document_title: History of the European Union

question_text: when did the european union start and for what main reason

text: History of the European Union

text: Ideas of European unity before 1945[edit]

text: Large areas of Europe had previously been united by empires built on force, such as the Roman Empire, Byzantine Empire, Frankish Empire, the First French Empire and Nazi Germany. A peaceful means of some consolidation of European territories used to be provided by dynastic unions; less common were country-level unions, such as the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and Austro-Hungarian Empire.[4]

text: In the Congress of Aix-la-Chapelle of 1818, Tsar Alexander, as the most advanced internationalist of the day, suggested a kind of permanent European union and even proposed the maintenance of international military forces to provide recognised states with support against changes by violence.[5]

text: Largely due to the devastating effects of war and foreign occupation many people turned to the idea of some form of unified Europe, notably William Penn, Abbot Charles de Saint-Pierre, Victor Hugo, Giuseppe Mazzini, the lately rediscovered Theodore de Korwin Szymanowski, and Richard von Coudenhove-Kalergi. The acceptance of such ideas across Europe increased dramatically following the conclusion of World War I, with the massive loss of life it entailed, but it was not until after World War II that real steps were taken.

text: An example of an organisation formed to promote the association of states between the wars to promote the idea of European union is the Pan-Europa movement.

text: 1945–1957: From ECSC to the Treaties of Rome[edit]

text: World War II from 1939 to 1945 saw a human and economic catastrophe which hit Europe hardest. It demonstrated the horrors of war, and also of extremism, through the Holocaust and the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Once again, there was a desire to ensure it could never happen again, particularly with the war giving the world nuclear weapons. Most European countries failed to maintain their Great Power status leaving two rival ideologically opposed superpowers.[6] However, the exception was the USSR, which became a superpower after World War II and maintained the status for 45 years.

text: To ensure Germany could never threaten the peace again, its heavy industry was partly dismantled (See: Allied plans for German industry after World War II) and its main coal-producing regions were detached (Saarland, Silesia), or put under international control (Ruhr area).[7] (See: Monnet Plan)

text: With statements such as Winston Churchill's 1946 call for a "United States of Europe" becoming louder, the Council of Europe was established in 1949 as the first pan-European organisation. In the year following, on 9 May 1950, the French Foreign Minister Robert Schuman proposed a community to integrate the coal and steel industries of Europe – these being the two elements necessary to make weapons of war. (See: Schuman declaration).

text: On the basis of that speech, France, Italy, the Benelux countries (Belgium, Netherlands and Luxembourg) together with West Germany signed the Treaty of Paris (1951) creating the European Coal and Steel Community the following year; this took over the role of the International Authority for the Ruhr[8] and lifted some restrictions on German industrial productivity. It gave birth to the first institutions, such as the High Authority (now the European Commission) and the Common Assembly (now the European Parliament). The first presidents of those institutions were Jean Monnet and Paul-Henri Spaak respectively.

text: WikiLeaks documents revealed on 8 May 2009[9] show that at the Bilderberg Group in 1955, there was support for a single European currency (i.e. the euro) and for a common market in Europe with lower tariff rates than those outside of the common market, and greater pan-European integration, based on the then six members of the European Coal and Steel Community, "particularly with regard to the industrial utilization of atomic energy."[10]

text: The attempt to turn the Saar protectorate into a "European territory" was rejected by a referendum in 1955. The Saar was to have been governed by a statute supervised by a European Commissioner reporting to the Council of Ministers of the Western European Union.

text: After failed attempts at creating defence (European Defence Community) and political communities (European Political Community), leaders met at the Messina Conference and established the Spaak Committee which produced the Spaak report. The report was accepted at the Venice Conference (29 and 30 May 1956) where the decision was taken to organise an Intergovernmental Conference. The Intergovernmental Conference on the Common Market and Euratom focused on economic unity, leading to the Treaties of Rome being signed in 1957 which established the European Economic Community (EEC) and the European Atomic Energy Community (Euratom) among the members.[11]

text: 1958–1972: Three communities[edit]

text: The two new communities were created separately from ECSC, although they shared the same courts and the Common Assembly. The executives of the new communities were called Commissions, as opposed to the "High Authority". The EEC was headed by Walter Hallstein (Hallstein Commission) and Euratom was headed by Louis Armand (Armand Commission) and then Etienne Hirsch. Euratom would integrate sectors in nuclear energy while the EEC would develop a customs union between members.[11][12][13]

text: Throughout the 1960s tensions began to show with France seeking to limit supranational power and rejecting the membership of the United Kingdom. However, in 1965 an agreement was reached to merge the three communities under a single set of institutions, and hence the Merger Treaty was signed in Brussels and came into force on 1 July 1967 creating the European Communities.[14] Jean Rey presided over the first merged Commission (Rey Commission).

text: While the political progress of the Communities was hesitant in the 1960s, this was a fertile period for European legal integration.[15] Many of the foundational legal doctrines of the Court of Justice were first established in landmark decisions during the 1960s and 1970s, above all in the Van Gend en Loos decision of 1963 that declared the "direct effect" of European law, that is to say, its enforceability before national courts by private parties.[16] Other landmark decisions during this period included Costa v ENEL, which established the supremacy of European law over national law[17] and the "Dairy Products" decision, which declared that general international law principles of reciprocity and retaliation were prohibited within the European Community.[18]

text: 1973–1993: Enlargement to Delors[edit]

text: After much negotiation, and following a change in the French Presidency, Denmark, Ireland and the United Kingdom (with Gibraltar) eventually joined the European Communities on 1 January 1973. This was the first of several enlargements which became a major policy area of the Union (see: Enlargement of the European Union).[19]

text: In 1979, the European Parliament held its first direct elections by universal suffrage. 410 members were elected, who then elected the first female President of the European Parliament, Simone Veil.[20]

text: A further enlargement took place in 1981 with Greece joining on 1 January, six years after applying. In 1982, Greenland voted to leave the Community after gaining home rule from Denmark (See also: Special member state territories and the European Union). Spain and Portugal joined (having applied in 1977) on 1 January 1986 in the third enlargement.[21]

text: Recently appointed Commission President Jacques Delors (Delors Commission) presided over the adoption of the European flag by the Communities in 1986. In the first major revision of the treaties since the Merger Treaty, leaders signed the Single European Act in February 1986. The text dealt with institutional reform, including extension of community powers – in particular in regarding foreign policy. It was a major component in completing the single market and came into force on 1 July 1987.[22]

text: In 1987 Turkey formally applied to join the Community and began the longest application process for any country. In Central Europe, after 1988 Polish strikes and Polish Round Table Agreement in 1989, the Berlin Wall fell, along with the Iron Curtain. Germany reunified and the door to enlargement to the former Eastern Bloc was opened (See also: Copenhagen Criteria).[23]

text: With a wave of new enlargements on the way, the Maastricht Treaty was signed on 7 February 1992 which established the European Union when it came into force the following year.

