document_title: British Grand Prix

question_text: who won the f1 grand prix at silverstone

text: British Grand Prix

text: History[edit]

text: Origins[edit]

text: Brooklands (1926–1927)[edit]

text: The concrete Brooklands oval was built in 1907 near Weybridge in Surrey, located just outside the British capital of London. It was the first purpose-built motor racing venue, as well as one of the first airfields in the United Kingdom. Grand Prix motor racing was first established in Britain by Henry Segrave in 1926 after his winning of the 1923 French Grand Prix and the San Sebastián Grand Prix the following year, which raised interest in the sport. The first ever British Grand Prix was won by the French team of Louis Wagner and Robert Sénéchal driving a Delage 155B. The second British Grand Prix was held at Brooklands in 1927.

text: Several non-championship races known as the Donington Grand Prix were held at Donington Park in 1937 and 1938, where the German Mercedes and Auto Unions dominated the proceedings. Drivers such as German Bernd Rosemeyer and Italian Tazio Nuvolari won this race (both driving mid-engined Auto Union cars).

text: Silverstone (1948–present)[edit]

text: Origins of Silverstone (1948–1954)[edit]

text: Brooklands had been severely damaged by the onset of World War II and the circuit was abandoned. Most new British circuits were being built on disused Royal Air Force airfields, and Silverstone, located in Northamptonshire in central England, was one of those circuits. It staged its first race, the Royal Automobile Club International Grand Prix on 2 October 1948, which was won by Italian Luigi Villoresi in a Maserati. In 1949, the circuit was heavily modified and made very fast; and it remained in this configuration for decades on.

text: In 1950, the World Championship of Drivers was introduced, and the 1950 British Grand Prix was the first World Championship Formula One race ever held, with new regulations and 6 other races in Europe. This race was won by Alfa Romeo driver Giuseppe "Nino" Farina. King George VI was among the attendees of the race. The 1951 race was particularly exciting, as it was the first F1 race not won by an Alfa Romeo; the gas-guzzling Italian cars were beaten by another Italian car- the more fuel-efficient Ferrari of Argentine José Froilán González in what was the famed Scuderia's first ever Formula One victory. For the 1952 event, the original pits between Abbey and Woodcote was abandoned and demolished. A new pit complex was constructed between Woodcote and Copse corners; Alberto Ascari dominated this and the next year's race; González won again in 1954 in a Ferrari.

text: Silverstone and Aintree (1955–1962)[edit]

text: In 1955, the Formula One circus began to alternate between Silverstone and the Aintree circuit, located on the Grand National horse racing course near Liverpool. Mercedes drivers Juan Manuel Fangio and home favourite Stirling Moss arrived at Aintree expecting to win. They took the lead at the start and the two drivers battled throughout, and Moss passed Fangio on the 26th lap; and he kept the lead for a while; but Fangio fought back and was about to pass Moss on the last corner on the last lap, and all were certain Fangio would pip Moss at the chequered flag. But he didn't, and Moss won his first Formula One race on home soil. Moss later asked Fangio "did you let me through?" and the Argentine replied "No. You were better than me that day." Mercedes romped to the finish 1-2-3-4, with German Karl Kling and Italian Piero Taruffi finishing 3rd and 4th.

text: The even-numbered years were at Silverstone and the odd numbered and 1962 were at Aintree. 1956 saw Fangio win in a Ferrari, and 1957 returned to see Moss win again in a Vanwall; he took over his ill teammate Tony Brooks's car and stormed through the field to take victory. This was the first Grand Prix victory for a British-built car- Formula One would soon be mostly made up of British teams. 1958 was when Peter Collins won in a Ferrari and Bernie Ecclestone was entered in a Connaught but his car was driven by Jack Fairman; and 1959 and 1960 saw Australian Jack Brabham win in a mid-engined Cooper. The last race at Aintree was in 1962, when Briton Jim Clark won his first of 5 British Grands Prix; Aintree was later decommissioned in 1964.

text: Silverstone and Brands Hatch (1963–1986)[edit]

text: 1964 saw the first Formula One race at the southern English circuit known as Brands Hatch, located in Kent, just outside London. The track was built in the early 1950s and had been extended in 1960. Silverstone hosted the British Grand Prix in odd-numbered years and Brands Hatch in even-numbered years. Like Silverstone, the circuit was popular with drivers, and unlike the flat Northamptonshire circuit and Aintree, Brands Hatch had many cambered corners and lots of elevation change. Like the year before at Silverstone, Clark won the 1964 race, and the next year's race. 1967 saw Clark take yet another dominant win, and 1968 saw a monumental battle between Swiss Jo Siffert in a Lotus and New Zealander Chris Amon in a Ferrari; Siffert won the race, his first of two victories in F1 on the circuit where he would lose his life in a non-championship race 3 years later.

text: 1969 saw another big battle between home favourite Jackie Stewart and Austrian Jochen Rindt, that went on for a while; although Rindt had a loose rear wing and had to come into the pits to get it repaired; Stewart took the chequered flag driving a Ford/Cosworth-powered Matra for Ken Tyrrell. Rindt won the 1970 event at the expense of Brabham running out of fuel at the end of the race, and 1971 saw Stewart win again in a Tyrrell (Ken Tyrrell had started building his own cars). 1973, however, saw a huge first lap accident at Woodcote that took out 11 cars, including all 3 works Surtees cars. Amazingly, there were no deaths or any fires and the worst news was that Andrea de Adamich received career-ending ankle injuries. 1974 saw Austrian up-and-comer Niki Lauda dominate the race in his Ferrari, however a rear-tire puncture slowed his car and rivals Jody Scheckter and Emerson Fittipaldi passed Lauda to take 1st and 2nd.

text: 1975 saw a chicane added to Woodcote to slow cars going through the very high speed corner; and this was another race of variables as a rain storm hit the track and a number of drivers including Scheckter and Briton James Hunt hydroplaned off the track at the same corner; Fittipaldi won the race after it was called short. 1976 also saw changes to Brands Hatch including making the fearsome Paddock Hill bend a bit more tame and South Bank corner more of a left hand apex rather than a long hairpin. This race proved to be very controversial; as home favourite Hunt won the race but was later disqualified following a protest from Ferrari and other teams about Hunt not completing the first lap of the race; and the victory went to 2nd-placed Lauda. 1977 saw Hunt take victory without any controversy and when F1 returned to Silverstone 2 years later, Australian Alan Jones lapped the circuit more than 6 seconds inside the lap record in his ground-effect Williams. His teammate Clay Regazzoni won the race, Williams's first F1 victory. 1980 saw Jones win after the Ligiers of Jacques Laffite and Didier Pironi retired; and 1981 saw French rising star Alain Prost thoroughly dominate the first part race in his Renault; and there was an accident involving Canadian Gilles Villeneuve at the Woodcote Chicane which held up Briton John Watson; but Watson passed several cars and won the race; the first for a car with an all-carbon fibre chassis. 1982 saw polesitter Keke Rosberg having to start from the back due to problems with his Williams and he begun a charge that brought him far up the field; but he retired, and there was another spectacular showing from Briton Derek Warwick in his underfunded Toleman; he managed to pass Pironi for 2nd, but he also retired with a broken driveshaft; the victory went to Austrian Lauda.

text: 1983 saw Prost win his 1st of 5 British Grands Prix and a spectacular performance from Briton Nigel Mansell in his first outing in a turbocharged Lotus, he started 16th and finished 4th. Lauda won again at Brands Hatch in 1984, during which FISA president Jean-Marie Balestre announced that the Tyrrell team was to be excluded from that year's championship for fuel irregularities, and the restarted race after a huge accident at Bottom Bend caused more controversy; Prost and Lauda had passed Brazilian Nelson Piquet on the last lap of the first race, but Piquet started in front of the two McLaren drivers; regulations dictated that the positions were on the grid were to be determined 2 laps before the restart was called; and an irate Prost made scathing comments about his countryman Balestre.

text: 1985 was to see Keke Rosberg set the all-time Formula 1 qualifying lap record for 17 years after posting fastest qualifying time for the race with an average speed of 258.983 km/h (160.92 mph). Silverstone, which was already a very fast circuit, was becoming faster and faster and the cars were lapping the circuit in the low 1-minute range. The race was an exciting one with Brazilian rising star Ayrton Senna making a great start from 4th and taking the lead by the first corner. He led until late in the race, when his car was running out of fuel while Prost was pushing him hard; Senna eventually ran out of fuel and Prost went on to take victory. 1986 saw a huge crowd thanks to Mansell being a favourite to win; his newly found fame and place in a competitive team would help the British Grand Prix to see huge crowds for several years. This race saw 42-year-old Jacques Laffite get involved in a first corner accident and slam head-on into the barriers, breaking both his legs and ending his Formula One career. Nigel Mansell, whose car broke at the start of the first race, got into his teammate Piquet's spare car and won the race; although this was the last F1 race at Brands Hatch. A number of people had concerns about the speeds of the cars on the small track; particularly the European Grand Prix held at Brands Hatch the previous year.[1] The southern English circuit was getting to be very fast- now with these 1,000+ hp, 1,180 pound cars, pole sitter Piquet's average qualifying speed was 140.483 mph (227.583 km/h) and his lap time was in the 1 minute 6-second range, compared to the 1 minute 20-second range in 1976. But Brands Hatch's demise was for political reasons- the international motorsports governing body at the time, FISA, had instituted a policy of long-term contracts for one circuit per Grand Prix. Brands Hatch was perceived as a poorer facility, and considering most of the track was located in a very old forest it did have very little run-off and room to expand, something Silverstone had in acres. Silverstone and the BRDC had signed a seven-year contract with Formula 1 and FISA at some point in 1986, to run from 1987 to 1993.[2]

text: Silverstone's evolution (1987–present)[edit]

text: 1987 saw Silverstone modified; the Woodcote chicane was no longer used and a new left-right chicane was built on the Farm Straight just before Woodcote. Silverstone's layout, like Brands Hatch, had changed little since 1949. The circuit was still fast; and it saw Mansell charge after Piquet (who had decided to run the whole race on one set of tires) and the British driver broke the lap record 11 times, caught and passed Piquet and took victory; the Silverstone crowd broke ranks and ran onto the circuit after the race was over; this was to start a number of dramatic events surrounding Mansell for the next 5 years. 1988 saw Senna win a rain-soaked event, and Mansell finished 2nd after driving very hard and passing many cars to attempt to catch Senna; this was one of Mansell's two race finishes that season. 1989 saw Prost win in a McLaren after his teammate Senna went off at Becketts; Mansell finished 2nd again driving for Ferrari; and sometime after the event, it was decided that Silverstone, the fastest circuit on the Formula One calendar, was to be heavily modified, and the project would be completed for 1991. The 1990 Grand Prix was the last motor race on the high-speed circuit; and Mansell drove hard and led a lot of the race; but gearbox problems eventually forced him to retire, where he threw his gloves into the crowd and announced that he was going to retire, a decision that he would later take back; and he effectively dominated the next two events, driving for Williams. The circuit was now slower and every corner on the circuit except Copse was different, and it also included an infield section right before the pits. After 1992, Mansell had retired from F1, and 1993 saw new Williams driver Damon Hill lead much of the race until his engine blew up, and Hill's French teammate Alain Prost took his 50th career Grand Prix win.

