question_text: who has most views on youtube for a song

text: List of most-viewed YouTube videos

text: Top videos

text: The following table lists the top 100 most viewed videos on YouTube, with each total rounded to the nearest 10 million views, as well as the creator and date of publication to YouTube.[B]

text:
Top 100 most-viewed YouTube videos[14][15]

Rank

Video name

Uploader / artist

Views (billions)

Upload date

Notes

1.
"Despacito"[16]
Luis Fonsi featuring Daddy Yankee
5.46
January 12, 2017
[C]

2.
"Shape of You"[21]
Ed Sheeran
3.73
January 30, 2017
[D]

3.
"See You Again"[22]
Wiz Khalifa featuring Charlie Puth
3.73
April 6, 2015
[E]

4.
"Masha and the Bear: Recipe for Disaster"[29]
Get Movies
3.24
January 31, 2012
[F]

5.
"Gangnam Style"[30]
Psy
3.20
July 15, 2012
[G]

6.
"Uptown Funk"[35]
Mark Ronson featuring Bruno Mars
3.20
November 19, 2014
[H]

7.
"Sorry"[36]
Justin Bieber
3.00
October 22, 2015

8.
"Sugar"[37]
Maroon 5
2.72
January 14, 2015

9.
"Shake It Off"[38]
Taylor Swift
2.63
August 18, 2014

10.
"Roar"[39]
Katy Perry
2.61
September 5, 2013

11.
"Bailando"[40]
Enrique Iglesias featuring Descemer Bueno and Gente De Zona
2.56
April 11, 2014

12.
"Thinking Out Loud"[41]
Ed Sheeran
2.45
October 7, 2014

13.
"Dark Horse"[42]
Katy Perry featuring Juicy J
2.40
February 20, 2014

14.
"Counting Stars"[43]
OneRepublic
2.39
May 31, 2013

15.
"Hello"[44]
Adele
2.39
October 22, 2015
[I]

16.
"Lean On"[46]
Major Lazer and DJ Snake featuring MØ
2.38
March 22, 2015

17.
"Blank Space"[47]
Taylor Swift
2.33
November 10, 2014

18.
"Chantaje"[48]
Shakira featuring Maluma
2.24
November 18, 2016

19.
"All About That Bass"[49]
Meghan Trainor
2.22
June 11, 2014

20.
"Closer (Lyric video)"[50]
The Chainsmokers featuring Halsey
2.16
July 29, 2016
[J]

21.
"Wheels on the Bus"[51]
LittleBabyBum
2.15
August 9, 2014

22.
"This Is What You Came For"[52]
Calvin Harris featuring Rihanna
2.07
June 16, 2016

23.
"Let Her Go"[53]
Passenger
2.00
July 25, 2012

24.
"Waka Waka (This Time for Africa)"[54]
Shakira featuring Freshlyground
2.00
June 4, 2010

25.
"Mi Gente"[55]
J Balvin and Willy William
1.99
June 29, 2017

26.
"Baby"[56]
Justin Bieber featuring Ludacris
1.96
February 19, 2010
[K]

27.
"What Do You Mean?"[59]
Justin Bieber
1.94
August 30, 2015

28.
"We Don't Talk Anymore"[60]
Charlie Puth featuring Selena Gomez
1.91
August 2, 2016

29.
"Work from Home"[61]
Fifth Harmony featuring Ty Dolla $ign
1.90
February 26, 2016

30.
"Faded"[62]
Alan Walker
1.90
December 3, 2015

31.
"Rockabye"[63]
Clean Bandit featuring Sean Paul & Anne-Marie
1.90
October 21, 2016

32.
"Chandelier"[64]
Sia
1.89
May 6, 2014

33.
"Love Me Like You Do"[65]
Ellie Goulding
1.79
January 22, 2015

34.
"Wake Me Up"[66]
Avicii
1.65
July 29, 2013

35.
"Baby Shark Dance"[67]
Pinkfong! Kids' Songs & Stories
1.62
June 17, 2016

36.
"Worth It"[68]
Fifth Harmony featuring Kid Ink
1.61
March 28, 2015

37.
"Treat You Better"[69]
Shawn Mendes
1.59
July 12, 2016

38.
"Love the Way You Lie"[70]
Eminem featuring Rihanna
1.58
August 5, 2010

39.
"Échame la Culpa"[71]
Luis Fonsi and Demi Lovato
1.56
November 16, 2017

40.
"Let It Go"[72]
Idina Menzel
1.56
January 30, 2014
[L]

41.
"Watch Me (Whip/Nae Nae)"[74]
Silentó
1.56
June 25, 2015

42.
"Johny Johny Yes Papa"[75]
ChuChu TV
1.53
November 14, 2014
[M]

43.
"Party Rock Anthem"[77]
LMFAO featuring Lauren Bennett and GoonRock
1.53
March 8, 2011

44.
"Rude"[78]
Magic!
1.52
December 5, 2013

45.
"Criminal"[79]
Natti Natasha and Ozuna
1.51
August 18, 2017

46.
"Ay Vamos"[80]
J Balvin
1.51
August 29, 2014

47.
"Huge Eggs Surprise Toys Challenge"[81]
Ryan ToysReview
1.48
April 13, 2016

48.
"The Gummy Bear Song"[82]
icanrockyourworld
1.48
October 9, 2007
[N]

49.
"Stressed Out"[83]
Twenty One Pilots
1.45
April 27, 2015

50.
"The Lazy Song"[84]
Bruno Mars
1.44
April 15, 2011

51.
"Vente Pa' Ca"[85]
Ricky Martin featuring Maluma
1.43
September 22, 2016

52.
"Hotline Bling"[86]
Drake
1.43
October 26, 2015

53.
"New Rules"[87]
Dua Lipa
1.41
July 7, 2017

54.
"Felices los 4"[88]
Maluma
1.39
April 21, 2017

55.
"Love Yourself"[89]
Justin Bieber
1.39
November 14, 2015

56.
"Starboy"[90]
The Weeknd featuring Daft Punk
1.38
September 28, 2016

57.
"Propuesta Indecente"[91]
Romeo Santos
1.38
September 9, 2013

58.
"Side to Side"[92]
Ariana Grande featuring Nicki Minaj
1.38
August 29, 2016

59.
"Rolling in the Deep"[93]
Adele
1.38
November 30, 2010

60.
"Reggaetón Lento (Bailemos)"[94]
CNCO
1.36
October 7, 2016

61.
"Axel F"[95]
Crazy Frog
1.36
June 16, 2009

62.
"Perfect"[96]
Ed Sheeran
1.35
November 9, 2017

63.
"All of Me"[97]
John Legend
1.35
October 2, 2013

64.
"Hasta el Amanecer"[98]
Nicky Jam
1.33
January 14, 2016

65.
"That's What I Like"[99]
Bruno Mars
1.32
March 2, 2017

66.
"Mayores"[100]
Becky G and Bad Bunny
1.30
July 13, 2017

67.
"Havana (Audio)"[101]
Camila Cabello featuring Young Thug
1.29
August 3, 2017

68.
"Something Just like This (Lyric video)"[102]
The Chainsmokers and Coldplay
1.27
February 22, 2017

69.
"Andas en Mi Cabeza"[103]
Chino & Nacho featuring Daddy Yankee
1.26
April 20, 2016

70.
"Burn"[104]
Ellie Goulding
1.26
July 7, 2013

71.
"On the Floor"[105]
Jennifer Lopez featuring Pitbull
1.25
March 3, 2011

72.
"The Hills"[106]
The Weeknd
1.25
May 27, 2015

73.
"Shaky Shaky"[107]
Daddy Yankee
1.24
July 14, 2016

74.
"How Deep Is Your Love"[108]
Calvin Harris featuring Disciples
1.23
August 6, 2015

75.
"Summer"[109]
Calvin Harris
1.23
April 6, 2014

76.
"Bad Blood"[110]
Taylor Swift featuring Kendrick Lamar
1.23
May 17, 2015

77.
"Hey Mama"[111]
David Guetta featuring Nicki Minaj, Bebe Rexha and Afrojack
1.23
May 19, 2015

78.
"Thrift Shop"[112]
Macklemore & Ryan Lewis featuring Wanz
1.21
August 29, 2012

79.
"Diamonds"[113]
Rihanna
1.21
November 8, 2012

80.
"Picky"[114]
Joey Montana
1.20
June 29, 2015

81.
"Bang Bang"[115]
Jessie J, Ariana Grande and Nicki Minaj
1.20
August 25, 2014

82.
"Animals"[116]
Martin Garrix
1.19
June 17, 2013

83.
"X"[117]
Nicky Jam and J Balvin
1.19
March 1, 2018

84.
"El Pollito Pio"[118]
Pulcino Pio
1.19
November 29, 2012

85.
"Corazón"[119]
Maluma featuring Nego do Borel
1.19
December 8, 2017

86.
"La Bicicleta"[120]
Carlos Vives and Shakira
1.19
July 8, 2016

87.
"Gentleman"[121]
Psy
1.19
April 13, 2013

88.
"Just the Way You Are"[122]
Bruno Mars
1.18
September 8, 2010

89.
"Swalla"[123]
Jason Derulo featuring Nicki Minaj and Ty Dolla Sign
1.17
March 17, 2017

90.
"El Perdón"[124]
Nicky Jam and Enrique Iglesias
1.16
March 23, 2015

91.
"Masha and the Bear: Bon appétit!"[125]
Get Movies
1.15
September 21, 2012

92.
"Johny Johny Yes Papa"[126]
LooLoo Kids
1.15
October 8, 2016

93.
"Me Rehúso (Audio)"[127]
Danny Ocean
1.15
September 18, 2016

94.
"Cheap Thrills (Lyric video)"[128]
Sia featuring Sean Paul
1.15
February 11, 2016

95.
"Someone like You"[129]
Adele
1.14
September 29, 2011

96.
"Not Afraid"[130]
Eminem
1.13
June 4, 2010

97.
"El Perdedor"[131]
Maluma
1.13
April 22, 2016

98.
"El Amante"[132]
Nicky Jam
1.12
January 15, 2017

99.
"Problem"[133]
Ariana Grande featuring Iggy Azalea
1.12
May 30, 2014

100.
"Firework"[134]
Katy Perry
1.12
October 28, 2010

As of August 28, 2018

text: By year of release

text: The following table lists the current top 5 most viewed YouTube videos uploaded in each year, with each total rounded to the nearest ten million views, as well as the uploader and date of publication to YouTube.[O]

text: As of  August 2018[update], Katy Perry and Adele have the most appearances on the list with three each. Only Linkin Park (2007), icanrockyourworld (2007) and Luis Fonsi (2017) have two videos in the top 5 of a single year, with both the English and French versions of Gummibär's The Gummy Bear Song being in the top five videos of 2007. Only three videos on the list are not music videos.

text:
Top 5 most-viewed YouTube videos each year

Year

Video name

Uploader

Views (billions)

Upload date

Notes

2005

"Life Goes On"[135]
fhearnoiz
0.11
September 22, 2005

"guitar"[136]
guitar90
0.09
December 20, 2005

"Tarzan Boy"[137]
nailofgilead
0.09
November 2, 2005

"Hurt"[138]
beachbuggy
0.08
December 12, 2005

"Bohemian Rhapsody"[139]
Frozentoast
0.06
September 18, 2005

Combined views (2005)

0.43

[140][141]

2006  [P]

"Galinha Pintadinha - videoclip infantil animado"[142]
Galinha Pintadinha
0.52
December 28, 2006

"Ella y Yo"[143]
JosephIngma
0.37
April 27, 2006

"Evolution of Dance"[144]
Judson Laipply
0.30
April 6, 2006
[Q]

"I Write Sins Not Tragedies"[145]
Fueled By Ramen
0.24
July 18, 2006

"If you are happy"[146]
Alicia Kids!
0.18
September 5, 2006

Combined views (2006)

1.61

[147][148]

2007  [R]

"The Gummy Bear Song"[82]
icanrockyourworld
1.48
October 9, 2007

"Numb"[149]
Linkin Park
0.94
March 4, 2007

"Charlie Bit My Finger"[150]
HDCYT
0.86
May 22, 2007
[S]

"Je m'appelle Funny Bear"[151]
icanrockyourworld
0.37
October 15, 2007

"What I've Done"[152]
Linkin Park
0.36
April 3, 2007

Combined views (2007)

4.01

[147][148]

2008

"Hot n Cold"[153]
Katy Perry
0.83
October 13, 2008

"Bohemian Rhapsody"[154]
Queen Official
0.61
August 1, 2008

"Pintinho Amarelinho - DVD Galena Pintadinha"[155]
Galinha Pintadinha
0.60
September 15, 2008

"Viva la Vida"[156]
Coldplay
0.50
August 4, 2008

"Colgando en tus manos"[157]
Carlos Baute
0.41
October 29, 2008

Combined views (2008)

