document_title: Tony Gordon

question_text: who did tony gordon kill in coronation street

text: Tony Gordon

text: Storylines[edit]

text: Backstory[edit]

text: Prior to arriving in Weatherfield, Tony was born in Scotland in 1971, followed by his younger brother Patrick. His father had a heart attack aged 39. Tony, however, had witnessed this, but didn't phone an ambulance as he felt his mother didn't need his father.  His grandfather had died aged 42 from a heart attack. In 1998, Tony married Lindsay (Susie Amy), who later had an affair with his brother, Patrick. Tony was a womaniser and only cared about money and mostly himself. He had run a business known as "Gordons Catalogues", and was also a property developer. In 2006, Tony and Lindsay divorced although she thought that he would eventually come back to her.

text: Tony arrives in Coronation Street in September 2007 as the owner of a clothing firm, giving a contract to Carla Connor (Alison King) and Liam Connor's (Rob James-Collier) lingerie factory Underworld.

text: He was unpopular with local residents for commissioning a new housing development in the area, destroying a bat roost in the process, much to the anger of bat enthusiast Roy Cropper (David Neilson). Planning to expand the Underworld factory, Tony attempts to convince shopkeeper Rita Sullivan (Barbara Knox) and mechanic Kevin Webster (Michael Le Vell) to sell their properties to him. When Kevin refuses, Tony enlists his friend Jimmy Dockerson (Robert Beck) to sabotage his business and persuades Kevin's daughter, Rosie Webster, to give him the garage accounts. He also bullies elderly resident Jed Stone (Kenneth Cope) out of his home, wanting to redevelop the site.

text: Tony begins a relationship with Carla, unaware she has romantic feelings for Liam. She breaks up with him in order to prove her feelings to Liam, but they later reconcile, becoming engaged. However, Rosie is aware of Carla and Liam's feelings for each other and tries to seduce Tony, but he makes it clear that he is not interested; so she shows him footage of Carla and Liam kissing the morning after their one-night stand. In revenge, he hires Jimmy as a hitman to kill Liam, running him over on Tony's stag night. A distraught Carla briefly leaves the country but marries Tony upon her return. Upon discovery of Carla's affair with Liam, his widow Maria (Samia Ghadie) begins to suspect Tony's involvement in his death. She confides in Jed Stone, who threatens to go to the police. Tony strangles Jed and initially believes him to be dead. He plans to dispose of his body, initially concealing his body inside a clothing container in Underworld, but is shocked to discover that Jed is in fact, still alive when the staff return and hear him shouting for help. He offers him a new flat in Wigan and £3,000 to leave the area and keep his secret. Maria begins a vendetta against Tony but he attempts to depict Maria as mentally unstable, raising Carla's suspicions in the process.[1] When Carla eventually confronts Tony and demands the truth, she tells Tony that she loved Liam more than him, and Tony admits to having him killed. Carla escapes and flees to Los Angeles. Tony has a short-lived relationship with hairdresser Natasha Blakeman (Rachel Leskovac). Maria begins to soften towards Tony when she finds him at Liam's grave. They become friends, and Tony supports her during her pregnancy and delivers her son, who she names Liam Anthony; his forename in honour of his late father and middle name as a tribute to Tony. Liam's parents disapprove of the developing relationship, leading Tony to threaten that if they do not leave Maria alone, they will never see their grandson again. Eventually, the relationship becomes romantic and Maria and Tony become engaged. Carla returns to Weatherfield, and instructs Tony to sell his shares in Underworld to her and leave the country; or she will tell the police what he did. Tony hires Jimmy to kill her but changes his mind at the last moment. Carla escapes from Jimmy by knocking him unconscious but Tony makes her think she has murdered him, leading them to call a temporary truce. Carla then leaves the country again.

text: While Maria visits her parents in Cyprus, Tony suffers a heart attack. He is taken to hospital by Roy, with whom he had previously clashed over the new housing development and confesses Liam's murder to him. He tries to buy Roy's silence but it doesn't work so he begins threatening him. Roy and his wife Hayley (Julie Hesmondhalgh) report him to the police and Roy decides to go bat spotting at the canal. When Maria comes looking for answers, Hayley tells her everything, unaware Tony is hiding behind the café counter with a knife. This upsets Tony even more and he goes to the canal and tries to kill Roy, but Tony's phone rings alerting Roy, so he pushes Roy in the water but has a change of heart, rescues him and confesses everything to the police. On 11 December 2009, Carla visits Tony in prison where he admits that Jimmy is still alive. He asks her if she thinks Maria will forgive him and she tells him that she never would and that he would be going to hell on his own, before leaving.

text: Tony reappears on 28 May 2010, as he plots his escape from prison with the help of cellmate Robbie Sloan (James Fleet). Tony feigns a heart attack after initiating a riot at the prison and is quickly taken to hospital by ambulance. Robbie runs the ambulance off the road and frees Tony and they head for Weatherfield. Together, they plan to take Carla and Hayley prisoner in the factory. Robbie tricks Carla into entering the factory with him alone, holds her at gunpoint and then leaves her tied to a chair and gagged with duct tape while he lures Hayley to the factory too. Tony appears, taking the tape off Carla's mouth allowing her to speak, announces his intention to kill them, double-crosses Robbie by revealing that he never intended to pay him the full amount that he promised, and after tricking Robbie into giving him his gun; shoots him dead. Maria gets caught in the siege after she goes into the factory and Tony holds her prisoner too. However, he lets her go and she goes to the pub and tells everyone that Tony is holding Carla and Hayley hostage. Becky McDonald (Katherine Kelly), Gary Windass (Mikey North) and Steve McDonald (Simon Gregson), amongst others, arrive outside the factory to try and help. Becky attempts to break the door down with a large pole. Tony later releases Hayley after Carla pleads with him, pushing her out of the door and causing her to fall over before setting fire to Underworld, after dousing the building with petrol, determined that he and Carla would die together. However, Carla manages to untie herself and, after a violent struggle, manages to escape, shooting Tony in the process. Tony walks into view, looks out of the open factory doors at the crowd watching from the street and then deliberately walks back into the fire. The factory explodes and Tony is killed. His and Robbie's bodies are removed from the building the following day.

text: British Press[edit]

text: In the media, specifically in the UK, he was given the humorous nickname of 'Toe Knee Gore-Don', a name which has since become synonymous with the character.

text: Character creation and casting[edit]

text: In August 2007, it was announced that actor Gray O'Brien had been cast as Tony, with The Mirror's Brian Roberts heralding him as the new Coronation Street "heartthrob".[2] O'Brien stated of his casting: "I'm delighted to be joining the cast of Corrie. Tony is a great character and I hope I'll be well received by the viewers. I've had a great time [on River City], but I'm looking forward to the new challenge."[3]

text: In June 2009, it was reported O'Brien had been asked by producers to return to the show at a later date to complete Tony's storyline. Tony's initial exit aired in November 2009 and O'Brien performed in pantomime before resuming filming in Spring 2010 for the conclusion to the story, which involved the character taking several others hostage in a siege at the factory, before killing himself in an explosion.[4]

text: Character development[edit]

text: In an interview with entertainment website Digital Spy, O'Brien described the dynamics behind his character ahead of the murder storyline, stating: "He does have boundaries - and the boundaries are that he won't be told 'no'. Anything up to that point is good enough. I don't think he's a murderous person. Tony killing Liam is just circumstances. He's come from nothing and has worked his way up. He's a respected businessman and he thinks it's all about fairness - you play with the sword, you die by the sword. He truly believes that everyone has a price. Up until this point, that's his game. His ambition is that he wants to retire in his mid 40s with several million in the bank. But now, something's come up to stop all that- Liam."[5] When interviewed by BBC News O' Brien spoke of the feasible length that his bad-boy character could remain on the show: "Coming in to play the Coronation Street villain has a life span, so I was aware of that. I knew he was going to be villainous, but I think it was all based on audience reaction that they liked him and the writers just went with it. So it's been a really organic process, I don't think I expected this to happen, quite as it has happened. I've got great faith in the writers at Coronation Street and entrust that they'll keep the momentum with the character going. He's a great character to play and he's popular so I do trust whichever way it ends will be the correct ending."[6] ITV publicity describe him as liking having power and making a lot of money but hating the competition that goes with it.[7]

text: Reception[edit]

text: In March 2009, at the All About Soap Bubble awards, the character won the trophy for 'Bad Boy'.[8] Two months later at the British Soap Awards Gray won 'Villain of the Year'.[9]

text: Tony, who is a fan of Celtic, dislikes their rivals Rangers. In one episode he remarks: "I could no more fancy Rosie Webster (Helen Flanagan) than I could support Glasgow Rangers". Supporters of Rangers took offence to this remark and flooded the ITV switchboard with calls of protest as they thought the remark was a retaliation for the 2008 UEFA Cup Final riots involving Rangers fans. Ironically, it was revealed that his brother has a season ticket for the club. He also once said he was a modern Robert the Bruce - fighting for his honour in the street and the business world. The Scottish Tourist Board claimed that this remark lead to a 4% increase in the historical figure from tourists.[10]

text: Gareth McLean of the Radio Times has described Tony as "the sort of man who would steal your teeth and come back for your gums" and commented that his friendship with Maria Connor softened his character.[11] In an advance press screening of the Liam Connor murder episodes, soaps editor for Digital Spy Kris Green applauded Gray O' Brien for his portrayal of Tony by saying that both he and co-star Alison King "steal the show."[12]


document_title: Winter Madness

question_text: 30 rock i went to college in boston

question_tokens: 30 rock i went to college in boston

root

text: Winter Madness

text: Plot[edit]

text: TGS head writer Liz Lemon (Tina Fey), along with producer Pete Hornberger (Scott Adsit), decides to take the show's staff to Miami for a week, due to Liz's hate of the cold weather and the staff's case of "winter madness". Her boss, Jack Donaghy (Alec Baldwin), decides to take them to Boston instead, so he can see Nancy Donovan (Julianne Moore), a woman Jack ponders having a possible romance with. He learns that Nancy's husband has left her as a way of getting her to ask for a divorce, but Nancy refuses to do so, fearing what others might think. Jack admits his true feelings to Nancy and insists that the two talk. She suggests that they should say four words to each other as a way of putting their relationship on hold; Jack says to her "I'll wait. Not forever", while Nancy tells him "I'll try. Wicked hard."

tag: p

text: Meanwhile, the TGS staff—Jenna Maroney (Jane Krakowski), Frank Rossitano (Judah Friedlander), James "Toofer" Spurlock (Keith Powell), J. D. Lutz (John Lutz), Sue Laroche-Van der Hout (Sue Galloway), Kenneth Parcell (Jack McBrayer), Cerie Xerox (Katrina Bowden), and Danny Baker (Cheyenne Jackson)—vent their anger at Liz; they complain that Boston is colder than New York, and they do not like sharing an office with the all-male staff of Boston Bruins fans who write for the Bruins Beat. Liz gets a tip from Jack to find a common enemy in the Boston affiliate of NBC. Liz comes up with the name "Dale Snitterman", and tells the staff that Snitterman is causing all of their problems, not realizing until later that she had seen the name somewhere and did not make it up. At that point, the staff finds Snitterman (Ray Bokhour) and harass him.

