document_title: Hotel Transylvania 2

question_text: who plays jonathan's mom in hotel transylvania 2

question_tokens: who plays jonathan 's mom in hotel transylvania 2

text: Hotel Transylvania 2

text: Plot[edit]

text: Seven years after the first film,[10] Mavis (Selena Gomez) and her new fiancé Johnny (Andy Samberg) are finally married, with the approval of her father Dracula (Adam Sandler), and the world becomes aware of (and unfazed by) the existence of monsters. Mavis later reveals to Drac that she is pregnant and a year later, she gives birth to a baby boy named Dennis (Asher Blinkoff), who later befriends Wayne's daughter Winnie (who has a crush on Dennis) (Sadie Sandler). Nearing his fifth birthday, Dennis has yet to grow his fangs and Drac worries that his grandson might not gain vampire powers. Noticing the dangers of Transylvania, Mavis starts to consider raising Dennis where Johnny grew up, much to Drac's disapproval.

text: Drac tells Johnny (who does not want to leave the hotel either) to bring Mavis to California to visit his parents, Mike (Nick Offerman) and Linda (Megan Mullally), but to make sure to keep her distracted so that she will not move, leaving Drac to "babysit" Dennis. Drac enlists his friends, Frank (Kevin James), Wayne the Werewolf (Steve Buscemi), Griffin the Invisible Man (David Spade), Murray the Mummy (Keegan-Michael Key) and Blobby the Blob (Jonny Solomon) to help train Dennis to become a monster, to no avail.

text: Drac takes Dennis to his childhood summer camp, Camp Winnepacaca, where he learned to hone his vampire abilities and discovers that the camp is safer than it was when he went there. Drac stubbornly believes Dennis is a "late fanger", so he hurls Dennis from a tall, unstable tower to pressure the boy's transformation into a bat. Dennis does not transform, and Dracula has to fly and rescue him at the last second. The stunt is filmed by the campers and uploaded to the Internet, which eventually reaches Mavis and Johnny.

text: Mavis angrily transforms into a bat to fly her and Johnny back to Transylvania. Drac and his friends reach the hotel a couple of seconds after Mavis. She confronts her father for putting Dennis in grave danger and his inability to accept that he is human. She states she will move out of the hotel after Dennis' fifth birthday the following Wednesday. Drac hangs his head with deep guilt.

text: Mavis invites Vlad (Mel Brooks), her grandfather and Drac's father, to Dennis' birthday party. As Vlad is much worse than he was when it comes to humans, Drac tells Johnny to have the human party-goers disguise themselves as monsters. Vlad receives the invitation and arrives with his monstrous bat-like servant Bela (Rob Riggle) to meet his great-grandson for the first time. Meeting him, he believes that fear will cause Dennis' fangs to sprout and possesses a stage performer dressed as Dennis's favorite television monster, "Kakie the Cake Monster", to scare Dennis, but Drac shields his grandson at the last moment and exposes the deception to Vlad, who is outraged that Drac has accepted humans as guests in his hotel. Drac confronts his father about how humans are different now. Mavis becomes upset with her grandfather's behavior.

text: While the family argues, Dennis sadly flees the hotel and enters the forest with Winnie in tow, hiding in her treehouse. They are attacked by Bela, who mistakes Dennis for a human. When Bela injures Winnie and threatens to destroy the hotel, Dennis' anger causes him to instantly grow his fangs and his vampire abilities manifest. He begins to fight Bela, who calls his giant-bat minions. Drac, Mavis, Dennis, Johnny, the rest of the monsters and Johnny's family team up to defeat his minions. A livid Bela then attempts to kill Johnny himself with a stake. Having been won over by Drac's claim that humans are harmless now, Vlad shrinks Bela and tells him never to bother his family again. Bela then flees.

text: With Dennis having vampire abilities, Mavis and Johnny continue to raise him in Transylvania, and they resume the party with his friends.

text: Voice cast[edit]

text:
Adam Sandler as Count Dracula, the 539-year-old[10] founder, owner and hotel manager of Hotel Transylvania, Mavis' father, and Dennis's grandfather.
Andy Samberg as Jonathan "Johnny" Loughran, a 28-year-old[10] human, Mavis's husband, Dracula's son-in-law, and Dennis's father.[12]
Selena Gomez as Mavis D. Loughran, Dennis's vampire mother, Dracula's 125-year-old[10][13] vampire daughter, and Johnny's wife.[14][4]
Asher Blinkoff as Dennis Loughran ("Dennisovitch"), Mavis and Johnny's five-year-old[4] son.[15]

Sunny Sandler as baby Dennis[16]

Kevin James as Frank/Frankenstein[14]
Steve Buscemi as Wayne, a werewolf.[14]
David Spade as Griffin the Invisible Man[17]
Keegan-Michael Key as Murray, a mummy.[14] He was previously voiced by CeeLo Green in the first movie.
Mel Brooks as Vlad, Dracula's father and Mavis' grandfather.[14]
Fran Drescher as Eunice, the wife of Frankenstein.[14]
Molly Shannon as Wanda, a werewolf and Wayne's wife.[18]
Nick Offerman as Michael "Mike" Loughran, Johnny's father,[19] and Mavis's father-in-law.
Megan Mullally as Linda Loughran, Johnny's mother,[19] and Mavis's mother-in-law.
Dana Carvey as Dana,[16] the vampire camp director.
Rob Riggle as Bela,[16] Vlad's bat-like servant.
Jonny Solomon as Blobby,[16] a green blob monster.
Chris Kattan as Kakie,[16] a cake monster from Dennis' favorite television series.
Jon Lovitz as The Phantom of the Opera,[16] Hotel Transylvania's residential musician.
Robert Smigel as Marty,[16] a pink gill-man and Harry Three-Eye, a monster magician.
Luenell as Shrunken Heads.
Sadie Sandler as Winnie,[16] the werewolf daughter of Wayne and Wanda, and Dennis' best friend.
Paul Brittain as Pandragora, an easygoing monster with tentacled hair that lives in Santa Cruz.
Nick Swardson as Kelsey, a bearded man who is Mike and Linda's neighbor.
Chris Parnell as Fly
Doug Dale as Kal, a Mini-Mart worker in Santa Cruz.
Ethan Smigel as Troy, Dennis' uncle and one of Johnny's younger brothers.

text: Production[edit]

text: Director Genndy Tartakovsky commented about the possibility of the sequel in October 2012, "Everyone is talking about it, but we haven't started writing it. There are a lot of fun ideas we could totally play with. It's a ripe world."[21] The next month it was announced that a sequel had been greenlit, and was scheduled for release on September 25, 2015.[22] On March 12, 2014, it was announced that Tartakovsky would return to direct the sequel, even though he was originally too busy due to his developing an adaptation of Popeye,[23][24] which would later get shelved.

text: It was suggested by director Genndy Tartakovsky that Adam Sandler had more creative control over this film than its predecessor and that at times he was difficult to work with.[25]

text: Music[edit]

text: In March 2015, it was announced that Mark Mothersbaugh, who scored the first film, had signed on to score the sequel.[2]

text: American girl group Fifth Harmony recorded a song for the film entitled "I'm in Love with a Monster". It was featured in the film's official trailer and was also played when the film itself was released.[26]

text: Release[edit]

text: Columbia Pictures released the film in the United States on September 25, 2015.

text: Home media[edit]

text: Hotel Transylvania 2 was released on DVD and Blu-ray (2D and 3D) on January 12, 2016, by Sony Pictures Home Entertainment. The film was also released in Digital HD on December 22, 2015.[27]

text: Reception[edit]

text: Box office[edit]

text: Hotel Transylvania 2 has grossed $169.7 million in North America and $303.5 million in other territories, for a worldwide total of $473 million, against a budget of $80 million.[7] Deadline.com calculated the net profit of the film to be $159.48 million, when factoring together all expenses and revenues for the film.[28]

text: Predictions for the opening of Hotel Transylvania 2 in North America were continuously revised upwards, starting from $35—$48 million.[29][30][31] Hotel Transylvania 2 earned $13.3 million from 3,754 theaters on its opening day in North America, which was the second-biggest Friday opening day in September, behind Insidious Chapter 2 ($20.3 million).[32] During its opening weekend, Hotel Transylvania 2 earned $48.5 million from 3,754 theaters, which at the time set new records such as the highest opening for a Sony Pictures Animation film, the biggest opening in Adam Sandler's career, beating 2005's The Longest Yard ($47.6 million),[33][34] and previously held the biggest opening in the month of September (record overtaken by It in 2017). Regarding the film's successful opening, Josh Greenstein, Sony's president of marketing said, "We had a great date, and this is a big win for Sony Pictures Animation."[35] The largest demographic of the opening weekend audience was under the age of 25 (60%) and female (59%), followed by male (41%), 25 and over (40%) and kids (38%).[36] According to Rentrak's PostTrak reports, 23% of the audience bought tickets because it was an animated film, while 16% were attracted to the toon's subject matter and plot.[36]

text: Hotel Transylvania 2 was released in a total of 90 countries.[37] It was released in 42 markets between September 25 and 27, 2015, the same weekend as its North American release, and earned $30.18 million from 6,500 screens that weekend. Its overall rank for the weekend was second, behind Everest.[38] Its opening weekends in the U.K., Ireland and Malta ($9.5 million including previews), Mexico ($7.84 million), South Korea ($4.2 million), Russia and the CIS ($6 million), Germany ($3.9 million), Italy ($3.7 million) and France and Spain ($3.2 million respectively) in October represented its largest takings.[37][38][39][40][41] In China, it opened with an estimated $12.1 million debuting at second place behind the Chinese local film The Witness which grossed $18.5 million. While the China figures are low in comparison to recent Hollywood movie openings, it actually excelled the first film's local lifetime gross by 19% in just the first six days.[42] In terms of total earnings, its largest market outside of North America is the U.K. ($29.4 million) followed by Mexico ($23.7 million) and Venezuela ($19.9 million).[43][44]

text: Critical reception[edit]

text: On Rotten Tomatoes, the film received a rating of 55%, based on 100 reviews, with an average rating of 5.2/10. The site's consensus states: "Hotel Transylvania 2 is marginally better than the original, which may or may not be enough of a recommendation to watch 89 minutes of corny, colorfully animated gags from Adam Sandler and company."[45] On Metacritic, the film has a score of 44 out of 100, based on 24 critics, indicating "mixed or average reviews".[46] In CinemaScore polls, audiences gave the film an average grade of "A-" on an A+ to F scale.[30]

