document_title: Alice in Wonderland (2010 film)

question_text: who plays young alice in alice in wonderland 2010

text: Alice in Wonderland (2010 film)

text: Plot[edit]

text: Troubled by a strange recurring dream and mourning the loss of her father, 19-year-old Alice Kingsleigh attends a garden party at Lord Ascot's estate. There, she is confronted by an unwanted marriage proposal to Hamish Ascot and the stifling expectations of the society in which she lives. Unsure of how to proceed, she pursues a rabbit wearing a blue waistcoat and accidentally falls into a large rabbit hole under a tree. She emerges in a forest where she is greeted by the White Rabbit, the Dormouse, the Dodo, the Talking Flowers, and Tweedledee and Tweedledum. They argue over whether Alice is "the right Alice" who must slay the Red Queen's Jabberwocky and restore the White Queen to power, as foretold by Absolem the Caterpillar and his prophetic scroll. The group is then ambushed by the Bandersnatch and a group of playing-card soldiers led by the Knave of Hearts. Alice, Tweedledum and Tweedledee escape into the woods. The Knave steals the Caterpillar's scroll. The Dormouse leaves the others behind with one of the Bandersnatch's eyes in her possession. Tweedledum and Tweedledee are then captured by the Red Queen's Jubjub bird.

text: The Knave informs the Red Queen that Alice threatens her reign, and the soldiers and Bayard the Bloodhound are ordered to find Alice immediately. Meanwhile, the Cheshire Cat guides Alice to the March Hare and the Hatter. The Hatter helps Alice avoid capture by allowing himself to be seized instead. Later, Alice is found by Bayard the Bloodhound; but Alice insists upon helping the Hatter. At the Red Queen's citadel and palace (which is named Salazan Grum), the Red Queen is unaware of Alice's true identity and therefore welcomes her as a guest, named Um from Umbridge. Alice learns that the Vorpal Sword, the only weapon capable of killing the Jabberwock, is locked inside the den of the Bandersnatch. The Knave attempts to seduce Alice, but she rebuffs him, causing a jealous Red Queen to order that Alice be beheaded. Alice obtains the sword and befriends the Bandersnatch by returning its eye. She then escapes on the back of the grateful Bandersnatch and delivers the sword to the White Queen. The Cheshire Cat saves the Hatter from the executioner, and the Hatter calls for rebellion against the Red Queen. The rebellion is quickly put down by the Jubjub bird, but the resistance flees to the White Queen's castle, and both armies prepare for battle. Former caterpillar Absolem advises Alice to fight the Jabberwocky just before completing his transformation into a pupa.

text: On the appointed day, the White Queen and the Red Queen gather their armies on a chessboard-like battlefield and send Alice and the Jabberwocky to decide the battle in single combat. Encouraged by the advice of her late father, Alice fights the Jabberwocky among the ruins surrounding the battlefield and finally jumps from the remains of a spiral staircase onto the Jabberwocky's neck and beheads it. During this fight, a falling masonry stone kills the Jubjub bird. The White Queen banishes the Red Queen and the Knave into exile. After the Hatter performs a celebration dance called Futterwacken, the White Queen gives Alice a vial of the Jabberwocky's purple blood whose power will bring her whatever she wishes. She decides to rejoin the everyday world. Back in England, Lord Ascot takes Alice as his apprentice with the idea of establishing oceanic trade routes to Hong Kong. As the story closes, Alice prepares to set off on a trading ship. A light-blue butterfly with dark vein markings lands on her shoulder, and Alice recognizes him as Absolem.

text: Cast[edit]

text:
Johnny Depp as Tarrant Hightopp, The Mad Hatter.[7] Wasikowska said that the characters, "both feel like outsiders and feel alone in their separate worlds, and have a special bond and friendship."[8][9] Burton explained that Depp "tried to find a grounding to the character ... as opposed to just being mad."[10] Burton also said that, "In a lot of versions it's a very one-note kind of character and you know [Depp's] goal was to try and bring out a human side to the strangeness of the character."[10] The orange hair is an allusion to the mercury poisoning suffered by hatters who used mercury to cure felt; Depp believes that the character "was poisoned ... and it was coming out through his hair, through his fingernails and eyes".[11] Depp and Burton decided that the Hatter's clothes, skin, hair, personality and accent would change throughout the film to reflect his emotions.[12] In an interview with Depp, the character was paralleled to "a mood ring, [as] his emotions are very close to the surface".[13] The Hatter is "made up of different people and their extreme sides", with a gentle voice much like the character's creator Lewis Carroll reflecting the lighter personality and with a Scottish Glaswegian accent (which Depp modeled after Gregor Fisher's Rab C. Nesbitt character) reflecting a darker, more dangerous personality.[14] Illusionary dancer David "Elsewhere" Bernal doubled for Depp during the "Futterwacken" sequence near the end of the film.[15]
Mia Wasikowska as Alice Kingsleigh. When creating the character, screenwriter Linda Woolverton researched how young women were expected to behave in the Victorian era and then made her the opposite.[16] Wasikowska read Carroll's books as a child and re-read them to prepare for her role. She also watched Jan Švankmajer's Alice. She said, "When we were kids, my mum would pop it in the VCR player. We would be disturbed, and wouldn't really understand it, but we couldn't look away because it was too intriguing. So I had kept that feeling about Alice, a kind of haunting feeling."[17] Although facing pressures to conform to society's expectations, Alice grows into a stronger-willed and empowered heroine who chooses her own path; Independent columnist Liz Hoggard praised Alice as a role model for girls, describing the character as "stubborn, brave, [and] non-girlie".[16][18]

Mairi Ella Challen portrayed Alice as a six-year-old girl.[19]

Helena Bonham Carter as Iracebeth of Crims, the Red Queen. She is an amalgamation of two Carroll characters: the Red Queen and the Queen of Hearts.[7] Her first name is a play on the word irascible because she is easily irritated, obstreperous, impatient, and quick to anger.[20] Bonham Carter's head was digitally increased to three times its original size on screen.[21][22] The character hates animals, and chooses to use them as servants and furniture.[23] It is implied that the Red Queen beheaded her former husband, the King. The actress took inspiration from her young daughter Nell, a toddler, stating that, "The Red Queen is just like a toddler, because she's got a big head and she's a tyrant."
Anne Hathaway as Mirana of Marmoreal, the White Queen.[7] She was one of few characters that did not require digital manipulation.[24] Hathaway summed up her character with a caption on a magnet of Happy Bunny holding a knife; "Cute but psycho. Things even out."[25] According to Hathaway, "She comes from the same gene pool as the Red Queen. She really likes the dark side, but she's so scared of going too far into it that she's made everything appear very light and happy. But she's living in that place out of fear that she won't be able to control herself."[26] Hathaway described her interpretation of the White Queen as "a punk-rock vegan pacifist", with inspiration drawn from Debbie Harry, Greta Garbo, and the artwork of Dan Flavin.[26] Burton said that the White Queen's appearance was inspired by Nigella Lawson.[27]
Crispin Glover played Ilosovic Stayne, the Knave of Hearts.[7] The Knave of Hearts is arrogant and tricky. While he follows the Red Queen's every order, he is the only one capable of calming her dramatic mood swings. Glover said, "The Red Queen has a fair amount of short-tempered reactions to things that people do, and so [the Knave] has to be quite diplomatic." The Red Queen believes that the Knave of Hearts is her lover, but this proves to be false.
Matt Lucas portrayed both Tweedledee and Tweedledum. Burton commented on the mixture of animation and Lucas, saying that "It's a weird mixture of things which gives his characters the disturbing quality that they so richly deserve."[28] The characters are portrayed through a combination of CGI and live-action, with Lucas' face digitally composited to a full animated body. While performing the character, Lucas had to wear a teardrop-shaped motion capture suit and walk on stilts. In order to play both characters, Lucas was doubled by Ethan Cohn.
Frances de la Tour as Imogene, Alice's aunt.[29] She is suffering from severe delusions and is constantly awaiting her fictional fiancé whom she believes to be a prince.
Leo Bill as Hamish Ascot, Alice's would-be fiancé.[29]

text: Marton Csokas makes a cameo appearance as Alice's deceased father in the film's opening scene and Alice's mother is played by Lindsay Duncan. Lord and Lady Ascot are played by Tim Pigott-Smith and Geraldine James respectively. Eleanor Tomlinson and Eleanor Gecks play the Cathaway sisters, who bear a strong resemblance to Tweedledum and Tweedledee. Jemma Powell appears briefly as Alice's sister, Margaret, while Margaret's unfaithful husband Lowell is played by John Hopkins.

