document_title: Jaws (film)

question_text: what is the name of the boat in jaws

question_tokens: what is the name of the boat in jaws

text: Jaws (film)

text: Plot[edit]

text: A beach party takes place at dusk on Amity Island, where a woman named Chrissie Watkins goes skinny dipping in the ocean. While treading water, she is violently pulled under. The next day, her partial remains are found on shore. The medical examiner ruling the death a shark attack leads to Police Chief Martin Brody closing the beaches. Mayor Larry Vaughn opposes Brody's idea, fearing that it will ruin the town's summer economy. The coroner now concurs with the mayor's theory that Watkins was killed in a boating accident. Brody reluctantly accepts their conclusion until another fatal shark attack occurs shortly thereafter. A bounty is then placed on the shark, resulting in an amateur shark-hunting frenzy. Local professional shark hunter Quint offers his services for $10,000. Meanwhile, consulting oceanographer Matt Hooper examines Watkins' remains, and confirms her death was caused by shark attack.

text: When local fishermen catch a large tiger shark, the mayor proclaims that the beaches are safe. Hooper disputes it being the same predator, confirming this after no human remains are found inside it. Hooper and Brody find a half-sunken vessel while searching the night waters in Hooper's boat. Underwater, Hooper retrieves a sizable great white shark's tooth embedded in the submerged hull. He drops it after finding a partial corpse. Vaughn discounts Brody and Hooper's claims that a huge great white shark is responsible, and refuses to close the beaches, allowing only added safety precautions. On the Fourth of July weekend, tourists venture the beaches. Following a juvenile prank, the real shark enters a nearby estuary, killing a boater and causing Brody's son, Michael, to go into shock. Brody then convinces Vaughn to hire Quint.

text: Quint, Brody, and Hooper set out on Quint's boat, the Orca, to hunt the shark. While Brody lays down a chum line, Quint waits for an opportunity to hook the shark. Without warning, it appears behind the boat. Quint examines the shark and harpoons a barrel into it, but it drags the barrel underwater and temporarily disappears.

text: At nightfall, the shark returns unexpectedly, ramming the boat's hull, and disabling the power. The men work through the night, repairing the engine. In the morning, Brody attempts to call the Coast Guard, but Quint smashes the radio. After a long chase, Quint harpoons another barrel into the shark. The line is tied to the stern cleats, but the shark drags the boat backward, swamping the deck and flooding the engine compartment before breaking the cleats off. Quint then heads toward shore, intending to lure the shark to shallower waters and suffocate it, but the engine fails.

text: With the Orca slowly sinking, the trio attempt a riskier approach. Hooper puts on scuba gear and enters the water in a shark-proof cage, intending to lethally inject the shark with strychnine, using a hypodermic spear. The shark demolishes the cage before Hooper can inject it, but he manages to escape to the seabed. The shark then attacks the boat directly and devours Quint. Trapped on the sinking vessel, Brody stuffs a pressurized scuba tank into the shark's mouth, and, climbing the mast, shoots the tank with a rifle, destroying it. The resulting explosion obliterates the shark. Hooper resurfaces, reuniting with Brody, and the two paddle to Amity Island clinging to boat wreckage.

text: Production[edit]

text: Development[edit]

text: Richard D. Zanuck and David Brown, producers at Universal Pictures, independently heard about Peter Benchley's novel Jaws. Brown came across it in the literature section of lifestyle magazine Cosmopolitan, then edited by his wife, Helen Gurley Brown. A small card written by the magazine's book editor gave a detailed description of the plot, concluding with the comment "might make a good movie".[2][3] The producers each read the book over the course of a single night and agreed the next morning that it was "the most exciting thing that they had ever read" and that they wanted to produce a film version, although they were unsure how it would be accomplished.[4] They purchased the movie rights in 1973, before the book's publication, for approximately $175,000 (equivalent to $0.94 million in 2016).[5] Brown claimed that had they read the book twice, they would never have made the film because they would have realized how difficult it would be to execute certain sequences.[6]

text: To direct, Zanuck and Brown first considered veteran filmmaker John Sturges—whose résumé included another maritime adventure, The Old Man and the Sea—before offering the job to Dick Richards, whose directorial debut, The Culpepper Cattle Co. had come out the previous year.[7] However, they grew irritated by Richards's habit of describing the shark as a whale and soon dropped him from the project.[7] Meanwhile, Steven Spielberg very much wanted the job. The 26-year-old had just directed his first theatrical film, The Sugarland Express, for Zanuck and Brown. At the end of a meeting in their office, Spielberg noticed their copy of the still-unpublished Benchley novel, and after reading it was immediately captivated.[5] He later observed that it was similar to his 1971 television film Duel in that both deal with "these leviathans targeting everymen".[4] After Richards's departure, the producers signed Spielberg to direct in June 1973, before the release of The Sugarland Express.[7]

text: Before production began, however, Spielberg grew reluctant to continue with Jaws, in fear of becoming typecast as the "truck and shark director".[8] He wanted to move over to 20th Century Fox's Lucky Lady instead, but Universal exercised its right under its contract with the director to veto his departure.[9] Brown helped convince Spielberg to stick with the project, saying that "after [Jaws], you can make all the films you want".[8] The film was given an estimated budget of $3.5 million and a shooting schedule of 55 days. Principal photography was set to begin in May 1974. Universal wanted the shoot to finish by the end of June, when the major studios' contract with the Screen Actors Guild was due to expire, to avoid any disruptions due to a potential strike.[10]

text: Writing[edit]

text: For the screen adaptation, Spielberg wanted to stay with the novel's basic plot, while omitting Benchley's many subplots.[5] He declared that his favorite part of the book was the shark hunt on the last 120 pages, and told Zanuck when he accepted the job, "I'd like to do the picture if I could change the first two acts and base the first two acts on original screenplay material, and then be very true to the book for the last third."[11] When the producers purchased the rights to his novel, they promised Benchley that he could write the first draft of the screenplay.[5] The intent was to make sure a script could be done despite an impending threat of a Writer's Guild strike, given Benchley was not unionized.[12] Overall, he wrote three drafts before the script was turned over to other writers;[5] delivering his final version to Spielberg, he declared, "I'm written out on this, and that's the best I can do."[13] Benchley would later describe his contribution to the finished film as "the storyline and the ocean stuff – basically, the mechanics", given he "didn't know how to put the character texture into a screenplay."[12] One of his changes was to remove the novel's adulterous affair between Ellen Brody and Matt Hooper, at the suggestion of Spielberg, who feared it would compromise the camaraderie between the men on the Orca.[14] During the film's production, Benchley agreed to return and play a small onscreen role as a reporter.[15]

text: Spielberg, who felt that the characters in Benchley's script were still unlikable, invited the young screenwriter John Byrum to do a rewrite, but he declined the offer.[8] Columbo creators William Link and Richard Levinson also declined Spielberg's invitation.[16] Tony and Pulitzer Prize–winning playwright Howard Sackler was in Los Angeles when the filmmakers began looking for another writer and offered to do an uncredited rewrite; since the producers and Spielberg were unhappy with Benchley's drafts, they quickly agreed.[4] At the suggestion of Spielberg, Brody's characterization made him afraid of water, "coming from an urban jungle to find something more terrifying off this placid island near Massachusetts."[12]

text: Spielberg wanted "some levity" in Jaws, humor that would avoid making it "a dark sea hunt", so he turned to his friend Carl Gottlieb, a comedy writer-actor then working on the sitcom The Odd Couple.[13] Spielberg sent Gottlieb a script, asking what the writer would change and if there was a role he would be interested in performing.[17] Gottlieb sent Spielberg three pages of notes, and picked the part of Meadows, the politically connected editor of the local paper. He passed the audition one week before Spielberg took him to meet the producers regarding a writing job.[18]

text: While the deal was initially for a "one-week dialogue polish", Gottlieb eventually became the primary screenwriter, rewriting the entire script during a nine-week period of principal photography.[18] The script for each scene was typically finished the night before it was shot, after Gottlieb had dinner with Spielberg and members of the cast and crew to decide what would go into the film. Many pieces of dialogue originated from the actors' improvisations during these meals; a few were created on set, most notably Roy Scheider's ad-lib of the line "You're gonna need a bigger boat"[19] after similar comments had been made throughout filming.[20] John Milius contributed dialogue polishes,[21] and Sugarland Express writers Matthew Robbins and Hal Barwood also made uncredited contributions.[22] Spielberg has claimed that he prepared his own draft, although it is unclear to what degree the other screenwriters drew on his material.[21] One specific alteration he called for in the story was to change the cause of the shark's death from extensive wounds to a scuba tank explosion, as he felt audiences would respond better to a "big rousing ending".[23] The director estimated the final script had a total of 27 scenes that were not in the book.[14]

text: Benchley had written Jaws after reading about sport fisherman Frank Mundus's capture of an enormous shark in 1964. According to Gottlieb, Quint was loosely based on Mundus, whose book Sportfishing for Sharks he read for research.[24] Sackler came up with the backstory of Quint as a survivor of the World War II USS Indianapolis disaster.[25] The question of who deserves the most credit for writing Quint's monologue about the Indianapolis has caused substantial controversy. Spielberg described it as a collaboration between Sackler, Milius, and actor Robert Shaw, who was also a playwright.[21] According to the director, Milius turned Sackler's "three-quarters of a page" speech into a monologue, and that was then rewritten by Shaw.[25] Gottlieb gives primary credit to Shaw, downplaying Milius's contribution.[26]

text: Casting[edit]

