document_title: Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (2014 film)

question_text: who does the voices of teenage mutant ninja turtles

text: Plot[edit]

text: April O'Neil, a local reporter for Channel 6 Eyewitness News in New York City, investigates a crime wave by a group of criminals called the Foot Clan. At a dock at night, she sees the Foot raiding cargo containers. After an unseen vigilante attacks the thieves, April notices a symbol left behind. April's supervisor Bernadette Thompson (Whoopi Goldberg) and her coworkers are oblivious to her story. Later while covering a charity event thrown by Sacks Industries, April expresses gratitude to the company's CEO Eric Sacks, who was her late father's lab partner.

text: Frustrated by the vigilante, the Foot Clan's leader Shredder has the Foot Soldiers take hostages at a subway station in order to draw him out. April, at the scene, becomes a hostage herself. Four mysterious figures arrive, take out the Clan, and free the hostages. April follows them to a rooftop and is shocked to see that the vigilantes are anthropomorphic mutant turtles, causing her to pass out. When she regains consciousness, they advise her not to tell anyone of them. As they leave, April hears Raphael and Leonardo's names.

text: April returns to her apartment and remembers "Project Renaissance", her father's science experiment, which involved four turtles named Leonardo, Donatello, Michelangelo, Raphael, and a mutated rat called Splinter. Unable to convince Bernadette of the Turtles' existence, April is dismissed. Her coworker Vern Fenwick drives her to Sacks' estate where she confides in him about her discovery. Sacks believes her and reveals that he and April's father had been experimenting on a mutagen created to cure disease, which was thought lost in the fire that killed her dad.

text: At Splinter's behest, the Turtles bring April to their sewer lair. Splinter explains April had saved them all from the fire and freed them into the sewers. The mutagen caused the five of them to grow and develop humanoid attributes. Splinter took on the role of their father, using April's father as an example. After finding a book on Ninjutsu in a storm drain, he proceeded to teach himself, then the Turtles, in the fighting style. When April reveals she told Sacks about her discovery of the Turtles, Splinter informs her that Sacks turned on her father and killed him.

text: Then, Shredder and the Foot Soldiers attack the lair, defeating Splinter and incapacitating Raphael while the other Turtles are captured. April comes out of hiding and she and Raphael plan to save the others. At Sacks' estate, he has the Turtles' blood drained in order to create an antidote to a deadly virus that Sacks hopes to flood New York with, believing he will become rich from people seeking his cure. Raphael, April, and Vern storm the estate and free the other Turtles. The group then escapes the compound in pursuit of Sacks.

text: On a radio tower in the city, Sacks and Shredder plant a device that will flood the city with the virus while Sacks is preparing to convert the mutagen to healing factor. April and Vern subdue Sacks in the lab, while the Turtles are battling Shredder on the roof. During the fight, the tower's support beams collapse. As the turtles try to keep it from falling and infecting the city, April confronts Shredder with the mutagen. In the struggle, the tower collapses and the Turtles pull April onto it with them, while Shredder falls to the street and is confronted by police. Believing they are about to die, the Turtles confess their secrets, while Raphael gives an impassioned speech of his love for his brothers before they land harmlessly on the street. They vanish before the humans find them and return to the sewers, where they give Splinter the mutagen and he begins to recover.

text: Sometime later, April meets with Vern, who tries and fails to ask her on a date. The Turtles appear in a special modified "Turtle Van", and Michelangelo accidentally blows up Vern's new car with a rocket. As police respond to the explosion, the Turtles leave, but not before Mikey tries to serenade April with "Happy Together" by the band The Turtles, much to his brothers' annoyance and April's amusement.

text: Cast[edit]

text: Live-action actors[edit]

text: Megan Fox as April O'Neil

text: Malina Weissman as Young April O'Neil

text:
Will Arnett as Vern Fenwick
William Fichtner as Eric Sacks
Tohoru Masamune as The Shredder [8]
Whoopi Goldberg as Bernadette Thompson
Minae Noji as Karai
Abby Elliott as Taylor
Taran Killam as McNaughton
K. Todd Freeman as Dr. Baxter Stockman
Paul Fitzgerald as Dr. O'Neil
Derek Mears as Dojo Ninja

text: Voice actors and motion-capture[edit]

text:
Pete Ploszek (motion-capture) and Johnny Knoxville (voice) as Leonardo
Alan Ritchson as Raphael
Noel Fisher as Michelangelo
Jeremy Howard as Donatello
Danny Woodburn (motion-capture) and Tony Shalhoub (voice) as Splinter

text: Production[edit]

text: Development[edit]

text: In October 2009, following the news of Nickelodeon purchasing all of Mirage's rights to the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles property, it was announced that Nickelodeon would produce a new film through corporate sibling Paramount Pictures with an expected release date sometime in 2012.[9] In late May 2010, it was announced that Paramount and Nickelodeon had brought Michael Bay and his Platinum Dunes partners Bradley Fuller and Andrew Form on to produce the next film that will reboot the film series. Bay, Fuller, and Form would produce alongside Walker and Mednick.[10] For the script, the studio originally hired Art Marcum and Matt Holloway to write the film for close to a million dollars. According to TMNT co-creator Kevin Eastman, the John Fusco version was a little too edgy for what Paramount wanted.[11] A year later, the studio turned to writers Josh Appelbaum and André Nemec to rewrite the script.[12][13] In February 2012, Jonathan Liebesman began negotiations to direct the film, beating out Brett Ratner.[14] Later in March, it was announced that Paramount had pushed back the film's release date to Christmas Day 2013.[15] In early March 2012, Bay revealed at Nickelodeon's 2012 upfront presentation that the film will be simply titled Ninja Turtles and that the turtles would be "from an alien race".[16][17] News of Bay's creative change was met with criticism from within the fan community.[18]

text: In response to the announcement, actor Robbie Rist, who voiced Michelangelo in the first three films, wrote to Bay accusing him of "sodomizing" the franchise. Rist later remarked that he could have been out of line since Bay makes more money than he does.[19] In response to the feedback, Bay issued a statement asking fans to calm down since a script had not been revealed, his team was working closely with the creators, and would include all the elements that made them fans to begin with.[20] Both Brian Tochi, who voiced Leonardo in the first three films, and Judith Hoag, who played April O'Neil in the first film, have voiced their support towards the creative change.[21] TMNT co-creator Peter Laird expressed his thoughts on the change asking fans to take Bay's advice and wait until more of Bay's plan is made available. Laird also stated that he felt the "ill-conceived plan" could be a "genius notion," as it would allow fans to have the multitude of bipedal anthropomorphic turtles that they have been asking for. He would point out that while the concept of a turtle-planet backstory made for a great run-of-the-mill science fiction story, it had no real place in the Ninja Turtles universe.[22]

text: Franchise's co-creator Kevin Eastman stated that he had been invited behind the scenes of the film, and concluded that he was officially on board with the project and that, although he could not say much, he believes it to be "awesome".[23] Via Twitter, Corey Feldman, who voiced Donatello in the first and third films, voiced his support for the film saying that he loves Bay's remakes and he is eager to reprise his role.[24] In response to the backlash, Liebesman stated that he was glad to hear about the fans' response, since he and Eastman had been locked in a room working on ideas that, from his own perspective as a fan, everybody would love.[25] While he would not confirm whether or not Bay's comment did represent the film's premise, he did stress on the ooze itself and its background in the original comic, reminding that the ooze was the product of alien technology. In regards to how the Turtles would be rendered, Liebesman would not say exactly what visual direction would be taken, but he did state that he enjoyed Weta Digital's work in Rise of the Planet of the Apes. He also pointed out that the film would not be exclusively about action but will also focus on brotherhood, friendship, and responsibility.[26]

text: In late March 2012, Bay posted on his website explaining the title change and stressing that nothing had changed regarding the Turtles. He stated the reason the title was shortened was a request by Paramount to make the title "simple". He continued that the Turtles were the same as fans remember and regardless of the title change they still act like teenagers. He urged everyone to give everybody who was involved a chance, as they had the fans interest at top priority and would not let anybody down.[27] On June 12, 2012, Eastman revealed some of the things for the film stating that April would not be 16 years old like in the 2012 cartoon series, he feels Ken Watanabe would make a great Shredder, he would like to bring Reyes back as a Foot lieutenant, and martial arts wise they are looking at Fist of Legend and The Raid: Redemption.[28] Three days later, it was reported that production for this project had been shut down. While the release date had been pushed back five months, the work stoppage for the film was said to be "indefinite".[29] However, other sources said that the film would be released on May 16, 2014, due to problems in that script that need to be corrected.[30][31] In July 2012, Eastman called it "easily the best Turtle movie yet".[32] Kevin Eastman stated that the movie is creating its own story but has to be true to the source material or else they will get "murdered".[33]

