document_title: List of FIFA World Cup winners

question_text: which country has won the world cup two years in a row

text: List of FIFA World Cup winners

text: By team[edit]

text: The 21 World Cup tournaments have been won by eight different nations. Brazil has won the most titles, five. The current champion is France, who won the title in 2018.

text:
Nations that won the World Cup

Titles

Team

Year(s)

5

 Brazil

1958, 1962, 1970, 1994, 2002

4

 Italy

1934, 1938, 1982, 2006

4

 Germany[n 1]

1954, 1974, 1990, 2014

2

 Uruguay

1930, 1950

2

 Argentina

1978, 1986

2

 France

1998, 2018

1

 England

1966

1

 Spain

2010

text: By year[edit]

text: Participating teams have to register squads for the World Cup, which consisted of 22 players until 1998 and of 23 players from 2002 onwards.

text: Since 1978, winners' medals are given to all members of the winning squads. Prior to that, only players who were on the pitch during the final matches received medals. FIFA decided in 2007 to retroactively award winners' medals to all members of the winning squads between 1930 and 1974.[citation needed]

text:
Squads of teams that won the World Cup

Year

Team

Squad[n 2]

Coach

Ref

1930

 Uruguay  (detailed squad)

MF J. Andrade •  FW P. Anselmo •  GK E. Ballestrero •  FW J. Calvo •  GK M. Capuccini •  FW H. Castro •  FW P. Cea •  FW P. Dorado •  DF L. Fernández •  MF Á. Gestido •  FW S. Iriarte •  DF E. Mascheroni •  MF Á. Melogno •  DF J. Nasazzi •  FW P. Petrone •  MF C. Píriz •  DF E. Recoba •  MF C. Riolfo •  FW Z. Saldombide •  FW H. Scarone •  DF D. Tejera •  FW S. Urdinarán

A. Suppici

[fs 1]

1934

 Italy  (detailed squad)

DF L. Allemandi •  FW P. Arcari •  MF L. Bertolini •  FW F. Borel •  DF U. Caligaris •  MF A. Castellazzi •  GK G. Cavanna •  GK G. Combi •  FW A. Demaría •  FW G. Ferrari •  MF A. Ferraris •  FW E. Guaita •  FW A. Guarisi •  GK G. Masetti •  FW G. Meazza •  MF L. Monti •  DF E. Monzeglio •  FW R. Orsi •  MF M. Pizziolo •  DF V. Rosetta •  FW A. Schiavio •  MF M. Varglien

V. Pozzo

[fs 2]

1938

 Italy  (detailed squad)

MF M. Andreolo •  FW S. Bertoni •  FW A. Biavati •  GK C. Ceresoli •  MF B. Chizzo •  FW G. Colaussi •  MF A. Donati •  FW G. Ferrari •  FW P. Ferraris •  DF A. Foni •  MF M. Genta •  MF U. Locatelli •  GK G. Masetti •  FW G. Meazza •  DF E. Monzeglio •  GK A. Olivieri •  MF R. Olmi •  FW P. Pasinati •  MF M. Perazzolo •  FW S. Piola •  DF P. Rava •  MF P. Serantoni

V. Pozzo

[fs 3]

1950

 Uruguay  (detailed squad)

FW J. Britos •  FW J. Burgueño •  DF S. Gambetta •  FW A. Ghiggia •  DF J. González •  DF M. González •  DF W. Martínez •  GK R. Máspoli •  FW Ó. Míguez •  FW R. Morán •  MF W. Ortuño •  GK A. Paz •  FW J. Pérez •  MF R. Pini •  FW L. Rijo •  MF V. Rodríguez Andrade •  FW C. Romero •  FW J. Schiaffino •  DF E. Tejera •  MF O. Varela •  FW E. Vidal •  DF H. Vilches

J. López

[fs 4]

1954

 West Germany  (detailed squad)

1 T. Turek •  2 F. Laband •  3 W. Kohlmeyer •  4 H. Bauer •  5 H. Erhardt •  6 H. Eckel •  7 J. Posipal •  8 K. Mai •  9 P. Mebus •  10 W. Liebrich •  11 K.-H. Metzner •  12 H. Rahn •  13 M. Morlock •  14 B. Klodt •  15 O. Walter •  16 F. Walter •  17 R. Herrmann •  18 U. Biesinger •  19 A. Pfaff •  20 H. Schäfer •  21 H. Kubsch •  22 H. Kwiatkowski

S. Herberger

[fs 5]

1958

 Brazil  (detailed squad)

1 Castilho •  2 Bellini •  3 Gilmar •  4 Djalma Santos •  5 Dino Sani •  6 Didi •  7 M. Zagallo •  8 Oreco •  9 Zózimo •  10 Pelé •  11 Garrincha •  12 Nílton Santos  •  13 Moacir •  14 De Sordi •  15 Orlando •  16 Mauro •  17 Joel •  18 J. Altafini •  19 Zito •  20 Vavá •  21 Dida •  22 Pepe

V. Feola

[fs 6]

1962

 Brazil  (detailed squad)

1 Gilmar •  2 Djalma Santos •  3 Mauro •  4 Zito •  5 Zózimo •  6 Nílton Santos •  7 Garrincha •  8 Didi •  9 Coutinho •  10 Pelé •  11 Pepe •  12 Jair Marinho •  13 Bellini •  14 Jurandir •  15 Altair •  16 Zequinha •  17 Mengálvio •  18 Jair •  19 Vavá •  20 Amarildo •  21 M. Zagallo •  22 Castilho

A. Moreira

[fs 7]

1966

 England  (detailed squad)

1 G. Banks •  2 G. Cohen •  3 R. Wilson •  4 N. Stiles •  5 J. Charlton •  6 B. Moore •  7 A. Ball •  8 J. Greaves •  9 B. Charlton •  10 G. Hurst •  11 J. Connelly •  12 R. Springett •  13 P. Bonetti •  14 J. Armfield •  15 G. Byrne •  16 M. Peters •  17 R. Flowers •  18 N. Hunter •  19 T. Paine •  20 I. Callaghan •  21 R. Hunt •  22 G. Eastham

A. Ramsey

[fs 8]

1970

 Brazil  (detailed squad)

1 Félix •  2 Brito •  3 Piazza •  4 Carlos Alberto •  5 Clodoaldo •  6 Marco Antônio •  7 Jairzinho •  8 Gérson •  9 Tostão •  10 Pelé •  11 Rivellino •  12 Ado •  13 Roberto •  14 Baldocchi •  15 Fontana •  16 Everaldo •  17 Joel •  18 Paulo Cézar Caju •  19 Edu •  20 Dario •  21 Zé Maria •  22 Leão

M. Zagallo

[fs 9]

1974

 West Germany  (detailed squad)

1 S. Maier •  2 B. Vogts •  3 P. Breitner •  4 H.-G. Schwarzenbeck •  5 F. Beckenbauer •  6 H.-D. Höttges •  7 H. Wimmer •  8 B. Cullmann •  9 J. Grabowski •  10 G. Netzer •  11 J. Heynckes •  12 W. Overath •  13 G. Müller •  14 U. Hoeneß •  15 H. Flohe •  16 R. Bonhof •  17 B. Hölzenbein •  18 D. Herzog •  19 J. Kapellmann •  20 H. Kremers •  21 N. Nigbur •  22 W. Kleff

H. Schön

[fs 10]

1978

 Argentina  (detailed squad)

1 N. Alonso •  2 O. Ardiles •  3 H. Baley •  4 D. Bertoni •  5 U. Fillol •  6 A. Gallego •  7 L. Galván •  8 R. Galván •  9 R. Houseman •  10 M. Kempes •  11 D. Killer •  12 O. Larrosa •  13 R. La Volpe •  14 L. Luque •  15 J. Olguín •  16 O. Ortiz •  17 M. Oviedo •  18 R. Pagnanini •  19 D. Passarella •  20 A. Tarantini •  21 J. Valencia •  22 R. Villa

C. Menotti

[fs 11]

1982

 Italy  (detailed squad)

1 D. Zoff •  2 F. Baresi •  3 G. Bergomi •  4 A. Cabrini •  5 F. Collovati •  6 C. Gentile •  7 G. Scirea •  8 P. Vierchowod •  9 G. Antognoni •  10 G. Dossena •  11 G. Marini •  12 I. Bordon •  13 G. Oriali •  14 M. Tardelli •  15 F. Causio •  16 B. Conti •  17 D. Massaro •  18 A. Altobelli •  19 F. Graziani •  20 P. Rossi •  21 F. Selvaggi •  22 G. Galli

E. Bearzot

[fs 12]

1986

 Argentina  (detailed squad)

1 S. Almirón •  2 S. Batista •  3 R. Bochini •  4 C. Borghi •  5 J. Brown •  6 D. Passarella •  7 J. Burruchaga •  8 N. Clausen •  9 J. Cuciuffo •  10 D. Maradona •  11 J. Valdano •  12 H. Enrique •  13 O. Garré •  14 R. Giusti •  15 L. Islas •  16 J. Olarticoechea •  17 P. Pasculli •  18 N. Pumpido •  19 O. Ruggeri •  20 C. Tapia •  21 M. Trobbiani •  22 H. Zelada

C. Bilardo

[fs 13]

1990

 West Germany  (detailed squad)

1 B. Illgner •  2 S. Reuter •  3 A. Brehme •  4 J. Kohler •  5 K. Augenthaler •  6 G. Buchwald •  7 P. Littbarski •  8 T. Häßler •  9 R. Völler •  10 L. Matthäus •  11 F. Mill •  12 R. Aumann •  13 K.-H. Riedle •  14 T. Berthold •  15 U. Bein •  16 P. Steiner •  17 A. Möller •  18 J. Klinsmann •  19 H. Pflügler •  20 O. Thon •  21 G. Hermann •  22 A. Köpke

F. Beckenbauer

[fs 14]

1994

 Brazil  (detailed squad)

1 Taffarel •  2 Jorginho •  3 Ricardo Rocha •  4 Ronaldão •  5 Mauro Silva •  6 Branco •  7 Bebeto •  8 Dunga •  9 Zinho •  10 Raí •  11 Romário •  12 Zetti •  13 Aldair •  14 Cafu •  15 Márcio Santos •  16 Leonardo •  17 Mazinho •  18 Paulo Sérgio •  19 Müller •  20 Ronaldo •  21 Viola •  22 Gilmar

C. Parreira

[fs 15]

1998

 France  (detailed squad)

1 B. Lama •  2 V. Candela •  3 B. Lizarazu •  4 P. Vieira •  5 L. Blanc •  6 Y. Djorkaeff •  7 D. Deschamps •  8 M. Desailly •  9 S. Guivarc'h •  10 Z. Zidane •  11 R. Pirès •  12 T. Henry •  13 B. Diomède •  14 A. Boghossian •  15 L. Thuram •  16 F. Barthez •  17 E. Petit •  18 F. Leboeuf •  19 C. Karembeu •  20 D. Trezeguet •  21 C. Dugarry •  22 L. Charbonnier

A. Jacquet

[fs 16]

2002

 Brazil  (detailed squad)

1 Marcos •  2 Cafu •  3 Lúcio •  4 Roque Júnior •  5 Edmílson •  6 Roberto Carlos •  7 Ricardinho •  8 Gilberto Silva •  9 Ronaldo •  10 Rivaldo •  11 Ronaldinho •  12 Dida •  13 Belletti •  14 Ânderson Polga •  15 Kléberson •  16 Júnior •  17 Denílson •  18 Vampeta •  19 Juninho Paulista •  20 Edílson •  21 Luizão •  22 Rogério Ceni •  23 Kaká

L. Scolari

[fs 17]

2006

 Italy  (detailed squad)

1 G. Buffon •  2 C. Zaccardo •  3 F. Grosso •  4 D. De Rossi •  5 F. Cannavaro •  6 A. Barzagli •  7 A. Del Piero •  8 G. Gattuso •  9 L. Toni •  10 F. Totti •  11 A. Gilardino •  12 A. Peruzzi •  13 A. Nesta •  14 M. Amelia •  15 V. Iaquinta •  16 M. Camoranesi •  17 S. Barone •  18 F. Inzaghi •  19 G. Zambrotta •  20 S. Perrotta •  21 A. Pirlo •  22 M. Oddo •  23 M. Materazzi

M. Lippi

[fs 18]

2010

 Spain  (detailed squad)

1 I. Casillas •  2 R. Albiol •  3 G. Piqué •  4 C. Marchena •  5 C. Puyol •  6 A. Iniesta •  7 D. Villa •  8 Xavi •  9 F. Torres •  10 C. Fàbregas •  11 J. Capdevila •  12 V. Valdés •  13 J. Mata •  14 X. Alonso •  15 S. Ramos •  16 S. Busquets •  17 Á. Arbeloa •  18 Pedro •  19 F. Llorente •  20 J. Martínez •  21 D. Silva •  22 J. Navas •  23 P. Reina

V. del Bosque

[fs 19]

2014

 Germany  (detailed squad)

1 M. Neuer •  2 K. Großkreutz •  3 M. Ginter •  4 B. Höwedes •  5 M. Hummels •  6 S. Khedira •  7 B. Schweinsteiger •  8 M. Özil •  9 A. Schürrle •  10 L. Podolski •  11 M. Klose •  12 R.-R. Zieler •  13 T. Müller •  14 J. Draxler •  15 E. Durm •  16 P. Lahm •  17 P. Mertesacker •  18 T. Kroos •  19 M. Götze •  20 J. Boateng •  21 S. Mustafi •  22 R. Weidenfeller •  23 C. Kramer

J. Löw

[fs 20]

2018

 France  (detailed squad)

1 H. Lloris •  2 B. Pavard •  3 P. Kimpembe •  4 R. Varane •  5 S. Umtiti •  6 P. Pogba •  7 A. Griezmann •  8 T. Lemar •   9 O. Giroud •  10 K. Mbappé •  11 O. Dembélé •  12 C. Tolisso •  13 N. Kanté •  14 B. Matuidi •  15 S. Nzonzi •  16 S. Mandanda •  17 A. Rami •  18 N. Fekir •  19 D. Sidibé •  20 F. Thauvin •  21 L. Hernández •  22 B. Mendy •  23 A. Areola

