document_title: Languages with official status in India

question_text: when was hindi made national language of india

root

text: Languages with official status in India

text: Official languages of the Union[edit]

text:
The Indian constitution, in 1950, declared Hindi in Devanagari script to be the official language of the union. Unless Parliament decided otherwise, the use of English for official purposes was to cease 15 years after the constitution came into effect, i.e., on 26 January 1965. The prospect of the changeover, however, led to much alarm in the non Hindi-speaking areas of India, especially Dravidian-speaking states whose languages were not related to Hindi at all. As a result, Parliament enacted the Official Languages Act, 1963,[8]
[9][10][11][12][13] which provided for the continued use of English for official purposes along with Hindi, even after 1965.

tag: p

text: In late 1964, an attempt was made to expressly provide for an end to the use of English, but it was met with protests from states such as Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, Punjab, West Bengal, Karnataka, Puducherry and Andhra Pradesh. Some of these protests also turned violent.[14] As a result, the proposal was dropped,[15][16] and the Act itself was amended in 1967 to provide that the use of English would not be ended until a resolution to that effect was passed by the legislature of every state that had not adopted Hindi as its official language, and by each house of the Indian Parliament.[17]

text: The position was thus that the Union government continues to use English in addition to Hindi for its official purposes[18] as a "subsidiary official language,"[19] but is also required to prepare and execute a programme to progressively increase its use of Hindi.[20] The exact extent to which, and the areas in which, the Union government uses Hindi and English, respectively, is determined by the provisions of the Constitution, the Official Languages Act, 1963, the Official Languages Rules, 1976, and statutory instruments made by the Department of Official Language under these laws.

text: Parliamentary proceedings and laws[edit]

text: The Indian constitution draws a distinction between the language to be used in Parliamentary proceedings, and the language in which laws are to be made. Parliamentary business, according to the Constitution, may be conducted in either Hindi or English. The use of English in parliamentary proceedings was to be phased out at the end of fifteen years unless Parliament chose to extend its use, which Parliament did through the Official Languages Act, 1963.[21] In addition, the constitution permits a person who is unable to express themselves in either Hindi or English to, with the permission of the Speaker of the relevant House, address the House in their mother tongue.[22]

text: In contrast, the constitution requires the authoritative text of all laws, including Parliamentary enactments and statutory instruments, to be in English, until Parliament decides otherwise. Parliament has not exercised its power to so decide, instead merely requiring that all such laws and instruments, and all bills brought before it, also be translated into Hindi, though the English text remains authoritative.[23]

text: Judiciary[edit]

text: The constitution provides, and the Supreme Court of India has reiterated, that all proceedings in the Supreme Court (the country's highest court) and the High Courts shall be in English.[24] Parliament has the power to alter this by law, but has not done so. However, in many high courts, there is, with consent from the president, allowance of the optional use of Hindi. Such proposals have been successful in the states of Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, and Bihar.[25]

text: Administration[edit]

text: The Union government is required by law to progressively increase the use of Hindi in its official work,[20] which it has sought to do through "persuasion, incentive and goodwill".[8]

text: The Official Language Act provides that the Union government shall use both Hindi and English in most administrative documents that are intended for the public.[26] The Official Languages Rules, in contrast, provide for a higher degree of use of Hindi in communications between offices of the central government (other than offices in Tamil Nadu, to which the rules do not apply).[27] Communications between different departments within the central government may be in either Hindi or English, although a translation into the other language must be provided if required.[28] Communications within offices of the same department, however, must be in Hindi if the offices are in Hindi-speaking states,[29] and in either Hindi or English otherwise with Hindi being used in proportion to the percentage of staff in the receiving office who have a working knowledge of Hindi.[30] Notes and memos in files may be in either Hindi or English, with the Government having a duty to provide a translation into the other language if required.[31]

text: In addition, every person submitting a petition for the redress of a grievance to a government officer or authority has a constitutional right to submit it in any language used in India.

text: Implementation[edit]

text: Various steps have been taken by the Indian government to implement the use and familiarisation of Hindi extensively. Dakshina Bharat Hindi Prachar Sabha headquartered at Chennai was formed to spread Hindi in South Indian states. Regional Hindi implementation offices at Bengaluru, Thiruvananthapuram, Mumbai, Kolkata, Guwahati, Bhopal, Delhi and Ghaziabad have been established to monitor the implementation of Hindi in Central government offices and PSUs.

text: Annual targets are set by the Department of Official Language regarding the amount of correspondence being carried out in Hindi. A Parliament Committee on Official Language constituted in 1976 periodically reviews the progress in the use of Hindi and submits a report to the President. The governmental body which makes policy decisions and established guidelines for promotion of Hindi is the Kendriya Hindi Samiti (est. 1967). In every city that has more than ten central Government offices, a Town Official Language Implementation Committee is established and cash awards are given to government employees who write books in Hindi. All Central government offices and PSUs are to establish Hindi Cells for implementation of Hindi in their offices.[32]

text: In 2016, the Modi government announced plans to promote Hindi in government offices in Southern and Northeast India.[33][34]

text: The Indian constitution does not specify the official languages to be used by the states for the conduct of their official functions, and leaves each state free to, through its legislature, adopt Hindi or any language used in its territory as its official language or languages.[35] The language need not be one of those listed in the Eighth Schedule, and several states have adopted official languages which are not so listed. Examples include Kokborok in Tripura and Mizo in Mizoram.

text: Legislature and administration[edit]

text: The constitutional provisions in relation to use of the official language in legislation at the State level largely mirror those relating to the official language at the central level, with minor variations. State legislatures may conduct their business in their official language, Hindi or (for a transitional period, which the legislature can extend if it so chooses) English, and members who cannot use any of these have the same rights to their mother tongue with the Speaker's permission. The authoritative text of all laws must be in English, unless Parliament passes a law permitting a state to use another language, and if the original text of a law is in a different language, an authoritative English translation of all laws must be prepared.

text: The state has the right to regulate the use of its official language in public administration, and in general, neither the constitution nor any central enactment imposes any restriction on this right. However, every person submitting a petition for the redress of a grievance to an officer or authority of the state government has a constitutional right to submit it in any language used in that state, regardless of its official status.

text: In addition, the constitution grants the central government, acting through the President, the power to issue certain directives to the government of a state in relation to the use of minority languages for official purposes. The President may direct a State to officially recognise a language spoken in its territory for specified purposes and in specified regions, if its speakers demand it and satisfy him that a substantial proportion of the State's population desire its use. Similarly, States and local authorities are required to endeavour to provide primary education in the mother tongue for all linguistic minorities, regardless of whether their language is official in that State, and the President has the power to issue directions he deems necessary to ensure that they are provided these facilities.

text: State judiciary[edit]

text: States have significantly less freedom in relation to determine the language in which judicial proceedings in their respective High Courts will be conducted. The constitution gives the power to authorise the use of Hindi, or the state's official language in proceedings of the High Court to the Governor, rather than the state legislature, and requires the Governor to obtain the consent of the President of India, who in these matters acts on the advice of the Government of India. The Official Languages Act gives the Governor a similar power, subject to similar conditions, in relation to the language in which the High Court's judgments will be delivered.[36]

text: Four states—Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan—[37] have been granted the right to conduct proceedings in their High Courts in their official language, which, for all of them, was Hindi. However, the only non-Hindi state to seek a similar power—Tamil Nadu, which sought the right to conduct proceedings in Tamil in its High Court—had its application rejected by the central government earlier, which said it was advised to do so by the Supreme Court.[38] In 2006, the law ministry said that it would not object to Tamil Nadu state's desire to conduct Madras High Court proceedings in Tamil.[39][40][41][42][43] In 2010, the Chief Justice of the Madras High Court allowed lawyers to argue cases in Tamil.[44]

text: List of official languages by states[edit]

text: List of official languages of states of India

text:
No.
State
Official language(s)
Additional official language(s)

1.
Andhra Pradesh
Telugu[45]

2.
Arunachal Pradesh
English

3.
Assam
Assamese[46]
Bengali in three districts of Barak Valley,[47] Bodo in Bodoland Territorial Council areas

4.
Bihar
Hindi[48]
Urdu[48]

5.
Chhattisgarh
Hindi[49]

6.
Goa
Konkani[50]
Marathi[51]:27[52]

7.
Gujarat
Gujarati[53]
Hindi[53]

8.
Haryana
Hindi[54]
English,[51] Punjabi[55]

9.
Himachal Pradesh
Hindi[56]

10.
Jammu and Kashmir
Urdu[51]

11.
Jharkhand
Hindi
Urdu[51]

12.
Karnataka
Kannada

13.
Kerala
Malayalam

14.
Madhya Pradesh
Hindi[57]

15.
Maharashtra
Marathi[58]

16.
Manipur
Manipuri [59]
English

17.
Meghalaya
English[60]
Khasi and Garo[61]

18.
Mizoram
Mizo
English, and Hindi

19.
Nagaland
English

20.
Odisha
Odia
[62]

21.
Punjab
Punjabi[51]

22.
Rajasthan
Hindi

23.
Sikkim
Nepali[63][64]
Additional ten local languages[b]

24.
Tamil Nadu
Tamil

25.
Telangana
Telugu
Urdu [65][66]

26.
Tripura
Bengali, English and Kokborok[67][68]

27.
Uttar Pradesh
Hindi
Urdu[69]

28.
Uttarakhand
Hindi
Sanskrit

29.
West Bengal
Bengali,[51] [70]
Nepali in Darjeeling and Kurseong sub-divisions,[51] Hindi, Odia, Santali, Urdu, Punjabi, Kamtapuri, Rajbanshi, Kurmali[71][72][73]

tag: table

text: List of official languages of Union Territories of India

text:
Union territories[51]

No.
Union territory
Official language(s)
Additional official language(s)

1.
Andaman and Nicobar Islands
Hindi and English
Bengali

2.
Chandigarh
English

3.
Dadra and Nagar Haveli
Gujarati, Marathi, and Hindi[74]

4.
Daman and Diu
Gujarati, Konkani and Marathi

5.
Delhi
Hindi
Punjabi, English and Urdu[75]

6.
Lakshadweep
Malayalam, Mahl (in Minicoy Island), English[76]

7.
Puducherry
French, Tamil, English
Telugu, Malayalam [c][77][78]

text: Eighth Schedule to the Constitution[edit]

text: The Eighth Schedule to the Indian Constitution contains a list of 22 scheduled languages. At the time the constitution was enacted, inclusion in this list meant that the language was entitled to representation on the Official Languages Commission,[79] and that the language would be one of the bases that would be drawn upon to enrich Hindi, the official language of the Union.[80] The list has since, however, acquired further significance. The Government of India is now under an obligation to take measures for the development of these languages, such that "they grow rapidly in richness and become effective means of communicating modern knowledge."[81] In addition, a candidate appearing in an examination conducted for public service at a higher level is entitled to use any of these languages as the medium in which he or she answers the paper.[82]

text: Via the 92nd Constitutional amendment 2003, four new languages – Dogri, Maithili, Santali and Bodo – were added to the 8th Schedule of the Indian Constitution.[83]

text: The table below lists the 22 languages set out in the Eighth Schedule as of May 2008, together with the regions where they are used.

text: Even though the English language is not included in the Eighth Schedule (as it is a foreign language), it is one of the official languages of the Union of India.[84]

text:
Language[d]

Family

Speakers(in millions, 2011)</ref>[85]

State(s)

Assamese
Indo-Aryan, Eastern
15.3
Assam, Arunachal Pradesh

Bengali
Indo-Aryan, Eastern
97.2
West Bengal, Tripura, Assam, Andaman & Nicobar Islands, Jharkhand[86]

Bodo
Tibeto-Burman
1.48
Assam

Dogri
Indo-Aryan, Northwestern
2.6
Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Punjab

Gujarati
Indo-Aryan, Western
55.5
Dadra and Nagar Haveli, Daman and Diu, Gujarat

Hindi
Indo-Aryan
528
Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Bihar, Chandigarh, Dadra and Nagar Haveli, Chhattisgarh, Delhi, Gujarat, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jharkhand, Jammu and Kashmir, Madhya Pradesh, Mizoram, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand and West Bengal[71][72]

Kannada
Dravidian
43.7
Karnataka

Kashmiri
Indo-Aryan, Dardic
6.8
Jammu and Kashmir

Konkani
Indo-Aryan, Southern
2.25
Maharashtra, Goa, Karnataka and Kerala (The Konkan Coast)[87][88]

Maithili
Indo-Aryan, Eastern
13.6
Bihar, Jharkhand[89]

Malayalam
Dravidian
34.8
Kerala, Lakshadweep, Puducherry, Andaman & Nicobar Islands

Manipuri (also Meitei or Meithei)
Tibeto-Burman
1.8
Manipur

Marathi
Indo-Aryan, Southern
83
Maharashtra, Goa, Dadra & Nagar Haveli, Daman and Diu

Nepali
Indo-Aryan, Northern
2.9
Sikkim, Darjeeling, Uttarakhand and some parts of Northeast India

Odia
Indo-Aryan, Eastern
37.5
Odisha, Jharkhand,[90][91][92] West Bengal[71][72]

Punjabi
Indo-Aryan, Northwestern
33.1
Chandigarh, Delhi, Punjab, West Bengal[71][72]

Sanskrit
Indo-Aryan
0.02
Uttarakhand

Santali
Munda
7.3
Spoken by Santhal people mainly in the state of Jharkhand as well as in the states of Assam, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Mizoram, Odisha, Tripura, West Bengal[93]

Sindhi
Indo-Aryan, Northwestern
2.7
Sindh (now Sindh in Pakistan)

Tamil
Dravidian
69
Tamil Nadu, Andaman & Nicobar Islands, Puducherry

Telugu
Dravidian
81.1
Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Puducherry, Andaman & Nicobar Islands

Urdu
Indo-Aryan, Central
50.7
Jammu and Kashmir, Telangana, Jharkhand, Delhi, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal[71][72]

text: Of the 22 official languages, 15 are Indic, four are Dravidian, two are Tibeto-Burman, and one is Munda.

