document_title: Mister Rogers' Neighborhood

question_text: what was the name of the train on mr rogers

text: Mister Rogers' Neighborhood

text: History

text: The series had its genesis in 1953, when Rogers and Josie Carey joined the newly formed public television station WQED. On April 5, 1954, WQED debuted The Children's Corner, a program featuring Rogers as puppeteer and composer with Carey as host and lyricist, in an unscripted weekday afternoon live television program.[14] It was this program where many of the puppets, characters and music used in the later series were developed, such as King Friday XIII, Daniel Tiger, and X the Owl. It was also the time when Rogers began wearing his famous sneakers, as he found them to be quieter than his work shoes while he was moving about behind the set. The show won a Sylvania Award[15] for best children's show, and was briefly broadcast nationally on the NBC Television Network.[16][17][18]

text: Rogers moved to Toronto, Ontario, in 1961 to work on a new series based on The Children's Corner which was called Misterogers, a 15-minute program on CBC Television. Misterogers aired on CBC for about 4 years and a number of the set pieces that he would take with him back to the US, such as the trolley and castle, were created for the Canadian program by CBC designers and in collaboration with producer Bruce Attridge. Most importantly, Rogers appeared on camera in the new show rather than only appearing through puppets or characters. Fred Rainsberry, head of Children's Programming at CBC, persuaded Rogers to appear on camera in the new show (which he named after Rogers) after seeing him interact with children.[19] Ernie Coombs, one of the Americans whom Rogers brought with him to help develop the CBC show, would remain with CBC after Rogers returned to the US. Coombs first appeared as Mr. Dressup in the CBC program Butternut Square, conceived and produced by Attridge. Coombs then helped to develop what became Mr. Dressup which continued for several decades.[20]

text: In 1966, Rogers acquired the rights to his program from the CBC and moved the show to WQED in Pittsburgh, where he had worked on The Children's Corner. He renamed the show Misterogers' Neighborhood, which initially aired regionally in the northeastern US through EEN, including educational stations in Boston, Washington, D.C., and New York City.[20] The 100 episodes of the half-hour show incorporated the "Neighborhood of Make-Believe" segments from the CBC episodes with additional reality-based opening and closing material produced in Pittsburgh. The series was cancelled in 1967 due to lack of funding, but an outpouring of public response prompted a search for new funding.

text: In 1967, The Sears Roebuck Foundation provided funding for the program, which enabled it to be seen nationwide on National Educational Television; taping began on September 21, 1967[21] for the first national season. The first national broadcast of Misterogers' Neighborhood appeared on most NET stations on February 19, 1968. In 1970, when PBS replaced NET, it also inherited this program. Around the same time the show had a slight title change, to the more-familiar Mister Rogers' Neighborhood.

text: The show was broadcast from February 19, 1968 to February 20, 1976, and again from August 20, 1979 to August 31, 2001. The final episode was taped on December 1, 2000.[22] The studio at WQED in Pittsburgh where the series was taped was later renamed "The Fred Rogers Studio".

text: Format

text: During each half-hour segment, Rogers speaks directly to the viewer about various issues, taking the viewer on tours of factories, demonstrating experiments, crafts, and music, and interacting with his friends. Rogers also made a point to simply behave naturally on camera rather than acting out a character, stating that "One of the greatest gifts you can give anybody is the gift of your honest self. I also believe that kids can spot a phony a mile away."[2] The half-hour episodes were punctuated by a puppet segment chronicling occurrences in the Neighborhood of Make-Believe. Another segment of the show consisted of Rogers going to different places around the neighborhood, where he interviews people to talk about their work and other contributions that focused on the episode's theme, such as Brockett's Bakery, Bob Trow's Workshop, and Negri's Music Shop. In one episode, Rogers took the show behind-the-scenes on the set of The Incredible Hulk, which aired on CBS from 1978 to 1982.

text: At the start of each episode, the show's logo appears as the camera pans slowly over a model of the neighborhood, while the "Neighborhood Trolley" crosses several streets from left to right as the text reads "Mister Rogers Talks About...", as the camera goes from the neighborhood to inside the Rogers' television house. From 1979 to 1981, an alternate version of the opening sequence was used. Usually, the camera goes from the neighborhood to out on the porch of the Rogers' television house, where the viewers see Fred Rogers coming for a visit before he enters the house. This is the same model electric trolley that later in the program will transport viewers into the Neighborhood of Make-Believe.[23] After the camera goes from the neighborhood to inside the Rogers' television house, Fred Rogers is seen coming home with his jacket on, singing "Won't You Be My Neighbor?". He goes into the closet door by taking off his jacket, and hanging it up, and grabs a cardigan zipper sweater to put on. After that, he takes his dress shoes off, and grabs a pair of blue sneakers to put on. One of Rogers' sweaters now hangs in the Smithsonian Institution, a testament to the cultural influence of his simple daily ritual.[24]

text: At the end of each episode, Rogers sang "It's Such a Good Feeling" (a different song, "Tomorrow" was used from 1968–72) when he took off a pair of blue sneakers as he says "You're alive" in a higher toned voice, and grabs his dress shoes to put it back on, and then, he snaps his fingers two times. After that, Rogers goes into the closet door by taking off his cardigan zipper sweater, and hanging it up, and grabs his jacket to put it back on. Before the closing credits, Rogers got ready to go out the door by reminding the viewers: "You always make each day a special day. You know how: By just your being you/yourself. There's only one person in the whole world that's like you, and that's you. And people can like you just/exactly the way you are. I'll be back next time. Bye-bye!". During the closing credits, which is complete with the show's logo and the episode number, the camera would perform a reversed version of the opening sequence's pan shot, while the "Neighborhood Trolley" crosses streets from right to left.

text: Starting in 1979, episodes were grouped into week-long series, with each series focused on a particular topic. Rogers' monologues throughout the week explore various facets of the topic, and the ongoing story from the Neighborhood of Make-Believe serves as illustration.

text: Rogers covered a broad range of topics over the years, and the series did not shy away from issues that other children's programming avoided. In fact, Rogers endeared himself to many when, on March 23, 1970, he dealt with the death of one of his pet goldfish. The series also dealt with competition, divorce, and war. Rogers returned to the topic of anger regularly and focused on peaceful ways of dealing with angry feelings.

text: Beginning in the third season, Mister Rogers always made a clear distinction between the realistic world of his television neighborhood and the fantasy world of Make-Believe (prior to that, the line was blurred somewhat as he would often talk about it as it were real and he had a direct line of contact with the characters in it). He often discussed what was going to happen in Make-Believe before the next fantasy segment was shown ("Let's pretend that Prince Tuesday has been having scary dreams..."), and sometimes acted out bits of Make-Believe with models on a table before the camera transitioned to the live-action puppet rendition. The miniature motorized trolley, which was known in character form as "Trolley", with its accompanying fast-paced piano theme music, was the only element that appeared regularly in both the realistic world and Make-Believe: it was used to transport viewers from one realm to the other. Rogers, however, was mentioned from time to time in Make-Believe, particularly by Mr. McFeely, who appeared occasionally in the Make-Believe segments and seemed to form a link between the two worlds. The idea of the trolley came from Rogers. When he was young, there had been lots of trolleys operating in Pittsburgh, and he liked riding on them.[25] This reality/fantasy distinction put Rogers' series in sharp contrast with other children's series, such as Sesame Street and Captain Kangaroo, which freely mixed realistic and fantastic elements.

text: Trolley was a character in its own right.  Often when it crossed into the Neighborhood of Make Believe, it would stop and have a "conversation" with King Friday XIII (by moving back and forth slightly and making bell noises to respond to Friday) then continue on. Trolley also truly showed the difference between the worlds during the week when the three youngest puppet characters (Daniel Striped Tiger, Prince Tuesday, and Ana Platypus) prepared for and went to school for the first time, as it played the school bus.  When in Mister Rogers' house, it simply had two pieces of yellow construction paper shaped and drawn like the profile of a school bus stuck to each side of it, but in the Neighborhood of Make-Believe, it looked like a real school bus except with trolley wheels.

text: The series featured "Picture Picture", a rear-projection motion picture and slide projector, whose screen is encased with a picture frame. In early episodes, Picture Picture would show various films or slides at Mister Rogers' command; after the material was presented, Mister Rogers would thank Picture Picture, in which it will return a "You're Welcome" on its screen. After 1970, Picture Picture no longer operated magically, becoming merely a projector; Mister Rogers would insert a film, slides or videotape through a slot on the side, then show the material using a wired remote control. When Picture Picture was not used, a different painting would be displayed on its screen. Often it would display the words "Hello" or "Hi" at the opening.

text: The series was also notable for its use of jazz-inspired music, mostly arranged and performed by Johnny Costa, until Costa's death in 1996, when he was succeeded by Michael Moricz for the remainder of the series. The music was unique in its simplicity and flow that blended with the series' sketches and features. The music was usually played live during taping. Lyrics and melodies were written and sung by Rogers, who created more than 200 original songs.

text: Funding

text: This section does not cite any sources. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (September 2017) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

text:
N.E.T. affiliated stations (1968–70)
The Sears-Roebuck Foundation (1968–76, 1979–92)
Corporation for Public Broadcasting (1971–76, 1991–2001)
Bureau of Education for the Handicapped (1975)
Ford Foundation (1975–76)
Johnson & Johnson (1975–76)
Office of Education (1975)
Public Television Stations (1975–76, 1979–2001)

text: After the series

text: When Fred Rogers died in 2003, PBS's website provided suggestions to parents on how to respond to children who ask about Rogers' death.[26]

text: Beginning September 3, 2007, some PBS affiliates began replacing the show with new programs such as Super Why!, WordGirl and WordWorld. In June 2008, PBS announced that, beginning in late 2008, it would stop broadcasting Mister Rogers' Neighborhood as part of its daily syndication lineup to member stations, instead airing the program only once a week over the weekend.[27] Milwaukee PBS, for example, still carries the show once a week, on Sunday, over its primary HD/SD channel.[28] Beginning on September 1, 2008, the Neighborhood program was replaced by new programming such as Martha Speaks, Sid the Science Kid, and an update of The Electric Company. However, individual member stations have the option of airing the Neighborhood independently of the PBS syndicated feed, with series home WQED in particular continuing to air the series daily until 2010.[29] There was a campaign in 2008 and 2009 to urge PBS and all member stations to bring the show back seven days a week.[30]

text: To celebrate the 50th anniversary of the series' national premiere, PBS aired select episodes of Mister Rogers' Neighborhood for a week in February 2018.

text: Animated spin-off

text: In July 2011, during the annual Television Critics Association summer press tour, it was announced that a new animated spinoff series, Daniel Tiger's Neighborhood, was in production. The show debuted on most PBS stations on September 3, 2012. The series features Daniel Tiger, the four-year-old son of Daniel Striped Tiger, as a host of the series, which also features characters of the Neighborhood of Make-Believe all grown older, with the children now having families of their own.[10][31]

text: Music and regular songs

text: Regular songs

text: The song "Won't You Be My Neighbor?" was written by Fred Rogers in 1967 and was used as the opening theme for each episode of the show.

text: In the first three seasons of the show, when new episodes were constantly being produced, each show ended with the song "Tomorrow", which was written by Rogers' former colleague, Josie Carey. Starting with Season 4 in 1971,[citation needed] "Tomorrow" was used only Monday through Thursday episodes, and a new closing song, which is titled as "The Weekend Song", which was only used on Friday episodes, as the program wouldn't return until Monday.

text: Eventually, the "Tomorrow" song was removed entirely due to copyright issues, and by 1973, Rogers sang "It's Such a Good Feeling" at the end of each episode. Prior to 1973, the original version of "It's Such a Good Feeling" was used as part of Mister Rogers' general repertoire of songs. When "It's Such a Good Feeling" became the closing theme for Mister Rogers' Neighborhood in 1973, it used a rewrite of "The Weekend Song" at the end, by only using the first four lines: "And I'll be back when the day is new, and I'll have more ideas for you. And you'll have things you'll want to talk about, I will too". This was only used on Monday through Thursday episodes. But on Friday episodes, the lyric was changed to "week" instead of "day". On early episodes of this season, the line was originally written as "When tomorrow is new".

text: Music

text: Musical directors for the series:

text:
Johnny Costa (1968–96)
Michael Moricz, who took over as music director after Costa's death and served until the end of the series in 2001.

