document_title: List of Apollo astronauts

question_text: who stepped on the moon after neil armstrong

root

text: List of Apollo astronauts

text: Prime crew members[edit]

text: NASA's Director of Flight Crew Operations during the Gemini and Apollo programs was Donald K. "Deke" Slayton, one of the original Mercury Seven astronauts, who was medically grounded in September 1962 due to a minor cardiac arrythmia – paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Slayton was responsible for making all Gemini and Apollo crew assignments. In March 1972, Slayton was restored to flight status, and flew on the 1975 Apollo–Soyuz Test Project mission.

tag: p

text: The prime crew members selected for actual missions are here grouped by their NASA astronaut selection groups, and within each group in the order selected for flight.

text: From the Mercury Seven[edit]

text:
Virgil I. "Gus" Grissom – Pilot of Liberty Bell 7 and commander of the first manned Gemini 3, Grissom was selected in 1966 to command the first manned mission, Apollo 1, a low Earth orbit test of the Apollo Command/Service Module. This mission ended a month before its scheduled launch,[1] when a cabin fire on the launch pad killed Grissom and his entire crew—Edward H. White and Roger Chaffee—on January 27, 1967. According to Slayton, Grissom would have been his choice to be the first to walk on the Moon.[2][3]
Walter M. Schirra Jr. – Pilot of Sigma 7 and commander of Gemini 6A, was selected to command a second CSM test flight which was cancelled in late 1966, at which time he was reassigned as Grissom's backup. Twenty-one months after the Apollo 1 fire, Schirra commanded the first CSM test flight, Apollo 7. He was the only member of the "Mercury Seven" to fly on all three programs.
Alan B. Shepard Jr. – America's first man in space on Freedom 7 was originally selected to command Gemini 3, but was medically grounded for the duration of Gemini due to Ménière's disease and assisted Slayton in Flight Operations. After corrective surgery, Shepard was restored to flight status and commanded Apollo 14, the third successful Moon landing mission.

tag: ul

text: From Astronaut Group 2[edit]

text: All of these astronauts had flown on Gemini, and except for White, each commanded one Gemini and one Apollo mission:

text:
Edward H. White II – Second-seat veteran of Gemini 4 who made the United States' first walk in space, selected as Senior Pilot (second seat) on Apollo 1. White was killed with Grissom and Chaffee in the fire.
James A. McDivitt – Commander of Gemini 4, selected in late 1966 to command the first Earth orbital flight test of the Apollo Lunar Module with the CSM. This mission flew in March 1969 as Apollo 9. After his flight, McDivitt was promoted to Manager of Lunar Landing Operations, and in August 1969 was promoted to Manager of the Apollo Spacecraft Program.
Frank F. Borman II – Commander of Gemini 7, selected to command a higher Earth orbit test of the complete Apollo spacecraft. But when delays prevented the LM from being ready in time for its first flight in December 1968, Borman's mission was changed to the first lunar orbital flight of the CSM on Apollo 8.
James A. Lovell Jr. – Second-seat veteran of Gemini 7, and commander of Gemini 12, flew as Command Module Pilot (second seat) on Apollo 8. Lovell became the first to fly a second Apollo mission as commander of Apollo 13, the third lunar landing attempt. This mission was unsuccessful, due to a Service Module electrical system failure caused by the explosion of an oxygen tank. Lovell and his crew managed to return to Earth safely.
Thomas P. Stafford – Second-seat veteran of Gemini 6A and commander of Gemini 9A, commanded a lunar orbital test of the Lunar Module on Apollo 10. He also commanded the Apollo–Soyuz Test Project mission.
John W. Young – Second-seat veteran of Gemini 3 and commander of Gemini 10, flew as Command Module Pilot on Apollo 10. Young later commanded the successful Apollo 16 lunar landing. He also commanded the first Space Shuttle flight, STS-1 Columbia, on April 12, 1981.
Neil A. Armstrong – Commander of Gemini 8, commanded Apollo 11, becoming the first man to set foot on the Moon.
Charles "Pete" Conrad Jr. – Second-seat veteran of Gemini 5 and commander of Gemini 11, commanded Apollo 12, the second lunar landing. He went on to Command Skylab 2, successfully completing repairs to the spacecraft that saved it for this and two subsequent missions.

text: From Astronaut Group 3[edit]

text: This was the first class of astronauts for which test pilot experience was not required, but military jet fighter pilot experience was acceptable.

text: Five of this group got their first spaceflight experience as second seat on Gemini:

text:
David R. Scott – Second-seat veteran of Gemini 8, flew as Command Module Pilot on Apollo 9, and commanded the Apollo 15 lunar landing.
Eugene A. Cernan – Second-seat veteran on Gemini 9A, flew as Lunar Module Pilot on Apollo 10, and commanded the final lunar landing mission Apollo 17.
Michael Collins – Second-seat veteran on Gemini 10, flew as Command Module Pilot on Apollo 11.
Edwin E. "Buzz" Aldrin Jr. – Second-seat veteran on Gemini 12, flew as Lunar Module Pilot on Apollo 11, the first Moon landing.
Richard F. Gordon Jr. – Second-seat veteran on Gemini 11, flew as Command Module Pilot on Apollo 12. Gordon was selected to command the Apollo 18 lunar landing, which was later cancelled.

text: The remaining six members of this group were selected for their first space flights on Apollo:

text:
Roger B. Chaffee – Selected as Pilot (third seat) on Apollo 1, was killed with Grissom and White in the fire.
Donn F. Eisele – Flew second seat on Apollo 7.
R. Walter Cunningham – Flew third seat on Apollo 7.
Russell L. "Rusty" Schweickart – Flew as Lunar Module Pilot on Apollo 9. Schweickart performed an EVA outside the spacecraft, testing the Portable Life Support System used on the Moon.
William A. Anders – Flew third seat on Apollo 8.
Alan L. Bean – Flew as Lunar Module Pilot on Apollo 12. He later served as Commander for Skylab 3.

text: From Astronaut Group 4[edit]

text: In June 1965, NASA named a group of five scientist astronauts, the first group qualified by doctorate degrees rather than test or military fighter pilot experience.[4] Geologist Dr. Harrison H. "Jack" Schmitt participated heavily in the geological training of the lunar landing astronauts, as well as assisting in the analysis of returned samples and the preparation of mission reports. In 1970, he was selected as Lunar Module Pilot for the Apollo 15 backup crew, and prime crew on Apollo 18. When program cutbacks cancelled missions 18 through 20, NASA's lunar geological community insisted on having a geologist on the Moon, so Slayton reassigned Schmitt to Apollo 17.

text: From Astronaut Group 5[edit]

text: NASA named a group of 19 more astronauts in April 1966. None had spaceflight experience before their Apollo mission.

text:
T. Kenneth Mattingly II – Selected as prime Command Module Pilot for Apollo 13, Mattingly was exposed to German measles days before the flight and was grounded by the flight surgeon. He swapped places with his backup and flew on Apollo 16. He also flew on STS-4 and STS-51-C
John L. "Jack" Swigert Jr. – Flew as Mattingly's backup on Apollo 13.
Fred W. Haise Jr. – Flew as Lunar Module Pilot on the unsuccessful Apollo 13. Haise was selected to command the Apollo 19 lunar landing, which was later cancelled.
Stuart A. Roosa – Command Module Pilot on Apollo 14
Edgar D. Mitchell – Lunar Module Pilot on Apollo 14
Alfred M. Worden – Command Module Pilot on Apollo 15
James B. Irwin – Lunar Module Pilot on Apollo 15
Charles M. Duke Jr. – First achieved public recognition as capsule communicator during the Apollo 11 Moon landing; notable for the quote: "...we copy you on the ground. You've got a bunch of guys about to turn blue; we're breathing again. Thanks a lot."[5] Duke flew as Lunar Module Pilot on Apollo 16.
Ronald E. Evans Jr. – Command Module Pilot on Apollo 17.

text: Other astronauts who trained for Apollo but did not fly[edit]

text:
L. Gordon Cooper Jr. – from the Mercury Seven; veteran of Mercury Faith 7 and commander of Gemini 5, was replaced as Apollo 14 commander by Alan Shepard and resigned from NASA in 1970.
Clifton C. Williams Jr. – from Group 3; was named as Schweickart's Lunar Module Pilot backup crew, but was killed when the T-38 jet he was flying crashed near Tallahassee, Florida on October 5, 1967. He was replaced with Bean, who flew on Apollo 12.
Edward G. Givens Jr. – from Group 5; was on the support crew of Apollo 7, but died in a car crash near Houston, Texas on June 6, 1967.
Joseph H. Engle – from Group 5; was originally named as Apollo 17 Lunar Module Pilot, but lost his slot to Schmitt. After Apollo, he flew in the Space Shuttle Approach and Landing Tests, then commanded STS-2 and STS-51I.

text: Apollo astronauts who walked on the Moon[edit]

text: Twelve men have walked on the Moon. Six of them are still living as of August 2017.[update] All manned lunar landings took place between July 1969 and December 1972 as part of the Apollo program.

text:
Name
Born
Died
Age at
first step
Mission
Lunar EVA dates
Service
Alma Mater

01.
Neil Armstrong
(1930-08-05)August 5, 1930
August 25, 2012(2012-08-25) (aged 82)
38y 11m 15d
Apollo 11
July 21, 1969[6]
NASA[7]
Purdue University, University of Southern California

02.
Buzz Aldrin
(1930-01-20) January 20, 1930 (age 87)

39y 6m 0d
Air Force
United States Military Academy, MIT

03.
Pete Conrad
(1930-06-02)June 2, 1930
July 8, 1999(1999-07-08) (aged 69)
39y 5m 17d
Apollo 12
November 19–20, 1969
Navy
Princeton University

04.
Alan Bean
(1932-03-15) March 15, 1932 (age 85)

37y 8m 4d
Navy
University of Texas, Austin

05.
Alan Shepard
(1923-11-18)November 18, 1923
July 21, 1998(1998-07-21) (aged 74)
47y 2m 18d
Apollo 14
February 5–6, 1971
Navy
United States Naval Academy, Naval War College

06.
Edgar Mitchell
(1930-09-17)September 17, 1930
February 4, 2016(2016-02-04) (aged 85)
40y 4m 19d
Navy
Carnegie Mellon University, Naval Postgraduate School, MIT

07.
David Scott
(1932-06-06) June 6, 1932 (age 85)

39y 1m 25d
Apollo 15
July 31 – August 2, 1971
Air Force
University of Michigan (freshman year, and later, an honorary doctorate), United States Military Academy, MIT

08.
James Irwin
(1930-03-17)March 17, 1930
August 8, 1991(1991-08-08) (aged 61)
41y 4m 14d
Air Force
United States Naval Academy, University of Michigan