text: After the tragedies of Imola in 1994, a chicane was installed at the flat-out Abbey corner 6 weeks before the event was due to take place and Stowe corner was slowed considerably. Hill won the event, something his double world champion father Graham never did. 1995 saw another British driver, Johnny Herbert, take victory in his Benetton. 1996 saw further changes to the circuit, where Stowe was more or less restored to its 1991 design, and the 1999 event saw double world champion Michael Schumacher crash heavily at Stowe; he broke his leg, missed many races and this put him out of championship contention. There were attempts to bring the British GP back to Brands Hatch for 2002, but this never materialised.

text: The 2003 event was disrupted by a defrocked priest, Cornelius Horan, who ran onto the Hangar Straight during the race while cars were coming at him at 160+ mph. Marshals were able to get him off the track before he hurt himself or anyone else and he was later arrested; Brazilian Rubens Barrichello won the race for Ferrari. A dispute between Silverstone's owners, the British Racing Drivers' Club (BRDC), and the Formula One authorities in 2003 over the funding of necessary improvements to the track's facilities led to doubts over the future of the race. In October 2004 the British Grand Prix was left off the preliminary race schedule for 2005 because the BRDC refused to pay the race fee demanded by Bernie Ecclestone. However, after months of negotiation between the BRDC, Ecclestone and the Formula One constructors, a deal was made for the Grand Prix to be held at Silverstone until 2009. 2008 saw Briton Lewis Hamilton win for McLaren; and on 4 July, it was announced that Donington Park had been awarded the contract to host the British Grand Prix for 10 years from 2010.[3] However, Donington failed to secure the necessary funding to host the race, and its contract was terminated in November 2009. On 7 December 2009, Silverstone signed a 17-year contract to host the British Grand Prix from 2010 onwards. The 2010 race saw a new circuit configuration being used, using the brand new "Arena" layout.[4] For 2011 a new pit complex was built between Club and Abbey Corners, to where the start/finish line was moved. Silverstone is still a very fast circuit- with average speeds up in the 145 mph range for Formula 1 cars; one of the highest average speeds on the F1 calendar.

text: Despite the controversy and political bickering that has surrounded the future of the race in recent years, the British Grand Prix at Silverstone remains one of the world's premier motor racing events. It is also perhaps the best-attended Grand Prix of the year; although this can be attributed to the fact that homeland hero Lewis Hamilton has been consistently successful there, winning four times in a row, from 2014 to 2017 and winning by over a minute in 2008.

text: On 11 July 2017, the BRDC, the owners of Silverstone, activated a break clause in their contract meaning unless a new contract is signed, 2019 will be the final year the British Grand Prix takes place at Silverstone.[5]

text: Venues[edit]

text:
Venue (in chronological order)
Years

Brooklands
1926–1927

Silverstone
1948–1954

Aintree and Silverstone
1955–1960 (alternating yearly)

Aintree
1961–1962

Silverstone and Brands Hatch
1963–1986 (alternating yearly)

Silverstone
1987 to present (contracted until 2019)

text: Winners[edit]

text: Multiple winners (drivers)[edit]

text: Embolded drivers are competing in the Formula One championship in the current season.

text:
Wins
Driver
Years

5
 Jim Clark
1962, 1963, 1964, 1965, 1967

 Alain Prost
1983, 1985, 1989, 1990, 1993

 Lewis Hamilton
2008, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017

4
 Nigel Mansell
1986, 1987, 1991, 1992

3
 Jack Brabham
1959, 1960, 1966

 Niki Lauda
1976, 1982, 1984

 Michael Schumacher
1998, 2002, 2004

2
 José Froilán González
1951, 1954

 Alberto Ascari
1952, 1953

 Stirling Moss
1955, 1957

 Jackie Stewart
1969, 1971

 Emerson Fittipaldi
1972, 1975

 Jacques Villeneuve
1996, 1997

 David Coulthard
1999, 2000

 Fernando Alonso
2006, 2011

 Mark Webber
2010, 2012

text: Multiple winners (constructors)[edit]

text:
Teams in bold type are competing in the Formula One championship in the current season.
A pink background indicates an event which was not part of the Formula One World Championship.

text:
# of wins
Constructor
Years won

15
 Ferrari
1951, 1952, 1953, 1954, 1958, 1961, 1976, 1978, 1990, 1998, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2007, 2011

14
 McLaren
1973, 1975, 1977, 1981, 1982, 1984, 1985, 1988, 1989, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2005, 2008

10
 Williams
1979, 1980, 1986, 1987, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1996, 1997

8
 Lotus
1962, 1963, 1964, 1965, 1967, 1968, 1970, 1972

6
 Mercedes
1955, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017

3
 Red Bull
2009, 2010, 2012

2
 Delage
1926, 1927

 Maserati
1948, 1949

 Cooper
1959, 1960

 Tyrrell
1971, 1974

 Renault
1983, 2006

text: By year[edit]

text:
Year
Driver
Constructor
Location
Report

2017
 Lewis Hamilton
Mercedes
Silverstone
Report

2016
 Lewis Hamilton
Mercedes
Report

2015
 Lewis Hamilton
Mercedes
Report

2014
 Lewis Hamilton
Mercedes
Report

2013
 Nico Rosberg
Mercedes
Report

2012
 Mark Webber
Red Bull-Renault
Report

2011
 Fernando Alonso
Ferrari
Report

2010
 Mark Webber
Red Bull-Renault
Report

2009
 Sebastian Vettel
Red Bull-Renault
Report

2008
 Lewis Hamilton
McLaren-Mercedes
Report

2007
 Kimi Räikkönen
Ferrari
Report

2006
 Fernando Alonso
Renault
Report

2005
 Juan Pablo Montoya
McLaren-Mercedes
Report

2004
 Michael Schumacher
Ferrari
Report

2003
 Rubens Barrichello
Ferrari
Report

2002
 Michael Schumacher
Ferrari
Report

2001
 Mika Häkkinen
McLaren-Mercedes
Report

2000
 David Coulthard
McLaren-Mercedes
Report

1999
 David Coulthard
McLaren-Mercedes
Report

1998
 Michael Schumacher
Ferrari
Report

1997
 Jacques Villeneuve
Williams-Renault
Report

1996
 Jacques Villeneuve
Williams-Renault
Report

1995
 Johnny Herbert
Benetton-Renault
Report

1994
 Damon Hill
Williams-Renault
Report

1993
 Alain Prost
Williams-Renault
Report

1992
 Nigel Mansell
Williams-Renault
Report

1991
 Nigel Mansell
Williams-Renault
Report

1990
 Alain Prost
Ferrari
Report

1989
 Alain Prost
McLaren-Honda
Report

1988
 Ayrton Senna
McLaren-Honda
Report

1987
 Nigel Mansell
Williams-Honda
Report

1986
 Nigel Mansell
Williams-Honda
Brands Hatch
Report

1985
 Alain Prost
McLaren-TAG
Silverstone
Report

1984
 Niki Lauda
McLaren-TAG
Brands Hatch
Report

1983
 Alain Prost
Renault
Silverstone
Report

1982
 Niki Lauda
McLaren-Ford
Brands Hatch
Report

1981
 John Watson
McLaren-Ford
Silverstone
Report

1980
 Alan Jones
Williams-Ford
Brands Hatch
Report

1979
 Clay Regazzoni
Williams-Ford
Silverstone
Report

1978
 Carlos Reutemann
Ferrari
Brands Hatch
Report

1977
 James Hunt
McLaren-Ford
Silverstone
Report

1976
 Niki Lauda
Ferrari
Brands Hatch
Report

1975
 Emerson Fittipaldi
McLaren-Ford
Silverstone
Report

1974
 Jody Scheckter
Tyrrell-Ford
Brands Hatch
Report

1973
 Peter Revson
McLaren-Ford
Silverstone
Report

1972
 Emerson Fittipaldi
Lotus-Ford
Brands Hatch
Report

1971
 Jackie Stewart
Tyrrell-Ford
Silverstone
Report

1970
 Jochen Rindt
Lotus-Ford
Brands Hatch
Report

1969
 Jackie Stewart
Matra-Ford
Silverstone
Report

1968
 Jo Siffert
Lotus-Ford
Brands Hatch
Report

1967
 Jim Clark
Lotus-Ford
Silverstone
Report

1966
 Jack Brabham
Brabham-Repco
Brands Hatch
Report

1965
 Jim Clark
Lotus-Climax
Silverstone
Report

1964
 Jim Clark
Lotus-Climax
Brands Hatch
Report

1963
 Jim Clark
Lotus-Climax
Silverstone
Report

1962
 Jim Clark
Lotus-Climax
Aintree
Report

1961
 Wolfgang von Trips
Ferrari
Report

1960
 Jack Brabham
Cooper-Climax
Silverstone
Report

1959
 Jack Brabham
Cooper-Climax
Aintree
Report

1958
 Peter Collins
Ferrari
Silverstone
Report

1957
 Stirling Moss
 Tony Brooks
Vanwall
Aintree
Report

1956
 Juan-Manuel Fangio
Lancia-Ferrari
Silverstone
Report

1955
 Stirling Moss
Mercedes
Aintree
Report

1954
 José Froilán González
Ferrari
Silverstone
Report

1953
 Alberto Ascari
Ferrari
Report

1952
 Alberto Ascari
Ferrari
Report

1951
 José Froilán González
Ferrari
Report

1950
 Giuseppe Farina
Alfa Romeo
Report

1949
 Emmanuel de Graffenried
Maserati
Silverstone
Report

1948
 Luigi Villoresi
Maserati
Report

1947
–
1928
Not held

1927
 Robert Benoist
Delage
Brooklands
Report

1926
 Louis Wagner
 Robert Sénéchal
Delage
Report

text: Sponsors[edit]

