document_title: List of songs recorded by the Beatles

question_text: who wrote most of the songs in the beatles

text: List of songs recorded by the Beatles

text: List[edit]

text:
Contents

0–9 · A · B · C · D · E · F · G · H · I · J · K · L · M · N · O · P · R · S · T · W · Y · Notes · References

text:
Key

Indicates song not written by the Beatles

Indicates single release

text:
Name of song, album debut, songwriter(s), lead vocal(s), year recorded, and notes.

Song

Album debut

Songwriter(s)[a]

Lead vocal(s)

Year

Notes

Ref(s)

 "12-Bar Original"

Anthology 2

John LennonPaul McCartneyGeorge HarrisonRingo Starr

Instrumental

1965

 "Across the Universe"

Let It Be

Lennon

Lennon

1968

[4]

"Act Naturally"

UK: Help!US: Yesterday and Today

Johnny RussellVoni Morrison

Starr

1965

Cover

[5][6]

"Ain't She Sweet"

Anthology 1

Jack YellenMilton Ager

Lennon

1961

Cover

"All I've Got to Do"

UK: With the BeatlesUS: Meet the Beatles!

Lennon

Lennon

1963

[7][8]

"All My Loving"

UK: With the BeatlesUS: Meet the Beatles!

McCartney

McCartney

1963

[7][8]

"All Things Must Pass"

Anthology 3

Harrison

Harrison

1969

"All Together Now"

Yellow Submarine

McCartney(with Lennon)

McCartney

1967

[9]

"All You Need Is Love"

Magical Mystery Tour

Lennon

Lennon

1967

[10]

"And I Love Her"

UK: A Hard Day's NightUS: Something New

McCartney(with Lennon)

McCartney

1964

[11][12]

"And Your Bird Can Sing"

UK: RevolverUS: Yesterday and Today

Lennon(with McCartney)

Lennon

1966

[13][14]

"Anna (Go to Him)"

UK: Please Please MeUS: The Early Beatles

Arthur Alexander

Lennon

1963

Cover

[15]

"Another Girl"

Help!

McCartney

McCartney

1965

[16]

"Any Time at All"

UK: A Hard Day's NightUS: Something New

Lennon(with McCartney)

Lennon

1964

[17][18]

"Ask Me Why"

UK: Please Please MeUS: The Early Beatles

Lennon(with McCartney)

Lennon

1962

[15]

 "Baby It's You"

UK: Please Please MeUS: The Early Beatles

Burt BacharachHal DavidLuther Dixon

Lennon

1963

Cover

[19]

"Baby, You're a Rich Man"

Magical Mystery Tour

LennonMcCartney

Lennon

1967

Non-album singleB-side of "All You Need is Love"

[10]

"Baby's in Black"

UK: Beatles for SaleUS: Beatles '65

LennonMcCartney

LennonMcCartney

1964

[20][21]

"Back in the U.S.S.R.

The Beatles

McCartney

McCartney

1968

[22]

"Bad Boy"

UK: A Collection of Beatles OldiesUS: Beatles VI

Larry Williams

Lennon

1965

Cover

[23][24]

"Bad to Me"

The Beatles Bootleg Recordings 1963

Lennon

Lennon

1963

Written for Billy J. Kramer

"The Ballad of John and Yoko"

UK: 1967–1970US: Hey Jude

Lennon

Lennon(with McCartney)

1969

"Beautiful Dreamer"

On Air – Live at the BBC Volume 2

Stephen Foster

McCartney

1963

Cover

"Because"

Abbey Road

Lennon[25]

LennonMcCartneyHarrison[26]

1969

[27]

"Because I Know You Love Me So"

Let It Be... Naked - Fly on the Wall bonus disc

LennonMcCartney

LennonMcCartney

1969

"Being for the Benefit of Mr. Kite!"

Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band

Lennon

Lennon

1967

[28]

"Bésame Mucho"

Anthology 1

Consuelo VelázquezSunny Skylar

McCartney

1962

Cover

"Birthday"

The Beatles

LennonMcCartney

McCartney(with Lennon)

1968

[29]

"Blackbird"

The Beatles

McCartney

McCartney

1968

[30]

"Blue Jay Way"

Magical Mystery Tour

Harrison

Harrison

1967

[31]

"Boys"

UK: Please Please MeUS: The Early Beatles

Luther DixonWes Farrell

Starr

1963

Cover

[15]

 "Can't Buy Me Love"

UK: A Hard Day's NightUS: Hey Jude

McCartney

McCartney(with Lennon)

1964

[11]

"Carol"

Live at the BBC

Chuck Berry

Lennon

1963

Cover

"Carry That Weight"

Abbey Road

McCartney[32]

McCartney(with Lennon, Harrison, and Starr)[33]

1969

[27]

"Catswalk"

N/A

McCartney

N/A

1962

"Cayenne"

Anthology 1

McCartney

Instrumental

1960

"Chains"

UK: Please Please MeUS: The Early Beatles

Gerry GoffinCarole King

Harrison(with LennonMcCartney)

1963

Cover

[15]

"Child of Nature"

Let It Be... Naked - Fly on the Wall bonus disc

Lennon

Lennon

1968

Turned into Lennon's "Jealous Guy"

"Christmas Time (Is Here Again)"

The Beatles' Christmas Album

LennonMcCartneyHarrisonStarr

LennonMcCartneyHarrisonStarr

1967

Non-album singleB-side of "Free As A Bird"

"Circles"

Harrison

Harrison

1968

On Harrison's Gone Troppo

"Clarabella"

Live at the BBC

Mike Pingitore

McCartney

1963

Cover

"Come and Get It"

Anthology 3

McCartney

McCartney

1969

Recorded by Badfinger

"Come Together"

Abbey Road

Lennon[33]

Lennon[33]

1969

Double A-side single with "Something"

[34]

"The Continuing Story of Bungalow Bill"

The Beatles

Lennon

Lennon

1968

[22]

"Cry Baby Cry”

The Beatles

Lennon

Lennon(with McCartney)

1968

[35]

"Cry for a Shadow"

Anthology 1

Lennon and Harrison

Instrumental

1961

"Crying, Waiting, Hoping"

Live at the BBC

Buddy Holly

Harrison

1963

Cover

 "A Day in the Life"

Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band

LennonMcCartney

LennonMcCartney

1967

[36]

"Day Tripper"

UK: A Collection of Beatles OldiesUS: Yesterday and Today

Lennon(with McCartney)

LennonMcCartney

1965

Double A-side with "We Can Work It Out”

[23][14]

"Dear Prudence"

The Beatles

Lennon

Lennon

1968

McCartney on drums

[22]

"Devil in Her Heart"

UK: With the BeatlesUS: The Beatles' Second Album

Drapkin (a.k.a. Ricky Dee)

Harrison

1963

Cover

[37][38]

"Dig a Pony"

Let It Be

Lennon

Lennon

1969

[4]

"Dig It"

Let It Be

LennonMcCartneyHarrisonStarr

Lennon

1969

[4]

"Dizzy, Miss Lizzy"

UK: Help!US: Beatles VI

Larry Williams

Lennon

1965

Cover

[5][39]

"Do You Want to Know a Secret?"

UK: Please Please MeUS: The Early Beatles

Lennon

Harrison

1963

[19]

"Doctor Robert"

UK: RevolverUS: Yesterday and Today

Lennon(with McCartney)

Lennon

1966

[13][6]

"Don't Bother Me"

UK: With the BeatlesUS: Meet the Beatles!

Harrison

Harrison

1963

[7][40]

"Don't Ever Change"

Live at the BBC

Gerry GoffinCarole King

Harrison and McCartney

1963

Cover

"Don't Let Me Down"

UK: 1967–1970US: Hey Jude

Lennon

Lennon            (with McCartney)

1969

Non-album singleB-side of "Get Back"

"Don't Pass Me By"

The Beatles

Starkey[b]

Starr

1968

[30]

"Drive My Car"

UK: Rubber SoulUS: Yesterday and Today

McCartney(with Lennon)

McCartney(with Lennon)

1965

[41][6]

 "Eight Days a Week"

UK: Beatles for SaleUS: Beatles VI

McCartney(with Lennon)

Lennon(with McCartney)

1964

US single only

[42][24]

"Eleanor Rigby"

Revolver

McCartney(with Lennon)

McCartney

1966

[43]

"The End"

Abbey Road

McCartney

McCartney[44]

1969

[34]

"Etcetera"

Unreleased

McCartney

McCartney

1968

"Every Little Thing"

UK: Beatles for SaleUS: Beatles VI

McCartney

Lennon(with McCartney)

1964

[42][39]

"Everybody's Got Something to Hide Except Me and My Monkey"

The Beatles

Lennon

Lennon

1968

[29]

"Everybody's Trying to Be My Baby"

UK: Beatles for SaleUS: Beatles '65

Carl Perkins

Harrison

1964

Cover

[42][45]

 "Fixing a Hole"

Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band

McCartney

McCartney

1967

[28]

"Fancy My Chances with You"

Let It Be... Naked - Fly on the Wall bonus disc

LennonMcCartney

LennonMcCartney

1969

"Flying"

Magical Mystery Tour

LennonMcCartneyHarrisonStarr

Instrumental

1967

[31]

"The Fool on the Hill"

Magical Mystery Tour

McCartney

McCartney

1967

[31]

"For No One"

Revolver

McCartney

McCartney

1966

Featuring Alan Civil on French horn

[13]

"For You Blue"

Let It Be

Harrison

Harrison

1969

[46]

"Free as a Bird"

Anthology 1

LennonMcCartneyHarrisonStarr

Lennon, McCartney and Harrison

1977

"From Me to You"

UK: A Collection of Beatles OldiesUS: 1962–1966

LennonMcCartney

LennonMcCartney

1963

Non-album single

[47]

"From Us to You"

Live at the BBC

LennonMcCartney

LennonMcCartney

1963

 "Get Back"

Let It Be

McCartney

McCartney

1969

[46]

"Getting Better"

Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band

McCartney(with Lennon)

McCartney(with Lennon)

1967

[28]

"Girl"

Rubber Soul

Lennon

Lennon

1965

[48]

"Glad All Over"

Live at the BBC

Roy C. BennettSid TepperAaron Schroeder

Harrison

1963

Cover

"Glass Onion"

The Beatles

Lennon

Lennon

1968

[22]

"Golden Slumbers"

Abbey Road

McCartney[32]

McCartney[33]

1969

[27]

"Good Day Sunshine"

Revolver

McCartney(with Lennon)

McCartney

1966

[13]

"Good Morning Good Morning"

Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band

Lennon

Lennon

1967

McCartney plays guitar solo

[36]

"Good Night"

The Beatles

Lennon

Starr

1968

[35]

"Goodbye"

McCartney

McCartney

1969

"Got to Get You into My Life"

Revolver

McCartney

McCartney

1966

[13]

 "Hallelujah, I Love Her So"

Anthology 1

Ray Charles

McCartney

1960

Cover

"Happiness Is a Warm Gun"

The Beatles

Lennon

Lennon

1968

[22]

"A Hard Day's Night"

UK: A Hard Day's NightUS: 1962–1966

Lennon(with McCartney)

Lennon(with McCartney)

1964

[11]

"Heather"

McCartney

McCartney

1968

Donovan plays on the demo

"Hello, Goodbye"

Magical Mystery Tour

McCartney

McCartney

1967

[10]

"Hello Little Girl"

Anthology 1

Lennon

Lennon

1962

Recorded by The Fourmostreleased August 1963

"Help!"

Help!

Lennon(with McCartney)

Lennon

1965

[16]

"Helter Skelter"

The Beatles

McCartney

McCartney

1968

Featuring Starr with shouted words in stereo version

[29]

"Her Majesty"

Abbey Road

McCartney

McCartney

1969

[27]

"Here Comes the Sun"

Abbey Road

Harrison

Harrison[49]

1969

[27]

"Here, There and Everywhere"

Revolver

McCartney

McCartney

1966

[43]

"Hey Bulldog"

Yellow Submarine

Lennon

Lennon(with McCartney)

1968

[9]

"Hey Jude"

UK: 1967–1970US: Hey Jude

McCartney

McCartney

1968

"Hippy Hippy Shake"

Live at the BBC

Chan Romero

McCartney

1963

Cover

"Hold Me Tight"

UK: With the BeatlesUS: Meet the Beatles!

McCartney(with Lennon)

McCartney

1963

[37][40]

"Honey Don't"

UK: Beatles for SaleUS: Beatles '65

Carl Perkins

Starr

1964

Cover

[42][45]

"Honey Pie"

The Beatles

McCartney

McCartney

1968

[35]

"The Honeymoon Song"

Live at the BBC

Mikis TheodorakisSansom

McCartney

1963

Cover

"How Do You Do It?"

