document_title: Naruto: Shippuden (season 14)

question_text: in which episode does naruto enter the war

text: Naruto: Shippuden (season 14)

text: Episode listing[edit]

text:
No.
Title
Original air date
English air date

296
"Naruto Enters the Battle!"
"Naruto, Sansen!!" (ナルト, 参戦!!)
January 17, 2013
May 30, 2015

As Naruto and Bee enter the war, they defeat the White Zetsu Army. Quickly turning the tides of the war, the powerhouse duo make short work of the opposition thanks to Naruto's new ability. Naruto sends several clones to the battle fronts. Naruto and Bee then arrive just to save Musai and Nonata from a reincarnated Toroi, who is promptly sealed. Meanwhile, the Logistical Support and Medical Division's compound is at a standstill with no one allowed to go near the central tent where Shizune and Sakura were conducting their autopsy. Through research they were able to gather more information which they pass along to HQ. Elsewhere on the Fourth Division's battlefield, the reincarnated Kage draw ever closer to Gaara and Ōnoki's location. Alerted by Mū, that two persons were approaching, the Kage are greeted by an enormous torrent of sand which the Second Mizukage animatedly comments about. Believing it to be the work of Shukaku, the Fourth Kazekage quickly stops the sand using his Gold Dust, causing the Third Raikage to acknowledge him as a Magnet Release kekkei genkai wielder. Shocked to not see the beast before him but actually his son, three of the four Kage are captured by sand arms created by Gaara. Mū who was able to avoid capture, is however soon set upon by Ōnoki using the Particle Style: Atomic Dismantling Jutsu to which the previous Tsuchikage responds in kind, the effects of which leaves a giant crater in the middle of the battlefield. Questioning his son as to where the One-Tail was, as the rest of the Fourth Division lingered a ways back awaiting the signal, Gaara informs his father that he was no longer the jinchūriki he had made him.

297
"A Father's Hope, A Mother's Love"
"Chichi no Omoi, Haha no Ai" (父の想い, 母の愛)
January 24, 2013
June 6, 2015

As the opposing sides converse, the Fourth Kazekage is shocked to learn that Gaara was no longer the host of the One-Tail, and even more so that he had friends and had become the Kazekage. Intent on testing his son's mettle, the two begin battling while Ōnoki signalled the troops to move in before confronting Mū. As the battle waged on, the Fourth Kazekage is shocked to find himself trapped in Gaara's attack alongside the Second Mizukage and the Third Raikage. Seeing the sand manifest in the form of his late wife after protecting Gaara from one of his attacks, the former Kazekage realizes that Karura had been protecting Gaara his whole life. Remorsefully, the Kazekage tells his son the truth of his mother's love for him and apologized; that all he had done for Gaara was rob him of happiness, now realizing that he had actually been unable to judge the true value of things in the end. Shocked to hear the truth of his mother's love for him and what Yashamaru had been forced to lie to Gaara and say, the young Kazekage breaks down crying. Gaara would later tell his father that while his mother was truly amazing, it was his father who had finally given him medicine to heal his wounded heart. With Gaara forgiving him for his past mistakes, the Fourth smiles on as he is sealed away by his son, entrusting the village, and the future to his son.

298
"Contact! Naruto vs. Itachi"
"Tsuini Sesshoku!! Naruto VS Itachi" (ついに接触!! ナルトVSイタチ)
January 31, 2013
June 13, 2015

As they travel slowly towards an unknown destination, Nagato and Itachi wonder who they were going to be forced to fight before crossing paths with Naruto and Killer Bee. Seeing an opportune moment to capture the Jinchuriki, Kabuto interrupts the reunion to have Itachi attack. As they clash, Itachi learns from Naruto that Sasuke knows the truth behind the Uchiha Clan Massacre and asks his opponent not to reveal this information to any one else as Nagato joins the fray. Though puzzled, Nagato was forced to attack and the battle between the four shinobi ensue. Retreating atop Nagato's Giant Drill-Beaked Bird, Itachi activates his Mangekyō Sharingan causing the crow he placed in Naruto to emerge from the shocked youth's mouth. Casting Amaterasu, Itachi incinerates Nagato's summons as well as Nagato himself, revealing that the crow possess the surgetically embedded eye of Shisui Uchiha, which was rigged to react to Itachi's Mangekyo Sharingan and cast Kotoamatsukami: which had the order "protect Konoha". Now freed from Kabuto's control, Itachi explains that this was the power he had given to Naruto and had intended it for Sasuke. During this explanation, however, Nagato's corpse was able to regenerate. And Kabuto, excited by the prospect of acquiring Shisui's eye, had Nagato attack with his Giant Snake-Tailed Chameleon. Managing to absorb some of Bee's Eight Tails chakra, Nagato is restored to his youthful-looking self as he captures Naruto and prepares to remove his soul.

299
"The Acknowledged One"
"Mitomerareshi Mono" (認められし者)
February 7, 2013
June 20, 2015

As Naruto fights to clutch onto his soul that the now-revitalised Nagato was attempting to remove from his body, Bee arrives at their location and attempts a surprise attack but it is foiled by the shared field-of-vision Nagato has with the Giant Snake-Tailed Chameleon and the King of Hell which had been summoned to store the young man's soul. In the clutches of Nagato's mechanical arms with a cannon pointing at him in point-blank range, the two jinchūriki are saved by Itachi and his Susanoo. Nagato, however, quickly regenerates and uses Chibaku Tensei with the intent of crushing his targets into the planetary body. Though Naruto raised the alarm that there was little they could do against this technique, Itachi rallies the group and has them use their most powerful long ranged attacks to target the centre of the sphere, effectively neutralising the attack. In the aftermath of this, Itachi is able to pierce Nagato with his Totsuka Sword freeing the Rinnegan-wielder from Kabuto's control. With the time he had left, Nagato lamented the fact that he had sullied the brilliant legacy their master had left behind and told Naruto to be the most amazing end to the trilogy that he could be. With this, Naruto tries to move out to the battlefield, but his Nine-Tails Chakra Mode wears off leading Itachi to tell him to not rely solely on his own power, but to put some trust in his comrades and their own power. After telling Bee to take care of Naruto, he incinerates the crow with Shisui's Sharingan and departs to deal with the person controlling the reincarnated shinobi.

300
"The Mizukage, the Giant Clam, and the Mirage"
"Mizukage to Ōhamaguri to Shinkirō" (水影と蜃と蜃気楼)
February 14, 2013
June 27, 2015

The Second Mizukage and the Third Raikage manage to escape Gaara's sealing jutsu and battered the shinobi platoon. As the former Kages relay their strengths and weaknesses, the Second Mizukage summons a giant clam that creates a mirage. Gaara leaves the platoon to face Mu and the shinobi platoon had no choice but to fight the Second Mizukage. Onoki and Mu trade blows to each other until Gaara arrives to assist Onoki. Shocked, Gaara sees Naruto delivering Mu with his Planetary Rasengan which Mu quickly evades but with the support of Gaara, Naruto manages to land his new Rasengan jutsu to Mu. Just as Mu to be sealed, Mu utters a warning yet the sealing stops his talking. Meanwhile, the Second Mizukage argues with the platoon that they should not attack what they see him and the clam. Gaara arrives and manages to sense the location of the giant clam and Onoki delivers a powerful Earth style punch despite running low on chakra. However Onoki gets exhausted and the Second Mizukage appears on his behind with the index finger pointing at Onoki's back. The Second Mizukage shoots Onoki with a water gun jutsu developed by the Hozuki clan.

301
"Paradox"
"Mujun" (矛盾)
February 21, 2013
July 4, 2015

As the Fourth Division's attacks prove futile against the Third Raikage, he re-emphasises how they were to attack him. Temari and a few other tessenjutsu users attack the Third with the Wind Release: Cast Net technique which appears to have finally incapacitated the Raikage, but as shinobi from the Sealing Team move in to bind him, they are sent reeling. Spotting his former aide Dodai amongst the Allied Shinobi Forces' ranks, he steps forward and tells Temari a bit more about the Raikage and noted that they needed a more powerful Wind Release technique to attack him. Noting that there was not a more powerful Wind Release user amongst their ranks or even in the Alliance, Naruto's shadow clone arrives, announcing that he would be able to do the job. Leaping into action, Naruto forms a Rasenshuriken which after some manipulation, finally lands an attack on the Raikage which proves to be just as futile. Retreating as the Third's persona, Dodai instructed the Earth Release users to erect a wall which he himself fortifies. Telling his comrades to retreat nonetheless, his words fall on deaf ears as the Raikage breaks through the wall using his Hell Stab. As the division is set upon again, Naruto and Dodai discuss the legacy of the Raikage leading Naruto to want to know how the Third got the scar on his body which was noted to be the "ultimate shield". Needing to ask the Eight-Tails directly, Dodai creates a distraction which the Third chases, buying them time to contact Inoichi Yamanaka who patches them through to Bee. Upon hearing of the monstrous battle between the Third and the Eight-Tails, Naruto formulates a strategy using Sage Mode as his cloak had dissipated due to attempting to make a Tailed Beast Ball. Ultimately, the Third ends up stabbing himself with his One-Finger Nukite, and his body begins to disintegrate and he is eventually bound and sealed. Dodai surmises that in the end, no one person could have the strongest shield and spear, noting that in the end, the Third had the strongest spear. Naruto agrees, noting that Gaara of the Sand probably had the strongest shield. Meanwhile on Gaara's battlefield, the division struggle to defeat the Second Mizukage.

302
"Terror: The Steam Imp"
"Kyōfu – Jōki Bōi" (恐怖・蒸危暴威)
February 28, 2013
July 11, 2015

Ōnoki is revealed to be a sand clone shocking the Second Mizukage as the sand rose up to seal him. However, before the tags can be completely applied, Gaara's Desert Layered Imperial Funeral explodes and the Mizukage's ominous face appears in the sky above them. As hail begins to fall, Ōnoki explains that this was not genjutsu again, but the Second's Steaming Danger Tyranny technique. As a chibi-like clone forms before them and begins to attack the Fourth Division, Gaara sets out to find the real Mizukage who, as the Tsuchikage noted, had been left severely weakened after using this technique. Finding him, Gaara moves to immediately seal the Mizukage, but once again before the seals can be applied, the clones intervenes this time, ripping them off the sand pyramid. Popping his head out from atop the pyramid, the Second greets his opponents serenely before ducking back in to avoid a volley of shuriken launched at him. Commenting that this was a good spot to hide, the Mizukage tells the Kazekage and Tsuchikage that he would no longer divulge the mechanisms behind his techniques, because if they were unable to defeat him, they had no hope of taking on the opposition's leader. Narrowly protecting his division from another explosion, Gaara then directly takes on the clone and is successfully able to stop the clone after using a mixture of his sand drenched in hail and his father's gold dust to both halt the clones movements and stop it from exploding by keeping it cool. Greatly impressed by this feat, the Second beams at Gaara stating that he and Naruto who had made his way to the battlefield eventually made a good combination. Before being sealed, the Second declares that he had found the golden egg amongst the current Kage after all. Elsewhere on the battlefield, it is revealed that before being sealed away, Mū had split himself in half. Unable to free his other half, Kabuto contemplates his next move which would buy him enough time to summon his trump card. On the Alliance's side, everything has come to a standstill in the face of the threat of the White Zetsu Army clones infiltrating their ranks, especially at the Logistical Support and Medical Division.

