document_title: Valle de los Caídos

question_text: who is buried at valle de los caidos

question_tokens: who is buried at valle de los caidos

text: Valle de los Caídos

text: Basilica, cross and abbey[edit]

text: One of the world's largest basilicas rises above the valley along with the tallest memorial cross in the world. The Basílica de la Santa Cruz del Valle de los Caídos (Basilica of the Holy Cross of the Valley of the Fallen) is hewn out of a granite ridge. The 152.4-metre-high cross is constructed of stone and strongly resembles the ancient stone or granite open air outdoor crosses of Kerala known as Nazraney Sthambas.

text: In 1960, Pope John XXIII declared the underground crypt a basilica. The dimensions of this underground basilica, as excavated, are larger than those of St. Peter's Basilica in Rome. To avoid competition with the apostle's grave church on the Vatican Hill, a partitioning wall was built near the inside of the entrance and a sizable entryway was left unconsecrated.

text: The monumental hieratic sculptures over the main gate and the base of the cross culminated the career of Juan de Ávalos. The monument consists of a wide explanada (esplanade) with a spectacular view of the valley and the outskirts of Madrid in the distance. A long vaulted crypt was tunnelled out of solid granite, piercing the mountain to the massive transept, which lies exactly below the cross.

text: On the wrought-iron gates, Franco's neo-Habsburg double-headed eagle is prominently displayed. On entering the basilica, visitors are flanked by two large metal statues of art deco angels holding swords.

text: There is a funicular that connects the basilica with the base of the cross. There is a spiral staircase and a lift inside the cross, connecting the top of the basilica dome to a trapdoor on top of the cross,[8] but their use is restricted to maintenance staff.

text: The Benedictine Abbey of the Holy Cross of the Valley of the Fallen (Spanish: Abadía Benedictina de la Santa Cruz del Valle de los Caídos), on the other side of the mountain, houses priests who say perpetual Masses for the repose of the fallen of the Spanish Civil War and later wars and peacekeeping missions fought by the Royal Spanish Army. The abbey ranks as a Royal Monastery.

text: Valley of the Fallen[edit]

text: The valley that contains the monument, preserved as a national park, is located 10 km northeast of the royal site of El Escorial, northwest of Madrid. Beneath the valley floor lie the remains of 40,000 people, whose names are accounted for in the monument's register. The valley contains both Nationalist and Republican graves.

text: Franco's tomb[edit]

text: In 1975, after Francisco Franco's death, the site was designated by the interim Government, assured by Prince Juan Carlos and Prime Minister Carlos Arias Navarro, as the burial place for Franco. According to his family, Franco did not want to be buried in the Valley, but in the city of Madrid. Nonetheless, the family agreed to the interim Government's request to bury him in the Valley, and has stood by the decision.

text: Before his death, nobody had expected that Franco would be buried in the Valley. Moreover, the grave had to be excavated and prepared within two days, forcing last minute changes in the plumbing system of the Basilica. Unlike the fallen of the Civil War who were laid to rest in the valley exterior to the basilica, Franco was buried inside the church. His grave is marked by a simple tombstone engraved with just his Christian name and first surname, on the choir side of the main high altar (between the altar and the apse of the Church; behind the altar, from the perspective of a person standing at the main door).

text: Franco is the only person interred in the Valley who did not die in the Civil War. The argument given by the defenders of his tomb is that in the Catholic Church the developer of a church can be buried in the church that he has promoted. Therefore, Franco would be in the Valley as the promoter of the basilica's construction.

text: Franco was the second person interred in the Santa Cruz basilica. Franco had earlier interred José Antonio Primo de Rivera, the founder of the Falange movement, who was executed by the Republican government in 1936 and was laid to rest by the Francoist government under a modest gravestone on the nave side of the altar. Primo de Rivera died November 20, 1936, exactly 39 years before Franco. His grave is in the corresponding position on the other side of the altar. Accordingly, 20 November is annually commemorated by large crowds of Franco supporters and various Falange successor movements and individuals, flocking to the Requiem Masses held for the repose of the souls of their political leaders.

text: Controversy[edit]

text: Presenting the monument in a politically neutral way poses a number of problems, not least the strength of opposing opinions on the issue. The Times quoted Jaume Bosch, a Catalan politician and former MP seeking to change the monument,[clarification needed] as saying: "I want what was in reality something like a Nazi concentration camp to stop being a nostalgic place of pilgrimage for Francoists. Inevitably, whether we like it or not, it's part of our history. We don’t want to pull it down, but the Government has agreed to study our plan."[9]

text: The charge that the monument site was "like a Nazi concentration camp" refers to the use of convicts, including Spanish Republican Army war prisoners, trading their labor for a reduction in time served. Although Spanish law at the time prohibited forced labor, it did provide for convicts to choose voluntary work on the basis of redeeming two days of conviction for each day worked. This law was in force until 1995. This benefit was increased to six days when labor was carried out at the basilica with a salary of 7 pesetas per day, a regular worker's salary for that time, with the possibility of the family of the convict benefiting from the housing and Catholic children's schools built in the valley for the other workers. Only convicts with a record of good behaviour would qualify for this redemption scheme, as the works site was considered to be a low security environment. The motto used by the Spanish Nationalist government was "el trabajo enoblece" ("Work ennobles"). It is claimed that by 1943, the number of prisoners who were working at the site reached close to six hundred.[10] It is also claimed that up to 20,000 prisoners were used for the overall construction of the monument and that forced labor took place.[11]

text: According to the official program records, 2,643 workers participated directly in the construction, some of them highly skilled, as required by the complexity of the work. Only 243 of these were convicts. During the eighteen-year construction period, the official tally of workers who died as result of accidents during the building of the monument totalled fourteen.[12]

text: The socialist Spanish government of 2004-2011 instituted a statewide policy of removal of Francoist symbols from public buildings and spaces, leading to an uneasy relationship with a monument that is the most conspicuous legacy from Franco's rule.

text: Political rallies in celebration of the former leader are now banned by the Historical Memory Law, voted on by the Congress of Deputies on 16 October 2007. This law dictated that "the management organisation of the Valley of the Fallen should aim to honor the memory of all of those who died during the civil war and who suffered repression".[13] It has been suggested that The Valley of the Fallen be re-designated as a "monument to Democracy" or as a memorial to all Spaniards killed in conflict "for Democracy".[14] Some organisations, among them centrist Catholic groups, question the purpose of these plans, on the basis that the monument is already dedicated to all of the dead, civilian and military of both Nationalist and Republican sides.

text: Expert Commission for the Future of the Valley of the Fallen[edit]

text: On November 29, 2011 the Expert Commission for the Future of the Valley of the Fallen, formed by the Socialist Party government of José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero on May 27, 2011 under the Historical Memory Law and charged to give advice for converting the Valley of the Fallen to a "memory center that dignifies and rehabilitates the victims of the Civil War and the subsequent Franco regime,"[15] rendered a report[16] recommending as its principal proposal for the Commission's stated end the removal of the remains of Francisco Franco from the Valley of the Fallen for reburial at a location to be chosen by his family, but only after first obtaining a broad parliamentary consensus for such action. The Commission based its decision upon Franco having not died in the Civil War and the aim of the Commission that the Valley of the Fallen be exclusively for those on both sides who had died in the Civil War. In regard to José Antonio Primo de Rivera, founder of Falange Española, the Commission recommended his remains should stay at the Valley of the Fallen, since a victim of the Civil War, but relocated within the Basilica mausoleum on equal footing with those remains of others who died in the conflict. The Commission further conditioned its recommendation for the removal of the remains of Franco from the Valley of the Fallen and the relocation of the remains of Primo de Rivera within the Basilica mausoleum upon the consent of the Catholic Church since “any action inside of the Basilica requires the permission of the Church.” Three members of the twelve person commission gave a joint dissenting opinion opposing the recommendation for the removal of the remains of Franco from the Valley of the Fallen claiming such action would only further “divide and stress Spanish society."[17] The Commission additionally proposed for its report creating a "meditation center" in the Valley of the Fallen for those not of the Catholic faith, the names shown of all Civil War victims buried at the Valley of the Fallen who can be identified on the esplanade that leads into the Basilica mausoleum and an “interpretive center” be built to explain how and why the Valley of the Fallen exists. The total cost of the proposed changes to the Valley of the Fallen was estimated by the Commission at 13 million euros.[18] On November 20, nine days before the issuance of the report of the Commission and ironically on the 36th anniversary of the death of Francisco Franco, the conservative Popular Party won for the 2011 General Election absolute majorities in both Spain’s lower house, the Congress of Deputies, and Senate.[19]

