document_title: List of Family Guy cast members

question_text: who does peter griffin voice on family guy

text: List of Family Guy cast members

text: Current cast[edit]

text: From seasons 1 to 4, Family Guy had four main cast members. Since season 5, there have been five main cast members. The casting of Meg Griffin changed after season 1.

text: Seth MacFarlane[edit]

text: Seth MacFarlane voices four of the show's main characters: Peter Griffin, Brian Griffin, Stewie Griffin, and Glenn Quagmire.[1] MacFarlane chose to voice these characters himself, believing it would be easier to portray the voices he had already envisioned than for someone else to attempt it.[2] MacFarlane drew inspiration for the voice of Peter from a security guard he overheard talking while attending the Rhode Island School of Design.[3] Stewie's voice was based on the voice of English actor Rex Harrison,[4] especially his performance in the 1964 musical drama film My Fair Lady.[5] MacFarlane uses his own voice while portraying Brian.[2]

text: MacFarlane also provides the voices for various other recurring and one-time only characters, most prominently those of news anchor Tom Tucker, Lois' father Carter Pewterschmidt and Dr. Hartman.[6] He is the only voice to be in every episode.

text: Alex Borstein[edit]

text: Alex Borstein voices Lois Griffin, Asian correspondent Tricia Takanawa, Loretta Brown and Lois' mother Barbara Pewterschmidt.[7] Borstein was asked to provide a voice for the pilot while she was working on MADtv. She had not met MacFarlane or seen any of his artwork and said it was "really sight unseen".[8] At the time, Borstein performed in a stage show in Los Angeles, in which she played a redhead mother whose voice she had based on one of her cousins.[7][8] The voice was originally slower (and deeper for the original series), but when MacFarlane heard it, he replied "Make it a little less fucking annoying ... and speed it up, or every episode will last four hours."[7]

text: Mila Kunis[edit]

text: Mila Kunis is the voice of the character named Meg Griffin.[6] Kunis won the role after auditions and a slight rewrite of the character, in part due to her performance on That '70s Show.[9] MacFarlane called Kunis back after her first audition, instructing her to speak slower, and then told her to come back another time and enunciate more. Once she claimed that she had it under control, MacFarlane hired her.[9] Kunis described her character as "the scapegoat". She further explained, "Meg gets picked on a lot. But it's funny. It's like the middle child. She is constantly in the state of being an awkward 14-year-old, when you're kind of going through puberty and what-not. She's just in a perpetual mode of humiliation. And it's fun."[10]

text: Seth Green[edit]

text: Seth Green primarily plays Chris Griffin and Neil Goldman.[6][11] Green stated that he did an impression of the "Buffalo Bill" character from the thriller film The Silence of the Lambs during his audition.[12] His main inspiration for Chris' voice came from envisioning how "Buffalo Bill" would sound if he were speaking through a public address system at a McDonald's.[13]

text: Mike Henry[edit]

text: Mike Henry is the voice of Cleveland Brown, John Herbert The Pervert and other various characters. A Family Guy writer and producer, he began acting on the show as part of the recurring cast repertory (see below) but was promoted to main cast member in 2005. Since the cancellation of The Cleveland Show, he also voices Cleveland's step-son Rallo Tubbs on Family Guy.

text: Recurring cast[edit]

text: In addition to both its main cast and guest stars, Family Guy utilizes a deep bench of regularly appearing supporting voice actors. Some appear in nearly every episode each season, while others appear less frequently. Some of these actors specifically play recurring characters, while others mainly play background citizens of Quahog or characters in cutaway gags.

text: The current supporting cast repertory includes the following actors:

text:
Actor
Character(s)
No. of Episodes
(Out of 245 produced)
Notes

Benjamin, H. JonH. Jon Benjamin
Carl
14
Since 2005

Breckenridge, AlexandraAlexandra Breckenridge
Various
57
Since 2005. Currently voices most female “extras” not voiced by Alex Borstein.

Brennan, JohnnyJohnny Brennan
Goldman, MortMort Goldman, Horace the bartender
77

Callaghan, SteveSteve Callaghan
Various
37
Also the current showrunner and executive producer of Family Guy and former showrunner/EP of American Dad!. [14]

Garman, RalphRalph Garman
Various
138

Lakin, ChristineChristine Lakin
Kinney, JoyceJoyce Kinney
23
Since 2010.

LaMarr, PhilPhil LaMarr
Williams, OllieOllie Williams and the Quahog judge
56

MacFarlane, RachaelRachael MacFarlane
Olivia and various women
54
Formerly one of the most frequent female voices. She reduced her number of appearances per season after joining American Dad! in 2005 but still appears several times per season. Seth MacFarlane's sister.

Osment, EmilyEmily Osment
Various
14
Since 2012.

Richardson, Kevin MichaelKevin Michael Richardson
Jerome and Cleveland Jr.
30
Since 2009.

Sheridan, ChrisChris Sheridan
Various
33
Also a Family Guy writer.

Smith, DannyDanny Smith
Various, including Evil Monkey, Al Harrington and Ernie, the Giant Chicken
189
Also a Family Guy writer.

Sulkin, AlecAlec Sulkin
Christ, JesusJesus Christ and various others
147
Also a Family Guy writer.

Tatasciore, FredFred Tatasciore
Various
36

Tilly, JenniferJennifer Tilly
Swanson, BonnieBonnie Swanson
42
Has recurred as the Griffin's neighbor since the first season.

Viener, JohnJohn Viener
Various
182
Since 2005, he has been one of the most frequently heard male voices aside from Seth MacFarlane. Also a Family Guy writer.

Warburton, PatrickPatrick Warburton
Swanson, JoeJoe Swanson
163
Has appeared as the Griffins' neighbor since the first season, and usually appears in most episodes each season. Warburton is the most frequently appearing one-character actor in the supporting repertory.

Wingert, WallyWally Wingert
Various
41

text: In addition to the above, the following actors were formerly regularly recurring voice actors in the series:

text:
Actor
Character(s)
No. of Episodes
Notes

Alan, LoriLori Alan
Simmons, DianeDiane Simmons
63
Left the show in season nine when her character was killed off. Was replaced in the series' context by Christine Lakin's Joyce Kinney

Alazraqui, CarlosCarlos Alazraqui
Weed, Mr.Mr. Weed
10
Peter's first boss, Mr. Weed, was killed off early in the series' run.

Barrymore, DrewDrew Barrymore
Russell, JillianJillian Russell
12
Played Jillian, Brian's former girlfriend. The character still appears in background roles

Cole, GaryGary Cole
Various
38
Cole appeared frequently in the earlier seasons, but still pops up now and then to play Meg and Chris' principal, Mr. Shepherd.

Hartman, ButchButch Hartman
Various
8

Henry, MikeMike Henry
Cleveland Brown, Herbert, Bruce, Consuela, and various others

Was promoted to main cast in 2005. Also a Family Guy writer.

Hentemann, MarkMark Hentemann
Opie and various others
45
Recently left Family Guy to work on another Seth MacFarlane project. Also a Family Guy writer.

Fisher, CarrieCarrie Fisher
Angela
19
Has recurred as Peter's boss several times per season since 2005. Died in 2016.

Strong, TaraTara Strong
Various, as well as Meg's singing voice
21
Appeared frequently in the first four seasons. Returned briefly in 2010-2011 and again for one episode in 2014.

Sullivan, NicoleNicole Sullivan
Goldman, MurielMuriel Goldman
27
Muriel was killed off in season nine.

Whitman, MaeMae Whitman
Various
10
Was a recurring younger female voice for several seasons between 2007-2010.

Wild, WellesleyWellesley Wild
Various
14
No longer a recurring voice (since 2013). He was a producer, but left the show.

Wilhoit, LisaLisa Wilhoit
D'Amico, ConnieConnie D'Amico
15
Meg's bully Connie has not appeared in the series since 2013.

West, AdamAdam West
Mayor West, AdamAdam West
93
Played a warped version of himself as the mayor of Quahog. Died in 2017.

text: Recurring guest voices[edit]

text: The recurring guest voices include Adam Carolla as Death, Patrick Stewart as Susie Swanson, Scott Grimes as Kevin Swanson and Sanaa Lathan as Donna Tubbs Brown. Previous recurring guests included Phyllis Diller in three episodes as Peter's Mother, Thelma, and Charles Durning as Peter's father, Francis. Both characters have since died, but Durning returned once to play Francis as a ghost. Early in the show's run, Fred Willard and Jane Lynch had a recurring role as a family of nudists. James Woods as James Woods.

text: Casting changes[edit]

text:
Lacey Chabert voiced Meg for the first production season (14 episodes), but, because of a contractual agreement, was never credited.[15] Chabert left the series due to time constraints with her acting role in Party of Five, as well as schoolwork.[16]
Norm Macdonald voiced the character of Death in a second season episode of Family Guy. He was subsequently replaced by Adam Carolla in all other appearances.
Jon Cryer originally voiced Kevin Swanson in his first appearance, before the role was passed temporarily onto Seth MacFarlane. The character was written out of the series for several years, with Scott Grimes taking over the voice when the character returned.
Fairuza Balk was the original voice of high school bully Connie D'Amico until Lisa Wilhoit took over the character in the third season.

text: Awards and nominations[edit]

text:
Year
Actor
Award
Category
Role
Result
Ref.