text: In addition to arranging and directing the music heard on Mister Rogers' Neighborhood, Costa, along with other musicians, performed almost all the background music heard on the series, including the show's recognizable main theme, the trolley whistle, Mr. McFeeley's frenetic speedy delivery piano plonks, the vibraphone flute-toots (played on a synthesizer) as Fred fed his fish, dreamy celesta lines, incidental music, and Rogers' entrance and exit tunes.  Each day an episode was taped, Costa and his ensemble played live in the studio for the filming. Musicians who played in this ensemble were:

text:
Johnny Costa – Piano, Celesta, Synthesizer, & Trolley Whistle
Joe Negri – Guitar
Carl McVicker Jr. – Double Bass
Bobby Rawsthorne – Drums & Percussion[32][33]

text: Even after Costa's death in 1996, much of the music heard on the program continued to be Costa's and his name continued to be listed in the show's closing credits as one of its Musical Directors.[34]

text: Broadcast history

text: The first broadcast of Mister Rogers' Neighborhood was on the National Educational Television network on February 19, 1968; the color NET logo appeared on a model building at the beginning and end of Mister Rogers' Neighborhood from 1969 to 1970. When NET ceased operations, the series moved its successor network PBS, even though episodes as late as 1971 were still copyrighted by and produced for NET.[35]

text: The series' first season (1968) consisted of 130 episodes, produced in black-and-white. For seasons 2–8 (1969–75), the show produced 65 new color episodes each year. By the end of season 8, this meant there was a library of 455 color episodes which could be repeated indefinitely. As a result of dwindling funds needed to produce the show, the decision was made to wrap-up production of the series, much to Rogers' chagrin. As a consequence, season 9 (1976) consisted of only five episodes. These five new episodes (which aired the final week of original episodes of the so-called "first series") featured Mister Rogers in his workshop, watching scenes of past episodes of his series, which he recorded on videocassettes and kept on the shelf in his workshop. On the Friday episode of that week (February 20, 1976), he reminded viewers that they, too, could watch many of those old episodes beginning the following week. Two primetime episodes were produced and aired as specials: a Christmas show in December 1977 and a "springtime"-themed show in June 1979.

text: In 1978, with more funding secured, production of the series resumed, with an eye towards "freshening up" the show by producing 15 new episodes per year. These "second series" episodes, which began airing in August 1979, would be mixed in with the already-airing cycle of repeats from the so-called "first series" (i.e., the color episodes of seasons 2–9, aired from 1969–76).

text: The series aired 15 new episodes annually between 1979 and 1993. As well, there were occasional "Mister Rogers Talks with Parents About..." specials, which featured panelists discussing ways in which parents could talk to their children about the issues discussed on Mister Rogers' Neighborhood. These specials were usually aired on weekends, just prior to the airing of a new batch of Monday-to-Friday episodes.

text:
Beginning in 1994, the production schedule was changed so that 10 new episodes a year were produced instead of 15. Shortly thereafter, as of August 11, 1995,[citation needed] the episodes from the "first series" (1968–76) were withdrawn from the repeat schedule, since there were over 200 "second series" episodes available for broadcast, and many of the first series episodes had become outdated.[citation needed]
The show's final years varied the number of episodes produced per season: season 26 (1995–96) consisted of 20 episodes, season 27 (1997) produced 10 episodes, seasons 28 and 29 (1998–99) both contained 15 episodes, and season 30 (2000) reverted to 10 episodes. The final season, season 31 (2001), consisted of only 5 episodes, centering on the theme "Celebrate The Arts".

text: A few episodes from the "first series" are available for viewing in the Paley Center for Media, including the first episode of the series and the first color episode. A complete collection of episodes, including more than 900 videotapes and scripts from the show along with other promotional materials produced by Rogers or his Family Communications Inc. production company, exists in the University of Pittsburgh's Mister Rogers' Neighborhood Archives located in the Elizabeth Nesbitt Room in the university's School of Information Sciences Building.[36]

text: Reruns

text: When PBS began re-airing the first 460 color episodes of the series in 1976, some of the earliest color episodes from 1969 and 1970 were re-edited with new voice-overs or footage. For example, in one 1970 episode where Mister Rogers demonstrates the noise-proof ear protectors that airport workers use on the tarmac, the film footage used featured a worker directing a United Airlines jet with its stylized "U" logo—which wasn't introduced until 1974. All of the episodes revised from the first series also included an extra segment following the closing credits, mentioning the episode number and additional companies that provided funding since these episodes originally aired, even though they had not provided funding at the time of original production.

text: As of  2013[update], almost all of the 1979–2001 "second series" episodes are still in active rotation on a number of PBS stations.[37][38][39] The only exception is the week-long "Conflict" series (episodes #1521–#1525), first aired during the week of November 7–11, 1983. The series/story arc covered the topics of war, bombs, and an arms race, and was created in response to the Invasion of Grenada, and the 1983 Beirut barracks bombings.[citation needed] The "Conflict" series was last aired on PBS during the week of April 1–5, 1996.[citation needed]

text: Only a few episodes of the series have been released to DVD by Anchor Bay Entertainment, although some earlier compilation-based releases were issued on VHS by Playhouse Video during the mid-1980s. 100 episodes have subsequently been released as part of Amazon Video.[40] A DVD set entitled the "It's a Beautiful Day Collection", containing 30 episodes, was released on March 27, 2018 by PBS.[41][42]

text: Twitch marathons

text: On May 11, 2017, streaming video platform Twitch announced with The Fred Rogers Company that all 886 episodes of Mister Rogers' Neighborhood would be streamed live on the Internet over an 18-day period (although several episodes were skipped over during the marathon, most notably the 1983 "Conflict" episodes).[43] The marathon began on May 15, 2017 at Noon PT and ended on June 3, 2017. The marathon included many Mister Rogers episodes that had only aired once before. During the live stream, viewers were encouraged to support their local PBS station.[43]

text: Mister Rogers' Neighborhood joined other popular PBS shows, including The Joy of Painting and The French Chef, that have been streamed on the Twitch service.[43]

text: On March 20, 2018, Twitch began streaming a 90-episode marathon to commemorate Rogers' 90th birthday, followed by a repeat marathon of the series.[44][45]

text: Characters

text: Mister Rogers' Neighborhood

text: Characters on the series include:

text:
Mr. McFeely (David Newell) the delivery man, named for Fred Rogers' maternal grandfather[46]
Neighbor Aber (Chuck Aber)
Lady Aberlin (Betty Aberlin)
Marilyn Barnett
Chef Brockett (Don Brockett)
Tony Chiroldes
Jose Cisneros
Officer Clemmons (François Clemmons)
Keith David
Emily the Poetry Lady (Emily Jacobson) (in early episodes)
Pilot Ito (Yoshi Ito)
Mrs. McFeely (Betsy Nadas)
Handyman Negri (Joe Negri)
Sergio Pinto
John Reardon
Miss Paulificate (Audrey Roth)
Mayor Maggie (Maggie Stewart)
Bob Trow

text: Other regular puppeteers included

text:
Michael Horton
Lenny Meledandri (1980–2001)
Carole Switala

text: The human characters who appeared in the Neighborhood of Make-Believe were mostly imaginary versions of people who lived in Mr. Rogers' "real" neighborhood.  For example, Joe "Handyman" Negri is a jazz-guitarist who has taught music at several Pittsburgh universities and who operates the musical-instrument shop on Rogers' street.[47] The non-make-believe version of Betty Aberlin was an actress. Audrey Roth operated a janitorial service in the real neighborhood, but was royal phone operator "Miss Paulifficate" in Make-Believe. Only Mr. McFeely, Mrs. McFeely, and Chef Brockett appeared substantially the same way in both Mr. Rogers' Neighborhood and the Neighborhood of Make-Believe.

text: Neighborhood of Make-Believe

text: The "Neighborhood of Make-Believe" is the fictional kingdom visited by Mr. Rogers during the show. Characters in the Neighborhood of Make-Believe were portrayed by both hand puppets and actors.

text:
Anna Platypus (Carole Switala)
Betty Okonak Templeton-Jones (Michael Horton)
Bob Dog (Bob Trow)
Collette (Fred Rogers)
Cornflake S. Pecially (Fred Rogers)
Cousin Mary Owl (Mary Rawson)
Cousin Steven Owl (Stephen Lee)
Daniel Striped Tiger (Fred Rogers)
Donkey Hodie (Fred Rogers)
Dr. Duckbill Platypus (Bill Barker)
Edgar Cooke (Fred Rogers)
Elsie Jean Platypus (Bill Barker)
Grandpere (Fred Rogers)
Harriett Elizabeth Cow (Robert Trow)
Henrietta Pussycat (Fred Rogers)
H.J. Elephant III (Charles R. Aber)
Hula Mouse (Tony Chiroldes)
Ino A. Horse (Fred Rogers)
James Michael Jones (Michael Horton)
King Friday XIII (Fred Rogers)
Lady Elaine Fairchilde (Fred Rogers)
Mrs. Frogg (Fred Rogers and later Hedda Sharapan)
Prince Tuesday (Fred Michael, Charles Altman, Carole Switala, and Lenny Meledandri)
Princess Margeret H. Lizard (Fred Rogers)
Purple Panda (David Nohling and Matt Meko)
Queen Sara Saturday (Fred Rogers)
Robert Troll (Bob Trow)
Tadpole Frogg (voiced by Fred Rogers)
X the Owl (Fred Rogers)

text: Michael Keaton made his first television role as a volunteer in 1975. He played an acrobat in a troupe called The Flying Zookeenies that performed for King Friday's birthday and was also in charge of running the Trolley.[48]

text: Operas

text: Thirteen in-series "operas" took place during the course of the series within the Make-Believe segments.[46] Many of them feature American baritone John Reardon as a main character. The operas would encompass the entire episode, and would be seen after a brief introduction by Mr. Rogers.

text:
Babysitter Opera (1968)
Campsite Opera (1968)
Teddy Bear/Whaling Ship Opera (1969)
"Pineapples and Tomatoes" (1970)
"Monkey's Uncle" (1971)
"Snow People and Warm Pussycat" (1972)
"Potato Bugs and Cows" (1973)
"All in the Laundry" (1974)
"Key to Otherland" (1975)
"Windstorm in Bubbleland" (1980)
"Spoon Mountain" (1982)
"A Granddad for Daniel" (1984)
"A Star for Kitty" (1986)

tag: ol

text: Additionally, a play, Josephine The Short-Necked Giraffe, first aired in 1989 as a tribute to the late John Reardon.

text: Guests

text: Guests on the series ranged from cellist Yo-Yo Ma to actor and bodybuilder Lou Ferrigno of TV's The Incredible Hulk. (In a 2001 piece where celebrities were asked about their heroes, Rogers cited Ma as one of his heroes.[citation needed]) A 1968 visit by electronic music pioneer Bruce Haack resurfaced in the 2004 documentary Haack: King of Techno.

text: Guests on Mister Rogers' Neighborhood were often surprised to find that although Rogers was just as gentle and patient in life as on television, he was nevertheless a perfectionist who did not allow "shoddy" ad-libbing;[49] he believed that children were thoughtful people who deserved programming as good as anything produced for adults on television.[50]

text: Rogers appeared as a guest on some other series. On the children's animated cartoon series Arthur, for example, Rogers plays himself as an aardvark like Arthur. Later on, Arthur appears as a guest in hand-puppet form in a 1999 episode of Mister Rogers' Neighborhood in the Neighborhood of Make-Believe. Bill Nye, host of a science-themed program, and Rogers also exchanged appearances on each other's series, as did Rogers and Captain Kangaroo. Rogers additionally appeared in an episode of Sesame Street, where he explains to Big Bird that even if one loses a running race such as the one Big Bird had run against his friend "Snuffy", no hard feelings threaten to break the two of them apart.[51] Big Bird himself also appeared in one episode of Mister Rogers' Neighborhood in the Neighborhood of Make-Believe.

