document_title: 2018 FIFA World Cup broadcasting rights

question_text: what channels will the world cup be on usa

text: 2018 FIFA World Cup broadcasting rights

text: FIFA, through several companies, sold the broadcasting rights for the 2018 FIFA World Cup[1] to the following broadcasters.

text: Television[edit]

text:
Country/Region

Broadcaster

Ref.

 Afghanistan

ATN

[1][2]

 Albania

RTSH

[1]

 Andorra

TF1, France Télévisions, TVE, beIN Sports

[1]

 Angola

TPA, Kwesé Sports, SuperSport, StarTimes, Canal+

[1]

 Argentina

TV Pública, TyC Sports, DirecTV

[1]

 Armenia

ARMTV

[1]

 Australia

SBS, Optus Sport

[3][4][5]

 Austria

ORF, OE24, DAZN

[1]

 Azerbaijan

İTV, AzTV

[1]

 Bangladesh

BTV, Maasranga TV, Nagorik TV, Sony Pictures Networks

[1][2][6]

 Bahamas

ZNS, DirecTV

[1]

 Belarus

BTRC

[1]

 Belgium

VRT, RTBF

[1]

 Benin

ORTB, Kwesé Sports, SuperSport, StarTimes, Canal+

[1]

 Bermuda

BBC, DirecTV

[1]

 Bhutan

Sony Pictures Networks

[1]

 Bolivia

Unitel, Red Uno, DirecTV

[1]

 Bosnia and Herzegovina

BHRT

[1]

 Brazil

Globo, SporTV, Fox Sports

[7][8][9]

 Brunei

Astro

[1]

 Bulgaria

BNT

[1]

 Burkina Faso

RTB, Kwesé Sports, SuperSport, StarTimes, Canal+

[1]

 Cambodia

CBS

[1][2]

 Cameroon

CRTV, Kwesé Sports, SuperSport, StarTimes, Canal+

[1]

 Canada

CTV, TSN, RDS

[4][10][1]

 Chad

ORTNV, Kwesé Sports, SuperSport, StarTimes, Canal+

[1]

 Chile

Canal 13, TVN, Mega, DirecTV, Movistar

[1]

 China

CCTV, Migu, Youku

[2][11][12]

 Colombia

Caracol TV, RCN TV, DirecTV

[1]

 Congo

Télé Congo, Kwesé Sports, SuperSport, StarTimes, Canal+

[1]

 Costa Rica

Teletica, Sky, Movistar

[1][13]

 Côte d'Ivoire

RTI, Kwesé Sports, SuperSport, StarTimes, Canal+

[1]

 Croatia

HRT

[1]

 Cuba

ICRT

[1]

 Cyprus

CyBC

[1]

 Czech Republic

ČT

[1]

 Denmark

DR, TV 2

[1]

 Dominica

Sky, DirecTV

[1]

 Dominican Republic

Antena 7, Sky

[14]

 Ecuador

RTS, DirecTV

[1]

 El Salvador

TCS, Sky

[1]

 Estonia

ERR

[1]

 Faroe Islands

DR, TV 2

[1]

 Finland

Yle

[1][15]

 France

TF1, France Télévisions, beIN Sports

[1]

 Gabon

RTG, Kwesé Sports, SuperSport, StarTimes, Canal+

[1]

 Gambia

GRTS, Kwesé Sports, SuperSport, StarTimes, Canal+

[1]

 Germany

ARD, ZDF, Sky Sport, DAZN

[16][17][18][19][20]

 Georgia

GPB

[1]

 Ghana

GBC, Kwesé Sports, SuperSport, StarTimes, Canal+

[1]

 Greece

ERT

[1]

 Greenland

DR, TV 2

[1]

 Guatemala

TV Azteca, Tigo Sports, Sky, Movistar

[1]

 Guinea

RTG, Kwesé Sports, SuperSport, StarTimes, Canal+

[1]

 Honduras

TVC, Sky, Movistar

[1]

 Hong Kong

ViuTV, Now TV

[1][2][21][22]

 Hungary

MTVA

[1]

 Iceland

RÚV

[1]

 India

Jio TV, AirTel TV, Sony Pictures Networks

[1][23]

 Indonesia

Trans Media, K-Vision, SuperPass, USeeTV

[2][24][25][26][27]

 Iran

IRIB, beIN Sports

[28]

 Ireland

RTÉ

[1]

 Israel

KAN, Keshet, Sport 5, Charlton

[1]

 Italy

Mediaset

[1]

 Jamaica

TVJ, DirecTV

[1]

 Japan

NHK, NTV, TV Asahi, TBS, Fuji TV

[1]

 Kazakhstan

Qazaqstan

[1]

 Kenya

NTV, Kwesé Sports, SuperSport, StarTimes, Canal+

[1]

 Kosovo

RTK

[1]

 Kyrgyzstan

KTRK

[1]

 Laos

TVLAO

[1][2]

 Latvia

LTV

[1]

 Lebanon

Télé Liban, beIN Sports

[1][29][30]

 Liechtenstein

SRG SSR

[31]

 Lithuania

LRT

[1]

 Macau

TDM

[2][32]

 Madagascar

ORTM, Kwesé Sports, SuperSport, StarTimes, Canal+

[1]

 Malaysia

Astro, RTM (only terrestrial network)

[1][33][34][35]

 Maldives

PSM, Sony Pictures Networks

[1]

 Mali

Africable, Kwesé Sports, SuperSport, StarTimes, Canal+

[1]

 Malta

PBS

[1]

 Mauritius

MBC, Kwesé Sports, SuperSport, StarTimes, Canal+

[1]

 Mexico

Televisa, TV Azteca, Sky México

[1]

 Moldova

TRM

[1]

 Monaco

TF1, France Télévisions, beIN Sports

[1]

 Mongolia

NTV, MNB

[1][2]

 Montenegro

RTCG

[1]

 Morocco

SNRT, beIN Sports

[1][36][37]

 Mozambique

TVM, TV Miramar, TV Sucesso, Kwesé Sports, SuperSport, StarTimes, Canal+

[1]

 Myanmar

Skynet Sports

[1][2]

 Namibia

NBC, Kwesé Sports, SuperSport, StarTimes, Canal+

[1]

   Nepal

NTV, Kantipur TV, Sony Pictures Networks

[1]

 Netherlands

NOS

[1]

 New Zealand

Sky Sport

[1][38]

 Nicaragua

Ratensa, Sky, Movistar

[1]

 Niger

ORTN, Kwesé Sports, SuperSport, StarTimes, Canal+

[1]

 Nigeria

NTA, Kwesé Sports, SuperSport, StarTimes, Canal+

[1]

 North Korea

KCTV

[1]

 Norway

NRK, TV 2

[1]

 Pakistan

PTV, Sony Pictures Networks

[1]

 Panama

Corporación Medcom, Televisora Nacional, Sky, Movistar

[1]

 Papua New Guinea

EM TV, Sky Pacific

[1]

 Paraguay

SNT, Telefuturo, TyC, DirecTV

[1]

 Peru

Latina, DirecTV

[1]

 Philippines

ABS-CBN

[1][2][39]

 Poland

TVP, NC+

[1]

 Portugal

RTP, SIC, SportTV

[40][41][42]

 Romania

TVR

[1]

 Rwanda

RBA, Kwesé Sports, SuperSport, StarTimes, Canal+

[1]

 Russia

Perviy Kanal, VGTRK, Match TV

[43]

 San Marino

Mediaset

[1]

 Senegal

RTS, Kwesé Sports, SuperSport, StarTimes, Canal+

[1]

 Serbia

RTS

[1]

 Seychelles

SBC, Kwesé Sports, SuperSport, StarTimes, Canal+

[1]

 Singapore

Mediacorp, Singtel, StarHub

[2][44]

 Slovakia

RTVS

[1]

 Slovenia

RTVSLO

[1]

 Solomon Islands

Our Telekom, Sky Pacific

[1]

 South Africa

SABC, SuperSport, StarTimes

[1][45]

 South Korea

KBS, MBC, SBS

[1]

 Spain

Mediaset España Comunicación

[1]

 Sri Lanka

Sri Lanka Rupavahini Corporation, Sony Pictures Networks

[1]

 Suriname

SCCN, DirecTV

[1]

 Sweden

SVT, TV4

[16][18]

  Switzerland

SRG SSR, DAZN

[31]

 Taiwan

ELTA, CTS

[1][2][46]

 Tajikistan

Varzish TV

[1]

 Tanzania

TBC, Kwesé Sports, SuperSport, StarTimes, Canal+

[1]

 Thailand

TrueVisions, Channel 5, Amarin TV

[2][47][48][49]

 Timor Leste

ETO Telco

[1][2]

 Togo

TVT, Kwesé Sports, SuperSport, StarTimes, Canal+

[1]

 Trinidad & Tobago

CNC3, DirecTV

[1]

 Tunisia

ERTT, beIN Sports

[1]

 Turkey

TRT

[1]

 Uganda

BBS, Kwesé Sports, SuperSport, StarTimes, Canal+

[1]

 Ukraine

Inter, NTN

[1][50]

 United KingdomshowHome Nations/Territories
 Channel Islands
 England
 Isle of Man
 Northern Ireland
 Scotland
 Wales

BBC, ITV

[17]

 United Statesshowand territories
 American Samoa
 Guam
 Northern Mariana Islands
 Puerto Rico
 Baker Island
 Howland Island
 Jarvis Island
 Johnston Atoll
 Kingman Reef
 Midway Islands
 Navassa Island
 Palmyra Atoll
 Wake Island

Fox Sports, Telemundo

[51][52]

 Uruguay

Monte Carlo, Canal 10, Teledoce, TyC, DirecTV

[1]

 Uzbekistan

Uzreport TV, Futbol TV

[2][53]

  Vatican City

RAI, Sky Sport

[1]

 Venezuela

Venevisión, TVes, Meridiano Televisión, VC Sports, DirecTV

[1]

 Vietnam

HTV, VTV

[2][54][55]

 Zambia

Muvi TV, Kwesé Sports, SuperSport, StarTimes, Canal+

[1]

text:
Region

Broadcaster

Ref.

