document_title: Jo Harvelle

question_text: when do sam and dean meet ellen and jo

question_tokens: when do sam and dean meet ellen and jo

text: Jo Harvelle

text: Plot[edit]

text: Jo first meets Sam and Dean Winchester in the second season episode "Everybody Loves a Clown".[1] The brothers look for her mother Ellen at Harvelle's Roadhouse—a saloon frequented by hunters of supernatural creatures—after she leaves a voice mail message on the phone of their deceased father, John Winchester.[2] Throughout the second season, Jo appears to have romantic feelings for Dean; though he states that he also has feelings for her, he will not act on them.[1] Wanting to be a hunter like her late father, Bill, to feel connected to him, Jo slips away from the Roadhouse against her mother's wishes to help the brothers on a hunt in "No Exit", but they ultimately have to rescue her from a vengeful spirit. An angry Ellen reveals to her that John's recklessness caused Bill's death,[3] which strains Jo's friendship with Sam and Dean.[4] Jo soon leaves the Roadhouse to live the life of a hunter.[5] When the demon Meg Masters is possessing Sam in "Born Under a Bad Sign", she finds and captures Jo, planning to threaten her life to force Dean to kill his brother. While holding Jo hostage, Meg plays cruel mind games with her by first telling her that Dean doesn't return her feelings for him and then by telling her that John actually killed Bill to "put him out of his misery" after he incurred fatal wounds, despite Bill's pleas to see his wife and daughter one more time.[6] Dean rescues Jo from Meg without harming Sam, but when Jo attempts to join him in capturing Meg, he refuses to allow her to come; he tells Jo he will call her, but as he leaves, she mutters, "No, you won't."[6]

text: In the fifth season episode "Good God, Y'All!", Jo reappears with her mother Ellen in a small Colorado town called River Pass. They plan to help Rufus, a demon hunter and one of Bobby's friends, kill the demons that have laid siege to the town. However, Jo and Ellen are separated in the chaos. Jo later finds and joins up with Rufus and other townspeople. Eventually, they attack Sam and Ellen, both of them appearing to be possessed by demons. Jo joins in with Rufus to torture the supposed "demon" out of a captured Sam with holy water and salt, but becomes doubtful when no demonic effects are present on Sam. Dean and Ellen arrive and, after a brief struggle, convince Jo and Rufus that War, one of the Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse, is responsible for making all the townspeople turn against each other by thinking that both sides are demons.[7] Jo and Ellen team up with the Winchesters again in "Abandon All Hope...", where they help the brothers reacquire the Colt — a mystical gun rumored to be capable of killing anything — in order to kill Lucifer. Upon tracking his location to an abandoned town, they are confronted by Meg, accompanied by a pack of hellhounds. The group of hunters flee, but Jo is injured when saving Dean from the hellhounds. Knowing that her wounds are fatal and that Lucifer must be stopped, Jo convinces the others to build a bomb and to use her as bait for a trap. Ellen stays behind and opens the front doors while the Winchesters escape onto the roof. After Jo dies in her arms, Ellen blows up the building, killing the hellhounds and herself in the process.[8]

text: Jo is mentioned but not seen in the sixth season episode "My Heart Will Go On", in which she is temporarily restored to life as a result of the angel Balthazar saving the Titanic from its destined sinking.[9] She makes an on-screen return in the seventh season episode "Defending Your Life" as a ghostly witness called by the Egyptian god Osiris when he is judging Dean's guilt. Jo's ghost instead testifies that Dean was not responsible for her fate. Osiris declares him guilty anyway and forces her to try to kill Dean, but she is able to take her leave in peace when Sam kills Osiris and thereby frees her from the god's control.[10] Supernatural executive producer Robert Singer confirmed that the apparition was Jo's ghost and not an illusion created by Osiris.[11]

text: Characterization[edit]

text: Series creator Eric Kripke initially described Jo as an "innocent girl who wanted to be a hunter" and who tends to look before she leaps; she is also "enthusiastic" and very "girl-next-door" in her approach to hunting the supernatural.[12] He later regretted writing Jo in this way, as he felt that it was the wrong characterization for a female character on Supernatural.[13] However, Jo grows throughout the second season as she rebels against her mother by running away to be a hunter, which Kripke believed made her harder and tougher.[12] Regarding her character's capture by a vengeful spirit in "No Exit", actress Alona Tal felt that Jo was a "badass" who handled the situation well. Tal commented, "She fought and risked her life and stayed there as bait. It took a lot of guts."[14]

text: The actress noted that Jo matures during her hiatus between the second and fifth season. Having found out the hard way that "banter doesn't always work", she becomes quieter and "not as mouthy".[15] The character "called the shots" in her final appearance, and was the "bigger person" by forcing everyone to accept the reality of the situation. After years of hunting together, the relationship between Jo and Ellen also develops; Tal came to view them more as equals rather than daughter and mother. Although Jo's feelings for Dean remain the same, Tal liked the fact that she does not easily give in to Dean's advances in "Abandon All Hope...". She believed that Jo resists her urge to "go crazy [with him]" due to the dire circumstances, which "gave it a little more meaning".[16] When asked about the kiss that Dean gives to Jo when she is dying, Tal explained that she interpreted the kiss as Dean "really seeing [Jo] and thanking [her] and appreciating [her]. For him, at that particular moment, there was no other way to express it but with a kiss."[17]

text: With the character now a spirit in her seventh season appearance, Tal felt that Jo's death brought her "clarity" and "a different level of comfortability". Noting that the afterlife is a "completely different world", the actress described Jo as "just relaxed and not angry".[17] She confirmed that Jo doesn't hold Dean accountable for her death, pointing out that Jo had chosen to become a hunter because of her father, not because of Dean.[11] However, series writer and co-executive producer Adam Glass felt that Dean still has "some real guilt" over Jo's death because the character feels that he "could have pushed [her] away from this life, not pulled [her] more into it."[11]

text: Development[edit]

text: Due to the father-son dynamics of the hunting world depicted in the series' first season with the Winchesters, the writers decided to explore a mother-daughter relationship. This resulted in the introduction of the character Jo Harvelle and her mother Ellen,[12][18] though the Alex character was eventually renamed Jo.[18] Tal had been a fan of the show, and decided to audition for the role. Since the character was not fully explored during her first few appearances on the show, Tal did not know what her personality would be.[18] Because of the way Jo is introduced—threatening Dean with a rifle—Tal was under the impression that the character was an experienced hunter.[19] With this in mind, she decided to portray her as "somewhat confident and cool" by making use of her experience in the Israeli army,[14] where she served for two years.[18] Tal commented, "When I was in the army I was holding my gun and feeling all dangerous and badass. It's an attitude, it's a different kind of walk, and the way you hold yourself, the way you look at things. I tried to put that in there because she didn't say much."[14]

text:
“
The work you do up there is unlike on any other show. And it was a lot of fun, but it's not over. You never know what might happen [on Supernatural], and you have to stay open-minded. I got what I wanted for Jo, which was respect.
”

— Tal discussing her work on the series following her character's death.[16]

text: The writers originally intended Jo to serve as a love interest for Dean Winchester, but this idea was dropped during Jo's debut season because Kripke felt that she came across as more of a "girl-next-door" than the dangerous type of character Dean would be attracted to, like Sydney Bristow of Alias.[12] Tal also noted the tension between Jo and Dean, which made the characters "snappy" towards one another, resulting in the appearance of a brother-sister relationship.[14] Kripke admits that, even before Jo's debut, he had doubts about the way the character was conceived.[20] Because of these factors, the character was eventually phased out of the second season altogether.[12] Looking back from the seventh season, however, Tal opined that, "Jo and Dean would've made a good couple", pointing to the characters' "mutual experiences", particularly Jo's knowledge of the supernatural and her experience in the hunting life, as one of the main reasons she believed that they were suitable for each other.[11] She felt that their "obvious unsolved, unresolved" feelings for one another were "always brought up whenever Dean and Jo [were] in the same room."[17]

text: During the 2009 San Diego Comic-Con International, Kripke announced that Jo would return in the series' fifth season.[21] The opportunity to return surprised Tal due to the character's negative fan reaction and the large time span since her previous appearance.[15] She was later alerted about Jo's demise in "Abandon All Hope..." by director Phil Sgriccia. Though unhappy, Tal was "all for it" because she felt it benefited the show, and found it "grand" that Jo "went out in a blaze of glory".[16] Jo was one of many deceased characters the writers considered to have appear in the alternate reality of the sixth season episode "My Heart Will Go On", but they ultimately settled on Ellen. Although executive producer Robert Singer stated that Jo would not be appearing in the sixth season, he noted that it was possible she could return in the next season.[22]

text: Tal's return for the seventh season was announced at the 2011 Comic-Con.[23] On the choice to bring Jo back for "Defending Your Life", writer and co-executive producer Adam Glass explained, "Knowing the history there, knowing the emotion that Dean would feel for her, we knew it'd be great. Jo's a favorite, too, so we wanted to see her back on the show."[11] Tal was happy to return to the show, saying, "I didn't care that it took me over a season to come back. Just to be back at all was a blessing."[24] Feeling that she herself had grown as a person since her appearance in the fifth season, Tal tried to mirror that in her performance. She noted, however, "Obviously, [Jo] died. So there’s been some issues."[17] Singer called her work in the episode "terrific."[11]

text: On the possibility of another return to the series in the future, Tal said, "Whenever it works out and they do want me back, I’m always game, and I’m always excited to go back there. It’s a fun place to go back to."[17]

text: Reception[edit]

text: Critical reception to Jo has been generally positive. Diana Steenbergen of IGN favored Jo from the beginning, deeming her "tough and direct, and also female, something the boys don't have a lot of in their lives right now". She also believed that Jo and Dean had a "natural chemistry" between them,[25][26] which continues even with her reappearance in the fifth season.[27] However, Steenbergen was confused by Jo's anger at Sam and Dean over John Winchester's involvement in her father's death, feeling that the show's producers may have added it to the story as an excuse for Jo's removal from the series.[28] While Tina Charles of TV Guide was at first unsure about the character, she wrote that by the episode "No Exit", "Tal did step things up and kinda won me over". She believed that while Jo did not make a good love interest for Dean, she was good in a "sisterly or friendly fellow-ghostbuster way", deeming her as "someone they can count on in a pinch". Overall, Charles felt that Jo "fit into that world, whether she was a little overzealous or not".[29]

text: The character's death saddened Charles, but she admitted it was a "very effective move". She described Jo's scenes with Dean in "Abandon All Hope..." as "amazing", and added, "I feel like I finally felt their connection and the kiss was pretty potent."[30] Commenting on the character's dying farewells in the fifth season, Maureen Ryan of the Chicago Tribune noted that Tal "brought [her] A-game to 'Abandon All Hope…'", declaring that "[Tal fits] perfectly into the 'Supernatural' world because [she understands] that on this show, restraint is everything. It's not necessarily just about what the characters say or do, it's about what they don't say—what they can't find the words for".[31] Steenbergen called Jo's death "one of the saddest moments in the show's history", and expressed the desire to bring Jo back permanently. Regarding the character's reappearance in "Defending Your Life", Steenbergen described the scenes between Jo and Dean as "compelling" and "the highlights of the episode".[32] Likewise, Ryan deemed Jo's final scene with Dean in "Defending Your Life" "the best part of the episode", feeling that Jensen Ackles (Dean's actor) and Tal "have always had nice chemistry together". However, Ryan disliked that Dean felt he was responsible for Jo's choices and ultimately her death, writing, "I'm such a fan of Jo that to retroactively take away her agency and go along with the idea that Dean was her puppetmaster felt as though it would do a disservice to one of the show's (increasingly rare) cool female characters."[33]

