document_title: United States presidential line of succession

question_text: who is next in line if the vice president is unable to take the vacant office of the presidency

text: Current order[edit]

text: The current presidential order of succession is as follows:[4]

text:
Key
Eligible Democrat (D)

Eligible Republican (R)

Eligible Independent (I)

Eligible unknown

Not eligible

text:
No.
Office
Current officer

1
Vice President
Mike Pence (R)

2
Speaker of the House of Representatives
Paul Ryan (R)

3
President pro tempore of the Senate
Orrin Hatch (R)

4
Secretary of State
Rex Tillerson (R)

5
Secretary of the Treasury
Steven Mnuchin (R)

6
Secretary of Defense
Jim Mattis (I)

7
Attorney General
Jeff Sessions (R)

8
Secretary of the Interior
Ryan Zinke (R)

9
Secretary of Agriculture
Sonny Perdue (R)

10
Secretary of Commerce
Wilbur Ross (R)

11
Secretary of Labor
Alex Acosta (R)

12
Secretary of Health and Human Services
Eric Hargan (R)[a]
Acting

13
Secretary of Housing and Urban Development
Ben Carson (R)

–
Secretary of Transportation
Elaine Chao (R)[b]

14
Secretary of Energy
Rick Perry (R)

15
Secretary of Education
Betsy DeVos (R)

16
Secretary of Veterans Affairs
David Shulkin (I)

17
Secretary of Homeland Security
Kirstjen Nielsen (I)

Jump up ^ This listing assumes that acting officers whose prior appointment required Senate confirmation are eligible for the line of succession. See Acting officers below.
Jump up ^ Not a natural-born citizen (acquired U.S. citizenship by naturalization) and thus ineligible for the Presidency.

text: Cabinet officers are in line according to the chronological order of their department's creation or the department of which their department is the successor (the Department of Defense being successor to the Department of War, and the Department of Health and Human Services being successor to the Department of Health, Education and Welfare).[a]

text: Eligibility[edit]

text: Eligibility requirements[edit]

text: To be eligible to serve as President, a person must be a natural-born U.S. citizen, at least 35 years of age, and a resident within the United States for at least 14 years. These eligibility requirements are specified both in the U.S. Constitution, Article II, Section 1, Clause 5, and in the Presidential Succession Act of 1947 (3 U.S.C. § 19(e)).

text: Acting officers[edit]

text: Acting officers may be eligible. In 2009, the Continuity of Government Commission, a private non-partisan think tank, reported,

text: The language in the current Presidential Succession Act is less clear than that of the 1886 Act with respect to Senate confirmation. The 1886 Act refers to "such officers as shall have been appointed by the advice and consent of the Senate to the office therein named..." The current act merely refers to "officers appointed, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate." Read literally, this means that the current act allows for acting secretaries to be in the line of succession as long as they are confirmed by the Senate for a post (even for example, the second or third in command within a department). It is common for a second in command to become acting secretary when the secretary leaves office. Though there is some dispute over this provision, the language clearly permits acting secretaries to be placed in the line of succession. (We have spoken to acting secretaries who told us they had been placed in the line of succession.)[5]

text: Motivation for changes to the succession in 1945[edit]

text: Two months after succeeding Franklin D. Roosevelt, President Harry S. Truman proposed that the Speaker of the House and the President pro tempore of the Senate be granted priority in the line of succession over the Cabinet so as to ensure the President would not be able to appoint his successor to the Presidency.[6]

text: The Secretary of State and the other Cabinet officials are appointed by the President, while the Speaker of the House and the President pro tempore of the Senate are elected officials. The Speaker is chosen by the U.S. House of Representatives, and every Speaker has been a member of that body for the duration of their term as Speaker, though this is not technically a requirement; the President pro tempore is chosen by the U.S. Senate and customarily the Senator of the majority party with the longest record of continuous service fills this position. The Congress approved this change and inserted the Speaker and President pro tempore in line, ahead of the members of the Cabinet in the order in which their positions were established.

text: In his speech supporting the changes, Truman noted that the House of Representatives is more likely to be in political agreement with the President and Vice President than the Senate. The succession of a Republican to a Democratic Presidency would further complicate an already unstable political situation. However, when the changes to the succession were signed into law, they placed Republican House Speaker Joseph W. Martin first in the line of succession after the Vice President.[7]

text: Some of Truman's critics said that his ordering of the Speaker before the President pro tempore was motivated by his dislike of the then-current holder of the latter rank, Senator Kenneth McKellar.[8] Further motivation may have been provided by Truman's preference for House Speaker Sam Rayburn to be next in the line of succession, rather than Secretary of State Edward R. Stettinius, Jr.[7]

text: Constitutional provisions[edit]

text: The line of succession is mentioned in three places in the Constitution:

text:
Article II, Section 1, Clause 6 makes the Vice President first in the line of succession and allows the Congress to provide by law for cases in which neither the President nor Vice President can serve. The current such law governing succession is the Presidential Succession Act of 1947 (3 U.S.C. § 19).
Section 3 of the 20th Amendment provides that if the President-elect dies before his term begins, the Vice President-elect becomes President on Inauguration Day and serves for the full term to which the President-elect was elected. The section also provides that if, on Inauguration Day, a president has not been chosen or the President-elect does not qualify for the presidency, the Vice President-elect acts as president until a president is chosen or the President-elect qualifies. Finally, Section 3 allows the Congress to provide by law for cases in which neither a President-elect nor a Vice President-elect is eligible or available to serve.
The 25th Amendment, ratified in 1967, clarified Article II, Section 1: that the Vice President is the direct successor of the President. He or she becomes President if the President dies, resigns or is removed from office. The amendment also provides for the situation where the President is temporarily disabled, such as if the President has a surgical procedure or becomes mentally unfit.
The amendment also provides for Vice Presidential succession, by requiring Vice Presidential vacancies to be filled by the President and confirmed by both houses of the Congress. Previously, whenever a Vice President had succeeded to the Presidency or had otherwise left the office empty (through death, resignation, or removal from office), the Vice Presidency remained vacant until the next Presidential and Vice Presidential terms began.

text: Acting President and President[edit]

text: Article II, Section 1 of the United States Constitution provides that:

text: In case of the removal of the President from office, or of his death, resignation, or inability to discharge the powers and duties of the said office, the same shall devolve on the Vice President ... until the disability be removed, or a President elected.

text: This originally left open the question whether "the same" refers to "the said office" or only "the powers and duties of the said office." Some historians, including Edward Corwin[9] and John D. Feerick,[9] have argued that the framers' intention was that the Vice President would remain Vice President while executing the powers and duties of the Presidency; however, there is also much evidence to the contrary, the most compelling of which is Article I, section 3, of the Constitution itself, the relevant text of which reads:

text:
The Vice President of the United States shall be President of the Senate, but shall have no vote, unless they be equally divided.
The Senate shall chuse  [sic] their other officers, and also a President pro tempore, in the absence of the Vice President, or when he shall exercise the office of President of the United States.

text: This text appears to answer the hypothetical question of whether the office or merely the powers of the Presidency devolved upon the Vice President on his succession. Thus, the 25th Amendment merely restates and reaffirms the validity of existing precedent, apart from adding new protocols for Presidential disability.[original research?] Not everyone agreed with this interpretation when it was first actually tested, and it was left to Vice President John Tyler, the first presidential successor in U.S. history, to establish the precedent that was respected in the absence of the 25th Amendment.

text: Upon the death of President William Henry Harrison in 1841 and after a brief hesitation, Tyler took the position that he was the President and not merely acting President upon taking the presidential oath of office. However, some contempories—including John Quincy Adams,[9][10] Henry Clay[11] and other members of Congress[10][11] Whig party leaders[11] and even Tyler's own cabinet[10][11]—believed that he was only acting as President and did not have the office itself.

