document_title: Composition of the human body

question_text: which element is most present in the human body

text: Composition of the human body

text: Major, minor and trace elements[edit]

text: Almost 99% of the mass of the human body is made up of six elements: oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, calcium, and phosphorus. Only about 0.85% is composed of another five elements: potassium, sulfur, sodium, chlorine, and magnesium. All 11 are necessary for life. The remaining elements are trace elements, of which more than a dozen are thought on the basis of good evidence to be necessary for life. All of the mass of the trace elements put together (less than 10 grams for a human body) do not add up to the body mass of magnesium, the least common of the 11 non-trace elements.

text: Other elements and questionable human-required elements[edit]

text: Not all elements which are found in the human body in trace quantities play a role in life. Some of these elements are thought to be simple bystander contaminants without function (examples: caesium, titanium), while many others are thought to be active toxics, depending on amount (cadmium, mercury, radioactives). The possible utility and toxicity of a few elements at levels normally found in the body (aluminium) is debated. Functions have been proposed for trace amounts of cadmium and lead, although these are almost certainly toxic in amounts very much larger than normally found in the body. There is evidence that arsenic, an element normally considered a toxic in higher amounts, is essential in ultratrace quantities, in mammals such as rats, hamsters, and goats.[1]

text: Some elements (silicon, boron, nickel, vanadium) are probably needed by mammals also, but in far smaller doses. Bromine is used abundantly by some (though not all) lower organisms, and opportunistically in eosinophils in humans. One study has found bromine to be necessary to collagen IV synthesis in humans.[2] Fluorine is used by a number of plants to manufacture toxins (see that element) but in humans only functions as a local (topical) hardening agent in tooth enamel, and not in an essential biological role.[citation needed]

text: Elemental composition list[edit]

text: The average 70 kg (150 lb) adult human body contains approximately 7027700000000000000♠7×1027 atoms and contains at least detectable traces of 60 chemical elements.[3] About 29 of these elements are thought to play an active positive role in life and health in humans.[4]

text: The relative amounts of each element vary by individual, mainly due to differences in the proportion of fat, muscle and bone in their body. Persons with more fat will have a higher proportion of carbon and a lower proportion of most other elements (the proportion of hydrogen will be about the same). The numbers in the table are averages of different numbers reported by different references.

text: The adult human body averages ~53% water. This varies substantially by age, sex, and adiposity. In a large sample of adults of all ages and both sexes, the figure for water fraction by weight was found to be 48 ±6% for females and 58 ±8% water for males.[5] Water is ~11% hydrogen by mass but ~67% hydrogen by atomic percent, and these numbers along with the complementary % numbers for oxygen in water, are the largest contributors to overall mass and atomic composition figures. Because of water content, the human body contains more oxygen by mass than any other element, but more hydrogen by atom-fraction than any element.

text: The elements listed below as "Essential in humans" are those listed by the (US) Food and Drug Administration as essential nutritients,[6] as well as six additional elements: oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen (the fundamental building blocks of life on Earth), sulfur (essential to all cells) and cobalt (a necessary component of vitamin B12). Elements listed as "Possibly" or "Probably" essential are those cited by the National Research Council (United States) as beneficial to human health and possibly or probably essential.[7]

text:
Atomic number
Element
Fraction of mass[8][9][10][11][12][13]
Mass (kg)[14]
Atomic percent
Essential in humans[15]
Negative effects of excess
Group

8
Oxygen
0.65
43
24
Yes (e.g. water, electron acceptor)[16]
Reactive oxygen species
16

6
Carbon
0.18
16
12
Yes[16] (organic compounds)

14

1
Hydrogen
0.10
7
62
Yes[16] (e.g. water)

1

7
Nitrogen
0.03
1.8
1.1
Yes[16] (e.g. DNA and amino acids)

15

20
Calcium
0.014
1.0
0.22
Yes[16][17][18] (e.g. Calmodulin and Hydroxylapatite in bones)

2

15
Phosphorus
0.011
0.78
0.22
Yes[16][17][18] (e.g. DNA and phosphorylation)
white allotrope highly toxic
15

19
Potassium
6997200000000000000♠2.0×10−3
0.14
0.033
Yes[16][17] (e.g. Na+/K+-ATPase)

1

16
Sulfur
6997250000000000000♠2.5×10−3
0.14
0.038
Yes[16] (e.g. Cysteine, Methionine, Biotin, Thiamine)

16

11
Sodium
6997150000000000000♠1.5×10−3
0.10
0.037
Yes[17] (e.g. Na+/K+-ATPase)

1

17
Chlorine
6997150000000000000♠1.5×10−3
0.095
0.024
Yes[17][18] (e.g. Cl-transporting ATPase)

17

12
Magnesium
6996500000000000000♠500×10−6
0.019
0.0070
Yes[17][18] (e.g. binding to ATP and other nucleotides)

2

26
Iron*
6995600000000000000♠60×10−6
0.0042
0.00067
Yes[17][18] (e.g. Hemoglobin, Cytochromes)

8

9
Fluorine
6995370000000000000♠37×10−6
0.0026
0.0012
Yes (AUS, NZ),[19] No (US, EU),[20][21] Maybe (WHO)[22]
toxic in high amounts
17

30
Zinc
6995320000000000000♠32×10−6
0.0023
0.00031
Yes[17][18] (e.g. Zinc finger proteins)

12

14
Silicon
6995199999999999999♠20×10−6
0.0010
0.0058
Possibly[7]

14

37
Rubidium
6994459999999999999♠4.6×10−6
0.00068
0.000033
No

1

38
Strontium
6994459999999999999♠4.6×10−6
0.00032
0.000033
——

2

35
Bromine
6994290000000000000♠2.9×10−6
0.00026
0.000030
——

17

82
Lead
6994169999999999999♠1.7×10−6
0.00012
0.0000045
No
toxic
14

29
Copper
6994100000000000000♠1×10−6
0.000072
0.0000104
Yes[17][18] (e.g. copper proteins)

11

13
Aluminium
6993870000000000000♠870×10−9
0.000060
0.000015
No

13

48
Cadmium
6993720000000000000♠720×10−9
0.000050
0.0000045
No
toxic
12

58
Cerium
6993570000000000000♠570×10−9
0.000040

No

56
Barium
6993310000000000000♠310×10−9
0.000022
0.0000012
No
toxic in higher amounts
2

50
Tin
6993240000000000000♠240×10−9
0.000020
6993600000000000000♠6.0×10−7
No

14

53
Iodine
6993160000000000000♠160×10−9
0.000020
6993750000000000000♠7.5×10−7
Yes[17][18] (e.g. thyroxine, triiodothyronine)

17

22
Titanium
6993130000000000000♠130×10−9
0.000020

No

4

5
Boron
6993690000000000000♠690×10−9
0.000018
0.0000030
Probably[7][23]

13

34
Selenium
6993190000000000000♠190×10−9
0.000015
6992450000000000000♠4.5×10−8
Yes[17][18]
toxic in higher amounts
16

28
Nickel
6993140000000000000♠140×10−9
0.000015
0.0000015
Probably[7][23]
toxic in higher amounts
10

24
Chromium
6992240000000000000♠24×10−9
0.000014
6992890000000000000♠8.9×10−8
Yes[17][18]

6

25
Manganese
6993170000000000000♠170×10−9
0.000012
0.0000015
Yes[17][18] (e.g. Mn-SOD)

7

33
Arsenic
6993260000000000000♠260×10−9
0.000007
6992890000000000000♠8.9×10−8
Possibly[1][7]
toxic in higher amounts
15

3
Lithium
6992310000000000000♠31×10−9
0.000007
0.0000015
Yes (intercorrelated with the functions of several enzymes, hormones and vitamins)
toxic in higher amounts
1

80
Mercury
6993190000000000000♠190×10−9
0.000006
6992890000000000000♠8.9×10−8
No
toxic
12

55
Caesium
6992210000000000000♠21×10−9
0.000006
6993100000000000000♠1.0×10−7
No

1

42
Molybdenum
6993130000000000000♠130×10−9
0.000005
6992450000000000000♠4.5×10−8
Yes[17][18] (e.g. the molybdenum oxotransferases, Xanthine oxidase and Sulfite oxidase)

6

32
Germanium

6994499999999999999♠5×10−6

No

14

27
Cobalt
6992210000000000000♠21×10−9
0.000003
6993300000000000000♠3.0×10−7
Yes (cobalamin, B12)[24][25]

9

51
Antimony
6993110000000000000♠110×10−9
0.000002

No
toxic
15

47
Silver
6992100000000000000♠10×10−9
0.000002

No

11

41
Niobium
6994160000000000000♠1600×10−9
0.0000015

No

5

40
Zirconium
6994600000000000000♠6×10−6
0.000001
6993300000000000000♠3.0×10−7
No

4

57
Lanthanum
6994137000000000000♠1370×10−9
6993800000000000000♠8×10−7

No

52
Tellurium
6993120000000000000♠120×10−9
6993700000000000000♠7×10−7

No

16

31
Gallium

6993700000000000000♠7×10−7

No

13

39
Yttrium

6993600000000000000♠6×10−7

No

3

83
Bismuth

6993500000000000000♠5×10−7

No

15

81
Thallium

6993500000000000000♠5×10−7

No
highly toxic
13

49
Indium

6993400000000000000♠4×10−7

No

13

79
Gold
6991300000000000000♠3×10−9
6993200000000000000♠2×10−7
6993300000000000000♠3.0×10−7
No
uncoated nanoparticles possibly genotoxic[26][27][28]
11