text:
1950–1970, 1995–1999: RAC British Grand Prix
1971: RAC Woolmark British Grand Prix
1972–1978: John Player British Grand Prix
1979–1985: Marlboro British Grand Prix
1986–1988: Shell Oils British Grand Prix
1989: Shell British Grand Prix
1990–1993, 2000–2006: Foster's British Grand Prix
1994: Hitachi British Grand Prix
2007–2014: Santander British Grand Prix
2017–present: Rolex British Grand Prix[6]


document_title: List of U.S. states by homicide rate

question_text: what us state has the highest homicide rate

root

text: List of U.S. states by homicide rate

text: Homicide rate by state[edit]

text: Rates are calculated per 100,000 population.

tag: p

text:
State

2016

2014

2010

2005

2000

1996

 Alabama

8.4

5.7

5.7

8.2

7.4

10.4

 Alaska

7.0

5.6

4.3

4.8

4.3

7.4

 Arizona

5.5

4.7

6.4

7.5

7.0

8.5

 Arkansas

7.2

5.6

4.6

6.7

6.3

8.7

 California

4.9

4.4

4.8

6.9

6.1

9.1

 Colorado

3.7

2.8

2.6

3.7

3.1

4.7

 Connecticut

2.2

2.4

3.7

2.9

2.9

4.8

 Delaware

5.9

5.8

5.7

4.4

3.2

4.3

 Florida

5.4

5.8

5.2

5.0

5.6

7.5

 Georgia

6.6

5.7

5.7

6.2

8.0

9.5

 Hawaii

2.5

1.8

1.8

1.9

2.9

3.4

 Idaho

2.9

2.0

1.4

2.4

1.2

3.6

 Illinois

8.2

5.3

5.5

6.0

7.2

10

 Indiana

6.6

5.0

4.1

5.7

5.8

7.2

 Iowa

2.3

1.9

1.2

1.3

1.6

1.9

 Kansas

3.8

3.1

3.4

3.7

6.3

6.6

 Kentucky

5.9

3.6

4.3

4.6

4.8

5.9

 Louisiana

11.8

10.3

11.0

9.9

12.5

17.5

 Maine

1.5

1.6

1.8

1.4

1.2

2.0

 Maryland

8.0

6.1

7.4

9.9

8.1

11.6

 Massachusetts

2.0

2.0

3.3

2.7

2.0

2.6

 Michigan

6.0

5.4

5.9

6.1

6.7

7.5

 Minnesota

1.8

1.6

1.8

2.2

3.1

3.6

 Mississippi

8.0

8.6

6.9

7.3

9.0

11.1

 Missouri

8.8

6.6

7.0

6.9

6.2

8.1

 Montana

3.5

3.6

2.5

1.9

1.8

3.9

 Nebraska

2.6

2.9

3.0

2.5

3.7

2.9

 Nevada

7.6

6.0

5.8

8.5

6.5

13.7

 New Hampshire

1.3

0.9

1.0

1.4

1.8

1.7

 New Jersey

4.2

3.9

4.2

4.8

3.4

4.2

 New Mexico

6.7

4.8

6.8

7.4

7.4

11.5

 New York

3.2

3.1

4.5

4.5

5.0

7.4

 North Carolina

6.7

5.1

5.0

6.7

7.0

8.5

  North Dakota

2.0

3.0

1.5

1.1

0.6

2.2

 Ohio

5.6

4.0

4.2

5.1

3.7

4.8

 Oklahoma

6.2

4.5

5.2

5.3

5.3

6.8

 Oregon

2.8

2.0

2.5

2.2

2.0

4.0

 Pennsylvania

5.2

4.8

5.1

6.1

4.9

5.7

 Rhode Island

2.7

2.4

2.8

3.2

4.3

2.5

 South Carolina

7.4

6.4

5.7

7.4

5.8

9.0

 South Dakota

3.1

2.3

2.8

2.3

0.9

1.2

 Tennessee

7.3

5.7

5.6

7.2

7.2

9.5

 Texas

5.3

4.4

4.9

6.2

5.9

7.7

 Utah

2.4

2.3

1.9

2.3

1.9

3.2

 Vermont

2.2

1.6

1.1

1.3

1.5

1.9

 Virginia

5.8

4.1

4.7

6.1

5.7

7.5

 Washington

2.7

2.5

2.3

3.3

3.3

4.6

 West Virginia

4.4

4.0

3.1

4.4

2.5

3.8

 Wisconsin

4.0

2.9

2.7

3.5

3.2

4.2

 Wyoming

3.4

2.7

1.4

2.7

2.4

3.3

tag: table


document_title: Beth Greene

question_text: when does beth die on the walking dead

question_tokens: when does beth die on the walking dead

text: Beth Greene

text: Appearances[edit]

text: Season 2[edit]

text: Beth Greene is Hershel's (Scott Wilson) second daughter and Maggie's (Lauren Cohan) younger, half-sister. She is introduced in the second-season episode "Bloodletting", alongside her family and boyfriend, Jimmy (James Allen McCune) when Rick Grimes (Andrew Lincoln) and his group come to the family farm. Along with her family, she believes members of her now reanimated family to be sick, until the events of the mid-season finale "Pretty Much Dead Already" where she is forced to watch the undead her family kept in the barn get shot, and in the episode "Nebraska", her own reanimated mother being put down after attacking her. This event drives her nearly to suicide in the episode "18 Miles Out", but she decides to live. After the group are forced to leave the overrun farm in the second-season finale "Beside the Dying Fire", in which several of her loved ones, including her boyfriend are killed, she is forced to deal with the apocalyptic world.

text: Season 3[edit]

text: Beth becomes more self-assured and becomes a contributing member to Rick's group. She sings to help boost morale and spreads optimism among her survivors upon finding a place to live at the prison in the third-season premiere "Seed". When Hershel's leg is amputated after a walker bite in the episode "Sick", Beth chides Maggie for being pessimistic about his chances of survival. Beth devotes much of her time to assisting Hershel throughout his recovery, and also becomes a caretaker for Judith after Lori Grimes (Sarah Wayne Callies)'s death in the episode "Killer Within".

text: Season 4[edit]

text: Beth has developed a relationship with one of the prison newcomers, Zach (Kyle Gallner). When he is killed in a walker attack in the season premiere "30 Days Without an Accident", she quietly accepts his fate. She opens up to fellow survivor Daryl Dixon (Norman Reedus) about this loss, and proclaims she doesn't cry anymore. In the episode "Isolation", Beth continues to attempt to repress her sadness to Maggie when the deadly virus at the prison spreads, infecting Glenn (Steven Yeun) and endangering Hershel, who goes to the sick ward to help. During the Governor's (David Morrissey) attack on the prison in the episode "Too Far Gone", Beth and Maggie watch in horror as Hershel is decapitated during the battle, then the sisters are separated and Beth flees with Daryl. In the episodes "Inmates" and "Still", Beth and Daryl travel alone together, where the two come into conflict over the likelihood of other survivors. Beth confronts Daryl on his emotional detachment, forcing him to open up and show faith in the other people who could still be alive. He begins to teach her how to use a crossbow in the episode "Alone" where the two have found a mutual respect for one another. However, this newfound bond is quickly disrupted by walkers swarming the house, forcing her to escape outside where she gets kidnapped.

text: Season 5[edit]

text: Beth spends her time at Grady Memorial Hospital in Atlanta, starting with the fifth-season episode "Slabtown". She has been taken in by a group of police officers led by Dawn Lerner (Christine Woods). Kept against her will in a dangerous environment where she is mistreated and abused along with the other patients and wards, Beth devises a plan with Noah (Tyler James Williams) to escape, which involves escaping through the elevator. While Noah is successful, she finds herself caught fighting walkers and is eventually disarmed by the officers who find her. Later, Dawn shows signs of respect for Beth once she takes Noah's place as her ward but Beth openly tells her that she will find another way to escape. As Carol Peletier (Melissa McBride) is wheeled into the hospital injured from a car accident in an attempt to rescue her along with Daryl, Beth devises another plan to retrieve medicine to save her life in the episode "Crossed". In the mid-season finale "Coda", a hostage exchange occurs when Rick's group, who have captured two officers, demand Beth and Carol back. The exchange runs smoothly until Dawn demands that she needs Noah back. However, the group protest. Dawn claims she needs Noah because Beth took his place and she needs him back. Noah reluctantly agrees as does the group until Beth hugs him goodbye before turning to Dawn. She tells Dawn she "[gets] it now", that her act of kindness was a masquerade in order to keep Beth under her subservient order. Beth defiantly plunges a concealed pair of surgical scissors into Dawn's shoulder, causing Dawn to reflexively shoot her in the head by accident, and in turn prompting Daryl to kill Dawn in retaliation. Daryl lifts Beth's corpse and brings her out in time to see that the other survivors have returned, which include Maggie who breaks down in tears seeing Beth killed after only finding out she was alive.

