermill Fireside Lounge, Las Vegas, NVJune 26, 2014 (2014-06-26)C4.13
263"Opera Pimp"Robert Klein1967 Jaguar Mark 2Klein's home and Landmark Diner, Ossining, New YorkJuly 3, 2014 (2014-07-03)C3.14
274"It's Like Pushing a Building Off a Cliff"Aziz Ansari2012 Prevost Car X3-45 VIPBrody's Diner, Shrewsbury, MAJuly 10, 2014 (2014-07-10)C1.13
285"The Sound of Virginity"Jon Stewart1978 AMC Gremlin1968 AMC AMXTick Tock Diner, Clifton, NJJuly 17, 2014 (2014-07-17)C3.4

text: Season 5 (2014)[edit]

text:
A serialized yet separated storyline started in this season, featuring Michael Richards as Crackle President Dick Corcoran.
Joan Rivers had been asked by Seinfeld to be the fifth season's first guest, however she postponed the appearance due to a scheduled medical procedure.[11] Rivers died as a result of that procedure.

text:
No.overallNo. inseasonTitleGuestsCar modelsRestaurantsRelease dateNo. Netflix291"You Look Amazing in the Wind"Kevin Hart1959 Porsche RSK Spyder212 Pier, Santa Monica, CANovember 6, 2014 (2014-11-06)C2.2
302"I'm Wondering What It's Like to Date Me"Amy Schumer1971 Ferrari Daytona 365 GTB/4Short Stop Diner, Bronx, NYNovember 13, 2014 (2014-11-13)C3.1
313"Smoking Past the Band"Bill Burr1970 Ford Mustang Boss 302Novel Cafe, Santa Monica, CANovember 20, 2014 (2014-11-20)C4.3
324"Happy Thanksgiving Miranda"Miranda Sings1960 Austin-Healey SpriteArt's Delicatessen Restaurant[12] Studio City, CaliforniaNovember 27, 2014 (2014-11-27)C4.5
335"I Wasn't Told About This... with Special Feature: I’m Dying, Jerry"Fred Armisen1965 Saab 96 Monte Carlo 850Coava Coffee Roasters, Portland, OregonDecember 4, 2014 (2014-12-04)C3.8
346"I'm Going to Take a Percocet and Let That One Go"Ali Wentworth1970 Mercedes-Benz 280 SE ConvertibleFiddler's Elbow Country Club, Bedminster, New JerseyDecember 11, 2014 (2014-12-11)C1.20
35/367/8"The Unsinkable Legend — Part 1 & Part 2"Jimmy Fallon1956 Chevrolet Corvette1994 Land Rover Defender 90John's Pancake House, Montauk, NYDecember 18, 2014 (2014-12-18)C1.2/C1.3
Released in two parts on both Crackle[13] and Netflix.

text: Season 6 (2015)[edit]

text:
No.overallNo. inseasonTitleGuestsCar modelsRestaurantsRelease dateNo. Netflix371"I'll Go If I Don't Have to Talk"Julia Louis-Dreyfus1964 Aston Martin DB5Caffe Luxxe & Art's Table, Santa Monica, CAJune 3, 2015 (2015-06-03)C2.6
382"Always Do the Banana Joke First"Steve Harvey1957 Chevrolet Bel AirManny's Cafeteria & Biggs Mansion, Chicago, ILJune 10, 2015 (2015-06-10)C3.2
393"We Love Breathing What You're Burning, Baby"Jim Carrey1976 Lamborghini CountachKiller Cafe, Marina Del Rey, CAJune 17, 2015 (2015-06-17)C1.1
404"The Comedy Team of Smug and Arrogant"Bill Maher1979 Volkswagen BeetleBrite Spot, Echo Park, Los Angeles, CAJune 24, 2015 (2015-06-24)C4.1
415"That's the Whole Point of Apartheid, Jerry"Trevor Noah1985 Ferrari 308 GTBiOne Girl Cookies, Brooklyn, NYJuly 1, 2015 (2015-07-01)C1.7
426"Cut Up and Bloody but Looking Good"Stephen Colbert1964 Morgan +4Bluestone Coffee Co., Montclair, NJJuly 8, 2015 (2015-07-08)C1.5

text: Season 7 (2015–16)[edit]

