document_title: Backboard shattering

question_text: how many times did shaq break the rim

question_tokens: how many times did shaq break the rim

root

text: Backboard shattering

text: A backboard shattering is an accident or stunt in basketball. It occurs when a player slam dunks the ball hard enough to break the 1/2" tempered safety glass of the backboard. The stunt has caused games to be canceled or delayed, serious injuries to occur and expensive costs of cleanup and replacement. Shattering a backboard is extremely dangerous, sending shards of glass flying over the players and fans. In the National Basketball Association (NBA), shattering a backboard during a game is penalized with a non-unsportsmanlike conduct technical foul and a possible fine towards the player. The player may not be ejected, nor shall the foul count towards a player's total towards either ejection or suspension. [1]

tag: p

text: Backboard shattering has altered the game in many different ways. In 1967, the dunk was banned in high school and college basketball. The rule-makers claimed the dunk was outlawed to prevent injury and equipment damage. After multiple issues with the new rule, nine years later they allowed the slam dunk to be legal again due to the invention of the breakaway rim.[2] The NBA began using them after Darryl Dawkins shattered two backboards with his slam dunks during the 1979–80 season.[3]

text: Throughout the history of basketball there have always been athletes with the size and strength to slam dunk the ball through the rim. However, the first NBA player to shatter a backboard, Chuck Connors (who would become far more famous as an actor), did not do so with a dunk. When playing for the Boston Celtics in 1946, Connors took a set shot during pregame warmups, hitting the front of the rim. Because an arena worker had failed to place a protective piece between the rim and backboard, the backboard shattered.[4] All-star power forward Gus Johnson of the Baltimore Bullets became famous as a backboard breaker in the NBA, shattering three during his career in the 1960s and early 1970s.[5] In the ABA, Charlie Hentz shattered two backboards in the same game on November 6, 1970, resulting in the game being cancelled.

text: Darryl Dawkins became famous for shattering backboards, and is credited for being the one person to cause the NBA to introduce "breakaway rims". Shaquille O'Neal slam dunked so hard that he broke the supports holding two backboards during games against the New Jersey Nets and the Phoenix Suns during the 1992–93 NBA season.

text: Chris Morris, a former NBA star with the New Jersey Nets, shattered a backboard during a game in 1993;[6] Jerome Lane shattered a backboard during a game in 1988 while playing for the University of Pittsburgh;[7] Blue Edwards shattered a backboard during a Midnight Madness event while he was playing at East Carolina.[8] Bryant Reeves shattered a backboard during team practice/warm-ups prior to their 1995 NCAA tourney game against UCLA.[9] Following the 1992–93 season the NBA increased steel brace strength and increased stability of the backboard to prevent the hoop from falling down after Shaquille O'Neal broke two goal standards the previous season (although the glass remained intact, welds in the goal standard failed). The aforementioned technical foul was also introduced at the time.[10][1] During the NCAA tournament in 1996, Darvin Ham shattered a backboard while playing for Texas Tech against North Carolina.[11] South Korean Basketball Player Hyun Joo-yup shattered a backboard In 1997 FIBA Asia All-star game.[12] In 2012, during a preseason exhibition game held in Sassari, Italy, Olympiacos starter and former NBA player Joey Dorsey ended up breaking the glass of a backboard against Dinamo Sassari.[13]


document_title: History of the Pakistani cricket team

question_text: when was the last time pakistan won the world cup

text: History of the Pakistani cricket team

text: Past History[edit]

text: After the independence of Pakistan in 1947, and the establishment of the separate nation state of Pakistan, cricket in the country developed steadily and Pakistan was given Test Match status at a meeting of the Imperial Cricket Conference at Lord's Cricket Ground on 28 July 1952 following recommendation by India,[2] which, being the successor state of the British Raj, did not have to go through such a process.

text: Pakistan's first Test match was played in Delhi in October 1952 as part of a five Test series which India won 2–1. Pakistan made their first tour of England in 1954 and drew the series 1–1 after a memorable victory at The Oval in which fast bowler Fazal Mahmood took 12 wickets. Pakistan's first home Test match was in Dacca in January 1955 against India, after which four more Test matches were played in Bahawalpur, Lahore, Peshawar and Karachi (all five matches in the series were drawn, the first such occurrence in test history[3]).

text: The team is considered strong but unpredictable. Traditionally Pakistani cricket has had players of great talent but limited discipline, making them a team which could play inspirational cricket one day and then perform less than ordinarily another day. Over the years, competitions between India and Pakistan have always been emotionally charged and provide for intriguing contests, as talented teams from both sides of the border elevate their game to new levels to produce high-quality cricket. Pakistan's matches against India in the Cricket World Cup have seen packed stadiums and heightened atmospheres no matter where the World Cup has been held.

text: 1986 Australasia Cup[edit]

text: 1986 Australasia Cup, played in Sharjah, is remembered as a famous last-ball victory for Pakistan against arch-rivals India, with Javed Miandad emerging as a national hero.[4]

text: India batted first and set a target of 245 runs, leaving Pakistan with a required run rate of 4.92 runs per over. Javed Miandad came in to bat at number 3, and Pakistan lost wickets at regular intervals. Later recalling the match, Miandad stated that his main focus was to lose with dignity. With 31 runs needed in the last three overs, Miandad hit a string of boundaries while batting with his team's lower order, until four runs were required from the last delivery of the match. Miandad received a leg side full toss from Chetan Sharma, which he hit for six over the midwicket boundary.[4][5]

text: 1992 World Cup Semi Final[edit]

text: After winning the toss, New Zealand chose to bat first and ended with a total of 262. Pakistan batted conservatively yet lost wickets at regular intervals. With the departure of Imran Khan and Saleem Malik shortly thereafter, Pakistan still required 115 runs at a rate of 7.67 per over with veteran Javed Miandad being the only known batsman remaining at the crease. A young Inzamam-ul-Haq, who had just turned 22 and was not a well-known player at the time, burst onto the international stage with a match-winning 60 off 37 balls. Once Inzamam got out, Pakistan required 36 from 30 balls, which wicketkeeper Moin Khan ended with a towering six over long off, followed by the winning boundary to midwicket. The match is seen as the emergence of Inzamam onto the international stage.[6][7][8]

text: 1992 World Cup Victory[edit]

text: The 1992 Cricket World Cup in Australia & New Zealand marked Pakistan's first World Cup victory. It is remembered for the comeback Pakistan made after losing key players such as Waqar Younis and Saeed Anwar, and being led by an injured captain Imran Khan. Pakistan won only 1 of their first 5 matches including a 1 no-result and were nearly eliminated in the first round of the tournament after being bowled out for 74 against England, until the match was declared as a "no result" due to rain. Captain Imran Khan famously told the team to play as "cornered tigers", after which Pakistan won five successive matches, including, most famously, the semi-final against hosts New Zealand and the final against England.[9] the most important part of the final was the two important wickets of WASIM AKRAM he got in 44th over which made Pakistan win the WORLD CUP. That was the first time Pakistan won cricket world cup.

text: 2007 World Cup Shock[edit]

text: Pakistan participated in one of the biggest upsets in World Cup History when they were knocked out of the competition in a shock defeat to Ireland, who were playing in their first competition. Pakistan, needing to win to qualify for the next stage after losing to the West Indies in their opening match, wereput into bat by Ireland on a green pitch. They lost wickets regularly and only 4 batsmen crossed double figures. In the end they were bowled out by the resurgent Irish for 132. The Irish went on to win the match, helped by a knock of 72 from Niall O'Brien. This meant that Pakistan had been knocked out during the first round for the second consecutive World Cup.[10][11][12]

text: Tragedy struck the team when coach Bob Woolmer died one day later on 18 March 2007 in a hospital in Kingston, Jamaica. Jamaican police spokesman, Karl Angell, reported on 23 March 2007 that, "Mr Woolmer's death was due to asphyxiation as a result of manual strangulation", and that, "Mr Woolmer's death is now being treated by the Jamaica police as a case of murder."[13]

text: Subsequent to his team's defeat and the death of Bob Woolmer, Inzamam-ul-Haq announced his resignation as captain of the team and his retirement from one-day cricket, stating that he would continue to take part in Test cricket but not as captain.[14]

text: On 23 March 2007, Pakistan players and officials were questioned by Jamaican police and submitted DNA samples along with fingerprints, as part of the routine enquiries in the investigation into Woolmer's murder.[15] Three days after leaving the West Indies for Pakistan, via London, the Pakistan team were ruled out as suspects. The deputy commissioner of Jamaican police. Mark Shields, the detective in charge of the investigation, announced, "It's fair to say they are now being treated as witnesses." "I have got no evidence to suggest it was anybody in the squad."[16] A memorial service was held in Sacred Heart Church, Lahore, for Bob Woolmer on 1 April 2007. Among the attendees were Pakistan players and dignitaries, including Inzamam-ul-Haq, who was quoted as saying, "After Woolmer's family, the Pakistan team was the most aggrieved by his death."[17] After the World Cup ended, serious doubts were raised about the investigation, with increasing speculation that Woolmer died of natural causes. This has now been accepted as fact, and the case has been closed.[18]

text: On 16 July 2007, Geoff Lawson, previously head coach of New South Wales, was appointed coach of the Pakistan for two years, becoming the third foreigner to take on the role.[19] In the 2007 ICC World Twenty20, Pakistan exceeded expectations to reach the final but ended as runners-up, after losing the final to India in a nail-biting finish. On 25 October 2008, Intikhab Alam was named as a national coach of the team by the PCB.

text: Player disputes and rebellions[edit]

text:
The Pakistan team has been marred by player disputes and rebellions within the team on various instances. The first such reported instance was in 1981, when ten players including Imran Khan, Asif Iqbal and Majid Khan  refused to play under the captaincy of Javed Miandad.[20]

Once again, in 1992 Miandad was the target of another revolt this time led by Wasim Akram with the support of now retired Imran Khan. This led to Miandad being replaced with Akram.
Later in 1993, when Wasim Akram was appointed captain of the national team, players including Waqar Younis and Javed Miandad revolted against him and Akram was removed as captain. Akram did regain captaincy again in 1996 and then again in 1998-99.[20]

text:
In 2009, many senior players revolted against captain Younis Khan when the team was playing in the UAE against New Zealand. Press reports say that a group of eight players led by Shoaib Malik went to the house of former captain Inzamam-ul-Haq, where they swore on the Quran to never play under Younis again.[21] Sensing the direction of the wind, Younis left the team for "rest" and the captaincy was awarded to Mohammad Yousuf.[22]
On the subsequent Australian tour, differences between Yousaf and the other players came to the forefront, causing Yousaf to give the captaincy of the fifth ODI to Shahid Afridi. Shoaib Malik, captain the team in the T20 (after Afridi was suspended due to ball tampering), started a tirade against Yousaf.
The above-mentioned revolt lead to an operation cleanup within the Pakistan team, when selectors were asked not to consider Younis Khan and Mohammad Yousaf for any future series.[23]

text: Tournament history[edit]

text: A red box around the year indicates tournaments played within Pakistan

text: ICC World Cup[edit]

text:
World Cup record

Year

Round

Position

GP

W

L

T

NR

England 1975
Round 1
5/8
3
1
2
0
0

England 1979
Semi-finals
4/8
4
2
2
0
0

England 1983
Semi-finals
4/8
7
3
4
0
0

India and Pakistan 1987
Semi-finals
3/8
7
5
2
0
0

Australia and New Zealand 1992
Champions
1/9
10
6
3
0
1

India, Pakistan and Sri Lanka 1996
Quarter-finals
6/12
6
4
2
0
0

England and Netherlands 1999
Runners-Up
2/12
10
7
3
0
0

South Africa, Zimbabwe and Kenya 2003
Round 1
10/14
6
2
3
0
1

West Indies 2007
Round 1
10/16
3
1
2
0
0

India, Sri Lanka and Bangladesh 2011
Semi-finals
3/14
8
6
2
0
0

Australia and New Zealand 2015
Quarter-finals
5/14
7
4
3
0
0

England 2019
-
–
–
–
–
–
–

India 2023
-
–
–
–
–
–
–

Total
11/11
1 Title
71
40
29
0
2

tag: table

text: ICC World Twenty20[edit]

text:
World Twenty20 record

Year

Round

Position

GP

W

L

T

NR

South Africa 2007
Runners-Up
2/12
7
5
1
1
0

England 2009
Champions
1/12
7
5
2
0
0

West Indies 2010
Semi-finals
4/12
6
2
4
0
0

Sri Lanka 2012
Semi-finals
3/12
6
4
2
0
0

Bangladesh 2014
Super 10
5/16
4
2
2
0
0

India 2016
Super 10
7/16
4
1
3
0
0

Australia 2020
-
–
–
–
–
–
–

Total
6/6
1 Title
34
19
14
1
0

text: ICC Champions Trophy[edit]