09.
John Young
(1930-09-24) September 24, 1930 (age 87)

41y 6m 28d
Apollo 16
April 21–23, 1972
Navy
Georgia Institute of Technology

10.
Charles Duke
(1935-10-03) October 3, 1935 (age 82)

36y 6m 18d
Air Force
United States Naval Academy, MIT

11.
Eugene Cernan
(1934-03-14)March 14, 1934
January 16, 2017(2017-01-16) (aged 82)
38y 9m 7d
Apollo 17
December 11–14, 1972
Navy
Purdue University, Naval Postgraduate School

12.
Harrison Schmitt
(1935-07-03) July 3, 1935 (age 82)

37y 5m 8d
NASA
Caltech, University of Oslo (exchange), Harvard University (PhD Geology)

tag: table

text: On each of the Apollo 17 extravehicular activities (EVAs), Harrison Schmitt was the second man out of, and the first man back into, the lunar module. Schmitt is thus the 12th and last man to have stepped onto the Moon. Eugene Cernan, as the second man to enter the lunar module on the final EVA, was the last man to have walked on the Moon.

text: Alan Shepard was the oldest man to walk on the Moon, at age 47 years and 80 days. Charlie Duke was the youngest, at age 36 years and 201 days.

text: Jim Lovell and Fred Haise were scheduled to walk on the Moon during the Apollo 13 mission, but the lunar landing was aborted following a major malfunction en route to the Moon. Haise was again scheduled to walk on the Moon as commander of Apollo 19, but Apollo 18 and Apollo 19 were cancelled on September 2, 1970.

text: Joe Engle had trained on the backup crew for Apollo 14 to explore the Moon with Cernan, but Engle was replaced by Schmitt on the primary crew for Apollo 17. Schmitt had previously been crewed with Apollo 12 command module pilot Dick Gordon in anticipation of Apollo 18, but Schmitt replaced Engle on Apollo 17 after the cancellation of Apollo 18 and Apollo 19, leaving Gordon as the last Apollo astronaut to train extensively for lunar exploration without ever landing on the Moon.

text: Apollo astronauts who flew to the Moon without landing[edit]

text: Besides the 12 men who have walked on the Moon, 12 more have flown to within 0.001 lunar distance of its surface. During each of the six missions with successful lunar landings, one astronaut remained in lunar orbit while the other two landed. In addition, the three-man crews of Apollo 8 and Apollo 10 also entered lunar orbit, and the crew of Apollo 13 looped around the Moon on a free-return trajectory.

text: All nine manned missions to the Moon took place as part of the Apollo program over a period of just under four years, from 21 December 1968 to 19 December 1972. The 24 men who have flown to the Moon are the only men who have traveled beyond low Earth orbit. Fifteen of them are still living as of March 2017[update].

text: Jim Lovell, John Young, and Eugene Cernan are the only three men to have flown to the Moon twice. Young and Cernan each set foot on it during their respective second lunar missions, while Lovell is the only man to have flown to the Moon twice without landing.

text: During Cernan's first lunar mission on Apollo 10, he tied the present record set by Bill Anders on Apollo 8 as the youngest person to fly to the Moon. Each was 35 years and 65 days old on his launch date and 35 years and 68 days old when he entered lunar orbit. The oldest person to fly to the Moon was Alan Shepard, who walked on its surface during the Apollo 14 mission. Shepard was 47 years and 74 days old on his launch date and 47 years and 78 days old when he entered lunar orbit.

text: Because of Apollo 13's free-return trajectory, Lovell, Jack Swigert and Fred Haise flew higher above the Moon's 180° meridian (opposite Earth) than anyone else has flown (254 km/158 mi). Coincidentally, due to the Moon's distance from Earth at the time, they simultaneously set the present record for humans' greatest distance from Earth, reaching an altitude of 400,171 km (248,655 mi) above sea level at 0:21 UTC on 15 April 1970.

text:
Name
Born
Died
Age on mission
Mission
Mission dates
Service
Notes

1.
Frank Borman
(1928-03-14) March 14, 1928 (age 89)

40
Apollo 8
December 21–27, 1968
Air Force

2.
Jim Lovell
(1928-03-25) March 25, 1928 (age 89)

40
Navy
also flew on Apollo 13

3.
Bill Anders
(1933-10-17) October 17, 1933 (age 83)

35
Air Force

4.
Tom Stafford
(1930-09-17) September 17, 1930 (age 87)

38
Apollo 10
May 18–26, 1969
Air Force
later flew on Apollo–Soyuz Test Project

John Young
(1930-09-24) September 24, 1930 (age 87)

38
Navy
landed on Apollo 16; later flew two space shuttle missions

Eugene Cernan
(1934-03-14)March 14, 1934
January 16, 2017(2017-01-16) (aged 82)
35
Navy
landed on Apollo 17

5.
Michael Collins
(1930-10-31) October 31, 1930 (age 86)

38
Apollo 11
July 16–24, 1969
Air Force

6.
Dick Gordon
(1929-10-05) October 5, 1929 (age 88)

40
Apollo 12
November 14–24, 1969
Navy
trained to land, slated for Apollo 18 (cancelled)[8]

Jim Lovell
(1928-03-25) March 25, 1928 (age 89)

42
Apollo 13
April 11–17, 1970
Navy
already flown on Apollo 8; intended to land

7.
Jack Swigert
(1931-08-30)August 30, 1931
December 27, 1982(1982-12-27) (aged 51)
38
NASA

8.
Fred Haise
(1933-11-14) November 14, 1933 (age 83)

36
NASA[9]
intended to land; later trained to land and slated for Apollo 19 (cancelled);[8] flew shuttle on approach / landing tests

9.
Stu Roosa
(1933-08-16)August 16, 1933
December 12, 1994(1994-12-12) (aged 61)
37
Apollo 14
January 31 – February 9, 1971
Air Force
in rotation to land on Apollo 20 (cancelled)

10.
Al Worden
(1932-02-07) February 7, 1932 (age 85)

39
Apollo 15
July 26 – August 7, 1971
Air Force

11.
Ken Mattingly
(1936-03-17) March 17, 1936 (age 81)

36
Apollo 16
April 16–27, 1972
Navy
later flew two space shuttle missions.

12.
Ron Evans
(1933-11-10)November 10, 1933
April 7, 1990(1990-04-07) (aged 56)
39
Apollo 17
December 7–19, 1972
Navy


document_title: Manna

question_text: where did manna come from in the bible

question_tokens: where did manna come from in the bible

text: Manna

text: Description[edit]

text: Biblical / canonical description[edit]

text: In the Hebrew Bible, manna is described twice: once in Exodus 16:1–36 with the full narrative surrounding it, and once again in Numbers 11:1–9 as a part of a separate narrative. In the description in the Book of Exodus, manna is described as being "a fine, flake-like thing" like the frost on the ground.[3] It is described in the Book of Numbers as arriving with the dew during the night.[4] Exodus adds that manna was comparable to hoarfrost in color,[3] similarly had to be collected before it was melted by the heat of the sun,[5] and was like a coriander seed in size but white in color.[6] Numbers describes it as having the appearance of bdellium,[7] adding that the Israelites ground it and pounded it into cakes, which were then baked, resulting in something that tasted like cakes baked with oil.[8] Exodus states that raw manna tasted like wafers that had been made with honey.[6] The Israelites were instructed to eat only the manna they had gathered for each day. Stored manna "bred worms and stank":[9] the exception being that stored the day before the Sabbath (Preparation Day), when twice the amount of manna was gathered. This manna did not spoil overnight, because, Exodus 16:23–24 states:

text: This is what the Lord commanded: "Tomorrow is to be a day of rest, a holy Sabbath to the Lord. So bake what you want to bake and boil what you want to boil. Save whatever is left and keep it until morning." So they saved it until morning, as Moses commanded, and it did not stink or get maggots in it.[10]

text: In the Bread of Life Discourse in John's Gospel, the evangelist refers three times to the manna which the Jews' ancestors ate in the desert: the Jews refer to the manna given to them by Moses as a sign of God's promised covenant, and Jesus asserts that the manna was from God and not from Moses, and that the people who ate it were nourished on their journey but ultimately died. In contrast, according to the gospel, Jesus offered living bread, and whoever ate this bread would never die.[11]

text: Manna in the Qurʾān[edit]

text: The word mana appears three times in the Qurʾān, in Quran 2:57, 7:160 and 20:80.[12] It is narrated in the hadith Sahih Muslim that the Prophet Mohammad said "Truffles are part of the 'manna' which Allah sent to the people of Israel through Moses, and its juice is a medicine for the eye."[13]

text: Identification[edit]

text: Some scholars have proposed that manna is cognate with the Egyptian term mennu, meaning "food",[14] a term that has never been attested to in history. At the turn of the twentieth century, Arabs of the Sinai Peninsula were selling resin from the tamarisk tree as man es-simma, roughly meaning "heavenly manna".[15] Tamarisk trees (particularly Tamarix gallica) were once comparatively extensive throughout the southern Sinai, and their resin is similar to wax, melts in the sun, is sweet and aromatic (like honey), and has a dirty-yellow color, fitting somewhat with the Biblical descriptions of manna.[16][17] However, this resin is mostly composed of sugar, so it would be unlikely to provide sufficient nutrition for a population to survive over long periods of time,[16] and it would be very difficult for it to have been compacted into cakes.[17]

text: Other researchers have believed manna to be a form of lichen - a plant colony that often has a low mass per unit volume density and a large "sail area." In particular, Lecanora esculenta has been postulated. Known natural aerial falls of various lichens have been described as occurring in accounts separate from that in the bible. "In some parts of Asia Lecanora esculenta covers the soil to such a degree that, according to Parrot, it forms beds 15 to 20 centimetres thick."[18][19]

text: In the Biblical account, the name manna is said to derive from the question man hu, seemingly meaning "What is it?";[20] this is perhaps an Aramaic etymology, not a Hebrew one.[17] Man is possibly cognate with the Arabic term man, meaning plant lice, with man hu thus meaning "this is plant lice",[17] which fits one widespread modern identification of manna, the crystallized honeydew of certain scale insects.[17][21] In the environment of a desert, such honeydew rapidly dries due to evaporation of its water content, becoming a sticky solid, and later turning whitish, yellowish, or brownish;[17] honeydew of this form is considered a delicacy in the Middle East, and is a good source of carbohydrates.[21] In particular, there is a scale insect that feeds on tamarisk, the Tamarisk manna scale (Trabutina mannipara), which is often considered to be the prime candidate for biblical manna.[22][23]

text: Another type is turkey oak manna, also called Persian gezengevi- gezo, men, Turkish Kudret helvasi, man-es-simma, also Diarbekir manna, or Kurdish manna. It is formed by aphids and appears white. It was common in western Iran, northern Iraq and eastern Turkey. When dried it forms into crystalline lumps which are hard and look like stone. They are pounded before inclusion in breads.[24]

text: A number of ethnomycologists, including Terence McKenna,[25] have suggested that most characteristics of manna are similar to that of Psilocybe cubensis mushrooms, notorious breeding grounds for insects, which decompose rapidly. These peculiar fungi naturally produce a number of molecules that resemble human neurochemicals, and first appear as small fibres (mycelia) that resemble hoarfrost. Psilocybin, the primary psychoactive molecule in the "Psilocybe cubensis" mushroom, has been shown to produce spiritual experiences, with "personal meaning and spiritual significance" when test subjects were evaluated 14 months later.[26]

text: Other minority identifications of manna are that it was a kosher species of locust,[27] or that it was the sap of certain succulent plants (such as those of the genus Alhagi, which have an appetite-suppressing effect).

