document_title: List of Super Bowl champions

question_text: who has won more super bowls the nfc or the afc

text: List of Super Bowl champions

text: Super Bowl Championship (1966–present)

text: Numbers in parentheses in the table are Super Bowl appearances as of the date of that Super Bowl and are used as follows:

text:
Winning team and losing team columns indicate the number of times that team has appeared in a Super Bowl as well as each respective teams' Super Bowl record to date.
Venue column indicates number of times that stadium has hosted a Super Bowl.
City column indicates number of times that metropolitan area has hosted a Super Bowl.

text:
National Football League (NFL, 1967–1970)
American Football League (AFL, 1967–1970)

NFL champion‡
(4, 2–2)
AFL champion^
(4, 2–2)

National Football Conference (NFC, 1971–present)
American Football Conference (AFC, 1971–present)

NFC champion*
(48, 25–23)
AFC champion†
(48, 23–25)

text:
Game
Date
Winning team
Score
Losing team
Venue
City
Attendance
Ref

01 !I
000000001967-01-15-0000January 15, 1967
Green Bay Packers 01 !Green Bay Packers‡
(1, 1–0)
3510 !35–10
Kansas City Chiefs 01 !Kansas City Chiefs^
(1, 0–1)
Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum 01 !Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum
Los Angeles, California 01 !Los Angeles, California[note 1]
061946 !61,946
[11]

02 !II
000000001968-01-14-0000January 14, 1968
Green Bay Packers 02 !Green Bay Packers‡
(2, 2–0)
3314 !33–14
Oakland Raiders 01 !Oakland Raiders^
(1, 0–1)
Miami Orange Bowl 01 !Miami Orange Bowl
Miami, Florida 01 !Miami, Florida[note 2]
075546 !75,546
[12]

03 !III
000000001969-01-12-0000January 12, 1969
New York Jets 01 !New York Jets^
(1, 1–0)
1607 !16–7
Indianapolis Colts 01 !Baltimore Colts‡
(1, 0–1)
Miami Orange Bowl 02 !Miami Orange Bowl (2)
Miami, Florida 02 !Miami, Florida (2)[note 2]
075389 !75,389
[13]

04 !IV
000000001970-01-11-0000January 11, 1970
Kansas City Chiefs 02 !Kansas City Chiefs^
(2, 1–1)
2307 !23–7
Minnesota Vikings 01 !Minnesota Vikings‡
(1, 0–1)
Tulane Stadium 01 !Tulane Stadium
New Orleans, Louisiana 01 !New Orleans, Louisiana
080562 !80,562
[14]

05 !V
000000001971-01-17-0000January 17, 1971
Indianapolis Colts 02 !Baltimore Colts†
(2, 1–1)
1613 !16–13
Dallas Cowboys 01 !Dallas Cowboys*
(1, 0–1)
Miami Orange Bowl 03 !Miami Orange Bowl (3)
Miami, Florida 03 !Miami, Florida (3)[note 2]
079204 !79,204
[15]

06 !VI
000000001972-01-16-0000January 16, 1972
Dallas Cowboys 02 !Dallas Cowboys*
(2, 1–1)
2403 !24–3
Miami Dolphins 01 !Miami Dolphins†
(1, 0–1)
Tulane Stadium 02 !Tulane Stadium (2)
New Orleans, Louisiana 02 !New Orleans, Louisiana (2)
081023 !81,023
[16]

07 !VII
000000001973-01-14-0000January 14, 1973
Miami Dolphins 02 !Miami Dolphins†
(2, 1–1)
1407 !14–7
Washington Redskins 01 !Washington Redskins*
(1, 0–1)
Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum 02 !Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum (2)
Los Angeles, California 02 !Los Angeles, California (2)[note 1]
090182 !90,182
[17]

08 !VIII
000000001974-01-13-0000January 13, 1974
Miami Dolphins 03 !Miami Dolphins†
(3, 2–1)
2407 !24–7
Minnesota Vikings 02 !Minnesota Vikings*
(2, 0–2)
Rice Stadium 01 !Rice Stadium
Houston, Texas 01 !Houston, Texas
071882 !71,882
[18]

09 !IX
000000001975-01-12-0000January 12, 1975
Pittsburgh Steelers 01 !Pittsburgh Steelers†
(1, 1–0)
1606 !16–6
Minnesota Vikings 03 !Minnesota Vikings*
(3, 0–3)
Tulane Stadium 03 !Tulane Stadium (3)
New Orleans, Louisiana 03 !New Orleans, Louisiana (3)
080997 !80,997
[19]

10 !X
000000001976-01-18-0000January 18, 1976
Pittsburgh Steelers 02 !Pittsburgh Steelers†
(2, 2–0)
2117 !21–17
Dallas Cowboys 03 !Dallas Cowboys*
(3, 1–2)
Miami Orange Bowl 04 !Miami Orange Bowl (4)
Miami, Florida 04 !Miami, Florida (4)[note 2]
080187 !80,187
[20]

11 !XI
000000001977-01-09-0000January 9, 1977
Oakland Raiders 02 !Oakland Raiders†
(2, 1–1)
3214 !32–14
Minnesota Vikings 04 !Minnesota Vikings*
(4, 0–4)
Rose Bowl 01 !Rose Bowl
Los Angeles, California 03 !Pasadena, California (3)[note 1]
103438 !103,438
[21]

12 !XII
000000001978-01-15-0000January 15, 1978
Dallas Cowboys 04 !Dallas Cowboys*
(4, 2–2)
2710 !27–10
Denver Broncos 01 !Denver Broncos†
(1, 0–1)
Louisiana Superdome 01 !Louisiana Superdome
New Orleans, Louisiana 04 !New Orleans, Louisiana (4)
076400 !76,400
[22]

13 !XIII
000000001979-01-21-0000January 21, 1979
Pittsburgh Steelers 03 !Pittsburgh Steelers†
(3, 3–0)
3531 !35–31
Dallas Cowboys 05 !Dallas Cowboys*
(5, 2–3)
Miami Orange Bowl 05 !Miami Orange Bowl (5)
Miami, Florida 05 !Miami, Florida (5)[note 2]
079484 !79,484
[23]

14 !XIV
000000001980-01-20-0000January 20, 1980
Pittsburgh Steelers 04 !Pittsburgh Steelers†
(4, 4–0)
3119 !31–19
Los Angeles Rams 01 !Los Angeles Rams*
(1, 0–1)
Rose Bowl 02 !Rose Bowl (2)
Los Angeles, California 04 !Pasadena, California (4)[note 1]
103985 !103,985
[24]

15 !XV
000000001981-01-25-0000January 25, 1981
Oakland Raiders 03 !Oakland Raiders†
(3, 2–1)
2710 !27–10
Philadelphia Eagles 01 !Philadelphia Eagles*
(1, 0–1)
Louisiana Superdome 02 !Louisiana Superdome (2)
New Orleans, Louisiana 05 !New Orleans, Louisiana (5)
076135 !76,135
[25]

16 !XVI
000000001982-01-24-0000January 24, 1982
San Francisco 49ers 01 !San Francisco 49ers*
(1, 1–0)
2621 !26–21
Cincinnati Bengals 01 !Cincinnati Bengals†
(1, 0–1)
Pontiac Silverdome 01 !Pontiac Silverdome
Detroit, Michigan 01 !Pontiac, Michigan[note 1]
081270 !81,270
[26]

17 !XVII
000000001983-01-30-0000January 30, 1983
Washington Redskins 02 !Washington Redskins*
(2, 1–1)
2717 !27–17
Miami Dolphins 04 !Miami Dolphins†
(4, 2–2)
Rose Bowl 03 !Rose Bowl (3)
Los Angeles, California 05 !Pasadena, California (5)[note 1]
103667 !103,667
[27]

18 !XVIII
000000001984-01-22-0000January 22, 1984
Oakland Raiders 04 !Los Angeles Raiders†
(4, 3–1)
3809 !38–9
Washington Redskins 03 !Washington Redskins*
(3, 1–2)
Tampa Stadium 01 !Tampa Stadium
Tampa, Florida 01 !Tampa, Florida
072920 !72,920
[28]

19 !XIX
000000001985-01-20-0000January 20, 1985
San Francisco 49ers 02 !San Francisco 49ers*
(2, 2–0)
3816 !38–16
Miami Dolphins 05 !Miami Dolphins†
(5, 2–3)
Stanford Stadium 01 !Stanford Stadium
San Francisco, California 01 !Stanford, California[note 1]
084059 !84,059
[29]

20 !XX
000000001986-01-26-0000January 26, 1986
Chicago Bears 01 !Chicago Bears*
(1, 1–0)
4610 !46–10
New England Patriots 01 !New England Patriots†
(1, 0–1)
Louisiana Superdome 03 !Louisiana Superdome (3)
New Orleans, Louisiana 06 !New Orleans, Louisiana (6)
073818 !73,818
[30]

21 !XXI
000000001987-01-25-0000January 25, 1987
New York Giants 01 !New York Giants*
(1, 1–0)
3920 !39–20
Denver Broncos 02 !Denver Broncos†
(2, 0–2)
Rose Bowl 04 !Rose Bowl (4)
Los Angeles, California 06 !Pasadena, California (6)[note 1]
101063 !101,063
[31]

22 !XXII
000000001988-01-31-0000January 31, 1988
Washington Redskins 04 !Washington Redskins*
(4, 2–2)
4210 !42–10
Denver Broncos 03 !Denver Broncos†
(3, 0–3)
Qualcomm Stadium 01 !San Diego–Jack Murphy Stadium[note 3]
San Diego, California 01 !San Diego, California
073302 !73,302
[32]

23 !XXIII
000000001989-01-22-0000January 22, 1989
San Francisco 49ers 03 !San Francisco 49ers*
(3, 3–0)
2016 !20–16
Cincinnati Bengals 02 !Cincinnati Bengals†
(2, 0–2)
Hard Rock Stadium 01 !Joe Robbie Stadium[note 3]
Miami, Florida 06 !Miami Gardens, Florida (6)[note 2]
075129 !75,129
[33]

24 !XXIV
000000001990-01-28-0000January 28, 1990
San Francisco 49ers 04 !San Francisco 49ers*
(4, 4–0)
5510 !55–10
Denver Broncos 04 !Denver Broncos†
(4, 0–4)
Louisiana Superdome 04 !Louisiana Superdome (4)
New Orleans, Louisiana 07 !New Orleans, Louisiana (7)
072919 !72,919
[34]

25 !XXV
000000001991-01-27-0000January 27, 1991
New York Giants 02 !New York Giants*
(2, 2–0)
2019 !20–19
Buffalo Bills 01 !Buffalo Bills†
(1, 0–1)
Tampa Stadium 02 !Tampa Stadium (2)
Tampa, Florida 02 !Tampa, Florida (2)
073813 !73,813
[35]

26 !XXVI
000000001992-01-26-0000January 26, 1992
Washington Redskins 05 !Washington Redskins*
(5, 3–2)
3724 !37–24
Buffalo Bills 02 !Buffalo Bills†
(2, 0–2)
Metrodome 01 !Metrodome
Minneapolis, Minnesota 01 !Minneapolis, Minnesota
063130 !63,130
[36]

27 !XXVII
000000001993-01-31-0000January 31, 1993
Dallas Cowboys 06 !Dallas Cowboys*
(6, 3–3)
5217 !52–17
Buffalo Bills 03 !Buffalo Bills†
(3, 0–3)
Rose Bowl 05 !Rose Bowl (5)
Los Angeles, California 07 !Pasadena, California (7)[note 1]
098374 !98,374
[37]

28 !XXVIII
000000001994-01-30-0000January 30, 1994
Dallas Cowboys 07 !Dallas Cowboys*
(7, 4–3)
3013 !30–13
Buffalo Bills 04 !Buffalo Bills†
(4, 0–4)
Georgia Dome 01 !Georgia Dome
Atlanta, Georgia 01 !Atlanta, Georgia
072817 !72,817
[38]

29 !XXIX
000000001995-01-29-0000January 29, 1995
San Francisco 49ers 05 !San Francisco 49ers*
(5, 5–0)
4926 !49–26
San Diego Chargers 01 !San Diego Chargers†
(1, 0–1)
Hard Rock Stadium 02 !Joe Robbie Stadium (2)[note 3]
Miami, Florida 07 !Miami Gardens, Florida (7)[note 2]
074107 !74,107
[39]

30 !XXX
000000001996-01-28-0000January 28, 1996
Dallas Cowboys 08 !Dallas Cowboys*
(8, 5–3)
2717 !27–17
Pittsburgh Steelers 05 !Pittsburgh Steelers†
(5, 4–1)
Sun Devil Stadium 01 !Sun Devil Stadium
Phoenix, Arizona 01 !Tempe, Arizona[note 1]
076347 !76,347
[40]