text: Max Nicholson of IGN awarded it a score of 6.5 out of 10, saying "While Genndy Tartakovsky's animation is top-notch, Hotel Transylvania 2 doesn't live up to the first monster mash."[47] Nick Schager of Variety gave the film a negative review, saying "Its plot comes across as just a rickety skeleton designed to prop up Sandler and company's litany of cornball punchlines and gags, only a few of which cleverly play off of these characters' iconography"[48] Alonso Duralde of The Wrap gave the film a positive review, saying "Whereas the jokes in the Grown Ups series feel reactionary and bullying, the family-friendly Hotel Transylvania gags instead come off as clever and humane, even when they're making fun of helicopter moms and lawsuit-sensitive summer camps."[49] Stephen Whitty of the Newark Star-Ledger gave the film one and a half stars out of four, saying "Great movies like ParaNorman and Frankenweenie showed the laughs you could get out of funny fiends; Hotel Transylvania 2 just digs up a few corny gags."[50] Bruce Demara of the Toronto Star gave the film two and a half stars out of four, saying "While the first Hotel Trans had humour for both younger and older audiences, this one will likely fall short in its appeal to adults, although there's plenty for the little monsters to enjoy."[51]

text: Peter Hartlaub of the San Francisco Chronicle gave the film one out of four stars, saying "Hotel Transylvania 2 is an unfortunate throwback to about 20 years ago, when animated movies were more widely accepted as cinematic babysitters."[52] Sandie Angulo Chen of The Washington Post gave the film two out of four stars, saying "Tartakovsky hasn't created the sort of sequel that eclipses the original, but then again the original wasn't exactly Toy Story or How to Train Your Dragon."[53] Jesse Hassenger of The A.V. Club gave the film a C+, saying "It's an episodic, energetically animated gag factory from the pen of Adam Sandler, and while it's the best screenplay to bear his name in years, it also warps some overfamiliar family-movie concerns until they become unavoidable in their ickiness."[54] Michael Rechtshaffen of The Hollywood Reporter gave the film a positive review, saying "This time around, greater attention has been paid to story and character development (while scaling back on all the sight gags) and the substantial results give the ample voice cast and returning director Genndy Tartakovsky more to sink their teeth into, with pleasing results."[55] Josh Kupecki of The Austin Chronicle gave the film one out of five stars, saying "Channeling your inner child, you may find solace in Hotel Transylvania 2, but in the end it has no bite, doing continued disservice to the Universal monsters it scabs out, and adding another soiled feather to Sandler’s cap of mediocrity."[56]

text: Accolades[edit]

text:
List of awards and nominations

Award
Date of ceremony
Category
Recipient(s)
Result
Ref(s)

Annie Awards
February 6, 2016
Outstanding Animated Effects in an Animated Production
Chris Logan, Brian Casper, Gavin Baxter and William Eckroat
Nominated
[57]

Outstanding Character Design in an Animated Production
Craig Kellman and Stephen DeStefano
Nominated

Outstanding Storyboarding in an Animated Production
Mike Smukavic
Nominated

British Academy Children's Awards
November 20, 2016
BAFTA Kids' Vote
Hotel Transylvania 2
Nominated
[58][59]

Kids' Choice Awards
March 12, 2016
Favorite Voice From an Animated Movie
Selena Gomez
Nominated
[60]

Favorite Animated Movie
Hotel Transylvania 2
Won

People's Choice Awards
January 6, 2016
Favorite Animated Movie Voice
Adam Sandler
Nominated
[61]

Selena Gomez
Won

Favorite Family Film
Hotel Transylvania 2
Nominated

Teen Choice Awards
July 31, 2016
Choice Music: Song from a Movie or TV Show
"I'm in Love with a Monster" by Fifth Harmony
Won
[62]

Visual Effects Society Awards
February 2, 2016
Outstanding Visual Effects in an Animated Feature
Alan Hawkins, Karl Herbst, Skye Lyons, Genndy Tartakovsky
Nominated
[63]

text: Sequel[edit]

text: Michelle Murdocca, the film's producer, said before the film's release that the studio was "talking about number 3 and moving forward and taking the franchise to the next level."[64] On November 2, 2015, it was announced Hotel Transylvania 3 will be released on September 21, 2018.[65] Despite previously leaving the series to direct other projects, Genndy Tartakovsky will return as director for this installment.[66] According to Tartakovsky, he returned after he got an inspiration from a "miserable" family vacation.[67][68] Adam Sandler, Selena Gomez, and Andy Samberg will also reprise their previous roles as Dracula, Mavis and Johnny in the film, which is being written by Austin Powers writer Michael McCullers.[66] The film will take place aboard a cruise ship.[67] On February 6, 2017, the release date was moved up to July 13, 2018.[11]


document_title: Wool bale

question_text: how many sheep to make a bale of wool

question_tokens: how many sheep to make a bale of wool

root

text: Wool bale

text: Wool packs[edit]

text: Packaging of wool has not changed much for centuries except that the early wool packs were made from jute, prior to the use of synthetic fibres. Jute packs were relatively heavy, weighing several kilograms each. In the 1960s polypropylene and high-density polyethylene (HDPE) packs were manufactured and used to make wool bales. Loose fibres from these packs caused contamination of the wool in the bale and led to nylon becoming the regulation fabric used in Australia,[1] In South Africa woven paper was tested but discontinued in 1973 due to poor wet strength and high cost.[2] Regulation standard white nylon packs now have a 280 mm (11 in) label sewn onto the top flap of the wool pack for inclusion of the farm brand, wool description, bale number, woolclasser stencil number and bin code. Each bale of wool packs contains 50 packs that measure 70 cm × 70 cm (27.6 in × 27.6 in) x 98 cm (38.6 in) and have 46 cm (18.1 in) flaps.[3]

tag: p

text: History[edit]

text: Very early wool presses were made from wood boards and had a wire winch mechanism to compress the wool and also hollow logs where the wool was tramped into a pack. During the late 19th century various forms of wooden wool press became the standard. Most popular models were the Koerstz and the Ferrier. The Koerstz was a smaller press than the Ferrier. The Ferrier press was manufactured under license by Humble & Nicholson (later Humble & Sons), Geelong, Victoria, and they had sold 2,000 presses between about 1871 and 1918. These presses were distributed throughout Australia, but were also sent overseas to New Zealand, South America, and North Africa.[4] The steel Ajax wool presses were also used. Woolpressing with a manual woolpress was hard, tiring work that required tramping the wool into a box and then pressing it further with a manually operated lever activated cable. Nowadays power operated, self-pinning wool presses with inbuilt scales have made a major contribution to shearing shed productivity.[2]

text: Wool bales have been transported by camel, horse teams, bullock wagons, paddle steamer, boats and later by rail and trucks.[5]

text: Method[edit]

text: Pressing and branding are typically carried out by a woolpresser in the larger shearing sheds.[6] In small sheds, the pressing may be done by the woolclasser, wool handler or sheep owner. A woolpresser may perform the combined duties of woolpressing and penning up the sheep for the shearers. The latter arrangement means less interruption to the flow of the wool across the table and into the wool bins.[5]

text: The woolclasser oversees the duties of the woolpresser during the entire shearing. The presser ensures that the wool pack is free of any contaminants before he places it into the wool press and secures it there. He then carries the wool from the selected wool bin, removing any contamination, before placing it into the press.[5]

text: It takes about 60 skirted fleeces to fill a wool bale, depending on the size and age of the sheep. The presser closes the bale with four internal and five external metal bale fasteners, before weighing the bale, if the press does not have an inbuilt scale. Bales should weigh between 110 kg (243 lb) and 204 kg (450 lb), unless the wool is under 18.6 microns, in which case they may be a minimum gross weight of 90 kg (198 lb). Bales that weigh less than 110 kg (243 lb) are known as a butt and those over 204 kg (450 lb) will not be sold at auction without repacking at the vendor’s expense. The maximum wool bale length is 1.25 metres (49.2 inches). Overlong bales may create problems with over wide loads when trucking, in brokers' stores and in the jamming of dumping equipment.[7]The presser is responsible for completing the wool book and then branding the bale head and face with the owner’s brand, contents description, number and wool classer ID. [3]

text: Purpose[edit]

text: This section does not cite any sources. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (September 2011) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

tag: table

text: Following shearing at the farm, woollen fleeces are placed together in "sheets", that is to say large sacks containing about 20 rolled fleeces each. These sheets are bulky yet are light (weighing about 60 kg or 132 lb) and convenient for the small famer to transport to his local wool collection centre. Here they are opened for grading and sorting into one of several dozen different qualities, based on breed of sheep, which dictates fineness of wool, and physical condition of the wool, for example damp dirty or stained fleeces will be graded lowly.[citation needed]

text: Once a sufficient volume of fleeces of a particular grade has filled a grading bin, the wool is compressed into a bale by a packing machine, producing a single bale equivalent to the capacity of some 5 1/2 wool sheets, a weight of 330 kg (728 lb). Such bales are most economical for shipping purposes, but clearly require mechanised lifting equipment.[citation needed]

text: The collection process for wool in England has remained the same for many centuries. Shepherds brought their fleeces to a local collection point, for example Chipping Camden for wool from the Cotswolds, where it would be graded, paid for, consolidated into bales, sold to wholesalers and shipped to the manufacturer. The existence of bales in ancient times is attested by the custom of the English Lord Chancellor to sit on the so-called Woolsack from which he presides over the House of Lords. This seat is therefore not in reality a "sack", in which the shepherds probably brought 20 or so fleeces, probably two per mule, being the equivalent of today's "sheet", but is rather a bale, compacted by the weight of human feet at the merchant's premises.[citation needed]

text: Sale of wool[edit]

text: Most Australian wool is sold at auction sales in Sydney, Melbourne, Newcastle, and Fremantle which are conducted by the Australian Wool Exchange (AWEX). There are about 80 brokers and agents throughout Australia.[2]

text: After transportation by rail or road to the woolbroker’s store, each wool bale’s brand is carefully inspected to see that it corresponds with the classer’s report. It is then weighed by sworn weighers (this weight is marked on the bale and recorded and is the basis on which buyers are invoiced), and then core sampled. This sample will then be tested for micron, yield and vegetable matter as a minimum. Wool that is to be sold by sample has a minimum of one grab, of a specified weight, taken from each bale and a minimum of 20 grabs, from each lot. Specialty wool is often traditionally displayed in original wool bales with the test results displayed. Wool not sold by the traditional display system will be directed to various parts in the warehouse for stacking and storing. An index is maintained showing the location of all bales so that, when their turn of offering-which is based on the equitable method of order of receipt into store approaches, they may be easily found.[2]

text: The sale's programme in all centres is arranged, in the first place, by the National Council of Wool Selling Brokers after consultation with the buyers' organisations. Later, state allocation committees attend to details, such as individual sale dates and the quantity of wool to be offered by each broker in each series of sales at the centres concerned.[8]

text: The traditionally displayed bales of wool on the floor are opened for examination by the brokers, buyers and wool growers. The sale by sample lots will have their grab samples displayed in boxes across the show floor. Catalogues are prepared by the woolbroker which list all test and other details of each lot of wool.[2]

text: A valuation of every lot, based on current market rates, is also made by the brokers' staff, this being used by the growers as a guideline for the subsequent auction. The lots are sold by nominating each lot in turn and it is sold by open cry auction.

