document_title: New Development Bank

question_text: who has been appointed as the first president of brics promoted new development bank

text: New Development Bank

text: History[edit]

text: The idea for setting up the bank was proposed by India at the 4th BRICS summit in 2012 held in Delhi. The creation of a new development bank was the main theme of the meeting.[4] BRICS leaders agreed to set up a Development bank at the 5th BRICS summit held in Durban, South Africa on 27 March 2013.[5] On 15 July 2014, the first day of the 6th BRICS summit held in Fortaleza, Brazil, the BRICS states signed the Agreement on the New Development Bank, which makes provisions for the legal basis of the bank.[1] In a separate agreement, a reserve currency pool worth $100 bln was set up by BRICS nations.[6] Documents on cooperation between BRICS export credit agencies and an agreement of cooperation on innovation were also signed.[7]

text: On 11 May 2015, K. V. Kamath was appointed as the President of the bank.[8]

text: The 7th BRICS summit in July 2015 marked the entry into force of the Agreement on the New Development Bank.

text: On 27 February 2016, the NDB signed Headquarters Agreement with the Government of the P.R.C. and the Memorandum of Understanding with Shanghai Municipal People’s Government concerning the arrangements in relation to Headquarters of the bank in Shanghai. The documents were signed on the sidelines of G20 Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors meeting in Shanghai.[9][10]

text: According to the bank, most of the NDB policies and procedures for all functional areas were approved at the Board of Directors meeting in January 2016.[11]

text: In March 2016, the New Development Bank announced that it is planning to recruit 100 staff from BRICS countries by the end of 2016.[12]

text: On 19 July 2016, the NDB reported that it successfully issued the bank's first green financial bond with issue size of RMB 3 billion, tenor of 5 years in the China interbank bond market.[13]

text: On 20 July 2016, the first annual meeting of the NDB Board of Governors was held in Shanghai. The participants of the meeting discussed Bank's future work and development and gave a positive assessment to the bank's work. At the meeting, the first green financial bond issuance in Renminbi was highlighted as a milestone event for the NDB. It was decided that the next annual meeting of the board will be held in India in 2017.[14]

text: In 2016, the NDB Board of Directors approved seven projects in all members of the bank involving financial assistance of over USD 1.5 bln.[15][16][17]

text: On 21 December 2016, the NDB signed its first loan agreement.[18]

text: Structure and Objectives[edit]

text: Corporate Governance[edit]

text: According to the Articles of Agreement, the main organs of the bank are:

text:
Board of Governors
Board of Directors
President and Vice-Presidents

text: As of March 2018, the members of NDB Board of Governors are as follows:

text:
Henrique de Campos Meirelles, Brazil's Minister of Finance
Anton Siluanov, Russia's Minister of Finance
Arun Jaitley, India's Minister of Finance, Corporate Affairs and Information & Broadcasting
Xiao Jie, China's Minister of Finance - Chairman of the Board of Governors
Malusi Gigaba, South Africa's Minister of Finance - Vice-Chairman of the Board of Governors

text: The NDB President will be elected on a rotational basis from one of the founding members, and there will be at least one Vice President from each of the other four founding members.[19]

text: K. V. Kamath, from India, is the first elected president of the NDB.

text: The first chair of the Board of Governors is from Russia and the first chair of the Board of Directors is from Brazil.[20]

text: Development capital[edit]

text: The bank's primary focus of lending will be infrastructure and sustained development projects [21][22] with authorized lending of up to $34 bln annually.[22] The bank will have starting capital of $50 bln, with capital increased to $100 bln over time.[23] Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa will initially contribute $10 bln each to bring the total to $50 bln.[23][24] Each member cannot increase its share of capital without all other four members agreeing. This was a primary requirement of India.[25][26] The bank will allow new members to join but the BRICS capital share cannot fall below 55%.[23]

text: Objectives[edit]

text: The bank aims to contribute to development plans established nationally through projects that are socially, environmentally and economically sustainable. Taking this into account, the main objectives of the NDB can be summarized as follows

text:
Promote infrastructure and sustainable development projects with a significant development impact in member countries.
Establish an extensive network of global partnerships with other multilateral development institutions and national development banks.
Build a balanced project portfolio giving a proper respect to their geographic location, financing requirements and other factors.

text: Membership[edit]

text: The Agreement on the New Development Bank entered into force in July 2015, with the ratification of all five states that have signed it. The five founding members of the Bank include Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa.

text: Bank's Articles of Agreement specify that all members of the United Nations could be members of the bank, however the share of the BRICS nations can never be less than 55% of voting power.

text: Expanding the NDB's membership is considered by some experts to be crucial to its long-term development by helping boost the bank’s business growth.[27] According to the NDB vice-president Zhu Xian, it is very likely that new members will join the bank in 2017 or 2018. He noted that the expansion of membership is unlikely in 2016, as it takes time to go through procedures and discussions with interested countries.[27]

text: Shareholding structure[edit]

text: According to Articles of Agreement of the New Development Bank, the initial authorized capital of the bank is divided into 1 mln shares, having a par value of $100,000. The value of one share is also the minimum amount to be subscribed for participation by a single country. Attachment 1 to this document states that each founding member of the bank will initially subscribe 100,000 shares, in a total of $10 bln, of which 20,000 shares correspond to paid-in capital, in a total of $2 bln and 80,000 shares correspond to callable capital, in a total of $8 bln.[1]

text: The current distribution of shares between NDB member countries is presented in the following table.

text:
Countries by Shareholding at the New Development Bank

Country
Number of
Shares
Shareholding
(% of Total)
Voting Rights
(% of Total)
Authorised Capital
(bln USD)

 Brazil
100,000
20
20
10

 Russia
100,000
20
20
10

 India
100,000
20
20
10

 China
100,000
20
20
10

 South Africa
100,000
20
20
10

Unallocated Shares
500,000
-
-
50

Grand Total
1,000,000
100
100
100

text: Activities[edit]

text: Projects[edit]

text: The BRICS New Development Bank is planning to give a priority to projects aimed at developing renewable energy sources. As it was stated by the NDB Vice President, the Bank wants to cooperate with other institutions in accelerating ‘green’ financing expansion and promoting environment protection. He also pointed out that the NDB is planning to finance one project from each member state with the money raised via its first bond issue.[28]

text: The NDB has expressed interest in funding projects that conform to high environmental standards, including those in the field of infrastructure, such as energy, railways and highways in the future.[29] At the same time, according to K. V. Kamath, the President of the NDB, one of the key strategies of the bank will be financing profitable projects (bankable) with return on capital.[30][31] The NDB wants "to fund projects that are creative and bring benefits to the local people and environment", said Vice President Zhu Xian.[32]

text: The leadership of the member countries task the bank with developing a strong pipeline of projects and responding in a fast and flexible manner to aspirations and interests of its members.[33]

text: In 2016, the NDB Board of Directors approved loans for 7 projects in all members of the bank for the total amount of over USD 1.5 bln.

text: On 21 December 2016, the NDB signed its first loan agreement. The loan agreement approving the provision of RMB 525 mln sovereign project loan for the Bank's first project in China (Shanghai Lingang Distributed Solar Power Project) was signed by the Chinese Vice Minister of Finance Shi Yaobin and the NDB President K.V.Kamath.[34]

text: The NDB plans to approve USD 2.5 bln of loans in 2017.[32]

text: On 30 March 2017, the NDB and the Indian government signed a loan agreement approving the provision of USD 350 mln for Madhya Pradesh major district roads upgrade project.[35]

text: Loan agreement for the first Brazilian project was signed on 26 April 2017. The loan with the amount of USD 300 mln aiming at developing the renewable energy sector in Brazil will be provided to BNDES, national development bank.[36]

text:
Projects Supported by the NDB in 2016

Country
Loan Amount
Sov. / Non-sov.
Borrower
Guarantor
End-user / Onlendee
Modality
Target Sector
Impact

 Brazil
USD 300 mln
Non-sovereign
BNDES
-
Sub-projects
- National financial intermediary
- Two step loan

Renewable energy
(wind, solar etc.)

- 600 MW renewable energy
- Avoided 1 mln t CO2/year

 Russia
USD 100 mln
Non-sovereign
EDB / IIB
-
- Nord Hydro-Bely Porog
- Other subprojects

- National financial intermediary
- Two step loan

- Renewable energy (hydropower)
- Green energy

- 49.8 MW renewable energy
- Avoided 48 000 t CO2/year

 India
USD 250 mln
Sovereign guaranteed
Canara Bank
Government of India
Sub-projects
- Sovereign guaranteed
- 3 transactions

Renewable energy
(wind, solar etc.)

- 500 MW renewable energy
- Avoided 815 000 t CO2/year

 India
USD 350 mln
Sovereign
Government of India
-
Government of Madhya Pradesh
Sovereign project finance facility
Upgrading Major District Roads
- About 1,500 km of MDRs will be upgraded

 China
RMB 525 mln
(USD 81 mln)

Sovereign
PRC Government
-
Shanghai Lingang Hongbo New Energy Development Co. Ltd.
Sovereign project loan
Renewable energy
(solar roof-top PV)

- 100 MW solar energy
- Avoided 73 000 t CO2/year

 China
RMB 2 bln (USD 298 min)
Sovereign
PRC Government
-
Fujian Investment and Development Group
Project Loan
Renewable energy (wind power)
- 250 MW wind energy
- avoided 869 900 t CO2/year

 South Africa
USD 180 mln
Sovereign guaranteed
ESKOM
Government of RSA
ESKOM
Sovereign guaranteed project loan
Renewable energy (transmission)
- 670 MW renewable energy evacuated (transmitted)
- Avoided 1,3 mln t CO2/year

text: Source: NDB Handout materials, Press Release of the NDB (22 November 2016)

text:
Projects Supported by the NDB in 2017

Country
Loan Amount
Sov. / Non-sov.
Borrower
Guarantor
End-user / Onlendee
Modality
Target Sector
Impact

 India
USD 470 mln
Sovereign
Government of India
-
Government of Madhya Pradesh
Sovereign project loan
Water supply and sanitation, rural development
- Project covers more than 3400 villages and is expected to benefit over 3 mln rural population

 China
RMB 2 bln (USD 300 mln)
Sovereign
PRC Government
-
Sub-project PIUs in Changhsha, Zhuzhou and Xiangtan
Sovereign project finance facility
Water, sanitation and flood control, environment
- Improved water quality and food control in the main streams and tributaries of Xiang River

 China
USD 200 mln
Sovereign
PRC Government
-
Government of Jiangxi Province
Sovereign project finance facility
Energy conservation
- Savings of more than 95 000 tons of coal equivalent
- Annual CO2 emissions reduction of 263 476 t

 Russia
USD 460 mln
Sovereign
Government of Russia
-
Beneficiaries: Supreme Court, Moscow City Court and District Courts, Federal Bailiffs Service
Sovereign project loan
Social infrastructure
- Increased judicial transparency and efficiency, and enhanced protection of judicial rights of citizens of the country

text: Source: NDB Handout materials, NDB website

text: Bonds[edit]

text: In March 2016, the NDB announced that it will do a bond issue in China to raise funding domestically on the Chinese market. The bond issue is likely to happen in the second quarter of the year 2016, said the NDB Vice President Leslie Maasdorp. He added the bank is starting to finalize the exact size of this bond issue.[28]

text: On 18 July 2016 the NDB successfully issued its first green financial bond with issue size of RMB 3 billion, tenor of 5 years in China onshore interbank bond market. The bond's nominal interest rate is 3.07%. The bank became the first international financial institution that issued a green financial bond in the China onshore bond market. The proceeds of the bond will be used for infrastructure and sustainable development projects in the member countries.[37]

text: Relations With Other Institutions[edit]

text: Approach[edit]

text: The Articles of Agreement of the bank say that the NDB was established to complement the existing efforts of multilateral and regional financial institutions for global growth and development. Moreover, the NDB is authorized by its founders to cooperate within its mandate with other international organizations, as well as national entities (public or private), in particular with international financial institutions and national development banks.[1]

text: The NDB President K.V.Kamath stresses that the bank regards other international financial institutions, including IMF and World Bank as partners, not rivals.[38]

text: Asian Development Bank[edit]

text: In July 2016, the NDB signed with Asian Development Bank (ADB) a memorandum of understanding on strategic cooperation. The two institutions expressed willingness to work together through co-financing and knowledge exchanges in areas including sustainable development projects in renewable energy, energy efficiency, clean transportation, sustainable water management, and sewage treatment.[39]

text: Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank[edit]

text: Although some analysts hypothesize that Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) and the NDB would compete with one another, currently there is no evidence of competition among these institutions.