31 !XXXI
000000001997-01-26-0000January 26, 1997
Green Bay Packers 03 !Green Bay Packers*
(3, 3–0)
3521 !35–21
New England Patriots 02 !New England Patriots†
(2, 0–2)
Louisiana Superdome 05 !Louisiana Superdome (5)
New Orleans, Louisiana 08 !New Orleans, Louisiana (8)
072301 !72,301
[41]

32 !XXXII
000000001998-01-25-0000January 25, 1998
Denver Broncos 05 !Denver Broncos†
(5, 1–4)
3124 !31–24
Green Bay Packers 04 !Green Bay Packers*
(4, 3–1)
Qualcomm Stadium 02 !Qualcomm Stadium (2)[note 3]
San Diego, California 02 !San Diego, California (2)
068912 !68,912
[42]

33 !XXXIII
000000001999-01-31-0000January 31, 1999
Denver Broncos 06 !Denver Broncos†
(6, 2–4)
3419 !34–19
Atlanta Falcons 01 !Atlanta Falcons*
(1, 0–1)
Hard Rock Stadium 03 !Pro Player Stadium (3)[note 3]
Miami, Florida 08 !Miami Gardens, Florida (8)[note 2]
074803 !74,803
[43]

34 !XXXIV
000000002000-01-30-0000January 30, 2000
Los Angeles Rams 02 !St. Louis Rams*
(2, 1–1)
2316 !23–16
Tennessee Titans 01 !Tennessee Titans†
(1, 0–1)
Georgia Dome 02 !Georgia Dome (2)
Atlanta, Georgia 02 !Atlanta, Georgia (2)
072625 !72,625
[44]

35 !XXXV
000000002001-01-28-0000January 28, 2001
Baltimore Ravens 01 !Baltimore Ravens†
(1, 1–0)
3407 !34–7
New York Giants 03 !New York Giants*
(3, 2–1)
Raymond James Stadium 01 !Raymond James Stadium
Tampa, Florida 03 !Tampa, Florida (3)
071921 !71,921
[45]

36 !XXXVI
000000002002-02-03-0000February 3, 2002
New England Patriots 03 !New England Patriots†
(3, 1–2)
2017 !20–17
Los Angeles Rams 03 !St. Louis Rams*
(3, 1–2)
Louisiana Superdome 06 !Louisiana Superdome (6)
New Orleans, Louisiana 09 !New Orleans, Louisiana (9)
072922 !72,922
[46]

37 !XXXVII
000000002003-01-26-0000January 26, 2003
Tampa Bay Buccaneers 01 !Tampa Bay Buccaneers*
(1, 1–0)
4821 !48–21
Oakland Raiders 05 !Oakland Raiders†
(5, 3–2)
Qualcomm Stadium 03 !Qualcomm Stadium (3)[note 3]
San Diego, California 03 !San Diego, California (3)
067603 !67,603
[47]

38 !XXXVIII
000000002004-02-01-0000February 1, 2004
New England Patriots 04 !New England Patriots†
(4, 2–2)
3229 !32–29
Carolina Panthers 01 !Carolina Panthers*
(1, 0–1)
NRG Stadium 01 !Reliant Stadium[note 3]
Houston, Texas 02 !Houston, Texas (2)
071525 !71,525
[48]

39 !XXXIX
000000002005-02-06-0000February 6, 2005
New England Patriots 05 !New England Patriots†
(5, 3–2)
2421 !24–21
Philadelphia Eagles 02 !Philadelphia Eagles*
(2, 0–2)
ALLTEL Stadium 01 !Alltel Stadium
Jacksonville, Florida 01 !Jacksonville, Florida
078125 !78,125
[49]

40 !XL
000000002006-02-05-0000February 5, 2006
Pittsburgh Steelers 06 !Pittsburgh Steelers†
(6, 5–1)
2110 !21–10
Seattle Seahawks 01 !Seattle Seahawks*
(1, 0–1)
Ford Field 01 !Ford Field
Detroit, Michigan 02 !Detroit, Michigan (2)[note 1]
068206 !68,206
[50]

41 !XLI
000000002007-02-04-0000February 4, 2007
Indianapolis Colts 03 !Indianapolis Colts†
(3, 2–1)
2917 !29–17
Chicago Bears 02 !Chicago Bears*
(2, 1–1)
Hard Rock Stadium 04 !Dolphin Stadium (4)[note 3]
Miami, Florida 09 !Miami Gardens, Florida (9)[note 2]
074512 !74,512
[51]

42 !XLII
000000002008-02-03-0000February 3, 2008
New York Giants 04 !New York Giants*
(4, 3–1)
1714 !17–14
New England Patriots 06 !New England Patriots†
(6, 3–3)
University of Phoenix Stadium 01 !University of Phoenix Stadium
Phoenix, Arizona 02 !Glendale, Arizona (2)[note 1]
071101 !71,101
[52]

43 !XLIII
000000002009-02-01-0000February 1, 2009
Pittsburgh Steelers 07 !Pittsburgh Steelers†
(7, 6–1)
2723 !27–23
Arizona Cardinals 01 !Arizona Cardinals*
(1, 0–1)
Raymond James Stadium 02 !Raymond James Stadium (2)
Tampa, Florida 04 !Tampa, Florida (4)
070774 !70,774
[53]

44 !XLIV
000000002010-02-07-0000February 7, 2010
New Orleans Saints 01 !New Orleans Saints*
(1, 1–0)
3117 !31–17
Indianapolis Colts 04 !Indianapolis Colts†
(4, 2–2)
Hard Rock Stadium 05 !Sun Life Stadium (5)[note 3]
Miami, Florida 10 !Miami Gardens, Florida (10)[note 2]
074059 !74,059
[54]

45 !XLV
000000002011-02-06-0000February 6, 2011
Green Bay Packers 05 !Green Bay Packers*
(5, 4–1)
3125 !31–25
Pittsburgh Steelers 08 !Pittsburgh Steelers†
(8, 6–2)
Cowboys Stadium 01 !Cowboys Stadium
Arlington, Texas 01 !Arlington, Texas
103219 !103,219
[55]

46 !XLVI
000000002012-02-05-0000February 5, 2012
New York Giants 05 !New York Giants*
(5, 4–1)
2117 !21–17
New England Patriots 07 !New England Patriots†
(7, 3–4)
Lucas Oil Stadium 01 !Lucas Oil Stadium
Indianapolis, Indiana 01 !Indianapolis, Indiana
068658 !68,658
[56][57]

47 !XLVII
000000002013-02-03-0000February 3, 2013
Baltimore Ravens 02 !Baltimore Ravens†
(2, 2–0)
3431 !34–31
San Francisco 49ers 06 !San Francisco 49ers*
(6, 5–1)
Louisiana Superdome 07 !Mercedes-Benz Superdome (7)
New Orleans, Louisiana 10 !New Orleans, Louisiana (10)
071024 !71,024
[56][58]

48 !XLVIII
000000002014-02-02-0000February 2, 2014
Seattle Seahawks 02 !Seattle Seahawks*
(2, 1–1)
4308 !43–8
Denver Broncos 07 !Denver Broncos†
(7, 2–5)
MetLife Stadium 01 !MetLife Stadium
East Rutherford, New Jersey 01 !East Rutherford, New Jersey
082529 !82,529
[59]

49 !XLIX
000000002015-02-01-0000February 1, 2015
New England Patriots 08 !New England Patriots†
(8, 4–4)
2824 !28–24
Seattle Seahawks 03 !Seattle Seahawks*
(3, 1–2)
University of Phoenix Stadium 02 !University of Phoenix Stadium (2)
Phoenix, Arizona 03 !Glendale, Arizona (3)[note 1]
070288 !70,288
[60][61]

50 !50 [note 4]
000000002016-02-07-0000February 7, 2016
Denver Broncos 08 !Denver Broncos†
(8, 3–5)
2410 !24–10
Carolina Panthers 02 !Carolina Panthers*
(2, 0–2)
Levi's Stadium 01 !Levi's Stadium
San Francisco, California 02 !Santa Clara, California (2)[note 1]
071088 !71,088
[61][62][63]

51 !LI
000000002017-02-05-0000February 5, 2017
New England Patriots 09 !New England Patriots†
(9, 5–4)
3428 !34–28 (OT)
Atlanta Falcons 02 !Atlanta Falcons*
(2, 0–2)
NRG Stadium 02 !NRG Stadium (2)[note 3]
Houston, Texas 03 !Houston, Texas (3)
070807 !70,807
[61][62][63]

52 !LII
000000002018-02-04-0000February 4, 2018
Philadelphia Eagles 03 !Philadelphia Eagles*
(3, 1–2)
4133 !41–33
New England Patriots 10 !New England Patriots†
(10, 5–5)
U.S. Bank Stadium 01 !U.S. Bank Stadium
Minneapolis, Minnesota 02 !Minneapolis, Minnesota (2)
067612 !67,612
[64][65]

53 !LIII
000000002019-02-03-0000February 3, 2019 [note 5]
X 2019 !2018–19 AFC champion† at 2018–19 NFC champion*
0019 !—
X 2019 !To be determined (TBD)
Mercedes-Benz Stadium 01 !Mercedes-Benz Stadium
Atlanta, Georgia 03 !Atlanta, Georgia (3)
TBD
[66][67]

54 !LIV
000000002020-02-02-0000February 2, 2020 [note 5]
X 2020 !2019–20 NFC champion* at 2019–20 AFC champion†
0020 !—
X 2020 !To be determined
Hard Rock Stadium 06 !Hard Rock Stadium (6)[note 3]
Miami, Florida 11 !Miami Gardens, Florida (11)[note 2]
TBD
[66][67]

55 !LV
000000002021-02-07-0000February 7, 2021 [note 5]
X 2020 !2020–21 AFC champion† at 2020–21 NFC champion*
0021 !—
X 2021 !To be determined
Raymond James Stadium 03 !Raymond James Stadium (3)
Tampa, Florida 05 !Tampa, Florida (5)
TBD
[66][67]

56 !LVI
000000002022-02-06-0000February 6, 2022 [note 5]
X 2021 !2021–22 NFC champion† at 2021–22 AFC champion*
0022 !—
X 2022 !To be determined
City of Champions Stadium 01 !Los Angeles Stadium at Hollywood Park
Los Angeles, California 08 !Inglewood, California (8)[note 1]
TBD
[66][67]

Game
Date
Winning team
Score
Losing team
Venue
City
Attendance
Ref

text: Consecutive winners

text: Seven franchises have won consecutive Super Bowls, one of which (Pittsburgh) has accomplished it twice:

text:
Green Bay Packers (Super Bowls I and II)
Miami Dolphins (VII and VIII)
Pittsburgh Steelers (twice: IX and X as well as XIII and XIV)
San Francisco 49ers (XXIII and XXIV)
Dallas Cowboys (XXVII and XXVIII)
Denver Broncos (XXXII and XXXIII)
New England Patriots (XXXVIII and XXXIX)

text: No franchise has yet won three Super Bowls in a row, although several have come close:

text:
The Green Bay Packers won the first two Super Bowls, and also won the NFL championship the preceding year.
The Miami Dolphins appeared in three consecutive Super Bowls (VI, VII, and VIII), winning the last two.
The Pittsburgh Steelers won two consecutive Super Bowls (IX and X); the following season they were eliminated in the AFC championship game by the eventual Super Bowl champion Oakland Raiders. They also won two more consecutive Super Bowls (XIII and XIV) for four wins in six seasons.
The San Francisco 49ers won two consecutive Super Bowls (XXIII and XXIV); the following season they were eliminated in the NFC championship by the eventual Super Bowl champion New York Giants.
The Dallas Cowboys won two consecutive Super Bowls (XXVII and XXVIII); the following season they were eliminated in the NFC championship game by the eventual champion San Francisco 49ers. The Cowboys won Super Bowl XXX the following year for three wins in four seasons.
The New England Patriots won Super Bowl XXXVI, which was two years before their consecutive wins in XXXVIII and XXXIX, for three wins in four seasons. They did not make the playoffs in the intervening season (XXXVII). The Patriots also won Super Bowls XLIX and LI and in the intervening season (50) were eliminated in the AFC championship game by the eventual champion Denver Broncos.

text: Consecutive losers

text: Three franchises have lost consecutive Super Bowls:

text:
Buffalo Bills (4) (Super Bowls XXV, XXVI, XXVII, and XXVIII) – The only team to appear in four straight Super Bowls, let alone lose in all four appearances.
Minnesota Vikings (2) (Super Bowls VIII and IX) – They also lost Super Bowl XI, and were knocked out of the playoffs for Super Bowl X by the eventual losers the Dallas Cowboys for three losses in four seasons.
Denver Broncos (2) (Super Bowls XXI and XXII) – They also lost Super Bowl XXIV, but did not even make the playoffs for Super Bowl XXIII for three losses in four seasons.

