document_title: Mother's Day

question_text: when is mother's day celebrated in india every year

question_tokens: when is mother 's day celebrated in india every year

root

text: Mother's Day

text: Establishment of holiday

text: The modern holiday of Mother's Day was first celebrated in 1908, when Anna Jarvis held a memorial for her mother at St Andrew's Methodist Church in Grafton, West Virginia.[9] St Andrew's Methodist Church now holds the International Mother's Day Shrine.[10] Her campaign to make Mother's Day a recognized holiday in the United States began in 1905, the year her mother, Ann Reeves Jarvis, died. Ann Jarvis had been a peace activist who cared for wounded soldiers on both sides of the American Civil War, and created Mother's Day Work Clubs to address public health issues. Anna Jarvis wanted to honor her mother by continuing the work she started and to set aside a day to honor all mothers because she believed a mother is "the person who has done more for you than anyone in the world".[11]

tag: p

text: In 1908, the U.S. Congress rejected a proposal to make Mother's Day an official holiday, joking that they would also have to proclaim a "Mother-in-law's Day".[12] However, owing to the efforts of Anna Jarvis, by 1911 all U.S. states observed the holiday,[13] with some of them officially recognizing Mother's Day as a local holiday[14] (the first being West Virginia, Jarvis' home state, in 1910). In 1914, Woodrow Wilson signed a proclamation designating Mother's Day, held on the second Sunday in May, as a national holiday to honor mothers.[15]

text: Although Jarvis was successful in founding Mother's Day, she became resentful of the commercialization of the holiday. By the early 1920s, Hallmark Cards and other companies had started selling Mother's Day cards. Jarvis believed that the companies had misinterpreted and exploited the idea of Mother's Day, and that the emphasis of the holiday was on sentiment, not profit. As a result, she organized boycotts of Mother's Day, and threatened to issue lawsuits against the companies involved.[16] Jarvis argued that people should appreciate and honor their mothers through handwritten letters expressing their love and gratitude, instead of buying gifts and pre-made cards.[15] Jarvis protested at a candy makers' convention in Philadelphia in 1923, and at a meeting of American War Mothers in 1925. By this time, carnations had become associated with Mother's Day, and the selling of carnations by the American War Mothers to raise money angered Jarvis, who was arrested for disturbing the peace.[15][16]

text: Spelling

text: In 1912 Anna Jarvis trademarked the phrases "Second Sunday in May" and "Mother's Day", and created the Mother's Day International Association.[17] She specifically noted that "Mother's" should "be a singular possessive, for each family to honor its own mother, not a plural possessive commemorating all mothers in the world."[18] This is also the spelling used by U.S. President Woodrow Wilson in his 1914 presidential proclamation, by the U.S. Congress in relevant bills,[19][20] and by various U.S. presidents in their proclamations concerning Mother's Day.[21]

text: Dates around the world

text: While the United States holiday was adopted by some other countries, existing celebrations, held on different dates, honouring motherhood have become described as "Mother's Day", such as Mothering Sunday in the United Kingdom[5] or, in Greece, the Eastern Orthodox celebration of the presentation of Jesus Christ to the temple (2 February of Julian Calendar). Both the secular and religious Mother Day are present in Greece.[citation needed] Mothering Sunday is often referred to as "Mother's Day" even though it is an unrelated celebration.[5]

text: In some countries, the date adopted is one significant to the majority religion, such as Virgin Mary Day in Catholic countries. Other countries selected a date with historical significance. For example, Bolivia's Mother's Day is the date of a battle in which women participated.[22] See the "International history and tradition" section for the complete list.

text: Some ex-communist countries, such as Russia, celebrated International Women's Day instead of Mother's Day[23] or simply celebrate both holidays, which is the custom in Ukraine. Kyrgyzstan has recently introduced Mother's Day, but "year on year [International Women's Day] is certainly increasing in status".[24]

text: This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (May 2015) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

tag: table

text:
Gregorian calendar

Occurrence
Dates
Country

Second Sunday of February

Feb 12, 2017
Feb 11, 2018
Feb 10, 2019

 Norway

3 March

 Georgia[25]

8 March (with International Women's Day)

 Afghanistan
 Albania
 Armenia
 Azerbaijan
 Belarus
 Bosnia and Herzegovina
 Bulgaria
 Burundi
 Burkina Faso
 Kazakhstan
 Kosovo
 Laos
 Macedonia
 Moldova
 Montenegro
 Romania
 Russia
 Serbia
 Tajikistan
 Uzbekistan
 Vietnam[26]

Fourth Sunday in Lent (Mothering Sunday)

26 Mar 2017
11 Mar 2018
31 Mar 2019

 Guernsey
 Ireland
 Isle of Man
 Jersey
 Nigeria
 United Kingdom[27]

21 March
(Spring equinox)

 Bahrain[28]
 Comoros
 Djibouti
 Egypt[28]
 Iraq
 Jordan[28]
 Kuwait[28]
 Libya[28]
 Lebanon[29][30]
 Mauritania
 Oman[28]
 Palestine[28][30]
 Qatar[28]
 Saudi Arabia[citation needed]
 Somalia
 Sudan[28]
 Syria[28]
 United Arab Emirates[28]
 Yemen

25 March

 Slovenia

7 April (Annunciation day)

 Armenia (Motherhood and Beauty Day)

First Sunday of May

May 7, 2017
May 6, 2018
May 5, 2019

 Angola
 Cape Verde
 Hungary
 Lithuania
 Mozambique
 Portugal
 Spain

8 May

 South Korea (Parents' Day)

10 May

 El Salvador
 Guatemala
 Mexico

Second Sunday of May

May 14, 2017
May 13, 2018
May 12, 2019
May 10, 2020

 Anguilla
 Antigua and Barbuda
 Aruba
 Australia
 Austria
 Bahamas
 Bangladesh
 Barbados
 Belgium
 Belize
 Bermuda
 Bhutan
 Bonaire
 Botswana
 Brazil
 Brunei
 Canada
 Cambodia
 Cayman Islands
 Central African Republic
 Chad
 Chile[31]
 China[32]
 Colombia
 Congo, Dem. Rep.
 Congo, Rep.
 Cote d'Ivoire
 Croatia
 Cuba[33]
 Curaçao
 Cyprus
 Czech Republic[34]
 Denmark
 Dominica
 Ecuador
 Equatorial Guinea
 Estonia
 Ethiopia
 Faroe Islands
 Fiji
 Finland
 Germany
 Gabon
 Gambia
 Greenland
 Ghana
 Greece
 Grenada
 Guyana
 Honduras
 Hong Kong
 Iceland
 India
 Italy
 Jamaica
 Japan
 Kenya
 Latvia
 Liberia
 Liechtenstein
 Macau
 Malaysia
 Malta
 Myanmar
 Namibia
 Netherlands
 New Zealand
 Pakistan
 Papua New Guinea
 Peru[35]
 Philippines
 Puerto Rico
 Saint Kitts and Nevis
 Saint Lucia
 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
 Samoa
 Singapore
 Sint Maarten
 Slovakia[34]
 South Africa[36]
 Sri Lanka
 Suriname
  Switzerland
 Taiwan
 Tanzania
 Tonga
 Trinidad and Tobago
 Turkey
 Uganda
 Ukraine
 United States
 Uruguay
 Vietnam[26]
 Venezuela
 Zambia
 Zimbabwe

14 May

 Benin

15 May

 Paraguay (same day as Día de la Patria)[37]

19 May

 Kyrgyzstan (Russian: День матери, Kyrgyz: Энэ күнү)

22 May

 Israel (new)[38]

26 May

 Poland (Polish: Dzień Matki)

27 May

 Bolivia[22]

Last Sunday of May (sometimes First Sunday of June if the last Sunday of May is Pentecost)

May 28, 2017
May 27, 2018
May 26, 2019

 Algeria
 Cameroon
 Dominican Republic
 France[27] (First Sunday of June if Pentecost occurs on this day)

French Antilles (First Sunday of June if Pentecost occurs on this day)

 Madagascar
 Mali
 Morocco
 Niger
 Haiti[39]
 Mauritius
 Senegal
 Sweden
 Tunisia

30 May

 Nicaragua[40]

1 June

 Mongolia (together with Children's Day)

Second Sunday of June

Jun 11, 2017
Jun 10, 2018
Jun 9, 2019

 Luxembourg

First Monday of July

Jul 3, 2017
Jul 2, 2018
Jul 1, 2019

 South Sudan

12 August

 Thailand (birthday of Queen Sirikit)

15 August (Assumption of Mary)

 Costa Rica
 Antwerp (Belgium)

14 October

 Belarus (since 1996[41])

15 October

 Malawi (Observed on 15 October or following work day)

Third Sunday of October

Oct 15, 2017
Oct 21, 2018
Oct 20, 2019

 Argentina (Día de la Madre)[42]

3 November

 Timor Leste

16 November

 North Korea[43]

Last Sunday of November

 Russia

8 December (Feast of the Immaculate Conception)

 Panama[44]

22 December

 Indonesia[45]

Hebrew calendars

Occurrence
Equivalent Gregorian dates
Country

Shevat 30

Between 30 January and 1 March- Family Day

 Israel[38]

Hindu calendars

Occurrence
Equivalent Gregorian dates
Country

Baisakh[46] Amavasya (Mata Tirtha Aunsi[47])

Between 19 April and 19 May
6 May 2016 [46]
26 April 2017

   Nepal

Persian calendars

Occurrence
Equivalent Gregorian dates
Country

21 Ordibehesht[n 1]

20 April 2014
10 April 2015
30 March 2016

 Iran[48]

text: International history and tradition

text: This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (March 2016) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

text: In most countries, Mother's Day is an observance derived from the holiday as it has evolved in the United States, promoted by companies who saw benefit in making it popular.[6] As adopted by other countries and cultures, the holiday has different meanings, is associated with different events (religious, historical or legendary), and is celebrated on different dates.

text: In some cases, countries already had existing celebrations honoring motherhood, and their celebrations then adopted several external characteristics from the US holiday, such as giving carnations and other presents to one's mother.

text: The extent of the celebrations varies greatly. In some countries, it is potentially offensive to one's mother not to mark Mother's Day. In others, it is a little-known festival celebrated mainly by immigrants, or covered by the media as a taste of foreign culture.[citation needed]

text: Religion

text: In the Roman Catholic Church, the holiday is strongly associated with revering the Virgin Mary.[49] In some Catholic homes, families have a special shrine devoted to the Blessed Virgin Mary. In many Eastern Catholic and Eastern Orthodox Churches, a special prayer service is held in honor of the Theotokos Virgin Mary.[50][citation needed]

text: In Islam there is no concept of Mother's Day, but the Quran teaches that children should give priority to loving their mother over their father.[51]

text: In Hindu tradition, Mother's Day is called "Mata Tirtha Aunshi" or "Mother Pilgrimage fortnight", and is celebrated in countries with a Hindu population, especially in Nepal. The holiday is observed on the new moon day in the month of Baisakh, i.e., April/May. This celebration is based on Hindu religion and it pre-dates the creation of the US-inspired celebration by at least a few centuries.[citation needed]

text: In Buddhism, the festival of Ullambana is derived from the story of Maudgalyayana and his mother.[52]

text: By country (A–G)

text: Albania

text: Mother's day is celebrated in 8 March . The origin of the 8th of March holiday dates back to 1908 and is associated with a tragic event. A group of workers at a textile factory in New York strikes against extreme working conditions. On 8 March, the factory was shut down and the workers remained trapped inside. Suddenly a fire broke out, where 129 mothers died.

