document_title: Star Wars: Episode II – Attack of the Clones

question_text: who dies at the beginning of attack of the clones

text: Plot[edit]

text: Ten years after the Trade Federation's invasion of Naboo, the Galactic Republic is threatened by the Separatist movement organized by former Jedi Master Count Dooku. Senator Padmé Amidala comes to Coruscant to vote on a motion to create an army to assist the Jedi against this threat. Narrowly avoiding an assassination attempt upon arrival, she is placed under the protection of Jedi Knight Obi-Wan Kenobi and his apprentice, Anakin Skywalker. The two Jedi thwart a second attempt on her life and subdue the assassin, Zam Wesell, a shape-shifter who is soon killed by her bounty hunter client before she can reveal his identity. The Jedi Council assigns Obi-Wan to identify and capture the bounty hunter, while Anakin is assigned to escort Padmé back to Naboo, where the pair develop a romantic attraction towards each other.

text: Obi-Wan's investigation leads him to the remote ocean planet Kamino, where he discovers an army of clones are being produced for the Republic, with bounty hunter Jango Fett serving as their genetic template. Obi-Wan deduces Jango to be the bounty hunter he is seeking, and he follows him and his clone son, Boba, to the desert planet Geonosis via a homing beacon placed on their ship, the Slave I. Meanwhile, Anakin becomes troubled by premonitions of his mother, Shmi, in pain, and travels to Tatooine with Padmé to save her. They meet Owen Lars, Anakin's stepbrother and the son of Shmi's new husband, Cliegg Lars. Cliegg tells Anakin that Shmi was abducted by Tusken Raiders weeks earlier and is likely dead. Determined to find her, Anakin ventures out and finds Shmi at the Tusken campsite, where she dies in Anakin's arms. Enraged, Anakin massacres the Tuskens and returns to the Lars homestead with Shmi's body. After revealing his deed to Padmé, Anakin says that he wants to prevent death.

text: On Geonosis, Obi-Wan discovers a Separatist gathering led by Count Dooku, who Obi-Wan learns had authorized Padmé's assassination and is developing a battle droid army with Trade Federation Viceroy Nute Gunray. Obi-Wan transmits his findings to Anakin to relay to the Jedi Council, but is captured mid-transmission. With knowledge of the droid army, Supreme Chancellor Palpatine is voted emergency powers to send the clones into battle. Anakin and Padmé journey to Geonosis to rescue Obi-Wan, but are also captured. The three are sentenced to death, but are eventually saved by a battalion of Jedi and clone troopers led by Mace Windu and Yoda; Jango Fett is killed by Mace during the rescue. As the clone and droid armies battle, Obi-Wan and Anakin intercept Dooku, and the three engage in a lightsaber battle. Dooku injures Obi-Wan and severs Anakin's right arm, but Yoda arrives and duels Dooku. The battle ends in a stalemate, and Dooku flees to Coruscant, where he delivers blueprints for a superweapon to his Sith master, Darth Sidious. As the Jedi gravely acknowledge the beginning of the Clone Wars, Anakin is fitted with a robotic arm and secretly marries Padmé on Naboo, with C-3PO and R2-D2 as their witnesses.

text: Cast[edit]

text:
Ewan McGregor as Obi-Wan Kenobi: A Jedi Master and mentor of Anakin Skywalker.
Natalie Portman as Padmé Amidala: The former Queen of Naboo, who has recently been elected the planet's senator.
Hayden Christensen as Anakin Skywalker: Obi-Wan's Padawan apprentice, who has grown into a powerful but arrogant Jedi.
Ian McDiarmid as Chancellor Palpatine / Darth Sidious: A former senator of Naboo and secretly a Sith Lord who has recently been elected Supreme Chancellor of the Galactic Republic.
Samuel L. Jackson as Mace Windu: A Jedi Master sitting on the Jedi Council who warily watches the Galactic Senate's politics.
Christopher Lee as Count Dooku / Darth Tyranus: A former Jedi Master who now leads a Separatist movement and is Darth Sidious' new Sith apprentice.
Anthony Daniels as C-3PO: A protocol droid built by Anakin for his mother.
Kenny Baker as R2-D2: An astromech droid often seen on missions with Anakin and Obi-Wan.
Frank Oz voices Yoda: The centuries-old Jedi Grand Master of an unknown species who, in addition to sitting on the Jedi Council, is the instructor for young Jedi.

text: Ahmed Best, Pernilla August, Oliver Ford Davies, Andy Secombe, Silas Carson and Liam Neeson reprise their roles as Jar Jar Binks, Shmi Skywalker, Sio Bibble, Watto, Nute Gunray and Qui-Gon Jinn, respectively from The Phantom Menace, with the latter returning in an uncredited voice role cameo while Silas Carson also portrayed Ki-Adi-Mundi, a member of the Jedi Council. Alethea McGrath portrays Jocasta Nu, the chief librarian of the Jedi Archives. Temuera Morrison portrays Jango Fett, a Mandalorian bounty hunter who provides his DNA to use for cloning purposes in the creation of the clone army. Jimmy Smits portrays Bail Organa, a senator of the Republic, and Jay Laga'aia portrays Captain Typho, the head of security for Padmé Amidala. Daniel Logan portrays a young Boba Fett, Jango's son, who is created from his "father"'s DNA. Leeanna Walsman portrays Zam Wesell, a shape-shifting Clawdite bounty hunter and partner of Jango's, who is given the task of assassinating Padmé. Jack Thompson portrays Cliegg Lars, a moisture farmer who freed and married Shmi, thus becoming the stepfather of Anakin Skywalker. Joel Edgerton and Bonnie Piesse appear as Owen Lars, the son of Cliegg Lars and stepbrother of Anakin Skywalker, and Beru Whitesun, Owen's girlfriend. Ayesha Dharker appears as Jamillia, the Queen of Naboo, and Rose Byrne and Verónica Segura appear as Dormé and Cordé, Padmé's handmaidens and the latter who serves as a decoy to the senator and is killed during an assassination attempt.

text: A large search for the new Anakin Skywalker was performed across the United States. Lucas auditioned various actors, mostly unknown, before casting Christensen. Among the many established actors who auditioned were Jonathan Brandis, Ryan Phillippe,[8] Colin Hanks,[9] and Paul Walker.[10] Leonardo DiCaprio also met with Lucas for the role, but was "definitely unavailable" according to DiCaprio publicist Ken Sunshine.[11] Co-star Natalie Portman later told Time magazine that Christensen "gave a great reading. He could simultaneously be scary and really young."[12]

text: Production[edit]

text: Writing[edit]

text: After the mixed critical response to The Phantom Menace, Lucas was hesitant to return to the writing desk. In March 2000, just three months before the start of principal photography, Lucas finally completed his rough draft for Episode II. Lucas continued to iterate on his rough draft, producing a proper first and second draft. For help with the third draft, which would later become the shooting script, Lucas brought on Jonathan Hales, who had written several episodes of The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles for him, but had limited experience writing theatrical films. The final script was completed just one week before the start of principal photography.

text: As an in-joke, the film's working title was Jar Jar's Big Adventure, a sarcastic reference to the negative fan response to the Episode I character.[13]

text: In writing The Empire Strikes Back, Lucas initially decided that Lando Calrissian was a clone and came from a planet of clones which caused the "Clone Wars" mentioned by Obi-Wan Kenobi in A New Hope;[14][15] he later came up with an alternate concept of an army of clone shocktroopers from a remote planet which were used by the Republic as an army in the war that followed.[16]

text: Filming[edit]

text: Principal photography occurred between June 26, 2000 and September 20, 2000 at Fox Studios Australia in Sydney. Location shooting took place in the Tunisian desert, at the Plaza de España in Seville, London, China, Vancouver, San Diego, and Italy (Villa del Balbianello on Lake Como, and in the former royal Palace of Caserta). At his own personal request, Samuel L. Jackson's character Mace Windu received a lightsaber that emitted an amethyst glow, as opposed to traditional blue and green for "good guys" and red for "bad guys".[17] Reshoots were performed in March 2001. During this time, a new action sequence was developed featuring the droid factory after Lucas had decided that the film lacked a quick enough pace in the corresponding time-frame. The sequence's previsualization was rushed, and the live-action footage was shot within four and a half hours.[18] Because of Lucas' method of creating shots through various departments and sources that are sometimes miles and years apart from each other, Attack of the Clones became the first film ever to be produced through what Rick McCallum called "virtual filmmaking".[18]

text: Like The Phantom Menace, Attack of the Clones furthered technological development, effectively moving Hollywood into the "digital age" with the use of the HDW-F900, developed by Sony and Panavision, a digital camera using an HD digital 24-frame system. This spawned controversy over the benefits and disadvantages of digital cinematography that continues as more filmmakers "convert" to digital filmmaking while many filmmakers oppose it. In contrast to previous installments, for which scenes were shot in the Tunisian desert in temperatures up to 125 °F (51 °C), the camera would still run without complications. Lucas had stated that he wished to film The Phantom Menace on this format but Sony was unable to build the cameras quickly enough.[19] In 2002, Attack of the Clones became the third film to be released that was shot entirely on a 24p digital camera (preceded by 2001's Jackpot and Vidocq).[20] The cameras record in the 16:9 HDCAM format (1080p), although the image was cropped to a 2.40:1 widescreen ratio. The area above and below the 2.40 extraction area was available for Lucas to reframe the picture as necessary in post-production. Despite Lucas' efforts to persuade movie theaters to switch to digital projectors for viewing of Episode II, few theaters did.[21]

text: Visual effects[edit]

text: The film relied almost solely on digital animatics as opposed to storyboards in order to previsualize sequences for editing early on in the film's production. While Lucas had used other ways of producing motion-based storyboards in the past, after The Phantom Menace the decision was made to take advantage of the growing digital technology.[18] The process began with Ben Burtt's creation of what the department dubbed as "videomatics", so called because they were shot on a household videocamera. In these videomatics, production assistants and relatives of the department workers acted out scenes in front of greenscreen. Using computer-generated imagery (CGI), the previsualization department later filled in the green screen with rough background footage. Burtt then cut together this footage and sent it off to Lucas for changes and approval. The result was a rough example of what the final product was intended to be. The previsualization department then created a finer version of the videomatic by creating an animatic, in which the videomatic actors, props, and sets were replaced by digital counterparts to give a more precise, but still rough, look at what would eventually be seen. The animatic was later brought on set and shown to the actors so that they could understand the concept of the scene they were filming in the midst of the large amount of bluescreen used. Unlike most of the action sequences, the Battle of Geonosis was not storyboarded or created through videomatics but was sent straight to animatics after the department received a small vague page on the sequence. The intent was to create a number of small events that would be edited together for pacing inside the finished film. The animatics department was given a free hand regarding events to be created within the animatic; Lucas only asked for good action shots that he could choose from and approve later.[18]

text: In addition to introducing the digital camera, Attack of the Clones emphasized "digital doubles" as computer-generated models that doubled for actors, in the same way that traditional stunt doubles did. It also furthered the authenticity of computer-generated characters by introducing a new, completely CGI-created version of the character Yoda. Rob Coleman and John Knoll prepared two tests featuring a CGI-animated Yoda using audio from The Empire Strikes Back. Yoda's appearance in Episode V also served as the reference point for the creation of the CGI Yoda; Lucas repeatedly stated to the animation department that "the trick" to the animation of the CGI Yoda was to make him like the puppet from which he was based, in order to maintain a flow of continuity. Frank Oz (voice and puppeteer for Yoda in the original trilogy and The Phantom Menace) was consulted; his main piece of advice was that Yoda should look extremely old, sore, and frigid.[22] Coleman later explained the process of making the digital Yoda like the puppet version, by saying "When Frank [Oz] would move the head, the ears would jiggle. If we hadn't put that in, it wouldn't look like Yoda."[23] Because of the acrobatics of the lightsaber fight between Count Dooku and Yoda, the then 78-year-old Christopher Lee relied on a stunt double to perform the most demanding scenes instead. Lee's face was superimposed onto the double's body in all shots other than close-ups, which he performed himself. Lucas often called the duel crucial to the animation department, as it had such potential to be humorous rather than dramatic.[22]

text: Music[edit]

