document_title: Mercedes-AMG

question_text: what does amg stand for in mercedes benz cars

question_tokens: what does amg stand for in mercedes benz cars

text: Mercedes-AMG

text: History[edit]

text: AMG was founded as a racing engine forge in 1967 under the name AMG Motorenbau und Entwicklungsgesellschaft mbH (AMG Engine Production and Development, Ltd.), by former Mercedes-Benz engineers Hans Werner Aufrecht and Erhard Melcher in Burgstall an der Murr, near Stuttgart. The letters "AMG" stand for Aufrecht, Melcher and Großaspach (Aufrecht's birth town). In 1976 most of AMG moved to Affalterbach, with the racing-engine development remaining at the old location in Burgstall. At this time Erhard Melcher ceased to be a partner, but continued to be an employee at the Burgstall location.

text: In 1993, with AMG having become a high-profile purveyor of modified Mercedes-Benz cars, Daimler-Benz AG and AMG signed a contract of cooperation, allowing AMG to leverage Daimler-Benz's extensive dealer network and leading to commonly developed vehicles (the first one being the Mercedes-Benz C36 AMG, in 1993). On 1 January 1999 DaimlerChrysler, as it was called between 1998 and 2007, acquired 51 percent of AMG shares, and AMG was renamed to Mercedes-AMG GmbH.[4] Racing engine development was divested and continues to exist in Burgstall under the name HWA (Aufrecht's initials). On 1 January 2005 Aufrecht sold his remaining shares to DaimlerChrysler, and since then Mercedes-AMG GmbH has been a wholly owned subsidiary of Daimler AG.[1]

text: Development of the product range[edit]

text: AMG started off by designing and testing racing engines. It expanded its business into building custom road cars based upon standard Mercedes cars. AMG initially produced a range of unofficial upgrade and accessories packages mainly for the Mercedes-Benz R107 and C107 (1971-1989 SL roadster),[5] Mercedes-Benz W116 (1972-1980 S-class), Mercedes-Benz W123 (1976-1985 E-class), Mercedes-Benz W124 (1984-1997 E-class), Mercedes-Benz W126 (1979-1992 S-class), Mercedes-Benz R129 (1989-2001 SL roadster), and Mercedes-Benz W201 (1982-1993 C-class) models.

text: During the early 1980s and up until 1990, AMG offered a variety of engine performance packages, alloy wheels and styling products as an entirely independent company from Daimler-Benz. In 1990, AMG signed a co-operation agreement with Daimler-Benz, and AMG options and cars were then offered in Mercedes-Benz showrooms; in 1999 Daimler AG, then known as DaimlerChrysler AG, bought the controlling share of AMG and made them part of the official Mercedes-Benz line-up.[6]

text: Typical AMG performance enhancements, which the buyer could custom order, included increased engine displacements (5.2 litre, 5.4 litre), performance top ends with port and polished heads and intake, lightened valve train, and more aggressive cams. The DOHC 32V engine had also just been developed and was the pinnacle of AMG performance. A Getrag five-speed manual transmission could be ordered from AMG, and Mercedes had not offered a manual transmission V8 since the early 1970s.

text: The performance wheels offered during the same period were 15-inch or 16-inch ATS AMG Five Spoke Road Wheels, commonly referred to as Pentas. Penta was actually a UK-based company that supplemented the high demand for the AMG wheel at the time with a replica and only a very slight styling difference, but they were not made or endorsed by AMG. The genuine AMG wheels were often coupled with an AMG performance suspension package that included uprated and lowered springs, and re-valved shock absorbers.

text: Another popular cosmetic upgrade were the AMG body kits. These ranged from subtle front spoilers, to an aggressive Wide Body kits for the W126 coupes. Other options included Recaro seats, smaller diameter steering wheels, instrument clusters, chrome delete option (all brightworks colour-coded or painted satin black), refrigerators, shift knobs, hi-fi stereo systems, custom upholstery and enhanced interior wood packages.

text: The release of the AMG Hammer sedan in 1986, based on the W124 E-Class, took AMG's performance modifications for a fast midsized sedan to a new level. AMG made the world's fastest passenger sedan at the time, nicknamed the Hammer,[7] by squeezing Mercedes 5.6-litre V8 tuned by AMG to 360 hp into a midsized sedan. It was very aggressive for the era, with 32-valve cylinder heads and twin camshafts, and said to be faster than the Lamborghini Countach from 60 to 120 mph.[8] Later models were even more powerful and introduced the 17-inch AMG Aero 1 Hammer wheels. 1986 was also the year Mercedes introduced the 560 M117 engine. This provided yet another opportunity for customers to order the largest AMG displacement available at the time, the 6L 100 mm bore SOHC or DOHC engines available for both the W126 coupe and sedans.

text: Through the early 2000s, AMG focused principally on supercharged V8 and V6 engines, but the company officially abandoned this technology in 2006 with the introduction of the naturally aspirated 6.2 L M156 V8. On 16 January 2006, Mercedes-AMG Chairman Volker Mornhinweg told AutoWeek that the company would use turbocharging for higher output rather than supercharging. For 2011, AMG released the M157 5.5L biturbo V8, which has supplanted the M156 in its full-sized cars such as the S-Class and CL-Class (and is trickling down to the CLS, E-Class and ML-class). In 2012, Mercedes-AMG Chairman Olla Kallenius said that Mercedes-AMG will not produce diesel engines to compete with BMW's tri-turbo diesels (BMW M Performance range).[9]

text: Although there were some AMG models in the 1980s with manual transmissions, almost all recent models have used automatics (5G-Tronic and later 7G-Tronic with Speedshift), in contrast to BMW M, which used manuals and recently semi-automatic transmissions (the current type being a dual clutch transmission). Starting in 2009, however, AMG began adopting the seven-speed AMG SpeedShift MCT automatic transmission.

text: Although these are considered the most well known in-house tuning divisions, Mercedes-AMG has a considerably different philosophy than BMW M. Mercedes-AMG has created high-performance versions of many of its nameplates, including flagship sedans and SUVs, while BMW M has emphasized tuning only vehicles with "Lateral agility" (which has long been only their 3 Series, 5 Series, and roadsters).[10] Compared to BMW M, Mercedes-AMG is "less narrow in its sporting focus, yet still combining sledgehammer performance with relaxed handling, cultured comfort, and practicality".[11]

text: While founders Hans Werner Aufrecht and Erhard Melcher had emphasized proper racing cars, Mercedes-AMG had diverged considerably from this philosophy in recent years, with their offerings being well known for straight-line acceleration but poor handling dynamics. However, current Mercedes-AMG chairman Volker Mornhinweg has urged the division to return to its roots of building sports cars.[12]

text: Motor racing[edit]

text: In the late 1960s and early 1970s, AMG entered the big Mercedes-Benz 300SEL 6.3 V8 saloon, affectionately named the "Red Sow", in the 1971 Spa 24 Hours, and the European Touring Car Championship. AMG and Mercedes worked together on Mercedes-Benz W201 cars for the 1988 Deutsche Tourenwagen Meisterschaft (DTM, German Touring Car Championship). AMG was made the official partner.

text: When DaimlerChrysler acquired a majority share of AMG in 1999, the motor racing department was divested into HWA AG. Their first car was the ill-fated Mercedes-Benz CLR. Since 2000, HWA builds and runs the cars for Deutsche Tourenwagen Masters (DTM), as well as the M271 engine tuned for use in Formula 3.

text: Six successive lightly modified Mercedes-Benz AMG models (including, most recently, an SL 63 AMG) have acted as the safety cars for the FIA Formula One World Championship.

text: Since 2010, the Mercedes-Benz SLS AMG GT3s has been competing in GT competitions around the world, such as the FIA GT3 European Championship, Blancpain Endurance Series, Blancpain Sprint Series, VLN, 24 Hours of Nurburgring, British GT Championship, Super GT, Australian GT Championship, Bathurst 12 Hour, Dubai 24 Hour, Macau GT Cup and Pirelli World Challenge.

text: In late 2011, after the end of the Formula One season, Mercedes GP Petronas announced that it would be using the AMG branding for its F1 efforts, changing its name to Mercedes AMG Petronas for the 2012 season onwards.[13]

text: Three AMG E Class V8 Supercars began competing Australian V8 Supercars Championship from 2013, with the newly formed partnership of Erebus Motorsport and Stone Brothers Racing Teams operating under a Customer Sports Program of AMG.[14]

text: Relationship with Pagani[edit]

text: AMG also provides engines for the Zonda and Huayra cars. The engines used are variants of the M120 7,291 cc displacement V12 engine originally used in the 1995 SL73 AMG. The M120 is the largest displacement naturally aspirated engine provided by AMG and is now exclusively used by Pagani.

text: Relationship with Aston Martin[edit]

text: On July 25, 2013, Aston Martin Lagonda Ltd and Daimler AG announced moves towards a technical partnership with Mercedes-AMG GmbH. The deal will see Aston Martin access significant Mercedes-AMG GmbH and Mercedes-Benz Cars' resources, allowing the development of bespoke V8 powertrains and the use of certain components of electric/electronic architecture. Daimler AG now owns a stake of 5% of non-voting shares in Aston Martin, joining existing shareholders Investment DAR, Adeem Investment and Investindustrial. The technical partnership will support Aston Martin’s launch of a new generation of models and newly developed bespoke V8 powertrains.[15][16][17]

text: Current AMG models[edit]

text: All AMG engines - with the exception of the "43" M276 3.0 L V6 Bi-Turbo engine - are hand built using a "one man, one engine" philosophy at the current AMG plant in Affalterbach, Germany. To signify this, each AMG engine builder stamps the engines they produce with an engraved plaque depicting their signature. According to Mercedes-Benz, there are only about 50 AMG engine builders.[18]

text: As part of the official Mercedes product line, the AMG models are sold side-by-side with regular production models, unlike those offered by other Mercedes tuning firms such as Brabus.

text: "45" M133 2.0 L Inline-4 Turbo[edit]

text:
Mercedes-AMG A 45
Mercedes-AMG CLA 45
Mercedes-AMG GLA 45

text: The 2.0 L Turbo I4 was created for use in the smaller, 45 AMG models, such as the A-Class, CLA-Class, and GLA-Class, which all share the same platform. The M133 produces 360 PS (357 HP) and 332 lb-ft (450 Nm),[19] making it the most powerful turbo 4-cylinder in production, and with a 190.5-horsepower per liter, one of the most power dense engines in production.[20] Models with the M133 Turbo 4 are paired with a 7-speed AMG SPEEDSHIFT Dual-Clutch Transmission. The CLA45 AMG can accelerate from 0-60 in 4.2 seconds, according to Motor Trend's first test of the vehicle.[21]

text: "43" M276 3.0 L V6 Bi-Turbo[edit]

text:
Mercedes-AMG SLC 43
Mercedes-AMG C 43
Mercedes-AMG GLC 43
Mercedes-AMG E 43
Mercedes-AMG GLE 43

text: "63" M157 5.5 L V8 Bi-Turbo[edit]

text:
M157 L 5.5 V8 models (Twin-turbo)

Mercedes-AMG CLS 63 (W218 only)
Mercedes-AMG E 63 (W212 only)
Mercedes-AMG G 63 (W463 only)
Mercedes-AMG GLE 63
Mercedes-AMG GLS 63
Mercedes-AMG S 63 (pre-facelift only)
Mercedes-AMG SL 63

text: Rumoured in 2009 and confirmed in 2010, AMG developed the M157, a 5.5-litre V8 with direct fuel injection and twin turbochargers. Power is rated at up to 577 bhp (430 kW; 585 PS) at 5,250-5,750rpm with a peak torque of 664 lb⋅ft (900 N⋅m) made between 2,000rpm and 4,500rpm (the amount of power and torque depends on model, but these are the maximum ratings).[22][23] Both engines are mated to Mercedes-Benz's 7-speed MCT transmission.[24][25][26]

text: Unlike the M156 naturally aspirated 6.2 L V8, which was developed entirely within AMG, the M157 is based upon the M278 used in the regular Mercedes-Benz S-Class and CL-Class.[27] The M157 boasts 25% better fuel economy (10.5 litres per 100 kilometres versus 14.4 L/100 km in the European driving cycle) over the M156, meaning it avoids the US Gas Guzzler Tax for the first time ever, despite having up to 47 horsepower more. The M157's increased torque from both the regular version and performance package means the engine can be shifted into a taller gear sooner, keeping engine revs and fuel consumption to a minimum. The new M157 has an engine start/stop mode and is lightweight at 204 kg.[24][25][26] The M157 is said to be ideal for powering full-size sedans such as the S-Class, but the older M156 remains in production, as its more precise throttle response is still well suited to smaller sportier models (the C-Class), until the 2015 model arrives, which is powered by a 4.0 liter V8.[28]

text: 5.5 L V8 BiTurbo models carry the "63" model designation, shared with the 6.2L V8 models.[29] Visually, the 2011 S63 AMG is differentiated from the 2010 model (itself face-lifted over the 2009 S63) by the more angular design of the chromed dual exhaust tips, which also sport embossed AMG logos, as well as new forged wheels.[30] For the CL63 AMG, the new M157 engine coincides with the facelift of the CL-Class for the 2011 model year.

text: Despite common belief, 63 AMG models are typically faster than their 65 AMG counterparts. An S63 AMG accelerates faster and handles better than an S65 AMG (due to 4-wheel drive and decreased weight), and an SL63 AMG accelerates faster than an SL65 AMG due to decreased torque, lower weight, and better balance by use of the V8.[31][32]

text: Since 2013, AMG models with the S-Model package feature all-wheel drive, which allows for better handling and better acceleration. The Mercedes-Benz CLS63 AMG S has been tested to accelerate to 60 mph in just 3.2 seconds, with a quarter mile time of 11.6 seconds.[33] This made it the quickest production sedan at the time. MotorTrend tested the 2014 E63 AMG S with the M157 engine to produce an estimated 676 bhp (504 kW; 685 PS) and 631 lb⋅ft (856 N⋅m).[34]

text: "65" M275 6.0 L V12 Bi-Turbo[edit]

text: The models listed below are powered by a variant of the Mercedes-Benz M275 engine.

