document_title: List of Academy Award records

question_text: who has the most oscar nominations in history

text: List of Academy Award records

text: Most awards[edit]

text:
Most awards won by a single film

Three films have won 11 Academy Awards:

Ben-Hur (1959) – 15 categories available for nomination; nominated for 12
Titanic (1997) – 17 categories available for nomination; nominated for 14
The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King (2003) – 17 categories available for nomination; nominated for 11

Most nominations received by a single film

Three films have received 14 nominations:

All About Eve (1950) – 16 categories available for nomination; won 6 awards
Titanic (1997) – 17 categories available for nomination; won 11 awards
La La Land (2016) – 17 categories available for nomination; won 6 awards

text: (Note: contrary to All About Eve and La La Land which were nominated in 12 and 13 different categories respectively, Titanic's nominations were clear, meaning that actually is the only picture that could have won more than 13 Oscars.)

text:
Largest sweep (winning awards in every nominated category)

The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King (2003) won all 11 categories for which it was nominated: Best Picture, Director, Adapted Screenplay, Original Score, Original Song, Sound Mixing, Art Direction, Makeup, Costume Design, Film Editing, and Visual Effects

Most awards won by an individual

Walt Disney won 22 Oscars.

Most awards won by a woman

Edith Head won eight Oscars, all for Costume Design

Most nominations in a single year / Most awards in a single year

In 1954, Walt Disney won four awards out of six nominations, both records. He won Best Documentary, Features for The Living Desert; Best Documentary, Short Subjects for The Alaskan Eskimo; Best Short Subject, Cartoons for Toot Whistle Plunk and Boom; and Best Short Subject, Two-reel for Bear Country. He had two additional nominations in Best Short Subject, Cartoons for Rugged Bear; and Best Short Subject, Two-reel for Ben and Me.

Most awards won by a person who is still living

Visual Effects Supervisor Dennis Muren has won nine Academy Awards – six competitive awards, two "Special Achievement" awards, and one "Technical Achievement" award

Most competitive awards won by a person who is still living

Composer Alan Menken has won eight competitive Academy Awards

Acting

Katharine Hepburn won four awards, all for Best Actress

Directing

John Ford won the most directing awards, with four

Cinematography

The highest number of Academy Awards won by a cinematographer is four:

Joseph Ruttenberg, in 1938, 1942, 1956, and 1958
Leon Shamroy, in 1942, 1944, 1945, and 1963

Art Direction

Cedric Gibbons, who designed the Oscar statuette, won 11 awards out of a total of 39 nominations.[1]

Makeup

Rick Baker won seven Academy Awards (all for Best Makeup)

Most awards won by a country for Best Foreign Language Film

Italy won 14 awards in this category and received, in total, 32 nominations

Most nominations received by a country for Best Foreign Language Film

France received 40 nominations and won the award 12 times

Most awards won by a foreign-language film

Two foreign-language films have won four Academy Awards:

Fanny and Alexander (1982) won Best Foreign Language Film, Best Cinematography, Best Art Direction, and Best Costume Design
Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon (2000) won Best Foreign Language Film, Best Art Direction, Best Original Score, and Best Cinematography

Most nominations received by a foreign-language film

Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon (2000) received ten nominations: Best Foreign Language Film, Best Picture, Best Director, Best Adapted Screenplay, Best Original Song, Best Costume Design, Best Art Direction, Best Film Editing, Best Original Score, and Best Cinematography

text: Awards for debut acting or directing performances on film[edit]

text: The following individuals won Academy Awards for their film debut acting performances:

text:
Best Actor

None

Best Actress

Shirley Booth (Come Back, Little Sheba, 1952)
Julie Andrews (Mary Poppins, 1964)
Barbra Streisand (Funny Girl, 1968)
Marlee Matlin (Children of a Lesser God, 1986)

Best Supporting Actor

Harold Russell (The Best Years of Our Lives, 1946)
Timothy Hutton (Ordinary People, 1980)
Haing S. Ngor (The Killing Fields, 1984)

Best Supporting Actress

Gale Sondergaard (Anthony Adverse, 1936)
Katina Paxinou (For Whom the Bell Tolls, 1943)
Mercedes McCambridge (All the King's Men, 1949)
Eva Marie Saint (On the Waterfront, 1954)
Jo Van Fleet (East of Eden, 1955)
Tatum O'Neal (Paper Moon, 1973)
Anna Paquin (The Piano, 1993)
Jennifer Hudson (Dreamgirls, 2006)
Lupita Nyong'o (12 Years a Slave, 2013) [2][3][4]

Academy Juvenile Award

Claude Jarman Jr. (The Yearling, 1946)
Vincent Winter (The Little Kidnappers, 1954) [2][3][5]

text: The following individuals won Academy Awards for their film debut direction.

text:
Best Director

Delbert Mann (Marty, 1955)
Jerome Robbins (West Side Story, 1961)
Robert Redford (Ordinary People, 1980)
James L. Brooks (Terms of Endearment, 1983)
Kevin Costner (Dances with Wolves, 1990)
Sam Mendes (American Beauty, 1999) [2][3][6]

text: Big Five winners[edit]

text: Three films have received the Big Five Academy Awards: Best Picture, Director, Actor, Actress, and Screenplay (Original or Adapted).[7][8][9]

text:
It Happened One Night (1934)
One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest (1975)
The Silence of the Lambs (1991)

text: Most consecutive awards[edit]

text:
Any awards

Walt Disney was awarded a record of 10 awards in the eight consecutive years from 1931/32 through 1939. Eight (listed below) are for Short Subject (Cartoon), and two were Special Awards: one for the creation of Mickey Mouse, and one recognizing the innovation of Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs.

Best Actress

Two actresses have won two consecutive awards:

Luise Rainer (The Great Ziegfeld, 1936 and The Good Earth, 1937)
Katharine Hepburn (Guess Who's Coming to Dinner, 1967 and The Lion in Winter, 1968)

Best Actor

Two actors have won two consecutive awards:

Spencer Tracy – Captains Courageous (1937) and Boys Town (1938)
Tom Hanks – Philadelphia (1993) and Forrest Gump (1994) [7][10]

Best Director

Three directors have won two consecutive awards:

John Ford – The Grapes of Wrath (1940) and How Green Was My Valley (1941)
Joseph L. Mankiewicz – A Letter to Three Wives (1949) and All About Eve (1950) [7][11]
Alejandro G. Iñárritu – Birdman or (The Unexpected Virtue of Ignorance) (2014) and The Revenant (2015)

Best Supporting Actor

Jason Robards won two consecutive awards for All the President's Men in 1976 and Julia in 1977[12][13]

Best Supporting Actress

No consecutive winner for Best Supporting Actress

Best Picture

David O. Selznick produced two consecutive Best Picture winners Gone with the Wind in 1939 and Rebecca in 1940. (He himself was not awarded the Oscars as at the time the statuette went to the studio instead of the producer.)

Best Original Screenplay

No consecutive winner for Best Original Screenplay

Best Adapted Screenplay

Joseph L. Mankiewicz won two consecutive adapted screenplay awards for A Letter to Three Wives in 1949 and All About Eve in 1950
Robert Bolt won for Doctor Zhivago in 1965 and A Man for All Seasons in 1966

Best Cinematography

Emmanuel Lubezki has won three consecutive awards for Gravity in 2013, Birdman or (The Unexpected Virtue of Ignorance) in 2014 and The Revenant in 2015

Best Art Direction

Thomas Little won three consecutive awards for Best Art Direction, Black and White, for the films How Green Was My Valley in 1941, This Above All in 1942, and The Song of Bernadette in 1943. Little also won an Oscar the next year in 1944 for Best Art Direction, Color for the film Wilson.

Best Film Editing

Angus Wall and Kirk Baxter won for The Social Network in 2010 and The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo in 2011

Best Original Score

Roger Edens won three consecutive awards for composing the scores for Easter Parade (1948), On the Town (1949), and Annie Get Your Gun (1950)

Best Original Song

Three composers have won two consecutive awards for best original song, but under different award names:

Henry Mancini (music) and Johnny Mercer (lyrics) shared the awards for Best Music (Song) for "Moon River" from Breakfast at Tiffany's in 1961 and "Days of Wine and Roses" from Days of Wine and Roses in 1962
Alan Menken (music) won twice consecutively for Best Music (Original Song) for "Beauty and the Beast" from Beauty and the Beast (lyrics by Howard Ashman) in 1991 and "A Whole New World" from Aladdin (lyrics by Tim Rice) in 1992

Best Visual Effects

Jim Rygiel and Randall William Cook won 3 consecutive visual effects Oscars for The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring, The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers, and The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King in 2001, 2002, and 2003 respectively.

Best Sound Mixing

Thomas Moulton won three consecutive awards for The Snake Pit in 1948, Twelve O'Clock High in 1949, and All About Eve in 1950.

Best Costume Design

Edith Head won three consecutive awards for The Heiress in 1949, All About Eve in 1950, and A Place in the Sun in 1951.

Best Short Subject (Cartoon)

Walt Disney won eight consecutive awards for Flowers and Trees in 1931/32, Three Little Pigs in 1932/33, The Tortoise and the Hare in 1934, Three Orphan Kittens in 1935, The Country Cousin in 1936, The Old Mill in 1937, Ferdinand the Bull in 1938, and The Ugly Duckling in 1939

Best Short Subject (Two-Reel)

Walt Disney won four consecutive awards for In Beaver Valley in 1950, Nature's Half Acre in 1951, Water Birds in 1952, and Bear Country in 1953

Best Documentary (Feature)

Walt Disney won two consecutive awards for The Living Desert in 1953 and The Vanishing Prairie in 1954

text: Academy Award firsts[edit]

text:
First woman to win Best Picture

Julia Phillips for The Sting (1973)

First woman to win Best Director

Kathryn Bigelow for The Hurt Locker (2009)

First woman to win Best Animated Feature

Brenda Chapman for Brave (2012)

First woman to receive an Honorary Award

6 year old Shirley Temple received a Special Award in 1934
Greta Garbo received an Honorary Award in 1954

First foreign-language film to be nominated for Best Picture

Grand Illusion (1937), in French

First science fiction film to be nominated for Best Picture

A Clockwork Orange (1971)

First horror film to be nominated for Best Picture

The Exorcist (1973)

First animated film to be nominated for Best Picture

Beauty and the Beast (1991)

First fantasy film to win Best Picture

The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King (2003)

First 3-D films to be nominated for Best Picture

Avatar and Up (2009)

First film with an entirely non-white cast to win Best Picture

Slumdog Millionaire (2008)

First film with an all-black cast to win Best Picture

Moonlight (2016)

First animated film to be nominated for Best Foreign Language Film

Waltz with Bashir (2008), representing Israel

First animated film to be nominated for Best Original Screenplay and for a Best Screenplay award in general

Toy Story (1995)

First animated film to be nominated for Best Adapted Screenplay

Shrek (2001)

First actress to be nominated for a performance in a 3-D film

Sandra Bullock for Gravity (2013)

First actor to be nominated for a performance in a 3-D film

Matt Damon for The Martian (2015)

First film to receive the most nominations of its year without receiving a Best Picture nomination

Dreamgirls (2006), with eight nominations

First X-rated film to win Best Picture

Midnight Cowboy (1969). It was also the first X-rated film to be nominated for Best Picture and the only one to date to have won it.