D. Deschamps

[fs 21]

text: By player[edit]

text: A total of 445 players have been in the winning team in the World Cup. Brazil's Pelé is the only one to have won three times, while another 20 have won twice.

text:
No player has won two World Cups both as captain. Italy's Giuseppe Meazza (1938), Brazil's Hilderaldo Bellini (1958), Mauro (1962) and Cafu (2002), and Argentina's Daniel Passarella (1978) lifted the trophy once as captain, but were not captain for the other tournament they won. Argentina's Diego Maradona (1986, 1990) and Brazil's Dunga (1994, 1998) captained their sides in two final matches, but only won on their first occasions, while West Germany's Karl-Heinz Rummenigge (1982, 1986) lost both final matches as captain.
Brazil's Pelé and Vavá are the only two players to score in two final matches for winning teams. West Germany's Paul Breitner (1974, 1982) and France's Zinedine Zidane (1998, 2006) also scored in two final matches, but only won on their first occasions.
Cafu is the only player to play in three final matches, 1994 (as a substitute), 1998 and 2002.
Luis Monti is the only player to play in two final matches for different national teams. He appeared in the 1930 final for Argentina, who lost, and the 1934 final for Italy, who won. Attilio Demaría was also in Argentina's 1930 squad and Italy's 1934 squad, but appeared in neither final.
Brazil's Mário Zagallo, having won in 1958 and 1962 as player, went on to win in 1970 as the head coach, becoming the first to win both as player and coach. West Germany's Franz Beckenbauer is the second, winning as both captain (1974) and coach (1990). Didier Deschamps is the third. He led the France team to win in 1998 as captain, and in 2018 as coach.
Germany's Miroslav Klose is the only player to have won four World Cup medals: 2002 (silver), 2006, 2010 (both bronze) and 2014 (gold).

text:
Players who have won the World Cup

T

Player

Team

Year(s) won[n 3]

Other appearances

Profile

As player[n 4]

As coach[n 5]

3

Pelé

 Brazil

1958, 1962, 1970

1966

[fp 1]

2

Hilderaldo Bellini

 Brazil

1958, 1962

1966

[fp 2]

2

Cafu

 Brazil

1994, 2002

1998, 2006

[fp 3]

2

Castilho

 Brazil

1958, 1962

1950, 1954

[fp 4]

2

Didi

 Brazil

1958, 1962

1954

1970 PER

[fp 5]

2

Djalma Santos

 Brazil

1958, 1962

1954, 1966

[fp 6]

2

Giovanni Ferrari

 Italy

1934, 1938

1962 ITA

[fp 7]

2

Garrincha

 Brazil

1958, 1962

1966

[fp 8]

2

Gilmar

 Brazil

1958, 1962

1966

[fp 9]

2

Guido Masetti

 Italy

1934, 1938

[fp 10]

2

Mauro

 Brazil

1958, 1962

1954

[fp 11]

2

Giuseppe Meazza

 Italy

1934, 1938

[fp 12]

2

Eraldo Monzeglio

 Italy

1934, 1938

[fp 13]

2

Nílton Santos

 Brazil

1958, 1962

1950, 1954

[fp 14]

2

Daniel Passarella

 Argentina

1978, 1986

1982

1998 ARG

[fp 15]

2

Pepe

 Brazil

1958, 1962

[fp 16]

2

Ronaldo

 Brazil

1994, 2002

1998, 2006

[fp 17]

2

Vavá

 Brazil

1958, 1962

[fp 18]

2

Mário Zagallo

 Brazil

1958, 1962

1970 BRA, 1974 BRA, 1998 BRA

[fp 19]

2

Zito

 Brazil

1958, 1962

1966

[fp 20]

2

Zózimo

 Brazil

1958, 1962

[fp 21]

Ado

 Brazil

1970

[fp 22]

Raúl Albiol

 Spain

2010

2014

[fp 23]

Aldair

 Brazil

1994

1990, 1998

[fp 24]

Luigi Allemandi

 Italy

1934

[fp 25]

Sergio Almirón

 Argentina

1986

[fp 26]

Norberto Alonso

 Argentina

1978

[fp 27]

Xabi Alonso

 Spain

2010

2006, 2014

[fp 28]

José Altafini

 Brazil

1958

1962 ITA[n 6]

[fp 29]

Altair

 Brazil

1962

1966

[fp 30]

Alessandro Altobelli

 Italy

1982

1986

[fp 31]

Amarildo

 Brazil

1962

[fp 32]

Marco Amelia

 Italy

2006

[fp 33]

Ânderson Polga

 Brazil

2002

[fp 34]

José Andrade

 Uruguay

1930

[fp 35]

Michele Andreolo

 Italy

1938

[fp 36]

Peregrino Anselmo

 Uruguay

1930

[fp 37]

Giancarlo Antognoni

 Italy

1982

1978

[fp 38]

Álvaro Arbeloa

 Spain

2010

[fp 39]

Pietro Arcari

 Italy

1934

[fp 40]

Osvaldo Ardiles

 Argentina

1978

1982

[fp 41]

Alphonse Areola

 France

2018

[fp 42]

Jimmy Armfield

 England

1966

1962

[fp 43]

Klaus Augenthaler

 West Germany

1990

1986

[fp 44]

Raimond Aumann

 West Germany

1990

[fp 45]

Baldocchi

 Brazil

1970

[fp 46]

Héctor Baley

 Argentina

1978

1982

[fp 47]

Alan Ball

 England

1966

1970

[fp 48]

Enrique Ballestrero

 Uruguay

1930

[fp 49]

Gordon Banks

 England

1966

1970[n 7]

[fp 50]

Franco Baresi

 Italy

1982

1990, 1994

[fp 51]

Simone Barone

 Italy

2006

[fp 52]

Fabien Barthez

 France

1998

2002, 2006

[fp 53]

Andrea Barzagli

 Italy

2006

2014

[fp 54]

Sergio Batista

 Argentina

1986

1990

[fp 55]

Hans Bauer

 West Germany

1954

[fp 56]

Bebeto

 Brazil

1994

1990, 1998

[fp 57]

Franz Beckenbauer

 West Germany

1974

1966, 1970

1986 FRG, 1990 FRG

[fp 58]

Uwe Bein

 West Germany

1990

[fp 59]

Juliano Belletti

 Brazil

2002

[fp 60]

Giuseppe Bergomi

 Italy

1982

1986, 1990, 1998

[fp 61]

Thomas Berthold

 West Germany

1990

1986, 1994

[fp 62]

Luigi Bertolini

 Italy

1934

[fp 63]

Daniel Bertoni

 Argentina

1978

1982

[fp 64]

Sergio Bertoni

 Italy

1938

[fp 65]

Amedeo Biavati

 Italy

1938

[fp 66]

Ulrich Biesinger

 West Germany

1954

[fp 67]

Laurent Blanc

 France

1998

[fp 68]

Jérôme Boateng

 Germany

2014

2010, 2018

[fp 69]

Ricardo Bochini

 Argentina

1986

[fp 70]

Alain Boghossian

 France

1998

2002

[fp 71]

Peter Bonetti

 England

1966

1970

[fp 72]

Rainer Bonhof

 West Germany

1974

1978

[fp 73]

Ivano Bordon

 Italy

1982

1978

[fp 74]

Felice Borel

 Italy

1934

[fp 75]

Claudio Borghi

 Argentina

1986

[fp 76]

Branco

 Brazil

1994

1986, 1990

[fp 77]

Andreas Brehme

 West Germany

1990

1986, 1994

[fp 78]

Paul Breitner

 West Germany

1974

1982

[fp 79]

Brito

 Brazil

1970

1966

[fp 80]

Julio César Britos

 Uruguay

1950

[fp 81]

José Luis Brown

 Argentina

1986

[fp 82]

Guido Buchwald

 West Germany

1990

1994

[fp 83]

Gianluigi Buffon

 Italy

2006

1998, 2002, 2010, 2014

[fp 84]

Juan Burgueño

 Uruguay

1950

[fp 85]

Jorge Burruchaga

 Argentina

1986

1990

[fp 86]

Sergio Busquets

 Spain

2010

2014, 2018

[fp 87]

Gerry Byrne

 England

1966

[fp 88]

Antonio Cabrini

 Italy

1982

1978, 1986

[fp 89]

Umberto Caligaris

 Italy

1934

[fp 90]

Ian Callaghan

 England

1966

[fp 91]

Juan Carlos Calvo

 Uruguay

1930

[fp 92]

Mauro Camoranesi

 Italy

2006

2010

[fp 93]

Vincent Candela

 France

1998

2002

[fp 94]

Fabio Cannavaro

 Italy

2006

1998, 2002, 2010

[fp 95]

Joan Capdevila

 Spain

2010

[fp 96]

Miguel Capuccini

 Uruguay

1930

[fp 97]

Carlos Alberto

 Brazil

1970

[fp 98]

Iker Casillas

 Spain

2010

2002, 2006, 2014

[fp 99]

Armando Castellazzi

 Italy

1934

[fp 100]

Héctor Castro

 Uruguay

1930

[fp 101]

Franco Causio

 Italy

1982

1974, 1978

[fp 102]

Giuseppe Cavanna

 Italy

1934

[fp 103]

Pedro Cea

 Uruguay

1930

[fp 104]

Carlo Ceresoli

 Italy

1938

[fp 105]

Lionel Charbonnier

 France

1998

[fp 106]

Bobby Charlton

 England

1966

1958, 1962, 1970

[fp 107]

Jack Charlton

 England

1966

1970

1990 IRL, 1994 IRL

[fp 108]

Bruno Chizzo

 Italy

1938

[fp 109]

Néstor Clausen

 Argentina

1986

[fp 110]

Clodoaldo

 Brazil

1970

[fp 111]

George Cohen

 England

1966

[fp 112]

Gino Colaussi

 Italy

1938

[fp 113]

Fulvio Collovati

 Italy

1982

1986

[fp 114]

Gianpiero Combi

 Italy

1934

[fp 115]

John Connelly

 England

1966

1962

[fp 116]

Bruno Conti

 Italy

1982

1986

[fp 117]

Coutinho

 Brazil

1962

[fp 118]

José Luis Cuciuffo

 Argentina

1986

[fp 119]

Bernhard Cullmann

 West Germany

1974

1978

[fp 120]

Dario

 Brazil

1970

[fp 121]

Daniele De Rossi

 Italy

2006

2010, 2014

[fp 122]

De Sordi

 Brazil

1958

[fp 123]

Alessandro Del Piero

 Italy

2006

1998, 2002

[fp 124]

Attilio Demaría

 Italy

1934

1930 ARG[n 6]

[fp 125]

Ousmane Dembélé

 France

2018

[fp 126]

Denílson

 Brazil

2002

1998

[fp 127]

Marcel Desailly

 France

1998

2002

[fp 128]

Didier Deschamps

 France

1998

2014 FRA, 2018 FRA

[fp 129]

Dida

 Brazil

1958

[fp 130]

Dida

 Brazil

2002

1998, 2006

[fp 131]

Dino Sani

 Brazil

1958

[fp 132]

Bernard Diomède

 France

1998

[fp 133]

Youri Djorkaeff

 France

1998

2002

[fp 134]

Aldo Donati

 Italy

1938

[fp 135]

Pablo Dorado

 Uruguay

1930

[fp 136]

Giuseppe Dossena

 Italy

1982

[fp 137]

Julian Draxler

 Germany

2014

2018

[fp 138]

Christophe Dugarry

 France

1998

2002

[fp 139]

Dunga

 Brazil

1994

1990, 1998

2010 BRA

[fp 140]

Erik Durm

 Germany

2014

[fp 141]

George Eastham

 England

1966

1962

[fp 142]

Horst Eckel

 West Germany

1954

1958

[fp 143]

Edílson

 Brazil

2002

[fp 144]

Edmílson

 Brazil

2002

[fp 145]

Edu

 Brazil

1970

1966, 1974

[fp 146]

Héctor Enrique

 Argentina

1986

[fp 147]

Herbert Erhardt

 West Germany

1954

1958, 1962

[fp 148]

Everaldo

 Brazil

1970

[fp 149]

Cesc Fàbregas

 Spain

2010

2006, 2014

[fp 150]

Nabil Fekir

 France

2018

[fp 151]

Félix

 Brazil

1970

[fp 152]

Lorenzo Fernández

 Uruguay

1930

[fp 153]

Attilio Ferraris

 Italy

1934

[fp 154]

Pietro Ferraris

 Italy

1938

[fp 155]

Ubaldo Fillol

 Argentina

1978

1974, 1982

[fp 156]

Heinz Flohe

 West Germany

1974

1978

[fp 157]

Ron Flowers

 England

1966

1962

[fp 158]

Alfredo Foni

 Italy

1938

1966 SUI

[fp 159]

Fontana

 Brazil

1970

[fp 160]

Américo Gallego

 Argentina

1978

1982

[fp 161]

Giovanni Galli

 Italy

1982

1986

[fp 162]

Luis Galván

 Argentina

1978

1982

[fp 163]

Rubén Galván

 Argentina

1978

[fp 164]

Schubert Gambetta

 Uruguay

1950

[fp 165]

Oscar Garré

 Argentina

1986

[fp 166]

Gennaro Gattuso

 Italy

2006

2002, 2010

[fp 167]

Mario Genta

 Italy

1938

[fp 168]

Claudio Gentile

 Italy

1982

1978

[fp 169]

Gérson

 Brazil

1970

1966

[fp 170]

Álvaro Gestido

 Uruguay

1930

[fp 171]

Alcides Ghiggia

 Uruguay

1950

[fp 172]

Alberto Gilardino

 Italy

2006

2010

[fp 173]

Gilberto Silva

 Brazil

2002

2006, 2010

[fp 174]

