document_title: Mulan (1998 film)

question_text: who does the voice of shang in mulan

question_tokens: who does the voice of shang in mulan

text: Mulan (1998 film)

text: Plot

text: The film begins with a soldier walking through the Great Wall, when a falcon named Hayabusa knocks off his helmet. After the Huns, who are led by the ruthless Shan Yu, invade Han China by breaching the Great Wall, the Chinese emperor orders a general mobilization. Conscription notices require one man from each family to join the Chinese army.

text: When Fa Mulan hears that her elderly father Fa Zhou, the only man in their family and an army veteran, is once more to go to war, she becomes anxious and apprehensive due to his weakening health. Taking her father's old armor, she disguises herself as a man, so that she can enlist instead of her parent. The anxious family quickly learn of her departure and Grandmother Fa prays to the family ancestors for Mulan's safety. The ancestors then order their "Great Stone Dragon" to protect Mulan.

text: A small dragon named Mushu is sent to awaken the Stone Dragon, but accidentally destroys it in the process. Mushu conceals this from the ancestors and resolves to protect Mulan himself.

text: Reporting to the training camp, Mulan is able to pass as a man, although her military skills are initially inexperienced. Mushu provides clumsy guidance to Mulan on how to behave like a man. Under the command of Captain Li Shang, she and her fellow recruits Yao, Ling, and Chien-Po, gradually become trained warriors. Desiring to see Mulan succeed, Mushu creates a fake order from Shang's father, General Li, ordering Shang to follow the main Imperial Army into the mountains. The reinforcements set out, but arrive at a burnt-out encampment and discover that General Li and his troops have been massacred by the Huns.

text: As the reinforcements solemnly leave the mountains, they are ambushed by the Huns, but Mulan cleverly uses a cannon to cause an avalanche, which buries most of the invaders. An enraged Shan Yu slashes her in the chest, and her deception is revealed when the wound is bandaged.

text: Instead of executing Mulan as the law requires, Shang spares her life, but nonetheless expels her from the army. Mulan is left to follow alone as the recruits depart for the Imperial City to report the news of the Huns' destruction. However, it is revealed that several Hun warriors, including Shan Yu have survived the avalanche, and Mulan catches sight of them as they make their way to the City, intent on capturing the Emperor.

text: At the Imperial City, Mulan is unable to convince Shang about Shan Yu's intentions. The Huns capture the Emperor, then seize the palace. With Mulan's help, Yao, Ling, and Chien-Po pose as concubines, and are able to enter the palace. With the help of Shang, they defeat Shan Yu's men; as Shang prevents Shan Yu from assassinating the Emperor, Mulan lures the Hun leader onto the roof where she engages him in single combat. Meanwhile, acting on Mulan's instructions and signal, Mushu fires a huge skyrocket at Shan Yu. The rocket strikes and propels him into a fireworks launching tower, where he dies in the resulting explosion.

text: Mulan is praised by the Emperor and the assembled inhabitants of the city, who bow to her in an unprecedented honor. While she accepts the crest of the Emperor and the sword of Shan Yu as gifts, she politely declines his offer to be his advisor, and asks to return to her family.

text: Mulan returns home and presents these gifts to her father, who is more overjoyed to have Mulan back safely. Having become enamored with Mulan, Shang soon arrives under the pretext of returning her helmet, but accepts the family's invitation to stay for dinner. Mushu is granted a position as a Fa family guardian by the ancestors amid a returning celebration.

text: Cast

text:
Ming-Na Wen as Mulan (singing voice provided by Lea Salonga)
Eddie Murphy as Mushu
B. D. Wong as Captain Li Shang (singing voice provided by Donny Osmond)
Miguel Ferrer as Shan Yu
June Foray as Grandmother Fa (singing voice provided by Marni Nixon)
Harvey Fierstein as Yao
Gedde Watanabe as Ling (singing voice provided by Matthew Wilder)
Jerry Tondo as Chien-Po
James Hong as Chi-Fu
Soon-Tek Oh as Fa Zhou
Pat Morita as The Emperor of China
George Takei as First Ancestor
Miriam Margolyes as The Matchmaker
Freda Foh Shen as Fa Li
James Shigeta as General Li
Frank Welker as Cri-Kee and Khan (Mulan's horse)
Chris Sanders as Little Brother (Mulan's dog)
Mary Kay Bergman as various ancestors

text: Kelly Chen, Coco Lee and Xu Qing voiced Mulan in the Cantonese, Taiwanese Mandarin and Mainland standard versions of the film respectively, while Jackie Chan provided the voice of Li Shang in all three Chinese versions and appeared in the version of promotional music videos of "I'll Make a Man Out of You".

text: Production

text: Development

text: In 1989, Walt Disney Feature Animation Florida had opened with 40 to 50 employees,[3] with its original purpose to produce cartoon shorts and featurettes.[4] However, by late 1993, following several animation duties on Beauty and the Beast, Aladdin, and The Lion King, Disney executives were convinced to allow the Feature Animation Florida studios to produce their first independent film.[5] Around that same time, Disney Feature Animation developed an interest into Asian-themed legends beginning with the optioning several books by children's book author Robert D. San Souci who had a consulting relationship with Disney executive Jay Dyer.[6] Around that same time, a short straight-to-video film titled China Doll about an oppressed and miserable Chinese girl who is whisked away by a British Prince Charming to happiness in the West was in development. Thomas Schumacher asked Souci if he had any additional stories, in which Souci turned in a manuscript of a book based on the Chinese poem "The Song of Fa Mu Lan". Ultimately, Disney decided to combine the two separate projects.[7][8]

text: Following the opening of the Feature Animation Florida studios, Barry Cook, who had served as a special-effects animator department since 1982,[9] had directed the Roger Rabbit cartoon Trail Mix-Up produced at the satellite studio. Upon a lunch invitation with Thomas Schumacher, Cook was offered two projects in development: a Scottish folk tale with a dragon or Mulan. Knowledgeable about the existence of dragons in Chinese mythology, Cook suggested adding a dragon to Mulan, in which a week later, Schumacher urged Cook to drop the Scottish project and accept Mulan as his next project.[10] Following this, Cook was immediately assigned as the initial director of the project,[11] and cited influences from Charlie Chaplin and David Lean during production.[12] While working as a supervising animator on the gargoyles on The Hunchback of Notre Dame, Tony Bancroft was offered to co-direct the film following a recommendation from Rob Minkoff, co-director of The Lion King, to Schumacher, in which he accepted,[13] and joined the creative team by early 1995.[14]

text: Development for Mulan began in 1994, after the production team sent a select group of artistic supervisors to China for three weeks to take photographs and drawings of local landmarks for inspiration; and to soak up local culture.[15] Key members of the creative team at the time – Pam Coats, Barry Cook, Ric Sluiter, Robert Walker, and Mark Henn – were invited to travel to China as a research trip to study the landscape, people, and history of the original legend. From June 17 to July 2, 1994, the research trip flew to Beijing, China, which is where Pam Coats became inspired by the placement of flags on the Great Wall, Datong, Luoyang, Xi'an, Jiayuguan, Dunhuang, and Guilin.[16]

