document_title: List of Riverdale characters

question_text: who plays betty cooper's dad in riverdale

question_tokens: who plays betty cooper 's dad in riverdale

text: List of Riverdale characters

text: Overview[edit]

text:
Actor

Character

Seasons

1

2

Main characters

KJ Apa

Archie Andrews

Main

Lili Reinhart

Betty Cooper

Main

Camila Mendes

Veronica Lodge

Main

Cole Sprouse

Jughead Jones

Main

Marisol Nichols

Hermione Lodge

Main

Madelaine Petsch

Cheryl Blossom

Main

Ashleigh Murray

Josie McCoy

Main

Mädchen Amick

Alice Cooper

Main

Luke Perry

Fred Andrews

Main

Mark Consuelos

Hiram Lodge

Main

Casey Cott

Kevin Keller

Recurring

Main

Skeet Ulrich

F.P. Jones

Recurring

Main

Recurring characters

Martin Cummins

Tom Keller

Recurring

Robin Givens

Sierra McCoy

Recurring

Nathalie Boltt

Penelope Blossom

Recurring

Lochlyn Munro

Hal Cooper

Recurring

Colin Lawrence

Floyd Clayton

Recurring

Guest

Peter James Bryant

Waldo Weatherbee

Recurring

Sarah Habel

Geraldine Grundy

Recurring

Guest

Ross Butler

Reggie Mantle

Recurring

Charles Melton

Recurring

Jordan Calloway

Chuck Clayton

Recurring

Rob Raco

Joaquin DeSantos

Recurring

Guest

Asha Bromfield

Melody Valentine

Recurring

Cody Kearsley

Marmaduke "Moose" Mason

Recurring

Hayley Law

Valerie Brown

Recurring

Shannon Purser

Ethel Muggs

Recurring

Trevor Stines

Jason Blossom

Recurring

Guest

Olivia Ryan Stern

Tina Patel

Recurring

Caitlin Mitchell-Markovitch

Ginger Lopez

Recurring

Major Curda

Dilton Doiley

Recurring

Tiera Skovbye

Polly Cooper

Recurring

Barclay Hope

Clifford Blossom

Recurring

Guest

Claudius Blossom

Recurring

Barbara Wallace

Roseanne "Rose" Blossom

Recurring

Alvin Sanders

Pop Tate

Recurring

Tom McBeath

Smithers

Recurring

Guest

Adain Bradley

Trev Brown

Recurring

Molly Ringwald

Mary Andrews

Recurring

Scott Mcneil

Tall Boy

Guest

Recurring

Emilija Baranac

Midge Klump

Recurring

Brit Morgan

Penny Peabody

Recurring

Stephan Miers

Andre

Recurring

Vanessa Morgan

Antoinette "Toni" Topaz

Recurring

Jordan Connor

Sweet Pea

Recurring

Drew Ray Tanner

Fangs Fogarty

Recurring

Graham Phillips

Nick St. Clair

Recurring

Cameron McDonald

Joseph Svenson

Recurring

Hart Denton

Chic Smith

Recurring

John Behlmann

Arthur Adams

Recurring

tag: table

text: Main characters[edit]

text: Archie Andrews[edit]

text: Archibald "Archie" Andrews (portrayed by KJ Apa) is the son of Fred and Mary Andrews and the boyfriend of Veronica Lodge.[1]

text: Archie is a student at Riverdale High School, a budding musician, and a football player for the Riverdale Bulldogs. His team number was number nine, given to him by Coach Clayton. This number was originally Jason Blossom's jersey, and so Archie took it upon himself to retire the jersey in Jason's honor and took the number seventeen in its place. Archie used to be the Captain of the football team but decided to defer his status as captain to Reggie Mantle after he felt more of an affinity with his music. Archie has been best friends with Jughead Jones and Betty Cooper since childhood. Betty develops feelings for Archie, in she ends up revealing to him. However, he doesn't reciprocate her feelings and decides to stay just friends with Betty, which causes minor temporary strain in their relationship. He instead is drawn to the new rich girl named Veronica who had just moved to Riverdale from New York following the arrest of her wealthy billionaire father Hiram Lodge after he committed fraud and embezzlement.

text: Betty Cooper[edit]

text: Elizabeth "Betty" Cooper (portrayed by Lili Reinhart) is the daughter of Hal and Alice Cooper, sister of Polly Cooper and half-sister of Charles Smith, the girlfriend of Jughead Jones and the aunt to Jason and Polly's twin babies.[2]

text: Betty is a student at Riverdale High School and longtime best friend of Archie Andrews, Jughead Jones, Kevin Keller and new girl Veronica Lodge. She is also a River Vixen at Riverdale High, as well as an editor for the school's newspaper, The Blue and Gold. Betty's family life was very tense, as her mother was extremely controlling, which led to her sister having a mental breakdown and being sent to live in a group home . Though her parents claimed this was caused by Polly's disastrous relationship with Jason Blossom, Betty knew better. As the only remaining daughter in the Cooper household, she was placed under immense pressure by her mother to be perfect in every way.

text: Veronica Lodge[edit]

text: Veronica Cecilia Lodge (portrayed by Camila Mendes) is the daughter of Hiram and Hermione Lodge, and the girlfriend of Archie Andrews.[3]

text: Veronica is a student at Riverdale High School. In addition, she is the leader of the band Veronica and the Pussycats and a member of the River Vixens. She moved from New York to her mother's hometown of Riverdale due to her father's arrest and subsequent incarceration. She struggles to find the truth behind her father's loyalties and intentions, as she fears what will happen once he is released from prison and back home with them. Meanwhile, she's also trying to reform herself into a better person.

text: Jughead Jones[edit]

text: Forsythe "Jughead" Jones III (portrayed by Cole Sprouse) is the son of F.P. and Mrs. Jones, brother of Jellybean Jones and the boyfriend of Betty Cooper.[2]

text: Jughead was a sophomore at Riverdale High School but following the arrest of his father F.P. Jones, the leader of the Southside Serpents, he was placed into foster care and, as a result, had to transfer to Southside High. While attending the gang and drug-infested high school, he re-opened the school newspaper, The Red and Black, where he was an editor, alongside new recruit, Toni Topaz, the newspaper's photographer, with Robert Phillips, their adviser until his arrest. However, with the closing of Southside High, Jughead has since returned to Riverdale High. He is a close friend of Archie Andrews and Betty Cooper, with whom he’s in a relationship with. He is also a member of the Southside Serpents, which he recently joined following his father's arrest, despite being advised against it, which he has yet to be reprimanded for.

text: Hermione Lodge[edit]

text: Hermione Apollonia Lodge (portrayed by Marisol Nichols) is the wife of Hiram Lodge and the mother of Veronica Lodge.[4]

text: Hermione grew up in Riverdale, and during that time, she would go on to date Fred Andrews. Throughout her high school years, Hermione worked at local businesses such as the Bijou and Spiffany's. During her youth, some would have described Hermione as a mean girl. She even believes her current misfortune was karma finally catching up to her. After she broke up with Fred, she married Hiram Lodge and the two moved to New York City. Together they had a daughter, Veronica. After Hiram was arrested for fraud and embezzlement, Hermione and Veronica left New York City and moved back to Riverdale. After the scandal, the only remaining property that was not seized because it was in Hermione's name was the luxurious apartment building, the Pembrooke, where she resides with her husband and daughter.

text: Cheryl Blossom[edit]

text: Cheryl Marjorie Blossom (portrayed by Madelaine Petsch) is the daughter of Clifford and Penelope Blossom, twin sister of Jason Blossom, and the aunt to Jason and Polly's twin babies.[5] She eventually becomes Toni Topaz's girlfriend.[6]

text: Cheryl is a student at Riverdale High School, head cheerleader of the River Vixens and the self-proclaimed Queen Bee at Riverdale High School. Cheryl's relationship with her family seemed to be quite strained ever since Jason's death. Her mother blamed her for assisting Jason in his attempt to run away from Riverdale, which essentially is what led to his demise. Cheryl's father thinks of her as a train wreck in comparison to Jason, who was considered the "Golden Boy". Cheryl eventually develops romantic feelings for Southside Serpent Toni Topaz, whom she grows close to after they see a movie together.

text: Josie McCoy[edit]

text: Josephine "Josie" McCoy (portrayed by Ashleigh Murray) is the daughter of Myles and Sierra McCoy.[1]

text: Josie is a student at Riverdale High School and was the lead singer, as well as the guitarist of her band, Josie and the Pussycats. After she secretly made the decision to pursue a solo career, Valerie Brown and Melody Valentine disbanded the from the group. Her father whose a man of music, gave her the name Josephine, naming Josie after the late singer Josephine Baker. Because of this, she often struggles to gain his approval while also trying to impress him. Unlike her father, Josie's mother, Sierra, is far more encouraging of her talents, especially where her band and music are concerned. They both enforce "black excellence", especially when the choice of the band members are concerned.

text: Alice Cooper[edit]

text: Alice Cooper (portrayed by Mädchen Amick) is the ex-wife of Hal Cooper, mother of Charles Smith, Betty and Polly Cooper, the grandmother of Jason and Polly's twin babies and the editor and co-owner of the local newspaper The Riverdale Register.[7]

text: Alice grew up on the south side of Riverdale and attended the local high school with Mary Andrews. She began dating Hal Cooper and they later went on to marry and have two daughters, Betty and Polly. During high school she became pregnant and Hal pushed her to have an abortion, as he did not think she was ready to be a mother. She refused an abortion and instead gave the baby up for adoption once he was born. Alice was the editor and co-owner of the local newspaper. One of Alice's greatest kept secrets was that she's a former member of the Southside Serpents. Following her arrest, she severed all ties with the gang, and erased, or at least thought to have erased every article of her arrest from the system archives.

text: Fred Andrews[edit]

text: Frederick "Fred" Andrews (portrayed by Luke Perry) is the ex-husband of Mary Andrews, father of Archie Andrews and the owner of Andrews Construction.[8]

text: Fred was raised in Riverdale, and like his son, attended the local high school, where he was close friends with F.P. Jones, and briefly dated Hermione Lodge, until she chose the rich kid, Hiram Lodge over him. During those high school years, Fred and F.P. spent an entire summer fixing up an old DW bus, which they later came to called "The Shaggin' Wagon". Following that, he and F.P. formed a band their senior year, which they named "The Fred Heads". Apparently, this attracted the attention of a lot of ladies for Fred. He later went on to marry Mary Andrews and she would give birth to their first and only child, Archie Andrews. However, that did not last. He and Mary separated, which was not amicable as the two had trouble being in the same room together without a mediator present and Mary moved away to Chicago.

text: Hiram Lodge[edit]

text: Hiram Lodge (portrayed by Mark Consuelos) is the husband of Hermione Lodge, father of Veronica Lodge and the CEO/President of Lodge Industries.

text: Hiram grew up in Riverdale, where he was known as the rich kid. During this time, he dated Hermione, who broke up with Fred Andrews to be with him. Along with building a relationship with Hermione, he forged a rivalry with Clifford Blossom. It was later revealed that while attending Riverdale High School, Hiram was the wrestling state champion, earning him a trophy for his great achievement. After graduating, he and Hermione moved to New York, and some time later got married and had a daughter, Veronica, and they all lived together in New York living a luxurious lifestyle. However, their fancy life and luxurious living didn't last forever as Hiram was arrested for fraud and embezzlement. Despite his imprisonment, Hiram still ran his business and criminal empire from behind bars. He has been released from prison and has now taken up residence at the Pembrooke in Riverdale with his wife and daughter. Since his release, he has secretly purchased Pop's Chock'lit Shoppe, hiring Pop Tate as manager in exchange for his silence. Hiram is also business partners with Fred Andrews, working on the SoDale project together, an arrangement that was put in place by Hermione, in an effort to legitimize Lodge Industries.

