document_title: Mary Poppins (film)

question_text: who plays the bank manager in mary poppins

text: Mary Poppins (film)

text: Plot[edit]

text: In Edwardian London, 1910, Bert entertains a crowd as a one-man band when he senses a change in the wind. Afterwards, he directly addresses the audience, and gives them a tour of Cherry Tree Lane, stopping outside the Banks family’s home. George Banks returns home to learn from Winifred that Katie Nanna has left their service after Jane and Michael ran away again. They are returned shortly after by Constable Jones, who reveals the children were chasing a lost kite. The children ask him to help build a better kite, but he dismisses them. Taking it upon himself to hire a new nanny, Mr. Banks advertises for a stern, no-nonsense nanny. Instead, Jane and Michael present their own advertisement for a kinder, sweeter nanny. But once Mr. Banks rips up the letter, and throws the scraps in the fireplace, the remains of the advertisement magically float up, and out into the air.

text: The next day finds a number of elderly, sour-faced nannies waiting outside. Then, a strong gust of wind blows them away, and Jane and Michael witness a young nanny descending from the sky using her umbrella. Presenting herself to Mr. Banks, Mary Poppins calmly produces the children's restored advertisement, and agrees with its requests, but promises the astonished banker she will be firm with his children. As Mr Banks puzzles over the advertisement's return, Mary Poppins hires herself, and convinces him it was originally his idea. She meets the children, then helps them tidy their nursery through song, before heading out for a walk in the park.

text: Outside, they meet Bert, working as a screever; Mary Poppins uses her magic to transport the group into one of the drawings. While the children ride on a carousel, Mary Poppins and Bert go on a leisurely stroll, and are served tea by a quartet of penguin waiters. Mary Poppins enchants the carousel horses, and participates in a horse race, which she wins. While being asked to describe her victory, Mary Poppins announces the nonsense word "Supercalifragilisticexpialidocious". However, the outing is ruined when a thunderstorm demolishes Bert's drawings, returning the group to London.

text: On another outing, the four meet Uncle Albert, who has floated up in the air due to his uncontrollable laughter; they join him for a tea party on the ceiling, telling jokes.

text: Mr. Banks becomes annoyed by his family’s cheery atmosphere, and threatens to fire Mary Poppins. Instead, Mary Poppins inverts his attempt by convincing him to take the children to the bank for a day. Mr. Banks takes Jane and Michael to the bank, where they meet Mr. Dawes Sr. and his son. Mr. Dawes aggressively attempts to have Michael invest his tuppence in the bank, snatching it from him. Michael demands it back, causing other customers to misinterpret, and all demand their own money back, causing a bank run.

text: Jane and Michael flee the bank, getting lost in the East End until they run into Bert, now working as a chimney sweep, who escorts them home. The three and Mary Poppins venture onto the rooftops, where they have a song-and-dance number with other chimney sweeps. Then, Mr. Banks returns home, receives a phone call from his employers, and speaks with Bert, who tells him he should spend more time with his children before growing up. Jane and Michael give their father Michael's tuppence in the hope to make amends.

text: Mr. Banks walks through London to the bank, where he is given a humiliating cashiering, and is dismissed. Looking to the tuppence for words, he blurts out "Supercalifragilisticexpialidocious!", tells one of Uncle Albert's jokes, and happily heads home. Dawes mulls over the joke, but finally "gets" it, and floats up into the air, laughing.

text: The next day, the wind changes, meaning Mary Poppins must leave. A happier Mr. Banks is found at home, having fixed his children's kite, and takes the family out to fly it. In the park, the Banks meet Mr. Dawes Jr, who reveals his father died laughing from the joke, and re-employs Mr. Banks as a junior partner. With her work done, Mary Poppins flies away, with Bert bidding her farewell, telling her not to stay away too long.

text: Cast[edit]

text:
Julie Andrews as Mary Poppins, a magical and loving woman who descends down from the clouds in response to the Banks children's advertisement for a nanny. She is not only firm in her use of authority but gentle and kind as well, a major departure from the original books, in which the character was strict and pompous.[6]
Dick Van Dyke as Bert, a cockney jack-of-all-trades and Mary Poppins's closest friend, who is completely accustomed to her magic. Their playful interactions imply that they have known each other for a long time and that this kind of story has repeated itself many times. Bert has at least four jobs throughout the film: a one-man band, a pavement chalk artist, a chimney sweep, and a kite seller.

Dick Van Dyke also portrays Mr. Dawes Sr., the old director of the bank where Mr. Banks works. During the film's end titles, "Navckid Keyd", an anagram of Dick Van Dyke, is first credited as playing the role before the letters unscramble to reveal Van Dyke's name.

David Tomlinson as George Banks, Mary Poppins' employer and father of Jane and Michael. He works at the Dawes Tomes Mousley Grubbs Fidelity Fiduciary Bank in London. He is a driven and disciplined man.
Glynis Johns as Winifred Banks, the easily distracted wife of George Banks and the mother of Jane and Michael. She is depicted as a member of Emmeline Pankhurst's "Votes for Women" suffragette movement. Mrs. Banks was originally named Cynthia, but this was changed to the more English-sounding Winifred per Travers.[7]
Hermione Baddeley as Ellen, the maid of the Banks residence.
Karen Dotrice as Jane Banks.
Matthew Garber as Michael Banks.
Elsa Lanchester as Katie Nanna, the disgruntled nanny who quits the Banks family.
Arthur Treacher as Constable Jones, a police officer.
Reginald Owen as Admiral Boom, the Banks' eccentric neighbor and a naval officer. He has his first mate, Mr. Binnacle, fire a cannon from his roof every 8 a.m. and 6 p.m.
Ed Wynn as Uncle Albert, a jolly gentleman who suffers from an unknown condition where he floats in the air during fits of uncontrollable laughter. Although he likes having company over, he becomes very sad and cries when his guests have to leave (he falls back to the ground, since it is the inversion of laughing).
Reta Shaw as Mrs. Brill, the cook of the Banks residence.
Don Barclay as Mr. Binnacle, Admiral Boom's first mate.
Marjorie Bennett as Miss Lark, owner of the dog named Andrew, who frequently runs away.
Arthur Malet as Mr. Dawes Jr., the director's son and member of the board.
Jane Darwell as the "Bird Woman," an old woman who sells breadcrumbs for the pigeons on the steps of St Paul's Cathedral.
Marjorie Eaton as Miss Maya Persimmon.
Jimmy Logan as a doorman who chases after the children in the bank.
Alma Lawton as Mrs. Corry, an old shopkeeper of a gingerbread shop and mother of two daughters.
Betty Lou Gerson as Old Crone (uncredited)
Kay E. Kuter as Man in Bank (uncredited)
Doris Lloyd as Depositor (uncredited)
Queenie Leonard as Depositor (uncredited)

text: Voices[edit]

text:
Julie Andrews as Robin, Female Pearly
Marc Breaux as Cow
Daws Butler as Penguin Waiter, Turtles
Peter Ellenshaw as Penguin Waiter
Paul Frees as Barnyard Horse
Bill Lee as Ram
Sean McClory as Bloodhound, Reporter #4
Dallas McKennon as Fox, Bloodhound, Penguin Waiter, Horse, Carousel Guard
Alan Napier as Huntsman, Reporter #3, Bloodhound
Marni Nixon as Geese
J. Pat O'Malley as Bloodhound, Hunting Horse, Master of Hounds, Pearly Drummer, Penguin Waiter, Photographer, Reporter #2
George Pelling as Bloodhound, Reporter #1
Thurl Ravenscroft as Hog, Andrew's Whimper
Richard M. Sherman as Penguin Waiter, Male Pearly
Robert B. Sherman as the "Bird Woman," Pearly Banjo Player
David Tomlinson as Penguin Waiter, Jockey, Race Track Stewards, Mr. Binnacle, Mary Poppins' Parrot Umbrella[8]
Ginny Tyler as Lambs

text: Production[edit]

text: Development[edit]

text: The first book in the Mary Poppins book series was the film's main basis. According to the 40th Anniversary DVD release of the film in 2004, Disney's daughters fell in love with the Mary Poppins books and made him promise to make a film based on them. Disney first attempted to purchase the film rights to Mary Poppins from P. L. Travers as early as 1938 but was rebuffed because Travers did not believe a film version of her books would do justice to her creation. In addition, Disney was known at the time primarily as a producer of cartoons and had yet to produce any major live-action work. For more than 20 years, Disney periodically made efforts to convince Travers to allow him to make a Poppins film. He finally succeeded in 1961, although Travers demanded and got script approval rights. The Sherman Brothers composed the music score and were also involved in the film's development, suggesting the setting be changed from the 1930s to the Edwardian era. Pre-production and song composition took about two years.