text: Nonetheless, Tyler adhered to his position, even returning, unopened, mail addressed to the "Acting President of the United States" sent by his detractors.[12] Tyler's view ultimately prevailed when the Senate voted to accept the title "President,"[11] and this precedent was followed thereafter. The question was finally resolved by Section 1 of the 25th Amendment, which specifies that "In case of the removal of the President from office or of his death or resignation, the Vice President shall become President." The Amendment does not specify whether officers other than the Vice President can become President rather than Acting President in the same set of circumstances. The Presidential Succession Act refers only to other officers acting as President rather than becoming President.

text: History of succession law set by Congress[edit]

text: Presidential Succession Act 1792[edit]

text:
Wikisource has original text related to this article:
Presidential Succession Act 1792

text: The Presidential Succession Act of 1792 was the first succession law passed by Congress. The act was contentious because the Federalists did not want the then Secretary of State, Thomas Jefferson, who had become the leader of the Democratic-Republicans, to follow the Vice President in the succession. There were also separation of powers concerns over including the Chief Justice of the United States in the line. The compromise they worked out established the President pro tempore of the Senate as next in line after the Vice President, followed by the Speaker of the House of Representatives.

text: In either case, these officers were to "act as President of the United States until the disability be removed or a president be elected." The Act called for a special election to be held in November of the year in which dual vacancies occurred (unless the vacancies occurred after the first Wednesday in October, in which case the election would occur the following year; or unless the vacancies occurred within the last year of the presidential term, in which case the next election would take place as regularly scheduled). The people elected President and Vice President in such a special election would have served a full four-year term beginning on March 4 of the next year, but no such election ever took place.

text: Presidential Succession Act 1886[edit]

text:
Wikisource has original text related to this article:
Presidential Succession Act 1886

text: In 1881, after the death of President Garfield, and in 1885, after the death of Vice President Hendricks, there had been no President pro tempore in office, and as the new House of Representatives had yet to convene, no Speaker either,[13] leaving no one at all in the line of succession after the vice president. When Congress convened in December 1885, President Cleveland asked for a revision of the 1792 act, which was passed in 1886. Congress replaced the President pro tempore and Speaker with officers of the President's Cabinet with the Secretary of State first in line. In the first 100 years of the United States, six former Secretaries of State had gone on to be elected President, while only two congressional leaders had advanced to that office. As a result, changing the order of the line of succession seemed reasonable.[citation needed]

text: Presidential Succession Act 1947[edit]

text:
Wikisource has original text related to this article:
Presidential Succession Act 1947

text: The Presidential Succession Act of 1947, signed into law by President Harry S. Truman, added the Speaker of the House and President pro tempore back in the line, but switched the two from the 1792 order. It remains the sequence used today[update]. Since the reorganization of the military in 1947 had merged the War Department (which governed the Army) with the Department of the Navy into the Department of Defense, the Secretary of Defense took the place in the order of succession previously held by the Secretary of War. The office of Secretary of the Navy, which had existed as a Cabinet-level position since 1798, had become subordinate to the Secretary of Defense in the military reorganization, and so was dropped from the line of succession in the 1947 Succession Act.

text: Postmaster General removed 1971[edit]

text: Until 1971, the Postmaster General, the head of the Post Office Department, was a member of the Cabinet, initially the last in the presidential line of succession before new officers were added. Once the Post Office Department was re-organized into the United States Postal Service, a special agency independent of the executive branch, the Postmaster General ceased to be a member of the Cabinet and was thus removed from the line of succession.[14]

text: Secretary of Homeland Security added 2006[edit]

text: The United States Department of Homeland Security was created in 2002. On March 9, 2006, pursuant to the renewal of the Patriot Act as Pub.L. 109–177, the Secretary of Homeland Security was added to the line of succession. The order of Cabinet members in the line has always been the same as the order in which their respective departments were established. Despite custom, many in Congress had wanted the Secretary to be placed at number eight on the list – below the Attorney General, above the Secretary of the Interior, and in the position held by the Secretary of the Navy prior to the creation of the Secretary of Defense – because the Secretary, already in charge of disaster relief and security, would presumably be more prepared to take over the presidency than some of the other Cabinet secretaries.[citation needed] Despite this, the 2006 law explicitly specifies that the "Secretary of Homeland Security" follows the "Secretary of Veterans Affairs" in the succession, effectively at the end of the list.[15]

text: Successions beyond Vice President[edit]

text: While nine Vice Presidents have succeeded to the office upon the death or resignation of the President, and two Vice Presidents have temporarily served as acting President, no other officer has ever been called upon to act as President. On March 4, 1849, President Zachary Taylor's term began, but he declined to be sworn in on a Sunday, citing religious beliefs, and the Vice President was not sworn either. As the last President pro tempore of the Senate, David Rice Atchison was thought by some to be next in line after the Vice President, and his tombstone claims that he was US President for the day. However, Atchison took no oath of office to the presidency either, and his term as Senate President pro tempore had by then expired.[16][17]

text: In 1865, when Andrew Johnson assumed the Presidency on the death of Abraham Lincoln, the office of Vice President became vacant. At that time, the Senate President pro tempore was next in line to the presidency. In 1868, Johnson was impeached by the House of Representatives and subjected to trial in the Senate, and if he had been convicted and thereby removed from office, Senate President pro tempore Benjamin Wade would have become acting President. This posed a conflict of interest, as Wade's "guilty" vote could have been decisive in removing Johnson from office and giving himself presidential powers and duties. (Johnson was acquitted by a one-vote margin.)

text: In his book The Shadow Presidents, which he published in 1979, Michael Medved describes a situation that arose prior to the 1916 election, when the First World War was raging in Europe. In view of the contemporary international turmoil, President Woodrow Wilson thought that if he lost the election it would be better for his opponent to begin his administration straight away, instead of waiting through the lame duck period, which at that time had a duration of almost four months. President Wilson and his aides formed a plan to exploit the rule of succession so that his rival Charles Evans Hughes could take over the Presidency as soon as the result of the election was clear. The plan was that Wilson would appoint Hughes to the post of Secretary of State. Wilson and his Vice President Thomas R. Marshall would then resign, and as the Secretary of State was at that time designated next in line of succession, Hughes would become President immediately. As it happened, President Wilson won re-election, so the plan was never put into action.[18]

text: Since the 25th Amendment's ratification, its Second Section, which addresses Vice Presidential succession as noted above, has been invoked twice.

text: During the 1973 Vice Presidential vacancy, House Speaker Carl Albert was first in line. As the Watergate scandal made President Nixon's removal or resignation possible, Albert would have become Acting President and—under Title 3, Section 19(c) of the U.S. Code—would have been able to "act as President until the expiration of the then current Presidential term" on January 20, 1977. Albert openly questioned whether it was appropriate for him, a Democrat, to assume the powers and duties of the presidency when there was a public mandate for the Presidency to be held by a Republican. Albert announced that should he need to assume the Presidential powers and duties, he would do so only as a caretaker. However, with the nomination and confirmation of Gerald Ford to the Vice Presidency, which marked the first time the Second Section of the Twenty-fifth Amendment was invoked, these series of events were never tested. Albert again became first-in-line during the first four months of Ford's Presidency, before the confirmation of Vice President Nelson Rockefeller,[citation needed] which marked the second time Section 2 of the Twenty-fifth Amendment was invoked.