2000
Seth MacFarlane
Primetime Emmy Award
Outstanding Voice-Over Performance
Stewie Griffin
Won
[17]

2009
Seth MacFarlane
Primetime Emmy Award
Outstanding Voice-Over Performance
Peter Griffin
Won
[18]

2006
Seth MacFarlane
Annie Award
Best Voice Acting in an Animated Television Production
Stewie Griffin
Won
[19]

2007
Mila Kunis
Annie Award
Voice Acting in an Animated Television Production
Meg Griffin
Won
[20]


document_title: Show Boat (1951 film)

question_text: who sang ava gardner's part in showboat

question_tokens: who sang ava gardner 's part in showboat

root

text: Show Boat (1951 film)

text: Plot[edit]

text: The basic plot remains the same as in the stage play and the 1936 film version. When the Cotton Blossom, Cap'n Andy Hawks's show boat, arrives in a Mississippi town to give a performance, a fistfight breaks out between leading man Steve Baker (Robert Sterling) and Pete (Leif Erickson), the boat's engineer who has been making passes at Steve's wife, leading lady Julie La Verne (Ava Gardner). Cap'n Andy (Joe E. Brown) pretends to the assembled crowd that the two were really previewing a scene from one of the boat's melodramas. But Pete knows a dark secret about Julie, and he runs off to tell the local sheriff.

tag: p

text: Riverboat gambler Gaylord Ravenal (Howard Keel) has gambled away a boat ticket, so he drops by the Cotton Blossom pretending to be an actor so that he can get passage on the boat, but is rejected. However, he meets Magnolia (Kathryn Grayson), the captain's 18-year-old daughter, and the two are instantly smitten.

text: That night, during the performance of an olio on the show boat, Pete shows up with the town sheriff (Regis Toomey). But when Julie and Steve hear that the sheriff is coming to arrest them, Steve takes a sewing pin, pricks Julie's finger, and sucks blood from it. The Sheriff enters and announces that there is a case of miscegenation on board, a negro woman married to a white man, which is illegal. Julie is the woman, and Steve is the man. Julie admits that she is part negro, but Steve, having sucked some of Julie's blood, tells a misleading truth by stating that he also has negro blood in him. Pete is fired by Cap'n Andy. However, Julie and Steve must still leave the acting company—blacks were not allowed onstage alongside whites in the 1880s.

text: After Magnolia, who is Julie's best friend, tearfully says goodbye to her, she and Steve leave the company. Ravenal shows up and offers help. This time, Cap'n Andy takes him on, makes him the acting company's new leading man, and makes Magnolia the new leading lady, over the strong objections of his wife Parthy (Agnes Moorehead), who is also Magnolia's mother. Within a matter of weeks, Magnolia and Ravenal are a hit on the river and have fallen in love. They become engaged, marry (in this version, the wedding celebration is not shown), and move to Chicago, where they live off Ravenal's gambling winnings. A year passes and Ravenal loses all his money gambling. After he goes broke, Magnolia (unlike in the stage original and the 1936 film) tells him off for being so obsessed with gambling. Feeling guilty after Magnolia's tirade, Ravenal walks out on her.

text: Ellie Shipley and Frank Schultz (Marge and Gower Champion), the dance team on the show boat, suddenly show up in Chicago, having also left the boat and been booked into a nightclub called the Trocadero. They take Magnolia to audition there, but before she arrives, we see that the club already has a singer. It is Julie, who has become a hopeless alcoholic now that Steve has left her. From her dressing room, she overhears Magnolia audition, learns from the nightclub manager that Ravenal deserted her, and silently quits so that he will have no choice but to hire Magnolia. On the night of her debut, Cap'n Andy arrives to visit and ends up at the nightclub, where he gives Magnolia confidence after she experiences stage fright. Here, the plot changes drastically from the stage original and the 1936 film: Magnolia not only tells Cap'n Andy what has happened, but reveals that she is pregnant with Ravenal's child. She did not have the heart to tell Ravenal because of their financial situation, and she returns to the show boat with Cap'n Andy, where she gives birth to a daughter, Kim.

text: About five years pass. Ravenal is gambling on board a packet boat, on which a drunken Julie is trying to sing. After punching her escort because he slapped Julie, Ravenal goes out on deck. Julie, who has been keeping track of Magnolia, finds out who Ravenal is, and not realizing that he knew nothing of Magnolia's pregnancy, tells him off. Ravenal is overcome with guilt and returns to the show boat the next day, where he meets his little daughter Kim (Sheila Clark) for the first time and returns to Magnolia, with whom he is reconciled.

text: As Ravenal and Magnolia walk back onto the boat, the stevedore Joe begins his reprise of "Ol' Man River" and Cap'n Andy and Parthy embrace. On the dock Julie emerges out of the shadows, and blows a kiss towards Magnolia as the ship sails to its next destination.

text: Adaptation[edit]

text: This section possibly contains original research. Please improve it by verifying the claims made and adding inline citations. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed. (July 2012) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

tag: table

text: For the 1951 Show Boat, Oscar Hammerstein II's dialogue was almost completely thrown out and new dialogue written by John Lee Mahin. The only two scenes to retain more than a tiny bit of Hammerstein's dialogue were the early scene in which Cap'n Andy introduces the show boat actors to the crowd, and the miscegenation scene, in which Julie (Ava Gardner) is revealed to be of mixed blood and therefore illegally married to a white man.

text: The story was given a major overhaul near the end of the film and the changes are considered to make this version of the story quite distinct from other versions. Changes included keeping the characters of Magnolia and Gaylord significantly younger at the end than in the play, and the expansion of the role of Julie to give her character greater depth. In all stage productions as well as the 1936 film version, Julie disappears completely from the story after overhearing Magnolia audition at the Trocadero nightclub in Chicago. In the 1951 version, Julie is the one who motivates Ravenal to return to Magnolia, and she is also the very last character we see: she is shown watching the show boat as it pulls away from the dock, with Magnolia and Ravenal onboard and back together; they are unaware of her presence on the dock, and she blows them a kiss. Kim (Magnolia and Ravenal's daughter) appears only as a baby and a little girl in this version.

text: Nearly all of the purely comic scenes, retained in the 1936 film version, were removed in the 1951 film, as much of the comedy in the show has no direct bearing on the plot. According to William Bayer's book The Great Movies, producer Arthur Freed maintained a strict policy of removing everything in the musicals that he produced if it did not advance the storyline. Two additional comic moments not in the show, both involving the African-American characters Joe and Queenie, had been added to the 1936 film and might be considered politically incorrect today. They were not used in the 1951 film. This pruning left Joe E. Brown (as Cap'n Andy) and Agnes Moorehead (as Parthy) with far less to do than they would otherwise have had, and turned the characters of Frank and Ellie (played by Gower and Marge Champion) into a relatively serious song-and-dance team rather than a comic team who happened to dance. Frank and Ellie, rather than being portrayed as unsophisticated, barely talented "hoofers" as in the show, were made into a rather debonair, sophisticated, and extremely talented couple in the style of Fred Astaire and Ginger Rogers.

text: The role of ship's pilot Windy McClain, already brief to begin with, was reduced to just three lines in the film. (In the 1951 Show Boat, it is Magnolia, not Windy, who defends Julie and her husband Steve when the sheriff arrives to arrest them.)

text: The character "Rubber Face" Smith, a comic stagehand, was eliminated from the 1951 film.

text: The role of Sheriff Ike Vallon, already a small one, is even further reduced. In the 1951 film, he appears only in the miscegenation sequence, while in the original stage production, and especially in the 1936 film, he appears several times: he is among the crowd at the beginning when Cap'n Andy introduces his troupe of actors to them, he returns to escort Ravenal to see the town judge, he is seen relaxing inside a saloon where he is informed of Julie's mixed blood, he appears during the miscegenation sequence when he tries to arrest Julie and Steve, and he appears again when Parthy tries to stop the wedding of her daughter Magnolia to Ravenal.

text: The version of "Ol' Man River" heard here, and sung by William Warfield, is considered by film historians to be by far the best moment, both musically and pictorially, in the film. Musical theatre historian Miles Kreuger, who had many harsh words for the 1951 Show Boat in his 1977 book Show Boat: The History of a Classic American Musical nevertheless had nothing but high praise for this sequence. It was staged and directed by an uncredited Roger Edens during an illness of George Sidney, who directed the rest of the film. However, the "Ol' Man River" sequence in the 1936 film version, with its tracking pan around the seated, singing figure of Paul Robeson, and its expressionistic montages of field and dock workers performing their tasks, is perhaps even more highly regarded.

