document_title: Finding Nemo

question_text: what kind of shark is chum from finding nemo

root

text: Finding Nemo

text: Plot[edit]

text: Two clownfish, Marlin and Coral, are admiring their new home in the Great Barrier Reef, Australia, and their clutch of hundreds of eggs, when a barracuda attacks. Marlin is knocked unconscious, and wakes up to find Coral and all but one of the eggs gone. He names this last egg Nemo, a name that Coral had chosen.

tag: p

text: On the first day of school, Marlin embarrasses Nemo during a field trip. While Marlin talks to the teacher, Mr. Ray, Nemo sneaks away from the reef toward a boat and is captured by a scuba diver. As the boat departs, one of the divers accidentally knocks his diving mask overboard. Marlin chases after the boat and meets Dory, a blue tang who suffers from short-term memory loss. The two encounter Bruce, Anchor, and Chum, three reformed sharks who have renounced eating other fish. While at their meeting, Marlin discovers the diver's mask and notices an address written on it. However, Dory and Marlin fight over the mask, giving Dory a bloody nose. The blood sends Bruce into a feeding frenzy, and he attacks Marlin and Dory, who narrowly escape.

text: Nemo is placed in a fish tank in a dentist’s office, where he meets the Tank Gang, led by Gill. The gang learn Nemo is to be given to the dentist's niece Darla, who has killed previous fish given to her. Gill devises a plan to escape: jam the tank's filter with a pebble so the dentist will put the fish in plastic bags to clean the tank, then roll out the window and into the harbor. Nemo attempts to jam the filter but fails, nearly dying in the process.

text: The mask falls into a trench in the deep sea, where, while battling an anglerfish, Dory reads the address as 42 Wallaby Way, Sydney. To her own disbelief, Dory remembers the address despite her short-term memory loss. Dory and Marlin receive directions to Sydney from a school of moonfish. On the way, they encounter a bloom of jellyfish that traps and nearly stings them to death. Marlin loses consciousness and awakens on the back of a sea turtle named Crush, who shuttles Marlin and Dory on the East Australian Current. Marlin tells the story of his journey to a group of young sea turtles led by Crush's son Squirt. News of his quest spreads across the ocean. Near the harbor, a pelican named Nigel flies to the dentist's office and brings news of Marlin's efforts. Inspired, Nemo makes a second attempt to jam the filter. He succeeds, but the dentist installs a new high-tech filter before the Tank Gang can escape.

text: Marlin and Dory exit the East Australian Current and are engulfed by a blue whale. Dory communicates with the whale, which carries them to Sydney Harbour and expels them through his blowhole. They meet Nigel, who helps the pair escape from a flock of seagulls and takes them to the dentist's office. Darla has just arrived, and the dentist is handing Nemo to her. Nemo plays dead to save himself as Nigel arrives, terrifying Darla and throwing the office into chaos. After Nigel is violently thrown out by the dentist, Gill helps Nemo escape into a drain that leads to the ocean.

text: Having mistaken Nemo for dead, Marlin thanks Dory and starts his return journey. Dory meets Nemo when he reaches the ocean, but she has lost her memory. Eventually, Dory's memory returns when she reads the word Sydney on a drainpipe. She reunites Nemo with Marlin, but she is caught in a fishing net with a school of grouper. Nemo enters the net and orders the grouper to swim downward to break the net and escape. Later, having returned home, Marlin and Dory proudly watch Mr. Ray carry Nemo and his friends to school.

text: Voice cast[edit]

text: This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (November 2016) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

tag: table

text:
Albert Brooks as Marlin, a clownfish, Coral's husband and Nemo's father.
Ellen DeGeneres as Dory, a regal blue tang with short-term memory loss.
Alexander Gould as Nemo, Marlin's only surviving son, who is excited about life and exploring the ocean, but gets captured and domesticated as a pet.
Willem Dafoe as Gill, a moorish idol fish living in an aquarium in a dentist clinic, and the leader of the Tank Gang.
Brad Garrett as Bloat, the aquarium's pufferfish.
Allison Janney as Peach, the aquarium's starfish.
Stephen Root as Bubbles, the aquarium's yellow tang fish.
Austin Pendleton as Gurgle, the aquarium's royal gramma fish.
Vicki Lewis as Deb/Flo, the aquarium's striped damselfish.
Joe Ranft as Jacques, the aquarium's cleaner shrimp.
Geoffrey Rush as Nigel, an Australian pelican, who often visits the dentist clinic and is friends with the aquarium fish.
Andrew Stanton as Crush, a green sea turtle, and the Seagulls.
Elizabeth Perkins as Coral, Marlin's wife and Nemo's mother.
Nicholas Bird as Squirt, Crush's son.
Bob Peterson as Mr. Ray, a spotted eagle ray and Nemo's schoolteacher.
Barry Humphries as Bruce, a vegetarian great white shark, who fights his instinctive wills to eat innocent fish and is friends with Anchor and Chum.
Eric Bana as Anchor, a hammerhead shark, who is friends with Bruce and Chum.
Bruce Spence as Chum, a mako shark who is friends with Bruce and Anchor.
Bill Hunter as The Dentist.
LuLu Ebeling as Darla, the dentist's rambunctious young niece.
Jordy Ranft as Tad, a butterfly fish fingerling and Nemo's friend at school.
Erica Beck as Pearl, a young flapjack octopus and Nemo's friend at school.
Erik Per Sullivan as Sheldon, a young seahorse, and Nemo's friend at school.
John Ratzenberger as the school of moonfish.

tag: ul

text: Production[edit]

text: The inspiration for Nemo sprang from multiple experiences, going back to director Andrew Stanton's childhood, when he loved going to the dentist to see the fish tank, assuming that the fish were from the ocean and wanted to go home.[6] In 1992, shortly after his son was born, he and his family took a trip to Six Flags Discovery Kingdom (which was called Marine World at the time). There, after seeing the shark tube and various exhibits, he felt that the underwater world could be done beautifully in computer animation.[7] Later, in 1997, he took his son for a walk in the park, but realized that he was overprotecting him and lost an opportunity to have a father-son experience that day.[6]

text: In an interview with National Geographic magazine, Stanton said that the idea for the characters of Marlin and Nemo came from a photograph of two clownfish peeking out of an anemone:

text:
“

It was so arresting. I had no idea what kind of fish they were, but I couldn't take my eyes off them. And as an entertainer, the fact that they were called clownfish—it was perfect. There's almost nothing more appealing than these little fish that want to play peekaboo with you.[8]

”

text: In addition, clownfish are colourful, but do not tend to come out of an anemone often. For a character who has to go on a dangerous journey, Stanton felt a clownfish was the perfect type of fish for the character.[6] Pre-production of the film began in early 1997. Stanton began writing the screenplay during the post-production of A Bug's Life. As a result, Finding Nemo began production with a complete screenplay, something that co-director Lee Unkrich called "very unusual for an animated film".[6] The artists took scuba diving lessons to study the coral reef.[6]

text: The idea for the initiation sequence came from a story conference between Andrew Stanton and Bob Peterson while they were driving to record the actors. Stanton was inspired to cast Ellen DeGeneres when he watched an episode of Ellen in which he saw her "change the subject five times before finishing one sentence".[6] The pelican character named Gerald (who in the final film ends up swallowing and choking on Marlin and Dory) was originally a friend of Nigel. They were going to play against each other with Nigel being neat and fastidious and Gerald being scruffy and sloppy. The filmmakers could not find an appropriate scene for them that did not slow the pace of the picture, so Gerald's character was minimized.[6]

text: Stanton himself provided the voice of Crush the sea turtle. He originally did the voice for the film's story reel, and assumed they would find an actor later. When Stanton's performance became popular in test screenings, he decided to keep his performance in the film. He recorded all his dialogue while lying on a sofa in Unkrich's office.[6] Crush's son Squirt was voiced by Nicholas Bird, the young son of fellow Pixar director Brad Bird. According to Stanton, the elder Bird was playing a tape recording of his young son around the Pixar studios one day. Stanton felt the voice was "this generation's Thumper" and immediately cast Nicholas.[6]

