document_title: 2014 FIFA World Cup statistics

question_text: who scored the first goal of fifa wc 2014

text: 2014 FIFA World Cup statistics

text: Goalscorers[edit]

text: The winner of the Golden Boot was James Rodríguez.

text: James Rodríguez

text: Thomas Müller

text:
Lionel Messi
 Neymar
 Robin van Persie

text:
Enner Valencia
 Karim Benzema
 André Schürrle
 Arjen Robben
 Xherdan Shaqiri

text:
Abdelmoumene Djabou
 Islam Slimani
 Tim Cahill
 David Luiz
 Oscar
 Alexis Sánchez
 Jackson Martínez
 Bryan Ruiz
 Mario Mandžukić
 Ivan Perišić
 Mario Götze
 Mats Hummels
 Miroslav Klose
 Toni Kroos
 André Ayew
 Asamoah Gyan
 Wilfried Bony
 Gervinho
 Memphis Depay
 Ahmed Musa
 Clint Dempsey
 Luis Suárez

text:
Yacine Brahimi
 Sofiane Feghouli
 Rafik Halliche
 Ángel Di María
 Gonzalo Higuaín
 Marcos Rojo
 Mile Jedinak
 Kevin De Bruyne
 Marouane Fellaini
 Romelu Lukaku
 Dries Mertens
 Divock Origi
 Jan Vertonghen
 Edin Džeko
 Vedad Ibišević
 Miralem Pjanić
 Avdija Vršajević
 Fernandinho
 Fred
 Thiago Silva
 Joël Matip
 Charles Aránguiz
 Jean Beausejour
 Jorge Valdivia
 Eduardo Vargas
 Pablo Armero
 Juan Cuadrado
 Teófilo Gutiérrez
 Juan Quintero
 Joel Campbell
 Óscar Duarte
 Marco Ureña
 Ivica Olić
 Wayne Rooney
 Daniel Sturridge
 Olivier Giroud
 Blaise Matuidi
 Paul Pogba
 Moussa Sissoko
 Mathieu Valbuena
 Sami Khedira
 Mesut Özil
 Sokratis Papastathopoulos
 Georgios Samaras
 Andreas Samaris
 Carlo Costly
 Reza Ghoochannejhad
 Mario Balotelli
 Claudio Marchisio
 Keisuke Honda
 Shinji Okazaki
 Giovani dos Santos
 Andrés Guardado
 Javier Hernández
 Rafael Márquez
 Oribe Peralta
 Daley Blind
 Stefan de Vrij
 Leroy Fer
 Klaas-Jan Huntelaar
 Wesley Sneijder
 Georginio Wijnaldum
 Peter Odemwingie
 Cristiano Ronaldo
 Nani
 Silvestre Varela
 Aleksandr Kerzhakov
 Aleksandr Kokorin
 Koo Ja-cheol
 Lee Keun-ho
 Son Heung-min
 Xabi Alonso
 Juan Mata
 Fernando Torres
 David Villa
 Blerim Džemaili
 Admir Mehmedi
 Haris Seferović
 Granit Xhaka
 John Brooks
 Julian Green
 Jermaine Jones
 Edinson Cavani
 Diego Godín

text:
Sead Kolašinac (against Argentina)
 Marcelo (against Croatia)
 John Boye (against Portugal)
 Noel Valladares (against France)
 Joseph Yobo (against France)

text: Source: FIFA[1]

text: Assists[edit]

text: Juan Cuadrado and Toni Kroos topped the assists table with four assists during the tournament.

text:
Juan Cuadrado
 Toni Kroos

text:
Karim Benzema
 André Schürrle

text:
Kevin De Bruyne
 Eden Hazard
 Alexis Sánchez
 Abel Aguilar
 James Rodríguez
 Christian Bolaños
 Walter Ayoví
 Mathieu Valbuena
 Philipp Lahm
 Thomas Müller
 Mesut Özil
 Serge Aurier
 Daley Blind
 Daryl Janmaat
 Josip Drmić
 Graham Zusi

text:
Yacine Brahimi
 Abdelmoumene Djabou
 Sofiane Feghouli
 Carl Medjani
 Islam Slimani
 Ángel Di María
 Ezequiel Garay
 Gonzalo Higuaín
 Lionel Messi
 Marcos Rojo
 Ryan McGowan
 Tommy Oar
 Romelu Lukaku
 Divock Origi
 Edin Džeko
 Senad Lulić
 Miralem Pjanić
 Tino-Sven Sušić
 Dante
 David Luiz
 Luiz Gustavo
 Marcelo
 Neymar
 Oscar
 Thiago Silva
 Allan Nyom
 Charles Aránguiz
 Mauricio Pinilla
 Jorge Valdivia
 Eduardo Vargas
 Teófilo Gutiérrez
 Adrián Ramos
 Joel Campbell
 Júnior Díaz
 Cristian Gamboa
 Eduardo
 Nikica Jelavić
 Ivan Perišić
 Danijel Pranjić
 Ivan Rakitić
 Juan Carlos Paredes
 Glen Johnson
 Wayne Rooney
 Mathieu Debuchy
 Paul Pogba
 Benedikt Höwedes
 Sami Khedira
 Kwadwo Asamoah
 John Boye
 Asamoah Gyan
 Sulley Muntari
 Theofanis Gekas
 Georgios Samaras
 Brayan Beckeles
 Javad Nekounam
 Antonio Candreva
 Andrea Pirlo
 Gervinho
 Keisuke Honda
 Yuto Nagatomo
 Giovani dos Santos
 Héctor Herrera
 Rafael Márquez
 Memphis Depay
 Klaas-Jan Huntelaar
 Arjen Robben
 Wesley Sneijder
 Michel Babatunde
 Emmanuel Emenike
 Cristiano Ronaldo
 Miguel Veloso
 Dmitri Kombarov
 Lee Keun-ho
 Yun Suk-young
 Cesc Fàbregas
 Andrés Iniesta
 Juanfran
 Gökhan Inler
 Admir Mehmedi
 Ricardo Rodríguez
 Michael Bradley
 Edinson Cavani
 Fernando Muslera
 Gastón Ramírez

text: Source: UEFA[2]

text: Scoring[edit]

text:
Total number of goals scored: 171
Average goals per match: 2.67
Total number of braces: 14  Karim Benzema, Toni Kroos, Mario Mandžukić, Jackson Martínez, Lionel Messi, Ahmed Musa, Neymar (2), Robin van Persie, Arjen Robben, James Rodríguez, André Schürrle, Luis Suárez, Enner Valencia
Total number of hat-tricks: 2  Thomas Müller, Xherdan Shaqiri
Total number of penalty kicks awarded: 13
Total number of penalty kicks scored: 12  Xabi Alonso, Karim Benzema, Edinson Cavani, Juan Cuadrado, Sofiane Feghouli, Klaas-Jan Huntelaar, Mile Jedinak, Thomas Müller, Neymar, Robin van Persie, James Rodríguez, Georgios Samaras
Total number of penalty kicks missed or saved: 1  Karim Benzema
Penalty kick success rate: 7001923100000000000♠92.31%
Own goals scored: 5  John Boye, Sead Kolašinac, Marcelo, Noel Valladares, Joseph Yobo

text:
First goal of the tournament: Marcelo (own goal) for Croatia against Brazil
First brace of the tournament: Neymar for Brazil against Croatia
First hat-trick of the tournament: Thomas Müller for Germany against Portugal
Last goal of the tournament: Mario Götze for Germany against Argentina
Last brace of the tournament: André Schürrle for Germany against Brazil
Last hat-trick of the tournament: Xherdan Shaqiri for Switzerland against Honduras
Fastest goal in a match from kickoff: 1st minute (0:30) Clint Dempsey for United States - MS against Ghana
Fastest goal in a match after coming on as a substitute: 2 minutes  Marco Ureña for Costa Rica against Uruguay (introduced in the 83rd minute), Admir Mehmedi for Switzerland against Ecuador (introduced in the 46th minute), Miroslav Klose for Germany against Ghana (introduced in the 69th minute), Leroy Fer for Netherlands against Chile (introduced in the 75th minute), Julian Green for United States - MS against Belgium (introduced in the 105+2nd minute)
Latest goal in a match without extra time: 90+5th minute  Silvestre Varela for Portugal against United States - MS
Latest goal in a match with extra time: 120+1st minute  Abdelmoumene Djabou for Algeria against Germany
Latest winning goal in a match without extra time: 90+4th minute  Klaas-Jan Huntelaar for Netherlands against Mexico
Latest winning goal in a match with extra time: 118th minute  Ángel Di María for Argentina against Switzerland
Shortest time difference between two goals scored by the same team in a match: 2 minutes  (1:06) Olivier Giroud and Blaise Matuidi for France against Switzerland

