document_title: Rickon Stark

question_text: what happened to brandon stark's younger brother

question_tokens: what happened to brandon stark 's younger brother

text: Rickon Stark

text: Character description[edit]

text: Rickon is the youngest son of Eddard "Ned" Stark and his wife Catelyn, and has five siblings—Robb, Sansa, Arya, Bran and his father's illegitimate son Jon Snow. Like his brothers and sisters, Rickon is constantly accompanied by his direwolf, Shaggydog, with whom he shares a strong connection. Martin describes Rickon as favoring his mother in appearance.[4] He is naturally aggressive, strong-willed, and violent: traits reflected in his direwolf companion 'Shaggydog'.[5]

text: Overview[edit]

text: Rickon Stark is not a point of view character in the novels, so his actions are witnessed and interpreted through the eyes of other people, such as his older brother, Brandon Stark. Rickon is mostly a background character in the novels.[6]

text: Storylines[edit]

text: A Game of Thrones[edit]

text: In A Game of Thrones (1996), Ned Stark departs Winterfell with his daughters to serve King Robert Baratheon in King's Landing, while his wife Catelyn remains behind with their sons, grief-stricken over their comatose son Bran. An overwhelmed young Rickon can only follow around his oldest brother Robb, crying.[7] Upset when Robb prepares to leave himself, Rickon hides in the crypts of Winterfell. Shortly after Ned's death in King's Landing, both Bran and Rickon share a vision of their father's spirit in the crypts.[4]

text: A Clash of Kings[edit]

text: Following Ned's death, Rickon is largely unsupervised as Robb and Catelyn leave for war and his sisters are held captive at King's Landing in 1998's A Clash of Kings. Alone with his crippled brother Bran, Rickon develops an unruly, often violent temper. His fear and rage are reflected in Shaggydog, who turns largely feral and attacks several people before being restrained. Several times, Bran's direwolf Summer is forced to fight Shaggydog into submission. Bran and Rickon become Theon Greyjoy's hostages when Theon takes Winterfell by force. He later manages to escape and hide in the crypts below the castle with Bran, Hodor, the Reed siblings Meera and Jojen and the wildling woman Osha.[8] After Winterfell is sacked and burned by Ramsay Bolton, the group emerges to find Winterfell in ruins, and a mortally wounded Maester Luwin tells them that Bran and Rickon need to be separated and taken into hiding.[9] Osha flees with Rickon in her care, and the others accompany Bran.

text: A Dance with Dragons[edit]

text: In A Dance with Dragons (2011), most of Westeros believes Rickon dead, but Lord Wyman Manderly hears from a survivor of the sack of Winterfell that Rickon is allegedly alive and has fled with a woman to the island of Skagos. In return for pledging his loyalty to Stannis Baratheon instead of the Lannisters, Manderly tasks Ser Davos Seaworth with retrieving Rickon from Skagos so that they may reveal him to the Northern lords and inspire them to rally against Roose Bolton, Ramsay Bolton and Walder Frey for betraying the Starks.

text: Family tree of House Stark[edit]

text:
[hide]

v
t
e

Descendants of Rickard Stark

Rickard[a]

Lyarra[b]

Brandon[a]

Catelyn
Tully[c]

Eddard[a]

Lyanna[a][d]

Benjen[a]

Robb[c]

Jeyne
Westerling[e]

Sansa[c]

Tyrion
Lannister[f]

Arya[c]

Brandon[c]

Rickon[c]

Jon
Snow[c][d]

Notes:

^ Jump up to: a b c d e Martin, George R. R. (1996). "Chapter 4: Eddard". A Game of Thrones. pp. 36–45. ISBN 978-0-553-89784-5.
Jump up ^ Martin, George R. R.; García Jr., Elio M.; Antonsson, Linda (2014). "Appendix: Stark Lineage". The World of Ice & Fire. ISBN 978-0-553-80544-4.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g Martin. "Appendix: House Stark". A Game of Thrones. pp. 785–786.
^ Jump up to: a b In the TV series Game of Thrones, Jon is the son of Rhaegar Targaryen and Lyanna
Jump up ^ Martin, George R. R. (2000). "Chapter 14: Catelyn". A Storm of Swords. pp. 192–193. ISBN 978-0-553-89787-6.
Jump up ^ Martin, George R. R. (2000). "Chapter 28: Sansa". A Storm of Swords. pp. 382–393. ISBN 978-0-553-89787-6.

text: TV adaptation[edit]

text: Rickon Stark is played by Art Parkinson in the television adaption of the series of books.[10][11] During an interview with Flicks and the City in 2014, Parkinson mentioned that he was not allowed by his parents to watch Game of Thrones due to its adult content, apart from a few scenes that were related to him.[12] In a later interview published in the New Zealand Herald on 7 April 2015, Parkinson admitted that he was put-off watching Game of Thrones after seeing a three-year old child getting his throat slit in one episode.[13] In a later interview with IGN, he admitted that he is now watching the series.[14][15]

text: In an interview, Parkinson spoke about his return and death. Parkinson stated, "Whenever I was told that I was coming back for Season 6, before they sent me through the scripts and stuff, they sent me through a ring just to say, "Listen, so that you don't get a shock whenever you read the scripts, just know that you die this season."[14] He continued, "Whenever I came back, I was excited to come back, and the scenes all seemed pretty amazing. I was so happy to re-embrace the character."[14]

text: Parkinson has said that his fellow castmember Natalia Tena, who played Rickon's travelling companion Osha, helped him in his acting.[16] He also noted about what he believes Rickon went through after the death of his father Ned Stark, saying "After the death of his father, I think he became very independent and very angry, I think Rickon is a little bit more mature now. He's been away for quite a long time at this point. I think he's a bit more independent and stronger-willed.[16]

text: Remarking on the character's exit and death:

text: It was sad at first, but once I realized how I was going to die in it, then it was cool. It was a cool death, and it was always going to be a good death, so at the same time, I was pretty happy.[14]

text: Storylines[edit]

text: Rickon Stark is Lord Eddard and Lady Catelyn's youngest child, naturally aggressive and strong-willed. His black dire wolf Shaggydog shares these qualities also. When Theon Greyjoy captures Winterfell in Season 2, Rickon hides in the crypts. After Theon can't seem to find where Rickon and Bran are, he then kills two farm boys to pass their bodies off as the Stark boys. After Winterfell is sacked and burned, he, Bran, Hodor, the Wildling woman Osha and the direwolves travel through the North.[17] In Season 3 before they reach the Wall, Rickon, his direwolf and Osha split up from the rest of the group heading to Last Hearth, the seathouse of the Umbers.[18]

text: Sixth season[edit]

text: Following Lord Greatjon Umber's death, Rickon and Osha are betrayed by his heir Smalljon and handed over to the new Warden of the North, Ramsay Bolton, in order to secure an alliance with the Boltons against the wildlings Jon Snow has let through the Wall. To prove Rickon's identity, Smalljon kills Shaggydog and presents his head to Ramsay. Ramsay kills Osha and locks Rickon in the dungeons, sending a letter to Jon at Castle Black demanding the return of Sansa Stark (his wife) and threatening to kill Rickon if Jon does not comply. In retaliation Jon gathers an army of Stark loyalists and marches on Winterfell, now occupied by House Bolton.[19]

text: As the armies prepare for battle outside Winterfell, Ramsay brings out Rickon and orders him to run to Jon as one of his sadistic "games", shooting arrows at Rickon in order to lure Jon into the open. Jon charges out to save Rickon, but Rickon is shot through the heart and dies almost instantly.[20] In the aftermath of the ensuing battle, Rickon's body is recovered and Jon buries him in the crypt, alongside Ned's remains.[21]

text: Because many Northern noble houses were plotting against the Boltons in the books, the show's decision to have them betray Rickon led to fan theories that the direwolf head Smalljon Umber showed to Ramsay was fake and that the Umbers would turn on the Boltons. Parkinson dispelled the rumours, saying that the direwolf head was intended to be real.[22][15][19] Rickon's death scene referenced his first appearance in the series pilot, where he laughs at a poor archery shot before handing off arrows to the archer and running to stand by the target.[23]


document_title: String section

question_text: which instrument performers in a symphony orchestra sit closest to the conductor

root

text: String section

text: Seating arrangement[edit]

text: The most common seating arrangement in the 2000s is with first violins, second violins, violas and cello sections arrayed clockwise around the conductor, with basses behind the cellos on the right.[1] The first violins are led by the concertmaster (leader in the UK); each of the other string sections also has a principal player (principal second violin, principal viola, principal cello and principal bass) who play the orchestral solos for the section, lead entrances and, in some cases, determine the bowings for the section (the concertmaster/leader may set the bowings for all strings, or just for the upper strings). The principal string players sit at the front of their section, closest to the conductor and on the row of performers which is closest to the audience.

tag: p

text:
In the 19th century it was standard[2] to have the first and second violins on opposite sides (violin I, cello, viola, violin II), rendering obvious the crossing of their parts in, for example, the opening of the finale to Tchaikovsky's Sixth Symphony.
If space or numbers are limited, cellos and basses can be put in the middle, violins and violas on the left (thus facing the audience) and winds to the right; this is the usual arrangement in orchestra pits.[3] The seating may also be specified by the composer, as in Béla Bartók's Music for Strings, Percussion and Celesta, which uses antiphonal string sections, one on each side of the stage. In some cases, due to space constraints (as with an opera pit orchestra) or other issues, a different layout may be used.

text: "Desks" and divisi[edit]

text: In a typical stage set-up, the first and second violins, violas and cellos are seated by twos, a pair of performers sharing a stand being called a "desk", Each principal (or section leader) is usually on the "outside" of the first desk, that is, closest to the audience. When the music calls for subdivision of the players the normal procedure for such divisi passages is that the "outside" player of the desk (the one closer to the audience) takes the upper part, the "inside" player the lower, but it is also possible to divide by alternating desks, the favored method in threefold divisi.[4] The "inside" player typically turns the pages of the part, while the "outside" player continues playing. In cases where a page turn occurs during an essential musical part, modern performers may photocopy some of the music to enable the page turn to take place during a less important place in the music.

text: There are more variations of set-up with the double bass section, depending on the size of the section and the size of the stage. The basses are commonly arranged in an arc behind the cellos, either standing or sitting on high stools, usually with two players sharing a stand; though occasionally, due to the large width of the instrument, it is found easier for each player to have their own stand. There are not usually as many basses as cellos, so they are either in one row, or for a larger section, in two rows, with the second row behind the first. In some orchestras, some or all of the string sections may be placed on wooden risers, which are platforms that elevate the performers.

