document_title: Audi A4

question_text: when did the new audi a4 come out

question_tokens: when did the new audi a4 come out

text: Audi A4

text: B5 (Typ 8D; 1994–2001)[edit]

text:
First generation (B5/8D)

Overview

Production
1994-2001
1,674,943 built[4]

Model years
pre-facelift 1994–1997
facelift 1997-2001

Designer
Imre Hasanic (1991)[5]
Jurgen Albamonte (1992)

Body and chassis

Body style
4 door saloon/sedan,
5-door Avant (estate/wagon)

Platform
Volkswagen Group B5 (PL45) platform

Related
Audi S4 (B5),
Audi RS4 (B5),
Škoda Superb,
Volkswagen Passat (B5)

Powertrain

Engine

Inline-four petrol engine[show]

1.6 L I4
1.8 L I4 20v
1.8 L I4 20v Turbo

V6 petrol engine
2.4L V6 12v[show]

2.4 L V6 30v
2.6 L V6
2.7 L V6 Biturbo
2.8 L V6 12v
2.8 L V6 30v

Inline-four diesel engine[show]

1.9 L I4 DI
1.9 L I4 TDI

V6 diesel engine[show]

2.5 L V6 24v TDI

Transmission

Manual transmission[show]

5-speed manual
6-speed manual

Automatic transmission[show]

4-speed automatic
5-speed ZF 5HP19 automatic

Dimensions

Wheelbase
2,615 mm (103.0 in)

Length
4,520 mm (178.0 in);
Avant: 4,488 mm (176.7 in)

Width
1,733 mm (68.2 in)

Height
1,415 mm (55.7 in);
Avant: 1,440 mm (56.7 in)

text: The first generation Audi A4 (known internally as the Typ 8D) debuted in October 1994,[6][7] with production starting November 1994 and European sales commencing in January 1995 for the 1995 model year. North American sales later began in September 1995 for the 1996 model year.[8] It was built on the Volkswagen Group B5 (PL45) platform, which it shared with the fourth generation Volkswagen Passat (B5, Typ 3B). It had a front-mounted longitudinal engine and front-wheel drive. Many variations of the A4 were also available with Audi's quattro four-wheel drive system. The A4 was initially introduced as a four-door saloon/sedan; the Avant (estate/wagon) was introduced in November 1995 and went on sale in February 1996.

text: Development began in 1988, with the first design sketches being created later that year. By 1991, an exterior design by Imre Hasanic was chosen and frozen for November 1994 production by 1992. The interior design was later finalized in 1992, with pilot production commencing in the first half of 1994. Development concluded in the third quarter of 1994, preceding November 1994 start of production.[9][10][11][12]

text: A wide range of engines were available in European markets, between 1.6 and 2.8 litres for petrol engines; and a 1.9-litre diesel engine available with Volkswagen Group's VE technology, capable of achieving a 90 PS (66 kW; 89 bhp) or 110 PS (81 kW; 108 bhp). The 2.6 and 2.8-litre V6 engines which had been carried over from the old 80/90 proved popular, although in North America, the 2.8-litre engine was the only V6 that was available there until 1997.

text: The Audi A4 was the first model in the Volkswagen Group to feature the new 1.8-litre 20v engine with five valves per cylinder, based on the unit Audi Sport had developed for their Supertouring race car. A turbocharged 1.8T version produced 150 PS (110 kW; 148 bhp) and 210 newton metres (155 lb·ft) torque. Moreover, a quattro GmbH special edition of the B5 1.8T was later available in Germany and Europe, for which the engine's power output was raised to 178 PS (131 kW; 176 bhp) and 235 newton metres (173 lb·ft). Five-valve technology was also added to a reengineered V6 family of engines in 1997, starting with the 2.8-litre V6 30v, which now produced 193 PS (142 kW; 190 bhp), followed by a 2.4-litre V6 which was a downsize from the previous 2.6 litre, 150 hp engine, but with a power increase to 165 PS (121 kW; 163 bhp).

text: Audi also debuted their new tiptronic automatic transmission on the B5 platform, based on the unit Porsche developed for their 964-generation 911. The transmission is a conventional automatic gearbox with a torque converter offering the driver fully automatic operation or manual selection of the gear ratios.

text: The B5 marked Audi's continued move into the midsize luxury car segment, having started this trajectory notably with later model years of the preceding Audi 80/90 B4. Despite initial mechanical problems, overall build and assembly quality were lauded both by the automotive press and within Audi and Volkswagen, and at the time, parent company Volkswagen declared the B5 the company-wide build quality benchmark for all its other models.

text: Facelift (1997–2001)[edit]

text: The Audi A4 B5 saw nearly constant minor changes and alterations throughout its seven-year run. Moreover, a significant facelift was introduced for the 1998 B5 model year at the 1997 Frankfurt Motor Show, with sales beginning in Europe in early 1998. The 2.8-litre 30-valve V6 engine replaced the 2.8-litre 12-valve. A 2.5-litre V6 Turbocharged Direct Injection (TDI) diesel engine with 150 PS (110 kW; 148 bhp) was standard on the quattro. A six-speed manual gearbox was available, as well as the new high-performance Audi S4, now part of the A4 lineup (the previous S4 had been an Audi 100). Cosmetic updates included new rear lights, headlights, door handles, and other minor exterior/interior changes.

text: In mid-1998, the 1.8 20vT engine available outside Europe had its power output raised to 170 PS (125 kW; 168 bhp). The previous KKK K03 turbocharger, although fundamentally unchanged, received revisions on the turbine side to prevent cracking due to heat.[citation needed] The 12-valve V6 was replaced by the 30-valve unit which had been available in Europe for two years.

text: A further facelift took place across the A4 and S4 platform in February 1999 as a 1999.5 model; changes were largely cosmetic, but affected many components, such as both front and rear bumpers, the front and rear lights, the center console, and door handles.[13] This facelift was known at Audi as a Grosse Produktaufwertung (Major Product Upgrade), as was also signified by facelift cars now carrying the denomination "8D2".

text: In 1999 Audi also debuted an even higher performance RennSport model (rennsport literally translates as racing sport), the RS4 Avant, like its predecessor RS2, available only in the Avant bodystyle.

text: Engines[edit]

text: The following engines were available:

text:
engine type
max. power
max. torque
top speed
(saloon)
0–100 km/h (62 mph)
(saloon) (manual)
years
CO2 emissions[14]

petrol engines
all fuel injected

1.6 I4 8v SOHC
101 PS (74 kW; 100 bhp)
140 N·m (103 lbf·ft)
191 km/h (118.7 mph)
11.9 sec
1994–2001
174 g/km

1.6 I4 8v SOHC
102 PS (75 kW; 101 bhp)
148 N·m (109 lbf·ft)

11.9 sec
2000–2001
192 g/km

1.8 I4 20v DOHC
125 PS (92 kW; 123 bhp)
173 N·m (128 lbf·ft)
205 km/h (127.4 mph)
10.5 sec
1994–2001
182 g/km

1.8T I4 20v DOHC Turbo
150 PS (110 kW; 148 bhp)
210 N·m (155 lbf·ft)
222 km/h (137.9 mph)
8.3 sec
1994–2001
182 g/km

1.8T I4 20v DOHC Turbo
180 PS (132 kW; 178 bhp)
235 N·m (173 lbf·ft)
233 km/h (144.8 mph)
7.9 sec
1997–2001
194 g/km

2.4 V6 12v SOHC (Thai market only)
150 PS (110 kW; 148 bhp)
207 N·m (153 lbf·ft)
220 km/h (136.7 mph)
9.1 sec
1996–1997

2.4 V6 30v DOHC
165 PS (121 kW; 163 bhp)
230 N·m (170 lbf·ft)
225 km/h (139.8 mph)
8.4 sec
1997–2001
226 g/km

2.6 V6 12v SOHC
150 PS (110 kW; 148 bhp)
225 N·m (166 lbf·ft)
220 km/h (136.7 mph)
9.1 sec
1994–1997, 1997–2000 (Indonesia)

S4 2.7 V6 30v Biturbo
265 PS (195 kW; 261 bhp)
400 N·m (295 lbf·ft)
250 km/h (155.3 mph)
5.7 sec
1997–2001

RS4 2.7 V6 30v Biturbo
381 PS (280 kW; 376 bhp)
440 N·m (325 lbf·ft)
262 km/h (162.8 mph)
4.9 sec
1999–2001

2.8 V6 12v SOHC
174 PS (128 kW; 172 bhp)
245 N·m (181 lbf·ft)
230 km/h (142.9 mph)
8.2 sec
1994–1997

2.8 V6 30v DOHC
193 PS (142 kW; 190 bhp)
280 N·m (207 lbf·ft)
240 km/h (149.1 mph)
7.4 sec
1997–2001

diesel engines
all Direct Injection (DI)

1.9 DI I4 8v SOHC
75 PS (55 kW; 74 bhp)
150 N·m (111 lbf·ft)
158 km/h (98.2 mph)

1996–2001

1.9 TDI I4 8v SOHC
90 PS (66 kW; 89 bhp)
202 N·m (149 lbf·ft)
168 km/h (104.4 mph)
13.3 sec
1994–1997
125 g/km

1.9 TDI I4 8v SOHC
90 PS (66 kW; 89 bhp)
210 N·m (155 lbf·ft)
168 km/h (104.4 mph)
13.3 sec
1997–2001
143 g/km

1.9 TDI I4 8v SOHC
110 PS (81 kW; 108 bhp)
225 N·m (166 lbf·ft)
183 km/h (113.7 mph)
11.3 sec
1994–1997
114 g/km

1.9 TDI I4 8v SOHC
110 PS (81 kW; 108 bhp)
235 N·m (173 lbf·ft)
183 km/h (113.7 mph)
11.3 sec
1997–2000
114 g/km

1.9 TDI I4 8v SOHC PD
115 PS (85 kW; 113 bhp)
285 N·m (210 lbf·ft)
185 km/h (115.0 mph)
10.5 sec
2000–2001
123 g/km

2.5 V6 TDI 24v DOHC
150 PS (110 kW; 148 bhp)
310 N·m (229 lbf·ft)
210 km/h (130.5 mph)
9.0 sec
1997–2001
184 g/km

text: Safety[edit]

text: In the Euro NCAP safety and crash tests, the Audi B5 A4 received 3 stars for front- and side-impact protection, but the last star is flagged to indicate that the driver may be subjected to a high risk of chest injury in the side impact.[15]

text:
Adult occupant =
Pedestrian =  (pre 2002 rating)

text: Derived hybrid version[edit]

text: In 1997, Audi was the first European car manufacturer to put a hybrid vehicle into mass production, the third generation Audi duo, then based on the A4 Avant.[16][17]

text: B6 (Typ 8E/8H; 2000–2006)[edit]

text:
Second generation (B6/8E/8H)

Overview

Production
2000–2006 (Germany)
2003–2006 (China; FAW-VW)

Model years
2001–2005
2002–2006 (convertible)

Designer
Peter Schreyer (1997)
Luc Donckerwolke (Avant)

Body and chassis

Body style
4-door saloon/sedan
5-door Avant (estate/wagon)
2-door Cabriolet

Platform
Volkswagen Group B6 (PL46) platform

Related
Audi S4#B6

Powertrain

Engine

Inline-four petrol engine[show]

1.6L I4
1.8L I4 20v Turbo
2.0L I4 20v
2.0L I4 FSI 16v

V6 petrol engine[show]

2.4L V6 30v
3.0L V6 30v

V8 petrol engine[show]

4.2L V8 40v

Inline-four diesel engine[show]

1.9L I4 TDI

V6 diesel engine[show]

2.5L V6 TDI

Transmission

Manual Transmission[show]

5-speed Manual
6-speed Manual

Automatic Transmission[show]

5-speed Automatic
6-speed Automatic

Dimensions

Wheelbase
2,650 mm (104.3 in),
Cabriolet: 2,654 mm (104.5 in)

Length
4,547 mm (179.0 in),
Avant: 4,544 mm (178.9 in); Cabriolet: 4,573 mm (180.0 in)

