document_title: USS Bonhomme Richard (1765)

question_text: what was the outcome of the naval battle between the bonhomme richard and the serapis

root

text: USS Bonhomme Richard (1765)

text: Origin[edit]

text: Bonhomme Richard was originally an East Indiaman named Duc de Duras, a merchant ship built at Lorient according to the plan drawn up by the King's Master Shipwright Antoine Groignard for the French East India Company in 1765. Her design allowed her to be quickly transformed into a man-of-war in case of necessity to support the navy. She made two voyages to China, the first in 1766 and the second in 1769. At her return the French East India Company had been dissolved, and all its installations and ships transferred to the French Navy. As a naval ship she made a voyage to Isle de France before being sold to private shipowners in 1771.[2] She sailed in private service until she was purchased by King Louis XVI of France in early 1779 and placed under the command of John Paul Jones on 4 February.[3] The size and armament of Duc de Duras made her roughly equivalent to half of a 64-gun ship of the line.[4]

tag: p

text: Jones renamed her Bon Homme Richard (usually rendered in more correct French as Bonhomme Richard) in honor of Benjamin Franklin, the American Commissioner at Paris whose Poor Richard's Almanac was published in France under the title Les Maximes du Bonhomme Richard.[1]

text: First patrols[edit]

text: On 19 June 1779, Bonhomme Richard sailed from Lorient accompanied by USS Alliance, Pallas, Vengeance, and Cerf with troop transports and merchant vessels under convoy to Bordeaux and to cruise against the British in the Bay of Biscay. Forced to return to port for repair, the squadron sailed again 14 August 1779. It went northwest around the west coast of the British Isles into the North Sea and then down the east coast. The squadron took 16 merchant vessels as prizes.

text: Battle of Flamborough Head[edit]

text: On 23 September 1779, the squadron encountered the Baltic Fleet of 41 sail under convoy of the HMS Serapis and HM hired armed vessel Countess of Scarborough near Flamborough Head. The Bonhomme Richard and Serapis entered a bitter engagement at about 6:00 p.m. The battle continued for the next four hours, costing the lives of nearly half of the American and British crews. British victory seemed inevitable, as the more heavily armed Serapis used its firepower to rake Bonhomme Richard with devastating effect. The commander of the Serapis finally called on Jones to surrender. He replied, "Sir, I have not yet begun to fight!" Jones eventually managed to lash the ships together, nullifying his opponent's greater maneuverability and allowing him to take advantage of the larger size and considerably more numerous crew of Bonhomme Richard. An attempt by the Americans to board Serapis was repulsed, as was an attempt by the British to board Bonhomme Richard. Finally, after another of Jones's ships joined the fight, the British captain was forced to surrender at about 10:30 p.m. The Bonhomme Richard – shattered, on fire, leaking badly – defied all efforts to save her and sank about 36 hours later at 11:00 a.m. on Saturday, 25 September 1779. Jones sailed the captured Serapis to the Dutch United Provinces for repairs.

text: Though the Bonhomme Richard sank after the battle, the battle's outcome was one of the factors that convinced the French crown to back the colonies in their fight to become independent of British authority.[5]

text: Search for the wreck[edit]

text: Bonhomme Richard's final resting location is the subject of much speculation. A number of unsuccessful efforts have been conducted to locate the wreck. The location is presumed to be in approximately 180 feet (55 m) of water off Flamborough Head, Yorkshire, a headland near where her final battle took place. The quantity of other wrecks in the area and a century of fishing trawler operations have complicated all searches.

text: One season's attempts to locate and retrieve the ship, or some artifacts from her, using USNS Grasp were filmed for the Discovery Channel's Mighty Ships series. The U.S. Navy's mission was unsuccessful.


document_title: Queen Elizabeth Theatre

question_text: how many seats in queen elizabeth theatre vancouver

text: Queen Elizabeth Theatre

text: The Queen Elizabeth Theatre is a performing arts venue in downtown Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Along with the Orpheum and the Vancouver Playhouse, it is one of three facilities operated by the Vancouver Civic Theatres Department (the Playhouse adjoins the QE Theatre in the same complex).[1] It is named after the current Canadian monarch, Queen Elizabeth II.

text: Formerly the home of the Vancouver Symphony Orchestra, which is now based at the Orpheum, the Queen Elizabeth Theatre is the home of the Vancouver Opera and Ballet BC, in addition to hosting various other musical events year-round. The theatre has a 70' wide x 40' deep (21.34m x 12.19m) stage / performing area. The building holds two venues: the 2,765 seat main auditorium and the 668 seat Playhouse Theatre.

text: The theatre was the first project by the Montreal-based architectural partnership Affleck, Desbarats, Dimakopoulos, Lebensold, Sise.[2] It opened in July, 1959.[3]


document_title: Niagara (The Office)

question_text: who does dwight hook up with at pam's wedding

question_tokens: who does dwight hook up with at pam 's wedding

text: Niagara (The Office)

text: Synopsis[edit]

text: Jim (John Krasinski) and Pam (Jenna Fischer) head up to Niagara Falls for their wedding and the rest of the office follows them. Michael (Steve Carell) and Dwight (Rainn Wilson) seek women to hook up with while Andy (Ed Helms) pursues Erin (Ellie Kemper). Kevin (Brian Baumgartner) and Oscar (Oscar Nunez) meet Pam's sister Penny (Anna Camp), who accidentally offends Oscar by thinking Kevin was his boyfriend Gil. Pam's mother Helene (Linda Purl) is visibly disturbed at the fact that Pam's father, and Helene's ex-husband, William (Rick Overton) has come to the wedding with his new girlfriend who is half his own age.

text: Pam's grandmother, "Meemaw" (played by Peggy Stewart), is a woman of conservative morals, so everyone is told not to mention Pam's pregnancy. At the rehearsal dinner, Jim gives a moving toast to his soon-to-be wife. However, he finishes by saying that everyone but Pam will drink to the toast "for obvious reasons". Meemaw questions this remark, and after fumbling through several weak excuses Jim finally admits that Pam is pregnant. Meemaw then decides not to attend the wedding out of moral outrage. Michael later visits Meemaw in her hotel room. Despite his indelicate approach to the subject of sex, he establishes an instant rapport with Meemaw and convinces her to attend the wedding.

text: Andy hosts a dance party in his room later that night, with the office staff attending. Andy punctures his scrotum trying to do a split. The guests rouse Pam, the only sober person, to take him to the hospital. Pam reluctantly agrees, but Andy still whines throughout the drive to the hospital.

text: Michael and Dwight try their luck with women at the bar. Dwight, despite embarrassing both of them, is successful in getting Pam's friend Isabel (Kelen Coleman) to spend the night with him. Michael spends the night alone in the ice machine room as he had failed to make a reservation in advance.

text: Prior to the ceremony, Pam accidentally tears her veil and tearfully phones Jim. They meet in private, where Pam expresses shame at her appearance due to being pregnant. Pam is visibly uplifted when Jim cuts his tie in half in an effort to console her, and says she regrets inviting their families and the office staff. They run away from the church together.

text: While everyone in the church wonders where they went, Michael and Helene begin to bond over their failed relationships. Dwight callously rebuffs Isabel's attempts at further contact. The rest of the office staff grow impatient, bickering about their right to take their gifts back.

text: Jim and Pam finally return to the church after an hour with no explanation of their absence, and the ceremony begins. The guests interrupt the ceremony by recreating the dance routines featured in the JK Wedding Entrance Dance. Jim and Pam react with uncharacteristic good humor, having already been married on board the Maid of the Mist IV ferry boat by the ship's captain, below the falls. Jim explains to the camera that he had prepared the ferry marriage in advance after seeing the video, predicting the guests might imitate it.

text: When Kevin leaves his only pair of shoes in the care of hotel staff, the management decides to incinerate them as a health hazard, and he replaces them with Kleenex tissue boxes. The end of the episode shows Kevin soothing his feet in the ice machine. While he speaks to the camera crew, Helene is seen pulling Michael into her hotel room.

text: Production[edit]

text: The episode was written by developer and executive producer of The Office Greg Daniels and Mindy Kaling, who plays Kelly Kapoor on the show. It was directed by Paul Feig, his 13th directing credit for the series.[1] The episode was initially assigned to Mindy Kaling, but executive producer Greg Daniels said he was interested in contributing.[2] The scene in which Jim cuts his tie off took seven takes and was written by Greg Daniels.[3] In the original draft, the wedding was supposed to take place on the "Booze Cruise".[4] The dance sequence during the wedding was choreographed by the same person who worked on "Cafe Disco" with all of the dancing pairs having 45-minute practice sessions to get their moves down. John Krasinski and Jenna Fischer made a surprise trip to the Niagara Falls area with a small crew in order to film the scene with their actual wedding vows, and Krasinski was feeling ill during the filming but insisted they do multiple takes even as he was getting soaked with water. Brian Baumgartner's parents were on the Maid of the Mist boat where the marriage scene was filmed. They were visiting friends from Rochester, NY, and came into town to be extras.

text: Cultural references[edit]

text: The dance down the church aisle to Chris Brown's "Forever" is based on the popular 2009 YouTube viral video, "JK Wedding Entrance Dance",[5] in which a young couple (JK, standing for "Jill and Kevin") dance down the aisle to the song along with their wedding party. Pam mentions that the song was specifically put on a "Do Not Play List", but was choreographed by the wedding guests and office workers regardless. The song played during Andy's party is Kardinal Offishall's "Numba 1 (Tide is High)" featuring Rihanna. Dwight is shown wearing the Three Wolf Moon T-shirt, made famous by humorous reviews on Amazon, before going out to the hotel bar with Michael to pick up women, commenting that "it's suggestive to women, because of howling during sex."[6]

text: Reception[edit]

text: In its original American broadcast, "Niagara" was viewed by an estimated 9.42 million households, with a 4.8 rating and a 12 share in the 18–49 demographic coming second in its timeslot after Grey's Anatomy.[7] Greg Daniels and Mindy Kaling received a Primetime Emmy Award nomination for Outstanding Writing for a Comedy Series for their work on "Niagara" at the 62nd Primetime Emmy Awards, but lost to Modern Family's Steven Levitan and Christopher Lloyd for their work on the pilot episode.[8]

text: The episode received positive reviews from critics. The episode ranked 24th on BuddyTV's list of best 50 episodes of 2009 with them saying "It wasn't easy, but they did it all, creating a goofy, joyful, and special day for Jim and Pam that brought tears to our eyes."[9] Dan Phillip of IGN gave the episode an 8.3 saying calling it "Impressive" and "The episode certainly could have delivered more in terms of creativity and high comedy, but it still contained a great deal of entertainment."[10] Despite that, he said the episode failed in comparison to "Phyllis' Wedding".[10] "Niagara" was voted the second highest rated out of 115 from the series, according to a poll at the fansite, OfficeTally.[11]


document_title: It takes a village

question_text: who said the quote it takes a village to raise a child

text: It takes a village

text: It takes a village to raise a child is a proverb which means that it takes an entire community of different people interacting with children in order for children to experience and grow in a safe environment. The villages would look out for the children. This does not mean an entire village is responsible for raising your children.