text: Known as the "ICC Knockout" in 1998 and 2000

text:
Champions Trophy record

Year

Round

Position

GP

W

L

T

NR

 1998
Quarter-finals
5/9
1
0
1
0
0

 2000
Semi-finals
4/11
2
1
1
0
0

 2002
Group Stage
5/12
2
1
1
0
0

 2004
Semi-finals
4/12
3
2
1
0
0

 2006
Group Stage
6/10
3
1
2
0
0

 2009
Semi-finals
3/8
4
2
2
0
0

 2013
Group Stage
8/8
3
0
3
0
0

 2017
Champions
1/8
5
4
1
0
0

Total
8/8
1 Title
23
11
12
0
0

text: Asia Cup[edit]

text:
Asia Cup record

Year

Round

Position

GP

W

L

T

NR

 1984
Group Stage
3/3
2
0
2
0
0

 1986
Runners-up
2/3
3
2
1
0
0

 1988
Group Stage
3/4
3
1
2
0
0

 1990–91
Did not participate

 1995
Group Stage
3/4
3
2
1
0
0

 1997
Group Stage
3/4
3
1
1
0
1

 2000
Champions
1/4
4
4
0
0
0

 2004
Super Fours
3/6
5
4
1
0
0

 2008
Super Fours
3/6
5
3
2
0
0

 2010
Group Stage
3/4
3
1
2
0
0

 2012
Champions
1/4
4
3
1
0
0

 2014
Runners-up
2/5
5
3
2
0
0

 2016
Group Stage
3/5
4
2
2
0
0

 2018
-
-
-
-
-
-
-

Total
12/13
2 Titles
44
26
17
0
1

text: Other Tournaments[edit]

text:
Defunct Tournaments

Commonwealth Games

Asian Test Championship

Austral-Asia Cup

World Championship of Cricket

1998: Round 1

1999: Champions
2001: Runners-Up

1986:Champions
1990:Champions
1994:Champions

1985 World Championship of Cricket: Runners-Up

text: Honours[edit]

text: Cricket World Cup (1): 1992

text: ICC World Twenty20 (1): 2009

text: ICC Champions Trophy (1): 2017

text: ICC ASIA CUP (2)


document_title: Ruby

question_text: where do most of the worlds rubies come from

text: Ruby

text: Physical properties

text: Rubies have a hardness of 9.0 on the Mohs scale of mineral hardness. Among the natural gems only moissanite and diamond are harder, with diamond having a Mohs hardness of 10.0 and moissanite falling somewhere in between corundum (ruby) and diamond in hardness. Sapphire, ruby, and pure corundum are α-alumina, the most stable form of Al2O3, in which 3 electrons leave each aluminum ion to join the regular octahedral group of six nearby O2− ions; in pure corundum this leaves all of the aluminum ions with a very stable configuration of no unpaired electrons or unfilled energy levels, and the crystal is perfectly colorless.

text: When a chromium atom replaces an occasional aluminum atom, it too loses 3 electrons to become a chromium3+ ion to maintain the charge balance of the Al2O3 crystal.  However, the Cr3+ ions are larger and have electron orbitals in different directions than aluminum. The octahedral arrangement of the O2− ions is distorted, and the energy levels of the different orbitals of those Cr3+ ions are slightly altered because of the directions to the O2− ions.[4] Those energy differences correspond to absorption in the ultraviolet, violet, and yellow-green regions of the spectrum.

text: If one percent of the aluminum ions are replaced by chromium in ruby, the yellow-green absorption results in a red color for the gem.[4]  Additionally, absorption at any of the above wavelengths stimulates fluorescent emission of 694-nanometer-wavelength red light, which adds to its red color and perceived luster.

text: After absorbing short-wavelength light, there is a short interval of time when the crystal lattice of ruby is in an excited state before fluorescence occurs. If 694-nanometer photons pass through the crystal during that time, they can stimulate more fluorescent photons to be emitted in-phase with them, thus strengthening the intensity of that red light. By arranging mirrors or other means to pass  emitted light repeatedly through the crystal, a ruby laser in this way produces a very high intensity of coherent red light.

text: All natural rubies have imperfections in them, including color impurities and inclusions of rutile needles known as "silk". Gemologists use these needle inclusions found in natural rubies to distinguish them from synthetics, simulants, or substitutes. Usually, the rough stone is heated before cutting. These days, almost all rubies are treated in some form, with heat treatment being the most common practice. Untreated rubies of high quality command a large premium.

text: Some rubies show a three-point or six-point asterism or "star". These rubies are cut into cabochons to display the effect properly. Asterisms are best visible with a single-light source and move across the stone as the light moves or the stone is rotated. Such effects occur when light is reflected off the "silk" (the structurally oriented rutile needle inclusions) in a certain way. This is one example where inclusions increase the value of a gemstone. Furthermore, rubies can show color changes—though this occurs very rarely—as well as chatoyancy or the "cat's eye" effect.

text: Ruby vs. pink sapphire

text: Generally, gemstone-quality corundum in all shades of red, including pink, are called rubies.[5][6]  However, in the United States, a minimum color saturation must be met to be called a ruby; otherwise, the stone will be called a pink sapphire.[5]  Drawing a distinction between rubies and pink sapphires is relatively new, having arisen sometime in the 20th century. Often, the distinction between ruby and pink sapphire is not clear and can be debated.[7]  As a result of the difficulty and subjectiveness of such distinctions, trade organizations such as the International Colored Gemstone Association (ICGA) have adopted the broader definition for ruby which encompasses its lighter shades, including pink.[8][9]

text: Natural occurrence

text: The Mogok Valley in Upper Myanmar (Burma) was for centuries the world's main source for rubies. That region has produced some exceptional rubies, however in recent years few good rubies have been found. In central Myanmar, the area of Mong Hsu began producing rubies during the 1990s and rapidly became the world's main ruby mining area. The most recently found ruby deposit in Myanmar is in Namya (Namyazeik) located in the northern state of Kachin.

text: Historically, rubies have also been mined in Thailand, in the Pailin and Samlout District of Cambodia, as well as in Afghanistan, Australia, Brazil, Colombia, India,  Namibia, Japan, and Scotland; after the Second World War ruby deposits were found in Madagascar, Nepal, Pakistan, Tajikistan, Tanzania, and Vietnam.[10] In Sri Lanka, lighter shades of rubies (often "pink sapphires") are more commonly found. The Republic of Macedonia is the only country in mainland Europe to have naturally occurring rubies. They can mainly be found around the city of Prilep. Macedonian rubies have a unique raspberry color. The ruby is also included on the Macedonian coat of arms.[11] A few rubies have been found in the U.S. states of Montana, North Carolina, South Carolina and Wyoming.

text: Spinel, another red gemstone, is sometimes found along with rubies in the same gem gravel or marble. Red spinels may be mistaken for rubies by those lacking experience with gems. However, the finest red spinels can have values approaching that of an average ruby.[12]

text: Factors affecting value

text: Rubies, as with other gemstones, are graded using criteria known as the four Cs, namely color, cut, clarity and carat weight. Rubies are also evaluated on the basis of their geographic origin.

text: Color: In the evaluation of colored gemstones, color is the most important factor. Color divides into three components: hue, saturation and tone. Hue refers to color as we normally use the term. Transparent gemstones occur in the pure spectral hues of red, orange, yellow, green, blue, violet.[13] In nature, there are rarely pure hues, so when speaking of the hue of a gemstone, we speak of primary and secondary and sometimes tertiary hues. Ruby is defined to be red. All other hues of the gem species corundum are called sapphire. Ruby may exhibit a range of secondary hues, including orange, purple, violet, and pink.

text:
A naturally occurring ruby crystal

Natural ruby with inclusions

A cut pink ruby

Purple rubies

Victorian ruby and diamond brooch

tag: ul

text: The finest ruby is described as being a vivid medium-dark toned red. Secondary hues add an additional complication. Pink, orange, and purple are the normal secondary hues in ruby. Of the three, purple is preferred because it reinforces the red, making it appear richer.[13] Purple also occupies a position on the color wheel halfway between red and blue. When a purplish-red ruby is set in yellow, the yellow neutralizes its complement blue, leaving the stone appearing to be pure red in the setting.[original research?]

text: Treatments and enhancements

text: Improving the quality of gemstones by treating them is common practice. Some treatments are used in almost all cases and are therefore considered acceptable. During the late 1990s, a large supply of low-cost materials caused a sudden surge in supply of heat-treated rubies, leading to a downward pressure on ruby prices.

text: Improvements used include color alteration, improving transparency by dissolving rutile inclusions, healing of fractures (cracks) or even completely filling them.

text: The most common treatment is the application of heat. Most rubies at the lower end of the market are heat treated to improve color, remove purple tinge, blue patches, and silk. These heat treatments typically occur around temperatures of 1800 °C (3300 °F).[14] Some rubies undergo a process of low tube heat, when the stone is heated over charcoal of a temperature of about 1300 °C (2400 °F) for 20 to 30 minutes. The silk is partially broken, and the color is improved.

text: Another treatment, which has become more frequent in recent years, is lead glass filling. Filling the fractures inside the ruby with lead glass (or a similar material) dramatically improves the transparency of the stone, making previously unsuitable rubies fit for applications in jewelry.[15] The process is done in four steps:

text:
The rough stones are pre-polished to eradicate all surface impurities that may affect the process
The rough is cleaned with hydrogen fluoride
The first heating process during which no fillers are added. The heating process eradicates impurities inside the fractures. Although this can be done at temperatures up to 1400 °C (2500 °F) it most likely occurs at a temperature of around 900 °C (1600 °F) since the rutile silk is still intact.
The second heating process in an electrical oven with different chemical additives. Different solutions and mixes have shown to be successful, however mostly lead-containing glass-powder is used at present. The ruby is dipped into oils, then covered with powder, embedded on a tile and placed in the oven where it is heated at around 900 °C (1600 °F) for one hour in an oxidizing atmosphere. The orange colored powder transforms upon heating into a transparent to yellow-colored paste, which fills all fractures. After cooling the color of the paste is fully transparent and dramatically improves the overall transparency of the ruby.[16]

tag: ol

text: If a color needs to be added, the glass powder can be "enhanced" with copper or other metal oxides as well as elements such as sodium, calcium, potassium etc.

text: The second heating process can be repeated three to four times, even applying different mixtures.[17] When jewelry containing rubies is heated (for repairs) it should not be coated with boracic acid or any other substance, as this can etch the surface; it does not have to be "protected" like a diamond.

text: The treatment can identified by noting bubbles in cavities and fractures using a 10x loupe.[18]

text: Synthetic and imitation rubies

text: In 1837, Gaudin made the first synthetic rubies by fusing potash alum at a high temperature with a little chromium as a pigment. In 1847, Ebelmen made white sapphire by fusing alumina in boric acid. In 1877, Frenic and Freil made crystal corundum from which small stones could be cut. Frimy and Auguste Verneuil manufactured artificial ruby by fusing BaF2 and Al2O3 with a little chromium at red heat. In 1903, Verneuil announced he could produce synthetic rubies on a commercial scale using this flame fusion process.[19] By 1910, Verneuil's laboratory had expanded into a 30 furnace production facility, with annual gemstone production having reached 1,000 kilograms (2,000 lb) in 1907.

text: Other processes in which synthetic rubies can be produced are through Czochralski's pulling process, flux process, and the hydrothermal process. Most synthetic rubies originate from flame fusion, due to the low costs involved. Synthetic rubies may have no imperfections visible to the naked eye but magnification may reveal curves, striae and gas bubbles. The fewer the number and the less obvious the imperfections, the more valuable the ruby is; unless there are no imperfections (i.e., a perfect ruby), in which case it will be suspected of being artificial. Dopants are added to some manufactured rubies so they can be identified as synthetic, but most need gemological testing to determine their origin.

text: Synthetic rubies have technological uses as well as gemological ones. Rods of synthetic ruby are used to make ruby lasers and masers. The first working laser was made by Theodore H. Maiman in 1960.[20] Maiman used a solid-state light-pumped synthetic ruby to produce red laser light at a wavelength of 694 nanometers (nm). Ruby lasers are still in use. Rubies are also used in applications where high hardness is required such as at wear exposed locations in modern mechanical clockworks, or as scanning probe tips in a coordinate measuring machine.

text: Imitation rubies are also marketed. Red spinels, red garnets, and colored glass have been falsely claimed to be rubies. Imitations go back to Roman times and already in the 17th century techniques were developed to color foil red—by burning scarlet wool in the bottom part of the furnace—which was then placed under the imitation stone.[21] Trade terms such as balas ruby for red spinel and rubellite for red tourmaline can mislead unsuspecting buyers. Such terms are therefore discouraged from use by many gemological associations such as the Laboratory Manual Harmonisation Committee (LMHC).