text: After the wool is sold at auction the bales are usually “dumped” i.e. compressed to a higher density, still in the original wool bale, for shipment to overseas mills. Three bales that have been dumped and secured with a metal band are known as a “tri pack”.[2]


document_title: Krispy Kreme operations by country

question_text: when did krispy kreme open in the philippines

text: Krispy Kreme operations by country

text: Krispy Kreme locations map[edit]

text: Australia[edit]

text: The Australian franchise agreement also covers New Zealand however currently there are no store locations there. On October 29, 2010, the Australian division went into voluntary administration, with media reports attributing this to poor sales.[1] As a result of this administration, several stores closed in early November 2010. As of December 2010, they have come out of Administration, and have continued trading with their remaining stores in the states of New South Wales, Queensland and Victoria. With hour long waits during the opening of their drive-through restaurants, and to this day, a free hot Original Glazed doughnut is offered to every customer making a purchase. The Australian chain has a strong fundraising program which has helped schools, workplaces, charities and non-profit organisations to raise over 10 million dollars to date. Also, unique to Australia[citation needed], is a range of ice creams. A number of Australian stores have also started selling a Bakery range, including sandwiches, croissants, muffins etc.[citation needed]. Krispy Kreme announced partnership with 7-Eleven in December 2011, and their products are currently sold in all 600 7-Eleven stores within Australia.[2]

text: New South Wales[edit]

text: Krispy Kreme first opened in Australia in 2003 in Penrith, 60 km west of Sydney, just off Mulgoa Road in the Penrith Panthers Football Club complex. It was the first store in the world outside the United States. The store used to offer a 24-hour drive-through service. Before opening they gave away 300,000 free doughnuts for publicity.

text: Since then, ten Krispy Kreme stores have opened in NSW. They now have multiple stores inside Sydney Airport, as well as Krispy Kreme Mascot located at 7 Ross Smith Avenue, adjacent to the airport. Also Krispy Kreme Liverpool. Both of these store have 24-hour drive-thru. Other stores in NSW include Auburn (on parramatta road), and a small store at central station.

text: Queensland[edit]

text: Krispy Kreme has two stores in Brisbane; the Brisbane Airport and in the Myer Centre, although many mini-stores or 'carts' are in various service centres along major roads. At some major BP gas stations, Krispy Kreme is annexed with Wild Bean Coffee and they even have deals combining products from both chains. The most recent Krispy Kreme outlet in Queensland opened at Pacific Fair, Broadbeach, on the Gold Coast. The Albert Street store in Brisbane closed down leaving the Myer Centre store the only Krispy Kreme store in the Brisbane CBD. The stores are supplied by daily deliveries of doughnuts cooked at the commissary facility in Logan, south of Brisbane.

text: Victoria[edit]

text: Few Krispy Kreme stores remain in operation in Melbourne. The first store opened on June 22, 2006, at 6:30 am[3] in the suburb of Narre Warren at Fountain Gate Shopping Centre, and features a 24-hour drive-through service. Though most store-locations outside of Australia usually operate with a long schedule including both early mornings and late nights, the twenty-four-hour operating model is unique to Sydney and Melbourne. The store is currently hugely popular amongst Melbournians, some of whom queued for several hours during the store's first few weeks running. The drive-through queue during this period was often over 500 metres long and has been controlled by hired security guards and Narre Warren police, who directed traffic and calmed customers. When the store first opened, people had waited for 3 days creating a drive through line over 2 kilometres long. The drive through line did not stop until about three weeks after the opening and the internal store was constantly forced to remove people from the building after closing hours[citation needed].

text: Krispy Kreme opened its second Melbourne store in the Central Business District on Collins Street. The store opened on September 26, 2006. Unlike the Fountain Gate store, doughnuts are not produced on site, but rather delivered many times during the day from both Fountain Gate and Dandenong. The Fountain Gate store is the only manufacturing (or factory) location in Victoria. A third store opened at Melbourne Central (and second CBD store) opened at on December 7, 2006, but had closed by early 2013. A store remains at Melbourne Airport along with another small outlet located on busy Swanston Street.

text: Krispy Kreme stores formerly operated at Chadstone Shopping Centre, Broadmeadows Shopping Centre, Westfield Knox, Eastland Shopping Centre, Crown Casino and Westfield Southland. All these stores closed in late 2010, due to Krispy Kreme Australia's voluntary administration.

text: Krispy Kreme are now also sold extensively via 7–11 stores in the Melbourne metropolitan area, where new stocks are delivered daily.

text: South Australia[edit]

text: Krispy Kreme opened its first store in South Australia in West Croydon on July 15, 2014. The South Australia stores are managed under the franchisee Peregrine Corporation which operate all stores in South Australia. Other stores locations include Gouger Street and James Place in the Central Business District where doughnuts are delivered daily from the West Croydon store, and the second factory location store is in Bolivar a suburb in Adelaides north, and on the 8th of June 2017 an Airport location was officially opened by working in conjunction with Qantas and Virgin crew sending out free boxes of donuts along the baggage pickup conveyor belt. Both West Croydon and Bolivar stores are 24/7 locations with factory and drive through.[4]

text: Western Australia[edit]

text: Krispy Kreme opened its first Perth store in Whitford City, Hillarys on November 26, 2014. The opening day broke the world record in Krispy Kreme purchases on a first day of trading with 73,200 doughnuts sold and was the most successful opening day in Krispy Kreme's 77-year history.[5] Krispy Kreme opened a second store in Myaree on July 3, 2015. Both Myaree and Whitford City store feature a drive-thru service with Whitford City drive-thru open 24/7. Krispy Kreme is also sold at the new 7-Eleven stores[6] and at selected Jesters stores in Western Australia where doughnuts are delivered daily from the Whitford City store.

text: Bahrain[edit]

text: Krispy Kreme opened at Bahrain in Seef Mall at September 30 and had over 300 customers on its first day.It has also opened at City Center and in Al-Jawad, Juffair.

text: Bangladesh[edit]

text: Eleven shops were opened in Banani, Jamuna Future Park (2 shops), Unimart (Gulshan), City Centre, Dhanmondi, CSD (Dhaka Cantonment), Meena Bazar (Dhanmondi), Agora (Adabor), Bashundhara City, Square Hospital (Panthapath) and Dhaka Airport of Dhaka as of 2017. The franchise is owned by Orion Group.

text: Canada[edit]

text: The company opened 18 stores which opened in Canada out of 32 planned. This has been reduced to six (three in Ontario, two in Quebec and one in British Columbia) as of July 2015.[7] Many of the doughnuts can also be found at locations such as Petro-Canada and Loblaws. The Canadian operations are managed under the franchisee Krispy K Canada of Toronto, Ontario.

text: Colombia[edit]

text: On September 25, 2013, Krispy Kreme announced their expansion into Colombia, the first South American country for the company. Krispy Kreme is set to open 25 stores in Colombia's major cities including Bogotá, Medellin, and Barranquilla in less than 5 years and jointly manage the planned stores with Bogotá-based IRCC Ltda., a subsidiary of the VA! Group.[8]

text: Dominican Republic[edit]

text: Krispy Kreme opened its first store in Dominican territory at the Winston Churchill Avenue in Santo Domingo in July 2010. It has been a popular place among Dominicans. Krispy Kreme Doughnut Corporation first franchisee store, with Dominspec, S.A. opened its first Krispy Kreme doughnut shop in the Dominican Republic on August 24, 2010. The first of a programmed 14 stores on the first phase of future expansion in the whole country. So far to date the franchise has opened 3 stores in the Santo Domingo area with another one slate to open later on 2012 in Santiago city.[9]

text: Hong Kong[edit]

text: Krispy Kreme Hong Kong opened their first store in Causeway Bay in September 2006. After that date they also opened another store located in Soho. Both stores sold special doughnuts produced to celebrate Halloween. These stores were franchise owned.

text: One original donut cost HK$10 while any other donut variety cost $12.

text: During the years of operation, Krispy Kreme also delivered donuts around Hong Kong. Because of this many schools in Hong Kong did charity Krispy Kreme Sales.

text: A third Krispy Kreme store opened in December in Causeway Bay at Times Square. A fourth store opened in Mong Kok, the first outlet that was not on Hong Kong Island. Another branch opened in Discovery Bay. Krispy Kreme also opened two stores at the Hong Kong International Airport, one in the Arrivals hall of Terminal 1 and the other one in Terminal 2 ( Sky Plaza), however the store in Terminal 2 has since closed.

text: The Hong Kong franchisee of Krispy Kreme went into liquidation on October 27, 2008. The directors had tried to find a purchaser in the preceding 3–4 months, but were unsuccessful.[10]

text: The Hong Kong franchisee was formally put into liquidation when creditors met on November 12, 2008 and at present there are no longer any Krispy Kreme franchises open in Hong Kong.

