document_title: Iron Man (2008 film)

question_text: who did jeff bridges play in iron man

question_tokens: who did jeff bridges play in iron man

text: Iron Man (2008 film)

text: Plot[edit]

text: Genius, billionaire, and playboy Tony Stark, who has inherited the defense contractor Stark Industries from his father, is in war-torn Afghanistan with his friend and military liaison Lieutenant Colonel James Rhodes to demonstrate the new "Jericho" missile. After the demonstration, the convoy is ambushed and Stark is critically wounded by one of his own company's rocket-propelled grenades. He is captured and imprisoned in a cave by a terrorist group, the Ten Rings; Yinsen, a fellow captive who is a doctor, implants an electromagnet into Stark's chest to keep the shrapnel shards that wounded him from reaching his heart and killing him. Ten Rings leader Raza offers Stark freedom in exchange for building a Jericho missile for the group, but Tony and Yinsen know that Raza will not keep his word.

text: Stark and Yinsen secretly build a small, powerful electric generator called an arc reactor to power Stark's electromagnet and a suit of powered armor to aid in their escape. Although they keep the suit hidden almost to completion, the Ten Rings discover their hostages' intentions and attack the workshop. Yinsen sacrifices himself to divert them while the suit is completed. The armored Stark battles his way out of the cave to find the dying Yinsen, then burns the Ten Rings' weapons in anger and flies away, crashing in the desert and destroying the suit by accident. After being rescued by Rhodes, Stark returns home and announces that his company will no longer manufacture weapons. Obadiah Stane, his father's old partner and the company's manager, advises Stark that this may ruin Stark Industries and his father's legacy. In his home workshop, Stark builds a sleeker, more powerful version of his improvised armor suit as well as a more powerful arc reactor for his chest. Personal assistant Pepper Potts places the original reactor inside a small glass showcase. Though Stane requests details, Stark keeps his work to himself because he is suspicious of his company.

text: At a charity event held by Stark Industries, reporter Christine Everhart informs Stark that his company's weapons, including the Jericho, were recently delivered to the Ten Rings and are being used to attack Yinsen's home village, Gulmira. Stark then learns that Stane has been arms trafficking to criminals worldwide, and is staging a coup to replace him as Stark Industries' CEO. Stark dons his new armor and flies to Afghanistan, where he saves the villagers. While flying home, Stark is shot at by two F-22 Raptor fighter jets. He reveals his secret identity to Rhodes over the phone in an attempt to end the attack. Meanwhile, the Ten Rings gather the pieces of Stark's prototype suit and meet with Stane, who subdues Raza and has the rest of the group killed. Stane has a massive new suit reverse engineered from the wreckage. Seeking to track his company's illegal shipments, Stark sends Pepper to hack into its database. She discovers that Stane hired the Ten Rings to kill Stark, but the group reneged. Potts meets with Agent Phil Coulson of S.H.I.E.L.D., an intelligence agency, to inform him of Stane's activities.

text: Stane's scientists cannot duplicate Stark's miniaturized arc reactor, so Stane ambushes Stark at his home and takes the one from his chest. Stark manages to get to his original reactor to replace it. Potts and several S.H.I.E.L.D. agents attempt to arrest Stane, but he dons his suit and attacks them. Stark fights Stane, but is outmatched without his new reactor to run his suit at full capacity. The fight carries Stark and Stane to the top of the Stark Industries building, and Stark instructs Potts to overload the large arc reactor powering the building. This unleashes a massive electrical surge that causes Stane and his armor to fall into the exploding reactor, killing him. The next day, at a press conference, Stark defies suggestions from S.H.I.E.L.D. and publicly admits to being the superhero the press has dubbed "Iron Man".

text: In a post-credits scene, S.H.I.E.L.D. Director Nick Fury visits Stark at home, telling him that Iron Man is not "the only superhero in the world", and explaining that he wants to discuss the "Avenger Initiative".

text: Cast[edit]

text:
Robert Downey Jr. as Tony Stark / Iron Man:
An industrialist, genius inventor, and consummate playboy, he is CEO of Stark Industries and a chief weapons manufacturer for the U.S. military. Director Jon Favreau felt Downey's past made him an appropriate choice for the part,[6] and that the actor could make Stark a "likable asshole," but also depict an authentic emotional journey once he won over the audience.[7] Favreau was also attracted to Downey from his performance in Kiss Kiss Bang Bang, with Downey frequently conversing with that film's director, Shane Black, about the script and dialogue in Iron Man.[8] Downey had an office next to Favreau during pre-production, which allowed him greater involvement in the screenwriting process,[9] especially adding humor to the film.[10] Downey explained, "What I usually hate about these [superhero] movies [is] when suddenly the guy that you were digging turns into Dudley Do-Right, and then you're supposed to buy into all his 'Let's go do some good!' That Eliot Ness-in-a-cape-type thing. What was really important to me was to not have him change so much that he's unrecognizable. When someone used to be a schmuck and they're not anymore, hopefully they still have a sense of humor."[11] To prepare, Downey spent five days a week weight training and practiced martial arts to get into shape,[6] which he said benefited him because "it's hard not to have a personality meltdown [...] after about several hours in that suit. I'm calling up every therapeutic moment I can think of to just get through the day."[12]