Anthology 1

Mitch Murray

Lennon

1962

Cover

 "I Am the Walrus"

Magical Mystery Tour

Lennon

Lennon

1967

[31]

"I Call Your Name"

UK: "Long Tall Sally" EPUS: The Beatles' Second Album

Lennon

Lennon

1964

First release by Billy J Kramer with the Dakotas(July 1963)

[50][51]

"I Don't Want to Spoil the Party"

UK: Beatles for SaleUS: Beatles VI

Lennon

Lennon, with McCartney

1964

[42][24]

"I Feel Fine"

UK: A Collection of Beatles OldiesUS: Beatles '65

Lennon

Lennon

1964

Non-album single

[47][45]

"I Forgot to Remember to Forget"

Live at the BBC

Stan Kesler and Charlie Feathers

Harrison

1964

Cover

"I Got a Woman"

Live at the BBC

Ray Charles

Lennon

1963

Cover

"I Got to Find My Baby"

Live at the BBC

Chuck Berry

Lennon

1963

Cover

"I Just Don't Understand"

Live at the BBC

Marijohn WilkinKent Westberry

Lennon

1963

Cover

"I Lost My Little Girl"

McCartney

Lennon

1962

"I Me Mine"

Let It Be

Harrison

Harrison

1970

[4]

"I Need You"

Help!

Harrison

Harrison

1965

[16]

"I Saw Her Standing There"

UK: Please Please MeUS: Meet the Beatles!

McCartney(with Lennon)

McCartney(with Lennon)

1963

[15][8]

"I Should Have Known Better"

UK: A Hard Day's NightUS: Hey Jude

Lennon

Lennon

1964

[11]

"I Wanna Be Your Man"

UK: With the BeatlesUS: Meet the Beatles!

McCartney(with Lennon)

Starr

1963

Written for the Rolling Stones

[37][40]

"I Want to Hold Your Hand"

UK: A Collection of Beatles OldiesUS: Meet the Beatles!

LennonMcCartney

LennonMcCartney

1963

[23][8]

"I Want to Tell You"

Revolver

Harrison

Harrison

1966

[13]

"I Want You (She's So Heavy)"

Abbey Road

Lennon

Lennon[52]

1969

[34]

"I Will"

The Beatles

McCartney

McCartney

1968

[30]

"If I Fell"

UK: A Hard Day's NightUS: Something New

Lennon

Lennon(with McCartney)

1964

[11][12]

"If I Needed Someone"

UK: Rubber SoulUS: Yesterday and Today

Harrison

Harrison

1965

[48][14]

"If You've Got Trouble"

Anthology 2

LennonMcCartney

Starr

1965

"I'll Be Back"

UK: A Hard Day's NightUS: Beatles '65

Lennon

Lennon and McCartney)

1964

[17][45]

"I'll Be on My Way"

Live at the BBC

McCartney

Lennon

1963

Single by Billy J Kramer with the Dakotas(April 1963)

"I'll Cry Instead"

UK: A Hard Day's NightUS: Something New

Lennon

Lennon

1964

[17][18]

"I'll Follow the Sun"

UK: Beatles for SaleUS: Beatles '65

McCartney

McCartney(with Lennon)

1964

[20][21]

"I'll Get You"

UK: Past Masters Volume 1US: The Beatles' Second Album

LennonMcCartney

Lennon(with McCartney)

1963

Non-album singleB-side of "She Loves You”

[51]

"I'm a Loser"

UK: Beatles for SaleUS: Beatles '65

Lennon

Lennon

1964

[20][21]

"I'm Down"

Rock 'n' Roll Music

McCartney

McCartney

1965

Non-album singleB-side of "Help!”

"I'm Gonna Sit Right Down and Cry (Over You)"

Live at the BBC

Joe ThomasHoward Biggs

Lennon

1963

Cover

"I'm Happy Just to Dance with You"

UK: A Hard Day's NightUS: Something New

LennonMcCartney

Harrison

1964

[11][12]

"I'm In Love"

The Beatles Bootleg Recordings 1963

Lennon

Lennon

1963

Written for The Fourmost(single released November 1963)

"I'm Looking Through You"

Rubber Soul

McCartney

McCartney(with Lennon)

1965

[48]

"I'm Only Sleeping"

UK: RevolverUS: Yesterday and Today

Lennon

Lennon

1966

[43][6]

"I'm So Tired"

The Beatles

Lennon

Lennon

1968

[30]

"I'm Talking About You"

Live! at the Star-Club in Hamburg, Germany; 1962

Chuck Berry

Lennon

1962

Cover

"In My Life"

Rubber Soul

LennonMcCartney

Lennon

1965

[48]

"In Spite of All the Danger"

Anthology 1

McCartney and Harrison

Lennon

1958

"The Inner Light"

UK: RaritiesUS: Rarities

Harrison

Harrison

1968

Non-album singleB-side of “Lady Madonna”

"It Won't Be Long"

UK: With the BeatlesUS: Meet the Beatles!

Lennon(with McCartney)

Lennon

1963

[7][8]

"It's All Too Much"

Yellow Submarine

Harrison

Harrison

1967

[9]

"It's Only Love"

UK: Help!US: Rubber Soul

Lennon

Lennon

1965

[48][53]

"I've Got a Feeling"

Let It Be

McCartney(with Lennon)

McCartney(with Lennon)

1969

[46]

"I've Just Seen a Face"

UK: Help!US: Rubber Soul

McCartney

McCartney

1965

[5][54]

"Jazz Piano Song"

Let it Be film

McCartneyStarr

McCartney

1969

"Jessie's Dream"

Magical Mystery Tour

Lennon, McCartney, Harrison, Starr

Instrumental

1967

 "Johnny B. Goode"

Live at the BBC

Chuck Berry

Lennon

1964

Cover

"Julia"

The Beatles

Lennon

Lennon

1968

[30]

"Junk"

Anthology 3

McCartney

McCartney

1968

 "Kansas City/Hey-Hey-Hey-Hey!"

UK: Beatles for SaleUS: Beatles VI

Jerry Leiber and Mike Stoller/Little Richard

McCartney

1964

Cover

[20][24]

"Keep Your Hands Off My Baby"

Live at the BBC

Gerry GoffinCarole King

Lennon

1963

Cover

"Komm, gib mir deine Hand"

UK: RaritiesUS: Something New

LennonMcCartneyJean NicolasHeinz Hellmer

LennonMcCartney

1964

Non-album singleGerman version of "I Want to Hold Your Hand”

[12]

 "Lady Madonna"

UK: 1967-1970US: Hey Jude

McCartney(with Lennon)

McCartney

1968

Non-album single

"Leave My Kitten Alone"

Anthology 1

Little Willie JohnTitus TurnerJames McDougall

Lennon

1964

Cover

"Lend Me Your Comb"

Anthology 1

Kay TwomeyFred WiseBen Weisman

LennonMcCartney

1963

Cover

"Let It Be"

Let It Be

McCartney

McCartney

1969

[4]

"Like Dreamers Do"

Anthology 1

McCartney

McCartney

1962

Recorded by The Applejacks

"Little Child"

UK: With the BeatlesUS: Meet the Beatles!

LennonMcCartney

LennonMcCartney

1963

[7][40]

"Lonesome Tears in My Eyes"

Live at the BBC

Johnny BurnetteDorsey BurnettePaul BurlisonAl Mortimer

Lennon

1963

Cover

"The Long and Winding Road"

Let It Be

McCartney

McCartney

1969

[46]

"Long, Long, Long"

The Beatles

Harrison

Harrison

1968

[29]

"Long Tall Sally"

UK: Long Tall Sally EPUS: The Beatles' Second Album

Robert "Bumps" BlackwellEnotris JohnsonLittle Richard

McCartney

1964

Non-album singleCover

[50][51]

"Looking Glass”

McCartney

McCartney

1962

"Love Me Do"

UK: Please Please MeUS: The Early Beatles

McCartney(with Lennon)

McCartney(with Lennon)

1962

featuring Andy White on drums

[19]

"Love of the Loved"

McCartney(with Lennon)

McCartney

1962

Single by Cilla Black(September 1963)

"Love You To"

Revolver

Harrison

Harrison

1966

[43]

"Lovely Rita"

Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band

McCartney

McCartney

1967

[36]

"Lucille"

Live at the BBC

Little RichardAlbert Collins

McCartney

1963

Cover

"Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds"

Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band

Lennon

Lennon

1967

[28]

 "Madman"

N/A

Lennon

Lennon

1969

From Get Back/Let It Be sessions

"Maggie Mae"

Let It Be

Traditional, arr. Lennon, McCartneyHarrison, Starr

Lennon(with McCartney)

1969

Cover

[4]

"Magical Mystery Tour"

Magical Mystery Tour

McCartney(with Lennon)

McCartney(with Lennon)

1967

[31]

"Mailman, Bring Me No More Blues"

Anthology 3

Ruth RobertsBill KatzStanley Clayton

Lennon

1969

Cover

"Martha My Dear"

The Beatles

McCartney

McCartney

1968

[30]

"Matchbox"

UK: "Long Tall Sally" EPUS: Something New

Carl PerkinsBlind Lemon Jefferson

Starr

1964

Cover

[55][18]

"Maxwell's Silver Hammer"

Abbey Road

McCartney[56]

McCartney[57]

1969

[34]

"Mean Mr. Mustard"

Abbey Road

Lennon[58]

Lennon(with McCartney)

1969

[27]

"Memphis, Tennessee"

Live at the BBC

Chuck Berry

Lennon

1963

Cover

"Michelle"

Rubber Soul

McCartney(with Lennon)

McCartney

1965

[41]

"Misery"

UK: Please Please MeUS: Introducing… The Beatles

Lennon(with McCartney)

Lennon and McCartney

1963

[15]

"Money (That's What I Want)"

UK: With the BeatlesUS: The Beatles Second Album

Berry GordyJanie Bradford

Lennon

1963

Cover

[37][38]

"Moonlight Bay"

Anthology 1

Percy WenrichEdward Madden

LennonMcCartneyHarrisonEric MorecambeErnie Wise

1963

Performed on the Morecambe and Wise Show in 2/12/63

"Mother Nature's Son"

The Beatles

McCartney

McCartney

1968

[29]

"Mr. Moonlight"

UK: Beatles for SaleUS: Beatles '65

Roy Lee Johnson

Lennon

1964

Cover

[20][21]

 "The Night Before"

Help!

McCartney

McCartney

1965

[16]

"No Reply"

UK: Beatles for SaleUS: Beatles '65

Lennon(with McCartney)

Lennon(with McCartney)

1964

[20][21]

"Norwegian Wood (This Bird Has Flown)"

Rubber Soul

Lennon(with McCartney)

Lennon

1965

[41]

"Not a Second Time"

UK: With the BeatlesUS: Meet the Beatles!

Lennon

Lennon

1963

[37][40]

"Not Guilty"

Anthology 3

Harrison

Harrison

1968

"Nothin' Shakin' (But the Leaves on the Trees)"

Live at the BBC

Eddie Fontaine

Harrison

1963

Cover

"Nowhere Man"

UK: Rubber SoulUS: Yesterday and Today

Lennon(with McCartney)

Lennon(with McCartney and Harrison)

1965

[41][6]

 "Ob-La-Di, Ob-La-Da"

The Beatles

McCartney

McCartney

1968

[22]

"Octopus's Garden"

Abbey Road

Starkey[c]

Starr

1969

[34]

"Oh! Darling"

Abbey Road

McCartney[32]

McCartney[59]

1969

[34]

"Old Brown Shoe"

UK: 1967–1970US: Hey Jude

Harrison

Harrison

1969

Non-album singleB-side of "The Ballad of John and Yoko”

"One After 909"

Let It Be

Lennon

Lennon(with McCartney)

1969

[46]

"One and One Is Two"

McCartney

McCartney

1964

Single by The Strangers with Mike Shannon(May 1964)

"Only a Northern Song"

Yellow Submarine

Harrison

Harrison

1967

[9]

"Ooh! My Soul"

Live at the BBC

Little Richard

McCartney

1963

Cover

 "Paperback Writer"

UK: A Collection of Beatles OldiesUS: Hey Jude

McCartney

McCartney

1966

Non-album single

[23]

"Penny Lane"

Magical Mystery Tour

McCartney

McCartney

1966

Double A-side singlewith "Strawberry Fields Forever”

[10]

"Piggies"

The Beatles

Harrison

Harrison

1968

[30]

"Please Mr. Postman"

UK: With the BeatlesUS: The Beatles' Second Album

Georgia DobbinsWilliam GarrettBrian HollandRobert BatemanFreddie Gorman

Lennon

1963

Cover

[7][51]

"Please Please Me"

UK: Please Please MeUS: The Early Beatles

Lennon

Lennon and McCartney

1962

Single

[15]

"Polythene Pam"

Abbey Road

Lennon

Lennon

1969

[27]