text: Since 2003, a government committee has been looking into the feasibility of treating all languages in the Eighth Schedule to the Constitution as "Official Languages of the Union".[94]

text: Union–state and interstate communication[edit]

text: The language in which communications between different states, or from the union government to a state or a person in a state, shall be sent is regulated by the Official Languages Act and, for states other than Tamil Nadu, by the Official Languages Rules. Communication between states who use Hindi as their official language is required to be in Hindi, whereas communication between a state whose official language is Hindi and one whose is not, is required to be in English, or, in Hindi with an accompanying English translation (unless the receiving state agrees to dispense with the translation).[18]

text: Communication between the union and states which use Hindi as their official language (classified by the Official Language Rules as "the states in Region A"), and with persons who live in those states, is generally in Hindi, except in certain cases.[95] Communication with a second category of states "Region B", which do not use Hindi as their official language but have elected to communicate with the union in Hindi (currently Gujarat, Maharashtra, and Punjab)[96] is usually in Hindi, whilst communications sent to an individual in those states may be in either Hindi or English.[97] Communication with all other states "Region C", and with people living in them, is in English.[98]


document_title: List of best-selling fiction authors

question_text: who is the world's best selling fiction author

question_tokens: who is the world 's best selling fiction author

text: List of best-selling fiction authors

text: This page provides a list of best-selling fiction authors to date and in any language. While a premise. number for any given author is near impossible, the list is based on approximate numbers provided or repeated by reliable sources. "Best-selling" refers to the estimated number of copies sold of all fiction books written or co-written by an author. To keep the length of the list manageable, only authors with estimated sales of at least 100 million books are included. Authors of comic books are not included unless they have actual books such as manga Tankōbon.

text: For a few authors, including Miguel de Cervantes, Alexandre Dumas, Charles Dickens, Jane Austen, Arthur Conan Doyle, Victor Hugo, Jules Verne, Rick Riordan, Jack Higgins and Leon Uris, no exact figure could be found, although there are indications that they too have more than 100 million copies of their work in print.[citation needed] They have not been included in the table.

text:
Author
Min. estimated sales
Max. estimated sales
Original language
Genre or title
Number of books
Citizenship

Christie, AgathaAgatha Christie
2 billion[1]
4 billion[2]
English
Whodunits including the Miss Marple and Hercule Poirot series
85
British

Shakespeare, WilliamWilliam Shakespeare
2 billion[3]
4 billion[2]
English
Plays and poetry

English

Cartland, BarbaraBarbara Cartland
500 million[4]
1 billion[5]
English
Romance
723
British

Steel, DanielleDanielle Steel
500 million[6]
800 million[7]
English
Romance
120
American

Robbins, HaroldHarold Robbins
750 million[8]
750 million[9]
English
Adventure
23
American

Simenon, GeorgesGeorges Simenon
500 million[10]
700 million[11]
French
Detectives, Maigret, romans dur
570
Belgian

Sheldon, SidneySidney Sheldon
370 million[12]
600 million[13]
English
Suspense
21
American

Blyton, EnidEnid Blyton
300 million[14]
600 million[15]
English
Children's literature, Noddy, The Famous Five, The Secret Seven
800
British

Rowling, J. K.J. K. Rowling
450 million[16]
500 million[17]
English
Harry Potter
11
British

Seuss, Dr.Dr. Seuss
100 million[18]
500 million[19]
English
Children's literature
44
American

Patten, GilbertGilbert Patten
125 million[20]
500 million[21]
English
Adolescent adventures
209
American

Oda, EiichiroEiichiro Oda
320 million[22]
416 million[23]
Japanese
One Piece, Manga
84
Japanese

Tolstoy, LeoLeo Tolstoy

413 million[24]
Russian
War and Peace, Anna Karenina
48
Russians

Tellado, CorínCorín Tellado
400 million[25]
400 million[26]
Spanish
Romance
4,000
Spanish

Collins, JackieJackie Collins
250 million[27]
400 million[28]
English
Romance
25
British

Alger, HoratioHoratio Alger
200 million[29]
400 million[30]
English
Dime novels
135
American

Stine, R. L.R. L. Stine
100 million[31]
400 million[32]
English
Goosebumps series, Fear Street series, horror, comedy
430+
American

Koontz, DeanDean Koontz
325 million[33]
400 million[34]
English
Horror, thriller, science fiction, fantasy
91
American

Roberts, NoraNora Roberts
145 million[35]
400 million[36]
English
Romance
200+
American

Pushkin, AlexanderAlexander Pushkin

357 million[24]
Russian
Plays, poetry, prose, Eugene Onegin
17
Russian

King, StephenStephen King
300 million[37]
350 million[38]
English
Horror, science fiction, fantasy, It, The Shining, The Stand, Bag Of Bones, Needful Things, The Green Mile
70
American

Coelho, PauloPaulo Coelho
200 million[39]
350 million[40]
Portuguese
The Alchemist
28
Brazilian

L'Amour, LouisLouis L'Amour
230 million[41]
330 million[42]
English
Western
101
American

Gardner, Erle StanleyErle Stanley Gardner
100 million[43]
325 million[44]
English
Mystery, Perry Mason
140
American

Jin Yong
100 million[45]
300 million[46][47]
Chinese
Wuxia
15
Hong Kong Chinese

Akagawa, JirōJirō Akagawa

300 million[48]
Japanese
Mystery
500+
Japanese

Dailey, JanetJanet Dailey
300 million[49]
300 million[50]
English
Romance
93
American

Wallace, EdgarEdgar Wallace

300 million[51]
English
Detective
175
British

Ludlum, RobertRobert Ludlum
110 million[52]
290 million[53]
English
Espionage, Jason Bourne
40
American

Patterson, JamesJames Patterson
150 million[54]
275 million[55]
English
Thriller, Alex Cross
98
American

Dard, FrédéricFrédéric Dard
200 million[56]
270 million[57]
French
Detective, San Antonio
300
Swiss

Archer, JeffreyJeffrey Archer
120 million[58]
270 million[59]
English
Crime thriller
30
British

Berenstain, Stan and JanStan and Jan Berenstain
200 million[60]
260 million[61]
English
Berenstain Bears
300+
American

Dahl, RoaldRoald Dahl
200 million[62]
250 million[63]
English
Children's literature
50
British

Grisham, JohnJohn Grisham
100 million[64]
250 million[65]
English
Legal thriller
22
American

Grey, ZaneZane Grey

250 million[66]
English
Western

American

Wallace, IrvingIrving Wallace

250 million[67]
English
Suspense

American

Tolkien, J. R. R.J. R. R. Tolkien
200 million[68]
250 million[69]
English
The Lord of the Rings, The Hobbit, classical fantasy
36
British

Kishimoto, MasashiMasashi Kishimoto
220 million[70]

Japanese
Naruto
72
Japanese

May, KarlKarl May
100 million[71]
200 million[72]
German
Western, adventure
80
German

Spillane, MickeyMickey Spillane
100 million[73]
200 million[74]
English
Detective, Mike Hammer

American

Lewis, C. S.C. S. Lewis
100 million[75]
200 million[76]
English
The Chronicles of Narnia, fantasy, popular theology
38
British

Nishimura, KyotaroKyotaro Nishimura

200 million[77]
Japanese
Mystery
400+
Japanese

Brown, DanDan Brown
200 million
200 million[78]
English
Thriller, Robert Langdon
6
American

Martin, Ann M.Ann M. Martin
172 million[79]
180 million[80]
English
The Baby-sitters Club
335
American

Shiba, RyōtarōRyōtarō Shiba

180 million[81]
Japanese
Historical
350
Japanese

Hailey, ArthurArthur Hailey
150 million[82]
170 million[83]
English
Thriller
11
British/Canadian

Villiers, Gérard deGérard de Villiers

150 million[84]
French
Detectives, SAS
170
French

Potter, BeatrixBeatrix Potter
100 million[85]
150 million[86]
English
Peter Rabbit
23
British

Crichton, MichaelMichael Crichton
150 million[87]
150 million[88]
English
Techno thriller
25
American

Scarry, RichardRichard Scarry
100 million[89]
150 million[90]
English
Illustrated children's books
250
American

Cussler, CliveClive Cussler
40 million[91]
150 million[92]
English
Adventure, Dirk Pitt
37
American

MacLean, AlistairAlistair MacLean

150 million[93]
English
Adventure, thriller, war stories
32
British

Follett, KenKen Follett
90 million[94]
150 million[95]
English
Spy thriller, historical thriller
30
British

Lindgren, AstridAstrid Lindgren
100 million[96]
145 million[97]
Swedish
Children's literature
100
Swedish

Macomber, DebbieDebbie Macomber
60 million[98]
140 million[99]
English
Romance

American

EL James
100 million
125 million
English
Fifty Shades of Grey
3
British

Yoshikawa, EijiEiji Yoshikawa

120 million[100]
Japanese
Musashi
7
Japanese

Cookson, CatherineCatherine Cookson
100 million[101]
120 million[102]
English
Romance
103
British

Meyer, StephenieStephenie Meyer
100 million[103]
116 million[104]
English
The Twilight Saga, The Host, romance
6
American

Bridwell, NormanNorman Bridwell
100 million[105]
110 million[106]
English
Clifford the Big Red Dog
80
American

Baldacci, DavidDavid Baldacci

110 million[107]
English
Thriller
25
American

Nicholas Sparks
90 million[108]
105 million[109]
English
Romance
22
American

Hunter, EvanEvan Hunter
100 million[110]
100 million[111]
English
Detective (Ed McBain)
94
American

Neiderman, AndrewAndrew Neiderman
100 million[112]
100 million[113]
English
V. C. Andrews, The Devil's Advocate
60
American

Hargreaves, RogerRoger Hargreaves
100 million[114]
100 million[115]
English
Children's literature, Mr. Men

British

Rice, AnneAnne Rice
75 million[116]
100 million[117]
English
Gothic fiction, vampires, Interview with the Vampire (The Vampire Chronicles)
27
American

Cook, RobinRobin Cook
100 million[118]
100 million[119]
English
Medical thriller
27
American

Smith, WilburWilbur Smith
80 million[120]
100 million[121]
English
African adventure
32
Zambian

Caldwell, ErskineErskine Caldwell
80 million[122]
100 million[123]
English
Literature
25
American

Judith Krantz
80 million[citation needed]
100 million[citation needed]
English
Romance
12
American

Hibbert, EleanorEleanor Hibbert
100 million[124]
100 million[125]
English
Romance, historical, suspense
200
British

Carroll, LewisLewis Carroll

100 million[126]
English
Alice's Adventures in Wonderland, absurdist literature
5
British

Robins, DeniseDenise Robins

100 million[127]
English
Romance
200
British

Xueqin, CaoCao Xueqin

100 million[128]
Chinese
Dream of the Red Chamber

Chinese

Fleming, IanIan Fleming
100 million[129]
100 million[130]
English
James Bond
14
British

Hesse, HermannHermann Hesse
100 million[131]
100 million[132]
German
Steppenwolf, Siddhartha, The Glass Bead Game
45
German-Swiss

Stout, RexRex Stout
100 million[133]
100 million[134]
English
Nero Wolfe
50
American

Golon, AnneAnne Golon
100 million[135]
100 million[136]
French
Angélique
14
French

Slaughter, Frank G.Frank G. Slaughter

100 million[137]
English
Medical
62
American

Burroughs, Edgar RiceEdgar Rice Burroughs
100 million[138]
100 million[139]
English
Tarzan, Barsoom and Pellucidar series, science fantasy

American

Creasey, JohnJohn Creasey

100 million[140]
English
Crime thriller
600
British

Michener, James A.James A. Michener

100 million[141]
English
Historical
47
American

Uchida, YasuoYasuo Uchida

100 million[142]
Japanese
Mystery
130+
Japanese

Morimura, SeiichiSeiichi Morimura

100 million[142]
Japanese
Mystery
350+
Japanese

Higgins Clark, MaryMary Higgins Clark
100 million[143]
100 million[144]
English
Thriller

American

Jordan, PennyPenny Jordan
90 million[145]
100 million[146]
English
Romance
200+
British

Cornwell, PatriciaPatricia Cornwell

100 million[147]
English
Thriller
34+
American

Clancy, TomTom Clancy

100 million[148]
English
Thriller

American


document_title: Toilet paper

question_text: when was toilet paper invented in ancient china

text: Toilet paper

text: History

text: Although paper had been known as a wrapping and padding material in China since the 2nd century BC,[2] the first documented use of toilet paper in human history dates back to the 6th century AD, in early medieval China.[1] In 589 AD the scholar-official Yan Zhitui (531–591) wrote about the use of toilet paper:

text: Paper on which there are quotations or commentaries from the Five Classics or the names of sages, I dare not use for toilet purposes.[1]

text: During the later Tang dynasty (618–907 AD), an Arab traveller to China in the year 851 AD remarked:

text: ...they [the Chinese] do not wash themselves with water when they have done their necessities; but they only wipe themselves with paper.[1]

text: During the early 14th century, it was recorded that in modern-day Zhejiang province alone there was an annual manufacturing of toilet paper amounting in ten million packages of 1,000 to 10,000 sheets of toilet paper each.[1] During the Ming dynasty (1368–1644 AD), it was recorded in 1393 that an annual supply of 720,000 sheets of toilet paper (two by three feet in size) were produced for the general use of the imperial court at the capital of Nanjing.[1] From the records of the Imperial Bureau of Supplies of that same year, it was also recorded that for the Hongwu Emperor's imperial family alone, there were 15,000 sheets of special soft-fabric toilet paper made, and each sheet of toilet paper was even perfumed.[1]

text: Elsewhere, wealthy people wiped themselves with wool, lace or hemp, while less wealthy people used their hand when defecating into rivers, or cleaned themselves with various materials such as rags, wood shavings, leaves, grass, hay, stone, sand, moss, water, snow, maize, ferns, many plant husks, fruit skins, or seashells, and corncobs, depending upon the country and weather conditions or social customs. In Ancient Rome, a sponge on a stick[citation needed] was commonly used, and, after use, placed back in a pail of vinegar. Several talmudic sources indicating ancient Jewish practice refer to the use of small pebbles, often carried in a special bag, and also to the use of dry grass and of the smooth edges of broken pottery jugs (e.g., Shabbat 81a, 82a, Yevamot 59b). These are all cited in the classic Biblical and Talmudic Medicine by the German physician Julius Preuss (Eng. trans. Sanhedrin Press, 1978).