21
Scandium

6993200000000000000♠2×10−7

No

3

73
Tantalum

6993200000000000000♠2×10−7

No

5

23
Vanadium
6993260000000000000♠260×10−9
6993110000000000000♠1.1×10−7
6992120000000000000♠1.2×10−8
Possibly[7] (suggested osteo-metabolism (bone) growth factor)

5

90
Thorium

6993100000000000000♠1×10−7

No
toxic, radioactive

92
Uranium

6993100000000000000♠1×10−7
6991300000000000000♠3.0×10−9
No
toxic, radioactive

62
Samarium

6992500000000000000♠5.0×10−8

No

74
Tungsten

6992200000000000000♠2.0×10−8

No

6

4
Beryllium

6992360000000000000♠3.6×10−8
6992450000000000000♠4.5×10−8
No
toxic in higher amounts
2

88
Radium

6986300000000000000♠3×10−14
6983100000000000000♠1×10−17
No
toxic, radioactive
2

text: *Iron = ~3 g in men, ~2.3 g in women

text: Most of the elements needed for life are relatively common in the Earth's crust. Aluminium, the third most common element in the Earth's crust (after oxygen and silicon), serves no function in living cells, but is harmful in large amounts.[29] Transferrins can bind aluminium.[30]

text: Other elements[edit]

text: Of the 94 naturally occurring chemical elements, 60 are listed in the table above. Of the remaining 34, it is not known how many occur in the human body. For some of these elements, numbers for concentrations in various tissues or organs is available, typically from studies involving small population sample sizes.

text: Noble gases[edit]

text: Concentration of noble gases in whole blood.[31]

text:
Atomic number
Element
Fraction of volume
Atomic percent
Positive health role in mammals
Negative effects of excess
Group

2
Helium
6992370000000000000♠3.7×10−8

asphyxiant
18

10
Neon
6993137999999999999♠1.38×10−7

asphyxiant
18

18
Argon
6996229999999999999♠2.3×10−4

asphyxiant
18

36
Krypton
6993550000000000000♠5.5×10−7

asphyxiant
18

54
Xenon
6991969999999999999♠9.7×10−9

asphyxiant
18

86
Radon*
6981699999999999999♠7×10−19

highly radioactive
18

text: * hypothetical value for radon based on 10 Bq/m3 and 0.4 blood/air partition coefficient.[32]

text: Lanthanides[edit]

text: Of the seventeen rare-earth elements (REEs), fifteen belong to the lanthanide series. The other two, scandium and yttrium, are listed in the table above, as are three lanthanides: lanthanum, cerium, and samarium. Of the remaining twelve lanthanides, eleven are listed below. No information is available regarding the remaining lanthanide, the highly radioactive promethium.

text: Concentration of rare-earth elements / lanthanides in blood serum.[33]

text:
Atomic number
Element
g/ml−1 blood serum
Atomic percent
Positive health role in mammals
Negative effects of excess[34]
Group

59
Praseodymium
6989110000000000000♠11×10−12

low to moderate toxicity
n/a

60
Neodymium
6989337000000000000♠33.7×10−12

low to moderate toxicity
n/a

63
Europium
6989820000000000000♠82×10−12

comparable to other heavy metals
n/a

64
Gadolinium
6988720000000000000♠7.2×10−12

free ions highly toxic
n/a

65
Terbium
6988130000000000000♠1.3×10−12

low to moderate toxicity
n/a

66
Dysprosium
6988960000000000000♠9.6×10−12

mildly toxic when ingested
n/a

67
Holmium
6988255000000000000♠2.55×10−12

low acute toxicity
n/a

68
Erbium
6988950000000000000♠9.5×10−12

low to moderate toxicity
n/a

69
Thulium
6988169000000000000♠1.69×10−12

soluble salts slightly toxic in large amounts
n/a

70
Ytterbium
6989132000000000000♠13.2×10−12

all compounds highly toxic
n/a

71
Lutetium
6988246000000000000♠2.46×10−12

oxide powder is toxic
n/a

text: Platinum group metals (PGMs)[edit]

text: Concentration of platinum group metals in the blood.

text:
Atomic number
Element
g/ml−1 whole blood
g/ml−1 blood serum
Positive health role in mammals
Negative effects of excess
Group

44
Ruthenium[35]
6989540000000000000♠54×10−12
—

n/a

45
Rhodium[35]
6988900000000000000♠9×10−12
—

n/a

46
Palladium[36][37]
6989500000000000000♠50×10−12
—

small particles dissolve in biological media (gastric juice, blood serum) - long-term effects unknown[38]
n/a

76
Osmium[39][40]
—
6987400000000000000♠400×10−15–6987800000000000000♠800×10−15

oxidizes to highly poisonous Osmium tetroxide[41][42]
n/a

77
Iridium[36][37]
6987300000000000000♠300×10−15
—

n/a

78
Platinum[43]
<6987800000000000000♠800×10−15–6988690000000000000♠6.9×10−12
—

n/a

text: Essential elements on the periodic table[edit]

text: Periodic table highlighting dietary elements

text:
H

He

Li
Be

B
C
N
O
F
Ne

Na
Mg

Al
Si
P
S
Cl
Ar

K
Ca
Sc

Ti
V
Cr
Mn
Fe
Co
Ni
Cu
Zn
Ga
Ge
As
Se
Br
Kr

Rb
Sr
Y

Zr
Nb
Mo
Tc
Ru
Rh
Pd
Ag
Cd
In
Sn
Sb
Te
I
Xe

Cs
Ba
La
*
Hf
Ta
W
Re
Os
Ir
Pt
Au
Hg
Tl
Pb
Bi
Po
At
Rn

Fr
Ra
Ac
**
Rf
Db
Sg
Bh
Hs
Mt
Ds
Rg
Cn
Nh
Fl
Mc
Lv
Ts
Og

*
Ce
Pr
Nd
Pm
Sm
Eu
Gd
Tb
Dy
Ho
Er
Tm
Yb
Lu

**
Th
Pa
U
Np
Pu
Am
Cm
Bk
Cf
Es
Fm
Md
No
Lr

text:
The four organic basic elements
Quantity elements
Essential trace elements
Possible structural or functional role in mammals

text: Composition by molecule type[edit]

text: The composition of the human body is expressed in terms of chemicals:

text:
Water
Proteins – including those of hair, connective tissue, etc.
Fats (or lipids)
Hydroxylapatite in bones
Carbohydrates such as glycogen and glucose
DNA
Dissolved inorganic ions such as sodium, potassium, chloride, bicarbonate, phosphate
Gases such as oxygen, carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxide, hydrogen, carbon monoxide, methanethiol. These may be dissolved or present in the gases in the lungs or intestines. Ethane and pentane are produced by oxygen free radicals.[44]
Many other small molecules, such as amino acids, fatty acids, nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides, vitamins, cofactors.
Free radicals such as superoxide, hydroxyl, and hydroperoxyl.

text: The composition of the human body can be viewed on an atomic and molecular scale as shown in this article.

text: The estimated gross molecular contents of a typical 20-micrometre human cell is as follows:[45]

text:
Molecule
Percent of Mass
Mol.Weight (daltons)
Molecules
Percent of Molecules

Water
65
18
7014174000000000000♠1.74×1014
98.73

Other Inorganics
1.5
N/A
7012131000000000000♠1.31×1012
0.74

Lipids
12
N/A
7011840000000000000♠8.4×1011
0.475

Other Organics
0.4
N/A
7010770000000000000♠7.7×1010
0.044

Protein
20
N/A
7010190000000000000♠1.9×1010
0.011

RNA
1.0
N/A
7007500000000000000♠5×107
6995300000000000000♠3×10−5

DNA
0.1
7011100000000000000♠1×1011
46*
6989300000000000000♠3×10−11

text: Materials and tissues[edit]

text: Body composition can also be expressed in terms of various types of material, such as:

text:
Muscle
Fat
Bone and teeth
Nervous tissue (Brain and nerves)
Hormones
Connective tissue
Body fluids (blood, lymph, Urine)
Contents of digestive tract, including intestinal gas
Air in lungs
Epithelium

text: Composition by cell type[edit]

text: There are many species of bacteria and other microorganisms that live on or inside the healthy human body. In fact, 90% of the cells in (or on) a human body are microbes, by number[46][47] (much less by mass or volume). Some of these symbionts are necessary for our health. Those that neither help nor harm humans are called commensal organisms.


