document_title: For King & Country (band)

question_text: where is the band for king and country from

text: For King & Country (band)

text: History[edit]

text: The brothers were born in Sydney, and moved to Nashville, Tennessee in 1991.[5] The Smallbones are the younger brothers of Christian recording artist and speaker Rebecca St. James, and the brothers-in-law of Jacob Fink, former bassist for the band Foster the People.

text: Their father was a music promoter, and Joel recalls, "going to these rock concerts, sitting on my father's shoulders, plugging my ears...Honestly, in a lot of ways I feel like music chose me and as I grew older, I made a clear decision to fully lean into it."[7]

text: During high school, the brothers did background vocals and other supporting roles for their sister, Rebecca St. James, and various bands in concerts across America.[5] Shortly after Luke graduated from high school, the brothers decided to explore the possibility of forming a band, and in 2007, they began performing as their own band. They began their career with the band name "Joel & Luke", which they later changed to "Austoville". In 2008, they released an EP, A Tale of Two Towns with six songs, three of which appeared on Crave with slightly different melodies and lyrics ("Missing", "Sane", and "Love's to Blame") and three others entitled "Broken Lullabies", "Believe Me Now", and "Something's Gotta Give". Love's to Blame was co-written by St. James.[5]

text: In 2009, they signed on with Warner Music Group with Ben Glover as their producer. They changed their name to "For King & Country", after a British battle cry. Luke said,

text: "We wanted a band name that carried more meaning. We were in the studio recording our debut record that Joel had the idea of All The King's Men, like the Humpty Dumpty nursery rhyme. Our producer overheard our conversation and swung around in his chair and said, 'What about For King & Country?' And we all felt a sense of providence in that moment. "For King and Country" was the battle cry of English soldiers willing to lay down their lives for their king and their country. And now it has become our mission, to lay down our lives for our King and our country."[5]

text: In 2011, they released For King & Country: The EP. Their song "Busted Heart (Hold On To Me)" was released as a single and peaked at No. 3 on Billboard's Christian Songs chart.[8] They described "Busted Heart" as "really a universal cry of humanity for something greater than ourselves...We think we've got it all sorted out, and life will deal you those blows."[9] "Busted Heart" was the fastest-rising single of 2011 in their genre, climbing the Top 10 for weeks.[citation needed]

text: Their debut album Crave was released on 28 February 2012. The album hit No. 2 on the iTunes top Christian & Gospel albums on its day of release and No. 42 on the overall chart. It peaked at No. 4 on Billboard's Christian Albums chart, and remained on the chart for 41 weeks.[10] It also reached No. 128 on the Billboard 200 chart.[10] The album has received rave reviews from critics.

text: Shortly after Crave's release, they released "The Proof of Your Love" as a single, remixed and titled "The Proof of Your Love: The Monologue Mix". The single differs from the album version with a monologue spoken by Joel from 1 Corinthians 13:1-7 (The Message) as the bridge instead of the guitar riff on the album version. The single reached No. 8 on Billboard's Hot Christian Songs chart and spent 29 weeks on the chart.[11]

text: The band toured on the 2012 Winter Jam Tour Spectacular. In May 2012, they appeared on the Huckabee show on Fox News Channel.[12]

text: Their debut hit song, "Busted Heart (Hold on to Me)" was featured on 28 October 2012 episode of VH1's "Rehab with Dr. Drew."[13] Among other television placements, their songs "People Change" and "Love's To Blame" have been featured The CW's Vampire Diaries, and "Light It Up" and "Sane" have been featured on the Lifetime show Drop Dead Diva.[14][15]

text: In July 2012, they announced The Proof of Your Love Tour with Jason Castro and Dara Maclean to visit 30 cities from September through November 2012.[16]

text: In October 2012, they released an original Christmas song entitled "Baby Boy"; it reached No. 20 on the Hot Christian Songs chart.[17]

text: During the summer of 2013, the band was forced to take time off when the 6 ft 4 in (1.93 m) Luke dropped to 125 pounds (57 kg) due to an attack of ulcerative colitis.[18]

text: In June 2013, Joel Smallbone appeared in a non-singing role as King Xerxes in the film, The Book of Esther from Pure Flix Entertainment.[19]

text: In August 2013, the band released Hope Is What We Crave: Live, a live album and DVD, both recorded at The Factory in Nashville on the last night of the band's first headlining tour. They also released "Hope Is What We Crave" as a single. It is a reworked version of "Crave" from their album.[20]

text: The band toured with Casting Crowns starting in February 2014.[citation needed]

text: For King and Country released their new album Run Wild. Live Free. Love Strong. on 16 September 2014.[18] The album spent 17 weeks on the Billboard 200, peaking at No. 13,[21] and reached No. 12 on the Digital Albums Chart.[22]

text: The band performed their songs "Run Wild" and "Fix My Eyes" on Jimmy Kimmel Live! on 25 March 2015.[23][24] They were part of the Winter Jam Tour 2015 in the central and eastern parts of the United States[citation needed] and part of Winter Jam 2016.[25]

text: The duo released a deluxe anniversary edition of the album on 23 October 2015 including three new songs: "Priceless", "Ceasefire" and "Wholehearted", as well as a reworked version of "It's Not Over Yet", called "The Encore".[citation needed]

text: On 27 October 2017, they will release A for KING & COUNTRY Christmas LIVE, and shortly thereafter will embark on "A Glorious Christmas" tour with Casting Crowns.[26]

text: Personal life[edit]

text: The brothers were born in Sydney, Australia, to David and Helen Smallbone, and they moved to Nashville, Tennessee, after their father's job relocation, in 1991. They were raised with two sisters, Rebecca and Libby, and three other brothers, Ben, Dan, and Josh.[27]

text: Joel David Smallbone was born on 5 June 1984.[1][28] On 7 July 2013, Joel married Moriah Peters in California. The couple saved their first kiss for their wedding day.[29] They now reside in Nashville, Tennessee.[30]

text: Luke James Smallbone was born on 22 October 1986.[1][31][2] On 26 June 2010, Luke married Courtney Helm.[32] Their first child, Jude James Smallbone, was born on 19 December 2012.[33] They also have a son, Phoenix Alexander.[34][35] In late 2016, Luke announced via social media that he and his wife are expecting their third child.[36]

text: Discography[edit]

text: Studio albums[edit]

text:
Year
Album details
Peak chart positions
Certifications

US
US
Christ
US
Heat

2012
Crave

Released: 28 February 2012
Label: Warner Music Group
Format: CD, digital download

128
4
15

2014
Run Wild. Live Free. Love Strong.

Released: 16 September 2014
Label: Warner Music Group
Format: CD, digital download

13
2
—

RIAA: Gold[37]

text: EPs[edit]

text:
Year
Album

2008
A Tale of Two Towns: The EP

2011
For King & Country: The EP

2013
Into the Silent Night: The EP

text: Singles[edit]

text:
Year
Title
Peak chart positions
Certifications
Album

US Christ
[38]
US Heat

2011
"Busted Heart (Hold On to Me)"
3
—

Crave

2012
"The Proof of Your Love"
8[39]
4

RIAA: Gold[40]

"Baby Boy"
17[41]
—

Into the Silent Night: The EP

2013
"Middle of Your Heart"
16
—

Crave

"Hope Is What We Crave"A
21
—

2014
"Fix My Eyes"
3
—

RIAA: Gold[42]

Run Wild. Live Free. Love Strong.

2015
"Shoulders"
4
—

2016
"It's Not Over Yet"[43]
5
—

"Priceless"B
3
—

"Glorious"C
8
—

Into the Silent Night: The EP

2017
"O God Forgive Us"
(featuring KB)
16
—

Run Wild. Live Free. Love Strong.

text:
A"Hope Is What You Crave" is a re-worked version of "Crave" from the album Crave.[20]
B"Priceless" and"“O God Forgive Us" (featuring KB) are only available on the deluxe anniversary edition of Run Wild. Live Free. Love Strong.
C"Glorious" is only available on the extended edition of Into the Silent Night: The EP

text: Featured performer[edit]

text:
Year
Title
Artist
Album

2013
"Caught Dreaming"
Andy Mineo
Heroes for Sale

2014
"Messengers"
Lecrae
Anomaly

text: Joel Smallbone was featured on "Take this City" by Everfound.[44]

text: Film[edit]

text: Joel Smallbone was the lead actor in a 2016 drama about human trafficking entitled Priceless, which was released in theaters in October 2016. Luke was one of the producers (together with their father) and their brother Ben directed the movie. Some of the music for the film was written by For King & Country.[45]

text: Novel[edit]

text: A novel, Priceless: She's Worth Fighting For, based off the film, Priceless, was released on 6 September 2016.[46]

text: Awards and nominations[edit]

text: In December 2012, iTunes selected Crave as their Breakthrough Christian & Gospel Album of 2012[47] while at the inaugural K-LOVE Fan Awards held 1 June 2013 they collected the "Breakthrough Artist of the Year".[47] In 2015, they won two Grammy Awards at the 57th Grammy Awards, one for Best Contemporary Christian Music Album and one for Best Contemporary Christian Music Performance/Song.[48]

text: Grammy Awards

text:
Year
Award
Result

2015
Best Contemporary Christian Music Album (Run Wild. Live Free. Love Strong.)
Won

Best Contemporary Christian Music Performance/Song ("Messengers" Lecrae featuring for KING & COUNTRY)
Won

2017
Best Contemporary Christian Music Performance/Song ("Priceless")
Nominated

text: GMA Dove Awards

text:
Year
Award
Result

2013
Song of the Year ("The Proof of Your Love")
Nominated

Contemporary Christian Performance ("The Proof of Your Love")
Nominated

Pop/Contemporary Album of the Year (Crave)
Nominated

Rap/Hip-Hop Song of the Year ("Caught Dreaming" Andy Mineo featuring for KING & COUNTRY)
Nominated