text: Arab world

text: Mother's Day in most Arab countries is celebrated on 21 March. It was introduced in Egypt by journalist Mustafa Amin[53] and was first celebrated in 1956.[54] The practice has since been copied by other Arab countries.[citation needed]

text: Argentina

text: In Argentina, Mother's Day is celebrated on the third Sunday of October. The holiday was originally celebrated on 11 October, the old liturgical date for the celebration of the Maternity of the Blessed Virgin Mary but after the Second Vatican Council, which moved the Virgin Mary festivity to 1 January, the Mother's Day started to be celebrated the third Sunday of October because of popular tradition.[42] Argentina is the only country in the world that celebrates Mother's Day on this date.[citation needed]

text: Armenia

text: In Armenia, Mother's Day is celebrated on 8 March, and on 7 April as Maternity and Beauty Day.

text: Australia

text: In Australia, Mother's Day is celebrated on the second Sunday in May. The tradition of giving gifts to mothers on Mother's Day in Australia was started by Janet Heyden,[55] a resident of Leichhardt, Sydney, in 1924. She began the tradition during a visit to a patient at the Newington State Home for Women, where she met many lonely and forgotten mothers. To cheer them up, she rounded up support from local school children and businesses to donate and bring gifts to the women. Every year thereafter, Mrs Heyden raised increasing support for the project from local businesses and even the local Mayor. The day has since become commercialised.

text: Belarus

text: Belarus celebrates Mother's Day on 14 October. Like other ex-Communist republics, Belarus used to celebrate only International Women's Day on 8 March. Mother's Day in Belarus was officially established by the Belarusian government, and it was celebrated for the first time in 1996.[41] The celebration of the Virgin Mary (the holiday of Protection of the Holy Mother of God) is celebrated in the same day.[56]

text: Bhutan

text: Mother's Day in Bhutan is celebrated on 8 May. It was introduced in Bhutan by the Tourism Council of Bhutan.[57]

text: Belgium

text: In Belgium, Mother's Day (Moederdag or Moederkesdag in Dutch and Fête des Mères in French) is celebrated on the second Sunday of May. In the week before this holiday children make little presents at primary school, which they give to their mothers in the early morning of Mother's Day. Typically, the father will buy croissants and other sweet breads and pastries and bring these to the mother while she is still in bed – the beginning of a day of pampering for the mother. There are also many people who celebrate Mother's Day on 15 August instead; these are mostly people around Antwerp, who consider that day (Assumption) the classical Mother's Day and the observance in May an invention for commercial reasons. It was originally established on that day as the result of a campaign by Frans Van Kuyck, a painter and Alderman from Antwerp.[citation needed]

text: Bolivia

text: In Bolivia, Mother's Day is celebrated on 27 May. El Día de la Madre Boliviana was passed into law on 8 November 1927, during the presidency of Hernando Siles Reyes. The date commemorates the Battle of La Coronilla, which took place on 27 May 1812, during the Bolivian War of Independence, in what is now the city of Cochabamba. In this battle, women fighting for the country's independence were slaughtered by the Spanish army. It is not a public holiday, but all schools hold activities and festivities throughout the day.[22]

text: Brazil

text: In Brazil, Mother's Day is celebrated on the second Sunday of May. The first Mother's Day in Brazil was promoted by Associação Cristã de Moços de Porto Alegre (Young Men's Christian Association of Porto Alegre) on 12 May 1918. In 1932, then President Getúlio Vargas made the second Sunday of May the official date for Mother's Day. In 1947, Archbishop Jaime de Barros Câmara, Cardinal-Archbishop of Rio de Janeiro, decided that this holiday would also be included in the official calendar of the Catholic Church.[citation needed]

text: Mother's Day is not an official holiday (see Public holidays in Brazil), but it is widely observed and typically involves spending time with and giving gifts to one's mother. Because of this, it is considered one of the celebrations most related to consumerism in the country, second only to Christmas Day as the most commercially lucrative holiday.[58]

text: Canada

text: Mother's Day in Canada is celebrated on the second Sunday in May (it is not a public holiday or bank holiday), and typically involves small celebrations and gift-giving to one's mother, grandmother, or other important female figures in one's family.[citation needed] Celebratory practices are very similar to those of other western nations. A Québécois tradition is for Québécois men to offer roses or other flowers to the women.[citation needed]

text: China

text: Mother's Day is becoming more popular in China. Carnations are a very popular Mother's Day gift and the most sold flowers in relation to the day.[59] In 1997 Mother's Day was set as the day to help poor mothers and to remind people of the poor mothers in rural areas such as China's western region.[59] In the People's Daily, the Chinese government's official newspaper, an article explained that "despite originating in the United States, people in China accept the holiday without hesitation because it is in line with the country's traditional ethics – respect for the elderly and filial piety towards parents."[59]

text: In recent years, the Communist Party member Li Hanqiu began to advocate for the official adoption of Mother's Day in memory of Meng Mu, the mother of Mèng Zǐ. He formed a non-governmental organization called Chinese Mothers' Festival Promotion Society, with the support of 100 Confucian scholars and lecturers of ethics.[60][61] Li and the Society want to replace the Western-style gift of carnations with lilies, which, in ancient times, were planted by Chinese mothers when children left home.[61] Mother's Day remains an unofficial festival, except in a small number of cities.[citation needed]

text: Czech Republic

text: In the Czech Republic, Mother's Day is celebrated every second Sunday in May. It started in former Czechoslovakia in 1923.[34] The promoter of this celebration was Alice Masaryková.[34] After World War II communists replaced Mother's Day with International Woman's Day, celebrated on 8 March.[34] The former Czechoslovakia celebrated Women's Day until the Velvet Revolution in 1989.[34] After the split of the country in 1993, the Czech Republic started celebrating Mother's Day again.[34]

text: Egypt

text: Mother's Day in Egypt is celebrated on 21 March, the first day of spring in the northern hemisphere. It was introduced in Egypt by journalist Mustafa Amin[53] in his book Smiling America (1943). The idea was overlooked at the time. Later Amin heard the story of a widowed mother who devoted her whole life to raising her son until he became a doctor. The son then married and left without showing any gratitude to his mother. Hearing this, Amin became motivated to promote "Mother's Day". The idea was first ridiculed by president Gamal Abdel Nasser but he eventually accepted it and Mother's Day was first celebrated on 21 March 1956. The practice has since been copied by other Arab countries.[citation needed]

text: When Mustafa Amin was arrested and imprisoned, there were attempts to change the name of the holiday from "Mother's Day" to "Family Day" as the government wished to prevent the occasion from reminding people of its founder. These attempts were unsuccessful and celebrations continued to be held on that day; classic songs celebrating mothers remain famous to this day.[citation needed]

text: Ethiopia

text: Mother's Day is celebrated for three days in Ethiopia, after the end of rainy season. It comes in mid-fall where people enjoy a three-day feast called "Antrosht".[62]

text: For the feast, ingredients will be brought by the children for a traditional hash recipe. The ingredients are divided along genders, with girls bringing spices, vegetables, cheese and butter, while the boys bring a lamb or bull. The mother hands out to the family the hash.[63]

text: A celebration takes place after the meal. The mothers and daughters anoint themselves using butter on their faces and chests. While honoring their family and heroes, men sing songs.[64]

text: Estonia

text: In Estonia, Mother's Day (emadepäev in Estonian) is celebrated on the second Sunday of May. It is recognized nationally, but is not a public holiday.[65]

text: Finland

text: In Finland, Mother's Day (äitienpäivä in Finnish) is celebrated on the second Sunday of May. It is recognized nationally, and is a public holiday. It is usually celebrated at homes where children or grandchildren bring Mother´s day cards that they have drawn to their mothers and grandmothers. Usually some food, coffee and cakes are served for guests. Grown up children visit their parents homes and bring traditionally Mother´s day roses or other flowers accompanied with a Mother´s day card. The president of Finland honors with medals every year some mothers who have done something exceptional and positive during the year.[66]

text: France

text: In France, amidst alarm at the low birth rate, there were attempts in 1896 and 1904 to create a national celebration honoring the mothers of large families.[67] In 1906 ten mothers who had nine children each were given an award recognising "High Maternal Merit" ("Haut mérite maternel").[68] American World War I soldiers fighting in France popularized the US Mother's Day holiday created by Anna Jarvis. They sent so much mail back to their country for Mother's Day that the Union Franco-Américaine created a postal card for that purpose.[67] In 1918, also inspired by Jarvis, the town of Lyon wanted to celebrate a "journée des Mères", but instead decided to celebrate a "Journée Nationale des Mères de familles nombreuses." The holiday was more inspired by anti-depopulation efforts than by the US holiday, with medals awarded to the mothers of large families.[67] The French government made the day official in 1920 as a day for mothers of large families.[69] Since then the French government awards the Médaille de la Famille française to mothers of large families.[citation needed]

text: In 1941, by initiative of Philippe Pétain, the wartime Vichy government used the celebration in support of their policy to encourage larger families, but all mothers were now honored, even mothers with smaller families.[69]

text: In 1950, after the war, the celebration was reinstated. The law of 24 May 1950 required (in Article 1) that the Republic pay official homage to French Mothers. Article 2 stated it should be celebrated on the last Sunday in May as the "Fête des Mères" (except when Pentecost fell on that day, in which case it was moved to the first Sunday in June). Article 3 stated that all expenditure shall be covered from the budget of the Ministry of Public Health and Population.[70]

text: During the 1950s, the celebration lost all its patriotic and natalist ideologies, and became heavily commercialized.[67]

text: In 1956, the celebration was given a budget and integrated into the new Code de l'action Sociale et des familles. In 2004 responsibility for the holiday was transferred to the Minister responsible for families.[citation needed]

text: Georgia

text: Georgia celebrates Mother's Day on 3 March. It was declared by the first President of Georgia Zviad Gamsakhurdia in order to replace the International Women Day, and it was officially approved by the Supreme Council in 1991. Nowadays Georgia celebrates both Mother's Day on 3 March and International Women's Day on 8 March.[25]