text: On the other hand, Sean Elliott of IFMagazine disliked the "Scrappy-Doo qualities of the character". He compared Jo to Dawn Summers of Buffy the Vampire Slayer, feeling that she "is always trying to help and always gets in the way".[34] Fan reaction to the character was generally negative as well.[12][20][35] Ackles summed up the response as, "No, no, we just want this to be about the boys."[35] Though Kripke believed that Tal was a "terrific actress" who "did valiantly and beautifully with the part [they] gave her",[20] he felt that introducing her as a love interest was a mistake and came to believe that women should only be introduced into the series as antagonists.[36] The failure with Jo prompted the series writers to introduce Ruby the following season in an attempt to "course-correct".[13]

text: In 2012, fans voted "tough and compromising" Jo the 53rd sexiest female character in fantasy and science fiction film and television in a poll conducted by SFX for the Top 200 Sexiest Characters In Sci-Fi.[37]


document_title: Bellagio (resort)

question_text: when was the bellagio in las vegas built

root

text: Bellagio (resort)

text: History[edit]

text: Background and opening (1990s)[edit]

text: Bellagio was conceived by Steve Wynn, and Atlandia Design (a Mirage Resorts, Inc. wholly owned subsidiary) managed the design, construction and furnishing of the facility, following the purchase and demolition of the legendary Dunes hotel and casino in October 27, 1993 after the grand opening of Luxor Las Vegas. Bellagio's design architect was DeRuyter Butler, and Peter Smith was the project executive. Construction on the Bellagio began in May 1996.[2][3] Bellagio had an original design and construction cost of US$1.6 billion.[4]

tag: p

text: The interior design on the Bellagio was designed by Architectural Digest 100 four-time winner Roger Thomas. Roger Thomas is the executive vice president of design for Wynn Design & Development, and principal of the Roger Thomas Collection.

text: Bellagio opened on October 15, 1998, just before 11 pm, in a ceremony that was reported to cost US$88 million. The VIPs invited to the grand opening were expected to donate to The Foundation Fighting Blindness US$1,000 a person or US$3,500 a couple, which entitled them to an overnight stay at Bellagio's suite rooms.[citation needed] Opening night's entertainment began with Steve Wynn giving a 40-minute welcome speech followed by the opening of the Cirque du Soleil production O. Performing in Bellagio lounges that night were New York cabaret and recording artist Michael Feinstein, George Bugatti, and John Pizarrelli. When it opened, it was the most expensive hotel ever built.

text: Recent years (2000-present)[edit]

text: In 2000 it became an MGM Mirage property when Mirage Resorts merged with MGM Grand Inc. to create MGM Mirage. In 2010, the company was renamed MGM Resorts International in a move to go worldwide with its brands.

text: Bellagio employs approximately 8,000 people. In the Autumn of 2006, the casino floor was remodeled and new uniforms were issued, changing the original color scheme to a more subdued beige theme.

text: On December 15, 2010, a helmet-wearing gunman robbed the casino of $1.5 million in chips.[5] In August 2011, he was sentenced to a prison term of 9–27 years.[6]

text: In the early morning hours of March 25, 2017, the Rolex jewelry store was robbed by men in pig masks.[7]

text: On April 13, 2017, part of the roof caught fire.[8]

text: Gaming[edit]

text: Poker room[edit]

text: Many professional poker players prefer to play at the Bellagio poker room, calling it their home base (or more commonly "The Office") due to the high table limits, including the high-stakes Big Game located in "Bobby's Room", named after Bobby Baldwin. The stakes at the Big Game can range up to $4,000/$8,000, and are frequented by such poker pros as Doyle Brunson, Daniel Negreanu, and Jennifer Harman. It is reported that the pots during this game can far exceed $1 million.[9]

text: Bellagio has also partnered with the World Poker Tour to host several of their tournaments.

text: Restaurants[edit]

text: There are 14 restaurants inside Bellagio as well as private dining, in-room dining, and poolside dining options:

text:
Lago by Julian Serrano
Harvest by Roy Ellamar
Spago (Opening Summer 2018)
Fix
Yellowtail Japanese Restaurant
Prime Steakhouse
Le Cirque
Picasso
Michael Mina
The Buffet
Jasmine
Cafe Bellagio
Noodles
Bellagio Patisserie - home of the world's tallest chocolate fountain
Sadelle's (Opening Winter 2018)

tag: ul

text: Attractions[edit]

text: Fountains of Bellagio[edit]

text: The Fountains of Bellagio is a vast, choreographed water feature with performances set to light and music. (See musical fountain.) The performances take place in front of the Bellagio hotel and are visible from numerous vantage points on the Strip, both from the street and neighboring structures. The show takes place every 30 minutes in the afternoons and early evenings, and every 15 minutes from 8 pm to midnight. Two minutes before a water show starts, the nozzles begin to break the water surface and the lights illuminating the hotel tower turn to a purple hue (usually), or red-white-and-blue for certain music. Shows may be cancelled without warning because of high wind, although shows usually run with less power in face of wind. A single show may be skipped to avoid interference with a planned event. Additional shows can occur for special occasions including weddings. The fountain display is choreographed to various pieces of music, including "Time To Say Goodbye" by Andrea Bocelli, "God Bless the USA" by Lee Greenwood, "Your Song" by Elton John, "Viva Las Vegas" by Elvis Presley, "Luck Be a Lady" by Frank Sinatra, "My Heart Will Go On" by Céline Dion, and "The Sound of Silence" by Disturbed.[10]

text: The fountains are set in a 8-acre (3.2 ha) manmade lake. Contrary to urban myth, the lake is not filled with treated greywater from the hotel. The lake is actually serviced by a freshwater well that was drilled decades prior to irrigate a golf course that previously existed on the site. The fountains actually use less water than irrigating the golf course did.[11] They incorporate a network of pipes with more than 1,200 nozzles that make it possible to stage fountain displays coordinated with more than 4,500 lights. It is estimated that the fountains cost $40 million to build. The fountains were created by WET, a design firm specializing in inventive fountains and architectural water features.[12]

text: Four types of nozzles are used for the various effects:

text:
208 Oarsmen – jets with a full range of spherical motion
798 Shooters – shoot water upwards
192 Super Shooters – send a water blast as high as 240 ft (73 m) in the air.
16 Extreme Shooters – send a water blast as high as 460 ft (140 m) (added in 2005)

text: This fountain was the largest fountain in the world when it first opened but then surpassed by Dubai Bay fountain and Okada Manila in 2010 and 2017 respectively.

text: Conservatory and botanical gardens[edit]

text: The hotel also contains a Conservatory and Botanical Gardens. There are five seasonal themes that the Conservatory undergoes: Chinese New Year, spring, summer, fall, and winter.[13] From January to mid-March, the Conservatory celebrates the Chinese New Year with a display dominated by flowers bromeliads and Orchids, as well as the animal of that particular year that the Chinese zodiac celebrates. The theme then changes over to the spring display, which lasts until May, and usually features a butterfly house as well as many varieties of tropical flowers. During Memorial Day weekend, Bellagio then switches over to its all-American summer display, featuring a large recreation of the Liberty Bell, as well as several American flags throughout the Conservatory.

text: The summer display is usually very patriotic featuring a lot of red, white, and blue, and is dominated by hydrangeas. From late September until Thanksgiving weekend the Conservatory puts on its Autumn display featuring several varieties of chrysanthemum and several large pumpkins. After Thanksgiving the Conservatory switches to its winter holiday display, which is dominated by a large centerpiece Christmas Tree and several varieties of poinsettia. Throughout the year the colorful displays are decorated with many fragrant flowers and usually contain fountains.

text: The Conservatory is located next to the hotel's lobby and is open to the public.

text: Bellagio Gallery of Fine Art[edit]

text: In addition to the numerous works of art found throughout the public areas of the resort, Bellagio also houses a special exhibition space displaying art work on loan from various museums and private collections from around the world. Originally the space that displayed the personal art collection of Steve Wynn, the Bellagio Gallery of Fine Art has since become a rotating exhibition space after he sold his hotels in 2000. In the past, the Bellagio Gallery of Fine Art was located near the grand staircase in the Conservatory that Julia Roberts descended in the movie Ocean's Eleven, but was then moved to its larger current location along the pool promenade eight months after Bellagio opened to better accommodate larger crowds.[14]

text: Past exhibits at the Bellagio Gallery of Fine Art include:

text:
A Sense of Place: Landscapes from Monet to Hockney
Figuratively Speaking: A Survey of the Human Form
12 + 7: Artists and Architects of City Center
American Modernism
Classic Contemporary: Lichtenstein, Warhol, & Friends
In the Master’s Hand: Picasso’s Ceramics
Ansel Adams: America
The Impressionist Landscape: From Corot to Van Gogh
Monet: Masterworks From the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston
Treasures from Chatsworth: A British Noble House
Andy Warhol: The Celebrity Portraits
Faberge: Treasures From the Kremlin
Alexander Calder: The Art of Invention
Kindly Lent Their Owner: The Private Collection of Steve Martin
Impressionism: Art in Bloom

text: 2017 Fire[edit]

text: On April 13, 2017, a section of the shops at the Northern End of the Bellagio Fountains caught fire. This occurred at roughly 10:45 p.m. No one was hurt, and the fire was quickly put out. The fire was caused by a faulty exterior lighting system, and electricians and crew members are still working to find its exact cause.

text: Awards[edit]

text: Bellagio has won the AAA Five Diamond Award 15 years in a row, from 2000 to 2015; it was the first Strip hotel to receive the award ten or more times in a row.[15] Two of its restaurants, Picasso and Le Cirque, have also received the Five Diamond award.[15] The hotel is a member of The Leading Hotels of the World. In addition, Picasso has received two Michelin stars. Le Cirque and Michael Mina have each received one Michelin star. The resort is recognized on the Condé Nast Traveller Gold List as one of the "Top Hotels in the World".[16]

text: In popular culture[edit]

text: Bellagio serves as the central setting for the 2001 film Ocean's Eleven, in which a group of thieves conspire to rob its vault. In the film's second sequel, Ocean's Thirteen, two of the characters stand in front of Bellagio, reminiscing about Dunes, which had previously occupied the site.

text: Gallery[edit]

text:
Bellagio by day, front view

Bellagio and Caesars Palace

The Bellagio Fountains during the day

Bellagio Casino and Hotel at Night

The Fountains of Bellagio as seen from the Paris Las Vegas hotel, across the Strip from the Bellagio.

