document_title: Time management

question_text: what are the quadrants of the eisenhower matrix for time management

text: Time management

text: Creating an effective environment[edit]

text: Some[which?] time-management literature stresses tasks related to the creation of an environment conducive to "real" effectiveness. These strategies include principles such as:

text:
"get organized" - the triage of paperwork and of tasks
"protecting one's time" by insulation, isolation and delegation
"achievement through goal-management and through goal-focus" - motivational emphasis
"recovering from bad time-habits" - recovery from underlying psychological problems, e.g. procrastination

tag: ul

text: Writers[who?] on creating an environment for effectiveness refer to such matters as having a tidy office or home for unleashing creativity, and the need to protect "prime time". Literature[which?] also focuses on overcoming chronic psychological issues such as procrastination.

text: Excessive and chronic inability to manage time effectively may result from Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or attention deficit disorder (ADD).[3][citation needed] Diagnostic criteria include a sense of underachievement, difficulty getting organized, trouble getting started, trouble managing many simultaneous projects, and trouble with follow-through.[4][page needed] Some authors[which?] focus on the prefrontal cortex which is the most recently evolved part of the brain. It controls the functions of attention span, impulse control, organization, learning from experience and self-monitoring, among others. Some authors[quantify] argue that changing the way the prefrontal cortex works is possible and offer a solution.[5]

text: Setting priorities and goals[edit]

text: Time management strategies are often associated with the recommendation to set personal goals. The literature stresses themes such as:

text:
"Work in Priority Order" - set goals and prioritize
"Set gravitational goals" - that attract actions automatically

text: These goals are recorded and may be broken down into a project, an action plan, or a simple task list. For individual tasks or for goals, an importance rating may be established, deadlines may be set, and priorities assigned. This process results in a plan with a task list or a schedule or calendar of activities. Authors may recommend a daily, weekly, monthly or other planning periods associated with different scope of planning or review. This is done in various ways, as follows.

text: ABCD analysis[edit]

text: A technique that has been used in business management for a long time is the categorization of large data into groups. These groups are often marked A, B, and C—hence the name. Activities are ranked by these general criteria:

text:
A – Tasks that are perceived as being urgent and important,
B – Tasks that are important but not urgent,
C – Tasks that are unimportant but urgent,
D -  Tasks that are unimportant and not urgent.

text: Each group is then rank-ordered by priority. To further refine the prioritization, some individuals choose to then force-rank all "B" items as either "A" or "C". ABC analysis can incorporate more than three groups.[6]

text: ABC analysis is frequently combined with Pareto analysis.[citation needed]

text: Pareto analysis[edit]

text: This is the idea 80% of tasks can be completed in 20% of the disposable time. The remaining 20% of tasks will take up 80% of the time. This principle is used to sort tasks into two parts. According to this form of Pareto analysis it is recommended that tasks that fall into the first category be assigned a higher priority.

text: The 80-20-rule can also be applied to increase productivity: it is assumed that 80% of the productivity can be achieved by doing 20% of the tasks. Similarly, 80% of results can be attributed to 20% of activity.[7] If productivity is the aim of time management, then these tasks should be prioritized higher.[8]

text: It depends on the method adopted to complete the task. There is always a simpler and easier way to complete the task. If one uses a complex way, it will be time consuming. So, one should always try to find out alternative ways to complete each task.

text: The Eisenhower Method[edit]

text: The "Eisenhower Method" stems from a quote attributed to Dwight D. Eisenhower: "I have two kinds of problems, the urgent and the important. The urgent are not important, and the important are never urgent."[9][10]

text: Using the Eisenhower Decision Principle, tasks are evaluated using the criteria important/unimportant and urgent/not urgent,[11][12] and then placed in according quadrants in an Eisenhower Matrix (also known as an "Eisenhower Box" or "Eisenhower Decision Matrix"[13]). Tasks are then handled as follows:

text: Tasks in

text:
Important/Urgent quadrant are done immediately and personally[14] e.g. crises, deadlines, problems.[13]
Important/Not Urgent quadrant get an end date and are done personally[14] e.g. relationships, planning, recreation.[13]
Unimportant/Urgent quadrant are delegated[14] e.g. interruptions, meetings, activities.[13]
Unimportant/Not Urgent quadrant are dropped[14] e.g. time wasters, pleasant activities, trivia.[13]

tag: ol

text: This method is said to have been used by U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower.[14]

text: Domino reaction method[edit]

text: This is the idea that there are actions that you invest in once and which produce over time in different channels. Writing a book is such an action, because it requires a one-time effort, and once you finish it, it continues serving you.[15]

text: POSEC method[edit]

text: This section does not cite any sources. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (March 2014) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

tag: table

text: POSEC is an acronym for "Prioritize by Organizing, Streamlining, Economizing and Contributing". The method dictates a template which emphasizes an average individual's immediate sense of emotional and monetary security. It suggests that by attending to one's personal responsibilities first, an individual is better positioned to shoulder collective responsibilities.

text: Inherent in the acronym is a hierarchy of self-realization, which mirrors Abraham Maslow's hierarchy of needs:

text:
Prioritize - Your time and define your life by goals.
Organize - Things you have to accomplish regularly to be successful (family and finances).
Streamline - Things you may not like to do, but must do (work and chores).
Economize - Things you should do or may even like to do, but they're not pressingly urgent (pastimes and socializing).
Contribute - By paying attention to the few remaining things that make a difference (social obligations).

text: Implementation of goals[edit]

text: A task list (also to-do list or things-to-do) is a list of tasks to be completed, such as chores or steps toward completing a project. It is an inventory tool which serves as an alternative or supplement to memory.

text: Task lists are used in self-management, grocery lists, business management, project management, and software development. It may involve more than one list.

text: When one of the items on a task list is accomplished, the task is checked or crossed off. The traditional method is to write these on a piece of paper with a pen or pencil, usually on a note pad or clip-board. Task lists can also have the form of paper or software checklists.

text: Writer Julie Morgenstern suggests "do's and don'ts" of time management that include:

text:
Map out everything that is important, by making a task list.
Create "an oasis of time" for one to control.
Say "No".
Set priorities.
Don't drop everything.
Don't think a critical task will get done in one's spare time.[16]

text: Numerous digital equivalents are now available, including Personal information management (PIM) applications and most PDAs. There are also several web-based task list applications, many of which are free.