text: 1993–2004: Creation[edit]

text: On 1 November 1993, under the third Delors Commission, the Maastricht Treaty became effective, creating the European Union with its pillar system, including foreign and home affairs alongside the European Community.[24][25] The 1994 European elections were held resulting in the Socialist group maintaining their position as the largest party in Parliament. The Council proposed Jacques Santer as Commission President but he was seen as a second choice candidate, undermining his position. Parliament narrowly approved Santer but his commission gained greater support, being approved by 416 votes to 103. Santer had to use his new powers under Maastricht to flex greater control over his choice of Commissioners. They took office on 23 January 1995.[26]

text: On 30 March 1994, accession negotiations concluded with Austria, Sweden and Finland. Meanwhile, Norway, Iceland and Liechtenstein joined the European Economic Area (which entered into force on 1 January 1994), an organisation that allowed European Free Trade Association states to enter the Single European Market. The following year, the Schengen Agreement came into force between seven members, expanding to include nearly all others by the end of 1996. The 1990s also saw the further development of the euro. 1 January 1994 saw the second stage of the Economic and Monetary Union of the European Union begin with the establishment of the European Monetary Institute and at the start of 1999 the euro as a currency was launched and the European Central Bank was established. On 1 January 2002, notes and coins were put into circulation, replacing the old currencies entirely.

text: During the 1990s, the conflicts in the Balkans gave impetus to developing the EU's Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP). The EU failed to react during the beginning of the conflict, and UN peacekeepers from the Netherlands failed to prevent the Srebrenica massacre (July 1995) in Bosnia and Herzegovina, the largest mass murder in Europe since the Second World War. The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) finally had to intervene in the war, forcing the combatants to the negotiation table. The early foreign policy experience of the EU led to foreign policy being emphasised in the Treaty of Amsterdam (which created the High Representative).[27]

text: However, any success was overshadowed by the budget crisis in March 1999. The Parliament refused to approve the Commission's 1996 community's budget on grounds of financial mismanagement, fraud and nepotism. With Parliament ready to throw them out, the entire Santer Commission resigned.[28][29] The post-Delors mood of euroscepticism became entrenched with the Council and Parliament constantly challenging the Commission's position in coming years.[30]

text: In the following elections, the Socialists lost their decades-old majority to the new People's Party and the incoming Prodi Commission was quick to establish the new European Anti-fraud Office (OLAF).[31] Under the new powers of the Amsterdam Treaty, Prodi was described by some as the 'First Prime Minister of Europe'.[32] On 4 June, Javier Solana was appointed Secretary General of the Council and the strengthened High Representative for the Common Foreign and Security Policy admitted the intervention in Kosovo – Solana was also seen by some as Europe's first Foreign Minister.[33] The Nice Treaty was signed on 26 February 2001 and entered into force on 1 February 2003 which made the final preparations before the 2004 enlargement to 10 new members.

text: 2004–present: European crisis[edit]

text: On the 10–13 June 2004, the 25 member states participated in the largest trans-national election in history (with the second largest democratic electorate in the world). The result of the sixth Parliamentary election was a second victory for the European People's Party-European Democrats group. It also saw the lowest voter turnout of 45.5%, the second time it had fallen below 50%.[34] On 22 July 2004, José Manuel Barroso was approved by the new Parliament as the next Commission President. However, his new team of 25 Commissioners faced a tougher road. With Parliament raising objections to a number of his candidates he was forced to withdraw his selection and try once more. The Prodi Commission had to extend their mandate to the 22 November after the new line-up of commissioners was finally approved.[35]

text: A proposed constitutional treaty was signed by plenipotentiaries from EU member states on 28 October 2004. The document was ratified in most member states, including two positive referendums. The referendums that were held in France and the Netherlands failed however, killing off the treaty. The European Council agreed that the constitution proposal would be abandoned, but most of its changes would be retained in an amending treaty. On 13 December 2007 the treaty was signed, containing opt-outs for the more eurosceptic members and no state-like elements. The Lisbon treaty finally came into force on 1 December 2009. It created the post of President of the European Council and significantly expanded the post of High Representative. After much debate about what kind of person should be President, the European Council agreed on a low-key personality and chose Herman Van Rompuy while foreign policy-novice Catherine Ashton became High Representative.

text: The 2009 elections again saw a victory for the European People's Party, despite losing the British Conservatives who formed a smaller eurosceptic grouping with other anti-federalist right wing parties. Parliament's presidency was once again divided between the People's Party and the Socialists, with Jerzy Buzek elected as the first President of the European Parliament from an ex-communist country. Barroso was nominated by the Council for a second term and received backing from EPP who had declared him as their candidate before the elections. However, the Socialists and Greens led the opposition against him despite not agreeing on an opposing candidate. Parliament finally approved Barroso II, though once more several months behind schedule.

text: In 2007, the fifth enlargement completed with the accession of Romania and Bulgaria on 1 January 2007. Also, in 2007 Slovenia adopted the euro,[36] Malta and Cyprus in 2008[37] and Slovakia in 2009. However trouble developed with existing members as the eurozone entered its first recession in 2008.[38] Members cooperated and the ECB intervened to help restore economic growth and the euro was seen as a safe haven, particularly by those outside such as Iceland.[39][40][41]

text: However, with the risk of a default in Greece, Ireland, Portugal and other members in late 2009–10, eurozone leaders agreed to provisions for loans to member states who could not raise funds. Accusations that this was a u-turn on the EU treaties, which rule out any bail out of a euro member in order to encourage them to manage their finances better, were countered by the argument that these were loans, not grants, and that neither the EU nor other Member States assumed any liabilities for the debts of the aided countries. With Greece struggling to restore its finances, other member states also at risk and the repercussions this would have on the rest of the eurozone economy, a loan mechanism was agreed. The crisis also spurred consensus for further economic integration and a range of proposals such as a European Monetary Fund or federal treasury.[42][43][44]

text: The European Union received the 2012 Nobel Peace Prize for having "contributed to the advancement of peace and reconciliation, democracy and human rights in Europe."[45][46] The Nobel Committee stated that "that dreadful suffering in World War II demonstrated the need for a new Europe [...] today war between Germany and France is unthinkable. This shows how, through well-aimed efforts and by building up mutual confidence, historical enemies can become close partners."[47] The Nobel Committee's decision was subject to considerable criticism.[48]

text: On 1 July 2013, Croatia joined the EU, and on 1 January 2014 the French Indian Ocean territory of Mayotte was added as an outermost region.[49]

text: On 23 June 2016, the citizens of the United Kingdom voted to withdraw from the European Union in a referendum. The vote was in favour of leaving the EU by a margin of 51.9% in favour to 48.1% against.[50]