New Artist of the Year
Won

Short Form Music Video of the Year ("The Proof of Your Love")
Nominated

2015
Contemporary Christian Artist of the Year
Won

Pop/Contemporary Album of the Year (Run Wild. Live Free. Love Strong.)
Won

2016
Contemporary Christian Artist of the Year
Won


document_title: Famous in Love

question_text: famous in love season 1 how many episodes

root

text: Famous in Love

text: Plot[edit]

text: Paige Townsen, an ordinary college student, gets her big break after auditioning for the starring role in a Hollywood blockbuster and must now navigate her new star-studded life and undeniable chemistry with her co-lead and her best friend.

tag: p

text: Cast and characters[edit]

text: Main[edit]

text:
Bella Thorne as Paige Townsen, a young college student who gets cast in the movie adaptation of a blockbuster book series called Locked, causing her life to change overnight.
Charlie DePew as Jake Salt, a down-to-earth guy from the Midwest with an edge who aspires to be a screenwriter and an indie filmmaker. He is Paige's best friend and one of her love interests. Charlie DePew replaced Jesse Henderson in the role from the original pilot.
Georgie Flores as Cassandra Perkins, Paige's roommate and close friend.
Carter Jenkins as Rainer Devon, the son of famous producer Nina Devon, and, as later revealed, Alan Mills. He is labeled the "sexiest man alive", and is a famous actor. He has a complicated friendship with Jordan Wilder and soon develops a romantic interest in Paige Townsen.
Niki Koss as Alexis Glenn, Rainer's old friend who competes for the same role as Paige and also holds a secret, revealed at the end of the pilot to be that she is bisexual.
Keith Powers as Jordan Wilder, a troubled star who lands the role of the other point in the movie's famous love triangle. He and Rainer have a complicated history which is further heightened by the fact that both share a past with Tangey.
Pepi Sonuga as Tangey Turner, a pop star with a controlling mother who was previously romantically connected with both Rainer Devon and Jordan Wilder, one of them as a love affair, which caused lots of drama and tension.
Perrey Reeves as Nina Devon, Rainer's smart and cunning mother. Confident and manipulative, she will do whatever it takes to make sure things go her way.

tag: ul

text: Recurring[edit]

text:
Jason Antoon as Wyatt
Nathan Stewart-Jarrett as Barrett
Shawn Christian as Alan
Vanessa Williams as Ida
Tom Maden as Adam

text: Production[edit]

text: Freeform, then known as ABC Family, had picked up the pilot for fast-track development on March 19, 2015.[2] The pilot was shot in November 2015; Freeform greenlit the pilot on April 7, 2016,[3] and shooting began on July 13, 2016, and wrapped up on October 18, 2016. On November 18, 2016, Freeform announced that the series would premiere on April 18, 2017. Freeform also released the entire season for viewing online on April 18, 2017. The series is based on the novel of the same name, written by Rebecca Serle. Serle worked with I. Marlene King to develop the novel into a television series.[4][5] Freeform renewed the series for a second season on August 3, 2017.[6]

text: Episodes[edit]

text: The entire first season was released on digital platforms, such as OnDemand, the Freeform App and website, and Hulu, on April 18, 2017.[7]

text:
No.
Title [8][9]
Directed by
Written by
Original air date [8][9]
U.S. viewers
(millions)

1
"Pilot"

Miguel Arteta
Tawnia McKiernan

Story by : Rebecca Serle
Teleplay by : I. Marlene King and Rebecca Serle
April 18, 2017 (2017-04-18)
0.65[10]

2
"A Star Is Torn"
Norman Buckley
I. Marlene King & Christopher Fife
April 25, 2017 (2017-04-25)
0.39[11]

3
"Not So Easy A"
Michael Goi
Tawnya Bhattacharya & Ali Laventhol
May 2, 2017 (2017-05-02)
0.30[12]

4
"Prelude to a Diss"
Mary Lou Belli
Rebecca Serle
May 9, 2017 (2017-05-09)
0.28[13]

5
"Some Like It Not"
Tanya Hamilton
William H. Brown
May 16, 2017 (2017-05-16)
0.21[14]

6
"Found in Translation"
Ron Lagomarsino
Kateland Brown
May 23, 2017 (2017-05-23)
0.26[15]

7
"Secrets & Pies"
Roger Kumble
Miguel Ian Raya
May 30, 2017 (2017-05-30)
0.29[16]

8
"Crazy Scripted Love"
Geary McLeod
Tawnya Bhattacharya & Ali Laventhol
June 6, 2017 (2017-06-06)
0.33[17]

9
"Fifty Shades of Red"
Susanna Fogel
Christopher Fife & William H. Brown
June 13, 2017 (2017-06-13)
0.36[18]

10
"Leaving Los Angeles"
Elizabeth Allen Rosenbaum
Melissa Carter
June 13, 2017 (2017-06-13)
0.23[18]

tag: table

text: Ratings[edit]

text:
Season
Episodes
First aired
Last aired
Avg. viewers
(millions)

Date
Viewers
(millions)
Date
Viewers
(millions)

1
10
April 18, 2017 (2017-04-18)
0.65[10]
June 13, 2017 (2017-06-13)
0.23[18]
0.33


document_title: Lean on Me (Kirk Franklin song)

question_text: who sings in kirk franklin lean on me

question_tokens: who sings in kirk franklin lean on me

text: Lean on Me (Kirk Franklin song)

text: History[edit]

text: Released as the first single in 1998, "Lean on Me" helped catapult The Nu Nation Project to becoming a 2x platinum gospel album.[3][4] The single is also an interpretation of the Bill Withers song “"Lean on Me”.[2] The song was a collaboration with artists Bono, Mary J. Blige, Crystal Lewis, and R. Kelly. The song was heavily praised for reaching both the gospel and secular radio. 1.5 million copies of the single have been sold to date and the single was nominated for Song of the Year Category for the 41st Grammy Awards.[5] The single was also nominated for Best R&B Song and Best R&B Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal.[5]

text: Kirk performed "Lean On Me" at the Grammy Awards in Los Angeles on 24 February before a TV audience of 1.5 billion people alongside Bono and Mary J. Blige.[6]

text: Live performances[edit]

text: "Lean on Me" was performed at the 41st Grammy Awards.


document_title: List of Back at the Barnyard characters

question_text: what kind of animal is freddy on barnyard

text: List of Back at the Barnyard characters

text: Main characters[edit]

text: Otis[edit]

text: Otis (voiced by Chris Hardwick (series); Kevin James (film)) is a male holstein cow who is the leader of the barnyard. Although male, he is called a "cow" in the show, Otis would not be in reality, as he has an udder, and would in fact be a bull or steer. This descrepency is not explained in the series. Otis is a huge party animal and enjoys anything with action or stunts and enjoys watching sports bloopers. He can also squirt milk out of his udders. In the episode "Cowman and Ratboy", Otis becomes a superhero named Cowman. He also appears as Cowman in the 1-hour special "Cowman, the Uddered Avenger". He has a big crush on Abby. Some of his other aliases are "Professor Exposition", politician "Ned Bovine", newsman "Gil O'Malley", golfer Heifer Woods (punning off the famous golf star Tiger Woods) along with many other human disguises, and in the show's Christmas special, we learn he went to high school with two of Santa Claus' reindeer, Donner and Blitzen. He also plays a lot of pranks the Farmer's neighbor Nora Beady. Otis makes a cameo in the pilot episode of Planet Sheen.

text: Pip[edit]

text: Pip (voiced by Jeff Garcia) is a great, gray, barn mouse who speaks with a slight Mexican accent and often rides around on his best friend Otis' shoulder. He has a crush on Bessy, the sassy and sarcastic cow best friend of Abby, but she always rejects him. Pip's superhero ego is Ratboy, the sidekick of Cowman. Pip is not usually involved with the gang's crazy schemes as much as Freddy, Peck, Pig, etc. are, but still, he usually comes along for the ride. Pip's human disguise makes people question him, to which another animal says 'He's the world's smallest man!'.

text: Abby[edit]

text: Abby (voiced by Leigh Allyn Baker) is a pretty, crazy intelligent, blonde, blue-eyed cow who resides in the barnyard and was created in order to replace Daisy, Otis's former love interest in the film, who failed to make any appearances in the series at all. Abby possesses a number of rowdy, tomboyish qualities such as a love of sports and has held multiple past occupations, including one as a trapeze artist. She holds a mutual infatuation for Otis, who refuses to admit his feelings in return for her albeit at many points throughout the series, signs of him holding a fondness for her that are inevitable have appeared (such as when Otis's miniature clone, in which all of Otis's personality traits are duplicated, fell in love with a small clone of Abby). It was revealed in one episode that Abby actually dyes her hair blonde, though her natural hair color has never been revealed, and she is close friends with Bessy, who was Daisy's best friend in the movie. Her superhero name is Cowgirl.

text: Pig[edit]

text: Pig (voiced by Tino Insana) is filthy, fat Pig and is the only character in the show to be named after his own species. He is very gluttonous and would eat anything, and he does so uncontrollably. In several episodes, Pig has various segments on the show that often interrupt the episode at its most important parts, with a few memorable segments are "Viewer Mail", "Ask Dr. Pig", a makeover segment and "Hollywood: Fact or Fiction?", which serves as filler time when an episode story is slightly shorter than its air time. Pig has a strong, but quite strange, love for unicorns, and he wished for one in the Christmas special, and is also the animal on the barnyard to dress up and disguise as humans the most times. He has a pet skunk named Skunky, and in one episode he is shown to have a beautiful singing voice. In another episode, after Pig sat on Pip's hand, it left a mark, and the animals believe that he is related to the pet pigs of Prince Fripplehoot, telling by a birthmark shaped like a crown on his backside and is therefore royal, but the stuck-up pigs turned him down. His superhero name is "Mr. Hamtastic." Pig makes a cameo in the pilot episode of Planet Sheen.

text: Freddy[edit]

text: Freddy (voiced by Cam Clarke) is a very funny, but dim-witted ferret (although he more closely resembles a weasel) who is best friends with Peck, a rooster whom he's often tempted to eat; he used to be a carnivore, but then he's become a vegetarian to assimilate to the barnyard. However, in multiple times in the series, Freddy has shown gestures of or attempted to eat Peck, but every time when he tries, his attempt is thwarted, either intentionally or unintentionally. He is illiterate, and suffers from paranoid delusions and has multiple personality disorders. It's notable how Freddy is the only character to almost be banished from the barnyard twice for crimes he never committed. Also, he's a character who's been struck by lightning multiple times throughout the series, but once, he temporarily became a genius after being struck. Freddy's superhero name is Paranoid Man.

