question_text: who is the administrator of the small business administration

root

text:
Administrator of the Small Business Administration of the
United States

Incumbent
Linda McMahon
since February 14, 2017

Inaugural holder
William D. Mitchell

Formation
July 30, 1953

Website
SBA Administrator

tag: table

text: The Administrator of the Small Business Administration is the head of the Small Business Administration of the United States Government. President Barack Obama announced in January 2012 that he would elevate the SBA into the Cabinet, a position it last held during the Clinton administration.[1][2][3]

tag: p

text: List of administrators[edit]

text:
Officeholder
Term
President

William D. Mitchell
August 1, 1953 – October 30, 1953
Dwight D. Eisenhower

Wendell B. Barnes
February 9, 1954 – November 21, 1959

Philip McCallum
November 23, 1959 – January 20, 1961

John E. Horne
February 2, 1961 – August 7, 1963
John F. Kennedy

Eugene P. Foley
August 8, 1963 – September 10, 1965

Lyndon B. Johnson

Bernard L. Boutin
May 19, 1966 – July 31, 1967

Robert C. Moot
August 1, 1967 – July 31, 1968

Howard J. Samuels
August 1, 1968 – February 22, 1969

Hilary J. Sandoval Jr.
March 5, 1969 – January 1, 1971
Richard Nixon

Thomas S. Kleppe
January 18, 1971 – October 12, 1975

Gerald Ford

Mitchell P. Kobelinski
February 12, 1976 – March 4, 1977

A. Vernon Weaver
April 1, 1977 – January 20, 1981
Jimmy Carter

Michael Cardenas
March 30, 1981 – February 3, 1982
Ronald Reagan

James C. Sanders
March 29, 1982 – March 31, 1986

Charles Heatherly
Acting
March 31, 1986 – March 23, 1987

James Abdnor
March 23, 1987 – April 20, 1989

Susan Engeleiter
April 20, 1989 – March 27, 1991
George H. W. Bush

Pat Saiki
March 27, 1991 – January 20, 1993

Dayton J. Watkins
Acting
January 20, 1993 – May 12, 1993
Bill Clinton

Erskine Bowles
May 12, 1993 – October 6, 1994

Cassandra M. Pulley
Acting
October 6, 1994 – October 8, 1994

Philip Lader
October 8, 1994 – February 11, 1997

Ginger Lew
Acting
February 11, 1997 – March 7, 1997

Aída Álvarez
March 7, 1997 – January 20, 2001

John D. Whitmore
Acting
January 20, 2001 – July 25, 2001
George W. Bush

Hector Barreto
July 25, 2001 – July 2, 2006

Steve Preston
July 10, 2006 – June 5, 2008

Sandy Baruah
Acting
June 5, 2008 – January 20, 2009

Darryl Hairston
Acting
January 20, 2009 – April 6, 2009
Barack Obama

Karen Mills
April 6, 2009 – September 1, 2013

Jeanne Hulit
Acting
September 1, 2013 – February 7, 2014

Marianne Markowitz
Acting
February 7, 2014 – April 7, 2014

Maria Contreras-Sweet
April 7, 2014 – January 20, 2017

Joseph Loddo
Acting
January 20, 2017 – February 14, 2017
Donald Trump

Linda McMahon
February 14, 2017 – present


question_text: how many chiefs signed the declaration of independence

text: Background and signing[edit]

text: In 1834, James Busby, the official British Resident in New Zealand, drafted a document known as the Declaration of the Independence of New Zealand, which he and 34[2] northern Māori chiefs—including Tāmati Wāka Nene, Tītore and Bay of Islands brothers; Te Wharerahi, Rewa, and Moka Te Kainga-mataa—signed at Waitangi on 28 October 1835. By 1839, 52 chiefs had signed.[2]

text: In the process of signing, the chiefs established themselves as representing a confederation under the title of the "United Tribes of New Zealand". Missionaries Henry Williams and George Clarke translated the Declaration and signed as witnesses;[3] merchants James Clendon and Gilbert Mair also signed as witnesses.[4]

text: The Declaration arose in response to concerns over the lawlessness of British subjects in New Zealand, and in response to a fear that France would declare sovereignty over the islands. At this time a Frenchman, Charles de Thierry[5]—who titled himself 'Charles, Baron de Tierry, Sovereign Chief of New Zealand and King of Nuku Hiva' (in the Marquesas Islands)—was seeking to establish a colony on a 16,000-hectare (40,000-acre) plot of land he claimed to have purchased in the Hokianga.[3] The document also arose from movements in Māori society. From 1816 onwards, a number of Northern Māori chiefs had made visits to the colonies in New South Wales and Norfolk Island, as well as to England, leading to discussions about unifying the tribes and the formation of a Māori government. Māori had become involved in international trade and owned trading ships. In 1834, the chiefs had selected a flag for use on ships originating from New Zealand.

text: The need for a flag of New Zealand first became clear when the merchant ship the Sir George Murray, built in the Hokianga, was seized by customs officials in the port of Sydney. The ship had been sailing without a flag—a violation of British navigation laws. New Zealand was not a colony at the time and had no flag. The ship's detainment reportedly aroused indignation among the Māori population. Unless a flag was selected, ships would continue to be seized.[6][7] The flag, amended slightly when officially gazetted, became the first distinctively New Zealand flag. As late as 1900 it was still being used to depict New Zealand, and it appeared on the South African War Medal which was issued to New Zealand soldiers of the Boer War and was inscribed with the phrase "Success to New Zealand Contingent 1899–1900".[8] The unamended version of the flag, with eight-pointed stars and black fimbriation, is still widely used by Māori groups.

text: The Declaration[edit]

text: The hereditary chiefs and heads of the tribes of the northern parts of New Zealand declared the constitution of an independent state. They agreed to meet in Waitangi each year to frame laws, and invited the southern tribes of New Zealand to "lay aside their private animosities" and join them.

text: Explanation of the Māori text[edit]

text: The Māori text of the Declaration was made by the tino rangatira (hereditary chiefs) of the northern part of New Zealand and uses the term Rangatiratanga to mean independence, declaring the country a whenua Rangatira (independent state) to be known as The United Tribes of New Zealand (Te Wakaminenga o nga Hapu o Nu Tireni).[note 1]

text: The translation of the second paragraph is "that all sovereign power and authority in the land" ("Ko te Kingitanga ko te mana i te w[h]enua")[4] should "reside entirely and exclusively in the hereditary chiefs and heads of tribes in their collective capacity", expressed as the United Tribes of New Zealand.[4]

text: The terms Kingitanga and mana were used in claiming sovereignty of the state to the assembly of the hereditary chiefs, and it was also declared that no government (kawanatanga) would exist except by persons appointed by the assembly of hereditary chiefs.

text: The impacts of the Declaration[edit]

text: The signatories sent a copy of the document to King William IV (who reigned from 1830 to 1837), asking him to act as the protector of the new state. The King had previously acknowledged the flag of the United Tribes of New Zealand, and now recognised the Declaration in a letter from Lord Glenelg (British Secretary of State for War and the Colonies) dated 25 May 1836.[10] It read, in part:

text:
“
I have received a letter from Mr. Busby, enclosing a copy of a Declaration made by the chiefs of the Northern parts of New Zealand, setting forth the Independence of their country, and declaring the Union of their respective tribes into one State, under the designation of The United Tribes of New Zealand.
I perceive that the chiefs at the same time came to the resolution to send a copy of their Declaration to His Majesty, to thank him for his acknowledgment of their Flag, and to entreat that, in return for the friendship and protection which they have shown, and are prepared to show, to such British subjects as have settled in their country or resorted to its shores for the purposes of trade, His Majesty will continue to be the parent of their infant State, and its Protector from all attempts on its independence.
With reference to the desire which the chiefs have expressed on this occasion to maintain a good understanding with His Majesty's subjects, it will be proper that they should be assured, in His Majesty's name, that He will not fail to avail himself of every opportunity of showing his goodwill, and of affording to those chiefs such support and protection as may be consistent with a due regard to the just rights of others, and to the interests of His Majesty's subjects.

