document_title: Super Bowl Most Valuable Player Award

question_text: who was named mvp for super bowl i

question_tokens: who was named mvp for super bowl i

text: Super Bowl Most Valuable Player Award

text: Table key[edit]

text:
Table key

#
Denotes player who is still active in NFL

*
Elected to the Pro Football Hall of Fame[11]

+
Player was on losing team of the Super Bowl

Player (#)
Denotes the number of times the player has won the award.

Year
Each year is linked to an article about that particular NFL season

text: Winners[edit]

text:
Super Bowl Most Valuable Players

Year[a]
Super Bowl
Winner
Team
Position
Ref.

1967
01 !I
Starr, BartBart Starr *
Green Bay Packers
QB01 !Quarterback
[13]

1968
02 !II
Starr, BartBart Starr (2) *
Green Bay Packers
QB02 !Quarterback
[14]

1969
03 !III
Namath, JoeJoe Namath *
New York Jets
QB03 !Quarterback
[15]

1970
04 !IV
Dawson, LenLen Dawson *
Kansas City Chiefs
QB04 !Quarterback
[16]

1971
05 !V
Howley, ChuckChuck Howley +
Dallas Cowboys
LB1 !Linebacker
[9]

1972
06 !VI
Staubach, RogerRoger Staubach *
Dallas Cowboys
QB05 !Quarterback
[17]

1973
07 !VII
Scott, JakeJake Scott
Miami Dolphins
S1 !Safety
[18]

1974
08 !VIII
Csonka, LarryLarry Csonka *
Miami Dolphins
RB1 !Running back
[19]

1975
09 !IX
Harris, FrancoFranco Harris *
Pittsburgh Steelers
RB2 !Running back
[20]

1976
10 !X
Swann, LynnLynn Swann *
Pittsburgh Steelers
WR1 !Wide receiver
[21]

1977
11 !XI
Biletnikoff !Fred Biletnikoff *
Oakland Raiders
WR2 !Wide receiver
[22]

1978
12 !XII
Martin !Harvey Martin[b]
Dallas Cowboys
DE1 !Defensive end
[23]

White !Randy White[b] *
DT1 !Defensive tackle

1979
13 !XIII
Bradshaw 1 !Terry Bradshaw *
Pittsburgh Steelers
QB06 !Quarterback
[24]

1980
14 !XIV
Bradshaw 2 !Terry Bradshaw (2) *
Pittsburgh Steelers
QB07 !Quarterback
[25]

1981
15 !XV
Plunkett !Jim Plunkett
Oakland Raiders
QB08 !Quarterback
[26]

1982
16 !XVI
Montana 1 !Joe Montana *
San Francisco 49ers
QB09 !Quarterback
[27]

1983
17 !XVII
Riggins !John Riggins *
Washington Redskins
RB3 !Running back
[28]

1984
18 !XVIII
Allen !Marcus Allen *
Los Angeles Raiders
RB4 !Running back
[29]

1985
19 !XIX
Montana 2 !Joe Montana (2) *
San Francisco 49ers
QB10 !Quarterback
[30]

1986
20 !XX
Dent !Richard Dent *
Chicago Bears
DE2 !Defensive end
[31]

1987
21 !XXI
Simms !Phil Simms
New York Giants
QB11 !Quarterback
[32]

1988
22 !XXII
Williams !Doug Williams
Washington Redskins
QB12 !Quarterback
[33]

1989
23 !XXIII
Rice !Jerry Rice *
San Francisco 49ers
WR3 !Wide receiver
[34]

1990
24 !XXIV
Montana 3 !Joe Montana (3) *
San Francisco 49ers
QB13 !Quarterback
[35]

1991
25 !XXV
Anderson !Ottis Anderson
New York Giants
RB5 !Running back
[5]

1992
26 !XXVI
Rypien !Mark Rypien
Washington Redskins
QB14 !Quarterback
[36]

1993
27 !XXVII
Aikman !Troy Aikman *
Dallas Cowboys
QB15 !Quarterback
[37]

1994
28 !XXVIII
Smith !Emmitt Smith *
Dallas Cowboys
RB6 !Running back
[38]

1995
29 !XXIX
Young !Steve Young *
San Francisco 49ers
QB16 !Quarterback
[39]

1996
30 !XXX
Brown !Larry Brown
Dallas Cowboys
CB1 !Cornerback
[40]

1997
31 !XXXI
Howard !Desmond Howard
Green Bay Packers
KR1 !Kick returner/
punt returner
[41]

1998
32 !XXXII
Davis !Terrell Davis *
Denver Broncos
RB7 !Running back
[42]

1999
33 !XXXIII
Elway !John Elway *
Denver Broncos
QB17 !Quarterback
[43]

2000
34 !XXXIV
Warner !Kurt Warner *
St. Louis Rams
QB18 !Quarterback
[44]

2001
35 !XXXV
Lewis !Ray Lewis *
Baltimore Ravens
LB2 !Linebacker
[45]

2002
36 !XXXVI
Brady 1 !Tom Brady #
New England Patriots
QB19 !Quarterback
[46]

2003
37 !XXXVII
Jackson !Dexter Jackson
Tampa Bay Buccaneers
S2 !Safety
[47]

2004
38 !XXXVIII
Brady !Tom Brady (2) #
New England Patriots
QB20 !Quarterback
[48]

2005
39 !XXXIX
Branch, Deion !Deion Branch
New England Patriots
WR4 !Wide receiver
[49]

2006
40 !XL
Ward !Hines Ward
Pittsburgh Steelers
WR5 !Wide receiver
[50]

2007
41 !XLI
Manning, Peyton !Peyton Manning
Indianapolis Colts
QB21 !Quarterback
[51]

2008
42 !XLII
Manning, Eli !Eli Manning #
New York Giants
QB22 !Quarterback
[52]

2009
43 !XLIII
Holmes, Santonio !Santonio Holmes
Pittsburgh Steelers
WR6 !Wide receiver
[53]

2010
44 !XLIV
Brees, Drew !Drew Brees #
New Orleans Saints
QB23 !Quarterback
[54]

2011
45 !XLV
Rodgers, Aaron !Aaron Rodgers #
Green Bay Packers
QB24 !Quarterback
[55]

2012
46 !XLVI
Manning, Eli !Eli Manning (2) #
New York Giants
QB25 !Quarterback
[56]

2013
47 !XLVII
Flacco, Joe !Joe Flacco #
Baltimore Ravens
QB26 !Quarterback
[57]

2014
48 !XLVIII
Smith, Malcolm !Malcolm Smith #
Seattle Seahawks
LB3 !Linebacker
[58]

2015
49 !XLIX
Brady, Tom !Tom Brady (3) #
New England Patriots
QB27 !Quarterback
[59]

2016
50 !50
Miller, Von !Von Miller #
Denver Broncos
LB4 !Linebacker
[60]

2017
51 !LI
Brady, Tom !Tom Brady (4) #
New England Patriots
QB28 !Quarterback
[61]

2018
52 !LII
Foles, Nick !Nick Foles #
Philadelphia Eagles
QB29 !Quarterback
[7]

text: By team[edit]

text:
Super Bowl MVPs by team

Team
Total

Dallas Cowboys
7[c]