text: Numbers and proportions[edit]

text: The size of a string section may be expressed with a formula of the type (for example) 10-10-8-10-6, designating the number of first violins, second violins, violas, cellos, and basses. The numbers can vary widely: Wagner in Die Walküre specifies 16-16-12-12-8; the band orchestra in Darius Milhaud's La création du monde is 1-1-0-1-1. In general, music from the Baroque music era (ca. 1600-1750) and the Classical music period (ca. 1720-1800) used (and is often played in the modern era with) smaller string sections. During the Romantic music era (ca. 1800-1910), string sections were significantly enlarged to produce a louder, fuller string sound that could match the loudness of the large brass instrument sections used in orchestral music from this period. During the contemporary music era, some composers requested smaller string sections. In some regional orchestras, amateur orchestras and youth orchestras, the string sections may be relatively small, due to the challenges of finding enough string players.

text: The music for a string section is not necessarily written in five parts; besides the variants discussed below, in classical orchestras the 'quintet' is often called  a 'quartet', with basses and cellos playing together.

text: Double-bass section[edit]

text: The role of the double-bass section evolved considerably during the 19th century. In orchestral works from the classical era, the bass and cello would typically play from the same part, labelled "Bassi".[5] Given the pitch range of the instruments, this means that if a double bassist and a cellist read the same part, the double bass player would be doubling the cello part an octave lower. While passages for cellos alone (marked "senza bassi") are common in Mozart and Haydn, independent parts for both instruments become frequent in Beethoven and Rossini and common in later works of Verdi and Wagner.

text: Variants[edit]

text: String section without violins[edit]

text: In Haydn's oratorio The Creation, the music to which God tells the newly created beasts to be fruitful and multiply achieves a rich, dark tone by its setting for divided viola and cello sections with violins omitted. Famous works without violins include the 6th of the Brandenburg Concerti by Bach, Second Serenade of Brahms, the opening movement of Brahms's Ein Deutsches Requiem, Andrew Lloyd Webber's Requiem, and Philip Glass's opera Akhnaten. Fauré's original versions of his Requiem and Cantique de Jean Racine were without violin parts, there being parts for 1st and 2nd viola, and for 1st and 2nd cello; though optional violin parts were added later by publishers.  Some orchestral works by Giacinto Scelsi omit violins, using only the lower strings.

text: String section without violas[edit]

text:
hideThis section has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these template messages)

This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (December 2017)
This section does not cite any sources. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (December 2017) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

 (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

tag: table

text: Handel often wrote works for strings without violas: for example many of his Chandos Anthems. Mozart's masses and offertories written for the Salzburg cathedral routinely dispensed with violas, as did his dances. Leonard Bernstein omitted violas from West Side Story.

text: String section without violins or violas[edit]

text: Stravinsky's Symphony of Psalms has no parts for violins or violas.[6]

text: Third violins[edit]

text: Richard Strauss' Elektra (1909) and Josephslegende, the third movement of Shostakovich's Symphony No. 5 and some of George Handel's coronation anthems, are notable examples of the violins being divided threefold.[citation needed]

text: In other musical genres[edit]

text: "String section" is also used to describe a group of bowed string instruments used in rock, pop, jazz and commercial music.[7] In this context the size and composition of the string section is less standardised, and usually smaller, than a classical complement.[8]


document_title: Camp Red Cloud

question_text: where is camp red cloud located in south korea

text: Camp Red Cloud

text: This August 2010 needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (August 2010) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

text: Camp Red Cloud (CRC) is a United States Army camp located in the city of Uijeongbu, between Seoul and the Korean Demilitarized Zone (DMZ).  The installation was renamed after Medal of Honor recipient Corporal Mitchell Red Cloud, Jr. on Armed Forces Day, May 18, 1957 from its earlier name of Camp Jackson (which continues as the name of another post just south of CRC).[1]

text: Camp Red Cloud covers over 164 acres (0.66 km2) of land in the northwestern edge of the city of Uijeongbu and serves as the Headquarters of 2nd Infantry Division (United States).

text: Camp Red Cloud is the home of several military units including,:

text:
55th MP company,
United States Air Force Tactical Air Control Party (TACP) unit (604th Air Support Operations Squadron),
U.S. Army explosive ordnance disposal detachment (late 1990s),
Division command staff,
hospital staff,
finance staff, and
ROK/KATUSA headquarters.

tag: ul

text: D-company, HQ-company, and the 122d Signal Battalion were retired in 2005, and the remaining soldiers formed the new Division Special Troops Battalion (STB), now the largest unit on the camp. It is a support battalion made up of A CO, and B CO (signal companies), HHSC (division headquarters company), and 2X (division administrative company). The 2nd Infantry Division Band was deactivated in August 2015.

text: In the summer of 1998, the region of South Korea where CRC lies was subjected to severe rains that caused deadly flooding and damage to CRC. Although no US service members lost their lives during the floods, many Korean nationals and domestic livestock perished in the flood waters. A large portion of the hill behind CRC washed away. A massive mudslide devastated the southern half of CRC. For weeks, Camp Red Cloud went without a main PX as it was destroyed by the floods. Several barracks (officer quarters) were leveled in the destruction along with the golf Pro Shop located adjacent to the helipad. The 2ID museum also suffered severe damage in the torrent of mud and water.

text: Camp Red Cloud has been the site of various protests and demonstrations against the US presence in Korea. The largest such protest was in 2002 when Korean protesters tossed molotov cocktails and cut holes in the fences around the post. This demonstration was in reaction to the Yangju highway incident in which a US military vehicle had run over two school girls.[2] Fences around the post have since been replaced with concrete walls.

text: Current commander is COL Jack Haefner.

text: June 2018 Camp Red Cloud conducted a deactivation ceremony, which is one of the first steps for turning the area over to the Republic of Korea Army.  The final transfer will happen sometime in 2019.  The historic 2ID museum is scheduled to be moved to area III on Camp Humphreys.


document_title: The Gods Must Be Crazy II

question_text: the gods must be crazy 2 movie cast

question_tokens: the gods must be crazy 2 movie cast

text: The Gods Must Be Crazy II

text: Plot[edit]

text: The film is split into four stories:

text:
Xixo trying to find his lost children
Two elephant poachers travelling in a truck on which Xixo's children are stuck
A zoologist and a lawyer stranded in a desert
Two soldiers fighting each other

tag: ol

text: The story starts with two elephant poachers crossing the area in which Xixo's tribe lives. Curious about their vehicle, Xixo's son Xiri and daughter Xisa climb into the water tank trailer and are subsequently taken for an involuntary ride as the poachers continue. Xixo follows the truck on foot, determined to retrieve his children.

text: A young lawyer named Ann Taylor arrives at a bush clinic to participate in a lecture. Since she has some spare time, she accepts the invitation by a young man to take a joyride in his two-seat, twin engined ultralight aircraft. They go to see scientist Dr. Stephen Marshall, who exchanges places with the other pilot so he and Ann can continue on, but the plane crashes, stranding them both in the middle of the Kalahari desert. In addition, war is brewing, personified by a lost Cuban soldier (Mateo) and his Angolan enemy (Timi), who repeatedly attempt to take each other prisoner.

text: In the course of the movie, all these people cross paths with Xixo and/or his children. Finally, the plot culminates in the poachers capturing Xixo, Taylor, Marshall, and the two soldiers. Xixo manages to save them, and one of the poachers, who is actually a nice guy kept under the heel of his boss, gives Xixo directions to his children. The boss poacher is captured, both soldiers come to somewhat reluctant terms and part without further violence, Taylor and Marshall return to civilisation (though not without a last embarrassing accident), and Xixo and his family are happily reunited.

text: Cast[edit]

text:
N!xau as Xixo
Eiros as Xiri
Nadies as Xisa
Hans Strydom as Dr. Stephen Marshall
Lena Farugia as Dr. Ann Taylor
Erick Bowen as Mateo
Treasure Tshabalala as Timi
Pierre Van Pletzen as George
Lourens Swanepoel as Big Ben


document_title: Spring break

question_text: when does spring break start in the us

question_tokens: when does spring break start in the us

text: Spring break

text: History[edit]

text: Spring break is an academic tradition in various mostly western countries that is scheduled for different periods depending on the state and sometimes the region.

text: Asia[edit]

text: Japan[edit]

text: In Japan, the Spring break starts with the end of the academic year in March and ends on April 1 with the beginning of a new academic year.

text: Kuwait[edit]

text: In Kuwait, the Spring break is between the two academic or school semesters, usually in December or January, but could last until early February. It is usually a 2 or 3-week break, however, there is no fixed date for it, as the date is adjusted in accordance with the Lunar or Hijri calendar, as it is the case for almost all Arab and Muslim nations.

text: South Korea[edit]

text: In South Korea, the Spring break starts in mid-February (the end of the academic year) and ends on March 1 (a national holiday) with the beginning of a new academic year.[citation needed]

text: Europe[edit]

text: Czech Republic[edit]

text: In the Czech Republic, only primary and secondary school students have a Spring break. The break is one week long and the date of the break differs from county to county to avoid overcrowding of the break destinations in the Czech Republic (Czechs usually travel to the mountains to ski there). The counties are divided into six groups, each group containing counties evenly distributed across the country. The first group starts the holiday on the first Monday of February, the last group starts the holiday five weeks later (usually in early March). The last group of counties becomes the first one to have the Spring break the next year.

text: Georgia[edit]

text: Before 2017, the Spring break in the country of Georgia was typically an Easter holiday, lasting from Thursday to Tuesday in the Holy Week. In 2017, the new Minister of Education and Science of Georgia Aleksandre Jejelava made a new reform by which, students of preschools, elementary & high schools as well as colleges and universities get six days of holiday in March, lasting from March 8 to March 15, for people to go on winter vacations or do other activities.

text: Germany[edit]

text: In Germany, universities typically schedule a semester break of five to eight weeks around March. The Whitsun (Pentecost) holidays around late May or early June are also considered a Spring break.[2]

text: Greece[edit]

text: In Greece, Spring break takes place during the Holy Week and the one after it.[citation needed]

text: Lithuania[edit]

text: In Lithuania, Spring break (called Easter holidays or Spring holidays) takes place one week before Easter and one day after it (as it is the second day of Easter), all school students have this vacation. Primary school students have another week of holidays after Easter.

text: Portugal[edit]

text: In Portugal, Spring break is mostly known as "Easter Holidays" and it gives two weeks to all students around the country.

text: Russia[edit]

text: Before 1917 there was an Easter Break in schools. In the Soviet Union, Spring break was always from 24 to 31 of March. Now, many schools in Russia still have the Spring break, but the exact date is decided by the school itself.

text: Sweden[edit]

text: In Sweden, primary school students typically have winter sports holiday for one week in February as well as Easter holidays for one week in April, during Easter.

text: Spain[edit]

text: In Spain, there is not a Spring break proper. Instead, the Holy Week is celebrated and students usually have holidays during these days.

text: United Kingdom[edit]

text: The Easter break in the United Kingdom is from one to two and a half weeks (depending on the local council and school policy) and fits around Easter.

