document_title: History of Walmart

question_text: when was the first walmart opened in florida

text: History of Walmart

text: 1960s and 1970s[edit]

text: At some point Sam Walton made the decision to achieve higher sales volumes by keeping sales prices lower than his competitors by reducing his profit margin. Inspired by the successes of other discount department store chains, Walton opened the second store in Harrison, Arkansas that year. Responsible for the purchase and maintenance of signage, Walton's assistant, Bob Bogle, came up with the name "Wal-Mart" for the new chain.[2] By 1967, the company grew to 24 stores across the state of Arkansas, and had reached $12.6 million in sales, and by 1968, the company opened its first stores outside of Arkansas in Sikeston, Missouri and Claremore, Oklahoma.[3]

text: The company's first stock split occurred in May 1972 at a market price of $47. By this time, Walmart was operating in five states: Arkansas, Kansas, Louisiana, Missouri and Oklahoma, and expanded into Tennessee in 1973, and Kentucky and Mississippi in 1974. As the company expanded into Texas in 1975, there were 125 stores with 7,500 associates, and total sales of $340.3 million.

text: By 1977, Wal-Mart expanded into Illinois and made its first corporate acquisition, assuming ownership and operation of the Mohr-Value stores, which operated in Missouri and Illinois.[4] This was followed by the acquisition of the Hutcheson Shoe Company in 1978. In the same year Walmart also branched out into several new markets, launching its pharmacy, auto service center, and jewelry divisions.

text: 1980s and 1990s[edit]

text: In 1981, Wal-Mart expanded into the southeastern US market, opening stores in Georgia and South Carolina, and acquiring 92 Kuhn's Big K stores. They expanded into Florida and Nebraska in 1982.

text: In April 1983, the company opened its first Sam's Club store, a membership-based discount warehouse club, in Midwest City, Oklahoma. They also expanded into Indiana, Iowa, New Mexico, and North Carolina and implemented "people greeters" in all of their stores. The first stores opened in Virginia in 1984.

text: In 1985, with 882 stores with sales of $8.4 billion and 104,000 associates, the company expanded into Wisconsin and Colorado, and the first stores opened in Minnesota in 1986.

text: By the company's 25th anniversary in 1987, there were offices to track inventory, sales, and send instant communication to their stores.[5] Continuing their technological upgrades, they had equipped 90% of their stores with barcode readers by 1988, to further assist in keeping track of their large inventory.

text: In February 1988, company founder Sam Walton stepped down as Chief Executive Officer, and David Glass was named to succeed him.[6] Walton remained on as Chairman of the Corporate Board of Directors, and the company also restructured their senior management positions, elevating a cadre of executives to positions of greater responsibility.

text: Also in 1988, the first Wal-Mart Supercenter was opened in Washington, Missouri. The supercenter concept features everything contained in an average Walmart discount store, in addition to a tire and oil change shop, optical center, one-hour photo processing lab, portrait studio, and numerous alcove shops such as banks, cellular telephone stores, hair and nail salons, video rental stores, and fast food outlets.

text: By 1988, Wal-Mart was the most profitable retailer in the United States,[7] though it did not outsell K-Mart and Sears in terms of value of items purchased until late 1990 or early 1991.

text: By 1988, Walmart was operating in 27 states, having expanded into Arizona, Michigan, Ohio, West Virginia, New Jersey, and Wyoming. By 1990, they expanded into California (which marked Walmart officially becoming a fully nationwide retailer), Nevada, North Dakota, Pennsylvania, South Dakota, and Utah. The Walmart Visitor's Center also opened this year on the site of Sam Walton's original store.

text: The 1990s saw an era of furious growth on an unprecedented scale and the incorporation of several new ideas and technology into the business.

text: In 1990, US sales had quadrupled to $32 billion over the previous five years [4] and Walmart acquired The McLane Company, a food service distributor,[8] which was later sold to Berkshire Hathaway in 2003.[9]

text: In 1991, the company expanded into Connecticut, Delaware, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, and New York. Walmart expanded worldwide this year, with the opening of their first store outside the United States in Mexico City. They also acquired Western Merchandisers, Inc. of Amarillo, Texas. 1991 also saw the launch of the Sam's American Choice brand of products.

text: On March 17, 1992 US President George H. W. Bush presented Sam Walton with the Presidential Medal of Freedom. Walton died on April 5, 1992. His eldest son, S. Robson Walton, succeeded him as Chairman of the corporate board of directors, on April 7, 1992. This year, Walmart had a presence in 45 states which by this time expanded into Idaho, Montana, and Oregon, as well as Puerto Rico.

text: In 1993, the Walmart International Division was formed with Bobby Martin as its president. The company also expanded into Alaska, Hawaii, Rhode Island and Washington. Their stores also achieve the billion-dollar sales mark in one week in December 1993.

text: In 1994, the National Advertising Review Board challenged the Walmart slogan, "Always the low price. Always," contending that it implied that Walmart's prices were always the lowest and could mislead some shoppers. In response, Walmart adopted a new slogan, "Always low prices. Always."[10]

text: Also in 1994, the Code Adam program was instituted in Walmart stores. That same year, Walmart acquired 91 PACE Membership Warehouse clubs from Kmart and 122 Woolco stores in Canada in 1994. In addition, it opened 3 value clubs in Hong Kong, and had 96 stores in Mexico.

text: By 1995, Walmart had 1,995 discount stores, 239 Supercenters, 433 SAM'S CLUBS and 276 international stores with sales at $93.6 billion (including US sales of $78 billion) and 675,000 associates. Walmart expanded into its final state (Vermont), and also expanded into South America, with three new units in Argentina and five in Brazil.

text: The company entered the Chinese market in 1996 through a joint-venture agreement. IN 1996 WalMart opened in Fairbanks Alaska, soon after the Sam's Club of Fairbanks opened. In 1997, Walmart replaced Woolworth on the Dow Jones Industrial Average. The company had its first $100 billion sales year, with sales totaling $118.1 billion. Also this year, they acquired 21 Wertkauf stores in Germany, and introduced their OneSource nutrition centers.

text: In 1998, Walmart introduced the Neighborhood Market concept at three stores in Arkansas. Neighborhood Market stores are predominantly grocery stores, and are intended to attract customers with easier parking, less crowded aisles, and quicker checkout compared to an average grocery store. Internationally Walmart enters South Korea by acquiring 4 stores operated by Korea Makro.

text: Also in 1998, Walmart launched its Wal-Mart Television Network, a vast, in-store advertising network showing commercials for products sold in the stores, concert clips and music videos for a recording artist's media, trailers for upcoming movie releases, and news.

text: The Asda chain in the United Kingdom became a subsidiary in 1999, and is the second largest chain in the UK after Tesco.

text: 21st century[edit]

text: In 2000, Lee Scott was named president and CEO and US sales had doubled to $156 billion since 1995. That same year, Walmart was ranked fifth by Fortune magazine on its Global Most Admired All-Stars list and in 2003 and 2004, it was named as the most admired company in America.

text: In 2002, Walmart entered the Japanese market by acquiring a minor stake in Seiyu Group, who would become a wholly owned subsidiary of Walmart by 2008.

text: In 2005, Walmart had $312.4 billion in sales, more than 6,200 facilities around the world, including 3,800 stores in the United States and 3,800 international units, and more than 1.6 million associates employed worldwide. Their US presence had grown so rapidly that there were only small pockets of the country that remained further than 60 miles away from the nearest Walmart.[11] Approximately 138 million customers visited Walmart stores each week all over the world. Their corporate philanthropy efforts also assisted the US hurricane relief efforts with $18 million in cash donations. Through a purchase of stock in Central American Retail Holding Company (CARHCO), Walmart also entered the countries of Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Costa Rica.

text: On 22 May 2006, Walmart announced the sale of its 16 stores in South Korea to Shinsegae Co, which rebranded the stores to E-Mart. Then on 26 July 2006 Walmart announced a complete pull-out from the German market; all existing 85 stores were sold to the Metro Group, which rebranded most of them to Real (hypermarket).

text: On September 12, 2007, for the first time in 13 years, Walmart introduced new advertising with the slogan, "Save Money Live Better," instead of "Always Low Prices, Always." It commissioned Global Insight for the ads and the report stated that as of 2006, the retailer saves American families $2,500 yearly (up 7.3% from $2,329, 2004). The new research found that the reduction in price levels due to Walmart resulted to savings for consumers of $287 billion in 2006, equivalent to $957 per person and $2,500 per household.

text: On June 30, 2008, Walmart unveiled the company's new logo, which stylized the name as "Walmart". A spark, a symbol chosen to represent Walmart associates, replaces the star. In early 2009, Walmart entered Chile by acquiring Distribucion y Servicio D&S SA. In May 2009 Walmart entered into a 50/50 partnership with Bharti to gain access to the Indian market.

text: On February 22, 2010, the company confirmed it was acquiring the video streaming company Vudu, Inc. for an estimated $100 million.[12]

text: In June 2011, Walmart acquired 51% of Massmart Holdings. This acquisition gives the company access to the African countries of: South Africa, Botswana, Ghana, Lesotho, Malawi, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Swaziland, Tanzania, Uganda and Zambia.

text: The Massmart acquisition received final governmental approval in early 2012. The single store Mauritius was closed in January 2012.

text: In June 2014, Walmart employees went on strike in several major cities in the United States.[13]

text: New ventures[edit]

text: In late 2005, Walmart designed two experimental stores, one in McKinney, Texas and the other in Aurora, Colorado, which featured wind turbines, photovoltaic solar panels, biofuel-capable boilers, water-cooled refrigerators, and xeriscape gardens.[14]

text: In March 2006, Walmart sought to appeal to a more affluent demographic, with the opening of a new supercenter in Plano, Texas at the corner of Park Blvd. and the Dallas North Tollway which was intended to compete against stores that some viewed as more upscale and appealing.[15] The new store features wooden floors, wider aisles, a sushi bar, a coffee/sandwich shop (with free Wi-Fi Internet access), a Subway, and higher-end items such as microbrew beer, expensive wines, and high-end electronics. The exterior sports the less-common hunter green background behind the Walmart letters instead of the trademark blue.