text: Task list organization[edit]

text: Task lists are often diarised and tiered. The simplest tiered system includes a general to-do list (or task-holding file) to record all the tasks the person needs to accomplish, and a daily to-do list which is created each day by transferring tasks from the general to-do list. An alternative is to create a "not-to-do list", to avoid unnecessary tasks.[16]

text: Task lists are often prioritized:

text:
A daily list of things to do, numbered in the order of their importance, and done in that order one at a time until daily time allows, is attributed to consultant Ivy Lee (1877–1934) as the most profitable advice received by Charles M. Schwab (1862–1939), president of the Bethlehem Steel Corporation.[17][18][19]
An early advocate of "ABC" prioritization was Alan Lakein, in 1973. In his system "A" items were the most important ("A-1" the most important within that group), "B" next most important, "C" least important.[6]
A particular method of applying the ABC method[20] assigns "A" to tasks to be done within a day, "B" a week, and "C" a month.
To prioritize a daily task list, one either records the tasks in the order of highest priority, or assigns them a number after they are listed ("1" for highest priority, "2" for second highest priority, etc.) which indicates in which order to execute the tasks. The latter method is generally faster, allowing the tasks to be recorded more quickly.[16]
Another way of prioritizing compulsory tasks (group A) is to put the most unpleasant one first. When it’s done, the rest of the list feels easier. Groups B and C can benefit from the same idea, but instead of doing the first task (which is the most unpleasant) right away, it gives motivation to do other tasks from the list to avoid the first one.
A completely different approach which argues against prioritising altogether was put forward by British author Mark Forster in his book "Do It Tomorrow and Other Secrets of Time Management". This is based on the idea of operating "closed" to-do lists, instead of the traditional "open" to-do list. He argues that the traditional never-ending to-do lists virtually guarantees that some of your work will be left undone. This approach advocates getting all your work done, every day, and if you are unable to achieve it helps you diagnose where you are going wrong and what needs to change.[21]

text: Various writers have stressed potential difficulties with to-do lists such as the following:

text:
Management of the list can take over from implementing it. This could be caused by procrastination by prolonging the planning activity. This is akin to analysis paralysis. As with any activity, there's a point of diminishing returns.
Some level of detail must be taken for granted for a task system to work. Rather than put "clean the kitchen", "clean the bedroom", and "clean the bathroom", it is more efficient to put "housekeeping" and save time spent writing and reduce the system's administrative load (each task entered into the system generates a cost in time and effort to manage it, aside from the execution of the task). The risk of consolidating tasks, however, is that "housekeeping" in this example may prove overwhelming or nebulously defined, which will either increase the risk of procrastination, or a mismanaged project.[citation needed]
Listing routine tasks wastes time. If you are in the habit of brushing your teeth every day, then there is no reason to put it down on the task list. The same goes for getting out of bed, fixing meals, etc. If you need to track routine tasks, then a standard list or chart may be useful, to avoid the procedure of manually listing these items over and over.[citation needed]
To remain flexible, a task system must allow for disaster. A company must be ready for a disaster. Even if it is a small disaster, if no one made time for this situation, it can metastasize, potentially causing damage to the company.[22]
To avoid getting stuck in a wasteful pattern, the task system should also include regular (monthly, semi-annual, and annual) planning and system-evaluation sessions, to weed out inefficiencies and ensure the user is headed in the direction he or she truly desires.[23]
If some time is not regularly spent on achieving long-range goals, the individual may get stuck in a perpetual holding pattern on short-term plans, like staying at a particular job much longer than originally planned.[24]

text: Software applications[edit]

text: Many companies use time tracking software to track an employee's working time, billable hours etc., e.g. law practice management software.

text: Many software products for time management support multiple users. They allow the person to give tasks to other users and use the software for communication.

text: Task list applications may be thought of as lightweight personal information manager or project management software.

text: Modern task list applications may have built-in task hierarchy (tasks are composed of subtasks which again may contain subtasks),[25] may support multiple methods of filtering and ordering the list of tasks, and may allow one to associate arbitrarily long notes for each task.

text: In contrast to the concept of allowing the person to use multiple filtering methods, at least one software product additionally contains a mode where the software will attempt to dynamically determine the best tasks for any given moment.[26]

text: Time management systems[edit]

text: Time management systems often include a time clock or web-based application used to track an employee’s work hours. Time management systems give employers insights into their workforce, allowing them to see, plan and manage employees' time. Doing so allows employers to control labor costs and increase productivity. A time management system automates processes, which eliminates paper work and tedious tasks.

text: GTD (Getting Things Done)[edit]

text: Getting Things Done was created by David Allen. The basic idea behind this method is to finish all the small tasks immediately and a big task is to be divided into smaller tasks to start completing now. The reasoning behind this is to avoid the information overload or "brain freeze" which is likely to occur when there are hundreds of tasks. The thrust of GTD is to encourage the user to get their tasks and ideas out and on paper and organized as quickly as possible so they're easy to manage and see.

text: Pomodoro[edit]

text: Francesco Cirillo's "Pomodoro Technique" was originally conceived in the late 1980s and gradually refined until it was later defined in 1992. The technique is the namesake of a pomodoro (Italian for tomato) shaped kitchen timer initially used by Cirillo during his time at university. The "Pomodoro" is described as the fundamental metric of time within the technique and is traditionally defined as being 30 minutes long, consisting of 25 minutes of work and 5 minutes of break time. Cirillo also recommends a longer break of 15 to 30 minutes after every four Pomodoros. Through experimentation involving various work groups and mentoring activities, Cirillo determined the "ideal Pomodoro" to be 20–35 minutes long.[27]

text: Elimination of non-priorities[edit]

text: Time management also covers how to eliminate tasks that do not provide value to the individual or organization.

text: According to Sandberg,[28] task lists "aren't the key to productivity [that] they're cracked up to be". He reports an estimated "30% of listers spend more time managing their lists than [they do] completing what's on them".

text: Hendrickson asserts[29] that rigid adherence to task lists can create a "tyranny of the to-do list" that forces one to "waste time on unimportant activities".

text: Study time[edit]

text: Learning is considered to be an activity of stress free notifying of an exposure received with mindfulness.[30] Any form of stress is considered to be deblitative for learning and life, even if adaptability could be acquired (eustress) its effects are damaging.[31] But stress is an unavoidable part of daily life and Reinhold Niebuhr suggests to face it, as if having "the serenity to accept the things one cannot change and having the courage to change the things one can."

text: Part of setting priorities and goals is the emotion "worry," and its function is to ignore the present to fixate on a future that never arrives, which leads to the fruitless expense of one's time and energy. It is an unnecessary cost or a false aspect that can interfere with plans due to human factors. The Eisenhower Method is a strategy used to compete worry and dull-imperative tasks.[32] Worry as stress, is a reaction to a set of environmental factors; understanding this is not a part of the person gives the person possibilities to manage them. Athletes under a coach call this management as "putting the game face."[33]

text: Change is hard and daily life patterns are the most deeply ingrained habits of all. To eliminate non-priorities in study time it is suggested to divide the tasks, capture the moments, review task handling method, postpone unimportant tasks (understood by its current relevancy and sense of urgency reflects wants of the person rather than importance), control life balance (rest, sleep, leisure), and cheat leisure and non productive time (hearing audio taping of lectures, going through presentations of lectures when in queue, etc.).[34]

text: Certain unnecessary factors that affect time management are habits, lack of task definition (lack of clarity), over-protectiveness of the work, guilt of not meeting objectives and subsequent avoidance of present tasks, defining tasks with higher expectations than their worth (over-qualifying), focusing on matters that have an apparent positive outlook without assessing their importance to personal needs, tasks that require support and time, sectional interests and conflicts, etc.[35] A habituated systematic process becomes a device that the person can use with ownership for effective time management.


document_title: Star vs. the Forces of Evil

question_text: who plays pony head on star vs the forces of evil

root

text: Star vs. the Forces of Evil

text: Plot

text: Star Butterfly is a magical princess from the dimension of Mewni. On her 14th birthday, she receives the family heirloom wand. After she accidentally sets fire to her castle, her parents decide that a safer option is to send her to Earth as a foreign exchange student. She befriends Marco Diaz and lives with his family while attending Echo Creek Academy. Star and Marco must deal with everyday school life while protecting Star's wand from falling into the hands of Ludo, a villain from Mewni who commands an army of monsters. Star and the folks from Mewni are able to travel across dimensions using "dimensional scissors" that can open portals.