The Fountains at night, as seen from Paris Las Vegas

The Bellagio and nearby Caesars Palace, with the fountains in the foreground

Fiori di Como by Dale Chihuly in the hotel's lobby

A closer look at the glass flowers

Conference halls

Shops in the Bellagio


document_title: Consolidated Fund

question_text: what are the power for the authorization of expenditure from the consolidated revenue fund

text: Consolidated Fund

text: The British Consolidated Fund[edit]

text: Establishment[edit]

text: The British Consolidated Fund was so named as it consolidated together a number of existing accounts, detailed below, and facilitated proper parliamentary oversight of the spending of the executive; it was defined as "one fund into which shall flow every stream of public revenue and from which shall come the supply of every service".

text: The Treasury established this account, formerly known as The Account of Her Majesty's Exchequer, at the Bank of England where it remains to this day, and the legal term "Consolidated Fund" refers to the amount of credit held in this particular account. Under the Exchequer and Audit Departments Act 1866[1] most of the revenue from taxation, and all other money payable to the Exchequer, must be paid into the Consolidated Fund.

text: Earlier funds[edit]

text: The General Fund was established in 1617, the Aggregate Fund in 1715, the South Sea Fund in 1717. These funds were established in relation to specific government borrowing authorised by Parliament, which had a defined type of revenue appropriated to put towards the interest and repayment. That particular revenue would be paid into the fund related to the loan. For example, the South Sea Fund was related to the debts of the South Sea Company. The Aggregate Fund was paid all the hereditary revenues of the English (and later British) Crown, such as profits from the Crown Estate and the Royal Mail. The hereditary revenues of Scotland were paid into the Consolidated Fund from 1788 onwards.

text: From 1716 onwards the surplus of the first three funds, after the interest and principal payments, flowed into a fourth fund, the sinking fund. This was intended to be applied to the repayment of the national debt but was instead mainly used for day-to-day necessities. It was eventually placed into the hands of the National Debt Commissioners, and was abandoned in the 1820s.

text: In 1752, before the Consolidated Fund was formed, the debts owed to the three existing funds had themselves been consolidated, and became irredeemable (the principal would only be repaid if the government chose to do so). They, therefore, became annuities, paying an annual rate of interest of 3%, and known as consolidated annuities, or consols.

text: Ireland's consolidated fund[edit]

text: The Consolidated Fund Services of Great Britain and Ireland were merged by the Consolidated Fund Act 1816 into the single Consolidated Fund of the United Kingdom that exists to this day.

text: Payments into the fund[edit]

text: All tax revenue is paid into the fund unless Parliament has specifically provided otherwise by law.

text: Any money received by the government which is not taxation, and is not to be retained by the receiving department (for example, fines), is classed as a Consolidated Fund extra receipt (CFER). These are to be paid into the Consolidated Fund as soon as they are received.

text: Payments out of the fund[edit]

text: Appropriation Acts and Consolidated Fund Acts[edit]

text: Parliament gives statutory authority for the government to draw funds from the Consolidated Fund by Acts of Parliament known as Appropriation Acts and Consolidated Fund Acts. Funds are made available under the Acts only for a specified financial year, a concept known as annuality, although an individual Act can cover more than one financial year, listing separate amounts for each. Often a two-year period is covered by a Consolidated Fund Act, and roughly two or three are passed in each parliamentary year.

text: A Consolidated Fund (Appropriation) Bill is brought in and passed at the end of the parliamentary year before the Summer recess. When passed, this is known as the Appropriation Act, and allocates the monies from the Consolidated Fund to the purposes set out in the main annual departmental expenditure estimates (the annual government department budgets, known as Estimates).

text: In the interim period between the start of the financial year and the passing of the Appropriation Act, a process known as Votes on Account is used to grant to departments up to 45% of the amounts they were allocated in the preceding financial year. These Votes on Account, and any necessary changes to departmental budgets (Supplementary Estimates) are passed as Consolidated Fund Acts, normally twice each year in November and February. Additional funds may be requested at any time, and will either require an additional Consolidated Fund Act, or will be included within other legislation.

text: The preamble of these supply acts is different from that of most other Acts of Parliament. It currently reads:

text: Whereas the Commons of the United Kingdom in Parliament assembled have resolved to authorise the use of resources and the issue of sums out of the Consolidated Fund towards making good the supply which they have granted to Her Majesty in this Session of Parliament:—

text: Until a few years ago, an older form of wording was used:

text: Most Gracious Sovereign,

text: We, Your Majesty's most dutiful and loyal subjects, the Commons of the United Kingdom in Parliament assembled, towards making good the supply which we have cheerfully granted to Your Majesty in this Session of Parliament, have resolved to grant unto Your Majesty the sums hereinafter mentioned; and do therefore most humbly beseech Your Majesty that it may be enacted and be it enacted by the Queen's most Excellent Majesty, by and with the advice and consent of the Lords Spiritual and Temporal, and Commons, in this present Parliament assembled, and by the authority of the same, as follows:—

text: This follows the constitutional principle that the Crown (government) demands money, the House of Commons grants it, and the House of Lords assents to the grant. Since the Glorious Revolution of 1688 only once, in 1784, has the Commons refused to grant access to funds.

text: If money paid from the Consolidated Fund is not spent by the end of the financial year, it must be repaid to the fund. Grant-in-aid payments are however excluded from this rule.

text: Standing services[edit]

text: Certain expenditure is by law charged directly to the Consolidated Fund and is not subject to Parliament's annual budget process, ensuring a degree of independence of the government. Services funded in this way are known as Consolidated Fund Services and include judges' salaries, payments to the European Union, the Civil List payments, the salary of the Comptroller and Auditor General, and the expenses paid to returning officers at elections. In the case of the judges, this is to ensure the judicial independence introduced by the Act of Settlement 1701.

text: Other modern funds[edit]

text:
The National Loans Fund is the government's main borrowing and lending account. It is closely linked to the Consolidated Fund, which maintains a daily balance of zero by means of a transfer to or from the National Loans Fund.
The Exchange Equalisation Account is the government fund holding the UK's reserves of foreign currencies, gold, and special drawing rights. It can be used to manage the value of the pound sterling on international markets.
The National Insurance Fund is an account which holds the contributions of the National Insurance Scheme.
The Contingencies Fund is an account which may be used for urgent expenditure in anticipation that the money will be approved by Parliament, or for small payments that were not included in the year's budget estimates.[2]

text: Control of the fund[edit]

text: Comptroller[edit]

text: The comptroller (who is also auditor general and head of the National Audit Office) controls both the Consolidated Fund and the National Loans Fund. The full official title of the role is Comptroller General of the Receipt and Issue of Her Majesty's Exchequer.

text: The Comptroller must authorise each requisition request received by the Bank of England from the Treasury, to assure that the request is compliant with the amounts and purposes authorised by Parliament in statute. If funds are mistakenly paid into the Consolidated Fund then both the Comptroller and the Treasury must agree to its return.

text: Principal accountants[edit]

text: Payments can only be made from the Consolidated Fund to one of the principal accountants defined by law. These are the Paymaster-General, the Commissioners of Revenue and Customs, the National Debt Commissioners, and the Chief Cashier at the Bank of England.

text: Devolved government[edit]

text: Each of the devolved government consolidated funds is held in the name of the Paymaster General at the Bank of England.[3]

text: Scotland[edit]

text: The Westminster Parliament provides a sum of money annually to provide a budget for the Scottish Government and fund the operation of the Scottish Parliament and the salaries for judges of Scottish courts. This money is transferred from the UK Consolidated Fund into an account known as the Scottish Consolidated Fund.

text: If the income tax varying powers of the Scottish Parliament were to be used (the rate can be changed by plus or minus three percent), the additional revenue raised would be paid by the HM Revenue and Customs directly to the Scottish Consolidated Fund. If the tax is reduced, then the amount paid from the UK Consolidated Fund in that year would be correspondingly reduced.

text: Wales[edit]

text: There is also a Welsh Consolidated Fund to provide a budget for the Welsh National Assembly.

text: In addition to the budget provided to the Welsh Government, the expenditures of the Welsh National Assembly, the Auditor General for Wales, and the Public Services Ombudsman for Wales are also paid directly from the Welsh Consolidated Fund.

text: Payments are normally made from the fund following the passing in the Assembly of a budget motion or supplementary budget motion, proposed by the Welsh ministers. There are limited exceptions for emergency situations, a failure of the Assembly to pass a budget; in addition some payments are automatically authorised by law, such as the salaries of National Assembly officials.

text: The Auditor General has to authorise all payments out of the Welsh Consolidated Fund to the Welsh ministers, having checked that the expenditure has been approved by the National Assembly.

text: Northern Ireland[edit]

text: The Northern Ireland Consolidated Fund has existed since 1921.

text: Australia[edit]

text: The use of consolidated funds in Australian government dates back to colonial times. Today the Australian federal and state governments all maintain their own consolidated funds, with authorisation for payments required from the relevant parliament.

text: Commonwealth (Federal) Government[edit]

text: The Australian Government's Consolidated fund is known as the Consolidated Revenue Fund (CRF).

text: Payments into the Consolidated Revenue Fund[edit]

text: Section 81 of the Constitution of Australia provides that:

text: All revenues or moneys raised or received by the Executive Government of the Commonwealth shall form one Consolidated Revenue Fund (CRF), to be appropriated for the purposes of the Commonwealth in the manner and subject to the charges and liabilities imposed by this Constitution.

text: "Revenues or moneys raised or received" includes for instance taxes, fines, charges, levies, borrowings, loan repayments and money held in trust.

text: Section 81 gives no guidance as to how the revenues or monies that form the CRF are to be kept or accounted for, and in Australia, in apparent contrast to the British Consolidated Fund, there is no actual account into which the Commonwealth's revenues are deposited. Instead, the CRF is said to be "self‑executing" – that is, all money paid to the Commonwealth automatically forms part of the CRF, whether or not it has been credited to a fund or a bank account.

text: Payments out of the Consolidated Revenue Fund[edit]

text: Section 83 of the Australian Constitution provides that no money shall be drawn from the Treasury of the Commonwealth except under an appropriation made by law. The "Treasury of the Commonwealth" in Section 83 is held to be the same thing as the "Consolidated Revenue Fund" referred to in section 81, so taken together these two sections mean that there must be an appropriation for the purposes of the Commonwealth made by law before money may be drawn from the CRF. Just as all revenues and monies received form part of the CRF, all money drawn from the Treasury "self-executes" as drawings from the CRF.[4]

text: Section 83 was intended to both safeguard parliament’s control over government spending, and restrict that expenditure to purposes authorised by the constitution. Over the years the meaning of "for the purposes of the Commonwealth" has been broadened considerably. It has been the subject of several High Court battles, and remains in contention.[5]

text: New South Wales[edit]

text: Sections 39 and 40 of the Constitution of New South Wales require that all revenues, loans and other monies collected by the state are to be paid into a single consolidated fund. This was originally formed as the Consolidated Revenue Fund in 1855, and was merged with the state's General Loan Account to be named the Consolidated Fund from 1982.

text: India[edit]

text: The Indian government and each Indian state government maintain their own consolidated funds.

text: Article 266 of the Constitution of India requires revenues received by the Government of India to be paid to the Consolidated Fund of India. It also requires state revenues to be paid to a respective state consolidated fund.

text: The Comptroller and Auditor General of India audits these funds and reports to the relevant legislatures on their management.


document_title: List of Batman: The Animated Series episodes

question_text: batman the animated series season 1 episode 28

text: Series overview[edit]

text: SeasonEpisodesOriginally airedFirst airedLast aired165September 5, 1992 (1992-09-05)September 17, 1993 (1993-09-17)220May 2, 1994 (1994-05-02)September 15, 1995 (1995-09-15)

tag: table

text: Episodes[edit]

text: Note: This article lists the episodes in their DVD release order, rather than by their original air dates, because the original air dates were severely out of their production order.

text: Season One (1992–1993)[edit]

text: 65 episodes were produced for Season One, due to it being the minimum number of episodes necessary for a TV series to be successfully syndicated. 60 of these episodes were initially aired during the 1992–1993 television season, which ran from September 1992 to May 1993. The final five episodes of Season One were held back until September 1993.

text: Episodes 1 to 28 were released on DVD in the Batman: The Animated Series Volume One set; episodes 29 to 56 in the Volume Two set; and episodes 57 to 65 in Volume Three set.

text:
No. inseries

No. inseason

Title

Directed by

Written by

Original air date

Villain(s)
11"On Leather Wings"Kevin AltieriMitch BrianSeptember 6, 1992 (1992-09-06) (primetime)September 24, 1992 (1992-09-24) (weekday)Man-Bat
A mysterious bat-like creature terrorizes Gotham City, causing the police force to pursue Batman. The Dark Knight must find the real perpetrator to clear his name.
22"Christmas with the Joker"Kent ButterworthEddie GorodetskyNovember 13, 1992 (1992-11-13) (weekday)December 27, 1992 (1992-12-27) (primetime)The Joker
After escaping Arkham Asylum on Christmas Eve, the Joker takes over Gotham's airwaves and terrorizes the city for a crime. He challenges Batman and Robin to find his hidden TV studio and free his hostages – Commissioner Gordon, Detective Bullock and Summer Gleeson – before midnight.
33"Nothing to Fear"Boyd KirklandHenry T. Gilroy andSean Catherine DerekSeptember 15, 1992 (1992-09-15)The Scarecrow
Batman encounters the Scarecrow and attempts to foil his scheme to burn down Gotham University, but in the process is exposed to the Scarecrow's fear gas, and is forced to face his own guilt over the death of his parents.