text: Writing

text: In its earliest stages, the story was originally conceived as a Tootsie-like romantic comedy film where Mulan, who was a misfit tomboy that loves her father, is betrothed to Shang, whom she has not met. On her betrothal day, her father Fa Zhou carves her destiny on a stone tablet in the family temple, which she shatters in anger, running away to forge her own destiny.[17] In November 1993, Chris Sanders, who had just finished storyboard work on The Lion King, was hoping to work on The Hunchback of Notre Dame until Schumacher appointed him to work on Mulan instead.[18] Acting as Head of Story, Sanders grew frustrated with the romantic comedy aspect of the story, and urged producer Pam Coats to be more faithful to the original legend by having Mulan leave home because of the love for her father.[19] This convinced the filmmakers to decide to change Mulan's character in order to make her more appealing and selfless.[20] Sequence Six – in which Mulan takes her father's conscription order, cuts her long hair, and dons her father's armor – served as a pivotal moment in the evolution of Mulan's character. Director Barry Cook explained that the sequence initially started as a song storyboarded by Barry Johnson and redrawn by character designer Chen-Yi Chang. Following the story changes to have Mulan leave to save her father, the song was dropped. Storyboard artist and co-head of story Dean DeBlois was tasked to revise the sequence, and decided to board the sequence with "minimal dialogue".[21] Assisted with an existing musical selection from another film score courtesy of Sanders, the sequence reel was screened for Peter Schneider and Thomas Schumacher, both of whom were impressed. DeBlois stated, "Sequence Six was the first sequence that got put into production, and it helped to establish our 'silent' approach."[22] Additionally, General Li was not originally going to be related to Shang at all, but by changing the story, the filmmakers were able to mirror the stories of both Shang's and Mulan's love for their fathers.[23] As a Christian, Bancroft declined to explore Buddhism within the film.[24]

text: Because there was no dragon in the original legend, Mulan did not have animal companions; it was Roy E. Disney who suggested the character of Mushu.[12] Veteran story artist Joe Grant created the cricket character, Cri-Kee for, though animator Barry Temple admitted "the directors didn't want him in the movie, the story department didn't want him in the movie. The only people who truly wanted him in the movie were Michael Eisner and Joe Grant – and myself, because I was assigned the character. I would sit in meetings and they’d say, 'Well, where's the cricket during all this?' Somebody else would say, 'Oh, to hell the cricket.' They felt Cri-Kee was a character who wasn't necessary to tell the story, which is true."[25] Throughout development on the film, Grant would slip sketches of Cri-Kee under the directors' door.[26]

text: Casting

text: Before production began, the production team sought out Chinese, Japanese, Filipino, or Korean vocal talents.[27] Tia Carrere was an early candidate to voice the title character,[28] and Lea Salonga, who had been the singing voice of Princess Jasmine in Aladdin, was also cast as Mulan's speaking voice, but the directors did not find her attempt at a deeper speaking voice when Mulan impersonated Ping convincing, so Ming-Na Wen was brought in to speak the role. Salonga returned to provide the singing voice.[29] Wen herself landed the role after the filmmakers listened to her narration at the beginning of The Joy Luck Club. Coats reflected on her decision, stating "When we heard Ming-Na doing that voice-over, we knew we had our Mulan. She has a very likable and lovely voice, and those are the qualities we were looking for."[30] For the role of Mushu, Disney was aiming for top Hollywood talent in the vein of Robin Williams's performance as the Genie,[30] and approached Eddie Murphy, who at first balked during recording in the Disney studios, and asked to record the voice in his basement at his Bubble Hill mansion in Englewood, New Jersey.[31] For the speaking voice of Captain Li Shang, B. D. Wong was hired,[32] although his singing voice, for the song "I'll Make a Man Out of You", was performed by Donny Osmond, who had previously auditioned to be the speaking voice of the title character in Hercules.[33] Osmond's casting originated from a suggestion from the casting director,[33] and throughout recording, Osmond studied Wong's dialogue tapes, and aimed to match his inflections and personality.[34] Osmond commented that his sons decided that he had finally "made it" in show business when he was in a Disney film.[35] Likewise for the role of Grandmother Fa, June Foray provided the speaking voice, and Marni Nixon supplied the singing voice.[36]

text: Animation and design

text: To achieve a harmonious visual look, producer designer Hans Bacher and art director Ric Sluiter, along with Robert Walker and Head of Backgrounds Robert Stanton collaborated to establish a proper chronological location for the film in Chinese history. Since there was no general consensus on the time of Mulan's existence, they based on the visual design on the Ming and Qing dynasties.[37] An important element of Bacher's design was to turn the art style closer to Chinese painting, with watercolor and simpler design, as opposed to the details of The Lion King and The Hunchback of Notre Dame.[38] Bacher further studied more than thirty-five film directors ranging from the silent era German Expressionism, British and American epics of the 1950s and 60s, and the spaghetti westerns for inspiration for composition, lighting, and staging that would establish settings that enhanced the characters,[39] and additional inspiration was found in the earlier Disney animated films such as Bambi, Pinocchio, and Dumbo to establish a sense of staging.[40]

text: In October 1997, the Walt Disney Company announced a major expansion of its Florida animation operations constructing a 200,000-square-foot, four-story animation building and the addition of 400 animators to the workforce.[41]

text: To create 2,000 Hun soldiers during the Huns' attack sequence, the production team developed crowd simulation software called Attila. This software allows thousands of unique characters to move autonomously. A variant of the program called Dynasty was used in the final battle sequence to create a crowd of 3,000 in the Forbidden City. Pixar's photorealistic open API RenderMan was used to render the crowd. Another software developed for this movie was Faux Plane, which was used to add depth to flat two-dimensional painting. Although developed late in production progress, Faux Plane was used in five shots, including the dramatic sequence which features the Great Wall of China, and the final battle sequence when Mulan runs to the Forbidden City. During the scene in which the Chinese are bowing to Mulan, the crowd is a panoramic film of real people bowing. It was edited into the animated foreground of the scene.[42]

text: Music

text: In March 1994, Stephen Schwartz was attached to compose the lyrics and music for the songs for the film.[43] Following the research trip to China in June 1994, Schwartz was contacted by former Disney studio chairman Jeffrey Katzenberg to compose songs for The Prince of Egypt, which he agreed. Peter Schneider, then-president of Walt Disney Feature Animation, threatened to have Schwartz's name removed from any publicity materials for Pocahontas and The Hunchback of Notre Dame. Michael Eisner phoned Schwartz, and urged him to back out of his commitment to DreamWorks which he refused and left the project.[44] After Schwartz's departure, his three songs, "Written in Stone", "Destiny", and "China Doll", were dropped amid story and character changes by 1995.[45][46] Shortly after, Disney music executive Chris Montan heard Matthew Wilder's demo for a stage musical adaption of Anne Rice's Cry to Heaven, and selected Wilder to replace Schwartz. David Zippel then joined to write the lyrics.[45] The film featured five songs composed by Wilder and Zippel, with a sixth originally planned for Mushu, but dropped following Eddie Murphy's involvement with the character.[47]

text: Although Danny Elfman and Thomas Newman were considered to score the film, English composer Rachel Portman was selected as the film composer. However, Portman became pregnant during production, and decided to back out.[13] Following Portman's departure, Randy Edelman—whose Dragonheart theme was used in the trailer—and Kitarō were considered,[45] until Jerry Goldsmith became available and signed on after dropping out of a project.[13] The film's soundtrack is credited for starting the career of pop singer Christina Aguilera, whose first song to be released in the U.S. was her rendition of "Reflection," the first single from the Mulan soundtrack. The song, and Aguilera's vocals, were so well received that it landed her a recording contract with RCA records.[48] In 1999, she would go on to release her self-titled debut album, on which Reflection was also included. The pop version of Reflection has a Polish version ("Lustro" performed by Edyta Górniak) and 2 Spanish versions, for Spain (performed by Malú) and Latin America (performed by Lucero). Other international versions include a Brazilian Portuguese version by Sandy & Junior ("Imagem"), a Korean version performed by Lena Park, and a Mandarin version by Coco Lee.