text: Peck[edit]

text: Peck (voiced by Rob Paulsen), is an intelligent, but weak rooster who is best friends with Freddy and appears to be unaware of Freddy’s recurring urges to eat him. He is considered to be extremely accident prone. Peck seems to share a slight rivalry with Root, a larger, braver rooster on the barnyard, such as in "Pecky Suave", where we learn that Peck is shown to have a crush on a beautiful hen named Hanna. Peck's superhero name is "The Green Rooster."

text: Duke[edit]

text: Duke (voiced by Dom Irrera) is a sheepdog who is in charge of the Farmer's flock of intelligent sheep. Duke is clearly no match for the intellect possessed by the sheep he herds. Duke loves being a leader and being in charge of things, though no other animal wants him to be the leader because he is too irresponsible. This was first shown in the movie after Ben, the barnyard leader, was killed and Duke wanted to take his position as leader, but no other animal except his fellow dogs and a cat, wanted him to take the place of Ben and wanted Otis instead. In the series, Duke fancies himself as the barnyard's unofficial safety inspector and makes the barnyard watch a boring safety film once every year. Duke only enjoys dog activities, such as playing ball, so he doesn't hang around with Otis and his friends much, and as a result, sometimes feels lonely and left out.

text: Bessy[edit]

text: Bessy (voiced by Wanda Sykes) is a sassy brown cow who lives on the barnyard, and is best with sarcastic comments toward the others. In the movie, she was Daisy's best friend, but after Daisy was replaced by the more tomboyish Abby, she now serves as her best friend. Bessy is smarter than the other animals in the barnyard and doesn't like their antics. Even though Bessy is known to be the object of Pip's affections, she scornfully fails to return the same feelings. In the episode "Otis's Mom" , Bessy reveals that she lost her little son at a county fair, and mistakenly believed that her son was Otis. Bessy is shown to have a very rocky relationship with Otis, as she thinks he's too immature, though they remain friends.

text: Mrs. Beady[edit]

text: Noreen "Nora" Beady (voiced by Maria Bamford), more commonly known as Mrs. Beady, is a woman who lives close by to the barnyard. She is aware about the animals and does various attempts to expose their antics to the world. But no one else believes her because everyone else thinks she's insane, and whenever she attempts to expose the talking animals, the animals always find a way to sabotage her plan.

text: Farmer Buyer[edit]

text: Farmer Buyer (voiced by Fred Tatasciore) is the vegan owner of the barnyard for whom Otis cares deeply. Still, when the animals need some time alone to work on a private project (a movie they are trying to make, a theme park they are attempting to build, etc.), that does not stop them from trying to drive him away with a prank phone call. In the film, whenever he saw or suspected the animals of being alive, he was always kicked unconscious by Miles.

text: Snotty Boy[edit]

text: Eugene "Snotty Boy" Beady (voiced by Steve Oedekerk) is the rude, hateful, and bratty nephew of Nora Beady. He easily falls for pranks pulled on him by the barn animals, being very dimwitted, and is the object of their hatred, calling him "Snotty Boy." Eugene, whose dad is a clown (known to snore and cry in the tune of "March of the Gladiators, a common circus tune), is extremely obese and the only person who he is ever nice to is his aunt and tortures his uncle. Despite his cruel ways, he considers himself a ladies' man. His catchphrase is "Ha Ha Ha!" similar to that of Nelson Muntz from "The Simpsons".

text: Recurring characters[edit]

text: Mr. Beady[edit]

text: Nathan Randall Beady III (voiced by Steve Oedekerk), more commonly known as Mr. Beady, is Mrs. Beady's reluctant husband who miserably tries to convince his wife that animals do not talk. Mrs. Beady often calls him "Mr. Lump" because he always sits on a chair watching TV and rejects everything Mrs. Beady says about the talking barn animals. He is also shown to be miserable on a semi-constant basis, on some occasions wishing for death. He is mostly seen with a Beverage in his hand which appears to be either Soda or Beer.

text: Sheep[edit]

text: The Sheep (voiced by Chris Hardwick, Leigh-Allyn Baker, Cam Clarke, Rob Paulsen and Jeff Bennett) always hang around together in an eternally-close herd and are more intelligent than Duke. They often quote famous literature and make snide comments toward Duke. They seem to be very intelligent and philosophical despite their farmly upbringings.

text: Etta[edit]

text: Etta (voiced by Leigh-Allyn Baker) is the lead hen and the mother of Maddy. She used to be a good friend of Ben.

text: The Jersey Cows[edit]

text: The Jersey Cows are Eddy, Igg and Bud, 3 cows who enjoy pranking humans and dislike having rules. Eddy is the leader out of the 3 cows. They're seen in the episodes "Cow's Night Out" and "Otis' Mom", and also have cameo appearances in several other episodes as well.

text: Everett[edit]

text: Everett (voiced by Lloyd Sherr) is the farmer's old bloodhound. The elderly dog first appeared in the movie, where he celebrated his 13th birthday, making him 91 in dog years. As the oldest animal on the Barnyard, Everett is depicted as being droopy and is as thin as his own skeleton, which can easily be seen. Everett uses a walker to get around, except for when he is playing an instrument, and hardly ever talks, but in very few episodes, he speaks. In an episode, it was revealed that he was once an explorer and he is a good fighter when he was protecting the corn from the crows.

text: Skunky[edit]

text: Skunky (voiced by Rob Paulsen) is Pig's pet skunk who is considered as the latter's best friend, much to Otis' chagrin, as seen in "Pig Amok". In "Doggleganger", it is revealed he hates Duke. He appeared in "Snotty's New Pet", where Pig threw him through the window to skunk Snotty. He appeared in later episodes.

text: Tony Twocheeks[edit]

text: Tony Twocheeks (voiced by Rob Paulsen) is a gopher entrepreneur who lives near the Barnyard. He often cons those who buy from him. He has an Elvis-like hairdo, sunglasses, and is sometimes seen chewing on a toothpick. He never appeared in Season 2, presumably being drowned by Chubs Malone as mentioned in Otis Eleven.

text: The Vet[edit]

text: "The Vet" (voiced by Audery Wasilewski and Julia Sweeney) is a female veterinarian who is called in to give the animals check ups. Many of the animals fear her, due to the pain she inflicts whenever she performs a physical. However, unlike Snotty Boy, she is oblivious to the suffering her patients go through, and actually loves animal. She appeared in only four episodes: "Dead Cow Walking", "Snotty's Day Out", "Doggleganger", and "Dream Birthday". Animals (and sometimes people) fear her checkups. Farmer Buyer also seems to hold secret affections towards the Vet, as seen in "Dream Birthday".

text: Root[edit]

text: Root (voiced by Nathaniel Stroman) is Peck's rival. He hosts the weekly talent show at the barn.

text: Baxter[edit]

text: Baxter (voiced by Kevin McDonald) was a small white dog with pointed ears who became Duke's nemesis after he met him at an animal clinic in the episode "Doggleganger". He disguised as Duke with the help of black spray paint to give him spots and markings like Duke's. Although Baxter seemed to be a stray, he might have had an owner in order to be able to afford medical care. He made two more appearances, first as Duke's replacement on the Barnyard, and then tried to marry Duke's sister, Stamps, only for the fact she was second in line to a relative's priceless bone collection, was later tricked by Wedding-Dress Duke into "Marrying" Baxter to get the truth out.

text: Buck[edit]

text: Buck is a brown horse who lives on the barnyard who has a terrible temper and despises Otis. In the episode "Some Like It Snotty" where Otis dresses up as a girl to prove they have easier lives than boys and ends up becoming Snotty Boy's temporary girlfriend, Buck also dressed up as a girl.

text: Bigfoot[edit]

text: Bigfoot (voiced by Dee Bradley Baker), who debuted in "Otis vs. Bigfoot" is mythological reported ape creature was in love with Abby and wanted to live at the Barnyard, but opted to go away. He was seen in several episodes since as a minor character, such as a judge in "Barnyard Idol", a mayoral candidate in "Otis for Mayor" and was also a singer. He also tricked the masses into thinking he was dead, but the animals later discovered it was a publicity stunt to keep the paparazzi away from him. Apparently, Bigfoot can also fly and has his own theme song similar to Gamera. In multiple episodes, it is shown that he is afraid of flash photography.

text: Goat[edit]

text: Goat is a brownish-gray goat who is known for giving rides to Otis (i.e. The Great Sheep Escape, The Chronicles of Barnia). The goat has also played saxophone and even given advice to the others.

text: Pizza Twins[edit]

text: The Pizza Twins (voiced by Rob Paulsen and Steve Oedekerk) are identical twin pizza delivery boys who first appeared in the original movie and often deliver pizza to the barnyard. The duo are very unintelligent and whenever they manage to successfully perform a task (either good or bad) they chant their famous line, "Doodley-doo-doo doo.".

text: Hilly Burford[edit]

text: Hilly Burford (voiced by John DiMaggio) is the series' British news anchor who also is a judge in "Do You Gots It?", served as Santa Claus in "It's an Udderful Life" and hosts the game show "Trivia Cash A-Ding-Dong" in the episode, "A Beautiful Freddy". His voice and characterization is a tribute to Will Ferrell's impression of longtime baseball announcer Harry Caray.

text: Officer O'Hanlon[edit]

text: Officer Frederick "Fred" O'Hanlon (voiced by John DiMaggio) is a local police officer who first appeared in the film. In "Chain Gang" he serves as the prison warden because of budget cuts. He teamed up with Mrs. Beady to capture Bigfoot in "Otis vs. Bigfoot".

text: Jessica Allspice[edit]

text: Jessica Allspice (voiced by Maria Bamford) is a celebrity pop diva and was featured as a judge on the show Do You Gots It? Her catchphrase is, "I wanna party with you." She is a spoof of Jessica Simpson.