First actor to receive ten nominations for acting

Laurence Olivier received his tenth nomination (for Best Actor and Best Supporting Actor) for the film The Boys from Brazil (1978)

First actress to receive ten nominations for acting

Bette Davis received her tenth official nomination (all for Best Actress) for the film What Ever Happened to Baby Jane? (1962)

First actress to receive twenty nominations for acting

Meryl Streep received her twentieth nomination (for Best Actress and Best Supporting Actress) for the film Florence Foster Jenkins (2016)

First posthumous nomination for acting

Jeanne Eagels, nominated for Best Actress for The Letter (1929)

First posthumous nomination for a male actor

James Dean, nominated for Best Actor for East of Eden (1955)

First posthumous win for acting

Peter Finch won Best Actor for Network (1976)

First actress to be nominated for performing in a language other than English

Melina Mercouri was nominated for Best Actress for Never on Sunday (1960), performing in Greek

First actor to be nominated for performing in a language other than English

Marcello Mastroianni was nominated for Best Actor for Divorce, Italian Style (1962), performing in Italian

First actress to win for performing in a language other than English

Sophia Loren won Best Actress for Two Women (1961), performing in Italian

First actor to win for performing in a language other than English

Robert De Niro won Best Supporting Actor for The Godfather Part II (1974), performing in Italian

First actress to win for performing in a sign language

Marlee Matlin won Best Actress for Children of a Lesser God (1986), performing in American Sign Language

First French actress to be nominated for performing in the French language

Anouk Aimée was nominated for Best Actress for A Man and a Woman (1966)

First French actress to win for performing in the French language

Marion Cotillard won Best Actress for La Vie en rose (2007). She's the only one to date to have won it.

First Nordic actress to be nominated for acting

Greta Garbo (from Sweden) was nominated for Best Actress for Anna Christie (1930)

First Nordic actor to be nominated for acting

Max von Sydow (from Sweden) was nominated for Best Actor for Pelle the Conqueror (1988)

First Nordic actress to win for acting

Ingrid Bergman (from Sweden) won Best Actress for Gaslight (1944)

First actor from Africa to be nominated for acting

Basil Rathbone (from South Africa), nominated for Best Supporting Actor for Romeo and Juliet (1936)

First actress from Africa to win for acting

Charlize Theron (from South Africa), won Best Actress for Monster (2003)

First actress from Asia to win for acting

Miyoshi Umeki (from Japan), won Best Supporting Actress for Sayonara (1957)

First Asian (and non-Caucasian) to win Best Director

Ang Lee (from Taiwan) for Brokeback Mountain (2005)

First Australian actress to win Best Actress

Nicole Kidman for The Hours (2002) – Born in the U.S.

First Australian actor to win Best Actor

Peter Finch for Network (1976)

First French actress to win Best Actress

Claudette Colbert for It Happened One Night (1934)

First French actor to win Best Actor

Jean Dujardin for The Artist (2011)

First Italian actress to win Best Actress

Anna Magnani for The Rose Tattoo (1955)

First Italian actor to win Best Actor

Roberto Benigni for Life Is Beautiful (1998)

First German actress to win Best Actress

Luise Rainer for The Great Ziegfeld (1937)

First German actor to win Best Actor

Emil Jannings (born in Switzerland) for The Way of All Flesh (1927) and The Last Command (1928)

First Austrian actor to win twice for acting

Christoph Waltz won Best Supporting Actor for Inglorious Basterds (2009) and Django Unchained (2012)

First persons from India to win in any music category

A. R. Rahman won Best Original Score and Best Original Song ("Jai Ho") for Slumdog Millionaire (2008)
Gulzar also won Best Original Song ("Jai Ho") for Slumdog Millionaire (2008)

First Middle Eastern/North African actor to be nominated for acting

Omar Sharif, nominated for Best Supporting Actor for Lawrence of Arabia (1962)

First Middle Eastern movie to win Best Foreign Language Film

A Separation (2011), representing Iran

First foreign actress to be nominated twice for Best Actress for foreign-language films without the films receiving a Best Foreign Language Film nomination

Marion Cotillard (from France) won Best Actress for La Vie en Rose (2007) and was nominated for Two Days, One Night (2014)

First black filmmaker to win Best Picture

Steve McQueen won for producing 12 Years a Slave (2013)

First black filmmaker to be nominated for Best Director

John Singleton for Boyz n the Hood (1991)

First black actress to win for acting

Hattie McDaniel won Best Supporting Actress for Gone with the Wind (1939)

First black actor to win for acting

Sidney Poitier won Best Actor for Lilies of the Field (1963)

First black actress to win Best Actress

Halle Berry for Monster's Ball (2001)

First black actress to win for film acting debut

Jennifer Hudson won Best Supporting Actress for Dreamgirls (2006)

First year in which two black actors/actresses won for acting

74th Academy Awards (in 2002, for 2001): Denzel Washington won Best Actor for Training Day; Halle Berry won Best Actress for Monster's Ball

First black African actor to be nominated for acting

Djimon Hounsou (born in Benin, U.S.-Benin dual citizen), nominated for Best Supporting Actor for In America (2003)

First black writer to win for screenwriting

Geoffrey S. Fletcher won Best Adapted Screenplay for Precious: Based on the Novel "Push" by Sapphire (2009)

First African American to receive an Honorary Award

James Baskett received a Special Award for his portrayal of Uncle Remus in Song of the South (1946)

First Latin American director to win Best Director

Alfonso Cuarón from Mexico won for Gravity in 2014

First Latin American actress to be nominated for Best Actress

Fernanda Montenegro from Brazil was nominated for Best Actress for Central Station (1998)

First Latin American actor to win Best Actor

José Ferrer from Puerto Rico won for Cyrano de Bergerac in 1950

First Muslim actor to win in an acting category

Mahershala Ali for Moonlight in 2016

First child actor to receive an Academy Award nomination [14]

Jackie Cooper, age 9, was nominated for Best Actor for Skippy (1931)

First short film to win an Academy Award outside of the Short Film categories

The Red Balloon (1956) for Best Original Screenplay

text: Age-related records[edit]

text:
Youngest winner of an acting award

Tatum O'Neal, age 10 (Best Supporting Actress, Paper Moon, 1973)

Youngest nominee for an acting award

Justin Henry, age 8 (Best Supporting Actor, Kramer vs. Kramer, 1979)

Youngest female winner of a lead acting award

Marlee Matlin, age 21 (Best Actress, Children of a Lesser God, 1986)

Youngest male winner of a lead acting award

Adrien Brody, age 29 (Best Actor, The Pianist, 2002)

Youngest male nominee for a lead acting award

Jackie Cooper, age 9 (Best Actor, Skippy, 1931)

Youngest female nominee for a lead acting award

Quvenzhané Wallis, age 9 (Best Actress, Beasts of the Southern Wild, 2012) [15][16] (also first person born in the 21st century to be nominated for an Academy Award)

Youngest winner of an Oscar

Shirley Temple, age 6, who was awarded the inaugural (now retired) non-competitive Academy Juvenile Award in 1934

Youngest winner of Best Director

Damien Chazelle, age 32 (La La Land, 2016)

Youngest nominee for Best Director

John Singleton, age 24 (Boyz n the Hood, 1991)

Oldest winner of Best Director

Clint Eastwood, age 74 (Million Dollar Baby, 2004)

Oldest nominee for Best Director

John Huston, age 79 (Prizzi's Honor, 1985)

Oldest winner of an acting award

Christopher Plummer, age 82 (Best Supporting Actor, Beginners, 2011)

Oldest woman to win best Actress Award

Jessica Tandy, age 80 (Best Actress, Driving Miss Daisy, 1989)

Oldest man to win Best Actor Award

Henry Fonda, age 76 (Best Actor, On Golden Pond, 1981)

Oldest nominee for an acting award

Christopher Plummer, age 88 (Best Supporting Actor, All the Money in the World, 2017)

Oldest nominee for a lead acting award

Emmanuelle Riva, age 85 (Best Actress, Amour, 2012) [15][16]

Oldest competitive Oscar winner

Ennio Morricone, age 87 (Best Original Score, The Hateful Eight, 2015)[17][18]

Oldest competitive Oscar nominee

Agnès Varda, age 89 (Best Documentary, Faces Places, 2017)

James Ivory, age 89 (Best Adapted Screenplay, Call Me by Your Name, 2017) is eight days younger than Varda

Year where all four Acting winners had the oldest age average

1981 with a combined average age of 70·5 years old[19].

Henry Fonda (aged 77)
John Gielgud (also 77)
Katharine Hepburn (72)
Maureen Stapleton (56)

Year where all four Acting winners had the youngest age average

1980 with a combined average age of 29 years old.

Sissy Spacek (aged 31)
Robert De Niro (37)
Timothy Hutton (20)
Mary Steenburgen (28)

Youngest multiple nominees for an acting award (best actor or best supporting actor)

text:
Nomination
Name
Age
Film
Year
Date of Birth
Date of Nomination

2nd
Mineo, SalSal Mineo
7003805300000000000♠22 years, 17 days
Exodus
1960
000000001939-01-10-0000January 10, 1939
000000001961-01-27-0000January 27, 1961

3rd
Brando, MarlonMarlon Brando
7004109100000000000♠29 years, 318 days
Julius Caesar
1953
000000001924-04-03-0000April 3, 1924
000000001954-02-15-0000February 15, 1954

4th
Marlon Brando
7004112720000000000♠30 years, 315 days
On the Waterfront
1954
000000001924-04-03-0000April 3, 1924
000000001955-02-12-0000February 12, 1955

5th
Marlon Brando
7004123740000000000♠33 years, 321 days
Sayonara
1957
000000001924-04-03-0000April 3, 1924
000000001958-02-18-0000February 18, 1958

6th
Burton, RichardRichard Burton
7004161690000000000♠44 years, 98 days
Anne of the Thousand Days
1969
000000001925-11-10-0000November 10, 1925
000000001970-02-16-0000February 16, 1970

7th
Nicholson, JackJack Nicholson
7004171010000000000♠46 years, 300 days
Terms of Endearment
1983
000000001937-04-22-0000April 22, 1937
000000001984-02-16-0000February 16, 1984

8th
Jack Nicholson
7004178210000000000♠48 years, 289 days
Prizzi's Honor
1985
000000001937-04-22-0000April 22, 1937
000000001986-02-05-0000February 5, 1986

9th
Jack Nicholson
7004185630000000000♠50 years, 301 days
Ironweed
1987
000000001937-04-22-0000April 22, 1937
000000001988-02-17-0000February 17, 1988

10th
Jack Nicholson
7004203910000000000♠55 years, 302 days
A Few Good Men
1992
000000001937-04-22-0000April 22, 1937
000000001993-02-18-0000February 18, 1993

text: Youngest multiple nominees for an acting award (best actress or best supporting actress)

text:
Nomination
Name
Age
Film
Year
Date of Birth
Date of Nomination

2nd
Lansbury, AngelaAngela Lansbury
7003740800000000000♠20 years, 103 days
The Picture of Dorian Gray
1945
000000001925-10-16-0000October 16, 1925
000000001946-01-27-0000January 27, 1946

3rd
Lawrence, JenniferJennifer Lawrence
7003855500000000000♠23 years, 154 days
American Hustle
2013
000000001990-08-15-0000August 15, 1990
000000002014-01-16-0000January 16, 2014

4th
Lawrence, JenniferJennifer Lawrence
7003928300000000000♠25 years, 152 days
Joy
2015
000000001990-08-15-0000August 15, 1990
000000002016-01-14-0000January 14, 2016

5th
Winslet, KateKate Winslet
7004114330000000000♠31 years, 110 days
Little Children
2006
000000001975-10-05-0000October 5, 1975
000000002007-01-23-0000January 23, 2007

6th
Winslet, KateKate Winslet
7004121630000000000♠33 years, 109 days
The Reader
2008
000000001975-10-05-0000October 5, 1975
000000002009-01-22-0000January 22, 2009

7th
Davis, BetteBette Davis
7004134530000000000♠36 years, 304 days
Mr. Skeffington
1944
000000001908-04-05-0000April 5, 1908
000000001945-02-03-0000February 3, 1945

8th
Streep, MerylMeryl Streep
7004144830000000000♠39 years, 238 days
A Cry in the Dark
1988
000000001949-06-22-0000June 22, 1949
000000001989-02-15-0000February 15, 1989

9th
Meryl Streep
7004152110000000000♠41 years, 236 days
Postcards from the Edge
1990
000000001949-06-22-0000June 22, 1949
000000001991-02-13-0000February 13, 1991

10th
Meryl Streep
7004170370000000000♠46 years, 236 days
The Bridges of Madison County
1995
000000001949-06-22-0000June 22, 1949
000000001996-02-13-0000February 13, 1996

text: Film records[edit]

text:
Most nominations for a single film

Three films received 14 nominations:

All About Eve (1950)
Titanic (1997)
La La Land (2016)

Most Oscars without winning Best Picture

Cabaret won 8 awards (1972)

Most nominations without winning Best Picture

La La Land (2016) with 14 nominations

Most nominations without any wins

Two films received 11 nominations without winning any awards:

The Turning Point (1977)
The Color Purple (1985)

Most nominations without a Best Picture nomination

They Shoot Horses, Don't They? (1969) with 9 nominations

Most Oscars without a nomination for Best Picture

The Bad and the Beautiful (1952) with 5 wins

Fewest nominations for a Best Picture winner

Grand Hotel (1932) received only the Best Picture nomination.