text: On July 17, 2012, Soraya Sáenz de Santamaría, Vice President and Spokesperson of the government stated during parliamentary questioning the Popular Party government of President Mariano Rajoy had no intention of following the recommendations of the Expert Commission for the Future of the Valley of the Fallen with respect to the removal of the remains of Francisco Franco from the Valley of the Fallen, the relocation of the remains of Jose Antonio Primo de Rivera within the Basilica or otherwise since the government considers the report to lack validity in that the Commission was “monocolor” for which the Popular Party was not invited or involved and that in light of Spain’s present economic crisis, discussion and opinion as to the Valley of the Fallen would not be considered at this time.[20][21][22]

text: On October 10, 2012 a motion of Basque Nationalist Party (PNV) Senator Iñaki Anasagasti placed before the full Senate calling for the removal of the remains of Francisco Franco from the Valley of the Fallen as recommended by the Expert Commission for the Future of the Valley of the Fallen was rejected by the Popular Party majority. Together with the motion to remove the remains of Franco, the Popular Party majority also voted down an amendment by the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party for the creation of a parliamentary committee to seek a consensus for the implementation of the recommendations of the Expert Commission for the Future of the Valley of the Fallen. In a speech at the time before the Senate in defense of his party’s no votes Popular Party Senator Alejandro Muñoz-Alonso argued there is no consensus at present in Spain for implementing the recommendations of the Expert Commission for the Future of the Valley of the Fallen and even the Expert Commission unilaterally formed by the Zapatero government was not unanimous, and the matter is now totally exhausted for having been raised eight times before the Parliament; and, then closed for his remarks by quoting from the Bible saying, “let the dead bury the dead” for urging the Senate in light of Spain's economic crisis to return to addressing the "problems of the living."[23][24][25]

text: On July 8, 2013 a motion before the Senate of Catalan Agreement of Progress (ECP) to implement all recommendations made unanimously by the Expert Commission for the Future of the Valley of the Fallen; that is, all recommendations with the exception only for the removal of the remains of Francisco Franco from the Valley of the Fallen, was voted down by the Popular Party majority.[26]

text: On August 5, 2013 the Popular Party government by letter to Socialist Party deputy and former minister Ramón Jáuregui reaffirmed its position that the recommendations of the Expert Commission for the Future of the Valley of the Fallen would not be carried out since doing so absent in the view of the Popular Party government a consensus in Spain for such action would "needlessly reopen old wounds." In regard to the expenditure of nearly 300,000 euros to restore the facade of the Basilica also questioned by former minister Jáuregui, the Rajoy government further stated for its correspondence such expenditures are justified since aimed at ensuring the monument is well preserved and to prevent deterioration and possible risks to visitors.[27][28]

text: On November 4, 2013, Vice-President Soraya Sáenz de Santamaría again stated the Rajoy government will reject due to the lack of a consensus among Spaniards concerning the future of the Valley of the Fallen any legislation or request which would seek to remove the remains of Francisco Franco from the Valley of the Fallen for reburial at a location to be chosen by his family and further questioned the urgency for that legislation then presently introduced before the Parliament calling for the removal of the remains of Franco since during the entire seven-year term of the Zapatero government no attempt was made to so change the Valley of the Fallen.[29][30][31]

text: On November 23, 2014, the government of Mariano Rajoy again re-affirmed its position that since a social and political consensus is absent for doing so there can be no changes or modifications to the Valley of the Fallen.[32]

text: On December 17, 2014, Popular Party and Asturias Forum (FAC) members of the Committee for Culture of the Congress of Deputies together voted down a proposed law put forward by the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party to “redefine” the Valley of the Fallen to reflect a “culture of co-existence,” and amendment of the United Left to exhume the remains of Francisco Franco and José Antonio Primo de Rivera, identify the remains of all Civil War victims buried in the basilica mausoleum, and address the claims of descendants whose ancestors were buried there without family consent. During parliamentary debate for the proposal of the PSOE, Popular Party deputy Rocío López argued "let the dead rest in peace" and the Valley of the Fallen is a church and cemetery conceived as a peaceful place “without political significance” for the meeting and reconciliation of both sides of the Civil War that should not be changed or modified, while in support of the proposal PSOE deputy Odón Elorza contended the monument is instead a “symbol of contempt and exclusion” to Spaniards.[33][34]

text: On February 9, 2017 the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) introduced in the Constitutional Commission Committee of the Congress of Deputies a non-binding motion calling for the removal of the remains of Francisco Franco from the Valley of the Fallen and the creation of a “truth commission” to investigate the Franco years (1939-1975).[35] [36] On March 8. 2017 the Socialist Party motion was debated and voted on in committee with only the Popular Party voting no and Navarrese People's Union (UPN) abstaining, and all other parties voting yes.[37][38] On April 3, 2017 the Constitutional Commission of the Senate rejected a motion presented by the PNV to re-designate the Valley of the Fallen to a center for interpretation of the Civil War. [39]

text: On May 11, 2017 a non-binding motion put forth by the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) calling for the removal of the remains of Francisco Franco from the Valley of the Fallen and relocation of the remains of José Antonio Primo de Rivera to a less prominent place within the Basilica mausoleum was approved in plenary session by the Congress of Deputies with 198 votes in favor, 1 against and 140 abstentions. Deputies of both the Popular Party and Republican Left of Catalonia (ERC) abstained with the one no vote having been made in error by a Popular Party deputy. The motion further called for the creation of a truth commission, the declaration of November 11 as a day of remembrance for victims of Fascism, the government undertake necessary actions for the location and exhumation of graves and identification of the remains of victims of the Civil War and dictatorship, and the Valley of the Fallen be converted from a “Francoist and National-Catholic landmark” to instead a “space for reconciliation and collective and democratic memory, aimed at dignifying and recognizing the victims of the Spanish Civil War and of the dictatorship.” The conservative Popular Party government of Mariano Rajoy has responded it will not act on the PSOE motion as to the Valley of the Fallen because it considers the Valley of the Fallen to no longer be a Francoist monument since now governed by rules generally applicable to places of worship and public cemeteries and by law acts are prohibited at the Valley of the Fallen of a political nature or exalt of the Civil War, its protagonists, or Franco and the Historical Memory Law does not contemplate or call for the disinterment of anyone.[40][41]

text: Closure and reopening of the monument[edit]

text: In November 2009, Patrimonio Nacional controversially ordered the closure of the basilica for an indefinite period of time, alleging preservation issues also affecting the Cross and some sculptures.[3] These allegations were contested by experts and the Benedictine Order religious community that lives at the complex, and were seen by some conservative opinion groups as a policy of harassment against the monument.[42] In 2010, the Pietà sculpture group started to be "dismantled" with hammers and heavy machinery, which the Juan de Ávalos trust feared could cause irreparable damage to the masterpiece. As a result, thereof, the trust filed several lawsuits against the Spanish government.[43] At the time, several parallels were made by conservative and liberal groups between the dismantling of the Pietà under the Socialist Party government of Zapatero and the destruction of the Buddhas of Bamyan by the Taliban.[44][45]