text: Potential discrepancies[edit]

text: Some form critics posit conflicting descriptions of manna as derived from different lore, with the description in Numbers being from the Jahwist tradition, and the description in Exodus being from the later Priestly tradition.[28][29] The Babylonian Talmud states that the differences in description were due to the taste varying depending on who ate it, with it tasting like honey for small children, like bread for youths, and like oil for the elderly.[30] Similarly, classical rabbinical literature rectifies the question of whether manna came before or after dew, by holding that the manna was sandwiched between two layers of dew, one falling before the manna, and the other after.[15]

text: Origin[edit]

text: Manna is from Heaven, according to the Hebrew Bible [31] and to Jesus in the New Testament,[32] but the various identifications of manna are naturalistic. In the Mishnah, manna is treated as a natural but unique substance, "created during the twilight of the sixth day of Creation",[33] and ensured to be clean, before it arrives, by the sweeping of the ground by a northern wind and subsequent rains.[34] According to classical rabbinical literature, manna was ground in a heavenly mill for the use of the righteous, but some of it was allocated to the wicked and left for them to grind themselves.[15]

text: Use and function[edit]

text: Until they reached Canaan, the Israelites are implied by some passages in the Bible to have eaten only manna during their desert sojourn,[35] despite the availability of milk and meat from the livestock with which they traveled, and the references to provisions of fine flour, oil, and meat, in parts of the journey's narrative.[15]

text: As a natural food substance, manna would produce waste products; but in classical rabbinical literature, as a supernatural substance, it was held that manna produced no waste, resulting in no defecation among the Israelites until several decades later, when the manna had ceased to fall.[36] Modern medical science suggests the lack of defecation over such a long period of time would cause severe bowel problems, especially when other food later began to be consumed again. Classical rabbinical writers say that the Israelites complained about the lack of defecation, and were concerned about potential bowel problems.[36]

text: Many Christian vegetarians say that God had originally intended man would not eat meat because plants cannot move and killing them would not be sinful: manna, a nonmeat substance, is used to support this theory.[37] Further, when the people complained and wished for quail, God gave it to them, but they apparently still complained and some greedily gathered the quail. "While the meat was still between their teeth, before it was chewed, the anger of the Lord was kindled against the people."[38]

text: Food was not manna's only use; one classical rabbinical source states that the fragrant odor of manna was used in an Israelite perfume.[15]

text: Gathering[edit]

text: Exodus says each day one omer of manna was gathered per family member (about 3.64 litres),[39] and may imply this was regardless of how much effort was put into gathering it;[40] a midrash attributed to Rabbi Tanhuma remarks that although some were diligent enough to go into the fields to gather manna, others just lay down lazily and caught it with their outstretched hands.[41] The Talmud states that this factor was used to solve disputes about the ownership of slaves, since the number of omers of manna each household could gather would indicate how many people were legitimately part of the household;[42] the omers of manna for stolen slaves could be gathered only by legitimate owners, and therefore legitimate owners would have spare omers of manna.[42]

text: According to the Talmud, manna was found near the homes of those with strong belief in God, and far from the homes of those with doubts;[42] indeed, one classical midrash says that manna was intangible to Gentiles, as it would inevitably slip from their hands.[43] The Midrash Tanhuma holds that manna melted, formed liquid streams, was drunk by animals, flavored the animal flesh, and was thus indirectly eaten by Gentiles, this being the only way that Gentiles could taste manna.[44] Despite these hints of uneven distribution, classical rabbinical literature expresses the view that manna fell in very large quantities each day. It holds that manna was layered out over 2,000 cubits square, between 50 and 60 cubits in height, enough to nourish the Israelites for 2,000 years[15] and to be seen from the palaces of every king in the East and West.[45] This is probably a metaphorical statement.

text: Sabbath[edit]

text: According to Exodus, Shabbat (Sabbath) was reinstituted the first week manna appeared.[46] It states that twice as much manna as usual was available on the sixth morning of the week, and none at all could be found on the seventh day;[47] although manna usually rotted and became maggot-infested after a single night,[9] that which had been collected on the sixth day remained fresh until the second night.[48] Moses stated that the double portion of Preparation Day was to be consumed on Shabbat;[46] and that God instructed him that no one should leave his place on Shabbat,[49] so that the people could rest during it.[50]

text: Form critics regard this part of the manna narrative to be spliced together from the Yahwist and Priestly traditions, with the Yahwist tradition emphasizing rest during Shabbat, while the Priestly tradition merely states that Shabbat exists, implying that the meaning of "Shabbat" was already known.[17][51] These critics regard this part of the manna narrative as an etiological supernature story designed to explain the origin of Shabbat observance, which in reality was probably pre-Mosaic.[17]

text: Duration of supply[edit]

text: Exodus states that the Israelites consumed the manna for forty years, starting from the fifteenth day of the second month (Iyar 15),[52] but that it then ceased to appear once they had reached a settled land, and once they had reached the borders of Canaan (inhabited by the Canaanites).[53] Form critics attribute this variation to the view that each expression of the manna ceasing derives from different lore; the "settled land" is attributed to the Priestly tradition,[17][51] and "Canaan's borders" to the Yahwist tradition, or to a hypothetical later redaction to synchronize the account with that of the Book of Joshua,[17][51] which states that the manna ceased to appear on the day after the annual Passover festival (Nisan 14), when the Israelites had reached Gilgal.[54] The duration from Iyar 15 to Nisan 14, taken literally, is forty years less one month.

text: There is also a disagreement among classical rabbinical writers as to when the manna ceased, particularly in regard to whether it remained after the death of Moses for a further forty days, seventy days, or fourteen years;[55] indeed, according to Joshua ben Levi, the manna ceased to appear at the moment that Moses died.[15]

text: Despite the eventual termination of the supply of manna, Exodus states that a small amount of it survived within an omer-sized pot or jar, which was kept facing the Testimony (possibly, adjacent to the Ark of the Covenant);[56] it indicates that God instructed this of Moses, who delegated it to Aaron.[57] The Epistle to the Hebrews states that the pot was stored inside the Ark.[58] Classical rabbinical sources believe the pot was made of gold; some say it was only there for the generation following Moses, and others that it survived at least until the time of Jeremiah.[15] However, the First Book of Kings states that it was absent earlier than Jeremiah, during Solomon's reign in the tenth century B.C.[59] Form critics attribute the mention of the pot to the Priestly tradition, concluding that the pot existed in the early sixth century B.C.[51]

text: Later cultural references[edit]

text: By extension, "manna" has been used to refer to any divine or spiritual nourishment.

text: At the Basilica of Saint Nicholas in Bari, Italy, there is an annual ceremony of collecting a clear liquid from the tomb of Saint Nicholas;[60] legend credits the pleasant perfume of this liquid with warding off evil, and it is sold to pilgrims as "the Manna of Saint Nicholas".[61] The liquid gradually seeps out of the tomb, but it is unclear whether it originates from the body within the tomb, or from the marble itself; since the town of Bari is a harbor, and the tomb is below sea level, there are several natural explanations for the manna fluid, including the transfer of seawater to the tomb by capillary action.[62]

text: In the seventeenth century, a woman marketed a clear, tasteless product as a cosmetic, "the Manna of Saint Nicholas of Bari". After the deaths of some 600 men, Italian authorities discovered that the alleged cosmetic was a preparation of arsenic, used by their wives.[63]

text: In a modern botanical context, manna is often used to refer to the secretions of various plants, especially of certain shrubs and trees, and in particular the sugars obtained by evaporating the sap of the manna ash, extracted by making small cuts in the bark.[64] The manna ash, native to southern Europe and southwest Asia, produces a blue-green sap, which has medicinal value as a mild laxative,[65] demulcent, and weak expectorant.[63]

text: The names of both the sugar mannose and its hydrogenated sugar alcohol, mannitol, are derived from manna.[66]

text: Robert Nozick references "manna from heaven" in a thought experiment about distributive justice.[67]

text: Further reading[edit]

text:
Arthur, James (2000). Mushrooms and Mankind: The Impact of Mushrooms on Human Consciousness and Religion. Escondido, CA: Book Tree. ISBN 1-58509-151-0.
Heinrich, Clark (2002). Magic Mushrooms in Religion and Alchemy. Rochester, VT: Park Street Press. ISBN 0-89281-997-9.
Merkur, Dan (2000). The Mystery of Manna: The Psychedelic Sacrament of the Bible. Rochester, VT: Park Street Press. ISBN 0-89281-772-0.
McKenna, Terence (1993). Food of the Gods: The Search for the Original Tree of Knowledge, A Radical History of Plants, Drugs, and Human Evolution. New York, NY: Bantam Books. ISBN 0-553-37130-4.


document_title: Brian Stack

question_text: who does the voice of god on colbert

question_tokens: who does the voice of god on colbert

text: Brian Stack

text: Early life[edit]

text: Stack was born in Chicago, Illinois. He attended Catholic schools from grades 5-12, graduating from St. Viator High School in Arlington Heights, Illinois. He earned an undergraduate degree from Indiana University, where he had worked at their radio station. He began doing improvisational comedy, or improv, in 1987 at the Ark Theater in Madison, Wisconsin, while attending graduate school at University of Wisconsin–Madison, where he earned his Master's degree.[citation needed]

text: Career[edit]

text: Stack got his start in comedy with the improv comedy troupe The Second City.[1]

text: Late Night with Conan O'Brien[edit]

text: Stack became a sketch writer on Late Night with Conan O'Brien in 1997,[1] and served as a writer, actor and editor on the show. He first appeared onscreen when one of the writers asked him to play a doctor in a sketch in which he had no dialogue. One of the first characters he did on the show was Bathtime Bob the Hygiene Cowboy, who sang about bath time, but like many of Stack's characters he had a very dark, tragic underbelly to his upbeat nature. Stack had previously tried to develop this character at Second City, but it never appeared in any shows.[2]

text: Stack remained with O'Brien after O'Brien's move to The Tonight Show in 2009. Stack played many recurring characters on the show, most notably those clad in anachronistic or elaborate outfits, and was known for playing many characters with long beards and mustaches, such as God, Zeus, Socrates, Gandalf, Dumbledore, and The Interrupter. Jeff Loveness of Jimmy Kimmel Live has observed of Stack's characters that there was "such a sadness to each character, but they would not acknowledge their sadness", an assessment that Stack agrees with.[2] Stack has further explained that, "My favorite kind of comedy on late night has always been the non-topical silly stuff where it's not really at anybody's expense. My least favorite kind of joke is a celebrity joke, because it tends to be very familiar or sometimes very mean, and if it's not mean it doesn't even work, usually...But my favorite kind of comedy on late night is at no one's expense but the character that's involved in the sketch where you're not really going after anybody."[2] Stack made occasional appearances on The Tonight Show, such as when he played an NRA spokesman who intimates violence to accomplish his agenda.