text:
AMG G 65
AMG S 65
AMG SL 65

text: The AMG power-plant has an all-new design of the bi-turbo system, which features larger turbochargers and a new, more powerful charge-air cooling system, and the increase in the engine displacement (to 5980 cc) as well as many other engine design measures.[35] This allows it to produce a claimed 621 horsepower and 738 lb-ft of torque.

text: "65" models used a 5-speed automatic transmission for a long time, as the newer 7G-Tronic wasn't able to handle the torque from the V12 engines. This was changed with the introduction of 2012 SL65 AMG, which uses the same AMG SpeedShift MCT transmission as the rest of the AMG line-up.[36]

text: Coinciding with the facelift of the CL-Class for the 2011 model year, the 2011 CL65 AMG had an enhanced engine. AMG redesigned the exhaust gas turbochargers and added new engine electronics. It produced 621 horsepower, pushing the car from 0–60 miles per hour (0–97 km/h) in 4.2 seconds (0.2 seconds faster than the 2011 CL63), with an electronically limited top speed of 186 miles per hour (299 km/h). The update also improved fuel economy and reduced carbon emissions by 3.5% over the outgoing model.[37][38]

text: M178 4.0 L V8 Bi-Turbo[edit]

text:
AMG C 63
AMG E 63
AMG GT
AMG S63
AMG GLC 63
AMG GLC 63 Coupe
AMG G63 (W464)

text: Launched to the UK market in April 2015,[39] the 4-liter M178 V8 uses an unusual configuration where the position of the intake and exhaust are reversed, to create a more compact engine and hence vehicle design. This "hot inside v" configuration, as AMG calls it, has the exhaust gasses exiting into the central v area of the engine block where the engine's twin turbochargers are also mounted.

text: Previous AMG models[edit]

text: In addition to the models listed below, there were also predecessors to the current AMG models.

text: "55" M152 5.5 L V8[edit]

text: AMG SLK 55

text: The M152 is a naturally aspirated, detuned version of the M157 Biturbo V8. This V8 will be used for the 2012 SLK55 AMG, and it produces 415 hp and 398 lb-ft. This engine was discontinued in 2016 with the introduction of the SLC43 AMG[40]

text: "63" M156 6.2 L V8[edit]

text:
M156 L 6.2 V8 models currently in production

2008 C63 AMG (Sedan and Wagon) (facelifted for the 2012 model year)
2010 SLS AMG (M159)

text: AMG developed its own V8 engine (dubbed M156 in development) for the DTM series. The M156 produces 451 horsepower and 443 ft-lbs of torque. The M156, in various states of tune, was used in models such as the SL63, E63, CLS63, and S63 until it was replaced by the M157 5.5 L Biturbo V8.

text: In 2009, AMG developed the M159 engine, which is based on the M156 engine, to use in SLS AMG. The M159 produces 583 horsepower and 489 lb-ft of torque in the Mercedes-Benz SLS AMG GT, and 622 horsepower and 468 lb-ft in the SLS AMG Black Series.[41][42] There are also other AMG nameplates no longer in production:

text:
1988–1993 190E AMG 3.2
1988–1993 300E AMG 3.4E, AMG 3.4CE, AMG 3.4TE
1992 "The Hammer" AMG Widebody Coupe
1993–1994 E60 AMG
1994–1995 E36 AMG
1995, 1997 S70 AMG
1995, 1998–2001 SL73 AMG
1996–1998 SL60 AMG
1995–1997 C36 AMG
1997–2000 C43 AMG
1996–1998 E36 AMG
1996–1997 E50 AMG
1999–2002 E55 AMG
1998–2002 CLK-GTR AMG
2001–2004 SLK32 AMG
2002-2004 C32 AMG
2005–2006 C55 AMG
2005–2006 CLK DTM AMG
2007 R63 AMG
2009 CLK63 AMG and CLK63 AMG Black Series

text: "30" 3.0 L I5 diesel[edit]

text:
OM612 3.0 L "30" I5 Diesel models

C30 CDI AMG (sedan, wagon, and Sportcoupé)

text: "32" 3.2 L V6 KOMPRESSOR[edit]

text: Powertrain consists of AMG Speedshift 5-speed automatic transmission mated to an AMG 3.2-litre V6 Kompressor engine with an output of 260 kW/349 hp and 332 lb⋅ft (450 N⋅m) @ 4,400 rpm. The engine is a special version of the 3.2 L (3199 cc) M112 E32, fitted with a helical twin-screw supercharger and water-to-air intercooler. The supercharger was developed in conjunction with IHI and features Teflon-coated rotors producing overall boost of 14.5 psi (1 bar). Compared to the standard M112 engine, the AMG version also has a new crankshaft, new connecting rods and pistons, an oil pump with a 70-percent increased capacity, lightweight camshafts, and harder valve springs for a redline of 6200 rpm, an increase of 200 rpm.[43]

text: While rival BMW M developed the SMG II semi-automatic for the BMW M3, the C32 and SLK32 have a 5-speed automatic transmission’s “Speedshift” system, which now has quicker response (up to 35 percent) to accelerator and shift selector movements.[44]

text: Interestingly, the C32 had a smaller engine than its predecessors, the C36 AMG with the M104 3.6L I6 engine, and the C43 AMG powered by the M113 4.3L V8 engine. The C32 AMG can do 0–60 mph in 5.2sec 0–100 in 12.6 with a 1/4 mile of 13.6@106 mph (C&D comparison test May 2003)[45][46]

text:
3.2 L Supercharged M112 V6 AMG

2002–2004 C32 AMG (sedan, wagon (S203), and Sportcoupé)
2001–2004 SLK32 AMG
2005–2006 Chrysler Crossfire SRT-6

text: "55" 5.4 L V8 KOMPRESSOR[edit]

text: This model was nicknamed the "Hammer" after the original 1986 AMG Hammer (a W124 E-Class sedan with an AMG-tuned 360 hp 5.6-litre V8). The 2003 E55 AMG could do 0–60 mph in 4.4 seconds.

text: The main engine is a 5.4 L V8 engine This engine comes in two configurations.

text:
The first configuration is a naturally aspirated V8 with 354.12 PS (260.45 kW; 349.28 hp) that is used in the C55 AMG, CLK55 AMG, SLK55 AMG, and ML55 AMG. The C43 AMG (model years 1998–2000) was powered by a naturally aspirated V8 engine from the M113 family, but at a reduced displacement of 4.3L, hence the '43' designation.
The other configuration is a similar unit but with a highly efficient Lysholm type twin screw supercharger. manufactured by Eaton, is in the rest of the AMG 55 models, which are typically midsized or larger vehicles. The published output according to Mercedes varies from 476 PS (350 kW; 469 hp) to 517 PS (380 kW; 510 hp) and 700 N⋅m (520 lb⋅ft) to 720 N⋅m (530 lb⋅ft), depending on various methods of power measurements and different ECU programming for national legislations. For instance, the E55 AMG's engine was at the low end, nonetheless it was still Mercedes-Benz's fastest sedan at the time,[47] while the SL55 AMG's engine had the top output.[48][49] Mercedes has claimed that a more restrictive exhaust system was responsible for cutting output on the E55 AMG, however some enthusiasts have managed to bump up horsepower to 505 on the E55 by incorporating some parts from the SL55.[50]

text: The supercharged 5.4 L 32 valve V8 engine was mated to the Speedshift 5-speed automatic transmission, which has a torque capacity of 796 lb⋅ft (1,079 N⋅m), as the newer 7G-Tronic introduced in 2003 is limited to 542 lb⋅ft (735 N⋅m), not enough to handle the torque from the supercharged V8.[36][51]

text: The V8 S55 AMG had comparable output to the V12-powered S600 throughout their production. The S55 AMG (2001–02) was outfitted with a 5.4 L 354 hp (264 kW) V8 motor while the later versions (2003–06) sported the same motor, but supercharged to a rated 493 hp (368 kW). The S600 (2001–02) was outfitted with a 5.8L 362 hp (270 kW) V12 engine while the later versions (2003–06) sported a twin-turbocharged (or Bi-Turbo) 493 hp (368 kW) 5.5L V12. The justification for having two models with the same power is that the S55 AMG is sportier and more responsive, while the costlier S600 is more luxurious with a smoother ride.

text: AMG phased out both the naturally aspirated and supercharged 5.4 L engines in favor of the new M156 V8 beginning in 2006, which was paired with 7G-Tronic. However, some enthusiasts were disappointed because the M156 produces less torque than the M113K (which is supercharged).

text: For the Model Year 2009:

text:
M113 5.4 L "55" V8 models (naturally aspirated)

SLK55 AMG

M113 5.4 L "55" V8 models (supercharged)

G55 AMG

text: Previous 55 AMG models[edit]

text:
1999–2002 E55 AMG
2003–2006 E55 AMG
2000–2003 ML55 AMG
2003–2005 C55 AMG
2001–2002 CLK55 AMG
2003–2006 CLK55 AMG
2004–2007 CLS55 AMG
2001–2008 SL55 AMG
2001–2006 S55 AMG
2001–2006 CL55 AMG
2005–2006 C55 AMG
2001–2009 G55 AMG

text: "63" M137 6.3 L V12[edit]

text: The "63" badging was used on the short-lived 2001 S63 AMG, 2001 CL63 AMG and 2002 G63 AMG. These were produced in limited quantities for one month and only offered through AMG to select customers in Europe and Asia, purportedly state leaders. The CL63 AMG was the rarest W215 CL of all, and just 26 examples were built in November 2001 (51 plate), with some UK being registered in March 2002. These had a base price of £110,000 (~US$200,000).[52][53][54] The G63 AMG was the rarest W463 of all with just 5 examples built in September 2002 and sold in Germany at over EURO 250,000 each.

text: These are powered by a naturally aspirated 6.3L V12 producing 444 PS (438 hp/327 kW). This engine is based on the M137 5.8L V12 used in the S600 and CL600, but the AMG variants have a larger displacement, a new management system, a new crank case and cooling system, weight-optimized pistons, and a new camshaft with greater valve lift and modified valves. 390 lb⋅ft (530 N⋅m) of torque are available between 2500–5800rpm with a peak of 457 at 4400 rpm while horsepower grows by almost 80 over the 5.8L V12. It is mated to a 5-speed automatic transmission. The 2001 S63 AMG V12 had 100 hp more than the 2001 S55 AMG, and was a few tenths faster.[52][53]

text: "60", "73", "70", "55"[edit]

text: The Mercedes-Benz SL-Class (R129) had several AMG variants during its production run from 1989 to 2001.

text: The SL 60 AMG was the most numerous of these rare cars. Sold from 1993 to 1998, it used a 6.0 litre V8 engine producing 381 PS (280 kW; 376 hp) at 5500 rpm.[55] AMG claimed a 0–62 mph (100 km/h) speed of 5.6 seconds. Its top speed was limited to 250 km/h (155 mph), but with the limiter removed, it was capable of approximately 185 mph (298 km/h). AMG later unofficially conceded that 0–60 mph was more like 5.0 seconds and the engine produced between 405–410 bhp.

text: Extremely rare was the SL 73 AMG, sold through Mercedes-AMG in 1995, and offering the most powerful V12 engine ever put into an SL up to that time. After a brief hiatus, the SL73 was offered again from 1998 to 2001. The same 7.3 L V12 was later used by Pagani in the Zonda.

text: Even rarer is the SL 70 AMG (7.0 L (7055 cc) V12 engine).

text: The SL 55 AMG was sold in the R129 bodystyle from 1998 to 2001 in limited numbers (5.4L V8, 354 PS (260 kW; 349 hp) at 5500 rpm). It was the predecessor of the production R230 SL55 AMG sold later, albeit was normally aspirated in the R129 and not supercharged as in its R230 successor.

text: "63" M156 6.2 L V8[edit]

text: The "63" M156 is currently in production in the C63 AMG, and tuned as the M159 in the SLS AMG, although there were many models that were previously in production.

text: This naturally aspirated V8 will also be used to replace most of the "55" models. The published output according to Mercedes varies from 457 PS (336 kW; 451 hp) on the C63 AMG, to 525 PS (386 kW; 518 hp) on the C/CLK/R/ML/GL/S/SL/CL/E 63 AMG.

text: The 2008 S63/CL63/SL63s that used the M156 engine at 518 horsepower edged out that of the S600/CL600/SL600, the latter powered by the 510 horsepower 5.5-liter twin-turbo V12, while also having a higher redline. However, the S600/CL600/SL600 are more expensive and have more torque at 612 pound-feet (830 N⋅m).[56] The S63/CL63/SL63 however do have quicker acceleration times than their S600/CL600/SL600 counterparts and are the fastest in the lineup in 2014, due to the added weight and torque of the 65s, thus decreasing the 0-60 times and the handling limits.

text: Compared to the "55" supercharged 5.4 L V8 engine—which was restricted to the Speedshift 5G-Tronic five-speed automatic transmission, as it had a torque capacity of 796 lb⋅ft (1,079 N⋅m)—the reduced torque of the "63" M156 6.2L V8 means it can be mated with the more efficient 7G-Tronic, which can withstand a limit of 542 lb⋅ft (735 N⋅m). Despite the reduction in torque, the increased horsepower and more efficient transmission enables the "63" models to match or surpass the acceleration of the "55" models.[36] Most of the M156-engined models used the 7G-Tronic automatic transmission, however the more recent 2009 SL63, 2010 E63, and 2012 C63 use the 7-speed MCT transmission.

text:
Previous M156 Models

2007-2010 S63 AMG
2007-2010 CL63 AMG
2007-2011 ML63 AMG
2007 R63 AMG
2007-2009 CLK63 AMG (introduced at the 2006 Geneva Motor Show) (used as Safety Car for the 2006 and 2007 F1 World Championship)
2007-2011 CLS63 AMG (introduced at the 2006 Geneva Motor Show)
2007-2009 E63 AMG (Sedan and Wagon)
2009-2012 SL63 AMG
2010-2012 E63 AMG (Sedan and Wagon)

text: Black Series[edit]

text:
SLK55 AMG Black Series
CLK63 AMG Black Series
SL65 AMG Black Series
C63 AMG Black Series
SLS AMG Black Series

text: The AMG Performance Studio in Affalterbach is responsible for the upgrades that make an AMG into an AMG Black Series model. The Black Series treatment is only available on 2 door vehicles, which includes weight reduction, bucket seats, exterior alterations, interior alterations, higher power, greater traction, handling, and significantly greater overall performance. Black Series models are known as street legal race cars.

text: The SLS AMG Black Series was tested by Motor Trend to have a 0-60 time of 3.2 seconds, and a quarter mile time of 11.1 seconds at 129.8 mph. The SLS AMG Black Series "demolished" the Motor Trend figure eight in just 23.1 seconds, beating the McLaren MP4-12C, Ferrari 458 Italia, Audi R8 V10 Plus, and the SRT Viper.[57] The SLS AMG Black Series is currently the 22nd fastest car to lap the Nürburgring.[58] The SLS AMG Black Series had the same 1:19 time as the Lamborghini Murciélago LP670-4 SuperVeloce, the Ferrari Enzo, and beat the Ferrari 458 Italia, Lamborghini Gallardo LP 560-4, Porsche 997 GT2, and Nissan GT-R around the Top Gear test track.[59]

text: Electric Drive[edit]

text: In 2013, Mercedes-AMG announced the SLS AMG Coupe Electric Drive, which was to be the first zero emissions vehicle from AMG. The vehicle used technology derived from Formula 1, and was the fastest electric car.[18] The SLS AMG Electric Drive has 740 horsepower and 738 lb-ft of torque, and Mercedes-AMG claims a 0-60 time of 3.9 seconds.[41]


document_title: List of Bollywood films of 2018

question_text: which movie is release on 23 march 2018

question_tokens: which movie is release on 23 march 2018

root

text: List of Bollywood films of 2018

text: Box office collection[edit]

text: The highest-grossing Bollywood films released in 2018, by worldwide box office gross revenue, are as follows.

tag: p

text:
*
Denotes films still running in cinemas worldwide

tag: table

text:
Highest worldwide gross of 2018

Rank
Title
Production Company
Distributor
Worldwide gross
Ref.

