document_title: Men's major golf championships

question_text: who has the most second place finishes in golf majors

root

text: Men's major golf championships

text: Importance[edit]

text: Alongside the biennial Ryder Cup and Presidents Cup team competitions, the majors are golf's marquee events. Elite players from all over the world participate in them, and the reputations of the greatest players in golf history are largely based on the number and variety of major championship victories they accumulate. The top prizes are not actually the largest in golf, being surpassed by The Players Championship, three of the four World Golf Championships events (the HSBC Champions, promoted to WGC status in 2009, has a top prize comparable to that of the majors), and some other invitational events. However, winning a major boosts a player's career far more than winning any other tournament. If he is already a leading player, he will probably receive large bonuses from his sponsors and may be able to negotiate better contracts. If he is an unknown, he will immediately be signed up. Perhaps more importantly, he will receive an exemption from the need to annually re-qualify for a tour card on his home tour, thus giving a tournament golfer some security in an unstable profession. Currently, the PGA Tour gives a five-year exemption to all major winners, while the European Tour gives a seven-year exemption.

tag: p

text: Three of the four majors take place in the United States. The Masters is played at the same course, Augusta National Golf Club, every year, while the other three rotate courses (the Open Championship, however, is always played on a links course). Each of the majors has a distinct history, and they are run by four different golf organizations, but their special status is recognized worldwide. Major championship winners receive the maximum possible allocation of 100 points from the Official World Golf Ranking, which is endorsed by all of the main tours, and major championship prize money is official on the three richest regular (i.e. under-50) golf tours, the PGA Tour, European Tour and Japan Golf Tour.

text: Although the majors are considered prestigious due to their history and traditions, there are still other non-"major" tournaments which prominently feature top players competing for purses meeting or exceeding those of the four traditional majors, such as the World Golf Championships, the European Tour's DP World Tour Championship, Dubai, and the PGA Tour's Players Championship. As The Players has the largest prize fund of any golf event, and is promoted as the tour's flagship tournament, it is frequently considered to be an unofficial "fifth major" by players and critics. After the announcement that the Evian Masters would be recognized as the fifth women's major by the LPGA Tour, players shared objections to the concept of having a fifth men's major, owing to the long-standing traditions that the existing four have established.[3][4]

text: History[edit]

text: The majors originally consisted of two British tournaments, The Open Championship and The Amateur Championship, and two American tournaments, the U.S. Open and the U.S. Amateur. With the introduction of the Masters Tournament in 1934, and the rise of professional golf in the late 1940s and 1950s, the term "major championships" eventually came to describe the Masters, the U.S. Open, the Open Championship, and the PGA Championship. It is difficult to determine when the definition changed to include the current four tournaments, although many trace it to Arnold Palmer's 1960 season. After winning the Masters and the U.S. Open to start the season, he remarked that if he could win the Open Championship and PGA Championship to finish the season, he would complete "a grand slam of his own" to rival Bobby Jones's 1930 feat. Until that time, many U.S. players such as Byron Nelson also considered the Western Open and the North and South Open as two of golf's "majors,"[5] and the British PGA Matchplay Championship was as important to British and Commonwealth professionals as the PGA Championship was to Americans.

text: During the 1950s, the short-lived World Championship of Golf was viewed as a "major" by its competitors, as its first prize was worth almost ten times any other event in the game, and it was the first event whose finale was televised live on U.S. television. The oldest of the majors is The Open Championship, commonly referred to as the "British Open" outside the United Kingdom. Dominated by American champions in the 1920s and 1930s, the comparative explosion in the riches available on the U.S. Tour from the 1940s onwards meant that the lengthy overseas trip needed to qualify and compete in the event became increasingly prohibitive for the leading American professionals. Their regular participation dwindled after the war years. Ben Hogan entered just once in 1953 and won, but never returned. Sam Snead won in 1946 but lost money on the trip (first prize was $600) and did not return until 1962.

text: Golf writer Dan Jenkins, often seen as the world authority on majors since he's attended more (200+) than anyone else, has noted that "the pros didn't talk much about majors back then. I think it was Herbert Warren Wind who starting using the term. He said golfers had to be judged by the major tournaments they won, but it's not like there was any set number of major tournaments."[6]

text: In 1960, Arnold Palmer entered The Open Championship in an attempt to emulate Hogan's 1953 feat of winning on his first visit. Though a runner-up by a stroke in his first attempt, Palmer returned and won the next two in 1961 and 1962. Scheduling difficulties persisted with the PGA Championship, but more Americans began competing in the 1960s, restoring the event's prestige (and with it the prize money that once again made it an attractive prospect to other American pros). The advent of transatlantic jet travel helped to boost American participation in The Open. A discussion between Palmer and Pittsburgh golf writer Bob Drum led to the concept of the modern Grand Slam of Golf.[7]

text: In August 2017, after the previous year's edition was scheduled earlier due to golf at the 2016 Summer Olympics, the PGA of America announced that the PGA Championship would be moved to late-May beginning in 2019, in between the Masters and U.S. Open. The PGA Tour concurrently announced that it would move the Players Championship back to March the same year; as a result, the Players and the four majors will still be played across five consecutive months.[8][2]

text: Television coverage[edit]

text: United Kingdom & Ireland[edit]

text: In the United Kingdom, the BBC used to be the exclusive TV home of the Masters Tournament and the Open Championship, however from 2011 onwards Sky Sports has exclusive live coverage of the first two days of the Masters, with the weekend rounds shared with the BBC. The U.S. Open is shown exclusively on Sky Sports. Beginning in 2016, Sky Sports also became the exclusive broadcaster of the Open Championship; the BBC elected to forego the final year of its contract.[9] The BBC continues to hold rights to broadcast a nightly highlights programme.[10]

text: Sky also held rights to the PGA Championship, but in July 2017, it was reported that the PGA of America had declined to renew its contract, seeking a different media model for the tournament in the United Kingdom.[11] The BBC acquired rights to the PGA Championship for 2017, with most coverage relegated to BBC Red Button and the conclusion of coverage on BBC Two. The PGA reached a separate deal to also stream coverage in the UK via Facebook Live, hosted by GiveMeSport.[12] [13]

text: United States[edit]

text: As none of the majors fall under the direct jurisdiction of tours, broadcast rights for these events are negotiated separately with each sanctioning body. All four majors have been broadcast at some point by one of the "big three" networks—all of whom are currently or have previously been PGA Tour broadcast partners. In 2015, CBS was the only big three network that held weekend-round rights to one or more majors, as the remainder, along with early round coverage of all four, were held either by Fox or cable networks.

text: The Masters has been televised by CBS since 1956. Beginning in 1966, ABC obtained the broadcast rights for the other three majors and held them for a quarter century. The PGA Championship moved to CBS in 1991 and the U.S. Open returned to NBC in 1995.[14][15]

text: ABC retained The Open Championship as its sole major, but moved its live coverage on the weekend to sister cable network ESPN in 2010. In June 2015, it was announced that NBC and Golf Channel would acquire rights to the Open Championship under a 12-year deal.[16] While the NBC deal was originally to take effect in 2017, ESPN chose to opt out of its final year of Open rights, so the NBC contract took effect beginning in 2016 instead.[9]

text: The Masters operates under one-year contracts; CBS has been the main TV partner every year since 1956, with ESPN broadcasting CBS-produced coverage of the first and second rounds since 2008, replacing USA Network, which had shown the event since the early 1980s.[17] As of 2015, Fox Sports holds broadcast rights to the U.S. Open and other USGA events, replacing NBC and ESPN, with Fox Sports 1 as the primary pay TV outlet.[18] CBS and Turner Sports hold rights to the PGA Championship, with TNT handling early round and weekend morning coverage, and CBS airing weekend afternoon coverage. Their respective contracts with the PGA of America run through 2019.[19][20]

text: Distinctive characteristics of majors[edit]

text: Because each major was developed and is run by a different organization, they each have different characteristics that set them apart. These involve the character of the courses used, the composition of the field, and other idiosyncrasies.

text:
The Masters Tournament (sometimes referred to as the U.S. Masters) is the only major that is played at the same course every year (Augusta National Golf Club), being the invitational tournament of that club. The Masters invites the smallest field of the majors, generally under 100 players (although, like all the majors, it now ensures entry for all golfers among the world's top 50 prior to the event), and is the only one of the four majors that does not use "alternates" to replace qualified players who do not enter the event (usually due to injury). Former champions have a lifetime invitation to compete, and also included in the field are the current champions of the major amateur championships, and most of the previous year's PGA Tour winners (winners of "alternate" events held opposite a high-profile tournament do not receive automatic invitations). The traditions of Augusta, such as the awarding of a green jacket to the champion, create a distinctive character for the tournament, as does the course itself, with its lack of primary rough but severely undulating fairways and greens, and punitive use of ponds and creeks on several key holes on the back nine.
The U.S. Open is notorious for being played on difficult courses that have tight fairways, challenging greens, demanding pin positions and thick and high rough, placing a great premium on accuracy, especially with driving and approach play. Additionally, while most regular tour events are played on courses with par 72, the U.S. Open has almost never been held on a par-72 course in recent decades; the 2017 event will be the first since 1992 to be played at par 72.[21] During this time, the tournament course has occasionally been played to a par of 71 but most commonly par 70. The U.S. Open is rarely won with a score much under par. The event is the championship of the United States Golf Association, and in having a very strict exempt qualifiers list – made up of recent major champions, professionals currently ranked high in the world rankings or on the previous year's money lists around the world, and leading amateurs from recent USGA events – about half of the 156-person field still enters the tournament through two rounds of open qualification events, mostly held in the U.S. but also in Europe and Japan. The U.S. Open has no barrier to entry for either women or junior players, as long as they are a professional or meet amateur handicap requirements. As of 2016, however, no female golfer has yet qualified for the U.S. Open, although in 2006 Michelle Wie made it to the second qualifying stage. The U.S. Open continues to have an 18-hole playoff if players are tied after four rounds. (The Open and PGA Championships use four- and three-hole aggregate playoffs respectively, followed by sudden death if necessary, and most regular events as well as the Masters only have simple sudden-death playoffs.) The Sunday of the Championship has also in recent years fallen on Father's Day (at least as recognized in the US and the UK) which has lent added poignancy to winners' speeches.
The Open Championship (sometimes referred to as the British Open) is organized by The R&A, an offshoot of The Royal and Ancient Golf Club of St Andrews, and is typically played on a links-style course in the United Kingdom (primarily England or Scotland). It carries the prestige of being the oldest professional golf tournament currently in existence and the original "Open" championship (although the very first event was held only for British professionals). It is respected for maintaining the tradition of links play that dates back to the very invention of the game in Scotland. Links courses are generally typified as coastal, flat and often very windswept, with the fairways cut through dune grass and gorse bushes that make up the "rough", and have deep bunkers. The course is generally not "doctored" to make it more difficult, effectively making the variable weather the main external influence on the field's score.[22] As well as exempting from qualifying recent professional major and amateur champions, all former Open Championship winners under age 60, and leading players from the world rankings, the R&A ensures that leading golfers from around the globe are given the chance to enter by holding qualifying events on all continents, as well as holding final qualifying events around the UK in the weeks prior to the main tournament. The champion receives (and has his name inscribed on the base of) the famous Claret Jug, a trophy that dates back to 1872 (champions from 1860 until 1871 received instead a championship belt, much like a champion professional boxer's belt nowadays) and the engraving of the champions' name on the trophy prior to them receiving it is, in itself, one of the traditions of the closing ceremony of the championship, as is the award of the silver medal to the leading amateur player to have made the cut to play the last 36 holes.
The PGA Championship (sometimes referred to as the U.S. PGA) is traditionally played at a parkland club in the United States, and the courses chosen tend to be as difficult as those chosen for the U.S. Open, with several, such as Baltusrol Golf Club, Medinah Country Club, Oakland Hills Country Club, Oak Hill Country Club, and Winged Foot Golf Club, having hosted both. The PGA generally does not set up the course as difficult as the USGA does. The PGA of America enters into a profit-sharing agreement with the host club (except when the event is hosted by Valhalla Golf Club in Louisville, Kentucky, a club that it owns). In a parallel with The Masters, previous winners of the PGA Championship have a lifetime invitation to compete. As well as inviting recent champions of the other three professional majors and leading players from the world rankings, the PGA Championship field is completed by qualifiers held among members of the PGA of America, the organization of club and teaching professionals that are separate from the members of the PGA Tour. The PGA Championship is also the only one of the four majors to invite all winners of PGA Tour events in the year preceding the tournament. Amateur golfers do not normally play on the PGA Tour, and could only qualify by winning one of the other three majors, winning a PGA Tour event while playing under a sponsor's exemption, or having a high world ranking. The PGA tends to be played in high heat and humidity that characterize the American climate in August, which often sets it apart as a challenge from (in particular) the Open Championship which precedes it, that is often played in cooler and rainy weather.