"P.S. I Love You"

UK: Please Please MeUS: The Early Beatles

McCartney(with Lennon)

McCartney

1962

[19]

 "Rain"

UK: RaritiesUS: Hey Jude

Lennon

Lennon

1966

Non-album singleB-side to "Paperback Writer”

"Real Love"

Anthology 2

Lennon

Lennon

1980

"Revolution"

UK: 1967-1970US: Hey Jude

Lennon

Lennon

1968

Non-album singleB-side to "Hey Jude"

"Revolution 1"

The Beatles

Lennon

Lennon

1968

[35]

"Revolution 9"

The Beatles

Lennon(with Ono and Harrison)

Sound Collage

1968

[35]

"Rip It Up"/"Shake, Rattle, and Roll"/"Blue Suede Shoes"

Anthology 3

Robert Blackwell, John Marascalco ("Rip It Up”)Charles Calhoun(“Shake, Rattle, and Roll”) Carl Perkins ("Blue Suede Shoes")

LennonMcCartney

1969

Cover

"Rock and Roll Music"

UK: Beatles for SaleUS: Beatles '65

Chuck Berry

Lennon

1964

Cover

[20][21]

"Rocky Raccoon"

The Beatles

McCartney(with Lennon)

McCartney

1968

[30]

"Roll Over Beethoven"

UK: With the BeatlesUS: The Beatles' Second Album

Chuck Berry

Harrison

1963

Cover

[37][38]

"Run for Your Life"

Rubber Soul

Lennon(with McCartney)

Lennon

1965

[48]

 "Savoy Truffle"

The Beatles

Harrison

Harrison

1968

[35]

"Searchin'"

Anthology 1

Jerry Leiber and Mike Stoller

McCartney

1962

Cover

"September in the Rain"

Al DubinHarry Warren

McCartney

1962

Cover

"Sexy Sadie"

The Beatles

Lennon

Lennon

1968

[29]

"Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band"

Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band

McCartney

McCartney(with Lennon, Harrison and Starr)

1967

[28]

"Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band (Reprise)"

Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band

McCartney

McCartneyLennonHarrisonStarr

1967

[36]

"Shakin' in the Sixties"

Unreleased

Lennon

Lennon

1969

"She Came in Through the Bathroom Window"

Abbey Road

McCartney

McCartney

1969

[27]

"She Loves You"

UK: A Collection of Beatles OldiesUS: The Beatles Second Album

LennonMcCartney

LennonMcCartney

1963

Non-album single

[47][51]

"She Said She Said"

Revolver

Lennon

Lennon

1966

[43]

"She's a Woman"

UK: RaritiesUS: Beatles '65

McCartney
(with Lennon)

McCartney

1964

Non-album singleB-side to "I Feel Fine"

[45]

"She's Leaving Home"

Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band

McCartney(with Lennon)

McCartney(with Lennon)

1967

[28]

"The Sheik of Araby"

Anthology 1

Harry B. SmithFrancis WheelerTed Snyder

Harrison

1962

Cover

"A Shot of Rhythm and Blues"

Live at the BBC

Terry Thompson

Lennon

1963

Cover

"Shout"

Anthology 1

Rudolph IsleyRonald IsleyO'Kelly Isley Jr.

LennonMcCartneyHarrisonStarr

1964

Cover

"Sie liebt dich"

UK: RaritiesUS: Rarities

LennonMcCartneyJean NicolasLee Montogue

LennonMcCartney

1964

Non-album singleGerman version of "She Loves You"

"Slow Down"

UK: "Long Tall Sally" EPUS: Something New

Larry Williams

Lennon

1964

Non-album singleB-side of "Matchbox"Cover

[55][18]

"So How Come (No One Loves Me)"

Live at the BBC

Felice and Boudleaux Bryant

Harrison

1963

Cover

"Soldier of Love (Lay Down Your Arms)"

Live at the BBC

Buzz CasonTony Moon

Lennon

1963

Cover

"Some Other Guy"

Live at the BBC

Jerry Leiber and Mike StollerRichie Barrett

LennonMcCartney

1963

Cover

"Something"

Abbey Road

Harrison

Harrison[60]

1969

Double A-side singlewith "Come Together”

[34]

"Sour Milk Sea"

Unreleased

Harrison

Harrison

1968

”White Album” outtake

"Step Inside Love/Los Paranoias"

Anthology 3

McCartney ("Step Inside Love”)Lennon–McCartneyHarrison–Starr ("Los Paranoias”)

McCartney

1968

"Step Inside Love" was recorded by Cilla Black(1968)

"Strawberry Fields Forever"

Magical Mystery Tour

Lennon

Lennon

1966

Double A-side single(with "Penny Lane”)

[10]

"Sun King"

Abbey Road

Lennon

Lennon(with McCartney and Harrison)

1969

[27]

"Sure to Fall (in Love with You)"

Live at the BBC

Carl PerkinsQuinton ClaunchBill Cantrell

McCartney

1963

Cover

"Sweet Little Sixteen"

Live at the BBC

Chuck Berry

Lennon

1963

Cover

 "Take Good Care of My Baby"

Gerry GoffinCarole King

Harrison

1962

Cover

"Taking a Trip to Carolina"

Let It Be... Naked - Fly on the Wall bonus disc

Starr

Starr

1969

"A Taste of Honey"

UK: Please Please MeUS: The Early Beatles

Bobby ScottRic Marlow

McCartney

1963

Cover

[19]

"Taxman"

Revolver

Harrison

Harrison(with Lennon and McCartney)

1966

McCartney plays guitar solo

[43]

"Teddy Boy"

Anthology 3

McCartney

McCartney

1969

"Let It Be" outtake

"Tell Me What You See"

UK: Help!US: Beatles VI

McCartney(with Lennon)

McCartney(with Lennon)

1965

[5][39]

"Tell Me Why"

UK: A Hard Day's NightUS: Something New

Lennon

Lennon

1964

[11][12]

"Thank You Girl"

UK: RaritiesUS: The Beatles Second Album

LennonMcCartney

LennonMcCartney

1963

Non-album singleB-side of "From Me To You”

[38]

"That Means a Lot"

Anthology 2

McCartney

McCartney

1965

Recorded by P.J. Proby(1965)

"That'll Be the Day"

Anthology 1

Jerry AllisonBuddy HollyNorman Petty

Lennon

1958

Cover

"That’s All Right (Mama)"

Live at the BBC

Arthur Crudup

McCartney

1963

Cover

"There's a Place"

UK: Please Please MeUS: Rarities

LennonMcCartney

LennonMcCartney

1963

[19]

"Things We Said Today"

UK: A Hard Day's NightUS: Something New

McCartney

McCartney

1964

[17][18]

"Think for Yourself"

Rubber Soul

Harrison

Harrison

1965

[41]

"This Boy"

UK: RaritiesUS: Meet the Beatles!

Lennon

Lennon(with McCartney and Harrison)

1963

Non-album singleB-side of "I Want To Hold Your Hand”

[8]

"Three Cool Cats"

Anthology 1

Jerry Leiber and Mike Stoller

Harrison

1962

Cover

"Ticket to Ride"

Help!

Lennon

Lennon(with McCartney)

1965

[16]

"Till There Was You"

UK: With the BeatlesUS: Meet the Beatles!

Meredith Willson

McCartney

1963

Cover

[7][40]

"Tip of My Tongue"

Unreleased

LennonMcCartney

LennonMcCartney

Recorded by Tommy Quickly(Released in 1963)

"To Know Her is to Love Her"

Live at the BBC

Phil Spector

Lennon

1963

Cover

"Tomorrow Never Knows"

Revolver

Lennon

Lennon

1966

[13]

"Too Much Monkey Business"

Live at the BBC

Chuck Berry

Lennon

1963

Cover

"Twist and Shout"

UK: Please Please MeUS: The Early Beatles

Phil MedleyBert Berns

Lennon

1963

Cover

[19]

"Two of Us"

Let It Be

McCartney

McCartney(with Lennon)

1969

[4]

 "Wait"

Rubber Soul

McCartney(with Lennon)

McCartney and Lennon

1965

[48]

"Watching Rainbows"

Lennonand McCartney

Lennon

1969

"We Can Work It Out"

UK: A Collection of Beatles OldiesUS: Yesterday and Today

McCartney(with Lennon)

McCartney(with Lennon)

1965

Non-album singleDouble A-side with "Day Tripper"

[47][14]

"What Goes On"

UK: Rubber SoulUS: Yesterday and Today

LennonMcCartneyStarkey[d]

Starr

1965

[48][14]

"What You're Doing"

UK: Beatles for SaleUS: Beatles VI

McCartney

McCartney

1964

[42][39]

"What's The New Mary Jane"

Anthology 3

Lennon

Lennon

1968

"White Album" outtake

"When I Get Home"

UK: A Hard Day's NightUS: Something New

Lennon

Lennon

1964

[17][18]

"When I'm Sixty-Four"

Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band

McCartney

McCartney

1966

[36]

"While My Guitar Gently Weeps"

The Beatles

Harrison

Harrison

1968

Eric Clapton plays lead guitar(uncredited)

[22]

"Why Don't We Do It in the Road?"

The Beatles

McCartney

McCartney

1968

[30]

"Wild Honey Pie"

The Beatles

McCartney

McCartney

1968

[22]

"With a Little Help from My Friends"

Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band

LennonMcCartney

Starr(with Lennon and McCartney)

1967

[28]

"Within You Without You"

Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band

Harrison

Harrison

1967

[36]

"Woman"

Let It Be film

McCartney (as Bernard Webb)

McCartney

1965

Single by Peter and Gordon(January 1966)

"The Word"

Rubber Soul

LennonMcCartney

Lennon(with McCartney and Harrison)

1965

[41]

"Words of Love"

UK: Beatles for SaleUS: Beatles VI

Buddy Holly

LennonMcCartney

1964

Cover

[42][24]

 "Yellow Submarine"

Revolver

McCartney(with Lennon)

Starr

1966

[43]

"Yer Blues"

The Beatles

Lennon

Lennon

1968

[29]

"Yes It Is"

UK: RaritiesUS: Beatles VI

Lennon

Lennon, McCartney and Harrison

1965

Non-album singleB-side of "Ticket to Ride”

[39]

"Yesterday"

UK: Help!US: Yesterday and Today

McCartney

McCartney

1965

[5][6]

"You Can't Do That"

UK: A Hard Day's NightUS: The Beatles Second Album

Lennon

Lennon

1964

[17][38]

"You Know My Name (Look Up the Number)"

UK: RaritiesUS: Rarities

Lennon(with McCartney)

LennonMcCartney

1967

Non-album singleB-side of "Let It Be"

"You Know What to Do"

Anthology 1

Harrison

Harrison

1964

"You Like Me Too Much"

UK: Help!US: Beatles VI

Harrison

Harrison

1965

[5]

"You Never Give Me Your Money"

Abbey Road

McCartney[61]

McCartney[62]

1969

[27]

"You Won't See Me"

Rubber Soul

McCartney

McCartney

1965

[41]

"You'll Be Mine"

Anthology 1

LennonMcCartney

McCartney

1960

"Young Blood"

Live at the BBC

Jerry Leiber and Mike Stoller

Harrison

1963

Cover

"Your Mother Should Know"

Magical Mystery Tour

McCartney

McCartney

1967

[31]

"You're Going to Lose That Girl"

Help!

Lennon

Lennon

1965

[16]

"You've Got to Hide Your Love Away"

Help!