text:
Most goals scored by a team: 18  Germany
Fewest goals scored by a team: 1  Cameroon, Honduras, Iran
Most goals conceded by a team: 14  Brazil
Fewest goals conceded by a team: 2  Costa Rica
Best goal difference: +14  Germany
Worst goal difference: -8  Cameroon
Most goals scored in a match by both teams: 8  Brazil 1–7 Germany
Most goals scored in a match by one team: 7  Germany against Brazil
Most goals scored in a match by the losing team: 2  Australia against Netherlands, Switzerland against France, South Korea against Algeria, Nigeria against Argentina
Biggest margin of victory: 6 goals  Brazil 1–7 Germany
Most clean sheets achieved by a team: 4  Argentina, Germany, Netherlands
Fewest clean sheets achieved by a team: 0  Algeria, Australia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Cameroon, Ghana, Honduras, Italy, Ivory Coast, Portugal, Russia, South Korea, United States
Most clean sheets given by an opposing team: 2  Argentina, Brazil, Cameroon, Costa Rica, France, Greece, Honduras, Iran, Italy, Netherlands, Nigeria
Fewest clean sheets given by an opposing team: 0  Algeria, Colombia, Croatia, Germany, Ghana, Ivory Coast
Most consecutive clean sheets achieved by a team: 3  Argentina, Netherlands
Most consecutive clean sheets given by an opposing team: 2  Argentina, Cameroon, Greece, Iran, Italy, Netherlands

text:
Most goals scored by an individual: 6  James Rodríguez
Most assists provided by an individual: 4  Juan Cuadrado, Toni Kroos
Most goals and assists produced by an individual: 8  James Rodríguez (6 goals, 2 assists), Thomas Müller (5 goals, 3 assists)
Most clean sheets achieved by a goalkeeper: 4  Jasper Cillessen, Manuel Neuer, Sergio Romero
Fewest clean sheets achieved by a goalkeeper: 0  Igor Akinfeev, Boubacar Barry, Asmir Begović, Beto, Gianluigi Buffon, Iker Casillas, Fatau Dauda, Panagiotis Glykos, Joe Hart, Tim Howard, Charles Itandje, Jung Sung-ryong, Kim Seung-gyu, Adam Kwarasey, Raïs M'Bolhi, Rui Patrício, Mathew Ryan, Salvatore Sirigu, Noel Valladares
Most consecutive clean sheets achieved by a goalkeeper: 3  Jasper Cillessen, Sergio Romero
Most goals scored by one player in a match: 3  Thomas Müller for Germany against Portugal, Xherdan Shaqiri for Switzerland against Honduras
Oldest goal scorer: 37 years and 43 days[3]  Noel Valladares (own goal) for France against Honduras
Youngest goal scorer: 19 years and 25 days[3]  Julian Green for United States - MS against Belgium

text: Wins and losses[edit]

text:
Most wins: 6 – Germany
Fewest wins: 0 – Australia, Cameroon, England, Ghana, Honduras, Iran, Japan, Russia, South Korea
Most losses: 3 – Australia, Cameroon, Honduras
Fewest losses: 0 – Costa Rica, Germany, Netherlands
Most draws: 3 – Costa Rica
Fewest draws: 0 – Australia, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Cameroon, Colombia, Croatia, Honduras, Italy, Ivory Coast, Spain, Switzerland, Uruguay
Most points in the group stage: 9 – Argentina, Belgium, Colombia, Netherlands
Fewest points in the group stage: 0 – Australia, Cameroon, Honduras

text: Match awards[edit]

text: Man of the Match[edit]

text:
Rank

Name
Team

Opponent

Awards

1

Lionel Messi
 Argentina

Bosnia and Herzegovina (GS), Iran (GS),  Nigeria (GS), Switzerland (R16)

4

2

Keylor Navas
 Costa Rica

England (GS), Greece (R16), Netherlands (QF)

3

Arjen Robben
 Netherlands

Australia (GS), Chile (GS), Brazil (TP)

James Rodríguez
 Colombia

Greece (GS), Ivory Coast (GS), Uruguay (R16)

5

Karim Benzema
 France

Honduras (GS), Switzerland (GS)

2

Mario Götze
 Germany

Ghana (GS), Argentina (F)

Tim Howard
 United States

Portugal (GS), Belgium (R16)

Thomas Müller
 Germany

Portugal (GS), United States (GS)

 Neymar
 Brazil

Croatia (GS), Cameroon (GS)

Guillermo Ochoa
 Mexico

Brazil (GS), Netherlands (R16)

Xherdan Shaqiri
  Switzerland

Ecuador (GS), Honduras (GS)

Islam Slimani
 Algeria

South Korea (GS), Russia (GS)

13

Mario Balotelli
 Italy

England (GS)

1

Gianluigi Buffon
 Italy

Uruguay (GS)

Joel Campbell
 Costa Rica

Uruguay (GS)

 Júlio César
 Brazil

Chile (R16)

Kevin De Bruyne
 Belgium

Algeria (GS)

Clint Dempsey
 United States

Ghana (GS)

 Cristiano Ronaldo
 Portugal

Ghana (GS)

Alexander Domínguez
 Ecuador

France (GS)

Edin Džeko
 Bosnia and Herzegovina

Iran (GS)

Eden Hazard
 Belgium

Russia (GS)

Gonzalo Higuaín
 Argentina

Belgium (QF)

Keisuke Honda
 Japan

Greece (GS)

Mats Hummels
 Germany

France (QF)

Toni Kroos
 Germany

Brazil (SF)

 David Luiz
 Brazil

Colombia (QF)

Raïs M'Bolhi
 Algeria

Germany (R16)

Mario Mandžukić
 Croatia

Cameroon (GS)

Rafael Márquez
 Mexico

Croatia (GS)

Jackson Martínez
 Colombia

Japan (GS)

John Obi Mikel
 Nigeria

Iran (GS)

Peter Odemwingie
 Nigeria

Bosnia and Herzegovina (GS)

Robin van Persie
 Netherlands

Spain (GS)

Paul Pogba
 France

Nigeria (R16)

Sergio Romero
 Argentina

Netherlands (SF)

Bryan Ruiz
 Costa Rica

Italy (GS)

Georgios Samaras
 Greece

Ivory Coast (GS)

Alexis Sánchez
 Chile

Australia (GS)

Giovani dos Santos
 Mexico

Cameroon (GS)

Son Heung-min
 South Korea

Russia (GS)

Luis Suárez
 Uruguay

England (GS)

Yaya Touré
 Ivory Coast

Japan (GS)

Enner Valencia
 Ecuador

Honduras (GS)

Eduardo Vargas
 Chile

Spain (GS)

Jan Vertonghen
 Belgium

South Korea (GS)

David Villa
 Spain

Australia (GS)

text: Clean sheets[edit]

text: The winner of the Golden Glove was Manuel Neuer.

text:
Rank

Name
Team

Opponent

Awards

1

Jasper Cillessen
 Netherlands

Chile (GS), Costa Rica (QF), Argentina (SF), Brazil (TP)

4

Manuel Neuer
 Germany

Portugal (GS), United States (GS), France (QF), Argentina (F)

Sergio Romero
 Argentina

Iran (GS), Switzerland (R16), Belgium (QF), Netherlands (SF)

4

Hugo Lloris
 France

Honduras (GS), Ecuador (GS), Nigeria (R16)

3

Keylor Navas
 Costa Rica

Italy (GS), England (GS), Netherlands (QF)

6

Thibaut Courtois
 Belgium

Russia (GS), South Korea (GS)

2

Vincent Enyeama
 Nigeria

Iran (GS), Bosnia and Herzegovina (GS)

Orestis Karnezis
 Greece

Japan (GS), Ivory Coast (GS)

Guillermo Ochoa
 Mexico

Cameroon (GS), Brazil (GS)

David Ospina
 Colombia

Greece (GS), Uruguay (R16)