text:
Terrence Howard as James "Rhodey" Rhodes:
A friend of Stark's, and the liaison between Stark Industries and the United States Air Force in the department of acquisitions, specifically weapons development. Favreau cast Howard because he felt he could play War Machine in a sequel.[13] Howard prepared for the role by visiting Nellis Air Force Base on March 16, 2007, where he ate with the pilots and observed HH-60 Pave Hawk rescue helicopters and F-22 Raptors.[14] While Rhodes is roguish in the comics after he met Stark, his earlier disciplinarian character forms a dynamic with Stark, and he is unsure whether or not Stark's actions are acceptable. "Rhodey is completely disgusted with the way Tony has lived his life, but at a certain point he realizes that perhaps there is a different way," Howard said. "Whose life is the right way; is it the strict military life, or the life of an independent?"[12] Howard and his father are Iron Man fans, partly because Rhodes was one of the few black superheroes when he was a child.[15] He was a Downey fan since he saw him in Weird Science, and the two competed physically on set.[16]
Jeff Bridges as Obadiah Stane:
Stark's business second-in-command, mentor and friend who turns on him to overtake the company, eventually building a giant exosuit to fight Stark. Bridges read the comics as a boy and liked Favreau's modern, realistic approach. He shaved his head, something he had wanted to do for some time, and grew a beard for the role. Bridges googled the Book of Obadiah, and was surprised to learn retribution is a major theme in that book of the Bible, something which Stane represents.[17] Many of Stane's scenes were cut to focus more on Stark, but the writers felt Bridges's performance allowed the application of "less is more".[18]
Shaun Toub as Yinsen:
Stark's fellow captive, who grafts an electromagnet to Stark's chest "to keep the shrapnel shell shards that wounded him from reaching his heart and killing him", and who helps Stark build the first Iron Man suit.[19][20]
Gwyneth Paltrow as Pepper Potts:
Stark's personal assistant and budding love interest. Paltrow asked Marvel to send her any comics they would consider relevant to her understanding of the character, who she considered to be very smart, levelheaded, and grounded. She said she liked "the fact that there's a sexuality that's not blatant." Favreau wanted Potts' and Stark's relationship to be reminiscent of a 1940s comedy, something which Paltrow considered to be fun in an "innocent yet sexy" way.[21]

text: Additionally, Faran Tahir appears as Raza, the leader of the Ten Rings; Paul Bettany voices J.A.R.V.I.S., Stark's personal AI system; Leslie Bibb portrays Christine Everhart, a reporter for Vanity Fair; and Clark Gregg appears as Phil Coulson, an agent of S.H.I.E.L.D..[22] Will Lyman provides the voiceover during the opening award ceremony.[23] Director Jon Favreau plays Happy Hogan, Stark's bodyguard and chauffeur,[10] and Samuel L. Jackson makes a cameo appearance as Nick Fury, director of S.H.I.E.L.D., in a post-credits scene.[24] Jackson's face was previously used as the model for the Ultimate Marvel imprint version of Nick Fury.[25] Other cameos in the film include Stan Lee as himself, being mistaken for Hugh Hefner by Stark at a party;[26] Tom Morello, who provided guitar music for the film, as a terrorist guard;[27] and Jim Cramer as himself.[28] Ghostface Killah had a cameo in a scene where Stark briefly stays in Dubai, but the scene was cut from the theatrical release for pacing reasons.[29]

text: Production[edit]

text: Development[edit]

text: In April 1990, Universal Studios bought the rights to develop Iron Man for the big screen,[30] with Stuart Gordon to direct a low-budget film based on the property.[12] By February 1996, 20th Century Fox had acquired the rights from Universal.[31] In January 1997, Nicolas Cage expressed interest in portraying the character,[32] while in September 1998, Tom Cruise expressed interest in producing as well as starring in an Iron Man film.[33] Jeff Vintar and Iron Man co-creator Stan Lee co-wrote a story for Fox, which Vintar adapted into a screenplay. It included a new science-fiction origin for the character, and featured MODOK as the villain. Tom Rothman, President of Production at Fox, credited the screenplay with finally making him understand the character. In May 1999, Jeffrey Caine was hired to rewrite Vintar and Lee's script.[34] That October, Quentin Tarantino was approached to write and direct the film.[35] Fox sold the rights to New Line Cinema the following December, reasoning that although the Vintar/Lee script was strong, the studio had too many Marvel superheroes in development, and "we can't make them all."[36]

text:
"We worked with Michael Crichton's researchers to find a grounded realistic way to deal with the suit. The idea was he needed the suit to stay alive. He's the same guy we used with Spider-Man 2 to come up with Doc Ock's inhibitor chips and what the arms are made of and how they work. [...] Mandarin was an Indonesian terrorist who masqueraded as a rich playboy who Tony knew."