text: Among the characters he has portrayed:

text:
Kilty McBagpipes, an extremely stereotypical Scottish man who dresses in a kilt and dances to bagpipe music.[citation needed]
Frankenstein, a smiling, affable version of Frankenstein's Monster, used in a number of miscellaneous sketches over the years, most notably a recurring sketch called "Frankenstein Wastes A Minute of our Time", in which the monster takes a winding journey through Studio 6A, sometimes travelling backstage, through the audience, and out into the halls, egging on the camera to follow behind him, until he reaches his destination and presents something totally mundane, such as a light switch, or a mop and bucket. This occurs even when there are more interesting things nearby, as in one installment in which he ended up in bandleader Max Weinberg's dressing room, where a dominatrix brandishing a cat o' nine tails was present, and Frankenstein simply picked up a hairbrush and grunted to the camera approvingly. Another sketch involved Frankenstein's wandering through many different halls backstage, until he comes across Tom Hanks leaning against a wall, yanks him aside, and marvels at a light switch.
Hannigan the Traveling Salesman, a hat-wearing traveling salesman in outdated clothing who bursts into the studio, addresses Conan as "little girl", and runs through a scripted sales pitch in an attempt to sell Conan unfunny jokes, sketch ideas and other useless home products. Hannigan was created at the suggestion of writer Andrew Weinberg, who suggested that Stack play an "old-timey salesman". Stack wrote the sketches with Weinberg and Michael Koman, with whom he would later collaborate on the TV series Eagleheart. Hannigan's voice was inspired by Stack's appreciation for William Powell's Thin Man film series.[2]
Artie Kendall the Ghost Crooner, the ghost of an old-fashioned lounge singer who worked in the studio decades ago when it was a radio studio, and whose song lyrics reflect antiquated bigoted and sexist views that offend Conan. Kendall typically sings three brief songs during his appearances, the first of which usually reflects an antiquated social view, the second of which reflects a misogynistic view, and the last of which contains lyrics denigrating to the Irish people, which Kendall sings in reaction to the "hot Irish temper" he observes in Conan when Conan is outraged by the first two songs.[citation needed] Kendall was killed by the League of Women Voters, who, offended at Kendall's misogyny, had him dig his own grave before beating him to death with the shovel.[3] Like Hannigan, the old-timey tone of Artie Kendall was partially inspired by Stack's love of old movies like Thin Man and My Man Godfrey. Stack was also inspired by the fact that Rockefeller Center had been in operation since the 1930s, and that radio singer Bing Crosby had "sort of a dark side" in his personal life that did not appear in his onscreen persona.[2] The song Kendall sings has exactly the same melody every time. (Which also happens to be exactly the same melody Bathtime Bob sang.)
The Interrupter, a melodramatic villain clad in a black cape, a purple ruffled shirt, and wearing long black hair and a handlebar mustache, the Interrupter constantly interrupts Conan by finishing his sentences for him, always knowing exactly what Conan is going to say, even when it's denigrating to the Interrupter himself. Occasionally, if the sketch runs long enough, the roles will eventually become reversed, with the Interrupter starting sentences and Conan doing the interrupting. Eventually the sketches evolved so that the first celebrity guest, and O'Brien himself, would replace the Interrupter as the one interrupting.[1][2]
Fan-Tastic Guy, an enthusiastic audience member who shows his appreciation of the upcoming guests that Conan announces by inventing various words with the suffix "tastic" to describe them, only to become silent and uninterested when Conan mentions his own comedy material on the show.[citation needed]
Brian Slipnut, a member of The Slipnutz (also known as They Might be Slipnutz), a comedy group of three men (Stack, Andy Blitz, Jon Glaser) that was inconveniently booked on the same show with Slipknot, (and later with They Might Be Giants). Their routine involves the three of them slipping and sliding on nuts scattered on the floor. The Slipnutz also appeared on the program to promote their greatest hits album, which included songs like "Old West Cowboys Slipping on Nuts" and "Viking Raiders Slipping on Nuts".[2]
Clive Clemmons, British heavy metal guitar legend with his own channel filled with his favorite inappropriate responses from everyday life.
Ira (of Jeremy & Ira), performed with Late Night writer Jon Glaser (as Jeremy), as two bizarre men from another dimension dressed in black hoods, who would visit Conan & Andy from time-to-time, always appearing in the corner of the TV screen. They never speak, and only communicate through nodding and other gestures.[citation needed]
Bullet Proof Legs Assassin, a man dressed in all black who always shoots the "Bullet Proof Legs Guys" at the end of every sketch.[2]
Steve St. Helens, a stagehand on the show whose temper rises until he erupts. The character first appeared when Mt. St. Helens began showing activity in early 2005.[4]

text: Stack also provided the voices of numerous celebrities parodied in the Syncro-Vox faux interviews conducted by O'Brien, including Dick Cheney, Mike Tyson, and Martha Stewart.

text: Among the other characters Stack has created on the show are Stacy Richter, Andy Richter's Conan-obsessed little sister, who was portrayed by Stacks’ fellow Upright Citizens Brigade alumna, Amy Poehler. Stack also created the recurring segment "Pierre Bernard’s Recliner of Rage".

text: Conan recurring characters[edit]

text: Stack continued his work on O'Brien's TBS series, Conan. His last episode aired on April 2, 2015. In the episode, he appeared as The Interrupter, one of his recurring characters, in a sketch in which he and his character bade farewell to the series.[5]

text: Among his recurring characters:

text:
James Sinclair St. Wallins, Audiencey Awards Fashion Correspondent.
Brian LaFontaine, Singer on "Basic Cable Name That Tune". Conan frequently expresses his contempt for this character, making comments such as "Hate that guy" or "Easily my least favorite person".
Voice of Minty the Candycane Singer, sings the theme song for "Minty the Candycane Who Briefly Fell On The Ground" (played by Brian McCann) every Christmas.
Joe Galliano, John Galliano's 'brother' who Conan interviews, generally in response to comments made by John Galliano. Joe tries to defend his brother while changing into ridiculous hats every time the camera switches back to Conan.
Wiki Bear, Stack provides the voice of 2014 recurring character "Wiki Bear", a teddy bear who has a vast knowledge of very disturbing facts.

text: The Late Show with Stephen Colbert[edit]

text: Stack left Conan to take a job on the writing staff of the CBS series Late Show following fellow Second City alumnus Stephen Colbert's assumption of that show's hosting duties following the departure of David Letterman. The job would have Stack moving back to New York, where Stack had previously worked on Late Night with Conan O'Brien.[1] He voices both the characters of "Cartoon Donald Trump" and "God" on the show.

text: Other work[edit]

text:
Played "Special Agent in Charge" in the 1997 movie Spaceman.
Played "Whiskers" in Robert Smigel’s TV series, TV Funhouse in the episode "Western Day" (episode # 1.1; December 6, 2000).
Played Howard Jorgensen on the NBC sitcom 30 Rock in the episodes "Jack Meets Dennis", "Succession" and "Larry King".
Stack provided voices for numerous characters in the video games Deer Avenger (1998) and Deer Avenger 2: Deer in the City (1999), which were written by Stack’s fellow Late Night writer/actor Brian McCann, and which co-starred McCann, Tina Fey, Jon Glaser, and Amy Poehler.
Stack is a frequent performer in the ASSSSCAT improvisational comedy show at the Upright Citizens Brigade Theater in New York and Los Angeles.
Played Mark, an employee of the Buffalo branch who becomes angry when learning the branch is being shut down, in "Company Picnic", an episode of The Office.
Stack co-starred as "The World's Tallest Nebraskan" in the Comedy Central animated series Freak Show in 2006.
Provided the voice for the Airplane Pilot in Hotel Transylvania in 2012.
In 2013 and 2014, Stack played Ted in the TV series Parks and Recreation.
Played Don in the Aqua Teen Hunger Force season ten episode season "Piranha Germs", and Mappy the Map in the season eleven episode "Knapsack!".
Played a cop on the FOX sitcom "New Girl" in the episode "First Date".

text: Personal life[edit]

text: Stack is married to actress Miriam Tolan.[citation needed]

text: Awards[edit]

text:
As a member of Late Night's writing staff, Stack won five Writers Guild Awards for Writing in a Comedy/Variety Series for 2000, 2002, 2003, 2005 and 2006. He was also nominated in 1999, 2001, and 2004.
Stack was also nominated for an Emmy Award every year since 1998 for Outstanding Writing for a Variety, Music or Comedy Program as a member of the writing team, winning in 2007.


document_title: Wizards of Waverly Place (season 4)

question_text: who become the family wizard in wizards of waverly

text: Wizards of Waverly Place (season 4)

text: Opening sequence[edit]

text: Season 4 of the series features a revamped opening sequence with clips from past seasons. The opening sequence takes place in the wizard lair at the Russo home. Footage of Alex (Selena Gomez) and Justin Russo (David Henrie) is shown in the Crystal replay ball from the season premiere "Alex Tells the World". Then, a spell book opens and footage of Max Russo (Jake T. Austin) and Harper Finkle (Jennifer Stone) appear. After that, footage of Theresa (Maria Canals Barrera) and Jerry Russo (David DeLuise) are shown in a cauldron. After the footage is played, Alex transports them to Times Square, with Alex waving her wand to reveal the title logo and the name of the creator. The theme song Everything Is Not What It Seems has also been remixed and sung by Selena Gomez for the fourth season of the show.

text: Synopsis[edit]

text: Alex and Justin are sent back to level one in the wizard competition after "exposing" wizardry in "Alex Tells the World", leaving Max as the most expected to become the family wizard. In "Alex Gives Up", Alex quits the competition, but eventually decides to stay in the competition in "Journey to the Center of Mason" to be with Mason. Before then, Harper tries to get Alex to enjoy life without wizardry. Meanwhile, Justin tries to tutor a class of delinquent wizards.

text: In the episode, "Three Maxes and a Little Lady", Alex and Justin accidentally turn Max into a little girl, Maxine, portrayed by Bailee Madison. She ends up making Alex jealous when their father prefers Maxine over Alex. Maxine remains until "Back to Max". In the episode "Everything's Rosie for Justin", Justin falls in love with Rosie, a guardian angel, but at the end of "Dancing with Angels" she becomes an Angel of Darkness. In "Zeke Finds Out", the Russos finally reveal to Zeke that they are wizards. In "Wizard of the Year", Alex is crowned Wizard of the Year for saving the world from the angels of darkness, and is reinstated in the Wizards Competition. In "Justin's Back In", Justin is reinstated in the Wizard Competition, after his class of delinquent wizards passes.

