document_title: Beaches (film)

question_text: who played cc bloom as a child in beaches

text: Beaches (film)

text: Plot[edit]

text: The story of two friends from different backgrounds, whose friendship spans more than 35 years through childhood, love, and tragedy: Cecilia Carol "C.C." Bloom (Bette Midler), a New York actress and singer, and Hillary Whitney (Barbara Hershey), a San Francisco heiress and lawyer. The film begins with middle-aged C.C. receiving a note during a rehearsal for her upcoming Los Angeles concert. She leaves the rehearsal in a panic and tries frantically to travel to her friend's side. Unable to get a flight to San Francisco because of fog, she rents a car and drives overnight, reflecting on her life with Hillary.

text: It is 1958; a rich little girl Hillary (Marcie Leeds) meets child performer C.C. (Mayim Bialik) under the boardwalk on the beach in Atlantic City, New Jersey. Hillary is lost and C.C. is hiding from her overbearing stage mother (Lainie Kazan). They become fast friends, growing up and bonding through letters of support to each other. A grown-up Hillary goes on to become a human rights lawyer, while C.C.'s singing career is not exactly taking off. They write to each other regularly and give updates on their lives. Hillary shows up at the New York City dive bar where C.C. is performing, their first meeting since Atlantic City. She moves in with C.C. and gets a job with the ACLU. C.C. is now performing singing telegrams, leading to a job offer from John (John Heard), the artistic director of the Falcon Players, after she sings his birthday telegram.

text: A love triangle ensues as Hillary and John are instantly attracted to one another, leaving C.C. in the cold and feeling resentment toward her best friend. Matters are made worse when Hillary and John sleep together on the opening-night of C.C.'s first lead in an off-Broadway production. When Hillary returns home to care for her ailing father, the two friends resolve their issues about John, as John does not have romantic feelings for C.C. After her father passes away, Hillary spends time at her family beach house with lawyer Michael Essex (James Read), eventually marrying him. C.C. and John spend a lot of time together, start dating and eventually marry. Hillary and Michael travel to New York to see C.C. perform on Broadway, where she has become a star. When C.C. finds out that Hillary has stopped working as a lawyer, she accuses Hillary of giving up on her dreams. Hillary responds that C.C. has become no more than a "pretentious social climber" who is obsessed with her career. After the argument, Hillary ignores C.C.'s letters, throwing herself into being a dutiful, but unchallenged, wife.

text: John tells C.C. that her self-centeredness and obsession with her career has him feeling left behind and he asks for a divorce. Despite the separation, John tells her, 'I love you, I'll always love you. I just want to let go of us before us gets bad.' Upset at the thought of her marriage failing, C.C. turns to her mother, who lives in Miami Beach. Her mother tells her that she has given up a lot for her daughter, and C.C. starts to understand when her mother tells her the effect that her selfishness has had on those closest to her. Meanwhile, Hillary returns home from a trip earlier than expected to find her husband having breakfast with another woman, both wearing pajamas. When Hillary learns that C.C. is performing in San Francisco, she makes contact for the first time in years. They learn of each other's divorces, then discover that they have been secretly jealous of each other for years: Hillary is upset that she has none of the talent or charisma that C.C. is noted for, while C.C. admits she has always been envious of Hillary's beauty and intelligence. The two then realize that their feud could have been avoided by honest communication.

text: Hillary tells C.C. that she is pregnant and that she has already decided to keep the baby and raise the child as a single parent, a decision that wins her much admiration from the feisty and independent C.C., who promises she will stay and help her out. C.C. even starts talking of settling down and having a family of her own, having become engaged to Hillary's obstetrician. However, when C.C.'s agent calls with the perfect comeback gig for her, C.C. quickly abandons her fiancé and any notions of the domestic life and races back to New York City, discovering that the comeback gig is at her ex-husband John's theater, bringing her full circle to where she began her theatrical career. Hillary eventually gives birth to a daughter, whom she names Victoria Cecilia (Grace Johnston). When Victoria is a young girl, Hillary finds herself easily exhausted and breathless, a state she attributes to her busy schedule as a mother and a lawyer. When she collapses while at court she is diagnosed with viral cardiomyopathy, requiring a heart transplant if she is to live. Having a rare tissue type, she realizes she will most likely die before a heart is found.

text: In the meantime C.C. has become a big star, having won a Tony award and completed her latest hit album. When she learns of Hilary's illness she agrees to accompany Hillary and Victoria to the beach house for the summer. Hillary becomes depressed due to her debilitated state and inadvertently takes her frustration out on C.C. who she sees having fun with and connecting with Victoria. Hillary eventually begins to accept her prognosis bravely, appreciating her time with Victoria and C.C. Hillary and Victoria return to San Francisco, while C.C. heads to Los Angeles for her concert. While Victoria is packing to travel to the concert, Hillary collapses, leading to the note C.C. receives at the start of the movie which prompted her overnight drive to San Francisco. C.C. takes Hillary and Victoria to the beach house. The two friends watch the sun setting over the beach, transitioning directly to a scene of C.C. and Victoria at a cemetery (all with C.C. singing "Wind Beneath My Wings" in the background). After the funeral, C.C. tells Victoria that her mother wanted her to live with her. C.C. admits that she is very selfish and has no idea what kind of a mother she will make, but also tells her: "there's nothing in the world that I want more than to be with you". She then takes Victoria into her arms and the two console each other in their grief. C.C. goes forward with her concert, and after the show, she leaves hand-in-hand with Victoria, and begins telling stories of when she first met her mother. C.C.'s and Victoria's voices fade as we hear the younger C.C. and Hillary from 1958: "Be sure to keep in touch, C.C., OK?" "Well sure, we're friends aren't we?" The film ends with a young C.C. and Hillary taking pictures together, in a photo booth, on the day they first met.