”

— Lord Glenelg, in a letter to Major-General Sir Richard Bourke, Governor of New South Wales, 25 May 1836.[10]

text: The Declaration was not well received by the Colonial Office, and it was decided that a new policy for New Zealand was needed as a corrective.[11]

text: It is notable that the Treaty of Waitangi was made between the British Crown and "the chiefs of the United Tribes of New Zealand" in recognition of their independent sovereignty (which continued after 1840 to the extent that the flag of the United Tribes of New Zealand was flown at the Pukawa hui when the Māori King was appointed in 1857).

text: Legal effect[edit]

text: This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (October 2017) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

text: There is some debate as to whether the Declaration had any legal effect in New Zealand. Most legal commentators argue that the claim to independence lasted only until the signing of the Treaty of Waitangi in 1840.[12] In 2010 the Ngāpuhi iwi (tribe) in Northland requested that the Waitangi Tribunal rule on whether the tribe had in fact relinquished sovereignty in 1840 when they signed the Treaty.[13] Historian Paul Moon has stated that the tribe is unlikely to be able to take the claim much further because "the tribe has misunderstood how treaties work."[14]

text: Article 2 of the Treaty of Waitangi guarantees to the chiefs their continued chieftainship, and ownership of their lands and treasures (taonga). It also specifies that Māori could sell land only to the Crown. Most New Zealanders consider the Treaty of Waitangi to be the nation's founding document, with formal sovereignty vested in the British Crown (the Crown in Right of New Zealand from 1947), but the existence of different versions of the Treaty, in both Māori and English, and its brevity, leave this subject to arguments over the preferred interpretation.

text: But de facto, the federation of independent tribes became subsumed into a new political body after 1840, regardless of the legality or legitimacy of this process. Thus, the Treaty of Waitangi voided the Declaration for all practical purposes; it is the Treaty, rather than the Declaration, that provides the legal foundation of claims for the redress of historical wrongs. For this reason, constitutional lawyers regard the Declaration as a historical document that no longer has legal force.

text: Ngāpuhi Waitangi Tribunal claim (Te Paparahi o te Raki inquiry)[edit]

text: In 2010 the Waitangi Tribunal began hearing Ngāpuhi's claim that sovereignty was not ceded in their signing of the Treaty of Waitangi.[15] The Tribunal, in their Te Paparahi o te Raki inquiry (Wai 1040)[16][17] is in the process of considering the Māori and Crown understandings of the Declaration and the Treaty. This aspect of the inquiry raises issues as to the nature of sovereignty and whether the Māori signatories to the Treaty of Waitangi intended to transfer sovereignty.[18]

text: Many of the arguments used are outlined in Paul Moon's book Te Ara Ki Te Tiriti: The Path to the Treaty of Waitangi (2003), which argued that not only did the Māori signatories have no intention of transferring sovereignty, but that at the time the British government and James Busby did not wish to acquire it and that the developments and justifications leading to the present state were later developments.[19] It is estimated that the hearings will last between 4 and 6 years, and may stand as a precedent for all iwi if the Tribunal recognises Ngāpuhi sovereignty. A common Ngāpuhi interpretation of the Declaration of the United Tribes is that the British government was simply recognising Māori independence and putting the world on notice, merely re-asserting sovereignty that had existed "from time immemorial".[20]

text: The first stage of the report was released in November 2014,[21][22] and found that Māori chiefs never agreed to give up their sovereignty when they signed the Treaty of Waitangi in 1840.[23][24] Tribunal manager Julie Tangaere said at the report's release to the Ngapuhi claimants:

text:
“
"Your tupuna [ancestors] did not give away their mana at Waitangi, at Waimate, at Mangungu. They did not cede their sovereignty. This is the truth you have been waiting a long time to hear."[25]
”

text: Wikimedia Commons has media related to Declaration of the Independence of New Zealand.


document_title: Salinas (surname)

question_text: where did the last name salinas originate from

text: Salinas (surname)

text: Salinas is a surname that originated in Spain. Notable people with the surname include:

text:
Ana Reeves Salinas, Chilean television, film and theatre actress
Antonio Salinas y Castañeda, Peruvian Politician and Mayor of Lima
Camilo Salinas, Chilean musician
Carlos Salinas de Gortari, Mexican president

tag: ul

text: Ruben F Salinas, American biotechnology executive, entrepreneur and inventor

text:
Francisco de Salinas, 16th-century Spanish music theorist
Francisco Vidal Salinas, Chilean politician
Gregorio de Salinas Varona, Spanish Administrator, Governor of Texas, Nuevo León, Honduras, Coahuila
Horacio Salinas, Chilean guitarist and composer
Irvin "Pee Wee" Salinas, Mexican-American Singer and Actor
Jeffrey Lane Salinas, Mexican/American Menswear Designer
José Miguel Insulza Salinas, Chilean politician
Julio Salinas, Spanish footballer
Luis Salinas, Argentinian jazz guitarist
Matías Oviedo Salinas, Chilean television, film and theater actor and musician
Pablo Salinas, Bolivian football (soccer) player
Patxi Salinas, Spanish footballer
Pedro Salinas, Spanish writer
Rodrigo Salinas (footballer, born 1986), Argentine footballer
Rodrigo Salinas (footballer, born 1988), Mexican footballer
Rodrigo Salinas, Chilean voice actor and comedian
Salinas, the ring name of Shelly Martinez in TNA Wrestling
Venz Alfred Salinas, Table tennis Champion, Guitarist and Composer
Yoandris Salinas, Cuban professional boxer
Alfonso Jose Sol Salinas, Engineer

text: Surname listThis page lists people with the surname Salinas. If an internal link intending to refer to a specific person led you to this page, you may wish to change that link by adding the person's given name(s) to the link.

text: Surnames

text: Articles with short descriptionAll set index articles


document_title: Too Close for Comfort

question_text: where did too close for comfort take place

text: Too Close for Comfort

text: Synopsis[edit]

text: Ted Knight and Nancy Dussault star as respective characters Henry and Muriel Rush, owners of a two-family house in San Francisco, California. Henry is a conservative cartoonist who authors a comic strip called Cosmic Cow. During scenes in which Henry draws in his bedroom, Knight used his earlier acquired ventriloquism talents for comical conversations with a hand-puppet version of "Cosmic Cow." Muriel is a laid back freelance photographer, having been a lead singer of a band in her earlier days. They have two grown children, older daughter, brunette Jackie (Deborah Van Valkenburgh) who works for a bank and younger daughter Sara (Lydia Cornell), a blonde bombshell and a college student at San Francisco State University.

text: At the start of the premiere episode, Jackie and Sara are living with their parents in a cramped, awkward arrangement. Their longtime downstairs tenant, Myron (later called Neville) Rafkin, recently died. The family discovers Rafkin was a transvestite and the many strange women Henry had been opening the door for all those years were actually Rafkin himself. Jackie and Sara convince their parents to allow them to move into the now-vacant downstairs apartment. In a running gag, Henry falls off the girls' ultra-modern chairs or couch every time he attempts to sit down. Despite the daughters' push for independence and moving into the downstairs apartment, Henry proves to be a very protective father and constantly meddles in their affairs.

text: Due to an actors' strike led by the Screen Actors Guild and the American Federation of Television and Radio Artists, new programming for the fall 1980 season was pushed back several months. As a result, Too Close for Comfort did not debut until November 11, 1980, and its initial season consisted of 19 episodes. The show garnered high ratings, benefiting from its placement in ABC's powerhouse Tuesday night lineup following hits like Happy Days, Laverne & Shirley and Three's Company.

text: A few episodes into the series, Sara's addle-headed friend Monroe Ficus, played by actor Jim J. Bullock, made an appearance. Although he was originally intended to be used for only a single episode, producers added the character to the series. Monroe was introduced to Henry by Sara as a depressed, lonely fellow student and street musician. Although Sara (with help from Jackie) tried to help him and send him on his way, Monroe found himself getting woven into the entire family's affairs and he became just a "friend" of Sara's and Henry's principal (if unintended) foil. During the first two seasons, Selma Diamond made guest appearances as Mildred Rafkin, sister of the late Myron. Sardonic, deadpan Mildred initially showed up to collect belongings left by Myron/Neville in the downstairs apartment, but continued to hang around thereafter. Seemingly, there were sentimental reasons, but occasionally she would attempt to make time with the much younger Monroe, whom she had an eye for.

text: Also added in early 1981 was Arthur Wainwright (Hamilton Camp), Henry's boss and head of Wainwright Publishing, who nearly decided to force the veteran cartoonist and Cosmic Cow into retirement in order to maintain a youth-oriented staff. The short-statured Mr. Wainwright, who spoke with Shakespearean diction and fancied himself an amateur detective (as a result of the famous mystery novels his company published), eventually let Henry stay with the firm, after the latter proved adept in helping him solve the mystery of Sara's stolen purse. Wainwright no longer appeared in person after the first season, but was referred to. Later, at the start of the fifth season, Graham Jarvis began appearing as Wainwright in a few guest appearances.

text: Developments in seasons two and three[edit]

text: During its second season, the series' principal stories are focused around Muriel's pregnancy. Additionally, Henry's niece April (Deena Freeman) comes from Delaware to live with the Rush family. The season concludes with Muriel giving birth to a son, Andrew (later played regularly by twins William and Michael Cannon from 1983 to 1984).

text: For the third season, April departs and the character of Muriel's mother, Iris Martin (Audrey Meadows) is added in order to help take care of Andrew. Also that fall, Jackie becomes engaged to her steady boyfriend, police officer Brad Turner (played by Gary Dontzig in one episode and by Jordan Suffin thereafter), but they broke it off after a short time. Jackie eventually moved into the field of fashion design, taking courses and producing her own clothing templates, which she later had produced as "The Jacqueline Rush Collection." Sara, meanwhile, decided to major in communications and, while continuing her studies, became a weather girl for a time at a major San Francisco TV station. Monroe seemed to be detached from Sara's circle of friends, but was taking the same major as her and became a security guard around campus.

text: The character of Henry Rush became famous for wearing sweatshirts from various American colleges and universities. It was revealed in one episode that he wore the different sweatshirts because he himself had never gone to college. Eventually fans would send in sweatshirts from universities around the country hoping they would be used during filming.