Pittsburgh Steelers
6

New England Patriots
5

San Francisco 49ers
5

Green Bay Packers
4

New York Giants
4

Denver Broncos
3

Oakland–Los Angeles Raiders
3

Washington Redskins
3

Baltimore Ravens
2

Miami Dolphins
2

Chicago Bears
1

Indianapolis Colts
1

Kansas City Chiefs
1

New Orleans Saints
1

New York Jets
1

Philadelphia Eagles
1

Seattle Seahawks
1

St. Louis Rams
1

Tampa Bay Buccaneers
1

text: By position[edit]

text:
Super Bowl MVPs by position

Position
Total

Quarterback
29

Running back
7

Wide receiver
6

Linebacker
4

Defensive end
2

Safety
2

Cornerback
1

Defensive tackle
1

Kick returner/punt returner
1

text: Multiple winners[edit]

text:
Player
Position
Wins
Super Bowls

Brady, TomTom Brady
Quarterback
4
36 !XXXVI, XXXVIII, XLIX, LI

Montana, JoeJoe Montana
Quarterback
3
16 !XVI, XIX, XXIV

Bradshaw, TerryTerry Bradshaw
Quarterback
2
13 !XIII, XIV

Manning, EliEli Manning
Quarterback
2
42 !XLII, XLVI

Starr, BartBart Starr
Quarterback
2
1 !I, II

text: Notes[edit]

text:
Jump up ^ Years listed are the year the Super Bowl was actually played. The game, played in January or February, ends the previous year's NFL season. For example, Super Bowl XLIX, held on February 1, 2015, ended the 2014 season.[12]
^ Jump up to: a b Harvey Martin and Randy White were named co-MVPs of Super Bowl XII, the only Super Bowl with co-MVPs.[23]
Jump up ^ The Cowboys' total includes the co-MVPs of Super Bowl XII as two different recipients. There were 6 Super Bowls where the Cowboys received MVP awards.


document_title: Dots per inch

question_text: how many dots per inch is high resolution

root

text: Dots per inch

text: DPI measurement in printing[edit]

text: DPI is used to describe the resolution number of dots per inch in a digital print and the printing resolution of a hard copy print dot gain, which is the increase in the size of the halftone dots during printing. This is caused by the spreading of ink on the surface of the media.

tag: p

text: Up to a point, printers with higher DPI produce clearer and more detailed output. A printer does not necessarily have a single DPI measurement; it is dependent on print mode, which is usually influenced by driver settings. The range of DPI supported by a printer is most dependent on the print head technology it uses. A dot matrix printer, for example, applies ink via tiny rods striking an ink ribbon, and has a relatively low resolution, typically in the range of 60 to 90 DPI (420 to 280 µm). An inkjet printer sprays ink through tiny nozzles, and is typically capable of 300–720 DPI.[2] A laser printer applies toner through a controlled electrostatic charge, and may be in the range of 600 to 2,400 DPI.

text: The DP measurement of a printer often needs to be considerably higher than the pixels per inch (PPI) measurement of a video display in order to produce similar-quality output. This is due to the limited range of colors for each dot typically available on a printer. At each dot position, the simplest type of color printer can either print no dot, or print a dot consisting of a fixed volume of ink in each of four color channels (typically CMYK with cyan, magenta, yellow and black ink) or 24 = 16 colors on laser, wax and most inkjet printers, of which only 14 or 15 (or as few as 8 or 9) may be actually discernible depending on the strength of the black component, the strategy used for overlaying and combining it with the other colors, and whether it is in "color" mode.

text: Higher-end inkjet printers can offer 5, 6 or 7 ink colors giving 32, 64 or 128 possible tones per dot location (and again, it can be that not all combinations will produce a unique result). Contrast this to a standard sRGB monitor where each pixel produces 256 intensities of light in each of three channels (RGB).

text: While some color printers can produce variable drop volumes at each dot position, and may use additional ink-color channels, the number of colors is still typically less than on a monitor. Most printers must therefore produce additional colors through a halftone or dithering process, and rely on their base resolution being high enough to "fool" the human observer's eye into perceiving a patch of a single smooth color.

text: The exception to this rule is dye-sublimation printers, which can apply a much more variable amount of dye—close to or exceeding the number of the 256 levels per channel available on a typical monitor—to each "pixel" on the page without dithering, but with other limitations:

text:
lower spatial resolution (typically 200 to 300 dpi), which can make text and lines look somewhat rough
lower output speed (a single page requiring three or four complete passes, one for each dye color, each of which may take more than fifteen seconds—generally quicker, however, than most inkjet printers' "photo" modes)
a wasteful (and, for confidential documents, insecure) dye-film roll cartridge system
occasional color registration errors (mainly along the long axis of the page), which necessitate recalibrating the printer to account for slippage and drift in the paper feed system.

tag: ul

text: These disadvantages mean that, despite their marked superiority in producing good photographic and non-linear diagrammatic output, dye-sublimation printers remain niche products, and devices using higher resolution, lower color depth, and dither patterns remain the norm.

text: This dithered printing process could require a region of four to six dots (measured across each side) in order to faithfully reproduce the color in a single pixel. An image that is 100 pixels wide may need to be 400 to 600 dots in width in the printed output; if a 100×100-pixel image is to be printed in a one-inch square, the printer must be capable of 400 to 600 dots per inch to reproduce the image. Fittingly, 600 dpi (sometimes 720) is now the typical output resolution of entry-level laser printers and some utility inkjet printers, with 1200/1440 and 2400/2880 being common "high" resolutions. This contrasts with the 300/360 (or 240) dpi of early models, and the approximate 200 dpi of dot-matrix printers and fax machines, which gave faxed and computer-printed documents—especially those that made heavy use of graphics or colored block text—a characteristic "digitized" appearance, because of their coarse, obvious dither patterns, inaccurate colors, loss of clarity in photographs, and jagged ("aliased") edges on some text and line art.

text: DPI or PPI in digital image files[edit]

text: This section does not cite any sources. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (January 2010) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

tag: table

text: In printing, DPI (dots per inch) refers to the output resolution of a printer or imagesetter, and PPI (pixels per inch) refers to the input resolution of a photograph or image. DPI refers to the physical dot density of an image when it is reproduced as a real physical entity, for example printed onto paper. A digitally stored image has no inherent physical dimensions, measured in inches or centimeters. Some digital file formats record a DPI value, or more commonly a PPI (pixels per inch) value, which is to be used when printing the image. This number lets the printer or software know the intended size of the image, or in the case of scanned images, the size of the original scanned object. For example, a bitmap image may measure 1,000 × 1,000 pixels, a resolution of 1 megapixel. If it is labeled as 250 PPI, that is an instruction to the printer to print it at a size of 4 × 4 inches. Changing the PPI to 100 in an image editing program would tell the printer to print it at a size of 10 × 10 inches. However, changing the PPI value would not change the size of the image in pixels which would still be 1,000 × 1,000. An image may also be resampled to change the number of pixels and therefore the size or resolution of the image, but this is quite different from simply setting a new PPI for the file.