text: In August 2012, an early version of the script, dated January 30, 2012, titled "The Blue Door" and written by Appelbaum and Nemec, was leaked online. It featured major changes to the origins: the Turtles hail from another dimension that consists of turtle warriors, Splinter is an alien from the same dimension as well, Shredder is "Colonel Schrader", a government agent who is secretly an alien who can grow blades from his body, "The Foot Clan" is just "The Foot", an elite Black Ops unit led by Col. Schrader, Casey Jones is an 18-year-old security guard/amateur ice hockey player that finds the Turtles and is the focus of the film, April is also 18 and is having relationship troubles with Casey because she is moving to New York City due to an internship at CBS, Raphael is the comic relief instead of Michelangelo, and Michelangelo falls in love with a turtle woman from his home planet.[34] A cease and desist order was sent by Paramount Pictures to a website that was hosting the script.[35] Peter Laird read the script and commented on his blog that "all true TMNT fans should be grateful to the new 'powers that be' that they did not allow this wretched thing to go any further."[36] In response to The Blue Door, Bay stated that the draft had been written before he and Platinum Dunes joined the project and was promptly rejected some time before.[37] On January 12, 2013, Production Weekly revealed the film would start filming in April 2013 in New York.[38][39] The following month, the studio pushed back the film's release date until June 6, 2014, and a new writer, Evan Daugherty, was brought on board.[40] On August 15, 2013, Paramount postponed the release date to August 8, 2014, in order to avoid competition with family-friendly films released in June 2014 as well as one of Paramount and Michael Bay's other releases, Transformers: Age of Extinction.[41]

text: Casting[edit]

text: In mid-February 2013, actress Megan Fox was reported to be cast as April O'Neil,[42] marking her first collaboration with Bay since her remark comparing him to Adolf Hitler.[43] Bay confirmed Fox is back in good terms with him as early as April 2011.[43] Jessica Biel had expressed interest in playing the part.[44] In regards to Fox's casting, Laird commented that he felt there were better choices to play April, but that he would prefer not to get too worked up over the issue.[45]

text: A month later, it was reported that Alan Ritchson, Pete Ploszek, Jeremy Howard and Noel Fisher were cast as Raphael, Leonardo, Donatello and Michelangelo respectively.[46][47] In early April, Will Arnett was cast in a role that was being kept secret until leaked photos revealed that he had been cast as April's cameraman and rival, Vern Fenwick.[48][49] Soon after that, actor Danny Woodburn joined the cast as Splinter.[50]

text: In early May, William Fichtner was cast in the film as "a lead with iconic stature in the Turtles' mythology," marking his third collaboration with Bay following Armageddon and Pearl Harbor.[51] On June 22, 2013, Fichtner revealed to the Huffington Post that his character was named "Eric Sacks."[52][53] At this point in production, Sacks was intended to be the film's version of the Shredder, but this idea was subsequently abandoned in favour of casting actor Tohoru Masamune as an authentically Japanese incarnation of the character. The movie underwent reshoots to change this element of the plot, with Sacks being changed to the Shredder's adopted son.[54]

text: Also in May, former Saturday Night Live star Abby Elliott was cast in the film.[55] Also, it was revealed that Whoopi Goldberg appeared on set, and that she is portraying Bernadette Thompson, a female version of Burne Thompson.[56] In October 2013, William Fichtner revealed that Bebop and Rocksteady would not be appearing in the film.[57] In March 2014, it was revealed that Abby Elliott would be playing April O'Neil's roommate.[58] In April 2014, Elliott revealed that her character will be named Taylor, and on April 3, actors Johnny Knoxville and Tony Shalhoub joined the film to dub Ploszek and Woodburn as the voices of Leonardo and Splinter respectively.[59][60]

text: Filming[edit]

text: Principal photography commenced March 22, 2013, in Tupper Lake, New York.[61] Shooting began in April in New York City and at Jones Beach State Park in Wantagh on Long Island, New York under the code words "four squared" (4SQ).[62] On April 20, 2013, the film was renamed Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles.[63] On April 29, 2013, Michael Bay retracted comments that the turtles would be aliens.[64] Early set photos were made public showing the turtles' actors in black and grey motion capture suits, complete with life-sized turtle shells, with each actor wearing arm bands and accents of their corresponding turtle's signature color.[65] Brazilian cinematographer Lula Carvalho, who was invited to work in the film during production of the 2014 remake of RoboCop, described the process as "demanding much imagination and participation of the visual effects supervisor", given that despite their presence on the set the actors would effectively be replaced by computer-generated creatures.[66] Production for the film wrapped on August 6, 2013.[67] Additional filming occurred in January and April 2014.[68][69][70]

text: Visual effects[edit]

text: The visual effects of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles were handled by Industrial Light & Magic, who had previously worked with Michael Bay before, doing the special effects for the Transformers film series. To make sure the digital turtles had more nuanced facial expressions, the technicians employed a new motion capture system that captured the actors' faces with two high-definition cameras, which captured roughly 1 terabyte of data per day.[71] Along with a more realistic design, the effects artists wanted the Ninja Turtles to be "charming, intimidating and individually recognizable".[72] Thus each had a distinctive body figure resembling their personalities and physicality. According to effects supervisor Pablo Helman, “Donatello is more like a basketball player, Raph is more like a football player and Mikey is a very short Messi and plays soccer.”[73]

text: Music[edit]

text: The film's score was composed by Brian Tyler. The soundtrack was released by Atlantic Records on August 5, 2014.

text: Release[edit]

text: The release date was moved around several times until it was set for August 8, 2014.[5] The film premiered on July 29, 2014, in Mexico City.[1][74][75] Premiere events also occurred in Los Angeles and New York City.[76][77] On September 12, 2014, the film was released in IMAX 3D for a one-week limited engagement.[78]

text: Marketing[edit]

text: A teaser trailer for the film was shown at Cinema Con on March 24, 2014,[79] before its public release on March 27.[80] The trailer reached over 31.4 million views on YouTube in its first week.[81] On April 13, 2014, the first TV spot for the movie was released.[82] A second version of the teaser trailer was released on April 30, 2014.[83] Footage of the film was shown at CineEurope with an introduction from Megan Fox.[84] On June 18, 2014, Playmates Toys announced they have a new product line of toys based entirely on the film, including action figures, vehicles and role play gear.[85] Nickelodeon Consumer Products also announced a complete merchandise lineup of movie-based products that will be available in all major retailers from July 2014 through the holiday season.[86] On June 23, 2014, Paramount gave fans the opportunity to see new posters and a new trailer by voting for their favorite turtle on Twitter.[87] The following day, Paramount released a new trailer which includes the single "Reptile's Theme Song" by Skrillex.[88][89] A second TV spot for the film was released on July 3, 2014.[90] On July 7, 2014, Pizza Hut announced a new advertising campaign for the film, which included the return of the chain’s Cheesy Bites Pizza, social media contests themed around the film, and a television advertisement featuring the new movie incarnations of the characters.[91] On July 10, 2014, four motion posters of the turtles were released and new TV spot debuted that day as well.[92][93] Another new TV spot was released on July 15, 2014.[94] An extended behind-the-scenes featurette was shown after the 2014 Kids' Choice Sports Awards.[95] On July 21, 2014, a single titled "Shell Shocked" by Juicy J, Wiz Khalifa, and Ty Dolla $ign featuring Kill the Noise and Madsonik was released, as it is part of the movie's soundtrack.[96] An extended TV spot debuted the following day.[97] Paramount promoted the film on July 24, 2014, at San Diego Comic-Con International.[98][99] Five new TV spots were released that day as well.[100] The music video for the song, "Shell Shocked" debuted on July 28, 2014.[101] On August 1, 2014, Paramount debuted eleven new TV spots for the film.[102] On August 4, 2014, Pentatonix released a new song titled "We Are Ninjas" and a music video as part of the promotion for the film.[103][104]

text: In Australia, a poster was released which featured the four turtles jumping from an exploding skyscraper as promotion for its September 11 release.[105] The poster offended many people since the World Trade Center was destroyed back in 2001 during the September 11 attacks.[105] Paramount apologized and removed the poster.[106]

text: Home media[edit]

text: Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles was released on Digital HD on November 25, 2014, and was released on DVD and 2D and 3D Blu-ray on December 16, 2014.[107][108] The film topped the home video sales charts in its first week and achieved the highest ratio of disc sales to theatrical tickets sales its first week in stores.[109] It retained the top spot on the home video sales chart in its second weekend.[110]

text: Reception[edit]

text: Box office[edit]

text: Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles grossed $191.2 million in North America and $302.1 million in other countries for a worldwide total of $493.3 million, against a budget of $125 million.[4] Deadline.com estimated that it was the 15th most profitable film of 2014.[111]

text: On its opening day, the film grossed $25.6 million, including $4.6 million from Thursday night showings.[112][113] In its first weekend, Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles opened in first place with $65.6 million,[114] which exceeded Paramount and box office analysts's predictions of a $40 to $45 million opening,[115] and achieved the fourth highest weekend debut for the month of August.[114] The movie remained at the number one spot in its second weekend by grossing $28.5 million (down 56.5%),[116] but slipped to number two for its third weekend (grossing $16.7 million, down 41.4%), as Guardians of the Galaxy reclaimed the top spot.[117]