text: In response to the popularity of organic food supermarkets, such as Whole Foods and Wild Oats, Walmart announced plans in May 2006, to increase the amount of organic food available in its stores.[16] They announced that both conventionally grown and organic versions of certain products would be available, and the price of organic versions would not be more than 10% over the price of conventionally grown products.[16] Since Walmart is one of the nation's largest grocery retailers, there was some concern expressed that their push to lower prices would not be sustainable for inexpensive organic food.[17]

text: Legal trouble[edit]

text: Over the last decade or so Walmart has become involved in numerous lawsuits for a variety of reasons. The majority of the suits are class action lawsuits in which employees are suing for unpaid wages.[18] They have also run into numerous discrimination cases in which employees are suing for being profiled out of money or out of jobs. For example, there were two separate cases, one in 2004 and one in 2005, in which black employees were suing two different Walmarts for denying them jobs based on race.[19] These became so popular that the reverend Jesse Jackson intervened and spoke during both of the proceedings. There are also many lawsuits in which women are suing Wal-Mart for discriminating against them. In one article written in 2004 USA today mentioned 32 different lawsuits that involved women suing Walmart. But still Walmart has prevailed.[20] All of this has not had any effects on Walmart financially however, according to Fortune 500, Walmart still had $351 billion in revenue ($11 billion in profit) in 2007, a new high for the corporation.[21]

text: On December 3, 2008, the family of Walmart service worker Jdimytai Damour, who was killed by a stampede of shoppers frantically entering a Walmart store in Valley Stream, New York on Black Friday (November 28),[22] filed a wrongful death lawsuit against the corporation; Damour's family alleged Walmart of encouraging a mass number of customers to come to the store simultaneously.[23][24] In addition, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration cited Walmart for "...inadequate crowd management following the Nov. 28, 2008, death of an employee at its Valley Stream, New York, store. The worker died of asphyxiation after being knocked to the ground and trampled by a crowd of about 2,000 shoppers who surged into the store for its annual 'Blitz Friday' pre-holiday sales event." [25] The company went on to spend an estimated $2 million in legal fees fighting OSHA's $7,000 fine, because it apparently wished to prevent OSHA from establishing a precedent that would enable OSHA to influence Walmart's crowd control measures in the future.[26]

text: Countries of operation[edit]

text: As of October 2009, Walmart stores operate in Argentina, Brazil, Canada, Chile, China, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, India, Japan, Mexico, Nicaragua, Puerto Rico, the United Kingdom, and the United States.[27]


document_title: The Man Who Shot Liberty Valance

question_text: who played the marshal in the man who shot liberty valance

root

text: The Man Who Shot Liberty Valance

text: Plot summary[edit]

text: Senator Ranse Stoddard and his wife Hallie arrive in Shinbone, a frontier town in an unnamed western state, to attend the funeral of Tom Doniphon. As they pay their respects, reporters ask Stoddard why a United States Senator would make the long journey from Washington to attend the funeral of a local rancher.

tag: p

text: The story flashes back 25 years; Stoddard is a young, idealistic attorney. His stagecoach is robbed by Liberty Valance and his gang. When Stoddard tries to take Valance to task, Stoddard is brutally whipped and left for dead. Doniphon finds him and takes him into the town of Shinbone; Hallie and other townspeople tend to his injuries, and explain that Valance victimizes Shinbone residents with impunity. Marshal Link Appleyard lacks the courage and gunfighting skills to challenge him. Doniphon (who is courting Hallie) is the only man willing to stand up to him.

text: Stoddard opens a law practice in Shinbone, inviting retribution from Valance, who cannot abide challenges to his "authority." Force, Doniphon explains, is the only thing Valance understands; but Stoddard advocates justice under the law, not brute force. He earns the town's respect by refusing to knuckle under to Valance, and by founding a school to teach reading and writing to illiterate townspeople – including Hallie. Hallie discovers Stoddard is practicing with a gun, and fretfully tells Doniphon, which raises his suspicions about their relationship.

text: When Doniphon notices that Stoddard is trying to teach himself to use a revolver, he offers the inexperienced Stoddard a lesson in marksmanship. During target practice Doniphon effortlessly shoots three paint cans; the final one showers Stoddard with white paint, ruining his suit. Tom explains that this is the sort of trickery that he can expect from Valance. Infuriated, Stoddard punches him in the jaw and leaves.

text: Shinbone's residents meet to elect two delegates for a statehood convention at the territorial capital. Doniphon nominates Stoddard, because he "knows the law, and throws a mean punch." Stoddard explains that statehood will improve infrastructure, safety, and education. The cattle barons oppose statehood, and hire Valance to sabotage the effort, but Stoddard defies him again. The townspeople elect Stoddard and Dutton Peabody, publisher of the local newspaper; Valance challenges Stoddard to a gunfight. Doniphon advises Stoddard to leave town, but Stoddard believes in the rule of law, and is willing to risk his life for his principles.

text: That evening, Valance and his gang catch the drunken Peabody, beat him nearly to death and ransack his office. Stoddard goes into the street to face Valance. Valance toys with Stoddard, shooting his arm and laughing at him. The next bullet, he says, will be "right between the eyes"; but Stoddard fires first, and to everyone's shock, Valance falls dead. Doniphon watches Hallie care for Stoddard's wounds, then heads for the saloon. At his homestead, in a drunken rage, he sets fire to the addition that he has just finished in anticipation of asking Hallie to marry him. His African American ranch hand, Pompey, rescues him, but the house is destroyed.

text: At the statehood convention, Peabody nominates Stoddard as the territory's delegate to Washington, D.C., but his "unstatesmanlike" conduct is challenged by a rival candidate. Stoddard decides that he cannot be entrusted with public service after killing a man in a gunfight. Doniphon takes him aside and, in an inception flashback, confides that he, Doniphon, actually killed Valance from an alley across the street, firing at the same time as Stoddard. Reinspired, Stoddard returns to the convention, accepts the nomination, and is elected to the Washington delegation.

text: The original flashback ends; Stoddard fills in the intervening years. He married Hallie, and then, on the strength of his reputation as "the man who shot Liberty Valance", became the new state's first governor. He then served as U.S. Senator and United States Ambassador to the United Kingdom before returning to the Senate, and now there is talk of a vice presidential nomination. The reporter realizes that Stoddard's entire reputation is based on a myth; but after reflection, he throws his interview notes into the fire. "This is the West, sir," he explains. "When the legend becomes fact, print the legend."

text: On the train back to Washington, Stoddard informs Hallie, to her delight, that he wants to retire from politics and practice law in Shinbone. When he tells the train conductor that he will write to railroad officials, thanking them for their many courtesies, the conductor replies, "Nothing's too good for the man who shot Liberty Valance!"

text: Cast[edit]

text:
John Wayne as Tom Doniphon
James Stewart as Ransom "Ranse" Stoddard
Vera Miles as Hallie Stoddard
Lee Marvin as Liberty Valance
Edmond O'Brien as Dutton Peabody
Andy Devine as Marshal Link Appleyard
Ken Murray as Doc Willoughby

John Carradine as Maj. Cassius Starbuckle
Jeanette Nolan as Nora Ericson
John Qualen as Peter Ericson
Willis Bouchey as Jason Tully (conductor)
Carleton Young as Maxwell Scott
Woody Strode as Pompey
Denver Pyle as Amos Carruthers

Strother Martin as Floyd
Lee Van Cleef as Reese
Robert F. Simon as Handy Strong
O. Z. Whitehead as Herbert Carruthers
Paul Birch as Mayor Winder
Joseph Hoover as Charlie Hasbrouck (reporter for The Star)
Shug Fisher as Kaintuck

tag: table

text: Production[edit]

text: In contrast to prior John Ford westerns, such as The Searchers and She Wore a Yellow Ribbon, Liberty Valance was shot in black and white on Paramount's sound stages. Multiple stories and speculations exist to explain this decision. Ford claimed to prefer the black and white medium over color: "In black and white, you've got to be very careful. You've got to know your job, lay your shadows in properly, get your perspective right, but in color, there it is," he said. "You might say I'm old fashioned, but black and white is real photography."[2] Ford also reportedly argued that the climactic shoot-out between Valance and Stoddard would not have worked in color.[3] Others have interpreted the absence of the magnificent outdoor vistas so prevalent in earlier Ford westerns as "a fundamental reimagining [by Ford] of his mythic West" – a grittier, less romantic, more realistic portrayal of frontier life.[4] A more pragmatic interpretation cites the fact that Wayne and Stewart – two of Hollywood's biggest stars, working together for the first time – were considerably older (54 and 53, respectively) than the characters they were playing. Filming in black and white helped ease the suspension of disbelief necessary to accept that disparity.[5] According to cinematographer William H. Clothier, however, "There was one reason and one reason only ... Paramount was cutting costs. Otherwise we would have been in Monument Valley or Brackettville and we would have had color stock. Ford had to accept those terms or not make the film."[6]

text: Another condition imposed by the studio, according to Van Cleef, was that Wayne be cast as Doniphon. Ford resented the studio's intrusion, and retaliated by taunting Wayne relentlessly throughout the filming. "He didn't want Duke [Wayne] to think he was doing him any favors," Van Cleef said.[7] Strode recounted that Ford "kept needling Duke about his failure to make it as a football player", comparing him to Strode (a former NFL running back), whom he pronounced "a real football player". (Wayne's football career at USC had been curtailed by injuries.) He also ridiculed Wayne for failing to enlist during World War II, during which Ford filmed a series of widely praised combat documentaries for the Office of Strategic Services, and was wounded at the Battle of Midway,[8] and Stewart served with distinction as a bomber pilot. "How rich did you get while Jimmy was risking his life?" he demanded. Wayne's avoidance of wartime service was a major source of guilt for him in his later years.[9]

text: Stewart related that midway through filming, Wayne asked him why he, Stewart, never seemed to be the target of Ford's venomous remarks. Other cast- and crew-members also noticed Stewart's apparent immunity from Ford's abuse. Then, toward the end of filming, Ford asked Stewart what he thought of Strode's costume for the film's beginning and end, when the actors were playing their parts 25 years older. Stewart replied, "It looks a bit Uncle Remussy to me." Ford responded, "What's wrong with Uncle Remus?" He called for the crew's attention and announced, "One of our players doesn't like Woody's costume. Now, I don't know if Mr. Stewart has a prejudice against Negroes, but I just wanted you all to know about it." Stewart said he "wanted to crawl into a mouse hole"; but Wayne told him, "Well, welcome to the club. I'm glad you made it."[7][10]

text: Ford's behavior "...really pissed Wayne off," Strode said, "but he would never take it out on Ford," the man largely responsible for his rise to stardom. "He ended up taking it out on me." While filming an exterior shot on a horse-drawn cart, Wayne almost lost control of the horses, and knocked Strode away when he attempted to help. When the horses did stop, Wayne tried to pick a fight with the younger and fitter Strode; Ford called out, "Don't hit him, Woody, we need him." Wayne later told Strode, "We gotta work together. We both gotta be professionals." Strode blamed Ford for nearly all the friction on the set. "What a miserable film to make," he added.[11]

text: Stewart received top billing over Wayne on promotional posters, but in the film itself Wayne's screen card appears first. The studio also specified that Wayne's name appear before Stewart's on theatre marquees, reportedly at Ford's request.[12] "Wayne actually played the lead," Ford said, to Peter Bogdanovich. "Jimmy Stewart had most of the sides [sequences with dialogue], but Wayne was the central character, the motivation for the whole thing."[13]