text: India[edit]

text: Krispy Kreme, through franchisee Citymax Hotels India Ltd., opened its first store on January 19, 2013 in Bangalore, Karnataka. They opened another store, also in Bangalore, in The Forum Mall[11][12][13]

text: Indonesia[edit]

text: Up to 2013, Krispy Kreme has ten stores in Jakarta. At least seventeen more stores are scheduled to open over the next five years. The stores are located in Pondok Indah Mall 2, Senayan City, Plaza Senayan, Grand Indonesia, Mall Kelapa Gading 3, and Soekarno-Hatta Airport (Terminal 1A, 1B, 1C, 2D, 2F)[citation needed]

text: Japan[edit]

text: Krispy Kreme Doughnuts Japan operates 45 shops throughout the country as of September 2016.[14] Krispy Kreme opened their first store in Japan at Shinjuku Southern Terrace in Shibuya-ku, Tokyo on Friday December 15, 2006. The original glaze sells for 160 Japanese yen. Plans are in place to build around 50 stores in the Kantō region (which will all be franchise owned) in the next five years. [1]

text: Since opening, the store has seen hour long waits to get in, and in the first three days the store saw more than 10,000 customers.[15]

text: In the event of a long wait, this location is known for providing a free hot glazed donut to patrons waiting in the queue.

text: The second store in Japan opened October 12, 2007 with the Yurakucho ITOCiA complex in the Yūrakuchō district in Tokyo. The Krispy Kreme store is located on the first basement level and is expected to be a major draw for the new shopping center which is built on top of the Yurakucho station.[16]

text: Kuwait[edit]

text: The first Krispy Kreme in the Middle East opened in Kuwait's Marina World shopping complex in late November 2006. A second and larger branch opened at The Avenues shopping mall in early 2007.

text: Lebanon[edit]

text: Krispy Kreme operates more than 9 stores in Lebanon.

text: Malaysia[edit]

text: Three stores are opened in Malaysia as of 2014. One can be found at Sunway Pyramid Shopping Mall, Selangor. The other two outlets are located in Kuala Lumpur at Mid Valley Megamall and Berjaya Times Square.[17] As of September 2016, there are 13 stores.

text: Mexico[edit]

text: Krispy Kreme may have found success in their twenty-eight outlets in Mexico. Some Mexican Krispy Kreme locations can be found inside Walmart stores as in the USA.

text: Philippines[edit]

text: In November 2006, Krispy Kreme opened the flagship store in the Philippines. These stores are franchise owned like many others. The development deal for the franchise is awarded to the Real American Donut Company, Inc., a company owned and operated by the principals of Max's Restaurant. [2] The original franchise agreement is for 30 stores over the next five years.

text: The flagship store was officially opened on November 30, 2006 at the Bonifacio High Street in Bonifacio Global City, Taguig City.

text:
Metro Manila: (29)
North Luzon: (3)
South Luzon: (4)
Visayas: (4)
Mindanao: (5)

text:
Angeles City, Pampanga

Bonifacio Global City, Taguig

TriNoma, Quezon City

tag: ul

text: Russia[edit]

text: Three coffeeshops were opened in Moscow in 2013.

text: Singapore[edit]

text: Krispy Kreme began operations in Singapore on October 12, 2013 with their flagship store located at Tangs Orchard Basement 1.

text: It was brought into Singapore by Southeast Asian retailer and franchise partner Andy Chaw, owner and operator of Star360 Group. The Tangs Orchard store is the first of 15 stores expected to open in Singapore under the Star360 Group.[18]

text: The menu offers an assortment of iced, glazed, and filled doughnuts, as well as an array of premium coffees and espressos, teas and iced beverages.

text: At present, Krispy Kreme has 2 outlets in Singapore: the first at Tangs Orchard and the second at Raffles Place. The third is expected to open at Changi Airport Terminal 2.[19]

text: Prior to the opening of Krispy Kreme in Singapore, many Singaporeans, like many other citizens of other countries, had to carry dozens of Krispy Kreme doughnuts back to Singapore on their returning flights from neighboring countries.[citation needed]

text: The café opens daily from 8 am to 11 pm.

text: South Africa[edit]

text: In May 2015 it was announced that 31 Krispy Kreme stores will be opened in South Africa within the next 5 years. The decision marks the company's first venture into the African market. In November 2015 the first store opened in Rosebank, Johannesburg. This is the 800th store opened by Krispy Kreme and the first in Africa.

text: South Korea[edit]

text: Krispy Kreme entered their first Asian market in South Korea on December 16, 2004 at Sinchon-dong of Seoul. By their first year on 2005, Krispy Kreme was able to expand with four more stores,[20] and their location number boosted afterwards, with Jeonju getting their 100th milestone store in Korea, and the 300th Store in Asia on December 16, 2014- exactly ten years after their first opening.[21]

text: As of September 2016, 129 different stores services across the country, more than any other Asia-Pacific nations. Most of the stores are gathered within the northwestern Seoul/Gyeonggi regions (58 stores), and the southeastern Busan/Gyeongnam regions (21 stores). 25 of the stores across the country also exhibits the manufacturing of the donuts, dubbed the 'Donut Theatre' (도넛극장).[22]

text: Krispy Kreme Donuts is partnered with Lotte Company in Korea since 2010.[23]

text: Taiwan[edit]

text: Krispy Kreme is set to open its first Taiwan store at the Xinyi Vieshow Cinemas Complex in Xinyi District, Taipei on December 12, 2013.[24] It will be filling the vacuum of American donut chains left after the departure of Dunkin' Donuts in early 2013.

text: Thailand[edit]

text: Krispy Kreme opened a store at Siam Paragon in September 2010 and another store at Central Ladprao in August 2011 in Bangkok, Thailand. The popular shop of Krispy Kreme in Thailand is at Siam Paragon, Ratchaprasong, Pathumwan, Bangkok.

text: United Arab Emirates[edit]

text: Krispy Kreme opened operations in the United Arab Emirates on March 16, 2007 at the food court in Deira City Centre in Dubai.[25] Krispy Kreme has also opened stores in the Mall of the Emirates and Dubai Festival City, both in Dubai. The franchises are owned by the Americana Group. In late 2007 a new branch opened at Khalidiyah Mall in Abu Dhabi. Krispy Kreme also opened in Al Buhaira (Kornich Khalid) in Sharjah.The latest one opened in Ajman Corniche. also there is another one in Sharjah Industrial Area next to Al Darary Area.

text: United Kingdom[edit]

text: In October 2003 Krispy Kreme UK opened their first store at the Harrods department store in London, which closed in June 2011. Krispy Kreme currently separate their stores into three categories: Factory Stores that produce all fifteen doughnuts varieties, Hot Tunnels that have the equipment to add warm glaze to original glazed doughnuts that are produced elsewhere, and Fresh locations' that rely entirely on factory stores. The latter are also seen inside larger Tesco stores.

text: United States[edit]

text: Alabama[edit]

text: The popular Tuscaloosa franchise, just off the campus of the University of Alabama, was decimated in the unprecedented 4/27/11 tornado system that tore a 1.5 miles (2.4 km) wide gash through the heart of the college town, and remaining on the ground for a full 80 miles, stopping as far away as Birmingham.[26] The franchise reopened in August 2012 with much enthusiasm from the community as one of the earliest businesses to reopen in this devastated section of town.[27] Huntsville Also has one location, with the next closest location being in Florence, some 70 miles away.

text: Arizona[edit]

text: Krispy Kreme reentered the Arizona market when a new franchise reopened its East Mesa, Arizona, location on May 13, 2008. This location was purchased by Krispy Kreme after Rigel closed it in 2006. The new franchise owner, Dan Brinton, plans to eventually open four to five factory stores in the Phoenix market. These stores are planned to support 10 to 15 smaller non-factory stores that will only sell doughnuts and other products.[28]

text: California[edit]

text: In January 2006, Krispy Kreme terminated the donut license of Great Circle Family Foods LLC, alleging non-payment of required fees.[29] At the time, they were one of the largest franchisees, operating 28 stores in Southern California. Preceding this action was a financial dispute by Great Circle, culminating in their September lawsuit filed against Krispy Kreme. The lawsuit was settled in July 2006 and led to the reinstatement of Great Circle's license.[30]

text: On August 22, 2007, Great Circle Family Foods and some of its wholly owned subsidiaries filed for Chapter 11 Bankruptcy.[31] Great Circle emerged from Chapter 11 on July 6, 2009, and currently operates 11 stores in Southern California.[32]

text: New England[edit]

text: In 2002, Krispy Kreme opened its second store in New England in Newington, Connecticut. What followed was a period of aggressive expansion throughout the region; this included a Krispy Kreme at the Prudential Center in Boston, Massachusetts, which opened on April 15, 2004 and closed sixteen months later. Initially fueled by hype surrounding the opening of Krispy Kreme in New England, this regional expansion was followed by the closing of all but one store, at the Mohegan Sun casino in Uncasville. In January 2010 the Milford store, the first to open in the region, closed after a long decline in patronage. Some say that Krispy Kreme's coffee "left many locals unimpressed, a mortal sin in the joe-loving Hub."[33]

text: Krispy Kreme also opened one store in Cranston, Rhode Island in May 2003. It is now closed after receiving initial fanfare. This may be due to dominance of Dunkin' Donuts in the state.[34]

text: Nevada[edit]

text: After opening to great hype in 2000, the franchise in Reno closed suddenly on May 15, 2008. Without warning, employees were greeted with a sign on the door that morning saying "we apologize for any inconvenience." Rising fuel costs were cited as the primary reason for the closure.[35]

text: Puerto Rico[edit]

text: On May 6, 2008, the first store in Puerto Rico opened,[36] followed by two additional locations in 2010 and one additional location in 2011.[37]

text: Texas[edit]

text: In 2002, Krispy Kreme opened a restaurant-style store in the Amarillo area in Texas. Many thought that the local doughnut store was the reason the national chain closed, but this was not the case. The Amarillo Krispy Kreme closed on July 17, 2005.[38] Krispy Kreme Round Rock closed in 2009. However, shop 251 in Grapevine remains open, as well as two shops in El Paso and two more in Austin.


document_title: List of Game of Thrones episodes

question_text: how many shows are in season 7 of game of thrones

text: List of Game of Thrones episodes

text: Series overview[edit]

text:
Season
Episodes
Originally aired
Avg. viewers
(millions)

First aired
Last aired

1
10
April 17, 2011 (2011-04-17)
June 19, 2011 (2011-06-19)
2.52[14]

2
10
April 1, 2012 (2012-04-01)
June 3, 2012 (2012-06-03)
3.80[14]

3
10
March 31, 2013 (2013-03-31)
June 9, 2013 (2013-06-09)
4.97[15]

4
10
April 6, 2014 (2014-04-06)
June 15, 2014 (2014-06-15)
6.84[16]