text: In the fall of 1982, ABC moved the series to Thursday nights, which proved to be disastrous. Paired with failures such as Joanie Loves Chachi, Star of the Family and It Takes Two, Too Close For Comfort saw its ratings fall drastically. At the conclusion of the season, the series was cancelled by ABC, after dropping from #6 the previous season to #38. The last first-run episode broadcast by ABC on May 5, 1983 was a pilot for a proposed spin-off series called Family Business. The series was to have focused on the misadventures of Lucille Garabaldi (Lainie Kazan) and her two sons (played by George Deloy and Jimmy Baio) as they tried to run a construction business. Hillary Bailey Smith was also featured in this backdoor pilot as the new, attractive female foreman that Lucille hired for her sons.

text: ABC aired reruns of Too Close for Comfort at 11:00 am ET from June 27 to September 23, 1983.

text: First-run syndication[edit]

text: During the early 1980s, TV station owner Metromedia was expanding its portfolio of original syndicated programming through its production subsidiary, Metromedia Producers Corporation. Its efforts would eventually lead to the creation of the Fox Broadcasting Company. When Too Close for Comfort was canceled by ABC, Metromedia Producers Corporation elected to pick up the series and began producing all-new episodes to run on various stations throughout the country.

text: Starting in April 1984, a total of 14 new episodes were broadcast for the show's fourth season, featuring the same cast as seen on the ABC episodes. Monroe and Iris were still around to bother Henry (although Meadows had cut back her involvement to guest shots only) and Jackie and Sara were still downstairs. The girls continued to advance in the respective career paths; Sara auditioned for a news anchor position at the TV station, but was passed over in favor of a female candidate who may have not had Sara's looks, but had greater experience in hard news. This caused Sara to learn the valuable lesson that her sex appeal alone would not get her everywhere. Monroe eventually moves into a remodeled attic, with the entrance from the Rushes' kitchen. Henry agreed to have Monroe as a tenant in a fleeting moment of compassion, but Monroe still proved to be a constant annoyance to him.

text: The show's ratings improved in syndication and Metromedia ordered an additional 30 episodes, airing through November 1985. When the fifth season began, a single child actor, Joshua Goodwin, took over the role of Andrew Rush (which he would hold for the remainder of the series). Henry was now working out of his own fancy office at Wainwright Publishing, as a result of toddler Andrew's "terrible twos" behavior interfering with his concentration at home. Everyone else's worldly or, in the case of Monroe, wacky affairs were also proving to be an intense distraction, considering they were all living under the same roof. Near the end of the season, Jackie accepted a job offer in Italy that would help further her clothing line, with her family and friends giving her a big send-off. With a total of 107 episodes of Too Close for Comfort having been produced, the show became a popular staple for syndicated reruns throughout the late 1980s.

text: The Ted Knight Show[edit]

text: In late 1985, several changes were made before further episodes were produced. The show's title was changed to The Ted Knight Show (not to be confused with the short-lived 1978 CBS show of the same name; hence it was occasionally referred to as The New Ted Knight Show, such as when Jim J. Bullock made a guest appearance on Break the Bank) and the setting was changed to Marin County, north of San Francisco. A new arrangement of Johnny Mandel's theme song was recorded, and a new opening title sequence was shot in the surrounding area. Deborah Van Valkenburgh, Lydia Cornell, and Audrey Meadows left the cast (Meadows would make one guest appearance this season). Veteran actress Pat Carroll, as well as Lisa Antille were added to the cast along with returning Nancy Dussault, and Jim J. Bullock.

text: The Rushes had moved to a larger house near Mill Valley. Henry retired from cartooning and became editor of the Marin Bugler, a local newspaper. Henry purchased a 49% stake in the publication from Hope Stinson (Carroll), who retained the other 51% and proved to be a thorn in his side. Muriel began working as the paper's staff photographer. Monroe, now living in his own apartment, visited frequently, and worked as a reporter-in-training at the Bugler. The Rushes hired a live-in nanny/housekeeper, a young woman named Lisa Flores (Antille), who would later become involved with Monroe. Antille had made a guest appearance in a fifth season Too Close for Comfort episode as Yvonne, a housekeeper the Rushes employed until she attempted to marry Monroe to avoid deportation.

text: First-run episodes of The Ted Knight Show were broadcast starting in April 1986. Twenty-two episodes were produced prior to the summer of 1986 and twelve had aired by mid-July. The revamped show continued to be successful and was scheduled to resume production for another season but Ted Knight, who had been battling colon cancer since 1985, died on August 26, 1986 at the age of 62 and no further episodes would be produced. The ten remaining first-run episodes were broadcast from September 1986 to February 1987.

text: When the episodes of The Ted Knight Show were added to the rerun package of Too Close for Comfort, the original show's title graphic was used, but the updated opening theme and sequence remained unchanged.[1] [2]

text: Cast[edit]

text:
Ted Knight as Henry Rush
Nancy Dussault as Muriel Rush
Deborah Van Valkenburgh as Jackie Rush (1980-1985)
Lydia Cornell as Sara Rush (1980-1985)
JM J. Bullock as Monroe Ficus
Hamilton Camp as Arthur Wainwright (1981)
Deena Freeman as April Rush (1981-1982)
Audrey Meadows as Iris Martin (1982-1983, guest appearances thereafter)
William and Michael Cannon as Andrew Rush (1983-1984)
Joshua Goodwin as Andrew Rush (1985-1986)
Pat Carroll as Hope Stinson (1986)
Lisa Antille as Lisa Flores (1986)

text: Notable guest stars[edit]

text:
Selma Diamond as Mildred Rafkin
Jordan Suffin as Officer Brad Turner
Elyse Knight (daughter of Ted Knight) as Samantha Bishop ("The Runaway," 1984)
Graham Jarvis as Arthur Wainwright (1985)
Ernie Wise as Ernie Dockery (1985)
Jim Davis (creator of the comic strip Garfield) as himself (1986)

text: Episodes[edit]

text:
Season
Episodes
Originally aired
Nielsen ratings[3]

First aired
Last aired
Network
Rank
Rating

1
19
November 11, 1980 (1980-11-11)
May 12, 1981 (1981-05-12)
ABC
15
20.8
(Tied with Happy Days)

2
22
October 13, 1981 (1981-10-13)
May 11, 1982 (1982-05-11)
6
22.6
(Tied with The Dukes of Hazzard)

3
22
September 30, 1982 (1982-09-30)
May 5, 1983 (1983-05-05)
38[4]
N/A

4
23
April 7, 1984 (1984-04-07)
December 8, 1984 (1984-12-08)
Syndication
N/A
N/A

5
21
February 5, 1985 (1985-02-05)
November 23, 1985 (1985-11-23)
N/A
N/A

6
22
April 5, 1986 (1986-04-05)
February 7, 1987 (1987-02-07)
N/A
N/A

text: Syndication[edit]

text: The show entered daily broadcast syndication in the fall of 1986, which continued until 2003.[5] The syndication rights for Too Close for Comfort are held by DLT Entertainment, a production and distribution company owned by show producer D.L. Taffner.

text: Reruns of the series aired on TBS. The series later aired on TV Land from 2003 to 2006. The series also aired on Antenna TV from January 2011 to September 2012.

text: DVD releases[edit]

text: Rhino Entertainment released the first two seasons of Too Close for Comfort on DVD in Region 1 in 2004/2005.[6][7] Rhino Home Entertainment did not obtain the original, unedited and uncut versions of the episodes for the Season 1 release and instead used the versions edited for syndication, which are missing several minutes of footage, including the final scene of each episode before the closing credits. There are no known plans for additional releases.

text:
DVD Name
Ep #
Release Date

The Complete First Season
19
November 2, 2004

The Complete Second Season
22
June 7, 2005


document_title: The Carrie Diaries (season 2)

question_text: when does carrie find out about sebastian and maggie

text: The Carrie Diaries (season 2)

text: Cast[edit]

text: Main cast[edit]

text:
AnnaSophia Robb as Carrie Bradshaw (13 episodes)
Austin Butler as Sebastian Kydd (13 episodes)
Lindsey Gort as Samantha Jones[2][3] (10 episodes)
Katie Findlay as Maggie Landers (11 episodes)
Brendan Dooling as Walt Reynolds (10 episodes)
Ellen Wong as Jill "Mouse" Chen (13 episodes)
Freema Agyeman as Larissa Loughlin (10 episodes)
Stefania Owen as Dorrit Bradshaw (10 episodes)
Matt Letscher as Tom Bradshaw (12 episodes)
Chloe Bridges as Donna LaDonna (10 episodes)

text: Recurring cast[edit]

text:
Jake Robinson as Bennet Wilcox (9 episodes)
Chris Wood as Adam Weaver[4] (4 episodes)
Josh Salatin as Simon Byrnes (3 episodes)
Scott Cohen as Harlan Silver (4 episodes)
Nadia Dajani as Deb (3 episodes)
R.J. Brown as Thomas West (7 episodes)
Whitney Vance and Alexandra Miller as the Jens (3 episodes)
Evan Crooks as Miller (3 episodes)
Giullian Yao Gioiello as Scott (3 episodes)
Terry Serpico as Mr. Kydd (3 episodes)
Noelle Beck as Mrs. Kydd (3 episodes)
Kate Nowlin as Barbara (2 episodes)
Molly Sims as Vicky Donovan (2 episodes)
Boris McGiver as Eddie Landers (2 episodes)
John Boyd as Elliot (2 episodes)
Claybourne Elder as Pete (3 episodes)

text: Episodes[edit]

text:
No. inseries

No. inseason

Title

Directed by

Written by

Original air date

Productioncode

U.S. viewers(million)