text: Music[edit]

text: The film's music score was composed by Cyril J. Mockridge; but in scenes involving Hallie's relationships with Doniphon and Stoddard, Ford reprised Alfred Newman's "Ann Rutledge Theme", from Young Mr. Lincoln. He told Bogdanovich that he used the theme in both films to evoke repressed desire and lost love.[14] The film scholar Kathryn Kalinak notes that Ann Rutledge's theme "encodes longing" and "fleshes out the failed love affair between Hallie and Tom Doniphon, the growing love between Hallie and Ranse Stoddard, and the traumatic loss experienced by Hallie over her choice of one over the other, none of which is clearly articulated by dialogue."[15]

text: The Burt Bacharach-Hal David song "(The Man Who Shot) Liberty Valance" became a Top 10 hit for Gene Pitney. Though based upon the movie's plotline, it was not used in the film. Pitney said in an interview that he was in the studio about to record the song when "... Bacharach informed us that the film just came out." Regardless, the song went to No. 4.[16] Jimmie Rodgers also recorded the song, in the Gene Pitney style. James Taylor covered it on his 1985 album That's Why I'm Here, as did The Royal Guardsmen on their 1967 album Snoopy vs. the Red Baron. It was also covered by the Australian rock band Regurgitator on its 1998 David/Bacharach tribute album To Hal and Bacharach. Members of the Western Writers of America chose it as one of the top 100 Western songs of all time.[17]

text: Reception[edit]

text: Liberty Valance was released in April 1962, and achieved both financial and critical success. Produced for $3.2 million, it grossed $8 million,[1] making it the 16th highest-grossing film of 1962. Edith Head's costumes were nominated for an Academy Award for Best Costume Design (black-and-white), one of the few westerns ever nominated in that category.[18] The film is considered one of Ford's best[19] and, in one poll, ranked with The Searchers and The Shootist as one of Wayne's best westerns.[20]

text: Roger Ebert wrote that each of the ten Ford/Wayne westerns is "... complete and self-contained in a way that approaches perfection", and singled out Liberty Valance as "the most pensive and thoughtful" of the group.[21] Director Sergio Leone (Once Upon a Time in the West, The Good, the Bad and the Ugly) listed Ford as a major influence on his work, and Liberty Valance as his favorite Ford film. "It was the only film," he said, "where [Ford] learned about something called pessimism."[22]

text: In a retrospective analysis, The New York Times called Liberty Valance "...one of the great Western classics," because "it questions the role of myth in forging the legends of the West, while setting this theme in the elegiac atmosphere of the West itself, set off by the aging Stewart and Wayne."[23] The New Yorker's Richard Brody described it as "the greatest American political movie", because of its depictions of a free press, town meetings, statehood debates, and the "civilizing influence" of education in frontier America.[21]

text: The film is recognized by American Film Institute in these lists:

text:
2003: AFI's 100 Years...100 Heroes & Villains:

Tom Doniphon – Nominated Hero[24]

2005: AFI's 100 Years...100 Movie Quotes:

Maxwell Scott: "This is the West, sir. When the legend becomes fact, print the legend." – Nominated[25]

2008: AFI's 10 Top 10:

Nominated Western Film[26]

tag: ul


document_title: Love Live!

question_text: when does love live all stars come out

question_tokens: when does love live all stars come out

text: Love Live!

text: Plot[edit]

text: Honoka Kōsaka is a girl who attends Otonokizaka Academy (国立音ノ木坂学院, Otonokizaka Gakuin). When the school is scheduled to be closed due to a lack of applicants, Honoka becomes determined to save it. Honoka goes to UTX, where her little sister planned to go for high school, and sees a crowd watching a music video of A-Rise, UTX's school idol group. Learning that school idols are popular, Honoka and her friends follow A-Rise's footsteps and start their own school idol group called μ's (ミューズ, Myūzu, pronounced "muse") to attract new students. Once they successfully prevent Otonokizaka Academy from closing, the girls from μ's set their sights higher. They participate in Love Live, the ultimate school idol competition featuring the best groups in the country. Despite winning the competition, the girls from μ's disband soon after for their own personal reasons.

text: Characters[edit]

text: Where appropriate, plot descriptions mentioned below refer to the anime television series. Other parts of the franchise, such as the manga and novel series, feature some variations in the storyline.

text: μ's[edit]

text: Others[edit]

text:
Yukiho Kōsaka (高坂 雪穂, Kōsaka Yukiho) is Honoka's younger sister who often does embarrassing things in private. Voiced by: Nao Tōyama (Japanese); Christine Marie Cabanos[13] (English)
Alisa Ayase (絢瀬 亜里沙, Ayase Arisa) is Eli's younger sister who is a big fan of μ's. Having mostly lived abroad due to her being part-Russian, she is unfamiliar with many Japanese customs. Like her sister, she tends to say the Russian word "хорошо" which means good. Voiced by: Ayane Sakura (Japanese); Brianna Knickerbocker (English)
Tsubasa Kira (綺羅 ツバサ, Kira Tsubasa) is the leader of rival group A-Rise and is a student at UTX High School. Voiced by: Megu Sakuragawa (Japanese); Cassandra Morris[14] (English)
Erena Toudou (統堂 英玲奈, Tōdō Erena) is a member of A-Rise with a more adult look than the others and is a student at UTX High School. Voiced by: Maho Matsunaga (Japanese); Erika Harlacher[15] (English)
Anju Yuuki (優木 あんじゅ, Yūki Anju) is a member of A-Rise with a princess-like demeanor and is a student at UTX High School. Voiced by: Ayuru Ōhashi (Japanese); Corina Boettger[16] (English)

text: Production[edit]

text: Since the first issue of ASCII Media Works' Dengeki G's Magazine was published, the editors of the magazine have hosted reader participation games whose development is directly influenced by the people who read the magazine. The project was first announced in the July 2010 issue of Dengeki G's Magazine, which revealed that the magazine would be collaborating with the anime studio Sunrise and the music label Lantis to co-produce the project.[17] The project officially began with the August 2010 issue of Dengeki G's Magazine, which introduced the story, characters, and a more detailed explanation of the project. The original plan for the story was written by Sakurako Kimino, who also writes the short stories for Love Live! featured in Dengeki G's Magazine. Original character design and illustrations are provided by Yūhei Murota.

text: Starting in August 2010, online mobile phone popularity contests have periodically been held to rank the characters, which influences the positions of the idols in the anime music videos produced by Sunrise. For example, the idol who ranks first in a given contest will be in the center position in the front row in the music video that follows. Other polls are used to determine different aspects of the idols, such as hairstyles and costumes.[18] Starting with the November 2010 issue of Dengeki G's Magazine, readers were polled to determine the name of the idols' group. After the editors narrowed it down to the five most popular names, readers were polled for a final time, ultimately choosing the name μ's. A similar polling system was used to determine the names of the three subunits: Printemps, BiBi and Lily White.

text: Media[edit]

text: Print media[edit]

text: A manga adaptation titled Love Live!, written by Sakurako Kimino and illustrated by Arumi Tokita, began serialization in the January 2012 issue of Dengeki G's Magazine. The manga ended serialization in the magazine's May 2014 issue and was transferred to Dengeki G's Comic starting with the June 2014 issue.[19] The first tankōbon volume was released on September 27, 2012,[20] and three volumes have been released as of May 27, 2014.[21] The second manga titled Love Live! School Idol Diary, written by Kimino and illustrated by Masaru Oda, began serialization in the June 2014 issue of Dengeki G's Comic.[19] The first volume of School Idol Diary was released on September 26, 2014.[22]

text: A light novel series titled Love Live! School Idol Diary is written by Kimino and contains illustrations by Yūhei Murota, Natsu Otono and Akame Kiyose. ASCII Media Works published 11 volumes between May 30, 2013 and August 29, 2014.[23] A fan book titled History of Love Live! was released on September 10, 2014, which features the Love Live! articles published between the July 2010 and February 2013 issues of Dengeki G's Magazine.[24]

text: Anime[edit]

text: A 13-episode anime television series produced by Sunrise, directed by Takahiko Kyōgoku, and written by Jukki Hanada aired in Japan on Tokyo MX between January 6 and March 31, 2013 and was simulcast by Crunchyroll.[25] The opening theme is "Bokura wa Ima no Naka de" (僕らは今のなかで, lit. "We're Living in the Moment") and the ending theme is "Kitto Seishun ga Kikoeru" (きっと青春が聞こえる, lit. "Surely Our Youth Can Be Heard"); both are performed by μ's (Emi Nitta, Aya Uchida, Suzuko Mimori, Yoshino Nanjō, Pile, Riho Iida, Aina Kusuda, Yurika Kubo and Sora Tokui). An original video animation episode was released on November 27, 2013.[26] A second season aired on Tokyo MX between April 6 and June 29, 2014, also airing on TV Aichi, Yomiuri TV, and BS11,[27] and was simulcast by Crunchyroll. The opening theme is "Sore wa Bokutachi no Kiseki" (それは僕たちの奇跡, lit. "That Is Our Miracle") and the ending theme is "Donna Toki mo Zutto" (どんなときもずっと, lit. "Always No Matter What"); both are performed by μ's. An animated film titled Love Live! The School Idol Movie was released in theaters on June 13, 2015.[28] It was released on Blu-ray in Japan on December 15, 2015.

text: Both anime series and film are licensed in North America by NIS America, who released the premium edition of the first season on Blu-ray on September 2, 2014[29] and an English dubbed version was released with the standard edition of the first season, along with the premium edition of the second season, on February 14, 2016, as well as the standard edition of the second season on April 12, 2016.[30][31][32][33][34] The series also began airing on Mnet America from February 5, 2016.[3] The film was released in North America by NIS America on June 28, 2016 in a premium edition, and July 26, 2016 in a standard edition, both with an English dub.[35] MVM Entertainment released the first series in the United Kingdom on July 27, 2015 on DVD, with plans to release it on Blu-ray Disc in 2016 with an English dub.[36] MVM Entertainment will also release the second series in 2016.[37] Madman Entertainment released the first season in Australia and New Zealand on June 10, 2015 on DVD.[38]

text: Video games[edit]

text: A free game titled Love Live! School Idol Festival as developed by KLab and released by Bushiroad for iOS devices in Japan on April 15, 2013.[39] The game is a collectible card game with elements of rhythm game and visual novel genres. A version for Android was also released. The game was localized into English and released worldwide on May 11, 2014 for both iOS and Android devices,[40] and also received localizations available in China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, and South Korea.[41] At the end of September 2016, the English version of the game added Korean support due to merging between the two servers.[42] An updated version of the game titled Love Live! School Idol Festival All Stars, which will also feature members of Aqours, will be released in 2018.[43]

text: A series of three rhythm-action video games developed by Dingo Inc.,[44] titled Love Live! School Idol Paradise, were released on August 28, 2014 for the PlayStation Vita.[45] The three games were released as Vol. 1 Printemps, Vol.2 BiBi and Vol.3 Lily White. These games sold 88,169 physical retail copies altogether within the first week of release in Japan.[46]

text: Rin Hoshizora became the new face of the Puyo Puyo games in 2015 as part of a campaign by Sega to market the popularity of the anime by giving her a place on all of their current franchises.[47]

text: Music[edit]

text: Aside from individual and duet singles, the nine idols of μ's are divided into three mini units with their own singles themselves: Printemps (Honoka, Kotori, and Hanayo), BiBi (Eli, Maki, and Nico), and Lily White (Umi, Rin, and Nozomi).[48] Five of μ's' singles include an anime music video.