text: Germany

text: In the 1920s, Germany had the lowest birthrate in Europe, and the declining trend was continuing. This was attributed to women's participation in the labor market. At the same time, influential groups in society (politicians of left and right, churchwomen, and feminists) believed that mothers should be honored but could not agree on how to do so. However, all groups strongly agreed on the promotion of the values of motherhood. In 1923, this resulted in the unanimous adoption of Muttertag, the Mother's Day holiday as imported from America[citation needed] and Norway. The head of the Association of German Florists cited "the inner conflict of our Volk and the loosening of the family" as his reason for introducing the holiday. He expected that the holiday would unite the divided country. In 1925, the Mother's Day Committee joined the task force for the recovery of the volk, and the holiday stopped depending on commercial interests and began emphasizing the need to increase the population in Germany by promoting motherhood.[71]

text: The holiday was then seen as a means to encourage women to bear more children, which nationalists saw as a way to rejuvenate the nation. The holiday did not celebrate individual women, but an idealized standard of motherhood. The progressive forces resisted the implementation of the holiday because it was backed by so many conservatives, and because they saw it as a way to eliminate the rights of working women. Die Frau, the newspaper of the Federation of German Women's Associations, refused to recognize the holiday. Many local authorities adopted their own interpretation of the holiday: it would be a day to support economically larger families or single-mother families. The guidelines for the subsidies had eugenics criteria, but there is no indication that social workers ever implemented them in practice, and subsidies were given preferentially to families in economic need rather than to families with more children or "healthier" children.[71]

text: With the Nazi party in power during 1933–1945, the situation changed radically. The promotion of Mother's Day increased in many European countries, including the UK and France. From the position of the German Nazi government, the role of mothers was to give healthy children to the German nation. The Nazi party's intention was to create a pure "Aryan race" according to nazi eugenics. Among other Mother's Day ideas, the government promoted the death of a mother's sons in battle as the highest embodiment of patriotic motherhood.[71][72]

text: The Nazis quickly declared Mother's Day an official holiday and put it under the control of the NSV (National Socialist People's Welfare Association) and the NSF (National Socialist Women Organization). This created conflicts with other organizations that resented Nazi control of the holiday, including Catholic and Protestant churches and local women's organizations. Local authorities resisted the guidelines from the Nazi government and continued assigning resources to families who were in economic need, much to the dismay of the Nazi officials.[71]

text: In 1938, the government began issuing an award called Mother's Cross (Mutterkreuz), according to categories that depended on the number of children a mother had. The medal was awarded on Mother's Day and also on other holidays due to the large number of recipients. The Cross was an effort to encourage women to have more children, and recipients were required to have at least four.[71][72]

text: By country (H–M)

text: Hungary

text: In Hungary, Mother's Day is celebrated on the first Sunday of May. It was first celebrated in 1925 by the Hungarian Red Cross Youth.[citation needed]

text: India

text: The modern Mother's Day has been assimilated into Indian culture,[73] and it is celebrated every year on the second Sunday of May.[74] Indians do not celebrate the occasion as a religious event, and it is celebrated primarily in urban centers.

text: Indonesia

text: Indonesian Mother's Day (Indonesian: Hari Ibu) is celebrated nationally on 22 December. The date was made an official holiday by President Soekarno under Presidential Decree (Indonesian: Dekrit Presiden) no. 316 in 1953, on the 25th anniversary of the 1928 Indonesian Women Congress. The day originally sought to celebrate the spirit of Indonesian women and to improve the condition of the nation. Today, the meaning of Mother's Day has changed, and it is celebrated by expressing love and gratitude to mothers. People present gifts to mothers (such as flowers) and hold surprise parties and competitions, which include cooking and kebaya wearing. People also allow mothers a day off from domestic chores.[75]

text: The holiday is celebrated on the anniversary of the opening day of the first Indonesian Women Congress (Indonesian: Kongres Perempuan Indonesia), which was held from 22 to 25 December 1928.[45][76] The Congress took place in a building called Dalem Jayadipuran, which now serves as the office of the Center of History and Traditional Values Preservation (Indonesian: Balai Pelestarian Sejarah dan Nilai Tradisional) in Brigjen Katamso Street, Yogyakarta. The Congress was attended by 30 feminist organizations from 12 cities in Java and Sumatra. In Indonesia, feminist organizations have existed since 1912, inspired by Indonesian heroines of the 19th century, e.g., Kartini, Martha Christina Tiahahu, Cut Nyak Meutia, Maria Walanda Maramis, Dewi Sartika, Nyai Ahmad Dahlan, Rasuna Said, etc.[45] The Congress intended to improve women's rights in education and marriage.[77]

text: Indonesia also celebrates the Kartini Day (Indonesian: Hari Kartini) on 21 April, in memory of activist Raden Ajeng Kartini. This is a celebration of the emancipation of women.[76] The observance was instituted at the 1938 Indonesian Women Congress.[77]

text: During President Suharto's New Order (1965–1998), government propaganda used Mother's Day and Kartini Day to inculcate into women the idea that they should be docile and stay at home.[77]

text: Iran

text: In Iran, Mother's Day is celebrated on 20 Jumada al-thani. This is the sixth month in the Islamic calendar (a lunar calendar) and every year the holiday falls on a different day of the Gregorian calendar. This is the birthday anniversary of Fatimah, Prophet Muhammad's only daughter according to Shia Islam.[48][78] On this day, banners reading "Ya Fatemeah (O! Fatemeh)" are displayed on "government buildings, private buildings, public streets and car windows."[48] Mother's Day was originally observed on 16 December but the date was changed after the Iranian Revolution in 1979. The celebration is both Women's Day (replacing International Women's Day) and Mother's Day.[48][79]

text: In 1960, the Institute for Women Protection adopted the Western holiday and established it on 25 Azar (16 December), the date the Institute was founded. The Institute's action had the support of Queen Farah Pahlavi, the wife of the last Shah of Persia, who promoted the construction of maternity clinics in remote parts of the country to commemorate the day.[80] Pahlavi regime used the holiday to promote "gender ideologies" of the regime.[48] The Shah's government honored and gave awards to women who represented the idealized view of the regime, including mothers who had many healthy children.[80]

text: According to Shahla Haeri, the Islamic Republic government has used the holiday to "control and channel women's movements" and to promote role models for the traditional concept of family.[81] Fatimah is seen by these critics as the chosen model of a woman completely dedicated to certain traditionally sanctioned feminine roles.[82] However, supporters of the choice contend that there is much more to her life story than simply such "traditional" roles.[83]

text: Israel

text: The Jewish population of Israel used to celebrate Mother's Day on Shevat 30 of the Jewish calendar, which falls between 30 January and 1 March. The celebration was set as the same date that Henrietta Szold died (13 February 1945). Henrietta had no biological children, but her organization Youth Aliyah rescued many Jewish children from Nazi Germany and provided for them. She also championed children's rights. Szold is considered the "mother" of all those children, and that is why her annual remembrance day (יום השנה) was set as Mother's Day (יוֹם הָאֵם, yom ha'em). The holiday has evolved over time, becoming a celebration of mutual love inside the family, called Family Day (יוֹם הַמִשְּפָּחָה, yom hamishpacha). This holiday is mainly celebrated in preschools with an activity to which parents are invited. Mother's Day is mainly celebrated by children at kindergartens. There are no longer mutual gifts among members of the family, and there is no longer any commercialization of the celebration. It is not an official holiday.[38]

text: Italy

text: Mother's Day in Italy was celebrated for the first time on 24 December 1933 as the "Day of the mother and the child" (Giornata della madre e del fanciullo). It was instituted by the Opera nazionale maternità e infanzia in order to publicly reward the most prolific Italian women every year.[84]

text: After World War II, Mother's Day was first celebrated on 12 May 1957 in Assisi, at the initiative of Reverend Otello Migliosi, the parish priest of the Tordibetto church.[85] This celebration was so popular that in the following year Mother's Day was adopted throughout Italy. On 18 December 1958, a proposal was presented to the Italian Senate to make the holiday official.[86]

text: Japan

text: In Japan, Mother's Day (母の日, Haha no Hi) was initially commemorated during the Shōwa period as the birthday of Empress Kōjun (mother of Emperor Akihito) on 6 March. This was established in 1931 when the Imperial Women's Union was organized. In 1937, the first meeting of "Praise Mothers" was held on 8 May, and in 1949 Japanese society adopted the second Sunday of May as the official date for Mother's Day in Japan. Today, people typically give their mothers gifts of flowers such as red carnations and roses.[citation needed]Japan is most known for giving carnations on Mother's Day.

text: Kyrgyzstan

text: In Kyrgyzstan, Mother's Day is celebrated on 19 May every year. The holiday was first celebrated in 2012.[87] Mothers are also honored on International Women's Day[88]

text: Latvia

text: Mother's Day in Latvia was celebrated for the first time in 1922. Since 1934, Mother's Day is celebrated on the second Sunday of May.[89] After the end of the soviet occupation of Baltic states celebration was resumed in 1992.[90] Mothers are also honored on International Women's Day.[citation needed]

text: Lithuania

text: Mother's Day in Lithuania was celebrated for the first time in 1928. In Lithuania, Mother's Day is celebrated on the first Sunday of May.

text: Malawi

text: In Malawi. Mother's Day is a public holiday. The day is observed on 15 October or the following workday. It is celebrated on the UN's World Rural Women's Day.

text: Maldives

text: In the Maldives, Mother's Day is celebrated on 13 May. The day is celebrated in different ways. Children give gifts and spend time with their mothers. Daughters give their mothers cards and handmade gifts and sons give their mothers gifts and flowers. Maldivians love to celebrate Mother's day, and they have it specially written on their calendar.[citation needed]

text: Malta

text: The first mention of Mother's Day in Malta occurred during the Radio Children's Programmes run by Frans H. Said in May 1961. Within a few years, Mother's Day became one of the most popular dates in the Maltese calendar. In Malta, this day is commemorated on the second Sunday in May. Mothers are invariably given gifts and invited for lunch, usually at a good quality restaurant.[citation needed]

text: Mexico

text: In Mexico, the government of Álvaro Obregón imported the Mother's Day holiday from the US in 1922, and the newspaper Excélsior held a massive promotional campaign for the holiday that year.[91] The conservative government tried to use the holiday to promote a more conservative role for mothers in families, but that perspective was criticized by the socialists as promoting an unrealistic image of a woman who was not good for much more than breeding.[91]

text: In the mid-1930s, the leftist government of Lázaro Cárdenas promoted the holiday as a "patriotic festival". The Cárdenas government tried to use the holiday as a vehicle for various efforts: to stress the importance of families as the basis for national development; to benefit from the loyalty that Mexicans felt towards their mothers; to introduce new morals to Mexican women; and to reduce the influence that the church and the Catholic right exerted over women.[92] The government sponsored the holiday in the schools.[92] However, ignoring the strict guidelines from the government, theatre plays were filled with religious icons and themes. Consequently, the "national celebrations" became "religious fiestas" despite the efforts of the government.[92]

text: Soledad Orozco García, the wife of President Manuel Ávila Camacho, promoted the holiday during the 1940s, resulting in an important state-sponsored celebration.[93] The 1942 celebration lasted a full week and included an announcement that all women could reclaim their pawned sewing machines from the Monte de Piedad at no cost.[93]