text: Talking about the relations with AIIB, officials from the NDB's member-states point out the difference in the member-states of the NDB and AIIB as well as a potential to complement in working together to meet development and infrastructural needs.[40]

text: According to a representative of the Bank's management, the NDB and AIIB are sister institutions in many respects. These two banks have complementary mandates and different geographic focuses, with the NDB being more focused on BRICS countries. At the same time, there is a certain overlapping between mandates of the NDB and the AIIB, as both of them are aimed at developing infrastructure and pay a special attention to sustainable development. However, due to the fact that current financing and investment patterns are inadequate in meeting investment needs, there is "space for newcomers", he said.[41]

text: In February 2016, the president of the NDB dismissed concerns over overlapping of interests of China-backed Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) and the NDB.[42]

text: World Bank[edit]

text: According to media reports, other multilateral development institutions, including the World Bank Group (WBG), have expressed an intention to work together with the NDB.[43]

text: In September 2016, NDB and World Bank Group signed a memorandum of understanding on cooperation and it was announced that the NDB and WBG’s cooperative efforts will focus primarily on infrastructure.[44]

text: Reception[edit]

text: Prominent Scholars[edit]

text: In July 2014, Nobel Prize winning economist Joseph Stiglitz said the NDB marks a "fundamental change in global economic and political power." In his opinion, "The existing institutions just don’t have enough resources."[45]

text: Officials[edit]

text: Chinese Premier Li Keqiang called the opening of the NDB an "important step forward" in cooperation among BRICS countries. "This is great progress in financial cooperation among developing countries and emerging economies, as well as a helpful supplement to the global financial system," Li Keqiang said at a meeting with K. V. Kamath in Beijing in July, 2015.[46]

text: China Finance Minister Lou Jiwei said that the establishment of the NDB and the Beijing-led AIIB would encourage existing multilateral institutions to do better. At a news conference at the conclusion of the G20 meeting of finance ministers and central bank governors in Shanghai he added that the New Development Bank could help drive aggregate global demand.[47]

text: Bankers[edit]

text: 8 July 2015, VTB CEO Andrey Kostin said that the NDB is "important because it’s a first institution created by the BRICS countries." "Actually we are talking about the institutionalization of the BRICS process, and that’s quite important I think. It’s a permanent working instrument which will be working every day and which will be in the heart of BRICS cooperation," he added.

text: According to former Reserve Bank of India governor Raghuram Rajan, the NDB "Is a co-operative effort between all BRICS countries." "We have already reached contingency reserve agreement (CRA). This is second. Let’s see how it develops. Lots of hopes embedded in it for greater cooperation (among the) BRICS countries," he told reporters in February 2016.[48]

text: Logo and Identity[edit]

text: The logo of the New Development Bank borrows from the mathematical concept of a Mobius strip that symbolizes the idea of continuous transformation. Its nature is not to disrupt but drive change in the existing system from within.[49][50]

text: The logo consists of a triangle in motion at one end signifying balanced evolution. The other end, moving in the opposite direction, is a propeller that represents speed and dynamism. These two entities are held together by a wireframe, the skeletal basic of infrastructure. The logo is rendered in gradient of green that symbolizes sustainability. This constant motion symbolizes the values that the bank strives to live by – agility, innovation and continuous transformation.[51]


document_title: Boveri–Sutton chromosome theory

question_text: who proved that genes are located on chromosomes

root

text: Boveri–Sutton chromosome theory

text: Background[edit]

text:
"1. The chromosome group of the presynaptic germ-cells is made up of two equivalent chromosome-series, and that strong ground exists for the conclusion that one of these is paternal and the other maternal.
2. The process of synapsis (pseudo-reduction) consists in the union in pairs of the homologous members (i. e., those that correspond in size) of the two series.
3. The first post-synaptic or maturation mitosis is equational and hence results in no chromosomic differentiation.
4. The second post-synaptic division is a reducing division, resulting in the separation of the chromosomes which have conjugated in synapsis, and their relegation to different germ-cells.
5. The chromosomes retain a morphological individuality throughout the various cell-divisions.
"

W. S. Sutton, The Chromosomes in Heredity 1903[4]

tag: div

text: The chromosome theory of inheritance is credited to papers by Walter Sutton in 1902[5] and 1903,[6] as well as to independent work by Theodor Boveri during roughly the same period.[7] Boveri was studying sea urchins, in which he found that all the chromosomes had to be present for proper embryonic development to take place. Sutton's work with grasshoppers showed that chromosomes occur in matched pairs of maternal and paternal chromosomes which separate during meiosis and "may constitute the physical basis of the Mendelian law of heredity".[8]

tag: p

text: This groundbreaking work led E.B. Wilson in his classic text to name the chromosome theory of inheritance the "Sutton-Boveri Theory".[9] Wilson was close to both men, since the young Sutton was his student and the prominent Boveri was his friend (in fact, Wilson dedicated the afore-mentioned book to Boveri). Although the naming precedence is now often reversed to "Boveri-Sutton", there are some who argue that Boveri didn't actually articulate the theory until 1904.[10]

text: Verification[edit]

text: The proposal that chromosomes carried the factors of Mendelian inheritance was initially controversial, but in 1913 it gained strong support when Eleanor Carothers documented definitive evidence of independent assortment of chromosomes in a species of grasshopper.[11] Debate continued, however, until 1915 when Thomas Hunt Morgan's work on inheritance and genetic linkage in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster provided incontrovertible evidence for the proposal.[1][3] The unifying theory stated that inheritance patterns may be generally explained by assuming that genes are located in specific sites on chromosomes.


document_title: The Way Back

question_text: where was the movie the way back filmed

question_tokens: where was the movie the way back filmed

text: The Way Back

text: Plot[edit]

text: During World War II, after the Soviet invasion of Poland, young Polish army officer Janusz Wieszczek (Jim Sturgess) is held as a POW and interrogated by the NKVD. The Soviets, unable to get him to say he is a spy, take his wife into custody; from her they extort a statement condemning him. He is sentenced to 20 years in a Gulag labour camp deep in Siberia.

text: There he meets those with whom he later plans an escape: Mr. Smith (Ed Harris), an American engineer; Khabarov (Mark Strong), an actor; Valka (Colin Farrell), a hardened Russian criminal; Tomasz (Alexandru Potocean), a Polish artist; Voss (Gustaf Skarsgård), a Latvian priest; Kazik (Sebastian Urzendowsky), a Pole suffering from night blindness; and Zoran (Dragoș Bucur), a Yugoslav accountant. Khabarov secretly tells Janusz that he is planning to escape south to Mongolia, passing Lake Baikal. Smith cautions Janusz that it is Khabarov's way to discuss escape plans with newcomers, to maintain his morale, but nothing will come of it. At times Janusz seems to hallucinate the front door of a country home and adjoining window ledge, which holds plants and a rock he attempts to reach for. Janusz follows through with the escape with Smith, Valka, Voss, Tomasz, Zoran and Kazik during a severe snowstorm that covers their tracks.

text: Kazik freezes to death the second night of the trek, after losing his way back to the campsite while looking for wood, and the group buries him. After many days of travelling across the snows of Siberia, the group reaches Lake Baikal. There they meet Irena (Saoirse Ronan), a young Polish girl, who tells them that Russian soldiers murdered her parents and sent her to a collective farm near Warsaw, where they treated her cruelly, so she escaped. Smith realises the inaccuracies in her story, as Warsaw is occupied by the Germans; nevertheless, despite his misgivings that she'll slow them down and tax their meager food supply, he agrees with the group to let her in. Smith eventually cautions her about the lie and says he will not tolerate any more, in response to which she admits that her parents were communists but the communist rulers killed them anyway and sent her to an orphanage.

text: When the group reaches an unpatrolled border between the Soviet Union and Mongolia, Valka, who idolizes Joseph Stalin and does not know what he would do elsewhere, decides to stay. The rest continue to Ulan Bator, but soon they see images of Stalin and a red star. Janusz realises that Mongolia is under communist control and since China is at war with Japan, tells the group they should take refuge in British India. As they continue south across the Gobi Desert, lack of water, sandstorms, sunburn, blisters and sunstroke weaken the group. Irena collapses several times and soon dies. A few days later Tomasz collapses and dies. Smith is on the verge of death, but after being motivated by Janusz, Zoran and Voss, decides to rejoin the group and the severely dehydrated four find a much-needed water source. Soon after they reach China passing through the Great Wall.

text: As they reach the Himalayas, all of them on the verge of death, they are rescued by a Tibetan monk who takes them to a Buddhist monastery where they regain their strength. Smith decides to go to Lhasa with the help of one of the monk's contacts, who will smuggle him out through China. Once there, he anticipates he will be able to connect with the US military, his return to America ensured. The remaining three continue to trek through the Himalayas and soon reach India.

text: At the end of the film, Janusz keeps walking around the world until 1989, when Poland ousts the communists. The final scene of the film shows Janusz, 50 years after being taken captive, again envisioning the door and reaching for the rock; this time he takes a key hidden beneath the rock to open the door and reconcile with his wife.

text: Cast[edit]

text:
Jim Sturgess as Janusz Wieszczek, a young Polish inmate made a Prisoner of War during the Soviet invasion of Poland
Ed Harris as Mr. Smith, an American inmate and former engineer
Saoirse Ronan as Irena Zielińska, an orphaned teenage Polish girl on the run from Soviet Russia, who meets up with the fugitives near Lake Baikal
Colin Farrell as Valka, a tough Russian inmate and gambler whose most prized possession is a knife he calls "Wolf"
Dragoș Bucur as Zoran, a Yugoslavian inmate who used to be an accountant and is considered a funny man
Alexandru Potocean as Tomasz Horodinsky, a Polish inmate and former pastry chef who dreams of becoming an artist
Gustaf Skarsgård as Andrejs Voss, a Latvian inmate and former priest
Sebastian Urzendowsky as Kazik, a young Polish inmate suffering from night blindness
Mark Strong as Andrei Timofeyevich Khabarov, a Russian inmate and actor who was imprisoned when the play he was in was deemed subversive

tag: ul

text: Production[edit]

text: Background[edit]

text: The film is loosely based on The Long Walk (1956), Sławomir Rawicz's memoir depicting his alleged escape from a Siberian Gulag and subsequent 4,000-mile walk to freedom in Nepal (but called India in the movie). The book sold over 500,000 copies and is credited with inspiring many explorers. In 2006 the BBC unearthed records (including some written by Rawicz himself) which showed that, rather than having escaped from the gulag, he had in fact been released by the USSR in 1942.[2][3] In May 2009 Witold Gliński, a Polish World War II veteran living in the United Kingdom, came forward to claim that the basis of Rawicz's story was true, but it was actually an account of what had happened to him, not Rawicz. Glinski's claims have also been seriously questioned.[4][5][6][7] In addition, in 1942, a group of Siberian Gulag escapees is said to have hiked into Nepal.[2] However, this too is suspect.[4][8][9] Nevertheless, there is some circumstantial evidence that some sort of trek to freedom occurred, via the route outlined in the book and film. Captain Rupert Mayne, a British intelligence officer in Calcutta in 1942, interviewed three emaciated men, who claimed to have escaped from Siberia. Mayne always believed their story was the same as that of The Long Walk. So the possibility remains that someone - even if not Rawicz - achieved this extraordinary feat. [10] Though the director Peter Weir continues to claim that the so-called long walk happened, he himself now describes The Way Back as "essentially a fictional film".[2][11][12]

text: Many of the events that happen in the gulag scenes come from Varlam Shalamov's The Kolyma Tales, such as the scene where the man is killed for his sweater.

text: Laurence Harvey and Herbert Wilcox announced plans to make a film from The Long Walk in 1957.[13]

text: The actor Jeremy Child had the rights to the book for many years. He is thanked by the producers in the films credits.

text: Filming[edit]

text: Principal photography took place in India.[citation needed] India??