text:
Singles

Title
Artist(s)
Release date
Peak Oricon
chart positions
Certifications
(sales thresholds)
Notes

"Bokura no Live Kimi to no Life" (僕らのLIVE 君とのLIFE, Our Live, Life with You)
μ's
August 25, 2010
167[49]

μ's' first single

"Snow Halation"
December 22, 2010
74[50]
μ's' second single

"Love Marginal"
Printemps
May 25, 2011
85[51]
Printemps' first single

"Diamond Princess no Yūutsu" (ダイヤモンドプリンセスの憂鬱, The Diamond Princess's Melancholy)
BiBi
June 22, 2011
79[52]
BiBi's first single

"Shiranai Love*Oshiete Love" (知らないLove*教えてLove, I don't know Love*Teach me Love)
Lily White
July 27, 2011
81[53]
Lily White's first single

"Natsuiro Egao de 1, 2, Jump!" (夏色えがおで1,2,Jump!, Summer-colored Smile 1, 2, Jump!)
μ's
August 24, 2011
62[54]
μ's' third single

"Mogyutto 'love' de Sekkinchū!" (もぎゅっと"love"で接近中!, A Tight Love is Approaching!)
February 15, 2012
31[55]
μ's' fourth single

"Mermaid Festa Vol. 2 (Passionate)"
Honoka Kōsaka (Emi Nitta) and Rin Hoshizora (Riho Iida)
April 25, 2012
57[56]
Duo singles

"Otome Shiki Ren'ai Juku" (乙女式れんあい塾, Maiden's Love Formula Lesson)
Nico Yazawa (Sora Tokui) and Nozomi Tojo (Aina Kusuda)
May 23, 2012
64[57]

"Kokuhaku Biyori, desu!" (告白日和、です!, A Good Day for a Confession!)
Kotori Minami (Aya Uchida) and Hanayo Koizumi (Yurika Kubo)
June 27, 2012
43[58]

"Soldier Game"
Maki Nishikino (Pile), Umi Sonoda (Suzuko Mimori) and Eli Ayase (Yoshino Nanjō)
July 25, 2012
38[59]
Trio single

"Wonderful Rush"
μ's
September 5, 2012
30[60]
μ's' fifth single

"Bokura wa Ima no Naka de" (僕らは今のなかで, We're all Living in this Moment)
January 23, 2013
12[61]
Opening theme of the first season of the Love Live! School Idol Project anime

"Kitto Seishun ga Kikoeru" (きっと青春が聞こえる, You'll Surely Hear Our Youth)
February 6, 2013
8[62]
Ending theme of the first season of the Love Live! School Idol Project anime

"Susume→Tomorrow" (ススメ→トゥモロウ, Advance→Tomorrow) / "Start:Dash!!"
Honoka Kōsaka (Emi Nitta), Kotori Minami (Aya Uchida) and Umi Sonoda (Suzuko Mimori)
February 20, 2013
11[63]
Insert songs from the first season of the Love Live! School Idol Project anime

"Korekara no Someday" (これからのSomeday, Someday in the Future) / "Wonder Zone"
Honoka Kōsaka (Emi Nitta), Kotori Minami (Aya Uchida), Umi Sonoda (Suzuko Mimori), Rin Hoshizora (Riho Iida), Maki Nishikino (Pile), Hanayo Koizumi (Yurika Kubo) and Nico Yazawa (Sora Tokui) / μ's
March 6, 2013
7[64]

"No Brand Girls" / "Start:Dash!!"
μ's
April 3, 2013
5[65]

"Binetsu kara Mystery" (微熱からMystery, Mystery from Slight Fever)
Lily White
June 26, 2013
4[66]
Lily White's second single

"Cutie Panther"
BiBi
July 24, 2013
8[67]
BiBi's second single

"Pure Girls Project"
Printemps
August 21, 2013
10[68]
Printemps' second single

"Music S.T.A.R.T!!"
μ's
November 27, 2013
5[69]
μ's' sixth single

"Takaramonozu" (タカラモノズ, Treasures) / "Paradise Live"
January 29, 2014
4[70]
JP: Gold[71]
Special single to celebrate 1 million downloads of Love Live! School Idol Festival in Japan

"Sore wa Bokutachi no Kiseki" (それは僕たちの奇跡, That's Our Miracle)
April 23, 2014
3[72]
JP: Gold[73]
Opening theme of the second season of the Love Live! School Idol Project anime

"Donna Toki mo Zutto" (どんなときもずっと, Always No Matter What)
May 8, 2014
2[74]

Ending theme of the second season of the Love Live! School Idol Project anime

"Yume no Tobira" (ユメノトビラ, The Door of Dreams)
May 28, 2014
3[75]
Insert songs from the second season of the Love Live! School Idol Project anime

"Love Wing Bell" / "Dancing Stars on Me!"
Rin Hoshizora (Riho Iida), Maki Nishikino (Pile), Hanayo Koizumi (Yurika Kubo), Eli Ayase (Yoshino Nanjō), Nozomi Tojo (Aina Kusuda) and Nico Yazawa (Sora Tokui) / μ's
June 11, 2014
3[76]

"KiRa-KiRa Sensation!" / "Happy Maker!"
µ's
July 9, 2014
3[77]

"Shangri-La Shower"
October 1, 2014
5[78]
Love Live! School Idol Paradise exclusive song

"Eien Friends" (永遠フレンズ, Forever Friends)
Printemps
November 12, 2014
6[79]
Printemps' third single, in collaboration with Love Live! School Idol Festival as celebration for reaching 3 million downloads in Japan[80][81]

"Aki no Anata no Sora Tōku" (秋のあなたの空遠く, Your Distant Autumn Sky)
Lily White
November 26, 2014
3[82]
Lily White's third single, in collaboration with Love Live! School Idol Festival as celebration for reaching 3 million downloads in Japan[81][83]

"Fuyu ga Kureta Yokan" (冬がくれた予感, The Premonition that Winter Gave Me)
BiBi
December 24, 2014
2[84]
JP: Gold[85]
BiBi's third single, in collaboration with Love Live! School Idol Festival as celebration for reaching 3 million downloads in Japan[81][86]

"CheerDay CheerGirl!"
Printemps
December 25, 2014
—

Released as bonus CDs for those who bought the Love Live! season 2 Blu-ray Discs from Gamers, Animate, and Softmap, respectively

"Onaji Hoshi ga Mitai" (同じ星が見たい, I Want To See the Same Stars)
Lily White

"Silent Tonight"
BiBi

"Mi wa μ'sic no Mi" (ミはμ'sicのミ, M is for μ'sic)
μ's
April 22, 2015
5[87]
Collaboration single with Dengeki G's Magazine

"Saitei de Saikō no Paradisio" (最低で最高のParadiso, The Best and Worst Paradiso)
BiBi
May 23, 2015
—
Lottery prize during Love Live! The School Idol Movie

"Otohime Heart de Love Kyūden" (乙姫心で恋宮殿, Otome Hāto de Rabu Kyūden, A Palace of Love in the Young Princess' Heart)
Lily White

"Museum de Dō Shitai" (MUSEUMでどうしたい, What Would You Like to Do At the Museum?)
Printemps

"Angelic Angel" / "Hello, Hoshi o Kazoete" (Hello,星を数えて, Hello, Count the Stars)
μ's / Maki Nishikino (Pile), Hanayo Koizumi (Yurika Kubo) and Rin Hoshizora (Riho Iida)
July 1, 2015
2[88]
Songs from Love Live! The School Idol Movie

"Sunny Day Song" / "?←Heartbeat"
μ's / Nico Yazawa (Sora Tokui), Eli Ayase (Yoshino Nanjo) and Nozomi Tojo (Aina Kusuda)
July 8, 2015
2[89]

"Bokutachi wa Hitotsu no Hikari" (僕たちはひとつの光, We Are a Single Light) / "Future Style"
μ's / Honoka Kousaka (Emi Nitta), Umi Sonada (Suzuko Mimori) and Kotori Minami (Aya Uchida)
July 15, 2015
2[90]

"Heart to Heart!"
μ's
October 28, 2015
3[91]
Special songs for Love Live! School Idol Festival

"Wao-Wao Powerful Day!"
Printemps
November 25, 2015
3[92]

"Omoide Ijō ni Naritakute" (思い出以上になりたくて, I Want It to Be More Than Just a Memory)
Lily White
December 23, 2015
3[93]

"Sakkaku Crossroads" (錯覚CROSSROADS, Illusionary Crossroads)
BiBi
January 20, 2016
2[94]
JP: Gold[95]

"Moment Ring"
μ's
March 2, 2016
2[96]

μ's' final single

"—" denotes releases that were ineligible to chart.

text:
Original song CDs

BD volume
Title
Artist
Release date

Season 1

1
"Yume Naki Yume wa Yume Janai" (夢なき夢は夢じゃない, A Dream Without a Dream is Not a Dream)
Honoka Kōsaka (Emi Nitta)
March 22, 2013

2
"Anemone Heart"
Kotori Minami (Aya Uchida) and Umi Sonoda (Suzuko Mimori)
April 24, 2013

3
"Nawatobi!" (なわとび!, Jumping Rope)
Hanayo Koizumi (Yurika Kubo)
May 28, 2013

4
"Beat in Angel"
Rin Hoshizora (Riho Iida) and Maki Nishikino (Pile)
June 21, 2013

5
"Nico Puri♡Joshi Dō" (にこぷり♡女子道, Nico Puri♡Girl's Path)
Nico Yazawa (Sora Tokui)
July 26, 2013

6
"Garasu no Hanazono" (硝子の花園, Garden of Glass)
Eli Ayase (Yoshino Nanjō) and Nozomi Tojo (Aina Kusuda)
August 28, 2013

7
"Loneliest Baby"
µ's
September 25, 2013

Season 2

1
"Shiawase Iki no Smiling!" (シアワセ行きのSMILING!, The Smiling Towards Happiness!)
Honoka Kōsaka (Emi Nitta)
June 20, 2014

2
"Zurui yo Magnetic today" (ずるいよMagnetic today, That Unfair Magnetic today)
Maki Nishikino (Pile) and Nico Yazawa (Sora Tokui)
July 25, 2014