text: Episodes

text: SeasonEpisodesOriginally airedFirst airedLast airedNetwork1130February 19, 1968August 16, 1968NET265February 10, 1969May 9, 1969365February 2, 1970May 1, 1970465February 15, 1971May 14, 1971PBS565February 21, 1972May 19, 1972665February 19, 1973May 18, 1973765February 18, 1974May 17, 1974865February 17, 1975May 16, 197595February 16, 1976February 20, 19761015August 20, 1979May 23, 19801115February 16, 1981July 24, 19811215March 1, 1982July 2, 19821315November 15, 1982April 29, 19831415November 7, 1983May 11, 19841515November 19, 1984May 17, 19851615November 25, 1985May 9, 19861715November 24, 1986May 8, 19871815November 23, 1987May 6, 19881915November 21, 1988May 5, 19892015November 20, 1989August 3, 19902115November 19, 1990August 30, 19912215November 25, 1991August 28, 19922315November 23, 1992September 3, 19932410February 21, 1994September 2, 19942510February 20, 1995September 1, 19952620October 16, 1995August 30, 19962710February 17, 1997August 29, 19972815February 16, 1998August 28, 19982915February 15, 1999August 27, 19993010February 21, 2000September 1, 2000315August 27, 2001August 31, 2001Specials17June 7, 1968September 13, 1994NET (special 1), PBS (specials 2–17)

text: Specials

text: A prime time Christmas special, Christmastime with Mister Rogers, first aired in 1977. This special had François Clemmons introducing a storyteller and flutist friend to Rogers. They filmed several narrated segments of the stories François' friend told. The special also had the Neighborhood of Make-Believe segment which shows how they celebrated Christmas. The trolley had a banner on the roof that said "Merry Christmas" on one side, and "Happy Hannukah" on the other. This special was aired every Christmas season until 1982. This special's opening and close have Rogers walking through a real neighborhood while the titles roll rather than the model neighborhood used in the series.

text: In 1994, Rogers created another one-time special for PBS called Fred Rogers' Heroes which consisted of documentary portraits of four real-life people whose work helped make their communities better. Rogers, uncharacteristically dressed in a suit and tie, hosted in wraparound segments which did not use the "Neighborhood" set.

text: For a time Rogers produced specials for the parents as a precursor to the subject of the week on the Neighborhood called "Mister Rogers Talks To Parents About [topic]". Rogers didn't host those specials, though; other people like Joan Lunden, who hosted the Conflict special, and other news announcers played MC duties in front of a gallery of parents while Rogers answered questions from them. These specials were made to prepare the parents for any questions the children might ask after watching the episodes on that topic of the week.

text: Mister Rogers: It's You I Like

text: On March 6, 2018, a primetime special commemorating the 50th anniversary of the series aired on PBS, hosted by actor Michael Keaton.[13][52] The hour-long special also features interviews by musician Yo-Yo Ma, musician Itzhak Perlman, actress Sarah Silverman, actress Whoopi Goldberg, actor John Lithgow, screenwriter Judd Apatow, actor David Newell, producer Ellen Doherty, and spouse Joanne Byrd Rogers, as well as clips of memorable moments from the show, such as Rogers visiting Koko the gorilla, Margaret Hamilton dressing up as The Wizard of Oz's Wicked Witch of the West, and Jeff Erlanger in his wheelchair singing It's You I Like with Rogers.[53]

text: Earlier PBS specials were Our Neighbor, Fred Rogers in 1990 and Fred Rogers: America's Favorite Neighbor in 2003.[54][55][56] A short special, Mister Rogers in Our Neighborhood by PBS station WUCF, described Fred Rogers's college years and family connections in Florida.[57]

text: Tributes

text: Over the years, many television shows, exhibits and attractions have been named in tribute to Mister Rogers' Neighborhood. After three years as a traveling exhibit, the Children's Museum of Pittsburgh[25] had "Welcome to Mister Rogers' Neighborhood" installed as a permanent exhibit in 2004.[58] The planetarium show "The Sky Above Mister Rogers' Neighborhood" is a computer-animated adaptation of the television show for preschool-aged children.[59] Idlewild and Soak Zone, an amusement park near Rogers' hometown of Latrobe, Pennsylvania has an attraction called "Mister Rogers' Neighborhood of Make-Believe" featuring a life-size trolley ride, designed by Rogers. This was shut down in 2014 to reopen as Daniel Tiger's Neighborhood in 2015.[60][61] A children's play area at Monroeville Mall in the Pittsburgh suburb of Monroeville was named for the television show.[62]

text: A kiosk containing artifacts used during the series is located on Concourse C of Pittsburgh International Airport, near the children's play area.[63] The Mister Rogers' Neighborhood Archives at the University of Pittsburgh's School of Information Sciences is an academic resource and collection that contains correspondence, scripts, props, puppets, fan mail, 911 videotapes (3 episodes are missing, presumed wiped), and scholarly articles that show the cultural impact of Fred Rogers' work.[64] A statue of Fred Rogers exists on the North Shore of the Allegheny River near Heinz Field at the surviving footing of the Manchester Bridge.[65] The original trolley from the shows is on display at the Canadian Broadcasting Centre in Toronto, Ontario.[citation needed]

text: A documentary feature film about the series, titled Won't You Be My Neighbor?, was released by Focus Features on June 8, 2018.[66][1][13] Another documentary, Mister Rogers & Me, was shown at film festivals in 2010 and on PBS stations in 2012.[67][68]

text: In 2018, Google Doodle was created in honor of Mr. Rogers.[69]

text: Music

text: The music of the show was interpreted by an eclectic mix of modern artists for the 2005 album Songs From the Neighborhood: The Music of Mister Rogers. The YouTube show Pittsburgh Dad uses a piano theme song inspired by the jazz music constantly heard on Mister Rogers' Neighborhood.[70] The musical project Symphony of Science, in association with PBS Digital Studios, created a music video called "Garden of Your Mind" from clips of the show, using Rogers' own pitch-corrected spoken words to create a song.

text: Pittsburgh portal


document_title: Bit part

question_text: who said there are no small roles only small actors

root

text: Bit part

text: A bit part is a role in which there is direct interaction with the principal actors and no more than five lines of dialogue, often referred to as a five-or-less or under-five in the United States, or under sixes in British television.

tag: p

text: A bit part is higher than that of an extra and lower than that of a supporting actor. An actor who regularly performs in bit roles, either as a hobby or to earn a living, is referred to as a bit player, a term also used to describe an aspiring actor who has not yet broken into supporting or leading roles.

text: Unlike extras, who do not typically interact with principals, actors in bit parts are sometimes listed in the credits. An exception to this practice is the cameo appearance, wherein a well-known actor or other celebrity appears in a bit part; it is common for such appearances to be uncredited.

text: In MGM's 1951 screen version of the musical Show Boat, the role of the cook Queenie (Frances E. Williams) was reduced from a significant supporting role in the stage version to a bit part in the film. Williams, whose appearance was not intended as a cameo, was not listed at all in the credits. On the other hand, William Warfield, whose role as Joe, Queenie's husband, was also drastically shortened in the film from the stage original, did receive screen credit because he sang Ol' Man River.

text: Bit parts are often significant in the story line and sometimes pivotal, as in Jack Albertson's role as a postal worker in the 1947 feature film Miracle on 34th Street. Some characters with bit parts attract significant attention. Constantin Stanislavski remarked that "there are no small parts, only small actors."[1]

text: Dabbs Greer, a bit actor, once said, "Every character actor, in their own little sphere, is the lead."[2]


document_title: Albert B. Fall

question_text: first cabinet officer in history to go to prison

text: Albert B. Fall

text: Early life and family[edit]

text: Fall was born in Frankfort, Kentucky, to William R. and Edmonia Taylor Fall. He attended schools as a child in Nashville, Tennessee, but was primarily self-educated. By age eleven Fall was employed in a cotton factory. This is most likely the cause of respiratory health problems he suffered throughout his life. Due to his illnesses, Fall moved west as a young man to seek a better climate. He tried Oklahoma and Texas, but eventually he settled in Las Cruces, New Mexico Territory, where he practiced law.

text: Between 1879 and 1881, he was a teacher while he studied law. On May 7, 1883, Fall married Emma Garland Morgan in Clarksville, Texas. They had four children: a son, Jack Morgan Fall, and daughters Alexina Chase, Caroline Everhart and Jouett Elliott. Jack Fall and his sister Caroline died within a week of each other during the influenza epidemic that swept the world in 1918. The family lived at the Three Rivers Ranch in the Tularosa Basin. Fall also had a home in El Paso, Texas.

text: Career[edit]

text: Fall was admitted to the bar in 1891. He served in the New Mexico House of Representatives from 1891 to 1892. In 1892 and 1893 he served on the territorial council. Fall was appointed judge of the third judicial district 1893, and associate justice of the New Mexico Supreme Court later the same year.

text: Fall served on the Territorial Council again from 1896 to 1897, and as the territory's attorney general in 1897.

text: During the Spanish–American War, Fall served as captain of an infantry company.

text: He again served on the Territorial Council from 1902 to 1904. He served as attorney general again in 1907. In 1910 he was a delegate to the territory's constitutional convention.

text: Albert Jennings Fountain murder case[edit]

text: Fall and his neighbor, Oliver M. Lee, were land owners in the area and were rivals to attorney Albert Jennings Fountain. Fall's association with Lee began when Fall helped Lee in a criminal case. Lee employed Billy McNew and Jim Gilliland, both known as gunmen. "In return for the legal services of Fall, Lee and his men terrorized men and voters on the lawyer's behalf."[1] By the late 1890s, Lee was rustling cattle from other ranches in the area, altering the brands to resemble his own. When Lee and his gunmen were arrested, Fall handled the legal issues.[1]

text: Fall disliked Fountain, who showed little fear of the Fall–Lee faction, and challenged them openly in the courts and political arena. On February 1, 1896, Fountain and his eight-year-old son Henry disappeared near the White Sands on the way from Fall's Three Rivers Ranch north of Tularosa to their home in Mesilla. Fall successfully defended the men accused of the murder—Oliver Lee, Jim Gilliland and Billy McNew—at a trial in Hillsboro.

text: Evidence at the trial suggested Lee was involved in Fountain's murder and disappearance, but investigators had to deal with a corrupt court system and Fall's legal skill. The bodies of Fountain and his son and their horse were never found, which hampered the prosecution. The charges against McNew were dismissed by the court, while Lee and Gilliland were acquitted.[1]

text: Pat Garrett case[edit]

text: In 1908 Fall successfully defended Jesse Wayne Brazel, the accused killer of former Sheriff Pat Garrett. Garrett, famous for killing outlaw Billy the Kid in 1881, had pursued the suspects in the Fountain murders.

text: Election to the Senate[edit]

text: As a member of the Republican Party, Fall was elected as one of the first U.S. Senators from New Mexico in the year 1912. It was widely known that he made a political alliance with Thomas B. Catron, the man who served alongside him, to ensure that both would be elected. This controversy made Fall a target of the local Republican Party, as they believed Fall had not contributed sufficiently to their efforts to secure New Mexico's statehood, and was not worthy of their nomination. The selection of Catron and Fall also disappointed Hispanics, who had hoped that one of their own would be selected. Fall was also severely disliked by Democrats. This came to a head when, under Senate rules, Fall's term was over in March 1913, so his name was again up before the legislature for re-appointment. After various votes, the legislature sent Fall's name to the governor. Governor McDonald, on the advice of his Democratic legal advisor, Summers Burkhart, said that the legislature's procedure had been illegal, and failed to sign the credentialing papers in an attempt to oust Fall by forcing a special session of the legislature and a new vote.[2] It didn't work; Fall won the special legislative election.[3] When re-election came up in 1918, Fall was ambivalent about running, but nonetheless accepted the Republican nomination.[4] In the general election he overcame a bitter challenge from Democrat William B. Walton,[5] even though Fall never made a campaign speech.[6] Some commentators suggest that it was sympathy for Fall's tragic loss of his two children in the flu epidemic that won him the election.[7]

text: In the Senate, Fall served as chairman of the Committee on Expenditures in the Department of Commerce and Labor, was noted for his support of the suffrage movement and his extreme isolationist tendencies when the U.S. entered World War I. As a leading antagonist to Democratic President Woodrow Wilson, Fall was permitted to visit the stricken President in his White House bedroom in October 1919, hoping to gauge whether the Chief Executive was well enough to remain in office. "I have been praying for you, Sir," Fall sought to offer sincerely. "Which way, Senator?" Wilson replied, drawing laughter from his rival.[8]

text: After Catron retired following the 1916 Congressional elections, Fall lost his only local political ally.[citation needed] However, while in the Senate he had become close friends with the people who would later make up the infamous Ohio Gang, which secured him a cabinet position in March 1921. While local politicians opposed him, his popularity with the residents of New Mexico was reportedly very high.