text: Megan Mullally was originally going to provide a voice in the film. According to Mullally, the producers were dissatisfied to learn that the voice of her character Karen Walker on the television show Will & Grace was not her natural speaking voice. The producers hired her anyway, and then strongly encouraged her to use her Karen Walker voice for the role. When Mullally refused, she was dismissed.[9]

text: To ensure that the movements of the fish in the film were believable, the animators took a crash course in fish biology and oceanography. They visited aquariums, went diving in Hawaii and received in-house lectures from an ichthyologist.[10] As a result, Pixar's animator for Dory, Gini Cruz Santos, integrated "the fish movement, human movement, and facial expressions to make them look and feel like real characters."[11][12]

text: The film was dedicated to Glenn McQueen, a Pixar animator who died of melanoma in October 2002.[13] Finding Nemo shares many plot elements with Pierrot the Clownfish,[14] a children's book published in 2002, but allegedly conceived in 1995. The author, Franck Le Calvez, sued Disney for infringement of his intellectual rights and to bar Finding Nemo merchandise in France. The judge ruled against him, citing the color differences between Pierrot and Nemo.[15]

text: Video game[edit]

text: A video game based on the film was released in 2003, for PC, Xbox, PlayStation 2, Nintendo GameCube, and Game Boy Advance. The goal of the game is to complete different levels under the roles of Nemo, Marlin or Dory. It includes cut scenes from the movie, and each clip is based on a level. It was also the last Pixar game developed by Traveller's Tales. Upon release, the game received mixed reviews.[16][17][18][19][20][21] A Game Boy Advance sequel, titled Finding Nemo: The Continuing Adventures, was released in 2004.[22]

text: Reception[edit]

text: Critical response[edit]

text: The review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes reported a 99% approval rating, with a rating average of 8.7/10, based on 260 reviews. The site's consensus reads: "Breathtakingly lovely and grounded by the stellar efforts of a well-chosen cast, Finding Nemo adds another beautifully crafted gem to Pixar's crown."[23] Another review aggregation website, Metacritic, which assigns a normalized rating out of 100 top reviews from mainstream critics, calculated a score of 90 out of 100, based on 38 reviews, indicating "universal acclaim."[24]

text: Roger Ebert gave the film four out of four stars, calling it "one of those rare movies where I wanted to sit in the front row and let the images wash out to the edges of my field of vision".[25] Broadway star Nathan Lane, who was the voice of Timon the meerkat in The Lion King, has said Finding Nemo was his favorite animated film.[26] Ed Park of The Village Voice gave the film a positive review, saying "It's an ocean of eye candy that tastes fresh even in this ADD-addled era of SpongeBob SquarePants."[27] Mark Caro of the Chicago Tribune gave the film four out of four stars, saying "You connect to these sea creatures as you rarely do with humans in big-screen adventures. The result: a true sunken treasure."[28] Hazel-Dawn Dumpert of LA Weekly gave the film a positive review, saying "As gorgeous a film as Disney's ever put out, with astonishing qualities of light, movement, surface and color at the service of the best professional imaginations money can buy."[29] Jeff Strickler of the Star Tribune gave the film a positive review, saying it "proves that even when Pixar is not at the top of its game, it still produces better animation than some of its competitors on their best days."[29] Gene Seymour of Newsday gave the film three-and-a-half stars out of four, saying "The underwater backdrops take your breath away. No, really. They're so lifelike, you almost feel like holding your breath while watching."[29] Rene Rodriguez of the Miami Herald gave the film four out of four stars, saying "Parental anxiety may not be the kind of stuff children's films are usually made of, but this perfectly enchanting movie knows how to cater to its kiddie audience without condescending to them."[30]

text: Kenneth Turan of the Los Angeles Times gave the film three-and-a-half out of five, saying "The best break of all is that Pixar's traditionally untethered imagination can't be kept under wraps forever, and "Nemo" erupts with sea creatures that showcase Stanton and company's gift for character and peerless eye for skewering contemporary culture."[31] Stephen Holden of The New York Times gave the film four out of five stars, saying "Visual imagination and sophisticated wit raise Finding Nemo to a level just below the peaks of Pixar's Toy Story movies and Monsters, Inc.."[32] Terry Lawson of the Detroit Free Press gave the film three out of four, saying "As we now expect from Pixar, even the supporting fish in "Finding Nemo" are more developed as characters than any human in the Mission: Impossible movies."[33] Claudia Puig of USA Today gave the film three and half out of four, saying "Finding Nemo is an undersea treasure. The most gorgeous of all the Pixar films—which include Toy Story 1 and 2, A Bug's Life and Monsters, Inc.—Nemo treats family audiences to a sweet, resonant story and breathtaking visuals. It may lack Monsters, Inc.'s clever humor, but kids will identify with the spunky sea fish Nemo, and adults will relate to Marlin, Nemo's devoted dad."[34] Bruce Westbrook of the Houston Chronicle gave the film an A-, saying "Finding Nemo lives up to Pixar's high standards for wildly creative visuals, clever comedy, solid characters and an involving story."[35] Tom Long of The Detroit News gave the film an A-, saying "A simple test of humanity: If you don't laugh aloud while watching it, you've got a battery not a heart."[29]

text: Lou Lumenick of the New York Post gave the film four out of four, saying "A dazzling, computer-animated fish tale with a funny, touching script and wonderful voice performances that make it an unqualified treat for all ages."[29] Moira MacDonald of The Seattle Times gave the film four out of four, saying "Enchanting; written with an effortless blend of sweetness and silliness, and animated with such rainbow-hued beauty, you may find yourself wanting to freeze-frame it."[29] Daphne Gordon of the Toronto Star gave the film four out of five, saying "One of the strongest releases from Disney in years, thanks to the work of Andrew Stanton, possibly one of the most successful directors you've never heard of."[29] Ty Burr of The Boston Globe gave the film three and a half out of four, saying "Finding Nemo isn't quite up there with the company's finest work—there's finally a sense of formula setting in—but it's hands down the best family film since Monsters, Inc."[29] C.W. Nevius of The San Francisco Chronicle gave the film four out of four, saying "The visuals pop, the fish emote and the ocean comes alive. That's in the first two minutes. After that, they do some really cool stuff."[36] Ann Hornaday of The Washington Post gave the film a positive review, saying "Finding Nemo will engross kids with its absorbing story, brightly drawn characters and lively action, and grown-ups will be equally entertained by the film's subtle humor and the sophistication of its visuals."[29] David Ansen of Newsweek gave the film a positive review, saying "A visual marvel, every frame packed to the gills with clever details, Finding Nemo is the best big-studio release so far this year."[37]

text: Richard Corliss of Time gave the film a positive review, saying "Nemo, with its ravishing underwater fantasia, manages to trump the design glamour of earlier Pixar films."[38] Lisa Schwarzbaum of Entertainment Weekly gave the film an A, saying "In this seamless blending of technical brilliance and storytelling verve, the Pixar team has made something as marvelously soulful and innately, fluidly American as jazz."[39] Carrie Rickey of The Philadelphia Inquirer gave the film three out of four, saying "As eye-popping as Nemo's peepers and as eccentric as this little fish with asymmetrical fins."[29] David Germain of the Associated Press gave the film a positive review, saying "Finding Nemo is laced with smart humor and clever gags, and buoyed by another cheery story of mismatched buddies: a pair of fish voiced by Albert Brooks and Ellen DeGeneres."[40] Anthony Lane of The New Yorker gave the film a positive review, saying "The latest flood of wizardry from Pixar, whose productions, from Toy Story onward, have lent an indispensable vigor and wit to the sagging art of mainstream animation."[41] The 3D re-release prompted a retrospective on the film nine years after its initial release. Stephen Whitty of The Star-Ledger described it as "a genuinely funny and touching film that, in less than a decade, has established itself as a timeless classic."[42] On the 3D re-release, Lisa Schwarzbaum of Entertainment Weekly wrote that its emotional power was deepened by "the dimensionality of the oceanic deep" where "the spatial mysteries of watery currents and floating worlds are exactly where 3D explorers were born to boldly go".[43]

