document_title: Manchester United F.C.

question_text: when was the last time manchester united won a trophy

question_tokens: when was the last time manchester united won a trophy

text: Manchester United F.C.

text: History

text: Early years (1878–1945)

text: Manchester United was formed in 1878 as Newton Heath LYR Football Club by the Carriage and Wagon department of the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway (LYR) depot at Newton Heath.[13] The team initially played games against other departments and railway companies, but on 20 November 1880, they competed in their first recorded match; wearing the colours of the railway company – green and gold – they were defeated 6–0 by Bolton Wanderers' reserve team.[14] By 1888, the club had become a founding member of The Combination, a regional football league. Following the league's dissolution after only one season, Newton Heath joined the newly formed Football Alliance, which ran for three seasons before being merged with the Football League. This resulted in the club starting the 1892–93 season in the First Division, by which time it had become independent of the railway company and dropped the "LYR" from its name.[13] After two seasons, the club was relegated to the Second Division.[13]

text: In January 1902, with debts of £2,670 – equivalent to £260,000 in 2017[nb 1] – the club was served with a winding-up order.[15] Captain Harry Stafford found four local businessmen, including John Henry Davies (who became club president), each willing to invest £500 in return for a direct interest in running the club and who subsequently changed the name;[16] on 24 April 1902, Manchester United was officially born.[17][nb 2] Under Ernest Mangnall, who assumed managerial duties in 1903, the team finished as Second Division runners-up in 1906 and secured promotion to the First Division, which they won in 1908 – the club's first league title. The following season began with victory in the first ever Charity Shield[18] and ended with the club's first FA Cup title. Manchester United won the First Division for the second time in 1911, but at the end of the following season, Mangnall left the club to join Manchester City.[19]

text: In 1922, three years after the resumption of football following the First World War, the club was relegated to the Second Division, where it remained until regaining promotion in 1925. Relegated again in 1931, Manchester United became a yo-yo club, achieving its all-time lowest position of 20th place in the Second Division in 1934. Following the death of principal benefactor John Henry Davies in October 1927, the club's finances deteriorated to the extent that Manchester United would likely have gone bankrupt had it not been for James W. Gibson, who, in December 1931, invested £2,000 and assumed control of the club.[20] In the 1938–39 season, the last year of football before the Second World War, the club finished 14th in the First Division.[20]

text: Busby years (1945–1969)

text: In October 1945, the impending resumption of football led to the managerial appointment of Matt Busby, who demanded an unprecedented level of control over team selection, player transfers and training sessions.[21] Busby led the team to second-place league finishes in 1947, 1948 and 1949, and to FA Cup victory in 1948. In 1952, the club won the First Division, its first league title for 41 years.[22] With an average age of 22, the back-to-back title winning side of 1956 were labelled "the Busby Babes" by the media, a testament to Busby's faith in his youth players.[23] In 1957, Manchester United became the first English team to compete in the European Cup, despite objections from The Football League, who had denied Chelsea the same opportunity the previous season.[24] En route to the semi-final, which they lost to Real Madrid, the team recorded a 10–0 victory over Belgian champions Anderlecht, which remains the club's biggest victory on record.[25]

text: The following season, on the way home from a European Cup quarter-final victory against Red Star Belgrade, the aircraft carrying the Manchester United players, officials and journalists crashed while attempting to take off after refuelling in Munich, Germany. The Munich air disaster of 6 February 1958 claimed 23 lives, including those of eight players – Geoff Bent, Roger Byrne, Eddie Colman, Duncan Edwards, Mark Jones, David Pegg, Tommy Taylor and Billy Whelan – and injured several more.[26][27]

text: Reserve team manager Jimmy Murphy took over as manager while Busby recovered from his injuries and the club's makeshift side reached the FA Cup final, which they lost to Bolton Wanderers. In recognition of the team's tragedy, UEFA invited the club to compete in the 1958–59 European Cup alongside eventual League champions Wolverhampton Wanderers. Despite approval from the FA, the Football League determined that the club should not enter the competition, since it had not qualified.[28][29] Busby rebuilt the team through the 1960s by signing players such as Denis Law and Pat Crerand, who combined with the next generation of youth players – including George Best – to win the FA Cup in 1963. The following season, they finished second in the league, then won the title in 1965 and 1967. In 1968, Manchester United became the first English (and second British) club to win the European Cup, beating Benfica 4–1 in the final[30] with a team that contained three European Footballers of the Year: Bobby Charlton, Denis Law and George Best.[31] Matt Busby resigned as manager in 1969 and was replaced by the reserve team coach, former Manchester United player Wilf McGuinness.[32]

text: Following an eighth-place finish in the 1969–70 season and a poor start to the 1970–71 season, Busby was persuaded to temporarily resume managerial duties, and McGuinness returned to his position as reserve team coach. In June 1971, Frank O'Farrell was appointed as manager, but lasted less than 18 months before being replaced by Tommy Docherty in December 1972.[34] Docherty saved Manchester United from relegation that season, only to see them relegated in 1974; by that time the trio of Best, Law, and Charlton had left the club.[30] The team won promotion at the first attempt and reached the FA Cup final in 1976, but were beaten by Southampton. They reached the final again in 1977, beating Liverpool 2–1. Docherty was dismissed shortly afterwards, following the revelation of his affair with the club physiotherapist's wife.[32][35]

text: Dave Sexton replaced Docherty as manager in the summer of 1977. Despite major signings, including Joe Jordan, Gordon McQueen, Gary Bailey, and Ray Wilkins, the team failed to achieve any significant results; they finished in the top two in 1979–80 and lost to Arsenal in the 1979 FA Cup Final. Sexton was dismissed in 1981, even though the team won the last seven games under his direction.[36] He was replaced by Ron Atkinson, who immediately broke the British record transfer fee to sign Bryan Robson from West Bromwich Albion. Under Atkinson, Manchester United won the FA Cup twice in three years – in 1983 and 1985. In 1985–86, after 13 wins and two draws in its first 15 matches, the club was favourite to win the league, but finished in fourth place. The following season, with the club in danger of relegation by November, Atkinson was dismissed.[37]

text: Ferguson years (1986–2013)

text: Alex Ferguson and his assistant Archie Knox arrived from Aberdeen on the day of Atkinson's dismissal,[38] and guided the club to an 11th-place finish in the league.[39] Despite a second-place finish in 1987–88, the club was back in 11th place the following season.[40] Reportedly on the verge of being dismissed, victory over Crystal Palace in the 1990 FA Cup Final replay (after a 3–3 draw) saved Ferguson's career.[41][42] The following season, Manchester United claimed its first Cup Winners' Cup title and competed in the 1991 UEFA Super Cup, beating European Cup holders Red Star Belgrade 1–0 in the final at Old Trafford. A second consecutive League Cup final appearance followed in 1992, in which the team beat Nottingham Forest 1–0 at Wembley.[37] In 1993, the club won its first league title since 1967, and a year later, for the first time since 1957, it won a second consecutive title – alongside the FA Cup – to complete the first "Double" in the club's history.[37]

text: In the 1998–99 season, Manchester United became the first team to win the Premier League, FA Cup and UEFA Champions League – "The Treble" – in the same season.[44] Losing 1–0 going into injury time in the 1999 UEFA Champions League Final, Teddy Sheringham and Ole Gunnar Solskjær scored late goals to claim a dramatic victory over Bayern Munich, in what is considered one of the greatest comebacks of all time.[45] The club also won the Intercontinental Cup after beating Palmeiras 1–0 in Tokyo.[46] Ferguson was subsequently knighted for his services to football.[47]

text: Manchester United won the league again in the 1999–2000 and 2000–01 seasons. The team finished third in 2001–02, before regaining the title in 2002–03.[48] They won the 2003–04 FA Cup, beating Millwall 3–0 in the final at the Millennium Stadium in Cardiff to lift the trophy for a record 11th time.[49] In the 2005–06 season, Manchester United failed to qualify for the knockout phase of the UEFA Champions League for the first time in over a decade,[50] but recovered to secure a second-place league finish and victory over Wigan Athletic in the 2006 Football League Cup Final. The club regained the Premier League in the 2006–07 and 2007–08 seasons, and completed the European double by beating Chelsea 6–5 on penalties in the 2008 UEFA Champions League Final in Moscow's Luzhniki Stadium. Ryan Giggs made a record 759th appearance for the club in this game, overtaking previous record holder Bobby Charlton.[51] In December 2008, the club won the 2008 FIFA Club World Cup and followed this with the 2008–09 Football League Cup, and its third successive Premier League title.[52][53] That summer, Cristiano Ronaldo was sold to Real Madrid for a world record £80 million.[54] In 2010, Manchester United defeated Aston Villa 2–1 at Wembley to retain the League Cup, its first successful defence of a knockout cup competition.[55]

text: After finishing as runner-up to Chelsea in the 2009–10 season, United achieved a record 19th league title in 2010–11, securing the championship with a 1–1 away draw against Blackburn Rovers on 14 May 2011.[56] This was extended to 20 league titles in 2012–13, securing the championship with a 3–0 home win against Aston Villa on 22 April 2013.[57]

text: On 8 May 2013, Ferguson announced that he was to retire as manager at the end of the football season, but would remain at the club as a director and club ambassador.[58][59] The club announced the next day that Everton manager David Moyes would replace him from 1 July, having signed a six-year contract.[60][61][62] Ryan Giggs took over as interim player-manager 10 months later, on 22 April 2014, when Moyes was sacked after a poor season in which the club failed to defend their Premier League title and failed to qualify for the UEFA Champions League for the first time since 1995–96.[63] They also failed to qualify for the Europa League, meaning that it was the first time Manchester United hadn't qualified for a European competition since 1990.[64] On 19 May 2014, it was confirmed that Louis van Gaal would replace Moyes as Manchester United manager on a three-year deal, with Giggs as his assistant.[65] Malcolm Glazer, the patriarch of the Glazer family that owns the club, died on 28 May 2014.[66]

text: Although Van Gaal's first season saw United once again qualify for the Champions League through a fourth-place finish in the Premier League, his second season saw United go out of the same tournament in the group stage.[67] United also fell behind in the title race for the third consecutive season, finishing in 5th place, in spite of several expensive signings during Van Gaal's tenure. However, that same season, Manchester United won the FA Cup for a 12th time.[68] Despite this victory, Van Gaal was sacked as manager just two days later,[69] with José Mourinho appointed in his place on 27 May, signing a three-year contract.[70] That season, United finished in sixth place while winning the EFL Cup for the fifth time and the Europa League for the first time, as well as the FA Community Shield for a record 21st time. Wayne Rooney scored his 250th goal with United, surpassing Sir Bobby Charlton as United's all-time top scorer, before leaving the club at the end of the season to return to Everton.