1
Padmaavat
Viacom 18 Motion Pictures
Viacom 18 Motion Pictures
₹585 crore (US$90 million)
[a]

2
Baaghi 2
Nadiadwala Grandson Entertainment
Fox Star Studios
₹253.18 crore (US$39 million)
[3]

3
Raazi *
Dharma Productions
AA Films
₹163.95 crore (US$25 million)
[4]

4
Sonu Ke Titu Ki Sweety
T-Series Films
AA Films
₹148.51 crore (US$23 million)
[5]

5
Raid
T-Series Films
Panorama Studios
₹142.81 crore (US$22 million)
[6]

6
Pad Man
KriArj Entertainment
Sony Pictures Releasing
₹120.56 crore (US$18 million)
[7]

7
Hichki
Yash Raj Films
Yash Raj Films
₹76.54 crore (US$12 million)
[8]

8
102 Not Out *
SPE Films India
Sony Pictures
₹75.73 crore (US$12 million)
[9]

9
October

Rising Sun Films
Kino Works

NH Studioz
₹54.74 crore (US$8.4 million)
[10]

10
Pari
Clean Slate Films
Pooja Entertainment
₹40.31 crore (US$6.2 million)
[11]

text: Padmaavat has grossed over ₹585 crore (US$90 million) worldwide, and is the 9th highest-grossing Indian film of all time.

text: January–March 2018[edit]

text:
Opening
Title
Director
Cast
Genre
Production House
Ref.

J
A
N
12
1921
Vikram Bhatt

Zareen Khan
Karan Kundra
Tobby Hinston
Sonia Armstrong

Horror
ASA Productions and Enterprises
[12][13]

Kaalakaandi
Akshat Verma

Himanshu Pradhan
Isha Talwar
Shenaz Treasury
Akshay Oberoi
Vijay Raaz
Deepak Dobriyal
Sobhita Dhulipala
Kunaal Roy Kapur
Nary Singh

Dark comedy
Cinestan Film Company
[14][15]

Mukkabaaz
Anurag Kashyap

Vineet Kumar Singh
Zoya Hussain
Ravi Kishan
Jimmy Sheirgill

Drama
Eros International, Colour Yellow Productions
[16][17]

19
My Birthday Song
Samir Soni

Sanjay Suri
Nora Fatehi
Pitobash

Psychological Thriller
Kahwa entertainment
[18][19]

Vodka Diaries
Kushal Srivastava

Kay Kay Menon
Mandira Bedi
Raima Sen
Sharib Hashmi

Suspense Thriller
K'Scope Entertainment Pvt Ltd & Vishalraj Films & Production Pvt Ltd
[20]

Medal
Ganesh Mehta

Muzahid Khan
Indrisha Basu

Drama
G.K Entertainment
[21][22]

Nirdosh
Pradeep Rangwani

Arbaaz Khan
Manjari Fadnis
Ashmit Patel
Mukul Dev
Mahek Chahal

Thriller
UV Films
[23][24]

Union Leader
Sanjay Patel

Rahul Bhat
Tillotama Shome

Drama
Dim Light Pictures
[25][26]

25
Padmaavat
Sanjay Leela Bhansali

Deepika Padukone
Ranveer Singh
Shahid Kapoor
Aditi Rao Hydari

Period drama
Viacom 18 Motion Pictures, Bhansali Productions
[27][28]

F
E
B
2
Wo India Ka Shakespeare
Suresh Mandal

Raza Murad
Raj Aryan
Yogita Rajput

Romantic suspense
Jharkhandi Films Production & Impress Media Infotainment
[29]

The Window
V. K. Choudhary

Amit Kumar Vashishth
Priti Sharma
Teena Singh

Thriller, Mystery
Adamant Pictures, Milestone creations, Era Films, Nirvana Motion Pictures, Dhanraj Productions Pvt. ltd
[30]

9
Pad Man
R. Balki

Akshay Kumar
Sonam Kapoor
Radhika Apte

Comedy Drama
Columbia Pictures KriArj Entertainment, Hope Productions, Cape Of Good Films, Mrs Funnybones Movies, SPE Films India
[31][32]

Downup The Exit 796

Jaimin Bal

Yatin Karyekar
Vinayak Mishra
Kirti Swaly

Thriller
Jaimin Bal Entertainment
[33][34]

14
Love Per Square Foot
Anand Tiwari

Vicky Kaushal
Angira Dhar
Alankrita Sahai
Raghubir Yadav

Romantic Comedy
RSVP Films, Netflix
[35][36]

16
Aiyaary
Neeraj Pandey

Siddharth Malhotra
Manoj Bajpayee
Rakul Preet Singh
Pooja Chopra
Anupam Kher
Naseeruddin Shah

Drama
Reliance Entertainment
[37][38]

Kuchh Bheege Alfaaz
Onir

Zain Khan Durrani
Geetanjali Thapa

Romance
Yoodlee Films
[39][40]

Jaane Kyun De Yaaron
Akshay Anand

Raghu Raja
Abhishek Sharma
Kabir Bedi
Chetna Pande
Heena Panchal
Viju Khote

Drama
NeelRishiFilms,Theatre King

[41]

23
Sonu Ke Titu Ki Sweety
Luv Ranjan

Kartik Aaryan
Nushrat Bharucha
Sunny Nijar

Drama
T-Series, Luv Films
[42][43]

Welcome To New York
Chakri Toleti

Karan Johar
Diljit Dosanjh
Lara Dutta
Sonakshi Sinha
Riteish Deshmukh
Boman Irani

Comedy
Wiz Films
[44][45]

M
A
R
2
Pari
Prosit Roy

Anushka Sharma
Parambrata Chatterjee
Rajat Kapoor
Ritabhari Chakraborty
Mansi Multani

Thriller
Clean Slate Films, KriArj Entertainment
[46][47]

Veerey Ki Wedding
Ashu Trikha

Pulkit Samrat
Jimmy Sheirgill
Kriti Kharbanda
Satish Kaushik
Yuvika Chaudhary
Supriya Karnik
Sapna Chaudhary

Drama
Panorama Studios
[48][49]

Billu Ustaad
Suvhhdan Angre

Akhilendra Mishra
Deepraj Rana
Mithila Naik
KK Goswami
Priyanshu Chaterjee

Drama
Narayan Films
[50]

9
Hate Story 4
Vishal Pandya

Urvashi Rautela
Vivan Bhatena
Karan Wahi
Ihana Dhillon
Gulshan Grover

Erotic thriller
T-Series
[51][52]

Dil Juunglee
Aleya Sen

Saqib Saleem
Tapsee Pannu
Abhilash Thapleyal
Nidhi Singh
Srishti Srivastava
Ayesha Khaduskar

Romantic/ Comedy
Pooja Entertainment
[53][54]

3 Storeys
Arjun Mukherjee

Richa Chaddha
Pulkit Samrat
Sharman Joshi
Renuka Shahane
Masumeh Makhija
Laksh Singh
Aisha Ahmed
Ankit Rathi

Thriller
Excel Entertainment
[55][56]

Note Pe Chot at 8/11
Imran Ahmed Khan

Ajay Kuundal
Ranbir Kallsi
Pihu
Disha Sachdeva
Manoj Bakshi
Inderpal Singh

Satire/ Comedy
Kreative Krishna Entertainment, Umra Ji Entertainment
[57]

16
Raid
Raj Kumar Gupta

Ajay Devgn
Ileana D'Cruz
Saurabh Shukla

Action, thriller
T-Series, Panorama Studios
[58]

Raja Abroadiya
Lakhwinder Shabla

Robin Sohi
Vaishnavi Patwardhan

Comedy
Shabla Films
[59][60]

23
Hichki
Siddharth P Malhotra
Rani Mukerji
Drama
Yash Raj Films
[61][62]

Pareshaan Parinda
Devesh Pratap Singh

Meeraj Shah
Sakshi Singh

Thriller
Dreamz Productions
[63][64]

Baa Baaa Black Sheep
Vishwas Paandya

Anupam Kher
Kay Kay Menon
Maniesh Paul
Annu Kapoor

Comedy
Soham Rockstar Entertainment
[65][66]

Shaadi Teri Bajayenge Hum Band
Gurpreet Sondh

Rajpal Yadav
Mushtaq Khan
Rahul Bagga
Rohit Kumar
Dilbagh Singh
Naresh Gosain
Shrashti Maheshwari
Afreen Alvi
Radha Bhatt

Comedy
Rangrezaa Films
[67][68]

30
Baaghi 2
Ahmed Khan

Tiger Shroff
Disha Patani
Manoj Bajpayee
Randeep Hooda
Jacqueline Fernandez

Action/Romance
Nadiadwala Grandson Entertainment, Fox Star Studios
[69][70]

text: April–June 2018[edit]

text:
Opening
Title
Director
Cast
Genre
Production House
Ref.

A
P
R
6
Blackmail
Abhinay Deo

Irrfan Khan
Kirti Kulhari
Arunoday Singh
Divya Dutta
Omi Vaidya

Comedy
T-Series, RDP Motion Pictures

Missing
Mukul Abhyankar

Tabu
Manoj Bajpayee
Annu Kapoor

Psychological Thriller
Friday Filmwork, Abundantia Entertainment

13
October
Shoojit Sircar

Varun Dhawan
Banita Sandhu
Gitanjali Rao

Slice of life
Romantic drama

Rising Sun Films
Kino Works

Mercury
Karthik Subbaraj

Prabhu Deva
Sananth Reddy
Remya Nambeesan

Thriller
Pen India Limited

20
Beyond the Clouds
Majid Majidi

Ishaan Khatter
Malavika Mohanan

Drama
Zee Studios

Nanu Ki Jaanu
Faraz Haider

Patralekhaa
Abhay Deol
Sapna Chaudhary

Comedy
Inbox Pictures

27
Daas Dev
Sudhir Mishra

Richa Chaddha
Aditi Rao Hydari
Rahul Bhat
Saurabh Shukla
Vipin Sharma
Vineet Kumar Singh
Dalip Tahil
Anurag Kashyap

Romantic thriller
Saptrishi Cinevision, Storm Motion Pictures

Ishq Tera
Jojo D'Souza

Hrishitaa Bhatt
Mohit Madaan
Mozhgan Taraneh (Irani Star)
Shahbaz Khan
Aman Verma
Ganesh Yadav
Manoj Pawha
Salil Naik
Manju Sharma
Pyumori Mehta Ghosh

Thriller
Big Banner Entertainment

Our Heroes
Manish Parihar

Devraj Singh sarangdevot
Shankar Lal Dangi
Mahesh Gurjar
Gourav Gurjar

Action
Jassi Production House Ltd.
[citation needed]

M
A
Y
4
102 Not Out
Umesh Shukla

Amitabh Bachchan
Rishi Kapoor

Comedy
Sony Pictures
[citation needed]

Omerta
Hansal Mehta
Rajkumar Rao
Crime Drama
Swiss Entertainment
[citation needed]

11
Raazi
Meghna Gulzar

Vicky Kaushal
Alia Bhatt

Period Thriller
Junglee Pictures, Dharma Productions
[citation needed]

The Past
Gagan Puri

Vedita Pratap Singh
Yuvraaj Parashar

Horror Thriller
Peacock Motion Filmz
[citation needed]

Hope Aur Hum
Sudip Bandyopadhyay

Naseeruddin Shah
Sonali Kulkarni
Aamir Bashir

Drama
PVR Pictures
[71]

Falooda
Dhiraj Singh

Aarav Negi
Goonj Chand
Azhar
Pihu Sharma
Dhiraj Singh

Comedy
Vaibav laxmi Films, Shree S.J Entertainment, Dev Gayatri Entertainment
[72]

18
High Jack
Akash Khurana

Sumeet Vyas
Sonnalli Seygall
Mantra
Taaruk Raina
Priyanshu Painyuli
Kumud Mishra
Natasha Rastogi

Comedy
Phantom Films
[73]

Khajoor Pe Atke
Harsh Chhaya

Vinay Pathak
Manoj Pahwa
Seema Pahwa
Dolly Ahluwalia
Sabah Kapoor

Comedy
Welcome Friends Production
[citation needed]

25
Parmanu: The Story Of Pokhran
Abhishek Sharma

John Abraham
Diana Penty
Boman Irani

Action/drama
KAYTA Production, JA Entertainment
[citation needed]

One Night Out
Ravinddra Khare

Gulashan pandey
Kabina maharjan
Neha joshi

Suspense thriller
Music One Films Production & studio ,
[citation needed]

Bioscopewala
Deb Medhekar

Danny Denzongpa
Geetanjali Thapa
Tisca Chopra
Adil Hussain

Drama
Fox Star Studios, Star India
[citation needed]

J
U
N
1
Veere Di Wedding
Shashanka Ghosh

Kareena Kapoor
Sonam Kapoor
Swara Bhaskar
Shikha Talsania

Romantic comedy
Balaji Motion Pictures
[citation needed]

Bhavesh Joshi
Vikramaditya Motwane

Harshvardhan Kapoor
Priyanshu Painyuli
Nishikant Kamat

Action
Phantom Films, Eros International
[citation needed]

Phamous
Karan Lalit Butani

Jackie Shroff
Jimmy Sheirgill
Kay Kay Menon
Shriya Saran
Mahie Gill
Pankaj Tripathi

Drama/Action
Vidisha Productions Pvt. Ltd.