text: Development and reception[edit]

text: Emily Kinney was cast as a recurring character in Season 2 of The Walking Dead, where she portrayed Beth Greene.[3] Beth is introduced as the 16-year-old sister of Maggie Greene, while Kinney was 25 years old at the time of casting.[4] The second-season episode "18 Miles Out" deals with the aftermath of Beth's suicide attempt. IGN's Eric Goldman commended the development presented in the episode; "While there's no denying that Beth was pretty much a non-entity until this episode, I did like a lot of her material here with Maggie—especially when Maggie said she couldn't handle another funeral and Beth told her, 'You can't avoid it,' which is of course a very sad, very true statement, given the circumstances they're in."[5] Gary Roszko of The Huffington Post affirmed that Beth's interactions with Lori were cliched, comparing it to "an after school anti-suicide special".[6] New York's Starlee Kine was much more pessimistic about the storyline than the general consensus and assailed the melodramatic nature of it. "We just aren’t going to care about the potential death of a character we don’t know," she iterated.[7] "Or if it refused to learn that lesson, maybe it could’ve then learned this one: We are very tired of watching survivors of a still undefined and non-wondered-about apocalypse talk other survivors into not giving up."[7]

text: After being on the show for two years, Kinney received a promotion to series regular for season 4, along with Chad Coleman and Sonequa Martin-Green.[8] The fourth-season episode "Still," which focuses only on Beth and Daryl, garnered praise in particular from television commentators, with viewers of the series having shipped Beth and Daryl as a couple.[9][10][11] Writing for IGN, Roth Cornet commended the "Still" episode, stating that "Daryl and Beth revealed themselves to be more perfect a fit than any of the other combinations" and that "[t]hey brought out a raw honesty in one another that yielded what were some of the most grounded and engaging character moments of the season. They are two sides of a coin, and that's not something that had been entirely clear prior to this entry."[12] She additionally commented positively on Kinney's acting, saying it was: "...the strongest acting we've seen from Emily Kinney, particularly in that final exchange on the porch."[12] Kinney said that the show was never clear on whether Beth and Daryl had a romantic or brother-sisterly connection, but that "it was a situation where they were getting to know each other. First, they were just trying to get along" because they did not see "each other's point of view very well" and, later, "as the story went along they maybe became friends" and "it started to sort of go, 'Oh, what more could this be? Could it keep going into something else?'"[10] In his review for Grantland praising the fifth season as a whole, Andy Greenwald had particular praise for the characters of Beth and Tyreese, citing their newly established complexities and character evolution in the fifth season.[13]

text: Regarding Beth's death, critics agree that Dawn did not intentionally shoot her, and that it was rather an accident or a matter of reflex, commenting on Dawn's surprised expression at the trigger having been activated.[14][15][16][17] Alan Sepinwall of HitFix stated that because the season had mostly neglected that Maggie and Beth are sisters, Beth's death in "Coda" does not have the emotional impact it could have when Maggie breaks down in grief at the sight of Beth's lifeless body.[18] Matt Fowler of IGN said that although Beth's death was predictable, it "felt like a big moment and it's always wrenching to see other characters react to the death of their loved ones" and that although he liked Beth, he "still mostly felt bad about her death because Daryl and Maggie (who seemed to have to be reminded this week that Beth being gone at all was a topic she should care about) felt bad about it."[19] Fowler ultimately gave the episode a 7.6 out of 10.[19] Kinney said she understood Maggie not expressing much concern about Beth's whereabouts because it is "a world where they're losing people a lot. And if you're going to survive, you can't sit around mourning for very long," and that Maggie likely had unseen moments where she worried about Beth.[10] Zach Handlen of The A.V. Club stated that the episode ends in "a shocking finale which reminds us that, whatever else it's learned, the show still hasn't given up on its most beloved trick: killing people because it can. Beth's sudden death was a shock, no question, although I imagine some viewers were expecting just such a gut-punch."[20]

text: Rob Bricken, writing for io9, commented negatively on Beth's death. He criticized the deaths of Dawn and Beth as a "wasted opportunity", citing the "childish, ridiculous logic" Dawn had for demanding Noah back even though she had "zero leverage", and Beth's "inexplicable, dumb decision" to stab Dawn in the shoulder. He wondered:

text: So what the hell was [Beth] trying to do? Get Dawn killed indirectly? Free the hospital from her idiotic non-control? Commit suicide by idiot? Whatever she was trying to accomplish — presumably getting rid of Dawn in some manner — weren't there many, many other ways to do it that didn't involve her almost certainly getting shot or potentially turning the hostage trade into a bloodbath? We'll never know, because Beth is dead.[17]

text: For her performance as Beth in the fifth season, Kinney was nominated in 2015 for the Saturn Award for Best Supporting Actress on Television.[21]


document_title: To Kill a Mockingbird (film)

question_text: who played jem in to kill a mocking bird

text: To Kill a Mockingbird (film)

text: Plot[edit]

text: The film's young protagonists, Jean Louise "Scout" Finch (Mary Badham) and her brother Jeremy Atticus "Jem" Finch (Phillip Alford), live in the fictional town of Maycomb, Alabama, during the early 1930s. The story covers three years, during which Scout and Jem undergo changes in their lives. They are innocent children, spending their days happily playing games with each other and spying on Arthur "Boo" Radley (Robert Duvall) who has not left his home for many years and about whom many rumors circulate. Their widowed father, Atticus (Gregory Peck), is a town lawyer and has strong beliefs that all people are to be treated fairly, to turn the other cheek, and to stand for what you believe. He also allows his children to call him by his first name. Early in the film, the children see their father accept hickory nuts, and other produce, from Mr. Cunningham (Crahan Denton) for legal work because the client has no money.[3] Through their father's work as a lawyer, Scout and Jem begin to learn of the racism and evil in their town, aggravated by poverty; they mature quickly as they are exposed to it.

text: The local judge (Paul Fix) appoints Atticus to defend a black man, Tom Robinson (Brock Peters), against an accusation of rape of a white girl, Mayella Ewell (Collin Wilcox). Atticus accepts the case. Jem and Scout experience schoolyard taunts for their father's decision. Later, as Atticus is sitting in front of the local jail to safeguard Robinson, a lynch mob arrives, which includes Mr. Cunningham. Scout, Jem and their friend, Dill (John Megna), interrupt the confrontation. Scout, unaware of the mob's purpose, recognizes Cunningham as the man who paid her father in hickory nuts and tells him to say hello to his son, who is her schoolmate. Cunningham becomes embarrassed and the mob disperses.

text: At the trial, it is undisputed that Tom came to Mayella's home at her request to help with the chopping up of a chifforobe, and that Mayella showed signs of having been beaten around that time. Among Atticus' chief arguments is that Tom has a crippled left arm, yet the supposed rapist would have had to make extensive use of his left hand in assaulting Mayella before raping her. Atticus then points out that Mayella's father, Bob Ewell (James Anderson), is left handed, implying that he – rather than Tom – was the one who beat Mayella. Atticus also states that the girl had not been examined by a doctor to check for signs of rape after the supposed assault. In his closing argument Atticus asks the all-white male jury to cast aside their prejudices and instead focus on Tom's obvious innocence. In taking the stand in his own defense, Tom denies he attacked Mayella, but states she kissed him. He testifies he voluntarily assisted Mayella because "I felt sorry for her because…". Although Tom does not finish his sentence, the prosecutor (William Windom) hammers home the point that he was a black man feeling sorry for a white woman. In a town where whites are viewed as superior to blacks, Tom's sympathy for Mayella dooms his case, and he is found guilty.

text: As Atticus leaves the courtroom, the black spectators in the balcony rise to their feet as a sign of respect and appreciation. Reverend Sykes says to Scout, "Miss Jean Louise, stand up. Your father's passing." When Atticus arrives home, Sheriff Heck Tate (Frank Overton) tells him that Tom has been killed by a deputy during his transfer to prison. According to this deputy, Tom was trying to escape, "running like a crazy man" before he was shot. Atticus and Jem go to the Robinson family home to inform them of Tom's death. Bob Ewell, Mayella's father, appears and spits in Atticus' face while Jem waits in the car. Atticus wipes his face and leaves.

text: Autumn arrives, and Scout and Jem attend a nighttime Halloween pageant at their school. Scout wears a large hard-shelled ham costume, portraying one of Maycomb county's products. At some point during the pageant, Scout's dress and shoes are misplaced. She is forced to walk home without shoes, wearing her ham costume. While cutting through the woods, Scout and Jem are attacked by an unidentified man who has been following them. Scout's costume, like an awkward suit of armor, protects her from the attack but restricts her movement and severely restricts her vision. Jem is knocked unconscious and Scout escapes unharmed in a brief but violent struggle. Their attacker is thwarted and overcome by another unidentified man. Scout escapes her costume in time to see the second man carrying Jem to their home. Scout follows the stranger inside and runs into the arms of a concerned Atticus. Doc Reynolds comes over and treats the broken arm of an unconscious Jem.

text: When Sheriff Tate asks Scout what happened, she sees a man standing quietly in the corner behind the door of Jem's room. Atticus formally introduces Scout to Arthur Radley, whom she has known as Boo, the man who came to the aid of Jem and Scout in the woods. It is revealed that Boo had overpowered Bob Ewell before carrying Jem home. The sheriff reports that Ewell was discovered dead at the scene of the attack with a knife in his ribs. Atticus assumes that Jem killed Ewell in self-defense. Sheriff Tate, however, believes that Boo killed Ewell in defense of the children, and he tells Atticus that to drag the shy and reserved Boo into the spotlight for his heroism would be "a sin". To protect Boo, Sheriff Tate suggests that Ewell "fell on his knife". Scout draws a startlingly precocious analogy, to likening unwelcome public attention to Boo to the killing of a mockingbird.