text: Attributions[edit]

text: The proverb has been attributed to African cultures. In 2016, NPR decided to research the origins of the proverb, and concluded it was unable to pinpoint its origins, though academics said the proverb nevertheless holds the true spirits of some African cultures.[1]

text: Examples of African societies with proverbs which translate to 'It takes a village …' include the following:[2]

text:
In Lunyoro (Bunyoro) there is a proverb that says “Omwana takulila nju emoi,” whose literal translation is “A child does not grow up only in a single home.”
In Kihaya (Bahaya) there is a saying, “Omwana taba womoi,” which translates as “A child belongs not to one parent or home.”
In Kijita (Wajita) there is a proverb which says “Omwana ni wa bhone,” meaning regardless of a child's biological parent(s) its upbringing belongs to the community.
In Swahili, the proverb “Asiye funzwa na mamae hufunzwa na ulimwengu” approximates to the same.

tag: ul

text: Books titled It takes a village[edit]

text:
It Takes a Village by Jane Cowen-Fletcher, published in 1994
It Takes a Village: And Other Lessons Children Teach Us, by Hillary Rodham Clinton, published in 1996


document_title: List of Prime Ministers of India

question_text: who has been the longest serving chief minister in india

text: List of Prime Ministers of India

text: Key

text:
Colour key for party of the prime ministers

  Bharatiya Janata Party

  Indian National Congress
designated Indian National Congress (I) 1977–1996[3]

  Janata Dal

  Janata Party

  Janata Party (Secular)

  Samajwadi Janata Party

Other key

№: Incumbent number
† Assassinated or died in office
§ Returned to office after a previous term
RES Resigned
NC Resigned following a no-confidence motion

tag: table

text: Prime Ministers of India

text:
№
Name
(birth–death)
Portrait
Prior Office
Party
(Alliance)
Elected constituency
Term of office[4]
Elections
(Lok Sabha)
Ministry
Appointed by

1
Jawaharlal Nehru
(1889–1964)

Indian freedom fighter

Indian National Congress
Phulpur, Uttar Pradesh
15 August
1947
27 May
1964[†]
7003613000000000000♠16 years, 286 days
—
Nehru I
Lord Mountbatten

1952 (1st)
Nehru II
Rajendra Prasad

1957 (2nd)
Nehru III

1962 (3rd)
Nehru IV

–
Gulzarilal Nanda (acting)
(1898–1998)

Union Minister of Labour and Employment

Indian National Congress
Sabarkantha, Gujarat
27 May
1964
9 June
1964
13 days
(3rd)
(acting)
Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan

2
Lal Bahadur Shastri
(1904–1966)

Minister of Home Affairs

Indian National Congress
Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh
9 June
1964
11 January
1966[†]
7002581000000000000♠1 year, 216 days
(3rd)
Shastri

–
Gulzarilal Nanda (acting)
(1898–1998)

Minister of Home Affairs

Indian National Congress
Sabarkantha, Gujarat
11 January
1966
24 January
1966
13 days
(3rd)
(acting)

3
Indira Gandhi
(1917–1984)

Minister of Information and Broadcasting

Indian National Congress
Rajya Sabha MP for Uttar Pradesh
24 January
1966
24 March
1977
7003407700000000000♠11 years, 59 days
(3rd)
I. Gandhi I

Prime Minister
(Re-elected)

Rae Bareli, Uttar Pradesh
1967 (4th)

Prime Minister
(Re-elected)

1971 (5th)
I. Gandhi II
V. V. Giri

4
Morarji Desai
(1896–1995)

Minister of Finance and Deputy Prime Minister of India before he resigned in 1969

Janata Party
Surat, Gujarat
24 March
1977
28 July
1979[RES]
7002856000000000000♠2 years, 126 days
1977 (6th)
Desai
B. D. Jatti
(acting President)

5
Charan Singh
(1902–1987)

Minister of Finance

Janata Party (Secular)
with INC
Baghpat, Uttar Pradesh
28 July
1979
14 January
1980[RES]
170 days
 – (6th)
C. Singh
Neelam Sanjiva Reddy

(3)
Indira Gandhi
(1917–1984)

Former Prime Minister

Indian National Congress (I)
Medak, Andhra Pradesh
14 January
1980[§]
31 October
1984[†]
7003175200000000000♠4 years, 291 days
1980 (7th)
I. Gandhi III

6
Rajiv Gandhi
(1944–1991)

MP for Amethi

Indian National Congress (I)
Amethi, Uttar Pradesh
31 October
1984
2 December
1989
7003185800000000000♠5 years, 32 days
(7th)
R. Gandhi
Zail Singh

Former Prime Minister
(Re-elected)

1984 (8th)

7
V. P. Singh
(1931–2008)

Minister of Defence

Janata Dal
(National Front)
Fatehpur, Uttar Pradesh
2 December
1989
10 November
1990[NC]
343 days
1989 (9th)
V. P. Singh
R. Venkataraman

8
Chandra Shekhar
(1927–2007)

MP for Ballia

Samajwadi Janata Party
with INC
Ballia, Uttar Pradesh
10 November
1990
21 June
1991[a]
223 days
 (9th)
Chandra Shekhar

9
P. V. Narasimha Rao
(1921–2004)

Minister of External Affairs

Indian National Congress (I)
Nandyal, Andhra Pradesh
21 June
1991
16 May
1996
7003179100000000000♠4 years, 330 days
1991 (10th)
Rao

10
Atal Bihari Vajpayee
(born 1924)

Minister of External Affairs

Bharatiya Janata Party
Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh
16 May
1996
1 June
1996[RES]
16 days
1996 (11th)
Vajpayee I
Shankar Dayal Sharma

11
H. D. Deve Gowda
(born 1933)

Chief Minister of Karnataka

Janata Dal
(United Front)
Rajya Sabha MP for Karnataka
1 June
1996
21 April
1997[RES]
324 days
(11th)
Deve Gowda

12
Inder Kumar Gujral
(1919–2012)

Minister of External Affairs

Janata Dal
(United Front)
Rajya Sabha MP for Bihar
21 April
1997
19 March
1998
332 days
(11th)
Gujral

(10)
Atal Bihari Vajpayee
(born 1924)

Former Prime Minister

Bharatiya Janata Party
(NDA)
Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh
19 March
1998[§]
22 May
2004
7003225600000000000♠6 years, 64 days
1998 (12th)
Vajpayee II
K. R. Narayanan

Former Prime Minister
(Re-elected)

1999 (13th)
Vajpayee III

13
Manmohan Singh
(born 1932)

Minister of Finance

Indian National Congress
(UPA)
Rajya Sabha MP for Assam
22 May
2004
26 May
2014
7003365600000000000♠10 years, 4 days
2004 (14th)
M. Singh I
A. P. J. Abdul Kalam

Former Prime Minister
(Re-elected)

2009 (15th)
M. Singh II
Pratibha Patil

14
Narendra Modi
(born 1950)

Chief Minister of Gujarat

Bharatiya Janata Party
(NDA)
Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh
26 May
2014[5]
Incumbent
7003125200000000000♠3 years, 156 days
2014 (16th)
Modi
Pranab Mukherjee

text: Jump up ^ Shekhar officially resigned as Prime Minister on 13 March 1991, but he and his ministers continued in office until Rao succeeded him

tag: ol


document_title: United States twenty-dollar bill

question_text: when will the new $20 bill be released

question_tokens: when will the new $ 20 bill be released

text: United States twenty-dollar bill

text: Pre-Federal Reserve history[edit]

text: This section does not cite any sources. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (July 2008) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

text:
1861: A demand note with Lady Liberty holding a sword and shield on the front, and an abstract design on the back. The back is printed green.
1862: A note that is very similar, the first $20 United States note. The back is different, with several small variations extant.
1863: A gold certificate $20 note with an Eagle vignette on the face. The reverse has a $20 gold coin and various abstract elements. The back is orange.
1865: A national bank note with "The Battle of Lexington" and of Pocahontas' marriage to John Rolfe in black, and a green border.
1869: A new United States note design with Alexander Hamilton on the left side of the front and Victory holding a shield and sword. The back design is green.
1875: As above, except with a different reverse.
1878: A silver certificate $20 note with a portrait of Stephen Decatur on the right side of the face. The back design is black.
1882: A new gold certificate with a portrait of James Garfield on the right of the face. The back is orange and features an eagle.
1882: A new national bank note. The front is similar, but the back is different and printed in brown.
1886: A new silver certificate $20 note with Daniel Manning on the center of the face.
1890: A treasury (coin) note with John Marshall on the left of the face. Two different backs exist: both with abstract designs.
1902: A new national bank note. The front design features Hugh McCulloch, and the back has a vignette of an allegorical America.
1905: A new gold certificate $20 note with George Washington on the center of the face. The back design is orange.