Lennon

Lennon

1965

[16]

"You've Really Got a Hold on Me"

UK: With the BeatlesUS: The Beatles Second Album

Smokey Robinson

Lennon and Harrison

1963

Cover

[37][38]

text: Notes[edit]

text:
Jump up ^ All songs written by John Lennon and/or Paul McCartney are credited to "Lennon–McCartney".[3]

Jump up ^ Starr is credited under his real name, Richard Starkey

Jump up ^ Starr is credited under his real name, Richard Starkey

Jump up ^ Starr is credited under his real name, Richard Starkey

tag: ol


document_title: Time After Time (1979 film)

question_text: who played jack the ripper in time after time

root

text: Time After Time (1979 film)

text: Plot[edit]

text: In 1893 London, popular writer Herbert George Wells displays a time machine to his skeptical dinner guests. After he explains how it works (including a "non-return key" that keeps the machine at the traveler's destination and a "vaporizing equalizer" that keeps the traveler and machine on equal terms), police constables arrive at the house searching for Jack the Ripper. A bag with blood-stained gloves belonging to one of Herbert's friends, a surgeon named John Leslie Stevenson, leads them to conclude that Stevenson might be the infamous killer. Wells races to his laboratory, but the time machine is gone.

tag: p

text: Stevenson has escaped to the future, but because he does not have the "non-return" key, the machine automatically returns to 1893. Herbert uses it to pursue Stevenson to November 5, 1979, where the machine has ended up on display at a museum in San Francisco. He is deeply shocked by the future, having expected it to be an enlightened socialist utopia, only to find chaos in the form of airplanes, automobiles and a worldwide history of war, crime and bloodshed.

text: Reasoning that Stevenson would need to exchange his British money, Herbert asks about him at various banks. At the Chartered Bank of London, he meets liberated employee Amy Robbins, who says she had directed Stevenson to the Hyatt Regency hotel.

text: Confronted by his one-time friend Herbert, Stevenson confesses that he finds modern society to be pleasingly violent, stating: "Ninety years ago, I was a freak. Now... I'm an amateur." Herbert demands he return to 1893 to face justice, but Stevenson instead attempts to wrest the time machine's return key from him. Their struggle is interrupted and Stevenson flees, getting hit by a car during the frantic chase. Herbert follows him to the San Francisco General Hospital emergency room and mistakenly gets the impression that Stevenson has died from his injuries.

text: Herbert meets up with Amy Robbins again and she initiates a romance. Stevenson returns to the bank to exchange more money. Suspecting that it was Amy who had led Herbert to him, he finds out where she lives. Herbert, hoping to convince her of the truth, takes a highly skeptical Amy three days into the future. Once there, she is aghast to see a newspaper headline revealing her own murder as the Ripper's fifth victim.

text: Herbert persuades her that they must go back – it is their duty to attempt to prevent the fourth victim's murder, then prevent Amy's. However, they are delayed upon their return to the present and can do no more than phone the police. Stevenson kills again, and Herbert is arrested because of his knowledge of the killing. Amy is left alone, totally defenseless, and at the mercy of the "San Francisco Ripper."

text: While Herbert unsuccessfully tries to convince the police of Amy's peril, she attempts to hide from Stevenson. When the police finally do investigate her apartment, they find the dismembered body of a woman. The police release a broken-hearted Wells. However, he is contacted by Stevenson, who has actually killed Amy's coworker and taken Amy hostage in order to extort the time machine key from Wells.

text: Stevenson flees with the key – and Amy as insurance – to attempt a permanent escape in the time machine. While Herbert bargains for Amy's life, she is able to escape. As Stevenson starts up the time machine, Herbert removes the "vaporizing equalizer" from it. As Herbert had explained earlier, this causes the machine to remain in place while its passenger is sent travelling endlessly through time, with no way to stop; in effect he is destroyed.

text: Herbert proclaims that the time has come to return to his own time, in order to destroy a machine that is he now knows is too dangerous for primitive mankind. Amy pleads with him to take her along. As they depart to the past, she says that she is changing her name to Susan B. Anthony.

text: Cast[edit]

text:
Malcolm McDowell as Herbert George Wells
David Warner as John Leslie Stevenson/Jack the Ripper
Mary Steenburgen as Amy Robbins
Charles Cioffi as Police Lt. Mitchell
Kent Williams as assistant
Patti D'Arbanville as Shirley
Joseph Maher as Adams

tag: ul

text: Production[edit]

text: According to Meyer from the commentary track for the DVD and Blu-ray release of the film, the author of the novel presented Meyer with 55 pages of his unpublished novel and asked Meyer to critique his work. Meyer liked the premise and immediately optioned the story so he could write a screenplay based on the material and develop the story his own way.[3]

text: McDowell was attracted to the material because he was looking for something different than the sex and violence in Caligula, in which he played the title character.[4]

text: While preparing to portray Wells, Malcolm McDowell obtained a copy of a 78 rpm recording of Wells speaking. McDowell was "absolutely horrified" to hear that Wells spoke in a high-pitched, squeaky voice with a pronounced Southeast London accent, which McDowell felt would have resulted in unintentional humor if he tried to mimic it for the film. McDowell abandoned any attempt to recreate Wells's authentic speaking style and preferred a more dignified speaking style.[5]

text: It was one of the last films scored by veteran composer Miklós Rózsa, who received the 1979 Saturn Award for Best Music.

text: Time After Time was filmed throughout San Francisco, including Cow Hollow, North Beach, the Hyatt Regency hotel, California Academy of Sciences in Golden Gate Park, the Marina District, Ghirardelli Square, Fisherman's Wharf, the Richmond District, the Golden Gate Bridge, Grace Cathedral on Nob Hill, the Embarcadero Center, Chinatown, the Marina Green, the Palace of Fine Arts, Potrero Hill, and the Civic Center.

text: Reception[edit]

text: Critical response[edit]

text: Time After Time received a positive response from critics. The film holds an 86% positive "Fresh" rating on the review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes with the consensus, "With the three principal actors clearly having fun with their roles, Time After Time becomes an amusing, light-hearted fantasy lark."[6]

text: Variety described the movie as "a delightful, entertaining trifle of a film that shows both the possibilities and limitations of taking liberties with literature and history. Nicholas Meyer has deftly juxtaposed Victorian England and contemporary America in a clever story, irresistible due to the competence of its cast."[7] Janet Maslin of The New York Times similarly lauded, "Time After Time is every bit as magical as the trick around which it revolves." She continued:

text: Mr. Meyer isn't a particularly skilled director; this is his first attempt, and on occasion it's very clumsy. But as a whizkid he's gone straight to the head of the class, with a movie that's as sweet as it is clever, and never so clever that it forgets to be entertaining. The satisfactions Time After Time offers are perhaps no more sophisticated than the fun one might have with an intricate set of electric trains. Still, fun of this sort isn't always easy to come by, not after one's age has climbed up into two digits. There's a lot to be said for an adult's movie with the shimmer of a child's new toy.[8]

text: Accolades[edit]

text: Nicholas Meyer won the Saturn Award for Best Writing, Mary Steenburgen won the Saturn Award for Best Actress, and Miklós Rózsa won the Saturn Award for Best Music. Saturn Award nominations went to Meyer for Best Director, Malcolm McDowell for Best Actor, David Warner for Supporting Actor, and Sal Anthony and Yvonne Kubis for Best Costumes, and the film was nominated for Best Science Fiction Film.

text: Nicholas Meyer won the Antenne II Award and the Grand Prize at the Avoriaz Fantastic Film Festival and he was nominated for the Edgar Allan Poe Award for Best Motion Picture Screenplay and the Hugo Award for Best Dramatic Presentation.

text: Television series[edit]

text: On May 12, 2016, it was announced that the ABC television network had picked up a Time After Time television series to air in the 2016–2017 television season. The series is executive produced and written by Kevin Williamson.[9][10] The series was cancelled after five episodes.[11][12]


document_title: Leinster Rugby

question_text: what years have leinster won the heineken cup

question_tokens: what years have leinster won the heineken cup

text: Leinster Rugby

text: History[edit]

text: Founding (1875–1899)[edit]

text: The Leinster Branch was inaugurated at a meeting on 31 October 1879. The meeting was held at Lawrence's premises 63 Grafton Street and was largely attended. Although this was the formal founding of Leinster as we know it today, with the amalgamation of the Irish Football Union and the Northern union, the Leinster provincial team had been active since 1875 – when the first interprovincial derby was played against Ulster. The Leinster and Ulster teams also made up the representative Irish team that competed against England in Ireland's first ever international in 1875. Upon the founding of the union, Munster were also added to the fray in 1879, when their first provincial team was selected and first Munster players represented Ireland.[3][4]

text: The clubs represented at the meeting were; Wanderers, Lansdowne, Arlington School, Dublin University, Dundalk, Phoenix F.C. and Stephen's Hospital.

text: F. Kennedy (Wanderers) was elected first Hon. Secretary of the Branch and C.B. Croker (Lansdowne) first Hon. Treasurer.

text: The function of the Branch was to organise the game of rugby football in the province. Every year five representatives would be selected to join the IRFU Committee. They would be known was the "Leinster Five" and would pick the Leinster representative teams.

text: The first Interprovincial matches between Leinster, Ulster and Munster were held in 1875. At this time the matches were played with 20 players a side. Leinster lost to Ulster by a converted try and beat Munster by one goal to nil. Since then there has been a match between these teams annually, with Connacht joining the fold in 1885.

text: Leinster Schools Interprovincial matches have been taking place since 1888. Leinster Schools beat the Ulster Schools in Belfast on Saturday 7 April by a dropped goal to a try. Their first match against Munster Schools took place on 18 March 1899, when Leinster won by two tries to one.

text: The Leinster Schools Senior Cup, which is one of the biggest annual events in Leinster Rugby commenced in 1887. The competition is still one of the most prestigious competitions to win in Leinster Rugby to date. The first official Leinster Senior Challenge Cup was created in 1881. Once this knock out competition was firmly established, there was a natural demand for a competitive league. Thus the Senior Challenge Cup was followed by the Senior League.

text: The other natural progression was the creation of leagues to follow all cups played at all levels of competition such as the Junior Cup and the Junior League, the Third A Cup (Moran Cup) by the Junior 3 League and so on.[5]

text: Amateur period (1900–1990s)[edit]

text: The early 1920s led to the creation of the Provincial Towns Cup and the Metropolitan Cup, which are still hard fought competitions in the Leinster Rugby calendar. Much has changed in rugby over the years, but the original idea of Leinster Club Rugby acting as a feeder for the Leinster Interprovincial side, though now professional, still stands true.

text: All Interprovincial matches were abandoned during the years of the Great War (1914–1918) and the War period (1939–1945), though unofficial matches were played.[5]

text: The first major touring side to play Leinster was a team drawn from the New Zealand Army – the Kiwis, in 1946. Although it was not an official touring side organised by the New Zealand Rugby Union, the quality of the match, which was drawn 10 points each, is still remembered to this day.[5]

text: The first official overseas touring side that came to play Leinster was an Australian touring side in 1957.[5] Since then, Leinster has played against every major touring side from Fiji to France.[5]

text: Before the days of professional rugby union, there was further emphasis on Irish club rugby as opposed to the provincial game. During these times the provincial sides were purely representative sides and games were far less frequent than now. Between 1946 and 2002 the sides would meet annually to contest the Irish Interprovincial Championship and on rare occasion would be tested against touring international sides. When rugby union was declared 'open' in 1995, these four teams became the four professional teams run by the Irish Rugby Football Union and therefore much of the history of the side has been made in the modern era.

text: Leinster Lions (1990s–2005)[edit]

text:
Leinster became a professional outfit in the mid-1990s.
The "Leinster Lions" name came into existence during the 2001–02 season as the result of a joint marketing initiative between Leinster Rugby and its kit sponsors, the Canterbury Clothing Company. Before the start of the 2004–05 season, the 'Lions' was dropped from the name. It is still used for marketing and branding, in particular the Cubs Club for Junior members of Leinster Rugby.[6] The Leinster mascot is "Leo the Lion". It was also during this time that the song “Molly Malone” became a match fixture to be sung by the fans. [7]

text: Leinster's first season in the newly formed Celtic League ended in success as the Lions were crowned the inaugural champions, beating rivals Munster Rugby in the 2001–02 final.[8] In 2002–03, they became only the third team in the history of the European Cup to win all their games in pool play. They also went one step further in the playoffs than the previous season by reaching the semi-finals (for the first time since 1995–96), but lost at home against French side Perpignan, which was accompanied by an unsuccessful season in the Celtic League. The 2003–04 season also ended in disappointment as Leinster slumped to their worst ever league performance and failed to qualify from their European Cup group.

text: Title misses (2004–2007)[edit]

text: Leinster improved during the 2004–05 season, finishing 3rd, just three points behind the eventual winners, the Ospreys.[9] Leinster also won all of their pool games in that year's European Cup, and were again among the favourites for the title, however they went out at the quarter final stage to Leicester Tigers.[10]

text: The next two seasons of the Celtic League were to end in near misses for Leinster, as they lost out on the 2005–06 and 2006–07 league titles on the final day of the season. These seasons also saw progress in the European Cup. In 2005–06, Leinster progressed to the semi-final but were eliminated by Irish rivals Munster at Lansdowne Road and they reached the quarter-final the following year where they were beaten by eventual winners London Wasps.

text: European and domestic dominance (2008–2014)[edit]

text: Increasing attendances at Leinster games led to a move across Dublin 4 from Donnybrook Stadium to the redeveloped RDS Arena.