text: The soundtrack to the film was released on April 23, 2002 by Sony Classical Records.[24] The music was composed and conducted by John Williams, and performed by the London Voices and London Symphony Orchestra.[25] The soundtrack recreates "The Imperial March" from the film The Empire Strikes Back for its first chronological appearance in Attack of the Clones, even though a hint of it appeared in the previous movie in one of the final scenes. A music video for the main theme "Across the Stars" was produced specifically for the DVD.[26]

text: On March 15, 2016, a limited edition vinyl version of the soundtrack was released. Only 1,000 copies were pressed initially.[27]

text: Themes[edit]

text: Lucas has noted that Palpatine's rise to power is very similar to that of Adolf Hitler in Nazi Germany; as Chancellor of Germany, the latter was granted "emergency powers", as is Palpatine.[28] Comparisons have been made to Octavian – who became Augustus, the first emperor of Rome – and to Napoleon Bonaparte, who rose to power in France from 1796 to 1799. Octavian was responsible for the deaths of hundreds of political opponents well before he was granted tribunician powers; Bonaparte was appointed First Consul for life (and later Emperor) by the French Consulate after a failed attempt on his life and the subsequent coup of 18 Brumaire in 1799.[29] References to the American Civil War can also be discerned.[29]

text: English scholar Anne Lancashire describes Attack of the Clones as "thoroughly political in its narrative", to the point that interpersonal relations are made subordinate to the political drama that unfolds, and "a critique of the increasing role played by economic and political appetite in contemporary First World international politics in general". In this political drama, the Trade Federation, the former idealist Dooku and Palpatine "[represent] the economic and political greed and ambition (...) of the political and business classes", while the Jedi have become a force of aggression, and the cityscape of Coruscant has devolved into a dystopian environment that references 1982's Blade Runner.[29]

text: War journalism, combat films, and footage of World War II combat influenced the documentary-style camera work of the Battle of Geonosis, even to the point that hand-held shakes were digitally added to computer-generated sequences.[29]

text: The prequel trilogy films often refer to the original trilogy in order to help connect the films together. Lucas has often referred to the films as a long poem that rhymes.[30] Such examples include the line "I have a bad feeling about this", a phrase used in each film, and lightsaber duels which almost always occur over a pit. As with Attack of the Clones, The Empire Strikes Back was the middle film in a trilogy, and of the original trilogy films, The Empire Strikes Back is the object of the most references in Attack of the Clones. In both films, an asteroid field is the backdrop of a major star battle in the middle of the film. Obi-Wan escapes Jango Fett by attaching his spacecraft to an asteroid in order to disappear from the enemy sensors; Han Solo uses a similar tactic by attaching the Millennium Falcon to a Star Destroyer in The Empire Strikes Back. As a retcon, John Knoll confirms on the film's DVD commentary that Boba Fett, who would later catch Solo in the act in The Empire Strikes Back, "learned his lesson" from the events of Attack of the Clones.[28]

text: Release[edit]

text: After a teaser trailer premiered with the film Monsters, Inc., a new trailer for the film aired on the Fox Network on March 10, 2002 between Malcolm in the Middle and The X-Files,[31] and was made available on the official Star Wars web site the same day. The outplacement firm Challenger, Gray & Christmas from Chicago predicted before the film's release that U.S. companies could lose more than $319 million in productivity due to employees calling in sick and then heading to theaters to see the film.[32]

text: The film premiered as part of the inaugural Tribeca Film Festival at the BMCC Performing Arts Center, 199 Chambers St. in New York City[33] at a Sunday, May 12 set of screenings benefitting the Children's Aid Society, a charity supported by George Lucas.[34] Attack of the Clones was then screened out of competition at the 2002 Cannes Film Festival,[35] before getting a worldwide theatrical release on May 16, 2002. The film was also later released in IMAX theaters; the film had not been filmed for IMAX but was "up converted" with the digital remastering process. Because of the technical limitations of the IMAX projector, an edited, 120-minute version of the film was presented.[36]

text: Before the film's release, there was a string of controversies regarding copyright infringement. In 2000, an underground organization calling itself the Atlas Group, based in Perth, Western Australia offered a copy of the screenplay, with an asking price of US$100,000, to various fan sites and media organizations, including TheForce.Net. The scheme was subsequently reported to Lucasfilm Ltd. by the fan site.

text: An unauthorized copy was allegedly made at a private showing, using a digital recorder that was pointed at the screen. This copy spread over the internet, and analysts predicted up to a million fans would have seen the film before the day of its release.[37] In addition, authorities seized thousands of bootlegs throughout Kuala Lumpur before the film opened.[38]

text: Home media[edit]

text: Star Wars Episode II: Attack of the Clones was released on DVD and VHS on November 12, 2002. The DVD features an audio commentary from director George Lucas, producer Rick McCallum, editor and sound designer Ben Burtt, ILM animation director Rob Coleman, and ILM visual effects supervisors Pablo Helman, John Knoll, and Ben Snow. Eight deleted scenes are included along with multiple documentaries, which include a full-length documentary about the creation of digital characters and two others that focus on sound design and the animatics team. Three featurettes examine the storyline, action scenes, and love story, and a set of 12 short web documentaries cover the overall production of the film.[39]

text: The Attack of the Clones DVD also features a trailer for a mockumentary-style short film known as R2-D2: Beneath the Dome. Some stores offered the full mockumentary as an exclusive bonus disc for a small extra charge. The film gives an alternate look at the "life" of the droid R2-D2. The story, which Lucas approved, was meant to be humorous.[40]

text: The DVD was re-released in a prequel trilogy box set on November 4, 2008.[41]

text: The Star Wars films were released by 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment on Blu-ray Disc on September 16, 2011 in three different editions.[42]

text: On April 7, 2015, Walt Disney Studios, 20th Century Fox, and Lucasfilm jointly announced the digital releases of the six released Star Wars films. Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment released Attack of the Clones through the iTunes Store, Amazon Video, Vudu, Google Play, and Disney Movies Anywhere on April 10, 2015.[43]

text: 3D re-release[edit]

text: On September 28, 2010 (2010-09-28), it was announced that all six films in the series were to be stereo-converted to 3D, and re-released in chronological order beginning with The Phantom Menace which was released on February 10, 2012 (2012-02-10). Attack of the Clones was originally scheduled to be re-released in 3D on September 20, 2013 (2013-09-20),[44] but was postponed due to Lucasfilm's desire to focus on Star Wars: The Force Awakens.[45][46][47] However, the 3D presentation of the film was shown at Celebration Europe II in July 2013.[48]

text: Reception[edit]

text: Critical response[edit]

text: On review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes the film has an approval rating of 66% based on 245 reviews, with an average rating of 6.7/10. The site's critical consensus reads, "Star Wars Episode II: Attack of the Clones benefits from an increased emphasis on thrilling action, although they're once again undercut by ponderous plot points and underdeveloped characters."[49] On Metacritic, the film holds a score of 54 out of 100, based on 39 critics, which indicates "mixed or average reviews".[50] Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "A–" on an A+ to F scale.[51]

text: Numerous critics characterized the dialogue as "stiff" and "flat".[52] The acting was also disparaged by some critics.[53] Conversely, other critics felt fans would be pleased to see that Jar Jar Binks has only a minor role.[54] Additionally, Jar Jar's attempts at comic relief seen in The Phantom Menace were toned down; instead, C-3PO reprised some of his bumbling traditions in that role. McGregor referred to the swordplay in the film as "unsatisfactory" when comparing it to the climactic duel in Revenge of the Sith as it neared release.[55] ReelViews.net's James Berardinelli gave a positive review, saying "in a time when, more often than not, sequels disappoint, it's refreshing to uncover something this high-profile that fulfills the promise of its name and adds another title to a storied legacy."[56]

text: Roger Ebert, who had praised the previous Star Wars films, gave Episode II only two out of four stars, noting "[As] someone who admired the freshness and energy of the earlier films, I was amazed, at the end of Episode II, to realize that I had not heard one line of quotable, memorable dialogue." About Anakin and Padme's relationship, Ebert stated "There is not a romantic word they exchange that has not long since been reduced to cliché."[53] Leonard Maltin, who also liked all of the previous installments, only awarded two stars out of four to this endeavor as well, as seen in his Movie and Video Guide from the 2002 edition onward. Maltin cited an "overlong story" as reason for his dissatisfaction and added "Wooden characterizations and dialogue don't help."[57]

text: Following suit with the series' previous installments, the Academy Awards nominated Attack of the Clones' Rob Coleman, Pablo Helman, John Knoll, and Ben Snow for Best Visual Effects at the 2003 Academy Awards, but the award ultimately went to The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers.[58] Natalie Portman was also honored at the Teen Choice Awards,[59] and the film received an award for Best Fight at the MTV Movie Awards.[60] In contrast, the film also received seven nominations from the Golden Raspberry Awards for Worst Picture, Worst Director (George Lucas), Worst Screenplay (George Lucas), Worst Supporting Actor (Hayden Christensen), Worst Supporting Actress (Natalie Portman), Worst Screen Couple (Hayden Christensen and Natalie Portman) and Worst Remake or Sequel.[61] It took home two awards for Worst Screenplay (George Lucas) and Worst Supporting Actor (Hayden Christensen).[62]

text: Box office[edit]

text: The film grossed $310,676,740 in North America and $338,721,588 overseas for a worldwide total of $649,398,328. Though a huge financial success, it was nevertheless overshadowed by the even greater box-office success of The Phantom Menace three years earlier.[5] It was not the top grossing film of the year, either in North America (where it finished in third place) or worldwide (where it was fourth), the first time that a Star Wars film did not have this distinction. In North America it was outgrossed by Spider-Man and The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers, both of which were more favourably received by critics. Worldwide, it was also outgrossed by Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets, though Attack of the Clones performed better than The Chamber of Secrets in North America. Adjusted for inflation, Attack of the Clones is the lowest-performing live-action Star Wars film at the North American box office, though is still among the 100 highest-grossing films of all time when adjusted for inflation. It sold an estimated 52,012,300 tickets in the US in its initial theatrical run.[63]

text: Accolades[edit]

text:
Award
Date of ceremony
Category
Recipients and nominees
Result

Visual Effects Society[64]
February 19, 2003
Best Visual Effects in an Effects Driven Motion Picture
John Knoll, Ben Snow, Pablo Helman, Rob Coleman
Nominated

Best Character Animation in a Live Action Motion Picture
Rob Coleman, Hal Hickel, Chris Armstrong, James Tooley
Nominated

Best Matte Painting in a Motion Picture
Paul Huston, Yusei Uesugi, Jonathan Harb
Won

Best Models and Miniatures in a Motion Picture
Brian Gernand, Russell Paul, Geoff Campbell, Jean Bolte
Nominated

Best Visual Effects Photography in a Motion Picture
Patrick Sweeney, Marty Rosenberg, Carl Miller, Fred Meyers
Nominated

Best Effects Art Direction in a Motion Picture
Alex Jaeger, Doug Chiang, Erik Tiemens, Ryan Church
Nominated

text: Novelizations[edit]

text: Two novels based on the movie were published, a tie-in junior novel by Scholastic,[65] and a novelization written by R. A. Salvatore, which includes some unique scenes.[66] A four-issue comic book adaptation was written by Henry Gilroy and published by Dark Horse Comics.[67]

text: Sequel[edit]


document_title: Mumbai Rajdhani Express

question_text: time taken by rajdhani from delhi to mumbai

root

text: Mumbai Rajdhani Express

text: Coaches[edit]

text: The Mumbai Rajdhani generally has one AC 1st Class coach, five AC 2 tier class coaches, one pantry car, two luggage cum generator coaches & eleven AC 3 tier coaches taking the total up to 20 coaches.[2][3][4] Since its inception, the Mumbai Rajdhani ran with 16 coaches. However, the conventional rakes were replaced by Linke-Hofmann Busch (LHB) coaches for this train in 2004, and the number of coaches was also increased to 19 including the pantry cars. The number of coaches again was increased to 21 by the Western Railways to accommodate more passengers in June 2012.[2] No Extra private coach or party coach is attached in this train.