Gilmar Rinaldi

 Brazil

1994

[fp 175]

Matthias Ginter

 Germany

2014

2018

[fp 176]

Olivier Giroud

 France

2018

2014

[fp 177]

Ricardo Giusti

 Argentina

1986

1990

[fp 178]

Juan Carlos González

 Uruguay

1950

[fp 179]

Matías González

 Uruguay

1950

[fp 180]

Mario Götze

 Germany

2014

[fp 181]

Jürgen Grabowski

 West Germany

1974

1966, 1970

[fp 182]

Francesco Graziani

 Italy

1982

1978

[fp 183]

Jimmy Greaves

 England

1966

1962

[fp 184]

Antoine Griezmann

 France

2018

2014

[fp 185]

Kevin Großkreutz

 Germany

2014

[fp 186]

Fabio Grosso

 Italy

2006

[fp 187]

Enrique Guaita

 Italy

1934

[fp 188]

Anfilogino Guarisi

 Italy

1934

[fp 189]

Stéphane Guivarc'h

 France

1998

[fp 190]

Thomas Häßler

 West Germany

1990

1994, 1998

[fp 191]

Thierry Henry

 France

1998

2002, 2006, 2010

[fp 192]

Günter Hermann

 West Germany

1990

[fp 193]

Lucas Hernández

 France

2018

[fp 194]

Richard Herrmann

 West Germany

1954

[fp 195]

Dieter Herzog

 West Germany

1974

[fp 196]

Jupp Heynckes

 West Germany

1974

[fp 197]

Uli Hoeneß

 West Germany

1974

[fp 198]

Bernd Hölzenbein

 West Germany

1974

1978

[fp 199]

Horst-Dieter Höttges

 West Germany

1974

1966, 1970

[fp 200]

René Houseman

 Argentina

1978

1974

[fp 201]

Benedikt Höwedes

 Germany

2014

[fp 202]

Mats Hummels

 Germany

2014

2018

[fp 203]

Roger Hunt

 England

1966

1962

[fp 204]

Norman Hunter

 England

1966

1970

[fp 205]

Geoff Hurst

 England

1966

1970

[fp 206]

Vincenzo Iaquinta

 Italy

2006

2010

[fp 207]

Bodo Illgner

 West Germany

1990

1994

[fp 208]

Andrés Iniesta

 Spain

2010

2006, 2014, 2018

[fp 209]

Filippo Inzaghi

 Italy

2006

1998, 2002

[fp 210]

Santos Iriarte

 Uruguay

1930

[fp 211]

Luis Islas

 Argentina

1986

1994

[fp 212]

Jair

 Brazil

1962

[fp 213]

Jair Marinho

 Brazil

1962

[fp 214]

Jairzinho

 Brazil

1970

1966, 1974

[fp 215]

Joel

 Brazil

1958

[fp 216]

Joel Camargo

 Brazil

1970

[fp 217]

Jorginho

 Brazil

1994

1990

[fp 218]

Juninho Paulista

 Brazil

2002

[fp 219]

Júnior

 Brazil

2002

[fp 220]

Jurandir

 Brazil

1962

[fp 221]

Kaká

 Brazil

2002

2006, 2010

[fp 222]

N'Golo Kanté

 France

2018

[fp 223]

Jupp Kapellmann

 West Germany

1974

[fp 224]

Christian Karembeu

 France

1998

[fp 225]

Mario Kempes

 Argentina

1978

1974, 1982

[fp 226]

Sami Khedira

 Germany

2014

2010, 2018

[fp 227]

Daniel Killer

 Argentina

1978

[fp 228]

Presnel Kimpembe

 France

2018

[fp 229]

Kléberson

 Brazil

2002

2010

[fp 230]

Wolfgang Kleff

 West Germany

1974

[fp 231]

Jürgen Klinsmann

 West Germany

1990

1994, 1998

2006 GER, 2014 USA

[fp 232]

Bernhard Klodt

 West Germany

1954

1958

[fp 233]

Miroslav Klose

 Germany

2014

2002, 2006, 2010

[fp 234]

Jürgen Kohler

 West Germany

1990

1994, 1998

[fp 235]

Werner Kohlmeyer

 West Germany

1954

[fp 236]

Andreas Köpke

 West Germany

1990

1994, 1998

[fp 237]

Christoph Kramer

 Germany

2014

[fp 238]

Helmut Kremers

 West Germany

1974

[fp 239]

Toni Kroos

 Germany

2014

2010, 2018

[fp 240]

Heinz Kubsch

 West Germany

1954

[fp 241]

Heinz Kwiatkowski

 West Germany

1954

1958

[fp 242]

Ricardo La Volpe

 Argentina

1978

2006 MEX

[fp 243]

Fritz Laband

 West Germany

1954

[fp 244]

Philipp Lahm

 Germany

2014

2006, 2010

[fp 245]

Bernard Lama

 France

1998

[fp 246]

Omar Larrosa

 Argentina

1978

[fp 247]

Leão

 Brazil

1970

1974, 1978, 1986

[fp 248]

Frank Leboeuf

 France

1998

2002

[fp 249]

Thomas Lemar

 France

2018

[fp 250]

Leonardo

 Brazil

1994

1998

[fp 251]

Werner Liebrich

 West Germany

1954

[fp 252]

Pierre Littbarski

 West Germany

1990

1982, 1986

[fp 253]

Bixente Lizarazu

 France

1998

2002

[fp 254]

Fernando Llorente

 Spain

2010

[fp 255]

Hugo Lloris

 France

2018

2010, 2014

[fp 256]

Ugo Locatelli

 Italy

1938

[fp 257]

Lúcio

 Brazil

2002

2006, 2010

[fp 258]

Luizão

 Brazil

2002

[fp 259]

Leopoldo Luque

 Argentina

1978

[fp 260]

Karl Mai

 West Germany

1954

[fp 261]

Sepp Maier

 West Germany

1974

1966, 1970, 1978

[fp 262]

Steve Mandanda

 France

2018

2010

[fp 263]

Diego Maradona

 Argentina

1986

1982, 1990, 1994

2010 ARG

[fp 264]

Carlos Marchena

 Spain

2010

2006

[fp 265]

Márcio Santos

 Brazil

1994

[fp 266]

Marco Antônio

 Brazil

1970

1974

[fp 267]

Marcos

 Brazil

2002

[fp 268]

Gianpiero Marini

 Italy

1982

[fp 269]

Javi Martínez

 Spain

2010

2014

[fp 270]

William Martínez

 Uruguay

1950

1954, 1962

[fp 271]

Ernesto Mascheroni

 Uruguay

1930

[fp 272]

Roque Máspoli

 Uruguay

1950

1954

[fp 273]

Daniele Massaro

 Italy

1982

1994

[fp 274]

Juan Mata

 Spain

2010

2014

[fp 275]

Marco Materazzi

 Italy

2006

2002

[fp 276]

Lothar Matthäus

 West Germany

1990

1982, 1986, 1994, 1998

[fp 277]

Blaise Matuidi

 France

2018

2014

[fp 278]

Mauro Silva

 Brazil

1994

[fp 279]

Mazinho

 Brazil

1994

1990

[fp 280]

Kylian Mbappé

 France

2018

[fp 281]

Paul Mebus

 West Germany

1954

[fp 282]

Ángel Melogno

 Uruguay

1930

[fp 283]

Benjamin Mendy

 France

2018

[fp 284]

Mengálvio

 Brazil

1962

[fp 285]

Per Mertesacker

 Germany

2014

2006, 2010

[fp 286]

Karl-Heinz Metzner

 West Germany

1954

[fp 287]

Óscar Míguez

 Uruguay

1950

1954

[fp 288]

Frank Mill

 West Germany

1990

[fp 289]

Moacir

 Brazil

1958

[fp 290]

Andreas Möller

 West Germany

1990

1994, 1998

[fp 291]

Luis Monti

 Italy

1934

1930 ARG[n 6]

[fp 292]

Bobby Moore

 England

1966

1962, 1970

[fp 293]

Rubén Morán

 Uruguay

1950

[fp 294]

Max Morlock

 West Germany

1954

[fp 295]

Müller

 Brazil

1994

1986, 1990

[fp 296]

Gerd Müller

 West Germany

1974

1970

[fp 297]

Thomas Müller

 Germany

2014

2010, 2018

[fp 298]

Shkodran Mustafi

 Germany

2014

[fp 299]

José Nasazzi

 Uruguay

1930

[fp 300]

Jesús Navas

 Spain

2010

[fp 301]

Alessandro Nesta

 Italy

2006

1998, 2002

[fp 302]

Günter Netzer

 West Germany

1974

[fp 303]

Manuel Neuer

 Germany

2014

2010, 2018

[fp 304]

Norbert Nigbur

 West Germany

1974

[fp 305]

Steven Nzonzi

 France

2018

[fp 306]

Massimo Oddo

 Italy

2006

[fp 307]

Julio Olarticoechea

 Argentina

1986

1982, 1990

[fp 308]

Jorge Olguín

 Argentina

1978

1982

[fp 309]

Aldo Olivieri

 Italy

1938

[fp 310]

Renato Olmi

 Italy

1938

[fp 311]

Oreco

 Brazil

1958

[fp 312]

Gabriele Oriali

 Italy

1982

[fp 313]

Orlando

 Brazil

1958

1966

[fp 314]

Raimundo Orsi

 Italy

1934

[fp 315]

Oscar Ortiz

 Argentina

1978

[fp 316]

Washington Ortuño

 Uruguay

1950

[fp 317]

Wolfgang Overath

 West Germany

1974

1966, 1970

[fp 318]

Miguel Oviedo

 Argentina

1978

[fp 319]

Mesut Özil

 Germany

2014

2010, 2018

[fp 320]

Rubén Pagnanini

 Argentina

1978

[fp 321]

Terry Paine

 England

1966

[fp 322]

Pedro Pasculli

 Argentina

1986

[fp 323]

Pietro Pasinati

 Italy

1938

[fp 324]

Paulo Cézar Caju

 Brazil

1970

1974

[fp 325]

Paulo Sérgio

 Brazil

1994

[fp 326]

Benjamin Pavard

 France

2018

[fp 327]

Aníbal Paz

 Uruguay

1950

[fp 328]

Pedro

 Spain

2010

2014

[fp 329]

Mario Perazzolo

 Italy

1938

[fp 330]

Julio Pérez

 Uruguay

1950

1954

[fp 331]

Simone Perrotta

 Italy

2006

[fp 332]

Angelo Peruzzi

 Italy

2006

[fp 333]

Martin Peters

 England

1966

1970

[fp 334]

Emmanuel Petit

 France

1998

2002

[fp 335]

Pedro Petrone

 Uruguay

1930

[fp 336]

Alfred Pfaff

 West Germany

1954

[fp 337]

Hans Pflügler

 West Germany

1990

[fp 338]

Rodolfo Pini

 Uruguay

1950

[fp 339]

Silvio Piola

 Italy

1938

[fp 340]

Gerard Piqué

 Spain

2010

2014, 2018

[fp 341]

Robert Pirès

 France

1998

[fp 342]

Conduelo Píriz

 Uruguay

1930

[fp 343]

Andrea Pirlo

 Italy

2006

2010, 2014

[fp 344]

Mario Pizziolo

 Italy

1934

[fp 345]

Lukas Podolski

 Germany

2014

2006, 2010

[fp 346]

Paul Pogba

 France

2018

2014

[fp 347]

Josef Posipal

 West Germany

1954

[fp 348]

Nery Pumpido

 Argentina

1986

1982, 1990

[fp 349]

Carles Puyol

 Spain

2010

2002, 2006

[fp 350]

Helmut Rahn

 West Germany

1954

1958

[fp 351]

Raí

 Brazil

1994

[fp 352]

Adil Rami

 France

2018

[fp 353]

Sergio Ramos

 Spain

2010

2006, 2014, 2018

[fp 354]

Pietro Rava

 Italy

1938

[fp 355]

Emilio Recoba

 Uruguay

1930

[fp 356]

Pepe Reina

 Spain

2010

2006, 2014, 2018

[fp 357]

Stefan Reuter

 West Germany

1990

1998

[fp 358]

Ricardinho

 Brazil

2002

2006

[fp 359]

Ricardo Rocha

 Brazil

1994

1990

[fp 360]

Karl-Heinz Riedle

 West Germany

1990

1994

[fp 361]

Luis Rijo

 Uruguay

1950

[fp 362]

Carlos Riolfo

 Uruguay

1930

[fp 363]

Rivaldo

 Brazil

2002

1998

[fp 364]

Rivellino

 Brazil

1970

1974, 1978

[fp 365]

Roberto

 Brazil

1970

[fp 366]

Roberto Carlos

 Brazil

2002

1998, 2006

[fp 367]

Víctor Rodríguez Andrade

 Uruguay

1950

1954

[fp 368]

Rogério Ceni

 Brazil

2002

2006

[fp 369]

Romário

 Brazil

1994

1990

[fp 370]

Carlos Romero

 Uruguay

1950

[fp 371]

Ronaldão

 Brazil

1994

[fp 372]

Ronaldinho

 Brazil

2002

2006

[fp 373]

Roque Júnior

 Brazil

2002

[fp 374]

Virginio Rosetta

 Italy

1934

[fp 375]

Paolo Rossi

 Italy

1982

1978, 1986

[fp 376]

Oscar Ruggeri

 Argentina

1986

1990, 1994

[fp 377]

Zoilo Saldombide

 Uruguay

1930

[fp 378]

Héctor Scarone

 Uruguay

1930

[fp 379]

Hans Schäfer

 West Germany

1954

1958, 1962

[fp 380]

Juan Alberto Schiaffino

 Uruguay

1950

1954

[fp 381]

Angelo Schiavio

 Italy

1934

[fp 382]

André Schürrle

 Germany

2014

[fp 383]

Hans-Georg Schwarzenbeck

 West Germany

1974

1978

[fp 384]

Bastian Schweinsteiger

 Germany

2014

2006, 2010

[fp 385]