text: In 2007–08, Leinster failed to qualify from their European Cup pool, but did end the season as Celtic League champions, sealing the title with a 41–8 victory over the Newport Gwent Dragons in front of their home fans at the RDS.[11]

text: In the 2008–09 season, Leinster topped their European Cup pool despite away losses to French side Castres and English side Wasps.[12] Victory over Harlequins in the quarter-finals followed, despite the Bloodgate Scandal. Leinster overcame Munster 25–6 in a semi-final in Dublin's Croke Park that broke the world record attendance for a "club" rugby union game with a crowd of over 82,200.[13] Leinster won the 2009 European Cup Final in Murrayfield Stadium in Edinburgh, beating Leicester Tigers 19–16 to claim their first European crown.[14]

text: In 2009–10 Leinster was eliminated from the European Cup at the semi-final stage by eventual winners Toulouse. Also despite having topped the Pro12 league during the regular season, Leinster lost the first ever Play-off Final 17–12 on their home ground to the Ospreys.[15]

text:
In the 2010–11 European Cup, Leinster defeated the top English teams (Leicester Tigers, Saracens & Northampton Saints), as well as top French sides, Toulouse (who were the defending European champions), Racing Metro & Clermont Auvergne, (the French Champions).[16] to go on to regain their title as champions of Europe in the 2011 European Cup Final at the Millennium Stadium in Cardiff. Trailing at half time, Leinster scored 27 unanswered points in the second half to beat Northampton 33–22 and claim their second European crown with the biggest comeback in European Cup final history.[17][18]
Leinster were also chasing a Pro12 & European Cup double, but lost 19–9 to Irish rivals Munster in the Pro12 Final.[19]

text:
In 2011–12 Leinster became only the second side ever to retain the title of European Champions. Leinster emerged unbeaten in group play to top their group[20] and went on to defeat the Cardiff Blues 34–3 in the quarterfinals,[21] followed by a 19–15 semifinal victory over ASM Clermont Auvergne.[22] and defeated Ulster in the first all-Irish final 42–14, recording the most points scored and the most tries scored in a European Cup final as well as becoming the first unbeaten side to win the European Cup.[23]
Once again, Leinster targeted the double, and faced a repeat of the 2010 Pro12 final against the Ospreys. Leinster's domestic title challenge fell at the final hurdle, conceding a final minute try to slump to a one-point defeat, and unable to complete the double despite topping the table in the regular season.[24]

text: The 2012–13 campaign proved to be another successful season for Leinster Rugby.  The club finished in second place during the regular season of the Pro12 and defeated Glasgow Warriors by a score of 17–15 in their semi-final play-off match on 11 May 2013.[25] On 17 May, Leinster were crowned champions of the European Challenge Cup after defeating Stade Français 34–13 in the final at their home ground, the RDS Arena.[26] Leinster successfully completed the double on 25 May, defeating Ulster 24–18 in the Pro12 final to claim their third league championship.[27][28]

text: Leinster continued their success in the 2013–14 season by becoming the first team ever to defend the Pro12 title, topping the league in the regular season and defeating Glasgow Warriors 34–12 in their fifth consecutive Pro12 play-off final and also secured their seventh major title in as many years.[29]

text: Blooding a new generation (2015 - 2017)[edit]

text: Following a remarkable run of seven major trophies in seven years, Leinsters title run came to an end following the 2013-14 season. The 2014–15 season saw a dip in form, with Leinster finishing in fifth place in the league and failing to make the play-offs. Fortunes in the newly formed Champions Cup were better, with the team reaching the semi-final where they were defeated in extra-time by eventual winners, Toulon. At the end of the season, Head Coach, Matt O'Connor, left the club by mutual consent with former club captain, Leo Cullen, being named as his replacement.

text: Previous season standings[edit]

text: Heineken Cup / Champions Cup[edit]

text:
hideSeason

Pool/Round

Pos

Played

Won

Drawn

Lost

Bonus

Points

1995–96

Pool C
1st
2
2
0
0
–
4

Semi-final

Leinster 14 – 23 Cardiff

1996–97

Pool B
3rd
4
2
0
2
–
4

1997–98

Pool A
3rd
6
2
0
4
–
4

1998–99

Pool A
4th
6
2
0
4
–
4

1999–00

Pool 1
2nd
6
4
0
2
–
8

2000–01

Pool 1
2nd
6
3
1
2
–
7

2001–02

Pool 6
1st
6
5
0
1
–
10

Quarter-final

Leicester Tigers 29 – 18 Leinster

2002–03

Pool 4
1st
6
6
0
0
–
12

Quarter-final

Leinster 18 – 13 Biarritz Olympique

Semi-final

Leinster 14 – 21 USA Perpignan

2003–04

Pool 3
2nd
6
4
0
2
2
18

2004–05

Pool 4
1st
6
6
0
0
2
26

Quarter-final

Leinster 13 – 29 Leicester Tigers

2005–06

Pool 5
2nd
6
4
0
2
6
22

Quarter-final

Toulouse 35 – 41 Leinster

Semi-final

Leinster 6 – 30 Munster

2006–07

Pool 2
1st
6
4
0
2
5
21

Quarter-final

Wasps 35 – 13 Leinster

2007–08

Pool 6
3rd
6
3
0
3
0
12

2008–09

Pool 2
1st
6
4
0
2
4
20

Quarter-final

Harlequins 5 – 6 Leinster

Semi-final

Munster 6 – 25 Leinster

Final

Leinster 19 – 16 Leicester Tigers

2009–10

Pool 6
1st
6
4
1
1
4
22

Quarter-final

Leinster 29 – 28 ASM Clermont Auvergne

Semi-final

Toulouse 26 – 16 Leinster

2010–11

Pool 2
1st
6
5
0
1
4
24

Quarter-final

Leinster 17 – 10 Leicester Tigers

Semi-final

Leinster 32 – 23 Toulouse

Final

Leinster 33 – 22 Northampton Saints

2011–12

Pool 3
1st
6
5
1
0
2
24

Quarter-final

Leinster 34 – 3 Cardiff

Semi-final

ASM Clermont Auvergne 15 – 19 Leinster

Final

Leinster 42 – 14 Ulster

2012–13

Pool 5
2nd
6
4
0
2
4
20

2013–14

Pool 1
1st
6
5
0
1
2
22

Quarter-final

RC Toulon 29 – 14 Leinster

2014–15

Pool 2
1st
6
4
1
1
2
20

Quarter-final

Leinster 18 – 15 Bath

Semi-final

RC Toulon 25 – 20 Leinster (A.E.T.)

2015–16

Pool 5
4th
6
1
0
5
2
6

2016–17

Pool 4
1st
6
4
1
1
5
23

Quarter-final

Leinster 32 – 17 Wasps

Semi-final

ASM Clermont Auvergne 27 – 22 Leinster

2017–18

Pool 3
1st
6
6
0
0
3
27

Quarter-final

Leinster 30 - 19 Saracens

Semi-final

Leinster 38 - 16 Scarlets

Final

Leinster 15 - 12 Racing 92

tag: table

text: Challenge Cup[edit]

text:
hideSeason

Round

Result

2012–13

Quarter-Final

Wasps 28 – 48 Leinster

Semi-final

Leinster 44 – 16 Biarritz Olympique

Final

Leinster 34 – 13 Stade Français

text: Celtic League / Pro14[edit]

text:
hideSeason

Pos

Played

Won

Drawn

Lost

Bonus

Points

2001–02

1st (Pool A)
7
7
0
0
0
21

Quarter-Final

Leinster 34 – 22 Newport

Semi-final

Leinster 35 – 13 Glasgow

Final

Leinster 24 – 20 Munster

2002–03

5th (Pool B)
7
3
0
4
6
18

2003–04

8th
22
9
1
12
9
47

2004–05

3rd
20
12
1
7
7
57

2005–06

2nd
20
14
0
6
10
74[n 1]

2006–07

3rd
20
12
1
7
11
61

2007–08

1st
18
13
1
4
7
61

2008–09

3rd
18
11
1
6
6
52

2009–10

1st
18
13
0
5
3
55

Semi-final

Leinster 16 – 6 Munster

Final

Leinster 12 – 17 Ospreys

2010–11

2nd
22
15
1
6
8
70

Semi-final

Leinster 18 – 3 Ulster

Final

Munster 19 – 9 Leinster

2011–12

1st
22
18
1
3
7
81

Semi-final

Leinster 19 – 15 Glasgow

Final

Leinster 30 – 31 Ospreys

2012–13

2nd
22
17
0
5
10
78

Semi-final

Leinster 17 – 15 Glasgow

Final

Ulster 18 – 24 Leinster

2013–14

1st
22
17
1
4
12
82

Semi-final

Leinster 13 – 9 Ulster

Final

Leinster 34 – 12 Glasgow

2014–15

5th
22
11
3
8
12
62

2015–16

1st
22
16
0
6
9
73

Semi-final

Leinster 30 – 18 Ulster

Final

Leinster 10 – 20 Connacht

2016–17

2nd
22
18
0
4
13
85

Semi-final

Leinster 15 – 27 Scarlets

2017-18

1st
21
14
1
6
12
70

Semi-final

Leinster 16 - 15 Munster

Final

Leinster 40 - 32 Scarlets

Jump up ^ 11 teams were involved in this season, so one team did not play each week and were awarded 4 points instead.Therefore, each team finished the season with 8 more points than the table would seem to warrant.

text: Current standings[edit]

text:
2017–18 Pro14 Tables

view · watch · edit · discuss

Conference A

Team

P

W

D

L

PF

PA

PD

TF

TA

TBP

LBP

PTS

1
 Glasgow Warriors (SF)

21
15
1
5
614
366
+248
81
38
12
2
76

2
 Munster (SF)

21
13
1
7
568
361
+207
78
42
10
5
69

3
 Cheetahs (QF)

21
12
0
9
609
554
+55
75
68
10
5
63

4
 Cardiff Blues

21
11
0
10
502
482
+20
56
59
5
5
54

5
 Ospreys

21
9
0
12
390
487
−97
44
60
5
3
44

6
 Connacht

21
7
0
14
445
477
−32
53
54
5
6
39

7
 Zebre

21
7
0
14
408
593
–185
50
78
4
4
36

Conference B

Team

P

W

D

L

PF

PA

PD

TF

TA

TBP

LBP

PTS

1
 Leinster (CH)

21
14
1
6
601
374
+227
83
46
10
2
70

2
 Scarlets (RU)

21
14
1
6
528
365
+163
69
43
9
3
70

3
 Edinburgh (QF)

21
15
0
6
494
375
+119
62
44
7
1
68

4
 Ulster (PO)

21
12
2
7
538
482
+56
68
61
8
2
62

5
 Benetton

21
11
0
10
415
451
−36
51
55
6
5
55

6
 Dragons

21
2
2
17
378
672
−294
43
94
4
4
20

7
 Southern Kings

21
1
0
20
378
829
−451
48
119
4
3
11

If teams are level at any stage, tiebreakers are applied in the following order -[30]
number of matches won
the difference between points for and points against
the number of tries scored
the most points scored
the difference between tries for and tries against
the fewest red cards received
the fewest yellow cards received

Green background indicates teams that competed in the Pro14 play-offs, and also earned a place in the 2018–19 European Champions Cup(excluding South African teams who are ineligible)
Blue background indicates teams outside the play-off places that earned a place in the 2018–19 European Champions Cup, including the winner of the play-off between the two fourth-ranked European teams in each conference
Yellow background indicates the loser of the play-off between the two fourth-ranked European teams in each conference, that earned a place in the 2018–19 European Rugby Challenge Cup.
Plain background indicates teams that earned a place in the 2018–19 European Rugby Challenge Cup.
(CH) Champions. (RU) Runners-up. (SF) Losing semi-finalists. (QF) Losing quarter-finalists. (PO) Champions Cup play-off winners.

text: European Rugby Champions Cup[edit]

text: Pool 4

text:
Teamvte

P

W

D

L

PF

PA

Diff

TF

TA

TB

LB

Pts

 Leinster (1)

6
6
0
0
176
93
+83
22
12
3
0
27

 Exeter Chiefs

6
3
0
3
138
117
+21
18
14
1
2
15

 Montpellier

6
2
0
4
130
163
–33
18
23
3
2
13

 Glasgow Warriors

6
1
0
5
128
199
–71
18
27
2
1
7

text: Honours[edit]

text:
European Rugby Champions Cup[note 1]
Winners: 4 (2009, 2011, 2012, 2018)
European Rugby Challenge Cup[note 2]
Winners: 1 (2013)
Pro14[note 3]
Winners: 5 (2002, 2008, 2013, 2014, 2018)
Runners-up: 5 (2006, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2016)
British & Irish Cup[note 4]
Winners: 2 (2013, 2014)
Runners-up: 1 (2018)
Irish Inter-Provincial Championship[note 5][31]
Winners: 22 (10 shared) (1948-49, 1949-50*, 1954-55*, 1956-57*, 1958-59, 1960–61, 1961-62, 1963-64, 1964-65*, 1971-72, 1972-73*, 1975-76*, 1977-78*, 1979-80, 1980-81, 1981–82, 1982-83*, 1983-84, 1993-94*, 1995-96, 1997-98*, 2001–02)
Limerick World Club 7's Series
Shield Winners: 1 (2015)

text: * Italics indicates defunct competition.