text: Voice cast[edit]

text:
Michael Sheen voiced Nivens McTwisp, the White Rabbit.[7][30] Sheen said the character "is such an iconic character that [he] didn't feel like [he] should break the mold too much."[31] Burton said the quality he wanted most in his clock-watching bunny was a twitchiness, also commenting that "[in] any incarnation of the [White Rabbit] through the years, there's that sort of nervousness of a rabbit."[31]
Alan Rickman voiced Absolem, the Caterpillar.[7] Rickman was originally going to have his face composited onto the animated Caterpillar. He was filmed recording his voice in the studio, but the idea was eventually scrapped. The animators did, however, try to give Absolem's face characteristics similar to Rickman's.[22]
Stephen Fry voiced Chess, the Cheshire Cat.[7][32] Burton stated that the character had a creepy quality in addition to tapping into his own hatred of cats.[33][34] The role was intended to be played by Michael Sheen but he changed his role to the White Rabbit due to scheduling conflicts.
Barbara Windsor voiced Mallymkun, the Dormouse.[7] Burton said that he sought after Windsor for the role because he was a fan of her TV show EastEnders. Her voice sealed the deal for her role as the character.[35]
Timothy Spall voiced Bayard, the Bloodhound. Although Bayard does not appear in the book, a similar character named The Puppy is likely the inspiration for the character.
Paul Whitehouse voiced Thackery Earwicket, the March Hare.[7] Burton stated that because Whitehouse is a great comedic actor, a lot of his lines came from improvisation.[36]
Michael Gough voiced Uilleam, the Dodo.[7] Burton said that Gough was the first person he thought of for the role of the Dodo because he has "a full life quality to his voice".[37] The character only speaks three lines, that Gough recorded in a day. This would be Gough's final acting role; he died a year after its release, aged 94. Gough had previously portrayed the March Hare in the 1966 TV play of the book.
Christopher Lee voiced the Jabberwocky. While it only had two lines, Burton said that he felt Lee to be a good match for the iconic character because he is "an iconic guy".[38] For the character, Lee had originally tried to make his voice "burble" (as described in the poem "Jabberwocky"). However, Burton convinced him to use his actual voice, as he found it more intimidating and aggressive.
Imelda Staunton voiced the Tall Flower Faces. Though there are many flowers that appear around Underland, only one of them speaks and one of them is clearly a caricature of Staunton.[39] Staunton only speaks three lines that are heard very briefly at the beginning of the film.
Jim Carter voiced the Red Queen's executioner. The Executioner only speaks one line and appears extremely briefly, though Carter also voiced several other servants to the Red Queen.

text: Frank Welker provided additional voices and vocal effects; including roars of the Jabberwocky and Bandersnatch, squawks for the Jubjub bird, and Bayard barking.[39] Rickman, Windsor, Fry, Gough, Lee, Staunton and Carter each took only a day to record their dialogue.[39]

text: Burton and Bonham Carter's children Billy and Nell made cameo appearances as a boy and baby at the dock in the end of the film.

text: Production[edit]

text: Tim Burton signed with Walt Disney Pictures to direct two films in Disney Digital 3D, which included Alice in Wonderland[40] and his remake of Frankenweenie. Burton developed the story because he never felt an emotional tie to the original book.[41]

text: He explained "the goal is to try to make it an engaging movie where you get some of the psychology and kind of bring a freshness but also keep the classic nature of Alice." On prior versions, Burton said "It was always a girl wandering around from one crazy character to another, and I never really felt any real emotional connection." His goal with the new film is to give the story "some framework of emotional grounding" and "to try and make Alice feel more like a story as opposed to a series of events."[10] Burton focused on the poem "Jabberwocky" as part of his structure,[42] and refers to the described creature by the name of the poem rather than by the name "Jabberwock" used in the poem. Burton also stated that he does not see his version as either a sequel to any existing Alice film nor as a "re-imagining".[41] However, the idea of the climax of the story being Alice's battle with the Queen's champion, the Jabberwocky, was first added in the video game American McGee's Alice, and the landscape, tower, weapons and appearance of Alice in those scenes of the film are very reminiscent of the same scenes in the game.

text:
We wanted somebody who had... it's hard to put into words, but just had a gravity to her, an internal life, something that you could see the wheels turning. It's just a simple kind of power to her that we really liked. Not flamboyant, not very showy, but just somebody that's got a lot of internal life to her. That's why I picked her.

—Burton on casting Mia Wasikowska as Alice[43]

text: This film was originally set to be released in 2009 but was pushed back to March 5, 2010.[44] Principal photography was scheduled for May 2008, but did not begin until September and concluded in three months.[40][45] Scenes set in the Victorian era were shot at Torpoint and Plymouth from September 1 to October 14 (Mia Wasikowska's birthday). Two hundred and fifty local extras were chosen in early August. Locations included Antony House in Torpoint, Charlestown, Cornwall and the Barbican,[46][47] however, no footage from the Barbican was used. Motion capture filming began in early October at Sony Pictures Studios in Culver City, California, though the footage was later discarded.[48][49][50] Filming also took place at Culver Studios.[51] Burton said that he used a combination of live action and animation, without motion capture.[52] He also noted that this was the first time he had filmed on a green screen.[52] Filming of the green screen portions, comprising 90% of the film, was completed after only 40 days.[53] Many of the cast and crew felt nauseated as a result of the long hours surrounded by green, and Burton had lavender lenses fitted into his glasses to counteract the effect.[53] Due to the constant need for digital effects to distort the actors' physical appearances, such as the size of the Red Queen's head or Alice's height, visual effects supervisor Ken Ralston cited the film as being exhausting, saying it was "The biggest show I've ever done, [and] the most creatively involved I've ever been."[54]

text: Sony Pictures Imageworks designed the visual effects sequences.[55] Burton felt 3D was appropriate to the story's environment.[9] Burton and Zanuck chose to film with conventional cameras, and convert the footage into 3D during post-production; Zanuck explained 3D cameras were too expensive and "clumsy" to use, and they felt that there was no difference between converted footage and those shot in the format.[56] James Cameron, who released his 3D film Avatar in December 2009, criticized the choice, stating, "It doesn't make any sense to shoot in 2-D and convert to 3-D".[57]

text: Music[edit]

text: Score[edit]

text:
Alice in Wonderland: An Original Walt Disney Records Soundtrack

Film score by Danny Elfman

Released
March 2, 2010

Genre
Orchestral, Classical, Pop

Length
50:59

Label
Walt Disney

text: Longtime Burton collaborator Danny Elfman's score was released March 2, 2010.[58] It debuted at #89 on the Billboard Top 200 albums chart.[59]

text: Almost Alice[edit]

text: Almost Alice is a collection of various artists' music inspired by the film.[58][60][61] The lead single, "Alice" by Avril Lavigne, premiered on January 27, 2010 on Ryan Seacrest's radio program. Other singles include "Follow Me Down" by 3OH!3, "Her Name Is Alice" by Shinedown, and "Tea Party" by Kerli.[62] The album was released on March 2, 2010.[58]

text: Release[edit]

text: On February 12, 2010, major UK cinema chains, Odeon, Vue and Cineworld, had planned to boycott the film because of a reduction of the interval between cinema and DVD release from the usual 17 weeks to 12 (possibly to avoid the release of the DVD clashing with the 2010 FIFA World Cup, which was Disney's pretext for cutting short Alice's theatrical run but UK exhibitors protested that Alice would be less threatened by the World Cup than other titles).[63] A week after the announcement, Cineworld, who has a 24% share of UK box office, chose to play the film on more than 150 screens. Cineworld's chief executive Steve Wiener stated, "As leaders in 3D, we did not want the public to miss out on such a visual spectacle. As the success of Avatar has shown, there is currently a huge appetite for the 3D experience".[64] Shortly after, the Vue cinema chain also reached an agreement with Disney, but Odeon had still chosen to boycott in Britain, Ireland and Italy.[65] On February 25, 2010 Odeon had reached an agreement and decided to show the film on March 5, 2010.[66] The Royal premiere took place at the Odeon Leicester Square in London on February 25, 2010 for the fundraiser The Prince's Foundation for Children and The Arts where the Prince of Wales and the Duchess of Cornwall attended. It also did not affect their plans to show the film in Spain, Germany, Portugal and Austria.[65][67][68] The film was released in the U.S. and UK, in both Disney Digital 3D and IMAX 3D,[45] as well as regular theaters on March 5, 2010.[69]

text: Marketing[edit]

text: On June 22, 2009, the first pictures of the film were released, showing Depp as the Mad Hatter, Hathaway as the White Queen, Bonham Carter as the Red Queen and Lucas as Tweedledee and Tweedledum.[45] A new image of Alice was also released.[70] In July, new photos emerged of Alice holding a white rabbit, the Mad Hatter with a hare, the Red Queen holding a pig, and the White Queen with a mouse.[71]

text: On July 22, 2009, a teaser trailer from the Mad Hatter's point of view was released on IGN but was shortly taken down because Disney claimed that the trailer was not supposed to be out yet. The teaser was also planned to premiere along with a trailer of Robert Zemeckis' film adaptation of A Christmas Carol on July 24, 2009 for G-Force. The following day, the teaser trailer premiered at Comic-Con but the trailer shown was different from the one that leaked. The ComicCon version didn't have the Mad Hatter's dialogue. Instead, it featured "Time to Pretend" by MGMT, and the clips shown were in different order than in the leaked version. The leaked version was originally to be shown to one of the three Facebook groups used to promote the film that had the most members. The groups used to promote the film are "The Loyal Subjects of the Red Queen", "The Loyal Subjects of the White Queen" and "The Disloyal Subjects of the Mad Hatter".[72]

text: Also at ComicCon, props from the film were displayed in an "Alice in Wonderland" exhibit. Costumes featured in the exhibit included the Red Queen's dress, chair, wig, spectacles and scepter; the White Queen's dress, wig and a small model of her castle; the Mad Hatter's suit, hat, wig, chair and table; Alice's dress and battle armor (to slay the Jabberwocky). Other props included the "DRINK ME" bottles, the keys, an "EAT ME" pastry and stand-in models of the White Rabbit and March Hare.[73]

text: A nighttime party area at the Disney California Adventure theme park was created, called "Mad T Party".