Gaetano Scirea

 Italy

1982

1978, 1986

[fp 386]

Franco Selvaggi

 Italy

1982

[fp 387]

Pietro Serantoni

 Italy

1938

[fp 388]

Djibril Sidibé

 France

2018

[fp 389]

David Silva

 Spain

2010

2014, 2018

[fp 390]

Ron Springett

 England

1966

1962

[fp 391]

Paul Steiner

 West Germany

1990

[fp 392]

Nobby Stiles

 England

1966

1970

[fp 393]

Cláudio Taffarel

 Brazil

1994

1990, 1998

[fp 394]

Carlos Tapia

 Argentina

1986

[fp 395]

Alberto Tarantini

 Argentina

1978

1982

[fp 396]

Marco Tardelli

 Italy

1982

1978, 1986

[fp 397]

Domingo Tejera

 Uruguay

1930

[fp 398]

Eusebio Tejera

 Uruguay

1950

1954

[fp 399]

Florian Thauvin

 France

2018

[fp 400]

Olaf Thon

 West Germany

1990

1986, 1998

[fp 401]

Lilian Thuram

 France

1998

2002, 2006

[fp 402]

Corentin Tolisso

 France

2018

[fp 403]

Luca Toni

 Italy

2006

[fp 404]

Fernando Torres

 Spain

2010

2006, 2014

[fp 405]

Tostão

 Brazil

1970

1966

[fp 406]

Francesco Totti

 Italy

2006

2002

[fp 407]

David Trezeguet

 France

1998

2002, 2006

[fp 408]

Marcelo Trobbiani

 Argentina

1986

[fp 409]

Toni Turek

 West Germany

1954

[fp 410]

Samuel Umtiti

 France

2018

[fp 411]

Santos Urdinarán

 Uruguay

1930

[fp 412]

Jorge Valdano

 Argentina

1986

1982

[fp 413]

Víctor Valdés

 Spain

2010

[fp 414]

José Daniel Valencia

 Argentina

1978

1982

[fp 415]

Vampeta

 Brazil

2002

[fp 416]

Raphaël Varane

 France

2018

2014

[fp 417]

Obdulio Varela

 Uruguay

1950

1954

[fp 418]

Mario Varglien

 Italy

1934

[fp 419]

Ernesto Vidal

 Uruguay

1950

[fp 420]

Patrick Vieira

 France

1998

2002, 2006

[fp 421]

Pietro Vierchowod

 Italy

1982

1986, 1990

[fp 422]

Héctor Vilches

 Uruguay

1950

[fp 423]

David Villa

 Spain

2010

2006, 2014

[fp 424]

Ricardo Villa

 Argentina

1978

[fp 425]

Viola

 Brazil

1994

[fp 426]

Berti Vogts

 West Germany

1974

1970, 1978

1994 GER, 1998 GER

[fp 427]

Rudi Völler

 West Germany

1990

1986, 1994

2002 GER

[fp 428]

Fritz Walter

 West Germany

1954

1958

[fp 429]

Ottmar Walter

 West Germany

1954

[fp 430]

Roman Weidenfeller

 Germany

2014

[fp 431]

Wilson Piazza

 Brazil

1970

1974

[fp 432]

Ray Wilson

 England

1966

1962

[fp 433]

Herbert Wimmer

 West Germany

1974

[fp 434]

Xavi

 Spain

2010

2002, 2006, 2014

[fp 435]

Cristian Zaccardo

 Italy

2006

[fp 436]

Gianluca Zambrotta

 Italy

2006

2002, 2010

[fp 437]

Zé Maria

 Brazil

1970

1974

[fp 438]

Héctor Zelada

 Argentina

1986

[fp 439]

Zequinha

 Brazil

1962

[fp 440]

Zetti

 Brazil

1994

[fp 441]

Zinedine Zidane

 France

1998

2002, 2006

[fp 442]

Ron-Robert Zieler

 Germany

2014

[fp 443]

Zinho

 Brazil

1994

[fp 444]

Dino Zoff

 Italy

1982

1970, 1974, 1978

[fp 445]

text: By coach[edit]

text: 20 different coaches have won the World Cup, Italy's Vittorio Pozzo being the only one to win twice.

text: Four other coaches finished as winners once and runners-up once: West Germany's Helmut Schön (winner in 1974, runner-up in 1966) and Franz Beckenbauer (winner in 1990, runner-up in 1986), Argentina's Carlos Bilardo (winner in 1986, runner-up in 1990), and Brazil's Mário Zagallo (winner in 1970, runner-up in 1998).

text: Zagallo (twice), Beckenbauer and France's Didier Deschamps also won the title as players.

text: Every edition of the tournament has been won by a coach leading the team of his own country.

text:
Coaches who have won the World Cup

T

Coach

Country

Year(s) won

Other appearances

As coach

As player[n 5]

2

Vittorio Pozzo

 Italy

1934 ITA, 1938 ITA

Enzo Bearzot

 Italy

1982 ITA

1978 ITA, 1986 ITA

Franz Beckenbauer

 West Germany

1990 FRG

1986 FRG

1966, 1970, 1974

Carlos Bilardo

 Argentina

1986 ARG

1990 ARG

Vicente del Bosque

 Spain

2010 ESP

2014 ESP

Didier Deschamps

 France

2018 FRA

2014 FRA

1998

Vicente Feola

 Brazil

1958 BRA

1966 BRA

Sepp Herberger

 West Germany

1954 FRG

1938 GER, 1958 FRG, 1962 FRG

Aimé Jacquet

 France

1998 FRA

Marcello Lippi

 Italy

2006 ITA

2010 ITA

Juan López

 Uruguay

1950 URU

1954 URU

Joachim Löw

 Germany

2014 GER

2010 GER, 2018 GER

César Luis Menotti

 Argentina

1978 ARG

1982 ARG

Aymoré Moreira

 Brazil

1962 BRA

Carlos Alberto Parreira

 Brazil

1994 BRA

1982 KUW, 1990 UAE, 1998 KSA, 2006 BRA, 2010 RSA

Alf Ramsey

 England

1966 ENG

1970 ENG

1950

Helmut Schön

 West Germany

1974 FRG

1966 FRG, 1970 FRG, 1978 FRG

Luiz Felipe Scolari

 Brazil

2002 BRA

2006 POR, 2014 BRA

Alberto Suppici

 Uruguay

1930 URU

Mário Zagallo

 Brazil

1970 BRA

1974 BRA, 1998 BRA

1958, 1962

text: Notes[edit]

text:
Jump up ^ Germany is considered the inheritor of the records of the former  West Germany team, which won the 1954, 1974 and 1990 titles.

Jump up ^ Players in bold appeared in the tournament's final match (or, in the case of 1950, in the decisive match of the final stage), while players in italics did not play in the tournament.

Jump up ^ Years in bold indicate that the player appeared in the final match, while years in italics indicate that the player did not play in the tournament.

Jump up ^ Years in italics indicate that the player did not play in the tournament.

^ Jump up to: a b A golden background indicates that the player won the tournament.

^ Jump up to: a b c Attilio Demaría and Luis Monti were in the title-winning Italian squad in 1934 and also in the Argentinian one in 1930, while José Altafini was in the title-winning Brazilian squad in 1958 and also in the Italian one in 1962. They are among the few players to have represented different nations in the World Cup.

Jump up ^ FIFA's website indicates that Banks also was part of the 1962 English squad, while another source states that he was not part of the squad, having been omitted from it after initially being meant to be a stay-at-home reserve.[1]

tag: ol


document_title: Mark Sloan (Grey's Anatomy)

question_text: when does mark come in grey's anatomy

question_tokens: when does mark come in grey 's anatomy

root

text: Mark Sloan (Grey's Anatomy)

text: Storylines[edit]

text: Mark first appears in season two, introduced as a highly respected otolaryngologist sub-specialized in plastic surgery and the childhood best friend of neurosurgeon Derek Shepherd (Patrick Dempsey). In his first appearance, he flirts with Meredith Grey, and Derek punches him in the face. Derek explains that Mark had an affair with his wife, Addison (Kate Walsh) while they were living in New York. Mark travels to Seattle, intent on convincing Addison to return with him, but his offer is rejected and Derek declines to renew their friendship. Mark returns during season three at Addison's drunken behest, but she again rejects him once sober. Undeterred, Mark sells his successful private practice (which he previously shared with Derek) and takes over the plastics program at Seattle Grace Hospital. During Meredith's morphine rampage, Mark finds out about his nickname McSteamy which was given to him by her during his first trip to Seattle back when he attempted to get Addison back and earn Derek's friendship back. It is later revealed that Mark has at some point slept with all of Derek's sisters. Mark has a brief fling with Addison's friend, orthopedic surgeon Callie Torres (Sara Ramirez), and develops a friendship with Derek's girlfriend, intern Meredith Grey (Ellen Pompeo). It is revealed that after Derek left New York, Mark and Addison continued their relationship for two months, during which she conceived and aborted his child. Just weeks after moving to Seattle he quickly observes that Derek's true love was Meredith and tries to convince Addison that her marriage with Derek was over. Mark enters into a sixty-day abstinence pact with Addison, agreeing that if they can remain celibate for that time, Addison will give their relationship another chance. Addison ultimately breaks the pact by having sex with intern Alex Karev (Justin Chambers), and soon thereafter departs from Seattle to work in Los Angeles.

tag: p

text: Mark supports Derek when Meredith comes close to dying after drowning, and the two are able to rekindle their friendship. It is eventually revealed that he and Derek grew up together and that he, having lost his mother as a child and emotionally neglected by his father, considered Derek's mother as his maternal figure. As he was an only child and Derek was the only son, they became close friends and he was Derek's best man at the latter's wedding to Addison. He also forms a friendship with Callie, and develops an attraction to cardiothoracic surgeon Erica Hahn (Brooke Smith). Erica does not reciprocate his feelings, and he is supportive of Callie when she and Erica have a brief relationship. When Addison shows up at Seattle Grace for a case, Mark attempts to sleep with Addison again but she refuses. The nurses later start a club against him called Nurses United Against Mark Sloan. After a string of unresolved sexual tension on his part, Mark then finds himself seduced by Lexie Grey (Chyler Leigh), despite Derek's request that he keep their relationship platonic even before their relationship had begun. They begin a sexual relationship, which Lexie halts until he is willing to publicly admit to being her partner. Mark eventually agrees and tells Derek, who attacks him. Animosity exists between them for several episodes, before they once more repair their friendship. Mark and Lexie's relationship becomes increasingly serious. He meets her father, Thatcher (Jeff Perry); and at the end of season five, asks her to move in with him. Though Lexie initially declines, he remains committed to their relationship, and she agrees early in season six.

text: Mark discovers that he has an 18-year-old daughter, Sloan Riley (Leven Rambin), who arrives seeking his support after becoming pregnant and being evicted by her mother. Mark permits her to move in with him, which angers Lexie. When Lexie makes it clear that she knew that Mark would choose his own daughter over her, she puts an end to their relationship. Sloan experiences difficulties in her pregnancy, so Mark takes her to LA to be treated. He and Addison once again sleep together, but when he comes back he tells Lexie because he doesn't want to lie to her and wants them to get back together, but when she tells him she slept with Alex it puts an end to their relationship. When Sloan decides to give her baby up for adoption, Mark and Callie offer to raise it together. Sloan declines his offer and leaves Seattle, leaving Mark distraught. He enters into a relationship with cardiothoracic surgeon Teddy Altman (Kim Raver), despite the fact she is in love with their trauma colleague, Owen Hunt (Kevin McKidd). Sloan returns unexpectedly and gives birth to a son. She reconsiders having the baby adopted, but when Mark reassures her that he will support her no matter what, gives the baby to an adoptive couple from Washington.

text: In the sixth-season finale, a gunman commits mass murder at the hospital. Mark helps Lexie save Alex, her new boyfriend. In the aftermath of the shooting, Lexie has a nervous breakdown and Mark has her committed to the psychiatric unit. Their friendship is strained, however Lexie softens towards him when she learns that he is still in love with her. As Lexie goes to talk to Mark about him still being in love with her, she sees Mark entering his apartment with Derek's sister Amelia kissing her and ultimately having sex with her. When Callie's girlfriend, pediatric surgeon Arizona Robbins (Jessica Capshaw), breaks up with her, she and Mark have a drunken one-night stand. Shortly thereafter, he reconciles with Lexie, but is delighted when Callie discovers she is pregnant with his child. Lexie, however, is dismayed by the news and leaves Mark.

text: Mark asks Dr. Jackson Avery to find out how Lexie's doing, but Jackson lies to Mark that he wasn't able to find it out, and he (Jackson) starts dating Lexie shortly after that. In the meanwhile, Callie and Mark's daughter is born. Mark later gives Jackson and Lexie his blessing, and tells Lexie he will let her go; Lexie replies that she is still in love with him, but right now she needs Jackson to be happy. After giving Jackson a hard time, Mark finally acknowledges his surgery skills and decides to teach him, although he still evidences feelings towards Lexie, while he shows his own parenting skills with Sofia. He also starts getting along better with Arizona. After a long time without dating, Mark finally embarks on a relationship with Julia. This makes Lexie jealous, which leads to her and Jackson breaking up. Lexie struggles to tell Mark how she feels but finally admits it leaving him torn between her and Julia. In the season 8 finale, Mark, Lexie, Derek, Meredith, Cristina, and Arizona are involved in an aviation accident while on the way to Boise, Idaho to perform surgery on conjoined twins, crushing Lexie under debris. After trying and failing to save her, Mark holds a dying Lexie by the hand, telling her that he has and will always love her. He and the remaining surviving crash victims are left stranded in the woods, mourning Lexie and fighting to stay alive.