text: At the same time, Tracy Jordan (Tracy Morgan) goes on Boston's Freedom Trail. He accuses the actor playing John Hancock (Kevin Meaney) that his character did not actually set all Americans free. When he tells him "Patriots suck!", he inadvertently says it near a group of New England Patriots fans. At the end of the episode, Hancock brings in the Crispus Attucks character and tells Tracy he does have black friends. When Hancock says he met Attucks in 1775, Tracy is able to one up him as he knows that Attucks was killed in the Boston Massacre in 1770.

text: Production[edit]

text: "Winter Madness" was written by script co-coordinator Tom Ceraulo and co-producer Vali Chandrasekaran, and directed by Beth McCarthy-Miller.[1] This episode was Ceraulo's second writing credit, having co-written season three episode "The Funcooker,[2] and the first written episode by Chandrasekaran. This was McCarthy-Miller's tenth directed episode. "Winter Madness" originally aired in the United States on January 21, 2010, on NBC as the eleventh episode of the show's fourth season and the 69th overall episode of the series.

text: In November 2009, it was announced that actress Julianne Moore would guest star on 30 Rock as a love interest for Jack Donaghy, Alec Baldwin's character.[3] She made her debut as the character Nancy Donovan in the December 10, 2009, episode "Secret Santa".[4] This episode was Moore's second appearance on the show. "Winter Madness" was filmed on November 17, 2009.[5] Comedian Kevin Meaney guest starred as the actor portraying John Hancock.[1][6] This was actor Cheyenne Jackson's fourth appearance as Danny Baker in the series. He made his debut in the November 12, 2009, episode "The Problem Solvers",[7] and would later guest star on the episodes "Secret Santa",[8] "Black Light Attack!",[9] "Floyd",[10] and "The Moms".[11] In "Winter Madness", while venting their anger towards Liz, Danny admits his refusal to hit on Jenna.[12]

text: Cultural references[edit]

text: In the beginning of the episode, Liz complains about the cold weather saying that she has been stuck inside her apartment playing online Boggle, a word game designed by using a plastic grid of lettered dice, in which players attempt to find words in sequences of adjacent letters.[13] Later, Jack tells Liz that she is the female version of former Boston Celtics basketball player Kevin McHale.[6] Jack's Boston office is a duplication of his New York one. When Liz enters, Jack asks her if she can tell which seven items are different, prompting the two to look into the camera and smile and thus breaking the fourth wall, a term used when a character in a television show, film or on stage directly addresses the audience.[14] In one scene, Jack says that many Boston residents have named their daughters "Belichick", after New England Patriots head coach Bill Belichick.[14]

text: During one scene of "Winter Madness", Toofer tells the writing staff that he went to college in Boston, "Well, not in Boston, but nearby", mocking a common stereotype of Harvard students that they will not mention that they attend the University, for fear of intimidating anyone, but will still strongly hint to it.[13] Later, Jack and Nancy imitate former Boston newscasters Chet Curtis and Natalie Jacobson, who were the most-watched news team in Boston for twenty years.[13][15] Nancy tells Jack that her husband moved to New Orleans to rebuild houses that were affected by Hurricane Katrina as part of actor Brad Pitt's Make It Right Foundation, an organization building affordable housing to help those families most in need following the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina.[6][16]

text: Reception[edit]

text: In its original American broadcast, "Winter Madness" was watched by 5.585 million households, according to the Nielsen Media Research. It received a 2.8 rating/7 share among viewers in the 18–49 demographic,[17] meaning that 2.8 percent of all people in that group, and 7 percent of all people from that group watching television at the time, watched the episode. This was an increase from the previous episode, "Black Light Attack!", which was watched by 5.014 million American viewers.[18] "Winter Madness" ranked third in the timeslot and was the only episode getting more viewers, going up 22 percent from the previous week's episode rating.[17]

text: The episode received generally mixed reviews from television critics. Robert Canning of IGN said the episode was great and gave it an 8.8 out 10 rating, saying that he was "impressed" with how the ending handled Jack and Nancy's "not-quite romance." Canning enjoyed the "platonic romance" between them saying, "A lesser series could have simply had the pair hook up, break up and move on, but 30 Rock has drawn out the relationship with flirtation, what-ifs and possible future ex-husbands."[14] Meredith Blake, writing for the Los Angeles Times, found the episode "perfectly" and "well-timed".[19] Leonard Pierce for The A.V. Club said that the episode started "out wicked strong, with everyone in the cast getting great lines". In regards to the two plots, Pierce said that the Liz, TGS, and Dale Snitterman story was "stuffed with great comedic moments", while the Jack and Nancy angle just sat there and flopped "around like a dying fish."[20] Bob Sassone of AOL's TV Squad enjoyed the Boston theme in "Winter Madness"; his only complaint was that the episode had nothing to do with TGS, the fictional show on 30 Rock. "I'm getting a little tired of that. I want more sketches and NBC network shenanigans."[13]

text: Entertainment Weekly’s Margaret Lyons reported that "Winter Madness" was "something of a letdown." She commented that Julianne Moore's Nancy was not "funny enough" as a "romantic foil for Jack", and that taking the show to Boston seemed off the mark.[21] Television columnist Alan Sepinwall for The Star-Ledger reported that "Winter Madness" fell into the category of an episode that featured "a lot of funny gags but aren't wholly satisfying" and added that it "just stopped, rather than building to a real conclusion".[22] Sean Gandert of Paste rated unfavorably the pairing of Alec Baldwin and Julianne Moore's characters, citing that they do not have "much rapport, so the scenes with the two of them together are a bit dead, as much as I usually enjoy seeing Julianne Moore in pretty much anything."[23] Amos Barshad for New York magazine criticized Moore's Boston accent, citing that it was "atrocious",[24] while TV Guide Magazine’s Bruce Fretts opined that the accent was "wicked bad". Regarding the episode itself, Fretts said that it was "weak".[6]

text: Despite the criticism towards Moore's Boston accent in the series, executive producer Robert Carlock, who is from Boston, defended Moore. In an interview with New York magazine, Carlock said, "I grew up with people like that. Not everyone talks like that in Boston, but I think she's enough of an actress to pull it off." When asked if her accent "sounded realistic", he noted, "I'm going to go with that. I know people who sound like that."[25] In response to the accent, Moore explained "I went to school in Boston and worked with a lot of guys from Dorchester, so that's where [the accent] came from. We made it thick ... for humor's sake, but then again, not really. There are folks with seriously heavy accents there, and they are proud of it."[26]


document_title: List of The Fosters characters

question_text: what is jude's friends name on the fosters

question_tokens: what is jude 's friends name on the fosters

text: List of The Fosters characters

text: Cast[edit]

text:
Actor

Character

Seasons

1

2

3

4

5

Main cast

Teri Polo

Stephanie "Stef" Adams Foster

Main

Sherri Saum

Lena Adams Fosters

Main

Jake T. Austin

Jesus Adams Foster

Main

Noah Centineo

Main

Hayden Byerly

Jude Adams Fosters

Main

David Lambert

Brandon Foster

Main

Maia Mitchell

Callie Adams Foster

Main

Danny Nucci

Mike Foster A

Main

Cierra Ramirez

Mariana Adams Foster

Main

tag: table

text: A  In season 5, Danny Nucci is only credited on the episodes in which Mike appears but still in the opening titles.

tag: ul

text: Main characters[edit]

text: Stef Adams Foster[edit]

text: Stefanie "Stef" Marie Adams Foster (season 1–present) is a police officer. She and Mike Foster, her partner at work, are Brandon's biological parents. They divorced shortly after Stef met Lena and realized she's a lesbian and wanted to be with her. In a flashback in episode 9, when she first met the twins, it is shown that she has a very caring nature despite her tough appearance. At the end of episode 1x10, Stef and Lena are officially married, legally cementing their long-term union of ten years. Stef is very strong and tough, but is also very funny and loving. Callie initially doesn't feel comfortable around her due to her position as a cop, but gradually forms a close bond with her. While Stef likes to act tough around everyone, especially Lena, it is shown that she cares a great deal about her wife and family, although she won't hesitate to discipline her kids if need be.

text: Lena Adams Foster[edit]

text: Lena Elizabeth Adams Foster (season 1–present) is Stef's wife, Brandon's stepmother, and the other children's adoptive/foster mother. While neither she or Stef are really the dominant one in their relationship, Lena has a more motherly nature. She is good with kids and tries often to reason with her kids more so than punish them, despite Stef's usually "quick to act" nature. She is the biracial vice principal of the charter school the kids attend. In episode 8, she and Stef get into a fight about Lena wanting to be married and never discussing it, showing that while she is more a lover than a fighter she will defend herself, but more so around Stef than anyone else. It was Lena who decided to take Callie in after she was released from the juvenile detention center. Lena is very aware of the people around her and takes on the role of caring mother to all of the kids. She is artificially inseminated with co-worker Timothy's sperm, desiring to have a biological child of her own, and finds out she is pregnant shortly afterwards in the season 1 finale. However, in season 2, she is diagnosed with life-threatening preeclampisa and, consequently, loses the baby.

text: Jesus Adams Foster[edit]

text: Jesus Adams Foster "(season 1–present) 16, was one of the twins that Lena and Stef fostered as children and eventually adopted. He is the more laid-back of the twins. He had ADHD, for which he took medication. After a fainting spell caused by his pills in "House and Home", he decided with the suggestion of Mike to join the wrestling team to cope with negative effects of ADHD. He is close with his sister as they were both in the foster care system and he acted as her protector; however their personalities and values clash occasionally, causing many arguments. He even went as far to take the blame for her selling his pills to have money for their birth mom, Ana, who he feels disgust and resentment towards because she chose drugs over him and his sister. He starts dating Mariana's childhood best friend Lexi, in "Consequently" after defending her from a guy. He falls out with his sister in "Quinceanera" when she finds out he's been secretly dating Lexi and feels betrayed by Jesus for doing so. They make up in "The Fall-Out". He has sex with Lexi once in "The Morning After". His relationship with Lexi is on hold when she moves back to Honduras because her grandmother is sick and her family cannot find a way back as they are undocumented immigrants. He eventually moves on from their relationship and falls into a love triangle between wrestling mate Emma and popular girl Hayley.

text: Jude Adams Foster[edit]

text: Jude Adams Foster (season 1–present) is Callie's 13-year-old half brother, who Callie and Brandon rescue from an abusive foster home. He is a quiet child with somewhat more optimistic views on foster homes than Callie, though he has been moved from foster home to foster home along with his sister and been abused as well. Once he is moved into the Fosters' home, he quickly begins to adjust to the new lifestyle and becomes more talkative and energetic. At school, he develops a close friendship with a handsome and kind-hearted boy named Connor, a growing relationship which prompts Jude to begin questioning his sexuality.[6][7] As the series progresses, Jude turns 13 and is subsequently adopted by Lena and Stef, although a technicality regarding Callie's birth certificate prevents her from being adopted along with him. He deals with the emotional impact of Callie becoming close to her biological family, but realizes that she will always be with him no matter what. He later develops a romance with his best friend, Connor, and the two begin dating in the season 2 finale. In the mid-season 3 finale the two admit they love each other for the first time after Connor considers moving to Los Angeles to live with his more accepting mother. Then a little more after that Taylor asked if Jude wanted to go to church then meets a boy named Noah then he asks Jude if he wants to try pot so they are not allowed to see each other.