tag: p

text: Service[edit]

text: The 12951/12952 Mumbai Rajdhani Express is the fastest train on the Mumbai - Delhi sector and the fastest Rajdhani train as well as the fastest train (Considering ARS and including halts) in India. Mumbai Rajdhani Express is the first Rajdhani to get Alstom-LHB Coaches in India.[5][6] It used to run six days a week until September 2000 after which Railways decided to run it daily.[7] In its early days, it used to cover the distance of 1385 kilometres in each direction in 19 hours and 5 minutes. However, after the electrification of the route, the speed of the train improved[1] and as of 2016, it takes 15 hours and 35 minutes when operating as train number 12951 at an average speed of 89 km/h (including halts) while on its return journey as train number 12952 takes 15 hrs 50 mins at an average speed of 88  km/h (including halts) thus making it the fastest train on the Mumbai - Delhi sector.[8] Before the introduction of the LHB coaches, the maximum speed that could be attained with the conventional rakes was 120 km/h.But after introduction of LHB rakes the highest speed could attained is 160 km/h but is restrictred to 135 km/h due to poor conditions of tracks.[9] After their introduction, the LHB coaches enhanced the speed of the Rajdhani to more than 120 km/h and even touching 135+ km/h at times.[2] The highest attained speed is 140 km/h between New Delhi and Mumbai Central. Recently Vasai-Vadodara-Godhra Section top speed is enhanced from 120 km/h to 130 km/h. Hence, Mumbai Rajdhani's time reduced from 16 hours to 15 hr 35 minutes while it continues to be the fastest train in India (including halts) with average speed of 91 km/h.It is the first train (along with 12953/54 August Kranti Rajdhani Express as both have Rake Sharing) to be experimented with HOG (Head On Generation) which powers the train directly from locomotive instead of an EOG or generator van.

text: Loco Link[edit]

text: When introduced in 1972, the Mumbai Rajdhani was hauled by a single WDM-2 diesel locomotive and WAP alternating current locos for electric traction. For some years, a double-headed engine was also used to maintain speed. Diesel engines were used between Mumbai and Vadodara, which necessitated the change of locos. The New Delhi–Mumbai main line was fully electrified in 1987, and thus dual traction AC/DC WCAM-1 locos were used in 1987 and WCAM 2/2P in 1995, which made the hauling of train on electrical traction possible up to Mumbai Central.[1] It used to depart with WCAM 2P locomotive from Mumbai central in order to use Mumbai's DC traction wires up to Vile Parle. From 8 February 2012, Mumbai Rajdhani is hauled by Ghaziabad (GZB) based WAP 7 or Vadodara (BRC) based WAP 5 or WAP 7 from end to end. The Western railway completed DC Electric Conversion to AC on 5 February 2012. The work was done on Vile Parle - Churchgate section.[10]

text: It also uses the Head-end power Technology also known as HOG with the HOG enabled WAP-7.

text: Schedule[edit]

text: 12951 Rajdhani Express leaves Mumbai Central every day at 17:00 hrs IST and reaches the New Delhi at 08:35 hrs IST on the next day. On return, the 12952 Rajdhani Express leaves New Delhi every day at 16:25 hrs IST from platform number 3 (checked in Mar 2017) and reaches the Mumbai Central at 08:15 hrs IST on the next day.

text: Incidents[edit]

text: On 18 April 2011, three coaches of the train caught fire, including the pantry car. There were no casualties among the 900 passengers.[11]

text: Further reading[edit]

text: Brunhouse, Jay (9 February 1986). "Bombay-New Delhi by Luxury Train Is Way to Go". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2 April 2013.

tag: ul


document_title: Emergency Banking Act

question_text: what did the emergency banking act of 1933 do

text: Emergency Banking Act

text:
Emergency Banking Act

Other short titles

Bank Conservation Act of 1933
Emergency Banking Relief Act of 1933

Long title
An Act to provide relief in the existing national emergency in banking, and for other purposes.

Acronyms (colloquial)
EBA

Nicknames
Emergency Banking Act of 1933

Enacted by
the 73rd United States Congress

Effective
March 9, 1933

Citations

Public law
73-1

Statutes at Large
48 Stat. 1

Legislative history

Introduced in the House as H.R. 1491 by Henry B. Steagall (D-AL) on March 9, 1933
Passed the House on March 9, 1933 (Passed)
Passed the Senate on March 9, 1933 (Passed)
Signed into law by President Franklin D. Roosevelt on March 9, 1933

tag: table

text: The Emergency Banking Act (the official title of which was the Emergency Banking Relief Act), Public Law 1, 48 Stat. 1 (March 9, 1933), was an act passed by the United States Congress in March 1933 in an attempt to stabilize the banking system. Beginning on February 14, 1933, Michigan, an industrial state which had been hit particularly hard by the Great Depression in the United States, declared an eight-day bank holiday. Fears of other bank closures spread from state to state as people rushed to withdraw their deposits while they still could do so. Within weeks, all other states held their own bank holidays in an attempt to stem the bank runs (on March 4th, Delaware became the 48th and last state to close its banks.)[1] Following his inauguration on March 4, 1933, President Franklin Roosevelt set out to rebuild confidence in the nation's banking system. On March 6 he declared a four-day national banking holiday that kept all banks shut until Congress could act. A draft law, prepared by the Treasury staff during Herbert Hoover's administration, was passed on March 9, 1933. The new law allowed the twelve Federal Reserve Banks to issue additional currency on good assets so that banks that reopened would be able to meet every legitimate call.

text: The Emergency Banking Act, an amendment to the Trading with the Enemy Act of 1917, was introduced on March 9, 1933, to a joint session of Congress, and was passed the same evening amid an atmosphere of chaos and uncertainty as over 100 new Democratic members of Congress swept into power determined to take radical steps to address banking failures and other economic malaise. The EBA was one of President Roosevelt's first projects in the first 100 days of his presidency. The sense of urgency was such that the act was passed with only a single copy available on the floor of the House of Representatives and legislators voted on it after the bill was read aloud to them by Chairman of the House Banking Committee Henry Steagall. Copies were made available to senators as the bill was being proposed in the Senate, after it had passed in the House.

text: According to William L. Silber: "The Emergency Banking Act of 1933, passed by Congress on March 9, 1933, three days after FDR declared a nationwide bank holiday, combined with the Federal Reserve's commitment to supply unlimited amounts of currency to reopened banks, created 100 percent deposit insurance. Much to everyone's relief, when the institutions reopened for business on March 13, 1933, depositors stood in line to return their stashed cash to neighborhood banks. Within two weeks, Americans had redeposited more than half of the currency that they had squirreled away before the bank suspension. The stock market registered its approval as well. On March 15, 1933, the first day of stock trading after the extended closure of Wall Street, the New York Stock Exchange recorded the largest one-day percentage price increase ever with the Dow Jones Industrial Average gaining 8.26 points to close at 62.10; a gain of 15.34%. With the benefit of hindsight, the nationwide Bank Holiday and the Emergency Banking Act of March, 1933, ended the bank runs that had plagued the Great Depression."[2]

text: One month later, on April 5, 1933, President Roosevelt signed Executive Order 6102 criminalizing the possession of monetary gold by any individual, partnership, association or corporation[3][4] and Congress passed a similar resolution in June 1933.[5]

text: This act was a temporary response to a major problem. The 1933 Banking Act passed later that year presented elements of longer-term response, including formation of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC).


document_title: Mines and Geosciences Bureau Region 13 (Philippines)

question_text: three provinces that are most productive copper and gold producers in the philippines

text: General geology[edit]

text: In the broader physiographic framework of the Philippine archipelago, Caraga Region occupies the northernmost portion of the Eastern Mindanao Ridge or Mindanao Pacific Cordillera, a more than 400-km, NNW-SSE trending orogenic belt comprising eastern Mindanao. The Mindanao Pacific Cordillera is bounded by two major structures that played a key role in the neotectonic evolution of the Philippine Mobile Belt, namely the Philippine Trench and the Philippine Fault Zone.

text: The geologic evolution of the Mindanao Pacific Cordillera was largely controlled by convergent and transcurrent tectonics intermittently active during Upper Cretaceous to Pleistocene times. These complex tectonic processes brought about the juxtaposition of older metamorphic basement rocks with ophiolite suite of rocks later superposed by younger multiple stage island arc volcano-sedimentary sequences. The broad geomorphic configuration of the region is largely controlled by these tectonic processes of the past.

text: Oldest rocks in the region are pre-Tertiary metamorphics and ophiolitic suite of rocks of Cretaceous age. Limited exposures of post-ophiolitic sedimentary rocks of Eocene age suggest dominant erosional processes from Paleocene to Eocene period. On the contrary, the Oligocene to Middle Miocene age is marked by thick accumulation of arc basaltic volcano-sedimentary sequence and turbidites later succeeded by mid-Miocene to Pliocene volcanic flows, pyroclastics and epiclastic of more andesitic composition. Arc magmatism was also active during the mid-Miocene to Pliocene times generating monzonitic and dioritic stocks and plutons and hornblende andesite porphyry intrusions. In areas away from paleo-volcanic centers, thick sedimentary clastic rocks with sporadic limestone horizons and intercalated calcareous sediments, marls and/or coal seams were formed during the Miocene to Pliocene. Reefal limestone, some of dubious stratigraphic position unconformably capped older rocks with age assignment ranging from Miocene to Plio-Pleistocene. The Paco-Maniayao volcanic complex north of Lake Mainit represents the latest Quaternary volcanism in the region.

text: Mineral resources[edit]

text: The rich mineral heritage of Caraga Region greatly owes its genesis to these complex natural processes operative during a long span of geologic time. Two (2) major geological events are noteworthy in influencing the high mineral endowment of the Region. These are: 1) the emplacement of Upper Cretaceous ophiolites over the eastern Philippines proto-arc during the Paleocene times and 2) island arc calc-alkalic magmatic and volcanic activity during the Miocene to Pliocene times coeval with the inception of the Philippine Trench – Philippine Fault system resulting from the oblique convergence of the Philippine Sea Plate with eastern Mindanao.

text: The superposition of the younger island arc plutonic and sub-volcanic rocks with associated hydrothermal base and precious metal deposits with an older ophiolite suite of rocks with affiliated nickel and chromite deposits makes Caraga Region as one of the most prolifically endowed belt of the Philippines in terms of mineral resource potential and diversity.

text: Major metallic commodities[edit]

text: Ophiolite and associated nickel and chromite deposits

text: Caraga Region is situated in the Samar – Surigao segment of the Eastern Bicol – Eastern Mindanao ophiolite belt, one of the nine (9) major ophiolite. Ophiolites, particularly the ultramafic member of the assemblage, are of economic significance as they play host to two strategic ferro-alloy metallic commodities namely nickel and chromium. Large tracts of ultramafic terrains are exposed in the province of Surigao del Norte and northern Surigao del Sur, a majority of which are within the Surigao Mineral Reservation (SMR). Minor occurrences can also be found in the western range of Agusan del Norte.

text: The nickel resources of the region are in the form of nickeliferous laterites, soils of unique geochemistry derived from the tropical weathering of parent serpentinized ultramafites. Two types of nickel ore are of commercial importance, limonite (oxide) ore and saprolite (nickel silicate) ore. Nickel content is higher in the saprolite zone although cobalt is an important by-product of the limonite horizon. Potential is high in Surigao del Norte and northern Surigao del Sur particularly in Dinagat and Nonoc group of islands as well as in Claver – Carrascal area, Surigao mainland. Potential, but of lower tonnage occur in the western highlands of Agusan del Norte particularly from Jabonga to Tubay area.

text: Chromite deposits of typical metallurgical grade are also widely distributed in the ultramafic rocks and are of two types namely primary and secondary chromites, also known in simple parlance as lumpy and sandy chromite, respectively. Primary or orthomagmatic chromites are sporadically distributed in the ultramafics although major economic deposits are generally concentrated in the transition zone between residual harzburgite and cumulate dunite unit. Secondary chromite are either concentrated as residual deposits in latosols or as alluvial deposits in streams and coastal beaches. Large potential of chromite deposits occur in Dinagat Island, Surigao del Norte while sporadic occurrences are also present in the Claver-Carrascal area, Surigao mainland.

text: Island arc volcanism and associated hydrothermal copper and gold deposits

text: Caraga Region likewise occupies the northern and central part of the Eastern Mindanao Gold District, one of the principal gold belts of the country. The province is traditionally known for its productive epithermal to mesothermal gold ± silver deposits even during the pre-WWII times and has been a prime producer of the royal metal during the last two decades. Gold mineralization is generally associated with Miocene to Pliocene plutonic and volcanic rocks of calc-alkalic affinity.