text: The music featured during the haircut scene, often referred as the Mulan Decision score, is different in the soundtrack album. The soundtrack album uses an orchestrated score while the movie uses heavy synthesizer music. The synthesizer version is available on the limited edition CD.[49] Salonga, who often sings movie music in her concerts, has done a Disney medley which climaxes with an expanded version of "Reflection" (not the same as those in Aguilera's version). Salonga also provided the singing voice for Mulan in the movie's sequel, Mulan II.

text: Release

text: Because of the disappointing box office performances of The Hunchback of Notre Dame and Hercules, Disney restricted its marketing campaign for Mulan spending $30 million on promotional advertisements compared to more than $60 million for Hercules the year before.[50] Instead of the lavish media event premieres of Pocahontas in Central Park and the electric light parade on Fifth Avenue for Hercules, Disney opted to premiere the film at the Hollywood Bowl complete with Chinese lanterns and fortune cookies.[50][51] Two days before the general release, McDonald's launched its promotional campaign by including one of eight toys free with the purchase of a Happy Meal.[52] The promotion also included Szechuan sauce for its Chicken McNuggets, which would be referenced in a 2017 episode of the Adult Swim series Rick and Morty and subsequently brought back by McDonald's as a promotional item related to that show.[53]

text: In collaboration with Disney, Hyperion Books published The Art of Mulan authored by Jeff Kurtti, which chronicled the production of the film. In addition with its publication, Hyperion Books also issued a collector's "folding, accordion book" of the ancient poem that inspired the film.[54] On August 18, 1998, around 3,700 backpacks and 1,800 pieces of luggage were recalled back to their manufacture, Pyramid Accessories Inc., when it is discovered they contained lead-based paint.[55]

text: Home media

text: The film was first released on VHS on February 2, 1999 as part of the Walt Disney Masterpiece Collection line. On November 9, the film was released on DVD as part of the Limited Issues line. In 2000, it was rereleased on VHS and DVD as part of the Walt Disney Gold Classic Collection line. The second video and DVD release returned to the Disney Vault on January 31, 2002.[56] On October 26, 2004, Walt Disney Home Entertainment rereleased Mulan on VHS and as a 2-disc Special Edition DVD.[57]

text: In March 2013, Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment released Mulan and Mulan II on Blu-ray and DVD to coincide with the film's 15th anniversary.[58]

text: In September 2017, Mulan became available to Netflix users through their streaming service.[59]

text: Reception

text: Box office

text: Mulan's opening weekend box office gross revenues were $22.8 million,[2] making it the second-highest grossing movie that week, behind only The X-Files.[60] It went on to gross $120 million in the U.S. and Canada combined, and $304 million worldwide, making it the second-highest grossing family film of the year, behind A Bug's Life, and the seventh-highest grossing film of the year overall.[61] While Mulan domestically outgrossed the two Disney films which had preceded it, The Hunchback of Notre Dame and Hercules, its box office returns failed to match those of the Disney films of the early 1990s such as Beauty and the Beast, Aladdin, and The Lion King.[62] Internationally, its highest grossing releases included those in the United Kingdom ($14.6 million) and France ($10.2 million).[63]

text: Critical reception

text: Reception of Mulan was mostly positive. Rotten Tomatoes gives it a rating of 86%, based on 73 reviews, with an average rating of 7.5/10. The site's consensus reads, "Exploring themes of family duty and honor, Mulan breaks new ground as a Disney film, while still bringing vibrant animation and sprightly characters to the screen."[64] In a 2009 countdown, Rotten Tomatoes ranked it twenty-fourth out of the fifty canonical animated Disney features.[65] On Metacritic, the film has a score of 71 out of 100, based on 24 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews".[66] CinemaScore reported that audiences gave the film a rare "A+" grade.

text: Kyle Suggs described the visuals as "breathtaking,"[67] and Dan Jardine described them as "magnificently animated."[68] Film critic Roger Ebert gave Mulan three and a half stars out of four in his written review. He said that "Mulan is an impressive achievement, with a story and treatment ranking with Beauty and the Beast and The Lion King". Negative reviews described it as a "disappointment". The songs were accused of not being memorable, and slowing down the pace of the movie.[69] Ed Gonzalez of Slant Magazine criticized the film as "soulless" in its portrayal of Asian society.[70]

text: This movie was also the subject of comment from feminist critics. Mimi Nguyen says the film "pokes fun at the ultimately repressive gender roles that seek to make Mulan a domesticated creature".[71] Nadya Labi agreed, saying "there is a lyric in the film that gives the lie to the bravado of the entire girl-power movement." She pointed out that Mulan needed to become a boy in order to accomplish what she did. Kathleen Karlyn, an assistant professor of English at the University of Oregon, also criticized the film's portrayal of gender roles: "In order to even imagine female heroism, we're placing it in the realm of fantasy". Pam Coats, the producer of Mulan, said that the film aims to present a character who exhibits both masculine and feminine influences, being both physically and mentally strong.[72]

text: Accolades

text: Mulan won several Annie Awards, including Best Animated Feature and Individual achievement awards to Pam Coats for producing; Barry Cook and Tony Bancroft for directing; Rita Hsiao, Christopher Sanders, Phillip LaZebnick, Raymond Singer and Eugenia Bostwick-Singer for writing, Chris Sanders for storyboarding, Hans Bacher for production design, David Tidgwell for effects animation, Ming-Na for voice acting for the character of Mulan, Ruben A. Aquino for character animation, and Matthew Wilder, David Zippel and Jerry Goldsmith for music. (Tom Bancroft and Mark Henn were also nominated for an Annie Award for Character Animation.)[73] The musical score also received significant praise. Jerry Goldsmith won the 1999 BMI Film Music Award. Goldsmith was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Original Music Score, but lost to Stephen Warbeck's score for Shakespeare in Love.[74] Goldsmith was nominated for the Golden Globe Award for Best Original Score. Matthew Wilder and David Zippel were nominated for a Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song for "Reflection". They were beaten by The Truman Show and "The Prayer" from Quest for Camelot, respectively.[75]

text: The film is recognized by American Film Institute in these lists:

text:
2008: AFI's 10 Top 10:

Nominated Animation Film[76]

text: Reception in China

text: Disney was keen to promote Mulan to the Chinese, hoping to replicate their success with the 1994 film The Lion King, which was one of the country's highest-grossing Western films at that time. Disney also hoped it might smooth over relations with the Chinese government which had soured after the release of Kundun, a Disney-funded biography of the Dalai Lama that the Chinese government considered politically provocative.[77] China had threatened to curtail business negotiations with Disney over that film and, as the government only accepts ten Western films per year to be shown in their country, Mulan's chances of being accepted were low.[78] Finally, after a year's delay, the Chinese government did allow the film a limited Chinese release, but only after the Chinese New Year, so as to ensure that local films dominated the more lucrative holiday market.[79][80] Box office income was low, due to both the unfavorable release date and rampant piracy. Chinese people also complained about Mulan's depiction as too foreign-looking and the story as too different from the myths.[81][82]

text: Legacy

text: Video game

text: A Windows, Macintosh, and PlayStation point-and-click adventure interactive storybook based on the film, Disney's Animated Storybook: Mulan (titled Disney's Story Studio: Mulan on PlayStation), was released on December 15, 1999. The game was developed by Media Station for computers and Revolution Software (under the name "Kids Revolution") for PlayStation.[83][84] The game was met with generally positive reception and holds a 70.67% average rating at the review aggregator website GameRankings.[85]

text: Live-action adaptation

text: Walt Disney Pictures first expressed interest in a live-action adaptation of Mulan in the 2000s. Zhang Ziyi was to star in it and Chuck Russell was chosen as the director. The film was originally planned to start filming in October 2010, but was eventually canceled.[86]

text: In 2015, Disney again began developing a live-action remake.[87] Elizabeth Martin and Lauren Hynek's script treatment reportedly featured a white merchant who falls in love with Mulan, and is drawn into a central role in the country's conflict with the Huns.[88] According to a Vanity Fair source, the spec script was only a "jumping-off point" and all main characters will in fact be Chinese.[89] Dawn of the Planet of the Apes and Jurassic World screenwriters Rick Jaffa and Amanda Silver are to rewrite Hynek and Martin's screenplay with Chris Bender, J. C. Spink and Jason Reed producing.[90] In February 2017, it was announced that Niki Caro will direct the live-action adaptation of the 1998 animated film and will be the third woman to direct a movie budgeted at over $100 million, after Patty Jenkins and Ava DuVernay.[91]

text: The casting process of a Chinese actress to portray the heroine began in October 2016. The film was originally scheduled to be released on November 2, 2018, but it was later taken off the release schedule with The Nutcracker and the Four Realms taking its old slot.[92][93] On November 29, 2017, Liu Yifei was cast as the titular character.[94]

text: References in Disney media

text: Although she is royalty neither by birth nor marriage (her husband is merely a high-ranking military officer), Mulan is part of the Disney Princess media franchise.[95] In the film Lilo & Stitch, Nani has a poster of Mulan in her room.[96] Mulan is also present in the Disney and Square Enix video game series Kingdom Hearts. In the first Kingdom Hearts and in Kingdom Hearts: Chain of Memories, Mushu is a summonable character,[97] and in Kingdom Hearts II, the movie is featured as a playable world named "The Land of Dragons", with the plot being changed to accommodate the game's characters (Sora, Donald and Goofy) and Mulan (both as herself and as "Ping") able to join the player's party as a skilled sword fighter.[97] Actress Jamie Chung plays a live-action version of Mulan in the second, third, and fifth seasons of the ABC television series Once Upon a Time.[98]


document_title: Restart (Newsboys album)

question_text: who wrote we believe in god the father

question_tokens: who wrote we believe in god the father

root

text: Restart (Newsboys album)

text: Music and lyrics[edit]

text: At HM, Sarah Brehm said that "Restart is packed with tracks that compete with the quality of today's current mainstream pop music, and the lyrics are much more positive, encouraging and wholesome than what is on the radio", and that "unlike their previous albums as it's packed with electrifying beats rivaling radio pop music."[7] Sarah Fine at New Release Tuesday wrote that this release was different from any of their past albums, yet stated that "The production quality is nearly flawless, and lyrically, working with some of the best songwriters in the industry shows in the quality of the work. While the lyrics take the band to a whole new level, the group's journey into uncharted sonic waters is the real game changer."[8] At Jesus Freak Hideout, Mark Rice added that "It is no great secret that Tait's Boys have been progressively getting more poppy and electronic, but I could never have seen it coming for the Newsboys to venture into the realm of dubstep."[9]

tag: p

text: At Indie Vision Music, Jonathan Andre wrote that the release was "Full of powerful lyrics, infectious enthusiasm and pop-dance melodies that are new, fresh and invigorating, the band are able to deliver 16 songs full of intensity, hopefulness, encouragement and powerful truths directly from Scripture."[10] Dave Wood of Louder Than the Music said that "This is the new style of modern worship, taken outside of the four walls of the church, and served up on an accessible plate that a secular-influenced generation will enjoy."[11] At Christian Music Zine, Emily Kjonaas wrote that "The new-era Newsboys have rediscovered, and solidified, their sound and you can hear it in Restart."[12] Daniel Edgeman of Christian Music Review wrote that the album was "filled with how great our God and many other aspects of our Father."[13] At Worship Leader, Randy Cross stated that "This isn't just fun music, but lyrics that drive home the purpose that we as Christians embrace", yet told that "The musical style of the first four songs is very similar."[14]

text: Critical reception[edit]

text:
Professional ratings

Review scores

Source
Rating

AllMusic
[15]

CCM Magazine
[16]

Christian Music Review
[13]

CM Addict
[17]

Cross Rhythms
[18]

HM
[7]

Indie Vision Music
[10]

Jesus Freak Hideout
[19]

Jesus Freak Hideout
[9]

Louder Than the Music
[11]

New Release Tuesday
[8]

Worship Leader
[14]

tag: table

text: Restart garnered acclaim from music critics. Sarah Brehm felt the release "will be a contender for best pop album of the year in the CCM market."[7] Tony Cummings of Cross Rhythms wrote that "Wherever you look you'll find cleverly conceived, expertly executed and, most important, spiritually uplifting pop music," with the Newsboys "clearly still a brand leader."[18] Roger Gelwicks stated that "Restart is the best the Newsboys have ever sounded" and being "Comfortable in their own shoes and daring enough to stay interesting, the Newsboys are still a force to be reckoned with, and Restart is proof."[19] Mark Rice of Jesus Freak Hideout felt that "There is lots of good to say about this album, a lot of it being simply a full album of original, fully Christ-centered material made by some excellent musicians."[9] At Worship Leader, Randy Cross added that "Restart is a wonderful album from start to finish. It's electronica start only reinforces the more reflective songs that follow and creates a great balance overall."[14] However, Cross noted that "While this beautifully sets up the more acoustic leaning songs, it may feel repetitive to the casual listener."[14]

text: At New Release Tuesday, Sarah Fine wrote that this was the band "at the top of their game".[8] CM Addict's Julia Kitzing wrote that the band "never looked back and their albums just keep getting better."[17] At Indie Vision Music, Jonathan Andre found this to be "such a powerful and compelling album".[10] Dave Wood at Louder Than the Music wrote that he "really did grow to love it."[11] At Christian Music Zine, Emily Kjonaas rated the album a 3.25-out-of-five, and felt that because "Restart comes at a time where computerized, auto-tuned music seems to be popular among the mainstream industry" the release may become "popular amongst that crowd."[12] However, she noted that "Newsboys fans may not find this record enjoyable, but Tait-led fans will enjoy Restart."[12] On the other hand, Daniel Edgeman at Christian Music Review called this a "stand out album."[13] At CCM Magazine, Matt Conner wrote that "Electronic dance music is here to stay and clearly so are the Newsboys."[16] DeWayne Hamby, reviewing the album for Charisma, called it "a new collection of pop-flavored tracks".[20]

text: Commercial performance[edit]

text: For the Billboard charting week of 28 September 2013, Restart was the No. 38 most-sold album in the entirety of the United States by the Billboard 200 and it was the No. 1 Top Christian Album as well.