document_title: 1974 Miami Dolphins season

question_text: who was the quarterback for the miami dolphins in 1974

root

text: 1974 Miami Dolphins season

text: Offseason[edit]

text: NFL Draft[edit]

text:
1974 Miami Dolphins draft

Round
Pick
Player
Position
College
Notes

1
26
Don Reese
Defensive tackle
Jackson State

2
38
Andre Tillman
Tight end
Texas Tech

2
47
Benny Malone
Running back
Arizona State

2
52
Jeris White
Defensive back
Hawaii

3
78
Nat Moore *
Wide receiver
Florida

      Made roster    *   Made at least one Pro Bowl during career

tag: table

tag: p

text: Personnel[edit]

text: Staff[edit]

text:
1974 Miami Dolphins staff

Front office

President – Joe Robbie
Vice President – Don Shula
Director of Player Personnel – Bobby Beathard

Head coaches

Head Coach – Don Shula

Offensive coaches

Offense – Monte Clark
Offense – Bill McPeak
Offensive Backs – Carl Taseff
Receivers – Bob Schnelker

Defensive coaches

Defense – Vince Costello
Defensive Line – Mike Scarry
Defensive Backs – Tom Keane

text: Roster[edit]

text:
1974 Miami Dolphins roster

Quarterbacks

12 Bob Griese
15 Earl Morrall

Running backs

39 Larry Csonka
32 Hubert Ginn
21 Jim Kiick
32 Benny Malone
22 Mercury Morris

Wide receivers

82 Melvin Baker
86 Marlin Briscoe
89 Nat Moore
81 Howard Twilley
42 Paul Warfield

Tight ends

88 Jim Mandich

Offensive linemen

73 Norm Evans T
67 Bob Kuechenberg G
62 Jim Langer C
66 Larry Little G
77 Doug Crusan T
79 Wayne Moore T

Defensive linemen

83 Vern Den Herder DE
74 Randy Crowder DT
75 Manny Fernandez DT
72 Bob Heinz DT
65 Maulty Moore DT
84 Bill Stanfill DE

Linebackers

51 Larry Ball
58 Bruce Bannon
85 Nick Buoniconti
57 Mike Kolen
53 Bob Matheson
59 Doug Swift

Defensive backs

40 Dick Anderson SS
49 Charlie Babb SS
25 Tim Foley CB
45 Curtis Johnson CB
26 Lloyd Mumphord CB
13 Jake Scott FS
48 Henry Stuckey
41 Jeris White CB

Special teams

20 Larry Seiple P
1 Garo Yepremian K

Rookies in italics

text: Regular season[edit]

text: Schedule[edit]

text:
Game
Date
Opponent
Result
Dolphins points
Opponents
Record
Attendance

1
Sep 15
at New England Patriots
Loss
24
34
0–1

55,006

2
Sep 22
at Buffalo Bills
Win
24
16
1–1

80,020

3
Sep 29
at San Diego Chargers
Win
28
21
2–1

44,706

4
Oct 7
New York Jets
Win
21
17
3–1

60,727

5
Oct 13
at Washington Redskins
Loss
17
20
3–2

54,395

6
Oct 20
Kansas City Chiefs
Win
9
3
4–2

67,779

7
Oct 27
Baltimore Colts
Win
17
7
5–2

65,868

8
Nov 3
Atlanta Falcons
Win
42
7
6–2

64,399

9
Nov 10
at New Orleans Saints
Win
21
0
7–2

74,289

10
Nov 17
Buffalo Bills
Win
35
28
8–2

69,313

11
Nov 24
at New York Jets
Loss
14
17
8–3

57,162

12
Dec 2
Cincinnati Bengals
Win
24
3
9–3

71,962

13
Dec 8
at Baltimore Colts
Win
17
16
10–3

34,420

14
Dec 15
New England Patriots
Win
34
27
11–3

56,920

text: Standings[edit]

text:
AFC East

view
talk
edit

W
L
T
PCT
DIV
CONF
PF
PA
STK

Miami Dolphins
11
3
0
.786
6–2
9–2
327
216
W3

Buffalo Bills
9
5
0
.643
5–3
7–4
264
244
L2

New England Patriots
7
7
0
.500
4–4
4–7
348
289
L3

New York Jets
7
7
0
.500
4–4
5–6
279
300
W6

Baltimore Colts
2
12
0
.143
1–7
1–10
190
329
L4

text: Playoffs[edit]

text: AFC Divisional Playoff[edit]

text:
1
2
3
4
Total

Dolphins
7
3
6
10
26

Raiders
0
7
7
14
28

text: at Oakland Coliseum, Oakland, California

text:
Date: December 21, 1974
Game time: 4:00 p.m. EST/1:00 p.m. PST
Game attendance: 53,023
Referee: Ben Dreith
TV announcers (NBC): Curt Gowdy, Al DeRogatis and Don Meredith

tag: ul

text:
[show]Game information

Scoring

MIA – N. Moore 89 kickoff return (Yepremian kick) MIA 7–0
OAK – C. Smith 31 pass from Stabler (Blanda kick) 7–7
MIA – field goal Yepremian 33 MIA 10–7
OAK – Biletnikoff 13 pass from Stabler (Blanda kick) OAK 14–10
MIA – Warfield 16 pass from Griese (kick failed) MIA 16–14
MIA – field goal Yepremian 46 MIA 19–14
OAK – Branch 72 pass from Stabler (Blanda kick) OAK 21–19
MIA – Malone 23 run (Yepremian kick) MIA 26–21
OAK – Davis 8 pass from Stabler (Blanda kick) OAK 28–26


document_title: Are We Done Yet?

question_text: who plays chuck in are we there yet

question_tokens: who plays chuck in are we there yet

text: Are We Done Yet?

text: Plot[edit]

text: Following the events of Are We There Yet?, Nick Persons (Ice Cube) has married Suzanne (Nia Long) and moved in with her, Kevin (Philip Daniel Bolden), and Lindsey (Aleisha Allen) into his apartment, also purchasing a 2007 Cadillac Escalade (after he accidentally blew up his Lincoln Navigator SUV in the previous film by leaving the lighter unattended inside). He has also sold his sports memorabilia store to his best friend, Marty (played by Jay Mohr in the first film). The family has also got a Berger Picard and named it Coco. While getting ready for an interview with Magic Johnson, Suzanne tells Nick that she is pregnant and they later find out that there will be twins.

text: For more space, Suzanne and Nick go check out a house in the suburbs. They meet Chuck Mitchell Jr. (John C. McGinley) there, and after some talking, Nick decides to take the house. The family then packs up their things and moves into the house, with Lindsey and Kevin – mostly the former – being against it. However, he didn't get it inspected first and they find mold in the house, so Nick is angry with Chuck as he almost destroys their house. Meanwhile, Lindsey sneaks out to go to a party and when Nick finds out, he grounds her. He finally decides to fire Chuck, which causes Suzanne to take the kids and move into the guest house, with the parting shot, "You're the one who's tearing this family apart!" After taking some time to think, Nick decides to fix the house on his own and also to apologize to Chuck especially when he was told that Chuck lost his wife few years previously. Chuck responds by bringing his friends to help, including Lindsey and Kevin.

text: When Suzanne goes into labor with the hospital half an hour away, Nick, Kevin and Lindsey have to deliver the babies. Chuck tries to get there, but his truck breaks down and he power walks down to the house. While she's still in labor, Nick gets a call from Magic. After Suzanne gives birth to twins boys, the movie ends six months later with a big barbecue in their backyard at which Nick debuts his new magazine titled Are We Done Yet?, based on his experience building the house.

text: Cast[edit]

text:
Ice Cube as Nicholas "Nick" Persons
Nia Long as Suzanne Kingston-Persons
John C. McGinley as Chuck Mitchell Jr.
Aleisha Allen as Lindsey Kingston
Philip Daniel Bolden as Kevin Kingston
Tahj Mowry as Danny Pulu
Dan Joffre as Billy Pulu
Pedro Miguel Arce as Georgie Pulu
Linda Kash as Mrs. Rooney
Hayes MacArthur as Jimmy the Bartender
Colin and Gavin Strange as The Persons' Twins
Jonathan Katz as Mr. Rooney
Earvin "Magic" Johnson as Himself

text: The character "Marty" who was played by Jay Mohr in Are We There Yet? is absent from Are We Done Yet? but he is mentioned briefly. He later returns in Are We There Yet?, but is played by Christian Finnegan.