text: The discovery of the Boyongan porphyry copper deposit further enhance the mineral prospectivity of the region in targeting additional concealed copper ± gold deposits beneath or adjacent to known upper-level hydrothermal gold systems. The recognition of presence of telescoped epithermal—hypothermal deposit pairs offers a new dimension in copper—gold exploration for the Region.

text: In terms of potential for gold, Surigao del Norte still ranks high followed by Agusan del Sur and Agusan del Norte. For porphyry copper, rank is still the same although Agusan del Norte have a slight edge than Agusan del Sur as low-level diorite is already exposed in the Asiga area. At present, Surigao del Sur relatively ranks as lowest in potential for both epithermal gold and porphyry copper prospects among the provinces of the Region although its prospectivity may improve as exploration work progresses in the future.

text: Minor metallic mineral commodities[edit]

text: Manganese

text: Geologically, manganese prospects in the region are typically associated with basaltic rocks. Numerous, although sporadic occurrences are reported in the basalts in Surigao del Sur as well as in basalt – limestone contact in RTR town, Agusan del Norte. Continuity is less established and is deemed amenable at present to small scale mining.

text: Bauxite

text: Aluminous bauxite deposit had been reported in Bucas Grande Island, Surigao del Norte but at present, the island is declared as a protected area under the NIPA’s domain.

text: Magnetite

text: Two types of magnetite deposits are found in the region. Primary magnetite in the form of skarn deposit has been reported in Jubgan, San Francisco, Surigao del Norte hosted in ultramafic rocks intruded by felsic intrusives. Secondary titaniferous magnetite sands are reported in the coastal beaches of Bacuag-Gigaquit-Claver area, Surigao del Norte mainland. Of still unresolved genesis are the recently discovered magnetite bodies overlying ultramafic rocks in Urbiztondo, Claver, Surigao del Norte adjacent to ultramafic terrain – arc basalt / limestone lithology.

text: Non-metallic commodities[edit]

text: Limestone and Guano

text: Limestone exposures of varying age are widespread in the Region. Application broadly differs with age. The only cement plant in the Region located in Surigao City derived its raw materials from limestone of Mio-Pliocene age. Industrial and agri-lime are mostly derived from younger limestone bodies (Plio-Pleistocene age). Slightly metamorphosed / marbolized limestone of Oligo-Miocene and pre-Tertiary age are potential for dimension and ornamental stones but production is locally limited and largely untapped.

text: Numerous caves developed in limestone terrains had been inventoried in the past for presence of phosphate – guano deposits. However, with the current thrust on prioritization of cave for protection and use as eco-tourism spots, extraction of guanos from caves is currently minimal.

text: Silica

text: High grade silica bodies (90% and above) amenable to small-scale mining occur in Dinagat Island associated with Cretaceous metamorphics. Lower grade local silica source for cement additive is derived from plagiophyric andesite porphyry in Surigao City.

text: Dimension Stones

text: Serpentinized ultramafics form the bulk of materials that are utilized as dimension/ornamental stones. Presently, raw source from Dinagat are being shipped to Cebu where they are further polished and formed into finished products. Other sources are from foliated—schistosed metamorphics primarily used as local landscape materials. Overall, utilization of rocks with ornamental properties as well as semi-precious gemstone gatherings remain an undeveloped industry in the Region.

text: Coal

text: Although several coal seams had been reported in the literature, those of viable quality are found mostly in Surigao del Sur particularly in the Bislig-Lingig coal district and in San Miguel town.

text: Water resources[edit]

text: Based on the rapid appraisal of water supply sources covering Caraga Region, existing water resources can be broadly categorized into three types namely; groundwater, springs and surface waters.

text: Groundwater

text: In terms of groundwater availability, the percentage per province in terms of area per category are as follows:

text:
Province
Difficult
Deep Well
Shallow Well

Agusan del Norte
70%
30%
0%

Agusan del Sur
50%
50%
0%

Surigao del Norte
79%
20%
1%

Surigao del Sur
45%
43%
12%

text: The extent of completely shallow well area is limited, because most of the recent sedimentary deposits are thick or deposited on younger, permeable rocks that usually have multiple aquifers at greater depths.

text: Surface Waters

text: Major surface water sources in Agusan del Norte are Agusan River, Cabadbaran River, Kalinawan River, Linugos River, Tubay River and Lake Mainit. About 99.5% of the surface water rights were registered for irrigation

text: Major surface water sources in the province are the Agusan River and its tributaries. Surface water use is however mainly for irrigation purposes.

text: Major surface water sources in the province of Surigao del Norte are the Surigao River, Valencia River, Mayag River, Sonkoy Creek, Bacuag River and Gigaguit River. About 94% of the surface water rights were registered for irrigation and the remaining 6% were for domestic, industrial and fisheries by water supply systems and a few private companies. For domestic water supply, the Surigao Metropolitan Water District (SMWD) has registered water from the Parang-Parang Creek (tributary of the Surigao River) since 1994. Actually, SMWD has been collecting surface water from protected spring fields.

text: Major surface water sources in the province of Surigao del Sur are the Carac-an River, Tago River and Bislig River. The bulk of surface water rights were registered for irrigation and the remaining were for domestic, industrial and fisheries by water supply systems and a few private companies.

text: Springs

text: Developed spring sources are usually exploited in hilly to mountainous areas generally classified as difficult areas for groundwater development. Springs are generally localized in occurrence and emanate along contact between pervious and massive rocks; faults, joints, sheared zones and other rock discontinuities; and enlarged solution cavities in limestone / karstic terrain. Higher yield spring waters usually occur in areas underlain by limestone. Developed spring sources inventoried and identified untapped but with potential for future development per province are as follows:

text:
Province
Developed
Untapped

Agusan del Norte
83
18

Agusan del Sur
266
65

Surigao del Norte
277
34

text: No detailed spring sources inventory had been undertaken so far for the province of Surigao del Sur.

text: Officers[edit]

text:
Name
Division

Roger A. De Dios
Regional Director

Carlos E. Cogolio
OIC-Chief, Mine Management Division

Francis Glenn N. Suante
OIC-Chief, Mining Safety, Environment and Social Development Division

Romeo M. Dalodado
Chief, Geosciences Services Division

Jose Salve E. Cabiling
Chief, Finance and Administrative Division

text: Sources[edit]

text:
Jump up ^ Ronald Echalas Diaz, Chan Robles & Associates Law Firm (1995-02-23). "Republic Act No. 7901 created Caraga Region comprising five (5) provinces of Dinagat Islands, Surigao del Norte, Surigao del Sur, Agusan del Norte and Agusan del Sur". Chanrobles.com. Retrieved 2010-11-02. CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
Jump up ^ "Agusan del Norte". Agusan del Norte. Archived from the original on 2005-11-11. Retrieved 2010-11-02.
Jump up ^ Agusan Del Sur. "Agusan del Sur". Agusan del Sur. Archived from the original on 2011-01-28. Retrieved 2010-11-02.
Jump up ^ Department of Environment and Natural Resources (Philippines) An executive Department of the Republic of the Philippines mandated to supervise judicious utilization and development of the country's natural resources. visit website
Jump up ^ Mines and Geosciences Bureau A line bureau under the Department of Environment and Natural Resources mandated to supervise licensing of mining permits and contracts, development and disposition of mineral resources, mining environment, health and safety, among others.
Jump up ^ DENR-MGB Regional Office No. 13 is located in Surigao City, rather than Butuan City (the region's capital), by virtue of Sec. 2, Republic Act No. 7901 - An Act Creating Region XIII to be known as the Caraga Administrative Region, and for other purposes

tag: ol

text: CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors listOrphaned articles from January 2012All orphaned articles


document_title: List of NFL franchise post-season droughts

question_text: when was the last time the cleveland browns won a playoff game

text: Active team droughts[edit]

text: Post-season droughts[edit]

text: Updated through the end of the 2017 NFL season.

text:
0^0

Longest drought in team history

text:
Playoff Droughts [1][2]

0Team0

Last appearance in post-season

Seasons

Cleveland Browns ^
2002 AFC Wild Card Playoffs

15

Tampa Bay Buccaneers
2007 NFC Wild Card Playoffs

10

New York Jets
2010 AFC Championship Game

7

Chicago Bears
2010 NFC Championship Game

7

Los Angeles Chargers
2013 AFC Divisional Playoffs

4

San Francisco 49ers
2013 NFC Championship Game

4

Baltimore Ravens
2014 AFC Divisional Playoffs

3

Indianapolis Colts
2014 AFC Championship Game

3

Cincinnati Bengals
2015 AFC Wild Card Playoffs

2

Washington Redskins
2015 NFC Wild Card Playoffs

2

Arizona Cardinals
2015 NFC Championship Game

2

Denver Broncos
Super Bowl 50

2

Miami Dolphins
2016 AFC Wild Card Playoffs

1

Oakland Raiders
2016 AFC Wild Card Playoffs

1

New York Giants
2016 NFC Wild Card Playoffs

1

Detroit Lions
2016 NFC Wild Card Playoffs

1

Houston Texans
2016 AFC Divisional Playoffs

1

Dallas Cowboys
2016 NFC Divisional Playoffs

1

Seattle Seahawks
2016 NFC Divisional Playoffs

1

Green Bay Packers
2016 NFC Championship Game

1

2017 Playoff Teams

Buffalo Bills
2017 AFC Wild Card Playoffs

—

Kansas City Chiefs
2017 AFC Wild Card Playoffs

—

Carolina Panthers
2017 NFC Wild Card Playoffs

—

Los Angeles Rams
2017 NFC Wild Card Playoffs

—

Tennessee Titans
2017 AFC Divisional Playoffs

—

Pittsburgh Steelers
2017 AFC Divisional Playoffs

—

New Orleans Saints
2017 NFC Divisional Playoffs

—

Atlanta Falcons
2017 NFC Divisional Playoffs

—

Jacksonville Jaguars
2017 AFC Championship Game

—

Minnesota Vikings
2017 NFC Championship Game

—

Philadelphia Eagles
Super Bowl LII

—

New England Patriots
Super Bowl LII

—

text: Playoff game victory droughts[edit]

text:
Updated through the 2017 NFL season.
Sortable table, click on header arrows.

text:
0^0

Longest drought in team history

0♦0

Most consecutive losses in team history

0¤0

Tied for most consecutive losses in team history

0♣ ♣0

Most consecutive losses in NFL history

text:
Current Playoff Loss Streak[1]

Team

Last playoff game win

SeasonsSince Win

Loss Streak

Playoff Losses - Teams

Cincinnati Bengals ^
1990 AFC Wild Card Playoffs

27
♦ 8
1990 Divisional - Los Angeles Raiders2005 Wild Card - Pittsburgh2009 Wild Card - New York Jets2011 Wild Card - Houston2012 Wild Card - Houston2013 Wild Card - San Diego2014 Wild Card - Indianapolis2015 Wild Card - Pittsburgh

Detroit Lions
1991 NFC Divisional Playoffs*

26
♣ ♣ 9
1991 NFC Championship - Washington1993 Wild Card - Green Bay1994 Wild Card - Green Bay1995 Wild Card - Philadelphia 1997 Wild Card - Tampa Bay1999 Wild Card - Washington2011 Wild Card - New Orleans2014 Wild Card - Dallas2016 Wild Card - Seattle

Buffalo Bills ^
1995 AFC Wild Card Playoffs

22
♦ 5
1995 Divisional - Pittsburgh1996 Wild Card - Jacksonville1998 Wild Card - Miami1999 Wild Card - Tennessee2017 Wild Card - Jacksonville

Cleveland Browns [a]
1994 AFC Wild Card Playoffs

20**
2
1994 Divisional - Pittsburgh2002 Wild Card - Pittsburgh[a]

Miami Dolphins ^
2000 AFC Wild Card Playoffs

17
4 ¤
2000 Divisional - Oakland2001 Wild Card - Baltimore2008 Wild Card - Baltimore2016 Wild Card - Pittsburgh