Nominations in the most different technical categories

Five films have been nominated in all 7 technical categories (Cinematography, Costume Design, Film Editing, Production Design/Art Direction, Sound Editing, Sound Mixing, and Visual Effects):

Titanic (1997)
Master and Commander: The Far Side of the World (2003)
Hugo (2011)
Mad Max: Fury Road (2015)
The Revenant (2015)

Most nominations without a major nomination (Picture, Director, Acting and Screenplay)

These 6 films got 6 nominations with no major nominations:

The Rains Came (1939)
Hans Christian Andersen (1952)
It's a Mad, Mad, Mad, Mad World (1963)
Empire of the Sun (1987)
Who Framed Roger Rabbit (1988) (note: received 7 nominations when you include a "special achievement")
Terminator 2: Judgment Day (1991)

Best picture nominees that won every nomination except Best Picture

These 14 films were nominated for Best Picture and won in every category they were nominated for except Best Picture:

Bad Girl (1931), 2/3
The Private Life of Henry VIII (1932), 1/2
Naughty Marietta (1935), 1/2
The Story of Louis Pasteur (1936), 3/4
The Adventures of Robin Hood (1938), 3/4
Miracle on 34th Street (1947), 3/4
The Treasure of the Sierra Madre (1948), 3/4
A Letter to Three Wives (1949), 2/3
King Solomon's Mines (1950), 2/3
Three Coins in the Fountain (1954), 2/3
Jaws (1975), 3/4
Traffic (2000), 4/5
The Blind Side (2009), 1/2
Selma (2014), 1/2

Films nominated for Best Picture with no other major nominations

These 28 films were nominated for Best Picture but had no other major nominations (this does not include films that were only nominated for Best Picture and nothing else):

Wings (1927), 2 nominations (winner)
42nd Street (1933), 2 nominations
A Farewell to Arms (1933), 4 nominations
Cleopatra (1934), 5 nominations
Flirtation Walk (1934), 2 nominations
The Gay Divorcee (1934), 5 nominations
Imitation of Life (1934), 3 nominations
The White Parade (1934), 2 nominations
David Copperfield (1935), 3 nominations
Les Misérables (1935), 4 nominations
A Midsummer Night's Dream (1935), 4 nominations (note: really had 2, but 2 more were write in noms)
Naughty Marietta (1935), 2 nominations
Top Hat (1935), 4 nominations
A Tale of Two Cities (1936), 2 nominations
The Adventures of Robin Hood (1938), 4 nominations
Of Mice and Men (1939), 4 nominations
The Wizard of Oz (1939), 6 nominations
King Solomon's Mines (1950), 3 nominations
Decision Before Dawn (1951), 2 nominations
Three Coins in the Fountain (1954), 3 nominations
The Music Man (1962), 6 nominations
Doctor Dolittle (1967), 9 nominations
Hello, Dolly! (1969), 7 nominations
Jaws (1975), 4 nominations
Beauty and the Beast (1991), 6 nominations
The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers (2002), 6 nominations
War Horse (2011), 6 nominations
Selma (2014), 2 nominations

Stories made into multiple Best Picture nominees

6 sets of Best Picture nominees share either original source material or were revised versions of the same story (* =winner):

Cleopatra (1934), Cleopatra (1963)
Mutiny on the Bounty (1935)*, Mutiny on the Bounty (1962)
Romeo and Juliet (1936), West Side Story (1960)*, Romeo and Juliet (1968). (The plot of another Best Picture winner, Shakespeare in Love, revolves around the original production of Romeo and Juliet)
Les Misérables (1935), Les Misérables (2012)
Pygmalion (1938), My Fair Lady (1964)*
Here Comes Mr. Jordan (1941), Heaven Can Wait (1978)

First Best Picture produced wholly by non-Americans

Hamlet (1948), United Kingdom

First Best Picture produced wholly by non-Americans or non-British

The Artist (2011), France

Most wins by a film produced wholly or partially by non-Americans

Two films have received 9 awards:

The Last Emperor (1987), United Kingdom/Italy/China/France/United States
The English Patient (1996), United Kingdom

Most nominations for a film produced wholly or partially by non-Americans

Two non-American films have received 13 nominations:

Shakespeare in Love (1998), United Kingdom
The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring (2001), New Zealand/United States

Best Picture with no female speaking roles

Lawrence of Arabia (1962)

text: Acting records[edit]

text:
Most awards for leading actress

Katharine Hepburn with 4 awards (1933, 1967, 1968*, 1981) (*Hepburn tied with Barbra Streisand in 1968.)

Most awards for leading actor

Daniel Day-Lewis with 3 awards (1989, 2007, 2012)

Most awards for supporting actor

Walter Brennan with 3 awards (1936, 1938, 1940)

Most consecutive leading actress nominations

Two actresses have been nominated 5 years in a row:

Bette Davis (1938–1942)
Greer Garson (1941–1945)

Most consecutive leading actor nominations

Marlon Brando with four nominations (1951 to 1954)

Actress with most total nominations for acting

Meryl Streep with 21 nominations

Actor with most total nominations for acting

Jack Nicholson with 12 nominations

Most acting nominations without an award

Peter O'Toole with 8 nominations (He received an Honorary Award in 2002)

Most nominations for an actor performing in a foreign language

Marcello Mastroianni with 3 nominations. He was nominated for Best Actor for Divorce, Italian Style (1962); A Special Day (1977) and Dark Eyes (1987), performing in Italian

Longest gap between first and second award

Helen Hayes won in 1932 for The Sin of Madelon Claudet and in 1971 for Airport, a 39-year gap

Longest time span between first and last nomination and between first and last award

Katharine Hepburn: 48 years from Morning Glory (1933, in the 1932/33 awards) until On Golden Pond (1981)

Most acting nominations before first award

Both Geraldine Page and Al Pacino won on their 8th nomination

Most posthumous nominations

James Dean with 2 (1955 for East of Eden and 1956 for Giant)

Shortest performance to win an acting Oscar

Beatrice Straight in Network (1976) – 5 minutes and 2 seconds

Shortest performance to win a lead acting Oscar

Patricia Neal in Hud (1963) – 21 minutes and 51 seconds [20]

Shortest performance to be nominated for an acting Oscar

Hermione Baddeley in Room at the Top (1959) – 2 minutes and 19 seconds

Shortest performance to be nominated for a lead acting Oscar

Spencer Tracy in San Francisco (1936) – 14 minutes and 58 seconds

Longest performance to win an acting Oscar

Vivien Leigh in Gone with the Wind (1939) – 2 hours, 23 minutes and 32 seconds

Longest performance to win a supporting acting Oscar

Tatum O'Neal in Paper Moon (1973) – 1 hour, 6 minutes and 58 seconds

Longest performance to be nominated for an acting Oscar

Vivien Leigh in Gone with the Wind (1939) – 2 hours, 23 minutes and 32 seconds

Longest performance to be nominated for a supporting acting Oscar

Frank Finlay in Othello (1965) – 1 hour, 30 minutes and 43 seconds

Most awards by an African American actor

Denzel Washington with 2, winning Best Supporting Actor for Glory (1989) and Best Actor for Training Day (2001)

Most awards for one acting performance

Harold Russell played Homer Parish in The Best Years of Our Lives in 1946. For this role he received 2 Oscars, one for Best Supporting and an honorary award for being an inspiration to all returning veterans.

Most nominations for one acting performance

Barry Fitzgerald was nominated as Best Actor and won for Best Supporting Actor for his role as Father Fitzgibbon in 1944's Going My Way

Years where all four Acting winners were born outside the United States

1964

Best Actor - Rex Harrison for My Fair Lady, United Kingdom
Best Actress - Julie Andrews for Mary Poppins, United Kingdom
Best Supporting Actor - Peter Ustinov for Topkapi, United Kingdom
Best Supporting Actress - Lila Kedrova for Zorba the Greek, Russia

2007

Best Actor - Daniel Day-Lewis for There Will Be Blood, United Kingdom
Best Actress - Marion Cotillard for La Vie en Rose, France
Best Supporting Actor - Javier Bardem for No Country for Old Men, Spain
Best Supporting Actress - Tilda Swinton for Michael Clayton, United Kingdom

text: Miscellaneous records[edit]

text:
Most nominations in different decades Six decades – John Williams, Elmer Bernstein[citation needed]
Only people to win both a Nobel Prize and an Oscar

George Bernard Shaw: Won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1925, and an Oscar for Best Adapted Screenplay in 1938 for the film Pygmalion
Bob Dylan: Won an Oscar for Best Original Song for the song "Things Have Changed" from Wonder Boys in 2000, and the Nobel Prize in Literature in 2016.

Only woman to win Best Actress and Best Original Song

Barbra Streisand: Best Actress (joint) for Funny Girl (1968); Best Original Song for the Love Theme ("Evergreen") from A Star Is Born (1976)

Only person to win an Academy Award for acting and writing

Emma Thompson

Only person nominated for Acting, Writing, Producing, and Directing the same film

Warren Beatty was nominated in the four categories for Heaven Can Wait (1978), and again for Reds (1981).

Only actor to win an Academy Award for portraying a real Academy Award winner

Cate Blanchett won Best Supporting Actress for portraying Katharine Hepburn in The Aviator

Only actor to win an Academy Award for portraying a fictional Academy Award nominee

Maggie Smith won Best Supporting Actress in California Suite

Most total nominations without a win

Greg P. Russell has earned 16 nominations in the Best Sound Mixing category. (This does not include his nomination at the 89th Academy Awards for 13 Hours: The Secret Soldiers of Benghazi, which was revoked the day before the ceremony.)[21]

Most total nominations before receiving an award

Film composer Victor Young was nominated 21 times without winning. He was often nominated multiple times in one year; twice, four times at the same Oscars. He won posthumously for Around the World in 80 Days, alongside yet another nomination (also posthumous).
Sound re-recording mixer Kevin O'Connell comes in at a close second, with 20 unsuccessful nominations from 1983 until 2016, when he finally won for Hacksaw Ridge.

Most nominations for a person

Walt Disney with 59; followed by composer John Williams with 51; composer Alfred Newman with 43; production designer Cedric Gibbons with 39; costume designer Edith Head with 35; songwriter Sammy Cahn with 26; composer Max Steiner with 25; Woody Allen with 23; composer Victor Young with 22; Billy Wilder and sound mixer Kevin O'Connell tied with 21

Most nominations for a living person

Film composer John Williams with 51

Most nominated woman

Edith Head with 35

Highest "perfect score"

Sound editor Mark Berger has four nominations and four wins

Most nominations for directing

William Wyler with 12 nominations

Most wins for producing

Two producers received 3 awards:

Sam Spiegel
Saul Zaentz

Most nominations for producing

Steven Spielberg with 10 nominations

Most nominations for directing in a single year

Two people have received 2 nominations for Best Director in the same year:

Michael Curtiz for Angels with Dirty Faces and Four Daughters in 1938
Steven Soderbergh for Erin Brockovich and Traffic in 2000

Most Best Picture awards for a film series

The Godfather series with 2 (for The Godfather and The Godfather Part II)

Most nominations and awards for a film series

The Middle-earth series with 17 competitive wins out of 37 nominations (for The Lord of the Rings and The Hobbit).