tag: p

text: Characters

text: Main characters

text:
Star Butterfly (voiced by Eden Sher)[7] – The titular character is a magical princess from the dimension Mewni. On her 14th birthday, she is given the family heirloom, but after she causes a big accident, she is sent to the Earth dimension as a foreign exchange student. She then lives with the Diaz family.[1][8][9] She enjoys exploring and being away from her parents and their pressure to make her into a perfect princess.[10] Nefcy had originally designed Star as a fourth-grader obsessed with Sailor Moon and wanting to become a magical girl despite not having any powers. The design was initially just her with heart cheeks and the devil horns came later. By the time she pitched the idea to Disney she had made the character older, and an executive suggested she would have actual magical powers, leading to the current foreign exchange student concept. Nefcy says Star is very much like her, and that she has a lot of flaws and aspects of being a real girl.[11] Star is Eden Sher's first voice acting role. Sher describes Star as Disney's first-ever kick-butt princess and identifies with her a lot: "She's always wrong. She's always messing up. But at the same time, this character has such a good heart. Star is fiercely loyal when it comes to her friends and never backs down from a fight. There's so much going on there. And that's what makes this character so much fun to voice."[12]
Marco Diaz (voiced by Adam McArthur)[7] – Marco is a 14-year-old boy who becomes Star's best friend and partner in their inter-dimensional adventures. Prior to meeting Star, he was known as a safe kid. He helps Star during their fights against the villains.[10] Nefcy originally conceived of Marco to be a kid obsessed with Dragon Ball Z and karate. After Star's character was changed to be a foreign exchange student, she felt Marco's character needed to balance out Star's, so he became more of a straight man yet is still quirky. Some of Marco's character was based on Nefcy's husband (filmmaker Bobby Miller[13]). She likes that McArthur portrays him away from being nerdy or unlikeable and that Marco is smart and thoughtful.[11] His middle name is Ubaldo, as shown on his test paper in the episode "Matchmaker".
Ludo (voiced by Alan Tudyk)[7] – Ludo is Star's nemesis from Mewni. He plans to snatch Star's wand and use its powers to take over the universe. He is a short, dark grayish-green monster with a round head and a beak and wears a cap made out of the upper part of a creature's skull. Ludo commands an army of monsters.[10] In Season 2, he acquires a new wand made partly from the fragments of Star's original wand. His new minions in season 2 are primarily a giant spider and a giant eagle,[14] whom he refers to as girls, as well as a group of rats and some monsters. In the season 2 episode "The Hard Way", he is possessed by Toffee.

text: Supporting characters

text:
Mr. and Mrs. Diaz (voiced by Artt Butler and Nia Vardalos)[7] – Marco's parents who host Star while she is on Earth. Their given names are Rafael and Angie.
Pony Head (voiced by Jenny Slate)[7] – Star's best friend from Mewni and a floating unicorn head.[15] She is described as sassy, sarcastic, and mischievous. She does not get along with Marco and is sometimes jealous of him when he interacts with Star.[10] Nefcy said that Pony Head originated from an early story of Star where the latter was a fourth-grader and was discouraged during her attempts to recover a stolen bike; an image of Pony Head appeared and told Star not to give up.[11]
King Butterfly (voiced by Alan Tudyk)[7] – Star's father and the king of Mewni. His given name is River.
Queen Butterfly (voiced by Grey Griffin) – Star's mother and the queen of Mewni. Her given name is Moon.
Ludo's minions - They are monsters that are mostly anthropomorphic mixes of animals and/or human appendages. Some of them are occasionally spotlighted in an episode. They include Beard Deer, Bearicorn, Big Chicken, Boo Fly, Buff Frog, Lobster Claws, Man Arm, Spike Balls, and Three-Eyed Potato Baby. They serve Ludo in the first season, but go their own ways in the second. Buff Frog has made multiple appearances in the second and third season as a Russian-accented father of some tadpoles who allies with Star and Queen Butterfly.
Ferguson and Alfonso (voiced by Nate Torrence[7] and Matt Chapman) – Marco's two friends at Echo Creek. Ferguson has orange hair and enjoys making belly faces. Alfonso has curly hair and wears glasses. They appear mostly in early episodes of season 1, and only appear in one season 2 episode as off-screen voices.
Miss Skullnick (voiced by Dee Dee Rescher)[7] – Star and Marco's homeroom and math teacher at Echo Creek Academy. She is accidentally turned into a troll by Star in the episode "Match Maker" and then retains her form for the remainder of the series. Her given name is Margaret.
Jackie Lynn Thomas (voiced by Grey Griffin) – A skateboarding classmate who has been Marco's crush since kindergarten.[16] She and Marco start dating in the season 2 episode "Bon Bon the Birthday Clown."
Dojo Sensei (voiced by Nick Swardson) - The unnamed sensei at the dojo that Marco attends.
Oskar Greason (voiced by Jon Heder) - An Echo Creek student who is Star Butterfly's crush. He is usually seen playing on a keytar or in his car where he also resides. Principal Skeeves distrusts him as he has a "record" when Star asked about him.
Tom (voiced by Rider Strong) - A hot-headed three-eyed demon from the Underworld who is Star's ex-boyfriend.
Glossaryck (voiced by Jeffrey Tambor) – A gnomish sprite with blue skin and a white beard. He lives inside Star's magic instruction book and sometimes speaks in riddles.
Toffee (voiced by Michael C. Hall[17]) – A reptilian humanoid villain. First appearing in "Fortune Cookies," he joins Ludo's gang as an evil efficiency expert—though Toffee has his own agenda.[18][19][20] Nefcy said that she and her staff "wanted Star to fight against somebody who is a greater evil", as Ludo was "super fun" but "not a scary villain".[17] In the season 2 episode "The Hard Way", he possesses Ludo's body and takes over Mewni in the TV movie "The Battle for Mewni".
Janna (voiced by Abby Elliott) - A mischievous student who hangs out with Star and Marco, having a larger supporting role in season 2. She breaks into Marco's locker and knows all sorts of his personal information.

text: Background and production

text: Nefcy said she originally created Star as a girl who wanted to be a magical girl like Sailor Moon, and Marco as a boy who was obsessed with Dragon Ball Z and karate; they would be enemies instead of friends. In this earlier version, Star did not have any actual magical powers; she instead would approach and solve problems primarily through the force of her determination alone.[17][21] Nefcy began pitching the show when she was in her third year of college, when Cartoon Network was actively soliciting the creation of pilots for prospective new shows.[11] Nefcy originally placed Star in the fourth grade, reflecting on a time in her own childhood when she held a self-described obsession with the animated series Sailor Moon. However, Nefcy later adjusted the character's age to fourteen during the time she made her series proposition to Disney.[11][17][22] An executive at that time made the suggestion for Star to have actual magical powers. Nefcy worked this concept into the show's current iteration, along with the idea of different dimensions as show locations, the framing device of Star being a foreign exchange student, and the plot aspects relating to Star being a princess and the subsequent consequences of her royal birthright.[21] Nefcy said that the overall concept has evolved over about six years.[22]