Oakland Raiders ^
2002 AFC Championship*

15
2 ¤
2002 Super Bowl - Tampa Bay2016 Wild Card - Houston

Tampa Bay Buccaneers
Super Bowl XXXVII*

15
2
2005 Wild Card - Washington2007 Wild Card - New York Giants

Los Angeles Rams
2004 NFC Wild Card Playoffs

13
2
2004 Divisional - Atlanta2017 Wild Card - Atlanta

Washington Redskins
2005 NFC Wild Card Playoffs

12
4 ¤
2005 Divisional - Seattle2007 Wild Card - Seattle2012 Wild Card - Seattle2015 Wild Card - Green Bay

New York Jets
2010 AFC Divisional Playoffs

7
1
2010 AFC Championship - Pittsburgh

Chicago Bears
2010 NFC Divisional Playoffs*

7
1
2010 NFC Championship - Green Bay

New York Giants
Super Bowl XLVI

6
1
2016 Wild Card - Green Bay

Los Angeles Chargers
2013 AFC Wild Card Playoffs

4
1
2013 Divisional - Denver

San Francisco 49ers
2013 NFC Divisional Playoffs

4
1
2013 NFC Championship - Seattle

Baltimore Ravens
2014 AFC Wild Card Playoffs

3
1
2014 Divisional - New England

Dallas Cowboys
2014 NFC Wild Card Playoffs

3
2
2014 Divisional - Green Bay2016 Divisional - Green Bay

Indianapolis Colts
2014 AFC Divisional Playoffs

3
1
2014 AFC Championship - New England

Kansas City Chiefs
2015 AFC Wild Card Playoffs

2
3
2015 Divisional - New England2016 Divisional - Pittsburgh2017 Wild Card - Tennessee

Arizona Cardinals
2015 NFC Divisional Playoffs*

2
1
2015 NFC Championship - Carolina

Carolina Panthers
2015 NFC Championship*

2
2
2015 Super Bowl - Denver2017 Wild Card - New Orleans

Denver Broncos
Super Bowl 50*

2
0
3-game win streak

Houston Texans
2016 AFC Wild Card Playoffs

1
1
2016 Divisional - New England

Seattle Seahawks
2016 NFC Wild Card Playoffs

1
1
2016 Divisional - Atlanta

Pittsburgh Steelers
2016 AFC Divisional Playoffs

1
2
2016 AFC Championship - New England2017 Divisional - Jacksonville

Green Bay Packers
2016 NFC Divisional Playoffs

1
1
2016 NFC Championship - Atlanta

2017 Playoff0
 Winners

Tennessee Titans
2017 AFC Wild Card Playoffs

0
1
2017 Divisional - New England

Atlanta Falcons
2017 NFC Wild Card Playoffs

0
1
2017 Divisional - Philadelphia

New Orleans Saints
2017 NFC Wild Card Playoffs

0
1
2017 Divisional - Minnesota

Jacksonville Jaguars
2017 AFC Divisional Playoffs

0
1
2017 AFC Championship - New England

Minnesota Vikings
2017 NFC Divisional Playoffs*

0
1
2017 NFC Championship - Philadelphia

New England Patriots
2017 AFC Championship*

0
1
Super Bowl LII - Philadelphia

Philadelphia Eagles
Super Bowl LII*

0
0
3-game win streak

Team

Last playoff game win

SeasonsSince Win

Loss Streak

Playoff Losses - Teams

text:
(*): Franchise earned a bye in the Wild Card round.

a  Franchise dormant 1996–1998. Since returning team is 0-1 in playoffs.

text: AFC/NFC Championship game appearance droughts[edit]

text: This is also a list of the last time a particular club won a Divisional playoff game.

text:
0^0

Longest drought in team history

0†0

Tied for longest drought in team history

text:
Drought Reference [1]

Seasons

Team

Last appearancein Conference Championship Game

Result

29
Cincinnati Bengals ^
1988 AFC
Won vs. Buffalo

26
Washington Redskins ^
1991 NFC
Won vs. Detroit

26
Detroit Lions ^
1991 NFC
Lost vs. Washington

25
Miami Dolphins ^
1992 AFC
Lost vs. Buffalo

25 [d]
Cleveland Browns ^
1989 AFC
Lost vs. Denver

24
Buffalo Bills ^
1993 AFC
Won vs. Kansas City

24
Kansas City Chiefs †
1993 AFC
Lost vs. Buffalo

22
Dallas Cowboys ^
1995 NFC
Won vs. Green Bay

16
Houston Texans ^
1985Never [c]
y —

16
Los Angeles Rams ^ [a]
2001 NFC
Won vs. Philadelphia

15
Tampa Bay Buccaneers
2002 NFC
Won vs. Philadelphia

15
Oakland Raiders ^
2002 AFC
Won vs. Tennessee

15
Tennessee Titans
2002 AFC
Lost vs. Oakland

10
Los Angeles Chargers [b]
2007 AFC
Lost vs. New England

8
New Orleans Saints
2009 NFC
Won vs. Minnesota

7
New York Jets
2010 AFC
Lost vs. Pittsburgh

7
Chicago Bears
2010 NFC
Lost vs. Green Bay

6
New York Giants
2011 NFC
Won vs. San Francisco

5
Baltimore Ravens
2012 AFC
Won vs. New England

4
San Francisco 49ers
2013 NFC
Lost vs. Seattle

3
Indianapolis Colts
2014 AFC
Lost vs. New England

3
Seattle Seahawks
2014 NFC
Won vs. Green Bay

2
Denver Broncos
2015 AFC
Won vs. New England

2
Arizona Cardinals
2015 NFC
Lost vs. Carolina

2
Carolina Panthers
2015 NFC
Won vs. Arizona

1
Pittsburgh Steelers
2016 AFC
Lost vs. New England

1
Green Bay Packers
2016 NFC
Lost vs. Atlanta

1
Atlanta Falcons
2016 NFC
Won vs. Green Bay

.75
Z2017  Conference Finalists
2016.5
z

0
Jacksonville Jaguars
2017 AFC
Lost vs. New England

0
Minnesota Vikings
2017 NFC
Lost vs. Philadelphia

0
Philadelphia Eagles
2017 NFC
Won vs. Minnesota

0
New England Patriots
2017 AFC
Won vs. Jacksonville

text:
a  The Los Angeles Rams last appeared in the NFC Championship game as the St. Louis Rams.
b  The Los Angeles Chargers last appeared in the AFC Championship game as the San Diego Chargers.
c  The Texans first played in the 2002 season.
d  The Browns were dormant from 1996–1998. Since returning 19 years ago, the Browns have never played in an AFC Championship Game.

text: Super Bowl or NFL Championship appearance droughts[edit]

text:
Last appearance in Super Bowl orNFL Championship[1][3]

Seasons

Team

Last appearancein Super Bowl

NFLSeason

Result

60
Detroit Lions
 1957 NFL Championship Game
1957
Won vs. Cleveland

49
New York Jets
 Super Bowl III
1968
Won vs. Baltimore Colts

48
Kansas City Chiefs
 Super Bowl IV
1969
Won vs. Minnesota

45 [e]
Cleveland Browns
1969.1 1969 NFL Championship Game
1969
Lost vs. Minnesota

41
Minnesota Vikings
 Super Bowl XI
1976
Lost vs. Oakland

33
Miami Dolphins
 Super Bowl XIX
1984
Lost vs. San Francisco

29
Cincinnati Bengals
 Super Bowl XXIII
1988
Lost vs. San Francisco

26
Washington Redskins
 Super Bowl XXVI
1991
Won vs. Buffalo

24
Buffalo Bills
 Super Bowl XXVIII
1993
Lost vs. Dallas

23
Jacksonville Jaguars
 Never (enfranchised 1995)

z —

23
Los Angeles Chargers [f]
 Super Bowl XXIX
1994
Lost vs. San Francisco

22
Dallas Cowboys
 Super Bowl XXX
1995
Won vs. Pittsburgh

18
Tennessee Titans
 Super Bowl XXXIV
1999
Lost vs. St. Louis Rams

16
Houston Texans
 Never (enfranchised 2002)

z —

16
Los Angeles Rams [g]
 Super Bowl XXXVI
2001
Lost vs. New England

15
Tampa Bay Buccaneers
 Super Bowl XXXVII
2002
Won vs. Oakland

15
Oakland Raiders
 Super Bowl XXXVII
2002
Lost vs. Tampa Bay

11
Chicago Bears
 Super Bowl XLI
2006
Lost vs. Indianapolis

9
Arizona Cardinals
 Super Bowl XLIII
2008
Lost vs. Pittsburgh

8
New Orleans Saints
 Super Bowl XLIV
2009
Won vs. Indianapolis

8
Indianapolis Colts
 Super Bowl XLIV
2009
Lost vs. New Orleans

7
Green Bay Packers
 Super Bowl XLV
2010
Won vs. Pittsburgh

7
Pittsburgh Steelers
 Super Bowl XLV
2010
Lost vs. Green Bay

6
New York Giants
 Super Bowl XLVI
2011
Won vs. New England

5
Baltimore Ravens
 Super Bowl XLVII
2012
Won vs. San Francisco

5
San Francisco 49ers
 Super Bowl XLVII
2012
Lost vs. Baltimore Ravens

3
Seattle Seahawks
 Super Bowl XLIX
2014
Lost vs. New England

2
Carolina Panthers
 Super Bowl 50
2015
Lost vs. Denver

2
Denver Broncos
 Super Bowl 50
2015
Won vs. Carolina

1
Atlanta Falcons
 Super Bowl LI
2016
Lost vs. New England

.75
ZSuper Bowl LII teams
a
2016a
zz

0
New England Patriots
 Super Bowl LII
2017
Lost vs. Philadelphia

0
Philadelphia Eagles
 Super Bowl LII
2017
Won vs. New England

text:
e  The Browns were dormant from 1996–1998. Since returning 19 seasons ago, Cleveland has never appeared in a Super Bowl or NFL championship game.
f  The Los Angeles Chargers last appeared in the Super Bowl as the San Diego Chargers.
g  The Los Angeles Rams last appeared in the Super Bowl as the St. Louis Rams.

text: Super Bowl win droughts[edit]

text: This list also counts all seasons since a team last won the league championship.

text:
Drought References[1][3]

Seasons

Team

Last Super Bowl crown (1966–present)

NFLSeason

Last League Championship crown  Before 1970 Merger(1920–1969)

Seasons

52
Arizona Cardinals[a]
Never
—
1947 NFL Championship
70

52
Detroit Lions
Never
—
1957 NFL Championship
60

52
Tennessee Titans[b]
Never
—
1961 AFL Championship
56

52
Los Angeles Chargers
Never
—
1963 AFL Championship
54

52
Buffalo Bills
Never
—
1965 AFL Championship
52

49
Cleveland Browns [d]
Never
—
1964 NFL Championship
50

52
Minnesota Vikings
Never
—
1969 NFL Championship[c]
48

52
Atlanta Falcons
Never (enfranchised 1966)
—

50
Cincinnati Bengals
Never (enfranchised 1968)
—

49
New York Jets [e]
Super Bowl III
1968

48
Kansas City Chiefs [e]
Super Bowl IV
1969

44
Miami Dolphins
Super Bowl VIII
1973

34
Oakland Raiders [f]
Super Bowl XVIII
1983

32
Chicago Bears
Super Bowl XX
1985

26
Washington Redskins
Super Bowl XXVI
1991

23
Jacksonville Jaguars
Never (enfranchised 1995)
—

23
Carolina Panthers
Never (enfranchised 1995)
—

23
San Francisco 49ers
Super Bowl XXIX
1994

22
Dallas Cowboys
Super Bowl XXX
1995

18
Los Angeles Rams [g]
Super Bowl XXXIV
1999

16
Houston Texans
Never (enfranchised 2002)
—

15
Tampa Bay Buccaneers
Super Bowl XXXVII
2002

11
Indianapolis Colts
Super Bowl XLI
2006

9
Pittsburgh Steelers
Super Bowl XLIII
2008

8
New Orleans Saints
Super Bowl XLIV
2009

7
Green Bay Packers
Super Bowl XLV
2010

6
New York Giants
Super Bowl XLVI
2011

5
Baltimore Ravens
Super Bowl XLVII
2012

4
Seattle Seahawks
Super Bowl XLVIII
2013

2
Denver Broncos
Super Bowl 50
2015

1
New England Patriots
Super Bowl LI
2016

.75
ZDefending champion
2015
z

0
Philadelphia Eagles
Super Bowl LII
2017

text:
a  Team won as the Chicago Cardinals in 1947.
b  Team won as the Houston Oilers in 1961.
c  AFL and NFL league champions met in Super Bowls I thru IV before the 1970 merger (1966–1969). They are not generally counted in the overall league championship list.
d  Browns suspended operations from 1996–1998. Since returning to the league, they have never appeared in or won a Super Bowl.
e  Super Bowl winner was not the NFL league champion till after 1970 merger (Super Bowl V).
f  Team was based in Los Angeles when it won Super Bowl XVIII.
g  Team was based in St. Louis when it won Super Bowl XXXIV.

text: Super Bowl crown droughts by division[edit]

text:
Division

Last Super Bowl crown

Seasons

AFC South
XLI — Colts
11

NFC South
XLIV — Saints
8

NFC North
XLV — Packers
7

AFC North
XLVII — Ravens
5

NFC West
XLVIII — Seahawks
4

AFC West
50 — Broncos
2

AFC East
LI — Patriots
1

NFC East
LII — Eagles
0

text: Cities/regions awaiting first Super Bowl crown[edit]

text:
Listed according to seasons waited.
Current NFL cities/regions only.

text:
Last city to leave list: Philadelphia, 2017 season

City/region

Seasons waited

Conference Title(s)

Team(s)

Notes

Detroit
52
None
Detroit Lions (1966–present)
Played in the 1991 NFC Championship Game. Last NFL Championship won in 1957.