tag: ul

text: Major championship winners[edit]

text: Win number out of total wins is shown in parentheses for golfers with more than one major championship.

text:
Year
Masters Tournament[23]
U.S. Open[24]
The Open Championship[25]
PGA Championship[26]

2018
April 5–8, Augusta National
June 14–17, Shinnecock Hills
July 19–22, Carnoustie Golf Links
August 9–12, Bellerive Country Club

2017
 Sergio García
 Brooks Koepka
 Jordan Spieth (3/3)
 Justin Thomas

2016
 Danny Willett
 Dustin Johnson
 Henrik Stenson
 Jimmy Walker

2015
 Jordan Spieth (1/3)
 Jordan Spieth (2/3)
 Zach Johnson (2/2)
 Jason Day

2014
 Bubba Watson (2/2)
 Martin Kaymer (2/2)
 Rory McIlroy (3/4)
 Rory McIlroy (4/4)

2013
 Adam Scott
 Justin Rose
 Phil Mickelson (5/5)
 Jason Dufner

2012
 Bubba Watson (1/2)
 Webb Simpson
 Ernie Els (4/4)
 Rory McIlroy (2/4)

2011
 Charl Schwartzel
 Rory McIlroy (1/4)
 Darren Clarke
 Keegan Bradley

2010
 Phil Mickelson (4/5)
 Graeme McDowell
 Louis Oosthuizen
 Martin Kaymer (1/2)

2009
 Ángel Cabrera (2/2)
 Lucas Glover
 Stewart Cink
 Yang Yong-eun

2008
 Trevor Immelman
 Tiger Woods (14/14)
 Pádraig Harrington (2/3)
 Pádraig Harrington (3/3)

2007
 Zach Johnson (1/2)
 Ángel Cabrera (1/2)
 Pádraig Harrington (1/3)
 Tiger Woods (13/14)

2006
 Phil Mickelson (3/5)
 Geoff Ogilvy
 Tiger Woods (11/14)
 Tiger Woods (12/14)

2005
 Tiger Woods (9/14)
 Michael Campbell
 Tiger Woods (10/14)
 Phil Mickelson (2/5)

2004
 Phil Mickelson (1/5)
 Retief Goosen (2/2)
 Todd Hamilton
 Vijay Singh (3/3)

2003
 Mike Weir
 Jim Furyk
 Ben Curtis
 Shaun Micheel

2002
 Tiger Woods (7/14)
 Tiger Woods (8/14)
 Ernie Els (3/4)
 Rich Beem

2001
 Tiger Woods (6/14)
 Retief Goosen (1/2)
 David Duval
 David Toms

2000
 Vijay Singh (2/3)
 Tiger Woods (3/14)
 Tiger Woods (4/14)
 Tiger Woods (5/14)

1999
 José María Olazábal (2/2)
 Payne Stewart (3/3)
 Paul Lawrie
 Tiger Woods (2/14)

1998
 Mark O'Meara (1/2)
 Lee Janzen (2/2)
 Mark O'Meara (2/2)
 Vijay Singh (1/3)

1997
 Tiger Woods (1/14)
 Ernie Els (2/4)
 Justin Leonard
 Davis Love III

1996
 Nick Faldo (6/6)
 Steve Jones
 Tom Lehman
 Mark Brooks

1995
 Ben Crenshaw (2/2)
 Corey Pavin
 John Daly (2/2)
 Steve Elkington

1994
 José María Olazábal (1/2)
 Ernie Els (1/4)
 Nick Price (2/3)
 Nick Price (3/3)

1993
 Bernhard Langer (2/2)
 Lee Janzen (1/2)
 Greg Norman (2/2)
 Paul Azinger

1992
 Fred Couples
 Tom Kite
 Nick Faldo (5/6)
 Nick Price (1/3)

1991
 Ian Woosnam
 Payne Stewart (2/3)
 Ian Baker-Finch
 John Daly (1/2)

1990
 Nick Faldo (3/6)
 Hale Irwin (3/3)
 Nick Faldo (4/6)
 Wayne Grady

1989
 Nick Faldo (2/6)
 Curtis Strange (2/2)
 Mark Calcavecchia
 Payne Stewart (1/3)

1988
 Sandy Lyle (2/2)
 Curtis Strange (1/2)
 Seve Ballesteros (5/5)
 Jeff Sluman

1987
 Larry Mize
 Scott Simpson
 Nick Faldo (1/6)
 Larry Nelson (3/3)

1986
 Jack Nicklaus (18/18)
 Raymond Floyd (4/4)
 Greg Norman (1/2)
 Bob Tway

1985
 Bernhard Langer (1/2)
 Andy North (2/2)
 Sandy Lyle (1/2)
 Hubert Green (2/2)

1984
 Ben Crenshaw (1/2)
 Fuzzy Zoeller (2/2)
 Seve Ballesteros (4/5)
 Lee Trevino (6/6)

1983
 Seve Ballesteros (3/5)
 Larry Nelson (2/3)
 Tom Watson (8/8)
 Hal Sutton

1982
 Craig Stadler
 Tom Watson (6/8)
 Tom Watson (7/8)
 Raymond Floyd (3/4)

1981
 Tom Watson (5/8)
 David Graham (2/2)
 Bill Rogers
 Larry Nelson (1/3)

1980
 Seve Ballesteros (2/5)
 Jack Nicklaus (16/18)
 Tom Watson (4/8)
 Jack Nicklaus (17/18)

1979
 Fuzzy Zoeller (1/2)
 Hale Irwin (2/3)
 Seve Ballesteros (1/5)
 David Graham (1/2)

1978
 Gary Player (9/9)
 Andy North (1/2)
 Jack Nicklaus (15/18)
 John Mahaffey

1977
 Tom Watson (2/8)
 Hubert Green (1/2)
 Tom Watson (3/8)
 Lanny Wadkins

1976
 Raymond Floyd (2/4)
 Jerry Pate
 Johnny Miller (2/2)
 Dave Stockton (2/2)

1975
 Jack Nicklaus (13/18)
 Lou Graham
 Tom Watson (1/8)
 Jack Nicklaus (14/18)

1974
 Gary Player (7/9)
 Hale Irwin (1/3)
 Gary Player (8/9)
 Lee Trevino (5/6)

1973
 Tommy Aaron
 Johnny Miller (1/2)
 Tom Weiskopf
 Jack Nicklaus (12/18)

1972
 Jack Nicklaus (10/18)
 Jack Nicklaus (11/18)
 Lee Trevino (4/6)
 Gary Player (6/9)

1971
 Charles Coody
 Lee Trevino (2/6)
 Lee Trevino (3/6)
 Jack Nicklaus (9/18)

1970
 Billy Casper (3/3)
 Tony Jacklin (2/2)
 Jack Nicklaus (8/18)
 Dave Stockton (1/2)

1969
 George Archer
 Orville Moody
 Tony Jacklin (1/2)
 Raymond Floyd (1/4)

1968
 Bob Goalby
 Lee Trevino (1/6)
 Gary Player (5/9)
 Julius Boros (3/3)

1967
 Gay Brewer
 Jack Nicklaus (7/18)
 Roberto DeVicenzo
 Don January

1966
 Jack Nicklaus (5/18)
 Billy Casper (2/3)
 Jack Nicklaus (6/18)
 Al Geiberger

1965
 Jack Nicklaus (4/18)
 Gary Player (4/9)
 Peter Thomson (5/5)
 Dave Marr

1964
 Arnold Palmer (7/7)
 Ken Venturi
 Tony Lema
 Bobby Nichols

1963
 Jack Nicklaus (2/18)
 Julius Boros (2/3)
 Bob Charles
 Jack Nicklaus (3/18)

1962
 Arnold Palmer (5/7)
 Jack Nicklaus (1/18)
 Arnold Palmer (6/7)
 Gary Player (3/9)

1961
 Gary Player (2/9)
 Gene Littler
 Arnold Palmer (4/7)
 Jerry Barber

1960
 Arnold Palmer (2/7)
 Arnold Palmer (3/7)
 Kel Nagle
 Jay Hebert

1959
 Art Wall, Jr.
 Billy Casper (1/3)
 Gary Player (1/9)
 Bob Rosburg

1958
 Arnold Palmer (1/7)
 Tommy Bolt
 Peter Thomson (4/5)
 Dow Finsterwald

1957
 Doug Ford (2/2)
 Dick Mayer
 Bobby Locke (4/4)
 Lionel Hebert

1956
 Jack Burke, Jr. (1/2)
 Cary Middlecoff (3/3)
 Peter Thomson (3/5)
 Jack Burke, Jr. (2/2)

1955
 Cary Middlecoff (2/3)
 Jack Fleck
 Peter Thomson (2/5)
 Doug Ford (1/2)

1954
 Sam Snead (7/7)
 Ed Furgol
 Peter Thomson (1/5)
 Chick Harbert

1953
 Ben Hogan (7/9)
 Ben Hogan (8/9)
 Ben Hogan (9/9)
 Walter Burkemo

1952
 Sam Snead (6/7)
 Julius Boros (1/3)
 Bobby Locke (3/4)
 Jim Turnesa

1951
 Ben Hogan (5/9)
 Ben Hogan (6/9)
 Max Faulkner
 Sam Snead (5/7)

1950
 Jimmy Demaret (3/3)
 Ben Hogan (4/9)
 Bobby Locke (2/4)
 Chandler Harper

1949
 Sam Snead (3/7)
 Cary Middlecoff (1/3)
 Bobby Locke (1/4)
 Sam Snead (4/7)

1948
 Claude Harmon
 Ben Hogan (3/9)
 Henry Cotton (3/3)
 Ben Hogan (2/9)

1947
 Jimmy Demaret (2/3)
 Lew Worsham
 Fred Daly
 Jim Ferrier

1946
 Herman Keiser
 Lloyd Mangrum
 Sam Snead (2/7)
 Ben Hogan (1/9)

1945
Not held due to World War II
Not held due to World War II
Not held due to World War II
 Byron Nelson (5/5)

1944
 Bob Hamilton

1943
Not held due to World War II

1942
 Byron Nelson (4/5)
 Sam Snead (1/7)

1941
 Craig Wood (1/2)
 Craig Wood (2/2)
 Vic Ghezzi

1940
 Jimmy Demaret (1/3)
 Lawson Little
 Byron Nelson (3/5)

1939
 Ralph Guldahl (3/3)
 Byron Nelson (2/5)
 Dick Burton
 Henry Picard (2/2)

1938
 Henry Picard (1/2)
 Ralph Guldahl (2/3)
 Reg Whitcombe
 Paul Runyan (2/2)

1937
 Byron Nelson (1/5)
 Ralph Guldahl (1/3)
 Henry Cotton (2/3)
 Denny Shute (3/3)

1936
 Horton Smith (2/2)
 Tony Manero
 Alf Padgham
 Denny Shute (2/3)

1935
 Gene Sarazen (7/7)
 Sam Parks, Jr.
 Alf Perry
 Johnny Revolta

1934
 Horton Smith (1/2)
 Olin Dutra (2/2)
 Henry Cotton (1/3)
 Paul Runyan (1/2)

1933
Not yet founded
 Johnny Goodman
 Denny Shute (1/3)
 Gene Sarazen (6/7)

1932
 Gene Sarazen (5/7)
 Gene Sarazen (4/7)
 Olin Dutra (1/2)

1931
 Billy Burke
 Tommy Armour (3/3)
 Tom Creavy

1930
 Bobby Jones (7/7)
 Bobby Jones (6/7)
 Tommy Armour (2/3)

1929
 Bobby Jones (5/7)
 Walter Hagen (11/11)
 Leo Diegel (2/2)

1928
 Johnny Farrell
 Walter Hagen (10/11)
 Leo Diegel (1/2)

1927
 Tommy Armour (1/3)
 Bobby Jones (4/7)
 Walter Hagen (9/11)

1926
 Bobby Jones (3/7)
 Bobby Jones (2/7)
 Walter Hagen (8/11)

1925
 Willie MacFarlane
 Jim Barnes (4/4)
 Walter Hagen (7/11)

1924
 Cyril Walker
 Walter Hagen (5/11)
 Walter Hagen (6/11)

1923
 Bobby Jones (1/7)
 Arthur Havers
 Gene Sarazen (3/7)

1922
 Gene Sarazen (1/7)
 Walter Hagen (4/11)
 Gene Sarazen (2/7)

1921
 Jim Barnes (3/4)
 Jock Hutchison (2/2)
 Walter Hagen (3/11)

1920
 Ted Ray (2/2)
 George Duncan
  Jock Hutchison (1/2)

1919
 Walter Hagen (2/11)
Not held due to World War I
 Jim Barnes (2/4)

1918
Not held due to World War I
Not held due to World War I

1917

1916
 Chick Evans
 Jim Barnes (1/4)

1915
 Jerome Travers
Not yet founded

1914
 Walter Hagen (1/11)
 Harry Vardon (7/7)

1913
 Francis Ouimet
 John Henry Taylor (5/5)

1912
 John McDermott (2/2)
 Ted Ray (1/2)

1911
 John McDermott (1/2)
 Harry Vardon (6/7)

1910
 Alex Smith (2/2)
 James Braid (5/5)

1909
 George Sargent
 John Henry Taylor (4/5)

1908
 Fred McLeod
 James Braid (4/5)

1907
 Alec Ross
 Arnaud Massy

1906
 Alex Smith (1/2)
 James Braid (3/5)

1905
 Willie Anderson (4/4)
 James Braid (2/5)

1904
 Willie Anderson (3/4)
 Jack White

1903
 Willie Anderson (2/4)
 Harry Vardon (5/7)

1902
 Laurie Auchterlonie
 Sandy Herd

1901
 Willie Anderson (1/4)
 James Braid (1/5)

1900
 Harry Vardon (4/7)
 John Henry Taylor (3/5)

1899
 Willie Smith
 Harry Vardon (3/7)

1898
 Fred Herd
 Harry Vardon (2/7)

1897
 Joe Lloyd
 Harold Hilton (2/2)

1896
 James Foulis
 Harry Vardon (1/7)

1895
 Horace Rawlins
 John Henry Taylor (2/5)