text: North America[edit]

text: Canada[edit]

text: Canada gives a week-long break to its elementary school and secondary school students in the month of March, with the time varying from province to province; New Brunswick and Quebec, for example, place their March breaks during the first week of March; Ontario, Nova Scotia, and British Columbia schedule theirs during the second or third week, and is usually a week long; the break in Alberta and Manitoba usually occurs in the last week of March. Post-secondary students in Ontario and Alberta usually get a week off in mid-February.[citation needed]

text: Jamaica[edit]

text: In Jamaica, the Spring break starts in the first week of March. The break may range from three days to one week.[citation needed]

text: Mexico[edit]

text: In Mexico, Spring break takes place during the Holy Week and the one after it.[citation needed]

text: United States[edit]

text: In the United States, Spring break at the college and university level can occur from March to April, depending on term dates and when Easter holiday falls. Usually, Spring break is about one week long, but many K–12 institutions in the United States schedule a two-week-long break known as "Easter Break," "Easter Holidays", or "Easter Vacation", as they generally take place in the weeks before or after Easter.[citation needed] However, in the states of Massachusetts and Maine, schools typically schedule Spring break for the week of the third Monday in April to coincide with Patriots' Day.

text: Central America[edit]

text: Guatemala, El Salvador and Honduras[edit]

text: In Guatemala and Honduras, it takes place during Easter; schools give students a whole week to rest while the staff workforce rests approximately three days.[citation needed]

text: South America[edit]

text: Colombia[edit]

text: In Colombia, Spring break takes place the first week of April, during the Holy Week until the second week.

text: Chile[edit]

text: In Chile, many schools and universities take vacations in the middle of September coinciding with the celebration of the Fiestas Patrias (Celebration of that country).Being located in the Southern Hemisphere, Spring begins approximately at the end of this holiday week so it acts similarly to the American Spring break.

text: Spring break festivals[edit]

text: This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (March 2014) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

text: Large annual Spring break festivities take place in various countries, often in the form of music festivals and joined by special nightclub parties, beach activities and accommodation offers. This is an incomplete list of places with Spring break festivals.

text: Pacific[edit]

text: The South Pacific enjoys Spring break during November. Some tour companies are now chartering out entire island resorts for the festivities.[3]

text: Fiji[edit]

text: Cook Islands[edit]

text: Rarotonga

text: Europe[edit]

text: European party destinations are increasingly becoming popular for international Spring break guests.[6] Tour agencies have cited the lower drinking ages in these places and that even then, they are rarely enforced. Some tour companies put on special chartered flights for Spring break at discounted rates.

text: Croatia[edit]

text: Novalja (Zrće Beach)[7][8]

text: Germany[edit]

text:
Pouch[9]
Rugia (Binz/Prora) and Usedom islands (Kaiser Spa)[10]

text: Greece[edit]

text: Hungary[edit]

text: Siófok (Lake Balaton)[12]

text: Italy[edit]

text: Spain[edit]

text:
Ibiza[14]
Lloret de Mar[15]
Magaluf (Mallorca)[16]
Salou[17]

text: North America[edit]

text: Caribbean[edit]

text:
Montego Bay, Jamaica[18]
Nassau, Bahamas[19]
Punta Cana, Dominican Republic[20]

text: Mexico[edit]

text:
Acapulco[21]
Cancún[22]

text: United States[edit]

text: Panama City Beach, Florida[edit]

text: Starting in the late 90's, Panama City Beach began advertising the destination hoping to attract crowds that had formerly gone to Fort Lauderdale and then Daytona before those communities enacted restrictions. From 2010-2016 an estimated 300,000 students traveled to the destination. The spawn of social media and digital marketing helped propel the beach town into a student mecca during March. Following well publicized shootings and a gang rape in 2015, several new ordinances were put into effect prohibiting drinking on the beach and establishing a bar closing time of 2 a.m. Central Time. Reports show a drop in Panama City Beach's Spring break turnout in March 2016[23] followed by increased family tourism in April 2016. Both are credited/blamed on the new ordinances by the Bay County Community Development Corporation (CDC).[24]

text: Fort Lauderdale, Florida[edit]

text: Fort Lauderdale's reputation as a Spring break destination for college students started when the Colgate University men's swim team arrived to practice there over Christmas break in 1934.[25] Attracting approximately 20,000 college students in the 1950s, Spring break was still known as 'Spring vacation' and was a relatively low key affair. This began to change when Glendon Swarthout’s novel, Where the Boys Are was published in 1958, effectively ushering in modern Spring break.[26] Swarthout’s 1958 novel was quickly made into a movie of the same title in 1960 Where the Boys Are, in which college girls met boys while on Spring break there. The number of visiting college students immediately jumped to over 50,000. By the early 1980s, Ft. Lauderdale was attracting between 250,000-350,000 college students per year during Spring break. Residents of the Fort Lauderdale area became so upset at the damage done by college students that the local government passed laws restricting parties in 1985. At the same time, the National Minimum Drinking Age Act was enacted in the United States, requiring that Florida raise the minimum drinking age to 21 and inspiring many underage college vacationers to travel to other locations in the United States for Spring break. By 1989, the number of college students traveling to Fort Lauderdale fell to 20,000, a far cry from the 350,000 who went four years prior.[27]

text: South Padre Island, Texas[edit]

text: In the early 1980s, South Padre Island became the first location outside of Florida to draw a large number of college students for Spring break. With only a few thousand residents, South Padre Island has consistently drawn between 80,000 and 120,000 Spring breakers for the last 30 years.[28]

text: Corporate marketing[edit]

text: It is common for major brands that cater to the youth market (e.g., Coca-Cola, Gillette, MTV, and branches of the United States Armed Forces) to market at Spring break destinations.[clarification needed]


document_title: Shades of Blue (TV series)

question_text: who plays the fbi agent in shades of blue

text: Shades of Blue (TV series)

text: Cast and characters[edit]

text: Main[edit]

text:
Jennifer Lopez[3] as Detective Harlee Santos, a corrupt officer with the Street Crimes detective squad in NYPD's 64th Precinct in Brooklyn and FBI informant for the anti-corruption task force. She is the single mother to 16-year-old Cristina; Cristina's father was abusive, and shortly after his release from prison in 2005, Harlee framed him for murder. She joined Lt. Wozniak's crew after he helped cover up her frame job.[4] After getting arrested by the FBI in an anti-corruption investigation, she becomes a reluctant informant against Wozniak in exchange for immunity.[5]
Ray Liotta[3] as Lieutenant Matt Wozniak, the corrupt commander of the 64th Precinct's Street Crimes detective squad, and the main target in an FBI anti-corruption investigation. He is a 25-year veteran of the force, and before that spent six years in the United States Marine Corps. He is very close to Harlee, whom he considers a daughter, and Harlee's own daughter, Cristina.
Drea de Matteo[3] as Detective Tess Nazario, reassigned to patrol as a sergeant in season 3.
Warren Kole as Special Agent Robert Stahl, an FBI agent assigned to the Anti-Corruption Task Force, and Harlee's handler. He develops an obsession with Harlee.
Dayo Okeniyi as Detective Michael Loman, a rookie detective assigned to the 64th.
Hampton Fluker[6] as Detective Marcus Tufo, reassigned to patrol as a sergeant in season 3.
Vincent Laresca as Detective Carlos Espada
Sarah Jeffery as Cristina Santos, Harlee's 16-year-old daughter[7] and a musical prodigy.
Gino Anthony Pesi[8] as Assistant District Attorney James Nava (seasons 2–3; recurring season 1), the 64th Precinct's new ADA who becomes romantically involved with Harlee.

text: Recurring[edit]

text:
Leslie Silva as Gail Baker, FBI Special Agent In Charge, and an old friend of Harlee, who assigns her as the mole under Stahl's supervision.
Santino Fontana as Detective David Saperstein (season 1), a member of Wozniak's crew. Wozniak kills him after suspecting that he is the mole in his crew.
Michael Esper as Lieutenant Donnie Pomp (season 1), a corrupt member of NYPD Internal Affairs who is in league with Wozniak.
Lolita Davidovich (season 1) and Margaret Colin (seasons 2–3) as Linda Wozniak, Matt's wife
Annie Chang as Special Agent Molly Chen (season 1), Stahl's partner. She later has herself reassigned after becoming very uncomfortable with Stahl's growing obsession with Harlee.
Mark Deklin as Joe Nazario (season 1), Tess' husband, eventually divorced from Tess.
Erica Ash as Erica (season 1), Loman's love interest
Kathryn Kates as David's mother (season 1)
Antonio Jaramillo as Miguel Zepeda (season 1), Harlee's violently abusive ex-boyfriend and Cristina's father. Wozniak and Harlee conspired to frame him for murder in order to keep Harlee and Cristina safe. He is later released and tries to reconnect with his daughter, but is repeatedly stalled by Harlee's attempts to keep Cristina away from him. Harlee eventually kills him in self-defense after he attempts to rape her at gunpoint. His disappearance becomes a focus point in season 2 as Stahl attempts to uncover the truth behind it.
Vanessa Vander Pluym as Gina Rodriguez (seasons 2–3), a prostitute that Stahl frequents due to her resemblance to Harlee. Vanessa is also Jennifer Lopez's stunt double for the same reason. Gina was killed by Stahl in an attempt to bring down Harlee.
Dov Davidoff as Detective Tom Verco (seasons 2–3), an Internal Affairs Investigator.
Cameron Scoggins as Nathan "Nate" Wozniak (seasons 2–3), Matt and Linda's son, and the brother of Anna Kate. He beat up the drug dealer who sold Anna Kate the drugs she overdosed on and left him for dead, and would have ended up in jail had Julia Ayres not covered it up.
Anna Gunn as Councilwoman Julia Ayres (season 2), a New York City mayoral candidate. She was a member of Wozniak's crew prior to her promotion to NYPD Captain. During season 2, she becomes the subject of an FBI investigation led by Stahl. She later commits suicide after a fallout between her and Wozniak threatens to put all of her misdeeds out in the open, just as she is elected Mayor of New York City.
Karsen Liotta as Anna Kate Wozniak (season 3), Matt and Linda's daughter. Karsen Liotta, the real-life daughter of Ray Liotta, plays his character's deceased daughter Anna Kate, who Matt sees visions of in season 3.[9]
Afton Williamson as FBI Special Agent Katie Myers (season 3), an FBI agent assigned to search for Stahl after he becomes a fugitive, but is later revealed to be allied with him, due to Stahl having saved her life when the two were in Quantico. Stahl later kills her after their attempted frame job against Harlee comes apart and she refuses to help him again after discovering he'd been keeping certain secrets from her.
Bruce McGill as Captain Jordan Ramsey (season 3), the corrupt head of the NYPD's Intelligence Unit.
Nick Wechsler as Detective Anthony Cole (season 3), a member of Intelligence Unit who turns against them after his unit orchestrates the death of his partner.