text: Records and famous rubies

text:
The Smithsonian's National Museum of Natural History in Washington, D.C. has some of the world's largest and finest ruby gemstones. The 23.1 carats (4.62 g) Burmese ruby, set in a platinum ring with diamonds, was donated by businessman and philanthropist Peter Buck in memory of his late wife Carmen Lúcia. This gemstone displays a richly saturated red color combined with an exceptional transparency. The finely proportioned cut provides vivid red reflections. The stone was mined from the Mogok region of Burma (now Myanmar) in the 1930s.[22]
In 2007 the London jeweler Garrard & Co featured on their website a heart-shaped 40.63-carat ruby.[23]
On December 13/14, 2011 Elizabeth Taylor's complete jewellery collection was auctioned by Christie's. Several ruby-set pieces were included in the sale, notably a ring set with an 8.24 ct gem that broke the 'price-per-carat' record for rubies ($512,925 per carat, i.e. over $4.2 million in total),[24] and a necklace[25] that sold for over $3.7 million.
The Liberty Bell Ruby is the largest mined ruby in the world. It was stolen in a heist in 2011.[26]
The Sunrise Ruby is the world's most expensive ruby, most expensive coloured gemstone, and most expensive gemstone other than a diamond. In May 2015, it sold at auction in Switzerland to an anonymous buyer for US$30 million.[27]
A synthetic ruby crystal became the gain medium in the world's first optical laser, conceived, designed and constructed by Theodore H. "Ted" Maiman, on the 16th of May, 1961 at Hughes Research Laboratories.[20][28] The concept of electromagnetic radiation amplification through the mechanism of stimulated emission had already been successfully demonstrated in the laboratory by way of the Maser, using other materials such as ammonia and, later, ruby, but the Ruby Laser was the first device to work at optical (694.3 nm) wavelengths. Maiman's prototype laser is still in working order.

text: Historical and cultural references

text:
In Job 28:18 and Proverbs 3:15, wisdom is more valuable than rubies. In Proverbs 31:10, a wife of noble character is worth more than rubies.
An early recorded  transport and trading of rubies arises in the literature on the North Silk Road of China, wherein about 200 BC rubies were carried along this ancient trackway moving westward from China.[29]
Rubies have always been held in high esteem in Asian countries. They were used to ornament armor, scabbards, and harnesses of noblemen in India and China. Rubies were laid beneath the foundation of buildings to secure good fortune to the structure.[30]


document_title: The Blacklist (season 5)

question_text: when does blacklist return after mid season break

text: The Blacklist (season 5)

text: Cast[edit]

text: Main cast[edit]

text:
James Spader as Raymond "Red" Reddington
Megan Boone as Elizabeth Keen
Diego Klattenhoff as Donald Ressler
Ryan Eggold as Tom Keen
Harry Lennix as Harold Cooper
Amir Arison as Aram Mojtabai
Mozhan Marnò as Samar Navabi
Hisham Tawfiq as Dembe Zuma

text: Episodes[edit]

text:
No.
overall
No. in
season
Title
Blacklist
guide
Directed by
Written by
Original air date
U.S. viewers
(millions)

90
1
"Smokey Putnum"
No. 30
Bill Roe
Jon Bokenkamp & John Eisendrath
September 27, 2017 (2017-09-27)
6.39[3]

Following Mr. Kaplan's death, Reddington's criminal empire is in ruins and enlists newly discovered daughter Liz Keen to help him build it back up by finding the next blacklister named Smokey Putnum. Meanwhile, Ressler puts himself in an awkward position following Hitchin's death. Aram and Samar's romance escalates. Also, Tom Keen returns with a mysterious briefcase with a skeleton in it.

91
2
"Greyson Blaise"
No. 37
Don Thorin
Lukas Reiter & Jon Bokenkamp
October 4, 2017 (2017-10-04)
5.87[4]

Reddington enlists Liz and the task force to track down a blacklister named Greyson Blaise, a self-made billionaire who moonlights as a high-end thief to help Reddingtion with his crumbled empire. Meanwhile, Tom hits roadblocks when trying to identify the remains in the suitcase without Liz or Reddington finding out.

92
3
"Miss Rebecca Thrall"
No. 76
Adam Weisinger
Jonathan Shapiro & Taylor Martin
October 11, 2017 (2017-10-11)
5.79[5]

Reddington enlists help from Tom to establish a plan to help rebuild his criminal empire. Meanwhile, the task force investigates a series of suspicious police shootings and tracks down a blacklister named Rebecca Thrall who encourages police officers to do such crimes.

93
4
"The Endling"
No. 44
Michael Watkins
Noah Schechter
October 18, 2017 (2017-10-18)
5.46[6]

Liz and the task force investigates a blacklister who is trying to destroy the world to get to her ailing son to seek treatment. Meanwhile, Reddington seeks an opportunity to regain revenue for his criminal empire. Also, Tom hits a major roadblock when identifying the remains. Nick, after helping Red and Liz with a medical procedure for The Endling and determining that he never wants to be contacted again by either Red or Liz, is killed and the suitcase with the remains, is taken.

94
5
"Ilyas Surkov"
No. 54
Kurt Kuenne
Brandon Margolis & Brandon Sonnier
October 25, 2017 (2017-10-25)
5.23[7]

Liz and the task force collide with the CIA when tracking down a blacklister who is an international terrorist, but Cooper finds out that the ones that have identified themselves as CIA are imposters. Meanwhile, Reddington sets out on a new business venture while working on Nick's murder. Also, Tom sets out on a new quest to discover information on the remains in the suitcase. Aram requests Cooper for his operational training. Reddington traces a connection with the suitcase to Tom.

95
6
"The Travel Agency"
No. 90
Terrence O'Hara
Carla Kettner
November 1, 2017 (2017-11-01)
5.25[8]

Cooper enlists help from Reddington on a personal mission. Meanwhile, Ressler is acting Director and leads the task force into a blacklister who are former murder for hire gang. Also, Tom continues his quest in into the remains in the suitcase, but runs into Red who knows he has it. After closing an emotional case, Liz decides that she wants to marry Tom and they rush to the courthouse.

96
7
"The Kilgannon Corporation"
No. 48
Jean de Segonzac
Lukas Reiter
November 8, 2017 (2017-11-08)
5.04[9]

After dozens of immigrants die off the Carolina coast, Reddington and the task force put Dembe undercover to stop a human smuggling operation. When Red confronts the elder Kilgannon about the deaths and the conditions, he then confronts his son about and the clash is fatal. This later complicates Dembe, putting him in a life or death situation as the task forces loses track of him. Tom is tracking whom he believes killed Nick as they were involved in trying to figure out the contents of the suitcase and discovers that there are others at play. Tom's life is put at risk when others discover the suitcase and that it's important to Reddington.

97
8
"Ian Garvey"
No. 13
Bill Roe
John Eisendrath & Jon Bokenkamp
November 15, 2017 (2017-11-15)
5.89[10]

Tom finds trouble while searching for answers in both Nick's death and the infamous suitcase mystery, as the task force searches for him. Tom's desperate escape reunites him with Red and they escape momentarily. Liz gets pulled into the middle of the tug of war over the contents of the suitcase which leaves her and Tom hospitalized, having fought for their lives. After being in a coma for 10 months, Liz wakes up while Reddington is reading to her, and, when asked, he informs her that Tom died from his injuries.

98
9
"Ruin"
N/A
Michael Caracciolo
Sean Hennen
January 3, 2018 (2018-01-03)
6.02[11]

Liz escapes to a cabin in Alaska living under an alias to mourn Tom's death. She leaves Agnes in the care of an exonerated Scottie Hargrave. During an ice storm she finds a critically injured man in the woods and soon after four other men arrive claiming they were all in a plane crash. Instantly sensing trouble, Liz is forced into a cat and mouse game to survive and save the injured man who turns out to be a federally protected witness. After killing the four men, Liz returns to her home leaving no trace of herself in Alaska. Returning to Red she tells him she only wants revenge for Tom's death.

99
10
"The Informant"
No. 118
Paul Holahan
Noah Schechter
January 10, 2018 (2018-01-10)
6.16[12]

Liz comes out of hiding to continue her quest to find Tom’s killers. Meanwhile, Reddington directs the task force to find a blacklister with classified and sensitive information. Prescot is killed. Liz learns more about Nik and Tom.

100
11
"Abraham Stern"
No. 100
Andrew McCarthy
Story by: Dave Metzger & Jon Bokenkamp & John Eisendrath
Teleplay by: Jon Bokenkamp & John Eisendrath
January 17, 2018 (2018-01-17)
6.49[13]

As Reddington begins his quest for a legendary treasure, he is robbed of an antique penny. Reddington steers the task force into tracking down a blacklister known for manipulating and stealing priceless treasures. Meanwhile, Liz looks into old cases when tracking down Tom’s killers.

101
12
"The Cook"
No. 56
Solvan "Slick" Naim
Peter Noah
January 31, 2018 (2018-01-31)
6.11[14]

Liz continues to search for clues into finding Tom’s killers with Reddington’s help. Meanwhile, the task force is forced to work with a former arsonist to catch another arsonist.

102
13
"The Invisible Hand"
No. 63
Andrew McCarthy
Jonathan Shapiro & Lukas Reiter
February 7, 2018 (2018-02-07)
6.35[15]

Reddington pushes the task force into finding a group of blacklisters named: “The Invisible Hand,” a group of people who kill victims and leave them abandoned in the Woods. Meanwhile, Reddington lends a hand to an old associate and Liz discovers a secret into Tom’s investigation.

103
14
"Mr. Raleigh Sinclair III"
No. 51
Christine Gee
Kelli Johnson
February 28, 2018 (2018-02-28)
5.68[16]

Reddington steers the task force into finding a blacklister who creates identical criminals for murderous clients. Meanwhile, Liz begins to see a therapist following Tom’s death in order to get reinstated as an FBI-agent.

104
15
"Pattie Sue Edwards"
No. 68
Donald Thorin, Jr.
Carla Kettner
March 7, 2018 (2018-03-07)
5.69[17]

The task force investigates a blacklister who creates and uses a biochemical weapon in order to gain revenge on people responsible for the death of her husband. Meanwhile, Reddington deals with a tax deal to help with his money laundering empire.

105
16
"The Capricorn Killer"
No. 19
Bill Roe
Taylor Martin
March 14, 2018 (2018-03-14)
5.55[18]

The task force grows closer into the investigation into finding Tom’s killers. Meanwhile, Liz continues her therapy with looking into cold cases while as a Profiler. Also, Reddington draws closer into finding Ian Garvey.

106
17
"Anna-Gracia Duerte"
No. 25
Michael Caracciolo
Lukas Reiter & Jonathan Shapiro
April 4, 2018 (2018-04-04)
5.38[19]

107
18
"Zarak Mosadek"[20]
TBA
TBA
TBA
April 11, 2018 (2018-04-11)
TBD

108
19
"Ian Garvey: Conclusion"[21]
No. 13
TBA
TBA
April 25, 2018 (2018-04-25)
TBD

text: Ratings[edit]

text:
No.
Title
Air date
Ratings/Share
(18–49)
Viewers
(millions)
DVR
18–49
DVR Viewers
(millions)
Total
18–49
Total viewers
(millions)

1
"Smokey Putnum (No. 30)"
September 27, 2017 (2017-09-27)
1.1/4
6.39[3]
0.8
3.322
1.9
9.710[22]

2
"Greyson Blaise (No. 37)"
October 4, 2017 (2017-10-04)
1.0/4
5.87[4]
0.7
3.221
1.7
9.093[23]

3
"Miss Rebecca Thrall (No. 76)"
October 11, 2017 (2017-10-11)
1.0/4
5.79[5]
0.7
3.047
1.7
8.839[24]

4
"The Endling (No. 44)"
October 18, 2017 (2017-10-18)
0.9/3
5.46[6]
0.8
3.102
1.7
8.565[25]

5
"Ilyas Surkov (No. 54)"
October 25, 2017 (2017-10-25)
0.8/3
5.23[7]
0.7
3.061
1.5
8.292[26]

6
"The Travel Agency (No. 90)"
November 1, 2017 (2017-11-01)
0.9/3
5.25[8]
0.7
2.855
1.5
8.015[27]

7
"The Kilgannon Corporation (No. 48)"
November 8, 2017 (2017-11-08)
0.9/3
5.04[9]
N/A
3.130
N/A
8.171[28]

8
"Ian Garvey (No. 13)"
November 15, 2017 (2017-11-15)
0.9/4
5.89[10]
0.7
2.903
1.6
8.796[29]

9
"Ruin"
January 3, 2018 (2018-01-03)
1.0/4
6.02[11]
N/A
2.951
N/A
8.975[30]

10
"The Informant (No. 118)"
January 10, 2018 (2018-01-10)
1.0/4
6.16[12]
0.8
3.216
1.8
9.372[31]

11
"Abraham Stern (No. 100)"
January 17, 2018 (2018-01-17)
1.1/4
6.49[13]
0.7
3.029
1.8
9.517[32]

12
"The Cook (No. 56)"
January 31, 2018 (2018-01-31)
1.0/4
6.11[14]
0.9
3.248
1.9
9.350[33]