text: Pre-production[edit]

text: Travers was an adviser to the production. However, she disapproved of the dilution of the harsher aspects of Mary Poppins' character, felt ambivalent about the music, and so hated the use of animation that she ruled out any further adaptations of the later Mary Poppins novels.[9] She objected to a number of elements that actually made it into the film. Rather than original songs, she wanted the soundtrack to feature known standards of the Edwardian period in which the story is set. She also objected to the animated sequence. Disney overruled her, citing contract stipulations that he had final say on the finished print. Much of the Travers-Disney correspondence is part of the Travers collection of papers in the Mitchell Library of New South Wales, Australia. The relationship between Travers and Disney is detailed in Mary Poppins She Wrote, a biography of Travers, by Valerie Lawson. The biography is the basis for two documentaries on Travers, The Real Mary Poppins, and Lisa Matthews' The Shadow of Mary Poppins.[10][11][12] Their relationship during the development of the film was also dramatized in the 2013 film, Saving Mr. Banks.

text: Casting[edit]

text: Julie Andrews, who was making her feature film acting debut after a successful stage career, got the prime role of Mary Poppins soon after she was passed over by Jack L. Warner and replaced with Audrey Hepburn for the role of Eliza Doolittle in his screen adaptation of My Fair Lady, even though Andrews had originated the role on Broadway.[13] When Disney first approached Andrews about taking on the role, Andrews was three months pregnant and therefore was not sure she should take it. Disney assured her that the crew would be fine with waiting to begin filming until after she had given birth so that she could play the part.[14] Julie Andrews also provided the voice in two other sections of the film: during "A Spoonful of Sugar," she provided the whistling harmony for the robin, and she was also one of the Pearly singers during "Supercalifragilisticexpialidocious." David Tomlinson, besides playing Mr. Banks, provided the voice of Mary's talking umbrella and numerous other voice-over parts (including that of Admiral Boom's first mate). During the "Jolly Holiday" sequence, the three singing Cockney geese were all voiced by Marni Nixon, a regular aural substitute for actresses with substandard singing voices. Nixon would later provide the singing voice for Hepburn in My Fair Lady and play one of Andrews' fellow nuns in The Sound of Music. Andrews later beat Hepburn for the Best Actress Award at the Golden Globes for their respective roles. Andrews would also win the Academy Award for Best Actress for her role. Hepburn did not receive a nomination. Richard Sherman, one of the songwriters, also voiced a penguin as well as one of the Pearlies.[15] Robert Sherman dubbed the speaking voice for Jane Darwell because Darwell's voice was too weak to be heard in the soundtrack. Sherman's voice is heard saying the only line: "Feed the Birds, Tuppence a bag."[16]

text: Disney cast Dick Van Dyke in the key supporting role of Bert after seeing his work on The Dick Van Dyke Show. After winning the role of Bert, Van Dyke lobbied to also play the senior Mr. Dawes, but Disney originally felt he was too young for the part. Van Dyke eventually won Disney over after a screen test.[17] Although he is fondly remembered for this film, Van Dyke's attempt at a Cockney accent is regarded as one of the worst film accents in history, cited as an example by actors since as something that they wish to avoid.[18] In a 2003 poll by Empire magazine of the worst film accents of all time, he came second.[19] Van Dyke claims that his accent coach was the Irish J. Pat O'Malley, who "didn't do an accent any better than I did".[20]

text: Filming[edit]

text: Filming took place between May and September 1963, with post-production and animation taking another 11 months.[21]

text: The film changed the book's storyline in a number of places. For example, Mary, when approaching the house, controlled the wind rather than the other way around. As another example, the father, rather than the mother, interviewed Mary for the nanny position. A number of other changes were necessary to condense the story into feature length. In the film, there are only two Banks children, Jane and Michael. The satirical and mysterious aspects of the original book gave way to a cheerful and "Disney-fied" tone. Mary Poppins' character as portrayed by Andrews in the film is somewhat less vain and more sympathetic towards the children compared to the rather cold and intimidating nanny of the original book. Bert, as played by Van Dyke, was a composite of several characters from Travers' stories. Travers demanded that any suggestions of romance between Mary and Bert be eliminated, so lyrics were written for "Jolly Holiday" that clearly indicated that their friendship was purely platonic; some subtle hints of romance, however, did remain in the finished film.

text: Music[edit]

text: Buena Vista Records released the original motion picture soundtrack on LP and reel-to-reel tape.[22] Due to time constraints, some songs were edited (such as "Step in Time" and "Jolly Holiday", "A Spoonful of Sugar"), while songs also featured introductory passages ("Supercalifragilisticexpialidocious") or completed endings ("Sister Suffragette", "Fidelity Fiduciary Bank", "A Man Has Dreams"). Written by Richard and Robert Sherman, the songs were inspired by Edwardian British music hall music.[23] The score won two Grammy Awards and two Academy Awards.[24][25]

text: Walt Disney Records re-issued the soundtrack in 1997, including a 16-minute track of unreleased songs and demo versions.[26] In 2004, as part of the 40th Anniversary (also called Special Edition), a 28-track disc (as part of a two-disc set) was released.[27] In 2014 (the 50th anniversary of the film's release), the soundtrack was released in a 3-CD edition as part of the Walt Disney Records The Legacy Collection series; this edition includes demos of many "lost" tracks.[28]

text: Soundtrack[edit]

text: All tracks are written by Richard M. Sherman and Robert B. Sherman.

text: Deleted songs[edit]

text: A number of other songs were written for the film by the Sherman Brothers and either rejected or cut for time. Richard Sherman, on the 2004 DVD release, indicated that more than 30 songs were written at various stages of the film's development. No cast recordings of any of these songs have been released to the public, only demos or later performances done by the songwriters — with the exception of the rooftop reprise of "Chim Chim Cher-ee" and the "smoke staircase yodel" mentioned below.

text:
"The Chimpanzoo", was originally to follow "I Love to Laugh" during the Uncle Albert "ceiling tea party" sequence, but it was dropped from the soundtrack just before Julie Andrews and company were to record it. The fast-paced number was not unveiled to the public until Richard Sherman, aided by recently uncovered storyboards, performed it on the 2004 DVD edition. The re-creation suggests it was to have been another sequence combining animation and live action.
"Practically Perfect" was intended to introduce Mary but instead the melody of the piece was used for "Sister Suffragette" (used to introduce Mrs. Banks). A different song with the same name was written for the stage musical.
"The Eyes of Love", a romantic ballad intended for Bert and Mary, but according to Richard Sherman, Andrews suggested privately to Disney that this song was unsuitable. In response, "A Spoonful of Sugar" was written.
"Mary Poppins Melody" was to be performed when Mary introduces herself to the children. Elements of the song later became part of "Stay Awake". The melody was the basis for a couple of other songs that were ultimately cut from the film.
"A Name's a Name". Heard on a recording taken of a meeting between the Sherman Brothers and Travers, this song was originally intended for the nursery scene that later became "A Spoonful of Sugar". The melody was reused for "Mary Poppins Melody".
"You Think, You Blink" was a short piece that Bert was to sing just before entering the chalk painting (and starting the "Jolly Holiday" sequence). In the film, Dick Van Dyke simply recites the lyric instead of singing it.
"West Wind" was a short ballad to be sung by Mary. The song was later retitled "Mon Amour Perdu" and used in the later Disney film, Big Red.
"The Right Side" was to be sung by Mary to Michael after he gets out of bed cranky. It was recycled for the Disney Channel television series Welcome to Pooh Corner as Winnie the Pooh's personal theme song.
"Measure Up" was to accompany the scene in which Mary takes the tape measure to Jane and Michael.
"Admiral Boom" was to be the theme song for the cannon-firing neighbor of the Banks Residence, but it was cut by Walt Disney as being unnecessary. The melody of the song remains in the film, and the bombastic theme is heard whenever Boom appears onscreen. One line from this song ("The whole world takes its time from Greenwich, but Greenwich, they say, takes its time from Admiral Boom!") is spoken by Bert early in the film.
"Sticks, Paper and Strings" was an early version of "Let's Go Fly a Kite."
"Lead the Righteous Life", an intentionally poorly written hymn, was to have been sung by Katie Nanna (Elsa Lanchester) along with Jane and Michael prior to Mary Poppins' arrival. The melody was later reused for a similar song in The Happiest Millionaire
"The Pearly Song" was not deleted per se but was instead incorporated into "Supercalifragilisticexpialidocious".