text: Cast[edit]

text:
Bette Midler as Cecilia Carol "C.C." Bloom

Mayim Bialik as 11-year-old Cecilia Carol "C.C." Bloom

Barbara Hershey as Hillary Whitney

Marcie Leeds as 11-year-old Hillary Whitney

John Heard as John Pierce
Spalding Gray as Dr. Richard Milstein
James Read as Michael Essex
Lainie Kazan as Leona Bloom
Grace Johnston as Victoria Essex
Lynda Goodfriend as Mrs. Myandowski
Tracy Reiner as Department Store Clerk
Jenifer Lewis as Diva
Joe Grifasi as Otto Titsling
Phil Leeds as Sammy Pinkers
Frank Campanella as Doorman
Kathleen Marshall as Delivery Room Nurse #1
Barbara Marshall as I.C. U. Nurse #2
Scott Marshall as Car Rental Agent
Hector Elizondo as Judge
Garry Marshall as Audition Director
Marc Shaiman as Pianist

text: Music[edit]

text: The film's theme song, "Wind Beneath My Wings", hit number one on the Billboard Hot 100 charts and won Grammy Awards for Record of the Year and Song of the Year in 1990.

text: Box office[edit]

text: The film took in $5,160,258 during its opening weekend beginning January 21, 1989. It grossed $57,041,866 domestically.[3]

text: Home media[edit]

text: The film was released on VHS by Touchstone Home Video in August 1989, with a DVD release on August 13, 2002, followed by a special-edition DVD on April 26, 2005.

text: Accolades[edit]

text: Included on the soundtrack was Midler's performance of "Wind Beneath My Wings", which became an immediate smash hit. The song went on to win Grammys for Record of the Year and Song of the Year in 1990.

text: It was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Art Direction (Albert Brenner and Garrett Lewis).[4]

text: The film is recognized by American Film Institute in these lists:

text:
2004: AFI's 100 Years...100 Songs:

"Wind Beneath My Wings" – #44[5]

text: Television remake[edit]

text: Lifetime announced a remake of the film, which aired on January 22, 2017. The updated version was directed by Allison Anders with the script by Bart Barker and Nikole Beckwith, and Idina Menzel plays the role of C.C.[6][7] Nia Long plays the role of Hillary alongside Menzel. The film includes the songs "Wind Beneath My Wings" and "The Glory of Love".[8] [9]

text: Stage adaptation[edit]

text: A musical stage adaptation has been written, based on the book by Iris Rainer Dart, with lyrics and book by Dart and Thom Thomas (book) and music by David Austin. The musical premiered at the Signature Theatre, Arlington, Virginia in February 2014. The musical was directed by Eric D. Schaeffer, with Alysha Umphress as Cee Cee Bloom and Mara Davi as Bertie White.[10][11]

text: The musical next opened at the Drury Lane Theatre, Oakbrook, Illinois in June 2015 (previews). Again directed by Schaeffer, Shoshana Bean plays Cee Cee and Whitney Bashor plays Bertie.[12] The choreographer is Lorin Latarro, with scenic design by Derek McLane, lighting design by Howell Binkley, costume design by Alejo Vietti and sound design by Kai Harada.[13]


document_title: Alex Smith

question_text: who did the chiefs trade alex snith for

question_tokens: who did the chiefs trade alex snith for

root

text: Alex Smith

text: Early life[edit]

text: Born in Bremerton, Washington,[3] Smith grew up in La Mesa, California. His father, Douglas D. Smith, was the Executive Director at the high school that Alex attended, Helix Charter High School, until June 30, 2012.[4]

tag: p

text: As a starter for the Helix Scotties during his junior and senior years, Smith led his team to a record of 25–1, including two San Diego CIF section championships. He was named to the first-team all-conference and all-county squads in the San Diego CIF system. Smith also earned the conference offensive player of the year twice, and twice won the team MVP for Helix. During his time at Helix, Smith set a school record by throwing for six touchdowns in one game, and recorded the second-highest completion percentage in San Diego CIF history. While at Helix, he played with 2005 Heisman Trophy-winner (since vacated) Reggie Bush. Smith and Bush were later finalists for the 2004 Heisman, making it the first time a high school had two finalists at the same ceremony.[5]

text: Smith was president of his senior class in high school, and earned college credits through a program with San Diego State University and having taken a dozen Advanced Placement tests.[6]

text: College career[edit]

text: Smith attended the University of Utah and played for the Utah Utes, wearing number 11.[7] He finished fourth in voting for the 2004 Heisman Trophy and was selected as the 2004 Mountain West Conference Player of the Year.[8] Smith posted a 21–1 record as a starter in college, while leading a high-powered spread offense under head coach Urban Meyer.[9][10] He led the Utes to victories in the 2003 Liberty Bowl and the 2005 Fiesta Bowl.[11][12] Smith earned a bachelor's degree in economics in two years[13] with a 3.74 GPA,[14] having matriculated with 64 credit hours earned before attending college,[15] and began work on a master's degree before being drafted.[14]

text: College statistics[edit]

text:
Passing
Rushing

Season
Team
GP
Cmp
Att
Pct
Yds
TD
Int
Att
Yds
TD

2002
Utah
2
2
4
50.0
4
0
1
2
−11
0

2003
Utah
11
173
266
65.0
2,247
15
3
149
452
5

2004
Utah
12
214
317
67.5
2,952
32
4
135
631
10

Totals
25
389
587
66.3
5,203
47
8
286
1,072
15

tag: table

text: Professional career[edit]

text:
Pre-draft measurables

Ht
Wt
40-yard dash
10-yd split
20-yd split
20-ss
3-cone
Vert jump
Broad
Wonderlic

6 ft 4 in
(1.93 m)
217 lb
(98 kg)
4.7 s
1.67 s
2.80 s
3.96 s
6.82 s
32 in
(0.81 m)
9 ft 5 in
(2.87 m)
40[16]

All values from NFL Combine[17]

text: At the NFL combine, Smith recorded a 4.7 time in the 40-yard dash, and had a 32-inch vertical leap.[18] He also earned a score of 40 out of 50 on the Wonderlic exam.[19]

text: The San Francisco 49ers, who held the first overall pick, had hired a head coach with a strong personality in Mike Nolan. Nolan thought Smith to be cerebral, introspective, and non-confrontational. Nolan also evaluated Aaron Rodgers but did not believe that Rodgers's attitude could co-exist with him.[20] Smith was the first overall pick in the 2005 NFL Draft, selected by the San Francisco 49ers.[21] In July 2005, Smith agreed to a six-year, $49.5 million contract with the 49ers; the contract included $24 million in guaranteed money.