text: Crest and colours

text: The club crest is derived from the Manchester City Council coat of arms, although all that remains of it on the current crest is the ship in full sail.[71] The devil stems from the club's nickname "The Red Devils"; it was included on club programmes and scarves in the 1960s, and incorporated into the club crest in 1970, although the crest was not included on the chest of the shirt until 1971 (unless the team was playing in a Cup Final).[71]

text: Newton Heath's uniform in 1879, four years before the club played its first competitive match, has been documented as 'white with blue cord'.[72] A photograph of the Newton Heath team, taken in 1892, is believed to show the players wearing red-and-white quartered jerseys and navy blue knickerbockers.[73] Between 1894–96, the players wore distinctive green and gold jerseys[73] which were replaced in 1896 by white shirts, which were worn with navy blue shorts.[73]

text: After the name change in 1902, the club colours were changed to red shirts, white shorts, and black socks, which has become the standard Manchester United home kit.[73] Very few changes were made to the kit until 1922 when the club adopted white shirts bearing a deep red "V" around the neck, similar to the shirt worn in the 1909 FA Cup Final. They remained part of their home kits until 1927.[73] For a period in 1934, the cherry and white hooped change shirt became the home colours, but the following season the red shirt was recalled after the club's lowest ever league placing of 20th in the Second Division and the hooped shirt dropped back to being the change.[73] The black socks were changed to white from 1959 to 1965, where they were replaced with red socks up until 1971, when the club reverted to black. Black shorts and/or white socks are sometimes worn with the home strip, most often in away games, if there is a clash with the opponent's kit. Since 1997–98, white socks have been the preferred choice for European games, which are typically played on weeknights, to aid with player visibility.[74] The current home kit is a red Henley shirt, with black-and-white-banded cuffs and the trademark Adidas three stripes in white across the shoulders.[75]

text: The Manchester United away strip has often been a white shirt, black shorts and white socks, but there have been several exceptions. These include an all-black strip with blue and gold trimmings between 1993 and 1995, the navy blue shirt with silver horizontal pinstripes worn during the 1999–2000 season,[76] and the 2011–12 away kit, which had a royal blue body and sleeves with hoops made of small midnight navy blue and black stripes, with black shorts and blue socks.[77] An all-grey away kit worn during the 1995–96 season was dropped after just five games, most notoriously against Southampton where Alex Ferguson forced the team to change into the third kit during half-time of its final outing. The reason for dropping it being that the players claimed to have trouble finding their teammates against the crowd, United failed to win a competitive game in the kit.[78] In 2001, to celebrate 100 years as "Manchester United", a reversible white/gold away kit was released, although the actual match day shirts were not reversible.[79]

text: The club's third kit is often all-blue, this was most recently the case during the 2014–15 season.[80] Exceptions include a green-and-gold halved shirt worn between 1992 and 1994, a blue-and-white striped shirt worn during the 1994–95 and 1995–96 seasons and once in 1996–97, an all-black kit worn during the Treble-winning 1998–99 season, and a white shirt with black-and-red horizontal pinstripes worn between 2003–04 and 2005–06.[81] From 2006–07 to 2013–14, the third kit was the previous season's away kit, albeit updated with the new club sponsor in 2006–07 and 2010–11, apart from 2008–09 when an all-blue kit was launch to mark the 40th anniversary of the 1967–68 European Cup success.[82]

text: Kit evolution

text:
1879–1880, 1896–1902

1880–1887

1887–1893

1893–1894

1894–1896

text:
1902–1920, 1921–1922, 1927–1934, 1934–1960, 1971–present[EN]

1920–1921, 1963–1971

1922–1927

1934

1960–1963
(1997–present)[EU]

text:
^ Since 1997 this combination is primarily used in domestic competitions and friendlies.
^ Since 1997 this combination is primarily used in European and international competitions.

text: Grounds

text: Newton Heath initially played on a field on North Road, close to the railway yard; the original capacity was about 12,000, but club officials deemed the facilities inadequate for a club hoping to join The Football League.[83] Some expansion took place in 1887, and in 1891, Newton Heath used its minimal financial reserves to purchase two grandstands, each able to hold 1,000 spectators.[84] Although attendances were not recorded for many of the earliest matches at North Road, the highest documented attendance was approximately 15,000 for a First Division match against Sunderland on 4 March 1893.[85] A similar attendance was also recorded for a friendly match against Gorton Villa on 5 September 1889.[86]

text: In June 1893, after the club was evicted from North Road by its owners, Manchester Deans and Canons, who felt it was inappropriate for the club to charge an entry fee to the ground, secretary A. H. Albut procured the use of the Bank Street ground in Clayton.[87] It initially had no stands, by the start of the 1893–94 season, two had been built; one spanning the full length of the pitch on one side and the other behind the goal at the "Bradford end". At the opposite end, the "Clayton end", the ground had been "built up, thousands thus being provided for".[87] Newton Heath's first league match at Bank Street was played against Burnley on 1 September 1893, when 10,000 people saw Alf Farman score a hat-trick, Newton Heath's only goals in a 3–2 win. The remaining stands were completed for the following league game against Nottingham Forest three weeks later.[87] In October 1895, before the visit of Manchester City, the club purchased a 2,000-capacity stand from the Broughton Rangers rugby league club, and put up another stand on the "reserved side" (as distinct from the "popular side"). However, weather restricted the attendance for the Manchester City match to just 12,000.[88]

text: When the Bank Street ground was temporarily closed by bailiffs in 1902, club captain Harry Stafford raised enough money to pay for the club's next away game at Bristol City and found a temporary ground at Harpurhey for the next reserves game against Padiham.[89] Following financial investment, new club president John Henry Davies paid £500 for the erection of a new 1,000-seat stand at Bank Street.[90] Within four years, the stadium had cover on all four sides, as well as the ability to hold approximately 50,000 spectators, some of whom could watch from the viewing gallery atop the Main Stand.[90]

text: However, following Manchester United's first league title in 1908 and the FA Cup a year later, it was decided that Bank Street was too restrictive for Davies' ambition;[90] in February 1909, six weeks before the club's first FA Cup title, Old Trafford was named as the home of Manchester United, following the purchase of land for around £60,000. Architect Archibald Leitch was given a budget of £30,000 for construction; original plans called for seating capacity of 100,000, though budget constraints forced a revision to 77,000. The building was constructed by Messrs Brameld and Smith of Manchester. The stadium's record attendance was registered on 25 March 1939, when an FA Cup semi-final between Wolverhampton Wanderers and Grimsby Town drew 76,962 spectators.[91]

text: Bombing in the Second World War destroyed much of the stadium; the central tunnel in the South Stand was all that remained of that quarter. After the war, the club received compensation from the War Damage Commission in the amount of £22,278. While reconstruction took place, the team played its "home" games at Manchester City's Maine Road ground; Manchester United was charged £5,000 per year, plus a nominal percentage of gate receipts.[92] Later improvements included the addition of roofs, first to the Stretford End and then to the North and East Stands. The roofs were supported by pillars that obstructed many fans' views, and they were eventually replaced with a cantilevered structure. The Stretford End was the last stand to receive a cantilevered roof, completed in time for the 1993–94 season.[32] First used on 25 March 1957 and costing £40,000, four 180-foot (55 m) pylons were erected, each housing 54 individual floodlights. These were dismantled in 1987 and replaced by a lighting system embedded in the roof of each stand, which remains in use today.[93]

text: The Taylor Report's requirement for an all-seater stadium lowered capacity at Old Trafford to around 44,000 by 1993. In 1995, the North Stand was redeveloped into three tiers, restoring capacity to approximately 55,000. At the end of the 1998–99 season, second tiers were added to the East and West Stands, raising capacity to around 67,000, and between July 2005 and May 2006, 8,000 more seats were added via second tiers in the north-west and north-east quadrants. Part of the new seating was used for the first time on 26 March 2006, when an attendance of 69,070 became a new Premier League record.[94] The record was pushed steadily upwards before reaching its peak on 31 March 2007, when 76,098 spectators saw Manchester United beat Blackburn Rovers 4–1, with just 114 seats (0.15 per cent of the total capacity of 76,212) unoccupied.[95] In 2009, reorganisation of the seating resulted in a reduction of capacity by 255 to 75,957.[96][97] Manchester United has the second highest average attendance of European football clubs only behind Borussia Dortmund.[98][99][100]

text: Support

text: Manchester United is one of the most popular football clubs in the world, with one of the highest average home attendance in Europe.[101] The club states that its worldwide fan base includes more than 200 officially recognised branches of the Manchester United Supporters Club (MUSC), in at least 24 countries.[102] The club takes advantage of this support through its worldwide summer tours. Accountancy firm and sports industry consultants Deloitte estimate that Manchester United has 75 million fans worldwide,[11] while other estimates put this figure closer to 333 million.[103] The club has the third highest social media following in the world among sports teams (after Barcelona and Real Madrid), with over 71 million Facebook fans as of September 2016.[12][104] A 2014 study showed that Manchester United had the loudest fans in the Premier League.[105]

text: Supporters are represented by two independent bodies; the Independent Manchester United Supporters' Association (IMUSA), which maintains close links to the club through the MUFC Fans Forum,[106] and the Manchester United Supporters' Trust (MUST). After the Glazer family's takeover in 2005, a group of fans formed a splinter club, F.C. United of Manchester. The West Stand of Old Trafford – the "Stretford End" – is the home end and the traditional source of the club's most vocal support.[107]

text: Rivalries

text: Manchester United has rivalries with Arsenal, Leeds United, Liverpool, and Manchester City, against whom they contest the Manchester derby.[108][109]

text: The rivalry with Liverpool is rooted in competition between the cities during the Industrial Revolution when Manchester was famous for its textile industry while Liverpool was a major port.[110] Manchester United and Liverpool are also the two most successful teams in England and, at many points in their history, they have battled each other for the league title (most recently in the 2008–09 season). Their matches are usually considered by the players and their fans as the biggest in any given season.