text: Super Bowl appearances by team

text:
NFL‡/NFC* teams (27 wins)
AFL^/AFC† teams (25 wins)

NFL‡/AFC† team (0-1 as part of the NFL, 2-1 as part of the AFC)[note 6]

text: In the sortable table below, teams are ordered first by number of appearances, then by number of wins, and finally by number of years since last appearing in a Super Bowl. In the "Seasons" column, bold years indicate winning seasons, and italic years indicate games not yet completed.

text:
Appearances
Team
Wins
Losses
Winning
percentage
Seasons

10A-05W-01YA-02YW !10
New England Patriots†
05W-10A-02YW-01YA !5
05L-10A-01YL-01YA !5
.500
1985 !1985,† 1996,† 2001,† 2003,† 2004,† 2007,† 2011,† 2014,† 2016,† 2017†

08A-06W-08YA-10YW !8
Pittsburgh Steelers†[note 6]
06W-08A-10YW-08YA !6
02L-08A-08YL-08YA !2
.750
1974 !1974,† 1975,† 1978,† 1979,† 1995,† 2005,† 2008,† 2010†

08A-05W-23YA-23YW !8
Dallas Cowboys*
05W-08A-23YW-23YA !5
03L-08A-40YL-23YA !3
.625
1970 !1970,* 1971,* 1975,* 1977,* 1978,* 1992,* 1993,* 1995*

08A-03W-03YA-03YW !8
Denver Broncos†
03W-08A-03YW-03YA !3
05L-08A-05YL-03YA !5
.375
1977 !1977,† 1986,† 1987,† 1989,† 1997,† 1998,† 2013,† 2015†

06A-05W-06YA-24YW !6
San Francisco 49ers*
05W-06A-24YW-06YA !5
01L-06A-06YL-06YA !1
.833
1981 !1981,* 1984,* 1988,* 1989,* 1994*, 2012*

05A-04W-08YA-08YW !5
Green Bay Packers‡*
04W-05A-08YW-08YA !4
01L-05A-21YL-08YA !1
.800
1966 !1966,‡ 1967,‡ 1996,* 1997,* 2010*

05A-04W-07YA-07YW !5
New York Giants*
04W-05A-07YW-07YA !4
01L-05A-18YL-07YA !1
.800
1986 !1986,* 1990,* 2000,* 2007,* 2011*

05A-03W-27YA-27YW !5
Washington Redskins*
03W-05A-27YW-27YA !3
02L-05A-35YL-27YA !2
.600
1972 !1972,* 1982,* 1983,* 1987,* 1991*

05A-03W-16YA-35YW !5
Los Angeles/Oakland Raiders^†
03W-05A-35YW-16YA !3
02L-05A-16YL-16YA !2
.600
1967,^ 1976,† 1980,† 1983,† 2002†

05A-02W-34YA-45YW !5
Miami Dolphins†
02W-05A-45YW-34YA !2
03L-05A-34YL-34YA !3
.400
1971 !1971,† 1972,† 1973,† 1982,† 1984†

04A-02W-09YA-12YW !4
Baltimore/Indianapolis Colts‡†[note 6]
02W-04A-12YW-09YA !2
02L-04A-09YL-09YA !2
.500
1968 !1968,‡ 1970,† 2006,† 2009†

04A-00W-42YA-53YW !4
Minnesota Vikings‡*
00W-04A-53YW-25YA !0
04L-04A-42YL-42YA !4
.000
1969 !1969,‡ 1973,* 1974,* 1976*

04A-00W-25YA-53YW !4
Buffalo Bills†
00W-04A-53YW-25YA !0
04L-04A-25YL-25YA !4
.000
1990 !1990,† 1991,† 1992,† 1993†

03A-01W-17YA-19YW !3
St. Louis/Los Angeles Rams*
01W-03A-19YW-17YA !1
02L-03A-17YL-17YA !2
.333
1979 !1979,* 1999,* 2001*

03A-01W-03YA-04YW !3
Seattle Seahawks*
01W-03A-04YW-03YA !1
02L-03A-03YL-03YA !2
.333
2005 !2005,* 2013,* 2014*

03A-01W-01YA-01YW !3
Philadelphia Eagles*
01W-03A-01YW-01YA !1
02L-03A-14YL-01YA !2
.333
1980 !1980,* 2004,* 2017*

02A-02W-06YA-06YW !2
Baltimore Ravens†[note 7]
02W-02A-06YW-06YA !2
00L-02A-22YL-06YA !0
1.000
2000 !2000,† 2012†

02A-01W-49YA-49YW !2
Kansas City Chiefs^†
01W-02A-49YW-49YA !1
01L-02A-52YL-49YA !1
.500
1966 !1966,^ 1969^

02A-01W-12YA-33YW !2
Chicago Bears*
01W-02A-33YW-12YA !1
01L-02A-12YL-12YA !1
.500
1985 !1985,* 2006*

02A-00W-30YA-53YW !2
Cincinnati Bengals†
00W-02A-53YW-30YA !0
02L-02A-30YL-30YA !2
.000
1981 !1981,† 1988†

02A-00W-03YA-23YW !2
Carolina Panthers*
00W-02A-23YW-03YA !0
02L-02A-03YL-03YA !2
.000
2003 !2003,* 2015*

02A-00W-02YA-53YW !2
Atlanta Falcons*
00W-02A-53YW-02YA !0
02L-02A-02YL-02YA !2
.000
1998 !1998,* 2016*

01A-01W-50YA-50YW !1
New York Jets^†
01W-01A-50YW-50YA !1
00L-01A-53YL-50YA !0
1.000
1968 !1968^

01A-01W-18YA-18YW !1
Tampa Bay Buccaneers*
01W-01A-18YW-18YA !1
00L-01A-44YL-18YA !0
1.000
2002 !2002*

01A-01W-09YA-09YW !1
New Orleans Saints*
01W-01A-09YW-09YA !1
00L-01A-52YL-09YA !0
1.000
2009 !2009*

01A-00W-24YA-53YW !1
San Diego/Los Angeles Chargers†
00W-01A-53YW-24YA !0
01L-01A-24YL-24YA !1
.000
1994 !1994†

01A-00W-19YA-53YW !1
Houston/Tennessee Oilers/Tennessee Titans†
00W-01A-53YW-19YA !0
01L-01A-19YL-19YA !1
.000
1999 !1999†

01A-00W-10YA-53YW !1
St. Louis/Arizona Cardinals*
00W-01A-53YW-10YA !0
01L-01A-10YL-10YA !1
.000
2008 !2008*

00A-00W-53YA-53YW-11CG !0
Cleveland Browns†[note 6][note 7]
00W-00A-53YW-53YA-11CG !0
00L-00A-53YL-53YA-11CG !0
–
none

00A-00W-53YA-53YW-05CG !0
Detroit Lions*
00W-00A-53YW-53YA-05CG !0
00L-00A-53YL-53YA-05CG !0
–
none

00A-00W-23YA-23YW-00CG !0
Jacksonville Jaguars†
00W-00A-23YW-23YA-00CG !0
00L-00A-23YL-23YA-00CG !0
–
none

00A-00W-16YA-16YW-00CG !0
Houston Texans†
00W-00A-16YW-16YA-00CG !0
00L-00A-16YL-16YA-00CG !0
–
none

Appearances
Team
Wins
Losses
Winning
percentage
Seasons

text: Teams with no Super Bowl appearances

text: Four current teams have never reached the Super Bowl. Two of them held NFL league championships prior to Super Bowl I in the 1966 NFL season:

text:
Cleveland Browns, NFL champions four times in 1950, 1954, 1955, and 1964; appeared in seven other NFL championship games in 1951, 1952, 1953, 1957, 1965, 1968, and 1969; and appeared in three AFC Championship Games in 1986, 1987, and 1989.[68] The Browns are officially viewed as one continuous franchise that began in 1946 as a member of the All-America Football Conference, joined the NFL in 1950, suspended operations from 1996 to 1998, and resumed play in 1999.[69] The Baltimore Ravens were created as an expansion team with former Browns players in 1996, and have since won two Super Bowls.[70]
Detroit Lions, NFL champions four times in 1935, 1952, 1953, and 1957; appeared in one other NFL Championship Game in 1954; and appeared in one NFC Championship Game in 1991[71]
Jacksonville Jaguars, 1995 expansion team; appeared in three AFC Championship Games in 1996, 1999, and 2017.[72]
Houston Texans, 2002 expansion team; Divisional Round appearances in 2011, 2012, and 2016 seasons.

text: In addition, Detroit, Houston, and Jacksonville have hosted Super Bowls, making Cleveland the only current NFL city that has neither hosted nor had its team play in a Super Bowl.

text: Teams with long Super Bowl droughts

text: Although Jacksonville and Houston have never appeared in a Super Bowl, there are teams whose most recent Super Bowl appearance is older than when Jacksonville and Houston joined the NFL (1995 and 2002, respectively), resulting in longer Super Bowl droughts than these teams for the following eight teams.

text: Two of these teams have not appeared in the Super Bowl since before the AFL–NFL merger in 1970:[73]

text:
New York Jets (most recently appeared in Super Bowl III, 1968 season)
Kansas City Chiefs (Super Bowl IV in 1969 season)

text: However, the Jets and the Chiefs are the only non-NFL teams to win the Super Bowl, both being members of the now-defunct AFL at the time.

text: The most recent Super Bowl appearance for the following teams was after the AFL–NFL merger, but prior to the 1995 regular season:

text:
Minnesota Vikings (Super Bowl XI, 1976 season)
Miami Dolphins (Super Bowl XIX, 1984 season)
Cincinnati Bengals (Super Bowl XXIII, 1988 season)
Washington Redskins (Super Bowl XXVI, 1991 season)
Buffalo Bills (Super Bowl XXVIII, 1993 season)
Los Angeles Chargers (played as San Diego Chargers in Super Bowl XXIX, 1994 season)

text: Teams with Super Bowl appearances but no victories

text: Eight teams have appeared in the Super Bowl without ever winning. In descending order of number of appearances, they are:

text:
Minnesota Vikings (4), appeared in Super Bowls IV, VIII, IX, and XI. They won the NFL Championship Game in 1969, the last year before the AFL–NFL merger, but failed to win the subsequent Super Bowl. An NFL expansion team in 1961, they have no pre-Super Bowl league championships.
Buffalo Bills (4), appeared in Super Bowls XXV, XXVI, XXVII, and XXVIII. Their second and last AFL championship was in 1965, the season before the first Super Bowl.
Cincinnati Bengals (2), appeared in Super Bowls XVI and XXIII. An AFL expansion team in 1968, they have no pre-Super Bowl league championships.
Atlanta Falcons (2), appeared in Super Bowls XXXIII and LI. An expansion team in 1966, they have no pre-Super Bowl league championships.
Carolina Panthers (2), appeared in Super Bowls XXXVIII and 50. A post-merger expansion team, their first season was in 1995.
Arizona Cardinals (1), appeared in Super Bowl XLIII. Their last championship was in 1947 as the Chicago Cardinals.
Los Angeles Chargers (1), appeared in Super Bowl XXIX as the San Diego Chargers. Their only AFL championship was in 1963.
Tennessee Titans (1), appeared in Super Bowl XXXIV. They won the first two AFL Championships in 1960 and 1961 as the Houston Oilers.

text: Super Bowl rematches

text: The following teams have faced each other more than once in the Super Bowl:

text:
Dallas Cowboys and Pittsburgh Steelers (3) – Super Bowls X and XIII were won by Pittsburgh, and Super Bowl XXX was won by Dallas. See also Cowboys–Steelers rivalry.
Miami Dolphins and Washington Redskins (2) – Super Bowl VII was won by Miami, and Super Bowl XVII was won by Washington.
Cincinnati Bengals and San Francisco 49ers (2) – Super Bowls XVI and XXIII were both won by San Francisco.
Buffalo Bills and Dallas Cowboys (2) – Super Bowls XXVII and XXVIII, the only rematch in consecutive seasons, were both won by Dallas.
New England Patriots and New York Giants (2) – Super Bowls XLII and XLVI were both won by New York.
New England Patriots and Philadelphia Eagles (2) – Super Bowl XXXIX was won by New England, Super Bowl LII was won by Philadelphia.


