document_title: Bears–Packers rivalry

question_text: when was the last time the bears beat the packers in lambeau field

text: Bears–Packers rivalry

text: Notable games and moments

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Bears 20, Packers 0 (November 27, 1921) – The two organizations played for the first time in 1921 at Chicago, when the Bears were nicknamed the Chicago Staleys. Bears' Gaylord "Pete" Stinchcomb scored the game's first touchdown on a 45-yard run. The Bears shut out the Packers 20-0 in their first meeting, and the rivalry was born. A year later, the Staleys changed their team name to the Bears.
Bears 3, Packers 0 (November 23, 1924) – The Bears–Packers rivalry can be credited for the first ever ejection of players for fighting during an NFL game. The Bears' Frank Hanny and Packers' Tillie Voss were ejected before the end of the first half as verbal exchanges led to punches being thrown. Two years later, Hanny was ejected once again in a game versus Green Bay.[2]
Packers 7, Bears 0 (September 28, 1930) – The Packers shut out the Bears for the fifth consecutive game in this contest which is the longest such streak in the series. The streak began in 1928 when the Packers defeated the Bears 6–0 on December 9 of that season.[3] In 1929, the Packers shut out the Bears three times, 23–0, 14–0, and 25–0 en route to their first NFL championship.[4][5] On November 9, the Bears finally scored on the Packers although they came up short in the final score 13–12.[6] The Packers then went on to win their second consecutive NFL title that season.[7]
Packers 16, Bears 14 (November 2, 1941) – The Bears came into the game undefeated and seemingly invincible. Over their first five games, they defeated their rivals by an unprecedented 157 points.[8] However, the Packers upset them in this game which was the Bears lone defeat that season. The Associated Press wrote of the game that the "Chicago Bears myth is broken".[9] Chicago fans made accusations that the game had been fixed,[10] and it was suggested that the Packers had employed a "secret" defensive scheme.[11] The Packers had built a 16–0 lead through the first three quarters of play before the Bears mounted a comeback in the fourth quarter coming up just short of a win.[12]
Bears 33, Packers 14 (December 14, 1941) – In the first playoff meeting between the two rivals, the Bears defeated the Packers 33–14 in a one-game-playoff to determine the Western Division championship.  After the Packers, the Bears defeated the New York Giants en route to their fourth NFL Championship.  Until the 2010 post-season, this remained the only playoff meeting between the teams.
Bears 52, Packers 31 (November 6, 1955) – The Bears and Packers played the highest-scoring game of their series at Soldier Field in the 1955 season. The Bears created a huge 45-3 lead, but the Packers were able to score 28 points in the fourth quarter; by the game's end, the Bears beat the Packers 52-31, with the two teams combining for 83 points. This was also the last game that George Halas coached the Bears in against the Packers until 1958 due to a temporary break from coaching.

tag: ul

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Packers 31, Bears 28 (November 12, 1961) – The Packers built up an impressive 31-7 lead in the game, but the Bears made a furious comeback with three unanswered touchdowns to make the score 31-28. Still, the Packers were able to win the game; they would go on to win the NFL Championship that year against the New York Giants.
Packers 49, Bears 0 (September 30, 1962) – Vince Lombardi's Packers shutout George Halas' Bears, 49–0 at City Stadium, the Packers largest margin of victory in the rivalry.  The team repeated that score against the Philadelphia Eagles six weeks later on Nov 11, 1962.  The games remain a Packers team record for most points in a shutout victory.  After again defeating the Bears later in the season, this time by a score of 38–7, the Packers won their 8th NFL championship. Motivated by the two humiliating losses to the Packers, Halas spent the off-season focusing on beating the Packers.
Bears 26, Packers 7 (November 17, 1963) – The Bears and Packers, both with 8-1 records, met at Wrigley Field to play for first place in the Western Conference. Chicago, behind a dominant defense, got a 26-0 lead and held on to win 26-7, completing a sweep of the Packers in the 1963 season and handling Green Bay only two losses of the season. The Bears finished the season with an NFL championship victory over the New York Giants once again, claiming their 8th NFL Championship.
Packers 23, Bears 12 (September 13, 1964) – Remembered as the "Free Kick Game" because the Packers invoked the surprising "Fair catch kick rule", which allows for a place or drop kick field goal attempt from the spot of a fair catch. Elijah Pitts fair caught a Bears punt on the Bears' 48-yard-line just before the end of the first half. Packers' coach Vince Lombardi opted to attempt a free kick. Confusion ensued as neither team had ever so much as even practiced a free kick. The Packers lined up at the line of scrimmage with Bart Starr holding for Paul Hornung. Hornung made the 52-yard field goal as the first half ended. The Packers stunned all in attendance with the kick, and won the game 23–12.
Bears 13, Packers 10 (November 3, 1968) – The Bears got their revenge on the Packers, beating them 13–10 on a fair catch free kick by Mac Percival at the 43-yard line after a Packers punt with :26 left in the game. Percival kicked a game-winner the week before against the Minnesota Vikings.[13]
Bears 2, Packers 0 (August 7, 1971) – Although it was only an exhibition — Dan Devine's first as head coach of the Packers – it will long be remembered as an exercise in futility. The Bears won when 6-foot-7 quarterback Frank Patrick of the Packers, who had been drafted as a tight end the year before and miscast as a quarterback, faded back to pass in the third quarter beyond the end line at Milwaukee's County Stadium for a safety and the only score of the game.

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Packers 12, Bears 6 (September 7, 1980) – With the score tied 6–6 and the game in overtime, Packers kicker Chester Marcol was called in to attempt a game-winning field goal. The Bears' Alan Page managed to break through and block the field goal, with the football hitting his helmet. The ball rebounded to Marcol, and, carrying the ball, he crossed the goal line to score the winning touchdown for the Packers.
Bears 61, Packers 7[14] (December 7, 1980) – In the game, the Bears scored eight offensive touchdowns. After the Packers had suffered the second-most lopsided defeat in their history, Bart Starr charged across the field to confront Bears coach Neill Armstrong. Starr was upset because Bears defensive coordinator Buddy Ryan had the Bears blitzing from all angles in the fourth quarter, even after the Packers inserted backup quarterback David Whitehurst with the score 48-7.[15] "Bart Starr was upset," Armstrong said after the game. "He did the talking and I did the listening. He said he'd rather not hear what I had to say, something to that effect, and he left." Two years later, Bill Tobin, the Bears' vice president of player personnel at the time, revealed that he had been instructed by general manager Jim Finks during the off-season to study film and decode the Packers' signal system for relaying plays to the quarterback. Tobin, who had been in the Packers' front office during the Devine years, had been fired by Starr in 1975 as part of a wholesale housecleaning.  "I went at it like a tiger does good meat," Tobin said at the time.  "We wanted 100 points," defensive end Dan Hampton said. "It couldn't happen to a nicer bunch of pricks."
Bears 23, Packers 7 (October 21, 1985) – The world was introduced to rookie defensive lineman William "The Refrigerator" Perry on Monday Night Football.[16] In goal line situations, Bears head coach Mike Ditka used Perry, who weighed roughly 300 lbs. in the fullback position. Twice, Perry led the way for Bears legend Walter Payton on two- and one-yard touchdown runs. In the second quarter, "the Fridge" was given the ball and plunged into the end zone for one of the heaviest touchdowns in NFL history. The Bears won 23–7, and "The Fridge" was born.
Bears 16, Packers 10 (November 10, 1985) – Before the game, the Packers placed horse manure in the Bears locker room.[16] Two weeks after the Monday Night Game, tempers reached a boiling point in the rivalry.  Packers cornerback Mark Lee was ejected after he and Bears running back Walter Payton went flying over a bench in the first quarter.[17]  A few minutes later, Packers safety Ken Stills was flagged for leveling Matt Suhey, Payton's backfield mate, well after the whistle.
Bears 12, Packers 10 (November 23, 1986) – In Week 12 of the 1986 season Green Bay defensive tackle Charles Martin wore a towel with a hit list of specific Bears numbers written on it, such as No. 34 Walter Payton, No. 9 Jim McMahon, and others.[18] Following a McMahon interception Martin came up from behind and body slammed him to the turf,[17] separating McMahon's shoulder, ending the quarterback's season. Martin was suspended for two games, at the time the longest suspension in NFL history.[19]
Packers 14, Bears 13 (November 6, 1989) – This became known as the "Instant Replay Game".[20] Packers quarterback Don Majkowski led the Packers to a comeback with an apparent game-winning touchdown pass to wide receiver Sterling Sharpe. The play was called a touchdown, but line judge Jim Quirk had called a penalty on Majkowski for being beyond the line of scrimmage when he threw the pass. A nervous and tense crowd at Lambeau Field waited as the call went up to the instant replay official. Several minutes later, the call came down and the touchdown was awarded as recorded by instant replay, providing the Packers their first victory over the Bears since 1984. This led to a change in the "illegal forward pass" rule which defined when to consider a passer past the line of scrimmage.[citation needed] The rule used to be judged by the position of the ball instead of the passer's feet. Bears coach Mike Ditka ordered that an asterisk be placed next to the result in all team publications.