text: The "Roses Rivalry" with Leeds stems from the Wars of the Roses, fought between the House of Lancaster and the House of York, with Manchester United representing Lancashire and Leeds representing Yorkshire.[111]

text: The rivalry with Arsenal arises from the numerous times the two teams, as well as managers Alex Ferguson and Arsène Wenger, have battled for the Premier League title. With 33 titles between them (20 for Manchester United, 13 for Arsenal) this fixture has become known as one of the finest Premier League match-ups in history.[112][113]

text: Global brand

text: Manchester United has been described as a global brand; a 2011 report by Brand Finance, valued the club's trademarks and associated intellectual property at £412 million – an increase of £39 million on the previous year, valuing it at £11 million more than the second best brand, Real Madrid – and gave the brand a strength rating of AAA (Extremely Strong).[114] In July 2012, Manchester United was ranked first by Forbes magazine in its list of the ten most valuable sports team brands, valuing the Manchester United brand at $2.23 billion.[115] The club is ranked third in the Deloitte Football Money League (behind Real Madrid and Barcelona).[116] In January 2013, the club became the first sports team in the world to be valued at $3 billion. Forbes Magazine valued the club at $3.3 billion – $1.2 billion higher than the next most valuable sports team.[117] They were overtaken by Real Madrid for the next four years, but Manchester United returned to the top of the Forbes list in June 2017, with a valuation of $3.689 billion.[118]

text: The core strength of Manchester United's global brand is often attributed to Matt Busby's rebuilding of the team and subsequent success following the Munich air disaster, which drew worldwide acclaim.[107] The "iconic" team included Bobby Charlton and Nobby Stiles (members of England's World Cup winning team), Denis Law and George Best. The attacking style of play adopted by this team (in contrast to the defensive-minded "catenaccio" approach favoured by the leading Italian teams of the era) "captured the imagination of the English footballing public".[119] Busby's team also became associated with the liberalisation of Western society during the 1960s; George Best, known as the "Fifth Beatle" for his iconic haircut, was the first footballer to significantly develop an off-the-field media profile.[119]

text: As the second English football club to float on the London Stock Exchange in 1991, the club raised significant capital, with which it further developed its commercial strategy. The club's focus on commercial and sporting success brought significant profits in an industry often characterised by chronic losses.[120] The strength of the Manchester United brand was bolstered by intense off-the-field media attention to individual players, most notably David Beckham (who quickly developed his own global brand). This attention often generates greater interest in on-the-field activities, and hence generates sponsorship opportunities – the value of which is driven by television exposure.[121] During his time with the club, Beckham's popularity across Asia was integral to the club's commercial success in that part of the world.[122]

text: Because higher league placement results in a greater share of television rights, success on the field generates greater income for the club. Since the inception of the Premier League, Manchester United has received the largest share of the revenue generated from the BSkyB broadcasting deal.[123] Manchester United has also consistently enjoyed the highest commercial income of any English club; in 2005–06, the club's commercial arm generated £51 million, compared to £42.5 million at Chelsea, £39.3 million at Liverpool, £34 million at Arsenal and £27.9 million at Newcastle United. A key sponsorship relationship was with sportswear company Nike, who managed the club's merchandising operation as part of a £303 million 13-year partnership between 2002 and 2015.[124] Through Manchester United Finance and the club's membership scheme, One United, those with an affinity for the club can purchase a range of branded goods and services. Additionally, Manchester United-branded media services – such as the club's dedicated television channel, MUTV – have allowed the club to expand its fan base to those beyond the reach of its Old Trafford stadium.[11]

text: Sponsorship

text:
Period
Kit manufacturer
Shirt sponsor

1945–1975
Umbro
—

1975–1980
Admiral

1980–1982
Adidas

1982–1992
Sharp Electronics

1992–2000
Umbro

2000–2002
Vodafone

2002–2006
Nike

2006–2010
AIG

2010–2014
Aon

2014–2015
Chevrolet

2015–
Adidas

text: In an initial five-year deal worth £500,000, Sharp Electronics became the club's first shirt sponsor at the beginning of the 1982–83 season, a relationship that lasted until the end of the 1999–2000 season, when Vodafone agreed a four-year, £30 million deal.[125] Vodafone agreed to pay £36 million to extend the deal by four years, but after two seasons triggered a break clause in order to concentrate on its sponsorship of the Champions League.[125]

text: To commence at the start of the 2006–07 season, American insurance corporation AIG agreed a four-year £56.5 million deal which in September 2006 became the most valuable in the world.[126][127] At the beginning of the 2010–11 season, American reinsurance company Aon became the club's principal sponsor in a four-year deal reputed to be worth approximately £80 million, making it the most lucrative shirt sponsorship deal in football history.[128] Manchester United announced their first training kit sponsor in August 2011, agreeing a four-year deal with DHL reported to be worth £40 million; it is believed to be the first instance of training kit sponsorship in English football.[129][130] The DHL contract lasted for over a year before the club bought back the contract in October 2012, although they remained the club's official logistics partner.[131] The contract for the training kit sponsorship was then sold to Aon in April 2013 for a deal worth £180 million over eight years, which also included purchasing the naming rights for the Trafford Training Centre.[132]

text: The club's first kit manufacturer was Umbro, until a five-year deal was agreed with Admiral Sportswear in 1975.[133] Adidas received the contract in 1980,[134] before Umbro started a second spell in 1992.[135] Umbro's sponsorship lasted for ten years, followed by Nike's record-breaking £302.9 million deal that lasted until 2015; 3.8 million replica shirts were sold in the first 22 months with the company.[136][137] In addition to Nike and Chevrolet, the club also has several lower-level "platinum" sponsors, including Aon and Budweiser.[138]

text: On 30 July 2012, United signed a seven-year deal with American automotive corporation General Motors, which replaced Aon as the shirt sponsor from the 2014–15 season. The new $80m-a-year shirt deal is worth $559m over seven years and features the logo of General Motors brand Chevrolet.[139][140] Nike announced that they would not renew their kit supply deal with Manchester United after the 2014–15 season, citing rising costs.[141][142] Since the start of the 2015–16 season, Adidas has manufactured Manchester United's kit as part of a world-record 10-year deal worth a minimum of £750 million.[143][144]

text: Ownership and finances

text: Originally funded by the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway Company, the club became a limited company in 1892 and sold shares to local supporters for £1 via an application form.[16] In 1902, majority ownership passed to the four local businessmen who invested £500 to save the club from bankruptcy, including future club president John Henry Davies.[16] After his death in 1927, the club faced bankruptcy yet again, but was saved in December 1931 by James W. Gibson, who assumed control of the club after an investment of £2,000.[20] Gibson promoted his son, Alan, to the board in 1948,[145] but died three years later; the Gibson family retained ownership of the club through James' wife, Lillian,[146] but the position of chairman passed to former player Harold Hardman.[147]

text: Promoted to the board a few days after the Munich air disaster, Louis Edwards, a friend of Matt Busby, began acquiring shares in the club; for an investment of approximately £40,000, he accumulated a 54 per cent shareholding and took control in January 1964.[148] When Lillian Gibson died in January 1971, her shares passed to Alan Gibson who sold a percentage of his shares to Louis Edwards' son, Martin, in 1978; Martin Edwards went on to become chairman upon his father's death in 1980.[149] Media tycoon Robert Maxwell attempted to buy the club in 1984, but did not meet Edwards' asking price.[149] In 1989, chairman Martin Edwards attempted to sell the club to Michael Knighton for £20 million, but the sale fell through and Knighton joined the Board of Directors instead.[149]

text: Manchester United was floated on the stock market in June 1991 (raising £6.7 million),[150] and received yet another takeover bid in 1998, this time from Rupert Murdoch's British Sky Broadcasting Corporation. This resulted in the formation of Shareholders United Against Murdoch – now the Manchester United Supporters' Trust – who encouraged supporters to buy shares in the club in an attempt to block any hostile takeover. The Manchester United board accepted a £623 million offer,[151] but the takeover was blocked by the Monopolies and Mergers Commission at the final hurdle in April 1999.[152] A few years later, a power struggle emerged between the club's manager, Alex Ferguson, and his horse-racing partners, John Magnier and J. P. McManus, who had gradually become the majority shareholders. In a dispute that stemmed from contested ownership of the horse Rock of Gibraltar, Magnier and McManus attempted to have Ferguson removed from his position as manager, and the board responded by approaching investors to attempt to reduce the Irishmen's majority.[153]

text: In May 2005, Malcolm Glazer purchased the 28.7 per cent stake held by McManus and Magnier, thus acquiring a controlling interest through his investment vehicle Red Football Ltd in a highly leveraged takeover valuing the club at approximately £800 million (then approx. $1.5 billion).[154] Once the purchase was complete, the club was taken off the stock exchange.[155] In July 2006, the club announced a £660 million debt refinancing package, resulting in a 30 per cent reduction in annual interest payments to £62 million a year.[156][157] In January 2010, with debts of £716.5 million ($1.17 billion),[158] Manchester United further refinanced through a bond issue worth £504 million, enabling them to pay off most of the £509 million owed to international banks.[159] The annual interest payable on the bonds – which mature on 1 February 2017 – is approximately £45 million per annum.[160] Despite restructuring, the club's debt prompted protests from fans on 23 January 2010, at Old Trafford and the club's Trafford Training Centre.[161][162] Supporter groups encouraged match-going fans to wear green and gold, the colours of Newton Heath. On 30 January, reports emerged that the Manchester United Supporters' Trust had held meetings with a group of wealthy fans, dubbed the "Red Knights", with plans to buying out the Glazers' controlling interest.[163]

text: In August 2011, the Glazers were believed to have approached Credit Suisse in preparation for a $1 billion (approx. £600 million) initial public offering (IPO) on the Singapore stock exchange that would value the club at more than £2 billion.[164] However, in July 2012, the club announced plans to list its IPO on the New York Stock Exchange instead.[165] Shares were originally set to go on sale for between $16 and $20 each, but the price was cut to $14 by the launch of the IPO on 10 August, following negative comments from Wall Street analysts and Facebook's disappointing stock market debut in May. Even after the cut, Manchester United was valued at $2.3 billion, making it the most valuable football club in the world.[166]

text: Players

text: First-team squad

text: Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.

text:
No.

Position
Player

1

GK
David de Gea

2

DF
Victor Lindelöf

3

DF
Eric Bailly

4

DF
Phil Jones

5

DF
Marcos Rojo

6

MF
Paul Pogba

8

MF
Juan Mata

9

FW
Romelu Lukaku

10

FW
Zlatan Ibrahimović

11

FW
Anthony Martial

12

DF
Chris Smalling

14

MF
Jesse Lingard

16

MF
Michael Carrick (captain)

17

DF
Daley Blind

No.

Position
Player

18

MF
Ashley Young

19

FW
Marcus Rashford

20

GK
Sergio Romero

21

MF
Ander Herrera

22

MF
Henrikh Mkhitaryan

23

DF
Luke Shaw

25

DF
Antonio Valencia

27

MF
Marouane Fellaini

31

MF
Nemanja Matić

36

DF
Matteo Darmian

38

DF
Axel Tuanzebe

39

MF
Scott McTominay

40

GK
Joel Castro Pereira

text: Out on loan

text:
No.

Position
Player

15

MF
Andreas Pereira (at Valencia until 30 June 2018)[168]

24

DF
Timothy Fosu-Mensah (at Crystal Palace until 30 June 2018)[169]

No.