1894
Not yet founded
 John Henry Taylor (1/5)

1893
 Willie Auchterlonie

1892
 Harold Hilton (1/2)

1891
 Hugh Kirkaldy

1890
 John Ball, Jnr

1889
 Willie Park, Jr. (2/2)

1888
 Jack Burns

1887
 Willie Park, Jr. (1/2)

1886
 David Brown

1885
 Bob Martin (2/2)

1884
 Jack Simpson

1883
 Willie Fernie

1882
 Bob Ferguson (3/3)

1881
 Bob Ferguson (2/3)

1880
 Bob Ferguson (1/3)

1879
 Jamie Anderson (3/3)

1878
 Jamie Anderson (2/3)

1877
 Jamie Anderson (1/3)

1876
 Bob Martin (1/2)

1875
 Willie Park, Sr. (4/4)

1874
 Mungo Park

1873
 Tom Kidd

1872
 Young Tom Morris (4/4)

1871
Not played

1870
 Young Tom Morris (3/4)

1869
 Young Tom Morris (2/4)

1868
 Young Tom Morris (1/4)

1867
 Old Tom Morris (4/4)

1866
 Willie Park, Sr. (3/4)

1865
 Andrew Strath

1864
 Old Tom Morris (3/4)

1863
 Willie Park, Sr. (2/4)

1862
 Old Tom Morris (2/4)

1861
 Old Tom Morris (1/4)

1860
 Willie Park, Sr. (1/4)

tag: table

text: Major champions by nationality[edit]

text: The table below shows the number of major championships won by golfers from various countries. Tallies are also shown for major wins by golfers from Europe and from the "Rest of the World" (RoW), i.e. the world excluding Europe and the United States. The United States plays Europe in the Ryder Cup and an International Team representing the Rest of the World in the Presidents Cup. The table is complete through to the 2016 season. Since the establishment of The Masters in 1934, an American has won at least one major every year, with the exception of 1994.

text:
Decade
Total
ARG
AUS
CAN
ENG
FIJ
FRA
GER
JER
KOR
NZL
NIR
IRE
SCO
RSA
ESP
SWE
USA
WAL
ZIM
Eur
RoW

Total
443
3
17
1
35
3
1
4
9
1
2
7
3
55
22
8
1
267
1
3
124
52

2010s
32
–
2
–
2
–
–
2
–
–
–
6
–
–
3
1
1
15
–
–
12
5

2000s
40
2
1
1
–
2
–
–
–
1
1
–
3
–
4
–
–
25
–
–
3
12

1990s
40
–
4
–
4
1
–
1
–
–
–
–
–
1
2
2
–
21
1
3
9
10

1980s
40
–
2
–
2
–
–
1
–
–
–
–
–
2
–
4
–
29
–
–
9
2

1970s
40
–
1
–
1
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
4
1
–
33
–
–
2
5

1960s
40
1
2
–
1
–
–
–
–
–
1
–
–
–
4
–
–
31
–
–
1
8

1950s
40
–
4
–
1
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
4
–
–
31
–
–
1
8

1940s
26
–
1
–
1
–
–
–
–
–
–
1
–
–
1
–
–
22
–
–
2
2

1930s
36
–
–
–
6
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
30
–
–
6
–

1920s
30
–
–
–
4
–
–
–
1
–
–
–
–
2
–
–
–
23
–
–
7
–

1910s
15
–
–
–
3
–
–
–
3
–
–
–
–
2
–
–
–
7
–
–
8
–

1900s
20
–
–
–
3
–
1
–
2
–
–
–
–
14
–
–
–
–
–
–
20
–

1890s
15
–
–
–
7
–
–
–
3
–
–
–
–
5
–
–
–
–
–
–
15
–

1880s
10
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
10
–
–
–
–
–
–
10
–

1870s
9
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
9
–
–
–
–
–
–
9
–

1860s
10
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
10
–
–
–
–
–
–
10
–

text: Scoring records[edit]

text: Scoring records - aggregate[edit]

text: The aggregate scoring records for each major are tabulated below. Green indicates an outright record and yellow indicates a shared record.

text:
Date
Tournament
Player
Country
Rounds
Score
To par

Apr 13, 1997
Masters Tournament
Woods, TigerTiger Woods
 United States
70-66-65-69
270
−18

Apr 12, 2015
Masters Tournament
Spieth, JordanJordan Spieth
 United States
64-66-70-70
270
−18

Aug 19, 2001
PGA Championship
Toms, DavidDavid Toms
 United States
66-65-65-69
265
−15

Jun 19, 2011
U.S. Open
McIlroy, RoryRory McIlroy
 Northern Ireland
65-66-68-69
268
−16

Jul 17, 2016
The Open Championship
Stenson, HenrikHenrik Stenson
 Sweden
68-65-68-63
264
−20

text: Scoring records - to par[edit]

text: The scoring records to par for each major are tabulated below. Green indicates an outright record and yellow indicates a shared record.

text:
Date
Tournament
Player
Country
Rounds
Score
To par
Finish

Apr 13, 1997
Masters Tournament
Woods, TigerTiger Woods
 United States
70-66-65-69
270
−18
Won

Jun 19, 2011
U.S. Open
McIlroy, RoryRory McIlroy
 Northern Ireland
65-66-68-69
268
−16
Won

Apr 12, 2015
Masters Tournament
Spieth, JordanJordan Spieth
 United States
64-66-70-70
270
−18
Won

Aug 16, 2015
PGA Championship
Day, JasonJason Day
 Australia
68-67-66-67
268
−20
Won

Jul 17, 2016
The Open Championship
Stenson, HenrikHenrik Stenson
 Sweden
68-65-68-63
264
−20
Won

Jun 18, 2017
U.S. Open
Koepka, BrooksBrooks Koepka
 United States
67-70-68-67
272
−16
Won

text: Single round records[edit]

text: The record for a single round in a major championship is 62 which was recorded by South African golfer Branden Grace in the third round of the 2017 Open Championship.

text:
#
Player
Country
Major
Date
Course
Rnd
To par
Finish

1
Grace, BrandenBranden Grace
 South Africa
The Open Championship
Jul 22, 2017
Royal Birkdale Golf Club
3
−8
7000600000000000000♠T6

text: Many players have recorded a score of 63.[27] This has occurred 32 times by 30 golfers between 1973 and 2017. Greg Norman and Vijay Singh are the only golfers to record two rounds of 63 in the majors. Johnny Miller was the first golfer to shoot 63 in a major and was the only golfer to shoot 63 in the final round to win a major until Henrik Stenson did so as well during the 2016 Open Championship at Royal Troon Golf Club.

text:
#
Player
Country
Major
Date
Course
Rnd
To par
Finish

1
Miller, JohnnyJohnny Miller
 United States
U.S. Open
Jun 17, 1973
Oakmont Country Club
4
−8
7000100000000000000♠1

2
Crampton, BruceBruce Crampton
 Australia
PGA Championship
Aug 8, 1975
Firestone Country Club
2
−7
7000200000000000000♠2

3
Hayes, MarkMark Hayes
 United States
The Open Championship
Jul 7, 1977
Turnberry
2
−7
7000900000000000000♠T9

4
Weiskopf, TomTom Weiskopf
 United States
U.S. Open
Jun 12, 1980
Baltusrol Golf Club
1
−7
7001370000000000000♠37

5
Nicklaus, JackJack Nicklaus
 United States
U.S. Open
Jun 12, 1980
Baltusrol Golf Club (2)
1
−7
7000100000000000000♠1

6
Aoki, IsaoIsao Aoki
 Japan
The Open Championship
Jul 19, 1980
Muirfield
3
−8
7001120000000000000♠T12

7
Floyd, RaymondRaymond Floyd
 United States
PGA Championship
Aug 5, 1982
Southern Hills Country Club
1
−7
7000100000000000000♠1

8
Player, GaryGary Player
 South Africa
PGA Championship
Aug 17, 1984
Shoal Creek Golf and Country Club
2
−9
7000200000000000000♠T2

9
Price, NickNick Price
 Zimbabwe
Masters Tournament
Apr 12, 1986
Augusta National Golf Club
3
−9
7000500000000000000♠5

10
Norman, GregGreg Norman
 Australia
The Open Championship
Jul 18, 1986
Turnberry (2)
2
−7
7000100000000000000♠1

11
Broadhurst, PaulPaul Broadhurst
 England
The Open Championship
Jul 21, 1990
Old Course at St Andrews
3
−9
7001120000000000000♠T12

12
Mudd, JodieJodie Mudd
 United States
The Open Championship
Jul 21, 1991
Royal Birkdale Golf Club
4
−7
7000500000000000000♠T5

13
Faldo, NickNick Faldo
 England
The Open Championship
Jul 16, 1993
Royal St George's Golf Club
2
−7
7000200000000000000♠2

14
Stewart, PaynePayne Stewart
 United States
The Open Championship
Jul 18, 1993
Royal St George's Golf Club (2)
4
−7
7001120000000000000♠12

15
Singh, VijayVijay Singh
 Fiji
PGA Championship
Aug 13, 1993
Inverness Club
2
−8
7000400000000000000♠4

16
Bradley, MichaelMichael Bradley
 United States
PGA Championship
Aug 10, 1995
Riviera Country Club
1
−8
7001540000000000000♠T54

17
Faxon, BradBrad Faxon
 United States
PGA Championship
Aug 13, 1995
Riviera Country Club (2)
4
−8
7000500000000000000♠5

18
Norman, GregGreg Norman (2)
 Australia
Masters Tournament
Apr 11, 1996
Augusta National Golf Club (2)
1
−9
7000200000000000000♠2

19
Olazábal, José MaríaJosé María Olazábal
 Spain
PGA Championship
Aug 19, 2000
Valhalla Golf Club
3
−9
7000400000000000000♠T4

20
O'Meara, MarkMark O'Meara
 United States
PGA Championship
Aug 17, 2001
Atlanta Athletic Club
2
−7
7001220000000000000♠T22

21
Singh, VijayVijay Singh (2)
 Fiji
U.S. Open
Jun 13, 2003
Olympia Fields Country Club
2
−7
7001200000000000000♠T20

22
Bjørn, ThomasThomas Bjørn
 Denmark
PGA Championship
Aug 13, 2005
Baltusrol Golf Club (3)
3
−7
7000200000000000000♠T2

23
Woods, TigerTiger Woods
 United States
PGA Championship
Aug 10, 2007
Southern Hills Country Club (2)
2
−7
7000100000000000000♠1

24
McIlroy, RoryRory McIlroy
 Northern Ireland
The Open Championship
Jul 15, 2010
Old Course at St Andrews (2)
1
−9
7000300000000000000♠T3

25
Stricker, SteveSteve Stricker
 United States
PGA Championship
Aug 11, 2011
Atlanta Athletic Club (2)
1
−7
7001120000000000000♠T12

26
Dufner, JasonJason Dufner
 United States
PGA Championship
Aug 9, 2013
Oak Hill Country Club
2
−7
7000100000000000000♠1

27
Iwata, HiroshiHiroshi Iwata
 Japan
PGA Championship
Aug 14, 2015
Whistling Straits
2
−9
7001210000000000000♠T21

28
Mickelson, PhilPhil Mickelson
 United States
The Open Championship
Jul 14, 2016
Royal Troon Golf Club
1
−8
7000200000000000000♠2

29
Stenson, HenrikHenrik Stenson
 Sweden
The Open Championship
Jul 17, 2016
Royal Troon Golf Club (2)
4
−8
7000100000000000000♠1