—Alfred Gough on his draft for Nick Cassavetes' and New Line's aborted version[37]

tag: div

text: By July 2000, the film was being written for New Line by Ted Elliott, Terry Rossio,[34][38] and Tim McCanlies.[39] McCanlies' script used the idea of a Nick Fury cameo to set up his own film.[34] In June 2001, New Line entered talks with Joss Whedon, a fan of the character, to direct,[40] and in December 2002, McCanlies had turned in a completed script.[41] In December 2004, the studio attached director Nick Cassavetes to the project for a target 2006 release.[42] Screenplay drafts were written by Alfred Gough, Miles Millar, and David Hayter, and pitted Iron Man against his father Howard Stark, who becomes War Machine. After two years of unsuccessful development, and the deal with Cassavetes falling through, New Line Cinema returned the film rights to Marvel.[43]

text: In November 2005, Marvel Studios worked to start development from scratch,[44] and announced Iron Man as their first independent feature, as the character was their only major one not already depicted in live action.[9] According to associate producer Jeremy Latcham, "we went after about 30 writers and they all passed", saying they were uninterested in the project due to both the relative obscurity of the character and it being a solely Marvel production. Even the rewrites when the film had a script led to many refusals.[45] In order to build awareness for Iron Man from the general public, and put him on the same level of popularity as Spider-Man or Hulk, Marvel conducted focus groups to help remove the general perception that the character was a robot. After the groups proved successful, the information Marvel received helped them formulate an awareness-building plan, which included releasing three animated short films ahead of the film's release. The shorts were called "Iron Man Advertorials", and were produced by Tim Miller and Blur Studio.[46]

text: Pre-production[edit]

text: Jon Favreau was hired to direct the film in April 2006,[47] celebrating getting the job by going on a diet, losing 70 pounds (32 kg).[12] Favreau had wanted to work with Marvel producer Avi Arad on another film after they both worked on Daredevil.[9] The director found the opportunity to create a politically ambitious "ultimate spy movie" in Iron Man, citing inspiration from Tom Clancy, James Bond, and RoboCop,[48] and compared his approach to an independent film—"[i]f Robert Altman had directed Superman"—and Batman Begins.[9][49] Favreau wanted to make Iron Man a story of an adult man literally reinventing himself after discovering the world is far more complex than he originally believed.[50] He changed the Vietnam War origin of the character to Afghanistan, as he did not want to do a period piece.[13] Art Marcum & Matt Holloway were hired to write the script,[47] while Mark Fergus & Hawk Ostby wrote another version, with Favreau compiling both teams' scripts,[51] and John August then "polishing" the combined version.[52] Comic book staff Mark Millar, Brian Michael Bendis, Joe Quesada, Tom Brevoort, Axel Alonso, and Ralph Macchio were also called upon by Favreau to give advice on the script.[53]

text: Favreau planned to cast a newcomer in the title role, as "those movies don't require an expensive star; Iron Man's the star, the superhero is the star. The success of X-Men and Spider-Man without being star-driven pieces reassures [executives] that the film does have an upside commercially."[54] However, in September 2006, Robert Downey, Jr. was cast in the role.[55] Favreau chose Downey, a fan of the comic,[6] because he felt the actor's past made him an appropriate choice for the part, explaining "The best and worst moments of Robert's life have been in the public eye. He had to find an inner balance to overcome obstacles that went far beyond his career. That's Tony Stark."[6] Favreau faced opposition from Marvel in casting Downey, but would not take no for an answer, saying, "It was my job as a director to show that it was the best choice creatively ... everybody knew he was talented [and] certainly by studying the Iron Man role and developing that script I realized that the character seemed to line-up with Robert in all the good and bad ways.[56] While preparing for filming, Favreau and Downey were given a tour of SpaceX by Elon Musk. Downey said, "Elon was someone Tony probably hung out with and partied with, or more likely they went on some weird jungle trek together to drink concoctions with the shamans."[57]

text: Additional casting for the film occurred over the next few months: Terrence Howard was announced in the role of Stark's best friend Jim Rhodes in October 2006;[58] Gwyneth Paltrow was cast as love interest Virginia "Pepper" Potts in January 2007;[59] and Jeff Bridges was cast in an undisclosed role in February.[60] Choosing a character to be the villain of the film was difficult, as Favreau felt Iron Man's archnemesis the Mandarin would not feel realistic, especially after Mark Millar gave his opinion on the script.[53] He felt only in a sequel, with an altered tone, would the fantasy of the Mandarin's rings be appropriate.[61] The decision to push him into the background is comparable to Sauron in The Lord of the Rings,[49] or Palpatine in Star Wars.[61] Favreau also wanted Iron Man to face a giant enemy. The switch from Mandarin to Obadiah Stane was done after Bridges was cast in that role,[29] with Stane originally intended to become a villain in the sequel.[53] The Crimson Dynamo was also a villain in early drafts of the script.[10] Favreau felt it was important to include intentional inside references for fans of the comics, such as giving the two fighter jets that attack Iron Man the call signs of "Whiplash 1" and "Whiplash 2", a reference to the comic book villain Whiplash, and including Captain America's shield in Stark's workshop.[62]