text:
No.overallNo. inseasonTitleGuestsCar modelsRestaurantsRelease dateNo. Netflix431"Just Tell Him You're the President"Barack Obama1963 Corvette Sting RayStaff dining room of the White House, Washington, D.C.December 30, 2015 (2015-12-30)C2.1
442"If You See This on a Toilet Seat, Don't Sit Down"Steve Martin1954 Siata 8V1966 Ford MustangPleasantville Diner, Pleasantville, NYJanuary 6, 2016 (2016-01-06)C3.3
453"Stroked Out on a Hot Machine"Kathleen Madigan & Chuck Martin1972 BMW 2002Alfred Coffee, Los Angeles, CAJanuary 13, 2016 (2016-01-13)C4.12
464"It's Great That Garry Shandling Is Still Alive"Garry Shandling1979 Porsche 930 TurboDu-Par's Restaurant & Bakery, Studio City, CAJanuary 20, 2016 (2016-01-20)C3.9
475"I Don't Think That's Bestiality"Sebastian Maniscalco1969 Chevrolet Camaro Z28Intelligentsia Coffee & The Tasting Kitchen, Venice, CAJanuary 27, 2016 (2016-01-27)C4.7
486"Mr. Ferrell, For the Last Time, We're Going to Ask You to Put the Cigar Out"Will Ferrell1970 Plymouth SuperbirdMed Cafe, Marina del Rey, CAFebruary 3, 2016 (2016-02-03)C2.3

text: Season 8 (2016)[edit]

text:
No.overallNo. inseasonTitleGuestsCar modelsRestaurantsRelease dateNo. Netflix491"Stick Around for the Pope"Jim Gaffigan1977 Volkswagen Westfalia CamperSecond Avenue Deli, Manhattan, NYJune 16, 2016 (2016-06-16)C3.7
502"You Can Go Cho Again"Margaret Cho1967 Mazda CosmoHighland Cafe, Los Angeles, CAJune 23, 2016 (2016-06-23)C3.11
513"Escape from Syosset"Judd Apatow1968 Pontiac Firebird 400101 Coffee Shop, Los Angeles, CAJune 30, 2016 (2016-06-30)C2.8
524"Everybody Respects a Bloody Nose"J. B. Smoove1964 Studebaker Avanti10 Speed Coffee, Los Angeles, CAJuly 7, 2016 (2016-07-07)C1.18
535"Everybody Likes to See the Monkeys"Lorne Michaels1955 Mercedes-Benz 300 SL GullwingThe Monkey Bar, New York City, NYJuly 14, 2016 (2016-07-14)C3.12
546"What Kind of Human Animal Would Do This?"John Oliver1959 Triumph TR3Allswell, Brooklyn, NYJuly 21, 2016 (2016-07-21)C1.9

text: Season 9 (2017)[edit]

text:
No.overallNo. inseasonTitleGuestsCar modelsRestaurantsRelease dateNo. Netflix551"The Volvo-ness"Kristen Wiig1964 Volvo 122S AmazonHouse of Pies, Los Angeles, CAJanuary 5, 2017 (2017-01-05)C1.8
562"A Rusty Car in the Rain"Norm Macdonald1958 Porsche 356AJackson Hole Diner, East Elmhurst, NYJanuary 12, 2017 (2017-01-12)C1.16
573"Dictators, Comics, and Preachers"Cedric the Entertainer1958 Bentley S1The Butcher's Daughter, New York City, NYJanuary 19, 2017 (2017-01-19)C3.10
584"At What Point Am I Out from Under?"Lewis Black1967 Cadillac EldoradoJunior's, Downtown Brooklyn, NYJanuary 26, 2017 (2017-01-26)C4.8
595"Champagne, Cigars, and Pancake Batter"Christoph Waltz1957 BMW 507 Series IIIHOP, Torrance, CAFebruary 2, 2017 (2017-02-02)C1.11
606"It's Not So Funny When It's Your Mother"Bob Einstein2017 Acura NSXUrth Caffé, Los Angeles, CAFebruary 9, 2017 (2017-02-09)C4.14

text: Season 10 (2018)[edit]

