document_title: New Orleans Saints

question_text: how many times have the saints won a superbowl

question_tokens: how many times have the saints won a superbowl

text: New Orleans Saints

text: History[edit]

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text: Early history[edit]

text: First the brainchild of local sports entrepreneur Dave Dixon, who later built the Louisiana Superdome and founded the USFL, the Saints were actually secretly born in a backroom deal brought about by U.S. Congressman Hale Boggs, U.S. Senator Russell Long, and NFL Commissioner Pete Rozelle. The NFL needed congressional approval of the proposed AFL–NFL merger.[10] Dixon and a local civic group had been seeking an NFL franchise for over five years and had hosted record crowds for NFL exhibition games. To seal the merger, Rozelle arrived in New Orleans within a week, and announced on November 1, 1966, that the NFL officially had awarded the city of New Orleans an NFL franchise. The team was named for the great jazz song most identified with New Orleans – "When the Saints Go Marching In", and it was no coincidence that the franchise's official birth was announced on November 1, which is the Catholic All Saints' Day. When the deal was reached a week earlier, Dixon strongly suggested to Rozelle that the announcement be delayed until then. Dixon told an interviewer that he even cleared the name with New Orleans' Archbishop Philip M. Hannan: "He thought it would be a good idea. He had an idea the team was going to need all the help it could get."[11]

text: Boggs' Congressional committee in turn quickly approved the NFL merger. John W. Mecom Jr., a young oilman from Houston, became the team's first majority stockholder. The team's colors, black and gold, symbolized both Mecom's and New Orleans' strong ties to the oil industry. Trumpeter Al Hirt was part owner of the team, and his rendition of "When the Saints Go Marching In" was made the official fight song.[citation needed]

text: That first season started with a 94-yard opening kickoff return for a touchdown by John Gilliam, but the Saints lost that game 27–13 to the Los Angeles Rams at Tulane Stadium. It was one of the few highlights of a season that ultimately saw the Saints finish 3–11, which set an NFL record for most wins by an expansion team.

text: For most of their first 20 years, the Saints were the definition of NFL futility. They would not finish as high as second in their division until 1979. The 1979 and 1983 teams were the only ones to even finish at .500 until 1987.

text: One of the franchise's early bright moments came on November 8, 1970, when Tom Dempsey kicked an NFL record-breaking 63-yard field goal to defeat the Detroit Lions by a score of 19–17 in the final seconds of the game. The record was not broken until 2013 by Matt Prater of the Denver Broncos.

text: In 1980, the Saints lost their first 14 games, prompting local sportscaster Bernard "Buddy D" Diliberto to advise Saints supporters to wear paper bags over their heads at the team's home games; many bags rendered the club's name as the "'Aints" rather than the "Saints."[6]

text: Jim E. Mora era (1986–1996)[edit]

text: Tom Benson, a successful automobile dealership owner and banker, acquired the franchise in 1985, and hired Jim Finks as general manager and Jim Mora as head coach. That combination provided the Saints with their first-ever winning record and playoff appearance, going 12–3 in 1987, which had one fewer game than normal due to a players' strike. Another playoff berth would follow in 1991, and the club's first division title came in 1991. During Mora's tenure, the Saints made the playoffs four times, with teams marked by strong defenses led by the "Dome Patrol" linebacking corps, but they were never able to win a playoff game. Mora coached the Saints until the middle of the 1996 season, when he stepped down halfway through the 3–13 season. His 93 wins were three more than the Saints won in their entire history prior to his arrival, and would remain the most for any Saints coach until 2016.

text: Mike Ditka era (1997–1999)[edit]

text: After the end of the 1996 season, ironically as Diliberto had suggested before Mora's resignation, former Chicago Bears coach Mike Ditka was hired to replace Mora. Although this initially generated a lot of excitement among Saints fans, Ditka's tenure ended up being a failure. The Saints went 6–10 in their first two seasons under Ditka (1997 and 1998). During the 1999 NFL Draft, Ditka traded all of his picks for that season, as well as the first-round and third-round picks for the following season, to the Washington Redskins in order to draft University of Texas Heisman Trophy running back Ricky Williams in the first round. Ditka and Williams had a mock wedding picture taken to commemorate the occasion. However, Ditka, most of his coaching staff, and general manager Bill Kuharich were fired at the end of the 1999 season due to the club's 3–13 record.

text: Jim Haslett era (2000–2005)[edit]

text: Jim Haslett held the post from 2000 to 2005. In his first year, he took the team to the 2000 playoffs and defeated the defending Super Bowl champion St. Louis Rams for the team's first ever playoff win. The team lost the following week to the Minnesota Vikings. After winning the 2000 NFL Executive of the Year Award, General Manager Randy Mueller was fired between the 2001 and 2002 seasons without explanation by Benson. The Saints failed to make the playoffs in 2001 and 2002, although in the latter year they had the distinction of beating the eventual Super Bowl XXXVII champion Tampa Bay Buccaneers in both of their regular season meetings, only the second team to do so in NFL history.

text: In 2003, the Saints again missed the playoffs after finishing 8–8. The 2004 season started poorly for the Saints, as they went 2–4 through their first six games and 4–8 through their first twelve games. At that point Haslett's job appeared to be in jeopardy; however, he managed to win the three straight games leading up to the season finale, leaving the Saints in playoff contention in the final week of the season. In week 17, the Saints defeated division rivals Carolina; however, the Saints needed other results to break their way and when the St. Louis Rams beat the New York Jets the Saints were eliminated despite having beaten the Rams, who finished with the same record. The Rams, Saints, and Vikings all were 8–8, with the Rams having a 7–5 conference record, Saints 6–6, and the Vikings 5–7. The Rams received the #1 wild-card due to having the best conference record out of the 3, followed by the Vikings due to the 38–31 loss handed to the Saints in Week 6. Haslett was fired after the 2005 season, in which the Saints finished 3–13 and did not play any regular season games in New Orleans due to Hurricane Katrina.

text: Effect of Hurricane Katrina[edit]

text: Due to the damage Hurricane Katrina caused to the Superdome and the New Orleans area, the Saints' scheduled 2005 home opener against the New York Giants was moved to Giants Stadium. The remainder of their 2005 home games were split between the Alamodome in San Antonio, Texas, and LSU's Tiger Stadium in Baton Rouge, Louisiana.

text: Sean Payton era (2006–current)[edit]

text: On January 17, 2006, the Saints hired Sean Payton as their new head coach.

text: 2006 season

text: On March 23, the Saints announced that the team's two 2006 preseason games were to be played at Shreveport, Louisiana, and Jackson, Mississippi. After a $185 million renovation of the historic stadium, on April 6 the Saints released their 2006 schedule, with all home games scheduled to be played at the Superdome. On September 19, Saints owner Tom Benson announced that the team had sold out the Louisiana Superdome for the entire season with season tickets alone (68,354 seats), a first in franchise history.[12]

text: The September 25, 2006 home opener, the first home game in New Orleans after Hurricane Katrina, was won by the Saints 23–3 against the Atlanta Falcons, who were undefeated in the 2006 season at that time. The attendance for the game was a sellout crowd of 70,003. Meanwhile, the broadcast of the game was ESPN's highest-ever rated program to date, with an 11.8 rating, and viewership by 10,850,000 homes. It was the most-watched program for the night, broadcast or cable, and was the second-highest rated cable program of all time at the time. Green Day and U2 performed "Wake Me Up When September Ends" and "The Saints Are Coming", respectively, before the game. The game received a 2007 ESPY award for "Best Moment in Sports." The game is remembered by Saints fans for Steve Gleason's blocked punt on the opening series that resulted in a touchdown for New Orleans.

text: On December 17, 2006, the Saints clinched their third division title and their first NFC South title in franchise history. For the first time in Saints' history, they clinched their NFC South title on their home field. Sean Payton became the second consecutive Saints coach to win a division title in his first season. After the Philadelphia Eagles beat the Dallas Cowboys 23–7 on Christmas Day 2006, the Saints clinched a first-round playoff bye for the first time in franchise history.

text: After the first-round bye, the Saints beat the Philadelphia Eagles 27–24 in the Superdome in the 2006 Divisional Playoffs. No team had ever had such a poor record in the prior year (3–13) and then gone on to a league or conference championship game since the 1999 St. Louis Rams who advanced to win their first Super Bowl after being 4–12 the season before. Since the Saints' only previous playoff win was in the wild card round, this was the farthest the Saints had ever advanced at the time. The victory was only the second playoff win in team history. The season ended on January 21, 2007, when the Saints lost 39–14 to the Chicago Bears in the NFC Championship game.

text: 2007 season

text: The Saints announced that for the second year in a row, the Louisiana Superdome had sold out every ticket for the season.[13] Additionally, all luxury boxes had been sold out for the season.[citation needed] Both of these statistics are particularly surprising given that the city-proper has about 300,000 people or 150,000 fewer people than July 2005 population data (though the metro area still accounts for 1.2 million people).[citation needed]

text: The first game of the season was against the defending Super Bowl XLI champion Indianapolis Colts. The Saints lost this game, 41–10, and lost their next three games. In one of these three games, against the Tennessee Titans, the Saints lost running back Deuce McAllister for the season with his second career (second time in three seasons) ACL tear. After winning their first game, against the Seattle Seahawks, two weeks later, the team went on a four-game winning streak to bring their record to an even 4–4. After reaching 7–7, the Saints lost their final two games to finish 7–9.

text: 2008 season

text: Following a disappointing 7–9 record in the 2007 season, the Saints ended the 2008 season 8–8. Failing to qualify for the post season for the second straight year, the Saints found themselves struggling on defense. However, the Saints would match the explosive offense they had in the 2006 season. Drew Brees ended the 2008 season just 16 yards short of beating Dan Marino's single-season record of 5084 total passing yards, and receiver Lance Moore came 72 yards short of his first 1000-yard season.