2.95

[147]

2009

"Axel F"[95]
Crazy Frog
1.36
June 16, 2009

"November Rain"[158]
Guns N' Roses
1.01
December 24, 2009

"Bad Romance"[159]
Lady Gaga
0.95
November 23, 2009
[T]

"You Belong with Me"[160]
Taylor Swift
0.86
June 16, 2009

"Zombie"[161]
The Cranberries
0.76
June 16, 2009

Combined views (2009)

4.94

[147]

2010

"Waka Waka (This Time for Africa)"[54]
Shakira
2.00
June 4, 2010

"Baby"[56]
Justin Bieber
1.96
February 19, 2010
[U]

"Love the Way You Lie"[70]
Eminem
1.58
August 5, 2010

"Rolling in the Deep"[93]
Adele
1.38
November 30, 2010

"Just the Way You Are"[122]
Bruno Mars
1.18
September 8, 2010

Combined views (2010)

8.10

[147]

2011

"Party Rock Anthem"[77]
LMFAO
1.53
March 8, 2011

"The Lazy Song"[84]
Bruno Mars
1.44
April 15, 2011

"On the Floor"[105]
Jennifer Lopez
1.25
March 3, 2011

"Someone like You"[129]
Adele
1.14
September 29, 2011

"Somebody That I Used to Know"[162]
Gotye
1.10
July 5, 2011

Combined views (2011)

6.46

[147]

2012

"Маша и Медведь - Маша плюс каша"[29]
Get Movies
3.24
January 31, 2012

"Gangnam Style"[30]
Psy
3.20
July 15, 2012
[V]

"Let Her Go"[53]
Passenger
2.00
July 25, 2012

"Thrift Shop"[112]
Macklemore & Ryan Lewis
1.21
August 29, 2012

"Diamonds"[113]
Rihanna
1.21
November 8, 2012

Combined views (2012)

10.86

[147]

2013

"Roar"[39]
Katy Perry
2.61
September 5, 2013

"Counting Stars"[43]
OneRepublic
2.39
May 31, 2013

"Wake Me Up"[66]
Avicii
1.65
July 29, 2013

"Rude"[78]
Magic!
1.52
December 5, 2013

"Propuesta Indecente"[91]
Romeo Santos
1.38
September 9, 2013

Combined views (2013)

9.55

[147]

2014

"Uptown Funk"[35]
Mark Ronson
3.20
November 19, 2014

"Shake It Off"[38]
Taylor Swift
2.63
August 18, 2014

"Bailando"[40]
Enrique Iglesias
2.56
April 11, 2014

"Thinking Out Loud"[41]
Ed Sheeran
2.45
October 7, 2014

"Dark Horse"[42]
Katy Perry
2.40
February 20, 2014

Combined views (2014)

13.24

[147]

2015

"See You Again"[22]
Wiz Khalifa
3.73
April 6, 2015
[W]

"Sorry"[36]
Justin Bieber
3.00
October 22, 2015

"Sugar"[37]
Maroon 5
2.72
January 14, 2015

"Hello"[44]
Adele
2.39
October 22, 2015

"Lean On"[46]
Major Lazer
2.38
March 22, 2015

Combined views (2015)

14.22

[147]

2016

"Chantaje"[48]
Shakira
2.24
November 18, 2016

"Closer (Lyric video)"[50]
The Chainsmokers
2.16
July 29, 2016

"This Is What You Came For"[52]
Calvin Harris
2.07
June 16, 2016

"We Don't Talk Anymore"[60]
Charlie Puth
1.91
August 2, 2016

"Work from Home"[61]
Fifth Harmony
1.90
February 26, 2016

Combined views (2016)

10.28

[147]

2017

"Despacito"[16]
Luis Fonsi
5.46
January 12, 2017
[X]

"Shape of You"[21]
Ed Sheeran
3.73
January 30, 2017

"Mi Gente"[55]
J Balvin
1.99
June 29, 2017

"Échame la Culpa"[71]
Luis Fonsi
1.56
November 16, 2017

"Criminal"[79]
Pina Records
1.51
August 18, 2017

Combined views (2017)

14.25

[147]

2018

"X"[117]
Nicky Jam
1.19
March 1, 2018

"Te Boté (Remix)"[163]
Flow La Movie
1.10
April 11, 2018

"Dura"[164]
Daddy Yankee
1.05
January 18, 2018

"El Farsante (Remix)"[165]
Ozuna
0.93
January 30, 2018

"God's Plan"[166]
Drake
0.80
February 16, 2018

Combined views (2018)

5.07

[147]

As of August 17, 2018

text: Historical most viewed videos

text: The following table lists the last 15 videos to become YouTube's most viewed video, from October 2005 to the present.

text:
Progression of the most-viewed video on YouTube

Video name

Uploader

Views*

Upload date

Date achieved

Days held

Ref(s)

Notes

"Despacito"[16]
Luis Fonsi
2,993,700,000
Jan 12, 2017
Aug 04, 2017
390
[167]
[Y]

"See You Again"[22]
Wiz Khalifa
2,894,000,000
Apr 06, 2015
Jul 10, 2017
25
[169]

"Gangnam Style"[30]
Psy
803,700,000
Jul 15, 2012
Nov 24, 2012
1,689
[31]
[Z]

"Baby"[56]
Justin Bieber
245,400,000
Feb 19, 2010
Jul 16, 2010
862
[57]
[AA]

"Bad Romance"[159]
Lady Gaga
178,400,000
Nov 23, 2009
Apr 14, 2010
93
[173]
[AB]

"Charlie Bit My Finger"[150]
HDCYT
128,900,000
May 22, 2007
Oct 25, 2009
171
[176]

"Evolution of Dance"[144]
Judson Laipply
118,900,000
Apr 06, 2006
May 2, 2009
176
[177]

"Girlfriend"[178][179]
RCA Records
92,600,000
Feb 27, 2007
Jul 17, 2008
289
[180]

"Evolution of Dance"[144]
Judson Laipply
78,400,000
Apr 06, 2006
Mar 15, 2008
124
[181]

"Music Is My Hot Hot Sex"[182]
CLARUSBARTEL72
76,600,000
Apr 09, 2007
Feb 29, 2008
15
[183]
[AC]

"Evolution of Dance"[144]
Judson Laipply
10,600,000
Apr 06, 2006
May 19, 2006
651
[186]
[AD]

"Pokemon Theme Music Video"[187]
Smosh
4,300,000
Nov 28, 2005
Mar 12, 2006
68
[188]
[AE]

"Myspace – The Movie"[191][192]
eggtea
2,700,000
Jan 31, 2006
Feb 18, 2006
22
[193]

"Phony Photo Booth"[194]
mugenized
3,400,000
Dec 01, 2005
Jan 21, 2006
28
[195]
[AF]

"The Chronic of Narnia Rap"[196]
youtubedude
2,300,000
Dec 18, 2005
Jan 09, 2006
12
[197]

"Ronaldinho: Touch of Gold"[198]
Nikesoccer
255,000
Oct 21, 2005
Oct 31, 2005
70
[199]
[AG]

"I/O Brush"[202]
larfus
247,000
Oct 05, 2005
Oct 29, 2005
2
[203]

"Me at the zoo"[204]
jawed

Apr 23, 2005
Apr 23, 2005
1
[205][206]

As of August 29, 2018

text: *The approximate number of views each video had when it became YouTube's most viewed video.

text: Timeline of most viewed videos (Oct 2005 - Aug 2018)

text: № 1 most viewed video (Oct 2005 - Jun 2006)

text: № 1 most viewed video (Apr 2006 - Jan 2010)

text: № 1 most viewed video (Oct 2009 - Jan 2013)

text: № 1 most viewed video (Jan 2012 - Aug 2018)


document_title: Let Me Love You Tonight

question_text: who sings the song let me love you tonight

root

text: Let Me Love You Tonight

text:
"Let Me Love You Tonight"

Single by Pure Prairie League

from the album Firin' Up

B-side
"Janny Lou"

Released
April 27, 1980

Format
7" (45 rpm)

Genre
Country pop • soft rock

Length
2:47

Label
Casablanca Records

Songwriter(s)
George Greer, Jeff Wilson, Steve Woodard

Producer(s)
John Ryan

tag: table

text: "Let Me Love You Tonight" is a 1980 song by the American pop and country rock band Pure Prairie League.

tag: p

text: Taken as the first single from their 1980 album, Firin' Up, "Let Me Love You Tonight" became the band's first (and, to date, only) song to enter the top ten on the Billboard Hot 100 chart, where it peaked at number ten during the summer of 1980, and remained in the Top 40 for eleven weeks.[1] The song also spent three weeks at number one on the Billboard adult contemporary chart.[2] The lead vocalist for the band at the time was Vince Gill, who would later become a very successful country music singer in his own right. Noted saxophonist David Sanborn can also be heard on the track.


document_title: John Deere

question_text: where are the john deere tractors made at

text: John Deere

text: 19th century[edit]

text: This section needs additional citations for verification. (April 2017) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

text: Deere & Company began when John Deere, born in Rutland, Vermont, USA on February 7, 1804, moved to Grand Detour, Illinois in 1836 to escape bankruptcy in Vermont. Already an established blacksmith, Deere opened a 1,378-square-foot (128 m2) shop in Grand Detour in 1837, which allowed him to serve as a general repairman in the village, as well as a manufacturer of small tools such as pitchforks and shovels. Small tools production was just a start; the item that set him apart was the self-scouring steel plow, which was pioneered in 1837 when John Deere fashioned a Scottish steel saw blade into a plow. Prior to Deere's steel plow, most farmers used iron or wooden plows to which the rich Midwestern soil stuck, so had to be cleaned frequently. The smooth-sided steel plow solved this problem, and greatly aided migration into the American Great Plains in the 19th and early 20th centuries.

text: The traditional way of doing business was to make the product as and when it was ordered. This style was very slow, As Deere realized that this was not going to be a viable business model, he increased the rate of production by manufacturing plows before putting them up for sale; this allowed customers to not only see what they were buying beforehand, but also allowed his customers to purchase his products straight away. Word of his products began to spread quickly.

text: In 1842, Deere entered a business partnership with Leonard Andrus and purchased land for the construction of a new, two-story factory along the Rock River in Illinois. This factory, named the "L. Andrus Plough Manufacturer", produced about 100 plows in 1842 and around 400 plows during the next year. Deere's partnership with Andrus ended in 1848, and Deere relocated to Moline, Illinois, to have access to the railroad and the Mississippi River. There, Deere formed a partnership with Robert Tate and John Gould and built a 1,440-square-foot (134 m2) factory the same year. Production rose quickly, and by 1849, the Deere, Tate & Gould Company was producing over 200 plows a month. A two-story addition to the plant was built, allowing further production.

text: Deere bought out Tate and Gould's interests in the company in 1853, and was joined in the business by his son Charles Deere. At that time, the company was manufacturing a variety of farm equipment products in addition to plows, including wagons, corn planters, and cultivators. In 1857, the company's production totals reached almost 1,120 implements per month. In 1858, a nationwide financial recession took a toll on the company. To prevent bankruptcy, the company was reorganized and Deere sold his interests in the business to his son-in-law, Christopher Webber, and his son, Charles Deere, who would take on most of his father's managerial roles. John Deere served as president of the company until 1886. The company was reorganized again in 1868, when it was incorporated as Deere & Company. While the company's original stockholders were Charles Deere, Stephen Velie, George Vinton, and John Deere, Charles effectively ran the company. In 1869, Charles began to introduce marketing centers and independent retail dealers to advance the company's sales nationwide. This same year, Deere & Company won "Best and Greatest Display of Plows in Variety" at the 17th Annual Illinois State Fair, for which it won $10 and a Silver Medal.[6]

text: The core focus remained on the agricultural implements, but John Deere apparently also made a few bicycles in the 1890s.[citation needed]

text: 20th century[edit]

text: Increased competition during the early 1900s from the new International Harvester Company led the company to expand its offerings in the implement business, but the production of gasoline tractors came to define Deere & Company's operations during the 20th century.

text: In 1912, Deere & Company president William Butterworth (Charles' son-in-law), who had replaced Charles Deere after his death in 1907, began the company's expansion into the tractor business. Deere & Company briefly experimented with its own tractor models, the most successful of which was the Dain All-Wheel-Drive, but in the end decided to continue its foray into the tractor business by purchasing the Waterloo Gasoline Engine Company in 1918, which manufactured the popular Waterloo Boy tractor at its facilities in Waterloo, Iowa. Deere & Company continued to sell tractors under the Waterloo Boy name until 1923, when the John Deere Model D was introduced. The company continues to manufacture a large percentage of its tractors in Waterloo, Iowa, namely the 7R, 8R, and 9R series.