document_title: Snap election

question_text: when does the british prime minister call for an election

root

text: Snap election

text: Australia[edit]

text: There are three procedures in which elections can be held early in Australia:

tag: p

text:
The maximum term of the Australian House of Representatives is 3 years. However, the chamber can wait several months after the election to make its first sitting, while a campaign period of at least 33 days is needed between the dates that the election is called and held. It is the norm for the chamber to be dissolved early by the Governor-General before its term expires, which is done on the advice of the Prime Minister.
Half of the Australian Senate (excluding the seats representing territories) changes over every three years in July. An election for the half about to change over must take place up to a year before this is due, on a date determined by the government. By convention, the elections of both chambers have usually been held on the same day. If the previous Senate election was held close to the changeover, the next Senate election can be held significantly earlier.
A Double dissolution may be called to resolve conflict between the two chambers, in which case the entire membership of both chambers comes up for election. This requires at least one bill that originated in the House of Representatives (often called a "trigger") to be rejected twice by the Senate under certain conditions. In this case, the next Senate changeover is due in the second month of July after the election, while the House of Representatives begins a new 3-year term.

tag: ul

text: Examples of early elections in Australia:

text:
1963 election: Liberal Prime Minister Robert Menzies called an early election for the House of Representatives because the government were struggling to govern with their narrow 2-seat majority in the chamber. The government succeeded in gaining 10 seats. The election left the House and Senate elections out of synchronization until 1974.
1974 election: The double dissolution election focused on Labor Prime Minister Gough Whitlam's first one-and-a-half years in office and whether the Australian public was willing to continue with his reform agenda, and also to break a deadlock in the Senate after Opposition Leader Billy Snedden announced that the opposition would block the Government's supply bills in the Senate following the Gair Affair. The Whitlam government was subsequently returned with a reduced majority in the House of Representatives but increased presence (but no majority) in the Senate, allowing the government to pass six reform bills in a joint sitting of the two houses of the Australian parliament.
1975 election: The election followed the controversial dismissal of the Whitlam government by Governor-General Sir John Kerr in the 1975 constitutional crisis and the installation of Opposition Leader Malcolm Fraser as Prime Minister. Labor believed it had a chance of winning the elections, and that the dismissal would be an electoral asset for them but the Coalition attacked Labor for the economic conditions they presided over, resulting in the Coalition winning a record victory, with 91 seats in the House of Representatives to the ALP's 36 and a 35–27 majority in the expanded Senate.
1983 election: While an election was not due for seven more months, Malcolm Fraser had been emboldened by the unexpected victory in a 1982 by election which his Liberal Party was expected to lose. Fraser also sought to exploit divisions in the opposition Labor Party, and was surprised to learn that the popular Bob Hawke had won the Labor Party leadership on the day he sought a dissolution. Ultimately, Labor won power and defeated the Fraser government on a 24-seat swing—the largest defeat of a sitting government since 1949, and the worst defeat a sitting non-Labor government has ever suffered.
1984 election: This election was held 18 months ahead of time in order to bring the elections for the House of Representatives and Senate back into line. They had been thrown out of balance by the double dissolution of 1983. It was widely expected that the incumbent Hawke Labor government would be easily re-elected, but an exceptionally long 10-week campaign, confusion over the ballot papers and a strong campaign performance by Liberal leader, Andrew Peacock, saw the government’s majority reduced (although this was disguised by the increase in the size of the House from 125 to 148).
1998 election: The election on 3 October 1998 was held six months earlier than required by the Constitution. Prime Minister John Howard made the announcement following the launch of the coalition's Goods and Services Tax (GST) policy launch and a five-week advertising campaign. The ensuing election was almost entirely dominated by the proposed 10% GST and proposed income tax cuts.
2010 election: A federal election was held on Saturday, 21 August 2010, which was called relatively early in order to give Prime Minister Gillard - who had won the Prime Ministership outside of an election from Kevin Rudd - a greater mandate. The election ended in a hung parliament, and a resultant retaining of Labor's majority in the House of Representatives after negotiations with independents.

text: Bangladesh[edit]

text: After Khaleda Zia's Bangladesh Nationalist Party five-year term ended in January 1996, the country went to the polls on 15 February 1996, where elections were boycotted by all major opposition parties including BNP'S arch-rival Sheikh Hasina's Awami League. The opposition had demanded a neutral caretaker government to oversee the polls, but it was rejected by the incumbent government and the election went on as scheduled. The BNP won by default, grabbing all the 300 seats in the house of parliament and assumed power. The Awami League and its allies did not accept the results and called a month-long general strike and blockades to overthrow the BNP government. The general strike was marred by bloody violence including a grenade attack on Awami League's headquarters which killed scores of people. On the other hand, the Supreme Court annulled the election results which forced the BNP government to amend the constitution in a special parliamentary session by introducing the Caretaker government system as a part of the electoral reform. Eventually the BNP government was toppled and ousted when they resigned on 31 March 1996, and handed over power to the caretaker government. The caretaker government stayed in power for 90 days before new elections could be held. Finally a snap election was held on 12 June 1996, where Awami-League won a simple majority by beating its bitter rival BNP and stayed in power for the next five years.

text: Belize[edit]

text: According to Section 84 of the Constitution of Belize, the National Assembly must be dissolved "five years from the date when the two Houses of the former National Assembly first met" unless dissolved sooner by the Governor-General of Belize upon the advice of the prime minister.[4]

text: Since Belize gained independence from Great Britain in September 1981 snap elections have been called twice, in 1993 and 2012. In March 2015 Belizean Prime Minister Dean Barrow ruled out the possibility of a snap election later in the year. Belize is currently not required to hold general elections until early 2017.[5] Belize did hold a general election. in November 2015 in which Prime Minister Barrow and the United Democratic Party increased its majority by 9 percent as it made Belizean history, forming its third consecutive government. [6].

text: Canada[edit]

text: In Canada, snap elections at the federal level are not uncommon. During his 10 years as Prime Minister, Jean Chrétien recommended to the Governor General to call two snap elections, in 1997 and 2000, winning both times. Wilfrid Laurier and John Turner, meanwhile, both lost their premierships in snap elections they themselves had called (in 1911 and 1984, respectively). The most notable federal snap election is that of 1958, where Prime Minister John Diefenbaker called an election just nine months after the previous one and transformed his minority government into the largest majority in the history of Canada up to that date.

text: A snap election was also called in the province of Ontario in 1990, three years into Premier David Peterson's term. Peterson was polling at 54%, lower than his peak popularity but still well above the opposition party leaders, and expected to be re-elected with comfortable majority. However, the snap election backfired since it was interpreted as a sign of arrogance, with some cynically viewing it as an attempt to win another mandate before an anticipated economic recession. In the biggest upset in Ontario history, the New Democratic Party led by Bob Rae won an unprecedented majority government while Peterson lost his own seat to a rookie NDP candidate. A similar result occurred in Alberta in 2015 when Premier Jim Prentice of the governing Progressive Conservative party called a snap election. A few months before, 11 MLAs including their leader from the official opposition Wildrose Party had crossed the floor to sit with the government. However, the province was entering an economic recession due to the abrupt fall in oil prices, and Prentice's budget was not well received by either the political left or right. The resulting NDP majority victory unseated 13 cabinet ministers and ended 44 years of Progressive Conservative government in Alberta.

text: Czech Republic[edit]

text: Snap general elections were held in the Czech Republic on 25 and 26 October 2013, seven months before the constitutional expiry of the elected parliament's four year legislative term.

text: The government elected in May 2010 led by Prime Minister Petr Nečas was forced to resign on 17 June 2013, after a corruption and bribery scandal. A caretaker government led by Prime Minister Jiří Rusnok was then appointed by the President, but narrowly lost a vote of confidence on 7 August, leading to its resignation six days later.[7] The Chamber of Deputies then passed a motion dissolving itself on 20 August, with a call for new elections within 60 days after presidential assent.[8][9] The President gave his assent on 28 August, scheduling the elections for 25 and 26 October 2013.[10]

text: Denmark[edit]

text: In Denmark, Parliamentary elections take place every fourth year (Danish Constitution art. 32, sec. 1);[11] however, the Prime Minister can choose to call an early election at any time, provided that any elected parliament has already been called into session at least once.(Danish Constitution art. 32, sec. 2).[11] If a government loses its majority in the Folketing, this is not automatically a vote of confidence, but such a vote may be called, and – if lost – the government calls a new election. Denmark has a history of coalition minority governments, and due to this system, a party normally providing parliamentary support for the sitting government while not being part of it, can choose to deprive the government of a parliamentary majority regarding a specific vote, but at the same time avoid calling new elections since any vote of no confidence takes place as a separate procedure.

text: Notably, Denmark faced a number of very short parliaments in the 1970s and the 1980s. Prime Minister Poul Schlüter lead a series of coalition minority governments calling elections in both 1984, 1987, 1988 and 1990. Likewise, his predecessors called elections in 1971, 1973, 1975, 1977, 1979 and 1981. For more than 40 years, no Danish parliament has sat its full four-year term, in all cases, the Prime Minister has called elections at an earlier date.

text: 2007 general election: Danish prime minister Anders Fogh Rasmussen announced an election date for 24 October 2007. The election was held ahead of time in the sense that by law, the election needed to be held before 8 February 2009, four years after the previous election. Anders Fogh Rasmussen explained that the elections were called early in order to allow the parliament to work on important upcoming topics without being distracted by a future election. Referring specifically to welfare reform, he said rival parties would then try to outdo each other with expensive reforms which would damage the Danish economy.

text: Finland[edit]

text: The President of Finland can call for an early election. As per the version of the 2000 constitution currently in use, the president can do this only upon proposal by the Prime Minister and after consultations with the parliamentary groups, while the Parliament is in session. In prior versions of the constitution, the President had the power to do this unilaterally.

text: France[edit]

text: In France, under the Fifth Republic, while the National Assembly is elected for a five-year term, the President has the authority to dissolve the National Assembly and call an early election, provided the Assembly hasn't been dissolved in the preceding twelve months. Since the synchronization of the presidential and parliamentary terms to five years in 2002, reducing the risk of a cohabitation, an early election has not been called.

text:
1997 Parliamentary Election: The then-president Jacques Chirac called an election one year before it was scheduled to take place in an effort to catch the left-wing parties off guard. Partly due to the unpopularity of the prime minister, Alain Juppé, a coalition of left-wing parties were able to form a government, resulting in the longest cohabitation period in modern French history. This also marks the only time a French president has lost an election he called on his own initiative.
1988 Parliamentary Election: After the re-election of François Mitterrand in that year's presidential election, a snap parliamentary election was called to try and create a parliamentary majority for Mitterrand. While his allies obtained a plurality of seats, a coalition government needed to be formed. A similar dissolution occurred in 1981 after Mitterrand's first election.

text: Germany[edit]

text: In the Federal Republic of Germany, elections to the Bundestag must take place within 46–48 months after the first sitting of the previous chamber. The President of Germany may dissolve the chamber prematurely if the government loses a confidence motion (at the request of the Chancellor), or if no majority government can be formed.

text:
1972 federal election: Chancellor Willy Brandt's coalition between the SPD and FDP had been elected in 1969 with a relatively narrow 20-seat majority. The government then lost their majority after several MPs defected to the CDU/CSU opposition due to the government's Ostpolitik foreign policy, especially the recognition of the Oder-Neisse line. Benefitting from Brandt's personal popularity, the government was re-elected with a strengthened majority.
1983 federal election: The government of Chancellor Helmut Schmidt had been ousted in October 1982 after the FDP had switched from being allied with the SPD to being allied with the CDU-CSU union. Although the majority of MPs now supported the government of the new Chancellor Helmut Kohl, he called an early election in order to gain an explicit mandate to govern. To do this, he deliberately lost a confidence motion by asking for his coalition MPs to abstain. There was some controversy over this move and the decision was challenged in the Constitutional Court, but given approval. Kohl's government won the election with a net loss of one seat.
2005 federal election: Chancellor Gerhard Schröder deliberately lost a confidence motion to trigger new elections after a series of state election losses, culminating with North Rhine-Westphalia, caused the opposition to gain a wide majority in the Bundesrat. The government also feared that left-wing SPD MPs were threatening to block legislation. As with the 1983 dissolution, it was challenged and upheld in the Constitutional Court. The election produced a hung parliament due to the gains made by The Left party, resulting in a grand coalition being formed between the CDU-CSU and SPD. Schröder lost his chancellorship due to his party narrowly coming second in the elections.

text: Greece[edit]

text: In 2012, Greece held snap elections in two consecutive months. The government of George Papandreou, elected in the 2009 legislative election, had resigned in November 2011. Instead of triggering an immediate snap election, the government was replaced by a national unity government which had a remit to ratify and implement decisions taken with other Eurozone countries and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) a month earlier.[12] This government served for six months.

text: The May 2012 legislative election produced a deadlocked parliament and attempts to form a government were unsuccessful. The constitution directs the president to dissolve a newly elected parliament that is unable to form a government. Ten days after the election, the president announced that a second election would be held.[13] The June 2012 legislative election resulted in the formation of a coalition government.