text: 2009 season: First Super Bowl championship

text: The 2009 season was the team's most successful season, which culminated in the franchise's first league championship win against the Indianapolis Colts in Super Bowl XLIV. After achieving a record of 13–0 with their win over the Atlanta Falcons, it marked the Saints' best start to a season in its franchise history. The result clinched an NFC playoff berth, a bye in the first round of the playoffs. By winning their first 13 games, the Saints also set the record for the longest undefeated season opening (13–0) by an NFC team since the AFL–NFL merger, surpassing the previous record (12–0) held by the 1985 Chicago Bears. However, they would fall victim to the Dallas Cowboys in week 14, going on to end the season with a three-game losing streak. Saints became the first team to win a Super Bowl after losing its last three regular season games.

text: Although its opponents would include winners of 9 of the last 15 NFL MVP awards, the team advanced to the 2009 NFC Championship game where they defeated the Minnesota Vikings, led by Brett Favre, 31–28 in overtime (at 9:19 CST), earning their first Super Bowl appearance in franchise history. Television ratings for Super Bowl XLIV (44) were the highest for any TV program, sports or otherwise, in history,[14] as their successful bid to win the Super Bowl was seen by many to represent the city's resurgence after the devastating Hurricane Katrina.[15]

text: 2010 season

text: The Saints 2010 season began in the Superdome as the defending Super Bowl champions defeated the Minnesota Vikings 14–9, in a rematch of the 2009 NFC Championship Game. It was played on Thursday September 9, 2010 and televised on NBC, making it the first time the Saints have opened the NFL's season at home. On Sunday, August 8, 2010, NBC announced the televised opening festivities of the evening would begin with Taylor Swift and Dave Matthews Band. On December 27, 2010, with a 17–14 win against the Atlanta Falcons in Atlanta the Saints clinched a playoff appearance (wild card). This marked the first time a team in the NFC South had made back-to-back playoff appearances since the division was formed in 2002. The Saints would face the Seattle Seahawks for the wild-card opener at Qwest Field. The Seahawks were the first NFL team to capture their division with a sub-.500 regular season record (7–9). Drew Brees completed a postseason-record 39 passes for 404 yards and two touchdowns. Despite throwing 60 passes and hindered by a lack of depth at running back, last year's Super Bowl MVP was not intercepted and rallied the Saints within 34–30 in the fourth quarter. In the end, his efforts were negated by a defense that could not get enough stops and a late touchdown run by Marshawn Lynch breaking over a half-dozen tackles with 3:22 left which helped the Seahawks defeat the Saints 41–36.

text: 2011 season

text: The Saints began their season with a loss against the Green Bay Packers, but the team rebounded for the next four weeks to bring their record to 4–1. A loss to the Tampa Bay Buccaneers brought the record to 4–2, but the team bounced back with a 62–7 blowout win against the struggling Indianapolis Colts. A surprise loss to the St. Louis Rams resulted in the record dropping to 5–3. In the next seven weeks the Saints beat talented teams such as the eventual Super Bowl XLVI champion New York Giants, Detroit Lions, and Atlanta Falcons, bringing their season record to 12–3. To cap off the season, quarterback Drew Brees broke the single season passing record held for over 25 years, on the way to a Saints division winning game. The Saints won the NFC South title on December 26 and ended the 2011 season as the 3rd Seed in the NFC. They finished with a 13–3 record, beating Carolina 45–17 and also giving running back Darren Sproles the record for most all-purpose yards in a single season. The team broke numerous records that year including most yards in a season, completion percentage, yards passing, completions and more. The New Orleans Saints beat the Detroit Lions in the 2011 NFC wild-card playoff game 45–28. New Orleans also tied the NFL's postseason mark for team first downs in a game (34), and broke the record for total yards with 626, eclipsing the yardage record set 49 years ago. The Saints lost Saturday, January 14, 2012 in the Divisional round in the playoffs against the San Francisco 49ers in Candlestick Park. A game that was considered an instant classic by many as the game saw numerous lead changes in the final 4 minutes of play.

text: 2012 season: Payton suspended; punishment for Bountygate

text: After an offseason dominated by news of the bounty scandal and the year-long suspension of head coach Sean Payton, the Saints sought to refocus on football and produce yet another winning year. Instead, the team, led by offensive line coach Aaron Kromer for its first six games, started the season with four straight losses and a last place spot in the NFC South. The team finally broke through with a win in Week 5, against the San Diego Chargers, a game that also saw quarterback Drew Brees break Johnny Unitas's longstanding record for consecutive games with a touchdown pass. After their scheduled bye, the Saints went on to win 4 of their next 5 games, to bring their record to an even 5–5. Joe Vitt returned after his six-game suspension to serve as interim head coach for the rest of the season. The team failed to hold its momentum, however, and lost the next three games, including a loss at Atlanta that also marked the end of Brees' record touchdown streak after 54 games, and a 52–27 blowout loss to the Giants that dropped the Saints to 5–8. Despite winning 2 of their last 3 games, and Brees again leading the league with 5,177 passing yards (his third time to surpass 5,000 yards, as he remained the only quarterback to break that barrier more than once), the team finished tied for last in the NFC South, at 7–9. The Saints defense allowed 7,042 yards, setting an NFL record.[16]

text: 2013 season

text: The Saints finished their 2013 preseason 3–1, and won their first five regular season games against the Atlanta Falcons, Tampa Bay Buccaneers, Arizona Cardinals, Miami Dolphins and Chicago Bears. The Saints under Sean Peyton had been winless in Chicago's Soldier Field and had not won in the Windy City since 2000. The Saints fared well against Chicago, Arizona and Miami, winning 26–18, 31–7 and 38–17 respectively, but needed a 4th down shutdown and a last-minute field goal to escape Atlanta and Tampa Bay. The Saints went on a 5–0 win streak, but were stopped short by the New England Patriots in Week 6, losing 30–27, with a touchdown pass by Tom Brady in the last 5 seconds of the game. New Orleans would go undefeated at home for the second straight season with Sean Payton as the head coach, but finish just 3–5 on the road. Key losses included a 7–34 blowout against the Seattle Seahawks on Monday Night Football in Seattle which cost them homefield advantage throughout the playoffs, a 16–27 upset against the St. Louis Rams in St. Louis which led to the Saints needing to win their next game against Carolina to control their own playoff destiny, and a heartbreaking 13–17 defeat to their division rival the Carolina Panthers in Charlotte who went on to win the NFC South. The Saints finished the season with an 11–5 record and earned a wild card berth as the 6th seed in the NFC. On January 4, 2014, the Saints recorded their first road playoff win in franchise history over the Philadelphia Eagles 26–24. On January 11, the Saints lost to the number 1 seed Seattle Seahawks once again in Seattle 15–23. The weather conditions were very poor, which gave the offense much difficulty. Despite the conditions, the defense of the Saints played well, holding Seattle to just 23 over the 34 points allowed against Seattle during the regular season.

text: 2014 season

text: The Saints finished the season 7–9, second in their division behind the 7–8–1 Carolina Panthers. They missed out on the playoffs after being defeated 14–30 by their divisional rival, the Atlanta Falcons, in the second-to-last week of the season. This season was notorious in Saints history for having the 31st worst ranked defense in the league, which is one of the main reasons for the Saints poor 2014 campaign. The only two great performances by the defense out of the entire season came from a 44–23 home win against the Green Bay Packers and a 31–15 victory against the Chicago Bears in Chicago.

text: 2015 season

text: The Saints finished with a 7-9 record for the second consecutive season. They were third in the NFC South after the 15-1 NFC champions Carolina Panthers and the 8-8 Atlanta Falcons. Their defense was historically bad. They allowed the most passing touchdowns in a season in NFL history as they allowed 45, effectively making them the worst passing defense in NFL history. They also set the NFL record in opposing passer rating (116.2), while finishing last in points allowed (29.8) and yards allowed per play (6.6).[17] Atrocious play by defensive captain Brandon Browner, who set the NFL record for most penalties with 23, did not help the struggling Saints defense. Defensive coordinator Rob Ryan was fired near the half-way point in the season and was replaced by senior defensive assistant Dennis Allen.[18] The Saints had strong play from their 2015 draft class. The Saints first pick Andrus Peat started at right tackle and left guard at certain points in the season, and other first-round pick Stephone Anthony finished his rookie season with 112 tackles, one sack, one interception, and two forced fumbles. He had two scores, both coming against the Carolina Panthers and led all rookies in tackles. Second-round pick Hau'oli Kikaha had 4 sacks. Canadian football star Delvin Breaux, who was signed in the offseason, led the Saints struggling secondary with 3 interceptions and 19 pass deflections. Drew Brees also tied the NFL record for touchdown passes in a game with 7, coming against the New York Giants.[19]

text: 2009–2011 bounty scandal[edit]

text: After a lengthy investigation conducted by the National Football League's security department, the league alleged on March 2, 2012, that 22 to 27 defensive players on the New Orleans Saints maintained a "pay for performance" program that included "bounty" payments administered by defensive coordinator Gregg Williams during the 2009, 2010, and 2011 seasons. NFL Commissioner Roger Goodell stated, "The payments here are particularly troubling because they involved not just payments for 'performance,' but also for injuring opposing players." The report also found out that head coach Sean Payton was aware of the allegations, but failed to stop the program. The league also said that Mickey Loomis, the Saints' general manager, was directed to end the program by owner Tom Benson, but actually did not. The memo released to NFL teams found Payton and Loomis guilty of "conduct detrimental" to the league.[20]

text: On March 3, 2012, Benson addressed the bounty payments controversy on the Saints' website, stating, "I have been made aware of the NFL's findings relative to the "Bounty Rule" and how it relates to our club. I have offered and the NFL has received our full cooperation in their investigation. While the findings may be troubling, we look forward to putting this behind us and winning more championships in the future for our fans."[21]

text: On March 21, 2012, Commissioner Goodell announced that, as a result of the bounty scandal and the NFL's investigation, Sean Payton has been suspended for one year, Gregg Williamsn was suspended indefinitely, and Mickey Loomis was suspended for the first eight regular season games. The Saints were also fined $500,000 and had to forfeit their second round draft picks in 2012 and 2013 respectively. Saints assistant coach Joe Vitt also was suspended six games and fined $100,000. Payton's suspension was effective on April 1, 2012, and all the suspensions were without pay. Goodell was particularly upset, that the Saints had lied about the scheme on two separate investigations.[22]

text: On May 2, 2012, it was announced that four players who played for the team between 2009 and 2011 would receive suspensions for their alleged participation in "Bountygate": Saints linebacker Jonathan Vilma (16 games), Saints defensive lineman Will Smith (4 games), former Saints/retired linebacker Scott Fujita (3 games), and former Saints/current Packers defensive lineman Anthony Hargrove (8 games).[23]

text: Most of the players who were the targets of questionable hits by the Saints, including Favre and Warner, claimed that the bounties were merely part of the game.[24] However, several former players interviewed by Sports Illustrated said that while payments for good hits and sacks were indeed considered part of the game, bounties for intentionally injuring opponents violated an unwritten code.