3
"Kururin Miracle" (くるりんMIRACLE, Twirling Miracle)
Rin Hoshizora (Riho Iida)
August 27, 2014

4
"Storm in Lover"
Eli Ayase (Yoshino Nanjō) and Umi Sonoda (Suzuko Mimori)
September 24, 2014

5
"Moshimo Kara Kitto" (もしもからきっと, From If To I'm Sure)
Nozomi Tojo (Aina Kusuda)
October 29, 2014

6
"Suki desu ga Suki desu ka?" (好きですが好きですか？, I Love You, but Do You Love Me?)
Kotori Minami (Aya Uchida) and Hanayo Koizumi (Yurika Kubo)
November 21, 2014

7
"Soshite Saigo no Page niwa" (そして最後のページには, And On the Last Page is)
µ's
December 25, 2014

Film

"Korekara" (これから, From Here Onwards)
µ's
December 15, 2015

text:
Albums

Title
Artist
Release date
Peak Oricon
chart positions
Certifications
Notes

Umiiro Shōjo ni Miserarete (海色少女に魅せられて, The Enchanted Ocean-colored Maiden)
Umi Sonoda (Suzuko Mimori)
November 23, 2011
97[97]

Umi Sonoda's first solo album

Kotori Lovin' you (ことりLovin' you)
Kotori Minami (Aya Uchida)
December 14, 2011
109[98]
Kotori Minami's first solo album

Honnori Honokairo! (ほんのり穂乃果色!, Faint Honoka Color)
Honoka Kōsaka (Emi Nitta)
January 25, 2012
90[99]
Honoka Kōsaka's first solo album

μ's Best Album Best Live! Collection
μ's
January 9, 2013
12[100]
JP: Gold[101]
Singles compilation from the franchise from August 2010 to October 2012

Notes of School Idol Days
μ's, A-Rise, & Yoshiaki Fujisawa
April 10, 2013
10[102]

Soundtrack from the first season of the Love Live! School Idol Project anime

Orange Cheers!
Honoka Kōsaka (Emi Nitta)
April 2, 2014
44[103]
Separated albums from Solo Live! collection Memorial Box II

Ice Blue no Shunkan (アイス・ブルーの瞬間)
Eli Ayase (Yoshino Nanjō)
April 2, 2014
28[104]

Junpaku Romance (純白ロマンス)
Kotori Minami (Aya Uchida)
April 2, 2014
37[105]

Ao no Shinwa (蒼の神話)
Umi Sonoda (Suzuko Mimori)
April 2, 2014
41[106]

Ring a yellow bell
Rin Hoshizora (Riho Iida)
April 2, 2014
53[107]

Scarlet Princess
Maki Nishikino (Pile)
April 2, 2014
31[108]

Violet Moon (バイオレットムーン)
Nozomi Tojo (Aina Kusuda)
April 2, 2014
59[109]

Wakakusa no Season (若草のSeason)
Hanayo Koizumi (Yurika Kubo)
April 2, 2014
52[110]

Momoiro Egao (ももいろ♡えがお)
Nico Yazawa (Sora Tokui)
April 2, 2014
47[111]

Solo Live! collection Memorial Box II
μ's
April 2, 2014
8[112]
Second solo album box set

Notes of School Idol Days: Glory
μ's, A-Rise, & Yoshiaki Fujisawa
August 27, 2014
7[113]
Soundtrack from the second season of the Love Live! School Idol Project anime

Love Live! 1st Season Compilation Album
μ's
April 28, 2015
—
Compilation of songs from its respective season of Love Live! School Idol Project

Love Live! 2nd Season Compilation Album

μ's Best Album Best Live! Collection II
May 27, 2015
1[114]
JP: Gold[115]
Singles compilation from the franchise from January 2013 to December 2014

Notes of School Idol Days: Curtain Call
µ's, Takayama Minami, & Yoshiaki Fujisawa
August 5, 2015
4[116]

Soundtrack from Love Live! The School Idol Movie

Solo Live! collection Memorial Box III
μ's
March 28, 2018
[117]
Third solo album box set

"—" denotes releases that were ineligible to chart.

text:
Video albums / Concerts

Title
Artist
Concert date(s)
Video release date(s)
Format
Peak Oricon
chart positions
Notes

μ's First Love Live![a]
μ's
February 19, 2012
November 21, 2012
BD/DVD
206 (DVD)[118]
28 (BD)[119]
Concerts

μ's New Year LoveLive! 2013[b]
January 3, 2013
April 24, 2013 (Part 1)
June 21, 2013 (Part 2)
August 28, 2013 (Part 3)
BD
—

μ's 3rd Anniversary Love Live![c]
June 16, 2013
December 25, 2013
BD/DVD
49 (DVD)[120]
3 (BD)[121]

μ's→Next LoveLive! 2014: Endless Parade[d]
February 8 & 9, 2014
July 23, 2014 (Day 2)
July 25, 2014 (Day 1, Part 1)
September 24, 2014 (Day 1, Part 2)
November 21, 2014 (Day 1, Part 3)
BD (for both days) / DVD (for Day 2 only)
7 (DVD)[122]
6 (BD)[123]
(Day 2 Only)

μ's Go→Go! LoveLive! 2015: Dream Sensation![e]
January 31 & February 1, 2015
September 30, 2015
BD/DVD
10 (DVD Day 1)[124]
11 (DVD Day 2)[125]
61 (BD Day 1)[126]
59 (BD Day 2)[127]
1 (BD Memorial Box)[128]

μ's FinalLoveLive! 2016: μ'sic Forever[f]
March 31 & April 1, 2016
September 28, 2016
BD/DVD
5 (DVD Day 1)[129]
3 (DVD Day 2)[130]
55 (BD Day 1)[131]
22 (BD Day 2)[132]
1 (BD Memorial Box)[133]

Love Live! μ's Live Collection
—
August 26, 2016
BD
3[134]
Collection of all music videos and animated sequences throughout the series and film

text:
Radio CDs

Title
Artist
Release date
Peak Oricon
chart positions
Notes

Love Live Radio Kagai Katsudō: Nicorinpana Theme Song DJCD (ラブライ部 ラジオ課外活動にこりんぱな テーマソングDJCD)
Nico Yazawa (Sora Tokui), Rin Hoshizora (Riho Iida) and Hanayo Koizumi (Yurika Kubo)
October 17, 2012
73[135]
Theme song from the Love Live! µ's Public Relations Department ~NicoRinPana~ radio program

text: Reception[edit]

text: Anime News Network had two editors review the first season in 2013: Carl Kimlinger reviewed the first six episodes of the series, finding fault in some of the characters lacking depth and the use of 3D animation in the dancing scenes, but praised director Takahiko Kyōgoku for his use of visuals and for giving a realistic approach to idol groups.[136] Rebecca Silverman reviewed the latter half of the series, criticizing the 3D animation and the characters not breaking stereotypes but found it enjoyable because of its charm and offering viewers some characters they will like, concluding with, "When you're feeling down, give this a watch, because if nothing else, Love Live! has its heart in the right place and only seems to want us to smile."[137] Silverman reviewed the second season in 2014, commenting on its tendencies to get melodramatic and lack of equal attention to the main cast, but praised it for fixing the problems she found in the first season and providing genuine emotion from its characters, saying that "it is a lot of fun and one of the most enjoyable entries into the idol genre, a position it solidifies with this second season."[138]

text: In 2014, Love Live! won the Anime Work Award in the 19th Animation Kobe Awards, an annual anime event in Kobe, Japan.[139][140] In 2015, μ's won The Best Singing award in the 9th Seiyu Awards.[141] μ's ranked No. 8 among Oricon's best-selling artists of 2015. The group sold over 800,000 music CDs, DVDs, and Blu-ray Discs for over ¥3.15 billion. This is the first time μ's has reached the top 10 in the annual list of best-selling artists. In 2013, μ's was ranked at No. 64, and was ranked at No. 13 in 2014.[142] μ's was ranked No. 10 among Oricon's best-selling artists of 2016, earning about ¥2.54 billion in 2016.[143] μ's is the only female idol group from anime that ranked No. 10 among the top 15 Nikkei Entertainment's Girls Group Ranking in 2016.[144]

text: Love Live! was ranked No. 1 in top-selling media franchises in Japan for 2016 and ranked No. 4 in 2015. The franchise earned over ¥8 billion in 2016 and ¥5 billion in 2015. This includes the raw yen totals of Blu-ray Discs, DVDs, music CDs, novels, and manga, but not video games, film tickets, digital downloads, and other forms of media sales.[145][146] In 2016, μ's received the Special Award in the 30th Japan Gold Disc Awards and their second best album Love Live! μ's Best Album Best Live! collection II was also chosen as Animation Album of the Year.[147] The group even dominated Tower Records Japan's anime CD ranking of 2015.[148]

text: Controversy[edit]

text: Fans of the English version of the Love Live! School Idol Festival game discovered that most of the homosexual subtext between the various girls depicted in the game were removed. In some instances, overt references to relationships between girls were changed to imply a relationship between a girl and a boy. Klab has since issued a statement on the controversy:

text: "We have reviewed the English version of Love Live! School Idol Festival in light of our gamers' thoughtful and heartfelt comments. Overall, we think that our localization effectively conveyed both the content and tone of the original. We also think that perhaps we could have done better with the translations of some of the dialogue. We view our relationship with our gamers are [sic] very much a two-way street: we hope to provide fun and entertaining games and are always open to feedback (including constructive criticism) where we can do better."[149]

text: An update released on June 30, 2015 made adjustments to the translated text to retain their original meanings.[150]

text: Notes[edit]

text:
Jump up ^ Held at Yokohama Blitz
Jump up ^ Held at Tokyo Dome City Hall
Jump up ^ Held at Pacifico Yokohama National Convention Hall
Jump up ^ Held at Saitama Super Arena
Jump up ^ Held at Saitama Super Arena
Jump up ^ Held at Tokyo Dome

tag: ol


document_title: For What It's Worth

question_text: what is buffalo springfield for what it's worth about

question_tokens: what is buffalo springfield for what it 's worth about

text: For What It's Worth

text: Background[edit]

text: Although "For What It's Worth" is often used as an anti-war song, Stephen Stills was inspired to write the track because of the Sunset Strip curfew riots in November 1966, a series of early counterculture-era clashes that took place between police and young people on the Sunset Strip in Hollywood, California, beginning in mid-1966, the same year Buffalo Springfield had become the house band at the Whisky a Go Go on the Sunset Strip.[7] It was within this period local residents and businesses had become annoyed by how crowds of young people going to clubs and music venues along the Strip caused late-night traffic congestion. In response, they lobbied the city to pass local ordinances stopping loitering and enforced a strict curfew on the Strip after 10pm. Young music fans, however, felt the new laws infringed their civil rights.[8]

text: On Saturday, November 12, 1966, fliers were distributed on Sunset Strip inviting people to join demonstrations later that day. Several of Los Angeles' rock radio stations also announced a rally outside the Pandora's Box club on the corner of Sunset Boulevard and Crescent Heights. That evening, as many as 1,000 young demonstrators, including future celebrities like Jack Nicholson and Peter Fonda (who was handcuffed by police), gathered to protest against the enforcement of the curfew laws. Although the rallies began peacefully, trouble eventually broke out among the protesters and police. The unrest continued the next night and periodically throughout the rest of November and December, forcing some clubs to shut down within weeks.[8] Against the background of these civil disturbances, Stills recorded the song on December 5, 1966.