text: Joey, Macy and Boil[edit]

text: Three children are in the Barnyard that go to school, where Peck is the teacher. They are Joey the Cow (voiced by Rob Paulsen), Macy the Sheep (voiced by Maile Flanagan) and Boil the Chick (voiced by Chris Hardwick).

text: Guest characters[edit]

text: Max Fripplehoot[edit]

text: Max Fripplehoot (voiced by Maurice LaMarche) is a wealthy man with a hot temper, who appeared in the episode "Chez Pig", where he tries to buy Pig's truffle pie recipe. But the animals refused in the end.

text: Bingo[edit]

text: Bingo (voiced by Mark DeCarlo) is a monkey test pilot who appeared in the episode "The Right Cow". He crashed into the barnyard with his spaceship, and he tries to get rid of Otis so he could be Barnyard leader. At the end, he was blasted to outer space on a spaceship, vowing to return.

text: Mr. Jinx[edit]

text: A ventriloquist dummy made by Otis so Freddy could find a talent, but then does mean things to the animals and lets Freddy take the blame. He was than defeated by Freddy, and was revealed that the dummy was controlled by termites who wanted revenge on Otis for destroying their tree which was their home.

text: Stupid McStinky Head[edit]

text: Stupid McStinky Head (voiced by Jeff Bennet) is the name that Snotty Boy gave to his pet snake. He is seen in one episode, "Snotty's New Pet", where Snotty captures Pip and plans to feed Pip to the snake. But eventually the snake becomes friends with him when he realizes Pip is the only one who likes him.

text: Juanita[edit]

text: Juanita (voiced by Grey DeLisle) is a female, trapeze-artist. She is seen at “Big top Barnyard” on the tightrope. In “Bling My Barn”, at the restaurant.

text: Chubbs Malone[edit]

text: Chubbs Malone (voiced by Mark DeCarlo) is the head of the Gopher Underground shop. In Otis Eleven it was mentioned that he took Tony Twocheeks on a fishing trip but Tony never came back, leading to speculation that he drowned Tony Twocheeks. He maliciously tried to take over the barn by cheating to win a game of Fizzbin and make the night barn the gophers' party place. But when Otis saves his life from a falling anvil, Chubbs feels grateful and gives back the barn to the animals.

text: Krouser Krebs[edit]

text: Krouser Krebs (voiced by Thomas F. Wilson) is a duck bully from Otis's childhood who was famous for making Otis squirt milk at himself. He only appears in "Brave Udders." He only wanted to apologize to Otis until Otis's friends got him mad and made Krebs attack them mercilessly. He leaves the barnyard to apologize to a warthog across town and in anger of Otis's friends attacking him.

text: Hanna[edit]

text: Hanna is a hen who's Peck's crush. Peck repeatedly tried to talk to her in an episode but he always gets too shy when approaching her.

text: Wild Mike[edit]

text: Wild Mike is a troll usually kept in a cage. When released from the cage, he dances and causes all the animals around him to dance with him. He first appeared in the Barnyard movie, but was never introduced in the television series until the episode "Wild Mike's Dance Party".

text: Veronica[edit]

text: Veronica is a lovely femme fatale and Abby's cousin who appeared in the episode "Abby and Veronica," who, according to Abby, was a tomboy during childhood but appears to have dropped any masculine personality traits but still seems to be as good a fighter as Abby had described her as before her visit. In this episode, Veronica enticed all males on the barnyard into fetching a diamond for her from a nearby jewel mine, but Abby, knowing the many perils of that particular mine, beautified herself in hopes of achieving more gorgeousness than Veronica, so she may convince all of the male animals that her relative had deceived into cancelling any plans of finding a diamond for Veronica (especially Otis).

text: Dr. Filly[edit]

text: Dr. Filly (parody of Dr. Phil) is a horse psychiatrist. In "Paging Dr. Filly", the animals hired him to cure Peck and Freddy's arguing, but he appeared to make things worse. It was then revealed that this wasn't the real Dr. Filly and instead, it was a former patient of his, an impersonator donkey named Chip.

text: Shmoozy[edit]

text: Shmoozy is a whale who appeared in the episode "Free Shmoozy". The animals liberate Shmoozy from a park but they end up becoming swallowed by the whale. At the end of the episode the animals discover that Shmoozy was just playing around and has no intent of eating them. Shmoozy talks whale language, so only Freddy understands him.

text: Mr. Wiggleplix[edit]

text: Mister Wiggleplix is an invisible hedgehog who could only be visible when covered with flour. He is Pig's friend who appeared in the episode "Mr. Wiggleplix". Because he was not visible, everybody believed he was Pig's imaginary friend. In the episode, Pig believed that Otis killed him but in the end, otherwise it was revealed.

text: "Weird Al" Yankovic[edit]

text: "Weird Al" Yankovic (portrayed as a talking horse and voiced by himself) is Bessy's famous accordion-playing friend. Yankovic was seen in the episode, "Get Bessy".

text: Canadian Crows[edit]

text: A group of mischievous crows from Canada who enjoy stealing the barnyard's corn. They speak with a French accent.

text: Stamps[edit]

text: Stamps (voiced by Nika Futterman) is Duke's sister who appeared in "Puppy Love". She was seen dating Baxter, but it was revealed that Baxter did not love her, only her prized possessions.

text: Prunella[edit]

text: Prunella (voiced by Grey DeLisle) is a she-donkey that appeared in the episode "Hickory Dickory Donkey" and uses Pip as a fake boyfriend to make her real boyfriend, Thor jealous.

text: Plucky[edit]

text: "Plucky" is a Tyrannosaurus rex that starred in "Plucky and Me." His roar is equivalent to the T. rex roar from Jurassic Park.

text: Film-only characters[edit]

text: Daisy[edit]

text: Daisy (voiced by Courteney Cox) was Otis's love interest in the movie. She later gave birth to a male calf and named it Li'l Ben after Otis's late father, and because Daisy's husband was probably killed after a storm blew Daisy and Bessy's herd away, Otis became baby Ben's adoptive father. In the series, Daisy was completely replaced by Abby, who was more of a tomboy. No mention of Daisy or her son Ben has come up in the series ever since.

text: Ben[edit]

text: Ben (voiced by Sam Elliott) was the former leader of the Barnyard. In the movie, he was killed by a pack of evil coyotes. He was Otis' adoptive father, who took him in when he found him in the meadow as an infant. He was more strict than Otis, who enjoys partying. Daisy also named her baby calf after him at the climax. Ben has only been mentioned on the show once.

text: Dag[edit]

text: Dag (voiced by David Koechner) was a red coyote and the main antagonist in the original Barnyard movie. He is the leader of a large pack of wild coyotes who live in a local junkyard and prey on the local farmfowl. Dag and his pack captured all the chickens, but under Otis' leadership, the animals were able to free the chickens and scare away all the coyotes. Otis, after threatening to punch Dag and ordering him to never return, then proceeded to swing the coyote out of the junkyard using his golf skills.

text: Miles[edit]

text: Miles (voiced by Danny Glover) was an old mule who was a good friend of Ben's. When Ben died, Miles was crucial in mentoring Otis which helped him assume his position of leadership and defeat the coyotes. He has never been mentioned in the show, although he can be seen in the theme song.

text: Maddy[edit]

text: Maddy (voiced by Madeline Lovejoy) was a young chick who enjoys playing with Otis. She was slightly troublesome for her mother Etta to take care of because she often wandered off from her family.

text: Biggie Cheese[edit]

text: Biggie Cheese is a rapper that appears for a few minutes. He sings the song Boombastic by Shaggy.

text: Coyotes[edit]

text: The Coyotes are Dag's henchmen and the secondary antagonists in the original Barnyard movie. At the end, they are scared away by Otis' friends.

text: Lists of characters in American television animation


document_title: And Then There Were None

question_text: who was the murderer and then there were none

text: And Then There Were None

text: Plot summary[edit]

text: On a hot 8th of August in the late 1930s, eight people arrive on a small, isolated island off the Devon coast of England. Each has an invitation tailored to his or her personal circumstances, such as an offer of employment or an unexpected late summer holiday. They are met by Thomas and Ethel Rogers, the butler and cook-housekeeper, who state that their hosts, Mr Ulick Norman Owen and his wife Mrs Una Nancy Owen, whom they have not yet met in person, have not arrived, but left instructions, which strikes all the guests as odd.

text: A framed copy of a nursery rhyme, "Ten Little Niggers"[8] (called "Ten Little Indians" or "Ten Little Soldiers" in later editions), hangs in every guest's room, and ten figurines sit on the dining room table. After supper, a gramophone (or "phonograph") record is played;  the recording describes each visitor in turn, accuses each of having committed murder but escaping justice, and then asks if any of "the accused" wishes to offer a defence. All but Anthony Marston and Philip Lombard deny the charges, and Miss Brent refuses to discuss the matter.

text: They discover that none of them actually knows the Owens, and Justice Wargrave concludes that the name "U.N. Owen" is shorthand for "Unknown". After the recording, Marston finishes his drink and immediately dies from cyanide poisoning. The remaining guests notice that one of the ten figurines is now broken, and the nursery rhyme appears to reflect the manner of death ("One choked his little self and then there were nine").

text: The next morning, Mrs Rogers' corpse is found in her bed; she had died in her sleep from an overdose of chloral hydrate. By lunchtime, General MacArthur is found dead, from a heavy blow to his head. Two more figurines are found to be broken, and again the deaths parallel the rhyme. Miss Brent relates the account of the gramophone charge against her to Vera Claythorne, who later tells the others.

text: A search for Mr Owen shows that nobody else is on the island except the remaining seven. The island is a "bare rock" with no hiding places, and no one could have arrived or left; thus, they conclude that any one of the seven remaining persons is the killer. Wargrave leads the group in determining that so far, none of them can definitively be ruled out as the murderer. The next morning, Rogers is found dead while chopping wood, and after breakfast, Miss Brent is found dead in the kitchen, where she had been left alone after complaining of feeling unwell; she had been injected with potassium cyanide via a hypodermic needle.