text: In 1981, when President Ronald Reagan was shot, Vice President George H. W. Bush was traveling in Texas. Secretary of State Alexander Haig responded to a reporter's question regarding who was running the government by stating:

text: Constitutionally, gentlemen, you have the President, the Vice President and the Secretary of State in that order, and should the President decide he wants to transfer the helm to the Vice President, he will do so. He has not done that. As of now, I am in control here, in the White House, pending return of the Vice President and in close touch with him. If something came up, I would check with him, of course.[19]

text: A bitter dispute ensued over the meaning of Haig's remarks. Most people believed that Haig was referring to the line of succession and erroneously claimed to have temporary Presidential authority, due to his implied reference to the Constitution. Haig and his supporters, noting his familiarity with the line of succession from his time as White House Chief of Staff during Richard Nixon's resignation, said he only meant that he was the highest-ranking officer of the Executive branch on-site, managing things temporarily until the Vice President returned to Washington.[citation needed]

text: Constitutional concerns[edit]

text: Several constitutional law experts have raised questions as to the constitutionality of the provisions that the Speaker of the House and the President pro tempore of the Senate succeed to the presidency.[20] James Madison, one of the authors of the Constitution, raised similar constitutional questions about the Presidential Succession Act of 1792 in a 1792 letter to Edmund Pendleton.[21] Two of these issues can be summarized:

text:
The term "Officer" in the relevant clause of the Constitution is most plausibly interpreted to mean an "Officer of the United States", who must be a member of the Executive or Judicial Branch. The Speaker and the President pro tempore are not officers in this sense.
Under the principle of separation of powers, the Constitution specifically disallows legislative officials from also serving in the executive branch. For the Speaker or the Senate President pro tempore to become Acting President, they must resign their position, at which point they are no longer in the line of succession. This is seen by some to form a constitutional paradox. However, the current Act specifies that the Speaker becomes President "upon his resignation as Speaker" and as a member of Congress,[22] allowing for a seamless transition.

text: In 2003 the Continuity of Government Commission suggested that the current law has "at least seven significant issues ... that warrant attention", specifically:[23]

text:
The reality that all figures in the current line of succession work and reside in the vicinity of Washington, D.C. In the event of a nuclear, chemical, or biological attack, it is possible that everyone on the list would be killed or incapacitated.
Doubt (such as those expressed above by James Madison) that congressional leaders are eligible to act as President.
A concern about the wisdom of including the President pro tempore in the line of succession as the "largely honorific post traditionally held by the longest-serving Senator of the majority party". For example, from January 20, 2001, to June 6, 2001, the President pro tempore was then-98-year-old Strom Thurmond of South Carolina.
A concern that the current line of succession can force the presidency to abruptly switch parties mid-term, as the President, Speaker, and the President pro tempore are not necessarily of the same party as each other.
A concern that the succession line is ordered by the dates of creation of the various executive departments, without regard to the skills or capacities of the persons serving as their Secretary.
The fact that, should a Cabinet member begin to act as President, the law allows the House to elect a new Speaker (or the Senate, a new President pro tempore), who could in effect remove the Cabinet member and assume the office themselves at any time.
The absence of a provision where a President is disabled and the vice presidency is vacant (for example, if an assassination attempt simultaneously wounded the President and killed the Vice President).


document_title: Degrassi: The Next Generation (season 6)

question_text: how many episodes is alex in season 6

question_tokens: how many episodes is alex in season 6

root

text: Cast[edit]

text: The sixth season features seventeen actors who receive star billing with fifteen of them returning from the previous season. Cast members include:

tag: p

text:
Miriam McDonald as Emma Nelson (13 episodes)
Cassie Steele as Manuela "Manny" Santos (15 episodes)
Daniel Clark as Sean Cameron (11 episodes)
Stacey Farber as Ellie Nash (13 episodes)
Lauren Collins as Paige Michalchuk (8 episodes)
Aubrey Graham as Jimmy Brooks (12 episodes)
Shane Kippel as Gavin "Spinner" Mason (16 episodes)
Shenae Grimes as Darcy Edwards (11 episodes)
Mike Lobel as Jay Hogart (8 episodes)
Deanna Casaluce as Alex Nuñez (9 episodes)
Stefan Brogren as Archie "Snake" Simpson (16 episodes)
Amanda Stepto as Christine "Spike" Nelson (6 episodes)
Ryan Cooley as James Tiberius "J.T." Yorke (7 episodes)
Sarah Barrable-Tishauer as Liberty Van Zandt (9 episodes)
Jamie Johnston as Peter Stone (11 episodes)
Melissa DiMarco as Daphne Hatzilakos (10 episodes)
Adamo Ruggiero as Marco Del Rossi (14 episodes)

tag: ul

text: Also Starring:

text:
Jake Epstein as  Craig Manning (2 episodes)
Jake Goldsbie as Toby Isaacs (10 episodes)
Melissa McIntyre as Ashley Kerwin (7 episodes)
John Bregar as Dylan Michalchuk (8 episodes)

text: Shenae Grimes is upgraded to a series regular after appearing in the previous two seasons. Jake Goldsbie is demoted to recurring, Jake Epstein makes a guest appearance during the season and Daniel Clark and Melissa McIntyre make a return to the series after leaving in Season 4.

text: The three actors from season five who did not return this season were Andrea Lewis as Hazel Aden, Pat Mastroianni as Joey Jeremiah and Stacie Mistysyn as Caitlin Ryan. All left the series except for Stacie Mistysyn who returned in season seven.

text: Returning in their recurring roles are Dalmar Abuzeid as Danny Van Zandt, Marc Donato as Derek Haig, Linlyn Lue as Ms. Kwan, and Jennifer Podemski as Ms. Sauve. Nina Dobrev and Steve Belford are introduced as Mia Jones and Jesse Stefanovic.[5][6]

text: Crew[edit]

text: The season was produced by Epitome Pictures in association with CTV. Funding was provided by The Canadian Film or Video Production Tax Credit and the Ontario Film and Television Tax Credit, the Canadian Television Fund and BCE-CTV Benefits, The Shaw Television Broadcast Fund, the Independent Production Fund, Mountain Cable Program, and RBC Royal Bank.[7][8]

text: Linda Schuyler, co-creator of the Degrassi franchise and CEO of Epitome Pictures, was the co-executive producer of season six with her husband and Epitome Pictures' president, Stephen Stohn. James Hurst also served as an executive producer. David Lowe served as the producer, and Shelley Scarrow was the executive creative consultant. Brendon Yorke and Nicole Demerse were co-executive story editors, with Duana Taha as the junior story editor. The editors were Stephen Withrow and Jason B. Irvine, Stephen Stanley was the production designer, and the cinematographers were Gavin Smith and John Berrie.[7] The writers for the season are Tassie Cameron, Nicole Demerse, James Hurst, Aaron Martin, Will Pascoe, Shelley Scarrow, Duana Taha, and Brendon Yorke. Phil Earnshaw, Eleanore Lindo, Stefan Scaini, Gavin Smith, and Sudz Sutherland directed the episodes.[7]

text: Reception[edit]

text: Season six was watched by fewer Canadian viewers than season five, which achieved an average of 767,000 viewers, and had one episode watched by a million viewers.[9][10] The first twelve episodes of season six only averaged 500,000 viewers;[9] the first episode after the winter break, broadcast on March 28, 2007, was watched by a season high of 645,000 viewers.[11] The season finale was watched by 520,000 viewers, and the season eventually averaged 522,000 viewers.[9]

text:
Years after compromising its integrity for a shot at the more superficial US market, Degrassi: The Next Generation makes a welcome return to form with a season finale that trades, not in the high school stereotypes it has lately relied upon, but on a tempestuous same-sex romance that mines real emotions with poignant dramatic effect.
— Joel Rubinoff, Waterloo Region Record[12]