text: Track listing[edit]

text:
No.
Title
Writer(s)
Producer(s)
Length

1.
"That's How You Change the World"
Justin Ebach, Nate Sallie, Sam Tinnesz
Christopher Stevens
3:53

2.
"Restart"
Joshua Silverberg, Michael Tait, Jonathan White, Kipp Williams
Joshua Silverberg
3:35

3.
"Love Like I Mean It"
Ben Glover, Christopher Stevens, Tait
Stevens
2:59

4.
"Live with Abandon"
Silverberg, White, Williams
Silverberg
3:20

5.
"Go Glow"
Deshon Bullock, Silverberg, Williams
Silverberg
3:08

6.
"That Home"
Eric Arjes, Juan Otero
Stevens
3:51

7.
"Disaster"
Ian Eskelin, David Garcia, Glover, Tait
David Garcia
4:06

8.
"Fishers of Men"
Wes Campbell, Eskelin, Garcia, Stevens, Tait
Stevens
3:07

9.
"One Word"
Phillip LaRue, Seth Mosley, Nick De Partee
Seth Mosley
3:19

10.
"Enemy"
Jeremy McCoy, Otero, Tait, Fred Williams
Stevens
3:36

11.
"We Believe"
Richie Fike, Matt Hooper, Travis Ryan
Stevens
4:22

Total length:
39:10

text:
Deluxe edition

No.
Title
Writer(s)
Producer(s)
Length

12.
"Overflow"
Silverberg, Williams, White
Silverberg
3:12

13.
"Man on Fire" (featuring Kevin Max)
Christopher McLeod, Silverberg, Tait, Williams
Silverberg
3:11

14.
"God Is Movin'"
Stevens, Tait, Jason Walker
Stevens
3:14

15.
"The Living Years" (Mike + The Mechanics cover; featuring Kevin Max)
Brian Robertson, Michael Rutherford

4:27

16.
"Stronger" (Hillsong cover)
Ben Fielding, Reuben Morgan
Mosley
3:38

Total length:
56:42

text:
Bonus tracks

No.
Title
Writer(s)
Producer(s)
Length

12.
"God's Not Dead (Like a Lion)" (Live)
Daniel Bashta
Mosley
4:11

Total length:
43:21

text: Charts[edit]

text:
Chart (2013)
Peak
position

US Billboard 200[21]
38

US Christian Albums (Billboard)[22]
1


document_title: Peter Peter Pumpkin Eater

question_text: where did peter peter pumpkin eater come from

text: Peter Peter Pumpkin Eater

text:
"Peter Peter Pumpkin Eater"

William Wallace Denslow's illustrations for Peter Peter Pumpkin Eater, from a 1901 edition of Mother Goose

Nursery rhyme

Published
c. 1825

text: "Peter Peter Pumpkin Eater" is an English language nursery rhyme. It has a Roud Folk Song Index number of 13497.

text: Lyrics[edit]

text: Common modern versions include:

text: Origins[edit]

text: The first surviving version of the rhyme was published in Infant Institutes, part the first: or a Nurserical Essay on the Poetry, Lyric and Allegorical, of the Earliest Ages, &c., in London around 1797.[1] It also appears in Mother Goose's Quarto: or Melodies Complete, printed in Boston, Massachusetts around 1825.[1] A verse collected from Aberdeen, Scotland and published in 1868 had the words:

text: This verse is also considered to be an older version of the rhyme Eeper Weeper.[2]

text: Notes[edit]

text:
^ Jump up to: a b c I. Opie and P. Opie, The Oxford Dictionary of Nursery Rhymes (Oxford University Press, 2nd edn., 1997), p. 410.
Jump up ^ I. Opie and P. Opie, Children's games with things: marbles, fivestones, throwing and catching, gambling, hopscotch, chucking and pitching, ball-bouncing, skipping, tops and tipcat (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1997), p. 180.

tag: ol

text: Children's literature portal

tag: ul

text: Roud Folk Song Index songsAmerican nursery rhymes


document_title: Garden Route

question_text: how many miles is the garden route in south africa

text: Garden Route

text: This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (March 2014) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

text: The Garden Route (Afrikaans: Tuinroete) is a 300-kilometre (190 mi)[1]stretch of the south-western coast of South Africa which extends from Mossel Bay in the Western Cape to the Storms River in the Eastern Cape. The name comes from the verdant and ecologically diverse vegetation encountered here and the numerous lagoons and lakes dotted along the coast. It includes towns such as Knysna, Plettenberg Bay, Mossel Bay, Little Brak River and Nature's Valley; with George, the Garden Route's largest city and main administrative centre.

text: It has an oceanic climate, with mild to warm summers, and mild to cool winters. It has the mildest climate in South Africa and the second mildest climate in the world, after Hawaii, according to the Guinness Book of Records. Temperatures rarely fall below 10 °C in winter and rarely climb beyond 28 °C in summer. Rain occurs year-round, with a slight peak in the spring months, brought by the humid sea-winds from the Indian Ocean rising and releasing their precipitation along the Outeniqua and Tsitsikamma Mountains just inland of the coast.

text: The Route is sandwiched between the aforementioned mountains and the Indian Ocean. The Outeniqua and Tsitsikamma indigenous forests are a unique mixture of Cape Fynbos and Temperate Forest and offer hiking trails and eco-tourism activities. Nearly 300 species of bird life are to be found in a variety of habitats ranging from fynbos to forest to wetlands.

text: Ten nature reserves embrace the varied ecosystems of the area as well as unique marine reserves, home to soft coral reefs, dolphins, seals and a host of other marine life. Various bays along the Garden Route are nurseries to the endangered Southern Right Whale which go there to calve in the winter and spring (July to December).

text:
A river mouth in the Tsitsikamma National Park, situated on the Garden Route

Fairy Knowe station

A tranquil scene at a lake on the Garden Route

A vineyard on the Garden Route in winter


document_title: List of career achievements by Wayne Gretzky

question_text: how many points did gretzky have in his last season

text: Regular season records (40)[edit]