text: Production[edit]

text: Stills said in an interview that the name of the song came about when he presented it to the record company executive Ahmet Ertegun who signed Buffalo Springfield to the Atlantic Records-owned ATCO label. He said: "I have this song here, for what it's worth, if you want it."[6] Another producer, Charlie Greene, claims that Stills first said the above sentence to him, but credits Ahmet Ertegun with subtitling the single "Stop, Hey What's That Sound" so that the song would be more easily recognized.[6][9]

text: The song was recorded on December 5, 1966 at Columbia Studios, Hollywood. Tom Dowd claims he mixed the song at Atlantic's studio in New York, though this is disputed by others.[10] He did take part in the production of Cher's version of the song in 1969.[11]. The song is distinguished with the use of the Guitar harmonics technique and sound.

text: Legacy[edit]

text: The song quickly became a well-known protest song.[12] In 2006, when interviewed on Tom Kent's radio show Into the '70s, Stephen Stills pointed out that many people think "For What It's Worth" is about the Kent State shootings (1970), even though the song predates that event by over three years.[13] Neil Young, Stills' bandmate in both Buffalo Springfield and Crosby, Stills, Nash & Young, would later write "Ohio", in response to the events at Kent State and include a live version of "For What It's Worth" with modified lyrics to reflect the Kent State shootings on their album "4 Way Street".

text: An all-star version of "For What It's Worth" with Tom Petty and others, was played at Buffalo Springfield's induction by Petty to the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1997; Young did not attend.[14]

text: Covers[edit]

text: "For What It's Worth" has been covered, sampled, and referenced in numerous musical performances. Versions include those by The Staple Singers (US#66 in 1967), Cher, Oui 3, Queensrÿche (on their Take Cover album) and Public Enemy. Cher's 1969 cover did not enter the Billboard Hot 100; AllMusic retrospectively called her version "mature [and] forceful".[15]

text: David Cassidy recorded an extended live version for his 1974 album Cassidy Live! (Bell Records, UK #9; recorded live in Great Britain in May 1974). The track features extensive and complex lead guitar solos played by Cassidy himself. The album received rave reviews. Writing for Allmusic, critic Dave Thompson wrote, "Recorded live on his 1974 world tour, at the height (and, though nobody knew it, in the final days) of Cassidy-mania, Cassidy Live is a peculiar document, on the one hand standing as an indication of just how fierce the hysteria around the lad was, but, on the other, living proof of what a sensational showman he was; as evidenced by tracks like 'For What It's Worth'." Thompson summed up his review by saying, "Rock history has sidelined Cassidy with a finality that seems almost personal, shovelling him up a teen idol side street from which the only escape was retirement and resignation. Cassidy Live, however, was recorded while he still thought he had a chance of advancing -- and few period live albums come even close to capturing its excitement."[15]

text: Public Enemy sampled "For What It's Worth", for their 1998 song "He Got Game", which also featured Stephen Stills.[16] Oui 3 adapted the song for their 1993 debut single of the same name, which reached number 26 in the UK chart.[17][18] In 2017, Haley Reinhart released a cover of the song as the third single from her third studio album, What's That Sound?[19]


document_title: Van Helsing (film)

question_text: who plays igor in the van helsing movie

question_tokens: who plays igor in the van helsing movie

text: Van Helsing (film)

text: Plot[edit]

text: In 1887 Transylvania, Doctor Victor Frankenstein creates a monster with the aid of Count Dracula, who reveals that he intends to use the creature for his own evil plans. Dracula kills the doctor as a mob of villagers storms the castle. His assistant Igor escapes, but the villagers chase the monster to an old windmill and set it ablaze. The villagers are scared off by Dracula and his brides, who witness the monster and the doctor's research apparently destroyed by the fire.

text: One year later, after killing the elusive Mr. Hyde at the Notre-Dame Cathedral in Paris, monster hunter Van Helsing returns to the Vatican in Rome. He learns that his mission to destroy Dracula and his amnesia are penance for unremembered sins that cause nightmares. He is tasked with helping the last of an ancient Romanian bloodline, Velkan and Anna Valerious, who must kill Dracula so that their ancestors may enter Heaven. Carl, a friar, provides Van Helsing with aid and weapons. In Transylvania, Velkan is apparently killed during an attempt to trap and kill the Wolf Man, and Anna is attacked by Dracula's brides shortly after Van Helsing's arrival. He saves her life and kills Marishka, one of the brides, but as the last of her line, Anna becomes more determined to kill Dracula. In order to protect her, Van Helsing knocks her out to prevent her from leaving. She awakens that night and encounters Velkan, who reveals Dracula has a dark secret, but to her horror, he becomes the Wolf Man after having been bitten by the original one earlier and attacks. After she and Van Helsing track him to Frankenstein's castle, they discover that the vampires are attempting to give life to their born-dead children, using Velkan as the source of the power. Van Helsing, dubbed "Gabriel" by Dracula, realizes they had ties in the past. Van Helsing refuses Dracula's offer to return his memory and escapes. The experiment fails, and the vampire children die, but Velkan turns on Anna as he is consumed by his curse. Van Helsing and Anna escape together.

text: Under the remains of the old windmill, Van Helsing and Anna encounter Frankenstein's monster. Because he is not evil, Van Helsing cannot allow him to be killed, even though he claims to be key to Dracula's experiment. The Wolf Man witnesses the conversation and escapes to inform Dracula. Meanwhile, Carl discovers a painting that comes to life, depicting a werewolf and a vampire battling. The group travels by carriage to Budapest, luring the remaining brides into a trap and killing Verona. The Wolf Man ambushes the real carriage and bites Van Helsing before being killed. Anna is captured and held as a bargaining chip in exchange for Frankenstein's monster. They hide him in a crypt, but he is taken by the count's undead underlings while Van Helsing and Carl rescue Anna. Returning to the Valerious' castle, Carl discovers an inscription and creates a doorway to the castle. After failing to free Frankenstein's monster from his imprisonment, he lets them know of a cure to lycanthropy that Dracula possesses. Carl determines that the bite of the Wolf Man is the only way to kill Dracula. He and Anna take Igor to find the cure while Van Helsing goes to free Frankenstein's monster. Igor escapes while the final bride, Aleera, beats Anna.  Carl tries delivering the cure to Van Helsing. Igor confronts Carl on a bridge, but the confrontation sends Igor falling to his demise. Frankenstein's monster saves Anna and urges her to help Carl and Van Helsing. She kills Aleera and arrives at the castle. As the Wolf Man, Van Helsing and Dracula battle. Dracula tries reasoning with the Wolf Man, but Van Helsing bites Dracula, who dissolves into a skeleton. Anna bursts in, causing her to be attacked and accidentally killed by Van Helsing, but not before she delivers the cure. Van Helsing returns to normal, stricken with grief over what he has done.

text: At a funeral pyre, Van Helsing witnesses the spirits of Anna and her family ascending into the clouds while Frankenstein's monster rows away on a raft out to sea. Van Helsing and Carl ride off into the sunset.

text: Cast[edit]

text:
Hugh Jackman as Gabriel Van Helsing, a legendary hunter of monsters.
Kate Beckinsale as Anna Valerious, together with her brother are the last descendants of an ancient Romanian family.
Richard Roxburgh as Count Vladislaus Dracula, the ruler of Transylvania and Lord of the Vampires.
David Wenham as Carl, a friar of the Holy Order.
Shuler Hensley as Frankenstein's monster.
Elena Anaya as Aleera, Dracula's most sadistic concubine.
Will Kemp as Velkan Valerious, Anna's brother, who is turned into a werewolf.
Kevin J. O'Connor as Igor, a former servant of Frankenstein's, now working for Dracula.
Alun Armstrong as Cardinal Jinette, Van Helsing's superior in the Holy Order.
Silvia Colloca as Verona, Dracula's consort and the leader of the Brides.
Josie Maran as Marishka, Dracula's youngest concubine.
Tom Fisher as Top Hat, a Transylvanian grave digger.
Samuel West as Dr. Victor Frankenstein.
Stephen H. Fisher as Dr. Jekyll.
Robbie Coltrane as the voice of Mr. Hyde.

text: Soundtrack[edit]

text:
Van Helsing: Original Motion Picture SoundtrackSoundtrack album by Alan SilvestriReleased
May 4, 2004Recorded
2004Genre
SoundtrackLength
43:45Label
Decca RecordsProducer
Alan Silvestri, David Bifano

text: The film's original soundtrack was composed by Alan Silvestri.

text: Merchandise[edit]

text: Video game[edit]

text: Vivendi Universal Games published a Van Helsing video game for PlayStation 2, Xbox, PC and Game Boy Advance. The game follows a similar plot to the movie, has gameplay similar to Devil May Cry and the PS2 and Xbox versions feature the voice talent of many of the actors including Hugh Jackman.

text: Slot games[edit]

text: Van Helsing also features in a slot game produced by International Game Technology. The game is available in real world casinos and online, though users in Argentina, Australia, Canada, China, France, Germany, Israel, Italy, Netherlands, Nigeria, Norway, Russia, South Africa, Thailand, Turkey and the US are excluded from playing the online games.[4]

text: Reception[edit]

text: Box office[edit]

text: The film opened at #1 in the weekend of May 7–9, 2004. The film grossed US$300,257,475 worldwide of which US$120,177,084 was from the US.[3]

text: Critical reception[edit]

text: Van Helsing received mostly negative reviews by critics.[5] Rotten Tomatoes, a review aggregator, reports that 23% of 213 surveyed critics gave the film a positive review; the average rating was 4.2/10.  The site's consensus reads: "A hollow creature feature that suffers from CGI overload."[6] Metacritic rated it 35/100 based on 38 reviews.[7] Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "B" on an A+ to F scale.[8] James Berardinelli of ReelViews gave an extremely negative review, rating the film half a star out of four and calling it "the worst would-be summer blockbuster since Battlefield Earth". Furthermore, he wrote "There are quite a few unintentionally funny moments, although the overall experience was too intensely painful for me to be able to advocate it as being "so bad, it's good." ... Some, however, will doubtless view it as such. More power to them, since sitting through this movie requires something more than a strong constitution and a capacity for self-torture."[9] Mick LaSalle of the San Francisco Chronicle greatly disliked the film, writing: "Writer-director Stephen Sommers (...) throws together plot strains from various horror movies and stories and tries to muscle things along with flash and dazzle. But his film just lies there, weighted down by a complete lack of wit, artfulness and internal logic. ... What Sommers tries to do here is use action as the only means of involving an audience. So story is sacrificed. Character development is nonexistent, and there are no attempts to incite emotion. Instead, Sommers tries to hold an audience for two hours with nothing up his sleeve but colored ribbons, bright sparklers and a kazoo. What he proves is that this is no way to make movies."[10] Roger Ebert of the Chicago Sun Times gave the film 3 stars out of 4 stating that "At the outset, we may fear Sommers is simply going for f/x overkill, but by the end, he has somehow succeeded in assembling all his monsters and plot threads into a high-voltage climax. Van Helsing is silly, spectacular and fun."[11]

text: Accolades[edit]

text:
Award

Subject

Nominee

Result

Saturn Award

Best Horror Film

Nominated[12]