text:
Actor

Role

Scheider, RoyRoy Scheider

Chief Martin Brody

Shaw, RobertRobert Shaw

Quint

Dreyfuss, RichardRichard Dreyfuss

Matt Hooper

Gary, LorraineLorraine Gary

Ellen Brody

Hamilton, MurrayMurray Hamilton

Mayor Larry Vaughn

Gottlieb, CarlCarl Gottlieb

Meadows

Kramer, JeffreyJeffrey Kramer

Deputy Hendricks

Backlinie, SusanSusan Backlinie

Chrissie Watkins

Benchley, PeterPeter Benchley

Interviewer

text: Though Spielberg complied with a request from Zanuck and Brown to cast known actors,[15] he wanted to avoid hiring any big stars. He felt that "somewhat anonymous" performers would help the audience "believe this was happening to people like you and me", whereas "stars bring a lot of memories along with them, and those memories can sometimes ... corrupt the story."[22] The director added that in his plans "the superstar was gonna be the shark".[13] The first actors cast were Lorraine Gary, the wife of then-president of Universal Sid Sheinberg, as Ellen Brody,[15] and Murray Hamilton as the mayor of Amity Island.[27] Stuntwoman-turned-actress Susan Backlinie was cast as Chrissie (the first victim) as she knew how to swim and was willing to perform nude.[13] Most minor roles were played by residents of Martha's Vineyard, where the film was shot. One example was Deputy Hendricks, played by future television producer Jeffrey Kramer.[28]

text: The role of Brody was offered to Robert Duvall, but the actor was interested only in portraying Quint.[29] Charlton Heston expressed a desire for the role, but Spielberg felt that Heston would bring a screen persona too grand for the part of a police chief of a modest community.[30] Roy Scheider became interested in the project after overhearing Spielberg at a party talk with a screenwriter about having the shark jump up onto a boat.[15] Spielberg was initially apprehensive about hiring Scheider, fearing he would portray a "tough guy", similar to his role in The French Connection.[29]

text: Nine days before the start of production, neither Quint nor Hooper had been cast.[31] The role of Quint was originally offered to actors Lee Marvin and Sterling Hayden, both of whom passed.[15][29] Zanuck and Brown had just finished working with Robert Shaw on The Sting, and suggested him to Spielberg.[32] Shaw was reluctant to take the role since he did not like the book, but decided to accept at the urging of both his wife, actress Mary Ure, and his secretary—"The last time they were that enthusiastic was From Russia with Love. And they were right."[33] Shaw based his performance on fellow cast member Craig Kingsbury, a local fisherman, farmer, and legendary eccentric, who was playing fisherman Ben Gardner.[34] Spielberg described Kingsbury as "the purest version of who, in my mind, Quint was", and some of his offscreen utterances were incorporated into the script as lines of Gardner and Quint.[35] Another source for some of Quint's dialogue and mannerisms, especially in the third act at sea, was Vineyard mechanic and boat-owner Lynn Murphy.[36][37]

text: For the role of Hooper, Spielberg initially wanted Jon Voight.[32] Timothy Bottoms, Joel Grey, and Jeff Bridges were also considered for the part.[38] Spielberg's friend George Lucas suggested Richard Dreyfuss, whom he had directed in American Graffiti.[15] The actor initially passed, but changed his decision after he attended a pre-release screening of The Apprenticeship of Duddy Kravitz, which he had just completed. Disappointed in his performance and fearing that no one would want to hire him once Kravitz was released, he immediately called Spielberg and accepted the role in Jaws. Because the film the director envisioned was so dissimilar to Benchley's novel, Spielberg asked Dreyfuss not to read it.[39] As a result of the casting, Hooper was rewritten to better suit the actor,[31] as well as to be more representative of Spielberg, who came to view Dreyfuss as his "alter ego".[38]

text: Filming[edit]

text:
"We started the film without a script, without a cast and without a shark."

—actor Richard Dreyfuss on the film's troubled production[40]

tag: div

text: Principal photography began May 2, 1974,[41] on the island of Martha's Vineyard, Massachusetts, selected after consideration was given to eastern Long Island. Brown explained later that the production "needed a vacation area that was lower middle class enough so that an appearance of a shark would destroy the tourist business."[42] Martha's Vineyard was also chosen because the surrounding ocean had a sandy bottom that never dropped below 35 feet (11 m) for 12 miles (19 km) out from shore, which allowed the mechanical sharks to operate while also beyond sight of land.[43] As Spielberg wanted to film the aquatic sequences relatively close-up to resemble what people see while swimming, cinematographer Bill Butler devised new equipment to facilitate marine and underwater shooting, including a rig to keep the camera stable regardless of tide and a sealed submersible camera box.[44] Spielberg asked the art department to avoid red in both scenery and wardrobe, so that the blood from the attacks would be the only red element and cause a bigger shock.[35]

text: Three full-size pneumatically powered prop sharks—which the film crew nicknamed "Bruce" after Spielberg's lawyer, Bruce Ramer—were made for the production:[46] a "sea-sled shark", a full-body prop with its belly missing that was towed with a 300 feet (91 m) line, and two "platform sharks", one that moved from camera-left to -right (with its hidden left side exposing an array of pneumatic hoses), and an opposite model with its right flank uncovered.[5] The sharks were designed by art director Joe Alves during the third quarter of 1973. Between November 1973 and April 1974, the sharks were fabricated at Rolly Harper's Motion Picture & Equipment Rental in Sun Valley, California. Their construction involved a team of as many as 40 effects technicians, supervised by mechanical effects supervisor Bob Mattey, best known for creating the giant squid in 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea. After the sharks were completed, they were trucked to the shooting location.[47] In early July, the platform used to tow the two side-view sharks capsized as it was being lowered to the ocean floor, forcing a team of divers to retrieve it.[48] The model required 14 operators to control all of the moving parts.[39]

text: Jaws was the first major motion picture to be shot on the ocean,[49] resulting in a troubled shoot that went far over budget. David Brown said that the budget "was $4 million and the picture wound up costing $9 million";[50] the effects outlays alone grew to $3 million due to the problems with the mechanical sharks.[51] Disgruntled crew members gave the film the nickname "Flaws".[39][46] Spielberg attributed many problems to his perfectionism and his inexperience. The former was epitomized by his insistence on shooting at sea with a life-sized shark; "I could have shot the movie in the tank or even in a protected lake somewhere, but it would not have looked the same," he said.[33] As for his lack of experience: "I was naive about the ocean, basically. I was pretty naive about mother nature and the hubris of a filmmaker who thinks he can conquer the elements was foolhardy, but I was too young to know I was being foolhardy when I demanded that we shoot the film in the Atlantic Ocean and not in a North Hollywood tank."[25] Gottlieb said that "there was nothing to do except make the movie", so everyone kept overworking, and while as a writer he did not have to attend the ocean set every day, once the crewmen returned they arrived "ravaged and sunburnt, windblown and covered with salt water".[12]

text: Shooting at sea led to many delays: unwanted sailboats drifted into frame, cameras got soaked,[35] and the Orca once began to sink with the actors on board.[52] The prop sharks frequently malfunctioned owing to a series of problems including bad weather, pneumatic hoses taking on salt water, frames fracturing due to water resistance, corroding skin, and electrolysis. From the first water test onward, the "non-absorbent" neoprene foam that made up the sharks' skin soaked up liquid, causing the sharks to balloon, and the sea-sled model frequently got entangled among forests of seaweed.[33][48] Spielberg later calculated that during the 12-hour daily work schedule, on average only four hours were actually spent filming.[53] Gottlieb was nearly decapitated by the boat's propellers, and Dreyfuss was almost imprisoned in the steel cage.[33] The actors were frequently seasick. Shaw also fled to Canada whenever he could due to tax problems,[54] engaged in binge drinking, and developed a grudge against Dreyfuss, who was getting rave reviews for his performance in Duddy Kravitz.[13][55] Editor Verna Fields rarely had material to work with during principal photography, as according to Spielberg "we would shoot five scenes in a good day, three in an average day, and none in a bad day."[56]

text: The delays proved beneficial in some regards. The script was refined during production, and the unreliable mechanical sharks forced Spielberg to shoot many scenes so that the shark was only hinted at. For example, for much of the shark hunt, its location is indicated by the floating yellow barrels.[57] The opening had the shark devouring Chrissie,[13] but it was rewritten so that it would be shot with Backlinie being dragged and yanked by cables to simulate an attack.[35] Spielberg also included multiple shots of just the dorsal fin. This forced restraint is widely thought to have added to the film's suspense.[57] As Spielberg put it years later, "The film went from a Japanese Saturday matinee horror flick to more of a Hitchcock, the less-you-see-the-more-you-get thriller."[39] In another interview, he similarly declared, "The shark not working was a godsend. It made me become more like Alfred Hitchcock than like Ray Harryhausen." The acting became crucial for making audiences believe in such a big shark: "The more fake the shark looked in the water, the more my anxiety told me to heighten the naturalism of the performances."[25]

text: Footage of real sharks was shot by Ron and Valerie Taylor in the waters off Dangerous Reef in South Australia, with a short actor in a miniature shark cage to create the illusion that the sharks were enormous.[58] During the Taylors' shoot, a great white attacked the boat and cage. The footage of the cage attack was so stunning that Spielberg was eager to incorporate it in the film. No one had been in the cage at the time, however, and the script, following the novel, originally had the shark killing Hooper in it. The storyline was consequently altered to have Hooper escape from the cage, which allowed the footage to be used.[59][60] As production executive Bill Gilmore put it, "The shark down in Australia rewrote the script and saved Dreyfuss's character."[61]

text: Although principal photography was scheduled to take 55 days, it did not wrap until October 6, 1974, after 159 days.[39][41] Spielberg, reflecting on the protracted shoot, stated, "I thought my career as a filmmaker was over. I heard rumors ... that I would never work again because no one had ever taken a film 100 days over schedule."[39] Spielberg himself was not present for the shooting of the final scene in which the shark explodes, as he believed that the crew were planning to throw him in the water when the scene was done.[23] It has since become a tradition for Spielberg to be absent when the final scene of one of his films is being shot.[62] Afterward, underwater scenes were shot at the Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer water tank in Culver City, with stuntmen Dick Warlock and Frank James Sparks as stand-ins for Dreyfuss in the scene where the shark attacks the cage,[63] as well as near Santa Catalina Island, California. Fields, who had completed a rough cut of the first two-thirds of the film, up until the shark hunt, finished the editing and reworked some of the material. According to Zanuck, "She actually came in and reconstructed some scenes that Steven had constructed for comedy and made them terrifying, and some scenes he shot to be terrifying and made them comedy scenes."[64] The ship used for the Orca was brought to Los Angeles so the sound effects team could record sounds for both the ship and the underwater scenes.[65]

text: Two scenes were altered following test screenings. As the audience's screams had covered up Scheider's "bigger boat" one-liner, Brody's reaction after the shark jumps behind him was extended, and the volume of the line was raised.[66][67] Spielberg also decided that he was greedy for "one more scream", and reshot the scene in which Hooper discovers Ben Gardner's body, using $3,000 of his own money after Universal refused to pay for the reshoot. The underwater scene was shot in Fields's swimming pool in Encino, California,[68] using a lifecast latex model of Craig Kingsbury's head attached to a fake body, which was placed in the wrecked boat's hull.[35] To simulate the murky waters of Martha's Vineyard, powdered milk was poured into the pool, which was then covered with a tarpaulin.[12]

text: Music[edit]

text:
"Main Title and First Victim"