CaribbeanshowCountries/Territories
 Antigua & Barbuda
 Anguilla
 Aruba
 Barbados
 Belize
 British Virgin Islands
 Cayman Islands
 Curaçao
 Dominican Republic
 Grenada
 Guyana
 Haiti
 Montserrat
 St. Lucia
 St. Kitts & Nevis
 St. Vincent & the Grenadines
 Turks and Caicos
 U.S. Virgin Islands

DirecTV

[1][56][1]

Middle East and North AfricashowCountries
 Algeria
 Bahrain
 Comoros
 Djibouti
 Egypt
 Iraq
 Jordan
 Kuwait
 Libya
 Mauritania
 Oman
 Palestinian Authority
 Qatar
 Saudi Arabia
 Somalia
 South Sudan
 Sudan
 Syria
 United Arab Emirates
 Yemen

beIN Sports

[1][57][58][59]

OceaniashowCountries/Territories
 Cook Islands
 Fiji
 Kiribati
 Micronesia
 Nauru
 Palau
 Samoa
 Tonga
 Tuvalu
 Vanuatu

Sky Pacific

[1]

Sub-Saharan AfricashowCountries
 Botswana
 Burundi
 Cape Verde
 Central African Republic
 DR Congo
 Equatorial Guinea
 Eritrea
 Ethiopia
 Guinea-Bissau
 Lesotho
 Liberia
 Malawi
 Sierra Leone
 Swaziland
 Zimbabwe

Kwesé Sports, SuperSport, StarTimes, Canal+

[1][60]

text: Radio[edit]

text:
Nation/Territory

Broadcaster

Ref

 Albania

RTSH

[1]

 Australia

SBS, ABC

[1]

 Austria

ORF

[1]

 Belarus

BTRC

[1]

 Belgium

VRT, RTBF

[1]

 Bosnia and Herzegovina

BHRT

[1]

 Brazil

Rádio Bandeirantes, Rádio Gaúcha, Rádio Itatiaia, Rádio Jovem Pan, Rádio Verdes Mares, Radio Sagres 730, Sistema Globo de Rádio, Super Rádio Tupi

[1]

 Bulgaria

BNR

[1]

 Chile

ADN Radio, Radio Bío-Bío, Radio Cooperativa, UCV Radio

[1]

 Colombia

Blu Radio, Caracol Radio, RCN Radio

[1]

 Costa Rica

Radio Columbia, Radio Monumental, Teletica Radio

[1]

 Croatia

HRT

[1]

 Cyprus

CyBC

[1]

 Denmark

DR

[1]

 Ecuador

RTS

[1]

 Estonia

ERR

[1]

 France

Europe 1, RTL, Radio France, RMC

[1]

 Finland

Yle

[1]

 Georgia

GPB

[1]

 Germany

ARD, RTL Radio, Radio Hamburg, Radio NRW, Hitradio RTL Sachsen, Hitradio FFH, Antenne Bayern, 89.0 RTL

[1]

 Guatemala

Emisoras Unidas, La Red Deportes 106.1

[1]

 Hong Kong

RTHK

[61]

 Iceland

RÚV

[1]

 Indonesia

RRI

[62]

 Iran

IRIB

[1]

 Ireland

RTÉ

[1]

 Israel

KAN

[1]

 Italy

RAI, Mediaset

[1][63]

 Jamaica

RJR 94 FM

[1]

 Kosovo

RTK

[1]

 Liechtenstein

SRG SSR

[1]

 Lithuania

LT

[1]

 Macau

TDM

[1]

 Macedonia

MRT

[1]

 Moldova

TeleRadio-Moldova

[1]

 Monaco

RMC Sport

[1]

 Montenegro

RTCG

[1]

 Morocco

SNRT,Radio Mars

[1][36]

 Netherlands

NOS

[1]

 Norway

NRK

[1]

 Peru

RPP

[1]

 Portugal

RTP, TSF, Rádio Renascença

[1]

 Portuguese-speaking AfricashowCountries
 Cape Verde
 Guinea-Bissau
 Mozambique
 São Tomé and Príncipe

RTP

[64]

 Russia

VGTRK

[1]

 Serbia

RTS

[1]

 Slovenia

RTVSLO

[1]

 South Africa

SABC

[1]

 South Korea

SBS

[1]

 Spain

RTVE, Cadena COPE, Cadena SER, Onda Cero, Radio Marca

[1]

 Sub-Saharan AfricashowCountries
 Angola
 Benin
 Botswana
 Burkina Faso
 Burundi
 Cameroon
 Cape Verde
 Central African Republic
 Chad
 Congo
 Côte d'Ivoire
 DR Congo
 Equatorial Guinea
 Eritrea
 Ethiopia
 Gabon
 Gambia
 Ghana
 Guinea
 Guinea-Bissau
 Kenya
 Lesotho
 Liberia
 Madagascar
 Malawi
 Mali
 Mauritius
 Mozambique
 Namibia
 Niger
 Nigeria
 Rwanda
 São Tomé and Príncipe
 Senegal
 Seychelles
 Sierra Leone
 Swaziland
 Tanzania
 Togo
 Uganda
 Zambia
 Zimbabwe

France Médias Monde

[1]

 Sweden

SR

[1]

  Switzerland

SRG SSR

[1]

 Turkey

TRT

[1]

 United KingdomshowHome Nations/Territories
 England
 Scotland
 Wales
 Northern Ireland
 Gibraltar
 Channel Islands
 Isle of Man

BBC, Talksport

[1]

 United States showand territories
 American Samoa
 Guam
 Northern Mariana Islands
 Puerto Rico
 U.S. Virgin Islands
 Baker Island
 Howland Island
 Jarvis Island
 Johnston Atoll
 Kingman Reef
 Midway Islands
 Navassa Island
 Palmyra Atoll
 Wake Island

Fox Sports Radio (simulcast of television audio), Fútbol de Primera

[1][65]

 Uruguay

770 AM Oriental, 810 AM El Espectador, 850 AM Carve, 890 AM Sarandí Sport, 930 AM Monte Carlo, 970 AM Radio Universal, 1090 AM Radio Imparcial, 1410 AM Radio LaCatorce10, 99.5 FM Del Sol

[1]

 Vietnam

VOV

[1][66]


document_title: Scarlett O'Hara

question_text: who does scarlett end up with in gone with the wind

root

text: Scarlett O'Hara

text: Biography[edit]

text: O'Hara is the oldest living child of Gerald and Ellen O'Hara. She was born in 1844 or 1845 on her family's plantation Tara in Georgia. She was named Katie Scarlett, after her father's mother, but is always called Scarlett, except by her father, who refers to her as "Katie Scarlett."[3] She is from a Catholic family of Irish and French ancestry, and a descendent of an aristocratic Savannah family on her mother's side (the Robillards). O'Hara has black hair, green eyes, and pale skin. She is famous for her fashionably small waist.[4] Scarlett has two younger sisters, Susan Elinor ("Suellen") O'Hara and Caroline Irene ("Carreen") O'Hara, and three little brothers who died in infancy. Her baby brothers are buried in the family burying ground at Tara, and each was named Gerald O'Hara, Jr.

tag: p

text: Personality[edit]

text: Scarlett O'Hara is an atypical protagonist, especially as a female romantic lead in fiction. When the novel opens, Scarlett is sixteen. She is vain, self-centered, and very spoiled by her wealthy parents. She can also be insecure, but is very intelligent, despite her fashionable Southern-belle pretense at ignorance and helplessness around men. She is somewhat unusual among Southern women, whom society preferred to act as dainty creatures who needed protection from their men. Scarlett is aware that she is only acting empty-headed, and resents the fashionable "necessity" of it, unlike most of her typical party-going Southern belles social set.

text: Outwardly, Scarlett is the picture of southern charm and womanly virtues, and a popular belle with the country males. The one man she truly wants, however, is her neighbor, Ashley Wilkes – the one man she can't have. The Wilkes family has a tradition of intermarrying with their cousins, and Ashley is promised to his cousin, Melanie Hamilton of Atlanta. Scarlett's motivation in the early part of the novel centers on her desire to win Ashley's heart. When he refuses her advances (which no well-bred Southern lady would be so forward as to make), she takes refuge in childish rage, and spitefully accepts the proposal of Charles Hamilton, Melanie's brother, in a misguided effort to get back at Ashley and Melanie.

text: Rhett Butler, a wealthy older bachelor and a society pariah, overhears Scarlett express her love to Ashley during a barbecue at Twelve Oaks, the Wilkes' estate. Rhett admires Scarlett's willfulness and her departure from accepted propriety as well as her beauty. He pursues Scarlett, but is aware of her impetuousness, childish spite, and her fixation on Ashley. He assists Scarlett in defiance of proper Victorian mourning customs when her husband, Charles Hamilton, dies in a training camp, and Rhett encourages her hoydenish behavior (by antebellum custom) in Atlanta society. Scarlett, privately chafing from the strict rules of polite society, finds friendship with Rhett liberating.

text: The Civil War sweeps away the lifestyle for which Scarlett was raised, and Southern society falls into ruin. Scarlett, left destitute after Sherman's army marches through Georgia, becomes the sole source of strength for her family. Her character begins to harden as her relatives, the family slaves and the Wilkes family look to her for protection from homelessness and starvation. Scarlett becomes money-conscious and more materialistic in her motivation to ensure that her family survives and Tara stays in her family, while other Georgia planters are losing their homes. This extends to stealing her younger sister's fiancé, going into business herself (well-bred southern ladies never worked outside the home), engaging in controversial business practices and even exploiting convict labor in order to make her lumber business profit. Her conduct results in the accidental death of her second husband, Frank Kennedy, and shortly after she marries Rhett Butler for "fun" and because he is very wealthy.

text: Scarlett is too insecure and vain to truly grow up and realize her pursuit of Ashley is misdirected until the climax of the novel. With the death of Melanie Wilkes, she realizes her pursuit of Ashley was a childish romance. She realizes she never really loved Ashley and that she has loved Rhett Butler for some time. She pursues Rhett from the Wilkes home to their home, only to discover he has given up hope of ever receiving her love, and is about to leave her. After telling him she loves him, he refuses to stay with her, which leads to the famous line, "Frankly, my dear, I don't give a damn." Wracked with grief, but determined to once again pursue and win her man, realizing that Tara is what matters most to her (other than Rhett) Scarlet returns home to Tara to launch her pursuit of Rhett at a later time.

text: Searching for Scarlett[edit]

text: While the studio and the public agreed that the part of Rhett Butler should go to Clark Gable (except for Clark Gable himself), casting for the role of Scarlett was harder. The search for an actress to play Scarlett in the film version of the novel famously drew the biggest names in the history of cinema, such as Bette Davis (who had been cast as a Southern belle in Jezebel in 1938), and Katharine Hepburn, who went so far as demanding an appointment with producer David O. Selznick and saying, "I am Scarlett O'Hara! The role is practically written for me." Selznick replied rather bluntly, "I can't imagine Rhett Butler chasing you for twelve years." [5] Jean Arthur and Lucille Ball were also considered, as well as relatively unknown actress Doris Davenport. Susan Hayward was "discovered" when she tested for the part, and the career of Lana Turner developed quickly after her screen test. Tallulah Bankhead and Joan Bennett were widely considered to be the most likely choices until they were supplanted by Paulette Goddard.