text: Brandon Foster[edit]

text: Brandon Foster (season 1–present) is the 22-year-old son of Stef and her ex-husband, Mike. He is one of Callie's love interests. He is very talented musically, specifically with the piano, and writes piano pieces which he presents for chances at scholarships. He has been shown to have an unsteady relationship with his father, Mike, due to the fact that Mike is a struggling alcoholic and has disappointed him many times through his childhood and teen years. At the start of Season 1, Brandon has a girlfriend named Talya, but breaks up with her because of his growing feelings for Callie and his annoyance and anger at her harassment and jealousy directed at Callie. For most of the first season, Brandon continues to pursue Callie romantically, even though she warned him that she could be kicked out of the house if they got involved. Brandon continues to make reckless decisions, included violating a restraining order, in order to be with Callie. Ultimately, he accepts that Callie needs a family more than a relationship, and eventually agrees to a mutual break up. He eventually joins a band and begins a relationship with bandmate Lou.

text: Callie Adams Foster[edit]

text: Callie Adams Foster (season 1–present), 17, is one of the Foster family's new foster children. Callie is headstrong and tough as a result of being in the foster system since she was a child, but holds a soft spot for her younger brother Jude. She was sent to Juvie for destroying a car in order to protect him from their foster father's abuse. After she is released from Juvie and placed with the Fosters, Callie and Brandon rescue Jude, who is subsequently fostered by the Foster family as well. Callie has had a hard life— her mother is dead and her father is in jail and she has been abused in many ways in the foster care system. She initially has trouble opening herself up to her new family, but she slowly comes to love and accept them as her "forever" family. Initially, Callie opens up mainly to Brandon, and the two develop a romantic relationship, although it is forbidden by the rules of the foster system, which soon meets a heartbreaking end. Callie also holds an on-again, off-again relationship with a classmate named Wyatt. Unfortunately, after the Fosters decide to adopt Callie and Jude, Callie learns that the man she thought was her father (Donald Jacob) is not. She then pursues to meet her biological father, as well as her half-sister who looks as if she could be her identical twin. In the episode "Lucky" from season 3, she is officially adopted and an "Adams Foster."

text: Mike Foster[edit]

text: Michael "Mike" Foster (season 1–present) is a San Diego police sergeant, Brandon's father, and Stef's ex-husband and ex-police patrol partner. As the series progresses, it is revealed that Mike has a drinking problem, but joins AA to cope with it. A frequent visitor to the Foster household, Mike is familiar with his son's family. Toward the end of the first season, he started dating Dani, who helped him to keep his sobriety. However, he soon discovers that Dani had sex with a drunken Brandon one night and arrests her for statutory rape. Since then, Mike helps Ana come to terms with her addiction and live a clean life.

text: Mariana Adams Foster[edit]

text: Mariana Adams Foster (season 1–present) is Jesus's 16-year-old twin sister. She was fostered as a young child, and eventually adopted, by Lena and Stef. She is very smart and girly, and cares about her appearance very much. She is popular and social, likes to gossip, and speaks Spanish fluently. She is naive when it comes to certain topics - especially her birth mother, but she smartens up about her when finally realizing she was using her for money. She changes herself for guys and friends like in "The Morning After" when she sees that an old friend, Garrett is cute now and writes poetry, she goes to a Poetry Slam with him, and pierces her nose herself for him since he was hanging out with a girl who was dressed much edgier than Mariana. Also, in season 2, she dyes her hair blonde to fit in when making it on a dance team only to overhear the other girls say she only did because she is Latina. However, she eventually gains the confidence in herself to not give in to what other people say and make her feel. Mariana has a thing for the bad boys later on in the seasons and she gets caught up into some trouble. Her ex-boyfriend Nick gets put into a mental hospital because he was hearing voices.

text: Recurring and minor characters[edit]

text: Cast[edit]

text:
Actor

Character

Seasons

1

2

3

4

5

Recurring and Guest cast

Alexandra Barreto

Ana Gutierrez

Recurring

Daffany Clark

Daphne Keene

Recurring

Guest

Gavin MacIntosh

Connor Stevens

Recurring

Guest

Amanda Leighton

Emma Kurtzman

Recurring

Guest

Recurring

Alex Saxon

Wyatt

Recurring

Guest

Guest

Jay Ali

M. Timothy

Recurring

Guest

Marla Sokoloff

Danielle "Dani" Kirkland

Recurring

Rosie O'Donnell

Rita Hendricks

Recurring

Guest

Recurring

Tom Phelan

Cole

Recurring

Guest

Guest

Cherinda Kincherlow

Kiara

Recurring

Guest

Alicia Sixtos

Carmen Cruz

Recurring

Guest

Annamarie Kennoyer

Becka

Recurring

Guest

Reiley McClendon

Vico Cerar

Recurring

Guest

Madisen Beaty

Talya Banks

Recurring

Guest

Bianca A. Santos

Lexi Rivera

Recurring

Guest

April Parker-Jones

Captain Roberts

Recurring

Guest

Anne Winters

Kelsey

Recurring

Julian de la Celle

Zachary Rogers

Recurring

Lorraine Toussaint

Dana Adams

Guest

Annie Potts

Sharon Elkin

Guest

Sam McMurray

Frank Cooper

Recurring

Guest

Adam Kang

Aiden

Guest

Guest

Michael Traynor

Craig

Guest

Guest

Brandon W. Jones

Liam Olmstead

Guest

Michael Patrick McGill

Coach Spears

Guest

Annika Marks

Monte Porter

Recurring

Jordan Rodrigues

Mat Tan

Recurring

Guest

Kerr Smith

Robert Quinn

Recurring

Guest

Ashley Argota

Lucy "Lou" Chan

Recurring

Guest

Bailee Madison

Sophia Quinn

Recurring

Guest

Jack DePew

Jasper Landry

Recurring

Guest

Caitlin Carver

Hayley Heinz

Recurring

Guest

Valerie Dillman

Jill Quinn

Recurring

Guest

Chris Bruno

Adam Stevens

Recurring

Guest

Hannah Kasulka

Kaitlyn Reihl

Recurring

Samantha Logan

Tia Stephens

Recurring

Izabela Vidovic

Taylor Shaw

Guest

Recurring

Marlene Forte

Elena Gutierrez

Guest

Madison Pettis

Daria

Guest

Tony Plana

Victor Gutierrez

Guest

Guest

Judy Kain

Lauren

Guest

Guest

Alberto De Diego

Rafael

Guest

Tom Williamson

AJ Hensdale

Recurring

Brandon Quinn

Gabriel "Gabe" Duncroft

Recurring

Denyse Tontz

Cortney Strathmore

Recurring

Guest

Louis Hunter

Nick Stratos

Recurring

Guest

Chris Warren

Ty Hensdale

Recurring

Guest

Tanner Buchanan

Jack Downey

Recurring

Guest

Keean Johnson

Tony

Recurring

Kelli Williams

Justina Marks

Recurring

Pepi Sonuga

Sally Benton

Recurring

Benjamin and Alexander Freitas

Mason Strathmore

Guest

Recurring

Guest

Mark Totty

Craig Stratos

Guest

Recurring

Guest

Various babies

Isabella Gutierrez

Guest

Anna Grace Barlow

Zoey

Guest

Elliot Fletcher

Aaron Baker

Recurring

Kalama Epstein

Noah

Recurring

Alex Skuby

Joe Gray

Recurring

Guest

Meg DeLacy

Grace Mullen

Guest

Recurring

Jared Ward

Drew Turner

Guest

Recurring

Adam Irigoyen

Kyle Snow

Guest

Mercedes Colon

Margo Velasquez

Guest

Lisseth Chavez

Ximena Sinfuego

Recurring

Reggie Austin

Dean Bayfield

Recurring

Kristen Ariza

Teresa "Tess" Bayfield

Recurring

Christopher Meyer

Logan Bayfield

Recurring

Nandy Martin

Poppy Sinfuego

Recurring

Nick Fink

Shawn

Recurring

Nia Peeples

Susan Mullen

Guest

Abigail Cowan

Eliza

Recurring

Dallas Young

Corey

Recurring

text: Characters[edit]

