document_title: Seattle Mariners

question_text: which major league baseball team did nintendo become majority owner of in 1992

text: Seattle Mariners

text: History[edit]

text: The Mariners were created as a result of a lawsuit. In 1970, in the aftermath of the Seattle Pilots' purchase and relocation to Milwaukee as the Milwaukee Brewers by Bud Selig, the city of Seattle, King County, and the state of Washington (represented by then-state attorney general Slade Gorton) sued the American League for breach of contract.[6] Confident that Major League Baseball would return to Seattle within a few years, King County built the multi-purpose Kingdome, which would become home to the National Football League is expansion Seattle Seahawks in 1976. The name "Mariners" was chosen by club officials in August 1976 from over 600 names submitted by 15,000 entrants in a name-the-team contest.[7]

text: The Mariners played their first game on April 6, 1977, to a sold-out crowd of 57,762 at the Kingdome, losing 7–0 to the California Angels.[8] The first home run in team history was hit on April 10, 1977, by designated hitter Juan Bernhardt.[9] That year, star pitcher Diego Seguí, in his last major league season, became the only player to play for both the Pilots and the Mariners. The Mariners finished with a 64–98 record, echoing the record the 1969 Pilots once held. In 1979, Seattle hosted the 50th Major League Baseball All-Star Game. After the 1981 season, the Mariners were sold to California businessman George Argyros, who in turn sold the team to Jeff Smulyan in 1989, and then to Nintendo of America in 1992.

text: During the 1992–93 offseason, the Mariners hired manager Lou Piniella, who had led the Cincinnati Reds to victory in the 1990 World Series. Mariner fans embraced Piniella,[10] and he would helm the team from 1993 through 2002, winning two American League Manager of the Year Awards along the way.

text: The 2001 Mariners club finished with a record of 116-46, leading all of Major League Baseball in winning percentage for the duration of the season and easily winning the American League West division championship. In doing so, the team broke the 1998 Yankees American League single-season record of 114 wins and matched the all-time MLB single-season record for wins set by the 1906 Chicago Cubs. At the end of the season, Ichiro Suzuki won the AL MVP, AL Rookie of the Year, and one of three outfield Gold Glove Awards, becoming the first player since the 1975 Boston Red Sox's Fred Lynn to win all three in the same season.

text: On October 22, 2008 the Mariners announced the hiring of Jack Zduriencik, formerly scouting director of the Milwaukee Brewers, as their general manager.[11] Weeks later, on November 18, the team named Oakland Athletics bench coach Don Wakamatsu as its new field manager. Wakamatsu and Zduriencik hired an entirely new coaching staff for 2009, which included former World Series MVP John Wetteland as bullpen coach. The off-season also saw a litany of roster moves, headlined by a 12-player, 3-team trade that included sending All-Star closer J. J. Putz to the New York Mets and brought 5 players—including prospect Mike Carp and outfielder Endy Chávez from New York and outfielder Franklin Gutiérrez from the Cleveland Indians—to Seattle. Many of the moves, like the free agent signing of Mike Sweeney, were made in part with the hope of squelching the clubhouse infighting that plagued the Mariners in 2008. It also saw the return of Seattle favorite Griffey Jr. The 2009–10 offseason was highlighted by the trade for 2008 American League Cy Young Award winner Cliff Lee from the Philadelphia Phillies, the signing of third baseman Chone Figgins and the contract extension of star pitcher "King" Félix Hernández.

text: Griffey Jr. announced his retirement on June 2, 2010, after 22 MLB seasons.[12]

text: The Mariners fired field manager Don Wakamatsu along with bench coach Ty Van Burkleo, pitching coach Rick Adair and performance coach Steve Hecht on August 9, 2010. Daren Brown, the manager of the AAA affiliate Tacoma Rainiers, took over as interim field manager. Roger Hansen, the former Minor League catching coordinator, was promoted to bench coach. Carl Willis, the former Minor League pitching coordinator, was promoted to pitching coach.[13]

text: The Mariners hired former Cleveland Indians manager Eric Wedge as their new manager on October 19, 2010.[14]

text: Dave Niehaus, the Mariners' play-by-play announcer since the team's inception, died of a heart attack on November 10, 2010, at the age of 75.[15] In memory of Niehaus, Seattle rapper Macklemore wrote a tribute song called "My Oh My" in December 2010. He performed the song at the Mariners' Opening Day game on April 8, 2011.

text: On April 21, 2012, Philip Humber of the Chicago White Sox threw the third perfect game in Chicago White Sox history against the Mariners at Safeco Field in Seattle. It was the 21st perfect game in MLB history.[16] Mariners starting pitcher Kevin Millwood and five other pitchers combined to throw the tenth combined no-hitter in MLB history and the first in team history on June 8, 2012. The last combined one occurred in 2003, when six Houston Astros no-hit the New York Yankees in New York. The six pitchers used in a no-hitter is a major league record. Félix Hernández pitched the first perfect game in team history, shutting down the Tampa Bay Rays 1-0 at Safeco Field on August 15, 2012. It was the 23rd perfect game in Major League Baseball history.[17] The Mariners became the first team in Major League Baseball to be involved in a perfect game two times in one season.[18]

text: General Manager (GM) Jack Zduriencik was relieved of his position by the team on August 28, 2015. Jerry Dipoto, who formerly served as GM of the Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim, was hired as the new GM of the Mariners one month later.[19] On October 9, 2015, manager Lloyd McClendon was fired, and the search for a new manager was begun.[20] Scott Servais was named the new Mariners' manager on October 23, 2015.[21]

text: Nintendo of America issued a press release on April 27, 2016, stating it would sell most shares it held of Seattle Mariners ownership to First Avenue Entertainment limited partnership. Nintendo retained a 10% ownership share of the team after the sale was completed in August 2016.[22]

text: Uniforms[edit]

text: The Mariners donned their current uniforms in 1993 (with a slight change to the color arrangement made in 2015[23]). White jerseys and pants are worn for most home games, while gray jerseys and pants are worn on the road. In 2011, the team brought back an alternate "Northwest Green" jersey that was previously part of the uniform set from 1994 to 1996 to be worn during Friday home games.[24][25] A navy blue alternate jersey is worn for occasional road games; other variations of a navy jersey had been used as home alternates prior to the reintroduction of the Northwest Green jersey.

text: A navy blue cap that features a ball and compass "S" logo is paired with the home white, road gray, and navy blue jerseys. A variation of this cap with a Northwest Green brim is worn with the home alternate jersey.

text: In January 2015 the team announced a new alternate uniform to be worn for Sunday home games. This cream-colored "fauxback" uniform features the current logo and lettering style in a royal blue and gold color scheme, a throwback to the original team colors. Unlike the rest of the uniform set, the back of the jersey does not display the player name.[24][1] The cap features the current cap logo in the throwback colors.[1][26]

text: Spring training[edit]

text: The Peoria Sports Complex in Peoria, Arizona, has been the Mariners' home spring training facility since 1994. The complex is shared with the San Diego Padres.[27] On March 25, 2013, in a 16-0 victory over the Cincinnati Reds, the Mariners broke the team record for total home runs during a spring training season with 52.[28]

text: Season records[edit]

text: This is a partial list listing the past 20 completed regular seasons. For the full season records, see here.

text:
Year
Record
Win %
Place in AL West
Postseason
Notes

1998
76–85
.472
3rd

1999
79–83
.488
3rd

2000
91–71
.562
2nd
Won ALDS vs Chicago White Sox, 3–0
Lost ALCS vs New York Yankees, 4–2.
First Wild Card in Franchise History
Kazuhiro Sasaki named AL Rookie of the Year

2001
116–46
.716
1st
Won ALDS vs Cleveland Indians, 3–2
Lost ALCS vs New York Yankees, 4–1.
Tied the regular-season record with 116 wins, but went 4–6 in the postseason.
Ichiro Suzuki named AL MVP and Rookie of the Year

2002
93–69
.574
3rd

Celebrated 25th anniversary of the franchise

2003
93–69
.574
2nd

2004
63–99
.389
4th

Ichiro had 262 hits, which broke the 84-year-old hit record. Edgar Martínez retired after his 18th and final season with the Mariners.

2005
69–93
.426
4th

2006
78–84
.481
4th

2007
88–74
.543
2nd

Celebrated 30th anniversary of the franchise

2008
61–101
.377
4th

First team of 2008 to officially be eliminated from the 2008 postseason. Worst record since 1983, which was the last time they had lost over 100 games in a season.
First team in MLB history to lose 100 games with a $100 million payroll.
Dave Niehaus won the Ford C. Frick Award, presented by the National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum.

2009
85–77
.520
3rd

Ichiro set the new record for most consecutive 200-hit seasons at 9.

2010
61–101
.377
4th

Félix Hernández won the 2010 AL Cy Young Award.
Ichiro and Franklin Gutiérrez won the 2010 Rawlings Gold Glove awards for AL Right Field and Center Field, respectively.
Former Executive Pat Gillick was elected to the National Baseball Hall of Fame by the Veterans Committee.
Ichiro had his tenth consecutive season batting over .300 with 200 hits, winning a Rawlings Gold Glove Award, and appearing in the Major League Baseball All-Star Game.

2011
67–95
.414
4th

Pitchers Félix Hernández, Brandon League, and Michael Pineda were named all-stars.

2012
75–87
.463
4th

Celebrated 35th Anniversary of the franchise. Featured a combined no-hitter and perfect game by Félix Hernández. Became the first team in MLB history to both win and lose in perfect games in one season. Ichiro was traded to the Yankees on July 23.

2013
71–91
.438
4th

Despite the Major League debuts of top prospects Nick Franklin, Mike Zunino, Brad Miller, Taijuan Walker and James Paxton, the Mariners once again failed to make the postseason. Although the Mariners took a major step forward in the power department, hitting the second most home runs in the American League (188 trailing Baltimore's 212), hitting fundamentals, questionable defense and a shallow pitching rotation and bullpen held the team back. On September 27, manager Eric Wedge announced that he would not return for the 2014 season.[29] He was replaced by Lloyd McClendon.

2014
87–75
.537
3rd

The Mariners made a surprising playoff run in 2014, but in the end, they fell short on the final day of the season. Félix Hernández won the AL ERA title with a 2.14 ERA and Robinson Canó had a career year in his first season with Seattle.

2015
76–86
.469
4th

McClendon was fired after the season ended.[30] On October 23, 2015 Scott Servais was hired as the team's new manager.[31]

2016
86–76
.531
2nd

The Mariners made another surprising playoff run in 2016, but they ultimately fell short of the playoffs once again. The trio of Robinson Canó, Nelson Cruz, and Kyle Seager all had stellar seasons themselves, but it was not enough to make the playoffs.

2017
78–84
.481
tied-2nd

text: Safeco Field[edit]

text: Has been home to the Seattle Mariners since the first game vs. the San Diego Padres on July 15, 1999. There were 44,607 people in attendance[32] that night.

text: Seattle Mariners Hall of Fame[edit]

text: Seattle Mariners former chairman and CEO John Ellis announced on June 14, 1997 the creation of a Mariners Hall of Fame. It is operated by the Seattle Mariners organization. It honors the players, staff and other individuals that greatly contributed to the history and success of the Mariners franchise. It is located at the Baseball Museum of the Pacific Northwest[33] in Safeco Field.

text:
Key

Year
Year inducted

Bold
Member of the Baseball Hall of Fame

Member of the Baseball Hall of Fame as a Mariner

Bold
Recipient of the Hall of Fame's Ford C. Frick Award

text:
Seattle Mariners Hall of Fame

No.
Player
Position
Tenure
Inducted

—
Dave Niehaus
Broadcaster
1977–2010
2000

21
Alvin Davis
1B
1984–91
1997

19
Jay Buhner
RF
1988–2001
2004

11
Edgar Martínez
DH/3B
Coach
1987–2004
2015–present
2007

6
Dan Wilson
C
1994–2005
2012

51
Randy Johnson
P
1989–1998[34]
2012

24
Ken Griffey Jr.
CF
DH/OF
1989–1999
2009–2010
2013

14
Lou Piniella
Manager
1993–2002
2014

50
Jamie Moyer
P
1996–2006
2015

text: Retired numbers[edit]

text:
Jackie
Robinson
All MLB
Honored April 15, 1997

Ken
Griffey Jr.
OF
Retired August 6, 2016

Edgar
Martínez
DH, 3B, Coach
Retired August 12, 2017

text:
The Mariners plan to retire uniform numbers only very selectively and subject to substantially higher expectations than those applied to the Mariners' Hall of Fame. To be eligible to have one's number retired, in addition to the criteria outlined for the Mariners' Hall of Fame, the former Mariners should have either:
      a) been elected to the National Baseball Hall of Fame and been in a Mariner's uniform for at least five years, or
      b) come close to such election and have spent substantially his entire career with the Mariners.
Eligibility shall not commence until after the former player has been voted on once for the National Baseball Hall of Fame, which for all practical purposes means six years after retirement.[35]

text: Ken Griffey Jr.'s number 24 was retired at the beginning of the 2016 season, with the retirement ceremony taking place on August 6, 2016.[36][37] Griffey had been elected to the Hall of Fame in January of that year.

text: Edgar Martínez's number 11 was retired during the 2017 season, with the retirement ceremony taking place on August 12, 2017. Martínez played his entire major-league career in Seattle and first appeared on the Hall of Fame ballot in 2010. His best Hall of Fame voting count was in 2018, when he received 70.4% of the vote (75% is required for induction).[38][39] Jersey number 11 was not issued to anyone else between Martínez's retirement as a player in 2004 until his return to the Mariners as hitting coach in 2015.

text: Currently, only one other player has definitively met the requirements to have his number retired: Randy Johnson, who played 10 seasons with the Mariners (1989–1998) and was elected to the Hall of Fame in 2015.

text: Despite not officially retiring number 19, the team has not reissued it since Jay Buhner since he left the team in 2001.