text: Box office[edit]

text: During its original theatrical run, Finding Nemo grossed $339,714,978 in North America, and $559,492,275 in other countries, for a worldwide total of $940,335,536.[2] It is currently the forty-third-highest-grossing film, the ninth highest-grossing animated film, and the second-highest-grossing film of 2003, behind The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King.[44] Worldwide, it was the highest-grossing Pixar film, up until 2010, when Toy Story 3 surpassed it.[45] The film sold an estimated 56,337,500 tickets in the US in its initial theatrical run.[46]

text: In North America, Finding Nemo set an opening weekend record for an animated feature, making $70,251,710 (first surpassed by Shrek 2) and ended up spending 11 weeks in the top 10 domestically (including 7 weeks in the top 5), remaining there until August 14.[47] It became the highest-grossing animated film in North America ($339.7 million), outside North America ($528.2 million), and worldwide ($867.9 million), in all three occasions out-grossing The Lion King.[48] In North America, it was surpassed by both Shrek 2 in 2004 and Toy Story 3 in 2010.[49] After the re-release of The Lion King in 2011, and then Despicable Me 2 and Frozen in 2013, Minions in 2015, Zootopia, its sequel Finding Dory in 2016, Despicable Me 3 in 2017, and Incredibles 2 in 2018, passed it, it stands as the tenth highest-grossing animated film in these regions. Outside North America, it stands as the fifth-highest-grossing animated film. Worldwide, it now ranks fourth among animated films.[50]

text: The film had impressive box office runs in many international markets. In Japan, its highest-grossing market after North America, it grossed ¥11.2 billion ($102.4 million), becoming the highest-grossing foreign animated film in local currency (yen).[51] It has only been surpassed by Frozen (¥12.1 billion).[52] Following in biggest grosses are the U.K., Ireland and Malta, where it grossed £37.2 million ($67.1 million), France and the Maghreb region ($64.8 million), Germany ($53.9 million), and Spain ($29.5 million).[53]

text: 3D re-release[edit]

text: After the success of the 3D re-release of The Lion King, Disney re-released Finding Nemo in 3D on September 14, 2012,[54] with a conversion cost estimated to be below $5 million.[55] For the opening weekend of its 3D re-release in North America, Finding Nemo grossed $16.7 million, debuting at the No. 2 spot behind Resident Evil: Retribution.[56] The film earned $41.1 million in North America and $31.0 million internationally, for a combined total of $72.1 million, and a cumulative worldwide total of $940.3 million.[1]

text: Accolades[edit]

text: Finding Nemo won the Academy Award and Saturn Award for Best Animated Film.[57] It also won the award for Best Animated Film at the Kansas City Film Critics Circle Awards, the Las Vegas Film Critics Society Awards, the National Board of Review Awards, the Online Film Critics Society Awards, and the Toronto Film Critics Association Awards.[58] The film received many other awards, including: Kids Choice Awards for Favorite Movie and Favorite Voice from an Animated Movie (Ellen DeGeneres), and the Saturn Award for Best Supporting Actress (Ellen DeGeneres).[58]

text: The film was also nominated for two Chicago Film Critics Association Awards, for Best Picture and Best Supporting Actress (Ellen DeGeneres), a Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy, and two MTV Movie Awards, for Best Movie and Best Comedic Performance (Ellen DeGeneres).[58]

text: In June 2008, the American Film Institute revealed its "Ten Top Ten", the best 10 films in 10 "classic" American film genres, after polling over 1,500 people from the creative community. Finding Nemo was acknowledged as the 10th best film in the animation genre.[4] It was the most recently released film among all 10 lists, and one of only three movies made after the year 2000 (the others being The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring and Shrek).[59]

text: American Film Institute recognition:

text:
AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies – Nominated[59]
AFI's 10 Top 10 – No. 10 Animated film[4]

text: Environmental concerns and consequences[edit]

text: The film's use of clownfish prompted mass purchase of the fish breed as pets in the United States, even though the story portrayed the use of fish as pets negatively and suggested that saltwater aquariums are notably tricky and expensive to maintain.[60] The demand for clownfish was supplied by large-scale harvesting of tropical fish in regions like Vanuatu.[61] The Australian Tourism Commission (ATC) launched several marketing campaigns in China and the United States to improve tourism in Australia, many of them utilizing Finding Nemo clips.[62][63] Queensland used Finding Nemo to draw tourists to promote its state for vacationers.[64] According to National Geographic, "Ironically, Finding Nemo, a movie about the anguish of a captured clownfish, caused home-aquarium demand for them to triple."[65]

text: The reaction to the film by the general public has led to environmental devastation for the clownfish, and has provoked an outcry from several environmental protection agencies, including the Marine Aquarium Council, Australia. The demand for tropical fish skyrocketed after the film's release, causing reef species decimation in Vanuatu and many other reef areas.[66] After seeing the film, some aquarium owners released their pet fish into the ocean, but failed to release them into the correct oceanic habitat, which introduced species that are harmful to the indigenous environment, a practice that is harming reefs worldwide.[67][68]

text: Home media[edit]

text: Finding Nemo was released on VHS and DVD on November 4, 2003.[69] The DVD release included an original short film, Exploring the Reef, and the short animated film, Knick Knack (1989).[70] It would go on to become the best-selling DVD of its time, selling over 2 million units in its first two weeks of release.[71]

text: The film was then released on both Blu-ray and Blu-ray 3D on December 4, 2012, with both a 3-disc and a 5-disc set.[72]

text: Soundtrack[edit]

text: Finding Nemo was the first Pixar film not to be scored by Randy Newman. The original soundtrack album, Finding Nemo, was scored by Thomas Newman, his cousin, and released on May 20, 2003.[73][74] The album was nominated for the Academy Award for Original Music Score, losing to The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King.[75]

text: Theme park attractions[edit]

text: Finding Nemo has inspired numerous attractions and properties at Disney Parks around the world, including: Turtle Talk with Crush, which opened in 2004 at Epcot, 2005 in Disney California Adventure Park, 2008 in Hong Kong Disneyland, and 2009 in Tokyo DisneySea; Finding Nemo Submarine Voyage, which opened in 2007 in Disneyland Park; The Seas with Nemo & Friends, which opened in 2007 at Epcot; Finding Nemo – The Musical, which opened in 2007 in Disney's Animal Kingdom; and Crush's Coaster, which opened in 2007 at Walt Disney Studios Park.[76][77][78]

text: Sequel[edit]

text: In 2005, after disagreements between Disney's Michael Eisner and Pixar's Steve Jobs over the distribution of Pixar's films, Disney announced that they would be creating a new animation studio, Circle 7 Animation, to make sequels to the seven Disney-owned Pixar films (which consisted of the films released between 1995 and 2006).[79] The studio had put Toy Story 3 and Monsters University into development, and had hired screenwriter Laurie Craig to write a draft for Finding Dory.[80] Circle 7 was subsequently shut down after Robert Iger replaced Eisner as CEO of Disney and arranged the acquisition of Pixar.

text: In July 2012, it was reported that Andrew Stanton was developing a sequel to Finding Nemo, to be titled Finding Dory,[81] with Victoria Strouse writing the script, and the film scheduled to be released in 2016.[82] The same day the news of a potential sequel broke, Stanton called into question the accuracy of the reports. The message said, "Didn't you all learn from Chicken Little? Everyone calm down. Don't believe everything you read. Nothing to see here now. #skyisnotfalling".[83] According to the report by The Hollywood Reporter published in August 2012, Ellen DeGeneres was in negotiations to reprise her role of Dory.[84] In September 2012, Stanton confirmed, saying, "What was immediately on the list was writing a second Carter movie. When that went away, everything slid up. I know I'll be accused by more sarcastic people that it's a reaction to Carter not doing well, but only in its timing, but not in its conceit".[85] In February 2013, it was confirmed by the press that Albert Brooks would reprise the role of Marlin in the sequel.[86]

text: In April 2013, Disney announced the sequel Finding Dory, confirming that DeGeneres and Brooks would be reprising their roles as Dory and Marlin, respectively. It was scheduled to be released on November 25, 2015,[87][88] but the film's ending was revised after Pixar executives viewed Blackfish.[89][90] On September 18, 2013, it was announced that the film would be pushed back to a UK July 29, 2016 release. Pixar's The Good Dinosaur was moved to the November 25, 2015 slot to allow more time for production of the film.[91]


document_title: Mac (It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia)

question_text: mac from it's always sunny in philadelphia

question_tokens: mac from it 's always sunny in philadelphia

text: Mac (It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia)

text: Character overview[edit]

text: Mac is a co-owner of Paddy's, the self-proclaimed "Sheriff of Paddy's", and is generally the pub's most active manager. Mac is played by Rob McElhenney.