text: In addition to Sailor Moon and Dragon Ball Z, Nefcy has said that she had heavy influence in her youth from the animated Japanese shows Magic Knight Rayearth, Revolutionary Girl Utena and Unico, the last of which featured a pink unicorn. She also cited shows unrelated to Japanese animation such as Buffy the Vampire Slayer,[21] and was influenced by independent comic series such as Scott Pilgrim and The Dungeon.[22] With regards to the development of more strong female characters, Nefcy said that she "looked at TV over the years and I have had to go to Japan when I was younger to find the cartoons that had the characters that I wanted to see. It was always a question of 'Well, why isn't that on TV in the U.S.?' " [17]

text: One of the concepts she likes about the show is that it doesn't make high school the most important experience for teenagers. She also likes that Star does her own thing instead of being concerned about fitting in.[21] Nefcy did not want the gimmick about keeping the magic powers a secret from others as typical of magical girl shows, so she had the students already know about it and Marco's parents as well. She also portrays Star as not really a superhero as she does not specifically go after super-villains except when they attack her, and that she doesn't really save people.[11] Nefcy said that the episodes balance comedy and drama: "we really want our characters to feel like teenagers and have them going through the normal emotions that teenagers go through, but in this magical setting."[17]

text: Storyboarding and design are done in Los Angeles.[22] In describing the process, Nefcy said that the show is storyboard-driven, with each episode mapped out by the storyboard artists. The storyboarders also do the writing, taking a two-page outline and turning it into a full script. A storyboard for 11 minutes would require about 2000 drawings to be done in a six-week period.[23] After pre-production in the US, the first season animation was done at Mercury Filmworks in Ottawa, Canada. Mercury had also done Wander Over Yonder and the Mickey Mouse series.[22] For the rest of first season, the animation was done in the Philippines.[23] The second season was animated by Sugarcube and Rough Draft Studios, both located in South Korea.[24][25]

text: The theme song was done by Brad Breeck, who also did Gravity Falls' opening theme; Nefcy said: "when we were listening to it we didn't know, because we just listened blind". Brian Kim was chosen among a group of about ten people as the show's composer.[11][26] Kim describes the music for each dimension as having a different sound and relating it to indie rock in Los Angeles.[27]

text: The show was initially scheduled to premiere on Disney Channel after being greenlighted in March 2013, for a premiere in the Fall of 2014, before being switched over to Disney XD.[11][28]

text: Promotion and release

text: The show's title sequence was promoted at Comic-Con 2014 six months prior to its scheduled broadcast premiere. As a result, the footage was uploaded by fans to YouTube who then started generating fan art and fan fiction.[22] The first episode premiered on Disney Channel in January 2015. The positive reaction on social media has prompted Disney XD to order a second season of the series in February 2015, six weeks ahead of its launch of the series on Disney XD in March.[29] Disney sitcom actors Olivia Holt and Kelli Berglund participated in promoting the series the weeks before its Disney XD premiere, with Holt dressing up as Star.[30][31]

text: The second season premiered on July 11, 2016.[4]

text: International

text: Star vs. the Forces of Evil premiered in Canada on the DHX-owned Disney XD on April 6, 2015,[32] and was later moved to the Corus-owned Disney XD on December 1.[33] The series premiered on Disney XD channels in the United Kingdom and Ireland on April 16, 2015,[34][better source needed] in Australia on August 3,[35] and in the Middle East and Africa on October 5.[36] It also premiered on November 8 on Disney Channel in Southeast Asia.[37][38] The series premiered on March 6, 2016, as Star Butterfly in French on Disney La Chaîne in Canada.[39] The show premiered on November 2 on Disney XD in Italy, and on Disney Channel on November 2, 2016.[40]

text: TV Movie

text: On July 15, 2017, a two-hour long television movie entitled "The Battle for Mewni" was aired on Disney XD; it consisted of the first four episodes of the third season.[41][42] A live chat featuring Star and Marco was aired on Disney XD on July 17.[43]

text: Episodes

text:
Season
Episodes
Originally aired

First aired
Last aired

1
13
March 30, 2015 (2015-03-30)
September 21, 2015 (2015-09-21)

2
22
July 11, 2016 (2016-07-11)
February 27, 2017 (2017-02-27)

3
TBA
July 15, 2017 (2017-07-15)
TBA

text: Reception

text: Kevin Johnson of The A.V. Club gave the pilot episode a B+, saying that the show was something children could have a lot of fun with, noting how the show follows current trends in western animation "towards large-eyed characters and quirky visual trends". Johnson stated that Star vs. the Forces of Evil "excels on wild, silly, and clever set-pieces to bring the laughs and action", but expected that adult viewers won't get much out of it.[44] Furthermore, the premiere of Star vs. the Forces of Evil became the most-watched animated series debut in Disney XD’s history.[45] Following the end of the second season, Disney XD announced it had ordered a fourth season of the show, and that in 2016, Star and another animated show Milo Murphy's Law had reached over 100 million consumer views combined across its media platforms.[6]

text: In reviewing episodes from the first season, Marcy Cook of The Mary Sue described the show as a blend of others such as Invader Zim and a sanitized Ren & Stimpy, with great appeal to tween and teen girls as well some laugh out loud moments for adults. She said, "[I]t's really cool to see a girl who is into cuteness and rainbows also kick-ass and enjoy it". Cook was bothered by the short episodes that made the plot seem rushed or underdeveloped. Cook was bugged by Marco's retconned personality from the pilot episode where he was a safety conscious kid to the series where he was a martial arts fight seeker.[46] Caitlin Donovan of entertainment website Epicstream listed it among her top 10 animated series of 2015. She found the first few episodes to be "a little rough for me, like the show was trying too hard to be funny and weird", but that the show got better with character development and relationship building, with "a really dramatic, high-tension finale to the first season".[47]

text: Awards and nominations

text: The episode "Party with a Pony" was showcased in the Annecy International Animated Film Festival in June 2015.[48][49]

text:
Year
Award
Category
Nominee
Result
Ref

2015
Annecy International Animated Film Festival
TV Series
For "Party with a Pony"
Nominated
[49]

2016
Annie Awards
Best Animated TV/Broadcast Production for Children's Audience
For "Blood Moon Ball"
Nominated
[50]

text: Other media

text: A comic book series titled Deep Trouble was written by storyboarder Zach Marcus and illustrated by character designer Devin Taylor, both of whom are part of the Star crew. They have been released monthly by Joe Books starting in September 2016.[51][52] A Cinestory comic was also developed and released.[53]

text: The book Star and Marco's Guide to Mastering Every Dimension, authored by Amber Benson and supervising producer Dominic Bisignano, was released on March 7, 2017.[54][55]


document_title: Summer vacation

question_text: when does summer vacation start in the usa

question_tokens: when does summer vacation start in the usa

text: Summer vacation

text: Criticisms and support[edit]

text:
In some countries, school summer vacation is only six weeks or two months supposedly so students don't forget large amounts of information learned in the past year (See: Summer learning loss).[1][2]
Other education reformers believed that children were overstimulated in a system which required 48 weeks of schooling. They believe that over-schooling could lead to nervous disorders, depression, insanity, and separation anxiety towards families.[3] They believe that children need the 2–3 months off to relax and also to take a break from other childhood stresses associated with school such as peer pressure, cliques, bullying, and the pressure of heavy loads of homework.