text:
Most goals: 894 in 1,487 games[2]
Most goals, including playoffs: 1,016 in 1,487 regular season and 122 playoff goals[3]
Most goals, one season: 92 in 1981–82, 80-game schedule[4]
Most goals, one season, including playoffs: 100 in 1983–84, 87 goals in 74 regular season games and 13 goals in 19 playoff games
Most goals, 50 games from start of season: 61 in 1981–82 (7 October 1981 to 22 January 1982, 80-game schedule) and 1983–84 (5 October 1983 to 25 January 1984), 80-game schedule
Most goals, one period: 4 (Tied with 10 other players) 18 February 1981
Most assists: 1,963[5]
Most assists, including playoffs: 2,223
Most assists, one season: 163 in 1985–86, 80-game schedule[6]
Most assists, one season, including playoffs: 174 in 1985–86, 163 assists in 80 regular season games and 11 assists in 10 playoff games
Most assists, one game: 7 (tied with Billy "The Kid" Taylor) on three occasions—16 February 1980; 12 December 1985; 15 February 1986[7]
Most assists, one road game: 7 (tied with Billy "The Kid" Taylor) 11 December 1985
Most points: 2,857 in 1,487 games (894 goals, 1,963 assists)[8]
Most points, including playoffs: 3,239 in 1,487 regular season and 208 playoff games. (1016 goals, 2223 assists)
Most points, one season: 215 in 1985–86, 80-game schedule (52 goals, 163 assists)[9]
Most points, one season, including playoffs: 255 in 1984–85; 208 points in 80 regular season games and 47 points in 18 playoff games
Most overtime assists, career: 15
Most goals by a centre, career: 894[10]
Most goals by a centre, one season: 92 in 1981–82, 80-game schedule[11]
Most assists by a centre, career: 1,963[12]
Most assists by a centre, one season: 163 in 1985–86, 80-game schedule[13]
Most points by a centre, career: 2,857[14]
Most points by a centre, one season: 215 in 1985–86, 80-game schedule[15]
Most assists in one game by a player in his first season: 7 on 15 February 1980
Highest goals-per-game average, one season: 1.18 in 1983–84, 87 goals in 74 games
Highest assists-per-game average, career (300 min.): 1.321 -- 1,963 assists in 1,487 games
Highest assists-per-game average, one season: 2.04 in 1985–86, 163 assists in 80 games
Highest points-per-game average, one season (among players with 50-or-more points): 2.77 in 1983–84, 205 points in 74 games[16]
Most 40-or-more goal seasons: 12 in 20 seasons
Most consecutive 40-or-more goal seasons: 12 from 1979–80 to 1990–91
Most 50-or-more goal seasons: 9 (tied with Mike Bossy)
Most 60-or-more goal seasons: 5 (tied with Mike Bossy)
Most consecutive 60-or-more goals seasons: 4 from 1981–82 to 1984–85
Most 100-or-more point seasons: 15
Most consecutive 100-or-more point seasons: 13 from 1979–80 to 1991–92
Most three-or-more goal games, career: 50 -- 37 three-goal (hat trick) games; nine four-goal games; four five-goal games
Most three goal games, one season: 10 (done twice) in 1981–82 and 1983–84
Longest consecutive assist scoring streak: 23 games in 1990–91, 48 assists
Longest consecutive point-scoring streak: 51 Games in 1983–84 (October 5, 1983 to January 28, 1984, 61 goals, 92 assists for 153 points)
Longest consecutive point-scoring streak from start of season: 51 in 1983–84; 61 goals, 92 assists for 153 points (October 5, 1983 to January 28, 1984)

text: Playoff records (16)[edit]

text:
Most playoff goals, career: 122[17]
Most playoff assists, career: 260[18]
Most assists, one playoff year: 31 in 1988 (19 games)[19]
Most assists in one series: 14 (tied with Rick Middleton) in 1985 Conference Finals (six games vs. Chicago)
Most assists in final series: 10 in 1988 (four games, plus suspended game vs. Boston)
Most assists, one playoff game: 6 (tied with Mikko Leinonen) on 9 April 1987[20]
Most assists, one playoff period: 3 -- Three assists by one player in one period of a playoff game has been recorded on 70 occasions, five of them by Gretzky
Most points, career: 382 -- 122 goals and 260 assists[21]
Most points, one playoff year: 47 in 1985 (17 goals and 30 assists in 18 games)
Most points in final series: 13 in 1988 three goals and 10 assists (four games plus suspended game vs. Boston, three goals)
Most points, one playoff period: 4 (tied with nine other players)
Most short-handed goals, one playoff year: 3 (tied with five other players) 1983[22]
Most short-handed goals, one playoff game: 2 (tied with eight other players) 6 April 1983[23]
Most game-winning goals in playoffs, career: 24 (tied with Brett Hull)[24]
Most three-or-more goals games (hat trick): 10 (eight three-goal games, two four-goal games)
Most consecutive seasons making the playoffs: 14

text: All-Star records (6)[edit]

text:
Most All-Star game goals, career: 13 (in 18 games played)
Most All-Star game goals, one game: 4 (tied with three players) 1983 Campbell Conference
Most All-Star game goals, one period: 4 1983 Campbell Conference, third period
Most All-Star game assists, career: 12 (tied with four others)
Most All-Star game points, career: 25 (13 goals, 12 assists in 18 games)
Most All-Star game points, one period: 4 (tied with Mike Gartner and Adam Oates) 1983 Campbell Conference, third period (four goals)

text: Records update[edit]

text: Since Wayne Gretzky’s retirement, two of his records have fallen and he has gained one record, leaving him with a new total of 60 official records.

text:
Gretzky’s record of 15 regular season overtime assists has now been passed by three players. They are Nicklas Lidstrom (16), Adam Oates (17), and Mark Messier (18).
Joe Sakic (16), Mark Messier (14), and Ray Bourque (13) have passed Gretzky’s record (12) for most All-Star game assists.
Wayne Gretzky finished his career with a 1.921 points per game average. Only Mario Lemieux, then retired, had a better points per game average at that time. Lemieux came out of retirement in 2000 and played until midway through the 2005–06 NHL season. Lemieux's points per game average dropped to 1.883. This gives the record back to Gretzky.

text: Unofficial records[edit]

text: Along with his numerous official records, Wayne Gretzky also has many "unofficial" records. These other records - though not recognized by the NHL Official Guide and Record Book - are still significant records.

text: NHL scoring records[edit]