text:
Annika Marks as Monte Porter (season 2-present), the principal at Anchor Beach Community Charter School. An attractive, personable professional woman, Monte wants to focus on administration, budget and finance, giving Lena control over student curriculum.
Bianca A. Santos as Lexi Rivera (season 1, season 3): Mariana's best friend and Jesus' ex-girlfriend who moves to Honduras in "Honeymoon". She is also an undocumented immigrant.[5]
Jordan Rodrigues as Mat (season 2-present): A guitarist in Lou's band. Mariana has a small crush on him and they soon begin a relationship together.[8]
Alex Saxon as Wyatt (season 1-present): Callie's friend and on-again, off-again boyfriend. In "I Do" Wyatt reveals that his mother is moving him to Indiana to live with his grandmother.[9] He returns in "Metropolis" and resumes his relationship with Callie.
Madisen Beaty as Talya Banks (season 1, season 3): Brandon's girlfriend in the beginning of the series before the two broke up. Brandon broke up with her due to her intense jealousy over Callie. After this, she remains Callie's enemy.
Alexandra Barreto as Ana Gutierrez (season 1-present): Mariana and Jesus' biological mother. She is a drug addict, and repeatedly tries to manipulate Mariana into giving her money to support her addiction. She even suggests that Mariana steal something from her parents in order to obtain more money for herself. Mike helps her to finally become sober and it is later revealed that she is pregnant and hopes to be a better mother than she was to Mariana and Jesus.
April Parker Jones as Captain Roberts (season 1, season 4): Stef and Mike's boss.
Anne Winters as Kelsey (season 1): A girl who is sent to a rehab after having problems with drugs. She is a friend of Mariana's, and after coming back from rehab, becomes her enemy because they both liked the same guy.[10]
Brandon W. Jones as Liam Olmstead (season 1-present): A boy from one of Callie's previous foster homes. Liam raped Callie while she was living with his family as a foster child and lied that she came onto him, resulting in her and Jude being forced out of the home.[11][12]
Justina Machado as Sofía "Sophia" Rivera (season 1): Lexi's protective and religious mother. Despite being religious, she and her husband support the LGBT community.[13]
Carlos Sanz as Ernesto Rivera (season 1): Sofia's husband and Lexi's father.
Gavin MacIntosh as Connor Stevens (season 1-season 3): Jude's classmate, best friend and, later, love interest, who accepts Jude as he is and encourages him to express his true personality. In season two, he informs Jude that his dad thinks Jude is gay and doesn't want him to spend time with Jude anymore because of it. Despite pressure from his dad, the two were able to maintain a friendship together. Later, it's revealed that the two boys kissed while on a school camping trip in their shared tent together, a moment they have ignored ever since. As their friendship continues to evolve, their relationship becomes complicated. In the episode "Now Hear This", they kiss on-screen for the first time and at the end of the next episode, Connor is shot in the foot and, in the next episode, officially comes out to his father and Jude. After finally being able to see Jude, they begin to officially date. In the mid-season 3 finale, Connor decides to move to Los Angeles to live with his mother due to his father's continuing homophobia and inability to accept him. Though both are heartbroken, Connor and Jude agree to maintain a long-distance relationship and profess their love for each other for the first time.
Amanda Leighton as Emma (season 1-present): A girl on Jesus' wrestling team who is known to be independent, semi-bossy and tom-boyish. She is a love interest for Jesus and the two began dating, but broke up due to her bossiness in their relationship.
Julian De La Celle as Zac Rogers (season 1): A boy who worked on the school play with Mariana and was her first boyfriend. They dated until he had to move away to live with his dad when his mother was diagnosed with early on Alzheimer's.
Garrett Clayton as Chase (season 1, season 3): Mariana's former love interest and star of the high school play.
Jay Ali as Timothy (season 1-present): Callie's and Talya's literature teacher. They call him by his first name.[14] He was Stef and Lenas' new baby's biological father before the baby died due to pregnancy complications.
Mary Mouser as Sarah (season 1-2): A foster child in Callie's foster child support group who was staying with Liam and his family. Callie became worried for her safety upon learning Liam was with her. She was then taken out of Liam's home after Callie confessed to Lena and Stef about Liam assaulting her.
Sam McMurray as Frank Cooper (season 1, season 5): Stef's late father, who struggled to accept Stef's relationship with Lena. He dies in "Family Day", deeply affecting Stef who regretted never making amends with him. A vision of Frank appears to Stef in season 5.
Annie Potts as Sharon Elkin (season 1-present): Stef's supportive mother and ex-wife of Frank.
Lorraine Toussaint as Dana Adams (season 1-present): Lena's mother who is oblivious to Lena's biracial struggles. The two have something of a rocky relationship, due to Dana not seeing Lena as a "real" African American woman, but Dana is there for Lena when she needs it.
Stephen Collins/Bruce Davison as Reverend Stuart Adams (season 1-present): Lena's father.
Daffany Clark as Daphne (season 1-present): A girl in Callie's group home who becomes one of her best friends. She has a young daughter who she intends to get back one day.
Rosie O'Donnell as Rita Hendricks (season 1-present): A leader of a group home who befriends Callie.
Tom Phelan as Cole (season 1-present): A transgender boy in Callie's group home.
Cherinda Kincherlow as Kiara (season 1-present): Callie's roommate as well as house sponsor while Callie is at Girls United. She offers Callie advice on how to survive at Girls United.
Marla Sokoloff as Dani (season 1-2): Mike's girlfriend and recovering alcoholic. She wants to help Brandon out in his daily struggles, even supporting his relationship with Callie until she breaks up with him. After she and Mike break up, she ends up having sex with a drunken Brandon. After this, she later gets back together with Mike. Despite trying to convince him to keep their one night stand a secret, Brandon confesses about having sex with her, therefore getting Dani arrested for statutory rape.
Romy Rosemont as Amanda Rogers (season 1): Zac's mother who suffers from Early-onset Alzheimer's disease.
Reiley McClendon as Vico (season 1-2): A boy on the wrestling team that brings Brandon in on the fake ID's. After Brandon scares away all of his customers, he seeks revenge by jumping Brandon at night and breaking his hand. He is now attending military school and is on probation.
Caitlin Carver as Hayley Heinz (season 2-present): A dancer with Mariana on the dance team who has a secret relationship with Jesus before being dumped by him.
Kerr Smith as Robert Quinn (season 2-present): Callie's biological father. He grows attached to Callie after getting to know her and, despite promising to hand her over to the Fosters, finds himself unable to give her up. He soon refuses to sign his abandonment papers, devastating Callie.
Bailee Madison as Sophia Quinn (season 2-present): Robert Quinn's other daughter and Callie's biological paternal half-sister, who wants to meet her. They develop a close relationship. In the summer finale, she reveals that when Robert tried to send the adoption papers, she ripped them up and threw them out so Callie couldn't get adopted. After an upset Callie yells at Sophia, calling her a "spoiled little brat", Sophia locks herself in the bathroom in tears.
Ashley Argota as Lou (season 2-present): An attractive singer in whom Brandon takes an interest.[15]


document_title: List of Presidents of the United States

question_text: how many presidents were republican and how many were democrat

text: List of Presidents of the United States

text: Presidents

text:
Unaffiliated (2)       Federalist (1)       Democratic-Republican (4)       Democratic (15)       Whig (4)       Republican (19)       National Union (2)

Presidency[a]
President
Prior office[b]
Party[c]
Term[d]
Vice President

1
April 30, 1789
[e]
–
March 4, 1797

George Washington
1732–1799
(Lived: 67 years)
[3][4][5]
Commander-in-Chief
of the
Continental Army
(1775–1783)

Unaffiliated
[2]
(1788–89)
1
(1789)
John Adams
[f][g]

(1792)
2
(1793)

2
March 4, 1797
–
March 4, 1801

John Adams
1735–1826
(Lived: 90 years)
[6][7][8]
1st
Vice President of the United States

Federalist
(1796)
3
(1797)
Thomas Jefferson
[h]

3
March 4, 1801
–
March 4, 1809

Thomas Jefferson
1743–1826
(Lived: 83 years)
[9][10][11]
2nd
Vice President of the United States

Democratic-
Republican
(1800)
4
(1801)
Aaron Burr
March 4, 1801 – March 4, 1805

(1804)
5
(1805)
George Clinton
March 4, 1805 – March 4, 1809

4
March 4, 1809
–
March 4, 1817

James Madison
1751–1836
(Lived: 85 years)
[12][13][14]
5th
United States Secretary of State
(1801–1809)

Democratic-
Republican
(1808)
6
(1809)
George Clinton
March 4, 1809 – April 20, 1812
(Died in office)

Office vacant
(Balance of Clinton's term)

(1812)
7
(1813)
Elbridge Gerry
March 4, 1813 – November 23, 1814
(Died in office)

Office vacant
(Balance of Gerry's term)

5
March 4, 1817
–
March 4, 1825

James Monroe
1758–1831
(Lived: 73 years)
[15][16][17]
7th
United States Secretary of State
(1811–1817)

Democratic-
Republican
(1816)
8
(1817)
Daniel D. Tompkins

(1820)
9
(1821)

6
March 4, 1825
–
March 4, 1829

John Q. Adams
1767–1848
(Lived: 80 years)
[18][19][20]
8th
United States Secretary of State
(1817–1825)

Democratic-
Republican
(1824)
10
(1825)
John C. Calhoun

7
March 4, 1829
–
March 4, 1837

Andrew Jackson
1767–1845
(Lived: 78 years)
[21][22][23]
U.S. Senator (Class 2) from Tennessee
(1797–1798 & 1823–1825)

Democratic
(1828)
11
(1829)
John C. Calhoun
[i]
March 4, 1829 – December 28, 1832
(Resigned from office)

Office vacant
(Balance of Calhoun's term)

(1832)
12
(1833)
Martin Van Buren
March 4, 1833 – March 4, 1837

8
March 4, 1837
–
March 4, 1841

Martin Van Buren
1782–1862
(Lived: 79 years)
[24][25][26]
8th
Vice President of the United States

Democratic
(1836)
13
(1837)
Richard M. Johnson

9
March 4, 1841
–
April 4, 1841
(Died in office)

William H. Harrison
1773–1841
(Lived: 68 years)
[27][28][29]
United States Minister to Colombia
(1828–1829)

Whig
(1840)
14
(1841)
(1841)
[j]
John Tyler
(Succeeded to presidency)

10
April 4, 1841
[k]
–
March 4, 1845

John Tyler
1790–1862
(Lived: 71 years)
[30][31][32]
10th
Vice President of the United States

Whig
April 4, 1841 – September 13, 1841
Office vacant

Unaffiliated
September 13, 1841 – March 4, 1845
[l]

11
March 4, 1845
–
March 4, 1849

James K. Polk
1795–1849
(Lived: 53 years)
[33][34][35]
9th
Governor of Tennessee
(1839–1841)

Democratic
(1844)
15
(1845)
George M. Dallas

12

March 4, 1849
–
July 9, 1850
(Died in office)

Zachary Taylor
1784–1850
(Lived: 65 years)
[36][37][38]
Major General of the 1st Infantry Regiment
United States Army
(1846–1849)
(No prior elected office)

Whig
(1848)
16
(1849)
(1850)
[j]
Millard Fillmore
(Succeeded to presidency)

13
July 9, 1850
[m]
–
March 4, 1853

Millard Fillmore
1800–1874
(Lived: 74 years)
[39][40][41]
12th
Vice President of the United States

Whig
Office vacant

14
March 4, 1853
–
March 4, 1857

Franklin Pierce
1804–1869
(Lived: 64 years)
[42][43][44]
Brigadier General of the 9th Infantry
United States Army
(1847–1848)

Democratic
(1852)
17
(1853)
William R. King
March 4 – April 18, 1853
(Died in office)

Office vacant
(Balance of King's term)

15
March 4, 1857
–
March 4, 1861

James Buchanan
1791–1868
(Lived: 77 years)
[45][46][47]
United States Minister to the
Court of St James's
(1853–1856)

Democratic
(1856)
18
(1857)
John C. Breckinridge

16
March 4, 1861
–
April 15, 1865
(Died in office)

Abraham Lincoln
1809–1865
(Lived: 56 years)
[48][49][50]
U.S. Representative for Illinois' 7th District
(1847–1849)

Republican
(National Union)
[n]
(1860)
19
(1861)
Hannibal Hamlin
March 4, 1861 – March 4, 1865

(1864)
20
(1865)
(1865)
[j]
Andrew Johnson
March 4 – April 15, 1865
(Succeeded to presidency)

17
April 15, 1865
–
March 4, 1869

Andrew Johnson
1808–1875
(Lived: 66 years)
[51][52][53]
16th
Vice President of the United States

National Union
April 15, 1865 – c. 1868
Office vacant

Democratic
c. 1868 – March 4, 1869
[o]

18

March 4, 1869
–
March 4, 1877

Ulysses S. Grant
1822–1885
(Lived: 63 years)
[54][55][56]
Commanding General of the U.S. Army
(1864–1869)
(No prior elected office)

Republican
(1868)
21
(1869)
Schuyler Colfax
March 4, 1869 – March 4, 1873

(1872)
22
(1873)
Henry Wilson
March 4, 1873 – November 22, 1875
(Died in office)

Office vacant
(Balance of Wilson's term)

19
March 4, 1877
–
March 4, 1881

Rutherford B. Hayes
1822–1893
(Lived: 70 years)
[57][58][59]
29th & 32nd
Governor of Ohio
(1868–1872 & 1876–1877)

Republican
(1876)
23
(1877)
William A. Wheeler

20
March 4, 1881
–
September 19, 1881
(Died in office)

James A. Garfield
1831–1881
(Lived: 49 years)
[60][61][62]
U.S. Representative for Ohio's 19th District
(1863–1881)

Republican
(1880)
24
(1881)
(1881)
[j]
Chester A. Arthur
(Succeeded to presidency)

21
September 19, 1881
[p]
–
March 4, 1885

Chester A. Arthur
1829–1886
(Lived: 57 years)
[63][64][65]
20th
Vice President of the United States

Republican
Office vacant

22
March 4, 1885
–
March 4, 1889

Grover Cleveland
1837–1908
(Lived: 71 years)
[66][67]
28th
Governor of New York
(1883–1885)