text: Meanwhile, Alex's relationship with Mason is jeopardized again when a beast tamer, Chase Riprock, falls in love with Alex and Mason gets jealous. This results in Alex breaking up with Mason. Alex, Justin and Max then save the world from being destroyed by an asteroid. Later, Alex and Harper move into an apartment building with a secret 13th floor for wizards and other creatures in the wizard world. However, it turns out to be a trap made by Gorog to capture the wizards who live in the same floor to make them join the dark side and rule the wizard world. He is defeated and destroyed by Alex, Justin and Max who were using the Power of Three. During this, Alex and Mason get back together and, after a long time, Justin finally gets back together with Juliet.

text: Finally, in the hour-long series finale, Alex, Justin, and Max compete in the family wizard competition. Alex wins and gains full wizardry; Justin becomes a full wizard as well when Professor Crumbs reveals he is retiring as headmaster of WizTech and passes the position to Justin. Jerry also decides to pass down the Waverly Sub Station to Max one day since he is the only child who is not a wizard anymore. The series ends with hugging and Alex saying that they are all happy.

text: Guest stars and recurring cast include: Gregg Sulkin as Mason Greybeck, Ian Abercrombie as Professor Crumbs, David Barrera as Carlos Cucuy, Samantha Boscarino as Lisa Cucuy, Bill Chott as Mr. Laritate, Frank Pacheco as Felix, Bridgit Mendler as Juliet van Heusen, Daniel Samonas as Dean Moriarty, Bailee Madison as Maxine Russo, Shane Harper as Fidel, Dan Benson as Zeke Beakerman, John Rubinstein as Gorog, Andy Kindler as Chancellor Tootietootie, Fred Stoller as Dexter, Leven Rambin as Rosie, China Anne McClain as Tina, Kari Wahlgren as Helen, Cameron Sanders as Nelvis, Josh Sussman as Hugh Normous, Jackie Evancho as Herself, McKaley Miller as Talia, Valente Rodriguez as Muy Macho, and Nick Roux as Chase Riprock.

text: Cast[edit]

text:
Selena Gomez as Alex Russo
David Henrie as Justin Russo
Jake T. Austin as Max Russo
Jennifer Stone as Harper Finkle
Maria Canals Barrera as Theresa Russo
David DeLuise as Jerry Russo

text: Episodes[edit]

text: This season consists of 27 episodes.

text:
Wizards of Waverly Place Season 4 episodes

No.
overall
No. in
season
Title
Directed by
Written by
Original air date
Prod.
code [1]
U.S. viewers
(millions)

80
1
"Alex Tells the World"
Victor Gonzalez
Gigi McCreery & Perry Rein
November 12, 2010 (2010-11-12)
401
4.1[2]

The Russos and Mason finally make it back home, but their wizard powers are still gone. While the family wants to stay quiet, Alex believes that they should take action, so she reveals that they are wizards to reporters and tells them that a group of wizards are being held captive by the government. As she urges them to spread the word, Professor Crumbs appears and tells her that everything that had happened was a test that she failed miserably and orders her to Wizard Court for exposing wizardry to the world. Justin is also ordered to attend because he exposed magic to Agent Lamwood, who was a creation from Professor Crumbs' mind. The judges rule Alex and Justin guilty, and Professor Crumbs sentences them both to be demoted to level one in the Family Wizard Competition, making them behind Max by two levels. Meanwhile, Max sets up traps in the Sub Station for the "government", but ends up falling for one of them.
Special guest star: Gregg Sulkin as Mason
Guest star: Ian Abercrombie as Professor Crumbs

81
2
"Alex Gives Up"
Victor Gonzalez
Todd J. Greenwald
November 27, 2010 (2010-11-27)
402
N/A

Alex decides to give up the wizard competition to spend more time with Mason and thinks that it does not matter since Max is all the way in the lead, but Chancellor Tootietootie tells Alex that non-wizards and werewolves cannot date, because the werewolf always eats the human. Max's picture on the front of Future Wizards magazine attracts the daughter of a family of Cucuys (mythical Latino monster) and they invite him to a dinner party on their yacht. Alex comes up with a scheme to invite Chancellor Tootietootie to the Cucuy party in hopes of getting him to appeal the law against werewolves and mortals dating. Lisa Cucuy finds out that Mason is a werewolf and decides that she wants him instead of Max. Alex gets jealous when Lisa flirts with Mason, so Alex says embarrassing things about Mason to everyone on the yacht so that he will be mad enough to turn into a werewolf. Carlos and Julie Cucuy jump off the boat as Cucuys are scared of werewolves. Jerry jumps off after them. Alex tells Lisa that she can get off the boat the easy way or her way. Once Lisa jumps off the boat, Chancellor Tootietootie says that their case will not be appealed as by Mason turning into a werewolf proved his point that they are dangerous. In the end, Alex and Mason have to break up to be friends and Harper finishes writing her first novel based on the werewolf-wizard relationship. Jerry tries to get Harper to help him out of the water but accidentally grabs her just finished novel, which causes him to fall back into the water. Meanwhile, Justin tutors a class of delinquent wizards in an attempt to gain a level to re-enter the Wizard Competition.
Special guest star: Gregg Sulkin as Mason
Guest stars: Andy Kindler as Chancellor Tootietootie, Frank Pacheco as Felix, David Barrera as Carlos Cucuy, Roxana Brusso as Julie Cucuy, Samantha Boscarino as Lisa Cucuy, Kari Wahlgren as Helen

82
3
"Lucky Charmed"
Victor Gonzalez
Justin Varava
December 10, 2010 (2010-12-10)
403
3.0[3]

Harper tries teaching Alex how to live without magic, but the strain of taking responsibility for her actions instead of using magic causes a disagreement between the two best friends when Alex gets in big trouble for crashing Mr. Laritate's car. As punishment, Alex has to clean the school's garbage cans. Mr. Laritate forgives Alex after seeing how the crash influenced her, and Alex realizes that she will be okay without magic. Wanting to thank Harper, Alex uses Mr. Laritate's lucky life-saving hula girl figurine, Leilani, for luck, as Mr. Laritate does. During Harper's driving test, Alex turns into the hula girl and guides Harper through the test, knowing that she might fail. In the end, Harper passes her test. Meanwhile, Jerry wants to pass on the wizard family robe to Max, but Justin has a hard time letting go of it.
Guest stars: Bill Chott as Mr. Laritate, Julio Oscar Mechoso as DMV Instructor
Absent: Maria Canals Barrera as Theresa Russo

83
4
"Journey to the Center of Mason"
Robbie Countryman
Peter Dirksen
December 17, 2010 (2010-12-17)
404
N/A

After she finds out that she will lose her powers, Alex can no longer date Mason, so they decide to try being best friends instead. After watching a film at the theaters, Harper, Alex, and Mason go home, Dean, who was Alex's Ex-Boyfriend comes and asks Alex to get back together with him. Mason gets jealous. When Dean brings a gift for Alex, Mason then asks what Alex's relationship is with Dean, and Max tells him that Dean and Alex used to date, making Mason more jealous. Mason then turns into a werewolf and eats Dean. Alex, Justin, and Max come up with a solution to turn Justin's toy Captain Jim Bob submarine big and go in it. They then shrink it and go into Mason's mouth. While there, Alex, Max, and Justin see Mason's thoughts, which are all of Alex. They get Dean out, and Alex, when Harper, Max, and Justin leave, Alex tells Dean that he was knocked out and the doctor's solution was for them all to dress up as cows. Dean then gives her his offer once again: he wants to get back with her. Alex tells him 'no', and then gets back together with Mason, with deciding to get back to the Wizard Competition.
Special guest star: Gregg Sulkin as Mason
Guest stars: Daniel Samonas as Dean, Frank Pacheco as Felix, Shoshana Bush as Tyler

84
5
"Three Maxes and a Little Lady"
Victor Gonzalez
Richard Goodman
January 7, 2011 (2011-01-07)
405
4.0[4]

Alex joins Justin's wizard class to try to move up in the competition. Max joins a sophisticated wizard society. They suggest he move the wizard competition up and he moves it to a few days away. Max quits the society because he finds out that they are taking advantage of him. Alex and Justin transform into Max in an attempt to change the date of the family wizard competition back to its original date and succeed. In the end of the episode they accidentally turn Max indefinitely into a little girl.
Guest stars: Bailee Madison as Maxine, Frank Pacheco as Felix, Kari Wahlgren as Helen, Shane Harper as Fidel
Note: Bailee Madison begins her recurring role as Maxine, the female Max in this episode. Jake T. Austin was absent in four other episodes and returns at the end of the tenth episode "Back to Max".

85
6
"Daddy's Little Girl"
Robbie Countryman
Gigi McCreery & Perry Rein
January 21, 2011 (2011-01-21)
406
3.4[5]

With Max still a little girl, their parents pay more attention to Max (Maxine), and Alex becomes jealous. Justin takes Maxine to her (Max's) karate class and Maxine kicks Justin's butt. After the class, Alex decides to make Jerry's favorite sandwich in order to win his love back, but Maxine comes along with Justin, announcing that she beat Justin in karate, and Jerry immediately falls for her cuteness again. More jealous than ever, Alex comes back with Justin to Maxine's karate class with their parents, having a slight idea of knowing how to change Maxine back to Max. They cast spells on Maxine, Justin using the spell he used on Max that turned him into Maxine, and Alex using the reverse spell. Unfortunately, it only makes Maxine cuter, which makes her furious. Instead of going against the person she was supposed to, she demands that she kicks either Alex or Justin's butt. Justin goes against her, but seeing that he would lose, Alex casts a spell on Justin to make him a karate master. Too fast for Maxine, Justin beats her, and Maxine is hurt (physically). Jerry and Theresa rush to her side, caring for Maxine more than they care that Justin beat Maxine in karate. Justin leaves, and Alex leaves after him, heartbroken. Back at home, Jerry tells Alex that he fell for Maxine because she reminded him of Alex when she was little and they bond again. Meanwhile, Zeke thinks the Russos hate him, but really it was just Harper's alibi in order to keep him away from the Sub Station so as not to make him suspicious about Max's disappearance and Maxine's appearance.
Guest stars: Bailee Madison as Maxine, Dan Benson as Zeke, Lanny Joon as Sensei
Absent: Jake T. Austin as Max Russo

86
7
"Everything's Rosie for Justin"
Victor Gonzalez
Justin Varava
February 4, 2011 (2011-02-04)
407
3.9[6]