text: Video games[edit]

text: On July 23, 2009, Disney Interactive Studios announced that an Alice in Wonderland video game, developed by French game studio Étranges Libellules, would be released in the same week as the film for the Wii, Nintendo DS and Microsoft Windows. The soundtrack was composed by video games music composer Richard Jacques.[74] The Wii, DS and PC versions were released on March 2, 2010.

text: Disney Interactive released in 2013 the game Alice in Wonderland: A New Champion for iOS.[75]

text: Home media[edit]

text: Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment released a 3-disc Blu-ray combo pack (which includes the Blu-ray, DVD and a digital copy), 1-disc Blu-ray and 1-disc DVD on June 1, 2010 in the US and July 1, 2010 in Australia.[76] The DVD release includes three short features about the making of the film, focusing on Burton's vision for Wonderland and the characters of Alice and the Mad Hatter. The Blu-ray version has nine additional featurettes centered on additional characters, special effects and other aspects of the film's production.[77] In some confusion, a small number of copies were put on shelves a week before schedule in smaller stores, but were quickly removed, although a handful of copies were confirmed purchased ahead of schedule.

text: In its first week of release (June 1–6, 2010), it sold 2,095,878 DVD units (equivalent to $35,441,297) and topped the DVD sales chart for two continuous weeks. By May 22, 2011, it had sold 4,313,680 units ($76,413,043). It failed to crack the 2010 top ten DVDs list in terms of units sold, but reached 10th place on that chart in terms of sales revenue.[78][79]

text: Reception[edit]

text: Box office[edit]

text: Alice in Wonderland has grossed $334,191,110 in North America and $691,276,000 in other territories for a worldwide total of $1,025,467,110 against a budget of $200 million.[5][80][81] Worldwide, it is currently the twenty-seventh-highest-grossing film[82] and the second-highest-grossing 2010 film.[83] It is the third-highest-grossing film starring Johnny Depp,[84] the highest-grossing film directed by Tim Burton[85] and the second-highest-grossing children's book adaptation (worldwide, as well as in North America and outside North America separately).[86]

text: On its first weekend, the film made $220.1 million worldwide, marking the second-largest opening ever for a movie not released during the summer or the holiday period (behind The Hunger Games), the fourth-largest for a Disney-distributed film and the fourth-largest among 2010 films.[87] It dominated for three consecutive weekends at the worldwide box office.[88][89][90][91] On May 26, 2010, its 85th day of release, it became the sixth film ever to surpass the $1-billion-mark and the second film that had been released by Walt Disney Studios that did so.[92][93]

text: In the United States and Canada Alice in Wonderland is the forty-fourth-highest-grossing film but out of the top 100 when adjusted for inflation. It is also the second-highest-grossing 2010 film, behind Toy Story 3,[94] the second-highest-grossing film starring Johnny Depp[84] and the highest-grossing film directed by Tim Burton.[85] The film opened on March 5, 2010, on approximately 7,400 screens at 3,728 theaters with $40,804,962 during its first day, $3.9 million of which came from midnight showings,[95] ranking number one and setting a new March opening-day record.[96] Alice earned $116.1 million on its opening weekend, breaking the record for the largest opening weekend in March (previously held by 300),[97] the record for the largest opening weekend during springtime (previously held by Fast and Furious), the largest opening weekend for a non-sequel (previously held by Spider-Man)[98] and the highest one for the non-holiday, non-summer period. However, all of these records were broken by The Hunger Games ($152.5 million) in March 2012.[99][100] Alice made the seventeenth-highest-grossing opening weekend ever[101] and the fifth-largest among 3D films.[102] Opening-weekend grosses originating from 3D showings were $81.3 million (70% of total weekend gross). This broke the record for the largest opening-weekend 3D grosses[103][104] but it was later topped by Marvel's The Avengers ($108 million).[105] It had the largest weekend per theater average of 2010 ($31,143 per theater) and the largest for a PG-rated film.[106] It broke the IMAX opening-weekend record[107] by earning $12.2 million on 188 IMAX screens, with an average of $64,197 per site. The record was first overtaken by Deathly Hallows – Part 2 ($15.2 million).[104] Alice remained in first place for three consecutive weekends at the North American box office.[108][109] Alice closed in theaters on July 8, 2010 with $334.2 million.

text: Outside North America, Alice is the thirteenth-highest-grossing film,[110] the highest-grossing 2010 film,[111] the fourth-highest-grossing Disney film, the second-highest-grossing film starring Johnny Depp[84] and the highest-grossing film directed by Tim Burton.[85] It began with an estimated $94 million, on top of the weekend box office, and remained at the summit for four consecutive weekends and five in total.[112][113] Japan was the film's highest-grossing country after North America, with $133.7 million, followed by the UK, Ireland and Malta ($64.4 million), and France and the Maghreb region ($45.9 million).[114]

text: Critical reaction[edit]

text: Review aggregate Rotten Tomatoes reports that 51% of critics have given the film a positive review based on 262 reviews; the average score is 5.7/10. The consensus is: "Tim Burton's Alice sacrifices the book's minimal narrative coherence—and much of its heart—but it's an undeniable visual treat".[115] Metacritic rated it 53/100 based on 38 reviews.[116]

text: Todd McCarthy of Variety praised it for its "moments of delight, humor and bedazzlement", but went on to say, "But it also becomes more ordinary as it goes along, building to a generic battle climax similar to any number of others in CGI-heavy movies of the past few years".[117] Michael Rechtshaffen of The Hollywood Reporter said "Burton has delivered a subversively witty, brilliantly cast, whimsically appointed dazzler that also manages to hit all the emotionally satisfying marks", while as well praising its computer-generated imagery (CGI), saying "Ultimately, it's the visual landscape that makes Alice's newest adventure so wondrous, as technology has finally been able to catch up with Burton's endlessly fertile imagination."[118] Owen Gleiberman of Entertainment Weekly said, "But Burton's Disneyfied 3-D Alice in Wonderland, written by the girl-power specialist Linda Woolverton, is a strange brew indeed: murky, diffuse, and meandering, set not in a Wonderland that pops with demented life but in a world called Underland that's like a joyless, bombed-out version of Wonderland. It looks like a CGI head trip gone post apocalyptic. In the film's rather humdrum 3-D, the place doesn't dazzle—it droops."[119] Roger Ebert of the Chicago Sun-Times awarded the film three out of four stars and wrote in his review that, "Alice plays better as an adult hallucination, which is how Burton rather brilliantly interprets it until a pointless third act flies off the rails."[120] The market research firm CinemaScore found that audiences gave the film an average rating of "A-".[121]

text: Several reviews criticized the decision to turn Alice into a "colonialist entrepreneur" at the end of the film setting sail for China.[122][123][124] Given Britain's role in the First and Second Opium Wars during the Victorian era and the foreign domination of China through "unequal treaties", China expert Kevin Slaten writes, "Not only is it troubling imagery, for a female role model in a Disney movie, but it's also a celebration of the exploitation that China suffered for a century."[125]

text: Game developer American McGee, best known for creating Alice and Alice: Madness Returns, was asked in a 2011 interview about Tim Burton's interpretation of the title character since both versions share almost similar dark and twisted tone of Wonderland. McGee praised the film's visuals and audio but criticized the lack of screen time Alice had compared to the other characters. He felt Alice did not have any purpose in the story and that she was merely used as a "tool".[126]

text: Accolades[edit]

text:
Award
Category
Recipient
Result

83rd Academy Awards[127]
Best Art Direction
Robert Stromberg
Karen O'Hara
Won

Best Visual Effects
Ken Ralston
David Schaub
Carey Villegas
Sean Phillips
Nominated

Best Costume Design
Colleen Atwood
Won

64th British Academy Film Awards[128]
Best Costume Design
Won

Best Film Music
Danny Elfman
Nominated

Best Production Design
Robert Stromberg
Karen O’Hara
Nominated

Best Special Visual Effects
Ken Ralston
David Schaub
Carey Villegas
Sean Phillips
Nominated

Best Makeup and Hair

Won

68th Golden Globe Awards[129]
Best Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy

Nominated

Best Actor – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy
Johnny Depp
Nominated

Best Original Score
Danny Elfman
Nominated

53rd Grammy Awards
Best Score Soundtrack Album For Motion Picture, Television Or Other Visual Media
Nominated

9th Annual Visual Effects Society Awards (VES Awards)[130]
Outstanding Visual Effects in a Visual Effects-Driven Feature Motion Picture
Ken Ralston
Carey Villegas
David Schaub
Tom Peitzman
Nominated

Outstanding Compositing in a Feature Motion Picture (Stolen Tarts)
Lisa Deaner
Orde Stevanoski
Aaron Kupferman
Ruben Flores
Nominated

15th Annual Satellite Awards[131]
Best Visual Effects
Ken Ralston
Carey Villegas
David Schaub
Sean Phillips
Won

Best Costume Design
Colleen Atwood
Won

Best Art Direction & Production Design
Robert Stromberg
Stefan Dechant
Nominated

Best Motion Picture, Animated or Mixed Media

Nominated

Best Original Song
Avril Lavigne
Nominated

37th Saturn Awards
Best Fantasy Film

Won

Best Costume

Won

Best Make-Up

Nominated

Best Production Design

Nominated

Best Special Effects
Ken Ralston
Carey Villegas
David Schaub
Tom Peitzman
Nominated