text: Number 51, worn by Randy Johnson, was withheld from players from 1998 until 2001, when it was issued to Ichiro Suzuki upon his request after wearing it for his entire career in Japan. It was presumably taken out of circulation again, following Ichiro's 2012 trade to the Yankees coupled with Johnson's 2015 election into the Baseball Hall of Fame. The number was once again worn by Ichiro after he returned to the team in 2018.

text: Number 14 (Lou Piniella) was not given to any uniformed personnel between Piniella's 2002 departure and 2015, but it was issued to third-base coach Manny Acta for the 2016 season.

text: Jackie Robinson's number 42 was retired throughout Major League Baseball on April 15, 1997.

text: Uniform number 00 is presumed off-limits, as it has been worn by the Mariner Moose since 1997 (outfielder Jeffrey Leonard was the last player to wear 00 for the M's, in 1990). From 1990 to 1996, the Moose wore the last 2 digits of the year of the current season.

text: Culture[edit]

text: This section needs to be updated. Please update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. (February 2014)

text: Louie Louie[edit]

text: As part of the seventh inning stretch, after the crowd is led in singing "Take Me Out To The Ball Game" or "God Bless America" the public address system begins playing the Kingsmen's version of "Louie Louie". This commemorates a 1985 prank attempt to make "Louie Louie" the state song of Washington.

text: Hydroplane Races and Cap-and-Ball Game[edit]

text: As part of the mid-inning entertainment during games, three animated hydroplanes race on the Safeco Field Jumbotron screen. Each boat is "sponsored" by a local business. Fans are encouraged to cheer the boats on. The hydroplane races are inspired by actual hydroplane races held annually during Seafair, Seattle's primary summer event.

text: Similarly, in a separate event, a baseball is hidden underneath one of three animated Mariners baseball caps and the fans are encouraged to shout out which cap they think the ball is under at the end of the caps' "dance." Both events are strictly for fun and no prizes are awarded.

text: Buhner Buzz Cut Night[edit]

text: In 1994 the Mariners started a promotion called "Buhner Buzz Cut Night" Inspired by Jay Buhner's shaved head, any fan who was willing to have their head shaved before the game—or was already bald—would receive a free ticket to the game and a T-shirt with a slogan such as "Bald is Buhnerful" or "Take Me Out To The Bald Game". Hair 10 inches or longer was collected for charity. The promotion continued until Buhner's retirement in 2001, with a year's hiatus in 2000, and is still remembered by fans today.

text: Rally Fries[edit]

text: Rally Fries are a baseball tradition started by Mariners broadcaster Mike Blowers in 2007. During a game against the Cincinnati Reds, a fan tried to catch a foul ball along the right-field line but in turn spilled his tray of french fries along the track. While chatting on the air and seeing the mishap, Blowers' partner, Dave Sims, suggested that he should send a new tray of fries to the fan. Blowers agreed, and sent his intern to deliver a plate of fries to the man.[40]

text: At the Mariners' next game, fans made signs and boards asking Blowers for fries as well. Coincidentally, every time the fries were delivered, the Mariners seem to score or rally from a deficit, and thus the "Rally Fries" were created. This became so popular with the fans that signs were even seen when the Mariners were the visiting team, although on August 1, 2009, Blowers established that he only gives out fries at home games.[41]

text: Generally, Blowers will select a person or a group of people that appeals to him, whether it is through fans wearing elaborate costumes or waving funny signs and boards. The fries are usually delivered from Ivar's, a Seattle-based seafood restaurant with a location at Safeco Field. The amount of fries given out varies with the size of the winning group of fans. The winners are generally selected around the 5th or 6th inning, although potential candidates are shown in almost every inning beforehand.

text: King's Court[edit]

text: As the 2011 season progressed, the Mariners marketing staff came up with an idea to encourage the growing fanbase of star pitcher "King" Félix Hernández. Every Hernandez start at Safeco Field is now accompanied by the King's Court, a designated cheering section for fans to sing, chant, and cheer while donning yellow T-shirts and K cards that are supplied by the team.

text: The King's Court is both a personal rooting section for Hernandez and trend-setter for Safeco Field. The team encouraged fans to dress like Larry Bernandez, Hernandez's alter ego from a Mariners TV Commercial, or show up in wacky costumes, rewarding the best with a ceremonial turkey leg.[42]

text: The Supreme Court is a special occurrence when the King's Court is extended to the entirety of Safeco Field. The first Supreme Court was Félix's first home game following his perfect game in 2012. Since then it has occurred each year at Félix's first home game of each season.

text: The Maple Grove[edit]

text: The ultimately disappointing 2017 season had a few bright spots, including the establishment of the Maple Grove, an offshoot of the King’s Court which honors James Paxton rather than Félix Hernández. On days where James Paxton starts, a group of fans hold up “Eh” Cards, a tip of the cap to Paxton’s home country of Canada. A potted maple tree is also present for the occasion. The Maple Grove differs from the King’s Court in that it was created by fans, while the Court was thought of by the Mariners marketing team. When asked, Paxton stated that fans creating the Maple Grove was really special to him and that he never imagined that something of the sort would ever be done for him.[43]

text: Current roster and Baseball Hall of Fame[edit]

text:
Seattle Mariners roster

v
t
e

Active roster
Inactive roster
Coaches/Other

Pitchers
Starting rotation

32 Marco Gonzales
34 Félix Hernández
 8 Mike Leake
65 James Paxton

Bullpen

53 Dan Altavilla
60 Chasen Bradford
49 Wade LeBlanc
12 Juan Nicasio
47 James Pazos
25 Marc Rzepczynski
50 Nick Vincent

Closer

39 Edwin Díaz

Catchers

36 David Freitas
10 Mike Marjama

Infielders

22 Robinson Canó
 7 Andrew Romine
15 Kyle Seager
 2 Jean Segura
20 Dan Vogelbach

Outfielders

16 Ben Gamel
 9 Dee Gordon
17 Mitch Haniger
 5 Guillermo Heredia
51 Ichiro Suzuki

Designated hitters

23 Nelson Cruz

Pitchers

-- Dario Alvarez
33 Chase De Jong
61 Casey Lawrence
37 Ariel Miranda
48 Andrew Moore
35 David Phelps
44 Max Povse
31 Erasmo Ramirez
52 Nick Rumbelow
63 Rob Whalen

Catchers

 3 Mike Zunino

Infielders

27 Ryon Healy
21 Taylor Motter

Manager

29 Scott Servais

Coaches

14 Manny Acta (bench)
66 Fleming Baez (bullpen catcher)
28 Scott Brosius (third base)
38 Jim Brower (assistant coach)
40 Brian DeLunas (bullpen)
11 Edgar Martínez (hitting)
13 Chris Prieto (first base)
30 Mel Stottlemyre Jr. (pitching)

25 active, 13 inactive
 7- or 10-day disabled list
 Suspended list
# Personal leave
Roster and coaches updated April 18, 2018
Transactions • Depth chart
→ All MLB rosters

text: Baseball Hall of Famers[edit]

text: The following elected members of the Baseball Hall of Fame spent part of their careers with the Mariners.[44]

text:
Seattle Mariners Hall of Famers

Affiliation according to the National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum

Seattle Mariners

Pat Gillick†

Goose Gossage
Ken Griffey Jr.

Rickey Henderson

Randy Johnson‡
Gaylord Perry

Dick Williams

Players and managers listed in bold are depicted on their Hall of Fame plaques wearing a Mariners cap insignia.
† – Pat Gillick was elected as an Executive/Pioneer due in part to his contributions to baseball as general manager of the Mariners.[45]
‡ – Randy Johnson is depicted on his Hall of Fame plaque wearing an Arizona Diamondbacks cap insignia; however, the Hall of Fame recognizes the Mariners as his primary team.[46]

text: Minor league affiliations[edit]

text:
Level
Team
League
Location

AAA
Tacoma Rainiers
Pacific Coast League
Tacoma, Washington

AA
Arkansas Travelers
Texas League
North Little Rock, Arkansas

Advanced A
Modesto Nuts
California League
Modesto, California

A
Clinton LumberKings
Midwest League
Clinton, Iowa

Short Season A
Everett AquaSox
Northwest League
Everett, Washington

Rookie
AZL Mariners
Arizona League
Peoria, Arizona

DSL Mariners
Dominican Summer League
Santo Domingo, Distrito Nacional, Dominican Republic

text: Radio and television[edit]

text: The Mariners' flagship radio station is KIRO-AM (710 ESPN Radio), which previously broadcast Mariners contests from 1985 to 2002. Former flagship stations include KOMO-AM (2003–2008), and KVI-AM 570 (1977–1984). Television rights are held by Root Sports Northwest. During the 2016 season, the Mariners averaged a 5.84 rating and 103,000 viewers on primetime TV broadcasts.[47] In years past, Mariners games have also appeared in Seattle on over-the-air stations KING-TV, KIRO-TV, KTZZ-TV (now KZJO), and KSTW. Selected Mariners games are also available on Canadian television, due to an agreement between Root Sports Northwest and Rogers Sportsnet Pacific.

text: Since 2013, Rick Rizzs and Aaron Goldsmith have called games on the radio. The television broadcasts are anchored by play-by-play announcer Dave Sims and color commentator (and former Mariners player) Mike Blowers.[48] Seattle radio personality Matt Pitman hosts the post-game show on the Mariners' radio network, along with clubhouse reporter Shannon Drayer. Spanish-language radio broadcast duties are handled by Alex Rivera on play-by-play and former second baseman Julio Cruz providing color commentary.

text: The Mariners' broadcast team for 2010 featured Dave Niehaus and Rizzs—back for their 32nd and 23rd seasons with the club, respectively—as well as Sims and Blowers. For the first three innings of each game, Niehaus worked the television broadcast with Blowers while Rizzs and Sims handled radio duties; after the third inning, Niehaus and Sims traded places. Niehaus, who had broadcast for the Mariners since their inaugural season of 1977, died on November 10, 2010. For the 2011 season, Dave Niehaus' duties in the broadcast booth were filled by a collection of former Mariners broadcasters such as Ron Fairly, Ken Levine, and Ken Wilson; and former Mariners' players such as Dave Valle, Dan Wilson, Jay Buhner, and Dave Henderson.

text: Tom Hutyler has been the Mariners' public address announcer since 1987, first at the Kingdome, and presently at Safeco Field.[49] While KOMO 1000 AM was the Mariners' flagship radio station, Hutyler occasionally hosted the post-game radio show.

text: Franchise records and award winners[edit]

text: Season records[edit]

text:
Highest Batting Average: .372, Ichiro Suzuki (2004)
Most Runs: 141, Alex Rodriguez (1996)
Most Hits: 262, Ichiro Suzuki (2004) (Major League Record)
Highest Slugging %: .674, Ken Griffey Jr. (1994)
Highest On-Base %: .479, Edgar Martínez (1995)
Highest On-Base Plus Slugging: 1.107, Edgar Martínez (1995)
Most Doubles: 54, Alex Rodriguez (1996)
Most Triples: 12, Ichiro Suzuki (2005)
Most Home Runs: 56, Ken Griffey Jr. (1997, 1998)
Most Grand Slams: 4, Edgar Martínez (2000)
Most RBIs: 147, Ken Griffey Jr. (1997)
Most Stolen Bases: 60, Harold Reynolds (1987)
Most Wins: 21, Jamie Moyer (2003)
Lowest ERA: 2.14, Félix Hernández (2014)
Most Strikeouts: 308, Randy Johnson (1993)
Most Complete Games: 14, Mike Moore (1985) and Mark Langston (1987)
Most Saves: 48, Fernando Rodney (2014)

text: Career records[edit]

text:
Most Home Runs: 417, Ken Griffey Jr.
Most RBIs: 1261, Edgar Martínez
Most Runs: 1219, Edgar Martínez
Most Walks: 1283, Edgar Martínez
Most Hits: 2533, Ichiro Suzuki
Most Stolen Bases: 483, Ichiro Suzuki
Highest Average: .322, Ichiro Suzuki
Highest Slugging %: .561, Alex Rodriguez
Highest On Base %: .418, Edgar Martínez
Highest OPS: .934, Alex Rodriguez
Most Games Played: 2055, Edgar Martínez
Lowest ERA: 3.01, Tom Wilhelmsen
Lowest WHIP: 1.14, Hisashi Iwakuma
Most Innings Pitched: 2420.2, Félix Hernández
Most Wins: 154, Félix Hernández
Most Strikeouts: 2270, Félix Hernández
Most Saves: 129, Kazuhiro Sasaki


document_title: List of best-selling music artists

question_text: who is the most selling band of all time

root

text: List of best-selling music artists

text: Definitions

text: All artists included on this list, which have begun charting on official albums or singles charts have their available claimed figures supported by at least 20% in certified units. That is why Cliff Richard, Diana Ross, Scorpions, Bing Crosby, Gloria Estefan, Deep Purple, Iron Maiden, Tom Jones, The Jackson 5, Dionne Warwick, the Spice Girls, Dolly Parton, Ozzy Osbourne, Andrea Bocelli and others have not been included on this list. The more recent the artist, the higher the required percentage of certified units, so artists such as Rihanna, Chris Brown, Taylor Swift, Flo Rida, Katy Perry, Justin Bieber, Adele, Lady Gaga, Bruno Mars, Nicki Minaj and Ed Sheeran are expected to have their claimed figures supported by over 75% in certified units. The certified units are sourced from available online databases of local music industry associations. All certified units are converted from Gold/Platinum/Diamond certification awards based on criteria provided by certifying bodies. The certified units percentage varies according to the first year that an artist appeared in the charts.[a]

tag: p

text: The requirements of certified units are designed to avoid inflated sales figures, which are frequently practiced by record companies for promotional purposes.[1][2] The claimed figures are referenced from online articles created by highly reliable sources. For clarity, the sources used, say the term "records" (singles, albums, videos) and not "albums". However, if all available sources for an artist or band say "albums", such sources are only used if the certified album units of the said artist meet the required percentage amount. This list uses claimed figures that are closest to artists' available certified units: inflated claimed figures that meet the required certified units amount but are unrealistically high, are not used.