30
Streb, RobertRobert Streb
 United States
PGA Championship
Jul 29, 2016
Baltusrol Golf Club (4)
2
−7
7000700000000000000♠T7

31
Thomas, JustinJustin Thomas
 United States
U.S. Open
Jun 17, 2017
Erin Hills
3
−9
7000900000000000000♠T9

32
Haotong, LiLi Haotong
 China
The Open Championship
Jul 23, 2017
Royal Birkdale Golf Club (2)
4
−7
7000300000000000000♠3

text: 'Player of the Year' in major championships[edit]

text: There is no official award presented to the player with the best overall record in the four majors, although the PGA's Player of the Year system favors performances in the major championships. Since 1984, world ranking points have been assigned to finishes in the majors, which has allowed a calculation of which player has earned the most ranking points in majors in a season – in almost every year since, one of the year's major winners has either won two of them, or has been the only player to win one and record a high finish in another (like Justin Leonard in 1997, David Duval in 2001, Lucas Glover in 2009 or Dustin Johnson in 2016), enough to finish top of such a merit table in those years. The single exception was Nick Faldo in 1988, whose finishes of 2nd, 3rd and 4th earned him more world ranking points than any of that year's champions achieved during the season.

text: Tables are occasionally constructed for interest showing the overall scoring records for those players who have completed all 288 holes in the majors during a season. In the 1970s, Jack Nicklaus led such a table in 1970–73, 1975 and 1979, with Gary Player leading in 1974, Raymond Floyd in 1976, and Tom Watson in 1977 and 1978. In the 1980s a notable leader was in 1987, when Ben Crenshaw was top of this compilation after finishing 4th, 4th, 4th and 7th in the four majors. In total Crenshaw took 1,140 strokes, only 12 more than the sum total of the four respective champions' scores of 1,128. Recent 'winners' of this accolade are Pádraig Harrington in 2008, Ross Fisher in 2009, Phil Mickelson in 2010, Charl Schwartzel in 2011, and Adam Scott in 2012. In 2013 Scott and fellow Australian Jason Day tied for this accolade with a cumulative score of +2. Rickie Fowler led in 2014 with −32 after top-five finishes in all four tournaments, while in 2015 Jordan Spieth led the standings by achieving the lowest all-time cumulative score in a year of −54, one shot better than the cumulative score of Tiger Woods in 2000. In 2016, Jason Day again led with −9, achieved despite not winning any of the major tournaments during the year. In 2017, Brooks Koepka topped the list with a cumulative scored of −21, one shot better than Matt Kuchar and Hideki Matsuyama.

text: Consecutive victories at a major championship[edit]

text:
Nationality
Player
Major
#
Years

 Scotland
Tom Morris, Jr.
The Open Championship
4
1868, 1869, 1870, 1872[a]

 United States
Walter Hagen
PGA Championship
4
1924, 1925, 1926, 1927

 Scotland
Jamie Anderson
The Open Championship
3
1877, 1878, 1879

 Scotland
Bob Ferguson
The Open Championship
3
1880, 1881, 1882

 Scotland
Willie Anderson
U.S. Open
3
1903, 1904, 1905

 Australia
Peter Thomson
The Open Championship
3
1954, 1955, 1956

 Scotland
Tom Morris, Sr.
The Open Championship
2
1861, 1862

 Jersey
Harry Vardon
The Open Championship
2
1898, 1899

 Scotland
James Braid
The Open Championship
2
1905, 1906

 England
John Henry Taylor
The Open Championship
2
1894, 1895

 United States
John McDermott
U.S. Open
2
1911, 1912

 England
Jim Barnes
PGA Championship
2
1916, 1919[a]

 United States
Gene Sarazen
PGA Championship
2
1922, 1923

 United States
Bobby Jones
The Open Championship
2
1926, 1927

 United States
Walter Hagen
The Open Championship
2
1928, 1929

 United States
Leo Diegel
PGA Championship
2
1928, 1929

 United States
Bobby Jones
U.S. Open
2
1929, 1930

 United States
Denny Shute
PGA Championship
2
1936, 1937

 United States
Ralph Guldahl
U.S. Open
2
1937, 1938

 South Africa
Bobby Locke
The Open Championship
2
1949, 1950

 United States
Ben Hogan
U.S. Open
2
1950, 1951

 United States
Arnold Palmer
The Open Championship
2
1961, 1962

 United States
Jack Nicklaus
Masters Tournament
2
1965, 1966

 United States
Lee Trevino
The Open Championship
2
1971, 1972

 United States
Tom Watson
The Open Championship
2
1982, 1983

 United States
Curtis Strange
U.S. Open
2
1988, 1989

 England
Nick Faldo
Masters Tournament
2
1989, 1990

 United States
Tiger Woods
PGA Championship
2
1999, 2000

 United States
Tiger Woods
Masters Tournament
2
2001, 2002

 United States
Tiger Woods
The Open Championship
2
2005, 2006

 United States
Tiger Woods
PGA Championship (2)
2
2006, 2007

 Ireland
Pádraig Harrington
The Open Championship
2
2007, 2008

text: a These are consecutive because no tournaments were played in between at The Open Championship in 1871 or at the PGA Championship in 1917 and 1918.

text: Wire-to-wire major victories[edit]

text: Players who have led or been tied for the lead after each round of a major.

text:
Outright leader after every round

Nationality
Player
Year
Major

 Jersey
Ted Ray
1912
Open

 United States
Walter Hagen
1914
U.S.

 England
Jim Barnes
1921

 United States
Bobby Jones
1927
Open

Gene Sarazen
1932

 England
Henry Cotton
1934

 United States
Craig Wood
1941
Masters

Ben Hogan
1953
U.S.

Arnold Palmer
1960
Masters

Bobby Nichols
1964
PGA

 England
Tony Jacklin
1970
U.S.

 United States
Jack Nicklaus
1971
PGA

1972
Masters

Tom Weiskopf
1973
Open

Raymond Floyd
1976
Masters

1982
PGA

Hal Sutton
1983

Tiger Woods
2000
U.S.

2002

2005
Open

 Northern Ireland
Rory McIlroy
2011
U.S.

 Germany
Martin Kaymer
2014

 Northern Ireland
Rory McIlroy
Open

 United States
Jordan Spieth
2015
Masters

Tied for the lead at the end of least one round

Nationality
Player
Year
Major

 Scotland
Willie Anderson
1903
U.S.

Alex Smith
1906

 United States
Chick Evans
1916

Tommy Bolt
1958

Arnold Palmer
1964
Masters

Raymond Floyd
1969
PGA

Jack Nicklaus
1972
U.S.

Hubert Green
1977

 Spain
Seve Ballesteros
1980
Masters

 United States
Jack Nicklaus
U.S.

Payne Stewart
1991

 Zimbabwe
Nick Price
1994
PGA

 United States
Tiger Woods
2000

 South Africa
Retief Goosen
2001
U.S.

 United States
Phil Mickelson
2005
PGA

 South Africa
Trevor Immelman
2008
Masters

 United States
Jimmy Walker
2016
PGA

Jordan Spieth
2017
Open

text: Top ten finishes in all four modern majors in one season[edit]

text: It was rare, before the early 1960s, for the leading players from around the world to have the opportunity to compete in all four of the 'modern' majors in one season, because of the different qualifying criteria used in each at the time, the costs of traveling to compete (in an era when tournament prize money was very low, and only the champion himself would earn the chance of ongoing endorsements), and on occasion even the conflicting scheduling of the Open and PGA Championships. In 1937, the U.S. Ryder Cup side all competed in The Open Championship, but of those who finished in the top ten of that event, only Ed Dudley could claim a "top ten" finish in all four of the majors in 1937, if his defeat in the last-16 round of that year's PGA Championship (then at matchplay) was considered a "joint 9th" position.

text: Following 1960, when Arnold Palmer's narrowly failed bid to add the Open Championship to his Masters and U.S. Open titles (and thus emulate Hogan's 1953 "triple crown") helped to establish the concept of the modern professional "Grand Slam", it has become commonplace for the leading players to be invited to, and indeed compete in, all four majors each year. Even so, those who have recorded top-ten finishes in all four, in a single year, remains a small and select group.

text:
Three majors won in calendar year that the top ten was completed  #

Two majors won in calendar year that the top ten was completed  ‡

One major won in calendar year that the top ten was completed  †

No majors won in calendar year that the top ten was completed  ^

Never won a regular tour major championship in his career  *

text:
Nationality
Player
Year
Wins
Major championship results
Lowest
placing

Masters
U.S. Open
Open Ch.
PGA Ch.

 United States
Ed Dudley  *
1937
0
3rd
5th
6th
R16
R16

 United States
Arnold Palmer  ‡
1960
2
1
1
2nd
T7
T7

 South Africa
Gary Player  ^
1963
0
T5
T8
T7
T8
T8

 United States
Arnold Palmer (2)  ^
1966
0
T4
2nd
T8
T6
T8

 United States
Doug Sanders  *
1966
0
T4
T8
T2
T6
T8

 United States
Miller Barber  *
1969
0
7th
T6
10th
T5
10th

 United States
Jack Nicklaus  †
1971
1
T2
2nd
T5
1
T5

 United States
Jack Nicklaus (2)  †
1973
1
T3
T4
4th
1
T4

 United States
Jack Nicklaus (3)  ^
1974
0
T4
T10
3rd
2nd
T10

 South Africa
Gary Player (2)  ‡
1974
2
1
T8
1
7th
T8

 United States
Hale Irwin  ^
1975
0
T4
T3
T9
T5
T9

 United States
Jack Nicklaus (4)  ‡
1975
2
1
T7
T3
1
T7

 United States
Tom Watson  †
1975
1
T8
T9
1
9th
T9

 United States
Jack Nicklaus (5)  ^
1977
0
2nd
T10
2nd
3rd
T10

 United States
Tom Watson (2)  ‡
1977
2
1
T7
1
T6
T7

 United States
Tom Watson (3)  ‡
1982
2
T5
1
1
T9
T9

 United States
Ben Crenshaw  ^
1987
0
T4
T4
T4
T7
T7

 United States
Tiger Woods  #
2000
3
5th
1
1
1
5th

 Spain
Sergio García  ^
2002
0
8th
4th
T8
10th
10th

 South Africa
Ernie Els  ^
2004
0
2nd
T9
2nd
T4
T9

 United States
Phil Mickelson  †
2004
1
1
2nd
3rd
T6
T6

 Fiji
Vijay Singh  ^
2005
0
T5
T6
T5
T10
T10

 United States
Tiger Woods (2)  ‡
2005
2
1
2nd
1
T4
T4

 United States
Rickie Fowler  *
2014
0
T5
T2
T2
T3
T5

 United States
Jordan Spieth  ‡
2015
2
1
1
T4
2nd
T4

text: On 13 of the 25 occasions the feat has been achieved, the player in question did not win a major that year – indeed, three of the players (Dudley, Sanders and Barber) failed to win a major championship in their careers (although Barber would go on to win five senior majors), and Fowler has also yet to win one (as of the end of the 2017 PGA Championship).

text: Multiple major victories in a calendar year[edit]

text: Four[edit]

text: 1930:  Bobby Jones; The Open Championship, U.S. Open, U.S. Amateur Championship, The Amateur Championship

text: Three[edit]

text:
1953:  Ben Hogan; Masters Tournament, U.S. Open, and The Open Championship
2000:  Tiger Woods; U.S. Open, The Open Championship, and The PGA Championship

text: Two[edit]

text: Masters and U.S. Open[edit]

text:
1941:  Craig Wood
1951:  Ben Hogan
1960:  Arnold Palmer
1972:  Jack Nicklaus
2002:  Tiger Woods
2015:  Jordan Spieth

text: Masters and Open Championship[edit]

text:
1962:  Arnold Palmer
1966:  Jack Nicklaus
1974:  Gary Player
1977:  Tom Watson
1990:  Nick Faldo
1998:  Mark O'Meara
2005:  Tiger Woods

text: Masters and PGA Championship[edit]

text:
1949:  Sam Snead
1956:  Jack Burke, Jr
1963:  Jack Nicklaus
1975:  Jack Nicklaus

text: U.S. Open and Open Championship[edit]

text:
1926:  Bobby Jones
1932:  Gene Sarazen
1971:  Lee Trevino
1982:  Tom Watson

text: U.S. Open and PGA Championship[edit]

text:
1922:  Gene Sarazen
1948:  Ben Hogan
1980:  Jack Nicklaus

text: Open Championship and PGA Championship[edit]

text:
1924:  Walter Hagen
1994:  Nick Price
2006:  Tiger Woods
2008:  Pádraig Harrington
2014:  Rory McIlroy

text: Consecutive major victories (including over multiple years)[edit]

text: Four[edit]

text:
1868–72:  Young Tom Morris 1868 Open, 1869 Open, 1870 Open, 1872 Open (No Open Championship played in 1871)
1930:  Bobby Jones 1930 Amateur, 1930 Open, 1930 U.S. Open, 1930 U.S. Amateur
2000–01:  Tiger Woods 2000 U.S. Open, 2000 Open, 2000 PGA, 2001 Masters

text: Three[edit]

text:
1877–79:  Jamie Anderson 1877 Open, 1878 Open, 1879 Open
1880–82:  Bob Ferguson 1880 Open, 1881 Open, 1882 Open

text: Two[edit]

text: Note: The order in which the majors were contested was inconsistent between 1895 and 1953. Since 1954, the majors have been played in their modern order (Masters, U.S. Open, Open Championship, PGA), except 1971, when the PGA was played prior to the Masters.