text: Following the November 2011 Spanish General Election, on June 1, 2012 the conservative Popular Party government of Mariano Rajoy reopened the monument to the public with the exception only of the base of the cross, in the past accessible by cable car or on foot, which will remain closed to ascent while the sculptures of the four apostles and the cardinal virtues forming part of the base of the cross are presently under engineering review and restoration for cracks and other deterioration.[46] Beginning on June 1, 2012 the charge for entry to the monument had been 5 euros. The 5 euro entry fee was anticipated to generate around 2 million euros a year if the Valley of the Fallen once again attracted 500,000 visitors annually, the approximate number of annual visitors before closure of the monument in 2009 by the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party government of José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero.[22][47] Starting on May 2, 2013, and over the strong objection of the Association for the Defense of the Valley of the Fallen, the entry fee for the monument was increased from 5 to 9 euros.[48][49][50] Prior to its closure in 2009, the Valley of the Fallen was the third most visited site of the Patrimonio Nacional after only the Royal Palace of Madrid and El Escorial.[51] For the accommodation of visitors a cafeteria restaurant located in the cable car building of the monument has been re-opened.[52] The Valley of the Fallen attracted 254,059 visitors in 2015 and 262,860 visitors in 2016.[53]

text: In popular culture[edit]

text: The Valle de los Caídos appears in Richard Morgan's 2002 novel Altered Carbon, where it is being used as a base of operations for one of the major antagonists, Reileen Kawahara.[54] It also appears in the 2010 Spanish comedy terror film The Last Circus (Spanish: Balada triste de trompeta). Graham Greene's 1982 novel Monsignor Quixote uses a visit to the Valle to illustrate the competing political and social attitudes to Franco's reign and the status of his tomb in modern Spain. In Carlos Saura's Deprisa, Deprisa, a youth gang visits the Valle and makes fun of its alleged pretentiousness, to the shock of pious visitors.

text: There is also a large reference to this monument and the laborers who built it in Victoria Hislop's book The Return. A number of rock crosses, free-standing outdoor stone crosses are to be found in Kerala churches of southern India, many of them from pre-Portuguese times that look exactly like the Valle de los Caídos rock cross but much smaller, of a height of 15–35 ft. But it is possible that these free standing pillars or Nazraney Sthambas employing the socket and cylinder technique to fit the shaft to the base piece and the arms to the shaft and finally the capital to the arms, altogether a four-piece work of precise architecture may have influenced the Spanish missionaries and scholars.[55]

text: In 2013, Spain saw the release of the film All'Ombra Della Croce (A la Sombra de la Cruz)[56] directed by the Italian filmmaker Alessandro Pugno.[57] The film tells the secret story of the children of the chorus who sing every day in the mass.[58] They live in a boarding school inside the monument and receive an education that tries to resist the drift towards secularism and scientism of contemporary Spain and of global society.[59] The film has been awarded with the first prize for the best documentary at Festival de Málaga de Cine Español.

text: In 2016, Mayor of Madrid Manuela Carmena, proposed to change site's name from "El Valle de los Caídos" to "El Valle de la Paz" (The Valley of Peace).[60]

text: The site is also featured in Dan Brown's 2017 book, "Origin: A Novel", about Harvard professor and symbologist Robert Langdon.


document_title: PAW Patrol

question_text: who does the voice of sky in paw patrol

question_tokens: who does the voice of sky in paw patrol

root

text: PAW Patrol

text: Format[edit]

text: Each episode of PAW Patrol follows a similar pattern and features recurring themes. Episodes normally open with a scene depicting the dogs going about their everyday lives, often playing with dog toys or engaging in activities at the local playground. Ryder, a ten-year-old boy, is advised of a problem by receiving a call for help or by witnessing a situation himself. His most frequent caller is an accident-prone marine biologist named Cap'n Turbot, who knows much about Adventure Bay's wildlife. Ryder always alerts the dogs via their blinking pet tags. The team members report to their base, the Lookout, and enter its elevator. Marshall typically arrives last causing a humorous mishap that makes the other dogs laugh as the elevator rises. When they reach the top floor, they arrange themselves in a line. Chase announces that the team is ready for action as Ryder tells the pups what has happened. He chooses several members of the team, normally two first responders, to help solve whatever problem has emerged. They ride a slide down to their vehicles and complete their mission. When they have finished, Ryder says his catchphrase: "Whenever you're in trouble, just yelp for help!", and congratulates the pups.

tag: p

text: Episodes[edit]

text:
Season
Episodes
Originally aired

First aired
Last aired

1
26
August 12, 2013 (2013-08-12)
August 18, 2014 (2014-08-18)

2
26[4]
August 13, 2014 (2014-08-13)
December 4, 2015 (2015-12-04)

3
26
November 20, 2015 (2015-11-20)
January 26, 2017 (2017-01-26)

4
26
February 6, 2017 (2017-02-06)
February 3, 2018 (2018-02-03)

5
26[5]
February 6, 2018 (2018-02-06)[6]
TBA

tag: table

text: Characters[edit]

text: PAW Patrol members[edit]

text: Original members[edit]

text:
Ryder is the human leader of the PAW Patrol. He is a ten-year-old boy who gives the dogs their mission instructions and builds the vehicles and equipment they use. His vehicle is an ATV. He is the only character to be featured in every mission, and the only member to use his vehicle in every episode. He was voiced by Owen Mason from 2013–2015, by Elijha Hammill from 2015–2016, and by Jaxon Mercey from 2016 onward.
Marshall is a Dalmatian. He serves as a firedog and medic. His vehicle is a fire engine, which transforms into an ambulance. He is known for being exceptionally clumsy. A running gag in every episode is that Marshall will encounter some kind of humorous problem while trying to enter the PAW Patrol's elevator. His catchphrase after one of these mishaps is often "I'm good." He was voiced by Gage Munroe from 2013–2015 and by Drew Davis from 2015 onward.
Chase is a German Shepherd. He serves as a police and spy dog. His vehicle is a police car. He is the most mature of the dogs, and will always announce "Ready for action, Ryder, sir!" when the PAW Patrol is called on a mission. He was voiced by Tristan Samuel from 2013–2014, by Max Calinescu from 2014–2018, and by Justin Kelley from 2018 onward.
Rubble is an English bulldog. He serves as a construction dog. His vehicle is a bulldozer. He is often a source of comic relief and usually makes jokes or comments about his love of eating. He is voiced by Devan Cohen.
Rocky is a grey-and-white mongrel of an unspecified breed. He serves as a recycling dog. His vehicle is a recycling truck, which can also transform into a salvage tugboat. A running gag in the series is Rocky's irrational fear of water to the point where he refuses to bathe. He was voiced by Stuart Ralston from 2013–2015 and by Samuel Faraci from 2015 onward.
Zuma is a chocolate Labrador retriever. He serves as an aquatic rescue pup. His vehicle is a hovercraft, which can also convert into a submarine. He was voiced by Alex Thorne from 2013–2017 and by Carter Thorne from 2017 onward.
Skye is a cockapoo. She serves as an aviator. Her vehicle is a helicopter, and she has wings built into her backpack. She is voiced by Kallan Holley.

tag: ul

text: Occasional members[edit]

text:
Cap'n Turbot is the PAW Patrol's most frequent caller, who serves as an occasional member of the team in the Merpup-themed special episodes. He is a marine biologist and the watchman of Adventure Bay. His main vehicle is a boat called the Flounder. In the second season, an orange diving bell is introduced as his second vehicle. He is the team's best human friend and their source of information on all kinds of wildlife in the bay. He is voiced by Ron Pardo. Along with Everest, Cap'n Turbot was added to the opening theme in season three.
Everest is a Siberian husky who serves as a snow rescue dog in emergencies relating to snow or ice. Her vehicle is a snowmobile. Like Tracker, she does not stay with the PAW Patrol and instead lives at Adventure Bay's ski resort, but will answer a call for assistance whenever her services are needed. She is voiced by Berkley Silverman. Everest, along with Cap'n Turbot, was added to the opening theme in season three.
Tracker is a brown-and-white chihuahua who serves as a jungle rescue pup. His vehicle is a Jeep, and he is bilingual, speaking fluently in Spanish and English. Like Everest, he does not stay with the PAW Patrol and instead resides in the jungle with his human caretaker, a boy named Carlos. He is voiced by David Lopez. As of season four, he and Robo-Dog have not been added to the opening theme.
Robo-Dog is a robotic dog introduced in "Pups Save Ryder's Robot." He serves as the driver of the PAW Patrol's multi-member vehicles. Unlike the other pups, Robo-Dog does not speak in sentences and only communicates through barks. His vehicle (the PAW Patroller) was added to the opening theme in season three, but Robo-Dog himself does not appear.