Buffalo
52
1990, 1991, 1992, 1993
Buffalo Bills (1966–present)
Played in Super Bowls XXV, XXVI, XXVII, and XXVIII. Last AFL Championship won in 1965 (pre-merger). Buffalo's previous NFL franchise, the Buffalo All-Americans, claimed an unrecognized 1921 championship.

Atlanta
52
1998, 2016
Atlanta Falcons (1966–present)
Played in Super Bowls XXXIII and LI.

Minneapolis–St. Paul
52
1969, 1973, 1974, 1976
Minnesota Vikings (1966–present)
Played in Super Bowls IV, VIII, IX, and XI. NFL Championship won in 1969 was last title before formal AFL–NFL merger later in 1970. Previous NFL team, the Minneapolis Marines / Red Jackets, also never won an NFL title.

Cincinnati
50
1981, 1988
Cincinnati Bengals (1968–present)
Played in Super Bowls XVI and XXIII. Previous NFL team, the Cincinnati Celts, never won an NFL title.

Cleveland
49
None
Cleveland Browns (1966–1995, 1999–present)
Played in the 1986, 1987, and 1989 AFC Championship Games.  Last NFL Championship won in 1964 (pre-merger).

Houston
47
None
31 Oilers seasons (1966–1996) and 16 Texans seasons (2002–present)
Played in the 1978 and 1979 AFC Championship Games. The Oilers franchise in Houston won the AFL Championship in 1960 and 1961 (pre-merger).

Phoenix
30
2008
Phoenix/Arizona Cardinals (1988–present)
Played in Super Bowl XLIII.

Jacksonville
23
None
Jacksonville Jaguars (1995–present)
Played in the 1996, 1999 and 2017 AFC Championship Games.

Charlotte
23
2003, 2015
Carolina Panthers (1995–present)
Played in Super Bowls XXXVIII and 50.

Nashville
21
1999
Tennessee Oilers/Titans (1997–present)
Played in Super Bowl XXXIV.

text: Division title droughts[edit]

text:
Listed according to seasons waited.
Updated through the 2017 season.

text:
0^0

Longest drought in team history

text:
Franchise

0 0 Most recent0 0  division title

0Year0

Seasons

Cleveland Browns^
AFC Central
1989
25**

Detroit Lions^
NFC Central
1993
24

Buffalo Bills^
AFC East
1995
22

Oakland Raiders^
AFC West
2002
15

New York Jets
AFC East
2002
15

Tampa Bay Buccaneers
NFC South
2007
10

Miami Dolphins^
AFC East
2008
9

Tennessee Titans
AFC South
2008
9

Los Angeles Chargers
AFC West
2009
8

Chicago Bears
NFC North
2010
7

New York Giants
NFC East
2011
6

Baltimore Ravens
AFC North
2012
5

San Francisco 49ers
NFC West
2012
5

Indianapolis Colts
AFC South
2014
3

Cincinnati Bengals
AFC North
2015
2

Denver Broncos
AFC West
2015
2

Washington Redskins
NFC East
2015
2

Carolina Panthers
NFC South
2015
2

Arizona Cardinals
NFC West
2015
2

Houston Texans
AFC South
2016
1

Dallas Cowboys
NFC East
2016
1

Green Bay Packers
NFC North
2016
1

Atlanta Falcons
NFC South
2016
1

Seattle Seahawks
NFC West
2016
1

2017 Division Champions

New England Patriots
AFC East
2017
—

Pittsburgh Steelers
AFC North
2017
—

Jacksonville Jaguars
AFC South
2017
—

Kansas City Chiefs
AFC West
2017
—

Philadelphia Eagles
NFC East
2017
—

Minnesota Vikings
NFC North
2017
—

New Orleans Saints
NFC South
2017
—

Los Angeles Rams
NFC West
2017
—

text: **Does not include the three seasons (1996–1998) during which the franchise suspended operations.

text: Historical team droughts[edit]

text: Closest approaches without winning the Super Bowl[edit]

text:
Counted from the first Super Bowl season, 1966, to present.
Updated through the Super Bowl LII.

text:
Last team to leave this list - 2017 Philadelphia Eagles

Team

Wild Card appearances1

Divisional Round appearances2

Conference Final appearances3

Super Bowl appearances

Fewest wins short of  Super Bowl Title

Minnesota Vikings
12
21
9
4
1 win short : 1969, 1973, 1974, 1976

Buffalo Bills
7
10
5
4
1 win short : 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993

Cincinnati Bengals
8
6
2
2
1 win short : 1982, 1988

Atlanta Falcons
7
10
4
2
1 win short : 1998, 2016

Carolina Panthers
4
7
4
2
1 win short : 2003, 2015

Los Angeles Chargers
6
10
4
1
1 win short : 1994

Tennessee Titans
13
13
4
1
1 win short : 1999

Arizona Cardinals
4
6
2
1
1 win short : 2008

Cleveland Browns
3
8
6

2 wins short : 1968, 1969, 1986, 1987, 1989

Jacksonville Jaguars
6
5
3

2 wins short : 1996, 1999, 2017

Detroit Lions
8
3
1

2 wins short : 1991

Houston Texans
4
3

3 wins short : 2011, 2012, 2016

text: NFL Title Game in which neither team had previously won a championship[edit]

text: In these instances, the matchup ensured that one team would win the first NFL or AFL playoff championship in its history.

text:
0♦0

Drought Continues Thru 2017

0^0

Both Teams in 1st Title game

text:
Beginning at Playoff Era - 1933

Season -  Super Bowl #
Won
Lost
Number of years tilldrought ended

1981 - XVI ^
San Francisco 49ers
Cincinnati Bengals ♦
36

1971 - VI
Dallas Cowboys
Miami Dolphins
1

1963 AFL
San Diego Chargers
Boston Patriots
38

1960 AFL ^
Houston Oilers
Los Angeles Chargers
3

1947 ^
Chicago Cardinals
Philadelphia Eagles
1

1936 ^
Green Bay Packers
Boston Redskins
1

1933 ^
Chicago Bears
New York Giants
1

text: Playoff droughts of 5 plus seasons[edit]

text:
0^0

Denotes active streak

text:
Last place NFL finishes

Last place AFL finishes (1960–1969)

text:
List of Droughts[1]

Seasons

Team

Drought Duration

Division or Conference Last Placefinishes during drought

League Worst win-loss record during drought

Last Place

Seasons

25

Washington Redskins

1946–1970

4
1950, 1952, 1960–1961

1961

25

Chicago / St. Louis Cardinals

1949–1973

5
1951, 1953–1954, 1957, 1959

1953, 1954, 1957 tie, 19591959 tie

24

Pittsburgh Steelers

1948–1971

5
1955, 1965, 1967–1969

1965, 1969 tie

20

New Orleans Saints

1967–1986

9
1967, 1970–1972, 1975, 1977, 1980–1981, 1986

19751975 tie, 1980

17

Denver Broncos

1960–1976

8
1960, 1963–1967, 1970–1971

1960, 1963, 1964, 1965 tie, 1967

17

Philadelphia Eagles

1961–1977

7
1962–1963, 1968–1970, 1972, 1975

1968 tie

17

New York Giants

1964–1980

9
1964, 1966, 1971, 1973–1974, 1976–1978, 1980

1964, 1966, 1974 tie

17

Buffalo Bills

2000–2016

8
2001–2002, 2008–2013

—

16

Detroit Lions

1936–1951

4
1942, 1946–1948

1942, 1946, 1948

15

Chicago Cardinals

1932–1946

10
1933, 1935–1936, 1938–1940, 1943–1946

1933, 1938 tie, 1939, 1943, 1944 tie[a], 1945

15

Green Bay Packers

1945–1959

4
1949, 1953, 1957, 1958

1957 tie, 1958

15

St. Louis / Phoenix / Arizona Cardinals

1983–1997

7
1985–1986, 1990–1992, 1995, 1997

—

15 ^

Cleveland Browns

2003–2017

13
2003–2006, 2008–2009, 2011–2017

2015 tie, 2016, 2017

14

Pittsburgh Pirates / Steelers

1933–1946

7
1933–1934, 1938–1939, 1941, 1944–1945

1938 tie, 1941, 1944 tie[a]

14

Philadelphia Eagles

1933–1946

5
1935–1937, 1940, 1942

1935, 1936, 1940

14

Kansas City Chiefs

1972–1985

5
1977–1979, 1983, 1985

19771977 tie

14

Tampa Bay Buccaneers

1983–1996

8
1983, 1985–1986, 1989, 1991, 1993–1995

19831983 tie, 1985 tie, 1986

14

Cincinnati Bengals

1991–2004

6
1991–1993, 1998, 2001–2002

1993, 1998 tie, 2002

13

Chicago Bears

1964–1976

5
1969–1970, 1972–1974

1969 tie

13

San Diego Chargers

1966–1978

3
1972–1973, 1975

1975 tie

13

Oakland Raiders

2003–2015

6
2004–2007, 2013–2014

2003 tie, 2006

12

Detroit Lions

1958–1969

2
1966, 1968

—

12

San Francisco 49ers

1958–1969

3
1963–1964, 1969

1963

12

Boston / New England Patriots

1964–1975

4
1967, 1970, 1972, 1975

1970

12

Atlanta Falcons

1966–1977

3
1967–1968, 1974

1967, 1968 tie

12

St. Louis / Los Angeles Rams

2005–2016

6
2007–2009, 2011, 2013–2014

2009, 2011 tie

11

Los Angeles Rams

1956–1966

4
1956, 1959, 1962, 1965

19591959 tie, 1962

11

New York Jets

1970–1980

1
1980

—

11

Detroit Lions

1971–1981

1
1979

19791979 tie

11

Detroit Lions

2000–2010

6
2001–2003, 2006, 2008–2009

2008

10

Philadelphia Eagles

1950–1959

2
1956, 1958

1956

10

Green Bay Packers

1983–1992

1
1988

—

10

Seattle Seahawks

1989–1998

4
1992–1994, 1996

1992 tie

10 ^

Tampa Bay Buccaneers

2008–2017

7
2009, 2011–2015, 2017

20142014 tie

9

Green Bay Packers

1973–1981

2
1976, 1980

—

9

Baltimore / Indianapolis Colts

1978–1986

4
1978 - 1979, 1982, 1986

1981 tie, 1982

9

San Diego Chargers

1983–1991

4
1984, 1986, 1989, 1991

—

9

Los Angeles / St. Louis Rams

1990–1998

6
1991–1994, 1997–1998

—

9

Arizona Cardinals

1999–2007

4
2000, 2002–2003, 2006

2003 tie

9

Houston Texans

2002–2010

5
2002–2003, 2005–2007

2005

9

Jacksonville Jaguars

2008–2016

4
2008–2009, 2012, 2016

2012 tie

8

New York Titans / Jets

1960–1967

2
1962–1963

—

8

Houston Oilers

1970–1977

4
1970, 1972–1973, 1976

1972, 1973

8

San Francisco 49ers

1973–1980

2
1978–1979

1978, 1979 tie

8

Atlanta Falcons

1983–1990

7
1983–1985, 1987–1990

1987

8

San Diego Chargers

1996–2003

5
1997–1998, 2000–2001, 2003

2000, 2003 tie

8

San Francisco 49ers

2003–2010

2
2004–2005

2004

8

Tennessee Titans

2009–2016

3
2010, 2014–2015

20142014 tie, 2015 tie

7

Cleveland Rams

1937–1944 [b]