The main theme for Jaws, revolving around an ostinato of bass notes, which composer John Williams said were meant to represent the shark as an "unstoppable force" of "mindless and instinctive attacks"[69]

Problems playing this file? See media help.

text: John Williams composed the film's score, which earned him an Academy Award and was later ranked the sixth-greatest score by the American Film Institute.[70][71] The main "shark" theme, a simple alternating pattern of two notes — variously identified as "E and F"[72] or "F and F sharp"[73] — became a classic piece of suspense music, synonymous with approaching danger (see leading-tone). Williams described the theme as "grinding away at you, just as a shark would do, instinctual, relentless, unstoppable."[74] The piece was performed by tuba player Tommy Johnson. When asked by Johnson why the melody was written in such a high register and not played by the more appropriate French horn, Williams responded that he wanted it to sound "a little more threatening".[75] When Williams first demonstrated his idea to Spielberg, playing just the two notes on a piano, Spielberg was said to have laughed, thinking that it was a joke. As Williams saw similarities between Jaws and pirate movies, at other points in the score he evoked "pirate music", which he called "primal, but fun and entertaining".[69] Calling for rapid, percussive string playing, the score contains echoes of La mer by Claude Debussy as well of Igor Stravinsky's The Rite of Spring.[73][76]

text: There are various interpretations of the meaning and effectiveness of the primary music theme, which is widely described as one of the most recognizable cinematic themes of all time.[77] Music scholar Joseph Cancellaro proposes that the two-note expression mimics the shark's heartbeat.[78] According to Alexandre Tylski, like themes Bernard Herrmann wrote for Taxi Driver, North by Northwest, and particularly Mysterious Island, it suggests human respiration. He further argues that the score's strongest motif is actually "the split, the rupture"—when it dramatically cuts off, as after Chrissie's death.[73] The relationship between sound and silence is also taken advantage of in the way the audience is conditioned to associate the shark with its theme,[74] which is exploited toward the film's climax when the shark suddenly appears with no musical introduction.[77]

text: Spielberg later said that without Williams's score the film would have been only half as successful, and according to Williams it jumpstarted his career.[69] He had previously scored Spielberg's debut feature, The Sugarland Express, and went on to collaborate with the director on almost all of his films.[74] The original soundtrack for Jaws was released by MCA Records on LP in 1975, and as a CD in 1992, including roughly a half hour of music that Williams redid for the album.[79][80] In 2000, two versions of the score were released: Decca/Universal reissued the soundtrack album to coincide with the release of the 25th-anniversary DVD, featuring the entire 51 minutes of the original score,[79][80] and Varèse Sarabande put out a rerecording of the score performed by the Royal Scottish National Orchestra, conducted by Joel McNeely.[81]

text: Inspirations and themes[edit]

text: Herman Melville's Moby-Dick is the most notable artistic antecedent to Jaws. The character of Quint strongly resembles Captain Ahab, the obsessed captain of the Pequod who devotes his life to hunting a sperm whale. Quint's monologue reveals a similar obsession with sharks; even his boat, the Orca, is named after the only natural enemy of the white shark. In the novel and original screenplay, Quint dies after being dragged under the ocean by a harpoon tied to his leg, similar to the death of Ahab in Melville's novel.[82] A direct reference to these similarities may be found in Spielberg's draft of the screenplay, which introduces Quint watching the film version of Moby-Dick; his continuous laughter prompts other audience members to get up and leave the theater (Wesley Strick's screenplay for the 1991 remake of Cape Fear features a similar scene). However, the scene from Moby-Dick could not be licensed from the film's star, Gregory Peck, its copyright holder.[4] Screenwriter Carl Gottlieb also drew comparisons to Ernest Hemingway's The Old Man and the Sea: "Jaws is ... a titanic struggle, like Melville or Hemingway."[24]

text: The underwater scenes shot from the shark's point of view have been compared with passages in two 1950s horror films, Creature from the Black Lagoon and The Monster That Challenged the World.[83][84] Gottlieb named two science fiction productions from the same era as influences on how the shark was depicted, or not: The Thing from Another World, which Gottlieb described as "a great horror film where you only see the monster in the last reel";[85] and It Came From Outer Space, where "the suspense was built up because the creature was always off-camera". Those precedents helped Spielberg and Gottlieb to "concentrate on showing the 'effects' of the shark rather than the shark itself".[19] Scholars such as Thomas Schatz described how Jaws melds various genres while essentially being an action film and a thriller. Most is taken from horror, with the core of a nature-based monster movie while adding elements of a slasher film. The second half provides a buddy film in the interaction between the crew of the Orca, and a supernatural horror based on the shark's depiction of a nearly Satanic menace.[86]

text: Critics such as Neil Sinyard have described similarities to Henrik Ibsen's play An Enemy of the People.[87] Gottlieb himself said he and Spielberg referred to Jaws as "Moby-Dick meets Enemy of the People".[88] The Ibsen work features a doctor who discovers that a seaside town's medicinal hot springs, a major tourist attraction and revenue source, are contaminated. When the doctor attempts to convince the townspeople of the danger, he loses his job and is shunned. This plotline is paralleled in Jaws by Brody's conflict with Mayor Vaughn, who refuses to acknowledge the presence of a shark that may dissuade summer beachgoers from coming to Amity. Brody is vindicated when more shark attacks occur at the crowded beach in broad daylight. Sinyard calls the film a "deft combination of Watergate and Ibsen's play".[87]

text: Scholarly criticism[edit]

text: Jaws has received attention from academic critics. Stephen Heath relates the film's ideological meanings to the then-recent Watergate scandal. He argues that Brody represents the "white male middle class—[there is] not a single black and, very quickly, not a single woman in the film", who restores public order "with an ordinary-guy kind of heroism born of fear-and-decency".[89] Yet Heath moves beyond ideological content analysis to examine Jaws as a signal example of the film as "industrial product" that sells on the basis of "the pleasure of cinema, thus yielding the perpetuation of the industry (which is why part of the meaning of Jaws is to be the most profitable movie)".[90]

text: Andrew Britton contrasts the film to the novel's post-Watergate cynicism, suggesting that its narrative alterations from the book (Hooper's survival, the shark's explosive death) help make it "a communal exorcism, a ceremony for the restoration of ideological confidence." He suggests that the experience of the film is "inconceivable" without the mass audience's jubilation when the shark is annihilated, signifying the obliteration of evil itself.[91] In his view, Brody serves to demonstrate that "individual action by the one just man is still a viable source for social change".[92] Peter Biskind argues that the film does maintain post-Watergate cynicism concerning politics and politicians insofar as the sole villain beside the shark is the town's venal mayor. Yet he observes that, far from the narrative formulas so often employed by New Hollywood filmmakers of the era—involving Us vs. Them, hip counterculture figures vs. "The Man"—the overarching conflict in Jaws does not pit the heroes against authority figures, but against a menace that targets everyone regardless of socioeconomic position.[93]

text: Whereas Britton states that the film avoids the novel's theme of social class conflicts on Amity Island,[92] Biskind detects class divisions in the screen version and argues for their significance. "Authority must be restored", he writes, "but not by Quint". The seaman's "working class toughness and bourgeois independence is alien and frightening ... irrational and out of control". Hooper, meanwhile, is "associated with technology rather than experience, inherited wealth rather than self-made sufficiency"; he is marginalized from the conclusive action, if less terminally than Quint.[94] Britton sees the film more as concerned with the "vulnerability of children and the need to protect and guard them", which in turn helps generate a "pervasive sense of the supreme value of family life: a value clearly related to [ideological] stability and cultural continuity".[95]

text: Fredric Jameson's analysis highlights the polysemy of the shark and the multiple ways in which it can be and has been read—from representing alien menaces such as communism or the Third World to more intimate dreads concerning the unreality of contemporary American life and the vain efforts to sanitize and suppress the knowledge of death. He asserts that its symbolic function is to be found in this very "polysemousness which is profoundly ideological, insofar as it allows essentially social and historical anxieties to be folded back into apparently 'natural' ones ... to be recontained in what looks like a conflict with other forms of biological existence."[96] He views Quint's demise as the symbolic overthrow of an old, populist, New Deal America and Brody and Hooper's partnership as an "allegory of an alliance between the forces of law-and-order and the new technocracy of the multinational corporations ... in which the viewer rejoices without understanding that he or she is excluded from it."[97]

text: Neal Gabler analyzed the film as showing three different approaches to solving an obstacle: science (represented by Hooper), spiritualism (represented by Quint), and the common man (represented by Brody). The last of the three is the one which succeeds and is in that way endorsed by the film.[98]

text: Release[edit]

text: Promotion[edit]

text: Universal spent $1.8 million promoting Jaws, including an unprecedented $700,000 on national television spot advertising.[40][99] The media blitz included about two dozen 30-second advertisements airing each night on prime-time network TV between June 18, 1975, and the film's opening two days later.[100] Beyond that, in the description of film industry scholar Searle Kochberg, Universal "devised and co-ordinated a highly innovative plan" for the picture's marketing.[100] As early as October 1974, Zanuck, Brown, and Benchley hit the television and radio talk show circuit to promote the paperback edition of the novel and the forthcoming film.[101] The studio and publisher Bantam agreed on a title logo that would appear on both the paperback and in all of the advertising for the film.[100] The centerpieces of the joint promotion strategy were John Williams's theme and the poster image featuring the shark approaching a lone female swimmer.[51] The poster was based on the paperback's cover, and had the same artist, Bantam employee Roger Kastel.[102] The Seiniger Advertising agency spent six months designing the poster; principal Tony Seiniger explained that "no matter what we did, it didn't look scary enough". Seiniger ultimately decided that "you had to actually go underneath the shark so you could see his teeth."[103]