text: Teapot Dome scandal[edit]

text: Fall was appointed to the position of Secretary of the Interior by President Warren G. Harding in March 1921. Soon after his appointment, Harding convinced Edwin Denby, the Secretary of the Navy, that Fall's department should take over responsibility for the Naval Reserves at Elk Hills, California, Buena Vista, California, and Teapot Dome, Wyoming. This last setting became the namesake of the scandal to erupt in April 1922 when the Wall Street Journal reported that Secretary Fall had decided that two of his friends, oilmen Harry F. Sinclair (Mammoth Oil Corporation) and Edward L. Doheny (Pan-American Petroleum and Transport Company), should be given leases to drill in parts of these Naval Reserves without open bidding.

text: His acceptance of bribes for the leases resulted in the Teapot Dome scandal. During congressional hearings concerning the scandal in 1924 he said something which was later adapted into the 2007 film There Will Be Blood:

text: Sir, if you have a milkshake and I have a milkshake and my straw reaches across the room, I'll end up drinking your milkshake.[9]

text: The investigation found Fall guilty of conspiracy and bribery, $385,000 having been paid to him by Edward L. Doheny. Fall was jailed for one year as a result—the first former cabinet officer sentenced to prison as a result of misconduct in office.[10]

text: Doheny was not only acquitted on the charge of bribing Fall, but Doheny's corporation foreclosed on Fall's home in Tularosa Basin, New Mexico, because of "unpaid loans" which turned out to be that same $100,000 bribe. Harry Sinclair was fined and served six months for contempt of court.

text: Albert Fall died on November 30, 1944, after a long illness, in El Paso, Texas. He was buried in Evergreen Cemetery in El Paso.[11]


document_title: Wallace rule of nines

question_text: purpose of the rule of nines when treating burn victims

text: Wallace rule of nines

text:
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tag: table

text: The Wallace rule of nines is a tool used in pre-hospital and emergency medicine to estimate the total body surface area (BSA) affected by a burn. In addition to determining burn severity, the measurement of burn surface area is important for estimating patients' fluid requirements and determining hospital admission criteria.[1]

text: The rule of nines was devised by Pulaski and Tennison in 1947, and published by AB Wallace in 1951.

text: To the estimate body surface area of a burn, the rule of nines assigns BSA values to each major body part:[2]

text:
Body Part
Estimated BSA

Adults
Children

Entire left arm
9%
9%

Entire right arm
9%
9%

Entire head
9%
18%

Entire chest
9%
9%

Entire abdomen
9%
9%

Entire back
18%
18%

Entire left leg
18%
13.5%

Entire right leg
18%
13.5%

Groin
1%
1%

text: This allows the emergency medical provider to obtain a quick estimate of how much body surface area is burned. For example, if a patient's entire back (18%) and entire left leg (18%) are burned, about 36% of the patient's BSA is affected. The BSAs assigned to each body part refer to the entire body part.[3] So, for example, if half of a patient's left leg were burned, it would be assigned a BSA value of 9% (half the total surface area of the leg). Thus, if a patient's entire back (18%), but only half of their left leg (9%) was burned, the amount of BSA affected would be 27%.

text: Accuracy[edit]

text: Some studies have raised concerns about the rule of nines' accuracy with obese patients, noting that "the proportional contribution of various major body segments to the total body surface area changes with obesity."[1] One study found the rule's accuracy to be "reasonable" for patients weighing up to 80 kg, but proposed a new "rule of fives" for patients over that weight:[1]

text:
5% body surface area for each arm
20% BSA for each leg
50% for the trunk, and
2% for the head.

tag: ul

text: Other studies have found that the rule of nines tends to over-estimate total burn area,[4] and that ratings can be subjective,[5] but that it can be performed quickly and easily, and provide reasonable estimates for initial management of burn patients.[4]

text: The rule of nines was designed for adult patients. It is less accurate in young children due to their proportionally bigger heads and smaller mass in the legs and thighs, although one study did find it was accurate for patients as small as 10 kg.[1] To account for children's proportional differences, a "rule of nines for children" was proposed.[6] The head is assigned 18% BSA while each leg is 13.5%. The remainder of the body parts retain the same BSA percentages used in the adult rule of nines.[7]


document_title: List of One Day International cricket records

question_text: who has scored the most number of 50s in international cricket

text: Listing criteria

text: In general the top five are listed in each category (except when there is a tie for the last place among the five, when all the tied record holders are noted).

text: Listing notation

text: Team notation

text:
(300–3) indicates that a team scored 300 runs for three wickets and the innings was closed, either due to a successful run chase or if no overs remained (or are able) to be bowled.
(300) indicates that a team scored 300 runs and was all out, either by losing all ten wickets or by having one or more batsmen unable to bat and losing the remaining wickets.

text: Batting notation

text:
(100*) indicates that a batsman scored 100 runs and was not out.
(175) indicates that a batsman scored 175 runs and was out after that.

text: Bowling notation

text:
(5–40) indicates that a bowler has captured 5 wickets while giving away 40 runs.
(49.5 overs) indicates that a team bowled 49 complete overs (each of six legal deliveries), and one incomplete over of just five deliveries.

text: Currently playing

text: Record holders who are currently playing ODIs (i.e. their record details listed could change) are shown by ‡.

text: Seasons

text: Cricket is played during the summer months in most countries. Domestic cricket seasons in Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Zimbabwe and the West Indies may therefore span two calendar years, and are by convention said to be played in (e.g.) "2008–09". A cricket season in England is described as a single year. e.g. "2009". An international ODI series or tournament may be for a much shorter duration, and Cricinfo treats this issue by stating "any series or matches which began between May and September of any given year will appear in the relevant single year season and any that began between October and April will appear in the relevant cross-year season".[9] In the record tables, a two-year span generally indicates that the record was set within a domestic season in one of the above named countries.

text: Team records

text: Team wins, losses, ties, and no results

text:
Team
First ODI
Matches
Won
Lost
Tied
No result
Win

 Afghanistan
000000002009-04-19-000019 April 2009
94
47
45
0
2
51.08

Africa XI
000000002005-08-17-000017 August 2005
6
1
4
0
1
20.00

Asia XI
000000002005-01-10-000010 January 2005
7
4
2
0
1
66.66

 Australia
000000001971-01-05-00005 January 1971
911
556
312
9
34
63.91

 Bangladesh
000000001986-03-31-000031 March 1986
340
108
225
0
7
32.43

 Bermuda
000000002006-05-17-000017 May 2006
35
7
28
0
0
20.00

 Canada
000000001979-06-09-00009 June 1979
77
17
58
0
2
22.66

East Africa
000000001975-06-07-00007 June 1975
3
0
3
0
0
0.00

 England
000000001971-01-05-00005 January 1971
707
350
325
8
24
51.83

 Hong Kong
000000002004-07-16-000016 July 2004
23
9
13
0
1
40.90

ICC World XI
000000002005-01-10-000010 January 2005
4
1
3
0
0
25.00

 India
000000001974-07-13-000013 July 1974
939
483
409
7
40
54.11

 Ireland
000000002006-06-13-000013 June 2006
132
58
64
3
7
47.60

 Kenya
000000001996-02-18-000018 February 1996
154
42
107
0
5
28.18

 Namibia
000000002003-02-10-000010 February 2003
6
0
6
0
0
0.00

 Netherlands
000000001996-02-17-000017 February 1996
76
28
44
1
3
39.04

 New Zealand
000000001973-02-11-000011 February 1973
744
334
365
6
39
47.80

 Pakistan
000000001973-02-11-000011 February 1973
889
469
394
8
18
54.30

 Papua New Guinea
000000002014-11-08-00008 November 2014
17
5
12
0
0
29.41

 Scotland
000000001999-05-16-000016 May 1999
101
36
59
0
6
37.89

 South Africa
000000001991-11-10-000010 November 1991
589
362
205
6
16
63.69

 Sri Lanka
000000001975-06-07-00007 June 1975
816
376
399
5
36
48.52

 United Arab Emirates
000000001994-04-13-000013 April 1994
41
11
30
0
0
26.82

 United States
000000002004-09-10-000010 September 2004
2
0
2
0
0
0.00

 West Indies
000000001973-09-05-00005 September 1973
773
383
354
9
27
51.94

 Zimbabwe
000000001983-06-09-00009 June 1983
502
133
352
6
11
27.69

Last updated: 11 March 2018[10]
The win percentage excludes no results; a tie counts as half a win

text: Result records

text: Greatest win margin (by runs)

text:
Margin
Teams
Venue
Date
Scorecard

290 runs
 New Zealand (402–2) beat  Ireland (112)
Mannofield Park, Aberdeen
1 July 2008
Scorecard

275 runs
 Australia (417–6) beat  Afghanistan (142)
WACA, Perth
4 March 2015
Scorecard

272 runs
 South Africa (399–6) beat  Zimbabwe (127)
Willowmoore Park, Benoni
22 October 2010
Scorecard

258 runs
 South Africa (301–8) beat  Sri Lanka (43)
Boland Park, Paarl
11 January 2012
Scorecard

257 runs
 India (413–5) beat  Bermuda (156)
Queen's Park Oval, Port of Spain, Trinidad
19 March 2007
Scorecard

 South Africa (408–5) beat  West Indies (151)
SCG, Sydney
27 February 2015
Scorecard

Last updated: 2 September 2016[11]

text: Greatest win margin (by balls remaining)

text:
Margin
Teams
Venue
Date
Scorecard

277 balls†
 England (46–2) beat  Canada (45)
Old Trafford, Manchester
13 June 1979
Scorecard

274 balls
 Sri Lanka (40–1) beat  Zimbabwe (38)
SSC, Colombo
8 December 2001
Scorecard

272 balls
 Sri Lanka (37–1) beat  Canada (36)
Boland Park, Paarl
19 February 2003
Scorecard

264 balls
 New Zealand (95–0) beat  Bangladesh (93)
Queenstown, New Zealand
31 December 2007
Scorecard

253 balls
 Australia (66–1) beat  United States (65)
The Rose Bowl, Southampton
13 September 2004
Scorecard

Last updated: 2 September 2016[12]
†This match was played with 60 overs per innings

text: Most consecutive wins

text:
Wins
Team
First win
Last win

21
 Australia
 England at Hobart, 11 January 2003
 West Indies at Port of Spain, 24 May 2003

12
 South Africa[a]
 England at Centurion, 13 February 2005
 New Zealand at Port Elizabeth, 30 October 2005

 Pakistan
 India at Jaipur, 18 November 2007
 Bangladesh at Dhaka, 8 June 2008

 South Africa
 Ireland at Benoni, 25 September 2016
 New Zealand at Hamilton, 19 February 2017

11
 West Indies
 England at Lord's, 4 June 1984
 Sri Lanka at Perth, 2 February 1985

 Australia[b]
 Scotland at Basseterre, 14 March 2007
 Sri Lanka at Bridgetown, 28 April 2007

No Results are treated the same as losses and ties in the above table.
Last updated: 22 February 2017[13]

Notes:

^[a] This sequence began after a no-result, and was ended by a no-result. The first win was over England in the 7th and final ODI (ODI 2226) of a seven-game series. The 6th ODI (ODI 2225) was a no result, before which South Africa had won the 3rd (ODI 2221), 4th (ODI 2223), and 5th (ODI 2224) ODIs. Ignoring this no result, the sequence lasted 15 matches.[14] The last win came against New Zealand in the 3rd ODI (ODI 2289) of a five-game series. The 4th ODI (ODI 2292) was a no result and South Africa won the 5th ODI (ODI 2293) as well as the 1st ODI (ODI 2297) against India in their next series before losing to India in the 2nd ODI (ODI 2298). Ignoring this no result as well, South Africa's winning streak is further extended to 17 matches.[15]
^[b] This sequence was ended by a no-result. The last win was the 2007 Cricket World Cup Final (ODI 2581). Australia's next ODI (ODI 2621) was the first game of a seven-game series against India; there was no result. Australia won the next two ODIs of the series (ODI 2623 and 2625) before losing the 4th ODI (ODI 2627). If this no result is ignored, the second and third ODIs would be included in Australia's winning streak, extending it to 13 matches.[16]

text: Most consecutive defeats

text:
Defeats
Team
First defeat
Last defeat

23
 Bangladesh[a]
 West Indies at Dhaka, 8 October 1999
 South Africa at Kimberley, 9 October 2002

22
 Bangladesh
 Pakistan at Moratuwa, 31 March 1986
 India at Mohali, 14 May 1998

18
 Zimbabwe
 India at Leicester, 11 June 1983
 Australia at Hobart, 14 March 1992

 Bangladesh[a]
 South Africa at Bloemfontein, 22 September 2003
 England at Dhaka, 12 November 2003