text: The film led the foreign box office during the weekend lasting from October 31 through November 2, 2014, by grossing $34.7 million ($26.5 million coming from China).[118]

text: Critical response[edit]

text: Rotten Tomatoes, a review aggregator, reports that 22% of 136 surveyed critics gave the film a positive review; the average score is 4.2/10. The site's critical consensus reads, "Neither entertaining enough to recommend nor remarkably awful, Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles may bear the distinction of being the dullest movie ever made about talking bipedal reptiles."[119] On Metacritic, the film has a score of 31 out of 100 based on 33 critics, indicating "generally unfavorable reviews".[120] Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "B" on an scale of A+ to F.[121]

text: Kyle Smith of the New York Post gave the film one out of four stars, saying "The comedy-action mash-up is as weird as if the Dark Knight took a break from belting the Joker to plug Pizza Hut and bang out a hiphop beat on his nunchucks."[122] Sandie Angulo Chen of the Washington Post gave the film two out of four stars, saying "While this reboot is fun, it's also forgettable and occasionally infuriating."[123] Joe Neumaier of the New York Daily News gave the film zero stars, saying "Even youngsters may wonder why any hint of charm or fun has scurried away. Those new to the franchise may withdraw their head into their neck, turtle-like."[124] Rafer Guzman of Newsday gave the film two out of four stars, saying "Rougher and slightly funnier than the 1990 original, but still harmless junk at best."[125] Peter Howell of the Toronto Star gave the film one and half stars out of four, saying "Not much of an effort is made to differentiate the personalities of the turtles, who all frankly look as grotesque as a Terry Gilliam cartoon."[126] Nicolas Rapold of The New York Times said "Attached to this movie, the title no longer sounds zany; it looks like a series of keywords."[127] Mark Olsen of the Los Angeles Times said "There is something half-hearted about the entire film, as if those behind it were involved not because they wanted to make it, not because they should make it, but just because they could."[128] Kyle Anderson of Entertainment Weekly gave the film a C+, saying "Too-brief thrills only shine a harsher light on the film's laborious pacing and cringeworthy one-liners spilling from the maws of the ninja teens."[129]

text: Nancy Churnin of The Dallas Morning News gave the film a B, writing "The turtles (engagingly voiced by Alan Ritchson, Noel Fisher, Johnny Knoxville and Jeremy Howard) look terrific" and "The best part is that the film has heart".[130] Justin Lowe of The Hollywood Reporter gave the film a positive review, saying "Liebesman relies on his genre-film resume to keep events moving at a brisk clip and the motion-capture process employed to facilitate live-action integration with cutting-edge VFX looks superior onscreen."[131] Justin Chang of Variety said the film is "Neither a particularly good movie nor the pop-cultural travesty that some were dreading."[132] A.A. Dowd of The A.V. Club gave the film a C+, saying "What the new Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles lacks is not fidelity, but a spirit of genuine boyish fun -- the sense that anyone involved saw more than a very specific shade of green in the freshly digital scales of these 30-year-old characters."[133] Soren Anderson of The Seattle Times gave the film one out of four stars, saying "If ever there was a movie that should not have been made, this is that movie."[134] Drew Hunt of Chicago Reader said "The light, comedic tone is weighed down by unimaginative pop-culture references and half-witted one-liners."[135] Bill Goodykoontz of The Arizona Republic gave the film two out of five stars, saying "It's just kind of a mess, as unfocused and immature as the four mutant turtles at its core. Stuff happens, stuff blows up and this is probably a good time to mention that Michael Bay produced the film."[136] Alonso Duralde of The Wrap gave the film a negative review, saying "Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles is a movie that takes its characters and its premise seriously, until it doesn't, and that operates at two speeds: tortoise (ponderous) and hare (head-spinning)."[137]

text: Adam Graham of The Detroit News gave the film a B-, saying "There's enough turtle power to please kids and fans of the original series."[138] Steven Rea of The Philadelphia Inquirer gave the film two out of four stars, saying "The kind of cliched, misfit crimefighters-versus-demented villains scenario that Kevin Eastman and Peter Laird happily parodied when they came up with the original Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles comic books way back in the 1980s."[139] Tom Russo of The Boston Globe gave the film one and a half stars out of five, saying "The repartee, as ever, is weak. Even with all the extra layers of digital detail, it's still tough to keep these four straight."[140] Cliff Lee of The Globe and Mail gave the film one and a half stars out of four, saying "For having gone to the trouble of making a self-descriptive movie called Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles, its producers seem ultimately unsure about its most basic concept."[141] James Berardinelli of ReelViews gave the film one and a half stars out of four, saying "Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles doesn't so much provide brainless enjoyment as it pummels the viewer into submission. "Shell-shocked" is a reasonable description of the experience."[142] Chris Cabin of Slant Magazine gave the film one out of four stars, saying Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles only leaves one with the dim afterglow of forced normalcy, of a film so overworked to ensure mass-market appeal that it loses the charming oddness and loose goofiness that has allowed these characters, and their "frothy" appeal, to endure."[143]

text: Accolades[edit]

text:
List of awards and nominations

Year
Award
Category
Recipients
Result

2015

35th Golden Raspberry Awards
Worst Picture
Nominated

Worst Prequel, Remake, Rip-off or Sequel

Worst Director
Jonathan Liebesman

Worst Screenplay
Josh Appelbaum, André Nemec and Evan Daugherty

Worst Supporting Actress
Megan Fox
Won

28th Kids' Choice Awards
Favorite Movie
Nominated

Favorite Movie Actor
Will Arnett (also for The Lego Movie)

Favorite Movie Actress
Megan Fox

text: Video games[edit]

text: Magic Pockets released a Nintendo 3DS game based on the film on August 8, 2014, to coincide with the movie.[144] A mobile game, also based on the film, was released on July 24, 2014.[145]

text: Sequel[edit]

text: Noel Fisher revealed in an interview that all four of the turtle actors have signed on for three films.[146]

text: Liebesman and Fuller have confirmed that Casey Jones as well as Bebop and Rocksteady will appear in the sequels.[147][148][149] There are also plans for Krang and Dimension X in the sequels as well.[150] On August 10, 2014, Paramount announced that a sequel will be released on June 3, 2016, with Michael Bay returning as producer and Josh Appelbaum and André Nemec coming back as screenwriters and executive producers.[6][7] Fox and Arnett returned in the sequel along with the character Shredder.[149]

text: In December 2014, it was revealed that Dave Green, director of Earth to Echo, is in talks to direct the sequel.[151][152] Green was confirmed as the film's director three months later.[153] In January 2015, Fuller and Form told that the sequel would start filming in New York and Buffalo in April 2015.[153][154][155] In March 2015, Victoria's Secret's supermodel Alessandra Ambrosio was cast as herself and a love interest to Vern, also Los Angeles Clippers and Charlotte Hornets players DeAndre Jordan, Matt Barnes, J.J. Redick, Austin Rivers and Spencer Hawes made cameos in the film. It was also announced that actor Stephen Amell has been cast as Casey Jones for the sequel.[156][157][158] In April 2015, Paramount officially confirmed that Bebop and Rocksteady would appear in the sequel and showed the first images of them at CinemaCon.[159] Variety announced that Tyler Perry was cast as Baxter Stockman and Brian Tee portrayed Shredder in the sequel.[160][161] In May 2015, Gary Anthony Williams and Stephen "Sheamus" Farrelly were cast as Bebop and Rocksteady respectively.[162][163] Brittany Ishibashi also replaced Noji as Karai in the sequel.[164] Johnny Knoxville did not return to voice Leonardo in the sequel as he was not asked to reprise the role.[165] Instead, Pete Ploszek did both motion-capture and voice.


document_title: Box score (baseball)

question_text: what does tb mean in baseball box score

question_tokens: what does tb mean in baseball box score

root

text: Box score (baseball)

text: Line score[edit]

text: The line score is a two-line chart that reports each team's run totals by inning, and total runs, total hits, and total errors on a line. The visiting team is on the top line and the home team on the bottom line. The terms top of the inning and bottom of the inning are derived from their positions in the line score.  Sometimes, the winning team is bolded or colored for quick-reference.  If the home team is already leading and does not bat in the bottom of the 9th inning, that position in the line score will have an "X" instead of a number of runs scored.

tag: p

text: Line score for the Brooklyn Dodgers–New York Giants pennant-winning game of October 3, 1951:

text:
Team
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
R
H
E

Brooklyn
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
0
4
8
0

New York
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
4
5
8
0

WP: Larry Jansen   LP: Ralph Branca

tag: table

text: Box score[edit]

text: The box score lists the line score as well as individual and team performance in the game. The statistics used are those recorded by the official scorer of each game.

text: The following box score is of a notable game in baseball history, game 6 of the 1991 World Series.

text:
Saturday, October 26, 1991
Hubert H. Humphrey Metrodome, Minneapolis, Minnesota