text: However, on July 26, 2012, Jonathan Vilma and seven other witnesses from the Saints testified in front of a federal judge in New Orleans that NFL commissioner Roger Goodell got his facts wrong in the bounty scandal. "Everybody was sworn in under oath in front of a judge with the risk of perjury and jail time if we were lying, and categorically denied there was a bounty", Vilma said in a text message to ESPN's Ed Werder. "Seven people testified, 2 sworn affidavits (one by Drew Brees) all saying the same thing. I ask that you and ESPN report the facts. No more bias or b.s. or hearsay. I gave you facts that you can report if so choose."[25]

text: Tulane University Sports Law Program Director Gabe Feldman (who attended the hearing in court) said, "Clearly the judge, by her questions, indicated she thinks Goodell overstepped his authority, and this case was always going to be about if he executed his power fairly... The NFL's retort is that with all due deference, you don't get to second guess (commissioner Roger Goodell). Judges only have limited jurisdiction over arbitration issues."[26]

text: Saints All-Pro quarterback Drew Brees made a controversial tweet on June 20, 2012, stating, "If NFL fans were told there were 'weapons of mass destruction' enough times, they'd believe it. But what happens when you don't find any????" Brees immediately issued another statement to clarify, "My WMD comment has nothing to do with politics or our brave military. Merely an analogy to show how media influences public perception." He went on to say, "I apologize if the WMD comment offended anyone. Especially our military. There is no one I respect more than our service men and women."[27]

text: On March 15, 2018, the Saints' owner Tom Benson died from flu at the age of 90 after he was hospitalized on February 16, 2018.[28] Benson's wife Gayle Benson will succeed him as Saints and NBA's New Orleans Pelicans owner.

text: Logos and uniforms[edit]

text: Black, along with old gold and white, has always been one of the team colors, but it was not the first choice of original majority owner John W. Mecom Jr. His preference was for Mecom blue, a medium shade which was used by all of his other investments. The NFL office, however, informed him that his proposed combination too closely resembled that worn by the San Diego Chargers. Although the Chargers were members of the AFL, the older league did not want to offend its soon-to-be partner so soon after the merger. Mecom settled on black as the primary color as a nod to his financial involvement in the petroleum industry. "Black gold" is a term synonymous with oil.[29] Although the Pittsburgh Steelers—who played a few home games in New Orleans during their early years to avoid conflict with the Pittsburgh Panthers football team—have long used black and gold as their colors, their shade of gold more closely resembles yellow, making the Saints black and gold compatible with the rest of the NFL.

text: Except for minor modifications, the Saints' logo and uniforms have basically remained the same since the club debuted in 1967. The team's logo is a fleur-de-lis (a symbol of the City of New Orleans and of France's Royal Family, which included the House of Bourbon), while its uniform design consists of gold helmets, gold pants, and either black or white jerseys. Minor changes to the uniform stripes and trim have been made throughout the years. The team wore black helmets during the 1969 preseason, but NFL commissioner Pete Rozelle barred the Saints from using the helmets during the regular season, since Mecom did not notify the league office of the change.

text: The Saints predominantly wore white at home when the club played at Tulane Stadium from 1967 through 1974 (except in 1969 and 1970), forcing opponents to suffer in their darker jerseys in the subtropical climate of New Orleans. When the surface at Tulane Stadium switched from natural grass to PolyTurf in 1971, field temperatures became hotter still. In Archie Manning's first game, in the 1971 season opener against the Los Angeles Rams, temperatures on the field reached as high as 130 °F (54 °C). The heavily favored Rams wilted in the stifling heat, and the Saints claimed their first-ever victory over their NFC West rivals, 24–20, on Manning's one-yard quarterback sneak on the last play of the game.

text: The Saints switched to white pants in 1975, coinciding with the team's move from Tulane Stadium to the Superdome, and have worn white at home numerous times since then. One year later, they started to wear black pants with their white jerseys, a move influenced by coach Hank Stram, who introduced red pants to the Kansas City Chiefs' uniforms in 1968. In an October 3, 1976 home game against the Houston Oilers, Hank Stram used the Saints' road uniforms, the white jerseys and black pants. The Saints lost that game 31–26. During the 1981–82 seasons (Bum Phillips' first two seasons as coach), the team wore white jerseys with black pants at home, but reverted to the black jerseys and white pants for 1983. They reverted to wearing gold pants with both their black and white jerseys in 1986 under new coach Jim E. Mora. From 1986 through 1995, the sleeves of the jerseys and sides of the pants featured a logo with a fleur-de-lis inside an outline of the state of Louisiana (with the location of New Orleans marked with a star in the state outline). The logo replaced the striping pattern that had been on the uniforms since the team's inception; save for color variations, the striping pattern was similar to that used by the Washington Redskins (until 1979), Green Bay Packers (until 1997), and Cleveland Browns (until 2014), which is likely why the change was made. That logo was removed in 1996 and replaced with a fleur-de-lis on both the sleeves and sides of the pants.

text: From 1996 through 1998, the Saints returned to gold numbers on both the white and black jerseys, but complaints about the numbers on the white jerseys being too difficult to read forced the numbers on the white jerseys to be changed to black in 1999. The Saints wore black pants with a wide gold stripe with their white jerseys in 1999, but following a 3–13 season and the dismissal of coach Mike Ditka, the black pants were mothballed by new coach Jim Haslett.

text: In 2000, the Saints won their first playoff game as they hosted the St. Louis Rams, and after having a better road record than home record, they wore their white jerseys, and won 31–28 over the defending champion Rams. The defining play of the game came with the Saints clinging to a three-point lead with minutes to play. The Saints punted to the Rams' Az-Zahir Hakim (who would play one season for the Saints in 2005), who fumbled the punt deep in Rams' territory. Brian Milne recovered for the Saints, who then ran out the clock to preserve the victory.

text: In 2001, they wore their white jerseys in the first six home games. During that same year, they primarily wore black pants with both their white and black jerseys. They became the first NFL team to wear all-black uniforms in a week 5 road game against the Carolina Panthers, and again in weeks 16 and 17 in home games against the Washington Redskins and San Francisco 49ers; the Saints were outscored 78–10 in the final two contests to end a 7–9 campaign.

text: In 2002, the Saints wore black pants with their white jerseys (except for the final road game, a 20–13 loss in Cincinnati when they went back to the gold pants), and gold pants with their black jerseys, a gold alternate jersey, and a 1967-style throwback uniform, complete with an accurate 1967-era helmet which featured a larger fleur-de-lis, a darker shade of gold and grey facemasks. But one season later, they stopped using the alternates and again reverted to wearing gold pants with both their black and white jerseys.

text: The team introduced a gold alternate jersey (worn with the black pants) during a December 15, 2002 game versus the Minnesota Vikings, a 32–31 loss, but have never worn them since then. Because of the metallic gold's bright color, the gold jerseys were considered the "light" jersey in the game, so the Vikings wore their purple home jerseys as the "dark" colored team. One team must wear "dark" and one team must wear "light", this was done because of black & white t.v. broadcasts so viewers could tell the teams apart. The only exception being if both teams are wearing throwback uniforms, such as Thanksgiving Classic games. From 2003 through 2007, the New England Patriots had a "light" jersey (their alternate, a bright metallic silver) that is not white in which the other team would wear their colored, or "dark" jerseys against them since the third jersey rule was implemented in the NFL in 2002.

text: The Saints also introduced a 1967-style throwback uniform in a 23–20 win on December 1, 2002, against the Tampa Bay Buccaneers. This uniform was not worn again until a 40–33 win against the Houston Texans on September 25, 2011, and also on November 6, 2011, against the Tampa Bay Buccaneers in a 27–16 Saints win. However, the 2011 throwbacks use the current-helmet, meaning the shades of gold on the helmet and jersey do not match.

text: In 2006, to honor their return to Louisiana, the Saints wore a patch on their uniforms with an outline of the State of Louisiana with a fleur-de-lis superimposed, similar to the logo from the 1980s.

text: The Saints originally planned to wear white jerseys at home for the 2006 season, but during the season, the players voted to wear the black jerseys at home after the second game. Since the team had informed the NFL office that they planned to wear white jerseys at home, each of the Saints' remaining home opponents would have to agree to New Orleans' request. The Atlanta Falcons, Tampa Bay Buccaneers and Cincinnati Bengals did not agree to the switch, forcing the Saints to wear white jerseys for those games.

text: Starting in week 13 of the 2006 season, the Saints wore black pants with the black jerseys against the San Francisco 49ers, and in a Week 16 game in The Meadowlands against the New York Giants (a 30–7 Saints win), the Saints wore the black pants with their road white jerseys. The Saints later stuck with the black pants in their 2006 playoff run.