text: Favreau wanted the film to be believable by showing the construction of the Iron Man suit in its three stages.[13] Stan Winston, a fan of the comic book, and his company, who Favreau worked with on Zathura, built metal and rubber versions of the armors.[17] The Mark I design was intended to look like it was built from spare parts. The back is less armored than the front, because Stark would use his resources for a forward attack. It also foreshadows the design of Stane's armor. A single 90-pound (41 kg) version was built, causing concern when a stuntman fell over inside it, though both the stuntman and the suit were unscathed. The armor was also designed to only have its top half worn at times.[17] Stan Winston Studios built a 10-foot (3.0 m), 800-pound (360 kg) animatronic version of "Iron Monger" (Obadiah Stane),[17] a name which Obadiah Stane calls Tony Stark and himself earlier in the film as a reference, but is never actually used for the suit itself in the film. The animatronic required five operators for the arm, and was built on a gimbal to simulate walking.[17] A scale model was used for the shots of it being built.[29] The Mark II resembles an airplane prototype, with visible flaps.[29] Iron Man comic book artist Adi Granov designed the Mark III with illustrator Phil Saunders.[63] Granov's designs were the primary inspiration for the film's, and he came on board the film after he recognized his work on Jon Favreau's MySpace page.[49] Saunders streamlined Granov's concept art, making it stealthier and less cartoonish in its proportions,[17] and also designed the War Machine armor, but it was "cut from the script about halfway through pre-production." He explained that the War Machine armor "was going to be called the Mark IV armor and would have had weaponized swap-out parts that would be worn over the original Mark III armor," and that it "would have been worn by Tony Stark in the final battle sequence."[64]

text: Filming[edit]

text: Production was based in the former Hughes Company soundstages in Playa Vista, Los Angeles, California.[65] Howard Hughes was one of the inspirations for the comic book, and the filmmakers acknowledged the coincidence that they would film Iron Man creating the flying Mark III where the Hughes H-4 Hercules was built.[17] Favreau rejected the East Coast setting of the comic books because many superhero films had already been set there.[13]

text: Filming began on March 12, 2007,[66] with the first few weeks spent on Stark's captivity in Afghanistan.[67] The cave where Stark is imprisoned was a 150-to-200-yard (140–180 m) long set, which had movable forks in the caverns to allow greater freedom for the film's crew.[13] Production designer J. Michael Riva saw footage of a Taliban fighter in Afghanistan, and saw the cold breath as he spoke: realizing remote caves are actually very cold, Riva placed an air conditioning system in the set. He also sought Downey's advice about makeshift objects in prison, such as a sock being used to make tea.[17] Afterwards, Stark's capture was filmed at Lone Pine, and other exterior scenes in Afghanistan were filmed at Olancha Sand Dunes, where the crew endured two days of 40-to-60-mile-per-hour (64–97 km/h) winds.[17] Filming at Edwards Air Force Base began in mid-April,[68] and ended on May 2.[69] Exterior shots of Stark's home were digitally added to footage of Point Dume in Malibu,[29] while the interior was built at Playa Vista, where Favreau and Riva aimed to make Stark's home look less futuristic and more "grease monkey".[17] Filming concluded on June 25, 2007, at Caesars Palace in Las Vegas, Nevada.[70] Favreau, a newcomer to action films, remarked, "I'm shocked that I [was] on schedule. I thought that there were going to be many curveballs". He hired "people who are good at creating action", so "the human story [felt] like it belongs to the comic book genre".[12]

text: There was much improvisation in dialogue scenes, because the script was not completed when filming began (the filmmakers had focused on the story making sense and planning the action). Favreau felt that improvisation would make the film feel more natural. Some scenes were shot with two cameras to capture lines said on the spot. Multiple takes were done, as Downey wanted to try something new each time.[29] It was Downey's idea to have Stark hold a news conference on the floor,[12] and he created the speech Stark makes when demonstrating the Jericho weapon.[7] Bridges described this approach as "a $200 million student film", and noted that it caused stress for Marvel executives when the stars were trying to come up with dialogue on the day of filming scenes. He also noted that in some instances, he and Downey would swap characters for rehearsal to see how their own lines sounded.[71] The dialogue for the Nick Fury cameo scene was also changed on set, with comic writer Brian Michael Bendis providing three pages of dialogue for the part, and the filmmakers choosing the best lines for filming on set.[53] The Nick Fury cameo was filmed with a skeleton crew in order to keep it a secret, but rumors appeared on the Internet only days later. Marvel Studios President Kevin Feige subsequently had the scene removed from all preview prints in order to maintain the surprise and keep fans guessing.[72]

text: Post-production[edit]

text: Favreau's main concern with the film's effects was whether the transition between the computer-generated and practical costumes would be too obvious.[73] He hired Industrial Light & Magic (ILM) to create the bulk of the visual effects for the film after seeing Pirates of the Caribbean: At World's End and Transformers. The Orphanage and The Embassy did additional work,[17] with the latter creating a digital version of the Mark I armor.[74] To help with animating the more refined suits, information was sometimes captured by having Downey wear only the helmet, sleeves and chest of the costume over a motion capture suit,[17] and skydivers were filmed in a vertical wind tunnel to study the physics of flying.[75] For shots of the Mark III flying, it was animated to look realistic by taking off slowly, and landing quickly. To generate shots of Iron Man and the F-22 Raptors battling, cameras were flown in the air to provide reference for physics, wind and frost on the lenses.[76]