text: Mac carols his signature line, "What's up, bitches?", throughout the series. In many episodes, Mac will enter the bar announcing "I've got news", or a variation on that basic idea, to set the episode's plot in motion. The others rarely share his enthusiasm, but he usually convinces one of them to follow him, though often reluctantly. Throughout the series, Mac flashes his signature "puppy-dog look" when he is ashamed or when he proposes something reprehensibly shameful.

text: Name[edit]

text: For the first six seasons Mac's full name was kept anonymous as a running joke, though in the season four episode "Mac & Charlie Die," Mac's father's name is listed as "Luther Mac" on his parole papers and his mother is referred to as Mrs. Mac. In the episode "Who Got Dee Pregnant?," one of the McPoyle brothers refers to Mac as "Macwell." In the episode "The Gang Cracks the Liberty Bell" Mac, or at least Mac's 18th Century counterpart, is called "McDonald", suggesting that this is his surname. Mac's full real name, Ronald McDonald, wasn't revealed until the season seven episode "The High School Reunion". Mac hates the name due to its connection with the spokesman of the popular fast food chain McDonald's as well as his old nickname, "Ronnie the Rat," which he obtained from ratting on fellow drug dealers in high school. Mac "ratted" on drug dealers so he could become the main drug dealer of the school. He prefers to be simply called "Mac."

text: Description[edit]

text: Mac comes from a broken home; his father has been incarcerated for dealing meth and his mother is extremely apathetic and unemotional. Mac and his mother also own a dog named Poppins, who despite being extremely old and prone to eating poisonous objects appears to be practically indestructible. He sees himself as a karate expert and total "badass". Mac constantly seeks the acceptance of others, especially his parents, but his over-earnest efforts do not endear him to others. Earlier, under the impression that his father would possibly murder him after being paroled, Mac later receives a warm letter from his father, specifically requesting that Mac stay away from him. This letter is written as Mac's father fears that Mac's destructive tendencies could harm him. Dennis notes that the only reason Mac hung out with the popular kids in high school was because he sold them all weed and even then was considered an "asshole." Though Dennis reigns supreme as selfish and arrogant, Mac has made his fair share of selfish, inconsiderate decisions and observations.

text: Mac is considered by every member of The Gang to be a "jerk" and is nearly always the first to start betraying the others, though he does usually stick with Dennis, who is his best friend and has known him longer than anybody in The Gang other than Charlie. Like Dennis, Mac sees himself as superior to the rest of The Gang and often attempts to prove his supremacy. For instance, in an attempt to impress Charlie and Dennis, he makes a series of "Project Badass" videotapes that consist of various idiotic stunts set to music. He had a sexual relationship with a pre-op transgender woman named Carmen, for whom he claimed he was just "putting in time" as he waited for Carmen's surgery.

text: Mac sincerely believes that he is an adept martial artist with "cat-like reflexes" and usually wears sleeveless shirts to draw attention to his physique and exhibit his tribal tattoos. Despite his apparent fitness, Mac generally focuses his workout time on developing his, as Dennis called them, "glamor muscles" and is largely the weakest member in The Gang, behind everyone but Dennis. Despite his enthusiasm towards karate, he is shown to have no real skills in the sport.

text: A Catholic, Mac is the only member of The Gang to profess a religious faith. In "The Gang Exploits a Miracle", Mac fears that the Lord will show his wrath if they continue to exploit a water stain in the bar that appears to depict the Virgin Mary. Throughout the series, Mac refuses to wear a condom during sex because, as he explains to Charlie, he went to Catholic school. Though Mac seems to care more about issues such as abortion, community activism, and parenting than the rest of The Gang, his views on such subjects are invariably twisted, ignorant, or prejudiced and his actions regarding them are always hypocritical and selfish. For instance, after pretending to be adamantly pro-life in order to attract a female activist, Mac later demands that she get an abortion when he thinks she has become pregnant by him. In another instance, Mac discovers that Carmen has married and had the operation to remove her penis. He then belittles Carmen and her husband by quoting the Bible to them and calling them gay; however, he only reacts so because he expected Carmen to call him after the operation so they could date again. Mac constantly drinks alcohol, like the rest of The Gang, and abuses other substances, such as poppers and glue. In recent seasons, Mac has sometimes expressed Anti-Semitism, from his rant about Mark Zuckerberg and "his Jews" using Facebook and other social media to take over the world in "The Anti-Social Network" and, in "The Gang Group Dates", telling a disgusted Frank and Charlie that he wants to make sure any women he might date are not Jewish.

text: While Mac has sexual exploits with various women, including two models in immediate succession ("America's Next Top Paddy's Billboard Model Contest"), there have been throughout the series insinuations that Mac may be homosexual. This is manifested by his obsession with men's physiques and his reactionary religious views on homosexuality. In the final scene of the season 4 episode "Mac's Banging the Waitress", Charlie says to Dennis, "Do you still get the feeling he wants to bang us? That's what this is all about", after Mac tries to demonstrate how "badass" he is by falling from the roof onto a pile of mattresses. In the season 9 episode "Mac Day", Charlie says, "I know we've never said this as a group, but Mac's gay", to which the rest of The Gang readily agrees. In Season 10, when Dennis is listing all of the delusions The Gang has about themselves, he tells Mac that "you think that you're tough, and that you're straight." After a pause, Mac retorts "I AM tough!" Further, in episode 6 of season 10, "The Gang Misses the Boat", Mac convinces The Gang that he is sleeping with an attractive woman; however, they later discover that he merely paid her with angel dust to pretend they were together. She tells them that he "couldn't even get it up" for her.

text: In episode 9 of season 11, Mac, while on a Christian cruise, discovers that two other male passengers are gay and sets out to "convert" them. The two, however, "convert" Mac within minutes. This supposed realization of his repressed homosexuality results in the end of his belief in God. After The Gang is informed by Mac of his new identity, they tell him they've known since the first day they met him and proceed to move on with their self-involved lives. In the season 11 finale, Mac and the rest of The Gang are trapped inside the ship's brig and Mac tries one last time to pray to God to save all of them from imminent death (as the ship has presumably capsized and the room is filling with water). They are released in the nick of time. Mac later explains to The Gang and an insurance claim agent that God does exist and he, Mac, is indeed straight, because his prayer was answered and no loving God "would make" him gay. In episode 6 of season 12, the gang uses Mac's altered workout bike as evidence of his homosexuality during a legal arbitration. Mac is forced to admit his sexuality to win the dispute, but the gang expects him to return to the closet after the process is over. However, when given an opportunity to retract his admission, Mac finally decides to embrace his identity.

text: Weight gain[edit]

text: At the start of season 7, Mac has gained at least 60 pounds of fat, which he saw as a step to developing muscle ("cultivating mass" in his words) to go from "a tiny twink to [a] muscle-bound freak." In the episode "How Mac Got Fat", he goes into greater detail about his intentions, explaining that earlier, the Gang had decided to replace themselves with avatars to run Paddy's Pub so they could slack off. Mac's avatar was a bodybuilder. When Dee points out that the avatar doesn't look like him because he has more muscle, Mac starts gaining weight in an attempt to become the same size as the bodybuilder. Eventually the Gang drops the avatar plan and everything goes back to normal, but Mac is stuck with his dangerous weight gain. The rest of The Gang agrees he looks unhealthy — Dennis is personally outraged by the sight of his gut — but Mac is indifferent to their opinions despite developing diabetes as a result of his new eating habits.