text: Cast[edit]

text: In the order of the film's opening credits:

text:
Gregory Peck as Atticus Finch
John Megna as Charles Baker "Dill" Harris
Frank Overton as Sheriff Heck Tate
Rosemary Murphy as Miss Maudie Atkinson
Ruth White as Mrs Dubose
Brock Peters as Tom Robinson
Estelle Evans as Calpurnia
Paul Fix as Judge John Taylor
Collin Wilcox as Mayella Violet Ewell
James Anderson as Robert E. Lee "Bob" Ewell
Alice Ghostley as Aunt Stephanie Crawford
Robert Duvall as Arthur "Boo" Radley
William Windom as Horace Gilmer, District Attorney
Crahan Denton as Walter Cunningham
Richard Hale as Nathan Radley
Mary Badham as Scout
Phillip Alford as Jem

tag: ul

text: Uncredited roles (in order of appearance)

text:
Kim Stanley.........Unseen narrator—the voice of adult Scout—"Maycomb was a tired old town – even in 1932 when I first knew it – that summer I was six years old."
Paulene Myers.........Mrs. Dubose's servant, sitting close to her on the Dubose porch (she has no speaking lines).
Jamie Forster.........Mr. Townsend, sitting on a bench, with three men, near the courthouse: "If you're lookin' for your daddy, he's inside the courthouse."
Steve Condit.........Mr. Cunningham's son Walter, at dinner with the Finch family: "Yes, sir. I don't know when I had roast. We been havin' squirrels and rabbits lately."
David Crawford.........David, Tom Robinson's son, sitting on the steps to the Robinsons' shack: "Good evening."
Kim Hamilton.........Helen, Tom Robinson's wife, inside the Robinsons' shack: "Good evening, Mr. Finch."
Dan White.........Mob leader approaching as Atticus Finch sits in front of the jailhouse: "He in there, Mr. Finch?"
Kelly Thordsen.........Heavyset member of the mob who grabs and picks up Jem: "Well, I'll send you home."
William "Bill" Walker.........Reverend Sykes, at the courthouse for Tom Robinson's trial: "Miss Jean Louise? Miss Jean Louise, stand up. Your father's passin'."
Charles Fredericks.........Court clerk at Tom Robinson's trial: "Place your hand on the bible, please. Do you solemnly swear to tell the truth...?"
Guy Wilkerson.........Jury foreman at Tom Robinson's trial: We find the defendant guilty as charged."
Jay Sullivan.........Court reporter at Tom Robinson's trial: "Yes."
Jester Hairston.........Tom Robinson's father in front of the Robinsons' shack: "Hello Mr. Finch. I'm Spence, Tom's father."
Hugh Sanders.........Doctor who examines Jem: "He's got a bad break, so far as I can tell. Somebody tried to wring his arm off."

text: Music[edit]

text:
To Kill a Mockingbird

Soundtrack album by Elmer Bernstein

Released
Early April 1963[4]

Recorded
August 1–2, 1996, City Halls, Glasgow

Label
Varèse Sarabande

text: Elmer Bernstein's score for To Kill a Mockingbird is regarded as one of the greatest film scores[5] and has been recorded three times. It was first released in April 1963 on Ava; then Bernstein re-recorded it in the 1970s for his Film Music Collection series; and finally, he recorded the complete score (below) in 1996 with the Royal Scottish National Orchestra for the Varese Sarabande Film Classics series.

text:
"Main Title" – 3:21
"Remember Mama" – 1:08
"Atticus Accepts The Case – Roll in the Tire" – 2:06
"Creepy Caper – Peek-A-Boo" – 4:10
"Ewell's Hatred" – 3:33
"Jem's Discovery" – 3:47
"Tree Treasure" – 4:23
"Lynch Mob" – 3:04
"Guilty Verdict" – 3:10
"Ewell Regret It" – 2:11
"Footsteps in the Dark" – 2:07
"Assault in the Shadows" – 2:28
"Boo Who" – 3:00
"End Title" – 3:25

tag: ol

text: Critical response[edit]

text: The film received widespread critical acclaim. As of March 2017, it maintains a 91% rating on Rotten Tomatoes, based on 56 reviews.[6] According to Bosley Crowther:[7]

text: "Horton Foote's script and the direction of Mr. Mulligan may not penetrate that deeply, but they do allow Mr. Peck and little Miss Badham and Master Alford to portray delightful characters. Their charming enactments of a father and his children in that close relationship, which can occur at only one brief period, are worth all the footage of the film. Rosemary Murphy as a neighbor, Brock Peters as the Negro on trial, and Frank Overton as a troubled sheriff are good as locality characters, too. James Anderson and Collin Wilcox as Southern bigots are almost caricatures. But those are minor shortcomings in a rewarding film."

text: Roger Ebert of the Chicago Sun-Times criticized the film for focusing less on the blacks, denouncing the cliché of the honest, white man standing for a helpless black:[8]

text: "It expresses the liberal pieties of a more innocent time, the early 1960s, and it goes very easy on the realities of small-town Alabama in the 1930s. One of the most dramatic scenes shows a lynch mob facing Atticus, who is all by himself on the jailhouse steps the night before Tom Robinson's trial. The mob is armed and prepared to break in and hang Robinson, but Scout bursts onto the scene, recognizes a poor farmer who has been befriended by her father, and shames him (and all the other men) into leaving. Her speech is a calculated strategic exercise, masked as the innocent words of a child; one shot of her eyes shows she realizes exactly what she's doing. Could a child turn away a lynch mob at that time, in that place? Isn't it nice to think so."

text: Gregory Peck's performance became synonymous with the role and character of Atticus Finch. Producer Alan J. Pakula remembered hearing from Peck when he was first approached with the role: "He called back immediately. No maybes. […] I must say the man and the character he played were not unalike".[9] Peck later said in an interview that he was drawn to the role because the book reminded him of growing up in La Jolla, California.[10] "Hardly a day passes that I don't think how lucky I was to be cast in that film", Peck said in a 1997 interview. "I recently sat at a dinner next to a woman who saw it when she was 14 years old, and she said it changed her life. I hear things like that all the time".[11]

text: Gregory Peck[edit]

text: The 1962 softcover edition of the novel opens with the following: The Southern town of Maycomb, Alabama, reminds me of the California town I grew up in. The characters of the novel are like people I knew as a boy. I think perhaps the great appeal of the novel is that it reminds readers everywhere of a person or a town they have known. It is to me a universal story – moving, passionate and told with great humor and tenderness. Gregory Peck.

text: Harper Lee, in liner notes written for the film's DVD re-release by Universal, wrote: "When I learned that Gregory Peck would play Atticus Finch in the film production of To Kill a Mockingbird, I was of course delighted: here was a fine actor who had made great films – what more could a writer ask for? ...The years told me his secret. When he played Atticus Finch, he had played himself, and time has told all of us something more: when he played himself, he touched the world". [12] Upon Peck's death in 2003, Brock Peters, who played Tom Robinson in the film version, quoted Harper Lee at Peck's eulogy, saying, "Atticus Finch gave him an opportunity to play himself". Peters concluded his eulogy stating, "To my friend Gregory Peck, to my friend Atticus Finch, vaya con Dios".[13] Peters remembered the role of Tom Robinson when he recalled, "It certainly is one of my proudest achievements in life, one of the happiest participations in film or theater I have experienced".[14] Peters remained friends not only with Peck but with Mary Badham throughout his life.

text: Peck himself admitted that many people have reminded him of this film more than any other film he has ever done.[15]

text: Awards and honors[edit]

text: In 1995 To Kill a Mockingbird was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant".[16] It is also Robert Duvall's big-screen debut, as the misunderstood recluse Boo Radley. Duvall was cast on the recommendation of screenwriter Horton Foote, who met him at Neighborhood Playhouse in New York City where Duvall starred in a 1957 production of Foote's play, The Midnight Caller.[17]

text: The American Film Institute named Atticus Finch the greatest movie hero of the 20th century.[18] Additionally, the AFI ranked the movie second on their 100 Years... 100 Cheers list, behind It's a Wonderful Life.[19] The film was ranked number 34 on AFI's list of the 100 greatest movies of all time, but moved up to number 25 on the 10th Anniversary list.[20] In June 2008, the AFI revealed its "Ten top Ten"—the best ten films in ten "classic" American film genres—after polling over 1,500 people from the creative community. To Kill a Mockingbird was acknowledged as the best film in the courtroom drama genre.[21]

text: In 2007 Hamilton was honored by the Harlem community for her part in the movie. She was the last surviving African-American adult who had a speaking part in the movie. When told of the award, she said, "I think it is terrific. I'm very pleased and very surprised".[22]

text:
AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies – #34
AFI's 100 Years...100 Heroes & Villains:

Atticus Finch – #1 Hero

AFI's 100 Years...100 Movie Quotes:

"Miss Jean Louise, stand up. Your father's passing." – Nominated[23]
"You never really understand a person until you consider things from his point of view, until you climb inside of his skin and walk around in it." – Nominated[23]

AFI's 100 Years of Film Scores – #17
AFI's 100 Years...100 Cheers – #2
AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies: 10th Anniversary Edition– #25
AFI's 10 Top 10 – #1 Courtroom Drama

text: Academy Awards[edit]

text: The film won three Academy Awards out of the eight for which it was nominated.[24]

text:
Academy Award for Best Actor — Gregory Peck (The award was presented to Peck by Sophia Loren)
Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay – Horton Foote
Academy Award for Best Art Direction – Set Decoration, Black-and-White — (Henry Bumstead, Alexander Golitzen, and Oliver Emert)

text: Other nominations were for

text:
Best Picture (Producer, Alan J. Pakula)
Best Director (Robert Mulligan)
Best Cinematography, Black-and-White (Russell Harlan),
Best Actress in a Supporting Role (Mary Badham)
Best Music, Score — Substantially Original (Elmer Bernstein)

text: Its main competition was Lawrence of Arabia, which won the Oscar for Best Picture, Best Director and Best Original Score. Peter O'Toole had been nominated for Best Actor for his performance as T. E. Lawrence, but Peck won for Mockingbird. The Longest Day claimed the award for Best Cinematography, while Patty Duke was awarded Best Supporting Actress for her work in The Miracle Worker.