text: Consuelos joined the series in the second season.[9]

text: Kevin Keller[edit]

text: Kevin Keller (portrayed by Casey Cott) is the son of Tom and Mrs. Keller.[10]

text: Kevin is a sophomore at Riverdale High School and the best friend of Betty Cooper. Along with that, he has become Veronica's G.B.F. (gay best friend). Kevin also struggles with his sexuality, as he doesn't have the same options as his friends do. Because of this, it often causes Kevin to act recklessly at times. He has dated Joaquin, as well as had some interaction with Moose Mason, but Joaquin left Riverdale, forcing their break-up and Moose is unwilling to be "out" like Kevin, forcing him to resort to other means in order to feel something. But lately, Kevin has revealed strong feelings towards Moose, that were either rejected or unnoticed.

text: In the season two finale, after Moose is upset about the death of Midge, he and Moose share a kiss.

text: Cott was promoted to series regular for the second season after recurring in the first.[11]

text: F.P. Jones[edit]

text: Forsythe Pendleton "F.P." Jones II (portrayed by Skeet Ulrich) is the ex-husband of Mrs. Jones, father of Jughead and Jellybean Jones and the leader of the Southside Serpents.[12]

text: F.P. grew up in Riverdale and attended Riverdale High School with best friend Fred Andrews, Mary Andrews, Penelope Blossom, Alice Cooper, Hal Cooper and Hermione Lodge.At the age of sixteen, F.P.'s father put him out of the house and "told him to go to hell". Instead, he joined the Southside Serpents, who accepted him as one of their own. Soon thereafter, he enlisted in the army. After serving his country, F.P. returned to Riverdale, picking up from where he left off with the Serpents. F.P. and Fred Andrews later went on to found a construction company together but barely made enough to stay in business. By that time, F.P. had married and become a father to two young children, whom he and his wife would frequently take to the Twilight Drive-In, however, they often couldn't afford tickets for everyone, so the kids would hide in the trunk until they parked. While Fred had his wife and son, Archie, to provide for, F.P. had his family as well as many hospital bills. Due to this, F.P. became involved in a string of criminal activities which would often end with him getting arrested and Fred having to bail him out. Eventually, he became too big of a liability for their company and was forced by Fred to resign.

text: After losing his job, F.P. began drinking heavily which led the Jones family to fall apart. F.P.'s wife left him and took their daughter with her to Toledo to live with the kids' grandparents, and Jughead began living out of the projection booth of the drive-in where he had found employment. F.P. ended up living alone at the Sunnyside Trailer Park, where he continued drinking. At an unknown point, F.P. became the leader of the Southside Serpents, a dangerous biker gang of thugs and criminals.

text: Ulrich was promoted to series regular for the second season after recurring in the first.[13]

text: Recurring characters[edit]

text: Introduced in season one[edit]

text:
Martin Cummins as Tom Keller: The town's police sheriff and Kevin's father.[14]
Robin Givens as Sierra McCoy: The Mayor of Riverdale and mother of Josie McCoy.[15]
Nathalie Boltt as Penelope Blossom: Cheryl and Jason's mother.
Lochlyn Munro as Hal Cooper: Polly and Betty's father, and Alice Cooper's husband.[16]
Colin Lawrence as Floyd Clayton: Chuck's father, and coach of Riverdale Bulldogs Football Team.
Peter James Bryant as Waldo Weatherbee: Riverdale High School's principal.
Sarah Habel as Geraldine Grundy: Riverdale High School's young music teacher, who had a sexual relationship with Archie over the summer. It is revealed in the fourth episode of Riverdale that Grundy moved to Riverdale after changing her name from Jennifer Gibson after her divorce, to escape from an abusive relationship. Since then Grundy has moved from Riverdale to avoid police capture because of her relationship with Archie.
Ross Butler (season 1) and Charles Melton (season 2) as Reginald "Reggie" Mantle: Archie's long-time friend and rival, a football player at Riverdale High and town prankster.[17] Butler left the series after season 1 owing to his commitments as a series regular on 13 Reasons Why; Melton has been cast to take over the role of Reggie in season 2.[18][19] Melton will be promoted to a series regular in season 3.[20]
Jordan Calloway as Chuck Clayton: A football-star jock at Riverdale High School with a reputation for being a player[21]
Rob Raco as Joaquin DeSantos: The youngest member of the Southside Serpents, who finds himself tied between a romantic relationship with Kevin and the mystery of Jason Blossom's murder.[22]
Asha Bromfield as Melody Valentine: The drummer for the popular band Josie and the Pussycats.
Cody Kearsley as Marmaduke "Moose" Mason: Archie's bicurious jock friend who propositions Kevin.[17]
Hayley Law as Valerie Brown: The songwriter, bassist, and backup vocalist for the popular band Josie and the Pussycats and Archie's ex-girlfriend.
Shannon Purser as Ethel Muggs: A victim of Chuck Clayton's slut-shaming who is also facing problems with her dad's condition due to Hiram Lodge.[23]
Trevor Stines as Jason Blossom: Cheryl's twin brother, whose murder hangs over the town of Riverdale.
Olivia Ryan Stern as Tina Patel: The super-smart little sister of Archie Comics character Raj Patel, Tina has been described as an Indian Veronica. Tina is one of Cheryl Blossom's best friends.
Caitlin Mitchell-Markovitch as Ginger Lopez: One of Cheryl's best friends.
Major Curda as Dilton Doiley: The leader of the town's troop of Ranger Scouts. Daniel Yang portrayed Dilton in the pilot.
Tiera Skovbye as Polly Cooper: Betty's older sister, and the daughter of Alice and Hal Cooper. She is pregnant with Jason Blossom's children.[24]
Barclay Hope as Clifford Blossom: Cheryl and Jason's father.
Barbara Wallace as Roseanne "Rose" Blossom: Cheryl and Jason's grandmother.
Alvin Sanders as Pop Tate: The owner of the local diner; Pop's Chock'lit Shoppe.[25]
Tom McBeath as Smithers: The Lodge family butler.[21]
Adain Bradley as Trev Brown: Valerie's younger brother.
Molly Ringwald as Mary Andrews: Archie's mother, who left Archie and Fred for Chicago.[26]
Scott McNeil as Tall Boy: FP's right hand man, who becomes the de-facto leader of the Serpents in season 2.

text: Introduced in season two[edit]

text:
Emilija Baranac as Midge Klump: Moose's girlfriend and member of Riverdale's cheerleading squad.
Brit Morgan as Penny Peabody: A member of the Southside Serpents, who blackmails Jughead in season 2.
Stephan Miers as Andre: The Lodges' capo and personal assistant in season 2.
Vanessa Morgan as Antoinette "Toni" Topaz: A bisexual member of the Southside Serpents, who befriends Jughead in season 2. Morgan will be promoted to a series regular in season 3.[20]
Jordan Connor as Sweet Pea: A member of the Southside Serpents, who befriends Jughead in season 2.
Drew Ray Tanner as Fangs Fogarty: A new member of the Southside Serpents, who was good friend with Joaquin, and befriends Jughead in season 2.
Graham Phillips as Nick St. Clair: A devious, trouble-making bad boy from Veronica's past, who comes to Riverdale looking to win her back in season 2.
Cameron McDonald as Joseph Svenson: The janitor at Riverdale High School in season 2 and notably the only survivor of the Conway family massacre forty years ago by the hands of the Riverdale Reaper.
Hart Denton as Chic Smith: Betty and Polly's long-lost older brother who appears in season 2.[27]
John Behlmann as Arthur Adams: Hermione Lodge's capo who she tasked with applying pressure to Archie Andrews as a test to his loyalty in season 2.
Barclay Hope as Claudius Blossom: Cheryl and Jason's uncle, and Clifford Blossom's estranged twin brother who appears in season 2.[28]

text: Introduced in season three[edit]

text: Penelope Ann Miller as Ms. Wright: The district attorney in charge of prosecuting Archie's murder case in season 3.[29]

text: Guest stars[edit]

text: Raúl Castillo as Oscar Castillo: A successful songwriter from New York.[30]


document_title: Michigan Wolverines men's basketball

question_text: when was the last time university of michigan won the ncaa tournament

root

text: Michigan Wolverines men's basketball

text: Michigan's history[edit]

text: Early years (1908–19)[edit]

text: As a result of public and alumni demand for a basketball team, Michigan fielded a team of members of the then-current student body and achieved a 1–4 record for the 1908–09 season. However, after three years of demanding a basketball program, the student body did not attend the games and the program was terminated due to low attendance.[9] Basketball returned in 1917 in what was considered the inaugural season of varsity basketball. The team was coached by Elmer Mitchell who instituted the intramural sports program at Michigan. The team finished 6–12 overall (0–10, Big Ten). The following year Mitchell led the team to a 16–8 (5–5) record.[9]

tag: p

text: Mather era (1919–28)[edit]

text: E. J. Mather coached the team to three Big Ten titles in his nine seasons as coach. After inheriting Mitchell's team, which he led to a 10–13 overall (3–9, Big Ten) record during the 1919–20 season, he led the team to an 18–4 overall (8–4, Big Ten) record during the 1920–21 season.[9] This 1921 team won its first eight and last eight games to tie the Wisconsin Badgers and Purdue Boilermakers for the Big Ten title.[10] The team won back-to-back championships in 1925–26 and 1926–27.[9] The 1926 squad, which was captained by Richard Doyle who became the team's first All-American, tied with Purdue, the Iowa Hawkeyes and Indiana Hoosiers for the conference championship. The 1927 team had a new All-American, Bennie Oosterbaan, and won the school's first back-to-back championships and first outright championship with a 14–3 overall (10–2, Big Ten) record.[9][10] Mather died after a lengthy battle with cancer in August 1928.[9]

text: Veenker era (1928–31)[edit]

text: George F. Veenker compiled the highest overall and highest Big Ten winning percentages of any coach in school history during his three years as coach. He earned 1st(tied), 3rd and 2nd(tied) finishes during his three seasons, which included the 1928–29 conference championship. During Veenker's first season his team compiled a 13–3 overall (10–2, Big Ten) record to win the conference, and Veenker continues to be the only coach in school history to win a conference championship in his first season.[10][11] The championship team, which finished tied with Wisconsin, was captained by the school's third All-American Ernie McCoy.[10] Veenker resigned to become the Iowa State Cyclones football head coach.[11]

text: Cappon era (1931–38)[edit]

text: Franklin Cappon had a long history of association with Michigan athletics starting with his service as a four-time letterman in football and basketball from 1919 to 1923. In 1928, he became assistant football and basketball coach and in 1929 he served as Fielding H. Yost's assistant Athletic Director.[12] Although the highlight of Cappon's tenure as coach was a 16–4 (9–3) third place 1936–37 Big Ten finish, he coached John Townsend who in his 1937–38 senior season became last All-American for at least 10 years.[4][13] The team finished third in two other seasons with less impressive records of 10–8 overall (8–4, Big Ten) in 1932–33 and 15–5 overall (7–5, Big Ten) 1935–36,[14] and Cappon's overall record was 78–57 overall (44–40, Big Ten).[12] A notable captain during the Cappon era was 1933–34 captain Ted Petoskey, a two-time football All-American end and eventual Major League Baseball player.[15]

text: Oosterbaan era (1938–46)[edit]