Democratic
(1884)
25
(1885)
Thomas A. Hendricks
March 4 – November 25, 1885
(Died in office)

Office vacant
(Balance of Hendricks' term)

23
March 4, 1889
–
March 4, 1893

Benjamin Harrison
1833–1901
(Lived: 67 years)
[68][69][70]
U.S. Senator (Class 1) from Indiana
(1881–1887)

Republican
(1888)
26
(1889)
Levi P. Morton

24
March 4, 1893
–
March 4, 1897

Grover Cleveland
1837–1908
(Lived: 71 years)
[66][67]
22nd
President of the United States
(1885–1889)

Democratic
(1892)
27
(1893)
Adlai Stevenson

25
March 4, 1897
–
September 14, 1901
(Died in office)

William McKinley
1843–1901
(Lived: 58 years)
[71][72][73]
39th
Governor of Ohio
(1892–1896)

Republican
(1896)
28
(1897)
Garret Hobart
March 4, 1897 – November 21, 1899
(Died in office)

Office vacant
(Balance of Hobart's term)

(1900)
29
(1901)
(1901)
[j]
Theodore Roosevelt
March 4 – September 14, 1901
(Succeeded to presidency)

26
September 14, 1901
–
March 4, 1909

Theodore Roosevelt
1858–1919
(Lived: 60 years)
[74][75][76]
25th
Vice President of the United States

Republican
Office vacant
September 14, 1901 – March 4, 1905

(1904)
30
(1905)
Charles W. Fairbanks
March 4, 1905 – March 4, 1909

27
March 4, 1909
–
March 4, 1913

William H. Taft
1857–1930
(Lived: 72 years)
[77][78][79]
42nd
United States Secretary of War
(1904–1908)

Republican
(1908)
31
(1909)
James S. Sherman
March 4, 1909 – October 30, 1912
(Died in office)

Office vacant
(Balance of Sherman's term)

28
March 4, 1913
–
March 4, 1921

Woodrow Wilson
1856–1924
(Lived: 67 years)
[80][81][82]
34th
Governor of New Jersey
(1911–1913)

Democratic
(1912)
32
(1913)
Thomas R. Marshall

(1916)
33
(1917)

29
March 4, 1921
–
August 2, 1923
(Died in office)

Warren G. Harding
1865–1923
(Lived: 57 years)
[83][84][85]
U.S. Senator (Class 3) from Ohio
(1915–1921)

Republican
(1920)
34
(1921)
(1923)
[j]
Calvin Coolidge
(Succeeded to presidency)

30
August 2, 1923
[q]
–
March 4, 1929

Calvin Coolidge
1872–1933
(Lived: 60 years)
[86][87][88]
29th
Vice President of the United States

Republican
Office vacant
August 2, 1923 – March 4, 1925

(1924)
35
(1925)
Charles G. Dawes
March 4, 1925 – March 4, 1929

31

March 4, 1929
–
March 4, 1933

Herbert Hoover
1874–1964
(Lived: 90 years)
[89][90][91]
3rd
United States Secretary of Commerce
(1921–1928)
(No prior elected office)

Republican
(1928)
36
(1929)
Charles Curtis

32
March 4, 1933
–
April 12, 1945
(Died in office)

Franklin D. Roosevelt
1882–1945
(Lived: 63 years)
[92][93][94]
44th
Governor of New York
(1929–1932)

Democratic
(1932)
37
(1933)
John N. Garner
March 4, 1933 – January 20, 1941
[r]

(1936)
38
(1937)

(1940)
39
(1941)
Henry A. Wallace
January 20, 1941 – January 20, 1945

(1944)
40
(1945)
(1945)
[j]
Harry S. Truman
January 20 – April 12, 1945
(Succeeded to presidency)

33
April 12, 1945
–
January 20, 1953

Harry S. Truman
1884–1972
(Lived: 88 years)
[95][96][97]
34th
Vice President of the United States

Democratic
Office vacant
April 12, 1945 – January 20, 1949

(1948)
41
(1949)
Alben W. Barkley
January 20, 1949 – January 20, 1953

34

January 20, 1953
–
January 20, 1961

Dwight D. Eisenhower
1890–1969
(Lived: 78 years)
[98][99][100]
Supreme Allied Commander Europe
(1949–1952)
(No prior elected office)

Republican
(1952)
42
(1953)
Richard Nixon

(1956)
43
(1957)

35
January 20, 1961
–
November 22, 1963
(Died in office)

John F. Kennedy
1917–1963
(Lived: 46 years)
[101][102][103]
U.S. Senator (Class 1) from Massachusetts
(1953–1960)

Democratic
(1960)
44
(1961)
(1963)
[j]
Lyndon B. Johnson
(Succeeded to presidency)

36
November 22, 1963
–
January 20, 1969

Lyndon B. Johnson
1908–1973
(Lived: 64 years)
[104][105]
37th
Vice President of the United States

Democratic
Office vacant
November 22, 1963 – January 20, 1965

(1964)
45
(1965)
Hubert Humphrey
January 20, 1965 – January 20, 1969

37
January 20, 1969
–
August 9, 1974
(Resigned from office)

Richard Nixon
1913–1994
(Lived: 81 years)
[106][107][108]
36th
Vice President of the United States
(1953–1961)

Republican
(1968)
46
(1969)
Spiro Agnew
January 20, 1969 – October 10, 1973
(Resigned from office)

(1972)
47
(1973)
(1974)
[j]

Office vacant
October 10 – December 6, 1973

Gerald Ford
December 6, 1973 – August 9, 1974
(Succeeded to presidency)

38
August 9, 1974
–
January 20, 1977

Gerald Ford
1913–2006
(Lived: 93 years)
[109][110][111]
40th
Vice President of the United States

Republican
Office vacant
August 9 – December 19, 1974

Nelson Rockefeller
December 19, 1974 – January 20, 1977

39
January 20, 1977
–
January 20, 1981

Jimmy Carter
Born 1924
(93 years old)
[112][113][114]
76th
Governor of Georgia
(1971–1975)

Democratic
(1976)
48
(1977)
Walter Mondale

40
January 20, 1981
–
January 20, 1989

Ronald Reagan
1911–2004
(Lived: 93 years)
[115][116][117]
33rd
Governor of California
(1967–1975)

Republican
(1980)
49
(1981)
George H. W. Bush

(1984)
50
(1985)

41
January 20, 1989
–
January 20, 1993

George H. W. Bush
Born 1924
(93 years old)
[118][119][120]
43rd
Vice President of the United States

Republican
(1988)
51
(1989)
Dan Quayle

42
January 20, 1993
–
January 20, 2001

Bill Clinton
Born 1946
(71 years old)
[121][122][123]
40th & 42nd
Governor of Arkansas
(1979–1981 & 1983–1992)

Democratic
(1992)
52
(1993)
Al Gore

(1996)
53
(1997)

43
January 20, 2001
–
January 20, 2009

George W. Bush
Born 1946
(71 years old)
[124][125]
46th
Governor of Texas
(1995–2000)

Republican
(2000)
54
(2001)
Dick Cheney

(2004)
55
(2005)

44
January 20, 2009
–
January 20, 2017

Barack Obama
Born 1961
(56 years old)
[126][127]
U.S. Senator (Class 3) from Illinois
(2005–2008)

Democratic
(2008)
56
(2009)
Joe Biden

(2012)
57
(2013)

45
January 20, 2017
–
Incumbent

Donald Trump
Born 1946
(71 years old)
[128][129]
Chairman of
The Trump Organization
(1971–2017)
(No prior elected office)

Republican
(2016)
58
(2017)
Mike Pence

text: Subsequent public service

text: Four presidents held other high U.S. federal offices after leaving the presidency.

text:
President
Presidency[a]
Subsequent service

John Quincy Adams
6
1825–1829
U.S. Representative from Massachusetts (1831–1848)

Andrew Johnson
17
1865–1869
U.S. Senator from Tennessee (1875)

Grover Cleveland
22
1885–1889
24th President of the United States (1893–1897)

William Howard Taft
27
1909–1913
10th Chief Justice of the United States (1921–1930)

text: Several presidents campaigned unsuccessfully for other U.S. state or federal elective offices after leaving the presidency.

text:
President
Presidency[a]
Office sought unsuccessfully

John Quincy Adams
6
1825–1829
Governor of Massachusetts (1833)

Martin Van Buren
8
1837–1841
President of the United States (1844)

President of the United States (1848)

Millard Fillmore
13
1850–1853
President of the United States (1856)

Andrew Johnson
17
1865–1869
U.S. Senator from Tennessee (1870)

U.S. Representative from Tennessee (1872)

Ulysses S. Grant
18
1869–1877
President of the United States (1880)

Theodore Roosevelt
26
1901–1909
President of the United States (1912)

Herbert Hoover
31
1929–1933
President of the United States (1940)

text: Additionally, one former president, John Tyler, served in the government of the Confederate States during the American Civil War. Tyler served in the Provisional Confederate Congress from 1861 to 1862. He was elected to the Confederate House of Representatives in November 1861, but died before he could take his seat.


document_title: Dog (zodiac)

question_text: what animal is 1982 in the chinese zodiac

text: Dog (zodiac)

text: Years and the Five Elements[edit]

text: People born within these date ranges can be said to have been born in the "Year of the Dog", while also bearing the following elemental sign:[1]

text:
Start date
End date
Heavenly branch

14 February 1934
3 February 1935
Wood Dog

2 February 1946
21 January 1947
Fire Dog

18 February 1958
7 February 1959
Earth Dog

6 February 1970
26 January 1971
Metal Dog

25 January 1982
12 February 1983
Water Dog

10 February 1994
30 January 1995
Wood Dog

29 January 2006
17 February 2007
Fire Dog

16 February 2018
4 February 2019
Earth Dog

2 February 2030
22 January 2031
Metal Dog

22 January 2042
9 February 2043
Water Dog

text: Chinese zodiac Dog[edit]

text:
Sign
Best Match
Average
No Match

Dog
Dog, Tiger, Horse
Pig, Rabbit, Goat, Snake, Rooster, Ox, Monkey, Rat
Dragon

text: Basic astrology elements[edit]

text:
Earthly Branch of Birth Year:
戌 Xu

The Five Elements:
Earth

Yin Yang:
Yang

Lunar Month:
Ninth

Lucky Numbers:
3, 4, 9; Avoid: 1, 6, 7

Lucky Flowers:
rose, oncidium, cymbidium, orchid

Lucky Colors:
green, red, purple; Avoid: blue, white, golden

Season:
Autumn

text: In the sexagenary cycle, 2018 (February 16, 2018–February 4, 2019, and every 60-year multiple before and after), is the Celestial stem/Earthly Branch year indicated by the characters 戊戌. It is the current year.


document_title: Takeoff

question_text: at what speed does a passenger plane take off

text: Takeoff

text: Horizontal takeoff[edit]

text: Power settings[edit]

text: For light aircraft, usually full power is used during takeoff. Large transport category (airliner) aircraft may use a reduced power for takeoff, where less than full power is applied in order to prolong engine life, reduce maintenance costs and reduce noise emissions. In some emergency cases, the power used can then be increased to increase the aircraft's performance. Before takeoff, the engines, particularly piston engines, are routinely run up at high power to check for engine-related problems. The aircraft is permitted to accelerate to rotation speed (often referred to as Vr). The term rotation is used because the aircraft pivots around the axis of its main landing gear while still on the ground, usually because of manipulation of the flight controls to make this change in aircraft attitude.