text:
No.overallNo. inseasonTitleGuestsCar modelsRestaurantsRelease dateNo. Netflix611"From The Third Reich To You"Zach Galifianakis1972 Volkswagen ThingRoyal Donuts and Dinah’s Family Restaurant, Los Angeles, CAJuly 6, 2018 (2018-07-06)C5.E1
622"Nobody Says, “I Wish I Had A Camera”"Dave Chappelle1973 Citroën SMThe Diner, Washington D.C.July 6, 2018 (2018-07-06)C5.E2
633"You Said It Wasn’t Funny"Ellen DeGeneres1977 Toyota Land Cruiser (J40)Tre Lune, Montecito, CAJuly 6, 2018 (2018-07-06)C5.E3
644"Lasagna With Six Different Cheeses"Tracy Morgan1984 Ferrari 288 GTORaymond’s Restaurant, Ridgewood, NJJuly 6, 2018 (2018-07-06)C5.E4
655"Are There Left Handed Spoons?"Brian Regan2006 Cadillac XLREspresso Profeta, Los Angeles, CAJuly 6, 2018 (2018-07-06)C5.E5
666"Na..  Ga..  Do..  It"Dana CarveyMeyers Manx Dune BuggyThe Beverly Hills Hotel, Beverly Hills, CAJuly 6, 2018 (2018-07-06)C5.E6
677"Nobody Cries At A Joke"Hasan Minhaj1992  Ferrari 512TRHastings Center Restaurant, Hastings-on-Hudson, NYJuly 6, 2018 (2018-07-06)C5.E7
688"Red Bottom Shoes Equals Fantastic Babies"Neal Brennan1965 Porsche 356 CThe Good Stuff, Hermosa Beach, CAJuly 6, 2018 (2018-07-06)C5.E8
699"A Hooker In The Rain"John Mulaney1969 Alfa Romeo Giulia SuperCapizzi, New York, NYJuly 6, 2018 (2018-07-06)C5.E9
7010"A Brain In A Jar"Kate McKinnon1962 Fiat 600 MultiplaVia Quadronno, New York, NYJuly 6, 2018 (2018-07-06)C5.E10
7111"Gyrating, Naked Twister"Alec Baldwin1974 BMW 3.0 CS coupeMadman Espresso, New York, NY and Massapequa Diner, Massapequa, NYJuly 6, 2018 (2018-07-06)C5.E11
7212"Heere’s Jerry!"Jerry Lewis1966 Jaguar E-typeThe Omelet House, Las Vegas, NVJuly 6, 2018 (2018-07-06)C5.E12

text: Reception[edit]

text: Brian Lowry of Variety said the series is the kind of short-form concept that feels stretched even at 18 minutes.[14] David Hinckley of The New York Daily News gave the series 3 out of 5 stars.[15] Mike Hale of The New York Times said: "The [series' segments]... are presented in a clean, elegant template with a studiously casual pencil-drawn logo. And the filming and editing are, if you break them down, impressively complex and artful for a Web series."[16]

text: The New York Times's Anand Giridharadas critiqued the show as being out of touch with the everyman, and more of a showcase of Seinfeld's wealth. Giridharadas wrote: "The democracy of observational humor has become, in Mr. Seinfeld's reincarnation, an oligarchy of mutual admiration".[17] Other publications have been more positive in their opinion. The New York Daily News wrote of the show's format and first three seasons that, "It all sounds random, which it is, and trivial, which it is and isn’t. In the end, the fun is contagious."[18] Newsday then graded season four of the series with an "A".[19]

text: Awards and nominations[edit]

text:
Year

Award

Category

Recipients

Result

2013

Primetime Emmy Award[20]

Outstanding Special Class – Short-Format Nonfiction Program

Jerry Seinfeld

Nominated

2014

Primetime Emmy Award[20]

Outstanding Short-Format Nonfiction Program

Jerry Seinfeld

Nominated

2015

Producers Guild of America Award[21]

Outstanding Digital Series

Won

2016

Producers Guild of America Award[22]

Outstanding Digital Series

Won

2016

Primetime Emmy Award[20]

Outstanding Variety Talk Series

Jerry Seinfeld, Melissa Miller, Tammy Johnston, Denis Jensen, George Shapiro, Howard West

Nominated

2017

Producers Guild of America Award[23]

Outstanding Digital Series

Won


document_title: Robert Carlyle

question_text: who plays rumplestiltskin in once upon a time

text: Robert Carlyle

text: Early life[edit]

text: Carlyle was born in Maryhill, Glasgow, the son of Elizabeth, a bus company employee, and Joseph Carlyle, a painter and decorator.[3][4] He was brought up by his father after his mother left when Carlyle was four years old.[5][6] He left school at the age of 16 without any qualifications and worked for his father as a painter and decorator; however, he continued his education by attending night classes at Cardonald College in Glasgow.[7]

text: Career[edit]

text: Carlyle became involved in drama at the Glasgow Arts Centre at the age of 21 (having been inspired by reading Arthur Miller's The Crucible), and subsequently graduated from the Royal Scottish Academy of Music and Drama (RSAMD). In 1991, he and four friends founded a theatre company, Raindog (which was involved in television and film work).[8] The same year he guest starred in The Bill and also starred in his first movie, Riff-Raff, directed by Ken Loach.