text: Results versus Touring Sides[edit]

text:
Date

Opponent

Location

Result

Score

Notes

17 November 1945

 New Zealand Kiwis[note 6]

Lansdowne Road, Dublin

Drew

10–10

Details of Tour

27 November 1957

 Australia

Lansdowne Road, Dublin

Lost

8–10

Match ProgrammeMatch Ticket

1 February 1961

 South Africa

Lansdowne Road, Dublin

Lost

5–12

Match Programme

22 January 1964

 New Zealand

Lansdowne Road, Dublin

Lost

3–11

Match Programme

7 December 1966

 Australia

Lansdowne Road, Dublin

Lost

3–9

Match Programme

15 November 1972

 New Zealand

Lansdowne Road, Dublin

Lost

9–17

Match Programme

15 September 1973

 Fiji

Lansdowne Road, Dublin

Won

30–9

Match Programme

13 November 1974

 New Zealand

Lansdowne Road, Dublin

Lost

3–8

Match ProgrammeMatch Highlights

21 October 1978

 Argentina

Lansdowne Road, Dublin

Lost

13–24

30 December 1979

 Italy

Donnybrook, Dublin

Won

26–10

Celebrating 100 year anniversary

8 October 1980

 Romania

Donnybrook, Dublin

Won

24–10

Match Programme

8 November 1989

 New Zealand

Lansdowne Road, Dublin

Lost

9–36

Match Programme

17 October 1992

 Australia

Lansdowne Road, Dublin

Lost

11–38

Match Programme

12 November 1994

 USA

Donnybrook, Dublin

Won

26-15

Match Programme

24 August 1999

 Argentina

Donnybrook, Dublin

Lost

22–51

Match Report

31 August 2008

 Queensland Reds

Donnybrook, Dublin

Won

48–19

Match Report

19 August 2011

 Melbourne Rebels

Donnybrook, Dublin

Won

14–13

Match Report

text: Colours and crest[edit]

text: The current crest was introduced in 2005 as Leinster Rugby held no copyright on the previous crest. The new, stylised crest, is made specific to Leinster Rugby as it incorporates the harp with a rugby ball.[32] The Leinster Rugby crest is on all official club merchandise including replica jerseys.

text: The province's current kit is blue with a white harp and 12 navy lines, which represent the 12 counties of Leinster, while the second kit is white with a blue harp and 12 blue lines.

text: The Leinster jersey also features three stars above the crest, to represent the three European Cup titles won prior to the fourth win in 2018.

text: Stadia[edit]

text: RDS Arena[edit]

text: Leinster's current home ground is the RDS Arena.[33] Games were first played at the RDS during the 2005–06 season, initially just for European Cup games. By the following season however, all games had been moved to the RDS. The RDS has undergone large scale redevelopment since Leinster moved in. The arena now has a mostly seated capacity of 18,500. As the RDS remains a showjumping venue, the North and South stands are removable. A roof has been constructed to cover the grandstand opposite the pre-existing Anglesea stand.[34] The RDS will be Leinster's home until 2027, as a 20-year lease was signed in 2007.[35]

text: In July 2014, it was announced by the RDS and Leinster rugby that a design competition was being held to develop the arena into a 25,000 capacity world class stadium, with work expected to commence on the redevelopment in April 2016.[36] The selling of naming rights to the arena will be a key component in funding the project, with an initial budget of €20,000,000 being proposed.[37]

text: Aviva Stadium[edit]

text: For bigger games where the RDS does not have sufficient capacity, Leinster play their games at the Aviva Stadium, which has an all-seater capacity of 51,700. These are often key home games in the European Cup or Pro14 games against domestic rivals. In 2010 they first played a home league game against Munster, the first time the stadium sold out,[38] and then against ASM Clermont Auvergne.[39][40][41] Leinster defeated Leicester Tigers at the venue in the 2010–11 European Cup quarter-finals and went on to beat Toulouse in the semi-finals, also held at the Aviva stadium on 30 April 2011, en route to winning their second European Cup.[42] The following season Leinster hosted Munster, Bath and Cardiff at the Aviva Stadium and remained unbeaten at the ground until December 2012 when they lost 21–28 to ASM Clermont Auvergne.

text: Donnybrook Stadium[edit]

text: Leinster's traditional home over the years has been Donnybrook Stadium in Donnybrook, Dublin 4. Donnybrook consists of a single covered stand and three sides of open terracing. A move across Dublin 4 to the RDS Arena for Leinster was needed to accommodate growing crowds, as the 6,000 capacity stadium had become too small.[43] For this reason, Leinster have signed a long term lease with the Royal Dublin Society to play home games at the RDS Arena. Donnybrook has since, been improved as a venue with the reconstruction of the grandstand in 2008[44] and remains an important venue for rugby union in Dublin.[5] Due to limited space, it is unlikely that Donnybrook will undergo further redevelopment. Leinster A play their British and Irish Cup games in the stadium and the senior team have continued to hold certain pre-season friendlies in the stadium as well as most Leinster schools cup matches being held at the venue.[45][46]

text: Supporters[edit]

text: Before the advent of professionalism in the Irish game, provincial rugby games were generally poorly attended. During most of the 1990s, Leinster matches regularly attracted crowds of about 500 to 2,000.[47] The decision to structure the game professionally via the provincial network through centralised player contracts and the subsequent on-field success achieved by Leinster and the other provinces resulted in a significant increase in support within a decade.[47] Leinster had 3,700 season ticket holders in 2006, double the amount of the previous season.[47] Leinster's supporters were named as 'Player of the Month' for April 2009 following their support in the European Cup Quarter Final against Harlequins at The Stoop.[48]

text: Leinster have the best support of any club in the PRO12 league and had an average attendance of 17,717 in the 2014–15 Pro12 season.[49] Leinster currently have roughly 12,500 season ticket holders.[50]

text: Leinster hold the record for the biggest Pro12 attendance. On 2 October 2010, Leinster played Munster in the 5th round of the league at the Aviva Stadium, this set a new crowd attendance record for a Pro12 game at 50,645. Leinster won the match 13–9.[51]

text: The last match at the old Landsdowne Road stadium was against Ulster on 31 December 2006 before it was demolished to make way for the new Aviva Stadium, earning the match the moniker of "The Last Stand". Leinster won the match 20–12, with an attendance of 48,000 – a record at the time.[52] A previous attendance record in the Pro12 was also set at Lansdowne Road, for a game between Leinster and Munster which drew a crowd of 30,000.[53] Leinsters European Cup clash against Munster at Croke Park set a world record attendance for a "club" rugby union game with a crowd of 82,208.[54] The Official Leinster Supporters Club was formally established as a club in 2007.[55]

text: Leinster A[edit]

text: Leinster A is the team that represents Leinster in the British & Irish Cup,[56] having won the competition a record two times to date, in the 2012–13 season as well as the 2013–14 season, also becoming the first and only side to ever successfully defend the trophy. Leinster A also compete in the All Ireland Inter-provincial Championship.  Pre-professionalism and a formal Celtic league structure, the main Leinster team competed in the AIIPC. Since the advent of professionalism the provinces have fielded lesser teams to concentrate on the Celtic League.  The team is composed of Senior Leinster squad players requiring gametime, Development contract & Academy players and, occasionally, AIL players called up from their clubs.

text: From the start of the 2015–16 season, Leinster A is coached by Hugh Hogan (Head Coach) and Shaun Berne (Asst Coach).

text: Sponsorship[edit]

text: From the 2007–08 season to the 2017-18 season Leinster's kits were supplied by Canterbury of New Zealand but for the next five seasons starting with the 2018 -19 season Leinster’s kits will be supplied by Adidas. Bank of Ireland, the country's oldest banking institution are Leinster's primary sponsors appearing in the front of their shirt, their sleeves, the top back of their shirt and the front right of their shorts. The Bank of Ireland symbol appeared on Leinster's front right and front left collars. On occasion the team will wear a shirt adorned with the logo of another sponsor due to a promotion run annually by the bank offering up the sponsorship space to an Irish business by way of a competition to win the right to become sponsor for a day.[57] During the 2013–14 season the contest was won by Dublin-based meat wholesaler Gahan Meats[58] and for 2014–15 the shirt sponsorship winners were accounting software provider Big Red Cloud.[59] The sponsorship prize package is valued at €50,000 and attracts hundreds of companies keen to be shortlisted each year.[60] The left of Leinster's back shorts had Bank of Ireland between 2009 and 2013 where it was replaced by Bank of Ireland's Twitter address right up until 2015 where it was replaced by Laya Healthcare. The teams 'official airline' is Irelands' CityJet.

text: Management & Coaches[edit]

text:
Position

Name

Nationality

Chief Executive

Mick Dawson

 Ireland

Head of Rugby Operations

Guy Easterby

 Ireland

Head Coach

Leo Cullen

 Ireland

Senior Coach

Stuart Lancaster

 England

Backs Coach

Felipe Contepomi

 Argentina

Scrum Coach

John Fogarty

 Ireland

text: Current squad[edit]

text: The current Leinster senior squad is:[61][62]

text: Note: Flags indicate national union as has been defined under WR eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-WR nationality.

text:
Player

Position

Union

Bryan Byrne

Hooker

 Ireland

Sean Cronin

Hooker

 Ireland

James Tracy

Hooker

 Ireland

Vakh Abdaladze

Prop

 Ireland

Michael Bent

Prop

 Ireland

Ed Byrne

Prop

 Ireland

Peter Dooley

Prop

 Ireland

Tadhg Furlong

Prop

 Ireland

Cian Healy

Prop

 Ireland

Jack McGrath

Prop

 Ireland

Andrew Porter

Prop

 Ireland

Scott Fardy

Lock

 Australia

Mick Kearney

Lock

 Ireland

Ross Molony

Lock

 Ireland

Ian Nagle

Lock

 Ireland

James Ryan

Lock

 Ireland

Devin Toner

Lock

 Ireland

Will Connors

Flanker

 Ireland

Dan Leavy

Flanker

 Ireland

Josh Murphy

Flanker

 Ireland

Seán O'Brien

Flanker

 Ireland

Rhys Ruddock

Flanker

 Ireland

Josh van der Flier

Flanker

 Ireland

Jack Conan

Number 8

 Ireland

Max Deegan

Number 8

 Ireland

Caelan Doris

Number 8

 Ireland

Player

Position

Union

Jamison Gibson-Park

Scrum-half

 New Zealand

Nick McCarthy

Scrum-half

 Ireland

Luke McGrath

Scrum-half

 Ireland

Ross Byrne

Fly-half

 Ireland

Jonathan Sexton

Fly-half

 Ireland

Tom Daly

Centre

 Ireland

Robbie Henshaw

Centre

 Ireland

Rory O'Loughlin

Centre

 Ireland

Noel Reid

Centre

 Ireland

Garry Ringrose

Centre

 Ireland

Adam Byrne

Wing

 Ireland

Barry Daly

Wing

 Ireland

Dave Kearney

Wing

 Ireland

James Lowe

Wing

 New Zealand

Fergus McFadden

Wing

 Ireland

Joe Tomane

Wing

 Australia

Rob Kearney

Fullback

 Ireland

Jordan Larmour

Fullback

 Ireland

text:
Senior 15s internationally capped players in bold.
Players qualified to play for Ireland on dual nationality or residency grounds*.
Irish Provinces are currently limited to four non-Irish eligible (NIE) players and one non-Irish qualified player (NIQ or "Project Player").[63]
Notes:

text: Academy squad[edit]

text: The Leinster academy squad for 2018–19 is:[64]

text:
Player

Position

Union

Ronan Kelleher (year 2)

Hooker

 Ireland

Jack Aungier (year 2)

Prop

 Ireland

Michael Milne (year 1)

Prop

 Ireland

Ryan Baird (year 1)

Lock

 Ireland

Oisin Dowling (year 2)

Lock

 Ireland

Jack Dunne (year 1)

Lock

 Ireland

Scott Penney (year 1)

Flanker

 Ireland

Player

Position

Union

Hugh O'Sullivan (year 2)

Scrum-half

 Ireland

Patrick Patterson (year 1)

Scrum-half

 Ireland

Harry Byrne (year 1)

Fly-half

 Ireland

Ciaran Frawley (year 2)

Centre

 Ireland

Gavin Mullin (year 2)

Centre

 Ireland

Conor O'Brien (year 3)

Centre

 Ireland

Jimmy O'Brien (year 3)

Centre

 Ireland

Tommy O'Brien (year 2)

Centre

 Ireland

Hugo Keenan (year 3)

Wing

 Ireland

Jack Kelly (year 3)

Wing

 Ireland

Aaron O'Sullivan* (year 1)

Wing

 England

Michael Silvester (year 1)