Width
1,766 mm (69.5 in),
Cabriolet: 1,777 mm (70.0 in)

Height
1,428 mm (56.2 in),
Cabriolet: 1,391 mm (54.8 in)

text: The next A4, internally designated Typ 8E, debuted on 10 October 2000, now riding on the Volkswagen Group B6 (PL46) platform. The car's new styling was developed under Peter Schreyer between 1996–1998, inspired by the Bauhaus design language of the C5 (second-generation) Audi A6 introduced in 1997. The 1.6-litre base model powerplant remained unchanged, but most other petrol/gasoline engines received either displacement increases, or power upgrades. The 1.8-litre 20-valve Turbo was now available in two additional versions, with 150 PS (110 kW; 148 bhp) or 180 PS (132 kW; 178 bhp), this one with a standard six-speed manual gearbox, while the naturally aspirated 1.6-litre inline-four engine and 2.8-litre V6 were replaced by 2.0-litre, and all-aluminium alloy 3.0-litre units, still with five valves per cylinder, the most powerful of which was capable of 220 PS (162 kW; 217 bhp) and 300 newton metres (221 lb·ft) of torque. The 1.9 Turbocharged Direct Injection (TDI) engine was upgraded to 130 PS (96 kW; 128 bhp), with Pumpe Düse (Unit Injector) (PD) technology, and was now available with quattro permanent four-wheel drive, while the 2.5 V6 TDI high-end model was introduced with 180 PS (132 kW; 178 bhp) and standard quattro. This generation of quattro consisted of default of 50:50 front to rear dynamic torque distribution. A Bosch ESP 5.7 Electronic Stability Programme (ESP) system, with anti-lock braking system (ABS), brake assist, and electronic brakeforce distribution (EBD) were standard across the range.

text: The Avant was introduced in June 2001 and arrived in European showrooms in September 2001.[citation needed]

text: For 2002, Audi increased power in the 1.8 Turbo engines to 183 PS (135 kW; 180 bhp) and 190 PS (140 kW; 187 bhp) – the 190 PS variant designated by a red 'T' on the boot lid. Available with four wheel drive and in the 2.5 TDI intermediate version to 163 PS (120 kW; 161 bhp). A 2.0 engine with Fuel Stratified Injection (FSI) was also available. A year later, Audi reintroduced the S4, now powered by a 344 PS (253 kW; 339 bhp) 4.2 L V8 engine, as well as an A4 Cabriolet convertible variant (Typ 8H), finally replacing the 80-based Audi Cabriolet which had been discontinued in 2000. It included an electro-hydraulic operated roof, which lowered in under 30 seconds and incorporated some styling changes, such as body-coloured lower bumper and sill panels, which later found their way to the saloon version.

text: Audi introduced a continuously variable transmission developed by LuK, named multitronic, which replaced the dated conventional automatic transmission on front-wheel drive models. The transmission won considerable praise from the automotive press, and is generally regarded[by whom?] as being the best of its type in the world, due to its light weight and promptness in response.[citation needed] This high strength chain driven CVT was made from highly durable metals and used a very high grade, purpose-designed fully synthetic lubricant. However, there have been widespread complaints from consumers around the world that the transmission box is prone to electronic glitches as well as mechanical problems.[18][19]

text: Borrowing from the Audi A6, the boot was redesigned to remove the extension of the top edge with a smoother fold line. The rear light assemblies now formed part of the top line, these styling cues were eventually borrowed by other European as well as Asian manufacturers.[20]

text: A sport package named 'Ultra Sport' was introduced in the North American market shortly before the B6 was replaced by the B7. It included aluminium interior trim and door sills, "S line" steering wheel, front and rear spoilers, side skirts, and quattro GmbH designed 18-inch RS4 alloy wheels.

text: Engines[edit]

text: The following engines were available:

text:
engine type
cyl.
max. power

petrol engines
all fuel injected

1.6
I4
102 PS (75 kW; 101 bhp)

1.8 Turbo 20v
I4
150 PS (110 kW; 148 bhp)

1.8 Turbo 20v
I4
163 PS (120 kW; 161 bhp)

1.8 Turbo 20v 'S line'
I4
163 PS (120 kW; 161 bhp)

1.8 Turbo 20v 'S line'
I4
190 PS (140 kW; 187 bhp)

2.0 20v
l4
136 PS (100 kW; 134 bhp)

2.0 FSI
l4
150 PS (110 kW; 148 bhp)

2.4 30v
V6
170 PS (125 kW; 168 bhp)

3.0 30v
V6
220 PS (162 kW; 217 bhp)

S4 4.2 40v
V8
344 PS (253 kW; 339 bhp)

diesel engines
all Turbocharged Direct Injection (TDI)

1.9 TDI
I4
100 PS (74 kW; 99 bhp)

1.9 TDI
l4
115 PS (85 kW; 113 bhp)

1.9 TDI
l4
130 PS (96 kW; 128 bhp)

2.5 V6 TDI 24v
V6
155 PS (114 kW; 153 bhp)

2.5 V6 TDI 24v
V6
163 PS (120 kW; 161 bhp)

2.5 V6 TDI 24v
V6
180 PS (132 kW; 178 bhp)

text: Safety[edit]

text: The Audi A4 (B6 & B7) passed the Euro NCAP safety and crash tests, and was awarded the following car safety ratings:[21]

text: The Insurance Institute for Highway Safety (IIHS) awarded both the B6 & B7 a "Good" rating in the frontal crash test; the B7 was not retested since the front portion is structurally the same.[22]

text: B7 (Typ 8E/8H; 2004–2008)[edit]

text:
Third generation (B7/8E/8H)

Overview

Production
2004–2008 (Germany)
2006–2009 (China; FAW-VW)

Model years
2005–2008
2007–2009 (convertible)

Designer
Walter de'Silva (2002, 2003)

Body and chassis

Body style
4-door saloon/sedan,
5-door Avant (estate/wagon),
2-door Cabriolet

Platform
Volkswagen Group B7 (PL46) platform

Related
Audi S4 (B7),
Audi RS4 (B7)
SEAT Exeo

Powertrain

Engine

Inline-four petrol engine[show]

1.6L I4
1.8L I4 20v Turbo
1.8L I4 16v TFSI
2.0L I4 20v
2.0L I4 16v TFSI

V6 petrol engine[show]

3.2L V6 24v FSI

Inline-four diesel engine[show]

1.9L I4 TDI
2.0L I4 TDI

V6 diesel engine[show]

2.5L V6 TDI
2.7L V6 TDI
3.0L V6 TDI

Transmission

Manual Transmission[show]

5-speed Manual
6-speed Manual

Automatic Transmission[show]

6-speed ZF 6 hp Tiptronic

Continuously Variable Transmission[show]

7-speed Multitronic

Dimensions

Wheelbase
2,648 mm (104.3 in)

Length
4,586 mm (180.6 in),
Cabriolet: 4,573 mm (180.0 in)

Width
1,772 mm (69.8 in),
Cabriolet: 1,777 mm (70.0 in)

Height
1,427 mm (56.2 in),
Cabriolet: 1,518 mm (59.8 in)

text: Audi introduced a revised A4 in late 2004, with the internal designation of B7. Although given a new platform designation, the B7 was essentially a heavily facelifted and revised version of the B6, with revised steering settings, suspension geometry,[specify] new internal combustion engine ranges, navigation systems and chassis electronics (including a new advanced Bosch ESP 8.0 Electronic Stability Programme (ESP) system). The front grille assembly changed to a tall trapezoidal shape in the same manner as the C6 (third-generation) Audi A6, however the dashboard and interior were virtually unchanged from the B6 aside from minor detailing.

text: Audi's internal platform nomenclature uses PL46 (passenger car longitudinal platform, size 4, generation 6) for both B6 and B7 chassis. The Typ 8E and Typ 8H internal designations are also carried over from the B6 A4 range, but now have an additional identifying suffix – 8EC for the saloon, 8ED for the Avant, and 8HE for the Cabriolet.

text: The engine lineup received many additions. The 2005 introduction of Fuel Stratified Injection (FSI) on the 2.0 TFSI and 3.2 V6 FSI petrol/gasoline engines, as well as other refinements, increased power output to 200 PS (147 kW; 197 bhp) and 255 PS (188 kW; 252 bhp), respectively. These engines both use a four-valve per cylinder configuration. The prior 5-valve design was incompatible with the FSI direct injection system (due to the siting of the fuel injector, now discharging directly into the combustion chamber). The 2.0 Turbocharged Direct Injection (TDI) diesel engine now combined Pumpe Düse (Unit Injector) (PD) technology with 16 valves, while the larger 2.5 TDI V6 diesel was superseded by a 3.0 V6 TDI, offering a 204 PS (150 kW; 201 bhp) model during the year 2005 which was upgraded to a 233 PS (171 kW; 230 bhp) model in 2006. A 2.7 V6 TDI was added later.

text: Torsen T-2 based quattro permanent four-wheel drive remained as an option on most A4 models. Audi retired its 5-speed manual transmissions in favour of a new Getrag 6-speed. As before, multitronic continuously variable transmission (CVT), now with selectable 'seven-speeds', was an option on front-wheel drive models, whilst a conventional ZF 6HP 6-speed tiptronic automatic transmission was an option on the quattro four-wheel drive models.

text: In addition to the Audi S4, which carried over the powertrain from the B6 S4 – Audi reintroduced the quattro GmbH developed Audi RS4 (RS for RennSport) to the lineup, for the first time on the saloon/sedan and Cabriolet body, and with a naturally aspirated, but high-revving 4.2-litre V8 FSI engine. Another notable[according to whom?] inclusion on the RS4 is the latest generation Torsen T-3 quattro 4wd system, which uses a 'default' asymmetric 40:60 front-rear dynamic torque distribution bias. This new asymmetric centre differential was initially only available on the RS4, but was added a year later on the S4. The remainder of the B7 A4 range still used the T-2 50:50 default dynamic split centre diff.

text: A variant, developed by quattro GmbH, was first introduced in May 2005, named "Audi A4 DTM Edition". It was inspired from Audi's race cars of the 2004 Deutsche Tourenwagen Masters, and was reintroduced in 2006 as a regular option. The 2.0T FSI engine received revised software mapping to the ECU, which increased the output to 220 PS (162 kW; 217 bhp) and 300 N·m (221 lb·ft) of torque. It was available with front-wheel drive, or quattro four-wheel drive.

text: The B7 Cabriolet model arrived later than the other two body variants, with sales beginning in February 2006. New on the Cabriolet was an entry-level 2.0 TDI version, but to date, this is not being offered with the multitronic CVT gearbox.

text: In 2007 Audi introduced a version of the B7 named the 'Special Edition', which built on the S-Line specification and also included the black optics pack, the RS4 style 8J X 18 '7-arm double spoke' design alloy wheels, Two-tone Graphite/Black Volterra leather, 3-spoke sports leather/Alcantara multi-function steering wheel with gear knob and hand brake handle in Alcantara with silver stitching, ventilated cross-drilled front disc-brakes, black tailpipes and black roof rails (avant model only). It also had a power increase of 20PS, giving an output of 220PS on the 2.0T model.

text: According to 2007 Swedish vehicle inspection data, the Audi A4 Avant with diesel engine is the most reliable vehicle available on the market, with vehicle inspection rejection rate of 0.0% in three-year-old category.[23]

text: SEAT Exeo[edit]

text: When the successor B8 A4 range was introduced, the B7 series A4 was restyled and rebadged as the SEAT Exeo in 2008 with changes to the front and rear plus interior trim from the A4 Cabriolet. The entire Audi B7 A4 production line from Audi's Ingolstadt plant was dismantled and sent to Volkswagen Group's related SEAT factory in Martorell, Spain.[24]

text: Engines[edit]

text: The following engines were available:

text:
engine type
/ drive
max. power
saloon
Avant
Cabriolet
0-100 km/h (62 mph)
(saloon / manual transmission)
top speed
(saloon / manual transmission)

petrol engines
all fuel injected

1.6
102 PS (75 kW; 101 bhp)
✓
✓

12.6 sec
118.1 mph (190 km/h)