Atlanta      0 0 0   0 2 0   1 0 0   0 0 – 3 9 1
Minnesota    2 0 0   0 1 0   0 0 0   0 1 - 4 9 0

Atlanta Braves     ab  r  h rbi
Smith dh            3  1  0   0
Pendleton 3b        5  1  4   2
Gant cf             5  0  0   1
Justice rf          4  0  0   0
Bream 1b            4  0  1   0
Mitchell pr,lf      0  0  0   0
Hunter lf,1b        5  0  0   0
Olson c             5  0  0   0
Lemke 2b            4  1  2   0
Belliard ss         2  0  1   0
Gregg ph            0  0  0   0
Blauser ph,ss       2  0  1   0
Totals             39  3  9   3

Minnesota Twins    ab  r  h rbi
Gladden lf          4  1  0   0
Knoblauch 2b        5  1  1   0
Puckett cf          4  2  3   3
Davis dh            4  0  0   0
Mack rf             4  0  2   1
Leius 3b            3  0  2   0
Pagliarulo ph,3b    1  0  0   0
Hrbek 1b            4  0  0   0
Ortiz c             2  0  0   0
Harper ph,c         2  0  0   0
Gagne ss            4  0  1   0
Totals             37  4  9   4

E–Hunter (1).
DP–Atlanta 2, Minnesota 2.
2B–Minnesota Mack (1,off Avery).
3B–Minnesota Puckett (1,off Avery).
HR–Atlanta Pendleton (2,5th inning off Erickson,
1 on, 1 out); Minnesota Puckett (2,11th
inning off Leibrandt 0 on, 0 out).
HBP–Smith (1,by Erickson).
SF–Puckett (1,off Avery).
CS–Mitchell (1,2nd base by Aguilera/Harper).
SB–Gladden (2,2nd base off Avery/Olson);
Puckett (1,2nd base off Stanton/Olson).
Pitchers

Atlanta Braves       IP  H  R  ER  BB  SO
Avery               6.0  6  3   3   1   3
Stanton             2.0  2  0   0   0   1
Pena                2.0  0  0   0   0   2
Leibrandt (L, 0-2)  0.0  1  1   1   0   0

Minnesota Twins      IP  H  R  ER  BB  SO
Erickson            6.0  5  3   3   2   2
Guthrie             0.1  1  0   0   1   1
Willis              2.2  1  0   0   0   1
Aguilera  (W, 1-1)  2.0  2  0   0   0   0

WP–Guthrie (1).
HBP–Erickson (1,Smith).
U–Ed Montague (NL), Don Denkinger (AL),
Harry Wendelstedt (NL), Drew Coble (AL),
Rick Reed (AL), Terry Tata (NL).
T–3:46.  A–55,155.

text: (All game references below refer to the box score above.)

text: At the top of the box score, the editor of a publication may list the time, date, and/or place of the game. In the example, the stadium's name (the Hubert H. Humphrey Metrodome) and city (Minneapolis) are listed.

text: The line score is always listed as part of the box score, usually near the top; it lists the total runs scored in each inning. (The Atlanta Braves scored two runs in the fifth inning and one in the seventh.  The Minnesota Twins scored two runs in the first inning, one in the fifth, and one in the eleventh. ) Innings are normally grouped in sets of three for ease of reading. The team totals of runs, hits, and errors are listed last, after a separating character such as a dash.  The actual score of the game is represented by the first column after the dash; (the Twins won this game four runs to three.)

text: The batting performances of each player in the game are grouped by team, with the visiting team listed first.  Players are listed by last name in the order in which they were listed on the lineup card for the game, showing all players who enter the game at any point whether they make a plate appearance or not. Their fielding positions or batting roles are normally listed next to their last name.  Typically only last names are used, unless two players with the same name appear in the game, in which case a distinctive first initial is also used.  When a player switches fielding position, both positions are listed. (Brian Hunter, in the sixth position of the Braves' batting order, started at left field but also served as the first baseman.)  Substitute players are listed where they were placed in the batting order (in cases such as a double switch, not necessarily in the position of the player they replaced). Players who had an offensive role only are listed by that role: "ph" if they entered as a pinch hitter or "pr" if as a pinch runner. Substitutes who enter for defensive purposes and do not make a plate appearance have their fielding position shown and their batting line score shown as zeros.  When a pinch hitter or pinch runner remains in the game, his fielding position is also listed.  Some box scores will indent substitutes' names to indicate their spot in the order was the same as the non-indented starter's name above it; others will leave all names left-justified. (The Twins' Brian Harper pinch hit for Junior Ortiz and then remained in the game as catcher.)

text: Batting statistics are displayed to the right of the names in the lineup.  At minimum are shown each batter's at bats, runs, hits, and runs batted in. Some box scores show other player statistics such as home runs, stolen bases, bases on balls, strikeouts, fielding errors, times left on base, home runs, or season batting average. At the bottom of the lineup are the team totals for each category.

text: Additional batting, fielding, and base-running statistics are listed in non-tabular form normally below the batting order summaries:

text:
E– errors  (Brian Hunter committed an error, his first of the postseason series).
DP– double plays  (Each team turned two double plays.)  Some box scores list the fielders involved.
2B– doubles  (Shane Mack hit a double, on a pitch from Steve Avery, his first in the postseason).
3B- triples  (Kirby Puckett hit a triple, on a pitch from Avery, his first).
HR- home runs  (There were two home runs in the game.  With one out, Terry Pendleton hit his second home run of the series, a home run with a man on base on a pitch from Scott Erickson in the fifth inning; with no outs, Puckett hit home run with no one on base in the eleventh inning, his second of the series, which won the game for Minnesota.)
HBP- batters hit by a pitch  (Lonnie Smith was hit by a pitch from Erickson.  It was his first time being hit in this series)
SF- sacrifice fly  (Puckett was credited with a sacrifice fly, hit off of Avery.)
CS- caught stealing   (Keith Mitchell was thrown out by Brian Harper when attempting to steal second base on a pitch by Rick Aguilera.)
SB– stolen base  (Dan Gladden stole his second base of the series on a pitch from Avery to Greg Olson; Puckett also stole second on a pitch from Mike Stanton--his first stolen base of the series.)
TB– total bases  (It's one for a single, two for a double, three for a triple and four for a home run. For example, if a batter has two singles, a double and a home run, this would be eight total bases.)

tag: ul

text: Below the batting orders and line score, the pitching summary is listed. Each pitcher used in the game is listed, along with any decision awarded to that pitcher. A pitcher can be credited with a win, a loss, a save, or a hold.  Cumulative totals for pitching decisions are also shown, for either regular season or post-season play. To the right of each pitcher's name are recorded the total innings pitched, hits given up, runs allowed, earned runs allowed, bases on balls issued, and strikeouts made. More elaborate statistics may also be displayed, such as home runs allowed, pitch count, or the pitcher's cumulative earned run average.

text: Other pitching events are shown below the summary.

text:
WP- wild pitch thrown (Mark Guthrie threw one wild pitch, his first of the series.)
HBP – hit by pitch, the reverse of the listing from the batting summary (Erickson hit Lonnie Smith with a pitch, his first hit batsman of the series).

text: Other overall game information is shown at the bottom of the box score.

text:
U- umpire crew (Six umpires worked this game, listed by umpiring position.  The home plate umpire is listed first, then the umpires for each base in order, then the left and right field umpires, if any.  In inter-league play, league affiliations were also shown, but, with the merger of the major-league umpiring staffs prior to the 2000 season, these references have been eliminated .)
T- time of the game, not counting rain delays or light failure  (The game was played in three hours and forty-six minutes.)
A- paid attendance  (55,155 tickets were sold for this game.)

text: Most box scores also give the temperature, weather, and wind speed/direction.

text: Other events not shown in the example but recorded in most box scores include sacrifice hits ("S"), triple plays ("TP"), balks ("BK"), blown saves ("BS"), and passed balls ("PB").  Many box scores, to save space, do not list any categories where none of that event occurred in the game.  Others will list the category followed by " – None".

text: In a baseball game, the number of plate appearances for each team must be equal to the number of batters put out, scored, and left on base.  A box score is in balance (or proved) when the total of the team's times at bat, bases on balls received, hit batters, sacrifice bunts, sacrifice flies and batters awarded first base because of interference or obstruction equals the total of that team's runs, players left on base and the opposing team's putouts.  In other words, the box score is accounting for the number of batters and what became of them (scored, left on base, or put out). If a box score is unbalanced, then there is a logical contradiction and thus an error somewhere in the box score.

text: Early box scores[edit]

text: The first box scores tended to be vaguely related to Cricket scorekeeping, in that only two offense-oriented figures were presented for each batter: "O" and "R", meaning "number of times put out" and "number of runs scored", respectively.

text: As fan interest in all aspects of the game increased, the box scores were revised and expanded to include the offensive categories At-Bats, Runs, Hits and sometimes Total Bases; and the defensive categories Put-Outs, Assists and Errors for each batter, as well as a statistical summary underneath the lineups listing extra-base hits, innings pitched, earned runs, etc.