Best Costume Design

Gabriella Pescucci, Carlo Poggioli

Best Make-Up

Greg Cannom, Steve LaPorte

Best Special Effects

Scott Squires, Ben Snow, Daniel Jeannette, Syd Dutton

Best Music

Alan Silvestri

Won[13]

Visual Effects Society

Outstanding Special Effects in Service to Visual Effects in a Motion Picture

Geoff Heron, Chad Taylor

Nominated[14]

text: Spin-offs[edit]

text: Sommers expanded the story of Van Helsing in two direct spin-offs:

text:
The animated prequel titled Van Helsing: The London Assignment takes place before the main events of the film, focusing on Van Helsing's mission to try to stop Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde from terrorizing London.
There is also a one-shot comic book, published by Dark Horse Comics, titled Van Helsing: From Beneath the Rue Morgue, that follows Van Helsing on a self-contained adventure that occurs during the events of the film, just after the death of Jekyll/Hyde in Paris but before Van Helsing returned to Rome. In the adventure, Van Helsing deals with Doctor Moreau and his hybrid mutants.

text: Reboot and shared universe[edit]

text: In May 2012, Universal Pictures announced that they would be rebooting the film with Alex Kurtzman and Roberto Orci as a two-year deal to produce a modern reimagining and Tom Cruise to star as the title character and also produce the film.[15] Rupert Sanders is in talks to direct the film.[16] Orci spoken to IGN that he has hinted that both The Mummy and Van Helsing reboots will have a shared universe.[17][18] On November 11, 2015, Variety reports that Jon Spaihts and Eric Heisserer will write the reboot, but Cruise left the film. However, in 2016, Cruise signed back on to star in Kurtzman's The Mummy, which was released in theaters on June 9, 2017.[19]


document_title: Wait Wait... Don't Tell Me!

question_text: where is wait wait don't tell me recorded

question_tokens: where is wait wait do n 't tell me recorded

text: Wait Wait... Don't Tell Me!

text: Format[edit]

text: Wait Wait... Don't Tell Me! is recorded in front of a live audience in Chicago at the Chase Auditorium beneath the Chase Tower on Thursday nights.[3] Until May 2005, the show was recorded in one of Chicago Public Radio's studios, with no audience and often with one or more panelists calling in from other locations. The show also often travels to various cities in the United States and produces a road show in front of a live audience for promotional and station-related purposes.

text: The show is hosted by playwright and actor Peter Sagal. When the program had its debut in January 1998, Dan Coffey of Ask Dr. Science was the original host, but a revamping of the show led to his replacement in May of that year. The show has also been guest-hosted by Tom Bodett, Luke Burbank, Adam Felber, Peter Grosz, Mike Pesca, Richard Sher, Bill Radke, Susan Stamberg, Robert Siegel, Brian Unger, Drew Carey, Tom Hanks, and Jessi Klein when Peter Sagal was on vacation.[4][5][6][7][8]

text: Carl Kasell, who also served as the newsreader on Morning Edition, was the show's official judge and scorekeeper until his retirement on May 17, 2014, after which the role was taken over permanently by journalist Bill Kurtis. In addition to Kurtis, Korva Coleman, Corey Flintoff, and Jean Cochran, among others, have also served this role in the past.

text: Wait Wait... listeners also participate by telephoning or sending emails to nominate themselves as contestants. The producers select several listeners for each show and call them to appear on the program, playing various games featuring questions based on the week's news. Prior to October 21, 2017, the usual prize for winning any game was to have Kasell (named "Scorekeeper Emeritus" following his retirement) record a greeting on the contestant's home answering machine or voice mail system.[9] The current prize is to have any one show panelist or staff member of the contestant's choice record the greeting, including Sagal, Kurtis, and Kasell.

text: Several shows a year, usually coinciding with holidays or local NPR member station pledge drives, are compiled from segments from past episodes, or feature holiday-related theme programming (such as for the 4th of July, an entire program based on questions from American history adapted to fit the current events format), and are either recorded in front of an audience for later broadcast, or at WBEZ's studio facilities without an audience.

text: Panelists[edit]

text:
Regular[10]

Roy Blount, Jr.
Tom Bodett
Amy Dickinson
Adam Felber
P.J. O'Rourke
Charlie Pierce
Paula Poundstone
Roxanne Roberts
Mo Rocca
Faith Salie

Infrequent[11]

Brian Babylon
Alonzo Bodden
Luke Burbank
Bobcat Goldthwait
Peter Grosz
Helen Hong
Maz Jobrani
Jessi Klein
Kyrie O'Connor
Greg Proops

Past panelists[11]

Firoozeh Dumas (2012–13)
Sue Ellicott (1998–2007)
Aamer Haleem (2005–06)
Angela Nissel (2006–07)
Paul Provenza (2006–10)
Richard Roeper (2004–06)
Alison Stewart (2008–09)
Julia Sweeney (2009–10)

Guest panelists[11]

Simon Amstell (2012)
Mike Birbiglia (2014)
Hannibal Buress (2014)
Drew Carey (2008)
Neko Case (2013)
Nick Hancock (2011)
Ken Jennings (2013)
Keegan-Michael Key (2010)
Paula Pell (2012)

Adam Burke (2016)

Regular Wait Wait... panelists (l–r) Roy Blount Jr., Amy Dickinson, and Mo Rocca sign autographs following a March 2010 taping in New Orleans

text: On-air segments[edit]

text: Though there are some deviations from time to time, episodes of Wait Wait... Don't Tell Me! feature the following format:

text: Opening Tease[edit]

text: As with other NPR programs, Wait Wait offers a one-minute top-of-hour billboard teasing the program that will follow the network's hourly newscast (which traditionally starts at 1 minute past the hour). In this minute, Sagal offers a humorous comment on the week's news, mentions the identity of the week's interview guest, and sets up an out-of-context reading by Kurtis of a quote or game title from the episode.

text: Who's Bill This Time?[edit]

text: Formerly "Who's Carl This Time?" until Kasell's retirement, this segment asks the contestant to identify the speaker or explain the context of three quotations from that week's major news stories as read by Bill Kurtis. Each answer is followed by a humorous discussion of the story by Sagal and the panelists. Two correct answers constitute a win for the contestant.

text: Panel Questions[edit]

text: In two separate segments each week, Peter Sagal asks the panelists questions regarding less serious stories in the week's news, awarding them one point for each correct answer. The questions are phrased similarly to those featured on The Match Game or Hollywood Squares to allow the panelists to offer a comedic answer in addition to their real guess as well as a hint from Sagal if needed. The answer is often followed by a discussion of the story.

text: Occasional Panel Variations[edit]

text: On occasion, the panel segments feature a variation on the game play. Such past variations have included the following:

text:
"Extra! Extra!" — Each panelist is offered three strange headlines for a story used by a newspaper or online news site, with Sagal offering the name of the source and the nature of the story. Choosing the correct headline earns the panelist a point.[12]
"The Trump Dump" — With rapid-fire delivery, Sagal reads each panelist strange, peculiar factoids from the presidential administration of Donald Trump. Correctly determining whether Sagal's statement is true or false earns the panelist one point. If it's false, Sagal offers the correct nature of the question, which often is as frivolous as what he had read.[13][14]

text: Bluff the Listener[edit]

text: In "Bluff the Listener," a contestant hears three unusual stories based on a common theme, with each panelist reading one story. Two of the stories are fictitious, while the third describes a genuine news story. The listener must determine which story is true and not a product of the panelists' imaginations, and earns the prize if they guess correctly. The panelist who read the story the listener picks as true is awarded a point, regardless of whether their story is true or not. A sound bite from the true story (either from the newsmaker himself or herself, or a reporter or expert familiar with the story) is played to reveal the answer.

text: Not My Job[edit]

text:
External audio

 Jimmy Wales plays "Not my job", 10:19, NPR, November 4, 2006[15]

text: For a full list of "Not My Job" participants, see List of Wait Wait... Don't Tell Me! guests

text: In the "Not My Job" segment, a celebrity guest calls in (or occasionally appears on stage) to be interviewed by Sagal and the panelists as well as take a three-question multiple-choice quiz. In Wait Wait's early years, "Not My Job" guests were mainly culled from NPR's roster of personalities and reporters; the pool of guests later expanded to include guests of greater celebrity. As the segment's title suggests, the guests are quizzed on topics that are not normally associated with their field of work. For example, former U.S. Secretary of State Madeleine Albright was asked questions on the history of Hugh Hefner and Playboy magazine,[16] while author Salman Rushdie was asked about the history of Pez candy.[17][18] Often, the subject matter of the quizzes serve as an oblique yet comic juxtaposition to the guests' fields of work, such as when Mad Men creator/producer Matthew Weiner was quizzed on ways people try to cheer others up ("Glad Men") in a March 2015 appearance.[19] Two correct answers from the guest constitute a win, with the prize going to a randomly selected listener who contacted the show but was not chosen as an on-air contestant (their identity and locale are disclosed by Bill Kurtis before the quiz begins).

text: Listener Limerick Challenge[edit]

text: In the "Listener Limerick Challenge," the contestant must "listen for the rhyme" by identifying the last word or phrase in three news-related limericks written by Philipp Goedicke and read by Bill Kurtis. Peter Sagal follows with a humorous summary of the news item. Two correct answers constitutes a win.

text: Lightning Fill-in-the-Blank[edit]

text: In the final round, each panelist is given a series of eight fill-in-the-blank questions about news stories, and must answer as many as he or she can in one minute, scoring two points for each correct answer. The order of panelists is determined by how many points they accumulated during the show; the lowest-ranked panelist goes first, with an off-air coin flip or random draw used if panelists are tied. For each panelist, the stories become more frivolous and humorous as the quiz progresses, with Peter Sagal offering a summary of the story behind the last question. After the quiz, the panelist with the highest score is declared the week's champion (in the event of a tie for first place, the tying contestants are declared co-champions). Panelists do not receive prizes for winning.