text: Golden Globe Awards[edit]

text:
Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Drama — Gregory Peck
Golden Globe Award for Best Original Score — Motion Picture — Elmer Bernstein
Golden Globe Award for Best Film Promoting International Understanding — To Kill a Mockingbird

text: Cannes Film Festival[edit]

text: The film was selected for the 1963 Cannes Film Festival in feature film category, winning the Gary Cooper Award.[25][26]

text: Restoration[edit]

text: The film was restored and released on Blu-ray and DVD in 2012 as part of the 100th anniversary of Universal Pictures.[27]


document_title: Arrested Development (TV series)

question_text: when does second half of season 5 of arrested development come out

text: Arrested Development (TV series)

text: Production[edit]

text: Conception[edit]

text: Discussion that led to the creation of the series began in the summer of 2002. Ron Howard had the original idea to create a comedy series in the style of handheld cameras and reality television, but with an elaborate, highly comical script resulting from repeated rewritings and rehearsals. Howard met with David Nevins, the president of Imagine Television, Katie O'Connell, a senior vice president, and two writers, including Mitchell Hurwitz. In light of recent corporate accounting scandals, such as Enron and Adelphia, Hurwitz suggested a story about a "riches to rags" family. Howard and Imagine were immediately interested in using this idea, and signed Hurwitz to write the show. The idea was pitched and sold in the fall of 2002. There was a bidding war for the show between Fox and NBC, with the show ultimately selling to Fox as a put pilot with a six-figure penalty.[12]

text: Over the next few months, Hurwitz developed the characters and plot for the series. The script of the pilot episode was submitted in January 2003 and filmed in March 2003. It was submitted in late April to Fox and was added to the network's fall schedule that May.[13]

text: Casting[edit]

text: Alia Shawkat was the first cast in the series.[13] Michael Cera, Tony Hale, and Jessica Walter were cast from video tapes and flown in to audition for Fox.[13] Jason Bateman and Portia de Rossi both read and auditioned for the network and were immediately chosen.[13] The character of Gob was apparently the most challenging to cast.[14] When Will Arnett auditioned, he played the character "like a guy who thought of himself as the chosen son, even though it was obvious to everyone else that he was the least favorite"; he was chosen immediately for his unique portrayal.[14] The characters of Tobias and George Sr. were originally going to have minor roles, but David Cross and Jeffrey Tambor's portrayals mixed well with the rest of the characters, and they were given more significant parts.[13] Howard provided the narration for the initial pilot, and his narrating meshed so well with the tone of the program that the decision was made to keep his voice.[15] Howard also aided in the casting of "Lucille 2"; the producers told him that their dream actress for the role was Liza Minnelli but assumed no one of her stature would take the part.[16] She agreed when Ron Howard asked her himself, because they were old friends; she had been his babysitter when he was a teenager.[17]

text: Production design[edit]

text: Arrested Development uses several elements which were rare at the time for American live-action sitcoms. It was shot on location and in HD video (at 24 frames per second) with multiple cameras, parodying tactics often employed in documentary film and reality television, straying from the "fixed-set, studio audience, laugh track" style long dominant in comedy production.[18] The show also makes heavy use of cutaway gags, supplementing the narrative with visual punchlines like security camera footage, Bluth family photos, website screenshots, archive films, and flashbacks.[18] An omniscient third-person narrator (producer Ron Howard) ties together the multiple plot threads running through each episode, while humorously undercutting and commenting on the characters.[19] Arrested Development also developed a unique self-referentiality through use of in-jokes that evolved over multiple episodes, which rewarded longtime viewership (and in turn may have discouraged new viewers and contributed to the show's ratings difficulties).[18]

text: Cancellation and revival[edit]

text: During the series' third season in 2006, despite months-long rumors of Arrested Development having been picked up by the cable television network Showtime,[20] creator Hurwitz declined to move the show to another network.[21] As Hurwitz explained, "I had taken it as far as I felt I could as a series. I told the story I wanted to tell, and we were getting to a point where I think a lot of the actors were ready to move on."[22] He said that he was "more worried about letting down the fans in terms of the quality of the show dropping" than he was about disappointing fans by not giving them more episodes. He also said, "If there's a way to continue this in a form that's not weekly episodic series television, I'd be up for it".

text: On October 2, 2011, the entire cast of Arrested Development reunited for a panel at The New Yorker Festival in New York.[23][24] At the panel, Hurwitz declared his intention of producing a truncated fourth season as a lead-in to a film adaptation.[25]

text: Six years after the series had been canceled by Fox, filming for a revived fourth season began on August 7, 2012.[26] Fifteen episodes of the show's revival season were released simultaneously on Netflix on May 26, 2013.[8] The first eight episodes of the fifth season were released on Netflix on May 29, 2018, with the remaining eight episodes to be released later in 2018.[27]

text: Characters[edit]

text: Main characters[edit]

text: The plot of Arrested Development revolves around the members of the Bluth family, a formerly-wealthy family who continue to lead extravagant lifestyles despite their changed circumstances[28] and who often find themselves drawn into interactions with incestuous undertones.[29] At the center of the show is Michael Bluth (Jason Bateman), the show's straight man, who strives to do the right thing and keep his family together, despite their materialism, selfishness, and manipulative natures.[28] Michael is a widowed single father.[30] His teenage son, George Michael (Michael Cera), has the same qualities of decency but feels a constant pressure to live up to his father's expectations and is often reluctant to follow his father's plans.[28] He battles with a crush he has on cousin Maeby, which developed from a kiss she gave him as part of a prank.[citation needed]

text: Michael's father, George Bluth Sr. (Jeffrey Tambor), is the patriarch of the family, a corrupt real estate developer arrested in the first episode, hence the name of the series. George goes to considerable lengths to manipulate and control his family in spite of imprisonment, and makes numerous efforts to evade justice.[31] His wife, and Michael's mother, Lucille (Jessica Walter), is ruthlessly manipulative, materialistic, and hypercritical of every member of her family, as well as perpetually drinking alcohol.[28] Her grip is tightest on her youngest son, Byron "Buster" Bluth (Tony Hale), an over-educated (yet still under-educated) mother's boy who has dependency issues and is prone to panic attacks.[28]

text: Michael's older brother is George Oscar Bluth II (Will Arnett), going entirely by the acronym "GOB" (/dʒoʊb/).[28] An unsuccessful professional magician whose business and personal schemes usually fail or become tiresome and are quickly abandoned, GOB is competitive with Michael over women and bullies Buster.[28] Michael's twin sister Lindsay (Portia de Rossi) is spoiled and materialistic, continually seeking the center of attention and leaping on various social causes for the sake of vanity.[32] She is married to Tobias Fünke (David Cross), a discredited psychiatrist-turned-aspiring actor.[28] Tobias is a self-diagnosed "never-nude" (a disorder comparable to gymnophobia), whose language and behavior have heavily homosexual overtones to which he seems completely oblivious and which are the center of much tongue-in-cheek comedy throughout the series.[32][33] Their daughter is Mae "Maeby" Fünke (Alia Shawkat), a rebellious teen with an opportunistic streak, who seeks to defy her parents for the sake of attention, and otherwise pursues boys and power, and furthers her complicated relationship with George Michael.[28]

text: Recurring characters[edit]

text: Several other characters regularly appear in recurring roles.[34] George Sr.'s identical twin brother, Oscar (also played by Jeffrey Tambor), is a lethargic ex-hippie seeking the affection of George's wife, Lucille.[35] The family's lawyer, Barry Zuckerkorn (Henry Winkler), is an incompetent sexual deviant who often hinders the family's legal battles rather than helping them.[33] He is eventually replaced by Bob Loblaw (Scott Baio).[34] Lucille Austero, or "Lucille 2", played by Liza Minnelli, is Lucille's "best friend and chief social rival" as well as a sometimes-love interest of Buster and, later, Gob.[36] Steve Holt (Justin Grant Wade) is a high school senior and football star at the high school George Michael and Maeby attend, and is later discovered to be Gob's son.[37] Carl Weathers plays a parodied version of himself as Tobias' acting coach.[38] John Beard likewise portrays a fictional version of himself as a news anchor reporting on the characters' antics.[39]

text: Beginning in the second season, Mae Whitman plays Ann Veal, George Michael's sternly Christian girlfriend, often forgotten or disparaged by Michael.[36] Ann was first played by Alessandra Torresani, and first appeared in the season 1 episode "Let 'Em Eat Cake". Gob's girlfriend Marta Estrella, who eventually reciprocates Michael's infatuation with her and ends up causing conflict between the two brothers, was originally played by Leonor Varela and later by Patricia Velasquez.[40] J. Walter Weatherman (Steve Ryan), a one-armed amputee, is an old employee of George Sr.; Weatherman appears in flashbacks in several episodes where, as hired by George Sr., he would teach the Bluth children lessons by participating in staged accidents where he would "lose" his (prosthetic) arm.[36]

text: An intellectually disabled British woman named Rita Leeds (Charlize Theron) appears in five episodes in the third season as Michael's female companion.[41] Judy Greer plays George Bluth Senior's assistant and lover (and partner-in-crime), Kitty Sanchez, for 10 episodes of the series.[42] Ed Begley, Jr. plays Stan Sitwell, the owner of Sitwell Enterprises, a rival company to the Bluth Company.[43] Christine Taylor plays Sally Sitwell, Stan Sitwell's daughter and a consistent love interest for Michael.[44] Justin Lee plays Annyong, the adopted Korean son of Lucille and George Sr.[45] Julia Louis-Dreyfus plays Maggie Lizer, an attorney and compulsive liar who has a recurring relationship with Michael.[46] Rob Corddry plays Moses Taylor, the star of the fictional TV show "Frank Wrench" and a noted gun rights activist.[47] Ben Stiller plays magician and Gob's chief rival Tony Wonder, well known for baking himself into a loaf of bread to feed the troops.[48] Amy Poehler plays Gob's unnamed and frequently forgotten wife who married Gob as the final in a long line of escalating dares.[49] Jane Lynch plays Cindi Lightballoon, a government mole who tries to gather incriminating information from an incarcerated George Sr. but ends up falling in love with him instead.[50]