text: In 1938 Michigan coaching duties were assumed by one of its greatest athletes. Bennie Oosterbaan had been an All-American in both football and basketball and held various coaching positions at Michigan in both of those sports as well as baseball. In basketball, he implemented a fast-paced attack as coach, and his teams' best overall record was 13–7 in 1939–40. That season he tied with his final season for his best Big Ten record at 6–6. He resigned after eight seasons to concentrate on his football coaching duties.[12]

text: Cowles era (1946–48)[edit]

text: Under Ozzie Cowles, during the 1947–48 season, Michigan ended the longest (19 years) consecutive year period without a conference championship in school history. They also became the first contestants in the NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament during Cowles second of two seasons.[16] The 1947–48 team posted a 16–6 overall (10–2, Big Ten) record. This team also posted the first undefeated home performance in school history with a 9–0 overall (6–0, Big Ten) record.[14]

text: McCoy era (1948–52)[edit]

text: Ernie McCoy became the second former All-American Wolverine player to coach the team.[3] Like Oosterbaan before him, he became a football and baseball coach at Michigan. He also served as assistant Athletic Director under Fritz Crisler. During his four seasons as basketball coach, Michigan's best finish was during the 1948–49 season when they finished 15–6 overall (7–5, Big Ten) and earned a third place Big Ten Conference finish. He coached Michigan's first All-Big Ten basketball players that season in Pete Elliot and captain Bob Harrison who were both selected to the first team.[17] Harrison returned the following season as the first repeat first-team All-Big Ten basketball player and Elliot was a second-team honoree.[18] McCoy served as a football scout at the same time.[17]

text: Perigo era (1952–60)[edit]

text: Bill Perigo took over the Michigan coaching job after having served three seasons as Western Michigan basketball coach. Despite previous success as a conference basketball champion coach at Western and subsequent success as a Michigan High School Athletic Association (MHSAA) champion basketball coach, his Michigan teams endured several mediocre seasons.[17] His best Big Ten records came in 1956–57 and 1958–59 when his teams compiled 8–6 conference records. The latter team was tied for second in the conference and was 15–7 overall (8–6, Big Ten).[19] It also had Perigo's only first-team All-Big Ten athlete in M. C. Burton.[18] Team captain and two-time football consensus All-American Ron Kramer was third-team All-Big Ten in 1957 after being second-team All-Big Ten in both 1955 and 1956.[18]

text: Strack era (1960–68)[edit]

text: Dave Strack, a former team 1945–46 captain, had become the freshman basketball team coach in 1948 and later had become a variety assistant to Perigo.[20] He led the team to three consecutive Big Ten Championships from 1963–66 and a third-place finish in the 1964 NCAA tournament. During 1964–65 the team compiled a 24–4 overall (13–1, Big Ten) record while completing an undefeated 11–0 overall (7–0, Big Ten) home season and was the national runner-up, falling to John Wooden's UCLA in the 1965 championship game. Strack earned United Press International (UPI) National Coach of the Year honors. The team ended the season listed number one in both the UPI and Associated Press (AP) national rankings. He recruited All-Americans Russell and Buntin to anchor his mid-1960s teams.[20] Tomjanovich also became a Wolverine at the end of Strack's career and became second team All-Big Ten in 1968 subsequent later stardom.[18] The 1964 team, which went 23–5 overall (11–3, Big Ten), tied with Ohio State with sophomore Russell and junior Buntin. In 1965, Buntin became the first Wolverine to be drafted by the NBA. In 1966, Russell led the team to its third straight conference championship and NCAA selection on his way to National Player of the Year honors.[16]

text: Orr era (1968–80)[edit]

text: In Johnny Orr's twelve seasons, he twice (1973–74 and 1976–77) earned Big Ten Coach of the Year honors with Big Ten championships. His teams earned four consecutive NCAA selections from 1974–77. The 25–7 overall (14–4, Big Ten) 1976 team lost to an undefeated Indiana team in the NCAA championship game, and Orr earned National Association of Basketball Coaches Coach of the Year honors that season. The 26–4 overall (16–2, Big Ten) 1977 team finished first in both the AP and UPI national rankings, and Orr won Basketball Weekly National Coach of the Year honors.[21] During Orr's tenure, six players earned a total of seven All-American recognitions, which is the most of any Michigan coach.[3] Steve Grote became Michigan's only three-time first-team Academic All-American from 1975–77 and with a second team All Big Ten as well as three honorable mentions was the first four-time All-Big Ten honoree.[22]

text: Frieder era (1980–89)[edit]

text: Bill Frieder, who had been an assistant coach for seven years, took over from Orr in 1980. He coached the school's first post-season basketball champions during the 1983–84 season and the following two teams were back-to-back conference champions. The 1983–84 team compiled a 24–9 overall (11–7, Big Ten) record on their way to a NIT championship victory over Notre Dame. The 1984–85 team went 26–4 overall (16–2, Big Ten), which earned Frieder Big Ten and AP National Coach of the Year honors. The 1985–86 team, which finished 28–5 overall (14–4, Big Ten), started the season with sixteen victories to make a total of thirty-three consecutive regular season victories. Frieder earned five of Michigan's six consecutive NCAA births from 1985–90, currently the longest streak in program history.[23] Roy Tarpley led the 1985 team as Big Ten MVP.[23] Frieder resigned, upon request,[24] immediately prior to the 1989 NCAA tournament to assume the coaching job for the Arizona State Sun Devils men's basketball team.[25]

text: Fisher era (1989–97)[edit]

text: Steve Fisher assumed the coaching position immediately before the 1989 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament from Frieder after having served and led the team to six straight victories and the championship. Fisher also signed the most famous recruiting class known as the Fab Five (Chris Webber, Juwan Howard, Jalen Rose, Jimmy King and Ray Jackson). He would take these players to the NCAA championship game as Freshmen and Sophomores.[26] In their sophomore 1992–93 season they compiled a 31–5 overall (15–3, Big Ten) record,[26] which has since been vacated. Fisher also won the 1997 NIT tournament with a team that compiled a 25–9 overall (11–5) record.[26][27] Many of Fisher's accomplishments were tarnished by NCAA sanctions. He left the job due to the University of Michigan basketball scandal.[28]

text: Ellerbe era (1997–2001)[edit]

text: Brian Ellerbe assumed the title of interim coach less than five months after becoming an assistant coach. He was named full-time coach following the 25–9 (11–5) 1997–98 season in which he led the team to victories over Iowa, Minnesota and Purdue to capture the Big Ten Conference Men's Basketball Tournament championship. His subsequent teams never finished better than seventh in the conference.[29]

text: Amaker era (2001–07)[edit]

text: Tommy Amaker inherited a team that imposed sanctions on itself after his first year at the helm of the program.[30] Nonetheless, he coached the team to the postseason three times including both an NIT championship in 2004 and a runner-up finish in 2006. During the 2005–06, when the team compiled a 22–11 overall (8–8, Big Ten) record, he led them to their first national ranking in eight years when they reached the #20 position.[31] Despite his successes, the team never won a Big Ten Championship and never made the NCAA tournament, which led to his firing after six seasons.[7]

text: Beilein era (2007–present)[edit]

text: John Beilein's 10–22 overall (5–13 Big Ten) inaugural season featured the most losses in Michigan's history. However, in Beilein's second season, the team posted impressive non-conference victories over top-five ranked opponents UCLA and Duke. Beilein led Michigan to the 2009 NCAA Tournament, its first appearance since 1998 and the first that was not vacated since 1995.[32] After upsetting Clemson in the first round, the Wolverines were eliminated by Oklahoma in Round 2 by a final score of 73–63.[33]

text: Following a disappointing 15–17 season in 2009–10, the Wolverines bounced back to return to the NCAA Tournament in 2011, advancing to the round of 32 before losing to top-seeded Duke, 73–71. The 2010–11 Wolverines, who swept rival Michigan State for the first time since 1997, finished the season 21–14. In the 2011–12 season, Michigan split the season series with both Ohio State and Michigan State and went on to be co-Big Ten champs along with the Buckeyes and Spartans. It was the program's first Big Ten title for Michigan since 1986. The Wolverines finished the season 24-10 and 13-5 in conference play, losing in the opening round of the NCAA Tournament.

text: The 2012–13 Michigan team earned a #1 ranking in the AP Poll on January 28, 2013, marking the first time since November 30, 1992, that Michigan held that position.[34] The team also made program history for the best season start, at 21–2. On March 31, The Wolverines defeated Florida by a score of 79–59 to make their first Final Four appearance since the 1992–93 season. The Wolverines then defeated Syracuse by a score of 61–56 in the Final Four. In the 2013 National Championship game, the Wolverines lost against Louisville by the score of 82–76.

text: The 2013–14 team had another strong season, winning Michigan's first outright Big Ten championship since 1986 and advancing to the Elite Eight of the NCAA tournament, where it lost to Kentucky, 75–72.

text: During the 2016–17 season, Beilein became the winningest coach in school history, passing Johnny Orr with his 210th win, 75–55 over Illinois on March 9 in the opening round of the 2017 Big Ten Tournament. Michigan went on to win the tournament, its first since the vacated 1998 title, winning four games in four days as the #8 seed and capping it off with a 71–56 championship victory over Wisconsin.

text: During the 2017–18 season, Beilein's Wolverines again won four games in four days to win back-to-back Big Ten Tournament championships for the first time in school history. The team went on to win the West regional title and advance to the Final Four following its win over Florida State, 58-54. The win improved the team's record to 32-7, marking a new school record for victories. The 2017–18 Michigan Wolverines men's basketball team moved on to the NCAA tournament championship, where they lost against Villanova to a score of 79-62.

text: Coaching Staff[edit]

text: As of March 3, 2018

text:
Name
Position coached
Consecutive season at
Michigan in current position

John Beilein
Head coach
11th

Saddi Washington
Assistant Coach
2nd

DeAndre Haynes
Assistant Coach
1st

Luke Yaklich
Assistant Coach
1st

Chris Hunter
Director of Basketball Operations
1st

Jon Sanderson
Head Strength and Conditioning Coach
7th

Alex Wong, Mississippi, AT, ATC
Athletic Trainer
3rd

Bryan Smothers
Graduate Assistant

Devon Mulry
Graduate Manager

Reference:[35]

text: Championships[edit]

text: NCAA National Championships[edit]

text:
Year
Coach
Opponent
Score
Site
Overall Record
Big Ten Record

1989
Steve Fisher
Seton Hall
80–79 (OT)
Seattle
30–7
12–6

National Championships
1

text: Big Ten Regular Season Championships[edit]

text:
Year
Coach
Overall Record
Conference Record

1921§
E. J. Mather
18–4
8–4

1926§
E. J. Mather
12–5
8–4

1927
E. J. Mather
14–3
10–2

1929§
George Veenker
13–3
10–2

1948
Ozzie Cowles
16–6
10–2

1964§
Dave Strack
23–5
11–3

1965
Dave Strack
24–4
13–1

1966
Dave Strack
18–8
11–3

1974§
Johnny Orr
22–5
12–2

1977
Johnny Orr
26–4
16–2

1985
Bill Frieder
26–4
16–2

1986
Bill Frieder
28–5
14–4

2012§
John Beilein
24–10
13–5

2014
John Beilein
28–9
15–3

Big Ten Regular Season Championships
14

text: § – Conference co-champions

text: Big Ten Tournament Championships[edit]

text:
Year
Coach
Opponent
Score
Site
Overall Record
Big Ten Record

2017
John Beilein
Wisconsin
71–56
Washington, D.C.
26–12
10–8

2018
John Beilein
Purdue
75–66
New York City
33–8
13–5

Big Ten Tournament Championships
2

text: *Later vacated by NCAA

text: Rivalries[edit]

text:
Duke–Michigan basketball rivalry
Michigan–Michigan State basketball rivalry
Michigan–Ohio State basketball rivalry

tag: ul

text: Record against Big Ten opponents[edit]

text:
Opponent
Series record

Illinois
84*–87 (80–87)