Justin and his delinquent class have a wizard wand dance assessment to do which will get them back in Wiztech. A new student named Rosie joins, whom Justin falls madly in love with to later find out that she is an Angel. Meanwhile, Jerry, Teresa, and Harper try to think of ideas of how to get more people to come to their restaurant. Harper makes cards which customers get hole punched each time they buy a sandwich; when you get 9 hole punches, they get a free sandwich. Contrary to the original purpose, one man punches his own card, demands a free sandwich, and then brings dozens of people into the restaurant, who also have pre-punched cards. Maxine uses her charming cuteness to convince the customers to not exploit her parents. Meanwhile, Justin kicks Rosie out of his class so that it does not fail the wizard dance assessment. Sympathizing, Alex gets Rosie to rejoin the class and puts a copycat spell on her so that Rosie can mimic Alex's move and pass the class. The assessment ends in disaster when a squirrel-frog attaches itself to Alex's foot, and Rosie reveals herself to be an angel. The class fails, but Justin starts dating Rosie.
Guest stars: Bailee Madison as Maxine, Frank Pacheco as Felix, Leven Rambin as Rosie, Diane Delano as Penny, Chris Coppola as Customer, Cameron Sanders as Nelvis
Absent: Jake T. Austin as Max Russo

87
8
"Dancing with Angels"
Victor Gonzalez
Richard Goodman
February 11, 2011 (2011-02-11)
408
4.5[7]

Justin and Rosie start dating but when their date gets ruined, they want a second date. Alex suggests an Angel Club in Los Angeles, but Rosie says that only Angels are allowed. Maxine will not tell their parents as long as Alex brings her back an Ozzy Osbourne stone. After Justin, Harper and Alex sneak in along with Rosie, Zeedrik asks them if they are angels and they say they are. Back at the sub shop, Theresa and Jerry question Maxine to find out where Justin, Alex and Harper are, and Maxine does not say, so they force her to join a Pageant in order for her to tell them where they are. Things get bad at the angel club when Alex and Harper cannot fly, until Justin secretly pulls out his wand and gives Harper flying powers. Zeedrik still questions them by giving them a test to sing while playing the harp. Though Alex, Justin, and Harper fail to do so, they are accepted as "angels" until the key-chain of Ozzy Osbourne's star reverts to normal. Zeedrik believes they are really angels of darkness, causing everyone in the club to run off, even Rosie. Rosie comes back at the end of the episode to comfort Justin, but when they both look over the city, Rosie's wings are shown to be black, the color of an angel of darkness' wings, but Justin does not see because he is looking forward. Meanwhile, Maxine ends up winning the beauty pageant, making Jerry and Theresa celebrate.
Guest stars: Bailee Madison as Maxine, Leven Rambin as Rosie, Ransford Doherty as Zeedrik
Absent: Jake T. Austin as Max Russo

88
9
"Wizards vs. Angels"
Victor Gonzalez
Vince Cheung & Ben Montanio
February 18, 2011 (2011-02-18)
409–410
5.1[8]

Rosie is an Angel of Darkness, and has been tricking Justin all along to make him evil. Alex finds out, with the help of Tina (a guardian angel in training trying to earn her wings) that Rosie is an Angel of Darkness. Justin crosses over to the dark side with Rosie, steals the "moral compass",and gives it to Gorog, so Gorog can turn the compass from good to bad, so that the world will be covered in darkness and every human being will be corrupted. Rosie tries to get Justin to run away and save him, because Gorog wants to destroy him, but Justin refuses to leave, stating that he is no longer a wizard but an Angel of Darkness and breaks his wand in half. Alex tries to convince Justin that he is a wizard, a good wizard and not an Angel of Darkness.
Meanwhile, Maxine is enrolled in Tribeca Prep, since she is participating in a "cousin exchange program." After her first day of school, Maxine laments that she has no friends,which leads Harper to insist Maxine have a slumber party (which is really what Harper wants because she has never had a slumber party), that eventually becomes a disaster. Tina reveals that Rosie was a good angel, and her teacher however, Gorog reached her before her transport arrived and corrupted her. Alex and Tina go to the Dark Realm to save Justin. Alex borrows a pair of wings from the guardian angels. Alex takes the Moral Compass and tries to turn it to good but Justin stops her and then Rosie used her good angel side and they fly up and when they land, Justin turns the compass to good. Tina and Alex take it and run. When Rosie and Justin kiss, Rosie turns into a good angel (with white wings), and Justin loses the dark wings.
Guest stars: Bill Chott as Mr. Laritate, Bailee Madison as Maxine, Leven Rambin as Rosie, John Rubinstein as Gorog, China McClain as Tina, Amy Tolsky as Florence
Note: This is a one-hour special.
Absent: Jake T. Austin as Max Russo

89
10
"Back To Max"
Guy Distad
Todd J. Greenwald
March 11, 2011 (2011-03-11)
411
3.7[9]

Justin invites Professor Crumbs to check on his delinquent wizards class, to see how their wizard training is progressing. During the conversation, Maxine interrupts, causing Alex and Justin to panic since they do not know how to explain "Maxine", and they try to find a way to turn Maxine back to Max. Meanwhile, Harper takes a role in the school's "Spirit of America" play, only to be replaced by Maxine.
Guest stars: Bill Chott as Mr. Laritate, Ian Abercrombie as Professor Crumbs, Bailee Madison as Maxine, Cameron Sanders as Nelvis, LJ Benet as Little Crumbs, Jackie Evancho as Choir Girl
Note: Jake T. Austin returns as Max near the end of the episode. Bailee Madison marks her final appearance as Maxine in this episode.

90
11
"Zeke Finds Out"
David DeLuise
Peter Dirksen
April 8, 2011 (2011-04-08)
412
3.0[10]

When Alex gets bored of Zeke's failing magic tricks, she decides to use magic to make Zeke's tricks come true. Everything goes downhill when Zeke tells Harper he believes he is a wizard and is now booking a magic act at the sub station for a kid's birthday party. Since Justin and Harper are tired of Alex ruining things all the time, they decide to leave everything up to her. Harper, not wanting to let Zeke make a fool of himself, tells Alex to tell Zeke the truth about wizards, but she is reluctant to, as exposing wizardry to another mortal could get her kicked out of the wizard competition forever if anyone finds out. Zeke goes on with his belief that he is a "wizard", but he finds out Harper is keeping a secret from him so he breaks up with her. Alex realizes what a mess she created and on the day of Zeke's magic act, she makes Harper disappear before she can expose wizardry to Zeke, which freaks him out. The Russos really are in deep waters when Zeke is going to saw Max in half with a real saw for his next act, so Justin takes matters into his own hands and freezes everyone except for himself and Zeke. Justin tells Zeke that he is a wizard, not Zeke, and that he did everything. Still not believing him, he flashes Zeke into their lair and unveils the secret to him. They go back outside and tell Harper and Alex who are fighting, that Zeke now knows about the existence of wizards, but he promises he will never tell anyone. Zeke and Harper reconcile their relationship and Alex and Harper apologize and make up with each other.
Guest stars: Dan Benson as Zeke, Maurice G. Smith as Big Mitch
Absent: Maria Canals Barrera as Theresa Russo, David DeLuise as Jerry Russo

91
12
"Magic Unmasked"
David DeLuise
Justin Varava
May 13, 2011 (2011-05-13)
413
2.7[11]

When a former legendary Luchador "Muy Macho" visits the Sub Station, Alex finds out that she was the reason why he quit lucha libre (wrestling), so she tries to make it up to him by arranging a lucha libre match with him and Jerry to restore his honor. Meanwhile, Zeke asks too many questions about wizardry, so Justin offers to grant him one magical wish if he promised he would stop questioning him about magic. Unfortunately, Zeke's wish is to defeat Muy Macho in the match. Max pretends to like Talia's hobbies, but does not enjoy them.
Guest stars: Dan Benson as Zeke, Valente Rodriguez as Muy Macho, McKaley Miller as Talia

92
13
"Meet the Werewolves"
Victor Gonzalez
David Henrie
June 17, 2011 (2011-06-17)
415
4.0[12]

When Alex asks Mason if she can meet his parents, Mason shows his fake parents and she finds out soon after. She gets upset at Mason and demands him to take her to his real parents. Mason takes her to the Autumn Moon Feast (werewolf holiday) to meet his parents. Soon after that Alex finds out he told his parents that she is a werewolf and is frustrated. She uses a spell to change herself and Harper into werewolves. She tries to be the worst werewolf possible in front of Mason's parents during the feast. In the end Mason's parents like her as a werewolf and she says to him that they do not know the real her. She begins to leave and he says that he truly loves Alex to his parents and that she is a wizard. She changes back to a wizard and Mason turns back to human form. After the parents find out they try to eat her and Mason and Alex make a near escape. Meanwhile Max makes his parents' food taste like kid food in order to make it taste good. Afterwards Jerry and Theresa eat it, and as a result they act like little kids. Justin thinks he will have to fix it but Max comments on how he does not need help, as he will be the future family wizard. Max uses another spell on cookies to make them older, but they turn into teenagers. Finally, Justin uses a spell on a pizza to turn them back into their regular selves.
Special guest star: Gregg Sulkin as Mason
Guest stars: Harry Van Gorkum as Grant Greybeck, Robin Riker as Linda Greybeck, Marianne Muellerleile as Molly, Eric Zuckerman as Bill

93
14
"Beast Tamer"
Victor Gonzalez
Gigi McCreery & Perry Rein
June 24, 2011 (2011-06-24)
416
4.0[13]

When Alex, Justin and Max win four tickets to the "Beast Bowl", the tickets are delivered by Beast Tamer Chase Riprock, who begins flirting with Alex and invites the group for a pre-bowl tour. Alex invites Mason to go with them but he says he cannot. During the tour, despite Chase's warnings, Justin attempts to tame the beast so that Max can have his photo taken with the beast, but both are caught and banned from the event. Chase tries to kiss Alex but she rejects him and returns to the mortal world where she finds Mason coming out a hardware store. Mason is evasive about his plans, which involve making an anniversary present for Alex, so Alex returns to the Beast Bowl. Harper tells Mason that Chase likes Alex and urges him to surprise her with the gift at the Beast Bowl. Meanwhile, Justin and Max return to the Beast Bowl disguised as beast taming clowns where they allow the beast to escape and snatch Alex who throws the whip to Chase. Chase tames the beast who drops Alex and Mason is able to reveal his gift, which is a sculpture of himself and Alex. Alex and Mason leave together, with the sculpture.
Special guest star: Gregg Sulkin as Mason
Guest star: Nick Roux as Chase
Absent: Maria Canals Barrera as Theresa Russo, David DeLuise as Jerry Russo

94
15
"Wizard of the Year"
Victor Gonzalez
Richard Goodman
July 8, 2011 (2011-07-08)
417
3.6[14]