Broadcast Film Critics Association Awards
Best Costume Design
Colleen Atwood
Won

Best Makeup
Jaremy Aiello
Won

Best Visual Effects
Ken Ralston
Carey Villegas
David Schaub
Tom Peitzman
Nominated

Best Art Direction
Robert Stromberg
Karen O'Hara
Nominated

2011 Kids' Choice Awards[132]
Favorite Movie

Nominated

Favorite Movie Actor
Johnny Depp
Won

MTV Movie Awards
Global Superstar
Nominated

Best Movie

Nominated

Best Villain
Helena Bonham Carter
Nominated

National Movie Awards
Best Performance
Nominated

Johnny Depp
Nominated

Best Fantasy

Nominated

People's Choice Awards[133]
Favorite Movie
Nominated

Favorite Drama Movie
Nominated

Teen Choice Awards
Choice Movie: Fantasy
Nominated

Choice Movie Actor: Fantasy
Johnny Depp
Nominated

Choice Movie: Female Scene Stealer
Anne Hathaway
Nominated

Choice Movie Actress: Fantasy
Mia Wasikowska
Nominated

Choice Movie: Female Breakout Star
Nominated

Choice Movie: Fight
Mia Wasikowska vs. The Jabberwock
Won

2010 Scream Awards
Ultimate Scream

Nominated

Best Fantasy Movie

Nominated

Best Director
Tim Burton
Nominated

Best Fantasy Actress
Mia Wasikowska
Nominated

Best Breakout Performance – Female
Nominated

Best Fantasy Actor
Johnny Depp
Nominated

Best Supporting Actress
Anne Hathaway
Won

3-D Top Three

Nominated

AD First Half of the Year Awards[134]
Best Art Direction

Nominated

Best Visual Effects
Won

Best Make Up
Nominated

MTV Fan Music Awards
Best Movie Song
Avril Lavigne
Won

ChartAttack's 16th Annual Year-End Readers' Poll
Best Song
Avril Lavigne
Won

text: Impact[edit]

text: After the release and success of the movie, Walt Disney Pictures has announced the development of several live-action adaptations of their Animated Classics series.[135][136] Maleficent, Cinderella, The Jungle Book and Beauty and the Beast have followed to similar box-office results with the latter three also earning critical praise. Disney has also announced the development of live-action adaptations of Christopher Robin,[137] Dumbo,[138] Aladdin,[139] The Lion King,[140] Mulan,[141] Pinocchio,[142] Fantasia,[143] The Sword in the Stone,[144] The Black Cauldron,[145] Peter Pan,[146] The Little Mermaid,[147] and Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs.[148] The company also has plans for live-action spin-offs of Peter Pan, One Hundred and One Dalmatians and Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs along with a live-action prequel to Aladdin.[149][150][151][152]

text: Stage adaptation Walt Disney Theatrical is in early talks with Burton and screenwriter Linda Woolverton to develop the property as a Broadway musical. Woolverton authored the screenplay for Disney's The Lion King and is also the Tony Award-nominated book writer of Beauty and the Beast, Aida and Lestat. Burton will also render the overall designs for the stage musical. Woolverton will adapt her screenplay for the stage production. Neither a composer nor songwriting team has been chosen yet. Direction and choreography will be done by Rob Ashford.[153][154][155] The musical is aiming to make its world-premiere in London.[156]

text: Sequel[edit]

text: On December 7, 2012, Variety announced the development of a sequel to Alice in Wonderland. Linda Woolverton returned to write a screenplay.[157] On May 31, 2013, James Bobin began talks to direct the sequel under the working title Alice in Wonderland: Into the Looking Glass.[158] Johnny Depp returned as The Hatter, Mia Wasikowska reprised the role of Alice, and Helena Bonham Carter returned as the Red Queen.[159][160][161] Several other cast-members from the 2010 film also reprised their roles in the sequel.[162] On November 22, 2013, it was announced that the sequel will be released on May 27, 2016 and that Bobin would direct the film. Rhys Ifans and Sacha Baron Cohen are featured in the film.[160][163][164] On January 21, 2014, the film was again retitled to Alice in Wonderland: Through the Looking Glass.[165] The title was later reworked once again to Alice Through the Looking Glass.

text: See Also[edit]

text:
Mad hatter disease
Solipsism


document_title: The Disaster Artist (film)

question_text: who does dave franco play in the disaster artist

root

text: The Disaster Artist (film)

text: Plot[edit]

text: San Francisco, 1998: 19-year-old Greg Sestero meets Tommy Wiseau in acting classes with Jean Shelton. Shelton criticizes Tommy's protracted performance of a scene from A Streetcar Named Desire, but Greg is impressed by Tommy's fearlessness and the two become friends. On Tommy's suggestion, they move to Los Angeles to pursue acting careers. Sestero discovers that Wiseau can afford apartments in both San Francisco and Los Angeles, but Wiseau will not discuss his personal life nor the source of his wealth.

tag: p

text: Greg signs with Iris Burton, a talent agent, while Tommy faces rejection from agencies, casting directors, and Hollywood insiders. Greg develops a relationship with Amber, whom he meets at her job at a nightclub, and Tommy grows jealous; as he fails to find work, he becomes disheartened. As Greg's auditions also dry up, he shares his frustrations with Tommy, who decides to make a movie for them both to star in.

text: Tommy writes a screenplay titled The Room, a melodrama about a love triangle between banker Johnny (played by Tommy), his fiancée Lisa and his best friend Mark. Greg reluctantly accepts the role of Mark and an associate producer credit. They rent out a production house; Tommy insists on buying all the production equipment and shooting the film on 35 mm film and HD Digital simultaneously, costly and unnecessary measures. The employees introduce Tommy to Raphael Smadja and Sandy Schklair, who work as his cinematographer and script supervisor respectively.

text: Production starts smoothly, but Tommy is difficult to work with. He forgets his lines, arrives late, and refuses to supply his crew with basic needs such as drinking water, even as an actor faints. During preparation for a sex scene, Tommy humiliates actress Juliette Danielle by pointing out her acne to the crew. Having filmed extensive behind-the-scenes footage, Tommy reveals that he knows everybody hates him, and believes that nobody, including Greg, supports his vision.

text: Greg and Amber run into Malcolm in the Middle star Bryan Cranston, who invites Greg to fill in for a small lumberjack part in a Malcolm episode. The part requires a beard; as Greg is due to shave his beard for The Room, he begs Tommy to postpone shooting, but Tommy refuses. On the last day of shooting, Greg accuses Tommy of being selfish and duplicitous throughout their friendship, and questions his real age and origins, before storming off set.

text: Eight months later, Amber and Greg have split up and Greg is working in theatre. Tommy invites Greg to the premiere of The Room; to his surprise, the entire cast and crew attend. The audience react first with horror then laughter at the film. Tommy bursts into tears and walks out, but Greg comforts him, telling him they have delighted the audience, not angered them. With a renewed mindset, Tommy returns to the theater as the credits roll, takes credit for his "comedic" movie, and receives a standing ovation.

text: Real-life clips of Wiseau attending screenings of The Room play, and title cards explain that the film made $1,800 against its reported $6 million budget during its initial release (Wiseau kept it running for two weeks, allegedly to qualify for the Academy Awards), but it has since become a profitable cult film. Wiseau and Sestero remain friends and, to this day, Wiseau's age, past life and source of income remain a mystery. Scenes from The Room are then compared side-by-side with reenactments of the scenes performed by The Disaster Artist's cast.

text: In a post-credits scene, Wiseau has an odd verbal exchange with a party goer (played by the real Wiseau), who offers to hang out, but Wiseau refuses.

text: Cast[edit]

text:
Dave Franco as Greg Sestero, the line producer and actor who portrays "Mark" in The Room
James Franco as Tommy Wiseau, the writer, director, producer, executive producer and actor who portrays "Johnny" in The Room
Seth Rogen as Sandy Schklair, the script supervisor who soon becomes the de-facto director as the production unravels
Ari Graynor as Juliette Danielle, the actress who portrays "Lisa" in The Room
Alison Brie as Amber, Greg Sestero's girlfriend[10]
Jacki Weaver as Carolyn Minnott, the actress who portrays "Claudette" in The Room
Paul Scheer as Raphael Smadja, the first DP
Zac Efron as Dan Janjigian, the actor who portrays "Chris-R" in The Room
Josh Hutcherson as Philip Haldiman, the actor who portrays "Denny" in The Room
June Diane Raphael as Robyn Paris, the actress who portrays "Michelle" in The Room
Megan Mullally as Mrs. Sestero, Greg Sestero's mother[11]
Jason Mantzoukas as Peter Anway, the rep of Birns and Sawyer
Andrew Santino as Scott Holmes, the actor who portrays "Mike" in The Room
Nathan Fielder as Kyle Vogt, the actor who portrays "Peter" in The Room
Sharon Stone as Iris Burton, Greg Sestero's agent
Melanie Griffith as Jean Shelton, the teacher of an acting class attended by Wiseau and Sestero[12]
Hannibal Buress as Bill Meurer, the owner of Birns and Sawyer, a stage rented by Wiseau

tag: ul

text: Celebrity cameos include Bryan Cranston, J. J. Abrams, Lizzy Caplan, Kristen Bell, Keegan-Michael Key, Adam Scott, Danny McBride, Angelyne, Kevin Smith, and Ike Barinholtz as themselves.[13][14] Bob Odenkirk appears as a method acting acting teacher in Los Angeles, and Judd Apatow as a film producer. Other cameos include John Early, Joe Mande, Jessie Ennis, Dylan Minnette, Charlyne Yi, Tom Franco, Zoey Deutch, Sugar Lyn Beard, Brian Huskey, Randall Park, Jerrod Carmichael and Casey Wilson. Greg Sestero appears as an assistant casting director,[15] while Tommy Wiseau appears in a post-credits scene as a character named Henry.