text: The 16th-century French satirical writer François Rabelais, in Chapter XIII of Book 1 of his novel sequence Gargantua and Pantagruel, has his character Gargantua investigate a great number of ways of cleansing oneself after defecating. Gargantua dismisses the use of paper as ineffective, rhyming that: "Who his foul tail with paper wipes, Shall at his ballocks leave some chips." (Sir Thomas Urquhart's 1653 English translation). He concludes that "the neck of a goose, that is well downed" provides an optimum cleansing medium.[3]

text: The rise of publishing by the eighteenth century led to the use of newspapers and cheap editions of popular books for cleansing. Lord Chesterfield, in a letter to his son in 1747, told of a man who purchased

text: a common edition of Horace, of which he tore off gradually a couple of pages, carried them with him to that necessary place, read them first, and then sent them down as a sacrifice to Cloacina; thus was so much time fairly gained ....[4]

text: In many parts of the world, especially where toilet paper or the necessary plumbing for disposal may be unavailable or unaffordable, toilet paper is not used. Also, in many parts of the world such as India, people consider using water a much cleaner and more sanitary practice than using paper.[5] Cleansing is then performed with other methods or materials, such as water, for example using a bidet, a lota, rags, sand, leaves (including seaweed), corn cobs, animal furs, sticks or hands; afterwards, hands are washed with water and possibly soap.

text: As a commodity

text: Joseph Gayetty is widely credited with being the inventor of modern commercially available toilet paper in the United States. Gayetty's paper, first introduced in 1857, was available as late as the 1920s. Gayetty's Medicated Paper was sold in packages of flat sheets, watermarked with the inventor's name. Original advertisements for the product used the tagline "The greatest necessity of the age! Gayetty's medicated paper for the water-closet."

text: Seth Wheeler of Albany, New York, obtained the earliest United States patents for toilet paper and dispensers, the types of which eventually were in common use in that country, in 1883.[6]

text: The manufacturing of this product had a long period of refinement, considering that as late as the 1930s, a selling point of the Northern Tissue company was that their toilet paper was "splinter free".[7]

text: Moist toilet paper, called wet wipes, was first introduced in the United Kingdom by Andrex in the 1990s, and in the United States by Kimberly-Clark in 2001. It has been promoted as being a better method of cleaning than dry toilet paper after defecation, and may be useful for women during menstruation. It was promoted as a flushable product but it has been implicated in the creation of fatbergs. By 2016, some municipalities had begun education campaigns advising people not to flush used wet wipes.[8]

text: More than seven billion rolls of toilet paper are sold yearly in the U.S. alone. Americans use an average of 23.6 rolls per capita per year.[9]

text: Description

text: Toilet paper is available in several types of paper, a variety of patterns, decorations, and textures, and it may be moistened or perfumed, although fragrances sometimes cause problems for users who are allergic to perfumes. The average measures of a modern roll of toilet paper is c. 10 cm (315/16 in.) wide, and 12 cm (423/32 in.) in diameter, and weighs about 227 grams (8 oz.).[10] An alternative method of packing the sheets uses interleaved sheets in boxes, or in bulk for use in dispensers. "Hard" single ply paper has been used as well as soft multi-ply.

text: Size

text: Manufactured toilet paper sheet in the United States was sized 41/2" × 41/2".[11] Since 1999 the size of a sheet has been shrinking; Kimberly-Clark reduced the length of a sheet to 4.1".[12] Scott, in 2006, reduced the length of their product to 3.7". The width of sheets was later reduced giving a general sheet size of 3.7" long and 4.1" wide. Larger sizes remain available. This variability in size has resulted in some issues with toilet paper dispensers.

text: Materials

text: Toilet paper products vary greatly in the distinguishing technical factors, such as size, weight, roughness, softness, chemical residues, "finger-breakthrough" resistance, water-absorption, etc. The larger companies have very detailed, scientific market surveys to determine which marketing sectors require or demand which of the many technical qualities. Modern toilet paper may have a light coating of aloe or lotion or wax worked into the paper to reduce roughness.

text: Quality is usually determined by the number of plies (stacked sheets), coarseness, and durability. Low grade institutional toilet paper is typically of the lowest grade of paper, has only one or two plies, is very coarse and sometimes contains small amounts of embedded unbleached/unpulped paper.[13] Mid-grade two ply is somewhat textured to provide some softness and is somewhat stronger. Premium toilet paper may have lotion and wax and has two to four plies of very finely pulped paper. If it is marketed as "luxury", it may be quilted or rippled (embossed), perfumed, colored or patterned, medicated (with anti-bacterial chemicals), or treated with aloe or other perfumes.

text: In order to advance decomposition of the paper in septic tanks or drainage, the paper used has shorter fibres than facial tissue or writing paper. The manufacturer tries to reach an optimal balance between rapid decomposition (which requires shorter fibres) and sturdiness (which requires longer fibres). Compaction of toilet paper in drain lines, such as in a clog, prevents fiber dispersion and largely halts the breakdown process.

text: A German quip says that the toilet paper of Nazi Germany was so rough and scratchy that it was almost unusable, so many people used old issues of the Völkischer Beobachter instead, because the paper was softer.[14]

text: Color and design

text: Colored toilet paper in colors such as pink, lavender, light blue, light green, purple, green, and light yellow (so that one could choose a color of toilet paper that matched or complemented the color of one's bathroom) was commonly sold in the United States from the 1960s. Up until 2004, Scott was one of the last remaining U.S. manufacturers to still produce toilet paper in beige, blue, and pink. However, the company has since cut production of colored paper altogether.[15]

text: Today, in the United States, plain unpatterned colored toilet paper has been mostly replaced by patterned toilet paper, normally white, with embossed decorative patterns or designs in various colors and different sizes depending on the brand. Colored toilet paper remains commonly available in some European countries.

text: An unintended problem with the design of the laminated construction of the sheets in a roll is that, on occasion whilst un-rolling, separation occurs between laminations rather than at the intended interface. Perforations then become misaligned and sheets cannot be torn off cleanly. The problem is resolved by careful un-winding of one or more laminations until the perforations re-align.

text: Installation

text: Dispensers

text: A toilet roll holder, also known as a toilet paper dispenser, is an item that holds a roll of toilet paper. There are at least seven types of holders:

text:
A horizontal piece of wire mounted on a hinge, hanging from a door or wall.
A horizontal axle recessed in the wall.
A vertical axle recessed in the wall
A horizontal axle mounted on a freestanding frame.
A freestanding vertical pole on a base.
A wall mounted dispensing unit, usually containing more than one roll. This is used in the commercial / away-from-home marketplace.
A wall mounted dispensing unit with tissue interfolded in a "S" type leave so the user can extract the tissue one sheet at a time.

tag: ol

text: Some commercial or institutional toilet paper is wrapped around a cylinder to many times the thickness of a standard toilet paper roll.

text: Orientation

text: There are two choices of orientation when using a holder with a horizontal axle parallel to the wall: the toilet paper may hang over or under the roll. The choice is largely a matter of personal preference, dictated by habit. In surveys of American consumers and of bath and kitchen specialists, 60-70% of respondents prefer over.

text: Decoration

text: Toilegami refers to toilet paper origami. Like table napkins, some fancy Japanese hotels fold the first squares of toilet paper on its dispenser to be presented in a fashionable way.[16]

text: Recreational use

text: In the United States, toilet paper has been the primary tool in a prank known as "TP-ing" (pronounced Teepeeing). TP-ing, or "toilet papering", is often favored by adolescents and teenagers and is the act of throwing rolls of toilet paper over cars, trees, houses and gardens, causing the toilet paper to unfurl and cover the property, creating an inconvenient mess.[17]

text: "spitballing" or "wet TP-ing".[citation needed] is where you wad up a handful of toilet paper, soaking it in water or any other liquid and throwing it at a target, usually the ceiling. The wad of toilet paper is usually adhesive due to its moist state, which causes it to stick to the target for maximum inconvenience. If left to dry it will be difficult to remove, especially in hard to reach areas, like the ceiling of a school bathroom.

text: Children and cats[18] have taken to unrolling an entire roll of toilet paper by spinning it until it completely unravels on the floor, or as a game by children wadding up one end, putting it in the toilet bowl without tearing and then using the flushing of the toilet to pull new paper into the toilet. The game being if you can keep flushing the entire roll down the toilet section at a time before the toilet paper breaks. Special toilet paper insert holder with an oblong shape were invented to prevent continuous unrolling without tearing to discourage this practice.

text: Toilet paper pranks include musical toilet paper holders and inserts that are activated by the unrolling of the toilet paper and will loudly play an embarrassing song calling attention to the person defecating.

text: Other gags include custom toilet paper printed with jokes, stories or politician's images.[19]

text: Mechanics

text: Alexander Balankin and coauthors have studied the behavior of toilet paper under tensile stress[20][21] and during wetting and burning.[22]

text: Toilet paper has been used in physics education to demonstrate the concepts of torque, moment of inertia, and angular momentum;[23][24][25] and the conservation of momentum and energy.[26]

text: Environmental considerations

text: One tree produces about 100 pounds (45 kg) of toilet paper and about 83 million rolls are produced per day.[10] Global toilet paper production consumes 27,000 trees daily.[27]

text: More than seven billion rolls of toilet paper are sold yearly in the United States alone. Americans use an average of 23.6 rolls per capita a year. The average American uses 50 pounds (23 kg) of tissue paper per year which is 50% more than the average of other Western countries or Japan.[28] The higher use in the United States may be explained by the fact that other countries people use bidets or spray hoses to clean themselves.[29] Millions of trees are harvested in North and South America leaving ecological footprint concerns.[30] Citizens of many Western countries sometimes use toilet paper for industrial purposes such as oil filters,[31] which may distort the use statistics.

text: As of 2009[update], between 22% and 48% of the toilet paper used in the United States comes from tree farms in the U.S. and South America, with most of the rest coming from second growth forests, and only a small percentage coming from virgin forests.[9]


document_title: André the Giant Memorial Battle Royal

question_text: who has won the andre the giant battle royal

text: André the Giant Memorial Battle Royal

text: History[edit]

text: On the March 10, 2014 episode of Raw, WrestleMania XXX host Hulk Hogan announced that he was establishing the André the Giant Memorial Battle Royal in honor of André's legacy that would take place at the event on April 6, with the winner receiving the André the Giant Memorial Trophy (made in the likeness of André).[2] Cesaro would win the match after eliminating Big Show using a body slam similar to the body slam Hogan used on André at WrestleMania III.[3]

text: At WrestleMania 31 on March 29, 2015, the second annual André the Giant Memorial Battle Royal took place at Levi's Stadium as part of the Kickoff Show (pre-show), establishing the match as a yearly tradition at WWE's marquee event. Big Show - a wrestler often compared to André due to his similar size and stature, and originally billed as André's (storyline) son when he debuted in World Championship Wrestling in 1995 - won the match by last eliminating Damien Mizdow.[4]

text: At WrestleMania 32 on April 3, 2016, the third annual André the Giant Memorial Battle Royal was held on the main card with Baron Corbin last eliminating Kane to win the match, which was also notable for former NBA player Shaquille O'Neal entering as a surprise participant.[5]

text: The fourth annual André the Giant Memorial Battle Royal was held at WrestleMania 33 on April 2, 2017 as part of the Kickoff Show. The match was won by Mojo Rawley, who was assisted by his friend, NFL player Rob Gronkowski, in last eliminating Jinder Mahal to win.

text: The fifth annual André the Giant Memorial Battle Royal took place at the venue where the original match occurred - the Superdome in New Orleans, Louisiana - as part of WrestleMania 34 on April 8, 2018. The match was won by Matt Hardy who eliminated Baron Corbin to win.

text: Reception[edit]

text: Writing for PWInsider in 2017, Dave Scherer saw no reason for viewers to care about the André the Giant Memorial Battle Royal, given how winners have been booked and further said: "It's great that talent will get on the show for WrestleMania, but that match hasn't meant anything thus far."[6]

text: Winners[edit]

text:
Winner
Date
Location
WrestleMania
Last eliminated

Cesaro
000000002014-04-06-0000April 6, 2014
New Orleans, Louisiana
XXX
Big Show

Big Show
000000002015-03-29-0000March 29, 2015
Santa Clara, California
31
Damien Mizdow

Baron Corbin
000000002016-04-03-0000April 3, 2016
Arlington, Texas
32
Kane

Mojo Rawley
000000002017-04-02-0000April 2, 2017
Orlando, Florida
33
Jinder Mahal

Matt Hardy
000000002018-04-08-0000April 8, 2018
New Orleans, Louisiana
34
Baron Corbin

text: Participants[edit]

text:
Superstar
XXX
31
32
33
34

Adam Rose

Aiden English

Alberto Del Rio

Alex Riley

Apollo (Crews)