text: The claimed figures are upgraded only when there is a significant progress in artists' certified units. In other words, the available certified units for each artist should get relatively closer to already listed claimed figure in order for higher figures to replace the listed ones.

text: The certified units of the newer artists may sometimes be higher than their listed claimed figures. This is because Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) and almost all other certifying bodies count streaming towards Gold and Platinum thresholds required for Digital Single Award certification.[3][4][5] For this reason, some singles and even albums get over certified by hundreds of thousands of units. The over certified figures, however, are often in millions of units for RIAA certifications, one such example is Rihanna's single "We Found Love", which is certified at nine times Platinum by the RIAA, yet during the time of the certification, it had sold 5.4 million downloads.[6][7]

text: The certified units for some artists/bands who have multi-disc albums can be higher than their listed claimed figures due to Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) counting each unit within set as one unit toward certification.

text: Issued certifications for songs which have been recorded by multiple artists including featured artists are added to each artist's total amount of certified units, as all the artists would have played a significant part in a song. For example "This Is What You Came For" and "Where Them Girls At" include Rihanna and Flo Rida, Nicki Minaj as featured artists respectively, so the certifications issued for these songs are added to the total amount of certified units for all involved artists. However, the certifications issued for songs that have been recorded by four or more artists are not included as the artists involved would have played minor roles, examples of such songs are Kanye West's "Monster" and/or "All Day".[b]

text: Artists by reputed sales

text: 250 million or more records

text:
The Beatles

Elvis Presley

Michael Jackson

Madonna

Elton John

Led Zeppelin

Pink Floyd

tag: ul

text:
To ensure the highest level of fact checking and editorial control, this list sources sales figures to news organizations and highly regarded music industry related organizations such as MTV, VH1, Billboard and Rolling Stone.
The figures of total certified units within the tables below are based on certified units of albums, singles (including digital downloads) and videos.
Markets' order within the tables is based on Retail Value: each market generates respectively, the largest market at the top and smallest at the bottom.[8][9]

text:
Artist
Country / Market
Period active
Release year of first charted record
Genre
Total certified units
(from available markets)[c]
Claimed sales

The Beatles
United Kingdom
1960–1970[10]
1962[10]
Rock / Pop[10]
7002271300000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 271.3 million

US: 212.250 million[11]
JPN: 4.950 million[c][12]
UK: 18.245 million[c][13]
GER: 8 million[c][14]
FRA: 3.890 million[c][15][16]
CAN: 14.455 million[c][17]
AUS: 3.060 million[c][18][19]
ITA: 355,000[c][20]
BRA: 550,000[c][21]
SWE 485,000[c][22]
SPA: 1.250 million[c][23][24]
SWI: 350,000[c][25]
BEL: 265,000[c][26][27]
ARG: 1.606 million[c][28][29]
DEN: 270,000[c][30][31]
AUT: 500,000[c][32]
POL: 175,000[c][33]
NZ: 660,000[c][34][35]

600 million[36][37]
500 million[38]

Elvis Presley
United States
1954–1977[39]
1954[39]
Rock and roll / Pop / Country[39]
7002223100000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 223.1 million

US: 199.150 million[11]
JPN: 300,000[c][12]
UK: 13.145 million[c][13]
GER: 1.2 million[c][14]
FRA: 2.590 million[c][15][16]
CAN: 2.925 million[c][17]
AUS: 1.797 million[c][18][40]
ITA: 105,000[c][20]
BRA: 125,000[c][21]
SWE 380,000[c][22]
SPA: 300,000[c][23][41][42]
MEX: 105,000[c][43]
SWI: 185,000[c][25]
BEL: 115,000[c][26][27]
ARG: 110,000[c][28]
DEN: 120,000[c][44][45][46]
AUT: 205,000[c][32]
FIN: 213,945[c][47]
NZ: 117,500[c][34][35]

600 million[48][49]
500 million[50]

Michael Jackson
United States
1964–2009[51]
1971[51]
Pop / Rock / Dance / Soul / R&B[51]
7002185000000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 185 million

US: 104.5 million[11]
JPN: 4.650 million[c][12][52]
UK: 27.945 million[13]
GER: 11.275 million[14]
FRA: 11.375 million[15][16][53]
CAN: 4.670 million[17]
AUS: 6.670 million[c][18][19][54][55][56]
ITA: 1.170 million[c][20]
BRA: 280,000[c][21]
SWE: 1.230 million[c][22][57]
SPA: 1.995 million[c][23][24][41][42][58]
MEX: 3.670 million[c][43]
SWI: 910,000[c][25]
BEL: 365,000[c][26][27]
ARG: 124,000[c][28][29]
DEN: 1.224 million[c][59][60][61]
AUT: 1.197 million[c][32]
POL: 530,000[c][33]
FIN: 384,127[47]
NZ: 902,500[34][35]

350 million[62][63]
300 million[64][65]

Madonna
United States
1979–present[66]
1982[66]
Pop / Dance / Electronica[66]
7002170700000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 170.7 million

US: 85.675 million[11]
JPN: 6.450 million [c][12][52]
UK: 28.845 million[13]
GER: 12.4 million[14]
FRA: 12.81 million[15][16][53]
CAN: 6.030 million[17]
AUS: 4.717 million[c][18][67][68]
ITA: 465,000[c][20]
BRA: 3.440 million[c][21]
SWE: 1.070 million[c][22][57]
SPA: 2.815 million[23][24][41][42][58]
MEX: 510,000[c][43]
SWI: 1.080 million[c][25]
BEL: 690,000[c][26][27]
ARG: 1.098[28][29]
DEN: 407,000[c][59][60][69][70][71][72]
AUT: 602,500[c][32]
POL: 530,000[c][33]
FIN: 652,686[47]
NZ: 417,500[34][35]

300 million[73][74]
275 million[75]

Elton John
United Kingdom
1964–present[76]
1969[76]
Pop / Rock[76]
7002169300000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 169.3 million

US: 117.850 million[11]
JPN: 1.1 million [c][12]
UK: 22.595 million[c][13]
GER: 7.9 million[c][14]
FRA: 4.825 million[c][15][16][53]
CAN: 5.975 million[c][17]
AUS: 2.947 million[c][18][77]
BRA: 835,000[c][21]
SWE: 740,000[c][22]
SPA: 1.2 million[c][23][24][42][58]
MEX: 100,000[c][43]
SWI: 1.313 million[c][25]
BEL: 390,000[c][26][27]
ARG: 128,000[28][29]
DEN: 150,000[c][45][60][78]
AUT: 765,000[c][32]
POL: 150,000[c][33]
FIN: 163,481[47]
NZ: 255,000[c][34][35]

300 million[79][80]
250 million[81][82]

Led Zeppelin
United Kingdom
1968–1980[83]
1969[83]
Hard rock / Blues rock / Folk rock[83]
7002139800000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 139.8 million

US: 114.1 million[11]
JPN: 400,000 [c][12]
UK: 9.330 million[c][13]
GER: 3.775 million[c][14]
FRA: 2.310 million[c][15][16][84]
CAN: 4.710 million[17]
AUS: 2.8 million[c][18][85][86]
ITA: 420,000[c][20]
BRA: 820,000[c][21]
SPA: 450,000[c][24][42][58]
SWI: 211,000[c][25]
ARG: 360,000[c][28]
POL: 120,000[c][33]

300 million[87][88]
200 million[89][90]

Pink Floyd
United Kingdom
1965–1996, 2014[91][92]
1967[91]
Progressive rock / Psychedelic rock[91]
7002119100000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 119.1 million

US: 78 million[11]
JPN: 100,000[c][93]
UK: 11.520 million[c][13]
GER: 7.5 million[c][14]
FRA: 6.360 million[c][15][16][53]
CAN: 6.790 million[c][17]
AUS: 2.932 million[c][18][19]
ITA: 1.685 million[c][20]
BRA: 540,000[c][21]
SWE: 220,000[c][22][57]
SPA: 625,000[c][23][24][41][58]
SWI: 390,000[c][25]
BEL: 115,000[c][26][27]
ARG: 582,000[c][28][29]
AUT: 460,000[c][32]
POL: 590,000[c][33]
NZ: 787,500[c][34][35]

250 million[94][95]
200 million[96]

tag: table

text: The column for certified sales includes markets, the databases of which contain certifications representing figures of 100,000 and more.

text: 200 million to 249 million records

text:
Rihanna

Eminem

Mariah Carey

Queen

Celine Dion

Whitney Houston

AC/DC

text:
Artist
Country / Market
Period active
Release-year of first charted record
Genre
Total certified units
(from available markets)[c]
Claimed sales

Rihanna
Barbados
United States
2005–present[97]
2005[97]
R&B / Pop / Dance / Hip-hop[97]
7002242300000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 242.3 million

US: 180.55 million[11]
JPN: 1.4 million[12][52]
UK: 31.1 million[13]
GER: 4.675 million[14]
FRA: 1.465 million[16]
CAN: 3.040 million[17]
AUS: 9.325 million[18]
ITA: 1.550 million[c][20]
BRA: 705,000[21]
SWE: 2.480 million[22][57]
SPA: 1.470 million[23]
MEX: 410,000[43][98]
SWI: 840,000[25]
BEL: 660,000[27]
DEN: 1.127[59][60][61][69][78][99][100][101]
AUT: 135,000[32]
POL: 500,000[33]
IRE: 240,000[102]
NZ: 667,500[34][35]

230 million[103][104]

Eminem
United States
1996–present[105]
1999[105]
Hip-hop[105]
7002211700000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 211.7 million

US: 163.2 million[11]
JPN: 2.9 million [12][52]
UK: 23.225 million[13]
GER: 3.450 million[14]
FRA: 3.288 million[16][84]
CAN: 3.930 million[17]
AUS: 5.807 million[18]
ITA: 665,000[c][20]
BRA: 200,000[21]
SWE: 910,000[22][57]
SPA: 290,000[23][58]
MEX: 365,000[43]
SWI: 805,000[25]
BEL: 490,000[26][27]
DEN: 611,000[c][59][106]>[61]
AUT: 362,500[32]
PL: 250,000[33]
FIN: 124,547[47]
IRE: 285,000[c][102]
NZ: 600,000[34][35]

220 million[107]
200 million[108]

Mariah Carey
United States
1988–present[109]
1990[109]
R&B / Pop / Soul / Hip-hop[109]
7002137100000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 137.1 million

US: 92.6 million[11]
JPN: 14.5 million [c][12][52][110]
UK: 10.020 million[13]
GER: 3.750 million[14]
FRA: 4.690 million[15][16][53]
CAN: 4.1 million[17]
AUS: 3.515 million[c][18][111]
ITA: 200,000[c][20]
BRA: 835,000[21]
SWE: 425,000[22]
SPA: 1 million[23][24][42][58]
SWI: 515,000[25]
BEL: 175,000[c][26][27]
DEN: 280,000[61][112]
AUT: 200,000[32]
POL: 100,000[c][33]
NZ: 240,000[c][34]

200 million[113][114]
175 million[115][116]

Queen
United Kingdom
1971–present[117]
1973[117]
Rock[117]
7002125300000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 125.3 million

US: 65 million[11]
JPN: 2.850 million[c][12][52][118]
UK: 29.075 million[c][13]
GER: 11.525 million[c][14]
FRA: 4.495 million[c][15][16][53]
CAN: 1.870 million[c][17]
AUS: 2.167 million[c][18][19]
ITA: 505,000[c][20]
BRA: 970,000[c][21]
SWE: 190,000[c][22]
SPA: 1.720 million[c][23][24][41][42]
SWI: 1.256 million[c][25]
BEL: 100,000[c][26][27]
DEN: 205,000[61]
ARG: 1.080 million[c][28][29]
AUT: 900,000[c][32]
POL: 810,000[c][33]
FIN: 366,152[47]
NZ: 275,000[c][34][35]

200 million[119]
170 million[120]

Celine Dion
Canada
1981–present[121]
1981[121]
Pop[121]
7002125100000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 125.1 million

US: 56.550 million[11]
JPN: 7.150 million[c][12][122][123]
UK: 13.555 million[13]
GER: 8 million[14]
FRA: 15.768 million[15][16][53][84]
CAN: 12.245 million[17]
AUS: 3.302 million[c][18][19]
BRA: 505,000[c][21]
SWE: 1.105 million[c][22]
SPA: 1 million[42][58]
SWI: 1.685 million[c][25]
BEL: 1.885 million[c][26][27]
ARG: 340,000[28]
DEN: 370,000[c][45][124][125][126]
AUT: 440,000[c][32]
POL: 680,000[c][33]
FIN: 356,183[47]
NZ: 192,500[34][35]

200 million[127][128]
175 million[129][130]

Whitney Houston
United States
1977–2012[131]
1984[131]
R&B / Soul / Pop[131]
7002114900000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 114.9 million

US: 76.775 million[11]
JPN: 4.3 million[c][12][132]
UK: 15.205 million[13]
GER: 5.6 million[c][14]
FRA: 2.275 million[15][16][53]
CAN: 3.430 million[17]
AUS: 1.755 million[c][18][19][133]
ITA: 140,000[c][20]
BRA: 1.025[c][21]
SWE: 1.035 million[c][22]
SPA: 1.260 million[23][24][41][42]
SWI: 845,000[c][25]
BEL: 215,000[c][26][27]
DEN: 140,000[60][61]
AUT: 535,000[c][32]
POL: 180,000[c][33]
FIN: 247,222[47]

200 million[134][135]
170 million[136][137]

AC/DC
Australia
1973–present[138]
1975[138]
Hard rock / Blues rock / Rock and roll[138]
7002113800000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 113.8 million