Position
Player

32

GK
Sam Johnstone (at Aston Villa until 30 June 2018)[170]

43

DF
Cameron Borthwick-Jackson (at Leeds United until 30 June 2018)[171]

text: Reserves and academy

text: Former players

text: Club captains

text: Player records

text: Sir Matt Busby Player of the Year

text: Club officials

text:
Owner: Glazer family via Red Football Shareholder Limited[172]
Honorary president: Martin Edwards[173]

text:
Co-chairmen: Avram Glazer and Joel Glazer[174]
Executive vice chairman: Ed Woodward[174]
Group managing director: Richard Arnold[174]
Chief financial officer: Cliff Baty[175]
Non-executive directors: Bryan Glazer, Kevin Glazer, Edward Glazer, Darcie Glazer Kassewitz, Robert Leitão, John Hooks and Manu Sawhney[174]

text:
Directors: David Gill, Michael Edelson, Sir Bobby Charlton, Sir Alex Ferguson[176]
Club secretary: John Alexander[177]
Club ambassadors: Andy Cole,[178] Gary Neville,[179] Bryan Robson,[180] Peter Schmeichel,[181] Bobby Charlton,[182] Alex Ferguson,[182] Park Ji-sung,[183] Dwight Yorke,[184] Nemanja Vidić[185]

text:
Senior club staff

Director of Group Operations: Alan Dawson MBE
Director of Communications: Phil Townsend
Director of Legal and Business Affairs: Patrick Stewart
Director of Finance and IT: Steve Deaville
Director of Venue: David French
Director of Partnerships: Sean Jefferson
CEO of Media: Phil Lynch
Ticket office manager: Sam Kelleher[186]
Safety officer: Charlie Coxon[186]
Stadium manager: Ian Collins[186]
Grounds manager: Anthony Sinclair[186]

Coaching staff

Manager: José Mourinho[187]
Assistant manager: Rui Faria[188]
Coach: Silvino Louro[188]
Coach: Ricardo Formosinho[188]
Goalkeeping coach: Emilio Alvarez[188]
Fitness coach: Carlos Lalin[188]
Tactical analyst: Giovanni Cerra[188]
Head of first-team development: John Murtough[189]

Scouting Staff

Chief scout: Jim Lawlor[190]
Head of global scouting: Marcel Bout[191]
Scouts: Gerado Guzmán,[192] Sandro Orlandelli,[193] Tommy Møller Nielsen,[194] Javier Ribalta[195]

Academy coaching staff

Director of youth academy: Nicky Butt[196]
Academy operations manager: Nick Cox
Under-23 manager: Ricky Sbragia[197]
Under-23s team assistant manager: Tommy Martin
Under-18 head coach: Kieran McKenna [198]
Under-18s coach: John Cooke
Under-18s coach: Colin Little
Head of Academy Coaching: Tony Whelan [199]
Under-16 Head Coach: Neil Ryan
Under-12-14 Head Coach: Hasney Aljofree
Under 12s Head Coach: Lee Unsworth
Under 10s Head Coach: Eamon Mulvey
Under 9s Head Coach: Eddie Leach
Academy goalkeeping coach: Alan Fettis[200]

Medical and sports science staff

Head of sports medicine and science/club doctor: Dr. Steve McNally[201]
Assistant club doctor: Dr. Tony Gill
Head first-team physiotherapist: Richard Merron [202]
Assistant first team physiotherapist: Jon Picot [202]
Head of academy physiotherapy: Neil Hough[203]
Senior academy physiotherapist: Mandy Johnson
Academy physiotherapist: John Davin
Masseurs: Gary Armer, Rod Thornley and Andy Caveney
Club dietician: Trevor Lea
Head of performance: Tony Strudwick[204]
Head of strength and conditioning: Dr. Gary Walker[205]
Head of human performance: Dr. Richard Hawkins[206]

text: Managerial history

text:
Dates[207]
Name
Notes

1878–1892
Unknown

1892–1900
 A. H. Albut

1900–1903
 James West

1903–1912
 Ernest Mangnall

1912–1914
 John Bentley

1914–1921
 Jack Robson

1921–1926
 John Chapman

1926–1927
 Lal Hilditch
Player-manager

1927–1931
 Herbert Bamlett

1931–1932
 Walter Crickmer

1932–1937
 Scott Duncan

1937–1945
 Walter Crickmer

1945–1969
 Matt Busby

1969–1970
 Wilf McGuinness

1970–1971
 Matt Busby

1971–1972
 Frank O'Farrell

1972–1977
 Tommy Docherty

1977–1981
 Dave Sexton

1981–1986
 Ron Atkinson

1986–2013
 Alex Ferguson

2013–2014
 David Moyes

2014
 Ryan Giggs
Interim player-manager

2014–2016
 Louis van Gaal

2016–
 José Mourinho

text: Honours

text: Manchester United are one of the most successful clubs in Europe.[208] The club's first trophy was the Manchester Cup, which it won as Newton Heath LYR in 1886.[209] In 1908, the club won its first league title, and won the FA Cup for the first time the following year. Manchester United won the most trophies in the 1990s; five league titles, four FA Cups, one League Cup, five Charity Shields (one shared), one UEFA Champions League, one UEFA Cup Winners' Cup, one UEFA Super Cup and one Intercontinental Cup.

text: The club holds the record for most top-division titles (20) – including a record 13 Premier League titles – and FA Community Shields (21). It was also the first English club to win the European Cup in 1968, and, as of 2017[update], is the only British club to have won the Club World Cup, in 2008. United also became the sole British club to win the Intercontinental Cup, in 1999. The club's most recent trophy came in May 2017, with the 2016–17 UEFA Europa League.

text: In winning the 2016–17 UEFA Europa League, United became the fifth club in history to have won the "European Treble" of European Cup/UEFA Champions League, European Cup Winners' Cup/UEFA Cup Winners' Cup, and UEFA Cup/UEFA Europa League after Juventus, Ajax, Bayern Munich and Chelsea.[210][211]

text: Domestic

text: League

text:
First Division/Premier League[nb 3]

Winners (20): 1907–08, 1910–11, 1951–52, 1955–56, 1956–57, 1964–65, 1966–67, 1992–93, 1993–94, 1995–96, 1996–97, 1998–99, 1999–2000, 2000–01, 2002–03, 2006–07, 2007–08, 2008–09, 2010–11, 2012–13 (record)

Second Division[nb 3]

Winners (2): 1935–36, 1974–75

text: Cups

text:
FA Cup

Winners (12): 1908–09, 1947–48, 1962–63, 1976–77, 1982–83, 1984–85, 1989–90, 1993–94, 1995–96, 1998–99, 2003–04, 2015–16

Football League Cup

Winners (5): 1991–92, 2005–06, 2008–09, 2009–10, 2016–17

FA Charity/Community Shield

Winners (21): 1908, 1911, 1952, 1956, 1957, 1965*, 1967*, 1977*, 1983, 1990*, 1993, 1994, 1996, 1997, 2003, 2007, 2008, 2010, 2011, 2013, 2016 (* shared) (record)

text: European

text:
European Cup/UEFA Champions League

Winners (3): 1967–68, 1998–99, 2007–08

European Cup Winners' Cup

Winners (1): 1990–91

UEFA Europa League

Winners (1): 2016–17

European Super Cup

Winners (1): 1991

text: Worldwide

text:
Intercontinental Cup

Winners (1): 1999

FIFA Club World Cup

Winners (1): 2008

text: Doubles and Trebles

text:
Doubles

League and FA Cup: 2

1993–94, 1995–96

European Double (League and European Cup): 1

2007–08

League and League Cup: 1

2008–09

League Cup and Europa League: 1

2016–17

Trebles

Continental Treble (League, FA Cup and European Cup): 1

1998–99

text: Especially short competitions such as the Charity/Community Shield, Intercontinental Cup (now defunct), FIFA Club World Cup or UEFA Super Cup are not generally considered to contribute towards a Double or Treble.[212]


document_title: Ladies in Lavender

question_text: where was ladies in lavender filmed in cornwall

root

text: Ladies in Lavender

text: Plot[edit]

text: Ladies in Lavender is set in picturesque coastal Cornwall, in a tight-knit fishing village in 1936. A gifted young Polish violinist from Kraków, Andrea is sailing to America when he is swept overboard from his ship in a storm. When the Widdington sisters discover the handsome stranger washed up on the beach below their house, they nurse him back to health. However, the presence of the musically talented young man disrupts the peaceful lives of the sisters and the community in which they live.

tag: p

text: Holidaying artist Olga Daniloff, the sister of famed violinist Boris Daniloff, becomes interested in Andrea after hearing him play the violin. As time progresses, Olga and Andrea grow closer. Olga tells her brother of Andrea's talent, and he asks to meet Andrea in London. Although Andrea cares deeply for the sisters, he knows this is his chance to start a career, and he leaves with Olga without saying goodbye to the sisters. He later sends them a letter, along with a portrait of himself painted by Olga, thanking them for saving his life. The sisters travel to London to attend Andrea's first public performance in Britain, while the rest of the village listens in on the wireless.

text: Principal cast[edit]

text:
Judi Dench as Ursula Widdington
Maggie Smith as Janet Widdington
Daniel Brühl as Andrea Marowski
Natascha McElhone as Olga Danilof
Miriam Margolyes as Dorcas
David Warner as Dr. Mead
Toby Jones as Hedley
Freddie Jones as Jan Pendered
Clive Russell as Adam Penruddocke

tag: ul

text: Production[edit]

text: William Locke's original story was first published on 26 December 1908 in Collier's magazine, Vol.42, later appearing in book form in his short-story collection Faraway Stories (1916).

text: The film marked the directorial debut of actor Charles Dance. Longtime friends Maggie Smith and Judi Dench were appearing together in a play in London's West End when Dance first approached them about the project. They immediately accepted his offer without even reading the script they said in the film featurette Ladies In Lavender: A Fairy Tale. The film is the first English language role for German actor Daniel Brühl.

text: Filming took place in September and October 2003. Exteriors were filmed in Cadgwith, Helston, St. Ives and Prussia Cove in Cornwall. Interiors were filmed at the Pinewood Studios in Buckinghamshire.

text: Soundtrack[edit]

text:
Ladies in Lavender (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack)Soundtrack album by Nigel HessReleased
8 November 2004 (2004-11-08)Genre
ClassicalLength
55:34Label
Sony Classical Records

tag: table

text: The film's original music was written by Nigel Hess and performed by Joshua Bell and the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra. Hess received a Classical BRIT Awards nomination for Best Soundtrack Composer.

text: The violin music played by Andrea, including compositions by Felix Mendelssohn, Niccolò Paganini, Jules Massenet, Claude Debussy, Pablo de Sarasate and Johann Sebastian Bach, was also performed by Bell.