text: Release[edit]

text: The film made $58.4 million worldwide.[1] The film was released in the United Kingdom on June 8, 2007, and opened on #3, behind Oceans Thirteen and Pirates of the Caribbean: At World's End.[3]

text: Reception[edit]

text: The film holds an 8% approval rating on aggregate review site Rotten Tomatoes, based on ninety three collected reviews, and has an average score of 3.3 out of 10. The site's consensus reads: "Are We Done Yet? plays it way too safe with generic slapstick and uninspired domestic foibles."[4]

text: Metacritic gave the film a weighted average score of 36 out of 100, based on twenty one sampled reviews, indicating "generally unfavorable reviews."[5] The film was nominated for a Golden Raspberry Award for Worst Prequel, Remake, Rip-off or Sequel (lost to I Know Who Killed Me).[citation needed] Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "B" on an A+ to F scale.[6]


document_title: How to Train Your Dragon (film)

question_text: who plays spitelout in how to train your dragon

text: How to Train Your Dragon (film)

text: Plot[edit]

text: On Berk, a Viking village located on a remote island from which dragons periodically steal livestock, Hiccup, the lame, pathetic, useless and awkward fifteen-year-old son of the village chieftain, Stoick the Vast, works as a blacksmith's apprentice. As he is too small and weak to fight the dragons, he instead fashions mechanical devices under his apprenticeship with Gobber, the senior blacksmith, though his inventions often malfunction or backfire. During one attack, Hiccup shoots down a Night Fury, an extremely rare and dangerous dragon, with a bola launcher of his; he later finds it in the forest trapped in his bolas, but finding that he cannot bring himself to kill the dragon, he instead sets it free.

text: Stoick assembles a fleet to find the dragons' nest, entering Hiccup in a dragon-training class taught by Gobber. Hiccup returns to the forest to find the Night Fury still there; he realizes the dragon is unable to fly properly because of its crippled tail fin. Hiccup befriends the dragon, gradually taming it and giving it the name 'Toothless' due to its retractable teeth. Feeling guilty for crippling Toothless, Hiccup eventually makes a harness and prosthetic fin that allows him to guide the dragon in flight.

text: By observing Toothless's behavior, Hiccup becomes increasingly proficient in subduing the captive dragons during training nonviolently, earning him the admiration of his peers but causing Astrid, a tough Viking girl on whom Hiccup has a crush, to become increasingly suspicious of his behavior. Meanwhile, Stoick's fleet arrives home unsuccessful, though he is cheered by Hiccup's unexpected success in dragon training. Astrid eventually discovers that he is training Toothless. Hiccup takes her for a flight to demonstrate his relationship with the dragon before she can tell the village. Toothless unexpectedly takes the pair to the dragons' nest where they discover a gargantuan dragon named the Red Death,2 which eats the smaller dragons unless they bring it stolen livestock; the pair realize that the dragons have been attacking Berk under its control as opposed to of their own free will.

text: Back at the village, Hiccup, having won dragon training, is given the task of killing a captive Monstrous Nightmare dragon; he, instead, subdues it in front of his father and village instead of killing it in an attempt to prove that the dragons are harmless. However, Stoick inadvertently angers the dragon into attacking. Toothless attempts to protect Hiccup in the ensuing panic but is instead captured by the Vikings in the process. Hiccup accidentally reveals to Stoick that Toothless is capable of locating the dragons' nest; Stoick disowns his son and sets off for the nest with Toothless chained to the lead ship as a guide.

text: The Viking attack force locates and breaks open the dragon's nest, allowing most of the dragons to fly out but also awakening the Red Death, soon overwhelming the attack force. Hiccup, Astrid, and their fellow pupils fly in riding the training dragons from Berk, providing cover fire for the attack force and distracting the Red Death. Hiccup almost drowns trying to break Toothless free, but Stoick saves them both, reconciling with his son. Working together, Toothless and Hiccup destroy the Red Death; Hiccup, however, is injured in the fight, losing his lower left leg and requiring a prosthesis. Hiccup regains consciousness on Berk to find himself admired amongst the tribe and by Astrid, with the Vikings and the dragons now living in harmony.

text: Cast[edit]

text:
Jay Baruchel as Hiccup Horrendous Haddock III, the awkward son of Stoick the Vast.[2]
Gerard Butler as Stoick the Vast, the chieftain of Berk and Hiccup's father.[2]
Craig Ferguson as Gobber the Belch, Berk's blacksmith, a close friend of Stoick's and teacher of the tribe's young dragon-training recruits.[3][2]
America Ferrera as Astrid Hofferson, Hiccup's fellow student in dragon training and his crush.[2]
Christopher Mintz-Plasse as Fishlegs Ingerman, an enthusiastic youth knowledgeable in dragon lore which he often relates in role-playing game style.[4][2]
Jonah Hill as Snotlout Jorgenson, one of Hiccup's dragon-training classmates. Snotlout is brash, overconfident, and fairly unintelligent, but reliable.
T. J. Miller and Kristen Wiig as Tuffnut and Ruffnut Thorston, a pair of quarrelsome twins.
David Tennant as Spitelout, Snotlout's father.[5]

text: Production[edit]

text: The book series by Cressida Cowell began coming to attention to the executives at DreamWorks Animation in 2004. Coming off her success in Over the Hedge, producer Bonnie Arnold shortly became interested in the newly acquired property. She kept focusing on the project as time went on, and when DreamWorks Animation co-president of production Bill Damaschke asked her what she wanted to work on next, she chose “How to Train Your Dragon”.[6]

text: In initial development, the plot followed the original novel closely, but about halfway through production Chris Sanders and Dean DeBlois, the writer-directors of Disney's Lilo & Stitch, took over as co-directors and it was altered. The original plot was described as, "heavily loyal to the book", but was regarded as being too "sweet" and "whimsical" as well as geared towards a too-young demographic, according to Baruchel.[7] In the novel, Hiccup's dragon, Toothless, is a Common or Garden Dragon, a small breed. In the film, Toothless is a Night Fury, the rarest of all dragons, and is large enough to serve as a flying mount for both Hiccup and Astrid. The filmmakers hired cinematographer Roger Deakins (known for frequently collaborating with the Coen brothers) as a visual consultant to help them with lighting and overall look of the film and to "add a live-action feel".[7] Extensive research was done to depict both flight, as the directors knew they would be the biggest draw of the film's 3D effects, and fire, given animation could break away from the limitations seen in live-action films, where propane flames are usual due to being easier to extinguish. The dragons' design made sure to create animals that were comical and also innovative compared to other dragon fiction. Toothless in particular tried to combine various dragon traits in a black panther-inspired design, that also had large ears and eyes to convey emotion better.[8]

text: The directors made sure to cash in the improvisation abilities of the secondary cast—Christopher Mintz-Plasse, Jonah Hill, Kristen Wiig and T.J Miller—by frequently bringing them together in the recording sessions.[2]

text: Music[edit]

text: John Powell returned to DreamWorks Animation to score How to Train Your Dragon, making it his sixth collaboration with the studio, following his previous score for Kung Fu Panda (which he scored with Hans Zimmer). Powell composed an orchestral score, combining bombastic brass with loud percussion and soothing strings, while also using exotic, Scottish and Irish tones with instruments like the penny whistle and bagpipes. Additionally, Icelandic singer Jónsi wrote and performed the song "Sticks & Stones" for the film. The score was released by Varèse Sarabande on March 23, 2010.

text: Overall, the score was well received by film score critics. Powell earned his first Academy Award nomination for his work on the film, ultimately losing to Trent Reznor and Atticus Ross for their score for The Social Network.

text: Release[edit]

text: How to Train Your Dragon had its United States premiere on March 21, 2010, at the Gibson Amphitheatre in Universal City, California.[9] It was theatrically released on March 26, 2010, in the United States.[10] The film was digitally re-mastered into IMAX 3D, and released to 186 North American IMAX theatres, and approximately 80 IMAX theatres outside North America.[10]

text: Competition for 3D screens[edit]

text: A month before the release, DreamWorks Animation CEO Jeffrey Katzenberg protested Warner Bros.' decision to convert Clash of the Titans from 2D to 3D, then to release it one week after How to Train Your Dragon.[11] Entertainment reporter Kim Masters described the 3D release schedule around March 2010 as a "traffic jam", and speculated that the lack of 3D screen availability could hurt Katzenberg's prospects despite his support of the 3D format.[12]

text: In March 2010, theater industry executives accused Paramount of using high-pressure tactics to coerce theaters to screen How to Train Your Dragon rather than the competing 3D releases, Clash of the Titans and Tim Burton's Alice in Wonderland. As theater multiplexes often had just one 3D screen, theaters were unable to accommodate more than one 3D presentation at a time.[13]

text: Box-office[edit]

text: How to Train Your Dragon topped the North American box office with $43.7 million in its first weekend of release.[14] The film grossed $217,581,231 in the United States and Canada and $277,297,528 in foreign countries with a worldwide total of $494,878,759.[1] How to Train Your Dragon is DreamWorks Animation's highest-grossing film in the American and Canadian box office other than the Shrek films.[15] It is the fifth-highest-grossing animated film of 2010 with $494.8 million, behind Toy Story 3 with $1,063.2 million, Shrek Forever After with $752.6 million, Tangled with $576.6 million, and Despicable Me with $543.1 million and the 10th-highest-grossing movie of 2010.[16] As of 2018, the How to Train Your Dragon series has grossed over $1 billion worldwide.[17]