text: Episodes[edit]

text: SeasonEpisodesOriginally airedFirst airedLast aired113January 7, 2016 (2016-01-07)March 31, 2016 (2016-03-31)213March 5, 2017 (2017-03-05)May 21, 2017 (2017-05-21)310June 17, 2018 (2018-06-17)August 19, 2018 (2018-08-19)

text: Production[edit]

text: In February 2014, NBC gave a 13-episode straight-to-series order.[10] A teaser trailer was made available on June 3, 2015, containing statements by Lopez, Ray Liotta, and Drea de Matteo.[11] The series premiered on January 7, 2016.[12] On February 5, 2016, NBC renewed Shades of Blue for a 13-episode second season, which premiered on March 5, 2017.[13][14][15] On March 17, 2017, the series was renewed for a third season.[16][17] NBC later announced on April 4, 2018, that this would be the final season, and it would contain 10 episodes.[18][19] The third season premiered on June 17, 2018.

text: Casting[edit]

text: Lopez was given the main role in 2014.[20] On February 26, 2015, Liotta, de Matteo, Vincent Laresca and Warren Kole were cast as Lt. Matt Wozniak, Det. Shirley Nazario, Det. Tony Espada and Agent Robert Stahl, respectively. Dayo Okeniyi was given the role of Det. Michael Loman.[21] On March 30, 2015, Hampton Fluker was cast in a recurring role as Det. Marcus Tufo.[6] On April 8, Sarah Jeffery was cast as Santos' daughter, Christina.[7] On April 13, 2015, Gino Anthony Pesi was cast in a recurring role as Assistant District Attorney James Nava.[22] On June 15, 2016, Anna Gunn joined Shades of Blue's second season in a recurring role.[23][24]

text: Filming[edit]

text:
Filming for the first season began on June 5, 2015, in New York City.[25]
Filming for the second season began in July 2016 in New York City.[26] Filming for the third season began in April 2017 in New York City.[27]

text: Reception[edit]

text: Ratings[edit]

text:
Season

Time slot (ET/PT)

Episodes

Season premiere

Season finale

TV season

Rank

Viewers(in millions)

Date

Viewers(in millions)

Date

Viewers(in millions)

1

Thursday 10:00 pm

13

January 7, 2016

8.55[28]

March 31, 2016

5.43[29]

2015–16

#35

9.87[30]

2

Sunday 10:00 pm

13

March 5, 2017

5.25[31]

May 21, 2017

4.10[32]

2016–17

#58

6.74[33]

3

10

June 17, 2018

3.52[34]

August 19, 2018

3.21[35]

2017–18

text: Critical response[edit]

text: The show has received mixed reviews despite praise for Lopez's performance. On Metacritic, Shades of Blue has a Metascore of 58/100, based on 28 critics.[36] On Rotten Tomatoes, the show is rated 56% based on 35 reviews, with an average rating of 5.6/10. The site's consensus reads "Solid performances by Jennifer Lopez and Ray Liotta fail to lift Shades of Blue above the ranks of the pedestrian network procedural".[37]

text: Writing for USA Today, Robert Bianco gave the series two stars out of four, calling it "a thoroughly ordinary reworking of pretty much every crooked cop show and movie you've ever seen".[38] Slate reviewer Willa Paskin criticized the show as "moderately terrible", though praised Lopez's performance as "hugely appealing" and called her "the show's one reliable pleasure".[39] In a more positive review, Yahoo!'s Ken Tucker called Lopez's work "solid" and felt the series was "perhaps the best dramatic work she's done since her first-rate film, Out of Sight".[40] Molly Eichel from The A.V. Club gave the series a C+ rating, saying that "While the plot starts out cut and dry, it becomes more twisty and turny in a way that will eventually bring the audience back to the opening scene of a makeup-less, de-glammed Santos confessing her sins into a camera".[41] Matt Zoller Seitz of Vulture wrote that "Shades of Blue isn't a deep show, but it's a sensationally effective one. It knows what it is (a compacted, melodramatic, commercial TV-friendly gloss on one of those '70s and '80s Sidney Lumet police-corruption thrillers) and it rarely steps wrong."[42]

text: Awards and nominations[edit]

text:
Year

Award

Category

Recipient(s)

Result

Ref.

2016

Imagen Foundation Awards

Best Actress – Television

Jennifer Lopez

Nominated

[43]

Best Primetime Television Program – Drama

Shades of Blue

Nominated

Teen Choice Awards

Choice TV Actress: Drama

Jennifer Lopez

Nominated

[44]

Choice TV Drama

Shades of Blue

Nominated

2017

People's Choice Award

Best Crime Drama Actress

Jennifer Lopez

Won

text: Broadcast[edit]

text: In India, Shades of Blue premiered on Colors Infinity on January 8, 2016, and aired shortly after its U.S. counterpart.[45] In Canada, Shades aired on Global, at the same time as it aired on NBC. In the Netherlands, Shades was aired on Wednesdays on Fox. In Australia, it premiered on the Universal Channel on August 2, 2016.[46] In the United Kingdom, Shades of Blue premiered on Sky Living on 13th July 2016 at 9pm weekly, for all three seasons. [47] In Greece, the series premiered on September 3rd, 2018 on Makedonia TV. [48]


document_title: Bank holiday

question_text: when did the august bank holiday change in england

text: Bank holiday

text: History[edit]

text: Until 1834, the Bank of England observed about 33 saints' days and religious festivals as holidays, but in that year this was reduced to four: 1 May (May Day), 1 November (All Saints' Day), Good Friday and Christmas Day. In 1871, the first legislation relating to bank holidays was passed when Liberal politician and banker Sir John Lubbock introduced the Bank Holidays Act 1871, which specified the days in the table below.[3] Under the Act, no person was compelled to make any payment or to do any act upon a bank holiday which he would not be compelled to do or make on Christmas Day or Good Friday, and the making of a payment or the doing of an act on the following day was equivalent to doing it on the holiday.[4] People were so grateful that some called the first Bank Holidays St Lubbock's Days for a while.[5] Scotland was treated separately because of its separate traditions: for example, New Year is a more important holiday there.[citation needed]

text:
Bank holidays 1871

England, Wales and Ireland
Scotland

New Year's Day

Easter Monday
Good Friday

Whit Monday
First Monday in May

First Monday in August
First Monday in August

Boxing Day/St Stephen's Day
Christmas Day

text: The Act did not include Good Friday and Christmas Day as bank holidays in England, Wales, or Ireland because they were already recognised as common law holidays: they had been customary holidays since time immemorial.[3]

text: In 1903, the Bank Holiday (Ireland) Act added 17 March, Saint Patrick's Day, as a bank holiday for Ireland only.[6] New Year's Day did not become a bank holiday in England until 1 January 1974.

text: In the United Kingdom[edit]

text: Banking and Financial Dealings Act 1971[edit]

text: Commencing in 1965, experimentally, the August Bank Holiday weekend was observed at the end of August "to give a lead in extending British holidays over a longer summer period".[7] Each year's date was announced in Parliament on an ad-hoc basis, to the despair of the calendar and diary publishing trade.[8] The rule seems to have been to select the weekend of the last Saturday in August, so that in 1968[9] and 1969[10] Bank Holiday Monday actually fell in September.

text: A century after the 1871 Act, the Banking and Financial Dealings Act 1971, which currently regulates bank holidays in the UK, was passed.[11] The majority of the current bank holidays were specified in the 1971 Act: however New Year's Day and May Day were not introduced throughout the whole of the UK until 1974 and 1978 respectively.[12] The date of the August bank holiday was changed from the first Monday in August to the last Monday in August, and the Whitsun bank holiday (Whit Monday) was replaced by the Late Spring Bank Holiday, fixed as the last Monday in May.[13] In 1978 the first Monday in May in the rest of the UK, and the final Monday of May in Scotland, were designated as bank holidays.[14]

text: In January 2007, the St Andrew's Day Bank Holiday (Scotland) Act 2007 was given royal assent, making 30 November (or the nearest Monday if a weekend) a bank holiday in Scotland.[15]

text: Royal proclamation[edit]

text: Under the Banking and Financial Dealings Act 1971, bank holidays are proclaimed each year by the legal device of a royal proclamation. Royal proclamation is also used to move bank holidays that would otherwise fall on a weekend. In this way, public holidays are not 'lost' in years when they coincide with weekends. These deferred bank holiday days are termed a 'bank holiday in lieu' of the typical anniversary date. In the legislation they are known as 'substitute days'. The movement of the St Andrew's Day Scottish holiday to the nearest Monday when 30 November is a weekend day is statutory and does not require a proclamation.

text: In Scotland[edit]

text: A number of differences apply in Scotland relative to the rest of the United Kingdom. For example, Easter Monday is not a bank holiday. Also, although they share the same name, the Summer Bank Holiday falls on the first Monday of August in Scotland, as opposed to the last Monday in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland. Despite this, it is custom and practice to follow the rest of the UK and banks close on the last Monday and not the first.

text: Bank holidays do not, however, assume the same importance in Scotland as they do elsewhere. Whereas they have effectively become public holidays elsewhere in the United Kingdom, in Scotland there remains a tradition of public holidays based on local tradition and determined by local authorities (for example, the Glasgow Fair and the Dundee Fortnight). In 1996, Scottish banks made the business decision to harmonise their own holidays with the rest of the United Kingdom, with the result that 'bank holidays' in Scotland are neither public holidays nor the days on which banks are closed.

text: Campaigns for extra bank holidays[edit]

text: The number of holidays in the UK is relatively small compared to many other European countries. However, direct comparison is inaccurate since the 'substitute day' scheme of deferment does not apply in most European countries, where holidays that coincide with a weekend (29% of fixed-date holidays) are 'lost'. In fact, the average number of non-weekend holidays in such countries is only marginally higher (and in some cases lower) than the UK. Worth mentioning is that public holidays in Europe which fall on Thursday or Tuesday typically become "puente" or "bridge" four-day or even six-day extended holiday weekends as people tend to use one or two days from their holiday entitlement to take off Monday and/or Friday.

text: There have been calls for more bank holidays.[16] Among the most notable dates absent from the existing list are the feast days of patron saints; 23 April (St George's Day and widely regarded[17] as the birthday of William Shakespeare) in England and 1 March (St David's Day) in Wales are not currently recognised. 17 March (St Patrick's Day) is a public holiday in Northern Ireland and, since 2008, 30 November (St Andrew's Day) is a bank holiday in Scotland. St Piran's Day (patron saint of Cornwall) on 5 March is already given as an unofficial day off to many government and other workers in the county, and there are renewed calls for the government to recognise this as an official bank holiday there.[18][19]

text: Proposed move of May Day Bank Holiday (England and Wales)[edit]

text: After the election of the Coalition Government in May 2010, the Department of Culture, Media and Sport launched a pre-consultation in 2011 which included the suggestion of moving the May Day Bank Holiday to October, to be a "UK Day" or "Trafalgar Day" (21 October) or to St David's Day and St George's Day.[20]

text: It is suggested that a move from the May bank holiday to a St Piran's Day bank holiday in Cornwall, on 5 March, would benefit the Cornish economy by £20–35 million.[21]

text: 1968 Emergency Bank Holiday[edit]

text: During the sterling crisis of 1968, Prime Minister Harold Wilson convened a meeting of the privy council in the early hours of 14 March to declare 15 March a non-statutory bank holiday. This allowed the UK government to close the London gold market to stem the losses being suffered by the British pound.[22] It was this meeting that triggered the resignation of Foreign Secretary George Brown.