text: Due to Orozco's promotion, the Catholic National Synarchist Union (UNS) took heed of the holiday around 1941.[94] Shop-owner members of the Party of the Mexican Revolution (now the Institutional Revolutionary Party) observed a custom allowing women from humble classes to pick a free Mother's Day gift from a shop to bring home to their families. The Synarchists worried that this promoted both materialism and the idleness of lower classes, and in turn, reinforced the systemic social problems of the country.[95] Currently this holiday practice is viewed as very conservative, but the 1940s' UNS saw Mother's Day as part of the larger debate on the modernization that was happening at the time.[96] This economic modernization was inspired by US models and was sponsored by the state. The fact that the holiday was originally imported from the US was seen as evidence of an attempt at imposing capitalism and materialism in Mexican society.[96]

text: The UNS and the clergy of the city of León interpreted the government's actions as an effort to secularize the holiday and to promote a more active role for women in society. They concluded that the government's long-term goal was to cause women to abandon their traditional roles at home in order to spiritually weaken men.[96] They also saw the holiday as an attempt to secularize the cult to the Virgin Mary, inside a larger effort to dechristianize several holidays. The government sought to counter these claims by organizing widespread masses and asking religious women to assist with the state-sponsored events in order to "depaganize" them.[97] The clergy preferred to promote 2 July celebration of the Santísima Virgen de la Luz, the patron of León, Guanajuato, in replacement of Mother's Day.[94] In 1942, at the same time as Soledad's greatest celebration of Mother's Day, the clergy organized the 210th celebration of the Virgin Mary with a large parade in León.[97]

text: There is a consensus among scholars that the Mexican government abandoned its revolutionary initiatives during the 1940s, including its efforts to influence Mother's Day.[94]

text: Today the "Día de las Madres" is an unofficial holiday in Mexico held each year on 10 May,[98] the day on which it was first celebrated in Mexico.[99]

text: In Mexico, to show affection and appreciation to the mother, it is traditional to start the celebration with the famous song "Las Mañanitas", either a cappella, with the help of a mariachi or a contracted trio. Many families usually gather to celebrate this special day trying to spend as much time as possible with mothers to honor them on their day. They are organized to bring some dishes and eat all together or maybe to visit any restaurant.[citation needed]

text: By country (N–S)

text: Nepal

text: In Nepal, there is a festival equivalent to Mother's Day, called Mata Tirtha Aunsi ("Mother Pilgrimage New Moon"), or Mata Tirtha Puja ("Mother Pilgrimage Worship"). It is celebrated according to the lunar calendar. It falls on the last day of the dark fortnight in the month of Baishakh which falls in April–May (in 2015, it will occur on 18 April). The dark fortnight lasts for 15 days from the full moon to the new moon. This festival is observed to commemorate and honor mothers, and it is celebrated by giving gifts to mothers and remembering mothers who are no more.[citation needed]

text: To honor mothers who have died, it is the tradition to go on a pilgrimage to the Mata Tirtha ponds, located 6 km to the southwest of downtown Kathmandu. The nearby Mata Tirtha village is named after these ponds. Previously, the tradition was observed primarily by the Newar community and other people living in the Kathmandu Valley. Now this festival is widely celebrated across the country.[citation needed]

text: Many tragic folklore legends have been created, suggesting different reasons why this pond became a pilgrimage site. The most popular version says that, in ancient times, the mother of a shepherd died, and he made offerings to a nearby pond. There he saw the face of his mother in the water, with her hand taking the offerings. Since then, many people visited the pond, hoping to see their deceased mother's face. Pilgrims believe that they will bring peace to their mothers' souls by visiting the sacred place. There are two ponds. The larger one is for ritual bathing. The smaller one is used to "look upon mother's face", and is fenced by iron bars to prevent people from bathing in it.[citation needed]

text: Traditionally, in the Kathmandu valley the South-Western corner is reserved for women and women-related rituals, and the North-Eastern is for men and men-related rituals. The worship place for Mata Tirtha Aunsi is located in Mata Tirtha in the South-Western half of the valley, while the worship place for Gokarna Aunsi, the equivalent celebration for deceased fathers, is located in Gokarna, Nepal, in the North-Eastern half. This division is reflected in many aspects of the life in Kathmandu valley.[100]

text: Mother's Day is known as Aama ko Mukh Herne Din in Nepali, which literally means "day to see mother's face". In Nepal Bhasa, the festival is known as Mām yā Khwā Swayegu, which can be translated as "to look upon mother's face".[citation needed]

text: Netherlands

text: In the Netherlands, Mother's Day was introduced as early as 1910 by the Dutch branch of the Salvation Army.[101] The Royal Dutch Society for Horticulture and Botany, a group protecting the interest of Dutch florists, worked to promote the holiday; they hoped to emulate the commercial success achieved by American florists.[102] They were imitating the campaign already underway by florists in Germany and Austria, but they were aware that the traditions had originated in the US.[102]

text: Florists launched a major promotional effort in 1925. This included the publication of a book of articles written by famous intellectuals, radio broadcasts, newspapers ads, and the collaboration of priests and teachers who wanted to promote the celebration for their own reasons.[102] In 1931 the second Sunday of May was adopted as the official celebration date. In the mid-1930s the slogan Moederdag – Bloemendag (Mother's Day – Flowers' Day) was coined, and the phrase was popular for many years.[103] In the 1930s and 1940's "Mother's Day cakes" were given as gifts in hospitals and to the Dutch Queen, who is known as the "mother of the country".[103] Other trade groups tried to cash in on the holiday and to give new meaning to the holiday in order to promote their own wares as gifts.[103]

text: Roman Catholic priests complained that the holiday interfered with the honoring of the Virgin Mary, the divine mother, which took place during the whole month of May. In 1926 Mother's Day was celebrated on 7 July in order to address these complaints.[104] Catholic organizations and priests tried to Christianize the holiday, but those attempts were rendered futile around the 1960s when the church lost influence and the holiday was completely secularized.[104]

text: In later years, the initial resistance disappeared, and even leftist newspapers stopped their criticism and endorsed Mother's Day.[105]

text: In the 1980s, the American origin of the holiday was still not widely known, so feminist groups who opposed the perpetuation of gender roles sometimes claimed that Mother's Day was invented by Nazis and celebrated on the birthday of Klara Hitler, Hitler's mother.[106]

text: New Zealand

text: In New Zealand, Mother's Day is celebrated on the second Sunday in May. Mother's Day is not a public holiday. The New Zealand tradition is to give cards and gifts and to serve mothers breakfast in bed.[citation needed]

text: Nicaragua

text: In Nicaragua, the Día de la Madre has been celebrated on 30 May since the early 1940s. The date was chosen by President Anastasio Somoza García because it was the birthday of Casimira Sacasa, his wife's mother.[40]

text: North Korea

text: Mother's Day is celebrated on 16 November as a public holiday in North Korea. The date takes its significance from the First National Meeting of Mothers held in 1961, for which Kim Il-sung, the leader of the country, published a work called The Duty of Mothers in the Education of Children. The date was designated as Mother's Day in May 2012 by the Presidium of the Supreme People's Assembly but only became a public holiday and appeared on the North Korean calendar starting in 2015.[43]

text: Norway

text: Mother's Day was first celebrated on 9 February 1919 and was initially organized by religious institutions. Later it has become a family day, and the mother is often treated to breakfast in bed, flowers and cake.[107][better source needed]

text: It has gradually become a major commercial event, with special pastries, flowers and other presents offered by retailers. Day-cares and primary schools often encourage children to make cards and other gifts.[citation needed]

text: Pakistan

text: In Pakistan, Mother's Day is celebrated on the second Sunday of May. Media channels celebrate with special shows. Individuals honor their mothers by giving gifts and commemorative articles. Individuals who have lost their mothers pray and pay their respects to their loved ones lost. Schools hold special programs in order to acknowledge the efforts of their mothers.[108]

text: Panama

text: In Panama, Mother's Day is celebrated on 8 December, the same day as the Feast of the Immaculate Conception. This date was suggested in 1930 by the wife of Panama's President Florencio Harmodio Arosemena. 8 December was adopted as Mother's Day under Law 69, which was passed the same year.[44]

text: According to another account, in 1924 the Rotary Club of Panama asked that Mother's Day be celebrated on 11 May. Politician Aníbal D. Ríos changed the proposal so that the celebration would be held on 8 December. He then established Mother's Day as a national holiday on that date.[109]

text: Paraguay

text: In Paraguay, Mother's Day is celebrated on 15 May, the same day as the Dia de la Patria, which celebrates the independence of Paraguay.[37] This date was chosen to honor the role played by Juana María de Lara in the events of 14 May 1811 that led to Paraguay's independence.[110]

text: In 2008, the Paraguayan Minister of Culture, Bruno Barrios, lamented this coincidence because, in Paraguay, Mother's Day is much more popular than independence day and the independence celebration goes unnoticed. As a result, Barrios asked that the celebration be moved to the end of the month.[111] A group of young people attempted to gather 20,000 signatures to ask the Parliament to move Mother's Day.[111] In 2008, the Comisión de festejos (Celebration Committee) of the city of Asunción asked that Mother's Day be moved to the second Sunday of May.[112]

text: Philippines

text: In the Philippines, Mother's Day is officially celebrated on the second Sunday of May, but it is not a public holiday.[113] Although not a traditional Filipino holiday, the occasion owes its popularity to American Colonial Period influence.

text: According to a 2008 article by the Philippine News Agency, in 1921 the Ilocos Norte Federation of Women's Clubs asked to declare the first Monday of December as Mother's Day "to honor these fabulous women who brought forth God's children into this world." In response, Governor-General Charles Yeater issued Circular No. 33 declaring the celebration. In 1937 President Manuel L. Quezon issued Presidential Proclamation No. 213, changing the name of the occasion from "Mother's Day" to "Parent's Day" to address the complaints that there wasn't a "Father's Day". In 1980 President Ferdinand Marcos issued Presidential Proclamation No. 2037 proclaiming the date as both Mother's Day and Father's Day. In 1988 President Corazon Aquino issued Presidential Proclamation No. 266, changing Mother's Day to the second Sunday of May, and Father's Day to the third Sunday of June, discontinuing the traditional date.[114] In 1998 President Joseph Estrada returned both celebrations to the first Monday of December.[113]

text: Portugal

text: In Portugal, the "Dia da Mãe" ("Mother's Day") is an unofficial holiday held each year on the first Sunday of May (sometimes coinciding with Labour Day). The weeks leading up to this Sunday, school children spend a few hours a day to prepare a gift for their mothers, aided by their school teachers. In general, mothers receive gifts by their family members and this day is meant to be celebrated with the whole family. It used to be celebrated on the 8th December, the same date of the Conception of the Virgin celebration.[citation needed]

text: Romania

text: In Romania, Mother's Day has been celebrated on the first Sunday of May since 2010. Law 319/2009 made both Mother's Day and Father's Day official holidays in Romania. The measure was passed thanks to campaign efforts from the Alliance Fighting Discrimination Against Fathers (TATA).[115] Previously, Mother's Day was celebrated on 8 March, as part of International Women's Day (a tradition dating back to when Romania was part of the Eastern bloc). Today, Mother's Day and International Women's Day are two separate holidays, with International Women's Day being held on its original date of 8 March.[citation needed]

text: Russia

text: Traditionally Russia had celebrated International Women's Day and Mother's Day on 8 March, an inheritance from the Soviet Union, and a public holiday.[116]

text: Women's Day was first celebrated on the last Sunday in February in 1913 in Russia.[117]

text: In 1917, demonstrations marking International Women's Day in Saint Petersburg on the last Sunday in February (which fell on 8 March on the Gregorian calendar) initiated the February Revolution. Following the October Revolution later that year, the Bolshevik Alexandra Kollontai persuaded Vladimir Lenin to make it an official holiday in the Soviet Union, and it was established, but was a working day until 1965.[citation needed]

text: On 8 May 1965, by the decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet, International Women's Day was declared a non-working day in the Soviet Union "in commemoration of the outstanding merits of Soviet women in communistic construction, in the defense of their Fatherland during the Great Patriotic War, in their heroism and selflessness at the front and in the rear, and also marking the great contribution of women to strengthening friendship between peoples, and the struggle for peace. But still, women's day must be celebrated as are other holidays."[118]

text: Samoa

text: In Samoa, Mother's Day is celebrated on the second Sunday in May, and as a recognised national holiday on the Monday following.