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Packers 33, Bears 6 (October 31, 1994) – Playing with a severely bruised hip in a driving rainstorm at Soldier Field on Halloween Night, Brett Favre rushes for a career-high 58 yards – including a 36-yard touchdown in the second quarter when he leaped over a Bears defender.[21] After the game Favre said "Maybe Gale Sayers (who had his number retired that night along with Dick Butkus) got excited about that one".[22] With a win in that game, Green Bay began a ten-game winning streak against the Bears as Favre was considered a "Bear-killer"[23] by members of the Chicago Bears media and fans alike.[24] This game marked the beginning of two streaks in the series. The Packers won ten consecutive games in the series (the longest between the two clubs) and also eleven consecutive away games – a streak that did not end until the 2005 season.[25] Throwback uniforms were worn by both teams.
Packers 27, Bears 24 (September 11, 1995) – Brett Favre throws a 99-yard touchdown pass to Robert Brooks – one of only 13 times in NFL history a 99-yard TD pass has ever been completed.[21] Green Bay stormed to a 27–7 lead and had 431 yards on offense compared to Chicago's 243, Although Chicago scored 17 unanswered at the end, they came up just short as time expired. The game was featured nationally on Monday Night Football.[26]
Packers 35, Bears 28 (November 12, 1995) – Coming into this much-anticipated matchup, first place in the NFC Central division was on the line. A victory would give the Packers the same record as the Bears (6–4) and would mean a series sweep, giving Green Bay the head-to-head tie-breaker should the teams be tied at season's end. Brett Favre had a badly sprained ankle, which kept his status for the game uncertain. He had not been able to practice all week until the Friday prior to the game. Not only did Favre start, but he had his best game of the season up to that point.  He completed 25 of 33 passes for 336 yards and a career-high five touchdowns. Bears QB Erik Kramer also had a solid game, going 23 of 38 for 318 yards, two touchdowns, and one interception. The teams combined for 800 yards of offense.  The game was not decided until Kramer threw an incomplete pass in the Packers' end zone on the final play of the game.[27]
Packers 24, Bears 23 (October 12, 1997) – In one of the more back-and-forth contests in the rivalry, the Bears got off to a 10–0 lead thanks in part to a rushing touchdown by Raymont Harris in the first quarter before the Packers came back to take a 14–10 halftime lead due to a rushing score by Dorsey Levens. In the third quarter, Erik Kramer ran for a three-yard touchdown to put the Bears back in front, 17–14. However, in the waning seconds of the third quarter, Brett Favre connected with Mark Chmura for a touchdown.  The Packers led, 21–17, then extended their lead to 24–17. The Bears marched down the field and scored when Kramer connected with Chris Penn with less than two minutes left. In an "all-or-nothing" maneuver, the Bears went for a two-point conversion. The pass fell incomplete, essentially preserving the win for the Packers.[28]
Bears 14, Packers 13 (November 7, 1999) – In their first game since the passing of running back Walter Payton, the Bears defeated the Packers for the first time since 1993 on a blocked field goal by defensive tackle Bryan Robinson. This game was also the game where Brett Favre surpassed Ron Jaworski's record for most consecutive starts by a quarterback.

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Packers 34, Bears 21 (October 7, 2002) – This Monday night contest at Memorial Stadium in Champaign, Illinois, was the only Bears home game in the entire series that was played outside of Chicago.  Brett Favre threw an 85-yard TD pass to  Driver in the first quarter—the second longest of his career to that point (both against the Bears).  At the time, Soldier Field was undergoing a major renovation; the renovated stadium would later reopen in 2003 between the Bears and Packers.[29]
Bears 26, Packers 0 (September 10, 2006) – In the opening week of the season, the Bears handed Brett Favre his first shutout in his 16-year career, winning 26–0 in Green Bay. The Bears' offense, criticized for being conservative, opened the game with a 49-yard touchdown pass from Rex Grossman to Bernard Berrian. This also marked the first game in which the Bears' Devin Hester returned a punt for a touchdown.[30]
Bears 20, Packers 17 (December 22, 2008) – The coldest game in recorded Bears history featured a temperature at kickoff of 2 degrees and −13 degrees with wind chill.  The Packers traveled to Soldier Field on a Monday night, where a victory against the Bears would have ended their playoff hopes.  The Bears had to rally from a 14–3 score at the half.  The Bears were able to score after a turnover on a Packers punt return.  The Packers were on the verge of finishing a game-winning drive when Mason Crosby's field goal attempt was blocked by Alex Brown, pushing the game to overtime. The Bears took the first possession in overtime and won the game on a 38-yard field goal by Robbie Gould.

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Bears 20, Packers 17 (September 27, 2010) – The 2-0 Packers traveled to Chicago for an early season showdown with the 2-0 Bears for the NFC North lead.  The Bears wore throwback 1940s jerseys to honor the Monsters of the Midway.  They also honored former Bear George Blanda, who died Monday, with a moment of silence before the game.[31] Aaron Rodgers threw a 7-yard touchdown pass to Greg Jennings to open the scoring in the first quarter.  Mason Crosby made it 10-0 with 4:45 left in the second quarter, but Jay Cutler drove the Bears down and connected with Greg Olsen for a touchdown with 31 seconds left.  Late in the 3rd quarter, Julius Peppers blocked a 37-yard field goal attempt by Mason Crosby to keep it 10-7 Packers.  Devin Hester then opened the 4th quarter with a 62-yard punt return for a touchdown to make it 14-10 Bears.  It was the 12th time Hester had returned a kickoff or punt for a touchdown and the first since Dec. 30, 2007.  Aaron Rodgers led the Packers on a drive that resulted in him getting into the end zone on a 3-yard scamper to make it 17-14.  However, the Packers were left to regret a sloppy performance, as they recorded a team record 18 penalties.  The Bears took advantage, with Robbie Gould kicking a field goal with 4:03 left and then 0:08 left to claim a 20-17 victory.
Packers 10, Bears 3 (January 3, 2011) – The 9-6 Packers hosted the 11-4 Bears in a must-win game in order to enter the playoffs.  The Bears had the main goal of keeping their archrival out of the playoffs.  With both teams coming off of high scoring victories (the Packers beat the Giants 45-17 and the Bears beat the Jets 38-34), a shoot-out was anticipated.  However, the frozen tundra yielded a defensive battle.  The first quarter was scoreless.  In the second quarter, Robbie Gould kicked a 30-yard field goal to make it 3-0 Bears.  It wasn't until late in the 3rd quarter that Mason Crosby kicked a 23-yard field goal to make it 3-3.  With 2:50 left in the 4th quarter though, Aaron Rodgers hit tight end  Lee for a 1-yard touchdown pass to make it 10-3.  Jay Cutler was 21 of 39 for 168 yards, no touchdowns and 2 interceptions.  Aaron Rodgers was 19 of 28 for 229 yards, with one touchdown and no interceptions.  Erik Walden had a superb game for the Packers.  The linebacker registered 11 tackles and 3 sacks.[32]
Packers 21, Bears 14 (January 23, 2011, NFC Championship Game) – This was the first time the two teams had met in the playoffs since 1941. The Green Bay Packers started off strong with an early 14–0 lead on an Aaron Rodgers rushing TD. Bears' quarterback, Jay Cutler, was injured late in the second quarter, and was unable to continue. After Bears' quarterback Todd Collins proved ineffective, going 0 for 4 on two drives, the Bears brought in Caleb Hanie, who led them to a 1-yard touchdown run by Chester Taylor to make it 14–7. On the very next Bears drive, however, Hanie would be intercepted by B. J. Raji, who took it to the endzone to make it 21–7 late in the game. The Bears would answer with another TD. With one more drive to tie the game, Hanie threw his second interception, this time to Sam Shields to end the game and send Green Bay to the Super Bowl.[33] The Packers went on to win Super Bowl XLV over the Pittsburgh Steelers, becoming the NFC's first sixth-seeded team (and second wild card team) to win the Super Bowl.[34]
Bears 27, Packers 20 (November 4, 2013) – Heading into this Monday Night match-up at Lambeau Field, Bears' quarterback Jay Cutler was sidelined with a groin injury. Thus, Josh McCown, the backup quarterback of the Bears who had played in Lambeau against the Packers on Christmas Day in 2011, played in Cutler's stead. In the first drive of the game, Packers' quarterback Aaron Rodgers was sacked by Shea McClellin, which fractured Rodgers' left collarbone and sent him out of the game. McCown threw for 272 yards and two touchdowns, and no interceptions. Seneca Wallace, the backup quarterback for the Packers, threw for 114 yards and no touchdowns, with one interception. The Bears won the game 27-20 to end a six-game skid to the Packers and beat them for the first time in Lambeau Field since 2007. Aaron Rodgers would be out for 7 weeks, eventually returning in Week 17 against the Bears for the NFC North title.
Packers 33, Bears 28 (December 29, 2013) – In a game with the NFC North Championship and the No. 4 seed in the playoffs on the line, the Packers faced off against the Bears with quarterback Aaron Rodgers in his first start since their last meeting in early November, the game in which he was injured.  The game was notable for a Rodgers fumble to touchdown that occurred when most players from both teams believed the play to be an incomplete pass. The game also showcased an offensive shootout in the second half, including Bears quarterback Jay Cutler throwing for two touchdowns. However, the Packers ended their last drive converting on 4th down three times, most notably in a long 4th and 8 completion to Randall Cobb for a touchdown that would win the game and deliver Green Bay its 3rd consecutive NFC North title. The loss meant the Bears missed the playoffs for a third straight year, while the Packers made their fifth consecutive trip to the playoffs.
Packers 55, Bears 14 (November 6, 2014) – Aaron Rodgers tied an NFL record with 6 touchdown passes in the first half in a blowout win for the Packers, the most lopsided win over the Bears for the Packers since 1962 and their highest point total in a game since 1945. The Packers scored more points in this game than in any other in the rivalry. Bears' kickoff returner Chris Williams tied an NFL record with 10 kickoff returns in a game, one of which went for a 101-yard touchdown.
Bears 17, Packers 13 (November 26, 2015) – On the night of Brett Favre's jersey retirement, the Bears met the Packers at Lambeau Field for a Thanksgiving match-up. With a 4-6 record and having lost to the Packers earlier in the year, Chicago entered the game as huge underdogs. While the Bears' offense stalled in the first quarter, the Packers took a 7-point lead on a touchdown pass from Aaron Rodgers to Eddie Lacy. In the second quarter, the Bears scored two touchdowns, while the Packers settled for two field goals, making the score 14-13 at halftime. The Bears scored one more field goal in the fourth quarter while their defense pitched a second half shutout, including a goal line stand in the game's final seconds. The game marked the first and only win for Jay Cutler as a Bears quarterback in Lambeau Field, as well as his first win against the Packers since 2010.
Packers 30, Bears 27 (December 18, 2016) – With Green Bay one game down in the all time head to head series, and needing a win to move within a game of the division lead, the Packers entered Soldier Field during one of the coldest Chicago Bears games on record.  With both teams tied at halftime 10–10, Green Bay surged to a 27-10 advantage in the third quarter, before the Bears made a run of their own in the fourth quarter to bring them within 3 points, and in striking distance of the Green Bay end zone.  Green Bay held the Bears to a field goal after a goal-line stand. During the Packers' ensuing possession, quarterback Aaron Rodgers completed a 60-yard pass to Jordy Nelson which led to a Packers field goal as time expired.
Packers 35, Bears 14 (September 28, 2017) – The Packers took advantage of two early Bear turnovers, scoring two early touchdowns within 1 minute of game time in the first quarter. After a 47-minute delay due to lightning in the 2nd quarter, the Packers continued their dominance of the Bears, causing four total Bear turnovers and Aaron Rodgers throwing 4 touchdown passes in a 35-14 win. The win gave the Packers a 95-94-6 edge in the overall rivalry, the first time the Packers had the winning advantage in the rivalry since 1933. The game included a vicious helmet-to-helmet hit from Bears' Danny Trevathan on Packers' Davante Adams, which knocked Adams out and caused a small skirmish between the Bears and Packers players. Trevathan received a two-game suspension that was later reduced to one game after an appeal.
Packers 23, Bears 16 (November 12, 2017) – On a gray and rainy day at Soldier Field, the Green Bay Packers came to town without Aaron Rodgers, who had suffered a broken collarbone several weeks earlier. Thus, this was the first game in the rivalry since 1991 that didn't have Rodgers or Brett Favre at the starting quarterback position.  Led by back-up quarterback Brett Hundley, the Packers struck first with an 11 play, 70 yard drive, and a 40-yard field goal by Mason Crosby.  The Bears answered with an 8 play, 53 yard drive, capped by a 45-yard Connor Barth field goal.  In the second quarter, the Packers made it 10-3 when Ty Montgomery burst up the middle on a 37-yard run.  With 8:09 left in the first half, Bears quarterback Mitchell Trubisky hit Benny Cunningham on a short screen pass that he turned upfield for 23 yards.  Cunningham tried to score on the play but was ruled out of bounds at the 2-yard line. However, John Fox opted to challenge, believing it was a touchdown.  Instead, officials said Cunningham lost control of the football before it made contact with the pylon, and referee Tony Corrente ruled the play a touchback and awarded the ball to Green Bay at the 20-yard line.[35]  Later on, Conor Barth made a 44-yard field goal to end the half at 10-6.  In the third quarter, Mason Crosby hit a 40-yard field in the third quarter to make it 13-6 and added another 50 yarder at the beginning of the 4th quarter to make it 16-6.  With 10:39 to go in the game, Mitchell Trubisky answered with a 46-yard pass to Josh Bellamy to make it 16-13.  However, the Packers responded with an 8 play, 75 yard drive, capped by a 19-yard touchdown pass to Davante Adams to make it 23-13.  The Bears hit another field goal through Conor Barth to make it 23-16.  Despite a botched field goal by the Packers that would have iced the game, the Bears were stopped on fourth down to end the game.[36]
Packers 24, Bears 23 (September 9, 2018) - After an offseason in which both teams made massive player acquisitions and had notable drafts, most notably the Bears having acquired linebacker Khalil Mack, the two teams met on Sunday Night Football for a much anticipated matchup. In the first half, after Green Bay went three and out to open the game, the Bears struck first with a 2-yard touchdown run by quarterback Mitchell Trubisky. After the two teams exchanged three and outs, Chicago ended the 1st quarter up 7-0. The Bears would later add to the lead with a Cody Parkey field goal to make it 10-0. Late in the second quarter, defensive lineman Roy Robertson-Harris knocked Aaron Rodgers out with a knee injury and the Bears capitalized with Mack getting a pick-six off Packers backup DeShone Kizer. Rodgers would return to the game in third quarter down 20-0 after another Cody Parkey field goal, and led the Packers on a scoring drive culminating in a Mason Crosby field goal to end the third quarter with the Bears leading 20-3. However, a complete defensive meltdown by Chicago in the fourth quarter led the Packers going on a 21-3 scoring run off three Rodgers touchdown passes, one being a 75-yarder to Randall Cobb to take a 24-23 lead with just over 2 minutes left. After Chicago got the ball back, a roughing the passer penalty on Clay Matthews on fourth down gave the Bears a fresh set of downs. However, they would turn it over on a Trubisky fumble recovered by the Packers' Nick Perry. The 17-point fourth-quarter comeback for the Packers represented their largest in franchise history.  Green Bay increased their lead in the overall series against Chicago to three, their largest lead ever in the rivalry’s history.