text: Music[edit]

text: Composer Ramin Djawadi had been a fan of the character Iron Man as a child, saying that he always liked superheroes "that actually don’t have any superpowers". After Favreau's previous collaborator John Debney was unavailable to score the film,[77] Djawadi sought out the role himself.[78] Favreau had a clear vision of heavy metal music and guitars for the project,[78] saying that Tony Stark was more of a rock star than a traditional superhero.[79] Djawadi subsequently composed most of the film's score on guitar, before arranging it for orchestra.[78] Djawadi had help with arrangements and additional cues from Hans Zimmer and Remote Control Productions,[78] and Rage Against the Machine guitarist Tom Morello, who makes a cameo appearance in the film, contributed guitar performances to the score.[27] The film also features a big band-style arrangement of the Iron Man theme song from the 1966 cartoon The Marvel Super Heroes from frequent Favreau collaborators John O'Brien and Rick Boston.[80] A soundtrack featuring Djawadi's score was released by Lions Gate Records on April 29, 2008.[81]

text: Release[edit]

text: The premiere was held at the Greater Union theater at George Street, Sydney, on April 14, 2008.[82] The film was released in the United States on May 2, 2008,[83] while the international release was pushed to April 30, 2008.[84]

text: Marketing[edit]

text: Marvel and Paramount modeled their marketing campaign for Iron Man on that of Transformers.[85] In May 2008, Sega released an official tie-in video game based on the film on multiple gaming platforms. Downey, Howard and Taub reprise their roles from the film.[86] A 30-second spot for the film aired during a Super Bowl XLII break.[87] 6,400 7-Eleven stores in the United States helped promote the film, and LG Group also made a deal with Paramount.[85] Hasbro created figures of armors from the film, as well as Titanium Man (who appears in the video game) and the armor from the World War Hulk comics.[88] Worldwide, Burger King and Audi promoted the film. Jon Favreau was set to direct a commercial for the fast-food chain, as Michael Bay did for Transformers.[85] In the film, Tony Stark drives an Audi R8, and also has an "American cheeseburger" from Burger King after his rescue from Afghanistan, as part of the studio's product placement deal with the respective companies. Three other vehicles, the Audi S6 sedan, Audi S5 sports coupe and the Audi Q7 SUV, also appear in the film.[89][90] Audi created a tie-in website, as General Motors did for Transformers.[85] Oracle Corporation also promoted the film on its site.[91] Several tie-in comics were released for the film.[92]

text: Home media[edit]

text: The film was released by Paramount Home Media Distribution on DVD and Blu-ray Disc on September 30, 2008, in the United States and Canada, and October 27, 2008 in Europe.[93] DVD sales were very successful, selling over 4 million copies the first week and generating a gross of over US$93 million.[94][95] There were a total of 9 million copies sold and an accumulated total sales of over $160 million (not including Blu-ray).[94] For the home releases of the film, the image on the newspaper Stark reads before he announces he is Iron Man had to be altered because of amateur photographer Ronnie Adams filing a lawsuit against Paramount and Marvel for using his on-location spy photo in the scene.[96] A Wal-Mart-exclusive release included a preview of Iron Man: Armored Adventures.[97]

text: The film was also collected in a 10-disc box set titled "Marvel Cinematic Universe: Phase One – Avengers Assembled" which includes all of the Phase One films in the Marvel Cinematic Universe.[98] It was released by Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment on April 2, 2013.[99]

text: Reception[edit]

text: Box office[edit]

text: Iron Man earned $318.4 million in the United States and Canada and $266.8 million in other territories, for a worldwide gross of $585.2 million.[5]

text: In its opening weekend, Iron Man grossed $98.6 million in 4,105 theaters in the United States and Canada, ranking first at the box office,[100] giving it the eleventh biggest-opening weekend at the time,[101] ninth-widest release in terms of theaters,[102] and the third highest-grossing opening weekend of 2008 behind Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull and The Dark Knight. It grossed $35.2 million on its first day, giving it the thirteenth biggest-opening day at the time.[103] Iron Man had the second-best premiere for a non-sequel, behind Spider-Man, and the fourth biggest-opening for a superhero film.[104] Iron Man was also the number one film in the U.S. and Canada in its second weekend, grossing $51.1 million,[100] giving it the twelfth-best second weekend and the fifth-best for a non-sequel.[105] On June 18, 2008, Iron Man became that year's first film to pass the $300 million mark for the domestic box office.[106][107]

text: Critical response[edit]

text: The review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes reported a 94% approval rating with an average rating of 7.7/10 based on 268 reviews. The website's consensus reads, "Director Jon Favreau and star Robert Downey Jr. make this smart, high impact superhero movie one that even non-comics fans can enjoy."[108] In May 2008, Rotten Tomatoes review aggregator Jen Yamato identified Iron Man as the "best-reviewed film of the year so far".[109] On Metacritic, the film achieved an average score of 79 out of 100, based on 38 critics, signifying "generally favorable reviews".[110]