document_title: Fall Out Boy

question_text: when did fall out boy's hiatus end

question_tokens: when did fall out boy 's hiatus end

root

text: Fall Out Boy

text: History

text: 2001–2002: Early years

text: Fall Out Boy was formed in 2001 in the Chicago suburb of Wilmette, Illinois by friends Pete Wentz and Joe Trohman. Wentz was a "visible fixture" of the relatively small Chicago hardcore punk scene of the late 1990s, performing in various groups such as Birthright, Extinction and First Born, as well the metalcore band Arma Angelus and the more political Racetraitor, "a band that managed to land the covers of Maximumrocknroll and Heartattack fanzines before releasing a single note of music."[1] Wentz was growing dissatisfied with the changing mores of the community, which he viewed as a transition from political activism to an emphasis on moshing and breakdowns.[1] With enthusiasm in Arma Angelus waning, he created a pop punk side project with Trohman as an "easy and escapist" project.[1] Trohman met Patrick Stump, then a drummer for grindcore band Xgrinding processX[2] and a host of other bands that "never really managed," at a Borders bookstore in Wilmette.[3] While discussing Neurosis with a friend, Stump interrupted the conversation to correct their classification of the band in a conversation that soon shifted to the new band.[3] Stump, viewing it as an opportunity to try out with "local hardcore celebrity" Wentz, directed Trohman to his MP3.com page, which contained sung-through acoustic recordings.[3] Stump intended to try out as a drummer, but Trohman urged him to bring out his acoustic guitar; he impressed the duo with songs from Saves the Day's Through Being Cool. While Wentz wanted Racetraitor bandmate Andy Hurley in the group as drummer, Hurley appeared uninterested and too busy.[3]

tag: p

text: The band's first public performance came in a cafeteria at DePaul University alongside Stilwell and another group that performed Black Sabbath in its entirety.[4] The band's only performance with guitarist John Flamandan and original drummer Ben Rose was in retrospect described as "goofy" and "bad," but Trohman made an active effort to make the band work, picking up members for practice.[4] Wentz and Stump argued over band names; the former favored verbose, tongue-in-cheek names while the latter desired to reference Tom Waits in name.[4] After creating a short list of names that included "Fall Out Boy," a fictional character from The Simpsons and Bongo Comics, friends voted on the name. The band's second performance, at a southern Illinois university with The Killing Tree, began with Wentz introducing the band under a name Stump recalled as "very long."[4] According to Stump, an audience member yelled out, "Fuck that, no, you're Fall Out Boy!," and the band were credited later in the show under that name by Killing Tree frontman Tim McIlrath. As the group looked up to McIlrath, and Trohman and Stump were "die-hard" Simpsons fans, the name stuck.[4][5] The group's first cassette tape demo was recorded in Rose's basement, but the band later set off for Wisconsin to record a proper demo with 7 Angels 7 Plagues drummer Jared Logan, whom Wentz knew through connections in the hardcore scene.[4]

text: Several more members passed through the group, including drummer Mike Pareskuwicz of Subsist and guitarist T.J. "Racine" Kunasch.[4] While Stump at this point felt uninterested in the group, Wentz was, according to Uprising Records owner Sean Muttaqi, viewing the group as "the thing that would make him famous. He had a clear vision."[4] Wentz was "singularly focused on taking things to the next level," and threw the band into promotion via early social media. Muttaqi got word of the demo and wanted to release half of it as a split extended play with Hurley's band Project Rocket, which the band viewed as competition.[4] Uprising desired to release an album with the emerging band, which to that point had only written three songs. With the help of Logan, the group attempted to put together a collection of songs in two days, and recorded them as Fall Out Boy's Evening Out with Your Girlfriend. The rushed recording experience and underdeveloped songs left the band discontent.[4] When the band set off to Smart Studios in Madison, Wisconsin to record three songs for a possible split 7-inch with 504 Plan, engineer Sean O'Keefe suggested the band record the trio with Hurley.[6] Hurley was also recording an EP with his new group the Kill Pill in Chicago the same day, but raced to Madison to lay down drums for Fall Out Boy. "It was still a fill-in thing but when Andy sat in, it just felt different. It was one of those "a-ha" moments," recalled Wentz.[6]

text: 2003–2004: Early success and Take This to Your Grave

text: The band booked a two-week tour with Spitalfield, but Pareskuwicz was unable to get time off from work and Kunasch was kicked out of the band as the group "had all gotten sick of him."[6] Kunasch was temporarily replaced by friend Brandon Hamm on guitar, alongside drummer Chris Envy from the recently disbanded Showoff, but both quit prior to the kickoff of the tour.[6] The band invited Hurley instead to fill-in once more, while Stump borrowed one of Trohman's guitars for the trek. While most shows were cancelled, the band played any show possible: "Let's just get on whatever show we can. You can pay us in pizza," remembered Wentz.[6] As the tour concluded, the general consensus was that Hurley would be the band's new drummer, and the band began to shop around the three songs from the group's unreleased split as a demo to record labels. The band members set their sights on pop punk labels, and attempted with considerable effort to join Drive-Thru Records.[7] A showcase for label co-founders went largely mediocre, and the band were offered to sign to side label Rushmore, an offer that the members of the band declined. They got particularly far in discussions with The Militia Group and Victory Records, and Bob McLynn of Crush Management became the band's first manager.[8] The band re-entered the studio with O'Keefe to record several more tracks to create label interest. Wentz felt "in the backseat" in writing the songs and temporarily questioned his place in the group, but Stump argued in his favor: "No! That's not fair! Don't leave me with this band! Don't make me kind of like this band and then leave it! That's bullshit!"[8]

text: The band's early tour vehicle was a "tiny V6 that was running on three cylinders, and it was not getting enough air, so it would drive really slowly," recalled Wentz. "We had to turn on the hot air to reach the speed limit, so we had the heat on all the time in 120 degree weather. It was so hot it melted the plastic molding around the windows. When it rained, we'd get all wet."[5] John Janick of Fueled by Ramen had heard an early version of a song online and cold-called the band members at their apartment, first reaching Stump and later talking to Wentz for an hour.[8] Rob Stevenson from Island Records eventually offered the band a "first-ever incubator sort of deal," in which they gave the band money to sign with Fueled by Ramen for the group's one-off debut, knowing they could "upstream" the band to radio on the sophomore record.[8] Fueled by Ramen, at the time the smallest of independent labels clamoring to sign the band, would effectively release the group's debut album and help build the band's ever-expanding fanbase before the group moved to Island.[8] The band again partnered with O'Keefe at Smart Studios, bringing together the three songs from the demo and recording an additional seven songs in nine days. The band, according to Stump, didn't "sleep anywhere that we could shower [...] There was a girl that Andy's girlfriend at the time went to school with who let us sleep on her floor, but we'd be there for maybe four hours at a time. It was crazy."[9][10] As the band progressed and the members' roles became more defined, Wentz took lyrics extremely seriously in contrast to Stump, who had been the group's primary lyricist up to that point.[11] Arguments during the recording sessions led to what "most reductively boils down to Wentz writing the lyrics and Stump writing the melodies."[3]