text: Since 2008, the Saints have worn white jerseys at home for preseason games and early regular season home games.

text: In 2009, the Saints wore the black pants only once, beating St. Louis 28–23. They wore the white jerseys/gold pants combination during the Super Bowl XLIV victory over the Indianapolis Colts. In 2012, the Saints wore black pants 12 times and wore gold pants 4 times. In 2013, gold pants were used only 7 times (including playoffs).

text: Stadium[edit]

text: The Mercedes-Benz Superdome is the Saints' home stadium. It has a listed seating capacity of 76,468 (expanded) or 73,208 (not expanded). The Saints own a perfect record there against the Houston Texans (2-0) and Jacksonville Jaguars (3-0), but a winless one against the Baltimore Ravens (0–2).

text: Rivals[edit]

text: Divisional rivals[edit]

text: Atlanta Falcons[edit]

text: The Saints' oldest rival are the Atlanta Falcons. The Falcons lead the rivalry series 49–45. The two clubs joined the NFL within a year of each other as expansion teams and have played each other twice a season since the Saints joined the league in 1967.

text: Tampa Bay Buccaneers[edit]

text: The Saints have a developing rivalry with the Tampa Bay Buccaneers, who have been part of the NFC South with the Saints since 2002.

text: The teams actually played each other quite often as non-division rivals. Between 1977 and 2001, there were only five years in which the teams did not play. This includes 12 years in a row from 1981 to 1992 – all as a result of the scheduling formulas in place prior to 2002 (this remains a record for most consecutive years in which two teams not from the same division met each other).

text: The Saints won 13 of 20 games as non-division opponents. Since becoming division rivals, the Saints have the edge in the series, winning 16 games to the Bucs' 10.

text: One notable pre-division game is a 1977 matchup that resulted in Tampa Bay's first win in franchise history coming against New Orleans after previously starting out 0–26 overall.

text: Carolina Panthers[edit]

text: The Saints and the Carolina Panthers have been minor rivals since Carolina joined the league as an expansion franchise in 1995. The teams have been divisional rivals since then, originally in the NFC West and then in the NFC South since 2002. This series has been extremely close. As of the end of the 2017 regular season Carolina leads 24–23.

text: Carolina defeated New Orleans on the road every year from 2002 to 2008, a streak of seven seasons. Notable games include Carolina's 19–7 home victory in 1996 that sparked Saints head coach Jim Mora's infamous "Diddley Poo" rant and resignation from the team, Carolina's 10–6 win in the 2002 season finale at the Superdome to knock the Saints out of the playoffs, and the emotional 2005 season opener at Carolina where the Saints won 23–20 in the face of Hurricane Katrina and an eventual 3–13 season. After the bounty scandal broke, it was revealed that the Saints had deliberately targeted Panthers rookie quarterback Cam Newton.

text: In their last game in the 2014 NFL season, a fight between the players broke out in the end zone and spilled out into the tunnel entrance after a Cam Newton touchdown, with Panther's tight end Brandon Williams getting ejected and both teams receiving offsetting penalties. The Panthers won the contest 41–10, with early turnovers by the Saints being a factor in the blowout.[30]

text: On January 7, 2018 the two teams met in the NFL Playoffs for the first time. The Saints beat Carolina, 31-26, in the Wild Card round thus eliminating Carolina.

text: Other rivals[edit]

text: Dallas Cowboys[edit]

text: The New Orleans Saints' rivalry with NFC counterparts Dallas Cowboys is more of a regional rivalry rather than a divisional one as the two franchises have never competed in the same division since the last time both clubs were in the same division, in 1969, as a part of the NFL Capital Division, before the AFL–NFL merger in 1970. Their fanbases overlap in parts of northern Louisiana, such as the Shreveport – Bossier City metropolitan area which borders the state of Texas.[31][32]

text: The teams have played each other 28 times, with New Orleans owning the recent series winning 8 out of the last 10 games. The Saints have won 4 of the last 5 meetings in Dallas, with a 2–1 record at Cowboys Stadium. The all-time series record stands at 12–16, in favor of Dallas. The two teams most recently met on October 4, 2015, which the Saints won 26–20 in overtime in New Orleans. In the teams' most recent meeting at the Superdome, the Saints set a National Football League record of 40 first downs and a franchise record of 625 yards of total offense with Texas native Drew Brees throwing four touchdown passes without any interceptions for the 15th time in his career.[33] Additionally, the Saints' defensive coordinator was Rob Ryan, who had been let go by the Cowboys earlier that year, and Ryan's replacement Monte Kiffin was demoted from the position at the end of the 2013 season.

text: Super Bowl appearance[edit]

text:
Season
Super Bowl
Coach
Location
Stadium
Opponent
Result
Record

2009
XLIV
Sean Payton
Miami Gardens, Florida
Sun Life Stadium
Indianapolis Colts
W 31–17
13–3

Total Super Bowls won:
1

text: Statistics[edit]

text: Season-by-season records[edit]

text: Record vs. opponents[edit]

text: Note: W = Wins, L = Losses, T = Ties

text:
Team
W
L
T
Percent
Last result
Last date
Last locale
Postseason

Jacksonville Jaguars
4
2
0
.667
W 38–27
December 27, 2015
New Orleans, Louisiana

Buffalo Bills
8
4
0
.667
W 47–10
November 12, 2017
Orchard Park, New York

Tampa Bay Buccaneers
32
20
0
.615
L 24–31
December 31, 2017
Tampa, Florida

Baltimore / Indianapolis Colts
7
5
0
.583
W 27–21
October 25, 2015
Indianapolis, Indiana
1–0 postseason

Seattle Seahawks
7
6
0
.538
W 25–20
October 30, 2016
New Orleans, Louisiana
0–2 postseason

Pittsburgh Steelers
8
7
0
.533
W 35–32
November 30, 2014
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

Chicago Bears
15
13
0
.536
W 20–12
October 29, 2017
New Orleans, Louisiana
0–2 postseason

Detroit Lions
13
12
1
.519
W 52–38
October 15, 2017
New Orleans, Louisiana
1–0 postseason

Los Angeles / Oakland Raiders
6
6
1
.500
L 34–35
September 11, 2016
New Orleans, Louisiana

Houston Texans
2
2
0
.500
L 6–24
November 29, 2015
Houston, Texas

St. Louis / Phoenix / Arizona Cardinals
15
15
0
.500
W 48–41
December 18, 2016
Glendale, Arizona
1–0 postseason

Miami Dolphins
6
6
0
.500
W 20–0
October 1, 2017
Wembley, United Kingdom

New York Jets
7
7
0
.500
W 31–19
December 17, 2017
New Orleans, Louisiana

Atlanta Falcons
46
51
0
.474
W 23–13
December 24, 2017
New Orleans, Louisiana
0–1 postseason

Cincinnati Bengals
6
7
0
.462
L 10–27
November 16, 2014
New Orleans, Louisiana

Kansas City Chiefs
5
6
0
.455
L 21–27
October 23, 2016
Kansas City, Missouri

Carolina Panthers
23
24
0
.489
W 31–26
January 7, 2018
New Orleans, Louisiana
1–0 postseason

St. Louis / Los Angeles Rams
33
41
0
.446
L 20–26
November 26, 2017
Los Angeles, California
1–0 postseason

New York Giants
13
16
0
.448
L 13–16
September 18, 2016
East Rutherford, New Jersey

Dallas Cowboys
12
16
0
.429
W 26–20 (OT)
October 4, 2015
New Orleans, Louisiana

San Diego / Los Angeles Chargers
5
7
0
.417
W 35–34
October 2, 2016
San Diego, California

Philadelphia Eagles
11
17
0
.393
L 17–39
October 11, 2015
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
2–1 postseason

Houston Oilers / Tennessee Titans
5
8
1
.393
L 28–34 (OT)
November 8, 2015
New Orleans, Louisiana

San Francisco 49ers
26
47
2
.360
W 41–23
November 6, 2016
Santa Clara, California
0–1 postseason

Minnesota Vikings
10
19
0
.345
L 24–29
January 14, 2018
Minneapolis, Minnesota
1–3 postseason

Green Bay Packers
9
16
0
.360
W 26–17
October 22, 2017
Green Bay, Wisconsin

Washington Redskins
9
17
0
.346
W 34–31 (OT)
November 19, 2017
New Orleans, Louisiana

New England Patriots
4
10
0
.308
L 20–36
September 17, 2017
New Orleans, Louisiana

Cleveland Browns
4
13
0
.235
L 24–26
September 14, 2014
Cleveland, Ohio

Denver Broncos
2
9
0
.182
L 23–25
November 13, 2016
New Orleans, Louisiana

Baltimore Ravens
1
5
0
.167
L 27–34
November 24, 2014
New Orleans, Louisiana

Total
336
429
5
.440

Total including playoffs
343
438
5
.440

text: ** The Saints were designated as the home team for this game.