text: Singapore

text: In Singapore, Mother's Day is celebrated on the second Sunday of May. It is not recognized as a holiday by the government.

text: Slovakia

text: Czechoslovakia celebrated only Women's Day until the Velvet Revolution in 1989. After the country split in 1993, Slovakia started celebrating both Women's Day and Mother's Day. The politicization of Women's Day has affected the official status of Mother's Day. Center-right parties want Mother's Day to replace Women's Day, and social-democrats want to make Women's Day an official holiday. Currently, both days are festive, but they are not "state holidays". In the Slovak Republic, Mother's Day is celebrated every second Sunday in May.[34]

text: South Africa

text: In South Africa, Mother's Day is celebrated on the second Sunday of May. It is not recognized as a holiday by the government. The tradition is to give cards and gifts and to serve mothers breakfast in bed or to go out to lunch together as a family.

text: South Sudan

text: In South Sudan, Mother's Day is celebrated on the first Monday in July. The president Salva Kiir Mayardit proclaimed Mother's Day as the first Monday in July after handing over from Sudan. Children in South Sudan are presenting mothers with gifts and flowers. The first Mother's Day was held in that country on 2 July 2012.[citation needed]

text: Spain

text: In Spain, Mother's Day or Día de la Madre is celebrated on the first Sunday of May. The weeks leading up to this Sunday, school children spend a few hours a day to prepare a gift for their mothers, aided by their school teachers. In general, mothers receive gifts by their family members & this day is meant to be celebrated with the whole family. It is also said to be celebrated in May, as May is the month dedicated to the Virgin Mary (mother of Jesus) according to Catholicism.The idea of a month dedicated specifically to Mary can be traced back to baroque times. Although it wasn't always held during May, Mary Month included thirty daily spiritual exercises honoring Mary.[119][citation needed]

text: Sri Lanka

text: In Sri Lanka, Mother's Day is celebrated on the second Sunday of May.

text: Sweden

text: In Sweden, Mother's Day was first celebrated in 1919, by initiative of the author Cecilia Bååth-Holmberg. It took several decades for the day to be widely recognized. Swedes born in the early nineteen hundreds typically did not celebrate the day because of the common belief that the holiday was invented strictly for commercial purposes. This was in contrast to Father's Day, which has been widely celebrated in Sweden since the late 1970s. Mother's Day in Sweden is celebrated on the last Sunday in May. A later date was chosen to allow everyone to go outside and pick flowers.[citation needed]

text: Switzerland

text: In Switzerland, the "règle de Pentecôte" law allows Mother's Day to be celebrated a week late if the holiday falls on the same day as Pentecost. In 2008, merchants declined to move the date.[120]

text: By country (T–Z)

text: Taiwan

text: In Taiwan, Mother's Day is celebrated on the second Sunday of the month of May, coinciding with Buddha's birthday and the traditional ceremony of "washing the Buddha". In 1999 the Taiwanese government established the second Sunday of May as Buddha's birthday, so they would be celebrated in the same day.[121][122]

text: Since 2006,[123] the Tzu Chi, the largest charity organization in Taiwan, celebrates the Tzu Chi Day, Mother's Day and Buddha's birthday all together, as part of a unified celebration and religious observance.[124][125][126]

text: Thailand

text: Mother's day in Thailand is celebrated on the birthday of the Queen of Thailand, Queen Sirikit (12 August).[127] The holiday was first celebrated around the 1980s as part of the campaign by the Prime Minister of Thailand Prem Tinsulanonda to promote Thailand's Royal family.[128] Father's Day is celebrated on the late King Bhumibol Adulyadej's birthday.[128]

text: Ukraine

text: Ukraine celebrates Mother's Day (Ukrainian: День Матері) on the second Sunday of May. In Ukraine, Mother's Day officially became a holiday only in 1999[129] and is celebrated since 2000. Since then Ukrainian society struggles to transition the main holiday that recognizes woman from the International Women's Day, a holiday adopted under the Soviet Union that remained as a legacy in Ukraine after its collapse, to Mother's Day.[citation needed]

text: United Kingdom

text: The United Kingdom celebrates Mothering Sunday, which falls on the fourth Sunday of Lent (26 March in 2017). This holiday has its roots in the church and was originally unrelated to the American holiday.[5][130] Most historians believe that Mothering Sunday evolved from the 16th-century Christian practice of visiting one's mother church annually on Laetare Sunday.[131] As a result of this tradition, most mothers were reunited with their children on this day when young apprentices and young women in service were released by their masters for that weekend. As a result of the influence of the American Mother's Day, Mothering Sunday transformed into the tradition of showing appreciation to one's mother. The holiday is still recognized in the original historical sense by many churches, with attention paid to Mary the mother of Jesus Christ and the concept of the Mother Church.[citation needed]

text: The custom was still popular by the start of the 19th century, but with the Industrial Revolution, traditions changed and the Mothering Day customs declined.[130] By 1935, Mothering Sunday was less celebrated in Europe.[citation needed] Constance Penswick-Smith worked unsuccessfully to revive the festival in the 1910s–1920s. However, US World War II soldiers brought the US Mother's Day celebration to the UK,[132] and the holiday was merged with the Mothering Sunday traditions still celebrated in the Church of England.[133] By the 1950s, the celebration became popular again in the whole of the UK, thanks to the efforts of UK merchants, who saw in the festival a great commercial opportunity.[133] People from UK started celebrating Mother's Day on the fourth Sunday of Lent, the same day on which Mothering Sunday had been celebrated for centuries. Some Mothering Sunday traditions were revived, such as the tradition of eating cake on that day, although celebrants now eat simnel cake[27] instead of the cakes that were traditionally prepared at that time.[citation needed] The traditions of the two holidays are now mixed together and celebrated on the same day, although many people are not aware that the festivities have quite separate origins.[134]

text: Mothering Sunday occurs 3 weeks prior to Easter Sunday or the fourth Sunday of Lent, meaning it can fall at the earliest on 1 March (in years when Easter Day falls on 22 March) and at the latest on 4 April (when Easter Day falls on 25 April).[135]

text: United States

text: The United States celebrates Mother's Day on the second Sunday in May. In 1872 Julia Ward Howe called for women to join in support of disarmament and asked for 2 June 1872, to be established as a "Mother's Day for Peace". Her 1870 "Appeal to womanhood throughout the world" is sometimes referred to as Mother's Day Proclamation. But Howe's day was not for honouring mothers but for organizing pacifist mothers against war. In the 1880s and 1890s there were several further attempts to establish an American "Mother's Day", but these did not succeed beyond the local level.[136]

text: In the United States, Mother's Day remains one of the biggest days for sales of flowers, greeting cards, and the like; Mother's Day is also the biggest holiday for long-distance telephone calls.[137] Moreover, churchgoing is also popular on Mother's Day, yielding the highest church attendance after Christmas Eve and Easter. Many worshippers celebrate the day with carnations, coloured if the mother is living and white if she is dead.[9][138]

text: Mother's Day continues to be one of the most commercially successful U.S. occasions.[139]

text: It is possible that the holiday would have withered over time without the support and continuous promotion of the florist industries and other commercial industries. Other Protestant holidays from the same time, such as Children's Day and Temperance Sunday, do not have the same level of popularity.[140]


document_title: Menace II Society

question_text: who played old dog in menace to society

question_tokens: who played old dog in menace to society

text: Menace II Society

text: Plot[edit]

text: Caine Lawson and his best friend Kevin Anderson (who goes by the street name O-Dog) enter a local store to buy malt liquor, while a Korean storekeeper and his wife closely watch them and urge Caine and O-Dog to hurriedly choose their drinks, pay and leave. As they leave, the storekeeper insults and angers O-Dog by remarking about feeling sorry for his mother. A brief argument starts but ends deadly as O-Dog kills the couple. He then takes the store video surveillance tape, robs the dead storekeeper's wallet, and empties the cash register. In a flashback, it is revealed that Caine’s father was a drug dealer who was killed in a drug deal when Caine was 10, his mother was a heroin addict who later died of a drug overdose, and that he was raised by his grandparents.

text: In the days that follow, O-Dog proudly shows off the liquor store security tape of him shooting the storekeeper to his friends, who are impressed. Caine, however, is disgusted at O-Dog for being careless and tells him to stop showing off the videotape, fearing he and O-Dog will one day get caught. O-Dog ignores Caine's warning and tells Caine nothing will happen.

text: Caine and his cousin Harold are on their way to a party one night when they get carjacked. The carjackers kill Harold, wound Caine and steal Harold's car. O-Dog discovers who the carjackers are and where to find them. O-Dog and Caine avenge Harold's murder by killing the carjackers.

text: Caine and O-Dog are hired by a local hood, Chauncey, for a car theft insurance scheme but are caught and arrested by police. A detective attempts to link Caine to the store killings by matching fingerprints, but is unsuccessful and Caine is released. Caine's grandfather and Mr. Butler (who is Sharif's father and a school teacher) tell Caine to change his ways or he'll end up either in prison or dead. Stacy and Sharif also try to keep Caine out of trouble by convincing him to leave with them to Kansas, but Caine ignores everyone's advice.

text: Caine begins his hustler lifestyle by buying a new car from a chop shop and carjacking another young black man for his Dayton wheels. Caine then purchases a large quantity of cocaine to cook into crack cocaine in order to sell. Caine also meets a local girl named Ilena while with his crew at a BBQ and eventually has sex with her. Caine and Sharif are driving one night when the police stop and pull them over. The police brutally beat them and then dump them in alley in a Hispanic neighborhood; members of a Hispanic gang find Caine and Sharif, but instead of killing them as the police anticipated, the Hispanic gang members take them to a hospital.