Most nominations for Best Original Screenplay

Woody Allen with 16 nominations and 3 wins

Longest time between the release of a film and winning an Oscar

Limelight (1952) is the only film to have won an award twenty years after its official release. Since it was not released in Los Angeles County until 1972, it was not eligible for any Academy Awards until that time.

Most posthumous award wins

William A. Horning won in 1958 for Best Art Direction for Gigi, and for Best Art Direction for Ben-Hur in 1959

Most posthumous award nominations

Howard Ashman with four

Lowest-grossing film to win Best Picture

Cimarron with $1,380,000

Longest film to win Best Picture

Gone with the Wind, 224 minutes (238 with overture, entr'acte, and exit music)

Longest film to win an award

O.J.: Made in America (2016), 467 minutes (Academy Award for Best Documentary)
The longest fictional film to win an award was War and Peace (1968), 431 minutes (Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film)

Shortest film to win Best Picture

Marty, 90 minutes

Most acting awards for a character

Portrayals of Vito Corleone won:

Best Actor for Marlon Brando in The Godfather
Best Supporting Actor for Robert De Niro in The Godfather Part II

Most nominations for a character

3 portrayals of Queen Elizabeth I of England earned nominations for:

Cate Blanchett in Elizabeth and Elizabeth: The Golden Age (Best Actress)
Judi Dench in Shakespeare in Love (winner, Best Supporting Actress)

3 Portrayals of King Henry VIII of England earned nominations for:

Charles Laughton in The Private Life of Henry VIII (winner, Best Actor)
Robert Shaw in A Man for All Seasons (Best Supporting Actor)
Richard Burton in Anne of the Thousand Days (Best Actor)

21 other characters have been nominated twice – (*) = winning portrayal:

Abraham Lincoln – Raymond Massey, Daniel Day-Lewis (*)
Arthur Chipping – Robert Donat (*), Peter O'Toole
Cyrano de Bergerac – Jose Ferrer (*), Gerard Depardieu
Esther Blodgett – Janet Gaynor, Judy Garland
"Fast Eddie" Felson – Paul Newman (*)
Father Chuck O'Malley – Bing Crosby (*)
Father Fitzgibbons – Barry Fitzgerald (*) – nominated for Best Actor and Best Supporting Actor for the same performance in Going My Way
Henry Higgins – Leslie Howard, Rex Harrison (*)
Howard Hughes – Jason Robards, Leonardo DiCaprio
Iris Murdoch – Judi Dench, Kate Winslet – portrayals of the same character at different ages in the same film (Iris)
Joe Pendleton – Robert Montgomery, Warren Beatty
King Henry II of England – Peter O'Toole
King Henry V of England – Laurence Olivier, Kenneth Branagh
Leslie Crosbie – Jeanne Eagels, Bette Davis
Max Corkle – James Gleason, Jack Warden
Michael Corleone – Al Pacino
Norman Maine – Fredric March, James Mason
Richard Nixon – Anthony Hopkins, Frank Langella
Rocky Balboa – Sylvester Stallone
Rooster Cogburn – John Wayne (*), Jeff Bridges
Rose DeWitt Bukater – Kate Winslet and Gloria Stuart – portray of the same character at different ages in the same film (Titanic)
Vito Corleone – Marlon Brando (*), Robert DeNiro (*)

text:
Most Royalty and Leaders portrayed

43 portrayals of monarchs or civil leaders (real and fictional), have been nominated for acting awards, with 10 winners.
Great Britain is the most represented nation.

Overall, there have been 15 Nominations and 4 wins for portrayals of British monarchs.

In addition, Vanessa Redgrave was nominated for her portrayal of Mary, Queen of Scots.

3 portrayals of British Prime Ministers have been nominated, with 2 wins

The only portrayal of a non-British monarch to win an award was Yul Brynner as King Mongkut of Siam in The King and I.
9 portrayals of Presidents of the United States - 2 of them fictional - have been nominated, with Daniel Day-Lewis's portrayal of Abraham Lincoln the only winner.
Portrayals of 4 French kings and Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte have nominations.
3 portrayals of Dictators have been nominated:

Forest Whitaker won for his portrayal of Idi Amin in The Last King of Scotland
Charlie Chaplin and Jack Oakie were nominated for their turns as the dictators of Tomainia and Bacteria in The Great Dictator.

11 portrayals of spouses/consorts of leaders have been nominated, with Katherine Hepburn's Eleanor of Aquitaine the only winner.

text:
Most Honorary Awards

Bob Hope received 5 honorary awards – 2 Special, 2 Honorary, and the Jean Hersholt Humanitarian Award.[22]

text: Oscar speeches[edit]

text:
Longest speech

The longest Oscar speech was that given by Greer Garson at the 15th Academy Awards after she was named Best Actress for 1942 for Mrs. Miniver. Her speech ran for nearly six minutes.[23] It was shortly after this incident that the Academy set forty-five seconds as the allotted time for an acceptance speech and began to cut the winners off after this time limit. When presenting the Best Actor award at the 24th Academy Awards, Garson quipped, "I think I have ten minutes left over from a highly emotional speech I made a few years ago. I'd be glad to give it to them."

Shortest speech

The shortest Oscar speech was that given by Patty Duke at the 35th Academy Awards after she was named Best Supporting Actress for 1962 for The Miracle Worker. Duke, age 16, was the youngest person at that time to receive an Academy Award in a competitive category. Her acceptance speech was, simply, two words – "Thank you" – after which she walked off the stage.[24]

text: Tied winners[edit]

text: There have been six two-way ties:

text:
1931/32: Best Actor – Wallace Beery (The Champ) and Fredric March (Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde)
1949: Best Documentary Short – A Chance to Live and So Much for So Little
1968: Best Actress – Katharine Hepburn (The Lion in Winter) and Barbra Streisand (Funny Girl)
1986: Best Documentary – Artie Shaw: Time Is All You've Got and Down and Out in America
1994: Best Short Film (Live Action) – Franz Kafka's It's a Wonderful Life and Trevor
2012: Best Sound Editing – Paul N. J. Ottosson (Zero Dark Thirty) and Per Hallberg and Karen Baker Landers (Skyfall)


document_title: AT HOP card

question_text: where do you get an at hop card

question_tokens: where do you get an at hop card

root

text: AT HOP card

text: Card operation[edit]

text: The AT HOP card is a dark blue credit-card-sized stored-value contactless smartcard that can hold prepaid funds (called HOP Money) to pay for fares or for monthly passes for unlimited travel within one or more of three "transport zones". Either facility must be added to the card before travel. Passengers "tag on" and "tag off" their card on electronic terminals when entering and leaving the transport system in order to validate it or deduct funds.

tag: p

text: Cards may be "topped-up" or monthly passes purchased in the following ways: online, at ticket machines, at ticketing offices, and at selected retail outlets such as bookshops. Top ups may be made by credit or debit card, with the latter three mediums accepting cash payment. The card is designed to reduce the number of transactions at ticket offices and the number of paper tickets. Usage is encouraged by offering cheaper fares than the cash ticket option, although there is an initial once-only fee to purchase the card. Monthly and/or multiple trip travel is only available with the AT HOP card.

text: The card can be used only for fare payments and only on Auckland Transport routes; it cannot be used to pay for refreshments or other items. It cannot be used to pay for travel on the Northern Explorer passenger train running between Auckland and Wellington or on inter-city bus services.

text: The AT HOP cards are based on near field communication (NFC) with DESFire with support of 3DES and AES, enabling 168-128 bit keys. This encryption give card holders the ability to not have their card simply cloned.[citation needed]

text: History[edit]

text: In 2008, the Auckland Regional Transport Authority announced its intentions to develop an integrated ticketing system for the region's public transport services, called the Auckland Integrated Fares System (AIFS).

text: An initial system developed with a consortium including the French Thales Group and New Zealand-based Snapper Services was announced in 2010, however subsequent difficulties with the development of technologies for the system saw the termination of Auckland Transport's agreement with Snapper. The council-controlled organisation confirmed Thales would be contracted with ongoing development of the system across the entirety of the region's transport network.

text: HOP/Snapper card debacle[edit]

text: Snapper Services Ltd, a subsidiary of Infratil, made a joint bid with ANZ, New Zealand Post, Eyede, Unisys and Beca Group for the contract of developing Auckland's integrated ticketing system.[5] However, the contract was awarded to the Thales Group. Snapper lodged a complaint, later dismissed, questioning the legitimacy of the tender process.[6]

text: Snapper announced in late-2009 that it would begin rolling out its Snapper card onto NZ Bus services (but no other Auckland bus company or service),[7] in spite of the Auckland Regional Transport Authority-Thales integrated ticketing arrangement. In response, the Auckland Regional Transport Authority called the Snapper announcement "premature"[8] citing the development of ARTA's integrated ticketing offering still in development with Thales and confirming that all public transport operators in Auckland, including NZ Bus, would be required to participate in ARTA's system. Replacing the Auckland Regional Transport Authority in 2010, Auckland Transport announced it had invited Snapper to work with the council-controlled organisation and Thales on the ticketing system.[9] Auckland Transport confirmed Snapper would develop a contactless smart card and supply buses with ticketing terminals that would support the Thales developed back-end, to be rolled out initially on NZ Bus services and later on ferry and train services in time for the Rugby World Cup 2011.

text: In April 2011, Auckland Transport announced the "HOP card", developed by Snapper,[10] with initial rollout on all NZ Bus services. This iteration of the "HOP card" was met with initial confusion as to its capabilities and the extent of Auckland Transport's integration with Snapper[11] and Snapper's pre-existing infrastructure, which included the ability to make minor transactions with merchants and retailers. Concerns were also raised as to the ability of Auckland's ticketing system to work with Snapper cards used on Wellington's transport network[12] and vice versa, with Auckland Transport later instructing NZ Bus drivers not to accept the Wellington implementation of the Snapper card.

text: Auckland Transport subsequently announced in early-2012 that bus passengers would be required to "swap out" their HOP/Snapper cards for a new integrated ticketing card, also called "HOP", as the Snapper offering would not be supported on ferries, trains and on some bus services.[13]

text: Snapper faced difficulties in developing its technology to work with the Thales system,[14] with Thales' New Zealand chief executive citing that the "failure of Snapper to deliver a functional bus system that meets the ratified standard has caused delays to project go-live". Snapper's "failure" to meet the November 30 deadline imposed by Auckland Transport ultimately led to the organisation severing its relationship with Snapper,[15] citing "concerns about whether Snapper could modify its system in a suitable timeframe". Snapper maintained it was "wrongly blamed" for the delays,[16] declaring “Auckland Transport is being disingenuous with its attempt to position Snapper as the reason that the [integrated ticketing] project is delayed."

text: Auckland Transport confirmed it had commissioned Thales to provide the new iteration of the "HOP" smart card – called "AT HOP" – and its ticketing terminals, replacing the HOP/Snapper offering on NZ Bus services and introducing the new card onto ferries, trains and all other bus services.[15]

text: Launch[edit]

text: The current blue 'AT HOP card' began rolling out on public transport, starting with the rail network on 28 October 2012.[17] The rollout for all Auckland bus, train and ferry services was completed by March 2014.[18]

text: Spark (then Telecom) had trialed a 'virtual AT HOP card' on Android phones with NFC and intended it for release in late 2013.[19]

text: Post-launch operation[edit]

text: A fee of 25 cents for each top up was abolished in July 2014.[20]

text: In September 2016, it was reported that the one millionth AT Hop card had been sold, and that 42 per cent of Auckland adults had a card as of June (2016).[21]


document_title: List of extreme points of the United States

question_text: eastern most point in the continental united states

text: Northernmost points[edit]

text:
[show]Map this section's coordinates using OSM
Map this section's coordinates using Google