text: The young English actress Vivien Leigh, virtually unknown in America, saw that several English actors, including Ronald Colman and Leslie Howard, were in consideration for the male leads in Gone with the Wind. Her agent happened to be the London representative of the Myron Selznick talent agency, headed by David Selznick's brother, Myron. Leigh asked Myron to put her name into consideration as Scarlett on the eve of the American release of her picture Fire Over England in February 1938. David Selznick watched both Fire Over England and her most recent picture, A Yank at Oxford, that month, and thought she was excellent but in no way a possible Scarlett, as she was "too British". But Myron Selznick arranged for David to first meet Leigh on the night in December 1938 when the burning of the Atlanta Depot was being filmed on the Forty Acres backlot that Selznick International and RKO shared. Leigh and her then lover Laurence Olivier (later to be her husband) were visiting as guests of Myron Selznick, who was also Olivier's agent, while Leigh was in Hollywood hoping for a part in Olivier's current movie, Wuthering Heights. In a letter to his wife two days later, David Selznick admitted that Leigh was "the Scarlett dark horse", and after a series of screen tests, her casting was announced on January 13, 1939. Just before the shooting of the film, Selznick informed Ed Sullivan: "Scarlett O'Hara's parents were French and Irish. Identically, Miss Leigh's parents are French and Irish."[6]

text: In any case, Leigh was cast—despite public protest that the role was too "American" for an English actress—but Leigh was able to pull off the role so well that she eventually won an Academy Award for her performance as Scarlett O'Hara.

text: Other actresses considered[edit]

text: A great number of actresses were considered. In fact, there were approximately 32 women who were considered and or tested for the role. The search for Scarlett began in 1936 (the year of the book's publication) and ended in December 1938.[7]

text: Between 1936 and 1938, the following actresses were considered for the role, which required playing Scarlett from 16 years of age until she was 28 (actress age in 1939, the year of Gone With the Wind's release, when Leigh was 26).

text:
Lucille Ball (28)
Constance Bennett (35)
Clara Bow (34)
Mary Brian (33)
Ruth Chatterton (47)
Claudette Colbert (36)
Joan Crawford (35)
Bette Davis (31)
Frances Dee (30)
Irene Dunne (41)
Madge Evans (30)
Glenda Farrell (35)
Alice Faye (24)
Joan Fontaine (22), sister of Olivia de Havilland, who played Mellie (23)
Kay Francis (34)
Janet Gaynor (33)
Paulette Goddard (29)
Jean Harlow (28)
Susan Hayward (22)
Katharine Hepburn (32)
Miriam Hopkins (37)
Rochelle Hudson (23)
Dorothy Lamour (25)
Andrea Leeds[8] (25)
Carole Lombard (31)
Anita Louise (24)
Myrna Loy (34)
Pola Negri (42)
Maureen O'Sullivan (28)
Merle Oberon (28)
Ginger Rogers (28)
Norma Shearer (37)
Ann Sheridan (24)
Gale Sondergaard, who also was considered for but ultimately lost the role of the Wicked Witch of the West the same year[8] (40)
Barbara Stanwyck (32)
Gloria Stuart (29)
Margaret Sullavan (30)
Gloria Swanson (40)
Lana Turner who was considered by Cukor to be too young to have the depth for the role (18)
Linda Watkins (31)
Mae West (46)
Jane Wyman (22)
Loretta Young (26)

tag: ul

text: Between late 1937 and mid-1938, approximately 128 actresses were nominated for the role of Scarlett through letters of suggestion sent to Selznick International Pictures from the public.[8]

text: Adaptations[edit]

text:
A 1966 musical stage adaptation was a major hit in Japan and London's West End, but failed to survive in America where it starred Lesley Ann Warren and Harve Presnell. It closed after engagements in Los Angeles and San Francisco, never opening on Broadway.
In 1980 a film about the search for Scarlett O'Hara was made entitled Moviola: The Scarlett O'Hara War with actress Morgan Brittany impersonating Vivien Leigh, whom she resembled.
In the 1994 TV mini-series based on the sequel Scarlett, the character was played by English actress Joanne Whalley.
In the Margaret Martin musical Gone with the Wind, the role of Scarlett O'Hara was originated by Jill Paice.
In the South Korean stage production Girls' Generation member Seohyun played Scarlett, alongside Bada, former member of S.E.S..

text: Historical sources for the character[edit]

text: While Margaret Mitchell used to say that her Gone with The Wind characters were not based on real people, modern researchers have found similarities to some of the people in Mitchell's own life as well as individuals she heard of. Rhett Butler is thought to be based on Mitchell's first husband, Red Upshaw. Scarlett's upbringing resembled that of Mitchell's maternal grandmother, Annie Fitzgerald Stephens (1844–1934), who was raised on a plantation in Clayton County, Georgia (where the fictional Tara was placed), and whose father was an Irish immigrant. Another source for Scarlett might have been Martha Bulloch Roosevelt, the mother of U.S. president Theodore Roosevelt. Martha grew up in a beautiful Southern mansion, Bulloch Hall, in Roswell, just north of Atlanta, Georgia. Her physical appearance, beauty, grace and intelligence were well known to Mitchell and the personality similarities (the positive ones) between Martha, who was also called Mittie, and Scarlett were striking.[citation needed]

text: Comparisons to other characters[edit]

text: Troy Patterson of Entertainment Weekly argued that Ally McBeal, the main character of the television series with the same name, has similarities to O'Hara and that "Scarlett and Ally are fairy-tale princesses who bear about as much resemblance to real women as Barbie and Skipper."[9] Patterson wrote that Ally is similar because she is also a child from a ruling class family, "pines hopelessly after an unavailable dreamboat", and has a "sassy black roommate" in place of a "mammy" to "comfort her".[9]

text: Notes[edit]

text:
Jump up ^ Taylor, 1989 & 62.
Jump up ^ "Shrewd, Selfish Scarlett: A Complicated Heroine". NPR. Retrieved 2010-09-26.
Jump up ^ Mitchell 1936, pp. 404, 413, 451.
Jump up ^ "[T]here was no one in Fayetteville, Jonesboro or in three counties, for that matter, who had so small a waist." Mitchell 1936, pp. 75–76. With a tightly-laced corset, she could fit into a dress with a 17-inch dress. Mitchell 1936, p. 76.
Jump up ^ Higham, Charles (2004). Kate: The Life of Katharine Hepburn. New York City, NY: W. W. Norton. ISBN 0-393-32598-9. Pg. 94
Jump up ^ "Letter from David O. Selznick to Ed Sullivan". Harry Ransom Center - The University Of Texas At Austin. Jan 7, 1939.
Jump up ^ Thompson, David. "Hollywood", 1930s pgs. 178 - 182
^ Jump up to: a b c "The Making of Gone With The Wind" Part 2, Documentary circa 1990s.
^ Jump up to: a b Patterson, Troy, Ty Burr, and Stephen Whitty. "Gone With the Wind." (video review) Entertainment Weekly. October 23, 1998. Retrieved on December 23, 2013. This document has three separate reviews of the film, one per author.

tag: ol


document_title: Homeward Bound: The Incredible Journey

question_text: who was the voice of chance in homeward bound

text: Homeward Bound: The Incredible Journey

text: Plot

text: Chance, a disobedient American Bulldog (voiced by Michael J. Fox) and narrator of the film, opens by explaining that he is the pet of Jamie Burnford (Kevin Chevalia), but expresses no interest in his owner or being part of a family. He shares his home with Shadow, an older and wiser Golden Retriever (voiced by Don Ameche) owned by Peter Burnford (Benj Thall), and Sassy, a smart-mouthed Himalayan cat (voiced by Sally Field), owned by their sister, Hope (Veronica Lauren). That morning, Bob Seaver (Robert Hays) marries Laura Burnford (Kim Greist), and Chance manages to cause chaos by digging into the wedding cake in front of all the guests.

text: Shortly after the wedding, the family has to move to San Francisco because Bob must temporarily relocate there for his job. They leave the pets at a ranch belonging to Kate (Jean Smart), a family friend. Shadow and Sassy start missing their owners immediately, but Chance sees it as an opportunity to explore and have some fun. Later in the week, Kate goes on a cattle drive, leaving the animals at the ranch to be looked after by her neighbor Frank (Gary Taylor). He does not see her message, and thinks that she has taken them along. Worried by the disappearance of their host, the animals come to the conclusion that they've been abandoned. Shadow in particular is worried about Peter, as he is adamant that Peter would never abandon him; therefore, he decides to go find his owners, as he fears Peter may be in danger. Not wanting to be left alone on the ranch, Chance and Sassy determine that they have no choice but to come along with him.

text: They head into the rocky, mountainous wilderness of the Sierra Nevadas with Shadow leading by instinct. After a night spent in fear of the woodland noise, the group stops to catch breakfast at a river. Two black bear cubs steal Chance's fish, and when Chance barks at them in protest, they leave the fish and climb a tree. He cockily assumes that he has scared them off, but then a huge brown bear appears, causing the group to quickly flee. At another river, Sassy refuses to swim across to follow the dogs; therefore, she runs along the river until she reaches a path of wood that seems to cross its breadth. Halfway across, it breaks apart and she falls in the water. Shadow jumps in to try to save her, but she goes over a waterfall. Shadow and Chance search for her along the bank, but as night falls, they mourn their loss and continue on without her.

text: Meanwhile, a half-drowned Sassy is rescued from the river and nursed back to health by Quentin (William Edward Phipps), a man who lives in the woods. With Sassy recuperating from her injuries, the dogs struggle to catch fish from the river. Unbeknownst to the dogs, a mountain lion begins stalking them. While Chance is fishing, he spots the mountain lion and tells Shadow about it. The mountain lion chases them to the edge of a cliff. Chance assumes he is about to die, so he blurts his dark secrets to Shadow by telling him where he has buried everything at home. When Chance mentions that the remote control is buried under the seesaw, Shadow gets an idea to use a balanced rock shaped like a seesaw as a way to thwart the mountain lion. While Shadow acts as bait, Chance pounces onto the end of the rock and sends the mountain lion over the cliff and into a river. Sassy hears Chance and Shadow barking in celebration and follows the sound to rejoin them.

text: The animals continue on their way, but Chance tries to befriend a porcupine, ending up with a load of quills in his muzzle. His friends are unable to pull them out, and as they journey on, they find a little girl named Molly (Mariah Milner), who is lost in the woods. Too loyal to ignore her, they stand guard over her and keep her warm during the night. In the morning, Shadow finds a rescue party, which includes Molly's parents, and leads them back to her. The forest rangers, along with the party, recognize the animals from a missing pets flyer and take them to the local animal shelter, which Chance calls "The Pound." Because Chance has had experiences with being in a dog pound, and it is a place Shadow does not think exists, he panics and warns the others to run. Sassy gets away while he and Shadow are taken inside. As the medical staff removes the quills from Chance's muzzle, Sassy sneaks in and frees Shadow. Together, they retrieve Chance and escape the shelter, without realizing that their owners were on their way to get them.