text: According to Kreuger, one glaringly unrealistic aspect of the 1951 film was the designing of the show boat itself as a huge, luxurious paddlewheeler with giant twin smokestacks. Real showboats were simply rectangular-shaped structures that could not move under their own power, and were pushed along by the misleadingly named towboats which were fastened to the back of the crafts. Krueger stated in his book that a nineteenth-century show boat, if designed as a paddlewheeler, would need to have placed its furnace in the middle of its auditorium.

text: The aspects of the original stage version dealing with racial inequality, especially the story line concerning miscegenation, were highly "sanitized" and deemphasized in the 1951 film, although the interracial subplot was retained:

text:
During the miscegenation scene (in which Julie's husband is supposed to suck blood from her hand so that he can truthfully claim that he has "Negro" blood in him), he is seen pricking her finger with what looks like a sewing pin, rather than using an ominous-looking switchblade, as in the play and the 1936 film, to cut her hand with.
The role of Queenie, the black cook (an uncredited Frances E. Williams), has been reduced to literally a bit part, and she practically disappears from the story after the first ten minutes, unlike the character in all stage versions and Hattie McDaniel in the 1936 film version. The role of Joe the stevedore (played by the then-unknown William Warfield) is also substantially reduced in the 1951 film, especially in comparison to Paul Robeson, whose screen time playing the same role in the 1936 film had been markedly increased because he was by that time a major star.
In the 1936 version of Show Boat, as well as the stage version, Queenie remarks that it is strange to hear Julie singing "Can't Help Lovin' Dat Man" because only black people know the song, thereby foreshadowing the revelation of Julie's mixed blood. This remark is completely left out of the MGM version, as is the term "colored folks", which Queenie uses.
Some of the more controversial lines of the song "Ol' Man River" (one of them being "Don't look up and don't look down; you don't dast make the white boss frown") are no longer heard, and Queenie and Joe do not sing their section of "Can't Help Lovin' Dat Man", as they do in all stage versions and in the 1936 film.
There is no African-American chorus in the 1951 version, and the levee workers are not seen nearly as much in the 1951 film as in the 1936 one. An offscreen, "disembodied" chorus is heard during "Ol' Man River", instead of the usual group of dock workers who are supposed to accompany stevedore Joe in the song. The same type of chorus is heard later in a choral reprise of "Make Believe", accompanying a montage which shows the increasing success of Magnolia and Ravenal as actors on the boat, and again at the end of the movie, in Warfield's final reprise of "Ol' Man River".

tag: ul

text: The film also somewhat sanitized the character of Gaylord Ravenal, the riverboat gambler. In the Ferber novel, the original show, and the 1936 film, Ravenal can stay in town for only 24 hours because he once killed a man in self-defense—this is the reason that Vallon takes him to see the town judge, and the reason that Ravenal asks for passage on the show boat. This point was eliminated from the 1951 film, and the reason that Ravenal asks if the show boat will take him on is that he has lost his boat ticket through gambling. In the 1951 film, when Ravenal deserts Magnolia, he does not know she is pregnant, and returns when he finds out that she has had a child, while in the Ferber novel, the original show, the 1929 part-talkie film, and the 1936 film, he not only knows that she has had a baby, but deserts her several years after the baby has been born, knowing that she will probably have to raise the child alone.

text: The 1951 movie is also extremely glossy, smoothing over the poverty depicted more tellingly in the 1936 version, and despite some (brief) actual location shooting (primarily in the shots of townspeople reacting to the show boat's arrival), the film does not give a very strong feeling of authenticity. The arrival of the boat was achieved by blending backlot footage showing the boat pulling in with location shots of crowds running along the bank of the real Mississippi River. (For backlot shooting, the lake used in filming MGM's Tarzan films stood in for the Mississippi River, while the real Mississippi was seen during the film's opening credits and in the shots of the crowd running toward the river. The show boat itself was never on the real Mississippi, and "Ol' Man River" was shot entirely in the studio backlot.) Lena Horne was originally to have played Julie (after Dinah Shore and Judy Garland were passed over) as she had in the brief segment of the play featured in the 1946 Jerome Kern biopic Till the Clouds Roll By. But studio executives were nervous about casting a glamorous black actress in one of the lead roles, so Gardner was chosen instead. After some unfavorable sneak previews using her real voice in her songs, Gardner's singing voice was dubbed by vocalist Annette Warren; her original rendition of one of the musical numbers appeared in the compilation film That's Entertainment! III and is considered by some to be superior to the version used in the film. Gardner's vocals were included on the soundtrack album for the movie, and in an autobiography written not long before her death, Gardner reported she was still receiving royalties from the release.

text: Eleven numbers from the stage score were sung in this film. As in all productions of the musical, the song "After the Ball" was again interpolated into the story, but "Goodbye My Lady Love", another regular interpolation into the show, was omitted from this film version. Although the songs "Why Do I Love You?" and "Life Upon the Wicked Stage" were actually performed in the 1951 film after having been heard only instrumentally in the 1936 film, there were still several major musical differences from the original play in this Technicolor version:

text:
The opening song, "Cotton Blossom", rather than being sung by the black chorus and by the townspeople who witness the show boat's arrival, was sung by a group of singers and dancers in flashy costumes dancing out of the boat. This required the omission of half the song, plus a small change in the song's remaining lyrics.
"Ol' Man River", instead of being sung just a few minutes after "Make Believe", was moved to a later scene taking place in the pre-dawn early morning, in which Joe sadly watches Julie and her husband leave the boat because of their interracial marriage. Thus, the song became Joe's reaction to this event. In the 1951 version, it is sung only twice, rather than being sung complete once and then partially reprised several times throughout the story, as in the play and the 1936 film.
Because of the reduction of both Joe and Queenie's roles, as well as the absence of an African-American chorus, "Can't Help Lovin' Dat Man" became a song for only Julie and Magnolia, while the deckhands relaxing on the boat provided their own instrumental accompaniment, but did not sing.
"Life Upon the Wicked Stage", rather than being sung by Ellie to a group of worshipful fans curious about stage life, was moved to the New Year's Eve scene at the Trocadero nightclub, to be sung and danced by Ellie and Frank in the spot in which the two are originally supposed to sing "Goodbye My Lady Love".
The little-known song "I Might Fall Back On You", another duet for Ellie and Frank, was sung as a number on the stage of the show boat, instead of as a "character song" for the two to sing outside the box office, as originally written.
Another little-known song, "C'mon Folks", originally sung by Queenie in the stage version in order to get the dock workers and their girlfriends to buy tickets to the play being presented on the boat, was turned into instrumental music for acrobats, seen in the background while Cap'n Andy chats with the three "cuties" that have accompanied him to the Trocadero New Year's Eve celebration.
"Make Believe" is reprised by Ravenal when he returns at the end, rather than when he is saying farewell to his daughter just before he deserts her and Magnolia.
The "Cakewalk", usually performed at the end of Act I by the black workers and the townspeople as part of the wedding ceremony, was instead performed twice in this film—once by Frank and Ellie on the show boat's stage while the "miscegenation sequence" is taking place backstage, and near the end of the film as a dance on that same stage for Cap'n Andy and his four-year-old granddaughter, Kim Ravenal.

text: The three additional songs that Kern and Hammerstein wrote especially for the 1936 film version were not used in the 1951 film.

text: Cast[edit]

text: (credited cast only)

text:
Kathryn Grayson as Magnolia Hawks
Ava Gardner as Julie LaVerne (singing voice dubbed by Annette Warren)
Howard Keel as Gaylord Ravenal
Joe E. Brown as Cap'n Andy Hawks
Marge Champion as Ellie Mae Shipley
Gower Champion as Frank Shultz
Robert Sterling as Steve Baker
Agnes Moorehead as Parthy Hawks
Leif Erickson as Pete
William Warfield as Joe

text: Sheila Clark, who played Kim,[2] Frances E. Williams, who played Queenie,[2] Regis Toomey, who played the Sheriff,[2] Emory Parnell, who played the Trocadero nightclub manager,[2] and Owen McGiveney, who played Windy,[2] were not billed either in the film or in poster advertising for it.[3]

text: Reception[edit]

text: The film was a commercial success. During its initial theatrical run it earned $5,293,000 in the US and Canada and $2,328,000 in the rest of the world, resulting in a profit of $2,337,000.[1]

text: Television[edit]

text: The film was first telecast on January 3, 1972, on The NBC Monday Movie. This marked the first time any production of Show Boat was telecast, with the exception of an experimental telecast in 1931 of a scene from the 1929 film version. NBC repeated the film on Saturday June 17, 1972. Several years later, the film went to CBS, where it appeared twice as a holiday offering on The CBS Late Movie. From there the film went to local stations and then to cable.