text: San Francisco 49ers[edit]

text: 2005–2006 seasons[edit]

text: Dealing with an injury and being taken in and out of the lineup by then-head coach Mike Nolan, Smith played in nine games in his rookie season, recording just one touchdown pass, against the Houston Texans, while throwing 11 interceptions.[22][23]

text: After the challenges faced by his rookie campaign, Smith went into the 2006 season with a new offensive coordinator (Norv Turner) and an improved set of offensive weapons around him. The 49ers used their top draft choice on tight end Vernon Davis. They also upgraded their offensive backfield, trading underachieving running back Kevan Barlow to the Jets, making Frank Gore the feature back.

text: Smith also spent the off-season working daily with his new coordinator, wide receivers and tight end, while working to improve his technique and add bulk. The improved offensive cast clearly helped Smith develop in his second year, especially early. Smith's first three games of the season saw him throw three touchdowns, no interceptions, and amass 814 yards. After struggling in Kansas City, he then threw for three touchdowns against the Oakland Raiders, setting a career-high.[24] However, the next five games saw Smith resume his growing pains, averaging only 153 yards per game while throwing only six touchdowns and nine interceptions. Despite his difficulty, he led the 49ers on a three-game winning streak in November.[25]

text: Smith met Joe Montana for the first time on November 5, 2006, during a game against the Vikings. The 49ers wore the throwback jerseys of the 1989 team which Joe Montana and teammates wore. The 49ers went on to win 9–3, upsetting the Minnesota Vikings.[26]

text: In need of a statement game, the 49ers traveled to Seattle for a Thursday Night Football game against their division rivals. During the broadcast on NFL Network, Cris Collinsworth noted that if he were starting an NFL franchise, he would have taken the Broncos rookie quarterback Jay Cutler before Alex Smith and fellow rookies Matt Leinart and Vince Young – and that Smith was not even close to the others.[27] Going into the 4th quarter, the 49ers were trailing the Seahawks 7–3, and pulling out a win looked unlikely. Smith however performed brilliantly in the fourth quarter, and drove the 49ers on a long touchdown drive down the field early, taking a narrow 10–7 lead. Late in the quarter, with the same score, Smith struck again – shaking off an almost certain sack, rolling to the left and completing a pass to Frank Gore for a touchdown to give the 49ers a 10-point lead. On the next drive, Smith cemented the victory by leading yet another touchdown drive, and rushing for a touchdown on a naked bootleg. Collinsworth had earlier in the game observed that "Alex Smith is the best I've ever seen him. That drive is the best I saw," and on seeing his touchdown run, commented "What a second-half he has had!"[27]

text: After losing to the Cardinals the following week, the 49ers final game of the 2006 season was against a Denver Broncos team looking for a playoff berth. In a major upset, the 49ers defeated the Broncos and knocked them out of the playoffs. During the game at INVESCO Field, Smith threw for 194 yards and a touchdown, leading the team to a come from behind victory for the second time in three weeks.[28]

text: Overall, Smith improved in his second year by throwing as many touchdowns as interceptions. He threw for 16 touchdowns, 16 interceptions, 2,890 yards, and a 74.8 quarterback rating, all improvements over his rookie year.[29] Alex also became the first 49ers quarterback in club history to take every snap from center over the course of a season in 2006.

text: 2007 season[edit]

text: Smith entered the 2007 season learning under a third offensive coordinator in three seasons. Norv Turner was hired as the head coach by the San Diego Chargers. Jim Hostler replaced Turner. Hostler's system involved a mixture of the offensive system installed by Turner with elements of the West Coast offense installed by Mike McCarthy for the 2005 season. During the offseason, the 49ers added wide receivers Darrell Jackson, Ashley Lelie, and rookie Jason Hill as new offensive targets for Smith.

text: In the season opener on Monday Night Football against the Arizona Cardinals, Smith led the 49ers to a 20–17 win in a two-minute comeback. While down 17–13 with less than two-minutes left, Smith drove down the field, highlighted by a 25-yard scramble. After the scramble, he threw a 22-yard pass to Arnaz Battle that was fumbled on the one-yard line, but recovered by a 49er so the ball was placed back on the one-yard line with 26 seconds left. The following play Battle ran an end around for the game-winning touchdown. Smith finished the game 15 for 31 with 126 yards and two rushes for 37 yards.[30]

text: On September 30 in the first quarter of a game against the Seattle Seahawks, Smith injured his right shoulder after getting sacked by Seahawks defensive tackle Rocky Bernard. Smith suffered a grade-three separation and the initial diagnosis was that surgery would not be required. Smith missed the next three games before returning to the 49ers' starting lineup on Sunday, October 28, 2007.

text: The 49ers did not win another game until November 25.[31] Among all NFL quarterbacks who qualify for league statistics, only the Jets' Kellen Clemens had a poorer passer rating than Smith (57.2), Smith completed under 50% of his passes, far below the league average of 60%. Smith was at odds with 49ers head coach Mike Nolan over the severity of his injury. Nolan publicly inferred that Smith was not fighting through the injury, while Smith felt that the injury still affected his ability to throw accurately, an account that was supported by players from the Seahawks.[32][33][34] Nolan decided to rest Smith following a loss in that game to the Seahawks on November 12 and start Trent Dilfer to allow Smith's shoulder to recover. Following the decision, orthopedic surgeon James Andrews said that upon further examination the shoulder did not heal as significantly as Andrews thought it would, and on December 11, 2007, Smith was placed on injured reserve to undergo surgery on the shoulder, ending his season.[35]

text: 2008 season[edit]

text: Smith entered training camp competing for the starting quarterback job with Shaun Hill, who won both of the games he started in 2007, before suffering a back injury against the Tampa Bay Buccaneers, and journeyman J. T. O'Sullivan. Smith would be learning under a fourth different offensive coordinator in four seasons; Jim Hostler was fired and replaced by former Detroit Lions offensive coordinator and St. Louis Rams offensive coordinator/head coach Mike Martz. Unlike the previous three seasons, where offensive continuity was somewhat maintained, Martz's system was completely different. Smith lost the starting job in training camp to O'Sullivan,[36] who was elevated to starting quarterback, partly due to his familiarity with Martz's offense when he was a member of the Detroit Lions.