text: For vector images, there is no equivalent of resampling an image when it is resized, and there is no PPI in the file because it is resolution independent (prints equally well at all sizes). However, there is still a target printing size. Some image formats, such as Photoshop format, can contain both bitmap and vector data in the same file. Adjusting the PPI in a Photoshop file will change the intended printing size of the bitmap portion of the data and also change the intended printing size of the vector data to match. This way the vector and bitmap data maintain a consistent size relationship when the target printing size is changed. Text stored as outline fonts in bitmap image formats is handled in the same way. Other formats, such as PDF, are primarily vector formats which can contain images, potentially at a mixture of resolutions. In these formats the target PPI of the bitmaps is adjusted to match when the target print size of the file is changed. This is the converse of how it works in a primarily bitmap format like Photoshop, but has exactly the same result of maintaining the relationship between the vector and bitmap portions of the data.

text: Computer monitor DPI standards[edit]

text: Since the 1980s, the Microsoft Windows operating system has set the default display "DPI" to 96 PPI, while Apple/Macintosh computers have used a default of 72 PPI.[3] These default specifications arose out of the problems rendering standard fonts in the early display systems of the 1980s, including the IBM-based CGA, EGA, VGA and 8514 displays as well as the Macintosh displays featured in the 128K computer and its successors. The choice of 72 PPI by Macintosh for their displays arose from the convenient fact that the official 72 points per inch mirrored the 72 pixels per inch that appeared on their display screens. (Points are a physical unit of measure in typography, dating from the days of printing presses, where 1 point by the modern definition is 1/72 of the international inch (25.4 mm), which therefore makes 1 point approximately 0.0139 in or 352.8 µm). Thus, the 72 pixels per inch seen on the display had exactly the same physical dimensions as the 72 points per inch later seen on a printout, with 1 pt in printed text equal to 1 px on the display screen. As it is, the Macintosh 128K featured a screen measuring 512 pixels in width by 342 pixels in height, and this corresponded to the width of standard office paper (512 px ÷ 72 px/in ≈ 7.1 in, with a 0.7 in margin down each side when assuming 8.5 in × 11 in North American paper size (in Europe, it's 21cm x 30cm - called "A4". B5 is 176 millimeters x 250 millimeters)).[citation needed]

text: A consequence of Apple's decision was that the widely used 10-point fonts from the typewriter era had to be allotted 10 display pixels in em height, and 5 display pixels in x-height. This is technically described as 10 pixels per em (PPEm). This made 10-point fonts be rendered crudely and made them difficult to read on the display screen, particularly the lowercase characters. Furthermore, there was the consideration that computer screens are typically viewed (at a desk) at a distance 30% greater than printed materials, causing a mismatch between the perceived sizes seen on the computer screen and those on the printouts.[citation needed]

text:
Microsoft tried to solve both problems with a hack that has had long-term consequences for the understanding of what DPI and PPI mean.[4] Microsoft began writing its software to treat the screen as though it provided a PPI characteristic that is

4
3

{\displaystyle {\tfrac {4}{3}}}

 of what the screen actually displayed. Because most screens at the time provided around 72 PPI, Microsoft essentially wrote its software to assume that every screen provides 96 PPI (because

72
∗
(
1
+

1
3

)
=
96

{\displaystyle 72*(1+{\tfrac {1}{3}})=96}

). The short-term gain of this trickery was twofold:

text:
It would seem to the software that

1
3

{\displaystyle {\tfrac {1}{3}}}

 more pixels were available for rendering an image, thereby allowing for bitmap fonts to be created with greater detail.
On every screen that actually provided 72 PPI, each graphical element (such as a character of text) would be rendered at a size

1
3

{\displaystyle {\tfrac {1}{3}}}

 larger than it "should" be, thereby allowing a person to sit a comfortable distance from the screen. However, larger graphical elements meant less screen space was available for programs to draw; indeed, although the default 720-pixel wide mode of a Hercules mono graphics adaptor (the one-time gold standard for high resolution PC graphics) – or a "tweaked" VGA adaptor – provided an apparent 7.5-inch page width at this resolution, the more common and color-capable display adaptors of the time all provided a 640-pixel wide image in their high resolution modes, enough for a bare 6.67 inches at 100% zoom (and barely any greater visible page height – a maximum of 5 inches, versus 4.75). Consequently, the default margins in Microsoft Word were set, and still remain at 1 full inch on all sides of the page, keeping the "text width" for standard size printer paper within visible limits; despite most computer monitors now being both larger and finer-pitched, and printer paper transports having become more sophisticated, the Mac-standard half-inch borders remain listed in Word 2010's page layout presets as the "narrow" option (versus the 1-inch default).[citation needed]
Without using supplemental, software-provided zoom levels, the 1:1 relationship between display and print size was (deliberately) lost; the availability of different-sized, user-adjustable monitors and display adaptors with varying output resolutions exacerbated this, as it was not possible to rely on a properly-adjusted "standard" monitor and adaptor having a known PPI. For example, a 12" Hercules monitor and adaptor with a thick bezel and a little underscan may offer 90 "physical" PPI, with the displayed image appearing nearly identical to hardcopy (assuming the H-scan density was properly adjusted to give square pixels) but a thin-bezel 14" VGA monitor adjusted to give a borderless display may be closer to 60, with the same bitmap image thus appearing 50% larger; yet, someone with an 8514 ("XGA") adaptor and the same monitor could achieve 100 DPI using its 1024-pixel wide mode and adjusting the image to be underscanned. A user who wanted to directly compare on-screen elements against those on an existing printed page by holding it up against the monitor would therefore first need to determine the correct zoom level to use, largely by trial and error, and often not be able to obtain an exact match in programs that only allowed integer percent settings, or even fixed pre-programmed zoom levels. For the examples above, they may need to use respectively 94% (precisely, 93.75) – or 95/90, 63% (62.5) – or 60/66.7; and 104% (104.167) – or 105, with the more commonly accessible 110% actually being a less precise match.[citation needed]

text: Thus, for example, a 10-point font on a Macintosh (at 72 PPI) was represented with 10 pixels (i.e., 10 PPEm), whereas a 10-point font on a Windows platform (at 96 PPI) at the same zoom level is represented with 13 pixels (i.e., Microsoft rounded 13.3333 to 13 pixels, or 13 PPEm) – and, on a typical consumer grade monitor, would have physically appeared around 15/72 to 16/72 of an inch high instead of 10/72. Likewise, a 12-point font was represented with 12 pixels on a Macintosh, and 16 pixels (or a physical display height of maybe 19/72 of an inch) on a Windows platform at the same zoom, and so on.[5] The negative consequence of this standard is that with 96 PPI displays, there is no longer a 1-to-1 relationship between the font size in pixels and the printout size in points. This difference is accentuated on more recent displays that feature higher pixel densities. This has been less of a problem with the advent of vector graphics and fonts being used in place of bitmap graphics and fonts. Moreover, many Windows software programs have been written since the 1980s which assume that the screen provides 96 PPI. Accordingly, these programs do not display properly at common alternative resolutions such as 72 PPI or 120 PPI. The solution has been to introduce two concepts:[4]

text:
logical PPI: The PPI that software claims a screen provides. This can be thought of as the PPI provided by a virtual screen created by the operating system.
physical PPI: The PPI that a physical screen actually provides.