text: The Compass Sequence, a precursor to "Jolly Holiday", was to be a multiple-song sequence. A number of possible musical components have been identified:

text:
"South Sea Island Symphony"
"Chinese Festival Song"
"Tim-Buc-Too" – elements of this were reused for "The Chimpanzoo" which was also cut
"Tiki Town" – the melody was reused for "The Chimpanzoo"
"North Pole Polka"
"Land of Sand" – later rewritten as "Trust in Me" for the animated version of The Jungle Book
"The Beautiful Briny" – later used in Bedknobs and Broomsticks
"East is East" – another variation on the unused "Mary Poppins Melody".

text: Deleted scores and music[edit]

text:
The "Step in Time" sequence ends with the chimney sweeps being scattered by an onslaught of fireworks fired from Admiral Boom's house. In the final film, the scene plays out with sound effects and no music. The DVD release included the original version of the scene which was accompanied by a complex instrumental musical arrangement that combined "Step in Time", the "Admiral Boom" melody (see above), and "A Spoonful of Sugar". This musical arrangement can be heard on the film's original soundtrack.
Andrews recorded a brief reprise of "Chim Chim Cher-ee" which was to have accompanied Mary, Bert, and the children as they marched across the rooftops of London (an instrumental reprise of "A Spoonful of Sugar" was used as a march instead; however, Andrews and Dick Van Dyke can still be seen and heard singing a reprise of "Chim Chim Cher-ee" in that sequence, just before the other chimney sweeps appear for the "Step in Time" number).
The robin Mary Poppins whistles with in "A Spoonful of Sugar" originally sang a lyric as well.
Andrews also recorded a brief yodel which breaks into the first line of "A Spoonful of Sugar" which was to have been used to "activate" the smoke staircase prior to the "Step in Time" number. Although cut from the film, footage of Andrews performing this exists and was included on the 2004 DVD. The DVD also indicates that an alternate version of the yodel performed by Dick Van Dyke may also exist.

text: Release[edit]

text: Mary Poppins premiered on August 27, 1964, at Grauman's Chinese Theatre in Los Angeles.[21][29] Travers was not extended an invitation to the event, but managed to obtain one from a Disney executive. It was at the after-party that Richard Sherman recalled her walking up to Disney and loudly announcing that the animated sequence had to go. Disney responded, "Pamela, the ship has sailed," and walked away.[12]

text: Home media[edit]

text: Mary Poppins was first released in late 1980 on VHS, Betamax, CED and LaserDisc. On October 28, 1994, August 26, 1997, and March 31, 1998, it was re-released three times as part of the Walt Disney Masterpiece Collection. In 1998, this film became Disney's first DVD. On July 4, 2000, it was released on VHS and DVD as part of the Gold Classic Collection. On December 14, 2004, it had a 2-Disc DVD release in a Digitally Restored 40th Anniversary Edition as well as its final issue in the VHS Format. The film's audio track featured an "Enhanced Home Theater Mix" consisting of replaced sound effects (to make the soundtrack more "modern") and improved fidelity and mixing and some enhanced music (this version was also shown on 2006–2012 ABC Family airings of the movie.) On January 27, 2009, the film was released on DVD again as a 45th anniversary edition, with more language tracks and special features (though the film's "Enhanced Home Theater Mix" was not included.) Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment released the film on Blu-ray as the 50th Anniversary Edition on December 10, 2013.[30]

text: Reception[edit]

text: Critical reception[edit]

text: The film received universal acclaim from film critics.[31] Film review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes reports that 100% of critics gave the film a "fresh" rating, based on 44 reviews with an average score of 8.3/10. The site's consensus refers to it as "A lavish modern fairy tale celebrated for its amazing special effects, catchy songs, and Julie Andrews's legendary performance in the title role."[32]

text: Variety praised the film's musical sequences and the performances of Julie Andrews and Dick Van Dyke, in particular.[33] Time lauded the film, stating, "The sets are luxuriant, the songs lilting, the scenario witty but impeccably sentimental, and the supporting cast only a pinfeather short of perfection."[34]

text: Critic Drew Casper summarized the impact of Mary Poppins in 2011:

text: Disney was the leader, his musical fantasies mixing animation and truly marvelous f/x with real-life action for children and the child in the adult. Mary Poppins (1964) was his plum. ... the story was elemental, even trite. But utmost sophistication (the chimney pot sequence crisply cut by Oscared "Cotton" Warburton) and high-level invention (a tea party on the ceiling, a staircase of black smoke to the city's top) characterized its handling.[35]

text: Box office[edit]

text: The film earned $31 million in North American rentals during its initial run.[36] The film was re-released theatrically in 1973, in honor of Walt Disney Productions' 50th anniversary, and earned an estimated additional $9 million in North American rentals.[37] It was released once more in 1980 and grossed $14 million.[38] It returned a total lifetime rental of $45 million [39] to Disney from a gross of over $102 million from its North American theatrical releases.[3]

text: The film was the twentienth most popular sound film of the twentieth century in the UK with admissions of 14 million.[40]

text: The film was very profitable for Disney. Made on an estimated budget of $4.4–6 million,[2][41][42] it was reported by Cobbett Steinberg to be the most profitable film of 1965, earning a net profit of $28.5 million.[31][43] Walt Disney used his huge profits from the film to purchase land in central Florida and finance the construction of Walt Disney World.[44]

text: Accolades[edit]

text:
Awards

Award
Date of ceremony
Category
Recipients and nominees
Result

Academy Awards[25]
April 5, 1965
Best Picture
Walt Disney and Bill Walsh
Nominated

Best Director
Robert Stevenson

Best Actress in a Leading Role
Julie Andrews
Won

Best Adapted Screenplay
Don DaGradi and Bill Walsh
Nominated

Best Cinematography, Color
Edward Colman

Best Art Direction, Color
Carroll Clark, William H. Tuntke, Emile Kuri and Hal Gausman

Best Costume Design, Color
Tony Walton

Best Sound
Robert O. Cook

Best Film Editing
Cotton Warburton
Won

Best Visual Effects
Peter Ellenshaw, Eustace Lycett and Hamilton Luske

Best Original Song
"Chim Chim Cher-ee" – Richard M. Sherman and Robert B. Sherman

Best Score
Richard M. Sherman, Robert B. Sherman

Best Adaptation or Treatment Score
Irwin Kostal
Nominated

Golden Globe Awards[45]
February 8, 1965
Best Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy
Robert Stevenson, Walt Disney and Bill Walsh

Best Performance by an Actor in a Leading Role – Musical or Comedy
Dick Van Dyke

Best Performance by an Actress in a Leading Role – Musical or Comedy
Julie Andrews
Won

Best Original Score
Richard M. Sherman, Robert B. Sherman
Nominated

Grammy Awards[24]
April 13, 1965
Best Recording for Children
Richard M. Sherman, Robert B. Sherman, Julie Andrews, Dick Van Dyke, Glynis Johns, David Tomlinson, Ed Wynn
Won

Best Original Score Written for a Motion Picture or Television Show
Richard M. Sherman, Robert B. Sherman