141"Win Some, Lose Some"Andy WolkAmy B. HarrisOctober 25, 2013 (2013-10-25)4X52010.78[5]
This episode's plot summary may be too long or excessively detailed. Please help improve it by removing unnecessary details and making it more concise. (January 2018) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) Carrie has been living at Larissa's apartment in Manhattan for the past three or four weeks of the summer with Walt as her platonic roommate. With Larissa still out of the country, Carrie has been filling in for her at Interview magazine full-time during the day and partying at local nightclubs at night. She has not seen or spoken to either Sebastian or Maggie since their falling out. But by chance during the Fourth of July weekend, Carrie runs into Sebastian when he tags along with Donna to the city to meet Donna's cousin Samantha Jones, an older woman in her late 20s, who co-manages a rock music nightclub. Carrie declines going with Walt, Sebastian, and Donna and instead goes to her regular hangout where, due to a combination of bad luck and carelessness, her valued purse gets stolen. She later has a chance meeting with Samantha who agrees to help her out of being locked out of her apartment. Back in Castlebury, Mouse invites West as her date to the local golf and tennis club's July 4th fireworks display where they find Maggie working as a waitress. Mouse is openly hostile towards Maggie for interfering with Carrie and Sebastian's relationship, but they eventually reconcile after Maggie confides in Mouse that she is only working at the country club to help herself pay for college and fears being stuck in Castlebury for the rest of her life like her parents. Elsewhere, Tom finds out about Dorrit dating Miller and wants to meet him. Dorrit tries to prevent her father from meeting Miller fearing that Tom may find out that she and Miller are in a sexual relationship and that they both take recreational drugs. Miller eventually goes behind Dorrit's back and meets with Tom where he makes a good impression upon Tom who allows Miller and Dorrit to date. Samantha crashes at Larissas loft with Carrie and Walt and Carrie finds herself with a lifelong friend.
152"Express Yourself"Amy HeckerlingJessica O'Toole & Amy RardinNovember 1, 2013 (2013-11-01)4X52020.89[6]
With the brash and man-hungry Samantha having crashed with Carrie and Walt for the past three weeks, they are both faced with kicking out Samantha when she makes herself too comfortable. Later, Walt summons the courage to tell Bennet how he feels about him when Bennet takes Walt out to a VIP Z100 concert to celebrate Walt's 18th birthday. Things go horribly wrong before Bennet can respond when Walt, Bennet, Donna, Mouse, and Carrie come down with a case of food poisoning. Meanwhile, Samantha and Mouse meet and Samantha wastes no time giving Mouse sex tips over how to "go at it" with West. Back in Castlebury, Sebastian and Maggie run into each other after three months apart. Sebastian also deals with his estranged father who comes back into town, but is more interested in business then father-son bonding. Elsewhere, Tom invites his girlfriend, Deb, to spend the weekend with him, which doesn't go exactly as planned.
163"Strings Attached"Daisy von Scherler MayerDoug StockstillNovember 8, 2013 (2013-11-08)4X52030.77[7]
Larissa returns from her overseas vacation and gives Carrie and Walt inspiration with zen to take the next step with their lives. Larissa and Samantha take an instant dislike to each other when they first meet since Samantha's streetwise demeanor and attitude clashes with Larissa's prim and proper routine. On Carrie's first day back at school for her senior year, Sebastian asks Doritt for a little help to try to get Carrie to talk with him. Walt fears that Maggie will out his true sexual orientation. Mouse tries to get Maggie to look at more college options despite her lack of interest. Meanwhile, Samantha hooks up with a masked karate instructor as an outlet to her troubled feelings. Elsewhere, Tom is offered a job back at Harlan's law firm.
174"Borderline"Michael FieldsHeney Alonso MyersNovember 15, 2013 (2013-11-15)4X52040.78[8]
Carrie pitches Larissa a profile on New York wunderkind playwright Adam Weaver, but when he proves a difficult, yet fascinating, interview, Carrie's job is on the line. Bennet's rules in his relationship with Walt force Bennet to acknowledge his real feelings. Carrie and Dorrit are surprised to find a common enemy in Tom's girlfriend Deb's ill-behaved son. Meanwhile, Sebastian seeks comfort in the arms of an older woman.
185"Too Close for Comfort"Zetna FuentesJessica QuellerNovember 22, 2013 (2013-11-22)4X52050.71[9]
When Sebastian learns that his mother is getting remarried, he asks Carrie's dad, Tom, for help to make sure she is legally protected. Meanwhile, Carrie is furious when she discovers that Weaver has secretly read her journal. After reading that Carrie is a virgin and apologizing relentlessly, Carrie and Weaver have SEX and Carrie experiences intimacy for the first time. Mouse volunteers to help with the Homecoming float, but tries to distance herself when West wins Homecoming King. Samantha finds herself a new place to live and another unusual job. Elsewhere, Dorrit begins to feel smothered by Miller, especially when he befriends her dad, and Donna gives Dorrit some advice resulting in Dorrit and Millers relationship ending.
196"The Safety Dance"David WarrenSascha RothchildDecember 6, 2013 (2013-12-06)4X52060.90[10]
Carrie struggles with what she should write about in her essay. Weaver encourages her to write about what she fears the most but when Carrie decides to write about sex, Weaver tries to help her figure out something better and just ends up getting in the way leading them to later break up. Maggie and Sebastian start to grow closer as Maggie discovers some shocking news: she's pregnant! Carrie feels a potential love interest in Sebastian once again after seeing his jacket in her closet and drives to his house to tell him her feelings but instead leaves he jacket on his front foor after seeing Maggie asleep on the couch. Meanwhile, Mouse is apprehensive about applying to safety schools but West thinks it's good to be on the safe side. Walt takes drastic measures to keep himself safe when Bennet moves to a dangerous neighborhood. Also, Larissa and Samantha plan to have a threesome with Harlan but instead make a sex tape with each other after finding out Harlan is stuck in traffic.
207"I Heard a Rumor"Norman BuckleyAmy B. HarrisDecember 13, 2013 (2013-12-13)4X52070.70[11]
Weaver makes some false accusations to the press about Carrie to prevent people from thinking anything bad about him. Samantha brings Carrie, Walt, and Bennet to an event with a raffle with a free trip to Paris as the prize. Carrie meets the journalist who wrote about her, and in spite says awful things about Weaver. Meanwhile, Sebastian lets people think that he's the father to Maggie's baby just to keep Maggie's secret about who the real father is. This makes Carrie decide to call the journalist and tells the truth, that she is the ex that Weaver had said awful words about in the paper. Maggie collapses and ends up in the hospital where she has to partake a major surgery. Elsewhere, Mouse is worried that she and West are boring and therefore tries to spice up their relationship by planting a surprise in West's backback but then starts to freak out when the "surprise" (a topless Polaroid photo of herself) is missing.
218"The Second Time Around"Janice CookeTerri MinskyDecember 20, 2013 (2013-12-20)4X52080.73[12]
Carrie is excited when she gets the chance to interview the CEO of Bongo Jeans. But Larissa tells Carrie that the interview is Carrie's last chance to land a piece in Interview magazine or she will be let go. Meanwhile, Mouse gets some news that drives an unexpected wedge between her and West. Sebastian's estranged father delivers other news that could forever change Sebastian and Carrie's relationship. Elsewhere, Walt finds himself homeless after his conservative parents kick him out when he's forced to confess to them his sexual orientation. He moves in with Carrie where he finds a surprising father figure in Carrie's father Tom. Also, Maggie tries to muster the courage to tell her neglectful father the truth about her past relations with Simon, resulting in him getting fired. He goes to Maggies school and confronts her about his unemployment while Sebastian and Carrie are there. Sebastian and Simon end up fighting, resulting in Sebastian getting expelled. His father supports him for fighting for Maggie and Carrie and tells him they are both moving to California since Sebastian is no longer in school. Carrie and Sebastian decide that they will have a long-distance relationship and hope things work out. Carries article is published in Interview magazie, Sebastian arrives in California with his dad and Walt and Bennet celebrate Christmas with Samantha and Larissa.
229"Under Pressure"Andy WolkLogan SlakterJanuary 3, 2014 (2014-01-03)4X52090.99[13]
When her father's away on business for the weekend, Dorrit and her friends have a party. Carrie tries to maintain a long-distance relationship with Sebastian, only to have him show up a month later claiming that he is back for good. Mouse and Donna find common ground to talk and bond over their respective lives. Meanwhile, Tom is invited into the city by Harlan where he asks him to draw up a pre-nuptial agreement after Harlan announces his engagement to Larissa. Larissa lets Sebastian stay in her loft in Manhattan which gives him a chance to start anew.
2310"Date Expectations"Amy HeckerlingJessica O'Toole & Amy RardinJanuary 10, 2014 (2014-01-10)4X52100.81[14]
On Valentine's Day, Carrie becomes resentful when Sebastian breaks their dinner date in New York because of a work opportunity for him to meet an investor for his new skateboard clothing business. Walt and Bennet get devastating news that changes their future together, when Bennet learns that one of his former boyfriends has AIDS. The news sends Walt into such a panic that he flees from Bennet and the city, refusing to deal with anything or get tested for the virus. Larissa and Samantha continue their personal feud over Samantha being hired as a nude model of Lady Godiva. Meanwhile, the insecure Maggie accidentally enlists in the US Army, and she's forced to ask Mouse and Donna for help to retrieve her consent form. Elsewhere, Tom decides to use reverse psychology on Dorrit to encourage her to start dating again by play-acting as the bad parent.
2411"Hungry Like the Wolf"Sarah PriceHenry Alonso MyersJanuary 17, 2014 (2014-01-17)4X52110.86[15]
Larissa blames Bennet for slacking off since his breakup with Walt, forcing Carrie to cover for him. But when Bennet takes advantage of Carrie's generosity by continuing to skip work, she takes it upon herself to interview a professional ballerina whom Bennet was assigned to interview. Meanwhile, Samantha makes an unruly decision by seducing a married man while she is looking for a lost parakeet to claim a reward. Sebastian's future could change forever when his father arrives in town and asks for money, claiming that he is broke from a lifetime of bad investments. Meanwhile, Tom gets taken advantage of by a female lawyer which prompts Doritt to offer Tom her help. Elsewhere, Maggie seeks Mouse and Donna's advice when her potentially new boyfriend, Pete, comes to visit during his R&R.
2512"This Is the Time"Jason ReillySascha RothchildJanuary 24, 2014 (2014-01-24)4X52120.90[16]
Carrie and her friends get together for perhaps the last time before graduation from high school: the senior prom. Since all of them are dateless they attend as a group. Dorrit also tags along with her boyfriend Scott to try to stir up trouble and drama. Meanwhile, Larissa convinces Carrie to rethink her college plans by offering her a full-time job at Interview magazine. Tom learns about this and threatens to financially cut Carrie off if she does not choose to attend college first. Mouse threatens Donna with revealing a secret about Donna's future plans that could bring Donna to her knees. Walt re-thinks his current situation and decides to reconcile with Bennet. Maggie finds herself uncertain over her future with her Army boyfriend Pete. Elsewhere, Sebastian tries to hide something from Carrie when he is offered a career opportunity to move to California to further his skateboard clothing company.
2613"Run to You"Andrew McCarthyAmy B. HarrisJanuary 31, 2014 (2014-01-31)4X52130.86[17]
Carrie and all of her friends finally graduate from high school. As a result of Larissa's firing, Carrie loses her job at Interview magazine and worse still, cannot get into NYU for at least a year. Meanwhile, Maggie tries to uncover a secret about her new military man, Pete. Mouse and West get thrown together as co-valedictorians as they prepare to leave for their separate colleges. While attempting to get her life back in order, Carrie temporarily moves in with Sebastian, who's keeping a secret from her. Elsewhere, Samantha tries to get out of New York City when she has a run-in with her one-time married lover Elliot. After Larissa reveals Carrie's secret about being fired to her father Tom, he confronts Carrie about her poor judgment and refuses to take her back home. After learning about Carrie's situation, Sebastian tells her that he is moving to California to further his business and asks her to come. Larissa and Harlan have the biggest wedding of all: at the TWA terminal at JFK International Airport. In the end, Carrie makes a life changing decision to stay in New York City and try to rebuild her life by focusing on writing as well as waitressing.