text: Reception[edit]

text: The Way Back received generally positive reviews. Review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes reports that 74% of critics gave the film a positive review based on 129 reviews, with an average score of 6.8 out of 10. The critical consensus is: "It isn't as emotionally involving as it should be, but this Peter Weir epic offers sweeping ambition and strong performances to go with its grand visual spectacle."[14] Empire awarded the film three out of five stars and said, "It's good, but from this director we have come to expect great."[15] The Guardian awarded it three out of five and said, "Weir has put together a good film – oddly, though, considering its scale, it feels like a rather small one."[16] The Telegraph called the film "A journey that feels awful and heroic and unfathomable – and one you’ll want to watch again."[17]

text: Music[edit]

text: The soundtrack to The Way Back was released on January 18, 2010.[18]

text:
No.
Title
Artist
Length

1.
"Interrogation"
Burkhard Dallwitz
3:36

2.
"New Arrivals"
Burkhard Dallwitz
1:16

3.
"Plans for Escape"
Burkhard Dallwitz
1:58

4.
"A Brave Man"
Burkhard Dallwitz
1:00

5.
"Escape"
Burkhard Dallwitz
2:48

6.
"Lake Baikal"
Burkhard Dallwitz
3:35

7.
"Freedom?"
Burkhard Dallwitz
3:02

8.
"Mirages Don't Have Birds"
Burkhard Dallwitz
2:34

9.
"The Abandoned Temple"
Burkhard Dallwitz
1:17

10.
"Water!"
Burkhard Dallwitz
3:36

11.
"Tibet"
Burkhard Dallwitz
5:26

12.
"India"
Burkhard Dallwitz
1:58

13.
"Keep on Walking"
Burkhard Dallwitz
2:42

14.
"Closing Credits"
Burkhard Dallwitz
7:39

Total length:
42:27

tag: table


document_title: Jamison (surname)

question_text: where does the last name jamison come from

text: Jamison (surname)

text: Jamison is a Scottish or northern Irish name, literally meaning "son of James", and found as both a male given name and a surname. As the latter, it may refer to:

text:
Antawn Jamison, American basketball player
Bud Jamison, American film actor.
Brandon Jamison, American football linebacker
Herbert Jamison, American athlete
John Jameson, Scottish businessman and founder of Jameson Irish Whiskey
Sir John Jamison, Ulster-Scots Knight, doctor of medicine, and pioneer Australian land owner
Jimi Jamison, American singer known for being the frontman of the rock band Survivor
Joniece Jamison, American singer and backing vocalist
Judith Jamison, Dancer, Ailven Ailey Dance Company
Kay Redfield Jamison, American psychologist and psychiatry professor
Linda and Terry Jamison, "psychic twins"
Matt Jamison
Nora Jamison
Norm Jamison, Canadian politician
Thomas Jamison, Ulster-Scots naval surgeon, First Fleet settler and a Surgeon-General of New South Wales, Australia
Vontrell Jamison, American football player


document_title: It Must Be Him (song)

question_text: who had a hit with it must be him in 1968

text: It Must Be Him (song)

text: English language cover[edit]

text: New English lyrics (and a new English title) were written by Mack David. The song was published in 1967. The best-selling version of the song was recorded that year by Vikki Carr, which reached number three on the U.S. pop chart and spent three weeks at number one on the easy listening chart.[1] The single peaked at number two in the United Kingdom, spent three weeks at number one in Australia and went to number thirteen in Ireland. Carr went on to record it in Spanish and Italian, as well. Carr's recording was featured in the 1987 Norman Jewison film Moonstruck.

text:
Shirley Bassey recorded the song on her 1967 album And We Were Lovers.
Dottie West recorded the song on her 1968 album of female vocalist hits Feminine Fancy.
Monique Leyrac recorded the song on her 1968 album Beautiful Morning.
Betty Chung (鍾玲玲),a Hong Kong female singer of the 1960s & '70s, recorded the song on her 1968 SP album I Want Action/It Must Be Him and LP album 野火 Wild Flame.
Carola Standertskjöld recorded the Finnish rendering "Se Onko Hän" for her 1970 album Kielletyt Leikit.
Harry James recorded a version on his album For Listening And Dancing (Reader's Digest RD4A 213, 1981)


document_title: List of islands of the Great Lakes

question_text: what is the largest island in the great lakes

text: List of islands of the Great Lakes

text: The Great Lakes islands consist of about 35,000 islands (scattered throughout Great Lakes), created by uneven glacial activity in the Great Lakes Basin in Canada (Ontario) and the United States. The largest of these is Manitoulin Island in Lake Huron in the province of Ontario. At 1,068 square miles (2,766 km²), it is the largest lake island in the world.

text: List of notable Great Lakes islands and archipelagos[edit]

text:
Apostle Islands
Ballast Island
Barker's Island
Bass Islands
Beaver Island
Belle Isle
Bois Blanc Island (Michigan)
Bois Blanc Island (Ontario)
Calf Island - Grosse Ile, MI area
Cana Island
Caribou Island
Catawba Island - former island now connected to mainland Ohio (2000 population 3,157)
Celeron Island -Gibraltar, MI area
Cockburn Island
Dickinson Island - St. Clair River
Drummond Island, contains Drummond Township, Michigan, population 992
Edmond Island - Gibraltar, MI area
Elba Island - Grosse Ile, MI area
Fighting Island - Detroit River area
Foleys Island - Luna Pier area
Fox Island ???
Fox Islands (Michigan)
Fox Islands (Ontario) ???
Gard Island - Michigan/Ohio border area
Grassy Island - Wyandotte, MI area
Green Bay Islands
Green Island - St. Clair River.
Green Island
Grosse Ile
Gull Island - St. Clair River
Harsens Island
Hickory Island - Grosse Ile, MI area
Horse Island - Gibraltar, MI area
Horseshoe Island
Howe Island
Indian Island - Michigan/Ohio border area
Isle Royale
Johnson's Island
Kelleys Island
Mackinac Island
Madeline Island, contains the Town of La Pointe (population 250)
Manitou Islands

North Manitou Island
South Manitou Island

Manitoulin Island, 12,600 residents, two unincorporated towns, and eight townships.
McDonald Island - St. Clair River
Meso Island - Grosse Ile, MI area
Michipicoten Island
Middle Island - St. Clair River
Neebish Island
North Island - St. Clair River
Parry Island
Pelee Island
Pilot Island
Rattlesnake Island
St Ignace Island
St. Joseph Island
Slate Islands
Sleeping Giant Island
South Bass Island
Strawberry Island - St. Clair River
Sugar Island (MI)
Sugar Island (OH)
Swan Island - Grosse Ile, MI area
Thirty Thousand Islands
Toronto Islands
Walpole Island
Washington Island, contains the Town of Washington (population 660)
Wolfe Island


document_title: Bon Cop, Bad Cop 2

question_text: where was bon cop bad cop 2 filmed

question_tokens: where was bon cop bad cop 2 filmed

text: Bon Cop, Bad Cop 2

text: Plot[edit]

text: Following the events of the first film, Martin Ward (Feore) and David Bouchard (Huard) remained friends but have gradually grown apart as their lives and careers have taken them in different directions; Ward is now a senior officer with the Royal Canadian Mounted Police, while Bouchard remains undercover with the Sûreté du Québec. This time, their roles are reversed: Ward takes the lead, and has his turn experiencing challenges in his personal life. In the present day, the two are reunited to investigate a car theft ring which turns out to be a front for a much bigger terrorist plot.[6]

text: Critics say the film gave their audience exactly what they expected: humour, action and nostalgia. [7] Fans claim the actors display the same chemistry as the first film, and ratings reflect high satisfaction from viewers.

text: Politics[edit]

text: The film touches on what seems to be a political angle, with some satire thrown at the U.S., but actor Colm Feore expresses that they are trying to convey a sociological message, in that Canadians and Americans have fundamental differences. The actor goes on to say that it’s also a jab at Americans for their ignorance of Canadian culture over the years.[8] One way this is portrayed in the film, is when local U.S. officers are weary of French speaking cop Huard and question his nationality.

text: Cast[edit]

text:
Patrick Huard — David Bouchard
Colm Feore — Martin Ward
Marc Beaupré — Mike Dubois
Noam Jenkins — Sylvio Dipietro
Andreas Apergis — Agent Blaine
Mariana Mazza — MC
Erik Knudsen — Jonathan Ward
Sarah-Jeanne Labrosse — Gabrielle Bouchard
Lucie Laurier — Suzie Bouchard

text: Patrick Huard[edit]

text: Background and work[edit]

text: Patrick Huard, a prominent public figure in Quebec, has an extensive background in Canadian entertainment. As screenplay writer, producer, and lead actor, Huard played an active role in the overall production of the film. He was first inspired to write the series original film Bon Cop Bad Cop during a performed comedic monologue at the Genie Awards in 2003.[9] The actor played on linguistic and cultural differences, and realized those were the very things that perhaps separated, and also united Franco and Anglo Canadian audiences. He claims “The one thing we can laugh about together is our differences. That's when I had a flash for Bon Cop.”[10]

text: Huard’s directing began with his feature film Les 3 P’tits Cochons, where he worked alongside producer Pierre Gendron that helped the film come to life.[11] He claims in an interview that he wanted to direct long before he thought about becoming an actor. In his early life, he worked at a licence bureau where he spent his down time watching several films a week. As visionary of the series, he said the sequel would “have more ambition” than the first, and that he had been thinking about the sequel for 9 years before its production began.[12]

text: Some of his other work includes roles in twenty Canadian feature films as well as television series, hosting and appearing at the Just For Laughs Gala, talk radio, solo efforts, and much more. The Quebec public has also awarded him for best actor and male personality of the year in 2009 and 2010.[13]

text: Production[edit]

text: Production of the film began in Montreal and its Eastern Townships in May 2016.[4] Unlike the original film, which derived much of its humour from the culture clash between English Canada and Quebec, the sequel's script downplays that aspect in favour of a focus on Canada's relationship with the United States.[6] The cast also includes radio broadcaster John Moore as the President of the United States.[14] Colm Feore claims that "the wonderful thing about the movie is the way it capitalizes on cultural differences for laughs, but never puts one side above the other." [15] This same narrative is carried throughout the sequel, with more humour and more action. Screenplay writer, Huard, says in an interview that there is a much less "combative tone” between the two cops, and that the film also tells a story about friendship.[16]

text: Michael Madsen was slated to appear in the film as an FBI agent, but was forced to drop out for health reasons and was replaced by Andreas Apergis.[17]


document_title: List of Oklahoma Sooners bowl games

question_text: who did oklahoma play in the bowl game last year

text: List of Oklahoma Sooners bowl games

text:
Oklahoma Sooners

First season
1895

Bowl record
29–20–1 (.590)

BCS bowl appearances
9 (Rose, Fiesta, Orange, Sugar, BCS NCG)

BCS bowl record
4-5

CFP Playoff appearances
1 (2015)

CFP Playoff record
0-1

First bowl appearance
1939 Orange Bowl, L 17−0

Last bowl appearance
2017 Sugar Bowl, W 35−19

Longest win streak
4 (1954-1959, 1972-1976, 1979-1981)

Longest losing streak
3 (2007-2009)

Most bowl appearances
19 (Orange Bowl)

text: The Oklahoma Sooners college football team competes as part of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS), representing the University of Oklahoma in the Big 12 Conference. Since the establishment of the team in 1895, OU has appeared in 50 bowl games and has a record of 29 victories, 20 losses, and one tie.[1] Oklahoma is one of only two schools to have appeared in all five of the BCS bowl games (2001 Orange, 2003 Rose, 2004 Sugar, 2007 Fiesta, 2009 BCS NCG), with the other being Ohio State.[2]

text: Bowl games[edit]

text:
List of bowl games

#
Bowl[1]
Score
Date
Season
Opponent
Stadium
Location
Attendance[1]
Head coach

1
Orange Bowl
L 01 !L 0–17
000000001939-01-02-0000January 2, 1939
1938
Tennessee
Orange Bowl
Miami, Florida
32,191
Stidham, TomTom Stidham

2
Gator Bowl
W 02 !W 34–12
000000001947-01-01-0000January 1, 1947
1946
NC State
Fairfield Stadium
Jacksonville, Florida
10,034
Tatum, JimJim Tatum

3
Sugar Bowl
W 03 !W 14–6
000000001949-01-01-0000January 1, 1949
1948
North Carolina
Tulane Stadium
New Orleans, Louisiana
80,383
Wilkinson, BudBud Wilkinson

4
Sugar Bowl
W 04 !W 35–0
000000001950-01-02-0000January 2, 1950
1949
LSU
Tulane Stadium
New Orleans, Louisiana
82,000
Wilkinson, BudBud Wilkinson

5
Sugar Bowl
L 05 !L 7–13
000000001951-01-01-0000January 1, 1951
1950
Kentucky
Tulane Stadium
New Orleans, Louisiana
80,206
Wilkinson, BudBud Wilkinson

6
Orange Bowl
W 06 !W 7–0
000000001954-01-01-0000January 1, 1954
1953
Maryland
Orange Bowl
Miami, Florida
68,640
Wilkinson, BudBud Wilkinson

7
Orange Bowl
W 07 !W 20–6
000000001956-01-02-0000January 2, 1956
1955
Maryland
Orange Bowl
Miami, Florida
75,561
Wilkinson, BudBud Wilkinson