US: 79.7 million[11]
UK: 4.6 million[13]
GER: 10.3 million[c][14]
FRA: 4.180 million[15][16]
CAN: 2.490 million[c][17]
AUS: 7.540 million[c][18]
ITA: 775,000[c][20]
SWE: 350,000[c][22][57]
SPA: 1.355 million[c][23][24][41][42][58]
SWI: 894,000[c][25]
BEL: 100,000[c][27]
ARG: 594,000[c][28][29]
DEN: 130,000[60][61][139]
AUT: 380,000[c][32]
FIN: 321,169[47]
NZ: 140,000[c][34][35]

200 million[140][141]
150 million[142][143]

The Rolling Stones
United Kingdom
1962–present[144]
1963[144]
Rock / Blues rock [144]
7001976000000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 97.6 million

US: 74.750 million[11]
JPN: 950,000[c][12]
UK: 8.910 million[c][13]
GER: 3.2 million[c][14]
FRA: 3.377 million[c][15][16][53]
AUS: 417,500[c][18]
CAN: 3.025 million[c][17]
ITA: 205,000[c][20]
BRA: 100,000[c][21]
SWE: 310,000[c][22]
SPA: 690,000[c][23][24][41][42][58]
SWI: 238,000[c][25]
BEL: 120,000[c][26][27]
ARG: 718,000[c][28][29]
AUT: 300,000[c][32]
POL: 140,000[c][33]
NZ: 190,000[c][34][35]

200 million[145][146]

ABBA
Sweden
1972–1982[147]
1972[147]
Pop / Disco[147]
7001607000000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 60.7 million

US: 12.7 million[11]
JPN: 1.5 million[c][52][148][149]
UK: 18.970 million[c][13]
GER: 10.450 million[c][14]
FRA: 2.750 million[c][15][16][53]
CAN: 2.785 million[c][17]
AUS: 6.127 million[c][18][150]
BRA: 275,000[c][21][57]
SWE: 800,000[c][22]
SPA: 1.005 million[c][23][41]
MEX: 260,000[c][43]
SWI: 600,000[c][25]
BEL: 380,000[c][26][27]
ARG: 238,000[c][28][29]
DEN: 600,000[c][151][152][153]
AUT: 175,000[c][32]
POL: 150,000[c][33]
FIN: 656,319[47]
NZ: 297,500[c][35][154][155]

200 million[156][157]
100 million[158]

text: 120 million to 199 million records

text:
Taylor Swift

Garth Brooks

Justin Bieber

Eagles

Bruno Mars

Kanye West

U2

text:
Artist
Country / Market
Period active
Release-year of first charted record
Genre
Total certified units
(from available markets)[c]
Claimed sales

Taylor Swift
United States
2006–present[159]
2006[159]
Country / Country pop / Pop / Pop-rock[159]
7002183900000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 183.9 million

US: 159 million[11]
JPN: 2.850 million[12][52]
UK: 8.9 million[13]
GER: 950,000[14]
FRA: 300,000[16]
CAN: 4.620 million[17]
AUS: 5.530 million[18]
ITA: 285,000[c][20]
BRA: 170,000[21]
SWE: 180,000[57]
MEX: 510,000[43][98][160]
DEN: 140,000>[61]
AUT: 100,000[32]
NZ: 375,000[34][35]

175 million[161]

Garth Brooks
United States
1989–present[162]
1989[162]
Country[162]
7002156100000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 156.1 million

US: 149.4 million[11]
UK: 520,000[13]
CAN: 5.730 million[17]
AUS: 350,000[c][18][163]
IRE: 120,000[c][102]

160 million[164]

Eagles
United States
1971–1980, 1994–present[165]
1972[165]
Rock[165]
7002129400000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 129.4 million

US: 108.9 million[11]
JPN: 600,000[c][12]
UK: 7.835 million[c][13]
GER: 925,000[c][14]
FRA: 2.040 million[c][15][16][53]
CAN: 4.2 million[c][17]
AUS: 3.395 million[c][18][166]
SWE: 140,000[c][22]
SPA: 500,000[c][23][24]
SWI: 290,000[c][25]
DEN: 185,000[c][60]>[61]
FIN: 124,749[47]
NZ: 352,500[c][34][35]

150 million[167]

U2
Ireland
1976–present[168]
1980[168]
Rock[168]
7002107100000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 107.1 million

US: 53.1 million[11]
JPN: 1.450 million[c][12]
UK: 18.720 million[13]
GER: 5.125 million[14]
FRA: 5.125 million[15][16]
CAN: 7.155 million[17]
AUS: 4.412 million[c][18][19][169]
ITA: 855,000[c][20]
BRA: 2.675 million[c][21]
SWE: 515,000[c][22]
SPA: 2.295 million[23][24][41][42][58]
MEX: 835,000[c][43]
SWI: 696,000[c][25]
BEL: 750,000[c][26][27]
ARG: 806,000[28][29]
DEN: 473,000[c][59][60][61][78][170]
AUT: 522,500[c][32]
POL: 370,000[c][33]
FIN: 235,460[47]
IRE: 316,000[c][102]
NZ: 765,000[34][35]

150 million[171]

Billy Joel
United States
1964–present[172]
1971[172]
Pop / Rock[172]
7002102600000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 102.6 million

US: 87.950 million[11]
JPN: 2 million[c][12][173]
UK: 5.655 million[c][13]
GER: 1.250 million[c][14]
FRA: 925,000[c][15][16][53]
CAN: 3.275 million[c][17]
AUS: 1.267[c][18][19]
AUT: 125,000[c][32]
NZ: 162,500[c][34]

150 million[174]

Phil Collins
United Kingdom
1980–2011, 2015–present[175]
1981[175]
Rock / Progressive rock / Adult contemporary[175]
7001884000000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 88.4 million

US: 39.850 million[11]
JPN: 800,000[c][12]
UK: 15.850 million[13]
GER: 13.8 million[14]
FRA: 6.410 million[15][16][53]
CAN: 3.375 million[17]
AUS: 1.522[c][18][19]
BRA: 1.370 million[c][21]
SWE: 245,000[c][22]
SPA: 2.150 million[23][24][42][58]
SWI: 973,000[c][25]
BEL: 305,000[c][26][27]
ARG: 1.044 million[28][29]
AUT: 440,000[c][32]
FIN: 182,581[47]
NZ: 122,500[34][35]

150 million[176]

Aerosmith
United States
1970–present[177]
1973[177]
Hard rock[177]
7001847000000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 84.7 million

US: 70.250 million[11]
JPN: 2.7 million[c][12][52]
UK: 3.230 million[13]
GER: 2 million[c][14]
FRA: 225,000[15][16][53]
CAN: 3.950 million[c][17]
AUS: 225,000[c][18][178]
ITA: 100,000[c][20]
BRA: 600,000[c][21]
SWE: 260,000[c][22]
SPA: 200,000[c][23][42]
MEX: 230,000[c][43]
SWI: 145,000[c][25]
ARG: 338,000[c][28][29]
AUT: 125,000[c][32]
POL: 100,000[c][33]
FIN: 101,722[47]

150 million[179]

Frank Sinatra
United States
1935–1995[180]
1939[180]
Pop / Swing[180]
7001373009999900000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 37.3 million

US: 28.2 million[c][11]
UK: 5.445 million[c][13]
GER: 1 million[c][14]
FRA: 600,000[c][15]
CAN: 650,000[c][17]
AUS: 315,000[c][18][181]
BRA: 350,000[c][21]
SWE: 130,000[c][22]
SPA: 500,000[c][24][42][58]
ARG: 188,000[c][28][29]

150 million[182]

Barbra Streisand
United States
1960–present[183]
1963[183]
Pop / Adult contemporary[183]
7001975000000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 97.5 million

US: 82.450 million[11]
UK: 5.765 million[c][13]
GER: 750,000[c][14]
FRA: 3.150 million[c][15][16][53]
CAN: 2.650 million[c][17]
AUS: 2.152 million[c][18]
SWE: 120,000[22][57]
SPA: 150,000[c][58]
FIN: 186,501[c][47]
NZ: 137,500[c][34]

145 million[184]

Justin Bieber
Canada
United States
2008–present[185]
2009[185]
Pop / Teen pop, Dance pop[185]
7002146500000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 146.5 million

US: 100.5 million[11]
JPN: 750,000 [12][52]
UK: 17.885 million[13]
GER: 3.5 million[14]
FRA: 1.098[16]
CAN: 5.7 million[17]
AUS: 4.725 million[18]
ITA: 1.845 million[20]
BRA: 810,000[21]
SWE: 2.020 million[22][57]
SPA: 880,000[23]
MEX: 2.970 million[43][98]
BEL: 450,000[27]
DEN: 2.250 million[61]
POL: 370,000[33]
AUT: 140,000[32]
NZ: 615,000[34]

140 million[186]

Bruno Mars
United States
2004–present[187]
2010[187]
Pop rock / R&B[187]
7002123300000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 123.3 million

US: 87.5 million[11]
JPN: 1.2 million[12][52]
UK: 14.3 million[13]
GER: 3.4 million[14]
FRA: 1.950 million[16]
CAN: 5.240 million[17]
AUS: 5.110 million[18]
ITA: 710,000[c][20]
SWE: 440,000[22][57]
SPA: 470,000[23]
MEX: 810,000[43][160]
SWI: 405,000[25]
BEL: 360,000[27]
DEN: 375,000[c][61][188]
AUT: 180,000[32]
NZ: 562,500[34]
PHL: 330,000[189]

130 million[190]

Kanye West
United States
1996–present[191]
2004[191]
Hip-hop / Electronic / Pop rock[191]
7002108000000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 108 million

US: 92.750 million[11]
JPN: 100,000[192]
UK: 10.880 million[13]
GER: 300,000[14]
CAN: 1.180 million[17]
AUS: 2.135 million[18]
ITA: 145,000[c][20]
SWE: 160,000[57]
DEN: 424,000[60][61][69][193]

121 million[194]

Bruce Springsteen
United States
1972–present[195]
1973[195]
Rock[195]
7002101500000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 101.5 million

US: 76.150 million[11]
JPN: 400,000[c][12]
UK: 7.145 million[13]
GER: 4.325 million[c][14]
FRA: 1.887 million[15][16][53]
CAN: 3.2 million[c][17]
AUS: 3.362 million[c][18]
ITA: 575,000[c][20]
BRA: 100,000[c][21]
SWE: 810,000[c][22][57]
SPA: 1.730 million[c][23][24][41][42][58]
SWI: 400,000[c][25]
DEN: 155,000[c][59][61][69][196]
AUT: 290,000[c][32]
FIN: 449,800[47]
IRE: 189,500[c][102]
NZ: 375,000[34][35]

120 million[197]

Bee Gees
United Kingdom
Australia[198][199]
1963–2003
2009–2012[200]
1963[200]
Pop / Disco[200]
7001684000000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 68.4 million

US: 42.5 million[11]
JPN: 300,000[c][12][201][202]
UK: 9.125 million[c][13]
GER: 6.675 million[c][14]
FRA: 3.4 million[c][15][16][53]
CAN: 3.215 million[c][17]
AUS: 1.187 million[c][18]
BRA: 350,000[c][21]
SPA: 450,000[c][24][41][58]
SWI: 415,000[c][25]
ARG: 188,000[c][28][29]
AUT: 125,000[c][32]
POL: 100,000[c][33]
NZ: 380,000[c][34][35]

120 million[203]

text: 100 million to 119 million records

text:
Katy Perry

Adele

Lady Gaga

Jay-Z

Metallica

Lil Wayne

B'z

text:
Artist
Country / Market
Period active
Release-year of first charted record
Genre
Total certified units
(from available markets)[c]
Claimed sales

Lady Gaga
United States
2005–present[204]
2008[204]
Pop / Dance / Electronic[204]
7002100300000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 100.3 million

US: 69.5 million[11]
JPN: 5.4 million[12][52]
UK: 10.985 million[13]
GER: 2.9 million[14]
FRA: 1.647 million[16]
CAN: 2.4 million[17]
AUS: 2.890 million[18]
ITA: 840,000[c][20]
BRA: 470,000[21]
SWE: 680,000[22][57]
SPA: 410,000[23]
MEX: 420,000[43][98][160]
SWI: 445,000[25]
BEL: 270,000[27]
DEN: 340,000[60][61][101]
AUT: 182,500[32]
POL: 130,000[33]
IRE: 165,000[102]
NZ: 277,500[34][35]

114 million[205]

Metallica
United States
1981–present[206]
1983[206]
Heavy metal / Thrash metal[206]
7001945000000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 94.5 million

US: 73.3 million[11]
JPN: 900,000[c][12]
UK: 3.535 million[13]
GER: 3.525 million[14]
FRA: 940,000[15][16]
CAN: 3.805 million[17]
AUS: 2.637 million[c][18][19][207]
ITA: 180,000[c][20]
BRA: 380,000[c][21]
SWE: 675,000[c][22]
SPA: 420,000[23][42][58]
MEX: 430,000[c][43][98]
SWI: 560,000[c][25]
BEL: 335,000[c][26][27]
DEN: 180,000[61][60]
ARG: 874,000[28][29]
AUT: 340,000[c][32]
POL: 735,000[c][33]
FIN: 530,676[47]
NZ: 315,000[34][35]

110 million[208]

Katy Perry
United States
2001–present[209]
2008[209]
Pop[209]
7002136500000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 136.5 million

US: 104 million[11]
JPN: 400,000[12][52]
UK: 13.010 million[13]
GER: 2.750 million[14]
FRA: 867,000[16]
CAN: 6.160 million[17]
AUS: 5.125 million[18]
ITA: 780,000[c][20]
BRA: 625,000[21]
SWE: 600,000[22][57]
SPA: 180,000[23]
MEX: 900,000[43][98]
SWI: 160,000[25]
BEL: 135,000[27]
DEN: 235,000[59][61]
AUT: 247,500[32]
NZ: 360,000[34][35]

100 million[210]

Adele
United Kingdom
2006–present[211]
2008[211]
Pop, soul[211]
7002105200000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 105.2 million