text: Ratings[edit]

text:
No. inseries
No. inseason
Title
Air date
Rating/share(18–49)
Viewers(millions)
DVR(18–49)
DVR Viewers(millions)
Total(18–49)
Total viewers(millions)

14
1
"Win Some, Lose Some"
October 25, 2013
0.3/1[5]
0.78[5]
0.2[18]
N/A
0.5[18]
N/A

15
2
"Express Yourself"
November 1, 2013
0.3/1[6]
0.89[6]
0.2[19]
N/A
0.5[19]
N/A

16
3
"Strings Attached"
November 8, 2013
0.3/1[7]
0.77[7]
0.2[20]
N/A
0.5[20]
N/A

17
4
"Borderline"
November 15, 2013
0.3/1[8]
0.78[8]
0.2[21]
N/A
0.5[21]
N/A

18
5
"Too Close for Comfort"
November 22, 2013
0.3/1[9]
0.71[9]
0.2[22]
N/A
0.5[22]
N/A

19
6
"The Safety Dance"
December 6, 2013
0.3/1[10]
0.90[10]
0.2[23]
N/A
0.5[23]
N/A

20
7
"I Heard a Rumor"
December 13, 2013
0.2/1[11]
0.70[11]
0.2[24]
N/A
0.4[24]
N/A

21
8
"The Second Time Around"
December 20, 2013
0.3/1[12]
0.73[12]
0.2[25]
0.32[25]
0.5[25]
1.16[25]

22
9
"Under Pressure"
January 3, 2014
0.4/1[13]
0.99[13]
0.1[26]
0.28[26]
0.5[26]
1.28[26]

23
10
"Date Expectations"
January 10, 2014
0.3/1[14]
0.81[14]
0.2[27]
N/A
0.5[27]
N/A

24
11
"Hungry Like the Wolf"
January 17, 2014
0.4/1[15]
0.86[15]
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A

25
12
"This Is the Time"
January 24, 2014
0.3/1[16]
0.90[16]
0.2[28]
N/A
0.5[28]
N/A

26
13
"Run to You"
January 31, 2014
0.3/1[17]
0.86[17]
0.2[29]
N/A
0.5[29]
N/A

text: In the netlet's target demo W18-34, the season premiere averaged 0.3, doubling the numbers with the following episode to 0.6.[30] The third episode of the season slipped to 0.5 points.[31] The fourth episode surged to 0.7, a new season high in that demo.[32] The fifth episode of the season fell to 0.3.[33] However, the sixth episode rose to 0.5.[34] The seventh episode dropped to 0.4. The midseason finale rose to 0.5.[35] The ninth episode rose again, this time to 0.6.[36] The tenth episode dropped to 0.4.[37] The eleventh episode rose to 0.5.[38] The penultimate episode scored a 0.6.[39] The season finale tumbled to 0.4.[40]


document_title: The Beverly Hillbillies

question_text: what is granny's name from beverly hillbillies

question_tokens: what is granny 's name from beverly hillbillies

text: The Beverly Hillbillies

text: Premise[edit]

text: The series starts as Jed Clampett, an impoverished and widowed mountaineer, is living alongside an oil-rich swamp with his daughter and mother-in-law. A surveyor for the OK Oil Company realizes the size of the oil field, and the company pays him a fortune for the right to drill on his land. Patriarch Jed's cousin Pearl Bodine prods him to move to California after being told his modest property could yield $25 million, and pressures him into taking her son Jethro along. The family moves into a mansion in wealthy Beverly Hills, California, next door to Jed's banker, Milburn Drysdale. The Clampetts bring a moral, unsophisticated, and minimalistic lifestyle to the swanky, sometimes self-obsessed and superficial community. Double entendres and cultural misconceptions are the core of the sitcom's humor. Plots often involve the outlandish efforts Drysdale makes to keep the Clampetts' money in his bank. The family's periodic attempts to return to the mountains are often prompted by Granny's perceiving a slight from one of the "city folk".

text: Cast[edit]

text:
Buddy Ebsen as J. D. "Jed" Clampett, the widowed patriarch and head of the household.
Irene Ryan as Daisy May ("Granny") Moses, Jed's mother-in-law and Elly May's maternal Grandmother.
Donna Douglas as Elly May Clampett, Jed's beautiful tomboy daughter
Max Baer Jr. as Jethro Bodine, the brawny, half-witted son of Jed's cousin Pearl.
Raymond Bailey as Milburn Drysdale, Jed's greedy, unscrupulous banker
Nancy Kulp as Miss Jane Hathaway, Drysdale's scholarly, "plain Jane" secretary
Harriet E. MacGibbon as Margaret Drysdale, Mr. Drysdale's ostentatious wife
Bea Benaderet as Jed's cousin Pearl (season 1)

text: Episodes[edit]

text: SeasonEpisodesOriginally airedNielsen ratings[3]First airedLast airedRankRatingTied with136September 26, 1962 (1962-09-26)May 29, 1963 (1963-05-29)136.0N/A236September 25, 1963 (1963-09-25)June 10, 1964 (1964-06-10)139.1N/A334September 23, 1964 (1964-09-23)June 16, 1965 (1965-06-16)1225.6N/A432September 15, 1965 (1965-09-15)May 18, 1966 (1966-05-18)725.9Bewitched530September 14, 1966 (1966-09-14)April 19, 1967 (1967-04-19)723.4DaktariBewitched630September 6, 1967 (1967-09-06)April 3, 1968 (1968-04-03)1223.3N/A726September 25, 1968 (1968-09-25)March 26, 1969 (1969-03-26)1023.5N/A826September 24, 1969 (1969-09-24)March 18, 1970 (1970-03-18)1821.7N/A924September 15, 1970 (1970-09-15)March 23, 1971 (1971-03-23)N/AN/AN/A

text: Characters[edit]

text: Main cast[edit]

text: J.D. "Jed" Clampett[edit]

text: Although he has little formal education, Jed Clampett (Buddy Ebsen) has a good deal of common sense. He is the son of Luke Clampett and his wife, and has a sister called Myrtle. Jed is a good-natured man and the head of the family. The huge oil pool in the swamp he owned was the beginning of his rags-to-riches journey to Beverly Hills. He is usually the straight man to Granny and Jethro's antics. His catchphrase is, "Welllllll, doggies!"[4]  Jed was one of the three characters to appear in all 274 episodes of the series.