8
Orange Bowl
W 08 !W 48–21
000000001958-01-01-0000January 1, 1958
1957
Duke
Orange Bowl
Miami, Florida
76,561
Wilkinson, BudBud Wilkinson

9
Orange Bowl
W 09 !W 21–6
000000001959-01-01-0000January 1, 1959
1958
Syracuse
Orange Bowl
Miami, Florida
75,281
Wilkinson, BudBud Wilkinson

10
Orange Bowl
L 10 !L 0–17
000000001963-01-01-0000January 1, 1963
1962
Alabama
Orange Bowl
Miami, Florida
73,380
Wilkinson, BudBud Wilkinson

11
Gator Bowl
L 11 !L 19–36
000000001965-01-02-0000January 2, 1965
1964
Florida State
Gator Bowl Stadium
Miami, Florida
50,408
Jones, GomerGomer Jones

12
Orange Bowl
W 12 !W 26–24
000000001968-01-01-0000January 1, 1968
1967
Tennessee
Orange Bowl
Miami, Florida
77,993
Fairbanks, ChuckChuck Fairbanks

13
Astro-Bluebonnet Bowl
L 13 !L 27–28
000000001968-12-31-0000December 31, 1968
1968
SMU
Rice Stadium
Houston, Texas
53,453
Fairbanks, ChuckChuck Fairbanks

14
Astro-Bluebonnet Bowl
T 14 !T 24–24
000000001970-12-31-0000December 31, 1970
1970
Alabama
Houston Astrodome
Houston, Texas
53,822
Fairbanks, ChuckChuck Fairbanks

15
Sugar Bowl
W 15 !W 40–22
000000001972-01-01-0000January 1, 1972
1971
Auburn
Tulane Stadium
New Orleans, Louisiana
84,031
Fairbanks, ChuckChuck Fairbanks

16
Sugar Bowl
W 16 !W 14–0
000000001972-12-31-0000December 31, 1972
1972
Penn State
Tulane Stadium
New Orleans, Louisiana
72,316
Fairbanks, ChuckChuck Fairbanks

17
Orange Bowl
W 17 !W 14–6
000000001976-01-01-0000January 1, 1976
1975
Michigan
Orange Bowl
Miami, Florida
80,307
Switzer, BarryBarry Switzer

18
Fiesta Bowl
W 18 !W 41–7
000000001976-12-25-0000December 25, 1976
1976
Wyoming
Sun Devil Stadium
Tempe, Arizona
46,315
Switzer, BarryBarry Switzer

19
Orange Bowl
L 19 !L 6–31
000000001978-01-01-0000January 1, 1978
1977
Arkansas
Miami Orange Bowl
Miami, Florida
69,500
Switzer, BarryBarry Switzer

20
Orange Bowl
W 20 !W 31–24
000000001979-01-01-0000January 1, 1979
1978
Nebraska
Miami Orange Bowl
Miami, Florida
66,635
Switzer, BarryBarry Switzer

21
Orange Bowl
W 21 !W 24–7
000000001980-01-01-0000January 1, 1980
1979
Florida State
Miami Orange Bowl
Miami, Florida
66,714
Switzer, BarryBarry Switzer

22
Orange Bowl
W 22 !W 18–17
000000001981-01-01-0000January 1, 1981
1980
Florida State
Miami Orange Bowl
Miami, Florida
71,043
Switzer, BarryBarry Switzer

23
Sun Bowl
W 23 !W 40–14
000000001981-12-26-0000December 26, 1981
1981
Houston
Sun Bowl Stadium
El Paso, Texas
33,816
Switzer, BarryBarry Switzer

24
Fiesta Bowl
L 24 !L 21–32
000000001983-01-01-0000January 1, 1983
1982
Arizona State
Sun Devil Stadium
Tempe, Arizona
70,553
Switzer, BarryBarry Switzer

25
Orange Bowl
L 25 !L 17–28
000000001985-01-01-0000January 1, 1985
1984
Washington
Miami Orange Bowl
Miami, Florida
56,294
Switzer, BarryBarry Switzer

26
Orange Bowl
W 26 !W 25–10
000000001986-01-01-0000January 1, 1986
1985
Penn State
Miami Orange Bowl
Miami, Florida
74,178
Switzer, BarryBarry Switzer

27
Orange Bowl
W 27 !W 42–8
000000001987-01-01-0000January 1, 1987
1986
Arkansas
Miami Orange Bowl
Miami, Florida
57,291
Switzer, BarryBarry Switzer

28
Orange Bowl
L 28 !L 14–20
000000001988-01-01-0000January 1, 1988
1987
Miami
Miami Orange Bowl
Miami, Florida
74,760
Switzer, BarryBarry Switzer

29
Citrus Bowl
L 29 !L 6–13
000000001989-01-02-0000January 2, 1989
1988
Clemson
Citrus Bowl
Orlando, Florida
53,571
Switzer, BarryBarry Switzer

30
Gator Bowl
W 30 !W 48–14
000000001991-12-29-0000December 29, 1991
1991
Virginia
Gator Bowl Stadium
Jacksonville, Florida
62,003
Gibbs, GaryGary Gibbs

31
John Hancock Bowl
W 31 !W 41–10
000000001993-12-24-0000December 24, 1993
1993
Texas Tech
Sun Bowl Stadium
El Paso, Texas
43,848
Gibbs, GaryGary Gibbs

32
Copper Bowl
L 32 !L 6–31
000000001994-12-29-0000December 29, 1994
1994
BYU
Arizona Stadium
Tucson, Arizona
45,122
Gibbs, GaryGary Gibbs

33
Independence Bowl
L 33 !L 25–27
000000001999-12-31-0000December 31, 1999
1999
Ole Miss
Independence Stadium
Shreveport, Louisiana
49,843
Stoops, BobBob Stoops

34
Orange Bowl
W 34 !W 13–2
000000002001-01-01-0000January 1, 2001
2000
Florida State
Pro Player Stadium
Miami Gardens, Florida
76,835
Stoops, BobBob Stoops

35
Cotton Bowl
W 35 !W 10–3
000000002002-01-01-0000January 1, 2002
2001
Arkansas
Cotton Bowl
Dallas, Texas
72,955
Stoops, BobBob Stoops

36
Rose Bowl
W 36 !W 34–14
000000002003-01-01-0000January 1, 2003
2002
Washington State
Rose Bowl
Pasadena, California
86,848
Stoops, BobBob Stoops

37
Sugar Bowl
L 37 !L 14–21
000000002004-01-04-0000January 4, 2004
2003
LSU
Louisiana Superdome
New Orleans, Louisiana
79,342
Stoops, BobBob Stoops

38
Orange Bowl
L 38 !L 19–55
000000002005-01-04-0000January 4, 2005
2004
USC
Pro Player Stadium
Miami Gardens, Florida
77,912
Stoops, BobBob Stoops

39
Holiday Bowl
W 39 !W 17–14
000000002005-12-29-0000December 29, 2005
2005
Oregon
Qualcomm Stadium
San Diego, California
65,416
Stoops, BobBob Stoops

40
Fiesta Bowl
L 40 !L 42–43
000000002007-01-01-0000January 1, 2007
2006
Boise State
University of Phoenix Stadium
Glendale, Arizona
73,719
Stoops, BobBob Stoops

41
Fiesta Bowl
L 41 !L 28–48
000000002008-01-02-0000January 2, 2008
2007
West Virginia
University of Phoenix Stadium
Glendale, Arizona
70,016
Stoops, BobBob Stoops

42
BCS NCG
L 42 !L 14–24
000000002009-01-08-0000January 8, 2009
2008
Florida
Dolphin Stadium
Miami Gardens, Florida
70,016
Stoops, BobBob Stoops

43
Sun Bowl
W43 !W 31–27
000000002009-12-31-0000December 31, 2009
2009
Stanford
Sun Bowl Stadium
El Paso, Texas
53,713
Stoops, BobBob Stoops

44
Fiesta Bowl
W 44 !W 25–48
000000002011-01-01-0000January 1, 2011
2010
Connecticut
University of Phoenix Stadium
Glendale, Arizona
67,232
Stoops, BobBob Stoops

45
Insight Bowl
W 45 !W 31–14
000000002011-12-30-0000December 30, 2011
2011
Iowa
Sun Devil Stadium
Tempe, Arizona
54,247
Stoops, BobBob Stoops

46
Cotton Bowl
L 46 !L 13–41
000000002013-01-04-0000January 4, 2013
2012
Texas A&M
Cowboys Stadium
Arlington, Texas
87,025
Stoops, BobBob Stoops

47
Sugar Bowl
w 47 !W 45–31
000000002014-01-02-0000January 2, 2014
2013
Alabama
Mercedes-Benz Superdome
New Orleans, Louisiana
70,473
Stoops, BobBob Stoops

48
Russell Athletic Bowl
L 48 !L 6–40
000000002014-12-29-0000December 29, 2014
2014
Clemson
Orlando Citrus Bowl Stadium
Orlando, Florida
42,702
Stoops, BobBob Stoops

49
Orange Bowl
L 49 !L 17–37
000000002015-12-31-0000December 31, 2015
2015
Clemson
Sun Life Stadium
Miami Gardens, Florida
67,615
Stoops, BobBob Stoops

50
Sugar Bowl
W 50 !W 35–19
000000002017-01-02-0000January 2, 2017
2016
Auburn
Mercedes-Benz Superdome
New Orleans, Louisiana
54,077
Stoops, BobBob Stoops


document_title: Aral Sea

question_text: what caused the dramatic reduction to the aral sea in former soviet union

text: Aral Sea

text: Formation[edit]

text: Geographer Dr. Nick Middleton believes that the Amu Darya did not flow into the shallow depression that now forms the Aral Sea until the beginning of the Holocene,[11] and it is known that the Amu Darya flowed into the Caspian Sea via the Uzboy channel until the Holocene.[11] The Syr Darya formed a large lake in the Kyzyl Kum during the Pliocene known as the Mynbulak depression.[12]

text: History[edit]

text: Most of the area around the Aral Sea was inhabited by desert nomads who left few written records. However, the Oxus delta to the south has a long history under the name of Khwarezm. It used to be the westernmost border of Tang dynasty China.

text: Naval history[edit]

text: Russian naval presence on the Aral Sea started in 1847, with the founding of Raimsk, which was soon renamed Fort Aralsk, near the mouth of the Syr Darya. Soon, the Imperial Russian Navy started deploying its vessels on the sea. Owing to the Aral Sea basin not being connected to other bodies of water, the vessels had to be disassembled in Orenburg on the Ural River, shipped overland to Aralsk (presumably by a camel caravan), and then reassembled. The first two ships, assembled in 1847, were the two-masted schooners named Nikolai and Mikhail. The former was a warship; the latter was a merchant vessel meant to serve the establishment of the fisheries on the great lake. In 1848, these two vessels surveyed the northern part of the sea. In the same year, a larger warship, the Constantine, was assembled. Commanded by Lt. Alexey Butakov (Алексей Бутаков), the Constantine completed the survey of the entire Aral Sea over the next two years.[13] The exiled Ukrainian poet and painter Taras Shevchenko participated in the expedition, and painted a number of sketches of the Aral Sea coast.[14]

text: For the navigation season of 1851, two newly built steamers arrived from Sweden, again by caravan from Orenburg. As the geological surveys had found no coal deposits in the area, the Military Governor-General of Orenburg Vasily Perovsky ordered "as large as possible supply" of saxaul (Haloxylon ammodendron, a desert shrub, akin to the creosote bush) to be collected in Aralsk for use by the new steamers. Unfortunately, saxaul wood did not turn out a very suitable fuel, and in the later years, the Aral Flotilla was provisioned, at substantial cost, by coal from the Donbass.[13] (This was part of the Russian conquest of Turkestan.)

text:
First Russian boats on the Aral Sea, sketch by Taras Shevchenko, 1848

Ships of Imperial Russian Navy's Aral Flotilla in the 1850s

text: Irrigation canals[edit]

text: In the early 1960s,[15] the Soviet government decided the two rivers that fed the Aral Sea, the Amu Darya in the south and the Syr Darya in the east, would be diverted to irrigate the desert, in an attempt to grow rice, melons, cereals, and cotton.