text: UK Bank Holiday sales[edit]

text: In the UK every bank holiday retailers display large sales to entice people to shop on their bank holiday days off. Sales can reach up to 70% off across certain stores. Customers will normally wait for these sales to purchase their home electronics and furniture.[citation needed] The sales are on every year but the bank holiday sales dates can change from year to year. In the UK Argos, Currys and Amazon are the largest retailers that not only have the biggest sales but also see the most revenue over these days.[citation needed]

text: Boxing Day[edit]

text: Boxing Day is a holiday celebrated in Britain, Australia, New Zealand, Canada and other Commonwealth countries. Boxing Day originated in England in the middle of the nineteenth century under Queen Victoria. For years in which the holiday falls on a weekend, the celebration is moved to make sure workers still get a day off (except in Canada, where it remains 26 Dec.) In the UK it is classed as a Bank Holiday.

text: List of current holidays in the United Kingdom, Ireland and the Isle of Man[edit]

text:
Current bank and public holidays

Date
Name
England and Wales[23] (8)
Scotland[23] (9)
Northern Ireland[24](10)
Republic of Ireland[25] (9)
Isle of Man[26] (10)

1 January[1]
New Year's Day
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y

2 January[1]
2 January

Y

17 March[1]
St Patrick's Day

Y
Y

The Friday before Easter Sunday
Good Friday
Y
Y
Y

Y

The Monday after Easter Sunday
Easter Monday
Y

Y
Y
Y

First Monday in May[2][3]
Early May Bank Holiday
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y

Last Monday in May[4][5]
Spring Bank Holiday / Late May Bank Holiday
Y
Y
Y

Y

First Monday in June
June Bank Holiday

Y

First Friday in June
TT Bank Holiday

Y

5 July
Tynwald Day

Y

12 July[1]
The Twelfth (Battle of the Boyne)

Y

First Monday in August
Summer Bank Holiday

Y

Y

Last Monday in August
Late Summer Bank Holiday / August Bank Holiday
Y

Y

Y

Last Monday in October
October Bank Holiday

Y

30 November[1]
St Andrew's Day

Y

25 December[1]
Christmas Day
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y

26 December[1]
Boxing Day / St Stephen's Day
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y

text:
In the past, additional one-off bank holidays have included: (i) Wednesday 14 November 1973, to celebrate the Wedding of Princess Anne and Captain Mark Phillips at Westminster Abbey; (ii) Tuesday 7 June 1977, to celebrate The Queen’s Silver Jubilee; (iii) Wednesday 29 July 1981, to celebrate the Wedding of Prince Charles and Lady Diana Spencer at St. Paul's Cathedral;
[27] (iv) Friday 31 December 1999, to enable people to prepare for the festivities to mark the arrival of the new millennium;[6] (v) Monday 3 June 2002 to celebrate The Queen's Golden Jubilee (Spring Bank Holiday was moved to Tuesday 4 June 2002);[28] (vi) Friday 29 April 2011, to celebrate the Wedding of Prince William and Kate Middleton; (vii) Tuesday 5 June 2012, to celebrate The Queen's Diamond Jubilee

text:
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g When the stated date falls on a Saturday or Sunday, the following Monday is normally designated a public holiday instead. When Christmas Day falls on a Saturday (and thus 26 December on a Sunday), Monday 27 December and Tuesday 28 December are the designated substitute public holidays.

Jump up ^ In 1995 this holiday was moved to 8 May – to commemorate the 50th anniversary of VE Day.

Jump up ^ In 2011 an additional public holiday was declared to ensure that most people would have a chance to celebrate the Wedding of Prince William and Catherine Middleton, making a four-day weekend as May day was on the following Monday."Royal Wedding: Prince William and Kate set date". BBC. 23 November 2010. Archived from the original on 24 November 2010. Retrieved 23 November 2010.

Jump up ^ In 2002 this holiday was moved to 4 June. This caused it to follow an extra bank holiday on 3 June, making a four-day weekend to celebrate the Golden Jubilee of Queen Elizabeth II.

Jump up ^ In 2012 this holiday was moved to 4 June. It was then followed by an extra holiday on 5 June, making a four-day weekend to celebrate the Diamond Jubilee of Queen Elizabeth II.

Jump up ^ House of Commons Hansard Written Answers for 3 June 1998, Hansard, 3 June 1998, retrieved 28 January 2012 .

text: In Australia[edit]

text: Public holidays are not generally known as "bank holidays" in Australia, although in the state of Victoria, where all statutory holidays, their substitutes, and Saturdays are legally defined as "bank holidays".[29]

text: In two other states there are two particular public holidays, for specific occupations only, which are officially known as "Bank Holiday":

text:
in New South Wales has a "Bank Holiday" on the first Monday in August – for bank employees only.
in Tasmania, Easter Tuesday is a holiday for bank and government employees only.

text: In Hong Kong[edit]

text: In Hong Kong, the term "bank holiday" is used colloquially to refer to public holidays.

text: In India[edit]

text: In India, 15 of the public holidays are bank holidays.

text: In Ireland[edit]

text: In Ireland, "bank holiday" is a colloquial term, sometimes used incorrectly for what are officially "public holidays". A bank holiday in Ireland are only days in which Bank employees are off, e.g. Good Friday is a Bank Holiday, but not a Public Holiday.


document_title: List of Attack on Titan chapters

question_text: when is the next volume of attack on titan coming out

text: List of Attack on Titan chapters

text: Manga[edit]

text: Attack on Titan[edit]

text: Chapters in the Kodansha USA publications are numbered as episodes.

text:
No.
Japanese release date
Japanese ISBN
English release date
English ISBN

1
March 17, 2010[1]
ISBN 978-4-06-384276-0
June 19, 2012[3]
ISBN 978-1-61262-024-4

"To You, 2,000 Years from Now" (二千年後の君へ, Ni Sen Nen Go no Kimi e)
"That Day" (その日, Sono Hi)
"Night of the Disbanding Ceremony" (解散式の夜, Kaisanshiki no Yoru)
"First Battle" (初陣, Uijin)

With the advent of giant humanoid beings known as "Titans" that hunt and eat humans on sight, mankind quickly dwindles in numbers and their territory is reduced to a small country protected by three massive walls; Wall Maria, Wall Rose and Wall Sheena that kept the Titans outside for a hundred years, until a 60-meter tall Titan (known henceforth as Colossus Titan) and a strong, armored one (known as Armored Titan) breach the fortified city of Shiganshina. The territory between Wall Maria and Wall Rose is overrun by the Titans, claiming tens of thousands of lives. After his mother is killed in the attack, Eren Yeager, one of the survivors of Shiganshina, joins the army along with his adopted sister Mikasa Ackerman and their childhood friend Armin Arlert. After completing their training, Eren, Mikasa and Armin are stationed at the city of Trost when the Colossus Titan appears before them once more and breaches its wall for an invasion by the other Titans.

2
July 16, 2010[6]
ISBN 978-4-06-384338-5
September 11, 2012[7]
ISBN 978-1-61262-025-1

"A Dull Glow in the Midst of Despair" (絶望の中で鈍く光る, Zetsubō no Naka de Nibuku Hikaru)
"The World that the Girl Saw" (少女が見た世界, Shōjo ga Mita Sekai)
"Small Blade" (小さな刃, Chiisa na Yaiba)
"Roar" (咆哮, Hōkō)
"The Beating of a Heart Can Be Heard" (心臓の鼓動が聞こえる, Shinzō no Kodō ga Kikoeru)

While protecting Armin from a Titan, Eren is swallowed, leading his friends to believe he is dead. Mikasa recalls her past when her parents were killed but she was saved by Eren. When the soldiers are about to lose hope, a mysterious rogue titan appears and starts attacking and killing the other Titans. After making use of this distraction to regroup and resupply, they watch the rogue Titan collapse from exhaustion and are surprised to see an unharmed Eren emerge from its body.

3
December 9, 2010[8]
ISBN 978-4-06-384410-8
December 4, 2012[9]
ISBN 978-1-61262-026-8

Side Story: "Captain Levi" (リヴァイ兵士長, Rivai Heishichō)

"Where's the Left Arm?" (左腕の行方, Hidariude no Yukue)
"Response" (応える, Kotaeru)
"Icon" (偶像, Gūzō)
"Wound" (傷, Kizu)

News of Eren's amazing transformation brings conflict to the army opposing those who want Eren dead and those who want to make use of his power to help them recapture the city. In the end, Eren is spared and entrusted with the task of sealing the hole in the wall with a massive rock only he can carry. However, during the operation, Eren suddenly goes berserk and his friends attempt to calm him down and help him regain control over the large Titan body he summoned.

4
April 8, 2011[10]
ISBN 978-4-06-384469-6
March 26, 2013[11]
ISBN 978-1-61262-253-8

"Primitive Desire" (原初的欲求, Genshoteki Yokkyū)
"One by One" (個々, Koko)
"Necessity" (必要, Hitsuyō)
"Delusions of Strength" (武力幻想, Buryoku Gensō)
"What Should I Do Now?" (今、何をすべきか, Ima, Nani o Subeki ka)

Recovering his conscience, Eren carries his task to the end and helps the human army attain their first victory against the Titans. The story then retrocedes two years to the time when Eren and his companions joined the military and began their training.

5
August 9, 2011[12]
ISBN 978-4-06-384513-6
June 4, 2013[13]
ISBN 978-1-61262-254-5

Side Story: "Ilse's Notebook" (イルゼの手帳, Iruze no Techō)

"Still Can't See" (まだ目を見れない, Mada Me o Mirenai)
"Special Operations Squad" (特別作戦班, Tokubetsu Sakusen Han)
"Opening the Gate" (開門, Kaimon)
"Long-Distance Enemy Scouting Formation" (長距離索敵陣形, Chōkyori Sakuteki Jinkei)

A Scouting Legion had an expedition outside the wall, a tragedy happened while retreating to Ilse's squad which led her into a big discovery that a titan talked to her. However, she was killed in the process. Back to the present, Eren is brought into a military court to decide his fate. Between the opposing views of those who brand him as a threat and want him dead, and those who want to make use of his power to reclaim Wall Maria, it is decided that Eren will be put under care of the Survey Corps Special Task Force, led by Levi, the man who is believed to be the army's strongest hero ever. Soon after, the Survey Corps led by Commander Erwin Smith organizes an expedition through the Titans territory, bringing Eren and the other newcomers with them.