11

Diego Benaglio
  Switzerland

Honduras (GS)

1

Claudio Bravo
 Chile

Spain (GS)

 Júlio César
 Brazil

Mexico (GS)

Alexander Domínguez
 Ecuador

France (GS)

 Eduardo
 Portugal

Ghana (GS)

Ben Foster
 England

Costa Rica (GS)

Alireza Haghighi
 Iran

Nigeria (GS)

Eiji Kawashima
 Japan

Greece (GS)

Tim Krul
 Netherlands

Costa Rica (QF)

Faryd Mondragón
 Colombia

Japan (GS)

Fernando Muslera
 Uruguay

Italy (GS)

Stipe Pletikosa
 Croatia

Cameroon (GS)

Pepe Reina
 Spain

Australia (GS)

Michel Vorm
 Netherlands

Brazil (TP)

text: Discipline[edit]

text:
Total number of yellow cards: 187
Average yellow cards per match: 2.92
Total number of red cards: 10
Average red cards per match: 0.16
First yellow card of the tournament:Neymar for Brazil against Croatia
First red card of the tournament:Maxi Pereira for Uruguay against Costa Rica
Fastest yellow card from kick off: 2 minutes  Thiago Silva for Brazil against Netherlands
Fastest yellow card after coming on as a substitute: 3 minutes  José Miguel Cubero for Costa Rica against Italy (introduced in the 68th minute)
Latest yellow card in a match without extra time: 90+4 minutes  João Moutinho for Portugal against Ghana
Latest yellow card in a match with extra time: 120+4 minutes  Ezequiel Garay for Argentina against Switzerland
Fastest dismissal from kick off: 37 minutes  Pepe for Portugal against Germany
Fastest dismissal of a substitute: 20 minutes  Ante Rebić for Croatia against Mexico (introduced in the 69th minute)
Latest dismissal in a match without extra time: 90+4 minutes  Maxi Pereira for Uruguay against Costa Rica
Shortest time difference between two yellow cards given to the same player: 11 minutes  Kostas Katsouranis for Greece against Japan (booked in the 27th minute and again in the 38th minute)
Most yellow cards (team): 14  Brazil
Most red cards (team): 1  Belgium, Cameroon, Costa Rica, Croatia, Ecuador, Greece, Honduras, Italy, Portugal, Uruguay
Fewest yellow cards (team): 2  Portugal
Most yellow cards (player): 3  Thiago Silva
Most red cards (player): 1  Steven Defour, Óscar Duarte, Kostas Katsouranis, Claudio Marchisio, Wilson Palacios, Pepe, Maxi Pereira, Ante Rebić, Alex Song, Antonio Valencia
Most yellow cards (match): 8  Costa Rica vs Greece
Most red cards (match): 1  Uruguay vs Costa Rica, France vs Honduras, Germany vs Portugal, Cameroon vs Croatia, Japan vs Greece, Croatia vs Mexico, Italy vs Uruguay, Ecuador vs France, South Korea vs Belgium, Costa Rica vs Greece
Fewest yellow cards (match): 1  England vs Italy, Iran vs Nigeria, Switzerland vs France, Germany vs Ghana, United States vs Portugal, Honduras vs Switzerland, Ecuador vs France, France vs Nigeria, Brazil vs Germany
Most cards in one match: 1 red card, 8 yellow cards  Costa Rica vs Greece

text: Multiple World Cups[edit]

text:
Name

 2002

 2006

 2010

 2014

Total goals

Goals
Against

Goals
Against

Goals
Against

Goals
Against

 Miroslav Klose

5
KSA (3), IRL, CMR

5
CRC (2), ECU (2), ARG

4
AUS, ENG, ARG (2)

2
GHA, BRA

16

text:
Name

 2002

 2006

 2010

 2014

Total goals

Goals
Against

Goals
Against

Goals
Against

Goals
Against

 Tim Cahill

N/A

2
JPN (2)

1
SRB

2
CHI, NED

5

 Clint Dempsey

N/A

1
GHA

1
ENG

2
GHA, POR

4

 Asamoah Gyan

N/A

1
CZE

3
SRB, AUS, USA

2
GER, POR

6

 Rafael Márquez

0
N/A

1
ARG

1
RSA

1
CRO

3

 Robin van Persie

N/A

1
CIV

1
CMR

4
ESP (2), AUS, BRA

6

 Arjen Robben

N/A

1
SCG

2
SVK, URU

3
ESP (2), AUS

6

 Cristiano Ronaldo

N/A

1
IRN

1
PRK

1
GHA

3

 David Villa

N/A

3
UKR (2), FRA

5
HON (2), CHI, POR, PAR

1
AUS

9

text:
Ronaldo went on to score at a fourth World Cup, in 2018.
Márquez played in 2002 but did not score. He also went on to play in 2018 but did not score either.
Cahill went on to play in 2018 too but did not score either.

text:
Name

 1998

 2002

 2006

 2010

 2014

Total

Apps
Against

Apps
Against

Apps
Against

Apps
Against

Apps
Against

 DaMarcus Beasley

N/A

3
POR, KOR, POL

3
CZE, ITA, GHA

1
ALG

4
GHA, POR, GER, BEL

11

 Gianluigi Buffon

0
N/A

4
ECU, CRO, MEX, KOR

7
GHA, USA, CZE, AUS, UKR, GER, FRA

1
PAR

2
CRC, URU

14

 Iker Casillas

N/A

5
SVN, PAR, RSA, IRL, KOR

3
UKR, TUN, FRA

7
SUI, HON, CHI, POR, PAR, GER, NED

2
NED, CHI

17

 Samuel Eto'o

1
ITA

3
IRL, KSA, GER

N/A

3
JPN, DEN, NED

1
MEX

8

 Miroslav Klose

N/A

7
KSA, IRL, CMR, PAR, USA, KOR, BRA

7
CRC, POL, ECU, SWE, ARG, ITA, POR

5
AUS, SRB, ENG, ARG, ESP

5
GHA, USA, FRA, BRA, ARG

24

 Rafael Márquez

N/A

4
CRO, ECU, ITA, USA

4
IRN, ANG, POR, ARG

4
RSA, FRA, URU, ARG

4
CMR, BRA, CRO, NED

16

 Xavi

N/A

3
PAR, RSA, KOR

3
UKR, TUN, FRA

7
SUI, HON, CHI, POR, PAR, GER, NED

1
NED

14

text:
Buffon attended the 1998 World Cup as an unused substitute.
Eto'o's Cameroon failed to qualify for the 2006 World Cup.
Márquez became the first player to captain his team in four different World Cups. He went on to play and captain the team in a fifth World Cup, in 2018.

text: Overall results[edit]

text: Bold numbers indicate the maximum values in each column.

text: By team[edit]

text: The Netherlands was the only team that used all 23 players during the tournament, making it the first team in World Cup history to ever use all of its squad players.[4]

text:
Team

Pld

W

D

L

Pts

APts

GF

AGF

GA

AGA

GD

AGD

CS

ACS

YC

AYC

RC

ARC

 Algeria

4

1

1

2

4

1.00

7
1.75

7
1.75

0
0.00

0

0.00

6

1.50

0

0.00

 Argentina

7

5

1

1

16

2.29

8
1.14

4
0.57

+4
0.57

4

0.57

8

1.14

0

0.00

 Australia

3

0

0

3

0

0.00

3
1.00

9
3.00

-6
-2.00

0

0.00

6

2.00

0

0.00

 Belgium

5

4

0

1

12

2.40

6
1.20

3
0.60

+3
0.60

2

0.40

7

1.40

1

0.20

 Bosnia & Herz.