text: In the ninth-season premiere, it is discovered that Mark is on life support due to the extensive injuries he sustained in the plane crash and, as determined by his will, the machines would be turned off if he showed no signs of waking within 30 days. Flashbacks of some moments in Mark's life showcased him being videotaped as he was extending his congratulations to newlyweds Callie and Arizona. At the end of the speech, he declares that Lexie was the one he wanted to grow old and dance with in their granddaughter's wedding. At 5:00 that day, with Derek and Callie keeping vigil at his bedside, the machines were turned off, and Mark Sloan died shortly thereafter. The following episode reveals that he had a surge of good health upon his return to Seattle Grace before ultimately succumbing to his injuries. His 'surge' allowed him enough energy to advise his protégé Jackson, 'when you love someone, tell them', which is believed to be a reflection on the major obstacle of his failed relationship with Lexie. During this momentary energy, Mark also took the opportunity to make a clean break with his girlfriend, Julia, stating that the situation was not fair to her as he had always loved only Lexie. Following his death, Shonda Rhimes muses regarding Mark and Lexie's relationship: '...he and Lexie get to be together in a way. Their love remains true.”[1] Seattle Grace Mercy West Hospital is later renamed Grey Sloan Memorial Hospital in tribute to Lexie and Mark.

text: Development[edit]

text: Casting and creation[edit]

text: This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (July 2011)

tag: table

text: Dane auditioned for the role during the casting of the pilot and ultimately received the role, which was only later introduced in the show.[3] He initially appeared as a guest-star in the episode "Yesterday" of the second season, becoming a series regular from the third season episode "Sometimes a Fantasy", first broadcast in October 2006.[4] Casting director Linda Lowy gave the insight: "You can't forget about McSteamy. We cast (Dane) for one episode, and I think the women across the nation went kind of crazy. Everyone was talking about him, so we decided to make him a regular."[5] In July 2012, TVLine announced Dane would leave the show after the first two episodes of the ninth season. Rhimes said she and Dane decided to end Mark's storyline after much discussion. She added: "It was a thing that Eric had been thinking about for a while, but it felt like the right time to him."[6][7] However, E! Online reported that Rhimes had been forced by the network to reduce the cast for budget reasons and that Dane had not asked to leave the series.[8]

text: Characterization[edit]

text: This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (June 2013)

text: The American Broadcasting Company (ABC) characterized Sloan as "charming", "confident", "smug", "smarmy", and "great with his hands".[9] Shonda Rhimes said of the character: "Mark, the original bad boy, is struggling with his own demons. He brings a healthy serving of mystery and potential conflict to Seattle Grace."[10] Actress Kate Walsh said: "He's the guy you shouldn't go out with but you can't help yourself."[10] Carolina Paiz, one of the writers of the series, wrote: "he can be impertinent and evil and demeaning."[11]

text: Reception[edit]

text: His role in the episode "In the Midnight Hour" from the fifth season was well received by Debbie Chang of BuddyTV who wrote, "Mark (Eric Dane) is pretty freaking awesome in this episode. He's lascivious as all heck, but he's showing some compassion." His scenes with Shepherd were described as "fun."[12] Victor Balta of Today listed their friendship in its "TV's best bromances". He called them "the most exciting couple on Grey’s," explaining "they’ve demonstrated an easy chemistry that makes for some of the great comic relief around Seattle Grace Hospital with their banter, sage wisdom on each other’s lives, and locker room-style teasing."[13] Their bromance was furthermore included in lists by About.com, BuddyTV, Cosmopolitan, Wetpaint.[14][15][16][17] However, following the announcement of Dane's upcoming departure from the show, Mark Perigard of the Boston Herald felt he and Derek "never clicked like you’d expect friends would. Any scene they had together ranged from uncomfortable to forced."[18]

text: His bromance with Jackson Avery was also well received. Janalen Samson of BuddyTV wrote: "Eric Dane has always shown a facility for sly, deft comedy and these scenes with Jesse Williams are proving to be gems. I do love a good Bromance and these two actors are bringing the love and the funny in spades.[19] Writing for TV Fanatic, Courtney Morrison commented: "Sloan has brought the GA comedy scale up a bit with his bromances and mentoring Jackson.[20] The pairing was listed in Zap2it's 25 Top Bromances of 2012.[21] Los Angeles Times TV columnist, Carina Mackenzie, described his scenes with Torres as "always perfectly sharp."[22]

text: At the 13th Screen Actors Guild Awards, Dane was part of the Grey's Anatomy cast awarded the "Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Drama Series" accolade, for which they were also nominated the following year.[23][24]


document_title: List of books of the King James Version

question_text: what book in the bible comes after ezekiel

text: List of books of the King James Version

text: Old Testament[edit]

text:
King James Bible

Vulgate

Douay Rheims

Full title in the Authorised Version

Genesis

Genesis

Genesis

The First Book of Moses, called Genesis

Exodus

Exodus

Exodus

The Second Book of Moses, called Exodus

Leviticus

Leviticus

Leviticus

The Third Book of Moses, called Leviticus

Numbers

Numeri

Numbers

The Fourth Book of Moses, called Numbers

Deuteronomy

Deuteronomium

Deuteronomy

The Fifth Book of Moses, called Deuteronomy

Joshua

Josue

Josue

The Book of Joshua

Judges

Judices

Judges

The Book of Judges

Ruth

Ruth

Ruth

The Book of Ruth

1 Samuel

1 Samuelis also known as 1 Regum

1 Kings

The First Book of Samuel, otherwise called the First Book of the Kings

2 Samuel

2 Samuelis also known as 2 Regum

2 Kings

The Second Book of Samuel, otherwise called the Second Book of the Kings

1 Kings

3 Regum

3 Kings

The First Book of the Kings, commonly called the Third Book of the Kings

2 Kings

4 Regum

4 Kings

The Second Book of the Kings, commonly called the Fourth Book of the Kings

1 Chronicles

1 Paralipomenon

1 Paralipomenon

The First Book of the Chronicles

2 Chronicles

2 Paralipomenon

2 Paralipomenon

The Second Book of the Chronicles

Ezra

1 Esdrae

1 Esdras

Ezra

Nehemiah

Nehemiae also known as 2 Esdrae

2 Esdras

The Book of Nehemiah

Esther

Esther 1,1 – 10,3

Esther 1:1 – 10:3

The Book of Esther

Job

Job

Job

The Book of Job

Psalms

Psalmi

Psalms

The Book of Psalms

Proverbs

Proverbia

Sentences

The Proverbs

Ecclesiastes

Ecclesiastes

Ecclesiastes

Ecclesiastes, or, The Preacher

Song of Solomon

Canticum Canticorum

Canticle of Canticles

The Song of Solomon

Isaiah

Isaiae

Isaias

The Book of the Prophet Isaiah

Jeremiah

Jeremiae

Jeremias

The Book of the Prophet Jeremiah

Lamentations

Lamentationes

Lamentations

The Lamentations of Jeremiah

Ezekiel

Ezechielis

Ezechiel

The Book of the Prophet Ezekiel

Daniel

Danielis 1,1 – 3,23; 3,91 – 12,13

Daniel 1:1 – 3:23; 3:91 – 12:13

The Book of Daniel

Hosea

Osee

Osee

Hosea

Joel

Joel

Joel

Joel

Amos

Amos

Amos

Amos

Obadiah

Adiae

Adias

Obadiah

Jonah

Jonae

Jonas

Jonah

Micah

Michaeae

Michaeas

Micah

Nahum

Nahum

Nahum

Nahum

Habakkuk

Habacuc

Habacuc

Habakkuk

Zephaniah

Sophoniae

Sophonias

Zephaniah

Haggai

Aggaei

Aggaeus

Haggai

Zechariah

Zachariae

Zacharias

Zechariah

Malachi

Malachiae

Malachias

Malachi

text: Apocrypha[edit]

text:
King James Bible

Vulgate

Douay Rheims

Full title in the Authorised Version

1 Esdras

3 Esdrae

3 Esdras

The First Book of Esdras

2 Esdras

4 Esdrae

4 Esdras

The Second Book of Esdras

Tobit

Tobiae

Tobias

Tobit

Judith

Judith

Judith

Judith

Rest of Esther

Esther 10,4 – 16,24

Esther 10:4 – 16:24

The Rest of the Chapters of the Book of Esther, which are found neither in the Hebrew nor the Chaldee

Wisdom

Sapientiae

Wisdom

The Wisdom of Solomon

Ecclesiasticus

Ecclesiasticus

Ecclesiasticus

The Wisdom of Jesus the son of Sirach, or Ecclesiasticus

Baruch and the Epistle of Jeremy

Baruch

Baruch

Baruch

Song of the Three Children

Danielis 3,24 – 90

Daniel 3:24 – 90

The Song of the Three Holy Children

Story of Susanna

Danielis caput 13

Daniel chapter 13

The History of Susanna

The Idol Bel and the Dragon

Danielis caput 14

Daniel chapter 14

The History of the Destruction of Bel and the Dragon

Prayer of Manasses

Oratio Manassae regis

Prayer of Manasses

The Prayer of Manasses King of Juda when he was holden captive in Babylon

1 Maccabees

1 Machabaeorum

1 Machabees

The First Book of the Maccabees

2 Maccabees

2 Machabaeorum

2 Machabees

The Second Book of the Maccabees

text: New Testament[edit]

text:
King James Bible

Vulgate

Douay Rheims

Full title in the Authorised Version

St. Matthew

secundum Matthaeum

Matthew

The Gospel According to St. Matthew

St. Mark

secundum Marcum

Mark

The Gospel According to St. Mark

St. Luke

secundum Lucam

Luke

The Gospel According to St. Luke

St. John

secundum Ioannem

John

The Gospel According to St. John

The Acts

Actus

Acts

The Acts of the Apostles

Romans

ad Romanos

Romans

The Epistle of Paul the Apostle to the Romans

1 Corinthians

1 ad Corinthios

1 Corinthians

The First Epistle of Paul the Apostle to the Corinthians

2 Corinthians

2 ad Corinthios

2 Corinthians

The Second Epistle of Paul the Apostle to the Corinthians

Galatians

ad Galatas

Galatians

The Epistle of Paul to the Galatians

Ephesians

ad Ephesios

Ephesians

The Epistle of Paul the Apostle to the Ephesians

Philippians

ad Philippenses

Philippians

The Epistle of Paul the Apostle to the Philippians

Colossians

ad Colossenses

Colossians

The Epistle of Paul the Apostle to the Colossians

1 Thessalonians

1 ad Thessalonicenses

1 Thessalonians

The First Epistle of Paul the Apostle to the Thessalonians

2 Thessalonians

2 ad Thessalonicenses

2 Thessalonians

The Second Epistle of Paul the Apostle to the Thessalonians

1 Timothy

1 ad Timotheum

1 Timothy

The First Epistle of Paul the Apostle to Timothy

2 Timothy

2 ad Timotheum

2 Timothy

The Second Epistle of Paul the Apostle to Timothy

Titus

ad Titum

Titus

The Epistle of Paul to Titus

Philemon

ad Philemonem

Philemon

The Epistle of Paul to Philemon

Hebrews

ad Hebraeos

Hebrews

The Epistle of Paul the Apostle to the Hebrews

James

Jacobi

James

The General Epistle of James

1 Peter

1 Petri

1 Peter

The First Epistle General of Peter

2 Peter

2 Petri

2 Peter

The Second Epistle General of Peter

1 John

1 Ioannis

1 John

The First Epistle General of John

2 John

2 Ioannis

2 John

The Second Epistle of John

3 John

3 Ioannis

3 John

The Third Epistle of John

Jude

Judae

Jude

The General Epistle of Jude

Revelation

Apocalypsis

Apocalypse

The Revelation of St. John the Divine

text: Notes[edit]

text: There are 66 books in the King James Bible—39 in the Old Testament, and 27 in the New Testament.

text: In the Latin Vulgate, it is customary to separate chapter and verse with a comma, for example, "Ioannem 3,16". But in English bibles it is customary to separate chapter and verse with a colon, for example, "John 3:16".

text: The Psalms of the two versions are numbered differently. The Vulgate follows the Septuagint numbering, while the King James Version follows the numbering of the Masoretic Text. This generally results in the Psalms of the former being one number behind the latter. See the article on Psalms for more details.

text: Editions[edit]

text: Early editions of the King James Bible, made before the standardization of English spelling, contain variations in the spelling of the names of the books. The spellings shown here are from the Oxford World's Classics edition (ISBN 978-0199535941). Early editions often make greater use of the silent e in their spelling, e.g. "Deuteronomie" for Deuteronomy, "Booke" for book, and "Wisedom" for Wisdom.

text: Books of the BibleKing James Version

tag: ul


document_title: List of Chief Ministers of Nagaland

question_text: who is the chief minister of nagaland now

text: List of Chief Ministers of Nagaland

text:
Chief Minister of Nagaland

Incumbent
T. R. Zeliang
since 19 July 2017

Appointer
Governor of Nagaland

Inaugural holder
P. Shilu Ao

Formation
1 December 1963

text: The Chief Minister of Nagaland is the chief executive of the northeast Indian state of Nagaland. As per the Constitution of India, the governor is a state's de jure head, but de facto executive authority rests with the chief minister. Following elections to the Nagaland Legislative Assembly, the state's governor usually invites the party (or coalition) with a majority of seats to form the government. The governor appoints the chief minister, whose council of ministers are collectively responsible to the assembly. Given that he has the confidence of the assembly, the chief minister's term is for five years and is subject to no term limits.[1]

text: Since 1963, ten people belonging to seven parties have served as Chief Minister of Nagaland. The first three belonged to the Naga Nationalist Organisation, including the inaugural officeholder P. Shilu Ao. The current incumbent is T. R. Zeliang of the Nagaland People's Front, in office since 19 July 2017.