303
"Ghosts from the Past"
"Kako no Bōrei" (過去の亡霊)
March 7, 2013
July 18, 2015

With the Allied Shinobi Forces on high alert because of the imposters within their midsts, their worries are further added to when Otogakure's Sound Four is reincarnated on the battlefield. The members of Konoha's disbanded Sasuke Retrieval Team, however, make short work of these opponents, displaying just how much they had grown over the years despite the amplification of their opponent's cursed seals. However, the Alliance's cheers of victory are soon stifled as a seal activates around the defeated shinobi and Kiba, Akamaru, Neji, Shikamaru, and Chōji. Elsewhere, as he moves towards the location, Naruto senses the malevolence on the battlefield and rushes towards his friends' location.

304
"The Underworld Transfer Jutsu"
"Yomi Tenshin no Jutsu" (黄泉転身の術)
March 14, 2013
July 25, 2015

As Neji, Shikamaru, Chōji, Kiba, and Akamaru regroup to assess their situation, on the other side their friends frantically try to figure out what is wrong with them. Realizing that they are all still alive but left in a form of suspended animation with weak pulses and lethargic chakra flow, Shino and Ino do what they can to keep their comrades' chakra flowing, while requesting word be sent to HQ about the situation. Elsewhere, within the barrier erected by the Sound Four, the Konoha shinobi battle it out once again for their lives. News soon reaches Ino and Shino from Inoichi that their comrades are in something akin to a genjutsu state and that the only way to save them is to locate and recall their souls somehow although not even the sensory barrier at HQ is able to locate their souls. Elsewhere as Naruto rushes towards his friends' location, he encounters a group of shinobi, and takes out a transformed White Zetsu Army clone. After affirming that there were no more enemies in the group, Naruto moves on as there were no shinobi from the Communications Team there. Despite the fact, however, that the Konoha shinobi seem to have the upper hand in their battle against the Sound Four, their enemies regroup and tell them that their efforts are futile against immortals and then informs them that even if somehow they are defeated, there will be no escaping from the barrier; leaving the Konoha shinobi with two seemingly no-win options: die by their hands within the barrier or wait until their bodies in the real world eventually give out, and die regardless.

305
"The Vengeful"
"Fukushūsha" (復讐者)
March 21, 2013
August 8, 2015

As the search to find their comrades' souls become frantic, as both Shino and Ino will themselves to continue keeping their comrades alive, within the barrier, the battle wages on between the Sound Four and the members of the disbanded Sasuke Retrieval Team. Meanwhile on the battlefield, Naruto is finally able to get in touch with HQ after finally finding someone from the Communications Team. When told that there was nothing that could be done as there was no-one in the Allied Shinobi Forces that could sense souls, Naruto lashes out at Shikaku for his seeming indifference to the welfare of his own son, but Shikaku merely notes that as the Chief Strategist of the Alliance, it was his duty to keep a level head and coordinates their efforts on the battlefield. Back within the barrier, as the Konoha-nins' efforts seem even more wasted, they are further perplexed by Shikamaru's constant aggravation of their opponents amidst their seemingly coordinated attacks. The Sound Four's true intention are soon revealed, as they note that they had become more powerful by carrying a vengeful will which was empowering them beyond their imagination, believing that Orochimaru was the one to have reincarnate them. This soon proves to be their undoing as their ill-will festered and grew to tremendous levels, seeping out of the barrier, allowing Naruto to pin-point their location. Realising the rationale behind Shikamaru's indirect and aggravating attacks, on the other side of the barrier Naruto creates an enormous Rasen-Shruiken and successfully destroys the barrier, freeing his comrade's souls which return to their bodies while defeating the Sound Four. Back in their bodies, the Alliance is overjoyed to see their comrades alive and well. Conversely, however, Naruto worries, that negative feelings were still festering all over on the battlefield.

306
"The Heart's Eye"
"Kokoro no Me" (心の目)
March 28, 2013
August 15, 2015

As the remnants of the White Zetsu Army are eradicated one by one, the Hyūga cousins, Neji and Hinata fight side by side with Hinata protecting the newly-recuperated Neji. During this time, Hinata remembers the time that Neji protected her when they were younger: Neji was left in charge of Hinata's training as her father Hiashi had left the village on other duties. During the gruelling training, Hinata's eyesight became severely strained and she is put on bed-rest by a doctor in order to recover. Not wanting Hinata to miss the fireworks that she had made plans to attend with Team Kakashi, Neji goes to seek out the Eyebright plant that is fabled to grow in the Valley of Judgement, despite being advised against it. Accompanied by Naruto and Sakura, they make their way to the valley, where they are beset upon by humanoid creatures, without faces. Though they initially put up a valiant effort to stave them off, it starts becoming increasingly apparent that they it would become a battle of attrition until Might Guy and Kakashi make a surprise appearance and send the creatures scurrying away. After explaining why they are there, Kakashi notes that the search for the plant is futile and with that they all return to the village. Later, during the fireworks display, Hinata sits on her verandah for the display. In present time she reveals to Neji that Naruto and Sakura had told her the lengths he went through to help her, and had always wanted to thank him. With that, they resolve to defeat the enemy until Naruto arrives on the battlefield.

307
"Fade into the Moonlight"
"Gekkō ni Kiyu" (月光に消ゆ)
April 4, 2013
August 22, 2015

With a break in the fighting, the Allied Shinobi Forces tend to the dead and injured. The Logistical Support and Medical Division camp is ablaze with activity as medical-nin try their best to save their comrades. Elsewhere, Kabuto notes the body count climbing and decides to take further action. Summoning a confused Hayate Gekkō, Kabuto fills him in on what had happened leading up to and after his death. At the medical camp, the corpses of shinobi with kekkei genkai and clans deemed important are being documented and sealed away to be returned after the war. Wanting to take the opportunity to collect samples, Kabuto reincarnates a Sand and Cloud shinobi to form a team with Hayate. This team infiltrates the medical division's camp and causes mayhem on the ground. There they steal the KIA scroll that was being formulated by the medics. As they make their escape, the medics form a team to pursue them in order to retrieve the list. With the request that Yūgao join the team, she protests that she could not, as Hayate was her former lover.

308
"Crescent Moonlight"
"Mikazuki no Yoru" (三日月の夜)
April 11, 2013
August 29, 2015

Yūgao thinks about the time she used to spar with Hayate, learning kenjutsu as she and the search party hunt for Hayate's team. When they find them the sealing team quickly takes out the other members of Hayate's team and continue over to Hayate. But they get injured in the process of protecting Yūgao from Hayate's blow. They escape and get tended to their wounds. It is learnt that they cannot carry on further owing to their wounds. Yūgao explains to Sakura why she cannot fight anymore. But Sakura says that they had to fight because of the "unforgivable" technique that Kabuto has used to wage this war and goes to retrieve the scroll on her own. During the fight she is saved from a death blow from Hayate by Yūgao who had decided to step in. Yūgao tells Sakura to fetch the sealing corps. The fight ensues during which Hayate commends Yūgao on her improvement in swordsmanship. During the fight Kabuto senses the delay and tries to take over Hayate's consciousness who seemingly pins Yūgao to a tree but in fact is saved by the efforts of Hayate to take back control and gets himself pierced by Yūgao's sword and falls. He is finally sealed and everyone returns to the medical camp.

309
"The A-Rank Mission: Food Fight"
"Ē-Ranku Ninmu: Gozen Jiai" (A級任務・御膳試合)
April 18, 2013
September 5, 2015

Naruto arrives to help a team of Allied Shinobi Forces led by Karui, who are struggling against a reanimated samurai, whom Naruto recognizes as a man named Tatewaki he met on a previous mission. Naruto has a flashback to when Tsunade assigned Team 10 and Naruto to go to the Land of This and kidnap Shū, the son of the Feudal Lord under a treaty. Shikamaru formulates a plan to capture the Shū by having Chōji enter an eating contest at the Land of This' castle and get second place. Chōji speeds through the competition, and before the final round, Ino uses her Mind Transfer Jutsu to take control of Shū and goes to the washroom in the castle, where Naruto uses his Transformation Technique to transform into Shū. When Shū is able to re-enter his body, he asks who Shikamaru is and Shikamaru explains the mission to him. Meanwhile, before Chōji can win the final round of the eating contest, Shikamaru uses the Shadow Possession Jutsu to stop Chōji from eating the last BBQ chicken and giving him in second place after Isono.

310
"The Fallen Castle"
"Rakujō" (落城)
April 25, 2013
September 12, 2015

Team Asuma succeeds in bringing Shū into custody, where they secure a room at an inn for the night. Elsewhere Naruto continues to act as Shū's double and has a hard time going through his daily duties. As Akatsuki members Deidara and Sasori bicker while nearing their destination, the real Shū gets the opportunity to relax and enjoy things he was previously not able to. However, Naruto's cover is soon blown as Tatewaki and Chiyo realise he was not the real Shū, and Naruto is forced to explain everything to them when his escape is foiled. However, no sooner is the Land of This assaulted by Sasori's hundred puppets and Deidara's explosive creations. Confronting Sasori and reprimanding him for his actions, Tatewaki noted that even though the daimyō for the country was dead, his allegiance to him was never-ending. Ultimately Tatewaki lost his life, having been poisoned by Sasori's Puppet Technique: Prosthetic Arm Senbon. Later, as the Akatsuki members pull out, Yamato watches from a distance noting that overall the mission went well. Back in present time, Tatewaki learns that Chiyo and Shū were safe and moving around with the other Feudal Lord under the protection of the Feudal Lord Protection Squad. Relieved to hear this Tatewaki stops struggling and though wishing he could see them once again, his soul is released to the afterlife, and his body begins to crumble.