text:
"Ladies in Lavender" (Joshua Bell) – 4:06
"Olga" (Joshua Bell) – 3:31
"Teaching Andrea" (Joshua Bell) – 2:53
"Fantasy for Violin and Orchestra" (Joshua Bell) – 3:40
"Méditation from Thaïs" by Jules Massenet (Joshua Bell) – 5:01
"Our Secret" (Joshua Bell) – 2:01
"On the Beach" (Royal Philharmonic Orchestra) – 2:33
"Introduction and Tarantella, Op. 43" by Pablo de Sarasate (Joshua Bell) –	5:16
"The Letter" (Joshua Bell) –	2:25
"Polish Dance – Zabawa Weselna" (Joshua Bell) – 2:41
"Stirrings" (Joshua Bell) – 1:50
"Potatoes" (Joshua Bell) – 1:49
"The Girl With Flaxen Hair" by Claude Debussy (Joshua Bell) – 2:33
"A Broken Heart" (Joshua Bell) – 3:33
"Two Sisters" 	(Royal Philharmonic Orchestra) – 2:22
"The Carnival of Venice" (Joshua Bell) – 9:20

tag: ol

text: Reception[edit]

text: Ladies in Lavender grossed £2,604,852 (GBP) in the UK and $6,759,422 (USD) in the US (on limited release). Its total worldwide gross was $20,439,793 (USD).[2] It received its New York premiere at the 4th Annual Tribeca Film Festival.[3] Prior to its release in the UK, the film was shown at the Taormina Film Festival and the Toronto International Film Festival. It was released as Les Dames de Cornouailles in France, Der Duft von Lavendel in Germany, Lavendelflickorna in Sweden, and Parfum de lavande in French-speaking Canada. Both Judi Dench and Maggie Smith were nominated for Best European Actress at the European Film Awards. Dench was nominated for the ALFS Award for British Actress of the Year by the London Film Critics Circle. The film was positively received by the critics.

text: In his review in The New York Times, critic Stephen Holden wrote:

text: [Dench and Smith] sink into their roles as comfortably as house cats burrowing into a down quilt on a windswept, rainy night... This amiably far-fetched film... heralds the return of the Comfy Movie (increasingly rare nowadays), the cinematic equivalent of a visit from a cherished but increasingly dithery maiden aunt. In this fading, sentimental genre peopled with grandes dames (usually English) making "grande" pronouncements, the world revolves around tea, gardening and misty watercolor memories.[4]

text: Roger Ebert of the Chicago Sun-Times called the film "perfectly sweet and civilized... It's a pleasure to watch Smith and Dench together; their acting is so natural it could be breathing."[5]

text: In The Guardian, Peter Bradshaw observed that "despite a bit of shortbread-sugary emotion and an ending that fizzles out disappointingly, there's some nice period detail and decent lines in Charles Dance's directing debut,"[6] while Philip French of The Observer commented on the "beautiful setting, a succession of implausible incidents, and characteristically excellent work from Smith (all suppression and stoicism) and Dench (exuding unfulfilled yearning)."[7]

text: Peter Keough of the Boston Phoenix said, "This exercise in scenery and music is as innocuous as a nosegay."[8] In the Chicago Tribune, Robert K. Elder awarded the film two out of a possible four stars and added:

text: [it] exemplifies that kind of polite, underdramatic Masterpiece Theatre staging that can either provide a surgical examination of English society or bore the pants off you. Ladies in Lavender does a bit of both... director Dance's momentum fades soon after Andrea's ankle mends, and we're left with a vague back story involving Andrea's intent to emigrate to America, though the mystery of how he ended up in Cornwall is never revisited nor revealed. [He] becomes sort of a blank character, a personality on whom we can impose our own curiosity and emotions... as compelling and original as this theme is, it's not enough to keep our attention, no matter how lovely the ladies in lavender are."[9]


document_title: New Orleans Baby Cakes

question_text: where did the name baby cakes come from

question_tokens: where did the name baby cakes come from

text: New Orleans Baby Cakes

text: Kansas City (1901–1954)[edit]

text: In order to bolster its claim to Major League status, the American League moved some of its teams from mid-sized Midwestern cities to larger Eastern venues for the 1901 season. One such shift saw the Kansas City Blues become the Washington Senators. With the town suddenly bereft of a ball club, a new team, which would, in time, become the Zephyrs, was quickly founded. Playing with the old Blues nickname, the team was easily the class of the new, but unrated, incarnation of the Western League, winning the pennant by 10 games.

text: With a decent team and a solid fan base, the franchise moved on to become a founding member of the new American Association, rated at what today would be the Triple-A level. Although only moderately successful on the field, the team was a fixture of the Midwest sports scene, playing in Kansas City for over half a century.

text: The most notable player for the franchise was future Baseball Hall of Fame member Phil Rizzuto, the League MVP and Sporting News Minor League Player of the Year in 1940. Another MVP was Don Bollweg in 1952. The team, itself, won the championship in 1938, and then back-to-back in 1952 and 1953. Winning teams boast higher ticket sales, so when the Philadelphia Athletics found themselves unable to compete for market-share with the Phillies and decided to relocate after the 1954 season, Kansas City, Missouri was an attractive choice. This move, however, forced the Blues out, victims of their own success.

text: Denver (1955–1992)[edit]

text: The franchise set up shop in Denver, Colorado in 1955. Although naming a team for its uniform color had been popular in the 19th century, it was not fashionable in the 20th. As Denver had no connection to the original Blues, and in recognition of the new location in the Rockies, the team took on a new nickname, the "Bears." (The Bears name has been used for other sports teams in Denver in the past several years as well.)

text: The team played at what became known later as Mile High Stadium, but was originally known as Bears Stadium, after the team. This stadium was one of the largest venues in history to host minor league baseball on a routine basis, and had the additional draw of being in one of the largest minor league markets at the time. For many years, the biggest crowds were on 4th of July fireworks nights, and every year the American Association scheduled the Bears for a home game. Crowds of 45,000 and more watched the fireworks game, easily the biggest crowds most of the minor leaguers had ever drawn.

text: The Triple-A Bears were affiliated with the New York Yankees at the outset, with Ralph Houk managing many players who would reach the majors and play in the World Series. The team had some early success, winning the American Association Championship in 1957. League MVPs in this period included Marv Throneberry in 1956 and Steve Boros in 1960.

text: Although the team had been a member of the American Association since the league's inception 60 years before, it was a Midwestern circuit, and for the 1963 season, the Bears transferred to the Pacific Coast League. The mid-1960s Bears included such future big-leaguers as César Tovar and Ted Uhlaender, but lacked overall success. It also turned out that with the PCL otherwise all but confined to the actual Pacific coast, Denver was now located too far east; in 1969 the franchise returned to the AA.

text: The Denver Bears had some good teams from the 1970s to the mid-1980s, producing such players as Andre Dawson, Tim Wallach, Warren Cromartie, Tim Raines, Graig Nettles, Terry Francona, Wallace Johnson, Danny Morris, Pat Rooney, and Bill Gullickson. Denver players Richie Scheinblum, Cliff Johnson, Roger Freed, Frank Ortenzio, and Randy Bass were league MVPs. The managing careers of both Billy Martin and Felipe Alou began with the Bears. The team won the Association's championship with some regularity, topping the league in 1971, 1976, 1977, 1981, and 1983.  The 1980 Bears were recognized as one of the 100 greatest minor league teams of all time.[2]

text: In 1985, the team name was changed to the Denver Zephyrs, after the famous passenger train. Barry Larkin was league MVP while with the Zephyrs, as were Greg Vaughn, Jim Olander, and Jim Tatum. ESPN broadcaster Orestes Destrade also played for the Zephyrs. Under the new nickname, the franchise won the American Association in 1987 and took the 1991 pennant. They went on to win the 1991 Triple-A Classic against the International League's Columbus Clippers, 4–1.[3]

text: The Denver Zephyrs lasted eight seasons. Then in 1993, the Major Leagues arrived in Denver with the Colorado Rockies expansion team of the National League and it was time to find a new home for the Zephyrs.

text: New Orleans (1993–present)[edit]

text: Louisiana lawyer/business promoter Robert E. Couhig, Jr. led the effort to relocate the team to New Orleans. Oddly, the "Zephyr" name was appropriate for New Orleans, too, as the Zephyr Roller Coaster was a popular ride at the Pontchartrain Beach amusement park (which had closed in 1983). They remained in the American Association until 1998 when they moved to the Pacific Coast League, despite the fact they were now over 1,600 miles (2,600 km) away from the Pacific coast.

text: The Zephyrs won the 1998 Pacific Coast League championship and went on to win the Triple-A World Series against the Buffalo Bisons, 3–1. The Zephyrs were also slated to participate in the 2001 championship series with the Tacoma Rainiers, but the season was cancelled in the wake of the September 11 attacks, and the teams were named co-champions.

text: The Zephyrs finished the 2005 season three days before Hurricane Katrina hit New Orleans, and though Zephyr Field sustained moderate damage,[4] the team was able to open the 2006 season at home, making them the first professional team in New Orleans to do so after the hurricane.[5]

text: On May 5–6, 2006 in a game that became known as the "Music City Marathon", the Zephyrs played 24 innings in Nashville, ultimately defeating the Sounds 5–4 the next day on a Wiki González RBI single. The Z's scored once in the eighth and once in the ninth, and the teams remained tied through 18 innings before curfew was called. The 24 innings matches the longest game in PCL history, set in 1909, and the Z's set 12 franchise records, including striking out a league-record 29 times.

text: In 2008, the Zephyrs' season ended three days early due to the approach of Hurricane Gustav. When it became apparent that Gustav would hit the Gulf Coast on September 1, the Zephyrs cancelled their games of August 30 through September 1.[6]

text: On September 22, 2008, the Zephyrs became the Triple-A affiliate of the Florida Marlins (now the Miami Marlins). In October 2009, the Zephyrs unveiled a new logo, clearly embracing New Orleans with the "Fleur de Z" logo.

text: The Zephyrs announced a plan to rebrand for the 2017 season. A "name the team" contest was held in search of a new team name to be accompanied by new logos and a color scheme by Brandiose.[7] The seven finalist monikers were Baby Cakes, Crawfish, King Cakes, Night Owls, Po’boys, Red Eyes, and Tailgators.[8] On November 15, the team unveiled Baby Cakes as the new team name and purple, green, and gold as the new team colors, as well as a unique promotion to promote the name: any child born in the state of Louisiana during 2017 is eligible for a lifetime pass to Baby Cakes games, and will be entered into a raffle wherein the winner will receive a full four-year tuition to a state college in Louisiana upon their 18th birthday in 2035.[9][10]

text: The name change was met with mixed reactions. Some fans found the new moniker and logos appealing, and the team reported increased merchandise sales after the announcement.[11][12] Others expressed disappointment in the new name via social media, claiming it to be an unsuitable name for a sports team and that it did not accurately reflect local culture.[12][13] At the time of the branding announcement, the team noted fan interest in retaining the Zephyrs moniker, but pointed out that the name had relocated from Denver to New Orleans and had no regional ties or significance [14] other than the roller coaster at Pontchartrain Beach which closed in 1983.[15]

text: On April 14, 2017, Baby Cakes pitchers Scott Copeland (7 IP), Hunter Cervenka (1 IP), and Brandon Cunniff (1 IP) combined to pitch a no-hitter against the Iowa Cubs.[16]

text: Roster[edit]

text:
New Orleans Baby Cakes rostervte

Players

Coaches/Other

Pitchers

17 Sandy Alcántara *
18 Jeff Brigham
25 Tyler Cloyd *
50 Jumbo Díaz
 4 Zac Gallen
29 Joe Gunkel
19 Kyle Keller
12 Mike Kickham
34 Tyler Kinley
39 Dylan Lee
86 James Needy  *
10 Dillon Peters *
33 Jose Quijada
36 Nick Wittgren *