3 Dev
Ankoosh Bhatt

Kay Kay Menon
Karan Singh Grover
Ravi Dubey
Kunaal Roy Kapur
Tisca Chopra
Raima Sen
Priya Banerjee
Poonam Kaur
Prosenjit

Comedy
Sky Entertainment
[citation needed]

7
Kaala
Pa. Ranjith

Rajnikanth
Huma Qureshi
Nana Patekar

Action
Wunderbar Films, Lyca Productions

15
Race 3
Remo D'Souza

Salman Khan
Anil Kapoor
Bobby Deol
Jacqueline Fernandez
Saqib Saleem
Daisy Shah
Freddy Daruwala

Thriller
Tips Films, Salman Khan Films
[citation needed]

29
Sanju
Rajkumar Hirani

Ranbir Kapoor
Sonam Kapoor
Dia Mirza
Paresh Rawal
Manisha Koirala
Anushka Sharma

Biopic
Rajkumar Hirani Films, Vinod Chopra Films
[citation needed]

text: July–September 2018[edit]

text:
Opening
Title
Director
Cast
Genre
Production House
Ref.

J
U
L
6
Firrkie
Ankush Bhatt

Karan Singh Grover
Karishma Kotak
Neil Nitin Mukesh
Sandeepa Dhar
Shibani Dandekar
Kay Kay Menon
Jackie Shroff

Drama/Thriller
Snow Velvet Media Works Pvt Ltd & Shree Ram Productions
[citation needed]

FryDay
Abhishek Dogra

Govinda
Varun Sharma

Comedy
Inbox Pictures
[citation needed]

13
Fanne Khan
Atul Manjrekar

Anil Kapoor
Aishwarya Rai Bachchan
Rajkummar Rao
Karan Singh Chhabra
Divya Dutta

Musical comedy
T-Series, ROMP, AA Films
[74]

Soorma
Shaad Ali

Diljit Dosanjh
Taapsee Pannu
Angad Bedi

Biopic
Sony Pictures
[citation needed]

20
Dhadak
Shashank Khaitan

Ishaan Khatter
Jhanvi Kapoor

Drama
Dharma Productions
[75]

When Obama Loved Osama
Sudhish Kumar Sharma

Mousam Sharma
Swati Bakshi
Rahul Avana
Mohit Baghel
Heena Panchal
Hemant Pandey
Vikas Giri

Comedy
Shape Entertainment
[76]

27
Saheb, Biwi Aur Gangster 3
Tigmanshu Dhulia

Sanjay Dutt
Jimmy Sheirgill
Mahi Gill
Chitrangada Singh

Drama
Wave Cinemas
[77]

Mulq
Anubhav Sinha

Rishi Kapoor
Prateik Babbar
Rajat Kapoor
Taapsee Pannu
Ashutosh Rana
Manoj Pahwa
Neena Gupta

Drama
Soham Rockstar Entertainment
[78]

A
U
G
3
Sandeep Aur Pinky Faraar
Dibakar Banerjee

Arjun Kapoor
Parineeti Chopra

Comedy
Yash Raj Films
[citation needed]

Pihu
Vinod Kapri

Myra Vishwakarma
Prerna Sharma

Social thriller
RSVP, Roy Kapur Films
[79]

10
Karwan
Akshay Khurrana

Irrfan Khan
Dulquer Salman
Mithila Palkar
Kriti Kharbanda

Comedy
RSVP Films Story Sanjay Pandey
[citation needed]

15
Gold
Reema Kagti

Akshay Kumar
Kunal Kapoor
Mouni Roy
Amit Sadh

Sports/Drama
Excel Entertainment
[80][81]

2.0
S.Shankar

Rajnikanth
Akshay Kumar

science-fiction
Lyca Productions
[82]

Satyamev Jayate
Milap Zaveri

John Abraham
Manoj Bajpayee
Aisha Sharma

Action/Thriller
T Series, Emmay Entertainment
[83]

24
Happy Phirr Bhag Jayegi
Mudassar Aziz

Sonakshi Sinha
Diana Penty
Ali Fazal
Jimmy Shergill
Jassi Gill

Comedy
Eros International, Colour Yellow Productions
[84]

Genius
Anil Sharma

Utkarsh Sharma
Ishita Chauhan
Nawazuddin Siddiqui
Ayesha Jhulka

Soham Rockstar Entertainment
[85]

5 Weddings
Namrata Singh Gujral

Rajkummar Rao
Nargis Fakhri
Bo Derek
Candy Clark
Anneliese van der Pol
Suvinder Vicky

Comedy, Romance, Drama
Uniglobe Entertainment
[citation needed]

31
Mangal Ho
Pritish Chakraborty

Pritish Chakraborty
Aanushka Ramesh
Sanjay Mishra
Annu Kapoor
Vrajesh Hirjee
Swati Kumar
Sunit Razdan

Sci-fi/comedy
Ascent Films
[citation needed]

Batti Gul Meter Chalu
Shree Narayan Singh

Shahid Kapoor
Shraddha Kapoor
Yami Gautam

Comedy
T-Series
[86]

S
E
P
7
Drive
Tarun Mansukhani

Sushant Singh Rajput
Jacqueline Fernandez
Vikramjeet Virk
Sapna Pabbi

Action/Drama/Comedy
Dharma Productions
[87]

Paltan
J. P. Dutta

Jackie Shroff
Suniel Shetty
Arjun Rampal
Sonu Sood
Gurmeet Choudhary
Siddhanth Kapoor
Harshvardhan Rane
Luv Sinha
Rohit Roy
Esha Gupta
Monica Gill
Sonal Chauhan
Dipika Kakar

Action/War
Zee Studios, J P Films

[88]

Manmarziyaan
Anurag Kashyap

Abhishek Bachchan
Vicky Kaushal
Taapsee Pannu

Romantic/ Drama
Eros International, Colour Yellow Productions,Phantom Films
[89]

13
Arjun Patiala
Rohit Jugraj

Diljit Dosanjh
Kriti Sanon
Varun Sharma

Comedy
T-Series, Maddock Films
[90]

14
Bhaiyyaji Superhitt
Neerraj Pathak

Sunny Deol
Preity Zinta
Ameesha Patel
Arshad Warsi
Shreyas Talpade
Evelyn Sharma

Action/Comedy
Metro Movies
[91]

Eela
Pradeep Sarkar

Kajol
Riddhi Sen
Neha Dhupia
Tota Roy Choudhury

Drama
Pen India Limited, Ajay Devgn FFilms
[92]

28
Sui Dhaaga
Sharat Katariya

Varun Dhawan
Anushka Sharma

Romance
Yash Raj Films
[93]

text: October–December 2018[edit]

text:
Opening
Title
Director
Cast
Genre
Production House
Ref.

O
C
T
5
Untitled Vishal Bhardwaj's Film
Vishal Bhardwaj

Deepika Padukone
Irrfan Khan

Thriller
T-Series, KriArj Entertainment
[94]

Pal Pal Dil Ke Paas
Sunny Deol

Karan Deol
Saher Bamba

Romantic
Vijayta Films
[citation needed]

Loveratri
Abhiraj Minawala

Aayush Sharma
Warina Hussain

Romantic
Salman Khan Films

[95][96][97]

12
Ek Ladki Ko Dekha Toh Aisa Laga
Shelly Chopra Dhar

Anil Kapoor
Sonam Kapoor
Rajkumar Rao
Juhi Chawla

Comedy
Fox Star Studios
[98]

19
Untitled Ajay Devgn film
Akiv Ali

Ajay Devgn
Tabu
Rakul Preet Singh

Romantic comedy
T-Series, Luv Films
[99]

Junglee
Chuck Russell

Vidyut Jammwal
Akshay Oberoi

Action
Junglee Pictures
[100][101]

Namastey England
Vipul Shah

Arjun Kapoor
Parineeti Chopra

Pen India Limited, Reliance Entertainment
[102][103]

26
Nastik
Shailesh Varma

Arjun Rampal
Harshaali Malhotra
Tinu Anand
Meera Chopra
Ravi Kishan
Divya Dutta

Drama
Paras Software and Entertainment
[citation needed]

N
O
V
7
Thugs of Hindostan
Vijay Krishna Acharya

Amitabh Bachchan
Aamir Khan
Katrina Kaif
Fatima Sana Shaikh

Period action/adventure
Yash Raj Films
[104]

Haathi Mere Saathi
Prabhu Solomon
Rana Daggubati

Eros International
[105]

23
Student of the Year 2
Punit Malhotra

Tiger Shroff
Tara Sutaria
Ananya Panday

Romance, Drama
Dharma Productions, Fox Star Studios
[106][107]

30
Kedarnath
Abhishek Kapoor

Sushant Singh Rajput
Sara Ali Khan

RSVP Movies, Guy in the Sky Pictures
[108][109]

D
E
C
7
Total Dhamaal
Indra Kumar

Madhuri Dixit
Ajay Devgn
Anil Kapoor
Riteish Deshmukh
Arshad Warsi
Jaaved Jaaferi
Aashish Chaudhary
Niharica Raizada

Comedy
Fox Star Studios
[110][111]

21
Zero
Anand L Rai

Shah Rukh Khan
Katrina Kaif
Anushka Sharma
Tigmanshu Dhulia

Comedy/drama
Red Chillies Entertainment, Colour Yellow Productions
[112][113]

The Accidental Prime Minister
Vijay Ratnakar Gutte

Anupam Kher
Akshaye Khanna

Biopic
Bohra Bos International
[114][115]

28
Simmba
Rohit Shetty

Ranveer Singh
Sara Ali Khan
Sonu Sood

Action Comedy
Dharma Productions, Reliance Entertainment
[116][117]

text: Notes[edit]

text:
Jump up ^ Padmaavat worldwide gross: ₹585.87 crore (US$90 million)

India: ₹387.31 crore (US$59 million)[1][2]
Overseas: ₹198.56 crore (US$30 million)[1]

tag: ol


document_title: List of best-selling books

question_text: top five best selling books of all time

question_tokens: top five best selling books of all time

text: List of best-selling books

text: List of best-selling individual books[edit]

text: More than 100 million copies[edit]

text:
Book
Author
Original language
First published
Approximate sales
Genre

The Lord of the Rings
J. R. R. Tolkien
English
1954–1955
150 million[15][16]
fiction: fantasy (novel)

Le Petit Prince (The Little Prince)
Antoine de Saint-Exupéry
French[Note 1]
1943
140 million[17][18]
fiction (novel)

Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone
J. K. Rowling
English
1997
120 million[9]
fiction: fantasy (novel)

The Hobbit
J. R. R. Tolkien
English
1937
100 million[19]
fiction: fantasy (novel)

And Then There Were None
Agatha Christie
English
1939
100 million[citation needed]
fiction: mystery (novel)

紅樓夢/红楼梦 (Dream of the Red Chamber)
Cao Xueqin
Chinese
1754[20]–1791
100 million[21][better source needed]
fiction: family saga (novel)

Alice's Adventures in Wonderland
Lewis Carroll
English
1865
100 million[citation needed]
fiction: fantasy (novel)

text: Between 50 million and 100 million copies[edit]

text:
Book
Author(s)
Original language
First published
Approximate sales
Genre

The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe
C. S. Lewis
English
1950
85 million[22]
fiction: fantasy (novel)

She: A History of Adventure
H. Rider Haggard
English
1887
83 million[23]
fiction: fantasy, adventure, romance and Gothic (novel)

Le avventure di Pinocchio. Storia di un burattino (The Adventures of Pinocchio)
Carlo Collodi
Italian
1881
>80 million[24][25]
fiction (novel)

Vardi Wala Gunda
Ved Prakash Sharma
Hindi
1992
>80 million[26]
detective (novel)

The Da Vinci Code
Dan Brown
English
2003
80 million[27]
fiction: mystery, thriller (novel)

Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets
J. K. Rowling
English
1998
77 million[28]
fiction: fantasy (novel)

Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban
J. K. Rowling
English
1999
65 million[29]
fiction: fantasy (novel)

Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire
J. K. Rowling
English
2000
65 million[29]
fiction: fantasy (novel)

Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix
J. K. Rowling
English
2003
65 million[29]
fiction: fantasy (novel)

Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince
J. K. Rowling
English
2005
65 million[29]
fiction: fantasy (novel)

Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows
J. K. Rowling
English
2007
65 million[29]
fiction: fantasy (novel)

The Alchemist
Paulo Coelho
Portuguese
1988
65 million[30]
fiction: fantasy (novel)

The Catcher in the Rye
J. D. Salinger
English
1951
65 million[31]
fiction: realistic fiction, coming-of-age fiction

Think and Grow Rich
Napoleon Hill
English
1937
60 million[32]
non-fiction (novel)

The Bridges of Madison County
Robert James Waller
English
1992
60 million[33]

The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes
Arthur Conan Doyle
English
1887
60 million
fiction: detective fiction, short stories (novel)