text: More merchandise was created to take advantage of the film's release. In 1999, Graeme Turner wrote that Jaws was accompanied by what was still "probably the most elaborate array of tie-ins" of any film to date: "This included a sound-track album, T-shirts, plastic tumblers, a book about the making of the movie, the book the movie was based on, beach towels, blankets, shark costumes, toy sharks, hobby kits, iron-transfers, games, posters, shark's tooth necklaces, sleepwear, water pistols, and more."[104] The Ideal Toy Company, for instance, produced a game in which the player had to use a hook to fish out items from the shark's mouth before the jaws closed.[105]

text: Theatrical run[edit]

text: The glowing audience response to a rough cut of the film at two test screenings in Dallas on March 26, 1975, and one in Long Beach, on March 28, along with the success of Benchley's novel and the early stages of Universal's marketing campaign, generated great interest among theater owners, facilitating the studio's plan to debut Jaws at hundreds of cinemas simultaneously.[106][107] A third and final preview screening, of a cut incorporating changes inspired by the previous presentations, was held in Hollywood on April 24.[108] After Universal chairman Lew Wasserman attended one of the screenings, he ordered the film's initial release—planned for a massive total of as many as 900 theaters—to be cut down, declaring, "I want this picture to run all summer long. I don't want people in Palm Springs to see the picture in Palm Springs. I want them to have to get in their cars and drive to see it in Hollywood."[109] Nonetheless, the several hundred theaters that were still booked for the opening represented what was then an unusually wide release. At the time, wide openings were associated with movies of doubtful quality; not uncommon on the exploitation side of the industry, they were customarily employed to diminish the effect of negative reviews and word of mouth. There had been some recent exceptions, including the rerelease of Billy Jack and the original release of its sequel The Trial of Billy Jack, the Dirty Harry sequel Magnum Force, and the latest installments in the James Bond series.[110][111] Still, the typical major studio film release at the time involved opening at a few big-city theaters, which allowed for a series of premieres. Distributors would then slowly forward prints to additional locales across the country, capitalizing on any positive critical or audience response. The outsized success of The Godfather in 1972 had sparked a trend toward wider releases, but even that film had debuted in just five theaters, before going wide in its second weekend.[112]

text: On June 20, Jaws opened across North America on 464 screens—409 in the United States, the remainder in Canada.[113] The coupling of this broad distribution pattern with the movie's then even rarer national television marketing campaign yielded a release method virtually unheard-of at the time.[114] (A month earlier, Columbia Pictures had done something similar with a Charles Bronson thriller, Breakout, though that film's prospects for an extended run were much slimmer.)[115][116] Universal president Sid Sheinberg reasoned that nationwide marketing costs would be amortized at a more favorable rate per print relative to a slow, scaled release.[114][117][118] Building on the film's success, the release was subsequently expanded on July 25 to nearly 700 theaters, and on August 15 to more than 950.[119] Overseas distribution followed the same pattern, with intensive television campaigns and wide releases—in Great Britain, for instance, Jaws opened in December at more than 100 theaters.[120]

text: For its fortieth anniversary, the film was released in selected theaters (across approximately 500 theaters) in the United States on Sunday, June 21 and Wednesday, June 24, 2015.[121][122]

text: Reception[edit]

text: Box office performance[edit]

text: Jaws opened with a $7 million weekend[123] and recouped its production costs in two weeks.[124] In just 78 days, it overtook The Godfather as the highest-grossing film at the North American box office,[112] sailing past that picture's earnings of $86 million[125] to become the first film to earn $100 million in US theatrical rentals.[126] Its initial release ultimately brought in $123.1 million in rentals.[124] Theatrical re-releases in 1976 and 1979 brought its total rentals to $133.4 million.[125]

text: The picture entered overseas release in December 1975,[127] and its international business mirrored its domestic performance. It broke records in Singapore,[128] New Zealand, Japan,[129] Spain,[130] and Mexico.[131] By 1977, Jaws was the highest-grossing international release with worldwide rentals of $193 million, equating to about $400 million of gross revenue;[132] it supplanted The Godfather, which had earned $145 million in rentals.[133]

text: Jaws was the highest-grossing film of all time until Star Wars, which debuted two years later. Star Wars surpassed Jaws for the U.S. record six months after its release and set a new global record in 1978.[134][135] As of June 2013, it is the 127th-highest-grossing film of all time with $470.7 million worldwide,[136] and the 66th highest domestically with a total North American gross of $260 million.[123] Adjusted for inflation, Jaws has earned almost $2 billion worldwide at 2011 prices and is the second most successful franchise film after Star Wars.[137] In North America, it is the seventh-highest-grossing movie of all time, with a total of $1.017 billion at current prices,[138] based on an estimated 128,078,800 tickets sold.[139] In the United Kingdom, it is the seventh-highest-grossing film to be released since 1975, earning the equivalent of over £70 million in 2009/10 currency,[140] with admissions estimated at 16.2 million.[141] Jaws has also sold 13 million tickets in Brazil, the second-highest attendance ever in the country behind Titanic.[142]

text: On television, the American Broadcasting Company aired it for the first time right after its 1979 re-release.[143] The first U.S. broadcast attracted 57 percent of the total audience, the second highest televised movie share at the time behind Gone with the Wind.[144] In the United Kingdom, 23 million people watched its inaugural broadcast in October 1981, the second biggest TV audience ever for a feature film behind Live and Let Die.[145]

text: Critical response[edit]

text: Jaws received mostly positive reviews upon release.[146][147] Roger Ebert of the Chicago Sun-Times called it "a sensationally effective action picture, a scary thriller that works all the better because it's populated with characters that have been developed into human beings".[148] Variety's A. D. Murphy praised Spielberg's directorial skills, and called Robert Shaw's performance "absolutely magnificent".[149] According to The New Yorker's Pauline Kael, it was "the most cheerfully perverse scare movie ever made ... [with] more zest than an early Woody Allen picture, a lot more electricity, [and] it's funny in a Woody Allen sort of way".[150] For New Times magazine, Frank Rich wrote, "Spielberg is blessed with a talent that is absurdly absent from most American filmmakers these days: this man actually knows how to tell a story on screen. ... It speaks well of this director's gifts that some of the most frightening sequences in Jaws are those where we don't even see the shark."[151] Writing for New York magazine, Judith Crist described the film as "an exhilarating adventure entertainment of the highest order" and complimented its acting and "extraordinary technical achievements".[152] Rex Reed praised the "nerve-frying" action scenes and concluded that "for the most part, Jaws is a gripping horror film that works beautifully in every department".[153]

text: The film was not without its detractors. Vincent Canby of The New York Times wrote, "It's a measure of how the film operates that not once do we feel particular sympathy for any of the shark's victims. ... In the best films, characters are revealed in terms of the action. In movies like Jaws, characters are simply functions of the action ... like stage hands who move props around and deliver information when it's necessary". He did, however, describe it as "the sort of nonsense that can be a good deal of fun".[154] Los Angeles Times critic Charles Champlin disagreed with the film's PG rating, saying that "Jaws is too gruesome for children, and likely to turn the stomach of the impressionable at any age. ... It is a coarse-grained and exploitative work which depends on excess for its impact. Ashore it is a bore, awkwardly staged and lumpily written."[155] Marcia Magill of Films in Review said that while Jaws "is eminently worth seeing for its second half", she felt that before the protagonists' pursuit of the shark the film was "often flawed by its busyness".[156] William S. Pechter of Commentary described Jaws as "a mind-numbing repast for sense-sated gluttons" and "filmmaking of this essentially manipulative sort"; Molly Haskell of The Village Voice similarly characterized it as a "scare machine that works with computer-like precision. ... You feel like a rat, being given shock therapy".[151] The most frequently criticized aspect of the film has been the artificiality of its mechanical antagonist: Magill declared that "the programmed shark has one truly phony close-up",[156] and in 2002, online reviewer James Berardinelli said that if not for Spielberg's deftly suspenseful direction, "we would be doubled over with laughter at the cheesiness of the animatronic creature."[77] Halliwell's Film Guide stated that "despite genuinely suspenseful and frightening sequences, it is a slackly narrated and sometimes flatly handled thriller with an over-abundance of dialogue and, when it finally appears, a pretty unconvincing monster."[157]

text: Accolades[edit]

text: Jaws won three Academy Awards for Best Film Editing, Best Original Dramatic Score, and Best Sound (Robert Hoyt, Roger Heman, Earl Madery and John Carter).[70][158] It was also nominated for Best Picture, losing to One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest.[159] Spielberg greatly resented the fact that he was not nominated for Best Director.[151] Along with the Oscar, John Williams's score won the Grammy Award,[160] the BAFTA Award for Best Film Music,[161] and the Golden Globe Award.[162] To her Academy Award, Verna Fields added the American Cinema Editors' Eddie Award for Best Edited Feature Film.[163]

text: Jaws was chosen Favorite Movie at the People's Choice Awards.[164] It was also nominated for best Film, Director, Actor (Richard Dreyfuss), Editing, and Sound at the 29th British Academy Film Awards,[161] and Best Film—Drama, Director, and Screenplay at the 33rd Golden Globe Awards.[162] Spielberg was nominated by the Directors Guild of America for a DGA Award,[165] and the Writers Guild of America nominated Peter Benchley and Carl Gottlieb's script for Best Adapted Drama.[166]

text: In the years since its release, Jaws has frequently been cited by film critics and industry professionals as one of the greatest movies of all time.[167] It was number 48 on American Film Institute's 100 Years... 100 Movies, a list of the greatest American films of all time compiled in 1998; it dropped to number 56 on the 10 Year Anniversary list.[168][169] AFI also ranked the shark at number 18 on its list of the 50 Best Villains,[170] Roy Scheider's line "You're gonna need a bigger boat" 35th on a list of top 100 movie quotes,[171] Williams's score at sixth on a list of 100 Years of Film Scores,[71] and the film as second on a list of 100 most thrilling films, behind only Psycho.[172] In 2003, The New York Times included the film on its list of the best 1,000 movies ever made.[173] The following year, Jaws placed at the top of the Bravo network's five-hour miniseries The 100 Scariest Movie Moments.[174] The Chicago Film Critics Association named it the sixth scariest film ever made in 2006.[175] In 2008, Jaws was ranked the fifth greatest film in history by Empire magazine,[176] which also placed Quint at number 50 on its list of the 100 Greatest Movie Characters of All Time.[177] The film has been cited in many other lists of 50 and 100 greatest films, including ones compiled by Leonard Maltin,[178] Entertainment Weekly,[179] Film4,[180] Rolling Stone,[181] Total Film,[182] TV Guide,[183] and Vanity Fair.[184]