text: Among the major trade journals, Todd McCarthy of Variety called the film an "expansively entertaining special effects extravaganza" with "fresh energy and stylistic polish",[111] while Kirk Honeycutt of The Hollywood Reporter praised the film, while nonetheless finding "disappointment [in] a climatic [sic] battle between different Iron Man prototypes [...] how did Tony's nemesis learn how to use the suit?"[112] In one of the first major-daily newspaper reviews, Frank Lovece of Newsday lauded the film's "emotional truth [...] pitch-perfect casting and plausibly rendered super-science" that made it "faithful to the source material while updating it – and recognizing what's made that material so enduring isn't just the high-tech cool of a man in a metal suit, but the human condition that got him there".[113] A. O. Scott of The New York Times called the film "an unusually good superhero picture. Or at least – since it certainly has its problems – a superhero movie that's good in unusual ways."[114] Among the specialty press, Garth Franklin of Dark Horizons commended the "impressive sets and mechanics that combine smoothly with relatively seamless CG", and said, "Robert Downey Jr., along with director Jon Favreau [...] help this rise above formula. The result is something that, whilst hardly original or groundbreaking, is nevertheless refreshing in its earnestness to avoid dark dramatic stylings in favor of an easy-going, crowd-pleasing action movie with a sprinkle of anti-war and redemption themes".[115]

text: Among major metropolitan weeklies, David Edelstein of New York magazine called the film "a shapely piece of mythmaking [...] Favreau doesn't go in for stylized comic-book frames, at least in the first half. He gets real with it – you'd think you were watching a military thriller",[116] while conversely, David Denby of The New Yorker gave a negative review, claiming "a slightly depressed, going-through-the-motions feel to the entire show [...] Gwyneth Paltrow, widening her eyes and palpitating, can't do much with an antique role as Stark's girl Friday, who loves him but can't say so; Terrence Howard, playing a military man who chases around after Stark, looks dispirited and taken for granted".[117] IGN's Todd Gilchrist recognized Downey as "the best thing" in a film that "functions on autopilot, providing requisite story developments and character details to fill in this default 'origin story' while the actors successfully breathe life into their otherwise conventional roles".[118] Noting the cultural elements of the film, Cristobal Giraldez Catalan of Bright Lights Film Journal wrote, "Iron Man is far more than playboy fantasy; it is American foreign policy realized without context [... and] with narrative and directorial precision, once again provides the high-fidelity misogyny and anti-Muslim rhetoric Hollywood is known for."[119]

text: Accolades[edit]

text:
Year
Award
Category
Recipient(s)
Result
Ref(s)

2008
MTV Movie Awards
Best Summer Movie So Far
Iron Man
Won
[120]

Teen Choice Awards
Choice Movie: Action
Iron Man
Nominated
[121]

Choice Movie Actor: Action
Robert Downey Jr.
Nominated

Choice Movie Actress: Action
Gwyneth Paltrow
Nominated

Choice Movie: Villain
Jeff Bridges
Nominated

Scream Awards
Best Actress in a Science Fiction Movie or TV Show
Gwyneth Paltrow
Nominated
[122]

2009
People's Choice Awards
Favorite Movie
Iron Man
Nominated
[123]

Favorite Male Action Star
Robert Downey Jr.
Nominated

Favorite Male Movie Star
Robert Downey Jr.
Nominated

Favorite Superhero
Robert Downey Jr. as Iron Man
Nominated

Screen Actors Guild Awards
Outstanding Performance by a Stunt Ensemble

Nominated
[124]

USC Scripter Awards
USC Libraries 21st Annual Scripter Award
Mark Fergus & Hawk Ostby and Art Marcum & Matt Holloway
Nominated
[125]

British Academy Film Awards
Best Special Visual Effects
Shane Mahan, John Nelson, Ben Snow
Nominated
[126]

Grammy Awards
Best Score Soundtrack Album for Motion Picture, Television or Other Visual Media
Ramin Djawadi
Nominated
[127]

VES Awards
Outstanding Visual Effects in a Visual Effects-Driven Feature Motion Picture
Ben Snow, Hal Hickel, Victoria Alonso, John Nelson
Nominated
[128]

Best Single Visual Effect of the Year
Ben Snow, Wayne Billheimer, Victoria Alonso, John Nelson
Nominated

Outstanding Animated Character in a Live Action Motion Picture
Hal Hickel, Bruce Holcomb, James Tooley, John Walker
Nominated

Outstanding Models and Miniatures in a Feature Motion Picture
Aaron McBride, Russell Paul, Gerald Gutschmidt, Kenji Yamaguchi for "Suit Up Machine"
Nominated

Outstanding Compositing in a Feature Motion Picture
Jonathan Rothbart, Dav Rauch, Kyle McCulloch, Kent Seki for "HUD Compositing"
Nominated

Academy Awards
Best Visual Effects
John Nelson, Ben Snow, Dan Sudick, and Shane Mahan
Nominated
[129]

Best Sound Editing
Frank Eulner and Christopher Boyes
Nominated

Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards
Favorite Movie
Iron Man
Nominated
[130]

Empire Awards
Best Film
Iron Man
Nominated
[131]

Best Actor
Robert Downey Jr.
Nominated
[132]

Best Sci-Fi/Fantasy/Superhero
Iron Man
Nominated
[133]