text: In baseball, if the team scheduled to bat last is leading after 8½ innings, there is no turn at bat for that team, as it would not affect the outcome of the game, so the last of the ninth is usually marked with an "X" as a placeholder in the line score. Some newspapers (and some scoreboards) in those days showed the home team in the top line, resulting in the peculiarity of an "X" placed in what appeared to be the "top" of the ninth. This practice was a carryover from the time when the home team had the choice of whether to bat first or last, another similarity with Cricket. Teams would often choose to bat first, counting on their ability to "get the jump" on the visiting team (as with football teams that win the coin toss), but the potential for the visitors scoring the winning run in the last of ninth was clearly an unsatisfying situation for the fans. The rules eventually required the home team to bat last, but the practice of listing the home team first was carried on for a while, in some places, even when it did not square with the actual events of the game.

text: The offensive statistic Runs Batted In was developed in the early 1900s, and was soon being carried in the lineup portion of the box scores.

text: As relief pitching became more common, a separate "lineup" section for the pitchers was developed, carrying individual Innings Pitched; the number of Hits, Runs, Earned Runs, and Bases on Balls allowed; and Strike-Outs achieved.

text: By the late 1960s or so, in the interest of space, most newspapers dropped the defensive stats from the lineups, just carrying the list of errors (if any) in the game summary. For a special event, such as World Series play (especially if a local team is involved), newspapers still often print the wider version of the box score.


document_title: National Lottery (United Kingdom)

question_text: when did the national lottery start in uk

question_tokens: when did the national lottery start in uk

text: National Lottery (United Kingdom)

text: History[edit]

text: Early years[edit]

text: A statute of 1698 provided that in England lotteries were by default illegal unless specifically authorised by statute. Early English state lotteries included the Million Lottery (1694) and the Malt Lottery (1697). These Lotteries were part of a series of financial experiments by the English government including recoinage and the foundation of the Bank of England to raise the capital available to the state.

text: A 1934 Act, further liberalised in 1956 and 1976, legalised small lotteries. The UK's state-franchised lottery was set up under government licence by the government of John Major in 1993.[5] The National Lottery is franchised to a private operator; the Camelot Group was awarded the franchise on 25 May 1994.[6] The first draw took place on 19 November 1994 with a television programme presented by Noel Edmonds. The first numbers drawn were 30, 3, 5, 44, 14 and 22, the bonus was 10, and seven jackpot winners shared a prize of £5,874,778.[7]

text: Tickets became available on the Isle of Man on 2 December 1999 at the request of Tynwald.

text: The National Lottery undertook a major rebranding programme in late 2002 designed to combat falling sales. The main game was renamed Lotto, and the National Lottery Extra became Lotto Extra. The stylized crossed-fingers logo was modified.[8] However, the games as a collective are still known as the National Lottery. It is one of the most popular forms of gambling in the United Kingdom.

text: In November 2009 Camelot replaced its older Lotto draw machines. The new machines are named Arthur, Guinevere, Lancelot and Merlin, reusing the names of older machines. At the same time, new machines for the Thunderball game were introduced. The new Lotto machines are the Magnum II model, manufactured by Smartplay International Inc., and the new Thunderball machines are the Smartplay Halogen II model.[9][10]

text: Eligibility[edit]

text: As of December 2016[update], the eligibility requirements include:

text:
Players must be at least 16 years old to buy scratchcards or to play Lotto, Thunderball or Euromillions
Tickets may be bought in person at approved premises in the UK, or online over the Internet
Online purchase of tickets from the National Lottery website is restricted to people who have a UK bank account (for debit card or direct debit purposes), and are resident in the UK or Isle of Man, and are physically present in the UK or Isle of Man when making the ticket purchase.
The ticket purchaser for a syndicate, typically its manager, must meet the eligibility criteria for ticket purchase. Syndicate members must be aged 16 or over
Lottery tickets are not transferable, so commercial syndicates (i.e. where extra charges are levied over and above the total face value of the tickets purchased) are not permitted

text: Games[edit]

text: Several games operate under the National Lottery brand:

text: Current games[edit]

text: As of December 2016[update], the current games include:

text: Lotto[edit]

text: Players buy tickets with their choice of six different numbers between 1 and 59; there is provision for random numbers to be generated automatically for those who do not wish to choose, known as 'Lucky Dip'. The entry fee to the Lotto draw was set at £1 per board from its introduction.

text: The draw is conducted twice a week on Wednesdays and Saturdays, except that a draw on Christmas Day is moved to Christmas Eve. Saturday draws started on 19 November 1994, under the name 'National Lottery'; the first Wednesday draw was on 5 February 1997. All of the draws are shown live on the official website at 20:30.

text: Lotto was originally called The National Lottery, but was renamed Lotto in an update in 2002 after ticket sales decreased. Lotto is by far the most popular draw, with around 15 to 45 million tickets sold each draw. The most winners for a single jackpot was 133 in January 1995, each player winning £122,510.

text: In the draw, six numbered balls are drawn without replacement from a set of 59 balls numbered from 1 to 59 (formerly 1 to 49 until October 2015). A further Bonus Ball is also drawn, which affects only players who match five numbers.

text: Prizes are awarded to players who match at least three of the six drawn numbers, with prizes increasing for matching more of the drawn numbers. The players who match all six drawn numbers win equal shares of the jackpot; the chance of doing so is 1 in 45,057,474. Similarly, if four or five balls are matched, the relevant prize is divided equally between all who match that many balls. If no player matches all six numbers, the jackpot is added to that of the next Lotto draw—a rollover. This accumulation was limited to three consecutive draws until 10 February 2011, when it was increased to four. Rollovers are frequent, with for example 20 Wednesday (39%) and 13 Saturday rollovers (25%) in 2011 (fewer tickets are sold on Wednesdays than Saturdays, increasing the probability of a rollover). "Treble rollovers"—two consecutive rollovers—are much less common. The first quadruple rollover draw occurred on Saturday 29 September 2012 with a jackpot of £19.5 million.[11] In the event of a quadruple rollover, if no tickets match all six main numbers, the jackpot will be shared between the tickets that match five numbers and the bonus ball.

text: October 2013 changes[edit]

text: Camelot announced that the price was to double to £2 from 3 October 2013, with prizes restructured.[12][13] The announcement was followed by news that large bonuses were to be set aside for management pay, which drew criticism.[14]

text: The arrival of the "New Lotto" means bigger jackpots with an estimated average of £1.1 million extra for Saturday's draw and £400,000 on Wednesday. Players matching three numbers receive an extra £15, up from £10 before and an extra £40 for matching 4 numbers. Those matching five numbers receive £500 less, and £50,000 less when matching five numbers + the bonus ball, compared to the former system.[15]

text: As part of the refresh, a new Lotto Raffle was introduced, with at least 50 winners of £20,000 per draw.[16] The announcement and launch of the refreshed Lotto game caused controversy due to the price increase (dubbed as a "tax on the poor") and a drop in some of the prizes.[17] The new game launched with a £10,000,000 jackpot and 1,000 Lotto Raffle winners of £20,000.[18]

text: October 2015 changes[edit]

text: From 10 October 2015, Camelot announced further changes to the Lotto game which increased the pool of numbers from 49 to 59. Rollovers are no longer limited in number, instead the size of the jackpot is capped; the cap is reached after about 14 rollovers. When the jackpot gets to £50 million, if no-one matches all six main numbers the jackpot will rollover to the following draw. In the event nobody matches all six numbers on that draw the jackpot "rolls down" and is combined with the prize fund for the next prize category where there is at least one winner. Since August 2016, if nobody wins the jackpot when it is £22 million or more, it will roll to the next draw one final time. Then, the jackpot must be won: if no-one matches all six main numbers, the prize will be shared by the players with the most winning numbers.

text: Since the rule changes in October 2015 there is also a "match 2" prize of a free lucky dip ticket for another draw, with odds of doing so at 1 in 10. This created much criticism as the breakdown of prizes announced by Camelot includes the value of these prizes (£2 each winner) within the draw's prize fund even though each match 2 prize winner doesn't see any monetary value unless their ticket matches three main numbers or more in the following draw. Included with each Lotto ticket is the Millionaire Lotto Raffle where 20 players win £20,000 each and one player wins £1 million per draw.

text:
Division of 17.82% of the sales = X

Matching numbers
% of X
Odds of winning

4 numbers
12.9%
2,179 to 1

5 numbers
2.0%
144,414 to 1

5 numbers and bonus ball
1.9%
7,509,578 to 1

6 numbers
83.2%
45,057,474 to 1

The overall odds of winning any prize are 9.3 to 1.