text: Federal Reserve history[edit]

text: Andrew Jackson first appeared on the $20 bill in 1928. Although 1928 coincides with the 100th anniversary of Jackson's election as president, it is not clear why the portrait on the bill was switched from Grover Cleveland to Jackson. (Cleveland's portrait was moved to the new $1000 bill the same year). According to the U.S. Treasury, "Treasury Department records do not reveal the reason that portraits of these particular statesmen were chosen in preference to those of other persons of equal importance and prominence."[3]

text: The placement of Jackson on the $20 bill may be a historical irony; as president, he vehemently opposed both the National Bank and paper money and made the goal of his administration the destruction of the National Bank.[4][5] In his farewell address to the nation, he cautioned the public about paper money.[6]

text:
1914: Began as a large-sized note, a portrait of Grover Cleveland on the face, and, on the back, a steam locomotive and an automobile approaching from the left, and a steamship approaching from the right.
1918: A federal reserve bank note with Grover Cleveland on the front, and a back design similar to the 1914 Federal Reserve Note.
1928: Switched to a small-sized note with a portrait of Andrew Jackson on the face and the south view of the White House on the reverse. The banknote is redeemable in gold or silver (at the bearer's discretion) at any Federal Reserve Bank.
1933: With the U.S. having abandoned the gold standard, the bill is no longer redeemable in gold, but rather in "lawful money", meaning silver.
1942: A special emergency series, with brown serial numbers and "HAWAII" overprinted on both the front and the back, is issued. These notes are designed to circulate on the islands, and be deemed invalid in the event of a Japanese invasion.
1948: The White House picture was updated to reflect renovations to the building itself, including the addition of the Truman Balcony, as well as the passage of time. Most notably, the trees are larger.
1950: Design elements like the serial numbers are reduced in size and moved around subtly, presumably for aesthetic reasons.
1963: "Will Pay To The Bearer On Demand" is removed from the front of the bill below the portrait, and the legal tender designation is shortened to "This note is legal tender for all debts, public and private" (eliminating "and is redeemable in lawful money at the United States Treasury, or at any Federal Reserve Bank.") Also, "In God We Trust" is added above the White House on the reverse. These two acts (one taking U.S. currency off silver backing, and the other authorizing the national motto) are coincidental, even if their combined result is implemented in one redesign. Also, several design elements are rearranged, less perceptibly than the change in 1950, mostly to make room for the slightly rearranged obligations.
1969: The new treasury seal appears on all denominations, including the $20.
1977: A new type of serial-number press results in a slightly different font. The old presses are gradually retired, and old-style serial numbers appear as late as 1981 for this denomination.
1992: Anti-counterfeiting features are added: microprinting around the portrait, and a plastic strip embedded in the paper. Even though the bills read Series 1990, the first bills were printed in April 1992.[7]
September 24, 1998: Received a completely new appearance to further deter counterfeiting; the picture of the White House was changed to the north side view. A larger, off-center portrait of Jackson was used on front, and several anti-counterfeiting features were added, including color-shifting ink, microprinting, and a watermark. The plastic strip now reads "USA 20" and glows green under a black light.[8] The bills were first printed in June 1998.[9]
October 9, 2003:[10] The current series of 20 dollar bills is released with light background shading in green and yellow, and no oval around Andrew Jackson's portrait (background images of eagles, etc. were also added to the front); the back is the same view of the White House, but without the oval around it. Ninety faint "20"s are scattered on the back in yellow as a "EURion constellation" to prevent photocopying. The first issue's series date is 2004 with Marin-Snow signatures. The bills were first printed in April 2003.[11]

text: Proposal for a woman's portrait[edit]

text: In a campaign called "Women on 20s", selected voters were asked to choose three of 15 female candidates to have a portrait on the $20 bill. The goal was to have a woman on the $20 bill by 2020, the centennial of the 19th Amendment which gave women the right to vote.[12] Among the candidates on the petition were Harriet Tubman, Eleanor Roosevelt, Rosa Parks, and Wilma Mankiller, the first female chief of the Cherokee Nation.[13][14][15]

text: On May 12, 2015, Tubman was announced as the winning candidate of that "grassroots" poll with more than 600,000 people surveyed and more than 118,000 choosing Tubman, followed by Roosevelt, Parks and Mankiller.[16]

text: On June 17, 2015, then-Treasury Secretary Jack Lew announced that a woman's portrait would be featured on a redesigned $10 bill by 2020, replacing Alexander Hamilton.[17] However, that decision was reversed, at least in part due to Hamilton's surging popularity following the hit Broadway musical Hamilton.[18]

text: On April 20, 2016, Lew officially announced that Alexander Hamilton would remain on the $10 bill, while Andrew Jackson would be replaced by Tubman on the front of the $20 bill, with Jackson appearing on the reverse.[19][20][21] Lew simultaneously announced that the five- and ten-dollar bills would also be redesigned in the coming years and put into production in the next decade.[19][21] Steven Mnuchin, the current U.S. Treasury Secretary, said that he will not commit to putting Tubman on the twenty-dollar bill, explaining "People have been on the bills for a long period of time. This is something we’ll consider; right now we have a lot more important issues to focus on."[22]


document_title: Lilo & Stitch

question_text: who does the voice of lilo in lilo and stitch

text: Lilo & Stitch

text: Plot[edit]

text: Dr. Jumba Jookiba is arrested and put on trial by the Galactic Federation for "illegal genetic experimentation", as evidenced by his creation Experiment 626, a living creature which is capable of creating untold chaos. Jumba is imprisoned while Experiment 626 is sentenced to exile on a desert asteroid. 626 manages to escape in a spaceship and activates the hyperdrive, causing its guidance systems to malfunction and randomly set a course for Earth. The Grand Councilwoman dispatches Jumba and Agent Pleakley, the Council's expert on Earth, to the planet to have 626 captured discreetly. 626 lands on the Hawaiian island of Kauaʻi, only to be knocked unconscious by a passing truck and taken to an animal shelter.

text: On Kauaʻi, a young woman named Nani has been struggling to take care of her rambunctious younger sister, Lilo. A social worker named Cobra Bubbles expresses increasing concern that Nani has not been able to take adequate care of Lilo. Seeking a change, Nani decides to let Lilo adopt a dog and they go to the animal shelter, where Lilo immediately takes a keen interest in Experiment 626, who is impersonating a dog, in order to escape. Nani is confused and disgusted by 626 and questions Lilo's decision. Lilo names 626 "Stitch" and shows him around the island.

text: That evening, as Lilo and Stitch eat dinner at the restaurant where Nani works, Jumba and Pleakley try to capture Stitch. The resulting chaos is blamed on Stitch, causing Nani to be fired. The next day, Cobra warns Nani that if she doesn't get another job, Cobra will have to place Lilo with a foster family. As Nani attempts to find another job, Lilo tries educating Stitch about Elvis Presley, whom she calls a "model citizen". However, Stitch's antics, including foiling Jumba and Pleakley's attempts to capture him, ruin Nani's chances of finding work.

text: Nani's friend, David, invites Nani and Lilo to take a break and enjoy a day of surfing. While Nani, Lilo and Stitch ride on a huge wave, Jumba makes one final effort to capture Stitch from underwater, causing Nani to wipe out, and Stitch unintentionally pulls Lilo down with him. Although everyone gets safely to shore, Cobra witnesses this unfortunate event, telling Nani that although she means well, Lilo's best interests mean that she has to be taken away. After seeing how much trouble he has caused, Stitch leaves.

text: The next morning, the Councilwoman relieves Jumba and Pleakley of their assignment, freeing Jumba to pursue Stitch using less covert methods. Meanwhile, David informs Nani of a job opportunity, which Nani rushes to pursue. Stitch, hiding in the nearby woods, encounters Jumba, who chases Stitch back to Lilo's house. A fight ensues, which ends in Lilo and Nani's house being blown up. Cobra arrives to collect Lilo and take her away. As Nani and Cobra argue, Lilo runs away and encounters Stitch, who reveals his true form just moments before Captain Gantu, who has been given the task of recovering Stitch, captures both of them. Stitch manages to escape before Gantu's ship takes off and is confronted by Nani. Before he can explain everything, Jumba and Pleakley capture Stitch themselves. Nani demands that they help her rescue Lilo, although Jumba insists they only came for Stitch. When Nani breaks down over losing her sister, Stitch reminds Nani about ʻohana, a term for "family" he learned from Lilo, and convinces Jumba to help rescue Lilo. As Jumba, Pleakley and Nani give chase in Jumba's spaceship, Stitch drives a tanker truck full of fuel into a lava flow and uses the exploding tank to launch himself into Gantu's cockpit, where he distracts Gantu before rescuing Lilo.

text: Back on land, the Grand Councilwoman appears and prepares to take Stitch into custody and retire Gantu, but when Stitch explains that he has found a family in Nani and Lilo, she discovers that he has become a civilized creature; Lilo also shows her the adoption paper, declaring that she owns Stitch and that taking Stitch would be theft. The Councilwoman, before leaving, decrees that Stitch will live a life of exile on Earth and be entrusted into the care of Lilo and Nani, and asks Cobra, who turns out to be a former CIA agent whom she met previously in 1973, to watch over them. Together, they rebuild the house, and Jumba and Pleakley become members of Lilo and Stitch's family as well.

text: Cast[edit]

text:
Chris Sanders as Experiment 626/Stitch, a blue koala-like illegal genetic experiment with the ability to create untold chaos. Alex Kupershmidt served as the supervising animator for Stitch.
Daveigh Chase as Lilo Pelekai, an eccentric young Hawaiian girl on the island of Kaua'i who adopts Stitch as her pet dog. Andreas Deja served as the supervising animator for Lilo Pelekai.
Tia Carrere as Nani Pelekai, Lilo's stressed-out older sister and Lilo's legal guardian after the death of her and Lilo's parents in a car accident. Stephane Sainte-Foi served as the supervising animator for Nani Pelekai.
David Ogden Stiers as Dr. Jumba Jookiba, a Kweltikwan mad scientist employed by Galaxy Defense Industries who creates Stitch. Bolhem Bouchiba served as the supervising animator for Dr. Jumba Jookiba.
Kevin McDonald as Agt. Wendell Pleakley, a Plorgonarian Galactic Federation agent who acts as the expert of Earth. Ruben A. Aquino served as the supervising animator for Pleakley.
Ving Rhames as Cobra Bubbles, a former CIA agent once involved in the Roswell UFO incident who is assigned as a social worker for Lilo. Byron Howard served as the supervising animator for Cobra Bubbles.
Kevin Michael Richardson as Captain Gantu, the respected but arrogant Shaelik second-in-command of the Galactic Federation.
Zoe Caldwell as the Grand Councilwoman, the Gray leader of the Galactic Federation.
Jason Scott Lee as David Kawena, Nani's hapless surfer boyfriend. Ruben A. Aquino served as the supervising animator for David.
Miranda Paige Walls as Mertle Edmonds, Lilo's classmate from their hālau hula who despises and derides her.
Amy Hill as Mrs. Hasagawa, an elderly woman who runs a fruit stand.
Susan Hegarty as Rescue Lady, who runs the animal shelter where Lilo adopts Stitch.