13
"The Invisible Hand (No. 63)"
February 7, 2018 (2018-02-07)
1.0/4
6.35[15]
0.7
3.032
1.7
9.384[34]

14
"Mr. Raleigh Sinclair III (No. 51)"
February 28, 2018 (2018-02-28)
0.9/4
5.68[16]
0.8
3.322
1.7
9.008[35]

15
"Pattie Sue Edwards (No. 68)"
March 7, 2018 (2018-03-07)
1.0/4
5.69[17]
0.7
3.098
1.7
8.797[36]

16
"The Capricorn Killer (No. 19)"
March 14, 2018 (2018-03-14)
0.9/4
5.55[18]
0.6
2.948
1.5
8.495[37]

17
"Anna-Gracia Duerte (No. 25)"
April 4, 2018 (2018-04-04)
0.9/4
5.38[19]


document_title: List of English football champions

question_text: number of premier league titles won by manchester city

text: List of English football champions

text: List[edit]

text:
Bold indicates double winners – i.e. League and Domestic (FA) or League (EFL) Cup winners OR League and UEFA Champions League or UEFA Europa League winners.
Bold italic indicates treble winners – i.e. League, Domestic (FA) or League (EFL) Cup winners and UEFA Champions League or UEFA Europa League winners.

text: Football League (1888–1892)[edit]

text:
Year

Champions(number of titles)

Runners-up

Third place

Leading goalscorer

Goals

1888–89

Preston North End[1]

Aston Villa

Wolverhampton Wanderers

 John Goodall (Preston North End)

21

1889–90

Preston North End (2)

Everton

Blackburn Rovers

 Jimmy Ross (Preston North End)

24

1890–91

Everton

Preston North End

Notts County

 Jack Southworth (Blackburn Rovers)

26

1891–92

Sunderland

Preston North End

Bolton Wanderers

 John Campbell (Sunderland)

32

text: Football League First Division (1892–1992)[edit]

text:
Year

Champions(number of titles)

Runners-up

Third place

Leading goalscorer

Goals

1892–93

Sunderland (2)

Preston North End

Everton

 John Campbell (Sunderland)

31

1893–94

Aston Villa

Sunderland

Derby County

 Jack Southworth (Everton)

27

1894–95

Sunderland (3)

Everton

Aston Villa

 John Campbell (Sunderland)

22

1895–96

Aston Villa (2)

Derby County

Everton

 Johnny Campbell (Aston Villa)   Steve Bloomer (Derby County)

20

1896–97

Aston Villa (3)

Sheffield United

Derby County

 Steve Bloomer (Derby County)

22

1897–98

Sheffield United

Sunderland

Wolverhampton Wanderers

 Fred Wheldon (Aston Villa)

21

1898–99

Aston Villa (4)

Liverpool

Burnley

 Steve Bloomer (Derby County)

23

1899–1900

Aston Villa (5)

Sheffield United

Sunderland

 Billy Garraty (Aston Villa)

27

1900–01

Liverpool

Sunderland

Notts County

 Steve Bloomer (Derby County)

23

1901–02

Sunderland (4)

Everton

Newcastle United

 Jimmy Settle (Everton)

18

1902–03

The Wednesday[8]

Aston Villa

Sunderland

 Sam Raybould (Liverpool)

31

1903–04

The Wednesday[8] (2)

Manchester City

Everton

 Steve Bloomer (Derby County)

20

1904–05

Newcastle United

Everton

Manchester City

 Arthur Brown (Sheffield United)

22

1905–06

Liverpool (2)

Preston North End

The Wednesday

 Albert Shepherd (Bolton Wanderers)

26

1906–07

Newcastle United (2)

Bristol City

Everton

 Alex Young (Everton)

30

1907–08

Manchester United

Aston Villa

Manchester City

 Enoch West (Nottingham Forest)

27

1908–09

Newcastle United (3)

Everton

Sunderland

 Bert Freeman (Everton)

38

1909–10

Aston Villa (6)

Liverpool

Blackburn Rovers

 Jack Parkinson (Liverpool)

30

1910–11

Manchester United (2)

Aston Villa

Sunderland

 Albert Shepherd (Newcastle United)

25

1911–12

Blackburn Rovers

Everton

Newcastle United

 Harry Hampton (Aston Villa)   George Holley (Sunderland)   David McLean (The Wednesday)

25

1912–13

Sunderland (5)

Aston Villa

The Wednesday

 David McLean (The Wednesday)

30

1913–14

Blackburn Rovers (2)

Aston Villa

Middlesbrough

 George Elliot (Middlesbrough)

32

1914–15

Everton (2)

Oldham Athletic

Blackburn Rovers

 Bobby Parker (Everton)

35

1915/16–1918/19

League suspended owing to the First World War

1919–20

West Bromwich Albion

Burnley

Chelsea

 Fred Morris (West Bromwich Albion)

37

1920–21

Burnley

Manchester City

Bolton Wanderers

 Joe Smith (Bolton Wanderers)

38

1921–22

Liverpool (3)

Tottenham Hotspur

Burnley

 Andy Wilson (Middlesbrough)

31

1922–23

Liverpool (4)

Sunderland

Huddersfield Town

 Charlie Buchan (Sunderland)

30

1923–24

Huddersfield Town

Cardiff City

Sunderland

 Wilf Chadwick (Everton)

28

1924–25

Huddersfield Town (2)

West Bromwich Albion

Bolton Wanderers

 Frank Roberts (Manchester City)

31

1925–26

Huddersfield Town (3)

Arsenal

Sunderland

 Ted Harper (Blackburn Rovers)

43

1926–27

Newcastle United (4)

Huddersfield Town

Sunderland

 Jimmy Trotter (The Wednesday)

37

1927–28

Everton (3)

Huddersfield Town

Leicester City

 Dixie Dean (Everton)

60

1928–29

The Wednesday[8] (3)

Leicester City

Aston Villa

 Dave Halliday (Sunderland)

43

1929–30

Sheffield Wednesday (4)

Derby County

Manchester City

 Vic Watson (West Ham United)

41

1930–31

Arsenal

Aston Villa

Sheffield Wednesday

 Tom Waring (Aston Villa)

49

1931–32

Everton (4)

Arsenal

Sheffield Wednesday

 Dixie Dean (Everton)

44

1932–33

Arsenal (2)

Aston Villa

Sheffield Wednesday

 Jack Bowers (Derby County)

35

1933–34

Arsenal (3)

Huddersfield Town

Tottenham Hotspur

 Jack Bowers (Derby County)

34

1934–35

Arsenal (4)

Sunderland

Sheffield Wednesday

 Ted Drake (Arsenal)

42

1935–36

Sunderland (6)

Derby County

Huddersfield Town

 W. G. Richardson (West Bromwich Albion)

39

1936–37

Manchester City

Charlton Athletic

Arsenal

 Freddie Steele (Stoke City)

33

1937–38

Arsenal (5)

Wolverhampton Wanderers

Preston North End

 Tommy Lawton (Everton)

28

1938–39

Everton (5)

Wolverhampton Wanderers

Charlton Athletic

 Tommy Lawton (Everton)

35

1939/40–1945/46

League suspended owing to the Second World War

1946–47

Liverpool (5)

Manchester United

Wolverhampton Wanderers

 Dennis Westcott (Wolverhampton Wanderers)

37

1947–48

Arsenal (6)

Manchester United

Burnley

 Ronnie Rooke (Arsenal)

33

1948–49

Portsmouth

Manchester United

Derby County

 Willie Moir (Bolton Wanderers)

25

1949–50

Portsmouth (2)

Wolverhampton Wanderers

Sunderland

 Dickie Davis (Sunderland)

25

1950–51

Tottenham Hotspur

Manchester United

Blackpool

 Stan Mortensen (Blackpool)

30

1951–52

Manchester United (3)

Tottenham Hotspur

Arsenal

 George Robledo (Newcastle United)

33

1952–53

Arsenal (7)

Preston North End

Wolverhampton Wanderers

 Charlie Wayman (Preston North End)

24

1953–54

Wolverhampton Wanderers

West Bromwich Albion

Huddersfield Town

 Jimmy Glazzard (Huddersfield Town)

29

1954–55

Chelsea

Wolverhampton Wanderers

Portsmouth

 Ronnie Allen (West Bromwich Albion)

27

1955–56

Manchester United (4)

Blackpool

Wolverhampton Wanderers

 Nat Lofthouse (Bolton Wanderers)

33

1956–57

Manchester United (5)

Tottenham Hotspur

Preston North End

 John Charles (Leeds United)

38

1957–58

Wolverhampton Wanderers (2)

Preston North End

Tottenham Hotspur

 Bobby Smith (Tottenham Hotspur)

36

1958–59

Wolverhampton Wanderers (3)

Manchester United

Arsenal

 Jimmy Greaves (Chelsea)

33

1959–60

Burnley (2)

Wolverhampton Wanderers

Tottenham Hotspur

 Dennis Viollet (Manchester United)

32

1960–61

Tottenham Hotspur (2)

Sheffield Wednesday

Wolverhampton Wanderers

 Jimmy Greaves (Chelsea)

41

1961–62

Ipswich Town

Burnley

Tottenham Hotspur

 Ray Crawford (Ipswich Town)   Derek Kevan (West Bromwich Albion)

33

1962–63

Everton (6)

Tottenham Hotspur

Burnley

 Jimmy Greaves (Tottenham Hotspur)

37

1963–64

Liverpool (6)

Manchester United

Everton

 Jimmy Greaves (Tottenham Hotspur)

35

1964–65

Manchester United (6)

Leeds United

Chelsea

 Andy McEvoy (Blackburn Rovers)   Jimmy Greaves (Tottenham Hotspur)

29

1965–66

Liverpool (7)

Leeds United

Burnley

 Willie Irvine (Burnley)

29

1966–67

Manchester United (7)

Nottingham Forest

Tottenham Hotspur

 Ron Davies (Southampton)

37

1967–68

Manchester City (2)

Manchester United

Liverpool

 George Best (Manchester United)   Ron Davies (Southampton)

28

1968–69

Leeds United

Liverpool

Everton

 Jimmy Greaves (Tottenham Hotspur)

27

1969–70

Everton (7)

Leeds United

Chelsea

 Jeff Astle (West Bromwich Albion)

25

1970–71

Arsenal (8)

Leeds United

Tottenham Hotspur

 Tony Brown (West Bromwich Albion)

28

1971–72

Derby County

Leeds United

Liverpool

 Francis Lee (Manchester City)

33

1972–73

Liverpool[2] (8)

Arsenal

Leeds United

 Pop Robson (West Ham United)

28

1973–74

Leeds United (2)

Liverpool

Derby County

 Mick Channon (Southampton)

21

1974–75

Derby County (2)

Liverpool

Ipswich Town

 Malcolm Macdonald (Newcastle United)

21

1975–76

Liverpool[2] (9)

Queens Park Rangers

Manchester United

 Ted MacDougall (Norwich City)

23

1976–77

Liverpool[3] (10)

Manchester City

Ipswich Town

 Malcolm Macdonald (Arsenal)   Andy Gray (Aston Villa)

25

1977–78

Nottingham Forest[4]

Liverpool

Everton

 Bob Latchford (Everton)

30

1978–79

Liverpool (11)

Nottingham Forest

West Bromwich Albion

 Frank Worthington (Bolton Wanderers)

24

1979–80

Liverpool (12)

Manchester United

Ipswich Town

 Phil Boyer (Southampton)

23

1980–81

Aston Villa (7)

Ipswich Town

Arsenal

 Peter Withe (Aston Villa)   Steve Archibald (Tottenham Hotspur)

20

1981–82[5]

Liverpool[4](13)

Ipswich Town

Manchester United

 Kevin Keegan (Southampton)

26

1982–83

Liverpool[4] (14)

Watford

Manchester United

 Luther Blissett (Watford)

27

1983–84

Liverpool[3][4] (15)

Southampton

Nottingham Forest

 Ian Rush (Liverpool)

32

1984–85

Everton[6] (8)

Liverpool

Tottenham Hotspur

 Kerry Dixon (Chelsea)   Gary Lineker (Leicester City)

24

1985–86

Liverpool (16)

Everton

West Ham United

 Gary Lineker (Everton)

30

1986–87

Everton (9)

Liverpool

Tottenham Hotspur

 Clive Allen (Tottenham Hotspur)

33

1987–88

Liverpool (17)

Manchester United

Nottingham Forest

 John Aldridge (Liverpool)

26

1988–89

Arsenal (9)

Liverpool

Nottingham Forest

 Alan Smith (Arsenal)

23

1989–90

Liverpool (18)

Aston Villa

Tottenham Hotspur

 Gary Lineker (Tottenham Hotspur)

24

1990–91

Arsenal (10)

Liverpool

Crystal Palace

 Alan Smith (Arsenal)

22

1991–92

Leeds United (3)

Manchester United

Sheffield Wednesday

 Ian Wright (Crystal Palace/Arsenal)