text: Radio adaptation[edit]

text: Show Boat was presented on Lux Radio Theatre on February 11, 1952. The one-hour adaptation starred Ava Gardner, Kathryn Grayson, Howard Keel, William Warfield, Marge Champion and Gower Champion.[4]

text: Numbers[edit]

text: (songs and incidental music)

text:
Main Title — MGM Studio Orchestra and Chorus ("Cotton Blossom" and an instrumental version of "Make Believe")
"Cotton Blossom" — Cotton Blossom Singers and Dancers
"Capt' Andy's Ballyhoo" — danced by Marge and Gower Champion (MGM Studio Orchestra)
"Where's the Mate for Me" — Howard Keel
"Make Believe" — Kathryn Grayson / Howard Keel
"Can't Help Lovin' Dat Man" — Ava Gardner
"Can't Help Lovin' Dat Man" (Reprise #1) — Kathryn Grayson / Ava Gardner
"I Might Fall Back On You" — Marge and Gower Champion
Julie Leaves the Boat ("Mis'ry's Comin' Round" — partial) - MGM Studio Orchestra and Chorus
"Ol' Man River" — William Warfield and MGM chorus
Montage sequence ("Make Believe") — MGM Studio Orchestra and Chorus
"You Are Love" — Kathryn Grayson / Howard Keel
"Why Do I Love You" — Kathryn Grayson / Howard Keel
"Bill" — Ava Gardner
"Can't Help Lovin' Dat Man" (Reprise #2) — Kathryn Grayson
"Life Upon the Wicked Stage" — Marge and Gower Champion
"After the Ball" — Kathryn Grayson
"Cakewalk" — danced by Joe E. Brown and Sheila Clark (MGM Studio Orchestra)
"Can't Help Lovin' Dat Man" — (partial reprise by Ava Gardner, using her real singing voice)
"Make Believe" (Reprise) — Howard Keel
Finale: "Ol' Man River" (Reprise) — William Warfield / MGM Chorus

text: Rhino Music soundtrack album listing

text: Awards and honors[edit]

text:
Awards

Award
Date of ceremony
Category
Recipients and nominees
Result

Academy Awards
March 20, 1952
Best Cinematography, Color
Charles Rosher
Nominated

Best Music, Scoring of a Musical Picture
Conrad Salinger and Adolph Deutsch
Nominated

text: The film is recognized by American Film Institute in these lists:

text:
2004: AFI's 100 Years...100 Songs:

"Make Believe" – Nominated[5]

2006: AFI's Greatest Movie Musicals – Nominated[6]

text: Home media[edit]

text: As of 2014, this and the 1936 version are the only film versions of Show Boat to have been officially released on DVD. Warner Home Video, which owns the rights to all three film versions of Show Boat, said it would release in 2007 a three-disc DVD release of all three film versions, but this still has not come to pass as of June 2016.[7] A three-film laserdisc version was released by MGM/UA, while the 1936 film was released on Laserdisc through The Criterion Collection.[8]


document_title: Crisis on Earth-X

question_text: how many episodes are in crisis on earth x

text: Crisis on Earth-X

text: Plot[edit]

text: In the parallel world of Earth-X, a Nazi regime rules the planet, where an archer known as Dark Arrow is the Führer. Dark Arrow seizes a temporal gateway from the Freedom Fighters, which enables interdimensional travel to other universes. On Earth-1, Barry Allen and Iris West's friends, including Kara Danvers and her adoptive sister Alex from Earth-38, come to Central City for Allen and West's wedding. Harry Wells, Cisco Ramon, and Caitlin Snow develop a serum to separate the Firestorm matrix from Martin Stein and Jefferson Jackson. However, Jefferson is reluctant to give up being Firestorm. Oliver Queen re-proposes to Felicity Smoak, but she is not ready to marry him. The wedding ceremony is interrupted by invaders from Earth-X led by Dark Arrow, his Kryptonian wife Overgirl, and Prometheus. After Kara injures Overgirl, and Alex and Sara Lance capture Prometheus during the fight, the Nazis retreat. Dark Arrow, who is Oliver's doppelgänger, and Overgirl, who is Kara's doppelgänger, unmask themselves as they discuss their next step with the yellow speedster, Eobard Thawne (Reverse-Flash), Barry's nemesis, who was previously presumed dead.

text: In S.T.A.R. Labs, Prometheus reveals himself as Tommy Merlyn's Earth-X doppelgänger, then commits suicide by cyanide pill out of loyalty to the Nazi regime after taunting Oliver. Harry reveals that through his exploration of the multiverse, he discovered that Earth-X is a dystopian world where World War II was not won by the Allied Forces. Dark Arrow, Overgirl, and Thawne steal an experimental sub-light generator, the Prism, from a research company. Oliver's team, along with Harry, Caitlin, Cisco, and Mick Rory, are in captivity at S.T.A.R. Labs after the Nazi forces occupy it. Oliver, Barry, Sara, Martin, Jefferson, and Alex are abducted to a concentration camp on Earth-X, while Kara is moved to S.T.A.R. Labs. Overgirl is dying from disproportionate insolation in her heart and Dark Arrow plans to use the Prism, powered by S.T.A.R. Labs' particle accelerator, to create artificial red sunlight that can weaken both Karas' invulnerability, allowing a heart transplant from Kara to Overgirl.

text: In the concentration camp, the heroes are rescued from execution at the hands of SS-Sturmbannführer Quentin Lance (Quentin Lance's Earth-X doppelgänger) by Ray Terrill and Leo Snart (Leonard Snart's Earth-X doppelgänger). Thawne prepares to operate on both Overgirl and Kara, and Iris and Felicity work to rescue their friends at S.T.A.R. Labs. General Winn Schott (Winn Schott's Earth-X doppelgänger), the commander of the Freedom Fighters, is determined to strand Dark Arrow and Overgirl on Earth-1 by destroying their temporal gateway. While posing as Dark Arrow, Oliver discovers the Nazis' doomsday device, a timeship called Wellenreiter, a militarized equivalent of the Legends' Waverider. Oliver allows the timeship to enter Earth-1 to avoid jeopardizing his cover, but he is ultimately exposed when he refuses to kill Felicity's Earth-X doppelgänger, a concentration camp prisoner. The heroes struggle against both the Freedom Fighters' Red Tornado, deployed by Schott as a failsafe, and the Nazi forces, and the gateway's portal is opened at the cost of Martin being mortally wounded.

text: The heroes make it back to Earth-1, and Iris, Felicity, Kara, and the others are rescued by the returned heroes and the Waverider crew. Jefferson is also affected by Martin's injury, so Martin uses the serum to separate the Firestorm matrix and dies from his wounds. His death spurs Oliver to declare war on Earth-X's Nazi forces. Jefferson tells Martin's family of his fate; they, along with the Legends and Barry's team are devastated by Martin's death. When the Nazis attack Central City, the heroes counter their assault. Harry, who pilots the Waverider, destroys the Wellenreiter after the heroes disable its shield. Barry spares Thawne, resuming their feud. During the fight with Kara, Overgirl's solar radiation goes nuclear and Kara carries her into space, where Overgirl explodes. Oliver kills Dark Arrow while the latter is in shock over his wife's death. After Martin's funeral, Kara and Alex return to Earth-38, Ray returns to Earth-X after he establishes contact with Earth-1, and Leo decides to remain on Earth-1 for the meantime and joins the Legends. John Diggle, an ordained minister, officiates Barry and Oliver's weddings with Iris and Felicity, respectively.

text: Cast and characters[edit]

text: Main and recurring[edit]

text:
Actor

Character

Episode

Supergirl

Arrow

The Flash

Legends of Tomorrow

Melissa Benoist[1][2]

Kara Zor-El / Kara Danvers / Supergirl

Main

Guest

Kara Zor-El / Overgirl (Earth-X)

Guest

Mehcad Brooks

Guardian (Earth-X)

Main

Does not appear

Chyler Leigh[1]

Alex Danvers

Main

Guest

Jeremy Jordan[2]

Winn Schott

Main

Does not appear

Winn Schott (Earth-X)

Does not appear

Guest

Does not appear

Chris Wood

Mon-El

Main

Does not appear

David Harewood

J'onn J'onzz / Martian Manhunter

Main

Does not appear

Stephen Amell[1][2]

Oliver Queen / Green Arrow

Guest

Main

Guest

Oliver Queen / Dark Arrow (Earth-X)

Guest

Victor Garber[2]

Martin Stein / Firestorm

Guest

Main

Emily Bett Rickards[1]

Felicity Smoak / Overwatch

Guest

Main

Guest

Felicity Smoak (Earth-X)