311
"Prologue of Road to Ninja"
May 2, 2013
September 19, 2015

Tobi speaks with Zetsu about testing out a limited, trial-version of the "Infinite Tsukuyomi", but first notes that he needs to find what the target of the technique desires. Using the Crystal Ball Jutsu, Tobi finds Naruto Uzumaki in his apartment, bored and playing cards with two shadow clones. Meanwhile, Team Guy returns from a mission, with Tenten suggesting a trip to the public bath. Rock Lee declines her offer stating that he needed to train. During his training, he came across Naruto who was still in his apartment sulking and had the idea to invite him and the rest of their friends to the public bath. In the baths, Sakura asks Hinata to loosen up, only for her to complain about her sizeable bust, much to Sakura's envy. While the girls bathed, Naruto told the guys that Lee would come after his training. Akamaru, who had sneaked into the bath house as a transformed Kiba, got soap all over the floor, which caused Chōji to slip and roll into the bath. This caused some of the water to flow out and prompted Shikamaru to have Chōji use the Expansion Justu in order to get the water level back up. While training on what was the top of the female changing area, Lee falls through the ceiling, getting himself caught by an angry Ino. Naruto, who decided to try to peek at the girls despite Neji's warning, witnessed their angry reactions at Lee, accusing him of being a pervert. Naruto, however, knew that Lee gathered everyone together so that Naruto wouldn't be alone and stood up for him. However, unbeknownst to Naruto, a bra got stuck to the back of his towel, causing Sakura to beat him up thinking he was being a panty thief. With the trip essentially ruined, Naruto returned to his apartment, still sulky. Later that night, however, the guys came to Naruto's apartment for a game of cards and after they left, Naruto felt depressed as he wished they had stayed for dinner. Deciding this was enough, Tobi declared that he now knows Naruto's desires and, surrounded by seemingly all the other members of Akatsuki, began the limited version of Infinite Tsukuyomi.

312
"The Old Master and the Dragon's Eye"
"Rōjin to Ryū no Me" (老人と龍の目)
May 9, 2013
September 26, 2015

Still searching thoroughly for any remaining factions of the enemy, the Third Division came across another reincarnated shinobi: Master Chen — a renown hero of the Hidden Leaf who was thought to have died during the Third Shinobi World War. As Might Guy who is happy at the prospect on challenging such a famed taijutsu master, Konoha's Sublime Green Beast of Prey soon finds himself being forced on the defensive by the old man. A shinobi is able to break away from the battle and in his search for reinforcements, finds Rock Lee who rushes to Guy's aid. Seeing the legend he met once before as a genin before him, Lee reveals his history with Chen before engaging the legend in battle. Ultimately, Lee is able to counter Chen's Leaf Dragon God technique, using the One-Man Front Lotus which he had engineered to counter the rotation of the winds of the former. As Chen's immortal body disintegrates, he remembers the time when he had his own student who was incapable of using ninjutsu, and how he had died during the Third Shinobi World War. With that, he notes that it was high time his grave served a purpose. With tears streaming down his face, Lee noted that he would bring offerings of rice balls to his grave.

313
"Rain Followed by Snow, with Some Lightning"
"Ame Nochi Yuki, Tokidoki Kaminari" (雨のち雪, ときどき雷)
May 16, 2013
—

As the shinobi stationed where the sealed Dan Katō is battle the remaining factions of the White Zetsu Army, it suddenly begins raining on the battlefield. Shikamaru spots a shinobi amongst the White Zetsu clones and wonders whether it was yet another reincarnated shinobi. Joined by Chōji, and Ino the trio are shocked to see the familiar face of Yota whom they had met when they were younger. Elsewhere, at the Logistical Support and Medical Division, Sakura also confronts Yota, around whom it is snowing, Kiba and Akamaru also encounter Yota as well, this one, however, creating lightning storms. As each group remembers their time with the young man, they formulate a way to defeat him on the battlefield. Elsewhere, Naruto who is making his way to the battlefield, notices the three different weather phenomenons happening in the different locations and wonders just what is going on.

314
"The Sad Sun Shower"
"Kanashī Tenkiame" (悲しい天気雨)
May 23, 2013
—

Still struggling to find a way to deal with the reincarnated Yota, having resorted to dodging his attack, Ino contacts her father and requests that he patch them through to their comrades. There it is revealed that Sakura, Kiba, and Akamaru were also dealing with Yota. Shocked as to exactly what was going on, the shinobi struggle to find a way to seal Yota as they had done the other reincarnated shinobi. As they remember more of their time as children with Yota, Naruto also encounters a Yota who conjures gusts of wind with each whistle he makes. Ultimately, it is revealed that Konoha's ANBU captured Yota and took him in for questioning. With this, Naruto notes that it was their fault that Yota had died.

315
"Lingering Snow"
"Nagoriyuki" (名残雪)
May 30, 2013
—

Discovering that there are four Yota in different battlefields, and recognising Yota's whistling as the one he had taught him, Naruto informs the others that the Yota they're fighting are in fact disguised White Zetsu, freeing them from the guilt of attacking Yota, resulting in the Zetsu being defeated. Remembering the past, Yota was being held by the ANBU for questioning, the ANBU sensing something wrong with Yota. Naruto acts a decoy for Shikamaru, Kiba, Akamaru, Ino, Chōji and Sakura to sneak in. Shikamaru manages to temporarily paralyse the ANBU, but they soon get the upper hand. About to attack Naruto, Yota acts out and strikes the ANBU with his lightning. Naruto and the others try to get Yota across a river so he can get away, but they all get separated by the strong currents. Yota saves Naruto, but begins drowning. They try to talk to Yota, but he erases their memories of him and their time together. During the war, Yota reveals he was already dead when they first met, having been one of the earliest subjects of the Impure World Reincarnation when Orochimaru began testing it. Yota tells them about how his clan travelled selling weather, which they could control, and how despite being particularly good at it, Yota's body was frail, leading to an early death. Yota covers himself in snow, causes lightning to strike him, leaving Naruto and the others shocked.

316
"The Reanimated Allied Forces"
"Edo Tensei Rengōgun!!" (穢土転生連合軍!!)
June 6, 2013
—

In an attempt to recover his most powerful pawns, Kabuto reincarnates some of his weakest dead soldiers to ambush the Allied Shinobi Forces. He uses Torune to summon them. The White Zetsu appears in the battlefield, and he realizes that those were the Impure World Reincarnation's failures. After the battle that took place, the Shinobi Alliance notices that those reincarnated shinobi were probably D-rank. Between the reincarnated shinobi, some are Shinobi Alliance troops' long gone friends and families. Osoi, who was Toroi's former partner and Musai's father, makes them aware of Kabuto's plan to rescue his stronger pawns. Conscious about the plan, the Allied Shinobi Forces informs the HQ that some reincarnated shinobi are after the Third Raikage. Torune is leading the reincarnated fugitive team that took vantage from Heiji's Swirling Smoke Jutsu to escape the Shinobi Alliance. When they find the sealed Third Raikage, a unknown reincarnated starts running to release the tag, ending up being caught in the Sealing Tag Barrier. Daimaru uses his Earth Style: Sand Dance to get rid of the tags, when they got near the Third Raikage's sealing tag, Chūkaku throws a rosary to the tag and starts praying, when the sealing tag was about to break, Temari appears and attacks Chūkaku before he can break the sealing tag. That's when Daimaru shows up in front of Temari, declaring his love for her. Later on after a long conversation between Temari and Daimaru, the Shinobi Alliance Forces seals Daimaru, Temari attacks the last reincarnated shinobi, Torune, that is hiding behind a rock. With a second and direct attack, Temari realizes that Torune is long gone, leaving a clone in front of her. Kabuto gets surprised with Torune's skills and intends to use him to be successful in his demand.

317
"Shino vs. Torune!"
"Shino VS Torune!!" (シノVSトルネ!!)
June 13, 2013
—

After escaping from the Shinobi Alliance, a reincarnated Torune finds a place far enough to execute a unique kinjutsu to his abilities. However, Shino is able to find him with his kikaichū. Notified from Torune's position, Shino starts a battle in order to stop Torune's kinjutsu. Once face to face with him, Torune asks if Shino made any friends, thinking back about their shared past. When they were little, Shibi was Torune's guardian after Shikuro died, Torune and Shino growing to act as siblings. Torune showed him his insects, and saved him from going to the Root by volunteering himself. Torune explains that he never thought he would get a friend like he did in the Root, Fū. In the battle, Torune takes advantage from his taijutsu learned at Root, unleashing a accurate kick to Shino's stomach. One of Naruto's clones appears and saves Shino from falling into Torune's kinjutsu. Shino shares his knowledge about the opponent's abilities, warning Naruto to not touch Torune's skin, thinking the only way his insects could spread their poison. Torune uses his Poison Cloud Justu to attack them from a distance, but it is blocked by Shino's insects. With the warning to not touch Torune's skin, Naruto starts fighting the reincarnated opponent, who tries to use kenjutsu against him, though Naruto succeeds in breaking his sword. Naruto manages to land a Rasengan, and Torune almost lands a punch on him, failing due to Shino putting himself in between them, taking the hit. Torune is confused that Shino isn't suffering the effects of his venomous insects, and Shino reveals that his punch hit Shino's insects, which Shino has bred with Torune's own insects after he was recruited into Root. This allowed them to build up a resistance against their venom. Shino uses these insects to paralyse Torune, and applies a sealing tag, stopping him and his kinjutsu.

318
"A Hole in the Heart: The Other Jinchuriki"
"Kokoro no Ana - Mō Hitori no Jinchūriki" (心の穴 もう一人の人柱力)
June 20, 2013
—

Gyūki notifies B who had stopped for yet another bathroom break that Naruto was far ahead of them, to the beast's exasperation Motoi catches up to B and informed them that he had been sent to assist them. As they proceed towards the battlefield, a small faction of the White Zetsu Army nearby plotted an ambush on the duo. Kabuto who had also located B decided to enable another one of his special war potentials in order to capture Killer B. As the coffin emerges from underground comically uncovering the White Zetsu in the process the contents of the coffin is revealed to be Fukai, the previous jinchūriki of the Eight-Tails. As the two parties converse, Fukai advises them that he was not in control of his body and that they needed to escape but B notes that without Gyūki, he did not pose as much a threat as he would have. Fukai, however, enters Version 2, shocking B and Motoi. It is then revealed that it was Orochimaru's experiments and actions which brought about Fukai's death and Gyūki's rampage some thirty years prior. As the two men fight in their respective Version 2 states, it is revealed that Orochimaru had infiltrated Kumogakure, drugged Fukai, and extracted Gyūki who launched into a mindless rampage in order to collect some of the beast's cells. Ultimately, with some help from Motoi, Killer B is able to convey his feelings to Fukai who is glad to know that B had found something to fill the void left by being a jinchūriki. As his body deconstructed, Fukai ordered B to end the war. With this, B rushed towards the battlefield noting that his war had just begun.