text: Production[edit]

text: Development[edit]

text: Production of Lilo & Stitch began with then-Disney CEO Michael Eisner deciding that, in the wake of a number of high-profile and large-budget Disney animated features during the mid-1990s, the studio might try its hand at a smaller and less expensive film.[3] The idea was inspired by the production of Dumbo, an economically-made 1941 Walt Disney film produced in the wake of the more expensive Pinocchio and Fantasia. Chris Sanders, a head storyboard artist at Disney Feature Animation, was approached to pitch an idea. Sanders had created the character of Stitch in 1985 for an unsuccessful children's book pitch, and developed a treatment for an animated feature featuring the character.[3] The story line required a remote, non-urban location, so the movie was originally intended to take place in Kansas.[4] Sanders's decision to change the film's setting to the Hawaiian island of Kauaʻi was an important choice in defining the plot more clearly. No other animated feature had ever taken place on any of the Hawaiian islands before.[4] In Sanders's words:

text: Animation has been set so much in ancient, medieval Europe — so many fairy tales find their roots there, that to place it in Hawaiʻi was kind of a big leap. But that choice went to color the entire movie, and rewrite the story for us.

text: Writing[edit]

text: Dean DeBlois, who had co-written Mulan (1998) with Sanders, was brought on to co-write and co-direct Lilo & Stitch, while Disney executive Clark Spencer was assigned to produce. Unlike several previous and concurrent Disney Feature Animation productions, the Lilo & Stitch pre-production team remained relatively small and isolated from upper management until the film went into full production.[5] The character and set designs were based upon Chris Sanders's personal artistic style.[3]

text: While the animation team visited Kauaʻi to research the locale, their tour guide explained the meaning of ʻohana as it applies to extended families. This concept of ʻohana became an important part of the movie. DeBlois recalls:

text: No matter where we went, our tour guide seemed to know somebody. He was really the one who explained to us the Hawaiian concept of ʻohana, a sense of family that extends far beyond your immediate relatives. That idea so influenced the story that it became the foundation theme, the thing that causes Stitch to evolve despite what he was created to do, which is destroy.

text: The island of Kauaʻi had previously been featured in such films as Raiders of the Lost Ark and those from the Jurassic Park trilogy. The Disney animators faced the daunting task of meshing the film's plot, which showed the impoverished and dysfunctional life that many Hawaiians lived during the then-recent economic downturn, with the island's serene beauty. The actors voicing the film's young adults Nani and David, Tia Carrere, a native of Honolulu, and Jason Scott Lee, who was raised in Hawaii, assisted with rewriting the Hawaiian characters' dialogue in the proper colloquial dialect and adding Hawaiian slang.

text: One innovative and unique aspect of the film was its strong focus on the relationship between two sisters, Lilo and Nani. Making the relationship between sisters into a major plot element is very rare in American animated films.[6]:13

text: Design and animation[edit]

text: In a deviation from several decades' worth of Disney features, Sanders and DeBlois chose to use watercolor painted backgrounds for Lilo & Stitch, as opposed to the traditional gouache technique.[3] While watercolors had been used for the early Disney animated shorts, as well as the early Disney features Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937), Pinocchio (1940), and Dumbo (1941), the technique had been largely abandoned by the mid-1940s in favor of less complicated media such as gouache. Sanders preferred that watercolors be used for Lilo & Stitch to evoke both the bright look of a storybook and the art direction of Dumbo, requiring the background artists to be trained in working with the medium.[3] The character designs were based around Sanders's personal drawing style, eschewing the traditional Disney house style.[3] The film's extraterrestrial elements, such as the spaceships, were designed to resemble marine life, such as whales and crabs.[7]

text: Marketing[edit]

text: Teaser trailers for the film parody trailers for other Disney films (three of which Sanders previously worked on) from the Disney Renaissance: Beauty and the Beast, Aladdin, The Little Mermaid and The Lion King. These are called "Inter-Stitch-als" and are featured on Disney's official site as well as on the film's respective DVD release. The original actors were brought back to reprise their roles and were shocked when asked to act negatively towards Stitch. The trailers also include the AC/DC song track "Back in Black." In the United Kingdom, Lilo & Stitch trailers and TV ads featured a cover of Elvis' song "Suspicious Minds", performed by Gareth Gates, who became famous on the UK TV program Pop Idol. The marketing campaign presented Stitch as the sort of "Disney Family Black Sheep". As a promotional campaign, comics of Lilo & Stitch were run in Disney Adventures prior to the film's release. The comics detailed events leading up to the film for both title characters, including the creation and escape of Stitch. These events were later contradicted by the sequel Lilo & Stitch 2: Stitch Has a Glitch rendering the comics non-canonical, but is notable to the series as introducing Experiment 625, Reuben, who was made a main character in the subsequent movies and TV series. The comic series has been released as a collective volume titled Comic Zone Volume 1: Lilo & Stitch.

text: Deleted scenes[edit]

text: Several major elements of the film changed during production. Originally, Stitch was the leader of an intergalactic gang, and Jumba was one of his former cronies summoned by the Intergalactic Council to capture Stitch.[3] Test audience response to early versions of the film resulted in the change of Stitch and Jumba's relationship to that of creation and creator, respectively.[3] The biggest change came to the film's third act, which had Stitch, Nani, Jumba and Pleakley hijacking a Boeing 747 jet from Lihue Airport and flying it through downtown Honolulu to save Lilo. Following the September 11, 2001 attacks on the World Trade Center, this sequence was revised so that Stitch instead flew a spaceship through the mountains of Kauaʻi. This revision was done primarily by replacing the CGI model of the 747 with that of Jumba's spaceship, with only a few shots in the sequence fully re-animated.[3] Another scene that was deleted was one of Lilo's attempts to make Stitch into a model citizen by notifying tourists on the beach about the tsunami warning sirens, which she knows are being tested that day. The original version of Jumba attacking Stitch in Lilo's home was found to be too violent by test audiences, and was revised to make it more comedic. There was also a scene in which Lilo introduces Stitch to Pudge the fish, which ultimately leads to the fish's death. Lilo then takes Pudge's body to the same graveyard where her parents were buried, and thus Stitch learns the consequences of his actions and gains a better understanding of mortality. A scene was removed where Nani brings Lilo pizza and then Lilo tells herself a bedtime story about a friendly and stinky bear named Toaster. It was replaced with the scene where Lilo and Nani talk about being family because test audiences had mistaken Nani for Lilo's mother. The trial scene originally had Stitch as the defendant, and Jumba is not present. This was changed because of the film directors thought Intergalactic Council had to blame him for creating Stitch.

text: Release[edit]

text: Box office[edit]

text: Lilo & Stitch opened in second place with $35.3 million in its first weekend, less than $500,000 behind the film Minority Report. In its second week it fell to third, again behind the Steven Spielberg film coming in second. The film earned $145.8 million in the United States and Canada, and $127.3 million internationally, totaling $273.1 million globally.[1] Box Office Mojo estimates that the film sold over 53 million tickets during its original run.[8]

text: Critical reception[edit]

text: Lilo & Stitch received largely positive reception. Rotten Tomatoes reported that the film has an 86% "Certified Fresh" approval rating based on 145 reviews, with an average score of 7.3/10. The site's consensus reads, "Edgier than traditional Disney fare, Lilo and Stitch explores issues of family while providing a fun and charming story."[9] The film has also earned a score of 73 on Metacritic.[10] Roger Ebert of the Chicago Sun-Times gave the film 3.5 stars out of 4 and wrote "It's one of the most charming feature-length cartoons of recent years—funny, sassy, startling, original and with six songs by Elvis".[11] The film's success spawned a Lilo & Stitch franchise, with three sequel films and three television series.

text: Peter M. Nichols states that through the character of Nani and her struggles, the film appeals to older children better than such attempts by the studio to do so as The Emperor's New Groove, Atlantis: The Lost Empire, and Treasure Planet.[12]

text: Home media[edit]

text: Lilo & Stitch was released on VHS and DVD on December 3, 2002.[13] In 2009, a special 2-disc DVD "Big Wave Edition" was released featuring a making-of documentary, more deleted scenes including the original climax with the plane hijacking, a number of behind-the-scenes featurettes, and some games.[14] The film was released on Blu-ray on June 11, 2013 in a 2-Movie Collection with its sequel Lilo & Stitch 2: Stitch Has a Glitch.[15]

text: Soundtrack[edit]

text:
Lilo & Stitch

Soundtrack album by Various artists

Released
June 11, 2002

Recorded
2001-2002

Genre
Rock, country rock, pop

Length
34:47

Label
Walt Disney

Producer
Chris Montan (executive)

Lilo & Stitch music chronology

Lilo & Stitch
(2002)
Lilo & Stitch 2: Island Favorites
(2006)Lilo & Stitch 2: Island Favorites2006

Walt Disney Animation Studios chronology

Atlantis: The Lost Empire
(2001) Atlantis: The Lost Empire2001
Lilo & Stitch
(2002) Lilo & Stitch2002
Treasure Planet
(2002) Treasure Planet2002

Singles from Lilo & Stitch

"Can't Help Falling in Love"
Released: October 29, 2002

text:
Professional ratings

Review scores

Source
Rating

AllMusic
[16]

text: Lilo & Stitch: An Original Walt Disney Records Soundtrack is the soundtrack to Disney's 2002 animated feature Lilo & Stitch. It contains two original songs from the film written by Mark Kealiʻi Hoʻomalu and Alan Silvestri (the film's composer), and performed by Kealiʻi Hoʻomalu and the Kamehameha Schools children's chorus. Also contains five songs by American singer Elvis Presley, and two of his songs re-recorded by American singer Wynonna ("Burning Love"), British singer Gareth Gates ("Suspicious Minds", UK release) and Swedish group A*Teens ("Can't Help Falling in Love"). It was released by Walt Disney Records on June 11, 2002 on Audio CD and Compact Cassette.

text: Track listing[edit]

text:
No.
Title
Performer
Length

1.
"Hawaiian Roller Coaster Ride"
Mark Kealiʻi Hoʻomalu, The Kamehameha Schools Children's Chorus
3:28

2.
"Stuck on You"
Elvis Presley
2:25

3.
"Burning Love"
Wynonna
3:10

4.
"Suspicious Minds"
Elvis Presley
3:23

5.
"Heartbreak Hotel"
Elvis Presley
2:13

6.
"(You're the) Devil in Disguise"
Elvis Presley
2:30

7.
"He Mele No Lilo"
Mark Kealiʻi Hoʻomalu, The Kamehameha Schools Children's Chorus
2:28