text:
Youngest player to score 50 goals in a season (19 years, two months)
Most points by an NHL player in his first year: 137. Because of Gretzky's season played in the WHA, he was not considered a rookie in his first year, so the rookie record belongs to Teemu Selanne with 132
Most assists by an NHL player in his first year: 86. The rookie record is held jointly by Peter Stastny and Joe Juneau with 70 assists. Note that the record book gives Gretzky the record for most assists and points in a game as a first year player, but not the season totals
Most 200-or-more point seasons: 4. Gretzky owns the official record for most 100 point seasons. He is the only player to reach 200 points in a season
Most consecutive 200 point seasons: 3
Most 70-or-more goal seasons: 4. The NHL has a record for most 60 goal seasons, but not 70. Eight players have achieved 70 goals, and Brett Hull did so three times.
Most consecutive 70 goal seasons: 4
Most 80-or-more goal seasons: 2
Most 90-or-more goal seasons: 1. Gretzky is the only player to achieve this
Fastest 50 goals from start of season: 50 goals in 39 games. The mark of 50 goals in 50 games is a rare event, achieved by only five players. The quickest, 50 goals in 39 games, is often labelled as the most difficult one to break of all of Gretzky's records. The NHL has an official record for the most goals in first 50 games, but not the fastest 50 goals
Fastest 100 points: 34 games in 1983–84
Most seasons averaging at least 1 point per game: 19
Most consecutive seasons averaging at least 1 point per game: 19
Most seasons averaging at least 2 points per game: 10
Most consecutive seasons averaging at least 2 points per game: 9
Most game-winning goals in the playoffs: 24 (tied with Brett Hull)
Most game-winning assists in one season: 23
Most game-winning assists in regular season career: 234
Most game-winning points in regular season career: 325
Highest career game-winning points per game average: 0.2185
Most 100-or-more assist seasons: 11
Most consecutive 100-or-more assist seasons: 11
Most seasons leading in even strength goals: 4
Most career even strength goals: 617
Most season leading in short-handed goals: 5
Most seasons leading in assists: 16
Most seasons leading in points: 11
Most seasons leading in both goals and assists: 5 (this was only achieved 7 other times in history, with Gordie Howe (2) and Mario Lemieux (2) accounting for 4 of those other occurrences).
Most seasons leading the league in goals, assists and Plus/Minus: 4 (no other player has done this, although Plus/Minus was only counted since 1967).
Most seasons leading in goals created: 7
Most season leading in assists per game: 12
Most seasons leading in points per game: 11
Most seasons leading in total goals on-ice for: 8
Most short-handed regular season career goals: 73
Most short-handed goals career (regular season & playoffs) : 84
Most 10+ shorthanded goals in a season : 2
Most shorthanded assists career (regular season) : 76
Most shorthanded assists career (playoffs) : 13
Most shorthanded assists career (regular season & playoffs) : 89
Most shorthanded points career (regular season) : 149
Most shorthanded points career (playoffs) : 24
Most shorthanded points career (regular season & playoffs) : 173
Most scoring championships (Art Ross Trophy): 10
Largest margin of victory in the scoring race: 79 (in 1983–84)
Most seasons where he was his team's leading scorer: 19
Highest Plus/Minus in a single playoff year: +28 (1984–85)
Highest Plus/Minus by a forward, single season: +100
Highest Plus/Minus by a forward, career: +520
Highest Plus/Minus by a Center in Playoff Career: +67
Most MVP awards (Hart Memorial Trophy): 9
Most trophies in career: 31
Former mark as youngest player to score three or more goals in an All-Star Game was passed by Dany Heatley in 2003.
Most official NHL records: 61 on retirement, 60 at present (As of April 2018[update], 19 years after his last game)

text: Major league scoring records[edit]

text:
Most NHL and WHA regular season assists: 2,027 – Gretzky's 1384th career assist occurred on November 2, 1990, in Washington's 4-3 win over the Kings, breaking the record held by Gordie Howe.
Most NHL and WHA regular season points: 2,967 – Gretzky broke the record held by Gordie Howe on March 9, 1992, with an assist on a first period goal by Tony Granato to make the game score Los Angeles 2, Toronto 0 (final was 4-1). It was his 2359th career point on 1567 assists and 792 goals.
Most NHL and WHA goals, regular season (940) and playoff (132): 1,072 (one more than Gordie Howe), with Gretzky's final goal on March 29, 1999, being the game-winner with 2:07 remaining in the Rangers' 3–1 win over the New York Islanders
Most NHL and WHA regular season and playoff assists: 2,297
Most NHL and WHA regular season and playoff points: 3,369

text: Milestone records[edit]

text: Source: Big Mouth Sports[25]

text: The following are NHL milestone records:

text:
Only Player To Reach 2000 Career Points
Only Player To Reach 3000 Career Points, Regular Season and Playoffs combined
Only Player To Reach 1000 Career Goals, Regular Season and Playoffs combined
Only Player To Reach 2000 Career Assists, Regular Season and Playoffs combined

text: Goals[edit]

text:
Youngest 100 Goals (20 years, 40 days)
Fastest & Youngest 200 Goals (242 games)- Modern Record, Cy Denneny scored 200 goals in 181 games, (21 years, 256 days)
Fastest & Youngest 300 Goals (350 games), (22 years, 321 days)
Fastest & Youngest 400 Goals (436 games), (23 years, 352 days)
Fastest & Youngest 500 Goals (575 games), (25 years, 299 days)
Fastest & Youngest 600 Goals (718 games, one fewer than Mario Lemieux), (27 years, 302 days)
Fastest & Youngest 700 Goals (886 games), (29 years, 342 days)
Fastest & Youngest 800 Goals (1116 games), (33 years, 53 days)

text: Assists[edit]

text:
Fastest 100 Assists (92 games)
Fastest & Youngest 200 Assists (165 games), (20 years 264 days)
Fastest & Youngest 300 Assists (229 games), (21 years 43 days)
Fastest & Youngest 400 Assists (290 games), (21 years 362 days)
Fastest & Youngest 500 Assists (352 games), (22 years 325 days)
Fastest & Youngest 600 Assists (416 games), (23 years 307 days)
Fastest & Youngest 700 Assists (478 games), (24 years 267 days)
Fastest & Youngest 800 Assists (527 games), (25 years 11 days)
Fastest & Youngest 900 Assists (584 games), (25 years 320 days)
Fastest & Youngest 1000 Assists (645 games), (26 years 282 days)
Fastest & Youngest 1100 Assists (706 games), (27 years 276 days)
Fastest & Youngest 1200 Assists (774 games), (28 years 65 days)
Fastest & Youngest 1300 Assists (846 games), (29 years 50 days)
Fastest & Youngest 1400 Assists (913 games), (30 years 38 days)
Fastest & Youngest 1500 Assists (986 games), (31 years 38 days)
Fastest & Youngest 1600 Assists (1068 games), (32 years 308 days)
Fastest & Youngest 1700 Assists (1179 games), (34 years 267 days)
Fastest & Youngest 1800 Assists (1286 games), (35 years 322 days)
Fastest & Youngest 1900 Assists (1404 games), (37 years 54 days)

text: Points[edit]

text:
Fastest 100 Points (61 games)- Modern Record, Joe Malone and Newsy Lalonde share the record by scoring 100 points in 51 games.[26]
Fastest 200 Points (117 games)
Fastest & Youngest 300 Points (159 games), (20 years, 67 days)
Fastest & Youngest 400 Points (197 games), (20 years, 335 days)
Fastest & Youngest 500 Points (234 games), (21 years, 52 days)
Fastest & Youngest 600 Points (274 games), (21 years, 330 days)
Fastest & Youngest 700 Points (317 games), (22 years, 62 days)
Fastest & Youngest 800 Points (352 games), (22 years, 325 days)
Fastest & Youngest 900 Points (385 games), (23 years, 47 days)
Fastest & Youngest 1000 Points (424 games), (23 years, 328 days)
Fastest & Youngest 1100 Points (464 games), (24 years, 50 days)
Fastest & Youngest 1200 Points (504 games), (24 years, 321 days)
Fastest & Youngest 1300 Points (539 games), (25 years, 38 days)
Fastest & Youngest 1400 Points (580 games), (25 years, 313 days)
Fastest & Youngest 1500 Points (620 games), (26 years, 44 days)
Fastest & Youngest 1600 Points (667 games), (26 years, 330 days)
Fastest & Youngest 1700 Points (711 games), (27 years, 285 days)
Fastest & Youngest 1800 Points (754 games), (28 years, 23 days)
Fastest & Youngest 1900 Points (803 games), (28 years, 318 days)
Fastest & Youngest 2000 Points (857 games), (29 years, 273 days)
Fastest & Youngest 2050 Points (882 games), (29 years, 341 days)
Fastest & Youngest 2100 Points (908 games), (30 years, 27 days)
Fastest & Youngest 2200 Points (962 games), (30 years, 349 days)
Fastest & Youngest 2300 Points (1026 games), (32 years, 39 days)
Fastest & Youngest 2400 Points (1091 games), (32 years, 351 days)
Fastest & Youngest 2500 Points (1165 games), (34 years, 81 days)
Fastest & Youngest 2600 Points (1244 games), (35 years, 52 days)
Fastest & Youngest 2700 Points (1331 games), (36 years, 67 days)
Fastest & Youngest 2800 Points (1422 games), (37 years, 264 days)

text: Career statistics[edit]

text: Bold denotes career high

text: * denotes seasons in which Gretzky won the Stanley Cup

text:
Regular season

Playoffs

Season
Team
League
GP
G
A
Pts
PIM
+/-
PP
SH
GW
GP
G
A
Pts
PIM

1975–76
Toronto Nationals
MetJHL
28
27
33
60
7
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—