3

1

0

2

3

1.00

4
1.33

4
1.33

0
0.00

0

0.00

3

1.00

0

0.00

 Brazil

7

3

2

2

11

1.57

11
1.57

14
2.00

-3
-0.43

1

0.14

14

2.00

0

0.00

 Cameroon

3

0

0

3

0

0.00

1
0.33

9
3.00

-8
-2.67

0

0.00

4

1.33

1

0.33

 Chile

4

2

1

1

7

1.75

6
1.50

4
1.00

+2
0.50

1

0.25

7

1.75

0

0.00

 Colombia

5

4

0

1

12

2.40

12
2.40

4
0.80

+8
1.60

2

0.40

5

1.00

0

0.00

 Costa Rica

5

2

3

0

9

1.80

5
1.00

2
0.40

+3
0.60

3

0.60

12

2.40

1

0.20

 Croatia

3

1

0

2

3

1.00

6
2.00

6
2.00

0
0.00

1

0.33

4

1.33

1

0.33

 Ecuador

3

1

1

1

4

1.33

3
1.00

3
1.00

0
0.00

1

0.33

5

1.67

1

0.33

 England

3

0

1

2

1

0.33

2
0.67

4
1.33

-2
-0.67

1

0.33

4

1.33

0

0.00

 France

5

3

1

1

10

2.00

10
2.00

3
0.60

+7
1.40

3

0.60

5

1.00

0

0.00

 Germany

7

6

1

0

19

2.71

18
2.57

4
0.57

+14
2.00

4

0.57

6

0.86

0

0.00

 Ghana

3

0

1

2

1

0.33

4
1.33

6
2.00

-2
-0.67

0

0.00

6

2.00

0

0.00

 Greece

4

1

2

1

5

1.25

3
0.75

5
1.25

-2
-0.50

1

0.25

8

2.00

1

0.25

 Honduras

3

0

0

3

0

0.00

1
0.33

8
2.67

-7
-2.33

0

0.00

7

2.33

1

0.33

 Iran

3

0

1

2

1

0.33

1
0.33

4
1.33

-3
-1.00

1

0.33

4

1.33

0

0.00

 Italy

3

1

0

2

3

1.00

2
0.67

3
1.00

-1
-0.33

0

0.00

3

1.00

1

0.33

 Ivory Coast

3

1

0

2

3

1.00

4
1.33

5
1.67

-1
-0.33

0

0.00

7

2.33

0

0.00

 Japan

3

0

1

2

1

0.33

2
0.67

6
2.00

-4
-1.33

1

0.33

4

1.33

0

0.00

 Mexico

4

2

1

1

7

1.75

5
1.25

3
0.75

+2
0.50

2

0.50

8

2.00

0

0.00

 Netherlands

7

5

2

0

17

2.43

15
2.14

4
0.57

+11
1.57

4

0.57

11

1.57

0

0.00

 Nigeria

4

1

1

2

4

1.00

3
0.75

5
1.25

-2
-0.50

2

0.50

3

0.75

0

0.00

 Portugal

3

1

1

1

4

1.33

4
1.33

7
2.33

-3
-1.00

0

0.00

2

0.67

1

0.33

 Russia

3

0

2

1

2

0.67

2
0.67

3
1.00

-1
-0.33

0

0.00

4

1.33

0

0.00

 South Korea

3

0

1

2

1

0.33

3
1.00

6
2.00

-3
-1.00

0

0.00

6

2.00

0

0.00

 Spain

3

1

0

2

3

1.00

4
1.33

7
2.33

-3
-1.00

1

0.33

3

1.00

0

0.00

  Switzerland

4

2

0

2

6

1.50

7
1.75

7
1.75

0
0.00

1

0.25

3

0.75

0

0.00

 United States

4

1

1

2

4

1.00

5
1.25

6
1.50

-1
-0.25

0

0.00

4

1.00

0

0.00

 Uruguay

4

2

0

2

6

1.50

4
1.00

6
1.50

-2
-0.50

1

0.25

8

2.00

1

0.25

Total

64(1)

51

13(2)

51

179

1.40

171

1.34

171

1.34

0

0.00

37

0.29

187

1.46

10

0.08

text: Team(s) rendered in italics represent(s) the host nation(s). The competition's winning team is rendered in bold.(1) – Total games lost not counted in total games played (total games lost = total games won)(2) – Total number of games drawn (tied) for all teams = Total number of games drawn (tied) ÷ 2 (both teams involved)(3) – As per statistical convention in football, matches decided in extra time are counted as wins and losses, while matches decided by penalty shoot-outs are counted as draws.

text: By confederation[edit]

text:
Confederation

T

Pld

W

D

L

Pts

APts

Pts/T

AFC
4
12
0
3
9
3
0.25
0.75

CAF
5
17
3
3
11
12
0.71
2.40

CONCACAF
4
16
5
5
6
20
1.25
5.00

CONMEBOL
6
30
17
5
8
56
1.87
9.33

UEFA
13
53
26
10
17
88
1.66
6.77

Total

32

64(1)

51

13(2)

51

179

1.40

5.59

text: Host nation(s) are situated in the region(s) rendered in italics.(1) – Total games lost not counted in total games played (total games lost = total games won)(2) – Total number of games drawn (tied) for all teams = Total number of games drawn (tied) ÷ 2 (both teams involved)(3) – As per statistical convention in football, matches decided in extra time are counted as wins and losses, while matches decided by penalty shoot-outs are counted as draws.

text: Stadiums[edit]

text:
Stadium

City

Capacity

Elevation[5]

Matchesplayed

Totalattendance

Averageattendanceper match

Averageattendanceas % of capacity

Totalgoalsscored

Averagegoals scoredper match

Arena da Amazônia

Manaus

40,549[6]

72 m

4

160,227

40,057

98.79%

14

3.50

Arena da Baixada

Curitiba

39,631[7]

920 m

4

156,991

39,248

99.03%

8

2.00

Arena das Dunas

Natal

39,971[8]

45 m

4

158,167

39,542

98.93%

5

1.25

Arena de São Paulo

São Paulo

63,321[9]

792 m

6

375,593

62,599

98.86%

11

1.83

Arena Fonte Nova

Salvador

51,900[10]

0 m

6

300,674

50,112

96.56%

24

4.00

Arena Pantanal

Cuiabá

41,112[11]

165 m

4

158,717

39,679

96.52%

12

3.00

Arena Pernambuco

Recife

42,610[12]

0 m

5

204,882

40,976

96.17%

11

2.20

Estádio Beira-Rio

Porto Alegre

43,394[13]

47 m

5

214,969

42,994

99.08%

22

4.40

Estádio Castelão

Fortaleza

60,342[14]

0 m

6

356,896

59,483

98.58%

17

2.83

Estádio do Maracanã

Rio de Janeiro

74,738[15]

0 m

7

519,189

74,170

99.24%

10

1.43

Estádio Mineirão

Belo Horizonte

58,170[16]

800 m

6

345,350

57,558

98.95%

17

2.13

Estádio Nacional

Brasília

69,349[17]

1172 m

7

478,218

68,317

98.51%

20

2.86


document_title: Anger Management (TV series)

question_text: who plays lacey's mom on anger management

question_tokens: who plays lacey 's mom on anger management

root

text: Anger Management (TV series)

text: Premise[edit]

text: The series revolves around Charlie Goodson (Sheen), a one-time minor league baseball player who struggled to take the next step because of his recurring anger issues. Thanks to a therapist, Dr. Kate Wales (Selma Blair), Charlie was able to get his issues under control and finally make it to the major leagues. But he had a relapse during a big league game, breaking a bat over his knee in anger and causing a career-ending injury.

tag: p

text: The incident inspired Charlie to return to school and become an anger management therapist. Charlie is divorced from his one-time wife, Jennifer (Shawnee Smith), on whom he cheated multiple times during his baseball-playing days. The two still see a lot of each other, mainly as a result of sharing joint custody of their teenaged daughter, Sam (Daniela Bobadilla), who has obsessive-compulsive disorder.

text: Charlie has a complicated relationship with Kate, who is not only his therapist, but also his best friend and a sex-only love interest. He holds regular group sessions in his home for anger management patients, and also does anger therapy at an area prison.[7]

text:
Season
Episodes
Originally aired

First aired
Last aired

1
10
June 28, 2012 (2012-06-28)
August 23, 2012 (2012-08-23)