20,000 Leagues under the Sea
Jules Verne
French
1870
60 million
fiction: adventures (novel)

You Can Heal Your Life

Louise Hay

English

1984

50 million[34]

Self-help, spirituality

Cien años de soledad (One Hundred Years of Solitude)
Gabriel García Márquez
Spanish
1967
50 million[35][36][37]
fiction: magic realism (novel)

Lolita
Vladimir Nabokov
English
1955
50 million[38]
fiction: general fiction (novel)

Heidis Lehr- und Wanderjahre (Heidi's Years of Learning and Travel)
Johanna Spyri
German
1880
50 million[39]
fiction: children's fiction (novel)

The Common Sense Book of Baby and Child Care
Dr. Benjamin Spock
English
1946
50 million[40]
non-fiction (novel)

Anne of Green Gables
Lucy Maud Montgomery
English
1908
50 million[41]
fiction: general fiction (novel)

Black Beauty
Anna Sewell
English
1877
50 million[42]
fiction: children's literature (novel)

Il Nome della Rosa (The Name of the Rose)
Umberto Eco
Italian
1980
50 million[43]
historical novel, mystery

The Eagle Has Landed
Jack Higgins
English
1975
50 million[44]
fiction: war, thriller (novel)

Watership Down
Richard Adams
English
1972
50 million[45]
fiction: fantasy (novel)

The Hite Report
Shere Hite
English
1976
50 million[46]

Charlotte's Web
E.B. White; illustrated by Garth Williams
English
1952
50 million[47]
fiction: children's fiction (novel)

The Ginger Man
J. P. Donleavy
English
1955
50 million[48]

Ben-Hur: A Tale of the Christ
Lew Wallace
English
1880
50 million[citation needed]
historical fiction (novel)

The Curse of Capistrano (also known as The Mark of Zorro)
Johnston McCulley
English
1919
50 million[citation needed]
californio (novel)

text: Between 30 million and 50 million copies[edit]

text:
Book
Author(s)
Original language
First published
Approximate sales

The Tale of Peter Rabbit
Beatrix Potter
English
1902
45 million[49]

The Odyssey
Homer
Ancient Greek
8th Century BC
45 million

Jonathan Livingston Seagull
Richard Bach
English
1970
44 million[50]

The Very Hungry Caterpillar
Eric Carle
English
1969
43 million [51]

A Message to Garcia
Elbert Hubbard
English
1899
40 million[40]

Sofies verden (Sophie's World)
Jostein Gaarder
Norwegian
1991
40 million[52]

Flowers in the Attic
V. C. Andrews
English
1979
40 million[53]

To Kill a Mockingbird
Harper Lee
English
1960
40 million[54]

Angels & Demons
Dan Brown
English
2000
39 million[55]

Kane and Abel
Jeffrey Archer
English
1979
37 million[56]

Как закалялась сталь (Kak zakalyalas' stal'; How the Steel Was Tempered)
Nikolai Ostrovsky
Russian
1932
36.4 million copies in USSR[57]

Война и мир (Voyna i mir; War and Peace)
Leo Tolstoy
Russian
1869
36.0 million copies in USSR[57]

Het Achterhuis (The Diary of a Young Girl, The Diary of Anne Frank)
Anne Frank
Dutch
1947
35 million[58]

Your Erroneous Zones
Wayne Dyer
English
1976
35 million[59][60]

The Thorn Birds
Colleen McCullough
English
1977
33 million[61]

The Kite Runner
Khaled Hosseini
English
2003
31.5 million[62]

Valley of the Dolls
Jacqueline Susann
English
1966
31 million[63]

The Lost Symbol
Dan Brown
English
2009
30 million[64]

Gone with the Wind
Margaret Mitchell
English
1936
30 million[65]

Nineteen Eighty-Four
George Orwell
English
1949
30 million[66]

The Revolt of Mamie Stover
William Bradford Huie
English
1951
30 million[67]

Män som hatar kvinnor (The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo)
Stieg Larsson
Swedish
2005
30 million[68]

text: Between 20 million and 30 million copies[edit]

text:
Book
Author(s)
Original language
First published
Approximate sales

Молодая гвардия (Molodaya Gvardiya; The Young Guard)
Alexander Alexandrovich Fadeyev
Russian
1945
26 million copies in USSR[57]

Who Moved My Cheese?
Spencer Johnson
English
1998
26 million[69]

The Great Gatsby
F. Scott Fitzgerald
English
1925
25 million[70]

The Wind in the Willows
Kenneth Grahame
English
1908
25 million[71]

The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People
Stephen R. Covey
English
1989
25 million[72]

Поднятая целина (Podnyataya Tselina; Virgin Soil Upturned)
Mikhail Sholokhov
Russian
1935
24 million copies in USSR[57]

The Celestine Prophecy
James Redfield
English
1993
23 million[73]

The Hunger Games
Suzanne Collins
English
2008
23 million[74]

The Fault in Our Stars
John Green
English
2012
23 million[75]

The Shack
William P. Young
English
2007
22 million[76]

Дядя Степа (Dyadya Styopa; Uncle Styopa)
Sergey Mikhalkov
Russian
1936
21 million copies in USSR[57]

The Godfather
Mario Puzo
English
1969
21 million[77]

Love Story

Erich Segal

English

1970

21 million[78]

Gone Girl

Gillian Flynn

English

2012

20 million[79]

The Girl on the Train

Paula Hawkins

English

2015

20 million[80]

All Quiet on the Western Front

Erich Maria Remarque

German

1929

20 million[81]

The Bermuda Triangle
Charles Berlitz
English
1974
20 million[82]

Things Fall Apart
Chinua Achebe
English
1958
20 million[83]

Animal Farm
George Orwell
English
1945
20 million[84]

狼图腾 (Wolf Totem)
Jiang Rong
Chinese
2004
20 million[85]

The Happy Hooker: My Own Story
Xaviera Hollander
English
1971
20 million[86]

Jaws
Peter Benchley
English
1974
20 million[87]

Love You Forever
Robert Munsch
English
1986
20 million[88]

The Women's Room
Marilyn French
English
1977
20 million[89]

What to Expect When You're Expecting
Arlene Eisenberg and Heidi Murkoff
English
1984
20 million[90]

The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn
Mark Twain
English
1885
20 million[91]

The Secret Diary of Adrian Mole, Aged 13¾
Sue Townsend
English
1982
20 million[92]

Pride and Prejudice
Jane Austen
English
1813
20 million[citation needed]

Kon-Tiki: Across the Pacific in a Raft
Thor Heyerdahl
Norwegian
1950
20 million[93]

Osudy dobrého vojáka Švejka za světové války (The Good Soldier Švejk)
Jaroslav Hašek
Czech
1923
20 million[94]

Where the Wild Things Are
Maurice Sendak
English
1963
20 million[95]

The Power of Positive Thinking
Norman Vincent Peale
English
1952
20 million[96]

The Secret
Rhonda Byrne
English
2006
20 million[97]

Fear of Flying
Erica Jong
English
1973
20 million[98]

Dune
Frank Herbert
English
1965
20 million[99]

Charlie and the Chocolate Factory

Roald Dahl

English

1964

20 million[100]

The Naked Ape

Desmond Morris

English

1968

20 million[101]

text: Between 10 million and 20 million copies[edit]

text:
Book
Author(s)
Original language
First published
Approximate sales

窓ぎわのトットちゃん (Totto-chan, the Little Girl at the Window)
Tetsuko Kuroyanagi
Japanese
1981
18 million (in Japan and China)[102]

The Horse Whisperer
Nicholas Evans
English
1995
16 million[103]

Goodnight Moon
Margaret Wise Brown
English
1947
16 million[104]

Die unendliche Geschichte (The Neverending Story)
Michael Ende
German
1979
16 million[105]

The Outsiders

S. E. Hinton

English

1967

15 million[106]

Guess How Much I Love You
Sam McBratney
English
1994
15 million[107]

Shōgun
James Clavell
English
1975
15 million[108]

The Poky Little Puppy
Janette Sebring Lowrey
English
1942
15 million[109]

The Pillars of the Earth
Ken Follett
English
1989
15 million[110]

How to Win Friends and Influence People
Dale Carnegie
English
1936
15 million[111]

Das Parfum (Perfume)
Patrick Süskind
German
1985
15 million[112]

The Grapes of Wrath
John Steinbeck
English
1939
15 million[113]

La sombra del viento (The Shadow of the Wind)
Carlos Ruiz Zafón
Spanish
2001
15 million[114]

Interpreter of Maladies
Jhumpa Lahiri
English
2000
15 million[115]

The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy
Douglas Adams
English
1979
14 million[116]

Tuesdays with Morrie
Mitch Albom
English
1997
14 million[117]

God's Little Acre
Erskine Caldwell
English
1933
14 million[118]

Va' dove ti porta il cuore (Follow Your Heart)
Susanna Tamaro
Italian
1994
14 million[119]

A Wrinkle in Time
Madeleine L'Engle
English
1962
14 million[120]

Long Walk to Freedom
Nelson Mandela
English
1994
14 million[121]

The Old Man and the Sea
Ernest Hemingway
English
1952
13 million[57]

Life After Life

Raymond Moody

English

1975

13 million[122]

Me Before You
Jojo Moyes
English
2012
12 million[123]

ノルウェイの森 (Noruwei no Mori; Norwegian Wood)
Haruki Murakami
Japanese
1987
12 million[124]

Peyton Place
Grace Metalious
English
1956
12.1 million[125]

La Peste (The Plague)
Albert Camus
French
1947
12 million[126]

人間失格 (Ningen Shikkaku; No Longer Human)
Osamu Dazai
Japanese
1948
12 million[127]

Ein Psychologe erlebt das Konzentrationslager (Man's Search for Meaning)
Viktor Frankl
German
1946
12 million[128]

Divina Commedia (Divine Comedy)

Dante Alighieri

Italian

1304

11-12 million (during 20th century)[129]

The Prophet
Kahlil Gibran
English
1923
11 million[130]

The Exorcist
William Peter Blatty
English
1971
11 million[131]

The Gruffalo

Julia Donaldson

English

1999

10.5 million[132]

The Cat in the Hat
Dr. Seuss
English
1957
10.5 million[133]

Diana: Her True Story

Andrew Morton

English

1992

10 million[134]

The Help
Kathryn Stockett
English
2009
10 million[135]

Catch-22
Joseph Heller
English
1961
10 million[136]

L'Étranger (The Stranger (Camus novel))
Albert Camus
French
1942
10 million[137]

Eye of the Needle
Ken Follett
English
1978
10 million[138]

A Brief History of Time
Stephen Hawking
English
1988
10 million[139]

The Lovely Bones
Alice Sebold
English
2002
10 million[140]

Wild Swans
Jung Chang
English
1992
10 million[141]

Santa Evita
Tomás Eloy Martínez
Spanish
1995
10 million[142]

Un di Velt Hot Geshvign (Night)
Elie Wiesel
Yiddish
1958
10 million[143]

于丹《论语》心得 (Confucius from the Heart)
Yu Dan
Chinese
2006
10 million[144]

The Total Woman
Marabel Morgan
English
1974
10 million[145]

知価革命 (Knowledge-value Revolution)
Taichi Sakaiya
Japanese
1985
10 million[146]

中国社会主义经济问题研究 (Problems in China's Socialist Economy)
Xue Muqiao
Chinese
1979
10 million[147]

What Color is Your Parachute?
Richard Nelson Bolles
English
1970
10 million[148]

The Dukan Diet
Pierre Dukan
French
2000
10 million[149]

The Joy of Sex
Alex Comfort
English
1972
10 million[150]

The Gospel According to Peanuts
Robert L. Short
English
1965
10 million[151]

Life of Pi
Yann Martel
English
2001
10 million[152]

The Giver
Lois Lowry
English
1993
10 million[153]

The Front Runner
Patricia Nell Warren
English
1974
10 million[154]

The Goal

Eliyahu M. Goldratt

English

1984

10 million[155]

text: List of best-selling book series[edit]

text: More than 100 million copies[edit]

text:
Book series
Author(s)
Original language
No. of installments
First published
Approximate sales

Harry Potter
J. K. Rowling
English
7 + 8 supplements
1997–present
500 million[6][156]

Goosebumps
R. L. Stine
English
62 + spin-off series
1992–present
350 million[157]

Perry Mason
Erle Stanley Gardner
English
82 + 4 short stories
1933–1973
300 million[158]

Berenstain Bears
Stan and Jan Berenstain
English
over 300
1962–present
260 million[159]

Choose Your Own Adventure
Various authors
English
185
1979–1998
250 million[160]

Sweet Valley High
Francine Pascal and ghostwriters
English
400
1983–2003
250 million[161]

Noddy
Enid Blyton
English
24
1949–present
200 million[162]

Nancy Drew
Various authors as Carolyn Keene
English
175
1930–present
200 million[163]

The Railway Series
Rev. W. Awdry, Christopher Awdry
English
41
1945–2011
200 million[164]

San-Antonio
Frédéric Dard
French
173
1949–2001
200 million[165]

Robert Langdon
Dan Brown
English
5
2000–present
200 million[166]

Diary of a Wimpy Kid
Jeff Kinney
English
12

2007–present
194 million[167][168]

The Baby-sitters Club
Ann Martin
English
335
1986–present
172 million[169]

Star Wars
Various authors
English
over 300
1977–present
160 million[170]

Little Critter
Mercer Mayer
English
over 200
1975–present
150 million[171]

Peter Rabbit
Beatrix Potter
English
6
1902–1930
150 million[172]

Fifty Shades
E. L. James
English
3
2011–2015
150 million[173]

American Girl
Various authors
English
[quantify]
1986–present
140 million[174]

Geronimo Stilton
Elisabetta Dami
Italian
over 200
2000–present
140 million[175]

Chicken Soup for the Soul
Jack Canfield, Mark Victor Hansen
English
105
1997–present
130 million[176]

Clifford the Big Red Dog
Norman Bridwell
English
over 80 [177]
1963–2014
129 million[178]

Frank Merriwell
Gilbert Patten
English
209
1896–
125 million[179]

Dirk Pitt
Clive Cussler
English
24
1973–present
120 million[180]