text: In 2001, the United States Library of Congress selected it for preservation in the National Film Registry as a "culturally significant" motion picture.[185] In 2006, its screenplay was ranked the 63rd best of all time by the Writers Guild of America.[186] In 2012, the Motion Picture Editors Guild listed the film as the eighth best-edited film of all time based on a survey of its membership.[187]

text: Legacy[edit]

text: Jaws was key in establishing the benefits of a wide national release backed by heavy television advertising, rather than the traditional progressive release in which a film slowly entered new markets and built support over time.[100][112] Saturation booking, in which a film opens simultaneously at thousands of cinemas, and massive media buys are now commonplace for the major Hollywood studios.[188] According to Peter Biskind, Jaws "diminish[ed] the importance of print reviews, making it virtually impossible for a film to build slowly, finding its audience by dint of mere quality. ... Moreover, Jaws whet corporate appetites for big profits quickly, which is to say, studios wanted every film to be Jaws."[189] Scholar Thomas Schatz writes that it "recalibrated the profit potential of the Hollywood hit, and redefined its status as a marketable commodity and cultural phenomenon as well. The film brought an emphatic end to Hollywood's five-year recession, while ushering in an era of high-cost, high-tech, high-speed thrillers."[190]

text: Jaws also played a major part in establishing summer as the prime season for the release of studios' biggest box-office contenders, their intended blockbusters;[112][191] winter had long been the time when most hoped-for hits were distributed, while summer was largely reserved for dumping films thought likely to be poor performers.[190] Jaws and Star Wars are regarded as marking the beginning of the new U.S. film industry business model dominated by "high-concept" pictures—with premises that can be easily described and marketed—as well as the beginning of the end of the New Hollywood period, which saw auteur films increasingly disregarded in favor of profitable big-budget pictures.[112][192] The New Hollywood era was defined by the relative autonomy filmmakers were able to attain within the major studio system; in Biskind's description, "Spielberg was the Trojan horse through which the studios began to reassert their power."[189]

text: The film had broader cultural repercussions, as well. Similar to the way the pivotal scene in 1960's Psycho made showers a new source of anxiety, Jaws led many viewers to fear going into the ocean.[193][194][195] Reduced beach attendance in 1975 was attributed to it,[196] as well as an increased number of reported shark sightings.[197] It is still seen as responsible for perpetuating negative stereotypes about sharks and their behavior,[198] and for producing the so-called "Jaws effect", which allegedly inspired "legions of fishermen [who] piled into boats and killed thousands of the ocean predators in shark-fishing tournaments."[199] Benchley stated that he would not have written the original novel had he known what sharks are really like in the wild.[200] Conservation groups have bemoaned the fact that the film has made it considerably harder to convince the public that sharks should be protected.[201]

text: Jaws set the template for many subsequent horror films, to the extent that the script for Ridley Scott's 1979 science fiction film Alien was pitched to studio executives as "Jaws in space".[202][203] Scott would later reveal in a 2017 interview that Jaws had made a lasting impression, "I was always put off from swimming ever since I watched Jaws," says Scott. "I quite liked swimming, actually, and I'd occasionally dive, but once I saw Jaws there was no way I was ever going to learn to surf – no way! Because I can imagine my legs, my little pinkies hanging underneath the surfboard and I know I'm going to be the one."[204]

text: Many films based on man-eating animals, usually aquatic, were released through the 1970s and 1980s, such as Orca, Grizzly, Mako: The Jaws of Death, Barracuda, Alligator, Day of the Animals, Tintorera, Eaten Alive, and the 1996 Bollywood film Aatank. Spielberg declared Piranha, directed by Joe Dante and written by John Sayles, "the best of the Jaws ripoffs".[159] Among the various foreign mockbusters based on Jaws, three came from Italy: Great White,[205] which inspired a plagiarism lawsuit by Universal and was even marketed in some countries as a part of the Jaws franchise;[206] Monster Shark,[205] featured in Mystery Science Theater 3000 under the title Devil Fish;[207] and Deep Blood, that blends in a supernatural element.[208] The 1995 thriller film Cruel Jaws even has the alternate title Jaws 5: Cruel Jaws,[209] and the 2009 Japanese horror film Psycho Shark was released in the United States as Jaws in Japan.[210]

text: Richard Dreyfuss made a cameo appearance in the 2010 film Piranha 3D, a loose remake of the 1978 film. Dreyfuss plays Matt Boyd, a fisherman who is the first victim of the title creatures. Dreyfuss later stated that his character was a parody and a near-reincarnation of Matt Hooper, his character in Jaws.[211] During his appearance, Dreyfuss's character listens to the song "Show Me the Way to Go Home" on the radio, which Hooper, Quint and Brody sing together aboard the Orca.

text: Martha's Vineyard celebrated the film's 30th anniversary in 2005 with a "JawsFest" festival,[212] which had a second edition in 2012.[213] An independent group of fans produced the feature-length documentary The Shark is Still Working, featuring interviews with the film's cast and crew. Narrated by Roy Scheider and dedicated to Peter Benchley, who died in 2006, it debuted at the 2009 Los Angeles United Film Festival.[214][215]

text: Home video releases[edit]

text: The first ever LaserDisc title marketed in North America was the MCA DiscoVision release of Jaws in 1978.[216] A second LaserDisc was released in 1992,[217] before a third and final version came out under MCA/Universal Home Video's Signature Collection imprint in 1995. This release was an elaborate boxset that included deleted scenes and outtakes, a new two-hour documentary on the making of the film directed and produced by Laurent Bouzereau, a copy of the novel Jaws, and a CD of John Williams's soundtrack.[218]

text: MCA Home Video first released Jaws on VHS in 1980.[219][220] For the film's 20th anniversary in 1995, MCA Universal Home Video issued a new Collector's Edition tape featuring a making-of retrospective.[221] This release sold 800,000 units in North America.[222] Another, final VHS release, marking the film's 25th anniversary in 2000, came with a companion tape containing a documentary, deleted scenes, outtakes, and a trailer.[223]

text: Jaws was first released on DVD in 2000 for the film's 25th anniversary, accompanied by a massive publicity campaign.[222] It featured a 50-minute documentary on the making of the film (an edited version of the one featured on the 1995 LaserDisc release), with interviews with Spielberg, Scheider, Dreyfuss, Benchley, and other cast and crew members. Other extras included deleted scenes, outtakes, trailers, production photos, and storyboards.[224] The DVD shipped one million copies in just one month.[225] In June 2005, a 30th-anniversary edition was released at the JawsFest festival in Martha's Vineyard.[212] The new DVD had many extras seen in previous home video releases, including the full two-hour Bouzereau documentary, and a previously unavailable interview with Spielberg conducted on the set of Jaws in 1974.[226] On the second JawsFest in August 2012, the Blu-ray Disc of Jaws was released,[213] with over four hours of extras, including The Shark Is Still Working.[227] The Blu-ray release was part of the celebrations of Universal's 100th anniversary, and debuted at fourth place in the charts, with over 362,000 units sold.[228]

text: Sequels[edit]

text: Jaws spawned three sequels, none of which approached the success of the original. Their combined domestic grosses amount to barely half of the first film's.[229] In October 1975, Spielberg declared to a film festival audience that "making a sequel to anything is just a cheap carny trick".[159] Nonetheless, he did consider taking on the first sequel when its original director, John D. Hancock, was fired a few days into the shoot; ultimately, his obligations to Close Encounters of the Third Kind, which he was working on with Dreyfuss, made it impossible.[230] Jaws 2 (1978) was eventually directed by Jeannot Szwarc; Scheider, Gary, Hamilton, and Jeffrey Kramer all reprised their roles. It is generally regarded as the best of the sequels.[231] The next film, Jaws 3-D (1983), was directed by Joe Alves, who had served as art director and production designer, respectively, on the two preceding films.[232] Starring Dennis Quaid and Louis Gossett, Jr., it was released in the 3-D format, although the effect did not transfer to television or home video, where it was renamed Jaws 3.[233] Jaws: The Revenge (1987), directed by Joseph Sargent, starring Michael Caine, and featuring the return of Gary, is considered one of the worst movies ever made.[234][235] While all three sequels made a profit at the box office (Jaws 2 and Jaws 3-D were among the top 20 highest-grossing films of their respective years), critics and audiences alike were generally dissatisfied with the films.[236]

text: Adaptations and merchandise[edit]

text: The film has inspired two theme park rides: one at Universal Studios Florida,[237] which closed in January 2012,[238] and one at Universal Studios Japan.[239] There is also an animatronic version of a scene from the film on the Studio Tour at Universal Studios Hollywood.[240] There have been at least two musical adaptations: JAWS The Musical!, which premiered in 2004 at the Minnesota Fringe Festival, and Giant Killer Shark: The Musical, which premiered in 2006 at the Toronto Fringe Festival.[241] Three video games based on the film were released: 1987's Jaws, developed by LJN for the Nintendo Entertainment System;[242] 2006's Jaws Unleashed by Majesco Entertainment for the Xbox, PlayStation 2, and PC;[243] and 2011's Jaws: Ultimate Predator, also by Majesco, for the Nintendo 3DS and Wii.[244] A mobile game was released in 2010 for the iPhone.[245] Aristocrat made an officially licensed slot machine based on the movie.[246]


document_title: List of The Haves and the Have Nots episodes

question_text: when is the last episode of the haves and have nots

root

text: Series overview[edit]

tag: table

text: Episodes[edit]

text: Season 1 (2013)[edit]