Indiana
61*–106 (58–106)

Iowa
94*–63 (90–63)

Maryland
6–6

Michigan State
100*–81 (93–81)

Minnesota
93*–66 (87–66)

Nebraska
15*–3 (14–3)

Northwestern
112*–59 (106–59)

Ohio State
78*–102 (72–102)

Penn State
35*–12 (29–12)

Purdue
71*–88 (66–88)

Rutgers
10–0

Wisconsin
94*–71 (87–71)

Total
853*–745 (798–745)

text: Totals through March 4, 2018

text: Fab Five[edit]

text: The Fab Five, the 1991 recruiting class of five freshman starters, were Chris Webber, Juwan Howard, Jalen Rose, Jimmy King, and Ray Jackson. They were notable for having gone to the championship game of the 1992 and 1993 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament as freshmen and sophomores, for having started the trend of wearing baggy gym shorts,[36][37] which was later popularized by Michael Jordan,[38] and for wearing black athletic socks.[38][39] Due to the Ed Martin scandal, the records from their 1992 Final Four appearance and the entire following season have been forfeited.[38] Although Webber was the only member of the Fab Five officially implicated with the scandal, the reputation of the whole group has been tarnished.[40] Webber (1993), Howard (1994) and Rose (1992, 1994) were college basketball All-Americans.[3][41] and both King (1995 3rd team and 1993 & 1994 honorable mention) and Jackson (1995 2nd team & 1994 honorable mention) achieved All-Big Ten honors.[18] All but Jackson played in the NBA.[42] They were the subject of Mitch Albom's book entitled Fab Five: Basketball, Trash Talk, the American Dream,[43] which at one point was under development by Fox Television as a made-for-television movie.[44] In March 2011 ESPN broadcast a documentary, Fab Five, that was the network's highest-rated in its history.

text: Ed Martin scandal[edit]

text: During the University of Michigan basketball scandal the Big Ten Conference, National Collegiate Athletic Association, Federal Bureau of Investigation, Internal Revenue Service, and United States Department of Justice investigated the relationship between the University of Michigan, its men's basketball teams and basketball team booster Ed Martin. The program was punished for NCAA rules violations, principally involving payments booster Martin made to several players to launder money from an illegal gambling operation. It is one of the largest incidents involving payments to college athletes in American collegiate history.[45] It was described as one of the three or four worst violations of NCAA bylaws in history up to that time by the NCAA infractions committee chairman and the largest athlete payment scandal ever by ESPN.[45][46]

text: The case began when the investigation of an automobile rollover accident during Mateen Cleaves' 1996 Michigan Wolverines recruiting trip revealed a curious relationship between Martin and the team. Several Michigan basketball players were implicated over the next few years and by 1999 several were called before a federal grand jury. Four eventual professional basketball players (Chris Webber, Maurice Taylor, Robert Traylor and Louis Bullock) were discovered to have borrowed a total of $616,000 from Martin.[45] During the investigation, Webber claimed not to have had any financial relationship with Martin. Eventually he confessed to having accepted some of the money he was charged with having borrowed. For his perjury during a federal grand jury investigation, he was both fined in the legal system and briefly suspended by National Basketball Association after performing public service.[47][48]

text: In 2002, the University punished itself when it became apparent that its players were guilty by declaring itself ineligible for post season play immediately, returning post season play monetary rewards, vacating five seasons of games, removing commemorative banners, and placing itself on a two-year probation.[49] The following year, the NCAA accepted these punishments, doubled both the probation period and the post-season ineligibility, penalized the school one scholarship for four seasons, and ordered disassociation from the four guilty players until 2012.[46][50] The disasociation formally ended on May 8, 2013.[51] The additional year of post-season ineligibility was overturned on appeal.[52][53]

text: The punishment cost the 17–13 2002–03 team its post-season eligibility, cost past teams the 1997 National Invitation Tournament and the 1998 Big Ten Tournament championships as well as 1992 and 1993 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament Final Four recognition. It cost Traylor his MVP awards in the 1997 NIT and 1998 Big Ten Tournament, as well as Bullock's standing as the school's third all-time leading scorer and all-time leader in 3-point field goals. Steve Fisher lost his job as Michigan head coach as a result of the scandal.[8]

text: Coaching records[edit]

text:
Overall
Conference

Coach
Years
Record
Pct.
Record
Pct.
Note

George D. Corneal
1908–09
1–4
.200

Elmer Mitchell
1917–19
22–20
.524
5–15
.250

E. J. Mather
1919–28
108–53
.671
64–43
.598
3 Western (Big Nine) Conference Championships (1921, 1926, 1927)[10]

George Veenker
1928–31
35–12
.745
24–10
.706
1929 Western (Big Nine) Conference Championship[10]

Frank Cappon
1931–38
78–57
.578
44–40
.524

Bennie Oosterbaan
1938–46
81–72
.529
40–59
.404

Osborne Cowles
1946–48
28–14
.667
16–8
.667
1948 Western (Big Nine) Conference Championship[16]

Ernest McCoy
1948–52
40–47
.460
18–34
.346

William Perigo
1952–60
78–100
.438
38–78
.328

Dave Strack
1960–68
113–89
.559
58–54
.518
3 Big Ten Conference Championships (1964, 1965, 1966), 2 Final Fours (1964, 1965)[16]

Johnny Orr
1968–80
209–113
.649
120–72
.625
2 Big Ten Conference Championships (1974, 1977), 1976 Final Four[23]

Bill Frieder
1980–89
191–87
.687
98–64
.605
1984 National Invitation Tournament Championship, 2 Big Ten Conference Championships (1985, 1986)[23]

Steve Fisher
1989–97
184*–82*
108–53
.692*
.671
88*–56*
54–36
.611*
.600
1989 NCAA Tournament Championship, 3 Final Fours (1989, 1992*, 1993*), 1997 National Invitation Tournament Championship*[27]

Brian Ellerbe
1997–2001
62*–60*
25–32
.508*
.439
26*–38*
10–22
.406*
.313
1998 Big Ten Tournament Championship*[54]

Tommy Amaker
2001–07
109–83
.568
43–53
.448
2004 National Invitation Tournament Championship[27]

John Beilein
2007–present
248–143
.634
111–87
.561
2 Big Ten Conference Championships (2012, 2014), 2 Final Fours (2013, 2018), 2 Big Ten Tournament Championships (2017, 2018)

Total
1908–09
1917–present
1587–1038*
1474–1034
.605*
.588
793*–711*
744–711
.527*
.511

text: Honored players and coaches[edit]

text: Below are lists of important players and coaches in the history of Michigan Wolverines men's basketball. It includes lists of major awards and retired numbers. The honors include: Helms Foundation Player of the Year, UPI Player of the Year, Sporting News Player of the Year, Naismith Trophy, Wooden Award, Associated Press Player of the Year, NABC Player of the Year, Oscar Robertson Trophy, NCAA Tournament MOP, National Invitation Tournament MVP, Big Ten Tournament MVP, Chicago Tribune Silver Basketball, Big Ten Player of the Year, All-America, Wayman Tisdale Award, Bob Cousy Award, UPI Coach of the Year, Henry Iba Award, NABC Coach of the Year, AP Coach of the Year.

text: Retired numbers[edit]

text:
Michigan Wolverines retired numbers

No.
Player
Position
Career
No. retirement

22
Bill Buntin
PF, C
1962–65
January 7, 2006

33
Cazzie Russell
SG, SF
1963–66
December 11, 1993

35
Phil Hubbard
PF, C
1975–79
January 11, 2004

41
Glen Rice
SF
1985–89
February 20, 2005[55]

45
Rudy Tomjanovich
PF
1967–70
February 8, 2003

text: Awards[edit]

text:
National Player of the Year

1966 – Cazzie Russell (AP, USBWA, UPI, Helms, The Sporting News)
2013 – Trey Burke (AP, USBWA, NABC, Naismith, Wooden)

Wayman Tisdale Award

1992 – Chris Webber

Bob Cousy Award

2013 – Trey Burke

NCAA Tournament MOP

1989 – Glen Rice

National Invitation Tournament MVP

1984 – Tim McCormick
1997 – Robert Traylor*
2004 – Daniel Horton

Big Ten Tournament MVP

1998 – Robert Traylor*
2017 – Derrick Walton
2018 – Moe Wagner

Chicago Tribune Silver Basketball

1965 – Cazzie Russell
1966 – Cazzie Russell
1974 – Campy Russell
1985 – Roy Tarpley
1988 – Gary Grant
1989 – Glen Rice

Big Ten Player of the Year

1985 – Roy Tarpley
1988 – Gary Grant
1989 – Glen Rice
2013 – Trey Burke
2014 – Nik Stauskas

Big Ten Freshman of the Year

1985 – Gary Grant
1992 – Chris Webber
1995 – Maurice Taylor
2000 – LaVell Blanchard
2003 – Daniel Horton
2012 – Trey Burke

Big Ten Defensive Player of the Year

1987 – Gary Grant
1988 – Gary Grant

All-Americans

1924 – Harry Kipke (c 1924)
1926 – Richard Doyle (c 1926)
1927–28 – Bennie Oosterbaan (c 1927, 1928)
1929 – Ernie McCoy
1929 – Joseph Truskowski
1937–38 – John Townsend
1948 – Pete Elliott
1957 – Ron Kramer
1964–65 – Bill Buntin
1964–66 – Cazzie Russell (c 1965, 1966)
1970– Rudy Tomjanovich
1971–72 – Henry Wilmore
1974 – Campy Russell
1975 – C.J. Kupec
1976–77 – Rickey Green (c 1977)
1977 – Phil Hubbard
1981 – Mike McGee
1981 – Eric Turner
1985–86 – Roy Tarpley
1987–88 – Gary Grant (c 1988)
1988–89 – Glen Rice
1990 – Terry Mills
1990 – Rumeal Robinson
1990 – Loy Vaught
1992 – Jalen Rose
1992–93 – Chris Webber (c 1993)
1994 – Juwan Howard
1994 – Jalen Rose
1998 – Louis Bullock
1998 – Robert Traylor
2012–13 – Trey Burke (c 2013)
2014 – Nik Stauskas

National Coach of the Year

1965 – Dave Strack (UPI)
1976 – Johnny Orr (NABC, USBWA)
1977 – Johnny Orr (Basketball Weekly)
1985 – Bill Frieder (AP, Basketball Weekly)
1992 – Steve Fisher (Basketball Times)

Big Ten Coach of the Year

1974 – Johnny Orr
1977 – Johnny Orr
1985 – Bill Frieder
2014 – John Beilein

text: Postseason[edit]

text: NCAA Tournament results[edit]

text: The University of Michigan has an all-time 59–27* (52–23) record overall and 1–6* (1–4) championship game record in the NCAA Tournaments in 28* (24) appearances.[56][57][58] Glen Rice holds the NCAA single-tournament scoring record with 184 points in 1989.[59] The 1992 Final Four and all 1993, 1996, & 1998 games have been forfeited due to NCAA sanctions.[56]

text:
Year
Round
Opponent
Result

1948
Elite Eight
Regional Third Place
Holy Cross
Columbia
L 43–63
W 66–49

1964
Sweet Sixteen
Elite Eight
Final Four
National Third Place
Loyola Chicago
Ohio
Duke
Kansas State
W 84–80
W 69–57
L 80–91
W 100–90