1976–77
Seneca Nationals
MetJHL
32
36
36
72
35
—
—
—
—
23
40
35
75
—

1976–77
Peterborough Petes
OMJHL
3
0
3
3
0
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—

1977–78
Sault Ste. Marie Greyhounds
OMJHL
64
70
112
182
14
—
—
—
—
13
6
20
26
0

1978–79
Indianapolis Racers
WHA
8
3
3
6
0
-3
0
—
—
—
—
—
—
—

1978–79
Edmonton Oilers
WHA
72
43
61
104
19
+23
9
—
—
13
10
10
20
2

1979–80
Edmonton Oilers
NHL
79
51
86
137
21
+15
13
1
6
3
2
1
3
0

1980–81
Edmonton Oilers
NHL
80
55
109
164
28
+41
15
4
3
9
7
14
21
4

1981–82
Edmonton Oilers
NHL
80
92
120
212
26
+81
18
6
12
5
5
7
12
8

1982–83
Edmonton Oilers
NHL
80
71
125
196
59
+60
18
6
9
16
12
26
38
4

1983–84*
Edmonton Oilers
NHL
74
87
118
205
39
+76
20
12
11
19
13
22
35
12

1984–85*
Edmonton Oilers
NHL
80
73
135
208
52
+98
8
11
7
18
17
30
47
4

1985–86
Edmonton Oilers
NHL
80
52
163
215
46
+71
11
3
6
10
8
11
19
2

1986–87*
Edmonton Oilers
NHL
79
62
121
183
28
+70
13
7
4
21
5
29
34
6

1987–88*
Edmonton Oilers
NHL
64
40
109
149
24
+39
9
5
3
19
12
31
43
16

1988–89
Los Angeles Kings
NHL
78
54
114
168
26
+15
11
5
5
11
5
17
22
0

1989–90
Los Angeles Kings
NHL
73
40
102
142
42
+8
10
4
4
7
3
7
10
0

1990–91
Los Angeles Kings
NHL
78
41
122
163
16
+30
8
0
5
12
4
11
15
2

1991–92
Los Angeles Kings
NHL
74
31
90
121
34
-12
12
2
2
6
2
5
7
2

1992–93
Los Angeles Kings
NHL
45
16
49
65
6
+6
0
2
1
24
15
25
40
4

1993–94
Los Angeles Kings
NHL
81
38
92
130
20
-25
14
4
0
—
—
—
—
—

1994–95
Los Angeles Kings
NHL
48
11
37
48
6
-20
3
0
1
—
—
—
—
—

1995–96
Los Angeles Kings
NHL
62
15
66
81
32
-7
5
0
2
—
—
—
—
—

1995–96
St. Louis Blues
NHL
18
8
13
21
2
-6
1
1
1
13
2
14
16
0

1996–97
New York Rangers
NHL
82
25
72
97
28
+12
6
0
2
15
10
10
20
2

1997–98
New York Rangers
NHL
82
23
67
90
28
-11
6
0
4
—
—
—
—
—

1998–99
New York Rangers
NHL
70
9
53
62
14
-23
3
0
3
—
—
—
—
—

1 WHA season
Totals
WHA
80
46
64
110
19
+20
9
—
—
13
10
10
20
2

20 NHL seasons
Totals
NHL
1487
894
1963
2857
577
+518
204
73
91
208
122
260
382
66

text: Awards[edit]

text: He won nine Hart Trophies, the NHL's most valuable player award, and eight of these were awarded in consecutive years from 1980–87. Gretzky holds the record for most MVP awards of any player in North American professional sports.

text:
Lou Kaplan Trophy (WHA rookie of the year) — 1979
Hart Memorial Trophy (most valuable player) — 1980–87, 1989
Art Ross Trophy (scoring champion) — 1981–87, 1990, 1991, 1994
Charlie Conacher Humanitarian Award — 1980[28]
Conn Smythe Trophy (playoff most valuable player) — 1985, 1988
Lester B. Pearson Award (outstanding player, voted by the players) — 1982–85, 1987
Lady Byng Memorial Trophy (sportsmanship) — 1980, 1991, 1992, 1994, 1999
NHL Plus-Minus Award (best plus-minus rating; formerly Emery Edge Trophy) — 1984, 1985, 1987 (league leader in 1982 no award)
Stanley Cup — 1984, 1985, 1987, 1988
Canada Cup — 1984, 1987, 1991
Clarence S. Campbell Bowl (Western Conference Champions) — 1983, 1984, 1985, 1987, 1988, 1993
Presidents' Trophy (NHL Regular Season Champion) — 1986, 1987
Chrysler-Dodge/NHL Performer of the Year — 1985, 1986, 1987
Lester Patrick Trophy (outstanding service to hockey in the United States) — 1994
Lou Marsh Trophy (Canadian athlete of the year) — 1982, 1983, 1985, 1989
Lionel Conacher Award (Canadian male athlete of the year) — 1980, 1981, 1982, 1983, 1985, 1989, 1999
NHL All-Star Game MVP — 1983, 1989, 1999
NHL MVP — Rendez-vous '87
Sports Illustrated Sportsman of the Year — 1982
Associated Press Male Athlete of the Year — 1982
New York Rangers MVP — 1997-98
Olympic Gold - Hockey (as Executive Director-Manager) — 2002
World Cup of Hockey Champion (as Executive Director-Manager) — 2004

text: Honours[edit]

text:
8-Time All-NHL First Team (1981–87, 1991)
7-Time All-NHL Second Team (1980, 1988–90, 1994, 1997, 1998)
All-WHA Second Team — 1979
In 1998, he was ranked number 1 on The Hockey News' list of the 100 Greatest Hockey Players
Hockey Hall of Fame 1999 Inductee
Officer of the Order of Canada[29]
First international recipient of the Horatio Alger Award[30]
Received star on Canada's Walk of Fame[31]
AP-Athlete Of The Decade, 1980s
Ranked #1 Canadian Athlete of the Century
Sports Illustrated's Hockey Player of the Century
Ranked #5 in both ESPN SportsCentury's and the Associated Press's Top 100 Athletes of the 20th Century (Behind Muhammad Ali, Michael Jordan, Babe Ruth, Jim Brown (ESPN) and Jim Thorpe (AP)
In 2007, he was ranked number 1 in The Hockey News' book The Top 60 Since 1967
In 2010, he was elected as an inaugural inductee into the World Hockey Association Hall of Fame in the "Legends of the Game" category.[32]
IIHF Centennial All-Star Team
Jersey number 99 retired league-wide by NHL