8.
"Hound Dog"
Elvis Presley
2:27

9.
"Can't Help Falling in Love"
A*Teens
3:07

10.
"Stitch to the Rescue (score)"
Alan Silvestri
5:57

11.
"You Can Never Belong (score)"
Alan Silvestri
3:56

12.
"I'm Lost (score)"
Alan Silvestri
4:43

text: Charts[edit]

text:
Chart (2002)
Peak
position

US Billboard 200
11

US Billboard Top Soundtracks
1

text: Sequels[edit]

text: On August 26, 2003, Disney released a direct-to-video sequel, Stitch! The Movie, which served as the pilot to a television series titled Lilo & Stitch: The Series. This series ran for 65 episodes between September 20, 2003 and July 29, 2006. The series carried on where the film left off and charted Lilo and Stitch's efforts to capture and rehabilitate Jumba's remaining experiments. This series almost ended with television film Leroy & Stitch, which aired on June 23, 2006.

text: On August 30, 2005, Lilo & Stitch 2: Stitch Has a Glitch, another direct-to-video sequel to the film, was released. In this film (set between Lilo & Stitch and Stitch! The Movie), Stitch has a glitch because his molecules were never fully charged (this is contrary to an alternate opening, "Stitch's trial", which was seen on the DVD release of Lilo & Stitch). Lilo wants to win the May Day hula contest like her mother did in the 1970s, but Stitch continues to have outbursts. Lilo gets increasingly mad at Stitch as his glitch causes more problems for her and ruins her chances of winning the competition. She thinks Stitch is not cooperating properly, until she finds out that Stitch is dying.

text: In March 2008, Disney announced an anime based on the Lilo & Stitch franchise aimed at the Japanese market titled Stitch!. The anime, which began in October 2008, features a Japanese girl named Yuna in place of Lilo, and is set on a fictional island in Okinawa Prefecture instead of Hawaii. This series was produced by Madhouse and later Shin-Ei Animation.

text: In March 2017, a third animated television series based on the franchise titled Stitch & Ai debuted in China. Like with the Stitch! anime, it features a local girl named Ai instead of Lilo, and is set in the Huangshan mountains. Unlike Stitch! however, this series was originally produced in English in co-operation with American animators and then dubbed into its local language. Stitch & Ai is produced by Anhui Xinhua Media and Panimation Hwakai Media.

text: Video games[edit]

text: There were three official games released to coincide with the film: Disney's Lilo & Stitch: Trouble in Paradise for PlayStation and Microsoft Windows, Disney's Lilo & Stitch for Game Boy Advance, and Disney's Stitch: Experiment 626 for PlayStation 2. Stitch is also a summonable character in Kingdom Hearts II and appears along with his homeworld in Kingdom Hearts Birth by Sleep for the PlayStation Portable. Lilo and Stitch both appear in the Nintendo 3DS game Disney Magical World and its sequel. Stitch is also a playable character in the Disney Infinity series in the second game, Disney Infinity: Marvel Super Heroes, and the series' third and final game, Disney Infinity 3.0. He was also a meet and greet character in Kinect: Disneyland Adventures.


document_title: Goose

question_text: what is the name for a group of geese

question_tokens: what is the name for a group of geese

text: Goose

text: Etymology[edit]

text: The word "goose" is a direct descendent of Proto-Indo-European root, *ghans-. In Germanic languages, the root gave Old English gōs with the plural gēs and gandres (becoming Modern English goose, geese, gander, and gosling, respectively), Frisian goes, gies and guoske, New High German Gans, Gänse, and Ganter, and Old Norse gās. This term also gave Lithuanian žąsìs, Irish gé (goose, from Old Irish géiss), Latin anser, Greek χήν/khēn, Dutch gans, Albanian gatë (heron), Sanskrit hamsa and hamsi, Finnish hanhi, Avestan zāō, Polish gęś, Ukrainian гуска and гусак, Russian гусыня and гусь, Czech husa, and Persian ghāz.[1][2]

text: The term goose applies to the female in particular, while gander applies to the male in particular. Young birds before fledging are called goslings.[1] The collective noun for a group of geese on the ground is a gaggle; when in flight, they are called a skein, a team, or a wedge; when flying close together, they are called a plump.[3]

text: True geese and their relatives[edit]

text: The three living genera of true geese are: Anser, grey geese, including the greylag goose, and domestic geese; Chen, white geese (often included in Anser); and Branta, black geese, such as the Canada goose.

text: Two genera of "geese" are only tentatively placed in the Anserinae; they may belong to the shelducks or form a subfamily on their own: Cereopsis, the Cape Barren goose, and Cnemiornis, the prehistoric New Zealand goose. Either these or, more probably, the goose-like Coscoroba swan is the closest living relative of the true geese.

text: Fossils of true geese are hard to assign to genus; all that can be said is that their fossil record, particularly in North America, is dense and comprehensively documents many different species of true geese that have been around since about 10 million years ago in the Miocene. The aptly named Anser atavus (meaning "progenitor goose") from some 12 million years ago had even more plesiomorphies in common with swans. In addition, some goose-like birds are known from subfossil remains found on the Hawaiian Islands.

text: Geese are monogamous, living in permanent pairs throughout the year; however, unlike most other permanently monogamous animals, they are territorial only during the short nesting season. Paired geese are more dominant and feed more, two factors that result in more young.[4]

text: Other birds called "geese"[edit]

text: Some mainly Southern Hemisphere birds are called "geese", most of which belong to the shelduck subfamily Tadorninae. These are:

text:
Orinoco goose, Neochen jubata
Egyptian goose, Alopochen aegyptiaca
The South American sheldgeese, genus Chloephaga
The prehistoric Malagasy sheldgoose, Centrornis majori

text: The spur-winged goose, Plectropterus gambensis, is most closely related to the shelducks, but distinct enough to warrant its own subfamily, the Plectropterinae.

text: The blue-winged goose, Cyanochen cyanopterus, and the Cape Barren goose, Cereopsis novaehollandiae, have disputed affinities. They belong to separate ancient lineages that may ally either to the Tadorninae, Anserinae, or closer to the dabbling ducks (Anatinae).

text: The three species of small waterfowl in the genus Nettapus are named "pygmy geese". They seem to represent another ancient lineage, with possible affinities to the Cape Barren goose or the spur-winged goose.

text: A genus of prehistorically extinct seaducks, Chendytes, is sometimes called "diving-geese" due to their large size.[5]

text: The unusual magpie goose is in a family of its own, the Anseranatidae.

text: The northern gannet, a seabird, is also known as the "Solan goose", although it is a bird unrelated to the true geese, or any other Anseriformes for that matter.

text: In popular culture[edit]

text: Well-known sayings about geese include:

text: To "have a gander" is to examine something in detail.

text: "What's sauce for the goose is sauce for the gander" means that what is an appropriate treatment for one person is equally appropriate for someone else.

text: Saying that someone's "goose is cooked" means that they have suffered, or are about to suffer, a terrible setback or misfortune.

text: "Killing the goose that lays the golden eggs," derived from an old fable, is a saying referring to any greed-motivated, unprofitable action that destroys or otherwise renders a favourable situation useless.

text: "A wild goose chase" is a useless, futile waste of time and effort.

text: There is a legendary old woman called Mother Goose who wrote nursery rhymes for children.

text: The Goose-Step is a political cartoon by British cartoonist E. H. Shepard, drawn in 1936, the year which Nazi Germany remilitarized the Rhineland. Below the drawing of the goose, there is a short poem, which parodies the nursery rhyme Goosey Goosey Gander.


document_title: Leaching (pedology)

question_text: which type of soil is formed by leaching process

text: Leaching (pedology)

text: In pedology, leaching is the loss of mineral and organic solutes due to very heavy rainfall, high temperature and percolation. It is a mechanism of soil formation distinct from the soil forming process of eluviation, which is the loss of mineral and organic colloids. Leached and elluviated materials tend to be lost from topsoil and deposited in subsoil. A soil horizon accumulating leached and eluviated materials is referred to as a zone of illuviation.

text: Laterite soil, which develops in regions with high temperature and heavy rainfall, is an example of this process in action.


document_title: Unforgotten

question_text: who plays nicola walker's father in unforgotten

question_tokens: who plays nicola walker 's father in unforgotten

text: Unforgotten

text: Cast[edit]

text:
Nicola Walker as DCI Cassie Stuart
Sanjeev Bhaskar as DI[5] Sunil "Sunny" Khan
Peter Egan as Martin Hughes

text: Series 1 (2015)[edit]

text:
Bernard Hill as Father Robert Greaves
Tom Courtenay as Eric Slater
Trevor Eve as Sir Phillip Cross
Ruth Sheen as Lizzie Wilton
Gemma Jones as Claire Slater
Frances Tomelty as Maureen Sullivan
Cherie Lunghi as Shirley Cross
Hannah Gordon as Grace Greaves
Brian Bovell as Ray Wilton
Claire Goose as Ellie Greaves
Tamzin Malleson as Caroline Greaves
Zoe Telford as Bella Cross
Tom Austen as Josh Cross
Dominic Power as Les Slater
Adam Astill as Matt Slater
Jonathan Harden as Sean Rawlins
Tessa Peake-Jones as Sheila
Harley Alexander-Sule as Jimmy Sullivan
David Troughton as Father Geoff
John Salthouse as ex-DCI Kendrick
Pippa Nixon as DC Karen Willetts
Lewis Reeves as DC Jake Collier
Jordan Long as DS Murray Boulting
Dannie Pye as Vincent Erskine

text: Series 2 (2017)[edit]

text:
Lorraine Ashbourne as DI Tessa Nixon
Douglas Hodge as Paul Nixon
Will Brown as Jason Walker
Mark Bonnar as Colin Osborne
Charlie Condou as Simon Osborne
Rosie Cavaliero as Marion Kelsey
Nigel Lindsay as Tony Kelsey
Holly Aird as Elise Dunphy
Wendy Craig as Joy Dunphy
Daniel Gosling as David Walker
Badria Timimi as Sara Mahmoud
Adeel Akhtar as Hassan Mahmoud
Josef Altin as Tyler Da Silva
Bryony Hannah as Cath
Emma Cunniffe as Janet
Nathalie Armin as DSI Kuldip Gill
Lewis Reeves as DC Jake Collier
Jordan Long as DS Murray Boulting
Carolina Main as DC Fran Lingley

text: Episodes[edit]

text:
Series
Episodes
Originally aired
Ave. UK Viewers[6]

Series premiere
Series finale

1
6
8 October 2015 (2015-10-08)
12 November 2015 (2015-11-12)
6.44[A]

2
6
5 January 2017 (2017-01-05)
9 February 2017 (2017-02-09)
6.91[A]

text: Series 1 (2015)[edit]

text:
No.
Title
Directed by
Written by
Ratings (in millions)[7]
Sourced by BARB.
Original airdate

1
"Episode 1"
Andy Wilson
Chris Lang
7.35
8 October 2015 (2015-10-08)

A skeleton found in the cellar of a building being demolished prompts investigation from DCI Cassie Stuart and her colleague DI Sunny Khan into the murder of a young man that could potentially span back thousands of years. Discovery of what they believe to be a car key near the body not only dates it to within the last 65 years, but also leads them on a trail in the hope of identifying the victim. At the end of the trail is a diary belonging to Jimmy Sullivan, a young man missing since 1976 who appears to be the victim. The final pages of the diary contain several names and addresses; amongst them are Beth, Father Rob, Frankie C and Mr. Slater. Four seemingly unconnected people living very separate lives. It is now down to Cassie and Sunny to find out what happened to Jimmy and finally to get him home.