text: Production[edit]

text: Development[edit]

text: In February 2014, Seth Rogen's production company Point Grey Pictures announced it had acquired the book and film rights to The Disaster Artist. James Franco was set to direct and play Wiseau, and his brother Dave Franco was cast as Sestero. James Franco stated The Disaster Artist was "a combination of Boogie Nights and The Master."[16] According to Franco, Wiseau initially had hoped Johnny Depp would play him.[17] In April 2016, the title was reported to have changed from The Disaster Artist to The Masterpiece,[18] though The Disaster Artist was confirmed as the official title when the film's SXSW premiere was announced.[19]

text: Casting[edit]

text: In June 2014, James Franco's younger brother, Dave Franco, informally announced at a midnight showing of The Room that he had been cast in the co-starring role of Greg Sestero. Wiseau praised the decision in a Q&A session.[20] The film is the first collaboration of James and brother Dave, as the younger Franco has said that he had sought different projects deliberately, specifying in an interview at the Toronto International Film Festival, "I didn't want people to think I was riding his coattails."[21] As New Line Cinema sought to acquire The Disaster Artist in October 2015, one of the film's producers, and frequent Franco collaborator, Seth Rogen, was in negotiations to play The Room's script supervisor, Sandy Schklair.[22] Schklair expressed concern over the film's portrayal of him, as Rogen did not pursue contact with him, despite his offers to sit down and discuss the film.[23] The remainder of the principal cast were revealed in the days prior to the beginning of filming, in early December 2015: Josh Hutcherson plays Philip Haldiman, Ari Graynor as Juliette Danielle, Jacki Weaver as Carolyn Minnott, Hannibal Buress as Bill Meur, Andrew Santino as Scott Holmes, and Zac Efron as Dan Janjigian.[24][25][26][27] Dave Franco's wife, Alison Brie, joined the cast in the role of Sestero's then-girlfriend, Amber,[28] and Sharon Stone was later announced to have been cast as Hollywood talent agent Iris Burton.[29] Sestero stated in January 2016 that Bryan Cranston had been cast in the film in an undisclosed role. In November 2016, he was revealed to be playing himself, during his time working on Malcolm in the Middle.[30]

text: Music[edit]

text: Dave Porter composed the film's score.[31]

text: Filming[edit]

text: Principal photography began on December 8, 2015, in Los Angeles,[32] and ended on January 28, 2016.[33]

text: Release[edit]

text: The film had its premiere, in a work-in-progress form, at South by Southwest on March 12, 2017.[34][35][19] In May 2017, A24 acquired distribution rights to the film, and set the film for a limited release on December 1, 2017, before a wide release on December 8.[36] Warner Bros. Pictures distributes the film internationally,[37] and it received an IMAX release in selected areas as well.[38]

text: Marketing[edit]

text: On October 25, 2017, A24 mounted a billboard on Highland Avenue in Los Angeles that replicated the original The Room billboard that Wiseau kept up from 2003 to 2008.[39][40]

text: Home media[edit]

text: It was released on Blu-ray, DVD and digital download on March 13, 2018.[41]

text: Reception[edit]

text: Box office[edit]

text: The Disaster Artist has grossed $21.1 million in the United States and Canada, and $8.7 million in other territories, for a worldwide total of $29.8 million, against a production budget of $10 million.[4]

text: The film grossed $1.2 million from 19 theaters in its limited opening weekend, finishing 12th at the box office and averaging $64,254 per venue, one of the highest averages of 2017.[42] The film had its wide expansion the following week, alongside the opening of Just Getting Started, and was projected to gross around $5 million from 840 theaters over the weekend.[43] It ended up making $6.4 million, finishing 4th at the box office.[44] The following week, despite being added to 170 additional theaters, the film dropped a more-than-expected 59% to $2.6 million, finishing 8th.[45]

text: Critical response[edit]

text: The Disaster Artist received a standing ovation at its initial screening at South by Southwest.[46][47] On review aggregation website Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 91% based on 273 reviews, and an average rating of 7.7/10. The website's critical consensus reads, "Oh, hai Mark. The Disaster Artist is a surprisingly poignant and charming movie-about-a-movie that explores the creative process with unexpected delicacy."[48] Metacritic assigned the film a weighted average score of 76 out of 100, based on 44 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews".[49] Audiences polled by PostTrak gave the film an 81% overall positive score and a 66% "definite recommend".[44]

text: Erik Childress of The Playlist gave the film a positive review, dubbing James Franco's performance his "best... since his Oscar-nominated turn in 127 Hours." Further, he wrote that "as a director it is nice to finally see him embrace the comfort zone of comedy with enough cameos to rival Robert Altman's The Player."[50] Peter Debruge of Variety also gave the film a positive review, saying it had a "genuine capacity to delight, whether or not the audiences in question have seen The Room."[51]

text: Writing for Rolling Stone, Peter Travers gave the film 3.5 out of 4 stars, saying: "As a director, Franco succeeds beautifully at bringing coherence to chaos, a word that accurately describes the making of this modern midnight-movie phenomenon. Do you need to see The Room to appreciate The Disaster Artist? Not really."[52] Justin Chang of the Los Angeles Times called the film "a hilarious, heartening celebration of failure".[53]

text: Manohla Dargis of The New York Times wrote that it is "a divertingly funny movie, but its breeziness can also feel overstated, at times glib and a bit of a dodge".[54] Peter Bradshaw of The Guardian gave the film three out of five stars, writing that the film brings up unanswered questions, and that it "has room for improvement".[55] Ignatiy Vishnevetsky of The A.V. Club gave the film a rating of "C", calling it a "lousy tribute" and asking, "will anyone who hasn't seen The Room actually be able to piece together a sense of this Z-grade sensation from watching The Disaster Artist?"[56]

text: Accolades[edit]

text:
Award
Date of ceremony
Category
Recipient(s) and nominee(s)
Result
Ref.

Academy Awards
March 4, 2018
Best Adapted Screenplay
Scott Neustadter and Michael H. Weber
Nominated
[57]

Austin Film Critics Association
January 8, 2018
Best Actor
James Franco
Nominated
[58]

Best Adapted Screenplay
Scott Neustadter and Michael H. Weber
Nominated

Casting Society of America
January 18, 2018
Studio or Independent – Comedy
Rich Delia
Nominated
[59]

Chicago Film Critics Association
December 12, 2017
Best Actor
James Franco
Nominated
[60]

Best Adapted Screenplay
Scott Neustadter and Michael H. Weber
Nominated

Critics' Choice Movie Awards
January 11, 2018
Best Actor
James Franco
Nominated
[61]

Best Adapted Screenplay
Scott Neustadter and Michael H. Weber
Nominated

Best Comedy
The Disaster Artist
Nominated

Best Actor in a Comedy
James Franco
Won

Dallas–Fort Worth Film Critics Association
December 13, 2017
Best Actor
James Franco
2nd Place
[62]

Detroit Film Critics Society
December 7, 2017
Best Film
The Disaster Artist
Nominated
[63]

Best Actor
James Franco
Won

Dorian Awards
February 24, 2018
Best Performance of the Year – Actor
James Franco
Nominated
[64]
[65]

Campy Film of the Year
The Disaster Artist
Nominated

Empire Awards
March 18, 2018
Best Comedy
The Disaster Artist
Nominated
[66]
[67]

Florida Film Critics Circle
December 23, 2017
Best Actor
James Franco
Nominated
[68]
[69]

Best Adapted Screenplay
Scott Neustadter and Michael H. Weber
Runner-up

Georgia Film Critics Association
January 12, 2018
Best Picture
The Disaster Artist
Nominated
[70]

Best Actor
James Franco
Nominated

Best Adapted Screenplay
Scott Neustadter and Michael H. Weber
Won

Golden Globe Awards
January 7, 2018
Best Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy
The Disaster Artist
Nominated
[71]

Best Actor – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy
James Franco
Won

Golden Tomato Awards
January 3, 2018
Best Comedy Movie 2017
The Disaster Artist
3rd Place
[72]

Gotham Awards
November 27, 2017
Best Actor
James Franco
Won
[73]

Hollywood Film Awards
November 5, 2017
Hollywood Screenwriter Award
Scott Neustadter and Michael H. Weber
Won
[74]

Houston Film Critics Society
January 6, 2018
Best Actor
James Franco
Won
[75]

IGN Awards
December 19, 2017
Best Comedy Movie
The Disaster Artist
Nominated
[76]

Best Lead Performer in a Movie
James Franco
Nominated

Best Director
James Franco
Nominated

Independent Spirit Awards
March 3, 2018
Best Male Lead
James Franco
Nominated
[77]

IndieWire Critics Poll
December 19, 2017
Best Actor
James Franco
4th Place
[78]

London Film Critics Circle
January 28, 2018
Actor of the Year
James Franco
Nominated
[79]