text: On September 10, the 49ers placed Smith on injured reserve after Dr. James Andrews confirmed the team's diagnosis of a broken bone in his shoulder,[36] believed to have been caused by a wire left in his shoulder from the previous surgery, which had sawed through the bone.[37] Regardless, the 49ers' general manager, Scot McCloughan, said that the 49ers expected to release Smith before the 2009 season, when they would owe him a salary of $9,625,000.[38]

text: After Nolan was fired on October 20, 2008,[33] the 49ers expressed interest in having Smith remain for the 2009 season if he was willing to renegotiate his contract.[39] On March 10, 2009, the 49ers announced that his contract had been successfully restructured and that he would stay with the team. He took a considerable paycut to remain with the 49ers, with whom he would be under contract for the next two years.[40] Smith was to make $4 million a season in 2009 and 2010, in addition to base salaries that were not immediately made known. In his previous contract, he was scheduled to make $24.6 million in the final two years.[41]

text: 2009 season[edit]

text: After the pay cut, Smith said that he was ready to compete for the starting quarterback spot, primarily against Shaun Hill.[42]

text: Mike Singletary became the head coach after a successful term as the interim head coach in 2008, and Martz was fired as offensive coordinator due to the huge differences in offensive philosophies between himself and Singletary. Jimmy Raye II was hired to replace him, marking Smith's fifth different offensive coordinator in five seasons. During the offseason, the 49ers drafted Michael Crabtree to be the featured receiver that Smith had been lacking throughout his NFL career. After restructuring his contract with San Francisco, Smith lost the battle for the starting quarterback position to Shaun Hill. However, in a Week 7 game against the Houston Texans, Smith replaced Hill in the third quarter, after Hill had performed poorly and the Niners faced a 21–0 first half deficit. Smith led the team back with three touchdown passes, all to tight end Vernon Davis, but fell short of victory, 24–21.[43] Singletary named Smith as the 49ers' starting quarterback the next day at his weekly press conference on October 26.[44]

text: After his return as the 49ers' starting quarterback, Smith displayed signs of progress, despite the team's 3–4 record in his first seven starts.[45] He led the 49ers to a Week 12 victory, 20–3, against the visiting Jacksonville Jaguars, throwing for 232 yards with two touchdown passes while posting a 96.8 passer rating.[46] In a Week 13 match-up against the NFC West division rival Seattle Seahawks, he recorded the first 300-yard passing game of his career, completing 27 of 45 throws with two touchdown passes.[47] Overall, he finished the season with 2,350 passing yards, 18 touchdowns, and 12 interceptions as the 49ers finished with a 8–8 record.[48][49]

text: 2010 season[edit]

text: Smith entered the 2010 season as the starting quarterback. For the first time in his career, he returned under the same offensive coordinator from the previous season, as Raye was retained. However, continuity in a poor system resulted in the team starting 0–5, and on September 27, Raye was fired and replaced by quarterbacks coach Mike Johnson. Under Johnson, Smith was expected to run a variation of the spread offense that he ran in college. The 49ers continued to build their team having now drafted Anthony Davis and Mike Iupati with their two first round picks to provide more protection. On September 8, Coach Singletary announced that Smith was named one of the team's captains.[50]

text: In week 5, Smith was booed at home and the crowd chanted for his backup, David Carr, before leading the 49ers to two scoring drives to close within three points. However, he was hit as he threw on the third drive attempt, resulting in an interception and a 24–27 loss, dropping the 49ers to 0–5.[51][52] Smith once again suffered an injured shoulder[53] in the 49ers week 7[54] game against the Carolina Panthers and was not available to play week 8 against the Denver Broncos in London. He was replaced by Troy Smith, who had 14 games of experience in the NFL before joining the 49ers organization just before the start of the regular season. Troy Smith took Smith's position after winning 2 straight victories against the St. Louis Rams and the Denver Broncos.[55]

text: However, following a loss to the Green Bay Packers in Week 13 that left the 49ers with a 4–8 record, Troy Smith was demoted to backup in favor of Alex Smith. Smith would start against Seattle in Week 14 in a game the 49ers needed to win to stay in contention in the NFC West.[56]

text: Smith acknowledged that his performances needed to be more consistent.[57] On December 12, 2010, the 49ers played the Seahawks in San Francisco. Smith was booed by the Candlestick crowd after the first two plays. However, the boos turned to cheers after Smith helped lead the 49ers to a 40–21 victory over a division rival.[58] The win moved the 49ers one game behind the division leaders (Rams and Seahawks) with three games left to play. However, the 49ers struggled the following Thursday night against the San Diego Chargers and Troy Smith started the following game against the Rams. Troy Smith struggled in the loss to the Rams and Alex relieved Troy Smith in that game. After the game, Singletary was fired and Alex finished the season starting against the Cardinals. The 49ers finished the season 6–10 and Smith became a free agent after the season.[59] After his firing, Singletary said, "You gotta have a quarterback."[32] Smith had won just 19 games in 50 career starts through 2010.[60]

text: In 2010, he was chosen as the 11th-smartest athlete in sports by Sporting News.[61][62][62]

text: 2011 season[edit]

text: The 49ers hired Jim Harbaugh as the new head coach, and Greg Roman replaced Johnson as the new offensive coordinator. Harbaugh, a former quarterback, was the best teacher the 49ers had since Norv Turner in Smith's second season.[63] Harbaugh made it known to Smith that he was welcomed back on the team. Smith's family wanted him to leave San Francisco.[32] Although he was unsigned, Smith organized the players' workouts during the 2011 NFL lockout and helped to install Harbaugh's new offense.[64] After the lockout ended, Smith signed a one-year $5 million contract with the 49ers.[65][66] Smith was named the starting quarterback heading into the regular season, and Harbaugh believed Smith could succeed in the coach's West Coast offense.[66]