Export this section's coordinates as KML

Export this section's coordinates as GPX

Map all microformatted coordinates

Place data as RDF

tag: table

text:
Point Barrow, Alaska 71°23′20″N 156°28′45″W / 71.38889°N 156.47917°W / 71.38889; -156.47917 (Point Barrow) – northernmost point in all U.S. territory
Barrow (Utqiaġvik), Alaska 71°17′44″N 156°45′59″W / 71.29556°N 156.76639°W / 71.29556; -156.76639 (Barrow) – northernmost incorporated place in all U.S. territory, population about 4,000
Fairbanks, Alaska 64°50′22.94″N 147°43′14.63″W / 64.8397056°N 147.7207306°W / 64.8397056; -147.7207306 (Fairbanks City Hall)  – northernmost city of more than 20,000 residents, and northernmost city with public road access
Anchorage, Alaska 61°13′4.17″N 149°53′33.17″W / 61.2178250°N 149.8925472°W / 61.2178250; -149.8925472 (Anchorage City Hall) – northernmost city of more than 250,000 residents
Northwest Angle Inlet in Lake of the Woods, Minnesota 49°23′04.1″N 95°9′12.2″W / 49.384472°N 95.153389°W / 49.384472; -95.153389 (Northwest Angle) – northernmost point in the 48 contiguous states (because of incomplete information at the time of the Treaty of Paris (1783) settling the American Revolutionary War)
Sumas, Washington 49°00′08.6″N 122°15′40″W / 49.002389°N 122.26111°W / 49.002389; -122.26111 (Sumas, WA) – northernmost incorporated place in the 48 contiguous states (because of 19th century survey inaccuracy placing the international border slightly north of the 49th parallel here.[1])
Lynden, Washington 48°56′43″N 122°27′10″W / 48.94528°N 122.45278°W / 48.94528; -122.45278 (Lynden City Hall)  – northernmost city of more than 10,000 residents in the 48 contiguous states
Bellingham, Washington 48°45′19.12″N 122°28′43.54″W / 48.7553111°N 122.4787611°W / 48.7553111; -122.4787611 (Bellingham City Hall)  – northernmost city of more than 50,000 residents in the 48 contiguous states
Everett, Washington 47°58′41″N 122°12′27″W / 47.97806°N 122.20750°W / 47.97806; -122.20750 (Everett City Hall)  – northernmost city of more than 100,000 residents in the 48 contiguous states
Spokane, Washington 47°39′37″N 117°25′25″W / 47.66028°N 117.42361°W / 47.66028; -117.42361 (Spokane City Hall)  – northernmost city of more than 200,000 residents in the 48 contiguous states
Seattle, Washington 47°36′13.81″N 122°19′48.56″W / 47.6038361°N 122.3301556°W / 47.6038361; -122.3301556 (Seattle City Hall)  – northernmost city of more than 500,000 residents in the United States
Alaska has the northernmost geographic center of all the states. North Dakota has the northernmost geographic center of the 48 contiguous states.

tag: ul

text: Southernmost points[edit]

text:
Amundsen–Scott South Pole Station, Antarctica (90°0′0″S 0°0′0″E / 90.00000°S 0.00000°E / -90.00000; 0.00000 (South Pole)) – southernmost point under United States jurisdiction
Rose Atoll, American Samoa (14°34′11″S 168°9′10″W / 14.56972°S 168.15278°W / -14.56972; -168.15278 (Rose Atoll)) – southernmost point in all U.S.-controlled territory
Palmyra Atoll - southernmost point in all U.S. incorporated territory
Ka Lae, Hawaii (18°54′39″N 155°40′52″W / 18.91083°N 155.68111°W / 18.91083; -155.68111 (Ka Lae)) – southernmost point in the 50 states
Nā'ālehu, Hawaii (19°3′57″N 155°35′15″W / 19.06583°N 155.58750°W / 19.06583; -155.58750 (Nā'ālehu, HI)) – southernmost town in the 50 states
Hilo, Hawaii (19°41′58″N 155°4′51″W / 19.69944°N 155.08083°W / 19.69944; -155.08083) - southernmost place with a population over 25,000 in the 50 states
City and County of Honolulu, Hawaii – southernmost incorporated place in the 50 states (Hawaii's only incorporated place)
Western Dry Rocks, Florida (24°26.8′N 81°55.6′W / 24.4467°N 81.9267°W / 24.4467; -81.9267 (Western Dry Rocks)) – In the Florida Keys - southernmost point in the 48 contiguous states occasionally above water at low tide
Ballast Key, Florida (24°31′15″N 81°57′49″W / 24.52083°N 81.96361°W / 24.52083; -81.96361 (Ballast Key)) – southernmost point in the 48 contiguous states continuously above water
Key West, Florida (24°32′38.724″N 81°48′17.658″W / 24.54409000°N 81.80490500°W / 24.54409000; -81.80490500 (Key West, FL)) – southernmost incorporated place in the contiguous 48 states
Cape Sable, Florida (25°7′6″N 81°5′11″W / 25.11833°N 81.08639°W / 25.11833; -81.08639 (Cape Sable)) – southernmost point on the U.S. mainland
Florida City, Florida – Southernmost municipality in continental USA
Miami, Florida – the southernmost major metropolitan city in the 48 contiguous states
Cameron County, Texas 25°50′14.5″N 97°23′39.9″W / 25.837361°N 97.394417°W / 25.837361; -97.394417 – Southernmost point on the Mexico–United States border.
Hawaii has the southernmost geographic center of all the states. Florida has the southernmost geographic center of the 48 contiguous states.

text: Easternmost points[edit]

text:
Point Udall, St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands 17°45′19″N 64°33′54″W / 17.75528°N 64.56500°W / 17.75528; -64.56500 (Point Udall, St. Croix) – easternmost point in all U.S. territory, by direction of travel
Christiansted, United States Virgin Islands 17°44′54″N 64°43′00″W / 17.7482°N 64.7168°W / 17.7482; -64.7168 (Christainsted) – easternmost town in all US territory, by direction of travel
Sail Rock, Maine 44°48′45.2″N 66°56′49.3″W / 44.812556°N 66.947028°W / 44.812556; -66.947028 (Sail Rock), just offshore of West Quoddy Head, Maine – easternmost point in the 50 states, by direction of travel
West Quoddy Head, Maine 44°48′55.4″N 66°56′59.2″W / 44.815389°N 66.949778°W / 44.815389; -66.949778 (West Quoddy Head) – easternmost point on the U.S. mainland
Lubec, Maine 44°49′03″N 66°57′00″W / 44.817419°N 66.949895°W / 44.817419; -66.949895 (Lubec, ME) – easternmost incorporated place in the 50 states
Eastport, Maine – easternmost incorporated city in the 50 states[2]
Calais, Maine – easternmost city of more than 2,500 residents in the 50 states
Houlton, Maine – easternmost city of more than 5,000 residents in the 50 states
Bangor, Maine – easternmost city of more than 20,000 residents in the 50 states
Portland, Maine – easternmost city of more than 50,000 residents in the 50 states
Boston, Massachusetts – easternmost major U.S. city (more than 500,000 residents)
Pochnoi Point, Semisopochnoi Island, Alaska 51°57′42″N 179°46′23″E / 51.96167°N 179.77306°E / 51.96167; 179.77306 (Pochnoi Point, Semisopochnoi Island) – easternmost point in all U.S. territory by longitude—ironically, in the Alaskan Aleutian Islands "west" of the westernmost point in the U.S. by longitude (Amatignak Island) due to interposition of 180° longitude, which conventionally divides "west" from "east" in geographic terms.
Peacock Point, Wake Island 19°16′13.2″N 166°39′26.3″E / 19.270333°N 166.657306°E / 19.270333; 166.657306 (Peacock Point, Wake Island) – first sunrise (at equinox) in all U.S. territory
Northern Islands Municipality, Northern Mariana Islands 16°01′38″N 146°03′52″E / 16.0271°N 146.0645°E / 16.0271; 146.0645 (Farallon de Medinilla) – easternmost municipality in all U.S. territory, by longitude
Maine has the easternmost geographic center of the 50 states.

text: Westernmost points[edit]

text:
Point Udall, Guam (13°26′51″N 144°37′5.5″E / 13.44750°N 144.618194°E / 13.44750; 144.618194 (Point Udall, Guam)) – westernmost point in all U.S. territory, by direction of travel
Peaked Island, offshore from Cape Wrangell, Attu Island, Alaska 52°55′14″N 172°26′16″E / 52.92056°N 172.43778°E / 52.92056; 172.43778 (Peaked Island) – westernmost point in the 50 states by direction of travel, and last sunset (at equinox) in all U.S. territory. West of it passes the International Date Line, after which come Russian territorial islands
Amatignak Island, Alaska 51°16′7″N 179°8′55″W / 51.26861°N 179.14861°W / 51.26861; -179.14861 (Amatignak Island) – technically, westernmost point in all of U.S. territory by longitude, but not the westernmost of the U.S. Aleutian Islands. It possesses the highest longitude west figure (179°8'55"W) before 180° longitude, which passes west of it. After 180°, longitude is termed "east" and declines numerically.
Adak, Alaska 51°49′21″N 176°42′53″W / 51.8224°N 176.7147°W / 51.8224; -176.7147 (Adak, AK) – westernmost incorporated city in the 50 states
Unalaska, Alaska 53°53′20″N 166°31′38″W / 53.888984°N 166.527239°W / 53.888984; -166.527239 (Unalaska, AK) - westernmost city of more than 2,500 residents in the 50 states
Cape Prince of Wales, Alaska 65°38′32″N 168°7′8″W / 65.64222°N 168.11889°W / 65.64222; -168.11889 (Cape Prince of Wales) – westernmost point on the North American continent
Anchor Point, Alaska (59°46′20.8914″N 151°52′2.373″W / 59.772469833°N 151.86732583°W / 59.772469833; -151.86732583 (Anchor Point, AK)) – Westernmost point on the continuous road system of North America[3]
Umatilla Reef, offshore from Cape Alava, Washington (48°11.1′N 124°47.1′W / 48.1850°N 124.7850°W / 48.1850; -124.7850 (Umatilla Reef)) – westernmost point in the 48 contiguous states occasionally above water at low tide
Bodelteh Islands, offshore from Cape Alava, Washington 48°10′42.7″N 124°46′18.1″W / 48.178528°N 124.771694°W / 48.178528; -124.771694 (Bodelteh Islands) – westernmost point in the 48 contiguous states continuously above water
Cape Alava, Washington (48°9′51″N 124°43′59″W / 48.16417°N 124.73306°W / 48.16417; -124.73306 (Cape Alava)) – westernmost point on the U.S. mainland (contiguous)
Ozette, Washington 48°09′17″N 124°40′02″W / 48.154722°N 124.667222°W / 48.154722; -124.667222 (Ozette, WA) – westernmost town in the 48 contiguous states
Port Orford, Oregon 42°45′15″N 124°30′45″W / 42.754065°N 124.512605°W / 42.754065; -124.512605 (Port Orford, OR) – westernmost incorporated place in the 48 contiguous states
Brookings, Oregon – westernmost city of more than 5,000 residents in the 48 contiguous states
Coos Bay, Oregon – westernmost city of more than 10,000 residents in the 48 contiguous states
Eureka, California – westernmost city of more than 25,000 residents in the 48 contiguous states
Corvallis, Oregon – westernmost city of more than 50,000 residents in the 48 contiguous states
Eugene, Oregon – westernmost city of more than 100,000 residents in the 48 contiguous states
Portland, Oregon – westernmost city of more than 500,000 residents in the United States
Hawaii has the westernmost geographic center of all the states. Oregon has the westernmost geographic center of the 48 contiguous states.

text: Interpretation of easternmost and westernmost[edit]

text: There are three methods for reckoning the eastern and western extremes of the United States.

text: One method is to use the Prime Meridian as the dividing line between east and west. This meridian running through Greenwich, London, is defined as zero degrees longitude and could be called the least eastern and least western place in the world. The 180th meridian, on the opposite side of the globe, is therefore the easternmost and westernmost place in the world.