1.8 T
163 PS (120 kW; 161 bhp)
✓
✓
✓
8.6 sec
141.7 mph (228 km/h)

1.8 T quattro
163 PS (120 kW; 161 bhp)
✓
✓

8.7 sec
140.5 mph (226 km/h)

2.0
130 PS (96 kW; 128 bhp)
✓
✓

9.9 sec
131.8 mph (212 km/h)

2.0 TFSI [B7 1]
200 PS (147 kW; 197 bhp)
✓
✓
✓
7.1 sec
149.8 mph (241 km/h)

2.0 TFSI quattro [B7 1]
200 PS (147 kW; 197 bhp)
✓
✓
✓
7.2 sec
147.9 mph (238 km/h)

2.0 TFSI [B7 1][B7 2]
220 PS (162 kW; 217 bhp)
✓
✓

7.0 sec
153.5 mph (247 km/h)

2.0 TFSI quattro [B7 1][B7 2]
220 PS (162 kW; 217 bhp)
✓
✓

6.9 sec
151.7 mph (244 km/h)

3.2 V6 FSI
256 PS (188 kW; 252 bhp)
✓
✓
✓
6.8 sec
155.4 mph (250 km/h) (elec. limited)

3.2 V6 FSI quattro
256 PS (188 kW; 252 bhp)
✓
✓
✓
6.4 sec
155.4 mph (250 km/h) (elec. limited)

4.2 V8 S4
344 PS (253 kW; 339 bhp)
✓
✓
✓
5.6 sec
155.4 mph (250 km/h) (elec. limited)

4.2 V8 RS4
420 PS (309 kW; 414 bhp)
✓
✓
✓
4.8 sec
155.4 mph (250 km/h) (elec. limited)

diesel engines
all Turbocharged Direct Injection (TDI)

1.9 TDI
115 PS (85 kW; 113 bhp)
✓
✓

11.2 sec
124.9 mph (201 km/h)

2.0 TDI [B7 3]
140 PS (103 kW; 138 bhp)
✓
✓
✓
9.7 sec
131.8 mph (212 km/h)

2.0 TDI quattro
140 PS (103 kW; 138 bhp)
✓
✓
✓
9.7 sec
128.7 mph (207 km/h)

2.0 TDI
170 PS (125 kW; 168 bhp)
✓
✓

8.6 sec
141.7 mph (228 km/h)

2.0 TDI quattro
170 PS (125 kW; 168 bhp)
✓
✓

8.5 sec
139.2 mph (224 km/h)

2.5 V6 TDI [B7 4]
163 PS (120 kW; 161 bhp)
✓
✓

8.8 sec
141.1 mph (227 km/h)

2.7 V6 TDI [B7 5]
180 PS (132 kW; 178 bhp)
✓
✓
✓
8.4 sec
142 mph (229 km/h)

3.0 V6 TDI quattro [B7 6]
204 PS (150 kW; 201 bhp)
✓
✓

7.2 sec
146 mph (235 km/h)

3.0 V6 TDI quattro [B7 5]
233 PS (171 kW; 230 bhp)
✓
✓
✓
6.8 sec
152.25 mph (245 km/h)

text:
^ Jump up to: a b c d TFSI combines turbocharger and FSI. The badge simply states 2.0 T though.
^ Jump up to: a b In 2005 only available as DTM Edition. From summer 2006 on available for all saloon and Avant.
Jump up ^ There were two different versions – one had an 8 valve cylinder head the other had 16 valves. They had the same power and torque output and performed equally. Customers could not choose directly between those two engines. They got the 16-valve version when they ordered the DPF otherwise they got the 8-valve version. In many countries the DPF became standard equipment for all B7 diesel engines from model year 2006 on and the 8-valve engine was no more.
Jump up ^ Only available for model year 2005. No DPF available for this engine. In 2006 replaced by the 2.7 V6 TDI engine.
^ Jump up to: a b Not available before model year 2006.
Jump up ^ Only available for model year 2005. In 2006 replaced by a stronger version of the same engine.

tag: ol

text: Safety[edit]

text: The Audi A4 offers many standard safety features, including Bosch ESP 8.0 Electronic Stability Programme (ESP) with anti-lock braking system (ABS), side airbags in the seats, 'sideguard' curtain airbags, and its optional quattro four-wheel drive system. It also received the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety (IIHS) "Top Safety Pick For 2007".[25][26] EuroNCAP crash test results from the B6 apply to the B7 model.

text: B8 (Typ 8K; 2008–2016)[edit]

text:
Fourth generation (B8/8K)

Overview

Production
October 2007-2015

Model years
pre-facelift 2008–2011
facelift 2012-2016

Assembly
Ingolstadt, Germany
Neckarsulm, Germany
Aurangabad, India (Audi India)(CKD)[27]
Changchun, China (FAW-VW)

Designer
Julian Höenig (exterior: 2004, 2005)[28]
Ingo Von Bargen (interior: 2005)[29]

Body and chassis

Body style
4-door saloon/sedan,
5-door Avant (estate/wagon)

Platform
Volkswagen Group B8 (MLB/MLP) platform

Related
Audi A5
Audi S4 (B8)
Audi RS4 (B8)

Powertrain

Engine

Inline-four petrol engine[show]

1.8L TFSI I4
2.0L TFSI I4

V6 petrol engine[show]

3.0L V6 TFSI
3.2L V6 FSI

V8 petrol engine[show]

4.2L V8 FSI

Inline-four diesel engine[show]

2.0L TDI I4

V6 diesel engine[show]

2.7L V6 TDI
3.0L V6 TDI

Transmission

Manual Transmission[show]

6-speed Manual

Automatic Transmission[show]

6-speed Tiptronic
8-speed automatic

Dual-clutch Transmission[show]

7-speed S tronic

Continuously Variable Transmission[show]

8-speed Multitronic

Dimensions

Wheelbase
2,808 mm (110.6 in)
allroad: 2,805 mm (110.4 in)
LWB: 2,869 mm (113.0 in)

Length
4,703 mm (185.2 in)
allroad: 4,721 mm (185.9 in)
LWB: 4,763 mm (187.5 in)

Width
1,826 mm (71.9 in)
allroad: 1,841 mm (72.5 in)

Height
1,427 mm (56.2 in)
Avant: 1,436 mm (56.5 in)
allroad: 1,495 mm (58.9 in)
LWB: 1,426 mm (56.1 in)

text: Audi released the first official pictures of the B8 series A4 in August 2007, and unveiled the car to the public at the September 2007 Frankfurt Motor Show. Saloon/sedan and Avant (estate/wagon) models are offered. The Avant was unveiled to the public at the March 2008 Geneva Motor Show. For North America destined models, the B8 continued in production for the 2016 model year, while Europe began deliveries on the 2016 B9 model.

text: The B8 A4 is built on a variant of the Audi Modular Longitudinal Platform, a platform which is also used in the Audi A5 coupé. Whilst prior A4 chassis were limited in wheelbase due to the relationship between the engine, transmission and front axle, the MLP allows for a reduced front overhang, resulting in a greater wheelbase length without the same increase in overall length.[30] This effectively redistributes the centre of gravity slightly rearwards, improving handling by better balancing vehicle mass between the front and rear axles. The estimated static front:rear weight ratio of the B8 A4 is approximately 55:45, depending on body style and engine. The relocation of the steering rack in front of the axle also improves handling over previous A4 platforms.[citation needed] Key to the implementation of MLB is the novel mounting of the differential in front of the clutch. This is achieved by driving the flywheel/clutch remotely by means of a 'top hat' shaped drive plate, between which the differential lay shaft passes, whilst power transmission to the final drive is via an inclined transfer shaft which runs the length of the transmission unit. Whilst the platform retains Audi's "overhung" engine mounting position, the front axle is now 152mm further forward than the previous B6/B7 generation platform.[31] The transfer shaft however has the effect of creating a large "bulge" on one side of the transmission tunnel, which on right-hand drive versions forces the pedals to be badly offset, which has attracted criticism from the British motoring press in particular.

text: The B8 A4 has increased in wheelbase by 160 millimetres (6.3 in) and in length by 117 millimetres (4.6 in) over the prior B7, which has allowed for increased rear seating legroom. Although the overall dimensions have increased, the kerb weight has dropped some 10%. The boot (trunk) has also increased to 480 litres (17.0 cu ft) for the saloon (sedan) version. The A4 Avant will have a maximum capacity of 1,430 L (50.5 cu ft) with the rear seats folded down.

text: Reception has been mixed, with praise for the Audi A4's increased size, giving it best-in-class rear legroom and trunk space in the compact executive car segment.[32] Its inline-4 2.0 TFSI engine, while efficient providing plenty of torque, was considered lacking and less refined compared to 6-cylinder engines of lighter rivals who posted faster acceleration times. However, the Audi S4 sports sedan has been well-received for its V6 3.0 TFSI engine's power and efficiency.[33][34][35]

text: The B8 A4 was facelifted in early 2012.

text: During a model cycle changes are made to integrate new technologies and to keep the model competitive. These changes are referenced based on the model year (MY) of the car. In Australia, the B8 has undergone 2 revisions leading to three variants, the B8, B8 MY10[36] and B8 MY11.

text: Body types[edit]

text: Sedan[edit]

text: Avant[edit]

text: The Avant station wagon was unveiled to the public at the March 2008 Geneva Motor Show.

text: The A4L is a long-wheelbase version for the Chinese market, with a 60 mm (2.4 in) longer wheelbase and length.[37] The vehicle was unveiled at the 2008 Guangzhou Motor Show. The production version then went on sale in January 2009. Launch models included a 2.0 TFSI with 132 kW (180 hp) and the 3.2 FSI with 195 kW (265 hp).[38]

text: A4 allroad quattro[edit]

text: The A4 allroad quattro features a wider track, increased ground clearance, quattro permanent four-wheel drive, a distinctive radiator grille, stainless steel underbody guards and roof rails.

text: The A4 allroad quattro was made available in early summer 2009.[39] The car was unveiled in 2009 Geneva Motor Show.[40]

text: Specifications[edit]

text: Body styles[edit]

text:
Body
Sedan
Avant
A4L
allroad quattro

Year
2011–
2010–
2009

Luggage capacity
480 litres (17.0 cu ft) with the rear seats in the upright position, and 962 L (34.0 cu ft) with the seats folded
490 L (17.3 cu ft) with the rear seats upright, and 1,430 L (50.5 cu ft) with the seats folded
?