US: 61 million[11]
JPN: 100,000[12]
UK: 20.850 million[13]
GER: 4.7 million[14]
CAN: 6.120 million[17]
AUS: 3.955 million[18]
ITA: 1.570 million[c][20]
BRA: 1.310 million[21]
SWE: 240,000[22][57]
SPA: 800,000[23]
MEX: 1.490 million[43]
SWI: 510,000[25]
BEL: 795,000[27]
DEN: 767,500[59][61]
POL: 300,000[c][33]
FIN: 151,639[47]
NZ: 577,500[34]

100 million[212]

Jay-Z
United States
1996–present[213]
1996[213]
Hip-hop[213]
7002100100000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 100.1 million

US: 84.7 million[11]
JPN: 1.050 million[52]
UK: 9.320 million[13]
GER: 1.550 million[14]
FRA: 400,000[16]
CAN: 1.6 million[17]
AUS: 1.260[18]
ITA: 180,000[c][20]
SWE: 130,000[22][57]

100 million[214]

Lil Wayne
United States
1996–present[215]
1999[215]
Hip-hop[215]
7001908000000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 90.8 million

US: 87.7 million[11]
UK: 2.260 million[13]
CAN: 280,000[17]
AUS: 630,000[18]

100 million[216]

B'z
Japan
1988–present[217]
1988[217]
Rock / Pop rock / Hard rock[217]
7001857000000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 85.7 million

JPN: 85.75 million[c][12][52][110]

100 million[218]

Bon Jovi
United States
1983–present[219]
1983[219]
Hard rock / Glam metal[219]
7001841009999900000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 84.1 million

US: 49.9 million[11]
JPN: 4.400 million[c][12][52]
UK: 9.490 million[13]
GER: 5.650 million[14]
FRA: 825,000[15][16][53]
CAN: 4.735 million[17]
AUS: 3.030 million[c][18][220][221]
ITA: 135,000[c][20]
BRA: 435,000[c][21]
SWE: 365,000[c][22][57]
SPA: 1.620 million[23][24][41][42][58]
MEX: 250,000[c][43]
SWI: 1.275 million[c][25]
AUT: 725,000[c][32]
BEL: 165,000[c][26][27]
ARG: 358,000[28][29]
POL: 110,000[c][33]
FIN: 422,500[47]
NZ: 210,000[34][35]

100 million[222]

Linkin Park
United States
1996–present[223]
2000[223]
Alternative rock / Nu metal / Rap rock[223]
7001826009999900000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 82.6 million

US: 61.6 million[11]
JPN: 1.550 million[12][52]
UK: 6.405 million[13]
GER: 5.850 million[14]
FRA: 1.025[16]
CAN: 1.330 million[17]
AUS: 1.485 million[18]
ITA: 615,000[c][20]
BRA: 595,000[21]
SWE: 165,000[22][57]
SPA: 175,000[23]
MEX: 225,000[43]
SWI: 435,000[25]
BEL: 140,000[27]
DEN: 175,000[59][61]
AUT: 252,500[32]
POL: 220,000[33]
FIN: 120,469[47]
NZ: 252,500[34][35]

100 million[224]

Beyoncé
United States
1997–present[225]
2002[225][226]
R&B / Pop[225]
7001812000000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 81.2 million

US: 56.150 million[11]
JPN: 1.7 million [12][52]
UK: 14.145 million[13]
GER: 1.550 million[14]
FRA: 560,000[16][84]
CAN: 1.395 million[17]
AUS: 2.975 million[18]
ITA: 260,000[c][20]
BRA: 390,000[21]
SWE: 120,000[22][57]
SPA: 1.030 million[c][23][227]
MEX: 110,000[43]
SWI: 165,000[25]
BEL: 115,000[27]
DEN: 312,500[60][61][69][101][228][229]
POL: 100,000[33]
NZ: 210,000[34][35]

100 million[230]

Britney Spears
United States
1998–present[231]
1998[231]
Pop / Dance / Dance-pop[231]
7001803000000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 80.3 million

US: 45.7 million[11]
JPN: 2.1 million[12][132]
UK: 10.350 million[13]
GER: 5.050 million[14]
FRA: 3.732 million[15][16][53]
CAN: 3.680 million[17]
AUS: 3.165 million[18]
ITA: 175,000[c][20]
BRA: 380,000[21]
SWE: 1.010 million[22][57]
SPA: 990,000[23][42][58]
MEX: 1.175 million[c][43]
SWI: 485,000[25]
AUT: 365,000[32]
BEL: 935,000[26][27]
ARG: 248,000[28][29]
DEN: 187,500[c][59][60][232][233]
POL: 210,000[33]
FIN: 143,627[47]
NZ: 240,000[34][35]

100 million[234]

Coldplay
United Kingdom
1996–present[235]
1999[235]
Alternative rock, Pop rock, Pop[235]
7001801009999900000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 80.1 million

US: 29.6 million[11]
JPN: 750,000[12][52]
UK: 25.185 million[13]
GER: 4.150 million[14]
FRA: 3.013[16]
CAN: 3.525 million[17]
AUS: 3.725 million[18]
ITA: 2.685 million[c][20]
BRA: 340,000[21]
SWE: 670,000[22][57]
SPA: 1.030 million[23]
MEX: 1.890 million[43][98]
SWI: 510,000[25]
BEL: 765,000[27]
ARG: 528,000[28][29]
DEN: 804,000[59][61]
AUT: 197,500[32]
POL: 240,000[c][33]
IRE: 210,000[c][102]
NZ: 345,000[34]

100 million[236]

Rod Stewart
United Kingdom
1964–present[237]
1969[237]
Rock / Pop[237]
7001781009999900000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 78.1 million

US: 43.650 million[11]
JPN: 450,000[c][12]
UK: 18.630 million[c][13]
GER: 3.8 million[c][14]
FRA: 1.8 million[c][15][16][53]
CAN: 4.055 million[c][17]
AUS: 2.610 million[c][18][19]
BRA: 980,000[c][21]
SWE: 440,000[c][22]
SPA: 290,000[c][23][24][41]
SWI: 100,000[c][25]
ARG: 524,000[c][28][29]
AUT: 100,000[c][32]
POL: 220,000[c][33]
IRE: 195,000[c][102]
NZ: 280,000[c][34][35]

100 million[238]

Fleetwood Mac
United Kingdom
United States
1967–present[239]
1968[239]
Rock / Pop[239]
7001767000000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 76.7 million

US: 51.250 million[11]
UK: 14.185 million[c][13]
GER: 3.5 million[c][14]
FRA: 800,000[c][15][16]
AUS: 2.767 million[c][18][19]
CAN: 2.950 million[c][17]
SPA: 300,000[c][42][58]
SWI: 100,000[c][25]
BEL: 100,000[c][27]
NZ: 572,500[c][35][240][241]

100 million[242]

Guns N' Roses
United States
1985–present[243]
1987[243]
Hard rock / Heavy metal[243]
7001745000000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 74.5 million

US: 48.5 million[11]
JPN: 1.7 million[c][12]
UK: 6.350 million[13]
GER: 4.1 million[14]
FRA: 1 million[16]
CAN: 3.520 million[17]
AUS: 2.410[c][18][19][166]
ITA: 685,000[c][20]
BRA: 1.9 million[c][21]
SWE: 485,000[22]
SPA: 450,000[23][24][41]
MEX: 760,000[c][43]
SWI: 365,000[c][25]
BEL: 165,000[c][26][27]
ARG: 1.248 million[c][28][29]
AUT: 365,000[32]
POL: 160,000[c][33]
IRE: 105,000[c][102]
NZ: 270,000[34][35]

100 million[244]

George Strait
United States
1981–present[245]
1984[245]
Country[245]
7001728000000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 72.8 million

US: 72.150 million[11]
CAN: 705,000[17]

100 million[246]

Backstreet Boys
United States
1993–present[247]
1995[247]
Pop[247]
7001720000000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 72 million

US: 41.5 million[11]
JPN: 5.4 million[12][52][248]
UK: 4.875 million[13]
GER: 7 million[14]
FRA: 325,000[15][16]
CAN: 3.430 million[17]
AUS: 1.4 million[c][18]
BRA: 1.625 million[21]
SWE: 655,000[22]
SPA: 1.850 million[42][58]
MEX: 1.475 million[c][43]
SWI: 415,000[25]
BEL: 425,000[c][26][27]
ARG: 740,000[28]
AUT: 325,000[32]
POL: 300,000[33]
FIN: 171,390[47]
NZ: 132,500[34]

100 million[249]

Neil Diamond
United States
1966–present[250]
1966[250]
Pop / Rock[250]
7001686009999900000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 68.6 million

US: 55.9 million[11]
UK: 7.330 million[c][13]
GER: 1 million[c][14]
FRA: 400,000[c][15]
CAN: 1.725 million[c][17]
AUS: 2.085 million[c][18][251]
SPA: 100,000[c][41]
NZ: 127,500[c][34][35]

100 million[252]

Santana
United States
1966–present[253]
1969[253]
Rock[253]
7001645999999900000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 64.6 million

US: 50.295 million[11]
JPN: 400,000[c][12]
UK: 2.980 million[c][13]
GER: 2.4 million[c][14]
FRA: 3.510 million[c][15][16][53]
CAN: 1.660 million[c][17]
AUS: 855,000[c][18]
BRA: 375,000[c][21]
SWE: 125,000[c][22]
SPA: 450,000[c][42][58]
MEX: 405,000[c][43]
SWI: 375,000[c][25]
BEL: 190,000[c][26][27]
ARG: 158,000[c][28][29]
AUT: 145,000[c][32]
POL: 205,000[c][33]
NZ: 135,000[c][34][35]

100 million[254]

Prince
United States
1976–2016[255]
1978[255]
Funk / R&B / Pop / Soul / Rock[255]
7001642000000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 64.2 million

US: 48.950 million[11]
JPN: 300,000[c][12]
UK: 7.045 million[13]
GER: 2.4 million[14]
FRA: 2.110 million[15][16]
CAN: 1 million[17]
AUS: 1.120[c][18][19]
SWE: 100,000[22]
SPA: 700,000[c][24][41][42][58]
SWI: 250,000[c][25]
AUT: 125,000[c][32]
NZ: 177,500[c][34]

100 million[256]

Kenny Rogers
United States
1958–present[257]
1975[257]
Country / Pop[257]
7001601000000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 61.4 million

US: 54.050 million[11]
JPN: 100,000[c][258]
UK: 2.520 million[13]
CAN: 4.6 million[17]
AUS: 100,000[c][259][260]
SPA: 100,000[c][41]

100 million[261]

Paul McCartney
United Kingdom
1960–present[262]
1970[262]
Rock[262]
7001606000000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 60.6 million

US: 41.450 million[11]
JPN: 500,000[c][12]
UK: 12.425 million[c][13]
GER: 1.525 million[c][14]
FRA: 1.305 million[c][15][16][53]
CAN: 1.955 million[c][17]
AUS: 465,000[c][18][19]
SWE: 210,000[c][57][263]
SPA: 640,000[c][24][41]
DEN: 210,000[c][60][264]

100 million[265]

Simon & Garfunkel
United States
1956–present[266]
1964[266]
Folk rock[266]
7001589000000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 58.9 million

US: 42.6 million[11]
JPN: 700,000[c][12]
UK: 6.620 million[c][13]
GER: 2.325 million[c][14]
FRA: 3.9 million[c][15]
CAN: 1.425 million[c][17]
AUS: 390,000[c][18][19]
ITA: 100,000[c][20]
SWE: 150,000[c][22]
SWI: 450,000[c][25]
AUT: 100,000[c][32]
FIN: 163,350[c][47]

100 million[267]

Janet Jackson
United States
1982–present[268]
1982[268]
R&B / Pop[268]
7001521000000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 52.1 million

US: 39.750 million[11]
JPN: 1.6 million [c][12]
UK: 4.760 million[13]
GER: 1.4 million[14]
FRA: 1.475 million[15][16][53]
CAN: 1.460 million[17]
AUS: 1.155[c][18][19]
SWE: 105,000[c][22]
SPA: 150,000[42][58]
SWI: 170,000[c][25]
BEL: 125,000[c][26]

100 million[269]

Julio Iglesias
Spain
1968–present[270]
1968[270]
Latin[270]
7001510000000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 51 million

US: 11 million[11]
JPN: 800,000[c][271]
UK: 1.620 million[c][13][271]
GER: 250,000[c][14]
FRA: 6.1 million[15][16][53][271]
CAN: 1.5 million[17]
AUS: 505,000[c][18][271]
ITA: 400,000[c][20][271]
NLD:950,000[c][271]
BRA: 12.475 million[c][21][271]
SWE: 290,000[c][22][271]
SPA: 8.7 million[c][23][24][41][42][58][271]
MEX: 2.975 million[c][43][271]
BEL: 125,000[c][271]
ARG: 3.220 million[c][28][271]
FIN: 131,636[c][47]

100 million[272]

Chicago
United States
1967–present[273]
1969[273]
Rock / Pop[273]
7001483000000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 48.3 million

US: 44.150 million[11]
JPN: 400,000[c][12][274]
UK: 1.490 million[c][13]
GER: 250,000[c][14]
FRA: 100,000[c][15]
CAN: 1.865 million[17]
SPA: 100,000[c][24]

100 million[275]

Bob Dylan
United States
1959–present[276]
1963[276]
Folk / Rock[276]
7001453000000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 45.3 million

US: 35.6 million[11]
UK: 6.025 million[c][13]
GER: 625,000[c][14]
FRA: 800,000[c][15][16]
CAN: 1.5 million[c][17]
AUS: 480,000[c][18]
SWI: 175,000[c][25]
NZ: 105,000[c][34]

100 million[277]

Dire Straits
United Kingdom
1977–1995[278]
1978[278]
Rock [278]
7001451000000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 45.1 million