6
December 9, 2011[14]
ISBN 978-4-06-384591-4
August 27, 2013[15]
ISBN 978-1-61262-255-2

"The Female Titan" (女型の巨人, Megata no Kyojin)
"The Titan Forest" (巨大樹の森, Kyodaiju no Mori)
"Bite" (噛みつく, Kamitsuku)
"The Easy Path" (好都合な道を, Kōtsugō na Michi o)

The expedition is attacked by a huge Titan with female-like features. Figuring that its target is Eren, Levi and his soldiers take him to a dense forest where the soldiers had previously laid a trap, using it to capture the Female Titan. Levi entices the Titan into the trap by performing a special technique entitled "Eisai Haramasukoi," which enables expedition members to temporarily stun enemies without the typical, lethal blow to the neck.

7
April 9, 2012
ISBN 978-4-06-384652-2 [16]
ISBN 978-4-06-362208-9[17] (limited edition)
September 24, 2013[18]
ISBN 978-1-61262-256-9

"Erwin Smith" (エルヴィン・スミス, Eruvin Sumisu)
"Choices and Consequences" (選択と結果, Sentaku to Kekka)
"Crushing Blow" (鉄槌, Tettsui)
"Losers" (敗者達, Haisha Tachi)

The Female Titan breaks free and attempts to kidnap Eren but is stopped by Mikasa and Levi. Having failed to discover the enemy's identity despite suffering heavy casualties, the Survey Corps return home and is ordered to hand over Eren to the Military Police.

8
August 9, 2012
ISBN 978-4-06-384712-3 [19]
ISBN 978-4-06-362227-0[20] (limited edition)
October 29, 2013[21]
ISBN 978-1-61262-547-8

"Grin" (微笑み, Hohoemi)
"Mercy" (慈悲, Jihi)
"Wall" (壁, Kabe)
"Soldiers Dance" (戦士は踊る, Senshi wa Odoru)

Stationed in a Military Police base in the Stohess District, Annie Leonhart, an old acquaintance of Eren and his friends, is asked by Armin to assist him with a plan to help Eren escape. However, it was all a plot to expose her as the Female Titan who attacked the expedition. After failing to capture Eren once again, Annie attempts to escape by climbing through Wall Sheena just to be stopped by her former companions and encases herself into an indestructible, crystal-like structure to protect herself. After the battle, it is revealed that there are live Titans entombed inside the walls but Eren's friends are forbidden to inquire further about it. As Mikasa and Armin tend to an exhausted Eren, the rest of their friends discover that Titans have breached Wall Rose.

9
December 7, 2012
ISBN 978-4-06-384776-5 [22]
ISBN 978-4-06-362239-3[23] (limited edition)
November 26, 2013[24]
ISBN 978-1-61262-548-5

"The Beast Titan" (獣の巨人, Kemono no Kyojin)
"I'm Home" (ただいま, Tadaima)
"Southwestward" (南西へ, Nansei e)
"Utgard Castle" (ウトガルド城, Utogarudo-jō)

The Survey Corps fight a group of Titans that have breached Wall Rose. A beast-like Titan, who is able to converse, confronts squad leader Mike before leaving him to be eaten by the other Titans. The Survey Corps scramble into groups to inform the other villages. Sasha visits her home town which has been lost to the Titans, recalls her past, and reunites with her father. On the way to Ehrmich District, Hange comes up with an idea to re-seal the Wall using Eren's Titan form. Minister Nick reveals that one of the Survey Corps members holds the key to the secret of the walls. Connie discovers his village was destroyed by Titans yet no blood was shed; he is surprised when one of the dead Titans speaks to him. The soldiers converge near the breach but do not see one. They take shelter at the nearby Castle Utgard, but their camp is surrounded by Titans when the full moon rises.

10
April 9, 2013
ISBN 978-4-06-384839-7 [25]
ISBN 978-4-06-362243-0[26] (limited edition)
December 31, 2013[27]
ISBN 978-1-61262-676-5

"Soldier" (兵士, Heishi)
"Ymir" (ユミル, Yumiru)
"Historia" (ヒストリア, Hisutoria)
"Warrior" (戦士, Senshi)

The Survey Corps team are trapped inside Castle Utgard fighting the Titans. Reiner and Bertholt fight off one that penetrated the tower, but Reiner gets bitten by one of the Titans. As the Beastly Titan summons more Titans, Ymir reveals to Krista that she too can transform into a Titan, and uses that to beat down the attackers. Eren, Mikasa and the others arrive to fight off the other Titans. Krista reveals her real name: Historia Reiss, an illegitimate child within the royal lineage. Reiner and Bertholt attempt to persuade Eren to join their cause, but when they reveal themselves to be the Armored and Colossus Titans, Eren flies into a rage and they all turn into Titans to fight each other.

11
August 9, 2013
ISBN 978-4-06-394901-8 [28]
ISBN 978-4-06-362256-0[29] (special edition)
January 28, 2014[30]
ISBN 978-1-61262-677-2

"The Armored Titan" (鎧の巨人, Yoroi no Kyojin)
"Strike, Throw, Submit" (打・投・極, Da Tō Kyoku)
"The Hunters" (追う者, Ou Mono)
"Opening" (開口, Kaikō)

Face to face with those responsible for the fall of Shinganshina, Eren transforms and fights Reiner the Armored Titan, while the Colossus Titan defends himself against the others. Using tactics he learned from sparring with Annie and some advice from Mikasa, he defeats the Armored Titan, but the Colossus Titan lands on him in an explosion. Ymir and Eren are captured. Five hours later, Mikasa and the others awake from the shock and rendezvous with Erwin and the others, who organize a party to chase after them.

12
December 9, 2013[31]
December 6, 2013[32] (limited edition)
ISBN 978-4-06-394976-6
ISBN 978-4-06-358465-3 (limited edition)
April 29, 2014[33]
ISBN 978-1-61262-678-9

"Children" (子供達, Kodomo Tachi)
"Someone" (誰か, Dareka)
"Charge" (突撃, Totsugeki)
"Scream" (叫び, Sakebi)

Reiner and Bertolt convince Ymir to join their side, claiming that they can ensure both her and Krista's safety, but Eren remains intent on revenge against the two guys. While Ymir and Eren heal in the forest of Titans, their rescue party approaches. Ymir transforms and captures Krista. Reiner transforms into the Armored Titan and carries Ymir, Bertolt and Eren while the rescue party pursues them. Amid the chaos of the battle, Eren finds himself against the same Titan who killed his mother. He discovers much to his surprise that he has the power to subdue other Titans to do his bidding, using it to enact revenge for his mother and drive away the kidnappers. Eren and his friends then return home safely, but Ymir parts with Krista and allies with Reiner and Bertoldt.

13
April 9, 2014[34]
April 3, 2014[35] (limited edition)
ISBN 978-4-06-395044-1
ISBN 978-4-06-358488-2 (limited edition)
August 26, 2014[36]
ISBN 978-1-61262-679-6

"Squad Levi" (リヴァイ班, Rivai Han)
"Krista Lenz" (クリスタ・レンズ, Kurisuta Renzu)
"Smoke Signal" (狼煙, Noroshi)
"Location of the Counterattack" (反撃の場所, Hangeki no Basho)

The Survey Corps take Eren and Krista, who now assumes her birth name, Historia Reiss, to a secluded place and make preparations for an eventual operation to reclaim Wall Maria. Furthermore, Hange tells the others what she knows and proposes the theory that all regular Titans were humans once, but after the transformation they became feral and unable to return to their original form, unlike Eren and the other Titan Shifters. When Levi and his subordinates uncover a conspiracy to hinder their efforts led by none other than the royalty itself, Erwin and his supporters decide to stage a revolution to ensure that their plans to drive away the Titans from the walls can be executed without further interference.

14
August 8, 2014
ISBN 978-4-06-395141-7 [37]
ISBN 978-4-06-358703-6[38] (limited edition)
November 4, 2014[39]
ISBN 978-1-61262-680-2

"Pain" (痛み, Itami)
"Actors" (役者, Yakusha)
"Kenny the Ripper" (切り裂きケニー, Kirisaki Kenī)
"Gunshots" (銃声, Jūsei)

After learning that the current king is just a figurehead to Historia's father, Rod Reiss, who is the true ruler inside the walls, Erwin and the others decide to use her to overthrow the current monarchy and install her as queen. To draw the attention of their enemies, Eren and Historia pose themselves as bait, but they are outsmarted and instead captured by Captain Kenny Ackerman, a former serial killer and old acquaintance of Levi. Levi and the others then attempt to rescue their friends but Kenny and his special forces, who are equipped with special gear tailored to hunt down humans instead of Titans, appear to stop them.

15
December 9, 2014
ISBN 978-4-06-395253-7 [40]
ISBN 978-4-06-358722-7[41] (limited edition)
March 17, 2015[42]
ISBN 978-1-61262-979-7

"Soul of a Heretic" (外道の魂, Gedō no Tamashii)
"Trust" (信頼, Shinrai)
"Reply" (回答, Kaitō)
"Sin" (罪, Tsumi)

Levi and the others escape from Kenny's troops, but Erwin is captured and sentenced to death. However, false rumors spread by his supporters about a breach on Wall Rose by the Titans expose the nobility's unwillingness to protect its own subjects, leading the army to revolt against them. Meanwhile, Eren's friends prepare to rescue him, who is restrained by Historia's father and the true monarch, Rod Reiss. Rod forces Eren to bring forth the repressed memories from his last encounter with his father, revealing that in the occasion, he was forcibly transformed into a Titan and ate him.

16
April 9, 2015
ISBN 978-4-06-395358-9 [43]
ISBN 978-4-06-358723-4[44] (limited edition)
August 25, 2015
ISBN 978-1-61262-980-3 [45]
ISBN 978-1-63236-186-8[46] (special edition)

"Chains" (鎖, Kusari)
"Welcome Party" (歓迎会, Kangeikai)
"Dreams and Curses" (夢と呪い, Yume to Noroi)
"Wish" (願い, Negai)

The Survey Corps confront the special forces to rescue Eren and Historia, while Rod attempts to convince his daughter to transform into a Titan herself and absorb Eren's powers by eating him. Despite Eren's will to sacrifice himself in apology for her family's death at his father's hands, Historia refuses and Rod decides to do it in her place. However, Rod's new Titan form grows rogue into a massive size, larger than the Colossal Titan itself, and in a desperate move to save his friends from being crushed, Eren obtains a new power when he drinks from a mysterious flask.

17
August 7, 2015
ISBN 978-4-06-395446-3 [47]
ISBN 978-4-06-362303-1[48] (limited edition)
December 15, 2015
ISBN 978-1-63236-112-7 [49]
ISBN 978-1-63236-282-7[50] (special edition)

"Outside the Walls of Orvud District" (オルブド区外壁, Orubudo-ku Gaiheki)
"Ruler of the Walls" (壁の王, Kabe no Ō)
"Friends" (友人, Yūjin)
"A Dream I Once Had" (いつか見た夢, Itsuka Mita Yume)

The Survey Corps confronts Rod at the walls of Orvud District, ultimately winning when Historia takes advantage of an opening provided by Eren to slay her own father and uses such fact to herald herself as a heroine in order to bolster her authority as the new ruler within the walls. Historia then is crowned queen, but she relinquishes all authority to the military and dedicates her life to providing aid to the orphans. Afterwards, Erwin and the others make preparations to launch a campaign to seal the breach on Shinganshina and reclaim Wall Maria when Eren remembers that Keith Shadis, the man who trained him and his friends when they joined the military was a friend of his father's and he decides to pay a visit to him in search for answers. Meanwhile in Shinganshina, the Beastly Titan is seen in his human form, and commands Reiner and Bertholdt to stay with him and prepare an ambush on Eren and the others, certain that they will eventually appear there.