text: The group is crossing through a train yard when Shadow falls through some old boards into a muddy pit, injuring his leg. With Sassy and Chance's encouragement, he tries to climb out, but is unable to climb up the slippery slope. Lying down, he says he is too old and that they should go on without him. Chance jumps into the pit to try to get him going, but Shadow refuses to move. Near dusk, the family is out in the backyard playing basketball when Jamie claims to hear Chance barking. The others think he is imagining things, but moments later Chance comes running over a hill, happily tackling "his boy." Sassy follows to be reunited with Hope. Peter looks for Shadow, but when he does not show up, Peter says he was too old, and it was too far of a walk for him and turns to go back inside. As he does, Shadow is seen limping over the hill. Peter turns back around and shouts Shadow's name as the two run towards each other. As everyone watches, Chance narrates how it was Shadow's belief that brought them home and how the years seemed to lift off of him, making him a puppy again after being reunited with his best friend. While everyone goes inside, Chance stays behind for a moment, ending his narration by saying he had a family and for the first time in his life, he was really home. He then happily runs into the house at the smell of food.

text: Cast

text:
Michael J. Fox as the voice of Chance
Don Ameche as the voice of Shadow
Sally Field as the voice of Sassy
Robert Hays as Bob Seaver
Kim Greist as Laura Burnford-Seaver
Benj Thall as Peter Burnford
Veronica Lauren as Hope Burnford
Kevin Chevalia as Jamie Burnford
William Edward Phipps as Quentin
Ed Bernard as Desk Sergeant
Gary Taylor as Frank
Jean Smart as Kate
Bart the Bear as Bear

text: Reception

text: The film received positive reception.[2] The film holds an 90% approval rating at Rotten Tomatoes based on 29 reviews, with the consensus stating "Disney's remake of The Incredible Journey successfully replicates, and in some ways improves upon, the simple charms of the original, with its cross-country animal odyssey sure to delight kids."[3] According to movie critic Roger Ebert, the movie is "frankly designed for kids, and yet it has a certain craftsmanship and an undeniable charm, and if you find yourself watching it with a child you may end up liking it almost as much."[4]


document_title: Maia Morgenstern

question_text: who played mary in the passion of christ

text: Maia Morgenstern

text:
Maia Morgenstern
Maia Morgenstern in November 2012Born
Maia Emilia Ninel Morgenstern (1962-05-01) 1 May 1962 (age 56)BucharestResidence
BucharestNationality
RomanianAlma mater
I. L. Caragiale Institute of Theatre and FilmOccupation
ActressYears active
1980–presentKnown for
Mary's role in The Passion of the ChristTelevision
Aniela (2009)Iubire și onoare (2010–11)Las Fierbinți (2012–14)Spouse(s)
Claudiu Istodor (m. 1983–1999)Dumitru Băltățeanu (m. 2001–2015)Partner(s)
Andras Istvan DemeterChildren
Tudor Aaron (b. 1984)Eva Leea Cabiria (b. 1999)Ana Isadora (b. 2003)Parent(s)
Usher Morgenstern (father)Sara Rapaport (mother)

tag: table

text: Maia Emilia Ninel Morgenstern (Romanian pronunciation: [ˈmaja ˈmorɡənʃtern] ( listen); born 1 May 1962) is a Romanian film and stage actress,[1] described by Florin Mitu of AMOS News as "a symbol of Romanian theater and film".[2] In the English-speaking world, she is probably best known for the role of Mary, mother of Jesus, in Mel Gibson's The Passion of the Christ. In Romania, she has been nationally known since her 1992 role as Nela in Balanța, a film known in the United States as The Oak, set during the waning days of Communist Romania.[1]

text: Biography[edit]

text: Born in Bucharest, in a Jewish family,[1] she graduated from the Film and Theatre Academy of Bucharest in 1985. She then played at  Teatrul Tineretului (Youth Theater) in Piatra Neamț until 1988, and at the Teatrul Evreiesc de Stat (State Jewish Theatre) in Bucharest 1988-1990. From 1990–1998 she was a member of the company of the National Theatre in Bucharest, and since 1998 of Teatrul Bulandra, also in Bucharest;[3] in addition, she continues to act at the Jewish State Theatre and other Bucharest theaters[1] and elsewhere in Romania.[3] Among her notable stage roles in recent years, in a Romanian-language production of The Blue Angel (Îngerul Albastru in Romanian) at Bucharest's Odeon Theater, in 2001-2 she played (to great critical acclaim) Lola Lola, the character made famous by Marlene Dietrich. At the same time, she was also playing the role of Kathleen Hogan in a Romanian-language production of Israel Horovitz's Park Your Car in Harvard Yard at the State Jewish Theater.[1]

text: Morgenstern has appeared in numerous films, primarily in Romanian language roles. In The Passion of the Christ, she performs a role in Aramaic, but like the other actors in the cast of that film, she simply memorized her lines phonetically.[4]

text: Her surname, Morgenstern, means "Morning Star" in German, a title of the Virgin Mary, the character she played in The Passion of the Christ. Mel Gibson, a devout Traditionalist Catholic, thought this of great significance when casting her.[5] In interviews, she has defended The Passion against allegations of antisemitism,[6] saying that the high priest Caiaphas is portrayed not as a representative of the Jewish people, but as a leader of the establishment, adding that "Authorities throughout history have persecuted individuals with revolutionary ideas."[7]

text: She has been married twice, and has 3 children: Tudor Aaron, Eva Leea Cabiria and Ana Isadora.[8]

text: She has won several major awards as an actress:

text:
Best Actress for: Cei care platesc cu viața ("Those who pay with their lives", 1991), Romanian Filmmakers Union
UNITER (Romanian theater association) Lucia Sturdza Bulandra Prize (1990) for her stage role as Medea in Trilogia antică (Ancient Trilogy), directed by Andrei Șerban.[8]
Best Actress for: Balanța (1992), European Film Awards[9]
Best Actress for: Balanța (1992), Cinéma Tout Ecran (Geneva Film Festival)[9]
Best Actress for: Balanța (1992), Romanian Filmmakers Union[9]
UNITER best actress award (1993), for her role in Ghetto at the Romanian National Theatre.[8]
UNITER (1995) award for her performance in the stage production of Lola Blau.[8]
Best Film Actress for: The Passion of the Christ (2004), Ethnic Multicultural Media Awards (EMMA Awards), UK[10]

text: Filmography[edit]

text: Where translations of titles are italicized, it indicates use of the translated title for the film in English-language release.

text:
Film

Year

Role

Language

The Passion of the Christ: Resurrection

TBA

Mary

TBA

High Strung
2016
Madame Markova
English

#Selfie69
2016
Femeie Bila
Romanian

Miss Christina
2013
Mrs. Moscu
Romanian

The Secret of Polichinelle
2013
Maya
Romanian

Fata din Transilvania
2011

Romanian

La fin du silence
2011
the mother
French

Sange Tanar, Munti Si Brazi
2011
Mama
Romanian drama

Luna verde
2010
Simona
Romanian

Iubire si onoare (TV series)
2010–2011
Marieta
Romanian

Aniela (tv series)
2009–2010
Maica Stareţa
Romanian

The House of Terror
2008 (pre-production)
Eszter Somos
English

Eva
2009
Maria
English

The Fence
2007 (in production)
Herman's mother
English

Mansfeld
2006
Mrs. Mansfeld
Hungarian / English / Russian / German

Margo
2006
Margo's stepmother
Romanian

Visuri otrăvite ("Poisoned Dreams")
2006
Ada's mother
Romanian

15
2005
Irene
Romanian / French

L'Homme pressé
2005, TV
Bonne de Bois de Rose
French

Orient Express
2004
Amalia Frunzetti
Romanian

Damen tango
2004

Romanian

The Passion of the Christ
2004
Mary
Aramaic

Căsătorie imposibilă ("Impossible marriage")
2004, TV series

Romanian

Bolondok éneke (Fool's Song)
2003
Gina
Hungarian / French / Romanian

A Rózsa énekei (Rose's Songs)
2003
Olga
Hungarian

Patul lui Procust (Procust's Bed)Based on Camil Petrescu's novel Patul lui Procust
2001
Doamna T.
Romanian

Dark Prince: The True Story of Dracula
2000, TV
woman at the fountain
English

Marie, Nonna, la vierge et moi
2000
Nonna
French

Kínai védelem (Chinese Defense)
1999

Hungarian

Față în față (Face to Face)
1999

Romanian

Triunghiul morții ("Triangle of Death")
1999
Regina Maria
Romanian

Az Álombánya
1998, TV, short

Hungarian

Witman fiúk (Witman Boys)
1997
Mrs. Witman
Hungarian

Omul zilei (The Man of the Day)
1997

Romanian

Ulysses' Gaze (original Greek title: Το Βλέμμα του Οδυσσέα, To Vlemma tou Odyssea)
1995
playing opposite Harvey Keitel as Ulysses' wife
English / Greek

The Seventh Chamber
1995
Edith Stein (the starring role)
Hungarian

Nostradamus
1994
Helen
English

Trahir (Betrayal, Romanian title: A trada)
1993
woman in prison
French / Romanian

Casa din vis ("The House from the Dream")
1993

Romanian

Cel mai iubit dintre pămînteni (The Earth's Most Beloved Son)based on Marin Preda's novel Cel mai iubit dintre pământeni
1993

Romanian

Balanța (The Oak)
1992
Nela (the starring role)
Romanian

Rămînerea (Forgotten by God)
1992

Romanian

Băiatul cu o singură bretea, also known as Flăcăul cu o singura bretea("The Boy with a Single Brace")
1991

Romanian

Cei care plătesc cu viața(Those Who Pay with Their Lives)
1991

Romanian

Pasaj
1990

Romanian

Marea sfidare ("The great defiance")
1989

Romanian

Maria și marea ("Maria and the Sea")
1988
Maria
Romanian

Anotimpul iubirii (The Season of Love)
1986

Romanian

Secretul lui Bachus(The Secret of Bacchus)
1984
the girl in the restaurant(as Maia Morgenstern Istodor)
Romanian