text: The company produced its first combine harvester, the John Deere No. 2, in 1927. A year later, this innovation was followed up by the introduction of John Deere No. 1, a smaller machine that was more popular with customers. By 1929, the No. 1 and No. 2 were replaced by newer, lighter-weight harvesters. In the 1930s, John Deere and other farm equipment manufacturers began developing hillside harvesting technology. Harvesters now had the ability to effectively use their combines to harvest grain on hillsides with up to a 50% slope gradient.[7]

text: On an episode of the Travel Channel series Made in America that profiled Deere & Company, host John Ratzenberger stated that the company never repossessed any equipment from American farmers during the Great Depression.[8]

text: During World War II, the great-grandson of John Deere, Charles Deere Wiman, was president of the company, but he accepted a commission as a colonel in the U.S. Army. A replacement was hired and before returning to work at the company in late 1944, Wiman directed the farm machinery and equipment division of the War Production Board.[9] In addition to farm machinery, John Deere manufactured military tractors, and transmissions for the M3 tank. They also made aircraft parts, ammunition, and mobile laundry units to support the war effort.[10]

text: In 1947, John Deere introduced its first self-propelled combine, the model 55. It was soon followed by the smaller models 40 and 45, the larger model 95, and an even larger model 105 was introduced in the 1960s. In the mid-1950s, Deere introduced attachable corn heads, allowing crop producers to cut, shell, and clean corn in one smooth operation.[7]

text: In 1956, Deere & Company bought-out the German tractor manufacturer, Heinrich Lanz AG (see Lanz Bulldog).

text: In the last months of 1958, John Deere install a factory in the north of Rosario, Argentina [11]. In Argentina, the make was managed by Agar Cross & Co [12]. John Deere made in Argentina the following models of tractos: 445, 730; the models of the serie 20 like 1420, 2420, 3420, 4420; the models of the serie 30 like 2330, 2530, 2730, 3330, 3530, 4530; the models of the serie 40 like 2140, 3140 / 3140 DT, 3440, 3540 and the last made in Baigorria of the serie 50 like 2850, 3350, 3550 until 1994. Seventeen years ago, (in 2011) the argentinian plant returns the assembly of tractors with the following models: 5036C, 5045D (45 HP) Serie 5D, 5045E (45 HP) Serie 5E, 5065E (65 HP) Serie 5E, 5075E (75 HP) Serie 5E, 5425N (77 HP) Serie 5000, 5725 (92 HP) Serie 5025, 5725HC (92 HP) Serie 5025, 5090E, 5090EH, 5076EF, 6110J, 6130J, 6145J and 6165J.

text: Plus, in 2012, added in SKD/CKD format, the assembly of combine harvesters 9570 STS Serie 70, 9470 STS, 9670 STS and 9770 STS [13].

text: Also with the green line, the argentinian facility made some backhoe loaders and motor graders like 570 A/B, 544 A/B, 507, 308, 200 and the 627, 727 model tractors.

text: On August 30, 1960, John Deere dealers from around the world converged on Dallas, Texas, for an unprecedented product showcase. Deere Day in Dallas, as the event was called, introduced the world to the "New Generation of Power", the company’s first modern four-cylinder and six-cylinder tractors, during a day packed with high-tech presentations, live demonstrations, and a parking lot full of brand-new green and yellow machines. The line of tractors introduced that day was five years in the making, and the event itself took months to plan. Deere chose Dallas to host the event partly because it was home to facilities large enough to accommodate the 6,000 guests and the equipment they were all there to see. The Dallas Memorial Auditorium, the Texas State Fairgrounds Coliseum, the Cotton Bowl, and the Cotton Bowl parking lot were each the site of part of the event. During the event, a new John Deere tractor with a diamond-covered nameplate was displayed for all to see inside Neiman-Marcus, a popular Dallas-based department store.

text: According to information released by the company at the time of the event, John Deere dealers and key employees came to Dallas via the "largest commercial airlift of its type ever attempted." During the 24 hours leading up to the event, 16 airlines brought Deere employees and sales people from all over the United States and Canada to Love Field in Dallas. Bill Hewitt, then chairman and CEO of Deere & Company, welcomed the dealers and introduced the new tractors. Hewitt told the guests they were about to see "a line of entirely new tractors – completely modern in every respect – with outstanding features not duplicated in any other make of tractor."

text: Since entering the tractor business in 1918, John Deere had focused on two-cylinder machines. The New Generation of Power introduced at Deere Day in Dallas was very different from anything Deere had built before. The new line of four- and six-cylinder tractors, the models 1010, 2010, 3010, and 4010, were more far more powerful than Deere's two-cylinder models, and also easier and more comfortable to operate, with conveniently located controls, better visibility, and improved seat suspension. These new tractors were also easier to service.[14]

text: The 4010 was rated at 80 horsepower in 1960, but tested at 84 horsepower during testing trials, making it one of the most powerful two-wheel-drive farm tractors at that time. The 4010 was the predecessor to the 4020, which is widely regarded as the most popular tractor ever produced by John Deere, and perhaps any tractor manufacturer in the United States. Although the 4020, which was available with Deere's optional Power Shift, enjoyed greater popularity, the 4010 moved John Deere into the modern era of farm tractor technology and design following its successful history as a tractor manufacturer that was by the late 1950s experiencing waning market share due to its outdated technology.

text: In addition to the advanced engine technology, the "10" series tractors offered many other upgrades from the older two-cylinder models they replaced, including significantly higher horsepower-to-weight ratio, advanced hydraulics, more convenient and comfortable operator stations, and many other improvements. Of the "10" series John Deere tractors introduced in 1960, the 4010 was by far the most popular, with more than 58,000 units sold from 1960 to 1963. The success of the "10" series John Deere tractors, led by the 4010, helped propel John Deere from a 23% market share in 1959 to 34% by 1964 when the 4020 was introduced, making it the top manufacturer of farm equipment in the United States.[15][16][17]

text: In 1972, Deere introduced its new 'Sound Idea' tractors, the 4030, 4230, 4430, and 4630. While these tractors were mechanically similar to the New Generation tractors they replaced, and the 4230, 4430, and 4630 used a 404-cubic-inch displacement engine like the 4020, they featured redesigned sheet metal and most importantly they were available with an optional completely integrated operator's cab that John Deere called the Sound Gard body. This insulated cab that included a roll-over protective structure had a distinctive rounded windshield and came equipped with heat and air conditioning, as well as speakers for an optional radio. An 8-track tape player was also available as an option. The 5020 was replaced by the very similar 6030 and continued in production with New Generation styling until 1977 when the 30 Series tractors were replaced by Deere's 'Iron Horse' series that included the 90-hp 4040, 110-hp 4240, 130-hp 4440, 150-HP 4640, and 180-hp 4840. The 4240, 4440, 4640, and 4840 featured a new 466-cubic-inch displacement engine, and improvements to the cab including an optional hydraulic seat for a smoother ride. The Sound Gard body and Power Shift transmission were standard equipment on the 4840.

text: In 1983, Deere introduced the 4050, 4250, 4450, 4650, and 4850. These tractors were essentially the same machines as the Iron Horses they replaced, but with significant upgrades. They offered a new 15-speed Power Shift transmission, and were available with optional mechanical front-wheel drive featuring caster action for better traction and a tighter turning radius. They also featured cosmetic upgrades, including a new light brown cab interior, not the black interior on previous models. These tractors were followed by the mechanically similar 55 and 60 series tractors before they were replaced by the Deere's completely redesigned 7000 and 8000 series tractors in the early 1990s.

text: In the 1962 Illinois Manufacturers Directory (50th anniversary edition), John Deere, listed as Deere and Company, claimed a total work force of 35,000, of which 9,000 were in Illinois. The corporate headquarters were located at 1325 Third Ave. in Moline, Illinois, with six manufacturing plants located around that city and a seventh plant in Hoopston, Illinois. The six plants in Moline were listed as:

text:
John Deere Harvester Works at 1100 - 13th Ave., East Moline, where 3,000 employees made agricultural implements
John Deere Industrial Equipment Works at 301 Third Ave., Moline, where 500 employees made earth-moving equipment
John Deere Malleable Works at 1335-13th Street, East Moline, where 600 employees made malleable and nodular iron castings
John Deere Planter Works at 501 Third Ave., Moline, where 1,000 employees made agricultural implements *John Deere Plow Works at 1225 Third Ave., Moline, where 1,100 employees made agricultural implements
John Deere Spreader Works at 1209-13th Ave., Moline where 800 employees made agricultural implements

tag: ul

text: The John Deere Vermilion Works was located at North Sixth Ave., Hoopston, Illinois, where 140 employees were listed as making iron work and implement parts. Moline, with 42,705 residents in 1962, had the local 7,000 employees of John Deere represent 16% of the city's entire population.[18]

text: In 1969, John Deere followed its New Generation tractors of the 1960s with a New Generation of combines. These included the 3300, 4400, 6600, and 7700. These models were also the first to come with Quik-Tatch header mounting capabilities as standard equipment. In the 1980s, these combines were followed by the 4420, 6620, 7720, and 8820 that were essentially updated and improved versions of the previous models with larger capacity, a nicer cab, and easier maintenance and service. The 4420 was discontinued in 1984 and replaced by the 4425 combine imported from Germany, and the 6620, 7720, and 8820 received the Titan II updates.

text: In 1989, Deere replaced the 6620, 7720, and 8820 with a new line of completely redesigned 'Maximizer' combines that included the 9400, 9500, and 9600 walker combines. These combines were completely redesigned and featured a center-mounted cab, rear-mounted engine, and more comforts in the cab. Also in 1989, Deere was inducted into the National Inventors Hall of Fame. In 1997, Deere celebrated 50 years of self-propelled combine production, and the 1997 models featured a 50th-anniversary decal. In 1998, the 9410, 9510, and 9610 were introduced. These were essentially the same machines, but with minor upgrades. Deere dealers offered '10 series' upgrades to owners of older 9000 series Maximizer combines. In 1999, Deere introduced the 50 series Maximizer combines. These machines featured significant cosmetic upgrades including a more streamlined appearance, improved ergonomics in the cab, PTO shaft-style header hook-up, and the larger models were available as rotary machines which were a complete departure from the combines that Deere had built in the past.[19]

text: In the late 1970s, International Harvester had pioneered rotary combines with their Axial flow machines, and were soon followed by other manufacturers, but Deere continued to build only conventional walker combines through the 1980s and 1990s. In 1999, John Deere introduced the Single-Tine Separation (STS) system on its 9550, 9650, and 9750 combines, representing a step forward in rotary combine technology. The STS system uses less horsepower and improves material handling.[7]

text: 21st century[edit]

text: As of 2014[update], Deere & Company employed about 67,000 people worldwide, of which half are in the United States and Canada, and is the largest agriculture machinery company in the world. In August 2014, the company announced it was indefinitely laying off 600 of its workers at plants in Illinois, Iowa, and Kansas due to less demand for its products.[20] Inside the United States, the company's primary locations are its administrative center in Moline, Illinois, and manufacturing factories in central and southeastern United States.[21] As of 2016[update], the company experiments with an electric farm tractor.[22]

text: The logo of the leaping deer has been used by this company for over 155 years. Over the years, the logo has had minor changes and pieces removed. Some of the older style logos have the deer leaping over a log.[23][24] The company uses different logo colors for agricultural vs. construction products. The company's agricultural products are identifiable by a distinctive shade of green paint, with the inside border being yellow. While the construction products are identifiable by a shade of black with the deer being yellow, and the inside border also being yellow.

text: In September 2017, Deere & Company signed a definitive agreement to acquire Blue River Technology, which is based in Sunnyvale, California and is a leader in applying machine learning to agriculture. Blue River has designed and integrated computer vision and machine learning technology that will enable growers to reduce the use of herbicides by spraying only where weeds are present, optimizing the use of inputs in farming. [25]

text: Products[edit]

text: John Deere manufactures a wide range of products, with several models of each in many cases.

text: Agricultural equipment[edit]

text: Agricultural products include, among others, tractors, combine harvesters, cotton harvesters, balers, planters/seeders, silage machines, and sprayers.

text:
Tractor

Tracked tractor (9630T)

FEL attachment

Combine

Forage harvester

Cotton picker

Sugarcane harvester

Seed drill

Field sprayer

Telescopic handler

Horse drawn manure spreader

text: Construction equipment[edit]

text: Construction equipment includes:

text:
Excavator

Loader

Tracked loader

Backhoe

Skid-steer

Grader

text: Forestry equipment[edit]

text: John Deere manufactures a range of forestry machinery, among others, harvesters, forwarders, skidders. feller bunchers and log loaders. Timberjack is a subsidiary of John Deere since 2000.

text:
Harvester

Forwarder

Skidder

text: Other products[edit]

text: The company manufactures lawn mowers and also is a manufacturer of consumer and commercial equipment, and snow throwers, as well as a supplier of diesel engines and powertrains (axles, transmissions, etc.) used especially in heavy equipment.[citation needed]

text: Other products were/are snowmobiles, all-terrain vehicles, and StarFire (a wide-area differential GPS).