Catchers

 9 Austin Nola
26 Chad Wallach  *
Infielders

13 Cristhian Adames
24 Eric Campbell
37 Cito Culver
 2 Chris Diaz
 8 Isan Díaz
 7 Peter Mooney
30 Tomas Telis
 1 Jonathan Rodriguez
Outfielders

12 Chris Bostick *
 5 Lewis Brinson # *
20 Braxton Lee *
27 Peter O'Brien
 6 J. B. Shuck

Manager

22 Arnie Beyeler
Coaches

11 Tommy Gregg (hitting)
48 Jeremy Powell (pitching)
15 Robert Rodriguez  (coach)

 7-day disabled list
* On Miami Marlins 40-man roster
# Rehab assignment
∞ Reserve list
‡ Restricted list
§ Suspended list
† Temporary inactive list
Roster  updated August 28, 2018
Transactions
→ More rosters: MiLB • Pacific Coast League
→ Miami Marlins minor league players


document_title: American Pickers

question_text: where are the american pickers located in iowa

text: American Pickers

text: Overview[edit]

text:
The show follows antique and collectible pickers Mike Wolfe and Frank Fritz who travel around the United States to buy or "pick" various items for resale, for clients, or for their personal collections.
Danielle Colby runs the office of Wolfe's business, Antique Archaeology,[1] from their home base in Le Claire, Iowa, and more recently at a second location in Nashville, Tennessee. They originally traveled in a Mercedes-Benz Sprinter van and now a Ford Transit.  Fritz sells his acquisitions at his own shop and on his own website,[2] Frank Fritz Finds, upriver in Savanna, Illinois.[3] The men go on the road, not only following up leads that Colby has generated, but also "free-styling" - stopping at places that look like they might hold items worth buying. They also pick some places more than once.

text: The series introduction is narrated by Wolfe and Fritz. The first three seasons used the complete opening. Beginning with season 4, a shortened version is used, with the portion in italics below removed:

text: I'm Mike Wolfe. And I'm Frank Fritz. And we're pickers. We travel the back roads of America looking to buy rusty gold.

text: We're looking for amazing things buried in people's garages and barns. What most people see as junk, we see as dollar signs. We'll buy "anything" we think we can make a buck on. Each item we pick has a history all its own. And the people we meet? Well, they're a breed all their own.

text: We make a living telling the history of America...one piece at a time.

text: Mike and Frank explore people's homes, barns, sheds, outbuildings, and other places where they have stored antiques and collectibles. They call upon casual collectors, hoarders, and occasionally people who have inherited overwhelming collections of apparent junk. Wolfe, who has been picking since age four,[4] has a particular interest in antique motorcycles, air-cooled Volkswagens (referred to as VOTES-wagons by Wolfe), old bicycles, and penny-farthings, while Fritz has a fondness for antique toys, oil cans, and old Hondas.[5] They have purchased old advertisements and commercial signage, film posters, a rare 15-gallon visible gasoline pump, and a Piaggio Ape (pronounced: ah-peh) that one of their friends told them is probably the only one of its kind in North America.[6][7]

text: In December 2011, American Pickers revealed that Antique Archaeology had leased part of a former 1914 car factory in Nashville, Tennessee, which originally made the Marathon automobile, for a second business location to decrease the distance required to haul their finds from the southern states.[8]

text: In March of 2018 Frank Fritz[9] pleaded guilty to first offense OWI.

text: Mike Wolfe made a cameo as himself on Season 15/Episode 17 of NCIS (TV series) March 13, 2018 "One Man's Trash"

text: Reception[edit]

text: The series debuted on January 18, 2010. The premiere episode of American Pickers had 3.1 million viewers, making it the highest rated History channel debut since Ice Road Truckers in 2007.[10] The September 8, 2010, episode "Laurel & Hardy" garnered Nielsen ratings as high as 5.3 million viewers in the 25–54 age group. As of that episode, the show retained the title of #1 new non-fiction series of 2010 among all viewers and adults 25–54.[11]

text: Episodes[edit]


document_title: Tim Hardaway Jr.

question_text: tim hardaway jr most points in a game

question_tokens: tim hardaway jr most points in a game

text: Tim Hardaway Jr.

text: High school career[edit]

text: Hardaway, who is the son of Yolanda and former NBA All-Star Tim Hardaway,[1] was born in Alameda, California, while his father was a member of the Golden State Warriors.[2] He spent his freshman year at Palmer Trinity School before transferring to Miami Palmetto High School.[3] As a freshman, he played high school football for a year before focusing on basketball.[4] As he focused on basketball, he had a tumultuous relationship with his father, who acted like a second coach, and was overlooked by most college basketball programs.[4] Michigan was the first school to contact him, communicating by mail during his sophomore year.[4] During his junior year, Michigan head coach John Beilein invited him on an unofficial visit to watch Michigan play #4 Duke on December 6 to see unranked Michigan pull an upset.[4] The 81–73 victory was an important win for the program.[5] Following his junior season, Hardaway began training with Ed Downs, with whom he would work every summer until he became an NBA draftee.[6] In the summer before his senior season, he attended Beilein's Elite Camp in Ann Arbor, Michigan, receiving an offer that he accepted. At the time, Hardaway was unranked in the Rivals.com Top-150 and his only other offers were from Minnesota and Kansas State.[4] He was a first team All-City selection in 2009 and 2010 after being a third team selection in 2008. During his 2009–10 senior season, he averaged 31.7 points, 7.3 rebounds and 4.0 assists.[1] In the Florida state championships against Pine Crest School, he posted 42 points against Brandon Knight who had 36.[4] ESPN rated him as the 93rd best player and 28th best shooting guard in the class of 2010.[7] Scout.com rated him as the 36th best shooting guard in his class.[8] He was not top-ranked by Rivals.com.[9] Hardaway has played summer Amateur Athletic Union (AAU) basketball for both the South Florida Heat[10] and Chicago's Mac Irvin Fire, where he teamed with 7-foot (2.13 m) Meyers Leonard and McDonald's All-American Jereme Richmond.[11]

text:
US college sports recruiting information for high school athletes

Name
Hometown
High school / college
Height
Weight
Commit date

Tim Hardaway Jr.
SG
Miami, Florida
Palmer (Freshman), (FL)
Palmetto (Sophomore-Senior), (FL)
6 ft 3.5 in (1.92 m)
175 lb (79 kg)
Jun 29, 2009

Recruiting star ratings: Scout:   Rivals:   247Sports: N/A    ESPN grade: 93

Overall recruiting rankings: Scout: 36 (SG)   ESPN: 93, 28 (SG)

Note: In many cases, Scout, Rivals, 247Sports, and ESPN may conflict in their listings of height and weight.
In these cases, the average was taken. ESPN grades are on a 100-point scale.

Sources:

"Michigan 2010 Basketball Commitments". Rivals.com. Retrieved February 27, 2011.
"2010 Michigan Basketball Commits". Scout.com. Retrieved February 27, 2011.
"ESPN". ESPN.com. Retrieved February 27, 2011.
"Scout.com Team Recruiting Rankings". Scout.com. Retrieved February 27, 2011.
"2010 Team Ranking". Rivals.com. Retrieved February 27, 2011.

text: College career[edit]

text: Freshman year[edit]

text: Hardaway joined the team that had just lost Manny Harris who had declared for the 2010 NBA draft,[12] and he began his season in the starting lineup for the 2010–11 Wolverines on November 13 against South Carolina Upstate. Although Hardaway led the team in scoring in his first career game and the season opener with 19 points,[13] he was soon in a shooting slump that saw him shoot 4 for 30 on his field goals in late November games against Syracuse and UTEP.[14] These games marked the beginning of a slump during which he went 13 consecutive games without achieving a 50% field goal percentage and 19 games without exceeding that number.[15]

text: Hardaway earned four Big Ten Freshman of the week awards. On December 27, the Big Ten Conference named Hardaway co-freshman of the week along with Jared Sullinger.[16] On December 23, 2010, against Bryant University, the team tied its December 13, 2008 single-game school record of 16 three-point field goals made,[17] and Hardaway was one of three Wolverines to make 4 three-point shots.[17][18] It was Hardaway's first 20-point game.[16] On February 14, Hardaway earned his second Big Ten Conference Freshman of the week recognition for his first career double-double on February 9 against Northwestern (17 points and career-high 10 rebounds)[19] and a career-high 26 points on February 12 against Indiana.[20][21] The following week, Hardaway earned a third Big Ten Conference Freshman of the week award as he became the first Michigan freshman to score thirty points in a game in eight years.[22] His thirty points came in a 75–72 February 19 overtime victory over Iowa.[23] He had also scored 10 points and added 5 assists in a 54–52 loss to Illinois.[24] On February 28, Hardaway earned his third consecutive and fourth overall Big Ten Conference Freshman of the week recognition.[25] During the week, Hardaway extended his double-digit scoring streak to eleven by posting 22 points against Minnesota on February 26 after scoring 16 against #12 Wisconsin on February 23.[25][26][27] For the week, he shot 9 for 15 on his three-point shots.[26][27]

text: As a result of the three consecutive freshman of the week performances and a final week in which he scored 20 in the team's only game, he averaged 20.1 points during the final 7 games of the regular season while the team won six of its final eight,[15] which enabled it to finish tied for fourth for the conference standings and earn the fourth seed in the 2011 Big Ten Conference Men's Basketball Tournament.[28] He led the team in scoring during the 18-game conference schedule of the 2010–11 Big Ten Conference men's basketball season, edging out teammate Darius Morris by a 268–263 (14.9–14.6 points per game) margin. He also led the team in steals (1.17/game), free throw percentage (71.2%, min 2.0 made/game), three point shooting percentage (44.2%, min 1.0 made/game), and three-point shots made per game (2.56) over the course of the conference schedule.[29] Following the Big Ten Conference season, Hardaway was an honorable mention All-Big Ten selection by both the coaches and the media. Hardaway was also one of two unanimous All-Freshman team selections by the coaches.[30] He was one of 21 players selected to the 2011 Collegeinsider.com Freshmen All-America selection.[31]