5
10
April 12, 2015 (2015-04-12)
June 14, 2015 (2015-06-14)
6.88[17]

6
10
April 24, 2016 (2016-04-24)
June 26, 2016 (2016-06-26)
7.69[18]

7
7
July 16, 2017 (2017-07-16)
August 27, 2017 (2017-08-27)
10.26[19]

text: Episodes[edit]

text: Season 1 (2011)[edit]

text:
No.
overall
No. in
season
Title
Directed by
Written by
Original air date
U.S. viewers
(millions)

1
1
"Winter Is Coming"
Tim Van Patten
David Benioff & D. B. Weiss
April 17, 2011 (2011-04-17)
2.22[20]

2
2
"The Kingsroad"
Tim Van Patten
David Benioff & D. B. Weiss
April 24, 2011 (2011-04-24)
2.20[21]

3
3
"Lord Snow"
Brian Kirk
David Benioff & D. B. Weiss
May 1, 2011 (2011-05-01)
2.44[22]

4
4
"Cripples, Bastards, and Broken Things"
Brian Kirk
Bryan Cogman
May 8, 2011 (2011-05-08)
2.45[23]

5
5
"The Wolf and the Lion"
Brian Kirk
David Benioff & D. B. Weiss
May 15, 2011 (2011-05-15)
2.58[24]

6
6
"A Golden Crown"
Daniel Minahan
Story by : David Benioff & D. B. Weiss
Teleplay by : Jane Espenson and David Benioff & D. B. Weiss
May 22, 2011 (2011-05-22)
2.44[25]

7
7
"You Win or You Die"
Daniel Minahan
David Benioff & D. B. Weiss
May 29, 2011 (2011-05-29)
2.40[26]

8
8
"The Pointy End"
Daniel Minahan
George R. R. Martin
June 5, 2011 (2011-06-05)
2.72[27]

9
9
"Baelor"
Alan Taylor
David Benioff & D. B. Weiss
June 12, 2011 (2011-06-12)
2.66[28]

10
10
"Fire and Blood"
Alan Taylor
David Benioff & D. B. Weiss
June 19, 2011 (2011-06-19)
3.04[29]

text: Season 2 (2012)[edit]

text:
No.
overall
No. in
season
Title
Directed by
Written by
Original air date
U.S. viewers
(millions)

11
1
"The North Remembers"
Alan Taylor
David Benioff & D. B. Weiss
April 1, 2012 (2012-04-01)
3.86[30]

12
2
"The Night Lands"
Alan Taylor
David Benioff & D. B. Weiss
April 8, 2012 (2012-04-08)
3.76[31]

13
3
"What Is Dead May Never Die"
Alik Sakharov
Bryan Cogman
April 15, 2012 (2012-04-15)
3.77[32]

14
4
"Garden of Bones"
David Petrarca
Vanessa Taylor
April 22, 2012 (2012-04-22)
3.65[33]

15
5
"The Ghost of Harrenhal"
David Petrarca
David Benioff & D. B. Weiss
April 29, 2012 (2012-04-29)
3.90[34]

16
6
"The Old Gods and the New"
David Nutter
Vanessa Taylor
May 6, 2012 (2012-05-06)
3.88[35]

17
7
"A Man Without Honor"
David Nutter
David Benioff & D. B. Weiss
May 13, 2012 (2012-05-13)
3.69[36]

18
8
"The Prince of Winterfell"
Alan Taylor
David Benioff & D. B. Weiss
May 20, 2012 (2012-05-20)
3.86[37]

19
9
"Blackwater"
Neil Marshall
George R. R. Martin
May 27, 2012 (2012-05-27)
3.38[38]

20
10
"Valar Morghulis"
Alan Taylor
David Benioff & D. B. Weiss
June 3, 2012 (2012-06-03)
4.20[39]

text: Season 3 (2013)[edit]

text:
No.
overall
No. in
season
Title
Directed by
Written by
Original air date
U.S. viewers
(millions)

21
1
"Valar Dohaeris"
Daniel Minahan
David Benioff & D. B. Weiss
March 31, 2013 (2013-03-31)
4.37[40]

22
2
"Dark Wings, Dark Words"
Daniel Minahan
Vanessa Taylor
April 7, 2013 (2013-04-07)
4.27[41]

23
3
"Walk of Punishment"
David Benioff
David Benioff & D. B. Weiss
April 14, 2013 (2013-04-14)
4.72[42]

24
4
"And Now His Watch Is Ended"
Alex Graves
David Benioff & D. B. Weiss
April 21, 2013 (2013-04-21)
4.87[43]

25
5
"Kissed by Fire"
Alex Graves
Bryan Cogman
April 28, 2013 (2013-04-28)
5.35[44]

26
6
"The Climb"
Alik Sakharov
David Benioff & D. B. Weiss
May 5, 2013 (2013-05-05)
5.50[45]

27
7
"The Bear and the Maiden Fair"
Michelle MacLaren
George R. R. Martin
May 12, 2013 (2013-05-12)
4.84[46]

28
8
"Second Sons"
Michelle MacLaren
David Benioff & D. B. Weiss
May 19, 2013 (2013-05-19)
5.13[47]

29
9
"The Rains of Castamere"
David Nutter
David Benioff & D. B. Weiss
June 2, 2013 (2013-06-02)
5.22[48]

30
10
"Mhysa"
David Nutter
David Benioff & D. B. Weiss
June 9, 2013 (2013-06-09)
5.39[49]

text: Season 4 (2014)[edit]

text:
No.
overall
No. in
season
Title
Directed by
Written by
Original air date
U.S. viewers
(millions)

31
1
"Two Swords"
D. B. Weiss
David Benioff & D. B. Weiss
April 6, 2014 (2014-04-06)
6.64[50]

32
2
"The Lion and the Rose"
Alex Graves
George R. R. Martin
April 13, 2014 (2014-04-13)
6.31[51]

33
3
"Breaker of Chains"
Alex Graves
David Benioff & D. B. Weiss
April 20, 2014 (2014-04-20)
6.59[52]

34
4
"Oathkeeper"
Michelle MacLaren
Bryan Cogman
April 27, 2014 (2014-04-27)
6.95[53]

35
5
"First of His Name"
Michelle MacLaren
David Benioff & D. B. Weiss
May 4, 2014 (2014-05-04)
7.16[54]

36
6
"The Laws of Gods and Men"
Alik Sakharov
Bryan Cogman
May 11, 2014 (2014-05-11)
6.40[55]

37
7
"Mockingbird"
Alik Sakharov
David Benioff & D. B. Weiss
May 18, 2014 (2014-05-18)
7.20[56]

38
8
"The Mountain and the Viper"
Alex Graves
David Benioff & D. B. Weiss
June 1, 2014 (2014-06-01)
7.17[57]

39
9
"The Watchers on the Wall"
Neil Marshall
David Benioff & D. B. Weiss
June 8, 2014 (2014-06-08)
6.95[58]

40
10
"The Children"
Alex Graves
David Benioff & D. B. Weiss
June 15, 2014 (2014-06-15)
7.09[59]

text: Season 5 (2015)[edit]

text:
No.
overall
No. in
season
Title
Directed by
Written by
Original air date
U.S. viewers
(millions)

41
1
"The Wars to Come"
Michael Slovis
David Benioff & D. B. Weiss
April 12, 2015 (2015-04-12)
8.00[60]

42
2
"The House of Black and White"
Michael Slovis
David Benioff & D. B. Weiss
April 19, 2015 (2015-04-19)
6.81[61]

43
3
"High Sparrow"
Mark Mylod
David Benioff & D. B. Weiss
April 26, 2015 (2015-04-26)
6.71[62]

44
4
"Sons of the Harpy"
Mark Mylod
Dave Hill
May 3, 2015 (2015-05-03)
6.82[63]

45
5
"Kill the Boy"
Jeremy Podeswa
Bryan Cogman
May 10, 2015 (2015-05-10)
6.56[64]

46
6
"Unbowed, Unbent, Unbroken"
Jeremy Podeswa
Bryan Cogman
May 17, 2015 (2015-05-17)
6.24[65]

47
7
"The Gift"
Miguel Sapochnik
David Benioff & D. B. Weiss
May 24, 2015 (2015-05-24)
5.40[66]

48
8
"Hardhome"
Miguel Sapochnik
David Benioff & D. B. Weiss
May 31, 2015 (2015-05-31)
7.01[67]

49
9
"The Dance of Dragons"
David Nutter
David Benioff & D. B. Weiss
June 7, 2015 (2015-06-07)
7.14[68]

50
10
"Mother's Mercy"
David Nutter
David Benioff & D. B. Weiss
June 14, 2015 (2015-06-14)
8.11[69]

text: Season 6 (2016)[edit]

text:
No.
overall
No. in
season
Title
Directed by
Written by
Original air date
U.S. viewers
(millions)

51
1
"The Red Woman"
Jeremy Podeswa
David Benioff & D. B. Weiss
April 24, 2016 (2016-04-24)
7.94[70]

52
2
"Home"
Jeremy Podeswa
Dave Hill
May 1, 2016 (2016-05-01)
7.29[71]

53
3
"Oathbreaker"
Daniel Sackheim
David Benioff & D. B. Weiss
May 8, 2016 (2016-05-08)
7.28[72]

54
4
"Book of the Stranger"
Daniel Sackheim
David Benioff & D. B. Weiss
May 15, 2016 (2016-05-15)
7.82[73]

55
5
"The Door"
Jack Bender
David Benioff & D. B. Weiss
May 22, 2016 (2016-05-22)
7.89[74]

56
6
"Blood of My Blood"
Jack Bender
Bryan Cogman
May 29, 2016 (2016-05-29)
6.71[75]

57
7
"The Broken Man"
Mark Mylod
Bryan Cogman
June 5, 2016 (2016-06-05)
7.80[76]

58
8
"No One"
Mark Mylod
David Benioff & D. B. Weiss
June 12, 2016 (2016-06-12)
7.60[77]

59
9
"Battle of the Bastards"
Miguel Sapochnik
David Benioff & D. B. Weiss
June 19, 2016 (2016-06-19)
7.66[78]

60
10
"The Winds of Winter"
Miguel Sapochnik
David Benioff & D. B. Weiss
June 26, 2016 (2016-06-26)
8.89[79]

text: Season 7 (2017)[edit]

text:
No.
overall
No. in
season
Title
Directed by
Written by
Original air date
U.S. viewers
(millions)