Dreptate în lanțuri (Chained Justice)
1983

Romanian

Prea cald pentru luna mai("Too hot for the month of May")
1983

Romanian


document_title: The Simpsons (season 5)

question_text: what is the name of the first episode in series 5 of the simpsons

text: The Simpsons (season 5)

text: Production[edit]

text: The season was the first to be executive produced by David Mirkin, who would also run the following season. Several of the show's original writers who had worked on The Simpsons since the first season had left following the completion of season four. "Cape Feare", which was the final episode to be produced by the "original team",[2] aired during this season as a hold over.[2] Jay Kogen, Wallace Wolodarsky, Sam Simon and Jeff Martin wrote their final episodes for the season four production run. Show runners Al Jean and Mike Reiss left to produce their own series The Critic, but returned in subsequent seasons to produce more Simpsons episodes, and Jean again became the show runner starting with season thirteen.[3] George Meyer and John Swartzwelder, Conan O'Brien, Frank Mula and future show runners Bill Oakley and Josh Weinstein all stayed with the show following the previous season. O'Brien would leave the series halfway through the production of the season to host his own show on NBC, Late Night with Conan O'Brien. He had been working on "Homer Goes to College" when he found out he was chosen to host Late Night and was forced to walk out on his contract.[3] He later had a cameo appearance in "Bart Gets Famous". He recorded his part while Late Night was on the air, but O'Brien thought that his show might be canceled by the time the episode aired.[4]

text: A whole new group of writers were brought in for this season. Jace Richdale was the first to be hired by Mirkin and others to receive their first writing credits were Greg Daniels and Dan McGrath.[5] Mike Scully wrote "Lisa's Rival", which was produced for this season, but aired the next. Two freelance writers wrote episodes: David Richardson wrote "Homer Loves Flanders" while Bill Canterbury received two writing credits. Bob Anderson and Susie Dietter, who had previously worked on the show as part of the animation staff, would direct their first episodes.[4][6]

text: The season started off with "Homer's Barbershop Quartet" which was chosen as the season premiere because it guest starred George Harrison. The Fox executives had wanted to premiere with "Homer Goes to College" because it was a National Lampoon's Animal House parody, but the writers felt "Homer's Barbershop Quartet" would be a better episode because of Harrison's involvement.[7] Even though the episode aired during the beginning of the fifth season, "Cape Feare" was the last episode written by the original team of writers and guest starred Kelsey Grammer as Sideshow Bob.[2] Compared to previously produced episodes, the episode featured several elements that could be described as cartoonish.[1] This was a result of the staff's careless attitude towards the end of season four as the majority of them were leaving which, combined with the shortness of the episode, led to the creation of the rake sequence, became a memorable moment for this episode.[8] "Cape Feare" and "Rosebud" were both broadcast early in the season and are amongst the series' most acclaimed episodes, both having placed highly on Entertainment Weekly's list of the top 25 episodes.[1] The episode "Deep Space Homer" was the only episode to be written by David Mirkin and was controversial amongst the show's writing staff when the episode was in production. Some of the writers felt that having Homer go into space was too "large" of an idea. Matt Groening felt that the idea was so big that it gave the writers "nowhere to go". As a result, every aspect of the show was worked on to make the concept work. The writers focused more upon the relationship between Homer and his family and Homer's attempts to be a hero.[9] "Sweet Seymour Skinner's Baadasssss Song" was the series' 100th episode. It was chosen because it heavily featured Bart and was promoted as "Bart's biggest prank ever," even though Bart did not actually pull any pranks in the episode;[10] rather, Bart accidentally let his dog loose, eventually resulting in Principal Skinner's firing. Cletus Spuckler and the Rich Texan were the only recurring characters to be introduced this season, first appearing in "Bart Gets an Elephant", and "$pringfield" respectively.[11] Other minor characters who first appeared this season were Luigi and Baby Gerald. Two more episodes, "Bart of Darkness" and "Lisa's Rival" were produced as part of the season five (1F) production run, but both aired the following season.[12]

text: Awards[edit]

text: The Simpsons won an Annie Award for Best Animated Television Production, while David Silverman received a nomination for "Best Individual Achievement for Creative Supervision in the Field of Animation".[13] "Bart Gets an Elephant" won both an Environmental Media Award for "Best Television Episodic Comedy" and a Genesis Award for "Best Television Comedy Series".[14][15]

text: At the Primetime Emmy Awards, Alf Clausen and Greg Daniels received a nomination in the "Outstanding Individual Achievement in Music and Lyrics" category for the song "Who Needs The Kwik-E-Mart?" from the episode "Homer and Apu". Clausen also was nominated for "Outstanding Individual Achievement in Music Composition for a Series (Dramatic Underscore)" for the episode "Cape Feare".[16] The producers submitted episodes for "Outstanding Comedy Series" category rather than the "Outstanding Animated Program" as they had previously done and were not nominated.[17][18] The series was also nominated for a Saturn Award for "Best Genre Television Series".[14]

text: Ratings[edit]

text: Like the previous three seasons, The Simpsons aired Thursday at 8:00 pm in the United States and was coupled with the series The Sinbad Show.[19] "Homer's Barbershop Quartet", the season premiere, finished 30th in the ratings with a Nielsen rating of 12.7.[20] "Treehouse of Horror IV", which was broadcast on October 28, was the highest rated episode of the season, finishing 17th with a Nielsen rating of 14.5[21] and finishing ninth in terms of viewers, being seen by approximately 24 million.[22] "Secrets of a Successful Marriage", the season finale, aired during the week of May 16–22, 1994 and finished 43rd with a Nielsen rating of 9.8.[23]

text: Episodes[edit]

text:
No.
overall
No. in
season
Title
Directed by
Written by
Original air date
Prod.
code
U.S. viewers
(millions)

82
1
"Homer's Barbershop Quartet"
Mark Kirkland
Jeff Martin
September 30, 1993 (1993-09-30)
9F21
19.9[25]

In a flashback, Homer recounts his time with a barbershop quartet called The Be Sharps that also featured Principal Skinner, Apu and Chief Wiggum who was later replaced with Barney. The group became music stars with their hit song "Baby on Board" and won a Grammy. Eventually, Homer started missing his family and the group began to lose its popularity, so it broke up.
Guest star: George Harrison, David Crosby and The Dapper Dans.[24]

83
2
"Cape Feare"
Rich Moore
Jon Vitti
October 7, 1993 (1993-10-07)
9F22
20.0[27]

Bart starts receiving threatening letters in the mail and it is soon revealed that they were sent to him by Sideshow Bob. Bob is released from prison, so Bart is placed in the Witness Relocation Program and the Simpson family is moved to Terror Lake. However, Bob follows the Simpsons there and sneaks onto the family's houseboat and tries to kill Bart. Cornered, Bart asks Bob to sing the entire score of H.M.S. Pinafore as a last request. Bob does so, and during his performance the boat drifts through Springfield and Bob is caught.
Guest star: Kelsey Grammer.[26]

84
3
"Homer Goes to College"
Jim Reardon
Conan O'Brien
October 14, 1993 (1993-10-14)
1F02
18.1[29]

After failing a test at the nuclear plant, Homer's lack of a college degree is revealed and he is sent back to pass a nuclear physics class. Homer, having seen too many bad National Lampoon's Animal House knock-off movies, goofs off, so he is sent to a group of boys for tutoring. The boys, who are stereotypical nerds, try to help Homer, but he instead tries to help them party and decides to pull a prank on another college. They steal Springfield A&M's mascot, but his friends are caught and expelled. Homer invites them to live with him, but his family soon become angered by their new housemates, so Homer decides to try to help them get back into college. Consequentially, he fails his final exam and is convinced by Marge to return to college for another year.[28]

85
4
"Rosebud"
Wes Archer
John Swartzwelder
October 21, 1993 (1993-10-21)
1F01
19.5[31]

After a disastrous birthday party, Mr. Burns pines for his long-lost childhood toy, a teddy bear named Bobo. The bear ends up in the hands of Maggie and when Homer discovers this, he tries to use the bear to get a large reward from Burns. When Burns agrees, Homer tries to hand the bear over, but is stopped by Maggie. Homer, seeing that Maggie has become attached to the bear, decides not to give it back to Mr. Burns, who promises that Homer will regret the decision. Mr. Burns later returns and talks to Maggie and she eventually gives it back to him.
Guest star: The Ramones.[30]

86
5
"Treehouse of Horror IV"
David Silverman
Conan O'Brien

Bill Oakley & Josh Weinstein

Greg Daniels & Dan McGrath and Bill Canterbury
October 28, 1993 (1993-10-28)
1F04
24.0[33]

In a parody of Night Gallery, Bart tells three scary stories based on paintings:
The Devil and Homer Simpson – Homer sells his soul to the Devil (Ned Flanders) for a doughnut.
Terror at 5½ Feet – While riding the bus to school, Bart discovers that there is a Gremlin on the side of the bus.
Bart Simpson's Dracula – The Simpsons are invited to a dinner with Mr. Burns, where Bart and Lisa discover that Mr. Burns is a vampire.
Guest star: Frank Welker and Phil Hartman.[32]

87
6
"Marge on the Lam"
Mark Kirkland
Bill Canterbury
November 4, 1993 (1993-11-04)
1F03
21.7[35]

Marge and neighbor Ruth Powers have a girls' night. Meanwhile, Homer tries to have fun without Marge and Lionel Hutz is hired as Bart, Lisa, and Maggie's babysitter. Homer hitches a ride home with Chief Wiggum, who is following behind Marge and Ruth and decides to pull them over. However, Ruth speeds her car up and reveals to Marge that she stole it from her ex-husband. Marge decides to stay with Ruth, but eventually the police catch up with them and the charges are dismissed.
Guest star: George Fenneman, Pamela Reed and Phil Hartman.[34]

88
7
"Bart's Inner Child"
Bob Anderson
George Meyer
November 11, 1993 (1993-11-11)
1F05
18.7[37]

Marge realizes that she is no fun because of her constant nagging and seeks help from self-help guru Brad Goodman, who then uses Bart's irreverent attitude as a new example of how people should behave. The entire town of Springfield begins to act like Bart, who at first enjoys things but begins to feel that his role as a troublemaker is usurped. During the inaugural "Do what you feel" festival, several things go wrong and the town decides to stop acting like Bart.
Guest star: James Brown, Albert Brooks and Phil Hartman.[36]

89
8
"Boy-Scoutz 'n the Hood"
Jeffrey Lynch
Dan McGrath
November 18, 1993 (1993-11-18)
1F06
20.1[39]

Bart and Milhouse find $20.00 on the street and buy a Squishee made entirely of syrup. After a night of bingeing and carousing, Bart wakes up to discover that he has joined a Boy Scouts-esque troupe called "The Junior Campers". Bart initially hates the group, then enjoys it, until Homer agrees to participate in their river-rafting trip. In a boat with Ned and Rod Flanders, Homer loses their map and the boat gets lost in the ocean. After being stuck out at sea for several days, they discover an oil rig with a Krusty Burger and are saved. At the end of the episode the rest of the campers including Ernest are attacked by an unknown monster at an abandoned campsite.
Guest star: Ernest Borgnine.[38]

90
9
"The Last Temptation of Homer"
Carlos Baeza
Frank Mula
December 9, 1993 (1993-12-09)
1F07
20.6[41]

Mr. Burns hires a female worker named Mindy Simmons in accordance with government policy and Homer is worried that his crush on her will ruin his marriage with Marge. Both Mindy and Homer have feelings for each other, but in the end Homer decides not to cheat on Marge. Meanwhile, Bart becomes a nerd after doctors find several things physically wrong with him and apply treatments that make him look like a nerd.
Guest star: Michelle Pfeiffer, Werner Klemperer and Phil Hartman.[40]