text: The nose is raised to a nominal 5°–15° nose up pitch attitude to increase lift from the wings and effect liftoff. For most aircraft, attempting a takeoff without a pitch-up would require cruise speeds while still on the runway.

text: Fixed-wing aircraft designed for high-speed operation (such as commercial jet aircraft) have difficulty generating enough lift at the low speeds encountered during takeoff. These are therefore fitted with high-lift devices, often including slats and usually flaps, which increase the camber and often area of the wing, making it more effective at low speed, thus creating more lift. These are deployed from the wing before takeoff, and retracted during the climb. They can also be deployed at other times, such as before landing.

text: The speeds needed for takeoff are relative to the motion of the air (indicated airspeed). A headwind will reduce the ground speed needed for takeoff, as there is a greater flow of air over the wings. Typical takeoff air speeds for jetliners are in the 130–155 knot range (150–180 mph, 240–285 km/h). Light aircraft, such as a Cessna 150, take off at around 55 knots (63 mph, 100 km/h). Ultralights have even lower takeoff speeds. For a given aircraft, the takeoff speed is usually dependent on the aircraft weight; the heavier the weight, the greater the speed needed.[1] Some aircraft are specifically designed for short takeoff and landing (STOL), which they achieve by becoming airborne at very low speeds.

text: Speed required[edit]

text: The takeoff speed required varies with air density, aircraft gross weight, lift coefficient, and aircraft configuration (flap or slat position, as applicable). Air density is affected by factors such as field elevation and air temperature. This relationship between temperature, altitude, and air density can be expressed as a density altitude, or the altitude in the International Standard Atmosphere at which the air density would be equal to the actual air density.

text: Operations with transport category aircraft employ the concept of the takeoff V-Speeds, V1, VR and V2. These speeds are determined not only by the above factors affecting takeoff performance, but also by the length and slope of the runway and any peculiar conditions, such as obstacles off the end of the runway. Below V1, in case of critical failures, the takeoff should be aborted; above V1 the pilot continues the takeoff and returns for landing. After the co-pilot calls V1, he/she will call VR or "rotate," marking speed at which to rotate the aircraft. The VR for transport category aircraft is calculated such as to allow the aircraft to reach the regulatory screen height at V2 with one engine failed. Then, V2 (the safe takeoff speed) is called. This speed must be maintained after an engine failure to meet performance targets for rate of climb and angle of climb.

text: In a single-engine or light twin-engine aircraft, the pilot calculates the length of runway required to take off and clear any obstacles, to ensure sufficient runway to use for takeoff. A safety margin can be added to provide the option to stop on the runway in case of a rejected takeoff. In most such aircraft, any engine failure results in a rejected takeoff as a matter of course, since even overrunning the end of the runway is preferable to lifting off with insufficient power to maintain flight.

text: If an obstacle needs to be cleared, the pilot climbs at the speed for maximum climb angle (Vx), which results in the greatest altitude gain per unit of horizontal distance travelled. If no obstacle needs to be cleared, or after an obstacle is cleared, the pilot can accelerate to the best rate of climb speed (Vy), where the aircraft will gain the most altitude in the least amount of time. Generally speaking, Vx is a lower speed than Vy, and requires a higher pitch attitude to achieve. Normally ground speed for takeoff varies between 250 km/h to 475 km/h.

text: Assisted takeoff[edit]

text: Assisted takeoff is any system for helping aircraft into the air (as opposed to strictly under its own power). The reason it might be needed is due to the aircraft's weight exceeding the normal maximum takeoff weight, insufficient power, or the available runway length may be insufficient, or a hot and high airfield, or a combination of all four factors. Assisted takeoff is also required for gliders, which do not have an engine and so are unable to take off by themselves.

text: Vertical takeoff[edit]

text: Vertical takeoff refers to aircraft or rockets that take off in a vertical trajectory. Vertical takeoff eliminates the need for airfields. Most vertical take off aircraft are also able to land horizontally, but there were certain rocket-powered aircraft of the Luftwaffe that only took off vertically, landing in other ways. The Bachem Ba 349 Natter landed under a parachute after having taken off vertically. Other late Third Reich projects, such as the Heinkel P.1077 Julia or the Focke-Wulf Volksjäger 2 climbed to their ceiling at a nearly vertical angle and landed later on a skid.[2]

text: VTOL[edit]

text: Vertical take-off and landing (VTOL) aircraft include fixed-wing aircraft that can hover, take off and land vertically as well as helicopters and other aircraft with powered rotors, such as tiltrotors.[3][4][5][6] Some VTOL aircraft can operate in other modes as well, such as CTOL (conventional take-off and landing), STOL (short take-off and landing), and/or STOVL (short take-off and vertical landing). Others, such as some helicopters, can only operate by VTOL, due to the aircraft lacking landing gear that can handle horizontal motion. VTOL is a subset of V/STOL (vertical and/or short take-off and landing).

text: Besides the helicopter, there are two types of VTOL aircraft in military service: craft using a tiltrotor, such as the Bell Boeing V-22 Osprey, and some aircraft using directed jet thrust such as the Harrier family.

text: Rocket launch[edit]

text: A rocket launch is the takeoff phase of the flight of a rocket. Launches for orbital spaceflights, or launches into interplanetary space, are usually from a fixed location on the ground, but may also be from a floating platform such as the San Marco platform, or the Sea Launch launch vessel.


document_title: Messi–Ronaldo rivalry

question_text: who has scored most goals ronaldo or messi

text: Messi–Ronaldo rivalry

text: History[edit]

text:
It's only the media, the press, who wants us to be at loggerheads but I've never fought with Cristiano.
—Messi addresses his perceived rivalry with Ronaldo[27]

tag: div

text:
I like to see all good players, and Messi is one of them. He is a player, I really enjoy seeing him on the pitch, and all the great players.
—Ronaldo talks about Messi in an interview with Fox Sports Argentina[28]

text: In 2007, Ronaldo and Messi finished as runners-up to A.C. Milan's Kaká in both the Ballon d'Or, an award rewarded to the player voted as the best in the world by an international panel of sports journalists; and the FIFA World Player of the Year, an award voted for by coaches and captains of international teams. In an interview that year, Messi was quoted as saying "Cristiano Ronaldo is an extraordinary player and it would be brilliant to be in the same team as him".[29][30]

text: They first played in a game together when Manchester United were drawn to play Barcelona in the 2007–08 UEFA Champions League semi-finals and were immediately pitted as major rivals.[31][32][33] Ronaldo missed a penalty in the first leg,[34] but United eventually advanced to the final via a Paul Scholes goal.[35] At the end of the year, Ronaldo was awarded the Ballon d'Or and vowed that he would win the award again.[36][37]

text: The 2009 UEFA Champions League Final was contested between Manchester United and Barcelona on 27 May 2009 at Stadio Olimpico in Rome, Italy. The match, described as a "dream clash",[38] was again hyped as the latest battle between the two, this time to settle who was the best player in the world;[39][40] Ronaldo claimed he was the better of the two[41] while Messi's club-mate Xavi sided with him.[42] United manager Alex Ferguson was more diplomatic, praising both players as being amongst the world's elite talents.[43][44] Messi, playing in a central role he was unaccustomed to so he would avoid a direct battle with United left-back Patrice Evra,[45] scored Barcelona's second in a 2–0 victory with a header in the 70th minute.[46] Meanwhile, Ronaldo was subdued for much of the game despite some early chances to score and his frustration eventually showed when he was booked for a rash tackle on Carles Puyol.[47][48]

text: Relationship between Messi and Ronaldo[edit]

text: In a 2015 interview, Ronaldo commented on the rivalry by saying that "I think we push each other sometimes in the competition, this is why the competition is so high"[49] while Ronaldo's manager during his time at Manchester United Alex Ferguson opined that "I don't think the rivalry against each other bothers them. I think they have their own personal pride in terms of wanting to be the best".[50] Messi has denied any rivalry, saying that it was "only the media, the press, who wants us to be at loggerheads but I've never fought with Cristiano".[51]

text: However, it is widely argued and documented that there's an atmosphere of tension between the duo, with Guillem Balagué claiming in Messi that Ronaldo refers to the Argentine counterpart as "motherfucker" behind his back,[52][53] and Luca Caioli saying in his book, Ronaldo: The Obsession for Perfection, that according to his sources, Ronaldo heats up when watching Messi play.[54] In response to claims that he and Messi do not get on well on a personal level, Ronaldo commented: "We don't have a relationship outside the world of football, just as we don't with a lot of other players", before adding that in years to come he hopes they can laugh about it together, stating: "We have to look on this rivalry with a positive spirit, because it's a good thing".[55] On 13 November 2014, Ronaldo also threatened to take legal action over the remarks made by Balagué.[56]

text: Awards and records[edit]

text: Throughout the existence of the rivalry, the pair have dominated awards ceremonies and broken a multitude of goalscoring records for both club and country, feats which have been described as "incredible", "ridiculous" and "remarkable".[57][58][59] The rivalry itself has been described as one about records and reputation of the players, rather than one based in loathing.[60][61]

text: Ronaldo is the UEFA Champions League all-time top goalscorer while Messi is second. The two had broken each other's record over the course of 2015 after Messi surpassed the previous record holder Raúl in November 2014.[62] Ronaldo opened a gap in the 2015–16 season when he became the first player to score double figures in the group stage of the Champions League, setting the record at 11 goals.[63] They are the first two players to score 100 goals in UEFA Champions League history.[64]

text: Player statistics[edit]

text:
Lionel Messi

Season
League
Cup
Europe
Other
Total

Apps
Goals
Apps
Goals
Apps
Goals
Apps
Goals
Apps
Goals

2004–05
7
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
9
1

2005–06
17
6
2
1
6
1
0
0
25
8

2006–07
26
14
2
2
5
1
3
0
36
17

2007–08
28
10
3
0
9
6
0
0
40
16

2008–09
31
23
8
6
12
9
0
0
51
38

2009–10
35
34
3
1
11
8
4
4
53
47

2010–11
33
31
7
7
13
12
2
3
55
53

2011–12
37
50
7
3
11
14
5
6
60
73

2012–13
32
46
5
4
11
8
2
2
50
60

2013–14
31
28
6
5
7
8
2
0
46
41

2014–15
38
43
6
5
13
10
0
0
57
58

2015–16
33
26
5
5
7
6
4
4
49
41

2016–17
34
37
7
5
9
11
2
1
52
54

2017–18
36
34
6
4
10
6
2
1
54
45

Total

418
383
68
48
125
100
26
21
637
552

Cristiano Ronaldo

Season
League
Cup
Europe
Other
Total

Apps
Goals
Apps
Goals
Apps
Goals
Apps
Goals
Apps
Goals

2002–03
25
3
3
2
3
0
0
0
31
5

2003–04
29
4
6
2
5
0
0
0
40
6

2004–05
33
5
9
4
8
0
0
0
50
9

2005–06
33
9
6
2
8
1
0
0
47
12

2006–07
34
17
8
3
11
3
0
0
53
23

2007–08
34
31
3
3
11
8
1
0
49
42

2008–09
33
18
6
3
12
4
2
1
53
26

2009–10
29
26
0
0
6
7
0
0
35
33

2010–11
34
40
8
7
12
6
0
0
54
53

2011–12
38
46
5
3
10
10
2
1
55
60

2012–13
34
34
7
7
12
12
2
2
55
55

2013–14
30
31
6
3
11
17
0
0
47
51

2014–15
35
48
2
1
12
10
5
2
54
61

2015–16
36
35
0
0
12
16
0
0
48
51

2016–17
29
25
2
1
13
12
2
4
46
42

2017–18
27
26
0
0
13
15
4
3
44
44

Total

513
398
71
41
159
121
18
13
761
573

text:
Lionel Messi[65]