New York Film Critics Circle[46]
January 23, 1965
Best Actress
Julie Andrews
Nominated

Directors Guild of America Award[47]

Outstanding Directorial Achievement in Motion Pictures
Robert Stevenson

Writers Guild of America Award[48]

Best Written American Musical
Don DaGradi and Bill Walsh
Won

text: Legacy[edit]

text: Mary Poppins is widely considered to be one of the greatest films of all time and Walt Disney's "crowning achievement".[49] It was the only film of Disney's to garner a "Best Picture" nomination at the Oscars in his lifetime.[50]

text: The film also inspired the eighth-season episode of The Simpsons entitled "Simpsoncalifragilisticexpiala(Annoyed Grunt)cious", featuring a parody of Mary called "Shary Bobbins" who helps out the Simpson family after Marge loses her hair due to stress, and spoofs of the songs "The Perfect Nanny", "A Spoonful of Sugar", "Feed The Birds" and "The Life I Lead".

text: Never at ease with the handling of her property by Disney or the way she felt she had been treated, Travers would never again agree to another Poppins/Disney adaptation. So fervent was Travers' dislike of the Disney adaptation and of the way she felt she had been treated during the production, that when producer Cameron Mackintosh approached her about the stage musical in the 1990s, she acquiesced on the condition that he used only English-born writers and no one from the film production were to be directly involved with creating the stage musical.[51]

text:
AFI's 100 Years...100 Songs:

"Supercalifragilisticexpialidocious" – #36

AFI's 100 Years of Musicals – #6[52]

text: Sequel[edit]

text: On September 14, 2015, it was reported that a new film was in development by Walt Disney Pictures. The film will take place 20 years after the first, featuring a standalone narrative based on the remaining seven books in the series. Rob Marshall has been hired to direct, while John DeLuca and Marc Platt will serve as producers.[53]


document_title: List of winners and shortlisted authors of the Booker Prize

question_text: who won the man booker prize in the year 2006

root

text: Shortlists[edit]

text: This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (April 2017) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

tag: table

text:
Year
Author
Title
Publisher
Chair
Judges

1969
P. H. Newby
Something to Answer For
Faber & Faber
n/a

David Farrer
Frank Kermode
Stephen Spender
Dame Rebecca West
W L Webb

Barry England
Figures in a Landscape

Nicholas Mosley
The Impossible Object

Iris Murdoch
The Nice and the Good

Muriel Spark
The Public Image

Gordon Williams
From Scenes Like These

1970
Bernice Rubens
The Elected Member
Eyre & Spottiswoode
n/a

Antonia Fraser
Ross Higgins
Richard Hoggart
Dame Rebecca West
David Holloway

A L Barker
John Brown's Body

Elizabeth Bowen
Eva Trout

Iris Murdoch
Bruno's Dream

William Trevor
Mrs Eckdorf in O'Neill's Hotel

Terence Wheeler
The Conjunction

1970

Awarded in 2010 as the
Lost Man Booker PrizeNote #A
J. G. Farrell
Troubles
Phoenix
n/a