29

text: Premier League (1992–present)[edit]

text:
Year

Champions (number of titles)

Runners-up

Third place

Top goalscorer

Goals

1992–93

Manchester United (8)

Aston Villa

Norwich City

 Teddy Sheringham (Nottingham Forest/Tottenham)

22

1993–94

Manchester United (9)

Blackburn Rovers

Newcastle United

 Andy Cole (Newcastle United)

34

1994–95

Blackburn Rovers (3)

Manchester United

Nottingham Forest

 Alan Shearer (Blackburn Rovers)

34

1995–96

Manchester United (10)

Newcastle United

Liverpool

 Alan Shearer (Blackburn Rovers)

31

1996–97

Manchester United (11)

Newcastle United

Arsenal

 Alan Shearer (Newcastle United)

25

1997–98

Arsenal (11)

Manchester United

Liverpool

 Chris Sutton (Blackburn Rovers) Dion Dublin (Coventry City) Michael Owen (Liverpool)

18

1998–99

Manchester United[7] (12)

Arsenal

Chelsea

 Jimmy Floyd Hasselbaink (Leeds United) Michael Owen (Liverpool) Dwight Yorke (Manchester United)

18

1999–2000

Manchester United (13)

Arsenal

Leeds United

 Kevin Phillips (Sunderland)

30

2000–01

Manchester United (14)

Arsenal

Liverpool

 Jimmy Floyd Hasselbaink (Chelsea)

23

2001–02

Arsenal (12)

Liverpool

Manchester United

 Thierry Henry (Arsenal)

24

2002–03

Manchester United (15)

Arsenal

Newcastle United

 Ruud van Nistelrooy (Manchester United)

25

2003–04

Arsenal[1] (13)

Chelsea

Manchester United

 Thierry Henry (Arsenal)

30

2004–05

Chelsea[4] (2)

Arsenal

Manchester United

 Thierry Henry (Arsenal)

25

2005–06

Chelsea (3)

Manchester United

Liverpool

 Thierry Henry (Arsenal)

27

2006–07

Manchester United (16)

Chelsea

Liverpool

 Didier Drogba (Chelsea)

20

2007–08

Manchester United[3] (17)

Chelsea

Arsenal

 Cristiano Ronaldo (Manchester United)

31

2008–09

Manchester United[4] (18)

Liverpool

Chelsea

 Nicolas Anelka (Chelsea)

19

2009–10

Chelsea (4)

Manchester United

Arsenal

 Didier Drogba (Chelsea)

29

2010–11

Manchester United (19)

Chelsea

Manchester City

 Dimitar Berbatov (Manchester United) Carlos Tevez (Manchester City)

20

2011–12

Manchester City (3)

Manchester United

Arsenal

 Robin van Persie (Arsenal)

30

2012–13

Manchester United (20)

Manchester City

Chelsea

 Robin van Persie (Manchester United)

26

2013–14

Manchester City[4] (4)

Liverpool

Chelsea

 Luis Suárez (Liverpool)

31

2014–15

Chelsea[4] (5)

Manchester City

Arsenal

 Sergio Agüero (Manchester City)

26

2015–16

Leicester City

Arsenal

Tottenham Hotspur

 Harry Kane (Tottenham Hotspur)

25

2016–17

Chelsea (6)

Tottenham Hotspur

Manchester City

 Harry Kane (Tottenham Hotspur)

29

2017–18

Manchester City[4] (5)

Manchester United

Tottenham Hotspur

 Mohamed Salah (Liverpool)

32

text: Total titles won[edit]

text: There are 24 clubs, who have won the English title.

text: Teams in bold compete in the Premier League as of the 2018–19 season.

text:
Club

Winners

Runners-up

Winning seasons

Manchester United

20

16

1907–08, 1910–11, 1951–52, 1955–56, 1956–57, 1964–65, 1966–67, 1992–93, 1993–94, 1995–96, 1996–97, 1998–99, 1999–2000, 2000–01, 2002–03, 2006–07, 2007–08, 2008–09, 2010–11, 2012–13

Liverpool

18

13

1900–01, 1905–06, 1921–22, 1922–23, 1946–47, 1963–64, 1965–66, 1972–73, 1975–76, 1976–77, 1978–79, 1979–80, 1981–82, 1982–83, 1983–84, 1985–86, 1987–88, 1989–90

Arsenal

13

9

1930–31, 1932–33, 1933–34, 1934–35, 1937–38, 1947–48, 1952–53, 1970–71, 1988–89, 1990–91, 1997–98, 2001–02, 2003–04

Everton

9

7

1890–91, 1914–15, 1927–28, 1931–32, 1938–39, 1962–63, 1969–70, 1984–85, 1986–87

Aston Villa

7

10

1893–94, 1895–96, 1896–97, 1898–99, 1899–1900, 1909–10, 1980–81

Sunderland

6

5

1891–92, 1892–93, 1894–95, 1901–02, 1912–13, 1935–36

Chelsea

6

4

1954–55, 2004–05, 2005–06, 2009–10, 2014–15, 2016–17

Manchester City

5

5

1936–37, 1967–68, 2011–12, 2013–14, 2017–18

Newcastle United

4

2

1904–05, 1906–07, 1908–09, 1926–27

Sheffield Wednesday

4

1

1902–03, 1903–04, 1928–29, 1929–30

Leeds United

3

5

1968–69, 1973–74, 1991–92

Wolverhampton Wanderers

3

5

1953–54, 1957–58, 1958–59

Huddersfield Town

3

3

1923–24, 1924–25, 1925–26

Blackburn Rovers

3

1

1911–12, 1913–14, 1994–95

Preston North End

2

6

1888–89, 1889–90

Tottenham Hotspur

2

5

1950–51, 1960–61

Derby County

2

3

1971–72, 1974–75

Burnley

2

2

1920–21, 1959–60

Portsmouth

2

0

1948–49, 1949–50

Ipswich Town

1

2

1961–62

Nottingham Forest

1

2

1977–78

Sheffield United

1

2

1897–98

West Bromwich Albion

1

2

1919–20

Leicester City

1

1

2015–16

Bristol City

0

1

Oldham Athletic

0

1

Cardiff City

0

1

Charlton Athletic

0

1

Blackpool

0

1

Queen's Park Rangers

0

1

Watford

0

1

Southampton

0

1

text: Total titles won by region[edit]

text:
Region

Number of titles

Clubs

North West

59

Manchester United (20), Liverpool (18), Everton (9), Manchester City (5), Blackburn Rovers (3), Burnley (2), Preston North End (2)

London

21

Arsenal (13), Chelsea (6), Tottenham Hotspur (2)

Yorkshire

11

Sheffield Wednesday (4), Huddersfield Town (3), Leeds United (3), Sheffield United (1)

West Midlands

 11

Aston Villa (7), Wolverhampton Wanderers (3), West Bromwich Albion (1)

North East

 10

Sunderland (6), Newcastle United (4)

East Midlands

4

Derby County (2), Leicester City (1), Nottingham Forest (1)

South East

 2

Portsmouth (2)

East of England

 1

Ipswich Town (1)

text: By City / Town[edit]

text:
City / Town

Championships

Clubs

Liverpool

27

Liverpool (18), Everton (9)

Manchester

25

Manchester United (20), Manchester City (5)

London

21

Arsenal (13), Chelsea (6), Tottenham Hotspur (2)

Birmingham

7

Aston Villa (7)

Sunderland

6

Sunderland (6)

Sheffield

5

Sheffield Wednesday (4), Sheffield United (1)

Newcastle

4

Newcastle United (4)

Blackburn

3

Blackburn Rovers (3)

Huddersfield

3

Huddersfield Town (3)

Leeds

3

Leeds United (3)

Wolverhampton

3

Wolverhampton Wanderers (3)

Burnley

2

Burnley (2)

Derby

2

Derby County (2)

Portsmouth

2

Portsmouth (2)

Preston

2

Preston North End (2)

Ipswich

1

Ipswich Town (1)

Leicester

1

Leicester City (1)

Nottingham

1

Nottingham Forest (1)

West Bromwich

1

West Bromwich Albion (1)

text: Multiple trophy wins[edit]

text: See The Double and The Treble.


document_title: As the Deer

question_text: who wrote as the deer pants for the water

text: As the Deer

text: As the Deer is a well-known praise and worship hymn song by Martin J. Nystrom,[1] a native of Seattle, Washington. Written in 1984, this song is based on Psalm 42:1;[2][3][4][5]

text: "As the deer pants for the water,

text: so my soul longeth after Thee, you alone are my heart's desire , and I long to worship the"


document_title: The Miller's Tale

question_text: big bang theory amy tells a dirty story

question_tokens: big bang theory amy tells a dirty story

text: The Miller's Tale

text: Prologue[edit]

text: The general prologue to The Canterbury Tales describes the Miller, Robin, as a stout and evil churl fond of wrestling.[1] In the Miller's Prologue, the pilgrims have just heard and enjoyed "The Knight's Tale", a classical story of courtly love, and the host asks the Monk to "quite" ("follow" or "repay") with a tale of his own. However, the Miller insists on going next. He claims that his tale is "noble", but reminds the other pilgrims that he is quite drunk and cannot be held accountable for what he says. He explains that his story is about a carpenter and his wife, and how a clerk "hath set the wrightes cappe" (that is, fooled the carpenter). Osewold the Reeve, who had originally been a carpenter himself, protests that the tale will insult carpenters and wives, but the Miller carries on anyway.[2]

text: "The Miller's Tale" begins the trend in which succeeding tellers "quite" the previous one with their story. In a way the Miller requites the "Knight's Tale", and is himself directly requited with "The Reeve's Tale", in which the Reeve follows Robin's insulting story about a carpenter with his own tale disparaging a miller.[3]

text: Synopsis[edit]

text: "The Miller's Tale" is the story of a carpenter, his lovely wife, and two clerks (students) who are eager to sleep with her. The carpenter, John, lives in Oxford with his much younger wife, Alisoun, who is a local beauty. To make extra money, John rents out a room in his house to a clever scholar named Nicholas, who has taken a liking to Alisoun. Another scholar in the town, Absolon the parish clerk, also has his eye on Alisoun.

text: The action begins when John makes a day trip to a nearby town. While he is gone, Nicholas convinces Alisoun to have sex with him, and their affair begins. Shortly afterward, Alisoun goes to church, where Absolon sees her and immediately falls in love. He tries to woo Alisoun by singing love songs under her window during the full moon and seeks her attention by taking a part in a local play. Alisoun rebuffs all his efforts, however, because she's already involved with Nicholas.

text: Nicholas, meanwhile, longs to spend a whole night in Alisoun's arms rather than just the few moments they get together during John's absences. With Alisoun, he hatches a scheme that will enable him to do this. He convinces John that God is about to send a great flood like the one he sent in Noah's time. He says that God told him they could save themselves by hanging three large tubs from the ceiling to sleep in. Once the waters rose, they would cut the ropes and float away. John believes him and duly climbs into his tub. He thinks Nicholas and Alisoun are doing the same, but in fact, they are spending the night together in John's bed.

text: That same night, Absolon comes and begs Alisoun to kiss him. At first she refuses him, but she finally agrees. Instead of presenting her lips to Absolon's, though, she sticks her backside out the bedroom's "shot-window" (privy vent), and Absolon kisses her "ers" in the dark. Angry at being fooled, Absolon gets a red-hot coulter from the smith with which he intends to burn Alisoun. When he returns, though, Nicholas sticks his backside out to get in on the joke and farts in Absolon's face. Absolon thrusts the coulter "amidst the ers" of Nicholas who cries out for "Water!" to assuage the pain.

text: The screams wake John, who thinks the flood is upon them and cuts the rope attaching him to the ceiling. He crashes to the floor, and the townspeople, hearing the noise, rush to the scene. Upon hearing Nicholas' and Alisoun's version of events, they laugh at poor John and consider him mad.

text: Arts and culture[edit]

text: Geoffrey Chaucer wrote during the reign of Richard II, who very much appreciated the arts and culture of the time. We see this in The Miller's Tale when Chaucer describes what is in Nicholas' bedroom.

text:
His Almageste and books grere and smale,
His astrelabie longynge for his art,
Hise augrym stones layen faire apart
On shelves couched at his beddes heed"[4]

text: Nicholas is described not by his valor in battle or honour in the court. Instead, his many skills are described at great length, including the fact that he is studying one of the many scholarly arts that were popular at that time. Chaucer then goes on to describe what Nicholas is wearing and his skills as a musician.

text:
His presse ycovered with a faldyng reed,
And al above ther lay a gay sautrie
On which he made a nyghtes melodie
So swetely that al the chambre song,
And Angelus ad virginem he song,
And after that he song The Kynges Noote;
Full often blessed was his myrie throte! [5]

text: Again Nicholas is shown not as a brave knight but as a talented musician. He is shown to be very cultured as well as studied. Chaucer shows that Nicholas was skilled in the art of music, as he knew these certain songs which might have been quite popular at the time. What Nicholas wears could also be here to show that Nicholas wore clothes befitting his social class status. This focus on what a person could wear based on status was also important to Richard II.