text: The weight gain was real. Rob McElhenney has stated in interviews that he wanted to make Mac fat as his own way of fighting the trend of actors on TV shows getting more attractive as a show gains success (he specifically talked about The Big Bang Theory and how the nerdy lead characters were better-dressed and had trendier hairstyles as the show became a huge hit for CBS), and that it also made sense that Mac would be aging badly thanks to the reckless, selfish, and stupid lifestyle of which he and the rest of the characters are so proud.[citation needed].

text: To gain the weight for Season 7 in the healthiest way possible, McElhenney worked with a nutritionist recommended by professional baseball player Chase Utley (who had played himself in the Season 6 episode "The Gang Gets Stranded in the Woods").[1] He ate an average of 5,000 calories a day during the weight gain, and lost the weight by returning to his normal eating and workout routines.


document_title: Bob's Burgers (season 8)

question_text: when does the new bob's burgers come on

question_tokens: when does the new bob 's burgers come on

text: Bob's Burgers (season 8)

text: Episodes[edit]

text:
No.
overall
No. in
season
Title
Directed by
Written by
Original air date
Prod.
code
U.S. viewers
(millions)

130
1
"Brunchsquatch"
Mauricio Pardo & Ian Hamilton
Lizzie Molyneux & Wendy Molyneux
October 1, 2017 (2017-10-01)
7ASA14
2.93[6]

In this episode inspired by actual fan-art of the Bob's Burgers characters, the Belcher kids want a dog, but Bob and Linda refuse. After seeing Jimmy Pesto serve brunch at his restaurant, Bob decides to do the same thing at Bob's Burgers, but Linda overdoes it with the serving of the mimosas. Meanwhile, the kids hide Felix from Mr. Fischoeder.

131
2
"The Silence of the Louise"
Chris Song
Greg Thompson
October 15, 2017 (2017-10-15)
7ASA09
2.43[7]

Louise teams up with the psychotic Millie to find out who mutilated Mr. Frond's therapy dolls. Meanwhile, Teddy attempts to make an inspirational poster.

132
3
"The Wolf of Wharf Street"
Mauricio Pardo
Lizzie Molyneux & Wendy Molyneux
October 22, 2017 (2017-10-22)
7ASA07
3.02[8]

On Halloween, Linda takes the kids out to search for a wolf that may have been scaring the townspeople. Meanwhile, an injured Bob thinks that Teddy might be a werewolf.

133
4
"Sit Me Baby One More Time"
Brian Loschiavo
Nora Smith
November 5, 2017 (2017-11-05)
7ASA08
2.89[9]

Tina's babysitting business gets derailed when her longtime nemesis, Tammy, is forced to work with her. Meanwhile, the other Belchers have dinner at a restaurant known for its burgers.

134
5
"Thanks-Hoarding"
Tyree Dillihay
Jon Schroeder
November 19, 2017 (2017-11-19)
7ASA15
2.37[10]

The Belchers agree to help out Teddy after his family announces that they will be coming over for Thanksgiving. During the preparation, the Belchers discover that Teddy is secretly a hoarder.

135

136
6

7
"The Bleakening: Parts 1 & 2"
Brian Loschiavo

Chris Song
Steven Davis

Kelvin Yu
December 10, 2017 (2017-12-10)
7ASA16

7ASA17
3.17[11]

In this hour-long musical Christmas episode, Linda decides to throw a festive party at the restaurant, but someone steals Linda's Christmas tree and her ornaments. The kids suspect it might be a character from a folk tale told to them by Teddy.

137
8
"V for Valentine-detta"
Ian Hamilton
Lizzie Molyneux & Wendy Molyneux
January 14, 2018 (2018-01-14)
7ASA22
4.76[12]

On Valentine's Day, Tina gets her heart broken, so Linda and Louise attempt to cheer her up by taking her on a girls' limo night out. Meanwhile, Bob and Gene become closer than ever when they attempt to perform a trapeze act.

138
9
"Y Tu Ga-Ga Tambien"
Brian Loschiavo
Scott Jacobson
March 11, 2018 (2018-03-11)
7ASA12
1.84[13]

Gene disapproves of a new playground game, which throws the school into chaos. Meanwhile, Linda develops a storyteller persona when she fills in at the local library.

139
10
"The Secret Ceramics Room of Secrets"
Tyree Dillihay
Dan Fybel
March 18, 2018 (2018-03-18)
7ASA19
1.72[14]

The kids set out to find a secret ceramics room in their school, after Linda tells them to make their own gifts for her mother's birthday. Meanwhile, Teddy moves his phone repair service into the restaurant, much to Bob's annoyance.

140
11
"Sleeping with the Frenemy"
Brian Loschiavo
Greg Thompson
March 25, 2018 (2018-03-25)
7ASA20
1.74[15]

Tina sets Tammy up with Brett, a boy from out of town, after she allows Tammy to stay with the Belchers during Spring Break. Meanwhile, Gene loses his last baby tooth, so he and Bob enlist Dr. Yap's help in finding a replacement to complete Linda's teeth collection.

141
12
"The Hurt Soccer"
Damon Wong
Rachel Hastings
April 1, 2018 (2018-04-01)
7ASA23
1.54[16]

After forgetting that they signed up Louise for a soccer league, the Belchers must help her prepare to play in the season's last game. Meanwhile, Linda and Gene seize an opportunity to turn the restaurant into a piano bar.

142
13
"Cheer Up, Sleepy Gene"
Tyree Dillihay
Story by : H. Jon Benjamin & Holly Schlesinger
Teleplay by : Holly Schlesinger
April 8, 2018 (2018-04-08)
7ASA10
1.74[17]

Gene gets invited to his first sleepover, and things do not go as planned. Meanwhile, Bob and Linda record themselves while sleeping to prove who snores more.

143
14
"The Trouble with Doubles"
Ian Hamilton
Holly Schlesinger
April 15, 2018 (2018-04-15)
7ASA18
1.83[18]

144
15
"Go Tina on the Mountain"[19]
TBA
TBA
April 22, 2018 (2018-04-22)
8ASA01
TBD

145
16
"Are You There Bob? It's Me, Birthday"[20]
TBA
TBA
April 29, 2018 (2018-04-29)
8ASA04
TBD

146
17
"Boywatch"[21]
TBA
TBA
May 6, 2018 (2018-05-06)
7ASA11
TBD

147
18
"As I Walk Through the Alley of the Shadow of Ramps"[22]
TBA
TBA
May 13, 2018 (2018-05-13)
8ASA02
TBD

148
19
"Mo Mommy, Mo Problems"[23]
TBA
TBA
May 13, 2018 (2018-05-13)
8ASA03
TBD

text: Future episodes[edit]

text:
Production
code
Title

7ASA13[24]
"The Taking of Funtime One Two Three"

8ASA05
"Something Old, Something New, Something Bob Caters for You"[25]

8ASA06
"Just One of the Boyz 4 Now for Now"[26]

8ASA07
"Nightmare on Ocean Avenue Street"[27]

8ASA08
"I Bob Your Pardon"[28]

8ASA09
"Tweentrepreneurs"[29]

8ASA10
"Better Off Sled"[30]

8ASA11
"Live and Let Fly"[31]

8ASA12
"Bobby Driver"[32]

8ASA13
"Roller? I Hardly Know Her!"[33]


document_title: Protocol data unit

question_text: what is the name for the protocol data unit (pdu) of the data link layer

question_tokens: what is the name for the protocol data unit ( pdu ) of the data link layer

text: Protocol data unit

text: OSI model[edit]

text: Protocol data units are relevant in relation to each of the first four layers of the OSI model as follows:[1]

text:
The layer 1 (Physical layer) PDU is the bit or, more generally, symbol (can also be seen as "stream").
The layer 2 (Data link layer) PDU is the frame.
The layer 3 (Network layer) PDU is the packet.
The layer 4 (Transport layer) PDU is the segment for TCP or the datagram for UDP.