91
10
"$pringfield (or, How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love Legalized Gambling)"
Wes Archer
Bill Oakley & Josh Weinstein
December 16, 1993 (1993-12-16)
1F08
17.9[43]

After the local economy stalls, everyone in town votes for gambling to be legalized, prompting Mr. Burns to open a casino. Homer becomes a blackjack dealer, and Marge becomes so addicted to gambling that she forgets about her family life. Meanwhile, Bart opens up his own casino after being kicked out of Mr. Burns's and Lisa struggles to have her costume done for a school pageant. Homer agrees to help her, but does a terrible job, so he decides to go to the casino to get Marge back.
Guest star: Robert Goulet and Gerry Cooney.[42]

92
11
"Homer the Vigilante"
Jim Reardon
John Swartzwelder
January 6, 1994 (1994-01-06)
1F09
20.1[45]

A crime wave hits Springfield, caused by the elusive cat burglar and Lisa's saxophone is stolen, so Homer agrees to try to get it back. The police are ineffective, so Flanders creates a neighborhood watch group, which Homer takes charge of. However, Homer's incompetence causes the vigilante group to commit more crimes than it prevents, and they are unsuccessful in catching the cat burglar. With the help of Grampa, Homer discovers that the burglar is a charming senior named Malloy. Malloy is arrested, but he tricks the citizens of Springfield into thinking he has hidden millions of dollars and escapes during the ensuing rush to find the money.
Guest star: Sam Neill.[44]

93
12
"Bart Gets Famous"
Susie Dietter
John Swartzwelder
February 3, 1994 (1994-02-03)
1F11
20.0[47]

After sneaking away from a school trip to a box factory, Bart sneaks onto the set of the Krusty the Clown show. He gets a job as Krusty's production assistant and soon becomes sick of the job. One day, he is close to quitting, but Krusty runs up and says he needs to use Bart in a sketch. Bart becomes an accidental star when he says, "I didn't do it" during the botched sketch. He becomes famous but soon becomes tired of being known for one line. Marge convinces him that the main thing is to make people happy, so Bart decides to continue, but the audience soon becomes tired of Bart's act and forget about him.
Guest star: Conan O'Brien.[46]

94
13
"Homer and Apu"
Mark Kirkland
Greg Daniels
February 10, 1994 (1994-02-10)
1F10
21.8[49]

After twice getting food poisoning from expired food sold at the Kwik-E-Mart, Homer teams up with Kent Brockman to report Apu. Apu is fired from his job and comes to stay with the Simpsons, and he is replaced by actor James Woods. Homer resolves to help Apu get his old job back, and the two travel to India to talk to the owner of the Kwik-E-Mart, but are unsuccessful. Apu decides to visit his old Kwik-E-Mart and saves James Woods' life. Woods is so grateful that he helps Apu get re-hired.
Guest star: James Woods.[48]

95
14
"Lisa vs. Malibu Stacy"
Jeffrey Lynch
Bill Oakley & Josh Weinstein
February 17, 1994 (1994-02-17)
1F12
20.5[51]

Lisa protests against the phrases on her new Talking Malibu Stacy doll, which she finds demeaning to women. She tracks down the reclusive creator Stacy to make a more politically correct doll. Meanwhile, Grampa is worried that he is getting old, so he takes a job at Krusty Burger. Lisa and Stacy create "Lisa Lionheart" which gets a lot of positive buzz, but is a flop when the Malibu Stacy executives release a new doll that comes with a hat.
Guest star: Kathleen Turner.[50]

96
15
"Deep Space Homer"
Carlos Baeza
David Mirkin
February 24, 1994 (1994-02-24)
1F13
18.2[53]

NASA decides that they need to hire average joes in order to get higher television ratings. They recruit Homer and Barney to train to be the first average American in space. Homer, who wants to be respected, is the winner by default, and goes into space with Buzz Aldrin. While there, he causes a lot of havoc and eventually breaks the handle on the space shuttle's hatch. Homer inadvertently seals the door shut with an inanimate carbon rod, and the shuttle returns to Earth. The rod is hailed as a hero, but Homer gains the respect of Aldrin and his family.
Guest star: Buzz Aldrin and James Taylor.[52]

97
16
"Homer Loves Flanders"
Wes Archer
David Richardson
March 17, 1994 (1994-03-17)
1F14
18.0[55]

Homer begins to like Flanders after being invited to a football game. However, Homer's constant presence around Flanders and his family causes Ned to feel hate for Homer. One day while trying to drive away from Homer, Flanders is arrested and charged with drunk driving. Flanders begins to lose the respect of the church congregation until Homer sticks up for him. Flanders thanks Homer and the two remain friends.[54]

98
17
"Bart Gets an Elephant"
Jim Reardon
John Swartzwelder
March 31, 1994 (1994-03-31)
1F15
17.0[56]

While stuck cleaning the house, Bart wins a radio contest and chooses a gag prize, an elephant, instead of the real prize, $10,000 cash. The radio station eventually gets Bart his elephant, which is named Stampy. When taking care of Stampy gets too expensive Homer decides to sell him to an ivory dealer rather than turn him over to a non-profit Animal Refuge. Bart tries to run away with Stampy, but the elephant escapes. They track him down, and Homer agrees to give him to the Animal Refuge.[11]

99
18
"Burns' Heir"
Mark Kirkland
Jace Richdale
April 14, 1994 (1994-04-14)
1F16
14.7[58]

Mr. Burns has a near-death experience which prompts him to find an heir to inherit his wealth after he dies. Bart is rejected, but Burns soon decides to choose him after seeing that Bart is "a creature of pure malevolence". Marge convinces Bart to go spend some time with Burns, and soon becomes more disruptive than normal to his own family and decides to go live with Mr. Burns. Bart eventually starts to miss his family, but Burns manipulates him into staying. Burns tries to have Bart prove his loyalty by firing Homer, but Bart instead decides to go back to living with his family.
Guest star: Phil Hartman.[57]

100
19
"Sweet Seymour Skinner's Baadasssss Song"
Bob Anderson
Bill Oakley & Josh Weinstein
April 28, 1994 (1994-04-28)
1F18
19.7[60]

Bart accidentally gets Principal Skinner fired after he brings Santa's Little Helper to school for show and tell. Bart feels guilty for what he did, and befriends Skinner. Meanwhile, Ned Flanders is hired as principal and the school goes to pot. Bart decides that while he enjoys having Skinner as a friend, he needs him as an enemy, but discovers that he returned to the Army to be a sergeant. Bart convinces Skinner to return and they get Flanders fired so that Skinner can get his old job back.
Guest star: Frank Welker.[59]

101
20
"The Boy Who Knew Too Much"
Jeffrey Lynch
John Swartzwelder
May 5, 1994 (1994-05-05)
1F19
15.5[60]

Bart plays hooky from school and ends up at the birthday party of Freddy Quimby, the Mayor's nephew, where Freddy is accused of assaulting a waiter. Bart knows the truth, but would have to admit that he was playing hooky if he testifies. Meanwhile, Homer is chosen for jury duty in the assault case against Freddy Quimby and takes advantage of being sequestered in a hotel.
Guest star: Phil Hartman.[61]

102
21
"Lady Bouvier's Lover"
Wes Archer
Bill Oakley & Josh Weinstein
May 12, 1994 (1994-05-12)
1F21
15.1[63]

While attending Maggie's first birthday party, Grampa falls for Marge's mother Jacqueline. Grampa and Jacqueline start dating, but he is soon pushed aside in favor of Mr. Burns. Mr. Burns and Jacqueline are soon engaged to be married, much to the chagrin of Marge and Smithers. Grampa crashes the wedding and tries to get Jacqueline back, but she decides that she does not want to be married. Meanwhile, Bart steals Homer's credit card to buy a piece of Itchy and Scratchy memorabilia that turns out to be a rip-off.
Guest star: Phil Hartman.[62]

103
22
"Secrets of a Successful Marriage"
Carlos Baeza
Greg Daniels
May 19, 1994 (1994-05-19)
1F20
15.6[65]

Tired of being called "slow," Homer signs up to teach a class on keeping a successful marriage at a learning annex. He is an unsuccessful teacher and finds that the only way he can keep the class interested is to tell racy secrets about Marge and their bedroom antics. Marge soon gets fed up with Homer telling their secrets and kicks him out. Homer starts living in Bart's treehouse and becomes so lost without Marge that he begs her to take him back, and she eventually agrees.
Guest star: Phil Hartman.[64]

text: DVD release[edit]

text: The DVD boxset for season five was released by 20th Century Fox in the United States and Canada on December 21, 2004, ten years after it had completed broadcast on television. As well as every episode from the season, the DVD release features bonus material including deleted scenes, animatics, and commentaries for every episode. The menus are a different format than the previous seasons, and that format would be used in every set after.[66]

text:
The Complete Fifth Season

Set details[67][68]
Special features[67][68]

22 episodes
4-disc set
1.33:1 aspect ratio
Languages:

English (Dolby Digital 5.1, with subtitles)[67]
Latin Spanish (Dolby Digital 2.0 Stereo, with subtitles)[67]
French Canadian (Dolby Digital 2.0 Stereo)[67]
Special language feature for "Sweet Seymour Skinner's Baadasssss Song" (Czech, Italian, Polish and Hungarian)

Optional commentaries for all 22 episodes
Introduction from Matt Groening
Animation Showcases
"A Look Back" with James L. Brooks
Deleted Scenes for 14 episodes
Commercials
Illustrated commentaries
Audio outtakes
Original sketches

Release dates

Region 1
Region 2
Region 4

December 21, 2004
March 21, 2005
March 23, 2005


document_title: Peregrine White

question_text: who was the first baby born on the mayflower

text: Peregrine White

text: English origins[edit]

text: Peregrine White[5] was the second son of Mayflower pilgrim William White and his wife Susanna Winslow White. His mother Susanna was pregnant during the Mayflower voyage and gave birth to Peregrine in late November 1620 while the ship was anchored at Cape Cod, now Provincetown Harbor.[2][4][6]

text: The Whites are believed to have boarded the Mayflower as part of the London merchant group, and not as members of the Leiden Holland religious movement. Evidence of the William White family coming to the Mayflower from England and not Holland comes from William Bradford’s Mayflower passenger list which has "Mr. William White" in his section for London merchants along with Mr. Christopher Martin, Mr. William Mullins, Mr. Stephen Hopkins, Mr. Richard Warren and John Billington. It is believed that if William White had been a member of the Leiden congregation, his name would have appeared in Bradford’s work for that section, but it does not. There is no evidence to associate William White and his family with Leiden, Holland. And regarding the various White family ancestries which erroneously place the William White family in them, the Mayflower Society states that “Little is known about William White.”[4][7]

text: Mayflower voyage[edit]

text: The White family, as recalled by William Bradford in 1651: “Mr. William White, and Susana, his wife, and one son, called Resolved, and one borne a ship-bord, called Peregrine; and *2* servants, named William Holbeck and Edward Thomson.”[8]

text: The Mayflower departed Plymouth, England on September 6/16, 1620. The small, 100-foot ship had 102 passengers and a crew of about 30-40 in extremely cramped conditions. By the second month out, the ship was being buffeted by strong westerly gales, causing the ship‘s timbers to be badly shaken with caulking failing to keep out sea water, and with passengers, even in their berths, lying wet and ill. This, combined with a lack of proper rations and unsanitary conditions for several months, attributed to what would be fatal for many, especially the majority of women and children. On the way there were two deaths, a crew member and a passenger, but the worst was yet to come after arriving at their destination when, in the space of several months, almost half the passengers perished in cold, harsh, unfamiliar New England winter.[9]

text: At some point along the journey, the first baby was born on the Mayflower, Oceanus Hopkins, to the passengers Stephen and Elizabeth Hopkins.