text: Software programs render images to the virtual screen and then the operating system renders the virtual screen onto the physical screen. With a logical PPI of 96 PPI, older programs can still run properly regardless of the actual physical PPI of the display screen, although they may exhibit some visual distortion thanks to the effective 133.3% pixel zoom level (requiring either that every third pixel be doubled in width/height, or heavy-handed smoothing be employed).[citation needed]

text: How Microsoft Windows handles DPI scaling[edit]

text: Displays with high pixel densities were not common up to the Windows XP era. High DPI displays became mainstream around the time Windows 8 was released. Display scaling by entering a custom DPI irrespective of the display resolution is a feature of Microsoft Windows since Windows 95.[6] Windows XP introduced the GDI+ library which allows resolution-independent text scaling.[7]

text: Windows Vista introduced support for programs to declare themselves to the OS that they are high-DPI aware via a manifest file or using an API.[8][9] For programs that do not declare themselves as DPI-aware, Windows Vista supports a compatibility feature called DPI virtualization so system metrics and UI elements are presented to applications as if they are running at 96 DPI and the Desktop Window Manager then scales the resulting application window to match the DPI setting. Windows Vista retains the Windows XP style scaling option which when enabled turns off DPI virtualization for all applications globally. DPI virtualization is a compatibility option as application developers are all expected to update their apps to support high DPI without relying on DPI virtualization.

text: Windows Vista also introduces Windows Presentation Foundation. WPF .NET applications are vector-based, not pixel-based and are designed to be resolution-independent. Developers using the old GDI API and Windows Forms on .NET Framework runtime need to update their apps to be DPI aware and flag their applications as DPI-aware.

text: Windows 7 adds the ability to change the DPI by doing only a log off, not a full reboot and makes it a per-user setting. Additionally, Windows 7 reads the monitor DPI from the EDID and automatically sets the system DPI value to match the monitor's physical pixel density, unless the effective resolution is less than 1024 x 768.

text: In Windows 8, only the DPI scaling percentage is shown in the DPI changing dialog and the display of the raw DPI value has been removed.[10] In Windows 8.1, the global setting to disable DPI virtualization (only use XP-style scaling) is removed and a per-app setting added for the user to disable DPI virtualization from the Compatibility tab.[10] When the DPI scaling setting is set to be higher than 120 PPI (125%), DPI virtualization is enabled for all applications unless the application opts out of it by specifying a DPI aware flag (manifest) as "true" inside the EXE. Windows 8.1 retains a per-application option to disable DPI virtualization of an app.[10] Windows 8.1 also adds the ability for different displays to use independent DPI scaling factors, although it calculates this automatically for each display and turns on DPI virtualization for all monitors at any scaling level.

text: Windows 10 adds manual control over DPI scaling for individual monitors.

text: Proposed metrication[edit]

text: There are some ongoing efforts to abandon the DPI Image resolution unit in favor of a metric unit, giving the inter-dot spacing in dots per centimeter ( px/cm or dpcm), as used in CSS3 media queries[11] or micrometres (µm) between dots.[12] A resolution of 72 DPI, for example, equals a resolution of about 28 dpcm or an inter-dot spacing of about 350 µm. In BMP images 2835 pixels per meter correspond to 72 DPI (rounded from 2834.6472).[13]

text:
Conversion table

DPI
(dot/in)
dpcm
  (dot/cm)
Pitch
  (µm)

72
28
350

96
38
265

150
59
169

300
118
85

2540
1000
10

4000
1575
6


document_title: Honolulu

question_text: when was honolulu chosen as hawaii's capital

question_tokens: when was honolulu chosen as hawaii 's capital

text: Honolulu

text: History[edit]

text: Evidence of the first settlement of Honolulu by the original Polynesian migrants to the archipelago comes from oral histories and artifacts. These indicate that there was a settlement where Honolulu now stands in the 11th century.[18] However, after Kamehameha I conquered Oʻahu in the Battle of Nuʻuanu at Nuʻuanu Pali, he moved his royal court from the Island of Hawaiʻi to Waikīkī in 1804. His court relocated in 1809 to what is now downtown Honolulu. The capital was moved back to Kailua-Kona in 1812.

text: In 1794, Captain William Brown of Great Britain was the first foreigner to sail into what is now Honolulu Harbor.[19] More foreign ships followed, making the port of Honolulu a focal point for merchant ships traveling between North America and Asia.

text: In 1845, Kamehameha III moved the permanent capital of the Hawaiian Kingdom from Lahaina on Maui to Honolulu. He and the kings that followed him transformed Honolulu into a modern capital,[20] erecting buildings such as St. Andrew's Cathedral, ʻIolani Palace, and Aliʻiōlani Hale. At the same time, Honolulu became the center of commerce in the islands, with descendants of American missionaries establishing major businesses in downtown Honolulu.[21]

text: Despite the turbulent history of the late 19th century and early 20th century, such as the overthrow of the Hawaiian monarchy in 1893, Hawaiʻi's subsequent annexation by the United States in 1898, followed by a large fire in 1900, and the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941, Honolulu remained the capital, largest city, and main airport and seaport of the Hawaiian Islands.[22]

text: An economic and tourism boom following statehood brought rapid economic growth to Honolulu and Hawaiʻi. Modern air travel brings, as of 2007[update], 7.6 million visitors annually to the islands, with 62.3% entering at Honolulu International Airport.[23] Today, Honolulu is a modern city with numerous high-rise buildings, and Waikīkī is the center of the tourism industry in Hawaiʻi, with thousands of hotel rooms. The UK consulting firm Mercer, in a 2009 assessment "conducted to help governments and major companies place employees on international assignments", ranked Honolulu 29th worldwide in quality of living; the survey factored in political stability, personal freedom, sanitation, crime, housing, the natural environment, recreation, banking facilities, availability of consumer goods, education, and public services including transportation.[24]

text: Geography[edit]

text: According to the United States Census Bureau, the Urban Honolulu Census-designated place (CDP) has a total area of 68.4 square miles (177.2 km2). 60.5 square miles (156.7 km2) of it (88.44%) is land, and 7.9 square miles (20.5 km2) of it (11.56%) is water.[25]

text: Honolulu is the most remote major city in the world.[8] The closest location on the mainland to Honolulu is the Point Arena Lighthouse in California, at 2,045 nautical miles (3,787 km).[26] (Nautical vessels require some additional distance to circumnavigate Makapuʻu Point.) However, islands off the Mexican coast, and part of the Aleutian Islands of Alaska are slightly closer to Honolulu than the mainland.