17
 Zimbabwe
 Sri Lanka at Bulawayo, 20 April 2004
 England at Bulawayo, 5 December 2004

No results are treated the same as wins and ties in the above table.
Last updated: 15 February 2016[17]

Notes:

^[a] The 23-game sequence was ended by a no result (ODI 1904). Another four defeats followed, then another no result (ODI 1956), and then Bangladesh's 18 game losing sequence. Ignoring these no results, Bangladesh's 23 game losing sequence and 18 game losing sequence combine with the intervening four defeats into a single losing streak of 45 matches.[18]

text: Team scoring records

text: Highest innings totals

text:
Score
Team
Opponent
Venue
Date
Scorecard

444–3 (50 overs)
 England
 Pakistan
Nottingham
30 August 2016
Scorecard

443–9 (50 overs)
 Sri Lanka
 Netherlands
Amstelveen
4 July 2006
Scorecard

439–2 (50 overs)
 South Africa
 West Indies
Johannesburg
18 January 2015
Scorecard

438–9 (49.5 overs)†
 South Africa
 Australia
Johannesburg
12 March 2006
Scorecard

438–4 (50 overs)
 South Africa
 India
Mumbai
25 October 2015
Scorecard

Last updated: 31 August 2016[19]
†See the match report for more details about this match, in which several records were set.

text: Highest match aggregate

text:
Score
Teams
Venue
Date
Scorecard

872–13 (99.5 overs)†
 Australia (434–4) v  South Africa (438–9)
Johannesburg
12 March 2006
Scorecard

825–15 (100 overs)
 India (414–7) v  Sri Lanka (411–8)
Rajkot
15 December 2009
Scorecard

763–14 (96.0 overs)
 New Zealand (398–5) v  England (365–9)
London
12 June 2015
Scorecard

747–14 (100 overs)
 India (381–6) v  England (366-8)
Cuttack
19 January 2017
Scorecard

743–12 (99.2 overs)
 Australia (371–6) v  South Africa (372–6)
Durban
5 October 2016
Scorecard

Last updated: 13 September 2017[20]
†See the match report for more details about this match, in which several records were set.

text: Highest runs in successful chasing

text:
Score
Team
Opposition
Venue
Date
Scorecard

438–9 (49.5 overs)†
 South Africa
 Australia
Johannesburg
12 March 2006
Scorecard

372–6 (49.2 overs)
 South Africa
 Australia
Durban
5 October 2016
Scorecard

362–1 (43.3 overs)
 India
 Australia
Jaipur
16 October 2013
Scorecard

356–7 (48.1 overs)
 India
 England
Pune
15 January 2017
Scorecard

351–4 (49.3 overs)
 India
 Australia
Nagpur
30 October 2013
Scorecard

Last updated: 15 January 2017[21]
†See the match report for more details.

text: Lowest innings totals

text:
Score
Team
Opponent
Venue
Date
Scorecard

35 (18 overs)
 Zimbabwe
 Sri Lanka
Harare
25 April 2004
Scorecard

36 (18.4 overs)
 Canada
 Sri Lanka
Paarl
19 Feb 2003
Scorecard

38 (15.5 overs)
 Zimbabwe
 Sri Lanka
Colombo
8 Dec 2001
Scorecard

43 (19.5 overs)
 Pakistan
 West Indies
Cape Town
25 Feb 1993
Scorecard

43 (20.1 overs)
 Sri Lanka
 South Africa
Paarl
11 Jan 2012
Scorecard

Last updated: 15 February 2016[22]

text: Individual records

text: Individual records (batting)

text: Most career runs

text:
Runs
Innings
Player
Period

18,426
452
 Sachin Tendulkar
1989–2012

14,234
404
 Kumar Sangakkara
2000–2015

13,704
365
 Ricky Ponting
1995–2012

13,430
433
 Sanath Jayasuriya
1989–2011

12,650
418
 Mahela Jayawardene
1998–2015

Last updated: 15 February 2016[23]

text:
Most career runs – progression of record

Runs
Player
Record held until
Duration of record

82
 John Edrich
24 August 1972
1 year, 232 days

113
 Greg Chappell
26 August 1972
2 days

144
 Ian Chappell
28 August 1972
2 days

302
 Dennis Amiss
31 March 1974
1 year, 215 days

316
 Ian Chappell
13 July 1974
104 days

322
 Dennis Amiss
15 July 1974
2 days

400
 Keith Fletcher
5 June 1975
325 days

509
 Dennis Amiss
11 June 1975
6 days

599
 Keith Fletcher
14 June 1975
3 days

859
 Dennis Amiss[a]
21 December 1979
4 years, 190 days

867
 Greg Chappell
23 December 1979
2 days

883
 Viv Richards
26 December 1979
3 days

953
 Greg Chappell
16 January 1980
21 days

1,059
 Viv Richards
28 May 1980
133 days

1,133
 Gordon Greenidge
25 November 1980
181 days

1,154
 Greg Chappell
5 December 1980
11 days

1,211
 Viv Richards
7 December 1980
2 days

2,331
 Greg Chappell[b]
7 December 1983
3 years

6,501
 Viv Richards
9 November 1990
6 years, 337 days

8,648
 Desmond Haynes[c]
8 November 1996
5 years, 365 days

9,378
 Mohammad Azharuddin[d]
15 October 2000
3 years, 342 days

18,426
 Sachin Tendulkar[e]
Current
17 years, 220 days

Last updated: 21 January 2016

Notes:

^[a] Dennis Amiss finished his career with 859 runs
^[b] Greg Chappell finished his career with 2,331 runs
^[c] Desmond Haynes finished his career with 8,648 runs
^[d] Mohammad Azharuddin finished his career with 9,378 runs
^[e] Sachin Tendulkar finished his career with 18,426 runs

text: Most runs in each batting position

text:
Batting position
Player
Runs
Average

Opener
 Sachin Tendulkar
15310
48.30

Number 3
 Ricky Ponting
12662
42.49

Number 4
 Mahela Jayawardene
6946
35.26

Number 5
 Arjuna Ranatunga
4675
38.64

Number 6
 MS Dhoni
3823
46.62

Number 7
 Chris Harris
2130
31.32

Number 8
 Wasim Akram
1208
17.01

Number 9
 Mashrafe Mortaza
643
12.61

Number 10
 Waqar Younis
478
11.12

Number 11
 Muttiah Muralitharan
170
5.48

Last updated: 21 September 2017[24]

text: Highest individual scores

text:
Runs
Player
Match
Venue
Date
Scorecard

264
 Rohit Sharma
 India v  Sri Lanka
Kolkata
13 November 2014
Scorecard

237*
 Martin Guptill
 New Zealand v  West Indies
Wellington
21 March 2015
Scorecard

219
 Virender Sehwag
 India v  West Indies
Indore
8 December 2011
Scorecard

215
 Chris Gayle
 West Indies v  Zimbabwe
Canberra
24 February 2015
Scorecard

209
 Rohit Sharma
 India v  Australia
Bangalore
2 November 2013
Scorecard

Last updated: 3 September 2016[25]

text: Highest individual score in chronological order (Progressive Record)

text:
Date
Runs
Player
Match Scorecard
Opponent
Notes

5 January 1971
82
 John Edrich
Scorecard
 Australia

First ever ODI fifty
Ended up in losing side

24 August 1972
103
 Dennis Amiss
Scorecard
 Australia

First ever ODI Century
Achieved while chasing target

7 September 1973
105
 Roy Fredericks
Scorecard
 England

Achieved while chasing target

31 August 1974
116*
 David Lloyd
Scorecard
 Pakistan

Lost the match

7 June 1975
137
 Dennis Amiss
Scorecard
 India

World Cup
Only player to reclaim the record

7 June 1975
171*
 Glenn Turner
Scorecard
East Africa

World Cup
First ever ODI 150
Faced maximum number of balls (209)

18 June 1983
175*
 Kapil Dev
Scorecard
 Zimbabwe

World Cup
Fastest century as on date (18 June 1983)

31 May 1984
189*
 Viv Richards
Scorecard
 England

Century stand for the last wicket

21 May 1997
194
 Saeed Anwar
Scorecard
 India

16 August 2009
194*
 Charles Coventry
Scorecard
 Bangladesh

Equaled the record but was not out.
Lost the match

24 February 2010
200*
 Sachin Tendulkar
Scorecard
 South Africa

First ever ODI double century in men's cricket

8 December 2011
219
 Virendar Sehwag
Scorecard
 West Indies

13 November 2014
264
 Rohit Sharma
Scorecard
 Sri Lanka

First ever ODI 250
First man to achieve two double hundreds in ODI Cricket history

Last updated: 31 August 2016[26]

text: Highest individual score at the position

text:
Batting position
Player
Score
Opponent
Venue
Date

Number 1
 Martin Guptill
237*
 West Indies
Eden Gardens
21 March 2015

Number 2
 Rohit Sharma
264
 Sri Lanka
Westpac Stadium
13 November 2014

Number 3
 Charles Coventry
194*
 Bangladesh
Queens Sports Club
16 August 2009

Number 4
 Vivian Richards
189*
 England
Old Trafford
31 May 1984

Number 5
 AB de Villiers
162*
 West Indies
Sydney Cricket Ground
27 February 2015

Number 6
 Kapil Dev
175*
 Zimbabwe
Nevill Ground
18 June 1983

Number 7
 Luke Ronchi
170*
 Sri Lanka
University Oval
23 January 2015

Number 8
 Chris Woakes
95*
 Sri Lanka
Trent Bridge
21 June 2016

Number 9
 Andre Russell
92*
 India
Sir Vivian Richards Stadium
11 June 2011

Number 10
 Ravi Rampaul
86*
 India
ACA-VDCA Stadium
2 December 2011

Number 11
 Mohammad Amir
58
 England
Trent Bridge
30 August 2016

Last updated: 29 January 2017[27]

text: Highest career average

text:
Average
Innings
Runs
Player
Period

67.00
32
1,541
 Ryan ten Doeschate
2006–2011

58.11
200
9,588
 Virat Kohli ‡
2008–present

54.06
215
9,515
 AB de Villiers
2005–2018

53.58
196
6,912
 Michael Bevan
1994–2004

50.25
269
9,902
 MS Dhoni ‡
2004–present

Qualification: 20 innings
Last updated: 2 February 2018[28]

text: Highest strike rates

text:
Strike rate
Runs
Balls faced
Player
Period

130.81
985
753
 Andre Russell ‡
2011–present

123.93
2,035
1,642
 Glenn Maxwell ‡
2012–present

118.73
602
507
 Hardik Pandya ‡
2016–present

117.93
2,505
2,124
 Jos Buttler ‡
2012–present

117.06
590
504
 Lionel Cann
2006–2009

Qualification: 500 balls faced
Last updated: 17 December 2017[29]

text: Most centuries

text:
Centuries
Innings
Player
Period

49
452
 Sachin Tendulkar
1989–2012

35
200
 Virat Kohli ‡
2008–present

30
365
 Ricky Ponting
1995–2012

28
433
 Sanath Jayasuriya
1989–2011

26
156
 Hashim Amla ‡
2008–present

Last updated: 2 February 2018[30]

text: Most fifties

text:
Fifties
Innings
Player
Period

96
452
 Sachin Tendulkar
1989–2012

93
380
 Kumar Sangakkara
2000–2015

86
314
 Jacques Kallis
1996–2014

83
318
 Rahul Dravid
1996–2011

350
 Inzamam-ul-Haq
1991–2007

Last updated: 15 February 2016[31]

text: Fastest fifties

text:
Balls faced
Player
Match
Venue
Date
Scorecard

16
 AB de Villiers
 South Africa v  West Indies
Johannesburg
2014–15
Scorecard

17
 Sanath Jayasuriya
 Sri Lanka v  Pakistan
Singapore
1996
Scorecard

 Kusal Perera ‡
 Sri Lanka v  Pakistan
Kandy
2015
Scorecard

 Martin Guptill ‡
 New Zealand v  Sri Lanka
Christchurch
2015–16
Scorecard

18
 Simon O'Donnell
 Australia v  Sri Lanka
Sharjah
1990
Scorecard

 Shahid Afridi
 Pakistan v  Sri Lanka
Nairobi
1996
Scorecard

 Shahid Afridi
 Pakistan v  Netherlands
Colombo
2002
Scorecard

 Glenn Maxwell ‡
 Australia v  India
Bangalore
2013
Scorecard

 Shahid Afridi
 Pakistan v  Bangladesh
Dhaka
2014
Scorecard

 Brendon McCullum
 New Zealand v  England
Wellington
2014–15
Scorecard

 Aaron Finch ‡
 Australia v  Sri Lanka
Dumbulla
2016
Scorecard

Last updated: 23 October 2017[32]