text: While Caine is the hospital, his friend, Ronnie, tells him that she has found a job in Atlanta and invites him to come with her. Caine is hesitant at first, but agrees to go with Ronnie to Atlanta. At a party, a drunken Chauncey makes sexual moves towards Ronnie. Caine comes to her rescue and starts pistol-whipping Chauncey. Stacy and Sharif intervene and restrain Caine. Back at home, Ilena calls to inform him that she is pregnant. Caine refuses to believe that the child is his and dogs her. Chauncey retaliates by sending a copy of the store video surveillance tape to the police.

text: When coming home from visiting Pernell in prison, Ilena's cousin approaches Caine outside his house and confronts Caine for dogging Ilena. Caine starts beating up Ilena's cousin, when Caine's grandfather comes outside to stop Caine and kick him out of the house shortly after. Ilena's cousin gets some of his friends together to get revenge on Caine.

text: As Caine and Ronnie are preparing to leave for Atlanta, Georgia, Ilena's cousin and his friends execute a drive by on the house. Sharif is killed and Caine is fatally wounded. As Caine slowly dies in Stacy's arms, he sees flashbacks of the events that led to this final moment, and recalls his grandfather asking him if he cares whether he lives or dies; he realizes he does, but now it's too late.

text: Cast[edit]

text:
Tyrin Turner – Kaydee "Caine" Lawson

Brandon Hammond – Five Year Old Caine

Jada Pinkett – Ronnie
Larenz Tate – Kevin "O-Dog" Anderson
Samuel L. Jackson – Tat Lawson
MC Eiht – A-Wax
Glenn Plummer – James "Pernell" Richards
Clifton Powell – Chauncey
Marilyn Coleman – Mrs. Lawson
Arnold Johnson – Thomas Lawson
Pooh-Man – Doc
Julian Roy Doster – Anthony
Too Short – Lew-Loc
Khandi Alexander – Karen Lawson
Vonte Sweet – Sharif Butler
Ryan Williams – Stacy
Bill Duke – Detective
Dwayne L. Barnes – Basehead
Charles S. Dutton – Mr. Butler
Martin Davis – Carjacking Victim
Garen Holoman – Junior
Saafir – Harold Lawson
Cynthia Calhoun – Jackee
Erin Leshawn Wiley – Ilena
Samuel Monroe Jr. – Ilena's Cousin
Clifton Collins, Jr. – Vato #2

tag: ul

text: Production[edit]

text: This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (December 2014) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

text: Originally, MC Ren was set to play A-Wax, but later turned down the role when he joined the Nation of Islam in late 1992. Rapper Spice 1 was set to play Caine, and Tupac Shakur to play Sharif, but they were later fired with director Allen Hughes stating that Shakur was causing trouble on the set. Shakur was angry for not being told why Sharif would turn Muslim. Six months after the firing, Shakur assaulted the director, resulting in Shakur being found guilty of assault and battery.[3] Shakur did not want to play the role of Sharif, as he did not agree (in regards to the authenticity of such a role) that a Muslim could also be a gangbanger. He is quoted as saying the following in a video interview,[4]

text: "I said okay, cool... fire me from this $100,000 movie, because I ain't goin' play no gangbanger who's a Muslim. There ain't no such thing, I refuse to play parts that don't exist. I will be a young nigga, but will be a real young nigga."

text: Shakur wanted to play O-Dog. Shakur and Spice 1 were later replaced with Larenz Tate and Tyrin Turner, respectively.[5]

text: Reception[edit]

text: Menace II Society received generally positive reviews from critics.[6] The film scored an 85% 'fresh' rating on Rotten Tomatoes, based on 35 reviews. Chicago Reader critic Jonathan Rosenbaum stated, "This is a powerful, convincing, and terrifying look at teenage crime in contemporary Watts."[7] Owen Gleiberman from Entertainment Weekly gave it a positive review, stating, "Menace II Society is bleak, brilliant, and unsparing."[8] EmanuelLevy.com gave the film an A, saying it is "The most stunning feature debut in the new African American cinema, even more so than Boyz n the Hood to which the coming of age feature bears thematic resemblance."[9] The film was placed on both Gene Siskel and Roger Ebert's 10 best films of 1993 lists, with Ebert praising "the way the filmmakers tell Caine's story without making him seem either the hero or victim".[10][11]

text: However, the film has also received some negative reviews. Geoff Andrew of Time Out stated, "Regrettably, the Hughes Brothers' first feature is a compendium of cliches."[12] Stephen Holden of The New York Times stated, "If Menace II Society is terrific on ambiance, it is considerably less successful in revealing character."[13] At the 1994 MTV Movie Awards, the film was awarded Best Movie, beating out the likes of Philadelphia, Jurassic Park and Schindler's List.[14] The film also won an Independent Spirit Award for Best Cinematography.[15]

text: Soundtrack[edit]

text: Menace II Society (soundtrack)


document_title: The Graham Norton Show

question_text: when does the new season of the graham norton show start

text: The Graham Norton Show

text: Programming[edit]

text: BBC Two[edit]

text: The show mirrors So and V with strong adult humour along with Graham's monologue at the beginning of the show and often a musical guest to play out over the credits. Although the rude objects in "Graham's drawer" did not survive, the phone calls and hidden camera surprises have. These surprises are sometimes based around the guests, such as Sarah Beeny's dating website, a TARDIS on the South Bank when David Tennant appeared and a wine-tasting group drinking Gérard Depardieu's wine whilst he was on the show. Some of the surprises, such as the wine-tasting, have been arranged through ideas submitted by viewers, stating where they will be when the show is recorded.[citation needed]

text: At the end of the show, after any band or artist performance, an extra 5 minute section of the show was recorded, known as the "Cooldown". This section was seen in an extended weekend repeat, called Graham Norton Uncut, and was also made available as a downloadable podcast. As well as showing the "Cooldown", it also included previously unseen parts from the original episode. This section often involved the audience, such as guessing an audience member's partner and playing mass charades.[citation needed]

text: After Graham's short monologue, he always introduced two guests. If there was a third guest, they were usually introduced later in the show. If the two guests are connected in some way (for example, Dustin Hoffman and his wife), they were the only ones introduced at the start. If musical guests were involved in the show, one of several things happened. Some performers, such as Enrique Iglesias, were on stage from the very beginning. Others, such as Gareth Gates came on stage about 5 to 7 minutes before their performance for a short interview. Also, some musical guests only performed during the end credits and participated in the Cooldown section of the programme. However, all bands performed during the credits and were interviewed in the Cooldown segment.[citation needed]

text: BBC One[edit]

text: Once the show moved to BBC One, it moved to Monday nights, and the guest list increased to three or occasionally four people, with an accompanying reduction in Norton's signature pieces. A typical show consisted of one big celebrity name, a comedian sitting in the aforementioned comedy chair and a well-known musical personality who would all be introduced after the monologue. Sometimes three guests are introduced at the top of the show with the musical guest brought in about 10 to 15 minutes before the end of the show.

text: Unlike the BBC Two show, the BBC One show does not end with the musical performance, but with a new audience participation segment called That's All We've Got Time For, where audience members sit in the famous red chair and begin to tell a humorous story. Graham and his guests listen to the stories and if Graham gets bored, he – or occasionally a guest – pulls the lever and the chair falls backwards, dumping the speaker from it.[2] The red chair segment was inspired by comedian Ronnie Corbett's longwinded armchair monologues.[3]

text: After the end of Friday Night with Jonathan Ross, it was announced that The Graham Norton Show would be taking over the coveted Friday night slot.[4] The show premiered on 22 October 2010.

text: Series[edit]

text: The first series began at 10pm on 22 February 2007 on BBC Two and was originally slated to end on 24 May 2007 after 13 episodes. However, the series proved such a hit that it was extended for an additional six episodes. A 12-week second series began on 11 October 2007, and culminated with a Boxing Day special and New Year's compilation from previous episodes.

text: The show made its North American premiere on BBC America on 2 June 2007, one week after what was supposed to be the final episode of Series 1 (before its extension).

text: Series 2 premiered on BBC America on 20 October 2007. Unlike the previous series, each episode premiered in the United States only 9 days after the initial UK broadcast. However, the final three episodes were broadcast in reverse order (with Episode 12 being shown on BBC America a few days earlier than on BBC Two. The same thing occurred in Series 4 with the Christmas special airing on BBC America 10 days before the BBC Two broadcast.

text: Series 3 began its run on 17 April 2008. For series 3, the "Cooldown" segment had been dropped, and the show was just the full uncut 45-minute version of the show. The show was originally recorded in studio 2 at The London Studios, but moved to studio 1, due to the slot of The Paul O'Grady Show and the high audience numbers.

text: The show continued to be broadcast in a 30-minute version on Thursdays at 10pm with Graham Norton Uncut, the uncut version shown on Sundays at around 11pm in a 45-minute version. However, BBC Two in Wales sometimes broadcast the Thursday edition later than the rest of the BBC Two regions, usually after Newsnight at 11.20pm because they would usually have local programmes in the 10pm slot. BBC Two Northern Ireland did the same, and during series three, they broadcast Thursday's show on Friday nights at 10pm on BBC Two Northern Ireland because of local programming on Thursdays.

text: Series 4 began its run on 3 October 2008 at 10pm on BBC Two (however, both BBC Two Wales and BBC Two Northern Ireland broadcast the show at a later time due to their regional programming). The Sunday uncut editions have been kept, with the first uncut edition broadcast on BBC Two late on Sunday night.

text: Since its sixth series, The Graham Norton Show has aired on BBC One. As of 2017, there have been 21 series of the show.

text: In late January 2017 it was confirmed that Graham Norton had signed a new three-year deal with the BBC which along with his BBC Radio 2 show, Eurovision commentary duties and other projects for the BBC, it will also keep The Graham Norton Show on BBC One until at least 2020. Graham said "We’ve just done a deal for another three years, which right now feels like a long time".[5]

text: Broadcast[edit]

text: Across Scandinavia, The Graham Norton Show is shown frequently on cable and satellite channels BBC Brit, formerly known as BBC Entertainment. Episodes are usually shown a week after their original UK airing on BBC One, while re-runs from past seasons are shown overnight or during the day.

text: In Latin America, Poland and several countries in continental Europe, The Graham Norton Show is aired on satellite channel BBC Entertainment. Episodes are usually shown a week after their original UK airing on BBC One, while re-runs from past seasons are shown over-night or during daytime.

text: In the United States, starting 11 April 2013, cable/satellite network BBC America aired new episodes on Thursdays.[6] It then aired every Saturday night on BBC America, normally eight days after the BBC.[1]. In November 2015, The Weinstein Company bought the series rights in the United States and took a break while negotiating a new contract with BBC America.[7] On 18 January 2016, BBC America aired the 2015 New Year's Eve episode.[8] On 21 January 2016, the network announced that the programme would be returning on Monday, 25 January 2016, with new episodes now airing three days after the BBC airing.[9] In 2017, it then returned to it’s time slot on Saturday nights.