text: Analysis[edit]

text: The tale appears to combine the motifs of two separate fabliaux, the 'second flood' and 'misdirected kiss', both of which appear in continental European literature of the period. Its bawdiness serves not only to introduce the Reeve's tale, but the general sequence of low comedy which terminates in the unfinished Cook's tale.

text:
This Absolom, that jolly was and gay,
Gooth with a sencer (censer) on the haliday,
Sensynge the wyves of the parisshe faste;
And many a lovely look on hem he caste,
And namely on this carpenteris wyf. (3339)

text: Alisoun, however, does not return Absolom's affections, although she readily takes his gifts.

text: A third theme, that of knowledge and science, appears in several marginal comments. Nicholas is an avid astrologer (as Chaucer himself was), equipped with, "His Almageste, and bookes grete and smale, / His astrelabie, longynge for his art..." John the carpenter represents unintellectual laymen; John tells Nicholas:

text:
Men sholde nat knowe of goddes pryvetee [God's private affairs].
Ye, blessed be alwey a lewed [unlearned] man
That noght but oonly his bileve kan! [who knows nothing except the Creed] (3454)

text: He also recounts a story (sometimes told of Thales) of an astrologer who falls into a pit while studying the stars. The issue of whether learned or unlearned faith is better is also relevant to The Prioress's Tale and The Parson's Tale.

text: Parody[edit]

text: The tale is replete with word-puns. Much is made of variations on "priv-" implying both secret things and private parts. Nicholas fondles Alisoun's "queynte", a noun, while Absolom is described after his humiliation as having his ardour "yqueynt" or quenched.

text: The Miller's name is intended as a pun on the phrase "rob 'em".[citation needed] As told in the Reeve's Tale the Miller is a not just a bully but a thief of grain he is supposed to grind for his customers.

text: Continuations[edit]

text: The 15th-century Tale of Beryn depicts the Miller trying and failing to explain the stained glass windows of Canterbury cathedral.

text: Chaucer refers to the Distichs of Cato with this passage: "He knew nat Catoun, for his wit was rude." The Distichs of Cato was one of the most common textbooks in schools throughout medieval Europe, and was familiar to almost anyone with a basic education in Latin.

text: The painting Netherlandish Proverbs by Pieter Breugel the Elder illustrates many of the themes in this story including a shot-window in use, a man with his backside on fire, a falling through a basket from a roof, pious hypocrisy, and cuckolding.

text: Use in other media[edit]

text: In an episode of the TV sitcom The Big Bang Theory, Amy told a portion of the Miller's Tale (recited in the original Middle English) when Bernadette dared her to tell a dirty story. According to Amy, it was the dirtiest story she knew.[6]


document_title: List of If Loving You Is Wrong episodes

question_text: who got shot on if loving you is wrong

question_tokens: who got shot on if loving you is wrong

text: List of If Loving You Is Wrong episodes

text: Series overview[edit]

text:
Season
Episodes
Originally aired

First aired
Last aired

1
20
September 9, 2014 (2014-09-09)
May 26, 2015 (2015-05-26)

2
22
September 22, 2015 (2015-09-22)
May 24, 2016 (2016-05-24)

3
22
September 13, 2016 (2016-09-13)
May 30, 2017 (2017-05-30)

4
18
September 19, 2017 (2017-09-19)
March 7,2018

text: Season 1 (2014–15)[edit]

text:
No. in
series
No. in
season
Title
Original air date
U.S. viewers
(million)

1
1
"A Twisted Affair"
September 9, 2014 (2014-09-09)
1.93[1]

Alex takes a pregnancy test because everyone thinks she's pregnant. Her husband Brad loves his job more than he loves her, but wants to make up for it. Esperanza deals with her ex-husband. Kelly wants to buy a house for her boyfriend Travis and her son Justice.
Note: The character Esperanza (played by Zulay Henao) is based on the character of the same name (also played by Zulay Henao) from the feature film The Single Moms Club. The character Natalie is based on the character Lytia Wright from The Single Moms Club.
Differences from the movie: (1) The girls meet because their kids are on the same sports team; unlike the movie, where their kids got into trouble in school. (2) Esperanza's character and storyline is rebooted and her ex-husband is more aggressive.

2
2
"Shots Fired"
September 9, 2014 (2014-09-09)
1.92[1]

Kelly buys a home in Alex and Marcie's neighborhood; meanwhile, the identification of Esperanza's new lover, is revealed to Edward.

3
3
"Alex Is Pregnant"
September 16, 2014 (2014-09-16)
1.80[2]

Brad and Alex help Kelly move into her new house, his suspicions of Alex's infidelity are put on hold after she reveals she is pregnant.

4
4
"The Colombian"
September 23, 2014 (2014-09-23)
1.64[3]

Travis comes back from his mission trip to Haiti and drops a bombshell on Kelly. Meanwhile, Esperanza finds out that Julius' father is the head of a Colombian cartel.

5
5
"The War Begins"
September 30, 2014 (2014-09-30)[4]
1.54[5]

Kelly's world is rocked when Travis reveals that he is engaged to another woman. Meanwhile, Alex tries to confirm that Brad is the father of her child.

6
6
"Game Night"
October 7, 2014 (2014-10-07)[4]
1.80[6]

After Eddie's house gets sprayed with gunfire, Lushion finally has an interview at the police station. Travis goes to see Kelly with the hopes of remaining in her life. During game night at Alex and Brad's house, a game of truth with Randall and Marcie leads to some awkward moments for everyone.

7
7
"After Heartbreak"
October 14, 2014 (2014-10-14)[4]
1.65[7]

Kelly makes plans to sell her house. Marcie and Brad become more suspicious of their spouses.

8
8
"14 Weeks"
October 21, 2014 (2014-10-21)[4]
1.68[8]

Alex finds out that she's further along in her pregnancy than she originally thought.

9
9
"Peppa"
October 28, 2014 (2014-10-28)[4]
1.74[9]

Natalie points the finger at Joey when Burger Fast is robbed. Marcie finds out Randall is sneaking around with a woman named "Peppa".

10
10
"Look Closely"
November 4, 2014 (2014-11-04)[4]
1.87[10]

In need of a distraction from her own drama, Kelly helps Marcie find "Peppa's" true identity.

11
11
"The Lady Next Door"
March 24, 2015 (2015-03-24)[11]
2.99[12]

Marcie has discovered the truth about Randall's affair; she makes a scene at Brad's birthday party. Everyone is thinking it was Kelly who was having the affair with Randall. It is later revealed that it was Alex who is "Peppa". Brad and Edward both attack Randall and beat him up for the deception.

12
12
"Girlfriends"
March 31, 2015 (2015-03-31)[4]
2.53[13]

After, Alex's affair with Randall is exposed. Kelly, Natalie and Esperanza try to comfort her. Brad and Eddie talk over what to do about the affair. Kelly gets a visit from Travis, who claims to still be in with her. Joey has a run-in with some guys from his old gang. Brad pulls a gun on Alex.

13
13
"Fatherless Boys"
April 7, 2015 (2015-04-07)[4]
2.02[14]

Brad is looking for Randall. Travis tells Justice that he is not his biological father, at the same time his mother comes to apologize to Kelly. Marcie is looking for a place to stay and comes to Kelly for comfort. Joey wants to work at a chemical plant but Natalie doesn't want him to work there. Meanwhile, things are getting heated between Eddie and Lushion.

14
14
"Who Knew"
April 14, 2015 (2015-04-14)[4]
2.28[15]

Brad questions all of the girls about the affair. The police come to Randall's house after getting reports of gunfire. Eddie arrests Randall. Lushion stands up to Eddie. Marcie becomes unstable when showing a house to an interracial couple.

15
15
"Marcie & Brad"
April 21, 2015 (2015-04-21)[4]
2.21[16]

Marcie tries to hold it together when she confronts Alex. Randall hires a lawyer specializing in discrimination. Joey is still trying to get a job but things aren't looking up. Lushion and Natalie discuss living arraignments. Meanwhile, Marcie and Brad plot to have sex to get back at Alex and Randall.

16
16
"Whose Baby?"
April 28, 2015 (2015-04-28)[4]
1.97[17]

Marcie and Brad find out they have more in common than they expected. Alex experiences contraction-like symptoms. Brad demands that Alex get a paternity test from the doctor.

17
17
"The Randall Connection"
May 5, 2015 (2015-05-05)
1.95[18]

Randall tells Marcie he's the father of Alex's unborn child. Alex and Brad's kids see him sleeping on the couch and question their parents. Eddie feels uneasy, so he tries to make things right with Lushion. Joey gets some helpful advice from Faun but things go wrong when Quan shows up, to threaten his family. Randall finds out Eddie's secret and uses it against him.

18
18
"The Debt"
May 12, 2015 (2015-05-12)
2.07[19]

Edward is targeted in an act of revenge for taking money from Quan. Marcie confronts Alex about her sexual history. Esperanza gets a visit from Randall's lawyer. Meanwhile, being a stay-at-home mom has its disadvantages, when Randall shows up at Alex's front door. Quan struggles to pay back the debt he owes Julius.

19
19
"Nine P.M."
May 19, 2015 (2015-05-19)
2.21[20]

Eddie is rushed to the hospital after getting shot in the last episode. While struggling for his life, Esperanza is distraught but things worsen when Eddie's wife shows up. Travis comes to Kelly's job and she finds herself tempted. Brad helps Peter with his Mother's Day homework. Peter gets suspicious over Brad's behavior.

20
20
"Alex's Baby"
May 26, 2015 (2015-05-26)
2.05[21]

Marcie tells the neighbors about the Randall-Alex affair and Brad threatens Randall. Alex goes into labor; Natalie begs Lushion to quit the force; Edward confesses his feelings for Esperanza.

text: Season 2 (2015–16)[edit]

text:
No. in
series
No. in
season
Title
Original air date
U.S. viewers
(million)

21
1
"Miss Louise"
September 22, 2015 (2015-09-22)
2.90[22]

Kelly, Esperanza, and Natalie try to calm down Brad when he discovers that he isn't the father of Alex's newborn baby boy; As Marcie struggles with her and Randal's relationship a surprise lies ahead, a visit from her mother-in-law, Louise.

22
2
"The Beauty That Is"
September 29, 2015 (2015-09-29)
2.32[23]

The ladies show their support for Alex as she deals with giving birth with Randal's child.

23
3
"The Painter"
October 6, 2015 (2015-10-06)
2.05[24]

Alex dreams of how her affair with Randal started.

24
4
"Blonde Hair, Blue Eyes"
October 13, 2015 (2015-10-13)
1.96[25]

Louise gives up information about Randal attraction to blonde women with blue eyes, making Marcie jealous.

25
5
"The Shed"
October 20, 2015 (2015-10-20)
2.01[26]

Randal finds out karma does exists. Natalie catches Joey and Faun having sex at her restaurant.

26
6
"Being a Woman"
October 27, 2015 (2015-10-27)
2.44[27]

Randal's wife and mother deal with their conflicted feelings.

27
7
"Joey and Faun"
November 3, 2015 (2015-11-03)
2.28[28]

Marcie gains an unexpected ally; Faun tries to reconcile with Natalie.

28
8
"The Tape"
November 10, 2015 (2015-11-10)
2.43[29]

Eddie and Ben go forward with plans to take down their enemies.

29
9
"He's Beautiful"
November 17, 2015 (2015-11-17)
2.23[30]

Brad surprises Alex with something terrible.

30
10
"Time For A Cigar"
November 24, 2015 (2015-11-24)
2.19[31]

Because of his betrayal, Brad taunts Randal, causing a fight between the two at the hospital.

31
11
"Out of Control"
December 1, 2015 (2015-12-01)
2.51[32]

Edward plans out something vicious. Alex gets released from the hospital.

32
12
"Mortal & Fifth"
March 15, 2016 (2016-03-15)
2.47[33]

A horrible ambush ends in catastrophe.

33
13
"The Last Word"
March 22, 2016 (2016-03-22)
2.20[34]

Randal confronts his wife about her infidelity.

34
14
"Backfired"
March 29, 2016 (2016-03-29)
2.19[35]

Kelly does her best to protect Alex.

35
15
"Randal's Wicked Web"
April 5, 2016 (2016-04-05)
1.99[36]

Randal comes for Alex and Brad.

36
16
"A Mother's Love"
April 12, 2016 (2016-04-12)
2.19[37]

Alex realizes the debts of Randal's evil

37
17
"Betting on Tina"
April 19, 2016 (2016-04-19)
2.20[38]

Eddie finds that a nurse is his most formidable opponent. The ladies spend the night at Alex's house.

38
18
"The Brown Paper Bag"
April 26, 2016 (2016-04-26)
2.05[39]

Lushion searches high and low for a piece of evidence. Kelly and Esperanza talk Alex into letting Randal see the baby.