text: India[edit]

text:
1998 general election: General elections were held in India in 1998, after the government elected in 1996 collapsed and the 12th Lok Sabha was convened. New elections were called when Indian National Congress (INC) left the United Front government led by I.K. Gujral, after they refused to drop the regional Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK) party from the government after the DMK was linked by an investigative panel to Sri Lankan separatists blamed for the killing of Rajiv Gandhi.[14] The outcome of the new elections was also indecisive, with no party or alliance able to create a strong majority. Although the BJP's Atal Bihari Vajpayee retained his position of Prime Minister getting support from 286 members out of 545, the government collapsed again in late 1998 when the AIADMK, with its 18 seats, withdrew their support, leading to new elections in 1999.
1999 general election: General elections were held in India from 5 September to 3 October 1999, a few months after the Kargil War. The 13th Lok Sabha election is of historical importance as it was the first time a united front of parties managed to attain a majority and form a government that lasted a full term of five years, thus ending a period of political instability at the national level that had been characterised by three general elections held in as many years.

text: On 17 April 1999, the Bharatiya Janata Party(BJP) coalition government led by prime minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee failed a to win a confidence vote in the Lok Sabha (India's lower house), falling short a single vote due to the withdrawal of one of the government's coalition partners – the All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (AIADMK). The leader of the AIADMK, J. Jayalalitha, had consistently threatened to withdraw support from the ruling coalition if certain demands were not met, in particular the sacking of the Tamil Nadu government, control of which she had lost three years prior. The BJP accused Jayalalitha of making the demands in order to avoid standing trial for a series of corruption charges, and no agreement between the parties could be reached leading to the government's defeat.[15]

text: Sonia Gandhi, as leader of the opposition and largest opposition party (Indian National Congress) was unable to form a coalition of parties large enough to secure a working majority in the Lok Sabha. Thus shortly after the no confidence motion, President K. R. Narayanan dissolved the Parliament and called fresh elections. Atal Bihari Vajpayee remained caretaker prime minister till the elections were held later that year.[16]

text: Italy[edit]

text: In Italy, national snap elections have been quite frequent in modern history, both under the Monarchy and in the current republican phase. After the foundation of the Italian Republic in 1946, the first snap election occurred in 1972 and the latest one in 2008. After significant changes in the election system (in 1992–93), the frequency of snap elections has been slightly reduced since new regulations granted completion of two of four parliamentary terms. Nonetheless, snap elections still play a role in the political debate as tools considered by political parties and the Executive branch to promote their agenda or to seize political momentum. No recall election is codified in electoral regulations. The Italian President is not required to call for a snap election, even if the Prime Minister asks for it, provided that the Parliament is able to form a new working majority (President Scalfaro denied snap election to Prime Minister Berlusconi after the loss of confidence in 1994).

text: Japan[edit]

text: In Japan, a snap election is called when a Prime Minister dissolves the lower house of the Diet of Japan. The act is based on Article 7 of the Constitution of Japan, which can be interpreted as saying that the Prime Minister has the power to dissolve the lower house after so advising the Emperor. One such occurrence was the general election of 11 September 2005, called by Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi after the Diet rejected his plan to privatize Japan Post. Koizumi won a resounding victory, and the privatization bill was passed in the next session.

text: Luxembourg[edit]

text: Early general elections were held in Luxembourg on 20 October 2013.[17] The elections were called after Prime Minister Jean-Claude Juncker, at the time the longest serving head of government in the European Union, announced his resignation over a spy scandal involving the Service de Renseignement de l'Etat (SREL).[18][19] The review found Juncker deficient in his control over the service.[19]

text: After a spy scandal involving the SREL illegallly wiretapping politicians, the Grand Duke and his family, and allegations of paying for favours in exchange for access to government ministers and officials leaked through the press, Prime Minister Juncker submitted his resignation to the Grand Duke on 11 July 2013, upon knowledge of the withdrawal of the Luxembourg Socialist Workers' Party from the government and thereby losing its confidence and supply in the Chamber of Deputies. Juncker urged the Grand Duke for the immediate dissolution of parliament and the calling of a snap election.[18]

text: New Zealand[edit]

text: New Zealand elections must be held every three years, and the date is determined by the Prime Minister. There have been three snap elections, in 1951, 1984 and 2002.

text:
The 1951 snap election occurred immediately after the 1951 waterfront dispute, in which the National Party government sided with shipping companies against a militant union, while the Labour opposition equivocated and thus annoyed both sides. The government was returned with an increased majority.
The 1984 snap election occurred during a term in which the National Party government had a majority of only one seat. An election was called by Prime Minister Robert Muldoon after he lost patience with his less obedient MPs. Announcing the election to national television while visibly drunk, Muldoon's government subsequently lost and the Labour Party took power.
The 2002 election. On 12 June 2002 the Labour Party Prime Minister Helen Clark announced that the country would have a general election on 27 July 2002. Clark claimed that an early poll was necessary due to the collapse of her junior coalition partner, the Alliance, but denied it was a snap election. This early election caused considerable comment. Critics claimed that Clark could have continued to govern, and that the early election was called to take advantage of Labour's strong position in the polls.[20] Some commentators[according to whom?] believe that a mixture of these factors was responsible. The National Party was caught unprepared by the election and suffered its worst ever result (20.9% of the party vote), and the government was returned with an increased majority.

text: Pakistan[edit]

text:
1990 general election: The Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP) led by Benazir Bhutto won a plurality of seats in the 1988 election and Bhutto became Prime Minister. However, by 1990 there was discontent over rising lawlessness, allegations of corruption and the failure of the government to fulfill the promises it had made during the 1988 campaign.[21]
1993 general election: The Pakistan Muslim League (N) (PML-N) won the 1990 election and the party's leader, Nawaz Sharif, became Prime Minister. In early 1993 he attempted to strip the President of the power to dismiss the Prime Minister, National Assembly and regional assemblies.[22] However, in April 1993 President Khan dismissed Sharif for corruption and called elections for the 14 July after dissolving the National Assembly.[23] Sharif immediately appealed to the Supreme Court, which in May ruled by 10 to 1 that Khan had exceeded his powers and therefore restored Sharif as Prime Minister.[24]

text: Khan and Sharif then began to battle for control of Pakistan for the next two months. They both attempted to secure control over the regional assemblies and in particular, Punjab. In Punjab this saw a staged kidnapping and the moving of 130 members of the Punjab Assembly to the capital to ensure they stayed loyal to Sharif. Meanwhile, the leader of the main opposition party Benazir Bhutto threatened to lead a march on Islamabad unless new elections were called.[22]

text: Finally on the 18 July, under pressure from the army to resolve the power struggle, Sharif and Khan resigned as Prime Minister and President respectively. Elections for the National Assembly were called for the 6 October with elections for the regional assemblies set to follow shortly afterwards.[22][25]

text: 1997 general election: The PPP won the largest number of seats in the 1993 election and Benazir Bhutto became prime minister at the head of a coalition government.[26] However, on 5 November 1996, President Leghari, a former ally of Bhutto,[27] dismissed the government 2 years early for alleged corruption and abuse of power.[28] The allegations included financial mismanagement, failing to stop police killings, destroying judicial independence and violating the constitution.[29] A number of PPP party members were detained including Bhutto's husband Asif Ali Zardari who was accused of taking commissions for arranging official deals.[29]

text: A former speaker and member of the PPP Miraj Khalid was appointed interim prime minister. The National Assembly and provincial assemblies were dissolved and elections called for 3 February 1997.[29] Bhutto denied all the charges against herself and petitioned the Supreme Court to reverse her dismissal. However, the court ruled in January that there was sufficient evidence for the dismissal to be justified legally.[30]

text: Philippines[edit]

text: In the Philippines, the term "snap election" usually refers to the 1986 presidential election, where President Ferdinand Marcos called elections earlier than scheduled, in response to growing social unrest. Marcos was declared official winner of the election but was eventually ousted when it was alleged that he cheated in the elections.

text: The reasons for the calling of the snap election are because of political and economic crisis, political instability in the country and deteriorating peace and order situation.

text: In the current constitution, a snap election will be held for the positions of president and vice president on the condition that both positions are vacant and the next scheduled presidential election is more than 18 months away.[31]

text: As the Philippines uses the presidential system with fixed terms, Congress can't be dissolved. This means "snap elections" as understood under the parliamentary system cannot be invoked.

text: Slovakia[edit]

text: A snap general election took place in Slovakia on 10 March 2012 to elect 150 members of the Národná rada. The election followed the fall of Prime Minister Iveta Radičová's Slovak Democratic and Christian Union – Democratic Party-led coalition in October 2011 over a no confidence vote her government had lost because of its support for the European Financial Stability Fund. Amidst a major corruption scandal involving local center-right politicians, former Prime Minister Robert Fico's Direction – Social Democracy won an absolute majority of seats.

text: Slovenia[edit]

text: A parliamentary election for the 90 deputies to the National Assembly of Slovenia was held on 4 December 2011.[32] This was the first early election in Slovenia's history. 65.60% of voters cast their vote.[33] The election was surprisingly won by the center-left Positive Slovenia party, led by Zoran Janković. However, he failed to be elected as the new Prime Minister in the National Assembly,[34] and the new government was formed by a right-leaning coalition of five parties, led by Janez Janša, the president of the second-placed Slovenian Democratic Party.[34][35][36] he National Assembly consists of 90 members, elected for a four-year term, 88 members elected by the party-list proportional representation system with D'Hondt method and 2 members elected by ethnic minorities (Italians and Hungarians) using the Borda count.[37]

text: The election was previously scheduled to take place in 2012, four years after the 2008 election. However, on 20 September 2011, the government led by Borut Pahor fell after a vote of no confidence.[38]

text: As stated in the Constitution, the National Assembly has to elect a new Prime Minister within 30 days and a candidate has to be proposed by either members of the Assembly or the President of the country within seven days after the fall of a government.[39] If this does not happen, the president dissolves the Assembly and calls for a snap election. The leaders of most parliamentary political parties expressed opinion that they preferred an early election instead of forming a new government.[40]

text: As no candidates were proposed by the deadline, the President Danilo Türk announced that he would dissolve the Assembly on 21 October and that the election would take place on 4 December.[32] The question arose as to whether the President could dissolve the Assembly after the seven days, in the event that no candidate was proposed. However, since this situation is not covered in the constitution, the decision of the President to wait the full 30 days was welcomed by the political parties.[41] The dissolution of the Assembly, a first in independent Slovenia, took place on October 21, a minute after midnight.[42]

text: Spain[edit]

text:
2011 general election: The Cortes were dissolved and the general election called by King Juan Carlos I on 26 September,[43] at the request of Prime Minister José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero, who had already announced his intention to call for a snap election on 28 July.[44]
2016 general election: After no party secured a majority in the 2015 general election and with ensuing negotiations leading to political deadlock, a fresh election was called for 26 June[45][46]—the first time in Spanish recent history that an election was triggered as a result of failure in the government formation process.[47]

text: Sweden[edit]

text: The Instrument of Government (Regeringsformen) in the Constitution of Sweden allows a "new election" ("Nyval" in Swedish). The wording is used to make clear it does not change the period to the next ordinary election, and the Members of Parliament (riksdagsledamöter) elected merely serve out what remains of the four-year parliamentary term.

text: Elections are called by the government. Elections are also to be held if the parliament fails to elect a prime minister in its fourth attempt. Elections may not otherwise be called during the first three months of the parliament's first session after a general election. Elections may not be called by a prime minister who has resigned or been discharged.

text: 2014 Swedish government crisis: On 3 December 2014, Prime Minister Stefan Löfven announced that the government was calling for a snap election on 22 March 2015, after the parliament elected on 14 September 2014 voted against the government's proposal for the 2015 state budget.[48] However, the final order of the snap election was never carried out as six out of the eighth parliament parties reached an agreement on 27 December 2014 called Decemberöverenskommelsen (The December Agreement).[49] The agreement was dissolved in 2015, however the centre-right parties Moderate and Centre allowed the social democrat minority government to continue to govern.