1965
Sweet Sixteen
Elite Eight
Final Four
National Championship
Dayton
Vanderbilt
Princeton
UCLA
W 98–71
W 87–85
W 93–76
L 80–91

1966
Sweet Sixteen
Elite Eight
Western Kentucky
Kentucky
W 80–79
L 77–84

1974
Sweet Sixteen
Elite Eight
Notre Dame
Marquette
W 77–68
L 70–72

1975
First Round
UCLA
L 91–103OT

1976
First Round
Sweet Sixteen
Elite Eight
Final Four
National Championship
Wichita State
Notre Dame
Missouri
Rutgers
Indiana
W 74–73
W 80–76
W 95–88
W 86–70
L 68–86

1977
First Round
Sweet Sixteen
Elite Eight
Holy Cross
Detroit
Charlotte
W 92–81
W 86–81
L 68–75

1985
First Round
Second Round
Fairleigh Dickinson
Villanova
W 59–55
L 55–59

1986
First Round
Second Round
Akron
Iowa State
W 70–64
L 69–72

1987
First Round
Second Round
Navy
North Carolina
W 97–82
L 97–109

1988
First Round
Second Round
Sweet Sixteen
Boise State
Florida
North Carolina
W 63–58
W 108–85
L 69–78

1989
First Round
Second Round
Sweet Sixteen
Elite Eight
Final Four
National Championship
Xavier
South Alabama
North Carolina
Virginia
Illinois
Seton Hall
W 92–87
W 91–82
W 92–87
W 102–65
W 83–81
W 80–79OT

1990
First Round
Second Round
Illinois State
Loyola Marymount
W 76–70
L 115–149

1992
First Round
Second Round
Sweet Sixteen
Elite Eight
Final Four
National Championship
Temple
East Tennessee State
Oklahoma State
Ohio State
Cincinnati
Duke
W 73–66
W 102–90
W 75–72
W 75–71
W 76–72
L 51–71

1993
First Round
Second Round
Sweet Sixteen
Elite Eight
Final Four
National Championship
Coastal Carolina
UCLA
George Washington
Temple
Kentucky
North Carolina
W 84–53
W 86–84OT
W 72–64
W 77–72
W 81–78OT
L 71–77

1994
First Round
Second Round
Sweet Sixteen
Elite Eight
Pepperdine
Texas
Maryland
Arkansas
W 78–74OT
W 84–79
W 78–71
L 68–76

1995
First Round
Western Kentucky
L 76–82OT

1996
First Round
Texas
L 76–80

1998
First Round
Second Round
Davidson
UCLA
W 80–61
L 82–85

2009
First Round
Second Round
Clemson
Oklahoma
W 62–59
L 63–73

2011
Second Round
Third Round
Tennessee
Duke
W 75–45
L 71–73

2012
Second Round
Ohio
L 60–65

2013
Second Round
Third Round
Sweet Sixteen
Elite Eight
Final Four
National Championship
South Dakota State
VCU
Kansas
Florida
Syracuse
Louisville
W 71–56
W 78–53
W 87–85OT
W 79–59
W 61–56
L 76–82

2014
Second Round
Third Round
Sweet Sixteen
Elite Eight
Wofford
Texas
Tennessee
Kentucky
W 57–40
W 79–65
W 73–71
L 72–75

2016
First Four
First Round
Tulsa
Notre Dame
W 67–62
L 63–70

2017
First Round
Second Round
Sweet Sixteen
Oklahoma State
Louisville
Oregon
W 92–91
W 73–69
L 68–69

2018
First Round
Second Round
Sweet Sixteen
Elite Eight
Final Four
National Championship
Montana
Houston
Texas A&M
Florida State
Loyola–Chicago
Villanova
W 61–47
W 64–63
W 99–72
W 58–54
W 69–57
L 62–79

text:
1989 NCAA Tournament Results[60]

Round
Opponent
Score

Round #1
# 14 Xavier
92–87

Round #2
# 11 South Alabama
91–82

Sweet 16
# 2 North Carolina
92–87

Elite 8
# 5 Virginia
102–65

Final 4
# 1 Illinois
83–81

Championship
# 3 Seton Hall
80–79 (OT)

text: NCAA Tournament seeding history[edit]

text: The NCAA began seeding the NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament with the 1979 edition.[61] The 64-team field started in 1985, which guaranteed that a championship team had to win six games.[62]

text:
Years →
'85
'86
'87
'88
'89
'90
'92
'93
'94
'95
'96
'98
'09
'11
'12
'13
'14
'16
'17
'18

Seeds →
1
2
9
3
3
3
6
1
3
9
7
3
10
8
4
4
2
11
7
3

text: NCAA Tournament round history[edit]

text:
Round
Record
Most Recent Appearance

National Championship
1–6
2018

National Third Place
1–0
1964

Final Four
7–1
2018

Elite Eight
8–6
2018

Regional Third Place
1–0
1948

Sweet Sixteen
13–2
2018

Round of 32
11–8
2018

Round of 64
17–4
2018

First Four
1–0
2016

text: NIT results[edit]

text: In 10* (9) National Invitation Tournament appearances, Michigan is 25*–7 (20–7) overall all-time and 3*–1 (2–1) in the championship game. 16*–0 (14–0) at Crisler Arena and 8*–2 (6–2) at Madison Square Garden.[27] The 1997 tournament was forfeited due to NCAA sanctions.[27]

text:
Year
Round
Opponent
Result

1971
First Round
Quarterfinals
Syracuse
Georgia Tech
W 86–76
L 70–78

1980
First Round
Second Round
Quarterfinals
Nebraska
UTEP
Virginia
W 76–69
W 75–65
L 68–79

1981
First Round
Second Round
Quarterfinals
Duquesne
Toledo
Syracuse
W 74–58
W 80–68
L 76–91

1984
First Round
Second Round
Quarterfinals
Semifinals
Finals
Wichita State
Marquette
Xavier
Virginia Tech
Notre Dame
W 94–70
W 83–70
W 63–62
W 78–75
W 83–63

1991
First Round
Colorado
L 64–71

1997
First Round
Second Round
Quarterfinals
Semifinals
Finals
Miami FL
Oklahoma State
Notre Dame
Arkansas
Florida State
W 76–63
W 75–65
W 67–66
W 77–62
W 82–73

2000
First Round
Notre Dame
L 65–75

2004
First Round
Second Round
Quarterfinals
Semifinals
Finals
Missouri
Oklahoma
Hawaii
Oregon
Rutgers
W 65–64
W 63–52
W 88–73
W 78–53
W 62–55

2006
First Round
Second Round
Quarterfinals
Semifinals
Finals
UTEP
Notre Dame
Miami FL
Old Dominion
South Carolina
W 82–67
W 87–84
W 71–65
W 66–43
L 64–76

2007
First Round
Second Round
Utah State
Florida State
W 68–58
L 66–87

text: Statistics[edit]

text:
Most different players to make a Three-point field goal in game:[63] 9 vs. Eastern Michigan, December 13, 2008 (tied Dartmouth, 1993)
Combined team rebounds:[63] 152, Michigan (57) vs. Indiana (95) March 11, 1961

text:
Single-game rebounds (Since 1973): 26—Phil Hubbard, Michigan vs. Detroit, RSF, Mar 17, 1977[64]
Single-year points 184—Glen Rice, Michigan, 1989 (6 games)[64]
Single-year field goals made 75—Glen Rice, Michigan, 1989 (6 games)[64]
Single-year three-point field goals made 27—Glen Rice, Michigan, 1989 (6 games)[64]
Career three-point field goals percentage (Minimum 30 made) 56.5% (35–62)—Glen Rice, Michigan, 1986–89 (13 games)[64]
Single-game points, Both Teams 264—Loyola Marymount (149) vs. Michigan (115), 2nd R, Mar 18, 1990[64]
Fewest single-game three point field goals made, team (in a final four): 0, *Michigan vs. Kentucky, NSF, March 4, 1993 (ot)[65]
Fewest single-game three point field goals attempted, team (final four): 4, *Michigan vs. Kentucky, NSF, March 4, 1993 (ot)[65]
Single-game assists (in a championship game): 11, Rumeal Robinson, Michigan vs. Seton Hall, March 4, 1989 (ot)[66]
Fewest single-game three point field goals made, team (championship game): 1, *Michigan vs. Duke, CH, June 4, 1992[67]
Fewest single-game free throws made (in a win), team: 0, Michigan vs. Tennessee, Mar 18, 2011
Lowest single-game three point field goal percentage, team (championship game): 9.1% (1–11), *Michigan vs. Duke, CH, June 4, 1992[67]
Biggest margin of victory in 8 vs. 9 match-up: 30, Michigan vs. Tennessee, Mar 18, 2011
Single-year two-game assists (final four): 23, Rumeal Robinson, Michigan, 1989[68]

text:
Single-game free throws made (final four): 15, Bill Buntin, Michigan vs. Kansas State, N3d, Mar 21, 1964 (broken Mar 20, 1965)[69]
Fewest single-game three point field goals made, team (final four): 1, *Michigan vs. Duke, CH, June 4, 1992 (broken March 4, 1993)[65]
Lowest single-game three point field goal percentage, team (final four): 9.1% (1–11), *Michigan vs. Duke, CH, June 4, 1992 (broken January 4, 2006)[65]
Most single-game players disqualified, team (championship game): 3, Michigan vs. UCLA, Mar 20, 1965 (broken Mar 31, 1997)[67]
Single-year two-game assists, team (final four): 42, Michigan, 1989 (broken 1990)[68]

text: Team field goal percentage:[70] 54.6% (1198 of 2196), 1988; 56.6% (1325 of 2341), 1989

text:
30-win seasons:[71] 2018 (33), 2013 (31), 1993* (31), 1989 (30)
1989 team continues to rank second in single-season team field goal percentage: 56.6% (1325 of 2341).[72]

text:
Career field goals attempted: Mike McGee (2077, 1978–81)[73]
Career three point field goals made: Louis Bullock (339*, 1996–99)[73]
Single-game three point field goals percentage (100% most made): Glen Rice (7 of 7, vs. Wisconsin February 25, 1989)[73]
Single-season points, team: (3393, 1988–89)[74]
Single-game field goals made, team: (55, vs. Iowa October 3, 1990)[74]
Single-season field goals made, team: (1325, 1988–89)[74]
Single-season field goals attempted, team: (2341, 1988–89)[74]
Single-season field goal percentage, team: (.566, 1,325 of 2,341, 1988–89)[74]
Single-season field goal percentage, team (conference games only): (.561, 606 of 1,080, 1988–89)[75]
Single-game three point field goals attempted, team: (42, vs. Florida Gulf Coast December 22, 2008)[74]
Single-game three point field goals attempted, team (conference games only): (40, at Indiana 1/7/09)[75]
Single-season three point field goals attempted, team: (912, 2008–09)[74]
Single-season three point field goals attempted, team (conference games only): (471, 2008–09)[75]
Single-season rebounds, team: (1521, 1964–65)[76]
Single-game assists, team: (37, vs. Western Michigan July 12, 1987 and vs. Eastern Michigan December 12, 1987)[76]
Single-game assists, team (conference games only): (36, vs. Iowa March 2, 1988)[77]
Single-season assists, team: (745, 1988–89)[76]
Single-game blocked shots, team: (18, vs. Florida Southern July 12, 1985)[76]
Single-season free throw percentage (conference games only): Daniel Horton (.978 (89 of 91), 2006)[78]
Single-season personal fouls, team: (456, 1953)[77]
Single-season overtime games: (6, 1981)[77]