text: Another method is to use the International Date Line as the easternmost–westernmost extreme. On the equinox, the easternmost place would be where the day first begins, and the westernmost is where the day last ends.[citation needed]

text: Still another method is to first determine the geographic center of the country and from there measure the shortest distance to every other point. All U.S. territory is spread across less than 180° of longitude, so from any spot in the U.S. it is more direct to reach Point Udall, U.S. Virgin Islands, by traveling east than by traveling west. Likewise, there is not a single point in U.S. territory from which heading east is a shorter route to Point Udall, Guam, than heading west would be, even accounting for circumpolar routes. The two Udalls for whom the two Points are named were brothers, Mo Udall in Guam and Stewart Udall in the Virgin Islands.[4]

text: Highest points[edit]

text:
Denali, Alaska, United States 63°4′9″N 151°0′23″W / 63.06917°N 151.00639°W / 63.06917; -151.00639 (Mount McKinley) – highest summit in the United States, all US territories, and North America at 20,310 feet (6,190.5 m)[5]
Mount Whitney,[note 1][6][7][8] California 36°34′43″N 118°17′31″W / 36.57861°N 118.29194°W / 36.57861; -118.29194 (Mount Whitney) – highest point in the 48 contiguous states at 14,505 feet (4,421 m)
Mount Elbert,[note 2][9][10] Colorado  – highest point on the Continental Divide of North America at 14,440 feet (4,400 m)
Mauna Kea,[note 3][11] Hawaiʻi 19°49′14″N 155°28′5″W / 19.82056°N 155.46806°W / 19.82056; -155.46806 (Mauna Kea) – highest island summit in all U.S. territory and the entire Pacific Ocean at 13,796 feet (4,205 m)
Taos Ski Valley, New Mexico 36°35′52″N 105°26′42″W / 36.59778°N 105.44500°W / 36.59778; -105.44500 (Taos Ski Valley, New Mexico) – highest village limits in all U.S. territory at 12,581 feet (3,835 m) (No residents of Taos Ski Valley live above 10,350 feet (3,150 m))[12]
Winter Park, Colorado 39°53′34″N 105°45′43″W / 39.89278°N 105.76194°W / 39.89278; -105.76194 (Winter Park, CO) – highest city limits in all U.S. territory at 12,060 feet (3,680 m) (No residents of Winter Park live above 9,550 feet (2,910 m))
San Juan County, Colorado 37°49′N 107°40′W / 37.817°N 107.667°W / 37.817; -107.667 (San Juan County, Colorado) – highest U.S. county based on a mean elevation (11,240 feet (3,430 m))
Alma, Colorado 39°17′2″N 106°3′46″W / 39.28389°N 106.06278°W / 39.28389; -106.06278 (Alma, Colorado) – highest town in all U.S. territory at 10,355 feet (3,156 m); contiguous residential areas extend to 11,680 feet (3,560 m).
Leadville, Colorado 39°14′50″N 106°17′30″W / 39.24722°N 106.29167°W / 39.24722; -106.29167 (Leadville, Colorado) – highest city in all U.S. territory at 10,152 feet (3,094 m). (No residents of Leadville live above 10,360 feet (3,160 m))
Lake County Airport, Colorado 39°13′13″N 106°19′00″W / 39.22028°N 106.31667°W / 39.22028; -106.31667 (Lake County Airport) – highest airfield in all U.S. territory and North America at 9,927 feet (3,026 m)
New Mexico State Capitol, Santa Fe 35°40′56″N 105°56′23″W / 35.68222°N 105.93972°W / 35.68222; -105.93972 (New Mexico State Capitol) – highest state capitol in the United States at 7,005 feet (2,135 m)
State of Colorado 39°00′N 105°30′W / 39.000°N 105.500°W / 39.000; -105.500 (State of Colorado) – highest U.S. state based on an average elevation of 6,800 feet (2,100 m)
Mount Mitchell, North Carolina 35°45′53″N 82°15′54″W / 35.76472°N 82.26500°W / 35.76472; -82.26500 (Mount Mitchell) – highest point in eastern United States at 6,684 feet (2,037 m)
Mount Washington, New Hampshire 44°16′13″N 71°18′12″W / 44.27028°N 71.30333°W / 44.27028; -71.30333 (Mount Washington) – highest point in northeastern United States at 6,288 feet (1,917 m)
Arikaree River, Yuma County, Colorado at Kansas state line 39°58′42″N 102°3′6″W / 39.97833°N 102.05167°W / 39.97833; -102.05167 (Arikaree River) – highest U.S. state low point at 3,317 feet (1,011 m)
Beech Mountain, North Carolina 36°12′23″N 81°52′59″W / 36.20639°N 81.88306°W / 36.20639; -81.88306 is the highest incorporated community at an elevation of 5,506 feet (1,678 m) east of the Mississippi River.
Boone, North Carolina 36°12′41″N 81°40′7″W / 36.21139°N 81.66861°W / 36.21139; -81.66861 has the highest elevation (3,333 feet, 1015.9 m) of any town of its size (over 10,000 population) east of the Mississippi River.
Eisenhower Tunnel west of Denver, Colorado is the highest point on the Interstate Highway System at 11,158 feet.

text: Lowest points[edit]

text:
Badwater Basin, Death Valley, California 36°14′23″N 116°50′5″W / 36.23972°N 116.83472°W / 36.23972; -116.83472 (Badwater Basin) – lowest surface point in all U.S. territory and North America at −279 feet (−85 m)[13]
Salton Sea, California 33°19′59″N 115°50′3″W / 33.33306°N 115.83417°W / 33.33306; -115.83417 (Salton Sea) – lowest lake in all U.S. territory and North America at −226 feet (−69 m)
Furnace Creek Airport, California 36°27′50″N 116°52′53″W / 36.46389°N 116.88139°W / 36.46389; -116.88139 (Furnace Creek Airport) – lowest airfield in all U.S. territory and Western Hemisphere at −210 feet (−64 m)
Furnace Creek, California[14] 36°27′29″N 116°52′15″W / 36.45806°N 116.87083°W / 36.45806; -116.87083 (Furnace Creek, California) – lowest settlement in all U.S. territory and Western Hemisphere at −190 feet (−58 m)
Calipatria, California 33°07′32″N 115°30′51″W / 33.12556°N 115.51417°W / 33.12556; -115.51417 (Calipatria, California) – lowest city in all U.S. territory and Western Hemisphere at −184 feet (−56 m)
Ninth Ward of New Orleans, Louisiana 30°02′40″N 89°56′47″W / 30.04444°N 89.94639°W / 30.04444; -89.94639 (Ninth Ward of New Orleans, LA) – lowest surface point in eastern United States at −7 feet (−2.1 m)
New Orleans, Louisiana 29°58′N 90°03′W / 29.967°N 90.050°W / 29.967; -90.050 (New Orleans, Louisiana) – lowest city over 250,000 population in all U.S. territory and Western Hemisphere with an average elevation of −1.5 feet (−0.46 m)
State of Delaware 39°0′17″N 75°32′46″W / 39.00472°N 75.54611°W / 39.00472; -75.54611 (State of Delaware) – lowest U.S. state with an average elevation of 60 feet (18 m)
Britton Hill, Florida 30°59′18″N 86°16′55″W / 30.98833°N 86.28194°W / 30.98833; -86.28194 (Britton Hill, FL) – lowest U.S. state high point at 345 feet (105 m)
Lake Superior bottom, Michigan 46°54′31″N 86°35′52″W / 46.90861°N 86.59778°W / 46.90861; -86.59778 (Deepest Point in Lake Superior) – lowest fresh water point in all U.S. territory at −732 feet (−223 m)[15]
Puget Sound bottom, Washington 47°44.9′N 122°25.7′W / 47.7483°N 122.4283°W / 47.7483; -122.4283 (Deepest Point in Puget Sound) – lowest sea water point in the interior of the United States at −956 feet (−291 m)[16]

text: Other points[edit]

text:
Most remote point in the 50 states: Ipnavik River, National Petroleum Reserve–Alaska, 68°45′N 156°41′W / 68.750°N 156.683°W / 68.750; -156.683 (most remote point); 120 miles (190 km) from nearest habitation
Geographic center of the 50 states: approximately 20 miles (32 km) north of Belle Fourche, South Dakota, 44°58′N 103°46′W / 44.967°N 103.767°W / 44.967; -103.767 (geographic center of 50 states)
Geographic center of the 48 contiguous states: approximately 4 miles (6.4 km) west of Lebanon, Kansas, 39°50′N 98°35′W / 39.833°N 98.583°W / 39.833; -98.583 (geographic center of 48 contiguous states)
Closest to the equator: Baker Island is located at 0°11′41″N 176°28′46″W / 0.19472°N 176.47944°W / 0.19472; -176.47944 (Baker Island).[17][18][19]
The geographic center of the North American continent is located at 48°10′N 100°10′W / 48.167°N 100.167°W / 48.167; -100.167 (Geographic center of the North American continent), about 6 miles (10 km) west of Balta in Pierce County, North Dakota.[20]
The North American pole of inaccessibility is located at 43°22′N 101°58′W / 43.367°N 101.967°W / 43.367; -101.967 (North American pole of inaccessibility), about eleven miles (18 km) southeast of the town of Kyle on the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation in Bennett County, South Dakota, 1,025 miles (1,650 km) from the nearest coastline.
The southwest most point of the contiguous United States is Border Field State Park, California.[21]
The northwest most point of the contiguous United States is Cape Flattery, Washington.[22]

text: Islands[edit]

text:
Island of Hawaiʻi, Hawaiʻi 19°49′15″N 155°28′5″W / 19.82083°N 155.46806°W / 19.82083; -155.46806 (Island of Hawaii) – most extensive island in all U.S. territory at 4,028 square miles (10,430 km2) and tallest island in all U.S. territory and the entire Pacific Ocean at 13,796 feet (4,205 m)
Kodiak Island, Alaska 57°28′N 153°26′W / 57.467°N 153.433°W / 57.467; -153.433 (Kodiak Island) – most extensive Gulf of Alaska island at 3,595.09 square miles (9,311.2 km2)
Island of Puerto Rico, Puerto Rico 18°15′N 66°30′W / 18.250°N 66.500°W / 18.250; -66.500 (Island of Puerto Rico) – most extensive island of U.S. Caribbean territory at 3,515.1 square miles (9,104 km2)
Prince of Wales Island, Alaska 55°37′55″N 132°54′27″W / 55.63194°N 132.90750°W / 55.63194; -132.90750 (Prince of Wales Island) – most extensive island of the Alexander Archipelago at 2,577 square miles (6,670 km2)
Saint Lawrence Island, Alaska 63°24′54″N 170°23′58″W / 63.41500°N 170.39944°W / 63.41500; -170.39944 (Saint Lawrence Island) – most extensive Bering Sea island at 1,791.56 square miles (4,640.1 km2)
Unimak Island, Alaska 54°46′6″N 164°11′12″W / 54.76833°N 164.18667°W / 54.76833; -164.18667 (Unimak Island) – most extensive Aleutian island at 1,571.41 square miles (4,069.9 km2)
Long Island, New York 40°52′10″N 73°00′00″W / 40.86944°N 73.00000°W / 40.86944; -73.00000 (Long Island) – most extensive island of the U.S. Atlantic coast at 1,401 square miles (3,630 km2)
Padre Island, Texas 26°50′40″N 97°22′04″W / 26.84444°N 97.36778°W / 26.84444; -97.36778 (Padre Island) – most extensive Gulf of Mexico island at 209 square miles (540 km2) and longest barrier island on Earth at 113 miles (182 km)
Isle Royale in Lake Superior, Michigan 48°0′N 88°55′W / 48.000°N 88.917°W / 48.000; -88.917 (Isle Royale) – most extensive island in a lake in all U.S. territory at 206.73 square miles (535.4 km2)
Whidbey Island, Washington 48°8′11″N 122°34′57″W / 48.13639°N 122.58250°W / 48.13639; -122.58250 (Whidbey Island) – most extensive island of Puget Sound at 168.67 square miles (436.9 km2)
Santa Cruz Island, California 34°0′13″N 119°43′35″W / 34.00361°N 119.72639°W / 34.00361; -119.72639 (Santa Cruz Island) – most extensive of the Channel Islands of California at 97 square miles (250 km2)