tag: div

text: The sixth season received mixed reviews from the media. Laura Betker of the Winnipeg Sun said, "Wrapping up plot lines so quickly creates a bit of disappointment for audiences. Typically, season finales end with exciting cliffhangers to entice fan interest. Degrassi’s finale really had no loose ends. There is no pending excitement for fans and the two-part finale became a disappointment. The episodes felt more like a series finale rather than just a season ending."[13] In his end of year review, Joel Rubnoff of the Waterloo Region Record said Degrassi: The Next Generation was one of the best shows of 2007, adding, "The greatest teen show on the planet rediscovers its mojo with a same sex romance between control freak Paige and teen rebel Alexa. The year's most compelling—and bittersweet—love story."[14] AfterEllen.com, a website which focuses on the portrayal of lesbian and bisexual women in the media, and owned by MTV Networks' Logo cable television network reported on the portrayal of two Degrassi: The Next Generation lesbian characters. "Paige and Alex's relationship, developed over three seasons, has become one of the best portrayals of a lesbian teen relationship we've seen on American television," said Sarah Warn, the website's Editor in Chief, before giving the series an "A" Grade for the portrayal of class issues, character development, sexual orientation, dialogue, the relationship and lesbian sex.[15]

text: The season received nominations for eight different awards, and won two. At the Directors Guild of Canada Awards, the episode "Can't Hardly Wait" was nominated in the category for "Outstanding Achievement in a Television Series – Family", and Stephen Stanley was nominated in the "Outstanding Achievement in Production Design – Television Series" category for "What's it Feel Like To Be a Ghost? Part Two".[16] At the Gemini Awards, Shenae Grimes won the category for "Best Performance in a Children's or Youth Program or Series" for her portrayal of Darcy Edwards in the episode "Eyes Without a Face Part Two". Degrassi: The Next Generation received three other Gemini Award nominations, for "Best Children's or Youth Fiction Program or Series", "Best Original Music Score for a Dramatic Series", and "Best Sound in a Dramatic Series".[17] In the US, the series won its second Teen Choice Award for "Choice Summer TV Show",[18] and Marc Donato was nominated for "Best Performance in a TV Comedy Series Recurring Young Actor" at the Young Artist Awards.[19]

text: Episodes[edit]

text: Season six premiered on The N two months before its CTV debut,[20][21] and it was not until the ninth episode that Canadian viewers were able to watch an episode before US viewers. The N aired the season in three separate blocks, airing the first third of the season between 29 September 2006 and 17 November 2006, then the second block of episodes between 5 January 2007 and 16 February 2007. The final episodes of the season were broadcast between 29 June 2007 and 3 August 2007. Every episode aired on Fridays at 8:00 p.m.[22]

text: In Canada, CTV aired the season in two separate blocks of episodes. The first twelve episodes aired between 28 November 2006 and 9 January 2007, on Tuesdays at 8:00 p.m. and 8:30 p.m.[21][23] The second block of episodes aired between 28 March 2007 and 14 May 2007.[24] The first two episodes in this block aired on Wednesdays at 9:30 p.m., immediately after CTV's simulcast of American Idol; from 9 April 2007, the remaining episodes aired on Mondays at 9:30 p.m., immediately following CTV's simulcast of Dancing with the Stars.[9][25] CTV also broadcast episodes fourteen and fifteen before episode thirteen.

text: This list is by order of production, as they appear on the DVD.

text:
No. inseason

No. inseries

Title

Canadian airdate

US airdate

Production code
1–2101–102"Here Comes Your Man"[26]28 November 2006 (2006-11-28)29 September 2006601 & 602
Emma is happy being with Peter--that is, until Sean returns to town and enrolls at Degrassi for the upcoming school year. She soon finds herself drawn to Sean as he and Peter get caught up in the street-racing scene. Meanwhile, Marco grows overwhelmed when he has to juggle moving his stuff into his apartment with Dylan, choosing university courses with Ellie, and throwing Paige a going away party. Also, Ellie struggles to deal with her new roommate and writes an anonymous article about it for the school newspaper.
3103"True Colours"5 December 2006 (2006-12-05)6 October 2006603
Due to Jay's pleas, Emma visits Sean in jail where she realizes that he is in a lot of pain and does everything she can to help him out. Meanwhile, Ellie is devastated to discover that the first newspaper article she has written has been rejected.
4104"Can't Hardly Wait"5 December 2006 (2006-12-05)13 October 2006604
Jimmy starts coaching the girls' basketball team and wants to take his relationship with Ashley to the next level but, since his paralysis, he has not been able to get an erection. Meanwhile, Darcy, as the new Spirit Squad captain, clashes with choreographer Manny over new girl Mia.
5105"Eyes Without a Face" Part One12 December 2006 (2006-12-12)20 October 2006605
Darcy is tired of her good-girl reputation and strives for something more exciting. When Peter introduces her to an online admirer through her MyRoom page, Darcy begins exchanging racy photos of herself for gifts. Meanwhile, trying to move on from Liberty, J.T. finds himself interested in the new girl, Mia.
6106"Eyes Without a Face" Part Two12 December 2006 (2006-12-12)3 November 2006606
Darcy continues to post risqué pictures on the internet. But she soon realizes how dangerous it is when her biggest fan decides that it is time to meet face to face. Meanwhile, Ellie doesn't want to be seen as a "little girl" in front of her older boyfriend and contemplates losing her virginity.
7107"Working for the Weekend"19 December 2006 (2006-12-19)10 November 2006607
Spinner is upset over the results of his aptitude test, and when Jimmy decides to design and sell T-shirts, they go into business and open a store. Meanwhile, Alex returns to Degrassi to get more credits, but her bullying past comes back to haunt her.
8108"Crazy Little Thing Called Love"19 December 2006 (2006-12-19)17 November 2006608
Sean finally gets out of jail and reunites with Emma, thinking that he has the perfect girlfriend, but he soon realizes that she isn't as innocent as she seems, when he finds out what she did with Jay last year. Meanwhile, Derek has a problem when Mr. Perino begins bullying him and Danny.
9109"What's It Feel Like to Be a Ghost?" Part One2 January 2007 (2007-01-02)5 January 2007609
Craig returns to town for a music festival and wastes no time in reuniting with Manny but, as Craig further embraces the rock star lifestyle, Manny has to decide whether the new Craig is the guy she really loves. Meanwhile, an upset Liberty decides to tell Mia the truth about J.T.
10110"What's It Feel Like to Be a Ghost?" Part Two2 January 2007 (2007-01-02)12 January 2007610
Ellie blames Manny for Craig's drug addiction, even though everyone else can see that he is lying. The Degrassi/Lakehurst school rivalry is heating up, and the Lakehurst gang are out to get J.T. for dating Mia, who used to date one of their gang members.