2
90
January 17, 2013 (2013-01-17)
December 22, 2014 (2014-12-22)

tag: table

text: Cast and characters[edit]

text: Main[edit]

text:
Charlie Sheen as Charles "Charlie" Goodson, a former professional baseball player turned anger management therapist.[8]
Selma Blair as Dr. Kate Wales, Charlie's ex–therapist colleague and friend with benefits. (episodes 1–52, 57 and 63)
Shawnee Smith as Jennifer Goodson, Charlie's ex-wife.[note 1]
Daniela Bobadilla as Sam Goodson, Charlie and Jennifer's teenaged daughter. (episodes 1–52, 54, 57 and 63)
Noureen DeWulf as Lacey Patel, Charlie's spoiled, shallow and destructive anger management patient.
Michael Arden as Patrick, Charlie's homosexual passive-aggressive anger management patient.
Derek Richardson as Nolan Johnson, Charlie's normally unassertive anger management patient.
Barry Corbin as Ed, Charlie's elderly redneck anger management patient.[9] (episodes 3–100; recurring previously)
Brian Austin Green as Sean Healy, Charlie's nemesis who has also dated Jennifer. After Jennifer leaves him over his infidelity, Sean and Charlie become friends and tomcat around together. (episodes 45–100; recurring previously)
Laura Bell Bundy as Dr. Jordan Denby, a new psychologist and business partner for Charlie. Often Charlie's comic foil, Jordan links up sexually with Sean Healy. (episodes 47–100)[10]

tag: ul

text: Recurring[edit]

text:
Brett Butler as Brett, the female bartender at a tavern that Charlie frequents.
Michael Boatman as Michael, Charlie's neighbor and friend who is in the real estate business. He is always freeloading off Charlie while listening to him talk about his romantic pursuits. He is especially unlucky at love.[11] (episodes 1–55, guest episode 95)
James Black as Cleo/Derek, a "gay" member of Charlie's prison anger therapy group. In "Charlie's Patient Gets Out of Jail", Cleo is released on parole and reveals to Charlie that his real name is Derek and that he had a wife before going to prison, claiming he's only "prison gay".
Darius McCrary as Donovan, a "prison gay" member of Charlie's prison anger therapy group and Cleo/Derek's romantic partner. (episodes 1–42)
Stephen Taylor as Wayne, a member of Charlie's prison anger therapy group.
Aldo Gonzalez as Ernesto Sylvia, a member of Charlie's prison anger therapy group.
Martin Sheen as Martin Goodson, Charlie's hypercritical father. (episodes 10–100)
Steve Valentine as Dr. Moore, a rival psychiatrist whom Charlie considers his archenemy. (episodes 13–44)
Anna Hutchison as Sasha, a hooker who is occasionally a real girlfriend for Charlie. She and Charlie are briefly married after a wild night in Las Vegas. (episodes 49–92)
Ajay Mehta as Sanjay Patel, Lacey's father.
Meera Simhan as Mira Patel, Lacey's mother.
Schuyler Helford as Sateen, Lacey's sister who is frequently competing with her.
Michael Gross as Dr. Randy Warren, a "psychic psychologist" whom Charlie exposes as a fraud. He later appears in Charlie's prison therapy group. (episodes 77–80)
Elaine Hendrix as Warden Hartley, the new warden at the prison where Charlie and Jordan work. (episodes 79–83)

text: Production[edit]

text: On July 18, 2011, it was announced that a show based on the 2003 film of the same name was in development with Charlie Sheen starring in the role originally played by Jack Nicholson from the film. The series was Sheen's first acting role since he was officially fired from the hit CBS sitcom Two and a Half Men.[2]

text: On October 27, 2011, it was announced that FX had picked up the series with an initial ten-episode order which, if successful, FX would then order an additional 90 episodes under a syndication model crafted by Debmar-Mercury. On August 29, 2012 it was announced that the show would be picked up for a further 90 episodes.[12] On January 9, 2013, FX president John Landgraf said that there will essentially be "45 new episodes per year". Landgraf also announced that Martin Sheen, who guest-starred in season one as Charlie's on-screen father, would become a season two regular cast member.[13] While Martin did continue appearing on the show, it was only in selected episodes and he was not promoted to season two regular.

text: FX paid a $600,000-per-episode license fee for the series.[14] To boost its sagging season two ratings, FX announced that four episodes (two of them first-run) would air on FX's parent network Fox on Monday nights in June, starting June 3, 2013.[15]

text: Casting[edit]

text: Casting announcements began in January 2012, with Shawnee Smith and Selma Blair first cast as the two female leads. Smith was cast as Charlie's ex-wife and Blair was cast as Charlie's therapist and possible love interest.[16][17]

text: Several actresses tested for the two female lead roles, including Julie Benz, Jenica Bergere, Elaine Hendrix (who would get a role on the show), Kate Reinders and Nichole Hiltz.[18]

text: Next to be cast was Noureen DeWulf, in the role of Lacey, a spoiled rich girl who is sentenced to join the therapy group after shooting her boyfriend in the testicles when he cheated on her.[19] Michael Arden and Daniela Bobadilla were cast as, respectively, Patrick (an openly gay member of Charlie's therapy group) and Sam (Charlie's teenaged daughter who has obsessive-compulsive disorder).[20] Barry Corbin was cast as Ed, a cranky, bigoted Vietnam veteran and the member of the therapy group who is angry at everyone. Originally billed as a recurring character, the producers decided after just two episodes to make Ed a series regular. Derek Richardson was the last actor cast in the series, in the role of Nolan, a frequently stoned member of the therapy group whose anger issue is that he has no anger.[21]

text: Brian Austin Green, who initially made a guest appearance, was promoted to a starring role following the dismissal of Selma Blair. Denise Richards, Lindsay Lohan, Cee Lo Green, and Kerri Kenney-Silver[22] made guest appearances. Guitarist Slash made a cameo appearance. Sheen's father, Martin Sheen, who made a guest appearance in season one as Charlie's on-screen father, had an expanded role in the second season. FX president John Landgraf said, "I thought it would be a better series if it was also a multi-generational series".[13]

text: Selma Blair's dismissal[edit]

text: On June 17, 2013, TMZ reported that Sheen had told producers that he would refuse to work should Blair turn up to work that day as a result of her being the most vocal among the cast and crew[23] regarding complaints about his being a "menace" to work with – specifically questioning his punctuality and work ethic.[24] The following day, TMZ reported that Sheen had told the producers that, if they refused to fire Blair, then he would quit.[25] Later that day, Lionsgate issued a statement confirming that Blair would not be returning to the show[26] and that a new female lead role would be created to fill the void.[23]

text: The new female lead role was described as a "by-the-book psychiatrist" who joins Charlie to co-author the sex study research he and Kate had been working on before she left and moved to India.[27] On August 5, 2013, FX announced that Laura Bell Bundy would be replacing Blair as Charlie's new colleague, Dr. Jordan Denby, with production on the first episode featuring Bundy's character beginning that same day.[28] It was announced that Brian Austin Green would have an expanded role following Blair's firing. Ironically, Blair's character's final line in the series was that Sheen's Charlie Goodson character was "going to be very excited he and I can keep working together".[citation needed]

text: Potential lawsuit[edit]

text: On September 13, 2013, TMZ reported that Blair was threatening both Sheen and Lionsgate Entertainment for the $1.2 million she would have earned had she not been dismissed from the show but also noted that both sides were talking and attempting to reach a settlement. It was also reported that a decision had already been made prior to her dismissal to write her off the show as "America didn't want to see Charlie with just one girlfriend" – however, the plan was to phase the character out over eight episodes and that, once Sheen heard of Blair's comments, "that process was accelerated" and the character abruptly moved to India.[29]

text: Canceled episode[edit]

text: In June 2013, a press release for an episode titled "Charlie and Kate Have Sex for Science" stated that the episode was set to air on June 27, 2013, as the twenty-sixth episode of the season.[30] Following the aftermath of Blair's dismissal, the planned broadcast was canceled and replaced with "Charlie and the Hot Nerd" – the first episode produced without Blair.[31] The status of "Charlie and Kate Have Sex for Science" is unknown as all episodes with production codes up to, and including, 1040 (Blair's final episode) have aired. An episode with a similar title, but with different storylines, named "Charlie Does It For Science" aired on December 5, 2013.[32]

text: Broadcast[edit]

text: The original broadcast was within the United States of America on the cable channel FX from June 28, 2012, and was later broadcast via free-to-air the Fox network from June 3, 2013.[1] In Canada the series premiered on CTV on August 12, 2012.[33][34] New episodes later aired on M3. In the United Kingdom/Ireland it premiered on Comedy Central on September 12, 2012.[35][36] Anger Management began airing in Australia on the Nine Network on August 14, 2012, and on FX in New Zealand on TVNZ's TV2 from August 15, 2012.[37][38]

text: Critical reception[edit]