text: Critical reception[edit]

text: How to Train Your Dragon received critical acclaim upon its release. Review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes reports that 98% of critics gave the film a positive review, based on 204 reviews from professional critics, with an overall rating average of 7.9 out of 10.[18] The website's critical consensus states, "Boasting dazzling animation, a script with surprising dramatic depth, and thrilling 3-D sequences, How to Train Your Dragon soars."[18] By "Tomatometer" score, the film is DreamWorks Animation's highest-rated film.[citation needed] On Metacritic, the film has a weighted average rating of 74 based on 33 reviews from critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews".[19] CinemaScore polls conducted during the opening weekend revealed the average grade cinemagoers gave How to Train Your Dragon was A on an A+ to F scale.[20]

text: Roger Ebert of The Chicago Sun-Times gave it 3 stars out of 4, stating that: "It devotes a great deal of time to aerial battles between tamed dragons and evil ones, and not much to character or story development. But it's bright, good-looking, and has high energy".[21] Claudia Puig of USA Today gave it 3.5 out of 4 stars, saying, "It's a thrilling action-adventure saga with exhilarating 3-D animation, a clever comedy with witty dialogue, a coming-of-age tale with surprising depth and a sweetly poignant tale of friendship between man and animal."[22] Rolling Stone film critic Peter Travers praised the film, giving it three out of four stars and in his print review wrote, "[The film] works enough miracles of 3-D animation to charm your socks off."[23] Roger Moore of The Orlando Sentinel, who gave the film 2½ stars out of 4, wrote a mixed review describing the film as a "more coming-of-age dramedy or 'everything about your world view is wrong' message movie than it is a comedy, and that seems like a waste of a funny book, some very funny actors and some darned witty animation."[24] Kyle Smith of the New York Post gave the film 2/4 stars labeling the film as, "Avatar for simpletons. But that title is already taken, by Avatar".[25] Contrarily, Brett Michel of The Boston Phoenix stated that the film was better than Avatar. A. O. Scott of At The Movies felt the characters and the story were not strong points, but loved the cinematography and said, "that swooping and soaring, they are worth the price of a ticket, so go see it."[26] Village Voice film critic Ella Taylor gave a more negative review of the film, describing it as an "adequate but unremarkable animated tale".[27] Film critic James Berardinelli of ReelViews praised the film and its story, giving it 3.5 out of 4 stars he wrote, "Technically proficient and featuring a witty, intelligent, surprisingly insightful script, How to Train Your Dragon comes close to the level of Pixar's recent output while easily exceeding the juvenilia DreamWorks has released in the last nine years."[28] Entertainment Weekly film critic Owen Gleiberman praised the film giving it an A- and wrote, "How to Train Your Dragon rouses you in conventional ways, but it's also the rare animated film that uses 3-D for its breathtaking spatial and emotional possibilities."[29] ViewLondon's Mathew Turner gave the film 4/5 stars, calling it, "beautifully animated and superbly written", and praised the voice cast, humor, and action. Matt Risley of Variety gave the film a perfect score of 5/5 stars, hailing it as, "undoubtedly Dreamworks' best film yet, and quite probably the best dragon movie ever made".[citation needed]

text: Accolades[edit]

text:
Awards

Award
Category
Name
Outcome

Academy Awards[30]
Academy Award for Best Animated Feature
Chris Sanders
Dean DeBlois
Nominated

Academy Award for Best Original Score
John Powell

Alliance of Women Film Journalists[31]
Best Animated Feature

Best Animated Female
America Ferrera (Astrid)
Won

Annie Awards[32][33]
Annie Award for Best Animated Feature
Bonnie Arnold
Chris Sanders
Dean DeBlois

Annie Award for Best Animated Effects in an Animated Production
Brett Miller

Jason Mayer
Nominated

Annie Award for Best Character Animation in a Feature Production
Gabe Hordos
Won

Jakob Hjort Jensen
Nominated

David Torres

Annie Award for Best Character Design in an Animated Feature Production
Nico Marlet
Won

Annie Award for Best Directing in an Animated Feature Production
Chris Sanders
Dean DeBlois

Annie Award for Best Music in an Animated Feature Production
John Powell

Annie Award for Production Design in an Animated Feature Production
Pierre-Olivier Vincent

Annie Award for Best Storyboarding in an Animated Feature Production
Tom Owens

Alessandro Carloni
Nominated

Annie Award for Best Voice Acting in an Animated Feature Production
Jay Baruchel (Hiccup)
Won

Gerard Butler (Stoick)
Nominated

Annie Award for Best Writing in an Animated Feature Production
William Davies
Chris Sanders
Dean DeBlois
Won

British Academy Film Awards[34]
BAFTA Award for Best Animated Film

Nominated

BAFTA Award for Best Film Music
John Powell

Chicago Film Critics Association Awards[35]
Best Animated Film
Chris Sanders
Dean DeBlois

Critics' Choice Awards[36]
Best Animated Feature Film

Genesis Awards[37]
Best Feature Film

Won

Golden Globe Awards[38]
Golden Globe Award for Best Animated Feature Film

Nominated

Golden Reel Awards[39]
Best Sound Editing in an Animated Feature Film

Won

International Film Music Critics Association[40][41]
Film Score of the Year
John Powell

Best Original Score for an Animated Feature
John Powell

Film Music Composition of the Year
John Powell – "Forbidden Friendship"
Nominated

John Powell – "Test Drive"

Kids' Choice Awards[42]
Favorite Animated Movie

Online Film Critics Society Awards[43]
Best Animated Feature
Chris Sanders
Dean DeBlois

People's Choice Awards[44]
Favorite Family Movie

Producers Guild of America Awards
Outstanding Producer of Animated Theatrical Motion Pictures
Bonnie Arnold

Satellite Awards[45]
Motion Picture (Animated or Mixed)

Saturn Awards[46]
Saturn Award for Best Music
John Powell

Saturn Award for Best Production Design
Kathy Altieri

Saturn Award for Best Animated Film
Chris Sanders
Dean DeBlois

Teen Choice Awards[47]
Choice Animated Movie

Toronto Film Critics Association[48]
Toronto Film Critics Association Award for Best Animated Film

Won

Venice Film Festival[49]
Most Creative 3D Film of the Year
Chris Sanders and Dean DeBlois
Tied with James Cameron for Avatar

Visual Effects Society[50]
Visual Effects Society Award for Outstanding Animation in an Animated Feature Motion Picture
Simon Otto
Craig Ring
Bonnie Arnold

Visual Effects Society Award for Outstanding Animated Character in an Animated Feature Motion Picture
Gabe Hordos
Cassidy Curtis
Mariette Marinus
Brent Watkins

Visual Effects Society Award for Outstanding Effects Animation in an Animated Feature Motion Picture
Andy Hayes
Laurent Kermel
Jason Mayer
Brett Miller

Washington D.C. Area Film Critics Association Awards[51]
Best Animated Feature
Chris Sanders
Dean DeBlois
Nominated

World Soundtrack Academy[52]
World Soundtrack Award for Soundtrack Composer of the Year
John Powell

World Soundtrack Award for Best Original Song Written Directly for a Film
Jón Þór Birgisson

text: Home media[edit]

text: How to Train Your Dragon was released on single-disc DVD, two-disc double DVD pack and Blu-ray/DVD combo pack in Canada and the United States on Friday, October 15, 2010. Among the features available in the two-disc DVD edition is an original sequel short film, Legend of the Boneknapper Dragon. As of July 18, 2012, units sold for the DVD stand at more than 6.5 million copies and has grossed $121,663,692.[53]

text: Samsung signed a deal with DreamWorks to gain exclusive distribution rights to a Blu-ray 3D version of the film. The exclusive agreement ended on September 11, 2011, when How to Train Your Dragon - 3D was released in a two-disc Blu-ray combo pack.

text: It was re-released by Paramount Home Entertainment on Blu-ray and DVD on May 27, 2014.[54]

text: Expanded franchise[edit]

text: Sequels[edit]

text: A sequel, How to Train Your Dragon 2, was confirmed on April 27, 2010.[55] The film was directed and written by Dean DeBlois, the co-director of the first film. Bonnie Arnold, the producer of the first film, also returned.[56] The film was released on June 13, 2014 by 20th Century Fox, to critical acclaim.[57][58] The entire original voice cast—Baruchel, Butler, Ferguson, Ferrera, Hill, Mintz-Plasse, Miller, and Wiig—returned for the sequel[59] with the addition of Cate Blanchett, Djimon Hounsou, and Kit Harington.