Special Guest Star: Taking Back Sunday.
11111"Rock This Town"9 January 2007 (2007-01-09)26 January 2007611
Manny decides to throw a party at the Nelsons' house while Spike and Snake are out of town and uses Liberty's birthday as a guise, but when word gets out, the night quickly spirals out of control leading to a tragedy that the students of Degrassi will never forget.
12112"The Bitterest Pill"9 January 2007 (2007-01-09)2 February 2007612
In the aftermath of J.T.'s murder, all of Degrassi are in mourning. While planning the memorial, Toby and Liberty kiss, and he soon wonders if he should let her know about J.T.'s true feelings for her. Meanwhile, Ellie decides to tell Jesse that she kissed Craig but receives some unexpected news.
13113"If You Leave"9 April 2007 (2007-04-09)16 February 2007613
Emma causes a riot between Degrassi and Lakehurst when she feels that J.T.'s death is being glossed over, while not knowing how to tell Manny that she doesn't want her to move back home. Meanwhile, Marco thinks Dylan is cheating on him again.
14114"Free Fallin'" Part One28 March 2007 (2007-03-28)29 June 2007614
Stressed at Banting, Paige has a panic attack during an exam. When her professor gives her another chance, she has to juggle catching up on her schoolwork and preparing a huge family dinner. Meanwhile, Peter wants forgiveness from Darcy but finds out he has his work cut out for him.
15115"Free Fallin'" Part Two4 April 2007 (2007-04-04)6 July 2007615
In the aftermath of her dorm fire, Paige decides to drop out of college and move back to Toronto due to her poor grades. She now has to deal with her reoccurring panic attacks by herself since no one can know the truth. Meanwhile, Peter is determined to show Darcy that he's changed.
16116"Love My Way"16 April 2007 (2007-04-16)13 July 2007616
In an attempt to return to her pre-Banting glory, Paige goes on casual dates with both Spinner and newly-single Jesse, which makes Alex jealous. Meanwhile, Snake isn't comfortable with Sean and Emma's level of intimacy.
17117"Sunglasses at Night"23 April 2007 (2007-04-23)20 July 2007617
Marco is having a hard time dealing with Dylan's departure and becomes addicted to online gambling. Meanwhile, Peter and Darcy have to make a decision about whether they should go public.
18118"Don't You Want Me?" Part One7 May 2007 (2007-05-07)27 July 2007618
Alex becomes a waitress at a gentleman's club when she and her mother start drowning in financial debt, but she soon finds out that there's more money to be made onstage. Meanwhile, Emma is upset when Sean's plans for the future do not include her.
19119"Don't You Want Me?" Part Two14 May 2007 (2007-05-14)3 August 2007619
Alex's double life is finally bringing in the cash, but having to hide it from Paige is taking its toll on her schoolwork and their relationship. Meanwhile, Sean and Emma continue to fight over him joining the army and leaving her alone and pregnant.

tag: table

text: DVD release[edit]

text: The DVD release of season six was released by Alliance Atlantis Home Entertainment in Canada, and by FUNimation Entertainment in the US on 27 May 2008 after it had completed broadcast on television. As well as every episode from the season, the DVD release features bonus material including deleted scenes, bloopers and behind-the-scenes featurettes.

text:
The Complete Sixth Season

Set details[27]

Special features[27]

19 director's cut episodes
4-disc set
1.33:1 aspect ratio
Languages:
English (Dolby Digital 5.1)

Deleted scenes
Bloopers
Original auditions
Character and cast bios
Degrassi yearbook
Trailers

Release dates[27]

 Region 1

27 May 2008


document_title: The Green Mile (film)

question_text: what was the prison called in the green mile

text: The Green Mile (film)

text: Plot[edit]

text: In a Louisiana assisted-living home in 1999, Paul Edgecomb begins to cry while watching the film Top Hat. His companion Elaine becomes concerned, and Paul explains to her that the film reminded him of the events of 1935, which took place when he was a prison officer, in charge of death row, what they refer to as the "Green Mile".

text: In 1935, Paul supervises officers Brutus Howell, Dean Stanton, Harry Terwilliger, and Percy Wetmore at Cold Mountain Penitentiary. Paul is suffering from a severe bladder infection and receives John Coffey, a physically imposing but mentally challenged black man, into his custody. John had been sentenced to death after being convicted of raping and murdering two white girls. One of the other inmates is a Native-American named Arlen Bitterbuck, who is charged with murder and is the first to be executed. Percy demonstrates a severe sadistic streak, but, as the nephew of Louisiana's First Lady, he is beyond reproach. He is particularly abusive with inmate Eduard Delacroix; he breaks Del's fingers with his baton, steps on a pet mouse named Mr. Jingles, which Del had adopted, repeatedly calls him by a gay slur, and ultimately sabotages his execution by failing to soak the sponge used to conduct electricity to Del's head; Del dies screaming in pain.

text: John begins to demonstrate supernatural powers; he cures Paul's bladder infection, resurrects Mr. Jingles, and heals Melinda Moores, wife of the prison's chief warden, of a brain tumor. This last affliction he releases into Percy, who under its influence shoots another prisoner, mass murderer William Wharton, dead. Wharton had from the moment of his arrival been a troublemaker; he assaulted the guards as he was being escorted into the block, made mischief on two occasions that later caused Paul to order him restrained in the block's padded cell, groped Percy, racially insulted John, and revealed psychically to John that he is, in fact, responsible for the crime for which John was condemned. John then reveals the story psychically to Paul, and, when doing so, he also releases his supernatural energy into Paul. Meanwhile, Percy is committed to the insane asylum.

text: Although distraught over the notion of being executed while innocent, John tells Paul that he does, in fact, wish to die, as he views the world as a cruel place. Mentioning that he had never seen a movie before, John watches Top Hat with the other guards as a last request. John is executed that night but refuses the customary hood, as he is afraid of the dark. Paul concludes his story by telling Elaine that John's was the last execution that he and Brutus supervised; following Coffey's execution, they both took jobs in the juvenile system.

text: Elaine realizes that, since he had a grown son in 1935, Paul must be much older than he looks. Paul reveals that he is, in fact, 108 years of age. Not only is he still alive, so is Del's mouse, Mr. Jingles. Paul then muses that if John's power could make a mouse live for as long as Mr. Jingles has, how much longer does he himself have left?

text: Cast[edit]

text:
Tom Hanks as Paul Edgecomb

Dabbs Greer as old Paul Edgecomb

David Morse as Brutus "Brutal" Howell
Bonnie Hunt as Jan Edgecomb
Michael Clarke Duncan as John Coffey
James Cromwell as Hal Moores
Michael Jeter as Eduard "Del" Delacroix
Doug Hutchison as Percy Wetmore
Sam Rockwell as William "Wild Bill" Wharton
Jeffrey DeMunn as Harry Terwilliger
Barry Pepper as Dean Stanton
Patricia Clarkson as Melinda Moores
Brent Briscoe as Bill Dodge
Harry Dean Stanton as Toot-Toot
Gary Sinise as Burt Hammersmith
Graham Greene as Arlen Bitterbuck
William Sadler as Klaus Detterick
Bill McKinney as Jack Van Hay
Jon Polito as "D" Block Prison Guard
Eve Brent as Elaine Connelly
Paula Malcomson as Marjorie Detterick

text: Production[edit]

text: Darabont adapted the novel into a screenplay in under eight weeks.[3]

text: The film was shot at Warner Hollywood Studios, West Hollywood, California, and on location in Shelbyville, Tennessee and Blowing Rock, North Carolina.[4]

text: Casting[edit]

text: Hanks and Darabont met at an Academy Award luncheon in 1994. Stephen King stated he envisioned Hanks in the role and was happy when Darabont mentioned his name.[3]

text: Morse had not heard about the script until he was offered the role. He stated he was in tears by the end of it.[3] Darabont wanted Cromwell from the start, and after he read the script, Cromwell was moved and agreed.[3]

text: Duncan credited his casting to Bruce Willis, with whom he had worked on the film Armageddon one year earlier. According to Duncan, Willis introduced him to Darabont after hearing of the open call for John Coffey.[5]

text: Soundtrack[edit]

text: The official film soundtrack, Music from the Motion Picture The Green Mile, was released on December 19, 1999 by Warner Bros. It contains 37 tracks, primarily instrumental tracks from the film score by Thomas Newman. It also contains four vocal tracks: "Cheek to Cheek" by Fred Astaire, "I Can't Give You Anything but Love, Baby" by Billie Holiday, "Did You Ever See a Dream Walking?" by Gene Austin, and "Charmaine" by Guy Lombardo and His Royal Canadians.