text: Single-game records[edit]

text:
Passing yards: 510 Drew Brees (November 19, 2006 vs Cincinnati Bengals)
Passing yards per attempt: 16.1 Drew Brees (November 30, 2009 vs New England Patriots)
Passing touchdowns: 7 Drew Brees (November 1, 2015 vs New York Giants) T – NFL record
Passer rating: 158.3 Drew Brees (November 30, 2009 vs New England Patriots) T – NFL record
Consecutive pass completions: 19 Drew Brees (thrice) most recent (November 27, 2017 vs. Los Angeles Rams)
Rushing yards: 206 George Rogers (September 4, 1983 vs St. Louis Cardinals)
Rushing touchdowns: 3 Reggie Bush (December 3, 2006 vs San Francisco 49ers) and Mark Ingram Jr. (November 12, 2017 vs Buffalo Bills)
Receptions: 14 Tony Galbreath (September 10, 1978 at Green Bay Packers)
Receptions, postseason game: 15 Darren Sproles (January 14, 2012 at San Francisco 49ers)
Receiving yards: 205 Wes Chandler (September 2, 1979 vs Atlanta Falcons)
Receiving touchdowns: 4 Joe Horn (December 14, 2003 vs New York Giants)
Punt return yards: 176 Reggie Bush (October 6, 2008 vs Minnesota Vikings)
Kickoff return yards: 304 Tyrone Hughes (October 23, 1994 vs Los Angeles Rams) NFL record
Kickoff return & punt return yards: 347 Tyrone Hughes (October 23, 1994 vs Los Angeles Rams) NFL record
Passes intercepted: 3 Sammy Knight (September 9, 2001 at Buffalo Bills)
Longest interception return: 99 yards Darren Sharper (October 4, 2009 vs New York Jets)
Yards from scrimmage: 237 Deuce McAllister (November 16, 2003 vs Atlanta Falcons)
All-purpose yards: 356 Michael Lewis (October 13, 2002 vs Washington Redskins)
Longest field goal: 63 yards Tom Dempsey (November 8, 1970 vs Detroit Lions)
Field goals: 6 Tom Dempsey (November 16, 1969 at New York Giants)
Total touchdowns: 4 Joe Horn (December 14, 2003 vs New York Giants) & Reggie Bush (December 3, 2006 vs San Francisco 49ers)
Points scored: 24 Joe Horn (December 14, 2003 vs New York Giants) & Reggie Bush (December 3, 2006 vs San Francisco 49ers)
Points scored, team: 62 (October 23, 2011 vs Indianapolis Colts)
Sacks: 4.0 many times, most recently Wayne Martin, (December 21, 1997 vs Detroit Lions)
Margin of victory: 62–7 (October 23, 2011 vs Indianapolis Colts)
First downs: 40 (November 10, 2013 vs Dallas Cowboys) NFL record

text: Single-season records[edit]

text:
Passing attempts: 673 Drew Brees (2016)
Passing completions: 471 Drew Brees (2016) – NFL record
Passing completion percentage: 72.0 Drew Brees (2017) – NFL record
Passing yards: 5,476 Drew Brees (2011)
Passing touchdowns: 46 Drew Brees (2011)
Passing interceptions: 22 Aaron Brooks (2001), Drew Brees (2010)
Passer rating: 110.6 Drew Brees (2011)
Rushing attempts: 378 George Rogers (1981)
Rushing yards: 1,674 George Rogers (1981)
Rushing touchdowns: 13 George Rogers (1981), Dalton Hilliard (1989), and Deuce McAllister (2002)
Receptions: 104 Michael Thomas (2017)
Receiving yards: 1,399 Joe Horn (2004)
Receiving touchdowns: 16 Jimmy Graham (2013)
Quarterback sacks: 17 Pat Swilling (1991) and La'Roi Glover (2000)
Passes intercepted: 10 Dave Whitsell (1967)
Pass interception return yards: 376 Darren Sharper (2009) – NFL record
Pass interceptions returned for touchdowns: 3 Darren Sharper (2009)
Field goals attempts: 41 Tom Dempsey (1969)
Field goals made: 31 Morten Andersen (1985), John Carney (2002), and Wil Lutz (2017)
Points: 147 John Kasay (2011)
Total touchdowns: 18 Dalton Hilliard (1989)
Punt return yards: 625 Michael Lewis (2002)
All-purpose yards: 2,696 Darren Sproles (2011) – NFL record
Yards from scrimmage: 2,157 Deuce McAllister (2003)
Points scored (team): 547 (2011)

text: Career records[edit]

text:
Passing attempts: 7,485 Drew Brees (2006–2017)
Passing completions: 5,097 Drew Brees (2006–2017)
Passing yards: 58,097 Drew Brees (2006–2017)
Passing touchdowns: 408 Drew Brees (2006–2017)
Passer rating: 99.6 Drew Brees (2006–2017)
Passing interceptions: 175 Drew Brees (2006–2017)
Rushing attempts: 1,429 Deuce McAllister (2001–2008)
Rushing yards: 6,096 Deuce McAllister (2001–2008)
Rushing touchdowns: 49 Deuce McAllister (2001–2008)
Receptions: 711 Marques Colston (2006–2015)
Receiving yards: 9,759 Marques Colston (2006–2015)
Receiving touchdowns: 72 Marques Colston (2006–2015)
Quarterback sacks: 123 Rickey Jackson (1981–1993)
Passes intercepted: 37 Dave Waymer (1980–1989)
Field goal attempts: 389 Morten Andersen (1982–1994)
Field goals made: 302 Morten Andersen (1982–1994)
Extra points made: 412 Morten Andersen (1982–1994)
Points: 1,318 Morten Andersen (1982–1994)
Total touchdowns: 72 Marques Colston (2006–2015)
Pass interception return yards: 621 Tom Myers (1972–1981)
Pass interceptions returned for touchdowns: 4 Sammy Knight (1997–2002)
Punt return yards: 1,482 Michael Lewis (2001–2006)
Punt return touchdowns: 4 Reggie Bush (2006–2010)
Kickoff return yards: 5,903 Michael Lewis (2001–2006)
Longest punt: 81 Tom McNeill (1967–1969)
Games: 196 Morten Andersen (1982–1994)

text: Notable players[edit]

text: Pro Football Hall of Famers[edit]

text:
New Orleans Saints in the Pro Football Hall of Fame

Players

No.
Player
Position
Tenure
Inducted
Notes

31
Jim Taylor
FB
1967
1976
Inducted mostly for career with Green Bay Packers

81
Doug Atkins
DE
1967–1969
1982
Inducted mostly for career with Chicago Bears

35
Earl Campbell
RB
1984–1985
1991
Inducted mostly for career with Houston Oilers

57
Rickey Jackson
LB
1981–1993
2010

77
Willie Roaf
OT
1993–2001
2012

16
Ken Stabler
QB
1982–1984
2016
Inducted mostly for career with Oakland Raiders

7
Morten Andersen
K
1982–1994
2017

Coaches and executives

Name
Positions
Tenure
Inducted
Notes

Tom Fears
Coach
1967–1970
1970
Inducted for playing career

Mike Ditka
Coach
1997–1999
1988
Inducted for playing career[34]

Jim Finks
General manager
1986–1993
1995

Hank Stram
Coach
1976–1977
2003
Inducted mostly for coaching career with Kansas City Chiefs (previously Dallas Texans)

Dick Stanfel
Coach
1980
2016
Inducted for playing career

text: Until the selection of Rickey Jackson in 2010, there had been no players in the Hall of Fame who earned their credentials primarily as Saints; the others were chosen for their work with previous teams. However, Jim Finks's tenure as Saints general manager was a significant factor in his selection. When offensive tackle Willie Roaf was selected in 2012, he became the second Saint to earn his Hall of Fame credentials mostly while in New Orleans. Roaf was a member of the NFL's All-Decade team of the 90s.[35]

text: Louisiana Sports Hall of Fame[edit]

text: Pro Bowl players[edit]

text: The following Saints players have been named to at least one Pro Bowl:

text:
QB Drew Brees, Archie Manning
FB Tony Baker
RB Deuce McAllister, Dalton Hilliard, Rueben Mayes, George Rogers, Chuck Muncie, Andy Livingston, Mark Ingram Jr., Alvin Kamara
LT Jammal Brown, William Roaf, Jermon Bushrod
LG Brad Edelman, Jake Kupp, Carl Nicks, Ben Grubbs, Larry Warford
C LeCharles Bentley, Joel Hilgenberg, Jonathan Goodwin
RG Jahri Evans
RT Jon Stinchcomb
TE Hoby Brenner, Henry Childs, Jimmy Graham
WR Joe Horn, Eric Martin, Wes Chandler, Michael Thomas
DE Will Smith, Joe Johnson, Wayne Martin, Renaldo Turnbull, Bruce Clark, Cameron Jordan
DT La'Roi Glover
LB Jonathan Vilma, Mark Fields, Keith Mitchell, Sam Mills, Vaughan Johnson, Pat Swilling, Rickey Jackson, Renaldo Turnbull
CB Tyrone Hughes, Bennie Thompson, Dave Waymer, Dave Whitsell, Marshon Lattimore
SS Roman Harper, Sammy Knight, Tom Myers
FS Darren Sharper
K Morten Andersen, Tom Dempsey
P Mitch Berger, Brian Hansen, Thomas Morstead

text: Super Bowl MVPs[edit]

text:
Super Bowl MVP winners

Game
Player
Position

XLIV
Drew Brees
QB

text: Retired numbers[edit]

text:
New Orleans Saints retired numbers

No.
Player
Position
Tenure

31
Jim Taylor
FB
1967

81
Doug Atkins
DE
1967–1969

text: Ring of Honor[edit]

text: On October 9, 2013, the Saints announced the creation of a Ring of Honor to commemorate former players, administrators and individuals with significant contributions to the franchise.[38] Their names are displayed along the Mercedes-Benz Superdome's Terrace Level fascia.[38] The first three honorees were Archie Manning, Rickey Jackson and Willie Roaf and were officially inducted during halftime of the Saints' game against the Dallas Cowboys on November 10, 2013.[39]

text:
New Orleans Saints Ring of Honor

No.
Name
Position
Tenure
Inducted

8
Archie Manning
QB
1971–1982
2013[39]

57
Rickey Jackson
LB
1981–1993
2013[39]

77
Willie Roaf
OT
1993–2001
2013[39]

7
Morten Andersen
K
1982–1994
2015[40]

text: 45th Anniversary Team[edit]

text: To commemorate the club's 45th anniversary, the New Orleans Saints Hall of Fame selected its All-45th Anniversary Team. The Hall of Fame updates its all-time team every five years, and this latest squad of head coach and players features four standouts from the club's roster at the time of selection: QB Drew Brees, G Jahri Evans, and DE Will Smith as well as head coach Sean Payton.