text: From October 2015 the total prize fund is 47.50% of draw sales in a normal week, including the raffle. The three-ball prize winners, with odds of 96 to 1,[19] receive £25 each; the two-ball prize winners receive a free £2 entry. 17.82% of the sales are divided as shown in the table and split equally with the number of winners for each selection:

text: Lotto Hotpicks[edit]

text:
Lotto Hotpicks odds and payouts from October 2015

Match
Prize
Odds of winning

1 number
£6
1 in 10

2 numbers
£60
1 in 115

3 numbers
£800
1 in 1,626

4 numbers
£13,000
1 in 30,342

5 numbers
£350,000
1 in 834,398

text: Lotto Hotpicks uses the main Lotto draw for its numbers but is a different game. The player chooses both the numbers and the number of draw balls they want to try to match, up to a maximum of five. However, if the player does not match all the numbers chosen, they are not a winner. The National Lottery describes Hotpicks as "five games in one", because the player has a choice of five ways of playing the game, each offering different odds and payouts.

text: The entry fee to the Lotto Hotpicks draw is £1 per board.

text: Thunderball[edit]

text: The Thunderball jackpot draw requires players to pick five main numbers from 1 to 39 and one 'Thunderball' number from 1 to 14 for an entry fee of £1 per board. Prizes may be won by matching the main numbers, with matches of the Thunderball number winning higher prizes. The top prize of the game, now £500,000, is won by matching all five main numbers as well as the Thunderball. There is also a £3 prize for matching the Thunderball alone. Draws take place four times a week on Tuesdays, Wednesdays, Fridays and Saturdays and are shown live on the official website at 20:00.

text: The first Thunderball draw was held on 12 June 1999 and the draw was originally only held on Saturdays. The rules of Thunderball changed substantially on 9 May 2010. Before this date, Thunderball matches were drawn from numbers 1 to 34; there was no prize for matching the Thunderball number alone, and the top prize (for matching 5 main numbers and the Thunderball) was half the current jackpot at £250,000. After this date, the Friday draw was introduced in addition to the Wednesday and Saturday draws. Following the change of rules, while the chance of winning anything on Thunderball more than doubled, the chance of winning the top prizes more than halved. The Tuesday draw was added on 30 January 2018.

text: The odds and payouts are as follows:

text:
Old (1999–2010)
Current (from May 2010)[20]

Match
Prize
Odds of winning
Prize
Odds of winning

Thunderball only
-
-
£3
1 in 29

1 + Thunderball
£5
1 in 33
£5
1 in 35

2 + Thunderball
£10
1 in 107
£10
1 in 135

3 numbers
£10
1 in 74
£10
1 in 111

3 + Thunderball
£20
1 in 960
£20
1 in 1,437

4 numbers
£100
1 in 2,067
£100
1 in 3,647

4 + Thunderball
£250
1 in 26,866
£250
1 in 47,415

5 numbers
£5,000
1 in 299,661
£5,000
1 in 620,046

5 + Thunderball
£250,000
1 in 3,895,584
£500,000
1 in 8,060,598

text: EuroMillions[edit]

text: On Saturday 7 February 2004 the lottery operator Camelot launched a pan-European lottery: EuroMillions. The first draw took place on Friday 13 February 2004 in Paris. The UK, France and Spain were involved initially. Lotteries from Austria, Belgium, Ireland, Luxembourg, Portugal and Switzerland joined the draw on 8 October 2004. The draws are currently made in Paris and shown recorded in the UK on the official website twice a week on Tuesdays and Fridays, approximately three hours after the draw has taken place. The entry fee to the EuroMillions draw is £2.50 per board. The odds of winning the jackpot are 139,838,160 to 1.

text: Scratchcards[edit]

text: As well as tickets for the draw games, the National Lottery also sells scratchcards. Introduced in 1995, they are small pieces of card where an area has been covered by a thin layer of opaque latex that can be scratched off. Under this are concealed the items/pictures that must be found in order to win. Scratchcards can be purchased in most newsagents and supermarkets; they can cost £1, £2, £3, £5 or £10 and come in many different forms, with a variety of prizes and ways to win.

text: The generic scratchcard requires the player to match three of the same prize amounts. If this is accomplished, they win that amount; the highest possible currently being £4,000,000 on a £10 scratchcard.[21] Other scratchcards involve matching symbols, pictures or words. The highest possible prize currently for a £1 scratchcard is £100,000.

text: Initially, all scratchcards were sold for £1. Over the years, scratchcards that range in price from £2 to £10 have become available. More expensive scratchcards are larger and offer more games with higher-value prizes. Some scratchcards have jackpots other than one-off payments, such as a yearly sum or a car. Odds for winning a top prize on a scratchcard depend greatly on how many have been sold and whether there is any top prize scratchcards in circulation at time of purchase. Generally, the odds of winning a top prize are around 1 in 3,500,000 on most scratchcards.

text: Online Instant Wins[edit]

text: Instant Win games are online games where the player can win prizes instantly. Some games are similar in format to scratchcards, with others involving more interactive play such as dice-rolling or matching special symbols. It is made clear that the Instant Win games are solely based on luck and that no skill or judgement is involved. Players must be registered in order to buy or try an Instant Win. "Try" games are free of charge and no payouts are made in respect of any prizes. As with scratchcards, there are a wide variety of Instant Win games available with different odds of winning prizes. The cost to play varies from 25p to £10. The current highest prize is £4 million on a £10 game. Odds of winning a top prize vary on each Instant Win game, and may be higher or lower than their scratchcard counterpart.

text: UK Millionaire Maker[edit]

text: Each EuroMillions ticket purchased in the UK contains a unique "UK Millionaire Maker" code, consisting of four letters and five numbers. There are two winners per draw (with the exception of a special draw), with each winner receiving a fixed £1,000,000.[22] Odds of winning depend on the number of tickets sold for that particular draw in the UK, but are generally 1 in 1,900,000 on Tuesdays and 1 in 2,950,000 on Fridays.[23]

text: Millionaire Raffle[edit]

text: Following the changes to the Lotto game, Camelot introduced the Millionaire Raffle (known previously as Lotto Raffle). A raffle number is included automatically with each line of Lotto numbers bought. Each raffle number consists of a colour and eight numbers (e.g. AQUA 4579 2965). Each winning raffle number wins a fixed amount of £20,000. Before Oct 2015, 50 raffle numbers were drawn with each Lotto draw and the number of raffle winners increased by 50 each time the Lotto jackpot rolled over, with as many as 250 raffle winners in the event of a quadruple rollover.

text: From 10 October 2015, the prize structure was changed, with 20 prizes of £20,000 and one prize of £1,000,000 with each Lotto draw.

text: Discontinued games[edit]

text: Lotto Extra[edit]

text:
Lotto Extra odds and payouts

Match
Prize
Odds of winning

6 numbers
Jackpot
1 in 13,983,815

The maximum jackpot was £50m

text: Lotto Extra was introduced on 13 November 2000 and was originally called The National Lottery Extra but renamed Lotto Extra in 2002. It was an add on from the main draw where a player could select "Lotto Extra same numbers" or a lucky dip. Players would pick six numbers from 49 and there were no lower tier prizes so a perfect match was required. The last draw was on 8 July 2006 and it was replaced by Dream Number.

text: Dream Number[edit]

text:
Dream Number

Match
Prize
Odds of winning

1st number only
£2
1 in 11.2

1st 2 numbers
£10
1 in 111.2

1st 3 numbers
£100
1 in 1,111.2

1st 4 numbers
£500
1 in 11,112

1st 5 numbers
£5,000
1 in 111,112

1st 6 numbers
£50,000
1 in 1,111,112

all 7 numbers
£500,000
1 in 10,000,000

The overall odds of winning any prize were 1 in 10.
Source: National Lottery Players Guide

text: Dream Number was launched on 15 July 2006. It involved a random seven digit number generated for entry into the main draw. It was played independently of Lotto, or if played with Lotto one Dream Number was generated per ticket, not per Lotto entry. The cost of entry was £1. A dream number was printed on every Lotto ticket bought, whether the player had chosen to enter it into the draw or not. Unlike other Lotto games, it was not possible to choose the number entered, and the order that the numbers were drawn was significant, as the numbers had to be matched in the same order for the player to win. Players had to match with the first number in order to start winning prizes (ranging from £2 to £500,000), which meant that 90% of players lost as soon as the first ball was drawn. Draws took place on Wednesdays and Saturdays, but only the Saturday draw was televised. The Wednesday draw took place prior to the live TV show and the winning dream number was announced during the show. All money raised for good causes from Dream Number went towards the 2012 Summer Olympics and 2012 Summer Paralympics in London. The National Lottery closed the Dream Number game on Wednesday 9 February 2011, which was also the date of the last Dream Number draw. It was then replaced by Lotto Plus 5.

text: Daily Play[edit]

text:
Daily Play

Match
Prize
Odds of winning

0 numbers
£1 Daily Play
Lucky Dip Ticket
1 in 11.5

4 numbers
£5
1 in 22.3

5 numbers
£30
1 in 222.6

6 numbers
£300
1 in 6,343.1

7 numbers
£30,000
1 in 888,030

The overall odds of winning a prize were 1 in 7.4
Source: National Lottery Daily Play Game Rules & Procedures

text: The Daily Play draw started on Monday 22 September 2003 and could be played every day except Sunday and Christmas Day. By selecting seven numbers between 1 and 27, players could win anything from a free lucky dip to £30,000. The draw gave its players the chance to win a free daily play lucky-dip for not matching any numbers in the draw. The entry fee to the Daily Play draw was £1 per board.

text: Daily Play draws were broadcast via a webcast. In addition, from March 2005 to October 2005, the Daily Play draw was broadcast live on Challenge TV in the Glory Ball show, hosted by Jean Anderson, James McCourt, Jayne Sharp and Nikki Cowan.[24]

text: The National Lottery Daily Play Draw ended on Friday, 6 May 2011.[25]

text: Lotto Plus 5[edit]

text:
Lotto Plus 5

Matching Numbers
Prize
Odds of winning

3 numbers
£2.50
56.65592 to 1

4 numbers
£25
1,032.397 to 1

5 numbers
£250
55,491.33 to 1

5 numbers and bonus ball
£25,000
2,330,636 to 1

6 numbers
£250,000
13,983,815 to 1

The overall odds of winning any prize is 52.65514 to 1 per draw.