Baron Corbin

Won

Big E

Big Show

Won

Bo Dallas

Brad Maddox

Braun Strowman

Brodus Clay

Cesaro
Won

Chad Gable

Cody Rhodes

Curt Hawkins

Curtis Axel

Damien Sandow/Mizdow

Darren Young

Dash Wilder

David Otunga

Diamond Dallas Page

Dolph Ziggler

Drew McIntyre

Epico/Fernando

Erick Rowan

Fandango

Goldust

The Great Khali

Heath Slater

Hideo Itami

Jack Swagger

Jason Jordan

Jey Uso

Jimmy Uso

Jinder Mahal

Justin Gabriel

Kalisto

Kane

Karl Anderson

Killian Dain

Kofi Kingston

Konnor

Luke Gallows

Luke Harper

Mark Henry

Matt Hardy

Won

Mike Kanellis

The Miz

Mojo Rawley

Won

Primo (Colón)/Diego

R-Truth

Rey Mysterio

Rhyno

Ryback

Sami Zayn

Santino Marella

Scott Dawson

Shaquille O'Neal

Sheamus

Shelton Benjamin

Simon Gotch

Sin Cara

Tatanka

Tian Bing

Titus O'Neil

Tye Dillinger

Tyler Breeze

Tyson Kidd

Viktor

Xavier Woods

Yoshi Tatsu

Zack Ryder


document_title: List of solar eclipses in the 21st century

question_text: when was the last time there was a solar eclipse in canada

text:
Lists of solar eclipses

Geometry of a total solar eclipse
(not to scale)

Centuries

BC[show]

20th
19th
18th
17th
16th
15th
14th
13th
12th
11th
10th
9th
8th
7th
6th
5th
4th
3rd
2nd
1st

AD

1st
2nd
3rd
4th
5th
6th
7th
8th
9th
10th
11th
12th
13th
14th
15th
16th
17th
18th
19th
20th
21st
22nd
23rd
24th
25th
26th
27th
28th
29th
30th

Eclipses seen from

Australia
China
Philippines
Russia
Ukraine
United Kingdom
United States

See also Lists of lunar eclipses

text: During the 21st century, there will be 224 solar eclipses of which 77 will be partial, 72 will be annular, 68 will be total and 7 will be hybrids between total and annular eclipses. Of these, two annular and one total eclipse will be non-central,[1] in the sense that the very center (axis) of the moon's shadow will miss the earth (for more information see gamma).[2] In the 21st century the greatest number of eclipses in one year is four, in 2011, 2029, 2047, 2065, 2076, and 2094. The predictions given here are by Fred Espenak of NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center.[1]

text: At this point, the longest duration in which the moon completely covered the sun, known as totality, was during the solar eclipse of July 22, 2009. This total solar eclipse had a maximum duration of 6 minutes and 39 seconds. The longest possible duration of a total solar eclipse is 7 minutes and 32 seconds. The longest annular solar eclipse of the 21st century took place on January 15, 2010, with a duration of 11 minutes and 8 seconds. The maximum possible duration is 12 minutes and 29 seconds. The eclipse of May 20, 2050, will be the second hybrid eclipse in the span of less than one year, the first one being on November 25, 2049.[a]

text: The next solar eclipse (Partial) will occur on February 15, 2018; the last solar eclipse (Total) occurred on August 21, 2017.

text: The table contains the date and time of the greatest eclipse (in dynamical time, which in this case is the time when the axis of the Moon's shadow cone passes closest to the centre of Earth; this is in Universal Time). The number of the saros series that the eclipse belongs to is given, followed by the magnitude of the eclipse (the fraction of the Sun's diameter obscured by the Moon) and the type of the eclipse (either total, annular, partial or hybrid). For total and annular eclipses, the duration of the eclipse is given, as well as the location of the greatest eclipse (the point of maximum eclipse) and the path width of the total or annular eclipse. The geographical areas from which the eclipse can be seen are listed.[3]

text:
Date
Time of
greatest eclipse
(UTC)
Saros
Type
Magnitude
Central
duration
(min:s)
Location
Path width
Geographical area
Ref(s)

km
mi

2001-06-21 June 21, 2001
12:04:46
127
Total
1.050
4:57
-11.3 11°18′S 2°42′E / 11.3°S 2.7°E / -11.3; 2.7
200
120
Total: Angola, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Mozambique and Madagascar
Partial: South America, Africa

[a][4]

2001-12-14 December 14, 2001
20:53:01
132
Annular
0.968
3:53
00.6 0°36′N 130°42′W / 0.6°N 130.7°W / 0.6; -130.7
126
78
Annular: Nicaragua and Costa Rica
Partial: North and Central America, northwestern South America, Hawaii

[a][4]

2002-06-10 June 10, 2002
23:45:22
137
Annular
0.996
0:23
34.5 34°30′N 178°36′W / 34.5°N 178.6°W / 34.5; -178.6
13
8.1
Annular: Manado, Indonesia, Guam, Northern Mariana Islands, and Puerto Vallarta, Mexico
Partial: eastern Asia, northeastern Australia, North America, Hawaii

[a][4]

2002-12-04 December 4, 2002
07:32:16
142
Total
1.024
2:04
-39.5 39°30′S 59°36′E / 39.5°S 59.6°E / -39.5; 59.6
87
54
Total: Angola, Botswana, Zimbabwe, South Africa, Mozambique and South Australia
Partial: Africa, Antarctica, Indonesia, Australia

[a][4]

2003-05-31 May 31, 2003
04:09:22
147
Annular
0.938
3:37
66.6 66°36′N 24°30′W / 66.6°N 24.5°W / 66.6; -24.5
—
Annular: Greenland, Iceland, northeastern Scotland, Faroe Islands, Shetland Islands
Partial: Eastern Europe, northern and western Asia, Middle East, Alaska, Greenland and northwestern Canada

[a][4]

2003-11-23 November 23, 2003
22:50:22
152
Total
1.038
1:57
-72.7 72°42′S 88°24′E / 72.7°S 88.4°E / -72.7; 88.4
495
308
Total: East Antarctica
Partial: Australia, New Zealand, Antarctica, southern Chile and Argentina

[a][4]

2004-04-19 April 19, 2004
13:35:05
119
Partial
0.737
—
-61.6 61°36′S 44°18′E / 61.6°S 44.3°E / -61.6; 44.3
—
Partial: Antarctic Peninsula, east Antarctica, southern Africa
[a][4]

2004-10-14 October 14, 2004
03:00:23
124
Partial
0.928
—
61.2 61°12′N 153°42′W / 61.2°N 153.7°W / 61.2; -153.7
—
Partial: eastern Russia, Mongolia, Northeastern China, Korea, Japan, Hawaii, western Alaska
[a][4]

2005-04-08 April 8, 2005
20:36:51
129
Hybrid
1.007
0:42
-10.6 10°36′S 119°00′W / 10.6°S 119.0°W / -10.6; -119.0
27
17
Hybrid: Venezuela, Colombia, Panama, southeastern French Polynesia, Bounty Islands
Partial: Pacific, Mexico, Central America, Caribbean, western South America, New Zealand, West Antarctica

[a][4]

2005-10-03 October 3, 2005
10:32:47
134
Annular
0.958
4:32
12.9 12°54′N 28°42′E / 12.9°N 28.7°E / 12.9; 28.7
162
101
Annular: Portugal, Spain, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, Chad, Sudan, Kenya and Somalia
Partial: Africa, Europe, Western Asia, Middle East and India Pakistan

[a][4]

2006-03-29 March 29, 2006
10:12:23
139
Total
1.052
4:07
23.2 23°12′N 16°42′E / 23.2°N 16.7°E / 23.2; 16.7
104
65
Total: Brazil, Ghana, Togo, Benin, Nigeria, Niger, Libya, northwest Egypt, Turkey, Georgia, southwestern Russia and Kazakhstan
Partial: North Africa, Central Africa, eastern Brazil, Central Asia, Middle East, India Pakistan and Europe

[a][4]

2006-09-22 September 22, 2006
11:41:16
144
Annular
0.935
7:09
-20.6 20°36′S 9°06′W / 20.6°S 9.1°W / -20.6; -9.1
261
162
Annular: Guyana, Suriname and French Guiana
Partial: South America, West Africa, Southern Africa, Antarctic Peninsula, east Antarctica

[a][4]

2007-03-19 March 19, 2007
02:32:57
149
Partial
0.876
—
61.0 61°00′N 55°30′E / 61.0°N 55.5°E / 61.0; 55.5
—
Partial: Asia, western Alaska
[a][4]

2007-09-11 September 11, 2007
12:32:24
154
Partial
0.751
—
-61.0 61°00′S 90°12′W / 61.0°S 90.2°W / -61.0; -90.2
—
Partial: Central and Southern South America, Antarctic Peninsula, east Antarctica, south Atlantic
[a][4]

2008-02-07 February 7, 2008
03:56:10
121
Annular
0.965
2:12
-67.6 67°36′S 150°30′W / 67.6°S 150.5°W / -67.6; -150.5
444
276
Annular: West Antarctica
Partial: Antarctica, southeastern Australia, New Zealand, southeastern Melanesia, southeastern Micronesia, southeastern Polynesia

[a][4]

2008-08-01 August 1, 2008
10:22:12
126
Total
1.039
2:27
65.7 65°42′N 72°18′E / 65.7°N 72.3°E / 65.7; 72.3
237
147
Total: Nunavut, northern Greenland, central Russia, western Mongolia, western China
Partial: Nova Scotia, PEI, New Brunswick, Quebec, Nunavut, Greenland, northern Europe, Asia

[a][4]

2009-01-26 January 26, 2009
07:59:45
131
Annular
0.928
7:54
-34.1 34°06′S 70°12′E / 34.1°S 70.2°E / -34.1; 70.2
280
170
Annular: southeast Sumatra, Jakarta and Borneo
Partial: Southern Africa, east Antarctica, South East Asia, Philippines, Australia

[a][4]

2009-07-22 July 22, 2009
02:36:25
136
Total
1.080
6:39
24.2 24°12′N 144°06′E / 24.2°N 144.1°E / 24.2; 144.1
258
160
Total: central and northeastern Pakistan India, Bhutan, Bangladesh, Myanmar, China, northern part of the Ryukyu Islands (Satsunan)
Partial: Southeast Asia, Japan, South Korea, the Philippines, Indonesia, Central Pacific Ocean area and its islands

[a][4]

2010-01-15 January 15, 2010
07:07:39
141
Annular
0.919
11:08
01.6 1°36′N 69°18′E / 1.6°N 69.3°E / 1.6; 69.3
333
207
Annular: Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Uganda, Maldives, southeastern India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, central China
Partial: Africa, Southeastern Europe, Middle East, Asia

[a][4]

2010-07-11 July 11, 2010
19:34:38
146
Total
1.058
5:20
-19.7 19°42′S 121°54′W / 19.7°S 121.9°W / -19.7; -121.9
259
161
Total: Southern Chile and Argentina, Southeastern Polynesia
Partial: southwestern South America, French Polynesia, Hawaii

[a][4]

2011-01-04 January 4, 2011
08:51:42
151
Partial
0.858
—
64.7 64°42′N 20°48′E / 64.7°N 20.8°E / 64.7; 20.8
—
Partial: Europe, Northern Africa, Central Asia, Middle East
[a][4]

2011-06-01 June 1, 2011
21:17:18
118
Partial
0.601
—
67.8 67°48′N 46°48′E / 67.8°N 46.8°E / 67.8; 46.8
—
Partial: Iceland, northern Canada, Alaska, northeastern Asia, Greenland, northern Scandinavia
[a][4]

2011-07-01 July 1, 2011
08:39:30
156
Partial
0.097
—
-65.2 65°12′S 28°36′E / 65.2°S 28.6°E / -65.2; 28.6
—
Partial: Southern Indian Ocean near Antarctica
[a][4]

2011-11-25 November 25, 2011
06:21:24
123
Partial
0.905
—
-68.6 68°36′S 82°24′W / 68.6°S 82.4°W / -68.6; -82.4
—
Partial: Southwestern South Africa, Antarctica, Tasmania, New Zealand
[a][4]

2012-05-20 May 20, 2012
23:53:54
128
Annular
0.944
5:46
49.1 49°06′N 176°18′E / 49.1°N 176.3°E / 49.1; 176.3
237
147
Annular: Southern China, Hong Kong, Macau, Kyushu, Shikoku, southern Honshu, Tokyo, Oregon, California, Nevada, Utah, Arizona, New Mexico, Texas
Partial: Pacific, eastern Asia, North America, Hawaii

[a][4]

2012-11-13 November 13, 2012
22:12:55
133
Total
1.050
4:02
-40.0 40°00′S 161°18′W / 40.0°S 161.3°W / -40.0; -161.3
179
111
Total: Arnhem Land and central Cape York Peninsula, Australia, Kermadec Islands, New Zealand
Partial: Australia, New Zealand, Melanesia, Southeastern South America, Southern Pacific, Polynesia, Antarctic Peninsula, West Antarctica, Talos Dome

[a][4]

2013-05-10 May 10, 2013
00:26:20
138
Annular
0.954
6:03
02.2 2°12′N 175°30′E / 2.2°N 175.5°E / 2.2; 175.5
173
107
Annular: Western Australia, Northern Territory and Queensland, Australia, Louisiade Archipelago, Solomon Islands, Kiribati
Partial: Australia, New Zealand, Central Pacific, Hawaii, Indonesia

[a][4]

2013-11-03 November 3, 2013
12:47:36
143
Hybrid
1.016
1:40
03.5 3°30′N 11°42′W / 3.5°N 11.7°W / 3.5; -11.7
58
36
Hybrid: Gabon, Republic of the Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Uganda, Kenya, Ethiopia
Partial: Eastern America, Eastern Canada, Caribbean, Eastern South America, South Europe, Africa

[a][4]

2014-04-29 April 29, 2014
06:04:33
148
Annular (non-central)
0.987
—
-70.6 70°36′S 131°18′E / 70.6°S 131.3°E / -70.6; 131.3
—
Annular: western Wilkes Land

Partial: South Indian Ocean, Australia, east Antarctica

[a][4]

2014-10-23 October 23, 2014
21:45:39
153
Partial
0.811
—
71.2 71°12′N 97°12′W / 71.2°N 97.2°W / 71.2; -97.2
—
Partial: Northern Pacific, North America, Mexico, Eastern Russia
[a][4]

2015-03-20 March 20, 2015
09:46:47
120
Total
1.045
2:47
64.4 64°24′N 6°36′W / 64.4°N 6.6°W / 64.4; -6.6
463
288
Total: Faroe Islands, Svalbard, North Atlantic, North Pole
Partial: Greenland, Europe, Central Asia, Western Russia