text: Reception[edit]

text: Critical response[edit]

text: Review aggregation website Rotten Tomatoes gives the film a score of 80%, based on 132 reviews. The critical consensus states "Though The Green Mile is long, critics say it's an absorbing, emotionally powerful experience."[6] The film also has a score of 61 out of 100 on Metacritic based on 36 critics indicating "generally favorable reviews'.[7]

text: Roger Ebert gave the film 3 and a half stars out of 4, writing "The film is a shade over three hours long. I appreciated the extra time, which allows us to feel the passage of prison months and years."[8] Forbes commentator Dawn Mendez referred to the character of John Coffey as a "'magic Negro' figure"—a term describing a stereotypical fictional black person depicted in a fictional work as a "saintly, nonthreatening" person whose purpose in life is to solve a problem for or otherwise further the happiness of a white person.[9]

text: Awards and honors[edit]

text: 1999 Academy Awards[10][11]

text:
Nominated – Best Performance by an Actor in a Supporting Role – Michael Clarke Duncan
Nominated – Best Picture – David Valdes, Frank Darabont
Nominated – Best Sound Mixing – Robert J. Litt, Elliot Tyson, Michael Herbick, Willie D. Burton
Nominated – Best Adapted Screenplay – Frank Darabont

text: 2000 Academy of Science Fiction, Fantasy & Horror Films

text:
Won – Best Supporting Actor – Michael Clarke Duncan
Won – Best Supporting Actress – Patricia Clarkson
Won – Best Action/Adventure/Thriller Film
Nominated – Best Director – Frank Darabont
Nominated – Best Music – Thomas Newman

text: 2000 Broadcast Music Incorporated Film & TV Awards

text: Won – Film Music Award – Thomas Newman

text: 2000 Black Reel Awards

text: Won – Theatrical – Best Supporting Actor – Michael Clarke Duncan

text: 2000 Blockbuster Entertainment Awards

text:
Won – Favorite Actor – Drama – Tom Hanks
Nominated – Favorite Supporting Actor – Drama – Michael Clarke Duncan
Nominated – Favorite Supporting Actress – Drama – Bonnie Hunt

text: 2000 Bram Stoker Awards

text: Nominated – Best Screenplay – Frank Darabont

text: 2000 Broadcast Film Critics Association Awards

text:
Won – Best Screenplay, Adaptation – Frank Darabont
Won – Best Supporting Actor – Michael Clarke Duncan
Nominated – Best Film

text: 2000 Chicago Film Critics Association Awards

text:
Nominated – Best Supporting Actor – Michael Clarke Duncan
Nominated – Most Promising Actor – Michael Clarke Duncan

text: 2000 Directors Guild of America

text: Nominated – Outstanding Directorial Achievement in Motion Pictures – Frank Darabont

text: 2000 Golden Globe Awards

text: Nominated – Best Supporting Actor – Motion Picture – Michael Clarke Duncan

text: 2000 NAACP Image Awards

text: Nominated – Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Motion Picture – Michael Clarke Duncan

text: 2000 MTV Movie Awards

text: Nominated – Best Breakthrough Male Performance – Michael Clarke Duncan

text: 2000 Motion Picture Sound Editors (Golden Reel Awards)

text:
Nominated – Best Sound Editing – Dialogue and ADR – Mark A. Mangini, Julia Evershade
Nominated – Best Sound Editing – Effects and Foley – Mark A. Mangini, Aaron Glascock, Howell Gibbens, David E. Stone, Solange S. Schwalbe

text: 2000 People's Choice Awards

text:
Won – Favorite All-Around Motion Picture
Won – Favorite Dramatic Motion Picture

text: 2001 Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America (Nebula Award)

text: Nominated – Best Script – Frank Darabont

text: 2000 Screen Actors Guild Awards

text:
Nominated – Outstanding Performance by a Cast
Nominated – Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Supporting Role – Michael Clarke Duncan

text: Others[edit]

text: The film is recognized by American Film Institute in these lists:

text: 2006: AFI's 100 Years...100 Cheers – Nominated[12]


document_title: Puss in Boots (2011 film)

question_text: who did puss n boots grow up with in the orphanage

text: Puss in Boots (2011 film)

text: Plot[edit]

text: Puss in Boots (Antonio Banderas) is a talking cat named for his signature pair of boots. Puss is a fugitive on the run from the law, looking to restore his lost honor. He learns that the outlaw couple Jack (Billy Bob Thornton) and Jill (Amy Sedaris) have the magic beans he's been looking for most of his life, which can lead him to a giant's castle holding valuable golden goose eggs. When Puss tries to steal them from the outlaws' room, a female cat named Kitty Softpaws interrupts, and both fail. Kitty is allied with Humpty Alexander Dumpty, a talking egg and Puss' long-estranged childhood friend from the orphanage where he was raised. Puss tells Kitty his origin story and of his feelings of betrayal for a youthful misadventure when Humpty tricked Puss into helping commit a bank robbery in his hometown of San Ricardo; Puss has been on the run ever since. Humpty eventually convinces Puss to join them in finding the beans and retrieving the golden eggs.

text: The trio steal the beans from Jack and Jill and plant them in the desert. Puss and Kitty's relationship becomes romantic. The trio ride the beanstalk into the clouds to find the castle of the late giant, while avoiding the Great Terror, a giant goose that guards the Golden Goose. When they realize the golden eggs are too heavy to carry, they steal the Goose, which is just a gosling, and escape the castle. While celebrating their victory, the group is ambushed by Jack and Jill, who knock Puss unconscious.

text: When Puss wakes up, he tracks Jack and Jill to San Ricardo where he learns the entire heist was a plot by Humpty to lure him home to be arrested, as revenge for abandoning him to the authorities when Humpty's youthful heist went bad. Jack, Jill, and Kitty were involved in the con. After pleas from Imelda, his adoptive mother, Puss turns himself in to the guards while Humpty donates many golden eggs to the town and becomes a hero.

text: While in prison, Puss meets the original Jack from "Jack and the Beanstalk" who warns him that the Great Terror is in fact the Goose's mother, and it will stop at nothing to get its child back. Realizing Humpty intended to destroy the town all along, Puss lets a repentant Kitty help him break out of prison and she also tells him she loves him. Tracking him down just as the Great Terror arrives, Puss convinces Humpty to help him fight off the Great Terror, saying he knows Humpty is a good person at heart. Using the Goose as bait, Puss and Humpty lure the Great Terror out of the town. During the chase, Jack and Jill betray Humpty and try to take the Goose, but get crushed by the Great Terror. Humpty and the Goose are knocked off a bridge with Puss holding onto them. Humpty knows Puss cannot hold both of them, so he lets go, sacrificing himself to save the Goose and the town. Humpty's shell cracks open to reveal he was a golden egg on the inside. The Great Terror then takes the Goose and Humpty back to the giant's castle.

text: Puss' efforts to save San Ricardo make him a hero among the townspeople and Imelda. In the epilogue, Jack and Jill are recovering from their injuries, Humpty is shown once again in his regular egg form, wearing a golden egg suit, as he rides the Great Terror into the clouds, and Puss and Kitty kiss.