18
December 9, 2015
ISBN 978-4-06-395549-1 [51]
ISBN 978-4-06-358783-8[52] (limited edition)
April 5, 2016
ISBN 978-1-63236-211-7 [53]
ISBN 978-1-63236-322-0[54] (special edition)

"Bystander" (傍観者, Bōkansha)
"Night of the Battle to Retake the Wall" (奪還作戦の夜, Dakkan Sakusen no Yoru)
"The Town Where Everything Began" (はじまりの街, Hajimari no Machi)
"Mission Objectives" (作戦成功条件, Sakusen Seikō Jōken)

Eren and his friends confront Shadis and hear what he knows about Eren's father and the night of his death. After that, the Survey Corps depart to Shinganshina, where Eren uses his new power to seal the hole made by the Colossal Titan five years prior as part of their plan to retake the city and Wall Maria from the Titans. However, the Beast Titan launch an attack on them in sequence, assisted by Reiner and a legion of Titans under their control, putting the Corps in disarray, while Bertolt lays low, waiting for his time to strike.

19
April 8, 2016
ISBN 978-4-06-395636-8 [55]
ISBN 978-4-06-362328-4[56] (limited edition)
August 2, 2016
ISBN 978-1-63236-259-9 [57]
ISBN 978-1-63236-323-7[58] (special edition)

"War on Two Fronts" (二つの戦局, Futatsu no Senkyoku)
"The Thunder Spears" (雷槍, Raisō)
"The World They Saw" (彼らが見た世界, Karera ga Mita Sekai)
"Descent" (光臨, Kōrin)

Eren and his friends confront Reiner and defeat him using a new weapon designed specifically to penetrate his armored Titan form, the "Thunder Spear". With his friend in trouble, Bertolt joins the battle, transforming into the Colossal Titan to assist him.

20
August 9, 2016
ISBN 978-4-06-395720-4 [59]
ISBN 978-4-06-362335-2[60] (limited edition)
December 27, 2016
ISBN 978-1-63236-309-1 [61]
ISBN 978-1-63236-454-8[62] (special edition)

"Perfect Game" (完全試合, Pāfekuto Gēmu)
"The Unknown Soldiers" (名も無き兵士, Na mo Naki Heishi)
"Promise" (約束, Yakusoku)
"Hero" (勇者, Yūsha)

To break the enemy encirclement, Erwin launches a suicide attack with most of his men in order to distract the Beast Titan and allow Levi to flank him and his forces. The Beast Titan's forces are defeated, but he manages to escape and Erwin is mortally wounded. Meanwhile, Eren and his friends manage to defeat and capture both Reiner and Bertoldt, but Armin's body ends up entirely burned by the Colossal Titan's steam while distracting him long enough for Eren to defeat him.

21
December 9, 2016
ISBN 978-4-06-395815-7 [2]
ISBN 978-4-06-362347-5[63] (limited edition)
April 18, 2017[64]
ISBN 978-1-63236-327-5

"Falling Axe" (大鉈, Ōnata)
"Midnight Sun" (白夜, Byakuya)
"Basement" (地下室, Chikashitsu)
"That Day" (あの日, Ano Hi)

Zeke, the Beast Titan, rescues Reiner and flees, while the survivors of the Survey Corps are forced to choose between saving Erwin or Armin, both almost dying, with a single dose of the Titan serum in their possession. In the end, they decide to use the serum on Armin, and leave Bertoldt to be eaten by him, in order to recover his human form and inherit his powers, while Erwin passes away. With Shinganshina secured, Eren and the others explore the basement of his old house and recover his father's diaries revealing that mankind beyond the walls has not disappeared as they were always led to believe by the royalty, but is thriving instead. Grisha also reveals that their race, the Subjects of Ymir, are oppressed outside the walls by the Marleyans, and that he once tried to stage a rebellion against them, until he and his companions were betrayed by his first son, who was actually Zeke.

22
April 7, 2017
ISBN 978-4-06-395909-3 [65]
ISBN 978-4-06-362355-0[66] (limited edition)
August 1, 2017[67]
ISBN 978-1-63236-425-8

"Boundary" (境界線, Kyōkaisen)
"The Attack Titan" (進撃の巨人, Shingeki no Kyojin)
"Meeting" (会議, Kaigi)
"To the Other Side of the Wall" (壁の向こう側へ, Kabe no Mukōgawa e)

After Zeke's betrayal, his parents and the rest of the revolutionaries were taken to Paradis Island, where the walls are situated, and Grisha was forced to watch Dina and the others being transformed into Titans and sent away, but was saved by Eren Kruger, an undercover agent known as "Owl", who used his Titan Shifting powers to kill all the Marley forces. After revealing that he received his powers thirteen years before, and will soon die because of them, Kruger passes them over to Grisha by having Grisha transform into a Titan and then eat him. Upon looking at Grisha's memories inside his mind, Eren discovers not only that he has less than a decade left to live, but that the Titan who killed his mother was actually Dina. Meanwhile, Historia receives a letter from Ymir, who reveals that she will soon be killed, and thanks Historia for having at least lived with her for a while. After disclosing all the info obtained from Grisha's documents to the public, the new government commands the effort to clear and reclaim Wall Maria from the Titans. However, Eren realizes that he only managed to use the power of the Coordinate when he was in contact with Dina, a member of the royal family turned titan, and, fearing for Historia's safety, decides to keep that information to himself.

23
August 9, 2017
ISBN 978-4-06510-100-1 [68]
ISBN 978-4-06510-007-3[69] (limited edition)
December 19, 2017[70]
ISBN 978-1-63236-463-0

"The Other Side of the Ocean" (海の向こう側, Umi no Mukōgawa)
"Marley's Soldiers" (マーレの戦士, Māre no Senshi)
"Midnight Train" (闇夜の列車, Yamiyo no Ressha)
"The Boy Inside The Wall" (壁の中の少年, Kabe no Naka no Shōnen)

Back on the mainland, four years after the battle at Shiganshina, the Marley army is fighting a war against the Mid-East Allied Forces, who are using Marley's loss of the Colossal & Female Titans as a chance to attack. With the help of Zeke, Reiner and other Warriors under their command, they manage to secure yet another victory. However, they realize this time that other nations have been improving their forces to counter the Titans and that to ensure their military superiority, they must obtain the power of the Founding Titan held by Eren. However, it has been noted that all the ships sent to Paradis island over the past four years have gone missing, preventing them from proceeding further. Meanwhile, a dispute has erupted among the young soldiers about who will inherit the Armored Titan power, with Gabi and Falco Grice at the forefront of the dispute. As this debate continues, Reiner reminisces about his youth, when he faced harsh training seeking to be selected to become a Warrior for the sake of his family, hoping that his service with Marley would make him a hero one day.

24
December 8, 2017
ISBN 978-4-06510-548-1 [71]
ISBN 978-4-06397-047-0[72] (limited edition)
April 10, 2018[73]
ISBN 978-1-63236-535-4

"Liar" (嘘つき, Usotsuki)
"The Door of Hope" (希望の扉, Kibō no Tobira)
"From One Hand to Another" (手から手へ, Te kara Te e)
"Good to See" (よかったな, Yokatta na)

Zeke explains to the Warriors that Marley intends to once more attack Paradis and reclaim the Founding Titan, this time in open warfare with the support of the Tyburs, a family of Eldians who possess the War Hammer Titan and allied with Marley against their fellow Eldians during the ancient war between Eldia and Marley, earning them status as honorary Marleyans. One of the Tyburs, Willy, now secretly controls the Marleyan government. Reiner recalls his past as a Warrior and the events that occurred during his mission in Paradis. He had been the worst-performing of the candidates and was considered unlikely to inherit a Titan, but to his surprise was selected as the Armored Titan. Upon arriving on Paradis, however, he discovered that one of his fellow candidates, Marcel Galliard, had sabotaged the selection so that his brother Porco would not be chosen, and thus Reiner was sent instead. The Warriors considered retreating after Marcel was eaten by a mindless Titan (which then became Ymir, who has since been eaten by Porco, granting him the power of the Jaw Titan), but Reiner forced them to continue out of fear, insisting that he would take on Marcel's role as leader. They destroyed Wall Maria and infiltrated the military, leading to the events of the series prior. Overcome by these memories, Reiner prepares to commit suicide but stops at the last moment. Willy Tybur organizes a festival to be held in the Eldian ghetto where he plans to rally the support of other world leaders in declaring war upon Paradis, all the while knowing he may be assassinated and intending to thereby become a martyr for this cause. Just before the event is about to begin, Reiner is led to a secluded basement by Falco, where he meets Eren, disguised as a crippled Eldian soldier.

25
April 9, 2018
ISBN 978-4-06511-201-4 [74]
ISBN 978-4-06397-048-7[75] (limited edition)
July 3, 2018[76]
ISBN 978-1-63236-613-9

"Guilty Shadow" (疾しき影, Yamashiki Kage)
"Declaration of War" (宣戦布告, Sensen Fukoku)
"War Hammer" (戦鎚の巨人, Sentsui no Kyojin)
"Too Little, Too Late" (後の祭り, Ato no Matsuri)

From the basement, Eren, Reiner and Falco listen to Willy's speech. He recounts the secret history of the Paradis Eldians, explaining how their king had made a vow of peace with Marley. However, he concludes by revealing that the royal family's Founding Titan has been stolen by Eren Yeager, whom he claims will likely use this power to unleash the Titans within Paradis's walls and destroy the world; on these grounds, he declares war upon Paradis. Eren then transforms into a Titan and eats Willy before wreaking havoc upon the festival, massacring Marley's military command and many innocent civilians. Willy's sister reveals herself as the War Hammer Titan and nearly defeats Eren, only to be fought off by the soldiers of Paradis, who descend upon the festival. Eren is unable to eat the War Hammer Titan, as she encases herself in the same crystal as Annie. The rest of Marley's Warriors arrive on the scene, and the forces of Paradis and Marley prepare for an all-out battle.