The overall odds of winning any prize is 10.13855 to 1 per Plus 5 draw week.

text: Lotto Plus 5 was introduced in 2011[26] to plug the gaps between the Wednesday and Saturday Lotto draws, meaning it takes place on Mondays, Tuesdays, Thursdays, Fridays and Sundays. Players can enter by paying an extra £1 when buying their Lotto ticket, which enters the same ticket numbers into five separate draws. Each draw offers fixed prizes for matching 3, 4, 5 and 6 numbers, with the jackpot being worth £250,000. It has been estimated that the game produces an extra 500,000 Lotto winners every week. Due to the changes to the main Lotto game (most notably the introduction of the Lotto raffle), Plus 5 was discontinued; The last Plus 5 draw was played on 1 October 2013, with the last date to buy a ticket being 23 September 2013.

text: Vernons Easy Play[edit]

text: The National Lottery teamed up with Vernons to create a football pools type lottery. Players marked a playslip to state how many lines they wanted to play.

text: The lottery terminal allocated 10 football fixtures on the players ticket who then attempted to match these fixtures that resulted in a score draw. (1-1, 2-2, 3-3)

text: To win players needed to match at least 5 fixtures which resulted in a score draw which always won £5. Matching 6 won between £6 and £530 depending on how many total score draws there were in total over all the fixtures played. Matching 7 score draws won between £27 and £67,000 depending on total score draws. And matching 8 won from £1850 to £667,000.

text: Basically, the more score draws there are, the easier it is to win. This resulted in the payouts being fixed entirely on how many score draws there were.

text: This was a really difficult game to understand and at one point Vernons and Camelot were ready to discontinue the game after just 3 months, however the game went on to survive one full football season only in the mid 1990s.

text: Tickets were £1 per entry.

text: Big Draw 2000 / Big Draw 2003[edit]

text: Originally, this special one-off draw was made to commemorate the arrival of the new Millennium, but another attempt was made in 2002 to celebrate the new year of 2003.

text: Players would choose 5 years from 1900 to 1999 (in the 2003 version this was altered to 1901 to 2000) or a lucky dip on their Big Draw ticket for the first game, and if they matched all 5 main years, they win the jackpot (lower prize tiers were also available for matching 2 to 4 main years or matching 4 main years + bonus year if the player doesn't match all 5 main years). Two years; one from the old Millennium and one from the new Millennium were also printed at the bottom of the ticket (old Millennium having anything from 1000 to 1999, and new Millennium having anything from 2000 to 2999) for the second game, and if the player matched both years on their Big Draw ticket, they would win the jackpot.

text: Five years and a bonus year would be drawn at random from the machine for the first game, but for the second game, two pairs of machines were used: for the ones for the old Millennium; the left machine would have the numbers from 10 to 19, and the right machine having the numbers 00 to 99. For the ones for the new Millennium; the left machine would have the numbers 20 to 29, and the right machine having the numbers from 00 to 99. One number was drawn at random from each of those machines; each pair creating a year.

text: Other ways to play[edit]

text: As well as by purchasing a ticket at a shop, tickets can be purchased other ways.

text: Online[edit]

text: All National Lottery games can be played online after registering. There are two ways of playing the lotto online.

text: Direct Debit. Players can sign up by registering their bank account details and their saved numbers will be automatically entered. The National Lottery notifies winners by email if they have won, although this will not be on the evening of the draw; notification is usually by 12 noon the following day. This method is only available for the main Lotto and Thunderball games.

text: Loaded Account. Funds are loaded into a player's account and are played as required. The National Lottery notifies winners by email if they have won on the draw games, or in the case of the lower prize Instant Wins, transfer the winnings to their account. The current minimum loading amount is £10.

text: Text[edit]

text: The Play By Text service closed on 30 June 2013. Before then, players had been able to play the Lotto, Thunderball, EuroMillions and Lotto HotPicks by text after registering their mobile phone number. The discontinued games Dream Number and Daily Play also allowed text entry.

text: Sky Active[edit]

text: Lotto and EuroMillions were once available for play through Sky Active; however, this service was discontinued in September 2009. Prior to its discontinuation, players could purchase up to eight weeks worth of tickets at a time.[27]

text: Barclays Pingit[edit]

text: From July 2015 Barclays included a function in their Pingit app to allow the purchase of tickets for the National Lottery and Euromillions. Only lucky dip lottery tickets can be purchased currently. Small winnings are paid directly into the Pingit account within one day.[28]

text: Olympic Lottery[edit]

text: Following the success of London's bid to host the 2012 Summer Olympics, Olympic Lottery Scratchcards were launched on 27 July 2005 under the brand name "Go for Gold". 28% of the price of £1 went to the Olympic Lottery Distribution Fund, and the scratchcards were intended to raise £750,000,000 towards the cost of staging the games.[29]

text: The National Lottery on television[edit]

text: The majority of National Lottery draws take place on live television. The first National Lottery show (entitled The National Lottery Live: The First Draw) was at 7 pm on Saturday 19 November 1994. Presented by Noel Edmonds, this was an hour long special, in which 49 contestants competed to become the first person to start the draw, the first person being 18-year-old Deborah Walsh. The first number to be drawn was 30. For its first few years, the TV show took the title The National Lottery Live, and was presented mainly by Anthea Turner or Bob Monkhouse. Other notable presenters during this period included Dale Winton, Carol Smillie, Terry Wogan and Ulrika Jonsson. On 30 November 1996, live on BBC One, the draw machine failed to start.[30]

text: During the 2000 Today broadcast on 31 December 1999, a special Big Draw 2000 drawing was held to ring in the new millennium (despite its having a few problems) This special Big Draw returned again on 31 December 2002 as Big Draw 2003 (with no problems with the draw compared to the last time).

text: On 20 May 2006, during the draw on The National Lottery Jet Set that took place minutes before the Eurovision Song Contest 2006, several members of the group Fathers 4 Justice protested on the set causing the show to be taken off air for several minutes while the protesters were removed from the studio.[31][32]

text: On 7 November 2015, live on BBC One, the Lotto draw machine failed to release all the balls, causing the draw to be postponed. The draw later took place off air, and the results were posted on the website.

text: Originally, the draws would take place in the BBC studio during the game show on Saturdays (and sometimes Wednesdays). However, in more recent years the channel airing the lottery draw has pre-recorded the non-draw parts of the show and then switched to National Lottery HQ, a designated studio for the live draws.

text: Wednesday draws used to have their own 10-minute slot on BBC One. These would take place in the same set as the game show in the BBC studio, and presented by the same host presenting the game show. However, in more recent years the lottery was hosted by various presenters in the National Lottery HQ Studio; presenters included Gethin Jones, Christopher Biggins, John Barrowman, OJ Borg, Matt Johnson and Jenni Falconer. It is Alan Dedicoat who provides the voice-over of announcing the balls drawn, sometimes interacting with the presenter; he is known as The Voice Of the Balls with Charles Nove as the substitute in case he is not in the broadcast.

text: As of 7 January 2012 there had been a total of 1678 draws which consist of 784 Wednesday draws and 894 Saturday draws. In a plan to spread BBC productions across the United Kingdom, all lottery shows were be relocated to BBC Scotland. UKTV Gold additionally hosted the Euromillions: Boom Bang show, which was broadcast every Friday.

text: From January 2013, the Tuesday, Wednesday and Friday draws are no longer broadcast, and are available to be watched exclusively on the National Lottery's website. There is still a results update on BBC One at 10:35 pm. On 24 November 2016, it was announced that the televised draws would be axed and moved to BBC iPlayer in January 2017.[33] Its last broadcast was on New Year's Eve 2016-17.

text: National Lottery Xtra[edit]

text: Between 10 March 2008 and 1 February 2010, the "National Lottery Xtra" channel was broadcast on Freeview channel 45 for one hour a day. Programming included content from winners of the jackpot and National Lottery Good Causes projects, as well as behind-the-scenes footage on how the National Lottery was operated.