text:
No.overallNo. inseasonTitleOriginal air dateUS viewers(millions)11"The Big Surprise"May 28, 2013 (2013-05-28)1.77[7]
The Cryer family has prepared a surprise 50th birthday celebration for Jim, but as he arrives, he is stunned when he sees that his latest mistress, Candace, has become friendly with his daughter Amanda and is partaking in the festivities.
22"Playing in the Deep End"May 28, 2013 (2013-05-28)1.81[7]
Jim has repeatedly requested that Candace leave the family's home, but she continues to disobey him by staying with Amanda.
33"Beautifully Dysfunctional"June 4, 2013 (2013-06-04)1.47[8]
Candace commits some mischievous acts that put Jim's career in jeopardy.
44"Entering the Race"June 11, 2013 (2013-06-11)1.31[9]
After Jim announces that he plans to run for Governor, Candace holds the affair against Jim and threatens to reveal the news to the media. Hanna is shocked when she discovers an eviction notice on her door.
55"A Woman's Pride"June 18, 2013 (2013-06-18)1.32[10]
After her eviction, Hanna goes to Benny with questions regarding possibly adjusting the mortgage on her home.
66"Angry Sex"June 25, 2013 (2013-06-25)1.82[11]
Jim falls into Candace's vindictive trap once again and David is irked by the fact that Jim is unable to control himself.
77"A True Friend"July 2, 2013 (2013-07-02)1.54[12]
Amanda has Wyatt and Jeffrey assist her with the move into her new apartment while Hanna is set up on a blind date by Benny.
88"The Criminal"July 9, 2013 (2013-07-09)1.56[13]
Benny prepares for his date by asking to borrow a car, but is arrested and charged with drug possession after falling trap to someone's malicious intent. Amanda seduces her law professor to raise her grade.
99"The Set Up"July 16, 2013 (2013-07-16)1.61[14]
Katheryn ends up bonding with Hanna over their issues.
1010"Number Nine"July 23, 2013 (2013-07-23)1.80[15]
Katheryn shames Candace directly after Jim reveals his affair.
1111"Not My Daughter"July 30, 2013 (2013-07-30)1.87[16]
Katheryn tells everyone that she is leaving for vacation, but that turns out to be false.
1212"In Recovery"August 6, 2013 (2013-08-06)2.02[17]
Jim and Candace end up in a verbal and physical altercation.
1313"What Are You Doing Here?"August 13, 2013 (2013-08-13)2.14[18]
Information is discovered by a detective that links Benny and Tony. Veronica continues to work toward answers for Benny's case.
1414"My Name Is Veronica"August 20, 2013 (2013-08-20)2.05[19]
Katheryn gets nervous when her secret almost goes public.
1515"The Truth Will Set You Free"August 27, 2013 (2013-08-27)2.32[20]
After her secret is revealed, Katheryn tells everyone what she really knows about Jim's secret activities. Jeffrey finally discloses his love for Wyatt.
1616"No More Hiding"September 3, 2013 (2013-09-03)2.61[21]
Jeffery comes out to his parents; Hanna discloses information to Benny about Tony being his father; Amanda learns about her inheritance; and Wyatt relapses and has a life-changing accident.

text: Season 2 (2014)[edit]

text: The fifth episode in Season 2 of The Haves and the Have Nots, "Why Didn't You Tell Me?" was not only a series high episode in ratings, but the most watched television program in all of cable for the night.[22] The episode brought in 3.4 million viewers.[23] Among all OWN programming since the network's January 2011 debut, only a March 2012 Oprah's Next Chapter interview with Bobbi Kristina has drawn more viewers (3.5 million) than the February-4-2014 episode of The Haves and the Have Nots.[22] On Tuesday, March 11, 2014, however, a season 2 episode of The Haves and the Have Nots—following a hiatus within the season—set a record for all of OWN programming, scoring the highest ratings in the station's history. The record-breaking episode brought in 3.6 million viewers.[24] Additionally, the episode came in at number 1 among all of cable television and number 4 among all shows on television for its airing night.[23]

tag: p

text:
Season 2 episodesNo.overallNo. inseasonTitleOriginal air dateUS viewers(millions)171"The Black Sedan"January 7, 2014 (2014-01-07)2.77[25]
Amanda is having second thoughts about asking for her inheritance. Inside, Katheryn and Jim are arguing about Wyatt's accident Hanna is trying to find out any information about Benny.
182"Wyatt's Nightmare"January 14, 2014 (2014-01-14)2.55[26]
Wyatt kills a little girl after a hit-and-run, and Benny ends up on life support. Jim is unsure of what to do next once his campaign begins to fall apart. Amanda has an emotional breakdown.
193"Family Issues"January 21, 2014 (2014-01-21)2.84[27]
Hanna disagrees with Tony's suggestion to take Benny off life support. Celine and Katheryn have a confrontation about the former's shabby treatment of Hanna.
204"Unanswered Calls"January 28, 2014 (2014-01-28)2.78[28]
Jeffrey comes to the conclusion that Wyatt is the one who's at fault for Benny's condition and Lizzie's death.
215"Why Didn't You Tell Me?"February 4, 2014 (2014-02-04)3.50[29]
Candace talks with Jim to have Benny relocated to a private hospital.
226"Protecting Wyatt"February 11, 2014 (2014-02-11)3.01[30]
Jim does everything in his power to keep Wyatt from going to jail. Tony confronts Hanna and serves her with court papers.
237"Amanda's Revenge"February 18, 2014 (2014-02-18)3.21[31]
Amanda breaks into her professor's home while his family is asleep. Candace is chosen by Hanna to represent her in court.
248"Maggie's Plan"February 25, 2014 (2014-02-25)2.88[32]
As Jim gets ready to announce his campaign for Governor, Wyatt's behavior and warnings from Candace becomes too much to handle.
259"March for Justice"March 4, 2014 (2014-03-04)3.04[33]
The judge makes a decision and sides with Tony. Hanna begs Tony on her knees to keep Benny on life support.
2610"Starting the Race"March 11, 2014 (2014-03-11)3.59[34]
Candace tries once again to blackmail Jim and David during their campaign event. Wyatt finally gets arrested.
2711"You'll Be Sorry"May 27, 2014 (2014-05-27)3.11[35]
Wyatt is arrested. Candace is kidnapped by the Malones. Benny shows signs of brain activity.
2812"The Confession"June 3, 2014 (2014-06-03)2.62[36]
Jim conspires to save his son. Amanda gets a gun. Benny improves.
2913"Donald"June 10, 2014 (2014-06-10)2.42[37]
Jim proclaims his son's innocence. Quincy pays Hanna a surprise visit in search of Candace.
3014"The Awakening"June 17, 2014 (2014-06-17)2.81[38]
Benny wakes up from his coma.
3115"The Vulnerable"June 24, 2014 (2014-06-24)2.92[39]
Benny prepares for his release from the hospital. Hanna plans to testify against Wyatt. Maggie tries to seduce David.
3216"The Sarandon Hotel"July 1, 2014 (2014-07-01)3.47[40]
After escaping her kidnappers, Candace asks Warlock for help. Jeffrey is seduced by Melissa.
3317"Again and Again"July 8, 2014 (2014-07-08)3.32[41]
David is compromised. Jim is plotting. Candace is panicking.
3418"Something's Wrong With Amanda"July 15, 2014 (2014-07-15)3.26[42]
Amanda leaves the Cryer estate with Quincy. Candace hides out at Jeffrey's apartment. Katheryn and Celine get into another confrontation. Benny has conversation with Tony and later tries to restore peace between Hanna and Candace.
3519"Norman Hewens"July 22, 2014 (2014-07-22)2.86[43]
A news report claiming that another person is responsible for the hit-and-run saves Wyatt from jail. Katheryn berates Jim about his evil deeds. Hanna attempts to apologize to Jim for her hand in the tragedy, but he won't have it and orders her off his property; however, Katheryn has a tearful and beautiful reunion with her best friend, and offers Hanna her job back and to begin after Benny is settled in. Katheryn then tells Jim off about his attitude towards Hanna and orders him to keep Celine under control or else.
3620"Checkmate"July 29, 2014 (2014-07-29)3.49[44]
Jim is confronted by Carlos, his illegitimate son with Celine. Katheryn's celebratory dinner party goes awry when Quincy, Candace's ex, shows up as Amanda's date. David and Veronica continue to battle over the fact that Jeffrey is gay. Candace seeks her revenge on Jim. Maggie makes another attempt to sleep with David.

text: Season 3 (2015)[edit]