39
19
"For Pete"
May 3, 2016 (2016-05-03)
2.30[40]

Lushion takes a stand against corruption. Alex agrees to let Randal see the baby.

40
20
"The Will"
May 10, 2016 (2016-05-10)
2.37[41]

Julius faces a shocking blow.

41
21
"An Evil Alliance"
May 17, 2016 (2016-05-17)
2.28[42]

An alliance is formed. Alex receives custody notices from Randal.

42
22
"The Wicked Soul"
May 24, 2016 (2016-05-24)
2.39[43]

Lushion confesses a secret. Alex begs her parents for help with Randal.

text: Season 3 (2016–17)[edit]

text:
No. in
series
No. in
season
Title
Original air date
U.S. viewers
(million)

43
1
"Watch Your Back"
September 13, 2016 (2016-09-13)
2.94[44]

In the Season 3 premiere, Alex discovers a terrible scene.

44
2
"911 Emergency"
September 20, 2016 (2016-09-20)
2.33[45]

In a fit of desperation, Alex leaves home and takes matters into her own hands.

45
3
"Boiling Point"
September 27, 2016 (2016-09-27)
2.16[46]

Natalie waits for news about Joey while the police try to locate Alex's baby.

46
4
"You're The Boss"
October 4, 2016 (2016-10-04)
2.06[47]

Edward oversteps his authority in front of Steven and is reminded who the boss really is.

47
5
"An Unlikely Suspect"
October 11, 2016 (2016-10-11)
2.25[48]

A crime shocks the town of Maxine; the police identify a suspect.

48
6
"The Power Of Love"
October 18, 2016 (2016-10-18)
2.03[49]

Police interrogate their top suspect in the crime that has shocked the town.

49
7
"The Wages Of Sin"
October 25, 2016 (2016-10-25)
2.08[50]

The police question Brad as Joey fights for his life.

50
8
"Keeping Watch"
November 1, 2016 (2016-11-01)
1.89[51]

Edward tries to wake Louise while she is unconscious in an effort to see what she knows about Brad; Lushion scolds an agent who wasn't keeping tabs on Pete's room.

51
9
"A Room For You"
November 15, 2016 (2016-11-15)
2.05[52]

Alex and Andrew wait for backup on a quiet country road; things are not quiet at the hospital.

52
10
"Every Minute Counts"
November 22, 2016 (2016-11-22)
2.00[53]

Marcie learns life-altering news and her life will never be the same.

53
11
"Rusty's Brand Of Justice"
November 29, 2016 (2016-11-29)
2.41[54]

On the mid-season finale, Rusty issues his brand of justice.

54
12
"A Neighborhood In Crisis"
March 21, 2017 (2017-03-21)
1.96[55]

Kelly learns the shocking whereabouts of her neighbor Ramsey and Alex finally saves her baby.

55
13
"Sui Ling Mai"
March 28, 2017 (2017-03-28)
1.97[56]

Pete takes on an alias to keep himself out of Edward's grasp. Kelly attempts to distance herself from Travis. Marcie and Brad confess their love for each other.

56
14
"A Fatal Attraction"
April 4, 2017 (2017-04-04)
1.89[57]

Travis loses his mind and becomes a crazed predator. Alex and Randall face off in court.

57
15
"The Missing Person"
April 11, 2017 (2017-04-11)
2.03[58]

The police are searching for the missing Andrew. Alex reveals shocking news.

58
16
"The Mail Man"
April 18, 2017 (2017-04-18)
1.87[59]

Kelly panics when she learns the crime Travis has committed.

59
17
"Tippa Haynes"
April 25, 2017 (2017-04-25)
1.92[60]

Randal questions the paternity of Alex's baby. Marcie struggles of telling Brad about her pregnancy.

60
18
"The Party Just Arrived"
May 2, 2017 (2017-05-02)
1.85[61]

Dianne confronts and bullies Kelly with outrageous demands, while Randal warns Natalie that Lushion is cheating on her.

61
19
"Don't Lose Your Deposit"
May 9, 2017 (2017-05-09)
N/A

Louise gives Marcie advice about Brad. Marcie taunts Alex.

62
20
"No One Is Safe"
May 16, 2017 (2017-05-16)
N/A

Kelly finds herself in an all-to-familiar predicament with a man she just can't get rid of.

63
21
"Angry Men"
May 23, 2017 (2017-05-23)
N/A

Travis acts on his vengeful impulses.

64
22
"Sound The Alarm"
May 30, 2017 (2017-05-30)
N/A

In the Season 3 finale, Kelly learns a new way to protect herself from Travis, Alex is finally granted custody of her baby, and Eddie gets taken down.

text: Season 4 (2017–18)[edit]

text:
No. in
series
No. in
season
Title
Original air date
U.S. viewers
(million)

65
1
"A Difficult Path"
September 19, 2017 (2017-09-19)
1.89[62]

In the Season 4 premiere, the Maxine community is left unsteady after an incident endangers the lives of all the children in the neighborhood.

66
2
"Justice"
September 26, 2017 (2017-09-26)
1.70[63]

Kelly finds herself in legal trouble that endangers her freedom. Randal continues to antagonize Marcie and Brad.

67
3
"In Distress"
October 3, 2017 (2017-10-03)
1.93[64]

Lushion tries get Kelly out a horrible situation.

68
4
"Enemy Secrets"
October 10, 2017 (2017-10-10)
1.81[65]

Kelly gets help for her legal troubles. Eddie declares war against Steven and Lushion.

69
5
"A Taste Of Freedom"
October 17, 2017 (2017-10-17)
1.84[66]

Randall continues his intensified harassment on all his neighbors, especially those of Brad and Alex.

70
6
"Falling"
October 24, 2017 (2017-10-24)
1.79[67]

Brad seeks revenge against Randall, almost injuring him seriously. Much to Randall's dismay, it's not giving him much help by calling the police.

71
7
"Something Is Rotten"
November 7, 2017 (2017-11-07)
1.72[68]

Randall secretly undermines Marcie in her attempts to seek legal counsel against him; Also, Eddie surprises Esperanza and is shocked in anger by his discovery.

72
8
"Dark Intentions"
November 14, 2017 (2017-11-14)
1.79[69]

Lushion comes to Kelly's aid by going after Travis; Steven reveals his true feelings to Esperanza.

73
9
"Chains, Guns, and Automobiles"
November 21, 2017 (2017-11-21)
1.77[70]

Larry, the attorney, mistakenly breaks Marcie's confidence, leaving Marcie in great peril. Travis goes after Kelly in the dead of night.

74
10
"A Dame In Distress"
January 10, 2018 (2018-01-10)
1.39[71]

Randall enacts a terrible game of vengeance against Eddie; Eddie must depend on Lushion to call for help.

75
11
"The Porch Light"[72]
January 17, 2018 (2018-01-17)
1.60[73]

Lushion reluctantly comes to Eddie's rescue; and Eddie vows revenge against Randall and his attorney, Larry.

76
12
"The Papers"
January 24, 2018 (2018-01-24)
TBD

Kelly finds out she has been betrayed by her lawyer, Ian; Steven continues his pursuit of Esperanza.

77
13
"Hanging in the Balance"
January 31, 2018 (2018-01-31)
TBD

Eddie seeks out vengeance against attorney Larry.

78
14
"The Battleground State"
February 7, 2018 (2018-02-07)
TBD

Randall schemes up a plan to destroy Marcie so he gets some high-maintenance assistance; Kelly's son, Justice, becomes traumatized by his mother's legal troubles.

79
15
"Golfer"
February 14, 2018 (2018-02-14)
TBD

Marcie finds a lawyer, who she hopes to be a strong ally in her fight against her devious husband Randal; Brad gives Alex an ultimatum that forces her to make a promise she will have a difficult time keeping.


document_title: List of Super Bowl head coaches

question_text: what nfl coach has the most super bowl wins

text: List of Super Bowl head coaches

text: Super Bowl head coaches[edit]

text:
Elected to Hall of Fame as Coach
Elected to Hall of Fame as Player
Active Coach

text: (Win number in parenthesis). [Loss number in brackets]. Click on heading arrows to sort table.

text:
Date
Super Bowl
Winning coach
Team
Opponent
Losing coach
Score
Site

January 15, 1967
I
Lombardi, VinceVince Lombardi
Green Bay Packers A !Green Bay Packers
Kansas City Chiefs
Stram, HankHank Stram
35–10
Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum in Los Angeles

January 14, 1968
II
Lombardi, VinceVince Lombardi (2)
Green Bay Packers B !Green Bay Packers
Oakland Raiders A !Oakland Raiders
Rauch, JohnJohn Rauch
33–14
Miami Orange Bowl in Miami, Florida

January 12, 1969
III
Ewbank, WeebWeeb Ewbank
New York Jets
Indianapolis Colts A !Baltimore Colts
Shula, DonDon Shula
16–07 !16–7
Miami Orange Bowl in Miami, Florida

January 11, 1970
IV
Stram, HankHank Stram
Kansas City Chiefs
Minnesota Vikings A !Minnesota Vikings
Grant, BudBud Grant
23–07 !23–7
Tulane Stadium in New Orleans, Louisiana

January 17, 1971
V
McCafferty, DonDon McCafferty
Indianapolis Colts A !Baltimore Colts
Dallas Cowboys A !Dallas Cowboys
Landry, TomTom Landry
16–13
Miami Orange Bowl in Miami, Florida

January 16, 1972
VI
Landry, TomTom Landry
Dallas Cowboys A !Dallas Cowboys
Miami Dolphins A !Miami Dolphins
Shula, DonDon Shula [2]
24–03 !24–3
Tulane Stadium in New Orleans, Louisiana

January 14, 1973
VII
Shula, DonDon Shula
Miami Dolphins A !Miami Dolphins
Washington Redskins A !Washington Redskins
Allen , GeorgeGeorge Allen
14–07 !14–7
Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum in Los Angeles

January 13, 1974
VIII
Shula, DonDon Shula (2)
Miami Dolphins B !Miami Dolphins
Minnesota Vikings B !Minnesota Vikings
Grant, BudBud Grant [2]
24–07 !24–7
Rice Stadium in Houston, Texas

January 12, 1975
IX
Noll, ChuckChuck Noll
Pittsburgh Steelers A !Pittsburgh Steelers
Minnesota Vikings C !Minnesota Vikings
Grant, BudBud Grant [3]
16–06 !16–6
Tulane Stadium in New Orleans, Louisiana

January 18, 1976
X
Noll, ChuckChuck Noll (2)
Pittsburgh Steelers B !Pittsburgh Steelers
Dallas Cowboys B !Dallas Cowboys
Landry, TomTom Landry [2]
21–17
Miami Orange Bowl in Miami, Florida

January 9, 1977
XI
Madden, JohnJohn Madden
Oakland Raiders A !Oakland Raiders
Minnesota Vikings D !Minnesota Vikings
Grant, BudBud Grant [4]
32–14
Rose Bowl Stadium in Pasadena, California

January 15, 1978
XII
Landry, TomTom Landry (2)
Dallas Cowboys B !Dallas Cowboys
Denver Broncos A !Denver Broncos
Miller, RedRed Miller
27–10
Louisiana Superdome in New Orleans, Louisiana

January 21, 1979
XIII
Noll, ChuckChuck Noll (3)
Pittsburgh Steelers C !Pittsburgh Steelers
Dallas Cowboys C !Dallas Cowboys
Landry, TomTom Landry [3]
35–31
Miami Orange Bowl in Miami, Florida

January 20, 1980
XIV
Noll, ChuckChuck Noll (4)
Pittsburgh Steelers D !Pittsburgh Steelers
St. Louis Rams A !Los Angeles Rams
Malavasi, RayRay Malavasi
31–19
Rose Bowl Stadium in Pasadena, California

January 25, 1981
XV
Flores, TomTom Flores
Oakland Raiders B !Oakland Raiders
Philadelphia Eagles A !Philadelphia Eagles
Vermeil, DickDick Vermeil
27–10
Louisiana Superdome in New Orleans, Louisiana

January 24, 1982
XVI
Walsh, BillBill Walsh
San Francisco 49ers A !San Francisco 49ers
Cincinnati Bengals A !Cincinnati Bengals
Gregg, ForrestForrest Gregg
26–21
Pontiac Silverdome in Pontiac, Michigan

January 30, 1983
XVII
Gibbs, JoeJoe Gibbs
Washington Redskins A !Washington Redskins
Miami Dolphins B !Miami Dolphins
Shula, DonDon Shula [3]
27–17
Rose Bowl Stadium in Pasadena, California

January 22, 1984
XVIII
Flores, TomTom Flores (2)
Oakland Raiders C !Los Angeles Raiders
Washington Redskins B !Washington Redskins
Gibbs, JoeJoe Gibbs
38–09 !38–9
Tampa Stadium in Tampa, Florida