Curb weight
1,410 kg (3,109 lb) to 1,690 kg (3,726 lb)
1,470 kg (3,241 lb) to 1,695 kg (3,737 lb)
?

text: The A4-based convertible models were replaced by the A5/S5 Cabriolet.

text: Powertrain[edit]

text: The B8 powertrain options are the following: engines, transmissions and drivelines:[41] (All United Kingdom specification unless stated otherwise).[42](for South Africa specification).[43](for Australia specification).[44](for New Zealand specification).

text:
Model
Engine code
Years
displacement / type
Power@rpm
Torque@rpm

Petrol engines

1.8 TFSI
CABA/CDHA
2008–2015
1,798 cc (110 cu in) 16v I4 turbo
120 PS (88 kW; 118 hp) @4500–6200
230 N·m (170 lb·ft) @1500–3650

1.8 TFSI, 1.8 TFSI quattro
CABB/CDHB
2007–2011
1,798 cc (110 cu in) 16v I4 turbo
160 PS (118 kW; 158 hp) @4500–6200
250 N·m (184 lb·ft) @1500–4500

1.8 TFSI, 1.8 TFSI quattro
CJEB
2011–2015
1,798 cc (110 cu in) 16v I4 turbo
170 PS (125 kW; 168 hp) @3800–6200
320 N·m (236 lb·ft) @1400–3700

2.0 TFSI, 2.0 TFSI quattro
CDNB/CAEA/CFKA
2008–2015
1,984 cc (121.1 cu in) 16v I4 turbo
180 PS (132 kW; 178 hp) @4000–6000
320 N·m (236 lb·ft) @1500–3900

2.0 TFSI, 2.0 TFSI quattro
CDNC
2008–2013
1,984 cc (121 cu in) 16v I4 turbo
211 PS (155 kW; 208 hp) @4300–6000
350 N·m (258 lb·ft) @1500–4200

2.0 TFSI, 2.0 TFSI quattro
CNCD
2013–2016
1,984 cc (121 cu in) 16v I4 turbo
225 PS (165 kW; 222 hp) @4500–6250
350 N·m (258 lb·ft) @1500–4500

3.0 TFSI quattro
CMUA
2012–2015
2,995 cc (183 cu in) 24v V6 supercharged
272 PS (200 kW; 268 hp) @4780-6500
400 N·m (295 lb·ft) @2150–4780

S4 quattro
CAKA
2008–2015
2,995 cc (183 cu in) 24v V6 supercharged
333 PS (245 kW; 328 hp) @5500–7000
440 N·m (325 lb·ft) @2900–5300

3.2 FSI, 3.2 FSI quattro
CALA
2007–2011
3,197 cc (195 cu in) 24v V6
265 PS (195 kW; 261 hp) @6500 @5500–7000
330 N·m (243 lb·ft) @3000–5000

RS4 quattro
CFSA
2012–2015
4,163 cc (254 cu in) 32v V8
450 PS (331 kW; 444 hp) @8250
430 N·m (317 lb·ft) @4000–6000

Diesel engines

2.0 TDI
CAGC
2008–
1,968 cc (120 cu in) 16v I4 turbo
120 PS (88 kW; 118 hp) @4200
290 N·m (214 lb·ft) @1750–2500

2.0 TDI e
CAGB
2009–
1,968 cc (120 cu in) 16v I4 turbo
136 PS (100 kW; 134 hp) @4200
320 N·m (236 lb·ft) @1750–2500

2.0 TDI, 2.0 TDI quattro
CAGA
2007–
1,968 cc (120 cu in) 16v I4 variable geometry turbo
143 PS (105 kW; 141 hp) @4200
320 N·m (236 lb·ft) @1750–2500

2.0 TDI, 2.0 TDI quattro
CAHA
2008–
1,968 cc (120 cu in) 16v I4 variable geometry turbo
170 PS (125 kW; 168 hp) @4200
350 N·m (258 lb·ft) @1750–2500

2.7 TDI
CAMA/CGKA
2007–
2,698 cc (165 cu in) 24v V6 turbo
190 PS (140 kW; 187 hp) @3500–4400
400 N·m (295 lb·ft) @1400–3250

3.0 TDI quattro
CAPA/CCWA
2007–
2,967 cc (181 cu in) 24v V6 turbo
240 PS (177 kW; 237 hp) @4000–4400
500 N·m (369 lb·ft) @1500–3000

text: The quattro permanent four-wheel drive system uses the latest Torsen T-3 centre differential, with a default 40:60 front to rear asymmetric torque distribution ratio (used first on the B7 RS4) as standard. (Previous A4 quattro models split torque with a default front:rear 50:50). The additional torque bias applied to the rear wheels helps mimic the driving dynamics of rear wheel drive cars.

text: Audi was reported to stop offering 3.2L V6 models in 2010 model year,[45] but still offers them as of August 2011 (Germany).

text: All petrol engines use Fuel Stratified Injection (FSI), and all diesel engines use the common rail fuel delivery (with a pressure of 1,600 bars (23,000 psi)), with piezo injectors of their Turbocharged Direct Injection engines.

text: Transmissions[edit]

text: In 2009, Audi announced the seven-speed dual-clutch S tronic transmission as option for A4 in UK and European markets.[46]

text: All A4L models include Speed 8 multitronic continuously variable/manual transmission, except for A4L 3.2 FSI quattro, which includes Tiptronic automatic transmission.

text: Volkswagen settled a class-action lawsuit in 2013 involving the failures of the CVT transmission in its Audi A4 and A6 automobiles for model years 2002–2006[47]

text: Performance[edit]

text:
Vehicle model, transmission
Acceleration 0-100 km/h (62 mph) (s)
(saloon)
top speed (saloon)
CO2 emissions (g/km) (saloon)
(Directive
80/1268/EEC)
notes

2.0 TFSI, 6-speed Manual
6.9
250 km/h (155 mph)
(elec. limited)
149

1.8 TFSI, 6-speed Manual
8.6
225 km/h (140 mph)
164

1.8 TFSI, 8-speed Multitronic CVT
8.6
250 km/h (155 mph)
169

2.0 TFSI, 8-speed Multitronic CVT
8.2
236 km/h (147 mph)
167
Aus/NZ/ZA
only

2.0 TFSI, 8-speed Multitronic CVT
6.9
241 km/h (150 mph)
167

2.0 TFSI quattro,
6-speed Manual
6.6
246 km/h (153 mph)
169

2.0 TFSI quattro,
7-speed S tronic
6.5
241 km/h (150 mph)
172

3.2 FSI, Multitronic CVT
6.5
250 km/h (155 mph)
(elec. limited)
194

3.2 FSI quattro, 6-speed Manual
6.0
250 km/h (155 mph) (elec. limited)
213

3.2 FSI quattro, 6-speed Tiptronic
6.1
250 km/h (155 mph) (elec. limited)
215

Diesel engines (all common rail (CR) Turbocharged Direct Injection (TDI))

2.0 TDI, 6-speed Manual
10.7
205 km/h (127 mph)
129

2.0 TDI, 6-speed Manual
9.4
215 km/h (134 mph)
134

2.0 TDI, 8-speed Multitronic CVT
9.4
215 km/h (134 mph)
149

2.0 TDI 6-speed Manual
8.3
230 km/h (143 mph)
134

2.0 TDI quattro, 6-speed Manual
8.3
226 km/h (140 mph)
149

2.7 TDI, 8-speed Multitronic CVT
7.7
226 km/h (140 mph)
167

3.0 TDI quattro,
6-speed Manual
6.1
250 km/h (155 mph) (elec. limited)
172

3.0 TDI quattro, 6-speed Tiptronic
6.3
250 km/h (155 mph) (elec. limited)
182

text: Equipment[edit]

text: Standard equipment on the B8 A4 includes:

text:
LED daytime running lights (on some models);
MMI system (Multi Media Interface) (multi-mode interface of driver information and entertainment systems); (3rd generation MMI expected in vehicles produced from week 22 of 2009)
Electronic hand brake
Speed sensitive power steering ('servotronic' – on some models)

text: Options:

text:
Audi Lane Assist (lane departure warning system);
Audi Side Assist (blind spot monitor);
Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC);
Advanced Key (keyless entry and start);
Bang & Olufsen sound system (505W);
Advanced parking system front and rear with reversing camera;
Navigation system with full MMI with 7-inch (180 mm) screen;
Adaptive headlights (with cornering technology);
Audi Drive Select;[48]

text: Safety[edit]

text: Euro NCAP[edit]

text: The Audi A4 (B8) Euro NCAP crash tests ratings (pre-2009 testing):[49]

text:
Adult occupant =
Child occupant =
Pedestrian =

text: Euro NCAP (2009 testing):[50]

text:
Overall =
Adult occupant = 93%
Child occupant = 84%
Pedestrian = 39%

text: Insurance Institute for Highway Safety (IIHS)[edit]

text:
IIHS scores:[51]

Moderate overlap frontal offset
Good

Small overlap frontal offset
Good (2017 models)

Side impact
Good

Roof strength
Good

text: Head and seat restraints Good

text: NHTSA[edit]

text:
NHTSA 2012 A4 saloon FWD:[52]

Overall:

Frontal Driver:

Frontal Passenger:

Side Driver:

Side Passenger:

Side Pole Driver:

Rollover:

text: A4 TDI concept e (2008)[edit]

text: It includes a common rail 1,968 cc (120 cu in) TDI diesel engine rated at 120 PS (88 kW; 118 hp) and 290 N·m (210 lb·ft), a stop-start system and regenerative braking. It can achieve a fuel consumption of 3.99L/100 km (58.95 mpg[53]) and CO2 output of 105 g/km. It can accelerate 0-100 km/h (62 mph) in 10.7 seconds, with top speed of 206 km/h (128 mph).

text: Other features include electric motor-based power steering, revised aerodynamics, low-rolling resistance 225/45R17 tyres, and electric actuation of the rear brakes.

text: The car was unveiled in Paris Motor Show.[54]

text: Facelift (2012–2015)[edit]

text: The facelift model Audi A4 came in 2011. It features redesigned LED headlamps and tail lights, front air dam with fog lamps, and closely set twin exhausts. Interior changes include a three-spoke steering wheel and a redesigned ignition key. Controls for air-conditioning, infotainment, and power windows gain chrome clasps. Other detail interior changes include larger steering column stalk switches first seen in the D4-series Audi A8 and a simplified layout for the HVAC control panel – for example the temperature setting for the heated seats is now directly set by a single button and is no longer controlled using the MMI dial. The A4 includes radio with eight speakers as standard, while MMI navigation system with voice dialogue is optional. A new "Drive Select System" allows drivers to choose comfort, dynamic, individual, or efficiency modes for fuel efficiency. Power output of the 1.8 TFSI engine is 170 BHP and 320 Nm of torque – up 10 BHP and 70 Nm from the previous versions. Electro-mechanical power steering is standard.

text: In Europe, the wide range of Audi A4 saloon and Avant estate are available with the 1.8 TFSI, 2.0 TFSI gasoline engine, as well as 2.0 TDI, 2.0 TDIe, and 3.0 TDI diesel motor. Trim levels are Attraction, Ambition, and Ambiente. In the UK, the A4 range is offered in SE, SE Technik, S line, and Black Edition model grades. All wheel drive quattro are offered in most engine and grade combinations.

text: For North America, the facelift model Audi A4 sedan is only offered with 2.0 TFSI gasoline engine. Model grades are Premium, Premium Plus, and Prestige. The Avant was discontinued, leaving the Allroad quattro as the only station wagon body style. For the 2016 model year, the A4 and S4 continued in B8 production. The B9 A4 would not reach the North American market until the 2017 model year, while the S4 variant would not be available until the 2018 model year.

text: B9 (Typ 8W; 2015–present )[edit]

text:
Fifth generation (B9/8W)

Audi A4 4-door sedan

Overview

Production
2015–present

Model years
2016–present

Designer
Frank Rimili
Ruediger Mueller (interior)

Body and chassis

Body style
4-door saloon/sedan,
5-door Avant (estate/wagon)

Platform
Volkswagen Group B9 (MLB/MLP) platform

Related
Audi A5
Audi Q7

Powertrain

Engine

Inline-four petrol engine[show]

1.4L TFSI I4
2.0L TFSI I4

Inline-four diesel engine[show]

2.0L TDI I4

V6 diesel engine[show]

3.0L V6 TDI

Transmission
6-speed manual
7-speed S-tronic
9-speed S-tronic

Dimensions

Wheelbase
2,820 mm (111.0 in)

Length
4,726 mm (186.1 in)

Width
1,842 mm (72.5 in)

Height
1,427 mm (56.2 in)

text: The next-generation B9 version of the A4 was revealed in June 2015 – the fifth model to carry the A4 badge, and the ninth generation of the Audi 80/A4 series overall. Pre-production versions were released to the motoring press, whilst the official launch occurred at the Frankfurt Motor Show in September 2015. The B9 is slightly larger than the outgoing B8, but Audi claim the new A4 is around 120 kg (260 lb) lighter than its predecessor.[55]

text:
Sedan / Saloon

A4L

Avant

Allroad quattro

Interior

text: Engines[edit]

text: Seven engines are available from launch, three petrols and four diesels.[55] All are available in both the A4 Saloon and A4 Avant. The figures below are for the saloon only.

text:
engine type
max. power
max. torque
0–100 km/h (62 mph)
top speed
CO2 emissions
fuel consumption (combined)

petrol engines

1.4 TFSI
150 PS (110 kW; 148 bhp)
250 N·m (184 lb·ft) @ 1500-3500 rpm
8.7 sec
210 km/h (130 mph)
131 g/km
5.5 L/100 km (51 mpg‑imp; 43 mpg‑US)