text: Granny[edit]

text: Daisy May Moses (Irene Ryan), called "Granny" by all, is Jed's mother-in-law. In the first season she implies she is 72 years old when she says she has not slept in so late in 72 years.  Paul Henning, the show's creator/producer, quickly discarded the idea of making Granny Jed's mother, which would have changed the show's dynamics, making Granny the matriarch and Jed subordinate to her. Granny can be aggressive, but is often overruled by Jed. She is a Confederate to the core, defending President Jefferson Davis, the Stars and Bars, and the simple life. Short-fused and easily angered, Granny fancies herself a Baptist ("dunked, not sprinkled") Christian with forgiveness in her heart.[5] A self-styled "M.D." — "mountain doctor" — she claims to be better than expensive trained physicians. In lieu of conventional anesthesia, Granny uses her "white lightning" brew before commencing painful treatments such as leech bleeding and yanking teeth with pliers.

text: Granny's full name, Daisy Moses, is allegedly an homage to the popular and dearly loved folk artist Anna Mary Robertson, known to the world as Grandma Moses, who died in 1961, a year before The Beverly Hillbillies made its television debut.[6][7] Granny is frequently referred to as "Granny Clampett" in a number of episodes, but technically she is a Moses. Granny appears in all 274 episodes.

text: Elly May Clampett[edit]

text: Elly May (Donna Douglas in all 274 episodes), the only child of Jed and Rose Ellen Clampett, is a mountain beauty with the body of a pinup girl and the soul of a tomboy. She can throw a fastball as well as "rassle" most men to a fall, and she can be as tender with her friends, animals, and family as she is tough with anyone she rassles. She says once that animals can be better companions than people, but as she grows older, she allows that, "fellas kin be more fun than critters. "In addition to the family dog, Duke (an old Bloodhound), a number of pets live on the Clampett estate thanks to animal-lover Elly. In the 1981 TV movie, Elly May is the head of a zoo.

text: Elly is a terrible cook. Family members cringe whenever, for plot reasons, Elly takes over the kitchen.

text: Jethro Bodine[edit]

text: Jethro (Max Baer Jr. in 272 episodes) is the son of Jed's cousin, Pearl Bodine (though he addresses Jed as "Uncle Jed").  He drives the Clampett family to their new home in California and stays on with them to further his education. The others boast of Jethro's "sixth-grade education", but he is ignorant about nearly every aspect of modern California life. In one episode, he decides to go to college. He enrolls late in the semester at a local secretarial school and "earns" his diploma by the end of the day because he is so disruptive. This was an ironic in-joke – in real life, Max Baer Jr. has a bachelor's degree in business administration, minoring in philosophy, from Santa Clara University.[8][9]

text: Many story lines involve Jethro's endless career search, which include such diverse vocations as a millwright, a brain surgeon, street car conductor, "double-naught" spy, telephone lineman, soda jerk, chauffeur, short-order cook, sculptor, restaurant owner (with Granny's cooking), psychiatrist, and once as a bookkeeper for Milburn Drysdale's bank; a Hollywood agent for "cousin" Bessie and "Cousin Roy" (see below); Hollywood producer (a studio flunky remarks Jethro has the "right qualifications" for being a producer: a sixth-grade education and an uncle who owns the studio; this in-joke gag as a movie producer was replayed in the 1981 movie). More often than not, his overall goal in these endeavors is to meet pretty girls. He only manages to gain (but is oblivious to) the affections of the plain Miss Jane Hathaway. Of all the Clampett clan, he is the most eager to embrace city life. A running gag is that Jethro is known as the "six-foot stomach" for his huge appetite: in one episode, he eats a jetliner's entire supply of steaks; in another, Jethro tries to set himself up as a Hollywood agent for cousin "Bessie" the chimpanzee – with a fee of 10,000 bananas for Bessie and 1,000 for him. Jethro does not appear in the third- or second-to-last episodes, but Baer remains billed in the title credits.

text: With the January 2015 death of Donna Douglas, Baer is the only surviving main cast member.[10]

text: Milburn Drysdale[edit]

text: Milburn (Raymond Bailey in 247 episodes) is the Clampetts' banker, confidant and next-door neighbor. He is obsessed with money, and to keep the Clampetts' $96,000,000 (in 1969, equal to $640,638,838 today) in his Commerce Bank, Mr. Drysdale will do everything he can to cater to their every wish. He often forces others, especially his long-suffering secretary, to help fulfill their outlandish requests.

text: Jane Hathaway[edit]

text: Jane Hathaway (Nancy Kulp in 246 episodes), whom the Clampetts address as "Miss Jane", is Drysdale's loyal and efficient secretary. Though she reluctantly carries out his wishes, she is genuinely fond of the family and tries to shield them from her boss's greed. Miss Hathaway frequently has to "rescue" Drysdale from his schemes, receiving little or no thanks for her efforts. The Clampetts consider her family; even Granny, the one most dead-set against living in California, likes her very much. Jane harbors something of a crush on Jethro for most of the series' run. In 1999, TV Guide ranked Jane Hathaway number 38 on its "50 Greatest TV Characters of All Time" list.[11]

text: Recurring[edit]

text: Milburn Drysdale's wife Margaret (Harriet E. MacGibbon; 55 episodes in 1962–69) is a blue-blooded Bostonian who traces her family back to the Mayflower and has obvious disdain for the "peasant" and "dreadful" hillbillies, especially Granny, with whom she occasionally has "scraps". Her son, Milburn's stepson, Sonny (Louis Nye) is introduced as a 35-year-old collegian who does not believe in working up a sweat and is a mama's boy. He courts Elly May until she literally tosses him. Sonny only appears in four episodes, three in 1962 and a final appearance in 1966.

text: Pearl Bodine (Bea Benaderet; 22 episodes in season 1) is Jed's widowed cousin. Pearl is a generally well-meaning mother to Jethro. She was also a popular character, often used as a foil for Granny, and became a regular part-way through the first season (the end credits were even refilmed to include Pearl with the other family members). The character disappeared after the first year because Benaderet had become the star of another Paul Henning series, Petticoat Junction. She is the daughter of Amos Clampett, Jed's uncle. Like Elly May, Pearl's name came from that of a character (Pearl Lester) in the popular rural-life novel, play, and film Tobacco Road.[citation needed] In the episodes "The Clampetts Get Psychoanalyzed" and "The Psychiatrist Gets Clampetted", Herbert Rudley plays the psychiatrist Dr. Eugene Twombley, with whom Pearl is enamored; Benaderet's real-life husband was named Eugene Twombly. In season six, she makes a cameo appearance in the episode "Greetings from the President".