Fullback

 Ireland

text: Records against Pro 14 and European Cup opponents[edit]

text:
Against

Played

Won

Drawn

Lost

% Won

 Agen
2
2
0
0
100.00%

 Aironi
4
4
0
0
100.00%

 Benetton
19
16
1
2
84.21%

 Bath
9
7
0
2
77.78%

 Biarritz
6
4
0
2
66.67%

 Bordeaux
2
1
0
1
50.00%

 Border Reivers
9
6
0
3
66.67%

 Bourgoin
4
3
0
1
75.00%

 Bridgend
2
2
0
0
100.00%

 Bristol
2
2
0
0
100.00%

 Brive
2
2
0
0
100.00%

 Cardiff Blues
32
25
2
5
78.13%

 Castres
8
6
1
1
75.00%

 Celtic Warriors
2
0
0
2
0.00%

  Cheetahs
2
1
0
1
50.00%

 Clermont Auvergne
9
5
0
4
55.55%

 Connacht
31
23
0
8
74.19%

 Dragons
30
21
0
9
70.00%

 Ebbw Vale RFC
1
1
0
0
100.00%

 Edinburgh
37
23
0
14
62.16%

 Exeter Chiefs
4
4
0
0
100.00%

 Glasgow Warriors
44
29
2
13
65.91%

 Gloucester
2
1
0
1
50.00%

 Harlequins
3
2
0
1
66.67%

 Leicester Tigers
11
6
0
5
54.55%

 London Irish
2
0
1
1
0.00%

 Montpellier
6
4
1
1
66.67%

 Munster
38
22
1
15
57.89%

 Milan
3
2
0
1
66.67%

 Newcastle Falcons
2
2
0
0
100.00%

 Newport RFC
3
3
0
0
100.00%

 Northampton Saints
7
6
0
1
85.71%

 Ospreys
34
19
3
12
55.88%

 Pau
1
1
0
0
100.00%

 Perpignan
1
0
0
1
0.00%

 Racing 92
3
3
0
0
100.00%

 Sale Sharks
2
1
0
1
50.00%

 Saracens
3
3
0
0
100.00%

 Scarlets
37
24
2
11
64.86%

 Southern Kings
2
2
0
0
100.00%

 Stade Français
5
2
0
3
40.00%

 Swansea RFC
3
3
0
0
100.00%

 Toulon
4
0
0
4
0.00%

 Toulouse
9
4
0
5
44.44%

 Ulster
38
28
3
7
73.68%

 Wasps
9
4
1
4
44.44%

 Zebre
11
11
0
0
100.00%

Total
493
338
18
137
68.56%

text: Correct as of 26 May 2018.

text: In head-to-head terms, Leinster dominate Irish provincial rivals Ulster with a 28–7 win-loss record. Similarly Leinster enjoy a 23–8 win:loss ratio against western province Connacht. Leinster hold only a narrow head-to-head lead against arch-rivals Munster in one of the most intense derbies in world rugby, where they possess a 22–15 advantage. Munster are the closest Pro12 team to having a positive record against Leinster - all of the league's other sides have substantial losing records against Leinster. The Welsh side Celtic Warriors existed in the league for its first couple of seasons and have a positive record against Leinster of two wins and zero defeats, but the sides only ever played a couple of matches head-to-head before Celtic Warriors and a number of other Welsh clubs went out of business or merged. This was also at a time when Leinster were nowhere near as strong as they are now.

text: In European terms, out of teams who have played at least three games against Leinster, only a few enjoy a winning record. Stade Toulousain (Toulouse) have a slim 5–4 advantage after nine matches between the two teams. Stade Francais lead Leinster 3–2, while RC Toulon have a commanding 4–0 head-to-head lead. These are the only European clubs who have played against Leinster at least three times who have a winning record against them. Unless a negligible number of matches has been played no English, Irish, Welsh, Scottish or Italian clubs lead Leinster in head-to-head terms.

text: Notable players[edit]

text: See also Category:Leinster Rugby players. All players are Irish unless otherwise indicated.

text: British and Irish Lions[edit]

text: The following Leinster players have also represented the British and Irish Lions.[31] All of the following players have also represented Ireland, unless otherwise noted.

text:
Tom Crean: 1896
Robert Johnston: 1896
George J. Morgan: 1938
Karl Mullen: 1950
Robin Roe: 1955
Tony O'Reilly: 1955, 1959
Ronnie Dawson: 1959, 1968
Niall Brophy: 1959, 1962
Bill Mulcahy: 1959, 1962
Mike Hipwell: 1971
Sean Lynch: 1971
Fergus Slattery: 1971, 1974
Tom Grace: 1974
John Moloney: 1974
Willie Duggan: 1977
Philip Orr: 1977, 1980
Rodney O'Donnell: 1980
John Robbie: 1980
Tony Ward: 1980
Ollie Campbell: 1980, 1983
Hugo MacNeill: 1983
Paul Dean: 1989
Brendan Mullin: 1989
Vince Cunningham: 1993
Eric Miller: 1997
Malcolm O'Kelly: 2001, 2005
Brian O'Driscoll: 2001, 2005, 2009, 2013
Shane Byrne: 2005
Gordon D'Arcy: 2005, 2009
Denis Hickie: 2005
Shane Horgan: 2005
 Nathan Hines: 2009
Rob Kearney: 2009, 2013
Luke Fitzgerald: 2009
Jamie Heaslip: 2009, 2013
Cian Healy: 2013
Sean O'Brien: 2013, 2017
Jonathan Sexton: 2013, 2017
Tadhg Furlong: 2017
Robbie Henshaw: 2017
Jack McGrath: 2017

text: Club captains (professional era)[edit]

text:
Kurt McQuilkin (1997–98) – 1 title (Irish Interprovincial Championship)
Gabriel Fulcher (1998–99)
Liam Toland (1999–00 – 2000–01)
Reggie Corrigan (2001–02 – 2004–05) – 2 titles (Pro14, Irish Interprovincial Championship)
Brian O'Driscoll (2005–06 – 2007–08) – 1 title (Pro14)
Leo Cullen (2008–09 – 2013–14) – 6 titles (3 x European Cup, 1 x European Challenge Cup, 2 x Pro14)
Jamie Heaslip (2014–15)
Kevin McLaughlin (2015)
Isa Nacewa (2015–16 - 2017-18) - 2 titles (European Cup, Pro14)

text: Notable overseas players[edit]

text: The following is a list of non-Irish qualified representative Leinster players:

text:
Felipe Contepomi
Mariano Galarza
Juan Gomez
Shaun Berne
Kane Douglas
Rocky Elsom
Scott Fardy
Owen Finegan*
Lote Tuqiri
Chris Whitaker*
Matt Berquist
Jimmy Gopperth
Ben Te'o†
Brad Thorn*
Zane Kirchner
Ollie Le Roux
CJ van der Linde*
Heinke van der Merwe*
Vasily Artemiev
Adam Byrnes
Will Green
Nathan Hines
Isa Nacewa
Stan Wright
Fosi Pala'amo

text: * indicates World Cup winners† Ben Te'o subsequently represented England at international level

text: Head coaches (professional era)[edit]

text:
Coach

Season(s)

GP

W

D

L

Win %

Loss %

Championships / Notes

 Mike Ruddock

1997/98 – 1999/00

34

16

0

18

47.1%

52.9%

Interprovincial Championship (1998)

 Matt Willams

2000/01 – 2002/03

46

31

3

12

67.4%

26.1%

Pro12 (2002)
Interprovincial Championship (2002)

 Gary Ella

2003/04

30

14

2

14

46.7%

46.7%

 Declan Kidney

2004/05

25

17

1

7

68%

28%

 Gerry Murphy

2004/05

4

2

0

2

50%

50%

Interim Coach

 Michael Cheika

2005/06 – 2009/10

134

88

4

42

65.7%

31.3%

Pro12 (2008)
European Cup (2009)

 Joe Schmidt

2010/11 – 2012/13

99

77

3

19

77.8%

19.2%

European Cup (2011), (2012)  Challenge Cup (2013)
Pro12 (2013)

 Matt O'Connor

2013/14 – 2014/15

61

40

5

16

65.6%

26.2%

Pro12 (2014)

 Leo Cullen

2015/16 – Present

94

67

2

25

71.3%

26.6%

European Cup (2018)
Pro14 (2018)

text: Personnel honours and records[edit]

text: Europe[edit]

text: All players listed below are Irish unless otherwise noted.

text: European Player of the Year

text: Inaugurated 2010

text: Winners

text:
2011 – Seán O'Brien
2012 – Rob Kearney.

text: 5-man shortlist

text:
2011 - Seán O'Brien, Jamie Heaslip, Isa Nacewa[65]
2012 - Rob Kearney, Jonathan Sexton[66]
2013 - Jamie Heaslip (2)[67]
2015 - Jamie Heaslip (3)[68]
2017 - Garry Ringrose
2018 - Scott Fardy, Tadhg Furlong, Jonathan Sexton (2)[69]

text:
ERC European Dream Team
The following Leinster players were selected in the ERC European Dream Team, an all-time dream team of Heineken Cup players over the first 15 years of professional European rugby. (1995–2010). Both O'Driscoll and Elsom were part of the 2008–09 Heineken Cup winning team.

text:
Brian O'Driscoll (Centre), 1999–2014
 Rocky Elsom (Flanker), 2008–2009 (Elsom had the fewest Heineken Cup appearances in the team and was the only member born outside of Europe).

text: European Cup player records[citation needed]

text:
Most Appearances: (104) Gordon D'Arcy
Most Tries: (33) Brian O'Driscoll
Most Points: (583) Jonathan Sexton
Most Cons & Pens: (203) Jonathan Sexton[70]

text: (correct as of 25 November 2017)'

text: European Cup Individual Awards

text:
2004-05 Top try scorer: Shane Horgan, 8 tries.
 2005-06 Top point scorer: Felipe Contepomi, 129 points.
 2008-09 Top try scorer: Brian O'Driscoll, 5 tries.
 2010-11 Top point scorer: Jonathan Sexton, 138 points.
 2011-12 Top point scorer: Jonathan Sexton (2), 103 points.
 2014-15 Top point scorer: Ian Madigan, 113 points.
 2016-17 Top try scorer: Isa Nacewa, 7 tries.

text: Combined Europe and Pro 14[edit]

text:
Most Appearances: (257) Gordon D'Arcy
Most Tries: (69) Shane Horgan
Most Points: (1,225)  Felipe Contepomi
Most Cons & Pens: (408)  Felipe Contepomi

text: (correct as of 26 May 2015).

text: Pro 14[edit]

text: All players listed below are Irish unless otherwise noted. Inaugurated 2006-07.

text:
Pro14 Team of the Year
The following Leinster players were listed on the Pro 12 team of the year.

text:
Season
Irish players
Foreign players

2006–07
Jamie Heaslip, Gordon D'Arcy, Denis Hickie
 Felipe Contepomi

2007–08
Jamie Heaslip (2), Leo Cullen, Bernard Jackman, Malcolm O'Kelly
 Felipe Contepomi (2),  Ollie Le Roux,  Stan Wright

2008–09
Jamie Heaslip (3), Brian O'Driscoll
 Rocky Elsom

2009–10
Jamie Heaslip (4), Brian O'Driscoll (2), Leo Cullen
—

2010–11
Jamie Heaslip (5), Richardt Strauss, Seán O'Brien, Mike Ross
 Isa Nacewa

2011–12
Richardt Strauss (2)
 Isa Nacewa (2)

2012–13
Ian Madigan
—

2013–14
Sean Cronin, Jordi Murphy, Rhys Ruddock[71]
—

2014–15
—
—

2015–16
Josh van der Flier
 Isa Nacewa (3),  Ben Te'o

2016–17
Jack Conan, Dan Leavy
—

2017-18
(Team based only on fantasy league scores) Max Deegan
–

text: Pro 14 Player Records[citation needed]

text:
Most Appearances: (145) Shane Jennings
Most Tries: (39) Shane Horgan
Most Points: (877)  Felipe Contepomi
Most Cons & Pens: (302)  Felipe Contepomi

text: (correct as of 26 May 2015).

text:
Pro14 Golden Boot
The Golden Boot is awarded to the kicker who has successfully converted the highest percentage of place kicks during the 22-week regular Pro12 season. The prize has been awarded annually since 2012.
(Percentage success rate in brackets)

text:
2012 – Jonathan Sexton (90%)
2013 – Ian Madigan (87%)
2015 – Ian Madigan (87%)

text: Pro14 Individual Awards

text:
2001-02: Top try scorer: Shane Horgan, Girvan Dempsey (joint), 7 tries each.
2005-06: Top point scorer: Felipe Contepomi, 287 points.
2006-07: Top try scorer: Jamie Heaslip (joint), 7 tries.
2008-09: Top point scorer: Felipe Contepomi (2) (joint), 161 points.
2012-13: Top point scorer: Ian Madigan, 186 points.
2016-17: Pro 12 Young Player of the Year: Joey Carbery

text: World Rugby Player of the Year[edit]

text: Inaugurated 2001

text: Players who have made the shortlist (4-6 nominees per year)

text:
2001: Brian O'Driscoll
2002: Brian O'Driscoll (2)
2004: Gordon D'Arcy
2009: Brian O'Driscoll (3), Jamie Heaslip
2014: Jonathan Sexton
2016: Jamie Heaslip (2)


document_title: World of Wearable Art

question_text: where is the world of wearable art held

question_tokens: where is the world of wearable art held

text: World of Wearable Art

text: This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (December 2007) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

text: The World of WearableArt & Classic Cars Museum (WOW) is a museum devoted to wearable art and classic cars located in Nelson, New Zealand. It opened in October 2001.