text: John Deere leasing has expanded to non-equipment loans and as of 2017, it is the leading division of John Deere and with loan portfolio of $2 billion, accounts for a third of John Deere's income.[26]

text:
Lawn mower

UTV (Gator)

Diesel engine

text: Factories[edit]

text: Major North American factories include:

text:
Harvester Works (large combine harvesters) East Moline, Illinois
Cylinder Internal Platform (hydraulic cylinders) Moline, Illinois
Seeding Group (planting equipment) Moline, Illinois and Valley City, North Dakota
Davenport Works (wheel loaders, motor graders, articulated dump trucks, wheeled forestry equipment) Davenport, Iowa
Dubuque Works (backhoes, crawlers, skid-steer loaders, tracked forestry equipment) Dubuque, Iowa
Des Moines Works (tillage equipment, cotton harvesters, sprayers) Ankeny, Iowa
Ottumwa Works (hay and forage equipment) Ottumwa, Iowa
Thibodaux Works (cane-harvesting equipment, scrapers) Thibodaux, Louisiana
Horicon Works (lawn and garden and turf care) Horicon, Wisconsin
Augusta Works (small commercial and agricultural tractors) Augusta, Georgia
Turf Care (specialty golf equipment and commercial mowing) Fuquay Varina, North Carolina
Industrias John Deere (agricultural tractors; construction equipment) (Monterrey, Mexico)
Motores John Deere (power systems; 6- and 4-cylinder engines, heavy-duty axles) Torreon, Mexico
Coffeyville Works (transmissions, pump drives, planetaries) Coffeyville, Kansas
Waterloo Works (tractor, cab, and assembly operations, drivetrain operations, foundry operations, service parts operations) Waterloo, Iowa
Power Systems and Engine Works (power systems and engines) Waterloo, Iowa

text: Other important factories:

text:
John Deere Usine Saran (power systems), Fleury-les-Aubrais, France
John Deere Argentina (engines, tractors, and combine harvesters), Granadero Baigorria, Santa Fe, Argentina
John Deere Equipment Pvt Ltd (5000-series tractors) Pune, India
John Deere Equipment Pvt Ltd (5000-series tractors), Dewas, India
John Deere Electronic solutions, Fargo, ND and Pune, India
John Deere Harvester Works, Sirhind-Fategarh, India
John Deere Werke Mannheim (6000-series tractors), Mannheim, Germany
John Deere Brasil: Montenegro, Rio Grande do Sul (tractors), Horizontina - RS (harvesters and planters), Catalão - GO (sugarcane harvesters)
John Deere Werke Zweibrücken (harvesting equipment) Zweibrücken, Germany
John Deere Fabriek Horst (pulled and self-propelled agricultural sprayers) Horst, The Netherlands
John Deere Forestry Oy (forwarders, wheeled harvesters) Joensuu, Finland
John Deere Reman[27] remanufacturing components for off-highway vehicles: facilities in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada (cylinders, axles, transmissions, pumps, hydraulic and powertrain components) and Springfield, Missouri, USA (engines, fuel systems, turbochargers).
Sabo (consumer and commercial lawn equipment) Gummersbach, Germany

text: Equipment divisions[edit]

text:
Name
City/State
Country
Products
Division
Comments

Industrias John Deere Argentina S.A.
Granadero Baigorria, Santa Fe
Argentina
Engines, tractors and combine harvesters
Agriculture

John Deere Limited Parts Distribution Center
Derrimut, Victoria
Australia

Agriculture

Auteq Telematica S.A.
São Paulo
Brazil

Agriculture

John Deere Brazil Ltda. - Unidade Catalão
Catalão (GO)
Brazil

Agriculture

John Deere Brazil Ltda. - Unidade Horizontina
Horizontina (RS)
Brazil

Agriculture

John Deere Brazil Ltda. - Unidade Montenegro
Montenegro (RS)
Brazil

Agriculture

John Deere (Harbin) Agriculture Machinery Co., Ltd.
Jiamusi, Heilongjiang
China

Agriculture

John Deere (Ningbo) Agriculture Machinery Co., Ltd.
Zhenhai District, Ningbo
China

Agriculture

John Deere (Tianjin) Agriculture Machinery Co., Ltd.
Tianjin
China

Agriculture

John Deere Usine d'Arc-les-Gray, France
Gray Cedex
France

Agriculture

John Deere GmbH & Co. KG
Bruchsal
Germany

Agriculture

John Deere GmbH & Co. KG
Mannheim
Germany

Agriculture

Maschinenfabrik Kemper GmbH & Co.KG
Stadtlohn
Germany

Agriculture

John Deere GmbH & Co. KG
Zweibruecken
Germany

Agriculture

John Deere Equipment Private Ltd.
Dist. Pune - 412208 Maharashtra
India

Agriculture

John Deere India Private Limited
Patiala Punjab 147 001
India

Agriculture

John Deere India Pvt. Ltd.
Dewas (Madhya Pradesh)
India

Agriculture

John Deere BH Works Ltd
Park Zvaim
Israel

Agriculture

John Deere Cylinder Internal Platform
Ramos Arizpe, Coah.
Mexico

Agriculture

Industrias John Deere S.A. de C.V.
Monterrey, N.L.
Mexico

Agriculture

Industrias John Deere, S.A. de C.V.
Zona Centro, Saltillo, Coah.
Mexico

Agriculture

John Deere Ramos
Ramos Arizpe, Coah.
Mexico

Agriculture

John Deere Fabriek Horst B.V.
Horst
Netherlands

Agriculture

John Deere Domodedovo
Domodedovo
Russia

Agriculture

John Deere Orenburg
Orenburg
Russia

Agriculture

John Deere Ibérica, S.
Madrid
Spain

Agriculture

The Vapormatic Company Ltd.
Exeter
United Kingdom

Agriculture

NavCom Technology, Inc.
Torrance, CA
United States

Agriculture

John Deere Cylinder Internal Platform
Moline, IL
United States
Cylinder manufacturing
Agriculture

John Deere Harvester Works
East Moline, IL
United States
Large combine harvesters
Agriculture

John Deere Seeding Group
East Moline, IL
United States

Agriculture

John Deere Des Moines Works
Ankeny, IA
United States
Sprayers, cotton harvesters, and tillage equipment
Agriculture

John Deere Ottumwa Works
Ottumwa, IA
United States
Baling technology
Agriculture

John Deere Paton
Paton, IA
United States

Agriculture

John Deere Intelligent Solutions Group - Urbandale
Urbandale, IA
United States

Agriculture

John Deere Waterloo Works - Tractor, Cab, and Assembly Operations
Waterloo, IA
United States
6R, 7R, 8R/8RT, and 9R/9RT Series tractors
Agriculture

John Deere Waterloo Works - Drivetrain Operations
Waterloo, IA
United States
Transmissions, drives, and axle machining and assembly
Agriculture

John Deere Waterloo Works - Service Parts Operations
Waterloo, IA
United States
Tractor service parts
Agriculture

John Deere Waterloo Works - Foundry Operations
Waterloo, IA
United States

Agriculture

John Deere Thibodaux
Thibodaux, LA
United States

Agriculture

John Deere Seeding Group
Valley City, ND
United States

Agriculture

Waratah Forestry Equipment Pty. Ltd
Melton, Victoria
Australia

Construction and forestry

John Deere Brazil Ltda.
Lado Direito Indaiatuba – São Paulo
Brazil

Construction and forestry

Deere Hitachi
Indaiatuba, São Paulo
Brazil

Construction and forestry

Deere-Hitachi Specialty Products (DHSP) — Langley
Langley, British Columbia
Canada

Construction and forestry

John Deere Reman — Edmonton
Alberta
Canada

Construction and forestry

Waratah Forestry Equipment Canada, Ltd.
Kamloops, BC
Canada

Construction and forestry

John Deere (Tianjin) Company Limited
Tianjin
China

Construction and forestry

John Deere Forestry — Joensuu, Finland
Joensuu
Finland

Construction and forestry

Waratah OM Oy
Joensuu, Finland
Finland

Construction and forestry

Ashok Leyland John Deere Construction Equipment Pvt. Ltd.
Tamil Nadu
India

Construction and forestry

Industrias John Deere S.A. de C.V.
Garza Garcia, Nuevo Leon
Mexico

Construction and forestry

Waratah NZ Ltd.
Tokoroa Waikato
New Zealand

Construction and forestry

John Deere Domodedovo
Moscow
Russia

Construction and forestry

Bell Equipment Limited
Empangeni
South Africa

Construction and forestry

Waratah Forestry Attachment, LLC.
Peachtree City, GA
United States

Construction and forestry

John Deere Construction & Forestry Company
Moline, IL
United States

Construction and forestry

John Deere Davenport Works
Davenport, IA
United States

Construction and forestry

John Deere Training Center - Davenport
Davenport, IA
United States

Construction and forestry

John Deere Dubuque Works
Dubuque, IA
United States

Construction and forestry

John Deere Reman — Springfield
Springfield, MO
United States

Construction and forestry

Deere-Hitachi Construction Machinery Corp.
Kernersville, NC
United States

Construction and forestry

Waratah Forestry Attachment, LLC
Kelso, WA
United States

Construction and forestry

SABO - Maschinenfabrik GmbH
Gummersbach
Germany

Turf

John Deere Commercial Products
Grovetown, GA
United States

Turf

John Deere Turf Care
Fuquay-Varina, NC
United States

Turf

John Deere Training Center - Morrisville
Morrisville, NC
United States

Turf

Transaxle Manufacturing of America Corporation
Rock Hill, SC
United States

Turf

John Deere Power Products
Greeneville, TN
United States

Turf

John Deere Horicon Works
Horicon, WI
United States

Turf

text: Subsidiaries and affiliates[edit]

text: Current[edit]

text:
AGRIS Corporation (John Deere Agri Services)

John Deere 8530 tractor with Kinze 3700 planter

John Deere Ag Management Solutions (intelligent mobile equipment technologies) Urbandale, Iowa
John Deere Capital Corporation
John Deere Financial[28] (John Deere Credit and Finance) Johnston, Iowa.
Kemper (row tolerant headers for forage harvesters and combines) Stadtlohn, Germany
Waratah Forestry Attachments (forestry harvesting heads) Tokoroa, New Zealand
Agreentech
NavCom Technology, Inc. (precision positioning systems, see also StarFire) Torrance, California
John Deere Electronic Solutions (Ruggedized electronics) Fargo, North Dakota
Ningbo Benye Tractor & Automobile Manufacture Co. Ltd. (low HP tractors) Ningbo, China
Machinefinder (used equipment division and marketplace)
John Deere Technology Innovation Center located in Research Park, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
QCFS and Consolidating (attachment distribution center) Davenport, IA

text: Former[edit]

text: John Deere Renewables, LLC, a wind energy plant manufacturing arm which represented John Deere's extension into the renewable energy industry - under which it had successfully completed 36 projects in eight US states - was sold to Exelon Energy in August 2010.[29]

text: In popular culture[edit]

text:
Joe Diffie released a song in 1993 called "John Deere Green", a top-five hit.
Kenny Chesney released a song in 1999 called "She Thinks My Tractor's Sexy" referencing John Deere Tractors: "She ain't into cars or pick up trucks,/But if it runs like a Deere, man, her eyes light up."
George Jones famously drove a John Deere lawn tractor to a liquor store after his wife had taken away his car keys to keep him from driving drunk. The incident was later memorialized as part of country music lore in numerous songs and videos, including Jones’ own “Honky Tonk Song” in 1996. Twelve years earlier, the video for Hank Williams Jr.’s “All My Rowdy Friends Are Coming Over Tonight” featured George Jones riding a lawnmower. Vince Gill’s 1993 hit “One More Last Chance” includes the line, “She might have took my car keys, but she forgot about my old John Deere.” The video ends with Gill on a John Deere tractor passing Jones on a John Deere lawnmower. The video for John Rich’s “Country Done Come to Town” also features Jones on a riding lawnmower.[30]

text: Sponsorships[edit]

text:
The John Deere Classic is an American professional golf tournament sponsored by the company.
John Deere sponsored the #23 and #97 cars for NASCAR driver Chad Little in the late 1990s.[31]

text: Controversies[edit]

text: Some groups, including the Electronic Frontier Foundation,[32][33] have taken issue with the fact that John Deere's license covering the internal software on tractor control computers does not allow them to modify the software and that John Deere claims doing so would be forbidden by the Digital Millennium Copyright Act, as bypassing of digital rights management.[34]

text: Stating security reasons, John Deere locks tractors digitally to prevent repairs by do-it-yourself farmers.[35]

text: Green Magazine[edit]

text: Green Magazine is a publication devoted to John Deere enthusiasts.[36][37] It began in November 1984 by Richard and Carol Hain of Bee, Nebraska.