text: Playoffs

text: The Bears and Packers have made it to the playoffs in the same year only four times.

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1941 The Bears would go on to win the championship early on in the rivalry.  This was also the only playoff game in which the two teams had played against each other until the NFC Championship game of the 2010 season.
1994 Both teams won first-round games only to be knocked out in the second-round games, seeing the 49ers go on to win the Super Bowl.
2001 The Bears had a first round bye but the Packers were the only one of the two teams to win a playoff game this year.  The Packers had also given the Bears 2 of their 3 regular season losses that season.  The Bears were knocked out at home by the Philadelphia Eagles while the Packers lost to the eventual Super Bowl runner-up St. Louis Rams.
2010 The two teams met on the last day of the season in what was a must-win for Green Bay.  The Packers won 10–3 to capture the last wild card spot as the sixth seed, while the Bears had already secured a first-round bye as the second seed. Green Bay clinched a trip to the NFC Championship by virtue of a 21–16 win over third-seeded Philadelphia in the Wild Card round and then defeating top-seeded Atlanta, 48–21, in a divisional playoff. The Bears defeated fourth-seeded Seattle in the other divisional playoff, 35–24. Both teams advanced to the NFC Championship game, only their second playoff game against each other.  Many fans of both teams describe the game as the biggest in the history of the rivalry, with a trip to the Super Bowl on the line. The Packers would ultimately prevail 21–14[33] and go on to beat the Pittsburgh Steelers in Super Bowl XLV.[34]

text: Statistics and records

text: As of November 18, 2016, there have been 194 games between the two teams—most in NFL history—since their first league game in 1921, of which the both teams have won 94 games and there have been 6 ties.[37][38] The largest margin of victory was a 61–7 Bears win on December 7, 1980. The longest winning streak is held by the Packers at 10 games from 1994–1998. After beating the Bears four times in 2011, the Packers became only the second team in NFL history to defeat the same opponent four times in one calendar year (the Los Angeles Raiders defeated the Denver Broncos four times in 1994).[39]

text: Club success

text: As of 2016, the Bears and Packers have won a combined 22 championships in the league's history.

text:
Team

NFL Titles[40]

Conference Titles

Divisional Titles[41]

Wild Card Berths

Playoff Appearances

NFL Title Game Appearances[42]

Super Bowl Appearances[43]

All-time Record

Chicago Bears

9

4

18

4

26[44]

8

2

761-586-42

Green Bay Packers

13

9

18

7

32

11

5

764-575-37

Combined

22

13

36

11

58

19

7

1525–1161–79

text: Summary of results

text:
Bears wins

Ties

Packers wins

Bears points

Packers points

Regular season

93

6

96

3,337

3,382

Postseason

1

1

47

35

Total

94

6

97

3,384

3,417

text: Updated September 10, 2018.

text: Game results

text: The following is a list of results from all of the meetings between the Chicago Bears and Green Bay Packers, from their first meeting on November 27, 1921, to the present:

text:
Bears Victory

Packers victory

Tied Game

Post Season Meeting

text: 1920s (Bears 7–6–3)

text:
Year

Date

Winner

Result

Loser

Attendance

Location

Series Record

1921

Sunday, November 27

Chicago Staleys

20–0

Green Bay Packers

7,000

Chicago

Bears 1–0

1923

Sunday, October 14

Chicago Bears

3–0

Green Bay Packers

4,451

Green Bay

Bears 2–0

1924

Sunday, November 23

Chicago Bears

3–0

Green Bay Packers

6,000

Chicago

Bears 3–0

1925

Sunday, September 27

Green Bay Packers

14–10

Chicago Bears

5,389

Green Bay

Bears 3–1

1925

Sunday, November 22

Chicago Bears

21–0

Green Bay Packers

6,898

Chicago

Bears 4–1

1926

Sunday, September 26

6–6

7,000

Green Bay

Bears 4–1–1

1926

Sunday, November 21

Chicago Bears

19–13

Green Bay Packers

7,500

Chicago

Bears 5–1–1

1926

Sunday, December 19

3–3

10,000

Chicago

Bears 5–1–2

1927

Sunday, October 2

Chicago Bears

7–6

Green Bay Packers

5,500

Green Bay

Bears 6–1–2

1927

Sunday, November 20

Chicago Bears

14–6

Green Bay Packers

6,000

Chicago

Bears 7–1–2

1928

Sunday, September 30

12–12

8,500

Green Bay

Bears 7–1–3

1928

Sunday, October 21

Green Bay Packers

16–6

Chicago Bears

15,000

Chicago

Bears 7–2–3

1928

Sunday, December 9

Green Bay Packers

6–0

Chicago Bears

14,000

Chicago

Bears 7–3–3

1929

Sunday, September 29

Green Bay Packers

23–0

Chicago Bears

13,000

Green Bay

Bears 7–4–3

1929

Sunday, November 10

Green Bay Packers

14–0

Chicago Bears

13,000

Chicago

Bears 7–5–3

1929

Sunday, December 8

Green Bay Packers

25–0

Chicago Bears

6,000

Chicago

Bears 7–6–3

text: Packers outscore Bears 144–124

text: 1930s (Bears 12–11–1)