text: Thailand[edit]

text:
2006 general election: In 2005, Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra and his Thai Rak Thai Party was re-elected for a second consecutive term in office when they won a landslide general election victory by grabbing a whopping 375 out of 500 seats in parliament. This result gave his party the power to amend the constitution since they have won a two-thirds majority. However one year later, in 2006, Thaksin was found to have been indulging in corrupt business practices in his own telecommunication firm Shincorp. This led to a violent street protests in Bangkok arranged by his rivals the Democrat party led by the main opposition leader Abhisit Vejjajiva where they demanded his resignation. On the other hand, Thaksin took a gamble and called a snap election scheduled for 2 April 2006 where all the main opposition parties boycotted the polls and over 50% of voters abstained to cast their ballots. Thaksin won by default and captured all the 500 seats in the house of parliament. Months later, the supreme court annulled the election results and ordered a fresh election to be held within 100 days from the date of the court's ruling. However, that wasn't to be as Thaksin was ousted in a bloodless military coup forcing him into exile in the Philippines and Dubai. The military stayed in power until 2007 when they stepped down and held a general election in December that year to restore democracy.
2014 general election: Thaksin Shinawatra's sister Yingluck Shinawatra became Thailand's first female prime minister on 3 August 2011 when she won a landslide election victory on 3 July 2011. Peace prevailed in Thailand for the next for two and a half years under Prime Minister Yingluck's rule. The country returned to another political crisis in November 2013 when her opponents wanted the prime minister and her Pheu Thai Party government to resign after she tried to pass a controversial amnesty bill in parliament which would permit the return of her brother Thaksin as a free man. However, the bill was not passed because the government succumbed to pressure from the weeks of street protests and blockades that took place in Bangkok, which intensified before the King's birthday. On 9 December 2013, Prime Minister Yingluck Shinawatra decided to dissolve parliament and called a snap general election, which was held on 2 February 2014. This announcement came a day after the resignation of all MPs from the main opposition Democrat Party led by opposition leader Abhisit Vejjajiva, which boycotted the election afterwards.

text: Ukraine[edit]

text: In Ukraine a snap poll must have a voter turnout higher than 50%.[50]

text: United Kingdom[edit]

text: The conditions for when a snap election can be called have been significantly restricted by the Fixed-term Parliaments Act 2011 to occasions when the government loses a confidence motion or when a two-thirds supermajority of MPs vote in favour. Prior to this, the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom had the de facto power to call an election at will by requesting a dissolution from the monarch – the limited circumstances where this would not be granted were set out in the Lascelles Principles. There was no fixed period for holding elections, although between 1997 and 2015 there was a convention that the government should hold elections on the same date as local elections on the first Thursday of May. Since World War II, only the 2015 general election was held on the latest possible date (7 May 2015), due to being the first general election at the end of a fixed-term Parliament.

text: The following elections were called by a voluntary decision of the government less than four years after the previous election:

text:
1923 general election: Although the Conservatives had won a working majority in the House of Commons after Bonar Law's victory in the 1922 general election, Stanley Baldwin called an election only a year later. Baldwin sought a mandate to raise tariffs, which Law had promised against in the previous election, as well as desiring to gain a personal mandate to govern and strengthen his position within the party. This backfired, as the election resulted in a hung parliament. After losing a confidence motion in January 1924, Baldwin resigned and was replaced by Ramsay MacDonald, who formed the country's first ever Labour minority government with tacit support from the Liberal Party.
1931 general election: After his government became split over how to deal with the Great Depression, Ramsay MacDonald offered his resignation to the King in August 1931. He was instead persuaded to form a National Government with the Conservatives and Liberals, which resulted in his expulsion from the Labour Party. The Conservatives then forced MacDonald to call the election. The result was that the National Government won one of the biggest landslides in British history, while Labour lost 80% of their seats.
1951 general election: Despite the fact the Conservatives were leading in the polls, Clement Attlee called the election to increase his government's majority, which had been reduced to just five seats in the 1950 general election. Although Labour actually outpolled the Conservatives and their National Liberal allies by a quarter of a million votes, they were defeated and Winston Churchill returned to the premiership.
1955 general election: After Winston Churchill retired in April 1955, Anthony Eden took over and immediately called the election in order to gain a mandate for his government.
1966 general election: Harold Wilson called the election seventeen months after Labour narrowly won the 1964 general election: The government had won a barely-workable majority of four seats, which had been reduced to two after the Leyton by-election in January 1965. Labour won a decisive victory, with a majority of 98 seats.
February 1974 general election: Prime Minister Edward Heath called the election in order to get a mandate to face down a miners' strike. The election unexpectedly produced a hung parliament in which Labour narrowly won more seats, despite winning fewer votes than the Conservatives. Unable to form a coalition with the Liberals, Heath resigned and was replaced by Wilson.
October 1974 general election: Six months after the February election, Wilson called another general election in an attempt to win a majority for his Labour minority government and resolve the deadlock. Wilson was successful, though Labour only held a narrow 3-seat majority.

text: The following election was called by a vote in the House of Commons resulting in a two-thirds majority of MPs, under the terms of the Fixed-term Parliaments Act 2011:

text: In April 2017, Prime Minister Theresa May requested a general election which was approved in Parliament by a near-unanimous vote. This was shortly after the official commencement of the process of withdrawing from the European Union (Brexit), with May saying that she needed a clear mandate to lead the country through the ensuing negotiations, and hoping to increase her Conservative Party's majority. The 2017 general election was a failure for May, with the Conservative Party losing seats, resulting in a hung parliament.

text: The following elections were forced by a motion of no confidence against the will of the government:

text:
1924 general election: Ramsay MacDonald was forced to call the election after the Conservatives and Liberals teamed together to deliver a vote of no confidence as a result of the Campbell Case. It was the third general election in three years. The result was a landslide victory for Baldwin and the Conservatives. This was mainly due to anti-socialist Liberal voters switching to support the Conservatives; Labour also lost seats even though their vote share increased.
1979 general election: This election was held six months before the latest possible date. It was called when the minority Labour government of James Callaghan lost a confidence motion, which had been proposed by the SNP in the aftermath of the Scottish devolution referendum and was taken forward by the Conservatives, by one vote. The Conservatives, led by Margaret Thatcher, won a majority of seats at the election.

text: Northern Ireland[edit]

text: The devolved UK administrations (the Northern Ireland Assembly, Scottish Parliament, and Welsh Assembly; established in 1998, 1999, and 1998 respectively) are also elected for fixed terms of government (four years prior to 2011, five years thereafter), but snap elections can still be called in the event of a motion of no confidence, or other special circumstances.

text: 2017 Northern Ireland Assembly election: Held ten months after the previous Assembly election. Following the resignation of Sinn Féin deputy First Minister Martin McGuinness over various issues and scandals with his party's DUP coalition partners, and the subsequent refusal of Sinn Féin to nominate a new deputy First Minister, the Northern Ireland Executive collapsed and the Secretary of State for Northern Ireland James Brokenshire was legally obliged to call a snap election to attempt to restore a functional devolved government. This election took place on 2 March 2017. The DUP and Sinn Féin remained the two largest parties following the election, but as of December 2017[update] have not reached an agreement to share power; despite the passing of the original deadline to form a new Executive, no further election has yet been called.

text: Venezuela[edit]

text: Venezuelan presidential election, 2018: The original electoral date was scheduled for December 2018,[51] pulled ahead to 22 April 2018,[52] but then delayed for additional weeks to May 2018.[53]


document_title: List of NHL franchise post-season droughts

question_text: nhl teams that have never made the stanley cup finals

text: Longest active droughts[edit]

text: Post-season appearance droughts[edit]

text: A post-season appearance drought is continued by not making the NHL playoffs after the regular season. Since the first round of the playoffs consists of 8 series (16 teams) and there are 31 teams in the NHL, there will always be 15 teams that did not make the most recent playoffs. 14 of those teams are in the list below; the 15th team, Vegas Golden Knights has yet to complete a season.

text: The other 16 teams – Anaheim Ducks, Boston Bruins, Calgary Flames, Chicago Blackhawks, Columbus Blue Jackets, Edmonton Oilers, Minnesota Wild, Montreal Canadiens, Nashville Predators, New York Rangers, Ottawa Senators, Pittsburgh Penguins, San Jose Sharks, St. Louis Blues, Toronto Maple Leafs, and Washington Capitals – all qualified for the 2017 Stanley Cup playoffs.

text:
Team
Last appearance in post-season
Post-season drought

Carolina Hurricanes
2008–09
8 seasons

Buffalo Sabres
2010–11
6 seasons

Arizona Coyotes1
2011–12
5 seasons

New Jersey Devils
2011–12
5 seasons

Colorado Avalanche
2013–14
3 seasons

Vancouver Canucks
2014–15
2 seasons

Winnipeg Jets
2014–15
2 seasons

Dallas Stars
2015–16
1 season

Detroit Red Wings
2015–16
1 season

Florida Panthers
2015–16
1 season

Los Angeles Kings
2015–16
1 season

New York Islanders
2015–16
1 season

Philadelphia Flyers
2015–16
1 season

Tampa Bay Lightning
2015–16
1 season

tag: table

text: Post-season series win droughts[edit]

text: A post-season series win drought is continued either by not making the playoffs in a season or by making the playoffs in a season but subsequently losing the first round series. Since the first round of the NHL playoffs consist of 8 series (16 teams), there will always be 22 teams in this list – the 14 teams that do not qualify for the post-season, plus the 8 teams that lose their first round series.

text: The other 8 teams – the Anaheim Ducks, Edmonton Oilers, Nashville Predators, New York Rangers, Ottawa Senators, Pittsburgh Penguins, St. Louis Blues and Washington Capitals – all won a post-season series in the 2017 Stanley Cup playoffs.

text:
Team
Last post-season
series win
Subsequent post-season
series losses
Post-season
series win drought

Florida Panthers
1995–96
4 : 1996–97, 1999–2000, 2011–12, 2015–16
20 seasons

Winnipeg Jets
never (inception of franchise in 1999–2000)
2 : 2006–07, 2014–15
17 seasons1

Columbus Blue Jackets
never (inception of franchise in 2000–01)
3 : 2008–09, 2013–14, 2016–17
16 seasons

Toronto Maple Leafs
2003–04
2 : 2012–13, 2016–17
12 seasons

Buffalo Sabres
2006–07
2 : 2009–10, 2010–11
010 seasons

Colorado Avalanche
2007–08
2 : 2009–10, 2013–14
09 seasons

Carolina Hurricanes
2008–09

08 seasons

Vancouver Canucks
2010–11
3 : 2011–12, 2012–13, 2014–15
06 seasons

Arizona Coyotes2
2011–12

05 seasons

New Jersey Devils
2011–12

05 seasons

Philadelphia Flyers
2011–12
2 : 2013–14, 2015–16
05 seasons

Detroit Red Wings
2012–13
3 : 2013–14, 2014–15, 2015–16
04 seasons

Boston Bruins
2013–14
1 : 2016–17
03 seasons

Los Angeles Kings
2013–14
1 : 2015–16
03 seasons

Calgary Flames
2014–15
1 : 2016–17
02 seasons

Chicago Blackhawks
2014–15
2 : 2015–16, 2016–17
02 seasons

Minnesota Wild
2014–15
2 : 2015–16, 2016–17
02 seasons

Montreal Canadiens
2014–15
1 : 2016–17
02 seasons

Dallas Stars
2015–16

01 season

New York Islanders
2015–16

01 season

San Jose Sharks
2015–16
1 : 2016–17
01 season

Tampa Bay Lightning
2015–16

01 season

text: Stanley Cup Final droughts[edit]

text: This is a list of the teams and the number of seasons since they have reached the Stanley Cup Final. This list does not include the two teams that made the 2017 Stanley Cup Finals; the Nashville Predators and the Pittsburgh Penguins.

text:
Team
Last appearance
in Stanley Cup Final
Subsequent Conference
Final losses
Stanley Cup
Final drought

Toronto Maple Leafs
1966–67
5: 1977–78, 1992–93, 1993–94, 1998–99, 2001–02
49 seasons

St. Louis Blues
1969–70
4: 1971–72, 1985–86, 2000–01, 2015–16
46 seasons

Arizona Coyotes
never (franchise entered the NHL in 1979–80)
1: 2011–12
37 seasons1

New York Islanders
1983–84
1: 1992–93
32 seasons

Montreal Canadiens
1992–93
2: 2009–10, 2013–14
23 seasons

Florida Panthers
1995–96

20 seasons

Washington Capitals
1997–98

18 seasons

Buffalo Sabres
1998–99
2: 2005–06, 2006–07
17 seasons

Winnipeg Jets
never (inception of franchise in 1999–2000)

17 seasons2

Columbus Blue Jackets
never (inception of franchise in 2000–01)