text: Given a context pertaining to a specific OSI layer, PDU is sometimes used as a synonym for its representation at that layer.

text: Media access control[edit]

text: A media access control protocol data unit (MPDU) is a message that is exchanged between media access control (MAC) entities in a communication system based on the layered Open Systems Interconnection model (OSI).

text: In systems where the MPDU may be larger than the MAC service data unit (MSDU), the MPDU may include multiple MSDUs as a result of packet aggregation. In systems where the MPDU is smaller than the MSDU, then one MSDU may generate multiple MPDUs as a result of packet segmentation.

text: Packet-switched data networks[edit]

text: This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (April 2012) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

text: In the context of packet switching data networks, a protocol data unit (PDU) is best understood in relation to a service data unit (SDU).

text: The features or services of the network are implemented in distinct "layers". For example, sending ones and zeros across a wire, fiber, etc. is done by the physical layer, organizing the ones and zeros into chunks of data and getting them safely to the right place on the wire is done by the data link layer, passing data chunks over multiple connected networks is done by the network layer and delivery of the data to the right software application at the destination is done by the transport layer.

text: Between the layers (and between the application and the top-most layer), the layers pass service data units across the interfaces. The application or higher layer understands the structure of the data in the SDU, but the lower layer at the interface does not; it treats it as payload, undertaking to get it to the same interface at the destination. In order to do this, the protocol layer will add to the SDU certain data it needs to perform its function. For example, it might add a port number to identify the application, a network address to help with routing, a code to identify the type of data in the packet and error-checking information. All this additional information, plus the original service data unit from the higher layer, constitutes the protocol data unit at this layer. The significance of this is that the PDU is the structured information that is passed to a matching protocol layer further along on the data's journey that allows the layer to deliver its intended function or service. The matching layer, or "peer", decodes the data to extract the original service data unit, decide if it is error-free and where to send it next, etc. Unless we have already arrived at the lowest (physical) layer, the PDU is passed to the peer using services of the next lower layer in the protocol "stack". When the PDU passes over the interface from the layer that constructed it to the layer that merely delivers it (and therefore does not understand its internal structure), it becomes a service data unit to that layer. The addition of addressing and control information (which is called encapsulation) to an SDU to form a PDU and the passing of that PDU to the next lower layer as an SDU repeats until the lowest layer is reached and the data passes over some medium as a physical signal.

text: The above process can be likened to the mail system in which a letter (SDU) is placed in an envelope on which is written an address (addressing and control information) making it a PDU. The sending post office might look only at the post code and place the letter in a mail bag so that the address on the envelope can no longer be seen, making it now an SDU. The mail bag is labelled with the destination post code and so becomes a PDU, until it is combined with other bags in a crate, when it is now an SDU, and the crate is labelled with the region to which all the bags are to be sent, making the crate a PDU. When the crate reaches the destination matching its label, it is opened and the bags (SDUs) removed only to become PDUs when someone reads the code of the destination post office. The letters themselves are SDUs when the bags are opened but become PDUs when the address is read for final delivery. When the addressee finally opens the envelope, the top-level SDU, the letter itself, emerges.

text: Transport protocol data unit[edit]

text: This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (July 2017)

text: Transport protocol data unit (TPDU) is a message encapsulation format with several bytes of routing header added to the front of the payload message.

text: The processing overhead of the TPDU has two components: the overhead TPDU and the overhead per byte.


question_text: anacondas the hunt for the blood orchid movie cast

text: Plot[edit]

text: A team of researchers funded by a New York pharmaceutical firm Wexel Hall, including Dr. Jack Byron, Gordon Mitchell, Sam Rogers, Gail Stern, Cole Burris, and Dr. Ben Douglas leave for a jungle in Borneo to search for a flower called Perrinnia Immortalis (Spanish for Blood Orchid), which they believe can be used as a type of fountain of youth. Though their guide Captain Bill Johnson and his partner Tran Wu has misgivings about which path to take, Jack convinces him to take an unsafe path. The team goes over a waterfall and has to wade through the river. A giant anaconda emerges from the water and swallows Ben whole, but the rest of the team escape from the river. Bill assures them that it was the largest snake he has ever seen and that it should take weeks for it to grow hungry again. However, most of the team demand that the expedition be called off. They travel to Bill's friend, John Livingston, who lives on the river, to see if Bill can borrow his boat, but they find Livingston dead and his boat crashed.

text: They find themselves in a small native village consisting of thatched huts and a disemboweled anaconda with a pair of human legs hanging out of the snake's abdomen. The team realizes that the snakes are unusually large in size because their lives have been extended through the orchids, which are a part of the local food chain. Jack says that since they must be close to the orchids, they should press on. However, the others contend that there is no evidence that the orchids will have the same effect on humans. Wanting to leave, they start building an escape raft.

text: Gordon discovers Livington's radio and gun and realizes they could have called for help long ago. Jack is unable to convince him to allow the expedition to continue, so he paralyzes him using a poisonous spider. As Jack joins the others at the raft, Sam discovers Gordon and the spider bite. An anaconda drops down from the rafters and swallows Gordon alive soon after she leaves the building. The others arrive just as it finishes, so Bill sets the building on fire in hopes of killing the anaconda, but notices that it already made its escape. Jack uses the commotion to steal the raft.

text: With no more material to make another raft, they hack through the jungle to beat Jack to the orchids and retrieve their raft. On the way they fall into a cave trying to escape from an anaconda. Cole gets lost and panics after finding a skeleton. He runs into Bill's partner, Tran, and as they return to the others, Tran gets pulled under and Cole tries to find him, but all he sees is Tran's lost flashlight floating. Tran is eaten by an anaconda under water. Bill tries to find Cole and Tran, but also notices Tran's lost flashlight floating and with his blood surrounding it. The terrified Cole escapes from the caves behind the group, seconds ahead of the snake, which follows him through the hole and gets stuck. Sam uses a machete to behead it, but another snake captures Cole. The team follows and find him being constricted, but still alive. Bill throws his knife and impales the snake through the head, killing it and freeing Cole.

text: The group finds the raft just as Jack finds the blood orchids, hanging precariously above a pit in which a ball of male anacondas are mating with the queen. Jack shoots Bill in the arm and forces the party to accompany him to the orchids. He has Sam cross the pit via a thin log to fill a backpack with orchids. As she returns, the log cracks. Jack orders her to throw him the backpack, but Sam threatens to drop the flowers into the pit unless he drops the gun. The log breaks, and she falls, hanging by her leg halfway down the pit. As the others try to help her, Jack attempts to retrieve the backpack. The spider he used to paralyze Gordon escapes from its jar and bites him. Jack falls into the pit and is devoured. The vine holding Sam also gives away and she too falls into the pit, but is alive. She climbs out just in time as one of the anacondas tries to get her feet.

text: The female anaconda notices them, but Gail tricks it into biting their fuel container. Bill tries to shoot the snake, but the gun is empty. Cole shoots it with a flare, causing a chain reaction that sets the anaconda on fire and kills the other snakes and destroys the blood orchids. Bill, Sam, Cole, and Gail make it back to the raft and leave the place behind.

text: Cast[edit]

text:
Johnny Messner as Bill Johnson
KaDee Strickland as Sam Rogers
Salli Richardson-Whitfield as Gail Stern
Matthew Marsden as Dr. Jack Byron
Eugene Byrd as Cole Burris
Morris Chestnut as Gordon Mitchell
Karl Yune as Tran Wu
Nicholas Gonzalez as Dr. Ben Douglas
Andy Anderson as John Livingston

text: Reception[edit]

text: Anacondas: The Hunt for the Blood Orchid debuted at second place in the box office, earned $32,238,923 in the United States and the international gross of $38,753,975, bringing a worldwide total of $70,992,898.[1]

text: On the review aggregate site Rotten Tomatoes reported that the film received 25% positive reviews based on 118 reviews.[2] Metacritic reported the film had an average score of 40 out of 100 based on 28 reviews.[3] Roger Ebert awarded the film two out of four stars, a rating less than that he gave the original film. Ebert, however, praised the acting of Matthew Marsden as being "suitably treacherous".[4] Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "B" on an A+ to F scale.