text:
Year

Date

Winner

Result

Loser

Attendance

Location

Series Record

1930

Sunday, September 28

Green Bay Packers

7–0

Chicago Bears

10,000

Green Bay

Tied 7–7–3

1930

Sunday, November 9

Green Bay Packers

13–12

Chicago Bears

22,000

Chicago

Packers 8–7–3

1930

Sunday, December 7

Chicago Bears

21–0

Green Bay Packers

20,000

Chicago

Tied 8–8–3

1931

Sunday, September 27

Green Bay Packers

7–0

Chicago Bears

13,500

Green Bay

Packers 9–8–3

1931

Sunday, November 1

Green Bay Packers

6–2

Chicago Bears

30,000

Chicago

Packers 10–8–3

1931

Sunday, December 6

Chicago Bears

7–6

Green Bay Packers

18,000

Chicago

Packers 10–9–3

1932

Sunday, September 25

0–0

13,000

Green Bay

Packers 10–9–4

1932

Sunday, October 16

Green Bay Packers

2–0

Chicago Bears

18,000

Chicago

Packers 11–9–4

1932

Sunday, December 11

Chicago Bears

9–0

Green Bay Packers

5,000

Chicago

Packers 11–10–4

1933

Sunday, September 24

Chicago Bears

14–7

Green Bay Packers

12,000

Green Bay

Tied 11–11–4

1933

Sunday, October 22

Chicago Bears

10–7

Green Bay Packers

21,000

Chicago

Bears 12–11–4

1933

Sunday, December 10

Chicago Bears

7–6

Green Bay Packers

7,000

Chicago

Bears 13–11–4

1934

Sunday, September 23

Chicago Bears

24–10

Green Bay Packers

13,500

Green Bay

Bears 14–11–4

1934

Sunday, October 28

Chicago Bears

27–14

Green Bay Packers

18,000

Chicago

Bears 15–11–4

1935

Sunday, September 22

Green Bay Packers

7–0

Chicago Bears

13,600

Green Bay

Bears 15–12–4

1935

Sunday, October 27

Green Bay Packers

17–14

Chicago Bears

29,386

Chicago

Bears 15–13–4

1936

Sunday, September 20

Chicago Bears

30–3

Green Bay Packers

14,312

Green Bay

Bears 16–13–4

1936

Sunday, November 1

Green Bay Packers

21–10

Chicago Bears

31,346

Chicago

Bears 16–14–4

1937

Sunday, September 19

Chicago Bears

14–2

Green Bay Packers

16,658

Green Bay

Bears 17–14–4

1937

Sunday, November 7

Green Bay Packers

24–14

Chicago Bears

44,977

Chicago

Bears 17–15–4

1938

Sunday, September 18

Chicago Bears

2–0

Green Bay Packers

15,172

Green Bay

Bears 18–15–4

1938

Sunday, November 6

Green Bay Packers

24–17

Chicago Bears

40,208

Chicago

Bears 18–16–4

1939

Sunday, September 24

Green Bay Packers

21–16

Chicago Bears

19,192

Green Bay

Bears 18–17–4

1939

Sunday, November 5

Chicago Bears

30–27

Green Bay Packers

40,537

Chicago

Bears 19–17–4

text: Bears outscore Packers 280–231

text: 1940s (Bears 16–4–1)

text:
Year

Date

Winner

Result

Loser

Attendance

Location

Series Record

1940

Sunday, September 22

Chicago Bears

41–10

Green Bay Packers

22,557

Green Bay

Bears 20–17–4

1940

Sunday, November 3

Chicago Bears

14–7

Green Bay Packers

45,434

Chicago

Bears 21–17–4

1941

Sunday, September 28

Chicago Bears

25–17

Green Bay Packers

24,876

Green Bay

Bears 22–17–4

1941

Sunday, November 2

Green Bay Packers

16–14

Chicago Bears

46,484

Chicago

Bears 22–18–4

1941

Sunday, December 14*

Chicago Bears

33–14

Green Bay Packers

43,425

Chicago

Bears 23–18–4

1942

Sunday, September 27

Chicago Bears

44–28

Green Bay Packers

20,007

Green Bay

Bears 24–18–4

1942

Sunday, November 15

Chicago Bears

38–7

Green Bay Packers

42,787

Chicago

Bears 25–18–4

1943

Sunday, September 26

21–21

23,675

Green Bay

Bears 25–18–5

1943

Sunday, November 7

Chicago Bears

21–7

Green Bay Packers

43,425

Chicago

Bears 26–18–5

1944

Sunday, September 24

Green Bay Packers

42–28

Chicago Bears

24,362

Green Bay

Bears 26–19–5

1944

Sunday, November 5

Chicago Bears

21–0

Green Bay Packers

45,553

Chicago

Bears 27–19–5

1945

Sunday, September 30

Green Bay Packers

31–21

Chicago Bears

24,525

Green Bay

Bears 27–20–5

1945

Sunday, November 4

Chicago Bears

28–24

Green Bay Packers

45,527

Chicago

Bears 28–20–5

1946

Sunday, September 29

Chicago Bears

30–7

Green Bay Packers

25,049

Green Bay

Bears 29–20–5

1946

Sunday, November 3

Chicago Bears

10–7

Green Bay Packers

46,321

Chicago

Bears 30–20–5

1947

Sunday, September 28

Green Bay Packers

29–20

Chicago Bears

25,461

Green Bay

Bears 30–21–5

1947

Sunday, November 9

Chicago Bears

20–17

Green Bay Packers

46,112

Chicago

Bears 31–21–5

1948

Sunday, September 26

Chicago Bears

45–7

Green Bay Packers

25,546

Green Bay

Bears 32–21–5

1948

Sunday, November 14

Chicago Bears

7–6

Green Bay Packers

48,113

Chicago

Bears 33–21–5

1949

Sunday, September 25

Chicago Bears

17–0

Green Bay Packers

25,571

Green Bay

Bears 34–21–5

1949

Sunday, November 6

Chicago Bears

24–3

Green Bay Packers

47,218

Chicago

Bears 35–21–5

text: Bears outscore Packers 489–286 (this does not include the 1941 playoff game)

text: 1950s (Bears 14–5–1)

text:
Year

Date

Winner

Result

Loser

Attendance

Location

Series Record

1950

Sunday, October 1

Green Bay Packers

31–21

Chicago Bears

24,893

Green Bay

Bears 35–22–5

1950

Sunday, October 15

Chicago Bears

28–14

Green Bay Packers

51,065

Chicago

Bears 36–22–5

1951

Sunday, September 30

Chicago Bears

31–20

Green Bay Packers

24,666

Green Bay

Bears 37–22–5

1951

Sunday, November 18

Chicago Bears

24–13

Green Bay Packers

36,771

Chicago

Bears 38–22–5

1952

Sunday, September 28

Chicago Bears

24–14

Green Bay Packers

24,656

Green Bay

Bears 39–22–5

1952

Sunday, November 9

Green Bay Packers

41–28

Chicago Bears

41,751

Chicago

Bears 39–23–5

1953

Sunday, October 4

Chicago Bears

17–13

Green Bay Packers

24,835

Green Bay

Bears 40–23–5

1953

Sunday, November 8

21–21

39,889

Chicago

Bears 40–23–6

1954

Sunday, October 3

Chicago Bears

10–3

Green Bay Packers

24,414

Green Bay

Bears 41–23–6

1954

Sunday, November 7

Chicago Bears

28–23

Green Bay Packers

47,038

Chicago

Bears 42–23–6

1955

Sunday, October 2

Chicago Bears

52–31

Green Bay Packers

48,890

Chicago

Bears 43–23–6

1955

Sunday, November 6

Green Bay Packers

24–3

Chicago Bears

24,662

Green Bay

Bears 43–24–6

1956

Sunday, October 7

Chicago Bears

37–21

Green Bay Packers

24,668

Green Bay

Bears 44–24–6

1956

Sunday, November 11

Chicago Bears

38–14

Green Bay Packers

49,172

Chicago

Bears 45–24–6

1957

Sunday, September 29

Green Bay Packers

21–17

Chicago Bears

32,132

Green Bay

Bears 45–25–6

1957

Sunday, November 10

Chicago Bears

21–14

Green Bay Packers

47,153

Chicago

Bears 46–25–6

1958

Sunday, September 28

Chicago Bears

34–20

Green Bay Packers

32,150

Green Bay

Bears 47–25–6

1958

Sunday, November 9

Chicago Bears

24–10

Green Bay Packers

48,424

Chicago

Bears 48–25–6

1959

Sunday, September 27

Green Bay Packers

9–6

Chicago Bears

32,150

Green Bay

Bears 48–26–6

1959

Sunday, November 8

Chicago Bears

28–17

Green Bay Packers

46,205

Chicago

Bears 49–26–6

text: Bears outscore Packers 492–374

text: 1960s (Packers 15–5)