text: Panelists' Predictions[edit]

text: Following the credits at the end of the show, the three panelists are asked to offer a comic "prediction" about an ongoing news story, often one discussed earlier in the program.

text: Television[edit]

text: In 2008, National Public Radio reached an agreement with CBS Entertainment to create a television pilot of Wait Wait... Don't Tell Me![20] Peter Sagal and Carl Kasell would be in the pilot, and Doug Berman would be the executive producer.[21] The pilot was not picked up for regular production.

text: On November 16, 2011, BBC America announced that the show would make its television debut with a "2011 Year in Review" special airing on December 23, to be retransmitted by NPR stations on the 24th and 25th. The taping included two American panelists—"Wait Wait" regulars Paula Poundstone and Alonzo Bodden—and British newcomer Nick Hancock.[22]

text: Live cinema[edit]

text: On 2 May 2013, an episode was performed at the NYU Skirball Center for the Performing Arts in New York City and was streamed live via satellite to hundreds of cinema theaters throughout the United States and Canada.[23] The show included host Peter Sagal, announcer Carl Kasell, and panelists Mo Rocca, Paula Poundstone, and Tom Bodett. Celebrity guest Steve Martin won in the Not My Job segment.[24]

text: Parodies[edit]

text: Al Franken's former talk radio show, The Al Franken Show, contained a segment called "Wait Wait... Don't Lie to Me!", where contestants had to determine if a soundbite played was truth, lie, or "weasel" (technically true, but designed to deceive).

text: The podcast Welcome to Night Vale's fictional community radio station alludes to a show following Cecil's news broadcast titled "Wait, Wait, Don't! No, Don't! Please, Don't!"

text: Awards[edit]

text: In April 2008, Wait Wait won a Peabody Award.[25] The program website was nominated for a Webby Award for Humor in 2008.[26]


document_title: Swallows and Amazons

question_text: name of the island in swallows and amazons

text: Swallows and Amazons

text: Illustrations[edit]

text: The artist chosen for the first edition of the book was Steven Spurrier, but Ransome objected to his style and so the first edition did not have any illustrations. Spurrier's drawing for the dust jacket had to be used. The second edition contained drawings by Clifford Webb but after Ransome successfully illustrated Peter Duck himself, he decided to do his own drawings for all the books, including those already published, and Webb's drawings were replaced in later editions.

text: Plot summary[edit]

text: The book relates the outdoor adventures and play of two families of children. These involve sailing, camping, fishing, exploration and piracy. The Walker children (John, Susan, Titty and Roger) are staying at a farm near a lake in the Lake District of England, during the school holidays. They sail a borrowed dinghy named Swallow and meet the Blackett children (Nancy and Peggy), who sail a dinghy named Amazon. The Walkers camp on an island in the lake while the Blacketts live in their house nearby. When the children meet, they agree to join forces against a common enemy – the Blacketts' uncle Jim Turner whom they call "Captain Flint" (after the character in Treasure Island). Turner, normally an ally of his nieces, has withdrawn from their company to write his memoirs, and has become decidedly unfriendly. Furthermore, when the Blacketts let off a firework on his houseboat roof, it is the Walkers who get the blame. He refuses even to listen when they try to pass on a warning to him about burglars in the area.

text: To determine who should be the overall leader in their campaign against Captain Flint, the Blacketts and the Walkers have a contest to see which can capture the others' boat. As part of their strategy the Walkers make a dangerous crossing of the lake by night, and John is later cautioned by his mother for this reckless act. The Walkers nevertheless win the contest – thanks to Titty who seizes the Amazon when the Blacketts come to Wild Cat Island. During the same night Titty hears suspicious voices coming from a different island – Cormorant Island – and in the morning it transpires that Turner's houseboat has been burgled. Turner again blames the Walkers, but is finally convinced that he is mistaken and feels he was wrong to distance himself from his nieces' adventures all summer. The Swallows, Amazons and Turner investigate Cormorant Island, but they cannot find Turner's missing trunk.

text: The following day there is a mock battle between Turner and the children, after which Turner is tried for his crimes and forced to walk the plank on his own houseboat. They agree at the post-battle feast that on the final day of their holidays Titty and Roger will go back to Cormorant Island while the others go fishing. Titty finds the trunk, which contains the memoirs on which Turner had been working, and is rewarded with Turner's green parrot.

text: James Turner appears in some ways to be modelled on Ransome himself. The story, set in August 1929, includes a good deal of everyday Lakeland life from the farmers to charcoal burners working in the woods; corned beef, which the children fancifully refer to as pemmican, and ginger beer and lemonade, which they call grog, appear as regular food stuff for the campers; island life also allows for occasional references to the story of Robinson Crusoe.

text: Major characters in Swallows and Amazons[edit]

text: See also List of characters in Arthur Ransome books

text:
John Walker – Eldest of the Walkers and captain of the Swallow
Susan Walker – Second eldest of the Walkers and mate of the Swallow
Titty Walker – Able Seaman of the Swallow. This name was the nickname of the real life Mavis Altounyan, from Joseph Jacobs's children's story, Titty Mouse and Tatty Mouse.[4] It has been changed to Kitty in the original BBC adaptation of the book, and Tatty for a 2016 BBC Films adaptation[5]
Roger Walker – Youngest of the sailing Walkers and ship's boy of the Swallow
Bridget Walker – (nicknamed "Vicky" due to a resemblance to pictures of Queen Victoria in old age, and referred to as such in the book) Youngest of the Walkers and ship's baby of the Swallow
Nancy Blackett (Ruth) – Captain of the Amazon
Peggy Blackett (Margaret) – Nancy's younger sister and mate of the Amazon
James Turner – Nancy and Peggy's uncle. Known to the children as "Captain Flint"

text: Places in Swallows and Amazons[edit]

text: According to Ransome, every place in his book can be found in the Lake District, but he took different locations and placed them in different ways: the lake is a fictionalised version of Windermere but the surrounding countryside more closely resembles that around Coniston.[6] Wild Cat Island, the location of the island camp, has elements from Peel Island in Coniston and Blake Holme (or Blakeholme) in Windermere.[7] Holly Howe, the farmhouse where the Swallows stay, is based on Bank Ground Farm,[8] which exists to this day. It was featured in the 1974 film.

text: Critical reception[edit]

text: Reviewing the book for UK daily newspaper The Manchester Guardian (forerunner of The Guardian) Malcolm Muggeridge wrote:

text: "Children's books are probably the most difficult of all to write; they are certainly the most difficult to review. For children alone can properly judge their worth, and children, very wisely, never review. An adult has to refer back to his own childhood and ask himself: Would I have enjoyed such a book then? The answer, in the case of Swallow and Amazons, [sic] is very definitely, Yes. Moreover, the book is entirely charming quite apart from its qualities as child literature. This is rare; for, generally speaking, nothing makes drearier reading than the conscious juvenility of adults."

text: Muggeridge continued by saying,

text: "Mr. Ransome has the same magical power that Lewis Carroll had of being the child in terms of himself. He never talks down; never finds it necessary to be patronising or sentimental. And sentimentality is the most terrible pitfall that besets those who venture into the world of play. […] Captain John and Mate Susan, and Able-seaman Titty, and Ship's Boy Roger are not at all like Christopher Robin. [T]hey are children. And the story of their adventures on a little island in the middle of an English lake is thrilling just because it is not fabulous. […] It is make-believe such as all children have indulged in: even children who have not been so fortunate as to have a lake and a boat and an island but only a backyard amongst the semis of Suburbia."[9]

text: Film, TV, radio and theatrical adaptations[edit]

text: 1963 TV adaptation[edit]

text: In 1963, the BBC produced an adaptation, Swallows and Amazons, with John Paul as "Captain Flint" and Susan George as the renamed "Kitty". The series was directed by Peter Saunders.[10]

text: 1974 film version[edit]

text: EMI released a version in 1974, directed by Claude Whatham and produced by Richard Pilbrow. The film starred Virginia McKenna (Mrs. Walker) and Ronald Fraser (Uncle Jim), and Sophie Neville (Titty), Zanna Hamilton (Susan), Simon West (John) and Stephen Grendon (Roger) as the Swallows.

text: 2016 film version[edit]

text: The 2016 film was directed by Philippa Lowthorpe and written by Andrea Gibb. The film stars Andrew Scott, Rafe Spall, Kelly Macdonald, Jessica Hynes, and Harry Enfield.

text: Other versions[edit]

text: In August 1999 BBC Radio 4 broadcast a radio adaptation by David Wood[11] with Jean Anderson as Titty seventy years later narrating. Young Titty was played by Phoebe Phillips, John by John Paul Ekins, Susan by Flora Harris, Roger by Joe Sowerbutts, mother by Penny Downie, Nancy by Catherine Poole, Peggy by Jackie Swainson and Uncle Jim by Nicholas Le Prevost.

text: The Royal National Theatre started developing a musical version of Swallows and Amazons in 2007. Helen Edmundson wrote the book and lyrics while The Divine Comedy's frontman Neil Hannon wrote the music. The musical premiered at the Bristol Old Vic on 1 December 2010 and played at the Vaudeville Theatre, in London's West End, from 15 December 2011, prior to going on tour around the UK from January to May 2012.[12][13][14] The production features adults playing the children and has been received favourably by reviewers.[15][16]

text: Release details[edit]

text:
1930, UK, Jonathan Cape, Pub date 1 December 1930, hardback (First edition, unillustrated)
1931, UK, Jonathan Cape, Pub date 1931, hardback (First "Clifford Webb" illustrated edition)
1931, US, J.B.Lippincott company, Philadelphia, 1931. Hardback, no full illustrations, front and back plates plus chapter headings by Helene Carter.
1938, UK, Jonathan Cape, Pub date 1938, hardback (First "Ransome" illustrated edition)
1958, US, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins (ISBN 0-397-30015-8), Pub date ? June 1958, hardback
1994, US, David R. Godine, Publisher (ISBN 978-1-56792-420-6), paperback
1995, UK, ISIS Audio Books (ISBN 1-85695-974-0), Pub date August 1995, audio book cassette (unabridged)
1999, UK, Jonathan Cape (ISBN 0-224-60631-X), Pub date 1999, hardback
2001, UK, Red Fox Classics (ISBN 0-09-950391-3), Pub date 5 April 2001, paperback
2001, UK, Red Fox (ISBN 0-09-942733-8), Pub date 5 October 2001, paperback
2005, UK, Gabriel Woolf (ISBN 0-9550529-0-4), Pub date July 2005, audio book CD
2010, US, David R. Godine, Publisher (ISBN 978-1567924206), Pub date 16 July 2010, paperback revised edition