text: The band's debut album, Take This to Your Grave, was issued by Fueled by Ramen in May 2003. Previously, one of the band's earliest recordings, Evening Out with Your Girlfriend, had not seen release until shortly before Grave in March 2003, when the band had gained considerable momentum. "Our record was something being rushed out to help generate some interest, but that interest was building before we could even get the record out," said Sean Muttaqi.[12] The band actively tried to stop Uprising from releasing the recordings (as the band's relationship with Muttaqi had grown sour), as the band viewed it as a "giant piece of garbage" recorded before Hurley's involvement that the band members ceased to consider the debut album of the group.[12] Gradually, the band's fanbase grew in size as the label pushed for the album's mainstream success. According to Wentz, shows began to end in a near-riot and the group were banned from several venues because the entire crowd would end up onstage.[13] The band gained positive reviews for subsequent gigs at South by Southwest (SXSW) and various tour appearances.[14] The band joined the Warped Tour for five dates in the summer of 2004, and on one date the band had only performed three songs when the stage collapsed due to the large crowd.[13] The band appeared on the cover of the August 2004 edition of Alternative Press, and listening stations at Hot Topic partially helped the album move 2,000-3,000 copies per week by Christmas 2004, at which point the label considered the band "tipping" into mainstream success.[13]

text: 2005–2006: From Under the Cork Tree

text: The band had been flooded with "hyperbolic praise," and deemed "the next big thing" by multiple media outlets.[15] Before recording the follow-up to its debut, the band released the acoustic EP/DVD My Heart Will Always Be the B-Side to My Tongue. The EP was the band's first charting on the Billboard 200 at number 153. From Under the Cork Tree was recorded in Burbank, California, and served as the first time the band had stayed in California for an extended period of time.[16] The group lived in corporate housing during the making of the album.[16] In contrast to Take This to Your Grave's rushed recording schedule, Fall Out Boy took a much more gradual pace while working on From Under the Cork Tree. It was the first Fall Out Boy record in which Stump created all the music and Wentz wrote all the lyrics, continuing the approach they took for some songs on Grave. Stump felt that this process was much more "smooth" as every member was able to focus on his individual strengths.[17] He explained: "We haven't had any of those moments when I play the music and he'll say, 'I don't like that,' and he'll read me lyrics and I'll say, 'I don't like those lyrics.' It's very natural and fun."[17] Despite this, the band had great difficulty creating its desired sound for the album, constantly scrapping new material. Two weeks before recording sessions began, the group abandoned ten songs and wrote eight more, including the album's first single, "Sugar, We're Goin Down."[15]

text: The band suffered a setback, however, when Wentz had an emotional breakdown in February 2005, culminating in an unsuccessful suicide attempt. He had withdrawn from the rest of the group, with his condition only apparent through his lyrics, and had also become obsessed with the recent Indian tsunami and his own self-doubt.[18] "It is particularly overwhelming when you are on the cusp of doing something very big and thinking that it will be a big flop," he said later. Wentz swallowed a handful of Ativan anxiety pills (he described the act as "hypermedicating") in the Chicago Best Buy parking lot.[18] After being rushed to the hospital and having his stomach pumped, Wentz moved back home to Wilmette to live with his parents.[18]

text: From Under the Cork Tree debuted and peaked at number nine on the Billboard 200 upon its May 2005 release. It was spearheaded by the band's breakthrough single, "Sugar, We're Goin' Down," reached number eight in the US Billboard Hot 100 in September 2005, and in the UK chart in February 2006, crossing over from Alternative to Pop radio.[18] "Dance, Dance," the album's second single, also was a top ten hit in the United States and was certified 3x Platinum in 2014.[14] The record's success led to stardom among teenagers in North America, and the band's first arena tour had the group playing to 10,000 people per night.[18] Rolling Stone wrote that the band's "anthems," distributed and marketed through their MySpace, connected with "skinny-jeans-wearing teen girls."[19] In support of From Under the Cork Tree, the band toured exhaustively with international tours, TRL visits, late-night television appearances and music award shows.[14] The band performed at music festivals in 2005 and 2006, including the third Nintendo Fusion Tour in the fall of 2005, joining The Starting Line, Motion City Soundtrack, Boys Night Out, and Panic! at the Disco on a 31 city tour.[20] The album earned the band a Grammy nomination for Best New Artist,[14] and has sold over 2.7 million copies in the United States, becoming the group's best-selling album.[18] "Sugar, We're Goin Down" also won the band an MTV Music Video Award.[21]

text: 2007: Infinity on High

text: In the wake of the band's multiplatinum success, the "especially extroverted" Wentz became the most publicly visible member of the band.[14][19] He confided to the press his suicide attempt and nude photos of the bassist appeared on the Internet in 2006.[19] He gained additional exposure through his clothing line, his Decaydance record label (an imprint of Fueled by Ramen), and eventually a celebrity relationship with pop singer Ashlee Simpson, which made the two tabloid fixtures in the United States.[14][19][22] Due to its increased success from the group's MTV Video Music Award, the group headlined the Black Clouds and Underdogs Tour, a pop punk event that featured The All-American Rejects, Well-Known Secret, Hawthorne Heights, and From First to Last. The tour also featured The Hush Sound for half of the tour and October Fall for half. The band played to 53 dates in the US, Canada, and the UK.[23]

text: After taking a two-month-long break following the band’s Black Clouds and Underdogs tour in promotion of the band's 2005 album From Under the Cork Tree, Fall Out Boy returned to the studio to begin work on a follow-up effort.[24] The band began writing songs for the new album while touring, and intended to quickly make a new album in order to keep momentum in the wake of its breakthrough success.[25] In early 2007, the group released its third studio album, Infinity on High, which was the band's second release on major label Island. The album marked a departure in Fall Out Boy’s sound in which the band implemented a diverse array of musical styles including funk, R&B, and flamenco.[24][26] As reported by Billboard, Fall Out Boy "drifts further from its hardcore punk roots to write increasingly accessible pop tunes," a slight departure from the group's previous more pop punk sound predominant on their 2003 effort, Take This to Your Grave.[27]

text: Infinity's first week was a major success and was the band's biggest selling week, selling 260,000 copies to debut at No. 1 on the US Billboard 200[28][29] and inside the top five worldwide. This charting was first started with lead single "The Carpal Tunnel of Love", with minor success on the Billboard charts.[30] This success was bolstered by the further-successful second single "This Ain't a Scene, It's an Arms Race", which reached No. 2 in both the US and UK as well as the top five in many other countries.[31] On the band's decision to pick the song as a single, Wentz commented "There may be other songs on the record that would be bigger radio hits, but this one had the right message."[32] "Thnks fr th Mmrs", the third single, peaked just outside the top 10 at No. 11 on the strength of sales and popular radio play, and went on to sell over two million copies in the US.[33] It found its greatest success in Australia where it charted at No. 3. In 2007, Fall Out Boy placed at No. 9 in the Top Selling Digital Artists chart with 4,423,000 digital tracks sold, according to Nielsen SoundScan.[34] The album itself has sold over two million copies worldwide and subsequently was certified Platinum in the United States.[35]