text: This was part of the Soviet plan for cotton, or "white gold", to become a major export. This temporarily succeeded, and in 1988, Uzbekistan was the world's largest exporter of cotton.[16]

text: The construction of irrigation canals began on a large scale in the 1940s.[clarification needed] Many of the canals were poorly built, allowing water to leak or evaporate. From the Qaraqum Canal, the largest in Central Asia, perhaps 30 to 75% of the water went to waste. Today,[when?] only 12% of Uzbekistan's irrigation canal length is waterproofed. Of the 47,750 km of interfarm irrigation channels in the basin, only 28% have anti-infiltration linings. Only 77% of farm intakes have flow gauges, and of the 268,500 km of onfarm channels, only 21% have anti-infiltration linings, which retain on average 15% more water than unlined channels.[17]

text: By 1960, between 20 and 60 km3 (4.8 and 14.4 cu mi) of water each year was going to the land instead of the sea. Most of the sea's water supply had been diverted, and in the 1960s, the Aral Sea began to shrink. From 1961 to 1970, the Aral's level fell at an average of 20 cm (7.9 in) a year; in the 1970s, the average rate nearly tripled to 50–60 cm (20–24 in) per year, and by the 1980s, it continued to drop, now with a mean of 80–90 cm (31–35 in) each year. The rate of water use for irrigation continued to increase; the amount of water taken from the rivers doubled between 1960 and 2000, and cotton production nearly doubled in the same period.

text: The disappearance of the lake was no surprise to the Soviets; they expected it to happen long before. As early as 1964, Aleksandr Asarin at the Hydroproject Institute pointed out that the lake was doomed, explaining, "It was part of the five-year plans, approved by the council of ministers and the Politburo. Nobody on a lower level would dare to say a word contradicting those plans, even if it was the fate of the Aral Sea."[18]

text: The reaction to the predictions varied. Some Soviet experts apparently considered the Aral to be "nature's error", and a Soviet engineer said in 1968, "it is obvious to everyone that the evaporation of the Aral Sea is inevitable."[19] On the other hand, starting in the 1960s, a large-scale project was proposed to redirect part of the flow of the rivers of the Ob basin to Central Asia over a gigantic canal system. Refilling of the Aral Sea was considered as one of the project's main goals. However, due to its staggering costs and the negative public opinion in Russia proper, the federal authorities abandoned the project by 1986.[20]

text: From 1960 to 1998, the sea's surface area shrank by about 60%, and its volume by 80%. In 1960, the Aral Sea had been the world's fourth-largest lake, with an area around 68,000 km2 (26,000 sq mi) and a volume of 1,100 km3 (260 cu mi); by 1998, it had dropped to 28,687 km2 (11,076 sq mi) and eighth largest. The salinity of the Aral Sea also increased: by 1990 it was around 376 g/l.[4] (By comparison, the salinity of ordinary seawater is typically around 35 g/l; the Dead Sea's salinity varies between 300 and 350 g/l.)

text: In 1987, the continuing shrinkage split the lake into two separate bodies of water, the North Aral Sea (the Lesser Sea, or Small Aral Sea) and the South Aral Sea (the Greater Sea, or Large Aral Sea). In June 1991, Uzbekistan gained independence from the Soviet Union. Craig Murray, a UK ambassador to Uzbekistan in 2002, described the independence as a way for Islam Karimov to consolidate his power rather than a move away from a Soviet-style economy and its philosophy of exploitation of the land. Murray attributes the shrinkage of the Aral Sea in the 1990s to Karimov's cotton policy. The government maintained an enormous irrigation system which Murray described as massively wasteful, with most of the water being lost through evaporation before reaching the cotton.[clarification needed] Crop rotation was not used, and the depleted soil and monoculture required massive quantities of pesticides and fertilizer. The runoff from the fields washed these chemicals into the shrinking sea, creating severe pollution and health problems. As the water supply of the Aral Sea decreased, the demand for cotton increased and the Soviet[clarification needed] reacted by pouring more pesticides and fertilizer onto the land. Murray compared the system to the slavery system in the pre-Civil War United States; forced labor was used, and profits were siphoned off by the powerful and well-connected.[21]

text: By summer 2003, the South Aral Sea was vanishing faster than predicted. In the deepest parts of the sea, the bottom waters were saltier than the top, and not mixing. Thus, only the top of the sea was heated in the summer, and it evaporated faster than would otherwise be expected. In 2003, the South Aral further divided into eastern and western basins.

text: In 2004, the Aral Sea's surface area was only 17,160 km2 (6,630 sq mi), 25% of its original size, and a nearly five-fold increase in salinity had killed most of its natural flora and fauna. By 2007, the sea's area had further shrunk to 10% of its original size. The decline of the North Aral has now been partially reversed following construction of a dam (see below), but the remnants of the South Aral continue to disappear and its drastic shrinkage has created the Aralkum, a desert on the former lake bed.

text: The inflow of groundwater into the South Aral Sea will probably not in itself be able to stop the desiccation, especially without a change in irrigation practices.[22] This inflow of about 4 km3 (0.96 cu mi) per year is larger than previously estimated. The groundwater originates in the Pamirs and Tian Shan Mountains and finds its way through geological layers to a fracture zone[23] at the bottom of the Aral.

text:
Aral Sea from space, North at bottom, August 1985

Aral Sea from space, North at bottom, August 1997

Aral Sea from space, North at top, August 2009

text: Impact on environment, economy, and public health[edit]

text: The ecosystems of the Aral Sea and the river deltas feeding into it have been nearly destroyed, not least because of the much higher salinity. The receding sea has left huge plains covered with salt and toxic chemicals – the results of weapons testing, industrial projects, and pesticides and fertilizer runoff – which are picked up and carried away by the wind as toxic dust and spread to the surrounding area. As a result, the land around the Aral Sea is heavily polluted, and the people living in the area are suffering from a lack of fresh water and health problems, including high rates of certain forms of cancer and lung diseases. Respiratory illnesses, including tuberculosis (most of which is drug resistant) and cancer, digestive disorders, anaemia, and infectious diseases are common ailments in the region. Liver, kidney, and eye problems can also be attributed to the toxic dust storms. These dust storms also contributed to the lack of fresh water since the salt melted the glaciers faster and not enough moisture was in the air to help replace them. The dust storms increased the melting levels for the glaciers by 12 times the normal rate.[23] Health concerns associated with the region are a cause for an unusually high fatality rate amongst vulnerable parts of the population. The child mortality rate is 75 in every 1,000 newborns and maternity death is 12 in every 1,000 women.[24] An overuse of pesticides on crops was one of the contributing factors to this. To get their crops to grow, their pesticide use would have to exceed health standards and could be twenty times more than the national average.[23] Crops in the region are destroyed by salt being deposited onto the land and are flushed with water at least 4 times a day to try and remove the salinity from the soils.[23] Vast salt plains exposed by the shrinking Aral have produced dust storms, making regional winters colder and summers hotter.[25][26][27][28]

text: The Aral Sea fishing industry, which in its heyday employed some 40,000 and reportedly produced one-sixth of the Soviet Union's entire fish catch, has been devastated, and former fishing towns along the original shores have become ship graveyards. Aral, the main Kazakh fishing port in its heyday, is now several miles from the sea and has seen its population decline dramatically since the beginning of the crisis[29]. The town of Moynaq in Uzbekistan had a thriving harbor and fishing industry that employed about 30,000 people;[30] now it lies miles from the shore. Fishing boats lie scattered on the dry land that was once covered by water; many have been there for 20 years. The only significant fishing company left in the area has its fish shipped from the Baltic Sea, thousands of kilometers away.[31]

text: Also destroyed is the muskrat-trapping industry in the deltas of the Amu Darya and Syr Darya, which used to yield as many as 500,000 pelts a year.[18]

text:
Aral Sea dust storm, March 2010

Abandoned ship near Aral, Kazakhstan

A former harbor in the city of Aral

Local Kazakh fisherman harvesting the day's catch

text: Solution[edit]

text: Possible environmental solutions[edit]

text: Many different solutions to the problems have been suggested over the years, varying in feasibility and cost, including:

text:
Improving the quality of irrigation canals
Installing desalination plants
Charging farmers to use the water from the rivers
Using alternative cotton species that require less water[32]
Promoting non-agricultural economic development in upstream countries[33]
Using fewer chemicals on the cotton
Cultivating crops other than cotton
Installing dams to fill the Aral Sea
Redirecting water from the Volga, Ob and Irtysh Rivers to restore the Aral Sea to its former size in 20–30 years at a cost of US$30–50 billion[34]
Pumping sea water into the Aral Sea from the Caspian Sea via a pipeline, and diluting it with fresh water from local catchment areas[35]

text: In January 1994, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Tajikistan, and Kyrgyzstan signed a deal to pledge 1% of their budgets to help the sea recover.

text: In March 2000, UNESCO presented their "Water-related vision for the Aral Sea basin for the year 2025"[36] at the second World Water Forum in The Hague. This document was criticized for setting unrealistic goals and for giving insufficient attention to the interests of the area immediately around the former lakesite, implicitly giving up on the Aral Sea and the people living on the Uzbek side of the lake.[37]

text: By 2006, the World Bank's restoration projects, especially in the North Aral, were giving rise to some unexpected, tentative relief in what had been an extremely pessimistic picture.[38]

text: Aral Sea Basin program[edit]

text: The future of the Aral Sea, and the responsibility for its survival are now in the hands of the five countries: Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, and Turkmenistan. In 1994, they adopted the Aral Sea Basin Program.[39] The Program’s four objectives are:

text:
To stabilize the environment of the Aral Sea Basin
To rehabilitate the disaster area around the sea
To improve the management of the international waters of the Aral Sea Basin
To build the capacity of institutions at the regional and national level to advance the program’s aims

text: ASBP: Phase One[edit]

text: The first phase of the plan effectively began with the first involvement from the World Bank in 1992, and was in operation until 1997. It was ineffectual for a number of reasons, but mainly because it was focused on improving directly the land around the Aral Sea, whilst not intervening in the water usage upstream. There was considerable concern amongst the Central Asian governments, which realised the importance of the Aral Sea in the ecosystem and the economy of Central Asia, and they were prepared to cooperate, but they found it difficult to implement the procedures of the plan.[citation needed]

text: This is due in part to a lack of co-operation among the affected people. The water flowing into the Aral Sea has long been considered an important commodity, and trade agreements have been made to supply the downstream communities with water in the spring and summer months for irrigation. In return, they supply the upstream countries with fuel during the winter, instead of storing water during the warm months for hydroelectric purposes in winter. However, very few legal obligations are binding these contracts, particularly on an international stage.[citation needed]

text: ASBP: Phase Two[edit]

text: Phase Two of the Aral Sea Basin program followed in 1998 and ran for five years. The main shortcomings of phase two were due to its lack of integration with the local communities involved. The scheme was drawn up by the World Bank, government representatives, and various technical experts, without consulting those who would be affected. An example of this was the public awareness initiatives, which were seen as propagandist attempts by people with little care or understanding of their situation. These failures have led to the introduction of a new plan, funded by a number of institutions, including the five countries involved and the World Bank.

text: ASBP: Phase Three[edit]

text: In 1997, a new plan was conceived which would continue with the previous restoration efforts of the Aral Sea. The main aims of this phase are to improve the irrigation systems currently in place, whilst targeting water management at a local level. The largest project in this phase is the North Aral Sea Project, a direct effort to recover the northern region of the Aral Sea. The North Aral Sea Project’s main initiative is the construction of a dam across the Berg Strait, a deep channel which connects the North Aral Sea to the South Aral Sea. The Kok-Aral Dam is eight miles long and has capacity for over 29 cubic kilometres of water to be stored in the North Aral Sea, whilst allowing excess to overflow into the South Aral Sea.