Los Angeles Film Critics Association
January 12, 2018
Best Actor
James Franco
Runner-up
[80]

National Board of Review
January 9, 2018
Top Ten Films
The Disaster Artist
Won
[81]

Best Adapted Screenplay
Scott Neustadter and Michael H. Weber
Won

Online Film Critics Society
December 28, 2017
Best Actor
James Franco
Nominated
[82]
[83]

Best Adapted Screenplay
Scott Neustadter and Michael H. Weber
Runner-up

San Diego Film Critics Society
December 11, 2017
Best Actor
James Franco
Runner-up
[84]

Best Adapted Screenplay
Scott Neustadter and Michael H. Weber
Won

Best Comedic Performance
James Franco
Runner-up

San Francisco Film Critics Circle
December 10, 2017
Best Actor
James Franco
Nominated
[85]

Best Adapted Screenplay
Scott Neustadter and Michael H. Weber
Nominated

San Sebastián International Film Festival
September 30, 2017
Golden Shell
The Disaster Artist
Won
[86]

Feroz Zinemaldia Prize
The Disaster Artist
Won

Satellite Awards
February 10, 2018
Best Actor
James Franco
Nominated
[87]

Best Adapted Screenplay
Scott Neustadter and Michael H. Weber
Won

Screen Actors Guild Awards
January 21, 2018
Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Leading Role
James Franco
Nominated
[88]

Seattle Film Critics Society
December 18, 2017
Best Picture
The Disaster Artist
Nominated
[89]

Best Actor
James Franco
Nominated

Best Screenplay
Scott Neustadter and Michael H. Weber
Nominated

St. Louis Film Critics Association
December 17, 2017
Best Actor
James Franco
Runner-up
[90]
[91]

Best Adapted Screenplay
Scott Neustadter and Michael H. Weber
Won

Best Scene
Sixty-seven takes of "I did not hit her"
Won

Toronto International Film Festival
September 17, 2017
People's Choice Award, Midnight Madness
The Disaster Artist
2nd Place
[92]

USC Scripter Awards
February 10, 2018
Best Screenplay
Scott Neustadter, Michael H. Weber, Greg Sestero and Tom Bissell
Nominated
[93]

Washington D.C. Area Film Critics Association
December 8, 2017
Best Actor
James Franco
Nominated
[94]

Best Adapted Screenplay
Scott Neustadter and Michael H. Weber
Nominated

Writers Guild of America Awards
February 11, 2018
Best Adapted Screenplay
Scott Neustadter and Michael H. Weber
Nominated
[95]

tag: table


document_title: I'm Only Human

question_text: who sang i'm only human in the 80's

question_tokens: who sang i 'm only human in the 80 's

text: I'm Only Human

text: I'm Only Human may refer to:

text:
"I'm Only Human", an episode of Get Smart originally aired in February 1966
"I'm Only Human", a song by Rick Ross from the 2008 album Trilla

text: It may also refer to:

text:
"Human" (The Human League song), a 1986 song by The Human League
"Human" (Christina Perri song), a 2013 song by Christina Perri from the album Head or Heart
"Human" (Rag'n'Bone Man song), a 2016 song by Rag'n'Bone Man

text:
This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title I'm Only Human.
If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article.

text: Disambiguation pages

text: All article disambiguation pagesAll disambiguation pages


document_title: Some Kind of Wonderful (The Drifters song)

question_text: who sings the original some kind of wonderful

text:
"Some Kind of Wonderful"

Single by The Drifters

B-side
"Honey Bee"

Released
1961

Format
7" 45 rpm

Genre
R&B

Length
2:13

Label
Atlantic

Songwriter(s)
Gerry Goffin, Carole King

Producer(s)
Jerry Leiber, Mike Stoller

The Drifters singles chronology

"I Count the Tears"
(1960)
"Some Kind of Wonderful"
(1961)
"Please Stay"
(1961)

"I Count the Tears"
(1960)
"Some Kind of Wonderful"
(1961)
"Please Stay"
(1961)

text: "Some Kind of Wonderful" is a song by Gerry Goffin and Carole King that was first released by the Drifters in 1961. (It is not related to another song of the same name which was written by John Ellison and first released by Soul Brothers Six in 1967).

text: The Drifters' original recording of the Goffin/King song reached No. 32 on the US Billboard pop chart and No. 6 on the US Billboard R&B chart.[1]

text: Notable covers include versions by Marvin Gaye (1967), Jay and the Americans (1970),[2] Carole King (1971), Peter Cincotti (2004), Aled Jones featuring Cerys Matthews (2007), and Michael Bublé on the deluxe editions of his fourth studio album, Crazy Love (2010).

text: On the double album The Drifters 24 Original Hits (UK, 1975, Atlantic Records), the song is mistakenly credited to John Ellison.[3] Conversely, on the Q-Tips self-titled debut album (UK, 1980, Chrysalis Records), the Ellison song is mistakenly credited to Goffin and King [4]


document_title: List of Governors of Adamawa State

question_text: who is the governor of adamawa state now

text: List of Governors of Adamawa State

text: This is a list of administrators and Governors of Adamawa State, Nigeria, which was formed on 1991-08-27 when Gongola State was divided into Adamawa and Taraba states.

text:
Name
Title
Took Office
Left Office
Party
Notes

Abubakar Saleh Michika
Governor
2 January 1992
17 November 1993
NRC

Gregory Agboneni
Administrator
9 December 1993
14 September 1994
(Military)

Com. Yohanna Madaki
Administrator
14 September 1994
22 August 1996
(Military)

Joe Kalu-Igboama
Administrator
22 August 1996
August 1998
(Military)

Ahmadu G. Hussaini
Administrator
August 1998
May 1999
(Military)

Boni Haruna
Governor
29 May 1999
29 May 2007
PDP

Murtala Nyako
Governor
29 May 2007
26 February 2008
PDP

James Shaibu Barka
Governor (acting)
26 February 2008
29 April 2008

Murtala Nyako
Governor
29 Apr 2008
15 Jul 2014
PDP/APC

Alhaji Ahmadu Umaru Fintirin[1]
Governor (acting)
15 Jul 2014
1 Oct 2014
PDP

Bala James Ngilari)[1]
Governor
1 Oct 2014
29 May 2015
PDP

Bindo Jibrilla
Governor
29 May 2015
29 May 2019
APC


document_title: University of Memphis

question_text: when did memphis state became university of memphis

question_tokens: when did memphis state became university of memphis

text: University of Memphis

text: Institution[edit]

text:
University rankings

National

ARWU[6]

Not Ranked

Forbes[7]

635

U.S. News & World Report[8]

231-300[4]

Washington Monthly[9]

40[5]

Global

Times[10]

Not Ranked

text: A faculty of approximately 930 professors serves about 17,000 undergraduate and 4,000 graduate students.

text: The Daily Helmsman, the independent daily newspaper on the campus, in operation since 1925, remains a prominent student organization. In addition, many other student organizations and academic departments, such as the University of Memphis Institute for Egyptian Art and Archaeology, the Cecil C. Humphreys School of Law Moot Court Board, the University of Memphis Advertising Federation and the University of Memphis chapter of the Public Relations Student Society of America, play an active and involved role in the community, both nationally and internationally.

text: The University of Memphis attracts most of its undergraduate students from Memphis and West Tennessee, though many current undergraduate and graduate students have come from public and private schools across the southeastern United States as well as from all the other states and about 100 other nations.

text: Over its history, the University of Memphis has graduated many famous alumni, including U.S. Congressman Steve Cohen, actor and former U.S. Senator Fred D. Thompson, historian of the American South Joe Gray Taylor, and DeAngelo Williams, former All-American college football running back.

text: Among its most famous faculty members are Dr. Lorelei H. Corcoran, Professor of Egyptology; Dr. Peter J. Brand, Professor of Egyptology; Béla Bollobás, Jabie Hardin Chair Professor of Mathematics; and Dr. Donald R. Franceschetti, Professor of Physics.

text: The Division of Professional and Continuing Education[11] at the University of Memphis provides non-credit instruction to people from all walks of life. Originally established in the 1970s, the non-credit programs include face-to-face short courses, customized training for businesses, and online courses.

text: Organization[edit]

text: The University of Memphis is associated with the Tennessee Board of Regents (TBR) system, consisting of 18 Board Members.  However, as of May 2017, it is governed by an institutional Board of Trustees. Within this framework, the President of the University of Memphis is the day-to-day administrator of the university.

text: The University of Memphis today comprises a number of different colleges and schools:

text:
College of Arts and Sciences
Fogelman College of Business and Economics
College of Communication and Fine Arts
College of Education
Herff College of Engineering
University College
Loewenberg College of Nursing
Kemmons Wilson School of Hospitality and Resort Management[12]
School of Audiology and Speech-Language Pathology
Cecil C. Humphreys School of Law
Graduate School
School of Public Health
Rudi E. Scheidt School of Music
Helen Hardin Honors College

text: The University of Memphis is host to several centers of advanced research:

text:
FedEx Institute of Technology
Center for Earthquake Research and Information
Institute for Intelligent Systems
Advanced Distributed Learning Workforce Co-Lab
The Sparks Bureau of Business and Economic Research
Mobile Sensor Data-To-Knowledge Center (NIH Center of Excellence)

text: The University of Memphis Foundation, founded in 1964, manages the university endowment and accepts, manages and disburses private support to the university.[13]

text: History[edit]

text: In 1909, the Tennessee Legislature enacted the General Education Bill. This bill stated that three colleges be established, one within each grand division of the state and one additional school for African-American students. After much bidding and campaigning, the state had to choose between two sites to build the new college for West Tennessee: Jackson and Memphis. Memphis was chosen, one of the main reasons being the proximity of the rail line to the site proposed to build the new college for West Tennessee. This would allow professors and students to go home and visit their relatives. The other three schools established through the General Education Act evolved into East Tennessee State University (ETSU), Middle Tennessee State University (MTSU), and Tennessee State University (TSU).