[a][4]

2015-09-13 September 13, 2015
06:55:19
125
Partial
0.788
—
-72.1 72°06′S 2°18′W / 72.1°S 2.3°W / -72.1; -2.3
—
Partial: Southern Africa, South Indian Ocean, east Antarctica
[a][4]

2016-03-09 March 9, 2016
01:58:19
130
Total
1.045
4:09
10.1 10°06′N 148°48′E / 10.1°N 148.8°E / 10.1; 148.8
155
96
Total: Indonesia, Micronesia, Marshall Islands
Partial: Southeastern Asia, Korea, Japan, Eastern Russia, Alaska, northwestern Australia, Hawaii, Pacific

[a][4]

2016-09-01 September 1, 2016
09:08:02
135
Annular
0.974
3:06
-10.7 10°42′S 37°48′E / 10.7°S 37.8°E / -10.7; 37.8
100
62
Annular: Atlantic, Central Africa, Madagascar, Indian
Partial: Africa, Indian Ocean

[a][5]

2017-02-26 February 26, 2017
14:54:33
140
Annular
0.992
0:44
-34.7 34°42′S 31°12′W / 34.7°S 31.2°W / -34.7; -31.2
31
19
Annular: southern Chile and Argentina, Angola, southwestern Katanga
Partial: Southern and Western Africa, Southern South America, Antarctica

[a][4]

2017-08-21 August 21, 2017
18:26:40
145
Total
1.031
2:40
37.0 37°00′N 87°42′W / 37.0°N 87.7°W / 37.0; -87.7
115
71
Total: Oregon, Idaho, Wyoming, Nebraska, northeastern Kansas, Missouri, Southern Illinois, Western Kentucky, Tennessee, Southwestern North Carolina, northeastern Georgia, South Carolina
Partial: North America, Hawaii, Greenland, Iceland, British Isles, Portugal, Central America, Caribbean, northern South America, Chukchi Peninsula

[a][4] [6]

2018-02-15 February 15, 2018
20:52:33
150
Partial
0.599
—
-71.0 71°00′S 0°36′E / 71.0°S 0.6°E / -71.0; 0.6
—
Partial: Antarctica, Southern South America
[a][4]

2018-07-13 July 13, 2018
03:02:16
117
Partial
0.336
—
-67.9 67°54′S 127°24′E / 67.9°S 127.4°E / -67.9; 127.4
—
Partial: South Australia, Victoria, Tasmania, Indian Ocean, Budd Coast
[a][4]

2018-08-11 August 11, 2018
09:47:28
155
Partial
0.737
—
70.4 70°24′N 174°30′E / 70.4°N 174.5°E / 70.4; 174.5
—
Partial: Northeastern Canada, Greenland, Iceland, Arctic Ocean, Scandinavia, northern British Isles, Russia, northern Asia
[a][4]

2019-01-06 January 6, 2019
01:42:38
122
Partial
0.715
—
67.4 67°24′N 153°36′E / 67.4°N 153.6°E / 67.4; 153.6
—
Partial: Northeastern Asia, Southwestern Alaska, Aleutian Islands
[a][4]

2019-07-02 July 2, 2019
19:24:08
127
Total
1.046
4:33
-17.4 17°24′S 109°00′W / 17.4°S 109.0°W / -17.4; -109.0
201
125
Total: Pitcairn Islands, central Argentina and Chile, Tuamotu Archipelago
Partial: South America, Easter Island, Galapagos Islands, Southern Central America, Polynesia

[a][4]

2019-12-26 December 26, 2019
05:18:53
132
Annular
0.970
3:40
01.0 1°00′N 102°18′E / 1.0°N 102.3°E / 1.0; 102.3
118
73
Annular: northeastern Pakistan Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar, United Arab Emirates, Oman, Lakshadweep, Southern India, Sri Lanka, northern Sumatra, southern Malaysia, Singapore, Borneo, central Indonesia, Palau, Micronesia, Guam
Partial: Asia, Western Melanesia, northwestern Australia, Middle East, East Africa

[a][4]

2020-06-21 June 21, 2020
06:41:15
137
Annular
0.994
0:38
30.5 30°30′N 79°42′E / 30.5°N 79.7°E / 30.5; 79.7
21
13
Annular: Democratic Republic of the Congo, Sudan, Ethiopia, Eritrea, Yemen, Empty Quarter, Oman, southern Pakistan, northern India, New Delhi, Tibet, southern China, Chongqing, Taiwan
Partial: Asia, Southeastern Europe, Africa, Middle East, West Melanesia, Western Australia, Northern Territory, Cape York Peninsula

[a][4]

2020-12-14 December 14, 2020
16:14:39
142
Total
1.025
2:10
-40.3 40°18′S 67°54′W / 40.3°S 67.9°W / -40.3; -67.9
90
56
Total: Southern Chile and Argentina, Kiribati, Polynesia
Partial: Central and Southern South America, Southwest Africa, Antarctic Peninsula, Ellsworth Land, Western Queen Maud Land

[a][4]

2021-06-10 June 10, 2021
10:43:07
147
Annular
0.943
3:51
80.8 80°48′N 66°48′W / 80.8°N 66.8°W / 80.8; -66.8
527
327
Annular: Northern Canada, Greenland, Russia
Partial: Northern North America, Europe, Asia

[a][7]

2021-12-04 December 4, 2021
07:34:38
152
Total
1.037
1:54
-76.8 76°48′S 46°12′W / 76.8°S 46.2°W / -76.8; -46.2
419
260
Total: Antarctica
Partial: South Africa, South Atlantic
[a][7]

2022-04-30 April 30, 2022
20:42:36
119
Partial
0.640
—
-62.1 62°06′S 71°30′W / 62.1°S 71.5°W / -62.1; -71.5
—
Partial: Southeast Pacific, Southern South America
[a][7]

2022-10-25 October 25, 2022
11:01:20
124
Partial
0.862
—
61.6 61°36′N 77°24′E / 61.6°N 77.4°E / 61.6; 77.4
—
Partial: Europe, northeast Africa, Mid East, West Asia
[a][7]

2023-04-20 April 20, 2023
04:17:56
129
Hybrid
1.013
1:16
-09.6 9°36′S 125°48′E / 9.6°S 125.8°E / -9.6; 125.8
49
30
Hybrid: Indonesia, Australia, Papua New Guinea
Partial: Southeast Asia, East Indies, Philippines, New Zealand
[a][7]

2023-10-14 October 14, 2023
18:00:41
134
Annular
0.952
5:17
11.4 11°24′N 83°06′W / 11.4°N 83.1°W / 11.4; -83.1
187
116
Annular: Western United States, Central America, Colombia, Brazil
Partial: North America, Central America, South America
[a][7]

2024-04-08 April 8, 2024
18:18:29
139
Total
1.057
4:28
25.3 25°18′N 104°06′W / 25.3°N 104.1°W / 25.3; -104.1
198
123
Total: Mexico, central and northeastern United States, East Canada
Partial: North America, Central America
[a][7]

2024-10-02 October 2, 2024
18:46:13
144
Annular
0.933
7:25
-22.0 22°00′S 114°30′W / 22.0°S 114.5°W / -22.0; -114.5
266
165
Annular: Southern Chile, Southern Argentina
Partial: Pacific, Southern South America
[a][7]

2025-03-29 March 29, 2025
10:48:36
149
Partial
0.938
—
61.1 61°06′N 77°06′W / 61.1°N 77.1°W / 61.1; -77.1
—
Partial: Northwest Africa, Europe, northern Russia
[a][7]

2025-09-21 September 21, 2025
19:43:04
154
Partial
0.855
—
-60.9 60°54′S 153°30′E / 60.9°S 153.5°E / -60.9; 153.5
—
Partial: South Pacific, New Zealand, Antarctica
[a][7]

2026-02-17 February 17, 2026
12:13:06
121
Annular
0.963
2:20
-64.7 64°42′S 86°48′E / 64.7°S 86.8°E / -64.7; 86.8
616
383
Annular: Antarctica
Partial: South Argentina, Chile, South Africa, Antarctica
[a][7]

2026-08-12 August 12, 2026
17:47:06
126
Total
1.039
2:18
65.2 65°12′N 25°12′W / 65.2°N 25.2°W / 65.2; -25.2
294
183
Total: Arctic, Greenland, Iceland, Spain, Northeastern Portugal
Partial: Northern North America, Western Africa, Europe
[a][7]

2027-02-06 February 6, 2027
16:00:48
131
Annular
0.928
7:51
-31.3 31°18′S 48°30′W / 31.3°S 48.5°W / -31.3; -48.5
282
175
Annular: Chile, Argentina, Atlantic
Partial: South America, Antarctica, West and South Africa
[a][7]

2027-08-02 August 2, 2027
10:07:50
136
Total
1.079
6:23
25.5 25°30′N 33°12′E / 25.5°N 33.2°E / 25.5; 33.2
258
160
Total: Morocco, Spain, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Somalia
Partial: Africa, Europe, Mid East, West and South Asia
[a][7]

2028-01-26 January 26, 2028
15:08:59
141
Annular
0.921
10:27
03.0 3°00′N 51°30′W / 3.0°N 51.5°W / 3.0; -51.5
323
201
Annular: Ecuador, Peru, Brazil, Suriname, Spain, Portugal
Partial: Eastern North America, Central and South America, Western Europe, northwest Africa
[a][7]

2028-07-22 July 22, 2028
02:56:40
146
Total
1.056
5:10
-15.6 15°36′S 126°42′E / 15.6°S 126.7°E / -15.6; 126.7
230
140
Total: Australia, New Zealand
Partial: Southeast Asia, East Indies
[a][7]

2029-01-14 January 14, 2029
17:13:48
151
Partial
0.871
—
63.7 63°42′N 114°12′W / 63.7°N 114.2°W / 63.7; -114.2
—
Partial: North America, Central America
[a][7]

2029-06-12 June 12, 2029
04:06:13
118
Partial
0.458
—
66.8 66°48′N 66°12′W / 66.8°N 66.2°W / 66.8; -66.2
—
Partial: Arctic, Scandinavia, Alaska, northern Asia, northern Canada
[a][7]

2029-07-11 July 11, 2029
15:37:19
156
Partial
0.230
—
-64.3 64°18′S 85°36′W / 64.3°S 85.6°W / -64.3; -85.6
—
Partial: Southern Chile, Southern Argentina
[a][7]

2029-12-05 December 5, 2029
15:03:58
123
Partial
0.891
—
-67.5 67°30′S 135°42′E / 67.5°S 135.7°E / -67.5; 135.7
—
Partial: Southern Argentina, Southern Chile, Antarctica
[a][7]

2030-06-01 June 1, 2030
06:29:13
128
Annular
0.944
5:21
56.5 56°30′N 80°06′E / 56.5°N 80.1°E / 56.5; 80.1
250
160
Annular: Algeria, Tunisia, Greece, Turkey, Russia, northern China, Japan
Partial: Europe, Northern Africa, Mid East, Asia, Arctic, Alaska
[a][7]

2030-11-25 November 25, 2030
06:51:37
133
Total
1.047
3:44
-43.6 43°36′S 71°12′E / 43.6°S 71.2°E / -43.6; 71.2
169
105
Total: Botswana, South Africa, Australia
Partial: South Africa, Southern Indian Ocean, East Indies, Australia, Antarctica
[a][7]

2031-05-21 May 21, 2031
07:16:04
138
Annular
0.959
5:26
08.9 8°54′N 71°42′E / 8.9°N 71.7°E / 8.9; 71.7
152
94
Annular: Angola, Republic of the Congo, Zambia, Tanzania, south Indian Ocean, Malaysia, Indonesia
Partial: Africa, south Asia, East Indies, Australia
[a][8]

2031-11-14 November 14, 2031
21:07:31
143
Hybrid
1.011
1:08
-00.6 0°36′S 137°36′W / 0.6°S 137.6°W / -0.6; -137.6
38
24
Hybrid: Pacific, Panama
Partial: south United States, Central America, northwest South America
[a][8]

2032-05-09 May 9, 2032
13:26:42
148
Annular
0.996
0:22
-51.3 51°18′S 7°06′W / 51.3°S 7.1°W / -51.3; -7.1
44
27
Annular: south Atlantic
Partial: south South America, South Africa
[a][8]

2032-11-03 November 3, 2032
05:34:13
153
Partial
0.855
—
70.4 70°24′N 132°36′E / 70.4°N 132.6°E / 70.4; 132.6
—
Partial: Asia
[a][8]

2033-03-30 March 30, 2033
18:02:36
120
Total
1.046
2:37
71.3 71°18′N 155°48′W / 71.3°N 155.8°W / 71.3; -155.8
781
485
Total: east Russia, Alaska
Partial: North America
[a][8]

2033-09-23 September 23, 2033
13:54:31
125
Partial
0.689
—
-72.2 72°12′S 121°12′W / 72.2°S 121.2°W / -72.2; -121.2
—
Partial: south South America, Antarctica
[a][8]

2034-03-20 March 20, 2034
10:18:45
130
Total
1.046
4:09
16°06′N 22°12′E / 16.1°N 22.2°E / 16.1; 22.2
159
99
Total: Nigeria, Cameroon, Chad, Sudan, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan, India, China
Partial: Africa, Europe, west Asia
[a][8]

2034-09-12 September 12, 2034
16:19:28
135
Annular
0.974
2:58
-18.2 18°12′S 72°36′W / 18.2°S 72.6°W / -18.2; -72.6
102
63
Annular: Chile, Bolivia, Argentina, Paraguay, Brazil
Partial: Central America, South America
[a][8]

2035-03-09 March 9, 2035
23:05:54
140
Annular
0.992
0:48
-29.0 29°00′S 154°54′W / 29.0°S 154.9°W / -29.0; -154.9
31
19
Annular: New Zealand, Pacific
Partial: Australia, Mexico, Antarctica
[a][8]