Does not appear

Guest

Does not appear

Caity Lotz[1]

Sara Lance / White Canary

Guest

Main

Tom Cavanagh[2]

Harrison "Harry" Wells

Guest

Main

Guest

Eobard Thawne / Reverse-Flash

Guest

Dominic Purcell[2]

Mick Rory / Heat Wave

Guest

Does not appear

Main

Candice Patton[1]

Iris West

Guest

Main

Guest

Franz Drameh[2]

Jefferson Jackson / Firestorm

Guest

Main

Danielle Panabaker[2]

Caitlin Snow / Killer Frost

Guest

Main

Guest

Carlos Valdes[2]

Cisco Ramon / Vibe

Guest

Does not appear

Main

Guest

Grant Gustin[1]

Barry Allen / Flash

Guest

Main

Guest

Christina Brucato

Lily Stein

Guest

Does not appear

Guest

Isabella Hofmann

Clarissa Stein

Guest

Does not appear

Guest

Echo Kellum[2]

Curtis Holt / Mister Terrific

Does not appear

Main

Does not appear

Guest

Rick Gonzalez[2]

Rene Ramirez / Wild Dog

Does not appear

Main

Does not appear

Guest

Juliana Harkavy[2]

Dinah Drake / Black Canary

Does not appear

Main

Guest

Frederick Schmidt

Metallo (Earth-X)[3]

Does not appear

(non-speaking appearance)

Co-star

(non-speaking appearance)

Wentworth Miller[1][2]

Leonard "Leo" Snart / Citizen Cold (Earth-X)

Does not appear

Guest

Russell Tovey[4]

Ray Terrill / The Ray

Does not appear

Guest

Special Effect

Red Tornado (Earth-X)[3]

Does not appear

Guest

Brandon Routh[2]

Ray Palmer / Atom

Does not appear

Main

Maisie Richardson-Sellers[2]

Amaya Jiwe / Vixen

Does not appear

Main

Amy Louise Pemberton

Gideon

Does not appear

Main

Tala Ashe[2]

Zari Tomaz

Does not appear

Main

Nick Zano[2]

Nate Heywood / Steel

Does not appear

Main

text: ^ Note: Despite being credited, Katie McGrath and Odette Annable do not appear in the Supergirl episode; David Ramsey, Willa Holland, Katie Cassidy and Paul Blackthorne do not appear in the Arrow episode; and Jesse L. Martin does not appear in The Flash episode.

text: Guest[edit]

text: Supergirl[edit]

text:
Jesse L. Martin as Joe West[2]
Keiynan Lonsdale as Wally West / Kid Flash[2]
Jessica Parker Kennedy as a caterer[5]
Danielle Nicolet as Cecile Horton[2]
Patrick Sabongui as David Singh[2]
William Katt as a minister

text: Arrow[edit]

text: Colin Donnell as Tommy Merlyn / Prometheus (Earth-X)[6]

text: The Flash[edit]

text: Paul Blackthorne as SS Sturmbannführer Quentin Lance (Earth-X)

text: Legends of Tomorrow[edit]

text:
David Ramsey as John Diggle
Susanna Thompson voices the timeship Wellenreiter's A.I.[7]

text: Production[edit]

text: Development[edit]

text: Yearly crossover events in the Arrowverse have occurred on The CW since the 2013–14 television season, when Barry Allen was introduced in the eighth episode of Arrow's second season ahead of the debut of The Flash. The next year, the eighth episodes of the third season of Arrow and the first season of The Flash formed a two-part event known as "Flash vs. Arrow". In January 2015, The CW president Mark Pedowitz said that there would be an Arrowverse crossover every season.[8] In the 2015–16 television season, a two-part event between the eighth episodes of the fourth season of Arrow and the second season of The Flash was used to set up a new team-up series, Legends of Tomorrow.[9] For the 2016–17 television season, the "Invasion!" crossover included The Flash, Arrow, and Legends of Tomorrow, with the event beginning at the end of Supergirl.[10][11][12]

text: Planning for the crossover began in December 2016, with Arrow showrunner Wendy Mericle saying, "We actually sort of do, believe it or not, have a concept for what we want to do for next year's crossover. It's crazy."[13] By February 2017, planning began for a true four-way series crossover. Because each series was renewed for an additional season, the producers could plan production schedules to incorporate the crossover. Executive producer Andrew Kreisberg said, "One of the big things we learned from ["Heroes Join Forces"], which made ["Invasion!"] slightly easier, was building in shut-down days, where shows just went dark. The single hardest factor in doing the crossovers is actors' availability because the shows keep going on. You're basically juggling four shows' worth of schedules."[14] That May, Pedowitz confirmed that there were no plans to incorporate Black Lightning in the crossover, as it was not part of the Arrowverse at that time and was scheduled to debut in the middle of the 2017–18 television season.[15]

text: In September 2017, it was revealed that the title of the crossover would be "Crisis on Earth-X" and that Ray Terrill  (The Ray) would make his live-action debut in the Arrowverse, ahead of appearing in the animated web series, Freedom Fighters: The Ray, along with other characters and concepts from that series.[16] Russell Tovey also voices the character in Freedom Fighters.[4]

text: Writing[edit]

text: In June 2017, executive producer Marc Guggenheim noted that it would be hard to top "Invasion!"'s threat of aliens, so this crossover would aim to "increase the emotional stakes and the emotional payoffs".[17] The following month, Mericle added that the crossover would be "very much rooted in the DCU."[18] At the Television Critics Association press tour in August 2017, Pedowitz said that the crossover would involve romance, with Berlanti adding, "our way of making the show bigger this year was to go even more personal, so it's a big life event for a few different people on the show. There are many life events that happen."[19] In September 2017, in a statement revealing the crossover's title, Guggenheim and Kreisberg said that the crossover was conceived "to be evocative of the annual Justice League/Justice Society [comic book series] crossovers we grew up with and looked forward to as kids."[16] The story of the crossover was conceived by Kreisberg and Guggenheim. The teleplay for Supergirl's episode was written by showrunners Robert Rovner and Jessica Queller, Arrow's by Mericle and Ben Sokolowski, The Flash's by showrunner Todd Helbing, and Legends of Tomorrow's by showrunner Phil Klemmer and Keto Shimizu.[1]

text: Filming[edit]

text: Filming of the four episodes began on September 22, 2017.[16] Supergirl's episode was directed by Larry Teng, Arrow's by James Bamford, The Flash's by Dermott Downs, and Legend of Tomorrow's by Gregory Smith.[1]

text: Music[edit]

text: Blake Neely, primary composer of all four series, composed the two-and-a-half-hour score for the crossover in eight days at The Bridge Recording Studio in Glendale, California.[20] On December 10, 2017, Neely revealed that a soundtrack for the crossover was close to being released.[21]

text: Release[edit]

text: Broadcast[edit]

text: The crossover began with Supergirl and Arrow on November 27, 2017, and concluded on The Flash and Legends of Tomorrow on November 28, all on The CW. Arrow, which normally aired on Thursdays at 9 pm, moved to Monday at 9 pm for the crossover and did not air an additional episode on November 30. Pedowitz stated that they decided to have the crossover occur over two nights, as opposed to the four nights of "Invasion!", because The Flash and Legends of Tomorrow were already paired together on The CW's schedule, and "it would be better and tighter in terms of storytelling to make it like a two-night, four-hour miniseries. We thought this was a tight, concise way of doing it."[22] Guggenheim added, "We're really approaching this big four-part event as two back-to-back two-hour movies, and I think when you look at it through that lens, it becomes less important for the Supergirl episode to feel like a Supergirl episode and the Arrow episode to feel like an Arrow episode, which was always our approach in the past."[19]

text: Marketing[edit]

text: Comic artist Phil Jimenez created a custom cover for the event, which invokes the cover design of the Justice League comic issue #207, the 20th Annual Justice League of America/Justice Society of America crossover.[16] Promotional trailers for the event were released throughout November,[23][24][25] before the full trailer was released on November 20.[26]

text: Reception[edit]

text: Ratings[edit]

text:
Series

Air date

Rating/share(18–49)

Viewers(millions)

DVR(18–49)

DVR viewers(millions)

Total(18–49)

Total viewers(millions)

Supergirl

000000002017-11-27-0000November 27, 2017

0.9/3

2.71[27]

0.7

1.72

1.6

4.43[28]

Arrow

000000002017-11-27-0000November 27, 2017

0.9/3

2.52[27]

0.8

1.89

1.7

4.41[28]

The Flash

000000002017-11-28-0000November 28, 2017

1.0/4

2.82[29]

0.7

1.83

1.7

4.64[28]

Legends of Tomorrow

000000002017-11-28-0000November 28, 2017

0.9/4

2.80[29]