text: Neighborhoods, boroughs, and districts[edit]

text:
Downtown Honolulu is the financial, commercial, and governmental center of Hawaiʻi. On the waterfront is Aloha Tower, which for many years was the tallest building in Hawaiʻi. Currently the tallest building is the 438-foot (134 m) tall First Hawaiian Center, located on King and Bishop Streets. The downtown campus of Hawaiʻi Pacific University is also located there.
The Arts District Honolulu in downtown/Chinatown is on the eastern edge of Chinatown. It is a 12-block area bounded by Bethel & Smith Streets and Nimitz Highway and Beretania Street – home to numerous arts and cultural institutions. It is located within the Chinatown Historic District, which includes the former Hotel Street Vice District.[27]
The Capitol District is the eastern part of Downtown Honolulu. It is the current and historic center of Hawaiʻi's state government, incorporating the Hawaiʻi State Capitol, ʻIolani Palace, Honolulu Hale (City Hall), State Library, and the statue of King Kamehameha I, along with numerous government buildings.
Kakaʻako is a light-industrial district between Downtown and Waikīkī that has seen a large-scale redevelopment effort in the past decade. It is home to two major shopping areas, Ward Warehouse and Ward Centre. The Howard Hughes Corporation plans to transform Ward Centers into Ward Village over the next decade. The John A. Burns School of Medicine, part of the University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa, is also located there. A Memorial to the Ehime Maru Incident victims is built at the Kakaʻako Waterfront Park.
Ala Moana is a district between Kakaʻako and Waikīkī and the home of Ala Moana Center, the "World's largest open air shopping center" and the largest shopping mall in Hawaiʻi.[28] Ala Moana Center boasts over 300 tenants and is a very popular location among tourists. Also in Ala Moana is the Honolulu Design Center and Ala Moana Beach Park, the second largest park in Honolulu.
Waikīkī is the tourist district of Honolulu, located between the Ala Wai Canal and the Pacific Ocean next to Diamond Head. Numerous hotels, shops, and nightlife opportunities are located along Kalākaua and Kuhio Avenues. It is a popular location for visitors and locals alike and attracts millions of visitors every year. A majority of the hotel rooms on Oʻahu are located in Waikīkī.
Mānoa and Makiki are residential neighborhoods located in adjacent valleys just inland of downtown and Waikīkī. Mānoa Valley is home to the main campus of the University of Hawaiʻi.
Nuʻuanu and Pauoa are upper-middle-class residential districts located inland of downtown Honolulu. The National Memorial Cemetery of the Pacific is located in Punchbowl Crater fronting Pauoa Valley.
Palolo and Kaimuki are neighborhoods east of Mānoa and Makiki, inland from Diamond Head. Palolo Valley parallels Mānoa and is a residential neighborhood. Kaimuki is primarily a residential neighborhood with a commercial strip centered on Waialae Avenue running behind Diamond Head. Chaminade University is located in Kaimuki.
Waialae and Kahala are upper-class districts of Honolulu located directly east of Diamond Head, where there are many high-priced homes. Also found in these neighborhoods are the Waialae Country Club and the five-star Kahala Hotel & Resort.
East Honolulu includes the residential communities of ʻĀina Haina, Niu Valley, and Hawaiʻi Kai. These are considered upper-middle-class neighborhoods. The upscale gated communities of Waiʻalae ʻiki and Hawaiʻi Loa Ridge are also located here.
Kalihi and Palama are working-class neighborhoods with a number of government housing developments. Lower Kalihi, toward the ocean, is a light-industrial district.
Salt Lake and Aliamanu are (mostly) residential areas built in extinct tuff cones along the western end of the Honolulu District, not far from the Honolulu International Airport.
Moanalua is two neighborhoods and a valley at the western end of Honolulu, and home to Tripler Army Medical Center.

text: Climate[edit]

text: Honolulu experiences a tropical hot semi-arid climate (Köppen classification BSh), with a mostly dry summer season, due to a rain shadow effect.[29] Temperatures vary little throughout the months, with average high temperatures of 80–90 °F (27–32 °C) and average lows of 65–75 °F (18–24 °C) throughout the year. Temperatures reach or exceed 90 °F (32 °C) on an average 38 days annually,[30] with lows in the upper 50s °F (14–15 °C) occurring once or twice a year. The highest recorded temperature was 95 °F (35 °C) during a heat wave in September 1994. The highest recorded temperature in the state was also recorded later that day in Niʻihau. The lowest recorded temperature was 52 °F (11 °C) on February 16, 1902, and January 20, 1969. With high temperatures and humidity there is a vast tropical influence on the climate, although rainfall falls short of that classification.

text: Annual average rainfall is 17.05 in (433 mm), which mainly occurs during the winter months of October through early April, with very little rainfall during the summer; similar to California's mediterranean climates. However, both seasons experience a similar number of rainy days. Light showers occur in summer while heavier rain falls during winter. Honolulu has an average of 278 sunny days and 90 rainy days per year.

text: Although the city is situated in the tropics, hurricanes are quite rare. The last recorded hurricane that hit the area was Category 4 Hurricane Iniki in 1992. Tornadoes are also uncommon and usually strike once every 15 years. Waterspouts off the coast are also uncommon, hitting about once every five years.[31]

text: Honolulu falls under the USDA 12a Plant Hardiness zone.[32]

text: The average temperature of the sea ranges from 24.3 °C (75.7 °F) in March to 26.9 °C (80.4 °F) in September.[33]

text:
hideClimate data for Honolulu International Airport (1981−2010 normals,[b] extremes 1877−present[c])

Month
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Year

Record high °F (°C)
88
(31)
88
(31)
89
(32)
91
(33)
93
(34)
92
(33)
94
(34)
93
(34)
95
(35)
94
(34)
93
(34)
89
(32)
95
(35)

Mean maximum °F (°C)
84.3
(29.1)
84.4
(29.1)
85.4
(29.7)
86.6
(30.3)
88.7
(31.5)
89.5
(31.9)
90.7
(32.6)
91.3
(32.9)
91.7
(33.2)
90.5
(32.5)
87.6
(30.9)
85.2
(29.6)
92.1
(33.4)

Average high °F (°C)
80.1
(26.7)
80.2
(26.8)
81.2
(27.3)
82.7
(28.2)
84.6
(29.2)
87.0
(30.6)
87.9
(31.1)
88.7
(31.5)
88.6
(31.4)
86.7
(30.4)
83.9
(28.8)
81.2
(27.3)
84.4
(29.1)

Daily mean °F (°C)
73.2
(22.9)
73.1
(22.8)
74.5
(23.6)
76.1
(24.5)
77.8
(25.4)
80.2
(26.8)
81.2
(27.3)
81.9
(27.7)
81.5
(27.5)
80.0
(26.7)
77.6
(25.3)
74.8
(23.8)
77.7
(25.4)

Average low °F (°C)
66.3
(19.1)
66.1
(18.9)
67.7
(19.8)
69.4
(20.8)
70.9
(21.6)
73.4
(23)
74.5
(23.6)
75.1
(23.9)
74.4
(23.6)
73.4
(23)
71.4
(21.9)
68.3
(20.2)
70.9
(21.6)

Mean minimum °F (°C)
59.3
(15.2)
58.6
(14.8)
61.2
(16.2)
64.2
(17.9)
65.3
(18.5)
69.6
(20.9)
70.8
(21.6)
70.8
(21.6)
70.1
(21.2)
68.1
(20.1)
65.4
(18.6)
61.1
(16.2)
57.0
(13.9)

Record low °F (°C)
52
(11)
52
(11)
53
(12)
56
(13)
60
(16)
63
(17)
63
(17)
63
(17)
65
(18)
61
(16)
57
(14)
54
(12)
52
(11)

Average rainfall inches (mm)
2.31
(58.7)
1.99
(50.5)
2.02
(51.3)
0.63
(16)
0.62
(15.7)
0.26
(6.6)
0.51
(13)
0.56
(14.2)
0.70
(17.8)
1.84
(46.7)
2.42
(61.5)
3.24
(82.3)
17.10
(434.3)