2.0 TFSI ultra
190 PS (140 kW; 187 bhp)
320 N·m (236 lb·ft) @ 1450-4200 rpm
7.2 sec
210 km/h (130 mph)
124 g/km
5.5 L/100 km (51 mpg‑imp; 43 mpg‑US)

2.0 TFSI
252 PS (185 kW; 249 bhp)
370 N·m (273 lb·ft) @ 1600-4500 rpm
5.8 sec
250 km/h (155 mph)
137 g/km
5.9 L/100 km (48 mpg‑imp; 40 mpg‑US)

3.0 V6 TFSI (S4)
354 PS (260 kW; 349 bhp)
500 N·m (369 lb·ft) @ 1370-4500 rpm
4.4 sec
250 km/h (155 mph)
170 g/km
7.5 L/100 km (38 mpg‑imp; 31 mpg‑US)

diesel engines

2.0 TDI
122 PS (90 kW; 120 bhp)
270 N·m (199 lb·ft) @ 1500-3000 rpm
10.5 sec
205 km/h (127 mph)
110 g/km
4.2 L/100 km (67 mpg‑imp; 56 mpg‑US)

2.0 TDI
136 PS (100 kW; 134 bhp)
320 N·m (236 lb·ft) @ 1500-3000 rpm
9.2 sec
210 km/h (130 mph)
111 g/km
98 g/km
4.2 L/100 km (67 mpg‑imp; 56 mpg‑US)
3.8 L/100 km (74 mpg‑imp; 62 mpg‑US)

2.0 TDI
2.0 TDI ultra
150 PS (110 kW; 148 bhp)
320 N·m (236 lb·ft) @ 1500-3250 rpm
8.9 sec
221 km/h (137 mph)
210 km/h (130 mph)
111 g/km
99 g/km
4.2 L/100 km (67 mpg‑imp; 56 mpg‑US)
3.8 L/100 km (74 mpg‑imp; 62 mpg‑US)

2.0 TDI
2.0 TDI ultra
190 PS (140 kW; 187 bhp)
400 N·m (295 lb·ft) @ 1750-3000 rpm
7.7 sec
240 km/h (149 mph)
210 km/h (130 mph)
118 g/km
102 g/km
4.5 L/100 km (63 mpg‑imp; 52 mpg‑US)
3.9 L/100 km (72 mpg‑imp; 60 mpg‑US)

3.0 TDI V6
218 PS (160 kW; 215 bhp)
400 N·m (295 lb·ft) @ 1250-3750 rpm
6.6 sec
250 km/h (155 mph)
117 g/km
4.5 L/100 km (63 mpg‑imp; 52 mpg‑US)

3.0 TDI V6 quattro
272 PS (200 kW; 268 bhp)
600 N·m (443 lb·ft) @ 1500-3000 rpm
5.3 sec
250 km/h (155 mph)
137 g/km
5.2 L/100 km (54 mpg‑imp; 45 mpg‑US)

text: Motorsport[edit]

text: A4 DTM[edit]

text: Audi Sport re-entered the Deutsche Tourenwagen Masters (DTM) series in 2004 (after having privateer teams run the Abt Sportsline Audi TT-R) with a V8 engined silhouette racing car resembling the A4 saloon, known as the Audi A4 DTM.[56] A4 DTM cars are identified by Audi Sport "R"-prefix designations.[57]

text: Australian Super Touring Championship[edit]

text: Brad Jones won the Australian Super Touring Championship in both 1996 and 1998 driving an A4.

text: BTCC[edit]

text: The A4 was used in the 1996–1998 and 2011-2015 British Touring Car Championship seasons.

text: ETCC[edit]

text: The A4 was used in the 2000–2001 European Super Touring Championship season.

text: Italian touring cars[edit]

text: A4 drivers won the Italian Superturismo Championship in 1995 and 1996.

text: STCC[edit]

text: Drivers in an A4 won the 2001, 2002, 2003 and 2006 Swedish Touring Car Championship season.

text: STW[edit]

text: The A4 was entered into the 1995 Super Tourenwagen Cup season.

text: RTCC[edit]

text: The car was used in the 2006 Russian Touring Car Championship.

text: SCCA[edit]

text: The A4 was used in the SCCA World Challenge for several years.


document_title: List of Charlie and the Chocolate Factory characters

question_text: who was the gum chewing character in roald dahl's charlie and the chocolate factory

question_tokens: who was the gum chewing character in roald dahl 's charlie and the chocolate factory

root

text: Willy Wonka[edit]

text:
Willy Wonka

First appearance
Charlie and the Chocolate Factory

Created by
Roald Dahl

Portrayed by
Gene Wilder (1971)
Johnny Depp (2005)

Voiced by
James Arnold Taylor (2005 video game)
JP Karliak (Tom and Jerry: Willy Wonka and the Chocolate Factory)

Information

Gender
Male

tag: table

text: In the novels and films, Willy Wonka is the odd owner of an extremely prosperous chocolates factory. The inciting action of the story occurs when Wonka holds a contest, hiding five Golden Tickets within the wrappers of confectionery bars, promising their discoverers a tour of his factory and a lifelong supply of his creations. Implications stand in all three versions that he allows four of his five finalists to disgrace themselves, in hope that one does not.

tag: p

text: In the book, Wonka is described by Roald Dahl as having a goatee and "marvelously" bright eyes, a high and "flutey" voice, a face "alight of fun and laughter", and quick little jerky movements "like a squirrel". He is enthusiastic, eccentric, charming, talkative, and friendly, but at times insensitive, and has been given to glossing criticisms of himself.

text: In the 1971 film Willy Wonka and the Chocolate Factory, he is portrayed by Gene Wilder. While his personality remains generally the same as in the original, he is more melancholy here, and frequently quotes books and poems, including William Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet ("Is it my soul that calls upon my name?") or John Masefield's "Sea Fever" ("All I ask is a tall ship and a star to steer her by"), and the famous "Candy is dandy, but liquor is quicker" from "Reflections on Ice Breaking" by Ogden Nash, among many others. Toward the end of the film, he tests protagonist Charlie's conscience by pretending to deny him any reward, but assumes an almost paternal role when Charlie proves honest. And as Charlie places the gobstopper on Wonka's desk, Wonka declares Charlie the winner and apologies for his anger and tell him to meet his assistant Mr. Wilkinson (known earlier as "Slugworth"). He explains they had to test him and Charlie passed. As they go to the Wonkavator, Wonka tells Charlie that the real grand prize is the entire chocolate factory and makes Charlie Bucket the new owner of the Willy Wonka Chocolate factory (as Willy Wonka retires), and the entire family can move in and live there. Wonka also reminds Charlie not to forget about the man who suddenly gets everything he ever wanted: he lives happily ever after.

text: In the 2005 film Charlie and the Chocolate Factory, he is portrayed by Johnny Depp. In this version, a back-story was added that Willy Wonka's father (being a dentist) would not let him eat sweets because of the potential risk to his teeth, and that the young Wonka left home to become a chocolatier. The conflict was so bad on young Wonka (portrayed by Blair Dunlop), that he took no interest in the kids when they arrived and couldn't even say the word "parent". He later gains a soft spot for Charlie and offers him a spoon from the chocolate river. Toward the end of the film, Charlie reconciles the two.

text: Charlie Bucket[edit]

text:
Charlie Bucket

Charlie and the Chocolate Factory character

First appearance
Charlie and the Chocolate Factory

Created by
Roald Dahl

Portrayed by
Peter Ostrum (1971)
Freddie Highmore (2005)

Voiced by
Freddie Highmore (2005 video game)
Lincoln Melcher (Tom and Jerry: Willy Wonka and the Chocolate Factory)

Information

Gender
Male

Family
Joe Bucket (grandfather)
Josephine Bucket (grandmother)
Nathan Bucket (father)
Hellen Bucket (mother)
George Bucketass (grandfather)
Georgina Bucketass (grandmother)

text: Charlie Bucket is a title character and the protagonist of Charlie and the Chocolate Factory, its sequel Charlie and the Great Glass Elevator, and the film adaptations of these books.[1] He is depicted as a kind-hearted, nice, selfless, sweet, brave, but poor boy that lives with his mother, father and his four grandparents. In 1971, he has a newspaper route after school. He and his family follow the progress of the hunt for the Golden Tickets in newspapers, in films, and on television. Unlike the first four finalists, Charlie is honest and generous. In the 1971 film, Charlie was portrayed by Peter Ostrum, in his only film appearance. His nationality is never explicitly stated, but in the 1971 film, he speaks with an American accent, and in the 2005 film, he speaks with an English accent. The filmmakers have stated that it was their intention that Charlie's hometown be kept ambiguous.

text: In the novel, at the end of the tour, Wonka declares Charlie heir to the factory for his refusal of vice, and Charlie's family are permitted to move into the factory. In the 1971 film, Charlie wins the factory when he returns an Everlasting Gobstopper given to him by Wonka, thereby passing Wonka's moral test. In the 2005 film, Wonka initially refuses to allow Charlie's family to join them in the factory, and Charlie rejects Wonka's offer. When Charlie helps Wonka reconcile with his father, the family move into the factory and Charlie becomes Wonka's partner.

text: Grandpa Joe[edit]

text:
Grandpa Joe Bucket

Charlie and the Chocolate Factory character

First appearance
Charlie and the Chocolate Factory

Created by
Roald Dahl

Portrayed by
Jack Albertson (1971)
David Kelly (2005)
Nigel Planer, Barry James (2013)
John Rubinstein (2017)

Voiced by
David Kelly (2005 video game)
Jess Harnell (Tom and Jerry: Willy Wonka and the Chocolate Factory)

Information

Gender
Male

Family
Josephine Bucket (wife) Nathan Bucket (son) Hellen Bucket (daughter-in-law) Charlie Bucket (grandson)

text: Grandpa Joe is one of Charlie's four bed-ridden grandparents. He is usually stubborn, senile, and paranoid, but still kind, caring, grandfatherly, excitable, and supportive. He tells Charlie (and the reader) the story of Willy Wonka's chocolate factory and the mystery of the secret workers. When Charlie finds the Golden Ticket, Grandpa Joe leaps out of bed in joy, and later accompanies Charlie on the factory tour. In the sequel book, Grandpa Joe accompanies Charlie, Willy Wonka, and all members of Charlie's family in the Great Glass Elevator and assists the rescue of the Commuter Capsule from the Vermicious Knids. Grandpa Joe's age is given as "ninety-six and a half" in "Charlie and the Chocolate Factory", making him the eldest of Charlie's grandparents, but in the musical, it is stated he is almost ninety and a half.

text: The character was played by Jack Albertson in the 1971 film adaptation Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory. In this film, he is often excitable, paranoid, stubborn and appears anxious that Charlie won the contest, and becomes angry when Charlie is dismissed without reward, despite the fact that they both violated the rules by stealing Fizzy Lifting Drinks and not following the tour, which indicated that Charlie violated the contract, unaware that Wonka had found out what they had done. He tells Charlie that he expects him to find all five Golden Tickets and most certainly expects Charlie to find one when he receives a Wonka Bar for his birthday.

text: The character was played by David Kelly in the 2005 film adaptation, Charlie and the Chocolate Factory. Veteran actor Gregory Peck was originally selected to play the role, but he died in 2003 before filming began. This version of the character is written as more calm than the 1971 version. An original backstory to Grandpa Joe's past was added to Tim Burton's film, wherein it is said that Joe worked for Wonka until the latter fired all his workers from his factory due to constant corporate espionage by rival confectionery manufacturers. When he returns to the factory with Charlie for the tour, Wonka asks if he was a spy working for a competing factory before he humbly welcomes him back.

text: Augustus Gloop[edit]

text:
Augustus Gloop

Charlie and the Chocolate Factory character

First appearance
Charlie and the Chocolate Factory

Created by
Roald Dahl

Portrayed by
Michael Bollner (1971)
Philip Wiegratz (2005)