text: Wargrave then suggests searching all the rooms, and any potentially dangerous items they can think of are locked up. Lombard's gun is missing from his room. When Vera goes upstairs to take a bath, she is shocked by the touch and smell of seaweed left hanging from the ceiling of her room and screams; the remaining guests rush upstairs to her room. Wargrave, however, is still downstairs. The others find him seated, immobile and crudely dressed up in the attire of a judge. Wargrave is examined briefly by Dr Armstrong and pronounced dead from a gunshot to the forehead.

text: That night, Lombard appears surprised when he finds his gun returned to his room. Blore catches a glimpse of someone leaving the house but loses the trail. He then discovers Armstrong is absent from his room, and the remaining three guests conclude that Armstrong must be the killer. Vera, Blore, and Lombard decide to stay together at all times. In the morning, they signal SOS to the mainland from outside by using a mirror and sunlight, but receive no reply. Blore then  returns to the house for food by himself and is killed by a heavy bear-shaped clock statue that is pushed from Vera's window sill, crushing his skull.

text: Vera and Lombard are now confident that Armstrong is the killer. However, shortly afterwards, the duo come upon Armstrong's body washed up on the beach. They realize that Armstrong could not have killed Blore. Panicked, each concludes the other must be the killer. Quickly regaining her composure, Vera suggests moving the doctor's body past the shore, but this is a pretext. She lifts Lombard's gun. When Lombard lunges at her to get it back, she shoots him dead.

text: She returns to the house in a shaken dreamlike state, relieved to be alive. She finds a noose and chair arranged in her room, and a strong smell of the sea. With visions of her former lover Hugo urging her on, she adjusts the noose and kicks the chair out from under her.

text: Two Scotland Yard officials are puzzled by the identity of U N Owen. Although they can partially reconstruct the deaths from Marston to Wargrave with the help of the victims' diaries and a coroner's careful report, they conclude that U N  Owen was one of the victims, but are unable to determine which one. The chair on which Vera stood to hang herself had been set back upright, indicating that someone was still alive on the island after her suicide, presumably the killer.

text: In a postscript, a fishing ship picks up a bottle inside its trawling nets; the bottle contains a written confession of the killings, which is then sent to Scotland Yard. It is not clear how long after the killings the bottle was discovered.

text: In the confession, Justice Wargrave writes that he has long wished to set an unsolvable puzzle of murder. His victims would be of his choosing, as they were not found guilty in a trial. He explains how he tricked Dr Armstrong into helping him fake his own death under the pretext that it would help the group identify the killer. He also explains that he replaced the chair in Vera's room. Finally, he reveals how he used the gun and some elastic to ensure his own death matched the account in the guests' diaries. Although he wished to create an unsolvable mystery, he acknowledges in the missive a "pitiful human need" for recognition, hence the confession.

text: He describes how his first victim was Isaac Morris, the sleazy lawyer and drugs trafficker who anonymously purchased the island and arranged the invitations on his behalf, making nine murders and two suicides. Morris was poisoned before Wargrave departed for the island. Wargrave's intention is to stymie the police as to which person on the island was the murderer. He states that, although there are three clues that could guide the police to the correct killer, he is confident they will be unable to find them and that the mystery will remain unsolved until the confession is read.

text: Characters[edit]

text: The following details of the characters are based on the original novel published in England.

text:
Anthony James Marston, an amoral and irresponsible young man, killed two young children (John and Lucy Combes) while driving recklessly, for which he felt no real remorse and accepted no personal responsibility, complaining only that his driving licence had been suspended as a result. He was the first island victim.
Mrs Ethel Rogers, the cook/housekeeper and Thomas Rogers' wife, described as a pale and ghost-like woman who walks in mortal fear. She was dominated by her bullying husband, who coerced her into agreeing to withhold the medicine of a former employer (Miss Jennifer Brady, an elderly spinster) in order that they might collect an inheritance they knew she had left them in her will. Mrs Rogers was the second victim.
General John Gordon MacArthur, a retired World War I war hero, who sent his late wife's lover (a younger officer, Arthur Richmond) to his death by assigning him to a mission where it was practically guaranteed he would not survive. Leslie MacArthur had mistakenly put the wrong letters in the envelopes on one occasion when she wrote to both men at the same time. The general tells Vera that no one will leave the island alive.
Thomas Rogers, the butler and Ethel Rogers' husband. He dominated his weak-willed wife, and they killed their former elderly employer by withholding her medicine, causing the woman to die from heart failure, thus inheriting the money she bequeathed them in her will. Despite his wife's death, Rogers was still serving the others.
Emily Caroline Brent, an elderly, religiously rigid, socially respectable spinster who accepted the vacation on Soldier Island largely due to financial constraints. Years earlier, she had dismissed her teenage maid, Beatrice Taylor, for becoming pregnant out of wedlock. Beatrice, who had already been rejected by her parents for the same reason, drowned herself, which Miss Brent considered an even worse sin. The murderer put a bee into the room, in addition to murder by poison. ("A bumblebee stung one...")
Dr Edward George Armstrong, a Harley Street doctor, responsible for the death of a patient, Louisa Mary Clees, after he operated on her while drunk many years earlier.
William Henry Blore, a former police inspector and now a private investigator, was accused of falsifying his testimony in court for a bribe from a dangerous criminal gang, which resulted in an innocent man, James Landor, being convicted and sentenced to life imprisonment. Landor, who had a wife and young child, died shortly afterwards in prison. He arrived under the alias "Davis" from South Africa, on the island for "security work". His true name is revealed on the gramophone recording. He denies the accusation against him from the gramophone recording, but later admits the truth to Lombard.
Philip Lombard, a soldier of fortune. Literally down to his last square meal, he comes to the island with a loaded revolver, as suggested by his invitation letter. Lombard is accused of causing the deaths of a number of East African tribesmen, after stealing their food and abandoning them to their deaths. Neither he nor Marston feels any remorse. He is the only one to theorize that U N Owen might be Wargrave, but the others reject this. He and Vera are the only victims not killed by Justice Wargrave.
Vera Elizabeth Claythorne, a cool, efficient, resourceful young woman who is on leave from her position as a sports mistress at a third-rate girls' school. Her job as a governess was ended by the death of her charge, Cyril Hamilton. Claythorne let the boy drown so his uncle Hugo Hamilton could inherit the family estate and marry her. Hugo rejected her when he somehow realized what she had done.
Justice Lawrence John Wargrave, a retired judge, known as a "hanging judge" for liberally awarding the death penalty in murder cases. Wargrave is accused of influencing the jury to hand a guilty verdict to Edward Seton, a man many thought was innocent of his crime of killing an old woman, and sentencing him to death unfairly. As the two policemen discuss at Scotland Yard, new evidence after Seton's execution proved Seton's guilt. He admits in his postscript that he has a lifelong hidden sadistic urge to kill, but only the guilty. Finding himself terminally ill, he devises and carries out this plot.
Isaac Morris is an unethical lawyer hired by Wargrave to purchase the island (under the name U N Owen), arrange the gramophone recording, and make arrangements on his behalf, including gathering information on the near destitute Philip Lombard, to whom he gave some money to get by  and recommended Lombard bring his gun to the island. Morris's is the first death, as he died before the guests arrived on the island. Morris was responsible for the addiction and suicide of a young woman through his narcotics activities. The victim was the daughter of a friend of Wargrave. He accepts Wargrave's lethal cocktail of pills, as something that would help him.
Fred Narracott, the boatman who delivered the guests to the island. After doing so, he does not appear again in the story, although Inspector Maine notes it was Narracott who, sensing something seriously amiss, returned to the island as soon as the weather allowed, before he was scheduled to do, and found the bodies. Maine speculates that it was the normalcy and ordinariness of the guests that convinced Narracott to do so and ignore his orders to dismiss any signals requesting help.
Sir Thomas Legge and Inspector Maine, two Scotland Yard detectives who discuss the case in the epilogue. They reason out the events of the case, but are stymied as to which was the murderer until the confession comes to light.

text: Literary significance and reception[edit]

text: Writing for The Times Literary Supplement of 11 November 1939, Maurice Percy Ashley stated, "If her latest story has scarcely any detection in it there is no scarcity of murders... There is a certain feeling of monotony inescapable in the regularity of the deaths which is better suited to a serialized newspaper story than a full-length novel. Yet there is an ingenious problem to solve in naming the murderer", he continued. "It will be an extremely astute reader who guesses correctly."[9]

text: For The New York Times Book Review (25 February 1940), Isaac Anderson has arrived to the point where "the voice" accuses the ten "guests" of their past crimes, which have all resulted in the deaths of human, and then said, "When you read what happens after that you will not believe it, but you will keep on reading, and as one incredible event is followed by another even more incredible you will still keep on reading. The whole thing is utterly impossible and utterly fascinating. It is the most baffling mystery that Agatha Christie has ever written, and if any other writer has ever surpassed it for sheer puzzlement the name escapes our memory. We are referring, of course, to mysteries that have logical explanations, as this one has. It is a tall story, to be sure, but it could have happened."[10]

text: Many compared the book to her novel The Murder of Roger Ackroyd (1926). For instance, an unnamed reviewer in the Toronto Daily Star of 16 March 1940 said, "Others have written better mysteries than Agatha Christie, but no one can touch her for ingenious plot and surprise ending. With And Then There Were None... she is at her most ingenious and most surprising... is, indeed, considerably above the standard of her last few works and close to the Roger Ackroyd level."[11]

text: Other critics laud the use of plot twists and surprise endings. Maurice Richardson wrote a rhapsodic review in The Observer's issue of 5 November 1939 which began, "No wonder Agatha Christie's latest has sent her publishers into a vatic trance. We will refrain, however, from any invidious comparisons with Roger Ackroyd and be content with saying that Ten Little Niggers is one of the very best, most genuinely bewildering Christies yet written. We will also have to refrain from reviewing it thoroughly, as it is so full of shocks that even the mildest revelation would spoil some surprise from somebody, and I am sure that you would rather have your entertainment kept fresh than criticism pure." After stating the set-up of the plot, Richardson concluded, "Story telling and characterisation are right at the top of Mrs Christie's baleful form. Her plot may be highly artificial, but it is neat, brilliantly cunning, soundly constructed, and free from any of those red-herring false trails which sometimes disfigure her work."[3]