Taurus World Stunt Awards
Hardest Hit
Iron Man
Won
[134]

Best Stunt Coordinator and/or 2nd Unit Director
Thomas R. Harper, Phil Neilson, Keith Woulard
Nominated

Best Fire Stunt
Mike Justus, Damien Moreno, Timothy P. Trella
Won

MTV Movie Awards
Best Movie
Iron Man
Nominated
[135]

Best Male Performance
Robert Downey Jr.
Nominated

Saturn Awards
Best Science Fiction Film
Iron Man
Won
[136][137]

Best Actor
Robert Downey Jr.
Won

Best Actress
Gwyneth Paltrow
Nominated

Best Supporting Actor
Jeff Bridges
Nominated

Best Director
Jon Favreau
Won

Best Screenplay
Mark Fergus & Hawk Ostby and Art Marcum & Matt Holloway
Nominated

Best Score
Ramin Djawadi
Nominated

Best Visual Effects
Iron Man
Nominated

Hugo Awards
Best Dramatic Presentation — Long Form
Iron Man
Nominated
[138]

text: Roger Ebert and Richard Corliss named Iron Man as among their favorite films of 2008.[139][140] It was selected by the American Film Institute as one of the ten best films of the year,[141] and by Empire magazine as one of The 500 Greatest Movies of All Time.[142] Tony Stark was also selected by Empire as one of The 100 Greatest Movie Characters of All Time,[143] and on their list of the 100 Greatest Fictional Characters, Fandomania.com ranked him at number 37.[144]

text: Sequels[edit]

text: Iron Man 2[edit]

text: A sequel written by Justin Theroux and released in the United States on May 7, 2010, saw Favreau, Downey, Paltrow, and Jackson returning. Don Cheadle replaced Terrence Howard in the role of Colonel Rhodes, who is also seen as War Machine. Also starring are Mickey Rourke as villain Ivan Vanko, Sam Rockwell as Justin Hammer, and Scarlett Johansson as S.H.I.E.L.D. agent Natasha Romanoff.

text: Iron Man 3[edit]

text: Walt Disney Studios and Marvel Studios released a second sequel on May 3, 2013,[145] with Favreau opting to direct Magic Kingdom instead, but still reprising his role as Happy Hogan.[146] Downey, Paltrow, and Cheadle also return, while Shane Black took over directing,[147] from a screenplay by Drew Pearce. Guy Pearce also starred as Aldrich Killian, and Ben Kingsley as Trevor Slattery.


document_title: Angela Montenegro

question_text: when do angela and hodgins first get together

root

text: Angela Montenegro

text: Brief character history[edit]

text: Angela Montenegro is the daughter of a fictional representation of Billy Gibbons from ZZ Top (played by the musician himself).[3] Angela was born in Baltimore, Maryland on April 16, she is half-Chinese, and she once mentioned having taken French in school, in "The Body in the Bag", in season 6. Her middle name is meant to be an allusion to her father's guitar "Miss Pearly Gates".[3] According to Angela, in "Mother and Child in the Bay", in season 2, Angela's height is 5'8 and her weight is 135 pounds. In Season 10, Angela's real name is discovered to be Pookie Noodlin. Prior to the revelation, it was well-known that she was so embarrassed by her birth name that she never told anyone, even her husband and closest friends.

tag: p

text: The character of Angela Montenegro is a specialist in forensic facial reconstruction at the fictional Jeffersonian Institution, who frequently works with Dr. Temperance Brennan, her best friend. Angela received her undergraduate degree at the University of Texas at Austin in Visual Arts, with a minor in Computer Science. She also studied Biomedical Illustration at American University. [4] She uses her skills as an artist to develop, maintain, and improve the lab’s three-dimensional graphics and computer simulation systems. She is credited with the innovation of the "Angelator", which is later recreated/replaced with a newer version, the "Angelatron". She is the only member of the Medico-Legal Lab staff who does not hold an advanced degree. In "The Brain in the Bot", in Season 12, Angela wins the MacArthur Fellowship, which is confirmed later to be nominated by Dr. Temperance Brennan, for her "groundbreaking" work with the "Angelatron".

text: Characterization[edit]

text: Throughout the series, Angela Montenegro is described as a "free spirit", "good-time girl" and is a "wild-child" at heart. She is shown to be more socially "normal" than her coworkers at the Jeffersonian, and seems to not consider herself a scientist like the other "squints", instead on multiple occasions referencing facial reconstruction as an "art". In one episode, the character Jack Hodgins was quoted as saying Angela "was the heart of the operation."[5] Angela's more typical social skills are often used by the writers as a balancing point; she demonstrates a need to interact with other people in a way her more awkward colleagues do not.[6] Plotlines have alluded that Angela has extensive romantic experience, once telling Zack Addy to "reap the benefits of my sexual wisdom."[7] She also told Dr. Brennan, "I don't know how to talk to crazy people unless I'm dating them."[8]

text: Angela contemplates leaving the Jeffersonian at one point, under the assumption that her work does not contribute to cases in a meaningful way. She was also unsure of her ability to handle the graphic violence she was exposed to regularly at the lab. However, Dr. Goodman, the director of the Jeffersonian, spoke of the vital importance of her work in adding an element of humanity to the victims, returning their identity. This line of reasoning persuades her to remain at the lab.[8]