Average rainy days (≥ 0.01 inch)
8.5
7.4
8.8
7.5
5.8
5.7
7.1
5.6
6.9
7.6
8.8
9.7
89.4

Average relative humidity (%)
73.3
70.8
68.8
67.3
66.1
64.4
64.6
64.1
65.5
67.5
70.4
72.4
67.9

Mean monthly sunshine hours
213.5
212.7
259.2
251.8
280.6
286.1
306.2
303.1
278.8
244.0
200.4
199.5
3,035.9

Percent possible sunshine
63
66
69
66
69
71
74
76
76
68
60
59
68

Source: NOAA (relative humidity and sun 1961–1990)[34][35][36]

text:
Climate data for Honolulu

Month
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Year

Average sea temperature °F (°C)
76.5
(24.7)
75.9
(24.4)
75.7
(24.3)
76.9
(25.0)
77.9
(25.5)
78.7
(25.9)
78.9
(26.0)
79.5
(26.4)
80.4
(26.9)
79.8
(26.5)
78.5
(25.9)
77.0
(25.0)
78.0
(25.5)

Mean daily daylight hours
11.0
11.0
12.0
13.0
13.0
13.0
13.0
13.0
12.0
12.0
11.0
11.0
12.1

Average Ultraviolet index
7
9
11
11
11
11+
11+
11+
11
9
7
6
9.6

Source #1: seatemperature.org [37]

Source #2: Weather Atlas [38]

text: Demographics[edit]

text:
Historical population

Census
Pop.

%±

1890
22,907

—

1900
39,306

71.6%

1910
52,183

32.8%

1920
83,327

59.7%

1930
137,582

65.1%

1940
179,326

30.3%

1950
248,034

38.3%

1960
294,194

18.6%

1970
324,871

10.4%

1980
365,048

12.4%

1990
365,272

0.1%

2000
371,657

1.7%

2010
390,738

5.1%

Population 1890–2010.[10][39]

text: The population of Honolulu was 390,738 according to the 2010 U.S. Census. Of those, 192,781 (49.3%) were male and 197,957 (50.7%) were female. The median age for males was 40.0 and 43.0 for females; the overall median age was 41.3. Approximately 84.7% of the total population was 16 years and over; 82.6% were 18 years and over, 78.8% were 21 years and over, 21.4% were 62 years and over, and 17.8% were 65 years and over.[10]

text: In terms of race and ethnicity, 54.8% were Asian, 17.9% were White, 1.5% were Black or African American, 0.2% were American Indian or Alaska Native, 8.4% were Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander, 0.8% were from "some other race", and 16.3% were from two or more races. Hispanics and Latinos of any race made up 5.4% of the population.[10] In 1970, the Census Bureau reported Honolulu's population as 33.9% white and 53.7% Asian and Pacific Islander.[40]

text: Asian Americans represent the majority of Honolulu's population. The Asian ethnic groups are Japanese (19.9%), Filipinos (13.2%), Chinese (10.4%), Koreans (4.3%), Vietnamese (2.0%), Asian Indians (0.3%), Laotians (0.3%), Thais (0.2%), Cambodians (0.1%), and Indonesians (0.1%). People solely of Native Hawaiian ancestry made up 3.2% of the population. Samoan Americans made up 1.5% of the population, Marshallese people make up 0.5% of the city's population, and Tongan people comprise 0.3% of its population. People of Guamanian or Chamorro descent made up 0.2% of the population and numbered 841 residents.[10]

text: Honolulu's urban area was the fourth densest[8] in the United States according to the 2010 U.S. Census.

text: Economy[edit]

text: The largest city and airport in the Hawaiian Islands, Honolulu acts as a natural gateway to the islands' large tourism industry, which brings millions of visitors and contributes $10 billion annually to the local economy. Honolulu's location in the Pacific also makes it a large business and trading hub, particularly between the East and the West. Other important aspects of the city's economy include military defense, research and development, and manufacturing.[41]

text: Among the companies based in Honolulu are:

text:
Alexander & Baldwin
Bank of Hawaii
Central Pacific Bank
First Hawaiian Bank
Hawaii Medical Service Association
Hawaii Pacific Health
Hawaiian Electric Industries
Matson Navigation Company
The Queen's Health Systems

text: Hawaiian Airlines,[42] Island Air,[43] and Aloha Air Cargo are headquartered in the city.[44][45] Prior to its dissolution, Aloha Airlines was headquartered in the city.[46] At one time Mid-Pacific Airlines had its headquarters on the property of Honolulu International Airport.[47]

text: In 2009, Honolulu had a 4.5% increase in the average price of rent, maintaining it in the second most expensive rental market ranking among 210 U.S. metropolitan areas.[48]

text: Since no national bank chains have any branches in Hawaiʻi, many visitors and new residents use different banks. First Hawaiian Bank is the largest and oldest bank in Hawaiʻi and their headquarters are at the First Hawaiian Center, the tallest building in the State of Hawaiʻi.

text: Cultural institutions[edit]

text: Natural museums[edit]

text: The Bishop Museum is the largest of Honolulu's museums. It is endowed with the state's largest collection of natural history specimens and the world's largest collection of Hawaiiana and Pacific culture artifacts.[49] The Honolulu Zoo is the main zoological institution in Hawai'i while the Waikīkī Aquarium is a working marine biology laboratory. The Waikīkī Aquarium is partnered with the University of Hawai'i and other universities worldwide. Established for appreciation and botany, Honolulu is home to several gardens: Foster Botanical Garden, Liliʻuokalani Botanical Garden, Walker Estate, among others.

text: Performing arts[edit]

text: Established in 1900, the Honolulu Symphony is the second oldest US symphony orchestra west of the Rocky Mountains. Other classical music ensembles include the Hawaiʻi Opera Theatre. Honolulu is also a center for Hawaiian music. The main music venues include the Hawaiʻi Theatre, the Neal Blaisdell Center Concert Hall and Arena, and the Waikīkī Shell.

text: Honolulu also includes several venues for live theater, including the Diamond Head Theatre.

text: Visual arts[edit]

text: Various institutions for the visual arts are located in Honolulu.

text: The Honolulu Museum of Art is endowed with the largest collection of Asian and Western art in Hawaiʻi. It also has the largest collection of Islamic art, housed at the Shangri La estate. Since the merger of the Honolulu Academy of Arts and The Contemporary Museum, Honolulu (now called the Honolulu Museum of Art Spalding House) in 2011, the museum is also the only contemporary art museum in the state. The contemporary collections are housed at main campus (Spalding House) in Makiki and a multi-level gallery in downtown Honolulu at the First Hawaiian Center. The museum hosts a film and video program dedicated to arthouse and world cinema in the museum's Doris Duke Theatre, named for the museum's historic patroness Doris Duke.[50]

text: The Hawaiʻi State Art Museum (also downtown) boasts pieces by local artists as well as traditional Hawaiian art. The museum is administered by the Hawaiʻi State Foundation on Culture and the Arts.

text: Honolulu also annually holds the Hawaiʻi International Film Festival (HIFF). It showcases some of the best films from producers all across the Pacific Rim and is the largest "East meets West" style film festival of its sort in the United States.