Note: This episode introduced the popular line "I am vengeance. I am the night. I am Batman!"[1]
44"The Last Laugh"Kevin AltieriCarl SwensonSeptember 22, 1992 (1992-09-22)The Joker
The Joker covers Gotham City in a cloud of laughing gas and begins plundering the crazed city. But after Alfred is infected with the toxin, Batman has added incentive to stop the Joker and acquire an antidote from him before all of Gotham dies with a smile.
55"Pretty Poison"Boyd KirklandStory by : Paul Dini andMichael Reaves Teleplay by : Tom RueggerSeptember 14, 1992 (1992-09-14)Poison Ivy
When District Attorney Harvey Dent collapses after a meal with his fiancée Pamela Isley and friend Bruce Wayne, doctors discover that he has been poisoned. Batman must find the culprit and the antidote before the DA's time runs out.
66"The Underdwellers"Frank PaurStory by : Tom Ruegger Teleplay by : Jules Dennisand Richard MuellerOctober 21, 1992 (1992-10-21)Sewer King
Batman traces a series of bizarre robberies on the streets of Gotham back to a band of homeless children, who have been raised to do the bidding of their master, the Sewer King.
77"P.O.V."Kevin AltieriStory by : Mitch Brian Teleplay by : Sean Catherine Derekand Laren BrightSeptember 18, 1992 (1992-09-18)The Drug Lordand his Gangsters
A botched police operation results in the suspension of those involved: Officer Wilkes, Officer Montoya, and Detective Bullock. Confronted by their superiors, each of them is forced to tell their tale of what happened that night. The episode is similar in structure to Akira Kurosawa's film Rashomon.
88"The Forgotten"Boyd KirklandJules Dennis, Richard Muellerand Sean Catherine DerekOctober 8, 1992 (1992-10-08)Boss Biggisand his henchmen
While investigating the disappearances of Gotham's homeless in an undercover disguise, Bruce Wayne is kidnapped and imprisoned in a chain gang mining camp, suffering from amnesia. Alfred must thus track him down, help him escape, and free the rest of the prisoners.
99"Be a Clown"Frank PaurTed Pedersen and Steve HayesSeptember 16, 1992 (1992-09-16)The Joker
Mayor Hamilton Hill's miserable son, Jordan, becomes even sadder when his father uses his birthday party as a political gathering rather than a normal celebration, and ends up stowing away in the truck of the party clown hired by Hill for the party, whom he doesn't know is actually the Joker in disguise. It is now up to Batman, whom Mayor Hill distrusts, to rescue the boy before it is too late.
1010"Two-Face: Part 1"Kevin AltieriStory by : Alan Burnett Teleplay by : Randy RogelSeptember 25, 1992 (1992-09-25)Rupert Thorne
Mobster Rupert Thorne attempts to use Harvey Dent's secret split personality to blackmail him. But when Dent meets with Thorne at a chemical plant, "Big Bad Harv" takes over, and the resulting confrontation leads to an explosion that horribly scars half of Dent's face.
1111"Two-Face: Part 2"Kevin AltieriRandy RogelSeptember 28, 1992 (1992-09-28)Rupert Thorneand Two-Face
Harvey Dent, now calling himself Two-Face, resurfaces and starts robbing Rupert Thorne's illegal businesses, preparing for a final confrontation with the crime boss, and Batman must stop his former friend before he and Thorne kill each other.

Note: Batman's method of defeating Two-Face in this episode (using a case of coins) was later used in the climax of Batman Forever.
1212"It's Never Too Late"Boyd KirklandStory by : Tom Ruegger Teleplay by : Garin WolfSeptember 10, 1992 (1992-09-10) (weekday)January 17, 1993 (1993-01-17) (primetime)Rupert Thorneand Arnold Stromwell
A mob war between crime bosses Rupert Thorne and Arnold Stromwell is nearing its end, and comes to a climax when Stromwell is set up to be killed in an exploding restaurant by Thorne. Batman saves him at the last moment, and aided by Stromwell's brother (now a priest who lost his leg years before, an accident for which Stromwell carries a secret guilt), tries to persuade him to give up his life of crime and help the police bring Thorne down by testifying against him.
1313"I've Got Batman in My Basement"Frank PaurSam Graham and Chris HubbellSeptember 30, 1992 (1992-09-30)The Penguin
During a fight with Batman over a stolen Fabergé egg, the Penguin incapacitates Batman with poison gas. The Dark Knight is rescued by a teenage amateur detective named Sherman Grant and his friend Roberta, who hide Batman in Sherman's basement long enough for him to recover before the Penguin finds them.
1414"Heart of Ice"Bruce W. TimmPaul DiniSeptember 7, 1992 (1992-09-07)Mr. Freeze and Ferris Boyle
Bitter scientist Victor Fries, as Mr. Freeze, attacks several divisions of GothCorp, each time stealing a piece for a secret weapon he intends to build. Batman investigates the connections, and discovers that the start of Freeze's vendetta against GothCorp was a bitter falling out between Fries and GothCorp's CEO, Ferris Boyle (Mark Hamill), during which Boyle almost killed Fries (mutating him into Freeze) and presumably killed Fries' terminally ill wife, Nora. Batman must find a way to bring Boyle to justice before Freeze carries out his revenge.

Note: This episode won the series a 1993 Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Writing in an Animated Program.[2]
1515"The Cat and the Claw: Part 1"Kevin AltieriStory by : Sean Catherine Derekand Laren Bright September 5, 1992 (1992-09-05)Catwoman and Red Claw
Batman encounters a new cat burglar calling herself Catwoman, and around the same time, meets a woman named Selina Kyle (as Bruce Wayne), to whom he is visibly attracted. When Selina runs into trouble with a terrorist group known as The Red Claw, who want the mountain lion sanctuary she was trying to protect, she decides to take matters into her own hands and investigate.
1616"The Cat and the Claw: Part 2"Dick SebastStory by : Sean Catherine Derekand Laren Bright Teleplay by : Jules Dennisand Richard MuellerSeptember 12, 1992 (1992-09-12)Red Claw
The leader of the Red Claw group (known herself only as Red Claw) attacks a military train and steals a viral plague, which she intends to release in Gotham if she isn't paid a ransom, and Batman and Catwoman must put aside their differences and work together to stop Red Claw before it is too late.
1717"See No Evil"Dan RibaMartin PaskoFebruary 24, 1993 (1993-02-24)Lloyd Ventrix
Lloyd "Eddie" Ventrix is on the verge of losing his daughter, Kimberly, to his ex-wife, Helen, due to his past as a con artist. Determined not to lose Kimberly, Ventrix dons a suit, stolen from where he used to work while on parole, which grants the user invisibility but also becomes highly toxic, and poses as Kimberly's imaginary friend, Mojo, while stealing jewellery for her. Batman must solve the mystery crimes and stop Ventrix, despite the fact that he cannot even see him.

Note: Michael Gross, who provided the voice of Ventrix, later voiced Warren McGinnis in Batman Beyond.
1818"Beware the Gray Ghost"Boyd KirklandStory by : Dennis O'Flahertyand Tom Ruegger Teleplay by : Garin Wolfand Tom RueggerNovember 4, 1992 (1992-11-04)The Mad Bomber
Simon Trent, an actor best known for his past role as "The Gray Ghost", is on the verge of bankruptcy thanks to his declining career. To save himself, he sells off all of his Gray Ghost merchandise. Immediately afterwards, a series of crimes related to the old show begin to occur. Batman, having himself been inspired partly by the show to become the crimefighter he now is, goes to Trent for help, and they team up to put an end to the crimes, and also revive Trent's career.

Note: The Gray Ghost was voiced by Adam West, the star of the 1960s television show Batman.
1919"Prophecy of Doom"Frank PaurStory by : Dennis Marks Teleplay by : Sean Catherine DerekOctober 6, 1992 (1992-10-06)Nostromos and Lucus
Batman investigates a cult, called the Brotherhood, founded by the "mystic" Nostromos, after hearing about a number of stories from his colleagues about his ability to predict the future. Batman finds out that Nostromos is actually a con artist who was rigging near-fatal accidents to gain the confidence of Gotham's upper class citizens, and he must expose this ruse before it is too late.
2020"Feat of Clay: Part 1"Dick SebastStory by : Marv Wolfmanand Michael Reaves Teleplay by : Marv WolfmanSeptember 8, 1992 (1992-09-08)Roland Daggett
Bruce Wayne is framed for the attempted murder of Lucius Fox. The real perpetrator is an actor and master of disguise named Matt Hagen, who was disfigured in a car accident years ago. In order to keep his fame, he secretly started working for Roland Daggett, who provides him with a monthly supply of an addictive face cream known as Renuyu (a pun on "Renew You") that can temporarily reshape his face back to normal, and who wants to take Wayne Enterprises over for marketing expansion. For botching the murder, Hagen's supply is cut off, and when he breaks into Daggett's lab for more Renuyu, he pays the price dearly when Daggett's men drench his face in the formula and force him to swallow liters of it to avoid drowning. Meanwhile, Bruce Wayne is arrested and taken into custody, charged with the assault on Fox.
2121"Feat of Clay: Part 2"Kevin AltieriStory by : Marv Wolfmanand Michael Reaves Teleplay by : Michael ReavesSeptember 9, 1992 (1992-09-09)Clayface andRoland Daggett
Bruce Wayne is released from prison on bail. Hagen, as it turns out, survived the murder attempt on him, but at a high cost: the formula entered his body and soaked every single one of his cells, turning him into a shape-shifting mutant. With his newfound powers, Hagen, now calling himself Clayface, decides to take his revenge on Daggett and his men, and Batman must bring Daggett to justice and stop Clayface before innocent people are hurt.
2222"Joker's Favor"Boyd KirklandPaul DiniSeptember 11, 1992 (1992-09-11) (weekday)January 31, 1993 (1993-01-31) (primetime)The Joker and Harley Quinn
After a man named Charlie Collins curses at the Joker on the road for offensive driving, the Clown Prince of Crime corners him and intimidates him into doing him a "small favor". Two years pass, and the Joker finally decides how to use Charlie: to sneak a bomb into the Peregrinator's Club, where Commissioner Gordon is to give a speech at an award ceremony. Charlie, who merely has to open the door, is skeptical at first, but for the sake of his family, he reluctantly decides to obey.