宮本武蔵 (Musashi)
Eiji Yoshikawa
Japanese
7
1935–1939
120 million[181]

The Chronicles of Narnia
C. S. Lewis
English
7
1949–1954
120 million[182]

Mr. Men
Roger Hargreaves, Adam Hargreaves
English
43
1971–present
120 million[183]

Twilight
Stephenie Meyer
English
5 + 1 Novella + 1 Guide
2005–2015
120 million[184]

James Bond
Ian Fleming
English
14
1953–1966
100 million[185]

Martine
Gilbert Delahaye, Marcel Marlier
French
60
1954–present
100 million[186]

text:
Book series
Author(s)
Original language
No. of installments
First published
Approximate sales

Nijntje (Miffy)
Dick Bruna
Dutch
119
1955–present
85 million[187]

Millennium
Stieg Larsson, David Lagercrantz
Swedish
5
2005–2017
85 million[188]

Alex Cross
James Patterson
English
21
1993–present
81 million[189]

Fear Street
R. L. Stine
English
114
1989–present
80 million[190]

Pippi Långstrump (Pippi Longstocking)
Astrid Lindgren
Swedish
3 + 3 picture books
1945–2001
80 million[191]

The Vampire Chronicles
Anne Rice
English
13
1976–present
80 million[192]

The Wheel of Time
Robert Jordan, Brandon Sanderson
English
15
1990–2013
80 million[193]

OSS 117
Jean Bruce
French
265
1949–1992
75 million[194]

A Song of Ice and Fire
George R. R. Martin
English
Currently 5; 7 Planned; 3 novellas + 1 guide
1996–present
70 million[195]

Captain Underpants
Dav Pilkey
English
12
1997–2015
70 million[196]

Winnie-the-Pooh
A. A. Milne; illustrated by E. H. Shepard
English
2
1926–1928
70 million[197]

Discworld
Terry Pratchett
English
41
1983–2015
70 million[198]

Magic Tree House series
Mary Pope Osborne
English
56[199]
1992–present
70 million[200]

The Hunger Games trilogy
Suzanne Collins
English
3
2008–2010
65 million in U.S.[201]

Left Behind
Tim LaHaye, Jerry B. Jenkins
English
16
1996–2007
65 million[202]

A Series of Unfortunate Events
Lemony Snicket aka Daniel Handler
English
13
1999–2006
65 million[203]

Little House on the Prairie
Laura Ingalls Wilder
English
12
1932–2006
60 million[204]

Jack Reacher
Lee Child
English
22 Novels + 11 Short Stories
1997–present
60 million[205]

Where's Wally?[206]
Martin Handford
English
13
1987–present
55 million[207]

Men Are from Mars, Women Are from Venus
John Gray
English
15
1992–present
50 million[208]

The Hardy Boys
Various authors as Franklin W. Dixon
English
190
1927–present
50 million[209]

The Bobbsey Twins
Various authors as Laura Lee Hope
English
72
1904–1979
50 million[210]

Tarzan
Edgar Rice Burroughs
English
26
1914–1995
50 million[211]

text:
Book series
Author(s)
Original language
No. of installments
First published
Approximate sales

Earth's Children
Jean M. Auel
English
6
1980–2011
45 million[212]

A Child's First Library Of Learning
Various authors
English
29
1980–
45 million[213]

Junie B. Jones
Barbara Park
English
30
1992–
44 million[214]

Harry Bosch
Michael Connelly
English
15
1992–
42 million[215]

Harry Hole
Jo Nesbø
Norwegian
9
1997–present
40 million[216]

连环画 铁道游击队 (Picture-and-story book Railway Guerilla)
original author: Liu Zhixia
Chinese
10
1955–1962
36.52 million[217]

かいけつゾロリ (Kaiketsu Zorori)
Yutaka Hara
Japanese
60
1987–present
35 million[218]

Paddington Bear
Michael Bond
English
70
1958–present
35 million[219]

Divergent trilogy
Veronica Roth
English
3
2011–2013
35 million[220]

The Inheritance Cycle
Christopher Paolini
English
4
2002–2011
33 million[221]

グイン・サーガ (Guin Saga)
Kaoru Kurimoto
Japanese
118
1979–2009
30 million[222]

徳川家康 (Tokugawa Ieyasu)
Sohachi Yamaoka
Japanese
26
1950–1967
30 million[223]

Ramona
Beverly Cleary
English
8
1955–1999
30 million[224]

The Dark Tower
Stephen King
English
8
1982–2012
30 million[225]

The Destroyer
Warren Murphy and Richard Sapir, various authors
English
150
1971–present
30 million[226]

text:
Book series
Author(s)
Original language
No. of installments
First published
Approximate sales

ノンタン (Nontan)
Sachiko Kiyono
Japanese
25
1976–2006
28 million[227]

Curious George
Hans Augusto Rey and Margret Rey
English
58
1941–present
27 million[228]

三毛猫ホームズシリーズ (Calico Cat Holmes series)
Jirō Akagawa
Japanese
43
1978–present
26 million[229]

Rich Dad, Poor Dad
Robert Kiyosaki, Sharon Lechter
English
18
1997–
26 million[230]

Kurt Wallander
Henning Mankell
Swedish
10
1991–2002
25 million[231]

Sagaen om Isfolket (The Legend of the Ice People)
Margit Sandemo
Norwegian
47
1982–1989
25 million[232]

The Sword of Truth
Terry Goodkind
English
12
1998–present
25 million[233]

Outlander
Diana Gabaldon
English
8
1991–present
25 million[234]

Dork Diaries
Rachel Renée Russell
English
9
2009–present
25 million[235]

鬼平犯科帳 (Onihei Hankachō)
Shōtarō Ikenami
Japanese
24
1968–1990
24.4 million, only bunkobon[236]

Brain Quest
Various authors
English

1992–present
23.7 million[237]

South Beach Diet
Arthur Agatston
English
6
2003–present
22 million[238]

竜馬がゆく (Ryoma ga Yuku)
Ryōtarō Shiba
Japanese
5
1963–1966
21.5 million[239]

Artemis Fowl
Eoin Colfer
English
8
2001–2012
21 million[240]

ズッコケ三人組 (Zukkoke Sanningumi)
Masamoto Nasu
Japanese
50
1978–2004
21 million[241]

Shannara
Terry Brooks
English
20
1977–present
26 million[242]

Découvertes Gallimard
Various authors
French
more than 700
1986–present
more than 20 million[243][244]

ソードアート・オンライン (Sword Art Online)
Reki Kawahara
Japanese
23
2009–present
20 million[245]

Redwall
Brian Jacques
English
22
1986–2011
20 million[246]

Maisy
Lucy Cousins
English
23
1990–present
20 million[107]

Dragonlance
Various authors
English
more than 150
1984–present
20 million[247]

幻魔大戦 (Genma Taisen)
Kazumasa Hirai
Japanese
20
1979–1983
20 million[248]

青春の門 (The Gate of Youth)
Hiroyuki Itsuki
Japanese

1970–present
20 million[249]

The Foundation Trilogy
Isaac Asimov
English
3[250]
1950–1953
20 million[251]

Percy Jackson & the Olympians
Rick Riordan
English
5
2005–2009
20 million[252]

Horrible Histories
Terry Deary
English
24
1993–present
20 million[253]

Rainbow Magic
Daisy Meadows
English
80+
2003–present
20 million[254]

Morgan Kane
Louis Masterson
Norwegian
90
1966–
20 million[255]

The Southern Vampire Mysteries
Charlaine Harris
English
13
2001–2013
20 million[256]

text: Between 15 million and 20 million copies[edit]

text:
Book series
Author(s)
Original language
No. of installments
First published
Approximate sales

Doc Savage
Lester Dent, various authors
English
203
1933–present
20 million[257]

涼宮ハルヒシリーズ (Haruhi Suzumiya Series)
Nagaru Tanigawa
Japanese
11
2003–present
20 million[258]

科学のアルバム (Kagaku no album)
Various authors
Japanese

1970–present
19 million[259]

剣客商売 (Kenkaku Shobai)
Shotaro Ikenami
Japanese
18
1972–1989
18 million[260]

Erast Fandorin
Boris Akunin
Russian
12
1998–present
18 million[261]

Dragonriders of Pern

Anne McCaffrey

English

23

1967–present

18 million[262]

吸血鬼ハンターD (Vampire Hunter D)
Hideyuki Kikuchi
Japanese
17
1983–present
17 million[263]

The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy
Douglas Adams, plus a final book by Eoin Colfer
English
6
1979–2008
16 million[264]

Bridget Jones
Helen Fielding
English
3
1996–present
15 million[265]

The Riftwar Cycle
Raymond E. Feist
English
25
1982–present
15 million[266]

The No. 1 Ladies Detective Agency
Alexander McCall Smith
English
9
1999–present
15 million[267]

ぼくらシリーズ (Bokura series)
Osamu Soda
Japanese
36
1985–present
15 million[268]

His Dark Materials
Philip Pullman
English
3
1995–2000
15 million[269]

銀河英雄伝説 (Legend of the Galactic Heroes)
Yoshiki Tanaka
Japanese
14
1982–1989
15 million[270]

Der Regenbogenfisch (Rainbow Fish)
Marcus Pfister
German

1992–present
15 million[271]

text: Notes[edit]

text: The Perry Rhodan series has sold more than 1 billion copies,[272] but is not listed because that figure includes magazine sales, not novels alone.[citation needed]  Similarly, the Jerry Cotton series has sold over 300 million copies, but most of these were in magazine format.[273]

text: The figures given for some books are for the number printed instead of confirmed sales.[which?]

text: List of best-selling regularly updated books[edit]

text: More than 100 million copies[edit]

text:
Book
Author(s)
Original language
First published
Approximate sales

新华字典 (Xinhua Zidian / Xinhua Dictionary)
Chief editor: Wei Jiangong
Chinese
1957
400 million[274]

Scouting for Boys
Robert Baden-Powell
English
1908
100–150 million[275]

The McGuffey Readers
William Holmes McGuffey
English
1853
125 million[276]

Guinness World Records (published every year)
Various authors
English
1955–present
115 million[277]

American Spelling Book (Webster's Dictionary)
Noah Webster
English
1783
100 million[40]

text:
Book
Author(s)
Original language
First published
Approximate sales

World Almanac (published every year)
Various authors
English
1868–76; 1886–present
80 million[278]

六星占術によるあなたの運命 (Rokusei Senjutsu (Six-Star Astrology) Tells Your Fortune)
Kazuko Hosoki
Japanese
1986–present
79 million[279]

Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary
Merriam-Webster
English
1898
55 million[280]

text:
Book
Author(s)
Original language
First published
Approximate sales

Roget's Thesaurus
Peter Mark Roget
English
1852–
40 million[281]

できるシリーズ (Dekiru Series)
Impress Dekiru Series Editorial Desk
Japanese
1994–present
40 million[282]

Better Homes and Gardens New Cook Book
Various authors
English
1930–
38 million[283]

수학의 정석 (The Art of Mathematics)
Hong Sung-dae
Korean
1966–present
37 million[284]~ 40 million[285]

Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary
A. S. Hornby
English
1948
30 million[286]

Alcoholics Anonymous Big Book
Bill Wilson
English
1939
30 million[287][288]

Le guide Michelin France (The Michelin Guide France) (published every year)
Various authors
French
1900–present
30 million[289]

text:
Book
Author(s)
Original language
First published
Approximate sales

Betty Crocker Cookbook
Various authors as Betty Crocker
English
1955–
27 million[290]

超図解シリーズ (Cho-Zukai series)
X media
Japanese
1996–2007
25 million[291]

自由自在 (Jiyu Jizai)
Various authors
Japanese
1953–present
24 million[292]

新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai kokugo jiten)
Tadao Yamada
Japanese
1972
20.4 million[293]

English Grammar
Lindley Murray
English
1795
20 million[294]

text:
Book
Author(s)
Original language
First published
Approximate sales

The Joy of Cooking
Various authors
English
1936
18 million[295]

スーパーマップル (Super Mapple)
Various authors
Japanese
1991–present
18 million[296]

チャート式 (Chart Shiki)
Various authors
Japanese
1927–present
17.44 million, only for the first grade of high-school[297]

英語基本単語集 (Eigo Kihon Tangoshu) "Compilation of basic English vocabulary"
Yoshio Akao
Japanese, English
1942
17.2 million[297]

Merriam-Webster Pocket Dictionary

English

(Up to 1965)

15,110,000[298]

試験に出る英単語 (Siken Ni Deru Eitango) "English vocabulary in examinations"
Ichiro Mori
Japanese, English
1967
15 million[299]

新英和中辞典 (Shin Eiwa Chu Jiten) "New English-Japanese Dictionary"
Shigeru Takebayashi
Japanese, English
1967
12 million[300]

広辞苑 (Kōjien)
Izuru Shinmura
Japanese
1955
11.9 million[301]

旺文社古語辞典 (Obunsha Kogo Jiten) "Obunsha Dictionary of Archaisms"
Akira Matsumura
Japanese
1960
11 million[302]

Hammond's Pocket Atlas

English

(Up to 1965)

11,000,000[303]

三省堂国語辞典 (Sanseido Kokugo Jiten) "Sanseido Dictionary of the Japanese Language"
Kenbō Hidetoshi
Japanese
1960
10 million[304]

家庭に於ける實際的看護の秘訣 (Katei Ni Okeru Jissaiteki Kango No Hiketsu) "Key to Practical Personal Care at Home"
Takichi Tsukuda
Japanese
1925
10 million[305]

C程序设计 (C Program Design)
Tan, Haoqiang
Chinese
1991
10 million[306]


document_title: Interstate 65 in Kentucky

question_text: where does the time change in kentucky on i-65

text: Interstate 65 in Kentucky

text: Route description[edit]

text: Along its 137.32-mile (221.00 km) length in the Bluegrass State,[1] I-65 passes Mammoth Cave National Park, Bernheim Forest, the National Corvette Museum and the Fort Knox Military Reservation before entering the state's largest metropolitan area, Louisville.