text: On November 9/19, 1620, after about 3 months at sea, including a month of delays in England, they spotted land, which was the Cape Cod Hook, now called Provincetown Harbor. After several days of trying to get south to their planned destination of the Colony of Virginia, strong winter seas forced them to return to the harbor at Cape Cod hook, where they anchored on November 11/21. The Mayflower Compact was signed that day.[9][10][11]

text: In Plymouth Colony[edit]

text: Peregrine White’s father William White, died on February 21, 1621. With her husband's death, Susanna, with her newborn son Peregrine and five-year-old Resolved, became the only surviving widow out of the many families who perished that first winter. On May 12, 1621 Peregrine’s mother Susanna married widower Edward Winslow, a Mayflower and later a Plymouth colony notable with whom she had five children, one of whom was Josiah Winslow, future Plymouth governor.[2][4][12][13]

text: In the 1627 Division of Cattle, both Resolved (sic) and his brother Peregrine were listed in the Third Lot under Capt. Standish in the family of Edward Winslow, his wife Susanna and their sons Edward and John Winslow.[2][14]

text: In 1636, the family, now numbering 6 - Edward and Susanna, Resolved and Peregrine White, and the two children born to Edward and Susanna, Josias and Elizabeth Winslow - moved to the new settlement of Marshfield, north of Plymouth.[15]

text: Peregrine served in the militia at age 16 and continued to serve, first as a lieutenant and then a captain. He was also a farmer. At some point he also served his community as a representative to the General Court.[16]

text: On October 23, 1643 Peregrine White at Marshfield sold to Mannasses Kempton of Plymouth, land at Eel River given to him the previous year by his stepfather Edward Winslow.[17]

text: At the court on March 6, 1648/9, Peregrine White and Sarah his wife, both of Marshfield, were presented (fined) for fornication before marriage. Since records show their first child, Daniel, was born in 1649, they seemingly married after becoming pregnant.[17][18]

text: Peregrine's in-laws, the Bassets, had a great deal of land in Marshfield and Peregrine and Sarah moved there, eventually buying several adjacent pieces of property as the years progressed.[16]

text: On June 3, 1651, Lt. Peregrine White was admitted as a Freeman.[17]

text: On June 3, 1652 William Bassett Sr. of Duxburrow gave his son-in-law Lt. Peregrine White 40 acres of upland.[15]

text: In 1655 he was granted land as the “first of the English that was borne in these ptes.”[19]

text: On June 16, 1656 as written, William Bassett Sr. of Duxborrow (sic), now living at Bridgewater, gave his lands in Scituate to his sons Peregrine White and Nathaniel Bassett.[17]

text: On October 2, 1658 he was chosen to the council of war.[17]

text: On June 3, 1662 Peregrine was chosen deputy for Marshfield.[17]

text: On March 4, 1673/4 Lt. Peregrine White was granted 100 acres at Titicut.[20][21]

text: On August 19, 1674 Peregrine White of Marshfield deeded son Daniel White, in consideration of his intended marriage, various buildings and lands in Marshfield from the time of his death, except if he died before his wife Sarah and Daniel was to pay monies to sister Sarah and Mercy when they became or married.[21]

text: On May 22, 1696 Capt. Peregrine White “the first born Child of New England born November 1620” was admitted into the Marshfield Church in his 78th year. At age 78, Peregrine officially joined the Marshfield church.[21]

text: Family[edit]

text: Peregrine White married before March 6, 1648/9 Sarah Bassett, daughter of William and Elizabeth/Elisabeth Bassett.[22] William Bassett came to Plymouth in 1621 on the Fortune as a single man, but by the 1623 division was allotted two acres showing he had married before that date. Bassett’s name as “Wm Bassett, Sen” appears on the 1643 Able to Bear Arms list for Duxborrow (sic). William Bassett became a Plymouth Colony person of historic note.[4][23][24]

text: Sarah Bassett was born in Plymouth c.1630 and died in Marshfield January 22, 1711. They had seven children between c.1649 and c.1670.[15][25]

text: Children of Peregrine White and his wife Sarah:

text:
Daniel White, born c.1649 and died in Marshfield on May 6, 1724, noted in records as being either 70 or 75. He married in Marshfield on August 19, 1674 Hannah Hunt, who was last known to be living on May 25, 1721. They had seven children.[26]
(child) White, born c.1650/1.[27]
Jonathan White, born in Marshfield on June 4, 1658. He died in Yarmouth between July 14, 1736 and February 22, 1737.[28] Whites Brook in Yarmouth, Massachusetts is named for him as he lived nearby.[29]

text:
Married in Yarmouth February 2, 1682/3 Hester Nickerson, daughter of Nicholas and Mary Nickerson. She was born in Yarmouth in the last week of October 1656 and died there on February 8, 1702/3. They had seven children.
Married _MARGARET Elizabeth ALEXANDER married in 1708_______. She died in Yarmouth on April 12, 1718 “wife of Jonathan White.”

text: Peregrine White (Jr.), born in Marshfield c.1661, baptized at Brattle Street Church, Boston, on February 16, 1723/4, “aged 62” and died in Boston on November 20, 1727 “aged 66.”.[30]

text:
Married c.1684 Susanna ______. They had one son.
Married before June 9, 1696 Mary _______. She died after March 13, 1755. She married second in Boston on December 19, 1728 Cornelius Judevine.

text:
Sarah White, born in Marshfield in October, 1663 and died in Scituate on August 9, 1755 in her 92nd year. She married in Scituate in January 1688/9 Thomas Young, son of George and Hannah (Pinson) Young. He was born in Scituate on November 5, 1663 and died there on December 25, 1732 at age 69. They had nine children.[31]
Sylvanus White, born in Marshfield before 1667 and died in Scituate before June 29, 1688. He married Deborah Church, who died after June 30, 1688. She was possibly the daughter of Richard and Elizabeth (Warren) Church, who was born in Hingham January 27, 1656/7. They had one son.[31]
Mercy White, born c.1670 and died in Marshfield on June 12, 1739, age 69. She married in Marshfield on February 3, 1697 William Sherman, son of William and Desire (Doty) Sherman. She was a descendant of Pilgrim Edward Doty. They had four children.[4][32]

text: Will[edit]

text: In 1704 - The will of Peregrine White (which is owned by and displayed at Pilgrim Hall in Plymouth), dated July 14, 1704 and proved August 14 of the same year states: Peregrine White of Marshfield…..Being aged and under many Weaknesses and Bodily Infirmities devised to his wife Sarah everything not otherwise disposed of by the will to his eldest son Daniel …personal items and land .. as well as various personal items and land to daughters Sarah and Mercy and sons Jonathan and Peregrine. His will was signed with the initials PW “The mark of Peregrine White” who was then aged almost 84 years.[33][34]

text: Death and burial[edit]

text: Peregrine White died on July 20, 1704 in Marshfield, Massachusetts at age 83 years and 8 months. He was buried in Winslow Cemetery in Marshfield, Massachusetts. His wife Sarah died on January 22, 1711 and was also buried in Winslow Cemetery. Additionally, Peregrine’s elder brother Resolved White, his wife Judith and their mother Susanna were all buried in Winslow Cemetery. Winslow Cemetery has a substantial stone monument to “The Early Settlers of Green Harbor Marshfield” naming, among others, Resolved and Peregrine White, their wives and mother Susanna as well as her second husband Edward Winslow.[4][15][25][35]

text: Obituary[edit]

text: Marshfield vital records note the death of “Capt. Peregrine White” on “July ye 20:1704” and the ‘Boston Newsletter’ of Monday July 31, 1704 gives the following obituary: "Marshfield, July, 22 Capt. Peregrine White of this town, Aged Eighty three years, and Eight Months; died the 20th Instant. He was vigorous and of a comly Aspect to the last; Was the Son of Mr. William White and Susanna his Wife;’ born on board the Mayflower, Capt. Jones Commander, in Cape Cod Harbour. Altho’ he was in the former part of his Life extravagant; yet was much Reform’d in his last years; and died hopefully.”[36]

text: Notes[edit]

text:
Jump up ^ Green, Eugene; Sachse, William; McCaulley, Brian (2006). The Names of Cape Cod. Arcadia Press. p. 206. ISBN 978-1-933212-84-5.
^ Jump up to: a b c d Johnson 2006, p. 247.
Jump up ^ Stratton 1986, pp. 79, 365, 370, 406, 408.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g A genealogical profile of William White (Peregrine) Archived 2012-11-01 at the Wayback Machine.
Jump up ^ Peregrine comes from the proper Latin form Peregrinus. This translates into English as Pilgrim.
Jump up ^ Stratton 1986, p. 21.
Jump up ^ Banks 2006, p. 94.
Jump up ^ Stratton 1986, p. 406.
^ Jump up to: a b Allison Lassieur, Peter McDonnall The voyage of the Mayflower (Pub. Capstone Press, ©2006 Mankato, Minnesota)
Jump up ^ Stratton 1986, p. 413.
Jump up ^ Bowman 1920, photocopies of the 1622, 1646 and 1669 versions of the document.
Jump up ^ Philbrick 2006, pp. 89-90.
Jump up ^ Sherman 2006, p. 5.
Jump up ^ Stratton 1986, pp. 421-422.
^ Jump up to: a b c d Sherman 2006, p. 8.
^ Jump up to: a b Pilgrim Hall Museum Peregrine White
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f Sherman 2006, p. 9.
Jump up ^ Stratton 1986, p. 193.
Jump up ^ Stratton 1986, p. 371.
Jump up ^ Young 1842, p. 148.
^ Jump up to: a b c Sherman 2006, pp. 8, 9, 10.
Jump up ^ Pilgrim Hall Museum. "Peregrine White in the Records of Plymouth Colony" (PDF). www.pilgrimhallmuseum.org.
Jump up ^ Banks 2006, p. 106.
Jump up ^ Stratton 1986, pp. 439, 441, 442.
^ Jump up to: a b Stratton 1986, p. 370.
Jump up ^ Sherman 2006, p. 14.
Jump up ^ Sherman 2006, p. 10.
Jump up ^ Sherman 2006, p. 16.
Jump up ^ Greene, Sachse & McCauley 2006, p. 206.
Jump up ^ Sherman 2006, p. 17.
^ Jump up to: a b Sherman 2006, p. 19.
Jump up ^ Sherman 2006, p. 20.
Jump up ^ Sherman 2006, p. 13.
Jump up ^ Pilgrim Hall Museum Wills and personal items index
Jump up ^ Memorial for Peregrine White
Jump up ^ "White-Peregrine". MayflowerHistory.com. Retrieved 2018-01-19.