text: In Canada, cable channel BBC Canada broadcasts the show Friday nights.

text: In Ireland, the show is broadcast on TV3 and its sister channel 3e one day after the BBC broadcast on Saturdays. In January 2015, UTV Ireland aired the show every Sunday night. TV3 Group continued to air "Best of" Specials recorded prior to 2015. This arrangement changed in January 2017 when the TV3 Group bought UTV Ireland and changed it to "be3" channel. TV3 then moved The Graham Norton Show back to their main channel, where it airs every Saturday, 24 hours after UK transmission, usually at around 9.30pm.

text: In Australia, the series is broadcast on Network Ten on Friday nights, airing one week after original broadcast in the UK.[10][11] Additionally, for Pay TV viewers (Foxtel and Austar), it airs on UKTV at 9.30pm Mondays, with repeats on Tuesdays and Saturdays. It previously aired on ABC2 on Thursday nights from 2007 to 2012. In New Zealand, the show was originally broadcast on UKTV. Since the start of Series 11 on 4 May 2012, the show has been broadcast on TV3 on Friday nights.

text: In India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bhutan and Maldives The Graham Norton Show airs Saturday nights on Comedy Central, a week after the BBC broadcast.

text: Episodes[edit]

text: All ratings are taken from BARB.

text:
Series
Episodes
Originally aired

First aired
Last aired
Network

1
19
22 February 2007 (2007-02-22)
5 July 2007 (2007-07-05)
BBC Two

2
12
11 October 2007 (2007-10-11)
26 December 2007 (2007-12-26)

3
12
17 April 2008 (2008-04-17)
3 July 2008 (2008-07-03)

4
14
2 October 2008 (2008-10-02)
30 December 2008 (2008-12-30)

5
12
5 March 2009 (2009-03-05)
28 May 2009 (2009-05-28)

6
13
5 October 2009 (2009-10-05)
31 December 2009 (2009-12-31)
BBC One

7
12
12 April 2010 (2010-04-12)
28 June 2010 (2010-06-28)

8
20
22 October 2010 (2010-10-22)
11 March 2011 (2011-03-11)

9
13
15 April 2011 (2011-04-15)
8 July 2011 (2011-07-08)

10
21
21 October 2011 (2011-10-21)
16 March 2012 (2012-03-16)

11
13
13 April 2012 (2012-04-13)
6 July 2012 (2012-07-06)

12
20
19 October 2012 (2012-10-19)
22 March 2013 (2013-03-22)

13
14
5 April 2013 (2013-04-05)
5 July 2013 (2013-07-05)

14
20
11 October 2013 (2013-10-11)
28 February 2014 (2014-02-28)

15
13
4 April 2014 (2014-04-04)
27 June 2014 (2014-06-27)

16
24
26 September 2014 (2014-09-26)
20 March 2015 (2015-03-20)

17
13
10 April 2015 (2015-04-10)
3 July 2015 (2015-07-03)

18
20
25 September 2015 (2015-09-25)
19 February 2016 (2016-02-19)

19
15
25 March 2016 (2016-03-25)
1 July 2016 (2016-07-01)

20
22
30 September 2016 (2016-09-30)
3 March 2017 (2017-03-03)

21
13
7 April 2017 (2017-04-07)
30 June 2017 (2017-06-30)

22
19[12]
29 September 2017 (2017-09-29)
N/A


document_title: Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs (TV series)

question_text: cloudy with a chance of meatballs tv show cast

text: Plot[edit]

text: The series is a prequel, featuring the high school years of Flint Lockwood, the eccentric young scientist in the films.[5] In his adventures, he will be joined by Sam Sparks, a new girl in town and the school's "wannabe" reporter, along with Flint's dad Tim, Steve the Monkey, Manny as the head of the school's audiovisual club, Earl as a school gym teacher, Brent as a baby wear model, and Mayor Shelbourne, who wins every election on the pro-sardine platform.[6]

text: The show clarifies that when Flint and Sam met in their adulthood in the film was not their first meeting. They first met and became friends in high school. In the first episode Flint says that if Sam ever has to move away from Swallow Falls, he will invent a memory eraser, as she had moved around lots as a child and did not want the memory of another lost friendship to sadden her.

text: Cast[edit]

text:
Mark Edwards as Flint Lockwood, an inventor, & Steve, Flint's pet vervet monkey who communicates using a Speak and Spell monkey thought translator Flint invented.[7]
Katie Griffin as Sam Sparks, a weather intern from New York City and a reporter.[7]
David Berni as Baby Brent (Brent McHale), an infamous celebrity mascot of Baby Brent's Sardines.[7]
Seán Cullen as Tim Lockwood, Flint's widowed father, Mayor Shelbourne, the gluttonous and egotistical mayor of Swallow Falls, & Old Rick[7]
Patrick McKenna as Gil, Mayor Shelbourne's son, & Manny, Sam's Guatemalan cameraman and a former doctor, pilot, and comedian.[7]
Clé Bennett as Earl Devereaux, the town's athletic cop.[7]

text: Series overview[edit]

text:
Season
Episodes
Originally aired

First aired
Last aired

1
52
 February 20, 2017 (2017-02-20)
 April 6, 2017 (2017-04-06)
 TBA
 September 22, 2017 (2017-09-22)

text: Episodes[edit]

text: Season 1 (2017)[edit]

text:
No.
overall
No. in
season
Title
No. in pairings
Directed by
Written by
Storyboarded by
Original air date
U.S. viewers
(millions)

1
1
"And the Winner Is..."[8]
2a[9]
Steven Garcia and Jos Humphrey
Alex Galatis and Mark Evestaff
TBA
February 20, 2017 (2017-02-20)
1.17[10]

Flint and Sam remember when they destroyed the town while competing with each other in the science fair.

2
2
"Princess Kittymittens"
3b[11]
Andrew Duncan and Johnny Darrell
Mark Edwards
TBA
March 6, 2017 (2017-03-06)
0.81[12]

Flint begs Sam to let him see her most treasured possession, but when Sam relents Flint damages it and has to find a way to make it up to her.

3
3
"Invent This!"
3a[11]
Andrew Duncan and Johnny Darrell
Terry McGurrin
TBA
March 6, 2017 (2017-03-06)
0.88[12]

When Tim is celebrated for accidentally inventing a pencil holder, Flint gets jealous and starts to doubt his own skills as an inventor.

4
4
"Bacon Girl"
2b[9]
Andrew Duncan and Johnny Darrell
Josh Saltzman
TBA
March 6, 2017 (2017-03-06)
0.88[12]

Flint invents a way to make sardines taste like bacon so Sam can eat one without gagging, but Flint's invention has a few bacon-related side-effects.

5
5
"Who You Calling Garbage?"
1a[13]
Steven Garcia and Jos Humphrey
Miles Smith
TBA
March 7, 2017 (2017-03-07)
0.79[14]

Flint creates an invention to take out the garbage, but it soon starts deciding for itself what, and who, counts as garbage.

6
6
"Ballad of Johnny Sardine"
"The Ballad of Johnny Sardine"
1b[13]
Andrew Duncan and Johnny Darrell
Alex Galatis and Mark Evestaff
TBA
March 8, 2017 (2017-03-08)
0.79[15]

Swallow Falls prepares to celebrate the birthday of its oldest sardine, a wish-granting fish named Johnny, but Flint and Sam put the entire event in jeopardy.

7
7
"Millionaire Monkey"
4a[16]
Andrew Duncan and Johnny Darrell
Mark Edwards
TBA
March 9, 2017 (2017-03-09)
0.82[17]

When Steve wins the Swallow Falls lottery, townspeople line up claiming that they are Steve's best friend causing Flint to question Steve's true affections.

8
8
"Baby Brent Sitter"
4b[16]
Andrew Duncan and Johnny Darrell
Evan Thaler Hickey
Jon Affolter
March 13, 2017 (2017-03-13)
0.77[18]

Flint and Sam baby-sit so they can buy a new board game, but when Brent hires them as his baby sitter they have to decide whether the humiliation is worth the reward.

9
9
"Spoiler Orb"
5a[16]
Andrew Duncan and Johnny Darrell
Mark Edwards
Jeff Amey
March 14, 2017 (2017-03-14)
0.82[19]

Flint modifies Sam's weather-predicting orb to predict the future, but knowing their future isn't as fun as they thought it would be.

10
10
"The Pandas are Coming"
5b[16]
Andrew Duncan and Johnny Darrell
Miles Smith
Ricardo Osuna
March 15, 2017 (2017-03-15)
0.82[20]

Mayor Shelbourne brings a panda to Swallow Falls, but when the town falls under the panda's spell it's up to Flint and Sam to find out what's really going on.

11
11
"Inventors Only"
6a[21]
Andrew Duncan and Johnny Darrell
Evan Thaler Hickey
Mike West
March 16, 2017 (2017-03-16)
0.81[22]

Flint is excited to discover there's another inventor in town, but Sam suspects the inventor has an ulterior motive for befriending Flint.

12
12
"Clock-a-Doodle-Doom"
6b[21]
Andrew Duncan and Johnny Darrell
Miles Smith
Nathan Affolter
March 20, 2017 (2017-03-20)
0.70[23]

To stop himself from being late for school, getting into more trouble, and missing all the fun, Flint decides to create a robo-rooster alarm from getting late for school.

13
13
"The Sardemon"
7a[24]
Andrew Duncan and Johnny Darrell
Shawn Kalb
Cory Toomey
March 21, 2017 (2017-03-21)
0.62[25]

Tim drags Flint out into the wilderness to participate in a Lockwood father-son tradition: catching the legendary Sardemon, the largest sardine in existence.

14
14
"Earl or Pearl?"
8a[24]
Andrew Duncan and Johnny Darrell
Laurie Elliott
Jocelyn Thiessen
March 22, 2017 (2017-03-22)
0.68[26]

Earl goes undercover as a female student named "Pearl" in order to befriend Sam and find out what Flint's planning to invent next.

15
15
"Sardinefest"
7b[24]
Andrew Duncan and Johnny Darrell
Laurie Elliott
David Wiebe
March 23, 2017 (2017-03-23)
0.70[27]

Sam is determined to stop Swallow Falls' annual sardine race, which she firmly believes is animal cruelty.

16
16
"Total Samesies"
8b[24]
Andrew Duncan and Johnny Darrell
Evan Thaler Hickey
Dalton Grant
March 27, 2017 (2017-03-27)
0.68[28]

When they are teased for being too similar, Flint and Sam try to prove that they are totally different.

17
17
"Monkey Me, Monkey You"
9a[24]
Andrew Duncan and Johnny Darrell
Terry McGurrin
Dennis Crawford
March 28, 2017 (2017-03-28)
0.70[29]

When Flint accidentally combines himself with Steve, he must learn to live with the monkey inside him.