text:
1861–62:  Old Tom Morris 1861 Open, 1862 Open
1894–95:  J.H. Taylor 1894 Open, 1895 Open
1920–21:  Jock Hutchison 1920 PGA, 1921 Open (The Open Championship was the first major contested in 1921)
1921–22:  Walter Hagen 1921 PGA, 1922 Open (The Open Championship was the first major contested in 1922)
1922:  Gene Sarazen 1922 U.S. Open, 1922 PGA
1924:  Walter Hagen 1924 Open, 1924 PGA
1926:  Bobby Jones 1926 Open, 1926 U.S. Open (The Open Championship was played before the U.S. Open in 1926)
1927–28:  Walter Hagen 1927 PGA, 1928 Open (The Open Championship was the first major contested in 1928)
1930–31:  Tommy Armour 1930 PGA, 1931 Open (The Open Championship was the first major contested in 1931)
1932:  Gene Sarazen 1932 Open, 1932 U.S. Open (The Open Championship was the first major contested in 1932, followed by the U.S. Open)
1941:  Craig Wood 1941 Masters, 1941 U.S. Open
1948:  Ben Hogan 1948 PGA, 1948 U.S. Open (The PGA was played between the Masters and U.S. Open in 1948)
1949:  Sam Snead 1949 Masters, 1949 PGA (As in 1948, the 1949 PGA was played between the Masters and U.S. Open)
1951:  Ben Hogan 1951 Masters, 1951 U.S. Open
1953:  Ben Hogan; 1953 Masters, 1953 U.S. Open (The 1953 Open Championship, also won by Hogan, was actually concluded only 3 days after 1953 PGA)
1960:  Arnold Palmer 1960 Masters, 1960 U.S. Open
1971:  Lee Trevino 1971 U.S. Open, 1971 Open
1972:  Jack Nicklaus 1972 Masters, 1972 U.S. Open (The 1971 PGA, also won by Nicklaus, was not consecutive due to being played prior to the Masters in 1971)
1982:  Tom Watson 1982 U.S. Open, 1982 Open
1994:  Nick Price 1994 Open, 1994 PGA
2002:  Tiger Woods 2002 Masters, 2002 U.S. Open
2005–06:  Phil Mickelson 2005 PGA, 2006 Masters
2006:  Tiger Woods 2006 Open, 2006 PGA
2008:  Pádraig Harrington 2008 Open, 2008 PGA
2014:  Rory McIlroy 2014 Open, 2014 PGA
2015:  Jordan Spieth 2015 Masters, 2015 U.S. Open

text: Most runner-up finishes in major championships[edit]

text: For the purposes of this section a runner-up is defined as someone who either (i) tied for the lead after 72 holes (or 36 holes in the case of the early championships) but lost the playoff or (ii) finished alone or in a tie for second place. In a few instances players have been involved in a playoff for the win or for second place prize money and have ended up taking the third prize (e.g. 1870 Open Championship, 1966 Masters Tournament). These players are still regarded as being runners-up. For match play PGA Championships up to 1957 the runner-up is the losing finalist.

text: Along with his record 18 major victories, Jack Nicklaus also holds the record for most runner-up finishes in major championships, with 19, including a record 7 at the Open Championship. Phil Mickelson has the second most with 11 runner-up finishes after the 2016 Open Championship, which includes a record 6 runner-up finishes at the U.S. Open, the one major he has never won. Arnold Palmer had 10 second places, including three in the major he never won, the PGA Championship. There have been three golfers with 8 runner-up finishes – Sam Snead, Greg Norman and Tom Watson. Norman shares the distinction of having lost playoffs in each of the four majors with Craig Wood (who lost the 1934 PGA final – at match play – on the second extra hole).

text:
Jack Nicklaus: 19 (1960–1983)
 Phil Mickelson: 11 (1999–2016)
 Arnold Palmer: 10 (1960–1970)
 Sam Snead: 8 (1937–1957)
 Greg Norman: 8 (1984–1996)
 Tom Watson: 8 (1978–2009)

text: Players with most runner-up finishes but no major victories[edit]

text:
Colin Montgomerie 5: U.S. Open 1994, 1997, 2006; Open 2005; PGA 1995
/ Harry Cooper 4: U.S. Open 1927, 1936; Masters 1936, 1938
 Doug Sanders 4: U.S. Open 1961; Open 1966, 1970; PGA 1959
 Bruce Crampton 4: Masters 1972; U.S. Open 1972; PGA 1973, 1975[a]

text: a Crampton was second to Jack Nicklaus on each occasion.


document_title: Signal Hill, Calgary

question_text: what do the numbers on signal hill in calgary mean

text: Signal Hill, Calgary

text: Demographics[edit]

text: In the City of Calgary's 2012 municipal census, Signal Hill had a population of 7004139140000000000♠13,914 living in 7003525300000000000♠5,253 dwellings, a 0.9% increase from its 2011 population of 7004137950000000000♠13,795.[2] With a land area of 5.6 km2 (2.2 sq mi), it had a population density of 2,485/km2 (6,440/sq mi) in 2012.[2][4]

text: Signal Hill is a wealthy neighbourhood, with the median household income of $205,844 (2013). The wealthier residents ($200,000-$400,000 median household income) live in Upper Signal hill, which is located on the top of the hill, above the first few rows of houses which are located above the famous Signal Hill numbers. The entrance to this area can be found along Signal Hill Drive.[5] As of 2006, 4% of the residents were immigrants.

text: Amenities[edit]

text: Battalion Park[edit]

text: Battalion Park, located on the hillside of Signal Hill, overlooks the Sarcee Nation. The area was a military reserve prior to World War I for the Canadian Forces. The hill features 16,000 stones hauled by soldiers and arranged to form four numbers (137, 113, 151 and 51). The numbers correspond to the four battalions of the Canadian Expeditionary Force who trained in that area before leaving to fight in World War 1. Battalion Park officially opened on November 3, 1991.[6]

text: Education[edit]

text: Signal Hill is home to the Battalion Park School. Operated by the Calgary Board of Education, the school serves students in kindergarten through grade six. In September 2012, it had an enrollment of 694 students drawn from Signal Hill and the nearby Richmond Hill and Springbank Hill communities.[7]


document_title: List of flag bearers for the United States at the Olympics

question_text: who is carrying the flag for the us in the winter olympics

text: Firsts[edit]

text: US team manager[1] Matthew Halpin was the first to carry the flag at the 1906 Intercalated Games,[2] though that event is no longer considered by the International Olympic Committee to be part of Olympic history.[3] Ralph Rose became the first competitor to have the honor when he led the team out at the 1908 Summer Games,[2] the first official Olympic Games to feature a parade of nations.[4] The first woman to represent the United States was fencer Janice Romary in 1968, her sixth consecutive Summer Olympics.[5] Taffy Abel was the first person to represent the United States at the Winter Olympics when he was chosen to carry the flag at the inaugural Games in Chamonix in 1924.[2]

text: Irish-born Pat McDonald, one of the "Irish Whales", became the first athlete to be selected as the flag bearer twice when he performed his second duty in 1924.[2][6] In 1956 two other athletes led the U.S. team out for a second time, James Bickford at the Winter Olympics and Norman Armitage at the Summer Games.[2]

text: Selection and reactions[edit]

text: The flag bearers are chosen by a vote of the team captains of each sport.[7]

text: Athletes view their selection of flag bearer as a great honour:

text:
"It's more than a dream. "I keep saying, I'm not sure if this is true or not true. I'm making the team and now I'm the first guy coming to the stadium and the whole world will be watching me carry the flag. There are no words to describe it."

"I feel happy, honored. I'm feeling so blessed to get an opportunity to present the United States of America, to present the United States flag in front of my team."

text: "I'm still shaking. I was incredibly surprised when Brian [Martin] told me, and I'm still trying to process it all. To be the person leading the U.S. team into the opening ceremony is just such a great honor."

text: Flag dipping[edit]

text: Olympic protocol is that the flag bearer dips their flag to the head of state as part of the parade. It has become tradition that the U.S. flag is not dipped, though the origins of this are surrounded by legend and are widely misreported:[9][10]

text: "The motives for the original refusal, the identity of the flag-bearer and the truth behind the quotation and other issues remain much murkier in the historical record than legend-tellers portray ... The evolution of this flag mythology reveals a great deal about the complex strains of early 20th century American nationalism."

text: The parade of nations was introduced at the 1906 Intercalated Games with Matthew Halpin as the U.S. flag bearer. Halpin gladly dipped the flag, noting that when he did so King George I of Greece "staked me to a smile that made me feel like I belonged".[11] The controversy began at the 1908 Summer Olympics in London where flag bearers were expected to dip the flag to Edward VII on two occasions. Research by the International Society of Olympic Historians concluded that the flag bearer was Ralph Rose and that he might not have dipped the flag to the British King on one of those occasions. Martin Sheridan is often attributed with the explanation of this supposed disrespect by stating at the time "This flag dips to no earthly king" but no evidence of this can be found.[11] Modern versions of the story describe how the Stars and Stripes have never been dipped during the parade of nations since 1908 but this is apocryphal. It has been dipped on three occasions since then: 1912, 1924, and 1932.[10]

text: The 1932 winter games were held in Lake Placid and, though head of state President Herbert Hoover would normally have greeted the parade of nations, the duty was passed to New York governor Franklin Roosevelt.[11] This was the last time that the flag was dipped at the Olympics as political forces intervened thereafter. The head of state awaiting the athletes at the 1936 Summer Games was Adolf Hitler, to whom the U.S. refused to lower their flag.[10] The 1940 Olympics were cancelled due to the onset of World War II and, in 1942, the United States Congress introduced the United States Flag Code which stated: "That no disrespect should be given to the flag of the United States of America, the flag should not be dipped to any person or thing."[11][12] However, since the Flag Code is legally unenforceable, it appears to be merely codified tradition.

text: Foreign-born representatives[edit]

text: Several foreign-born athletes have represented the United States at the opening ceremonies. Irishman Pat McDonald was the first in 1920 and he, at the age of 42, became the oldest Olympic track & field champion. Though he did not compete, he also went on to lead the U.S. team at the following Summer Olympics.[6]

text: Rolf Monsen, a multi-discipline Winter sports athlete born in Oslo, Norway, competed as an American in 1928 and 1932. He qualified for the 1936 Games and though an injury prevented him from taking part, he was still chosen to carry the flag.[13]

text: The American team at the 1936 Summer Games were led by Berlin-born, highly regarded gymnast Al Jochim.[2][14]

text: Olga Fikotová was a discus-thrower at the 1956 Summer Olympics and the only athlete to win a gold medal for her home country Czechoslovakia in that year. She began a much-publicised romance with American athlete Harold Connolly, much to the frustration of the Communist authorities. Fikotová was accused of being a traitor and the Czechoslovak Olympic Committee banned her from representing her country again. Now living in the U.S., she would go on to compete for her adopted country in the next four Summer Games. Despite not being able to replicate her success, Fikotová was chosen to lead the American team at the 1972 Games in Munich, West Germany.[15]

text: Lopez Lomong carried the flag at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, China and became the fifth flag bearer to be born outside the United States.[2] As a teenager in war-torn Sudan, Lomong was one of several thousand boys brought to America as a refugee in 2001.[7] His selection came during a time when the U.S. and other Western countries had been critical of the Chinese government's close links with Sudan, a country accused of human rights violations and war crimes.[16]

text: Other notes[edit]

text: Godfrey Dewey, son of Melvil Dewey the inventor of Dewey Decimal Classification,[17] was the president of the Lake Placid Organizing Committee and was largely responsible for the successful candidature of Lake Placid for the 1932 Winter Olympics.[18] In addition to his role as the U.S. ski team manager he was chosen as the flag bearer for the 1928 Games in St. Moritz, Switzerland.[19]

text: List of flag bearers[edit]

text: List of flag bearers:[2]

text:
#
Event year
Season
Ceremony
Flag bearer
Sex
State/Country
Sport

62
2018
Winter
Closing
Diggins, JessicaJessica Diggins
F
Minnesota
Cross-country skiing