text: Recurring[edit]

text:
Mayor Goodway is the overdramatic but friendly mayor of Adventure Bay. She owns a pet chicken named Chickaletta, whom she keeps in her purse. She shares a rivalry with Mayor Humdinger of the neighbouring town Foggy Bottom. She is voiced by Deann Degruijter.
Chickaletta is the mayor's pet chicken. She is not quick-witted or observant and often unintentionally causes trouble for herself and Mayor Goodway. She is introduced in "Pup Pup and Away" when she jumps into Mayor Goodway's purse during a hot air balloon race.
Francois Turbot is Cap'n Turbot's cousin and sidekick, who lives with him in the Seal Island lighthouse. He is very self-centered and loves to show off. Francois works as a zoologist and nature photographer. He has a thick French accent and often uses French phrases in place of English words. He is voiced by Peter Cugno.
Wally is Cap'n Turbot's pet walrus, who lives in the waters surrounding Seal Island. He has a wife named Walinda and an unnamed baby child. Although he cannot talk, Ryder and Cap'n Turbot can understand Wally when he communicates by barking and moving his flippers.
Katie is a girl Ryder's age. She runs Adventure Bay's pet clinic. She is voiced by Katherine Forrester.
Cali is Katie's pet cat. She has lavender-colored fur. Her meows are provided by Julie Lemieux.
Mayor Humdinger is the mayor of a neighbouring town called Foggy Bottom who is Mayor Goodway's rival. He lives in a cave and leads a team of troublesome cats called the Kitten Catastrophe Crew. He is voiced by Ron Pardo.
The Kitten Catastrophe Crew is Mayor Humdinger's group of cats who closely resemble the six main PAW Patrol pups. Each one is equipped with a uniform and a tool pack that mirror a particular pup's outfits and abilities.
Mr. Porter is a grocer in Adventure Bay. He is voiced by Blair Williams.
Alex Porter is Mr. Porter's young grandson. He is voiced by Christian Distefano.
Farmer Yumi and Farmer Al are two married farmers who live near Adventure Bay. They own a barn and have several animals, such as a pair of pigs and a cow. Farmer Yumi was voiced by Hiromi Okuyama from 2013–2014 and by Stephany Seki from 2014 onward. Farmer Al is voiced by Ron Pardo.
Jake is the owner of a ski resort near Adventure Bay. He becomes Everest's caretaker after she is introduced. He is voiced by Scott McCord.
Carlos is a jungle explorer who is Tracker's caretaker. He was voiced by Lucius Hoyos and later by Jaiden Cannatelli.
Danny is a daredevil boy who appears in the third season episode "Pups Save Daring Danny X".
Sweetie is a villainous pup and the pet of the Princess of Barkingburg. She acts as an antagonist in "Mission PAW"-themed episodes in the fourth season. She is voiced by Anya Cooke.

Busby is Sweetie's chew toy, robot minion and sidekick.

text: Production[edit]

text: According to Spin Master, the concept for PAW Patrol stemmed from a prototype for a transforming truck toy that Spin Master co-founder Ronnen Harary designed in 2010.[7] Later the same year, the company requested proposals for a television show based on the transforming toy, and accepted one from Bob the Builder creator Keith Chapman. Chapman sketched early designs of the PAW Patrol team under the working title Raffi & the Rescue Dogs. Spin Master hired toy designers to develop the format further; after the concept was in place, they began designing merchandise.[8]

text: Chapman's original pitch focused on the idea that the six PAW Patrol dogs were rescued by Ryder before joining the team. Scott Kraft, the show's first writer, and Jamie Whitney, the show's first director, decided to abandon the rescued dog theme in 2012. The name of the series' protagonist, Ryder, was changed multiple times during production; he was originally called Raffi, Roddy, and Robbie before Spin Master settled on Ryder.

text: According to a 2017 Spin Master interview, "everything pup-related was debated endlessly: names, sizes, ages, breeds."[9] The pups' designs underwent major changes after Chapman's pitch; they were originally very realistic, with unique fur and textures based on their breeds, but they were later simplified and made more cartoonish. The visual appearance of Cap'n Turbot, mainly his distinctive bead eyes and large nose, was based on the design of Chapman's Bob the Builder character. Ryder's hairstyle was based on that of Ronnen Harary.[9]

text: In January 2012, Spin Master began approaching television broadcasters. The company negotiated a broadcast partnership with Nickelodeon, and the network first announced that it had picked up PAW Patrol at the 2013 Licensing Expo in Las Vegas, Nevada.[10] The series became Spin Master's first solely-owned intellectual property (IP)[11] once it was released in August 2013.[12]

text: Since it began production, the show's animation has been provided by Guru Studio. In a 2016 interview with Maclean's Magazine, Guru president Frank Falcone stated that his studio's animators were originally suspicious of the show's "toyetic" concept.[13] The series' rock-inspired[14] original score was composed by the Ontario-based group Voodoo Highway Music & Post. The opening theme song, and the ending song used in each episode include vocals performed by Scott Simons.

text: With each season of the show, new supporting characters and themes are introduced in its episodes. In a May 2016 interview for the Toronto Star, Spin Master president Ben Gadbois stated that his company would continue to introduce additional characters and concepts to increase the franchise's longevity and to expand upon the success of tie-in merchandise.[15] In August of the same year, Ronnen Harary explained that these changes were intended to keep the show's content "fresh" and "relevant".[16]

text: The first season aired from August 2013 to August 2014. The second season premiered in August 2014; in Canada, it concluded in September 2015 and in the United States, it concluded in December 2015. A third season premiered in November 2015. A fourth season premiered February 6, 2017. Spin Master has confirmed that fifth and sixth seasons are in development.[17] The fifth season premiered on February 6, 2018.[18]

text: Release[edit]

text: Broadcast[edit]

text: The series has been sold to TV networks in over 160 countries.[19]

text: In Canada, the series is shown on TVOKids,[20] Knowledge Kids, Télé-Québec and City Kids. In the United States, the series is aired on Nickelodeon with reruns on Nick Jr.

text: As required for Canadian programs aired on federally-funded networks, PAW Patrol has been dubbed in French for Quebec broadcasts and for its broadcast in France on TF1.[21] Canal Panda airs a European Portuguese dub.[22] A British English dub, which uses the same scripts as the Canadian version with minor changes, is shown on Channel 5 and Nick Jr. UK.[23] Anione, JEI TV, and KBS have all broadcast the Korean-dubbed version.[24] The show has been aired in the Icelandic language on Iceland's public broadcaster RÚV since 2015.[25] The first two seasons were shown in Finnish on Yle TV2.[26] The video on demand platform Le.com obtained broadcast rights for a Mandarin Chinese-dubbed version of PAW Patrol in April 2016.[27]

text: In July 2016, film distribution company Notorious Pictures acquired the rights to an Italian theatrical release of the series.[28] Six episodes of PAW Patrol were screened as a package film in select Italian cinemas from December 22, 2016 until January 8 of the following year.[29] Sabahat Khan, of Spin Master partner RBC Capital Markets, has stated that he "wouldn't be surprised by a [North American] feature film down the line."[3] In November 2017, Ronnen Harary confirmed that Spin Master is "currently considering whether to extend the PAW Patrol franchise into feature films at some point in the next 12 to 24 months."[30]

text: DVD releases[edit]

text:
Title
Region 1
Region 2

PAW Patrol
May 13, 2014
March 30, 2015

Winter Rescues
October 7, 2014[31]
October 19, 2015

Marshall and Chase On the Case!
March 3, 2015[32]
July 27, 2015

Pups and the Pirate Treasure
N/A
March 4, 2016

Meet Everest!
September 1, 2015[33]
July 18, 2016

Brave Heroes, Big Rescues
March 1, 2016[34]
February 13, 2017

All Wings on Deck
N/A
October 24, 2016

Sports Day!
Game On!
August 2, 2016[35]
May 22, 2017

Pups Save Christmas
November 1, 2016[36]
October 31, 2016

Pups Save the Bunnies
Easter Egg Hunt
March 7, 2017[37]
March 13, 2017

Air Pups
N/A
July 17, 2017

The Great Pirate Rescue!
September 5, 2017[38]
N/A

The Great Snow Rescue
October 24, 2017[39]