text:
Jethrine Bodine (played by Baer, but voiced by Linda Kaye Henning; 11 episodes in season 1): Jethrine is Pearl's king-sized daughter and Jethro's twin. Jethrine appears in the first season; she moves with her mother to the Clampett mansion later that season, but occasionally is not seen in episodes during her stay in California. Jethrine is upset to leave the hills as it means separation from her "sweetie", traveling salesman Jasper "Jazzbo" Depew (played by Phil Gordon in many episodes in the first series). Late in the season, it was explained in an episode that Jethrine had returned home to marry Depew. Jethro and Jethrine rarely appeared in the same scene in any of the episodes, and then they were never on-camera at the same time, except for the rare back-of-the-head shot using a double. Jethrine also appears in the 1993 movie version.
Dash Riprock (Larry Pennell; 10 episodes in seasons 3–7) is a handsome Hollywood actor employed by Jed's movie studio. He and Elly May meet while she is working as an extra at the studio. The two have an on-and-off relationship. Riprock was a send-up of the blatantly fake screen names employed by a number of movie actors of the period. Riprock's real name (before being changed by Hollywood moguls) was "Homer Noodleman", and he was from Peoria, Illinois.
Lowell Redlings Farquhar (Charles Ruggles; three episodes in seasons 4 and 5) is the elderly father of Mrs. Drysdale. Granny considers him a potential beau.
Lester Flatt and Earl Scruggs (as themselves in seven episodes, 1963–68) are longtime friends of the Clampetts "back home" (Kimberling City, Missouri), who visit the Clampetts when they are on tour in California. The duo had a number-one Billboard country single with the show's "The Ballad of Jed Clampett" (although the song is actually performed in the credits by Jerry Scoggins to Flatt and Scruggs' instrumental). (Actress Joi Lansing played Flatt's wife, Gladys, in five episodes, 1963–68.)
John Brewster (Frank Wilcox; 14 episodes, 1962–1966), is the president and CEO of the OK Oil Company, headquartered in Tulsa, who purchases the oil rights to the gusher on the Clampett home. The Clampetts are quite fond of him, and his wife occasionally visits them in California.
Janet Trego (Sharon Tate; 15 episodes, 1963–65) is a beautiful secretary at the Commerce Bank. (Tate was later murdered by Charles Manson's "family" just before the start of season 8.)
Sam Drucker (Frank Cady; 10 episodes in 1968–70) owns the general store in Hooterville. Granny is constantly under the impression Sam wants to marry her, but Sam has no such intention. Cady also starred as Sam Drucker in Petticoat Junction and Green Acres. Cady reprised the role of Sam Drucker for the 1990 Green Acres reunion movie Return to Green Acres.
Helen Thompson (Danielle Mardi; 17 episodes in 1969–71) is a beautiful British secretary at the Commerce Bank. Helen takes over Miss Hathaway's job as Mr. Drysdale's secretary after Miss Hathaway resigns. She is one of the ringleaders of the protest group the secretaries of the Commerce Bank create: GRUN (Girls Resist Unfair Neglect). She, along with many other secretaries, as well as Elly and Granny, live with Miss Hathaway for a short time in her apartment.
Shorty Kellums (Shug Fisher; 17 episodes in seasons 8 and 9) is Jed's longtime buddy from back home, with whom Jed reunites in 1969 when the Clampetts go back home for an extended period. Shorty is a wiry little man who is crazy about voluptuous girls half his age. Shorty later moves into the Clampett mansion in Beverly Hills for a while.
Elverna Bradshaw (Elvia Allman; 13 episodes, 1963–70) is Granny's longtime rival back in the hills, a gossip second to none. Referenced as early as episode 3, she makes a brief appearance in a 1963 episode when the Clampetts go back home to bring Pearl to California, but is not seen again until 1969, when the Clampetts return for an extended visit. However, both Granny and Jed refer to the character in several episodes throughout the series' run. Elverna and Granny rekindle their feud in a match to see who will be the first to marry, Elverna's daughter or Elly May. For reasons not really explained, Elverna also moves into the Clampett Beverly Hills mansion during the same period Shorty does; both of them, however, are not present for the final 1970–71 season.
Matthew and Mark Templeton (brothers played by actor Roger Torrey, who had auditioned for the part of Jethro; three episodes in season 8 as Matthew;  9 in season 9 as Mark) Matthew is the preacher Granny tags as a prospective husband for Elly. Unfortunately, Granny learns Matthew is married. Just a year later back in California, Elly meets Matthew's brother, Mark Templeton, who is a marine biologist and a frogman, whom Granny believes is actually part frog. The Mark Templeton storyline played out for nine episodes and was abruptly dropped, although advance publicity for the show indicated Elly May and Mark would marry during the season; however, the show was canceled at the end of that season as part of the CBS Rural Purge.
Cousin Roy (Roy Clark; three episodes in seasons 6 and 7) is the Clampetts' cousin, who comes to Hollywood as an aspiring country singer. Jethro turns down the chance to be his agent, only to have Cousin Roy actually succeed. (In a similar story line, singer Pat Boone guest starred as himself; Jethro fails to be Boone's agent too.)

text: Theme music[edit]

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text: The show's theme song, "The Ballad of Jed Clampett", was written by producer and writer Paul Henning and originally performed by bluegrass artists Flatt and Scruggs. The song is sung by Jerry Scoggins (backed by Flatt and Scruggs) over the opening and end credits of each episode. Flatt and Scruggs subsequently cut their own version of the theme (with Flatt singing) for Columbia Records; released as a single, it reached number 44 on Billboard Hot 100 pop music chart and number one on the Billboard Hot Country chart (the lone country chart-topper for the duo).

text: The six main cast members participated on a 1963 Columbia soundtrack album, which featured original song numbers in character. Additionally, Ebsen, Ryan, and Douglas each made a few solo recordings following the show's success, including Ryan's 1966 novelty single, "Granny's Miniskirt".

text: The series generally features no country music beyond the bluegrass banjo theme song, although country star Roy Clark and the team of Flatt and Scruggs occasionally play on the program. Pop singer Pat Boone appears in one episode as himself, under the premise that he hails from the same area of the country as the Clampetts, although Boone is a native of Jacksonville, Florida.

text: The 1989 film UHF featured a "Weird Al" Yankovic parody music video, "Money for Nothing/Beverly Hillbillies*", combining "The Ballad of Jed Clampett" and English rock band Dire Straits' 1985 hit song "Money for Nothing".

text: Crossovers[edit]

text: Season seven (1968–69) was packed with strategically placed, multi-episode crossover stories in which the fictional worlds of all three Paul Henning series overlap. The Clampett family makes several trips to Hooterville (which was first mentioned in season 1 episode 6 when Jazzbo Depew attempts to sweet talk Jethrine Bodine), Sam Drucker visits Beverly Hills, and Granny (Irene Ryan) does two guest appearances on Petticoat Junction. In season eight (1969–70), the Clampett family visits Hooterville one last time for a two-part episode.

text:
"Granny Goes to Hooterville" (season 7: episode 6) - Granny leaves for Hooterville upon hearing distant cousin Betty Jo Bradley (Linda Henning) just had a baby. The only Petticoat Junction cast members in this episode are Sam Drucker (Frank Cady) and Uncle Joe (Edgar Buchanan) seen talking to Granny on the phone. (The story continues on the Petticoat Junction episode "Granny, the Baby Expert".) "The Italian Cook" (7:7) wraps up the three-episode Hooterville story arc featuring Betty Jo, her husband Steve Elliott (Mike Minor), and Sam Drucker.
"The Thanksgiving Story" (7:10) - The Clampetts visit Hooterville and mingle with the Petticoat Junction cast. This includes a silent, split-second insert of Eddie Albert and Eva Gabor of Green Acres. Jethro pretends to be a Hollywood producer and tries to romance Billie Jo (Meredith MacRae) and Bobbie Jo (Lori Saunders) Bradley. This arc continues in the next episode, "The Courtship of Homer Noodleman" (7:11), with the Clampetts leaving for home following Eb Dawson's (from Green Acres) falling for Elly May.
"The Week Before Christmas" (7:13) - The crossover aspect is limited to two scenes in Sam Drucker's general store with the Bradley sisters and Drucker talking to Granny over the phone. The same broadcast week, Petticoat Junction aired "A Cake from Granny" with shots of Granny and Jane Hathaway (Nancy Kulp) in Beverly Hills baking a cake. "Christmas in Hooterville" (7:14) reunites the Clampett family with the Petticoat Junction cast. The follow-up episode, "Drysdale and Friend" (7:15), has appearances by Sam Drucker and Green Acres regular Fred Ziffel (Hank Patterson).
"Sam Drucker's Visit" (7:23) - The final season seven crossover with Sam Drucker dropping in on the Clampetts in Beverly Hills. Drucker and Betty Jo share one scene set in his Hooterville General Store.
In season eight, "Buzz Bodine, Boy General" (8:15) and "The Clampett-Hewes Empire" (8:16) comprise the last two-part crossover of the series. The Clampetts return to Petticoat Junction in a story featuring Steve Elliott, Betty Jo, Sam Drucker, and a rare Hooterville visit by Miss Hathaway and Mr. Drysdale (Raymond Bailey).
During season nine, after the cancellation of Petticoat Junction, Lori Saunders appeared in three episodes playing a new recurring character, Elizabeth Gordon.

text: Reception[edit]

text: The Beverly Hillbillies received poor reviews from some contemporary critics. The New York Times called the show "strained and unfunny"; Variety called it "painful to sit through".[12] Film professor Janet Staiger writes that "the problem for these reviewers was that the show confronted the cultural elite's notions of quality entertainment." [13] The show did receive a somewhat favorable review from noted critic Gilbert Seldes in the December 15, 1962 TV Guide: "The whole notion on which The Beverly Hillbillies is founded is an encouragement to ignorance... But it is funny. What can I do?" [14][15]

text: Regardless of the poor reviews, the show shot to the top of the Nielsen ratings shortly after its premiere and stayed there for several seasons. During its first two seasons, it was the number one program in the U.S. During its second season, it earned some of the highest ratings ever recorded for a half-hour sitcom. The season-two episode "The Giant Jackrabbit" also became the most watched telecast up to the time of its airing, and remains the most-watched half-hour episode of a sitcom, as well. The series enjoyed excellent ratings throughout its run, although it had fallen out of the top 20 most-watched shows during its final season.