January 20, 1985
XIX
Walsh, BillBill Walsh (2)
San Francisco 49ers B !San Francisco 49ers
Miami Dolphins C !Miami Dolphins
Shula, DonDon Shula [4]
38–16
Stanford Stadium in Palo Alto, California

January 26, 1986
XX
Ditka, MikeMike Ditka
Chicago Bears
New England Patriots A !New England Patriots
Berry, RaymondRaymond Berry
46–10
Louisiana Superdome in New Orleans, Louisiana

January 25, 1987
XXI
Parcells, BillBill Parcells
New York Giants A !New York Giants
Denver Broncos B !Denver Broncos
Reeves, DanDan Reeves
39–20
Rose Bowl Stadium in Pasadena, California

January 31, 1988
XXII
Gibbs, JoeJoe Gibbs (2)
Washington Redskins B !Washington Redskins
Denver Broncos C !Denver Broncos
Reeves, DanDan Reeves [2]
42–10
Jack Murphy Stadium in San Diego, California

January 22, 1989
XXIII
Walsh, BillBill Walsh (3)
San Francisco 49ers C !San Francisco 49ers
Cincinnati Bengals B !Cincinnati Bengals
Wyche, SamSam Wyche
20–16
Joe Robbie Stadium in Miami, Florida

January 28, 1990
XXIV
Seifert, GeorgeGeorge Seifert
San Francisco 49ers D !San Francisco 49ers
Denver Broncos D !Denver Broncos
Reeves, DanDan Reeves [3]
55–10
Louisiana Superdome in New Orleans, Louisiana

January 27, 1991
XXV
Parcells, BillBill Parcells (2)
New York Giants B !New York Giants
Buffalo Bills A !Buffalo Bills
Levy, MarvMarv Levy
20–19
Tampa Stadium in Tampa, Florida

January 26, 1992
XXVI
Gibbs, JoeJoe Gibbs (3)
Washington Redskins C !Washington Redskins
Buffalo Bills B !Buffalo Bills
Levy, MarvMarv Levy [2]
37–24
Hubert H. Humphrey Metrodome in Minneapolis, Minnesota

January 31, 1993
XXVII
Johnson, JimmyJimmy Johnson
Dallas Cowboys C !Dallas Cowboys
Buffalo Bills C !Buffalo Bills
Levy, MarvMarv Levy [3]
52–17
Rose Bowl Stadium in Pasadena, California

January 30, 1994
XXVIII
Johnson, JimmyJimmy Johnson (2)
Dallas Cowboys D !Dallas Cowboys
Buffalo Bills D !Buffalo Bills
Levy, MarvMarv Levy [4]
30–13
Georgia Dome in Atlanta

January 29, 1995
XXIX
Seifert, GeorgeGeorge Seifert (2)
San Francisco 49ers E !San Francisco 49ers
San Diego Chargers
Ross, BobbyBobby Ross
49–26
Joe Robbie Stadium in Miami, Florida

January 28, 1996
XXX
Switzer, BarryBarry Switzer
Dallas Cowboys E !Dallas Cowboys
Pittsburgh Steelers A !Pittsburgh Steelers
Cowher, BillBill Cowher
27–17
Sun Devil Stadium in Tempe, Arizona

January 26, 1997
XXXI
Holmgren, MikeMike Holmgren
Green Bay Packers C !Green Bay Packers
New England Patriots B !New England Patriots
Parcells, BillBill Parcells
35–21
Louisiana Superdome in New Orleans, Louisiana

January 25, 1998
XXXII
Shanahan, MikeMike Shanahan
Denver Broncos A !Denver Broncos
Green Bay Packers A !Green Bay Packers
Holmgren, MikeMike Holmgren
31–24
Qualcomm Stadium in San Diego, California

January 31, 1999
XXXIII
Shanahan, MikeMike Shanahan (2)
Denver Broncos B !Denver Broncos
Atlanta Falcons
Reeves, DanDan Reeves [4]
34–19
Pro Player Stadium in Miami, Florida

January 30, 2000
XXXIV
Vermeil, DickDick Vermeil
St. Louis Rams A !St. Louis Rams
Tennessee Titans
Fisher, JeffJeff Fisher
23–16
Georgia Dome in Atlanta

January 28, 2001
XXXV
Billick, BrianBrian Billick
Baltimore Ravens
New York Giants A !New York Giants
Fassel, JimJim Fassel
34–07 !34–7
Raymond James Stadium in Tampa, Florida

February 3, 2002
XXXVI
Belichick, BillBill Belichick
New England Patriots A !New England Patriots
St. Louis Rams B !St. Louis Rams
Martz, MikeMike Martz
20–17
Louisiana Superdome in New Orleans, Louisiana

January 26, 2003
XXXVII
Gruden, JonJon Gruden
Tampa Bay Buccaneers
Oakland Raiders B !Oakland Raiders
Callahan, BillBill Callahan
48–21
Qualcomm Stadium in San Diego, California

February 1, 2004
XXXVIII
Belichick, BillBill Belichick (2)
New England Patriots B !New England Patriots
Carolina Panthers
Fox, JohnJohn Fox
32–29
Reliant Stadium in Houston, Texas

February 6, 2005
XXXIX
Belichick, BillBill Belichick (3)
New England Patriots C !New England Patriots
Philadelphia Eagles B !Philadelphia Eagles
Reid, AndyAndy Reid
24–21
Alltel Stadium in Jacksonville, Florida

February 5, 2006
XL
Cowher, BillBill Cowher
Pittsburgh Steelers E !Pittsburgh Steelers
Seattle Seahawks A !Seattle Seahawks
Holmgren, MikeMike Holmgren [2]
21–10
Ford Field in Detroit, Michigan

February 4, 2007
XLI
Dungy, TonyTony Dungy
Indianapolis Colts B !Indianapolis Colts
Chicago Bears
Smith, LovieLovie Smith
29–17
Dolphin Stadium in Miami Gardens, Florida

February 3, 2008
XLII
Coughlin, TomTom Coughlin
New York Giants C !New York Giants
New England Patriots C !New England Patriots
Belichick, BillBill Belichick
17–14
University of Phoenix Stadium in Glendale, Arizona

February 1, 2009
XLIII
Tomlin, MikeMike Tomlin
Pittsburgh Steelers F !Pittsburgh Steelers
Arizona Cardinals
Whisenhunt, KenKen Whisenhunt
27–23
Raymond James Stadium in Tampa, Florida

February 7, 2010
XLIV
Payton, SeanSean Payton
New Orleans Saints
Indianapolis Colts B !Indianapolis Colts
Caldwell , JimJim Caldwell
31–17
Sun Life Stadium in Miami Gardens, Florida

February 6, 2011
XLV
McCarthy, MikeMike McCarthy
Green Bay Packers D !Green Bay Packers
Pittsburgh Steelers B !Pittsburgh Steelers
Tomlin, MikeMike Tomlin
31–25
Cowboys Stadium in Arlington, Texas

February 5, 2012
XLVI
Coughlin, TomTom Coughlin (2)
New York Giants D !New York Giants
New England Patriots D !New England Patriots
Belichick, BillBill Belichick [2]
21–17
Lucas Oil Stadium in Indianapolis, Indiana

February 3, 2013
XLVII
Harbaugh, JohnJohn Harbaugh
Baltimore Ravens D !Baltimore Ravens
San Francisco 49ers D !San Francisco 49ers
Harbaugh, JimJim Harbaugh
34–31
Mercedes-Benz Superdome in New Orleans, Louisiana

February 2, 2014
XLVIII
Carroll, PetePete Carroll
Seattle Seahawks A !Seattle Seahawks
Denver Broncos E !Denver Broncos
Fox, JohnJohn Fox [2]
43–8
MetLife Stadium in East Rutherford, New Jersey

February 1, 2015
XLIX
Belichick, BillBill Belichick (4)
New England Patriots H !New England Patriots
Seattle Seahawks B !Seattle Seahawks
Carroll, PetePete Carroll
28–24
University of Phoenix Stadium in Glendale, Arizona

February 7, 2016
L
Kubiak, GaryGary Kubiak
Denver Broncos C !Denver Broncos
Carolina Panthers B !Carolina Panthers
Rivera, RonRon Rivera
24–10
Levi's Stadium in Santa Clara, California

February 5, 2017
LI
Belichick, BillBill Belichick (5)
New England Patriots H !New England Patriots
Atlanta Falcons B !Atlanta Falcons
Quinn, DanDan Quinn
34–28 (OT)
NRG Stadium in Houston, Texas

February 4, 2018
LII
Pederson, DougDoug Pederson
Philadelphia Eagles
New England Patriots
Belichick, BillBill Belichick [3]
41-33
U.S. Bank Stadium in Minneapolis, Minnesota

text: Coaches with multiple Super Bowl appearances[edit]

text: The following NFL head coaches have coached in two or more Super Bowls.

text:
Sort chart by clicking arrows by heading.
In descending order, the tiebreakers are – 1) Better win percentage 2) Earliest Super Bowl

text:
Coaches listed by Games 1st, Wins 2nd, then Super Bowl number

Games
Coach
Wins
Losses
Percent
Super Bowls
Team(s)

8
Belichick, BillBill Belichick
5
2.9 ! 3
.675
s !XXXVI, XXXVIII, XXXIX, XLII, XLVI, XLIX, LI,LII
New England Patriots

6
Shula, DonDon Shula
2.1 ! 2
4.9 ! 4
.340 ! .333
c ! III, VI, VII, VIII, XVII, XIX
Baltimore Colts, Miami Dolphins

5
Landry, TomTom Landry
2.2 ! 2
3.9 ! 3
.400
e ! V, VI, X, XII, XIII
Dallas Cowboys

4
Noll, ChuckChuck Noll
4
0.9 ! 0
1.410 !1.000
f ! IX, X, XIII, XIV
Pittsburgh Steelers

Gibbs, JoeJoe Gibbs
3.8 ! 3
1.9 ! 1
.750
j ! XVII, XVIII, XXII, XXVI
Washington Redskins

Grant, BudBud Grant
.9 ! 0
4.8 ! 4
-7 ! .000
d ! IV, VIII, IX, XI
Minnesota Vikings

Levy, MarvMarv Levy
.8 ! 0
4.7 ! 4.8 ! 4
-6 ! .000
n  !XXV, XXVI, XXVII, XXVIII
Buffalo Bills

Reeves, DanDan Reeves
.7 ! 0
4.6 ! 4
-2 ! .000
l  ! XXI, XXII, XXIV, XXXIII
Denver Broncos, Atlanta Falcons

3
Walsh, BillBill Walsh
3.9 ! 3
0.8 ! 0
1.400 !1.000
i ! XVI, XIX, XXIII
San Francisco 49ers

Parcells, BillBill Parcells
2.3 ! 2
1.8 ! 1
.667
k ! XXI, XXV, XXXI
New York Giants, New England Patriots

Holmgren, MikeMike Holmgren
1.5 ! 1
2.8 ! 2
.339 ! .333
q ! XXXI, XXXII, XL
Green Bay Packers, Seattle Seahawks

2
Lombardi, VinceVince Lombardi
2.9 ! 2
0.7 ! 0
1.310 !1.000
a !I, II
Green Bay Packers

Flores, TomTom Flores
2.8 ! 2
0.6 ! 0
1.309 !1.000
g !XV, XVIII
Oakland/Los Angeles Raiders

Johnson, JimmyJimmy Johnson
2.7 ! 2
0.5 ! 0
1.308 !1.000
o ! XXVII, XXVIII
Dallas Cowboys

Seifert, GeorgeGeorge Seifert
2.6 ! 2
0.4 ! 0
1.307 !1.000
m ! XXIV, XXIX
San Francisco 49ers

Shanahan, MikeMike Shanahan
2.5 ! 2
0.3 ! 0
1.306 !1.000
r !XXXII, XXXIII
Denver Broncos

Coughlin, TomTom Coughlin
2.4 ! 2
0.2 ! 0
1.305 !1.000
t !XLII, XLVI
New York Giants

Stram, HankHank Stram
1.9 ! 1
1.7 ! 1
.510 ! .500
b !I, IV
Kansas City Chiefs

Vermeil, DickDick Vermeil
1.8 ! 1
1.6 ! 1
.509 ! .500
h ! XV, XXXIV
Philadelphia Eagles, St. Louis Rams

Cowher, BillBill Cowher
1.7 ! 1
1.5 ! 1
.508 ! .500
p !XXX, XL
Pittsburgh Steelers

Tomlin, MikeMike Tomlin
1.6 ! 1
1.4 ! 1
.507 ! .500
u !XLIII, XLV
Pittsburgh Steelers

Carroll, PetePete Carroll
1.6 ! 1
1.4 ! 1
.507 ! .500
v !XLVIII, XLIX
Seattle Seahawks

Fox, JohnJohn Fox
0.3 ! 0
1.5 ! 2
-3 ! .000
v !XXXVIII, XLVIII
Carolina Panthers, Denver Broncos