Sea Patrol
March 6, 2018[40]

Summer Rescues
May 1, 2018[41]

text: Reception[edit]

text: Ratings[edit]

text: PAW Patrol has received consistently high ratings on Nickelodeon. Viacom CEO Philippe Dauman cited the series as a source of Nickelodeon's 2014 ratings growth.[42] It ranked as the highest-rated, preschool TV program in the United States in November 2013[43] and held that position throughout the spring 2014 season.[44] The spot was briefly overtaken by Team Umizoomi reruns in July 2016, but PAW Patrol reclaimed the title later the same month.[45] Bloomberg L.P. described PAW Patrol as part of a "creative resurgence" that increased the Nick Jr. channel's viewership in 2016.[46] At Nickelodeon's 2016 upfront presentation for future advertisers, Cyma Zarghami named PAW Patrol one of two preschool shows to have significantly helped boost ratings for the network (the other being Blaze and the Monster Machines).[47]

text: In March 2015, two back-to-back premieres of the show ranked among the top twenty weekday showings (among total viewers) in Australia.[48] In May 2015, it was reported that PAW Patrol broadcasts on TF1 had been viewed by 45 per cent of households in France with preschool-aged children.[49]

text: Critical reception[edit]

text: Common Sense Media reviewer Emily Ashby gave the show a four-star rating, stating that "perhaps the show's best attribute is how it demonstrates the value of thoughtful problem-solving".[50] Randy Miller of DVD Talk recommended the show, calling it "packed with all the harmless action and cornball jokes that kids ... can't help but snicker at".[51] Stuff.co.nz reviewer Pattie Pegler also wrote favourably of the series, but felt that some of the characters "seem rather arbitrary, like Rocky the Recycling Pup".[52] The About Group's Carey Bryson gave the series a mixed review, criticizing its "formulaic" nature but affirming that the "show is not without funny moments".[14]

text: A research study, commissioned by Sky in March 2016, reported that 16 per cent of surveyed British and Irish children named PAW Patrol as their favourite program.[53]

text: Criticism has been directed toward the show's unequal gender representation because the team of dogs is primarily male and includes only one main female. Cat Conway of Dan Abrams' The Mary Sue rhetorically asked, "the police pup, firefighting pup, builder pup, sea-rescue pup, and whatever the hell Rocky does are all coded male, because of course you couldn't have a female police dog, could you?"[54] Brandy King of the Center on Media and Child Health "found the gender imbalance immediately noticeable" while watching the program.[55] Today's Parent noted in April 2015 that PAW Patrol images appeared frequently on Twitter with the hashtag "#IncludeTheGirls".[56]

text: Accolades[edit]

text: In 2014, the series' theme song was nominated for Outstanding Original Song – Main Title and Promo in the 41st Daytime Creative Arts Emmy Awards.[57] In 2016, the season two episode "Pups Save a Mer-Pup" was nominated for Best Animated Television/Broadcast Production for Preschool Children in the 43rd Annie Awards.[58] As of 2017, PAW Patrol has received four Canadian Screen Award nominations, winning one of them in 2016[59] and two in 2017.[60]

text:
Year
Award
Category
Nominee
Result
Ref.

2014
41st Daytime Creative Arts Emmy Awards
Outstanding Original Song – Main Title and Promo
Scott Krippayne
Smidi Smith
Nominated
[61]

Parents' Choice Foundation
"Fun Stuff" Award
Spin Master
Won
[62]

Environmental Media Awards
Environmental Media Award in Children's Television
Spin Master
Won
[63]

2015
Toy of the Year Awards
Property of the Year, 2015
Spin Master
Nominated
[64]

Preschool Toy of the Year, 2015
Spin Master
Nominated
[64]

2016
Toy of the Year Awards
Property of the Year, 2016
Spin Master
Nominated
[65]

43rd Annie Awards
Best Animated Television/Broadcast Production for Preschool Children
Spin Master
Nominated
[58]

4th Canadian Screen Awards
Best Pre-School Program or Series
Spin Master
Nominated
[66]

Best Direction in an Animated Program or Series
Jamie Whitney
Won
[66]

Licensing.biz People Awards
Licensee Team of the Year
Spin Master
Won
[67]

Australian Toy Association
Preschool License of the Year
Spin Master
Won
[68]

Canadian Cinema Editors Awards
Best Editing in Animation
Tom Berger
Nominated
[69]

SOCAN Awards
International TV Series Music Award
Voodoo Highway Music & Post
Won
[70]

2017
5th Canadian Screen Awards
Best Pre-School Program or Series
Spin Master
Won
[60]

Best Direction in an Animated Program or Series
Jamie Whitney
Won
[60]

text: Merchandise[edit]

text: On May 18, 2014, Spin Master introduced a toy line based on the television series at Toys "R" Us locations across Canada.[71] The line was not distributed to international markets until June 22 of the same year.[72] Dion Vlachos, a representative from Nickelodeon, was in charge of the U.S. product launch.[73]

text: PAW Patrol has since become one of Spin Master's most profitable brands. Analysts for the National Bank of Canada reported that toys and games based on the show accounted for approximately $245 million U.S. (or 25 per cent) of Spin Master's gross product sales for 2015.[3] Spin Master chairman Anton Rabie noted in August 2016 that the "continuing strength" of PAW Patrol toys, in addition to new acquisitions and movie licenses, made up 40.5 per cent of the firm's second quarter revenue.[74] Marketing manager Emma Eden said that the toys were responsible for increasing the company's presence in the preschool market.[75] Throughout 2016, Spin Master's revenue grew more in this market than in any other toy category. PAW Patrol has been cited as the sole reason for this.[76]

text: The NPD Group named PAW Patrol the top new toy brand of 2015 in the United Kingdom.[77] The group also reported that it was the best-selling preschool license in France in the first quarter of 2015.[49] Dave Brandon, the chief executive officer of Toys "R" Us, listed the PAW Patroller vehicle toy as one of the 2015 holiday season's "hottest" items.[78][79] Argos the U.K. catalogue retailer included the PAW Patrol Air Patroller vehicle on its list of the toys it predicts will be bestsellers during the Christmas 2016 season.[80]

text: Live events[edit]

text: In April 2016, a stage show titled PAW Patrol Live: Race to the Rescue was announced.[81] The show features the PAW Patrol characters competing in a race. It toured Canada, the United States, Mexico, Australia and the Philippines.[82][83] A sequel show, titled PAW Patrol Live: The Great Pirate Adventure, was announced in June 2017. It follows the PAW Patrol as they rescue Cap'n Turbot from a cavern, and it will tour the same countries as its predecessor.[84] The shows are produced by VStar Entertainment Group, which is best known for producing the popular Sesame Street Live touring shows for 37 years.