text: Episodes[edit]

text: SeasonEpisodesOriginally airedFirst airedLast airedNetwork122November 2, 2003 (2003-11-02)June 6, 2004 (2004-06-06)Fox218November 7, 2004 (2004-11-07)April 17, 2005 (2005-04-17)313September 19, 2005 (2005-09-19)February 10, 2006 (2006-02-10)415 (original)  22 (recut)May 26, 2013 (2013-05-26) (original)  May 3, 2018 (2018-05-03) (recut)Netflix516[51]8May 29, 2018 (2018-05-29)82018 (2018)[51]

text: Season 1 (2003–04)[edit]

text: George Bluth Sr., patriarch of the wealthy Bluth family, is the founder and former CEO of the successful Bluth Company which markets and builds mini-mansions among many other activities. His son Michael serves as manager of the company, and, after being passed over for a promotion, decides to leave both the company and his family. Just as he makes this decision, however, George Sr. is arrested by the Securities and Exchange Commission for defrauding investors and gross spending of the company's money for "personal expenses". His wife Lucille becomes CEO, and immediately names as the new president her extremely sheltered youngest son Buster, who proves ill-equipped, as his only experience with business is a class he took concerning 18th century agrarian business. Furious at being passed over again, Michael secures another job with a rival company and plans on leaving his family behind for good. Realizing that they need Michael, the family asks him to come back and run the company, which Michael scoffs at until he sees how much the family means to his teenaged son George Michael. To keep the family together, Michael asks his self-centered twin sister Lindsay, her husband Tobias and their daughter Maeby to live together in the Bluth model home with him and George Michael.[52]

text: Throughout the first season, different characters struggle to change their identities. Buster works to escape from his mother's control by bonding with brothers Michael and Gob as well as with love interest Lucille Austero, Lucille Bluth's neighbor and chief social rival.[53] George Michael nurses a forbidden crush on his cousin Maeby, while continually trying to meet his father's expectations. Lindsay's husband Tobias searches for work as an actor, with the aid of Carl Weathers.[54] Michael falls in love with his screw-up older brother Gob's neglected girlfriend Marta, and is torn between being with her and putting "family first".[54] After seeing Michael physically fight with Gob, Marta realizes that they do not share the same family values and she leaves them both.[55] To spite Buster, Lucille adopts a Korean son whom she calls "Annyong" after she mistakes the Korean word for "hello" as his name.[55] Through an escalating series of dares, Gob gets married to a woman he just met, played by Will Arnett's real-life then-wife Amy Poehler, but cannot get an annulment because he refuses to admit that he did not consummate the marriage.[56] Kitty, George Sr.'s former assistant and mistress, tries to blackmail the company. She is caught in the Bluth family yacht's explosion, as used in one of Gob's magic acts, but survives with a cooler full of damning evidence labeled "H Maddas".[57] After previous failed attempts, and a brief religious stint in Judaism, George Sr. finally escapes from prison by faking a heart attack. It is also revealed that George Sr. committed "light treason" by using the company to build mini-palaces for Saddam Hussein in Iraq.[58]

text: Season 2 (2004–05)[edit]

text: Because of his father's latest prison break deception (a faked heart attack), Michael decides to leave his family and move to Phoenix, Arizona with George Michael, but discovers that he cannot leave the state, due to the Bluth Company being under investigation and him having to go to jail as a replacement for his father. Lucille appoints Gob the new Bluth Company president, but since Gob proves utterly incompetent, the position's real duties revert to Michael. During the rest of the season Gob serves as figurehead president; Michael is still under scrutiny for George Sr.'s illegal activity.[59]

text: George Sr. is not, in fact, gone. After faking his death in Mexico by paying off the cops, George Sr. returns to the family model home, where George Michael discovers him and hides him in the attic.[60] To protect his son from legal implications, Michael hides George Sr. in Gob's prop Aztec Tomb, orchestrates a diversion, and tells the family that George Sr. has escaped once more. Throughout the rest of the season, Michael sneaks George Sr. provisions, and George Sr. keeps tabs on the Bluth family through the ventilation system. George Sr. also faces an onslaught from the outside world; the press begins looking for him in Iraq, fumigators surround the house while he's still in the attic, and Kitty returns to steal a sample of his semen to make her own Bluth baby.

text: Buster meanwhile joins the army, but escapes serving in Iraq when his hand is bitten off by a loose seal (a play on "Lucille") Gob had mistakenly trained to develop a taste for mammal flesh. Buster is refitted with a sharp hook, which he copes with poorly and often brandishes dangerously in social situations.[61] During Buster's long psychological recovery, he bonds with George Sr.'s stoner twin brother Oscar, who moves in with Lucille in an attempt to rekindle a past love affair. Uncle Oscar slowly reveals himself as Buster's presumptive biological father. Eventually, George Sr. takes revenge on the adulterous Oscar and Lucille by kidnapping Oscar, knocking him unconscious, exchanging appearances with him, and sending him to prison in his place.[62]

text: Lindsay and Tobias continue their disastrous open relationship. Lindsay tries—but fails—to secure a lover, while Tobias paints himself blue each night in a futile attempt to join the Blue Man Group.[63] When Lindsay kicks him out of the house, Tobias disguises himself as a singing British nanny named "Mrs. Featherbottom" (an idea he gets from the film Mrs. Doubtfire) so he can watch over his daughter Maeby. The family sees right through this incompetent disguise, but they humor Tobias since—in the guise of Mrs. Featherbottom—he does their chores.[64]

text: George Michael begins dating a deeply religious girl, Ann Veal, who encourages him to smash pop music CDs and to run for student body president against perennial favorite Steve Holt. Michael dislikes her and tries to disrupt the kids' relationship, most notably by breaking up Ann and George Michael's pre-engagement.[65] Meanwhile, Maeby cons her way into an after school job as a film studio executive. When Maeby's studio remakes "Les Cousins Dangereux", George Michael abandons Ann to pursue his crush on Maeby. Maeby herself realises she has feelings for George Michael in light of his relationship, and the two kiss while the living room of the model home collapses.[62]

text: Season 3 (2005–06)[edit]

text: Michael again searches for his runaway father, George Sr. Gob receives an invitation to a father/son reunion outing, and believes it to be George Sr. trying to contact him. In reality, the invitation was meant to reunite Gob with Steve Holt, son of Eve Holt, a girl Gob slept with in high school. Meanwhile, George Michael and Maeby deal with their previous kiss by avoiding each other.[66]

text: In an attempt to remain in disguise, George Sr. joins the Blue Man Group. Michael discovers this and arranges to have his father placed under house arrest.[67] George Sr. claims that he was set up by an underground British group. Michael goes to Wee Britain, a fictional British-themed city district, to investigate, and in the process meets a new love interest, Rita Leeds (Charlize Theron). Michael and the audience are led to believe that Rita is a mole for the underground British group, working for a man named "Mr. F".[68] However, love-struck Michael proposes to her, and the couple run off to wed. Finally, it is revealed that Rita is actually an "MRF", or "mentally retarded female". Despite Rita's "condition", the family pushes him to go forward with the marriage because Rita is wealthy and they want her money. Michael is not persuaded and gently ends the relationship just as he and Rita are about to walk down the aisle.[69] Meanwhile, Tobias and Lindsay seek legal help from Bob Loblaw (Scott Baio) concerning their troubled marriage.

text: With the family's retainer used up because of Lindsay's and Tobias's advances, Bob Loblaw chooses to no longer represent the Bluth family. Attorney Jan Eagleman offers to represent the family, on the condition that they participate in a mock trial in a new reality courtroom show called "Mock Trial with J. Reinhold". Musical accompaniment for the show's theme song and perceived jokes from testifying witnesses is provided by "William Hung And His Hung Jury". Michael uses an illegal threat from prosecutor Wayne Jarvis to have the mock case "dismissed". Gob and Franklin briefly appear in another courtroom show presided over by Bud Cort. Meanwhile, Maeby and George Michael perform a mock wedding for Alzheimer's patients that is accidentally conducted by a real priest; the two become legally married.[70]

text: The family members are afraid to testify at the mock trial and at the real deposition; Buster fakes a coma, Lindsay and Lucille fake entering rehab, and Gob flees the country to perform in a USO Tour in Iraq. The deceptions are all uncovered by the prosecution, and in Iraq Gob is arrested for inadvertently inciting an anti-US riot. Buster and Michael travel to Iraq to rescue Gob, and while there, uncover evidence that the mini-palaces George Sr. built in Iraq were actually ordered and paid for by the CIA for wiretapping purposes. After this discovery, the US government drops all of the charges against George Sr. In the general confusion, everyone except George Michael forgets Maeby's sixteenth birthday.[71]

text: To celebrate their victory in Iraq, the Bluths throw a shareholders' party on the RMS Queen Mary. During preparation for the party, it is revealed that Lindsay was adopted, meaning that George Michael and Maeby are not blood relatives. At the party, the Bluth's other adopted child, Annyong, reappears. He reveals that he is there to avenge the Bluth family's theft of his grandfather's frozen banana idea and the cause of his subsequent deportation, an event orchestrated many years earlier by Lucille Bluth. Annyong has turned over evidence implicating Lucille in the Bluth Company's accounting scandals. Before the police arrive, Michael and George Michael flee on Gob's yacht, the C-Word, and depart to Cabo with half a million dollars in cashier's checks, finally leaving the family to fend for themselves. However, it is revealed in the epilogue that George Sr. is also on the yacht, having lured his brother Oscar into taking his place once again. Also in the epilogue, Maeby tries to sell the television rights to the story of the Bluth family to Ron Howard, who tells her that he sees it as a movie rather than a series.[72]

text: Season 4 (2013)[edit]

text: Filming for a fourth season, on Netflix, began on August 7, 2012, more than six years after the series had been canceled by Fox.[26] The season consists of 15 new episodes,[8] all debuting at the same time on Netflix on May 26, 2013 in the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, Ireland, Latin America, and the Nordic countries.[73] Several actors who had recurring roles in the original series returned to reprise their roles, including Carl Weathers as himself, Henry Winkler as Barry Zuckerkorn, Ben Stiller as Tony Wonder, Mae Whitman as Ann Veal, Scott Baio as Bob Loblaw, Judy Greer as Kitty Sanchez, and Liza Minnelli as Lucille Austero; while new characters are played by Debra Mooney, John Slattery, Tommy Tune, Terry Crews, Isla Fisher and John Krasinski.[74][75][76][77][78][79] Kristen Wiig and Seth Rogen appear as Lucille and George Sr., respectively, in flashbacks.