text: A third film, How to Train Your Dragon: The Hidden World, is in production. The film will also be directed and written by DeBlois, produced by Bonnie Arnold, and exec-produced by Chris Sanders, with all the main cast set to return. Cate Blanchett and Djimon Hounsou will also reprise their roles as Valka and Drago respectively from the second film.[60][61] It is scheduled to be released on March 1, 2019 by Universal Pictures.[62]

text: Short films[edit]

text: Four post-movie short films were released: Legend of the Boneknapper Dragon (2010), Book of Dragons (2011), Gift of the Night Fury (2011)[63], and Dawn of the Dragon Racers (2014).[64]

text: Television series[edit]

text: A television series based on the film premiered on Cartoon Network in Autumn 2012. Jay Baruchel, America Ferrera, Christopher Mintz-Plasse, and T. J. Miller reprise their roles as Hiccup, Astrid, Fishlegs, and Tuffnut. The series, set between the first and second film, follows Hiccup and his friends as they learn more about dragons, discover new ones, teach others to feel comfortable around them, adapt traditions within the village to fit their new friends and battle against enemies as they explore new worlds. Hiccup has been made head of Berk Dragon Academy.[65]

text: Video games[edit]

text: An action adventure video game released by Activision, called How to Train Your Dragon, was released for the Wii, Xbox 360, PS3 and Nintendo DS gaming consoles. It is loosely based on the film and was released on March 23, 2010.

text: School of Dragons, a 3D free-to-play MMO, was released on July 17, 2013, at the San Diego Comic-Con.[66][67] The game is available for PC, Android and iOS.[68]

text: Arena show[edit]

text: How to Train Your Dragon Arena Spectacular is an arena show adaptation of the first film featuring 24 animatronic dragons, acrobats and projections. It premiered on March 2, 2012, in Melbourne, Australia.[69]


document_title: Pacific Plate

question_text: how much of the pacific plate is oceanic crust vs continental crust

text: Pacific Plate

text: Boundaries[edit]

text: The north-eastern side is a divergent boundary with the Explorer Plate, the Juan de Fuca Plate and the Gorda Plate forming respectively the Explorer Ridge, the Juan de Fuca Ridge and the Gorda Ridge. In the middle of the eastern side is a transform boundary with the North American Plate along the San Andreas Fault, and a boundary with the Cocos Plate. The south-eastern side is a divergent boundary with the Nazca Plate forming the East Pacific Rise.[citation needed]

text: The southern side is a divergent boundary with the Antarctic Plate forming the Pacific-Antarctic Ridge.[citation needed]

text: The western side, the plate is bounded by the Okhotsk Plate at the Kuril-Kamchatka Trench and the Japan Trench, forms a convergent boundary by subducting under the Philippine Sea Plate creating the Mariana Trench, has a transform boundary with the Caroline Plate, and has a collision boundary with the North Bismarck Plate.[citation needed]

text: In the south-west, the Pacific Plate has a complex but generally convergent boundary with the Indo-Australian Plate, subducting under it north of New Zealand forming the Tonga Trench and the Kermadec Trench. The Alpine Fault marks a transform boundary between the two plates, and further south the Indo-Australian Plate subducts under the Pacific Plate forming the Puysegur Trench. The southern part of Zealandia, which is to the east of this boundary, is the plate's largest block of continental crust.[citation needed]

text: The northern side is a convergent boundary subducting under the North American Plate forming the Aleutian Trench and the corresponding Aleutian Islands.

text: Paleo-geology of the Pacific Plate[edit]

text: The Pacific Plate is almost entirely oceanic crust, but it contains some continental crust in New Zealand, Baja California, and coastal California.[3]

text: The Pacific Plate has the distinction of showing one of the largest areal sections of the oldest members of seabed geology being entrenched into eastern Asian oceanic trenches. A geologic map of the Pacific Ocean seabed shows not only the geologic sequences, and associated Ring of Fire zones on the ocean's perimeters, but the various ages of the seafloor in a stairstep fashion, youngest to oldest, the oldest being consumed into the Asian oceanic trenches. The oldest member disappearing by way of the Plate Tectonics cycle is early-Cretaceous (145 to 137 million years ago).[6]

text: All maps of the Earth's ocean floor geology show ages younger than 145 million years, only about 1/30 of the Earth's 4.55 billion year history.[citation needed]


document_title: Moroccan Crisis

question_text: when did germany send its warships to morocco

text: Moroccan Crisis

text: Moroccan Crisis could refer to:

text:
The First Moroccan Crisis, also called the Tangier Crisis was brought about by the visit of Kaiser Wilhelm II to Tangier in Morocco on March 31, 1905 and his subsequent speech in which he favored Moroccan independence. This was a challenge to France's mandate of the country, and was designed to split the Entente Cordiale between Britain and France (signed in 1904).
The Second Moroccan Crisis, also called the Agadir Crisis, was sparked by the German demand for large areas of French Equatorial Africa to compensate for Germany's loss during the First Moroccan Crisis. The deployment of the German gunboat SMS Panther heightened the tension when it was sent to the Moroccan port of Agadir on July 1, 1911.

text:
This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Moroccan Crisis.
If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article.

text: Disambiguation pages

text: All article disambiguation pagesAll disambiguation pages


document_title: Tourism in Madhya Pradesh

question_text: list of world heritage sites in madhya pradesh

text: Tourism in Madhya Pradesh

text: The natural beauty[edit]

text: The natural beauty of Madhya Pradesh is equally varied. Consisting largely of a plateau streaked with the mountain ranges of the Vindhyas and the Satpuras, the State has everything. The hills give rise to the main river system - Narmada and the Tapti, running from east to west, and the Chambal, Sone, Betwa, Mahanadi west to east. Spectacular mountain ranges, meandering rivers dotted with hills and lakes and miles and miles of dense forests offering a unique and exciting panorama of wildlife in sylvan environment.

text: One half of the state is forested and offers a unique and exciting panorama of wildlife. In the National Parks of Kanha, Bandhavgarh, Shivpuri and many others one has the rare opportunity to see the tiger, the bison and a wide variety of deer and antelope in sylvan surroundings.

text: World heritage sites[edit]

text: Although the modern state of Madhya Pradesh came into being in 1956, its cultural heritage is ancient and chequered. Innumerable monuments, exquisitely carved temples, stupas, forts and palaces on hilltops, raise in the visitors mind visions of empires and kingdoms, of the great warriors and builders, poets and musicians, saints and philosophers; of Hinduism, Buddhism, and Jainism. The famous Sanskrit poet-dramatist Kalidasa and the great musician of the Mughal court, Tansen, were from Madhya Pradesh. They are known all over the world.

text:
Several cities in Madhya Pradesh are extraordinary for their architecture and or scenic beauty.
Three sites in Madhya Pradesh have been declared World Heritage Sites by UNESCO:

text:
The Khajuraho Group of Monuments (1986)
Buddhist Monuments at Sanchi (1989)
The Rock Shelters of Bhimbetka (2003)

text: Significant sites[edit]

text: Other architecturally significant or scenic sites include:

text:
Alampur
Amarkantak
Asirgarh
Bawangaja
Bhopal
Chanderi
Chitrakuta
Deorkothar
Dhar
Gwalior
Indore
Jabalpur
Maheshwar
Mandleshwar
Mandu
Morena
Muktagiri
Omkareshwar
Orchha
Shivpuri
Sonagiri and Ujjain.

text: Madhya Pradesh being very large geographically, and the history being spread over several millennia, a developing a comprehensive picture of heritage and architecture is a monumental task.

text: National Parks[edit]

text: Madhya Pradesh is home to several National Parks, including:

text:
Bandhavgarh National Park
Kanha National Park
Satpura National Park
Sanjay National Park
Madhav National Park
Van Vihar National Park
Mandla Plant Fossils National Park
Panna National Park
Pench National Park, Madhya Pradesh.
Satna Devi Dham, Maihar
National Chambal Sanctuary
White Tiger Safari, Mukundpur, Satna

text: Nature reserves[edit]

text: There are also a number of nature preserves, including:

text:
Pachmarhi
Amarkantak
Bagh Caves
Bhedaghat
Bori Wildlife Sanctuary
Sone GharialSidhi
Ghatigaon
Kuno-Palpur Wildlife Sanctuary
Narwar
Chambal
Kukdeshwar
Narsinghgarh
Panpatha, Shikarganj

text: Fairs and festivals[edit]

text: Customs and beliefs in each area in Madhya Pradesh have added colours to the fairs and festivals. Shivratri in Khajuraho, Bhojpur, Pachmarhi and Ujjain; Dusshera in Jabalpur, Ramanavami in Chitrakoot and Orchha, Bhagoriya dance in Jhabua and the annual festival of dances at Khajuraho are events for the tourists to remember. The Malwa festival in Indore, Mandu and Ujjain, and the Pachmarhi festival bring alive the rich folk and tribal culture of the state in colourful celebrations. Gwalior trade fair is India's second largest trade fair. It is organised in various sectors which includes electronic sector, automobile sector, food sector, fun (jhula) sector etc. Gwalior carnival is a newly introduced festival in 2012. It was organised for 22 days in December. It is planned to organise carnival every year. Nimar Utsav takes place every year in the holy city of Maheshwar in the Hindu month of Kartika on the occasion of Kartika Purnima. The festival lasts for 3 days with a cultural programme at Ahilya Ghat in Maheshwar.