text: Mascots based on the PAW Patrol characters have appeared at events across Canada, the United States, and the United Kingdom. They joined an "Etch A Sketch Day" celebration at Spin Master's office in Toronto on July 26, 2016.[85] The characters, along with replicas of the Lookout tower from the program, were included as part of the Nick Jr. Play Date Tour in autumn 2015.[86] Marshall and Chase made appearances at shopping malls throughout Nottingham, Suffolk, and Somerset in the U.K. in the summer of 2016.[87] Multiple meet-and-greet events attracted far more attendees than expected, with some reaching over 5,000 visitors.[88][89] They appeared for the first time in Northern Ireland at Glenarm Castle on July 13, 2016.[90] They are scheduled to appear regularly in a Nickelodeon-themed area of the Thurrock's Lakeside Shopping Centre located on the outskirts of London, England.[91]

text: Unauthorized productions and events featuring the show's characters have attracted the attention of the show's distributor. In February 2016, several Greene King pubs in the U.K. scheduled breakfast events with costumed characters modelled after the pups. Nickelodeon forced the chain to stop every event by threatening a lawsuit if they went ahead.[92] There was some consumer backlash as a result, but the events were not held.[93]


document_title: Pirates of the Caribbean (film series)

question_text: what is the name of the latest pirates of the caribbean movie

text: Pirates of the Caribbean (film series)

text: Films[edit]

text: The Curse of the Black Pearl (2003)[edit]

text: Blacksmith Will Turner teams up with eccentric pirate Captain Jack Sparrow to save Turner's love, Elizabeth Swann, from cursed pirates led by Jack's mutinous former first mate, Captain Barbossa. Jack wants revenge against Barbossa, who left him stranded on an island before stealing his ship, the Black Pearl, along with 882 pieces of cursed Aztec Gold.

text: Dead Man's Chest (2006)[edit]

text: Lord Cutler Beckett of the East India Trading Company arrests Will and Elizabeth for aiding Captain Jack Sparrow in the previous film. Beckett offers clemency if Will agrees to search for Jack's compass in a bid to find the Dead Man's Chest – and inside, the heart of villainous Davy Jones – which would give Beckett control of the seas. However, Jack wants the Chest to escape from an unpaid debt with Jones, who made Jack captain of the Black Pearl for 13 years in exchange for 100 years of service aboard Jones' ship, the Flying Dutchman.

text: At World's End (2007)[edit]

text: Lord Beckett gains power over Davy Jones and, with the help of the Flying Dutchman, he is now executing his plans to extinguish piracy forever. To stand against the East India Trading Co., Will, Elizabeth, Barbossa, and the crew of the Black Pearl set out to rescue Captain Jack Sparrow from Davy Jones' Locker. As one of the Nine Pirate Lords, Jack is needed in order to release an ancient goddess with the power to defeat Beckett's forces.

text: On Stranger Tides (2011)[edit]

text: Captain Jack Sparrow is on a quest to find the fabled Fountain of Youth and crosses paths with a former lover, Angelica. She forces Jack aboard the Queen Anne's Revenge, a ship captained by the infamous pirate Blackbeard, Angelica's father. Both are also in search of the Fountain; Angelica to save her father's soul, Blackbeard to escape a prophecy of his demise at the hands of a one-legged man. Joining the hunt is former pirate captain Barbossa, now a privateer in King George II's Navy, who is in a race against the Spanish for the Fountain of Youth.

text: Dead Men Tell No Tales (2017)[edit]

text: Ghost Spanish Royal Navy soldiers led by Jack Sparrow's old nemesis, Captain Armando Salazar, escape from the Devil's Triangle, with the goal of killing every pirate at sea, including him. To survive, Jack seeks out the legendary Trident of Poseidon, a powerful artifact whose owner can control the seas and break curses.[2]

text: Pirates of the Caribbean 6 (TBA)[edit]

text: Shortly before the release of On Stranger Tides, it was reported that Disney was planning to shoot the fifth and the sixth films back-to-back,[3] although it was later revealed that only the fifth film was in development. On March 4, 2017, director Joachim Rønning stated that Dead Men was only the beginning of the final adventure, implying that it would not be the last film of the franchise and that a sixth film could be realized.[4]

text: In September 2017, producer Jerry Bruckheimer indicated that another Pirates sequel is still possible if Dead Men Tell No Tales does well in its home release.[5] In October 2017, Kaya Scodelario said that she was contracted to return for a sixth film.[6] Shortly after, it was announced that Joachim Rønning is being eyed to direct the film.[7]

text: Short film[edit]

text: Tales of the Code: Wedlocked (2011)[edit]

text: Wenches Scarlett (Lauren Maher) and Giselle (Vanessa Branch) fix each other up for their wedding, in which they would each marry their groom. Upon realizing that both their grooms were the same man – Jack Sparrow – the two wenches find themselves in an auction led by the Auctioneer. The short film serves as a prequel to The Curse of the Black Pearl, explaining just why Jack Sparrow's boat, the Jolly Mon, was seen sinking at the beginning of the whole story, and explaining why wenches Scarlett and Giselle were so upset with him, and it also implies how Cotton lost his tongue. The plot took inspiration from the "Auction scene" from the original ride.

text: The short was directed by James Ward Byrkit,[8] and was only included as a special feature in the US 15 disc 3D Blu-ray/2D Blu-ray/DVD + Digital Copy box set that includes films 1–4; and in the similar UK 5-disc set.

text: Production[edit]

text: First film[edit]

text: In the early 1990s[9] screenwriters Ted Elliott and Terry Rossio conceived a supernatural spin on the pirate genre after completing work on Aladdin, but there was no interest from any studio. Undeterred, the writing team refused to give up the dream, waiting for a studio to pick up their take on a pirate tale.[10] Disney had Jay Wolpert write a script based on the Pirates of the Caribbean, which producer Jerry Bruckheimer rejected, feeling it was "a straight pirate movie".[11] Bruckheimer brought Stuart Beattie in to rewrite the script in March 2002, due to his knowledge of piracy,[12] and later that month Elliott and Rossio were brought in.[11] Elliott and Rossio, inspired by the opening narration of the Pirates of the Caribbean ride, decided to give the film a supernatural edge.[13] As the budget rose, Michael Eisner and Robert Iger threatened to cancel the film, though Bruckheimer changed their minds when he showed them concept art and animatics.[14]

text: In June 2002 Gore Verbinski signed on to direct The Curse of the Black Pearl, and Johnny Depp and Geoffrey Rush signed on the following month to star.[12] Verbinski was attracted to the idea of using modern technology to resurrect a genre, one that had disappeared after the Golden Age of Hollywood, and recalled his childhood memories of the ride, feeling the film was an opportunity to pay tribute to the "scary and funny" tone of it. Depp was attracted to the story as he found it quirky: rather than trying to find treasure, the crew of the Black Pearl were trying to return it in order to lift their curse; also, the traditional mutiny had already taken place. Verbinski approached Rush for the role of Barbossa, as he knew he would not play it with attempts at complexity, but with a simple villainy that would suit the story's tone.[15] Orlando Bloom read the script after Rush, with whom he was working on Ned Kelly, suggested it to him.[16] Keira Knightley came as a surprise to Verbinski: he had not seen her performance in Bend It Like Beckham and was impressed by her audition.[15] Tom Wilkinson was negotiated with to play Governor Swann,[12] but the role went to Jonathan Pryce, whom Depp idolized.[15]

text: Shooting for The Curse of the Black Pearl began on October 9, 2002 and wrapped by March 7, 2003.[12] Before its release, many executives and journalists had expected the film to flop, as the pirate genre had not been successful for years, the film was based on a theme-park ride, and Depp rarely made a big film.[17] However, The Curse of the Black Pearl became both a critical and commercial success.