2
"Episode 2"
Andy Wilson
Chris Lang
6.41
15 October 2015 (2015-10-15)

Having identified the body in the cellar as Jimmy Sullivan, the search for his murderer begins; Cassie and Sunny investigate, starting with identifying the names featured in Jimmy's diary. Cassie travels to Liverpool to see Maureen, Jimmy's mother, to get a sense of who Jimmy was; she is met by a woman who is in fact relieved that she might finally find out what happened to her son 39 years after he went missing. 'Frankie C' is identified as Sir Phillip Cross, the government's recently appointed entrepreneurial tzar, who denies ever having met Jimmy. 'Beth' is identified as Lizzie Wilton, living in Croydon and married to Ray, a second-generation Jamaican man. Lizzie also denies knowing Jimmy but is clearly a very different woman from who she was in the 70s before her marriage. 'Father Rob' is Robert Greaves who at the time of Jimmy's death was working in the local church to Arlingham House. And 'Mr. Slater' is Eric Slater, a wheelchair user and a retired bookkeeper living with his wife Claire in Cambridgeshire.

3
"Episode 3"
Andy Wilson
Chris Lang
6.29
22 October 2015 (2015-10-22)

The investigation into Jimmy's death continues. Cassie and Sunny pay a visit to Father Robert Greaves, who remembers Jimmy fondly, but is unable to help identify the mysterious 'Jo-Jo', the person who it appears gave Jimmy the diary. Cassie and Sunny also meet Eric Slater, a former bookkeeper to Arlingham House, who remembers Jimmy well.

4
"Episode 4"
Andy Wilson
Chris Lang
6.61
29 October 2015 (2015-10-29)

As the investigation into the cold-case murder continues, the forensic team discovers that the marks on the victim's body are consistent with known gangland torture methods. With this in mind, Cassie and Sunny question Sir Phillip about his involvement with a prominent East End crime family 40 years ago. Did the businessman or any of the shady associates of his youth have anything to do with Jimmy's disappearance or murder? Meanwhile, Eric and Claire's anniversary gets under way. Ray returns home to find Lizzie gone, broken glass where a brick was thrown through a window, and a note with the word "Sorry" on it.

5
"Episode 5"
Andy Wilson
Chris Lang
5.95
5 November 2015 (2015-11-05)

Following the revelation that a second victim may be buried at the bottom of the Slater's garden, Cassie and Sunny gatecrash their 45th anniversary party and begin searching for a second body, and it's not long before they strike gold. Eric Slater is arrested, but coherently denies all charges made against him. After some initial reluctance, Curtis agrees to help Ray go in search for Lizzie. Father Robert confesses that he was the one who stole money from the church charity fund, and that after his secret affair with JoJo, she became pregnant and he has been using the money to pay the way for his illegitimate child. Before the news breaks of Eric Slater's arrest, Sir Phillip Cross has already struck a deal with his son's Turkish contacts, and before he is able to change his mind, the witness who came forward with evidence against him is killed in a house fire, made to look like an accident caused when the man 'fell asleep smoking'. Evidence found in Eric Slater's home links him to the location of the last known whereabouts of the second victim, and following the revelation that Jimmy had been selling himself for sex as a way of repaying the debt he owed to the Fenwicks, Cassie and Sunny finally realise that the connection between both murders may be Eric Slater's hidden hatred for homosexuals.

6
"Episode 6"
Andy Wilson
Chris Lang
6.01
12 November 2015 (2015-11-12)

Father Robert's revelations prove to have lasting repercussions, especially for Caroline when she goes into premature labour. Bella and Josh deliberate over the best way to deal with their father's suicide, the search for Lizzie continues and Maureen is finally able to lay Jimmy to rest, after Claire has been identified as his murderer.

text: Series 2 (2017)[edit]

text:
No.
Title
Directed by
Written by
Ratings (in millions)[7]
Sourced by BARB.
Original airdate

1 (7)
"Episode 1"
Andy Wilson
Chris Lang
7.29
5 January 2017 (2017-01-05)

Workers dredging the River Lea in London discover a body in a suitcase that may have been in the water for long time. Cassie and Sunny are assigned the case and try to identify the victim through his watch and pager. Meanwhile, in Brighton criminal barrister Colin Osborne (Mark Bonnar) and his husband, Simon (Charlie Condou), are adopting a ten-year old girl. They are blackmailed by her birth mother's partner, Tyler, who witnessed Colin keying the car of a homophobe. In London, Marion Kelsey (Rosie Cavaliero) works as a nurse on a children's cancer ward and is struggling to balance supporting her patients, her marriage and dealing with her family. In Salisbury, teacher Sara Mahmoud (Badira Timini) attends an interview for a headmistress position. In the Cotswolds, Jason Walker who struggles to maintain relationships with women, is visited by his mother Tessa on his birthday. Sunny identifies the watch's owner as David Walker, who disappeared in May 1990. Cassie and Sunny notify his wife Tessa Nixon (Lorraine Ashbourne), a detective inspector in Oxford who has remarried.

2 (8)
"Episode 2"
Andy Wilson
Chris Lang
7.08
12 January 2017 (2017-01-12)

As the investigation into David Walker's murder continues, the team try to decode a series of messages found on the victim's pager. One message appears to be an address in King's Cross, which is soon discovered to have been a brothel at the time of Walker's death. Cassie and Sunny interrogate Sara Mahmoud, who was known to have been working as a prostitute from the address at the time – but she denies even knowing Walker, and claims that she was on holiday in Italy at the time of the murder. A telephone number in the victim's diary leads Cassie and Sunny to Colin Osborne, who also denies ever having known Walker. Osborne, meanwhile, continues to feel the pressure from Tyler. Tessa Nixon's boss, Detective Superintendent Gill (Nathalie Armin), asks her to take restricted duties while the investigation takes its course, which she angrily refuses to do as she has not been named as a suspect in her husband's death. Cassie begins to suspect that her father, Martin, is hiding something from her when she discovers a train ticket in his pocket, and a series of unknown payments on her credit card.

3 (9)
"Episode 3"
Andy Wilson
Chris Lang
7.04
19 January 2017 (2017-01-19)

The discovery that Walker was sexually abused during his time in primary education leads the team to suspect that the perpetrator, if still alive, would be in his early 80s. Sunny interviews Walker's best friend, James Gregory (Richard Hope), who claims that in the days leading up to his death, Walker confronted the abuser, who denied being involved in any such abuse. Cassie visits the address found on the back of Walker's business card, and interviews Marion's mother and sister, Joy and Elise, who claim at the time of Walker's death, Marion was the only one living at the house and could be the only person to have given out the address. Checks on Marion's criminal history reveal she was arrested in 1988 for assaulting a police officer during a protest march, and that she was living at an address with a known IRA conspirator. Meanwhile, Sara is forced to tell her husband, Hassan, about her past life, and Colin reveals that he had a mental breakdown and was sectioned just days before Walker disappeared.

4 (10)
"Episode 4"
Andy Wilson
Chris Lang
6.52
26 January 2017 (2017-01-26)

Sara's life begins to fall apart when her son overhears details from her secret past, and inadvertently manages to tell all of his friends. Meanwhile, Cassie discovers that Colin was sacked from his City job in 1989 for reportedly sexually assaulting one of his female colleagues during an office party, a fact which leads her to believe that Colin was framed for the attack. Meanwhile, Marion is suspended from work after Zoe absconds from her parents' care. As the investigation into Walker's past continues, Sunny discovers that he was heavily into S&M, and sexually attacked at least one woman whom he slept with. Concerns that his private fantasies may have spilt over into his charity work are confirmed when Ellen Price, a resident at one of the care homes where Walker volunteered, comes forward to tell the police that Walker interfered with her and other children at the home. Tyler continues to blackmail Colin, leading Simon to make a drastic decision. Paul, Tessa's second husband, fears that Jason may have inherited his father's traits.

5 (11)
"Episode 5"
Andy Wilson
Chris Lang
6.77
2 February 2017 (2017-02-02)

Sara's long lost father turns up out of the blue with some long-buried secrets about her past. Colin is shocked to discover that the rape allegation made against him was concocted by David Walker, who paid the supposed victim £5,000 to fake the story. Ellen Price revisits the location where Walker and his friends used to hold 'parties' where children were abused. Tessa's denial of David's activities is called into question when Ellen recalls David's wife having turned up at one of the parties, which forced a row in front of many of the guests. As Marion's home life continues to spiral, she tries to make things up with Zoe. Simon makes the heartbreaking decision to cease the adoption unless Colin can convince Tyler to back off. Sara's husband uncovers evidence which confirms she was in Naples at the time of the murder. With all of the possible suspects now carrying a solid alibi, Cassie and Sunny are stumped as to who the killer might be. Sunny tries to reveal his true feelings for Cassie.