text: In the semifinals of the 2011 Big Ten Tournament against Ohio State, he set the Michigan freshman single-season three-point shots made record of 74.[32] For the season, Hardaway led the team in three-point shots made per game and free throw percentage (among qualifying players).[33] He finished the season with 16 consecutive double digit scoring efforts.[34]

text: Following the season he was invited to the June 17 – 24, 2011 17-man tryouts for the 12-man FIBA Under-19 World Championship team by USA Basketball.[35] The 12 selected players competed as Team USA in the 2011 FIBA U19 World Championships in Latvia from June 30 – July 10, 2011.[36] He was selected to the team.[37][38]

text: Sophomore year[edit]

text: As a sophomore, he was a preseason top 50 watchlist selection for the John R. Wooden Award and the Naismith College Player of the Year.[39] In the 3-game November 21–23 2011 Maui Invitational Tournament, Hardaway scored 60 points against the #8 Memphis Tigers,[40] #6 Duke Blue Devils,[41] and 2011–12 Pac-12 season favorite UCLA Bruins,[42][43] which helped the team finish in third place and earned him a place on the All-Tournament team.[44] For his performance at the Maui Classic, he earned the Big Ten Player of the Week.[45] In addition, he was named Big Ten Player of the Week by College Sports Madness.[46] In the subsequent game, he picked up two fouls against Virginia in the first 5:33 and sat the final 14:27 of the first half.[47] He finished the November 29 contest with just 5 points, snapping a 22-game double-digit scoring streak.[48] On December 29, he opened the 2011–12 Big Ten Conference men's basketball season with 26 points against Penn State, despite making only 1 of 7 three-point shots.[49] On January 8, 2012, he had his second career double-double with 17 points and 10 rebounds against 19th ranked Wisconsin.[50] By early February, he was in a deep shooting slump.[51][52][53] He posted his second double-double of the season and third of his career on March 1 against Illinois with 25 points and a career-high 11 rebounds.[54][55] As a sophomore, he earned the 2011–12 All-Big Ten 3rd team recognition by the coaches and media.[56] The team earned a share of the 2011–12 Big Ten Conference season regular season championship.[57]

text: Junior year[edit]

text: CBS Sports listed him as the 35th best player in its preseason top 100.[58] He was a preseason John R. Wooden Award top 50 selection.[59] During the season, Trey Burke and Hardaway were constantly referred to as the best backcourt in college basketball. The praise came from a variety of leading media outlets such as FOX Sports,[60] ESPN color commentator Dick Vitale,[61] ESPN journalists such as Miles Simon,[62] Bleacher Report columnist Zach Dirlam (who included backcourt depth provided by Nik Stauskas),[63] as well as lots of local press.

text: Hardaway began the season with a double-double by scoring 25 points (including 5-for-5 three point shooting) and adding 10 rebounds.[64] His fourth career double-double earned him his second Big Ten Player of the Week award.[65] Hardaway earned the NIT Season Tip-Off MVP with 39 points total in the November 21 semifinal and November 23 final against Pittsburgh and Kansas State, respectively.[66][67][68] On December 20, he posted a career-high 7 assists against Eastern Michigan.[69][70] Hardaway suffered an ankle injury that caused him to miss the December 29 game against Central Michigan and that broke his 81 consecutive games played streak that went back to the beginning of his Michigan career.[71] In the subsequent game on January 3, he returned to the lineup for the 2012–13 Big Ten Conference men's basketball season opener against Northwestern with 21 points and four assists in a 94–66 victory.[72] Two games later on January 9, he tied a career high with 11 rebounds and added 15 points for his fifth career double-double.[73][74] On January 17, Michigan defeated Minnesota (#9 AP/#12 Coaches) at Williams Arena, marking the first time Michigan defeated a top-10 team on the road since a December 6, 1996 victory by the 1996–97 team over Duke.[75] Hardaway earned a second Big Ten Player of the Week Award following a 21-points performance on 7-for-8 shooting (4-for-5 three-point shot) with 5 rebounds, 3 assists, 3 steals and 2 blocks.[76] On January 28, Michigan was ranked number one in the AP Poll with 51 of the 65 first place votes.[77] It marked the first time Michigan ranked atop the AP Poll since the Fab Five 1992–93 team did so on December 5, 1992.[78] On February 5, Hardaway tallied a career high 6 three-point shots, including three on consecutive possessions to give Michigan its first lead of the second half in an overtime victory against Ohio State.[79][80]

text: Prior to the 2013 NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Tournament, Jeff Goodman of CBSSports.com named Michigan with Hardaway first among tournament teams in terms of having the most future NBA talent on its roster (in the absence of Kentucky who was relegated to the 2013 National Invitation Tournament).[81] As a number four seed, Michigan defeated its first NCAA tournament opponent, South Dakota State, 71–56.[82] Hardaway established a new NCAA tournament career-high with 21 points. The 27th victory of the season gave the team its most wins in 20 years and matched head coach John Beilein's career high.[83] In the regional finals on March 31 against Florida, freshman Nik Stauskas made all 6 of his three-point shot attempts, pushing his single-season total to 79 and surpassing Hardaway's single-season freshman school record.[84] Following the regional championship postgame prayer and with Mrs. Beilein's consent, Hardaway and Mitch McGary gave head coach John Beilein a gatorade shower.[85] In the April 6 national semifinal against Syracuse, Hardaway contributed a team-high 13 points, 6 rebounds and 5 assists.[86] Two nights later, Michigan lost in the championship game to Louisville by an 82–76 margin as Hardaway contributed 12 points, 5 rebounds and 4 assists.[87]

text: Honors and awards[edit]

text: Following the 2012–13 Big Ten season he was a 1st team All-Big Ten selection by the coaches and a 2nd team selection by the media.[88][89] On March 12, the U.S. Basketball Writers Association named Hardaway to its 2012–13 Men's All-District V (OH, IN, IL, MI, MN, WI) Team, based upon voting from its national membership.[90][91] He was named to the National Association of Basketball Coaches Division I All‐District 7 first team on March 26, as selected and voted on by member coaches of the NABC, making him eligible for the State Farm Coaches’ Division I All-America team.[92]

text: Professional career[edit]

text: 2013 NBA draft[edit]

text: At 12:21 PM ET on April 4, Forbes sports business reporter Darren Heitner tweeted that Hardaway and teammate Burke would declare for the 2013 NBA draft.[93][94][95] At 2:23 PM, Heitner tweeted that Hardaway Sr. said his son was undecided.[96] On April 9 before boarding the airplane to return from the NCAA Final Four, Beilein met with Burke, Hardaway, Robinson and McGary to direct them to seek the advice of the NBA advisory committee. The draft board has until April 15 to develop each individual report and the players have until April 28 to enter the draft.[97] On April 12, ESPN journalist Myron Medcalf predicted Hardaway would enter the draft noting that the 2014 draft was likely to be wing-heavy.[98] On April 17, Hardaway declared for the NBA draft.[99] Hardaway signed with sports agent Mark Bartelstein, the father of a former Michigan teammate who represents 37 NBA players.[100][101] Hardaway was one of 60 players invited to the NBA Draft Combine.[102] At the combine, Hardaway strengthened his draft stock with his physical measurements and his athletic results.[103]

text: Hardaway was drafted 24th by the New York Knicks,[104] who had entered draft day with only two guards under contract.[105] Burke and Hardaway became the first Michigan duo selected in the first round since Juwan Howard and Jalen Rose in the 1994 NBA draft. Hardaway joined his father (14th in 1989 NBA draft) as a first round selection.[106][107]

text: New York Knicks (2013–2015)[edit]

text: 2013–14 season[edit]

text: Hardaway tweeted that he chose to wear jersey number 5 because that was his father's number as a rookie.[108][109] On July 8, the Knicks announced that Hardaway signed a 4-year $6.1 million contract, clearing the way for him to play in the 2013 NBA Summer League.[110] In the second game of the summer league on July 14, he suffered a bruised wrist. At the time, ESPNNewYork.com journalist Jared Zwerling noted that Hardaway had shown strong half court offensive skills, such as the ability to drive off of a pick and roll and an explosive first step, but that his lateral defensive skills needed development.[111] His Summer League season ended with the injury although the injury only had a short-term impact.[112] In the Knicks' first preseason game, which came on October 9 against the Boston Celtics in Providence, Rhode Island, Hardaway scored 16 points, 10 of which came in the fourth quarter, including the game winning shot with just over 8 seconds left.[113][114] During the preseason, Hardaway shot 18-44 (40.9%) on his three-point shots. As a result of his performance and a 5-game suspension for J. R. Smith, he began the 2013–14 NBA season with what Sporting News described as a well earned role on the team.[115]

text: Hardaway made his regular season debut in the 2013–14 Knicks season opener on October 30 at home against Milwaukee with 5 points on a 2–2 shooting night and 2 assists during a 15 minutes of playing time.[116] In his second game, on October 31 against the Chicago Bulls, he played 27 minutes totalling 10 points and 3 rebounds.[117] After Smith returned to the lineup, Hardaway scored 11 points against the San Antonio Spurs on November 10 and 14 points against the Atlanta Hawks on November 13 for sequential career highs.[118][119] He posted his first 3-assist game on November 16 in another contest against the Hawks.[120] On December 1 against the New Orleans Pelicans, Hardaway had a career-high 21 points.[121] When Kenyon Martin sat out against the Boston Celtics on December 8, Hardaway earned his first NBA start.[122] With Carmelo Anthony and Raymond Felton sitting out the Christmas Day game against the Oklahoma City Thunder, Hardaway matched his career high with 21 points.[123] Hardaway was one of three nominees for Eastern Conference NBA Rookie of the Month for December.[124] Hardaway received a lot of publicity for a January 9 dunk over Ray Allen.[125][126] On January 29, he was named a Rising Stars Challenge participant as part of the 2014 NBA All-Star Game weekend.[127] The following night Hardaway set a career high with a game high (tied with Carmelo Anthony) 29 points against the Cleveland Cavaliers.[128] Hardaway was one of four nominees for Eastern Conference NBA Rookie of the Month for January.[129] In the February 14 Rising Stars Challenge, Hardaway had 36 points, including 7 three point shots, many coming in a one-on-one battle with Dion Waiters.[130] Hardaway was one of three finalists for February Eastern Conference Rookie of the Month, but he lost to Victor Oladipo.[131] After stringing together three consecutive 20-point games,[132][133][134] Hardaway was a finalist for NBA Player of the Week on March 17 and for Eastern Conference Rookie of the Month in March.[135][136] He was also a finalist for Eastern Conference Player of the Month in April.[137] Hardaway finished fifth in the NBA Rookie of the Year Award balloting.[138][139] As a result of his fifth-place finish in the separate NBA All-Rookie Team voting he was a first team NBA All-Rookie selection.[140][141]