text: The film was nominated for a Razzie Award for Worst Remake or Sequel, but lost to Scooby-Doo 2: Monsters Unleashed.[5]

text: Soundtrack[edit]

text:
Anacondas:
The Hunt for the Blood Orchid

Film score by Nerida-Tyson Crew

Released
August 30, 2004

Genre
Soundtracks
Film scores

Length
60:57

Label
Varèse Sarabande

Anaconda soundtrack chronology

Anaconda
(1997)
Anacondas:
The Hunt for the Blood Orchid
(2004)

text: The soundtrack for the film was composed by Nerida-Tyson Crew and released by Varèse Sarabande.

text:
Opening Titles / Jungle Floor (2:12)
Elixir Perrinia Immortalis (1:40)
Kong Attacks Gail (2:04)
Stealing the Fruit / Kong Terrified (3:06)
Almost a Kiss (1:20)
Predator in the Water (3:53)
Enter the Jungle (0:56)
Foreboding Path (2:22)
Crossing the Bog (3:29)
Spider of Anaesthesia (2:58)
Livingston's Death (1:05)
All Hope is Lost (1:58)
Lopaks (1:36)
It's Mating Season (3:15)
Totem (1:34)
Jack's Devious Deal Uncovered (1:23)
Betrayal of Trust (2:28)
The Cavern (6:31)
Climbing to the Light (6:02)
Discovering the Orchids / Face Off (11:14)

tag: ol


document_title: 2017 FIFA Confederations Cup statistics

question_text: who is the highest goal scorer in the confederation cup 2017

text: 2017 FIFA Confederations Cup statistics

text: Goalscorers[edit]

text: 43 goals were scored in 16 matches, for an average of 2.69 goals per match.

text:
Leon Goretzka
 Lars Stindl
 Timo Werner

text: Cristiano Ronaldo

text:
Tomi Juric
 Mark Milligan
 Tom Rogic
 James Troisi
 Vincent Aboubakar
 André-Frank Zambo Anguissa
 Martín Rodríguez
 Alexis Sánchez
 Eduardo Vargas
 Arturo Vidal
 Kerem Demirbay
 Julian Draxler
 Amin Younes
 Néstor Araujo
 Marco Fabián
 Javier Hernández
 Raúl Jiménez
 Hirving Lozano
 Héctor Moreno
 Oribe Peralta
 Chris Wood
 Adrien Silva
 Cédric
 Nani
 Pepe
 Ricardo Quaresma
 André Silva
 Bernardo Silva
 Aleksandr Samedov
 Fyodor Smolov

text:
Michael Boxall (against Russia)
 Luís Neto (against Mexico)

text: Source: FIFA[1]

text: Assists[edit]

text: Héctor Herrera

text:
Jonas Hector
 Benjamin Henrichs
 Joshua Kimmich
 Timo Werner

text:
Robbie Kruse
 Michael Ngadeu-Ngadjui
 Moumi Ngamaleu
 Alexis Sánchez
 Eduardo Vargas
 Arturo Vidal
 Julian Brandt
 Emre Can
 Julian Draxler
 Javier Aquino
 Jonathan dos Santos
 Marco Fabián
 Carlos Vela
 Clayton Lewis
 Eliseu
 Raphaël Guerreiro
 Ricardo Quaresma
 Cristiano Ronaldo
 André Silva
 Aleksandr Samedov
 Aleksandr Yerokhin

text: Source: FIFA[2]

text: Scoring[edit]

text:
Total number of goals scored: 43
Average goals per match: 2.69
Total number of hat-tricks: 0
Most goals scored by a team: 12  – Germany
Most goals scored by an individual: 3  – Leon Goretzka, Lars Stindl, Timo Werner
Most assists given by an individual: 3  – Héctor Herrera
Most goals and assists produced by an individual: 3 goals and 2 assists  – Timo Werner
Fewest goals scored by a team: 1  – New Zealand
Most goals conceded by a team: 10  – Mexico
Fewest goals conceded by a team: 3  – Chile, Portugal
Best goal difference: +7  – Germany
Worst goal difference: −7  – New Zealand
Most goals scored in a match by both teams: 5  – Germany (3) and Australia (2), Germany (4) and Mexico (1)
Most goals scored in a match by one team: 4  – Portugal against New Zealand, Germany against Mexico
Most goals scored in a match by the losing team: 2  – Australia against Germany (3)
Biggest margin of victory: 4 goals  – Portugal against New Zealand
Most clean sheets achieved by a team: 3  – Portugal
Fewest clean sheets achieved by a team: 0  – Australia, Cameroon, Mexico, New Zealand
Most clean sheets given by an opposing team: 2  – New Zealand
Fewest clean sheets given by an opposing team: 0  – Australia, Germany, Mexico
Most consecutive clean sheets achieved by a team: 3  – Portugal
Most consecutive clean sheets given by an opposing team: 2  – Chile
First goal of the tournament: Michael Boxall (own goal) for Russia against New Zealand
Fastest goal in a match from kickoff: 5th minute  – Lars Stindl for Germany against Australia
Latest goal in a match without extra time: 90+1st minute  – Héctor Moreno for Mexico against Portugal, Eduardo Vargas for Chile against Cameroon, Nani for Portugal against New Zealand, Amin Younes for Germany against Mexico, Pepe for Portugal against Mexico
Latest winning goal in a match without extra time: 81st minute  – Arturo Vidal for Chile against Cameroon
Most goals scored by one player in a match: 2  – Timo Werner for Germany against Cameroon, Leon Goretzka for Germany against Mexico
Oldest goal scorer: 34 years, 4 months and 6 days old  – Pepe for Portugal against Mexico
Youngest goal scorer: 21 years, 3 months and 19 days old  – Timo Werner for Germany against Cameroon

text: Man of the Match[edit]

text:
Rank
Name
Team
Awards
Against

1
 Cristiano Ronaldo
Portugal
3
Mexico (GS),[3] Russia (GS),[4] New Zealand (GS)[5]

2
 James Troisi
Australia
1
Chile (GS)[6]

 André-Frank Zambo Anguissa
Cameroon
Australia (GS)[7]

 Claudio Bravo
Chile
Portugal (SF)[8]

 Alexis Sánchez
Chile
Germany (GS)[9]

 Arturo Vidal
Chile
Cameroon (GS)[10]

 Julian Draxler
Germany
Australia (GS)[11]

 Leon Goretzka
Germany
Mexico (SF)[12]

 Marc-André ter Stegen
Germany
Chile (F)[13]

 Timo Werner
Germany
Cameroon (GS)[14]

 Javier Aquino
Mexico
New Zealand (GS)[15]

 Hirving Lozano
Mexico
Russia (GS)[16]

 Guillermo Ochoa
Mexico
Portugal (TP)[17]