Rachel Cooke
Katie Derham
Tobias Hill

Nina Bawden
The Birds on the Trees
Virago

Shirley Hazzard
The Bay of Noon
Virago

Mary Renault
Fire From Heaven
Arrow

Muriel Spark
The Driver's Seat
Penguin

Patrick White
The Vivisector
Vintage

1971
V. S. Naipaul
In a Free State
Deutsch
John Gross

Saul Bellow
John Fowles
Lady Antonia Fraser
Philip Toynbee

Thomas Kilroy
The Big Chapel
Faber & Faber

Doris Lessing
Briefing for a Descent into Hell
Jonathan Cape

Mordecai Richler
St. Urbain's Horseman
Weidenfeld & Nicolson

Derek Robinson
Goshawk Squadron
Heinemann

Elizabeth Taylor
Mrs. Palfrey at the Claremont
Chatto & Windus

1972
John Berger
G.
Weidenfeld & Nicolson
Cyril Connolly

George Steiner
Elizabeth Bowen

Susan Hill
The Bird of Night
Hamish Hamilton

Thomas Keneally
The Chant of Jimmie Blacksmith
Angus & Robertson

David Storey
Pasmore
Longman

1973
J. G. Farrell
The Siege of Krishnapur
Weidenfeld & Nicolson
Karl Miller

Edna O'Brien
Mary McCarthy

Beryl Bainbridge
The Dressmaker
Duckworth

Elizabeth Mavor
The Green Equinox
Michael Joseph

Iris Murdoch
The Black Prince
Chatto & Windus

1974
Nadine Gordimer
The Conservationist
Jonathan Cape
Ion Trewin

A. S. Byatt
Elizabeth Jane Howard

Stanley Middleton
Holiday
Hutchinson

Kingsley Amis
Ending Up
Jonathan Cape

Beryl Bainbridge
The Bottle Factory Outing
Duckworth

C. P. Snow
In Their Wisdom
Macmillan

1975
Ruth Prawer Jhabvala
Heat and Dust
John Murray
Angus Wilson

Peter Ackroyd
Susan Hill
Roy Fuller

Thomas Keneally
Gossip from the Forest
Collins

1976
David Storey
Saville
Jonathan Cape
Walter Allen

Mary Wilson
Francis King

André Brink
An Instant in the Wind
W. H. Allen

R. C. Hutchinson
Rising
Michael Joseph

Brian Moore
The Doctor's Wife
Jonathan Cape

Julian Rathbone
King Fisher Lives
Michael Joseph

William Trevor
The Children of Dynmouth
Bodley Head

1977
Paul Scott
Staying On
Heinemann
Philip Larkin

Beryl Bainbridge
Brendan Gill
David Hughes
Robin Ray

Paul Bailey
Peter Smart's Confessions
Jonathan Cape

Caroline Blackwood
Great Granny Webster
Duckworth

Jennifer Johnston
Shadows on our Skin
Hamish Hamilton

Penelope Lively
The Road to Lichfield
Heinemann

Barbara Pym
Quartet in Autumn
Macmillan

1978
Iris Murdoch
The Sea, the Sea
Chatto & Windus
Sir Alfred Ayer

Derwent May
P. H. Newby
Angela Huth
Clare Boylan

Kingsley Amis
Jake's Thing
Hutchinson

André Brink
Rumours of Rain
W. H. Allen

Penelope Fitzgerald
The Bookshop
Duckworth

Jane Gardam
God on the Rocks
Hamish Hamilton

Bernice Rubens
A Five-Year Sentence
W. H. Allen

1979
Penelope Fitzgerald
Offshore
Collins
Lord Briggs

Benny Green
Michael Ratcliffe
Hilary Spurling
Paul Theroux

Thomas Keneally
Confederates
Collins

V. S. Naipaul
A Bend in the River
Deutsch

Julian Rathbone
Joseph
Michael Joseph

Fay Weldon
Praxis
Hodder & Stoughton

1980
William Golding
Rites of Passage
Faber & Faber
David Daiches

Ronald Blythe
Margaret Forster
Claire Tomalin
Brian Wenham

Anthony Burgess
Earthly Powers
Hutchinson

Anita Desai
Clear Light of Day
Heinemann

Alice Munro
The Beggar Maid
Viking

Julia O'Faolain
No Country for Young Men
Viking

Barry Unsworth
Pascali's Island
Michael Joseph

J. L. Carr
A Month in the Country
Harvester

1981
Salman Rushdie
Midnight's Children
Jonathan Cape
Professor Malcolm Bradbury

Brian Aldiss
Joan Bakewell
Samuel Hynes
Hermione Lee

Molly Keane
Good Behaviour
Deutsch

Doris Lessing
The Sirian Experiments
Jonathan Cape

Ian McEwan
The Comfort of Strangers
Jonathan Cape

Ann Schlee
Rhine Journey
Macmillan

Muriel Spark
Loitering with Intent
Bodley Head

D. M. Thomas
The White Hotel
Gollancz

1982
Thomas Keneally
Schindler's Ark
Hodder & Staughton
John Carey

Paul Bailey
Frank Delaney
Janet Morgan
Lorna Sage

John Arden
Silence Among the Weapons
Methuen

William Boyd
An Ice-Cream War
Hamish Hamilton

Lawrence Durrell
Constance or Solitary Practices
Faber & Faber

Alice Thomas Ellis
The 27th Kingdom
Duckworth

Timothy Mo
Sour Sweet
Deutsch

1983
J. M. Coetzee
Life & Times of Michael K
Secker & Warburg
Fay Weldon

Angela Carter
Terence Kilmartin
Peter Porter
Libby Purves

Malcolm Bradbury
Rates of Exchange
Secker & Warburg

John Fuller
Flying to Nowhere
Salamander

Anita Mason
The Illusionist
Hamish Hamilton

Salman Rushdie
Shame
Jonathan Cape

Graham Swift
Waterland
Heinemann

1984
Anita Brookner
Hotel du Lac
Jonathan Cape
Professor Richard Cobb

Anthony Curtis
Polly Devlin
John Fuller
Ted Rowlands

J. G. Ballard
Empire of the Sun
Gollancz

Julian Barnes
Flaubert's Parrot
Jonathan Cape

Anita Desai
In Custody
Heinemann

Penelope Lively
According to Mark
Heinemann

David Lodge
Small World
Secker & Warburg

1985
Keri Hulme
The Bone People
Hodder & Stoughton
Norman St John-Stevas

Nina Bawden
J. W. Lambert
Joanna Lumley
Marina Warner

Peter Carey
Illywhacker
Faber & Faber

J. L. Carr
The Battle of Pollocks Crossing
Viking

Doris Lessing
The Good Terrorist
Jonathan Cape

Jan Morris
Last Letters from Hav
Viking

Iris Murdoch
The Good Apprentice
Chatto & Windus

1986
Kingsley Amis
The Old Devils
Hutchinson
Anthony Thwaite

Edna Healey
Isabel Quigley
Gillian Reynolds
Bernice Rubens

Margaret Atwood
The Handmaid's Tale
Jonathan Cape

Paul Bailey
Gabriel's Lament
Jonathan Cape

Robertson Davies
What's Bred in the Bone
Viking

Kazuo Ishiguro
An Artist of the Floating World
Faber & Faber

Timothy Mo
An Insular Possession
Chatto & Windus

1987
Penelope Lively
Moon Tiger
Deutsch
P. D. James

Selina Hastings
Allan Massie
Trevor McDonald
John B. Thompson

Chinua Achebe
Anthills of the Savannah
Heinemann

Peter Ackroyd
Chatterton
Hamish Hamilton

Nina Bawden
Circles of Deceit
Macmillan

Brian Moore
The Colour of Blood
Jonathan Cape

Iris Murdoch
The Book and the Brotherhood
Chatto & Windus

1988
Peter Carey
Oscar and Lucinda
Faber & Faber
The Rt Hon Michael Foot

Sebastian Faulks
Philip French
Blake Morrison
Rose Tremain

Bruce Chatwin
Utz
Jonathan Cape

Penelope Fitzgerald
The Beginning of Spring
Collins

David Lodge
Nice Work
Secker & Warburg

Salman Rushdie
The Satanic Verses
Viking

Marina Warner
The Lost Father
Chatto & Windus

1989
Kazuo Ishiguro
The Remains of the Day
Faber & Faber
David Lodge

Maggie Gee
Helen McNeil
David Profumo
Edmund White

Margaret Atwood
Cat's Eye
Bloomsbury

John Banville
The Book of Evidence
Secker & Warburg

Sybille Bedford
Jigsaw
Hamish Hamilton

James Kelman
A Disaffection
Secker & Warburg

Rose Tremain
Restoration
Hamish Hamilton

1990
A. S. Byatt
Possession: A Romance
Chatto & Windus
Sir Denis Forman

Susannah Clapp
A. Walton Litz
Hilary Mantel
Kate Saunders

Beryl Bainbridge
An Awfully Big Adventure
Duckworth

Penelope Fitzgerald
The Gate of Angels
Collins

John McGahern
Amongst Women
Faber & Faber

Brian Moore
Lies of Silence
Bloomsbury

Mordecai Richler
Solomon Gursky Was Here
Chatto & Windus

1991
Ben Okri
The Famished Road
Jonathan Cape
Jeremy Treglown

Penelope Fitzgerald
Jonathan Keates
Nicholas Mosley
Ann Schlee

Martin Amis
Time's Arrow
Jonathan Cape

Roddy Doyle
The Van
Secker & Warburg

Rohinton Mistry
Such a Long Journey
Faber & Faber

Timothy Mo
The Redundancy of Courage
Chatto & Windus

William Trevor
Reading Turgenev[1]
Viking

1992
Michael Ondaatje
The English Patient
Bloomsbury
Victoria Glendinning

John Coldstream
Valentine Cunningham
Dr Harriet Harvey Wood
Mark Lawson

Barry Unsworth
Sacred Hunger
Hamish Hamilton

Christopher Hope
Serenity House
Macmillan

Patrick McCabe
The Butcher Boy
Picador

Ian McEwan
Black Dogs
Jonathan Cape

Michèle Roberts
Daughters of the House
Virago

1993
Roddy Doyle
Paddy Clarke Ha Ha Ha
Secker & Warburg
Lord Gowrie

Professor Gillian Beer
Anne Chisholm
Nicholas Clee
Olivier Todd

Tibor Fischer
Under the Frog
Polygon

Michael Ignatieff
Scar Tissue
Chatto & Windus

David Malouf
Remembering Babylon
Chatto & Windus

Caryl Phillips
Crossing the River
Bloomsbury

Carol Shields
The Stone Diaries
Fourth Estate

1994
James Kelman
How late it was, how late
Secker & Warburg
Professor John Bayley

Rabbi Julia Neuberger
Dr Alastair Niven
Alan Taylor[2]
James Wood

Romesh Gunesekera
Reef
Granta Books

Abdulrazak Gurnah
Paradise
Hamish Hamilton

Alan Hollinghurst
The Folding Star