text: The first issue was mailed in early November 1984 to 135 paid subscribers and had 10 black-and-ehite pages with features on tractors, letters from readers, and advertisements.[38] At the time, the magazine was published bimonthly. It writing was written in Lincoln, Nebraska, and it was mailed from the Bee post office.

text: The magazine grew rapidly, and in 1990, bowing to public demand, the magazine became a monthly. Circulation continued to increase, and at the current time hovers around 30,000. The magazine now generally contains 88 full-color pages and is perfect bound. It is now printed in Michigan and mailed from several different post offices throughout the country.

text: Current content usually includes a "Tip of the Month" article covering New Generation restoration written by Dan Brotzman, a "Youngtimer" article written by Tyler Buchheit, "Shop Talk" by Ron and JoAnn O'Neill, "Saw it On eBay" by Adam Smith and Benjamin Hain, "Scale Models" by Bill Proft, "What's New and Old" by Greg Stephen, "Feature Model" by Benjamin Hain, "Do You Have One of These" by Richard Hain, and "Mr. Thinker", which is said to be written by "a variety of experts".


document_title: List of Governors of South Carolina

question_text: who was the first governor of south carolina

text: List of Governors of South Carolina

text: Colonial period (1670–1775)[edit]

text: Statehood period (1776–present)[edit]

text: Presidents under the Articles of Confederation[edit]

text: The General Assembly chose the President for a term of two years.

text: No party

text:
#
Governor
Took Office
Left Office
Lt. Governor
Party
Notes

31
John Rutledge
March 26, 1776
March 5, 1778
Henry Laurens
No party
1st time, Resigned

32
Rawlins Lowndes
March 6, 1778
January 9, 1779
James Parsons
No party
British prisoner
during Revolutionary War

text: Governors under the Articles of Confederation[edit]

text: The General Assembly chose the Governor for a term of two years.

text: No party

text:
#
Governor
Took office
Left office
Lt. Governor
Party
Notes

John Rutledge
January 9, 1779
January 31, 1782
Thomas Bee
Christopher Gadsden
No party
2nd time

33
John Mathews
January 31, 1782
February 4, 1783
Richard Hutson
No party

34
Benjamin Guerard
February 4, 1783
February 11, 1785
Richard Beresford
William Moultrie
William Moultrie
No party

35
William Moultrie
February 11, 1785
February 20, 1787
Charles Drayton
No party
1st time

36
Thomas Pinckney
February 20, 1787
January 26, 1789
Thomas Gadsden
Federalist

37
Charles Pinckney
January 26, 1789
December 5, 1792
Alexander Gillon
Federalist
1st time

text: Governors under the Constitution of 1790[edit]

text: Democratic   Federalist   Democratic-Republican

text:
#
Governor
Took office
Left office
Lt. Governor
Party
Notes

William Moultrie
December 5, 1792
December 17, 1794
James Ladson
Federalist
2nd time

38
Arnoldus Vanderhorst
December 17, 1794
December 8, 1796
Lewis Morris
Federalist

Charles Pinckney
December 8, 1796
December 18, 1798
Robert Anderson
Democratic-Republican
2nd time

39
Edward Rutledge
December 18, 1798
January 23, 1800
John Drayton
Federalist
Died in office

40
John Drayton
January 23, 1800
December 8, 1802
Richard Winn
Democratic-Republican
1st time

41
James Burchill Richardson
December 8, 1802
December 7, 1804
Ezekiel Pickens
Democratic-Republican

42
Paul Hamilton
December 7, 1804
December 9, 1806
Thomas Sumter, Jr.
Democratic-Republican

Charles Pinckney
December 9, 1806
December 10, 1808
John Hopkins
Democratic-Republican
3rd time

John Drayton
December 10, 1808
December 8, 1810
Frederick Nance
Democratic-Republican
2nd time

43
Henry Middleton
December 8, 1810
December 10, 1812
Samuel Farrow
Democratic-Republican

44
Joseph Alston
December 10, 1812
December 10, 1814
Eldred Simkins
Democratic-Republican

45
David Rogerson Williams
December 10, 1814
December 5, 1816
Robert Creswell
Democratic-Republican

46
Andrew Pickens
December 5, 1816
December 8, 1818
John A. Cuthbert
Democratic-Republican

47
John Geddes
December 8, 1818
December 7, 1820
William Youngblood
Democratic-Republican

48
Thomas Bennett, Jr.
December 7, 1820
December 7, 1822
William Pinckney
Democratic-Republican

49
John Lyde Wilson
December 7, 1822
December 3, 1824
Henry Bradley
Democratic-Republican

50
Richard Irvine Manning I
December 3, 1824
December 9, 1826
William Bull
Democratic-Republican

51
John Taylor
December 9, 1826
December 10, 1828
James Witherspoon
Democratic-Republican

52
Stephen Decatur Miller
December 10, 1828
December 9, 1830
Thomas Williams
Democratic (Nullifier)

53
James Hamilton, Jr.
December 9, 1830
December 10, 1832
Patrick Noble
Democratic (Nullifier)

54
Robert Young Hayne
December 10, 1832
December 9, 1834
Charles Cotesworth Pinckney
Democratic (Nullifier)

55
George McDuffie
December 9, 1834
December 10, 1836
Whitemarsh B. Seabrook
Democratic

56
Pierce Mason Butler
December 10, 1836
December 7, 1838
William DuBose
Democratic

57
Patrick Noble
December 7, 1838
April 7, 1840
Barnabas Kelet Henagan
Democratic
Died in office

58
Barnabas Kelet Henagan
April 7, 1840
December 9, 1840
vacant
Democratic
Not elected

59
John Peter Richardson II
December 9, 1840
December 8, 1842
William K. Clowney
Democratic

60
James Henry Hammond
December 8, 1842
December 7, 1844
Isaac D. Witherspoon
Democratic

61
William Aiken, Jr.
December 7, 1844
December 8, 1846
J.F. Ervin
Democratic

62
David Johnson
December 8, 1846
December 12, 1848
William Cain
Democratic

63
Whitemarsh B. Seabrook
December 12, 1848
December 13, 1850
William Henry Gist
Democratic

64
John Hugh Means
December 13, 1850
December 9, 1852
Joshua John Ward
Democratic

65
John Lawrence Manning
December 9, 1852
December 11, 1854
James Irby
Democratic

66
James Hopkins Adams
December 11, 1854
December 9, 1856
Richard de Treville
Democratic

67
Robert F.W. Allston
December 9, 1856
December 10, 1858
Gabriel Cannon
Democratic

68
William Henry Gist
December 10, 1858
December 14, 1860
M. E. Carn
Democratic

69
Francis Wilkinson Pickens
December 14, 1860
December 17, 1862
W.W. Harllee
Democratic

70
Milledge Luke Bonham
December 17, 1862
December 18, 1864
Plowden Weston
Democratic

71
Andrew Gordon Magrath
December 18, 1864
May 25, 1865
Robert McCaw
Democratic
Deposed by the Union Army

72
Benjamin Franklin Perry
June 30, 1865
November 29, 1865
vacant
Unionist Democrat
Appointed by President Andrew Johnson

text: Governors under the Constitution of 1865[edit]

text: First Constitution of South Carolina to provide for the direct election of the Governor.

text: No party

text:
#
Governor
Took Office
Left Office
Lt. Governor
Party
Notes

73

James Lawrence Orr
November 29, 1865
July 6, 1868
W.D. Porter
No party (Democratic)
1st popularly elected Governor

text: Governors under the Constitution of 1868[edit]

text: Democratic   Republican

text:
#
Governor
Took Office
Left Office
Lt. Governor
Party
Notes

74

Robert Kingston Scott
July 6, 1868
December 7, 1872
Lemuel Boozer
Alonzo J. Ransier
Republican

75

Franklin J. Moses, Jr.
December 7, 1872
December 1, 1874
Richard Howell Gleaves
Republican

76

Daniel Henry Chamberlain
December 1, 1874
December 14, 1876
Richard Howell Gleaves
Republican
Claimed Governorship
after 1876 election

77

Wade Hampton III
December 14, 1876
February 26, 1879
William Dunlap Simpson
Democratic
Resigned

78

William Dunlap Simpson
February 26, 1879
September 1, 1880
John D. Kennedy
Democratic
Not elected

79

Thomas Bothwell Jeter
September 1, 1880
November 30, 1880
vacant
Democratic

80

Johnson Hagood
November 30, 1880
December 1, 1882
John D. Kennedy
Democratic

81

Hugh Smith Thompson
December 1, 1882
July 10, 1886
John Calhoun Sheppard
Democratic
Resigned

82

John Calhoun Sheppard
July 10, 1886
November 30, 1886
vacant
Democratic
Not elected

83

John Peter Richardson III
November 30, 1886
December 4, 1890
William Mauldin
Democratic

84

Benjamin Ryan Tillman
December 4, 1890
December 4, 1894
Eugene Gary
W.H. Timmerman
Democratic

85

John Gary Evans
December 4, 1894
January 18, 1897
W.H. Timmerman
Democratic

text: Governors under the Constitution of 1895[edit]

text: Democratic (27)   Republican (6)

text:
#
Governor
Took Office
Left Office
Lt. Governor
Party
Notes

86

William Haselden Ellerbe
January 18, 1897
June 2, 1899
Miles Benjamin McSweeney
Democratic
Died in office

87

Miles Benjamin McSweeney
June 2, 1899
January 20, 1903
Robert B. Scarborough
Democratic

88

Duncan Clinch Heyward
January 20, 1903
January 15, 1907
James Tillman
John Sloan
Democratic

89

Martin Frederick Ansel
January 15, 1907
January 17, 1911
Thomas Gordon McLeod
Democratic

90

Coleman Livingston Blease
January 17, 1911
January 14, 1915
Charles Aurelius Smith
Democratic
Resigned

91

Charles Aurelius Smith
January 14, 1915
January 19, 1915
vacant
Democratic
Not elected

92

Richard Irvine Manning III
January 19, 1915
January 21, 1919
Andrew Bethea
Democratic

93

Robert Archer Cooper
January 21, 1919
May 20, 1922
J.T. Liles
Wilson Godfrey Harvey
Democratic
Resigned

94

Wilson Godfrey Harvey
May 20, 1922
January 16, 1923
vacant
Democratic
Not elected

95

Thomas Gordon McLeod
January 16, 1923
January 18, 1927
E.B. Jackson
Democratic

96

John Gardiner Richards, Jr.
January 18, 1927
January 20, 1931
Thomas Bothwell Butler
Democratic
1st to be elected to a four-year term

97

Ibra Charles Blackwood
January 20, 1931
January 15, 1935
James Sheppard
Democratic

98

Olin D. Johnston
January 15, 1935
January 17, 1939
Joseph Emile Harley
Democratic
1st time

99

Burnet R. Maybank
January 17, 1939
November 4, 1941
Joseph Emile Harley
Democratic
Resigned

100

Joseph Emile Harley
November 4, 1941
February 27, 1942
vacant
Democratic
Not elected, Died in office

101

Richard Manning Jefferies
February 27, 1942
January 19, 1943
vacant
Democratic
Not elected

98

Olin D. Johnston
January 19, 1943
January 2, 1945
Ransome Judson Williams
Democratic
2nd time, Resigned

102

Ransome Judson Williams
January 2, 1945
January 21, 1947
vacant
Democratic
Not elected

103

Strom Thurmond
January 21, 1947
January 16, 1951
George Bell Timmerman, Jr.
Democratic

104

James Francis Byrnes
January 16, 1951
January 18, 1955
George Bell Timmerman, Jr.
Democratic

105

George Bell Timmerman, Jr.
January 18, 1955
January 20, 1959
Ernest Hollings
Democratic

106

Ernest Hollings
January 20, 1959
January 15, 1963
Burnet R. Maybank Jr.
Democratic

107

Donald Stuart Russell
January 15, 1963
April 22, 1965
Robert Evander McNair
Democratic
Resigned

108

Robert Evander McNair
April 22, 1965
January 19, 1971
vacant
John C. West
Democratic

109

John C. West
January 19, 1971
January 21, 1975
Earle Morris, Jr.
Democratic

110

James B. Edwards
January 21, 1975
January 10, 1979
W. Brantley Harvey, Jr.
Republican

111

Richard Riley
January 10, 1979
January 14, 1987
Nancy Stevenson
Michael R. Daniel
Democratic
1st elected to two consecutive four-year terms

112

Carroll A. Campbell, Jr.
January 14, 1987
January 11, 1995
Nick Theodore (Democratic)
Republican