 Fyodor Smolov
Russia
New Zealand (GS)[18]

text: Overall statistics[edit]

text:
Team
Pld
W
D
L
Pts
APts
GF
AGF
GA
AGA
GD
AGD
CS
ACS
YC
AYC
RC
ARC

 Russia
3
1
0
2
3
1.00
3
1.00
3
1.00
0
0.00
1
0.33
6
2.00
1
0.33

 New Zealand
3
0
0
3
0
0.00
1
0.33
8
2.67
-7
-2.33
0
0.00
4
1.33
0
0.00

 Portugal
5
3
2
0
11
2.20
9
1.80
3
0.60
+6
1.20
3
0.60
13
2.60
1
0.20

 Mexico
5
2
1
2
7
1.40
8
1.60
10
2.00
-2
-0.40
0
0.00
10
2.00
1
0.20

 Cameroon
3
0
1
2
1
0.33
2
0.67
6
2.00
-4
-1.33
0
0.00
2
0.67
1
0.33

 Chile
5
1
3
1
6
1.20
4
0.80
3
0.60
+1
0.20
2
0.40
10
2.00
0
0.00

 Australia
3
0
2
1
2
0.67
4
1.33
5
1.67
-1
-0.33
0
0.00
6
2.00
0
0.00

 Germany
5
4
1
0
13
2.60
12
2.40
5
1.00
+7
1.40
1
0.20
8
1.60
0
0.00

Total
16(1)
11
5(2)
11
43
1.34
43
1.34
43
1.34
0
0.00
7
0.22
60
1.88
4
0.13

text:
Team(s) rendered in italics represent(s) the host nation(s). The competition's winning team is rendered in bold.
(1) – Total games lost not counted in total games played (total games lost = total games won)
(2) – Total number of games drawn (tied) for all teams = Total number of games drawn (tied) ÷ 2 (both teams involved)

text: Stadiums[edit]

text:
Stadium[19]
City
Capacity
Matches played
Overall
attendance
Average
attendance
per match
Average
attendance
as % of Capacity
Overall
goals scored
Average
goals scored
per match

Krestovsky Stadium
Saint Petersburg
68,134
4
198830
49,718
69.3
9
2.25

Otkrytiye Arena
Moscow
45,360
4
152549
38,137
80.8
8
2

Kazan Arena
Kazan
45,379
4
155034
38,759
85.4
9
2.25

Fisht Olympic Stadium
Sochi
47,659
4
121891
30,473
64.0
17
4.25

Total
206532
16
628304
37,741
74.1
43
2.69


document_title: List of the 75 largest cities in France (2012 census)

question_text: what are the 5 largest cities in france

question_tokens: what are the 5 largest cities in france

text: All figures reflect INSEE's sans doubles comptes counting method. This list includes French overseas departments.

text:
Commune
Department
Region
Pop. 2012 census
Rank

Paris
Paris
Île-de-France
2,240,621
1

Marseille
Bouches-du-Rhône
Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
852,516
2

Lyon
Rhône
Rhône-Alpes
496,343
3

Toulouse
Haute-Garonne
Midi-Pyrénées
453,317
4

Nice
Alpes-Maritimes
Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
343,619
5

Nantes
Loire-Atlantique
Pays de la Loire
291,287
6

Strasbourg
Bas-Rhin
Alsace
274,394
7

Montpellier
Hérault
Languedoc-Roussillon
268,456
8

Bordeaux
Gironde
Aquitaine
241,287
9

Lille
Nord
Nord-Pas-de-Calais
228,652
10

Rennes
Ille-et-Vilaine
Brittany
209,652
11

Reims
Marne
Champagne-Ardenne
181,893
12

Le Havre
Seine-Maritime
Upper Normandy
173,142
13

Saint-Étienne
Loire
Rhône-Alpes
171,483
14

Toulon
Var
Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
164,899
15

Grenoble
Isère
Rhône-Alpes
158,346
16

Dijon
Côte-d'Or
Burgundy
152,071
17

Angers
Maine-et-Loire
Pays de la Loire
149,017
18

Nîmes
Gard
Languedoc-Roussillon
146,709
19

Villeurbanne
Rhône
Rhône-Alpes
146,282
20

Saint-Denis, La Réunion
La Réunion
La Réunion
145,238
21

Le Mans
Sarthe
Pays de la Loire
143,599
22

Clermont-Ferrand
Puy-de-Dôme
Auvergne
141,569
23

Aix-en-Provence
Bouches-du-Rhône
Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
141,569
24

Brest
Finistère
Brittany
139,676
25

Limoges
Haute-Vienne
Limousin
136,221
26

Tours
Indre-et-Loire
Centre-Val de Loire
134,978
27

Amiens
Somme
Picardy
132,727
28

Perpignan
Pyrénées-Orientales
Languedoc-Roussillon
120,489
29

Metz
Moselle
Lorraine
119,551
30

Boulogne-Billancourt
Hauts-de-Seine
Île-de-France
117,126
31

Besançon
Doubs
Franche-Comté
116,353
32

Orléans
Loiret
Centre
114,286
33

Rouen
Seine-Maritime
Upper Normandy
111,557
34

Mulhouse
Haut-Rhin
Alsace
110,755
35

Caen
Calvados
Lower Normandy
108,365
36

Saint-Denis
Seine-Saint-Denis
Île-de-France
108,274
37

Nancy
Meurthe-et-Moselle
Lorraine
105,067
38

Argenteuil
Val-d'Oise
Île-de-France
104,962
39

Saint-Paul
Réunion
Réunion
104,646
40

Montreuil
Seine-Saint-Denis
Île-de-France
103,520
41

Roubaix
Nord
Nord-Pas-de-Calais
94,536
42

Tourcoing
Nord
Nord-Pas-de-Calais
92,707
43

Fort-de-France
Martinique
Martinique
94,049
39

Dunkirk
Nord
Nord-Pas-de-Calais
90,995
44

Nanterre
Hauts-de-Seine
Île-de-France
90,722
45

Créteil
Val-de-Marne
Île-de-France
89,845
46

Avignon
Vaucluse
Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
89,380
47

Vitry-sur-Seine
Val-de-Marne
Île-de-France
88,102
48

Poitiers
Vienne
Poitou-Charentes
87,646
49

Courbevoie
Hauts-de-Seine
Île-de-France
86,854
50

Fort-de-France
Martinique
Martinique
85,667
51

Versailles
Yvelines
Île-de-France
85,424
52

Colombes
Hauts-de-Seine
Île-de-France
85,357
53

Asnières-sur-Seine
Hauts-de-Seine
Île-de-France
83,845
54

Aulnay-sous-Bois
Seine-Saint-Denis
Île-de-France
81,899
55

Saint-Pierre
Réunion
Réunion
80,823
56

Rueil-Malmaison
Hauts-de-Seine
Île-de-France
79,563
57

Pau
Pyrénées-Atlantiques
Aquitaine
78,506
58

Aubervilliers
Seine-Saint-Denis
Île-de-France
77,032
59

Champigny-sur-Marne
Val-de-Marne
Île-de-France
75,869
60

Le Tampon
La Réunion
La Réunion
75,631
61

Antibes
Alpes-Maritimes
Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
75,568
62

Saint-Maur-des-Fossés
Val-de-Marne
Île-de-France
74,176
63

La Rochelle
Charente-Maritime
Poitou-Charentes
74,123
64

Cannes
Alpes-Maritimes
Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
63,603
65

Béziers
Hérault
Languedoc-Roussillon
72,970
66

Calais
Pas-de-Calais
Nord-Pas-de-Calais
72,589
67

Saint-Nazaire
Loire-Atlantique
Pays de la Loire
67,940
68

Colmar
Haut-Rhin
Alsace
67,257
69

Drancy
Seine-Saint-Denis
Île-de-France
67,181
70

Bourges
Cher
Centre
66,666
71

Mérignac
Gironde
Aquitaine
66,660
72

Ajaccio
Corse-du-Sud
Corsica
66,245
73

Issy-les-Moulineaux
Hauts-de-Seine
Île-de-France
65,322
74

Levallois-Perret
Hauts-de-Seine
Île-de-France
64,654
75


document_title: Canary hotspot

question_text: what is the approximate location of the canary island hotspot

text: Canary hotspot

text: The Canary hotspot, also called the Canarian hotspot, is a volcanic hotspot believed to be located at the Canary Islands off the north-western coast of Africa, although alternative theories have also been suggested to explain the volcanism there.[1] The Canary hotspot is believed to be underlain by a mantle plume that is relatively deep. It is believed to have first appeared about 60 million years ago.[2]

text: Recent activity[edit]

text: From July to September 2011, the Canarian island of El Hierro experienced thousands of small tremors, believed to be the result of magma movements beneath the island. This resulted in fears of an imminent volcanic eruption, which began October 10, 2011, approximately 1 km south of the island in a fissure on the floor of the ocean and is continuing with the possibility that a new island will form or an existing island become larger.[3]

text: See also 2011–12 El Hierro eruption.