Season
Tournament
Qualifiers
Friendlies
Total

Apps
Goals
Apps
Goals
Apps
Goals
Apps
Goals

2005–06
3
1
3
0
4
1
10
2

2006–07
6
2
0
0
4
2
10
4

2007–08
0
0
6
2
4
1
10
3

2008–09
0
0
8
2
1
1
9
3

2009–10
5
0
4
0
2
1
11
1

2010–11
4
0
0
0
7
4
11
4

2011–12
0
0
4
3
5
7
9
9

2012–13
0
0
8
5
4
4
12
9

2013–14
7
4
1
2
3
1
11
7

2014–15
6
1
0
0
4
3
10
4

2015–16
5
5
2
1
3
3
10
9

2016–17
0
0
4
3
1
0
5
3

2017–18
4
1
5
3
0
0
9
4

Total

36
13
44
21
42
27
127
62

Cristiano Ronaldo[66]

Season
Tournament
Qualifiers
Friendlies
Total

Apps
Goals
Apps
Goals
Apps
Goals
Apps
Goals

2003–04
6
2
0
0
7
0
13
2

2004–05
0
0
8
7
2
0
10
7

2005–06
6
1
4
0
5
2
15
3

2006–07
0
0
6
5
2
0
8
5

2007–08
3
1
7
3
2
0
12
4

2008–09
0
0
4
0
3
1
7
1

2009–10
4
1
3
0
4
0
11
1

2010–11
0
0
3
2
2
1
5
3

2011–12
5
3
5
5
4
1
14
9

2012–13
0
0
6
1
3
3
9
4

2013–14
3
1
4
7
3
3
10
11

2014–15
0
0
4
5
2
0
6
5

2015–16
7
3
2
0
4
3
13
6

2016–17
4
2
5
11
1
1
10
14

2017–18
4
4
4
4
2
2
10
10

Total

38
14
65
50
46
17
154
85

text: Head-to-head[edit]

text: In recent years, it has been said that the rivalry between Real Madrid and Barcelona has been "encapsulated" by the individual rivalry between Ronaldo and Messi,[67][68] with neither player ever participating in a goalless El Clásico.[69]

text:
Legend

Final

Semi-final

text:
No.
Date
Competition
Home team
Away team
Score
Goals scored by the duo

1

23 April 2008

Champions League

Barcelona

Manchester United

0–0

2

29 April 2008

Champions League

Manchester United

Barcelona

1–0

3

27 May 2009

Champions League

Manchester United

Barcelona

0–2

Messi ( 70')

4

29 November 2009

La Liga

Barcelona

Real Madrid

1–0

5

10 April 2010

La Liga

Real Madrid

Barcelona

0–2

Messi ( 33')

6

29 November 2010

La Liga

Barcelona

Real Madrid

5–0

7

9 February 2011

Friendly

Argentina

Portugal

2–1

Ronaldo ( 53'), Messi ( 83' (pen.))

8

16 April 2011

La Liga

Real Madrid

Barcelona

1–1

Messi ( 51' (pen.)), Ronaldo ( 81' (pen.))

9

20 April 2011

Copa del Rey

Real Madrid

Barcelona

1–0 (a.e.t.)

Ronaldo ( 103')

10

27 April 2011

Champions League

Real Madrid

Barcelona

0–2

Messi ( 76', 87')

11

3 May 2011

Champions League

Barcelona

Real Madrid

1–1

12

14 August 2011

Supercopa de España

Real Madrid

Barcelona

2–2

Messi ( 45')

13

17 August 2011

Supercopa de España

Barcelona

Real Madrid

3–2

Ronaldo ( 20'), Messi ( 53', 88')

14

10 December 2011

La Liga

Real Madrid

Barcelona

1–3

15

18 January 2012

Copa del Rey

Real Madrid

Barcelona

1–2

Ronaldo ( 11')

16

25 January 2012

Copa del Rey

Barcelona

Real Madrid

2–2

Ronaldo ( 68')

17

21 April 2012

La Liga

Barcelona

Real Madrid

1–2

Ronaldo ( 73')

18

23 August 2012

Supercopa de España

Barcelona

Real Madrid

3–2

Ronaldo ( 55'), Messi ( 70' (pen.))

19

29 August 2012

Supercopa de España

Real Madrid

Barcelona

2–1

Ronaldo ( 19'), Messi ( 45')

20

7 October 2012

La Liga

Barcelona

Real Madrid

2–2

Ronaldo ( 23', 66'), Messi ( 31', 61')

21

30 January 2013

Copa del Rey

Real Madrid

Barcelona

1–1

22

26 February 2013

Copa del Rey

Barcelona

Real Madrid

1–3

Ronaldo ( 12', 57')

23

2 March 2013

La Liga

Real Madrid

Barcelona

2–1

Messi ( 18')

24

26 October 2013

La Liga

Barcelona

Real Madrid

2–1

25

23 March 2014

La Liga

Real Madrid

Barcelona

3–4

Messi ( 42', 65' (pen.), 84' (pen.)), Ronaldo ( 55' (pen.))

26

25 October 2014

La Liga

Real Madrid

Barcelona

3–1

Ronaldo ( 35' (pen.))

27

18 November 2014

Friendly

Argentina

Portugal

0–1

28

22 March 2015

La Liga

Barcelona

Real Madrid

2–1

Ronaldo ( 31')

29

21 November 2015

La Liga

Real Madrid

Barcelona

0–4

30

2 April 2016

La Liga

Barcelona

Real Madrid

1–2

Ronaldo ( 85')

31

3 December 2016

La Liga

Barcelona

Real Madrid

1–1

32

23 April 2017

La Liga

Real Madrid

Barcelona

2–3

Messi ( 33', 90+2')

33

13 August 2017

Supercopa de España

Barcelona

Real Madrid

1–3

Messi ( 77' (pen.)), Ronaldo ( 80')

34

23 December 2017

La Liga

Real Madrid

Barcelona

0–3

Messi ( 64' (pen.))

35

6 May 2018

La Liga

Barcelona

Real Madrid

2–2

Ronaldo ( 14'), Messi ( 52')

text: Results[edit]

text:
Competition

Games played

Messi wins

Draws

Ronaldo wins

Messi goals

Ronaldo goals

La Liga

18
10
4
4
12
9

Champions League

5
2
2
1
3
0

Copa del Rey

5
1
2
2
0
5

Supercopa de España

5
2
1
2
6
4

Friendly

2
1
0
1
1
1

Total official matches
35
16
9
10
22
19

text: Last updated 6 May 2018


document_title: Goliath (TV series)

question_text: who played the judge in goliath season 2

text: Goliath (TV series)

text: Premise[edit]

text: Goliath follows "a down-and-out lawyer (Thornton) as he seeks redemption. His one shot depends on getting justice in a legal system where truth has become a commodity, and the scales of justice have never been more heavily weighed toward the rich and powerful."[7]

text: Cast[edit]

text: Main[edit]

text:
Billy Bob Thornton as Billy McBride: formerly a brilliant and personable lawyer who founded the law firm Cooperman McBride with Donald Cooperman, and the two of them built it to be a successful legal firm.  He walked out of the firm and became an alcoholic after a murder suspect he got acquitted on a technicality went on to kill an entire family. He lives in an extended-stay hotel by the Santa Monica Pier.[8]
Nina Arianda as Patty Solis-Papagian: a DUI lawyer and real estate agent, who brings Rachel Kennedy's case to McBride.[9]
Tania Raymonde as Brittany Gold: a prostitute who cares about Billy McBride and sometimes works as his legal assistant.[10]
Diana Hopper as Denise McBride (recurring season 1, main season 2): Billy and Michelle's 16-year-old daughter.[11]

text: Season 1[edit]

text:
William Hurt as Donald Cooperman: McBride's partner in founding Cooperman McBride. He is disfigured with facial burns, and functions as a recluse: he rarely if ever leaves his office, and most people at the firm have never seen him. He monitors meetings and depositions remotely by cameras. Without the staff's knowledge, he has the entire office bugged, giving him access to everything that happens. He holds a grudge against McBride.[12]
Maria Bello as Michelle McBride: Billy's ex-wife and a partner at Cooperman McBride. She is angry with McBride, but respects his legal skills and is still fond of him.[13]
Olivia Thirlby as Lucy Kittridge: a young associate at Cooperman McBride who Cooperman installs on the Larson case.[14]
Molly Parker as Callie Senate: a senior lawyer at the firm who previously used a relationship with Cooperman to advance her career.[15]
Sarah Wynter as Gina Larson: widow of Ryan Larson (who worked at Borns Tech and is supposed to have committed suicide by blowing himself up on a boat).[16]
Britain Dalton as Jason Larson: son of Ryan and Gina. He eventually becomes the plaintiff in the case.[17]

text: Season 2[edit]

text:
Ana de la Reguera as Marisol Silva, a city councilwoman from East Los Angeles, in the race to be the first Latina mayor of Los Angeles.[18]
Matthew Del Negro as Danny Loomis, a charismatic yet devious political operator and consiglieri to the city's power elite under the guise of being a "financial analyst".[19]
Morris Chestnut as Deputy District Attorney Hakeem Rashad, who was on the losing side of Billy’s last criminal case and has a bitter, old grudge against him.[20]
Mark Duplass as Tom Wyatt, a successful Los Angeles developer who wants to give the city a distinct skyline. A prominent philanthropist, he is a major contributor to mayoral candidate Marisol Silva.[21]

text: Recurring[edit]

text: Julie Brister as Marva Jefferson: Billy's legal assistant.

text: Season 1[edit]

text:
Damon Gupton as Leonard Letts: Corporate counsel to Borns Tech.
Dwight Yoakam as Wendell Corey: CEO of Borns Tech.[22]
Harold Perrineau as Judge Roston Keller: The presiding judge on the Larson case.[22]
Ever Carradine as Rachel Kennedy: Ryan's sister, and the initial plaintiff in the wrongful death case against Borns Tech.
Kevin Weisman as Ned Berring: A former employee at Borns Tech and a key witness in the case.
Jason Ritter as FBI Agent Farley.