113

David Beasley
January 11, 1995
January 13, 1999
Bob Peeler
Republican

114

Jim Hodges
January 13, 1999
January 15, 2003
Bob Peeler
Democratic

115

Mark Sanford
January 15, 2003
January 12, 2011
André Bauer
Republican

116

Nikki Haley
January 12, 2011
January 24, 2017
Ken Ard
Glenn F. McConnell
J. Yancey McGill (Democratic)
Henry McMaster
Republican
Resigned

117

Henry McMaster
January 24, 2017
Incumbent
Kevin L. Bryant
Republican

text: Other high offices held[edit]

text: This is a table of congressional seats, other federal offices, other governorships, and other high offices held by governors. All representatives and senators mentioned represented South Carolina except where noted. *denotes those offices which the governor resigned to take.

text:
Governor
Gubernatorial term
U.S. Congress
Other offices held

House
Senate

John Rutledge
1776–1778
1779–1782

Delegate to Philadelphia Convention and signer of the United States Constitution; Associate and Chief Justice of the United States Supreme Court

Thomas Pinckney
1787–1789
H

United States Minister to Great Britain

Charles Pinckney
1789–1792
1796–1798
1806–1808
H
S
Delegate to Philadelphia Convention and signer of the United States Constitution; United States Minister to Spain

Paul Hamilton
1804–1806

United States Secretary of the Navy

Henry Middleton
1810–1812
H

United States Minister to Russia

David Rogerson Williams
1814–1816
H

Richard Irvine Manning I
1824–1826
H

John Taylor
1826–1828
H
S

Stephen Decatur Miller
1828–1830
H
S

James Hamilton, Jr.
1830–1832
H

Robert Y. Hayne
1832–1834

S

George McDuffie
1834–1836
H
S

John Peter Richardson II
1840–1842
H

James Henry Hammond
1842–1844
H
S

William Aiken, Jr.
1844–1846
H

Francis Wilkinson Pickens
1860–1862
H

United States Minister to Russia

Milledge Luke Bonham
1862–1864
H

Confederate Representative

James Lawrence Orr
1865–1868
H

Confederate Senator; United States Minister to Russia; Speaker of the United States House of Representatives

Wade Hampton III
1877–1879

S*
United States Railroad Commissioner

William Dunlap Simpson
1879–1880

Confederate Representative

Hugh Smith Thompson
1882–1886

United States Assistant Secretary of the Treasury*; United States Civil Service Commissioner

Benjamin Tillman
1890–1894

S

Coleman Livingston Blease
1911–1915

S

Olin D. Johnston
1935–1939
1943–1945

S*

Burnet R. Maybank
1939–1941

S*

Strom Thurmond
1947–1951

S

James F. Byrnes
1951–1955
H
S
Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court; United States Secretary of State

Ernest Hollings
1959–1963

S

Donald S. Russell
1963–1965

S*

John C. West
1971–1975

United States Ambassador to Saudi Arabia

James B. Edwards
1975–1979

United States Secretary of Energy

Richard Riley
1979–1987

United States Secretary of Education

Carroll A. Campbell, Jr.
1987–1995
H

David Beasley
1995-1999

Executive Director of the World Food Programme [1]

Mark Sanford
2003–2011
H

Nikki Haley
2011–2017

United States Ambassador to the United Nations*

text: Living former U.S. governors of South Carolina[edit]

text: As of January 2017[update], there are six former U.S. governors of South Carolina who are currently living at this time, the oldest U.S. governor of South Carolina being Ernest "Fritz" Hollings (served 1959–1963, born 1922). The most recent U.S. governor of South Carolina to die was James Burrows Edwards (served 1975–1979, born 1927), on December 26, 2014.[2] The most recently serving governor to die was Carroll A. Campbell, Jr. (served 1987–1995, born 1940) on December 7, 2005.

text:
Governor
Gubernatorial term
Date o

Ernest "Fritz" Hollings
1959–1963
(1922-01-01) January 1, 1922 (age 95)

Richard Riley
1979–1987
(1933-01-02) January 2, 1933 (age 84)

David Beasley
1995–1999
(1957-02-26) February 26, 1957 (age 60)

Jim Hodges
1999–2003
(1956-11-19) November 19, 1956 (age 60)

Mark Sanford
2003–2011
(1960-05-28) May 28, 1960 (age 57)

Nikki Haley
2011–2017
(1972-01-20) January 20, 1972 (age 45)


document_title: Historic eruptions of Mount Fuji

question_text: when is the last time mt fuji erupted

question_tokens: when is the last time mt fuji erupted

text: Historic eruptions of Mount Fuji

text: Prehistory[edit]

text: Komitake & Old Fuji[edit]

text: There has been volcanic activity in the vicinity of Mount Fuji for several million years. The earliest geologically known volcano was Mount Komitake (小御岳火山, small mountain volcano) that became active 700,000 years ago. Another volcano to the south-east of Mount Fuji - known as Mount Ashitaka (愛鷹山) - was also highly active throughout the period. The peak of Komitake is about 2,300 meters (7,500 ft) above sea-level on the north face of Mount Fuji (at the fifth station).

text: Komitake entered another period of activity around 100,000 years ago. This created a new volcano known as Old Fuji (古富士, kofuji, Old Fuji) that reached a height of 3,100 meters (10,200 ft). It created many explosive eruptions that threw out large amounts of scoria, volcanic ash and lava.

text: New Fuji[edit]

text: Following the Old Fuji period, there were about 4,000 years of inactivity, ending at around 5,000 years ago, when Mount Fuji became active again; this period is known as New Fuji (新富士, shinfuji), and continues to the present day. Eruptions of New Fuji exhibit phenomena such as lava flows, magma, scoria, volcanic ash, collapses and side eruptions, leading it to be called "a department store of eruptions". Ash from New Fuji is often black, and eruptions are new in terms of geological layers. Valuable data on the activity of Mount Fuji is recorded in Japanese historical documents dating from the 8th century onwards. It exhibits a range of representative eruptions.

text: The Gotemba mud flow[edit]

text: About 2,300 years ago the east face of the volcano collapsed and lahars flowed down to the Gotemba area as far as the Ashigara plain in the east and the Suruga bay across Mishima city in the south. This incident is now called the Gotemba mud flow (御殿場泥流, Gotemba deiryū). Liquid mud piled up over an area as wide as the city area of Mishima.

text: Jōgan eruption[edit]

text: In 864 (the 6th year of the Jōgan era) there was an eruption on the north-east side of Mount Fuji, which produced a great amount of lava.

text: 864 (Jōgan 6, 5th month): Mount Fuji erupted for 10 days, and it ejected from its summit an immense quantity of cinders and ash which fell back to earth as far away as the ocean at Edo bay. Many people perished and many homes were destroyed. The volcanic eruption began on the side of Fuji-san closest to Mount Asama, throwing cinders and ash as far away as Kai province.[2] Some of the lava filled up a large lake Senoumi (せの海) which existed at the time, dividing it into two lakes, Saiko (西湖) and Shōjiko (精進湖). This is known as the Aokigahara lava (青木ヶ原溶岩), and at present is covered by the dense Aokigahara forest.

text: Hōei eruption[edit]

text: The latest eruption, in 1707 (the 4th year of the Hōei era), was known as the great Hōei eruption. It followed several weeks after the Great Hōei earthquake, an 8.7 in the Richter scale. The earthquake severely damaged the city of Osaka, but more than that, it created enough seismic activity to compress the magma chamber 20 km deep in the inactive Mt. Fuji. Due to the compression of the magma chamber, basaltic lava rose from the bottom to the higher dacitic magma chamber at 8 km deep. The mixing of the two different types of magma caused a Plinian eruption to occur. Previous to the Hoei, another earthquake named Genroku had struck Japan in 1703. The earthquake affected both Kanagawa and Shizuoka prefectures; Genroku was measured as an 8.2 in the Richter Scale, it caused the same effect as Hoei but with less severity. It clamped the dike of the mountain at 8 km to the surface (where the dacitic magma resides), as well as the basaltic chamber at 20 km deep. Many articles find a correlation between the two earthquakes, getting to the conclusion that without one another the Hoei eruption would’ve not happened.

text:
November 11, 1707 (Hōei 4, 14th day of the 10th month): The city of Osaka suffers tremendously because of a very violent earthquake.[3]
December 16, 1707 (Hōei 4, 23rd day of the 11th month): An eruption of Mt. Fuji; the cinders and ash fell like rain in Izu, Kai, Sagami, and Musashi.[4] This eruption was remarkable in that it spread a vast amount of volcanic ash and scoria over a region as far away as Edo.

text: Records of eruption[edit]

text: Sixteen eruptions of New Fuji have been recorded since 781. Many of the eruptions occurred in the Heian era, with twelve eruptions between 800 and 1083. Sometimes inactive periods between eruptions lasted for hundreds of years, as in the period between 1083 and 1511, when no eruptions were recorded for over 400 years. At present, there have been no eruptions since the Hoei eruption in 1707–1708, around 300 years ago.

text: Current eruptive danger[edit]

text: Scientists study the activity of the magma rising by measuring CO2 emissions in the deeper parts of the volcano. Studies from before the Tohoku earthquake show the CO2 emissions below 5 gCO2/m2/day, which is the detection limit. If the emissions rise above 5 gCO2/m2/day then seismic activity is occurring and an eruption could possibly take place. According to a five-stage evolutionary model for the release of volcanic gas, Mt. Fuji would be considered stage I. Magma is at a considerable 10 km (6.2 mi) depth and no emissions of gasses can be observed regularly.

text: Following the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami much attention was given to the volcanic reaction of Mt. Fuji. Experts have found that the internal pressure of the Mt. Fuji magma chamber has increased to an estimated 1.6 megapascals, raising speculation over the possibility of an eruption. The estimated damage to Japan from a Fuji eruption is at ¥2.5 trillion ($25 billion). [5] [6]


document_title: Books of the Bible

question_text: third book of the old testament 9 letters

text: Books of the Bible

text: Hebrew Bible and Old Testament[edit]

text: Hebrew Bible[edit]

text: Rabbinic Judaism recognizes the 24 books of the Masoretic Text, commonly called the Tanakh or Hebrew Bible, as authoritative.[1] There is no scholarly consensus as to when the Hebrew Bible canon was fixed: some scholars argue that it was fixed by the Hasmonean dynasty (140-40 BCE),[2] while others argue it was not fixed until the second century CE or even later.[3] Most conservative scholars believe that the Torah was canonized c. 400 BCE, the Prophets c. 200 BCE, and the Writings c. 100 CE,[4] perhaps at a Council of Jamnia as concluded by Heinrich Graetz in 1871. The Council of Jamnia theory is increasingly rejected by most liberal scholars.[3][5][6][7][8]

text: Protocanonical books of the Old Testament[edit]

text: Protestants and Catholics[9] use the Masoretic Text as the textual basis for their translations of the protocanonical books (those accepted as canonical by both Jews and all Christians), with various changes derived from a multiplicity of other ancient sources (such as the Septuagint, the Vulgate, the Dead Sea Scrolls, etc.), while generally using the Septuagint and Vulgate, now supplemented by the ancient Hebrew and Aramaic manuscripts, as the textual basis for the deuterocanonical books.

text: The Eastern Orthodox use the Septuagint (translated in the 3rd century BCE) as the textual basis for the entire Old Testament in both protocanonical and deuteroncanonical books—to use both in the Greek for liturgical purposes, and as the basis for translations into the vernacular.[10][11] Most of the quotations (300 of 400) of the Old Testament in the New Testament, while differing more or less from the version presented by the Masoretic text, align with that of the Septuagint.[12]

text: Deuterocanonical books of the Old Testament[edit]

text: These books, which were largely written during the intertestamental period, are called the Biblical apocrypha ("hidden things") by Protestants, the deuterocanon ("second canon") by Catholics, and the deuterocanon or anagignoskomena ("worthy of reading") by Orthodox. These are works recognized by the Roman Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, and Oriental Orthodox Churches as being part of scripture (and thus deuterocanonical rather than apocryphal), but Protestants do not recognize them as divinely inspired. Orthodox differentiate scriptural books by omitting these (and others) from corporate worship and from use as a sole basis for doctrine.[citation needed]

text: Many recognize them as good, but not on the level of the other books of the Bible. Anglicanism considers the apocrypha worthy of being "read for example of life" but not to be used "to establish any doctrine."[13] Luther made a parallel statement in calling them: "not considered equal to the Holy Scriptures, but...useful and good to read."[14]

text: The difference in canons derives from the difference in the Masoretic Text and the Septuagint. Books found in both the Hebrew and the Greek are accepted by all denominations, and by Jews, these are the protocanonical books. Catholics and Orthodox also accept those books present in manuscripts of the Septuagint, an ancient Greek translation of the Old Testament with great currency among the Jews of the ancient world, with the coda that Catholics consider 3 Esdras and 3 Maccabees apocryphal.