text: North Aral Sea restoration work[edit]

text: Work is being done to restore in part the North Aral Sea. Irrigation works on the Syr Darya have been repaired and improved to increase its water flow, and in October 2003, the Kazakh government announced a plan to build Dike Kokaral, a concrete dam separating the two halves of the Aral Sea. Work on this dam was completed in August 2005; since then, the water level of the North Aral has risen, and its salinity has decreased. As of 2006[update], some recovery of sea level has been recorded, sooner than expected.[40] "The dam has caused the small Aral's sea level to rise swiftly to 38 m (125 ft), from a low of less than 30 m (98 ft), with 42 m (138 ft) considered the level of viability."[41]

text: Economically significant stocks of fish have returned, and observers who had written off the North Aral Sea as an environmental disaster were surprised by unexpected reports that, in 2006, its returning waters were already partly reviving the fishing industry and producing catches for export as far as Ukraine. The restoration reportedly gave rise to long-absent rain clouds and possible microclimate changes, bringing tentative hope to an agricultural sector swallowed by a regional dustbowl, and some expansion of the shrunken sea.[42]

text: "The sea, which had receded almost 100 km (62 mi) south of the port-city of Aralsk, is now a mere 25 km (16 mi) away." The Kazakh Foreign Ministry stated that "The North Aral Sea's surface increased from 2,550 square kilometers (980 sq mi) in 2003 to 3,300 square kilometers (1,300 sq mi) in 2008. The sea's depth increased from 30 meters (98 ft) in 2003 to 42 meters (138 ft) in 2008."[2] Now, a second dam is to be built based on a World Bank loan to Kazakhstan, with the start of construction initially slated for 2009 and postponed to 2011, to further expand the shrunken Northern Aral,[43][not in citation given] eventually reducing the distance to Aralsk to only 6 km (3.7 mi). Then, it was planned to build a canal spanning the last 6 km, to reconnect the withered former port of Aralsk to the sea.[44]

text: Kazakhstan has made major efforts to revive the Aral Sea. The 13 km (8.1 mi) Kok-Aral dam, completed in 2005 by Kazakhstan and financed by World Bank, allows water of the Syr Darya to accumulate and helps restore delta and riverine wetland ecosystems in the Northern Sea.[45] Since then, the northern part of the lake, which lies in Kazakhstan, is slowly reviving.[45]

text: Future of South Aral Sea[edit]

text: The South Aral Sea, half of which lies in Uzbekistan, was largely abandoned to its fate. Only excess water from the North Aral Sea is now periodically allowed to flow into the largely dried-up South Aral Sea through a sluice in the dike.[46] Discussions had been held on recreating a channel between the somewhat improved North and the desiccated South, along with uncertain wetland restoration plans throughout the region, but political will is lacking.[40] Uzbekistan shows no interest in abandoning the Amu Darya river as an abundant source of cotton irrigation, and instead is moving toward oil exploration in the drying South Aral seabed.[44]

text: Attempts to mitigate the effects of desertification include planting vegetation in the newly exposed seabed; however, intermittent flooding of the eastern basin is likely to prove problematic for any development. Redirecting what little flow there is from the Amu Darya to the western basin may salvage fisheries there while relieving the flooding of the eastern basin.[47]

text: Institutional bodies[edit]

text: The Interstate Commission for Water Coordination of Central Asia (ICWC) was formed on February 18, 1992 to formally unite the five Central Asian countries in the hopes of solving environmental as well as socioeconomic problems in the Aral Sea region. These five states are the Republic of Kazakhstan, the Kyrgyz Republic, the Republic of Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and the Republic of Uzbekistan. The River Basin Organizations (the BVOs) of the Syr Darya and Amu Darya rivers were institutions called upon by the ICWC to help manage water resources. According to the ICWC,[48] the main objectives of the body are:

text:
River basin management
Water allocation without conflict
Organization of water conservation on transboundary water courses
Interaction with hydrometeorological services of the countries on flow forecast and account
Introduction of automation into head structures
Regular work on ICWC and its bodies' activity advancement
Interstate agreements preparation
International relations
Scientific research
Training

text: The International Fund for Saving the Aral Sea (IFAS) was developed on March 23, 1993 by the ICWC to raise funds for the projects under Aral Sea Basin programs. The IFAS was meant to finance programs to save the sea and improve on environmental issues associated with the basin’s drying. This program has had some success with joint summits of the countries involved and finding funding from the World Bank to implement projects; however, it faces many challenges, such as enforcement and slowing progress.[49]

text: Vozrozhdeniya[edit]

text: Vozrozhdeniya, also known as "Resurrection Island", is a former island of the Aral Sea or South Aral Sea. Due to the ongoing shrinkage of the Aral, it became first a peninsula in mid-2001 and finally part of the mainland.[50] Other islands like Kokaral and Barsa-Kelmes shared a similar fate. Since the disappearance of the Southeast Aral in 2008, Vozrozhdeniya effectively no longer exists as a distinct geographical feature. The area is now shared by Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan.

text: In 1948, a top-secret Soviet bioweapons laboratory was established on the island, in the center of the Aral Sea which is now disputed territory between Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan. The exact history, functions and current status of this facility are still unclear, but bio-agents tested there included Bacillus anthracis, Coxiella burnetii, Francisella tularensis, Brucella suis, Rickettsia prowazekii, Variola major (smallpox), Yersinia pestis, botulinum toxin, and Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus.[51] In 1971, weaponized smallpox from the island reached a nearby ship, which then allowed the virus to spread to the city of Aral. Ten people there were infected, of whom 3 died, and a massive vaccination effort involving 50,000 inhabitants ensued (see Aral smallpox incident). The bioweapons base was abandoned in 1992 following the disintegration of the Soviet Union the previous year. Scientific expeditions proved this had been a site for production, testing and later dumping of pathogenic weapons. In 2002, through a project organized by the United States and with Uzbekistan's assistance, 10 anthrax burial sites were decontaminated. According to the Kazakh Scientific Center for Quarantine and Zoonotic Infections, all burial sites of anthrax were decontaminated.[52]

text: Oil and gas exploration[edit]

text: Ergash Shaismatov, the deputy prime minister of Uzbekistan, announced on August 30, 2006, that the Uzbek government and an international consortium consisting of state-run Uzbekneftegaz, LUKoil Overseas, Petronas, Korea National Oil Corporation, and China National Petroleum Corporation signed a production-sharing agreement to explore and develop oil and gas fields in the Aral Sea, saying, "The Aral Sea is largely unknown, but it holds a lot of promise in terms of finding oil and gas. There is risk, of course, but we believe in the success of this unique project." The consortium was created in September 2005.[53]

text: As of June 1, 2010, 500,000 cubic meters of gas had been extracted from the region at a depth of 3 km.[54]

text: Films[edit]

text: The plight of the Aral coast was portrayed in the 1989 film Psy ("Dogs") by Soviet director Dmitri Svetozarov.[55] The film was shot on location in an actual ghost town located near the Aral Sea, showing scenes of abandoned buildings and scattered vessels.

text: In 2000, the MirrorMundo foundation produced a documentary film called Delta Blues about the problems arising from the drying up of the sea.[56]

text: In June 2007, BBC World broadcast a documentary called Back From the Brink? made by Borna Alikhani and Guy Creasey that showed some of the changes in the region since the introduction of the Aklak Dam.

text: Bakhtyar Khudojnazarov's 2012 movie Waiting for the Sea deals with the impacts on people's life in a fishing town at the shore of the Aral Sea.

text: In October 2013, Al Jazeera produced a documentary film called People of The Lake, directed by Ensar Altay, describing the current situation.[57]

text: In 2014, director Po Powell shot much of the footage for the Pink Floyd single "Louder than Words" video near the remains of the Aral Sea on the border between Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan.[58]


document_title: 2017–18 FA Cup

question_text: when is the next round of the fa cup played

question_tokens: when is the next round of the fa cup played

text: 2017–18 FA Cup

text: Teams[edit]

text:
Round
Clubs
remaining
Clubs
involved
Winners from
previous round
New entries
this round
Leagues entering at this round

First Round Proper
124
80
32
48
EFL League One
EFL League Two

Second Round Proper
84
40
40
none
none

Third Round Proper
64
64
20
44
Premier League
EFL Championship

Fourth Round Proper
32
32
32
none
none

Fifth Round Proper
16
16
16
none
none

Quarter-finals
8
8
8
none
none

Semi-finals
4
4
4
none
none

Final
2
2
2
none
none

text: Prize Money[edit]

text: Source: [2]

text:
Round
No. of Clubs
receive fund
Prize fund
per club

Extra Preliminary Round winners
185
£1,500

Preliminary Round winners
160
£1,925

First Round Qualifying winners
116
£3,000

Second Round Qualifying winners
80
£4,500

Third Round Qualifying winners
40
£7,500

Fourth Round Qualifying winners
32
£12,500

First Round Proper winners
40
£18,000

Second Round Proper winners
20
£27,000

Third Round Proper winners
32
£67,500

Fourth Round Proper winners
16
£90,000

Fifth Round Proper winners
8
£180,000

Quarter-final winners
4
£360,000

Semi-final losers
2
£450,000

Semi-final winners
2
£900,000

Final runners-up
1
£900,000

Final winner
1
£1,800,000

Total
£4,823,425

text: Round and draw dates[edit]

text: The schedule will be follows.[1]

text:
Phase
Round
Draw date
First match date

Qualifying rounds
Extra Preliminary Round
7 July 2017
5 August 2017

Preliminary Round
19 August 2017

First Round Qualifying
21 August 2017
2 September 2017

Second Round Qualifying
4 September 2017
16 September 2017

Third Round Qualifying
18 September 2017
30 September 2017

Fourth Round Qualifying
2 October 2017
14 October 2017

Main tournament
First Round Proper
16 October 2017
3 November 2017

Second Round Proper
6 November 2017
1 December 2017

Third Round Proper
4 December 2017
5 January 2018

Fourth Round Proper
8 January 2018
27 January 2018

Fifth Round Proper
TBC
17 February 2018

Quarter-finals
TBC
17 March 2018

Semi-finals
TBC
21 April 2018

Final
19 May 2018

text: Qualifying rounds[edit]

text: All of the competing teams that are not members of either the Premier League or English Football League had to compete in the qualifying rounds to secure one of 32 available places in the First Round Proper. The qualifying competition began with the Extra Preliminary Round on 5 August 2017.[1] The final (fourth) qualifying round was played over the weekend of 14 October 2017.[1]

text: First Round Proper[edit]

text: The First Round draw took place on 16 October and was broadcast live on BBC Two and BT Sport.[3] All 40 First Round Proper ties were played on the weekend of 4 November. 32 teams from the qualifying competition joined the 48 teams from League One and League Two to compete in this round. The round included two teams from Level 8, Heybridge Swifts and Hyde United, who were the lowest-ranked teams still in the competition.[4]

text:
3 November 2017
Port Vale (4)
2–0
Oxford United (3)
[show]Burslem, Stoke-on-Trent

19:45 GMT
Gunning  16'
Pope  53'
Report

Stadium: Vale Park
Attendance: 3,443
Referee: Mark Heywood

text:
3 November 2017
Notts County (4)
4–2
Bristol Rovers (3)
[show]Nottingham

19:45 GMT
Yates  30', 31'
Stead  58'
Grant  90+6'
Report
Sercombe  8'
Sinclair  12'
Stadium: Meadow Lane
Attendance: 4,228
Referee: Graham Salisbury

text:
3 November 2017
Hyde United (8)
0–4
Milton Keynes Dons (3)
[show]Hyde

19:55 GMT

Report
Nesbitt  14'
Aneke  45+3'
Ebanks-Landell  67'
Upson  73'
Stadium: Ewen Fields
Attendance: 3,123
Referee: David Webb

text:
4 November 2017
Shaw Lane (7)
1–3
Mansfield Town (4)
[show]Barnsley

12:30 GMT
Bennett  41'
Report
Pearce  34'
Rose  73', 78'
Stadium: Sheerien Park
Referee: Ben Toner

text:
4 November 2017
Stevenage (4)
5–0
Nantwich Town (7)
[show]Stevenage

15:00 GMT
Godden  16', 76', 88'
Smith  68', 73'
Report

Stadium: Broadhall Way
Attendance: 1,436
Referee: Michael Salisbury

text:
4 November 2017
Bradford City (3)
2–0
Chesterfield (4)
[show]Bradford

15:00 GMT
Gilliead  4'
Jones  44'
Report

Stadium: Valley Parade
Attendance: 4,747
Referee: Anthony Backhouse

text:
4 November 2017
Morecambe (4)
3–0
Hartlepool United (5)
[show]Morecambe

15:00 GMT
Ellison  4'
Fleming  67'
Loach  85' (o.g.)
Report

Stadium: Globe Arena
Attendance: 2,004
Referee: Tom Nield

text:
4 November 2017
Yeovil Town (4)
1–0
Southend United (3)
[show]Yeovil

15:00 GMT
Khan  29' (pen.)
Report

Stadium: Huish Park
Attendance: 2,079
Referee: Craig Hicks

text:
4 November 2017
Peterborough United (3)
1–1
Tranmere Rovers (5)
[show]Peterborough

15:00 GMT
Marriott  52'
Report
Cook  72'
Stadium: London Road
Attendance: 3,750
Referee: Charles Breakspear

text:
15 November 2017 Replay
Tranmere Rovers (5)
0–5
Peterborough United (3)
[show]Birkenhead

19:45 GMT

Report
Lloyd  16', 22', 73'
Baldwin  67'
Maddison  75' (pen.)
Stadium: Prenton Park
Attendance: 4,199
Referee: Michael Salisbury

text:
4 November 2017
Forest Green Rovers (4)
1–0
Macclesfield Town (5)
[show]Nailsworth