16 seasons

Dallas Stars
1999–2000
1: 2007–08
16 seasons

Minnesota Wild
never (inception of franchise in 2000–01)
1: 2002–03
16 seasons

Colorado Avalanche
2000–01
1: 2001–02
15 seasons

Calgary Flames
2003–04

12 seasons

Carolina Hurricanes
2005–06
1: 2008–09
011 seasons

Edmonton Oilers
2005–06

011 seasons

Anaheim Ducks
2006–07
2: 2014–15, 2016–17
010 seasons

Ottawa Senators
2006–07
1: 2016–17
010 seasons

Detroit Red Wings
2008–09

08 seasons

Philadelphia Flyers
2009–10

07 seasons

Vancouver Canucks
2010–11

06 seasons

New Jersey Devils
2011–12

05 seasons

Boston Bruins
2012–13

04 seasons

Los Angeles Kings
2013–14

03 seasons

New York Rangers
2013–14
1: 2014–15
03 season

Chicago Blackhawks
2014–15

02 season

Tampa Bay Lightning
2014–15
1: 2015–16
02 season

San Jose Sharks
2015–16

01 season

text: Stanley Cup droughts[edit]

text: This is a list of the teams and the number of seasons since they have won the Stanley Cup. This list does not include the team that won the 2017 Stanley Cup Finals; the Pittsburgh Penguins.

text:
Team
Last Stanley Cup
Subsequent Stanley Cup
Final losses
Stanley Cup
drought

Toronto Maple Leafs
1966–67

49 seasons

St. Louis Blues
never (inception of franchise in 1967–68)
3 : 1967–68, 1968–69, 1969–70
49 seasons

Buffalo Sabres
never (inception of franchise in 1970–71)
2 : 1974–75, 1998–99
46 seasons

Vancouver Canucks
never (inception of franchise in 1970–71)
3 : 1981–82, 1993–94, 2010–11
46 seasons

Washington Capitals
never (inception of franchise in 1974–75)
1 : 1997–98
42 seasons

Philadelphia Flyers
1974–75
6 : 1975–76, 1979–80, 1984–85, 1986–87, 1996–97, 2009–10
41 seasons

Arizona Coyotes
never (franchise entered the NHL in 1979–80)

37 seasons1

New York Islanders
1982–83
1 : 1983–84
33 seasons

Calgary Flames
1988–89
1 : 2003–04
27 seasons

Edmonton Oilers
1989–90
1 : 2005–06
26 seasons

San Jose Sharks
never (inception of franchise in 1991–92)
1 : 2015–16
25 seasons

Ottawa Senators
never (inception of franchise in 1992–93)
1 : 2006–07
24 seasons

Montreal Canadiens
1992–93

23 seasons

Florida Panthers
never (inception of franchise in 1993–94)
1 : 1995–96
23 seasons

New York Rangers
1993–94
1 : 2013–14
22 seasons

Nashville Predators
never (inception of franchise in 1998–99)

18 seasons

Dallas Stars
1998–99
1 : 1999–2000
17 seasons

Winnipeg Jets
never (inception of franchise in 1999–2000)

17 seasons2

Columbus Blue Jackets
never (inception of franchise in 2000–01)

16 seasons

Minnesota Wild
never (inception of franchise in 2000–01)

16 seasons

Colorado Avalanche
2000–01

15 seasons

New Jersey Devils
2002–03
1 : 2011–12
13 seasons

Tampa Bay Lightning
2003–04
1 : 2014–15
12 seasons

Carolina Hurricanes
2005–06

011 seasons

Anaheim Ducks
2006–07

010 seasons

Detroit Red Wings
2007–08
1 : 2008–09
09 seasons

Boston Bruins
2010–11
1 : 2012–13
06 seasons

Los Angeles Kings
2013–14

03 seasons

Chicago Blackhawks
2014–15

02 seasons

text: Closest approaches without winning[edit]

text:
Team
First Round Appearances1
Second Round Appearances2
Conference Final Appearances3
Stanley Cup Final Appearances
Fewest Wins Short of Stanley Cup

Vancouver Canucks
26
11
3
3
01 win short : 1993–94, 2010–11

Buffalo Sabres
27
15
6
2
02 wins short : 1974–75, 1998–99

San Jose Sharks
19
13
4
1
02 wins short : 2015–16

Nashville Predators
10
4
1
1
2 wins short : 2016–17

Ottawa Senators
16
7
3
1
03 wins short : 2006–07

St. Louis Blues
33
23
7
3
04 wins short : 1967–68, 1968–69, 1969–70

Florida Panthers
5
1
1
1
04 wins short : 1995–96

Washington Capitals
26
14
2
1
04 wins short : 1997–98

Arizona Coyotes4
19
3
1

07 wins short : 2011–12

Minnesota Wild
8
3
1

08 wins short : 2002–03

Columbus Blue Jackets
3

14 wins short : 2013–14

Winnipeg Jets5
2

16 wins short : 2006–07, 2014–15

text: Longest all-time droughts[edit]

text: Post-season appearance droughts[edit]

text:
Team
Previous post-season appearance
Next post-season appearance
Post-season drought

Florida Panthers
1999–2000
2011–12
10 seasons

Edmonton Oilers
2005–06
2016–17
010 seasons

Colorado Rockies/New Jersey Devils
1977–78
1987–88
09 seasons1

California Golden Seals/Cleveland Barons2
1969–70
never
08 seasons3

Boston Bruins
1958–59
1967–68
08 seasons

Washington Capitals
never (inception of franchise in 1974–75)
1982–83
08 seasons

Carolina Hurricanes
2008–09

08 seasons

Detroit Red Wings
1969–70
1977–78
07 seasons

New York Islanders
1993–94
2001–02
07 seasons

Calgary Flames
1995–96
2003–04
07 seasons

New York Rangers
1996–97
2005–06
07 seasons

Columbus Blue Jackets
never (inception of franchise in 2000–01)
2008–09
07 seasons

Toronto Maple Leafs
2003–04
2012–13
07 seasons

Atlanta Thrashers/Winnipeg Jets
2006–07
2014–15
07 seasons4

text: Post-season series win droughts[edit]

text:
Team
Previous post-season
series win
Intervening post-season
series losses
Next post-season
series win
Post-season
series win drought

Winnipeg Jets / Phoenix Coyotes1
1986–87
12 : 1987–88, 1989–90, 1991–92, 1992–93, 1995–96, 1996–97, 1997–98, 1998–99, 1999–2000, 2001–02, 2009–10, 2010–11
2011–12
25 seasons2

New York Islanders
1992–93
07 : 1993–94, 2001–02, 2002–03, 2003–04, 2006–07, 2012–13, 2014–15
2015–16
23 seasons

New York Rangers
1949–50
08 : 1955–56, 1956–57, 1957–58, 1961–62, 1966–67, 1967–68, 1968–69, 1969–70
1970–71
20 seasons

Florida Panthers
1995–96
04 : 1996–97, 1999–2000, 2011–12, 2015–16

20 seasons

Atlanta Thrashers / Winnipeg Jets
never (inception of franchise in 1999–2000)
02 : 2006–07, 2014–15

17 seasons3

Chicago Black Hawks
1943–44
04 : 1945–46, 1952–53, 1958–59, 1959–60
1960–61
16 seasons

Columbus Blue Jackets
never (inception of franchise in 2000–01)
03 : 2008–09, 2013–14, 2016–17

16 seasons

Hartford Whalers / Carolina Hurricanes
1985–86
08 : 1986–87, 1987–88, 1988–89, 1989–90, 1990–91, 1991–92, 1998–99, 2000–01
2001–02
15 seasons4

Calgary Flames
1988–89
06 : 1989–90, 1990–91, 1992–93, 1993–94, 1994–95, 1995–96
2003–04
14 seasons

Kansas City Scouts / Colorado Rockies / New Jersey Devils
never (inception of franchise in 1974–75)
01 : 1977–78
1987–88
13 seasons5

text: Stanley Cup Final droughts[edit]

text:
Team
Previous Stanley Cup Final
Intervening Conference
Final losses
Next Stanley Cup Final
Stanley Cup Final drought

Toronto Maple Leafs
1966–67
5: 1977–78, 1992–93, 1993–94, 1998–99, 2001–02

49 seasons

St. Louis Blues
1969–70
4: 1971–72, 1985–86, 2000–01, 2015–16

46 seasons

Winnipeg Jets / Phoenix/Arizona Coyotes
never (franchise entered the NHL in 1979–80)
1: 2011–12

37 seasons1

New York Islanders
1983–84
1: 1992–93

32 seasons

Detroit Red Wings
1965–66
2: 1986–87, 1987–88
1994–95
28 seasons

Los Angeles Kings
never (inception of franchise in 1967–68)
1: 1968–69
1992–93
25 seasons

Buffalo Sabres
1974–75
2: 1979–80, 1997–98
1998–99
23 seasons

Pittsburgh Penguins
never (inception of franchise in 1967–68)
1: 1969–70
1990–91
23 seasons

Washington Capitals
never (inception of franchise in 1974–75)
1: 1989–90
1997–98
23 seasons

San Jose Sharks
never (inception of franchise in 1991–92)
3: 2003–04, 2009–10, 2010–11
2015–16
23 seasons

Montreal Canadiens
1992–93
2: 2009–10, 2013–14

23 seasons

text: Stanley Cup droughts[edit]

text:
Team
Previous Stanley Cup
Intervening Stanley Cup
Final losses
Next Stanley Cup
Stanley Cup drought

New York Rangers
1939–40
3 : 1949–50, 1971–72, 1978–79
1993–94
53 seasons1

Toronto Maple Leafs
1966–67

49 seasons

St. Louis Blues
never (inception of franchise in 1967–68)
3 : 1967–68, 1968–69, 1969–70

49 seasons

Chicago Black Hawks2
1960–61
5 : 1961–62, 1964–65, 1970–71, 1972–73, 1991–92
2009–10
47 seasons

Buffalo Sabres
never (inception of franchise in 1970–71)
2 : 1974–75, 1998–99

46 seasons

Vancouver Canucks
never (inception of franchise in 1970–71)
3 : 1981–82, 1993–94, 2010–11

46 seasons

Los Angeles Kings
never (inception of franchise in 1967–68)
1 : 1992–93
2011–12
43 seasons

Washington Capitals
never (inception of franchise in 1974–75)
1 : 1997–98

42 seasons

Detroit Red Wings
1954–55
6 : 1955–56, 1960–61, 1962–63, 1963–64, 1965–66, 1994–95
1996–97
41 seasons

Philadelphia Flyers
1974–75
6 : 1975–76, 1979–80, 1984–85, 1986–87, 1996–97, 2009–10

41 seasons

text: Cities/regions awaiting first Stanley Cup[edit]

text: This list only includes cities/regions currently hosting an NHL franchise.

text:
City/Region
Seasons waiting
Stanley Cup
Final appearances
Current NHL team

St. Louis
501
1967–682, 1968–692, 1969–702
St. Louis Blues

Buffalo
460
1974–75, 1998–99
Buffalo Sabres

Minneapolis–Saint Paul
423
1980–814, 1990–914
Minnesota Wild

Washington, D.C.
420
1997–98
Washington Capitals

San Francisco Bay Area
345
2015–16
San Jose Sharks

South Florida
230
1995–96
Florida Panthers

Phoenix
200
never
Arizona Coyotes

Nashville
180
2016–17
Nashville Predators

Ohio
186
never
Columbus Blue Jackets

text:
Although the Vancouver Canucks have not won a Stanley Cup in their 45 seasons of play (inception of franchise in 1970–71 through to 2015-16), Vancouver has one Stanley Cup to its credit - the Vancouver Millionaires of the Pacific Coast Hockey Association won the Stanley Cup in 1915 prior to the founding of the NHL in 1917.
While the current Ottawa Senators have never won the Stanley Cup in their 24 seasons of play (inception of franchise in 1992–93 through to 2016-17), Ottawa celebrated 11 Stanley Cup championships with the original era Ottawa Senators, the last one in 1927.
While neither team called the Winnipeg Jets ever won the Stanley Cup in their combined 22 seasons playing in Winnipeg (as of 2015-16), the city celebrated three Stanley Cup championships by the Winnipeg Victorias, the last in 1902, prior to the founding of the NHL in 1917.


document_title: Parables of Jesus

question_text: what are the parables in mark's gospel

question_tokens: what are the parables in mark 's gospel

text: Parables of Jesus

text: Roots and sources[edit]

text: As a translation of the Hebrew word מָשָׁל mashal, the word "parable" can also refer to a riddle. In all times in their history the Jews were familiar with teaching by means of parables and a number of parables also exist in the Old Testament.[6] The use of parables by Jesus was hence a natural teaching method that fit into the tradition of his time.[7] The parables of Jesus have been quoted, taught, and discussed since the very beginnings of Christianity.