text: During the season, Smith's game showed marked improvement, especially in his leadership and intangibles. While he did not put up big numbers, he helped the 49ers win games through efficient play, minimizing mistakes and controlling the clock. In Philadelphia in week 4, Smith rallied the team from a 23–3 second-half deficit to win 24–23, completing 9 of 9 passes for 179 yards and 2 touchdowns in the third quarter alone.[67] Two weeks later, Smith led his third come-from-behind road victory of the year with a six-yard fourth and goal touchdown pass to tight end Delanie Walker, beating the Lions in Detroit 25–19.[68] In a week 10 matchup against the New York Giants, he completed 19 out of 30 passes for 242 yards. The Giants shut down the 49ers' run game (Frank Gore was held to zero yards on six carries before leaving the game in the second half) and Smith was instrumental in the 27–20 victory.[69]

text: By the time the 2011 season was finished, Smith had helped lead the 49ers to a 13–3 record in the regular season, including five come-from-behind victories in which four were on the road, and the 49ers earned a first-round bye in the playoffs.[70] After 3 head coaches, 7 offensive coordinators, and 17 different starting wide receivers in the span of 7 seasons with the 49ers,[32] Smith would finally make his first playoff appearance.

text: While the 49ers finished with their most wins since 1997,[71] they did it while ranked 29th of 32 teams in the NFL in total passing yardage for 2011 (including yardage lost from sacks),[72] and Smith was often cynically referred to as a game manager.[73][74] In this manner, the New York Times wrote that Smith was "a steady, if unspectacular, player surrounded by a solid team" in 2011, whose career year "underscored how much he struggled previously."[73] It was his first season with over 3,000 yards passing,[75] and he set personal single-season highs in virtually every relevant statistical category commonly cited for quarterbacks: in pass attempts with 445,[75] in completions with 273,[75] in completion percentage with 61.3 percent,[75] in passing yards with 3,144,[75] in average per pass with 7.1 yards per attempt,[75] in overall passer rating with 90.7,[75] in rushing attempts with 52,[75] in rushing yards with 179,[75] and in total touchdowns scored with 19 (17 passing & 2 rushing),[75] all while being sacked a league-high 44 times.[75] He also threw a league-low 5 interceptions in 2011,[76] breaking a 49ers franchise record, and setting yet another personal single-season best in fewest passes intercepted per attempt with a 1.123 percent interception rate,[77] likewise the lowest percentage in the league that year.[76]

text: In the NFC Divisional round of the playoffs, Smith led the 49ers to a win over the New Orleans Saints, with a final score of 36–32. Smith threw for 299 yards, three touchdown passes, and no interceptions while rushing for an additional touchdown. Smith led touchdown drives of 80 and 85 yards in the final 4:02.[78] He scored on a 28-yard touchdown run, and he threw a game-winning 14-yard touchdown pass to Vernon Davis with nine seconds remaining, eschewing a more conservative open receiver that would have settled for a field goal and a tie.[64][79] Analyst Ron Jaworski said "Alex Smith won the game, not Alex Smith by not making mistakes. His performance won the game for them."[63] Smith also became the first quarterback in NFL playoff history to lead two go-ahead touchdowns in the final 3 minutes of a game.[64] The 49ers lost 20–17 in overtime to the New York Giants in the NFC Championship Game. Smith completed 12 of 26 passes for 196 yards and two touchdowns, but the team turned the ball over twice on special teams.[80] Smith was chosen by teammates as winner of the Ed Block Courage Award, annually awarded to the player that exemplifies a commitment to sportsmanship and courage.[81] Smith made the USA Today All-Joe Team, an award which is given to the best players not to make the Pro Bowl.[82]

text: 2012 season[edit]

text: Smith became a free agent following the 2011 season. The 49ers were reported to be interested in signing Peyton Manning, who had just been released by the rebuilding Indianapolis Colts, leading Smith to visit the Miami Dolphins, reportedly with the intent to sign with the Dolphins if the 49ers signed Manning. Shortly after Manning made the decision to join the Denver Broncos, Smith signed a three-year contract worth $24 million to remain with the 49ers.[83] During the offseason, the 49ers added wide receivers Randy Moss and Mario Manningham in free agency, and A. J. Jenkins in the first round of the 2012 NFL Draft to improve a passing game that lacked production from the receivers the previous season. Smith began the 2012 season as the 49ers' starting quarterback. Smith completed 18-of-19 passes for 232 yards and three touchdowns without an interception in a 24–3 Monday night win over Arizona, and San Francisco was 6–2 after eight games.[84] In the following game against St. Louis, Smith suffered a concussion in the second quarter, throwing a touchdown with blurred vision before exiting the game. He was replaced by Colin Kaepernick, and the game ended in a 24–24 tie.[85]

text: Smith missed the following game, and Kaepernick was 16 for 23 for 243 yards with two touchdowns in a 32–7 win over Chicago.[85] Harbaugh was impressed with Kaepernick, and said "we have two quarterbacks that have a hot hand" while dismissing any rule that a player should not lose their starting job due to an injury.[86][87] A quarterback controversy began. Smith was ranked third in the NFL in passer rating (104.1), led the league in completion percentage (70%), and had been 19–5–1 as a starter under Harbaugh, while Kaepernick was considered more dynamic with his scrambling ability and arm strength.[88][89] Smith was medically cleared to play the day before the following game, but Harbaugh chose not to rush him back and again started Kaepernick, who threw and ran for a touchdown in a 31–21 win over New Orleans.[90][91] The following week, Harbaugh announced that Kaepernick would start for the 8–2–1 49ers, while also stating that the assignment was week-to-week and not necessarily permanent.[92] However, Kaepernick remained the starter as the 49ers again qualified for the playoffs.[84] Harbaugh has stated that Smith had been more of a coach to Kaepernick later into the 2012 season than even he was.[93] Before losing the starting quarterback job, Smith was on pace to set career highs in completion percentage, passing yards, yards-per-attempt, passing touchdowns and rushing yards.[94] Smith was named to the USA Today All Joe Team for the second year in a row, and was also named the captain of the team.[95]

text: Kansas City Chiefs[edit]

text: 2013 season[edit]