text: Some critics of summer vacation point out that American students spend approximately 180 days (26 weeks) per year in school, but Asian students are "in school for 240 to 250 days". This is consistent with the conclusions of researchers who suggest that advanced abilities are in proportion to the time spent learning. Summer holidays in Japan start from late July until early September.[4]

text: By country[edit]

text: Argentina[edit]

text: In Southern Argentina, the school year ends in early- or mid-December and starts late February or early March. Also the majority of students get two weeks of holidays during winter, which varies depending on the region of the country from early June to late July or mid-July to early August.

text:
Primary education: From mid-December to late February (2 months)
Secondary education: From early December to early March (3 months)
University education: From last day of December (31 December) to early April (3 months)

text: Australia[edit]

text: In Australia, summer officially lasts from December to February, and therefore includes Christmas and New Year holidays. The dates of Australian school holidays (the term used, rather than "vacation") are determined by each state's Department of Education, the Christmas summer holiday being the longest in duration. Typically Christmas summer holiday in Australia last approximately six weeks, usually from late December (depending on school level) to late January. This is significantly shorter than North American summer holiday, but Australian schools also break for 2 weeks at Easter, and in June and September, giving students and teachers a total of twelve weeks of annual holidays. In many public schools, years 10 through 12 will finish before December 15, allowing time to complete exam marking and results. Year 10 commonly finishes at the end of November, Year 11 at the end of October, and year 12 (Senior Year) also at mid or the end of October after 3 weeks of end-of-year exams. This can bring the normal 12 weeks of vacation to 20 weeks of vacation. The intervening periods of school operation without holidays are called "School Terms", each term lasting approximately ten weeks. All Australian states have relatively similar holiday periods between each term, but there is the ability for this to change, as it did in the Melbourne 2006 Commonwealth Games, when the first term in Victorian schools was shortened to 6 weeks and the other subsequently extended to 12 weeks due to severe disruptions to the public and private bus networks used by school students. Most private schools in Australia have up to four weeks of additional holidays, due to their longer teaching hours during term.

text: Austria[edit]

text: In Austria, summer vacation dates vary by region, however the break lasts nine weeks throughout the whole country. School usually ends in early July and starts in early September. In the regions of Vienna, Lower Austria and the Burgenland summer break starts on the first Saturday in July and one week later in Carinthia, Styria, the Tyrol, Vorarlberg, Salzburg and Upper Austria. School recommences on the first Monday in September in Vienna, Lower Austria and the Burgenland and on the second Monday of September in the other regions.

text: Bangladesh[edit]

text: In Bangladesh, summer vacation begins in mid-May and ends in mid June (4 weeks). According to Bengali calendar summer vacation related with availability of different kinds of summer fruits in the month of Joishtho (mid May to mid June). This is slightly odd for schools to open before the summer solstice begins. Also, it is becoming difficult for children to attend school in high temperatures.

text: Barbados[edit]

text: In Barbados, summer holiday dates have varied throughout the years due to the beginning of the hurricane season on June 1st. Because of this, major storms affecting the island can cause schools to remain closed for days resulting in a pushback of vacation dates, for example with Hurricane Tomas in 2010. Currently, summer holiday begins in late June or early July and ends in the second week of September.

text: Belgium[edit]

text:
In Belgium, summer vacation lasts in general from July 1 until September 1 (2 months).
Universities and colleges have longer vacations they also start July 1 but last mostly until mid-September (3 months). This is because there are resits at the end of August and the beginning of September.

text: Bolivia[edit]

text: In Bolivia, summer vacation runs from early December to early February[5] (2 months).

text: Bosnia and Herzegovina[edit]

text: In Bosnia and Herzegovina, the start of summer break varies by school, but usually starts at the beginning or mid-June. School starts on the first Monday of September. There is also a three-to-four weeks long break during winter (typically starting on 31 December). School is not out on Christmas or Easter, but students who celebrate those holidays are allowed to miss that day of school.

text: Brazil[edit]

text: In Brazil, summer break lasts between 50 and 60 days; from late November - early December, to early February, typically February 14–25. In addition, for the majority of Brazilian students there are two to three weeks off for Winter in July.

text: Bulgaria[edit]

text: In Bulgaria, the time of the break differs according to the grade of the students. The following periods are applied:

text: 1st grade: May 24 – September 15

text: 2nd-4th grade: May 31 – September 15

text: 5th-7th grade: June 15 – September 15

text: 8th-11th grade: June 30 – September 15

text: 12th grade: School year ends in mid-May.

text: Note that 8th grade classes that focus on intensive language learning's summer vacation also starts on the 30th of June, rather than the 15th.[6]

text: Canada[edit]

text: In Canada, the first day of summer vacation for public schools is the last Saturday in June. However, in some provinces students get a Professional Activity day on the final Friday of that school week, and their last day would be on the Thursday. Depending on the province, students can get 2–3 months of summer vacation. This may vary in Quebec (earlier due to provincial June 24 holiday). The last day of summer vacation is Labour Day. This can vary in Private schools. School generally resumes the day after Labour Day (in September). Most have two weeks off for Christmas and New Year, and a week off in March or April for Spring Break (sometimes called March Break or Easter Break).

text: Chile[edit]

text: In Chile, summer vacation lasts from early or mid-December until late February or early March (10, 11 or 12 weeks). In addition, schools have two or three weeks off for Winter in July, and one-week-long break for National Holidays in mid-September.

text: China[edit]

text: In the People's Republic of China, summer holidays start in early July and often end in early September (2 months).

text: Colombia[edit]

text: In Colombia, summer vacation varies. Because of Colombia's equatorial climate (see Climate of Colombia for more information), schools run two different calendars. Public schools and some private schools run "Calendar A" which has a break between June and July. Only some private schools run "Calendar B" in which there is a long vacation in July and August. On the other hand, "Calendar A" has a long vacation around Christmas.

text: Costa Rica[edit]

text: In Costa Rica, summer vacation lasts 2 months. Usually begin in late December and end in early February. There are a few schools using the "american" style, those school usually take vacations in late May and then resume again in early August.

text: Croatia[edit]

text: In Croatia, the school year finishes around 10th June and it usually starts on the first Monday of September, but if the first Monday is on 1st or 2nd September, the school year is more likely to start on the second Monday. Winter break usually begins a few days before Christmas and it lasts until mid January. Eastern break lasts 10 days.

text: Czech Republic[edit]

text: In the Czech Republic, summer holiday begins on July 1 and ends on August 31 (2 months).[7]

text: Denmark[edit]

text: In Denmark, summer break lasts from the end of June to early or mid-August (6 weeks) . High schools (colleges) usually return to school in early August, but for younger students it can be in the middle.

text: Ecuador[edit]

text: In Ecuador, summer vacation varies. Because of Ecuador's equatorial climate (see Climate of Ecuador for more information), schools run two different calendars. The Coastal region runs vacation  January or February, but in the Sierra region, summer vacation follows the pattern in July and August.

text: Egypt[edit]

text: In Egypt, summer break lasts from the beginning or the middle of June until the middle of September (3 Months – 14 Weeks) in public schools, though length slightly differs according to age. In most private schools, summer break lasts from the middle or end of June to the beginning of September (2.5 Months – 10 Weeks)

text: Estonia[edit]

text: In Estonia, summer holidays start in the beginning of June, the date ranging for different grades. School begins every year on September 1, with a week off in autumn, 2 weeks off at Christmas and a week in spring.

text: Ethiopia[edit]

text: In Ethiopia, the school year usually ends in late May to mid-June and begins in mid-September (8 to 12 weeks).