15:00 GMT
Doidge  42'
Report

Stadium: The New Lawn
Attendance: 1,387
Referee: Trevor Kettle

text:
4 November 2017
A.F.C. Fylde (5)
4–2
Kidderminster Harriers (6)
[show]Wesham

15:00 GMT
Rowe  14', 48'
Smith  54'
Finley  64'
Report
Taylor  74'
Brown  90+2'
Stadium: Mill Farm
Attendance: 1,482
Referee: Daniel Middleton

text:
4 November 2017
Luton Town (4)
1–0
Portsmouth (3)
[show]Luton

15:00 GMT
Collins  45+1'
Report

Stadium: Kenilworth Road
Attendance: 5,333
Referee: Seb Stockbridge

text:
4 November 2017
Shrewsbury Town (3)
5–0
Aldershot Town (5)
[show]Shrewsbury

15:00 GMT
Rodman  20'
Whalley  24' (pen.)
Payne  62'
Gnahoua  66'
Morris  68'
Report

Stadium: New Meadow
Attendance: 3,859
Referee: Ross Joyce

text:
4 November 2017
Hereford (7)
1–0
A.F.C. Telford United (6)
[show]Hereford

15:00 GMT
Mills  68'
Report

Stadium: Edgar Street
Attendance: 4,712
Referee: Thomas Bramall

text:
4 November 2017
Blackburn Rovers (3)
3–1
Barnet (4)
[show]Blackburn

15:00 GMT
Nuttall  63'
Graham  70'
Antonsson  81'
Report
Akinola  31'
Stadium: Ewood Park
Attendance: 3,710
Referee: Carl Boyeson

text:
4 November 2017
Ebbsfleet United (5)
2–6
Doncaster Rovers (3)
[show]Northfleet

GMT
Kedwell  35' (pen.)
Coulson  37'
Report
Rowe  45+1', 85'
Marquis  45+3'
Coppinger  52', 83' (pen.)
Houghton  78'
Stadium: Stonebridge Road
Attendance: 2,069
Referee: Lee Collins

text:
4 November 2017
Boreham Wood (5)
2–1
Blackpool (3)
[show]Borehamwood

15:00 GMT
Turgott  68'
Holman  88'
Report
Philliskirk  62'
Stadium: Meadow Park
Referee: Chris Sarginson

text:
4 November 2017
Colchester United (4)
0–1
Oxford City (6)
[show]Colchester

15:00 GMT

Report
Paterson  46'
Stadium: Colchester Community Stadium
Attendance: 1,775
Referee: Alan Young

text:
4 November 2017
Plymouth Argyle (3)
1–0
Grimsby Town (4)
[show]Plymouth

15:00 GMT
Carey  9'
Report

Stadium: Home Park
Attendance: 5,137
Referee: John Busby

text:
4 November 2017
AFC Wimbledon (3)
1–0
Lincoln City (4)
[show]Norbiton, London

15:00 GMT
Taylor  7'
Report

Stadium: Kingsmeadow
Attendance: 3,394
Referee: Andy Woolmer

text:
4 November 2017
Rochdale (3)
4–0
Bromley (5)
[show]Rochdale

15:00 GMT
Inman  10', 53'
Henderson  31' (pen.)
Report

Stadium: Spotland Stadium
Attendance: 2,241
Referee: Andrew Miller

text:
4 November 2017
Carlisle United (4)
3–2
Oldham Athletic (3)
[show]Carlisle

15:00 GMT
Bennett  22', 60'
Hope  36'
Report
Clarke  64'
Holloway  72'
Stadium: Brunton Park
Attendance: 3,965
Referee: Andy Haines

text:
4 November 2017
Cheltenham Town (4)
2–4
Maidstone United (5)
[show]Cheltenham

15:00 GMT
Dawson  52'
Finney  62' (o.g.)
Report
Sam-Yorke  20', 53'
Pigott  21'
Hines  43'
Stadium: Whaddon Road
Attendance: 2,799
Referee: Kevin Johnson

text:
4 November 2017
Crewe Alexandra (4)
2–1
Rotherham United (3)
[show]Crewe

15:00 GMT
Walker  47'
Ainley  89'
Report
Vaulks  21'
Stadium: Gresty Road
Attendance: 2,597
Referee: Scott Oldham

text:
4 November 2017
Gillingham (3)
2–1
Leyton Orient (5)
[show]Gillingham

15:00 GMT
Parker  20'
Eaves  75'
Report
Dayton  79'
Stadium: Priestfield Stadium
Attendance: 3,659
Referee: John Brooks

text:
4 November 2017
Gainsborough Trinity (6)
0–6
Slough Town (7)
[show]Gainsborough

15:00 GMT

Report
Lench  35', 46', 84'
Flood  52'
Williams  71'
Fraser  75'
Stadium: The Northolme
Attendance: 1,630
Referee: Peter Wright

text:
4 November 2017
Northampton Town (3)
0–0
Scunthorpe United (3)
[show]Northampton

15:00 GMT

Report

Stadium: Sixfields Stadium
Attendance: 2,820
Referee: Robert Jones

text:
14 November 2017 Replay
Scunthorpe United (3)
1–0
Northampton Town (3)
[show]Scunthorpe

19:45 GMT
Adelakun  32'
Report

Stadium: Glanford Park
Attendance: 1,880
Referee: Andy Haines

text:
4 November 2017
Wigan Athletic (3)
2–1
Crawley Town (4)
[show]Wigan

15:00 GMT
Toney  29'
Evans  71'
Report
Roberts  20'
Stadium: DW Stadium
Attendance: 3,288
Referee: Martin Coy

text:
4 November 2017
Gateshead (5)
2–0
Chelmsford City (6)
[show]Gateshead

15:00 GMT
Burrow  30'
Johnson  34'
Report

Stadium: Gateshead International Stadium
Attendance: 732
Referee: Peter Gibbons

text:
4 November 2017
Newport County (4)
2–1
Walsall (3)
[show]Newport

17:15 GMT
Nouble  18'
McCoulsky  46'
Report
Bakayoko  77'
Stadium: Rodney Parade
Attendance: 2,701
Referee: Gavin Ward

text:
5 November 2017
Cambridge United (4)
1–0
Sutton United (5)
[show]Cambridge

14:00 GMT
Ibehre  45'
Report

Stadium: Abbey Stadium
Attendance: 3,070
Referee: Darren Handley

text:
5 November 2017
Guiseley (5)
0–0
Accrington Stanley (4)
[show]Guiseley

14:00 GMT

Report

Stadium: Nethermoor Park
Attendance: 1,611
Referee: Antony Coggins

text:
14 November 2017 Replay
Accrington Stanley (4)
1–1 (a.e.t.)
(3–4 p)
Guiseley (5)
[show]Accrington

19:45 GMT
McConville  47'
Report
Rooney  79' (pen.)
Stadium: Crown Ground
Attendance: 1,166
Referee: Charles Breakspear

Penalties

Kee
Brown
McConville
Jackson
Wilks

Rooney
McFadzean
Haworth
Brown
Fondop

text:
5 November 2017
Leatherhead (7)
1–1
Billericay Town (7)
[show]Leatherhead

14:00 GMT
Midson  21'
Report
Bricknell  67' (pen.)
Stadium: Fetcham Grove
Attendance: 1,797
Referee: Alan Dale

text:
16 November 2017 Replay
Billericay Town (7)
1–3
Leatherhead (7)
[show]Billericay

19:45 GMT
Cunnington  61'
Report
Midson  68', 82' (pen.)
Moore  90+1'
Stadium: New Lodge
Attendance: 3,400
Referee: Dean Whitestone

text:
5 November 2017
Coventry City (4)
2–0
Maidenhead United (5)
[show]Rowleys Green, Coventry

14:00 GMT
Ponticelli  33', 44'
Report

Stadium: Ricoh Arena
Attendance: 3,370
Referee: Scott Duncan

text:
5 November 2017
Dartford (6)
1–5
Swindon Town (4)
[show]Dartford

14:00 GMT
Sho-Silva  83'
Report
Elšnik  12', 26'
Smith  23'
Linganzi  47'
Mullin  50'
Stadium: Princes Park
Attendance: 2,705
Referee: Darren Drysdale

text:
5 November 2017
Woking (5)
1–1
Bury (3)
[show]Woking

14:00 GMT
Philpot  25'
Report
Smith  1'
Stadium: Kingfield Stadium
Attendance: 1,858
Referee: Darren England

text:
14 November 2017 Replay
Bury (3)
0–3
Woking (5)
[show]Bury

19:45 GMT

Report
Charles-Cook  30'
Effiong  71'
Philpot  86'
Stadium: Gigg Lane
Attendance: 1,513
Referee: Ross Joyce

text:
5 November 2017
Solihull Moors (5)
0–2
Wycombe Wanderers (4)
[show]Solihull

14:00 GMT

Report
Freeman  16'
Mackail-Smith  28'
Stadium: Damson Park
Attendance: 1,544
Referee: Brett Huxtable

text:
5 November 2017
Charlton Athletic (3)
3–1
Truro City (6)
[show]Charlton, London

14:00 GMT
Reeves  10', 70'
Marshall  53'
Report
Harvey  59'
Stadium: The Valley
Attendance: 4,494
Referee: Dean Whitestone

text:
5 November 2017
Exeter City (4)
3–1
Heybridge Swifts (8)
[show]Exeter

14:00 GMT
Stockley  59', 63'
McAlinden  86'
Report
Bantick  70'
Stadium: St James Park
Attendance: 3,004
Referee: Neil Hair

text:
6 November 2017
Chorley (6)
1–2
Fleetwood Town (3)
[show]Chorley

19:45 GMT
Carver  58'
Report

D. Cole  77'
Sowerby  90+1'

Stadium: Victory Park
Attendance: 3,526
Referee: Peter Bankes

text: Second Round Proper[edit]

text: The Second Round draw took place on 6 November and was broadcast live on BBC Two and BT Sport.[5] All 20 Second Round Proper ties were played on the weekend of 2 December. This round included three teams from Level 7 – Hereford, Slough Town, and Leatherhead – who were the lowest-ranked teams still in the competition.[6]

text:
1 December 2017
A.F.C. Fylde (5)
1–1
Wigan Athletic (3)
[show]Wesham

19:55 GMT
Rowe  70' (pen.)
Report
Grigg  44'
Stadium: Mill Farm
Attendance: 3,351
Referee: Darren Drysdale

text:
12 December 2017 Replay
Wigan Athletic (3)
3–2
A.F.C. Fylde (5)
[show]Wigan

Toney  31'
Grigg  80', 84'

Report

Grand  40'
Rowe  65'

Stadium: DW Stadium
Attendance: 3,124
Referee: Ross Joyce

text:
2 December 2017
Notts County (4)
3–2
Oxford City (6)
[show]Nottingham

12:30 GMT
Duffy  31'
Stead  56' (pen.)
Grant  90+5'
Report
Sinclair  53'
Paterson  73'
Stadium: Meadow Lane
Attendance: 5,092
Referee: John Brooks

text:
2 December 2017
Milton Keynes Dons (3)
4–1
Maidstone United (5)
[show]Denbigh, Milton Keynes

15:00 GMT
Nesbitt  54'
Agard  64', 70'
Pawlett  89'
Report
Okuonghae  25'
Stadium: Stadium mk
Attendance: 4,804
Referee: Martin Coy

text:
2 December 2017
Port Vale (4)
1–1
Yeovil Town (4)
[show]Burslem, Stoke-on-Trent

15:00 GMT
Pope  63'
Report
Green  89'
Stadium: Vale Park
Attendance: 3,316
Referee: Scott Oldham

text:
12 December 2017 Replay
Yeovil Town (4)
3–2 (a.e.t.)
Port Vale (4)
[show]Yeovil

Khan  45+2', 95'
Zoko  109'

Report

Harness  83'
Kay  108'

Stadium: Huish Park
Attendance: 1,588
Referee: Gavin Ward

text:
2 December 2017
Shrewsbury Town (3)
2–0
Morecambe (4)
[show]Shrewsbury

15:00 GMT
Rodman  32'
Whalley  37' (pen.)
Report

Stadium: New Meadow
Attendance: 3,184
Referee: Craig Hicks

text:
2 December 2017
Stevenage (4)
5–2
Swindon Town (4)
[show]Stevenage

15:00 GMT
Samuel  18'
Godden  23'
Pett  45+3'
Newton  72', 77'
Report
Linganzi  33'
Taylor  42'
Stadium: Broadhall Way
Attendance: 1,883
Referee: Nick Kinseley

text:
2 December 2017
Bradford City (3)
3–1
Plymouth Argyle (3)
[show]Bradford

15:00 GMT
Vincelot  38'
Knight-Percival  50'
Wyke  64'
Report
Carey  63'
Stadium: Valley Parade
Attendance: 4,957
Referee: Tony Harrington

text:
2 December 2017
Gillingham (3)
1–1
Carlisle United (4)
[show]Gillingham

15:00 GMT
O'Neill  5'
Report
Grainger  18' (pen.)
Stadium: Priestfield Stadium
Attendance: 3,178
Referee: Andy Woolmer

text:
19 December 2017 Replay
Carlisle United (4)
3–1
Gillingham (3)
[show]Carlisle

Hope  7', 37'
Miller  90+3'
Report
Wagstaff  47'
Stadium: Brunton Park
Attendance: 2,357
Referee: Mark Heywood

text:
2 December 2017
Forest Green Rovers (4)
3–3
Exeter City (4)
[show]Nailsworth

15:00 GMT
Doidge  26', 90+2'
Laird  88'
Report
Moore-Taylor  58'
Stockley  64', 90+4'
Stadium: The New Lawn
Attendance: 2,250
Referee: Gavin Ward

text:
12 December 2017 Replay
Exeter City (4)
2–1 (a.e.t.)
Forest Green Rovers (4)
[show]Exeter

Sweeney  73' (pen.)
Stockley  115'

Report

Doidge  30' (pen.)