text: On February 27, 2013, the 49ers agreed to trade Smith to the Kansas City Chiefs for the Chiefs' second round pick in the 2013 NFL Draft and a conditional pick in the 2014 NFL Draft.[96] The deal became official at the beginning of the new league year on March 12.[97]

text: After the trade became official, Chiefs head coach Andy Reid stated that Smith would be the starting quarterback for the 2013 season. Smith's job as the starter was solidified during OTA's (Organized Team Activities, a term usually referring to NFL pre-season activities). According to coaches and teammates, Smith displayed a very high "football IQ," and his accuracy in passing was lauded as the best many had ever seen. According to Kansas City's quarterbacks coach, Smith was "super intelligent" and had all of the intangibles that he looked for in a quarterback.[98] The Chiefs were the last unbeaten team in the 2013 NFL season with Smith winning his first nine regular-season starts, gaining 1,919 passing yards with nine touchdowns compared to four interceptions.[99] Smith earned his first and only perfect passer rating on December 15, 2013. He was 17 of 20, with 287 yards and 5 touchdowns, four of them going to Jamaal Charles, in a victory over the Oakland Raiders.[100] Alex Smith and the Chiefs lost to Andrew Luck and the Indianapolis Colts in the AFC Wild-Card Playoff Game on January 4, 2014. Smith threw 4 touchdowns, completing 30 of his 46 pass attempts for 378 yards and no interceptions, while also carrying the ball 8 times for 57 yards. However, he did commit his team's only turnover, losing a fumble. The final score of the game was 45–44 in favor of the Colts.[101]

text: Smith was elected to his first Pro Bowl at the end of the season as a replacement for Tom Brady.[102] In the game, Smith led all quarterbacks in yards, tied for most touchdowns, and led the game-winning touchdown drive at the end of the game for a 22–21 win.[103]

text: 2014 season[edit]

text: On August 31, 2014, Smith and the Chiefs agreed to a four-year contract extension.[104] Smith appeared in 15 games and completed 65.3% of his passes in the 2014 season while throwing for 3,265 yards and 18 touchdowns to only six interceptions.[105] However, the Chiefs finished with a 9-7 record and did not qualify for the playoffs.[106]

text: 2015 season[edit]

text: After another strong season in 2015, Smith was elected to the Pro Bowl as an alternate, but turned down the offer. He once again lead the Chiefs to the playoffs, where the Chiefs defeated the Houston Texans 30-0 in the Wild Card round. Smith threw for 190 yards, a touchdown, and one interception in the victory over the Texans. He also rushed 5 times for 27 yards, and had a 64-yard scramble, which was called back due to a holding penalty.[107] The Chiefs went on to lose 27-20 against the New England Patriots in the divisional round.[108] The Chiefs became the first team ever to start the season 1-5 and win a playoff game. At the end of the season, Sports Illustrated named him the best looking quarterback in the NFL, an honor previously won by Tom Brady.[109] He was named team MVP for 2015 alongside safety Eric Berry. In the regular season Smith threw for 3,486 yards, 20 touchdowns, and only 7 interceptions, with a completion percentage of 65.3, passer rating of 95.4, and 7.4 yards per attempt. He also rushed 84 times for 498 yards, 2 touchdowns, and an average of 5.9 yards per carry.[110] At the end of the season, he was recognized as the 81st best player by his peers on the NFL Top 100 Players of 2016.[111]

text: 2016 season[edit]

text: In Week 1, Smith led a fourth quarter comeback over the San Diego Chargers to win the game 33–27 in overtime after facing a 24–3 deficit with six minutes left in the third quarter. Smith won the game in overtime with a two-yard rushing touchdown. This became the largest comeback win in Chiefs history as the Chiefs started the 2016 season on a positive note.[112] In 2016, Smith posted a career-high passing yards with 3,502 and a career-high 328 completions despite missing one game.[113] In addition, he ran for a career-high five touchdowns, with three of them coming in the last three games.[114] He was ranked 81st by his fellow players, for the second consecutive year, on the NFL Top 100 Players of 2017.[115]

text: 2017 season[edit]

text: During the season opener on Thursday Night Football on September 8, Smith finished with 368 passing yards and four touchdowns as the Chiefs pulled off a 42–27 victory over the defending Super Bowl champion New England Patriots.[116][117] Smith's 368 passing yards and four passing touchdowns were both the second most in a game in his career.[118] Smith's performance in Week 1 led all eligible passers in yards and earned him AFC Offensive Player of the Week, marking the first time that he won the award.[119] During Week 13 against the New York Jets, Smith finished with 366 passing yards and 4 touchdowns. After the first 2 minutes and 46 seconds have passed in the first quarter, Smith quickly got 2 touchdown passes to Travis Kelce. However, the performance was overshadowed as defensive penalties and errors proved to be costly as the Chiefs lost 31-38.[120] With his performance against the Jets, Smith became the first player in the modern era to have both a 70-yard pass and a 70-yard run in the same game.

text: With a playoff spot already secured, Smith was given a rest in Week 17, and Chiefs' 2017 1st round pick Patrick Mahomes II made his NFL debut against the Denver Broncos.[121] Smith finished the 2017 regular season with a career-high 26 touchdowns. For his performance in the season, he was named an alternate for the Pro Bowl. On January 12, 2018, the NFL announced that he will play in the Pro Bowl as an injury replacement for Philip Rivers.[122] Overall, in the 2017 season, Smith finished with 4,042 passing yards, 26 touchdowns, and five interceptions.[123] In the Wild Card Round against the Tennessee Titans, Smith had 264 passing yards and two touchdowns in the 22–21 defeat.[124]

text: Washington Redskins[edit]

text: On January 30, 2018, the Chiefs agreed to trade Smith to the Washington Redskins in exchange for a 3rd round pick in the 2018 NFL Draft, along with cornerback Kendall Fuller.[125] The trade became official on March 14, the first day of the new league year.[126]

text: NFL career statistics[edit]