text: It has interchanges with four of the state's parkways. The first of these is with the William H. Natcher Parkway at Bowling Green, followed by the Louie B. Nunn Cumberland Parkway north of that city between Smiths Grove and Park City. At Elizabethtown, it has two more parkway interchanges with the Wendell H. Ford Western Kentucky Parkway and the Martha Layne Collins Bluegrass Parkway.

text: I-65 also has interchanges with I-265, I-264, and a complex junction with I-64 and I-71 along the south bank of the Ohio River in central Louisville. From there, northbound motorists on I-65 cross into Indiana on the Abraham Lincoln Bridge, while southbound I-65 traffic enters Kentucky from Jeffersonville, Indiana via the John F. Kennedy Memorial Bridge.

text: The widest stretch of I-65 in its entirety is in Louisville, at Kentucky Route 1065 (Outer Loop) where the mainline is 14 lanes wide.

text: The highway crosses between the Central and Eastern time zones at the border of Hart and LaRue counties, respectively.

text: For most of 2016, the Ohio River Bridges Project routed all I-65 traffic onto the Abraham Lincoln Bridge (a six-lane cable-stayed bridge now carrying only northbound traffic) while rebuilding the deck of the 1963 John F. Kennedy Memorial Bridge to accommodate six lanes of all-southbound traffic. The project is also completing the rebuild of the Kennedy Interchange just south of both bridges in downtown Louisville.[2] On December 30, 2016, both I-65 bridges began using electronic toll collection (ETC) to charge motorists for their use of this previously toll-free Interstate crossing.[3]

text: History[edit]

text: From July 25, 1954 until June 30, 1975, the portion from the outskirts of Louisville to Elizabethtown was a toll road bearing the Kentucky Turnpike name. It was signed with a distinctive sign featuring a cardinal, the state bird of Kentucky. Unlike most states, Kentucky law requires that tolls be removed when the original construction bonds are paid off. The road was thus the first of the state's extensive system of toll roads to be made free.[4] Unlike the other roads, which maintain their separate names when becoming toll-free, the Kentucky Turnpike signs were removed. It is today almost impossible to find any traces of its former toll status.

text: On November 15, 2006, the stretch of I-65 from Bowling Green to Louisville was renamed the Abraham Lincoln Memorial Highway.[5]

text: On February 12, 2007, a bill passed the Kentucky Senate to rename I-65 in Jefferson County the "Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Expressway".[6] Signage was posted July 25, 2007.[7]

text: On July 15, 2007, Kentucky officially raised its speed limits on Interstate and State Parkway Highways to 70 miles per hour (110 km/h). Until that date, Kentucky was the only state along I-65's path that had a speed limit of 65 mph (105 km/h).[8]

text: In 2008, Governor Steve Beshear ordered the entire route to be widened to a minimum of six lanes through the entire state. As of 2017, the majority of this project is complete.

text: In July 2017, the KYTC opened a new interchange of I-65 at mile marker 30 to provide access to the Kentucky Transpark near Bowling Green. The $66.8 million project, which began in 2016, would improve traffic conditions along I-65 and U.S. 31W in northeastern Warren County. The first phase of the project include the new interchange, Exit 30, plus a four-lane connector road going from the interstate to U.S. 68 just east of Bowling Green. [9] The second phase is building a two-lane connector road running from U.S. 68 to U.S. 31W between Bowling Green and Oakland, thus relieving congestion problems on both U.S. routes. This was the first new exit on I-65 since 2002, when the interchange with KY 234 was built to connect downtown Bowling Green from the freeway.

text: Exit list[edit]

text:
County
Location
mi[10]
km
Exit
Destinations
Notes

Simpson

0.00
0.00

 I-65 south – Nashville
Continuation into Tennessee

1.980
3.187
2
 US 31W (Main Street) – Franklin

5.979
9.622
6
 KY 100 (Scottsville Road) – Scottsville, Franklin

Warren

20.568
33.101
20
 Natcher Parkway – Owensboro, Bowling Green
Natcher Parkway exits 2A-B; signed 20A (south) & 20B (north).

Bowling Green
22.388
36.030
22
 US 231 (Scottsville Road) – Scottsville, Bowling Green

25.732
41.412
26
 KY 234 (Cemetery Road) – Bowling Green

Bowling Green
28.066
45.168
28
 KY 446 to US 31W – Bowling Green
Serves National Corvette Museum

30
 KY 3145 to US 68 – Bowling Green
Serves Kentucky Transpark; exit opened July 6, 2017[11][12]

Oakland
35.631
57.343
36
 US 68 (Glasgow Road) / KY 80 – Oakland
Northbound exit and southbound entrance

Smiths Grove
37.578
60.476
38
 KY 101 (Main Street) to US 68 – Smiths Grove, Scottsville
Also serves Nolin River Reservoir

Barren

43.135
69.419
43
 Cumberland Parkway – Somerset, Glasgow
Cumberland Parkway exit 0

Park City
47.371
76.236
48
 KY 255 (Mammoth Cave Parkway) to US 31W – Park City, Brownsville
Serves Mammoth Cave National Park

Cave City
52.423
84.367
53
 KY 70 (Mammoth Cave Road) / KY 90 – Cave City, Glasgow
Serves Mammoth Cave National Park

Hart

57.627
92.742
58
 KY 218 (Flint Ridge Road) to KY 335 – Horse Cave

Munfordville
64.200
103.320
65
 US 31W (Main Street) – Munfordville

70.407
113.309
71
 KY 728 (Bacon Creek Road) – Bonnieville

LaRue
Upton
75.896
122.143
76
 KY 224 (Upton Talley Road) – Upton

Hardin
Sonora
80.457
129.483
81
 KY 84 (Western Avenue) to US 31W – Sonora

85.686
137.898
86
 KY 222 (Glendale Hodgenville Road) to US 31W – Glendale

Elizabethtown
91.086
146.589
91
 US 31W / KY 61 / Western Kentucky Parkway – Hodgenville, Paducah, Elizabethtown
Southbound exit to Dixie Avenue, Serves Abraham Lincoln Birthplace National Historical Park; WKP exit 137

93.345
150.224
93
 Bluegrass Parkway – Lexington, Bardstown

94.154
151.526
94
 US 62 (Mulberry Street) / KY 61 – Elizabethtown

102.533
165.011
102
 KY 313 (Joe Prather Highway) – Radcliff, Vine Grove

Bullitt
Lebanon Junction
104.698
168.495
105
 KY 61 (Preston Highway) – Boston, Lebanon Junction

111.773
179.881
112
 KY 245 (Clermont Road) – Bardstown, Clermont

Shepherdsville
115.574
185.998
116
 KY 480 (Cedar Grove Road) to KY 61

116.639
187.712
117
 KY 44 (4th Street) – Mt. Washington, Shepherdsville

121.722
195.893
121
 KY 1526 (John Harper Highway)

Jefferson

125.143
201.398
125
 I-265 east (Gene Snyder Freeway) / KY 841
I-265 exit 10; signed as exits 125A (east) & 125B (west) northbound.

126.746
203.978
127
 KY 1065 (Outer Loop) – Okolona, Fairdale
Southbound split exit (east) and (west)

Louisville
128.328
206.524
128
 KY 1747 (Fern Valley Road)

129.802
208.896
130
 KY 61 (Preston Highway) / Grade Lane

130.710
210.357
131A
 I-264 (Watterson Expressway) – Louisville International Airport
I-264 exit 12; signed as exits 131A (east) and 131B (west) southbound.

130.792
210.489
131B
Kentucky Exposition Center

132.601
213.401
132
 KY 1631 (Crittenden Drive) – Kentucky Exposition Center
No access back to I-65 Northbound (must use exit 133 from Warnock Street)

132.955
213.970
133

 US 60 Alt. (Eastern Parkway)
No access from I-65 Southbound to (Eastern Parkway, must use Arthur Street)or back to I-65 northbound (must use Warnock Street for I-65 North)

133.767
215.277
134
 KY 61 south (Arthur Street)
South end of KY 61 overlap; no northbound exit to Preston Street

133.978
215.617
134A
 KY 61 north (Preston Street)
North end of KY 61 overlap; northbound exit and southbound entrance

134.145
215.885
134B
Woodbine Street
Northbound exit and southbound entrance

134.675
216.738
135
St. Catherine Street west

135.195–
135.384
217.575–
217.879
136A
Chestnut Street, Broadway (US 150)
Northbound exit and southbound entrance

135.649
218.306
136B
Brook Street
Northbound exit and southbound entrance

135.649–
135.919
218.306–
218.740
136C
Muhammad Ali Boulevard, Jefferson Street – Downtown Louisville
Signed northbound as exit 136C

136.421
219.548
137
 I-64 / I-71 north – Lexington, St. Louis, Cincinnati
I-64 exit 5; I-71 exit 1

Ohio River
137.318
220.992
John F. Kennedy Memorial Bridge (southbound)
Abraham Lincoln Bridge (northbound)
 I-65 continues north into Indiana

1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi

      Concurrency terminus
      Incomplete access

text: Auxiliary routes[edit]

text: I-265: Forms three-quarters of a beltway around Metro Louisville. The signage runs from I-65 to I-71 on the northeast side of the Metro. It is cosigned with KY 841 for its entire length and is known as the Gene Snyder Freeway. Construction of the Lewis and Clark Bridge over the Ohio River to connect the Kentucky segment of I-265 with the Indiana segment was completed and opened to traffic on December 18, 2016.

tag: ul


document_title: Shameless (season 8)

question_text: when is shameless season 8 episode 3 coming out

text: Shameless (season 8)

text: Cast and characters[edit]

text: Main[edit]

text:
William H. Macy as Frank Gallagher[5]
Emmy Rossum as Fiona Gallagher[5]
Jeremy Allen White as Philip "Lip" Gallagher[6]
Ethan Cutkosky as Carl Gallagher
Shanola Hampton as Veronica Fisher[7]
Steve Howey as Kevin Ball[6]
Emma Kenney as Deborah "Debbie" Gallagher[6]
Cameron Monaghan as Ian Gallagher[8]
Isidora Goreshter as Svetlana Yevgenivna Fisher

text: Special Guest[edit]

text:
Dermot Mulroney as Sean Pierce
Richard Flood as Ford[9]

text: Recurring[edit]

text:
Christian Isaiah as Liam Gallagher[10]
Jim Hoffmaster as Kermit
Michael Patrick McGill as Tommy
Alan Rosenberg as Professor Youens
Ruby Modine as Sierra Morton[11]
Zack Pearlman as Neil[12]
Elliot Fletcher as Trevor
Juliette Angelo as Geneva
Alicia Coppola as Sue
Scott Michael Campbell as Brad
Levy Tran as Eddie
Jessica Szohr as Nessa Chabon[13]
Perry Mattfeld as Mel
David Brackett as Duran
Sharon Lawrence as Margo Mierzejewski
Faran Tahir as Adeeb[14]
Raffi Barsoumian as Bahir
Sammi Hanratty as Kassidi Gallagher
Chet Hanks as Charlie
Tina Ivlev as Freelania Alexeyevich
Scarlet Spencer as Xan

text: Episodes[edit]

text:
No.
overall
No. in
season
Title
Directed by
Written by
Original air date
U.S. viewers
(millions)

85
1
"We Become What We... Frank!"
Iain B. MacDonald
John Wells
November 5, 2017 (2017-11-05)
1.86[15]

Fiona begins renovating and selling apartments in her new building. Frank returns from the monastery and begins to apologize to everyone he has wronged in the past. Lip tries to get his drinking problem under control while also trying to win back Sierra. Debbie gets a new job and begins night school where she's learning to become a welder. Ian tries to win back the heart of Trevor by helping teens at the youth center. Carl begins selling the meth that Monica left him and his siblings before she passed away while also staying in shape for military school over the summer break. Liam is used by the faculty of his new school to show off the school's diversity for prospective parents. Kevin learns some disturbing news about his health and Veronica tries to take back the Alibi from Svetlana.

86
2
"Where's My Meth?"
Anthony Hemingway
Nancy M. Pimental
November 12, 2017 (2017-11-12)
1.37[16]

Fiona grapples with evicting someone from the apartment building. Frank finds a job for the first time and tries to be a respectable citizen. Lip tries to sabotage Sierra's relationship. Ian goes with Trevor to a chub bar in an effort to fix their relationship. Carl tries to sell Ian's portion of Monica's meth but makes a troubling discovery about her. Liam visits a rich friend's house and is astonished by the luxury that others have. Kevin is sent off to a cancer support group and finds people he can relate to, trying to be ready for the operation that is coming.

87
3
"God Bless Her Rotting Soul"
Michael Morris
Krista Vernoff
November 19, 2017 (2017-11-19)
1.34[17]

While Kevin's tumour is benign, he becomes obsessed with being healthy and, upon researching his genetics, discovers that he comes from an inbred community in Kentucky. Fiona's evicted tenant destroys her room so Fiona attempts to find a new renter but comes into conflict with Nessa's girlfriend, Mel. Neil breaks up with Debbie. Ian continues to struggle with Monica's death. Lip tries to help Professor Yeouens deal with his alcoholism. Frank, now going by Francis, remains committed to becoming a better person. Svetlana tries to sell the Alibi, forcing Veronica to visit her in prison and make a deal, resulting in her release and partial-ownership of the bar. Monica's partner threatens the Gallaghers and they dig up her body in order to retrieve the meth.

88
4
"Fuck Paying It Forward"
Regina King
Dominique Morisseau
November 26, 2017 (2017-11-26)
1.59[18]

Frank is helping as much as he can at Liam's school, and meets a potential love interest amongst the mothers. Fiona is furious when Sean, now clean and married, returns to try and make amends. Lip is sex-crazed, and ends up sleeping with his co-worker, Eddie (Levy Tran). Ian lets a shelter girl of Trevor's sleep over to help her out of a bad spot, and gets chewed out by Trevor for it, but later they make amends, and Ian promises to try and find a living situation for some of the shelter kids. Debbie has moved back in, and is sad to be missing Frannie's growing up because of work. Carl attempts to catch a junkie breaking into houses on the block. Another black child join Liam's school. Kevin and Veronica meet Kevin's family; Kev is overwrought with emotion, whereas Veronica fears his family is racist.