319
"The Soul Living Inside the Puppet"
"Kugutsu ni Yadoru Tamashī" (傀儡に宿る魂)
June 27, 2013
—

Somewhere in the forest near the battlefield, the Fifth Division led by Mifune is confronted by the reanimated Kimimaro and Chiyo. As he gives orders for his men to back off from the dangerous Kimimaro, Mifune finds himself in a predicament when Chiyo takes control of one of his samurai. Luckily, Kankuro arrives in time to release the samurai from Chiyo's control. Seeing Scorpion, a guilt ridden Chiyo recalls a time when her own means to communicate with Sasori was through her grandson's only friend Komushi who died from a defective invention and became a puppet at his mother's request. Returning to battle, Chiyo starts fighting with Kankuro gathering more samurai to assault Scorpion before Kankuro summons Mother and Father. Seeing Chiyo's shock as she realized she had not overcome the guilt, Kankuro reveals that Sasori entrusted the Mother and Father puppets to him for future generations. Starting to see memories of Sasori's early life and time with his parents, Chiyo admits that her grandson's puppets are in good hands before falling inert much to Kankuro's despair. But it was just a ruse as Chiyo resumes her attack.

320
"Run, Omoi!"
"Hashire Omoi" (走れオモイ)
July 4, 2013
—

Headquarters receives information that Omoi abandoned his post on the battlefield, and quickly contacts Kakashi, who confirms the information, A starts believing he could have deserted but Karui came in his defence putting that idea aside, Sai adding the extra information that he could be going towards the Seventh Front where the Amphibious Search and Destroy Unit was being bailed by the Thundercloud Unit that never got to its destination, and he was concerned with this supply unit composed by children. Omoi contacting the Headquarters promises to rescue the children in one hour. Hoping they were celebrating when he gets there, the Headquarters send a Naruto's clone to help him against the two thousand White Zetsu Army. When at the Seventh Front, Omoi only found Kirigakure-nin corpses and countless White Zetsu clones, Naruto's clone appears in time to help him against that many opponents, but an oversight of Omoi makes Naruto's clone disappear and he gets all alone again against multiple enemies. Advancing through the enemy defences, Omoi is faced with a White Zetsu affected by the red soil that expelled a poisonous smokescreen. On the other side was the Thundercloud Unit led by Yukai, hidden in a statue near a lake, resisting the enemy, while Omoi going in their rescue gets rid of various White Zetsu clones with a lightning bolt under the water they decide to come out and fight, side by side with Omoi they destroy all the enemies, A contacts Omoi and informs that he failed his one hour mission and is going to get punished for that.

text: Home releases[edit]

text: Japanese[edit]

text:
Volume
Date
Discs
Episodes
Reference

1
September 4, 2013
1
296–299
[4]

2
October 2, 2013
1
300–303
[4]

3
November 6, 2013
1
304–307
[4]

4
December 4, 2013
1
308–311
[4]

5
January 8, 2014
1
312–315
[4]

6
February 5, 2014
1
316–320
[4]

text: English[edit]

text:
Viz Media (North America, Region 1)

Box set
Date
Discs
Episodes
Reference

23
July 28, 2015
2
284–296
[5]

24
November 10, 2015
2
297–309
[6]

25
January 26, 2016
2
310–322
[7]

text:
Madman Entertainment (United Kingdom, Region 2)

Volume
Date
Discs
Episodes
Reference

23
February 8, 2016
2
284–296
[8]

24
April 4, 2016
2
297–309
[9]

25
August 15, 2016
2
310–322
[10]

text:
Madman Entertainment (Australia/New Zealand, Region 4)

Collection
Date
Discs
Episodes
Reference

23
September 16, 2015
2
284–296
[11]

24
January 13, 2016
2
297–309
[12]

25
April 6, 2016
2
310–322
[13]


document_title: List of past presumed highest mountains

question_text: before mount everest was discovered which was the highest mountain in the world

root

text: List of past presumed highest mountains

text: This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (September 2013) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

tag: table

text: The examples and perspective in this article may not represent a worldwide view of the subject. You may improve this article, discuss the issue on the talk page, or create a new article, as appropriate. (September 2017) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

text: The following is a list of mountains that have been presumed, at one time, to be the highest mountain in the world. How general were the following presumptions is unclear. Before the age of exploration, no geographer could make any plausible assumption.

tag: p

text:
Chimborazo, 6,267 metres (20,561 ft). Presumed highest from sixteenth century until the beginning of the 19th century. Not in the top 100 highest mountains when measured from sea level, however due to the earth's equatorial bulge this is the farthest point from the Earth's center.
Nanda Devi, 7,816 metres (25,643 ft). Presumed highest in the world before Kangchenjunga was sighted in an era when Nepal was still closed to the outside world. Now known to be the 23rd highest mountain in the world.
Dhaulagiri, 8,167 metres (26,795 ft). Presumed highest from 1808[1] until 1847.[2] Now known to be the 7th highest mountain in the world.
Kangchenjunga, 8,586 metres (28,169 ft). Presumed highest from 1847 until 1852. Now known to be the 3rd highest mountain in the world.[2]
Mount Everest, 8,848 metres (29,029 ft). Established as highest in 1852 and officially confirmed in 1856.[3]
K2, 8,611 metres (28,251 ft). Discovered in 1856 before Mt. Everest was officially confirmed, K2's elevation became something of an enigma until it was officially resolved at a later date.[2] News media reported in 1986 that satellite measurements by the University of Washington during an expedition to K2 by George Wallenstein had given a height between 29,064 feet (8,859 m) and 29,228 feet (8,909 m).[4] This erroneous figure was quickly retracted, and K2's status as second highest was reaffirmed.[4]

tag: ul


document_title: Into the Badlands (TV series)

question_text: where are the badlands located into the badlands

text: Into the Badlands (TV series)

text: Premise[edit]

text: Opening introduction, narrated by M.K. (Aramis Knight):

text:
“
The wars were so long ago nobody even remembers. Darkness and fear ruled until the time of the barons, seven men and women who forged order out of chaos. People flocked to them for protection. That protection became servitude. They banished guns and trained armies of lethal fighters they called Clippers. This world is built on blood. Nobody is innocent here. Welcome to the Badlands.
”

text: The series is set in a post-apocalyptic world approximately 500 years after a war that left civilization in ruins. Many elements of technology, such as electricity and ground vehicles, have survived the apocalypse but society now shuns guns, leading to a reliance on melee weaponry.

text: In a territory known as the Badlands, the former state of Oklahoma[7], a feudal society has developed to fill the power vacuum left by the war. Barons control land and monopolies over commodities like opium and fuel, trading amongst themselves to maintain the peace. Each baron is served by a massive workforce of slaves called cogs, as well as a prostitute class called dolls. A baron maintains power through a corps of young men and women called clippers: highly trained and loyal warriors. clippers are forbidden from marrying and having children lest their loyalties be divided. Each clipper force is captained by a regent.

text: Several groups exist outside the strict hierarchy of the barons. Nomads are the most common, mostly lawless homicidal bandits who subsist on stealing from trade convoys between the baronies but some live in organized clans. The River King and his men control water trade in the Badlands and beyond, and is considered a neutral party in the barons' power struggles. An ascetic religious movement called the Totemists is also shown to exist on the fringes of society, living in isolated communities and practicing a form of idol worship. The Widow leads a revolutionary group of anti-feudal fighters from her late husband's barony; although nominally recognized as a baron by her peers, they do not respect her, and the contempt is mutual.

text: Little is known of the world beyond the Badlands, but it is implied that it is far less politically stable and environmentally sound than the Badlands. The mythical utopian city of Azra is believed to exist outside the Badlands but most dismiss it as a legend.

text: Cast and characters[edit]

text: Main[edit]

text:
Daniel Wu as Sunny, regent (head clipper) to the Badlands' most powerful baron, Quinn. Despite being a man of conviction, he is very loyal to Quinn. Very skilled and proficient in various styles and weapons, he is considered to be one of the deadliest clippers – if not the deadliest – in the Badlands. Based on Sun Wukong, the Monkey King.
Orla Brady as Lydia, Quinn's first wife, who is both his fiercest critic and most devoted follower.
Sarah Bolger as Jade, Quinn's new wife-to-be, whose beguiling demeanor hides a core of ambition and tenacity which she uses to manipulate others. She later marries her step-son, Ryder, after Quinn's presumed death. (seasons 1–2)[6]
Aramis Knight as M.K., a seemingly average teenage boy who is anything but. Lurking inside him is a dark energy that the Widow wants to harness into a weapon. Based on Tripitaka, or Tang Sanzang.
Emily Beecham as Minerva, better known as the Widow, the Badlands' newest baron; a brilliant martial artist. She has adopted a blue-winged butterfly as her baronial symbol, shown in yellow on a light blue banner. It represents a transformation from insignificance to beauty and power. Her territory produces crude oil.
Oliver Stark as Ryder, Quinn's only son and presumed heir who later takes over as baron after his father's presumed death along with marrying his step-mother, Jade. (seasons 1–2)[6]
Madeleine Mantock as Veil, a doctor who is in a secret relationship with Sunny (seasons 1–2).[6]
Ally Ioannides as Tilda, a teenage assassin well-trained in the martial arts, she is the Widow's adopted daughter and later becomes her regent.
Marton Csokas as Quinn,[8] the Badlands' preeminent baron and a former clipper. His baronial symbol is an armadillo shown in white on a maroon banner. His territory produces poppy flowers, which are harvested for opium. (seasons 1–2)[6]
Nick Frost as Bajie,[9] a schemer with questionable morals who finds himself allied with Sunny. Based on Zhu Bajie(season 2–present)[6]
Babou Ceesay as Pilgrim, a self-described "Son of Azra". He is the leader of the Totemists, worshipers who are with him to recreate Azra in the Badlands. Can control those with the Gift, including Nix, Castor and M.K. (season 3).[10]
Lorraine Toussaint as Cressida, high priestess of Pilgrim and his followers (season 3).[11]
Ella-Rae Smith as Nix, a member of Pilgrim's followers who has the Gift. She is close friends with Castor (season 3).[10]
Sherman Augustus as Nathaniel Moon, a former clipper who fights with honor, looking for his 1,000th Clip. Battled Sonny; after he lost, wanted to be killed but lost his hand instead. The Widow's regent, he is tasked with tracking down Sunny (guest season 2; main season 3).[10]

text: Recurring[edit]