text:
Year

Date

Winner

Result

Loser

Attendance

Location

Series Record

1960

Sunday, September 25

Chicago Bears

17–14

Green Bay Packers

32,150

Green Bay

Bears 50–26–6

1960

Sunday, December 4

Green Bay Packers

41–13

Chicago Bears

46,406

Chicago

Bears 50–27–6

1961

Sunday, October 1

Green Bay Packers

24–0

Chicago Bears

38,669

Green Bay

Bears 50–28–6

1961

Sunday, November 12

Green Bay Packers

31–28

Chicago Bears

49,711

Chicago

Bears 50–29–6

1962

Sunday, September 30

Green Bay Packers

49–0

Chicago Bears

38,669

Green Bay

Bears 50–30–6

1962

Sunday, November 4

Green Bay Packers

38–7

Chicago Bears

48,753

Chicago

Bears 50–31–6

1963

Sunday, September 15

Chicago Bears

10–3

Green Bay Packers

42,327

Green Bay

Bears 51–31–6

1963

Sunday, November 17

Chicago Bears

26–7

Green Bay Packers

49,166

Chicago

Bears 52–31–6

1964

Sunday, September 13

Green Bay Packers

23–12

Chicago Bears

42,327

Green Bay

Bears 52–32–6

1964

Saturday, December 5

Green Bay Packers

17–3

Chicago Bears

43,636

Chicago

Bears 52–33–6

1965

Sunday, October 3

Green Bay Packers

23–14

Chicago Bears

50,852

Green Bay

Bears 52–34–6

1965

Sunday, October 31

Chicago Bears

31–10

Green Bay Packers

45,664

Chicago

Bears 53–34–6

1966

Sunday, October 23

Green Bay Packers

17–0

Chicago Bears

48,573

Chicago

Bears 53–35–6

1966

Sunday, November 6

Green Bay Packers

13–6

Chicago Bears

50,861

Green Bay

Bears 53–36–6

1967

Sunday, September 24

Green Bay Packers

13–10

Chicago Bears

50,861

Green Bay

Bears 53–37–6

1967

Sunday, November 26

Green Bay Packers

17–13

Chicago Bears

47,513

Chicago

Bears 53–38–6

1968

Sunday, November 3

Chicago Bears

13–10

Green Bay Packers

50,861

Green Bay

Bears 54–38–6

1968

Sunday, December 15

Green Bay Packers

28–27

Chicago Bears

46,435

Chicago

Bears 54–39–6

1969

Sunday, September 21

Green Bay Packers

17–0

Chicago Bears

50,861

Green Bay

Bears 54–40–6

1969

Sunday, December 14

Green Bay Packers

21–3

Chicago Bears

45,216

Chicago

Bears 54–41–6

text: Packers outscore Bears 416–233

text: 1970s (Bears 11–9)

text:
Year

Date

Winner

Result

Loser

Attendance

Location

Series Record

1970

Sunday, November 15

Green Bay Packers

20–19

Chicago Bears

56,263

Green Bay

Bears 54–42–6

1970

Sunday, December 13

Chicago Bears

35–17

Green Bay Packers

44,957

Chicago

Bears 55–42–6

1971

Sunday, November 7

Green Bay Packers

17–14

Chicago Bears

55,049

Chicago

Bears 55–43–6

1971

Sunday, December 12

Green Bay Packers

31–10

Chicago Bears

56,263

Green Bay

Bears 55–44–6

1972

Sunday, October 8

Green Bay Packers

20–17

Chicago Bears

56,263

Green Bay

Bears 55–45–6

1972

Sunday, November 12

Green Bay Packers

23–17

Chicago Bears

55,701

Chicago

Bears 55–46–6

1973

Sunday, November 4

Chicago Bears

31–17

Green Bay Packers

56,267

Green Bay

Bears 56–46–6

1973

Sunday, December 16

Green Bay Packers

21–0

Chicago Bears

55,701

Chicago

Bears 56–47–6

1974

Monday, October 21

Chicago Bears

10–9

Green Bay Packers

55,453

Chicago

Bears 57–47–6

1974

Sunday, November 10

Green Bay Packers

20–3

Chicago Bears

48,273

Milwaukee

Bears 57–48–6

1975

Sunday, November 9

Chicago Bears

27–14

Green Bay Packers

57,455

Chicago

Bears 58–48–6

1975

Sunday, November 30

Green Bay Packers

28–7

Chicago Bears

56,267

Green Bay

Bears 58–49–6

1976

Sunday, November 14

Chicago Bears

24–13

Green Bay Packers

57,359

Chicago

Bears 59–49–6

1976

Sunday, November 28

Chicago Bears

16–10

Green Bay Packers

56,267

Green Bay

Bears 60–49–6

1977

Sunday, October 30

Chicago Bears

26–0

Green Bay Packers

56,267

Green Bay

Bears 61–49–6

1977

Sunday, December 11

Chicago Bears

21–10

Green Bay Packers

57,359

Chicago

Bears 62–49–6

1978

Sunday, October 8

Green Bay Packers

24–14

Chicago Bears

56,267

Green Bay

Bears 62–50–6

1978

Sunday, December 10

Chicago Bears

14–0

Green Bay Packers

57,359

Chicago

Bears 63–50–6

1979

Sunday, September 2

Chicago Bears

6–3

Green Bay Packers

56,515

Chicago

Bears 64–50–6

1979

Sunday, December 9

Chicago Bears

15–14

Green Bay Packers

54,207

Green Bay

Bears 65–50–6

text: Bears outscore Packers 326–311

text: 1980s (Bears 11–7)

text:
Year

Date

Winner

Result

Loser

Attendance

Location

Series Record

1980

Sunday, September 7

Green Bay Packers

12–6

Chicago Bears

54,381

Green Bay

Bears 65–51–6

1980

Sunday, December 7

Chicago Bears

61–7

Green Bay Packers

57,176

Chicago

Bears 66–51–6

1981

Sunday, September 6

Green Bay Packers

16–9

Chicago Bears

62,411

Chicago

Bears 66–52–6

1981

Sunday, November 29

Green Bay Packers

21–17

Chicago Bears

55,338

Green Bay

Bears 66–53–6

1983

Sunday, December 4

Green Bay Packers

31–28

Chicago Bears

51,147

Green Bay

Bears 66–54–6

1983

Sunday, December 18

Chicago Bears

23–21

Green Bay Packers

35,807

Chicago

Bears 67–54–6

1984

Sunday, September 16

Chicago Bears

9–7

Green Bay Packers

55,942

Green Bay

Bears 68–54–6

1984

Sunday, December 9

Green Bay Packers

20–14

Chicago Bears

59,374

Chicago

Bears 68–55–6

1985

Monday, October 21

Chicago Bears

23–7

Green Bay Packers

65,095

Chicago

Bears 69–55–6

1985

Sunday, November 3

Chicago Bears

16–10

Green Bay Packers

56,895

Green Bay

Bears 70–55–6

1986

Monday, September 22

Chicago Bears

25–12

Green Bay Packers

55,527

Green Bay

Bears 71–55–6

1986

Sunday, November 23

Chicago Bears

12–10

Green Bay Packers

59,291

Chicago

Bears 72–55–6

1987

Sunday, November 8

Chicago Bears

26–24

Green Bay Packers

53,320

Green Bay

Bears 73–55–6

1987

Sunday, November 29

Chicago Bears

23–10

Green Bay Packers

61,638

Chicago

Bears 74–55–6

1988

Sunday, September 25

Chicago Bears

24–6

Green Bay Packers

56,492

Green Bay

Bears 75–55–6

1988

Sunday, November 27

Chicago Bears

16–0

Green Bay Packers

62,026

Chicago

Bears 76–55–6

1989

Monday, November 6

Green Bay Packers

14–13

Chicago Bears

56,556

Green Bay

Bears 76–56–6

1989

Sunday, December 17

Green Bay Packers

40–28

Chicago Bears

44,781

Chicago

Bears 76–57–6

text: Bears outscore Packers 373–268

text: 1990s (Packers 13–7)

text:
Year

Date

Winner

Result

Loser

Attendance

Location

Series Record

1990

Sunday, September 16

Chicago Bears

31–13

Green Bay Packers

58,938

Green Bay

Bears 77–57–6

1990

Sunday, October 7

Chicago Bears

27–13

Green Bay Packers

59,929

Chicago

Bears 78–57–6

1991

Thursday, October 17

Chicago Bears

10–0

Green Bay Packers

58,435

Green Bay

Bears 79–57–6

1991

Sunday, December 8

Chicago Bears

27–13

Green Bay Packers

62,353

Chicago

Bears 80–57–6

1992

Sunday, October 25

Chicago Bears

30–10

Green Bay Packers

59,435

Green Bay

Bears 81–57–6

1992

Sunday, November 22

Green Bay Packers

17–3

Chicago Bears

56,170

Chicago

Bears 81–58–6

1993

Sunday, October 31

Green Bay Packers

17–3

Chicago Bears

58,945

Green Bay

Bears 81–59–6

1993

Sunday, December 5

Chicago Bears

30–17

Green Bay Packers

62,236

Chicago

Bears 82–59–6

1994

Monday, October 31

Green Bay Packers

33–6

Chicago Bears

47,381

Chicago

Bears 82–60–6

1994

Sunday, December 11

Green Bay Packers

40–3

Chicago Bears

57,927

Green Bay

Bears 82–61–6

1995

Monday, September 11

Green Bay Packers

27–24

Chicago Bears

64,855

Chicago

Bears 82–62–6

1995

Sunday, November 12

Green Bay Packers

35–28

Chicago Bears

59,996

Green Bay

Bears 82–63–6

1996

Sunday, October 6

Green Bay Packers

37–6

Chicago Bears

65,480

Chicago

Bears 82–64–6

1996

Sunday, December 1

Green Bay Packers

28–17

Chicago Bears

59,682

Green Bay

Bears 82–65–6

1997

Monday, September 1

Green Bay Packers

38–24

Chicago Bears

60,766

Green Bay

Bears 82–66–6

1997

Sunday, October 12

Green Bay Packers

24–23

Chicago Bears

62,212

Chicago

Bears 82–67–6

1998

Sunday, December 13

Green Bay Packers

26–20

Chicago Bears

59,813

Green Bay

Bears 82–68–6

1998

Sunday, December 27

Green Bay Packers

16–13

Chicago Bears

58,393

Chicago

Bears 82–69–6

1999

Sunday, November 7

Chicago Bears

14–13

Green Bay Packers

59,867

Green Bay

Bears 83–69–6

1999

Sunday, December 5

Green Bay Packers

35–19

Chicago Bears

66,944

Chicago

Bears 83–70–6

text: Packers outscore Bears 452–358

text: 2000s (Packers 12–8)