text: The players are chosen in a vote by the Hall of Fame media selection committee, which includes local and regional media members who cover the Saints now or did so in the past. The All-45th Anniversary Team is as follows, with an asterisk (*) designating those players who have already been inducted into the Hall of Fame:

text: Offense

text:
WR – Eric Martin* (1985–1993)
WR – Joe Horn* (2000–2006)
C – John Hill* (1975–1984)
G – Jim Dombrowski* (1986–1996)
G – Jahri Evans* (2006–2016)
OT – Willie Roaf* (1993–2001)
OT – Stan Brock* (1980–1992)
TE – Hoby Brenner* (1981–1993)
QB – Drew Brees* (2006–present)
RB – Dalton Hilliard* (1986–1993)
RB – Deuce McAllister (2001–2009)

text: Specialists

text:
K – Morten Andersen* (1982–1994)
P – Tommy Barnhardt (1987, 1989–1994, 1999)
ST – Fred McAfee* (1991–1993, 2000–2006)
KR/PR – Michael Lewis* (2001–2006)

text: Defense

text:
DE – Wayne Martin (1989–1999)
DE – Jim Wilks (1981–1993)
DE – Joe Johnson* (1994–1998, 2000–2001)
DE – Will Smith (2004–2012)
LB – Sam Mills* (1986–1994)
LB – Vaughan Johnson* (1986–1993)
LB – Rickey Jackson* (1981–1993)
LB – Pat Swilling* (1986–1992)
CB – Dave Waymer* (1980–1989)
CB – Mike McKenzie (2004–2009)
S – Tommy Myers (1972–1981)
S – Sammy Knight (1997–2002)

text: Coach

text: Sean Payton (2006–present)

text: * Unanimous selection

text: New Orleans Saints Hall of Fame[edit]

text:
New Orleans Saints Hall of Fame

Inducted
No.
Name
Position
Tenure

1988
8
Archie Manning
QB
1971–1982

46
Danny Abramowicz
WR
1967–1973

1989
37
Tommy Myers
S
1972–1981

19
Tom Dempsey
K
1969–1970

1990
17
Billy Kilmer
QB
1967–1970

1991
74
Derland Moore
NT
1973–1985

34
Tony Galbreath
RB
1976–1980

1992
38
George Rogers
RB
1981–1984

50
Jake Kupp
G
1967–1975

62
John Hill
C
1975–1984

1993
58
Joe Federspiel
LB
1972–1980

1994
—
Jim Finks
GM
1986–1993

85
Henry Childs
TE
1974–1980

1995
82
Bob Pollard
DE
1971–1977

81
Doug Atkins
DE
1967–1969

1996
23
Dave Whitsell
CB
1967–1969

44
Dave Waymer
DB
1980–1989

1997
57
Rickey Jackson
LB
1981–1993

67
Stan Brock
T
1980–1992

1998
21
Dalton Hilliard
RB
1986–1993

51
Sam Mills
LB
1986–1994

1999
3
Bobby Hebert
QB
1985–1992

84
Eric Martin
WR
1985–1993

2000
53
Vaughan Johnson
LB
1986–1993

56
Pat Swilling
LB
1986–1992

2001
85
Hoby Brenner
TE
1981–1993

94
Jim Wilks
DE
1981–1993

2002
—
Jim Mora
Coach
1986–1996

73
Frank Warren
DE
1981–1994

2003
93
Wayne Martin
DE
1989–1999

72
Jim Dombrowski
G/T
1986–1996

2004
36
Rueben Mayes
RB
1986–1991

—
Steve Sidwell
Assistant coach
1986–1994

2005–2006 1
61
Joel Hilgenberg
C
1984–1993

2007
94
Joe Johnson
DE
1994–2001

2008
77
Willie Roaf
OT
1993–2001

2009
7
Morten Andersen[41]
K
1982–1994

2010
87
Joe Horn
WR
2000–2006

2011
29
Sammy Knight
DB
1997–2002

2012
26
Deuce McAllister
RB
2001–2008

—
Tom Benson
Team owner
1985–2018

2013
97
La'Roi Glover
DT
1997–2001

2014
2
Aaron Brooks
QB
2000–2005

3
John Carney
K
2001–2006
2009–2010

2015
84
Michael Lewis
WR
2001–2006

33
Tyrone Hughes
DB
1993–1996

2016
91
Will Smith[42]
DE
2004–2013

2017
51
Jonathan Vilma[43]
LB
2008–2013

77
Carl Nicks[43]
G
2008–2011

text: 1 2005 induction ceremonies postponed to October 27, 2006, due to Hurricane Katrina

text: Coaches[edit]

text: Note: Statistics are correct through the 2017 NFL season.

text:
#
Name
Term[N 1]
Regular Season
Playoffs
Achievements[44]
Ref.

GC
W
L
T
Win%
GC
W
L
Win%

1
Tom Fears* ‡
1967–1970*
49
13
34
2
.277
—

[45]

2
J.D. Roberts*
1970–1972*
35
7
25
3
.219
—

[46]

3
John North*
1973–1975*
34
11
23
0
.324
—

[47]

4
Ernie Hefferle*
1975*
8
1
7
0
.125
—

[48]

5
Hank Stram †
1976–1977
28
7
21
0
.250
—

[49]

6
Dick Nolan
1978–1980
44
15
29
0
.341
—

[50]

7
Dick Stanfel*
1980*
4
1
3
0
.250
—

[51]

8
Bum Phillips
1981–1985
69
27
42
0
.391
—

[52]

9
Wade Phillips
1985
4
1
3
0
.250
—

[53]

10
Jim E. Mora
1986–1996
167
93
74
0
.557
4
0
4
.000
AP NFL Coach of the Year (1987)
UPI NFL Coach of the Year (1987)
[54]

11
Rick Venturi
1996
8
1
7
0
.125
—

[55]

12
Mike Ditka ‡
1997–1999
48
15
33
0
.313
—

[56]

13
Jim Haslett
2000–2005
96
45
51
0
.469
2
1
1
.500
AP NFL Coach of the Year (2000)
[57]

15
Aaron Kromer*[N 2]
2012*
6
2
4
0
.333
–

16
Joe Vitt[N 3]
2012
10
5
5
0
.500
–

14
Sean Payton*[N 4]
2006–2011, 2013–
172
105
71
0
.597
11
7
4
.636
AP NFL Coach of the Year (2006)
[58]

text: Current staff[edit]

text:
New Orleans Saints staff

v
t
e

Front Office

Owner – Gayle Benson
President – Dennis Lauscha
Executive Vice President/General Manager – Mickey Loomis
Asst General Manager/College Scouting Director – Jeff Ireland
Vice President of Football Administration – Khai Harley
Director of Operations – James Nagaoka
Director of Pro Scouting – Terry Fontenot

Head Coaches

Head Coach – Sean Payton
Assistant Head Coach/Tight Ends – Dan Campbell
Assistant to the Head Coach – Kevin Petry

Offensive Coaches

Offensive Coordinator – Pete Carmichael
Quarterbacks – Joe Lombardi
Running Backs – Joel Thomas
Assistant Wide Receivers – Ronald Curry
Offensive Line – Dan Roushar
Assistant Offensive Line – Brendan Nugent
Senior Offensive Assistant/Wide Receivers – Curtis Johnson
Offensive Assistant – Joe Brady

Defensive Coaches

Defensive Coordinator – Dennis Allen
Defensive Line – Ryan Nielsen
Linebackers – Mike Nolan
Secondary – Aaron Glenn
Senior Defensive Assistant – Peter Giunta
Defensive Assistant/Linebackers – Michael Hodges
Defensive Assistant – Leigh Torrence
Pass Rush Specialist – Brian Young

Special Teams Coaches

Special Teams Coordinator – Bradford Banta
Assistant Special Teams – Kevin O'Dea

Strength and Conditioning

Head Strength and Conditioning – Dan Dalrymple
Assistant Strength and Conditioning – Charles Byrd
Assistant Strength and Conditioning – Rob Wenning

→ Coaching Staff
→ Management
→ More NFL staffs

AFC East
BUF
MIA
NE
NYJ
North
BAL
CIN
CLE
PIT
South
HOU
IND
JAX
TEN
West
DEN
KC
LAC
OAK

NFC East
DAL
NYG
PHI
WAS
North
CHI
DET
GB
MIN
South
ATL
CAR
NO
TB
West
ARI
LAR
SF
SEA

text: Joe Gemelli Fleur-De-Lis Award[edit]

text: The Joe Gemelli Fleur-De-Lis Award award is given yearly to a person who has contributed to the betterment of the New Orleans Saints organization.[59] The award is named for Joe Gemelli, a New Orleans clothing store owner and an active supporter of sports in the city, who was known as the team's biggest fan.[60]

text:
1989: Al Hirt
1990: Joe Gemelli
1991: Dave Dixon
1992: Charlie Kertz
1993: Wayne Mack
1994: Erby Aucoin
1995: Aaron Broussard
1996: Marie Knutson
1997: Angela Hill
1998: Joe Impastato
1999: Frank Wilson
2000: Bob Remy
2001: Peter "Champ" Clark
2002: Dean Kleinschmidt
2003: Jim Fast
2004: Bob Roesler
2005–06: Bernard "Buddy" Diliberto (2005 induction ceremonies postponed to October 27, 2006, due to Hurricane Katrina)
2007: New Orleans Saints fans[59]
2008: Barra Birrcher[59]
2009: Jerry Romig[41]
2010: Dan "Chief" Simmons and Glennon "Silky" Powell[61]
2011: Bruce Miller
2012: Jim Henderson[62]
2013: Peter Finney
2014: Al Nastasi and Tony Piazza[63]
2015: Doug Thornton[64]
2016: Hokie Gajan[65]
2017: Jay Romig[66]

text: Current roster[edit]

text:
New Orleans Saints roster

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talk
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Quarterbacks