text: Robert Barnard, a recent critic, concurred with the reviews, describing the book as "Suspenseful and menacing detective-story-cum-thriller. The closed setting with the succession of deaths is here taken to its logical conclusion, and the dangers of ludicrousness and sheer reader-disbelief are skillfully avoided. Probably the best-known Christie, and justifiably among the most popular."[12]

text: The original title of the mystery (Ten Little Niggers) has been changed because it was offensive in English-speaking countries and some others. Few critics have opined that Christie's original title and the setting on "Nigger Island" (later changed to "Indian Island" and "Soldier Island", variously) may be integral to the work. These aspects of the novel, argues Alison Light, "could be relied upon automatically to conjure up a thrilling 'otherness', a place where revelations about the 'dark side' of the English would be appropriate."[13] Unlike novels such as Heart of Darkness, "Christie's location is both more domesticated and privatized, taking for granted the construction of racial fears woven into psychic life as early as the nursery. If her story suggests how easy it is to play upon such fears, it is also a reminder of how intimately tied they are to sources of pleasure and enjoyment."[13]

text: In the "Binge!" article of Entertainment Weekly Issue #1343-44 (26 December 2014–3 January 2015), the writers picked And Then There Were None as an "EW favorite" on the list of the "Nine Great Christie Novels".[14]

text: Current published version of the rhyme[edit]

text:
Ten little Soldier Boys went out to dine;
One choked his little self and then there were nine.

Nine little Soldier Boys sat up very late;
One overslept himself and then there were eight.

Eight little Soldier Boys travelling in Devon;
One said he'd stay there and then there were seven.[15]

Seven little Soldier Boys chopping up sticks;
One chopped himself in halves and then there were six.

Six little Soldier Boys playing with a hive;
A bumblebee stung one and then there were five.

Five little Soldier Boys going in for law;
One got in Chancery and then there were four.

Four little Soldier Boys going out to sea;
A red herring swallowed one and then there were three.

Three little Soldier Boys walking in the zoo;
A big bear hugged one and then there were two.

Two little Soldier Boys sitting in the sun;
One got frizzled up and then there was one.[16]

One little Soldier Boy left all alone;
He went out and hanged himself and then there were none.[17]

text: 19th Century original verses[edit]

text: This children's rhyme was originally written as songs in the 19th century, one in Britain in 1869[18] and one in the US in 1868.[19]

text:
Ten Little Niggers(Frank Green)[18]

Ten Little Indians(Septimus Winner)[19]

Ten little nigger boys went out to dine
One choked his little self, and then there were nine.
Nine little nigger boys sat up very late
One overslept himself, and then there were eight.
Eight little nigger boys traveling in Devon
One said he'd stay there, and then there were seven.
Seven little nigger boys chopping up sticks
One chopped himself in half, and then there were six.
Six little nigger boys playing with a hive
A bumble-bee stung one, and then there were five.
Five little nigger boys going in for law
One got in chancery, and then there were four.
Four little nigger boys going out to sea
A red herring swallowed one, and then there were three.
Three little nigger boys walking in the zoo
A big bear hugged one, and then there were two.
Two little nigger boys sitting in the sun
One got frizzled up, and then there was one.
One little nigger boys living all alone
He went and hanged himself and then there were none.

Ten little Injuns standin' in a line,
One toddled home and then there were nine;
Nine little Injuns swingin' on a gate,
One tumbled off and then there were eight.

Refrain :
One little, two little, three little, four little, five little Injuns boys,
Six little, seven little, eight little, nine little, ten little Injuns boys.
Eight little Injuns gayest under heav'n,
One went to sleep and then there were seven;
Seven little Injuns cutting up their tricks,
One broke his neck and then there were six.
Six little Injuns kickin' all alive,
One kick'd the bucket and then there were five;
Five little Injuns on a cellar door,
One tumbled in and then there were four.
Four little Injuns up on a spree,
One he got fuddled and then there were three;
Three little Injuns out in a canoe,
One tumbled overboard and then there were two.
Two little Injuns foolin' with a gun,
One shot t'other and then there was one;
One little Injuns livin' all alone,
He got married and then there were none.

text: The title[edit]

text: The novel was originally published in late 1939 and early 1940 almost simultaneously, in the United Kingdom and the United States. In the UK it appeared under the title Ten Little Niggers, in book and newspaper serialized formats. The serialization was in 23 parts in the Daily Express from Tuesday 6 June to Saturday 1 July 1939. All of the instalments carried an illustration by "Prescott" with the first having an illustration of Burgh Island in Devon which inspired the setting of the story. The serialized version did not contain any chapter divisions.[20] The book retailed for seven shillings and six pence.

text: In the United States it was published under the title And Then There Were None, again in both book and serial formats. Both of the original US publications changed the title from that originally used in the UK, due to the offensiveness of the word in American culture, where it was more widely perceived as a racially loaded ethnic slur or insult compared to contemporary UK culture, rather than a fairly innocent rhyme for children to use when selecting one child for a game. The serialized version appeared in the Saturday Evening Post in seven parts from 20 May (Volume 211, Number 47) to 1 July 1939 (Volume 212, Number 1) with illustrations by Henry Raleigh, and the book was published in January 1940 by Dodd, Mead and Company for $2.[4][5][6]

text: In the original UK novel all references to "Indians" or "Soldiers" were originally "Nigger", including the island's name, the pivotal rhyme found by the visitors, and the ten figurines.[5] (In Chapter 7, Vera Claythorne becomes semi-hysterical at the mention by Miss Brent of "our black brothers", which is understandable only in the context of the original name.) UK editions changed to the current definitive title in 1985.[21] The word "nigger" was already racially offensive in the United States by the start of the 20th century, and therefore the book's first US edition and first serialization changed the title to And Then There Were None and removed all references to the word from the book, as did the 1945 motion picture.[citation needed]

text: Publication history[edit]

text: This is the best selling crime novel of all time, and what makes Agatha Christie the best selling novelist.[2] It is Christie's best-selling novel, with more than 100 million copies sold; it is also the world's best-selling mystery and one of the best-selling books of all time. Publications International lists the novel as the sixth best-selling title.[7]

text: The book and its adaptations have been released under various new names since the original publication, including Ten Little Indians (1946 play, Broadway performance and 1964 paperback book), Ten Little Soldiers and official title per the Agatha Christie Limited website, And Then There Were None.[2] UK editions continued to use the work's original title until the 1980s; the first UK edition to use the alternative title And Then There Were None appeared in 1985 with a reprint of the 1963 Fontana Paperback.[21]

text:
Christie, Agatha (November 1939). Ten Little Niggers. London: Collins Crime Club. OCLC 152375426.  Hardback, 256 pp. (First edition.)
Christie, Agatha (January 1940). And Then There Were None. New York: Dodd, Mead. OCLC 1824276.  Hardback, 264 pp. (First US edition.)
Christie, Agatha (1944). And Then There Were None. New York: Pocket Books (Pocket number 261). Paperback, 173 pp.
Christie, Agatha (1947). Ten Little Niggers. London: Pan Books (Pan number 4). Paperback, 190 pp.
Christie, Agatha (1958). Ten Little Niggers. London: Penguin Books (Penguin number 1256). Paperback, 201 pp.
Christie, Agatha (1963). And Then There Were None. London: Fontana. OCLC 12503435.  Paperback, 190 pp. (The 1985 reprint was the first UK publication of the novel under the title And Then There Were None.)[21]
Christie, Agatha (1964). Ten Little Indians. New York: Pocket Books. OCLC 29462459.  (First publication of novel as Ten Little Indians.)
Christie, Agatha (1964). And Then There Were None. New York: Washington Square Press. Paperback, teacher's edition.
Christie, Agatha (1977). Ten Little Niggers (Greenway ed.). London: Collins Crime Club. ISBN 0-00-231835-0.  Collected works, Hardback, 252 pp. (Except for reprints of the 1963 Fontana paperback, this was one of the last English-language publications of the novel under the title Ten Little Niggers.)[22]
Christie, Agatha (1980). The Mysterious Affair at Styles; Ten Little Niggers; Dumb Witness. Sydney: Lansdowne Press. ISBN 0-7018-1453-5.  (Late use of the original title in an Australian edition.)
Christie, Agatha (1986). Ten Little Indians. New York: Pocket Books. ISBN 0-671-55222-8.  (Last publication of novel under the title Ten Little Indians.)

text: The sensitivity of the original British title varies across nations, depending on their culture and which words are used to describe people by skin color. In the US, the British title was considered offensive at first publication, and changed to the last line of the rhyme instead of its title. As the estate of Agatha Christie now offers it under one title only in English, And Then There Were None, it is likely that new foreign language editions will match that title in their language.[2] The original title (Ten Little Niggers) still survives in a few foreign-language versions of the novel, such as the Bulgarian title Десет малки негърчета, and was used in other languages for a time, for example in Dutch until the 1994 release of the 18th edition.[citation needed] The title Ten Little Negroes continues to be commonly used in foreign-language versions, for example in Spanish, Greek, Serbian, Romanian,[23] French[24] and Hungarian, as well as a 1987 Russian film adaptation Десять негритят (Desyat Negrityat). In 1999, the Slovak National Theatre staged the play under its original title but changed to A napokon nezostal už nik (And Then There Were None) mid-run.[25]

text: Possible inspirations[edit]

text: The 1930 novel The Invisible Host by Gwen Bristow and Bruce Manning has a plot that strongly matches that of Christie's later novel, including a recorded voice announcing to the guests that their sins will be visited upon them by death.  The Invisible Host was adapted as the 1930 Broadway The Ninth Guest by Owen Davis,[26] which itself was adapted as the 1934 film The Ninth Guest.