text: Hill stations[edit]

text:
Panchmarhi
Amarkantak
Shivpuri

text: Gallery[edit]

text:
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document_title: Hotel Transylvania

question_text: who plays the invisible man in hotel transylvania

text: Hotel Transylvania

text: Plot[edit]

text: In the aftermath of the death of his wife Martha (Jackie Sandler) at the hands of an angry human mob, Count Dracula (Adam Sandler) commissions and builds a massive five-star, monsters-only hotel in Transylvania in which he raises his daughter Mavis (Selena Gomez) and to serve as a safe-place getaway for the world's monsters from fear of human persecution.

text: Famous monsters such as Frank (Kevin James) and his wife Eunice (Fran Drescher), Wayne and Wanda Werewolf (Steve Buscemi and Molly Shannon) and their massive immediate family, Griffin The Invisible Man (David Spade), and Murray the Mummy (CeeLo Green) often come to stay at the hotel which is completely human-free and safe for monsters.

text: On Mavis's 118th birthday, Dracula allows his daughter to leave the castle in order to explore the human world, but he sets up an elaborate plan using his zombie bellhops disguised as humans to make them seem intimidating, but without her being in any danger, and frighten her home. The plan works, but the zombies inadvertently lead a 21-year-old[12] human named Jonathan (Andy Samberg) back to the hotel. Dracula frantically disguises him as a Frankensteinesque Monster and passes him off as "Johnnystein", 'a distant cousin of Frank's right arm'.

text: Jonathan soon encounters Mavis and the two "Zing" (a form of romantic attraction). Unable to get Johnny out of the hotel without notice, Drac quickly improvises that Jonathan is a party planner, brought in to bring a fresher approach to his own traditional and boring parties. Jonathan quickly becomes a hit to the other monsters, especially Mavis, but this disgusts and worries Dracula greatly. Drac orders Johnny to leave, but Johnny is brought back by Mavis. After being shown the beauty of a sunrise by Johnny, Mavis is inspired to give humans another chance.

text: Meanwhile, the hotel chef Quasimodo (Jon Lovitz) with the help of his pet rat Esmeralda learns that Johnny is a human and kidnaps him in order to cook him. Dracula intervenes and magically freezes Quasimodo to keep him from telling anyone that Jonathan is human. Dracula leads Jonathan to his quarters and shows him a painting of his wife. Much to Dracula's surprise, Jonathan knows the woman in the painting from a legend he has recently heard and relates a story about how she fell perfectly in love with a count, but died in a mysterious fire. Dracula reveals the full painting with himself in it and confirms the truth of the tale, and proceeds to tell the full version, thus explaining why Dracula built the hotel and the origin of his overprotective behaviour with Mavis. Jonathan is understanding and Dracula develops respect for his knowledge, and the two bond, recognising that Jonathan is a good person. Jonathan then tries to leave for good, but Dracula convinces him to stay for the time-being to avoid ruining Mavis's birthday.

text: The party is a great success the next night, and Mavis looks forward to opening a gift from her deceased mother. However, when Jonathan and Mavis share their first kiss, Dracula overreacts, and, in his outburst, inadvertently confesses to deceiving Mavis with the town. A still-frozen Quasimodo bursts in and the Fly (Chris Parnell) translates from his frozen speech that Johnny is a human disguised by Dracula. The guests are outraged by the deceit at play, but Mavis is undeterred and wants to be with Johnny, even knowing he is human. Jonathan feigns disinterest in Mavis and rejects her out of respect for her father and leaves the hotel. Mavis then angrily yells at Dracula and flies off.

text: Dracula finds Mavis on the roof with her mother's present. He learns it is a book about how her mother and Dracula "Zinged" and fell in love. Dracula realizes humankind has become tolerant of monsters, and manages to convince Frank, Wayne, Griffin, and Murray to head out into the human world to help him find Jonathan, and with the scent-tracking ability of Wayne's daughter, Winnie, they learn that he is bound on a flight to America soon. The four head to the airport, but are held up in a town celebrating a Monster Festival along the way. Instead of being frightened by the appearance and powers of real monsters, the humans admire the group, and a team of men dressed as vampires help Dracula by providing him shelter from the sunlight while he rushes to the airport. Drac arrives to see Jonathan's plane taking off, and he gives chase in bat form, burning in the sunlight. After getting Jonathan's attention, Dracula makes his way to the front of the plane and uses his mind-controlling power on the pilot (Brian Stack) to help him apologize for his actions. Jonathan accepts his apology; Dracula then manipulates the pilot to return to the Transylvanian airport for a "refuel".

text: Dracula returns Jonathan to Mavis. Jonathan confesses that their 'Zing' was mutual and the two kiss, making Dracula realize his daughter has grown up and can make her own decisions. The monsters finish celebrating Mavis's party as Dracula, Mavis, Jonathan and their monster friends sing "The Zing" to the audience of hotel guests.

text: Voice cast[edit]

text:
Adam Sandler as Count Dracula, the 532-year-old owner and hotel manager of Hotel Transylvania, and Mavis' over-protective father.[12]
Andy Samberg as Jonathan ("Johnnystein"), a 21-year-old human who stumbles upon Hotel Transylvania in his travels.[12]
Selena Gomez as Mavis, Dracula's 118-year-old "teenage" vampire daughter who is interested in the outside world and falls in love with Johnny.[13]

Sadie Sandler voices Mavis as a child, as well as Wayne's daughter Winnie.

Kevin James as Frank/Frankenstein, Eunice's husband and one of Dracula's best friends who acts as an uncle to Mavis and mostly hangs out with Murray.
Fran Drescher as Eunice, Frankenstein's wife and Wanda's best friend.[12]
Steve Buscemi as Wayne, a male werewolf who is also one of Dracula's best friends and Wanda's husband.[12]
Molly Shannon as Wanda, a female werewolf, Wayne's heavily-pregnant wife and Eunice's best friend.[12]
David Spade as Griffin the Invisible Man, one of Dracula's best friends.[7]
CeeLo Green as Murray the Mummy, a short fat mummy who is one of Dracula's best friends and mostly hangs out with Frankenstein.[7]
Jon Lovitz as Quasimodo Wilson, a Hunchback gourmet chef and the former Bell-ringer of Notre Dame who desires to make a dish with human as the main ingredient.[12][14]
Luenell as a wisecracking shrunken head that serves as a "Do Not Disturb" sign on the door of Mavis's room.[15]
Chris Parnell as Mr. Fly, Hotel Transylvania's fitness coordinator who can also translate any speech.
Brian George as a Suit of Animated Armor, the head of Hotel Transylvania's security guards.
Brian Stack as the pilot of Jonathan's airplane back to America.
Jackie Sandler as Martha, Dracula's wife and Mavis's mother who was killed by an angry mob when Mavis was young.
Rob Riggle as Skeleton Husband
Paul Brittain as a Zombie Plumber, as well as one of the Hydra heads.
Robert Smigel as Fake Dracula, an attendee at a Transylvanian festival.

Robert Smigel also voices Marty, a pink Gill-man at Hotel Transylvania.

Jonny Solomon as Gremlin Man, one of the Gremlins at Hotel Transylvania.

Jonny Solomon also voices one of the Hydra heads.

Jim Wise as a shrunken head that serves as a "Do Not Disturb" sign.

Jim Wise also voices one of the Hydra heads.

Craig Kellman as a guy who shouts in the crowd at the festival.

Craig Kellman also voices one of the Hydra heads.

Brian McCann as a hairy monster that almost resembles a Yeti.

Brian McCann also voices one of the Hydra heads.