Alex has been crowned Wizard of the Year after saving the world from dark angels, as well as being reinstated in the Wizard Competition, and a banquet honoring her achievement is hosted. With paparazzi in tow, Chase Riprock visits the lair to congratulate Alex. As he leaves, Keith Keith hounds them about being in a romantic relationship, to which Alex states she already has a boyfriend. Later, Mason and Alex watch his gossip segment, and to their horror, Keith Keith confirms that Chase and Alex are dating. For Alex winning Wizard of the Year, the Russo family must record a holographic video congratulating Alex. However, much to Justin's displeasure, Justin's video instead only contains him complaining about Alex. The night of the awards banquet, Mason stands Alex up, leaving her devastated. At the banquet, Chancellor TootieTootie tells Justin that his display of affection and pride for Alex may reinstate him into the competition, causing Justin to be frantic and do everything within his power to destroy the tape. Chase purposely invites himself to sit at the Russo's table. However, Mason shows up late and sees Alex and Chase flirting together. A short battle ensues between Mason and Chase. Alex soon breaks up the fight, and is forced to choose either Mason or Chase. Appalled by both of their behaviors that evening, Alex chooses neither and breaks up with Mason.
Special guest star: Gregg Sulkin as Mason
Guest stars: Andy Kindler as Chancellor Tootietootie, Nick Roux as Chase, Justin Guarini as Keith Keith

95
16
"Misfortune at the Beach"
Jody Margolin Hahn
Vince Cheung & Ben Montanio
July 24, 2011 (2011-07-24)
420
3.5[15]

The Russos head to the beach on an extremely hot day, and Harper hopes to enjoy reading her book while at the beach. The Russos come across Zelzar, a fortune-telling machine. Jerry warns the kids about Zelzar – he is from the wizard world, and a wizard's fortune really comes true. After Max and Justin receive good fortunes, Alex decides to get a fortune despite her father's warning. However, her fortune says, "Say good-bye to your life." Alex thinks nothing of it and proceeds to enjoy the day at the beach, but comes close to life-threatening situations multiple times. Alex, Justin, Max, and Harper make a compromise with Zelzar – if they can extract him from the machine and let him enjoy a day at the beach, he will take back Alex's fortune. Max replaces Zelzar, and Justin is forced to drive the beach-goers away from the machine (as Max gives out silly fortunes about his new facial hair); meanwhile, the girls help Zelzar fancy his day at the beach. In the end, Zelzar reveals that while he cannot take away Alex's fortune, he can give it to the next person. The next person happens to be a little girl, who gets Alex's fortune. However, it is revealed that a man from Random Prize Giveaway shows up, saying: "Say good-bye to your life because we're randomly giving you one million dollars!"
Guest stars: Michael Carbonaro as Zelzar, John J. York as Game Show Host

96
17
"Wizards vs. Asteroid"
Victor Gonzalez
Peter Dirksen
August 19, 2011 (2011-08-19)
418
3.6[16]

When it is announced that a huge asteroid is hurtling towards the earth, the Russos decide to hide in the wizard world, but Alex, Justin, and Max change their minds and go into space to destroy the asteroid. Meanwhile, Alex finds out that she is not graduating high school, but when a small part of the asteroid hits the school, she gets a chance to graduate.
Guest stars: Dan Benson as Zeke, Bill Chott as Mr. Laritate, Kristina Hayes as Reporter

97
18
"Justin's Back In"
Guy Distad
Todd J. Greenwald
August 26, 2011 (2011-08-26)
419
3.2[17]

Justin's class of delinquent wizards has completed their studies, which means they are eligible to rejoin WizTech if they all pass their final evaluation. When they all fail, Alex suspects something is not right. The truth soon uncovered – the class had actually passed, but the historian who checked the exams was revealed to be evil, and had lied about the exam scores. He tries to attack Justin's class, so Justin must stop the historian, and save Alex. but one of the students in the class is able to stop him by pulling the most powerful wand in the wizard world out of a crystal ball and using it. This means that he is actually the descendant of a famous wizard who had previously been thought to have no living descendants. Justin's class is revealed to have passed the final exam, so they are readmitted into WizTech and Justin is officially back in the family wizard competition. Meanwhile, Jerry and Theresa realize that they never saved any of Max's childhood accomplishments, so they try to recreate them with the help of Harper. During the credits, it is revealed that Max had kept his favorite memories all along.
Special guest star: Tim Conway as Cragmont
Guest stars: Ian Abercrombie as Professor Crumbs, Frank Pacheco as Felix, Cameron Sanders as Nelvis

98
19
"Alex the Puppetmaster"
Victor Gonzalez
Gigi McCreery & Perry Rein
September 16, 2011 (2011-09-16)
421
3.0[18]

Alex and Harper decide to do a puppet show to raise money for a new apartment and Zeke and Justin help them. But Alex forgets to write the lines for the show. Harper gets mad and decides to do a show of her own and makes her puppets act like the way Alex treats her. Alex makes Justin and Zeke puppets for her show and steals Harper's crowd which makes Harper upset. Then Alex apologizes to Harper using the puppets. Meanwhile, Talia's parents meet Theresa and Jerry for the first time, but it does not go well. Justin puts a spell on Talia's parents to forget they ever meet Theresa and Jerry. They meet again, but this time they end up watching a 16-hour play together.
Special guest star: Joely Fisher as Meg Robinson
Guest stars: Dan Benson as Zeke, James Urbaniak as Rob Robinson, McKaley Miller as Talia

99
20
"My Two Harpers"
Victor Gonzalez
Manny Basanese
September 30, 2011 (2011-09-30)
422
3.0[19]

Harper and Zeke spend so much time together that Alex decides to make a Harper-clone. Justin comes with lots of different ideas to save money in the sub-shop and Max starts a fast-food restaurant in the wizard world.
Guest star: Dan Benson as Zeke
Absent: Maria Canals Barrera as Theresa Russo

100
21
"Wizards of Apartment 13B"
Guy Distad
Justin Varava
October 7, 2011 (2011-10-07)
423
3.5[20]

Alex and Harper receive a flyer for a hotel. They meet the hotel's owner, Dexter, who sells them Apartment 13B, which belongs to a floor for non-humans. They rent it, but Harper is forced to use a training wand that can only open things. Later at their apartment, they realize Mason lives on the floor. Mason will stop at nothing to win Alex back; Alex tells him she does not want a boyfriend, but Mason is relentless. That night, Alex and Harper throw a party, where the whole floor comes, including Felix. Mason goes to the party and uses Harper's wand to open Alex's heart. However, she flirts with an ugly giant. Mason tries again, but makes Alex opens her heart to Felix. Meanwhile, Theresa and Jerry trick Justin into going to Alex's apartment to drive him out of the house. When Justin arrives, he fixes Mason's mistakes by resetting Harper's wand and it is revealed that despite his actions, he misses Alex. Alex, freed from Mason's spell, is angry at Mason, and Mason, deflated, leaves. Outside their door, Dexter turns into Gorog when no one is looking. He wants revenge. Max appears in the apartment, and when Harper and Alex kick him out, he encounters Gorog, who gives him a flyer for a free camp. Max accepts.
Special guest star: Gregg Sulkin as Mason
Guest stars: John Rubinstein as Gorog, Frank Pacheco as Felix, Fred Stoller as Dexter, Christopher Douglas Reed as Ogre
Note: This is part 1 of a 4-part arc and also the 100th episode.

101
22
"Ghost Roommate"
David DeLuise
Richard Goodman
October 14, 2011 (2011-10-14)
424
4.1[21]

Alex and Harper have trouble paying the apartment bills, so Dexter recommends getting a roommate. Alex and Harper find a wealthy ghost named Lucy, who they let move in. Meanwhile, Justin orders a robot to help Zeke at the sub station, as Justin is busy studying for the wizard competition. The robot is lost in transit, but Dexter (Gorog in disguise) makes an evil robot to spy on Justin to pass information to Gorog. While Zeke and the robot are working, the robot asks him about Justin and the wizard competition, which confuses Zeke because no one had talked about it in front of the robot. Later that night, Lucy starts crying and explains that her boyfriend Donny had disappeared sixty years prior in a plane accident. Alex tries to set Lucy up with Justin, but he makes matters worse. Later, Lucy meets Mason and they go out on a long date, which makes Alex jealous. Meanwhile, the robot again asks Zeke about the wizard world and Zeke realizes that the robot might have a secret agenda. He tells Justin, who simply does not believe him and is ignorant of the situation because of his intensive studying. Because of her jealousy, Alex helps Lucy locate Donny, who had been stranded on an island in the Bermuda Triangle. They soon reconnect, but not after Alex realizes that she cannot get back home, due to heavy magnetic currents interfering with her magic. Mason goes to save Alex after he finds out that she had left for the Bermuda Triangle. The robot attacks Justin and Zeke after they find him scanning the spell book. Mason and Alex manage to get off of the island using the Bermuda shorts given to them by Justin. The robot is shown giving Gorog the spell he needed that he got from the Russos.
Special guest star: Gregg Sulkin as Mason
Guest stars: Dan Benson as Zeke, Fred Stoller as Dexter, Josh Sussman as Hugh Normous, Linsey Godfrey as Lucy, Travis Caldwell as Donny, Michael Carbonaro as Robot
Note: This is part 2 of a 4-part arc.
Absent: Jake T. Austin as Max Russo, Maria Canals Barrera as Theresa Russo, David DeLuise as Jerry Russo

102
23
"Get Along, Little Zombie"
Victor Gonzalez
Peter Dirksen
October 21, 2011 (2011-10-21)
425
3.4[22]

Alex and Harper are going to their apartment when they run into Mr. Laritate, who also lives in the hotel. Felix tells Justin he broke his wand and Justin informs him that it's fake, because he saw batteries in it. He concludes that someone stole Felix's wand. Dexter is showing a zombie to the hall for magical creatures while he introduces them to Alex and Harper. Mason, who will stubbornly not stop asking Alex on a date, meets them in the elevator. When Alex ignores him, Mason messes with the buttons so he can spend more time with her and they land on the second floor. Justin tells Jerry that Felix lost his wand and Jerry tells them to use the abracadoobler wand app and Felix realizes that his wand is around the area. Meanwhile, because Mason messed with the buttons, all the humans have discovered the mysterious thirteenth floor. Alex lies and tells the humans that they accidentally got into a secret open house floor for the people in the hotel. Mr. Laritate, after all the other humans left, discovers the thirteenth floor too and sees Alex, Harper, and Mason. Mr. Laritate sees the zombie, Alex explains this is a haunted house, but Mr. Laritate does not believe them. The zombie bites Mr. Laritate and turns him into a zombie. They take him to their apartment while Alex looks for a spell to turn Mr. Laritate human again. Mr. Laritate runs away and Alex, Harper, and Mason suspect he went to the substation. Professor Crumbs questions Felix, who reveals the 13th floor to them, and Crumbs denies the existence of a "13th floor", so they go to investigate. At Waverly Place they're throwing a festival while Alex tells Jerry what happened. Alex and Mason, trying to sneak the zombie into the substation, are forced into dance. They then, after Harper causes a distraction, take Laritate to the substation and give him a medicine from the wizard world that turns Laritate human. He remembers nothing and goes outside to dance. Alex kisses him on the cheek, and Mason suggests they just be friends. Alex gets back together with Mason. Crumbs tells Felix the floor should not exist. Harper, Mason, and Alex return to the thirteenth floor. Justin tells them that the floor does not exist. Crumbs thinks that there is evil going on. Dexter then comes with dark angel wings and it is revealed he stole Felix's his wand. Dexter tricks Felix into turning to the dark side in return for the wand. Felix casts a spell that traps them all on the floor. Back at Waverly Place, Mr. Laritate is dancing while Jerry is selling chili, when Mr. Laritate gets one and gets water to get "the burn" out of his mouth.
Special guest star: Gregg Sulkin as Mason
Guest stars: Bill Chott as Mr. Laritate, Ian Abercrombie as Professor Crumbs, Frank Pacheco as Felix, Fred Stoller as Dexter, Regan Burns as Everett, Jane Carr as Martha St. Claire
Note: This is part 3 of a 4-part arc.
Absent: Jake T. Austin as Max Russo, Maria Canals Barrera as Theresa Russo