text: List[edit]

text:
No[a]
Name
Term of office[2]
Party[b]
Days in office

1
P. Shilu Ao
MLA for Impur
1 December 1963
14 August 1966
Naga Nationalist Organisation

987 days

2
T. N. Angami
MLA for Western Angami
14 August 1966
22 February 1969
924 days

3
Hokishe Sema
MLA for Akuluto
22 February 1969
26 February 1974
1831 days

4
Vizol Angami
MLA for Southern Angami-II
26 February 1974
10 March 1975
United Democratic Front

378 days

5
John Bosco Jasokie
MLA for Kohima Town
10 March 1975
20 March 1975
Naga National Democratic Party

11 days

–
Vacant[c]
(President's rule)
20 March 1975
25 November 1977
N/A

(4)
Vizol Angami
MLA for Southern Angami-II
25 November 1977
18 April 1980
United Democratic Front

876 days [Total 1254 days]

6
S. C. Jamir
MLA for Aonglenden
18 April 1980
5 June 1980
United Democratic Front—Progressive

49 days

(5)
John Bosco Jasokie
MLA for Kohima Town
5 June 1980
18 November 1982
Naga National Democratic Party

897 days [Total 908 days]

(6)
S. C. Jamir
MLA for Aonglenden
18 November 1982
28 October 1986
United Democratic Front—Progressive

1440 days

(3)
Hokishe Sema
29 October 1986
7 August 1988
Indian National Congress

648 days [Total 2479 days]

–
Vacant[c]
(President's rule)
7 August 1988
25 January 1989
N/A

(6)
S. C. Jamir
MLA for Mokokchung Town
25 January 1989
10 May 1990
Indian National Congress

471 days

7
K. L. Chishi
MLA for Atoizu
16 May 1990
19 June 1990
Indian National Congress

36 days

8
Vamuzo Phesao
19 June 1990
2 April 1992
Nagaland People's Council

653 days

–
Vacant[c]
(President's rule)
2 April 1992
22 February 1993
N/A

(6)
S. C. Jamir
MLA for Aonglenden
22 February 1993
6 March 2003
Indian National Congress

3665 days [Total 5625 days]

9
Neiphiu Rio
MLA for Northern Angami-II
6 March 2003
3 January 2008
Nagaland People's Front

1767 days

–
Vacant[c]
(President's rule)
3 January 2008
12 March 2008
N/A

(9)
Neiphiu Rio
MLA for Northern Angami-II
12 March 2008
24 May 2014
Nagaland People's Front

2264
[Total 4031 days]

10
T. R. Zeliang
MLA for Peren
24 May 2014
22 February 2017
1005

11
Shurhozelie Liezietsu
22 February 2017
19 July 2017
147

(10)
T. R. Zeliang
MLA for Peren
19 July 2017
Incumbent
85

text: Notes[edit]

text:
Jump up ^ A number inside brackets indicates that the incumbent has previously held office.
Jump up ^ This column only names the chief minister's party. The state government he headed may have been a complex coalition of several parties and independents; these are not listed here.
^ Jump up to: a b c d President's rule may be imposed when the "government in a state is not able to function as per the Constitution", which often happens because no party or coalition has a majority in the assembly. When President's rule is in force in a state, its council of ministers stands dissolved. The office of chief minister thus lies vacant, and the administration is taken over by the governor, who functions on behalf of the central government. At times, the legislative assembly also stands dissolved.[3]

text:
Jump up ^ Durga Das Basu. Introduction to the Constitution of India. 1960. 20th Edition, 2011 Reprint. pp. 241, 245. LexisNexis Butterworths Wadhwa Nagpur. ISBN 978-81-8038-559-9. Note: although the text talks about Indian state governments in general, it applies for the specific case of Nagaland as well.
Jump up ^ "General Information, Nagaland". Information & Public Relations department, Nagaland government.
Jump up ^ Amberish K. Diwanji. "A dummy's guide to President's rule". Rediff.com. 15 March 2005.


document_title: The Great British Bake Off

question_text: who wins season 2 of great british baking show

text: The Great British Bake Off

text: Background[edit]

text: Development[edit]

text: The idea of the baking competition was conceived by producer Anna Beattie after she spoke to a friend who had seen 'bake-offs' in America.[5] Beattie was also inspired by village fete baking competitions; she said: "I loved that idea of village fetes and an old-fashioned baking competition with people who only wanted to bake a good cake."[6] However, Beattie failed to interest any channel in the idea for four years. In early 2009, they pitched the idea to Janice Hadlow, the then controller of BBC Two.[7] The pitch was successful, and Hadlow and the Commissioning Editor Charlotte Moore commissioned the programme,[8][9] which was then developed over the next six months. The development team first selected Mary Berry as a judge, and following an audition Paul Hollywood was also appointed. Sue Perkins and Mel Giedroyc were approached to be presenters of the show.[7]

text: Broadcast and personnel changes[edit]

text: On 17 August 2010, the first episode of The Great British Bake Off was shown on BBC Two.[10] It stayed on BBC Two for four years, grew in popularity and become the most popular programme on that channel. In its fifth series it was moved to BBC One where it stayed for three years. It was the most-watched programme on British television in 2015 and 2016.[11][12] Following extended negotiations, Love Productions announced that the seventh series of the show would be the last broadcast by the BBC. On 12 September 2016, Love agreed to a three-year deal to broadcast the show on Channel 4.[13][2] Giedroyc and Perkins subsequently announced that they would not be returning when the show moves to its new network.[14] On 22 September, Berry announced that she would also be leaving the show when it moved to Channel 4,[15] while Hollywood later announced he would stay.[16] In March 2017, it was announced that Prue Leith would join Hollywood as judge, while Noel Fielding and Sandi Toksvig would take over as presenters.[17]

text: Format[edit]

text: The programme operates on a weekly elimination process to find the best all-around baker from the contestants, who are all amateurs. The applicants to the show are assessed by a researcher, followed by an audition in London with two of their bakes. They then undergo a screen test and an interview with a producer. A second audition involves the applicants baking two recipes for the judges in front of the cameras.[5] Ten contestants were chosen for the first series, twelve for the following two series, thirteen for the fourth, and back to twelve from series five onwards.

text: In each episode, the amateur bakers are given three challenges: a signature bake, a technical challenge, and a show-stopper.[5] The three challenges take place over two days, and the filming takes up to 16 hours a day. The contestants are assessed by the judges who then choose a "Star Baker" for the week (introduced in series 2), and a contestant is also eliminated. In the final round, three bakers are left and a winner is chosen from the three.

text: In the first series, the location of the cast and crew moves from town to town each week, but starting from the second series, the competition is held in one location in a specially constructed marquee. Interspersed in the programme are the background of the contestants as well as video vignettes on the history of baking. What each baker intends to bake during a particular challenge is illustrated using animated graphics. These graphics have been created by illustrator Tom Hovey since the show's inception in 2010.[18][19]

text: Series overview[edit]

text:
Series
Episodes
Premiere
Finale
Winner
Runners-up
Average UK viewers
(millions)[20][21]
Timeslot
Channel

1
6
17 August 2010
21 September 2010
Edd Kimber
Miranda Gore Browne
2.77
Tuesday
8:00 pm
BBC Two

Ruth Clemens

2
8
14 August 2011
4 October 2011
Joanne Wheatley
Holly Bell
4.00

Mary-Anne Boermans

3
10
14 August 2012
16 October 2012
John Whaite
Brendan Lynch
5.00

James Morton

4
10
20 August 2013
22 October 2013
Frances Quinn
Kimberley Wilson
7.35

Ruby Tandoh

5
10
6 August 2014
8 October 2014
Nancy Birtwhistle
Luis Troyano
10.04
Wednesday
8:00 pm
BBC One

Richard Burr

6
10
5 August 2015
7 October 2015
Nadiya Hussain
Ian Cumming
12.50

Tamal Ray

7
10
24 August 2016
26 October 2016
Candice Brown
Andrew Smyth
13.85

Jane Beedle

8
10
29 August 2017
31 October 2017
Sophie Faldo
Kate Lyon
9.29
Tuesday
8:00 pm
Channel 4

Steven Carter-Bailey

text: Series 1 (2010)[edit]

text: Series 1 of The Great British Bake Off saw ten home bakers take part in a bake-off to test their baking skills as they battled to be crowned the Great British Bake Off's best amateur baker. Each week the nationwide tour saw the bakers put through three challenges in a particular discipline. The rounds took place in various locations across the UK, with the final round being held at Fulham Palace, London.

text: The three finalists were Ruth Clemens, Miranda Gore Browne, and Edd Kimber. On 21 September 2010, Edd Kimber was crowned the best amateur baker.[22]

text: Series 2 (2011)[edit]

text: The number of amateur baker contestants increased to twelve for the second series. Unlike Series 1, this year The Great British Bake Off stayed in one location – Valentines Mansion, a 17th-century mansion house in Redbridge, London.

text: All the Series 2 finalists were female: Holly Bell, Mary-Anne Boermans, and the winning contestant Joanne Wheatley.[23]

text: Series 3 (2012)[edit]

text: A third series of The Great British Bake Off began on 14 August 2012.[24] The series was filmed at Harptree Court in East Harptree, Somerset.

text: In contrast to Season 2, there was an all-male final. The finalists were Brendan Lynch, James Morton and John Whaite,[25] who won the final in a surprise result.[26]

text: Series 4 (2013)[edit]

text: The fourth series of The Great British Bake Off started on 20 August 2013 on BBC Two. The series was again filmed at Harptree Court in East Harptree, Somerset.[27] The all-female final was won by Frances Quinn, with Ruby Tandoh and Kimberley Wilson as runners up.[28]

text: In the U.S., the fourth series was broadcast as season 2 on PBS.

text: Series 5 (2014)[edit]

text: The fifth series of The Great British Bake Off began airing on 6 August 2014 on BBC One. This series was filmed at Welford Park in Berkshire.[29] There were twelve bakers taking part. Mary Berry and Paul Hollywood returned as judges, whilst Sue Perkins and Mel Giedroyc continued to present the series. Richard Burr was awarded the largest number of star baker designations of any series so far, but was beaten by Nancy Birtwhistle in the final.

text: A spin-off show The Great British Bake Off: An Extra Slice, hosted by comedian Jo Brand on BBC Two, was also launched as a companion series this year. Each episode was broadcast two days after the main show but later moved to the same night. The show includes interviews with eliminated contestants.[30]

text: In the U.S., the fifth series was broadcast as season 1 on PBS.

text: Series 6 (2015)[edit]

text: The sixth series began on 5 August 2015[31] on BBC One, again from Welford Park in Berkshire. Spin-off show The Great British Bake Off: An Extra Slice returned for a second series, with Jo Brand as host. This series was won by Nadiya Hussain, with Ian Cumming and Tamal Ray as runners up.[32]

text: In the U.S., the sixth series was broadcast as season 3 on PBS.

text: Series 7 (2016)[edit]

text: The seventh series began on 24 August 2016 on BBC One, once again from Welford Park in Berkshire, a later than usual start following the BBC's coverage of the Olympic Games.[33] This series was won by Candice Brown, with Jane Beedle and Andrew Smyth as runners up.

text: In the U.S., the seventh series was broadcast as season 4 on PBS.

text: Series 8 (2017)[edit]

text: The eighth series of The Great British Bake Off began airing on 29 August 2017.[34] This is the first series of The Great British Bake Off to be broadcast on Channel 4 following its move from the BBC.[35] The series features new hosts Noel Fielding and Sandi Toksvig, and new judge Prue Leith along with returning judge Paul Hollywood. This series was won by Sophie Faldo, with Kate Lyon and Steven Carter-Bailey finishing as runners-up.

text: Incomplete bakes and other incidents[edit]

text: As of the sixth series, there have been four incomplete bakes.

text:
In Series 2, Robert Billington accidentally dropped his tiered showstopper while applying finishing touches to the cake. Both judges and presenters came to his aid to salvage the bottom tier of his cake. He was able to present the incomplete showstopper as a single-tiered cake.
In Series 3, John Whaite was unable to complete his bake after he suffered a severe cut to his finger on the food processor. He tried to continue working on his strudel wearing a rubber glove, but the bleeding required medical attention and he therefore had to abandon the last bake. As a result, no one was eliminated that week.[36]
In Series 4, contestant Deborah accidentally used Howard's custard instead of her own. As a result, Howard was forced to use Deborah's custard, and this was taken into account by the judges.[37]
In Series 5, during the Baked Alaska challenge, Iain Watters' ice cream melted for reasons that were not entirely clear, although the editing of the show suggested that it had been caused by another contestant's actions. He threw his ice cream into the bin in frustration and left the tent. He returned shortly after, and as he had no cake for judging (he produced his bin instead, and the incident was labelled "bingate"), he was eliminated from the competition. The event that led to his departure provoked some anger from the viewers.[38]

text: Reception[edit]

text: Critical reception[edit]

text: The early reviews for the first series were mixed. Lucy Mangan of The Guardian wondered if "competitive baking [is] a contradiction in terms" and found the proceedings humourless.[39] Iain Hollingshead of The Daily Telegraph was scathing, describing the presenters as "annoying", the judge Paul Hollywood as looking "sinister without being interesting", and that the audience would be so bored that they "could certainly forgive the cameraman if he were to commit hara-kiri in a giant pool of egg and flour."[40]

text: However, reviews from the later series were more positive. Andrew Collins of The Guardian called it "the nicest show on television" and judged it the best TV programme of 2012.[41][42] Rachel Ward of The Daily Telegraph thought the programme "had just the right consistency of mouth-watering morsels, good humour, and fascinating history",[43] while Tom Sutcliffe of The Independent considered the contest "perfectly baked".[44]

text: Bake Off was moved to Channel 4 in 2017, and reviews of the programme on the channel were largely positive, although a few felt that it did not compare well to the BBC version.[45][46][47] Mark Lawson of The Guardian described the programme on Channel 4 as "both exactly the same but also just subtly different enough", and that "only someone desperate to dislike the re-plated show could argued that [it] has soured, spoiled or binned its recipe".[48] Michael Hogan of The Telegraph thought that "Mary, Mel and Sue might be gone but the show's recipe remains as winning as ever. The four Cs – chemistry, camaraderie, comedy, cakes – were all present and correct."[49] Anna Leszkiewicz of the New Statesman however considered that while the format had been left largely unchanged and the contestants "irresistibly likeable", "every single change to the show has been for the worse".[46]