text: WearableArt Gallery[edit]

text: The WOW Gallery shows the attending garments of the World of WearableArt Awards Show, a two-hour performance spectacle held annually in Wellington during September. The show was started in Nelson in 1987 by Suzie Moncrieff.[1]


document_title: Philip J. Fry

question_text: when does leela fall in love with fry

question_tokens: when does leela fall in love with fry

text: Philip J. Fry

text: Character overview[edit]

text: Born in the 20th century in New York City, Fry is depicted as a dimwitted manchild in his 20s.[3] The episode "The Luck of the Fryrish" seems to imply he was 25 at the time of his freezing.[4] He is a pizza delivery boy who, during the last few seconds of the year 1999, falls into a cryogenic tank while delivering a pizza to Applied Cryogenics. He remains frozen until the last day of the year 2999. He then meets the one-eyed cryogenics counselor Leela and the cigar-smoking, alcoholic, kleptomaniac robot Bender. Together, they are employed by Fry's distant nephew, the senile and demented old scientist Professor Farnsworth, as the crew of his delivery company Planet Express.

text: Fry's parents are Yancy Fry, Sr., a strict Republican who believes in conspiracy theories, and Sherri Fry (née Gleisner), an un-attentive chain smoker and avid New York Mets fan. It is later revealed that Fry's family on his father's side is from New Mexico. In the past Fry had an older brother named Yancy; a dog named Seymour; and a girlfriend named Michelle (who dumped him in the first episode, "Space Pilot 3000", just before he was frozen). Fry had a lifelong sibling rivalry with his older brother Yancy, due to Fry's perception that Yancy steals everything from him and vice versa. After dropping out of Coney Island Community College, he then got a job as a delivery boy at Panucci's Pizza. Depictions of Fry's family in early episodes showed them as extremely dysfunctional, with a neglectful mother and borderline-abusive father. Later seasons, however, depicted them as much closer and, while still dysfunctional, more loving and attentive, with Fry's father treating him harshly to ensure he grew up tough.

text: Personality and abilities[edit]

text: Fry is characterized as simple, sweet, naïve and immature. Fry regards Bender as his closest friend. He also has strong feelings for Leela, although he lacks the intelligence required for articulating his emotions; thus, for most of the series his love remains (sometimes coldly) unrequited, though not entirely without hope. She does occasionally return his interest throughout the series, and in the movie Into the Wild Green Yonder she admits to loving him back. At the end of that film, they are seen sharing a kiss as they enter a wormhole, and subsequently begin dating. Despite his low intelligence, Fry is a very caring and kind-hearted person who often goes out of his way to help his friends, even if he is sometimes oblivious to their problems. He tolerates all of his friends' quirks and is notable as the only staff member who accepts the ship's doctor, Zoidberg. Although at times lacking in self-awareness, Fry always tries to do the right thing and fix his mistakes. Fry has shown remarkable skill playing video games, (even mastering the 31st-century's version on the Internet), and in "Bender Should Not Be Allowed on TV" is seen successfully playing a game despite not looking at the screen. This skill carries over to using Planet Express Ship's laser gun. Despite his laziness, Fry has also exhibited remarkable bravery and self-sacrifice on occasion and has even displayed flashes of stagnant intelligence. Also, despite his laziness and clumsy behavior, Fry has proved to be a competent fighter in "Law and Oracle" and "Fun on a Bun", the latter episode showing that Fry is skilled enough to hold his own against Leela in direct physical combat. He has also survived a heart attack intentionally caused by his best friend Bender.

text: In the episode "The Why of Fry", Leela's seemingly oblivious pet Nibbler reveals himself as the reason for Fry's freezing; because Fry lacks the Delta brainwave. Due to a time-travel incident in "Roswell That Ends Well", he is his own grandfather. He can withstand the intellect-draining onslaught of the evil Brainspawn and is immune to the Dark One's mind-reading in Into the Wild Green Yonder as well as the mind-controlling power of the Hypnotoad. Nibbler's race, the Nibblonians, dub him "The Mighty One". Through prediction (on the eve of 1999, as the Nibblonians lack the ability to travel through time), they guessed that Fry would be the one to save the world from the evil Brainspawn. Because his natural lifespan would not extend to the right millennium, however, Nibbler is sent to make the aforementioned delivery call to push an unsuspecting Fry into the cryogenic tube, to re-emerge December 31, 2999.

text: In several episodes, he feels nostalgic for the 20th century, and tries to convince his coworkers how good it was back then.

text: Love life[edit]

text: Leela[edit]

text: Leela is Fry's main love interest, and his love for her provides a major plot line throughout the series. Fry first begins to show a serious interest in her from the second season onwards, although she constantly turns him down for other dates due to his immaturity, though she says that she loves his boyish charm. Leela initially sees Fry as a friend and nothing more, but deeper affection for him appears occasionally, such as on the numerous occasions when he risks his life for hers ("Love and Rocket", "The Sting", "Lrrreconcilable Ndndifferences").

text: Fry's feelings for Leela are openly displayed throughout the series. In "The Sting", Fry throws himself in front of a baby Queen Bee to protect Leela, resulting in the bee's stinger completely penetrating his torso. In "Love and Rocket", upon noticing that Leela's oxygen tank was running on 'critical', he attaches her oxygen tube to his tank, giving her his oxygen and almost asphyxiating himself. In "Parasites Lost", Fry becomes infected with symbiotic "parasites" which enhance his muscles and intelligence, allowing him to attract Leela's romantic attention. However, fearing that Leela was attracted to him only for his worms, he rids himself of them in a failed bid to begin a genuine relationship. In "Time Keeps on Slippin'", Fry moves the stars to write a love note to Leela, but the message is blown up before she can read it. In the final episode of the initial run, "The Devil's Hands are Idle Playthings", Fry trades hands with the Robot Devil in order to compose an opera about Leela in which they fall in love. When Fry returns the Robot Devil's hands to prevent him from forcing Leela to marry him, the opera deteriorates, causing the audience to leave. Fry sadly walks off the stage. Leela is the only one who remains behind, asking Fry not to stop because she wants to hear how it ends. He picks up his holophonor and composes a crude ending in which the stage-Fry and stage-Leela share a single kiss.

text: In the film Futurama: Bender's Big Score Leela falls in love with a seemingly perfect man, Lars, and they soon become engaged. However, Lars leaves Leela on her wedding day explaining later that as a time paradox he is doomed, and that he wouldn't marry her only to have her lose him soon after. Through this he then reveals that he is in fact the time paradox of Fry, who had undergone physical changes due to an explosion and become more mature through 12 years of age and experience.

text: At the end of the film Futurama: Into the Wild Green Yonder, Leela openly admits to loving Fry, and they commence an openly romantic relationship from the episode "Rebirth" onwards. In "The Prisoner of Benda" they have "sex", albeit in differing bodies. The on-again, off again nature of their relationship causes Leela to leave Planet Express and Fry in "Overclockwise", however by the end of the episode, Leela returns to Planet Express and seemingly reunites with Fry. Bender reveals to both Fry and Leela their "ultimate fate" that he learned while he was overclocked. The audience is never shown the contents, but through their facial expressions it is clear that while the journey for them may be bumpy, Fry and Leela will ultimately end up happy.

text: In later episodes, such as "The Butterjunk Effect" and "Fun on a Bun", Fry and Leela are shown to be in a relationship, though the events of the series precipitate frequent arguments and breakups. These issues are usually resolved within the episode, leaving Fry and Leela still together at the end.

text: During the series finale "Meanwhile", Fry decides that it is time for him to propose to Leela. Wanting the moment of his proposal to last longer, he steals Professor Farnsworth's time machine remote that turns back time every 10 seconds. When Leela is late, he thinks she has rejected him and attempts suicide by jumping off the building; he sees her arriving just in time, however, and presses the reset button over and over again to keep from hitting the ground. He accidentally breaks the remote and freezes time, leaving himself and Leela as the only unfrozen beings in the universe. Leela accepts Fry's proposal, and they have a long, happy marriage. The Professor shows up during one of their anniversaries and repairs the time machine, but informs them it will reset their lives, leaving them with no memory of the lifetime they spent together. Fry asks Leela if she wants to go around again with him, and she replies that she does.

text: Michelle[edit]

text: Michelle (voiced by Kath Soucie in the first appearance, Sarah Silverman in the second appearance) is Fry's on-and-off girlfriend from the 20th century. Shortly before Fry is frozen, she dumps him for a man named Constantine (called Charles in "The Cryonic Woman"), whom she later marries. They eventually split up, and she decides to freeze herself to try again in the distant future. She wakes up in 3002, meets Fry again, and restarts her relationship with him. However, she fails to fit into the 31st century life to which Fry has become so accustomed, and so asks him to freeze himself with her for another thousand years. This plan fails, as does the rekindled relationship, so Fry leaves her. She later is shown in a limousine with the recently unfrozen Pauly Shore. In the episode "Proposition Infinity", she is again shown with Pauly Shore, and the implication is that they are now married.

text: Amy Wong[edit]

text: During a trip on the luxury starliner Titanic, Amy Wong passes Fry off as her boyfriend to avoid being set up by her parents with an unattractive potential husband. Unfortunately, Leela was also passing Fry off as her fake fiancé to ward off the attentions of Zapp Brannigan. Potential embarrassment is averted by catastrophic damage to the ship, and Amy wins the battle of the bogus boyfriends.

text: In "Put Your Head on My Shoulders", Fry and Amy are trapped together in a desert on Mercury and realize they have a lot in common. While being towed to the nearest gas station to refuel, they have sex in the car. They continue the relationship back home, but Fry intends to end it the day before Valentine's Day because he feels that they are spending too much time together. An accident ends with Fry's head being temporarily attached to Amy's body, causing much tension due to Fry's decision to break up and Amy's subsequent date, forcing Leela to step in and distract Amy's date to save Fry from an awkward situation. Despite their break-up, they remain good friends.

text: Production[edit]

text: Although Billy West stated in an interview that the name "Philip" was given to Fry by Matt Groening as a homage to the late Phil Hartman, for whom the role of Zapp Brannigan was created,[5] Groening said during the 2013 Futurama panel at the San Diego Comic-Con that Fry was in fact named after Groening's father, Homer Phillip Groening,[6] who was also the namesake for Homer Simpson.

text: According to Groening, Fry's character developed over time while still keeping his qualities as a loser and the characteristics which writers hoped would make him appeal to the target young male audience.[7] Fry's character is essentially a bungling, stubborn slob with a heart of gold who cannot get ahead in the world, but still has a slight glimmer of hope.[7] Fry's trademark outfit - a red windbreaker jacket, white t-shirt and blue jeans - is based on James Dean's outfit from Rebel Without a Cause.[8]

text: Fry is voiced by Billy West, who also voices Doctor Zoidberg, Hubert J. Farnsworth and various other characters in the series. Although West auditioned for the part, it was originally given to Charlie Schlatter;[9] however, after a casting change, West was offered the job.[5] The voice West uses for Fry has been described as that of a "generic Saturday-morning good guy".[2] West admits that he intentionally made Fry's sound similar to his own, claiming that keeping the "cartoony" aspects out of it would make it harder for someone else to imitate the same voice.[5] He notes that the voice is higher than his own and that he tried to duplicate the voice he had at age 25, which he describes as "this whiny, complaining voice — this plain vanilla voice".[9] West also voices Lars Fillmore in Futurama: Bender's Big Score, who is a time travel duplicate of Fry with an injured larynx, and therefore, a slightly altered voice. The producers initially considered having a different voice actor do Lars' voice in order to keep viewers from guessing his true identity, but ultimately decided it would not make sense if anyone besides West did the voice.[10]


document_title: Preface to the Lyrical Ballads

question_text: who wrote preface to lyrical ballads 2nd edition

text: Preface to the Lyrical Ballads

text: The Preface to the Lyrical Ballads is an essay, composed by William Wordsworth, for the second edition (published in January 1801, and often referred to as the "1800 Edition") of the poetry collection Lyrical Ballads, and then greatly expanded in the third edition of 1802. It has come to be seen as a de facto manifesto of the Romantic movement.