61
1
"Dragonstone"
Jeremy Podeswa
David Benioff & D. B. Weiss
July 16, 2017 (2017-07-16)
10.11[80]

62
2
"Stormborn"
Mark Mylod
Bryan Cogman
July 23, 2017 (2017-07-23)
9.27[81]

63
3
"The Queen's Justice"
Mark Mylod
David Benioff & D. B. Weiss
July 30, 2017 (2017-07-30)
9.25[82]

64
4
"The Spoils of War"
Matt Shakman
David Benioff & D. B. Weiss
August 6, 2017 (2017-08-06)
10.17[83]

65
5
"Eastwatch"
Matt Shakman
Dave Hill
August 13, 2017 (2017-08-13)
10.72[84]

66
6
"Beyond the Wall"
Alan Taylor
David Benioff & D. B. Weiss
August 20, 2017 (2017-08-20)
10.24[85]

67
7
"The Dragon and the Wolf"
Jeremy Podeswa
David Benioff & D. B. Weiss
August 27, 2017 (2017-08-27)
12.07[86]

text: Home media releases[edit]

text:
Season
Episodes
DVD release date

Region 1
Region 2
Region 4

1
10
March 6, 2012[87]
March 5, 2012[88]
August 10, 2012[89]

2
10
February 19, 2013[90]
March 4, 2013[91]
March 6, 2013[92]

3
10
February 18, 2014[93]
February 17, 2014[94]
February 19, 2014[95]

4
10
February 17, 2015[96]
February 16, 2015[97]
February 18, 2015[98]

5
10
March 15, 2016[99]
March 14, 2016[100]
March 16, 2016[101]

6
10
November 15, 2016[102]
November 14, 2016[103]
November 16, 2016[104]

7
7
December 12, 2017[105]
December 11, 2017[106]
December 11, 2017[107]

text: Ratings[edit]

text:
Season
Ep. 1
Ep. 2
Ep. 3
Ep. 4
Ep. 5
Ep. 6
Ep. 7
Ep. 8
Ep. 9
Ep. 10
Average

1
2.22
2.20
2.44
2.45
2.58
2.44
2.40
2.72
2.66
3.04
2.52[108]

2
3.86
3.76
3.77
3.65
3.90
3.88
3.69
3.86
3.38
4.20
3.80[108]

3
4.37
4.27
4.72
4.87
5.35
5.50
4.84
5.13
5.22
5.39
4.97[109]

4
6.64
6.31
6.59
6.95
7.16
6.40
7.20
7.17
6.95
7.09
6.84[110]

5
8.00
6.81
6.71
6.82
6.56
6.24
5.40
7.01
7.14
8.11
6.88[111]

6
7.94
7.29
7.28
7.82
7.89
6.71
7.80
7.60
7.66
8.89
7.69[112]

7
10.11
9.27
9.25
10.17
10.72
10.24
12.07
N/A
10.26[113]


document_title: Cash and carry (World War II)

question_text: which 2 countries were able to participate in the cash and carry program

text: Cash and carry (World War II)

text:
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text: Cash and carry was a policy by US President Franklin Delano Roosevelt at a special session of the United States Congress on September 21, 1939, subsequent to the outbreak of war in Europe. It replaced the Neutrality Acts of 1936. The revision allowed the sale of materiel to belligerents, as long as the recipients arranged for the transport using their own ships and paid immediately in cash, assuming all risk in transportation.[citation needed] However, the sale of war materials was not allowed.

text: Though "Cash and Carry" concepts had been introduced in the Neutrality Act of 1936, it only pertained to materials that could not be used in war efforts, which allowed them to aid warring countries. Originally presented to Congress by Senator Key Pittman (D-NV) earlier in 1939, the bill was designed to replace the Neutrality Act of 1937, which had lapsed in May 1939.[1] The bill had been defeated repeatedly by the Senate and the House on more than one occasion as Isolationists feared that passing the bill would draw the US into the conflict in Europe. However, President Roosevelt felt that further help was needed in Europe after Germany invaded Poland in September 1939. The bill passed in late October, gaining approval from the House on November 5, 1939.[2] The President gave his signature the same day.

text: The purpose of this policy was to maintain neutrality between the United States and European countries while giving aid to Britain by allowing them to buy non war materials. Various policies, such as the Neutrality Acts of 1935, 1936, and 1937, forbade selling implements of war or lending money to belligerent countries under any terms. The U.S. economy was rebounding at this time, following the Great Depression, but there was still a need for industrial manufacturing jobs. The cash and carry program helped to solve this issue and in turn Great Britain benefited from the purchase goods.

text: This program also prevented US businesses interests backing the success or failure of any warring nation. Because of the conclusion of the Nye Committee, which asserted that United States involvement in World War I was driven by private interests from arms manufacturers, many Americans believed that investment in a belligerent would eventually lead to American participation in war.[citation needed]

text: U.S. shipping interests were forbidden from entering into conflict zones and US passengers traveling on foreign ships did so at their own risk.

text: The "cash and carry" legislation enacted in 1939 effectively ended the arms embargo that had been in place since the Neutrality Act of 1936. It paved the way for Lend-Lease.


document_title: Kellogg's

question_text: where did the name kellogg's come from

question_tokens: where did the name kellogg 's come from

text: Kellogg's

text: History[edit]

text: Kellogg's was founded as the Battle Creek Toasted Corn Flake Company on February 19, 1906, by Will Keith Kellogg as an outgrowth of his work with his brother John Harvey Kellogg at the Battle Creek Sanitarium following practices based on the Seventh-day Adventist Church. The company produced and marketed the hugely successful Kellogg's Toasted Corn Flakes and was renamed the Kellogg Company in 1922.[not verified in body]

text: In 1930, the Kellogg Company announced that most of its factories would shift towards 30-hour work weeks, from the usual 40.  W.K. Kellogg stated that he did this so that an additional shift of workers would be employed in an effort to support people through the depression era. This practice remained until World War II, and continued briefly after the war, although some departments and factories remained locked into 30-hour work weeks until 1980.[9]

text: From 1969 to 1977, Kellogg's acquired various small businesses including Salada Foods, Fearn International, Mrs. Smith's Pies, Eggo, and Pure Packed Foods;[10] however, it was later criticized for not diversifying further like General Mills and Quaker Oats were.  After underspending its competition in marketing and product development, Kellogg's U.S. market share hit a low 36.7% in 1983. A prominent Wall Street analyst called it "a fine company that's past its prime" and the cereal market was being regarded as "mature". Such comments stimulated Kellogg chairman William E. LaMothe to improve, which primarily involved approaching the demographic of 80 million baby boomers rather than marketing children-oriented cereals. In emphasizing cereal's convenience and nutritional value, Kellogg's helped persuade U.S. consumers age 25 to 49 to eat 26% more cereal than people of that age ate five years prior. The U.S. ready-to-eat cereal market, worth $3.7 billion at retail in 1983, totaled $5.4 billion by 1988 and had expanded three times as fast as the average grocery category. Kellogg's also introduced new products including Crispix, Raisin Squares, and Nutri-Grain Biscuits and reached out internationally with Just Right aimed at Australians and Genmai Flakes for Japan. During this time, the company maintained success over its top competitors: General Mills, which largely marketed children's cereals, and Post, which had difficulty in the adult cereal market.[11]

text: In March 2001, Kellogg's made its largest acquisition, the Keebler Company. Over the years, it has also gone on to acquire Morningstar Farms and Kashi divisions or subsidiaries. Kellogg's also owns the Bear Naked, Natural Touch, Cheez-It, Murray, Austin cookies and crackers, Famous Amos, Gardenburger (acquired 2007), and Plantation brands. Presently, Kellogg's is a member of the World Cocoa Foundation.

text: In 2012, Kellogg's became the world's second-largest snack food company (after PepsiCo) by acquiring the potato crisps brand Pringles from Procter & Gamble for $2.7 billion in a cash deal.[12]

text: In 2017, Kellogg's acquired Chicago-based food company Rxbar for $600 million.[13] Earlier that year, Kellogg's also opened new corporate office space in Chicago's Merchandise Mart for its global growth and IT departments.[14]

text: In 2018, Kellogg decided to cease their operations in Venezuela due the economic crisis the country is facing.[15]

text: Products[edit]

text:
Bear Naked, Inc.
Chips Deluxe
Cheez-It Crackers
Eggo
Famous Amos
Fruit Winders
Fruity Snacks
Kashi (company)
Keebler Company
Krave
Mother's Cookies
Morningstar Farms
Club Crackers
Little Brownie Bakers (producer of Girl Scout Cookies)
Murray Cookies, founded in Augusta, Georgia in 1940 as the Murray Biscuit Company, by John L. Murray and son John L. Murray Jr, known today for their line of sugar free cookies[16][17]
Nutri-Grain
Pop-Tarts
Pringles
Rxbar
Sunshine Biscuits
Town House
Zesta Crackers

text: Cereal[edit]

text: A list of cereal products produced by Kellogg's, with available varieties:

text:
All-Bran: All-Bran Original, All-Bran Bran Buds, All-Bran Bran Flakes (UK), All-Bran Extra Fiber, All-Bran Guardian (Canada)
Apple Jacks
Apple Jacks Apple vs Cinnamon Limited Edition
Apple Jacks 72 Flavor Blast (Germany)
Bran Buds (New Zealand)
Bran Flakes
Chocos (India, Europe)
Chocolate Corn Flakes: a chocolate version of Corn Flakes. First sold in the UK in 1998 (as Choco Corn Flakes or Choco Flakes), but discontinued a few years later. Re-released in 2011.
Cinnabon
Cinnamon Mini Buns
Coco Pops Coco Rocks
Coco Pops Special Edition Challenger Spaceship
Coco Pops Crunchers
Coco Pops Mega Munchers
Coco Pops Moons and Stars
Cocoa Krispies or Coco Pops (also called Choco Pops in France, Choco Krispies in Portugal, Spain, Germany, Austria, and Switzerland, Choco Krispis in Latin America)
Cocoa Flakes
Corn Flakes
Complete Wheat Bran Flakes/Bran Flakes
Corn Pops
Country Store
Crispix
Crunch: Caramel Nut Crunch, Cran-Vanilla Crunch, Toasted Honey Crunch
Crunchy Nut (formerly Crunchy Nut Cornflakes)
Crunch Nut Bran
Cruncheroos
Disney cereals: Disney Hunny B's Honey-Graham, Disney Mickey's Magix, Disney Mud & Bugs, Pirates of the Caribbean, Disney Princess
Eggo
Extra (Muesli): Fruit and Nut, Fruit Magic, Nut Delight
Froot Loops: Froot Loops, Froot Loops 1⁄3 Less Sugar, Marshmallow Froot Loops, Froot Bloopers
Frosted Flakes (Frosties outside of the US/Canada): Kellogg's Frosted Flakes, Kellogg's Frosted Flakes 1⁄3Kellogg's Banana Frosted Flakes, Kellogg's Birthday Confetti Frosted Flakes, Kellogg's Cocoa Frosted Flakes, Less Sugar, Tony's Cinnamon Krunchers
Frosted Mini-Wheats (known in the UK as Toppas until the early 1990s, when the name was changed to Frosted Wheats. The name Toppas is still applied to this product in other parts of Europe, as in Germany and Austria)
Fruit Harvest: Fruit Harvest Apple Cinnamon, Fruit Harvest Peach Strawberry, Fruit Harvest Strawberry Blueberry
Fruit 'n Fibre (not related to the Post cereal of the same name sold in the US)
Fruit Winders (UK)
Genmai Flakes (Japan)
Guardian (Australia, NZ, Canada)
Honey Loops (formerly Honey Nut Loops)
Honey Nut Corn Flakes
Honey Smacks (US)/Smacks (other markets)
Jif Peanut Butter Cereal (US only)
Just Right: Just Right Original, Just Right Fruit & Nut, Just Right Just Grains, Just Right Tropical, Just Right Berry & Apple, Just Right Crunchy Blends – Cranberry, Almond & Sultana (Australia/NZ), Just Right Crunchy Blends – Apple, Date & Sultana (Australia/NZ)
Kombos
Krave (Discontinued in the UK, US, Italy. Was returned to the European market in 2011, and to the US market in 2012)
Komplete (Australia)
Low-Fat Granola: Low-Fat Granola, Low-Fat Granola with Raisins
Mini Max
Mini Swirlz
Mini-Wheats: Mini-Wheats Frosted Original, Mini-Wheats Frosted Bite Size, Mini-Wheats Frosted Maple & Brown Sugar, Mini-Wheats Raisin, Mini-Wheats Strawberry, Mini-Wheats Vanilla Creme, Mini-Wheats Strawberry Delight, Mini-Wheats Blackcurrant
Mueslix: Mueslix with Raisins, Dates & Almonds
Nutri-Grain
Nut Feast
Oat Bran: Cracklin' Oat Bran
Optivita
Raisin Bran/Sultana Bran: Raisin Bran, Raisin Bran Crunch, Sultana Bran (Australia/NZ), Sultana Bran Crunch (Australia/NZ)
Raisin Wheats
Rice Krispies/Rice Bubbles: Rice Krispies, Frosted Rice Krispies (Ricicles in the UK), Gluten Free Rice Krispies, Rice Bubbles, LCMs, Rice Krispies Cocoa (Canada only), Rice Crispies Multi-Grain Shapes, Rice Krispies Treats Cereal[18]
Rocky Mountain Chocolate Factory Chocolatey Almond cereal
Scooby-Doo cereal: Cinnamon Marshmallow Scooby-Doo! Cereal
Smart Start: Smart Start, Smart Start Soy Protein Cereal
Smorz
Special K: Special K, Special K low carb lifestyle, Special K Red Berries, Special K Vanilla Almond, Special K Honey & Almond (Australia), Special K Forest Berries (Australia), Special K Purple Berries (UK), Special K Light Muesli Mixed Berries & Apple (Australia/NZ), Special K Light Muesli Peach & Mango flavour (Australia/NZ), Special K Dark Chocolate (Belgium), Special K Milk Chocolate (Belgium), Special K Sustain (UK)
Spider-Man cereal: Spider-Man Spidey-Berry
SpongeBob SquarePants cereal
Strawberry Pops (South Africa)
Super Mario Cereal
Sustain: Sustain, Sustain Selection
Tresor (Europe)
Variety
Vector (Canada only)
Yeast bites with honey
Kringelz (formerly known as ZimZ!): mini cinnamon-flavored spirals. Only sold in Germany and Austria[19][20]

text: Discontinued cereals and foods[edit]

text: This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (June 2015) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

text: Banana Bubbles

text:
Banana Frosted Flakes
Bart Simpson's No Problem-O's and Bart Simpson's Eat My Shorts

text:
Bart Simpson Peanut Butter Chocolate Crunch Cereal[21]
Bigg Mixx cereal[21]
Buckwheat & Maple [22]
Buzz Blasts (based on Buzz Lightyear from the Toy Story movies)[21]
C-3PO's cereal: Introduced in 1984 and inspired by the multi-lingual droid from Star Wars, the cereal called itself "a New (crunchy) Force at Breakfast" and was composed of "twin rings phased together for two crunches in every double-O". In other words, they were shaped like the digit 8. After severing the cereal's ties to Star Wars, the company renamed it Pro-Grain and promoted it with sports-oriented commercials.
Chocolate Mud & Bugs[21]
Cinnamon Crunch Crispix
Cinnamon Mini-Buns
Cocoa Hoots: Manufactured briefly in the early 1970s, this cereal resembled Cheerios but was chocolate-flavored. The mascot was a cartoon character named Newton the Owl, and one of its commercials featured a young Jodie Foster.
Coco Pops Strawss
Complete Oat Bran Flakes
Concentrate[23]
Corn Flakes with Instant Bananas
Corn Soya cereal
Crunchy Loggs[21]
Double Dip Crunch[18]
Eggo Waf-Fulls
Frosted Krispies
Frosted Rice: This was a combination of Frosted Flakes and Rice Krispies, using Rice Krispies with frosting on them. Tony Jr. was the brand's mascot.
Fruity Marshmallow Krispies
Golden Crackles
Golden Oatmeal Crunch (later revised to Golden Crunch)
Gro-Pup Dog Food and Dog Biscuits
Heartwise (which contained psyllium, an Indian-grown grain used as a laxative and cholesterol-reducer)[24]
Homer's Cinnamon Donut Cereal (based on The Simpsons TV cartoon)[21]
Kenmei Rice Bran cereal[25]
KOMBOs (orange, strawberry and chocolate flavors)[21][26]
Kream Krunch
Krumbles cereal:[27] Manufactured approximately from the 1920s to the mid 1960s; based on shreds of wheat but different from shredded wheat in texture. Unlike the latter, it tended to remain crisp in milk. In the Chicago area, Krumbles was available into the late 1960s. It was also high in fiber, although that attribute was not in vogue at the time.
Marshmallow Krispies (later revised to Fruity Marshmallow Krispies)[18]
Most
Mr. T's Muscle Crunch (1983–1985)
Nut & Honey Crunch[21]
OJ's ("All the Vitamin C of a 4-oz. Glass of Orange Juice")[28]
OKs cereal (early 1960s): Oat-based cereal physically resembling the competing brand Cheerios, with half the OKs shaped like letter O's and the other half shaped like K's, but did not taste like Cheerios. OKs originally featured Big Otis, a giant, burly Scotsman, on the box; this was replaced by the more familiar Yogi Bear.
Pep: Best remembered as the sponsor of the Superman radio serial.
Pokémon Cereal: A limited edition cereal that contained marshmallow shapes in the forms of Gen I Pokémon Pikachu, Oddish, Poliwhirl and Ditto. They later returned with marshmallows formed like Cleffa, Wobbuffet and Pichu for a short time.
Pop-Tarts Crunch[18]
Powerpuff Girls Cereal
Product 19: Discontinued in 2016
Puffa Puffa Rice (late 1960s–early 1970s)
Raisin Squares[29]
Raisins Rice and Rye[30]
Razzle Dazzle Rice Krispies
Sugar Stars/Stars/All-Stars cereal
Strawberry Rice Krispies
Strawberry Splitz
3 Point Pops[31]
Tony's Cinnamon Krunchers[21]
Tony's Turboz
Triple Snack[26]
Woody Woodpecker cereal
Yogos: Discontinued in 2011
Yogos (Berry, Mango, Strawberry, 72 Flavor Blast (Germany), Cookies and Cream, Tacos (Mexico))
Yogos Rollers: Discontinued in 2009
Start (UK)

text: Marketing[edit]

text: Various methods have been used in the company's history to promote the company and its brands. Foremost among these is the design of the Kellogg's logo by Ferris Crane under the art direction of famed type guru Y. Ames. Another was the well-remembered jingle "K E double-L, O double-good, Kellogg's best to you!"

text: Kellogg's was a major sponsor throughout the run of the hit CBS panel show What's My Line?[32] It and its associated products Frosted Flakes and Rice Krispies were also major sponsors for the PBS Kids children's animated series Dragon Tales.[33]

text: Kellogg's is a sponsor of USA Gymnastics and produces the Kellogg's Tour of Gymnastics, a 36-city tour held after the Olympic games and featuring performances by recent medal-winning gymnasts from the United States.[34]

text: Premiums and prizes[edit]

text: W.K. Kellogg was the first to introduce prizes in boxes of cereal.  The marketing strategy that he established has produced thousands of different cereal box prizes that have been distributed by the tens of billions.[35]

text: Children's premiums[edit]

text: Kellogg's Corn Flakes had the first cereal premium with The Funny Jungleland Moving Pictures Book. The book was originally available as a prize that was given to the customer in the store with the purchase of two packages of the cereal.[36] But in 1909, Kellogg's changed the book giveaway to a premium mail-in offer for the cost of a dime. Over 2.5 million copies of the book were distributed in different editions over a period of 23 years.[37]

text: Cereal box prizes[edit]

text: In 1945, Kellogg's inserted a prize in the form of pin-back buttons into each box of Pep cereal. Pep pins have included U.S. Army squadrons as well as characters from newspaper comics and were available through 1947. There were five series of comic characters and 18 different buttons in each set, with a total of 90 in the collection.[35]  Other manufacturers of major brands of cereal, including General Mills, Malt-O-Meal, Nestlé, Post Foods, and Quaker Oats, followed suit and inserted prizes into boxes of cereal to promote sales and brand loyalty.

text: Mascots[edit]

text: Licensed brands have been omitted since the corresponding mascots would be obvious (e.g. Spider-Man is the mascot for Spider-Man Spidey-Berry).