text: In 1994, he played the gay lover of Father Greg in the film Priest. Carlyle's first high-profile role came as murderer Albert "Albie" Kinsella in an October 1994 episode of Cracker opposite Robbie Coltrane (in which Kinsella killed five people, including Christopher Eccleston's DCI David Bilborough). This highly acclaimed role showcased Carlyle's "pure intensity".[9] Shortly after his appearance in Cracker, he landed the role of Highland policeman Hamish Macbeth in the BBC comedy-drama Hamish Macbeth. The series ran for three seasons from 1995 to 1997.

text: In 1996 and 1997, he appeared in the two highest-profile roles of his career to date: as the psychopathic Francis Begbie in Trainspotting and Gaz, the leader of a group of male amateur strippers, in The Full Monty. The latter earned Carlyle a BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role. He also starred with Ray Winstone in the 1997 film Face. Carlyle played the senior Malachy McCourt (father of author Frank McCourt) in the 1999 film adaptation of McCourt's first memoir, Angela's Ashes; the arch villain Renard in the 1999 James Bond film The World Is Not Enough; and a cannibalistic soldier in the 1999 Ravenous.

text: Carlyle appeared in the 2002 Oasis music video for "Little By Little". He played Adolf Hitler in the 2003 miniseries Hitler: The Rise of Evil. In 2006 he played the villain Durza in Eragon. In 2007 Carlyle played one of the main characters in the film 28 Weeks Later. He also played the lead role as a marine engineer attempting to save London from total devastation in the disaster film Flood. That year he also portrayed Father Joseph Macavoy in the film The Tournament.

text: In 2008 Carlyle narrated a BBC audiobook version of The Cutting Room. In 2008, he was cast as Dr. Nicholas Rush in the television series Stargate Universe.[10][11] His role in the series has been described thus: "As [the team fights] to survive, Dr. Rush (Carlyle) works to unlock the mysteries of the ship and return the group home, but evidence of his ulterior motives soon arises." His was touted by the studio as the "leading role" in Universe.[12]

text: In December 2008, Carlyle appeared in 24: Redemption, a television movie based on the popular TV series 24, starring alongside Kiefer Sutherland.

text: In 2009, Carlyle appeared in a long-form commercial for Johnnie Walker whisky, titled "The Man Who Walked Around The World." Carlyle was shown walking down a path and talking for six minutes in a single long take. The ad took two days to film. The director, Jamie Rafn, afterwards referred to Carlyle as an "utter genius".[13] He voices the character of Gabriel Belmont, and his counterpart, Dracula in the video game Castlevania: Lords of Shadow, as well as its sequels Mirror of Fate and Lords of Shadow 2.

text: Beginning in October 2011 Carlyle has portrayed Mr. Gold (Rumplestiltskin) in the fantasy-drama television series Once Upon A Time. The character is a wizard, deal-maker, and master manipulator.

text: Acting style[edit]

text: Known for his commitment to authenticity in roles, Carlyle has often altered his lifestyle and physical appearance to gain a better understanding of a character—much akin to method acting. Before playing a homeless character in Antonia Bird's Safe, for example, he went to live in the Waterloo area of London where the film was set. For his role as a bus driver in Ken Loach's Carla's Song, he passed the test for a PSV licence (a licence to drive a bus with passengers) in a Glasgow Leyland Atlantean bus.[14] Carlyle also removed two of his teeth before reprising his role as Begbie in T2: Trainspotting.[15] Writing of Carlyle's performance in The Full Monty, Andrew Johnston stated: "Carlyle was brilliant as the savage psycho Begbie in Trainspotting; here, he proves he can be almost as good when kept on a short leash. We don't know much about Gaz, but he's the most interesting character in the movie, largely because of Carlyle's down-to-earth warmth."[16]

text: Personal life[edit]

text: Carlyle has been married to make-up artist Anastasia Shirley since 1997.[17] They have three children: Ava (born 2002), Harvey (born 2004), and Pearce Joseph (born 2006). The family lives in Glasgow. Carlyle is a patron of School For Life in Romania.[18] Carlyle supports Rangers F.C..[19]

text: Filmography[edit]

text: Film[edit]

text:
Year
Title
Role
Notes

1990
Silent Scream
Big Woodsy

Riff-Raff
Steve

1993

Being Human
Prehistoric Shaman

1994
Priest
Graham

Marooned
Peter

1995
Go Now
Nick Cameron
Sant Jordi Award for Best Foreign Actor

1996
Trainspotting
Francis "Franco" Begbie
Nominated – BAFTA Scotland Award for Best Actor
Nominated – Satellite Award for Best Supporting Actor in a Motion Picture – Drama