text: Anger Management received largely negative reviews. Based on 33 reviews collected by Rotten Tomatoes, the first season of Anger Management received an average 21% overall "Rotten" approval rating; the website's consensus states, "Anger Management is aggressively so-so, with thin characters and a few groan-worthy gags for every good one."[39]

text: Metacritic gave the first season of the show a score of 44 out of 100 based on 33 critics' reviews.[40] Linda Stasi of the New York Post called the series "not so bad", adding "Anger Management is pretty conventional up to and including an idiot laugh track—and a character named Charlie—again. But maybe the familiar is what will keep crazy Charlie [Sheen] from killing himself and others in a blind, drunken, psycho haze on set. Or maybe not."[41] The Wall Street Journal's Nancy DeWolf Smith thought the series was "usually funny, often clever" and added "The accomplishment here is that tight writing and editing, a solid cast with good timing and Mr. Sheen's chops as the ne plus ultra of sitcom performers, make the whole thing feel, if not entirely fresh—then crisp."[42]

text: Alan Sepinwall of HitFix stated: "Anger Management is Charlie Sheen doing what Charlie Sheen does—on-screen. It's not artful, it's not elegant ... It will likely give his fans what they want. And if there are enough of them to trigger the order for the extra 90 episodes, then FX, Helford and everyone else will feel justified in taking another chance on the guy, despite what happened in the past."[43]

text: The Huffington Post's Maureen Ryan stated: "despite the careful attention to image enhancement possibilities, the core ugliness and toxic narcissism of 'Anger Management' are impossible to ignore. ... Whoever 'Anger Management' benefits – and it certainly won't be viewers used to FX's usual scripted fare – whole enterprise is really just image management. Nice work if you can get it."[44] Anger Management was renewed for 90 more episodes, and production started on September 24, 2012.

text: Home media[edit]

text:
Title
DVD release
Notes

Region 1
Region 2
Region 4

Season One
January 8, 2013
January 14, 2013
April 30, 2014

Contains all 10 episodes from Season One
Available in both DVD and Blu-ray format in the United States and Canada
Available only on DVD format in UK
Available only on DVD format in Australia

Volume Two
October 15, 2013
October 21, 2013
TBA

Contains episodes 1–22 from Season Two
Available on both DVD and Blu-ray format in the United States and Canada
Available only on DVD format in the UK

Volume Three
April 15, 2014
TBA
TBA

Contains episodes 23–46 from Season Two
Available on both DVD and Blu-ray format in the United States and Canada

text: Notes[edit]

text: Jump up ^ While still credited among the main cast every episode, Smith's role in the series was greatly reduced and from late 2013 she only appeared in a small number of episodes.

tag: ol


document_title: Mother's Day (2016 film)

question_text: who played julia roberts daughter in mother's day

question_tokens: who played julia roberts daughter in mother 's day

text: Mother's Day (2016 film)

text: Plot[edit]

text: This article needs an improved plot summary.  (June 2016)

text: As Mother's Day nears, a group of seemingly-unconnected people in Atlanta come to terms with their relationships with their mothers. Sandy (Jennifer Aniston) is a divorced mother of two boys whose ex-husband has recently remarried a younger woman, Tina (Shay Mitchell). Sandy is still getting used to this when she meets Bradley (Jason Sudeikis), a former marine, in the supermarket. Bradley's wife, a Marine Lieutenant, has recently passed away, leaving him with their two daughters and missing her terribly. Miranda (Julia Roberts) is an accomplished author who gave up her only child Kristin (Britt Robertson) for adoption at birth; as the adult Kristin has her own child and mulls over marrying the father, she contemplates the missing part in her life and her friend Jesse (Kate Hudson) encourages her to search for her birthmother. Meanwhile, Jesse and her sister Gabi never see their own mother, so they're surprised when their parents suddenly show up, and plenty of catching-up is in order.

text: Cast[edit]

text:
Jennifer Aniston as Sandy Newhouse[4]
Kate Hudson as Jesse[4]
Julia Roberts as Miranda Collins[4]
Jason Sudeikis as Bradley Barton[4]
Timothy Olyphant as Henry
Shay Mitchell as Tina, Henry's new wife[5]
Britt Robertson as Kristin[5]
Jack Whitehall as Zack Zimm[5]
Héctor Elizondo as Ramon Navarro/Lance Wallace; Credited "and as always  Héctor Elizondo"
Margo Martindale as Florence, Jesse's mother
Sarah Chalke as Gabi, Jesse's sister
Robert Pine as Earl, Jesse's father
Aasif Mandvi as Russell, Jesse's husband[5]
Cameron Esposito as Max, Gabi's wife
Jon Lovitz as Wally Burn
Loni Love as Kimberly[5]
Lucy Walsh as Jody
Beth Kennedy as Gwenda
Sandra Taylor as Lexy
Ella Anderson as Vicky Barton[6]
Jessi Case as Rachel Barton
Grayson Russell as Tommy
Matthew Walker as Randy
Lisa Roberts Gillan as Betty
Kate Linder as Gigi
Jennifer Garner as Dana Barton
Paul Vogt as Tiny
Owen Vaccaro as Charlie
Scott Marshall as Sam
Christine Lakin as The Hostess
Rory O'Malley as The Customer
Larry Miller as The Motorcycle Cop
Sean O'Bryan as The Male Cop

text: Production[edit]

text: Development[edit]

text: In April 2013, Dennis Dugan confirmed that he would next develop Garry Marshall's comedy film Mother's Day.[7]

text: Casting[edit]

text: On June 30, 2015, four cast members were announced, Julia Roberts, Jennifer Aniston, Kate Hudson, and Jason Sudeikis, with the film to be directed by Garry Marshall and scripted by Anya Kochoff-Romano and Lily Hollander.[4] Brandt Andersen produced, along with Wayne Rice and Mike Karz.[4] On July 22, 2015, Open Road Films acquired US distribution rights to the film, and it was revealed that Matt Walker and Tom Hines would co-write the script.[8] On August 21, 2015, Ella Anderson joined the film's cast to play Vicky, Sudeikis's character's daughter.[6] On August 26, 2015, Timothy Olyphant, Britt Robertson, Shay Mitchell, Jack Whitehall, Loni Love, and Aasif Mandvi joined the cast.[5] On October 6, Hilary Duff was confirmed to appear, but she declined due to scheduling conflicts with filming the second season of her show Younger.[9]

text: Filming[edit]

text: Principal photography on the film began on August 18, 2015, in Atlanta, Georgia.[10][11] Though shooting her part required only four days, Julia Roberts was paid $3 million.[12]

text: Release[edit]

text: Mother's Day was released domestically on April 29, 2016 by Open Road Films.[8]

text: Reception[edit]

text: Box office[edit]

text: Mother's Day grossed $32.5 million in the U.S. and Canada and $11.3 million in other territories, for a worldwide total of $43.8 million against a production cost of $25 million.[13]

text: In the United States and Canada, pre-release tracking suggested the film would gross around $11 million from 3,035 theaters in its opening weekend, trailing fellow newcomer Keanu ($10–14 million projection) but besting Ratchet & Clank ($8–10 million projection).[14] The film grossed $2.6 million on its first day and $8.4 million in its opening weekend, finishing 4th at the box office, behind The Jungle Book ($43.7 million), The Huntsman: Winter's War ($9.6 million), and Keanu ($9.5 million). In its second weekend the film grossed $11.1 million (an increase of 32.5%), finishing 3rd at the box office, behind Captain America: Civil War ($179.1 million) and The Jungle Book ($24.5 million).[15]

text: Critical response[edit]

text: On review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 6% based on 146 reviews and an average rating of 2.9/10. The site's critical consensus reads, "Arguably well-intended yet thoroughly misguided, Mother's Day is the cinematic equivalent of a last-minute gift that only underscores its embarrassing lack of effort."[16] On Metacritic, the film has a score of 18 out of 100 based on 30 critics, indicating "overwhelming dislike".[17] Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "B+" on an A+ to F scale.[18]

text: Richard Roeper gave the film zero out of four stars, saying, "...nothing could have prepared us for the offensively stupid, shamelessly manipulative, ridiculously predictable and hopelessly dated crapfest that is Mother's Day."[19]

text: Peter Bradshaw, writing in The Guardian, gave the film one star out of five, calling it "as feelgood and life-affirming as a fire in an asbestos factory neighbouring a children's hospital."