text: Good causes[edit]

text: It was announced during the live Saturday night draw show on 30 March 2007 that The National Lottery has so far raised £20 billion (US$39.2 billion) for 'good causes', a programme which distributes money via grants. 28% of lottery revenue goes towards the fund, along with all unclaimed prizes. Additionally, 12% goes to the state. The prize fund is 50% of revenue, with the remaining 10% going towards running costs and profits for the lottery organisers and ticket sellers.

text: The distribution of money to 'good causes' is not the responsibility of the operator (Camelot). It is the responsibility of the twelve distributors that make up The National Lottery Distribution Fund (NLDF), administered by the government Department for Culture, Media and Sport. At present, 40% is awarded to health, education, environment and charitable causes, 20% to Sports, 20% to Arts and 20% to Heritage.[34] On 19 November 2014, the National Lottery celebrated 20 years of its Good Causes fund, which as of 2014, has raised £32 billion for charities and projects in the UK. The National Lottery celebrated the 20th anniversary with the, 'Just Imagine' campaign which highlighted how the money has filtered through society to improve UK communities. Notable facts included that Good Causes had funded over 1300 elite athletes including Sir Chris Hoy, invested £43.5 million into the National Cycle Network and funded 12,700 after school clubs.[35]

text: The Heritage Lottery Fund was set up by the government in 1994 to provide money for "projects involving the local, regional and national heritage". The funds come from the money raised by the National Lottery's 'Good Causes'.[36] Since 1994, the Heritage Lottery Fund has given grants totalling approximately £4 billion to more than 26,000 projects.[36]

text: In 2004, on the 10th anniversary of the National Lottery, the National Lottery Awards were instituted as an annual event to provide recognition of the work of Lottery funded projects around the UK. Certain projects are selected as the best in particular categories. The trophies were designed and produced by Gaudio Awards.

text: Percentage return[edit]

text: The National Lottery is a jackpot system with the majority of winnings going to those few players who pick all six numbers. The average percentage return is the share of the ticket sales devoted to prize funds, about 45% (i.e., 45% of the money spent on tickets would be won in prizes). The spread of returns will be very wide and influenced by several factors that change week-by-week (e.g. the number of tickets sold, the "distinctiveness" and popularity of the winning numbers). Over an extremely long period (tens of millions of draws) the return on investment would approach the average, about 45% (a 55% loss). Over a shorter period there is a very small chance of a big win, but otherwise an average return of less than 45%; a numerical experiment using 10,000 random sets of numbers each week for 3 years found that, had the tickets been bought, the rate of return would have been less than 30%.

text: In their book "Scenarios for Risk Management and Global Investment Strategies",[37] academics Rachel E S Ziemba and William T Ziemba say with regard to 6/49 lotteries, "Random numbers have an expected loss of about 55%. However, six-tuples of unpopular numbers have an edge with expected returns exceeding their cost by about 65%. The expected value rises and approaches $2.25 per dollar wagered when there are carryovers [UK term: rollovers]. Random numbers, such as those from lucky dip and quick pick, and popular numbers are worth more with carryovers but never have an advantage." They conclude that, due to the time that would be required to achieve success, "except for millionaires and pooled syndicates, it is not possible to use the unpopular numbers in a scientific way to beat the lotto and have high confidence of becoming rich; these aspiring millionaires will also most likely be residing in a cemetery when their distant heirs reach the goal".

text: Unclaimed prizes[edit]

text: Winning tickets must be claimed within 180 days of the draw taking place. If a prize is unclaimed within that time, it is distributed through the National Lottery Distribution Fund. For all major prizes (£50,000 and over) approximately two weeks after the draw, if no claim has been received, the area in which the ticket was purchased is released.

text: The highest unclaimed prize distributed this way to date was a winning ticket worth £63,837,543.60 which was bought in the Stevenage and Hitchin area for the Euromillions draw of 8 June 2012.[38] This was a world record unclaimed prize. All investment income from unclaimed prizes also goes to good causes via the National Lottery Distribution Fund.[39]

text: Regulation[edit]

text: The National Lottery is regulated by the Gambling Commission.[40] Previous regulators were the Office of the National Lottery (known by the acronym OFLOT) until 1 April 1999, and the National Lottery Commission – a non-departmental public body reporting to the Department of Culture, Media and Sport – until 1 October 2013.

text: The Lottery was set up in 1993 under the National Lottery etc. Act 1993[41] and was reformed under the National Lottery Act 1998[42] and the National Lottery Act 2006.[43]

text: The National Lottery is a member of the World Lottery Association.[44]

text: Machine appearances[edit]

text: The National Lottery have a number of different machines and ball sets which are selected by either a celebrity or a member of the general public. This is used to randomise the process and create an independent selection of machinery to reduce the chance of human override. Below is a table of how many times each machine has appeared in the main National Lottery, or Lotto game.

text: As of Saturday 3 May 2014[45]

text:
Machine
Appearances

Guinevere 1
331

Arthur 1/3/4
340

Lancelot 2/3
297

Merlin 2/4
214

Galahad
52

Vyvyan
48

Amethyst
172

Moonstone
66

Opal
56

Topaz
157

Pearl
32

Garnet
16

Sapphire
135

text: 1Note, on the draw on Saturday 17 September 2011, they announced that Arthur with set of balls 3 was chosen, but they were using Guinevere due to technical difficulties. Arthur wasn't used again until the draw on Saturday 8 October 2011.

text: 2Also note, on the draw on Saturday 14 April 2012, they announced that Merlin with set of balls 5 was chosen, but they were using Lancelot due to technical difficulties. Merlin wasn't used again until the draw on Saturday 8 December 2012.

text: 3Also note, on the draw on Saturday 12 May 2012, they announced that Arthur with set of balls 5 was chosen, but they were using Lancelot due to technical difficulties. Arthur wasn't used again until the draw on Saturday 5 January 2013.

text: 4Also note, on the draw on Saturday 31 August 2013, they announced that Arthur with set of balls 3 was chosen, but they were using Merlin due to technical difficulties. Arthur wasn't used again until the draw on Wednesday 18 September 2013.

text: Game shows[edit]


document_title: Inventors' Day

question_text: who was national inventor's day named after

question_tokens: who was national inventor 's day named after

text: Inventors' Day

text: By location[edit]

text: Argentina[edit]

text: The Inventors' Day (Spanish: Día del Inventor) in Argentina has been celebrated since 1986 and is held yearly on 29 September, the birthday of the inventor of the ballpoint pen, László József Bíró.[1]

text: Austria, Germany and Switzerland[edit]

text: The Inventors' Day (German: Tag der Erfinder) in the German-speaking countries Germany, Austria and Switzerland is celebrated on 9 November, the birthday of the Austrian-born inventor and Hollywood actress Hedy Lamarr whose main invention was the frequency-hopped spread spectrum 1942.

text: The day was proclaimed by Berlin inventor and entrepreneur Gerhard Muthenthaler. According to the website of the organisation[2] it intends to pursue the following goals:

text:
Encourage people towards their own ideas and for a change to the better
Remind people of forgotten inventors

text: Hungary[edit]

text: Hungarian Inventors' Day (Magyar Feltalálók Napja) is celebrated on 13 June in memoriam of Albert Szent-Györgyi who registered his national patent about the synthesized Vitamin C in 1941. It is celebrated by the Association of Hungarian Inventors (MAFE) since 2009.[3]

text: Moldova[edit]

text: Since 1995, the Republic of Moldova has celebrated an Inventors' and Rationalizers' Day annually at the end of June.[4]

text: Russia[edit]

text: Since 1957, Russia has celebrated an Inventors' and Rationalizers' Day (Russian: День изобретателя и рационализатора) annually at the last Saturday of June.

text: Thailand[edit]

text: Thailand recognises 2 February as Inventors' Day each year. The Thai Cabinet set this date to commemorate the anniversary of His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej’s allocation of a patent for a slow speed surface aerator on 2 February 1993.[5]

text: United Kingdom[edit]

text: While as of yet, the United Kingdom does not officially recognize an Inventor's Day, in 2014 BT made a public appeal to celebrate "the first" National Inventor's Day on 2 December 2014. While many countries celebrate inventiveness on a significant day relating to one of that country's inventors, 2 December does not appear to have such a relationship. However, the day was also the release of a study by BT of the inventiveness of UK residents.[6] As of 9 November, 2016 there has not been any announcement of a second or subsequent National Inventor's Day in the United Kingdom.

text: United States[edit]

text: Ronald Reagan as President of the United States proclaimed 11 February 1983 as National Inventors' Day, Proclamation 5013, to "...call upon the people of the United States to observe this day with appropriate ceremonies and activities".

text: In recognition of the enormous contribution inventors make to the nation and the world, the Congress, pursuant to Senate Joint Resolution 140 (Public Law 97 – 198), has designated 11 February, the anniversary of the birth of the inventor Thomas Alva Edison, who held over 1,000 patents, as National Inventors' Day.