text:
No.overallNo. inseasonTitleOriginal air dateUS viewers(millions)371"The Power Dance"January 6, 2015 (2015-01-06)3.22[45]
Hanna hosts a party for Benny upon his homecoming from the hospital. Jim is being held hostage by Warlock under Candace's orders.
382"The War Room"January 13, 2015 (2015-01-13)2.91[46]
Hanna seeks information about Quincy's mother so she can get one step closer to finding her grandson. Maggie continues her pursuit of David.
393"A Southern Brawl"January 20, 2015 (2015-01-20)2.60[47]
Veronica and Maggie have an outraged fight after Veronica catches David in Maggie's hotel room. Wyatt gives Celine a taste of reality and he finds out a about his brother Carlos.
404"Amanda's Room"January 27, 2015 (2015-01-27)2.98[48]
Jim gives up and finally gives in to Candace's demands.
415"The Press Conference"February 3, 2015 (2015-02-03)2.89[49]
Everyone prepares for Jim's announcement for Governor but he is nowhere to be found other than still being held against his will by Candace. Katheryn gets some devastating news.
426"A Tragic Day"February 10, 2015 (2015-02-10)3.42[50]
Everyone else is assembled at the Cryer mansion during a family tragedy.
437"April 7, 1979"February 17, 2015 (2015-02-17)3.22[51]
Katheryn tells the story of how she first met Jim.
448"In Crisis"February 24, 2015 (2015-02-24)3.28[52]
Emotions and rage get the best of Jim and Wyatt. Katheryn and David try to tell Veronica how wrong she is about Jeffery.
459"A Talk with Jim"March 3, 2015 (2015-03-03)2.90[53]
Benny is convinced that Candace has changed her ways. Hanna comforts Katheryn.
4610"Oscar"March 10, 2015 (2015-03-10)3.02[54]
Hanna comforts Jim after Amanda's death. Candace meets a new guy.
4711"Unglued"March 17, 2015 (2015-03-17)3.02[55]
David is angry at Veronica for telling Quincy to beat up Jeffrey and Veronica spirals out of control, especially since she thinks that Maggie is trying to steal David away form her.
4812"Enough is Enough"March 24, 2015 (2015-03-24)3.50[56]
Benny searches for Quincy after he shows up at Hanna's home.
4913"Two Funerals"June 30, 2015 (2015-06-30)3.29[57]
Veronica starts a fire that destroys her mansion and almost claims David's life.
5014"In Memoriam"July 7, 2015 (2015-07-07)2.79[58]
The Cryer family prepares for Amanda's funeral. Wyatt's confession to D.A. Sallison sparks controversy.
5115"Nine Lives"July 14, 2015 (2015-07-14)3.17[59]
Hanna finds out that Jim and Katheryn were holding Candace hostage.
5216"The Cougar"July 21, 2015 (2015-07-21)2.85[60]
Hanna covers for Benny after she discovers him in bed with Veronica.
5317"Candace Young, Esq."July 28, 2015 (2015-07-28)3.01[61]
Candace shows Benny where she works.
5418"Benny Does Battle"August 4, 2015 (2015-08-04)3.17[62]
Quincy is hurt from the accident involving Benny.
5519"Quincy Jr."August 11, 2015 (2015-08-11)3.12[63]
Hanna is reunited with Q.
5620"A Home For Q"August 18, 2015 (2015-08-18)3.06[65]
Candace learns that Hanna is seeking custody of Q; and the Cryers and Harringtons try to convince the D.A. that Wyatt's taped confession is a misunderstanding.[64]
5721"Candace's Closing"August 25, 2015 (2015-08-25)3.19[66]
Candace buys property with the money she extorted from Jim; and Jim is interviewed on TV.
5822"Dianna Winchill"September 1, 2015 (2015-09-01)3.23[67]
While Jim is being interviewed by Dianna Winchill, a surprise guest arrives. Veronica tells Jim that she had planned Wyatt's attack in prison, leading Jim to attack her and later put a hit on her, Professor Cannon, and Prison Guard Terrell by calling three hitmen and ordering a "bloodbath."
5923"Vetted"September 8, 2015 (2015-09-08)3.28[68]
Hanna grows suspicious of Benny's involvement with Veronica and how he acquired his new house; Quincy drives a car through Hanna's home in spite of revenge; Candace decides to let her guard down with Oscar.
6024"Sheep's Clothing"September 15, 2015 (2015-09-15)3.13[69]
Hanna becomes devastated when she learns that Quincy set her house on fire; Maggie tries to talk David into running for Governor; Jeffrey gives Wyatt the necessary ammunition to take his parents down.
6125"When The Chickens Come Home"September 22, 2015 (2015-09-22)3.71[70]
Hanna and Benny force Candace to tell the truth about everything. Oscar reveals his true colors to Candace.

text: Season 4 (2016)[edit]

text:
No.overallNo. inseasonTitleOriginal air dateUS viewers(millions)621"The Waters Run Deep"January 5, 2016 (2016-01-05)3.11[71]
Candace and Jeffrey disagree on what to do with Quincy's body when interrupted by a knock on the door. The Cryer and Harrington clan face repercussions.

Note: Actress Eva Tamargo who portrays Celine Gonzales leaves the main cast this season, although she is still featured in the opening sequence in the season 4 premiere.
632"Paid In Full"January 12, 2016 (2016-01-12)2.73[72]
Katheryn has had a lot of time for reflection while cooling her heels behind bars with Veronica. Candace and Jeffery get a visit from the police because of a nosy neighbor.
643"The Right Medicine"January 19, 2016 (2016-01-19)2.94[73]
Hanna discovers about her grandson's medical troubles. Katheryn is taken aback by the photo of Veronica in the arms of another man. Quincy wakes up and begs for Candace's help.
654"An Evil Soul"January 26, 2016 (2016-01-26)3.02[74]
Katheryn is unshaken by the DA's attempt to push. Candace's lies catch up with her when she receives a visit form Warlock.
665"Immunity"February 2, 2016 (2016-02-02)2.90[75]
Benny agrees to help Candace hide evidence in Quincy's murder.
676"Making Millions"February 9, 2016 (2016-02-09)2.81[76]
Quincy Jr. passes out on Hanna after getting really sick and is rushed to the hospital and placed in ICU. Candace finally learns that Wyatt hit Benny and goes up to Benny to talk to him about suing the Cryers.
687"A Front Row Seat"February 16, 2016 (2016-02-16)2.95[77]
Maggie's lie to David could cause her to lose him forever; Katheryn gets out of jail but she can't find anyone to help Jim or Veronica; Candace enlists Erica's help to plot for revenge.
698"Unexpected Visitors"February 23, 2016 (2016-02-23)3.07[78]
Candace interrogates the social worker; Hanna is steaking out at Cryer's mansion waiting for their return; Katheryn goes to visit David but little does she know that Wyatt is one step closer to getting his inheritance.
709"I Choose My Son"March 1, 2016 (2016-03-01)2.80[79]
Quita and Daylon break into Candace's house but are caught by Pearl, who calls her son Justin and his police squad to arrest them; Justin continues to harass Jeffery; Upon Wyatt's confession on hitting her son, Hanna confronts Katheryn.
7110"Beg For What You Need"March 8, 2016 (2016-03-08)2.64[80]
Candace puts a plan into action to save herself and Benny from War's rage. Katheryn pleads with Hanna to not end their friendship. Veronica handles the hired assassin hiding in her house in an unexpected manner.
7211"48 Hours"March 15, 2016 (2016-03-15)2.85[81]
Warlock has pushed up Candace's due date, so she goes to the bank to mortgage the houses and Benny's tow yard.
7312"My Friend Maggie"June 21, 2016 (2016-06-21)2.85[82]
Maggie visit's Veronica's home and gets the surprise of her life.
7413"Criminology 101"June 28, 2016 (2016-06-28)2.63[83]
Veronica treats David with much malice.
7514"Giving Candy To A Baby"July 5, 2016 (2016-07-05)2.70[84]
After talking with Pearl, Hanna hopes to gain custody of Quincy Jr.
7615"The Apple Tree"July 12, 2016 (2016-07-12)2.64[85]
Katheryn tries to process difficult news about one of her closest family members.
7716"The Heart of A Man"July 19, 2016 (2016-07-19)2.70[86]
Veronica and Jeffery go to visit Katheryn but Veronica pushes Jeffery to his limit.
7817"An Accident"July 26, 2016 (2016-07-26)3.05[87]
Jeffrey begins to implode so he calls Candace and Justin for help.
7918"A Tragic Assumption"August 2, 2016 (2016-08-02)3.02[88]
Jennifer arrives at Katheryn's house to tell her that Wyatt is alive.
8019"I Am Wolf"August 9, 2016 (2016-08-09)2.89[89]
Jim teams up with a former enemy in his scheme against Candace.
8120"Back In Business"August 16, 2016 (2016-08-16)2.93[90]
Mitch breaks up the fight between David and Benny; David gets some shocking information about Mitch.
8221"The Fugitive"August 23, 2016 (2016-08-23)2.95[91]
The police are on the look out for Hanna so they question Candace and Benny.
8322"The Silk Handkerchief"August 30, 2016 (2016-08-30)2.95[92]
Benny learns the truth of how Candace financed his property. Candace finally tells him the truth about War and how she got the money, and what Mitch did but he doesn't believe her.
8423"Promises Kept"September 6, 2016 (2016-09-06)3.24[93]
Katheryn explodes when she is pushed to the limit. Candace searches for Oscar. Benny finds out the truth about War by Mitch, who also reveals to Benny who he really is.

text: Season 5 (2017)[edit]