text:
Legend

Bold
Career high

text:
Passing
Rushing

Season
Team
GP
W-L
Cmp
Att
Pct
Yds
TD
Int
Rtg
Att
Yds
TD

2005
San Francisco
9
2-5
84
165
50.9
875
1
11
40.8
30
103
0

2006
San Francisco
16
7-9
257
442
58.1
2,890
16
16
74.8
44
147
2

2007
San Francisco
7
2-5
94
193
48.7
914
2
4
57.2
13
89
0

2009
San Francisco
11
5-5
225
372
60.5
2,350
18
12
81.5
24
51
0

2010
San Francisco
11
3-7
204
342
59.6
2,370
14
10
82.1
18
60
0

2011
San Francisco
16
13-3
273
445
61.3
3,144
17
5
90.7
52
179
2

2012
San Francisco
10
6-2-1
153
218
70.2
1,737
13
5
104.1
31
132
0

2013
Kansas City
15
11-4
308
508
60.6
3,313
23
7
89.1
76
431
1

2014
Kansas City
15
8-7
303
464
65.3
3,265
18
7
93.4
49
254
1

2015
Kansas City
16
11-5
307
470
65.3
3,486
20
7
95.4
84
498
2

2016
Kansas City
15
11-4
328
489
67.1
3,502
15
8
91.2
48
134
5

2017
Kansas City
15
9-6
341
505
67.5
4,042
26
5
104.7
60
355
1

Totals
166
88-62-1
2,877
4,613
62.4
31,888
183
96
87.4
523
2,433
14

text:
Passing
Rushing

Season
Team
GP
Cmp
Att
Pct
Yds
TD
Int
Rtg
Att
Yds
TD

2011
SF
2
36
68
52.9
495
5
0
101.0
7
70
1

2013
KC
1
30
46
65.2
378
4
0
119.7
8
57
0

2015
KC
2
46
72
63.9
436
2
1
84.0
14
71
0

2016
KC
1
20
34
58.8
172
1
1
69.7
2
9
0

2017
KC
1
24
33
72.7
264
2
0
116.2
4
13
0

Totals
7
156
253
61.7
1,745
14
2
97.4
35
220
1

text: Records[edit]

text: NFL[edit]

text: This section does not cite any sources. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (November 2017) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

text:
Most passes to start a season without throwing an interception (287) 2017.
First quarterback to lead two lead changing drives in the final 2 minutes (2011 divisional playoffs versus Saints)
Most consecutive passes in the Playoffs without an Interception (119)
Perfect game (158.3 QBR) vs Raiders Week 15 2013

tag: ul

text: 49ers franchise[edit]

text:
Most game winning drives in a single season: 6 (2011)[127]
Most 4th quarter comeback wins in a single season: 6 (2011)[127]
Fewest interceptions in a single season: 5 in 2011 (16 starts)[127]
Most consecutive pass attempts without an interception: 249[128][129]

text: Chiefs franchise[edit]

text:
Most rushing yards by a quarterback, season: 498 (2015), previously: 431 (2013)
Most passing touchdowns, playoff game: 4 (2013–14 divisional playoffs vs Colts)
Most consecutive passes without an interception: 312 (Week 3–Week 14, 2015) 2nd all-time in NFL history
Most wins by a quarterback through first three seasons.
Highest passer rating, career (min. 500 attempts): 92.2[130]
Highest completion percentage, career (min. 500 attempts): 64.5[131]
Highest completion percentage, season (min. 200 attempts): 67.1 (2016)[132]
Highest completion percentage, playoff game: 77.3 (vs Texans 2015–16 Wildcard Playoffs)
Lowest percentage passes had intercepted, career (min. 500 attempts): 1.5[133]
Highest completion percentage In a game (minimum 20 passes) : 86.4 (Week 6 2016 vs Raiders)

text: Personal life[edit]

text: Smith has a brother, Josh, and two sisters, Abbey and MacKenzie. One of Smith's great-grandfathers was an Austrian immigrant of Serbian descent who immigrated to the U.S. from the Austro-Hungarian Empire when he was 12 years old. To honor him, Smith, his brother, and his father are each tattooed with four firesteels, the traditional Serbian cross. His sisters have said they will do the same.[134] Smith's uncle, John L. Smith, is a college football head coach,[135] and his cousin, Chris Shelton, was a former Major League Baseball player.[136] In 2014, Alex was awarded an honorary degree by his alma mater, the University of Utah, where he also delivered the commencement speech for the graduating class.[137]

text: Smith married former Oakland Raiders cheerleader Elizabeth Barry in 2009. In May 2011, the couple had their first child, a son named Hudson. In 2013, they had their second child, Hayes.

text: In 2007, Smith started The Alex Smith Foundation and the Alex Smith Guardian Scholars Program, which helps send foster teens to college.[138] He started the program with $500,000,[138] and continues to personally fund the majority of the charity with his own money.[139] The Boston Globe held up Smith's foundation as a model charity that properly allocated its funding, noting that it "raised $839,244 between 2008 and 2010 and spent 91 percent of the funds on scholarships and grants".[140]


document_title: Purple martin

question_text: where do purple martins go in the winter time

text: Purple martin

text: Description and taxonomy[edit]

text: Purple martins are a kind of swallow, of the genus Progne. Like other members of this genus, they are larger than most of the other swallows. The average length from bill to tail is 20 cm (7.9 in). Adults have a slightly forked tail. Adult males are entirely black with glossy steel blue sheen, the only swallow in North America with such coloration. Adult females are dark on top with some steel blue sheen, and lighter underparts. Subadult females look similar to adult females minus the steel blue sheen and browner on the back. Subadult males look very much like females, but solid black feathers emerge on their chest in a blotchy, random pattern as they molt to their adult plumage.[2]

text: This species was first described by Linnaeus in his Systema naturae in 1758 as Hirundo subis.[3] The current genus name refers to Procne (Πρόκνη), a mythological girl who was turned into a swallow to save her from her husband. She had killed their son to avenge the rape of her sister. The specific subis is Latin and refers to a type of bird that breaks eagles’ eggs; it may have been applied to this species because of its aggression towards birds of prey when it is nesting.[4]

text: The species of this genus are very closely related, and some view the purple martin, gray-breasted martin, snowy-bellied martin, and southern martin, as a superspecies.[5]

text: Subspecies[edit]

text:
P. s. subis, is the nominate form, with the typical features of the species, breeds in eastern and mid-western North America.
P. s. hesperia of the Mexico and the southwestern United States, is distinguished primarily by its nesting habits.
P. s. arboricola of western mountains is large with females paler on underparts.