text: Chapters not yet in tankōbon format[edit]

text:
"Assault" (強襲, Kyōshū)
"Victors" (勝者, Shōsha)
"Assassin's Bullet" (凶弾, Kyōdan)
"Volunteers" (義勇兵, Giyūhei)

text: Junior High[edit]

text: Attack on Titan: Junior High (進撃!巨人中学校, Shingeki! Kyojin Chūgakkō) is a parody manga written and illustrated by Saki Nakagawa, serialized in Bessatsu Shōnen Magazine since its May 2012 issue.[77] The first tankōbon volume was released April 9, 2013,[78] and the eleventh and last was released on August 9, 2016.[79] In North America, the series has been licensed in English by Kodansha USA, who published the first volume on March 11, 2014.[80][a]

text:
No.
Japanese release date
Japanese ISBN
English release date
English ISBN

1
April 9, 2013[78]
ISBN 978-4-06-384841-0
March 11, 2014[80]
ISBN 978-1-61262-916-2

2
August 9, 2013[81]
ISBN 978-4-06-394903-2
March 11, 2014[80]
ISBN 978-1-61262-916-2

3
December 9, 2013[82]
ISBN 978-4-06-394979-7
November 25, 2014[83]
ISBN 978-1-61262-918-6

4
April 9, 2014[84]
ISBN 978-4-06-395046-5
November 25, 2014[83]
ISBN 978-1-61262-918-6

5
August 8, 2014[85]
ISBN 978-4-06-395143-1
April 28, 2015[86]
ISBN 978-1-61262-961-2

6
December 9, 2014[87]
ISBN 978-4-06-395254-4
April 28, 2015[86]
ISBN 978-1-61262-961-2

7
April 9, 2015[88]
ISBN 978-4-06-395359-6
November 24, 2015[89]
ISBN 978-1-63236-113-4

8
August 7, 2015[90]
ISBN 978-4-06-395445-6
November 24, 2015[89]
ISBN 978-1-63236-113-4

9
December 9, 2015[91]
ISBN 978-4-06-395550-7
July 17, 2018[92]
ISBN 978-1-63236-410-4

10
April 8, 2016[93]
ISBN 978-4-06-395637-5
July 17, 2018[92]
ISBN 978-1-63236-410-4

11
August 9, 2016[79]
ISBN 978-4-06-395721-1
July 17, 2018[92]
ISBN 978-1-63236-410-4

text: Before the Fall[edit]

text: Attack on Titan: Before the Fall (進撃の巨人 Before the fall) is a spinoff manga illustrated by Satoshi Shiki, based on the prequel light novel series of the same name written by Ryō Suzukaze. The series has been serialized in Monthly Shōnen Sirius since August 2013.[94] The first tankōbon volume was released December 9, 2013.[95] In North America, the series has been licensed in English by Kodansha USA, who published the first volume on March 11, 2014.[96]

text:
No.
Japanese release date
Japanese ISBN
English release date
English ISBN

1
December 9, 2013[95]
ISBN 978-4-06-376439-0
March 11, 2014[96]
ISBN 978-1-61262-910-0

2
April 9, 2014[97]
ISBN 978-4-06-376460-4
August 19, 2014[98]
ISBN 978-1-61262-912-4

3
August 8, 2014[99]
ISBN 978-4-06-376486-4
December 9, 2014[100]
ISBN 978-1-61262-914-8

4
December 9, 2014[101]
ISBN 978-4-06-376515-1
March 31, 2015[102]
ISBN 978-1-61262-981-0

5
April 9, 2015[103]
ISBN 978-4-06-376537-3
August 25, 2015[104]
ISBN 978-1-61262-982-7

6
August 7, 2015[105]
ISBN 978-4-06-376564-9
December 29, 2015[106]
ISBN 978-1-63236-224-7

7
December 9, 2015[107]
ISBN 978-4-06-376590-8
April 12, 2016[108]
ISBN 978-1-63236-225-4

8
April 8, 2016[109]
ISBN 978-4-06-390619-6
August 9, 2016[110]
ISBN 978-1-63236-260-5

9
August 9, 2016[111]
ISBN 978-4-06-390641-7
December 13, 2016[112]
ISBN 978-1-63236-320-6

10
December 9, 2016[113]
ISBN 978-4-06-390667-7
April 18, 2017[114]
ISBN 978-1-63236-381-7

11
April 7, 2017[115]
ISBN 978-4-06-390696-7
August 8, 2017[116]
ISBN 978-1-63236-382-4

12
August 9, 2017[117]
ISBN 978-4-06-390725-4
December 26, 2017[118]
ISBN 978-1-63236-383-1

13
December 8, 2017[119]
ISBN 978-4-06-510504-7
April 3, 2018[120]
ISBN 978-1-63236-536-1

text: No Regrets[edit]

text: Attack on Titan: No Regrets (進撃の巨人 悔いなき選択, Shingeki no Kyojin Kuinaki Sentaku) is a spinoff manga written by Gun Snark and illustrated by Hikaru Suruga, serialized in the Aria magazine from its start in the November 28, 2013 issue to June 28, 2014. The manga is an adaptation of the visual novel of the same name. It focuses on the origin story of Levi, before he was a part of the Survey Corps Special Operations Squad. In North America, the series has been licensed in English by Kodansha USA, which released both volumes in 2014.

text:
No.
Japanese release date
Japanese ISBN
English release date
English ISBN

1
April 9, 2014
ISBN 978-4-06-376961-6 [121]
ISBN 978-4-06-362271-3[122] (special edition)
June 24, 2014[123]
ISBN 978-1-61262-941-4

2
August 8, 2014
ISBN 978-4-06-377046-9 [124]
ISBN 978-4-06-362277-5[125] (special edition)
October 28, 2014[126]
ISBN 978-1-61262-943-8

text: Spoof on Titan[edit]

text: Sungeki no Kyojin (寸劇の巨人, "Titan Short Skits") is a comedic yonkoma manga written and illustrated by hounori, released on Kodansha's "Manga Box" smartphone and tablet application from December 2013 to December 30, 2014, in both Japanese and English.[127] The first tankōbon was published on August 8, 2014, and the second on April 9, 2015.

text:
No.
Japanese release date
Japanese ISBN
English release date
English ISBN

01
August 8, 2014[128]
ISBN 978-4-06-395152-3
September 13, 2016[129]
ISBN 9781632364081

02
April 9, 2015[130]
ISBN 978-4-06-395360-2
December 13, 2016[131]
ISBN 9781632364098

text: Lost Girls[edit]

text: A manga adaptation by Ryōsuke Fuji of visual and light novel by the same name, that began serialization in Kodansha's shōnen manga magazine Bessatsu Shōnen Magazine on August 9, 2015.[132] The series ended in the June 2016 issue of the magazine on May 9, 2016.[133] In North America, the series has been licensed in English by Kodansha USA, which released both volumes in 2016.

text:
No.
Japanese release date
Japanese ISBN
English release date
English ISBN

1
April 8, 2016[134]
ISBN 978-4-06-395638-2
August 30, 2016[135]
ISBN 9781632363855

2
August 9, 2016[136]
ISBN 978-4-06-395722-8
November 15, 2016[137]
ISBN 9781632364180

text: Novels[edit]

text: Before the Fall[edit]

text: Attack on Titan: Before the Fall (進撃の巨人 Before the fall) is a light novel written by Ryō Suzukaze and illustrated by Thores Shibamoto.[138] It initially follows the story of Angel, the blacksmith who develops the first prototypes of the Vertical Maneuvering Equipment, before focusing on a young man who was found as a baby in the stomach of a Titan. Three volumes of Before the Fall were published between December 2, 2011, and June 29, 2012.[138][139] Vertical licensed the light novels in October 2013 for distribution in English.[140][141]

text:
No.
Japanese release date
Japanese ISBN
English release date
English ISBN

1
December 2, 2011[138]
ISBN 978-4-06-375202-1
September 16, 2014[142]
ISBN 978-1-939130-86-0

2
March 30, 2012[143]
ISBN 978-4-06-375228-1
May 26, 2015[144]
ISBN 978-1-939130-87-7

3
June 29, 2012[139]
ISBN 978-4-06-375243-4
May 26, 2015[144]
ISBN 978-1-939130-87-7

text: Harsh Mistress of the City[edit]

text: Attack on Titan: Harsh Mistress of the City (進撃の巨人　隔絶都市の女王, Shingeki no Kyojin Kakuzetsu Toshi no Joō) is written by Ryō Kawakami and illustrated by Range Murata.[145] It depicts the aftermath of the fall of Wall Maria first shown at the beginning of the manga. The first volume was published on August 1, 2014[145] and the second and last on May 1, 2015.[146] Vertical released both volumes in English in 2015.

text:
No.
Japanese release date
Japanese ISBN
English release date
English ISBN

1
August 1, 2014[145]
ISBN 978-4-06-375296-0
August 25, 2015[147]
ISBN 978-1-941220-62-7

2
May 1, 2015[146]
ISBN 978-4-06-375299-1
September 29, 2015[148]
ISBN 978-1-942993-29-2

text: Lost Girls[edit]

text: Attack on Titan: Lost Girls (進撃の巨人 Lost Girls)[149] is written by Hiroshi Seko.[150] It comprises three short stories featuring Mikasa Ackerman and Annie Leonhart, titled "Lost in the cruel world", "Wall Sina, Goodbye",[b] and "Lost Girls".[151] It was published in Japan on December 9, 2014,[150] and in North America on June 28, 2016 by Vertical.[151]

text:
No.
Japanese release date
Japanese ISBN
English release date
English ISBN

1
December 9, 2014[152]
ISBN 978-4-06-377096-4
June 28, 2016[153]
ISBN 9781942993353

text: Notes[edit]

text:
Jump up ^ Kodansha USA released Junior High volumes in a 2-in-1 and 3-in-1 omnibus format.
Jump up ^ The Japanese version of Attack on Titan: Lost Girls uses an English title "Wall Sina, Goodbye". This is subject to change after the official English release[149]


document_title: Catherine wheel (firework)

question_text: how did the catherine wheel get its name

text: Catherine wheel (firework)

text: The Catherine wheel or pinwheel is a type of firework consisting of a powder-filled spiral tube, or an angled rocket mounted with a pin through its center. When ignited, it rotates quickly, producing a display of sparks and coloured flame.

text: The firework is named after Saint Catherine of Alexandria who, according to Christian tradition, was condemned to death by “breaking on the wheel”. When she touched the wheel it miraculously flew to pieces.

text: The largest Catherine wheel ever made was designed by the Lily Fireworks Factory of Mqabba, Malta. The Catherine wheel had a diameter of 32.044 m (105 ft 1.6 in), and was lit on 18 June 2011, the eve of the annual feast of Our Lady of the Lilies.[1][2]

text: In Malta, Catherine wheels are a traditional fixture during every village 'festa'. Some villages even hold competitions on the eve of the parish feast, while others display the vast work of one firework factory. Entrants display a variety of moving shapes and include various colours year after year as the technology progresses. These displays are only a small part of the firework catalogue planned throughout the week preceding the feast and on the feast day itself. The Catherine wheel displays typically end with the burning of what is called 'the carpet': the largest Catherine wheel in the display on the night.

text: In the Philippines, Catherine wheel is also known as trompillo and according to Republic Act 7183, it is a legal firework.[3][4]