text: Tourist attractions[edit]

text:
Ala Moana Center
Aloha Tower
Bishop Museum
Diamond Head
Hanauma Bay
Honolulu Museum of Art
Honolulu Zoo
ʻIolani Palace
Lyon Arboretum
National Memorial Cemetery of the Pacific
USS Arizona Memorial
Waikīkī Aquarium
Waikiki Beach
Waikīkī Trolley
International Market Place
Kapiʻolani Park

text: Sports[edit]

text: Honolulu's tropical climate lends itself to year-round activities. In 2004, Men's Fitness magazine named Honolulu the fittest city in the United States.[51] Honolulu has three large road races:

text:
The Great Aloha Run is held annually on Presidents' Day.
The Honolulu Marathon, held annually on the second Sunday in December, draws more than 20,000 participants each year, about half to two thirds of them from Japan.
The Honolulu Triathlon is an Olympic distance triathlon event governed by USA Triathlon. Held annually in May since 2004, there is an absence of a sprint course.

text: Ironman Hawaiʻi was first held in Honolulu. It was the first ever Ironman triathlon event and is also the world championship.

text: Fans of spectator sports in Honolulu generally support the football, volleyball, basketball, rugby union, rugby league and baseball programs of the University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa.[52] High school sporting events, especially football, are especially popular.

text: Honolulu has no professional sports teams. It was the home of the Hawaiʻi Islanders (Pacific Coast League, 1961–87), The Hawaiians (World Football League, 1974–75), Team Hawaiʻi (North American Soccer League, 1977), and the Hawaiian Islanders (af2, 2002–04).

text: The NCAA football Hawaiʻi Bowl is played in Honolulu. Honolulu has also hosted the NFL's annual Pro Bowl each February from 1980 to 2009. After the 2010 and 2015 games were played in Miami Gardens and Glendale, respectively, the Pro Bowl was once again in Honolulu from 2011 to 2014 with 2016 the most recent.[53][54] From 1993 to 2008, Honolulu hosted Hawaiʻi Winter Baseball, featuring minor league players from Major League Baseball, Nippon Professional Baseball, Korea Baseball Organization, and independent leagues.

text: Venues[edit]

text: Venues for spectator sports in Honolulu include:

text:
Les Murakami Stadium at UH-Mānoa (baseball)
Neal S. Blaisdell Center Arena (basketball)
Stan Sheriff Center at UH-Mānoa (basketball and volleyball)

text: Aloha Stadium, a venue for American football and soccer, is located in Halawa near Pearl Harbor, just outside Honolulu.[55]

text: Government[edit]

text: Kirk Caldwell was elected mayor of Honolulu County on November 6, 2012, and began serving as the county's 14th mayor on January 2, 2013. The municipal offices of the City and County of Honolulu, including Honolulu Hale, the seat of the city and county, are located in the Capitol District, as are the Hawaiʻi state government buildings.[56]

text: The Capitol District is within the Honolulu census county division (CCD), the urban area commonly regarded as the "City" of Honolulu. The Honolulu CCD is located on the southeast coast of Oʻahu between Makapuu and Halawa. The division boundary follows the Koʻolau crestline, so Makapuʻu Beach is in the Ko'olaupoko District. On the west, the division boundary follows Halawa Stream, then crosses Red Hill and runs just west of Aliamanu Crater, so that Aloha Stadium, Pearl Harbor (with the USS Arizona Memorial), and Hickam Air Force Base are actually all located in the island's Ewa CCD.[57]

text: The Hawaiʻi Department of Public Safety operates the Oʻahu Community Correctional Center, the jail for the island of Oʻahu, in Honolulu CCD.[58]

text: The United States Postal Service operates post offices in Honolulu. The main Honolulu Post Office is located by the international airport at 3600 Aolele Street.[59] Federal Detention Center, Honolulu, operated by the Federal Bureau of Prisons, is in the CDP.[60]

text: Foreign missions on the island[edit]

text: Several countries have consular facilities in Honolulu, due to its strategically important position in the mid-Pacific. They include consulates of Japan,[61] South Korea,[62] Philippines,[63] Federated States of Micronesia,[64] Australia,[65] and the Marshall Islands.[66]

text: Education and Research[edit]

text: Colleges and universities[edit]

text: Colleges and universities in Honolulu include Honolulu Community College, Kapiʻolani Community College, the University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa, Chaminade University, and Hawaiʻi Pacific University.[45] UH Mānoa houses the main offices of the University of Hawaiʻi System.[67]

text: Research institutions[edit]

text: Honolulu is home to three renowned international affairs research institutions. The Pacific Forum, one of the world’s leading Asia-Pacific policy research institutes and one of the first organizations in the United States to focus exclusively on Asia has its main office on Bishop Street in downtown Honolulu. The East–West Center (EWC), an education and research organization established by the U.S. Congress in 1960 to strengthen relations and understanding among the peoples and nations of Asia, the Pacific, and the United States, is headquartered in Mānoa, Honolulu. The Asia-Pacific Center for Security Studies (APCSS), a U.S. Department of Defense institute is based in Waikīkī, Honolulu. APCSS addresses regional and global security issues and supports the U.S. Pacific Command by developing and sustaining relationships among security practitioners and national security establishments throughout the region.

text: Public primary and secondary schools[edit]

text: Hawaiʻi Department of Education operates public schools in Honolulu. Public high schools within the CDP area include Wallace Rider Farrington, Kaiser, Kaimuki, Kalani, Moanalua, William McKinley, and Theodore Roosevelt.[45]

text: Private primary and secondary schools[edit]

text: Private schools include Academy of the Pacific, Damien Memorial School, Hawaiʻi Baptist Academy, ʻIolani School, Lutheran High School of Hawaiʻi, Kamehameha Schools, Maryknoll School, Mid-Pacific Institute, La Pietra, Punahou School, Sacred Hearts Academy, St. Andrew's Priory School, Saint Francis School, Saint Louis School, the Education Laboratory School, Saint Patrick School, Trinity Christian School, and Varsity International School.

text: Public libraries[edit]

text: Hawaiʻi State Public Library System operates public libraries. The Hawaiʻi State Library in the CDP serves as the main library of the system,[68] while the Library for the Blind and Physically Handicapped, also in the CDP area, serves handicapped and blind people.[69]

text: Branches in the CDP area include Aiea, Aina Haina, Ewa Beach, Hawaiʻi Kai, Kahuku, Kailua, Kaimuki, Kalihi-Palama, Kaneohe, Kapolei, Liliha, Mānoa, McCully-Moiliili, Mililani, Moanalua, Wahiawa, Waialua, Waianae, Waikīkī-Kapahulu, Waimanalo, and Waipahu.[70]

text: Weekend educational programs[edit]

text: The Hawaiʻi Japanese School – Rainbow Gakuen (ハワイレインボー学園 Hawai Rainbō Gakuen), a supplementary weekend Japanese school, holds its classes in Kaimuki Middle School in Honolulu and has its offices in another building in Honolulu.[71] The school serves overseas Japanese nationals.[72] In addition Honolulu has other weekend programs for the Japanese, Chinese, and Spanish languages.[73]

text: Media[edit]

text: Honolulu is served by one daily newspaper (the Honolulu Star-Advertiser), Honolulu Magazine, several radio stations and television stations, among other media. Local news agency and CNN-affiliate Hawaiʻi News Now broadcasts and is headquartered out of Honolulu.