text: Cultural impact[edit]

text: The show has become a significant part of British culture and is credited with spurring an interest in home baking, with supermarkets and department stores in the UK reporting sharp rises in sales of baking ingredients and accessories.[50][51] It was also credited with reviving the Women's Institute, whose membership reached its highest level since the 1970s.[52] The show also boosted the sales of bakery books and the number of baking clubs, and independent bakeries also showed an increase. According to one analyst, more than three-fifths of adults have baked at home at least once in 2013 compared with only a third in 2011.[53]

text: TV ratings[edit]

text: The first series of The Great British Bake Off premiered in August 2010 with moderate ratings of just over 2 million viewers for its first episode.[54] This was enough to place it in BBC Two's top ten for that week, and over the series the audience grew to over three million, with the semi-final and final both achieving first place in BBC Two's weekly ratings. During the second series, the ratings gradually increased, and it became a surprise hit with nearly 4 million watching each episode.[55] Week two was the last time that the show was out-rated by another BBC Two programme in the same week (it came second to the drama Page Eight); from then until the show's move to BBC One, every competition episode would be the channel's number one rated programme of the week. By its final episode it had averaged 4.56 million viewers, peaking at 5.1 million in its last 15 minutes.[56]

text: The ratings continued to strengthen in the third series, and the show began to beat its competition in its timeslot.[57] The final of the series where John Whaite was crowned the winner saw its highest rating yet, with an average of 6.5 million viewers that peaked at 7.2 million, which made it the second highest-rated BBC Two-originated show after Top Gear since at least 2006.[58][59] The fourth series achieved some of the highest ratings seen on BBC Two. The viewer count for its premiere episode was more than two million higher than that of the previous series,[60] while the final episode was seen by 9.1 million viewers at its peak, more than twice the number of viewers on BBC One and ITV.[61] The final episode is the most-watched show on BBC Two since the present ratings system was introduced in 2002, beating the previous record set by Top Gear.[62] As a result of its high ratings, the show was moved to BBC One.[63]

text: After its move to BBC One, the opening episode was watched by over 7 million viewers according to overnight figures, beating the figure of 5.6 million for the opening episode of the previous year.[64] the Bingate controversy surrounding episode four helped the show gain its biggest ever audience of 10.3 million viewers, with 2 million people who watched it on BBC iPlayer.[65] The final of the show gained an overnight viewing figure of 12.29 million, then the highest viewing figure of the year for a non-sporting event on UK TV.[66] In the following year, the top ten ratings for 2015 was also dominated by The Great British Bake Off, with seven of the year's ten most-watched television programmes being episodes of the show, topped by the final episode with 15.05 million viewers.[67] In the last series on the BBC in 2016, nine of the top ten most-watched programmes of the year were episodes of the show, with 16.03 million viewers watching the finale.[68]

text: The first series broadcast by Channel 4 opened with average viewing figures of 5.8 million, rising to 6.5 million to include those watching on Channel 4+1, and 9.46 million for the 7-day rating.[69] Although the overnight figure was the lowest for an opening episode since 2013, it was Channel 4's biggest audience since the Opening Ceremony of the 2012 Paralympics.[70] This series attracted an average audience of 9 million viewers on Channel 4.[71]

text: Controversies[edit]

text: Product placement sanction[edit]

text: In September 2012, production company Love Productions was sanctioned by the BBC for product placement of Smeg fridges. The issue came to light after a viewer wrote to the Radio Times complaining of "blatant product promotion". After an investigation, the BBC said Love Production's loan agreement with Smeg did not meet editorial guidelines and was being revised for the third series, and that appropriate retrospective hire payments would be made.[72] The BBC asked Smeg to remove a notice from its website promoting its association with the show, which it has since done.[73]

text: Favouritism[edit]

text: During the fourth series, there were accusations of favouritism towards female contestants after the last man Glenn Cosby was eliminated from the show;[74] however, similar claims were not made the previous year over the all-male final, or even the year before, when there was also an all-female quarter-final. The fourth series also suffered allegations of Paul Hollywood's favouritism towards Ruby Tandoh,[75][76] and personal attacks on Tandoh by various people including the chef Raymond Blanc.[77][78][79] Both Paul Hollywood and Ruby Tandoh denied the accusation.[80][81]

text: Baked Alaska controversy ("Bingate")[edit]

text: In the fourth episode of the fifth series, there was controversy around the elimination of contestant Iain Watters. During the final showstopper round contestants were tasked with producing a Baked Alaska. Iain's ice cream was shown as having not set and in a show of frustration he threw his bake in the bin. The editing of the show suggested that another contestant, Diana Beard, had caused the failure by removing the ice cream from a freezer, and the perceived "sabotage" resulted in a furore on social media networks.[82] However, unseen footage broadcast in the accompanying programme An Extra Slice shows Luis holding the large floor freezer that contained Iain's ice cream open as he piped the sides of his own baked Alaska, while Mel warns him to pipe quickly and close the freezer. Later in the episode, when Iain removes his ice cream to begin the next step of his dish, it is still quite soft, indicating it went into the freezer he shared with Diana without being completely frozen. Various members of the cast posted comments in support of Diana[83] and a BBC spokesman later issued a statement that "Diana removing Iain's ice cream from the freezer for less than a minute was in no way responsible for Iain's departure."[84]

text: More than 800 complaints were lodged with the BBC over the incident and some also complained to the communication watchdog Ofcom.[85]

text: Use of innuendo[edit]

text: A number of viewers complained to the BBC feedback show Points of View in the fifth series about the "constant smutty remarks" from the presenters Mel and Sue.[86][87] This series was seen as having more innuendos than previous ones; some reviewers noted the "extra pinch of saucy spice" and "the increasingly filthy-minded hosts Mel Giedroyc and Sue Perkins",[88][89][90] while the Daily Mail argued that the "smutty" innuendos made the show no longer fit for family entertainment.[91] The series 3 winner John Whaite however argued that innuendo is part of what made the show a success,[92] whilst judge Paul Hollywood described the innuendos as banter in the spirit of the Carry On films and is a part of British culture,[93] a view shared by others.[94][95]

text: Clones, legal challenges and move to Channel 4[edit]

text: The success of The Great British Bake Off led to the BBC commissioning many other series closely following the format from Love Productions for example The Great British Sewing Bee and The Great Pottery Throw Down. However the 2014 series Hair using the same format was produced in house by the BBC, Love Productions responded by making preparations to sue the BBC for infringing their copyright.[96][97] Although the matter was kept quiet, with the BBC settling out of court and compensating Love Productions,[96][97] the matter soured relations between the BBC and Love Productions.[97] In September 2016, it was announced that the BBC had lost the broadcast rights of the show to Channel 4.[98] Channel 4 offered £25 million for the show outbidding the £15 million offered by the BBC.[98] In January 2017 the BBC waived its rights to keep the program off the air until 2018, and wished the programme "well for the future".[99]

text: Accidental revealing of Series 8 winner[edit]

text: On 31 October 2017, judge Prue Leith accidentally revealed the winner of Series 8 on Twitter twelve hours before the finale was due to air. This caused uproar among many fans of the show. She quickly deleted the tweet and apologised to the fans who saw the tweet.[100]

text: Awards and nominations[edit]

text: The Great British Bake Off was nominated for a Rose d'Or in the Lifestyle section of the 2012 competition and won.[101][102] The programme has been nominated a number of times in various categories for the BAFTA awards and won in 2012, 2013, and 2016.[103][104] It also won two 2015 National Television Award for Skills Challenge Show.[105]

text:
Year
Award
Category
Recipient
Results
Ref.

2012
Rose d'Or
Lifestyle
The Great British Bake Off
Won
[106]

BAFTA TV Awards
Features
Anna Beattie, Andy Devonshire, Simon Evans, Richard McKerrow
Won
[107]

YouTube Audience Award
The Great British Bake Off
Nominated
[103]

2013
Features
Anna Beattie, Kieran Smith, Amanda Westwood, Scott Tankard
Won
[108]

Radio Times Audience Award
The Great British Bake Off
Nominated
[108]

National Television Award
Factual Entertainment
Nominated
[109]

2014
BAFTA TV Awards
Features
Anna Beattie, Amanda Westwood, Samantha Beddoes, Simon Evans
Nominated
[110]

National Television Award
Factual Entertainment
The Great British Bake Off
Nominated
[111]

2015
BAFTA TV Awards
Features
Anna Beattie, Samantha Beddoes, Andy Devonshire, Simon Evans
Nominated
[112]

Radio Times Audience Award
The Great British Bake Off
Nominated
[113]

National Television Award
Skills Challenge Show
Won
[114]

2016
National Television Award
Challenge Show
Won
[114]

BAFTA
Features
The Great British Bake Off production team
Won
[115]

Radio Times audience award
The Great British Bake Off
Nominated
[115]

2017
National Television Award
Challenge Show
The Great British Bake Off
Nominated
[116]

TV judge
Mary Berry
Won
[117]

BAFTA
Features
The Great British Bake Off production team
Nominated
[118]

text: International broadcast and versions[edit]

text: The UK version of The Great British Bake Off is broadcast in many countries and it has been sold to 196 territories as of 2015.[119] The format has also been sold to 20 territories by 2015, making it the third most successful BBC format after Dancing with the Stars (Strictly Come Dancing) and The Weakest Link.[120] Many of these shows have been successful.[121][122] The Junior Bake Off format has also been sold to Thailand.[123]

text: Beginning in 2014, the US broadcaster PBS has aired several series of the show under the name The Great British Baking Show.[124] The change of name was necessary due to the fact that "Bake-Off" is a registered trademark of Pillsbury in the United States. The fifth series was broadcast as Season 1 in Winter 2014–2015;[125] the fourth series was then broadcast as Season 2 in Fall 2015,[126] the sixth series was broadcast as Season 3 in Summer 2016, and the seventh series was broadcast as Season 4 in Summer 2017.

text: The CBC began broadcasting The Great British Bake Off in Canada in August 2016, starting with the sixth series and also with the Great British Baking Show title. The seventh series aired the year after.[127]

text: International versions[edit]

text: Current and upcoming versions include:[128]

text: Legend:      Airing or in production        No longer airing

text:
Country
Local title
Host(s)
Judges
Channel
Premiere

 Australia
The Great Australian Bake Off
Shane Jacobson
Anna Gare[129]
Dan Lepard
Kerry Vincent
Nine Network[130]
9 July 2013

Claire Hooper
Mel Buttle
Maggie Beer
Matt Moran[131]
LifeStyle Food
13 October 2015

 Belgium
De MeesterBakker
(The Master Baker)
Rani De Coninck
Sofie Dumont
Bernard Proot
vtm
4 April 2012

 Brazil
Bake Off Brasil
Carolina Fiorentino (2017–)
Ticiana Villas Boas (2015–16)
Fabrizio Fasano Jr.
Beca Milano (2017–)
Carolina Fiorentino (2015–16)
SBT
Discovery Home & Health
26 July 2015

Bake Off SBT
Carolina Florentino
Danilo Gentili
Ratinho
Fabrizio Fasano Jr.
Beca Milano
23 December 2017

Júnior Bake Off Brasil
Carolina Florentino
6 January 2018

 Bulgaria
Bake Off: Най-сладкото състезание
(Bake Off: The Sweetest Competition)
Aleksandra Raeva
Raffi Bohosyan
Julia Pandzherova
Yuri Baltaliyski
Nova TV
15 November 2016

 Canada
The Great Canadian Baking Show
Dan Levy
Julia Chan
Bruno Feldeisen
Rochelle Adonis
CBC
1 November 2017

 Denmark
Den store bagedyst
(The Great Baking Contest)
Timm Vladimir
Mette Blomsterberg
Jan Friis-Mikkelsen
DR1
28 August 2012[132]

 Estonia
Eesti parim pagar[133]
Kristjan Rabi (2015)
Indrek Vaheoja (2015)
Alari Kivisaar
Angeelika Kang
Ants Uustalu
TV3
31 August 2015

 Finland
Koko Suomi leipoo[134]
(The whole of Finland bakes)
Anne Kukkohovi
Mika Parviainen
Sami Granroth
MTV3[135]
24 September 2013

 France
Le Meilleur Pâtissier[136][137]
(The Best Baker)
Julia Vignali
Cyril Lignac
Jacqueline Mercorelli
M6[138]
RTL-TVI (Belgium)
26 November 2012

 Germany
Das große Backen
(The great Bake)
Britt Hagedorn (2013)
Meltem Kaptan (2013)
Enie van de Meiklokjes (2014–16)
Annika Lau (2017)
Christian Hümbs
Enie van de Meiklokjes (2013)
Andrea Schirmaier-Huber (2013–14)
Betty Schliephake-Burchardt (2015–17)
Sat.1
1 December 2013

 Ireland
The Great Irish Bake Off
Anna Nolan[139]
Biddy White Lennon
Paul Kelly[140]
TV3
19 September 2013

 Italy
Bake Off Italia – Dolci in forno[141]
(Bake Off Italy – Sweets in the oven)
Benedetta Parodi
Ernst Knam
Clelia d'Onofrio
Damiano Carrara
Real Time[142]
November 2013

 Israel
בייק אוף ישראל[143]
(Bake Off Israel)
Paula Rosenberg
Aya Kremerman
Ran Shmueli
Oded Brenner
Carine Goren
Channel 2
9 April 2016

 Netherlands
Heel Holland Bakt
(All of Holland bakes)
Martine Bijl[144]
(2013–15)
André van Duin
(2016–present)
Robèrt van Beckhoven
Janny van der Heijden
MAX (NPO 1)
5 June 2013[145]

 Norway
Hele Norge baker
(All of Norway Bakes)
Line Verndal
Pascal Dupuy
Øyvind Lofthus[146]
TV3[147]
10 March 2013[148]

 Poland
Bake Off – Ale Ciacho!
(Bake Off – What A Cake!)
Anna Gacek
Paulina Mikuła[149]
Krzysztof Ilnicki
Gosia Molska[150]
TVP2
5 September 2016[151]