Chatto & Windus

George Mackay Brown
Beside the Ocean of Time
John Murray

Jill Paton Walsh
Knowledge of Angels
Green Bay

1995
Pat Barker
The Ghost Road
Viking
George Walden MP

Kate Kellaway
Peter Kemp
Adam Mars-Jones
Ruth Rendell

Justin Cartwright
In Every Face I Meet
Sceptre

Salman Rushdie
The Moor's Last Sigh
Jonathan Cape

Barry Unsworth
Morality Play
Hamish Hamilton

Tim Winton
The Riders
Picador

1996
Graham Swift
Last Orders
Picador
Carmen Callil

Jonathan Coe
Ian Jack
A. L. Kennedy
A. N. Wilson

Margaret Atwood
Alias Grace
Bloomsbury

Beryl Bainbridge
Every Man for Himself
Duckworth

Seamus Deane
Reading in the Dark
Jonathan Cape

Shena Mackay
The Orchard on Fire
Heinemann

Rohinton Mistry
A Fine Balance
Faber & Faber

1997
Arundhati Roy
The God of Small Things
Flamingo
Professor Gillian Beer

Rachel Billington
Jason Cowley
Jan Dalley
Professor Dan Jacobson

Jim Crace
Quarantine
Viking

Mick Jackson
The Underground Man
Picador

Bernard MacLaverty
Grace Notes
Jonathan Cape

Tim Parks
Europa
Secker & Warburg

Madeleine St John
The Essence of the Thing
Fourth Estate

1998
Ian McEwan
Amsterdam
Jonathan Cape
Douglas Hurd

Professor Valentine Cunningham
Penelope Fitzgerald
Miriam Gross
Nigella Lawson

Beryl Bainbridge
Master Georgie
Duckworth

Julian Barnes
England, England
Jonathan Cape

Martin Booth
The Industry of Souls
Dewi Lewis

Patrick McCabe
Breakfast on Pluto
Picador

Magnus Mills
The Restraint of Beasts
Flamingo

1999
J. M. Coetzee
Disgrace
Secker & Warburg
Gerald Kaufman

Shena Mackay
John Sutherland
Boyd Tonkin
Natasha Walter

Anita Desai
Fasting, Feasting
Chatto & Windus

Michael Frayn
Headlong
Faber & Faber

Andrew O'Hagan
Our Fathers
Faber & Faber

Ahdaf Soueif
The Map of Love
Bloomsbury

Colm Tóibín
The Blackwater Lightship
Picador

2000
Margaret Atwood
The Blind Assassin
Bloomsbury
Simon Jenkins

Professor Roy Foster
Mariella Frostrup
Caroline Gascoigne
Rose Tremain

Trezza Azzopardi
The Hiding Place
Picador

Michael Collins
The Keepers of Truth
Phoenix House

Kazuo Ishiguro
When We Were Orphans
Faber & Faber

Matthew Kneale
English Passengers
Hamish Hamilton

Brian O'Doherty
The Deposition of Father McGreevy
Arcadia

2001
Peter Carey
True History of the Kelly Gang
Faber & Faber
Kenneth Baker

Philip Hensher
Michèle Roberts
Kate Summerscale
Professor Rory Watson

Ian McEwan
Atonement
Jonathan Cape

Andrew Miller
Oxygen
Sceptre

David Mitchell
number9dream
Sceptre

Rachel Seiffert
The Dark Room
William Heinemann

Ali Smith
Hotel World
Hamish Hamilton

2002
Yann Martel
Life of Pi
Canongate
Lisa Jardine

David Baddiel
Russell Celyn Jones
Salley Vickers
Erica Wagner

Rohinton Mistry
Family Matters
Faber & Faber

Carol Shields
Unless
Fourth Estate

William Trevor
The Story of Lucy Gault
Viking

Sarah Waters
Fingersmith
Virago

Tim Winton
Dirt Music
Picador

2003
DBC Pierre
Vernon God Little
Faber & Faber
John Carey

A. C. Grayling
Francine Stock
Rebecca Stephens MBE
D. J. Taylor

Monica Ali
Brick Lane
Doubleday

Margaret Atwood
Oryx and Crake
Bloomsbury

Damon Galgut
The Good Doctor
Atlantic

Zoë Heller
Notes on a Scandal
Viking

Clare Morrall
Astonishing Splashes of Colour
Tindal Street

2004
Alan Hollinghurst
The Line of Beauty
Picador
Chris Smith

Tibor Fischer
Robert Macfarlane
Rowan Pelling
Fiammetta Rocco

Achmat Dangor
Bitter Fruit
Atlantic

Sarah Hall
The Electric Michelangelo
Faber & Faber

David Mitchell
Cloud Atlas
Sceptre

Colm Tóibín
The Master
Picador

Gerard Woodward
I'll Go to Bed at Noon
Chatto & Windus

2005
John Banville
The Sea
Picador
John Sutherland

Lindsay Duguid
Rick Gekoski
Josephine Hart
David Sexton

Julian Barnes
Arthur & George
Jonathan Cape

Sebastian Barry
A Long Long Way
Faber & Faber

Kazuo Ishiguro
Never Let Me Go
Faber & Faber

Ali Smith
The Accidental
Hamish Hamilton

Zadie Smith
On Beauty
Hamish Hamilton

2006
Kiran Desai
The Inheritance of Loss
Hamish Hamilton
Hermione Lee

Simon Armitage
Candia McWilliam
Antony Quinn
Fiona Shaw

Kate Grenville
The Secret River
Canongate

M. J. Hyland
Carry Me Down
Canongate

Hisham Matar
In the Country of Men
Viking

Edward St Aubyn
Mother's Milk
Picador

Sarah Waters
The Night Watch
Virago

2007
Anne Enright
The Gathering
Jonathan Cape
Howard Davies

Wendy Cope
Giles Foden
Ruth Scurr
Imogen Stubbs

Nicola Barker
Darkmans
Fourth Estate

Mohsin Hamid
The Reluctant Fundamentalist
Hamish Hamilton

Lloyd Jones
Mister Pip
John Murray

Ian McEwan
On Chesil Beach
Jonathan Cape

Indra Sinha
Animal's People
Simon & Schuster

2008
Aravind Adiga
The White Tiger
Atlantic
Michael Portillo

Alex Clark
Louise Doughty
James Heneage
Hardeep Singh Kohli

Sebastian Barry
The Secret Scripture
Faber & Faber

Amitav Ghosh
Sea of Poppies
John Murray

Linda Grant
The Clothes on Their Backs
Virago

Philip Hensher
The Northern Clemency
Fourth Estate

Steve Toltz
A Fraction of the Whole
Hamish Hamilton

2009[3]
Hilary Mantel
Wolf Hall
Fourth Estate
James Naughtie

Lucasta Miller
John Mullan
Sue Perkins
Michael Prodger

A. S. Byatt
The Children's Book
Chatto and Windus

J. M. Coetzee
Summertime
Harvill Secker

Adam Foulds
The Quickening Maze
Jonathan Cape

Simon Mawer
The Glass Room
Little, Brown

Sarah Waters
The Little Stranger
Virago

2010
Howard Jacobson
The Finkler Question
Bloomsbury
Andrew Motion

Rosie Blau
Deborah Bull
Tom Sutcliffe
Frances Wilson

Peter Carey
Parrot and Olivier in America
Faber & Faber

Emma Donoghue
Room
Picador

Damon Galgut
In a Strange Room
Atlantic Books

Andrea Levy
The Long Song
Hachette

Tom McCarthy
C
Jonathan Cape

2011
Julian Barnes
The Sense of an Ending
Jonathan Cape
Dame Stella Rimington

Matthew d'Ancona
Susan Hill
Chris Mullin
Gaby Wood

Carol Birch
Jamrach's Menagerie
Canongate

Patrick deWitt
The Sisters Brothers
Granta Books

Esi Edugyan
Half-Blood Blues
Serpent's Tail

Stephen Kelman
Pigeon English
Bloomsbury

A D Miller
Snowdrops
Atlantic Books

2012
Hilary Mantel
Bring Up the Bodies
Fourth Estate
Sir Peter Stothard

Dinah Birch
Dan Stevens
Amanda Foreman
Bharat Tandon

Deborah Levy
Swimming Home
And Other Stories/Faber & Faber

Alison Moore
The Lighthouse
Salt Publishing

Will Self
Umbrella
Bloomsbury

Tan Twan Eng
The Garden of Evening Mists
Myrmidon Books

Jeet Thayil
Narcopolis
Faber & Faber

2013
Eleanor Catton
The Luminaries
Granta
Robert Macfarlane

Martha Kearney
Stuart Kelly
Natalie Haynes
Robert Douglas-Fairhurst

NoViolet Bulawayo
We Need New Names
Chatto & Windus

Jim Crace
Harvest
Picador

Jhumpa Lahiri
The Lowland
Bloomsbury

Ruth Ozeki
A Tale for the Time Being
Canongate

Colm Tóibín
The Testament of Mary
Viking

2014
Richard Flanagan
The Narrow Road to the Deep North
Chatto & Windus
AC Grayling

Sarah Churchwell
Jonathan Bate
Dr Daniel Glaser
Dr Alastair Niven
Erica Wagner

Joshua Ferris
To Rise Again at a Decent Hour
Viking

Karen Joy Fowler
We Are All Completely Beside Ourselves
Serpent's Tail

Howard Jacobson
J
Jonathan Cape

Neel Mukherjee
The Lives of Others
Jonathan Cape

Ali Smith
How to Be Both
Hamish Hamilton

2015[4]
Marlon James
A Brief History of Seven Killings
Oneworld Publications
Michael Wood

John Burnside
Sam Leith
Frances Osborne
Ellah Wakatama Allfrey

Tom McCarthy
Satin Island
Jonathan Cape

Chigozie Obioma
The Fishermen
One

Sunjeev Sahota
The Year of the Runaways
Picador

Anne Tyler
A Spool of Blue Thread
Chatto & Windus

Hanya Yanagihara
A Little Life
Picador

2016
Paul Beatty
The Sellout
Oneworld Publications
Amanda Foreman

Jon Day
David Harsent
Olivia Williams
Abdulrazak Gurnah

Deborah Levy
Hot Milk
Hamish Hamilton

Graeme Macrae Burnet
His Bloody Project
Contraband

Ottessa Moshfegh
Eileen
Jonathan Cape

David Szalay
All That Man Is
Jonathan Cape

Madeleine Thien
Do Not Say We Have Nothing
Granta Books

2017[5]
George Saunders
Lincoln in the Bardo
Bloomsbury
Baroness Lola Young

Lila Azam Zanganeh
Sarah Hall
Colin Thubron
Tom Phillips

Paul Auster
4 3 2 1
Faber & Faber

Emily Fridlund
History of Wolves
Weidenfeld & Nicholson

Mohsin Hamid
Exit West
Hamish Hamilton

Fiona Mozley
Elmet
JM Originals, John Murray

Ali Smith
Autumn
Hamish Hamilton

text: Winners[edit]

text:
John Berger won with G in 1972.