0.8

1.82

1.7

4.62[28]

text: Critical response[edit]

text: Speaking about the crossover as a whole, Jesse Schedeen of IGN felt that "ultimately, 'Crisis on Earth-X' set a higher standard for what these crossovers can achieve than last year's 'Invasion!'".[30] Scott Mendelson of Forbes said the "Crisis on Earth-X" was "a better Justice League movie than the actual Justice League movie and in many ways was better or at least equal to the best MCU crossover events."[31] Rob Leane of Den of Geek thought the crossover was the "best crossover yet", saying, "It offers fresh ideas alongside heaps of fan service, and the special effects wizards behind the scenes make the limited TV budget feel like that of a massive movie."[32]

text: Supergirl[edit]

text: Schedeen gave the Supergirl episode an 8.1 out of 10. While he felt that the Supergirl episode "clearly isn't in much of a hurry to get where it's going", Schedeen said it did "prove to be a very entertaining start to the crossover." Ultimately, the episode "did, however, make the most of this massive pairing of heroes, delivering an endless stream of banter and character drama before transitioning into an epic battle royale. There are certainly worse ways to kick off a crossover."[33] Caroline Siede at The A.V. Club awarded the episode a "B+" rating. She said the episode "isn't a particularly great episode of Supergirl, but then again it isn't really trying to be. And as the first hour of an ambitious four-part Arrowverse movie, it's hard to ask for anything more."[34] Kayti Burt of Collider gave the episode 4 out of 5 stars, stating, "I was wildly impressed with the storytelling ambitious 'Crisis on Earth-X' has shown so far. There were some narrative missteps, but this is like nothing we have ever seen on-screen before: a true comic book-style crossover event that ties hours of superhero serials together in one epic story."[35]

text: Arrow[edit]

text: Schedeen gave the Arrow episode a 7 out of 10, saying that the episode "struggled to find that balance between character drama and plot progression, as well as in establishing stakes big enough to support such a massive crossover in the first place. But for all its flaws, at least this episode still included some entertaining moments and a generally strong portrayal of its twisted villains."[36] The A.V. Club's Allison Shoemaker gave the episode a "B" rating. She thought it was "difficult to judge how successful this episode of Arrow is because it's neither an episode of Arrow nor a complete story," but concluded, "it's a lot of fun, kind of dumb, and just not as exciting as what came before. Someone has to check those boxes and set up what comes next, and it seems that this time, Arrow drew the 'event' short straw."[37]

text: The Flash[edit]

text: Schedeen awarded The Flash's episode a 9.2 out of 10, noting that while part 1 had "a slow start" and part 2 gave "a fairly underwhelming follow-up... the crossover finally seemed to click" in part 3.[38] Scott Von Doviak at The A.V. Club gave the episode a "B+" rating, stating "Even a lesser installment like this one features the spectacle of the Flash and The Ray battling the Red Tornado, as well as the appealing non-superpowered Nazi-fighting team of Iris and Felicity. For the most part, I've felt like a kid coming home with a fresh stack of comics, and I can think of no higher praise than that."[39] Mike Cecchini of Den of Geek gave it 4 out of 5 stars. He wrote that while "'mirror universe Nazis' don't make for the most nuanced of villains, and when you're using concentration camp imagery, well, you'd better make sure you're not being exploitative," The Flash's episode "completely embraces its lunacy in ways that I don't even think those first two chapters dreamed of."[40]

text: Legends of Tomorrow[edit]

text: Schedeen gave the final episode an 8.5 out of 10 rating. The episode "didn't have quite the urgency it needed during the final showdown between good and evil," but "did make the most of Professor Stein's heroic sacrifice and its emotional fallout."[41] Oliver Sava of The A.V. Club gave the episode an "A" rating, stating "No piece of live-action superhero media has captured the feeling of a comic-book crossover event like Crisis On Earth-X. With a huge cast of characters, a major death, and a final scene taking big heroes in bold new directions, Crisis delivers the thrills, the twists, and the inspiration that should come from a superhero story with this massive scope."[42] Jim Dandy from Den of Geek rated the episode 5 out of 5 stars. He wrote, "This year's was an objectively wonderful hour of DC television, but it also moved the season's story along for Legends in a meaningful way, and provided significant character development for Jax and Sara. It gave Franz Drameh and Victor Garber a chance to stretch their acting wings, and it closed out a timely, wall-to-wall entertaining four hours of television."[43] Collider's Carla Day gave the Legends episode 5 stars out of 5, saying the crossover was "leaps and bounds better than any of the previous crossovers." She went on to say that "It set the standard high for all future crossovers in the story, character interactions, and fight scenes."[44]


document_title: List of islands of New Zealand

question_text: what tiny island in new zealand is named after a colour

text: List of islands of New Zealand

text: Listed by size[edit]

text: The following table lists the largest islands of New Zealand by size. The Cook Islands, Niue, Tokelau, and islands of the Ross Dependency are excluded. Delta islands such as Rakaia Island (25.7 km2),[2] Fereday Island, Rangitata Island, and Inch Clutha (approximately 15 km2, 30 km2, and 35 km2 respectively) are also currently omitted, as are temporary islands in braided river channels and tidal islands such as Rabbit Island, Nelson (17 km2). The country's largest island within a lake, Pomona Island, has an area of just 2.6 km2.[3]

text:
Rank

English name

Māori name

km2

% of NZ Area

Population

1

South Island

Te Waipounamu, Te Wahi Pounamu, Te Waka-a-Māui, Te Waka o Aoraki

151,215

56.2%

1,115,800

2

North Island

Te Ika-a-Māui

113,729

42.3%

3,677,200

3

Stewart Island

Rakiura, Te Punga o Te Waka-a-Māui

1,683

0.6%

400

4

Chatham Island

Rekohu (Moriori); Wharekauri (Māori)

900

0.3%

600

5

Auckland Island

Motu Maha

510

0.2%

0

6

Great Barrier Island

Aotea

285

0.1%

850

7

Resolution Island

Taumoana

208.87

0.1%

0

8

D'Urville Island

Rangitoto Ki Te Tonga

150

<0.1%

About 52[4]

9

Campbell Island

Motu Ihupuku

115

<0.1%

0

10

Adams Island

100

<0.1%

0

11

Waiheke Island

Waiheke

92

<0.1%

9,520

12

Secretary Island

Rangitoa

81.4

<0.1%

0

13

Arapaoa Island

Arapaoa

75

<0.1%

50

14

Pitt Island

Rangiaotea (Moriori) or Rangiauria (Maori)

62

<0.1%

38

15

Matakana Island

Matakana

60

<0.1%

225

16

Raoul Island

Rangitahua

29.4

<0.1%

6

17

Little Barrier Island

Hauturu

28

0

18

Rangitoto Island

Rangitoto

23.1

0

19

Antipodes Island

20

0

20

Kapiti Island

Kapiti

19.7

0

21

Kawau Island

Kawau

19

81

22

Long Island, Southland

Motu Roa

18.99

0

23

Cooper Island

Ure Toto

17.79

0

24

Ponui Island

Ponui

17.7

0

25

Great Mercury Island

Ahuahu

17.2

0

26

Ruapuke Island

Ruapuke

16

0

27

Motutapu Island

Motutapu

15.1

0

28

Codfish Island

Whenua Hou

14

0

29

Mayor Island

Tuhua

13

0

30

Coal Island

Te Puka-Hereka

11.6

0

31

Anchor Island

Puke Nui

11.37

0

32

Motiti Island

Motiti

10

27

33

Big South Cape Island

Taukihepa

9.4

0

text: Listed by highest point[edit]

text: The following table lists the islands of New Zealand by their highest elevation. These islands are all in harbours or the open sea. The country's tallest island within a lake, Pomona Island, rises to 511 metres (1,677 ft) above sea level, which is about 333 metres (1,093 ft) above Lake Manapouri's normal lake level.

text:
Rank

Name of island

Highest point

Name of peak

Type of peak

1

South Island

3,754 m (12,316 ft)

Mount Cook

Tectonic

2

North Island

2,797 m (9,177 ft)

Mount Ruapehu

Volcanic

3

Secretary Island

1,196 m (3,924 ft)

Mount Grono

Tectonic

4

Resolution Island

1,069 m (3,507 ft)

Mount Clerke

Tectonic

5

Stewart Island

980 m (3,220 ft)

Mount Anglem

Tectonic

6

D'Urville Island

729 m (2,392 ft)

Attempt Hill

Tectonic

7

Little Barrier Island

722 m (2,369 ft)

Mount Hauturu

Volcanic

8

Adams Island

705 m (2,313 ft)

Mount Dick

Volcanic

9

Auckland Island

659 m (2,162 ft)

Cavern Peak

Volcanic

10

Great Barrier Island

627 m (2,057 ft)

Mount Hobson

Tectonic

11

Long Island, Southland

620 m (2,030 ft)

Tectonic

12

Campbell Island

569 m (1,867 ft)