text:
Cocoa Hoots cereal: Newton the Owl
Cocoa Krispies cereal (Known as Choco Krispis in Latin America, Choco Krispies in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland, Chocos in India, and Coco Pops in Australia, the UK, and Europe): Jose (monkey), Coco (monkey), Melvin (elephant), Snagglepuss (Hanna-Barbera character), Ogg (caveman), Tusk (elephant), and Snap, Crackle and Pop (who were also, and remain as of February 2014, the Rice Krispies mascots; see below)
Corn Flakes cereal: Cornelius (rooster)
Frosted Flakes (known as Frosties outside the US/Canada, Zucaritas in Latin America and Sucrilhos in Brazil) cereal: Tony the Tiger
Froot Loops cereal: Toucan Sam
Honey Smacks (US)/Smacks (other markets) cereal: Dig 'Em Frog
Raisin Bran cereal: Sunny the Sun
Rice Krispies (known as Rice Bubbles in Australia) cereal: Snap, Crackle and Pop
Ricicles (UK Only) cereal: Captain Rik
Apple Jacks cereal: CinnaMon and Bad Apple
Honey Loops cereal: Loopy (bumblebee), Pops (honey bee)
Keebler cookies and crackers : Ernie and the Elves

text: Motorsports[edit]

text: Kellogg's made its first foray into auto racing between 1991 and 1992 when the company sponsored the #41 Chevrolets fielded by Larry Hedrick Motorsports in the NASCAR Winston Cup Series and driven by Phil Parsons, Dave Marcis, Greg Sacks, Hut Stricklin, and Richard Petty, but they gained greater prominence for their sponsorship of 2-time Winston Cup Champion Terry Labonte from 1993 to 2006, the last 12 years of that as the sponsor for Hendrick Motorsports' #5 car. Kellogg's sponsored the #5 for Labonte, Kyle Busch, Casey Mears, and Mark Martin until 2010, and it then served as an associate sponsor for Carl Edwards' #99 car for Roush Fenway Racing.

text: Kellogg's placed Dale Earnhardt on Kellogg's Corn Flakes boxes for 1993 six-time Winston Cup champ and 1994 seven-time Winston Cup champ, as well as Jeff Gordon on the Mini Wheats box for the 1993 rookie of the year, 1995 Brickyard 400 inaugural race, 1997 Champion, and 1998 three-time champ, and a special three-pack racing box set with Dale Earnhardt, Jeff Gordon, Terry Labonte, and Dale Jarrett in 1996.

text: Merchandising[edit]

text: Kellogg's has used some merchandising for their products. Kellogg's once released Mission Nutrition, a PC game that came free with special packs of cereal. It played in a similar fashion as Donkey Kong Country; users could play as Tony the Tiger, Coco the Monkey, or Snap, Crackle, and Pop. Kellogg's has also released "Talking" games. The two current versions are Talking Tony and Talking Sam. In these games, a microphone is used to play games and create voice commands for their computers. In Talking Tony, Tony the Tiger, one of Kellogg's most famous mascots, would be the main and only character in the game. In Talking Sam, Toucan Sam, another famous mascot, would be in the game, instead. Some [toy cars] have the Kellogg's logo on them, and occasionally their mascots.

text: There was also a Talking Snap Crackle and Pop software.

text: Olympic Games[edit]

text: Kellogg's frequently partners with the Olympic Games to feature American athletes from the Olympic Games on the packages of their cereal brands.[38] In 2017, the company announced its marketing campaign for the 2018 Winter Olympic Games featuring American athletes Nathan Chen, Kelly Clark, Meghan Duggan and Mike Schultz.[39]

text: Controversies[edit]

text: Questionable nutritional Value[edit]

text: Some of Kellogg's marketing has been questioned in the press, prompted by an increase in consumer awareness of the mismatch between the marketing messages and the products themselves.[40]

text: Food bloggers are also questioning the marketing methods used by cereal manufacturing companies such as Kellogg's, due to their high sugar content and use of ingredients such as high-fructose corn syrup.[41]

text: 2010 cereal recall[edit]

text: On June 25, the company voluntarily began to recall about 28 million boxes of Apple Jacks, Corn Pops, Froot Loops and Honey Smacks because of an unusual smell and flavor from the packages' liners that could make people ill. Kellogg's said about 20 people complained about the cereals, including five who reported nausea and vomiting. Consumers reported the cereal smelled or tasted waxy or like metal or soap. Company spokeswoman J. Adaire Putnam said some described it as tasting stale. However, no serious health problems had been reported.[42]

text: The suspected chemical that caused the illnesses was 2-methylnaphthalene, used in the cereal packaging process. Little is known about 2-methylnaphthalene's impact on human health as the Food and Drug Administration has no scientific data on its impact on humans, and the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) also does not have health and safety data.  This is despite the EPA having sought information on it from the chemical industry for 16 years.  2-Methylnaphthalene is a component of crude oil and is "structurally related to naphthalene, an ingredient in mothballs and toilet-deodorant blocks" that the EPA considers a possible human carcinogen.[43][44]

text: Kellogg's offered consumers refunds in the meantime.[citation needed] Only products with the letters "KN" following the use-by date were included in the recall. The products were distributed throughout the U.S. and began arriving in stores in late March 2010. Products in Canada were not affected.[citation needed]

text: 2012 cereal recall[edit]

text: Kellogg's issued a voluntary recall of some of its "Frosted Mini-Wheats Bite Size Original" and "Mini-Wheats Unfrosted Bite Size" products due to the possibility of flexible metal mesh fragments in the food. The affected products varied in size from single-serving bowls to large 70-ounce cartons. Use-by dates printed on the recalled packages ranged from April 1, 2013, to September 21, 2013, and were accompanied by the letters KB, AP or FK.[45]

text: Advertising claims[edit]

text:
We expect more from a great American company than making dubious claims—not once, but twice—that its cereals improve children's health...
—Jon Leibowitz, Chairman of the F.T.C.[46]

tag: div

text: On June 3, 2010, Kellogg's was found to be making unsubstantiated and misleading claims in advertising their cereal products by the Federal Trade Commission (FTC).[46][47][48]

text: Kellogg's responded by stating "We stand behind the validity of our product claims and research, so we agreed to an order that covers those claims. We believe that the revisions to the existing consent agreement satisfied any remaining concerns."[48]

text: The FTC had previously found fault with Kellogg's claims that Frosted Mini-Wheats cereal improved kids' attentiveness by nearly 20%.[49]

text:
The Children's Advertising Review Unit of the Council of Better Business Bureaus has also suggested that the language on Kellogg Pop-Tarts packages saying the pastries are "Made with Real Fruit" should be taken off the products.[50]
In July 2012, the UK banned a "Special K" advertisement due to its citing caloric values that did not take into account the caloric value of milk consumed with the cereal.[51] In 2016 an ad telling UK consumers that Special K is “full of goodness” and “nutritious” was banned.[52]

text: Human right violations of palm oil in 2016[edit]

text: According to Amnesty International in 2016, Kellogg's palm oil provider Wilmar International profited from 8 to 14-year-old child labor and forced labor. Some workers were extorted, threatened or not paid for work. Some workers suffered severe injuries from chemicals such as Paraquat.[53][54] Kellogg's alleged not being aware of the child abuses due to traceability; Amnesty's human rights director replied that "Using mealy-mouthed excuses about 'traceability' is a total cop-out."[55]

text: Political involvement[edit]

text:
Kellogg's donated around US$2 million opposing California Proposition 37, a 2012 ballot initiative that, if enacted, would have required compulsory labeling of genetically engineered food products.[56]
In March of 2016, though, they vowed to label all of their products with genetically modified organisms as such by 2020.[57] In January 2012, Kellogg's gave the Calhoun School a $250,000 grant for a "three-part youth-based project on issues of white privilege and institutionalized racism".[58]
In August 2014, Kellogg's called on the President to support the Paris Agreement on climate change.[59]  In 2016, Kellogg Company urged President-elect Donald Trump to "continue the Paris Climate Agreement".[60] Kellogg's has donated to notable groups opposing voter-ID laws, such as the Applied Research Center (now RaceForward).[61]  The company also decided to remove their advertisements from the Breitbart News website.[62] Breitbart News in turn called for a boycott of Kellogg's products.[63]

text: Operations[edit]

text:
Australia:
Pagewood[65]
Charmhaven (snack and cereal plant closed in 2014.)[66]
 Belgium: Zaventem & Mechelen plant
 Brazil: São Paulo
 Colombia: Bogota
 Ecuador: Guayaquil
 Canada:
Mississauga, Ontario – Canadian head office
Anjou, Quebec – Eastern Canada sales office
Calgary, Alberta – Western Canada sales office
London, Ontario – manufacturers and distributes cereals (including Corn Flakes) in Canada. Closed at end of 2014,[67]
Belleville, Ontario – cereal production plant opened 2009 and upgraded 2011; took over some operations from London after 2014
 China: Shanghai – Joint venture with agribusiness and food company Yihai Kerry
 France: Noisy-le-Grand, Paris[68]
 Germany: Bremen[69]
 India: Mumbai
 Republic of Ireland: Kellogg Europe Trading, Swords, Dublin[69]
 Italy: Milan
 Japan: Shinjuku, Tokyo[70]
 Malaysia: Bandar Enstek, Negeri Sembilan[71][72]
 Mexico: Querétaro
Middle East[73]
 Israel: Lod
 Saudi Arabia: Jeddah
 UAE: Dubai
 Kuwait: Kuwait City
 Bahrain:  Manama
 Oman: Azaiba, Muscat
 Lebanon: Beirut
 Jordan: Amman
 Qatar: Doha
 Syria: Damascus
 Egypt: Giza
 Libya: Tripoli
 Iran: Tehran
 Netherlands: Den Bosch[74][75]
 Philippines: Alaska Milk Corporation[76]
 Poland: Kutno[77]
 Portugal: Lisbon
 Russia: Kellogg Rus LLC[69]
 South Africa: Springs[78]
 South Korea: Seoul
 Spain: Valls[69]
 Sri Lanka: Colombo; Sri Jayawardenapura Kotte
 Thailand: Bangkok, Rayong (snacks and cereals)
 United Kingdom:
 England: Manchester[69]
 Scotland: Portable Foods Manufacturing Livingston[69]
 Wales: Wrexham including Portable Foods Manufacturing[69]
 United States: Battle Creek, Michigan
 Morocco