text: Fall Out Boy then headlined the 2007 Honda Civic Tour to promote the album. Though the tour was initially postponed due to personal issues,[36] it would take place with +44, Cobra Starship, The Academy Is... and Paul Wall as supporting acts. The band also headlined the Young Wild Things Tour, an international arena tour featuring Gym Class Heroes, Plain White T's and Cute Is What We Aim For.[37] Inspired by Maurice Sendak's 1963 children's book Where the Wild Things Are, the concert tour and included sets designed by artist Rob Dobi containing images from the book.[37] The band's "hugely successful" amphitheater tour to promote Infinity led to the release of the 2008 live album Live in Phoenix, consisting of live material recorded during a June 22, 2007, concert at Phoenix's Cricket Wireless Pavilion, a date of the Honda Civic Tour. The disc also a studio cover of Michael Jackson's "Beat It", with guitarist John Mayer guesting for a guitar solo. The track was released as a single and became a mainstay on the iTunes top ten.[38]

text: 2008–2009: Folie à Deux

text: The band members decided to keep publicity down during the recording of their fourth album, as the group was taken aback by such press surrounding Infinity on High.[38] Sessions proved to be difficult for the band as Wentz started taking LSD when Zach Blair lead guitarist for Rise Against made him try it at a party in April 2008. The goal in Wentz using LSD was to hope it would influence his songwriting, but it just made him distracted from writing songs, which annoyed Stump, so he stopped using LSD in August 2008. Wentz later said he had taken LSD over 50 times.[39] Stump called the making of the album "painful", noting that he and Wentz quarreled over many issues, revealing "I threw something across the room over a major-to-minor progression."[40] On previous albums, Trohman felt he and Hurley did not have enough musical freedom and that Stump and Wentz exerted too much control over the group: "I felt, 'Man, this isn't my band anymore.' It's no one's fault, and I don't want to make it seem that way. It was more of a complex I developed based off of stuff I was reading. It's hard to hear, 'Joe and Andy are just along for the ride.'"[41] To amend the situation, Trohman sat down with Stump to communicate his concerns, which led to more collaboration on Folie à Deux. "It made me feel like I owned the songs a lot more. It made me really excited about contributing to Fall Out Boy and made me find my role in the band," Trohman recalled.[41]

text: As the release of the new album approached, the band and its management found that they would have to navigate changes in the music industry, facing declining record sales, the lack of a proper outlet for exhibition of music videos, and the burgeoning US economic crisis.[42] To promote the album, Wentz launched a viral campaign in August 2008, inspired by George Orwell's novel Nineteen Eighty-Four (1949), and the autocratic, overbearing Big Brother organization.[43] Folie à Deux, released in December 2008, did not perform as well commercially as its predecessor, Infinity on High. It debuted at number eight on the US Billboard 200 chart with first week sales of 150,000 copies during a highly competitive week with other big debuts, becoming Fall Out Boy's third consecutive top ten album.[44][45] This is in contrast to the band's more successful previous effort which shifted 260,000 copies in its opening week to debut at number one the chart.[45] Folie spent two weeks within the top 20 out of its 22 chart weeks.[44] It also entered Billboard's Rock Albums and Alternative Albums charts at number three.[44] Within two months of its release, Folie à Deux was certified Gold in the United States by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA), denoting shipments of 500,000 copies.[46] The lead single, "I Don't Care", reached a peak at number twenty-one on the Billboard Hot 100,[47] and was certified Platinum by the RIAA for shipments of one million copies.[48]

text: To promote the album, Fall Out Boy embarked on the Believers Never Die Tour Part Deux, which included dates in the United States and Canada.[49] The constant touring schedule became difficult for the band due to conflicting fan opinion regarding Folie à Deux: concertgoers would "boo the band for performing numbers from the record in concert", leading Stump to describe touring in support of Folie as like "being the last act at the vaudeville show: We were rotten vegetable targets in Clandestine hoods."[50] "Some of us were miserable onstage," said guitarist Joe Trohman. "Others were just drunk."[51] A greatest hits compilation, Believers Never Die – Greatest Hits, followed in the fall, and following these events, the band decided to take a break. The band's decision stemmed from disillusionment with the music industry and Stump recalled that "We found ourselves running on fumes a little bit -- creatively and probably as people, too."[52] Stump realized the band was desperate to take a break; he sat the group down and explained that a hiatus was in order if the band wanted to continue in the future.[53] All involved felt the dynamic of the group had changed as personalities developed.[53]

text: Rumors and misquotes led to confusion as to what such a break truly meant; Wentz preferred to not refer to the break as a "hiatus," instead explaining that the band was just "decompressing."[54] Fall Out Boy played its last show at Madison Square Garden on October 4, 2009. Near the end, Blink-182's Mark Hoppus shaved Wentz's head in a move Rolling Stone would later describe as a "symbolic cleansing of the past, but also the beginning of a very dark chapter for the band."[53]

text: 2010–2012: Hiatus and solo careers

text: By the time the break began, Stump was the heaviest he had ever been and loathed the band's image as an "emo" band.[55] Coming home from tour, drummer Andy Hurley "went through the darkest depression [I've] ever felt. I looked at my calendar and it was just empty."[51] Wentz, who had been abusing Xanax and Klonopin, was divorced by his wife Ashlee Simpson and returned to therapy.[51][56] "I'd basically gone from being the guy in Fall Out Boy to being the guy who, like, hangs out all day," Wentz recalled.[55] Previously known as the "overexposed, despised" leader of the band, Wentz "simply grew up," sharing custody of his son and embracing maturity: "There was a jump-cut in my life. I started thinking – like, being old would be cool."[55]

text: During the hiatus, the band members each pursued individual musical interests, which were met with "varying degrees of failure."[51] Stump was the only member of the quartet to take on a solo project while Fall Out Boy was on hiatus, recording debut album Soul Punk entirely on his own: he wrote, produced, and played every instrument for all tracks on the record. In addition, he married his longtime girlfriend and lost over sixty pounds through portion control and exercise.[57][58] Stump blew through most of his savings putting together a large band to tour behind Soul Punk, but ticket sales were sparse and the album stalled commercially.[51] During a particularly dark moment in February 2012, Stump poured his heart out in a 1500-word blog entry called "We Liked You Better Fat: Confessions of a Pariah."[50][53] In the post, Stump lamented the harsh reception of the record and his status as a "has-been" at 27. Stump revealed that fans harassed him on his solo tour, hurling insults such as "We liked you better fat," and noted that "Whatever notoriety Fall Out Boy used to have prevents me from having the ability to start over from the bottom again."[59] Aside from Soul Punk and personal developments, Stump moonlighted as a professional songwriter/producer, co-writing tracks with Bruno Mars and All Time Low, and pursued acting.[50]

text: Wentz formed electronic duo Black Cards with vocalist Bebe Rexha in July 2010. The project released one single before album delays led to Rexha's departure in 2011. Black Cards added Spencer Peterson to complete the Use Your Disillusion EP in 2012.[58] Wentz also completed writing a novel, Gray, that he had been working on for six years outside the band, and began hosting the reality tattoo competition show Best Ink.[60] Hurley ventured farther into rock during the hiatus, drumming with multiple bands over the three-year period. He continued to manage his record label, Fuck City, and drummed for bands Burning Empires and Enabler.[58] He also formed heavy metal outfit The Damned Things with Trohman, Scott Ian and Rob Caggiano of Anthrax, and Keith Buckley of Every Time I Die.[58] Despite this, the members all remained cordial to one another; Wentz was Stump's best man at his wedding.[61] The hiatus was, all things considered, beneficial for the group and its members, according to Hurley. "The hiatus helped them all kind of figure themselves out," he explained in 2013. "Especially Joe and Patrick, who were so young. And Pete is a million times better."[55]