text: Prior to the establishment of the West Tennessee Normal School pursuant to the General Education Bill, a number of higher education departments existed in Memphis under the banner of the University of Memphis.  This earlier University of Memphis was formed in 1909 by adding to an already existing medical school departments of pharmacy, dentistry, and law.[14]

text: On September 10, 1912, West Tennessee Normal School opened in Memphis; its first president was Seymour A. Mynders. By 1913 all departments of the earlier University of Memphis, except the law school, had been taken over by West Tennessee Normal School.[14][15]  After Mynders' death in 1913, John Willard Brister was chosen to take his place. After Brister's resignation in 1918, Andrew A. Kincannon became president. In 1924, Brister returned to his post as president of the school.

text: The name changed in 1925 to West Tennessee State Teachers College. In 1931, the campus' first newspaper, The Tiger Rag, was established. In 1939, Richard C. Jones became president of WTSTC. In 1941, the name was changed to Memphis State College, when the college expanded its liberal arts curriculum. In 1943, Dr. Jennings B. Sanders succeeded Jones as president. Three years later, the first alumnus to become president, J. Millard (Jack) Smith, was appointed. In 1951 MSC awarded its first B.A. degrees. In 1957 the school received full University status and changed its name accordingly to Memphis State University.

text: In 1959, five years after Brown v. Board of Education the university admitted its first black students. Racial segregation was the norm throughout the South at the time. The Memphis State Eight, as they were known, were admitted to Memphis State University. Their presence on campus was the focus not only of intense media scrutiny, but severe criticism from much of the local public.  Ostensibly for the black students' safety and to maintain an air of calm on the campus, University administrators placed certain restrictions on where and when the black students could be on campus.  They were to go only to their classes, not to any of the public places on campus, such as the cafeteria; and they were to leave the campus immediately after they had finished their last class.  These limitations were lifted after the novelty of their presence on campus had subsided and the public's focus on their presence there had lessened, and as more and more black students were admitted to the university.  Today, black students make up more than one-third of the campus student body and they participate fully in all campus activities.

text: Cecil C. Humphreys became president of MSU, succeeding Smith, in 1960. In 1966, the school began awarding doctoral degrees. Humphreys resigned as MSU president to become the first chancellor of the newly formed State University and Community College System, later renamed the Tennessee Board of Regents. John Richardson was appointed interim president.

text: In 1973, Dr. Billy Mac Jones became president. Also that year, the Memphis State Tiger men's basketball team reached the finals of the NCAA tournament, only to fall at the hands of a UCLA team led by future NBA superstar and Hall of Famer Bill Walton in The NCAA Basketball Championship Game in St. Louis, Missouri. In 1980, Thomas Carpenter became president of MSU; he was succeeded by V. Lane Rawlins in 1991. On July 1, 1994, Memphis State University changed its name again, to the University of Memphis.

text: V. Lane Rawlins served from 1991 to 2000; Dr. Ralph Faudree filled in as interim president for one year after V. Lane Rawlins' departure. In 2001, The U of M installed its first female president, Shirley Raines, who retired in the summer of 2013. After a yearlong search, Dr. M. David Rudd was confirmed as the 12th president on May 1, 2014.[16]

text: Campus[edit]

text: The University of Memphis campus is located approximately 5 miles (8.0 km) east of downtown in the University District neighborhood of east Memphis. It has an area of 1,160 acres (4.7 km2), although this figure does not include the law school in the former United States federal customshouse in downtown Memphis, which opened in January 2010. The historical core of campus encompasses approximately 30 acres (120,000 m2).

text: Campus planners have significantly increased the amount of green space and the number of walkways over the past several years, while maintaining a focus on the original historic architecture of the campus.

text: Surrounding the university's main campus are several historic neighborhoods to the north and east, as well as the University District neighborhood and the commercial Highland Strip to the west. Many University of Memphis college students also reside in housing south of the main campus.

text: Layout[edit]

text: The University of Memphis campus is set out in a rectilinear format, planned as a geometric design similar to the Jeffersonian style of the University of Virginia.

text: Despite gradual expansion of the campus to the West and South, the campus is fairly compact and retains a park-like, tree-lined setting. The farthest distance on campus takes about twenty-five minutes to walk. According to the most recent master plan. The University of Memphis is projected to expand and redevelop additional areas one block west of the main campus' current western boundary of Patterson St., making Highland Avenue the "de facto" entrance to the university.

text: Main campus[edit]

text: The center of the main campus comprises buildings that made up the original campus. The first college buildings, including Scates Hall, Manning Hall, and The Administration Building, were erected in the early 20th century. This section stretches from Deloach Ave. south to the end of the main campus at Walker Ave., with most buildings surrounding The Alumni Mall and Student Plaza. The majority of the buildings of the arts and humanities departments, as well as those of the Physics and Astronomy departments of the College of Arts and Science, are located in the original areas of campus.

text: Flanking the original area of campus to the east are the areas of major research for The Life Sciences and Engineering departments, including J.R. Smith Hall, The Life Sciences Building and The Herff College of Engineering Complex, as well as The Education Department, residing in E.C. Ball Hall, and the Art Museum of the University of Memphis, located in the Communication and Fine Arts building. The Ned R. McWherter Library, a state-of-the art library facility and one of the premier research libraries of the Mid-South United States, takes up the eastern part of the campus adjacent to Dunavant Plaza and Emeriti Grove.

text: The northwestern area of the main campus includes The Fogelman College of Business and Economics, The Fogelman Executive Center (a major conference center for regional executives visiting The University of Memphis), and The FedEx Institute of Technology, a major research contributor in the areas of Supply Chain Management, Nanotechnology, Robotics and Intelligent Systems. Originally, in the north end of the campus, Norriswood Ave. was the northern boundary and was an actual street that ran through the campus. The campus expanded into this area in the late 1960s & early 1970s.

text: The western edge and southwest corner include Johnson Hall (comprising the Geography and Geology Departments), Patterson Hall (housing the English department), Wilder Tower, Greek Row, and the bulk of The University of Memphis residence halls. As The University of Memphis presses ahead with its planned expansion, many more facilities, pedestrian access, and green space will also be created with the renovation and development of the currently residential block east of Patterson St. in the University District neighborhood.

text: On January 29, 2013, Governor Bill Haslam announced a $44.6 million state budget pledge for the Community Health Building, which will be the new home of The Loewenberg School of Nursing and The College of Communication Sciences and Disorders.  The University of Memphis was required to raise $15 million from private funds to match the state funds.

text: In 2017, the University announced plans for a new Veterans Care Center on campus. Located in the Psychological Services Center on campus, the Veterans Care Center "will address the mental health needs of veterans, regardless of era, gender, discharge status or service connection."[17]

text: Park Avenue Campus[edit]

text: Directly south of the main campus along the corner of Park Avenue and Getwell Road sits the Park Avenue Campus. The Park Avenue Campus is home not only to various intramural athletics programs and facilities, but also to various research facilities, classrooms and the Speech and Audiology Pathology Center. The Defense Contract Audit Agency also operates its main training facility on the Park Avenue Campus.

text: Future plans include a regulation indoor soccer stadium and track facility, capable of hosting large-scale NCAA Division I track-and-field meets.[18]

text: The graduate and family housing units are located at Park Avenue, 1 mile (1.6 km) from the main university campus. The complex has 150 housing units.[19] Residents are zoned to Memphis City Schools.[20] The zoned schools are Sherwood Elementary School,[21] Colonial Middle School,[22] and White Station High School.[23]

text: Downtown Law School Campus[edit]

text: In 2010, the University of Memphis, School of Law was moved permanently from the main campus to a newly renovated downtown campus. The new University of Memphis, School of Law campus sits adjacent to downtown courts and the financial and administrative center of the city.