text: Most quotations of the Old Testament in the New Testament, differing by varying degrees from the Masoretic Text, are taken from the Septuagint. Daniel was written several hundred years after the time of Ezra, and since that time several books of the Septuagint have been found in the original Hebrew, in the Dead Sea Scrolls, the Cairo Geniza, and at Masada, including a Hebrew text of Sirach (Qumran, Masada) and an Aramaic text of Tobit (Qumran); the additions to Esther and Daniel are also in their respective Semitic languages.

text: The unanimous consensus of modern (and ancient) scholars consider several other books, including 1 Maccabees and Judith, to have been composed in Hebrew or Aramaic.[citation needed] Opinion is divided on the book of Baruch, while it is acknowledged that the Epistle of Jeremiah, the Wisdom of Solomon, and 2 Maccabees are originally Greek compositions.

text:
Tobit - 200 BC
Judith - 150 BC
Additions to Esther - 140-130 BC
Wisdom of Solomon - 30 BC
Ecclesiasticus(Sirach) - 132 BC
Baruch with the Letter of Jeremiah - 150-50 BC
1 Maccabees - 110 BC
2 Maccabees - 110-170 BC
Additions to Daniel:[15]

The Prayer of Azariah and Song of the Three Holy Children
Story of Susanna - 200-0 BC
Bel and the Dragon - 100 BC

text: Eastern Orthodox[edit]

text: Additional books accepted by the Eastern Orthodox:

text:
1 Esdras/3 Esdras[16]
2 Esdras/4 Esdras (in an appendix to the Slavonic Bible)
Prayer of Manasseh
3 Maccabees
4 Maccabees (in an appendix to the Greek Bible)
Psalm 151 (in the Septuagint)
Odes

text: Syriac Orthodox[edit]

text: Additional books accepted by the Syriac Orthodox Church (due to inclusion in the Peshitta):

text:
2 Baruch with the Letter of Baruch (only the letter has achieved canonical status)
Psalms 152–155 (not canonical)

text: Ethiopian Orthodox[edit]

text: The Ethiopian Tewahedo church accepts all of the deuterocanonical books of Catholicism and anagignoskomena of Eastern Orthodoxy except for the four Books of Maccabees.[17] It accepts the 39 protocanonical books along with the following books, called the "narrow canon".[18] The enumeration of books in the Ethiopic Bible varies greatly between different authorities and printings.[19]

text:
4 Baruch or the Paralipomena of Jeremiah
1 Enoch
Jubilees
1 Meqabyan
2 Meqabyan
3 Meqabyan
The Ethiopian broader Biblical Canon

text: Table[edit]

text: The table uses the spellings and names present in modern editions of the Bible, such as the New American Bible Revised Edition, Revised Standard Version and English Standard Version. The spelling and names in both the 1609–1610 Douay Old Testament (and in the 1582 Rheims New Testament) and the 1749 revision by Bishop Challoner (the edition currently in print used by many Catholics, and the source of traditional Catholic spellings in English) and in the Septuagint differ from those spellings and names used in modern editions that derive from the Hebrew Masoretic text.[20]

text: For the Orthodox canon, Septuagint titles are provided in parentheses when these differ from those editions. For the Catholic canon, the Douaic titles are provided in parentheses when these differ from those editions. Likewise, the King James Version references some of these books by the traditional spelling when referring to them in the New Testament, such as "Esaias" (for Isaiah).

text: In the spirit of ecumenism more recent Catholic translations (e.g., the New American Bible, Jerusalem Bible, and ecumenical translations used by Catholics, such as the Revised Standard Version Catholic Edition) use the same "standardized" (King James Version) spellings and names as Protestant Bibles (e.g., 1 Chronicles, as opposed to the Douaic 1 Paralipomenon, 1-2 Samuel and 1-2 Kings, instead of 1-4 Kings) in those books universally considered canonical—the protocanonicals.

text: The Talmud in Bava Batra 14b gives a different order for the books in Nevi'im and Ketuvim. This order is also quoted in Mishneh Torah Hilchot Sefer Torah 7:15. The order of the books of the Torah are universal through all denominations of Judaism and Christianity.

text: The disputed books, included in one canon but not in others, are often called the Biblical apocrypha, a term that is sometimes used specifically to describe the books in the Catholic and Orthodox canons that are absent from the Jewish Masoretic Text and most modern Protestant Bibles. Catholics, following the Canon of Trent (1546), describe these books as deuterocanonical, while Greek Orthodox Christians, following the Synod of Jerusalem (1672), use the traditional name of anagignoskomena, meaning "that which is to be read." They are present in a few historic Protestant versions; the German Luther Bible included such books, as did the English 1611 King James Version.[13]

text: Empty table cells indicate that a book is absent from that canon.

text:
Tanakh
(Jewish Bible)
(24 books)[21]
Books in bold are part of the Ketuvim
Protestant
Old Testament
(39 books)
Catholic
Old Testament
(46 books)
Eastern Orthodox
Old Testament
(51 books)
Original language

Torah

Pentateuch or the Five Books of Moses

Bereishit
Genesis
Genesis
Genesis
Hebrew

Shemot
Exodus
Exodus
Exodus
Hebrew

Vayikra
Leviticus
Leviticus
Leviticus
Hebrew

Bamidbar
Numbers
Numbers
Numbers
Hebrew

Devarim
Deuteronomy
Deuteronomy
Deuteronomy
Hebrew

Nevi'im (Prophets)

Historical books

Yehoshua
Joshua
Joshua (Josue)
Joshua (Iesous)
Hebrew

Shofetim
Judges
Judges
Judges
Hebrew

Rut (Ruth)[22]
Ruth
Ruth
Ruth
Hebrew

Shemuel
1 Samuel
1 Samuel (1 Kings)[23]
1 Samuel (1 Kingdoms)[24]
Hebrew

2 Samuel
2 Samuel (2 Kings)[23]
2 Samuel (2 Kingdoms)[24]
Hebrew

Melakhim
1 Kings
1 Kings (3 Kings)[23]
1 Kings (3 Kingdoms)[24]
Hebrew

2 Kings
2 Kings (4 Kings)[23]
2 Kings (4 Kingdoms)[24]
Hebrew

Divrei Hayamim (Chronicles)[22]
1 Chronicles
1 Chronicles (1 Paralipomenon)
1 Chronicles (1 Paralipomenon)
Hebrew

2 Chronicles
2 Chronicles (2 Paralipomenon)
2 Chronicles (2 Paralipomenon)
Hebrew

1 Esdras
Greek

Ezra-Nehemiah[22]
Ezra
Ezra (1 Esdras)
Ezra (2 Esdras)[24][25]
Hebrew and Aramaic

Nehemiah
Nehemiah (2 Esdras)
Nehemiah (2 Esdras)[24][25]
Hebrew

Tobit (Tobias)
Tobit (Tobias)
Aramaic (and Hebrew?)

Judith
Judith
Hebrew

Esther[22]
Esther
Esther[26]
Esther[26]
Hebrew

1 Maccabees (1 Machabees)[27]
1 Maccabees
Hebrew

2 Maccabees (2 Machabees)[27]
2 Maccabees
Greek

3 Maccabees
Greek

4 Maccabees[28]
Greek

Ketuvim (Writings)
Wisdom books

Iyov (Job)[22]
Job
Job
Job
Hebrew

Tehillim (Psalms)[22]
Psalms
Psalms
Psalms[29]
Hebrew

Prayer of Manasseh
Greek

Mishlei (Proverbs)[22]
Proverbs
Proverbs
Proverbs
Hebrew

Qoheleth (Ecclesiastes)[22]
Ecclesiastes
Ecclesiastes
Ecclesiastes
Hebrew

Shir Hashirim (Song of Songs)[22]
Song of Solomon
Song of Songs (Canticle of Canticles)
Song of Songs (Aisma Aismaton)
Hebrew

Wisdom
Wisdom
Greek

Sirach (Ecclesiasticus)
Sirach
Hebrew

Nevi'im (Latter Prophets)
Major prophets

Yeshayahu
Isaiah
Isaiah (Isaias)
Isaiah
Hebrew

Yirmeyahu
Jeremiah
Jeremiah (Jeremias)
Jeremiah
Hebrew and Aramaic

Eikhah (Lamentations)[22]
Lamentations
Lamentations
Lamentations
Hebrew

Baruch with Letter of Jeremiah as the 6th Chapter [30]
Baruch[30]
Hebrew[31]

Letter of Jeremiah as standalone book [32]
Greek (majority view)[33]

Yekhezqel
Ezekiel
Ezekiel (Ezechiel)
Ezekiel
Hebrew

Daniel[22]
Daniel
Daniel[34]
Daniel[34]
Hebrew and Aramaic

Twelve Minor Prophets

The Twelve
or
Trei Asar
Hosea
Hosea (Osee)
Hosea
Hebrew

Joel
Joel
Joel
Hebrew

Amos
Amos
Amos
Hebrew

Obadiah
Obadiah (Abdias)
Obadiah
Hebrew

Jonah
Jonah (Jonas)
Jonah
Hebrew

Micah
Micah (Micheas)
Micah
Hebrew

Nahum
Nahum
Nahum
Hebrew

Habakkuk
Habakkuk (Habacuc)
Habakkuk
Hebrew

Zephaniah
Zephaniah (Sophonias)
Zephaniah
Hebrew

Haggai
Haggai (Aggeus)
Haggai
Hebrew

Zechariah
Zechariah (Zacharias)
Zechariah
Hebrew

Malachi
Malachi (Malachias)
Malachi
Hebrew

text: Several of the books in the Eastern Orthodox canon are also found in the appendix to the Latin Vulgate, formerly the official Bible of the Roman Catholic Church.

text:
Books in the Appendix to the Vulgate Bible

Name in Vulgate
Name in Eastern Orthodox use

3 Esdras
1 Esdras

4 Esdras

Prayer of Manasseh
Prayer of Manasseh

Psalm of David when he slew Goliath (Psalm 151)
Psalm 151

text: New Testament[edit]

text: In general, among Christian denominations, the New Testament canon is an agreed-upon list of 27 books. The chart below shows the arrangement of the New Testament books regarded as the correct order in the Catholic, Orthodox, and Protestant traditions.[N 1] However, the Slavonic, Armenian, and Ethiopian traditions have different New Testament book orders.

text:
Catholic, Orthodox, Protestant,
and most Oriental Orthodox
Original language
(Koine Greek)

Canonical Gospels

Matthew
Greek (majority view: see note)[N 2][35][36][37]

Mark
Greek

Luke
Greek

John
Greek

Apostolic History

Acts
Greek

Pauline Epistles

Romans
Greek

1 Corinthians
Greek

2 Corinthians
Greek

Galatians
Greek

Ephesians
Greek

Philippians
Greek

Colossians
Greek

1 Thessalonians
Greek

2 Thessalonians
Greek

1 Timothy
Greek

2 Timothy
Greek

Titus
Greek

Philemon
Greek

Hebrews[N 1]
Greek[38]

General Epistles

James[N 1]
Greek

1 Peter
Greek

2 Peter[N 3]
Greek

1 John
Greek

2 John[N 3]
Greek

3 John[N 3]
Greek

Jude[N 1] [N 3]
Greek

Apocalypse

Revelation[N 1] [N 3]
Greek

text: Chart notes[edit]

text:
^ Jump up to: a b c d e Four New Testament works were questioned or "spoken against" by Martin Luther, and he changed the order of his New Testament to reflect this, but he did not leave them out, nor has any Lutheran body since. Traditional German "Luther Bibles" are still printed with the New Testament in this changed "Luther Bible" order.
Jump up ^ See Rabbinical translations of Matthew. Most modern scholars consider the Gospel of Matthew to have been composed in Koine Greek, see Language of the New Testament. According to tradition as expressed by Papias of Hierapolis, writing in the late first or early second centuries, the Gospel was originally composed in the "Hebrew dialect" (which at the time was largely the related Aramaic) and then translated into Greek (Eusebius, "Ecclesiastical History", 3.39.15-16; Epiphanius of Salamis, Panarion 30:3). According to Jerome, Hebrew manuscripts of Matthew were extant while he was translating the Vulgate: "Matthew ... composed a gospel of Christ at first published in Judea in Hebrew for the sake of those of the circumcision who believed, but this was afterwards translated into Greek though by what author is uncertain. The Hebrew itself has been preserved until the present day in the library at Caesarea, which Pamphilus so diligently gathered (St Jerome, "On Illustrious Men", Chapter 3).
^ Jump up to: a b c d e The Peshitta, the traditional Syriac Bible, excludes 2 Peter, 2–3 John, Jude, and Revelation, but Bibles of the modern Syriac Orthodox Church include later translations of those books. Still today the lectionary followed by the Syrian Orthodox Church, present lessons from only the twenty-two books of Peshitta.

tag: ol

text: Diagram of the development of the Old Testament[edit]


document_title: List of Dallas Cowboys seasons

question_text: when was the last time cowboys went to the playoffs

text: List of Dallas Cowboys seasons

text: Key[edit]

text: Note: The finish, wins, losses, and ties columns list regular season results and exclude any postseason play. Italicized numbers mean that the records are subject to change each week due to regular season or postseason games being played.