Voiced by
Philip Wiegratz (2005 video game)
Rachel Butera (Tom and Jerry: Willy Wonka and the Chocolate Factory)

Information

Gender
Male

Family
Gretta Gloop (mother)
Harold Gloop (father)

Nationality
German

text: Augustus Gloop is an obese, greedy, gluttonous boy, the first person to find a Golden Ticket and one of the four main antagonists of Charlie and the Chocolate Factory. He hails from fictitious Dusselheim, Germany in the 1971 film, and Düsseldorf, Germany in the 2005 film. His mother takes great pride in his gluttonous eating and seems to enjoy the attention of the media. In the novel and both films, he is portrayed as "enormously fat". Augustus is the first to be removed from the tour: while drinking from the Chocolate Room’s Chocolate River, he accidentally falls into the river and is drawn through a pipe to the factory's Fudge Room. His parents are summoned to retrieve him from the mixing-machine. In the book, he is depicted leaving the factory, having lost most of his weight, and covered in melted chocolate.

text: In the 1971 film, despite eating constantly, he has decent table manners, is not as obese as he is in the book, and is polite to Charlie and the other finalists. He is portrayed by Michael Bollner in this film. Since Bollner could not speak fluent English at the time of the film's production, the 1971 Augustus has fewer lines and less screen time.

text: In the 2005 film, Augustus is always shown consuming chocolate. He has a binge eating disorder and often has food smeared on his face. He is a bully towards Charlie in the one instance when they interact, as Augustus offers Charlie a bite of his Wonka Bar and then retracts it, saying Charlie should have brought some himself. As in the book, he is shown leaving the factory toward the end of the story; but in this version, he is his normal size, licking his fingers to remove the adherent chocolate he is still coated in. The actor, Philip Wiegratz, wore a fat suit for the production.

text: In the book, both of Augustus's parents accompany him to the factory. Both film versions contradict this, however, and have only his mother go with him.

text: In the 2013 London musical, Augustus Gloop is known as "the Bavarian Beefcake" in his Alpine community. His mother and father indulge his eating habits with sweets and pieces of sausage of which they (and sometimes Augustus) butcher themselves. In his number, "More of Him to Love", Frau Gloop reveals that she had vital organs removed to retrieve Augustus from the womb. They arrive at the factory wearing traditional Eastern European clothing, with Augustus in a red, argyle sweater and green shorts. When Augustus falls into the chocolate river Wonka summons the diversionary pumping system to divert the flow, while Oompa Loompas dressed in red boiler suits sing, "Auf Wiedersehen Augustus Gloop", as they prepare the chocolate, while Augustus travels through the main industrial pipe, occasionally getting stuck.

text: Violet Beauregarde[edit]

text:
Violet Beauregarde

Charlie and the Chocolate Factory character

First appearance
Charlie and the Chocolate Factory

Created by
Roald Dahl

Portrayed by
Denise Nickerson (1971)
AnnaSophia Robb (2005)

Voiced by
AnnaSophia Robb (2005 video game)
Dallas Lovato (Tom and Jerry: Willy Wonka and the Chocolate Factory)

Information

Gender
Female

Family
Scarlett Beauregarde (mother)
Sam Beauregarde (father)

Nationality
American

text: Violet Beauregarde is the third person to find a Golden Ticket, and one of the four main antagonists of Charlie and the Chocolate Factory. She is the vain, self-centered, snobby, and gum-obsessed child. Violet chews gum obsessively and boasts that she has been chewing the same piece "for three months solid", a world record which Violet proclaims was previously held by her best friend Cornelia Prinzmetel. She is also aggressively competitive, prideful and has won trophies for gum chewing. In the 1971 film, she is shown to be from Miles City, Montana, while in the 2005 film, she is from Atlanta, Georgia.

text: When Wonka shows the group around the Inventing Room, he stops to display a new type of gum he is working on. The gum doubles as a three-course meal which is composed of tomato soup, roast beef and baked potato, and blueberry pie and ice cream. Violet is intrigued and, despite Wonka's protests, snatches and chews the gum. She is delighted by its effects but, when she reaches the dessert, blueberry pie, her skin starts turning a somewhat blue color and her body begins to swell up, filling with juice. Eventually, Violet's head, legs, and arms get sucked into her gigantic body, but she is still mobile and is able to waddle. When her swelling stops, she resembles a round blueberry, causing Wonka to have the Oompa-Loompas roll her to the Juicing Room to have the juice squeezed out of her in fear she may explode. She is last seen leaving the factory with the other children, restored to her normal size but with indigo skin like of a blueberry. Wonka says there is nothing that can be done to change Violet's skin back to its original pigment.

text: In the 1971 film, Violet is impatient, arrogant, self-centered, vain, and impulsive. She is accompanied by her father, Sam Beauregarde, a fast-talking car salesman who tries to advertise his business during Violet's television interview. She demeans Cornelia Prinzmetel more than she did in the book. She was polite to everyone, except for Veruca. She has a notable rivalry with Veruca Salt, with whom she persistently argues. Her blueberry form is relatively small, and her hair color remains unchanged. Violet is informed that she must be juiced immediately before she explodes and is last seen en route to the Juicing Room, with her father following her.

text: In the 2005 film, Violet has a rude, impatient and competitive personality. Aside from gum-chewing, she also has many other interests that reflect her obsession with always winning, such as karate. She is accompanied by her single mother, Scarlett Beauregarde (a former baton champion herself) whose own competitive personality appears to have had an influence on her daughter, as Scarlett expresses pride over Violet's 263 trophies and medals. Cornelia Prinzmetel was not mentioned in this film. Violet is also shown to be anti-social and bullying when she briefly insults Charlie, snatching a piece of confectionery from his hand and calling him a loser when he tries to interact with her. She turns blue, although her lips remain red, and swells up into a 10-foot blueberry before being rolled off to the Juicing Room by the Oompa Loompas to prevent her from bursting. Violet is shown leaving the factory gymnastically cartwheeling as a consequence of her increased flexibility, which she is actually happy about, although her mother is less than pleased with her daughter's permanently indigo color.

text: In the 2013 Sam Mendes London musical, Violet Beauregarde is portrayed as an African-American, Californian fame-hungry wanna-be, with her agent/father Eugene Beauregarde parlaying her mundane talent of gum chewing into celebrity status, with multitude of endorsements including her own TV show, line of perfume, and a clothing boutique franchise. Her theme is called "The Double-Bubble Duchess". It is revealed that Violet's chewing "skill" was picked up when she was a baby and her mom tried to get her to stop talking all the time. Violet and her father are escorted by an entourage to the factory entrance. Violet comes dressed in a sparkly purple and pink disco jumper and a pink backpack. Upon swelling in the influence of the experimental gum (which consisted of tomato soup, roast chicken, potatoes and gravy, Fizzy Orange, cheese and crackers and blueberry pie), she panics and runs away as the Oompa Loompas break into an disco number, "Juicy", and roller skate along the stage as Violet lifts into the air, resembling a giant purple disco-ball. Mr. Beauregarde phones his lawyer excitedly, with intent to profit from Violet's new size, until Violet explodes. Wonka's only reassurance of her survival is the prospect of rescuing the pieces and de-juicing them. In the Broadway version, the song "Juicy" is cut out (the only child-exit song to be cut from the London version), and Violet instead becomes a blueberry and explodes in the background while Wonka explains how he met the Ooompa-Loompas to the group.

text: Veruca Salt[edit]

text:
Veruca Salt

Charlie and the Chocolate Factory character

First appearance
Charlie and the Chocolate Factory

Created by
Roald Dahl

Portrayed by
Julie Dawn Cole (1971)
Julia Winter (2005)

Voiced by
Julia Winter (2005 video game)
Emily O'Brien (Tom and Jerry: Willy Wonka and the Chocolate Factory)

Information

Gender
Female

Family
Diane Salt (mother)
Robert Salt (father)

Nationality
British

text: Veruca Salt is a greedy, demanding, manipulative and stingy brat and one of the four main antagonists of Charlie and the Chocolate Factory. She demands every single thing she wants (and more), the second person to find a Golden Ticket, the third eliminated from the tour. A selfish, rotten brat who shows her wealthy family no mercy and has absolutely no regard for other people's property, Veruca frequently pesters her parents to purchase a variety of different objects for her. In the 2005 film, it is revealed that she owns a pony, two dogs, four cats, six rabbits, two parakeets, three canaries, a parrot, a turtle, and a hamster, totalling up to 21 pets. But when she interferes with the trained squirrels used by Willy Wonka to select the best nuts to bake into chocolate bars, she is judged as a "bad nut" by the squirrels and discarded into the adjacent 'garbage chute' and her parents follow. All three are later seen leaving the factory "covered in garbage". Her nationality was never specified in Dahl's novel, but she hails from an upper-class family in the United Kingdom in both films.

text: In the 1971 film adaptation, Veruca has a fiery temper, rudely demands various desires nonstop, brags about her wealth, and chastises anyone who questions her. In this film it is not squirrels but geese that lay special golden chocolate-filled eggs for Easter, one of which she demands as a new pet. She and Violet, in this film, bicker on two occasions. Veruca is eliminated at the end of her musical number in the film ("I Want it Now") after climbing a machine designed to tell whether or not the geese's eggs are "good" or "bad" eggs, and it judges her as a bad one. Her father then follows and is also deemed bad. In the Tom and Jerry version of the 1971 film, Veruca and her father manage to escape the furnace right before it ignites while trapping Tom inside. Veruca demands to be taken home and have her father make her a different chocolate factory, but Mr. Salt, having had enough of Veruca's spoiled and selfish behavior, finally decides to discipline her as the near-death experience seems to have finally gotten to him.

text: In the 2005 film adaptation, Veruca's elimination remains virtually the same as in the book, with only a few changes made. Her demeanor is less vehement, but more obnoxious, compared to the 1971 version. When she leaves the factory (covered in trash), she demands a facsimile of the Great Glass Elevator. However, her father, having learned a good parenting lesson from the Oompa-Loompas and finally realizing how much he has spoiled her, sternly tells her that she will only be getting a bath that day instead, and shoots her a fierce glare for trying to argue any further.

text: In the 2013 Sam Mendes London musical, Veruca Salt is a British billionaire's daughter, dressed in a pink ballerina tutu and baby seal fur coat - "clubbed and tickled pink". Her father, Sir Robert Salt, is portrayed as a spineless dolt for giving his daughter her wishes. In the Nut Sorting Room, Veruca runs foul of the nut-testing squirrels who deem her a 'bad nut' when she tries to steal one. This summons oversized squirrels with Oompa Loompas riding on their backs. They sing a nightmarish ballet "Veruca's Nutcracker Sweet" that concludes with Veruca and her father sent down the garbage chute. In the Broadway version, Veruca's nationality is changed to Russian, and the squirrels tear her apart limb by limb, but Wonka assures the group that the Ooompa-Loompas will be able to put her back together.

text: Mike Teavee[edit]

text:
Mike Teavee

Charlie and the Chocolate Factory character

First appearance
Charlie and the Chocolate Factory

Created by
Roald Dahl

Portrayed by
Paris Themmen (1971)
Jordan Fry (2005)

Voiced by
Jordan Fry (2005 video game)
Lauren Weisman (Tom and Jerry: Willy Wonka and the Chocolate Factory)

Information

Gender
Male

Family
Paloma Teavee (mother) Norman Teavee (father)

Nationality
American

text: Mike Teavee, a boy that does nothing but watch television, the fourth Golden Ticket finder, and one of the four main antagonists of Charlie and the Chocolate Factory. He was described as adorned with eighteen toy pistols that he ‘fires’ while watching gangsters on TV. He is bad-tempered, slothful but also intelligent. How he found his Golden Ticket is never explained in the book or 1971 film as he is too absorbed in his television viewing to talk to the press about it. In the 2005 film, he does have an explanation on how he found the Golden Ticket: he used an algorithm to find it as an intellectual exercise. In the book, both of Mike's parents tour the factory with him. During a display of miniaturization technology, used to transport chocolate, Mike shrinks himself to a tiny size, Willy Wonka has an Oompa-Loompa take the Teavee family to the Gum-Stretcher Room to get Mike stretched back to normal. Mike is last seen exiting the factory, now 10 ft (3 m) tall because the Oompa-Loompas overstretched him. After he got shrunk when his parents lament that he won't be able to attend school, Mike happily says he can continue watching TV. His angry father then blames the TV for Mike's poor behavior and decides to unplug it and throw it out the window when they get home, much to Mike's displeasure.