 9 Drew Brees
 7 Taysom Hill
-- Tom Savage

Running backs

33 Trey Edmunds
22 Mark Ingram Jr.
41 Alvin Kamara
36 Daniel Lasco
42 Zach Line FB
27 Jonathan Williams

Wide receivers

85 Dan Arnold
80 Austin Carr
14 Travin Dural
19 Ted Ginn Jr. PR
-- Josh Huff
11 Tommylee Lewis
83 Willie Snead IV
13 Michael Thomas
-- Paul Turner

Tight ends

81 Alex Ellis
82 Coby Fleener
45 Garrett Griffin
89 Josh Hill
84 Michael Hoomanawanui
-- Benjamin Watson

Offensive linemen

72 Terron Armstead T
-- Jermon Bushrod G
77 John Fullington T
69 Gabe Ikard C
75 Andrus Peat T
71 Ryan Ramczyk T
62 Nate Theaker G
-- John Theus T
-- Andrew Tiller G
63 Cameron Tom C
78 Landon Turner G
60 Max Unger C
67 Larry Warford G

Defensive linemen

95 Tyeler Davison DT
96 Woodrow Hamilton DT
91 Trey Hendrickson DE
74 Alex Jenkins DE
90 George Johnson DE
94 Cameron Jordan DE
68 Devaroe Lawrence DT
70 Mitchell Loewen DE
97 Al-Quadin Muhammad DE
57 Alex Okafor DE
93 David Onyemata DT
98 Sheldon Rankins DT

Linebackers

47 Alex Anzalone OLB
99 Adam Bighill OLB
-- Demario Davis MLB
-- Jayrone Elliott OLB
44 Hau'oli Kikaha OLB
53 A. J. Klein OLB
56 Michael Mauti OLB
52 Craig Robertson OLB
59 Shayne Skov OLB
54 Nate Stupar MLB
-- Sae Tautu OLB
51 Manti Te'o MLB

Defensive backs

31 Chris Banjo FS
48 Vonn Bell SS
-- Kurt Coleman FS
20 Ken Crawley CB
34 Justin Hardee CB
21 De'Vante Harris CB
-- Rickey Jefferson S
23 Marshon Lattimore CB
37 Arthur Maulet CB
-- Patrick Robinson CB
-- Bradley Sylve CB
28 Mykkele Thompson S
43 Marcus Williams FS
26 P. J. Williams CB

Special teams

 3 Wil Lutz K
 6 Thomas Morstead P
49 Zach Wood LS

Reserve lists

Currently vacant

Rookies in italics
Roster updated April 5, 2018
Depth chart • Transactions
78 Active, 0 Inactive
→ AFC rosters → NFC rosters

AFC East
BUF
MIA
NE
NYJ
North
BAL
CIN
CLE
PIT
South
HOU
IND
JAX
TEN
West
DEN
KC
LAC
OAK

NFC East
DAL
NYG
PHI
WAS
North
CHI
DET
GB
MIN
South
ATL
CAR
NO
TB
West
ARI
LAR
SF
SEA

text: Cheerleaders[edit]

text: The Saintsations are the cheerleading squad for the Saints. A cheerleading squad has existed since the franchise's founding but the current name was only adopted in 1987.

text: Radio and television[edit]

text: The Saints' flagship station is WWL (870 AM/105.3 FM), one of the oldest radio stations in the city of New Orleans and one of the nation's most powerful as a clear-channel station with 50,000 watts of power.[67] Jim Henderson is the play-by-play announcer, with former Saints running back Deuce McAllister as color commentator. McAllister succeeded another former Saints running back, Hokie Gajan, in the role after Gajan's death on April 11, 2016, from liposarcoma.[68] Henderson has been the play-by-play announcer for Saints radio broadcasts continuously since 1993, and previously held the position from 1986–89. Previous color commentators include former Saints players Archie Manning (QB, 1971–82) and Stan Brock (OT, 1980–91).

text: Most preseason games are televised by WVUE (Channel 8), a station which has been owned by a consortium led by Saints owner Tom Benson since mid-2008, and, as the Fox affiliate for New Orleans, carries the majority of Saints games; both stations also carry a heavy complement of coach and player shows. Tim Brando and Jon Stinchcomb call the preseason games for the Saints .

text: Saints preseason games were previously produced by Cox Sports Television. Beginning in the 2015 season, owing to Raycom Media's management of the station on behalf of Tom Benson's ownership group, production of preseason telecasts were taken over by Raycom Sports under a new multi-year deal, and syndicated to Raycom stations and others around the team's footprint.[69] Regular season games are aired on WWL-TV, the local CBS station whenever they host an AFC opponent (and games vs. NFC opponents cross-flexed from Fox to CBS) and NBC affiliate WDSU via Sunday Night Football.


document_title: U.S. history of alcohol minimum purchase age by state

question_text: when did the us increase the drinking age to 21

root

text: The alcohol laws of the United States regarding minimum age for purchase have changed over time.  This history is given in the table below.  Unless otherwise noted, if different alcohol categories have different minimum purchase ages, the age listed below is set at the lowest age given (e.g. if the purchase age is 18 for beer and 21 for wine or spirits, as was the case in several states, the age in the table will read as "18", not "21").  In addition, the purchase age is not necessarily the same as the minimum age for consumption of alcoholic beverages, although they have often been the same.

tag: p

text:
As one can see in the table below, there has been much volatility in the states' drinking ages since the
repeal of Prohibition in 1933.  Shortly after the ratification of the 21st amendment in December, most states set their purchase ages at 21 since that was the voting age at the time. Most of these limits remained constant until the early 1970s.  From 1969 to 1976, some 30 states lowered their purchase ages, generally to 18. This was primarily because the voting age was lowered from 21 to 18 in 1971 with the 26th amendment. Many states started to lower their minimum drinking age in response, most of this occurring in 1972 or 1973.[1][2][3] Twelve states kept their purchase ages at 21 since repeal of Prohibition and never changed them.

text: From 1976 to 1983, several states voluntarily raised their purchase ages to 19 (or, less commonly, 20 or 21), in part to combat drunk driving fatalities.[citation needed] In 1984, Congress passed the National Minimum Drinking Age Act, which required states to raise their ages for purchase and public possession to 21 by October 1986 or lose 10% of their federal highway funds. By mid-1988, all 50 states and the District of Columbia had raised their purchase ages to 21 (but not Puerto Rico, Guam, or the Virgin Islands, see Additional Notes below). South Dakota and Wyoming were the final two states to comply with the age 21 mandate. The current drinking age of 21 remains a point of contention among many Americans, because of it being higher than the age of majority (18 in most states) and higher than the drinking ages of most other countries. The National Minimum Drinking Age Act is also seen as a congressional sidestep of the tenth amendment. Although debates have not been highly publicized, a few states have proposed legislation to lower their drinking age,[4] while Guam has raised its drinking age to 21 in July 2010.[5]

text:
State
Pre-Prohibition(prior to 1919)
Post-Prohibition(after 1933)
1970s / 26th Amendment(adopted in 1971)
1980s / Drinking Age Act of 1984
21st century

Alabama

Pre 1881:None1881:21 (none with consent of parent)[6]
21
1975:Lowered to 19[7]
1986:Raised to 21[8]
21  (no one underage is allowed consumption Section 28-1)

Alaska

?
21[7]
1970:Lowered to 19[9]
1984:Raised to 21 with grandfather clause (if born before January 1, 1965)[10][11]
21

Arizona

?
21[11]
1972:Lowered to 19[12]
1985:Raised to 21[8]
21

Arkansas

Pre 1925:None[7]1925:21[7]
21
21[13]
21[8]
21

California

Pre 1891:Regulated by municipality/county (common age was 16)[14][15][16]1891:18 (statewide)[17]
1933:21[7]
21
21[8]
21 (except small amounts for religious ceremonies)

Colorado

None[11]
1945:18: for beer21: for wine and liquor[7]
18[18]
Raised to 21 in 1987[8]
21

Connecticut

?
21[11]
1972:Lowered to 18[19]
1982:Raised to 191983:Raised to 201985:Raised to 21[20]
21 (exemptions: (1) a person over age eighteen who is an employee or permit holder under section 30-90a and who possesses alcoholic liquor in the course of such person's employment or business, (2) a minor who possesses alcoholic liquor on the order of a practicing physician, or (3) a minor who possesses alcoholic liquor while accompanied by a parent, guardian or spouse of the minor, who has attained the age of twenty-one. Nothing in this subsection shall be construed to burden a person's exercise of religion under section 3 of article first of the Constitution of the state in violation of subsection (a) of section 52-571b.[21]

Delaware

?
21[11]
1972:Lowered to 20
1984:Raised to 21[8]
21

District of Columbia

?
18: for beer and wine[11]21: for liquor[22][23]
18: for beer and wine[23]21: for liquor
1986:Raised to 21 with grandfather clause.[24][25]
21

Florida

?
18[7]
1980:19[26]
1985:Raised to 21 with grandfather clause[26]
21[27]

Georgia

?
21[11]
1972: Lowered to 18[12]
1984:Raised to 19[13]1985:Raised to 20[13]1986:Raised to 21[13]
21

Hawaii

?
21[7]
1972:Lowered to 18
1986:Raised to 21[8]
21

Idaho

?
20: for beer[28][29]21: for wine and liquor[11][30]
1972:Lowered to 19 (all)[31]
1987:Raised to 21 in 1987 (Apr 11) with grandfather clause[8][32]
21

Illinois

1872:Age of majority (none with written consent of parent)[33]
pre 1961: Age of majority      1961:  Raised to 21[34]
1973:Lowered to 19: for beer and wine21: for liquor[35]
1980:Raised to 21[36]
21

Indiana

?
Post-1934:21[7]
21[13]
21[8]
21

Iowa

?
21[7]
1972:Lowered to 19 in 1972 (Jul 1)1973:Lowered to 18 in 1973 (Jul 1)1978:Raised to 19 in 1978 (Jul 1)[37]
1986:Raised to 21 in 1986 (Jul 1) with grandfather clause.[13][37]
21