text: The 1933 K.B.S. Productions Sherlock Holmes film A Study in Scarlet follows a strikingly similar plot;[27] it includes a scene where Holmes is shown a card with the hint: "Six little Indians ....bee stung one and then there were five". In this case, the rhyme refers to "Ten Little Fat Boys". (The film's plot bears no resemblance to Arthur Conan Doyle's original story of the same name.) The author of the movie's screenplay, Robert Florey, "doubted that [Christie] had seen A Study in Scarlet, but he regarded it as a compliment if it had helped inspire her".[28]

text: Adaptations[edit]

text: And Then There Were None has had more adaptations than any other single work by Agatha Christie. It is the isolated location where all the players on scene are murdered, never knowing who their murderer is, that is the idea. "It was an idea which is now the basis for many Hollywood horror films and has become a cliché to modern audiences, but it was Agatha Christie who was the first to do it and so successfully that the story has become her most adapted piece."[2] She changed the bleak ending to a more palatable one for theatre audiences when she adapted the novel for the stage in 1943. Many adaptations incorporate changes to the story, such as using Christie's alternative ending from her stage play or changing the setting to locations other than an island.

text: With a plot line so well-known, parodies and references to the novel or the play are frequent. Many television programs use the essence of the plot, a group of characters cut off from the outside world with a murderer in their midst, but with innocent victims in place of guilty victims, and give no credit to Agatha Christie for the many differences in plot and motivation.

text: Film[edit]

text: There have been numerous film adaptations of the novel, some comedic. Examples include:

text:
And Then There Were None (1945 film), René Clair's cinema adaptation, was a successful US production
Ten Little Indians (1965 film), is George Pollock's cinema adaptation
Gumnaam (1965, translation: Unknown or Anonymous) is an Indian suspense thriller film adaptation.
Five Dolls for an August Moon (1970) is a loose Italian giallo adaptation directed by Mario Bava.[29]
Nadu Iravil (1970, translation: In the middle of the night), a Tamil adaptation directed by Sundaram Balachander[30]
And Then There Were None (1974 film), the first English-language colour version, directed by Peter Collinson
Desyat' Negrityat (1987, Десять негритят, Eng: "Ten Little Negroes") Stanislav Govorukhin's Russian adaptation keeps intact Christie's grim storyline and ending.
Ten Little Indians, a 1989 American version directed by Alan Birkinshaw
Aduthathu (2012) is a Tamil adaptation[31]
Aatagara (2015) is a Kannada film adaptation[32]

text: Radio[edit]

text:
The BBC broadcast "Ten Little Niggers" (1947), adapted by Ayton Whitaker, first aired as a Monday Matinee on the BBC Home Service on 27 December 1947 and as Saturday Night Theatre on the BBC Light Programme on 29 December.[33]
On 13 November 2010, as part of its Saturday Play series, BBC Radio 4 broadcast a 90-minute adaptation written by Joy Wilkinson. The production was directed by Mary Peate and featured, among others, Geoffrey Whitehead as Justice Wargrave, Lyndsey Marshal as Vera Claythorne, Alex Wyndham as Philip Lombard, John Rowe as Dr. Armstrong, and Joanna Monro as Emily Brent. In this production, which is extremely faithful to the novel, the rhyme is "Ten Little Soldier Boys".[citation needed]

text: Stage[edit]

text:
And Then There Were None (1943 play) is Christie's adaptation of the story for the stage. She and the producers agreed that audiences might not flock to a tale with such a grim ending as the novel, nor would it work well dramatically as there would be no one left to tell the story. Thus, she reworked the ending for Lombard and Vera to be innocent of the crimes of which they were accused, survive, and fall in love with each other. Some of the names were also changed, e.g., General Macarthur became General McKenzie in both the New York and London productions.[34][35] By 1943, General Douglas MacArthur was playing a prominent role in the Pacific Theatre of World War II, which may explain the change of the character's name. Regardless of the reason, it was changed.
Ten little niggers (1944 play), Dundee Repertory Theatre Company was given special permission to restore the original ending of the novel. The company first performed a stage adaptation of the novel in August 1944 under the UK title of the novel, with Agatha Christie credited as the dramatist.[36] It was the first performance in repertory theatre.[36] It was staged again in 1965.[37] There was an article in the Dundee Evening Register in August 1944
And Then There Were None (2005 play), On 14 October 2005, a new version of the play, written by Kevin Elyot and directed by Steven Pimlott, opened at the Gielgud Theatre in London. For this version, Elyot returned to the original story in the novel, restoring the nihilism of the original.[38]

text: Television[edit]

text: Several variations of the original novel were adapted for television, three of which were British adaptations. The first of these, in 1949, was produced by the BBC.[39] The second was produced in 1959,[40] by ITV.  Both of those productions aired with Christie's original title. The third and most recent British adaptation aired as And Then There Were None on BBC One in December 2015, as a mini-series produced in cooperation with Acorn Media and Agatha Christie Productions.  The 2015 production adhered more closely to the original plot, though there were several differences, and was the first English language film adaptation to feature an ending similar to that of the novel.[41]

text: On 25 and 26 March 2017 TV Asahi in Japan aired そして誰もいなくなった (Soshite daremo inakunatta), a Japanese language adaptation by Nagasaka Shukei (長坂秀佳) of the original story set in modern times.[42][43]

text: Other media[edit]

text: The novel has been the inspiration for several video games.  For the Apple II, Online Systems released the game Mystery House in 1980.  On the PC, The Adventure Company released the video game Agatha Christie: And Then There Were None in 2005, the first in a series of PC games based on Christie novels. In February 2008, it was ported to the Wii console. The identity of the murderer is not that of the killer in the original book. The game player assumes the role of Patrick Naracott (brother of Fred Naracott, who is involved in a newly created subplot), who is stranded with the others when his boat is scuttled. This allows for alternate, more successful endings in which Naracott survives and is able to prevent the murders of the innocent Lombard and Claythorne. All endings depart markedly from the novel and previous adaptations in that the killer and motives are different.[citation needed]

text: And Then There Were None was released by HarperCollins as a graphic novel adaptation on 30 April 2009, adapted by François Rivière and illustrated by Frank Leclercq.

text: Peká Editorial released a board game based on the book, created by Judit Hurtado and Fernando Chavarría, and illustrated by Esperanza Peinado.[44]

text: Timeline of adaptations[edit]

text:
type
Title
Year
Notes

Film
And Then There Were None
1945
American film and first cinema adaptation. Produced & directed by René Clair.

TV
Ten Little Niggers
1949
BBC television production (IMDb)

TV
Ten Little Niggers
1959
ITV television production (IMDb)

TV
Ten Little Indians
1959
NBC television production (IMDb)

Film
Ten Little Indians
1965
British film and second cinema adaptation. Directed by George Pollock and produced by Harry Alan Towers; Pollock had previously handled four Miss Marple films starring Margaret Rutherford. Set in a mountain retreat in Austria.

Film
Gumnaam
1965
Loose, uncredited Hindi film adaptation, which adds the characteristic "Bollywood" elements of comedy, music and dance to Christie's plot.[citation needed]

TV
Zehn kleine Negerlein
1969
West German television production (IMDb)

Film
5 bambole per la luna d'agosto("Five Dolls for an August Moon")
1970
Loose, uncredited Italian giallo film adaptation written by Mario di Nardo and directed by Mario Bava.[29]

Film
And Then There Were None
1974
English language film by Peter Collinson and produced by Harry Alan Towers. First English-language color film version of the novel, based on a screenplay by Towers (writing as "Peter Welbeck"), who co-wrote the screenplay for the 1965 film. Set at a grand hotel in the Iranian desert.

TV
Ten Little Slaves (Achra Abid Zghar)
1974
Télé Liban TV series directed by Jean Fayyad, TV Adaptation by Latifeh Moultaka. (Facebook Page)

Film
Desyat' negrityatДесять негритят("Ten Little Negroes")
1987
Russian film version produced/directed by Stanislav Govorukhin, notable for being the first cinema adaptation to keep the novel's original plot and grim ending.

Film
Ten Little Indians
1989
British film, produced by Harry Alan Towers and directed by Alan Birkinshaw, set on safari in the African savannah.

TV
Ten Little Slaves (Achra Abid Zghar)
2014
MTV Lebanon television production (MTV)

TV

And Then There Were None

2015

BBC One miniseries broadcast on three consecutive nights, directed by Craig Viveiros and adapted by Sarah Phelps. Similar to book, although not identical, with changes to backstories and actual murders on the island.

TV

Soshite Daremo Inakunatta

2017

Japanese TV Asahi miniseries broadcast on two consecutive nights, directed by Seiji Izumi and adapted by Hideka Nagasaka. (TV Asahi)


document_title: Tourism in France

question_text: what is the most visited monument in france

text: Tourism in France

text: Statistics[edit]

text: Most tourists arriving to France in 2014 came from the following countries:[4]

text:
Rank
Country
Number of tourists

1
 EU
68,436,000[5]

2
  Switzerland
6,200,000[6]

3
 United States
3,169,000[7]

4
 China
1,661,000[8]

5
 Brazil
1,242,000[9]

6
 Canada
1,001,000[10]

7
 Japan
784,000[11]

8
 Russia
678,000[12]

text: Most nights spent in France in 2014 by tourists from following countries:[13]

text:
Rank
Country
Number of nights

1
 Germany
86,400,000

2
 United Kingdom
79,700,000

3
 Belgium
59,500,000

4
 Netherlands
43,600,000

5
 Italy
42,700,000

6
 Spain
34,700,000

7
  Switzerland
33,600,000

8
 United States
27,600,000

9
 Portugal
12,000,000

10
 Canada
11,000,000

text: Paris[edit]

text: Paris, the capital city, is the third most visited city in the world.[14] Paris has some of the world's largest and renowned museums, including the Louvre, which is the most visited art museum in the world, but also the Musée d'Orsay, mostly devoted to impressionism, and Beaubourg, dedicated to Contemporary art. Paris hosts some of the world's most recognizable landmarks such as the Eiffel Tower, which is the most-visited paid monument in the world,[15] the Arc de Triomphe, the cathedral of Notre-Dame or the Sacré-Cœur. The Cité des Sciences et de l'Industrie is the biggest science museum in Europe.[16] Located in Parc de la Villette in Paris, France, it is at the heart of the Cultural Center of Science, Technology and Industry (CCSTI), a center promoting science and science culture. Near Paris is the Palace of Versailles, the former palace of the kings of France, now a museum.