text: Nature of parables of Christ[edit]

text: Parables are one of the many literary forms in the Bible, but are especially seen in the gospels of the New Testament. Parables are generally considered to be short stories such as the Good Samaritan, and which are differentiated from metaphorical statements such as, "You are the salt of the earth." A true parable may be regarded as an extended simile (Blomberg, C. L., Interpreting the Parables). Although some suggest parables are essentially extended allegories, others emphatically argue the opposite.[8] Dr. Kenneth Boa states that "Parables are extended figures of comparison that often use short stories to teach a truth or answer a question. While the story in a parable is not historical, it is true to life, not a fairy tale. As a form of oral literature, the parable exploits realistic situations but makes effective use of the imagination...Some of the parables [of Christ] were designed to reveal mysteries to those on the inside and to conceal the truth to those on the outside who would not hear."[9]

text: Canonical gospels[edit]

text: The three synoptic gospels contain the parables of Jesus. There are a growing number of scholars who also find parables in the Gospel of John, such as the little stories of the Good Shepherd (John 10:1-5) or the childbearing woman (John 16:21).[10] Otherwise, John includes allegories but no parables. Several authors such as Barbara Reid, Arland Hultgren or Donald Griggs comment that "parables are noticeably absent from the Gospel of John".[11][12][13][14]

text: The Catholic Encyclopedia states: "There are no parables in St. John's Gospel. In the Synoptics ... we reckon thirty-three in all; but some have raised the number even to sixty, by including proverbial expressions."[15] The Gospel of Luke contains both the largest total number of parables (24) and eighteen unique parables; the Gospel of Matthew contains 23 parables of which eleven are unique; and the Gospel of Mark contains eight parables of which two are unique.

text: In Harmony of the Gospels, Cox and Easley provide a Gospel harmony for the parables based on the following counts: Only in Matthew: 11, only in Mark: 2, only in Luke: 18, Matthew and Luke: 4, Matthew, Mark and Luke: 6. They list no parables for the Gospel of John.[16]

text: Other documents[edit]

text: Parables attributed to Jesus are also found in other documents apart from the Bible. Some of these overlap those in the canonical gospels and some are not part of the Bible. The non-canonical Gospel of Thomas contains up to fifteen parables, eleven of which have parallels in the four canonical Gospels. The unknown author of the Gospel of Thomas did not have a special word for "parable," making it difficult to know what he considered a parable.[17] Those unique to Thomas include the Parable of the Assassin and the Parable of the Empty Jar.

text: The noncanonical Apocryphon of James also contains three unique parables attributed to Jesus.[18] They are known as "The Parable of the Ear of Grain", "The Parable of the Grain of Wheat", and "The Parable of the Date-Palm Shoot".[19]

text: The hypothetical Q document is seen as a source for some of the parables in Matthew, Luke, and Thomas.[20]

text: Purpose and motive[edit]

text: In the Gospel of Matthew (13:10–17) Jesus provides an answer when asked about his use of parables:[21]

text: The disciples came to him and asked, "Why do you speak to the people in parables?" He replied,

text: While Mark 4:33–34 and Matthew 13:34–35 may suggest that Jesus would only speak to the "crowds" in parables, while in private explaining everything to his disciples, modern scholars do not support the private explanations argument and surmise that Jesus used parables as a teaching method.[22] Dwight Pentecost suggests that given that Jesus often preached to a mixed audience of believers and non-believers, he used parables to reveal the truth to some, but hide it from others.[1]

text: Christian author Ashton Axenden suggests that Jesus constructed his parables based on his divine knowledge of how man can be taught:[23]

text: This was a mode of teaching, which our blessed Lord seemed to take special delight in employing. And we may be quite sure, that as "He knew what was in man" better than we know, He would not have taught by Parables, if He had not felt that this was the kind of teaching best suited to our wants.

text: In the 19th century, Lisco and Fairbairn stated that in the parables of Jesus, "the image borrowed from the visible world is accompanied by a truth from the invisible (spiritual) world" and that the parables of Jesus are not "mere similitudes which serve the purpose of illustration, but are internal analogies where nature becomes a witness for the spiritual world".[3]

text: Similarly, in the 20th century, calling a parable "an earthly story with a heavenly meaning",[24] William Barclay states that the parables of Jesus use familiar examples to lead men's minds towards heavenly concepts. He suggests that Jesus did not form his parables merely as analogies but based on an "inward affinity between the natural and the spiritual order."[24]

text: Themes[edit]

text: A number of parables which are adjacent in one or more gospels have similar themes. The parable of the Leaven follows the parable of the Mustard Seed in Matthew and Luke, and shares the theme of the Kingdom of Heaven growing from small beginnings.[25] The parable of the Hidden Treasure and parable of the Pearl form a pair illustrating the great value of the Kingdom of Heaven, and the need for action in attaining it.[26]

text: The parables of the Lost Sheep, Lost Coin, and Lost (Prodigal) Son form a trio in Luke dealing with loss and redemption.[27]

text: The parable of the Faithful Servant and parable of the Ten Virgins, adjacent in Matthew, involve waiting for a bridegroom, and have an eschatological theme: be prepared for the day of reckoning.[28] The parable of the Tares[29] the parable of the Rich Fool,[30] the parable of the budding fig tree,[31] and the parable of the barren fig tree[32] also have eschatological themes.

text: Other parables stand alone, such as the parable of the unforgiving servant, dealing with forgiveness;[33] the parable of the Good Samaritan, dealing with practical love;[34] and the parable of the Friend at Night, dealing with persistence in prayer.[35]

text: Parables of the Kingdom of Heaven: hearing, seeking, and growing[edit]

text:
Sower
Hidden Treasure
Pearl
Growing Seed
Mustard Seed
Leaven

text: Parables of loss and redemption[edit]

text:
Lost Sheep
Lost Coin
Prodigal (Lost) Son

text: Parables about love and forgiveness[edit]

text:
Good Samaritan
Two Debtors
Unforgiving Servant

text: Parables about prayer[edit]

text:
Friend at Night
Unjust Judge
Pharisee & Publican

text: Parables about eschatology[edit]

text:
Faithful Servant
Ten Virgins
Great Banquet
Rich Fool
Wicked Husbandmen
Tares

The Net
Budding Fig Tree
Barren Fig Tree

text: Other parables[edit]

text:
Wise & Foolish Builders
Lamp under a Bushel
Unjust Steward
Rich Man and Lazarus
Talents (Minas)
Parable of the Tenants

text: Art[edit]

text: Of the thirty or so parables in the canonical Gospels, four were shown in medieval art almost to the exclusion of the others, but not mixed in with the narrative scenes of the Life of Christ. These were: the Ten Virgins, the Rich man and Lazarus, the Prodigal Son and the Good Samaritan.[36] Artists famous for depicting parables include Martin Schongauer, Pieter the Elder Bruegal and Albrecht Dürer. The Workers in the Vineyard also appears in Early Medieval works. From the Renaissance the numbers shown widened slightly, and the various scenes of the Prodigal Son became the clear favorite, with the Good Samaritan also popular. Albrecht Dürer made a famous engraving of the Prodigal Son amongst the pigs (1496), a popular subject in the Northern Renaissance, and Rembrandt depicted the story several times, although at least one of his works, The Prodigal Son in the Tavern, a portrait of himself as the Son, revelling with his wife, is like many artists' depictions, a way of dignifying a genre tavern scene. His late Return of the Prodigal Son (Hermitage Museum, St Petersburg) is one of his most popular works.

text: Poetry and hymns[edit]

text: As well as being depicted in art and discussed in prose, a number of parables form the inspiration for religious poetry and hymns. For example, the hymn "The Ninety and Nine" by Elizabeth C. Clephane (1868) is inspired by the parable of the Lost Sheep:

text:
There were ninety and nine that safely lay
In the shelter of the fold.
But one was out on the hills away,
Far off from the gates of gold.
Away on the mountains wild and bare.
Away from the tender Shepherd’s care.
Away from the tender Shepherd’s care.[37]

text: Similarly, "My Hope Is Built" (Edward Mote, c. 1834) is inspired by the parable of the Wise and the Foolish Builders, and "How Kind the Good Samaritan" (John Newton, c. 1779) is inspired by the parable of the Good Samaritan.

text: Harmony of parables[edit]

text: A sample Gospel harmony for the parables based on the list of key episodes in the Canonical Gospels is presented in the table below. For the sake of consistency, this table is automatically sub-selected from the main harmony table in the Gospel harmony article, based on the list of key episodes in the Canonical Gospels. Usually, no parables are associated with the Gospel of John, just allegories.[16]

text:
Number
Event
Matthew
Mark
Luke
John

1
The Growing Seed

Mark 4:26–29

2
The Two Debtors

Luke 7:41–43

3
The Lamp under a Bushel
Matthew 5:14–15
Mark 4:21–25
Luke 8:16–18

4
Parable of the Good Samaritan

Luke 10:25–37

5
The Friend at Night

Luke 11:5–8

6
The Rich Fool

Luke 12:16–21

7
The Wise and the Foolish Builders
Matthew 7:24–27

Luke 6:46–49

8
New Wine into Old Wineskins
Matthew 9:16–17
Mark 2:21–22
Luke 5:37–39

9
Parable of the strong man
Matthew 12:29–29
Mark 3:27–27
Luke 11:21–22

10
Parable of the Sower
Matthew 13:3–9
Mark 4:3–9
Luke 8:5–8

11
The Tares
Matthew 13:24–30

12
The Barren Fig Tree

Luke 13:6–9

13
Parable of the Mustard Seed
Matthew 13:31–32
Mark 4:30–32
Luke 13:18–19

14
The Leaven
Matthew 13:33–33

Luke 13:20–21

15
Parable of the Pearl
Matthew 13:45–46

16
Drawing in the Net
Matthew 13:47–50

17
The Hidden Treasure
Matthew 13:44

18
Counting the Cost

Luke 14:28–33

19
The Lost Sheep frequently called The Good Shepherd
Matthew 18:10–14

Luke 15:4–6

20
The Unforgiving Servant
Matthew 18:23–35

21
The Lost Coin

Luke 15:8–9

22
Parable of the Prodigal Son

Luke 15:11–32

23
The Unjust Steward

Luke 16:1–13

24
Rich man and Lazarus

Luke 16:19–31

25
The Master and Servant

Luke 17:7–10

26
The Unjust Judge

Luke 18:1–8

27
Pharisees and the Publican

Luke 18:9–14

28
The Workers in the Vineyard
Matthew 20:1–16

29
The Two Sons
Matthew 21:28–32

30
The Wicked Husbandmen
Matthew 21:33–41
Mark 12:1–9
Luke 20:9–16

31
The Great Banquet
Matthew 22:1–14

Luke 14:15–24

32
The Budding Fig Tree
Matthew 24:32–35
Mark 13:28–31
Luke 21:29–33

33
The Faithful Servant
Matthew 24:42–51
Mark 13:34–37
Luke 12:35–48

34
The Ten Virgins
Matthew 25:1–13

35
The Talents or Minas
Matthew 25:14–30

Luke 19:12–27

36
The Sheep and the Goats
Matthew 25:31–46

37
Parable of the Wedding Feast

Luke 14:7–14

text: Parallels outside the canonical gospels[edit]

text: A number of parables have parallels in non-canonical gospels, the Didache, and the letters of Apostolic Fathers. However, given that the non-canonical gospels generally have no time sequence, this table is not a Gospel harmony.

text:
#
Parable
Matthew
Mark
Luke
Other parallels[38][39][40]

1
Parable of the Sower
Matthew 13:1–23
Mark 04:1–25
Luke 08:04–18
Thomas 9
1 Clement 24:5

2
Parable of the Tares
Matthew 13:24–53

Thomas 57

3
Parable of the Growing Seed

Mark 04:26–34

Thomas 21

4
Parable of the Hidden Treasure
Matthew 13:44

Thomas 109

5
Parable of the Pearl
Matthew 13:45

Thomas 76

6
Parable of Drawing in the Net
Matthew 13:47–53

Thomas 8

7
Parable of the Rich Fool

Luke 12:16–21
Thomas 63

8
Parable of the Faithful Servant
Matthew 24:42–51
Mark 13:33–37
Luke 12:35–48
Thomas 103
Didache 16:1a

9
Parable of the Mustard Seed
Matthew 13:31–32
Mark 4:30–32
Luke 13:18–19
Thomas 20

10
Parable of the Leaven
Matthew 13:33

Luke 13:20–21
Thomas 96

11
Parable of the Lost Sheep
Matthew 18:12–14

Luke 15:01–7
Thomas 107
Gospel of Truth 31–32

12
Parable of the Wicked Husbandmen
Matthew 21:33–46
Mark 12:1–12
Luke 20:9–19
Thomas 65

13
Parable of the talents or minas
Matthew 25:14–30

Luke 19:13–24
Nazoraeans 18

14
Parable of the great banquet
Matthew 22:1–14

Luke 14:15–24
Thomas 64

15
Parable of the strong man
Matthew 12:29–29
Mark 3:27–27
Luke 11:21–22
Thomas 35