Note: This episode features the debut appearance of the Joker's accomplice and love interest, Harley Quinn.
2323"Vendetta"Frank PaurMichael ReavesOctober 5, 1992 (1992-10-05)Killer Croc
Detective Bullock is arrested for kidnapping. Batman, who dislikes Bullock but nevertheless believes him to be a good man, investigates, and discovers the identity of the real criminal: Killer Croc, who harbors a vendetta against Bullock for capturing him once. Batman must clear Bullock's name before it is too late.
2424"Fear of Victory"Dick SebastSamuel Warren JosephSeptember 29, 1992 (1992-09-29)The Scarecrow
The Scarecrow invents a fear chemical that is activated by adrenaline. Then, he uses it to affect the outcome of athletic events. Whenever a single person becomes agitated, the fear chemical kicks in, turning his excitement to fear. The Scarecrow bets against the sports stars' teams as part of his criminal scheme to scare up some quick cash, and Batman and Robin must foil his plot.
2525"The Clock King"Kevin AltieriDavid WiseSeptember 21, 1992 (1992-09-21)Clock King
After his company goes bankrupt, Temple Fugate becomes the Clock King. Fugate sets out to seek his revenge against the man whom he blames for his misfortunes: Mayor Hamilton Hill. Fugate kidnaps Hill, intending to do away with him to accomplish his revenge. Batman must stop Fugate from carrying out his revenge and save the mayor's life.
2626"Appointment in Crime Alley"Boyd KirklandGerry ConwaySeptember 17, 1992 (1992-09-17)Roland Daggett
With the help of arsonists, Roland Daggett plans to destroy Crime Alley and use the land to expand his business empire.

Note: Based on the comic-book story "There Is No Hope in Crime Alley" (Detective Comics #457, March 1976) by Denny O'Neil and Dick Giordano.
2727"Mad as a Hatter"Frank PaurPaul DiniOctober 12, 1992 (1992-10-12)The Mad Hatter
Miserable Wayne Industries scientist Jervis Tetch is unable to pursue the girl he loves, Alice the secretary. When she splits up from her boyfriend, he makes an advance and develops a fast friendship with her, until her boyfriend reconciles with her and proposes to her. Enraged, Tetch decides to take matters into his own hands, and dons the mantle of the Mad Hatter, using his mind-control devices to force those who have wronged him all his life to become his mindless slaves.
2828"Dreams in Darkness"Dick SebastJudith & Garfield Reeves-StevensNovember 3, 1992 (1992-11-03) (weekday)December 20, 1992 (1992-12-20) (primetime)The Scarecrow
Batman is incarcerated in Arkham Asylum after being exposed to the Scarecrow's fear-inducing gas. Batman knows that the Scarecrow has escaped for the second time and is planning to poison Gotham's water supply with the same fear-inducing gas, and he must bring himself to break the law and escape from Arkham before the Scarecrow brings Gotham to its knees.
Notes:

Loosely based on "Batman: The Last Arkham" of Batman: Shadow of the Bat #1–4 by Alan Grant. This episode adapted the comic book story with the inclusion of the Scarecrow instead of Victor Zsasz and Dr. Bartholomew instead of Jeremiah Arkham.
The Scarecrow's scheme in this episode was similarly used by Ra's al Ghul (with assistance from the Scarecrow) in Batman Begins.
The Joker's real name is implied to be Jack Napier when Dr. Bartholomew, who thinks the patients' alter egos as supervillains are a product of Batman's fantasy, mentions it among the names Harvey Dent and Pamela Isley.

2929"Eternal Youth"Kevin AltieriBeth BornsteinSeptember 23, 1992 (1992-09-23)Poison Ivy
Several rich industrialists are invited to the Eternal Youth Health Spa, and that's where they are last seen before disappearing. The only connection: they had something to do with the death of plants. Bruce Wayne also receives an invitation (although it was one of his greedy directors who nearly made the deal to destroy a rainforest before Bruce forced him to shut the operation down), but Alfred and his "lady friend", Maggie, go in his place. When they do not return, Batman is forced to investigate, discovering that the spa is run by Poison Ivy, and that she has been using a formula to turn the industrialists into humanoid trees, including Alfred and Maggie.
3030"Perchance to Dream"Boyd KirklandStory by : Laren Brightand Michael Reaves Teleplay by : Joe R. LansdaleOctober 19, 1992 (1992-10-19) (weekday)March 14, 1993 (1993-03-14) (primetime)The Mad Hatter
Bruce Wayne wakes up one morning to find that his life is completely upside-down: his parents are alive, the Batcave does not exist, Alfred does not remember Robin, and he is engaged to Selina Kyle. However, it doesn't mean that Batman isn't still around, and Bruce starts to wonder what has happened, especially after seeing the characteristics of a dream (such as book and newspaper prints not making sense) inside this new life.
3131"The Cape and Cowl Conspiracy"Frank PaurElliot S. MagginOctober 14, 1992 (1992-10-14)Josiah Wormwood
Baron Jozek, furious at Batman for humiliating him at a dinner party (over Jozek's underworld connections), hires Josiah Wormwood, a master in setting traps for his victims, to hunt down Batman and bring back the hero's cape and cowl.

Note: Based on the comic-book story "The Cape and Cowl Death Trap!" from Detective Comics #450 August 1975, written by Elliot S. Maggin.
3232"Robin's Reckoning: Part 1"Dick SebastRandy RogelFebruary 7, 1993 (1993-02-07) (primetime)May 17, 1993 (1993-05-17) (weekday)Tony Zucco and Arnold Stromwell
During a fight with some gangsters at a construction yard, Batman and Robin learn the name of their boss: Billy Marin. While Robin looks forward to going up against Marin, Batman becomes distant, and after a falling out at the Batcave, Batman doesn't allow Robin to accompany him on the search for Marin. Robin investigates on the Batcomputer, and soon realizes that Billy Marin is not the boss' real name. Rather, it is an alias of Tony Zucco, the man who killed his parents (which Batman already knew, but chose not to tell Robin).
Notes:

The flashbacks to Robin's origin story is based on Detective Comics #June 38, 1940.
This episode won the 1993 Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Animated Program (for Programming Less Than One Hour).[2]

3333"Robin's Reckoning: Part 2"Dick SebastRandy RogelFebruary 14, 1993 (1993-02-14) (primetime)May 18, 1993 (1993-05-18) (weekday)Tony Zucco
Angered by Batman's deceit, Robin sets out to find Tony Zucco on his own, all the while plagued by the memories of his parents' death and how Bruce took him in as his own son. Eventually, Batman manages to find Zucco at an old amusement park, but breaks his leg during the fight. Robin finally arrives and prepares to kill Zucco in revenge.
3434"The Laughing Fish"Bruce W. TimmPaul DiniJanuary 10, 1993 (1993-01-10) (primetime)April 27, 1993 (1993-04-27) (weekday)The Joker and Harley Quinn
Joker creates a toxin that affects only fish, mutating them into Joker fish. Then, he targets innocent men who refuse to copyright his Joker fish. The Joker also captures Harvey Bullock, and Batman must rescue him and foil the Clown Prince of Crime's insane scheme.

Note: This episode is based on three Batman comics, blended together; "The Joker's Five-Way Revenge" from Batman #251 September 1973 by Denny O'Neil with art by Neal Adams, followed by "The Laughing Fish" and "Sign of the Joker!" from Detective Comics #475 and #476, of February/March 1978, both by writer Steve Englehart with art by Marshall Rogers.
3535"Night of the Ninja"Kevin AltieriSteve PerryOctober 26, 1992 (1992-10-26)Kyodai Ken
A mysterious ninja is robbing Wayne Enterprises subsidiaries, and Batman discovers that the ninja is actually his equal in combat. A grudge against Bruce Wayne and skills to match him can only mean one person: Kyodai Ken, an old rival of Wayne's teacher from his days in Japan, and who was thrown out of the dojo after attempting to rob it, only to be stopped by Wayne. Ken, it turns out, wants revenge.
3636"Cat Scratch Fever"Boyd KirklandStory by : Sean Catherine Derek Teleplay by : Buzz DixonNovember 5, 1992 (1992-11-05)Roland Daggett andProfessor Milo
Batman must stop Roland Daggett's plan to release a viral plague designed by Professor Milo into Gotham by way of its stray cat population. The case gains new urgency when Catwoman becomes infected with the virus during her search for her missing cat, Isis. Now, Batman must find an antidote to save the woman who loves him most.
3737"The Strange Secret of Bruce Wayne"Frank PaurStory by : David Wise Teleplay by : Judith & Garfield Reeves-StevensOctober 29, 1992 (1992-10-29) (weekday)February 28, 1993 (1993-02-28) (primetime)Hugo Strange, The Joker, Two-Face and The Penguin
After a prominent judge is injured during a struggle with some thugs demanding money from her in exchange for a strange tape, Bruce Wayne decides to take a trip to Yucca Springs, a resort where the judge had vacationed, and consult Dr. Hugo Strange, a psychiatrist. Bruce soon learns that Strange has invented a machine that extracts people's darkest secrets from their minds and transfers them to videotape — and now Strange has proof of Bruce's secret identity as Batman, and plans to auction it to three of Gotham's prominent crime bosses.
Note:

Based on the comic stories "The Dead Yet Live" and "I Am the Batman!" from Detective Comics #471 and #472, of August/September 1977 by Steve Englehart.
Dr. Strange's scheme in this episode was similarly used by the Riddler in Batman Forever.

3838"Heart of Steel: Part 1"Kevin AltieriBrynne StephensNovember 16, 1992 (1992-11-16)H.A.R.D.A.C.
Several robberies take place at major companies, including Wayne Enterprises, and Bruce Wayne, as Batman, discovers the thief to be a mechanical briefcase. Bruce meets with his old friend, Karl Rossum, an expert in robotics who lost his daughter to a vehicle accident years ago. He also meets Rossum's assistant, Randa Duane, and Rossum's ultimate creation: a prototype A.I. known as Holographic Analytical Reciprocating Digital Computer (H.A.R.D.A.C.) Bruce invites Duane to dinner, and around the same time, certain civilians start acting strangely. Most surprising is when Duane unexpectedly leaves Wayne Manor while Bruce is on the phone, and the entire Batcave turns on Batman.

Note: This episode marks the series' debut appearance of Barbara Gordon, not yet Batgirl.  All of Barbara's starring appearances were in episodes written by Brynne Stephens.
3939"Heart of Steel: Part 2"Kevin AltieriBrynne StephensNovember 17, 1992 (1992-11-17)H.A.R.D.A.C.
Batman manages to free himself from the Batcave's clutches, and brings it back under his control, although he fails to track Duane down. Barbara Gordon approaches Batman to inform him of her father's sudden change in behavior. A brutal fight between Batman and Detective Bullock ensues, during which Batman pushes Bullock onto the Bat Signal, and reveals him to actually be an android, meaning that the real Bullock and James Gordon have gone missing, and Batman knows who the culprit is: H.A.R.D.A.C. Batman must stop the evil supercomputer before it is too late.
4040"If You're So Smart, Why Aren't You Rich?"Eric RadomskiDavid WiseNovember 18, 1992 (1992-11-18) (weekday)January 3, 1993 (1993-01-03) (primetime)The Riddler
Edward Nygma creates the video game The Riddle of the Minotaur for the company Competitron, but is fired by his superior Daniel Mockridge, who wants the profits for himself. Nygma vows revenge, and takes up the mantle of the Riddler two years later. While Batman sympathizes with Nygma, he and Robin find themselves forced to stop him before he kills Mockridge in a life-sized version of the Minotaur maze. Despite successfully rescuing Mockridge, who complete a deal to move his company to Gotham, the incident leaves him in a permanent all-consuming fear of Nygma's return for revenge.
Note: This episode features the series' debut appearance of The Riddler.