text: Finland[edit]

text: In Finland, summer vacation starts on Saturday in late May, or in the beginning of June. The vacation lasts for 21⁄2 to 3 months. Usually, school starts again on August 7 to 18.

text: France[edit]

text: In France, summer vacation usually consists of July and August (2 months), though secondary school students finish in mid-June due to the senior's exams. This may vary for private schools.

text: Germany[edit]

text: In Germany, summer vacation lasts six and a half weeks. The exact dates vary by state as well as from one to the next year, from the earliest (mid-June to late July) to the latest (late July to early September). In Germany the annual holidays are split into winter holidays (about one week), Easter holidays (mostly about two weeks), summer holiday (about six and a half weeks), autumn holidays (about one to two weeks) and Christmas holidays (about one to two weeks). Some states like Bavaria also have holidays for Pentecost. Summed up over the whole year the holidays are about thirteen weeks.

text: Greece[edit]

text: In Greece, the summer vacation lasts for 3 months. Schools close on June 14 and reopen on September 11. Universities generally close in mid-July, but with great differences between faculties.

text: Guatemala[edit]

text: In Guatemala, the summer holidays start in middle October and end in early January (approx 12 weeks).

text: Guyana[edit]

text: In Guyana, the summer holidays start in early July and end in early September (2 months).

text: Hungary[edit]

text: In Hungary, summer vacation usually lasts from mid-June to early September (11 or 12 weeks).

text: Hong Kong[edit]

text: In Hong Kong, summer vacation normally begins in mid-July and ends on the beginning of September (6–7 weeks) for most public schools. However, the starting and ending times of international schools are variable. For example, most ESF-based schools start in late June and finish mid-August (7 weeks).

text: Iceland[edit]

text: In Iceland, the duration of the summer vacation can vary from one school to another. Typically students start their summer vacation during the first week of June and return to school in the fourth week of August.[8]

text: India[edit]

text: India covers a wide spectrum of climates, resulting in a large variation in times and durations of summer vacation. Different parts of the country face different climatic conditions at the same time.

text: In northern India, summer vacation typically begins in the second week of May and ends by the last week of June, except in Kashmir Valley, where summer vacation is only for ten days, with a long winter break from mid-December to the end of February instead.

text: In central India, summer vacation begins in mid-April and schools re-open in mid-June.

text: In the south, schools finish in the last week of March and resume in early June.

text: In the north-eastern states, a new school year commences before the holidays, in April. A few weeks later, schools finish for summer vacation between May and June, during the hottest months of the year.

text: Moreover, summer vacation lasts for no more than six weeks in most schools. The duration may decrease to as little as three weeks for older students, with the exception of two month breaks  being scheduled to allow some high school and university students to participate in internship and summer school programmes.

text: Iran[edit]

text: In Iran, summer vacation lasts three months. Schools close in late June and reopen in late September.

text: Iraq[edit]

text: In Iraq, summer vacation begins in late May and ends in late September, but the 12th grade vacation begins in late June and ends in mid-October.

text: Ireland[edit]

text: In the Republic of Ireland, most secondary schools start summer holidays the first week of June, or at the end of the Junior Certificate and Leaving Certificate exams (approximately 20th June), and don't return until 20-26th August. Other holidays include two weeks for Easter and another two for Christmas and New Year, as well as two midterms with one in October/November during the week of Halloween and one usually in the month of February. Primary schools in the Republic of Ireland work sixteen days longer, so they start their summer holiday at the end of June but do not return until the first week of September.[9] Private schools in the Republic of Ireland follow the same pattern.

text: Israel[edit]

text: The start of the summer vacation for middle schools and high schools is on June 20 and the end is August 31 (two months and 10 days) and the summer vacation for primary schools and kindergartens start on June 30 and ends on August 31 (two months and 1 day).

text: Italy[edit]

text: In Italy, summer vacation for elementary, middle and high schools normally starts on the second week of June and lasts until the first week of September included, for a total of three months. For kindergartens, summer vacation starts at the end of May and lasts until the first week of September. Final term examinations for middle school and high school are held until the end of June.

text: Jamaica[edit]

text: In Jamaica, summer holidays for primary and secondary schools starts in the first week of July and ends in the first week of September which gives a duration of about eight weeks.

text: These schools also have term breaks at Christmas (typically two weeks) and Easter (typically one and a half weeks), as well as mid-term breaks of a few days each usually around National Heroes Day in the Christmas (First) Term, Ash Wednesday in the Easter (Second) Term and Labour Day in the Summer (Third) term.

text: At the start of each year The Ministry of Education provides dates for each term and suggested dates for mid-term breaks for primary and secondary schools.  These dates might be adjusted based on circumstance such as the loss of teaching time caused by the passage of a hurricane.

text: Tertiary institutions using the semester system typically have summer holidays starting in May (at the end of examinations) and ending in early September.  This can, however, vary among institutions.

text: Japan[edit]

text: In Japan, the summer vacation generally lasts from late July to early September, and due to the way education in Japan is structured, it takes place within a school year.

text: Jordan[edit]

text: In Jordan, summer vacation lasts almost 3 months and most schools take summer vacation from mid-June to mid-September.

text: Kuwait[edit]

text: In Kuwait, summer vacation for elementary and middle school, [1st to 9th grade] starts at the end of May or at the beginning of June and ends at the Beginning to late September, sometimes as far as early October (Public Schools). For high school students, [10th to 12th grade] it starts on June 19–20 and ends at the same time as elementary and middle school.

text: Lebanon[edit]

text: In Lebanon, summer vacation lasts almost 3 months and most schools take summer vacation from mid-June to mid-September.

text: Libya[edit]

text: In Libya, summer break lasts from the beginning or the middle of June until the middle of September (3 Months – 14 Weeks). There are 5 other smaller vacations : Mid-year two-week break around February and two Hijri Lunar calendar 3-Day religious breaks for Eid Fitr (25 June in 217) and Eid Adha (1 Sept in 2017).

text: Lithuania[edit]

text: In Lithuania, summer vacation starts in June 1 and ends on September 1 with the start of a new school year (3 months).

text: Luxembourg[edit]

text: In Luxembourg, summer vacation starts on July 16 and ends on September 15, lasting a total of two months. There are 5 other smaller vacations : All Saints (1 week), Christmas (2 weeks), Carnival (1 week), Easter (2 weeks), Pentecost (1 week).

text: Macedonia[edit]

text: In Macedonia, the summer vacation starts on June 10 and ends on September 1 in every school.

text: Malta[edit]

text: In Malta, the summer holidays usually last from the end of June until the end of September (3 months).

text: Moldova[edit]

text: In Moldova, summer vacation begins on 1 June and ends in 1 September (3 months).

text: Morocco[edit]

text: In Morocco, summer vacation lasts from June 20 until the beginning of September (2 months).

text: Mexico[edit]

text: In Mexico, summer vacation starts in early July and finishes in mid-August since 2000. In addition, Mexican children get two or three weeks off for Christmas and New Year (from the third Thursday in December to January 7), and two weeks off in March or April for Spring Break (from the Friday before lazarus Saturday to the Monday after Easter Monday).

text: However, high school students (from tenth to twelfth grade) and college students have mostly three months of vacation -from late May or early June to early August. Like elementary and middle school students, high school students have in addition two weeks off for Christmas and New Year, and two weeks off in March or April for Spring Break. Moreover, college students get four weeks off for Christmas and New Year (from mid-December to mid-January) but only one week of Spring Break.