Nadine Gordimer won with The Conservationist in 1974.

Salman Rushdie won with Midnight's Children in 1981.

J. M. Coetzee won with Life & Times of Michael K in 1983, and again with Disgrace in 1999.

Kazuo Ishiguro won with The Remains of the Day in 1989.

A. S. Byatt won with Possession in 1990.

Michael Ondaatje won with The English Patient in 1992.

Roddy Doyle won with Paddy Clarke Ha Ha Ha in 1993.

Arundhati Roy won with The God of Small Things in 1997.

Ian McEwan won with Amsterdam in 1998.

Margaret Atwood won with The Blind Assassin in 2000.

Yann Martel won with Life of Pi in 2002.

Alan Hollinghurst won with The Line of Beauty in 2004.

John Banville won with The Sea in 2005.

Kiran Desai won with The Inheritance of Loss in 2006.

Anne Enright won with The Gathering in 2007.

Eleanor Catton won with The Luminaries in 2013.

Richard Flanagan won with The Narrow Road to the Deep North in 2014.

Marlon James won with A Brief History of Seven Killings in 2015.

Paul Beatty won with The Sellout in 2016.

George Saunders won with Lincoln in the Bardo in 2017.

tag: ul


document_title: Ned Stark

question_text: when does sean bean die game of thrones

question_tokens: when does sean bean die game of thrones

text: Ned Stark

text: Character[edit]

text: Description[edit]

text: In A Game of Thrones (1996), Ned Stark is introduced as the virtuous and honorable patriarch of House Stark and the father of six children. The moral compass of the story, he is content to remain far from courtly intrigues[5] and is unwavering in his view of loyalty and honor.[6] His family name, Stark, serves as an indication of his resistance to moral compromise, but his boundaries are increasingly tested over the course of the novel.[6] Finding himself a key player in the escalating political intrigue of King's Landing, Ned struggles as his own sense of honor draws him into corrupt goings-on at court.[5][6] As the story progresses, he begins to see the importance of moral and practical compromises to achieve a just end, and is ultimately forced to choose between the safety of his family and doing what is right.[7]

tag: p

text: Sean Bean said of the character, "he’s a good man trying to do his best in the middle of this corruption, he’s a fish out of water, he’s used to being up north in Winterfell where people are pretty straight and pragmatic, and he comes down to a place where people are playing games and backstabbing … he’s a principled man who tries to hold things together. This is a journey that he makes where ultimately his loyalty causes his downfall."[8]

text: Development and overview[edit]

text: Publishers Weekly noted in 1996 that, despite the honest Ned Stark's intervention in court politics, "no amount of heroism or good intentions can keep the realm under control."[9] From his very first introduction, Ned is portrayed as a noble hero and set up to be the heart of the story. With fifteen chapters devoted to his point of view, more than any single character in the novel, he is presented as a primary character in the series, and the main storyline of A Game of Thrones, the drama in King's Landing, is told entirely from his perspective. In the London Review of Books, John Lanchester writes that everything about Ned is designed to gain audience sympathy, from his strong sense of honor and moral compass to his compassion towards his wife and children.[10] Readers are led to believe that Ned will be the main character of the series, but ultimately he is, from a literary perspective, a classic decoy protagonist. After struggling to keep himself and the kingdom on a moral path for the entire novel, the only option that remains to save his family is to put aside his honor; he does it, but is betrayed anyway.[7][11] Calling Ned's execution "shocking", The New York Times noted in 2011 that the novel was "famous for dispatching a thoroughly admirable major character with whom readers have been identifying for most of the book."[1] In an interview for Entertainment Weekly, author George R. R. Martin commented on this misdirection:

text: I knew it almost from the beginning. Not the first day, but very soon. I’ve said in many interviews that I like my fiction to be unpredictable. I like there to be considerable suspense. I killed Ned in the first book and it shocked a lot of people. I killed Ned because everybody thinks he’s the hero and that, sure, he’s going to get into trouble, but then he’ll somehow get out of it.[12]

text: David Benioff, executive producer and writer of the HBO adaptation, told Entertainment Weekly that when he read the novel:

text: I was in shock. From your training in seeing so many movies and reading books, you know your hero is going to be saved … Someone has something planned, because they’re not really going to chop off his head — right up until the moment when they chopped off his head. I was shocked, and then admiring of George’s ruthlessness. It’s a tough thing to build up a character and make somebody as memorable and impressive as Ned and then get rid of him. But at the same time it leads to a story that is so much more suspenseful because you truly have no idea what is going to happen and who is going to survive.[13]

text: In a review of the Game of Thrones TV episode "Baelor", James Poniewozik wrote in Time that "the execution of Eddard Stark is crucial to the story and its themes and everything that follows, but it’s also a meta-message to the reader: don’t take anything for granted here."[11] James Hibberd of Entertainment Weekly stated that tricking the audience into thinking Ned is the hero and then killing him makes the series' story better.[7] Writing that "the big twist here isn't that Ned Stark dies, but who the true protagonists of Game of Thrones are," Hibberd pointed out that the series' focus proves to be the "new generation" of leaders, in particular the Stark children but also Daenerys and even Tyrion.[14] He noted:

text: Ned Stark doesn't die in vain … It takes the Stark kids — who are all too young to face these responsibilities — and thrusts them into a struggle where they're forced to quickly grow as characters. Martin busts many cliches in his writing, but this move is traditional Heroes Journey stuff if you consider the kids to be the true protagonists of this story — only by sacrificing the fatherly mentor figure can our heroes come into their own.[14]

text: Storylines[edit]

text: Background[edit]

text: As established in A Game of Thrones, Eddard "Ned" Stark is the second son of Rickard Stark, the Lord of Winterfell. Years before the events of the novel, the quiet and shy young Ned is fostered in the Vale by Jon Arryn. During this time Ned becomes close friends with Robert Baratheon, heir to the Stormlands and another ward of Arryn's. Robert is eventually betrothed to Ned's sister Lyanna, but before he can marry her, Crown Prince Rhaegar Targaryen (who is already married and has two young children) absconds with Lyanna. Ned's father and older brother Brandon go to King Aerys II Targaryen and demand that Lyanna be freed; the so-called "Mad King" executes both Rickard and Brandon, convinced that the Starks seek to usurp him. Ned, Robert and Arryn then rise in revolt, securing the support of House Tully with Ned marrying Catelyn Tully. Ned leaves for war the next morning.

text: At the decisive Battle of the Trident, Robert manages to kill Prince Rhaegar and scatter the Targaryen army. Robert is injured in the battle, so Ned takes command and marches on the capital. In King's Landing, Ned finds that House Lannister has — through treachery — already sacked the city, and murdered Aerys and the royal family. Disgusted by the dishonorable massacre, Ned departs to lift the siege of the Baratheon stronghold Storm's End, and later attempts to rescue Lyanna but finds his sister dying; her last words are "Promise me Ned." Ned returns to Winterfell with his bastard son Jon Snow in tow; meanwhile Catelyn has delivered their son and Ned's heir, Robb, conceived on their wedding night.