text:
No.overallNo. inseasonTitleOriginal air dateUS viewers(millions)851"A Cup of Tea"January 3, 2017 (2017-01-03)2.99[94]
Veronica tries to escape the Cryer mansion after the murder of D.A. Jennifer Sallison. Jeffery is still trying to get a hold of Candace, who is out on the search for Oscar. Benny is still upset because of how Candace mortgaged his house and the tow yard.
862"Waiting for Candace"January 10, 2017 (2017-01-10)2.16[95]
Veronica and Katheryn have a fight. Benny holds hope that Candace will come through with the money.
873"It's Ok to Love"January 17, 2017 (2017-01-17)2.68[96]
Veronica is still trying to escape Katheryn's house. Erica calls Candace to give her an update on things with David.
884"A Mother's Wisdom"January 24, 2017 (2017-01-24)2.36[97]
Veronica wants to meet with Candace and Jeffery. Jim returns home to help Katheryn clean up a mess she has created.
895"Brilliant Lawyers Lurking"January 31, 2017 (2017-01-31)2.70[98]
Veronica helps Candace and Jeffery out of a precarious predicament.
906"A Hurricane Offshore"February 7, 2017 (2017-02-07)2.75[99]
Veronica pays Erica a visit. Candace encounters Oscar again. Quita finds Wyatt's place and tells him that she's going to take his money.
917"Pieces of The Puzzle"February 14, 2017 (2017-02-14)2.58[100]
Veronica lets Jim know that if anything happens to her she has dirt on him. Hanna questions Benny and Candace about what they did to Quincy.
928"Praying for Light"February 21, 2017 (2017-02-21)2.76[101]
Veronica planted a camera in those flowers she delivered to Erica. Hanna does all she can to keep the peace in her family.
939"We All Need Forgiveness"February 28, 2017 (2017-02-28)2.33[102]
Veronica tells Justin to stay away from Jeffery. Candace makes Charles her latest Mark.
9410"Forget The Bubble"March 7, 2017 (2017-03-07)2.41[103]
Veronica is pushing Jeffery's buttons. Erica is caught sleeping with David by War.
9511"In Pursuit of Prey"March 14, 2017 (2017-03-14)3.20[104]
Veronica tries to seduce Benny. Warlock looks for Candace and Erica reveals her true colors. Mitch returns from jail. Katheryn leaves Jim. Wyatt checks himself into rehab of his own volition.
9612"The Fallout From War"June 20, 2017 (2017-06-20)2.68[105]
In the aftermath of the shootout it is revealed that Quincy Jr is dead. Veronica goes in a rage after Melissa attempts suicide in her bed.
9713"My Grandson's War"June 27, 2017 (2017-06-27)2.44[106]
Veronica and Katheryn came face-to-face. Katheryn was able to be the friend that Hanna needed in comfort; Mama Rose inflict a bit of fear into Jim.
9814"Mad Day"July 11, 2017 (2017-07-11)2.33[107]
Veronica intervened and proved her skills by representing Benny. Jim taunts Veronica. Hanna found herself at Katheryn's new rental home.
9915"A Woman Under the Stairs"July 18, 2017 (2017-07-18)2.43[108]
Veronica threatens to reveal Officer Justin's secret and accuses him of sexually harassing Jeffrey. David and Jim find their sons. Charles reveals to Candace who he really is.
10016"Railroad"July 25, 2017 (2017-07-25)2.43[109]
Veronica visits Melissa at the hospital. Katheryn helps Hanna deal with Benny's situation. Wyatt gets released from the hospital. Charles beats Candace at her own game.
10117"Elevator Seven"August 1, 2017 (2017-08-01)2.30[110]
Veronica confronts Erica and David on the elevator about their relationship. Landon tries to warn Charles about Candace. Jeffrey meets up with Landon.
10218"A Broken Mirror"August 8, 2017 (2017-08-08)2.33[111]
Veronica catches Officer Justin in Jeffrey's hotel room, and records Officer Justin. Jim is trying to find Warlock before Mamma Rose does.
10319"Haunted By The Surname"August 15, 2017 (2017-08-15)2.40[112]
Veronica is confronted by Officer Justin. Candace starts to see Erica for who she truly is. Candace gets some devastating news about her son, Quincy Jr.
10420"The Enemy Called Trust"August 22, 2017 (2017-08-22)2.52[113]
Veronica tells Landon to stay away her son. Jim is shocked to see that his house is on fire. Candace ask Mitch for a favor. Warlock gets caught in a deadly trap.
10521"Kate"August 29, 2017 (2017-08-29)2.64[114]
Veronica makes Melissa clean her blood out of her bed. Jim and Katheryn implode with emotion and Jim begs her for retribution.
10622"For The Team"September 5, 2017 (2017-09-05)2.61[115]
Veronica gives Jeffrey and Officer Justin an ultimatum. Candace and Benny are at odds with each other. David tells Jeffrey to stay away from Veronica.
10723"The Veronica Show"September 12, 2017 (2017-09-12)2.58[116]
The Young family are all at odds with each other during a visit to the funeral home. Veronica does something that puts Officer Justin at rage. Candace struggles with sorrow and the death of Quincy Jr. Jim confronts Candace at The Artesian Hotel.

text: Season 6 (2018)[edit]

text:
No.overallNo. inseasonTitleOriginal air dateUS viewers(millions)1081"Afraid of Flames"January 9, 2018 (2018-01-09)2.30[117]
In the Season 6 premiere, Hanna is in mourning after the deadly shooting of her grandson; Candace rejects Benny's pleas to help her; and Veronica and Melissa find themselves in a dangerous situation.
1092"Searching For A Mother's Love"January 16, 2018 (2018-01-16)2.34[118]
Benny and Mitch risk their lives to save victims of a horrific auto accident; and Justin professes his love and lust for Jeffery.
1103"Undercover Vice"January 23, 2018 (2018-01-23)2.25[119]
David learns of Jeffrey's whereabouts; Hanna and Benny confront Candace.
1114"The Lion"January 30, 2018 (2018-01-30)2.20[120]
Hanna reveals a deep, dark secret; David calls upon Katheryn for help with Jeffrey.
1125"Errand Boy"February 6, 2018 (2018-02-06)2.17[121]
Justin continues his pursuit of Jeffery; Candace and Benny fight to keep their strong sibling relationship.
1136"Hanna's Tea"February 13, 2018 (2018-02-13)2.24[122]
Veronica returns home after her stay in the hospital; Candace and Jeffrey's murder of Quincy catches up with them and are faced with some serious consequences; Katheryn shows her new home to Hanna, where she meets a new man.
1147"Every Six Months"February 20, 2018 (2018-02-20)2.24[123]
Candace gets released from jail while David fights to get Jeffrey out.
1158"Wicked"February 27, 2018 (2018-02-27)2.02[124]
Sarah and George make progress in prosecuting the Cryers; Veronica hatches up a scheme against David.
1169"An Eye For An Eye"March 6, 2018 (2018-03-06)2.03[125]
David confronts Hanna about Benny and Jeffery; Charles is determined to see Candace; Veronica learns that Melissa has been drinking while pregnant; Hanna learns of Benny's recent encounter with Veronica; Katheryn confronts Jim about Jennifer Sallison; Wyatt learns about Jeffery being in jail.
11710"A Lover's Passions"March 13, 2018 (2018-03-13)2.08[126]
Candace works on a new plan to recoup her money from the Cryers; Veronica is preoccupied by an all-consuming desire for revenge; Hanna gets ready for her date with Derrick.
11811"Veronica's House"May 1, 2018 (2018-05-01)1.55[127]
Veronica finds out that David moved Erica into her dream home and also lets David know that she is the only queen in the world to reclaim her kingdom; Candace reverts to her old ways by drugging Oscar's drink in order to get her money back; Veronica and Justin have another confrontation; Hanna goes out on her date with Derrick; Melissa seduces Benny again; and Wyatt has a major relapse that spirals out of control.
11912"In His Eyes"May 8, 2018 (2018-05-08)1.74[128]
After Veronica catches Benny with Melissa in her house the two get into a fight, forcing Veronica to throw Melissa out, leaving her with no place to go. This prompts Benny to let Melissa stay with him; Hanna encounters singer Stephanie Mills on her date; Wyatt is forced to make a life-threatening decision; Candace enacts her new money scheme like a boss; Jim and Katheryn come to a revelation about their bad parenting skills; Justin tries to make Jeffery jealous; and Candace panics when Oscar won't wake up after finding him totally unconscious.
12013"The Right Cocktail"May 15, 2018 (2018-05-15)1.72[129]
After Candace revives Oscar, she reminds him of her getting her money back; Veronica makes Jeffery an unexpected offer; Wyatt's situation lands him in hot water; Candace decided to drop Gia after learning her money deposit is processing; Hanna gives Melissa advice regarding her and the baby; Veronica schemes to get back at Benny; and Hanna returns to work.
12114"The Rabbit and the Water Moccasin"May 22, 2018 (2018-05-22)1.79[130]
Wyatt learns the advantage and disadvantage of drug use.
12215"The Third Quarter"May 29, 2018 (2018-05-29)1.90[131]
Benny wants to return the money to the Malones but discovers it's not that simple.
12316"No Honor In This Game"June 5, 2018 (2018-06-05)1.81[132]
Katheryn learns that Wyatt's anger for her comes from deep childhood scars.
12417"The Broken Washer"June 12, 2018 (2018-06-12)1.80[133]
Veronica and Candace scheme up a plan to hurt David.
12518"Sugar Mamma"June 19, 2018 (2018-06-19)1.92[134]
Officer Justin shows Jeffery just how serious he is about being with him.
12619"Team of Rivals"June 26, 2018 (2018-06-26)1.95[135]
David is pushed to a point by Veronica that he didn't know he had.
12720"Smitten"July 3, 2018 (2018-07-03)1.65[136]
Charles learns that Landon may have ulterior motives.
12821"Moles"July 10, 2018 (2018-07-10)1.95[137]
Benny's arrest forces Candace to return to her old tricks to make some quick cash to leave town.
12922"Til Death Do Us Part"July 17, 2018 (2018-07-17)2.21[138]
Candace and Jim are up to their old tricks; people are caught in the crossfire of Veronica's wicked plots and intimidations.
13023"The Road to Hell"August 14, 2018 (2018-08-14)1.92[139]
After being pushed to the limit Veronica finally gets her revenge.
13124"The Black Dress"August 21, 2018 (2018-08-21)1.90[140]
David learns Erica's fate while being rushed to the hospital; the truth about Mitch's uncle comes out, and the Malones now have a new target.
13225"A Father's Regret"August 28, 2018 (2018-08-28)2.06[141]
An explosion in this small town sets more on fire than just a car.
13326"The Damned Defibrillator"September 4, 2018 (2018-09-04)1.84[142]
While David remains in the hospital, Veronica gets a surprising shock of her own.
13427"Laugh Not To Cry"September 11, 2018 (2018-09-11)2.11[143]
Veronica convinces RK to do some of her dirty work.
13528"Stronger Together"October 2, 2018 (2018-10-02)1.65[144]
Candace's plans begins to unravel as Benny learns of what she did to Hanna.
13629"The Black Man...."October 9, 2018 (2018-10-09)1.78[145]
Jim tries to save Wyatt from jail, and Jeffrey deals with an unexpected guest.
13730"Three's a Crowd"October 16, 2018 (2018-10-16)1.72[146]
Candace comes face-to-face with Katheryn Cryer.
13831"The Chosen"October 23, 2018 (2018-10-23)1.73[147]
Charles, the future president of the United States is back and chooses Candace.
13932"The Committee"October 30, 2018 (2018-10-30)TBD
Jeffery's scare with David brings him closer to Nurse Madison as the FBI gets one step closer to Veronica's wicked trail.
14033"Exhausted"November 6, 2018 (2018-11-06)TBD
Jim thinks that he's holding of all of the cards, but there is a ticking time bomb coming his way.


document_title: The Sims Mobile

question_text: when is the sims mobile coming out uk

question_tokens: when is the sims mobile coming out uk

text: The Sims Mobile

text:
The Sims Mobile

Developer(s)
Maxis
EA Mobile

Publisher(s)
Electronic Arts

Series
The Sims

Platform(s)
iOS, Android

Release
November 6th 2017

Genre(s)
life simulation game

text: The Sims Mobile is a life simulation game based off from The Sims 4 and The Sims FreePlay set for release on Android and iOS devices. It was announced on May 9, 2017 in a launch trailer.[1] It is to feature multiplayer capabilities and will also include story elements.[2][3]

text: The game is currently available in Brazil[4] and Spain.[5] There will be a worldwide release expected November 21, 2017