text:
Yohance Myles as Ringo, the tattoo artist of the clippers who inks their kill marks on their bodies.
Benjamin Papac as Bale, a colt (a clipper-in-training) and a seemingly benevolent boy who befriends M.K.
Mike Seal as Petri, one of Quinn's clippers.
Stephen Lang as Waldo, a paraplegic former regent serving under Quinn (season 1) and the Widow (season 2).
Teressa Liane as Angelica, a prostitute/spy loyal to the Widow (season 1).
Ellen Hollman as Zypher, a regent of Baron Jacobee who has a history with Sunny.
Edi Gathegi as Baron Jacobee, who has an alliance with Quinn. His baronial colors are a pattern of blue and green plaid.
Lance E. Nichols as the River King, an importer and exporter of goods and cogs (indentured servants) up and down the river through the Badlands.
Lance Henriksen as Penrith, Lydia's father and the leader of a Totemist religious commune (seasons 1–2).
Cung Le as Cyan, head Abbott who journeys with his fellow Abbotts, Ramona and Dury, searching for those who have abilities.
Eve Connolly as Ava, an fighting instructor who works with M.K. (season 2).
Stephen Walters as the Engineer, boss of the pickers (miners) in the Bordeaux Mines (season 2).
Chipo Chung as the Master, leader of the Abbott who trains M.K., teaching him how to control his abilities (season 2–present).
Maddison Jaizani as Odessa, a former doll who becomes one of the Widow's Butterflies, and later is Tilda's lover (season 2–present).
Eleanor Matsuura as Baron Juliet Chau, who wants Quinn dead. She has adopted a fox as her baronial symbol, shown in black on a cream colored banner. Her baronial color is mostly white (season 2–present).
Alan Wai as Baron Hassan, who voted against the Widow's barony at the conclave. For his baronial symbol, he adopted a peacock shown in yellow gold on a purple banner. His territory produces silk (season 2).
Jonathan Ryan as Baron Broadmore, who also voted to exile the Widow during the conclave. His baronial symbol is two narwhals with their tusks crossed shown in white on a navy blue banner (season 2).
Ivo Canelas as Baron Rojas, who voted against the Widow's exile at the conclave. For his baronial symbol, he adopted a grasshopper shown in green on a black banner (season 2).
Dean-Charles Chapman as Castor, a member of Pilgrim's followers who has the Gift. Is friends with Nix (season 3).[10]
Lewis Tan as Gaius Chau, brother of Juliet Chau who has childhood history with Minerva (season 3).[10]
Wayne Gordon as Otto, a regent for Baron Chau.

text: Episodes[edit]

text: Series overview[edit]

text:
Season
Episodes
Originally aired

First aired
Last aired

1
6
November 15, 2015 (2015-11-15)
December 20, 2015 (2015-12-20)

2
10
March 19, 2017 (2017-03-19)
May 21, 2017 (2017-05-21)

3
16[12]
April 22, 2018 (2018-04-22)
TBA

text: Season 1 (2015)[edit]

text:
No.
overall
No. in
season
Title
Directed by
Written by
Original air date
U.S. viewers
(millions)

1
1
"The Fort"
David Dobkin
Alfred Gough & Miles Millar
November 15, 2015 (2015-11-15)
6.39[13]

Regent Sunny, a highly-skilled fighter and the deadliest "Head Clipper" for Baron Quinn battles the Nomads to rescue a mysterious boy named M.K. who harbors a dark secret about his past. But when he brings him back to The Fort to train as a "Colt", a Clipper-in-training, things quickly get out of hand with another trainee. When first blood is drawn, M.K. loses control of himself as if something takes over his body, making the boy valuable to an opposing baron, The Widow. Meanwhile, Sunny discovers M.K.'s pendant has the same image as the one on his childhood compass of a place called Azra, the boy's home. In order to seek out the truth about his own past, Sunny wants to know more of this city beyond the Badlands, and must find a way out, especially now that his lover Veil is illegally pregnant with his child.

2
2
"Fist Like a Bullet"
David Dobkin
Alfred Gough & Miles Millar
November 22, 2015 (2015-11-22)
4.83[14]

After wandering into The Widow's territory, M.K. meets the Widow's daughter Tilda, whom he follows for refuge in her mother's mansion. But it turns out to be a dangerous place since she wants to use his dark power to overthrow the other barons. Meanwhile, after Quinn's headaches are diagnosed by his long-time doctor as a tumor, he doesn't have long to live. He wants to keep the news a secret, so he orders Sunny to "clip" the doctor and his wife, Veil's parents, who know about their unborn baby. However, Sunny refuses and Quinn has to murder them himself, and gives him a second chance to test his loyalty. Later, when Sunny and Ryder are attacked by The Widow's nomads, M.K. saves Sunny's life and agrees to show him the way out of the Badlands. But Sunny has a condition; he will bring M.K. back to The Fort for training so he can be strong enough to smuggle Veil and the baby out.

3
3
"White Stork Spreads Wings"
David Dobkin
Alfred Gough & Miles Millar & Justine Juel Gillmer
November 29, 2015 (2015-11-29)
5.17[15]

Quinn seeks retribution against The Widow and pays the price with losing many Clippers in his surprise attack. M.K. breaks away from the Colts to steal the book about Azra in The Widow's study, where Tilda sees him. Sunny begins to train M.K., but he must first learn discipline, especially when he underestimates Waldo during their fight because Waldo uses a wheelchair. As Ryder's life slowly fades, Jade desperately seeks help from Veil who reluctantly yet successfully treats him. But it results in Quinn knowing about her and Sunny's relationship. In order for Quinn to form an alliance with Jacobee, the one baron who doesn't hate him as much, Sunny must reunite with Zypher, Jacobee's regent to arrange a meeting. M.K. brings the book to Veil to be translated, but it's in a language she doesn't recognize. As M.K. hides, Veil is interrupted by Quinn who wants her to save him from his deadly illness.

4
4
"Two Tigers Subdue Dragons"
Guy Ferland
Alfred Gough & Miles Millar & Michael Jones-Morales
December 6, 2015 (2015-12-06)
2.42[16]

Sunny has to figure out how to control M.K.'s power, especially when he gets knocked out by a single punch. Jade prepares for her wedding, and taking Lydia's advice, she stops her relationship with Ryder, who feels broken and betrayed. Sunny finds out Veil has been helping M.K. translate the Azra book and treating Quinn for his tumor. Later, Quinn sets a parlay with Baron Jacobee to help him defeat The Widow after she beheads one of his Clippers. Both barons meet in the City of the Dead at Cross Bend where problems arise. M.K. spies a disguised Tilda and gives pursuit and they fight. Tilda cuts him, unleashing his darkness that only she can stop. Ryder is enlisted by Zypher who is secretly working for The Widow to join their cause to start a war. Waldo grants Sunny an audience with the River King, importer of goods and cogs, to reserve a passage out of the Badlands. However, the River King demands M.K.'s head as payment due to M.K. having previously killed some of his Cogs.

5
5
"Snake Creeps Down"
Guy Ferland
Alfred Gough & Miles Millar & Justin Doble
December 13, 2015 (2015-12-13)
2.21[17]

Sunny finds a direction when he uses his broken compass in the Azra book's cutout. After the poppy fields are abandoned, Quinn has a migraine and puts Jade in charge to train Clippers how to harvest. In order to look for "the boy at the Fort", The Widow takes in Quinn's cogs, promising them freedom in return for loyalty. Waldo tells Ryder to take M.K.'s pendant to Ryder's grandfather Penrith, a preacher, who says Azra is just a made-up story. Veil asks Quinn if he killed her parents and says it was Sunny's blade that ended their lives, not his. When Sunny brings Petri and his Colt, Bale, to track The Widow and her Butterflies, Tilda warns M.K. every time he is cut, his life force gets weaker, and gets captured. A fight ensues between her mother and Sunny, while Bale, wanting to make his first kill, fights Tilda, but meets a deadly end when M.K. cuts himself to save her.

6
6
"Hand of Five Poisons"
Guy Ferland
Alfred Gough & Miles Millar & Michael R. Perry
December 20, 2015 (2015-12-20)
2.16[18]

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After his failure to finish off The Widow, Quinn suspects that Sunny is a traitor and imprisons him. Meanwhile, Jade frames Lydia for trying to poison her, resulting in Quinn exiling her. With no other choice, Lydia returns to Penrith and rejoins her father's congregation. Later, Tilda kidnaps Veil, asking her to treat The Widow's wounds. Veil warns Tilda that her mother does not truly love her. She leaves two bottles of poison and the tincture, making it Tilda's choice whether to kill her or not. Instead, Tilda confronts The Widow who insists she's trying to save M.K. and explains she was once special like him. When M.K. escapes, Quinn convinces him to join his ranks in return for sparing Tilda and Sunny's lives; he agrees. Sunny is freed by Waldo, who reveals himself as the true traitor, and urges him to leave the Badlands, but he goes in search of M.K. At the Dollhouse, Quinn is ambushed by Ryder who teamed up with Jacobee and Zypher. Quinn triggers M.K.'s abilities and he quickly disposes of them all. Sunny shows up, impales Quinn with his sword, and attempts to subdue M.K. However, three Abbotts arrive and easily defeat them, revealing they have the same abilities as M.K., and take him away. In order to secure transportation out of the Badlands, Sunny had presented Bale's head to the River King, to pass off as M.K.'s. But the River King finds out and knows Sunny tried to cheat him. The River King captures him, intending to sell Sunny to the highest bidder.

text: Season 2 (2017)[edit]

text:
No.
overall
No. in
season
Title
Directed by
Written by
Original air date
U.S. viewers
(millions)

7
1
"Tiger Pushes Mountain"
Nick Copus
Alfred Gough & Miles Millar
March 19, 2017 (2017-03-19)
3.44[19]

This episode's plot summary may be too long or excessively detailed. Please help improve it by removing unnecessary details and making it more concise. (May 2018) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

Six months later, Sunny, now a "Picker", a miner used for slave labor, excavates coal in the Bordeaux Mines far from the Badlands. He befriends Bajie, a smuggler who is shackled to him. After watching an arena fight in which under-performing Pickers are executed for not making their quota, Sunny plans to escape. Bajie acquires a map and wants to go with him. When Sunny refuses, Bajie betrays his true identity to the mine boss, The Engineer. Meanwhile, M.K. undergoes training from the Abbotts under the tutelage of Ava. Later, M.K. meets The Master, who promises his freedom if he can learn to control his abilities, and oversees his training. In the Badlands, Ryder, whose Baron following his father's presumed death controls Quinn, Jacobee, and The Widow's territories, alongside his love, Jade. During an inspection of the oil fields, The Widow and Tilda, now a regent, return. In a surprise attack they reclaim them, kill most of Ryder's Clippers and force him to retreat. They preside over a growing army of former Cogs and Dolls, promising to end the Badlands feudal system and replace it with a democratic society. Tilda recruits Odessa, a former doll, and has the clippers who abused the dolls killed. While stationed in an abandoned train station, Veil gives birth to a boy and is in the company of Quinn, who survived his impalement.

8
2
"Force of Eagle's Claw"
Nick Copus
Matt Lambert
March 26, 2017 (2017-03-26)
3.41[20]

After Bajie betrays Sunny, The Engineer decides he doesn't like a "rat" for a Picker so he sends them to the fighting pit to battle his champion Mouse. Fortunately, the arena is unguarded. They defeat their foe, make it to the exit and escape through the mine's ventilation system. They find themselves in the Outlying Territories with a wall separating them from the Badlands. Meanwhile, Tilda learns how to be a proper Regent from Waldo who is working for The Widow. Lydia is living with Penrith and his Totemists. All is peaceful until Nomads interrupt a wedding, looking for goods. Lydia takes it upon herself to save the religious group by killing all the bandits herself, resulting in her father's disapproval due to his non-violent beliefs. She is once again cast out and returns to Ryder, who doesn't receive her kindly. Also, The Master sends M.K. to her room of mirrors in order to conquer his inner demon; himself. Later, while hiding out in the abandoned West Avalon transit station, Quinn performs a bloody baptism on Veil's son, Henry, who he proclaims is the Badlands newest heir.