text: Fastest centuries

text:
Balls faced
Player
Match
Venue
Date
Scorecard

31
 AB de Villiers
 South Africa v  West Indies
Johannesburg
2014–15
Scorecard

36
 Corey Anderson ‡
 New Zealand v  West Indies
Queenstown Events Centre
2013–14
Scorecard

37
 Shahid Afridi
 Pakistan v  Sri Lanka
Nairobi Gymkhana Club
1996
Scorecard

44
 Mark Boucher
 South Africa v  Zimbabwe
Senwes Park
2006
Scorecard

45
 Brian Lara
 West Indies v  Bangladesh
Dhaka
1999
Scorecard

 Shahid Afridi
 Pakistan v  India
Kanpur
2005
Scorecard

Last updated: 24 October 2017[33]

text: Fastest 150s

text:
Balls faced
Player
Match
Venue
Date
Scorecard

64
 AB de Villiers
 South Africa v  West Indies
Sydney
2015
Scorecard

83
 Shane Watson
 Australia v  Bangladesh
Dhaka
2011
Scorecard

85
 Sharjeel Khan ‡
 Pakistan v  Ireland
Malahide
2016
Scorecard

92
 Luke Ronchi
 New Zealand v  Sri Lanka
Dunedin
2014–15
Scorecard

95
 Sanath Jayasuriya
 Sri Lanka v  England
Leeds
2006
Scorecard

Last updated: 31 August 2016[33]

text: Fastest double centuries

text:
Balls faced
Player
Match
Venue
Season
Scorecard

138
 Chris Gayle ‡
 West Indies v  Zimbabwe
Canberra
2014–15
Scorecard

140
 Virender Sehwag
 India v  West Indies
Indore
2011–12
Scorecard

147
 Sachin Tendulkar
 India v  South Africa
Gwalior
2009–10
Scorecard

151
 Rohit Sharma ‡
 India v  Sri Lanka
Kolkata
2014–15
Scorecard

 Rohit Sharma ‡
 India v  Sri Lanka
Mohali
2017–18
Scorecard

Last updated: 13 December 2017[34]

text: Most sixes in career

text:
Sixes
Player
Innings

351
 Shahid Afridi
369

270
 Sanath Jayasuriya
433

252
 Chris Gayle ‡
268

216
 MS Dhoni ‡
268

202
 AB de Villiers
215

Last updated: 17 December 2017[35]

text: Most fours in career

text:
Fours
Player
Innings

2016
 Sachin Tendulkar
452

1500
 Sanath Jayasuriya
433

1385
 Kumar Sangakkara
380

1231
 Ricky Ponting
365

1162
 Adam Gilchrist
279

Last updated: 15 February 2016[36]

text: Most sixes in an innings

text:
Sixes
Runs
Player
Opposition
Venue
Match date
Scorecard

16
209
 Rohit Sharma ‡
 Australia
Bangalore
02 Nov 2013
Scorecard

149
 AB de Villiers
 West Indies
Johannesburg
18 Jan 2015
Scorecard

215
 Chris Gayle ‡
 Zimbabwe
Canberra
24 Feb 2015
Scorecard

15
185*
 Shane Watson
 Bangladesh
Dhaka
11 Apr 2011
Scorecard

14
131*
 Corey Anderson ‡
 West Indies
Queenstown
1 Jan 2014
Scorecard

Last updated: 31 August 2016[37]

text: Most fours in an innings

text:
Fours
Runs
Player
Opposition
Venue
Date
Scorecard

33
264
 Rohit Sharma ‡
 Sri Lanka
Kolkata
13 November 2014
Scorecard

25
200*
 Sachin Tendulkar
 South Africa
Gwalior
24 February 2010
Scorecard

219
 Virendar Sehwag
 West Indies
Indore
8 December 2011
Scorecard

24
157
 Sanath Jayasuriya
 Netherlands
Amstelveen
4 July 2006
Scorecard

237*
 Martin Guptill ‡
 West Indies
Wellington
21 March 2015
Scorecard

173
 David Warner ‡
 South Africa
Cape Town
12 October 2016
Scorecard

Last updated: 2 December 2016[38]

text: Most runs in a calendar year

text:
Runs
Innings
Player
Year

1894
33
 Sachin Tendulkar
1998

1767
41
 Sourav Ganguly
1999

1761
43
 Rahul Dravid
1999

1611
32
 Sachin Tendulkar
1996

1601
30
 Matthew Hayden
2007

Last updated: 15 February 2016[39]

text: Most runs in an over

text:
Runs
Sequence
Batsman
Bowler
Venue
Date
Scorecard

36
6–6–6–6–6–6
 Herschelle Gibbs
 Daan van Bunge
St. Kitts
2006–07
Scorecard

35
6–W–6–6–6–4–6
 Thisara Perera ‡
 Robin Peterson
Pallekele
2013
Scorecard

34
4–(N+6)–2–(N+4)–4–4–2–6
 AB de Villiers
 Jason Holder ‡
Sydney
2014–15
Scorecard

32
4–4–6–6–6–6
 Shahid Afridi
 Malinga Bandara
Abu Dhabi
2007
Scorecard

31
1–6–6–4–6–(N+4)–W–2[a]
 Kane Williamson ‡
 James Franklin
 Rizwan Cheema ‡
 Harvir Baidwan ‡
Mumbai
2010–11
Scorecard

Last updated: 2 December 2016[40]

Key:

N – No ball
W – Wide

Notes:

^[a] Kane Williamson faced the first ball of the over before turning over the strike to James Franklin. Rizwan Cheema was taken out of the bowling attack after bowling the no-ball, which was his second above-the-waist full toss bowled in the innings. He was replaced by Harvir Baidwan, who bowled the last two deliveries of the over.[41]

text: Most runs in a match on the losing side

text:
Innings
Player
Runs
Opposition
Year

1st
 Charles Coventry
194*
 Bangladesh
2009

1st
 Matthew Hayden
181*
 New Zealand
2007

2nd
 Sachin Tendulkar
175
 Australia
2009

2nd
 David Warner
173
 South Africa
2016

1st
 Rohit Sharma ‡
171*
 Australia
2016

Last updated: 1 March 2017[42]

text: Most Number of innings before first duck

text:
Innings
Player
Year

72
 Kumar Dharmasena
2001

70
 Gordon Greenidge
1986

68
 Craig McMillan
2001

67
 Chris Cairns
1997

67
 Graeme Smith
2005

Last updated: 1 March 2017[43]

text: Most Runs in an innings as captain

text:
Runs
Player
Opponents
Year

219
 Virender Sehwag
West Indies
2011

208*
 Rohit Sharma
Sri Lanka
2017

189
 Sanath Jayasuriya
India
2000

186*
 Sachin Tendulkar
New Zealand
1999

181
 Sir Vivian Richards
Sri Lanka
1987

Last updated: 1 March 2017[44]

text: Most Runs in an innings as wicketkeeper batsman

text:
Runs
Player
Opponents
Year

183*
 MS Dhoni
Sri Lanka
2005

178
 Quinton de Kock
Australia
2016

172
 Adam Gilchrist
New Zealand
2004

170*
 Luke Ronchi
Sri Lanka
2015

169
 Kumar Sangakkara
South Africa
2013

Last updated: 1 March 2017[45]

text: Most Runs in a career without hundred

text:
Runs
Player
Best
Span

5122
 Misbah-ul-Haq
96*
2002–2015

3717
 Wasim Akram
86
1984–2003

3266
 Moin Khan
72*
1990–2004

2943
 Heath Streak
79*
1993–2005

2784
 Andrew Jones
93
1987–1995

Last updated: 1 March 2017[46]

text: Individual records (bowling)

text: Most wickets

text:
Wickets
Matches
Player
Period

534
350
 Muttiah Muralitharan
1993–2011

502
356
 Wasim Akram
1984–2003

416
262
 Waqar Younis
1989–2003

400
322
 Chaminda Vaas
1994–2008

395
398
 Shahid Afridi
1996–2015

Last updated: 15 February 2016[47]

text: Best innings figures

text:
Bowling figures
Player
Match
Venue
Date

8/19
 Chaminda Vaas
 Sri Lanka v  Zimbabwe
Colombo
8 December 2001

7/12
 Shahid Afridi
 Pakistan v  West Indies
Guyana
14 July 2013

7/15
 Glenn McGrath
 Australia v  Namibia
Potchefstroom
27 February 2003

7/18
 Rashid Khan ‡
 Afghanistan v  West Indies
Gros Islet
9 June 2017

7/20
 Andy Bichel
 Australia v  England
Port Elizabeth
2 March 2003

Last updated: 10 June 2017[48]

text: Most runs conceded in an innings

text:
Runs
Bowling figures
Player
Match
Venue
Year
Scorecard

113
10–0–113–0
 Mick Lewis
 Australia v  South Africa
Johannesburg
2006
Scorecard

110
10–0–110–0
 Wahab Riaz ‡
 Pakistan v  England
Nottingham
2016
Scorecard

106
10–0–106–1
 Bhuvneshwar Kumar ‡
 India v  South Africa
Mumbai
2015–16
Scorecard

10–0–106–0
 Nuwan Pradeep ‡
 Sri Lanka v  India
Mohali
2017-18
Scorecard

105
12–1–105–2
 Martin Snedden
 New Zealand v  England
The Oval
1983
Scorecard

10–0–105–0
 Tim Southee ‡
 New Zealand v  India
Christchurch
2009
Scorecard

9–0–105–1
 Brian Vitori ‡
 Zimbabwe v  New Zealand
Napier
2012
Scorecard

Last updated: 13 December 2017[49]

text: Best career bowling average

text:
Bowling average
Player
Runs
Wickets

14.74
 Rashid Khan ‡
929
63

18.84
 Joel Garner
2,752
146

18.90
 Ryan Harris
832
44

18.97
 Tony Gray
835
44

19.45
 Mike Hendrick
681
35

Qualification: 1000 balls bowled
Last updated: 15 June 2017[50]

text: Best career economy rate

text:
Economy rate
Player
Balls
Runs

3.09
 Joel Garner
5,330
2,752

3.25
 Max Walker
1,006
546

3.27
 Mike Hendrick
1,248
681

3.28
 Bob Willis
3,595
1,968

3.30
 Richard Hadlee
6,182
3,407

Qualification: 1000 balls bowled
Last updated: 15 February 2016[51]

text: Best career bowling strike rate

text:
Bowling strike rate
Player
Balls
Wickets

22.2
 Rashid Khan ‡
1,401
63

23.2
 Hasan Ali ‡
1,302
56

23.4
 Ryan Harris
1,031
44

24.2
 Mustafizur Rahman ‡
1,067
44

24.7
 Corey Anderson ‡
1,485
60

Qualification: 1000 balls bowled
Last updated: 24 October 2017.[52]

text: Most 5 wickets in an innings

text:
5 wickets in an innings
Player
Matches

13
 Waqar Younis
262

10
 Muttiah Muralitharan
350

9
 Brett Lee
221

 Shahid Afridi
398

7
 Lasith Malinga ‡
194

 Glenn McGrath
250

Last updated: 12 June 2017[53]

text: Individual records (fielding)

text: Most catches in ODI career

text:
Catches
Player
Matches

218
 Mahela Jayawardene
448

160
 Ricky Ponting
375

156
 Mohammed Azharuddin
334

140
 Sachin Tendulkar
463

133
 Stephen Fleming
280

Note:The list excludes catches made as wicket-keeper.[54]
Last updated: 15 February 2016

text: Individual records (wicket-keeping)

text: Most dismissals

text:
Dismissals
Player
Innings

482 (383 catches + 99 stumpings)
 Kumar Sangakkara
353

472 (417 catches + 55 stumpings)
 Adam Gilchrist
281

424 (402 catches + 22 stumpings)
 Mark Boucher
290

400 (294 catches + 106 stumpings)
 MS Dhoni ‡
308

287 (214 catches + 73 stumpings)
 Moin Khan
209

Last updated: 17 December 2017[55]
Note. Sangakkara also took 19 catches in 44 matches when he was not the designated wicket keeper.[56]

text: Most catches

text:
Catches
Player
Innings

417
 Adam Gilchrist
281

402
 Mark Boucher
290

383
 Kumar Sangakkara
353

293
 MS Dhoni ‡
307

227
 Brendon McCullum
183

Last updated: 17 December 2017[57]
Note. Sangakkara also took 19 catches in 44 matches when he was not the designated wicket keeper.[56]

text: Most stumpings

text:
Stumpings
Player
Innings
ODI Career Span

105
 MS Dhoni‡
307
2004–present

99
 Kumar Sangakkara
353
2000–2015

75
 Romesh Kaluwitharana
185
1990–2004

73
 Moin Khan
209
1990–2004

55
 Adam Gilchrist
281
1996–2008

Last updated: 17 December 2017[58]

text: Individual records (other)

text: Most matches played

text:
Matches
Player
Period

463
 Sachin Tendulkar
1989–2012

448
 Mahela Jayawardene
1998–2015

445
 Sanath Jayasuriya
1989–2011

404
 Kumar Sangakkara
2000–2015

398
 Shahid Afridi
1996–2015

Last updated: 9 January 2016[59]

text: Partnership records

text: Highest partnerships

text:
Runs
Players
Opposition
Venue
Season

372 (2nd wicket) †
 Chris Gayle ‡ (215) &  Marlon Samuels ‡ (133*)
v  Zimbabwe
Canberra
2014–15