text: 2013–2014: Reformation and Save Rock and Roll

text: Stump and Wentz met up for the first time in several years in early 2012 for a writing session. Wentz reached out to Stump after he penned his letter, as he too felt he was in a dark place and needed a creative outlet.[53] He was at first reluctant to approach Stump, likening the phone call to reconnecting with a lover after years of acrimony.[55] "I know what you need – you need your band," Wentz told Stump.[55] "I think it's kind of weird that we haven't really seen each other this year. We paid for each other's houses and you don't know my kid," Wentz remarked.[61] The result, "three or four" new songs, were shelved with near immediacy, with the two concluding that "it just wasn't right and didn't feel right."[62] Several months later, the two reconvened and wrote tracks that they felt truly represented the band in a modern form.[53] The band decided that if a comeback was in order, it must represent the band in its current form: "We didn't want to come back just to bask in the glory days and, like, and collect a few checks and pretend ... and do our best 2003 impersonation," said Stump.[63] Afterwards, the quartet held an all-day secret meeting at their manager's home in New York City where they discussed ideas and the mechanics of getting together to record.[53][62] Trohman was the last to be contacted, through a three-hour phone call from Stump. As Trohman was arguably the most excited to begin other projects, he had a list of stipulations for rejoining the band. "If I'm not coming back to this band writing music […] then I don't want to," he remarked. Stump supported Trohman's ambition saying Trohman "needed to be writing more."[61]

text: The band members' main goal was to reinvent the group's sound from scratch, creating what Trohman called a "reimagining of the band," which focuses more on pop.[55] Sessions were not without difficulties, as the band struggled initially to produce new material. Walker had doubts about the band's volatility, feeling the record would not get made following "meltdown after meltdown."[55] The entire album was recorded in secrecy from the music industry, critics, and fans of the band.[63] While specifically denying that the group's announcement was a reunion because "[the group had] never broke[n] up", the band announced a reunion tour and details of Save Rock and Roll on February 4, 2013.[64] The quartet's announcement included a photo of the group that had been taken earlier that morning of the band members huddled around a bonfire tossing copies of their back catalog into flames at the original location of Comiskey Park, the location of 1979's Disco Demolition Night, a baseball promotional event which involved destroying disco records.[65] A message on the group's website read "when we were kids the only thing that got us through most days was music. It's why we started Fall Out Boy in the first place. This isn't a reunion because we never broke up. We needed to plug back in and make some music that matters to us. The future of Fall Out Boy starts now. Save rock and roll..."[66] Save Rock and Roll debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 chart, with first week sales of 154,000 copies in the United States, according to Nielsen SoundScan.[67] The arrival of Save Rock and Roll posted the quartet's third-biggest sales week, and earned the group's second career number one on the chart.[67] The band's chart success was best described as unexpected by music journalists. Rolling Stone called the band's comeback a "rather stunning renaissance",[53] and Entertainment Weekly called the number one a "major accomplishment for a band whom many in the industry had dismissed as kings of a genre whose time had passed."[68]

text: The record's lead single, "My Songs Know What You Did in the Dark (Light Em Up)", peaked at number 13 on the Billboard Hot 100, marking the band's first top twenty single since the group's 2008 cover of Michael Jackson's "Beat It".[69] It was certified 3x Platinum in the US for over 3 million sales. Inspired in part by Daft Punk's Interstella 5555: The 5tory of the 5ecret 5tar 5ystem, the band released a music video for every song on the album in a series titled The Young Blood Chronicles between February 2013 and May 2014.[70] The band also released a hardcore punk-influenced EP, PAX AM Days, in late 2013.[71] Fall Out Boy covered Elton John's (who was featured on the Save Rock And Roll title track) song "Saturday Night's Alright for Fighting" for inclusion in the fortieth anniversary re-release edition of Goodbye Yellow Brick Road on March 25, 2014, alongside covers by different artists.[72]

text: Fall Out Boy headlined Save Rock And Roll tours (including US, Australian and European legs) and played at music festivals around the world for one and a half years. The group co-headlined Monumentour with Paramore in North America to close the Save Rock And Roll era.[73]

text: 2014–2016: American Beauty/American Psycho

text: On June 2, 2014, Wentz stated that he and Stump were writing new music: "We're writing. I was just listening to something Patrick had written in the trailer. So we're writing, finishing out the album cycle in South Africa in September." In a later interview with Rock Sound regarding the status of the album, Wentz commented "We don’t have an exact timetable yet. I have a two-week old son and Patrick has a baby on the way in October, so there’s a lot going on." as well as stating a rough release time as early 2015.[74] In December 2014 the band played radio-sponsored Christmas shows, including KROQ's Almost Acoustic Christmas.[75]

text: "Centuries" - the first single of Fall Out Boy's sixth studio album[76] - premiered on September 8, 2014 on BBC Radio 1, receiving a worldwide release the next day.[77][78] By the 2010s, there were few rock bands achieving success on mainstream radio and the charts, but "Centuries" defied the odds to peak at No. 10 on the Billboard Hot 100 and No. 13 on Billboard Mainstream Top 40.[79] Fall Out Boy also was featured on the track "Back to Earth" from Steve Aoki's second album Neon Future I, which was released on September 30, 2014.[80] Another song titled "Immortals" was released October 14, 2014, as part of the soundtrack for the Walt Disney film Big Hero 6.[81] The group remade the Chicago Bulls's anthem "Only the Bulls" with guest Lupe Fiasco. The recording of the song was released in November 2014.[82]

text: On November 24, 2014, the title of Fall Out Boy's sixth studio album was announced as American Beauty/American Psycho; the album was released on January 20, 2015. The album's title track premiered on BBC Radio 1 in the UK along with the album's title reveal.[83] American Beauty/American Psycho debuted at No. 1 on the US Billboard 200 with 192,000 first week sales and 218,000 equivalent album units, becoming Fall Out Boy's third No. 1 album.[84] The band played two small venue release shows in January 2015, in London and Chicago.[85] American Beauty/American Psycho was certified platinum in the US on March 1, 2016, after selling 1 millions units.[86] From February through March, the band played at the Australian Soundwave festival for the first time, with two additional side shows in Sydney and Brisbane.[87]

text: Fall Out Boy inducted Green Day into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame on April 18, 2015.[88] On May 18, the group performed its song "Uma Thurman" with Wiz Khalifa on the 2015 Billboard Music Awards.[89] In June–August 2015, Fall Out Boy began touring across the United States with Wiz Khalifa, Hoodie Allen, and MAX on the "Boys of Zummer Tour".[90]