18
18
"Best Invention Ever!"
9b[24]
Andrew Duncan and Johnny Darrell
Mark Edwards
Jon Affolter
March 29, 2017 (2017-03-29)
0.83[30]

After hearing Flint brag about sleep-inventing the best invention ever, the Mayor sees it as a money-making opportunity.

19
19
"That's Sal, Folks!"
10a[31]
Andrew Duncan and Johnny Darrell
Betsy Walters
TBA
March 30, 2017 (2017-03-30)
0.92[32]

In trying to keep Sam from moving away, Flint accidentally animates the town's sardine statue, and it begins spilling the town's secrets.

20
20
"Cloudy with a Chance of Clouds"
10b[31]
Andrew Duncan and Johnny Darrell
Mark Edwards
TBA
April 3, 2017 (2017-04-03)
0.67[33]

Flint gives Sam a Cloud-Maker for the anniversary of their friendship, but Sam's new cloud friend will not leave her side.

21
21
"The Science of the Toot"
11a[31]
Andrew Duncan and Johnny Darrell
Mark Edwards
Jeff Amey
April 4, 2017 (2017-04-04)
0.76[34]

In a bid to make his classmates consider his idea for a science mural, Flint creates a toot-inducing bean.

22
22
"Mr. Stressup"
11b[31]
Andrew Duncan and Johnny Darrell
Terry McGurrin
Ricardo Osuna
April 5, 2017 (2017-04-05)
0.82[35]

After being inured by one of Flint's inventions, Tim's doctor wants him to relax, and Flint has just the thing to help.

23
23
"Virtu-earl Reality"
12a[36]
Andrew Duncan and Johnny Darrell
Mark Edwards
David Wiebe
April 6, 2017 (2017-04-06)
0.83[37]

After encouraging Mr. Earl to have a day off, Sam and Flint learn he is too bored, and try to make things better for him.

24
24
"Mayornormal Activity"
18a
Andrew Duncan and Johnny Darrell
Betsy Walters
Pierre Comtois
13 August 2017 (2017-08-13) (YTV)
October 29, 2017 (2017-10-29) (CN)
0.84[38]

Mayor Shelbourne buys up all the town's candy at Halloween and promises to give it all to the kid who makes it through his super scary haunted house.

25
25
"Flintenstein"
18b
Andrew Duncan and Johnny Darrell
Mark Edwards
Desirae Salmark
13 August 2017 (2017-08-13) (YTV)
October 29, 2017 (2017-10-29) (CN)
0.84[39]

While attempting to debunk Hollywood pseudoscience, Flint accidentally creates his own Frankenstein-like monster.

26
26
"Hair We Go Again"[a]
12b[36]
Andrew Duncan and Johnny Darrell
Laurie Elliott
Cory Toomey
TBA
TBA

Flint invents the hair unbalder when he realises he'll go bald one day, but Tim offers him another point of view by showing him the perks of being bald.

27
27
"It's About Time"[b]
13a[13]
Andrew Duncan and Johnny Darrell
Mark Edwards
Dalton Grant
TBA (TBA)
TBA

Sam and Flint accidentally cryogenically freeze themselves in the town's time capsule, and emerge into a post-apocalyptic future.

28
28
"Self-Helpie"[c]
13b[13]
Andrew Duncan and Johnny Darrell
Phil Moorhead
Jocelyn Thiessen
TBA (TBA)
TBA

Flint invents a device that will put a good picture of him into the yearbook, but it also puts him in every picture that has ever existed.

29
29
"Happy Clappy Monkey"[d]
14a[13]
Andrew Duncan and Johnny Darrell
Terry McGurrin
Dennis Crawford
27 April 2017 (2017-04-27) (YTV)
TBA

Steve falls in love with the cymbal-smashing electric monkey Flint brought in to replace Steve while he was on vacation.

30
30
"Robot Rumble"[e]
14b[13]
Andrew Duncan and Johnny Darrell
Shawn Kalb
Jon Affolter
27 April 2017 (2017-04-27) (YTV)
TBA

Flint enters his fearsome robot into a robot boxing competition, and when it comes face to face with Mayor Shelbourne's robot, the results are explosive.

31
31
"My Pop is Tops"[f]
15a[13]
Andrew Duncan and Johnny Darrell
Phil Moorhead
Nathan Affolter
5 August 2017 (2017-08-05) (YTV)
TBA

Flint and Gil argue over who has a better dad, setting off a secret competition pitting Tim and Mayor Shelbourne against each other, in a battle of parental prowess.

32
32
"Clone Alone"[g]
15b[13]
Andrew Duncan and Johnny Darrell
Betsy Walters and Mark Evestaff
Mike West
5 August 2017 (2017-08-05) (YTV)
TBA

Flint accidentally makes a clone of himself, and is shocked to discover his clone is more popular than he is.

33
33
"Coat of Harms"[h]
16a[9]
Andrew Duncan and Johnny Darrell
Seán Cullen
Ricardo Osuna
5 August 2017 (2017-08-05) (YTV)
TBA

Sam makes Flint a new tricked-out labcoat to replace his old smelly one, not realising it was a gift from his mom.

34
34
"Earl of my Dreams"[i]
16b[9]
Andrew Duncan and Johnny Darrell
Phil Moorhead
Jeff Amey
6 August 2017 (2017-08-06) (YTV)
TBA

When Flint gets Earl in trouble with his wife, Earl demands Flint help him get back into her good graces.

35
35
"Spacy Race"[j]
17a
Andrew Duncan and Johnny Darrell
Mark Edwards
Dave Wiebe
12 August 2017 (2017-08-12) (YTV)
TBA

Flint builds a spaceship for an Australian businessman, Mr. Zorbleck, who may or may not actually be Australian.

36
36
"Tim and Jim"
17b
Andrew Duncan and Johnny Darrell
David Berni
Cory Toomey
12 August 2017 (2017-08-12) (YTV)
TBA

Tim’s brother, Jim, comes to visit.

37
37
"Ratbirds and Cheesyworms"
19a
Andrew Duncan and Johnny Darrell
TBA
TBA
19 August 2017 (2017-08-19) (YTV)
TBA

38
38
"Junk in the Trunk"
19b
Andrew Duncan and Johnny Darrell
Evan Thaler Hickey
TBA
19 August 2017 (2017-08-19) (YTV)
TBA

39
39
"The Inventor's Code"
20a
Andrew Duncan and Johnny Darrell
Laurie Elliott
TBA
20 August 2017 (2017-08-20) (YTV)
TBA

40
40
"Baby-Baby Brent"
20b
Andrew Duncan and Johnny Darrell
Mark Evestaff and Betsy Walters
TBA
20 August 2017 (2017-08-20) (YTV)
TBA

41
41
"The Talented Mr. Buttons"
21a
Andrew Duncan and Johnny Darrell
Mark Evestaff and Betsy Walters
TBA
26 August 2017 (2017-08-26) (YTV)
TBA

42
42
"The Girl Who Cried Meteor"
21b
Andrew Duncan and Johnny Darrell
Phil Moorhead
Ricardo Osuna
26 August 2017 (2017-08-26) (YTV)
TBA

43
43
"I Gotta Piñata"[40]
22a
Andrew Duncan and Johnny Darrell
TBA
TBA
27 August 2017 (2017-08-27) (YTV)
TBA

44
44
"Your Fish Is My Command"
22b
Andrew Duncan and Johnny Darrell
TBA
TBA
27 August 2017 (2017-08-27) (YTV)
TBA

45
45
"So I Married a Watermelon"
23a
Andrew Duncan and Johnny Darrell
TBA
TBA
19 September 2017 (2017-09-19) (YTV)
TBA

46
46
"The Shelbourne Identity"
23b
Andrew Duncan and Johnny Darrell
Mark Edwards
Desirae Salmark
19 September 2017 (2017-09-19) (YTV)
TBA

47
47
"Appreciate This!"
24a
Andrew Duncan and Johnny Darrell
Stephen Senders
Dennis Crawford
20 September 2017 (2017-09-20) (YTV)
TBA

48
48
"She's a Shoe-In"
24b
Andrew Duncan and Johnny Darrell
Bryn Pottie
Solomon Fong
20 September 2017 (2017-09-20) (YTV)
TBA

49

50
49

50
"Lobster Claus is Coming to Town"
25
Andrew Duncan and Johnny Darrell
Mark Evestaff and Betsy Walters
Jon Affolter (part 1)
Nathan Affolter (part 2)
21 September 2017 (2017-09-21) (YTV)
December 1, 2017 (2017-12-01) (CN)
TBA

51
51
"When I Was Your Age"
26a
Andrew Duncan and Johnny Darrell
Betsy Walters
Sidne Marat
22 September 2017 (2017-09-22) (YTV)
TBA

52
52
"Flint's Biggest Flup"
26b
Andrew Duncan and Johnny Darrell
Betsy Walters
Ricardo Osuna
22 September 2017 (2017-09-22) (YTV)
TBA

text: Home media[edit]

text:
Region
Title
Season(s)
Episode(s)
Running time
Release date

1
Lobster Claus Is Coming to Town!

October 31, 2017 (2017-10-31)

text: Production and distribution[edit]

text: Sony Pictures Animation and Canadian family entertainment company DHX Media signed to co-produce the series in 2014, starting with 26 22-minute episodes (52 11-minute segments).[41] DHX Media will handle the global television and non-U.S. home entertainment distribution, along with worldwide merchandising rights, while Sony will distribute home entertainment in the U.S.[6] Turner Broadcasting will handle international distribution via the Cartoon Network.[42]

text: Boomerang (Latin America) premiered the series on May 12, 2017 with a broadcast of the first 4 episodes, for next Friday continue with recurring releases (double episode), meanwhile Cartoon Network (Latin America) premiered the series on May 18, 2017 premiering a new episode every Thursday. Cartoon Network Australia will premiere the Cloudy With A Chance of Meatballs TV series on September 2, 2017.[43] Cartoon Network (UK & Ireland) premiered the Cloudy With A Chance of Meatballs TV series on August 28, 2017 starting with the Episode "Who you calling Garbage!" (S1EP5).[44] In France, the series started broadcast on Boing from September 2017.

text: Notes[edit]

text:
Jump up ^ This episode has first aired in Latin America on July 21, 2017.
Jump up ^ This episode has first aired in Latin America on July 28, 2017.
Jump up ^ This episode has first aired in Latin America on July 28, 2017.
Jump up ^ This episode will be first aired in Latin America on September 8, 2017.
Jump up ^ This episode will be first aired in Latin America on September 15, 2017.
Jump up ^ This episode will be first aired in Latin America on September 22, 2017.
Jump up ^ This episode will be first aired in Latin America on September 29, 2017.
Jump up ^ This episode will be first aired in Latin America on October 6, 2017.
Jump up ^ This episode will be first aired in Latin America on October 13, 2017.
Jump up ^ This episode will be first aired in Latin America on October 20, 2017.

tag: ol