text:
Year

Date

Winner

Result

Loser

Attendance

Location

Series Record

2000

Sunday, October 1

Chicago Bears

27–24

Green Bay Packers

59,869

Green Bay

Bears 84–70–6

2000

Sunday, December 3

Green Bay Packers

28–6

Chicago Bears

66,994

Chicago

Bears 84–71–6

2001

Sunday, November 11

Green Bay Packers

20–12

Chicago Bears

66,944

Chicago

Bears 84–72–6

2001

Sunday, December 9

Green Bay Packers

17–7

Chicago Bears

59,869

Green Bay

Bears 84–73–6

2002

Monday, October 7

Green Bay Packers

34–21

Chicago Bears

63,226

Champaign

Bears 84–74–6

2002

Sunday, December 1

Green Bay Packers

30–20

Chicago Bears

64,196

Green Bay

Bears 84–75–6

2003

Monday, September 29

Green Bay Packers

38–23

Chicago Bears

61,500

Chicago

Bears 84–76–6

2003

Sunday, December 7

Green Bay Packers

34–21

Chicago Bears

70,458

Green Bay

Bears 84–77–6

2004

Sunday, September 19

Chicago Bears

21–10

Green Bay Packers

70,688

Green Bay

Bears 85–77–6

2005

Sunday, January 2

Green Bay Packers

31–14

Chicago Bears

62,197

Chicago

Bears 85–78–6

2005

Sunday, December 4

Chicago Bears

19–7

Green Bay Packers

62,177

Chicago

Bears 86–78–6

2005

Sunday, December 25

Chicago Bears

24–17

Green Bay Packers

69,757

Green Bay

Bears 87–78–6

2006

Sunday, September 10

Chicago Bears

26–0

Green Bay Packers

70,918

Green Bay

Bears 88–78–6

2006

Sunday, December 31

Green Bay Packers

26–7

Chicago Bears

62,287

Chicago

Bears 88–79–6

2007

Sunday, October 7

Chicago Bears

27–20

Green Bay Packers

70,904

Green Bay

Bears 89–79–6

2007

Sunday, December 23

Chicago Bears

35–7

Green Bay Packers

62,272

Chicago

Bears 90–79–6

2008

Sunday, November 16

Green Bay Packers

37–3

Chicago Bears

71,040

Green Bay

Bears 90–80–6

2008

Monday, December 22

Chicago Bears

20–17

Green Bay Packers

62,151

Chicago

Bears 91–80–6

2009

Sunday, September 13

Green Bay Packers

21–15

Chicago Bears

70,920

Green Bay

Bears 91–81–6

2009

Sunday, December 13

Green Bay Packers

21–14

Chicago Bears

62,214

Chicago

Bears 91–82–6

text: Packers outscore Bears 439–362

text: 2010s (Packers 15–3)

text:
Year

Date

Winner

Result

Loser

Attendance

Location

Series Record

2010

Monday, September 27

Chicago Bears

20–17

Green Bay Packers

62,179

Chicago

Bears 92–82–6

2011

Sunday, January 2

Green Bay Packers

10–3

Chicago Bears

70,833

Green Bay

Bears 92–83–6

2011

Sunday, January 23*

Green Bay Packers

21–14

Chicago Bears

62,377

Chicago

Bears 92–84–6

2011

Sunday, September 25

Green Bay Packers

27–17

Chicago Bears

62,339

Chicago

Bears 92–85–6

2011

Sunday, December 25

Green Bay Packers

35–21

Chicago Bears

70,574

Green Bay

Bears 92–86–6

2012

Thursday, September 13

Green Bay Packers

23–10

Chicago Bears

70,543

Green Bay

Bears 92–87–6

2012

Sunday, December 16

Green Bay Packers

21–13

Chicago Bears

62,534

Chicago

Bears 92–88–6

2013

Monday, November 4

Chicago Bears

27–20

Green Bay Packers

78,122

Green Bay

Bears 93–88–6

2013

Sunday, December 29

Green Bay Packers

33–28

Chicago Bears

62,708

Chicago

Bears 93–89–6

2014

Sunday, September 28

Green Bay Packers

38–17

Chicago Bears

61,736

Chicago

Bears 93–90–6

2014

Thursday, November 6

Green Bay Packers

55–14

Chicago Bears

78,292

Green Bay

Bears 93–91–6

2015

Sunday, September 13

Green Bay Packers

31–23

Chicago Bears

62,442

Chicago

Bears 93–92–6

2015

Thursday, November 26

Chicago Bears

17–13

Green Bay Packers

78,488

Green Bay

Bears 94–92–6

2016

Thursday, October 20

Green Bay Packers

26–10

Chicago Bears

78,217

Green Bay

Bears 94–93–6

2016

Sunday, December 18

Green Bay Packers

30–27

Chicago Bears

61,137

Chicago

Tied 94–94–6

2017

Thursday, September 28

Green Bay Packers

35–14

Chicago Bears

72,928

Green Bay

Packers 95–94–6

2017

Sunday, November 12

Green Bay Packers

23–16

Chicago Bears

55,661

Chicago

Packers 96–94–6

2018

Sunday, September 9

Green Bay Packers

24–23

Chicago Bears

78,282

Green Bay

Packers 97–94–6

text: Packers outscore Bears 461–300 (this does not include the 2011 playoff game)

text: * – Denotes a Playoff Game


document_title: France in the American Revolutionary War

question_text: when did the french enter the revolutionary war

root

text: American origins of the conflict[edit]

text: Having lost Canada in the Conquest of 1760, France wanted revenge. Meanwhile, the American colonists and the British government began a dispute over whether Parliament in London, or the colonial assemblies had primary responsibility for taxation. The ideological conflict escalated into open warfare in 1775, at which point the American patriots took control of each of the 13 colonies away from Royal officials. Britain refused to accept the independence. France, which had been rebuilding their Navy and other forces, now saw an opportunity to seriously weaken her perennial enemy.[4]

tag: p

text: French involvement[edit]

text: France bitterly resented her loss in the Seven Years' War and sought revenge; it also wanted to keep Britain from becoming too powerful. The opportunity came following the Declaration of Independence. The American Revolution was well received in France, by both the general population and the aristocracy. The Revolution was perceived as the incarnation of the Enlightenment Spirit against the "English tyranny." Benjamin Franklin, dispatched to France in December 1776 to rally its support, was welcomed with great enthusiasm. The French had become interested in the American Revolution from the outset. They saw the revolution as an opportunity to strip Britain of its North American possessions in retaliation for France's loss of Canada a decade earlier. At first, French support was covert; French agents sent the Patriots military aid (predominantly gunpowder) through a company called Rodrigue Hortalez et Compagnie, beginning in the spring of 1776. Estimates place the percentage of French-supplied arms to the Americans in the Saratoga campaign up to 90%.[5][6] By 1777, over five million livres of aid had been sent to the American rebels.

text: Motivated by the prospect of glory in battle or animated by the sincere ideals of liberty and republicanism, volunteers joined the American army such as Pierre Charles L'Enfant. The most famous was Lafayette, a charming young aristocrat who defied the king's order and enlisted in 1777 at age 19. He became an aide to Washington and a combat general. More importantly, he solidified a favorable American view of France. Kramer argues that Lafayette provided a legitimacy for the war and confidence that there was serious European support for independence. Lafayette's personal style was highly attractive. The young man learned quickly, adapted to the Patriot style, avoided politics, and quickly became a friend of General Washington. Fifty years later, after a long career in French politics, he returned as a beloved war hero.[7]

text: Reasons for French interest[edit]

text: France initially sent agents to observe the war, organised secret supplies, and began preparations for war against Britain in support of the rebels. Although France might seem an odd choice for the revolutionaries to deal with; the nation was ruled by an absolutist monarch who was not sympathetic to claims of 'no taxation without representation', even if the plight of the colonists and their perceived fight against a domineering empire excited idealistic Frenchmen like the Marquis de Lafayette. France was also predominantly Catholic, and the colonies were Protestant; this was a major issue at the time and had coloured several centuries of foreign relations.[8]

text: But France was a colonial rival of Britain, and while arguably being Europe's most prestigious nation, France had suffered humiliating defeats against the British during the Seven Years' War - especially its American theatre, the French and Indian War - only years earlier. France was looking for any way to strengthen its own reputation whilst undermining Britain; helping the colonists gain independence looked like the ideal way to do so. The fact that some of the revolutionaries had fought France in the French- Indian war scant years earlier was expediently overlooked. In fact, the French Duc de Choiseul had outlined how France would restore their prestige from the Seven Years' War as early as 1765, saying the colonists would soon throw the British out, and then France and Spain would unite and fight Britain over naval dominance.[9]

text: Debate over quiet aid or declaring open war[edit]

text: Up against the British power, the young nation lacked arms and allies, and turned to France for help. France was not directly interested in the conflict, but saw it as an opportunity to contest British power by supporting a new British opponent. Through negotiations conducted first by Silas Deane and then Benjamin Franklin, France began covert support of the American cause.

text: Secretly approached by Louis XVI and France's foreign minister, the comte de Vergennes, Pierre Beaumarchais was authorized to sell gunpowder and ammunition to the Americans for close to a million pounds under the veil of the French company Rodrigue Hortalez et Compagnie. The aid given by France, much of which passed through the neutral Dutch West Indies port of Sint Eustatius, contributed to George Washington's survival against the British onslaught in 1776 and 1777 and was a major factor in the defeat of General Burgoyne's expedition down the Champlain corridor that ended in a British disaster at Saratoga. French ports accommodated American ships, including privateers and Continental Navy warships, that acted against British merchant ships. France provided significant economic aid, either as donations or loans, and also offered technical assistance, granting some of its military strategists "vacations", so they could assist American troops.

text: Silas Deane, appointed by the Americans, and, helped by French animosity towards Britain, obtained unofficial aid, starting in early 1776. However, the goal was the total involvement of France in the war. A new delegation composed of Franklin, Deane, and Arthur Lee, was appointed to lobby for the involvement of European nations. Franklin, age 70 and already well known in French intellectual circles for his scientific discoveries, served as the chief diplomat with the title of "minister" (the term "ambassador" was not used). He dressed in rough frontier clothes rather than formal court dress, and met with many leading diplomats, aristocrats, intellectuals, scientists and financiers.