text: Second and third films[edit]

text: After seeing how well the first film was made, the cast and crew signed for two sequels to be shot back-to-back,[18] a practical decision on Disney's part to allow more time with the same cast and crew.[19] Writers Ted Elliott and Terry Rossio knew that with an ensemble cast, they weren't free to invent totally different situations and characters, as with the Indiana Jones and James Bond series, and so had to retroactively turn The Curse of the Black Pearl into the first of a trilogy.[20] They wanted to explore the reality of what would happen after Will Turner and Elizabeth Swann's embrace at the end of the first film, and initially considered the Fountain of Youth as the plot device.[21] They settled on introducing Davy Jones, the Flying Dutchman and the Kraken, a mythology mentioned twice in the first film. They introduced the historical East India Trading Company (also mentioned in the first film), which for them represented a counterpoint to the themes of personal freedom represented by pirates.[22]

text: Filming for the sequels began on February 28, 2005,[23] with Dead Man's Chest finishing on March 1, 2006,[24] and At World's End on January 10, 2007.[25] The second film was also the first Disney theatrical feature film with the computer-generated Walt Disney Pictures logo.[26]

text: Fourth film[edit]

text: Rossio and Elliot discovered the novel On Stranger Tides during production of Dead Man's Chest and At World's End and decided to use it as the basis for a fourth film. As Gore Verbinski was unavailable, Bruckheimer invited Rob Marshall to direct the film.[27] Elliott and Rossio decided to do a stand-alone film,[28] with a story that would support new characters,[29] and incorporate elements from the novel, such as Blackbeard, the Fountain of Youth and mermaids—the latter two having been already alluded to in the previous films.[30] Depp, Rush, Greg Ellis and Kevin McNally returned to their roles,[31] and the cast saw the additions of Ian McShane as Blackbeard and Penélope Cruz as Angelica, Blackbeard's daughter and Jack Sparrow's love interest.[32] A further addition was Richard Griffiths as King George II of Great Britain. After the costly production of two simultaneous films, Disney tried to scale down the fourth installment, giving a lower budget,[33] which led to cheaper locations and fewer scenes with special effects.[34] It was also filmed in 3D, with cameras similar to the ones used in Avatar.[27]

text: Filming for On Stranger Tides began June 14, 2010 and ended on November 19, 2010.[34][35] It was released in the United States on May 20, 2011.[36] With a budget of $378.5 million, On Stranger Tides holds the record for most expensive film ever made.

text: Fifth film[edit]

text: On January 14, 2011, it was confirmed that Terry Rossio would write the screenplay for the fifth installment, without his co-writer Ted Elliott.[37] On January 11, 2013, Jeff Nathanson signed on to write the script for the film. On May 29, 2013, it was announced that Norwegian directors Joachim Rønning and Espen Sandberg were selected to direct.[38] On August 22, 2013, the two revealed that the title of the fifth film would be Dead Men Tell No Tales, alluding to the line well-known from the Pirates of the Caribbean theme park attractions.[39][40][41] Although, the film was given an alternative title, Salazar's Revenge, in selected European, South American and Asian countries for marketing purposes.[42][43] They also confirmed that they were working on the film, speaking highly of Jeff Nathanson's "funny and touching" script and that they are inspired by the first film, The Curse of the Black Pearl.[44][45] On September 10, 2013, Disney pushed back the film's initial 2015 release,[46] with sources indicating that a Summer 2016 release is likely.[47] Producer Jerry Bruckheimer revealed that script issues were behind the delay, and that Jeff Nathanson was at work on a second attempt based on a well-received outline.[48] While Disney originally announced a release on July 7, 2017,[49][50] Dead Men Tell No Tales was released on May 26, 2017.[51]

text: A spokesman for the Australian Arts Minister confirmed that the fifth installment was set to shoot in Australia after the government agreed to repurpose $20 million of tax incentives originally intended for the remake of 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea.[52] According to Australian film industry sources, pre-production started in late September 2014 with filming expected to commence in February 2015.[53] This was officially confirmed by Disney and Ian Walker the Queensland Arts Minister on October 2, 2014, stating that filming will take place exclusively in Australia, being the largest production to ever shoot in the country. Village Roadshow Studios and Port Douglas were officially confirmed as filming locations.[54] Production began in Australia on February 17, 2015 and wrapped on July 9, 2015.[55]

text: Principal cast[edit]

text:
This table shows the recurring characters and the actors who have portrayed them throughout the franchise.
A dark grey cell indicates the character was not in the film, or that the character's presence in the film has not yet been announced.
A C indicates a cameo appearance.
A L indicates an appearance wherein an actor's facial features were digitally imprinted upon another actor's face.
A Y indicates an appearance as a younger version of a pre-existing character.

text:
Character
Films

The Curse of the Black Pearl
(2003)
Dead Man's Chest
(2006)
At World's End
(2007)
On Stranger Tides
(2011)
Dead Men Tell No Tales
(2017)

Captain Jack Sparrow
Johnny Depp[15][18][56]
Johnny Depp[57][58]

Anthony De La TorreY[59]

Captain Hector Barbossa
Geoffrey Rush[15][18][60][58]

Joshamee Gibbs
Kevin McNally[18][61][58]

William "Will" Turner, Jr.
Orlando Bloom[62]

Dylan SmithY
Orlando Bloom[18]

Orlando BloomC[63]

Elizabeth Swann
Pirate King
Keira Knightley[15]

Lucinda DryzekY[64][65]
Keira Knightley[18]

Keira KnightleyC[66]

Marty
Martin Klebba[67][18]

Martin Klebba

James Norrington
Jack Davenport[67][18]

Weatherby Swann
Jonathan Pryce[67][15][18]

Pintel
Lee Arenberg[67][18]

Ragetti
Mackenzie Crook[67][18]

Cotton
David Bailie[67][18]

Mullroy
Angus Barnett[67]

Angus Barnett[68]

Angus Barnett[69]

Murtogg
Giles New[67]

Giles New[68]

Giles New[69]

Theodore Groves
Greg Ellis[67]

Greg Ellis[68][61]

Gillette
Damian O'Hare[67]

Damian O'Hare[70]

Anamaria
Zoe Saldana[67][71]

Davy Jones

Bill Nighy[72]

  Silhouette onlyC[73][74]

William Turner, Sr.
Bootstrap Bill

Stellan Skarsgård[75]

Cutler Beckett

Tom Hollander[76]

Tia Dalma
Calypso

Naomie Harris[77]

Sao Feng

Chow Yun-fat[78]

Captain Edward Teague

Keith Richards[79][80]
Alexander ScheerY

Keith RichardsL[81]

Henry Turner

Dominic Scott Kay

Brenton Thwaites[82][58]

Lewis McGowanY[83]

Scrum

Stephen Graham[84][58]

Captain Edward Teach
Blackbeard

Ian McShane[85]

Angelica Teach

Penélope Cruz[85]

Philip Swift

Sam Claflin[86]

Syrena

Àstrid Bergès-Frisbey[87][88]

Captain Armando Salazar

Javier Bardem[58]

Carina Barbossa
Carina Smyth

Kaya Scodelario[58]

"Uncle" Jack Teague

Paul McCartney[89]

text: Crew[edit]

text:
Film
U.S. release date
Director(s)
Screenwriter(s)
Story by
Cinematographer
Producer

The Curse of the Black Pearl
July 9, 2003 (2003-07-09)
Gore Verbinski[90][18]
Ted Elliott & Terry Rossio[13][91][18]
Ted Elliott & Terry Rossio and Stuart Beattie and Jay Wolpert[13]
Dariusz Wolski
[67][92][68][93]
Jerry Bruckheimer
[91][94][18][27][58]

Dead Man's Chest
July 7, 2006 (2006-07-07)
Ted Elliott & Terry Rossio[18]

At World's End
May 25, 2007 (2007-05-25)

On Stranger Tides
May 20, 2011 (2011-05-20)
Rob Marshall[27][95]
Ted Elliott & Terry Rossio
(Based on: On Stranger Tides by Tim Powers)[95]

Dead Men Tell No Tales
May 26, 2017 (2017-05-26)
Joachim Rønning & Espen Sandberg[38]
Jeff Nathanson[96]
Jeff Nathanson and Terry Rossio[97][96]
Paul Cameron[58]

text: Music[edit]

text: Film soundtracks[edit]

text:
Title
U.S. release date
Length
Composer(s)
Label

Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl (Original Soundtrack)
July 22, 2003 (2003-07-22)
43:50
Klaus Badelt and Hans Zimmer[67]
Walt Disney Records

Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Man's Chest (Soundtrack from the Motion Picture)
July 4, 2006 (2006-07-04)
58:32
Hans Zimmer[92][68]