text: Six years after the end of Robert's Rebellion, Balon Greyjoy, the Lord of the Iron Islands, declares independence from the Iron Throne. Ned aids King Robert in putting down "Greyjoy's Rebellion." Balon surrenders, and his sole surviving heir, Theon, is taken back to Winterfell as Stark's ward and hostage. Ned rules the North for nine more years before the events of the novel.

text: A Game of Thrones[edit]

text: As A Game of Thrones begins, Catelyn informs Ned that his mentor Jon Arryn has died, and that King Robert intends to offer Ned Jon's old position as Hand of the King. Content to be far from court intrigue, Ned is reluctant to accept the offer until he receives a letter from Arryn's widow, who believes that her husband had been poisoned by the Lannisters. Ned subsequently agrees to the appointment to protect Robert. He then travels south to King's Landing with his daughters Sansa and Arya. Catelyn later comes to the capital in secret, under the protection of her childhood friend Petyr "Littlefinger" Baelish, to tell Ned of an assassination attempt on their young son Bran. Ned's longstanding mistrust of the Lannisters is further fueled by Littlefinger's confirmation that the dagger used by the would-be assassin once belonged to Tyrion Lannister. Increasingly disgusted by the political intrigues at court, Ned finally resigns his position when Robert insists on having Aerys' only surviving child, the young Daenerys Targaryen, assassinated in exile. Meanwhile, Catelyn has taken Tyrion hostage at the Eyrie, and in retaliation Jaime Lannister attacks and seriously injures Ned in the street before he and his daughters can depart King's Landing. Visiting a wounded Ned, Robert reappoints him as Hand.

text: Ned eventually concludes that all of Robert's heirs with Cersei are illegitimate, the product of her incest with her twin brother Jaime. Further, Ned suspects that Arryn had been poisoned to conceal the truth. Ned confronts Cersei with his discovery and gives her the chance to escape with her children into exile. Before Ned can tell the king, Robert is fatally wounded while hunting and names Ned Protector of the Realm, to function as regent until his "son" Joffrey comes of age. Ned alters Robert's will, replacing Joffrey's name with "my rightful heir" to make the succession ambiguous. With the palace in chaos, Ned rebuffs multiple offers to increase his own power, instead opting to crown Robert's brother, Stannis Baratheon, as king. Cersei, however, outmaneuvers Ned, and the duplicitous Littlefinger has the city watch arrest Ned instead of Cersei. With all of his entourage slaughtered, Sansa a hostage and Arya escaped but alone, Ned is charged with treason. A deal is struck in which Ned will be spared and sent into exile if he declares Joffrey the rightful king. Fearing for his daughters, Ned makes a public confession of his "treason". The sadistic Joffrey, however, has Ned executed anyway.

text: Later novels[edit]

text: Ned's arrest pits the Stark and Lannister forces against each other, and his execution causes a civil war later called the War of Five Kings. Tyrion Lannister eventually returns Ned's bones to Catelyn, but it is not confirmed whether they ever arrived at Winterfell.

text: Family tree of House Stark[edit]

text:
[hide]

v
t
e

Descendants of Rickard Stark

Rickard[a]

Lyarra[b]

Brandon[a]

Catelyn
Tully[c]

Eddard[a]

Lyanna[a][d]

Benjen[a]

Robb[c]

Jeyne
Westerling[e]

Sansa[c]

Tyrion
Lannister[f]

Arya[c]

Brandon[c]

Rickon[c]

Jon
Snow[c][d]

Notes:

^ Jump up to: a b c d e Martin, George R. R. (1996). "Chapter 4: Eddard". A Game of Thrones. pp. 36–45. ISBN 978-0-553-89784-5.
Jump up ^ Martin, George R. R.; García Jr., Elio M.; Antonsson, Linda (2014). "Appendix: Stark Lineage". The World of Ice & Fire. ISBN 978-0-553-80544-4.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g Martin. "Appendix: House Stark". A Game of Thrones. pp. 785–786.
^ Jump up to: a b In the TV series Game of Thrones, Jon is the son of Rhaegar Targaryen and Lyanna
Jump up ^ Martin, George R. R. (2000). "Chapter 14: Catelyn". A Storm of Swords. pp. 192–193. ISBN 978-0-553-89787-6.
Jump up ^ Martin, George R. R. (2000). "Chapter 28: Sansa". A Storm of Swords. pp. 382–393. ISBN 978-0-553-89787-6.

text: TV adaptation[edit]

text: In January 2007 HBO secured the rights to adapt Martin's series for television.[15][16] When the pilot went into production in 2009, one of the first casting announcements was Sean Bean as the "lead" Eddard Stark.[17][18] As the show premiered in 2011, the Los Angeles Times called Bean's Ned "the strong and brooding headliner of the series."[5]

text: As in the source novel, Ned is beheaded in the ninth episode of season 1, "Baelor".[19] Though praising the character's demise for its role in propelling the story, James Hibberd of Entertainment Weekly later noted that:

text: This is probably the first time a U.S. drama series has ever killed off its main character in the first season as part of its master creative plan … it's just … not done. You don't cast a star, put him on bus stops and magazine ads marketing the show, get viewers all invested in his story, and then dump him nine episodes later just because it arguably makes the story a bit more interesting.[14]

text: Hibberd echoed the show's producers' statement that "the move lays down a dramatic precedent for the show: Nobody is safe."[14] He called it a "risky" move that would probably lose the show viewers who had tuned in for Bean, but would hopefully attract others impressed by the boldness of it.[20] Executive producer and writer D. B. Weiss told Entertainment Weekly in 2011 that when he and Benioff pitched the series to HBO, the fact that "main character" Ned was slated to die "was a selling point for them."[13] Noting that the network has killed off characters in other successful series, he said that this sense of jeopardy "completely ups the ante for any moment when a character is in a dire situation if you know another character didn't survive a similar situation."[13] HBO programming president Sue Naegle concurred, saying that Ned's death made the show creatively more attractive, adding that "The book series was filled with unexpected twists and turns. I loved this idea we'd bring together the group of characters, then once you started to believe all the tropes of heroes, you pull the rug out from under them. It's the opposite of feeling manipulated."[2] Noting that the story and world of the series is bigger than any one character, Naegle said, "Sean brings a giant following, but Thrones is not just about the promise you're going to see one of your favorite actors week in and week out. The star is the story."[2] Bean noted that Ned's death "was as much a surprise to me as anyone" and called it "a very courageous move for a television company."[8]

text: The image of Bean as Ned Stark sitting in the Iron Throne is featured on the covers of the 2011 Season 1 DVD and Blu-ray Disc sets, released in March 2012.[21][22]

text: Storylines[edit]

text: In season 1, King Robert Baratheon asks his old friend Eddard "Ned" Stark, Lord of Winterfell and Warden of the North, to assume the position of Hand of the King after the sudden death of their mentor, Jon Arryn. Not interested in politics or the intrigues of the court, Ned accepts out of duty, as well as to discover how Arryn died. Robert is killed just as Ned discovers that his three children by Cersei were actually fathered by the queen's twin, Jaime. Before Ned is able to neutralize Cersei and place Robert's brother Stannis on the throne, he is betrayed by Littlefinger, and the queen has him imprisoned for treason. Ned makes a public confession to save his daughters from Cersei's wrath, but Joffrey has Ned beheaded anyway.[23]

text: In the season 6 episode "Home", Bran sees a vision of Ned (Sebastian Croft) as a child with his sister and brother, Lyanna and Benjen.[24] In the following episode, "Oathbreaker", Bran witnesses the battle between a young Ned (Robert Aramayo) and the knight Ser Arthur Dayne at the Tower of Joy.[25] Finally, in the season finale episode "The Winds of Winter", Bran sees Ned reuniting with a dying Lyanna (Aisling Franciosi) in the tower. She makes him swear to protect her son—Jon Snow.[26][27][28]

text: Recognition and awards[edit]

text: Bean was nominated for a Saturn Award for Best Actor on Television,[29] a Scream Award for Best Fantasy Actor,[30] and an EWwy Award for Best Actor, Drama for the role.[31] IGN named Ned its Best TV Hero of 2011,[32] and Bean won the Portal Award for Best Actor.[33]