9
3
"Red Sun, Silver Moon"
Toa Fraser
Michael Taylor
April 2, 2017 (2017-04-02)
3.11[21]

This episode's plot summary may be too long or excessively detailed. Please help improve it by removing unnecessary details and making it more concise. (May 2018) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

While wandering the Outlying Territories, Sunny and Bajie find a bridge that leads into the Badlands, but it is guarded by a stranger and they've been followed by bounty hunters. The stranger lends them a helping hand defeating the bounty hunters and gives them shelter. They learn that he's the legendary Clipper Regent Nathaniel Moon, "Silver Moon" who, like Sunny, left the Badlands to live a violence-free life. After he fell in love with a warlord's daughter, he started a family, but they were murdered. Now he hunts fugitives, returning to his violent ways. He tries to convince Sunny that men like them never change. Meanwhile, The Widow asks Waldo to be her Second at the Baron conclave instead of Tilda, but she is in charge if she doesn't return. Veil lies to Quinn about his prognoses by switching out his x-rays with healthy ones. M.K. discovers that the Abbotts are up to something when his friend Tate is experimented on, draining his abilities. Later Silver Moon, still searching for his 1,000th kill mark, sees Sunny as a worthy opponent. He challenges Sunny to a fight to the death or to put him out of his misery by ending his life. Sunny continues on his quest to find his family and does not want to be his executioner; Bajie comes to his aid.

10
4
"Palm of the Iron Fox"
Toa Fraser
Daniel C. Connolly
April 9, 2017 (2017-04-09)
1.57[22]

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Quinn puts his plan in motion to start anew and sets off with his Clippers. Meanwhile before the conclave voting ceremony, The Widow tries to get Baron Chau on her side and thinks about her condition of pledging not to shelter any more runaway Cogs at her Sanctuary. Later, M.K. takes one of The Master's opium-infused origami and returns to the room of mirrors, this time to find out what happened to his mother, but learns that her blood is on his hands. When Quinn is off on his mission, Veil, trapped at the transit station with lone Clipper Edgar, tries to escape with Henry in her arms by drugging him, however he blocks her only way out. During the conclave, the five remaining Barons vote The Widow in breach of the Foundation Treaty, stripped of her baron title, and her lands and privileges are revoked. They give her 48 hours to vacate the Badlands, but she has no intention of giving it up and a baronial showdown is about to begin. Just then, Quinn makes a dramatic entrance first and goes after Ryder, killing his son in the middle of his hedge maze. In the end, Tilda shows up at the melee and helps Waldo and her mother in their fight for a Cog-free world.

11
5
"Monkey Leaps Through Mist"
Paco Cabezas
LaToya Morgan
April 16, 2017 (2017-04-16)
1.42[23]

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With Ryder dead, the other surviving Barons have fled, going to ground. Jade, the only successor, is sworn in as Baron by her Regent, Merrick, and declares war. She then turns to Lydia for help in finding Quinn. However, Lydia has one condition; she gets to kill Quinn herself. Meanwhile, Bajie takes Sunny to Nos, the Commandant of the Mechs, or metal traders, to trade Silver Moon's sword for a shortcut back into the Badlands. Sunny learns from the leader that Quinn's still alive. During their overnight stay, a Doll named Portia visits Sunny asking him to kill Nos so her young daughter Amelia will not lead a life of prostitution. He refuses at first, but after seeing Portia's face mutilated and her stabbed, he and Bajie steal their ride, bringing mother and daughter with them. Also, while training, M.K. escapes the Abbotts and disguises himself with clothes from a corpse that was hanged nearby. Later, The Widow ignores Waldo's advice, to either align with the other Barons who tried to kill her or lose everything she built, instead aligning herself with Quinn. Lydia and the Clippers seek out Quinn, but the bunker doors are booby trapped, and she loses most of her men. In the commotion, Veil finds her way out of the transit station and flees from Quinn, who is having hallucinations of his dead son.

12
6
"Leopard Stalks in Snow"
Paco Cabezas
Matt Lambert
April 23, 2017 (2017-04-23)
1.31[24]

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In the aftermath of the transit station explosion, Lydia loses all her men and is captured by Quinn who offers her a chance to avenge their son with a dagger to his heart. Unlike Ryder, she doesn't hesitate, but Quinn stops her hand from the killing blow, then has an intimate moment. Meanwhile, after their escape from the Mechs; Bajie and Sunny go to Portia's healer friend, located in a Gasper addicts opium den. Veil finds temporary solace at the Widow's Sanctuary, but the Widow makes an unholy alliance with Quinn and hands her and baby Henry over to him. Also, Tilda gets closer to Odessa by telling her why she calls Minerva "mother" and they share an intimate moment witnessed by Waldo. Later, Ava finds M.K., who seemed to have lost his power after a skirmish with a Nomad, leaving him bloody. They make camp at an Old World hotel left abandoned during Christmas 2024. Sunny and M.K. reunite, but he's followed by the three Abbotts; Cyan, Ramona, and Dury, seeking out M.K's darkness with an Azraian device. A melee ensues and they're quickly defeated until Bajie shows up, revealing his secret of being an Abbott in another life. Ava dies from her injuries after saving M.K. while Sunny suddenly collapses from a mysterious blow to the chest.

13
7
"Black Heart, White Mountain"
Stephen Fung
Michael Taylor
April 30, 2017 (2017-04-30)
1.42[25]

After a dying Cyan attacked him with the hand of the Five Poisons, a poisoned and comatose Sunny is trapped in a nightmare in which he must confront his inner demons. In the dream, he is living a simple life as a farmer with Veil and Henry who has grown into a boy. Things quickly escalate as the poison seeps through his body, causing all the victims he clipped, including a girl named Artemis, to kill him. Bajie and M.K. infiltrate the Abbott monastery to gather medical supplies and special needles in order to revive Sunny, along with Sunny's Azra compass that Bajie secretly steals. Later, Bajie explains his departure from the monastery. He had a loving relationship with his novice Flea, who had dark abilities similar to M.K. and wishes to find her. Meanwhile, Quinn and the Widow assault Jade's palace in order to exile her from the Badlands.

14
8
"Sting of the Scorpion's Tail"
Stephen Fung
LaToya Morgan
May 7, 2017 (2017-05-07)
1.29[26]

Quinn and the Widow prove their alliance by presenting their gifts: Baron Hassan and Baron Broadmore's heads. Meanwhile, Bajie gets Sunny and M.K. out of the Outlying Territories and through the wall into the Badlands. But it comes at a price when they're captured by Baron Chau's Clippers. However, Sunny devises a plan to get them out by proposing to Chau he knows how to lure The Widow out. He becomes Chau's Regent, slips Bajie the cell key to his freedom, and delivers M.K. to The Widow in order to find Quinn's hideout. Sunny and The Widow's reunion is a bloody one as they work together, alongside M.K. and Tilda, fighting the Clippers. Later, Veil is forced to marry Quinn so he can help raise Henry, grooming him as his heir to the baroncy. Their consummation is interrupted by a report that Sunny is alive, and has joined forces with the Widow and is coming to find Quinn.

15
9
"Nightingale Sings No More"
Paco Cabezas
Justin Britt-Gibson
May 14, 2017 (2017-05-14)
1.56[27]

Twenty years ago, Bajie, an Abbott is tasked with training a new novice who, due to her powerful "Gift", is brought to the monastery in a large chest. She breaks free and Bajie has to subdue her, and because of her small size, he nicknames her Flea. However, her name is Minerva and she carries the book of Azra that's been in her family for generations. Back to the present, Sunny aligns with the Widow who offers him and M.K., now without his abilities, sanctuary. The Widow plans to attack Quinn's bunker, but Quinn sends his young Clipper Gabriel strapped with a suicide bomb to deliver Sunny a message about Veil, and learns that the Widow traded her to Quinn. In the chaos of the explosion, Sunny escapes and runs into Bajie, telling him to get M.K. out and meet him at the bunker. Bajie reunites with Minerva, but it's not the reunion he wanted, as he and M.K. are captured trying to steal the Azra book. Later, Tilda confronts the Widow about how she's become like the rest of the barons: power-hungry and sacrificing innocent lives. The two fight, and Tilda is defeated.

16
10
"Wolf's Breath, Dragon Fire"
Paco Cabezas
Alfred Gough, Miles Millar & Matt Lambert
May 21, 2017 (2017-05-21)
1.37[28]

While M.K. remains in the Widow's clutches forcing him to get his Gift back, Odessa frees Bajie and a crippled Tilda from captivity with the aid of Waldo. Bajie helps Sunny in his assault on Quinn's bunker. During the assault, Bajie is wounded by one of Quinn's lieutenants before disappearing, and Lydia is saved from execution. Meanwhile, Sunny is reunited with Veil and fights a final battle with Quinn. Badly wounded, Quinn grabs Veil and tries to take her hostage and gives him an ultimatum; either Sunny gives him Henry or he will kill Veil. Refusing to let Quinn have the upper hand, Veil fatally impales both herself and Quinn with his own sai. With her dying breath, Veil implores Sunny to raise their son to be good. Later, an injured Bajie rides Sunny's motorcycle to a derelict communications tower and reactivates it with the Azra compass, sending out a Morse code before collapsing from his stab wound.

text: Season 3 (2018)[edit]

text:
No.
overall
No. in
season
Title
Directed by
Written by
Original air date
U.S. viewers
(millions)

17
1
"Enter the Phoenix"
Paco Cabezas
Matt Lambert
April 22, 2018 (2018-04-22)
1.35[29]

It's been six months since Sunny returned to the Badlands, which is now ravaged by a civil war between the only two barons left: The Widow and Chau. He reunites with Bajie to seek a cure for his infant son Henry, who has The Gift. Tilda, known as the "Iron Rabbit", and her band of thieves are stealing from The Widow and protecting Lydia in a Totemsist camp. Meanwhile, M.K. is being held captive by The Widow who is trying to help him get back his power. She also recuits Moon who is in hiding after his fight with Sunny left him with one hand. Later, a new threat emerges.