text: Lakes[edit]

text:
Lake Michigan-Huron 45°48′N 84°45′W / 45.800°N 84.750°W / 45.800; -84.750 (Lake Michigan-Huron) – largest freshwater lake in the world by surface area, at 45,300 square miles (117,000 km2), of which 31,507 square miles (81,600 km2) is within the United States.
Lake Superior 47°42′N 87°30′W / 47.700°N 87.500°W / 47.700; -87.500 – Located along the Canada–United States border, it is the second largest freshwater lake in the world by surface area, at 31,700 sq mi (82,100 km2), of which 20,600 square miles (53,350 km2) is within the United States.[23] It is also North America's largest by volume, at 2,900 cu mi (12,000 km3). Commonly called the largest lake by surface area when Lake Michigan and Lake Huron are called separate lakes.
Great Salt Lake, Utah 41°10′N 112°35′W / 41.167°N 112.583°W / 41.167; -112.583 (Great Salt Lake) – most extensive endorheic lake at 1,700 square miles (4,400 km2)
Crater Lake, Oregon 42°57′N 122°5′W / 42.950°N 122.083°W / 42.950; -122.083 (Deepest point in Crater Lake) – deepest lake at 1,943 feet (592 m)[24]

text: Rivers[edit]

text:
Mississippi River 29°9′4″N 89°15′12″W / 29.15111°N 89.25333°W / 29.15111; -89.25333 (Mississippi River) – most extensive river basin at 1,151,000 square miles (2,980,000 km2)
Mississippi-Missouri-Jefferson Rivers 29°9′4″N 89°15′12″W / 29.15111°N 89.25333°W / 29.15111; -89.25333 (Mississippi-Missouri-Jefferson Rivers) – longest river system at 3,902 miles (6,280 km)
Missouri River 38°48′49″N 90°7′11″W / 38.81361°N 90.11972°W / 38.81361; -90.11972 (Missouri River) – longest main stem river at 2,341 miles (3,767 km)
Mississippi River 29°9′4″N 89°15′12″W / 29.15111°N 89.25333°W / 29.15111; -89.25333 (Mississippi River) – longest Gulf of Mexico main stem river at 2,202 miles (3,544 km)
Yukon River 62°35′55″N 164°47′40″W / 62.59861°N 164.79444°W / 62.59861; -164.79444 (Yukon River) – longest Bering Sea main stem river at 1,979 miles (3,185 km)
Colorado River 31°48′57″N 114°48′22″W / 31.81583°N 114.80611°W / 31.81583; -114.80611 (Colorado River) – longest Gulf of California main stem river at 1,450 miles (2,330 km)
Columbia River 46°14′39″N 124°3′29″W / 46.24417°N 124.05806°W / 46.24417; -124.05806 (Columbia River) – longest Pacific Ocean main stem river at 1,243 miles (2,000 km)
Saint Lawrence River 49°40′N 64°30′W / 49.667°N 64.500°W / 49.667; -64.500 (Saint Lawrence River) – longest Atlantic Ocean main stem river at 600 miles (970 km)
Bear River 41°27′30″N 112°17′25″W / 41.45833°N 112.29028°W / 41.45833; -112.29028 (Bear River) – longest endorheic basin main stem river at 491 miles (790 km)

text: Extremes in distance[edit]

text:
Greatest east-west distance in the 48 contiguous states: 2,800 miles (4,500 km)
Greatest north-south distance in the 48 contiguous states: 1,650 miles (2,660 km).[25]
Greatest distance between any two points within U.S. Territory: 9,514 miles (15,311 km) from Point Udall, Guam to Point Udall, St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands (formerly known as Orote Point and East Point, respectively).[26]
Greatest distance between any two points within the 50 states: 5,859 miles (9,429 km) from Kure Atoll, Hawaii to Log Point, Elliott Key, Florida.[26]
Greatest distance between any two points within the contiguous 48 states: 2,901 miles (4,669 km) from North Farallon Island, California to Sail Rock, east of West Quoddy Head, Maine.[26]
Greatest distance between any two mainland points within the contiguous 48 states: 2,892 miles (4,654 km) from Point Arena, California to West Quoddy Head, Maine.[26]
Greatest distance between two points on the same latitude: 5,823 miles (9,371 km) from Kure Atoll, Hawaii to Riviera Beach, Florida.[26]


document_title: List of Major League Baseball franchise postseason droughts

question_text: teams in mlb that haven't won a world series

question_tokens: teams in mlb that have n 't won a world series

text: Longest current World Series championship droughts[edit]

text: No World Series was played in 1994, and counts as a drought season for those franchises.

text:
Seasons
Team
Last World Series championship won
Last World Series appearance

69
Cleveland Indians
1948
2016

57
Texas Rangers
Never (franchise began 1961)
2011

49
Milwaukee Brewers
Never (franchise began 1969)
1982

49
San Diego Padres
Never (franchise began 1969)
1998

49
Washington Nationals
Never (franchise began 1969)
Never

41
Seattle Mariners
Never (franchise began 1977)
Never

38
Pittsburgh Pirates
1979
1979

34
Baltimore Orioles
1983
1983

33
Detroit Tigers
1984
2012

31
New York Mets
1986
2015

29
Los Angeles Dodgers
1988
2017

28
Oakland Athletics
1989
1990

27
Cincinnati Reds
1990
1990

26
Minnesota Twins
1991
1991

25
Colorado Rockies
Never (franchise began 1993)
2007

24
Toronto Blue Jays
1993
1993

22
Atlanta Braves
1995
1999

20
Tampa Bay Rays
Never (franchise began 1998)
2008

16
Arizona Diamondbacks
2001
2001

15
Los Angeles Angels
2002
2002

14
Miami Marlins
2003
2003

12
Chicago White Sox
2005
2005

9
Philadelphia Phillies
2008
2009

8
New York Yankees
2009
2009

6
St. Louis Cardinals
2011
2013

4
Boston Red Sox
2013
2013

3
San Francisco Giants
2014
2014

2
Kansas City Royals
2015
2015

1
Chicago Cubs
2016
2016

*
Houston Astros
2017
2017

text: The asterisk (*) represents the current defending World Series Champion

text: Longest World Series championship droughts through history[edit]

text: The first World Series was played in 1903. No World Series was played in 1904 or 1994. This list only shows droughts of 30 or more seasons and are in bold type.

text:
Seasons
Team
Previous Title
Next Title

107
Chicago Cubs
1908
2016

87
Chicago White Sox
1917
2005

85
Boston Red Sox
1918
2004

77
Philadelphia Phillies
1903*
1980

69
Cleveland Indians
1948
—

63
St. Louis Browns/Baltimore Orioles
1903*
1966

62
Washington Senators/Minnesota Twins
1924
1987

57
Washington Senators/Texas Rangers
1961*
—

55
Houston Colt .45s/Astros
1962*
2017

55
New York/San Francisco Giants
1954
2010

52
Brooklyn Dodgers
1903*
1955

49
Seattle Pilots/Milwaukee Brewers
1969*
—

49
San Diego Padres
1969*
—

49
Montreal Expos/Washington Nationals
1969*
—

42
Boston/Milwaukee Braves
1914
1957

41
Philadelphia/Kansas City/Oakland Athletics
1930
1972

41
Los Angeles-California-Anaheim Angels
1961*
2002

41
Seattle Mariners
1977*
—

38
Pittsburgh Pirates
1979
—

37
Milwaukee/Atlanta Braves
1957
1995

34
Pittsburgh Pirates
1925
1960

34
Cincinnati Reds
1940
1975

34
Baltimore Orioles
1983
—

33
Detroit Tigers
1984
—

32
Detroit Tigers
1903*
1935

31
New York Mets
1986
—

text: * Year does not indicate a title won, but rather the team's first year of existence or the first year of the modern World Series (1903).

text: World Series championship droughts by city/region[edit]

text: This list only includes cities/regions with current Major League Baseball franchises. Years during which a city/region did not field a Major League Baseball team are not counted.

text:
Region
Drought (seasons)
Last World Series title

Cleveland
69
Cleveland Indians, 1948

Washington, D.C.
60*
Washington Senators (original A.L.), 1924

Milwaukee
56**
Milwaukee Braves, 1957

San Diego
49‡
None

Dallas-Ft. Worth
46‡
None

Seattle
42‡ †
None

Pittsburgh
38
Pittsburgh Pirates, 1979

Baltimore
34
Baltimore Orioles, 1983

Detroit
33
Detroit Tigers, 1984

Cincinnati
27
Cincinnati Reds, 1990

Minneapolis–Saint Paul
26
Minnesota Twins, 1991

Denver
25‡
None

Toronto
24
Toronto Blue Jays, 1993

Atlanta
22
Atlanta Braves, 1995

Tampa-St. Petersburg
20‡
None

Phoenix
16
Arizona Diamondbacks, 2001

Los Angeles
15
Anaheim Angels, 2002

Miami-Ft. Lauderdale
14
Florida Marlins, 2003

Philadelphia
9
Philadelphia Phillies, 2008

New York City
8
New York Yankees, 2009

St. Louis
6
St. Louis Cardinals, 2011

Boston
4
Boston Red Sox, 2013

San Francisco Bay Area
3
San Francisco Giants, 2014

Kansas City
2
Kansas City Royals, 2015

Chicago
1
Chicago Cubs, 2016

Houston
0
Houston Astros, 2017

text: *city without Major League Baseball franchise for 33 seasons (1972–2004)

text: **city without Major League Baseball franchise for 4 seasons (1966–1969)

text: †city without Major League Baseball franchise for 7 seasons (1970–1976)

text: ‡number doesn't indicate a title won, but rather total seasons played.

text: World Series in which neither team had previously won a championship[edit]

text: In these instances, the World Series matchup ensured that one team would win the first championship in its history.

text:
Season
Won
Lost

1980
Philadelphia Phillies
Kansas City Royals

1920
Cleveland Indians
Brooklyn Dodgers

1909
Pittsburgh Pirates
Detroit Tigers

1907
Chicago Cubs
Detroit Tigers

1906*
Chicago White Sox
Chicago Cubs

1905*
New York Giants
Philadelphia Athletics

1903*
Boston Americans
Pittsburgh Pirates

text: *In these cases, each team was making its first World Series appearance.

text: World Series in which both teams had ended pennant droughts of 20-plus seasons[edit]

text:
Season
Won
Drought (seasons)
Lost
Drought (seasons)

2005
Chicago White Sox
45
Houston Astros
43

1948
Cleveland Indians
27
Boston Braves
33

text: World Series in which neither franchise had won a championship in 30-plus seasons[edit]

text: Teams that had never won the World Series are included, even if they were less than 30 seasons old at the time. Bold denotes team that won.

text:
Season
American League
Drought (seasons)
National League
Drought (seasons)

2016
Cleveland Indians
67
Chicago Cubs
107

2010
Texas Rangers
49*
San Francisco Giants
55

2005
Chicago White Sox
87
Houston Astros
43*

2002
Anaheim Angels
41*
San Francisco Giants
47

1997
Cleveland Indians
48
Florida Marlins
4*

1995
Cleveland Indians
46
Atlanta Braves
37

1992
Toronto Blue Jays
15*
Atlanta Braves
34

1980
Kansas City Royals
11*
Philadelphia Phillies
77*

1975
Boston Red Sox
56
Cincinnati Reds
34

1972
Oakland Athletics
40
Cincinnati Reds
31

1920
Cleveland Indians
17*
Brooklyn Dodgers
17*

1909
Detroit Tigers
6*
Pittsburgh Pirates
6*

1907
Detroit Tigers
4*
Chicago Cubs
4*

1906
Chicago White Sox
3*
Chicago Cubs
3*

1905
Philadelphia Athletics
2*
New York Giants
2*

1903
Boston Americans
0*
Pittsburgh Pirates
0*

text: Numbers marked with * indicates that the number is counted from either the franchise's first year of existence or the first year of the modern World Series (1903).