text:
Career points: Mike McGee (2439, 1977–81, broken in 1989), Glen Rice (2442, 1985–89, broken in 1993)[73]
Career points (conference games only): McGee (1503, 1977–81, broken in 1995)[79]
Single-game field goals made: John Tidwell (20, vs. Minnesota April 3, 1961, broken February 16, 1963)[73]
Single-season field goals made: Cazzie Russell (308, 1965–66, broken 1981), McGee (309, 1980–81, broken in 1986)[73]
Career field goals made: Russell (839, 1964–66, broken 1970), McGee (1010, 1978–81, broken in 1993)[73]
Single-game three point field goals made: Garde Thompson (9, vs. Navy December 3, 1987, broken February 23, 2003)[73]
Single-game points, team: 128 (vs. Purdue February 19, 1966, broken December 30, 2006)[74]
Single-game field goals made, team: (52, vs. Purdue February 19, 1966, broken December 19, 1972)[74]
Single-season field goals made, team: (1198, 1987–88, broken 1989)[74]
Single-season assists, team: (694, 1987–88, broken 1989)[76]
Single-season blocked shots, team: (193, 1992–93*, surpassed 2000)[76]
Single-season field goals made per game (conference games only): Russell (13.0 (182 in 14), 1966, broken 1969)[78]
Single-season rebounds (total and per game) (conference games only): M. C. Burton (249 in 14 games, 1959, broken 1960)[78]
Single-season points per game, team (conference games only): 92.9 (1965 (1,300 in 14), broken 1966)[75]
Single-season points per game, team (conference games only): 95.4 (1966 (1,336 in 14), broken 1969)[75]
Single-season three point field goals attempted, team (conference games only): (434, 2007–08)[75]
Single-game three point field goal percentage, team (conference games only):.875 (7 of 8, vs. Iowa March 2, 1988, broken April 2, 1988)[75]

text:
Scoring (Conference games only until 1990):[80] 1928 Bennie Oosterbaan 129; 1959 M.C. Burton 22.6; 1966 Cazzie Russell 33.2; 1974 Campy Russell 24.0; 1988 Glen Rice 22.9; 1989 Rice 24.8
Field goal Percentage (Conference games only until 1990):[80] 1966 Cazzie Russell .542; 1967 Dave McClellan .588; 1971 Ken Brady .617; 1975 John Robinson .603; 1979 Marty Bodnar .603; 1989 Loy Vaught .677; 2001 Chris Young .640 (all games); 2006 Courtney Sims .633 (all games)
Three point field goals: 1989 Glen Rice 55 (conference games); 1991 Demetrius Calip 48 (conference games); 1998 Louis Bullock 51* (conference games); 1999 Robbie Reid 49 (conference games); 1997 Louis Bullock 101* (all games); 1998 Louis Bullock 93* (all games)[81]
Three point field goal percentage: 1998 Louis Bullock .481* (conference games); 1999 Robbie Reid .458 (conference games); 2003 LaVell Blanchard .433 (conference games)[81]
Free throw percentage: 1975 C.J. Kupec .880 (conference games); 1997 Louis Bullock .893* (conference games); 2006 Daniel Horton .978 (conference games); 2007 Dion Harris .873 (conference games); 1998 Louis Bullock .911* (all games); 1999 Louis Bullock .864* (all games); 2006 Daniel Horton .901 (all games)[81]
Rebounds: 1959 M.C. Burton 17.8 (conference games); 1963 Bill Buntin 15.4 (conference games); 1969 Rudy Tomjanovich 12.8 (conference games); 1970 Rudy Tomjanovich 16.2 (conference games); 1985 Roy Tarpley 9.9 (conference games); 1990 Loy Vaught 10.7 (conference games); 1992 Chris Webber-FR 9.8* (conference games); 1993 Chris Webber 9.7* (conference games); 1990 Loy Vaught 11.2; 1992 Chris Webber-FR 10.0*; 1993 Chris Webber 10.1*[81][82]
Assists: 1988 Gary Grant 6.5 (conference games); 1990 Rumeal Robinson 6.1 (all games); 2013 Trey Burke 6.7 (all games)[82]
Steals: 1987 Gary Grant 2.67 (conference games); 1988 Gary Grant 2.72 (conference games)[82]
Blocked shots: 1986 Roy Tarpley 2.50 (conference games); 1989 Terry Mills 1.22 (conference games); 2008 Ekpe Udoh 2.67 (conference games); 2004 Courtney Sims 2.00 (all games); 2008 Ekpe Udoh 2.88 (all games)[82]

text:
Scoring offense:[83] 1946 55.1, 1965 92.9, 1966 95.4, 1971 88.4, 1972 81.8, 1976 85.8, 1977 83.2, 1987 86.7, 1989 87.8, 1997* 73.3,
Scoring defense:[83] 1948 46.3, 1952 56.2, 1964 75.5
Scoring margin:[83] 1948 7.6, 1964 10.3, 1965 12.2, 1966 9.9, 1977 9.4, 1985 8.8, 1986 10.6, 1989 10.3
Field goal percentage offense:[84] 1966 48.9, 1972 45.3, 1976 52.1, 1989 56.1, 2013 46.9, 2017 48.3
Field goal percentage defense:[84] 1995 39.4
Three point field goals:[84] 1987 89, 1989 103, 1991 118, 1998* 121, 2009 151
Three point field goal percentage:[84] 1998 40.1, 2003 37.5
Free throw percentage:[84] 1958 73.4, 1975 75.8, 2017 77.9
Rebounds:[85] 1963 49.0, 1965 49.5, 1972 51.6, 1983 34.4, 1986 35.1, 1992 38.2, 1993* 40.9
Rebounding margin:[85] 1986 5.8, 1992 5.8, 1993* 7.6, 2004 3.4
Steals:[85] 1986 8.61
Blocked shots:[85] 1986 3.94, 1993* 5.0, 2004 4.31, 2008 4.28
Turnover margin:[85] 2017 3.4

text: Rankings[edit]

text: Michigan teams have spent a total of 22 weeks ranked number 1 with the last time occurring in 2013. Entering the 2013–14 season this ranked 13th and third in the Big Ten behind Indiana (54) and Ohio State (37).[86] Two Michigan teams (December 14, 1964 87–85 over Wichita State at Detroit and December 13, 1997 81–73 over Duke at home) have defeated the number one ranked team.[87]

text: The following table summarizes Michigan history in the AP Poll:[88]

text:
'
Preseason
Peak
Final
Weeks ranked
Weeks @ #1

Top 10 Poll

1963–64
8
2
2
15/15
0

1964–65
1
1
1
15/15
10

1965–66
2
2
9
10/15
0

1966–67
NR
5
NR
3/15
0

Top 20 Poll

1970–71
NR
12
NR
4/16
0

1971–72
13
9
NR
4/16
0

1972–73
19
18
NR
3/16
0

1973–74
NR
6
6
12/18
0

1974–75
17
11
19
8/19
0

1975–76
16
9
9
16/17
0

1976–77
1
1
1
17/17
8

1977–78
13
9
NR
4/17
0

1978–79
8
6
NR
8/17
0

1980–81
NR
9
NR
11/16
0

1983–84
NR
15
NR
2/17
0

1984–85
NR
2
2
12/17
0

1985–86
3
2
5
17/17
0

1987–88
9
7
10
17/17
0

1988–89
3
2
10
18/18
0

Top 25 Poll

1989–90
4
3
13
17/17
0

1991–92
20
11
15
18/18
0

1992–93
1
1
3
18/18
3

1993–94
5
3
11
18/18
0

1994–95
16
13
NR
5/18
0

1995–96
17
16
NR
13/18
0

1996–97
9
4
NR
16/18
0

1997–98
NR
12
12
12/18
0

2005–06
NR
21
NR
2/19
0

2008–09
NR
23
NR
3/19
0

2009–10
15
15
NR
3/20
0

2011–12
18
10
13
19/19
0

2012–13
5
1
T–10
19/19
1

2013–14
7
7
7
13/19
0

2014–15
24
17
NR
4/19
0

2015–16
25
24
NR
2/19
0

2016–17
NR
23
23
2/19
0

2017–18
NR
7
7
9/19
0

text: Notes[edit]

text: ^ a: * designates records and awards forfeited due to the University of Michigan basketball scandal.


document_title: Tour of Duty (TV series)

question_text: what was the theme song for tour of duty

text: Tour of Duty (TV series)

text: Overview[edit]

text: Not simply an action program, Tour of Duty was also groundbreaking as it addressed the issues of politics, faith, teamwork, racism, suicide, fragging, terrorism, civilian deaths, sexuality, drug abuse, and the shattered lives and confused feelings of those troops who finally made it home alive. The story focused mainly on Bravo company's second platoon under the command of 2nd Lieutenant (1st Lieutenant from the start of season 2) Myron Goldman (Stephen Caffrey) and Staff Sergeant (later Sergeant First Class) Zeke Anderson (Terence Knox).

text: The first season was filmed on location in Hawaii at Schofield Barracks.[citation needed] For the second and third seasons, the series was filmed around Los Angeles, California in order to reduce costs.[citation needed] This also enabled the producers to re-dress a studio backlot as Saigon. The move also meant reusing the same locations, notably a small river with grass on one bank and woods on the other which turns up in a number of episodes. A lot of filming was undertaken on the old set of M*A*S*H.[citation needed] Helicopter scenes with 1st Lt. McKay were filmed on the ground with the rotors running.[citation needed]

text: The first season opens in 1967 and follows a standard light infantry platoon. In the second season, the troops found themselves relocated to a base near Saigon while conducting the typical "search and destroy" missions. Production staff interviewed in VIETNAM Magazine cited this change as a change in premise that doomed the series, as female characters were also introduced (in hopes of gaining more female viewership and because of the premiere of the ABC Vietnam Army Nurses drama China Beach, which was aimed at a more female audience), and the show ceased to be a realistic chronicle of life in the field for the average line infantryman in favor of being more romance- and action/adventure-oriented.[citation needed] In the third season, the remaining female character was killed off, and the platoon was transferred to a SOG (Studies and Observation Group) unit under the command of Colonel Brewster (played by Carl Weathers), conducting covert operations in Vietnam and in Cambodia, culminating in the fictional version of the raid on Son Tay Prison. The third season was the show's last.

text: In its third season, CBS moved the show to the Saturday 9:00 p.m. time slot.[citation needed] Being forced to compete with NBC's The Golden Girls and Empty Nest, the show's ratings dropped, and the show was canceled at the end of the season.[citation needed]

text: Besides Carl Weathers, notable guest stars include Lee Majors, James Hong, Mako, Greg Germann, Kelly Hu, Angela Bassett, Ving Rhames, Melora Hardin, Scott Lawrence, and Patrick Kilpatrick.

text: Characters[edit]

text:
Character
Actor
Rank(s)/Job
Seasons

1
2
3

Clayton Ezekiel "Zeke" Anderson
Terence Knox
Staff Sgt./Sgt. 1st Class
Main Cast

Myron Goldman
Stephen Caffrey
2nd Lt./1st Lt.
Main Cast

Daniel "Danny" Percell
Tony Becker
PFC./Cpl./SP4.
Main Cast

Alberto Ruiz
Ramón Franco
Pvt./PFC./SP4.
Main Cast

Marcus Taylor
Miguel A. Núñez Jr.
Pvt./PFC./SP4./Sgt.
Main Cast

Marvin Johnson
Stan Foster
SP4./Sgt.
Main Cast
Main Cast (11 episodes)

Scott Baker
Eric Bruskotter
Pvt./SP4.
Main Cast

Guest Star (1 episode)

Roger Horn
Joshua D. Maurer
Pvt./PFC./SP4.
Main Cast

Randy "Doc" Matsuda
Steve Akahoshi
SP4.
Main Cast (13 episodes)

Rusty Wallace
Kevin Conroy
Captain
Main Cast (11 episodes)

Nikki Raines
Pamela Gidley
2nd Lt.
Recurring Guest Star

Dalby
Bruce Gray
Lt. Col.
Recurring Guest Star

Johnny McKay
Dan Gauthier
1st Lt.