text: On October 1, 2015, the "American Beauty/American Psycho" European tour kicked off in Dublin, Ireland, and consisted of 12 dates with shows in the UK, Russia, and Europe.[91] On May 24, 2015 it was announced English rapper Professor Green would support Fall Out Boy on the 8-date leg of the band's UK tour. New York based dance-duo Matt and Kim were added as additional support for the UK tour.[92] On October 23, 2015, Fall Out Boy announced via Twitter the release of a re-worked version of its sixth studio album, Make America Psycho Again. The remix album features a remade version of each track from the original record, each featuring a different rapper. The album was released on October 30, 2015. It included the version of "Uma Thurman" featuring Wiz Khalifa which had been originally performed at the Billboard Music Awards.[93] On March 1, 2016, it was announced Fall Out Boy are to headline Reading and Leeds Festivals in the UK in August 2016 along with Biffy Clyro.[94]

text: 2017–present: Mania

text: On April 27, 2017, Fall Out Boy announced that their new album was set to be released on September 15, titled Mania. The first single, "Young and Menace," was released the same day.[95] The second single, "Champion," was released in the U.S. on June 22[96] and worldwide on June 23. Music videos have been posted to Vevo and YouTube for both songs. The band plans to begin the Mania Tour in North America in October of 2017 with hip hop artist blackbear[97] and actor-rapper Jaden Smith,[98] and will perform in Australia in 2018 with indie band WAAX.[99] On August 3, 2017, Patrick Stump tweeted that the album's release would be pushed back to January 19, 2018, because the band were not satisfied with the results of their work at the time.[100]

text: Musical style and influences

text: While widely considered to be a pop punk band,[101][102] Fall Out Boy has also been described as pop rock[103] emo,[104] and emo pop,[105][106] and cites emo group The Get Up Kids as an influence among many other bands. When interviewed for a retrospective article in Alternative Press at the time The Get Up Kids disbanded in 2005, Pete Wentz stated that "Fall Out Boy would not be a band if it were not for The Get Up Kids."[107] Early in the band's career, when Jared Logan was producing the group's debut album, he asked bassist Pete Wentz what sound the band desired for recording. Wentz responded by "handing over the first two New Found Glory records".[108] Wentz also cites Green Day, the Ramones, Screeching Weasel, Metallica, Earth Crisis, Gorilla Biscuits and Lifetime as influences.[109] The band acknowledges its hardcore punk roots as an influence; all four members were involved in the Chicago hardcore scene before joining Fall Out Boy.[18] Wentz described the band's affiliation with the genre by saying "I think the interesting thing is that we are all hardcore kids that are writing pop music...It gives us a different style because at our core we are always hardcore. That aspect is always going to be evident in the music. We are hardcore kids that couldn't quite cut it as hardcore kids."[18] He referred to Fall Out Boy's genre as "softcore": hardcore punk mixed with pop sensibility.[18] Lead singer Patrick Stump, however, is also influenced by artists he listened to while growing up including Prince,[110] Michael Jackson,[110] and David Bowie.[111]

text: Fall Out Boy's albums Take This to Your Grave and From Under the Cork Tree are both said to have pop punk as well as punk rock sounds and influences,[112][113] and Infinity on High features a wide range of styles and instrumentation, including orchestral arrangements ("Thnks fr th Mmrs"[114]) and a slower piano ballad ("Golden"[115]). R&B influences on Infinity on High are on songs such as "This Ain't a Scene, It's an Arms Race" and two of the album's tracks are produced by R&B singer/producer Babyface. On Folie à Deux, the group continues to evolve its sound, with less of a pop punk sound and increasing the use of piano (such as "What a Catch, Donnie",[116] "Headfirst Slide into Cooperstown on a Bad Bet",[117] and "20 Dollar Nose Bleed"[117]), synthesizers, and guest artists. The band also shows a number of influences, with "Disloyal Order of Water Buffaloes" borrowing a chord sequence from The Who song "Baba O'Riley".[118] The group has worked with many producers and artists, including The Neptunes, Timbaland, Ryan Adams, Lil Wayne and Kanye West, the latter of which Patrick Stump described as "the Prince of his generation."[119]

text: When the band returned from hiatus with Save Rock and Roll, their main goal was to reinvent the sound of the group from scratch, creating what Trohman called a "reimagining of the band", which focused more on pop and moved away from the punk aspects of their sound.[55] While mostly an album which mixes pop, rock and R&B,[120] the record was still described by Dave Simpson of The Guardian as a pop punk record, but also noted influences from Heart in the album's ballads.[121] In American Beauty/American Psycho, the band felt influences from playing with different artists and expanded on boundaries further than Save Rock and Roll did.[122] In an interview with Rolling Stone, guitarist Joe Trohman said the album has "hip hop grooves with guitars on it," with "more in your face guitar than Save Rock and Roll".[123] Annie Zaleski of Alternative Press described American Beauty/American Psycho as a "mix of fluid grooves, punky riffs and outré pop sensibilities."[122]

text: A central part of Fall Out Boy's sound is rooted in the band's lyrics, mainly penned by bassist Pete Wentz, who commonly uses irony and other literary devices to narrate personal experience and stories.[112] Wentz stated, "I write about what I’m going through most of the time, or what I imagine people are going through most of the time."[124] He draws inspiration from authors such as Charles Bukowski, Ernest Hemingway, and JT LeRoy, as well as rappers such as Lil Wayne, who he described as his primary influence while writing Infinity on High.[125][126] On Fall Out Boy's earlier works, Wentz wrote primarily about love and heartbreak.[127] Themes addressed on From Under the Cork Tree include narcissism and megalomania, while many tracks on Infinity on High discuss the ups and downs of fame.[115][125][128] While writing Folie à Deux, he explored moral dilemmas and societal shortcomings, as well as concepts such as trust, infidelity, responsibility, and commitment.[129] While the album does contain political overtones, the band wanted to avoid being overt about these themes, leaving many lyrics open to interpretation for listeners.[129]

text: Legacy

text: Fall Out Boy have been instrumental in the careers of other artists, such as Panic! at the Disco, whom Pete Wentz signed to his record label, Decaydance Records, in late 2004.[130] Several artists, such as You Me at Six[131] and Taylor Swift,[132] have created or performed covers of Fall Out Boy songs as a homage to the band.

text: The Fall Out Boy band members were the first inductees to the "Hall of Wood" at the 2015 MtvU Woodie Awards and performed a medley of five songs at the ceremony.[133] This honor is given to artists who have used MTV Woodie Awards as a "launching pad" in achieving chart topping success within their musical careers, thus influencing up and coming bands. The award also recognizes bands “sticking to their roots” and “maintaining their loyal fan base.”[134] The group had won the Woodie Award for Streaming for "Grand Theft Autumn" at the first ceremony in 2004.[135]

text: Band members

text:
Current members

Patrick Stump – lead vocals (2001–present); rhythm guitar (2002–present)
Joe Trohman – lead guitar, backing vocals (2001–present)
Pete Wentz – bass, unclean vocals, backing vocals (2001–present)
Andy Hurley – drums, percussion (2003–present)