Pirates of the Caribbean: At World's End (Soundtrack from the Motion Picture)
May 22, 2007 (2007-05-22)
55:50

Pirates of the Caribbean: On Stranger Tides (Soundtrack from the Motion Picture)
May 17, 2011 (2011-05-17)
77:11
Hans Zimmer and Rodrigo y Gabriela[98][99]

Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Men Tell No Tales (Soundtrack from the Motion Picture)
May 25, 2017 (2017-05-25)
75:20
Geoff Zanelli[100]

text: Reception[edit]

text: Box office performance[edit]

text:
Film
U.S. release date
Box office gross
All-time Ranking
Budget
Ref(s)

North America
Other territories
Worldwide
North America
Worldwide

The Curse of the Black Pearl
000000002003-07-09-0000July 9, 2003
$305,413,918
$348,850,097
$654,264,015
64
108
$140 million
[101]

Dead Man's Chest
000000002006-07-07-0000July 7, 2006
$423,315,812
$642,863,913
$1,066,179,725
17
21
$225 million
[102]

At World's End
000000002007-05-25-0000May 25, 2007
$309,420,425
$654,000,000
$963,420,425
61
35
$300 million
[103]

On Stranger Tides
000000002011-05-20-0000May 20, 2011
$241,071,802
$804,642,000
$1,045,713,802
119
23
$378.5 million
[104][105]

Dead Men Tell No Tales
000000002017-05-26-0000May 26, 2017
$172,558,876
$622,221,339
$794,780,215
254
69
$230-$320 million
[106]

Total
$7009145178083300000♠1,451,780,833
$7009307257734900000♠3,072,577,349
$7009452435818200000♠4,524,358,182
12
9
$1.274 billion
[107]

text: The Pirates of the Caribbean film series was successful at the box office, with each film grossing over $650 million, and all but Dead Men Tell No Tales at some point ranking among the fifty highest-grossing films of all time. It also became the first ever series to have multiple films passing the billion dollar mark in box office revenues with Dead Man's Chest and On Stranger Tides,[108] since followed by other film franchises.

text: The Curse of the Black Pearl was the third highest-grossing 2003 film in North America (behind The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King and Finding Nemo) and fourth worldwide (behind The Return of the King, Finding Nemo and The Matrix Reloaded).[109] Dead Man's Chest was the most successful film of 2006 worldwide,[110] and At World's End led the worldwide grosses in 2007, though being only fourth in North America (behind Spider-Man 3, Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix and Shrek the Third).[111] On Stranger Tides was the third highest-grossing film of 2011 worldwide (behind Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2 and Transformers: Dark of the Moon) and the fifth in North America.[112] The first three sequels broke box office records upon release, of which the most notable are the opening-weekend record in North America (Dead Man's Chest),[113] the Memorial-Day weekend record in North America (At World's End)[114] and the opening-weekend record outside North America (On Stranger Tides).[115]

text: Critical and public response[edit]

text:
Film
Rotten Tomatoes
Metacritic
CinemaScore

The Curse of the Black Pearl
79% (210 reviews)[116]
63 (40 reviews)[117]
A[118]

Dead Man's Chest
54% (220 reviews)[119]
53 (37 reviews)[120]
A−[118]

At World's End
45% (220 reviews)[121]
50 (36 reviews)[122]
A−[118]

On Stranger Tides
32% (262 reviews)[123]
45 (39 reviews)[124]
B+[118]

Dead Men Tell No Tales
30% (230 reviews)[125]
39 (45 reviews)[126]
A−[118]

text: The series is noted for its high quality of acting talent, and is one of the aspects of the films that is always praised.[127][128][129][130][131][132] The visual and practical effects are considered some of the best ever done on film,[131][132][133][134] so much so that audiences believed certain CGI elements of the films were real and done practically.[135][136][137][138] However, the plots of the four sequels have received mixed reviews, with the general consensus that they are too bloated and convoluted to follow.[139][140][141][142][143] Pirates of the Caribbean is noted for reinvigorating the pirate genre of film after decades of either no pirate films or failed pirate films.[144] The success of the series saw Disney and Jerry Bruckheimer try to replicate the franchise's success by launching films such as Prince of Persia: The Sands of Time and The Lone Ranger, the latter of which directed by Gore Verbinski. Both movies failed critically and commercially.[145][146][147][148]

text: Accolades[edit]

text: Academy Awards[edit]

text: Together, all the first three films were nominated for a total of 11 Academy Awards, of which a single award was won.

text:
Award
Film

The Curse of the Black Pearl
Dead Man's Chest
At World's End
On Stranger Tides
Dead Men Tell No Tales

Actor in a Leading Role
Nominated[137][149]
(Johnny Depp)

Art Direction

Nominated[150]

Makeup
Nominated[137][149]

Nominated[151]

Sound Editing
Nominated[137][149]
Nominated[150]

Sound Mixing
Nominated[137][149]
Nominated[150]

Visual Effects
Nominated[137][149]
Won[150]
Nominated[151]

text: Golden Globe Awards[edit]

text: Together, all the four films were nominated for a total of 2 Golden Globe Awards, of which neither were won.

text:
Award
Film

The Curse of the Black Pearl
Dead Man's Chest
At World's End
On Stranger Tides
Dead Men Tell No Tales

Best Actor in a Motion Picture – Comedy or Musical
Nominated
(Johnny Depp)
Nominated
(Johnny Depp)

text: MTV Movie Awards[edit]

text: Together, all the first three films were nominated for a total of 13 MTV Movie Awards, of which 4 were won.

text:
Award
Film

The Curse of the Black Pearl
Dead Man's Chest
At World's End
On Stranger Tides
Dead Men Tell No Tales

Best Movie
Nominated
Won
Nominated

Best Male Performance
Won
(Johnny Depp)
Won
(Johnny Depp)

Best Female Performance

Nominated
(Keira Knightley)
Nominated
(Keira Knightley)

Best Breakthrough Female Performance
Nominated
(Keira Knightley)

Best On-Screen Team
Nominated
(Johnny Depp & Orlando Bloom)

Best Villain
Nominated
(Geoffrey Rush)
Nominated
(Bill Nighy)

Best Comedic Performance
Nominated
(Johnny Depp)

Won
(Johnny Depp)

text: Teen Choice Awards[edit]

text: Together, the first four films were nominated for a total of 25 Teen Choice Awards, of which 16 were won.

text:
Award
Film

The Curse of the Black Pearl
Dead Man's Chest
At World's End
On Stranger Tides
Dead Men Tell No Tales

Choice Movie: Chemistry
Won
(Orlando Bloom & Keira Knightley)

Choice Movie: Fight/Action Sequence
Won
(Johnny Depp vs Geoffrey Rush)

Choice Movie: Liar
Won
(Johnny Depp)

Choice Movie: Liplock
Won
(Orlando Bloom & Keira Knightley)
Won
(Orlando Bloom & Keira Knightley)

Nominated
(Orlando Bloom & Keira Knightley)

Choice Movie: Female Breakout Star
Nominated
(Keira Knightley)

Choice Movie Actor

Won
(Johnny Depp)
Won
(Johnny Depp)
Nominated
(Johnny Depp)
Nominated
(Johnny Depp)

Nominated
(Orlando Bloom)
Nominated
(Orlando Bloom)
Nominated
(Brenton Thwaites)

Choice Summer Movie

Won

Nominated

Choice Movie: Scream

Won
(Keira Knightley)

Choice Movie

Won
Won
Nominated

Choice Movie: Rumble

Won
(Orlando Bloom & Jack Davenport)
Won
(Orlando Bloom)

Choice Movie: Hissy Fit

Won
(Keira Knightley)

Choice Male Hottie

Nominated
(Orlando Bloom)

Choice Movie Actress

Nominated
(Keira Knightley)
Won
(Keira Knightley)
Nominated
(Penélope Cruz)
Nominated
(Kaya Scodelario)

Choice Movie: Villain

Won
(Bill Nighy)
Won
(Bill Nighy)
Nominated
(Ian McShane)
Nominated
(Javier Bardem)