text: Season 2[edit]

text:
Diego Josef as Julio Suarez, the son of the owner of Chez Jay, who is falsely accused of murder.
Dominic Fumusa as Detective Keith Roman: An LAPD detective involved in the conspiracy. Roman blames Billy for getting a killer off who then went on to murder a family a few years ago.[11]
Paul Williams as J. T., a former colleague of Billy's with extensive contacts, who left his legal practice following the execution of a client.
James Wolk as FBI Special Agent Jeff Clayton, who agrees to help Billy hunt down his prime suspect in the Marcos Pena murder.[23]
Alexandra Billings as Judge Martha Wallace, the judge in the Pena murder case, and a former prosecutor who has history with both Billy and J.T.[24]
Manuel Garcia-Rulfo as Gabriel Ortega, a powerful drug lord behind the murder conspiracy; he has childhood connections to Marisol.
Annika Marks as Mary Roman[25]

text: Episodes[edit]

text: SeasonEpisodesOriginally airedFirst airedLast aired18October 13, 2016 (2016-10-13)28June 15, 2018 (2018-06-15)

text: Season 1 (2016)[edit]

text:
No.overallNo. inseasonTitleDirected byWritten byOriginal release date11"Of Mice and Men"Lawrence TrillingDavid E. Kelley & Jonathan ShapiroOctober 13, 2016 (2016-10-13)
22"Pride and Prejudice"Alik SakharovJonathan Shapiro & David E. KelleyOctober 13, 2016 (2016-10-13)
33"Game On"Bill D'EliaJonathan Shapiro & David E. KelleyOctober 13, 2016 (2016-10-13)
44"It's Donald"Alik SakharovJonathan ShapiroOctober 13, 2016 (2016-10-13)
55"Cover Your Ass"Anthony HemingwayJonathan ShapiroOctober 13, 2016 (2016-10-13)
66"Line of Fire"Lawrence TrillingJonathan ShapiroOctober 13, 2016 (2016-10-13)
77"Beauty and the Beast"Lawrence TrillingJonathan Shapiro & David E. KelleyOctober 13, 2016 (2016-10-13)
88"Citizens United"Lawrence TrillingJonathan Shapiro & David E. KelleyOctober 13, 2016 (2016-10-13)

text: Season 2 (2018)[edit]

text:
No.overallNo. inseasonTitleDirected byWritten byOriginal release date91"La Mano"Lawrence TrillingBen MyerJune 15, 2018 (2018-06-15)
102"Politics"Lawrence TrillingNoelle Valdivia and Tony SaltzmanJune 15, 2018 (2018-06-15)
113"Fresh Flowers"Dennie GordonJennifer Ames and Steve Turner & Marisa WegrzynJune 15, 2018 (2018-06-15)
124"Alo"Dennie GordonNoelle Valdivia and Tony SaltzmanJune 15, 2018 (2018-06-15)
135"Who's Gabriel"Dennie GordonTony SaltzmanJune 15, 2018 (2018-06-15)
146"Two Cinderellas"Lawrence TrillingNoelle ValdiviaJune 15, 2018 (2018-06-15)
157"Diablo Verde"Lawrence TrillingJennifer Ames and Steve TurnerJune 15, 2018 (2018-06-15)
168"Tongue Tied"Dennie GordonMarisa WegrzynJune 15, 2018 (2018-06-15)

text: Production[edit]

text: Development[edit]

text: On May 14, 2015, it was announced that Amazon had issued a pilot order for the series, then titled Trial, based off a script by David E. Kelley and Jonathan Shapiro.[26] On December 1, 2015, Amazon announced that it was bypassing the pilot process with the project and was instead issuing a straight-to-series order consisting of a ten-episode first season to premiere in 2016.[2]  The first season would ultimately come to consist of eight episodes total. On August 7, 2016, it was announced that the first season would premiere on October 13, 2016.[3]

text: Casting[edit]

text: On June 25, 2015, it was reported that Kevin Costner was in talks to join the series in the lead role of Billy McBride.[27] By June 30, he had exited talks.[28] On July 23, 2015, it was confirmed that Billy Bob Thornton had ultimately been cast in the role.[8] In August, Olivia Thirlby and Maria Bello joined the main cast.[14][13] On September 14, Sarah Wynter was cast in the series regular role of Gina Larson.[16] In November, Molly Parker and Britain Dalton joined the production as series regulars.[15][17] The following March, Nina Arianda and Tania Raymonde were also announced as part of the main cast.[9][10] In June, Dwight Yoakam and Harold Perrineau were cast in recurring roles.[22] In August, the final casting announcements, of Diana Hopper and Jason Ritter in recurring roles, were made.[7][29]

text: Renewal[edit]

text: On February 15, 2017, Amazon announced the series had been renewed for a second season. In that announcement, it was also confirmed that Clyde Phillips was joining the series in season two as the day-to-day showrunner. Kelley, Shapiro and Ross Fineman were set to remain in their roles as executive producers.[4]

text: Reception[edit]

text: Critical response[edit]

text: On Rotten Tomatoes, the first season holds an approval rating of 78% based on 36 reviews, with an average score of 6.04/10. The site's critical consensus reads, "Compelling performances from an excellent cast—led by standout Billy Bob Thornton—propel David E. Kelley's Goliath into must-watch TV territory."[30] On Metacritic the first season has a weighted average score of 65 out of 100, based on 26 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews".[31]

text: Season two holds a rating of 83% based on 5 reviews on Rotten Tomatoes.[32]

text: Awards and nominations[edit]

text:
Year

Ceremony

Category

Recipient(s)

Result

Ref.

2017

74th Golden Globe Awards

Best Actor – Television Series Drama

Billy Bob Thornton

Won

[33]


document_title: Obturator sign

question_text: a positive obturator sign would elicit pain in the

text: Obturator sign

text: The obturator sign or Cope's obturator test is an indicator of irritation to the obturator internus muscle.[1]

text: The technique for detecting the obturator sign, called the obturator test, is carried out on each leg in succession. The patient lies on her/his back with the hip and knee both flexed at ninety degrees. The examiner holds the patient's ankle with one hand and knee with the other hand. The examiner internally rotates the hip by moving the patient's ankle away from the patient's body while allowing the knee to move only inward. This is flexion and internal rotation of the hip.

text: In the clinical context, it is performed when acute appendicitis is suspected. In this condition, the appendix becomes inflamed and enlarged. The appendix may come into physical contact with the obturator internus muscle, which will be stretched when this maneuver is performed on the right leg. This causes pain and is evidence in support of an inflamed appendix.

text: The principles of the obturator sign in the diagnosis of appendicitis are similar to that of the psoas sign. The appendix is commonly located in the retrocecal or pelvic region. The oburator sign indicates the presence of an inflamed pelvic appendix.

text: Evidence shows that the obturator test does not adequately diagnose appendicitis.[2]

text: It was introduced by Zachary Cope (1881–1974), an English surgeon.[3][4]


document_title: Weekend at Bernie's

question_text: who played bernie in the movie weekend at bernies

text: Weekend at Bernie's

text: Plot[edit]

text: Larry Wilson (Andrew McCarthy) and Richard Parker (Jonathan Silverman) are two low-level financial employees at an insurance corporation in New York City. While going over actuarial reports, Richard discovers a series of payments made for the same death. Richard and Larry take their findings to the CEO, Bernie Lomax (Terry Kiser), who commends them for discovering insurance fraud and invites them to his Hamptons island beach house for the Labor Day weekend. Unbeknownst to Larry and Richard, Bernie is behind the fraud. Nervously meeting with his mob partner Vito (Louis Giambalvo), Bernie asks to have Larry and Richard killed. However, after Bernie leaves, Vito decides Bernie has been attracting too much attention with his greed and his relationship with Vito's girlfriend, Tina (Catherine Parks), and orders that he be killed instead.

text: Bernie arrives at the island before Larry and Richard and plans the murders with Paulie (Don Calfa), the hitman, on the phone, unaware the conversation is being recorded on his answering machine. Bernie then plants cash and a fake confession note implicating Larry and Richard in the insurance fraud. Paulie arrives, killing Bernie with a drug overdose. When Larry and Richard arrive at Bernie's house, they find Bernie's body. Before they can call the police, guests arrive for a party that Bernie used to host every weekend. To Larry and Richard's amazement, the guests are too engrossed in their partying to notice he is dead, with the dopey grin from the fatal injection and his sunglasses concealing his lifeless state. Fearing implication in Bernie's death, and wanting to enjoy the luxury of the house for the weekend, Larry proposes he and Richard maintain the illusion that Bernie is still alive, a notion that Richard finds absurd. Only the arrival of Richard's office crush, Gwen Saunders (Catherine Mary Stewart), a summer intern for the company, convinces him to go along with Larry's plan.

text: Later that night, Tina arrives at the house, and has Larry and Richard direct her to Bernie. There, she also fails to realize he is dead. At that moment, Marty, one of Vito's mobsters witnesses the two of them apparently making love. Fooled into thinking Bernie's assassination failed, he notifies Paulie. The next morning, Richard is appalled to discover Larry furthering the illusion of Bernie being alive by manipulating his body's limbs. Richard attempts to call the police but instead activates the phone message detailing Bernie's plot against them. Unaware of the circumstances of Bernie's death, they mistakenly believe they are still the targets of a mob hit and decide to use Bernie's corpse as a prop for protection. Richard and Larry make various attempts to leave the island. All attempts are thwarted, as they repeatedly misplace and recover Bernie's body. Finally, Larry and Richard are forced to return to Bernie's home. Meanwhile, Paulie, unhinged at his apparent failure to kill Bernie, returns to the island.

text: At the house, Gwen confronts Larry and Richard, who confess that Bernie has been dead since their arrival. Paulie then appears and opens fire at Bernie, then turns his attention to Larry, Richard, and Gwen. Chasing after the trio, Paulie corners Larry, who clumsily manages to subdue him with a phone cord and a punch. The police eventually arrive and place Paulie under arrest, taking him away in a straitjacket as he continues to insist Bernie is still alive. Bernie is loaded into an ambulance, however, his gurney rolls away and topples off the boardwalk, dumping him onto the beach right behind Richard, Larry, and Gwen, who run away after noticing him. Eventually, a young boy comes along and starts to "play" with Bernie, scooping buckets of sand over his body.

text: Cast[edit]

text:
Andrew McCarthy as Lawrence "Larry" Wilson
Jonathan Silverman as Richard Parker
Terry Kiser as Bernie Lomax
Catherine Mary Stewart as Gwen Saunders
Don Calfa as Paulie
Catherine Parks as Tina
Eloise Broady as Tawny
Gregory Salata as Marty
Louis Giambalvo as Vito
Ted Kotcheff as Mr. Parker
Margaret Hall as Lomax's secretary
Jason Woliner as Bratty kid

text: Reception[edit]

text: The film received mixed reviews from critics, holding a 54% rating on Rotten Tomatoes.[2] Peter Travers of Rolling Stone called the film "tasteless" and "crude" and felt that in the end it was impossible to "drag one tired joke around for nearly two hours. Like Bernie, the movie ends up dead on its feet."[3] Roger Ebert echoed this sentiment, arguing that movies centered on dead bodies are rarely funny. Ebert gave the film 1 out of 4 stars overall.[4]

text: Nevertheless, the film was a financial success, grossing US$30 million at the box office, and was profitable on home video, as well as becoming a cult classic.[5][6]

text: Sequel[edit]

text: The film's commercial success inspired a 1993 sequel, Weekend at Bernie's II.

text: Lawsuit[edit]

text: On January 24, 2014, director Ted Kotcheff and screenwriter Robert Klane filed a lawsuit against Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer and 20th Century Fox for breach of contract for profits they claimed were due from the film.[7][8][9]