Carla's Song
George Lennox
Evening Standard British Film Award for Best Actor
London Critics Circle Film Award for British Actor of the Year

1997
The Full Monty
Gary "Gaz" Schofield
BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role
Evening Standard British Film Award for Best Actor
London Critics Circle Film Award for British Actor of the Year
Sant Jordi Award for Best Foreign Actor
Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion Picture
Nominated – MTV Movie Award for Best Dance Sequence
Nominated – Satellite Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy

Face
Ray
Evening Standard British Film Award for Best Actor
London Critics Circle Film Award for British Actor of the Year

1999
Plunkett & Macleane
Will Plunkett

Ravenous
Colonel Ives / F.W. Colqhoun

The World Is Not Enough
Renard

Angela's Ashes
Malachy McCourt
Nominated – Empire Award for Best British Actor
Nominated – IFTA Award for Best Actor

2000
The Beach
Daffy

There's Only One Jimmy Grimble
Eric Wirral

2001
To End All Wars
Major Ian Campbell

The 51st State
Felix DeSouza

2002
Once Upon a Time in the Midlands
Jimmy

Black and White
David O'Sullivan

2004
Dead Fish
Danny Devine

2005
The Mighty Celt
O

Marilyn Hotchkiss' Ballroom Dancing and Charm School
Frank Keane

Human Trafficking
Sergei Karpovich

2006
Eragon
Durza

2007
28 Weeks Later
Don Harris

Flood
Robert Morrison

2008
Stone of Destiny
John MacCormick

Summer
Shaun
Nominated – BAFTA Scotland Award for Best Actor

I Know You Know
Charlie

2009
The Tournament
Father Joseph MacAvoy

The Unloved
Lucy's Father

2012
California Solo
Lachlan MacAldonich

2015
The Legend of Barney Thomson
Barney Thomson
Director
Nominated – BAFTA Scotland Award for Best Actor[20]
Nominated – BAFTA Scotland Award for Best Director[21]

2017
T2 Trainspotting
Francis "Franco" Begbie

text: Television[edit]

text:
Year
Title
Role
Notes

1990
Taggart
Gordon Inglis
Episode: "Hostile Witness"

1991
The Bill
Tom Ward
Episode: "The Better Part of Valour"

1993
Screenplay
Nosty
Episode: "Safe"

1994
99-1
Detective Constable Trevor Prescott
Episode: "Doing the Business"

Cracker
Albie Kinsella
3 episodes
BAFTA Scotland Award for Best Actor – TV

1995–98
Hamish Macbeth
Hamish Macbeth
20 episodes
RTS Television Award for Best Actor – Male
Nominated – BAFTA Scotland Award for Best Actor – TV
Nominated – BAFTA TV Award for Best Actor

1998
Looking After Jo Jo
John Joe "Jo Jo" McCann
Nominated – BAFTA TV Award for Best Actor

2001
Chewin' the Fat
Himself
Hogmanay Special

2003
Hitler: The Rise of Evil
Adolf Hitler
Nominated – Satellite Award for Best Actor – Miniseries or Television Film

2004
Gunpowder, Treason & Plot
King James I
Television film

2005
Human Trafficking
Sergei Karpovich
Nominated – Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actor – Miniseries or a Movie

Class of '76
Detective Inspector Tom Monroe
Television film

2006
Born Equal
Robert
Television film

2008
The Last Enemy
David Russell
5 episodes

24: Redemption
Carl Benton
Television film

2009
The Unloved
Father
Scottish BAFTA for Best TV Actor

The Man Who Walked Around the World
Himself
Advert for Johnnie Walker[22]

Zig Zag Love
Jacko
Television film

2009–11
Stargate Universe
Doctor Nicholas Rush
40 episodes
Gemini Award Winner for Continuing Leading Dramatic Role 2010

2011–present
Once Upon a Time
Rumplestiltskin / Mr. Gold
137 episodes (end of season 6)

text: Video games[edit]

text:
Year
Title
Role
Notes

2006
Eragon
Shade Durza
Voice only

2010
Castlevania: Lords of Shadow
Gabriel Belmont
Voice only

2013
Castlevania: Lords of Shadow – Mirror of Fate
Gabriel Belmont / Dracula
Voice only

2014
Castlevania: Lords of Shadow 2
Gabriel Belmont / Dracula / Inner Dracula
Voice only

2014
Watch Dogs
Stephen Fedder
Mission: Pawnee Control Center Voice only

text: Music videos[edit]

text:
Year
Title
Role
Notes

2002
Oasis
"Little By Little"

text: Audio books[edit]

text:
Year
Title
Role
Notes

2008
The Cutting Room
Narrator