6 (12)
"Episode 6"
Andy Wilson
Chris Lang
6.77
9 February 2017 (2017-02-09)

With each of the suspects having a motive, opportunity or connection to David Walker, Cassie and Sunny try to join the dots to discover who actually killed him 25 years earlier. Though Sara has provided reliable evidence that she was in Italy when the murder took place, Cassie suspects that it is too good – that it is something put together by someone who knew that one day they would need an alibi. The team wonder whether the case is part of a wider revenge plan. On that new line of investigation, the team find that Sara and Simon had been in the same psychiatric hospital at the same time, and could have met then. The team's notion is that each one killed the abuser of another, not their own abuser. While Sara denies every possibility put to her by Cassie, the scenes are cut with Sara's father telling an opposite scenario of Sara's life at age 13 to Sara's husband. After talking to Marion's sister and mother about the abuse suffered by Marion at the hands of her father, Cassie follows Marion to speak with her. She is in the back room of a pub, talking with Colin and Sara. In the next scene, Cassie then speaks with Colin alone, who tells her the details of the abuse in his childhood, at the hands of a friend of his parents. Cassie decides, and is supported by Sunny, that the three have suffered all their lives, all work in jobs of high value to society, there is no value in pursuing prison for them, and they have insufficient data for a solid court case, especially as one of the bodies was never found, and the other death is recorded as suicide. Each of the three, Colin, Sara and Marion, is shown telling the story of their past to their present spouse.

text: International broadcast[edit]

text: In the United States, the 1st series premiered on 8 April 2018 on PBS. The 2nd series premiered on 29 April 2018.

text: Notes[edit]

text: A. ^ Episodes 1 – 5's ratings are based on 28-day data from BARB for ITV and ITV+1 and 7-day data for ITV HD. Episode 6's ratings are based on 28-day data from BARB for ITV, ITV+1 and ITV HD.


document_title: List of longest-running scripted U.S. primetime television series

question_text: what is the longest running current tv show

text: This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (January 2017) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

text: This is a list of the longest-running scripted prime time television series in the United States. Only shows that have aired on a major broadcast network for seven or more seasons and at least 100 episodes are included. Those that moved to a cable network or syndication are noted below.

text: Series shaded in blue are currently in production.

text:
Number ofseasons
Series
Network
First air date
Last air date
hideNumber ofepisodes

29

The Simpsons

FOX

1989-12-17

Present

639

20

Gunsmoke

CBS

1955-09-10

1975-03-31

635

20

Law & Order

NBC

1990-09-13

2010-05-24

456

19

Law & Order: Special Victims Unit

NBC

1999-09-20

Present

434

18[1]

Lassie

CBS

1954-09-12

1971-03-21

591

16

Family Guy

FOX

1999-01-31

Present

309[2]

15

NCIS

CBS

2003-09-23

Present

356

15[3]

CSI: Crime Scene Investigation

CBS

2000-10-06

2015-02-15[3]

335[3]

15

ER

NBC

1994-09-19

2009-04-02

331

15

The Jack Benny Program

CBS (1950–1964)NBC (1964–1965)

1950-10-28[4]

1965-04-16

260

15

American Dad!

FOX (2005–2014)TBS (2014–)[5]

2005-02-06

Present

247

15

Grey's Anatomy

ABC

2005-03-27

Present

317

14

The Adventures of Ozzie and Harriet

ABC

1952-10-03

1966-04-23

435

14

Bonanza

NBC

1959-09-12

1973-01-16

431

14

Armstrong Circle Theatre

NBC (1950–1957)CBS (1957–1963)

1950-06-06

1963-06-05

370

14

Dallas

CBS

1978-04-02

1991-05-03

357

14

Knots Landing

CBS

1979-12-27

1993-05-13

344

13

Criminal Minds

CBS

2005-09-22

Present

299

14

Supernatural

WB (2005–2006)CW (2006–)

2005-09-13

Present

287

14

King of the Hill

FOX

1997-01-12

2009-09-13

259[6]

14

My Three Sons

ABC (1960–1965)CBS (1965–1972)

1960-09-29

1972-04-13

380

12

It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia

FX

2005-08-04

Present

134

12

Hawaii Five-O

CBS

1968-09-26

1980-04-26

279

12

Murder, She Wrote

CBS

1984-09-01

1996-05-19

264

12

Two and a Half Men

CBS

2003-09-22

2015-02-19

262

12

NYPD Blue

ABC

1993-09-21

2005-03-01

261

12

Bones

FOX

2005-09-13

2017-03-28

246

11

Kraft Television Theatre

NBC

1947-05-07

1958-10-01

525

11

The Danny Thomas Show[7]

ABC (1953–1957)CBS (1957–1964)

1953-09-29

1964-04-27

344

11

Cheers

NBC

1982-09-30

1993-05-20

275

11

Frasier

NBC

1993-09-16

2004-05-13

264

11

Married... with Children

FOX

1987-04-05

1997-06-09[8]

258[8]

11

M*A*S*H

CBS

1972-09-17

1983-02-28

256

11

The Big Bang Theory

CBS

2007-09-24

Present

255

11

Happy Days

ABC

1974-01-15

1984-09-24

255

11

The Jeffersons

CBS

1975-01-18

1985-06-25

253

11

7th Heaven

WB (1996–2006)CW (2006–2007)

1996-08-26

2007-05-13

243

11[9]

The X-Files

FOX

1993-09-10

2018-03-21

210

10

General Electric Theater

NBC

1953-02-01

1962-06-03

302

10

Beverly Hills, 90210

FOX

1990-10-04

2000-05-17

293

10

The United States Steel Hour

ABC (1953–1955)CBS (1955–1963)

1953-10-27

1963-06-12

253

10

Murphy Brown

CBS

1988-11-14

1998-05-18

247

10

Friends

NBC

1994-09-22

2004-05-06

236

10

CSI: Miami

CBS

2002-09-23

2012-04-08

232

10[10]

Roseanne

ABC

1988-10-18

2018-05-22

231

10

JAG

NBC (1995–1996)CBS (1997–2005)

1995-09-01

2005-04-29

226[11]

10

Smallville

WB (2001–2006)CW (2006–2011)

2001-10-16

2011-05-13

218

09

The Beverly Hillbillies

CBS

1962-09-26

1971-03-23

274

09

Perry Mason

CBS

1957-09-21

1966-05-22

271

09

The Virginian[12]

NBC

1962-09-19

1971-03-24

249

09

The Love Boat

ABC

1977-09-24[13]

1986-05-24

244

09

The F.B.I.

ABC

1965-09-19

1974-04-28

240

09

The Drew Carey Show

ABC

1995-09-13

2004-09-08

233

09

Falcon Crest

CBS

1981-12-04

1990-05-17

227

09

Night Court

NBC

1984-01-04

1992-05-31

222

09

Dynasty

ABC

1981-01-12

1989-05-11

220

09

Family Matters

ABC (1989–1997)CBS (1997–1998)

1989-09-22

1998-07-17

220

09

NCIS: Los Angeles

CBS

2009-09-22

Present

216

09

All in the Family

CBS

1971-01-12

1981-05-21

216

09

The Middle

ABC

2009-09-30

2018-05-22

215

09

Touched by an Angel

CBS

1994-09-21

2003-04-27

211

09

The Waltons

CBS

1972-09-14

1981-06-04

210

09

Everybody Loves Raymond

CBS

1996-09-13

2005-05-16

210

09

Modern Family

ABC

2009-09-23

Present

210

09[14]

Will & Grace

NBC

1998-09-21

Present

210[14]

09

One Day at a Time

CBS

1975-12-16

1984-05-28

209

09

The Facts of Life

NBC

1979-08-24

1988-05-07

209

09

How I Met Your Mother

CBS

2005-09-19

2014-03-31

208

09

The King of Queens

CBS

1998-09-21

2007-05-14

207

09

Little House on the Prairie[15]

NBC

1974-09-11

1983-03-21

204

09

Alice

CBS

1976-08-31

1985-03-19

202

09

The Office

NBC

2005-03-24

2013-05-16

201

09

Coach

ABC

1989-02-28

1997-05-14

197

09

CSI: NY

CBS

2004-09-22

2013-02-22

197

09

Matlock

NBC (1986–1992)ABC (1992–1995)

1986-09-23

1995-05-07

195

09

One Tree Hill

WB (2003–2006)CW (2006–2012)

2003-09-23

2012-04-04

187

09

Scrubs

NBC (2001–2008)ABC (2009–2010)

2001-10-02

2010-03-17

182

09

Seinfeld

NBC

1988-09-05

1998-05-14

180

08

Schlitz Playhouse of Stars

CBS

1951-10-05

1959-03-27

347

08[16]

The Big Story

NBC[16]

1949-09-16

1957-06-28[16]

310[16]

08

The George Burns and Gracie Allen Show

CBS

1950-10-12

1958-09-15

291

08

Wagon Train

NBC (1957–1962)ABC (1962–1965)

1957-09-18

1965-05-02

284

08

Robert Montgomery Presents

NBC

1950-01-30

1957-06-24

276

08

Dragnet

NBC

1951-12-16

1959-08-23

276

08

The Donna Reed Show

ABC

1958-09-24

1966-03-19

275

08[17]

Mama

CBS

1949-07-01

1956-07-27[17]

261[17]

08

Bewitched

ABC

1964-09-17

1972-03-25

254

08

The Andy Griffith Show

CBS

1960-10-03

1968-04-01

249

08

Ford Theatre

CBS (1948–1951)NBC (1952–1956)ABC (1956–1957)

1948-10-17

1957-06-26

245

08

Home Improvement

ABC

1991-09-17

1999-05-25

224

08

Diff'rent Strokes

NBC (1978–1985)ABC (1985–1986)

1978-11-03

1986-05-07

222

08

Simon & Simon

CBS

1981-11-24

1989-01-21

156

08

Rawhide

CBS

1959-01-09

1965-12-07

217

08

Laverne & Shirley

ABC

1976-01-27

1983-05-10

216

08

Walker, Texas Ranger

CBS

1993-04-21

2001-05-19

201

08

The Cosby Show

NBC

1984-09-20

1992-04-30

201

08

That '70s Show

FOX

1998-08-23

2006-05-18

200

08

Who's the Boss?

ABC

1984-09-20

1992-04-25

196

08

Ironside

NBC

1967-09-14[18]

1975-01-16[19]

196[19]

08

Mannix

CBS

1967-09-16

1975-04-13

194

08

Hawaii Five-0

CBS

2010-09-20

Present

193

08

Full House

ABC

1987-09-22

1995-05-23

192

08[20]

24

FOX

2001-11-06

2010-05-24[20]

192[20]

08

According to Jim

ABC

2001-10-03

2009-06-02

182

08

Desperate Housewives

ABC

2004-10-03

2012-05-13

180

08

Barnaby Jones

CBS

1973-01-28

1980-04-03

178

08

Diagnosis: Murder

CBS

1993-10-29

2001-05-11

178

08

The Practice

ABC

1997-03-04

2004-05-16

178

08

Charmed

WB

1998-10-07

2006-05-21

178

08

House M.D.

FOX

2004-11-16

2012-05-21

177

08

Blue Bloods

CBS

2010-09-24

Present

177

08

Castle

ABC

2009-03-09

2016-05-16

173

08

Three's Company

ABC

1977-03-15

1984-09-18

172

08

Wings

NBC

1990-04-19

1997-05-21

172

08

Girlfriends

UPN (2000–2006)CW (2006–2008)

2000-09-11

2008-02-11

172

08

L.A. Law

NBC

1986-10-03[21]

1994-05-19

171

08

The Vampire Diaries

CW

2009-09-10

2017-03-10

171

08

Barney Miller

ABC

1975-01-23

1982-05-20

168

08

The Loretta Young Show

NBC

1953-09-02

1961-06-04

165

08

Magnum, P.I.