text: Romantic Relationships[edit]

text: Kirk Persinger[edit]

text: Season 1 Episode 17, "The Skull in the Desert", reveals that, for "three weeks out of the year, Angela has a boyfriend and a vacation." Angela's first revealed steady boyfriend, Kirk, is a "pseudo-famous photographer" who lives in the desert of New Mexico. Their five-year relationship ends abruptly when Kirk goes off into the desert with his Indian guide and never returns. Angela is prompted to call Temperance for help when a skull is left on the porch of the local sheriff. Dr. Brennan is able to identify that the skull does belong to Kirk and the premise of the episode is discovering what happened to him out in the desert. According to Angela, he was the guy to whom she compared all other guys.[9]

text: Jack Hodgins[edit]

text: Angela and Hodgins met when Angela was brought on to work at the Jeffersonian by Brennan. While initially on good terms, they grew closer throughout season one. At the beginning of season two, Hodgins became obviously interested in her, and pursued her more openly. After a few episodes of palpable sexual tension, Hodgins finally asked Angela on a date in the episode "The Girl with the Curl". While their date was quite successful, Angela broke it off fearing repercussions if things went badly. Later, after Hodgins was rescued from being buried alive, they kissed, and at the end of the episode they went home together. Angela later asked Hodgins if she could sleep at his place one night after being spooked by restored video footage, and soon they were openly involved. After refusing Hodgins' marriage proposal twice, she proposed to him.[10] Their wedding was cut short in the season two finale when it was revealed that Angela was technically married to a man from Fiji, Grayson Barasa.[11] Their relationship ended after a lengthy search for her husband, and issues regarding Jack's trust of Angela.[12]

text: Throughout seasons four and five, the two struggled with their relationship, eventually appearing to form a close, albeit awkward, friendship. After Hodgins declared he would support her during a pregnancy scare while she was dating Wendell Bray, their romantic tension was rekindled. While collecting evidence together for a murder investigation in Maryland, they were pulled over for a moving violation and subsequently jailed for a variety of minor infractions by a local sheriff. Their time spent together led them to re-examine their relationship, and why they broke up. When a judge arrived to post their bail, they were finally married in a civil ceremony with the sheriff as witness.[13] They announced their marriage to their colleagues soon after.[4] At the end of season five, they were planning to spend a year in Paris while Brennan and Booth were away, as neither of them wanted "to break in a new forensic anthropologist and FBI liaison."

text: Upon their return from Paris, Angela discovers that they are expecting their first child. Angela tries to keep her pregnancy a secret from the Jeffersonian team. This is because Angela wants to wait until after the first trimester and Hodgins wants to reveal the pregnancy when the time is right. It is later revealed that if Angela and Hodgins had a daughter, they would name her Temperance, after Dr. Brennan; but strictly as a middle name, because the name Temperance is "awful". Angela's father wanted to name their child "Staccato Mamba" (this came to him in a song). However, the three of them finally agree on the names Katherine Temperance for a girl and Michael Vincent for a boy. In the episode "The Blackout in the Blizzard" Angela and Hodgins find out they are both carriers of Leber's congenital amaurosis, giving their baby a 25 percent chance of blindness. This was a huge devastation for the couple, but in the end they reminded each other that they can handle anything together. Their son was born healthy and without a vision impairment. He was named Michael, as planned, Staccato, as Angela's father wanted, and Vincent, after the late Vincent Nigel-Murray, the full name thus becoming Michael Staccato Vincent Hodgins, but is more commonly known as Michael Vincent.

text: Roxie Lyon[edit]

text: After breaking off her engagement with Hodgins, Angela resumes a relationship first forged in college with Roxie, a woman who currently works as a sculptor and who was, at the time of their reconnection, the suspect in a case. Roxie broke it off with Angela over irreconcilable differences in world view; Angela "lives in the moment" and Roxie wants a partner who plans for the future.[14][15]

text: Wendell Bray[edit]

text: After Brennan's intern, Wendell Bray, gives Angela $45 to help save a baby pig, the two kiss and begin a relationship.[16] Their relationship continued throughout part of Season 5. After they had been dating for a few months, Angela took a pregnancy test which came up positive. This test is later revealed, by a second test that Dr. Saroyan had run, to be a false positive. When Wendell found out, he told her that he would have supported her in her choices because it was his duty. This caused Angela to realize that while Wendell is a good guy, he was not "[her] guy" and subsequently ended their relationship. The break-up was mutual and amicable.[17]

text: Grayson Barasa[edit]

text: It is revealed that, at one point, she married in a kava-influenced ceremony in Fiji. She was unsure whether the marriage was legal and had no knowledge of where her husband was after the ritual; in fact, the United States government considered the marriage valid, and prevented her marriage to Hodgins.[11] When a private investigator tracked down Barasa, he attempted to convince Angela to stay with him, informing her that he had built them a house. Although she had no interest in pursuing anything with him, Barasa's presence eventually precipitated the end of Angela's engagement to Hodgins, because Angela felt that Hodgins did not trust her.[12]