331 (2nd wicket)
 Sachin Tendulkar (186*) &  Rahul Dravid (153)
v  New Zealand
Hyderabad
1999–00

318 (2nd wicket)(first 300+) †
 Sourav Ganguly (183) &  Rahul Dravid (145)
v  Sri Lanka
Taunton
1999

286 (1st wicket)
 Sanath Jayasuriya (152) &  Upul Tharanga ‡ (109)
v  England
Headingley
2006

284 (1st wicket)
 David Warner ‡ (179) &  Travis Head ‡ (100)
v  Pakistan
Adelaide
2016–17

Note: † indicate partnerships, made in the Cricket World Cup.
Last updated: 26 January 2017[60]

text: Highest partnership for each wicket

text:
Wicket
Runs
Players
Opposition
Venue
Season

1st
286
 Upul Tharanga ‡ &  Sanath Jayasuriya
v  England
Headingley
2006

2nd
372
 Chris Gayle ‡ &  Marlon Samuels ‡
v  Zimbabwe
Canberra
2014–15

3rd
258
 Darren Bravo ‡ &  Denesh Ramdin ‡
v  Bangladesh
Basseterre
2014

4th
275*
 Mohammad Azharuddin &  Ajay Jadeja
v  Zimbabwe
Cuttack
1998

5th
256*
 David Miller ‡ &  JP Duminy ‡
v  Zimbabwe
Hamilton
2014–15

6th
267*
 Grant Elliott ‡ &  Luke Ronchi ‡
v  Sri Lanka
Dunedin
2015

7th
177
 Jos Buttler &  Adil Rashid
v  New Zealand
Edgbaston
2015

8th
138*
 Justin Kemp &  Andrew Hall
v  India
Cape Town
2006

9th
132
 Angelo Mathews ‡ &  Lasith Malinga ‡
v  Australia
Melbourne
2010

10th
106*
 Viv Richards &  Michael Holding
v  England
Manchester
1984

Last updated: 15 February 2016[61]


document_title: Member states of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation

question_text: when did nigeria became a member of oic

question_tokens: when did nigeria became a member of oic

text: Member states[edit]

text:
Continent

Africa

Asia

Europe

South America

Transcontinental

text:
Member state

Joined

Population

Muslim percentage

Area (km²)

Languages

Notes

 Afghanistan – Islamic Republic of Afghanistan Capital: Kabul

A 1969

A 7007255001000000000♠25,500,100 [1]

99.7[2]

A 7005652230000000000♠652,230

A DariPashto

hideFurther details

Suspended 1980 - March 1989.

 Algeria – People's Democratic Republic of Algeria Capital: Algiers

A 1969

A 7007387000000000000♠38,700,000 [1]

97.9[3]

A 7006238174100000000♠2,381,741

A ArabicTamazight

 Chad – Republic of Chad Capital: N'Djamena

A 1969

A 7007132110000000000♠13,211,000 [1]

55.3[4]

A 7006128400000000000♠1,284,000

A ArabicFrench

 Egypt – Arab Republic of Egypt Capital: Cairo

A 1969

A 7007867481000000000♠86,748,100 [1]

94.9[5]

A 7006100245000000000♠1,002,450

A Arabic

hideFurther details

Suspended May 1979 - March 1984 after signing a peace treaty with Israel.[6]

 Guinea – Republic of Guinea [note 1] Capital: Conakry

A 1969

A 7007108242000000000♠10,824,200 [1]

84.4[7]

A 7005245857000000000♠245,857

A French

 Indonesia – Republic of Indonesia Capital: Jakarta

A 1969

A 7008252164800000000♠252,164,800 [1]

87.2[8]

A 7006190456900000000♠1,904,569

A Bahasa Indonesia

hideFurther details

Indonesia has five provinces with official special autonomy status: Aceh, Jakarta SCR, Yogyakarta SR, Papua, and West Papua.

 Iran – Islamic Republic of Iran Capital: Tehran

A 1969

A 7007775570000000000♠77,557,000 [1]

99.5[9]

A 7006164819500000000♠1,648,195

A Persian

 Jordan – Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan Capital: Amman

A 1969

A 7006660296000000000♠6,602,960 [1]

97.2[10]

A 7004893420000000000♠89,342

A Arabic

 Kuwait – State of Kuwait Capital: Kuwait City

A 1969

A 7006306585000000000♠3,065,850 [1]

74.1[11]

A 7004178180000000000♠17,818

A Arabic

 Lebanon – Lebanese Republic Capital: Beirut

A 1969

A 7006496600000000000♠4,966,000 [1]

61.3[12]

A 7004104520000000000♠10,452

A Arabic

 Libya – State of Libya Capital: Tripoli

A 1969

A 7006625300000000000♠6,253,000 [1]

96.6[13]

A 7006175954000000000♠1,759,540

A Arabic

 Malaysia Capital: Kuala Lumpur

A 1969

A 7007301800000000000♠30,180,000 [1]

63.7[14]

A 7005330803000000000♠330,803

A Bahasa Melayu

hideFurther details

Malaysia is a federation of 13 states and three federal territories.

 Mali – Republic of Mali Capital: Bamako

A 1969

A 7007157680000000000♠15,768,000 [1]

94.4[15]

A 7006124019200000000♠1,240,192

A French

hideFurther details

Mali is a republic constituted by 8 regions.

 Mauritania – Islamic Republic of Mauritania Capital: Nouakchott

A 1969

A 7006346104100000000♠3,461,041 [1]

99.1[16]

A 7006103070000000000♠1,030,700

A Arabic

 Morocco – Kingdom of Morocco Capital: Rabat

A 1969

A 7007333094000000000♠33,309,400 [1]

99.9[17]

A 7005446550000000000♠446,550

A ArabicTamazight

hideFurther details

Morocco claims sovereignty over Western Sahara and controls most of it, which is disputed by the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic.

 Niger – Republic of Niger Capital: Niamey

A 1969

A 7007171387070000000♠17,138,707 [1]

98.4[18]

A 7006126700000000000♠1,267,000

A French

 Pakistan – Islamic Republic of Pakistan Capital: Islamabad

A 1969

A 7008207774520000000♠207,774,520 [1]

96.4[19]

A 7005881912000000000♠881,912

A UrduPunjabiEnglish

hideFurther details

Pakistan is a federation of four provinces, 1 capital territory, and tribal regions. Pakistan disputes Indian sovereignty over Kashmir. It exercises control over some areas, but does not explicitly claim any part of it,[20][21] instead regarding it as a disputed territory.[22][23] The portions that it controls are divided into two polities, administered separately from Pakistan proper:[note 2]
 Azad Kashmir
 Gilgit–Baltistan

 Palestine – State of Palestine [24] Capital: Jerusalem (claims), Ramallah (administrative), Gaza City (administrative)

A 1969[25]

A 7006442054900000000♠4,420,549 [1]

97.6[26][note 3]

A 7003622000000000000♠6,220

A Arabic

hideFurther details

The declared State of Palestine has received diplomatic recognition from 137 states.[27] The proclaimed state has no agreed territorial borders, or effective control on much of the territory that it proclaimed.[28] The Palestinian National Authority is an interim administrative body formed as a result of the Oslo Accords that exercises limited autonomous jurisdiction within the Palestinian territories. In foreign relations, Palestine is represented by the Palestine Liberation Organization. The State of Palestine is a member state of UNESCO,[29] and an observer state in the UN.

 Saudi Arabia – Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Capital: Riyadh

A 1969

A 7007299942720000000♠29,994,272 [1]

93.0[30]

A 7006214969000000000♠2,149,690

A Arabic

 Senegal – Republic of Senegal Capital: Dakar

A 1969

A 7007128736010000000♠12,873,601 [1]

96.4[31]

A 7005196722000000000♠196,722

A French

 Somalia – Federal Republic of Somalia Capital: Mogadishu

A 1969

A 7007108060000000000♠10,806,000 [1]

99.8[32]

A 7005637657000000000♠637,657

A ArabicSomali

hideFurther details

Following the adoption of the Provisional Federal Constitution in August 2012, Somalia is a federation, the Federal Republic of Somalia, which is divided into several Federal Member States.[33]

 Sudan – Republic of the Sudan Capital: Khartoum

A 1969

A 7007372894060000000♠37,289,406 [1]

90.7[34][note 4]

A 7006188606800000000♠1,886,068

A ArabicEnglish

hideFurther details

Sudan is a federation of 17 states. Disputes Abyei and Kafia Kingi with South Sudan.

 Tunisia – Republic of Tunisia Capital: Tunis

A 1969

A 7007108865000000000♠10,886,500 [1]

99.5[36]

A 7005163610000000000♠163,610

A Arabic

 Turkey – Republic of Turkey Capital: Ankara

A 1969

A 7007766678640000000♠76,667,864 [1]

98.0[37]

A 7005783562000000000♠783,562

A Turkish

hideFurther details

Transcontinental country in Europe and Asia, classified as West Asian countries by the United Nations Statistics Division:  Turkey

 Yemen – Republic of Yemen Capital: Sana'a

A 1969

A 7007252350000000000♠25,235,000 [1]

99.1[38]

A 7005527968000000000♠527,968

A Arabic

hideFurther details

Joined separately as  North Yemen and  South Yemen. Both unified in 1990.

 Bahrain – Kingdom of Bahrain Capital: Manama

A 1970

A 7006123457100000000♠1,234,571 [1]

70.3[39]

A 7002765000000000000♠765

A Arabic

 Oman – Sultanate of Oman Capital: Muscat

A 1970

A 7006402000000000000♠4,020,000 [1]

85.9[40]

A 7005309500000000000♠309,500

A Arabic

 Qatar – State of Qatar Capital: Doha

A 1970

A 7006217403500000000♠2,174,035 [1]

67.7[41]

A 7004115860000000000♠11,586

A Arabic

 Syria – Syrian Arab Republic Capital: Damascus

A 1970

A 7007219870000000000♠21,987,000 [1]

92.8[42]

A 7005185180000000000♠185,180

A Arabic

hideFurther details

The Syrian National Coalition, which is recognized as the legitimate representative of the Syrian people by 20 UN members, has established an interim government to rule rebel controlled territory during the Syrian civil war.
Syria has one self-declared autonomous region:

 Syrian Kurdistan
Suspended in August 2012 during the Syrian civil war.[43]

 United Arab Emirates Capital: Abu Dhabi

A 1971

A 7006944600000000000♠9,446,000 [1]

76.9[44]

A 7004836000000000000♠83,600

A Arabic

hideFurther details

The United Arab Emirates is a federation of seven emirates.