US: 15.5 million[11]
UK: 11.5 million[13]
GER: 3.750 million[14]
FRA: 5.3 million[15][16]
CAN: 2.575 million[17]
AUS: 2.190 million[c][18][19]
ITA: 385,000[c][20]
BRA: 175,000[c][21]
SWE: 360,000[c][22]
SPA: 1.380 million[c][23][24][41][42]
SWI: 1 million[c][25]
BEL: 100,000[c][26][27]
AUT: 300,000[c][32]
FIN: 471,530[47]
NZ: 155,000[c][35]

100 million[279]

Def Leppard
United Kingdom
1977–present[280]
1979[280]
Hard rock / Heavy metal[280]
7001418009999900000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 41.8 million

US: 35.650 million[11]
JPN: 300,000[c][12]
UK: 1.960 million[13]
FRA: 200,000[15]
CAN: 2.995 million[17]
AUS: 385,000[19][281]
SWE: 150,000[c][22]
MEX: 200,000[c][43]
SWI: 125,000[c][25]

100 million[282]

Cher
United States
1964–present[283]
1965[283]
Pop / Rock / Dance / Folk[283]
7001409000000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 40.9 million

US: 21.9 million[11]
JPN: 100,000[c][12]
UK: 6.450 million[c][13]
GER: 4.175 million[c][14]
FRA: 1.525 million[c][16][53]
CAN: 1.340 million[c][17]
AUS: 1.530 million[c][18][284]
ITA: 300,000[c][285]
NLD: 375,000[c][286][287][288]
BRA: 125,000[c][21]
SWE: 850,000[c][22][57]
SPA: 600,000[c][42][58][285]
MEX: 200,000[c][43]
SWI: 295,000[c][25]
BEL: 275,000[c][26]
ARG: 106,000[c][28][271]
DEN: 300,000[c][285][289]
AUT: 250,000[c][32]
POL: 100,000[c][33]
NZ: 150,000[34][290]

100 million[291]

Genesis
United Kingdom
1967–1999
2006–present[292]
1969[292]
Progressive rock / Pop rock[292]
7001399000000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 39.9 million

US: 21.650 million[11]
JPN: 100,000[c][12]
UK: 7.325 million[c][13]
GER: 5.875 million[c][14]
FRA: 3.460 million[c][15][16]
CAN: 805,000[c][17]
SWE: 100,000[c][22]
SPA: 250,000[c][23][24][41]
SWI: 400,000[c][25]

100 million[293]

Olivia Newton-John
Australia
1966–present[294]
1966[294]
Pop[294]
7001357000000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 35.7 million

US: 27 million[11]
JPN: 100,000[c][12]
UK: 3.950 million[c][13]
GER: 250,000[c][14]
FRA: 1 million[53]
CAN: 3.025 million[c][17]
AUS: 450,000[c][18][19][295]

100 million[296]

James Taylor
United States
1968–present[297]
1970[297]
Rock / Pop[297]
7001355000000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 35.5 million

US: 34.650 million[11]
UK: 655,000[c][13]
CAN: 100,000[c][17]
AUS: 100,000[c][18]

100 million[298]

Stevie Wonder
United States
1961–present[299]
1962[299]
Funk / R&B / Soul[299]
7001346000000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 34.6 million

US: 21.650 million[11]
JPN: 1.050 million[c][12]
UK: 8.285 million[c][13]
GER: 500,000[c][14]
FRA: 1.4 million[c][15][53]
CAN: 1.550 million[17]
SPA: 250,000[c][41]

100 million[300]

David Bowie
United Kingdom
1962–2016[301]
1967[301]
Art rock / Glam rock / Pop[301]
7001333009999900000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 33.3 million

US: 13.7 million[11]
JPN: 200,000[c][12]
UK: 12.895 million[c][13]
GER: 525,000[c][14]
FRA: 2.380 million[c][15][16][53]
CAN: 2.315 million[c][17]
AUS: 635,000[c][18][77]
ITA: 345,000[c][20]
SPA: 170,000[c][23][24][41]
NZ: 142,500[c][34]

100 million[302]

Tina Turner
United States
1955–present[303]
1975[303]
Rock / Pop[303]
7001328009999900000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 32.8 million

US: 12.7 million[11]
UK: 8.145 million[13]
GER: 6.050 million[14]
FRA: 1.135 million[15][16][53]
CAN: 1.560 million[17]
AUS: 480,000[c][18][19]
SWE: 330,000[c][22]
SPA: 700,000[c][23][24][41][42]
SWI: 565,000[c][25]
BEL: 190,000[c][26][27]
AUT: 630,000[c][32]
POL: 120,000[c][33]
FIN: 241,954[47]

100 million[304]

Linda Ronstadt
United States
1967–present[305]
1968[305]
Rock / Folk / Country[305]
7001325000000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 32.5 million

US: 31.5 million[11]
UK: 435,000[c][13]
FRA: 100,000[c][15]
CAN: 500,000[c][17]

100 million[306]

Donna Summer
United States
1968–2012[307]
1974[307]
Pop / Disco / R&B[307]
7001308000000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 30.8 million

US: 24.5 million[11]
UK: 3.735 million[c][13]
FRA: 900,000[c][15][16]
CAN: 1.550 million[c][17]
BRA: 100,000[c][21]
SPA: 100,000[c][42]

100 million[308]

The Beach Boys
United States
1961–present[309]
1962[309]
Rock / Pop / Surf Rock[309]
7001305000000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 30.5 million

US: 25.6 million[11]
UK: 3.410 million[c][13]
GER: 250,000[c][14]
FRA: 400,000[c][15][16][53]
CAN: 100,000[c][17]
AUS: 492,500[c][18][19]
SPA: 250,000[c][41][42]

100 million[310]

The Who
United Kingdom
1964–present[311]
1965[311]
Rock / Hard rock[311]
7001269000000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 26.9 million

US: 22.150 million[11]
UK: 3.905 million[c][13]
FRA: 300,000[c][15]
CAN: 425,000[c][17]
ITA: 125,000[c][20]

100 million[312]

Barry White
United States
1972–2003[313]
1973[313]
R&B / Soul[313]
7001217000000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 21.7 million

US: 16.5 million[11]
UK: 3.665 million[c][13]
FRA: 1.1 million[c][15][16]
CAN: 150,000[c][17]
SPA: 200,000[c][58]
BEL: 150,000[c][27]

100 million[314]

text: 80 million to 99 million records

text:
Chris Brown

Shania Twain

Nicki Minaj

Flo Rida

Pink

Ayumi Hamasaki

Van Halen

text:
Artist
Country / Market
Period active
Release-year of first charted record
Genre
Total certified units
(from available markets)[c]
Claimed sales

Shania Twain
Canada
1993–present[315]
1993[315]
Country pop[315]
7001759000000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 75.9 million

US: 54.5 million[11]
JPN: 300,000[12]
UK: 6.795 million[13]
GER: 1.750 million[14]
FRA: 975,000[16][53]
CAN: 6.880 million[17]
AUS: 2.360 million[c][18]
BRA: 475,000[21]
SWE: 330,000[22]
SPA: 100,000[58]
MEX: 100,000[c][43]
SWI: 310,000[25]
BEL: 250,000[c][26][27]
ARG: 120,000[28]
DEN: 210,000[c][59][61]
AUT: 115,000[32]
NZ: 402,500[34][35]

90 million[316]

Pink
United States
1995–present[317]
2000[317]
Pop, Pop rock, R&B[317]
7001665000000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 66.5 million

US: 30.225 million[11]
JPN: 400,000[12]
UK: 13.375 million[13]
GER: 5.725 million[14]
FRA: 1.198 million[16][53]
CAN: 4.130 million[17]
AUS: 8.225 million[18]
ITA: 425,000[c][20]
SWE: 530,000[22]
MEX: 360,000[43]
SWI: 545,000[25]
BEL: 235,000[27]
DEN: 281,500[59][61]
AUT: 417,500[32]
NZ: 450,000[34][35]

90 million[318]

The Carpenters
United States
1969–1983[319]
1969[319]
Pop[319]
7001460000000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 46 million

US: 34.6 million[11]
JPN: 2.9 million[c][12][123][320]
UK: 7.950 million[c][13]
GER: 250,000[c][14]
CAN: 275,000[c][17]
BRA: 100,000[c][21]

90 million[321]

Lionel Richie
United States
1968–present[322]
1981[322]
Pop / R&B[322]
7001404000000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 40.4 million

US: 28.650 million[11]
UK: 6.355 million[c][13]
GER: 1.050 million[c][14]
FRA: 1.4 million[c][15][16]
CAN: 2.380 million[c][17]
AUS: 260,000[c][18][323]
BRA: 100,000[c][21]
SPA: 150,000[24][41]
SWI: 145,000[c][25]

90 million[324]

Earth, Wind & Fire
United States
1969–present[325]
1971[325]
Funk / R&B / Soul[325]
7001358009999900000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 35.8 million

US: 31.8 million[11]
JPN: 500,000[c][12][326][327]
UK: 2.725 million[13]
FRA: 500,000[15][16]
CAN: 360,000[17]

90 million[328]

Johnny Cash
United States
1954–2003[329]
1956[329]
Country/ Rock and roll/ Gospel[329]
7001308000000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 30.8 million

US: 25.7 million[11]
UK: 3.710 million[c][13]
GER: 400,000[c][14]
CAN: 490,000[c][17]
AUS: 522,500[c][18]

90 million[330]

Justin Timberlake
United States
1992–present[331]
2002[331]
Pop, R&B, Neo soul[331]
7001640000000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 64 million

US: 43.2 million[11]
JPN: 100,000[12]
UK: 10.920 million[13]
GER: 2.550 million[14]
FRA: 578,000[16][53]
CAN: 2.480 million[17]
AUS: 2.275 million[18]
ITA: 270,000[c][20]
SWE: 210,000[22]
SPA: 120,000[58]
MEX: 330,000[43]
SWI: 230,000[25]
BEL: 255,000[27]
DEN: 295,000[59][61]
NZ: 170,000[34]

88 million[332]

Chris Brown
United States
2005–present[333]
2005[333]
Pop / R&B, Hip hop [333]
7001981000000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 98.1 million

US: 83.550 million[11]
JPN: 300,000[52]
UK: 8.980 million[13]
GER: 450,000[14]
CAN: 770,000[17]
AUS: 2.520 million[18]
ITA: 140,000[20]
BRA: 570,000[21]
SWE: 310,000[57]
MEX: 150,000[43]
DEN: 152,500[61]
NZ: 215,000[34]

86 million[334]

Nicki Minaj
United States
2008–present[335]
2010[335]
Hip hop, Pop[335]
7001752000000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 75.2 million

US: 60.5 million[11]
JPN: 350,000[52]
UK: 7.7 million[13]
GER: 1 million[14]
FRA: 566,000[16]
CAN: 480,000[17]
AUS: 2.835 million[18]
ITA: 425,000[20]
BRA: 250,000[21]
SWE: 340,000[22][57]
SPA: 180,000[23]
MEX: 150,000[43][98]
SWI: 120,000[25]
DEN: 175,000[61]
NZ: 202,500[34]

85 million[336]

R.E.M.
United States
1980–2011[337]
1983[337]
Alternative rock[337]
7001426000000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 42.6 million

US: 21.150 million[11]
UK: 8.765 million[13]
GER: 4.275 million[14]
FRA: 1.450 million[15][16]
CAN: 2.650 million[17]
AUS: 1.030[c][18][19]
ITA: 175,000[c][20]
BRA: 100,000[c][21]
SWE: 500,000[c][22]
SPA: 1.1 million[23][24][42][58]
SWI: 450,000[c][25]
BEL: 108,000[c][26][27]
ARG: 158,000[c][28][29]
DEN: 155,000[c][59][60]
AUT: 350,000[c][32]
IRE: 127,500[c][102]
NZ: 105,000[34]

85 million[338]

Flo Rida
United States
2007–present[339]
2007[339]
Hip-hop, Hip house, EDM[339]
7001700000000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 70 million

US: 49 million[11]
JPN: 650,000[c][12][52]
UK: 7.960 million[13]
GER: 3 million[14]
FRA: 225,000[16]
CAN: 3.090 million[17]
AUS: 3.535 million[c][18]
ITA: 330,000[c][20]
SWE: 780,000[22]
SPA: 140,000[58]
MEX: 330,000[c][43]
SWI: 420,000[25]
DEN: 205,000[c][61]
AUT: 180,000[32]
NZ: 247,500[34][35]

80 million[340]

Ayumi Hamasaki
Japan
1998–present[341]
1998[341]
J-pop / Pop / dance / electronic[341]
7001643000000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 64.3 million

JPN: 64.3 million[12][52][110]

80 million[342][343]

Van Halen
United States
1978–present[344]
1978[344]
Hard rock / Heavy metal[344]
7001643000000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 64.3 million

US: 57.8 million[11]
JPN: 1.3 million[c][12][132]
UK: 740,000[13]
GER: 1.5 million[14]
FRA: 400,000[15]
CAN: 2.450 million[17]
BRA: 200,000[c][21]

80 million[345]

Red Hot Chili Peppers
United States
1983–present[346]
1987[346]
Funk rock / Alternative rock[346]
7001583000000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 58.3 million

US: 32.250 million[11]
JPN: 2.6 million[c][12][52]
UK: 10.395 million[13]
GER: 2.650 million[14]
FRA: 1.420 million[16]
CAN: 2.020 million[17]
AUS: 2.625 million[c][18][19][347]
ITA: 530,000[c][20]
BRA: 515,000[c][21]
SWE: 390,000[c][22]
SPA: 640,000[23][42][58]
MEX: 150,000[c][43]
SWI: 405,000[c][25]
BEL: 170,000[c][27]
ARG: 406,000[28][29]
DEN: 227,000[c][59][60][69][348]
AUT: 247,500[c][32]
POL: 245,000[c][33]
FIN: 171,951[47]
NZ: 285,000[34][35]

80 million[349]

Foreigner
United States
United Kingdom
1976–present[350]
1977[350]
Rock / Hard Rock[350]
7001496000000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 49.6 million