Fun fact: When Robin is playing the Minotaur game on the Batcave computer, the majority of the sound effects heard from the game are actually from the NES game Super Mario Bros. 3.
4141"Joker's Wild"Boyd KirklandPaul DiniNovember 19, 1992 (1992-11-19)The Joker andCameron Kaiser
Cameron Kaiser builds a casino hotel modeled after the Joker, called "The Joker's Wild". The Joker sees this on the news and, enraged, escapes from Arkham again, with one thought on his mind: destroying the casino, unaware that this is exactly what Kaiser wants him to do as part of an insurance claim.
4242"Tyger Tyger"Frank PaurStory by : Michael Reavesand Randy Rogel Teleplay by : Cherie WilkersonOctober 30, 1992 (1992-10-30)Emile Dorian
Selina Kyle is kidnapped by the villainous genetic engineer Dr. Emile Dorian and becomes his latest experiment to provide his man-cat hybrid named Tygrus with a mate. Batman learns of this and comes to the island to rescue Selina. He is captured and forced into a deadly game of cat-and-flying mouse as Tygrus hunts Batman through the island's jungles.
4343"Moon of the Wolf"Dick SebastLen WeinNovember 11, 1992 (1992-11-11)The Werewolfand Professor Milo
Batman investigates the appearance of a werewolf-like creature in Gotham, not realizing that the monster happens to be one of Bruce Wayne's associates — Anthony Romulus, ex-Olympic champion. Behind the scheme is twisted chemist Professor Milo.

Note: Based on the comic story of the same name by writer Len Wein with art by Neal Adams, from Batman #255, April 1974.
4444"Day of the Samurai"Bruce W. TimmSteve PerryFebruary 23, 1993 (1993-02-23)Kyodai Ken
 Kyodai Ken kidnaps Kari, star pupil of Yoru Sensei, the martial arts instructor who taught both Kyodai and Bruce. The ninja's ransom for her is a scroll that teaches the location of the fabled Death Touch.
4545"Terror in the Sky"Boyd KirklandStory by : Steve Perryand Mark Saraceni Teleplay by : Mark SaraceniNovember 12, 1992 (1992-11-12)She-Bat
When a giant-sized bat ransacks Gotham harbor, Batman suspects that Dr. Kirk Langstrom is up to his old tricks, taking the Man-Bat formula again. Batman isn't the only one. Kirk's wife, Francine, is so distrustful of her husband that she decides to leave him. After further investigation, Batman discovers that this Man-Bat is not Kirk, but someone else, and thus he shames Francine's father into permanently destroying the formula.

Note: Loosely based on "Man-Bat Over Vegas", originally presented in Detective Comics #429, by Frank Robbins. The setting has been shifted from Las Vegas to Gotham Harbor, and in keeping with the family-friendly rating of the television show, She-Bat is not a vampire in the adaptation. The final line of the episode, "the nightmare's finally over", is similar to one of the final lines from the original comic, "Now Fran's vampire nightmare is about over".
4646"Almost Got 'Im"Eric RadomskiPaul DiniNovember 10, 1992 (1992-11-10)The Joker, Harley Quinn, Two-Face, Poison Ivy, Killer Croc and The Penguin
The Joker, Killer Croc, the Penguin, Two-Face, and Poison Ivy all meet at a poker table, each telling a tale of times when they almost defeated Batman. At the same time, Harley Quinn is about to kill Catwoman after she rescued Batman from the Joker's electric chair, and Batman must save her.
Notes:

Influenced by a four-issue story arc in Batman (1977) #291–294, entitled "Where Were You on the Night Batman Was Killed?". In each of the four issues, one of Catwoman, Riddler, and The Joker all recount their claims to have killed the Batman. However, the plot for "Almost Got 'Im" is quite different (six stories in the show, and four completely different ones in the comic book), with only the Joker as an overlapping antagonist.
Two-Face's strategy in "Almost Got 'Im" (strapping down Batman to a giant coin and flipping the coin in the air) was taken from the comic; World's Finest Comics #30, September 1947. In a back-up tale both Batman and Robin were tied to a giant penny that was catapulted onto spikes by a lesser known villain, the Penny Plunderer.

4747"Birds of a Feather"Frank PaurStory by : Chuck Menville Teleplay by : Brynne StephensFebruary 8, 1993 (1993-02-08)The Penguin
Veronica Vreeland is looking for a way to create a splash with her next party, and arrives at the idea of having a former criminal in attendance — especially if there is one whose manners would create a stir. The Penguin, who has recently reformed, fits the bill perfectly. In the process of convincing the Penguin to come to her party, Veronica finds she likes the corpulent little guy. For his part, the Penguin begins to fall in love with her, until he overhears that he is merely being used...
4848"What Is Reality?"Dick SebastMarty Isenberg and Robert N. SkirNovember 24, 1992 (1992-11-24) (weekday)March 7, 1993 (1993-03-07) (primetime)The Riddler
Seeking to prove once and for all that his is the superior mind, the Riddler lures Batman into a riddle-solving contest inside the virtual reality of a computer game in order to save Commissioner Gordon's life. In the course of solving the riddles and escaping the Riddler's traps, Batman learns that he is able to manipulate the virtual reality landscape much like the Riddler does.
4949"I Am the Night"Boyd KirklandMichael ReavesNovember 9, 1992 (1992-11-09) (weekday)December 13, 1992 (1992-12-13) (primetime)The Jazzman
On the anniversary of the death of Bruce's parents, Batman accompanies Leslie Thompkins to Crime Alley to place roses on the spot where they were gunned down. Meanwhile, Commissioner Gordon is on stakeout to arrest Jimmy "The Jazzman" Peake during a drug smuggling ring. Batman had promised to be there, but arrives late to find a gun battle going on. He helps defeat the gangsters and arrest the Jazzman, but at a high cost—Gordon is severely wounded. The incident traumatizes Batman and he contemplates giving up his crime-fighting career, despite the Jazzman escaping prison to carry out his personal vendetta against Gordon (who had sent him to prison six years before).
5050"Off Balance"Kevin AltieriLen WeinNovember 23, 1992 (1992-11-23)Count Vertigo and Talia
While following Count Vertigo's trail, Batman encounters  Talia, daughter of the head of the Society of Shadows, who was sent by her father to prevent the capture of a sonic drill that the Count stole. But after his identity is mistakenly revealed to Talia, Batman remains off-balance as to where her true loyalties lie.

Note: This episode is a direct adaptation of "Into the Den of the Death-Dealers" from Detective Comics #411, May 1971 by Denny O'Neil with art by Bob Brown. The story is famous for the first appearance of the character Talia al Ghul.
5151"The Man Who Killed Batman"Bruce W. TimmPaul DiniFebruary 1, 1993 (1993-02-01)The Joker, Harley Quinn and Rupert Thorne
When small-time gang member Sidney "The Squid" Debris (played by Matt Frewer) seemingly kills Batman by accident, he gets involved with gangs all over Gotham, as well as the Joker and Rupert Thorne, none of whom believe his story that everything that is happening is by preposterous happenstance.
5252"Mudslide"Eric RadomskiStory by : Alan Burnett Teleplay by : Steve PerrySeptember 15, 1993 (1993-09-15)Clayface
Clayface is falling apart, literally. His clay-like body is disintegrating. Fortunately, a scientist he knew from his movie star days is working on a remedy. However, Hagen is forced to steal money to pay for the expensive components of the remedy. That is, until one of his targets is Wayne Biomedical Labs...
5353"Paging the Crime Doctor"Frank PaurStory by : Mike W. Barrand Laren Bright Teleplay by : Randy Rogel& Martin PaskoSeptember 17, 1993 (1993-09-17)Rupert Thorne
Dr. Matthew Thorne (played by Joseph Campanella), losing his medical license and forced into becoming the crime doctor by his younger brother, crime boss Rupert Thorne, must perform delicate surgery on Rupert. He can't do it alone, and kidnaps Dr. Leslie Thompkins to assist. Batman discovers Leslie's disappearance, and rushes to track her down – and has an additional interest in Matthew, because he was a medical school classmate of Bruce Wayne's father Thomas.
5454"Zatanna"Dick Sebast and Dan RibaPaul DiniFebruary 2, 1993 (1993-02-02)Montague Kane
When the glamorous magician Zatanna is framed for a robbery during her act, Batman swings to her defense. Zatanna is grateful, though a little puzzled, by the Dark Knight's commitment to prove her innocence, but the two heroes unite and use the skills her father, Zatara, taught them to expose and combat the culprit: an evil illusionist named Montague Kane.
5555"The Mechanic"Kevin AltieriStory by : Steve Perry and Laren Bright Teleplay by : Randy RogelJanuary 24, 1993 (1993-01-24)The Penguin
Thanks to a freak accident during a high-speed chase, the Batmobile is virtually demolished. After Batman takes the car to his personal mechanic, Earl Cooper, the Penguin makes his move and tampers with the Batmobile, putting it under his control.

Note: The Penguin's scheme in this episode was similarly featured in Batman Returns.
5656"Harley and Ivy"Boyd KirklandPaul DiniJanuary 18, 1993 (1993-01-18)The Joker, Harley Quinnand Poison Ivy
When the Joker fires Harley, she tries going on a crime spree of her own, joining up with Poison Ivy, and the two become Gotham's Queens of Crime, much to the Joker's fury.
5757"Shadow of the Bat: Part 1"Frank PaurBrynne StephensSeptember 13, 1993 (1993-09-13)Two-Face, Rupert Thorneand Gil Mason
When Commissioner Gordon is framed for taking bribes from Rupert Thorne, his daughter Barbara pleads with Batman to show up at a rally being put on in the commissioner's behalf. But when Batman disappears after finding the person behind the frame-up, Barbara takes the law into her own hands as Batgirl.

Note: This episode marks the series' debut appearance of Barbara Gordon as Batgirl.
5858"Shadow of the Bat: Part 2"Frank PaurBrynne StephensSeptember 14, 1993 (1993-09-14)Two-Face and Gil Mason
Robin discovers that Gil Mason is in league with the underworld and goes to investigate him. He encounters Batgirl along the way, and go their separate ways to stop Mason. They then meet again to learn that Gil is working with Two-Face to take out Gordon, and have Batman (as Matches Malone) captured.
5959"Blind as a Bat"Dan RibaStory by : Mike Underwoodand Len Wein Teleplay by : Len WeinFebruary 22, 1993 (1993-02-22)The Penguin
The Penguin steals an experimental helicopter from an air show, causing an explosion that temporarily blinds Bruce Wayne. Batman knows he won't be able to wait until his vision returns to track the Penguin down, and he must find a way to do so without the use of his eyes.
6060"The Demon's Quest: Part 1"Kevin AltieriDennis O'NeilMay 3, 1993 (1993-05-03)Ra's al Ghul
When Robin is mysteriously abducted from his college campus, Batman begins a fruitless search... until he is astounded by the sudden appearance in the Batcave of Ra's al Ghul. Ra's quickly reveals that his daughter, Talia, has been abducted under circumstances similar to Robin's, suggesting that the same people are responsible. So begins an uneasy truce between Batman and 'The Demon'.

Note: A direct adaptation of "Daughter of the Demon" from Batman #232, June 1971, and "The Demon Lives Again" Batman #244, September 1972, both by Denny O'Neil and Neal Adams. Famous for introducing one of Batman's deadlier foes; Ra's al Ghul, father of Talia.
6161"The Demon's Quest: Part 2"Kevin AltieriStory by : Dennis O'Neil and Len Wein Teleplay by : Len WeinMay 4, 1993 (1993-05-04)Ra's al Ghul
After freeing Talia from her father's clutches and escaping from an avalanche, Batman and Robin follow the only clue they have – the word 'Orpheus'. After discovering that 'Orpheus' is Ra's private satellite that will orbit over the Sahara, the duo travel to the Demon's desert stronghold. There, Batman learns that the satellite is actually a weapon which will explosively destroy all the Lazarus Pits simultaneously throughout the world, destroying all the life that exists.