text: Major League pennant droughts[edit]

text: Longest current Major League pennant droughts[edit]

text: No pennants were won in 1994 due to the players' strike that year.

text:
Seasons
Team
Last pennant

49
Washington Nationals
Never (franchise started in 1969)

41
Seattle Mariners
Never (franchise started in 1977)

38
Pittsburgh Pirates
1979

35
Milwaukee Brewers
1982 (never since joining NL in 1998)

34
Baltimore Orioles
1983

27
Cincinnati Reds
1990

27
Oakland Athletics
1990

26
Minnesota Twins
1991

24
Toronto Blue Jays
1993

19
San Diego Padres
1998

18
Atlanta Braves
1999

16
Arizona Diamondbacks
2001

15
Los Angeles Angels
2002

14
Miami Marlins
2003

12
Chicago White Sox
2005

10
Colorado Rockies
2007

9
Tampa Bay Rays
2008

8
New York Yankees
2009

8
Philadelphia Phillies
2009

6
Texas Rangers
2011

5
Detroit Tigers
2012

4
St. Louis Cardinals
2013

4
Boston Red Sox
2013

3
San Francisco Giants
2014

2
Kansas City Royals
2015

2
New York Mets
2015

1
Chicago Cubs
2016

1
Cleveland Indians
2016

0
Houston Astros
2017

0
Los Angeles Dodgers
2017

text: Longest Major League pennant droughts through history[edit]

text: List begins with 1903, about the time the current configuration of National League and American League stabilized and also the year of the first World Series. No pennants were won in 1994 due to the players strike that year. This list only shows droughts of 20 or more seasons, which are in bold type.

text:
Seasons
Team
Prev. Pennant
Next Pennant

70
Chicago Cubs
1945
2016

49
Washington Senators/Texas Rangers
1961*
2010

49
Montreal Expos/Washington Nationals
1969*
—

45
Chicago White Sox
1959
2005

43
Houston Colt .45s/Astros
1962*
2005

41
St. Louis Browns
1903*
1944

41
Los Angeles-California-Anaheim Angels
1961*
2002

41
Seattle Mariners
1977*
—

40
Philadelphia/Kansas City/Oakland Athletics
1931
1972

40
Cleveland Indians
1954
1995

39
Chicago White Sox
1919
1959

38
Pittsburgh Pirates
1979
—

35
Milwaukee Brewers
1982
—

34
Philadelphia Phillies
1915
1950

34
Baltimore Orioles
1983
—

33
Boston Braves
1914
1948

32
Pittsburgh Pirates
1927
1960

32
Milwaukee/Atlanta Braves
1958
1991

31
Washington Senators/Minnesota Twins
1933
1965

29
Philadelphia Phillies
1950
1980

28
Kansas City Royals
1985
2014

28
Los Angeles Dodgers
1988
2017

27
Boston Red Sox
1918
1946

27
Cleveland Indians
1920
1948

27
Oakland Athletics
1990
—

27
Cincinnati Reds
1990
—

26
San Francisco Giants
1962
1989

26
Minnesota Twins
1991
—

24
Detroit Tigers
1909
1934

24
Toronto Blue Jays
1993
—

23
St. Louis Cardinals
1903*
1926

22
Detroit Tigers
1945
1968

21
St. Louis Browns/Baltimore Orioles
1944
1966

21
Minnesota Twins
1965
1987

21
Detroit Tigers
1984
2006

21
Washington Senators
1903*
1924

20
Brooklyn Dodgers
1920
1941

20
Cincinnati Reds
1940
1961

20
Boston Red Sox
1946
1967

text: * Year does not indicate a pennant, but rather the team's first year of existence or the first year of the modern World Series (1903).

text: Numbers reflect drought at start of current season.

text: Major League pennant droughts by city/region[edit]

text:
Region
Drought (seasons)
Last pennant

Washington, D.C.
51*
Washington Senators (original A.L.), 1933

Seattle
42** †
None

Pittsburgh
38
Pittsburgh Pirates, 1979

Milwaukee
35
Milwaukee Brewers, 1982 (in A.L.)

Baltimore
34
Baltimore Orioles, 1983

Cincinnati
27
Cincinnati Reds, 1990

Minneapolis–Saint Paul
26
Minnesota Twins, 1991

Toronto
24
Toronto Blue Jays, 1993

San Diego
19
San Diego Padres, 1998

Atlanta
18
Atlanta Braves, 1999

Phoenix
16
Arizona Diamondbacks, 2001

Miami-Ft. Lauderdale
14
Florida Marlins, 2003

Denver
10
Colorado Rockies, 2007

Tampa-St. Petersburg
9
Tampa Bay Rays, 2008

Philadelphia
8
Philadelphia Phillies, 2009

Dallas-Ft. Worth
6
Texas Rangers, 2011

Detroit
5
Detroit Tigers, 2012

St. Louis
4
St. Louis Cardinals, 2013

Boston
4
Boston Red Sox, 2013

San Francisco Bay Area
3
San Francisco Giants, 2014

Kansas City
2
Kansas City Royals, 2015

New York City
2
New York Mets, 2015

Cleveland
1
Cleveland Indians, 2016

Chicago
1
Chicago Cubs, 2016

Los Angeles
0
Los Angeles Dodgers, 2017

Houston
0
Houston Astros, 2017

text: **city without Major League Baseball franchise for 7 seasons (1970–1976)

text: †number doesn't indicate a title won, but rather total seasons played.

text: Postseason droughts[edit]

text: Longest current postseason droughts[edit]

text:
Seasons
Team
Last appearance

16
Seattle Mariners*
2001 ALCS

14
Miami Marlins
2003 World Series

11
San Diego Padres
2006 NLDS

9
Chicago White Sox
2008 ALDS

6
Philadelphia Phillies
2011 NLDS

6
Milwaukee Brewers
2011 NLCS

4
Cincinnati Reds
2013 NL Wild Card

4
Atlanta Braves
2013 NLDS

4
Tampa Bay Rays
2013 ALDS

3
Oakland Athletics
2014 AL Wild Card

3
Detroit Tigers
2014 ALDS

3
Los Angeles Angels
2014 ALDS

2
Pittsburgh Pirates
2015 NL Wild Card

2
St. Louis Cardinals
2015 NLDS

2
Kansas City Royals
2015 World Series

1
Baltimore Orioles
2016 AL Wild Card

1
New York Mets
2016 NL Wild Card

1
San Francisco Giants
2016 NLDS

1
Texas Rangers
2016 ALDS

1
Toronto Blue Jays
2016 ALCS

0
Colorado Rockies
2017 NL Wild Card

0
Minnesota Twins
2017 AL Wild Card

0
Arizona Diamondbacks
2017 NLDS

0
Boston Red Sox
2017 ALDS

0
Cleveland Indians
2017 ALDS

0
Washington Nationals
2017 NLDS

0
Chicago Cubs
2017 NLCS

0
New York Yankees
2017 ALCS

0
Houston Astros
2017 World Series

0
Los Angeles Dodgers
2017 World Series

text: *Also longest active drought in North American sports[citation needed]

text: Longest postseason droughts in the expanded-postseason era[edit]

text: After the postseason was expanded in 1995 to include eight teams (further expanded in 2012 to ten teams), 18 of the 30 teams qualified within the first five years, and few teams went for long droughts without at least participating in the first round of the postseason. This list only shows droughts of 15 or more seasons that occurred primarily in the expanded-postseason era, and are in bold type.

text:
Seasons
Team
Previous Postseason Appearance
Next Postseason Appearance

30
Montreal Expos/Washington Nationals
1981
2012

28
Kansas City Royals
1985
2014

25
Milwaukee Brewers
1982
2008

21
Toronto Blue Jays
1993
2015

20
Pittsburgh Pirates
1992
2013

18
Detroit Tigers
1987
2006

16
Seattle Mariners
2001
—

15
Los Angeles Angels
1986
2002


document_title: Leslie Winston

question_text: who played ben's wife cindy on the waltons

question_tokens: who played ben 's wife cindy on the waltons

text: Leslie Winston

text: Leslie Winston (born 13 May 1956) is an American actress best known for playing Cindy, wife of Ben Walton, on the television series The Waltons from 1979 to 1981.

text: Career[edit]

text: Winston played the part of Cindy, wife of Ben Walton (played by Eric Scott), in 42 episodes through the last three seasons of the series. Her debut on the show was in an episode called The Outsider (season 7, episode 20) in which Ben surprises the family by introducing them to his new wife Cindy, who is the episode's eponymous character.[1] Winston later played Cindy in four of the series reunion TV movies from 1982 to 1993. These were A Wedding on Walton's Mountain (1982), Mother's Day on Walton's Mountain (1982), A Day for Thanks on Walton's Mountain (1982) and A Walton Thanksgiving Reunion (1993). She has also made appearances on Quincy M.E. and L.A. Law.[2]

text: While filming The Waltons, Winston became a close friend of Judy Norton and Mary McDonough, who played two of her sisters-in-law; the trio were known on the set as "The Three Musketeers".[3] McDonough, who was a bridesmaid at Winston's marriage, stresses the strong bonds that were created among the series cast and states in her autobiography that they are not just like a family but "really are a family"; she describes Winston and Norton as "real sisters".[3]

text: Winston effectively retired as an actress in 1993, partly because of a broken elbow which incapacitated her for a year but mainly because she started a family and wished to devote her time to raising her two daughters. Her husband is Bob Yannetti, an assistant TV director. She turned to the less demanding role of looping and has worked on shows like Ally McBeal and Boston Legal.[4] Her husband worked as director on some episodes of the latter.[3]


document_title: Growler (electrical device)

question_text: the supply in glower is ac or dc

question_tokens: the supply in glower is ac or dc

text: Growler (electrical device)

text: A growler is an electrical device used for testing insulation of a motor for shorted coils. A growler consists of a coil of wire wrapped around an iron core and connected to a source of AC current. When placed on the armature or stator core of a motor the growler acts as the primary of a transformer and the armature coils act as the secondary. A "feeler", a thin strip of steel (hacksaw blade) can be used as the short detector.

text: Motor testing[edit]

text: The alternating magnetic flux set up by the growler passes through the windings of the armature coil, generating an alternating voltage in the coil. A short in the coil creates a closed circuit that will act like the secondary coil of a transformer, with the growler acting like the primary coil. This will induce an alternating current in the shorted armature that will in turn cause an alternating magnetic field to encircle the shorted armature coil. A flat, broad, flexible piece of metal containing iron is used to detect the magnetic field generated by a shorted armature. A hacksaw blade is commonly used as a feeler. The alternating magnetic field induced by a shorted armature is strong at the surface of the armature, and when the feeler is lightly touched to the iron core of an armature winding, small currents are induced in the feeler that generate a third alternating magnetic field surrounding the feeler.

text: With the growler energized, the feeler is moved from slot to slot. When the feeler is moved over a slot containing the shorted coil, the alternating magnetic field will alternately attract and release the feeler, causing it to vibrate in synch with the alternating current. A strong vibration of the feeler accompanied by a growling noise indicated that the coil is shorted.

text: Other uses[edit]

text: Along with the standard application the growler can be used:

text:
to test series and interpoles (commutating) fields from a DC motor
to determine phasing and polarity in multiwinding armatures
to test rotors in rotating frequency changers, as well as in wound rotors
to test shorts between turns in taped coils before installation into an armature or a stator
as a low voltage isolation transformer
as a high voltage autotransformer bucking or boosting for numerous tests on various types of equipment
for preheating or baking armatures and rotors.