Kansas

?
1949:18: for beer and wine with less than 4% ABV21: for liquor[7]
18: for beer and wine with less than 4% ABV[13]21: for beer and wine with 4% ABV or more[13]21: for liquor[13][18]
1985:Raised to 21[8]
21 (However, anyone under 21 may consume cereal malt beverages with parental supervision on their own property)

Kentucky

?
1938:21[7]
21[13]
21[8]
21

Louisiana

?
As of 1948:18
18[18]
1987:Raised to 21 de jure in 1987,[8]but de facto age was still 18 until 1995 due to a sale loophole.1995:De facto age raised to 21 in 1995 when loophole was closed.[38]1996:In 1996, briefly lowered by Louisiana Supreme Court to 18 until it reversed its decision, raising to 21 three months later.[39]Other exceptions still remain.[40]
21 (Exceptions to state law include:[41]
For an established religious purpose;When a person under twenty-one years of age is accompanied by a parent, spouse, or legal guardian twenty-one years of age or older;For medical purposes when purchased as an over the counter medication, or when prescribed or administered by a licensed physician, pharmacist, dentist, nurse, hospital, or medical institution;In a private residence, which shall include a residential dwelling and up to twenty contiguous acres, on which the dwelling is located, owned by the same person who owns the dwelling;The sale, handling, transport, or service in dispensing of any alcoholic beverage pursuant to lawful ownership of an establishment or to lawful employment of a person under twenty-one years of age by a duly licensed manufacturer, wholesaler, or retailer of beverage alcohol.)

Maine

?
21[7]1969:Lowered to 20
1972:Lowered to 18[12]1977:Raised to 20[8][42]
1985:Raised to 21[8]
21

Maryland

?
21[7]
1974:Lowered to 18: for beer and wine21: for liquor[43][44]
1982:Raised to 21 with grandfather clause for those born June 30, 1964 or earlier[45][8][46]
21 (however anyone can drink when parents, spouses, teachers are present)

Massachusetts

?
21[11]
1973:Lowered to 181979:Raised to 20 in 1979 (Apr 16)[47][48][49]
Raised to 21 in 1985[8]
21

Michigan

?
21[7]
1972:Lowered to 18 in 1972 (Jan 1)[50]
1978:Raised to 19 in 1978 (Dec 3)[51][52]1978:Raised to 21 in 1978 (Dec 21), 18 days later.[8]First state to raise age to 21 since it was lowered
21

Minnesota

?
21[11]
1973:Lowered to 18 (June 1)1976:Raised to 19 (Sept 1)[53]First state to raise age after lowering.

1986:Raised to 21[54]
21

Mississippi

?
1966:18: for beer and wine21: for liquor[7](alcohol not legalized until 1966)
18[18]
Raised to 21 in 1986[8]
21

Missouri

?
1945:21[7]
21
21[8]
21

Montana

?
21[11]
1971:Lowered to 19[55]1973:Lowered to 18[56][57]1979:Raised to 19
1987:Raised to 21[8][58]
21

Nebraska

?
21[59]1969:Lowered to 20
1972:Lowered to 19[59]
1980:Raised to 20[13]1985:Raised to 21[13]
21

Nevada

?
1933:21[7]
21
21[8]
21

New Hampshire

?
21[11]
1973:Lowered to 18[60]1979:Raised to 20
1985:Raised to 21[8][20]
21

New Jersey

Before 1880:NonePost-1880:18 (penalties only against businesses)[61][62][63]
21[citation needed]
1973:Lowered to 18[12]
1980:Raised to 191983:Raised to 21[8][64]
21

New Mexico

?
1934:21[7]
21[13]
21[8]
21

New York

21
18[65]
18
1982:Raised to 19 in 1982 (Dec)1985:Raised to 21 in 1985 (Dec)[20][66][67]
21

North Carolina

?
18[11]
18: for beer and wine[18] 21: for liquor
1983:19: for beer and wine 21: for liquor1986:Raised to 21 in 1986 (Sep 1)[8][25]
21

North Dakota

?
1936:21[7]
21[13]
21[68]
21

Ohio

?
1935:18: for 3.2% ABW beer21: for beer stronger than 3.2% ABW, wine and liquor[69]
18: for 3.2% ABW beer21: for beer stronger than 3.2% ABW, wine and liquor
1982 (Aug. 19 to Oct. 1):19: for 3.2% ABW beer[13]21: for beer stronger than 3.2% ABW, wine and liquor[13]1982 (From Oct. 1):19: beer21: wine and liquor[70]1988:21[13]
21 (However, anyone can drink with parents or legal-age spouse)

Oklahoma

?
Men:21Women:18: 3.2% ABW beer21: for beer stronger than 3.2% ABW, wine and liquor[71]
1976:Lowered to 18 (for 3.2% ABW beer) for both sexes in 1976 (Dec)[72]Last state to lower the drinking age.
1983:Raised to 21[11][73]
21

Oregon

?
1933:21[7]
21
21[8]
21

Pennsylvania

?
1935:21[7]
21
21[8][52]
21

Rhode Island

?
21[11]
1970:Lowered to 18[12][74]
1980:Raised to 191981:Raised to 201984:Raised to 21[20]
21

South Carolina

21[75]
1935:18: for beer and wine21: for liquor[7]
18: for beer and wine[18]21: for liquor
1984:19: for beer and wine[7]21: for liquor1986:Raised to 21[8]
21

South Dakota

?
1934:21 (all)1939:Lowered to 18: for 3.2% beerRaised to 19: for 3.2% beer[76]
1972:18: for beer and wine21: for liquor
1984:19: for beer and wine21: for liquor[8]1988:Raised to 21[58]
21

Tennessee

Pre 1881:None1881:21[77]
21[7]1964:Lowered to 18[7]
1979:Raised to 19
1984:Raised to 21[8]
21

Texas

Pre 1909:21None (with written permission of parent or guardian)Post 1909:21[78][79]
21[7]
1973:Lowered to 18[80]
1981:Raised to 19[81]1986:Raised to 21 in 1986 (Sep 1)[8][25]
21

Utah

?
1935:21[7]
21[13]
21[8]
21

Vermont

?
21[7]
1971:Lowered to 18[82][83]
1986:Raised to 21[20][83]
21

Virginia

?
21[84]
1974:Lowered to 18: for beer and wine(21: for liquor remained)[84]
1981:Raised to 19 for off-premises consumption1983:Raised to 19 (all beer)1985:Raised to 21[84]
21

Washington

Age of majoritysince 1877[85]
21[citation needed]
21
21[8]
21

West Virginia

?
18: for beer and wine 21: for liquor[11]
1972:Lowered to 18 (all)[86]
1983:Raised to 19(& 21 for non-residents)[8][42]1986:Raised to 21[8]
21

Wisconsin

1839–1866:18: for wine and liquorNone: for beerPost-1866:21 (all)[87]
18: for beer21: for wine and spirits1957:21: for residents of bordering states with age limit 21.[88]1963:Raised to 21 (off-premises beer sales, remained 18 for on-premises).[88]
1972:Lowered to 18 (all) in 1972 (Mar)[88]1977:Border state restriction lifted.[88]
1984:Raised to 191986:Raised to 21 (September 1, 1986)[88]
21 (however anyone can drink when parents, spouses, teachers are present)[citation needed]

Wyoming

?
21[7]
1973:Lowered to 19
1988:Raised to 21 in 1988 (Jul 1)[89][90]Last state to raise de jure drinking age to 21
21

American Samoa

?
?
?
21?
21[91]

Northern Mariana Islands

–
–
?
21?
21[92]

Puerto Rico

?
18
18
Kept at 18despite highway fundingpenalty under Drinking Age Act.
18[93]

Virgin Islands

?
?
?
18
18[94]

Guam

?
21?
18
18
Raised to 21 in 2010[5]

tag: table

text: Additional notes[edit]

text:
Contrary to popular belief, since the National Minimum Drinking Age Act of 1984, not all states specifically prohibit minors' and young adults' consumption of alcohol in private settings.  That is because the federal law is concerned only with purchase and public possession, not private consumption, and contains several exceptions. As of January 1, 2007, 14 states and the District of Columbia ban underage consumption outright, 19 states do not specifically ban underage consumption outright, and 17 states have family member or location exceptions to their underage consumption laws. Federal law explicitly provides for religious, medical, employment and private club possession exceptions; as of 2005, 31 states have family member or location exceptions to their underage possession laws.[40]
In the 1960s the age for buying or drinking beer and wine in the District of Columbia (Washington, D.C.) was 18; the age for hard liquor was 21.[22][23] Residents from Virginia and Maryland would often drive to D.C. to obtain alcohol. In Louisiana, the 1987 law raising the age from 18 to 21 was deliberately written solely to comply with the National Minimum Drinking Age Act of 1984 to avoid losing highway funding, while still allowing 18- to 20-year-olds to drink as before.  Not only did it still allow 18- to 20-year-olds to consume in private, it contained a major loophole allowing bars and stores to sell alcohol to 18- to 20-year-olds without penalty (despite purchase being technically illegal) which meant that the de facto age was still 18.[38] In other words, the drinking age was 21 only on paper. This loophole was closed in 1995, but in 1996 the Louisiana Supreme Court declared a drinking age of 21 unconstitutional.[38]  That briefly lowered the de jure purchase age to 18, causing an uproar which prompted the Louisiana Supreme Court to reverse its decision, raising the age to 21 three months later.[39] Other exceptions still remain to this day, including drinking in a private residence,[40] and Louisiana still has some of the most liberal general alcohol laws of any state.
Some states were "dry" well before national Prohibition was enacted in 1919, in some cases since achieving statehood.  Also, some states did not become fully "wet" until several years after the repeal of Prohibition in 1933 (e.g. Mississippi in 1966).  Since 1966, all states and territories of the USA have been "wet", but dry counties and towns still exist in some states.

tag: ul