Mount Honey

Volcanic

13

Arapaoa Island

559 m (1,834 ft)

Narawhia

Tectonic

14

Cooper Island

523 m (1,716 ft)

Tectonic

15

Kapiti Island

521 m (1,709 ft)

Tuteremoana

Tectonic

16

Raoul Island

516 m (1,693 ft)

Moumoukai Peak

Volcanic

17=

Anchor Island

417 m (1,368 ft)

Tectonic

17=

Taranga (Hen) Island

417 m (1,368 ft)

The Pinnacles

Tectonic

19

Bauza Island

383 m (1,257 ft)

Tectonic

20

Maud Island/Te Hoiere

368 m (1,207 ft)

Tectonic

21

Antipodes Island

366 m (1,201 ft)

Mount Galloway

Volcanic

22

Forsyth Island

356 m (1,168 ft)

Tectonic

23

Mayor Island

355 m (1,165 ft)

Opuahau

Volcanic

24

Moutohora Island/Whale Island

353 m (1,158 ft)

Motu Hara

Volcanic

25

Breaksea Island

350 m (1,150 ft)

Tectonic

26

Solander Island/Hautere

330 m (1,080 ft)

Tectonic

27

White Island

321 m (1,053 ft)

Mount Gisborne

Volcanic

28

Chatham Island

299 m (981 ft)

Volcanic

29

Blumine Island

298 m (978 ft)

Tectonic

30

Manawatāwhi/Great Island (Three Kings Islands)

295 m (968 ft)

Tectonic

31

Mangere Island (Chatham Islands)

292 m (958 ft)

Whakapa

Tectonic

32

Stephens Island/Takapourewa

283 m (928 ft)

Tectonic

33

Rangitoto Island

260 m (850 ft)

Rangitoto

Volcanic

34

Coal Island

251 m (823 ft)

Tectonic

35

Codfish Island

250 m (820 ft)

Tectonic

36

Nukuwaiata Island (Chetwode Islands)

247 m (810 ft)

Tectonic

37

Pitt Island/Rangiauria

241 m (791 ft)

Waihere

Tectonic

38

Macauley Island (Kermadec Islands)

238 m (781 ft)

Mount Haszard

Volcanic

39

Taukihepa / Big South Cape Island

235 m (771 ft)

Tectonic

40

Whatupuke Island (Hen and Chicken Islands)

234 m (768 ft)

Tectonic

41=

Great Mercury Island

231 m (758 ft)

Mount Mohi

Volcanic

41=

Waiheke Island

231 m (758 ft)

Maunganui

Tectonic

43

Jacquemart Island (Campbell Islands)

229 m (751 ft)

Volcanic

44

Wakaterepapanui Island (Rangitoto Islands)

225 m (738 ft)

Tectonic

45

South East Island/Rangatira (Chatham Islands)

224 m (735 ft)

Tectonic

46

Rakitu Island

220 m (720 ft)

Tectonic

47

Aorangi Island

216 m (709 ft)

Tectonic

48=

Cuvier Island

214 m (702 ft)

Tectonic

48=

Little Mangere Island (Chatham Islands)

214 m (702 ft)

Whakapa

Tectonic

50

Moekawa/South West Island (Three Kings Islands)

207 m (679 ft)

Tectonic

51

Bollons Island (Antipodes Islands)

202 m (663 ft)

Volcanic

52

Indian Island

196 m (643 ft)

Tectonic

53

Tawhiti Rahi Island (Poor Knights Islands)

191 m (627 ft)

Tectonic

54

Tinui Island (Rangitoto Islands)

190 m (620 ft)

Tectonic

55

Matapara / Pickersgill Island

186 m (610 ft)

Tectonic

56=

Great Island

185 m (607 ft)

Tectonic

56=

Kaikoura Island

185 m (607 ft)

Mitre Peak

Tectonic

56=

Pearl Island (off Stewart Island)

185 m (607 ft)

Tectonic

59

Coppermine Island (Hen and Chicken Islands)

184 m (604 ft)

Huarewa

Tectonic

60

Kawau Island

182 m (597 ft)

Grey Heights

Tectonic

61

Te Kakaho Island (Chetwode Islands)

179 m (587 ft)

Tectonic

62

Motukawanui Island

177 m (581 ft)

Tectonic

63

Ōhau/West Island (Three Kings Islands)

177 m (581 ft)

Tectonic

64

Motutapere Island (off Coromandel)

175 m (574 ft)

Tectonic

65

Ponui Island

173 m (568 ft)

Ponui

Tectonic

66

Motuoruhi Island (off Coromandel)

169 m (554 ft)

Tectonic

67

Lady Alice Island (Hen and Chicken Islands)

158 m (518 ft)

Tectonic

68

The Castle/Rangiwheau (Chatham Islands)

156 m (512 ft)

Tectonic

69

Long Island, Marlborough

152 m (499 ft)

Tectonic

70

Noble Island (off Stewart Island)

154 m (505 ft)

Tectonic

71

Chalky Island

151 m (495 ft)

Tectonic

72=

Red Mercury Island

150 m (490 ft)

Volcanic

72=

Puangiangi Island (Rangitoto Islands)

150 m (490 ft)

Tectonic

text: In harbours and the open sea[edit]

text:
Adele Island
Aiguilles Island
Alderman Islands
Allports Island
Amerikiwhati Island
Anatakupu Island
Anchor Island
Anchorage Island
Aorangaia Island
Araara Island
Arakaninihi Island
Arapaoa Island
Aroha Island
Awarua Rock
Bare Island
Bauza Island
Bells Island
Bench Island
Bests Island
Big South Cape Island
Blumine Island
Breaksea Island
The Brothers
Browns Island
Calliope Island, Whangarei Heads
Catherine Island, Charles Sound
Cavalli Islands
Chalky Island
Coal Island
Codfish Island/Whenuahou
Cooper Island
Dog Island
Cuvier Island
D'Urville Island
Dragon Island
East Island/Whangaokeno
Eleanor Island, Charles Sound
Elizabeth Island
Fanny Island, Charles Sound
Fisherman Island
Forsyth Island
Frenchman Island, Whangarei Heads
Gannet Island
Goat Island, Auckland
Goat Island, Otago Harbour
Goat Island/Te Mapoutahi
Great Barrier Island/Aotea
Great Island
Green Island
Guano Island, Whangarei Heads
Hen and Chicken Islands
High Island
Herald Island, Waitematā Harbour
Indian Island
Kaikoura Island
Kapiti Island
Kawau Island
King Billy Island
Kopuahingahinga Island, Manukau Harbour
Little Barrier Island (Hauturu)
Long Island, Marlborough
Long Island, Southland
Mahurangi Island (Goat Island)
Makaro/Ward Island
Mana Island
Matakana Island
Matiu/Somes Island
Maud Island/Te Hoiere
Mauitaha Island, Whangarei Heads
Mayor Island/Tuhua
Mercury Islands
Mokohinau Islands
Mokopuna Island
Motiti Island
Motueka Island (Pigeon Island)
Motuhoa Island
Motuihe Island
Motukaroro Island
Motukawao Islands
Motukiore Island, Parua Bay
Motunau Island
Motuoroi Island
Moturaka Island
Moturata/Taieri Island
Motutapu Island
Moutohora Island/Whale Island
Native Island
Ngarango Otainui Island, Manukau Harbour
Ninepin Rock, Manukau Harbour
Noble Island
North Island
Opahekeheke Island
Open Bay Islands
Pakatoa Island
Pararekau Island, Manukau Harbour
Pearl Island
Pepin Island (a tied island connected to the mainland)
Piercy Island
Ponui Island
Poor Knights Islands
Portland Island
Pourewa Island
Puketutu Island, Manukau Harbour
Putauhinu Island
Quail Island
Quarantine Island/Kamau Taurua
Rabbit Island
Rakino Island
Rangitoto Island
Rangitoto Islands, Marlborough Sounds
Raratoka Island
Resolution Island
Ripapa Island
Rotoroa Island
Rurima Rocks, including Rurima Island
Ruapuke Island
Quarantine Island/Kamau Taurua
Secretary Island
Shark Island, Manukau Harbour
Slipper Island
South Island
Stephens Island/Takapourewa
Stewart Island/Rakiura
Sugar Loaf Islands
Takangaroa Island
Tapu Te Ranga Motu
Tarahiki Island
Tarakanahi Island
Tata Islands
Tikitiki Island, (The Ninepin), Bay of Islands
Tiritiri Matangi Island
Titi/Muttonbird Islands
Tonga Island
Ulva Island
Urupukapuka Island
Waiheke Island
Walker Island
Watchman Island, Waitematā Harbour
Whakaari/White Island
Whanganui Island
White Island (Otago)
Wiroa Island, Manukau Harbour

text: In rivers and lakes[edit]