2035-09-02 September 2, 2035
01:56:46
145
Total
1.032
2:54
29.1 29°06′N 158°00′E / 29.1°N 158.0°E / 29.1; 158.0
116
72
Total: China, Korea, Japan, Pacific
Partial: east Asia, Pacific
[a][8]

2036-02-27 February 27, 2036
04:46:49
150
Partial
0.629
—
-71.6 71°36′S 131°24′W / 71.6°S 131.4°W / -71.6; -131.4
—
Partial: Antarctica, south Australia, New Zealand
[a][8]

2036-07-23 July 23, 2036
10:32:06
117
Partial
0.199
—
-68.9 68°54′S 3°36′E / 68.9°S 3.6°E / -68.9; 3.6
—
Partial: south Atlantic
[a][8]

2036-08-21 August 21, 2036
17:25:45
155
Partial
0.862
—
71.1 71°06′N 47°00′E / 71.1°N 47.0°E / 71.1; 47.0
—
Partial: Alaska, Canada, Arctic, west Europe, northwest Africa
[a][8]

2037-01-16 January 16, 2037
09:48:55
122
Partial
0.705
—
68.5 68°30′N 20°48′E / 68.5°N 20.8°E / 68.5; 20.8
—
Partial: north Africa, Europe, Mid East, west Asia
[a][8]

2037-07-13 July 13, 2037
02:40:36
127
Total
1.041
3:58
-24.8 24°48′S 139°06′E / 24.8°S 139.1°E / -24.8; 139.1
201
125
Total: Australia, New Zealand
Partial: East Indies, Australia, Pacific
[a][8]

2038-01-05 January 5, 2038
13:47:11
132
Annular
0.973
3:18
02.1 2°06′N 25°24′W / 2.1°N 25.4°W / 2.1; -25.4
107
66
Annular: Cuba, Dominican Republic, Cote d'Ivoire, Ghana, Niger, Chad, Egypt
Partial: east North America, north South America, Atlantic, Africa, Europe
[a][8]

2038-07-02 July 2, 2038
13:32:55
137
Annular
0.991
1:00
25.4 25°24′N 21°54′W / 25.4°N 21.9°W / 25.4; -21.9
31
19
Annular: Colombia, Venezuela, Mauritania, Morocco, Mali, Niger, Chad, Sudan, Ethiopia, Kenya
Partial: North and Central America, South America, Africa, Europe, Mid East
[a][8]

2038-12-26 December 26, 2038
01:00:10
142
Total
1.027
2:18
-40.3 40°18′S 164°00′E / 40.3°S 164.0°E / -40.3; 164.0
95
59
Total: Australia, New Zealand, south Pacific
Partial: southeast Asia, East Indies, Australia, New Zealand, south Pacific, Antarctica
[a][8]

2039-06-21 June 21, 2039
17:12:54
147
Annular
0.945
4:05
78.9 78°54′N 102°06′W / 78.9°N 102.1°W / 78.9; -102.1
365
227
Annular: Alaska, north Canada, Norway, Sweden, Finland, Estonia, Russia
Partial: North America, west Europe
[a][8]

2039-12-15 December 15, 2039
16:23:46
152
Total
1.036
1:51
-80.9 80°54′S 172°48′E / 80.9°S 172.8°E / -80.9; 172.8
380
240
Total: Antarctica
Partial: south South America
[a][8]

2040-05-11 May 11, 2040
03:43:02
119
Partial
0.531
—
-62.8 62°48′S 174°24′E / 62.8°S 174.4°E / -62.8; 174.4
—
Partial: Australia, New Zealand, Antarctica
[a][8]

2040-11-04 November 4, 2040
19:09:02
124
Partial
0.807
—
62.2 62°12′N 53°24′W / 62.2°N 53.4°W / 62.2; -53.4
—
Partial: North and Central America
[a][8]

2041-04-30 April 30, 2041
11:52:21
129
Total
1.019
1:51
-09.6 9°36′S 12°12′E / 9.6°S 12.2°E / -9.6; 12.2
72
45
Total: Angola, Republic of the Congo, Uganda, Kenya, Somalia
Partial: Brazil, Africa, Mid East
[a][9]

2041-10-25 October 25, 2041
01:36:22
134
Annular
0.947
6:07
09.9 9°54′N 162°54′E / 9.9°N 162.9°E / 9.9; 162.9
213
132
Annular: Mongolia, China, Korea, Japan, Pacific
Partial: east Asia, Pacific
[a][9]

2042-04-20 April 20, 2042
02:17:30
139
Total
1.061
4:51
27.0 27°00′N 137°18′E / 27.0°N 137.3°E / 27.0; 137.3
210
130
Total: Malaysia, Indonesia, Philippines, north Pacific
Partial: east and southeast Asia, Australia, Pacific

[a][9]

2042-10-14 October 14, 2042
02:00:42
144
Annular
0.930
7:44
-23.7 23°42′S 137°48′E / 23.7°S 137.8°E / -23.7; 137.8
273
170
Annular: Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, Australia, New Zealand
Partial: south-east Asia, East Indies, south Pacific, Antarctica

[a][9]

2043-04-09 April 9, 2043
18:57:49
149
Total (non-central)
1.010
—
61.3 61°18′N 152°00′E / 61.3°N 152.0°E / 61.3; 152.0
—
Total: northeast Russia
Partial: north North America, northeast Asia
[a][9]

2043-10-03 October 3, 2043
03:01:49
154
Annular (non-central)
0.950
—
-61.0 61°00′S 35°18′E / 61.0°S 35.3°E / -61.0; 35.3
—
Annular: south Indian Ocean
Partial: Antarctica, southwest Australia, Indian Ocean
[a][9]

2044-02-28 February 28, 2044
20:24:40
121
Annular
0.960
2:27
-62.2 62°12′S 25°36′W / 62.2°S 25.6°W / -62.2; -25.6
—
Annular: south Atlantic
Partial: Antarctica, South America
[a][9]

2044-08-23 August 23, 2044
01:17:02
126
Total
1.036
2:04
64.3 64°18′N 120°24′W / 64.3°N 120.4°W / 64.3; -120.4
453
281
Total: Greenland; Canada's Northwest Territories and Nunavut, Alberta, southwestern Saskatchewan; Montana, North Dakota
Partial: north Asia, western North America, Greenland

[a][9]

2045-02-16 February 16, 2045
23:56:07
131
Annular
0.928
7:47
-28.3 28°18′S 166°12′W / 28.3°S 166.2°W / -28.3; -166.2
281
175
Annular: New Zealand, Pacific
Partial: Australia, Hawaii

[a][9]

2045-08-12 August 12, 2045
17:42:39
136
Total
1.077
6:06
25.9 25°54′N 78°30′W / 25.9°N 78.5°W / 25.9; -78.5
256
159
Total: south United States, Haiti, Dominican Republic, Venezuela, Guyana, French Guyana, Suriname, Brazil
Partial: North, Central and South America, western Africa

[a][9]

2046-02-05 February 5, 2046
23:06:26
141
Annular
0.923
9:42
04.8 4°48′N 171°24′W / 4.8°N 171.4°W / 4.8; -171.4
310
190
Annular: Papua New Guinea, Hawaii, California, Oregon, Idaho
Partial: Australia, western United States
[a][9]

2046-08-02 August 2, 2046
10:21:13
146
Total
1.053
4:51
-12.7 12°42′S 15°12′E / 12.7°S 15.2°E / -12.7; 15.2
206
128
Total: Brazil, Angola, east Namibia, Botswana, South Africa, Swaziland, south Mozambique
Partial: Africa

[a][9]

2047-01-26 January 26, 2047
01:33:18
151
Partial
0.891
—
62.9 62°54′N 111°42′E / 62.9°N 111.7°E / 62.9; 111.7
—
Partial: east Asia, Alaska
[a][9]

2047-06-23 June 23, 2047
10:52:31
118
Partial
0.313
—
65.8 65°48′N 178°00′W / 65.8°N 178.0°W / 65.8; -178.0
—
Partial: north Canada, Greenland, northeast Asia
[a][9]

2047-07-22 July 22, 2047
22:36:17
156
Partial
0.361
—
-63.4 63°24′S 160°12′E / 63.4°S 160.2°E / -63.4; 160.2
—
Partial: southeast Australia, New Zealand
[a][9]

2047-12-16 December 16, 2047
23:50:12
123
Partial
0.882
—
-66.4 66°24′S 6°36′W / 66.4°S 6.6°W / -66.4; -6.6
—
Partial: Antarctica, south Chile, south Argentina
[a][9]

2048-06-11 June 11, 2048
12:58:53
128
Annular
0.944
4:58
63.7 63°42′N 11°30′W / 63.7°N 11.5°W / 63.7; -11.5
272
169
Annular: midwest United States, Quebec, Ontario, Greenland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden, Russia, Afghanistan
Partial: North America, Caribbean, north Africa, Europe, west Asia

[a][9]

2048-12-05 December 5, 2048
15:35:27
133
Total
1.044
3:28
-46.1 46°06′S 56°24′W / 46.1°S 56.4°W / -46.1; -56.4
160
99
Total: Chile, Argentina, Namibia, Botswana
Partial: south South America, southwest Africa

[a][9]

2049-05-31 May 31, 2049
13:59:59
138
Annular
0.963
4:45
15.3 15°18′N 29°54′W / 15.3°N 29.9°W / 15.3; -29.9
134
83
Annular: Peru, Ecuador, Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana, Senegal, Mali, Burkina Faso, Ghana, Nigeria
Partial: southeast United States, Central America, South America, Africa, south Europe

[a][9]

2049-11-25 November 25, 2049
05:33:48
143
Hybrid
1.006
0:38
-03.8 3°48′S 95°12′E / 3.8°S 95.2°E / -3.8; 95.2
21
13
Hybrid: Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Malaysia, Indonesia
Partial: east Africa, south Asia, East Indies, Australia

[a][9]

2050-05-20 May 20, 2050
20:42:50
148
Hybrid
1.004
0:21
-40.1 40°06′S 123°42′W / 40.1°S 123.7°W / -40.1; -123.7
27
17
Hybrid: south Pacific
Partial: New Zealand, southwest South America

[a][9]

2050-11-14 November 14, 2050
13:30:53
153
Partial
0.887
—
69.5 69°30′N 1°00′E / 69.5°N 1.0°E / 69.5; 1.0
—
Partial: northeast United States, east Canada, north Africa, Europe
[a][9]

2051-04-11 April 11, 2051
02:10:39
120
Partial
0.985
—
71.6 71°36′N 32°12′E / 71.6°N 32.2°E / 71.6; 32.2
—
Partial: Asia, Alaska, Canada, Greenland
[a][10]

2051-10-04 October 4, 2051
21:02:14
125
Partial
0.602
—
-72.0 72°00′S 117°42′E / 72.0°S 117.7°E / -72.0; 117.7
—
Partial: Antarctica, Australia, New Zealand
[a][10]

2052-03-30 March 30, 2052
18:31:53
130
Total
1.047
4:08
22.4 22°24′N 102°30′W / 22.4°N 102.5°W / 22.4; -102.5
164
102
Total: central Pacific, Mexico, United States, central Atlantic
Partial: Central and North America, north South America

[a][10]

2052-09-22 September 22, 2052
23:39:10
135
Annular
0.973
2:51
-25.7 25°42′S 175°00′E / 25.7°S 175.0°E / -25.7; 175.0
106
66
Annular: Australia, south Pacific
Partial: New Zealand, Antarctica, West Indies

[a][10]

2053-03-20 March 20, 2053
07:08:19
140
Annular
0.992
0:50
-23.0 23°00′S 83°00′E / 23.0°S 83.0°E / -23.0; 83.0
31
19
Annular: central Indian Ocean, Indonesia
Partial: Africa, Indies, Australia, Antarctica

[a][10]

2053-09-12 September 12, 2053
09:34:09
145
Total
1.033
3:04
21.5 21°30′N 41°42′E / 21.5°N 41.7°E / 21.5; 41.7
116
72
Total: Spain, Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Maldives, Indonesia
Partial: Greenland, Africa, Europe, Asia

[a][10]

2054-03-09 March 9, 2054
12:33:40
150
Partial
0.668
—
-72.0 72°00′S 97°54′E / 72.0°S 97.9°E / -72.0; 97.9
—
Partial: Antarctica, South Africa, Madagascar, Chile
[a][10]

2054-08-03 August 3, 2054
18:04:02
117
Partial
0.066
—
-69.8 69°48′S 121°18′W / 69.8°S 121.3°W / -69.8; -121.3
—
Partial: Antarctica
[a][10]

2054-09-02 September 2, 2054
01:09:34
155
Partial
0.979
—
71.7 71°42′N 82°18′W / 71.7°N 82.3°W / 71.7; -82.3
—
Partial: Asia, United States, Canada, Greenland
[a][10]

2055-01-27 January 27, 2055
17:54:05
122
Partial
0.693
—
69.5 69°30′N 112°12′W / 69.5°N 112.2°W / 69.5; -112.2
—
Partial: Canada, United States, Mexico, Cuba
[a][10]

2055-07-24 July 24, 2055
09:57:50
127
Total
1.036
3:17
-33.3 33°18′S 25°48′E / 33.3°S 25.8°E / -33.3; 25.8
202
126
Total: South Africa
Partial: Africa, Antarctica

[a][10]

2056-01-16 January 16, 2056
22:16:45
132
Annular
0.976
2:52
03.9 3°54′N 153°30′W / 3.9°N 153.5°W / 3.9; -153.5
95
59
Annular: central Pacific, Mexico
Partial: New Zealand, western North America

[a][10]

2056-07-12 July 12, 2056
20:21:59
137
Annular
0.988
1:26
19.4 19°24′N 123°42′W / 19.4°N 123.7°W / 19.4; -123.7
43
27
Annular: central Pacific, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Brazil
Partial: south North America, Central America, north South America

[a][10]