103
24
"Wizards vs. Everything"
Victor Gonzalez
Gigi McCreery & Perry Rein
October 28, 2011 (2011-10-28)
426
3.4[23]

The wizards of 13th floor come out and Alex explains Dexter's evil. Dexter reveals himself as Gorog, and that he is trying to rebuild his army of darkness. Felix uses a spell that makes all the wizards from the 13th floor go with them, so they can make them all evil, all except Alex, Justin, and Harper, who are left behind. A trashcan tells them to go through it, however Alex ends up in the room again. Justin realizes only mortals can go through it. Alex convinces Harper into going through it, Harper then arrives in the wizard lair. Gorog takes the kidnapped wizards to his evil lair, where he plans to make them evil. He tricks Hugh Normous into becoming one of the evil wizards in his army. Professor Crumbs fakes becoming evil when Gorog plans on making him evil. Harper contacts Max and tells him about Gorog. Max arrives and suggests they look for spells in the wizard books. Gorog makes the wizard army to dig a hole to the atmosphere to the wizard world, so they can take over it. Gorog also tries to trick Mason into being one of the members in his army, but Mason refuses. Gorog tricks him into joining, however. Gorog then makes Felix send a black whole to suck Alex and Justin in it. Gorog gives the kidnapped wizards their wands so they can take over the wizard world, but Crumbs refuses to let them. Felix then gets rid of Crumbs on Gorog's order. The black hole nearly sucks Alex and Justin when Crumbs arrives at the wizard lair. Max suggests they put a black hole in the wizard lair. Max goes in and rescues Alex and Justin. Crumbs tells them to use their magic to stop Gorog. They arrive at Gorog's lair and attempt to destroy him, but Mason tries to convince Alex to join them. Gorog also reveals Juliet (young again), Justin's ex-girlfriend, and she convinces Justin to join. Alex also surrenders, and Max is forced to as well, the three then use their combined magic to get rid of Gorog, and all the supernatural beings are freed from his influence. Juliet and Justin get back together. Alex tricks Harper into moving in the Russos' basement by making her think all the wizards and supernatural creatures, with no home, are going to stay.
Special guest stars: Gregg Sulkin as Mason, Bridgit Mendler as Juliet van Heusen
Guest stars: Ian Abercrombie as Professor Crumbs, John Rubinstein as Gorog, Frank Pacheco as Felix, Fred Stoller as Dexter, Josh Sussman as Hugh Normous, Christopher Douglas Reed as Ogre
Note: This is part 4 of a 4-part arc.
Absent: Maria Canals Barrera as Theresa Russo, David DeLuise as Jerry Russo

104
25
"Rock Around the Clock"
Guy Distad
Robert Boesel
November 4, 2011 (2011-11-04)
414
3.8[24]

The current landlord of the Russo's building decides to sell the sub shop, evicting the Russos of the shop, as well as their apartment and lair, which contains their portal. Without the portal, the Russos will lose all contact with the Wizard world. So, the entire family (along with Harper) travel back to 1957 to stop Jerry's father (the previous owner of the shop) from selling the shop to the landlord, so that they do not get evicted. Jerry's father agrees not to sell the shop, and the Russos return to present day. However, they accidentally leave Harper behind when Harper is distracted by a woman with a poodle, and Harper suggests that the woman should put a picture of a poodle on her skirt, creating a poodle skirt, which were popular in the 1950s.
Back in present day, the Russos (who have not yet realized Harper's absence) find the sub shop obsolete, boarded up, and empty, with the subway car and the lair missing, too. The Russos realized that they have messed with the fabric of time, and something they did while time-traveling in 1957 must have created a ripple effect, and affected present day.
While Alex suggests that they go back to 1957 to find out what they did wrong, Justin denies this, saying they should not solve the problem by doing exactly what caused the problem, however Theresa states that they will have to go back, when she realizes that they left Harper in 1957. The Russos return to 1957, where Jerry's father reveals that he did not sell the restaurant to the landlord, however the restaurant failed to make enough business, and that he has been forced to close it. Justin realizes that when Jerry's father lost the restaurant, he moved out of the building and since their family no longer lived in the building, the lair disappeared in present day. The Russos decide just to find Harper and go back to present day, and discover that Harper enrolled at Tribeca Prep as soon as they forgot her in 1957, as Harper did not want to ruin her perfect attendance record. Justin, Alex, and Max go to Tribeca Prep to retrieve Harper, while Jerry and Theresa wait at the sub shop, however Harper decides to stay in the past, as she finds new popularity in 1957 that she does not experience in present day. While at Tribeca, Max introduces the high-five to several students. Alex realizes that if they make the sub shop the 1957 high school hangout, the sub shop will get better business and will not have to close. However, no one has any fun at the sub shop that night as the jukebox is broken. Just as everyone is about to leave, Max plugs his MP3 player into the jukebox and Harper uses her popularity to get the students dancing and having fun at the shop, and the business at the sub shop peaks. The Russos return to the present day, where the lair and the sub shop are back, and Jerry owns the entire building, while the landlord is now the owner of a Janitor service, instead of the building, and the high-five is now called a "Max". Alex then remembers that they forgot Harper back in 1957 and they go back and get her. (the Russos accidentally end up in 1977 twice in the episode, thanks to Justin)
Guest stars: Brendan Bradley as Hank, Carlo Michael Mancini as Lenny Hune

105
26
"Harperella"
Victor Gonzalez
Richard Goodman & Justin Varava
November 18, 2011 (2011-11-18)
427
3.5[25]

The episode begins on Waverly Place where Harper is reading a storybook to a group of children when Alex pushes her away. Alex explains that it's a Wizard Storybook, a magical storybook that has the power of turning what the person reads real. Then Harper is teleported into the loft where Theresa, her evil (or "wicked" as she referred) stepmother calls her Harperella (a combination of Harper and Cinderella) and forces her to do the chores.
Then her evil stepbrothers, Justin and Max come down and give her laundry to her wash. Later Harper is washing the Waverly Substation when Alex appears, as she is Harper's fairy godmother. Alex explains to Harper that the fairy tale has to run as it's supposed to before things can go back to the way they were and then vanishes. Then Max comes in and says that the prince charming has decided to use the Substation to be the ballroom for the royal party. Harper says that she can go to the party but her stepfamily laughs at her. Back in the loft Harper summons Alex, she uses a spell to transform Harper's bookdress into a princess gown and glass bowls into glass slippers. They go down (through the door) into the street and Alex turns the hot dog stand into a carriage to take Harper to the party. There she dances with prince charming, Zeke. At the stroke of midnight she goes outside leaving her glass slipper behind.
Then, to both girls' shock, Justin, Max and Zeke (with pig noses) rush inside the substation being chased by the big, bad wolf, Mason. Alex realizes that some pages are missing and Cinderella and three little pigs stories were blended together. The pig-turned boys and Harper rush into the loft being chased by Mason. While Alex finds the pages Harper has to keep Mason from eating Zeke (who built the straw house), Alex eventually finds the book pages in a drawer along with other book pages. Alex tries a page from Max's favourite magic trick book then David Copperfield comes into the room and does some magic tricks which impresses Harper. But another page that Alex tried was from Justin's science book and a caveman appeared, but the caveman has a thing for Harper. So when Harper is impressed by the magic trick he is jealous and tries to attack David Copperfield. Alex finds the right pages and the story goes back to Cinderella. Zeke Charming comes in and Theresa tries to wear the slipper but fails. Then Harper tries it and fits. She and Zeke go back to the royal party where they dance and then the story ends and the world is returned to its normality. Last but not least, Harper was back in the real world and she lived happily ever after. Finally, Alex planned that Harper and Zeke dance because they were great when they danced in romance, so they practiced but they were really bad. The ball dance is turned into a clogging dance.
Special guest stars: David Copperfield as himself, Gregg Sulkin as Mason
Guest star: Dan Benson as Zeke
Absent: David DeLuise as Jerry Russo

106
27
"Who Will Be the Family Wizard"[26]
Victor Gonzalez
Vince Cheung & Ben Montanio (Part 1)
Todd J. Greenwald (Part 2)
January 6, 2012 (2012-01-06)
428–429
9.8[27]

During a dinner that Alex made for the family, Professor Crumbs visits to reveal that with this selfless act, the Russo children can finally have their family wizard competition. Round one of the competition is a trivia round, in which questions related to magic are asked. During this round, Harper and Zeke appear. Zeke has accidentally smelled a purple substance in the lair that caused him to turn purple. This causes a griffin to kidnap him and Harper. Alex, Justin and Max use their three time-outs to go and rescue their friends. They make it back, only to discover that they have been gone too long and have been disqualified from the competition. They all return home, where the lair disappears and they all lose their magic, thus becoming mortals. Justin and Max begin to hate Alex because of her insistence on saving Zeke and Harper resulting in them losing. Convinced that the loss of their powers has ruined the family, Jerry decides to sell the sub shop. The kids go for a day without magic, during which, slowly gaining back trust in each other as they reopen and run the shop. Suddenly, they are returned to the area of the Wizard Competition, where the host reveals that the griffin attack (which was actually meant for Professor Crumbs) and the weeks they went without magic were tests to test their family bond. They enter the final round of the competition, a massive labyrinth. The first out of the maze will win. Justin makes it out first and is declared the Family Wizard. However, he decides he cannot accept this because Alex was about to get out first: Justin had been trapped by magical vines and Alex, near the exit, came back to help. Alex is thus declared the true family wizard. Professor Crumbs, proud of Justin's integrity in telling the truth, declares that he is going to retire as Headmaster of Wiz-Tech and declares Justin the new headmaster, granting him full wizard powers. Considering Max is the only Russo child that does not get powers or becomes a full wizard, Jerry thus decides to one day pass down the sub shop to Max, which he happily accepts. It ends with the Russo family hugging and gathering together with Alex stating that they are all finally happy at the same time.
Special guest stars: Gregg Sulkin as Mason, Bridgit Mendler as Juliet van Heusen
Guest stars: Dan Benson as Zeke, Ian Abercrombie as Professor Crumbs, Andy Kindler as Chancellor Tootietootie
Note: This is an hour long special.