text: French Riviera[edit]

text: With more than 10 million tourists a year, the French Riviera (or Côte d'Azur), in south-eastern France, is the second leading tourist destination in the country, after the Parisian region.[17] According to the Côte d'Azur Economic Development Agency, it benefits from 300 days of sunshine per year, 115 kilometres (71 mi) of coastline and beaches, 18 golf courses, 14 ski resorts and 3,000 restaurants.[18] Each year the Côte d'Azur hosts 50% of the world's superyacht fleet, with 90% of all superyachts visiting the region's coast at least once in their lifetime.[19]

text: Provence[edit]

text: A large part of Provence is designed as the 2013 European Capital of Culture. Numerous famous natural sites can be found in the region, as the Gorges du Verdon, the regional natural park of Camargue, the national park of calanques and the typical landscape of Luberon. Provence hosts dozens of renowned historical sites like the Pont du Gard, the Arles' Roman Monuments or the Palais des Papes in Avignon. Several cities also attracts a lot of tourists, like Aix-en-Provence, Marseille or Cassis, on the Mediterranean Sea coastline.

text: Loire Valley[edit]

text: An other major destination are the Châteaux of the Loire Valley, this World Heritage Site is noteworthy for the quality of its architectural heritage, in its historic towns such as Amboise, Angers, Blois, Chinon, Nantes, Orléans, Saumur, and Tours, but in particular for its castles (châteaux), such as the Châteaux d'Amboise, de Chambord, d'Ussé, de Villandry and Chenonceau, which illustrate to an exceptional degree the ideals of the French Renaissance.

text: Notable French cities[edit]

text: France has many cities of cultural interest, some of them are classified as "Town of Art and History" by the French Ministry of Culture.

text:
Aix-en-Provence
Amiens and its cathedral
Annecy with the lake and the mountains (French Alps)
Angers
Avignon with the Popes' palace.
Arles: Arles has important remains of Roman times, which have been listed as World Heritage Sites since 1981, notably its amphitheatre, the Alyscamps, its Obelisk and Barbegal aqueduct and mill.
Bayeux and its Tapestry Museum, housing the tapestry
Bordeaux: Bordeaux is classified "Town of Art and History". The city is home to 362 monuments historiques (only Paris has more in France) with some buildings dating back to Roman times. Bordeaux has been inscribed on UNESCO World Heritage List as "an outstanding urban and architectural ensemble". Bordeaux is home to one of Europe's biggest 18th-century architectural urban areas, making it a sought-after destination for tourists and cinema production crews. It stands out as one of the first French cities, after Nancy, to have entered an era of urbanism and metropolitan big scale projects, with the team Gabriel father and son, architects for King Louis XV, under the supervision of two intendants (Governors), first Nicolas-François Dupré de Saint-Maur then the Marquis (Marquess) de Tourny.
Cluny with its Abbey and its medieval city
Carcassonne and its medieval fortress
Chartres and its cathedral
Deauville
Dijon with its cathedral and the Palace of the Dukes of Burgundy
Giverny with the home and gardens of painter Claude Monet
Honfleur
La Rochelle
Lille
Lyon: its historical centre was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1998. In its designation, UNESCO cited the "exceptional testimony to the continuity of urban settlement over more than two millennia on a site of great commercial and strategic significance."[20] The specific regions composing the Historic Site include the Roman district and Fourvière, the Renaissance district (Vieux Lyon), the silk district (slopes of Croix-Rousse), and the Presqu'île, which features architecture from the 12th century to modern times.[21]
Mâcon, well known for its wine and the Rock of Solutre.
Marseille, known for the Calanques National Park, the new MuCEM, the basilica of Notre-Dame de la Garde, the Stade Vélodrome, the Palais Longchamp, the Vieux-Port de Marseille, the Vieille Charité, the Abbey of Saint-Victor, the Château Borély or the Unité d'habitation of Le Corbusier a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 2016, and multiple museums such as Marseille History Museum, the Musée Cantini, the Musée des Docks Romains, the Musée du Vieux Marseille, the Musée Grobet-Labadié, the Musée d’Art Contemporain de Marseille and the Museum of the Decorative Arts, Fashion and Ceramics.
Metz: Metz possesses one of the largest Urban Conservation Area in France and more than 100 buildings of the city are classified on the Monument Historique list.[22][23] Because of its historical and cultural background, Metz benefits from its designation as "Town of Art and History".[24] The city features noteworthy buildings such as the Gothic Saint-Stephen Cathedral, the Basilica of Saint-Pierre-aux-Nonnains, its Station Palace, or its Opera House, the oldest one working in France. Metz is home to some world-class venues including the Arsenal Concert Hall and the Centre Pompidou-Metz Museum, the most visited art venue in France outside Paris.[25]
Mulhouse, home of the French Automobile Museum and the French Railway Museum
Nancy with the Place Stanislas, Place de la Carrière and Place d'Alliance, UNESCO World Heritage Sites since 1983.
Nantes with the Castle of the Dukes of Brittany
Narbonne
Nice
Nîmes: Nîmes displays many remains of the Roman Empire including the Maison Carrée, the Arena of Nîmes and the nearby Pont du Gard.
Orange (city): the city displays many Roman remains, including the Théâtre Antique and the Triumphal Arch.
Perpignan with its cathedral and the Palace of the Kings of Majorca
Rennes with its Parlement of Brittany, its cathedral, its cultural center Les Champs Libres, its Thabor parc and its medieval streets with many half-timbered houses.
Rouen with its cathedral, castle and half-timbered houses
Sens
Strasbourg: Strasbourg's historic city centre, the Grande Île (Grand Island), was classified a World Heritage site by UNESCO in 1988, the first time such an honour was placed on an entire city centre.
Toulouse: with two UNESCO World Heritage sites, the Canal du Midi and the largest Romanesque building in the Europe the Saint-Sernin Basilica. The city historic centre also hosts the 13th-century gothic monastery Ensemble conventuel des Jacobins (burial place of Saint Thomas Aquinas) or again the 16th-century bridge Pont Neuf, Toulouse.
Vernon
Versailles

text: The most beautiful villages of France[edit]

text: Les Plus Beaux Villages de France ("The most beautiful villages of France") is an independent association, created in 1982, that aims to promote small and picturesque French villages of quality heritage. As of 2008, 152 villages in France have been labelled as the "Plus Beaux Villages de France".

text: There are a few criteria before entering the association: the population of the village must not exceed 2,000 inhabitants, there must be at least 2 protected areas (picturesque or legendary sites, or sites of scientific, artistic or historic interest), and the decision to apply must be taken by the town council.

text: Other parts of France[edit]

text: In the eastern parts of France there are skiing resorts in the Alps.

text: Tourists also travel to see the annual cycle race, the Tour de France.

text: France's Mediterranean beaches on the French Riviera, in Languedoc-Roussillon, or in Corsica, are famous. Away from the mainland tourists are French Polynesia (especially Tahiti), the Caribbean islands Martinique, Guadeloupe, Saint Martin and Saint Barthélemy.

text: The Route Napoléon, the route taken by Napoléon in 1815 upon his return from exile, leads from Golfe-Juan to Grenoble in south-eastern France. It is a scenic byway and a popular destination.[26]

text: Also popular are the memorials to the battles of the First and Second World Wars. Memorials to the former include the Memorial to the Missing of the Somme, while commemorations to the latter include a D-Day museum at Arromanches, one of the landing sites.

text: There are too a lot of great naturals sites, with important flora collections. For example, the federal Arboretum de Pézanin gather one of the richest forest collection in France, or the Regionals natural Park, which are dispersed in all the territories.

text: Religious pilgrimage[edit]

text: France attracts many religious pilgrims on their way to St. James, or to Lourdes, a town in the Hautes-Pyrénées that hosts a few million visitors a year. The Taizé Community has become one of the world's most important sites of Christian pilgrimage. Over 100,000 young people from around the world make pilgrimages to Taizé each year for prayer, Bible study, sharing, and communal work.

text: Theme Parks[edit]

text: Disneyland Paris is France's and indeed Europe's most popular theme park, with 15,405,000 combined visitors to the resort's Disneyland Park and Walt Disney Studios Park in 2009.[27] The historical theme park Puy du Fou in Vendée is the second most visited park of France.[28] Other popular theme parks are the Futuroscope of Poitiers and the Parc Astérix.

text: Most popular sites by number of visitors[edit]

text: The most popular tourist sites include (visitors per year):[25][29]

text:
Notre Dame de Paris (13.6 million),
Basilique du Sacré-Coeur (10.5 million),
Louvre Museum (8.5 million),
Eiffel Tower (6.2 million),
Palace of Versailles (6 million),
Centre Pompidou (3.6 million),
Musée d'Orsay (2.9 million),
Musée du quai Branly (1.3 million),
Arc de Triomphe (1.2 million),
Mont Saint-Michel (1 million),
Notre-Dame de la Garde, Marseille (800,000),[30]
Château de Chambord (711,000),
Sainte-Chapelle (683,000),
Metz Cathedral (652,000),[31]
Bastille (Grenoble) (600 000)
Centre Pompidou-Metz (550,000),[31]
Château du Haut-Kœnigsbourg (549,000),
Puy de Dôme (500,000),
Musée Picasso (441,000),
Carcassonne (362,000).

text: Gallery[edit]

text:
Strasbourg Cathedral

French formal garden of the Château de Villandry.

The polychrome roofs of the Hospices of Beaune.

Centre Pompidou-Metz.

Limestone cliffs in Étretat, Normandy.

The Pont du Gard, a Roman vestige.

Mercantour National Park.

Ski resort in Megève.

Bora-Bora in French Polynesia.

The Verdon Gorge is a popular destination for kayaking.

Surf in Hossegor.

French wine.