text: Cast[edit]

text:
Antonio Banderas as Puss in Boots, a fugitive from the law and a hero of San Ricardo.
Zach Galifianakis as Humpty Alexander Dumpty, the mastermind who intends to retrieve the Golden Eggs from the one-of-a-kind Goose.
Salma Hayek as Kitty Softpaws, a street-savvy Tuxedo cat who is Puss' female counterpart and love interest.
Billy Bob Thornton and Amy Sedaris as Jack and Jill, a murderous outlaw husband and wife couple.
Constance Marie as Imelda, Puss' human adoptive mother
Guillermo del Toro as Comandante, Moustache Man
Mike Mitchell as Andy "Jack" Beanstalk

text: Production[edit]

text: The film had been in development since 2004, when Shrek 2 was released.[8] As a Shrek 2 spin-off, it was initially planned for release in 2008 as a direct-to-video film,[9] then titled Puss in Boots: The Story of an Ogre Killer.[10] By October 2006, the film was re-slated as a theatrical release due to market conditions,[11] and due to DreamWorks Animation's realization that the Puss character deserved more.[12]

text: In September 2010, Guillermo del Toro signed on as executive producer.[13] Discussing del Toro, Miller stated: "We worked out a system for him to come in once every few months or whenever we had something new to show him. If we needed someone to bounce ideas off of, he was always there, and if we had a problem we were tackling, we'd get Guillermo on the red phone – our emergency phone – and ask him advice on what we should do with a certain character or scene. It was like having our own film school." Miller stated that del Toro was particularly involved in Humpty's character design. "Guillermo loved the dreamy quality of Humpty Dumpty. He suggested we push that further, make him more like da Vinci."[12] It was del Toro's idea to make Humpty "an ingenious freak of nature" who builds contraptions such as a flying machine.[14] Del Toro rewrote the ending to redeem the character and deepen his relationship with Puss – an unconventional conclusion for a children's film.[15] He helped design the fantasy elements of the giant's castle, as well as the architecture of the town, which he conceived as "an amalgam of Spain and Mexico".[14]

text: Except for Puss, the film features new characters. Citing the co-writer, David H. Steinberg, "It doesn't overlap with Shrek at all. Partly that was done to tell an original Puss story, but partly because we didn't know what Shrek 4 were going to do with the characters and we couldn't write conflicting storylines."[16] The film was teased in Shrek Forever After, when Shrek finally shuts the book titled "Shrek", and puts it away next to a book titled "Puss in Boots".

text: Puss in Boots is the first DreamWorks Animation feature film that was partly made in India. A Bangalore studio owned by Technicolor, which had mainly worked on TV specials and DVD bonus material, spent six months animating three major scenes in the film. The outsourcing had financial advantages, with 40% less labor costs than in the US, but the primary reason for outsourcing to India was lack of personnel, due to the studio producing as many as three films a year.[17]

text: The release date was originally set for November 4, 2011, but was pushed a week earlier to October 28, 2011.[3] Anne Globe, head of worldwide marketing for DreamWorks Animation, said the decision to move the film's release date a week earlier was to attract parents and their children to see the film before other family-friendly movies were released in November 2011.[18]

text: The film was renamed Cat in Boots in the United Arab Emirates for officially unknown reasons, but it is suspected for religious and cultural reasons.[19][20] According to UAE's The National Media Council, which is responsible for censorship, UAE didn't have any involvement in the rename and that "the decision to change the name had been made by the Hollywood studio and the movie distributors in the UAE."[21] Consequently, since the film's distributor was based in the UAE, the same print was syndicated to all theaters throughout the Middle East. However, the name change was limited to the film's original theatrical run, as merchandise and later regional home media release retained the film's original title.

text: Soundtrack[edit]

text:
Puss in Boots

Film score by Henry Jackman

Released
October 24, 2011

Genre
Score

Length
65:51

Label
Sony Classical

text: Henry Jackman, the composer for Puss in Boots, utilized folk instruments of traditional Latin music. Inspired by Spanish composer Manuel de Falla, Jackman blended guitars and Latin percussion with an orchestral sound influenced by Claude Debussy and Maurice Ravel.[22] Mexican guitar duo Rodrigo y Gabriela contributed to Jackman’s score, and two of their songs, Diabolo Rojo and Hanuman were included in the soundtrack.[23] Lady Gaga's song "Americano" was also featured in the film.[24][25] The soundtrack for the film, featuring the original score by Jackman, was released on October 24, 2011, by Sony Classical.[26]

text: Release[edit]

text: Puss in Boots had its world premiere on October 16, 2011, aboard the Royal Caribbean International's cruise ship Allure of the Seas, docked in Fort Lauderdale, Florida at the time.[27][28] It was theatrically released in the United States on October 28, 2011.[28] The film was digitally re-mastered into IMAX 3D, and was released in 268 North American IMAX theaters and at least 47 IMAX theaters outside North America.[4]

text: Home media[edit]

text: Puss in Boots was released on DVD, Blu-ray and Blu-ray 3D on February 24, 2012. The movie was accompanied by a short animated film called Puss in Boots: The Three Diablos.[29] As of July 2013, 7.2 million home entertainment units were sold worldwide.[30]

text: Another featured extra short is "Klepto Kitty"; a three-minute profile of Dusty the Klepto Kitty, a notorious cat in California who steals items from neighbors' yards, some of it captured on a night vision kitty-cam, hung around Dusty's neck by the Animal Planet network for their own documentary.[31]

text: Reception[edit]

text: Critical response[edit]

text: Review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes gave the film a score of 84% based on reviews from 142, with an average rating of 6.8 out of 10. The website's consensus is, "It isn't deep or groundbreaking, but what it lacks in profundity, Puss in Boots more than makes up for with an abundance of wit, visual sparkle, and effervescent charm."[32] Metacritic, which assigns a weighted average score out of 100 to reviews from mainstream critics, gives the film a score of 65% based on 24 reviews.[33] CinemaScore polls reported that the average grade moviegoers gave the film was an "A-" on an A+ to F scale.[34]

text: Todd McCarthy of The Hollywood Reporter gave the film a positive review, saying "Puss in Boots is a perfectly diverting romp that happens to showcase some of the best 3D work yet from a mainstream animated feature. Colorful, clever enough, free of cloying showbiz in-jokes, action-packed without being ridiculous about it and even well choreographed."[35] Peter Debruge of Variety gave the film a positive review, saying "Puss' origin story could easily stand on its own -- a testament to clever writing on the part of its creative team and an irresistible central performance by Antonio Banderas."[36] Christy Lemire of the Associated Press gave the film three out of four stars, saying "For quick, lively, family friendly entertainment, "Puss in Boots" works just fine, even in 3-D, which is integrated thoughtfully into the narrative and doesn't just feel like a gimmick."[37] Bill Goodykoontz of The Arizona Republic gave the film three and a half stars out of five, saying "As good as Banderas and Hayek are together, Galifianakis is better, making Humpty-Dumpty, of all people, one of the more intriguing animated characters to come along in a while. He's a nice surprise."[38] Moira MacDonald of The Seattle Times gave the film three out of four stars, saying "I left dreaming of a world in which cats could tango - and when's the last time a movie did that?"[39] Marjorie Baumgarten of The Austin Chronicle gave the film three out of five stars, saying "The seductive interplay of Banderas and Hayek, the barely recognizable vocal contributions of Galifianakis, and the Southern backwoods speech of Thornton and Sedaris all keep us attuned to the events on the screen."[40]