text:
Black Jacks Island (in Lake Benmore)
Channel Islands (in Lake Manapouri)
Dome Islands (in Lake Te Anau)
Entrance Island (in Lake Te Anau)
Fereday Island (in the Rakaia River delta)
Harwich Island (in Lake Wanaka)
Hidden Island (in Lake Wakatipu)
Inch Clutha (in the Clutha River delta)
Junction Island (in Lake Benmore)
Karihoa Island (in Waikato River)
Kaiwaka No.1 Island (in Waikato River delta)
Kaiwaka No.2 Island (in Waikato River delta)
Manutahi Island (in Waikato River)
Mary Island (in Lake Hauroko)
Mokoia Island (in Lake Rotorua)
Motakorea Island (in Waikato River)
Motuariki Island (in Lake Tekapo)
Motukakako Island (in Waikato River delta)
Motutaiko Island (in Lake Taupo)
Moutoa Island (in the Whanganui River)
Mou Tapu (in Lake Wanaka)
Mou Waho (in Lake Wanaka)
Motutieke Island (in Waikato River delta)
Namuheiriro Island (in Waikato River)
Ngahinapouri Island (in Waikato River delta)
Opuawhanga Island (in Waikato River)
Pigeon Island/Wāwāhi Waka (in Lake Wakatipu)
Pig Island/Mātau (in Lake Wakatipu)
Pomona Island (in Lake Manapouri)
Puehunui Island (in Waikato River delta)
Rakaia Island (in the Rakaia River delta)
Rangitata Island (in the Rangitata River delta)
Rona Island (in Lake Manapouri)
Ruby Island (in Lake Wanaka)
Silver Island (in Lake Hawea)
Stevensons Island/Te Peka Karara (in Lake Wanaka)
Tarahanga Island (in Waikato River)
Tawanui Island (in Waikato River delta)
Te Kopura Island (in Waikato River)
Te Toki Island (in Waikato River)
Te Weranga Okapu Island (in Waikato River delta)
Tree Island (in Lake Wakatipu)
Whatamakiri Island (in Waikato River delta)

text: Outlying[edit]

text: New Zealand also administers the following islands outside the main archipelago. Only the Chatham Islands have a permanent population although others also did in the past. Others host visitors for science, conservation, meteorological observation and tourism.

text:
Chatham Islands
Chatham Island/Rekohu
Forty-Fours/Motuhara
Little Mangere Island
Mangere Island
Pitt Island/Rangiauria
The Sisters/Rangitatahi
South East Island/Rangatira
Star Keys/Motuhope
Kermadec Islands
Cheeseman Island
Curtis Island
Macauley Island
Raoul Island
Solander Islands
Three Kings Islands

text: The New Zealand Subantarctic Islands are considered World Heritage Sites.

text:
Antipodes Islands
Auckland Islands
Adams Island
Auckland Island
Disappointment Island
Enderby Island
Rose Island
Bounty Islands
Campbell Island group
Campbell Island
Dent Island
Folly Island (or Folly Islands)
Jacquemart Island
The Snares

text: Realm of New Zealand[edit]

text: The following islands are part of the Realm of New Zealand, but are not part of New Zealand proper:

text:
Cook Islands
Aitutaki
Atiu
Mangaia
Manihiki
Manuae
Mauke
Mitiaro
Nassau
Palmerston Island
Penrhyn Island/Tongareva
Pukapuka
Rakahanga
Rarotonga
Suwarrow
Takutea
Niue
Tokelau
Atafu
Nukunonu
Fakaofo

text: Territorial claims[edit]

text: New Zealand also claims the Ross Dependency in Antarctica, including:

text:
the Balleny Islands
Buckle Island
Sabrina Island
Sturge Island
Young Island
Scott Island
Roosevelt Island
Coulman Island
the Ross Archipelago
Ross Island
Beaufort Island
White Island
Black Island
the Dellbridge Islands
Inaccessible Island
Tent Island
Big Razorback
Little Razorback


document_title: The Pelican Brief (film)

question_text: who killed the assassin in the pelican brief

text: The Pelican Brief (film)

text: Plot[edit]

text: Two Supreme Court justices are assassinated by the professional assassin "Sam" Khamel.

text: Tulane University Law School student Darby Shaw writes a legal brief detailing her theory on why they were killed and under whose orders. She delivers it to her law professor, mentor and secret lover Thomas Callahan. He gives a copy to his friend Gavin Verheek, attorney and special counsel to the Director of the FBI. Callahan is killed by a car bomb; Darby escapes because she refuses to enter the car with her drunk lover and is subsequently attacked by an unknown assailant. Realizing that her brief was accurate, she goes into hiding and reaches out to Verheek for dire assistance.

text: Political reporter Gray Grantham is contacted by an informant calling himself "Garcia" with information about the assassinations, yet "Garcia" suddenly disappears, and Darby contacts Grantham, who finds her information is valid and accurate. Darby's computer, disks, and files have disappeared from her home, where she is again attacked but manages to escape. She contacts Verheek and they arrange to meet, but Verheek is murdered by Khamel who impersonates his victim and proceeds to the meeting. Before Khamel can kill Darby, he is shot and killed by an unknown person.

text: Darby contacts Grantham and agrees to meet him in New York City, where she gives him the details of her brief that speculates the assassins were loyal to Victor Mattiece, an oil tycoon who intends to drill for on a Louisiana marshland, a known habitat of an endangered species of brown pelicans. A court appeal to prevent such harm is expected to reach the Supreme Court. Darby surmised Mattiece, hoping to turn the case in his favor, is behind the Justices' murders, given their history of environmentalism. When Grantham tells her about "Garcia", they discover that the man is Curtis Morgan, a lawyer in the oil and gas division at the White & Blazevich, in Washington.

text: Darby visits White & Blazevich, pretending to have an appointment with Morgan, and is told he had been killed. Suspecting that his murder was related to the incriminating information, she and Grantham visit his widow who gives them a key to a safe deposit box. Darby visits the bank to retrieve the contents of the box. After barely escaping death by a car bomb, they reach the Washington Herald building where they review the documents and a videotape recovered from Morgan's box. The tape confirms Darby's theory, as Morgan documents prove his own discovery that Mattiece ordered the assassination of the Justices. With this evidence, Grantham writes his story. He gives the FBI a chance to comment and FBI Director Voyles confirms that Darby's "Pelican Brief" was delivered to the White House. He reveals the President ordered the FBI to "back off", CIA agents were investigating Mattiece and one of them killed Khamel to save Darby's life. A plane is arranged for Darby to flee the country.

text: Darby is watching a TV interview of Grantham where it is revealed that Mattiece and two partners at White & Blazevich have been indicted in federal court, the President's chief of staff has resigned, and the President (who received $4.2 million in contributions from Mattiece) will not run for office again. Grantham deflects speculation that Darby is fictional, but does agree that she is "almost" too good to be true. Darby smiles.

text: Cast[edit]

text:
Julia Roberts as Darby Shaw
Denzel Washington as Gray Grantham
Sam Shepard as Thomas Callahan
John Heard as Gavin Verheek
Tony Goldwyn as Fletcher Cole, President's Chief of Staff
James B. Sikking as F. Denton Voyles
William Atherton as Bob Gminski
Robert Culp as The President
Stanley Tucci as Khamel "Sam"
Hume Cronyn as Justice Rosenberg
John Lithgow as Smith Keen, editor at Washington Herald
Anthony Heald as Marty Velmano, senior partner at White & Blazevich
Nicholas Woodeson as Stump
Cynthia Nixon as Alice Stark
Jake Weber as Curtis Morgan (a.k.a. Garcia)
Ralph Cosham as Justice Jensen

text: Reception[edit]

text: The film received mostly mixed reviews from critics. Pat Collins, from WWOR-TV, said that the film was, "A heart-stopping, spine-chilling, adrenaline-pumping, run-for-your-life thriller." Roger Ebert praised the film and gave it 3/4 in his review. It currently holds a 52% rating on Rotten Tomatoes.

text: The film is recognized by American Film Institute in these lists:

text:
2008: AFI's 10 Top 10:

Nominated Courtroom Drama Film[1]

text: Box office[edit]

text: The film was a box office hit and grossed $195,268,056 worldwide.[2][3]

text: Comparison with the Grisham book[edit]

text: The film mostly follows Grisham's plot, but concentrates much more on Darby Shaw's point of view and omits considerable sections of the book depicting behind-the-scenes events at the Supreme Court, White House, FBI headquarters and elsewhere in the corridors of power. The film has Denzel Washington as the journalist Gray Grantham, while the book specifically notes that Grantham is white (though on friendly terms with some African-Americans). That might be related to the film omitting a final scene where Darby and Gray start a love relationship. In the book Gray Grantham works for the real-life Washington Post, which was changed in the film to fictional Washington Herald.