CBS

1980-12-11

1988-05-08

162

08

Perfect Strangers

ABC

1986-03-25

1993-08-06

150

08

Bob's Burgers

FOX

2011-01-09

Present

150

08

Quincy, M.E.

NBC

1976-10-03

1983-09-04

148

08

Suits

USA

2011-06-23

Present

114

07

Captain Video and His Video Rangers

DuMont

1949-06-27

1955-04-01

1537[22][better source needed][23]

07

Lux Video Theatre

CBS (1950–1954)NBC (1954–1957)

1950-10-02

1957-09-12

336

07

Fireside Theater

NBC

1949-04-05

1958-05-22

268

07[24]

Alfred Hitchcock Presents[24]

CBS (1955–1960)NBC (1960–1962)

1955-10-02

1962-06-26[24]

267[24]

07

The Philco Television Playhouse

NBC

1948-10-03

1955-10-02

251

07

Melrose Place

FOX

1992-07-08

1999-05-24

226

07

Petticoat Junction

CBS

1963-09-24

1970-04-04

222

07

Step by Step

ABC (1991–1997)CBS (1997–1998)

1991-09-20

1998-06-26

215

07

The Golden Girls

NBC

1985-09-14

1992-05-21

180

07

Family Ties

NBC

1982-09-22

1989-05-14

176

07

Adam-12

NBC

1968-09-21

1975-05-20

174

07

Star Trek: Voyager

UPN

1995-01-16

2001-05-23

172

07

Mission: Impossible

CBS

1966-09-17

1973-03-30

171

07

Medical Center

CBS

1969-09-24[25]

1976-09-06

171

07

Empty Nest

NBC

1988-10-08

1995-04-29

170

07

Marcus Welby, M.D.

ABC

1969-09-23[26]

1976-05-04

169

07

The Mary Tyler Moore Show

CBS

1970-09-19

1977-03-19

168

07

Growing Pains

ABC

1985-09-24

1992-04-25

166

07

Mad About You

NBC

1992-09-23

1999-05-24

164

07

Designing Women

CBS

1986-09-29

1993-05-24

163

07

Sabrina, the Teenage Witch

ABC (1996–2000)WB (2000–2003)

1996-09-27

2003-04-24

163

07

Without a Trace

CBS

2002-09-26

2009-05-19

160

07

Pretty Little Liars

ABC

2010-06-08

2017-06-07

160

07

Benson

ABC

1979-09-13

1986-04-19

158

07

Boy Meets World

ABC

1993-09-24

2000-05-05

158

07

The West Wing

NBC

1999-09-22

2006-05-14

156

07

Cold Case

CBS

2003-09-28

2010-05-02

156

07

The Good Wife

CBS

2009-09-22

2016-05-08

156

07

Once Upon a Time

ABC

2011-10-23

2018-05-18

155

07

Hunter

NBC

1984-09-18

1991-04-26

153

07

Gilmore Girls

WB (2000–2006)CW (2006–2007)

2000-10-05

2007-05-15

153

07

Fantasy Island

ABC

1978-01-28[27]

1984-05-19

152

07

Trapper John, M.D.

CBS

1979-09-23

1986-09-04

151

07

Malcolm in the Middle

FOX

2000-01-09

2006-05-14

151

07

The Mentalist

CBS

2008-09-23

2015-02-18

151

07

Just Shoot Me!

NBC

1997-03-04

2003-08-16

148

07

The Dukes of Hazzard

CBS

1979-01-26

1985-02-08

146

07

Hill Street Blues

NBC

1981-01-15

1987-05-12

146

07

New Girl

FOX

2011-09-20

2018-05-15

146

07

Buffy the Vampire Slayer

WB (1997–2001)UPN (2001–2003)

1997-03-10

2003-05-20

144

07

In the Heat of the Night

NBC (1988–1992)CBS (1992–1994)

1988-03-06

1994-05-11

142

07

Futurama

Fox/Comedy Central

1999-03-28

2013-09-03

140

07

MacGyver

ABC

1985-09-29

1992-05-21

139

07

Medium

NBC (2005–2009)CBS (2009–2011)

2005-01-03

2011-01-21

130

07

Emergency!

NBC

1972

1979

128

07

Cagney & Lacey

CBS

1982-03-25[28]

1988-05-16

125

07

Scandal

ABC

2012-04-05

2018-04-19

124

07

Homicide: Life on the Street

NBC

1993-01-31

1999-05-21

122

07

Cheyenne

ABC

1955-09-20[29]

1962-12-17

108

07

Rules of Engagement

CBS

2007-02-05

2013-05-20

100


document_title: Swarley

question_text: who plays crazy eyes in how i met your mother

text: Swarley

text: Plot[edit]

text: This article's plot summary may be too long or excessively detailed. Please help improve it by removing unnecessary details and making it more concise. (June 2015) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

text: The guys go to a coffee shop, where Ted points out that Chloe (Morena Baccarin), the girl working there, has drawn a heart next to Marshall's name on his cup. Ted insists that Chloe has a crush on Marshall because she always laughs at his lame joke about how they fit a pumpkin into a pumpkin-flavored latte. As Marshall leaves, his name is called for (an unordered) pumpkin latte on which Chloe has written her number. Later, when Marshall introduces Chloe to Ted and Barney at the bar, they tell him that she has the "Crazy Eyes", an indicator of future mental instability. Both Ted and Barney give Marshall examples of their experiences with this malady; Barney's crazy-eyed date wanted a threesome with a teddy bear, while Ted's crazy-eyed date picked up a long metal rod and repeatedly hit a car that nearly hit them as they were about to cross the street. Marshall shrugs it off. The next day, as Marshall is taking a test, he receives a call from Chloe who says that she is being followed by a hunchback with a limp. Later, Marshall takes Chloe back to his apartment and suspects that she broke a picture of him and Lily that was sitting on the end table. However, it turns out that Lily has been hiding in the apartment, and pops out (much to Marshall and Chloe's surprise). Lily introduces herself, and leaves the apartment dejected and crying. Marshall follows her out to the steps, leaving Chloe sitting on the sofa.

text: Lily confides in Robin that she is scared by the idea of Marshall going out on a date with another woman. Despite hearing that Ted believes she has crazy eyes, Lily wants to see what Chloe looks like. It turns out that Lily was the hunchback following Chloe—she was carrying a book bag, then covered herself with a coat to shield herself from the rain (the hump), and limped because she hit her knee while concentrating on seeing the face of Chloe. Lily, while visiting Ted and Robin in the apartment, realized that Marshall had moved the picture of the two of them. She sneaked into the apartment before Marshall brings Chloe home to put it in a more conspicuous place, and it broke. While hiding from Marshall and Chloe, she got upset and jumped out.

text: Marshall realizes that he should get back together with Lily even though he says that Lily has the craziest eyes he's ever seen. Six months after Ted came back to the apartment and found Marshall alone and upset after the engagement ended, he returns to find Marshall and Lily happy and back together. The gang first goes to McLaren's for a drink and then returns upstairs to the apartment, finding it has been ransacked by Chloe who has been "searching" for her "lost" keys which are in fact sitting in plain sight on the coffee table in front of where she had been sitting. Marshall points out the keys and Chloe departs, leaving a nonplussed gang and apparently proving the "Crazy Eyes" theory.

text: Meanwhile, Chloe writes Barney's name as "Swarley", prompting everyone to call him the name for the duration of the episode. Barney protests, but variations on the nickname become a running gag throughout the episode. Just prior to leaving the apartment, Chloe calls Robin "Roland", and Barney tries to use it as an opportunity to stop everyone from calling him "Swarley". In the final scene, however, Barney walks into the bar, everyone shouts "Swarley", and he turns and walks out dejectedly as Carl the bartender plays the Cheers theme: "Where Everybody Knows Your Name." The credits are then presented in the same font used on the show Cheers.

text: Critical reception[edit]

text: Staci Krause of IGN said "the whole Swarley joke had gotten very old" by the end of the episode, although "it was funny for the first ten or so times" and "the homage paid to Cheers was well appreciated". Krause said the animated effects used for the women with 'crazy eyes' was "rather stupid", but that the story came to a "great conclusion" as Lily crying was "one of the best emotional moments this show has ever given us".[1]

text: Both Digital Spy and Radio Times listed "Swarley" as one of the ten best How I Met Your Mother episodes, with the latter describing it as "one of the most ridiculous episodes of How I Met Your Mother", but claiming "that's exactly why it works".[2][3]


document_title: Violation (basketball)

question_text: when does an offsides violation occur in basketball

text: Violation (basketball)

text:
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text: In basketball, a violation is the most minor class of illegal action. Most violations are committed by the team with possession of the ball, when a player mishandles the ball or makes an illegal move. The typical penalty for a violation is loss of the ball to the other team. This is one type of turnover.

text: Wikipedia has the following articles on violations:

text:
Ball-handling violations:

Backcourt violation (Over and back)
Carrying
Double-dribble
Traveling

Excessive time taken:

Defensive three-second violation (Illegal defense) (penalized as a technical foul)
Five-second rule
Shot clock violation, and the related time limit to reach the frontcourt (8- or 10-second violation)
Three seconds rule (Lane violation)

Other violations:

Basket interference
Goaltending

text: Stepping out of bounds and throwing the ball out of bounds may also be considered violations that result in loss of the ball.

text: Acts involving contact between opponents or unsportsmanlike conduct are called fouls, usually a personal foul.

text:
[hide]

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Basketball (outline)

General topics

History of basketball
James Naismith
Variations of basketball
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Glossary of terms
Index of articles

Rules

Bonus
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Officials
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Violation

3 seconds

Offense
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5 seconds
Basket interference
Carrying
Double dribble
Goaltending
Shot clock
Traveling

Foul

Flagrant
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Strategy

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Defense

1-2-1-1
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Amoeba
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Double team
Full-court press
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Line
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Zone

Equipment

Backboard
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Key
Net
Possession arrow
Whistle

Clothing

Basketball sleeve
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Air Jordan
Chuck Taylor All-Stars

Miscellaneous

100-point scorers
50–40–90 club
AAU All-Americans
AAU champions
Mikan Drill
Player tracking
Shootaround
Tip drill
Winning streaks

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