 Portugal
Best Bakery – A Melhor Pastelaria de Portugal
(Best Bakery – The Best Pastry in Portugal)
Ana Guiomar
Luca Arguelles
Telmo Moutinho
SIC
3 October 2016

 Romania
Bake Off Romania[152]
Nicolle Stanese[153]
Alex Stan
Simona Pope
Tudor Constantinescu
Pro TV
29 February 2016[154]

 South Africa
The Great South African Bake Off[155]
Anne Hirsch
Lentswe Bhengu
Shirley Guy
Tjaart Walraven
BBC Lifestyle
8 October 2015

 Sweden
Hela Sverige bakar[156]
(All of Sweden Bakes)
Tilde de Paula
Johan Sörberg
Birgitta Rasmussen
TV4 (Sjuan)
20 September 2012

Hela kändis-Sverige bakar[157]
(Celebrity All of Sweden Bakes)
11 November 2014

 Turkey
Ver Fırına
Burcu Esmersoy
Arda Türkmen
Emel Başdoğan
TV8[158]
20 October 2014[159]

 Ukraine
Великий пекарський турнір
(Great Bakers Tournament)
Yuri Gorbunov[160]
Serge Markovic
Catherine Ahronik
Olga Ganushchak
1+1[161]
1 September 2013[162]

 United States
The American Baking Competition[163][164]
Jeff Foxworthy
Marcela Valladolid
Paul Hollywood
CBS[165]
29 May 2013[166]

 United States
The Great American Baking Show
Ayesha Curry
Anthony Adams
Johnny Iuzzini
Paul Hollywood[167]
ABC
30 November 2015 (as The Great Holiday Baking Show)[168][169][170][171]

text: The Great Sport Relief Bake Off[edit]

text:
The Great Sport Relief Bake Off

Genre

Cooking
Baking

Presented by

Mel Giedroyc
Jennifer Saunders (2016)
Ed Byrne (2014, 2016)
Sarah Millican (2016)
Sue Perkins (2014)
Jo Brand (2014)
Omid Djalili (2014)

Judges

Mary Berry
Paul Hollywood

Country of origin
United Kingdom

Original language(s)
English

No. of series
3

No. of episodes
12

Production

Running time
60 minutes

Production company(s)
Love Productions

Release

Original network
BBC Two (2012–2013)
BBC One (2014–2016)

Picture format
16:9

Original release
10 January 2012 (2012-01-10) – 23 February 2016 (2016-02-23)

text: Episode viewing figures from BARB.[172]

text: Series 1 (2012)[edit]

text:
Episode No.
Signature Challenge
Technical Challenge
Showstopper Challenge
Contestants
Airdate
Viewers
(millions)

1
Traybake
Wholemeal Cheese Scones
Meringue Dessert
Angela Griffin
10 January 2012 (2012-01-10)
3.52

James Wong

Joe Swift

Sarah Hadland

2
Savoury Flan
Banana & Chocolate Chip Loaves
Layered Cake
Arlene Phillips
11 January 2012 (2012-01-11)
2.79

Fi Glover

Gus Casely-Hayford

Saira Khan

3
Classic Crumble
Coffee & Walnut Cake
24 Miniature Tarts
Alex Deakin
12 January 2012 (2012-01-12)
2.56

Alex Langlands

Anita Rani

Pearl Lowe

4
Trio of Baked Biscuits
6 Sausage Rolls
Covered Tiered Occasion Cake
Angela Griffin
13 January 2012 (2012-01-13)
3.43

Anita Rani

Fi Glover

text: Series 2 (2014)[edit]

text:
Episode No.
Guest host
Signature Challenge
Technical Challenge
Showstopper Challenge
Contestants
Airdate
Viewers
(millions)

1
Sue Perkins
12 Sandwich Biscuits
Tarte Tatin
3D Novelty Cake
Bonnie Wright
13 January 2014 (2014-01-13)
4.37

Johnny Vaughan

Michael Vaughan

Samantha Bond

2
Jo Brand
12 Gingerbread Biscuits
Banoffee Pie
Chocolate Cake
Greg Rutherford
14 January 2014 (2014-01-14)
5.07

Jane Horrocks

Jason Gardiner

Kirsty Young

3
Omid Djalili
Traybake
Iced Ring Dougnuts
Layered Cakes
Emma Freud
15 January 2014 (2014-01-15)
5.02

Jamelia[173]

Michael Ball

Victoria Pendleton

4
Ed Byrne
Pizzas
Eccles Cakes
Tiered Cakes
Alistair McGowan
16 January 2014 (2014-01-16)
4.94

Doon Mackichan

Helen Skelton

Rochelle Humes

text: Series 3 (2016)[edit]

text:
Episode No.
Guest host
Signature Challenge
Technical Challenge
Showstopper Challenge
Contestants
Airdate
Viewers
(millions)

1
Mel Giedroyc
Canapés
Paris–Brest
Trophy Cake
David James
27 January 2016 (2016-01-27)
6.03

Jason Manford

Maddy Hill

Samantha Cameron

2
Jennifer Saunders
American Muffins
Football Pie
Tiered Cake
Chris Kamara
3 February 2016 (2016-02-03)
7.44

Ed Balls

Kimberley Walsh

Victoria Coren Mitchell

3
Ed Byrne
Savoury tarts
Chocolate and Beetroot Tray Bake
3D Biscuits
Geri Horner
17 February 2016 (2016-02-17)
7.12

Jermaine Jenas

John Simpson

Louise Redknapp

4
Sarah Millican
Open-top Pie
Salmon Roulade
Cupcakes
Ade Edmondson
24 February 2016 (2016-02-24)
6.74

Alison Steadman

Morgana Robinson

Will Young

text: The Great Comic Relief Bake Off[edit]

text:
The Great Comic Relief Bake Off

Genre

Cooking
Baking

Presented by

Mel Giedroyc (2013, 2015)
Sue Perkins (2015)
Jo Brand (2015)
Ed Byrne (2015)

Judges

Mary Berry
Paul Hollywood

Country of origin
United Kingdom

Original language(s)
English

No. of series
2

No. of episodes
8

Production

Running time
60 minutes

Production company(s)
Love Productions

Release

Original network
BBC Two (2013)
BBC One (2015)

Picture format
16:9

Original release
21 January 2013 (2013-01-21) – 4 March 2015 (2015-03-04)

text: Series 1 (2013)[edit]

text:
Episode No.
Signature Challenge
Technical Challenge
Showstopper Challenge
Contestants
Airdate
Viewers
(millions)

1
Shortbread
Custard Slices
Portrait Cake
Jo Brand
21 January 2013 (2013-01-21)
4.17

Stephen K. Amos

Lorna Watson

Ingrid Oliver

2
Iced Biscuits
Bakewell Tart
Gateaux
Warwick Davis
22 January 2013 (2013-01-22)
4.44

Duncan Bannatyne

Simon Reeve

Andy Akinwolere

3
Scones
Chocolate Eclairs
Novelty Cake
Ellie Simmonds
23 January 2013 (2013-01-23)
4.34

Kirsty Wark

Julia Bradbury

Bob Mortimer

4
Chocolate Biscuits
Lemon Meringue Pie
Comic Relief Birthday Cake
Claudia Winkleman
24 January 2013 (2013-01-24)
4.39

Ed Byrne

Martha Kearney

Helen Glover

text: Series 2 (2015)[edit]

text:
Episode No.
Guest host
Signature Challenge
Technical Challenge
Showstopper Challenge
Contestants
Airdate
Viewers
(millions)

1
Sue Perkins
Giant Cookie or Biscuit
12 Mini Fruit Tarts
Tiered Chocolate Cake
Dame Edna Everage
11 February 2015 (2015-02-11)
7.75

Joanna Lumley

Jennifer Saunders

Lulu

2
Mel Giedroyc
24 cupcakes
20 profiteroles
Marble "Building" Cake
Jonathan Ross
18 February 2015 (2015-02-18)
8.39

Zoe Sugg

Gok Wan

Abbey Clancy

3
Jo Brand
24 Shortbread
6 Mini Pork Pies
Triple-tiered Pavlova
Sarah Brown
25 February 2015 (2015-02-25)
7.92

David Mitchell

Michael Sheen

Jameela Jamil

4
Ed Byrne
Tray Bake
12 Crumpets
Vegetable Self Portrait Cake
Alexa Chung
4 March 2015 (2015-03-04)
8.21

Victoria Wood

Chris Moyles

Kayvan Novak

text: The Great Stand Up to Cancer Bake Off[edit]

text:
The Great Stand Up to Cancer Bake Off

Genre

Cooking
Baking

Presented by

Sandi Toksvig
Noel Fielding

Judges

Prue Leith
Paul Hollywood

Country of origin
United Kingdom

Original language(s)
English

No. of series
1

No. of episodes
5

Production company(s)
Love Productions

Release

Original network
Channel 4

Picture format
16:9

Original release
6 March 2018 – present

text: Series 1 (2018)[edit]

text:
Episode No.
Signature Challenge
Technical Challenge
Showstopper Challenge
Contestants
Airdate
Viewers
(millions)

1

Harry Hill
6 March 2018

Martin Kemp

Roisin Conaty

Bill Turnbull


document_title: Indian High Courts Act 1861

question_text: who appoints the high court judge of india

text: Indian High Courts Act 1861

text: Abolishing Existing Courts[edit]

text: The Act abolished the Supreme Courts at Calcutta, Madras, and Bombay; the Sadar Diwani Adalat and the Sadar Nizamat Adalat at Calcutta; Sadar Adalat and Faujdari Adalat at Madras; Sadar Diwani Adalat and Faujdari Adalat at Bombay (§8).

text: Qualifications of High Court Judges[edit]

text: Each High Court could consist of a chief justice and up to 15 judges. Under §3 of the Act, judges could be selected from barristers (with 5 years of experience), civil servants (with 10 years of experience including 3 years as a zillah judge), judges of small cause courts or sudder ameen (with 5 years of experience), or pleaders of lander courts or High Courts (with 05 years of experience).

text: The High Court of a State is the highest court of the State and all other courts of the State work under it. Normally there is one High Court in every State but there can be only one High Court for two or more States as well, according to the constitution. There is one High Court at Chandigarh for Punjab, Haryana and Union Territory of Chandigarh. Similarly there is one High Court at Guwahati which serves Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, Mizoram and Nagaland.

text: Composition:

text: In every High Court, there is a Chief Justice and many other judges whose number is defined by the President of India.

text: Appointment of the Judges: The Chief Justice of a High Court is appointed by the President with the consultation of the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court and the Governor of the State. The other judges are appointed by the will of President, Governor and the Chief Justice of High Court.

text: Qualifications for the Judges

text: (a) He should be a citizen of India.

text: (b) He should have been (I) a judge for 10 years of Subordinate court under the Judicial Service of the State or (ii) an Advocate for 10 years in a High Courts in India (Article 217).

text: Tenure: Originally the age of the retirement of the judges of the High Courts was fixed at 60 but it was raised to 62 in 1963 according to the 15th amendment of the Constitution.

text: Removal of the Judges: A judge may leave his office by resigning. He will send his letter of resignation to the President. His office would be considered to have been vacated if he is appointed as a judge of the Supreme Court or is transferred to some other High Court. A judge of a High Court may also be removed like a judge of the Supreme Court. A judge of High Court may be removed by the President if the Parliament passes a motion against him by an absolute majority and 2/3rd majority of the members present and voting, both the Houses sitting separately.

text: Salary:

text: The pay of the Chief Justice of a High Court is rupees 90,000/- per month and that of the other judges is rupees 85,000/- per month.

text: Powers and Functions

text: Original Jurisdiction:

text: The original jurisdiction of the High Court is restricted.

text: (a) Every High Court under Article 226 is empowered to issue writs, orders, directions including writs in the nature of Habeas Corpus, Mandamus, Prohibition, Quo-warranto and Certiorari or any of them to any person or authority with in its territory for the enforcement of the Fundamental Rights and for any other purpose.

text: (b) The original jurisdiction of High Court extends to matters of admiralty, matrimonial, contempt of court and cases ordered to be transferred to High Court by lower court.

text: (c) The High Courts of Mumbai, Kolkata and Chennai have original jurisdiction on hearing straightway cases involving the Christians and Parsies.

text: (d) The High Courts of Mumbai, Kolkata and Chennai exercise original civil jurisdiction when the amount involved is more than two thousand rupees.

text: Appellate Jurisdiction:

text: The appellate jurisdiction of the High Courts extends so:

text: (a) The High Court can hear appeals in civil cases if the amount involved in the case is at least Rs. 5000.

text: (b) The High Court in criminal cases hears the appeal in which the accused has been sentenced to four years imprisonment by the Sessions Judge. v

text: (c) The death sentence awarded by Sessions Judge is subject to approval by the High Court.

text: (d) The High Court hear the cases involving interpretation of the Constitution or Law.

text: (e) The High Court hears the cases on income tax, sales tax etc.

text: Power of Judicial Review:

text: The States High Courts like the Supreme Court has the power of Judicial Review. A High Court has the power to strike down any law of the State or any order of the executive if it violates any provision of the constitution or curtails or takes any of the Fundamental Rights of the people.

text: Administrative and Supervisory Power:

text: The State High Court performs many administrative functions within its Territorial Jurisdiction. It exercises the power of superintendence and control over all courts and tribunals throughout the territory except the military tribunals.

text: Judicial Tenure and Seniority[edit]

text: Under §5 of the Act, judges served at the pleasure of Her Majesty. The chief justice had precedence over judges, whereas judges had seniority based on appointment. Under §14, the chief justice had the power to form divisions of two or more judges to hear cases.

text: Jurisdiction[edit]

text: Under article 9 of the Act, each High Court had "all such powers and authority for and in relation to the administration of justice" including original and appellate jurisdiction over civil, criminal, admiralty, vice-admiralty, testamentary, intestate, and matrimonial matters.