US: 45.1 million[11]
UK: 1.300 million[13]
GER: 1.5 million[14]
FRA: 400,000[15][16]
CAN: 700,000[17]
AUS: 105,000[c][18]
SWI: 125,000[c][25]

80 million[351]

The Doors
United States
1965–1973[352]
1967[352]
Psychedelic rock[352]
7001469000000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 46.9 million

US: 36.6 million[11]
UK: 2.040 million[c][13]
GER: 1.750 million[c][14]
FRA: 1.9 million[c][15][16]
CAN: 2.780 million[c][17]
AUS: 1.022 million[c][18]
ITA: 130,000[c][20]
BRA: 100,000[21]
SPA: 300,000[c][41][58]
SWI: 125,000[c][25]
ARG: 150,000[c][28]
AUT: 100,000[c][32]

80 million[353]

George Michael
United Kingdom
1981–2016[354]
1984[354]
Pop[354]
7001468000000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 46.8 million

US: 20.8 million[11]
JPN: 300,000[c][12]
UK: 12.850 million[13]
GER: 2.4 million[14]
FRA: 3.217 million[15][16][53]
CAN: 1.870 million[17]
AUS: 2.205 million[c][18][19]
BRA: 350,000[c][21]
SWE: 310,000[c][22]
SPA: 850,000[23][24][41][42][58]
SWI: 335,000[c][25]
BEL: 215,000[c][26][27]
ARG: 118,000[28][29]
DEN: 380,000[59][61][69][355]
AUT: 140,000[c][32]
POL: 340,000[c][33]
NZ: 140,000[34][35]

80 million[356]

Reba McEntire
United States
1975–present[357]
1987[357]
Country / Country Pop[357]
7001427000000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 42.7 million

US: 41.9 million[11]
CAN: 850,000[17]

80 million[358]

Meat Loaf
United States
1968–present[359]
1977[359]
Rock / Hard rock[359]
7001418009999900000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 41.8 million

US: 23.6 million[11]
UK: 9.665 million[13]
GER: 2.350 million[14]
CAN: 3.380 million[17]
AUS: 2.522 million[c][18][19]
SWE: 100,000[c][22]
SWI: 115,000[c][25]
AUT: 100,000[c][32]

80 million[360]

Tom Petty
United States
1976–2017[361]
1977[361]
Rock[361]
7001346000000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 34.6 million

US: 31.250 million[11]
UK: 1 million[13]
GER: 500,000[14]
CAN: 1.7 million[17]
SWE: 200,000[c][22]

80 million[362]

Johnny Hallyday
France
1957–2017[363]
1960[363]
Rock / Pop[363]
7001249000000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 24.9 million

FRA: 24.205 million[c][15][16][53][84][364]
SWI: 268,000[c][25]
BEL: 460,000[c][26][27]

80 million[365]

text: 75 million to 79 million records

text:
Ed Sheeran

Journey

Maroon 5

The Black Eyed Peas

Usher

Kenny G

Tupac Shakur

text:
Artist
Country / Market
Period active
Release-year of first charted record
Genre
Total certified units
(from available markets)[c]
Claimed sales

Ed Sheeran
United Kingdom
2004–present[366]
2011[366]
Pop / Folk pop [366]
7002108300000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 108.3 million

US: 54 million[11]
JPN: 350,000[12][52]
UK: 23.060 million[13]
GER: 6.8 million[14]
FRA: 1.691 million[16]
CAN: 6.240 million[17]
AUS: 6.860 million[18]
ITA: 2.310 million[20]
SWE: 1.360 million[57]
SPA: 730,000[23]
MEX: 180,000[43]
SWI: 475,000[25]
BEL: 540,000[27]
DEN: 2.070 million[61]
AUT: 340,000[32]
POL: 360,000[33]
NZ: 985,000[34]

76 million[367]

The Black Eyed Peas
United States
1995–present[368]
1998[368]
Hip-hop / R&B / Dance[368]
7001556000000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 55.6 million

US: 29.4 million[11]
JPN: 1.250 million[12][52]
UK: 10.8 million[13]
GER: 2.250 million[14]
FRA: 2.650 million[16]
CAN: 2.7 million[17]
AUS: 3.270 million[18]
ITA: 365,000[c][20]
BRA: 255,000[21]
SWE: 300,000[22][57]
SPA: 460,000[c][23]
MEX: 390,000[c][43]
SWI: 460,000[25]
BEL: 460,000[27]
DEN: 161,000[c][61][69][101][369][369][370]
IRE: 135,000[c][102]
NZ: 340,000[34][35]

76 million[371]

Journey
United States
1973–present[372]
1975[372]
Rock / Soft rock[372]
7001620000000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 62 million

US: 59.7 million[11]
JPN: 300,000[c][12][373]
UK: 1.360 million[13]
CAN: 725,000[17]

75 million[374]

Maroon 5
United States
1994–present[375]
2002[375]
Pop rock / Funk rock / Dance-pop[375]
7001611000000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 61.1 million

US: 34.7 million[11]
JPN: 2 million[12][52]
UK: 9.360 million[13]
GER: 1.150[14]
FRA: 792,000[16]
CAN: 3.885 million[17]
AUS: 2.975 million[18]
ITA: 760,000[c][20]
BRA: 380,000[21]
SWE: 770,000[22][57]
SPA: 230,000[c][23]
MEX: 3.365[43]
DEN: 462,500[c][61][60][59]
NZ: 300,000[34]

75 million[376]

Usher
United States
1991–present[377]
1994[377]
R&B / Pop[377]
7001550000000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 55 million

US: 40.435 million[11]
JPN: 750,000 [12][52]
UK: 8.525 million[13]
GER: 1.150[14]
FRA: 210,000[16]
CAN: 1.330 million[17]
AUS: 2.112 million[18]
SWE: 105,000[22][57]
SWI: 170,000[25]
DEN: 137,500[c][61][60]
NZ: 150,000[34]

75 million[378]

Kenny G
United States
1982–present[379]
1984[379]
Smooth jazz[379]
7001521000000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 52.1 million

US: 48.1 million[11]
JPN: 700,000[c][12]
UK: 360,000[13]
CAN: 950,000[17]
AUS: 245,000[c][18][181]
BRA: 1.350 million[c][21]
SPA: 450,000[24][42]

75 million[380]

Tupac Shakur
United States
1991–1996[381]
1991[381]
Hip hop[381]
7001513000000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 51.3 million

US: 46.2 million[11]
UK: 3.435 million[13]
GER: 500,000[14]
CAN: 820,000[17]
AUS: 430,000[18][382]

75 million[383]

Robbie Williams
United Kingdom
1990–present[384]
1996[384]
Pop rock[384]
7001508000000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 50.8 million

US: 500,000[11]
UK: 27.550 million[13]
GER: 9.475 million[14]
FRA: 2.695 million[16][53]
CAN: 250,000[17]
AUS: 2.905 million[18]
ITA: 385,000[c][20]
SWE: 445,000[22][57]
SPA: 440,000[c][23][58]
MEX: 1.595 million[c][43]
SWI: 983,000[25]
BEL: 600,000[26][27]
ARG: 462,000[28][29]
DEN: 676,500[c][59][60][61][69][78]
AUT: 917,500[32]
POL: 140,000[33]
FIN: 235,743[47]
IRE: 135,000[c][102]
NZ: 445,000[34]

75 million[385]

Enya
Ireland
1982–present[386]
1987[386]
New-age / Celtic[386]
7001500000000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 50 million

US: 26.5 million[11]
JPN: 4.6 million[c][12]
UK: 5.250 million[13]
GER: 4.2 million[14]
FRA: 775,000[15][16]
CAN: 1.540 million[17]
AUS: 1.505[c][18][19]
BRA: 1.650 million[c][21]
SWE: 390,000[22]
SPA: 1.760 million[23][42]
MEX: 125,000[c][43]
SWI: 370,000[c][25]
BEL: 460,000[c][27]
ARG: 390,000[28]
DEN: 100,000[c][30][387][388][389]
AUT: 185,000[c][32]
POL: 120,000[c][33]
NZ: 135,000[34]

75 million[390]

Alabama
United States
1972–present[391]
1980[391]
Country / Pop rock[391]
7001480000000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 48 million

US: 46.8 million[11]
CAN: 1.2 million[17]

75 million[392]

Nirvana
United States
1987–1994[393]
1989[393]
Grunge / Alternative rock[393]
7001462000000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 46.2 million

US: 26.5 million[11]
JPN: 1.3 million[c][12]
UK: 5.770 million[13]
GER: 1.250 million[14]
FRA: 2.5 million[15][16]
CAN: 2.970 million[17]
AUS: 1.362[c][18][207][394][251][395]
ITA: 600,000[c][20]
BRA: 725,000[c][21]
SWE: 380,000[22]
SPA: 450,000[23][24][42]
MEX: 475,000[c][43]
SWI: 190,000[25]
BEL: 350,000[c][26][27]
ARG: 522,000[28][29]
DEN: 160,000[c][61]
AUT: 230,000[c][32]
POL: 335,000[c][33]
NZ: 215,000[34][35]

75 million[396]

Bryan Adams
Canada
1979–present[397]
1979[397]
Rock[397]
7001446000000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 44.6 million

US: 21 million[11]
JPN: 600,000[c][12]
UK: 8.675 million[13]
GER: 3.850 million[14]
FRA: 650,000[15][16][53]
CAN: 5.120 million[17]
AUS: 2.010 million[c][18][398]
BRA: 100,000[c][21]
SWE: 440,000[c][22]
SPA: 450,000 [c][24][42][58]
SWI: 805,000[c][25]
BEL: 250,000[c][26][27]
DEN: 105,000[c][60][61]
AUT: 375,000[c][32]
FIN: 183,444[47]

75 million[399]

The Police
United Kingdom
1977–1986
2007–2008[400]
1978[400]
Pop / Rock[400]
7001392000000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 39.2 million

US: 23.150 million[11]
JPN: 100,000[c][12]
UK: 8.560 million[13]
GER: 1.775 million[14]
FRA: 3.340 million[15][16][53]
CAN: 875,000[17]
AUS: 407,500[c][18]
ITA: 100,000[c][20]
BRA: 140,000[c][21]
SPA: 300,000[c][24][41]
MEX: 100,000[c][43]
BEL: 115,000[c][401][402][403]
ARG: 228,000[c][28][29]

75 million[404]

Bob Marley
Jamaica
1962–1981[405]
1975[405]
Reggae[405]
7001389000000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 38.9 million

US: 21.850 million[11]
JPN: 200,000[c][12]
UK: 7.4 million[13]
GER: 1.750 million[14]
FRA: 4.735 million[16]
CAN: 600,000[17]
AUS: 350,000[406][407]
ITA: 250,000[c][20]
SWE: 120,000[c][22]
SPA: 450,000[c][24][41][42][58]
SWI: 303,000[c][25]
ARG: 376,000[c][28][29]
AUT: 125,000[c][32]
NZ: 427,500[c][34][35]

75 million[408]

Barry Manilow
United States
1973–present[409]
1973[409]
Pop / Soft rock[409]
7001365000000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 36.5 million

US: 33.3 million[11]
UK: 2.825 million[13]
CAN: 400,000[c][17]

75 million[410]

Kiss
United States
1972–present[411]
1974[411]
Hard rock / Heavy metal[411]
7001278000000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 27.8 million

US: 26 million[11]
CAN: 1.495 million[c][17]
UK: 100,000[13]
AUS: 130,000[c][18]
ARG: 112,000[c][28]

75 million[412]

Aretha Franklin
United States
1956–present[413]
1961[413]
Soul / Jazz / Blues / R&B[413]
7001247000000000000♠
[show]

Total available certified units: 24.7 million

US: 23.5 million[11]
UK: 840,000[c][13]
FRA: 275,000[c][15][16]
CAN: 150,000[c][17]

75 million[414]


document_title: List of Prime Ministers of Canada

question_text: who was prime minister of canada in 2006

text: List of Prime Ministers of Canada

text: Prime ministers[edit]

text:
Abbreviation key:
No.: Incumbent No., Min.: Ministry

Colour key:

  Liberal Party of Canada
  Historical Conservative Party (including Liberal-Conservative, Conservative, Unionist, National Liberal and Conservative, Progressive Conservative)
  Conservative Party of Canada

Provinces key:
AB: Alberta, BC: British Columbia, MB: Manitoba, NS: Nova Scotia, ON: Ontario, QC: Quebec, SK: Saskatchewan

text:
No.
Portrait
Name
(Birth–Death)
District
Term of office
Electoral mandates (Parliaments)
Political party
Min.
Refs

1

Sir John A. Macdonald
(1815–1891)
MP for Kingston, ON
July 1, 1867
–
November 5, 1873

Title created (no parl't)
1867 election (1st Parl't)
1872 election (2nd Parl't)

Liberal-Conservative Party
1st
[2] [5]

Minister of Justice; Integration of Rupert's Land and the North-Western Territory into Canada; Manitoba Act; Red River Rebellion; British Columbia and Prince Edward Island join confederation; Creation of the North-West Mounted Police; Resigned over Pacific Scandal

2

Alexander Mackenzie
(1822–1892)
MP for Lambton, ON
November 7, 1873
–
October 8, 1878

Appointment (2nd Parl't)[Min.]
1874 election (3rd Parl't)

Liberal Party
Named leader in 1873
2nd
[6] [7]

Pacific Scandal; Creation of the Supreme Court; Establishment of the Royal Military College; Created the office of the Auditor General

(1)

Sir John A. Macdonald
(1815–1891)
MP for Victoria, BC until 1882
MP for Carleton, ON until 1887
MP for Kingston, ON
October 17, 1878
–
June 6, 1891

1878 election (4th Parl't)
1882 election (5th Parl't)
1887 election (6th Parl't)
1891 election (7th Parl't)

Liberal-Conservative Party
3rd
[8] [9]

National Policy; Railway to the Pacific; North-West Rebellion; Hanging of Louis Riel. Died in office (stroke).