Former members

T.J. Kunasch – rhythm guitar, backing vocals (2001–2002)
Brandon Hamm – rhythm guitar, backing vocals (2002)
Ben Rose – drums, percussion (2001)
Mike Pareskuwicz – drums, percussion (2001–2003)

tag: table

text: Timeline

text: Discography

text:
Take This to Your Grave (2003)
From Under the Cork Tree (2005)
Infinity on High (2007)
Folie à Deux (2008)
Save Rock and Roll (2013)
American Beauty/American Psycho (2015)
Mania (2018)

tag: ul

text: Awards and nominations

text: A select list of Fall Out Boy's awards and nominations.

text:
Year
Nominee/work
Award
Result

2004
"Grand Theft Autumn/Where Is Your Boy"
MtvU Woodie Award - Streaming Artist[136]
Won

2005
"Sugar, We're Goin Down"
MTV Video Music Award - MTV2 Award

2006
"Dance, Dance"
MuchMusic Video Award - People's Choice: Favorite International Group

"Sugar, We're Goin Down"
Kerrang! Award - Best Single
Nominated

Kerrang! Award – Best Video
Won

"Dance, Dance"
Teen Choice Award – Rock Track

Teen Choice Award – Single

Fall Out Boy
Teen Choice Award – Rock Group

MTV Video Music Award – Viewer's Choice

Grammy Award for Best New Artist
Nominated

2007
"This Ain't a Scene, It's an Arms Race"
Kerrang! Award – Best Video
Won

"Thnks fr th Mmrs"
Teen Choice Award – Single

Nickelodeon's Australian Kids' Choice Awards - Fave Song[137]

Nickelodeon's Kids' Choice Award – Single

Fall Out Boy
Teen Choice Award – Best Group

MTV Video Music Award – Best Group

Nickelodeon's Kids Choice Award - Best Band[138]
Nominated

2008
"The Take Over, the Breaks Over"
MuchMusic Video Award – People's Choice: Favorite International Video
Won

Fall Out Boy
TMF Award – Best Live International

TMF Award – Best Rock International

TMF Award – Best Alternative International

"Beat It"
MTV Video Music Award – Best Rock Video
Nominated

Fall Out Boy
Teen Choice Award – Choice Rock Group

Pete Wentz
Teen Choice Award – Choice Hotties

2009
"I Don't Care"
NRJ Music Award – Best International Band

2013
"The Phoenix"
Kerrang! Award for Best Single
Won

"My Songs Know What You Did In The Dark (Light Em Up)"
MTV Video Music Award for Best Rock Video
Nominated

Fall Out Boy
MTV Europe Music Awards - Best Alternative

2014
Fall Out Boy
People's Choice Awards - Favorite Alternative Band[139]
Won

Fall Out Boy
Billboard Music Awards - Top Rock Artist
Nominated

Save Rock and Roll
Billboard Music Awards - Top Rock Album

Fall Out Boy
Kerrang! Awards - Best International Band
Won

Save Rock and Roll Tour
Kerrang! Awards - Best Event

Pete Wentz
Kerrang! Awards - Tweeter of the Year
Nominated

Fall Out Boy
Alternative Press Award - Artist of the Year
Won

Fall Out Boy
Alternative Press Award - Best Live Band
Nominated

Save Rock and Roll
Alternative Press Award - Album of the Year

"My Songs Know What You Did in the Dark (Light Em Up)"
Alternative Press Award - Song of the Year

Pete Wentz
Alternative Press Award - Best Bassist

Fall Out Boy & The Band Perry
CMT Music Awards - CMT Performance of the Year

Fall Out Boy
World Music Awards - World's Best Alternative Act
Won

Fall Out Boy
World Music Awards - World's Best Group
Nominated

Fall Out Boy
World Music Awards - World's Best Live Act

Save Rock and Roll
World Music Awards - World's Best Album

"My Songs Know What You Did in the Dark (Light Em Up)"
World Music Awards - World's Best Song

"My Songs Know What You Did in the Dark (Light Em Up)"
World Music Awards - World's Best Music Video

2015
Fall Out Boy
Billboard Music Awards - Top Rock Artist

"Centuries"
Billboard Music Awards - Top Rock Song

Teen Choice Awards - Choice Song: Group

Fall Out Boy
Teen Choice Awards - Choice Music Group: Male

"Uma Thurman"
Teen Choice Awards - Choice Rock Song

The Boys of Zummer (with Wiz Khalifa)
Teen Choice Awards - Choice Summer Tour

"Uma Thurman"
MTV Video Music Award - Best Rock Video
Won

Fall Out Boy
American Music Awards - Favorite Alternative Band

Fall Out Boy
People's Choice Awards - Favorite Group
Nominated

2016
Fall Out Boy
Billboard Music Awards - Top Rock Artist

"Uma Thurman"
Billboard Music Awards - Top Rock Song

Radio Disney Music Awards - Best Song To Dance To

Fall Out Boy
Radio Disney Music Awards - Best Music Group

Alternative Press Music Awards - Artist of the Year

Patrick Stump
Alternative Press Music Awards - Best Vocalist
Won

Fall Out Boy
Teen Choice Awards - Choice Music Group
Nominated

MTV Video Music Award - Best Rock Video


document_title: List of Governors of Lagos State

question_text: who was the first military governor of lagos state

text: List of Governors of Lagos State

text: This is a list of administrators and governors of Lagos State. Lagos State was formed in 1967-05-27 from Colony province and Lagos federal territory. The Office of is responsible for the effective coordination of all government activities for Lagos State.

text:
Name
Title
Took Office
Left Office
Party
Notes

Brigadier Mobolaji Johnson[1]
Governor
28 May 1967
July 1975
(military)

Commodore Adekunle Lawal[1]
Governor
July 1975
1977
(military)

Commodore Ndubuisi Kanu[1]
Governor
1977
July 1978
(military)

Commodore Ebitu Ukiwe[1]
Governor
July 1978
October 1979
(military)

Alhaji Lateef Jakande[1]
Governor
October 1979
December 1983
Unity Party of Nigeria - UPN

Air Commodore Gbolahan Mudasiru[1]
Governor
January 1984
1986
(military)

Navy Captain Mike Akhigbe[1]
Governor
1986
July 1988
(military)

Brigadier General Raji Rasaki[1]
Governor
July 1988
January 1992
(military)

Sir Michael Otedola[1]
Governor
January 1992
November 1993
[National Republican Congress (NRC)]

Colonel Olagunsoye Oyinlola[1]
Governor
9 December 1993
22 August 1996
(military)

Colonel Mohammed Buba Marwa[1]
Governor
22 Aug 1996
29 May 1999
(military)

Mr Bola Tinubu[1][2]
Governor
29 May 1999
29 May 2007
Alliance For Democracy

Mr Babatunde Fashola
Governor
29 May 2007
29 May 2015
All Progressives Congress

Mr Akinwunmi Ambode
Governor
29 May 2015

All Progressives Congress

text: </yipyne>