text: Lambuth Campus[edit]

text: In 2011, the University of Memphis began offering undergraduate and graduate programs on the former Lambuth University campus in Jackson, Tennessee, located approximately 80 miles (130 km) east of Memphis. Now known as the University of Memphis Lambuth Campus, the historic campus includes classroom buildings, dormitories, library, planetarium, and athletic facilities. As of the fall of 2016, official enrollment had risen to 934 students.[24]

text: Environmentalism[edit]

text: The Edward J. Meeman Biological Station of the University of Memphis conducts research in ecology, environmental biology, and natural history. It is named for Edward J. Meeman, an editor of the former Memphis Press-Scimitar newspaper who later established a foundation to fund environmental studies.[25]

text: In 2007, President Shirley Raines signed the American College and University President's Climate Commitment (ACUPCC), which requires that the university become carbon neutral.[26]

text: The Green Campus Initiative works to develop and implement a strategic plan to achieve the goals of the APUPCC.  Successful events and projects include the May 2009 2nd Annual E-Recycling Day, resulting in 155 tons of electronic items collected, and the Tiger Initiative for Gardening in Urban Settings (TIGUrS), a fruit and vegetable gardening initiative across campus.[27]

text: In April 2008, the student-run Environmental Action Club ran a Green Power Campaign to promote a student referendum to add a "Green Fee" to tuition payments to fund clean, renewable energy and other campus sustainability projects. The referendum passed with a 69% student approval rate. The university is now purchasing renewable energy through the TVA's Green Power Switch program and offsetting 10% of current energy use.[28] It is now the 2nd largest green power purchaser in the entire TVA distribution region.[29]

text: In February 2009, the TERRA (Technologically and Environmentally Responsive Residential Architecture) sustainable design demonstration house was completed. Designed by the Department of Architecture, the LEED Platinum TERRA house serves as a studio for which architecture and design students to design "green" housing within urban areas, as well as serve as a demonstration house open for tours and serving as an educational tool for the community.[30]

text: Memphis received a grade of "C" on the 2009 Campus Sustainability Report Card published by the Sustainable Endowments Institute.[31] Only 34 schools earned a higher grade.[32]

text: Athletics[edit]

text: Activities[edit]

text: Clubs and organizations[edit]

text: The Daily Helmsman[edit]

text: The Daily Helmsman is the student newspaper of the University of Memphis.  The editorially independent student newspaper of the university publishes 5,500 copies a day, four days a week, and employs a paid staff of more than 30, which includes an editorial team of six, more than 20 staff writers, photographers, copy editors, and other staff members during the Fall and Spring semesters.

text: The publication is part of a tradition which began in 1931 as The Tiger Rag, a protest newspaper. Since that time, the newspaper has been continuously published by University of Memphis students. Even during World War II when paper and other resources were scarce, the newspaper published as a newsletter posted on bulletin boards around campus.

text: The name of the newspaper was changed to The Helmsman in 1972, and became The Daily Helmsman in 1981, when the newspaper began publishing four days a week.

text: The Helmsman has won many honors over the years for reporting, photography and design, including awards given by the William Randolph Hearst Foundation, Columbia University and the Southeastern Journalism Conference. Helmsman alumni have gone on to jobs at many prestigious news organizations, such as The New York Times, Rolling Stone magazine, and Southern Living magazine, among others. In 2012, The Helmsman and then-Editor-in-Chief Chelsea Boozer were awarded the College Press Freedom Award for their efforts fighting "a retaliatory budget cut while enduring a campaign of harassment by campus police."[33] The award is given annually by the Student Press Law Center and the Associated Collegiate Press. Boozer also won a national Investigative Reporters and Editors award for coverage of how student activity fees are spent, including how the Student Government Association writes its senior officers free tuition, parking and stipends out of the money collected from the student body.

text: Religious organizations[edit]

text: Numerous religious centers are located on the campus, including the Wesley Foundation (a United Methodist student center), the Baptist Student Center, the University Catholic Center and Catholic Student Center, Ukirk (a PCUSA campus ministry) Barth House Episcopal Student Center, Reformed University Fellowship, the Soma Christian Student Center (a Church of Christ-supported center), and Memphis Hillel. Numerous other religious clubs of various faiths also exist on campus, which meet in various locations.

text: Honor societies[edit]

text:
Golden Key International Honour Society
Sigma Tau Delta
Omicron Delta Kappa
Phi Kappa Phi
Phi Sigma Pi
Pi Tau Sigma
Tau Beta Pi
Tau Sigma Delta

text: Greek life[edit]

text: Fraternities[edit]

text:
Alpha Phi Alpha
Delta Tau Delta
Iota Phi Theta
Kappa Alpha Order
Kappa Alpha Psi
Lambda Chi Alpha
Omega Psi Phi
Phi Beta Sigma
Sigma Chi
Sigma Phi Epsilon
Zeta Beta Tau

text: Sororities[edit]

text:
Alpha Delta Pi
Alpha Gamma Delta
Alpha Kappa Alpha
Delta Gamma
Delta Sigma Theta
Kappa Delta
Lambda Theta Alpha
Phi Mu
Pi Beta Phi
Sigma Gamma Rho
Sigma Kappa
Zeta Phi Beta

text: Traditions[edit]

text: The University of Memphis has accumulated numerous traditions over its long history as the flagship public research university within the Tennessee Board of Regents system.

text: Mighty Sound of the South[edit]

text: The Mighty Sound of the South Band is the university's band. The band performs at Memphis Tigers football games as a marching band and at Tigers basketball games as a pep band. As one of the oldest institutions at the university, the Band partakes in many of the game day traditions. The MSS performs more than any other student ensemble on campus, and for approximately 350,000 fans each fall. The MSS is featured at nearly every campus-wide event, ranging from Freshman Convocation to the Homecoming Parade and Pep Rally. The band has been featured on the nationally syndicated "Mike & Mandy" Radio Show, and is a star attraction at the Bandmaster's Championship, a high school marching band contest administered by The University of Memphis Band Alumni Chapter. Members of the MSS represent all academic disciplines across campus, and historically has been open to all students via audition.

text: Mascot[edit]

text: For over 30 years, the sideline mascot for The University of Memphis has been a live Bengal tiger named TOM.  During this time, the university has hosted three successive tigers, known respectively as TOM I, TOM II, and TOM III.  The university also has a costumed tiger mascot known as Pouncer.

text: TOM III, the current Tiger mascot, attends all Tiger football home games and other University events. TOM III travels in a climate-controlled trailer with a police escort. TOM III is housed and cared for by the Highland Hundred Tiger Guard, an alumni booster organization in a $300,000 facility. TOM II matured, eventually weighing more than 500 pounds (230 kg). The University of Memphis is one of only two universities in America with a live tiger mascot (the other being LSU in Baton Rouge). After being diagnosed with mouth cancer, TOM II was euthanized on October 15, 2008, at the age of 17.  The team of veterinarians who oversaw TOM II decided this was necessary to ensure he did not suffer due to his illness.

text: The Highland Hundred football booster group found a replacement for the mascot in the tiger cub TOM III.

text: The university currently has fifty tiger statues located on campus and another fifty located around the Memphis area. The Alumni Association placed the life-sized tigers around the city in honor of the University's Centennial in January 2012.[34]

text: Nickname[edit]

text: When the University of Memphis first fielded a football team in the fall of 1912, no one had selected a nickname for the squad. Early references to the football team tabbed them only as the Blue and Gray Warriors.

text: After the final game of the 1914 season, there was a student parade. During this event, several university students shouted, "We fight like Tigers!" The nickname was born. As time passed, the nickname "Tigers" was increasingly used, particularly in campus publications, but did not catch on with the newspapers downtown. They continued to use "the Blue and Gray" when referring to the university.

text: Under Coach Lester Barnard in 1922, Memphis's football team gave a ring of truth to that old student yell about Tigers. The team adopted a motto – "Every Man a Tiger" – and went on to score 174 points while allowing its opponents just 29 points. The Tiger nickname continued with students and alumni, eventually being adopted as the official nickname for the University of Memphis in 1939.

text: Song[edit]

text: Notable among a number of songs commonly played and sung at various events such as commencement and convocation, and athletic games is "Go! Tigers! Go!", the University of Memphis Tigers' fight song.  The fight song was written by Tom Ferguson, former Director of Bands at Memphis State University during the 1960s.

text: Special programs[edit]

text: Tennessee Governor's School for International Studies[edit]

text: The Governor's School for International Studies, abbreviated GSIS, is an academic summer program for gifted junior and senior high school students in Tennessee. It is a selective program located at the University of Memphis in which students study two Political Science, a foreign language, and an elective of their choice from the International Studies curriculum. The students, upon finishing the four-week term, gain six hours of college credit which may be transferred to any Tennessee Board of Regents School.[35]

text: Chucalissa Indian Village[edit]

text: UofM also operates the Chucalissa Indian Village, an American Indian heritage site and museum.  Officially known as the T. O. Fuller State Park, the location includes a museum and important archeological sites.

text: Notable people[edit]

text: List of presidents[edit]

text:
Seymour A. Mynders (1912–1913)
John Willard Brister (1913–1918)
Andrew A. Kincannon (1918–1924)
John Willard Brister (1924–1939)
Richard C. Jones (1939–1943)
Jennings B. Sanders (1943–1946)
J. Millard (Jack) Smith (1946–1960)
Cecil C(larence) Humphreys (1960–1972)
John Richardson (1972–1973) interim
Billy Mac Jones (1973–1980)
Thomas G. Carpenter (1980–1991)
V. Lane Rawlins (1991–2000)
Ralph Faudree (2000–2001) interim
Shirley C. Raines (2001–2013)
R. Brad Martin (2013–2014) interim
M. David Rudd (2014–present)

text: Notable alumni[edit]

text:
Dixie Carter American actress

Steve Cohen U.S. Representative, 9th Congressional District, Tennessee

Stephen Gostkowski American football player New England Patriots, NFL

Spurgeon Neel, MD Maj General, U.S. Army, aeromedical evacuation pioneer

Edmund Warren Perry writer

Fred Thompson Former U.S. Senator

Dan Uggla MLB second baseman

Stan Franklin Noted cognitive scientist

DeAngelo Williams American football player Pittsburgh Steelers, NFL

Mulgrew Miller Noted jazz pianist

Jason Isbell Singer-songwriter