3

Sir John Abbott
(1821–1893)
Senator for Quebec
June 16, 1891
–
November 24, 1892

Appointment (7th Parl't)

Liberal-Conservative Party
4th
[10] [11]

Minister without Portfolio; Succeeded on Macdonald's death due to objections to the Catholic John Thompson. In ill health; retired. First prime minister born in what would become Canada, and first of only two prime ministers to serve while in the Senate.

4

Sir John Thompson
(1845–1894)
MP for Antigonish, NS
December 5, 1892
–
December 12, 1894

Appointment (7th Parl't)

Liberal-Conservative Party
5th
[12] [13]

Minister of Justice; First Catholic Prime Minister. Manitoba Schools Question. Died in office (heart attack).

5

Sir Mackenzie Bowell
(1823–1917)
Senator for Ontario
December 21, 1894
–
April 27, 1896

Appointment (7th Parl't)

Conservative Party (historical)
6th
[14] [15]

Minister of Customs; Minister of Militia and Defence; Manitoba Schools Question. Last prime minister to serve while in the Senate.

6

Sir Charles Tupper
(1821–1915)
Did not serve in Parliament while Prime Minister
May 1, 1896
–
July 8, 1896

Appointment (no parl't)

Conservative Party (historical)
7th
[16] [17]

Minister of Customs, Minister of Railways and Canals; Oldest Canadian PM. Aimed to defeat Patrons of Industry, but dominated by Manitoba Schools Question. Never sat in parliament as Prime Minister.

7

Sir Wilfrid Laurier
(1841–1919)
MP for Quebec East, QC
July 11, 1896
–
October 6, 1911

1896 election (8th Parl't)
1900 election (9th Parl't)
1904 election (10th Parl't)
1908 election (11th Parl't)

Liberal Party
Named leader in 1887
8th
[18] [19]

Manitoba Schools Question; Boer War; Alberta and Saskatchewan created; Creation of the Royal Canadian Navy; Reciprocity with the US; Department of External Affairs established; First French Canadian Prime Minister, removed the right of status Indians to vote.

8

Sir Robert Borden
(1854–1937)
MP for Halifax, NS until 1917
MP for Kings, NS
October 10, 1911
–
October 11, 1917

1911 election (12th Parl't)

Conservative Party (historical)
Named leader in 1901
9th
[19] [20] [21]

October 12,1917
–
July 10, 1920

1917 election (13th Parl't)

Unionist Party
10th

First World War; Military Service Act; Conscription Crisis of 1917; Union government; National Research Council; Introduction of income tax; Nickle Resolution; Women's suffrage; Suppression of Winnipeg General Strike; Canada sits at the Paris Peace Conference, signs the Treaty of Versailles and joins League of Nations.

9

Arthur Meighen
(1874–1960)
MP for Portage la Prairie, MB
July 10, 1920
–
December 29, 1921

Appointment (13th Parl't)

National Liberal and Conservative Party
Named leader in 1920
11th
[22] [23]

Solicitor General of Canada, Minister of Mines, Secretary of State for Canada, Minister of the Interior, Superintendant Indian Affairs; Grand Trunk Railway placed under control of Canadian National Railways.

10

William Lyon Mackenzie King
(1874–1950)
MP for York North, ON until 1925
MP for Prince Albert, SK
December 29, 1921
–
June 28, 1926

1921 election (14th Parl't)
1925 election (15th Parl't)[LS] [Min.]

Liberal Party
Named leader in 1919
12th
[24] [25]

Minister of Labour; Chanak Crisis; lower tariffs; reinstated Crowsnest Pass Agreement; 1923 Imperial Conference; Halibut Treaty; Continued after 1925 with third party Progressive support until resigning after his request for an election was refused by Governor General Lord Byng.

(9)

Arthur Meighen
(1874–1960)
MP for Portage la Prairie, MB
June 29, 1926
–
September 25, 1926

Appointment (15th Parl't)[Min.]

Conservative Party (historical)
13th
[22] [26]

Appointed as a result of the King–Byng Affair.

(10)

William Lyon Mackenzie King
(1874–1950)
MP for Prince Albert, SK
September 25, 1926
–
August 7, 1930

1926 election (16th Parl't)[Min.]

Liberal Party
14th
[24] [27]

Balfour Declaration; Introduction of old age pensions; first Canadian envoys with full diplomatic status sent to foreign countries (USA, France, Japan); Great Depression.

11

R. B. Bennett
(1870–1947)
MP for Calgary West, AB
August 7, 1930
–
October 23, 1935

1930 election (17th Parl't)

Conservative Party (historical)
Named leader in 1927
15th
[28] [29]

Minister of Justice, Minister of Finance; Great Depression; Imperial Preference; Canadian Radio Broadcasting Commission; Canadian Wheat Board; Creation of the Bank of Canada.

(10)

William Lyon Mackenzie King
(1874–1950)
MP for Prince Albert, SK until 1945
MP for Glengarry, ON
October 23, 1935
–
November 15, 1948

1935 election (18th Parl't)
1940 election (19th Parl't)
1945 election (20th Parl't)

Liberal Party
16th
[24] [30]

Creation of the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation; National Film Board of Canada; Unemployment Insurance Act of 1940; Nationalization of the Bank of Canada; Second World War; Conscription Crisis of 1944; Canada's entry into the United Nations; Trans-Canada Airlines; Gouzenko Affair.

12

Louis St. Laurent
(1882–1973)
MP for Quebec East, QC
November 15, 1948
–
June 21, 1957

Appointment (20th Parl't)
1949 election (21st Parl't)
1953 election (22nd Parl't)

Liberal Party
Named leader in 1948
17th
[31] [32]

Minister of Justice, Secretary of State for External Affairs; Dominion of Newfoundland joins confederation; right of appeal to Judicial Committee of the Privy Council ended; Canada's entrance into NATO; Suez Crisis; Creation of the United Nations Emergency Force; London Declaration; Newfoundland Act; Equalization; Trans-Canada Highway; St. Lawrence Seaway; Trans-Canada Pipeline; Pipeline Debate.

13

John Diefenbaker
(1895–1979)
MP for Prince Albert, SK
June 21, 1957
–
April 22, 1963

1957 election (23rd Parl't)[Min.]
1958 election (24th Parl't)
1962 election (25th Parl't)[Min.]

Progressive Conservative Party
Named leader in 1956
18th
[33] [34]

Avro Arrow cancellation; Coyne Affair; Cuban Missile Crisis; NORAD; Establishment of Board of Broadcast Governors; Canadian Bill of Rights; Allowed status aboriginals to vote in federal elections 1960; Alouette 1 satellite programme.

14

Lester B. Pearson
(1897–1972)
MP for Algoma East, ON
April 22, 1963
–
April 20, 1968

1963 election (26th Parl't)[Min.]
1965 election (27th Parl't)[Min.]

Liberal Party
Named leader in 1958
19th
[35] [36]

Secretary of State for External Affairs; Bomarc missile program; Federal involvement in universal healthcare; Canada Pension Plan; Canada Student Loans; Creation of a new Canadian flag; Auto Pact; Rejection of troop deployment to Vietnam; Royal Commission on Bilingualism and Biculturalism; Unification of the Armed Forces; Canadian Centennial Celebrations.

15

Pierre Trudeau
(1919–2000)
MP for Mount Royal, QC
April 20, 1968
–
June 3/4,[*] 1979

Appointment (27th Parl't)
1968 election (28th Parl't)
1972 election (29th Parl't)[Min.]
1974 election (30th Parl't)

Liberal Party
Named leader in 1968
20th
[37]

Minister of Justice; "Trudeaumania"; "Just Society"; October Crisis and Use of the War Measures Act; Official Languages Act; Establishment of relations with Communist China; Victoria Charter; Creation of Petro-Canada; Membership in the G7; Metric Commission, Metrication of Canada, Creation of Via Rail.

16

Joe Clark
(b. 1939)
MP for Yellowhead, AB
June 4, 1979
–
March 2/3,[*] 1980

1979 election (31st Parl't)[Min.]

Progressive Conservative Party
Named leader in 1976
21st
[38]

Youngest Canadian PM. Defeated in a motion of no confidence on first budget.

(15)

Pierre Trudeau
(1919–2000)
MP for Mount Royal, QC
March 3, 1980
–
June 29/30,[*] 1984

1980 election (32nd Parl't)

Liberal Party
22nd
[37]

Quebec referendum, 1980; Access to Information Act; Patriation of the Canadian Constitution; Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms; National Energy Program; Canada Health Act; Western alienation.

17

John Turner
(b. 1929)
Did not serve in Parliament while Prime Minister
June 30, 1984
–
September 16/17,[*] 1984

Appointment (32nd Parl't)

Liberal Party
Named leader in 1984
23rd
[39]

Minister of Justice, Minister of Finance; Trudeau Patronage Appointments. Never sat in parliament as Prime Minister.

18

Brian Mulroney
(b. 1939)
MP for Manicouagan, QC until 1988
MP for Charlevoix, QC
September 17, 1984
–
June 24/25,[*] 1993

1984 election (33rd Parl't)
1988 election (34th Parl't)

Progressive Conservative Party
Named leader in 1983
24th
[40]

Cancellation of the National Energy Program; Meech Lake Accord; Petro-Canada privatization; Canada-US Free Trade Agreement; Introduction of the Goods and Services Tax; Charlottetown Accord; Gulf War; Oka Crisis; Environmental Protection Act; Privatization of Air Canada, North American Free Trade Agreement; Airbus affair.

19

Kim Campbell
(b. 1947)
MP for Vancouver Centre, BC
June 25, 1993
–
November 3/4,[*] 1993

Appointment (34th Parl't)

Progressive Conservative Party
Named leader in 1993
25th
[41]

Minister of Justice, Minister of Veterans Affairs, Minister of National Defence, Minister of Intergovernmental Affairs; Only female Prime Minister of Canada. Defeated and lost her seat in 1993 election.

20

Jean Chrétien
(b. 1934)
MP for Saint-Maurice, QC
November 4, 1993
–
December 11/12,[*] 2003

1993 election (35th Parl't)
1997 election (36th Parl't)
2000 election (37th Parl't)

Liberal Party
Named leader in 1990
26th
[42]

Minister of Finance, Minister of Indian Affairs, Minister of Energy, Mines and Resources, Minister of Justice and Energy Minister, President of the Treasury Board, Minister of National Revenue, Deputy Prime Minister of Canada; Privatization of Canadian National Railway, Red Book; Harmonized Sales Tax; Quebec referendum, 1995; Clarity Act; Assassination attempt; Kosovo War; 1997 Red River Flood; Social Union Framework Agreement; Creation of Nunavut Territory; Youth Criminal Justice Act; Operation Yellow Ribbon; Invasion of Afghanistan; Opposition to the Invasion of Iraq; Sponsorship scandal; Kyoto Protocol; Gomery Inquiry.

21

Paul Martin
(b. 1938)
MP for LaSalle—Émard, QC
December 12, 2003
–
February 5/6,[*] 2006

Appointment (37th Parl't)
2004 election (38th Parl't)[Min.]

Liberal Party
Named leader in 2003
27th
[40]

Minister of Finance; Minority government. Civil Marriage Act; Kelowna Accord; Rejection of US Anti-Missile Treaty; Sponsorship scandal; Gomery inquiry; G20; Atlantic Accord; Martin and his father Paul Martin Sr have the honorific title of Right Honourable.

22

Stephen Harper
(b. 1959)
MP for Calgary Southwest, AB
February 6, 2006
–
November 3/4,[*] 2015

2006 election (39th Parl't)[Min.]
2008 election (40th Parl't)[Min.]
2011 election (41st Parl't)

Conservative Party
Named leader in 2004
28th
[43]

Accountability Act; Softwood Lumber Agreement; Afghanistan Mission; 2006 Ontario terrorism plot; Québécois nation motion; Apologies for Residential Schools and Head Tax; 2008 Financial crisis; Coalition crisis; Economic Action Plan; Afghan detainee issue; Parliamentary contempt; Withdrawal from the Kyoto Protocol; Repeal of the Long-Gun Registry; Senate expenses scandal; Anti-terrorism Act, 2015.

23

Justin Trudeau
(b. 1971)
MP for Papineau, QC
November 4, 2015
–
Incumbent

2015 election (42nd Parl't)

Liberal Party
Named leader in 2013
29th
[44]

Son of 15th Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau; simultaneously Minister of Intergovernmental Affairs and Youth; second father-and-son pair with honorific title of Right Honourable; did not allow senators to sit in the government caucus; Paris Agreement; 150th anniversary celebrations.

Min. Minority government
LS Party won the election, but prime minister lost own seat
* The Interpretation Act of 1967 states that "where an appointment is made effective or terminates on a specified day, that appointment is considered to be effective or to terminate after the end of the previous day." Under the Act, Prime Ministers' tenures are therefore credited as having concluded at the end of their last full day in office (the earlier date given), although their resignation was received by the Governor General on the following day. This provision applies to Trudeau in 1979[45] and 1984,[46] Clark,[47] Turner,[48] Mulroney,[49] Campbell,[50] Chrétien,[51] Martin,[51] and Harper.[51]

text: Timeline[edit]

text: Living former prime ministers[edit]

text: As of October 2017, there are seven living former Prime Ministers of Canada, the oldest being John Turner (born 1929). The most recent former Prime Minister to die was Pierre Trudeau (1968–1979, 1980–1984), on 28 September 2000. John A. Macdonald (1867–1873, 1878–1891) and John Thompson (1892–1894) are the only serving Prime Ministers to have died in office.

text:
Living former Prime Ministers in order of service:

Joe Clark
Served: 1979–1980
Age: 78

John Turner
Served: 1984
Age: 88

Brian Mulroney
Served: 1984–1993
Age: 78

Kim Campbell
Served: 1993
Age: 70

Jean Chrétien
Served: 1993–2003
Age: 83

Paul Martin
Served: 2003–2006
Age: 79

Stephen Harper
Served: 2006–2015
Age: 58