 Sierra Leone – Republic of Sierra Leone Capital: Freetown

A 1972

A 7006619028000000000♠6,190,280 [1]

78.0[45]

A 7004717400000000000♠71,740

A English

 Bangladesh – People's Republic of Bangladesh Capital: Dhaka

A 1974

A 7008156569000000000♠156,569,000 [1]

90.4[46]

A 7005147570000000000♠147,570

A Bengali

 Gabon – Gabonese Republic Capital: Libreville

A 1974

A 7006171100000000000♠1,711,000 [1]

11.2[47]

A 7005267668000000000♠267,668

A French

Gambia  Gambia, The – Republic of the Gambia Capital: Banjul

A 1974

A 7006188245000000000♠1,882,450 [1]

95.1[48]

A 7004112950000000000♠11,295

A English

 Guinea-Bissau – Republic of Guinea-Bissau Capital: Bissau

A 1974

A 7006174600000000000♠1,746,000 [1]

45.1[49]

A 7004361250000000000♠36,125

A Portuguese

 Uganda – Republic of Uganda Capital: Kampala

A 1974

A 7007353570000000000♠35,357,000 [1]

11.5[50]

A 7005241550000000000♠241,550

A EnglishSwahili

 Burkina Faso [note 5] Capital: Ouagadougou

A 1975

A 7007181055700000000♠18,105,570 [1]

61.6[51]

A 7005241550000000000♠241,550

A French

 Cameroon – Republic of Cameroon Capital: Yaoundé

A 1975

A 7007353570000000000♠35,357,000 [1]

18.3[52]

A 7005241550000000000♠241,550

A FrenchEnglish

 Comoros – Union of the Comoros Capital: Moroni

A 1976

A 7005743798000000000♠743,798 [1]

98.3[53]

A 7003186200000000000♠1,862

A ComorianFrenchArabic

hideFurther details

Comoros is a federation of 3 islands.[note 6][54]

 Iraq – Republic of Iraq Capital: Baghdad

A 1976

A 7007360045520000000♠36,004,552 [1]

99.0[55]

A 7005438317000000000♠438,317

A ArabicKurdish

hideFurther details

Iraq is a federation [56] of 18 governorates, three of which make up the autonomous:
 Iraqi Kurdistan.

 Maldives – Republic of Maldives Capital: Malé

A 1976

A 7005317280000000000♠317,280 [1]

98.4[57]

A 7002300000000000000♠300

A Dhivehi

 Djibouti – Republic of Djibouti Capital: Djibouti

A 1978

A 7005886000000000000♠886,000 [1]

96.9[58]

A 7004232000000000000♠23,200

A ArabicFrench

 Benin – Republic of Benin [note 7] Capital: Porto-Novo

A 1982

A 7006998806800000000♠9,988,068 [1]

23.8[59]

A 7005112622000000000♠112,622

A French

 Brunei – Negara Brunei Darussalam Capital: Bandar Seri Begawan

A 1984

A 7005393162000000000♠393,162 [1]

75.1[60]

A 7003576500000000000♠5,765

A Malay

hideFurther details

Brunei is a nation constituted by 4 districts.

 Nigeria – Federal Republic of Nigeria Capital: Abuja

A 1986

A 7008178517000000000♠178,517,000 [1]

48.8[61]

A 7005923768000000000♠923,768

A English

hideFurther details

Nigeria is a federation of 36 states and 1 federal territory.

 Azerbaijan – Republic of Azerbaijan Capital: Baku

A 1991

A 7006947710000000000♠9,477,100 [1]

96.9[62]

A 7004866000000000000♠86,600

A Azerbaijani

hideFurther details

Azerbaijan contains two autonomous regions, Nakhchivan and Nagorno-Karabakh (Dağlıq Qarabağ).[note 8]
Transcontinental country in Europe and Asia, classified as West Asian countries by the United Nations Statistics Division:  Azerbaijan

 Albania – Republic of Albania Capital: Tirana

A 1992

A 7006282197700000000♠2,821,977 [1]

56.7[63]

A 7004287480000000000♠28,748

A Albanian

hideFurther details

Albania is a republic constituted by 12 counties.

 Kyrgyzstan – Kyrgyz Republic Capital: Bishkek

A 1992

A 7006577657000000000♠5,776,570 [1]

88.0[64]

A 7005199951000000000♠199,951

A KyrgyzRussian

 Tajikistan – Republic of Tajikistan Capital: Dushanbe

A 1992

A 7006816000000000000♠8,160,000 [1]

96.7[65]

A 7005143100000000000♠143,100

A Tajiki

hideFurther details

Tajikistan contains 1 autonomous region, Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Province.

 Turkmenistan Capital: Ashgabat

A 1992

A 7006530700000000000♠5,307,000 [1]

93.0[66]

A 7005488100000000000♠488,100

A Turkmen

 Mozambique – Republic of Mozambique Capital: Maputo

A 1994

A 7007237007150000000♠23,700,715 [1]

18.0[67]

A 7005801590000000000♠801,590

A Portuguese

 Kazakhstan – Republic of Kazakhstan Capital: Astana

A 1995

A 7007172440000000000♠17,244,000 [1]

70.4[68]

A 7006272490000000000♠2,724,900

A KazakhRussian

hideFurther details

Transcontinental country in Europe and Asia, classified as West Asian countries by the United Nations Statistics Division:  Kazakhstan

 Uzbekistan – Republic of Uzbekistan Capital: Tashkent

A 1995

A 7007304928000000000♠30,492,800 [1]

96.7[69]

A 7005447400000000000♠447,400

A Uzbek

hideFurther details

Uzbekistan contains 1 autonomous region:
 Karakalpakstan.

 Suriname – Republic of Suriname Capital: Paramaribo

A 1996

A 7005534189000000000♠534,189 [1]

15.2[70]

A 7005163820000000000♠163,820

A Dutch

 Togo – Togolese Republic Capital: Lomé

A 1997

A 7006699300000000000♠6,993,000 [1]

14.0[71]

A 7004567850000000000♠56,785

A French

 Guyana – Co-operative Republic of Guyana Capital: Georgetown

A 1998

A 7005784894000000000♠784,894 [1]

06.4[72]

A 7005214969000000000♠214,969

A English

 Ivory Coast – Republic of Côte d'Ivoire Capital: Yamoussoukro

A 2001

A 7007232020000000000♠23,202,000 [1]

37.5[73]

A 7005322463000000000♠322,463

A French

text: Observer states[edit]

text:
Member state

Joined

Population

Muslim percentage

Area (km²)

Languages

Notes

 Bosnia and Herzegovina Capital: Sarajevo

A 1994

A 7006379162200000000♠3,791,622 [1]

45.2[74]

A 7004512090000000000♠51,209

A BosnianSerbianCroatian

hideFurther details

Bosnia and Herzegovina is a federation of two constituent units:
 Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina
 Republika Srpska
and Brčko District, a self-governing administrative unit.[note 9]Was given an invitation in 2013 by the OIC to join as a full member.[75]

 Central African Republic Capital: Bangui

A 1997

A 7006470900000000000♠4,709,000 [1]

08.5[76]

A 7005622984000000000♠622,984

A French

 Northern Cyprus – Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus Capital: Nicosia

A 1979 [77]

A 7005294906000000000♠294,906 [1]

99[78][note 10]

A 7003335500000000000♠3,355

A Turkish

hideFurther details

Recognised only by Turkey. Under the name "Turkish Cypriot State", it is an observer state of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation and the Economic Cooperation Organization. Northern Cyprus is claimed in whole by the Republic of Cyprus.[80]
Designation changed in 2004[81]
Egypt, Iran and the United Arab Emirates requested at September 2014's summit of the OIC in New York that the Turkish Cypriot State not be referred to in the meeting conclusions.[82][83][84]
OIC SG received the president and foreign minister of Northern Cyprus.[85][86]
In 2017, Northern Cyprus was represented with its official name "Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus" for the first time at an OIC conference in Saudi Arabia.[87][88]

 Thailand – Kingdom of Thailand Capital: Bangkok

A 1998

A 7007644567000000000♠64,456,700 [1]

05.5[89]

A 7005513120000000000♠513,120

A Thai

hideFurther details

Thailand is a kingdom constituted by 76 provinces.

 Russia – Russian Federation Capital: Moscow

A 2005

A 7008146048500000000♠146,048,500 [1]

10.0[90]

A 7007171252420000000♠17,125,242

A Russian

hideFurther details

Russia is officially a federation of 85 federal subjects (republics, oblasts, krais, autonomous okrugs, federal cities, and an autonomous oblast).[note 11]
Russia effectively administers Crimea as two federal subjects:

 Republic of Crimea
 Sevastopol
The Treaty on Accession of the Republic of Crimea to Russia was signed between representatives of the Republic of Crimea (including Sevastopol, with which the rest of Crimea briefly unified) and the Russian Federation on 18 March 2014 to lay out terms for the immediate admission of the Republic of Crimea and Sevastopol as federal subjects of Russia and part of the Russian Federation. It was ratified by the Federal Assembly by March 21.
Transcontinental countries in Europe and Asia, classified as Eastern European countries by the United Nations Statistics Division:
 Russia

text: Withdrawn[edit]

text:
Suspended or withdrawn state

Joined

Notes

 Zanzibar

1993

Withdrew August 1993

text: Observer organisations and communities[edit]

text:
Organisation or community

Joined

Notes

 Moro National Liberation Front

1977

Blocking membership of the Philippines

text: Observer Islamic institutions[edit]

text:
Islamic institution

Joined

Notes

Parliamentary Union of the OIC Member States

2000

Islamic Conference Youth Forum for Dialogue and Cooperation

2005

text: Observer international organisations[edit]

text:
Organisation

Joined

Notes

League of Arab States

1975

United Nations

1976

Non-Aligned Movement

1977

African Union

1977

Economic Cooperation Organisation

1995

text: Membership attempts[edit]

text:
Belarus - Requested observer status in 2010.[91][92]
 Brazil - Requested observer status in 2011.[93]
 Central African Republic - Requested full membership in 2002.[91][94]
 China - Requested observer status in 2012.[95]
 Democratic Republic of Congo - Requested observer status in 2008[96] and full membership in 2011.[92]
 India - India, where Muslims are a minority had shown an interest in joining the OIC as a member state at the time of its formation.[97] However, it was opposed by Pakistan. India has never since made a formal application to join OIC as an observer or as a member state.[98] While India's potential candidacy is supported by some OIC members,[99] Pakistan's strong opposition and threat to boycott the OIC has effectively led to India's inclusion in the OIC being blocked. The Pakistan Foreign Office has argued that India's inclusion in OIC would violate the rules of the OIC, which require that an aspirant state should not have an ongoing conflict with a member state.[100]
 Kenya - Requested full membership in 2011.[92]
 Liberia - Requested full membership in November 2016.[101]
 Mauritius - Requested full membership in 2002.[91][94]
   Nepal - Requested observer status in 2008.[96]
 Philippines - Requested observer status in 2008.[96]  The Philippine government has made attempts to join the OIC, but this is opposed by the Moro National Liberation Front, an OIC observer located in the Philippines. The MNLF claims that Philippine membership is unnecessary[citation needed]. In 2009, the country's bid received stronger support and has been advocated by Indonesia, Iran, Malaysia, and the United Arab Emirates, among others.[102][103][104][105]
 Serbia - Requested observer status in 2008.[96]
 South Africa - Requested observer status in 2002.[96]
 Sri Lanka - Requested observer status in 2008.[96]

text: Notes[edit]

text:
Jump up ^ Also known as Guinea-Conakry.

Jump up ^ Sovereignty over Kashmir is disputed between India and Pakistan; smaller parts are disputed by the People's Republic of China and the Republic of China. Kashmir is divided between India, Pakistan and the PRC. See the List of territorial disputes.

Jump up ^ It is not clear whether this figure includes areas such as Gaza, East Jerusalem, and other parts of the Israeli-occupied West Bank that are not controlled by the Palestinian Authority.

Jump up ^ This 2010 figure does not include South Sudan, even though it only gained independence from Sudan in 2011. Pew Research Center gives 6.2% for South Sudan's Muslim population in 2010.[35]

Jump up ^ Also known as Burkina; formerly referred to as Upper Volta, its official name until 1984.

Jump up ^ More information on more or less federal structures can be found at a List of federations.

Jump up ^ Formerly referred to as Dahomey, its official name until 1975.

Jump up ^ In Nagorno-Karabakh, a de facto state has been established.

Jump up ^ For more information about the division of Bosnia and Herzegovina, see Dayton Agreement and the text of The General Framework Agreement for Peace in Bosnia and Herzegovina Archived 2015-06-04 at the Wayback Machine. (14 December 1995). Office of the High Representative. Retrieved 28 February 2011.

Jump up ^ This figure is published in 2013, unlike the Pew Research Center figures which are from 2010. Pew does not appear to have separate figures for Northern Cyprus, which is not a widely recognised state, but gives 25.3% as the Muslim percentage of the whole of Cyprus in 2010.[79]

Jump up ^ Several of the federal subjects are ethnic republics.