Main Cast

Alex Devlin
Kim Delaney
Reporter

Main Cast
Main Cast (2 episodes)

Dr. Jennifer Seymour
Betsy Brantley
Civilian Contracted Psychiatrist / then Major U.S. Army Medical Corps

Recurring Guest Star

Darling
Richard Brestoff
Major

Also Starring

Marion Hannegan/ Putman
Charles Hyman
Master Sergeant (as Hannnegan), SFC (as Putnam)

Recurring Guest Star

Francis "Doc Hock" Hockenbury
John Dye
PFC./SP4.

Main Cast

Carl Brewster
Carl Weathers
Colonel

Special Guest Star

Thomas "Pop" Scarlett
Lee Majors
Private

Special Guest Star

William Griner
Kyle Chandler
Pvt.

Recurring Guest Star

Duke Fontaine
Patrick Kilpatrick
CIA Agent

Recurring Guest Star

Joseph "Skip" Beller
Greg Germann
1st Lt.

Recurring Guest Star

Mike Duncan
Michael B. Christy
Major

Also Starring

Sister Bernardette
Maria Mayenzet
Nun (Civilian)

Also Starring

Stringer
Alan Scarfe
Colonel

Also Starring

Jack Elliot
Peter Vogt
General

Also Starring

Edward Higgins
Michael Fairman
Major General

Also Starring

text: Awards[edit]

text: The series won an Emmy Award in 1988 for Outstanding Sound Mixing for a Drama Series, and it was nominated again in 1989 and 1990.

text: Emmy Award nominations:

text:
1989: Outstanding Sound Mixing for a Drama Series (for "I Wish it Could Rain")
1990: Outstanding Sound Mixing for a Drama Series (for "And Make Death Proud to Take Us")

text: Eddie Award nominations

text: 1988: Best Edited Episode from a Television Series (for the pilot episode)

text: International broadcasts[edit]

text: In Argentina, it was broadcast by Telefe as "Nam: Primer Pelotón" (Nam: First Platoon).

text: In Australia, Network Ten originally aired the series at 7:30 pm. In recent years, repeats have returned to Australian television with the Seven Network repeating the series in 2006 in late night Thursday timeslots airing at 11.30 pm then later bumped to 12:00 midnight. Repeats also returned with Channel Ten repeating the series in 2010 in late Sunday nights airing at 1.30am. FOX Classics started airing the first series on the 17 September 2012.

text: In Brazil, the show was broadcast by SBT with the title "Combate no Vietnã" (Combat in Vietnam).

text: In Chile and Colombia, the show was aired with the title "Misión del Deber" (Duty Mission), based on the Mexican dub of the series.

text: In Dominican Republic, the show was aired with the title "Misión del Deber" in channel 11.

text: In Costa Rica, it was aired by channel 9 and then by channel 7 as "Misión Vietnam" (Mission Vietnam).

text: In Denmark, the show was broadcast in the 1990s as "Platoon B" on various local-TV networks, mainly on Kanal 2.

text: In France and the Canadian province of Québec, the French-speaking version was called "L'Enfer du devoir" (The Hell of duty) and aired on La Cinq in France, and on the Historia channel in Québec Monday through Thursday at 5 PM in July and August 2005.

text: In Germany, the show was aired by RTL with the title "NAM – Dienst in Vietnam" (NAM – Service in Vietnam).

text: In Israel, the show aired in the mid-2000s on the now-defunct local version of the AXN cable channel under the name "Sherut Kravi" (Combat Service). It was also previously broadcast on the METV channel.

text: In Italy, the show was aired by a local TV Network Italia7 with the title "Vietnam Addio" (Goodbye Vietnam) in the form of a TV-movie. It was also aired on the national network Italia1.

text: In Japan, the show with the title "Good Luck Saigon" was aired through the Wowow, a paid satellite broadcast around 1991. For this reason, the show is least known by the Japanese public.

text: In Mexico, it was aired by Televisa's Canal 5 as "Misión del Deber" (Duty Mission).

text: In the Netherlands, it was broadcast by Veronica on the national television network.

text: In New Zealand, the show was aired by TVNZ. It was a very popular show in New Zealand and re-runs were also shown on the Orange TV network throughout the 1990s.

text: In Norway, the show was broadcast with the title "Pliktløpet" (Run of duty) by TV Norge in the 1990s.

text: In the Philippines, it was weekly aired in English on GMA 7 every Monday night at 9:00 pm. The American service members stationed in the Philippines routinely watched it on the local network because the episodes were newer than the ones on Armed Forces Radio and Television Service's Far East Network.

text: In Poland, the show was never aired, but there was a VHS release with the title "Rok w Piekle" (Year in Hell).

text: In Saudi Arabia, it was (as of July 2013) being shown with the original title and in English with Arabic subtitles. It is broadcast on the MBC Action channel.

text: In South Africa, the show was aired with the title "Sending Vietnam" (Mission Vietnam) in Afrikaans by the SABC.

text: In South Korea, the show was aired with the title "머나먼 정글" (Faraway Jungle) by MBC from 1990. It was initially aired at 11:00 PM Monday but due to popularity it moved to 6:00 PM Saturday.

text: In Spain, the show aired as "Camino del Infierno" (Road of Hell) on Telecinco in late night hours Wednesday and later on C+ as Tour of Duty at 12.00 M.

text: In Sri Lanka, the show has been aired at least twice, once in 1990s and once in 2007/8 by MTV.

text: In Sweden, the show was originally scheduled by the public service SVT network as "Pluton B i Vietnam" (Platoon B in Vietnam), but only the pilot episode was broadcast followed by a massive media outcry for the heavy violence in the show. In the late 1990s, the show was picked up by Kanal 5 under the same name.

text: In Taiwan (Republic of China), the show has been aired on China Television Company, Ltd. (CTV) as 霹靂神兵. The Ministry of National Defense (Republic of China) also purchased the series, renamed 天降神兵 and aired it on Chinese Television System (CTS) and CTS Education and Culture.

text: In the United Arab Emirates, it was aired on Dubai Channel 33.

text: In the United Kingdom, Tour of Duty was screened on ITV on Friday nights at various times, usually around midnight. It was later broadcast on the FX channel.

text: In Zimbabwe, the show was broadcast in the early 1990s, showing on the national television channel ZBC TV1 (Zimbabwe Broadcasting Corporation Television 1) at nine o'clock pm on Thursdays and developed a cult following, becoming a hit television series throughout its screening.

text: Music[edit]

text: The opening theme song was an abbreviated version of The Rolling Stones hit "Paint It, Black" that had featured in the end titles of the 1987 Vietnam War film Full Metal Jacket; this was removed for the US DVD release. The closing consisted of an instrumental, synthesized tune with a distinctive Asian sound mixed in with acoustic guitar; it was performed by Joseph Conlan, and was never released for public consumption other than in the series. That music was used as background music for most of the series. On the US release DVD most of the Vietnam War era popular music was replaced by instrumental bits to cover the blank spots of music.

text: All three seasons that have been released in the United Kingdom, has the complete original soundtrack including "Paint It, Black".

text: The show was known for its classic American rock soundtrack including Creedence Clearwater Revival, Jimi Hendrix, and Jefferson Airplane. One first-season episode, "USO Down", used "live" versions of "Wooly Bully", and "We Gotta Get Out of This Place" as performed by a USO band, the latter song being used also for ironic comment. The songs in this episode were retained in the DVD soundtracks. But for copyright reasons, the VHS and DVD soundtracks of the majority of episodes were replaced with sound alikes (the music played but there were no voices)—a move which was widely protested by buyers, and resulted in a significantly lower sales volume for the third-season DVD set than for the first two.

text: In the Netherlands, amongst other European nations, a total number of seven albums were released, containing most of the songs featured on the show. As a result, "Paint It, Black" was re-released as a single, again hitting the number 1 position in the Dutch top 40 popchart in May 1990.[citation needed]

text: The original soundtrack albums[edit]

text: The Tour of Duty television series soundtrack was released by CBS on Columbia Records as four different compilation albums during 1988 and 1989. The original albums are now out of print. Their track listings are as follows:

text:
Tour of Duty Soundtrack, Volume 1 (1988)

"Baby Love" – Diana Ross and The Supremes
"Here Comes The Night" – Them
"We Gotta Get Out Of This Place" – The Animals
"A Whiter Shade Of Pale" – Procol Harum
"Itchycoo Park" – Small Faces
"All Along The Watchtower" – Jimi Hendrix
"Hurdy Gurdy Man" – Donovan
"Time Of The Season" – The Zombies
"And When I Die" – Blood, Sweat & Tears
"War" – Edwin Starr
"Ball Of Confusion" – Temptations
"What's Going On" – Marvin Gaye
"Time Has Come Today" – Chambers Brothers
"I Want To Take You Higher" – Sly & The Family Stone
"Groovin' Is Easy" – The Electric Flag
"Oye Como Va" – Santana
"Ball And Chain" – Janis Joplin
"Ballad Of Easy Rider" – The Byrds

Tour of Duty Soundtrack, Volume 2 (1988)

"Paint It Black" – Chris Farlowe
"Tin Soldier" – Small Faces
"Stone Free" – The Jimi Hendrix Experience
"Sunshine Of Your Love" – Cream
"Born To Be Wild" – Steppenwolf
"Reach Out I'll Be There" – The Four Tops
"People Get Ready" – The Impressions
"Jennifer Juniper" – Donovan
"Your Precious Love" – Marvin Gaye & Tammi Terrell
"Groovin'" – The Rascals
"Eight Miles High" – The Byrds
"Cloud Nine" – The Temptations
"I Heard It Through The Grapevine" – Gladys Knight & The Pips
"Piece Of My Heart" – Janis Joplin
"It Takes A Lot To Laugh, It Takes A Train To Cry" – Al Kooper & Stephen Stills
"Ring Of Fire" – Eric Burdon & The Animals
"Spinning Wheel" – Blood, Sweat & Tears
"Bridge Over Troubled Water" – Aretha Franklin

Tour of Duty Soundtrack, Volume 3 (1989)

"White Room" – Cream
"Highway Chile" – Jimi Hendrix
"Lazy Sunday" – Small Faces
"Gloria" – Them
"Sky Pilot" – Eric Burdon & The Animals
"Natural Born Bugie" – Humble Pie
"White Rabbit" – Grace Slick & The Great Society
"The Weight" – The Band
"Go Now" – The Moody Blues
"San Francisco" – Scott McKenzie
"Draft Morning" – The Byrds
"Evil Ways" – Santana
"Dance To The Music" – Sly & The Family Stone
"Tell Her No" – The Zombies
"Barabajagal" – Donovan
"Killing Floor" – The Electric Flag
"Black Night" – Deep Purple
"Paranoid" – Black Sabbath