text: When the international climate at the end of 1777 had intensified, Habsburg Austria requested the support of France in the War of the Bavarian Succession against Prussia in line with the Franco-Austrian Alliance. France refused, causing a diplomatic crisis between the two nations. Under these conditions, asking Austria for assistance in a war against the British was impossible. Attempts to rally Spain failed as well: Spain did not immediately recognize the potential gains, and the American revolutionary spirit was seen as threatening the legitimacy of the Spanish Crown in its own American colonies.

text: Public opinion in France favoured open war, but King Louis and his advisers, in particular his economic and military advisers, were reluctant due to the possible risks and heavy expenses involved. The French Navy was being rapidly rebuilt, but there were doubts as to how ready it was for serious combat. Financiers Turgot and Necker pointed out, how war would be very expensive for France's wobbly system of taxation and finance.

text: The Americans argued that an alliance of the United States, France, and Spain would assure a quick defeat of the British, but Vergennes, waiting until his navy was ready, hesitated. On July 23, 1777, Vergennes decided it was time to decide either total involvement, or abandonment of the new nation. The choice, ratified by the king, was war.[10]

text: Entry into the war[edit]

text: The British had taken Philadelphia in 1777, but American victory at the Battle of Saratoga brought back hope to the Patriots and enthusiasts in France. The army of Burgoyne surrendered to American forces after Saratoga and France realized that the United States could be victorious. The king directed Vergennes to negotiate an alliance with the Americans.[11]

text: France formally recognized the United States on February 6, 1778, with the signing of the Treaty of Amity and Commerce, which was immediately followed by signing the Treaty of Alliance in anticipation of conflict as a result. Hostilities soon followed after Britain declared war on France on March 17, 1778. The British naval force, at that time the largest fleet afloat, and the French fleet confronted each other from the beginning. The British avoided intercepting a French fleet that left Toulon under the comte d'Estaing in April for North America, fearing the French fleet at Brest might then be used to launch an invasion of Britain. France had kept the Brest fleet to protect commercial shipping in European waters, and it sailed out only after a British fleet was confirmed to have left in pursuit of d'Estaing, thus weakening the British Channel fleet. In spite of this reduction the British fleet still outnumbered the French fleet at Brest, and Admiral d'Orvilliers was instructed to avoid combat when he sailed in July. D'Orvilliers met the fleet of Admiral Augustus Keppel in the indecisive Battle of Ushant on July 27, after which both fleets returned to port for repairs.

text: France did consider the landing of 40,000 men in the nearby British Isles but abandoned the idea because of logistical issues. On the continent, France was protected through its alliance with Austria which, even if it did not take part in the American Revolutionary War, affirmed its diplomatic support to France.

text: Other nations in Europe at first refused to openly join the war, but both Spain and the Dutch Republic gave unofficial support to the American cause. Vergennes was able to convince the Spanish to formally enter the war in 1779 and, in 1780, Britain declared war on the Dutch Republic over claims of Dutch violations of neutrality.

text: North American operations[edit]

text: French participation in North America was initially maritime in nature and marked by some indecision on the part of its military leaders. In 1778, American and French planners organized an attempt to capture Newport, Rhode Island, then under British occupation. The attempt failed, in part because Admiral d'Estaing did not land French troops prior to sailing out of Narragansett Bay to meet the British fleet. He then sailed for Boston after his fleet was damaged in a storm. In 1779, d'Estaing again led his fleet to North America for joint operations, this time against British-held Savannah, Georgia. About 3,000 French joined with 2,000 Americans in the Siege of Savannah, in which a naval bombardment was unsuccessful. An attempted assault of the entrenched British position was repulsed with heavy losses.

text: Support became more notable when, in 1780, 6.000 soldiers led by Rochambeau landed at Newport, which was abandoned in 1779 by the British. Here the French established a naval base. These forces were largely inactive since the fleet was closely watched by the British fleet from its bases in New York and eastern Long Island. By early 1781, with the war dragging on, French military planners were finally convinced that more significant operations would be required in North America to bring a decisive end to the war. That year's West Indies fleet was commanded by the comte de Grasse, and specific arrangements were made to coordinate operations with him. De Grasse asked to be supplied with North American pilots and to be informed of possible operations in North America to which he might contribute. Rochambeau and Washington met at Wethersfield, Connecticut in May 1781 to discuss their options. Washington wanted to drive the British from both New York City and Virginia (the latter led first by turncoat Benedict Arnold, then by Brigadier William Phillips and eventually by Charles Cornwallis). Virginia was also seen as a potent threat that could be fought with naval assistance. These two options were dispatched to the Caribbean along with the requested pilots. Rochambeau, in a separate letter, urged de Grasse to come to the Chesapeake Bay for operations in Virginia. Following the Wethersfield conference, Rochambeau moved his army to White Plains, New York and placed his command under Washington.

text: De Grasse received these letters in July at roughly the same time Cornwallis was preparing to occupy Yorktown, Virginia. De Grasse concurred with Rochambeau and subsequently sent a dispatch indicating that he would reach the Chesapeake at the end of August but that agreements with the Spanish meant he could only stay until mid-October. The arrival of his dispatches prompted the Franco-American army to begin a march for Virginia. De Grasse reached the Chesapeake as planned and his troops were sent to assist Lafayette's army in the blockade of Cornwallis. A British fleet sent to confront de Grasse's control of the Chesapeake was defeated by the French on September 5 at the Battle of the Chesapeake and the Newport fleet delivered the French siege train to complete the allied military arrival. The Siege of Yorktown and following surrender by Cornwallis on October 19 were decisive in ending major hostilities in North America.[12]

text: Other theaters[edit]

text: Other important battles between the French and the British were spaced out around the globe, from the West Indies to India. France's navy at first dominated in the West Indies, capturing Dominica, Grenada, Saint Vincent, Montserrat, Tobago, and St. Kitts, but losing St. Lucia at the beginning of the war. A planned Franco-Spanish invasion of Jamaica was aborted after the decisive Battle of the Saintes in 1782. At the end of the war the French captured the Turks and Caicos Islands. In European waters, France and Spain joined forces with the entry of Spain into the war in 1779. An attempted invasion of Britain failed due to a variety of factors. French and Spanish forces besieged Gibraltar from 1779 to 1783, but were unsuccessful in either storming the site or preventing repeated British relief of its garrison. They were more successful in capturing Menorca in Europe and Demerara and Essequibo in South America in February 1782.

text: In India, British troops gained control of French outposts in 1778 and 1779, sparking the Kingdom of Mysore, a longtime French ally, to begin the Second Anglo-Mysore War. Allied with the French, the Mysoreans for a time threatened British positions on the east coast, but that war ended status quo ante bellum in 1784. A French fleet commanded by the Bailli de Suffren fought a series of largely inconclusive battles with a British fleet under Sir Edward Hughes, and the only major military land action, the 1783 Siege of Cuddalore, was cut short by news that a preliminary peace had been signed.

text: Because of decisive battles on American soil, the French were in a strong position during the peace negotiations in Paris.

text: Peace and consequences[edit]

text: Starting with the Siege of Yorktown, Benjamin Franklin never informed France of the secret negotiations that took place directly between Britain and the United States. Britain acknowledged that the United States owned all the land south of the Great Lakes and east of the Mississippi River, except for Florida (which went to Spain). However, since France was not included in the American-British peace discussions, the alliance between France and the U.S. was weakened. Thus the influence of France and Spain in future negotiations was limited.[13]

text: The war formally ended in September 1783 with the signing of the Treaty of Paris. France gained (or regained) territories in the Americas, Africa, and India. Losses in the 1763 Treaty of Paris and in the Treaty of Utrecht (1713) were in part regained: Tobago, Saint Lucia, the Senegal River area, as well as increased fishing rights in Terra Nova. Spain regained Florida and Menorca, but Gibraltar remained in the hands of the British.

text: Because the French involvement in the war was distant and naval in nature, over a billion livres tournois were spent by the French government to support the war effort. That sum was double the normal annual income of the French government, making the finances of the French state in disastrous shape. The heavy cost of servicing the debt, given the highly inefficient financial system, caused political instability in France. That instability was one of the immediate causes of the French Revolution of 1789.[14]

text: The war was especially important for the prestige and pride of France, who was reinstated in the role of European arbiter. However, Great Britain, not France, became the leading trading partner of the United States.[15] The French took pride in their cultural influence on the young country through the Enlightenment, as attested by Franklin and Jefferson, and as embodied in the Declaration of Independence in 1776 and the United States Constitution in 1787. In turn the Revolution influenced France.[16] Liberal elites were satisfied by the victory but there were also some major consequences. European conservative Royalists and nobility had become nervous, and began to take measures in order to secure their positions. On May 22, 1781, the Decree of Ségur closed the military post offices of the upper rank to the common persons, reserving those ranks exclusively for the nobility.

text: Financial aspects[edit]

text: In all the French spent 1.3 billion livres to support the Americans directly, in addition to the money it spent fighting Britain on land and sea outside the U.S.[17]

text: France's status as a great modern power was affirmed by the war, but it was detrimental to the country's finances. Even though France's European territories were not affected, victory in a war against Great Britain with battles like the decisive Siege of Yorktown in 1781 had a large financial cost which severely degraded fragile finances and increased the national debt.[18] France gained little except that it weakened its main strategic enemy and gained a new, fast-growing ally that could become a welcome trading partner. However, the trade never materialized, and in 1793 the United States proclaimed its neutrality in the war between Great Britain and the French Republic.