text: Mongolia[edit]

text: In Mongolia, summer vacation usually starts from late May or early June (varies between schools) to the end of August. The school year is divided into 4 terms lasting 8 to 9 weeks each and students take 1 week off after the first and second terms and 2 weeks after the third term.

text: Nepal[edit]

text: In Nepal, summer vacation runs from the end of May to the end of July.

text: Netherlands[edit]

text: In the Netherlands, summer vacation is about 6 weeks for primary school and High school, usually from mid-July to late August. School students officially get the same time off but there often is a one-week period before the vacation during which the student will only have to go to school for 2 days to receive their grade lists and bring back their books making the holiday 7 weeks unofficially for high school students. However, this does not apply to every school.

text: New Zealand[edit]

text: In New Zealand, the school holidays (the term used, rather than "vacation") typically start in mid-December, and end in late January, which is usually 6 weeks.[10] Senior secondary school students in Year 11, 12 and 13 finish in late-October for study leave. But the summer holidays still do not start until mid-December. And university students don't start until early March and finish in late-October. Throughout the year there are 2 week breaks at Easter, in July and  in September.

text: Nigeria[edit]

text: In Nigeria, primary and secondary Schools usually start Summer vacation in mid-July and resume in the early weeks of September.  The vacation is also known as the "3rd-term holiday" and it is the longest break in a school year (typically up to two months). The "first-term break" starts between one and two weeks prior to Christmas and ends the first or second week in January, lasting for about three weeks. The "first-term break" is usually the shortest break in a school year. The "second-term break" usually starts a week before Easter and lasts for another three weeks. This gives a total of about 14 weeks of holiday in a year. The geographical location of the school is also a factor.

text: Tertiary institutions follow a different pattern, as the holiday in each school depends on various factors which include, the Course of study and the academic calendar of the school. Some tertiary institutions observe their Summer breaks in the normal summer period when elementary and high schools observe theirs, while others don't. Some courses of study also don't observe any significant holidays, such programmes include Engineering, Nursing, Medicine and a few others. This is usually as a result of students doing their laboratory work, workshop practice, Practicals, Internship etc. (as the case may be), while the other students in other programmes are on holiday. Tertiary schools observe two semesters; while some schools observe a break after the first semester, many others have their breaks combined to just the summer holidays. This long break helps the students get good jobs during the holiday. The total length of break observed in tertiary institutions in a year is 12 to 14 weeks.

text: Norway[edit]

text: In Norway, summer vacation typically lasts from mid June to mid August, for a minimum of 8 weeks.

text: Oman[edit]

text: In Oman, summer vacation starts in late May and ends in early September (3 months).

text: Pakistan[edit]

text: In Pakistan, Summer vacation lasts for two to three months depending on the type of school (public or private). Typical summer vacation is from the end of May to mid-August.[11] Many private schools are also open in June and July for 8th to 10th grades under the programmes called "summer camps".

text: Panama[edit]

text: In Panama, summer vacation starts in early December on both types of school (public or private), and ends in late February. (3 months)

text: Paraguay[edit]

text: In Paraguay, summer holidays start in December and end in late February (2 months).

text: Philippines[edit]

text: In the Philippines, summer holidays for kindergarten, elementary, and high schools typically start on the third week of March and end in the first to third week of June. This coincides with the country's tropical dry season months from March to June. Colleges and universities, however, offer summer classes for students who wants to take advanced subjects or those who fail to pass the prerequisites for the next school year. School year begins in the first week of June, the start of Philippines' wet season.

text: Select universities have adapted the school year schedule of other countries, starting the school year in September and having the summer holidays from June to August.[12][13] Some of the schools who complied are still in transition, their academic calendars still beginning in July, others in August, with their summer vacations adjusted accordingly.[14]

text: Poland[edit]

text: In Poland, summer vacation starts on the first Saturday after June 20 and ends on the first weekday of September except Friday or Saturday. Students usually spend 1–1.5 hours at school to pick up their report cards on their last day of school.

text: Portugal[edit]

text: In Portugal, summer vacation starts in mid-June, and finishes in the middle of September.

text: Russia[edit]

text: In Russia, summer vacation starts on May 25 with the end of an old school year (for 1st–8th and 10th grades) and ends on September 1 with the beginning of a new school year. For 9th and 11th grades, due to exams (EGE), the vacation starts in the middle (9th grade) or in the end (11th grade) of June.

text: Romania[edit]

text: In Romania, summer vacation starts in the second and third week of June and ends  September 9-16 (3 months). [2]

text: Saint Lucia[edit]

text: In Saint Lucia, summer vacation starts in early July and ends on the first Monday of September (6 weeks).

text: Saudi Arabia[edit]

text: In the school year 2016–2017 the summer break for Saudi Arabian students started from 24th of May till the 17th of September. This means it will be 110 days, 3 Months and a half. In 2018-2019, schools will end in May 13th and start early September, this is because the Ministry of Education wants students to finish school before Ramadan begins.

text: Serbia[edit]

text: In Serbia, the summer vacation starts around the ending of June, more precisely by the end of 2nd or 3rd week of June. Summer holiday ends on August 31. School officially starts on first working day of September (if September 1 is on Saturday or Sunday, starting of school is delayed until Monday). There are also several other holidays. Two day holiday in the first week of November, Three week holiday from December 31st to the third week of January and finally a two-week break during Easter.

text: Slovakia[edit]

text: In Slovakia, summer break lasts from July 1 until September 1 (2 months and Constitution Day).[15]

text: Slovenia[edit]

text: In Slovenia, final exams are usually taken from mid-May to mid-June (high schools) or in June (primary schools). The last day of school is June 24th, and school resumes on September 1st.

text: South Africa[edit]

text: In South Africa, summer holidays usually begin in early December and end in mid-January. Winter Break lasts from late June to early July, and there are 10 days of Easter holidays.

text: South Korea[edit]

text: In South Korea, summer vacation starts in late July and ends in mid-August. The South Korean summer vacation takes place within a school year. The winter vacation takes place from the last week of December or early January to the first week of February.

text: South Sudan[edit]

text: In South Sudan, summer vacation starts on December 21 and ends on March 19.

text: Spain[edit]

text: In Spain, the school year finishes in mid or late June and begins in mid-September. Vacation varies by region but often includes a family vacation to cooler temperatures in the north of Spain or south or east to the Mediterranean beaches.[16]

text: Suriname[edit]

text: In Suriname, summer vacation usually starts in mid-August and ends in early-October.[17] In 2012, a change of summer vacation was proposed by several legislators having summer vacation the same time as the Caribbean Community.[17] The proposed plan is summer vacation starts from mid-August and ends in early-October.[17]

text: Sweden[edit]

text: In Sweden, summer vacation is between the spring and autumn term. Normally it lasts from mid-June to late August (a minimum of 9–10 weeks, differs for each county). In Sweden, students end their term, either at a church or in their school, singing traditional summer songs like Den blomstertid nu kommer (normally only the first two verses).

text: The winter vacation is between the winter and late winter term. It is typically three weeks long, lasting from late December until early January.

text: Children in elementary school until high school have a week of vacation in the autumn/winter term and two weeks in the spring/summer term. The one in the autumn is called "Novemberlov" which means "November vacation/break" or "Höstlov" which means "Autumn vacation/break". The two in the spring/summer term are called "Sportlov" which means "Sport break/vacation" and "Påsklov" which means "Easter break/vacation".