18
2
"Moon Rises, Raven Seeks"
Paco Gonzalez
Matt Lambert
April 29, 2018 (2018-04-29)
1.27[30]

After receiving Bajie's signal, Pilgrim, the son of Azra, along with his Acolytes travel a long way in search for a new kingdom in the Badlands. They find one in a ruined castle on an island, once a natural history museum. Moon joins The Widow as her Regent. He's tasked with finding Bajie, who is vital in the war effort. Sunny learns he passed The Gift to Henry. He and Bajie seek help from Lydia who tell them about Ankara, the Mad Witch who processes knowledge about The Dark Ones. Wanting answers, they set out north to Vulture's Peak where she can be found. Later, The Widow struggles to control M.K. who tries to kill himself with opium. She wants the Iron Rabbit's head, unbeknownst the thief is Tilda.

19
3
"Leopard Snares Rabbit"
Toa Fraser
Michael Taylor
May 6, 2018 (2018-05-06)
0.97[31]

On orders to capture the Iron Rabbit, Moon raids Tilda's refugee camp and takes Odessa to lure her out. Lydia decides to play both sides and partners with The Widow as her Viceroy and she takes over Quinn's mansion. Disguised as The Widow's Clippers, Sunny and Bajie make their was to the frontlines and leave Henry with a healer while they find a way out of the war zone for a cure. Tilda confronts her mother and makes a deal that she'll come back for M.K.'s freedom. M.K. gets his Gift back.

20
4
"Blind Cannibal Assassins"
Toa Fraser
Michael Taylor
May 13, 2018 (2018-05-13)
1.20[32]

While traveling through the Wasteland, Sunny and Bajie face-off against a band of blind cannibals who were once renegade Clippers tracked fown and blinded by Quinn's forces, including Sunny when he was a Colt. They join forces with Moon who was also captured by the assassins, and his honor is satisfied after sparing Henry a father. Baron Chau enlists her imprisoned brother, Gaius to clip Pilgrim who is recruiting Cogs from her territory, while The Widow and Lydia try to befriend Pilgrim, and save his life in the process during Chau's attack. Later, M.K. is on the run, deciding he must find Sunny and kill him, believing he murdered his mother.

21
5
"Carry Tiger to Mountain"
James Marshall
LaToya Morgan
May 20, 2018 (2018-05-20)
1.08[33]

Sunny and Bajie reach Vulture's Peak and seeks help from Ankara, a reclusive witch, who temporally heals Henry's darkness. She tells Sunny someone powerful dispelled his Gift as a child, and in doing so, made him a Catalyst, from where the dark gift flows through him. She also declared that Sunny may be the most powerful of them all. After Nix saves him in the forest, M.K. meets Pilgrim, who wants to use his powers for his cause in ushering in a new era of blood and chaos in the name of Azra. The Widow confronts Gaius, Chau's brother and a ghost from her past from when she served his father as Baron Chau's Cog. He agrees to help fight his sister's Clippers who, along with Castor, ransacked Tilda's refugee camp.

22
6
"Black Wind Howls"[34]
TBA
TBA
June 3, 2018 (2018-06-03)
TBD

23
7
"Dragonfly's Last Dance"[34]
TBA
TBA
June 10, 2018 (2018-06-10)
TBD

24
8
"Leopard Catches Cloud"[34]
TBA
TBA
June 17, 2018 (2018-06-17)
TBD

text: Episode eleven is written by Stephanie Hicks & Matt Lambert, and directed by Tricia Brock.[35]

text: Production[edit]

text: Described as a "genre-bending martial arts series". AMC ordered 6 one-hour-long episodes of the action-drama developed by AMC Studios for a premiere in late 2015.[36] Mike Shinoda of Linkin Park composed the title theme.[37] Executive producer Stephen Fung also serves as the series' action director alongside veteran Hong Kong choreographer, Ku Huen-chiu.[38]

text: Broadcast[edit]

text: Internationally, the series premiered in Australia on November 17, 2015, on Showcase.[39] In Germany, Austria, Italy, and the UK, the series is available through Amazon Prime Instant Video with each episode accessible the day after the U.S. air date.[40] BBC America began airing double episodes on August 20, 2016, at 10pm ET.[41]

text: Home media[edit]

text:
Complete Season
DVD/Blu-ray Release dates
Additional info

Region 1/A
Region 2/B
Region 4/C

1
November 8, 2016[42]
n/a
n/a
The Blu-ray/DVD box-sets include featurettes, making of the fight scenes, the characters of the series, and digital comic.

2
March 13, 2018[43]
n/a
n/a
Deleted scenes.

text: Reception[edit]

text: Critical response[edit]

text: The first season received mixed reviews from critics. The review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes reported a 54% approval rating with an average rating of 4.72/10 based on 39 reviews. The website's critical consensus reads, "Into the Badlands is loaded with off-kilter potential that's left largely unfulfilled -- although its well-choreographed action sequences should satisfy martial arts fans."[44] Metacritic, which uses a weighted average, assigned a score of 54 out of 100 based on 29 critics, indicating "mixed or average reviews".[45]

text: The second season received positive reviews from critics. Rotten Tomatoes reports a 100% approval rating with an average rating of 7.53/10 based on 5 reviews.[46]

text: Tim Goodman of The Hollywood Reporter gave a generally positive review and wrote, "AMC finds a bloody, fun and entertaining non-zombie counterpart to The Walking Dead and turns Sundays into an escapist red zone."[47] Maureen Ryan of Variety wrote, "The action scenes scattered throughout Into the Badlands are not just stirringly presented, they represent a test passed with flying, and bloody, colors. This efficient AMC series is an homage to classic Samurai films and kinetic action fare churned out by Hong Kong maestros of furious fists, and if the TV drama had failed to meet the standards set by the sturdiest examples of those genres, it would have seemed superfluous at best. Fortunately, star Daniel Wu is more than up to the task of occupying the center of this streamlined story of vengeance, tyranny and roundhouse kicks."[48]

text: Ratings[edit]

text: Season 1 (2015)[edit]

text:
No.
Title
Air date
Rating
(18–49)
Viewers
(millions)
DVR
(18–49)
DVR viewers
(millions)
Total
(18–49)
Total viewers
(millions)

1
"The Fort"
November 15, 2015
3.2
6.39[13]
0.8
1.83
4.0
8.22† [49]

2
"Fist Like a Bullet"
November 22, 2015
2.3
4.83[14]
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A

3
"White Stork Spreads Wings"
November 29, 2015
2.5
5.17[15]
0.7
1.52
3.2
6.69† [50]

4
"Two Tigers Subdue Dragons"
December 6, 2015
1.1
2.42[16]
0.6
N/A
1.7† [51]
N/A

5
"Snake Creeps Down"
December 13, 2015
1.0
2.21[17]
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A

6
"Hand of Five Poisons"
December 20, 2015
1.0
2.16[18]
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A

text: † Live +7 ratings were not available, so Live +3 ratings have been used instead.

text: Season 2 (2017)[edit]

text:
No.
Title
Air date
Rating
(18–49)
Viewers
(millions)
DVR
(18–49)
DVR viewers
(millions)
Total
(18–49)
Total viewers
(millions)

1
"Tiger Pushes Mountain"
March 19, 2017
1.4
3.44[19]
0.6
1.28
2.0
4.71[52]

2
"Force of Eagle's Claw"
March 26, 2017
1.5
3.41[20]
N/A
1.23
N/A
4.64[53]

3
"Red Sun, Silver Moon"
April 2, 2017
1.4
3.11[21]
0.6
1.38
2.0
4.50[54]

4
"Palm of the Iron Fox"
April 9, 2017
0.6
1.57[22]
0.5
1.12
1.1
2.69[55]

5
"Monkey Leaps Through Mist"
April 16, 2017
0.5
1.42[23]
0.6
1.25
1.1
2.67[56]

6
"Leopard Stalks in Snow"
April 23, 2017
0.5
1.31[24]
0.5
1.22
1.0
2.53[57]

7
"Black Heart, White Mountain"
April 30, 2017
0.5
1.42[25]
0.4
N/A
0.9†[58]
N/A

8
"Sting of the Scorpion's Tail"
May 7, 2017
0.5
1.29[26]
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A

9
"Nightingale Sings No More"
May 14, 2017
0.6
1.56[27]
0.4
1.15
1.0
2.71[59]

10
"Wolf's Breath, Dragon Fire"
May 21, 2017
0.5
1.37[28]
0.4
1.07
0.9
2.44[60]

text: Season 3 (2018)[edit]

text:
No.
Title
Air date
Rating
(18–49)
Viewers
(millions)
DVR
(18–49)
DVR viewers
(millions)
Total
(18–49)
Total viewers
(millions)

1
"Enter the Phoenix"
April 22, 2018
0.5
1.35[29]
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A

2
"Moon Rises, Raven Seeks"
April 29, 2018
0.4
1.27[30]
0.3
N/A
0.7[61]
N/A

3
"Leopard Snares Rabbit"
May 6, 2018
0.3
0.97[31]
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A

4
"Blind Cannibal Assassins"
May 13, 2018
0.4
1.20[32]
0.3
0.82
0.7
2.02[62]

5
"Carry Tiger to Mountain"
May 20, 2018
0.4
1.08[33]
TBD
TBD
TBD
TBD

text: Accolades[edit]

text:
Year
Award
Category
Recipient(s) and nominee(s)
Result
Ref.

2018
Saturn Awards
Best Action-Thriller Television Series
Into the Badlands
Pending
[63]


document_title: Theatre of ancient Greece

question_text: when were the plays held in ancient greece

text: Theatre of ancient Greece

text: Etymology[edit]

text: The word τραγῳδία (tragoidia), from which the word "tragedy" is derived, is a compound of two Greek words: τράγος (tragos) or "goat" and ᾠδή (ode) meaning "song", from ἀείδειν (aeidein), "to sing".[1] This etymology indicates a link with the practices of the ancient Dionysian cults. It is impossible, however, to know with certainty how these fertility rituals became the basis for tragedy and comedy.[2]

text: Origins[edit]

text: The classical Greeks valued the power of spoken word, and it was their main method of communication and storytelling. Bahn and Bahn write, "To Greeks the spoken word was a living thing and infinitely preferable to the dead symbols of a written language." Socrates himself believed that once something was written down, it lost its ability for change and growth. For these reasons, among many others, oral storytelling flourished in Greece.[3]

text: Greek tragedy as we know it was created in Athens around the time of 532 BC, when Thespis was the earliest recorded actor. Being a winner of the first theatrical contest held in Athens, he was the exarchon, or leader,[4] of the dithyrambs performed in and around Attica, especially at the rural Dionysia. By Thespis' time, the dithyramb had evolved far away from its cult roots. Under the influence of heroic epic, Doric choral lyric and the innovations of the poet Arion, it had become a narrative, ballad-like genre. Because of these, Thespis is often called the "Father of Tragedy"; however, his importance is disputed, and Thespis is sometimes listed as late as 16th in the chronological order of Greek tragedians; the statesman Solon, for example, is credited with creating poems in which characters speak with their own voice, and spoken performances of Homer's epics by rhapsodes were popular in festivals prior to 534 BC.[5] Thus, Thespis's true contribution to drama is unclear at best, but his name has been given a longer life, in English, as a common term for performer — i.e., a "thespian."