document_title: List of La Liga top scorers

question_text: who has scored the most la liga goals ever

text: List of La Liga top scorers

text: Top scorers by season[edit]

text:
Season
Player
Club
Goals
Games
Ratio

1929
 Bienzobas, PacoPaco Bienzobas
Real Sociedad
17
18
0.94

1929–30
 Gorostiza, GuillermoGuillermo Gorostiza
Athletic Bilbao
20
18
1.11

1930–31
 Bata
Athletic Bilbao
27
17
1.59

1931–32
 Bata (2)
Athletic Bilbao
13[1]
18
0.72

1932–33
 Olivares, ManuelManuel Olivares
Real Madrid
16
14
1.14

1933–34
 Lángara, IsidroIsidro Lángara
Real Oviedo
26
18
1.44

1934–35
 Lángara, IsidroIsidro Lángara (2)
Real Oviedo
27
22
1.23

1935–36
 Lángara, IsidroIsidro Lángara (3)
Real Oviedo
28
21
1.33

1939–40
 Unamuno, VíctorVíctor Unamuno
Athletic Bilbao
20
22
0.91

1940–41
 Pruden, Pruden
Atlético Madrid
33
22
1.5

1941–42
 Mundo
Valencia
27
25
1.08

1942–43
 Martín, MarianoMariano Martín
Barcelona
30
23
1.3

1943–44
 Mundo (2)
Valencia
28
26
1.08

1944–45
 Zarra, TelmoTelmo Zarra
Athletic Bilbao
20
26
0.77

1945–46
 Zarra, TelmoTelmo Zarra (2)
Athletic Bilbao
24
18
1.33

1946–47
 Zarra, TelmoTelmo Zarra (3)
Athletic Bilbao
33
24
1.38

1947–48
 Pahiño, Pahiño
Celta de Vigo
20
22
0.91

1948–49
 César
Barcelona
27
24
1.13

1949–50
 Zarra, TelmoTelmo Zarra (4)
Athletic Bilbao
24
26
0.92

1950–51
 Zarra, TelmoTelmo Zarra (5)
Athletic Bilbao
38
30
1.27

1951–52
 Pahiño, Pahiño (2)
Real Madrid
28
27
1.04

1952–53
 Zarra, TelmoTelmo Zarra (6)
Athletic Bilbao
24
29
0.83

1953–54
 di Stéfano, AlfredoAlfredo di Stéfano
Real Madrid
27
28
0.96

1954–55
 Arza, JuanJuan Arza
Sevilla
28
29
0.97

1955–56
 di Stéfano, AlfredoAlfredo di Stéfano (2)
Real Madrid
24
30
0.8

1956–57
 di Stéfano, AlfredoAlfredo di Stéfano (3)
Real Madrid
31
30
1.03

1957–58
 Badenes, ManuelManuel Badenes
Real Valladolid
19
29
0.66

 di Stéfano, AlfredoAlfredo di Stéfano (4)
Real Madrid
19
30
0.63

 Alós, RicardoRicardo Alós
Valencia
19
29
0.66

1958–59
 di Stéfano, AlfredoAlfredo di Stéfano (5)
Real Madrid
23
28
0.82

1959–60
 Puskás, FerencFerenc Puskás
Real Madrid
25
24
1.04

1960–61
 Puskás, FerencFerenc Puskás (2)
Real Madrid
28
28
1

1961–62
 Seminario, JuanJuan Seminario
Real Zaragoza
25
30
0.83

1962–63
 Puskás, FerencFerenc Puskás (3)
Real Madrid
26
30
0.87

1963–64
 Puskás, FerencFerenc Puskás (4)
Real Madrid
21
25
0.84

1964–65
 Ré, CayetanoCayetano Ré
Barcelona
26
30
0.87

1965–66
 Luis Aragonés
Atlético Madrid
18[2]
28
0.64

1966–67
 Waldo
Valencia
24
30
0.8

1967–68
 Uriarte, FidelFidel Uriarte
Athletic Bilbao
22
24
0.92

1968–69
 Amancio
Real Madrid
14
29
0.48

 José Eulogio Gárate
Atlético Madrid
14
30
0.47

1969–70
 Amancio (2)
Real Madrid
16
29
0.55

 Aragonés, LuisLuis Aragonés (2)
Atlético Madrid
16
30
0.53

 Gárate, José EulogioJosé Eulogio Gárate (2)
Atlético Madrid
16
30
0.53

1970–71
 Gárate, José EulogioJosé Eulogio Gárate (3)
Atlético Madrid
17
28
0.61

 Rexach, CarlesCarles Rexach
Barcelona
17
28
0.61

1971–72
 Porta, EnriqueEnrique Porta
Granada
20
31
0.65

1972–73
 Marianín
Real Oviedo
19
32
0.59

1973–74
 Quini
Sporting de Gijón
20
34
0.59

1974–75
 Carlos
Athletic Bilbao
19
32
0.59

1975–76
 Quini (2)
Sporting de Gijón
21
34
0.62

1976–77
 Kempes, MarioMario Kempes
Valencia
24
34
0.71

1977–78
 Kempes, MarioMario Kempes (2)
Valencia
28
34
0.82

1978–79
 Krankl, HansHans Krankl
Barcelona
29
30
0.97

1979–80
 Quini (3)
Sporting de Gijón
24
34
0.71

1980–81
 Quini (4)
Barcelona
20
30
0.67

1981–82
 Quini (5)
Barcelona
27
32
0.84

1982–83
 Rincón, PoliPoli Rincón
Real Betis
20
30
0.67

1983–84
 Jorge da Silva
Real Valladolid
17
30
0.57

 Juanito
Real Madrid
17
31
0.55

1984–85
 Sánchez, HugoHugo Sánchez
Atlético Madrid
19
33
0.58

1985–86
 Sánchez, HugoHugo Sánchez (2)
Real Madrid
22
33
0.67

1986–87
 Sánchez, HugoHugo Sánchez (3)
Real Madrid
34
41
0.83

1987–88
 Sánchez, HugoHugo Sánchez (4)
Real Madrid
29
36
0.81

1988–89
 Baltazar
Atlético Madrid
35
36
0.97

1989–90
 Sánchez, HugoHugo Sánchez (5)
Real Madrid
38
35
1.09

1990–91
 Butragueño, EmilioEmilio Butragueño
Real Madrid
19
35
0.54

1991–92
 Manolo
Atlético Madrid
27
36
0.75

1992–93
 Bebeto
Deportivo
29
37
0.78

1993–94
 Romário
Barcelona
30
33
0.91

1994–95
 Zamorano, IvánIván Zamorano
Real Madrid
28
38
0.74

1995–96
 Pizzi, Juan AntonioJuan Antonio Pizzi
Tenerife
31
41
0.76

1996–97
 Ronaldo
Barcelona
34
37
0.92

1997–98
 Vieri, ChristianChristian Vieri
Atlético Madrid
24
24
1

1998–99
 Raúl
Real Madrid
25
37
0.68

1999–2000
 Ballesta, SalvaSalva Ballesta
Racing Santander
27
36
0.75

2000–01
 Raúl (2)
Real Madrid
24
36
0.67

2001–02
 Tristán, DiegoDiego Tristán
Deportivo
20
35
0.57

2002–03
 Makaay, RoyRoy Makaay
Deportivo
29
38
0.76

2003–04
 Ronaldo (2)
Real Madrid
24
32
0.75

2004–05
 Forlán, DiegoDiego Forlán
Villarreal
25
38
0.66

 Eto'o, SamuelSamuel Eto'o
Barcelona
25[3]
37
0.68

2005–06
 Eto'o, SamuelSamuel Eto'o (2)
Barcelona
26
34
0.76

2006–07
 van Nistelrooy, RuudRuud van Nistelrooy
Real Madrid
25
37
0.68

2007–08
 Güiza, DanielDaniel Güiza
Mallorca
27
37
0.73

2008–09
 Forlán, DiegoDiego Forlán (2)
Atlético Madrid
32
33
0.97

2009–10
 Messi, LionelLionel Messi
Barcelona
34
35
0.97

2010–11
 Ronaldo, CristianoCristiano Ronaldo
Real Madrid
40
34
1.18

2011–12
 Messi, LionelLionel Messi (2)
Barcelona
50
37
1.35

2012–13
 Messi, LionelLionel Messi (3)
Barcelona
46
32
1.44

2013–14
 Ronaldo, CristianoCristiano Ronaldo (2)
Real Madrid
31
30
1.03

2014–15
 Ronaldo, CristianoCristiano Ronaldo (3)
Real Madrid
48
35
1.37

2015–16
 Suárez, LuisLuis Suárez
Barcelona
40
35
1.11

2016–17
 Messi, LionelLionel Messi (4)
Barcelona
37
34
1.09

text: All-time top scorers[edit]

text:
Rank
Nat.
Name
Years
Goals
Apps
Ratio

1

Lionel Messi
2004–
361
392
0.92

2

Cristiano Ronaldo
2009–
286
271
1.06

3

Telmo Zarra
1940–1955
251
278
0.9

4

Hugo Sánchez
1981–1994
234
347
0.67

5

Raúl
1994–2010
228
550
0.41

6

Alfredo Di Stéfano
1953–1966
227
329
0.69

7

César Rodríguez
1939–1955
223
353
0.63

8

Quini
1970–1987
219
448
0.49

9

Pahiño
1943–1956
210
278
0.76

10

Edmundo Suárez
1939–1950
195
231
0.84

11

Carlos Santillana
1970–1988
186
461
0.4

12

David Villa
2003–2014
185
352
0.53

13

Juan Arza
1943–1959
182
349
0.52

14

Guillermo Gorostiza
1929–1945
178
256
0.7

15

Samuel Eto'o
1998–2009
172
280
0.61

16

Luis Aragonés
1960–1974
160
360
0.44

17

Ferenc Puskás
1958–1966
156
180
0.87

18

Julio Salinas
1982–2000
152
417
0.36

19

Adrián Escudero
1945–1958
150
287
0.52

Aritz Aduriz
2002–
386
0.39

Bold show players still playing in the La Liga

text: ^ Does not include one goal scored on 18 September 2010 against Real Sociedad. Marca, which awards the Pichichi Trophy, attribute it to Ronaldo, while La Liga and UEFA attribute it to Pepe.[538]