text: Accolades[edit]

text:
Award

Category

Recipients

Result

Teen Choice Awards[20]

Choice Movie: Comedy

Mother's Day

Nominated

Choice Movie Actress: Comedy

Jennifer Aniston

Nominated

Golden Raspberry Awards

Worst Actress

Julia Roberts

Nominated

Worst Supporting Actress

Kate Hudson

Nominated


document_title: Universal Declaration of Human Rights

question_text: how many countries adopted the universal declaration of human rights

text: Universal Declaration of Human Rights

text: History[edit]

text: Precursors[edit]

text:
State of the Union (Four Freedoms) (6 January 1941)

Franklin Delano Roosevelt's 6 January 1941 State of the Union address introducing the theme of the Four Freedoms (starting at 32:02)

Problems playing this file? See media help.

text: During World War II, the Allies adopted the Four Freedoms—freedom of speech, freedom of religion, freedom from fear, and freedom from want—as their basic war aims. The United Nations Charter "reaffirmed faith in fundamental human rights, and dignity and worth of the human person" and committed all member states to promote "universal respect for, and observance of, human rights and fundamental freedoms for all without distinction as to race, sex, language, or religion".[4]

text: When the racist atrocities committed by Nazi Germany became fully apparent after World War II, the consensus within the world community was that the United Nations Charter did not sufficiently define the rights to which it referred.[5][6] A universal declaration that specified the rights of individuals was necessary to give effect to the Charter's provisions on human rights.[7]

text: Creation and drafting[edit]

text: In June 1946, the UN Economic and Social Council established the Commission on Human Rights, which consisted of 18 members from various nationalities and political backgrounds. The Commission on Human Rights, a standing body of the United Nations, was constituted to undertake the work of preparing what was initially conceived as an International Bill of Rights.[8]

text: The commission established a special Universal Declaration of Human Rights Drafting Committee, chaired by Eleanor Roosevelt, to write the articles of the Declaration. The committee met in two sessions over the course of two years.

text: Canadian John Peters Humphrey, Director of the Division of Human Rights within the United Nations Secretariat, was called upon by the United Nations Secretary-General to work on the project and became the Declaration's principal drafter.[9] At the time, Humphrey was newly appointed as Director of the Division of Human Rights within the United Nations Secretariat.[10]

text: Other well-known members of the drafting committee included René Cassin of France, Charles Malik of Lebanon, P. C. Chang of the Republic of China (Taiwan),.[11] Humphrey provided the initial draft which became the working text of the Commission.

text: According to Allan Carlson in Globalizing Family Values, the Declaration's pro-family phrases were the result of the Christian Democratic movement's influence on Cassin and Malik.[12]

text: Once the committee finished its work in May 1948, the draft was further discussed by the Commission on Human Rights, the Economic and Social Council, the Third Committee of the General Assembly before being put to vote in December 1948. During these discussions many amendments and propositions were made by UN Member States.[13]

text: British representatives were extremely frustrated that the proposal had moral but no legal obligation.[14] (It was not until 1976 that the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights came into force, giving a legal status to most of the Declaration.)

text: Adoption[edit]

text: On 10 December 1948, the Universal Declaration was adopted by the General Assembly as resolution 217A by a vote of 48 in favor, none against, and eight abstentions (the Soviet Union, Ukrainian SSR, Byelorussian SSR, People's Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, People's Republic of Poland, Union of South Africa, Czechoslovakia, and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia).[15][16] Honduras and Yemen—both members of UN at the time—failed to vote or abstain.[17]

text: The meeting record[18] provides first hand insight of the debate. South Africa's position can be seen as an attempt to protect its system of apartheid, which clearly violated any number of articles in the Declaration.[15] The Saudi Arabian delegation's abstention was prompted primarily by two of the Declaration's articles: Article 18, which states that everyone has the right "to change his religion or belief"; and Article 16, on equal marriage rights.[15] The six communist nations abstentions centred around the view that the Declaration did not go far enough in condemning fascism and Nazism.[19] Eleanor Roosevelt attributed the abstention of the Soviet bloc nations to Article 13, which provided the right of citizens to leave their countries.[20]

text: 48 countries voted in favour of the Declaration:[21]

text:
Afghanistan
 Argentina
 Australia
 Belgium
 Bolivia
 Brazil
 Burma
 Canada [a]
 Chile
 China
 Colombia
 Costa Rica
 Cuba
 Denmark
 Dominican Republic
 Ecuador
 Egypt
 El Salvador
 Ethiopia
 France
 Greece
 Guatemala
 Haiti
 Iceland
 India
 Iran
 Iraq
 Lebanon
 Liberia
 Luxembourg
 Mexico
 Netherlands
 New Zealand
 Nicaragua
 Norway
 Pakistan
 Panama
 Paraguay
 Peru
 Philippines
 Thailand
 Sweden
 Syria
 Turkey
 United Kingdom
 United States
 Uruguay
 Venezuela

text: 8 countries abstained:[21]

text:
Byelorussian SSR (Byelorussia)
 Czechoslovakia
 Poland
 Saudi Arabia
 Soviet Union
 Ukrainian SSR (Ukraine)
 Union of South Africa
 Yugoslavia

text: Other countries only gained sovereignty and joined the United Nations later,[23] which explains the relatively small number of states entitled to the historical vote and in no way reflects opposition to the universal principles.

text: Structure[edit]

text: The underlying structure of the Universal Declaration was introduced in its second draft, which was prepared by René Cassin. Cassin worked from a first draft, which was prepared by John Peters Humphrey. The structure was influenced by the Code Napoléon, including a preamble and introductory general principles.[24]

text: Cassin compared the Declaration to the portico of a Greek temple, with a foundation, steps, four columns, and a pediment. Articles 1 and 2 are the foundation blocks, with their principles of dignity, liberty, equality, and brotherhood. The seven paragraphs of the preamble—setting out the reasons for the Declaration—represent the steps. The main body of the Declaration forms the four columns. The first column (articles 3–11) constitutes rights of the individual such as the right to life and the prohibition of slavery. Articles 6 through 11 refer to the fundamental legality of human rights with specific remedies cited for their defense when violated. The second column (articles 12–17) constitutes the rights of the individual in civil and political society (including such things as freedom of movement). The third column (articles 18–21) is concerned with spiritual, public, and political freedoms such as freedom of association, thought, conscience, and religion. The fourth column (articles 22–27) sets out social, economic, and cultural rights including healthcare. In Cassin's model, the last three articles of the Declaration provide the pediment which binds the structure together. These articles are concerned with the duty of the individual to society and the prohibition of use of rights in contravention of the purposes of the United Nations Organisation.[25]

text: International Human Rights Day[edit]

text: The adoption of the Universal Declaration is a significant international commemoration marked each year on 10 December, and is known as Human Rights Day or International Human Rights Day. The commemoration is observed by individuals, community and religious groups, human rights organizations, parliaments, governments, and the United Nations. Decadal commemorations are often accompanied by campaigns to promote awareness of the Declaration and human rights. 2008 marked the 60th anniversary of the Declaration, and was accompanied by year-long activities around the theme "Dignity and justice for all of us".[26]

text: Significance and legal effect[edit]

text: Significance[edit]

text: In 1948, the UN Resolution A/RES/217(III)[A] adopted the Declaration on a bilingual document in English and French, and official translations in Chinese, Russian and Spanish.[27] In 2009, the Guinness Book of Records described the Declaration as the world's "Most Translated Document" (370 different languages and dialects).[28][29] The Unicode Consortium stores 431[30] of the 503[31] official translations available at the OHCHR (as of June 2017[update]).

text: In its preamble, governments commit themselves and their people to progressive measures which secure the universal and effective recognition and observance of the human rights set out in the Declaration. Eleanor Roosevelt supported the adoption of the Declaration as a declaration rather than as a treaty because she believed that it would have the same kind of influence on global society as the United States Declaration of Independence had within the United States. In this, she proved to be correct. Even though it is not legally binding, the Declaration has been adopted in or has influenced most national constitutions since 1948. It has also served as the foundation for a growing number of national laws, international laws, and treaties, as well as for a growing number of regional, sub national, and national institutions protecting and promoting human rights.