text: In the 1971 film, Mike is played by Paris Themmen and his surname is spelled "Teevee" in the credits. Mike is nine years old and accompanied to the factory by his high-strung mother. He is from Arizona, enjoys Western films and wears cowboy attire. He makes constant references to television shows throughout the factory tour and comes across as somewhat of a know-it-all. Although easily annoyed, he does not have any major anger issues and gets along relatively well with the other kids.

text: In the 2005 film, 13-year-old Mike is (portrayed by Jordan Fry) interests are updated to the Internet and video games (especially gory first-person shooters), in addition to television viewing.[2] In this version, he is from Denver, Colorado, and is portrayed as more disrespectful. Whenever he says something critical of Wonka's company, or his ideas, Wonka reacts as if Mike is mumbling, even though he does not. He is able to find the Golden Ticket by using math and logic, though he admits he does not even like chocolate. When Mike demands to know why candy is pointless, Charlie tries to reason with him, saying candy doesn't have to have a point. After the incident in the Television Chocolate room, Willy Wonka has an Oompa-Loompa take Mr. Teavee and Mike to the Taffy-Puller Room to have Mike stretched back to normal. When Mike and his father are later seen leaving the factory, Mike is 10 ft (3 m) tall as well as incredibly thin and flat.

text: In the 2013 Sam Mendes London musical, Mike Teavee (now age 10) lives in a suburban neighborhood with his disinterested father Norman Teavee and neurotic, alcoholic mother, Doris Teavee. Their opening number, "It's Teavee Time!" has Mrs. Teavee presenting her family as a normal, functioning household, downplaying Mike's violent tendencies like setting a cat on fire, chloroforming a nurse, and stealing a German tank. In the Department of the Future, where Wonka transmits chocolate by television, Mike anxiously jumps into the machine and transmits himself, much to his mother's horror. Wonka summons the monitors to see on which channel Mike has ended, as the Oompa Loompas rave around the room, singing, 'Vidiots'. Near the end, Mrs. Teavee joins the rave, as they conclude that Mike still has a future on 'Mike.com'. When Mike is shrunk as a result of the transporter, Mrs. Teavee happily takes him home as he can no longer cause trouble and she can take care of him like when he was a baby. In the Broadway version of the musical, lyrics in Mike's song and some of Mike's mannerisms reference president Donald Trump.

text: Arthur Slugworth[edit]

text:
Arthur Slugworth

Charlie and the Chocolate Factory character

First appearance
Charlie and the Chocolate Factory

Created by
Roald Dahl

Portrayed by
Günter Meisner (1971)
Phil Philmar (2005)

Voiced by
Mick Wingert (Tom and Jerry: Willy Wonka and the Chocolate Factory)

Information

Gender
Male

text: In the book, Arthur Slugworth is one of Willy Wonka's rival chocolatiers. Slugworth, along with Wonka's other rivals Mr. Fickelgruber and Mr. Prodnose, sent in spies to steal the secret recipes to Wonka's treats, which he plagiarized, nearly ruining Wonka's factory. After Wonka re-opens his factory (operated exclusively by Oompa-Loompas), Slugworth is never heard from again, but it is stated that Fickelgruber would give each of his front teeth to enter Wonka's inventing room (laboratory/chocolate room in the book) for three minutes.

text: Slugworth has a much larger role as an enigmatic villain in the 1971 film. Inside Bill's Candy Shop, Wonka's products and signs are the most visible; but Slugworth's Sizzlers are also prominent, and one is even sold to a child. Also seen are signs for Fickelgruber's candy. Grandpa Joe describes Slugworth as the worst of Wonka's rivals. As each Golden Ticket is found, a sinister man approaches the finder and whispers something into his or her ear. After Charlie finds the last ticket, the same man approaches Charlie as well, introduces himself as Arthur Slugworth, and bribes the child to bring him one piece of the newly invented 'Everlasting Gobstopper', allowing him to plagiarize the formula and prevent the future invention from ruining his business. Two of the children (Veruca and Mike) respond to Slugworth's bribe; but Charlie, when tempted, returns the Everlasting Gobstopper to Wonka. Wonka eventually reveals that the tempter is not Slugworth, but his own employee Mr. Wilkinson, and that his offer was a moral test of character. Slugworth/Wilkinson was played by Günter Meisner, a West German actor.

text: Slugworth only makes a split-second appearance in Tim Burton's Charlie and the Chocolate Factory where he alongside Mr. Ficklegruber and Mr. Prodnose are sending spies to steal ingredients from Wonka's factory. He is here played by Philip Philmar.

text: In the Tom and Jerry version of the 1971 film, Slugworth is the main antagonist, instead of an enigmatic villain. When he first meets Charlie, he sings a cover of Veruca's song, "I Want it Now!" and also sings it as a duet with Veruca during her downfall. He teams up with Spike to steal a Gobstopper from the factory, but the two are thwarted by Charlie, Tom, and Jerry. Despite being more emphasized as a villain, he is still revealed to be Wonka's employee Mr. Wilkinson much to Tom & Jerry's dismay. Nevertheless, the cat and mouse get the last word on Slugworth/Wilkinson (and Spike) by shrinking them with the Wonkavision tech.

text: Mr. Turkentine[edit]

text: Mr. Turkentine is Charlie Bucket's school teacher and appears in the first film in 1971, but not in the book or the 2005 film. He has an odd sense of humor, which he uses to express knowledge. He asks Charlie to assist him in making a medicine using several scientific elements for the class but the project is interrupted due to the frantic golden ticket search for Willy Wonka. Mr. Turkentine when hearing the news about the golden tickets during the project dismisses the class and runs out. Later when it is revealed that all the tickets have supposedly been found ending with a Paraguayan millionaire he decides to use Wonka bars as an example to teach his class about percentages. He uses a few students as examples for the class, including Charlie. Charlie however reveals that he only opened two Wonka bars during the search and so to help make it easier for his class, he decides to pretend Charlie opened 200. Mr. Turkentine is played by British actor David Battley.

text: Prince Pondicherry[edit]

text:
Prince Pondicherry

Charlie and the Chocolate Factory character

First appearance
Charlie and the Chocolate Factory

Created by
Roald Dahl

Portrayed by
Nitin Ganatra (2005)

Information

Gender
Male

text: Prince Pondicherry is a prince who lives in India. He appears in the third chapter of the novel when Grandpa Joe is telling Charlie a story. In the story, Willy Wonka makes him a chocolate palace in India, that melts in the hot weather, as he had rejected Willy Wonka's advice to eat it before it melted in the heat. His name derives from the city of Pondicherry (officially spelled Puducherry since 2006) in southeastern India.

text: He is absent from the 1971 film version, but makes a brief appearance in Tim Burton's Charlie and the Chocolate Factory, where he is played by Nitin Ganatra. His story here matches that in the book, except in depicting his wife (Shelley Conn) and stating that the Prince demanded a second palace, but was refused.

text: Oompa-Loompas[edit]

text: Oompa-Loompas are small humans who would end up being preyed upon by the various predators that also reside in Loompaland before Wonka invited them to work at his factory. They are paid in their favorite food, cocoa beans, which were extremely rare on their island.[3][4] The Oompa-Loompas are also mischievous, loving practical jokes and singing songs which, according to Wonka, they are very good at improvising. They sing at the end of each child's demise.

text: In early editions of the novel, the Oompa-Loompas (originally called "Whipple-Scrumpets" before publication[5]) are shown as African pygmies before Dahl rewrote them to be white-skinned and golden haired. In both editions, despite working in the factory, Oompa-Loompas insist on maintaining their native clothing: men wear skins, women wear leaves, and children wear nothing.

text: In the 1971 film, Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory, they were written to be played by actors with dwarfism and are portrayed as orange-skinned, green-haired men in striped shirts and baggy lederhosen-like pants. Prominent portrayers included Angelo Muscat, Rusty Goffe, George Claydon, Rudy Borgstaller, Jo Kilkenny, Andy Wilday, Malcolm Dixon, Ismed Hassan, Norman Mcglen, Pepe Poupee, Marcus Powell, and Albert Wilkinson.[6]

text: In the 2005 film, the Oompa-Loompas are all played by Deep Roy and are virtually identical. They wear their tribal clothing during their time in Loompaland, and typical factory worker uniforms in Wonka's Factory. Some of the female Oompa-Loompas, like Doris, work in the administration offices.

text: Vermicious Knids[edit]

text: Vermicious Knids are a fictional species of amorphous aliens that invade the Space Hotel "U.S.A." in Roald Dahl's Charlie and the Great Glass Elevator.

text: They are also mentioned in the 1971 feature film adaptation, Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory, but here are mentioned only as predators of the Oompa-Loompas.

text: In the book, Vermicious Knids are huge, dark, egg-shaped predators who swallow their victims whole, and are capable of surviving, operating, and traveling faster than light, in the vacuum of space. Although normally oviform, they can assume any shape at will, while retaining their native texture and features. They originate (according to Mr. Wonka) on the planet Vermes, a fictional planet located (in dialogue) 184,270,000,000 miles (2.9655×1011 kilometres) from Earth (52 times Pluto's distance). In the presence of victims, they cannot resist shaping themselves to spell the word "SCRAM" (the only word they know) before they attack.

text: In Charlie and the Great Glass Elevator, a swarm of Knids take possession of the new Space Hotel "U.S.A.". When the transport capsule brings the staff to the Space Hotel, the Knids consume some of the staff, and the survivors retreat to the capsule. There, the Knids bludgeon the capsule with their own bodies, until its retro-rockets are useless; whereupon Wonka, Charlie, and Grandpa Joe connect the capsule to the Elevator, in hope of towing it to Earth, and one Knid wraps itself around the Elevator while the others form a chain, intending to draw the Elevator and capsule to their home planet. The Elevator then returns to Earth, and the Knids are incinerated in Earth's atmosphere.

text: When Nestle created their interpretation of Wonka's world to sell chocolate bars under the name "Wonka", they released a number of downloadable flash games, wherein Knids seem to have entered the factory and have the appearance of flying green blobs with single red eyes.

text: The etymology of the name was not provided by Dahl. Pronunciation of Knid is said in the book to approximate adding a schwa between the "K" and "nid", or in Dahl's words, "K'nid". Cnidaria is the name of the taxonomic phylum containing stinging aquatic invertebrates such as jellyfish and coral, itself derived from the classical Greek word for nettle, κνίδη. Vermicious is a real word, meaning "worm like".

text: The Vermicious Knids are also mentioned in other Dahl stories, including James and the Giant Peach (where the New York Police Department misidentify Miss Spider as one) and The Minpins.

text: Other characters[edit]

text: Portrayed in other media[edit]

text:
Name
1971 film
2005 film

Mrs. (Hellen) Bucket
Diana Sowle
Helena Bonham Carter

Mr. (Nathan) Bucket
Deceased
Noah Taylor

Mrs. (Gretta) Gloop
Ursula Reit
Franziska Troegner

Mr. (Harold) Gloop
Kurt Großkurth (uncredited)
Harry Taylor

Mrs. (Paloma) Teavee
Dodo Denney
Cameo (uncredited)