2
1937, 1941

1937

7

San Francisco 49ers

1950–1956

0
—

—

7

Oakland Raiders

1960–1966

2
1961–1962

1961, 1962

7

Minnesota Vikings

1961–1967

3
1961, 1966–1967

—

7

Buffalo Bills

1967–1973

2
1968, 1971

19681971

7

Cleveland Browns

1973–1979

3
1974–1975, 1977

—

7

Seattle Seahawks

1976–1982

3
1976, 1980–1981

—

7

Detroit Lions

1984–1990

1
1987

—

7

New England Patriots

1987–1993

2
1990, 1992

1990, 1992 tie

7

Indianapolis Colts

1988–1994

2
1991, 1993

1991

7

New Orleans Saints

1993–1999

3
1995–1996, 1999

—

7

Miami Dolphins

2009–2015

1
2015

—

7 ^

Chicago Bears

2011–2017

4
2014–2017

—

7 ^

New York Jets

2011–2017

3
2014, 2016–2017

—

6

Chicago Bears

1957–1962

0
—

—

6

Dallas Cowboys

1960–1965

1
1960

1960

6

St. Louis Cardinals

1976–1981

2
1979, 1981

—

6

Houston Oilers

1981–1986

4
1983–1986

19831983 tie

6

Buffalo Bills

1982–1987

2
1984–1985

1984, 1985 tie

6

Philadelphia Eagles

1982–1987

1
1984

—

6

New York Jets

1992–1997

3
1994–1996

1995, 1996

6

Washington Redskins

1993–1998

2
1993–1994

—

6

Los Angeles / Oakland Raiders

1994–1999

0
—

—

6

Chicago Bears

1995–2000

4
1997–2000

—

6

Carolina Panthers

1997–2002

2
2001–2002

2001

6

Miami Dolphins

2002–2007

3
2004, 2006–2007

2007

5

New York Giants

1951–1955

0
—

—

5

Chicago Bears

1951–1955

0
—

—

5

Baltimore Colts

1953–1957

1
1954

—

5

Cleveland Browns

1959–1963

0
—

—

5

Buffalo Bills

1975–1979

2
1976–1977

—

5

Cincinnati Bengals

1976–1980

3
1978–1980

—

5

Washington Redskins

1977–1981

0
—

—

5

Cincinnati Bengals

1983–1987

1
1987

—

5

Dallas Cowboys

1986–1990

2
1988, 1989

1988, 1989

5

Houston / Tennessee Oilers

1994–1998

1
1994

1994

5

Kansas City Chiefs

1998–2002

1
2002

—

5

Washington Redskins

2000–2004

1
2004

—

5

Jacksonville Jaguars

2000–2004

0
—

—

5

New Orleans Saints

2001–2005

1
2005

—

5

Denver Broncos

2006–2010

1
2010

—

Seasons

Team

Drought Duration

Last Place

Seasons

League Worst win-loss record during drought

Division or Conference Last Placefinishes during drought

text: Most consecutive post-season losses in team history[edit]

text: This is a sortable table of all 32 current NFL teams. Ten teams have multiple losing streaks where they lost an equal number of post season games before breaking the drought.

text: Updated through the 2017 season.

text:
0^0

Denotes active drought

text:
Team

Streak lasted

Last win

Games Lost

Playoff Losses

Score

Opponent

Next win

Arizona Cardinals
 51 years
1947  Championship

4
1948 NFL Champ.1974 Div.1975 Div.1982 1st Round

0–714–3023–3516–41

EaglesVikingsRamsPackers

1998 Wild Card

Atlanta Falcons
  8 years

2004 Divisional

4

2004 NFC Champ. 2008 Wild Card 2010 Div. 2011 Wild Card

10–2724–3021–482–24

EaglesCardinalsPackersGiants

2012 Divisional

Baltimore Ravens
  7 years
2001 Wild Card
3

2001 Div.2003 Wild Card 2006 Div.

10–2717–206–15

SteelersTitansColts

2008 Wild Card

Buffalo Bills^
  22 years
1995 Wild Card
5

1995 Div.1996 Wild Card  1998 Wild Card 1999 Wild Card 2017 Wild Card

21–4027–3017–2416–223–10

SteelersJaguarsDolphinsTitansJaguars

TBD

Carolina Panthers
  8 years
2005 Divisional
3

2005 NFC Champ.2008 Div. 2013 Div.

14–3413–3310–23

SeahawksCardinals49ers

2014 Wild Card

Chicago Bears
 12 years
1994 Wild Card
3

1994 Div.2001 Div.2005 Div.

15–4419–3321–29

49ersEaglesPanthers

2006 Divisional

Cincinnati Bengals^
 27 years
1990 Wild Card
8

1990 Div.2005 Wild Card2009 Wild Card 2011 Wild Card2012 Wild Card2013 Wild Card2014 Wild Card2015 Wild Card

10–2017–3114–2410–3113–1910–2710–2616–18

RaidersSteelersJetsTexansTexansChargersColtsSteelers

TBD

Cleveland Browns
 17 years
1969 Divisional
6

1969 NFL Champ.1971 Div.1972 Div.1980 Div.1982 1st Round1985 Div.

7–273–2014–2012–1410–2721–24

VikingsColtsDolphinsRaidersRaidersDolphins

1986 Divisional

Dallas Cowboys
 13 years
1996Wild Card
6

1996 Div.1998 Wild Card1999 Wild Card2003 Wild Card2006 Wild Card2007 Div.

17–267–2010–2710–2920–2117–21

PanthersCardinalsVikingsPanthersSeahawksGiants

2009 Wild Card

Denver Broncos
 9 years
1977 Conference Championship
5

Super Bowl XII 1978 Div.1979 Wild Card1983 Wild Card1984 Div.

10–2710–337–137–3117–24

CowboysSteelersOilersSeahawksSteelers

1986 Divisional

Detroit Lions^
 26 years
1991Divisional
9

1991 NFC Champ.1993 Wild Card1994 Wild Card1995 Wild Card1997 Wild Card1999 Wild Card2011 Wild Card2014 Wild Card2016 Wild Card

10–4124–2812–1637–5810–2013–2728–4520–246-26

RedskinsPackersPackersEaglesBuccaneersRedskinsSaintsCowboysSeahawks

TBD

Green Bay Packers005 (2 loss) streaks
 4 years
1997 Conference Championship
2

Super Bowl XXXII1998 Wild Card

24–3127–30

Broncos49ers

2001 Wild Card

 2 years
2001Wild Card
2

2001 Div.2002 Wild Card

17–457–27

RamsFalcons

2003 Wild Card

 4 years
2003Wild Card
2

2003 Div.2004 Wild Card

17–20 (OT)17–31

EaglesVikings

2007 Divisional

 3 years
2007Divisional
2

2007 NFC Champ.2009 Wild Card

20–23 (OT)45–51 (OT)

GiantsCardinals

2010 Wild Card

 2 years
2012Wild Card
2

2012 Div.2013 Wild Card

31–4520–23

49ers49ers

2014 Divisional

Houston Texans
 4 years
2012 Wild Card
2
2012 Divisional2015 Wild Card
28–410–30
PatriotsChiefs
2016 Wild Card

Indianapolis Colts002 (5 loss) streaks
24 years
1971Divisional
5

1971 AFC Champ.1975 Div.1976 Div.1977 Div.1987 Div.

0–2110–2814–4031–37 (2 OT)21–38

DolphinsSteelersSteelersRaidersBrowns

1995 Wild Card

 8 years
1995Divisional
5

1995 AFC Champ.1996 Wild Card1999 Div.2000 Wild Card2002 Wild Card

16–2014–4216–1917–23 (OT)0–41

SteelersSteelersTitansDolphinsJets

2003 Wild Card

Jacksonville Jaguars002 (2 loss) streaks
2 years
1996 Divisional
2

1996 AFC Champ.1997 Wild Card

6–2017–42

PatriotsBroncos

1998 Wild Card

 8 years
1999Divisional
2

1999 AFC Champ.2005 Wild Card

14–333–28

TitansPatriots

2007 Wild Card

Kansas City Chiefs
 21 years
1993Divisional
8

1993 AFC Champ.1994 Wild Card1995 Div.1997 Div.2003 Div.2006 Wild Card2010 Wild Card2013 Wild Card

13–3017–277–1010–1431–388–237–3044–45

BillsDolphinsColtsBroncosColtsColtsRavensColts

2015 Wild Card

Los Angeles Chargers
 13 years
1994AFC Championship
4

Super Bowl XXIX1995 Wild Card2004 Wild Card2006 Div.

26–4920–3517–20 (OT)21–24

49ersColtsJetsPatriots

2007 Wild Card

Los Angeles Rams
 23 years
1951Championship
5

1952 Nat. Conf.1955 NFL Champ.1967 NFL W Conf.1969 NFL W Conf.1973 Div.

21–3114–387–2820–2316–27

LionsBrownsPackersVikingsCowboys

1974 Divisional

Miami Dolphins ^002 (4 loss) streaks
 9 years
1973Super Bowl
4

1974 Div.1978 Wild Card1979 Div.1981 Div.

26–289–1714–3438–41 (OT)

RaidersOilersSteelersChargers

1982 First Round

 17 years
2000Wild Card
4

2000 Div.2001 Wild Card2008 Wild Card2016 Wild Card

0–273–209–2712–30

RaidersRavensRavensSteelers

TBD

Minnesota Vikings
 9 years
1988Wild Card
6

1988 Div.1989 Div.1992 Wild Card1993 Wild Card1994 Wild Card1996 Wild Card

9–3413–417–2410–1718–3515–45

49ers49ersRedskinsGiantsBearsCowboys

1997 Wild Card

New England Patriots
 22 years
1963Divisional
4

1963 AFL Champ.1976 Div.1978 Div.1982 1st Round

10–5121–2414–3113–28

ChargersRaidersOilersDolphins

1985 Wild Card

New Orleans Saints
 32 years
1967 EnfranchisedNo Playoff Wins till 2000
4

1987 Wild Card1990 Wild Card1991 Wild Card1992 Wild Card

10–446–1620–2720–36

VikingsBearsFalconsEagles

2000 Wild Card

New York Giants
 18 years
1938Championship
6

1939 NFL Champ.1941 NFL Champ.1943 East  Div.1944 NFL Champ.1946 NFL Champ.1950 Am. Conf.

0–279–370–287–1414–243–8

PackersBearsRedskinsPackersBearsBrowns

1956 Championship

New York Jets 005 (2 loss) streaks
 14 years
1968Super Bowl III
2

1969 AFL Div.1981 Wild Card

6–1327–31

ChiefsBills

1982 First Round

 4 years
1982 2nd Round
2

1982 AFC Champ.1985 Wild Card

0–1414–26

DolphinsPatriots

1986 Wild Card

 12 years
1986 Wild Card
2

1986 Div.1991 Wild Card

20–23 (2 OT)10–17

BrownsOilers

1998 Divisional

 4 years
1998 Divisional
2

1998 AFC Champ.2001 Wild Card

10–2324–38

BroncosRaiders

2002 Wild Card

 5 years
2004 Wild Card
2

2004 Divisional2006 Wild Card

17–20 (OT)16–37

SteelersPatriots

2009 Wild Card

Oakland Raiders ^004 (2 loss) streaks
 3 years
1970Divisional
2

1970 AFC Champ.1972 Div.

17–277–13

ColtsSteelers

1973 Divisional

 7 years
1983 Super Bowl XVIII
2

1984 Wild Card1985 Div.

7–1320–27

SeahawksPatriots

1990 Divisional

 3 years
1990 Divisional
2

1990 AFC Champ.1991 Wild Card

3–516–10

BillsChiefs

1993 Wild Card

 15 years
2002 AFC Championship
2

Super Bowl XXXVIII 2016 Wild Card

24-4114-27

BucsTexans

TBD

Philadelphia Eagles
 12 years
1980ConferenceChampionship
5

Super Bowl XV1981 Wild Card1988 Div.1989 Wild Card1990 Wild Card

10–2721–2712–207–216–20

RaidersGiantsBearsRamsRedskins

1992 Wild Card

Pittsburgh Steelers002 (3 loss) streaks
 5 years
1989Wild Card
3

1989 Div.1992 Div.1993 Wild Card

23–243–2424–27

BroncosBillsChiefs

1994 Divisional

4 years
2010 AFC Championship
3
Super Bowl XLV2011 Wild Card2014 Wild Card
25–3123–2917–30
PackersBroncosRavens
2015 Wild Card