text: Honolulu and the island of Oʻahu has also been the location for many film and television projects, including Hawaiʻi Five-0 and Lost.

text: Transportation[edit]

text: Air[edit]

text: Located at the western end of the CDP, Daniel K. Inouye International Airport (HNL) is the principal aviation gateway to the state of Hawaiʻi. Kalaeloa Airport is primarily a commuter facility used by unscheduled air taxis, general aviation and transient and locally based military aircraft.

text: Highways[edit]

text: Honolulu has been ranked as having the nation's worst traffic congestion, beating former record holder Los Angeles. Drivers waste on average over 58 hours per year on congested roadways.[74] The following freeways, part of the Interstate Highway System serve Honolulu:

text:
Interstate H-1, which, coming into the city from the west, passes Hickam Air Force Base and Honolulu International Airport, runs just north of Downtown and continues eastward through Makiki and Kaimuki, ending at Waialae/Kahala. H-1 connects to Interstate H-2 from Wahiawa and Interstate H-3 from Kaneohe, west of the CDP.
 Interstate H-201—also known as the Moanalua Freeway and sometimes numbered as its former number, Hawaiʻi State Rte. 78—connects two points along H-1: at Aloha Stadium and Fort Shafter. Close to H-1 and Aloha Stadium, H-201 has an exchange with the western terminus of Interstate H-3 to the windward side of Oahu (Kaneohe). This complex of connecting ramps, some directly between H-1 and H-3, is in Halawa.

text: Other major highways that link Honolulu CCD with other parts of the Island of Oahu are:

text:
Pali Highway, State Rte. 61, crosses north over the Koolau range via the Pali Tunnels to connect to Kailua and Kaneohe on the windward side of the Island.
Likelike Highway, State Rte. 63, also crosses the Koolau to Kaneohe via the Wilson Tunnels.
Kalanianaole Highway, State Rte. 72, runs eastward from Waialae/Kahala to Hawaiʻi Kai and around the east end of the island to Waimanalo Beach.
Kamehameha Highway, State Rts. 80, 83, 99 and 830, runs westward from near Hickam Air Force Base to Aiea and beyond, eventually running through the center of the island and ending in Kaneohe.

text: Like most major American cities, the Honolulu metropolitan area experiences heavy traffic congestion during rush hours, especially to and from the western suburbs of Kapolei, ʻEwa Beach, Aiea, Pearl City, Waipahu, and Mililani.

text: There is a Hawaiʻi Electric Vehicle Demonstration Project (HEVDP).[75]

text: Public transport[edit]

text: Honolulu Authority for Rapid Transportation[edit]

text: In November 2010, voters approved a charter amendment to create a public transit authority to oversee the planning, construction, operation and future extensions to Honolulu's future rail system. The Honolulu Authority for Rapid Transportation (HART) currently includes a 10-member board of directors; three members appointed by the mayor, three members selected by the Honolulu City Council, and the city and state transportation directors.[76] The opening of the Honolulu Rail Transit is delayed until approximately 2018, as HART canceled the initial bids for the first nine stations and intends to rebid the work as three packages of three stations each, and allow more time for construction in the hope that increased competition on smaller contracts will drive down costs;[77] initial bids ranged from $294.5 million to $320.8 million, far surpassing HART's budget of $184 million.[78]

text: Bus[edit]

text: Established by former Mayor Frank F. Fasi as the replacement for the Honolulu Rapid Transit Company (HRT), Honolulu's TheBus system was honored in 1994–1995 and 2000–2001 by the American Public Transportation Association as "America's Best Transit System". TheBus operates 107 routes serving Honolulu and most major cities and towns on Oʻahu. TheBus comprises a fleet of 531 buses, and is run by the non-profit corporation Oʻahu Transit Services in conjunction with the city Department of Transportation Services. Honolulu is ranked 4th for highest per-capita use of mass transit in the United States.[79]

text: Rail[edit]

text: Currently, there is no urban rail transit system in Honolulu, although electric street railways were operated in Honolulu by the now-defunct Honolulu Rapid Transit Company prior to World War II. Predecessors to the Honolulu Rapid Transit Company were the Honolulu Rapid Transit and Land Company (began 1903) and Hawaiian Tramways (began 1888).[80]

text: The City and County of Honolulu is currently constructing a 20-mile (32 km) rail transit line that will connect Honolulu with cities and suburban areas near Pearl Harbor and in the Leeward and West Oahu regions. The Honolulu High-Capacity Transit Corridor Project is aimed at alleviating traffic congestion for West Oʻahu commuters while being integral in the westward expansion of the metropolitan area. The project, however, has been criticized by opponents of rail for its cost, delays, and potential environmental impacts, but the line is expected to have large ridership.

text: Bicycle sharing[edit]

text: Since June 28, 2017, PBSC operates Biki which is bicycle sharing program on Oʻahu. Most Biki stations are located between Chinatown/Downtown and Diamondhead, however, some Biki stations are in Kailua.[81][82][83][84] The GoBiki.org website has a Biki stations map.

text: Modal characteristics[edit]

text: According to the 2016 American Community Survey (five-year average), 56 percent of Urban Honolulu residents commuted to work by driving alone, 13.8 percent carpooled, 11.7 used public transportation, and 8.7 percent walked. About 5.7 commuted by bike, taxi, motorcycle or other forms of transportation, while 4.1 percent worked at home.[85]

text: The city of Honolulu has a high percentage of households without a car. In 2015, 16.6 percent of Honolulu households lacked a car, which increased slightly to 17.2 percent in 2016. The national average was 8.7 percent in 2016. Honolulu averaged 1.4 cars per household in 2016, compared to a national average of 1.8.[86]

text: Notable people[edit]

text: Sister cities[edit]

text: Honolulu currently has 29 sister cities:[87]

text: National

text: San Juan, Puerto Rico, 1985

text: International

text:
Baguio, Philippines, 1995
 Baku, Azerbaijan, 1998
 Bombay (today: Mumbai), India, 1970
 Bruyères, France, 1960
 Candon, Philippines, 2015 [88]
 Caracas, Venezuela, 1990
 Cebu City, Philippines, 1990
 Chigasaki, Japan, 2014
 Funchal, Portugal, 1979
 Hainan, People's Republic of China, 1985
 Hiroshima, Japan, 1959
 Huế, Vietnam, 1995
 Incheon, South Korea, 2003
 Kaohsiung, Taiwan (Republic of China), 1962
 Kyzyl, Russia
 Laoag, Philippines, 1969
 Majuro, Marshall Islands, 2009
 Manila, Philippines, 1980
 Mombasa, Kenya, 2000
 Naha, Japan, 1960
 Rabat, Morocco, 2007
 Seoul, South Korea, 1973[89][90]
 Sintra, Portugal, 1998
 Tokyo, Japan, 1960
 Qinhuangdao, People's Republic of China, 2010
 Uwajima, Japan, 2004
 Vigan, Philippines, 2003
 Zhongshan, People's Republic of China, 1997