text: Distribution and habitat[edit]

text: Purple martins' breeding range is throughout temperate North America.[6] Their breeding habitat is open areas across eastern North America, and also some locations on the west coast from British Columbia to Mexico.[7] Martins make their nests in cavities, either natural or artificial. In many places, humans put up real or artificial hollow gourds, or houses for martins, especially in the east, where purple martins are almost entirely dependent on such structures. As a result, this subspecies typically breeds in colonies located in proximity to people, even within cities and towns. This makes their distribution patchy, as they are usually absent from areas where no nest sites are provided. Western birds often make use of natural cavities such as old woodpecker holes in trees or saguaro cacti.[2][5]

text: The purple martin migrates to the Amazon basin in winter. Its winter range extends into Ecuador[8] but does not seem to ascend far up the Andean foothills.

text: The first record of this species in Europe was a single bird on Lewis, Scotland, on 5–6 September 2004, and the second was on the Azores on 6 September 2004.

text: Conservation status[edit]

text: Purple martins suffered a severe population crash in the 20th century widely linked to the release and spread of European starlings in North America. Starlings and house sparrows compete with martins for nest cavities. Where purple martins once gathered by the thousands, by the 1980s they had all but disappeared. [9]

text: Relationship with humans[edit]

text: The population of eastern purple martins (nominate form P. s. subis) is dependent on artificial martin houses of wood or aluminum and fake plastic gourds, supplied by individuals and organizations fond of the bird. This tradition was in place even before the population crash; Native Americans are said to have hollowed out gourds and erected them for this purpose. The situation requires ongoing maintenance, as European starlings and house sparrows compete with martins as cavity-nesters, and will fight with martins over nest sites. Starlings have even been known to kill purple martins, especially nestling young, and house sparrows have been known to evict purple martins from their nests. Thus, unmonitored purple martin houses are often overtaken by more aggressive, non-native species.[2] Purple martin proponents are motivated by the concern that the purple martin would likely vanish from eastern North America were it not for this assistance.[10]

text: Behavior[edit]

text: Migration[edit]

text: Wintering in South America, purple martins migrate to North America in spring to breed. Spring migration is somewhat staggered, with arrivals in southern areas such as Florida and Texas in January, but showing up in the northern United States in April and in Canada as late as May. Males usually arrive at a site before females.[2]

text: Fall migration is also staggered, as birds head south when the breeding season is over. Some birds leave as early as July and others stay as late as October. Martins generally migrate over land, through Mexico and Central America. When not breeding, martins form large flocks and roost together in great numbers. This behavior begins just prior to the southern migration and continues on the wintering grounds.[2]

text: Breeding[edit]

text: Males arrive in breeding sites before females, and establish their territory. A territory can consist of several potential nest sites. After forming a pair, both the male and female inspect available nest sites. This process is complicated by the fact that artificial nest sites could be houses with many rooms, clustered gourds, or single gourds. The nest is made inside the cavity of such artificial structures and retains a somewhat flat appearance. The nest is a structure of primarily three levels: the first level acts as a foundation and is usually made up of twigs, mud, small pebbles and in at least a few reported cases, small river mollusk shells were used; the second level of the nest is made up of grasses, finer smaller twigs; the third level of construction composing the nest, is a small compression usually lined with fresh green leaves where the eggs are laid. Three to six eggs are laid, and the female is the main incubator, with some help from the male. Purple martins are generally known to raise only a single brood. Fledging, when the young leave the nest, occurs at about one month, after which the parents continue to feed the fledgling young.[2]

text: Diet[edit]

text: Purple martins are aerial insectivores, meaning that they catch insects from the air. The birds are agile hunters and eat a variety of winged insects. Rarely, they will come to the ground to eat insects. They usually fly relatively high, so, contrary to popular opinion, mosquitoes do not form a large part of their diet.[2] Recent research, however, does indicate that the Purple Martin feeds on invasive fire ants (Solenopsis invicta) and that they may make up a significant portion of their diet.[11]

text: Vocalization[edit]

text: Purple martins are fairly noisy, chirping and making sounds that have been described as chortles, rattles, and croaks.[5] The various calls are said to be "throaty and rich" and can be rendered as tchew-wew, pew pew, choo, cher, zweet and zwrack. The males have a gurgling and guttural courtship song, a dawn song, and even a subsong used at the end of the breeding season.[5][12] Tapes of purple martin song are sold to attract martins to newly established birdhouses.

text:
Purple martin

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text: Footnotes[edit]

text:
Jump up ^ BirdLife International (2012). "Progne subis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2013.2. International Union for Conservation of Nature. Retrieved 26 November 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g Brown, Charles R. Purple Martin (Progne subis); The Birds of North America Online (A. Poole, eds. Ithaca: Cornell Lab of Ornithology http://bna.birds.cornell.edu/bna. Retrieved 1 November 2009.  Missing or empty |title= (help)
Jump up ^ Linnaeus (1758
Jump up ^ Jobling, James A (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. pp. 317, 371. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4.
^ Jump up to: a b c d Turner, Angela K.; Rose, Chris (1989). Swallows & Martins. Boston: Houghton Mifflin. pp. 7, 123–126. ISBN 0-395-51174-7.
Jump up ^ Attenborough, D. The Life of Birds. 1998. BBC p 297. ISBN 0563-38792-0
Jump up ^ See AOU (2000) for details.
Jump up ^ Guayas and Orellana Provinces: Cisneros-Heredia (2006).
Jump up ^ Hunn, Eugene S. (1982). Birding in Seattle and King County. Seattle Audubon Society. pp. 107–108. ISBN 0914516051.
Jump up ^ "Purple Martin Conservation Association".
Jump up ^ Helms IV, Jackson A., Bridge, Eli S., Godfrey, Aaron P, and Ames, Tayna. (2015): The Purple Martin Update. "Fire Ant Exterminators". 24-27.
Jump up ^ Peterson (1980): p.202

tag: ol