text: The dramatic performances were important to the Athenians – this is made clear by the creation of a tragedy competition and festival in the City Dionysia. This was organized possibly to foster loyalty among the tribes of Attica (recently created by Cleisthenes). The festival was created roughly around 508 BC. While no drama texts exist from the sixth century BC, we do know the names of three competitors besides Thespis: Choerilus, Pratinas, and Phrynichus. Each is credited with different innovations in the field.

text: More is known about Phrynichus. He won his first competition between 511 BC and 508 BC. He produced tragedies on themes and subjects later exploited in the golden age such as the Danaids, Phoenician Women and Alcestis. He was the first poet we know of to use a historical subject – his Fall of Miletus, produced in 493-2, chronicled the fate of the town of Miletus after it was conquered by the Persians. Herodotus reports that "the Athenians made clear their deep grief for the taking of Miletus in many ways, but especially in this: when Phrynichus wrote a play entitled "The Fall of Miletus" and produced it, the whole theatre fell to weeping; they fined Phrynichus a thousand drachmas for bringing to mind a calamity that affected them so personally and forbade the performance of that play forever."[6] He is also thought to be the first to use female characters (though not female performers).[7]

text: Until the Hellenistic period, all tragedies were unique pieces written in honour of Dionysus and played only once, so that today we primarily have the pieces that were still remembered well enough to have been repeated when the repetition of old tragedies became fashionable (the accidents of survival, as well as the subjective tastes of the Hellenistic librarians later in Greek history, also played a role in what survived from this period).

text: New inventions during the Classical Period[edit]

text: After the Great Destruction of Athens by the Persian Empire in 480 BCE, the town and acropolis were rebuilt, and theatre became formalized and an even greater part of Athenian culture and civic pride. This century is normally regarded as the Golden Age of Greek drama. The centre-piece of the annual Dionysia, which took place once in winter and once in spring, was a competition between three tragic playwrights at the Theatre of Dionysus. Each submitted three tragedies, plus a satyr play (a comic, burlesque version of a mythological subject). Beginning in a first competition in 486 BC each playwright submitted a comedy.[8] Aristotle claimed that Aeschylus added the second actor (deuteragonist), and that Sophocles introduced the third (tritagonist). Apparently the Greek playwrights never used more than three actors based on what is known about Greek theatre.[9]

text: Tragedy and comedy were viewed as completely separate genres, and no plays ever merged aspects of the two. Satyr plays dealt with the mythological subject matter of the tragedies, but in a purely comedic manner.

text: Hellenistic period[edit]

text: The power of Athens declined following its defeat in the Peloponnesian War against the Spartans. From that time on, the theatre started performing old tragedies again. Although its theatrical traditions seem to have lost their vitality, Greek theatre continued into the Hellenistic period (the period following Alexander the Great's conquests in the fourth century BCE). However, the primary Hellenistic theatrical form was not tragedy but 'New Comedy', comic episodes about the lives of ordinary citizens. The only extant playwright from the period is Menander. One of New Comedy's most important contributions was its influence on Roman comedy, an influence that can be seen in the surviving works of Plautus and Terence.

text: Characteristics of the buildings[edit]

text: The plays had a chorus from 12 to 15[10] people, who performed the plays in verse accompanied by music, beginning in the morning and lasting until the evening. The performance space was a simple circular space, the orchestra, where the chorus danced and sang. The orchestra, which had an average diameter of 78 feet, was situated on a flattened terrace at the foot of a hill, the slope of which produced a natural theatron, literally "seeing place". Later, the term "theatre" came to be applied to the whole area of theatron, orchestra, and skené. The coryphaeus was the head chorus member who could enter the story as a character able to interact with the characters of a play.

text: The theatres were originally built on a very large scale to accommodate the large number of people on stage, as well as the large number of people in the audience, up to fourteen thousand. Mathematics played a large role in the construction of these theatres, as their designers had to be able to create acoustics in them such that the actors' voices could be heard throughout the theatre, including the very top row of seats. The Greek's understanding of acoustics compares very favourably with the current state of the art. The first seats in Greek theatres (other than just sitting on the ground) were wooden, but around 499 BCE the practice of inlaying stone blocks into the side of the hill to create permanent, stable seating became more common. They were called the "prohedria" and reserved for priests and a few most respected citizens.

text: In 465 BCE, the playwrights began using a backdrop or scenic wall, which hung or stood behind the orchestra, which also served as an area where actors could change their costumes. It was known as the skênê (from which the word "scene" derives). The death of a character was always heard behind the skênê, for it was considered inappropriate to show a killing in view of the audience.[citation needed] Conversely, there are scholarly arguments that death in Greek tragedy was portrayed off stage primarily because of dramatic considerations, and not prudishness or sensitivity of the audience.[11] In 425 BC a stone scene wall, called a paraskenia, became a common supplement to skênê in the theatres. A paraskenia was a long wall with projecting sides, which may have had doorways for entrances and exits. Just behind the paraskenia was the proskenion. The proskenion ("in front of the scene") was beautiful, and was similar to the modern day proscenium.

text: Greek theatres also had tall arched entrances called parodoi or eisodoi, through which actors and chorus members entered and exited the orchestra. By the end of the 5th century BC, around the time of the Peloponnesian War, the skênê, the back wall, was two stories high. The upper story was called the episkenion. Some theatres also had a raised speaking place on the orchestra called the logeion.

text: Scenic elements[edit]

text: There were several scenic elements commonly used in Greek theatre:

text:
mechane, a crane that gave the impression of a flying actor (thus, deus ex machina)
ekkyklêma, a wheeled platform often used to bring dead characters into view for the audience
pinakes, pictures hung to create scenery
thyromata, more complex pictures built into the second-level scene (3rd level from ground)
phallic props were used for satyr plays, symbolizing fertility in honour of Dionysus.

text: Masks[edit]

text: Masks[edit]

text: The Ancient Greek term for a mask is prosopon (lit., "face"),[12] and was a significant element in the worship of Dionysus at Athens, likely used in ceremonial rites and celebrations. Most of the evidence comes from only a few vase paintings of the 5th century BC, such as one showing a mask of the god suspended from a tree with decorated robe hanging below it and dancing and the Pronomos vase,[13] which depicts actors preparing for a Satyr play.[14] No physical evidence remains available to us, as the masks were made of organic materials and not considered permanent objects, ultimately being dedicated at the altar of Dionysus after performances. Nevertheless, the mask is known to have been used since the time of Aeschylus and considered to be one of the iconic conventions of classical Greek theatre.[15]

text: Masks were also made for members of the chorus, who play some part in the action and provide a commentary on the events in which they are caught up. Although there are twelve or fifteen members of the tragic chorus, they all wear the same mask because they are considered to be representing one character.

text: Mask details[edit]

text: Illustrations of theatrical masks from 5th century display helmet-like masks, covering the entire face and head, with holes for the eyes and a small aperture for the mouth, as well as an integrated wig. These paintings never show actual masks on the actors in performance; they are most often shown being handled by the actors before or after a performance, that liminal space between the audience and the stage, between myth and reality.[14] This demonstrates the way in which the mask was to 'melt' into the face and allow the actor to vanish into the role.[16] Effectively, the mask transformed the actor as much as memorization of the text. Therefore, performance in ancient Greece did not distinguish the masked actor from the theatrical character.

text: The mask-makers were called skeuopoios or "maker of the properties," thus suggesting that their role encompassed multiple duties and tasks. The masks were most likely made out of light weight, organic materials like stiffened linen, leather, wood, or cork, with the wig consisting of human or animal hair.[17] Due to the visual restrictions imposed by these masks, it was imperative that the actors hear in order to orient and balance themselves. Thus, it is believed that the ears were covered by substantial amounts of hair and not the helmet-mask itself. The mouth opening was relatively small, preventing the mouth to be seen during performances. Vervain and Wiles posit that this small size discourages the idea that the mask functioned as a megaphone, as originally presented in the 1960s.[14] Greek mask-maker, Thanos Vovolis, suggests that the mask serves as a resonator for the head, thus enhancing vocal acoustics and altering its quality. This leads to increased energy and presence, allowing for the more complete metamorphosis of the actor into his character.[18]

text: Mask functions[edit]

text: In a large open-air theatre, like the Theatre of Dionysus in Athens, the classical masks were able to create a sense of dread in the audience creating large scale panic, especially since they had intensely exaggerated facial features and expressions.[18] They enabled an actor to appear and reappear in several different roles, thus preventing the audience from identifying the actor to one specific character. Their variations help the audience to distinguish sex, age, and social status, in addition to revealing a change in a particular character's appearance, e.g. Oedipus after blinding himself.[19] Unique masks were also created for specific characters and events in a play, such as The Furies in Aeschylus' Eumenides and Pentheus and Cadmus in Euripides' The Bacchae. Worn by the chorus, the masks created a sense of unity and uniformity, while representing a multi-voiced persona or single organism and simultaneously encouraged interdependency and a heightened sensitivity between each individual of the group. Only 2-3 actors were allowed on the stage at one time, and masks permitted quick transitions from one character to another. There were only male actors, but masks allowed them to play female characters.

text: Other costume details[edit]

text: The actors in these plays that had tragic roles wore boots called cothurni that elevated them above the other actors. The actors with comedic roles only wore a thin soled shoe called a sock. For this reason, dramatic art is sometimes alluded to as "Sock and Buskin."

text: Melpomene is the muse of tragedy and is often depicted holding the tragic mask and wearing cothurni. Thalia is the muse of comedy and is similarly associated with the mask of comedy and the comedic "socks".

text: Male actors playing female roles would wear a wooden structure on their chests (posterneda) to imitate the look of breasts and another structure on their stomachs (progastreda) to make them appear softer and more lady like. They would also wear white body stockings under their costumes to make their skin appear fairer.

text: Most costuming detail comes from pottery paintings from that time as costumes and masks were fabricated out of disposable material, so there are little to no remains of any costume from that time. The biggest source of information is the Pronomos Vase where actors are painted at a show's after party.

text: Costuming would give off a sense of character, as in gender, age, social status, and class. For example, characters of higher class would be dressed in nicer clothing, although everyone was dressed fairly nice. Contrary to popular belief, they did not dress in only rags and sandals, as they wanted to impress. Some examples of greek theatre costuming include long robes called the chiton that reached the floor for actors playing gods, heroes, and old men. Actors playing Goddesses and women characters that held a lot of power wore purples and golds. Actors playing Queens and Princesses wore long cloaks that dragged on the ground and were decorated with gold stars and other jewels, and warriors were dressed in a variety of armor and wore helmets adorned with plumes. Costumes were supposed to be colourful and obvious to be easily seen by every seat in the audience.