89
5
"The (Mis)Education of Liam Fergus Beircheart Gallagher"
Iain B. MacDonald
Sheila Callaghan
December 3, 2017 (2017-12-03)
1.51[19]

Fiona tries to raise the profile of the neighborhood; Ian helps Trevor raise money for a youth shelter; Carl loses his scholarship; Lip stands up to a friend; Frank teaches parents about the working class.

90
6
"Icarus Fell And Rusty Ate Him"
Zetna Fuentes
Mark Steilen
December 10, 2017 (2017-12-10)
1.52[20]

After she discovers one of her tenants dead, Fiona is forced to reflect on her own life, as the rift between her and Ian grows deeper. Meanwhile, Lip enlists Carl's help to search for his AA sponsor, Brad, after he started drinking again. After having sex with Duran, Debbie has a pregnancy scare and tries to get a morning-after pill. Frank enjoys having his first-ever credit card, while Kev and V are making discoveries about their sexualities.

91
7
"Occupy Fiona"
Iain B. MacDonald
Molly Smith Metzler
December 17, 2017 (2017-12-17)
1.58[21]

Ian keeps testing Fiona's patience, and starts a "Occupy Fiona" movement next to her building. With the support of Brad, Lip tries to help Youens for his DUI trial, after the latter's fifth drunk driving conviction. Meanwhile, an unemployed Frank goes on a job hunt, while Debbie is facing a rude doctor at her own work. Carl gets close to Kassidi, one of his rehab clients, who comes up with a plan to get him easy money. An unsure Kev is learning how to sexually dominate V.

92
8
"Frank's Northern Southern Express"
Emmy Rossum
Nancy M. Pimental
December 31, 2017 (2017-12-31)
0.81[22]

Fiona considers moving into one of her apartments, while she tries to get closer to Ford. Frank starts a business, by smuggling Muslims and drugs through the US-Canada border. Meanwhile, Lip interviews new AA sponsors, and discovers something about Charlie, Sierra's boyfriend. Ian confronts a pastor preaching gay conversion, as Carl tries to reconcile his job with Kassidi, his new mercurial]girlfriend. As she tries to find a new job and some money, Debbie thinks she may be pregnant again. Kev starts showing his dominating tricks against Svetlana at work, to the pleasure of V.

93
9
"The Fugees"
Jeffrey Reiner
Dominique Morisseau
January 7, 2018 (2018-01-07)
1.65[23]

Frank's business takes a turn for the worse, as it sends him on the run through the Great White North. Ian's run-in with a minister brings about some unexpected and new allies. Meanwhile, Fiona tries and fails to fit in with Ford's group of friends, while Carl's new girlfriend Kassidi suffers separation anxiety. As he gets closer to Eddie, Lip must decide whether to tell Sierra about Charlie's secret baby or not. Debbie finds a new money opportunity thanks to the dog she is watching. After a visit from a former employee, Svetlana reveals to Kevin and V how bad she feels about her current miserable life.

94
10
"Church of Gay Jesus"
Anna Mastro
Sheila Callaghan
January 14, 2018 (2018-01-14)
1.52[24]

Ian tries to get a handle on his newfound fame and attention from his "followers", as Frank finds a way to cash in. Meanwhile, Fiona struggles with her conscience as she decides to help the worker who fell off her roof. Lip deals with the sudden death of someone important to him, while Debbie starts doing some dangerous welding gigs. As Carl finds himself forced to marry Kassidi, Kev and V decide to help Svetlana to find a sugar daddy.

95
11
"A Gallagher Pedicure"
Iain B. MacDonald
Mark Steilen
January 21, 2018 (2018-01-21)
1.52[25]

Fiona's homeless tenants sue her, while barricading themselves inside her apartment. Frank considers his retirement, while Lip decides to help a terrified Sierra against her newly released father. Despite warnings, Ian wants to provide sanctuary to a runaway teen, as Carl is showing Kassidi his life before dating her. After her injury, Debbie decides to sacrifice her toes surgery over her school, as she can't pay for both. As Kev and V are unable to get her a sugar daddy, Svetlana finds an unconventional solution to her problem.

96
12
"Sleepwalking"
John Wells
John Wells
January 28, 2018 (2018-01-28)
1.73[26]

With the help of Ford, Fiona decides to "go Gallagher" to get rid of her homeless tenants and their lawsuit. Frank enrolls Liam in planning a burglary at his rich friend's house, but Liam is having second thoughts. After things got out of hand, Ian is forced to hide from the authorities. Debbie considers joint custody of Franny with Derek, in exchange for child support. As Lip makes a decision regarding his life and his relationship with Sierra, Carl tries to find a way to go back to military school behind Kassidi's back. Meanwhile, Kev and V help Svetlana to go through with her scheme.

text: Ratings[edit]

text:
No.
Title
Air date
Rating/share
(18–49)
Viewers
(millions)
DVR
(18–49)
DVR viewers
(millions)
Total
(18–49)
Total viewers
(millions)

1
"We Become What We ... Frank!"
November 5, 2017
0.7
1.86[15]
0.5
1.16
1.2
3.02[27]

2
"Where's My Meth?"
November 12, 2017
0.5
1.37[16]
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A

3
"God Bless Her Rotting Soul"
November 19, 2017
0.5
1.34[17]
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A

4
"Fuck Paying It Forward"
November 26, 2017
0.6
1.59[18]
0.6
1.26
1.2
2.86[28]

5
"The (Mis)Education of Liam Fergus Beircheart
Gallagher"
December 3, 2017
0.6
1.51[19]
0.5
1.42
1.1
2.93[29]

6
"Icarus Fell And Rusty Ate Him"
December 10, 2017
0.5
1.52[20]
0.6
1.40
1.1
2.92[30]

7
"Occupy Fiona"
December 17, 2017
0.5
1.58[21]
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A

8
"Frank's Northern Southern Express"
December 31, 2017
0.2
0.81[22]
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A

9
"The Fugees"
January 7, 2018
0.7
1.65[23]
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A

10
"Church of Gay Jesus"
January 14, 2018
0.6
1.52[24]
0.5
1.37
1.1
2.90[31]

11
"A Gallagher Pedicure"
January 21, 2018
0.5
1.52[25]
0.6
1.38
1.1
2.89[32]

12
"Sleepwalking"
January 28, 2018
0.6
1.73[26]
0.5
1.27
1.1
3.00[33]


document_title: Alex Bevan

question_text: who sings skinny little boy from cleveland ohio

text: Alex Bevan

text: Early life[edit]

text: Bevan began his musical career playing the French horn with his teacher Ruffier at Chambers Elementary School. In 1965, while at Shaw High School in East Cleveland, he acquired a six-string classical guitar. He played local night clubs and various coffeehouses in the Cleveland area such as "La Cave" and "Faragher’s Back Room". His first position in a group was as a backup musician with Irish folk singers Gusty & Sean at Fagan's Beacon House in the Flats of Cleveland, Ohio. While a student at the University of Akron, Bevan was introduced to his first producer, Eric Stevens, who signed him to Big Tree Records. His first album, No Truth to Sell, was released with the single "Linda’s Song", which got some airplay. Between 1971 and 1976, Bevan performed as an opening act for such headliners as the Earl Scruggs Review, Pure Prairie League, The Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, Jerry Jeff Walker, Jimmy Buffett, Livingston Taylor, Billy Joel and others.

text: Musical career[edit]

text: The release of the album Springboard got him some public recognition due to the local hit song Skinny Little Boy. In 1977 he performed on the air on Cleveland's WMMS Radio with a band called Alex Bevan and the Buzzard Band, featuring DJ Matt the Cat on guitar.[1] He performed in the mid-1970s with an acoustic trio consisting of two guitars and electric bass, and opened for such acts as Seals and Crofts, The Michael Stanley Band, The Doobie Brothers and Hall & Oates. He soon added David Krauss from the band Tiny Alice to the group, supplying percussion and harmonica. They toured either under the name Grand River Band or Alex Bevan and Friends from 1979 until 1981, and produced the albums The Grand River Lullaby, Alex Bevan and Friends Live, and Simple Things Done Well. In the early 80's Bevan produced the direct-to-disk digital solo album Tales of the Low Tech Troubadour Vol. 1. He played in the band Alex Bevan & Cuttlefish from 1984 through 1986. In the late 80s to early 90s, he produced the albums Best Kept Secrets, Cuttlefish Live, and Watersongs.

text: His latest releases include South Shore Serenade, Rules of the Road, Fall & Angels and Live at the Kent Stage. An avid producer of folk music, he has produced five recordings for the popular Put-in-Bay/Key West performer Pat Dailey, and written over one hundred radio and TV commercials. He still plays many venues, including the Hessler Street and Coventry Street Fairs in Greater Cleveland, Ohio, the Starwood Festival, Put-In Bay, the Burning River Festival, Cain Park, and Kelleys Island.

text: Bevan organized a benefit for fellow Cleveland area singer/songwriter John Bassette on May 19, 2002 at the Beachland Ballroom & Tavern in Cleveland, OH, featuring Jim Ballard, Charlie Wiener, Michael Stanley, Jim Schafer, and many others.[2] In 2007 a tribute CD for Bassette, Been Through So Much Together: The Songs of John Bassette, was released by Skyline Productions, which featured Bevan and others. Around the same time, Bevan released a posthumous collection of previously-unreleased songs by John Bassette called Rainbow Colored Clouds. He also plays for the Roots of American Music Annual Benefit for Education.

text: Radio[edit]

text: Bevan appeared on the premiere broadcast of Cleveland's WNCR Radio station's Sunday night live concerts from Agency Recording in 1971. He was a frequent guest artist on WMMS' Coffeebreak Concerts, and co-hosted a show with David Spero called A Folk Special for a Sunday Afternoon. He also hosted a Saturday morning radio show on WMMS Cleveland for a short time.[3]

text: In 1988 Bevan did a series of musical radio advertisements for the Cleveland Browns. A new song each week of the season recapped the game from the week before and set up the upcoming game. Each week's song was in a different musical style.

text: Children's programs[edit]

text: Bevan collaborated with David Young on his first children's album, a musical fairytale with an environmental message titled Who Killed the Dragon?. This was followed by two award-winning critically acclaimed works: Magic Moments from the Children’s Nature Schoolhouse (produced for the Lake Metroparks) and All the Rivers Run (Produced for the Cuyahoga Valley Environmental Education Center).

text: Personal life[edit]

text: Bevan and his wife Deidre reside in North Madison, Ohio, and have a son, William Cody. The couple owned and operated two businesses: a line of home-grown gourmet pickles called Skinny Pickles[4] and Stone Dragon Bakery. Those businesses are now closed.

text: Awards[edit]

text: Bevan won an Emmy award for his postscore of The Rustbelt Blues (1987), the final segment of NBC’s American Promise documentary series.

text: Discography[edit]

text:
No Truth to Sell (1971) Big Tree Records
Springboard (1976) Fiddler's Wynde (CD reissued by Little Fish Records)
The Grand River Lullaby (1978) Fiddler's Wynde (CD reissued by Little Fish Records)
Alex Bevan and Friends Live: Come for to See You...Come for to Sing! (1980)
Simple Things Done Well (1981) Fiddler's Wynde
Tales of the Low Tech Troubadour Vol. 1
Best Kept Secrets (1985)
Cuttlefish Live
Watersongs (1998) Fiddler's Wynde
Homework (CD - October 31, 2000) Fiddler's Wynde
Sweetwater Pete (January 23, 2006) Fiddler's Wynde
Invitation (February 26, 2008) Fiddler's Wynde
Who Killed the Dragon? (with David Young)
Magic Moments from the Children’s Nature Schoolhouse - Lake Metroparks
D.A.T.'s The Way It's Done! (1992) Fiddler's Wynde Music - Cassette
All the Rivers Run - Cuyahoga Valley Environmental Education Center
South Shore Serenade (March 26, 1998) Fiddler's Wynde
Rules of the Road (March 26, 1998) Fiddler's Wynde
Live at the Kent Stage: Dancing With the Muse (November 18, 2008) Little Fish Records
Connected to the Web (February 24, 2004) Fiddler's Wynde
Fall & Angels (2008) Little Fish Records
A Tribute to the Great Lakes (with Pat Dailey & Murdock) (2006) Centers for Ocean Sciences Education Excellence
Fly Away (2010) Fiddler's Wynde
I have No Wings (2012) Fiddler's Wynde
Dreams Came (2015) Fiddler's Wynde (Alex Bevan and David J. Young)
Boomer (24 January 2016) Fiddler's Wynde

text: Also appears on[edit]

text:
The Pride of Cleveland: WMMS FM 101 - Various (1980) (CD release 2002 Esquire Records)
Raw Bars - Pat Dailey (with Macaw) (1994) Olympia Records Inc.
Shorelines - Pat Dailey - Olympia Records
Pat Dailey Live 'N' Kickin (2000) Olympia Records Inc.
Woodchoppers Ball - Various (2007) Divine Wind Records
Been Through So Much Together: The Songs of John Bassette - Various (2007) Skyline Productions / Little Fish Records
...In Blue - Mike Calzone (2007) Little Fish Records

text: Filmography[edit]

text: Bevan performs in the TV special The Return of the Cuyahoga (2008) - Florentine Films/Hott Productions Inc., America’s River Communities, Inc., and WVIZ/PBS ideastream[5]

text: Media appearances[edit]

text:
WNCX Morning Show: April 6, 2007 on YouTube
Cain Park 1991 on YouTube

text: Notes[edit]

text:
Jump up ^ Radio Daze: Stories From the Front in Cleveland's FM Air Wars by Mike Olszewski (2003) Pg 137
Jump up ^ John Bassette: Rest in Peace by Larry Bruner Folknet Website Archived 2008-05-09 at the Wayback Machine.
Jump up ^ Radio Daze: Stories From the Front in Cleveland's FM Air Wars by Mike Olszewski (2003)
Jump up ^ A Fine Brine: Musician Bevan's Latest Gig Hits Right Note With Pickle Lovers by Michael Heaton, Plain Dealer Reporter - January 07, 2009 Cleveland.com Website
Jump up ^ New York Times Movie Website