61
2018
Winter
Opening
Hamlin, ErinErin Hamlin
F
New York
Luge

60
2016
Summer
Closing
Biles, SimoneSimone Biles
F
Texas
Gymnastics

59
2016
Summer
Opening
Phelps, MichaelMichael Phelps
M
Maryland
Swimming

58
2014
Winter
Closing
Chu, JulieJulie Chu
F
Connecticut
Hockey

57
2014
Winter
Opening
Lodwick, ToddTodd Lodwick
M
Colorado
Nordic combined

56
2012
Summer
Closing
Nellum, BryshonBryshon Nellum
M
California
Athletics

55
2012
Summer
Opening
Zagunis, MarielMariel Zagunis
F
Oregon
Fencing

54
2010
Winter
Closing
Demong, BillBill Demong
M
New York
Nordic combined

53
2010
Winter
Opening
Grimmette, MarkMark Grimmette
M
Michigan
Luge

52
2008
Summer
Closing
Lorig, KhatunaKhatuna Lorig
F
Georgia (country)
Archery

51
2008
Summer
Opening
Lomong, LopezLopez Lomong
M
Sudan (now South Sudan)
Athletics

50
2006
Winter
Closing
Cheek, JoeyJoey Cheek
M
North Carolina
Speed skating

49
2006
Winter
Opening
Witty, ChrisChris Witty
F
Wisconsin
Speed skating

48
2004
Summer
Closing
Hamm, MiaMia Hamm
F
Texas
Women's soccer

47
2004
Summer
Opening
Staley, DawnDawn Staley
F
Pennsylvania
Basketball

46
2002
Winter
Closing
Shimer, BrianBrian Shimer
M
Florida
Bobsleigh

45
2002
Winter
Opening
Peterson, AmyAmy Peterson
F
Minnesota
Short track speed skating

44
2000
Summer
Closing
Gardner, RulonRulon Gardner
M
Wyoming
Wrestling

43
2000
Summer
Opening
Meidl, CliffCliff Meidl
M
California
Canoeing

42
1998
Winter
Closing
Granato, CammiCammi Granato
F
Illinois
Hockey

41
1998
Winter
Opening
Flaim, EricEric Flaim
M
Massachusetts
Speed skating

40
1996
Summer
Closing
Matz, MichaelMichael Matz
M
Pennsylvania
Equestrian

39
1996
Summer
Opening
Baumgartner, BruceBruce Baumgartner
M
New Jersey
Wrestling

38
1994
Winter
Closing
Jansen, DanDan Jansen
M
Wisconsin
Speed skating

37
1994
Winter
Opening
Myler, CammyCammy Myler
F
New York
Luge

36
1992
Summer
Closing
Westbrook, PeterPeter Westbrook
M
Missouri
Fencing

35
1992
Summer
Opening
Larrieu Smith, FrancieFrancie Larrieu Smith
F
California
Athletics

34
1992
Winter
Opening
Koch, BillBill Koch
M
Vermont
Cross-country skiing

33
1988
Summer
Opening
Ashford, EvelynEvelyn Ashford
F
Louisiana
Athletics

32
1988
Winter
Opening
Nelson, LyleLyle Nelson
M
Idaho
Biathlon

31
1984
Summer
Opening
Burke, EdEd Burke
M
California
Athletics

30
1984
Winter
Opening
Masley, FrankFrank Masley
M
Delaware
Luge

29
1980
Winter
Opening
Hamilton, ScottScott Hamilton
M
Ohio
Figure skating

28
1976
Summer
Opening
Hall, GaryGary Hall
M
North Carolina
Swimming

27
1976
Winter
Opening
Nelson, CindyCindy Nelson
F
Minnesota
Alpine skiing

26
1972
Summer
Opening
Fikotová, OlgaOlga Fikotová
F
Czechoslovakia (now Czech Republic)
Athletics

25
1972
Winter
Opening
Holum, DianneDianne Holum
F
Illinois
Speed skating

24
1968
Summer
Opening
Romary, JaniceJanice Romary
F
California
Fencing

23
1968
Winter
Opening
McDermott, TerryTerry McDermott
M
Michigan
Speed skating

22
1964
Summer
Opening
O'Brien, ParryParry O'Brien
M
California
Athletics

21
1964
Winter
Opening
Disney, BillBill Disney
M
Kansas
Speed skating

20
1960
Summer
Opening
Johnson, RaferRafer Johnson
M
Texas
Athletics

19
1960
Winter
Opening
McDermott, DonDon McDermott
M
New York
Speed skating

18
1956
Summer
Opening
Armitage, NormanNorman Armitage
M
New York
Fencing

17
1956
Winter
Opening
Bickford, JamesJames Bickford
M
New York
Bobsleigh

16
1952
Summer
Opening
Armitage, NormanNorman Armitage
M
New York
Fencing

15
1952
Winter
Opening
Bickford, JamesJames Bickford
M
New York
Bobsleigh

14
1948
Summer
Opening
Craig, RalphRalph Craig
M
Michigan
Athletics

13
1948
Winter
Opening
Heaton, JackJack Heaton
M
Connecticut
Skeleton

12
1936
Summer
Opening
Jochim, AlAl Jochim
M
Germany
Gymnastics

11
1936
Winter
Opening
Monsen, RolfRolf Monsen
M
Norway
Cross-country skiing

10
1932
Summer
Opening
Taylor, MorganMorgan Taylor
M
Iowa
Athletics

9
1932
Winter
Opening
Fiske, BillyBilly Fiske
M
Illinois
Bobsleigh

8
1928
Summer
Opening
Houser, BudBud Houser
M
Missouri
Athletics

7
1928
Winter
Opening
Dewey, GodfreyGodfrey Dewey
M
Florida
President of Lake Placid Organizing Committee

6
1924
Summer
Opening
McDonald, PatPat McDonald
M
Ireland
Athletics

5
1924
Winter
Opening
Abel, TaffyTaffy Abel
M
Michigan
Hockey

4
1920
Summer
Opening
McDonald, PatPat McDonald
M
Ireland
Athletics

3
1912
Summer
Opening
Bonhag, GeorgeGeorge Bonhag
M
Massachusetts
Athletics

2
1908
Summer
Opening
Rose, RalphRalph Rose
M
California
Athletics & tug of war

1
1906
Summer
Opening
Halpin, MatthewMatthew Halpin
M
New York
Team manager


document_title: List of Keys to the City in the United States

question_text: who has the key to new york city

question_tokens: who has the key to new york city

text: List of Keys to the City in the United States

text: Alabama[edit]

text: Huntsville[edit]

text:
July 12, 2013: Jase Robertson, star of reality TV series Duck Dynasty [1]
June 28, 2015: Microwave Dave (Gallaher) - North Alabama musician and music educator,[2]

text: Mobile[edit]

text: Jaquiski Tartt July 12, 2016 An NFL player for the San Francisco 49ers. Camp for little kids.

text: Olabode Anise. A Kappa. King of the Mobile Mardis Gras for 2017.

text: Alaska[edit]

text: Kodiak[edit]

text: July 30, 2012: Pitbull, rapper[3]

text: Wasilla[edit]

text: September 22, 2011: Landon Swank, illusionist [4]

text: California[edit]

text: Beverly Hills[edit]

text: September 2, 2010: The Kardashian-Jenner family and Larry King were awarded the key to the city of Beverly Hills, the award date falling (by design) on a day designated by the City’s famous zip code, 90210.[5]

text: Compton[edit]

text: February 13, 2016: Mayor Aja Brown presented Kendrick Lamar with the key to the city.[6]

text: Corona[edit]

text: March 12, 2010: Scarlett's Magic, a Savannah cat owned by the Draper family (Leon S. Draper, Kimberly Saunders, Martin "Marty" Draper and Matthew "Matteo" Draper) was awarded the key to the city of Corona for being recognized in the 2011 Guinness Book of World Records as the World's Tallest Cat, measuring 45.9 centimeters (18.1 inches) from shoulder to toe.[citation needed]

text: Cypress[edit]

text:
After winning the 1994 U.S Amateur Title, Tiger Woods was presented the key to the city of Cypress, his hometown. The ceremony took place at Cypress Golf Club.
After being selected on the list of 100 most influential people in Orange County, Calif for 2015, 16 year old Dan Ta was presented the key to the city of Cypress, by Mayor Mariellen Yarc at the January 20, 2016 State of the City Luncheon in front of 300 local leaders.

text: Danville[edit]

text: January 16, 2009: Chesley B. Sullenberger III was awarded the keys to city of his hometown, Danville, for his actions in saving US Airways Flight 1549.[7]

text: Diamond Bar[edit]

text: On January 24, 2016, US Women's National Soccer Team star Alex Morgan was presented the key to the city of Diamond Bar, her hometown. The ceremony took place at local Pantera Park.

text: Indio[edit]

text:
2008: Mayor Lupe Ramos Watson presented to the Order of the Eastern Star California Worthy Grand Matron the key to the City of Indio for their 100 years of service to the community through volunteerism and unwavering commitment to life, liberty and the pursuit of justice.[citation needed]
2011: Mayor Lupē Ramos Watson presents Honorary Mayor Bob Ladiin for his commitment to the City through Volunteerism, Public Safety and Senior Citizen Advocacy.[citation needed]
2013: Mayor Elaine Holmes presents to Mr Alexander Haagan III the key to the City of Indio city for his long standing support of music the arts, culture and community events at his Empire Polo Grounds in Indio.[citation needed]
2015: Mayor Lupē Ramos Watson presents to the Order of the Eastern Star California Worthy Grand Matron the key to the City of Indio for their 100 plus years of service to the community through volunteerism and unwavering commitment to life, liberty and the pursuit of justice, and for their 70-year commitment to the City's longest standing community festival the Riverside County Fair and National Date Festival.[citation needed]

text: Lancaster[edit]

text: 04/30/2015: During Tuesday evening’s City Council meeting, Mayor R. Rex Parris presented the Key to the City to Matt Anderson, who was recently named ‘Gateway Teacher of the Year’ by the esteemed national program ‘Project Lead the Way’ (PLTW). Mr. Anderson, a teacher at Joe Walker Middle School, teaches PLTW Gateway courses as part of the school’s Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) program.

text: “In recognition of your remarkable dedication and enthusiasm in helping to develop our region’s STEM program, and your commitment to serving the young people of our community, we are very proud to present you with the Key to the City, acknowledging your many outstanding achievements, including now being named the Teacher of the Year,” said Mayor Parris. “We know how important the STEM program is to our community, training intelligent young man and women to become engineers, scientists and mathematicians. The young adults whose lives you’ve touched truly represent our future here in the aerospace valley. Congratulations, Matt, on this very prestigious award.”

text: Project Lead the Way is the nation’s leader in K-12 STEM education programs. Each year, its annual California State Conference recognizes three educators throughout the state of California. The Gateway Teacher of the Year award is presented to an educator who instructs middle school students in STEM.

text: Anderson has been teaching at Joe Walker Middle School for more than twenty-five years. In addition to teaching, he coaches VEX Robotics and mentors Westside Union School District’s other PLTW programs. His students regard him not only as a role model and inspiration, but also a mentor who helps them succeed in the world of science, technology, engineering and mathematics.

text: Long Beach[edit]

text: 27 February 1983: HM Queen Elizabeth II, Queen of the United Kingdom. [8]

text: Los Angeles[edit]

text:
2006: Twenty-seven Victoria's Secret Angels – including Gisele Bündchen, Adriana Lima, Alessandra Ambrosio, Karolina Kurkova, Selita Ebanks, and Izabel Goulart – were presented with a key to Hollywood by honorary mayor Johnny Grant in honor of the Victoria's Secret Fashion Show being held in Los Angeles for the first time.[citation needed]
August 7, 2009: Zooey Deschanel, Geoffrey Arend, Mark Waters and Jessica Tuchinsky, stars and producers of the 2009 film (500) Days of Summer, were awarded the key to Los Angeles for the film's inventive use of L.A. locations.[9]
2012: Lil' Kim received the key to the city before a performance in front of 50,000 at a LA Pride festival, for being a champion for her LGBT fans.[10]
May 11, 2013: 5th Caliph of the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community Mirza Masroor Ahmad was awarded the key to the city at prestigious Montage Hotel.[11]
September 23, 2016: Los Angeles Dodgers announcer Vin Scully was awarded the key to the city during a pregame ceremony at Dodger Stadium.[citation needed]

text: Sacramento[edit]

text:
11 September 2015: Spencer Stone, Hero of the 2015 Thalys train attack.
11 September 2015: Alek Skarlatos, Hero of the 2015 Thalys train attack.
11 September 2015: Anthony Sadler, Hero of the 2015 Thalys train attack.