Tour of Duty Soundtrack, Volume 4 (1989)

"This Wheel's On Fire" – Julie Driscoll
"Rag Mama Rag" – The Band
"On The Road Again" – Canned Heat
"Does Anybody Really Know What Time It Is?" – Chicago
"American Woman" – Guess Who
"Race With The Devil" – The Gun
"Down The Dustpipe" – Status Quo
"Living In The Past" – Jethro Tull
"Bird On The Wire" – Leonard Cohen
"Tears Of Rage" – Bob Dylan
"Save The Country" – Laura Nyro
"To Love Somebody" – The Bee Gees
"There Won't Be Many Coming Home" – Roy Orbison
"Melting Pot" – Blue Mink
"Hi De Ho" – Blood, Sweat & Tears
"Chestnut Mare" – The Byrds
"Sweet Baby James" – James Taylor
"Listen To The Music" – The Doobie Brothers

text: Compilation soundtrack CDs[edit]

text: In 1992, Sony Music released a compilation CD titled The Best of 'Tour of Duty'. It contains only twenty of the songs featured in the four original Tour of Duty Soundtrack albums.

text:
The Best of Tour of Duty (1992)

"Born To Be Wild" – Steppenwolf
"Tin Soldier" – Small Faces
"This Wheel's On Fire" – Julie Driscoll
"Barabajagal" – Donovan
"Time Of The Season" – The Zombies
"The Weight" – The Band
"Get Together" – The Youngbloods
"Chimes Of Freedom" – The Byrds
"A Whiter Shade Of Pale" – Procol Harum
"Piece Of My Heart" – Janis Joplin
"Evil Ways" – Santana
"25 Or 6 To 4" – Chicago
"Killing Floor" – The Electric Flag
"Dance To The Music" – Sly & The Family Stone
"And When I Die" – Blood, Sweat & Tears
"On The Road Again" – Canned Heat
"American Woman" – The Guess Who
"Race With The Devil" – The Gun
"Shapes Of Things" – The YardBirds
"Sky Pilot" – Eric Burdon & The Animals

text:
Tour of Duty Top 100 (2008)

Disc 1

"I Can Hear Music" – The Beach Boys
"White Room" – Cream
"Are You Ready" – Pacific Gas & Electric
"Eight Miles High" – The Byrds
"Hush" – Deep Purple
"Have You Ever Seen the Rain?" – CCR
"Question" – The Moody Blues
"Reflections – Diana Ross & The Supremes
"Here Comes the Night" – Them
"Son of a Preacher Man" – Dusty Springfield
"Lady Willpower" – Gary Puckett & The Union Gap
"Black Magic Woman" – Santana
"Death of a Clown" – Dave Davies
"It's the Same Old Song" – The Four Tops
"You Wear It Well" – Rod Stewart
"Mannish Boy" – Muddy Waters
"I'd Rather Go Blind – Chicken Shack
"All Right Now" – Free
"Roll Over Beethoven" – The Electric Light Orchestra
"Papa's Got a Brand New Bag (Parts 1 & 2)" – James Brown

Disc 2

text: DVD releases[edit]

text: Sony released all 3 seasons in the USA for the very first time in 2004-2005. All original music was replaced with sound-alike versions. These releases have been discontinued and are out of print.

text: On August 27, 2013, it was announced that Mill Creek Entertainment had acquired the rights to various television series from the Sony Pictures library including Tour of Duty.[1] They subsequently re-released the first season on DVD on September 16, 2014.[2]

text: On April 21, 2015, Mill Creek released a budget priced complete series set, an eleven-disc set featuring all 58 episodes of the series.[3]

text: On November 7, 2011 Fabulous Films (licensed from Fremantle Home Entertainment) in the United Kingdom released the complete first season as a region 2 PAL boxed set. This release has improved sound and picture quality and the complete original soundtrack, including "Paint It, Black". The release consists of 5 DVDs covering all 21 episodes. The fifth disc contains extras including hundreds of behind the scenes stills and images and a brand new documentary that runs for 55 minutes. Fabulous Films filmed a series of interviews in Los Angeles in July 2011 with 7 of the key cast: Terence Knox, Josh Maurer, Steve Akahoshi, Tony Becker, Eric Bruskotter, Kevin Conroy and Miguel A Nunez Jr. and key members of the production crew that included Zev Braun (producer) Bill Norton (writer/director), Steve Smith (writer/producer), Steve Duncan (creator) and Paul Sinor (military advisor). Additional documentaries are being produced for the season 2 and 3 releases.

text: The complete second season was released on May 14, 2012 in the UK. Featuring a brand new making of documentary 'The Story of Tour Of Duty' Part 2 (30 mins) featuring Cast and Crew, Character Biographies, Original Cast Biographies, Original Crew Biographies, Action Stills, Behind The Scenes Stills, Publicity Stills, Synopses and Glossary of Tour of Duty Military Terms.[4]

text: On November 26, 2012, Fabulous released the complete third season on DVD in the UK, along with the complete series set which was released simultaneously. The third instalment of the documentary features Dan Gauthier AKA Lt. Johnny McKay


document_title: Crust (geology)

question_text: what is the average temperature of the crust

text: Crust (geology)

text: Earth's crust

text: The crust of the Earth is composed of a great variety of igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rocks. The crust is underlain by the mantle. The upper part of the mantle is composed mostly of peridotite, a rock denser than rocks common in the overlying crust. The boundary between the crust and mantle is conventionally placed at the Mohorovičić discontinuity, a boundary defined by a contrast in seismic velocity. The crust occupies less than 1% of Earth's volume.[1]

text: The crust of the Earth is of two distinctive types: oceanic and continental. The oceanic crust is 5 km (3 mi) to 10 km (6 mi) thick[2] and is composed primarily of basalt, diabase, and gabbro. The continental crust is typically from 30 km (20 mi) to 50 km (30 mi) thick and is mostly composed of slightly less dense rocks than those of the oceanic crust. Some of these less dense rocks, such as granite, are common in the continental crust but rare to absent in the oceanic crust.

text: Both the continental and oceanic crust "float" on the mantle. Because the continental crust is thicker, it extends both to greater elevations and greater depth than the oceanic crust. The slightly lower density of felsic continental rock compared to basaltic oceanic rock contributes to the higher relative elevation of the top of the continental crust. As the top of the continental crust reaches elevations higher than that of the oceanic, water runs off the continents and collects above the oceanic crust. Because of the change in velocity of seismic waves it is believed that beneath continents at a certain depth continental crust (sial) becomes close in its physical properties to oceanic crust (sima), and the transition zone is referred to as the Conrad discontinuity.

text: The temperature of the crust increases with depth,[3] reaching values typically in the range from about 200 °C (392 °F) to 400 °C (752 °F) at the boundary with the underlying mantle. The crust and underlying relatively rigid uppermost mantle make up the lithosphere. Because of convection in the underlying plastic (although non-molten) upper mantle and asthenosphere, the lithosphere is broken into tectonic plates that move. The temperature increases by as much as 30 °C (54 °F) for every kilometer locally in the upper part of the crust, but the geothermal gradient is smaller in deeper crust.[4]

text: Partly by analogy to what is known about the Moon, Earth is considered to have differentiated from an aggregate of planetesimals into its core, mantle and crust within about 100 million years of the formation of the planet, 4.6 billion years ago. During the Hadean, the primordial crust was very thin and was probably destroyed by much more vigorous plate tectonics, volcanic activity and significant asteroid impacts,[5] which were much more common in the early stages of the solar system.

text: Earth has probably always had some form of basaltic crust, but the age of the oldest oceanic crust today is only about 200  million years. In contrast, the bulk of the continental crust is much older. The oldest continental crustal rocks on Earth have ages in the range from about 3.7 to 4.28  billion years [6][7] and have been found in the Narryer Gneiss Terrane in Western Australia, in the Acasta Gneiss in the Northwest Territories on the Canadian Shield, and on other cratonic regions such as those on the Fennoscandian Shield. Some zircon with age as great as 4.3 billion years has been found in the Narryer Gneiss Terrane.

text: The average age of the current Earth's continental crust has been estimated to be about 2.0 billion years.[8] Most crustal rocks formed before 2.5 billion years ago are located in cratons. Such old continental crust and the underlying mantle asthenosphere are less dense than elsewhere in Earth and so are not readily destroyed by subduction. Formation of new continental crust is linked to periods of intense orogeny; these periods coincide with the formation of the supercontinents such as Rodinia, Pangaea and Gondwana. The crust forms in part by aggregation of island arcs including granite and metamorphic fold belts, and it is preserved in part by depletion of the underlying mantle to form buoyant lithospheric mantle.

text: Composition

text: The continental crust has an average composition similar to that of andesite.[9] The most abundant minerals in Earth's continental crust are feldspars, which make up about 41% of the crust by weight, followed by quartz at 12%, and pyroxenes at 11%.[10] Continental crust is enriched in incompatible elements compared to the basaltic ocean crust and much enriched compared to the underlying mantle. Although the continental crust comprises only about 0.6 weight percent of the silicate on Earth, it contains 20% to 70% of the incompatible elements.

text:
Most Abundant Elements of Earth's Crust
Approximate % by weight

O
46.6

Si
27.7

Al
8.1

Fe
5.0

Ca
3.6

Na
2.8

K
2.6

Mg
1.5

text:
Oxide
Percent

SiO2
60.6

Al2O3
15.9

CaO
6.4

MgO
4.7

Na2O
3.1

Fe as FeO
6.7

K2O
1.8

TiO2
0.7

P2O5
0.1

text: All the other constituents except water occur only in very small quantities and total less than 1%. Estimates of average density for the upper crust range between 2.69 and 2.74 g/cm3 and for lower crust between 3.0 and 3.25 g/cm3.[11]

text: Moon's crust

text: A theoretical protoplanet named "Theia" is thought to have collided with the forming Earth, and part of the material ejected into space by the collision accreted to form the Moon. As the Moon formed, the outer part of it is thought to have been molten, a “lunar magma ocean.” Plagioclase feldspar crystallized in large amounts from this magma ocean and floated toward the surface. The cumulate rocks form much of the crust. The upper part of the crust probably averages about 88% plagioclase (near the lower limit of 90% defined for anorthosite): the lower part of the crust may contain a higher percentage of ferromagnesian minerals such as the pyroxenes and olivine, but even that lower part probably averages about 78% plagioclase.[12] The underlying mantle is denser and olivine-rich.

text: The thickness of the crust ranges between about 20 and 120 km. Crust on the far side of the Moon averages about 12 km thicker than that on the near side. Estimates of average thickness fall in the range from about 50 to 60 km. Most of this plagioclase-rich crust formed shortly after formation of the moon, between about 4.5 and 4.3 billion years ago. Perhaps 10% or less of the crust consists of igneous rock added after the formation of the initial plagioclase-rich material. The best-characterized and most voluminous of these later additions are the mare basalts formed between about 3.9 and 3.2 billion years ago. Minor volcanism continued after 3.2 billion years, perhaps as recently as 1 billion years ago. There is no evidence of plate tectonics.

text: Study of the Moon has established that a crust can form on a rocky planetary body significantly smaller than Earth. Although the radius of the Moon is only about a quarter that of Earth, the lunar crust has a significantly greater average thickness. This thick crust formed almost immediately after formation of the Moon. Magmatism continued after the period of intense meteorite impacts ended about 3.9 billion years ago, but igneous rocks younger than 3.9 billion years make up only a minor part of the crust.[13]