Mr. (Norman) Teavee
Michael Goodliffe
Adam Godley

Mrs. (Scarlett) Beauregarde
Cameo (uncredited)
Missi Pyle

Mr. (Sam) Beauregarde
Leonard Stone
Absent

Mrs. (Diane) Salt
Pat Coombs (uncredited)
Francesca Hunt

Mr. (Robert) Salt
Roy Kinnear
James Fox

Grandma Josephine
Franziska Liebing (uncredited)
Eileen Essell

Grandma Georgina
Dora Altmann (uncredited)
Liz Smith

Grandpa George
Ernst Ziegler (uncredited)
David Morris

Shopkeeper
Aubrey Woods
Oscar James

Dr. Wilbur Wonka
Absent
Christopher Lee

Winkelmann
Peter Stuart
Absent

Newscaster
Steve Dunne (uncredited)
Todd Boyce

Tinker
Peter Capell
Absent

Mr. Joepack
Werner Heyking
Absent

Computer Scientist
Tim Brooke-Taylor (uncredited)
Absent

Auctioneer
Frank Delfino (uncredited)
Absent

Prodnose
Absent
Criss Cresswell

Ficklegruber
Absent
Tony Kirwood

Young Willy Wonka
Absent
Blair Dunlop

Princess Pondicherry
Absent
Shelley Conn

Narrator
Absent....
Geoffrey Holder


document_title: History of Kochi

question_text: which personality was initially buried in kochi and taken to portugal

text: History of Kochi

text: Prehistory[edit]

text: Not much is known about the prehistory of Kochi. There has been no clear evidence of Stone Age habitation. Kochi forms the central part of the Megalithic belt of Kerala. The only trace of prehistoric life in the region is the menhir found in Tripunithura.

text: Princely rule[edit]

text: The history of Kochi prior to the Portuguese is not well documented. Though places north and south of Kochi are mentioned in quite detail in accounts by ancient travellers, even a mention of Kochi is absent prior to the arrival of the Portuguese. Kochi's prominence as a trading port grew after the collapse of the port at Kodungallur in 1341 AD.

text: The Cochin State came into existence in 1102 AD after the breaking up of the Kulasekhara empire.[7]

text: Rulers of Kochi[edit]

text:
Unni Ramman Koyil - 11 (1503–1537)
Veera Kerala Varma (1537 – 65)
Keshava Ramavarma (1565–1601)
Veerakerala Varma (1601 – 15)
Ravivarma (1615 – 24)
Veera Kerala Varma (1624–1637 )
Godhavarma (1637 – 45 )
Veera Rayira Varma (1645 – 46 )
Veerakerala Varma (1645 – 50 )
Ramavarma ( 1650 – 56 )
Rani Gangadhara Lakshmi ( 1656 – 58 )
Ramavarma ( 1658 – 62 )
Godhavarma ( 1662 – 63 )
Veera Kerala Varma(1663–1687)
Rama Varma (1687–1693)
Ravi Varma (1693–1697)
Rama Varma (1697–1701)
Rama Varma (1701–1721)
Ravi Varma (1721–1731)
Rama Varma (1731–1746)
Veera Kerala Varma (1746–1749)
Rama Varma (1749–1760)
Veera Kerala Varma (1760–1775)
Rama Varma (1775–1790)

text:
Rama Varma(SHAKTAN THAMPURAN(1790–1805),(THE POWERFUL RULER OF COCHIN KINGDOM)
Rama Varma (1805–1809)- Vellarapalli-yil Theepetta Thampuran (King who died in "Vellarapali")
Veera Kerala Varma (1809–1828) - Karkidaka Maasathil Theepetta Thampuran (King who died in "karkidaka" month(ME))
Rama Varma (1828–1837) - Thulam-Maasathil Theepett1a Thampuran (King who died in "Thulam" month (ME))
Rama Varma (1837–1844) - Edava-Maasathil Theepett1a Thampuran (King who died in "Edavam" month (ME))
Rama Varma (1844–1851) - Thrishur-il Theepetta Thampuran (King who died in "Thrishivaperoor" or Thrishur)
Veera Kerala Varma (1851–1853) - Kashi-yil Theepetta Thampuran (King who died in "Kashi" or Varanasi)
Ravi Varma(1853–1864) - Makara Maasathil Theepetta Thampuran (King who died in "Makaram" month (ME))
Rama Varma(1864–1888) - Mithuna Maasathil Theepetta Thampuran (King who died in "Mithunam" month (ME))
Kerala Varma(1888–1895) - Chingam Maasathil Theepetta Thampuran (King who died in "Chingam" month (ME))
Rama Varma(1895–1914) - aka Rajarshi, Abdicated Highness (died in 1932)
Rama Varma(1914–1932) - Madrasil Theepetta Thampuran (King who died in Madras or Chennai)
Rama Varma(1932–1941) - Dhaarmika Chakravarthi (King of Dharma), Chowara-yil Theepetta Thampuran (King who died in "Chowara")
Kerala Varma (1941–1943) - Midukkan Thampuran
Ravi Varma(1943–1946) - Kunjappan Thampuran (Brother of Midukkan Thampuran)
Kerala Varma(1946–1948) - Ikya-Keralam (Unified Kerala) Thampuran

text: Foreign rule[edit]

text: Kochi was under the rule of many foreign powers, during which the Raja of Kochi still remained the titular head.

text: Portuguese period (1503–1663)[edit]

text: Kochi was the scene of the first European settlement in India. In the year 1500, the Portuguese Admiral Pedro Álvares Cabral, landed at Cochin after being repelled from Calicut. The king of the rival of Kochi welcomed his guests and a treaty of friendship was signed. Promising his support in the conquest of Calicut, the admiral coaxed the king into allowing them to build a factory at Cochin. Assured by the support, the king called war with the Zamorins of Calicut. However, the admiral retreated in panic on seeing the powers of the Zamorin. The Zamorins, on the other hand, eager to win the favor of the Portuguese, left without a war.

text: Another captain, João da Nova, was sent in place of Cabral. However, he too faltered at the sight of the Zamorin. The consecutive retreats made the King of Portugal indignant. The king sent Vasco Da Gama, who bombed Calicut and destroyed the Arab trading posts. This invited the anger of the Zamorin, who declared a war against the Kochi Raja.

text: The war between Calicut and Cochin began on 1 March 1503 and the second invasion lasted from March 16, 1504, to July 3, 1504 (Battle of Cochin (1504)). However, the oncoming monsoons and the arrival of a Portuguese fleet under Lopo Soares de Albergaria in September, 1504 (and a year later, the armada led by Francisco de Almeida and Afonso de Albuquerque), alarmed the Zamorin, and he recalled his army. The Zamorin resorted to a retreat also because the revered festival of Onam was near, and the Zamorin intended to keep the auspicious day holy. This led to a triumph for the king of Kochi, who was later reestablished in the possession of his kingdom. However, much of the kingdom was burnt and destroyed by the his armies. The tiny garrison, led by Duarte Pacheco Pereira, had achieved a rare military feat in history, successively repelling an invading army several hundred times bigger. It proved a humiliating defeat and a moral blow for the Zamorin of Calicut and undermined his authority in the Malabar region.

text: After securing the king in his throne, the Portuguese got permission to build a fort –- Fort Kochi (Fort Emmanuel) (after the reigning king of Portugal) -- surrounding the Portuguese factory, in order to protect it from any further attacks. The entire work was commissioned by the Cochin Raja, who supplied workers and material. The Raja continued to rule with the help of the Portuguese. Meanwhile, the Portuguese secretly tried to enter into an alliance with the Zamorins. Later attempts by the Zamorin at conquering the Kochi port was thwarted by the Cochin Raja with the help of the Portuguese. Slowly, the Portuguese armory at Kochi was increased, with the presumed notion of helping the raja protect Kochi. However, the measure led to decrease in the power of the Cochin Raja, and an increase in the Portuguese influence.

text:
From 1503 to 1663, Kochi was ruled by Portugal through the namesake Cochin Raja. Kochi remained the capital of Portuguese India till 1510. In 1530, Saint Francis Xavier arrived and founded a Christian mission. The following Portuguese period was difficult for the Jews living in the region, since the Inquisition was established in Portuguese India in 1560. Kochi hosted the grave of Vasco da Gama, the Portuguese viceroy, who was buried at St. Francis Church until his remains were exhumed and interred in Portugal in 1539.[8]
Soon after the time of Albuquerque, the Portuguese rule in Kerala declined. The failure is attributed to intermarriages, forcible conversions, religious persecution, etc.

text: Dutch period (1663–1773)[edit]

text:
The Portuguese rule was followed by that of the Dutch, who had by then conquered Quilon, after various encounters with the Portuguese and their allies. Discontented members of the Cochin Royal family called on the assistance of the Dutch for help in overthrowing the Cochin Raja. The Dutch successfully landed at Njarakal and headed on to capture the fort at Pallippuram, which they handed over to the Zamorin.
Then they went on to establishing the municipality of Fort Kochi in 1664, the first municipality in Indian subcontinent

text: Mysorean invasion[edit]

text: The 1773 conquest of the Mysore King Hyder Ali in the Malabar region descended to Kochi. The Kochi Raja had to pay a subsidy of one hundred thousand of Ikkeri Pagodas (equalling 400,000 modern rupees). Later on, in 1776, Haider captured Trichur, which was under the Kingdom of Kochi. Thus, the Raja was forced to become a tributary of Mysore and to pay a nuzzar of 100,000 of pagodas and 4 elephants and annual tribute of 30,000 pagodas. The hereditary prime ministership of Cochin came to an end during this period.

text: British Period (1814–1947)[edit]

text: In 1814 according to the Anglo-Dutch Treaty, the islands of Kochi, including Fort Kochi and its territory were ceded to the United Kingdom in exchange for the island of Malaya. Even prior to the signing of the treaty, there are evidence of English residents in Kochi.[9]

text:
Towards the early 20th century, trade at the port had increased substantially, and the need to develop the port was greatly felt. Harbour Engineer Robert Bristow, was thus brought to Cochin in 1920 under the direction of Lord Willingdon, then the Governor of Madras. In a span of 21 years, he had transformed Cochin as the safest harbour in the peninsula, where ships berthed alongside the newly reclaimed inner harbour equipped with a long array of steam cranes.[10]
Meanwhile, in 1866, Fort Cochin municipality reesablished, and its first Municipal Council election to a board of 18 members was conducted in 1883. The Maharajah of Cochin, in 1896 initiated local administration, by forming town councils in Mattancherry and Ernakulam. In 1925, Kochi legislative assembly was constituted due to public pressure on the state. The assembly consisted of 45 members, 10 of who were officially nominated. Thottakkattu Madhaviamma became the first woman to be a member of any legislature in India.[11]

text: Post Independence era[edit]

text: In 1947, India gained independence from the British colonial rule. Cochin was the first princely state to join the Indian Union willingly.[11] Post independence, E. Ikkanda Warrier became the first Prime Minister of Kochi. K. P. Madhavan Nair, P.T Jacob, C. Achutha Menon, Panampilly Govinda Menon were few of the other stalwarts who were in the forefront of the democratic movements. Then in 1949, Travancore-Cochin state came into being by the merger of Cochin and Travancore, with Parur T. K. Narayana Pillai as the first chief minister. Travancore-Cochin, was in turn merged with the Malabar district of the Madras State. Finally, the Government of India's 1 November 1956 States Reorganisation Act inaugurated a new state – Kerala – incorporating Travancore-Cochin, Malabar District, and the taluk of Kasargod, South Kanara.[12] On 9 July 1960, the Mattancherry council passed a resolution that was forwarded to the government, requesting the formation of a Municipal Corporation by combining the existing municipalities of Fort Kochi, Mattancherry and Ernakulam. The proposal was condemned by the Fort Kochi municipality. However, the Ernakulam municipality welcomed the proposal, suggesting the inclusion of more suburban areas in the amalgamated Corporation. Major Balagangadhara Menon, the then Director of Local Bodies was appointed by the government to study the feasibility of the suggested merger. And based on the report submitted by him, the Kerala Legislative Assembly approved the formation of the Corporation. Thus, on 1 November 1967, exactly 11 years since the conception of the state of Kerala, the corporation of Cochin came into existence, by the merger of the municipalities of Ernakulam, Mattancherry and Fort Kochi, along with that of the Willingdon Island and four panchayats viz. Palluruthy, Vennala, Vyttila and Edappally and the small islands of Gundu and Ramanthuruth.