text: San Francisco[edit]

text:
1916: Russian-born American businessman, candy-maker and inventor Sam Born was awarded the key to city for inventing a machine that mechanically inserted sticks into lollipops. Later, he went on to found the Just Born candy company in New York.[citation needed]
November 3, 2010: The San Francisco Giants were awarded the key to the city for winning the 2010 World Series.[13]
June 26, 2012: San Francisco Giants pitcher Matt Cain was given the key to the city in commemoration of the perfect game he pitched on June 13, 2012.[14]
September 29, 2012: Myanmar opposition leader Daw Aung San Suu Kyi was given the key to the city at the San Francisco Bay Area, which is home to the third-largest Burmese community in the USA.[15]
October 31, 2012: The San Francisco Giants were awarded the key to city of San Francisco for winning the 2012 World Series.[16]
May 21, 2013: Stephen Curry, basketball player.[17]
October 31, 2014: The San Francisco Giants were awarded the key to city of San Francisco by Mayor Ed Lee for winning the 2014 World Series.
October 14, 2015: The Golden State Warriors were awarded the key to city of San Francisco by Mayor Ed Lee for winning the 2015 NBA Championship.[18]

text: Stockton[edit]

text: November 16, 2015: Stockton mayor Anthony Silva gave God the key to the city.[19]

text: Connecticut[edit]

text: Hartford[edit]

text:
May 2, 2011: Michael Wilson, Artistic Director, Hartford Stage Company [20]
August 10, 2013: Christopher Martin, Jamaican Singer/Songwriter [21]
February 15, 2014: John Leguizamo, Comedian and Actor [22]
June 10, 2014: Darko Tresnjak, Artistic Director, Recipient of the 2014 Tony Award [23]

text: Middletown[edit]

text: May 29, 2009: Joseph W. Waz, Jr., business executive and native son

text: New Britain[edit]

text: August 3, 2013: Ryszard Schnepf, Polish Ambassador to the U.S.[24]

text: District of Columbia[edit]

text: Washington[edit]

text:
2008: Alexander Ovechkin received the key of the city in honour of being the first player in NHL history to receive the most valuable player, outstanding player, top scorer, and goal scoring leader awards in the same season.[25]
2011: Lamont Peterson, American Boxer [26]
2011: Raheem DeVaughn, American Singer
2016: Bryce Harper, Professional Baseball player[27]

text: Middle to late 1960's Belinda Yvonne Ferrell received the Key to Washington DC by then Mayor Walter E. Washington (the first mayor of the nation's capitol).

text: Florida[edit]

text: Cape Coral[edit]

text: December 13, 2015: Jessica Lynch, Prisoner of War, Private First Class (2001 - 2003), was honored and presented with the key to the city of Cape Coral, Florida by Mayor Marni Sawicki at a private dinner held at the Southwest Florida Military Museum & Library with both special and surprise guests in attendance. This was a private event closed to both the public and media.[28]

text: Clearwater[edit]

text:
George Hill [29]
17 January 2012: Frank Crum [30]
30 October 2013: Robert Engelman, Film Producer for Alcon Entertainment [31]

text: Doral[edit]

text: September 15, 2013: Henrique Capriles Radonski, Venezuelan opposition leader [32]

text: Dunedin[edit]

text: July 18, 2013: Lari White, country music artist [33]

text: Fort Myers[edit]

text: December 11, 2015: Jessica Lynch, Prisoner of War, Private First Class (2001 - 2003), was honored and presented with the key to the city of Fort Myers, Florida by Mayor Randy Henderson in a ceremony held at Centennial Park. Fort Myers police and firefighters also attended and made presentations of their own to her. This was a public event open to both the public and media.[34]

text: Key West[edit]

text:
December 20, 1955: Ethel Waters, singer and actress, was presented with the key to the city on the set of Carib Gold, a film in which she starred.[35]
December 28, 1955: Dwight D. Eisenhower, 34th President of the United States, received the key to the city during a 12-day vacation in Key West.[36]
May 22, 1956: Estes Kefauver, U.S. Senator, was given the key to the city while campaigning to be nominated the Democratic presidential candidate.[37]
February 23, 1957: Harry S. Truman, 33rd President of the United States, received the key to the city and was made honorary chairman of the board of county commissioners.[38]
July 14, 2004: Rosie O'Donnell, comedian and LGBT rights activist, was given the key to the city during the inaugural voyage of her cruise line, R Family Vacations.[39]

text: Lakeland[edit]

text: February 11, 1976: John McKay received the key to the city upon his appointment as head coach of the Tampa Bay Buccaneers.[40]

text: Miami[edit]

text:
2004: The mayors of Miami-Dade County and the city officially welcomed Shaquille O'Neal and presented him with the keys to the city before a press conference was held in the American Airlines Arena.[41]
August 9, 2004: Rap Superstar Lil' Kim was awarded the key to the city of Miami (her place of residence at the time) for her contributions to the world of Hip Hop.[42]
August 19, 2009: Miami Commissioner Thomas Regalado presented Armando Perez (aka Pitbull) with the key to the city during a morning ceremony.[43]
April 13, 2013: Mayor Matti Bower presented the Key to pop singer Adam Lambert for "being brave enough to be openly gay on American Idol."[44]
July 8, 2013: María Corina Machado, Venezuelan opposition leader [45]
August 20, 2013: José Sulaimán, president of the World Boxing Council [46]
September 15, 2013: Henrique Capriles Radonski, Venezuelan opposition leader [32]

text: North Miami[edit]

text:
November 19, 2012: Kim and Kourtney Kardashian, socialites, businesswomen, and models [47]
June 11, 2013: Gregory Toussaint, Pastor [48]

text: Ocala[edit]

text:
2 March 2007: John Travolta, American Actor
2 March 2007: Kelly Preston, American Actress
2017: A Day to Remember

text: Pensacola[edit]

text: 15 November 2016: Addison Russell, Professional Baseball Player for the World Series Champion Chicago Cubs. [51]

text: Sarasota[edit]

text: September 11, 2013: Diana Ross, singer and actress [52]

text: Tampa[edit]

text: January 28, 2003: Jon Gruden, head coach of the Tampa Bay Buccaneers, received the key to the city following the Buccaneers' Super Bowl XXXVII victory.[53]

text: Georgia[edit]

text: Franklin Springs[edit]

text: 2007: The Governor of Georgia, Sonny Perdue, received the key to the city of Franklin Springs after visiting the city and cutting the ribbon to the city's new Public Safety and City Hall buildings; the original buildings were destroyed in 2004 by Hurricane Ivan.[citation needed]

text: Milton[edit]

text: 2007: The original Governor's Commission for the City of Milton (Ron Wallace, Brandon Beach, Gregory Mishkin, Dan Phalan and Cecil Pruitt) was awarded the key to the city of Milton in recognition of their work in the creation of the city. They were also presented a proclamation that officially declares December 1 as "Commissioning Day" in honor of their achievements and recognizes the five men as the "Founding Fathers" of the City.[citation needed]

text: Hawaii[edit]

text: Honolulu[edit]

text: 12 December 2014: Michelle Wie, American Golfer. [54]

text: Illinois[edit]

text: Chicago[edit]

text:
December 30, 1871: Grand Duke Alexei Alexandrovich of Russia received the "Freedom of the City of Chicago".[55]
June 26, 1933: Residents of the Midget Village at the Century of Progress World's Fair were presented with a key to the City of Chicago by Mayor Edward Joseph Kelly.[56]
August 17, 1970: As part of Chicago's Lakefront Festival, Mayor Richard J. Daley awarded a key to the City of Chicago to Edward Stein, who had emerged from the Chicago River dressed as Neptune to lead a parade.[57]
May 1985: Jean McFadden, leader of the Glasgow District Council was presented a key to the City of Chicago by Joel Hall as part of Glasgow's Mayfest [58]
April 21, 1988: Michael Jackson was awarded the Key to the City by Eugene Sawyer.[59]
March 20, 1990: Audrey Hepburn was presented with a key to the City of Chicago by Mayor Richard M. Daley.[60]
October 12, 1990: Sophia Loren was presented with a key to the City of Chicago by Mayor Richard M. Daley.[61]
1996: The famous Lebanese Arab singer Najwa Karam was presented with the Key to the City of Chicago.[62]

text: North Chicago[edit]

text: July 11, 2011: Shawn Marion, basketball player with the Dallas Mavericks, was awarded the key to the city following the Mavericks' victory at the 2011 NBA Finals.[63]

text: Springfield[edit]

text: March 11, 2015: Mayor J. Michael Houston awarded the Key to the City to Cobra Commander from G.I. Joe in honor of the G.I. JoeCon convention taking place the following month.[64]

text: Indiana[edit]

text: Indianapolis[edit]

text: July 17, 2015: Reggie Wayne, wide receiver for the Indianapolis Colts NFL football team receives a key to the city of Indianapolis [65]

text: Iowa[edit]

text: Des Moines[edit]

text: 21 October 2006: Bill Bryson, Author [66]

text: Kentucky[edit]

text: Bowling Green[edit]

text: August 26, 2004: Dionne Warwick, singer, received the key to the city prior to her appearance at an Athena Cage concert.[67]

text: Louisville[edit]

text:
1975: Helen Humes, musician, received the key to the city for her extensive musical career.[68]
Frederick Cease, soldier, received the key to the city at some point in the 1990s for his extensive military service.[69]
July, 2000: Nancy Johnson Barker, singer, received the key to the city after the 25th anniversary of the Kentucky Music Weekend Festival.[70]
2002: Ivor Chodkowski, farmer, received the key to the city for working to start a farmer's market in Louisville's "food desert."[71]
September 24, 2002: Montgomery Gentry, musician, received the key to the city for his musical career.[72]
January 2010: Sam Leist, lawyer, received the key to the city for his career in public service.[73]
March 12, 2016: Bryson Tiller, singer, received the key to the city by the city's mayor, Greg Fischer, as well as a holiday on March 12, called "Bryson Tiller Day." This all occurred at his T R A P S O U L concert.[74]
April 5, 2016: Awadeya Mahmoud, human rights worker, received the key to the city by Greg Fischer, upon her receiving the International Women of Courage Award.[75]
June 29, 2016: John Rabun, social worker, received the key to the city by Greg Fischer, for his work as the head of the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children.[76]
January 10, 2017: Bob Beatty, American football Coach, received the key to the city by Greg Fischer, after winning Trinity High School's 24th state football title.[77]

text: Louisiana[edit]

text: Baton Rouge[edit]

text: 14 February 2013: R. Kelly, American Singer [78]

text: New Orleans[edit]

text:
November 21, 2006: Kentucky-New Orleans Architecture Studio was awarded the key to the city of New Orleans for its work on restoration and re-design efforts of Mickey Markey Park in Bywater.[79]
April 26, 2007: The Harris County Hospital District was awarded the key to the city in recognition of its efforts to provide health care to Hurricane Katrina evacuees at its Astrodome Clinic in September 2005.[80]
June 2008: Atlanta native, R&B Singer Usher awarded the key to the city for his effort and dedication to help rebuild New Orleans after Hurricane Katrina.[81]
September 25, 2011: Former New Orleans Saints safety Steve Gleason was granted the key to the city for his blocked punt against the Atlanta Falcons in the Saints' first home game after Hurricane Katrina.[82]

text: Maine[edit]

text: Portland[edit]

text:
July 13, 2008: moe., a band from upstate New York, was presented the key to the city in recognition of a two-day fundraising concert they organised for the Preble Street Resource Center.[83]
June 13, 2014: Evander Holyfield, American Boxer [84]

text: Maryland[edit]

text: Baltimore[edit]

text: September 10, 2012: Keys to the city were awarded to eight athletes who competed in the 2012 Summer Olympics: swimmers Michael Phelps and Katie Ledecky, rower David Banks, windsurfer Farrah Hall, cyclist Bobby Lea, field hockey player Katie O'Donnell, kayaker Scott Parsons, and modern pentathlete Suzanne Stettinius.[85]

text: Massachusetts[edit]

text: Brockton[edit]

text: September 29, 1980: Boxer Marvin Hagler was crowned World Middleweight Champion of September 27, and received the key to the city on his return to his hometown.[86]

text: Michigan[edit]

text: Albion[edit]

text: 1960s: Ann Landers received the key to the city of Albion upon her visit to Starr Commonwealth for Boys.[87]

text: Detroit[edit]

text:
Annually: Santa Claus is presented with the Key to the City during each America's Thanksgiving Parade.
September 26, 1974: Stevie Wonder, renowned Motown recording artist was awarded a key to the city by then Mayor Coleman Young.[88]
1980: Saddam Hussein, Iraqi President at that time, was awarded the key to the city by Mayor Coleman Young, for having donated hundreds of thousands of dollars to a local church.[89][90]
January 31, 2006: Detroit native Jerome Bettis was awarded the key to the city by Mayor Kwame Kilpatrick days before his Super Bowl win.[91][92]
January 2, 2007: Steve Yzerman received the key to the city after his retirement and having his jersey retired.[93]
January 27, 2010: Elmo received the key to the city from Mayor David Bing during a visit with kids at Children's Hospital of Michigan.[94]
April 1, 2017: Big Sean received the key to the city from Mayor Mike Duggan for setting up a foundation called "Mogul Prep" that teaches kids all the behind the scenes jobs available in the music industry.