text:
NFL Champions (1920–1969)
Super Bowl Champions (1970–present)
Conference Champions
Division Champions
Wild Card Berth

text: Seasons[edit]

text:
Season
Team
League
Conference
Division
Regular season
Postseason Results
Awards
Head coaches

Finish
Wins
Losses
Ties

1960
1960
NFL
Western

7th
0
11
1

Tom Landry

1961
1961
NFL
Eastern

6th
4
9
1

Tom Landry

1962
1962
NFL
Eastern

5th
5
8
1

Tom Landry

1963
1963
NFL
Eastern

5th
4
10
0

Tom Landry

1964
1964
NFL
Eastern

5th
5
8
1

Tom Landry

1965
1965
NFL
Eastern

2nd
7
7
0

Tom Landry

1966
1966
NFL
Eastern

1st
10
3
1
Lost NFL Championship Game (Packers) 34–27
Tom Landry (COY)
Tom Landry

1967[6]
1967
NFL
Eastern
Capitol
1st
9
5
0
Won Conference Playoffs (Browns) 52–10
Lost NFL Championship Game (Packers) 21–17

Tom Landry

1968
1968
NFL
Eastern
Capitol
1st
12
2
0
Lost Conference Playoffs (Browns) 31–20

Tom Landry

1969
1969
NFL
Eastern
Capitol
1st
11
2
1
Lost Conference Playoffs (Browns) 38–14
Calvin Hill (OROY)
Tom Landry

1970
1970
NFL
NFC
East
1st
10
4
0
Won Divisional Playoffs (Lions) 5–0
Won Conference Championship (49ers) 17–10
Lost Super Bowl V (Colts) 16–13
Chuck Howley (SB MVP)
Tom Landry

1971
1971
NFL
NFC
East
1st
11
3
0
Won Divisional Playoffs (Vikings) 20–12
Won Conference Championship (49ers) 14–3
Won Super Bowl VI (1) (Dolphins) 24–3
Roger Staubach (SB MVP)
Tom Landry

1972
1972
NFL
NFC
East
2nd
10
4
0
Won Divisional Playoffs (49ers) 30–28
Lost Conference Championship (Redskins) 26–3

Tom Landry

1973
1973
NFL
NFC
East
1st[7]
10
4
0
Won Divisional Playoffs (Rams) 27–16
Lost Conference Championship (Vikings) 27–10

Tom Landry

1974
1974
NFL
NFC
East
3rd
8
6
0

Tom Landry

1975
1975
NFL
NFC
East
2nd
10
4
0
Won Divisional Playoffs (Vikings) 17–14
Won Conference Championship (Rams) 37–7
Lost Super Bowl X (Steelers) 21–17

Tom Landry

1976
1976
NFL
NFC
East
1st
11
3
0
Lost Divisional Playoffs (Rams) 14–12

Tom Landry

1977
1977
NFL
NFC
East
1st
12
2
0
Won Divisional Playoffs (Bears) 37–7
Won Conference Championship (Vikings) 23–6
Won Super Bowl XII (2) (Broncos) 27–10
Tony Dorsett (OROY)
Harvey Martin (DPOY, SB MVP)
Randy White (SB MVP)
Tom Landry

1978[8]
1978
NFL
NFC
East
1st[9]
12
4
0
Won Divisional Playoffs (Falcons) 27–20
Won Conference Championship (Rams) 28–0
Lost Super Bowl XIII (Steelers) 35–31

Tom Landry

1979
1979
NFL
NFC
East
1st[10]
11
5
0
Lost Divisional Playoffs (Rams) 21–19

Tom Landry

1980
1980
NFL
NFC
East
2nd[11]
12
4
0
Won Wild Card Playoffs (Rams) 34–17
Won Divisional Playoffs (Falcons) 30–27
Lost Conference Championship (Eagles) 20–7

Tom Landry

1981
1981
NFL
NFC
East
1st
12
4
0
Won Divisional Playoffs (Buccaneers) 38–0
Lost Conference Championship (49ers) 28–27

Tom Landry

1982[12]
1982
NFL
NFC

2nd
6
3
0
Won Wild Card Playoffs (Buccaneers) 30–17
Won Divisional Playoffs (Packers) 37–26
Lost Conference Championship (Redskins) 31–17

Tom Landry

1983
1983
NFL
NFC
East
2nd
12
4
0
Lost Wild Card Playoffs (Rams) 24–17

Tom Landry

1984
1984
NFL
NFC
East
4th
9
7
0

Tom Landry

1985
1985
NFL
NFC
East
1st[13]
10
6
0
Lost Divisional Playoffs (Rams) 20–0

Tom Landry

1986
1986
NFL
NFC
East
3rd
7
9
0

Tom Landry

1987[14]
1987
NFL
NFC
East
4th
7
8
0

Tom Landry

1988
1988
NFL
NFC
East
5th
3
13
0

Tom Landry

1989
1989
NFL
NFC
East
5th
1
15
0

Jimmy Johnson

1990
1990
NFL
NFC
East
4th
7
9
0

Emmitt Smith (OROY)
Jimmy Johnson (COY)
Jimmy Johnson

1991
1991
NFL
NFC
East
2nd[15]
11
5
0
Won Wild Card Playoffs (Bears) 17–13
Lost Divisional Playoffs (Lions) 38–6

Jimmy Johnson

1992
1992
NFL
NFC
East
1st
13
3
0
Won Divisional Playoffs (Eagles) 34–10
Won Conference Championship (49ers) 30–20
Won Super Bowl XXVII (3) (Bills) 52–17
Troy Aikman (SB MVP)
Jimmy Johnson

1993
1993
NFL
NFC
East
1st
12
4
0
Won Divisional Playoffs (Packers) 27–17
Won Conference Championship (49ers) 38–21
Won Super Bowl XXVIII (4) (Bills) 30–13
Emmitt Smith (MVP, SB MVP)
Jimmy Johnson

1994
1994
NFL
NFC
East
1st
12
4
0
Won Divisional Playoffs (Packers) 35–9
Lost Conference Championship (49ers) 38–28

Barry Switzer

1995
1995
NFL
NFC
East
1st
12
4
0
Won Divisional Playoffs (Eagles) 30–11
Won Conference Championship (Packers) 38–27
Won Super Bowl XXX (5) (Steelers) 27–17
Larry Brown (SB MVP)
Barry Switzer

1996
1996
NFL
NFC
East
1st[16]
10
6
0
Won Wild Card Playoffs (Vikings) 40–15
Lost Divisional Playoffs (Panthers) 26–17

Barry Switzer

1997
1997
NFL
NFC
East
4th
6
10
0

Barry Switzer

1998
1998
NFL
NFC
East
1st
10
6
0
Lost Wild Card Playoffs (Cardinals) 20–7

Chan Gailey

1999
1999
NFL
NFC
East
2nd[17]
8
8
0
Lost Wild Card Playoffs (Vikings) 27–10

Chan Gailey

2000
2000
NFL
NFC
East
4th
5
11
0

Dave Campo

2001
2001
NFL
NFC
East
5th
5
11
0

Dave Campo

2002
2002
NFL
NFC
East
4th
5
11
0

Dave Campo

2003
2003
NFL
NFC
East
2nd
10
6
0
Lost Wild Card Playoffs (Panthers) 29–10

Bill Parcells

2004
2004
NFL
NFC
East
3rd
6
10
0

Bill Parcells

2005
2005
NFL
NFC
East
3rd
9
7
0

Bill Parcells

2006
2006
NFL
NFC
East
2nd
9
7
0
Lost Wild Card Playoffs (Seahawks) 21–20

Bill Parcells

2007
2007
NFL
NFC
East
1st
13
3
0
Lost Divisional Playoffs (Giants) 21–17
Greg Ellis (CBPOY)
Wade Phillips

2008
2008
NFL
NFC
East
3rd
9
7
0

Wade Phillips

2009
2009
NFL
NFC
East
1st[18]
11
5
0
Won Wild Card Playoffs (Eagles) 34–14
Lost Divisional Playoffs (Vikings) 34–3

Wade Phillips

2010
2010
NFL
NFC
East
3rd
6
10
0

Wade Phillips (1–7)
Jason Garrett (5–3)

2011
2011
NFL
NFC
East
3rd
8
8
0

Jason Garrett

2012
2012
NFL
NFC
East
3rd
8
8
0

Jason Witten (WP MOY)
Jason Garrett

2013
2013
NFL
NFC
East
2nd
8
8
0

Jason Garrett

2014
2014
NFL
NFC
East
1st
12
4
0
Won Wild Card Playoffs (Lions) 24–20
Lost Divisional Playoffs (Packers) 26–21
DeMarco Murray (OPOY)
Jason Garrett

2015
2015
NFL
NFC
East
4th
4
12
0

Jason Garrett

2016
2016
NFL
NFC
East
1st
13
3
0
Lost Divisional Playoffs (Packers) 34–31
Dak Prescott (OROY)
Jason Garrett (COY)
Jason Garrett

Total
493
367
6
All-time regular season record (1960–2016)

34
27
0
All-time postseason record (1960–2016)

527
393
6
All-time regular season and postseason record (1960–2016)

5 NFL Championships, 10 Conference Championships, 22 Divisional Championships

text: Footnotes[edit]

text:
Jump up ^ "1960 Dallas Cowboys". Dallas Cowboys' Official Website. Archived from the original on 2007-12-29. Retrieved 2008-01-12.
^ Jump up to: a b "Dallas Cowboys' Championship History". NFLTeamHistory.com. Retrieved 2008-01-12.
^ Jump up to: a b c "Dallas Cowboys Championship History". NFLTeamHistory.com. Retrieved 2008-01-28.
^ Jump up to: a b c "Dallas Cowboys History". CBS Sports. Retrieved 2008-01-27.
^ Jump up to: a b "Dallas Cowboys Franchise History". SportsEncyclopedia.com. Retrieved 2011-12-17.
Jump up ^ The 1967 NFL season marks the first season in the league's history where the league was divided into two conferences which were subdivided into two divisions. Up to 1967, the league was either divided into two divisions, two conferences, or neither.
Jump up ^ At the end of the 1973 season, the Cowboys and the Redskins finished the season with identical 10–4 records. Using the NFL's tie-breaking procedures, Dallas finished ahead of Washington in the NFC East based on better point differential in head-to-head games.
Jump up ^ For the 1978 season, the NFL expanded from a 14-game season to a 16-game season.
Jump up ^ At the end of the 1978 season, the Cowboys and the Los Angeles Rams finished the season with identical 12–4 records. Using the NFL's tie-breaking procedures, Los Angeles was the top NFC seed over Dallas based on a better head-to-head record.
Jump up ^ At the end of the 1979 season, the Cowboys and the Eagles finished the season with identical 11–5 records. Using the NFL's tie-breaking procedures, Dallas finished ahead of Philadelphia in the NFC East based on a better conference record.
Jump up ^ At the end of the 1980 season, the Cowboys and the Eagles finished the season with identical 12–4 records. Using the NFL's tie-breaking procedures, Philadelphia finished ahead of Dallas in the NFC East based on better net points in division games.
Jump up ^ The 1982 NFL season was shortened from 16 games per team to 9 games because of a players' strike. The NFL adopted a special 16-team playoff tournament; eight teams from each conference were seeded 1–8, and division standings were ignored.
Jump up ^ At the end of the 1985 season, the Cowboys, Redskins, and the Giants finished the season with identical 10–6 records. Using the NFL's tie-breaking procedures, Dallas finished ahead of New York and Washington based on a better head-to-head record.
Jump up ^ The 1987 NFL season was shortened from 16 games per team to 15 games because of a players' strike. Games to be played during the third week of the season were canceled, and replacement players were used to play games from weeks 4 through 6.
Jump up ^ At the end of the 1991 season, the Cowboys and the Bears finished the season with identical 11–5 records. Using the NFL's tie-breaking procedures, Chicago was the first NFC Wild Card based on better conference record than Dallas.
Jump up ^ At the end of the 1996 season, the Cowboys and the Eagles finished the season with identical 10–6 records. Using the NFL's tie-breaking procedures, Dallas finished ahead of Philadelphia in the NFC East based on better record against common opponents.
Jump up ^ At the end of the 1999 season, the Cowboys, Lions, and the Panthers finished the season with identical 8–8 records. Using the NFL's tie-breaking procedures, Dallas was the second NFC Wild Card based on a better record than Detroit against common opponents and a better conference record than Carolina.
Jump up ^ At the end of the 2009 season, the Cowboys and the Eagles finished with identical 11–5 records. Using the NFL's tie-breaking procedures, Dallas finished ahead of Philadelphia in the NFC East based on better head-to-head record.