San Francisco 49ers
4 years
1984Super Bowl XIX
3

1985 Wild Card1986 Div.1987 Div.

3–173–4924–36

GiantsGiantsVikings

1988 Divisional

Seattle Seahawks
 21 years
1984Wild Card
6

1984 Div.1987 Wild Card1988 Div.1999 Wild Card2003 Wild Card2004 Wild Card

10–3120–23 (OT)13–2117–2027–33 (OT)20–27

DolphinsOilersBengalsDolphinsPackersRams

2005 Divisional

Tampa Bay Buccaneers 002 (3 loss) streaks
 18 years
1979Divisional
3

1979 NFC Champ.1981 Div.1982 1st Round

0–90–3817–30

RamsCowboysCowboys

1997 Wild Card

3 years
1999Divisional
3

1999 NFC Champ.2000 Wild Card2001 Wild Card

6–113–219–31

RamsEaglesEagles

2002 Divisional

Tennessee Titans 004 (3 loss) streaks
 17 years
1961 AFLChampionship
3

1962 AFL Champ.1967 AFL Champ.1969 AFL Div.

17–20 (2 OT)7–407–56

Dallas TexansRaidersRaiders

1978 Wild Card

 3 years
1988Wild Card
3

1988 Div.1989 Wild Card1990 Wild Card

10–1723–26 (OT)14–41

BillsSteelersBengals

1991 Wild Card

 8 years
1991Wild Card
3

1991 Divisional1992 Wild Card1993 Divisional

24–2638–41 (OT)20–28

BroncosBillsChiefs

1999 Wild Card

 13 years
2003Wild Card
3

2003 Div.2007 Wild Card2008 Div.

14–176–1710–13

PatriotsChargersRavens

2017 Wild Card

Washington Redskins ^002 (4 loss) streaks
 10 years
1972NFC Championship
4

Super Bowl VII1973 Div.1974 Div.1976 Div.

7–1420–2710–1920–35

DolphinsVikingsRamsVikings

1982 First Round

 12 years
2005Wild Card
4

2005 Div.2007 Wild Card2012 Wild Card2015 Wild Card

10–2014–3514–2418–35

SeahawksSeahawksSeahawksPackers

TBD

Team

Streak lasted

Last win

Games Lost

Playoff Games

Score

Opponent

Next win

text: Longest post-season droughts in team history[edit]

text: Note that the NFL did not institute a permanent playoff tournament until 1967 and that the NFL Championship Game and any impromptu one-game playoffs (played only in the event of a tie atop the division standings) were the only postseason matchups in this era. The Bert Bell Benefit Bowl (1960-1969) is considered an exhibition game for the purpose of this list.

text: Updated through the 2017 season.

text:
0^0

Denotes active streak

text:
No post season appearances

Team

Longest streak with no post-season appearances

Seasons

Washington Redskins
1946–1970
25

Arizona Cardinals
1949–1973
25

Pittsburgh Steelers
1948–1971
24

New Orleans Saints
1967–1986
20

Denver Broncos
1960–1976
17

Philadelphia Eagles
1961–1977
17

New York Giants
1964–1980
17

Buffalo Bills
2000–2016
17

Detroit Lions
1936–1951
16

Green Bay Packers
1945–1959
15

Cleveland Browns^
2003–2017^
15

Kansas City Chiefs
1972–1985
14

Tampa Bay Buccaneers
1983–1996
14

Cincinnati Bengals
1991–2004
14

Chicago Bears
1964–1976
13

Los Angeles Chargers
1966–1978
13

Oakland Raiders
2003–2015
13

San Francisco 49ers
1958–1969
12

New England Patriots
1964–1975
12

Atlanta Falcons
1966–1977
12

Los Angeles Rams
2005–2016
12

New York Jets
1970–1980
11

Seattle Seahawks
1989–1998
10

Indianapolis Colts
1978–1986
9

Houston Texans
2002–2010
9

Jacksonville Jaguars
2008–2016
9

Tennessee Titans
1970–19772009–2016
8

Minnesota Vikings
1961–1967
7

Miami Dolphins
2009–2015
7

Dallas Cowboys
1960–1965
6

Carolina Panthers
1997–2002
6

Baltimore Ravens
1996–1999
4

Team

Longest streak with no post-season appearances

Seasons

No post season victories

Team

Longest streak with no post-season victories

Seasons

Arizona Cardinals
1948–1997
50

Pittsburgh Steelers
1933–1971
39

Detroit Lions
1958–1990
33

New Orleans Saints
1967–1999
33

Washington Redskins
1944–1971
28

Cincinnati Bengals^
1991–2017^
27

Indianapolis Colts
1972–1994
23

Los Angeles Rams
1952–1973
22

New York Giants
1959–1980
22

Buffalo Bills^
1996–2017^
22

New England Patriots
1964–1984
21

Kansas City Chiefs
1970–1990 1994–2014
21

San Francisco 49ers
1950–1969
20

Chicago Bears
1964–1983
20

Seattle Seahawks
1985–2004
20

Cleveland Browns^
1995, 1999–2017^
20

Philadelphia Eagles
1961–1978
18

Denver Broncos
1960–1976
17

Tampa Bay Buccaneers
1980–1996
17

Miami Dolphins^
2001–2017^
17

Green Bay Packers
1945–1960
16

Tennessee Titans
1962–1977
16

Los Angeles Chargers
1964–1979
16

Oakland Raiders^
2003–2017^
15

New York Jets
1969–1981
13

Atlanta Falcons
1966–1977;1979–1990
12

Dallas Cowboys
1997–2008
12

Houston Texans
2002–2010
9

Jacksonville Jaguars
2008–2016
9

Minnesota Vikings
1961–1968;1989–1996
8

Carolina Panthers
2006–2013
8

Baltimore Ravens
2002–2007
6

Team

Longest streak with no post-season victories

Seasons


document_title: Colt Walker

question_text: what kind of gun did walker texas ranger carry

text: Colt Walker

text: History[edit]

text: The 1847 Colt Walker was the largest and most powerful black powder repeating handgun ever made. It was created in the mid-1840s in a collaboration between Texas Ranger Captain Samuel Hamilton Walker (1817–47) and American firearms inventor Samuel Colt (1814–62), building upon the earlier Colt Paterson design. Walker wanted a handgun that was extremely powerful at close range.[1]

text: Samuel Walker carried two of his namesake revolvers in the Mexican–American War.[2] He was killed in battle the same year his famous handgun was invented, 1847, shortly after he had received them. Only 1100 of these guns were originally made, 1000 as part of a military contract and an additional 100 for the civilian market, making original Colt Walker revolvers extremely rare and expensive to acquire. On October 9, 2008, one specimen that had been handed down from a Mexican War veteran was sold at auction for US$920,000.[3]

text: The Republic of Texas had been the major purchaser of the early Paterson Holster Pistol (No. 5 model), a five shot cal .36 revolver, and Samuel Walker became familiar with it during his service as a Texas Ranger. In 1847, Walker was engaged in the Mexican-American War as a captain in the United States Mounted Rifles. He approached Colt, requesting a large revolver to replace the single-shot Aston Johnson holster pistols then in use. The desired .44-.45 caliber revolver would be carried in saddle mounted holsters and would be large enough to dispatch horses as well as enemy soldiers. The Colt Walker was used in the Mexican-American War and on the Texas frontier.[1]

text: Medical officer John "Rip" Ford took a special interest in the Walkers when they arrived at Veracruz. He obtained two examples for himself and is the primary source for information about their performance during the war and afterward. His observation that the revolver would carry as far and strike with the same or greater force than the .54 caliber Mississippi Rifle seems to have been based on a single observation of a Mexican soldier hit at a distance of well over one hundred yards. The Walker, unlike most succeeding martial pistols and revolvers, was a practical weapon out to about 100 yards.[1]

text: Specifications[edit]

text: The Colt Walker holds a powder charge of 60 grains (3.9 g) in each chamber, more than twice what a typical black powder revolver holds. It weighs 4 1⁄2 pounds (2 kg) unloaded, has a 9-inch (230 mm) barrel, and fires a .44 caliber (0.454 in (11.5 mm) diameter) conical and round ball. The initial contract called for 1,000 of the revolvers and accoutrements. Colt commissioned Eli Whitney Junior to fill the contract and produced an extra 100 revolvers for private sales and promotional gifts.[4] Notable recipients include John Coffee Hays.[5]

text: Colt commissioned New York engraver Waterman Ormsby to etch a scene on the cylinder that was based on Walker's description of the 1844 battle.[6]

text: Problems[edit]

text: In addition to its large size and weight, problems with the Walker included ruptured cylinders after firing. This has been attributed to primitive metallurgy, soldiers allowing powder to spill across the mouths of the chambers, and even loading the original conical bullets backwards into the chambers. Under 300 of the original 1,000 were returned for repair due to a ruptured cylinder. Lard was loaded into the mouths of the cylinders on top of each bullet after loading to prevent the spark from igniting all chambers at once, a practice which continues to this day among black-powder revolver shooters, and although each chamber held 60 grains of powder, Colt recommended no more than 50 grains in each.[5]

text: The Walker had an inadequate loading lever catch that often allowed the loading lever to drop during recoil, preventing fast follow-up shots. Period-correct fixes for this often included placing a rawhide loop around both the barrel and loading lever, to prevent the loading lever from dropping under recoil and locking the action.[7]

text: Legacy[edit]

text: The Whitneyville-Hartford Dragoon is known as the first transitional model from the Walker to the Dragoon series, as it was largely built from leftover Walker parts. Subsequent contracts beginning in 1848 followed, for what is today known among collectors as the First, Second and Third Dragoon Models that were all based on the Colt Walker, enabling a rapid evolution of the basic revolver design. These improvements included shorter 7 1⁄2-inch (190 mm) barrels, shorter chambers, typically loaded only to 50 grains instead of 60 grains, thereby reducing the occurrence of ruptured cylinders, and the addition of an improved catch at the end of the loading lever to prevent the dropping of the loading lever under recoil.[1]

text: The Colt Walker was quite powerful, with modern replicas firing modern FFFg black powder producing energy levels in excess of 500 foot-pounds (680 J) muzzle-energy with both picket bullets and 0.454-inch-diameter (11.5 mm), 141-grain (9.1 g) round ball bullets. The black powder Colt Walker is often regarded as the most powerful commercially manufactured repeating handgun from 1847 until the introduction of the .357 Magnum in 1935, having a muzzle energy nearly exactly the same as a 4-inch-barreled (10 cm) handgun firing a .357 Magnum.[8] The Colt Walker has long maintained a unique position and mystique among handgun users, and its name is often used as a common expression of any overly large generic handgun example.

text: In the 1968 book True Grit, 14-year-old Mattie carries a Colt Dragoon. However, possibly due to the Walker's bigger size, a cartridge-converted Colt Walker was used as Mattie's weapon in the 1969 film based on the book, though Wayne's character referred to it as a Colt Dragoon nonetheless. In the 2010 remake of the film by the Coen Brothers, she carries a Dragoon, as originally described in the book

text: Modern replicas chambered in the .45 Black Powder Magnum wildcat cartridge have been offered by the Colt Blackpowder shop, Cimarron Firearms, Armi San Marco, and Uberti Firearms.[9]