text: Flint[edit]

text:
1976: Jackie Moon received the key to the city of Flint, Michigan for masterminding the Flint Tropics to the Flint Michigan MegaBowl
1989: Lois M. Craig received the key to the city of Flint.[95]
June 10, 2007: American Idol finalist LaKisha Jones received a proclamation and key to the city from Mayor Don Williamson.[96]

text: Sault Sainte Marie[edit]

text: July 22, 2007 Kiss (band) received the key to the city of Sault Ste Marie

text: Nevada[edit]

text: Fernley[edit]

text: August 2012: Jacob Dalton, American Olympic Gymnast (2012).[98]

text: Las Vegas[edit]

text:
1999: Lebanese recording artist Fairuz received the key to the city of Las Vegas [99]
2012: Lebanese recording artist Nancy Ajram received the key to the city of Las Vegas.[100]
2014: On November 5, American singer Britney Spears was honored, and received the key to the city of Las Vegas.[101]
2015: professional baseball players Bryce Harper and Kris Bryant received keys to the city of Las Vegas
2016: Professional DJ, record producer, radio personality, and record label executive DJ Khaled received keys to the city of Las Vegas
2016: Property Brothers, Jonathan and Drew Scott earn receive keys to the city of Las Vegas after their contributions towards charity
2017: On September 3, Ultralight Team members and creators of Bats & Butterflies LV, Anthony C. Flores and Isaiah J. LaBelle received keys to the city of Las Vegas

text: New Jersey[edit]

text: Atlantic City[edit]

text: June 21, 2013: Mallory Hagan, winner of Miss America 2013 [102]

text: Hoboken[edit]

text:
October 30, 1947: Frank Sinatra, American Singer and Actor.
July 6, 1998: Aaron Rosa, drummer of the rock band Palisades.

text: Jersey City[edit]

text: March 17, 1961: Brendan Behan, Irish playwright and author, received the keys to Jersey City from Mayor Charles Witkowski.[103]

text: Newark[edit]

text: 2016: Professor Don Jacob, Martial Artist, Grandmaster

text: Paterson[edit]

text:
April 15, 2012: Victor Cruz (American football) of the New York Giants was awarded the key to the city of Paterson for his role in the Super Bowl XLVI victory over the New England Patriots.
August 28, 2015: Rapper Fetty Wap was given the key to the city of his hometown Paterson, New Jersey by Mayor Jose "Joey" Torres.[104]

text: New York[edit]

text: Buffalo[edit]

text:
May 19, 2009: Terrell Owens received the key to the city of Buffalo with the provisions that he catch a minimum of 10 touchdown passes for the Buffalo Bills and lead the team into the NFL Playoffs.[105] He only caught five touchdowns, the Bills failed to make the playoffs, and Owens was released at the end of the 2009 season.
November 6, 2014: Terrence Pegula received the key to the city of Buffalo, as a result of his purchase of the Buffalo Sabres, Buffalo Bills and Buffalo Bandits professional sports teams and his construction of the HarborCenter complex.[106]

text: Mount Vernon[edit]

text: John J. McGrath, American Businessman.

text: New York[edit]

text:
June 27, 1702: Viscount Cornbury was presented the "Freedom of the City".[107]
September 1735: Andrew Hamilton received the "Freedom of the City" for his defence of John Peter Zenger.[108]
February 25, 1902: Prince Henry of Prussia was presented the Freedom of the City during a visit to New York.[109]
1927: The aviator Charles Lindbergh was awarded the key to the city following his record-breaking non-stop flight from New York to Paris.[110]
February 5, 2008: The New York Giants players, coaches and owners received keys to the city in recognition of their victory at Super Bowl XLII. Presentation took place at City Hall after a ticker-tape parade up the Canyon of Heroes in lower Manhattan.[111]
February 9, 2009: Chesley B. Sullenberger III received the key to the city for safely landing US Airways Flight 1549 in the Hudson River after mid-air faults from a bird collision, saving the lives of all 155 people on board. The First Officer of the Flight, Jeffrey B. Skiles, and flight attendants Sheila Dail, Doreen Welsh and Donna Dent also received keys to the city.[7]
May 8, 2009: Captain Richard Phillips and crewman William Rios received keys to the city in recognition of their heroism aboard the Maersk Alabama during the 2009 hijacking by Somali pirates.[112][113]
November 6, 2009: The New York Yankees players, coaches and owners received keys to the city in recognition of their 2009 World Series victory.[114]
October 14, 2010: Ralph Lauren received a key for his philanthropic and economic contributions to the city.[115]
November 18, 2011: Regis Philbin received a key to the city to honor his twenty-eight year contribution to New York media.[116]
February 7, 2012: The New York Giants players, coaches and owners received keys to the city in recognition of their victory at Super Bowl XLVI. Presentation took place at City Hall after a ticker-tape parade up the Canyon of Heroes in lower Manhattan.[117]
July 10, 2015: The United States Women's National Soccer Team players and coaches received keys to the city in recognition of their 2015 Women's World Cup victory.[118] The parade was organized on short notice and was the first ticker-tape parade in New York City to honor female athletes since Olympic Athletes in 1984.[119]
January 9, 2016: Ray Pfeifer FDNY Firefighter receives the Key to the City of New York for his work to help secure health care for over 80,000 9/11/01 first responders. The James Zadroga 9/11 Health and Compensation Act was signed into law on December 18, 2015
March 2, 2016: Rapper Foxy Brown was honored by Mayor Bill de Blasio and awarded the Key to the City.[120][121]
June 12, 2017: Rapper Fabolous was awarded the Key to the City of New York during a concert in Brooklyn's Barclays Center.[122]

text: Rochester[edit]

text:
June 3, 2013: The Rochester Knighthawks, a professional lacrosse team [123]
April 23, 2016: Beverly Bond, producer, writer, serial entrepreneur, philanthropist and celebrity DJ, received a key to the city for her contribution to the African American community by empowering and positively impacting the lives of young Black girls through her organization-Black Girls Rock!

text: Binghamton[edit]

text: August 12, 2007: Dusan Vemic, a professional tennis player on the ATP world tour was given a key to the city in recognition of his fair play and contribution to the sport.

text: North Carolina[edit]

text: Wilmington[edit]

text: June 20, 2013: Stephen King, author, was awarded the Key to the City at an advance screening of the CBS series Under the Dome, based on a novel by King.[124]

text: High Point[edit]

text:
Billy Quick, a High Point native and a Special Olympics athlete and ambassador.[125]
October 13, 2017: Kathy Ireland, American model and actress, turned author and entrepreneur; received the key from High Point mayor Bill Bencini.[126]

text: Ohio[edit]

text: Akron[edit]

text: May 28, 2016: Mark Mothersbaugh, artist and Devo founder, was awarded the key to the city during a ceremony at the Akron-Summit County Public Library.[127]

text: Columbus[edit]

text: May 26, 2005: Fatty Koo, singers songwriter Music group

text: Toledo[edit]

text: May 13, 2010: Crystal Bowersox, singer-songwriter and actress, was given the key to the city after reaching the finals of American Idol.[128]

text: Cincinnati[edit]

text:
2015: Cate Blanchett, Australian Actress.
2015: Rooney Mara, American Actress.
2015: Christine Vachon, American Film Producer.
2015: Sir Elton John CBE, British Singer.
2015: Lionel Richie, American Singer.
2015: Jennifer Hudson, American Actress and Singer.
2015: Carl Hilding Severinsen, American Musician and Bandleader on The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson.
2015: Drew Lachey, American Singer.
2015: Nick Lachey, American Singer.

text: Cleveland[edit]

text:
1968: B.B. King, American blues singer, guitarist, songwriter, and record producer
Pelé, Brazilian Football Player.
June 16, 2011:
Betty White, Actress
Wendie Malick, Actress
Jane Leeves, Actress
Valerie Bertinelli, Actress

text: Cast Members of TV Show Hot in Cleveland [1]

text:
November 5, 2011: Aretha Franklin, American Singer.[130]
July 17, 2015: Mickey Bey, IBF Lightweight Boxing Champion.[131]

text: Oklahoma[edit]

text: Tulsa[edit]

text: 18 March 2010: Robert Meachem, NFL Football Player.[132]

text: Tennessee[edit]

text: Dayton[edit]

text: July 21, 1960: John T. Scopes was given the key to the city on the 35th anniversary of the Scopes Trial, in which he had been found guilty of teaching evolution in a Tennessee school.[133]

text: Elizabethton[edit]

text: June 21, 2013: Jason Witten, American football player [134]

text: Memphis[edit]

text: February 15, 2011: Grandmaster Hikaru Nakamura received the key to the city of Memphis for his supertournament victory at the 2011 Tata Steel Chess Tournament in Wijk aan Zee.[135]

text: Texas[edit]

text: Austin[edit]

text: May 3, 1901: President William McKinley received the key to Austin, Texas from Mayor R.F White.

text: Denison[edit]

text: 1952: Presidential candidate General Dwight D. Eisenhower received the key to his birthplace city from Mayor Alfred Cecil "Mike" Casey.

text: Missouri City, TX[edit]

text: March 2, 2015 Johnnie Moutra III (Johnny Long), nationally known for co-hosting Jimmy Kimmel Live at his home & winning the grand prize on ABC's hit reality TV show "Here Come The Newlyweds," was awarded key to the city by Mayor Allen Owen for the national recognition he continues to bring to the city.

text: Dallas[edit]

text:
December 13, 2009: M. K. Asante was awarded the key to the city of Dallas by Mayor Pro Tem Dwaine Caraway for his work as an author, filmmaker, and professor.[136]
February 6, 2011: Michael Vick, quarterback for the Philadelphia Eagles, was awarded the key to the city of Dallas by Mayor Pro Tem Dwaine Caraway; this proved controversial, as Vick had previously served time in prison for his involvement with an illegal dog-fighting ring.[137]

text: Houston[edit]

text:
1990: Maria de Guadalupe Butron Pereda, M.D., professor at the Universidad Veracruzana of Mexico, was awarded the key to the city of Houston for her humanitarian work.[citation needed]
2000: Pramukh Swami Maharaj 5th Spiritual leader of BAPS.[138]
Selena Quintanilla was awarded the Key to the city of Houston on April 16, 1994. This was her 23rd Birthday, less than a year before her untimely death.[139]
Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin has been awarded the Key of Houston.
February 15, 2013: Yao Ming was awarded the key to the city of Houston.[140]
October 23, 2015: Mufaddal Saifuddin has been awarded the Key of Houston by Mayor Annise Parker.
March 23, 2016: Marvin Odum, retiring President of Shell Oil Company, was awarded the keys to the city by Mayor Sylvester Turner. Odum was a true philanthropist and man of the people, steering the ship through the treacherous waters of $100+ oil.

text: Irving[edit]

text:
July 19, 2013: Mike and Bob Bryan, twin brothers and professional tennis players [141]
August 20, 2017: Mahant Swami Maharaj, Hindu swami and 6th Spiritual leader of BAPS.

text: Mansfield[edit]

text: June 6, 2013: Tony Kanaan, race car driver [142]

text: Kingsville[edit]

text: Pedro Diaz De Leon SR.

text: Utah[edit]

text: West Valley City[edit]

text: July 27, 2011: Halaevalu Mata'aho 'Ahome'e, HM The Queen Mother of Tonga

text: Ogden[edit]

text: June 15, 2013: Damian Lillard, basketball player [143]

text: Kaysville City[edit]

text: May 31, 2017: Lincoln and Dan Markham, YouTube stars[144]

text: Virginia[edit]

text: Roanoke[edit]

text: May 4, 2016: George Takei was given the Key to the City by Mayor David A. Bowers [145]

text: Washington[edit]

text: Bremerton[edit]

text: Sept, 2006: MxPx was given the keys to the city of Bremerton by Mayor Cary Bozeman.[146]

text: Spokane[edit]

text:
June 9, 1948: Harry S. Truman, 33rd President of the United States, stopped at Spokane while campaigning for re-election, and was given the key to the city.[147]
1980: Ted Nugent, Rock musician, stopped in Spokane during a concert tour, and was given the key to the city by then-mayor Ron Bair.[148]

text: Wisconsin[edit]

text: Green Bay[edit]

text: August 10, 2016: Rock band Kiss played at the Resch Center on the Freedom to Rock Tour. During the encore, they were presented the key to the city by Mayor Jim Schmitt.[149]