Tom Kenny as one of the Hydra heads.
James C. J. Williams as a deformed Igor-esque humanoid construction foreman who helped to build Hotel Transylvania.

text: Production[edit]

text: Hotel Transylvania was originally created and developed by comedy writer Todd Durham, which he based on his book of the same name; after creating the bible for a franchise of several films, television series, video games, books, merchandising, hotel chain, and theme park, he took the package unsolicited to Columbia Pictures and set it up at Sony Pictures Animation where he became the first of several screenwriters on the project.[18][19][20] The development process ultimately went through six directors: in 2006 Anthony Stacchi and David Feiss became the first directors set to helm the film.[21] They were replaced by Jill Culton in 2008,[22] who was followed by Chris Jenkins,[23] with Todd Wilderman in 2010.[24] In February 2011,[25] Genndy Tartakovsky took over as the sixth scheduled director,[26] and made his feature directorial debut with the film.[12][24] He reimagined the film to follow the energy, organic nature, and exaggeration of 2D animation, particularly as seen in the work of director Tex Avery.[27] "I took all the aesthetics I like from 2-D and applied them here," Tartakovsky said. "I don't want to do animation to mimic reality. I want to push reality."[26] "I wanted to have an imprint so you'd go, 'Well, only Genndy can make this.' It's hard, especially with CG, but I feel there's a lot of moments that feel that they're very me, so hopefully it'll feel different enough that it has a signature to it."[28]

text: In November 2011, it was announced that Miley Cyrus would voice Mavis, Dracula's teenage daughter,[7] but in February 2012, Cyrus left the film to coordinate a musical comeback.[29] It was later announced that Selena Gomez would replace Cyrus.[30]

text: Soundtrack[edit]

text:
"Where Did the Time Go Girl (Party Version)" Written by Robert Smigel, Adam Sandler, and Dennis White. Produced by Static Revenger.
"Daddy's Girl" Written by Adam Sandler and Robert Smigel. Performed by Adam Sandler.[31]
"Call Me Mavy" Performed by Traci L.[32]
"Problem (The Monster Remix)" Written by Henry Walter, Lukasz Gottwald, Becky Gomez (as Rebbeca Marie Gomez) & Will.i.am (as William Adams). Performed by Becky Gomez (as Becky G) featuring Will.i.am.
"Overprotected" Written by Max Martin. Performed by Britney Spears.
"Sexy and I Know It", performed by LMFAO
"The Zing" Written by Adam Sandler, Robert Smigel, and Dennis White. Produced by Static Revenger. Performed by Adam Sandler, Andy Samberg, Cee Lo Green, Kevin James, and Selena Gomez.[31]
"Helpless", written and performed by Peter Tvrznik[31]
"Sweet 118", written by Andy Samberg, Stuart Hart and Trevor Simpson. Performed by Andy Samberg.[31]
"Hush Little Baby", performed by Adam Sandler.[31]
"Monster Mash", performed by Bobby Pickett.[31]

text: Release[edit]

text: Hotel Transylvania premiered on September 8, 2012, at the Toronto International Film Festival.[5] The film received a wide release on September 28, 2012.[2] On October 26, 2012, Regal Entertainment Group Cinemas began exclusively playing the traditionally animated short film Goodnight Mr. Foot before the film. Based on Hotel Transylvania, the short was directed and animated by Genndy Tartakovsky.[33]

text: Home media[edit]

text: Hotel Transylvania was released on Blu-ray (2D and 3D) and DVD on January 29, 2013. It was accompanied by the short animated film, Goodnight Mr. Foot.[34]

text: Reception[edit]

text: Critical response[edit]

text: Review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes reports that 45% of critics gave the film positive reviews; the average rating is 5.3/10, based on 140 reviews. The site's critical consensus reads: "Hotel Transylvania's buoyant, giddy tone may please children, but it might be a little too loud and thinly-scripted for older audiences."[35] Another review aggregate, Metacritic, calculated an average score of 47 out of 100 based on 32 reviews.[36] CinemaScore polls conducted during the opening weekend revealed that the average grade cinemagoers gave Hotel Transylvania was an A- on an A+ to F scale.[37]

text: IGN editor Geoff Chapman rated the film 9 out of 10 and wrote "This is a fun film, full of quirky gags and lovable characters. There are a few songs that smack a bit like soundtrack marketing for the kids, and the story is of course fairly predictable, but this movie is about enjoying a fun journey with great characters. It's a romp that kids and families will all enjoy. Hotel Transylvania is definitely somewhere you'll want to check in."[38]

text: Box office[edit]

text: Hotel Transylvania earned $148.3 million in North America, and $210.1 million in other countries, for a worldwide total of $358.4 million.[6] The officially reported budget for the film was $85 million,[6] although Deadline.com claimed that the film actually cost $104 million.[39] For the film's marketing, Sony spent $52.1 million in the United States, and $31 million in other countries.[40]

text: Hotel Transylvania topped the box office with $11 million on its first Friday, and $42.5 million domestically and $50.6 million worldwide for its opening weekend, which at the time of its release broke the record for the largest-grossing September opening,[39] a record which was overtaken by its sequel Hotel Transylvania 2 in 2015, with a weekend gross of $48.5 million.[41] The film also earned the highest-grossing domestic debut for Sony Pictures Animation (also later overtaken by Hotel Transylvania 2).[41][42] According to Sony's president of worldwide distribution, Rory Bruer, Sony was very satisfied with the film's performance, which was "beyond anyone's imagination, and the holds are ridiculous. It exceeds expectations in every new market it opens in."[43] Hotel Transylvania was theatrically released in China on October 28, 2013,[44] more than a year after the worldwide premiere, and contributed $11,180,000 to the overall gross.[45]

text: Accolades[edit]

text:
Award
Category
Recipient
Result

Annie Awards[46][47]
Best Animated Feature

Nominated

Character Design in an Animated Feature Production
Carlos Grangel

Carter Goodrich

Directing in an Animated Feature Production
Genndy Tartakovsky

Music in an Animated Feature Production
Mark Mothersbaugh

Production Design in an Animated Feature Production
Marcello Vignali

Voice Acting in an Animated Feature Production
Adam Sandler

Editorial in an Animated Feature Production
Catherine Apple

Golden Globe Awards[48]
Best Animated Feature Film
Genndy Tartakovsky

Visual Effects Society[49][50]
Outstanding Animation in an Animated Feature Motion Picture
Lydia Bottegoni, James Crossley, Mike Ford, Daniel Kramer

Outstanding Animated Character in an Animated Feature Motion Picture
Bill Haller, Tim Pixton, Jorge Vigara (for Dracula)

Kid's Choice Awards[51]
Favorite Voice from an Animated Movie
Adam Sandler (as Dracula)
Won

text: Video games[edit]

text: A social game based on the film, titled Hotel Transylvania Social Game and made by Sony Pictures Interactive, was released on August 15, 2012. The game allows players to create their own Hotel Transylvania, where they must take care of the hotel's guests.[52]

text: Another video game, titled Hotel Transylvania, developed by WayForward and published by GameMill Entertainment, was released on September 18, 2012, for Nintendo DS and Nintendo 3DS at retail.[53][54] The game was also released in the Nintendo eShop in North America on November 15, 2012.[55]

text: A mobile game, titled Hotel Transylvania Dash, developed by Sony Pictures Consumer Products Inc. and PlayFirst, was released to iTunes App Store on September 20, 2012. The game is a variation of Hotel Dash mobile game and features the film's art and characters.[56]

text: A mobile digital storybook app, titled Hotel Transylvania BooClips Deluxe App, developed by Castle Builders and Sony Pictures Animation, was released to iTunes App Store, Nook Store, Google Play for the Android, iBookstore, Microsoft's Metro, and for the PC and Mac via www.BooClips.com, both in English and in Spanish, on September 20, 2012.[57]

text: Goodnight Mr. Foot[edit]

text: Goodnight Mr. Foot is a traditionally animated short film based on Hotel Transylvania, featuring Bigfoot from the film. Premiering in time for Halloween, on October 26, 2012, the short was shown exclusively in Regal Entertainment Group Cinemas, before the theatrical shows of Hotel Transylvania. As Sony Pictures Animation's first traditionally animated film, it was written and directed by Genndy Tartakovsky himself, who also animated the short with the help of Rough Draft Studios. Animated in the style of Bob Clampett, Tex Avery and Chuck Jones,[33] Tartakovsky created the short in four weeks during the final production stages of the main film.[58] Bigfoot (who has a non-speaking role in Hotel Transylvania) was voiced by Corey Burton while the Witch Maid was voiced by Rose Abdoo. Both voice actors provided additional voices in Hotel Transylvania.[59]

text: Taking place before the events of Hotel Transylvania, the short stars Bigfoot, whose rest in Hotel Transylvania is being constantly disturbed by an overly enthusiastic witch maid.[33]

text: Sequels[edit]

text: A sequel, titled Hotel Transylvania 2, was released on September 25, 2015.[9] Its story takes place seven years after the first film, with the hotel now open to human guests, and its owner, Count Dracula, having only one worry on his mind—that his 5-year-old grandson is not a pure-blood vampire.[8] The original crew and cast returned for the film, except CeeLo Green as the role of Murray, who was replaced by Keegan-Michael Key. New additions include Mel Brooks as Dracula's father, Vlad;[60] Nick Offerman and Megan Mullally as Jonathan's parents, Mike and Linda;[61] and Asher Blinkoff as Mavis and Johnny's half-human/half-vampire son, Dennis.[62]

text: In November 2015, Sony Pictures Animation announced that Hotel Transylvania 3 will be released on September 21, 2018 (now July 13, 2018).[63] Despite previously leaving the series to direct other projects, Genndy Tartakovsky will return as director for this installment.[64]

text: Television series[edit]

text: A television series based on the film premiered in June 2017, on Disney Channel.[65] Developed and produced by Nelvana Limited, in partnership with Sony Pictures Animation, the series will take place before the first film, focusing on the teenage years of Mavis and her friends at the Hotel Transylvania.[11]