text: Each episode of the season occurs over approximately the same stretch of time, but focuses on a different character. Information on events depicted in a given episode is often partial and filled in during a later episode.[80]

text: Creator Mitch Hurwitz created a recut of season four called Arrested Development Season 4 Remix: Fateful Consequences, in which the season's story is presented in chronological order. The recut consists of 22 episodes and was released May 3, 2018 on Netflix.[81]

text: Season 5 (2018)[edit]

text: Netflix confirmed on May 17, 2017, that a fifth season featuring the full cast had been ordered.[82] The fifth season will include 16 episodes; the first eight were released on May 29, 2018, and the remaining 8 episodes will be released later in 2018.[27][83]

text: Reception[edit]

text: Television ratings[edit]

text: The show, while critically acclaimed, did not gain a sizable audience.[2] According to the Nielsen ratings system, the show's first season was the 120th most popular show among households and the 88th among viewers aged 18 to 49, averaging 6.2 million viewers.[84]

text: U.S. ratings in the second season averaged about six million viewers, while the third season averaged about four million viewers.[85] Fox announced that it would halt the production of the second season at eighteen episodes—four episodes short of the planned season.[86]

text: For the third season, Fox positioned the show on Mondays at 8:00 p.m. ET.[87] Ratings dropped further than previous seasons.[88] On November 9, 2005, Fox announced that the show would not be airing in November sweeps, and that they had cut the episode order for the third season from 22 to 13.[88] Fox ended up showing the last four episodes in a two-hour timeslot—directly opposite the opening ceremonies of the 2006 Winter Olympics.[89] The series finale episode received 3.43 million viewers.[90]

text: Critical response[edit]

text: Throughout its original run, Arrested Development received critical acclaim.[2] It is widely regarded as one of the defining comedies of the 2000s and has been praised by many critics as one of the greatest comedies of all time.[91][92] In 2007, the show was listed as one of Time magazine's "100 Best TV Shows of All-TIME".[3]

text: Tim Stack of Entertainment Weekly praised the series, saying "Is it beating a dead horse to once again state that this underappreciated gem is the best sitcom on TV? Too bad. Arrested Development is the best sitcom on TV!"[93]

text: David Bianculli from the New York Daily News stated "If you're not watching this series on Fox, the least you can do is buy it on DVD. You'll love it, and it's such a dense show (in the best sense of the word) that it rewards repeated viewing. Like Scrubs and the British version of The Office, it is the sort of show that truly deserves to be seen uninterrupted, several episodes at a time, for maximum enjoyment. The laughs-per-minute quotient here is insanely high, making it great value as a home library purchase."[94]

text: Alison Powell of The Guardian said "As Hollywood agents worry about the demise of the town's lowing cash cow, the multi-camera, staged sitcom, here to save the day is Arrested Development, a farce of such blazing wit and originality, that it must surely usher in a new era in comedy."[95]

text: Gillian Flynn of Entertainment Weekly named Arrested Development the best television show of 2005 and said in her review that "As oddball as Arrested is, it's also humane. A flawless cast—from Will Arnett's breathy, bombastic Gob to Jessica Walter's boozy Lucille—grounds it, aided by Ron Howard's affable narration. The center of sensibility is good son Michael (Jason Bateman) and his even better son, George Michael (Michael Cera). Bateman and Cera give the best reacts around—the former all weary exasperation, the latter adorably bunny-stunned. Together, they're the sweetest, awkwardest straight men on the smartest, most shockingly funny series on TV...which is likely canceled, despite six Emmy wins. It's a perversion not even the Bluths deserve."[96] In 2012, Entertainment Weekly listed the show at No. 2 in the "25 Best Cult TV Shows from the Past 25 Years", praising its "fast, delirious, interlocking jokes that don't pander to the masses; winky gags (e.g. fake preview scenes for the following week's episode); and a cast of absurd characters".[97]

text: Accolades[edit]

text: In 2004, the first season received seven Emmy Award nominations with five wins. It won for Outstanding Comedy Series, Outstanding Directing for a Comedy Series, Outstanding Casting for a Comedy Series, Outstanding Single-Camera Picture Editing for a Comedy Series and Outstanding Writing for a Comedy Series, for the pilot episode written by Mitchell Hurwitz and directed by brothers Anthony and Joe Russo. Jeffrey Tambor was nominated that year for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Comedy Series.[98]

text: In 2005, the second season received eleven Emmy nominations in seven categories with one win. Notable nominations included Outstanding Comedy Series, Outstanding Lead Actor in a Comedy Series (Jason Bateman), Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Comedy Series (Jeffrey Tambor), Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series (Jessica Walter) as well as three nominations for Outstanding Writing for a Comedy Series, in which it won for "Righteous Brothers", written by Mitchell Hurwitz and Jim Vallely.[98]

text: In 2006, the third season received four Emmy nominations, for Outstanding Comedy Series, Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Comedy Series (Will Arnett), Outstanding Single-Camera Picture Editing for a Comedy Series and Outstanding Writing for a Comedy Series for the series finale "Development Arrested".[98]

text: In 2013, the fourth season received three Emmy nominations, for Outstanding Actor in a Comedy Series (Jason Bateman), Outstanding Music Composition for a Series (Original Dramatic Score) and Outstanding Single-camera Picture Editing for a Comedy Series.[98]

text: Other awards include:

text:
The 2004 TV Land Award for "Future Classic", the first recognition the series received. The award presentation is included on the season one DVD release.[99]
The 2004 Television Critics Association Awards for Outstanding Comedy and Outstanding New Program, and the 2005 award for Outstanding Achievement in Comedy.[100][101]
The 2005 Golden Globe Award for Best Performance by an Actor in a Television Series – Musical or Comedy for Jason Bateman.[102]
The 2004 Writers Guild of America Award for Episodic Comedy, for the episode "Pier Pressure", written by Mitchell Hurwitz and Jim Vallely.[103]
The 2004 Satellite Award for Best Television Series – Comedy or Musical, along with Jeffrey Tambor and Jessica Walter for Best Performance by an Actor and Actress in a Supporting Role in a Series – Comedy or Musical.[104] In 2005, Jason Bateman and Portia de Rossi won for Best Actor and Actress in a Series – Comedy or Musical.[105] Jason Bateman also won the same award the following ceremony.[106]
The 2005 Young Artist Award for Best Performance in a TV Series (Comedy or Drama) – Supporting Young Actress for Alia Shawkat.[107]

text: Controversies[edit]

text: Lawsuit[edit]

text: In November 2003, the producers of the show were sued by the hip hop group Arrested Development over the alleged use of their name.[108] Rapper Speech from the group said "The use of our name by Fox is not only confusing to the public, but also has the potential to significantly dilute what the 'Arrested Development' name means to our fans".[108] The lawsuit was quietly settled for an undisclosed sum.[108]

text: This incident was alluded to in the episode "Motherboy XXX." The narrator claims the show is "legally required to make a distinction" between the "Motherboy" event happening in the episode and a band called "Motherboy."[108]

text: Conflicts over misconduct allegations[edit]

text: In November 2017, prior to the public announcement of the fifth season, Jeffrey Tambor was accused of sexual misconduct by a number of female cast and crew of his previous works. This ultimately led to Tambor being removed from the show Transparent.[109] When the fifth season of Arrested Development was formally announced, it was affirmed that Tambor would still be part of the show; all of the season had been filmed prior to the misconduct charges, and the show's cast and crew had been supportive of him during that time.[9]

text: In an interview with The Hollywood Reporter in early May 2018, Tambor apologized for some of his past actions that led to the accusations, and mentioned one "blowup" he had with Jessica Walter during production of the series.[110] With the press buildup towards the premiere of the fifth season, Walter was asked about the incident during a cast interview with The New York Times. She became emotional, stating that in "almost 60 years of working, I’ve never had anybody yell at me like that on a set and it's hard to deal with, but I’m over it now."[111] She went on to say that "He never crossed the line on our show, with any, you know, sexual whatever. Verbally, yes, he harassed me, but he did apologize. I have to let it go."[111]

text: With regards to Tambor's behavior, Jason Bateman stated that in "the entertainment industry it is incredibly common to have people who are, in quotes, 'difficult.'" He added that acting is "a weird thing, and it is a breeding ground for atypical behavior and certain people have certain processes." Tony Hale said that "We all have bad moments", while David Cross suggested that Tambor's outbursts were a "cumulative effect", which The Daily Beast criticized as appearing to suggest that Walter had "asked for it."[112] Alia Shawkat came to Walters' defense, stating that being difficult "doesn't mean it's acceptable" to treat someone badly.[111] After outlets criticized the men's statements for 'normalizing' the harassment, Hale, Bateman, and Cross issued apologies to Walter.[113][114][115]

text: In response to The New York Times interview controversy, Netflix cancelled the show's press tour in the UK, which most of the cast was scheduled to participate in. Michael Cera stated in an interview with Newsbeat that he was aware of the incident between Tambor and Walter, but wasn't present when it happened. He additionally stated: "Obviously I have to give a lot of consideration to whether I take jobs with anyone and think about how it affects people."[116]