2057-01-05 January 5, 2057
09:47:52
142
Total
1.029
2:29
-39.2 39°12′S 35°12′E / 39.2°S 35.2°E / -39.2; 35.2
102
63
Total: southern Atlantic, southern Indian Ocean
Partial: Africa, Antarctica, Australia

[a][10]

2057-07-01 July 1, 2057
23:40:15
147
Annular
0.946
4:23
71.5 71°30′N 176°12′W / 71.5°N 176.2°W / 71.5; -176.2
298
185
Annular: China, Mongolia, Russia, Canada, United States
Partial: Asia, North America

[a][10]

2057-12-26 December 26, 2057
01:14:35
152
Total
1.035
1:50
-84.9 84°54′S 21°48′E / 84.9°S 21.8°E / -84.9; 21.8
355
221
Total: Antarctica
Partial: Australia
[a][10]

2058-05-22 May 22, 2058
10:39:25
119
Partial
0.414
—
-63.5 63°30′S 61°06′E / 63.5°S 61.1°E / -63.5; 61.1
—
Partial: South Africa, Madagascar
[a][10]

2058-06-21 June 21, 2058
00:19:35
157
Partial
0.126
—
65.9 65°54′N 9°54′E / 65.9°N 9.9°E / 65.9; 9.9
—
Partial: Russia, Greenland, Norway, Sweden, Finland
[a][10]

2058-11-16 November 16, 2058
03:23:07
124
Partial
0.764
—
62.9 62°54′N 174°12′E / 62.9°N 174.2°E / 62.9; 174.2
—
Partial: Russia, China, Mongolia, Japan
[a][10]

2059-05-11 May 11, 2059
19:22:16
129
Total
1.024
2:23
-10.7 10°42′S 100°24′W / 10.7°S 100.4°W / -10.7; -100.4
95
59
Total: central Pacific, Ecuador, Peru, Brazil
Partial: North, Central and South America

[a][10]

2059-11-05 November 5, 2059
09:18:15
134
Annular
0.942
7:00
08.7 8°42′N 47°06′E / 8.7°N 47.1°E / 8.7; 47.1
238
148
Annular: France, Libya, Egypt, Sudan, Ethiopia, Eritrea, Somalia, Indonesia
Partial: Africa, Europe, Asia

[a][10]

2060-03-30 April 30, 2060
10:10:00
139
Total
1.066
5:15
28.0 28°00′N 20°54′E / 28.0°N 20.9°E / 28.0; 20.9
222
138
Total: Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, Benin, Nigeria, Niger, Chad, Libya, Egypt, Turkey, Kazakhstan, Russia
Partial: Africa, Asia

[a][10]

2060-10-24 October 24, 2060
09:24:10
144
Annular
0.928
8:06
-25.8 25°48′S 28°06′E / 25.8°S 28.1°E / -25.8; 28.1
281
175
Annular: Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Angola, Namibia, Botswana, South Africa
Partial: Africa, Antarctica, South America

[a][10]

2061-04-20 April 20, 2061
02:56:49
149
Total
1.048
2:37
64.5 64°30′N 59°12′E / 64.5°N 59.2°E / 64.5; 59.2
559
347
Total: Kazakhstan, Russia
Partial: Asia, Middle East, North America

[a][11]

2061-10-13 October 13, 2061
10:32:10
154
Annular
0.947
3:41
-62.1 62°06′S 54°24′W / 62.1°S 54.4°W / -62.1; -54.4
743
462
Annular: Antarctica, Argentina, Chile
Partial: South America
[a][11]

2062-03-11 March 11, 2062
04:26:16
121
Partial
0.933
—
-61.0 61°00′S 147°06′W / 61.0°S 147.1°W / -61.0; -147.1
—
Partial: Antarctica, Australia, New Zealand
[a][11]

2062-09-03 September 3, 2062
08:54:27
126
Partial
0.975
—
61.3 61°18′N 150°18′E / 61.3°N 150.3°E / 61.3; 150.3
—
Partial: Greenland, Europe, Asia
[a][11]

2063-02-28 February 28, 2063
07:43:30
131
Annular
0.929
7:41
-25.2 25°12′S 77°42′E / 25.2°S 77.7°E / -25.2; 77.7
280
170
Annular: Indian Ocean, Indonesia, Malaysia, Mindanao, Philippines
Partial: Africa, Indies, southeast Asia, the rest of Philippines, Antarctica, Australia

[a][11]

2063-08-24 August 24, 2063
01:22:11
136
Total
1.075
5:49
25.6 25°36′N 168°24′E / 25.6°N 168.4°E / 25.6; 168.4
252
157
Total: China, Mongolia, Japan, central Pacific
Partial: Asia, central Pacific

[a][11]

2064-02-17 February 17, 2064
07:00:23
141
Annular
0.926
8:56
07.0 7°00′N 69°42′E / 7.0°N 69.7°E / 7.0; 69.7
295
183
Annular: Zaire, Zambia, Tanzania, India, Nepal, Bangladesh, Bhutan, China
Partial: Africa, Asia
[a][11]

2064-08-12 August 12, 2064
17:46:06
146
Total
1.049
4:28
-10.9 10°54′S 96°00′W / 10.9°S 96.0°W / -10.9; -96.0
184
114
Total: Central Pacific, Chile, Argentina
Partial: Americas, Antarctica

[a][11]

2065-02-05 February 5, 2065
09:52:26
151
Partial
0.912
—
62.2 62°12′N 21°54′W / 62.2°N 21.9°W / 62.2; -21.9
—
Partial: North America, Europe, West Asia
[a][11]

2065-07-03 July 3, 2065
17:33:52
118
Partial
0.164
—
64.8 64°48′N 71°54′E / 64.8°N 71.9°E / 64.8; 71.9
—
Partial: northern Europe, Russia
[a][11]

2065-08-02 August 2, 2065
05:34:17
156
Partial
0.490
—
-62.7 62°42′S 46°30′E / 62.7°S 46.5°E / -62.7; 46.5
—
Partial: Antarctica, South Africa, Madagascar
[a][11]

2065-12-27 December 27, 2065
08:39:56
123
Partial
0.877
—
-65.4 65°24′S 149°12′W / 65.4°S 149.2°W / -65.4; -149.2
—
Partial: Chile, Argentina, Antarctica, Australia
[a][11]

2066-06-22 June 22, 2066
19:25:48
128
Annular
0.943
4:40
70.1 70°06′N 96°24′W / 70.1°N 96.4°W / 70.1; -96.4
309
192
Annular: Russia, Alaska, Canada
Partial: North America, northern Europe, north Asia
[a][11]

2066-12-17 December 17, 2066
00:23:40
133
Total
1.042
3:14
-47.4 47°24′S 175°48′E / 47.4°S 175.8°E / -47.4; 175.8
152
94
Total: Australia, New Zealand, south Pacific
Partial: Australia, Antarctica, New Zealand
[a][11]

2067-06-11 June 11, 2067
20:42:26
138
Annular
0.967
4:05
21.0 21°00′N 130°12′W / 21.0°N 130.2°W / 21.0; -130.2
119
74
Annular: central Pacific, Ecuador, Peru
Partial: Americas
[a][11]

2067-12-06 December 6, 2067
14:03:43
143
Hybrid
1.001
0:08
-06.0 6°00′S 32°24′W / 6.0°S 32.4°W / -6.0; -32.4
4
2.5
Hybrid: Honduras, Nicaragua, Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana, Brazil, Nigeria, Cameroon, Chad, Sudan
Partial: Americas, Africa, south Europe

[a][11]

2068-05-31 May 31, 2068
03:56:39
148
Total
1.011
1:06
-31.0 31°00′S 123°12′E / 31.0°S 123.2°E / -31.0; 123.2
63
39
Total: Australia, New Zealand
Partial: Indies, Australia, Antarctica
[a][11]

2068-11-24 November 24, 2068
21:32:30
153
Partial
0.911
—
68.5 68°30′N 131°06′W / 68.5°N 131.1°W / 68.5; -131.1
—
Partial: North America, Russia
[a][11]

2069-04-21 April 21, 2069
10:11:09
120
Partial
0.899
—
71.0 71°00′N 101°18′W / 71.0°N 101.3°W / 71.0; -101.3
—
Partial: Europe, Asia, north Africa, North America
[a][11]

2069-05-20 May 20, 2069
17:53:18
158
Partial
0.088
—
-68.8 68°48′S 69°54′W / 68.8°S 69.9°W / -68.8; -69.9
—
Partial: South America, Antarctica
[a][11]

2069-10-15 October 15, 2069
04:19:56
125
Partial
0.530
—
-71.6 71°36′S 5°30′W / 71.6°S 5.5°W / -71.6; -5.5
—
Partial: Antarctica
[a][11]

2070-04-11 April 11, 2070
02:36:09
130
Total
1.047
4:04
29.1 29°06′N 135°06′E / 29.1°N 135.1°E / 29.1; 135.1
168
104
Total: Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Philippines
Partial: Asia, Indies, Alaska, Canada
[a][11]

2070-10-04 October 4, 2070
07:08:57
135
Annular
0.973
2:44
-32.8 32°48′S 60°24′E / 32.8°S 60.4°E / -32.8; 60.4
110
68
Annular: Angola, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Mozambique, Madagascar
Partial: Africa, Antarctica, Australia

[a][11]

2071-03-31 March 31, 2071
15:01:06
140
Annular
0.992
0:52
-16.7 16°42′S 37°00′W / 16.7°S 37.0°W / -16.7; -37.0
31
19
Annular: Chile, Argentina, Paraguay, Brazil, Republic of the Congo, Zaire
Partial: South America, Africa, Antarctica

[a][12]

2071-09-23 September 23, 2071
17:20:28
145
Total
1.033
3:11
14.2 14°12′N 76°42′W / 14.2°N 76.7°W / 14.2; -76.7
116
72
Total: Mexico, Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname, French Guiana, Brazil
Partial: Americas, Africa

[a][12]

2072-03-19 March 19, 2072
20:10:31
150
Partial
0.720
—
-72.2 72°12′S 30°24′W / 72.2°S 30.4°W / -72.2; -30.4
—
Partial: Antarctica, South America
[a][12]

2072-09-12 September 12, 2072
08:59:20
155
Total
1.056
3:13
69.8 69°48′N 102°00′E / 69.8°N 102.0°E / 69.8; 102.0
732
455
Total: Russia
Partial: Greenland, Europe, Asia
[a][12]

2073-02-07 February 7, 2073
01:55:59
122
Partial
0.677
—
70.5 70°30′N 114°54′E / 70.5°N 114.9°E / 70.5; 114.9
—
Partial: Asia, Alaska
[a][12]

2073-08-03 August 3, 2073
17:15:23
127
Total
1.029
2:29
-43.2 43°12′S 89°24′W / 43.2°S 89.4°W / -43.2; -89.4
206
128
Total: Chile, Argentina
Partial: South America, Antarctica
[a][12]

2074-01-27 January 27, 2074
06:44:15
132
Annular
0.980
2:21
06.6 6°36′N 78°48′E / 6.6°N 78.8°E / 6.6; 78.8
79
49
Annular: Sudan, Ethiopia, Somalia, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, China, Japan
Partial: Africa, Asia, Indies
[a][12]

2074-07-24 July 24, 2074
03:10:32
137
Annular
0.984
1:57
12.8 12°48′N 133°42′E / 12.8°N 133.7°E / 12.8; 133.7
58
36
Annular: Thailand, Cambodia, Vietnam, Philippines
Partial: Asia, Indies, Australia, New Zealand
[a][12]

2075-01-16 January 16, 2075
18:36:04
142
Total
1.031
2:42
-37.2 37°12′S 94°06′W / 37.2°S 94.1°W / -37.2; -94.1
110
68
Total: Chile, Argentina, Paraguay, Brazil
Partial: New Zealand, South America, Antarctica
[a][12]

2075-07-13 July 13, 2075
06:05:44
147
Annular
0.947
4:45
63.1 63°06′N 95°12′E / 63.1°N 95.2°E / 63.1; 95.2
262
163
Annular: south Europe, Russia
Partial: Europe, Asia, Africa, north North America
[a][12]

2076-01-06 January 6, 2076
10:07:27
152
Total
1.034
1:49
-87.2 87°12′S 173°42′W / 87.2°S 173.7°W / -87.2; -173.7
340
210
Total: Antarctica
Partial: Australia, South America
[a][12]

2076-06-01 June 1, 2076
17:31:22
119
Partial
0.290
—
-64.4 64°24′S 51°12′W / 64.4°S 51.2°W / -64.4; -51.2
—
Partial: South America, Antarctica
[a][12]

2076-07-01 July 1, 2076
06:50:43
157
Partial
0.275
—
67.0 67°00′N 98°06′W / 67.0°N 98.1°W / 67.0; -98.1
—
Partial: Russia, North America
[a][12]

2076-11-26 November 26, 2076
11:43:01
124
Partial
0.731
—
63.7 63°42′N 40°06′E / 63.7°N 40.1°E / 63.7; 40.1
—
Partial: Africa, Europe, west Asia
[a][12]

2077-05-22 May 22, 2077
02:46:05
129
Total
1.029
2:54
-13.1 13°06′S 148°18′E / 13.1°S 148.3°E / -13.1; 148.3
119
74
Total: Australia
Partial: Indies, Australia, New Zealand, Antarctica
[a][12]

2077-11-15 November 15, 2077
17:07:56
134
Annular
0.937
7:54
07.8 7°48′N 70°48′W / 7.8°N 70.8°W / 7.8; -70.8
262
163
Annular: United States, Caribbean, Colombia, Venezuela, Brazil, Guyana, Suriname, French Guiana
Partial: Americas

[a][12]

2078-05-11 May 11, 2078
17:56:55
139
Total
1.070
5:40
28.1 28°06′N 93°42′W / 28.1°N 93.7°W / 28.1; -93.7
232
144
Total: Mexico, United States
Partial: Americas
[a][12]

2078-11-04 November 4, 2078
16:55:44
144
Annular
0.926
8:29
-27.8 27°48′S 83°18′W / 27.8°S 83.3°W / -27.8; -83.3
287
178
Annular: Chile, Argentina
Partial: Americas, Antarctica
[a][12]