Stadium: St James Park
Attendance: 2,923
Referee: Charles Breakspear

text:
2 December 2017
Fleetwood Town (3)
1–1
Hereford (7)
[show]Fleetwood

15:00 GMT
Cole  29'
Report
Dinsley  23'
Stadium: Highbury Stadium
Attendance: 2,567
Referee: Seb Stockbridge

text:
14 December 2017 Replay
Hereford (7)
0–2
Fleetwood Town (3)
[show]Hereford

19:45 GMT

Report
Bolger  10', 58'
Stadium: Edgar Street
Attendance: 4,235
Referee: David Coote

text:
3 December 2017
Woking (5)
1–1
Peterborough United (3)
[show]Woking

14:00 GMT
Ward  84'
Report
Tafazolli  24'
Stadium: Kingfield Stadium
Attendance: 3,072
Referee: Chris Sarginson

text:
12 December 2017 Replay
Peterborough United (3)
5–2
Woking (5)
[show]Peterborough

Doughty  29'
Marriott  45', 69'
Maddison  78' (pen.)
Edwards  90+4'

Report

Effiong  19'
Young  68'

Stadium: London Road
Attendance: 3,022
Referee: Antony Coggins

text:
3 December 2017
Newport County (4)
2–0
Cambridge United (4)
[show]Newport

14:00 GMT
Labadie  2', 82'
Report

Stadium: Rodney Parade
Attendance: 2,748
Referee: Kevin Johnson

text:
3 December 2017
Wycombe Wanderers (4)
3–1
Leatherhead (7)
[show]High Wycombe

14:00 GMT
Saunders  29'
Mackail-Smith  76'
Akinfenwa  90+1'
Report
Midson  8' (pen.)
Stadium: Adams Park
Attendance: 3,835
Referee: Tim Robinson

text:
3 December 2017
Doncaster Rovers (3)
3–0
Scunthorpe United (3)
[show]Doncaster

14:00 GMT
Rowe  16', 67'
Mandeville  90+2'
Report

Stadium: Keepmoat Stadium
Attendance: 5,251
Referee: Mark Heywood

text:
3 December 2017
AFC Wimbledon (3)
3–1
Charlton Athletic (3)
[show]Norbiton, London

14:00 GMT
McDonald  10'
Taylor  70', 81' (pen.)
Report
Ahearne-Grant  22'
Stadium: Kingsmeadow
Attendance: 3,270
Referee: James Linington

text:
3 December 2017
Mansfield Town (4)
3–0
Guiseley (5)
[show]Mansfield

14:00 GMT
Spencer  31', 52', 65' (pen.)
Report

Stadium: Field Mill
Attendance: 4,081
Referee: Carl Boyeson

text:
3 December 2017
Gateshead (5)
0–5
Luton Town (4)
[show]Gateshead

14:00 GMT

Report
Lee  40'
Potts  62'
Lee  67'
Hylton  90+1'
Berry  90+4'
Stadium: Gateshead International Stadium
Attendance: 1,339
Referee: Ben Toner

text:
3 December 2017
Blackburn Rovers (3)
3–3
Crewe Alexandra (4)
[show]Blackburn

14:00 GMT

Samuel  11', 20'
Graham  15'

Report

Porter  35' (pen.), 66'
Nolan  63'

Stadium: Ewood Park
Attendance: 4,472
Referee: David Webb

text:
13 December 2017 Replay
Crewe Alexandra (4)
0–1
Blackburn Rovers (3)
[show]Crewe

19:45 GMT

Report
Graham  24'
Stadium: Gresty Road
Attendance: 2,241
Referee: Anthony Backhouse

text:
3 December 2017
Coventry City (4)
3–0
Boreham Wood (5)
[show]Rowleys Green, Coventry

14:00 GMT
Nazon  27'
McNulty  40'
Shipley  48'
Report

Stadium: Ricoh Arena
Attendance: 2,985
Referee: Darren Handley

text:
4 December 2017
Slough Town (7)
0–4
Rochdale (3)
[show]Slough

19:45 GMT

Report

Andrew  13'
Camps  68'
Henderson  89'
Done  90+2'

Stadium: Arbour Park
Attendance: 1,950
Referee: Robert Jones

text: Third Round Proper[edit]

text: The Third Round draw took place on 4 December 2017 and was broadcast live on BBC Two and BT Sport[7] before the final second round tie between Slough Town and Rochdale. All 32 Third Round Proper ties will be played on the weekend of 6 January. A total of 64 clubs will play in the third round; 20 winners of the second round, and 44 teams from Premier League and EFL Championship entering in this round.[8] For the first time in 67 years no non-league team (i.e. from Level 5 or below) made the Third Round Proper, with all 20 such teams that advanced from the qualifying rounds knocked out over the course of the first two rounds by teams from Level 3 or 4.[citation needed]

text:
5 January 2018 (2018-01-05)
Liverpool (1)
v
Everton (1)
[show]Liverpool

19:55 GMT

Stadium: Anfield

text:
5 January 2018 (2018-01-05)
Manchester United (1)
v
Derby County (2)
[show]Manchester

20:00 GMT

Stadium: Old Trafford

text:
6 January 2018 (2018-01-06)
Fleetwood Town (3)
v
Leicester City (1)
[show]Fleetwood

12:45 GMT

Stadium: Highbury Stadium

text:
6 January 2018 (2018-01-06)
Middlesbrough (2)
v
Sunderland (2)
[show]Middlesbrough

13:00 GMT

Stadium: Riverside Stadium

text:
6 January 2018 (2018-01-06)
Ipswich Town (2)
v
Sheffield United (2)
[show]Ipswich

15:00 GMT

Stadium: Portman Road

text:
6 January 2018 (2018-01-06)
Watford (1)
v
Bristol City (2)
[show]Watford

15:00 GMT

Stadium: Vicarage Road

text:
6 January 2018 (2018-01-06)
Birmingham City (2)
v
Burton Albion (2)
[show]Birmingham

15:00 GMT

Stadium: St Andrews

text:
6 January 2018 (2018-01-06)
Aston Villa (2)
v
Peterborough United (3)
[show]Birmingham

15:00 GMT

Stadium: Villa Park

text:
6 January 2018 (2018-01-06)
AFC Bournemouth (1)
v
Wigan Athletic (3)
[show]Bournemouth

15:00 GMT

Stadium: Vitality Stadium

text:
6 January 2018 (2018-01-06)
Coventry City (4)
v
Stoke City (1)
[show]Rowleys Green, Coventry

15:00 GMT

Stadium: Ricoh Arena

text:
6 January 2018 (2018-01-06)
Bolton Wanderers (2)
v
Huddersfield Town (1)
[show]Horwich

15:00 GMT

Stadium: Macron Stadium

text:
6 January 2018 (2018-01-06)
Yeovil Town (4)
v
Bradford City (3)
[show]Yeovil

15:00 GMT

Stadium: Huish Park

text:
6 January 2018 (2018-01-06)
Brentford (2)
v
Notts County (4)
[show]Brentford, London

15:00 GMT

Stadium: Griffin Park

text:
6 January 2018 (2018-01-06)
Queens Park Rangers (2)
v
Milton Keynes Dons (3)
[show]Shepherd's Bush, London

15:00 GMT

Stadium: Loftus Road

text:
6 January 2018 (2018-01-06)
Exeter City (4)
v
West Bromwich Albion (1)
[show]Exeter

15:00 GMT

Stadium: St James Park

text:
6 January 2018 (2018-01-06)
Doncaster Rovers (3)
v
Rochdale (3)
[show]Doncaster

15:00 GMT

Stadium: Keepmoat Stadium

text:
6 January 2018 (2018-01-06)
Blackburn Rovers (3)
v
Hull City (2)
[show]Blackburn

15:00 GMT

Stadium: Ewood Park

text:
6 January 2018 (2018-01-06)
Cardiff City (2)
v
Mansfield Town (4)
[show]Cardiff

15:00 GMT

Stadium: Cardiff City Stadium

text:
6 January 2018 (2018-01-06)
Manchester City (1)
v
Burnley (1)
[show]Manchester

15:00 GMT

Stadium: City of Manchester Stadium

text:
6 January 2018 (2018-01-06)
Wolverhampton Wanderers (2)
v
Swansea City (1)
[show]Wolverhampton

15:00 GMT

Stadium: Molineux

text:
6 January 2018 (2018-01-06)
Stevenage (4)
v
Reading (2)
[show]Stevenage

15:00 GMT

Stadium: Broadhall Way

text:
6 January 2018 (2018-01-06)
Newcastle United (1)
v
Luton Town (4)
[show]Newcastle-upon-Tyne

15:00 GMT

Stadium: St James' Park

text:
6 January 2018 (2018-01-06)
Millwall (2)
v
Barnsley (2)
[show]Bermondsey, London

15:00 GMT

Stadium: The Den

text:
6 January 2018 (2018-01-06)
Fulham (2)
v
Southampton (1)
[show]London

15:00 GMT

Stadium: Craven Cottage

text:
6 January 2018 (2018-01-06)
Wycombe Wanderers (4)
v
Preston North End (2)
[show]High Wycombe

15:00 GMT

Stadium: Adams Park

text:
6 January 2018 (2018-01-06)
Carlisle United (4)
v
Sheffield Wednesday (2)
[show]Carlisle

15:00 GMT

Stadium: Brunton Park

text:
6 January 2018 (2018-01-06)
Norwich City (2)
v
Chelsea (1)
[show]Norwich

17:30 GMT

Stadium: Carrow Road

text:
7 January 2018 (2018-01-07)
Newport County (4)
v
Leeds United (2)
[show]Newport

12:00 GMT

Stadium: Rodney Parade

text:
7 January 2018 (2018-01-07)
Shrewsbury Town (3)
v
West Ham United (1)
[show]Shrewsbury

14:00 GMT

Stadium: New Meadow

text:
7 January 2018 (2018-01-07)
Tottenham Hotspur (1)
v
AFC Wimbledon (3)
[show]London

15:00 GMT

Stadium: Wembley Stadium, London

text:
7 January 2018 (2018-01-07)
Nottingham Forest (2)
v
Arsenal (1)
[show]West Bridgford

16:00 GMT

Stadium: The City Ground

text:
8 January 2018 (2018-01-08)
Brighton & Hove Albion (1)
v
Crystal Palace (1)
[show]Falmer, Brighton and Hove

19:45 GMT

Stadium: Falmer Stadium

text: Final[edit]

text: The final will be played on Saturday 19 May 2018 at Wembley Stadium.

text: Broadcasting rights[edit]

text: The following matches were/will be broadcast live on UK television:

text:
Round
BT Sport
BBC
S4C

First Round Proper
Shaw Lane v Mansfield Town
Chorley v Fleetwood Town
Tranmere Rovers v Peterborough United (Replay)
Billericay Town v Leatherhead (Replay)
Hyde United v Milton Keynes Dons
Newport County v Walsall

Second Round Proper
Notts County v Oxford City
Slough Town v Rochdale
Hereford v Fleetwood Town (Replay)
A.F.C. Fylde v Wigan Athletic

Third Round Proper
Norwich City v Chelsea
Nottingham Forest v Arsenal
Brighton and Hove Albion v Crystal Palace
Liverpool v Everton
Fleetwood Town v Leicester City
Newport County v Leeds United (BBC Wales)
Shrewsbury Town v West Ham United