Note: A direct adaptation of "Daughter of the Demon" from Batman #232, June 1971, and "The Demon Lives Again" Batman #244, September 1972, both by Denny O'Neil and Neal Adams.
6262"His Silicon Soul"Boyd KirklandMarty Isenberg and Robert N. SkirNovember 20, 1992 (1992-11-20)H.A.R.D.A.C. andDuplicate Batman
When a Batman impersonator appears in Gotham City, the real Batman deduces that Karl Rossum is somehow involved and confronts the inventor. The other Batman, a duplicate, then shows up and a battle between the two takes place. After the duplicate Batman escapes, it begins its campaign to recreate H.A.R.D.A.C.'s goals of a robotic society.

Note: The anime series The Big O was partially inspired by this episode.
6363"Fire from Olympus"Dan RibaJudith & Garfield Reeves-StevensMay 24, 1993 (1993-05-24)Maxie Zeus
Believing himself to be the reincarnation of Zeus, Maxie Zeus steals an experimental weapon that the government developed. The mad man desires to use the weapon against the people of Gotham City and Batman must put a stop to Maxie's mad plan against the city he loves.
6464"Read My Lips"Boyd KirklandStory by : Alan Burnettand Michael Reaves Teleplay by : Joe R. LansdaleMay 10, 1993 (1993-05-10)The Ventriloquist
A brand-new gang has made its debut committing the slickest crimes ever, thanks to the gang leader, Scarface. It's up to Batman to stop Scarface and his "dummy", the Ventriloquist.
6565"The Worry Men"Frank PaurPaul DiniSeptember 16, 1993 (1993-09-16)The Mad Hatter
Wealthy socialite Veronica Vreeland returns from Central America, bringing tiny handmade dolls for all her friends. According to native legend, once placed under a pillow, the dolls do the sleeper's worrying for them. Unknown to Veronica or her guests, each of the dolls was made by the Mad Hatter, and contains a tiny microchip which plants hypnotic suggestions inside the sleepers' brains.

text: Season Two (1994–1995)[edit]

text: Because of the success the show was enjoying, while the 65 episodes of the first season were still airing, the Fox network executives ordered a second season of 20 more episodes. Season Two featured Robin more prominently, and most episodes were given the onscreen title The Adventures of Batman & Robin.

text: After airing five of the 20 episodes in May 1994, the network reduced the series to airing only weekly on Saturday mornings. Ten more episodes were broadcast in this format in September–November 1994 under the Adventures of Batman & Robin title. Once these fifteen episodes had premiered (the final five were held back until September 1995), the weekday slot was restored to include reruns of the entire series, with all previous episodes being shown under the new title for all remaining airings on Fox, as well as several VHS releases.

text: The entirety of Season Two was released on DVD as part of the Batman: The Animated Series Volume Three set alongside the final nine episodes of Season One.

text:
No. inseries

No. inseason

Title

Directed by

Written by

Original air date

Villain(s)
661"Sideshow"Boyd KirklandStory by : Michael Reaves Teleplay by : Michael Reavesand Brynne StephensMay 3, 1994 (1994-05-03)Killer Croc
En route to an upstate prison, Killer Croc escapes and leads Batman on a dangerous chase through the wilderness. After throwing Batman temporarily off his trail, the reptile-man takes refuge with a group of retired circus freaks, and convinces them to help him. When Batman arrives, Croc and the freaks band together to capture him.

Note: Loosely based on "A Vow from the Grave" by Denny O'Neil. This episode adapted the comic book story with the inclusion of a separate Killer Croc story.
672"A Bullet for Bullock"Frank PaurMichael ReavesSeptember 14, 1995 (1995-09-14)Vinnie the Shark
Someone has put a hit out on Gotham's toughest cop, Harvey Bullock. After surviving several near misses, Bullock realizes he has no choice but to ask his arch-rival Batman to help him discover who is behind the murder attempts. During their investigation, Bullock learns that his gruff and mean-spirited manner has created enemies in the unlikeliest of people.
Notes:

Based on the comic of the same name from Detective Comics #651, October 1992, by Chuck Dixon.
This episode won the 1996 Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Music Direction and Composition.

683"Trial"Dan RibaStory by : Paul Diniand Bruce W. Timm Teleplay by : Paul DiniMay 16, 1994 (1994-05-16)The Joker, Harley Quinn,Killer Croc,The Mad Hatter,Poison Ivy, The Riddler,The Scarecrow,Two-Face andThe Ventriloquist
Gotham's new DA, Janet Van Dorn, is out to capture Batman, but both she and him end up captured by some of Batman's main enemies instead. They are soon put on a kangaroo trial by the Joker (the judge), Two-Face (the prosecutor), the Ventriloquist (the bailiff), Poison Ivy, Harley Quinn, the Mad Hatter, Killer Croc, the Scarecrow, and the Riddler (the jury), in front of other criminals held at Arkham. If the defense (Batman and the D.A.) can prove that Batman is not the cause for everyone's turn to crime, they will be set free. When the jury gives the verdict of 'not guilty', the villains have little intention of following through on their deal...

Notes: Henry Polic II, the Scarecrow's voice actor, was recuperating from throat surgery during the episode's production, so his character has no dialogue in it. Also, Van Dorn mentions in this episode that Harley Quinn was once a doctor at Arkham before the Joker corrupted her mind; backstory which is later shown in The New Batman Adventures episode "Mad Love".
694"Avatar"Kevin AltieriMichael ReavesMay 9, 1994 (1994-05-09)Ra's al Ghul and Thoth Khepera
A mystic Egyptian scroll donated to the Gotham museum by Bruce Wayne is stolen by Ra's al Ghul, and Batman and Talia must join forces to prevent the power-mad Ra's from unlocking the scroll's secrets of life and death. Their quest takes them to a hidden temple deep beneath the Egyptian desert. There, the Dark Knight is forced into a terrifying battle with an ancient Egyptian sorceress.
705"House & Garden"Boyd KirklandPaul DiniMay 2, 1994 (1994-05-02)Poison Ivy
Not only has Poison Ivy been released from Arkham Asylum, but she's also married to her doctor and settled down to help him raise his two sons. It would appear that Ivy has gone straight and that her old days as a criminal are over. But wealthy bachelors are being struck down by an unknown toxin, leaving Batman to question Ivy's innocence.
716"The Terrible Trio"Frank PaurStory by : Alan Burnettand Michael Reaves Teleplay by : Michael ReavesSeptember 11, 1995 (1995-09-11)The Terrible Trio
Three wealthy, bored friends of Bruce Wayne decide to seek new thrills by becoming master criminals. As the Fox, the Shark and the Vulture (masters of land, sea and air), the Terrible Trio pick Gotham clean, until they encounter one person who cannot be bought off — Batman.
727"Harlequinade"Kevin AltieriPaul DiniMay 23, 1994 (1994-05-23)The Joker, Boxy Bennett and Harley Quinn
The Joker steals an atomic bomb, and it is up to Batman and Robin to find and stop him. Since there is no time to spare, the duo enlist the help of Harley Quinn to track Joker down. Throughout the episode, it is briefly discussed how Harley met Joker.
738"Time Out of Joint"Dan RibaStory by : Alan Burnett Teleplay by : Steve PerryOctober 8, 1994 (1994-10-08)Clock King
The Clock King returns to continue his vendetta against Mayor Hill. This time, the time-obsessed criminal hopes to murder Hill with the help of a stolen invention that allows him to warp time and travel at super-speed. Securing another device from its creator, Batman and Robin take on the Clock King in a furious high-speed battle for the mayor's life.
749"Catwalk"Boyd KirklandPaul DiniSeptember 13, 1995 (1995-09-13)Catwoman andThe Ventriloquist
Anxious to take up her old ways as Catwoman, Selina Kyle joins forces with the Ventriloquist to humiliate socialite Veronica Vreeland. But the real victim is Catwoman herself, who has been secretly set up by Scarface to take the fall for another robbery. Batman has to intercede before the furious feline makes things worse by killing the double-talking Ventriloquist.
7510"Bane"Kevin AltieriMitch BrianSeptember 10, 1994 (1994-09-10)Bane, Killer CrocCandice and Rupert Thorne
Batman comes face-to-face with his most powerful adversary yet: the chemically-enhanced assassin Bane. Originally hired by Rupert Thorne to kill Batman, Bane plans on taking control of Thorne's criminal empire once Batman is destroyed. It is a fight to the death with all of Gotham in the balance, as Batman takes on the man who has vowed to break the Bat.
7611"Baby-Doll"Dan RibaPaul DiniOctober 1, 1994 (1994-10-01)Baby-Doll
A washed-up actress named Mary Dahl has become bitter and insane after falling into obscurity and suffering from a disorder that prevents her body from growing to adulthood, thus biologically cursed with literal eternal youth. She kidnaps her TV family co-stars, who all led much happier lives and more successful careers than her, and holds them prisoner on the abandoned soundstage of her old show. While Robin works fast to free the actors from Baby-Doll's explosive death-trap, Batman pursues the tiny fiend through a deadly carnival funhouse.
7712"The Lion andthe Unicorn"Boyd KirklandDiane Duane,Peter Morwoodand Steve PerrySeptember 15, 1995 (1995-09-15)Red Claw
The Red Claw organization kidnaps Alfred, seeking a code they need to arm a weapon of mass destruction that Alfred knows from his days as a British secret agent.
7813"Showdown"Kevin AltieriStory by : Kevin Altieri,Paul Dini andBruce W. Timm Teleplay by : Joe R. LansdaleSeptember 12, 1995 (1995-09-12)Ra's al Ghul and Arcady Duvall
Ra's al Ghul narrates a story from his past in which Jonah Hex stops his plan to destroy the transcontinental railroad being completed in 1883, by using a war blimp.
7914"Riddler's Reform"Dan RibaStory by : Alan Burnett, Paul Diniand Randy Rogel Teleplay by : Randy RogelSeptember 24, 1994 (1994-09-24)The Riddler
The Riddler is hired to work for a toy company, vowing to turn over a new leaf. But Batman refuses to believe he has changed, and he suspects that the Riddler is still obsessed with outsmarting and defeating him. Now, the Dark Knight must prove that Riddler is still a criminal at heart and send him back to Arkham.
8015"Second Chance"Boyd KirklandStory by : Paul Diniand Michael Reaves Teleplay by : Gerry ConwaySeptember 17, 1994 (1994-09-17)Two-Face, The Penguinand Rupert Thorne
Just before he is to undergo the operation that will restore his sanity, Harvey Dent is kidnapped by a mysterious villain. Batman and Robin split up to nab the criminal behind the scheme to abduct the Dark Knight's old friend. They suspect that either the Penguin or Rupert Thorne may be behind the kidnapping.
8116"Harley's Holiday"Kevin AltieriPaul DiniOctober 15, 1994 (1994-10-15)Harley Quinn andBoxy Bennett
Harley Quinn is released back into society, after being declared sane at Arkham Asylum. A misunderstanding at a clothing store, however, causes a snowball of comedic chaos to build around her.
8217"Lock-Up"Dan RibaStory by : Paul Dini Teleplay by : Marty Isenbergand Robert N. SkirNovember 19, 1994 (1994-11-19)Lock-Up
Lyle Bolton, the new head of security at Arkham, is fired for his atrocious mistreatment of the inmates. Six months later, Bolton becomes the vigilante Lock-Up, and decides to put who he feels responsible for the ruin of the city behind bars. It's up to Batman and Robin to save his victims.
8318"Make 'Em Laugh"Boyd KirklandPaul Dini and Randy RogelNovember 5, 1994 (1994-11-05)The Joker, Condiment King,Pack Rat, Mighty Mom andThe Mad Hatter
Using microchips stolen from the Mad Hatter, the Joker brainwashes famous comedians into committing crazy crimes in order to ruin their reputations. As it turns out, the comedians are the judges who tossed the Joker out of the Gotham Comedy Competition the year before. Now, the Clown Prince of Crime wants to seek his revenge, and Batman and Robin must foil the Joker's plot.
8419"Deep Freeze"Kevin AltieriStory by : Paul Diniand Bruce W. Timm Teleplay by : Paul DiniNovember 26, 1994 (1994-11-26)Mr. Freeze andGrant Walker
Mr. Freeze is sprung from Arkham by aging billionaire Grant Walker, who is looking to freeze the world and recreate it according to his own design. Batman and Robin infiltrate the billionaire's underwater city and combat both high-tech robots and Mr. Freeze himself, who has decided to do Walker's bidding and cover the earth in a new ice age.
8520"Batgirl Returns"Dan RibaMichael Reaves andBrynne StephensNovember 12, 1994 (1994-11-12)Catwoman andRoland Daggett
While Bruce is in Europe on a Wayne Enterprises business trip, the theft of a jade cat statue occurs at Gotham State University. Barbara Gordon again becomes Batgirl to investigate, only to run into Catwoman, who is also investigating, pointing out that the acid residue used to destroy the security system is not her style. The two team up to find the statue, with Robin tailing them, and things go from bad to worse when Roland Daggett is revealed to be involved.