text: Schools have additional breaks on 1 May (May Day) and 6 June (the National Day of Sweden).

text: Switzerland[edit]

text:
In Switzerland, summer vacation varies in each canton. As an example in Zürich, it lasts five weeks and between mid-July and mid-August.[18]
In Ticino, it last about ten weeks between late June and early September.
[19]

text: Syria[edit]

text:
In Syria, summer vacation lasts 3 months.
It starts mid June (for primary and secondary schools)and ends mid September.
University students have a vacation from early July to early October. This varies 2 or 3 days by school or year .
The mid-term holiday is usually a week long.

text: Taiwan[edit]

text: In Taiwan, summer vacation starts in early July (late June for University students) and ends in late August (mid-September for University students).

text: Thailand[edit]

text: In Thailand, summer vacation begins in late February to early March and ends in mid-May.

text: Trinidad and Tobago[edit]

text: Primary and Secondary Schools close the first Friday of July and open on the first Monday of September (giving students two months). This can vary a day or two by school or year. International schools are in link with the British, Canadian, or American systems.

text: Turkey[edit]

text: In Turkey, summer vacation starts in mid-June and ends in mid-September (3 months).

text: Tunisia[edit]

text: In Tunisia, summer vacation for the middle school (7th–9th grade) and high school starts on May 30 and ends on September 15. Primary schools are off to vacation on June 1 and end on September 15.

text: United Kingdom[edit]

text: In England and Wales, summer holidays for state schools usually last from the second half of July through to early September which gives a duration of six or seven weeks. In addition, all schools in England and Wales have three one-week-long half-term breaks for each of the three terms, one in the autumn term, one in the spring term and one in the summer term. State schools have two weeks off for Christmas and Easter, which brings the total number of weeks off for state school students per year to 13.

text: In Scotland, school summer holidays start in late June and last for about six or seven weeks, with most schools returning around mid-August. In addition to summer holidays, Scottish schools have breaks lasting one week in October, two weeks at Christmas and two weeks at Easter. They also have a week off in Mid-February. They have two bank holidays in May/June, and one in September.

text: In Northern Ireland, most schools' summer vacation starts in late June and runs through to the beginning of September. Students doing exams (GCSEs and A-Levels) often get "Study-Leave" from May and do the exams sometime in that month, or early June. Schools also have a two-week break for Christmas and Easter as well as several Bank Holidays, in addition to a week off for Mid Term in Mid February. Some schools, generally integrated, or Catholic, also get time off for St. Patrick's Day in March. Protestant schools don't usually get this day off.

text: In the United Kingdom, holiday dates for independent schools mostly differ from those of state schools; these differences typically take the form of an extra week's holiday at the beginning and end of each of the long vacations, meaning four weeks for the Christmas and Easter breaks and eight to ten weeks for the summer break, though variations in summer vacation length exist between independent schools themselves. In addition, all schools in the United Kingdom have three week-long half-term breaks for each of the three terms, including one in the autumn term at the end of October, one in the spring term in mid-February and one in the summer term in late May, although these breaks do not always coincide with state school breaks in the Autumn and Spring terms. The summer half term break is determined by the break in public exams at the end of May. Some universities grant an extended "Exam-Leave" to students which typically commences in early April, so as to give students a good number of weeks to prepare for the summer exam season which usually starts in mid to late May and finishes in early or mid-June. Final-year students at independent schools typically finish their time at school when their last exam in the summer exam season finishes, and as an encore a special event is usually arranged for late June by the school for leavers and staff as a way of providing an opportunity for final farewells to be bid. The universities they go on to typically schedule their first term to commence in early October, giving school leavers an extended summer break between their time of leaving school and starting university.

text: United States[edit]

text: In the United States, summer vacation lasts two to three months. The dates vary depending on the location of the school district, with two major formats. One is from late May-mid June to early September (in most northern states), the other major format lasting from late May to mid August (in most southern and western states). (Excluding some districts, as some schools may end late June and begin early September).

text: Summer vacation or break lasts for about 12 weeks, starting anywhere from late May to mid June, and ending anywhere from late August to Labor Day, the first Monday in September. This often depends on the region – for example, most schools in the Northeastern United States end in June and start the Wednesday after Labor Day (Teachers report back on Tuesday), while the majority of schools in the Southern United States have schools end in May and start again in August.

text: The origins of the summer holiday break are often believed to be rooted in agriculture. It is widely believed that the school calendar follows the agrarian farming calendar because during the settlement of the United States, the nation primarily consisted of a farming population.  This belief maintains that the current school calendar has a two to three-month break so that children could assume the necessary tasks of planting and harvesting crops. However, planting of most crops occurred in the spring and harvest occurred in the fall.  Rural schools would often break for spring and fall seasons, but continue schooling throughout the summer.[20][21]

text: The modern school calendar has roots in 19th century school reform movements seeking standardization between urban and rural areas; multiple causes lead to the summer break known by modern American students. In fact, schools in the early 1800s held school throughout the summer.  As schooling progressed through bureaucracy, society’s population growth and change, as well as improvements in technology, such as better transportation for students and air conditioned buildings, school calendars also changed.[20][21]

text: Many citizens of upper and middle classes would vacation outside of the sweltering cities during the hot summers.  If school continued into the summer months, families would no longer have time together for summer vacations.[22]

text: As school systems grew throughout the United States they became more aligned with college and university schedules, which already observed a break during summer. Breaks became more frequent as well.  Original schools observed New Year’s Day, Easter, Fourth of July, Thanksgiving, and Christmas.  The duration of breaks at these observances varied from school to school.  More observances have been honored as time has passed, continually changing the school calendar.[23]

text:
As the nation expanded and grew, the nation saw the need for an educated populace and more public schools were built.  But the need for academic breaks from learning was always seen as necessary.
Nineteenth century and early twentieth century belief regarded the brain as a muscle, and thought that too much work and strain on the brain could result in injury.  Therefore, they believed that students should not receive too much education.  This was particularly true of younger children whose minds were still developing.[24]
As industrialism led to automation and wealth, and the nation recovered and expanded following the Civil War, leisure activity became more important to Americans.  Leading advocates for play such as Henry Curtis[25]  believed strongly that children were not having enough time for play.  In addition to advocating playground equipment, Curtis also advocated that summer should be spent working with families in gardens, and going camping.  Curtis was a large supporter of boy and girl scouts and encouraged children to engage in scouting during the summer.  If children lived in the cities and were unable to go camping or tend to gardens, schools were a premier place for children to be, but the emphasis should be on learning lifelong skills; sewing, woodworking, crafts, and manual labor.[26]

text: Uruguay[edit]

text: In Uruguay, summer holidays usually begin in early December, and finish in early March (3 months). Students have one week for Easter Holidays, another week for Spring Holidays, and two weeks for the Holiday season.

text: Venezuela[edit]

text: In Venezuela, summer holidays begin in late June or early July and end in late September or early October.

text: Vietnam[edit]

text: In Vietnam, summer holidays usually begin in late May or early June and last for two months. Vietnamese students also have a week or two weeks off for Lunar New Year which is in late January or mid-February. Students additionally have other holidays including but not limited to Independence Day on September 2, International Labour Day on May 1 and Reunification Day on April 30.