2079-05-01 May 1, 2079
10:50:13
149
Total
1.051
2:55
66.2 66°12′N 46°18′W / 66.2°N 46.3°W / 66.2; -46.3
406
252
Total: United States, Canada, Greenland
Partial: west Americas, Europe, Africa, Asia
[a][12]

2079-10-24 October 24, 2079
18:11:21
154
Annular
0.948
3:39
-63.4 63°24′S 160°36′W / 63.4°S 160.6°W / -63.4; -160.6
495
308
Annular: Antarctica, New Zealand
Partial: South America
[a][12]

2080-03-21 March 21, 2080
12:20:15
121
Partial
0.873
—
-60.9 60°54′S 85°54′E / 60.9°S 85.9°E / -60.9; 85.9
—
Partial: Antarctica, Africa
[a][12]

2080-09-13 September 13, 2080
16:38:09
126
Partial
0.874
—
61.1 61°06′N 25°48′E / 61.1°N 25.8°E / 61.1; 25.8
—
Partial: North America, Europe, Africa
[a][12]

2081-03-10 March 10, 2081
15:23:31
131
Annular
0.930
7:36
-22.4 22°24′S 36°42′W / 22.4°S 36.7°W / -22.4; -36.7
277
172
Annular: Chile, Argentina, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, Benin, Nigeria, Cameroon
Partial: South America, Africa, Antarctica
[a][13]

2081-09-03 September 3, 2081
09:07:31
136
Total
1.072
5:33
24.6 24°36′N 53°36′E / 24.6°N 53.6°E / 24.6; 53.6
247
153
Total: Central Europe, France, Switzerland, Austria, Slovenia, Hungary, Croatia, Serbia, Romania, Greece, Bulgaria, Turkey, Syria, Iraq, Kuwait, Qatar, UAE, Saudi Arabia, Oman
Partial: Africa, Europe, Asia
[a][13]

2082-02-27 February 27, 2082
14:47:00
141
Annular
0.930
8:12
09.4 9°24′N 47°06′W / 9.4°N 47.1°W / 9.4; -47.1
277
172
Annular: Peru, Brazil, Suriname, French Guiana, Portugal, Spain, France, Italy, Germany, Austria
Partial: Americas, Europe, Africa
[a][13]

2082-08-24 August 24, 2082
01:16:21
146
Total
1.045
4:01
-10.3 10°18′S 151°48′E / 10.3°S 151.8°E / -10.3; 151.8
163
101
Total: Indonesia, New Guinea, South Pacific
Partial: Indies, Australia, Antarctica, New Zealand
[a][13]

2083-02-16 February 16, 2083
18:06:36
151
Partial
0.943
—
61.6 61°36′N 154°06′W / 61.6°N 154.1°W / 61.6; -154.1
—
Partial: Mexico, United States, Canada
[a][13]

2083-07-15 July 15, 2083
00:14:23
118
Partial
0.017
—
64.0 64°00′N 37°42′W / 64.0°N 37.7°W / 64.0; -37.7
—
Partial: Greenland
[a][13]

2083-08-13 August 13, 2083
12:34:41
156
Partial
0.615
—
-62.1 62°06′S 67°30′W / 62.1°S 67.5°W / -62.1; -67.5
—
Partial: South America, Antarctica
[a][13]

2084-01-07 January 7, 2084
17:30:23
123
Partial
0.872
—
-64.4 64°24′S 68°30′E / 64.4°S 68.5°E / -64.4; 68.5
—
Partial: Antarctica, South America
[a][13]

2084-07-03 July 3, 2084
01:50:26
128
Annular
0.942
4:25
75.0 75°00′N 169°06′W / 75.0°N 169.1°W / 75.0; -169.1
377
234
Annular: Russia, United States, Canada
Partial: northern Europe, Asia, North America
[a][13]

2084-12-27 December 27, 2084
09:13:48
133
Total
1.040
3:04
-47.3 47°18′S 47°42′E / 47.3°S 47.7°E / -47.3; 47.7
146
91
Total: South Atlantic, Indian Ocean
Partial: Africa, Antarctica, Australia
[a][13]

2085-06-22 June 22, 2085
03:21:16
138
Annular
0.970
3:29
26.2 26°12′N 131°18′E / 26.2°N 131.3°E / 26.2; 131.3
106
66
Annular: India, Myanmar, China, central Pacific
Partial: Asia, Indies, Australia
[a][13]

2085-12-16 December 16, 2085
22:37:48
143
Annular
0.997
0:19
-07.3 7°18′S 160°48′W / 7.3°S 160.8°W / -7.3; -160.8
10
6.2
Annular: central Pacific
Partial: Australia, North America
[a][13]

2086-06-11 June 11, 2086
11:07:14
148
Total
1.017
1:48
-23.2 23°12′S 12°30′E / 23.2°S 12.5°E / -23.2; 12.5
86
53
Total: Namibia, Botswana, South Africa
Partial: South America, Africa
[a][13]

2086-12-06 December 6, 2086
05:38:55
153
Partial
0.927
—
67.4 67°24′N 96°12′E / 67.4°N 96.2°E / 67.4; 96.2
—
Partial: Asia
[a][13]

2087-05-02 May 2, 2087
18:04:42
120
Partial
0.801
—
70.3 70°18′N 127°36′E / 70.3°N 127.6°E / 70.3; 127.6
—
Partial: north Europe, north Asia, North America
[a][13]

2087-06-01 June 1, 2087
01:27:14
158
Partial
0.215
—
-67.8 67°48′S 165°24′E / 67.8°S 165.4°E / -67.8; 165.4
—
Partial: New Zealand
[a][13]

2087-10-26 October 26, 2087
11:46:57
125
Partial
0.470
—
-71.0 71°00′S 130°30′W / 71.0°S 130.5°W / -71.0; -130.5
—
Partial: South America, Antarctica
[a][13]

2088-04-21 April 21, 2088
10:31:49
130
Total
1.047
3:58
36.0 36°00′N 15°06′E / 36.0°N 15.1°E / 36.0; 15.1
173
107
Total: Mauritania, western Sahara, Mali, Algeria, Tunisia, Greece, Turkey, Russia, Kazakhstan, China
Partial: North America, Africa, Europe, Asia
[a][13]

2088-10-14 October 14, 2088
14:48:05
135
Annular
0.973
2:38
-39.7 39°42′S 56°00′W / 39.7°S 56.0°W / -39.7; -56.0
115
71
Annular: Chile, Argentina
Partial: South America, Antarctica, Africa
[a][13]

2089-04-10 April 10, 2089
22:44:42
140
Annular
0.992
0:53
-10.2 10°12′S 154°48′W / 10.2°S 154.8°W / -10.2; -154.8
30
19
Annular: Australia, central Pacific
Partial: Antarctica, North America
[a][13]

2089-10-04 October 4, 2089
01:15:23
145
Total
1.033
3:14
07.4 7°24′N 162°48′E / 7.4°N 162.8°E / 7.4; 162.8
115
71
Total: China, Central Pacific
Partial: Asia, Indies, Australia
[a][13]

2090-03-31 March 31, 2090
03:38:08
150
Partial
0.784
—
-72.1 72°06′S 156°18′W / 72.1°S 156.3°W / -72.1; -156.3
—
Partial: Antarctica, Australia, New Zealand
[a][13]

2090-09-23 September 23, 2090
16:56:36
155
Total
1.056
3:36
60.7 60°42′N 40°30′W / 60.7°N 40.5°W / 60.7; -40.5
463
288
Total: Canada, Greenland, United Kingdom, France
Partial: North America, Europe, Africa, north Asia
[a][13]

2091-02-18 February 18, 2091
09:54:40
122
Partial
0.656
—
71.2 71°12′N 17°48′W / 71.2°N 17.8°W / 71.2; -17.8
—
Partial: North Africa, Europe, Asia
[a][14]

2091-08-15 August 15, 2091
00:34:43
127
Total
1.022
1:38
-55.6 55°36′S 150°30′E / 55.6°S 150.5°E / -55.6; 150.5
236
147
Total: southern Antarctic Ocean, near Antarctica
Partial: Australia, Antarctica, New Zealand

[a][14]

2092-02-07 February 7, 2092
15:10:20
132
Annular
0.984
1:48
09.9 9°54′N 48°42′W / 9.9°N 48.7°W / 9.9; -48.7
62
39
Annular: Panama, Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana, Morocco, Algeria
Partial: Americas, Europe, Africa
[a][14]

2092-08-03 August 3, 2092
09:59:33
137
Annular
0.979
2:31
05.6 5°36′N 30°18′E / 5.6°N 30.3°E / 5.6; 30.3
75
47
Annular: Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, Benin, Nigeria, Cameroon, Chad, Central African Republic, Sudan, Kenya, Somalia
Partial: Africa
[a][14]

2093-01-27 January 27, 2093
03:22:16
142
Total
1.034
2:58
-34.1 34°06′S 136°24′E / 34.1°S 136.4°E / -34.1; 136.4
119
74
Total: Australia
Partial: Indies, Australia, Antarctica, New Zealand
[a][14]

2093-07-23 July 23, 2093
12:32:04
147
Annular
0.946
5:11
54.6 54°36′N 1°18′E / 54.6°N 1.3°E / 54.6; 1.3
241
150
Annular: United States, Canada, Central Europe, Turkey, Iraq, Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan
Partial: Americas, Europe, Africa, Asia

[a][14]

2094-01-16 January 16, 2094
18:59:03
152
Total
1.034
1:51
-84.8 84°48′S 10°36′W / 84.8°S 10.6°W / -84.8; -10.6
329
204
Total: Antarctica
Partial: South America, Antarctica, New Zealand
[a][14]

2094-06-13 June 13, 2094
00:22:11
119
Partial
0.162
—
-65.3 65°18′S 163°36′W / 65.3°S 163.6°W / -65.3; -163.6
—
Partial: southern Antarctic Ocean, near Antarctica
[a][14]

2094-07-12 July 12, 2094
13:24:35
157
Partial
0.422
—
68.0 68°00′N 152°48′E / 68.0°N 152.8°E / 68.0; 152.8
—
Partial: North America, Asia
[a][14]

2094-12-07 December 7, 2094
20:05:56
124
Partial
0.705
—
64.7 64°42′N 95°00′W / 64.7°N 95.0°W / 64.7; -95.0
—
Partial: North America
[a][14]

2095-06-02 June 2, 2095
10:07:40
129
Total
1.033
3:18
-16.7 16°42′S 37°12′E / 16.7°S 37.2°E / -16.7; 37.2
145
90
Total: Namibia, South Africa, Botswana, Zambia, Mozambique, Madagascar
Partial: Africa

[a][14]

2095-11-27 November 27, 2095
01:02:57
134
Annular
0.933
8:47
07.2 7°12′N 169°48′E / 7.2°N 169.8°E / 7.2; 169.8
285
177
Annular: China, Korea, Japan, central Pacific
Partial: Asia, Indies, Australia

[a][14]

2096-05-22 May 22, 2096
01:37:14
139
Total
1.074
6:07
27.3 27°18′N 153°24′E / 27.3°N 153.4°E / 27.3; 153.4
241
150
Total: Indonesia, Central Pacific, Philippines
Partial: Asia, Indies, Australia, North America
[a][14]

2096-11-15 November 15, 2096
00:36:15
144
Annular
0.924
8:53
-29.7 29°42′S 163°18′E / 29.7°S 163.3°E / -29.7; 163.3
294
183
Annular: Malaysia, Indonesia, New Guinea, Australia, New Zealand
Partial: Indies, Antarctica
[a][14]

2097-05-11 May 11, 2097
18:34:31
149
Total
1.054
3:10
67.4 67°24′N 149°30′W / 67.4°N 149.5°W / 67.4; -149.5
339
211
Total: Alaska, Russia
Partial: Asia, North America, northern Europe
[a][14]

2097-11-04 November 4, 2097
02:01:25
154
Annular
0.949
3:36
-65.8 65°48′S 86°48′E / 65.8°S 86.8°E / -65.8; 86.8
411
255
Annular: Antarctica
Partial: Australia
[a][14]

2098-04-01 April 1, 2098
20:02:31
121
Partial
0.798
—
-61.0 61°00′S 38°06′W / 61.0°S 38.1°W / -61.0; -38.1
—
Partial: Antarctica, South America
[a][14]

2098-09-25 September 25, 2098
00:31:16
126
Partial
0.787
—
61.1 61°06′N 101°00′W / 61.1°N 101.0°W / 61.1; -101.0
—
Partial: Asia, North America
[a][14]

2098-10-24 October 24, 2098
10:36:11
164
Partial
0.006
—
-61.8 61°48′S 95°30′W / 61.8°S 95.5°W / -61.8; -95.5
—
Partial: southern Antarctic Ocean, near Antarctica
[a][14]

2099-03-21 March 21, 2099
22:54:32
131
Annular
0.932
7:32
-20.0 20°00′S 149°00′W / 20.0°S 149.0°W / -20.0; -149.0
275
171
Annular: central Pacific
Partial: Australia, New Zealand, Antarctica, North America
[a][14]

2099-09-14 September 14, 2099
16:57:53
136
Total
1.068
5:18
23.4 23°24′N 62°48′W / 23.4°N 62.8°W / 23.4; -62.8
241
150
Total: Canada, United States, central Atlantic
Partial: Americas, Africa

[a][14]

2100-03-10 March 10, 2100
22:28:11
141
Annular
0.934
7:29
12.0 12°00′N 162°24′W / 12.0°N 162.4°W / 12.0; -162.4
257
160
Annular: central Pacific, Hawaii, Northwestern United States
Partial: Australia, North America
[a][14]

2100-09-04 September 4, 2100
08:49:20
146
Total
1.040
3:32
-10.5 10°30′S 39°00′E / 10.5°S 39.0°E / -10.5; 39.0
142
88
Total: central Africa, Madagascar
Partial: Africa, Antarctica
[a][14]