question_text: who is the all time leading scorer in the premier league

text: Since the Premier League's formation at the start of the 1992–93 season, 28 players have managed to accrue 100 or more goals in the competition.

text: During the 1995–96 season, Alan Shearer became the first player to score 100 Premier League goals, and holds the record for the fewest games taken to reach 100, doing so in 124 appearances. He also holds the record for most goals scored in the Premier League.[1][2] After Shearer, Harry Kane is the second-fastest to 100 goals, doing so in 141 games.[3]

text: Players[edit]

text:
List of Premier League players with 100 or more goals
As of 30 October 2018. Sources:[4][5]

Rank

Nat.

Player

Premier League club(s)

Goals

Played

Ratio

1

 England

Alan Shearer

Blackburn Rovers, Newcastle United

260

441

0.59

2

 England

Wayne Rooney

Everton, Manchester United

208

494

0.42

3

 England

Andy Cole

Newcastle United, Manchester United, Blackburn Rovers, Fulham, Manchester City, Portsmouth

187

414

0.45

4

 England

Frank Lampard

West Ham United, Chelsea, Manchester City

177

609

0.29

5

 France

Thierry Henry

Arsenal

175

258

0.68

6

 England

Robbie Fowler

Liverpool, Leeds United, Manchester City

163

379

0.43

7

 England

Jermain Defoe

West Ham United, Portsmouth, Tottenham Hotspur, Sunderland, Bournemouth

162

492

0.33

9

 England

Michael Owen

Liverpool, Newcastle United, Manchester United, Stoke City

150

326

0.46

10

 England

Les Ferdinand

Queens Park Rangers, Newcastle United, Tottenham Hotspur, West Ham United, Leicester City, Bolton Wanderers

149

351

0.42

8

 Argentina

Sergio Agüero

Manchester City

150

218

0.69

11

 England

Teddy Sheringham

Nottingham Forest, Tottenham Hotspur, Manchester United, Portsmouth, West Ham United

146

418

0.35

12

 Netherlands

Robin van Persie

Arsenal, Manchester United

144

280

0.51

13

 Netherlands

Jimmy Floyd Hasselbaink

Leeds United, Chelsea, Middlesbrough, Charlton Athletic

127

288

0.44

14

 Republic of Ireland

Robbie Keane

Coventry City, Leeds United, Tottenham Hotspur, Liverpool, West Ham United, Aston Villa

126

349

0.36

15

 France

Nicolas Anelka

Arsenal, Liverpool, Manchester City, Bolton Wanderers, Chelsea, West Bromwich Albion

125

364

0.34

16

 Trinidad and Tobago

Dwight Yorke

Aston Villa, Manchester United, Blackburn Rovers, Birmingham City, Sunderland

123

375

0.33

17

 England

Steven Gerrard

Liverpool

120

504

0.24

18

 England

Ian Wright

Arsenal, West Ham United

113

213

0.53

 England

Harry Kane

Tottenham Hotspur, Norwich City

163

0.69

20

 England

Dion Dublin

Manchester United, Coventry City, Aston Villa

111

312

0.36

21

 England

Emile Heskey

Leicester City, Liverpool, Birmingham City, Wigan Athletic, Aston Villa

110

516

0.21

22

 Wales

Ryan Giggs

Manchester United

109

632

0.17

23

 England

Peter Crouch

Aston Villa, Southampton, Liverpool, Portsmouth, Tottenham Hotspur, Stoke City

108

462

0.23

24

 England

Paul Scholes

Manchester United

107

499

0.21

25

 England

Darren Bent

Ipswich Town, Charlton Athletic, Tottenham Hotspur, Sunderland, Aston Villa, Fulham

106

276

0.38

26

 Belgium

Romelu Lukaku

Chelsea, West Bromwich Albion, Everton, Manchester United

105

227

0.46

27

 Ivory Coast

Didier Drogba

Chelsea

104

254

0.41

28

 England

Matt Le Tissier

Southampton

100

270

0.37

Italics show players still playing professional football; Bold shows players still playing in the Premier League.[4]


document_title: List of NBA players with most championships

question_text: who has the most nba rings still playing

text: List[edit]

text:
Pos
G
Guard
F
Forward
C
Center

*
Denotes players who have been inducted to the Basketball Hall of Fame

^
Denotes players who are currently active in the NBA

text:
Rank
Player
Pos
Seasons played
Total won
Championship teams
Ref.

1
Russell, BillBill Russell*
C
13
11
Boston Celtics (1957, 1959, 1960, 1961, 1962, 1963, 1964, 1965, 1966, 1968, 1969)
[26]

2
Jones, SamSam Jones*
G
12
10
Boston Celtics (1959, 1960, 1961, 1962, 1963, 1964, 1965, 1966, 1968, 1969)
[9]

3
Heinsohn, TomTom Heinsohn*[a]
F/C
9
8
Boston Celtics (1957, 1959, 1960, 1961, 1962, 1963, 1964, 1965)
[10]

Jones, K. C.K. C. Jones*[b]
G
9
8
Boston Celtics (1959, 1960, 1961, 1962, 1963, 1964, 1965, 1966)
[11]

Sanders, Tom "Satch"Tom "Satch" Sanders*[c]
F
13
8
Boston Celtics (1961, 1962, 1963, 1964, 1965, 1966, 1968, 1969)
[12]

Havlicek, JohnJohn Havlicek*
F/G
16
8
Boston Celtics (1963, 1964, 1965, 1966, 1968, 1969, 1974, 1976)
[13]

7
Loscutoff, JimJim Loscutoff
F
9
7
Boston Celtics (1957, 1959, 1960[d], 1961, 1962, 1963, 1964)
[14]

Ramsey, FrankFrank Ramsey*
F/G
9
7
Boston Celtics (1957, 1959, 1960, 1961, 1962, 1963, 1964)
[15]

Horry, RobertRobert Horry
F
16
7
Houston Rockets (1994, 1995)
Los Angeles Lakers (2000, 2001, 2002)
San Antonio Spurs (2005, 2007)
[16]

10
Cousy, BobBob Cousy*
G
14
6
Boston Celtics (1957, 1959, 1960, 1961, 1962, 1963)
[17]

Abdul-Jabbar, KareemKareem Abdul-Jabbar* (formerly Lew Alcindor)[e]
C
20
6
Milwaukee Bucks (1971)
Los Angeles Lakers (1980, 1982, 1985, 1987, 1988)
[18]

Jordan, MichaelMichael Jordan*
G
15
6
Chicago Bulls (1991, 1992, 1993, 1996, 1997, 1998)
[19]

Pippen, ScottieScottie Pippen*
F
17
6
Chicago Bulls (1991, 1992, 1993, 1996, 1997, 1998)
[20]

14
Mikan, GeorgeGeorge Mikan*
C
7
5
Minneapolis Lakers (1949, 1950, 1952, 1953, 1954)
[27]

Pollard, JimJim Pollard*
F/C
7
5
Minneapolis Lakers (1949, 1950, 1952, 1953, 1954)
[28]

Martin, SlaterSlater Martin*
G
11
5
Minneapolis Lakers (1950, 1952, 1953, 1954)
St. Louis Hawks (1958)
[29]

Siegfried, LarryLarry Siegfried
F
9
5
Boston Celtics (1964, 1965, 1966, 1968, 1969)
[30]

Nelson, DonDon Nelson*
G
14
5
Boston Celtics (1966, 1968, 1969, 1974, 1976)
[31]

Cooper, MichaelMichael Cooper
G/F
12
5
Los Angeles Lakers (1980, 1982, 1985, 1987, 1988)
[32]

Johnson, Earvin "Magic"Earvin "Magic" Johnson*
G
13
5
Los Angeles Lakers (1980, 1982, 1985, 1987, 1988)
[33]

Rodman, DennisDennis Rodman*
F
14
5
Detroit Pistons (1989, 1990)
Chicago Bulls (1996, 1997, 1998)
[34]

Harper, RonRon Harper
G
15
5
Chicago Bulls (1996, 1997, 1998)
Los Angeles Lakers (2000, 2001)
[35]

Kerr, SteveSteve Kerr[g]
G
15
5
Chicago Bulls (1996, 1997, 1998)
San Antonio Spurs (1999, 2003)
[25]

Bryant, KobeKobe Bryant
G
20
5
Los Angeles Lakers (2000, 2001, 2002, 2009, 2010)
[36]

Fisher, DerekDerek Fisher
G
18
5
Los Angeles Lakers (2000, 2001, 2002, 2009, 2010)
[37]

Duncan, TimTim Duncan
F/C
19
5
San Antonio Spurs (1999, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2014)
[38]

27
Mikkelsen, VernVern Mikkelsen*
F/C
10
4
Minneapolis Lakers (1950, 1952, 1953, 1954)
[39]

Saul, FrankFrank Saul
G/F
6
4
Rochester Royals (1951)
Minneapolis Lakers (1952, 1953, 1954)
[24]

Sharman, BillBill Sharman*[h]
G
11
4
Boston Celtics (1957, 1959, 1960, 1961)
[40]

Wilkes, JamaalJamaal Wilkes*
G/F
12
4
Golden State Warriors (1975)
Los Angeles Lakers (1980, 1982, 1985[f])
[41]

Rambis, KurtKurt Rambis
F
14
4
Los Angeles Lakers (1982, 1985, 1987, 1988)
[42]

Parish, RobertRobert Parish*
C
21
4
Boston Celtics (1981, 1984, 1986)
Chicago Bulls (1997)
[43]

Perdue, WillWill Perdue
C
13
4
Chicago Bulls (1991, 1992, 1993)
San Antonio Spurs (1999)
[44]

Salley, JohnJohn Salley
F/C
11
4
Detroit Pistons (1989, 1990)
Chicago Bulls (1996)
Los Angeles Lakers (2000)
[22]

Grant, HoraceHorace Grant
F/C
17
4
Chicago Bulls (1991, 1992, 1993)
Los Angeles Lakers (2001)
[45]

O'Neal, ShaquilleShaquille O'Neal*
C
19
4
Los Angeles Lakers (2000, 2001, 2002)
Miami Heat (2006)
[46]

Ginóbili, ManuManu Ginóbili^
G
14
4
San Antonio Spurs (2003, 2005, 2007, 2014)
[47]

Parker, TonyTony Parker^
G
15
4
San Antonio Spurs (2003, 2005, 2007, 2014)
[48]