text: 2014–15 season[edit]

text: Hardaway committed to represent the Knicks in 2014 NBA Summer League.[142][143] In five summer league games, he averaged 22.8 points per game,[144] which was second in the league.[145] He earned NBA All-Summer League second team recognition.[146] On July 18, he was named to practice with the USA Basketball National Select Team from July 28 — 31.[147]

text: Hardaway began the season getting sparse minutes behind starting shooting guard Iman Shumpert and Smith.[148] However, on November 7, the Knicks shuffled the lineup, moving Hardaway into the starting lineup against the Brooklyn Nets.[149][150] The move came two nights after Hardaway scored a team-high 20 points off the bench against the Detroit Pistons.[151][152] As the Knicks continued to lose games, Hardaway was moved out of the starting lineup for Quincy Acy on November 12 as head coach Derek Fisher experimented with his lineup.[153][154] He replaced Anthony in the starting lineup on December 10 and had a team-high 23 points against the San Antonio Spurs.[155] With both Smith and Shumpert injured in mid-December, Hardaway was again inserted into the starting lineup.[156] He endured a mild concussion in the December 31 game against the Los Angeles Clippers causing him to sit on January 2 against the Detroit Pistons.[157][158] He returned to the lineup on January 4 against the Milwaukee Bucks when the team endured a franchise record 10th consecutive home loss.[159] On January 24, Hardaway posted a season-high 25 points along with 6 rebounds and 5 assists against the Charlotte Hornets.[160] On March 7, Hardaway experienced back spasms while playing against the Indiana Pacers.[161] He missed the next two games.[162] He then returned to the lineup on March 12, to lead the team to victory over the Los Angeles Lakers by scoring 22 points.[163] Then after playing two minutes against the Phoenix Suns, Hardaway injured his wrist on March 15.[164] He then missed the next 9 games before returning to the lineup on April 3 against the Washington Wizards.[165] He again posted 25 points in the season finale on April 15 against Detroit.[166]

text: Atlanta Hawks (2015–2017)[edit]

text: On June 25, 2015, Hardaway was traded to the Atlanta Hawks in exchange for the draft rights to Jerian Grant.[167] Despite averaging 24 points in the Hawks' final two preseason contests, Hardaway was listed as inactive for the season opener.[168] However, on the same day that they announced he would be inactive for the opener, the Hawks announced that they picked up the team option for the 2016–17 season. He was expected to battle Kyle Korver, Kent Bazemore, and Thabo Sefolosha for playing time as the season progressed.[169] Hardaway also found himself competing with Lamar Patterson and Justin Holiday for time as he adjusted to his new team and their new gameplan.[170][171] As a result, Hardaway did not debut with the Hawks until November 24 against the Boston Celtics in the team's 16th game.[172]

text: On December 3, 2015, using the flexible assignment rule, the Hawks assigned Hardaway to the Canton Charge, the D-League affiliate of the Cleveland Cavaliers.[173] He was recalled by the Hawks three days later.[174] On December 28, again using the flexible assignment rule, he was assigned this time to the Austin Spurs, the affiliate of the San Antonio Spurs.[175] On January 3, 2016, he was recalled by the Hawks.[176] Two days later, he played in his first game for the Hawks since November 28, scoring three points in 12 minutes off the bench in a 107–101 loss to the New York Knicks.[177] He eventually moved into a backup role with the team, playing in 25 consecutive games by the end of February.[178]

text: Hardaway made his first start for Atlanta on March 17, 2016 against the Denver Nuggets. He posted a season-high 21 points, seven rebounds, four assists, a steal and no turnovers in a season-high 29 minutes, far surpassing his February 3 season best of 13 points against Philadelphia 76ers.[179]

text: In the Hawks' season opener on October 27, 2016, Hardaway scored 21 points off the bench in a 114–99 win over the Washington Wizards. 12 of his points came in the final quarter as the Hawks extended their 1-point lead.[180] He exhibited increased production in his second year with Atlanta and started a pair of games in place of an injured Bazemore in December.[181] On January 1, 2017, he matched his career high with 29 points, including a tying three-pointer with 3.3 seconds remaining in regulation, nine points in overtime and the go-ahead free throw with 10.8 seconds remaining in overtime, to help the Hawks defeat the San Antonio Spurs 114–112.[182] Hardaway contributed 19 points (including 9 in the fourth quarter) as a starter in the quadruple overtime January 29 victory over the New York Knicks, playing 58 minutes.[183] On February 2, Hardaway contributed 23 of his career-high 33 points in the fourth quarter, as he helped his team rally from as many as 20 points down against the Houston Rockets to win the contest.[184] On March 3, he made five of nine three-pointers and scored a career-high 36 points in a 135–130 loss to the Cleveland Cavaliers.[185] Hardaway had a career-high 9 rebounds to go along with 21 points on April 9 against Cleveland as part of a week in which Hardaway averaged 22 points in a 3–0 week for the Hawks.[186]

text: Return to New York (2017–present)[edit]

text: Following the 2016–17 season, the Hawks extended Hardaway a qualifying offer, making him a restricted free agent (giving the Hawks the right to match any offer that he signed).[187] On July 6, 2017, Hardaway received a four-year, $71 million offer sheet from the Knicks; Atlanta had 48 hours to match the offer or lose Hardaway.[188] The contract of $16.50M, $17.32M, $18.15M and $18.97M has a player option in year 4 and includes a 15% bonus of outstanding year 1 through 3 salary in the event of a trade.[189] The Hawks declined to match the offer,[190] and Hardaway signed with the Knicks on July 8.[191] Hardaway began the season in the starting lineup.[192] On October 29, 2017, he scored a game-high 34 points in a 114–95 win over the Cleveland Cavaliers.[193] On November 8, 2017, with Kristaps Porziņģis sidelined, Hardaway posted his first NBA career double-double with a game-high 26 points and 11 rebounds against the Orlando Magic.[194] He posted his second double-double against the Cavaliers five days later with a game-high 28 points and 10 rebounds, with Porziņģis back in the lineup.[195] On November 22, Hardaway scored a career-high 38 points, including 12 during a 28–0 run in the third that sent New York to a 108–100 victory over the Toronto Raptors.[196] On December 5, he was ruled out for at least two weeks with a stress injury to his left leg.[197] On January 12, he returned for the Knicks after missing 20 games. He scored 16 points in 25 minutes off the bench in a 118–108 loss to the Minnesota Timberwolves.[198] On February 14, he scored 32 of his 37 points in the first half of the Knicks' 118–113 loss to the Washington Wizards.[199]

text: NBA career statistics[edit]

text:
Legend

  GP
Games played
  GS
Games started
 MPG
Minutes per game

 FG%
Field goal percentage
 3P%
3-point field goal percentage
 FT%
Free throw percentage

 RPG
Rebounds per game
 APG
Assists per game
 SPG
Steals per game

 BPG
Blocks per game
 PPG
Points per game
 Bold
Career high

text: Regular season[edit]

text:
Year
Team
GP
GS
MPG
FG%
3P%
FT%
RPG
APG
SPG
BPG
PPG

2013–14
New York
81
1
23.1
.428
.363
.828
1.5
.8
.5
.1
10.2

2014–15
New York
70
30
24.0
.389
.342
.801
2.2
1.8
.3
.2
11.5

2015–16
Atlanta
51
1
16.9
.430
.338
.893
1.7
1.0
.4
.1
6.4

2016–17
Atlanta
79
30
27.3
.455
.357
.766
2.8
2.3
.7
.2
14.5

Career
281
62
23.4
.427
.352
.803
2.1
1.5
.5
.2
11.0

text: Playoffs[edit]

text:
Year
Team
GP
GS
MPG
FG%
3P%
FT%
RPG
APG
SPG
BPG
PPG

2016
Atlanta
9
0
9.7
.269
.143
.667
1.0
.8
.0
.1
2.2

2017
Atlanta
6
6
33.3
.329
.262
.632
2.7
1.2
.5
.0
12.8

Career
15
6
19.1
.315
.232
.640
1.7
.9
.2
.1
6.5

text: Personal life[edit]

text: He has a sister named Nia,[4] a dog named Tito, and is the son of five-time NBA All-Star Tim Hardaway. During the 2012–13 season, Hardaway memorialized deceased friends on his left shoe and deceased family members on his right shoe.[10]


document_title: List of men's footballers with 500 or more goals

question_text: who is the highest goal scorer in the football history

text: In top-level  football, at least 28 players have scored 500 or more goals over the course of their career, according to research by the Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation. Only players who were active in top division football for all or most of their careers are considered. The ranking below takes into account goals scored in official matches played with national teams at all age levels and clubs in all divisions.[1]

text: Ranking[edit]

text:
Unverified data is excluded from players' data; goal and match totals may be higher.
Players in bold are currently active; data is accurate as of the 12 August 2018.[2][3]

text:
Rank

Player

Goals

Matches

Ratio

Years

1

 AUT/ CZE Josef Bican [4] [5]

805

530

1.52

1931–1955

2

 Romário (BRA)

772

994

0.78

1985–2007

3

 Pelé (BRA)

767

831

0.92

1957–1977

4

 Ferenc Puskás (HUN)

746

754

0.99

1943–1966

5

 Gerd Müller (GER)

735

793

0.92

1962–1981

6

 Cristiano  Ronaldo (POR)

676

951

0.71

2001–present

7

 Lionel Messi (ARG)

644

821

0.78

2003–present

8

 Ferenc Deák (HUN)

576

1940–1957

9

 Uwe Seeler (GER)

575

649

0.89

1953–1978

 Túlio Maravilha (BRA)

575

—

1988–2012

11

 Arthur Friedenreich (BRA)

557

1909–1935

12

 Ernst Willimowski (POL)

554

—

1934–1955

13

 Eusébio (POR)

552

—

1957–1979

14

 Jimmy McGrory (SCO)

550

—

1922–1937

15

 Franz Binder (AUT)

546

—

1930–1949

16

 Fernando Peyroteo (POR)

544

354

1.54

1937–1949

17

 Hugo Sánchez (MEX)

541

—

1976–1997

18

 Fritz Walter (GER)

539

—

1937–1959

19

 József Takács (HUN)

523

—

1917–1934

20

 Gyula Zsengellér (HUN)

522

—

1935–1953

 Zico (BRA)

522

—

1971–1994

22

 Alfredo Di Stéfano (ARG)

514

—

1945–1966

 Hans Krankl (AUT)

514

—

1970–1989

24

 Gunnar Nordahl (SWE)

513

—

1937–1958

25

 Roberto Dinamite (BRA)

512

—

1971–1993

26

 Jimmy Greaves (ENG)

511

—

1957–1980

27

 Ferenc Bene (HUN)

508

—

1961–1978

28

 Zlatan Ibrahimović (SWE)

505

875

0.58

1999–present

text: Source: Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation[1]