text: In 1997, the season 3 episode "Hedda Hopper's Hollywood" was ranked Number 62 on "TV Guide's 100 Greatest Episodes of All Time".[16]

text: Nielsen ratings[edit]

text:
Season

Time

Rank

Rating

Notes

1 (1962–63)

Wednesday at 9:00-9:30 PM

1

36.0

2 (1963–64)

39.1

3 (1964–65)

Wednesday at 8:30-9:00 PM

12

25.6

4 (1965–66)

7

25.9

Tied with Bewitched

5 (1966–67)

23.4

Tied with Daktari and Bewitched

6 (1967–68)

12

23.3

7 (1968–69)

Wednesday at 9:00-9:30 PM

10

23.5

8 (1969–70)

Wednesday at 8:30-9:00 PM

18

21.7

9 (1970–71)

Tuesday at 7:30-8:00 PM

Not in the Top 30

text: Cancellation[edit]

text: Season nine, during the 1970–71 TV season placed 33rd out of 96 shows.[19] Despite the respectable ratings, the show was canceled in the spring of 1971 after 274 episodes. The CBS network, prompted by pressure from advertisers seeking a more sophisticated urban audience, decided to refocus its schedule on several "hip" new urban-themed shows and, to make room for them, the two remaining series of CBS's rural-themed comedies were simultaneously cancelled.[20] This action came to be known as "the Rural Purge". Pat Buttram, who played Mr. Haney on Green Acres, famously remarked, "It was the year CBS cancelled everything with a tree - including Lassie."[21]

text: Reunions[edit]

text: 1981 CBS movie[edit]

text: In 1981, Return of the Beverly Hillbillies television movie, written and produced by series creator Henning, was aired on the CBS network. Irene Ryan had died in 1973, and Raymond Bailey had died in 1980. The script acknowledged Granny's passing, but featured Imogene Coca as Granny's mother. Max Baer decided against reprising the role that both started and stymied his career, so the character of Jethro Bodine was given to another actor, Ray Young.

text: The film's plot had Jed back in his old homestead in Bug Tussle, having divided his massive fortune among Elly May and Jethro, both of whom stayed on the West Coast. Jane Hathaway had become a Department of Energy agent and was seeking Granny's "White Lightnin'" recipe to combat the energy crisis. Since Granny had gone on to "her re-ward", it was up to Granny's centenarian "Maw" (Imogene Coca) to divulge the secret brew's ingredients. Subplots included Jethro playing an egocentric, starlet-starved Hollywood producer, Jane and her boss (Werner Klemperer) having a romance, and Elly May owning a large petting zoo. The four main characters finally got together by the end of the story.

text: Having been filmed a mere decade after the final episode of the original series, viewer consensus was that the series' original spirit was lost to the film on many fronts, chief of which being the deaths of Ryan and Bailey and Baer's absence, which left only three of the six original cast members available to reprise their respective roles. Further subtracting from the familiarity was the fact that the legendary Clampett mansion was unavailable for a location shoot as the owners' lease was too expensive. Henning himself admitted sheer embarrassment when the finished product aired, blaming his inability to rewrite the script due to the 1981 Writers Guild strike.[22]

text: 1993 special[edit]

text: In 1993, Ebsen, Douglas, and Baer reunited onscreen for the only time in the CBS-TV retrospective television special, The Legend of the Beverly Hillbillies, which ranked as the fourth-most watched television program of the week—a major surprise given the mediocre rating for the 1981 TV movie. It was a rare tribute from the "Tiffany network", which owed much of its success in the 1960s to the series, but has often seemed embarrassed by it in hindsight, often downplaying the show in retrospective television specials on the network's history and rarely inviting cast members to participate in such all-star broadcasts.

text: The Legend of The Beverly Hillbillies special ignored several plot twists of the TV movie, notably Jethro was now not a film director, but a leading Los Angeles physician. Critter-loving Elly May was still in California with her animals, but Jed was back home in the Hills, having lost his fortune, stolen by the now-imprisoned banker Drysdale. Nancy Kulp had died in 1991 and was little referred to beyond the multitude of film clips that dotted the special. The special was released on VHS tape by CBS/Fox Video in 1995 and as a bonus feature on the Official Third Season DVD Set in 2009.

text: Syndication[edit]

text: The Beverly Hillbillies is still televised daily around the world in syndication. In the United States, the show is broadcast currently on MeTV, and was previously on Nick at Nite, The Hallmark Channel, and WGN America.[23] A limited number of episodes from the earlier portions of the series run have turned up in the public domain and as such are seen occasionally on many smaller networks such as Retro TV and MyFamily TV.

text: MeTV Network airs The Beverly Hillbillies Monday-Saturday at 7 A.M.

text: The show is distributed by CBS Television Distribution, the syndication arm of CBS Television Studios and the CBS network. It was previously distributed by CBS Films, Viacom Enterprises, Paramount Domestic Television, and CBS Paramount Domestic Television (all through corporate changes involving TV distribution rights to the early CBS library). The repeats of the show that debuted on CBS Daytime on September 5–9, 1966, as "Mornin' Beverly Hillbillies" through September 10, 1971 and on September 13–17, 1971 as "The Beverly Hillbillies" lasted up to winter 1971–72. It aired at 11:00–11:30 am Eastern/10:00-10:30 am Central through September 3, 1971, then moved to 10:30–11:00 am Eastern/9:30–10:00 am Central for the last season on CBS Daytime.[citation needed]

text: Home media and legal status[edit]

text: Fifty-five episodes of the series are in the public domain (all 36 season-one episodes and 19 season-two episodes), because Orion Television, successor to Filmways, neglected to renew their copyrights. As a result, these episodes have been released on home video and DVD on many low-budget labels and shown on low-power television stations and low-budget networks in 16-mm prints. In many video prints of the public domain episodes, the original theme music has been replaced by generic music due to copyright issues.

text: Before his death, Paul Henning, whose estate now holds the original film elements to the public domain episodes, authorized MPI Home Video to release the best of the first two seasons on DVD, the first "ultimate collection" of which was released in the fall of 2005. These collections include the original, uncut versions of the first season's episodes, complete with their original theme music and opening sponsor plugs. Volume 1 has, among its bonus features, the alternate, unaired version of the pilot film, The Hillbillies Of Beverly Hills (the version of the episode that sold the series to CBS), and the "cast commercials" (cast members pitching the products of the show's sponsors) originally shown at the end of each episode.

text: With the exception of the public domain episodes, the copyrights to the series were renewed by Orion Television. However, any new compilation of Hillbillies material will be copyrighted by either MPI Media Group or CBS, depending on the content of the material used.

text: For many years, 20th Century Fox, through a joint venture with CBS called CBS/Fox Video, released select episodes of Hillbillies on videocassette. After Viacom merged with CBS, Paramount Home Entertainment (the video division of Paramount Pictures, which was acquired by Viacom in 1994) took over the video rights.

text: In 2006, Paramount announced plans to release the copyrighted episodes in boxed sets through CBS DVD later that year. The show's second season (consisting of the public domain episodes from that season) was released on DVD in Region 1 on October 7, 2008 as "...The Official Second Season". The third season was released on February 17, 2009.[24] Both seasons are available to be purchased together from major online retailers. On October 1, 2013, season four was released on DVD as a Walmart exclusive.[25] It was released as a full retail release on April 15, 2014.[26] On April 26, 2016, CBS/Paramount released the complete first season on DVD.[27] The fifth season will be released on October 2, 2018.[28]

text:
DVD title

No. ofepisodes

Region 1release date

The Beverly Hillbillies (Ultimate Collection)

26

September 27, 2005

The Beverly Hillbillies (Ultimate Collection Volume 2)

27

February 28, 2006

The Beverly Hillbillies (The Official First Season)

36

April 26, 2016

The Beverly Hillbillies (The Official Second Season)

36

October 7, 2008

The Beverly Hillbillies (The Official Third Season)

34

February 17, 2009

Return of the Beverly Hillbillies (TV Movie)

—

March 12, 2013

The Beverly Hillbillies (The Official Fourth Season)

32

April 15, 2014

The Beverly Hillbillies (The Official Fifth Season)

30

October 2, 2018

text: Spin-offs and associated merchandise[edit]

text: Theatrical adaptation[edit]

text: A three-act stage play based on the pilot was written by David Rogers in 1968.[29]

text: "The Deadly Hillbillies," an interactive murder mystery, was written by John R. Logue using the core "Beverly Hillbillies" cast of characters as inspiration. This Gypsy Productions Murder Mystery Parody features characters such as "Jed Clumpett," "Daisy May Mostes," and "Jane Hatchaway."

text: Comics[edit]

text: Dell Comics adapted the series into a comic book series in 1962. The art work was provided by Henry Scarpelli.[30]

text: Feature film[edit]

text: In 1993, a movie version of The Beverly Hillbillies was released starring Jim Varney as Jed Clampett and featuring Buddy Ebsen in a cameo as Barnaby Jones, the lead character in his long-running post-Hillbillies television series.

text: Computer game[edit]

text: Based on The Beverly Hillbillies movie, a PC computer adventure game for operating system MS-DOS was developed by Synergistic Software, Inc. and published in 1993 by Capstone Software.