text: Legal effect[edit]

text: While not a treaty itself, the Declaration was explicitly adopted for the purpose of defining the meaning of the words "fundamental freedoms" and "human rights" appearing in the United Nations Charter, which is binding on all member states. For this reason, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights is a fundamental constitutive document of the United Nations. In addition, many international lawyers[32] believe that the Declaration forms part of customary international law[33] and is a powerful tool in applying diplomatic and moral pressure to governments that violate any of its articles. The 1968 United Nations International Conference on Human Rights advised that the Declaration "constitutes an obligation for the members of the international community" to all persons. The Declaration has served as the foundation for two binding UN human rights covenants: the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. The principles of the Declaration are elaborated in international treaties such as the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, the International Convention on the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women, the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child, the United Nations Convention Against Torture, and many more. The Declaration continues to be widely cited by governments, academics, advocates, and constitutional courts, and by individuals who appeal to its principles for the protection of their recognised human rights.

text: Reaction[edit]

text: Praise[edit]

text: The Universal Declaration has received praise from a number of notable people. The Lebanese philosopher and diplomat Charles Malik called it "an international document of the first order of importance",[34] while Eleanor Roosevelt—first chairwoman of the Commission on Human Rights (CHR) that drafted the Declaration—stated that it "may well become the international Magna Carta of all men everywhere."[35] In a speech on 5 October 1995, Pope John Paul II called the Declaration "one of the highest expressions of the human conscience of our time" but the Vatican never adopted the Declaration.[36] In a statement on 10 December 2003 on behalf of the European Union, Marcello Spatafora said that the Declaration "placed human rights at the centre of the framework of principles and obligations shaping relations within the international community."[citation needed]

text: Criticism[edit]

text: Islamic countries[edit]

text: Turkey— which was a secular state with an overwhelmingly Muslim population—signed the Declaration in 1948.[37] However, the same year, Saudi Arabia abstained from the ratification vote on the Declaration, claiming that it violated Sharia law.[38] Pakistan—which had signed the declaration—disagreed and critiqued the Saudi position.[39] Pakistani minister Muhammad Zafarullah Khan strongly argued in favor of including freedom of religion.[40] In 1982, the Iranian representative to the United Nations, Said Rajaie-Khorassani, said that the Declaration was "a secular understanding of the Judeo-Christian tradition" which could not be implemented by Muslims without conflict with Sharia.[41] On 30 June 2000, members of the Organisation of the Islamic Conference (now the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation) officially resolved to support the Cairo Declaration on Human Rights in Islam,[42] an alternative document that says people have "freedom and right to a dignified life in accordance with the Islamic Shari'ah", without any discrimination on grounds of "race, colour, language, sex, religious belief, political affiliation, social status or other considerations".

text: Some Muslim diplomats would go on later to help draft other UN human rights treaties. For example, Iraqi diplomat Bedia Afnan's insistence on wording that recognized gender equality resulted in Article 3 within the ICCPR and ICESCR. Pakistani diplomat Shaista Suhrawardy Ikramullah also spoke in favor of recognizing women's rights.[40]

text: A number of scholars in different fields have expressed concerns with the Declaration's alleged Western bias. These include Irene Oh, Abdulaziz Sachedina, Riffat Hassan, and Faisal Kutty. Hassan has argued:

text: What needs to be pointed out to those who uphold the Universal Declaration of Human Rights to be the highest, or sole, model, of a charter of equality and liberty for all human beings, is that given the Western origin and orientation of this Declaration, the "universality" of the assumptions on which it is based is – at the very least – problematic and subject to questioning. Furthermore, the alleged incompatibility between the concept of human rights and religion in general, or particular religions such as Islam, needs to be examined in an unbiased way.[43]

text: Irene Oh argues that one solution is to approach the issue from the perspective of comparative (descriptive) ethics.[44]

text: Kutty writes: "A strong argument can be made that the current formulation of international human rights constitutes a cultural structure in which western society finds itself easily at home ... It is important to acknowledge and appreciate that other societies may have equally valid alternative conceptions of human rights."[45]

text: Ironically, a number of Islamic countries that as of 2014[update] are among the most resistant to UN intervention in domestic affairs, played an invaluable role in the creation of the Declaration, with countries such as Syria and Egypt having been strong proponents of the universality of human rights and the right of countries to self-determination.[46]

text: "The Right to Refuse to Kill"[edit]

text: Groups such as Amnesty International[47] and War Resisters International[48] have advocated for "The Right to Refuse to Kill" to be added to the Universal Declaration. War Resisters International has stated that the right to conscientious objection to military service is primarily derived from—but not yet explicit in—Article 18 of the UDHR: the right to freedom of thought, conscience, and religion.[48]

text: Steps have been taken within the United Nations to make this right more explicit, but —to date (2017)—[update] those steps have been limited to less significant United Nations documents. Sean MacBride—Assistant Secretary-General of the United Nations and Nobel Peace Prize laureate—has said: "To the rights enshrined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights one more might, with relevance, be added. It is 'The Right to Refuse to Kill'."[49]

text: American Anthropological Association[edit]

text: The American Anthropological Association criticized the UDHR while it was in its drafting process. The AAA warned that the document would be defining universal rights from a Western paradigm which would be unfair to countries outside of that scope. They further argued that the West's history of colonialism and Evangelicalism made them a problematic moral representative for the rest of the world. They proposed three notes for consideration with underlying themes of cultural relativism: "1. The individual realizes his personality through his culture, hence respect for individual differences entails a respect for cultural differences", "2. Respect for differences between cultures is validated by the scientific fact that no technique of qualitatively evaluating cultures has been discovered", and "3. Standards and values are relative to the culture from which they derive so that any attempt to formulate postulates that grow out of the beliefs or moral codes of one culture must to that extent detract from the applicability of any Declaration of Human Rights to mankind as a whole."[50]

text: Bangkok Declaration[edit]

text: During the lead up to the World Conference on Human Rights held in 1993, ministers from Asian states adopted the Bangkok Declaration, reaffirming their governments' commitment to the principles of the United Nations Charter and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. They stated their view of the interdependence and indivisibility of human rights and stressed the need for universality, objectivity, and non-selectivity of human rights. However, at the same time, they emphasized the principles of sovereignty and non-interference, calling for greater emphasis on economic, social, and cultural rights—in particular, the right to economic development over civil and political rights. The Bangkok Declaration is considered to be a landmark expression of the Asian values perspective, which offers an extended critique of human rights universalism.[51]

text: Organizations promoting the UDHR[edit]

text: International Federation for Human Rights[edit]

text: The International Federation for Human Rights (FIDH) is nonpartisan, nonsectarian, and independent of any government, and its core mandate is to promote respect for all the rights set out in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, and the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights.[52][53]

text: Amnesty International[edit]

text: In 1988, director Stephen R. Johnson and 41 international animators, musicians, and producers created a 20-minute video for Amnesty International to celebrate the 40th Anniversary of the Universal Declaration. The video was to bring to life the Declaration's 30 articles.[54]

text: Amnesty International celebrated Human Rights Day and the 60th anniversary of the Universal Declaration all over the world by organizing the "Fire Up!" event.[55]

text: Unitarian Universalist Service Committee[edit]

text: The Unitarian Universalist Service Committee (UUSC) is a non-profit, nonsectarian organization whose work around the world is guided by the values of Unitarian Universalism and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. It works to provide disaster relief and promote human rights and social justice around the world.

text: Quaker United Nations Office and American Friends Service Committee[edit]

text: The Quaker United Nations Office and the American Friends Service Committee work on many human rights issues, including improving education on the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. They have developed a Curriculum to help introduce High School students to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.[56][57]

text: American Library Association[edit]

text: In 1997, the council of the American Library Association (ALA) endorsed Article 19 from the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.[58] Along with Article 19, Article 18 and 20 are also fundamentally tied to the ALA Universal Right to Free Expression and the Library Bill of Rights.[59] Censorship, the invasion of privacy, and interference of opinions are human rights violations according to the ALA.

text: Youth for Human Rights International[edit]

text: Youth for Human Rights International (YHRI) is a non-profit organization founded in 2001 by Mary Shuttleworth, an educator born and raised in apartheid South Africa, where she witnessed firsthand the devastating effects of discrimination and the lack of basic human rights. The purpose of YHRI is to teach youth about human rights, specifically the United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights, and inspire them to become advocates for tolerance and peace. YHRI has now grown into a global movement, including hundreds of groups, clubs and chapters around the world.[60]