text: Owen Gleiberman of Entertainment Weekly gave the film a C, saying "In the Shrek films, the joke of Puss in Boots, with his trilled consonants and penchant for chest-puffing sword duels, is that no one this cuddly should try to be this dashing. But in Puss in Boots, that joke wears out its welcome in 15 minutes."[41] Ty Burr of The Boston Globe gave the film three out of four stars, saying "Puss in Boots doesn't break any new ground in the storytelling department, and its reliance on go-go-go state-of-the-art action sequences grows wearying by the end, but the movie has a devilish wit that works for parent and child alike."[42] Elizabeth Weitzman of the New York Daily News gave the film four out of five stars, saying "It's always a pleasure to find a family film that respects its audience all the way up the line."[43] Colin Covert of the Star Tribune gave the film one and a half stars out of four, saying "Remember that toy where you yank a string and hear the sound of a barnyard animal? "Puss in Boots" has about half as much entertainment value."[44] Olly Richards of Empire gave the film three out of five stars, saying "Like most kittens, it's not always perfectly behaved, but at least this new Puss adventure doesn't have you reaching for the cinematic spray bottle. And thank goodness the spin-off does nothing to neuter the charismatic cat's appeal."[45] Stan Hall of The Oregonian gave the film a B, saying "Puss in Boots isn't particularly deep, nor does it take itself seriously -- it just wants to seek glory, win affection and cash in. Done, done and done."[46]

text: Kenneth Turan of the Los Angeles Times gave the film four out of five stars, saying "Perhaps the most engaging thing about "Puss in Boots" is that it never takes itself too seriously."[47] Stephen Holden of The New York Times gave the film three and a half stars out of five, saying "It is a cheerfully chaotic jumble of fairy tale and nursery rhyme characters parachuted into a Spanish storybook setting."[48] Lou Lumenick of the New York Post gave the film one and a half stars out of four, saying "Basically, this toon is a tired riff on Sergio Leone's spaghetti Westerns, punctuated by more puns and cat jokes than you can shake a litter box at."[49] Claudia Puig of USA Today gave the film three out of four stars, saying "With his impeccable comic timing and lyrical Spanish accent, Banderas' swashbuckling charmer is an undeniable treat."[50] Michael O'Sullivan of The Washington Post gave the film three out of four stars, saying "Puss in Boots" proves there is at least one cat with multiple lives. The feature-length animated spinoff - a star turn for the popular "Shrek" supporting character voiced by Antonio Banderas - is almost shockingly good. And not just because a lot of you will approach it with lowered expectations."[51] Stephen Whitty of the Newark Star-Ledger gave the film three out of four stars, saying "An almost purr-fect little film that even a dog owner can enjoy."[52]

text: Joe Morgenstern of The Wall Street Journal gave the film a positive review, saying "Puss made his debut in "Shrek 2," then did time in the two decreasingly funny sequels. Now he's got a movie of his own, and not a moment too soon."[53] Lisa Kennedy of The Denver Post gave the film three out of four stars, saying "It would overstate matters to say Puss in Boots leaves its cat holding the bag (we had to get that in). But it also leaves its hero awaiting a richer fable, one befitting his charms and his portrayer's talents."[54] Anna Smith of Time Out gave the film three out of five stars, saying "Puss in Boots is uneven, but when it's on course, cat fans will be in heaven."[55] Amy Biancolli of the Houston Chronicle gave the film three out of five stars, saying "Puss in Boots prances along on three basic truths. One, cats are funny. Two, vain Spanish cats in high-heeled musketeer boots are even funnier. Lastly, booted, vain Spanish cats voiced by a breathy Antonio Banderas are flat-out hilarious."[56] Tasha Robinson of The A.V. Club gave the film a C+, saying "Puss In Boots makes a great theme-park ride, a thrill-a-minute feast for the eyes and the semicircular canals. But while the settings are impressively multidimensional, the characters are flatter than old-school cel drawings."[57]

text: Box office[edit]

text: The film grossed $149,260,504 in North America, and $405,726,973 in other countries, for a worldwide total of $554,987,477.[2] It is the eleventh highest-grossing film of 2011 and is also the third highest-grossing animated film that year behind Kung Fu Panda 2 ($665.7 million) and Cars 2 ($559.9 million).[58]

text: In North America, the film topped the box office on its opening day with $9.6 million.[59] On its opening weekend, the film made $34,077,439,[60][61] topping Saw III's record ($33.6 million) for the highest Halloween weekend opening ever.[62] It retained first place during its second weekend, with $33,054,644, declining only 3%.[63]

text: Outside North America, on its opening weekend, it earned second place with $17.2 million.[64] The film opened at #1 in both the UK with a weekend gross of £1.98 million ($3.1 million),[65] and Australia, with $2.98 million.[66] It topped the box office outside North America on its seventh weekend with $47.1 million from 40 countries.[67] It ranks as the ninth highest-grossing film of 2011 outside North America.[68] Its highest-grossing country after North America was Russia and the CIS ($50.6 million), followed by Germany ($33.9 million) and France and the Maghreb region ($33.2 million).[69]

text: Accolades[edit]

text:
Award
Category
Recipient
Result

Academy Awards[12]
Best Animated Feature
Chris Miller
Nominated

Alliance of Women Film Journalists[70]
Best Animated Film

Best Animated Female
Salma Hayek

Annie Awards[71]
Best Animated Feature

Animated Effects in an Animated Production
Can Yuksel

Character Animation in a Feature Production
Olivier Staphylas

Character Design in a Feature Production
Patrick Mate

Directing in a Feature Production
Chris Miller

Music in a Feature Production
Henry Jackman

Storyboarding in a Feature Production
Bob Logan

Voice Acting in a Feature Production
Zach Galifianakis

Editing in a Feature Production
Eric Dapkewicz

Critics' Choice Awards[72]
Best Animated Feature

Chicago Film Critics Association Awards
Animated Film

Golden Globe Awards[73]
Best Animated Feature Film

Kids Choice Awards[74][75]
Favorite Animated Movie

Won

Favorite Voice From an Animated Movie
Antonio Banderas
Nominated

Producers Guild of America Awards[76]
Best Animated Theatrical Motion Pictures
Joe M. Aguilar, Latifa Ouaou

Satellite Awards[77]
Best Animated or Mixed Media Film

Toronto Film Critics Association[78]
Best Animated Feature

Washington D.C. Area Film Critics Association Awards[79]
Best Animated Feature

Women Film Critics Circle[80]
Best Animated Females

Won

Saturn Awards[81]
Best Animated Film

Teen Choice Awards[82]
Choice Movie Actress Action/Adventure
Salma Hayek
Nominated

text: Expanded franchise[edit]

text: Sequel[edit]

text: In November 2012, executive producer Guillermo del Toro said that they already did a couple of script drafts for a sequel, and that the director Chris Miller wants to take Puss on an adventure to exotic places.[15] In April 2014, Antonio Banderas, the voice of Puss, said that the work on the sequel had just begun.[83] In June 2014, the movie was titled Puss in Boots 2: Nine Lives & 40 Thieves and was scheduled to be released on November 2, 2018.[84] Two months later, it was moved back to December 21, 2018.[6] In January 2015, Puss in Boots 2 was removed from the release schedule following corporate restructuring and DreamWorks Animation's new policy to release two films a year.[85][7] Two months later, Banderas said in an interview that the script was under restructuring, and that Shrek may appear in the film.[86]

text: Animated series[edit]

text: The film also spawned an animated series that premiered on Netflix on January 16, 2015.[5]

text: Video games[edit]

text:
Puss in Boots, a video game based on the film, developed by Blitz Games, and published by THQ on October 25, 2011 for Xbox 360, PlayStation 3, Wii, and Nintendo DS.[87] It features support for Kinect and PlayStation Move on the respective platforms.[88]
Fruit Ninja: Puss in Boots, a Puss in Boots-themed Fruit Ninja video game, which was released on October 20, 2011, on the iOS App Store,[89] and was released for Android devices on November 28, 2011, on the Amazon Appstore.[90]

text: Notes[edit]

text: ^ In July 2014, the film's distribution rights were purchased by DreamWorks Animation from Paramount Pictures.[91]

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