text: Most historians argue that France primarily sought revenge against Great Britain for the loss of territory in North America and India from the previous conflict. However, Jonathan R. Dull argued that France intervened because of dispassionate calculation, not because of Anglophobia or a desire to avenge the loss of Canada.[19]


document_title: Ancient Greek coinage

question_text: in 7th century bce which city made the first ever coin

text: Ancient Greek coinage

text: Weight standards and denominations[edit]

text: The three most important standards of the ancient Greek monetary system were the Attic standard, based on the Athenian drachma of 4.3 grams of silver and the Corinthian standard based on the stater of 8.6 grams of silver, that was subdivided into three silver drachmas of 2.9 grams, and the Aeginetan stater or didrachm of 12.2 grams, based on a drachma of 6.1 grams.[2] The word drachm(a) means "a handful", literally "a grasp".[1] Drachmae were divided into six obols (from the Greek word for a spit[3]), and six spits made a "handful". This suggests that before coinage came to be used in Greece, spits in prehistoric times were used as measures in daily transactions. In archaic/pre-numismatic times iron was valued for making durable tools and weapons, and its casting in spit form may have actually represented a form of transportable bullion, which eventually became bulky and inconvenient after the adoption of precious metals. Because of this very aspect, Spartan legislation famously forbade issuance of Spartan coin, and enforced the continued use of iron spits so as to discourage avarice and the hoarding of wealth. In addition to its original meaning (which also gave the euphemistic diminutive "obelisk", "little spit"), the word obol (ὀβολός, obolós, or ὀβελός, obelós) was retained as a Greek word for coins of small value, still used as such in Modern Greek slang (όβολα, óvola, "monies").

text: The obol was further subdivided into tetartemorioi (singular tetartemorion) which represented 1/4 of an obol, or 1/24 of a drachm. This coin (which was known to have been struck in Athens, Colophon, and several other cities) is mentioned by Aristotle as the smallest silver coin.[4]:237 Various multiples of this denomination were also struck, including the trihemitetartemorion (literally three half-tetartemorioi) valued at 3/8 of an obol.[4]:247

text:
Denominations of silver drachma

Image
Denomination
Value
Weight

Dekadrachm
10 drachmae
43 grams

Tetradrachm
4 drachmae
17.2 grams

Didrachm
2 drachmae
8.6 grams

Drachma
6 obols
4.3 grams

Tetrobol
4 obols
2.85 grams

Triobol (hemidrachm)
3 obols
2.15 grams

Diobol
2 obols
1.43 grams

Obol
4 tetartemorions
0.72 grams

Tritartemorion
3 tetartemorions
0.54 grams

Hemiobol
2 tetartemorions
0.36 grams

Trihemitartemorion
3/2 tetartemorions
0.27 grams

Tetartemorion
1/4 obol
0.18 grams

Hemitartemorion
½ tetartemorion
0.09 grams

tag: table

text: Archaic period[edit]

text: The first known coins were issued in either Lydia or Ionia in Asia Minor at some time before 600 BC, either by the non-Greek Lydians for their own use or perhaps because Greek mercenaries wanted to be paid in precious metal at the conclusion of their time of service, and wanted to have their payments marked in a way that would authenticate them. These coins were made of electrum, an alloy of gold and silver that was highly prized and abundant in that area. By the middle of the 6th century BC, technology had advanced, making the production of pure gold and silver coins simpler. Accordingly, King Croesus introduced a double metal standard that allowed for coins of pure gold and pure silver to be struck and traded in the marketplace.

text: The Greek world was divided into more than two thousand self-governing city-states (in Greek, poleis), and more than half of them issued their own coins. Some coins circulated widely beyond their polis, indicating that they were being used in inter-city trade; the first example appears to have been the silver stater or didrachm of Aegina that regularly turns up in hoards in Egypt and the Levant, places which were deficient in silver supply. As such coins circulated more widely, other cities began to mint coins to this "Aeginetan" weight standard of (6.1 grams to the drachm), other cities included their own symbols on the coins.

text: Athenian coins, however, were struck on the "Attic" standard, with a drachm equaling 4.3 grams of silver. Over time, Athens' plentiful supply of silver from the mines at Laurion and its increasing dominance in trade made this the pre-eminent standard. These coins, known as "owls" because of their central design feature, were also minted to an extremely tight standard of purity and weight. This contributed to their success as the premier trade coin of their era. Tetradrachms on this weight standard continued to be a widely used coin (often the most widely used) through the classical period. By the time of Alexander the Great and his Hellenistic successors, this large denomination was being regularly used to make large payments, or was often saved for hoarding.

text: Classical period[edit]

text: The Classical period saw Greek coinage reach a high level of technical and aesthetic quality. Larger cities now produced a range of fine silver and gold coins, most bearing a portrait of their patron god or goddess or a legendary hero on one side, and a symbol of the city on the other. Some coins employed a visual pun: some coins from Rhodes featured a rose, since the Greek word for rose is rhodon. The use of inscriptions on coins also began, usually the name of the issuing city.

text: The wealthy cities of Sicily produced some especially fine coins. The large silver decadrachm (10-drachm) coin from Syracuse is regarded by many collectors as the finest coin produced in the ancient world, perhaps ever. Syracusan issues were rather standard in their imprints, one side bearing the head of the nymph Arethusa and the other usually a victorious quadriga. The tyrants of Syracuse were fabulously rich, and part of their public relations policy was to fund quadrigas for the Olympic chariot race, a very expensive undertaking. As they were often able to finance more than one quadriga at a time, they were frequent victors in this highly prestigious event. Syracuse was one of the epicenters of numismatic art during the classical period. Led by the engravers Kimon and Euainetos, Syracuse produced some of the finest coin designs of antiquity.

text: Amongst the first centers to produce coins during the Greek colonization of mainland Southern Italy (Magna Graecia) were Paestum, Crotone, Sybaris, Caulonia, Metapontum, and Taranto. These ancient cities started producing coins from 550BC to 510BC.[5][6]

text: Hellenistic period[edit]

text: The Hellenistic period was characterized by the spread of Greek culture across a large part of the known world. Greek-speaking kingdoms were established in Egypt and Syria, and for a time also in Iran and as far east as what is now Afghanistan and northwestern India. Greek traders spread Greek coins across this vast area, and the new kingdoms soon began to produce their own coins. Because these kingdoms were much larger and wealthier than the Greek city states of the classical period, their coins tended to be more mass-produced, as well as larger, and more frequently in gold. They often lacked the aesthetic delicacy of coins of the earlier period.

text: Still, some of the Greco-Bactrian coins, and those of their successors in India, the Indo-Greeks, are considered the finest examples of Greek numismatic art with "a nice blend of realism and idealization", including the largest coins to be minted in the Hellenistic world: the largest gold coin was minted by Eucratides (reigned 171–145 BC), the largest silver coin by the Indo-Greek king Amyntas Nikator (reigned c. 95–90 BC). The portraits "show a degree of individuality never matched by the often bland depictions of their royal contemporaries further West" (Roger Ling, "Greece and the Hellenistic World").

text: The most striking new feature of Hellenistic coins was the use of portraits of living people, namely of the kings themselves. This practice had begun in Sicily, but was disapproved of by other Greeks as showing hubris (arrogance). But the kings of Ptolemaic Egypt and Seleucid Syria had no such scruples: having already awarded themselves with "divine" status, they issued magnificent gold coins adorned with their own portraits, with the symbols of their state on the reverse. The names of the kings were frequently inscribed on the coin as well. This established a pattern for coins which has persisted ever since: a portrait of the king, usually in profile and striking a heroic pose, on the obverse, with his name beside him, and a coat of arms or other symbol of state on the reverse.

text: Minting[edit]

text: All Greek coins were handmade, rather than machined as modern coins are. The design for the obverse was carved (in incuso) into a block of bronze or possibly iron, called a die. The design of the reverse was carved into a similar punch. A blank disk of gold, silver, or electrum was cast in a mold and then, placed between these two and the punch struck hard with a hammer, raising the design on both sides of the coin.[7]

text: Coins as a symbol of the city-state[edit]

text: Coins of Greek city-states depicted a unique symbol or feature, an early form of emblem, also known as badge in numismatics, that represented their city and promoted the prestige of their state. Corinthian stater for example depicted pegasus the mythological winged stallion, tamed by their hero Bellerophon. Coins of Ephesus depicted the bee sacred to Artemis. Drachmas of Athens depicted the owl of Athena. Drachmas of Aegina depicted a chelone. Coins of Selinunte depicted a "selinon" (σέλινον[8] - celery). Coins of Heraclea depicted Heracles. Coins of Gela depicted a man-headed bull, the personification of the river Gela. Coins of Rhodes depicted a "rhodon" (ῥόδον[9] - rose). Coins of Knossos depicted the labyrinth or the mythical creature minotaur, a symbol of the Minoan Crete. Coins of Melos depicted a "mēlon" (μήλον - apple). Coins of Thebes depicted a Boeotian shield.

text: Commemorative coins[edit]

text: The use of commemorative coins to celebrate a victory or an achievement of the state was a Greek invention. Coins are valuable, durable and pass through many hands. In an age without newspapers or other mass media, they were an ideal way of disseminating a political message. The first such coin was a commemorative decadrachm issued by Athens following the Greek victory in the Persian Wars. On these coins that were struck around 480 BC, the owl of Athens, the goddess Athena's sacred bird, was depicted facing the viewer with wings outstretched, holding a spray of olive leaves, the olive tree being Athena's sacred plant and also a symbol of peace and prosperity.[10]

text: Ancient Greek coins today[edit]

text: Collections of ancient Greek coins are held by museums around the world, of which the collections of the British Museum, the American Numismatic Society, and the Danish National Museum are considered to be the finest. The American Numismatic Society collection comprises some 100,000 ancient Greek coins from many regions and mints, from Spain and North Africa to Afghanistan. To varying degrees, these coins are available for study by academics and researchers.

text: There is also an active collector market for Greek coins. Several auction houses in Europe and the United States specialize in ancient coins (including Greek) and there is also a large on-line market for such coins.

text: Hoards of Greek coins are still being found in Europe, Middle East, and North Africa, and some of the coins in these hoards find their way onto the market. Due to the numbers in which they were produced, the durability of the metals, and the ancient practice of burying large numbers of coins to save them, coins are an ancient art within the reach of ordinary collectors.