document_title: America's Funniest Home Videos

question_text: when does season 28 of america's funniest home videos start

question_tokens: when does season 28 of america 's funniest home videos start

text: America's Funniest Home Videos

text: Premise[edit]

text: Executive produced by Vin Di Bona, Todd Thicke and Michele Nasraway,[1] and created by Vin Di Bona, it is the longest-running primetime entertainment (non-news) program on ABC (both on the network's current schedule and dating back to ABC's incorporation as a television network in 1948). It is based on the Tokyo Broadcasting System program Fun TV with Kato-chan and Ken-chan, which featured a segment in which viewers were invited to send in video clips from their home movies; ABC, which owns half of the program, pays a royalty fee to the Tokyo Broadcasting System for the use of the format (although the original parent show left the air in 1992).[2] A more similar concept in that a whole 30-to-45-minute show consisted of nothing but short clips from amateur home videos with slapstick-like accidents presented by a host began broadcasting only two months after the start of Fun TV with Kato-chan and Ken-chan in Japan, under the title Pleiten, Pech und Pannen (lit., "Crashes, bad luck, and slip ups") in Germany in March 1986, that program lasted until 2003.

text: Contestants can send their videos in by uploading them as a digital file onto the show's official website, AFV.com, which launched in 2012. From 2008 to 2012, viewers were able to upload their videos digitally to ABC's website, ABC.com; after the separate website for the program went online, users trying to access the America's Funniest Home Videos page on ABC's website – via the show page link on the site's program menu – are now automatically redirected to AFV.com and forwarded to the clip uploading process on that site. Videos can also be sent via conventional mail on VHS and other such home video formats (VHS-C, 8 mm video cassettes [to name a few]), and later as the format started to become common for home recording use in the early 2000s decade, DVD to a Hollywood, California post-office box address, with clips placed on USB flash drives and other forms of consumer flash memory formats also acceptable for physical submission as time has gone on.

text: Due to its very low cost and universal appeal, the format has since been reproduced around the world and AFV-inspired television specials and series continue to emerge periodically in the United States. American television series inspired by AFV's format that are not related to the series itself include The Planet's Funniest Animals, The World's Funniest!, The World's Funniest Moments, Funniest Pets & People and It Only Hurts When I Laugh; however, most of the series inspired by AFV (with the minor exception of The Planet's Funniest Animals) have not matched the success of America's Funniest Home Videos and have not lasted as long. Several local television stations, even those not affiliated with ABC, also developed special funny home video segments in their newscasts during the early 1990s, inspired by the series.[3]

text: The majority of the video clips are short (5–30 seconds) and are mostly related to the host's monologues. Videos typically feature people and animals getting into humorous accidents caught on camera; while others include clever marriage proposals, people and animals displaying interesting talents (such as pets that sound like they speak certain words or phrases, or genius toddlers with the ability to name all past U.S. Presidents), and practical jokes. A group of screeners view the submitted tapes, giving them a grade (on a scale of 1–10) based on that particular tape's humor. The videos deemed the funniest by the screeners then go on to the show's producers and then is turned over to Di Bona and another producer for final approval.[4] Home video material that involves staged accidents, or/and adults, children, or babies getting seriously injured or the abuse of animals or overall does not meet ABC network standards and practices are generally not accepted and will not appear on the show.[5]

text: Every week, three of the videos seen (which are among those included in the episode) are chosen by the producers and voted on by the studio audience. The winner wins $10,000 and is in the running for the $100,000 prize at the end of a seven- or ten-show run, while the runner-up receives $3,000 and the third place video receives $2,000. In the show's first season, the second and third prizes respectively were a new TV and VCR and a new camcorder. On the initial hour-long special, the grand prize was $5,000 with second and third places both winning a new camcorder; the producer picked the winner, with no audience voting. Periodically, beginning with the Tom Bergeron run of the series and continuing on into the Alfonso Ribiero run, the grand prize winner at each season's final $100,000 contest will also win a free vacation package, supplied by either Adventures by Disney or Disney Vacation Club, in addition to the monetary prize. The program's studio segments are taped in front of a studio audience (although the specials that aired in 1999 and 2000 only featured pre-recorded audience responses); audience members are asked to dress in "business casual or nicer".[6]

text: Show creator Vin Di Bona has produced two similar programs: America's Funniest People (1990–94) and World's Funniest Videos (1996).[7] Di Bona also created two series featuring home videos that were largely culled from those seen on AFHV and America's Funniest People: the syndicated series That's Funny (2004–06)[8] and the Fox Family Channel series Show Me The Funny (1998–2000). Many of the clips have been used internationally in various comedy compilation programs, with changes such as dubbing and subtitling. The title of the show is usually changed and the studio segments are omitted.

text: As noted in the closing credits of each episode, most of the videos have been edited for length due to time constraints. In addition, according to the contest plugs, family members (both immediate or relatives) of employees of Vin Di Bona Productions, ABC, Inc., its corporate parent The Walt Disney Company (and for a good portion of Saget's hosting tenure, its legal predecessor, Capital Cities/ABC) and their related subsidiaries are ineligible for the show's contests and prizes.

text: On October 3, 2010, beginning with the season 21 premiere,[9] America's Funniest Home Videos began broadcasting in high definition. Many of the videos, which are largely shot using standard definition camcorders, began to be stretched horizontally to fit 16:9 screens. However, since the 2012–13 season, videos shot in 4:3 standard definition began to be pillarboxed (particularly videos that are recorded on mobile devices that are shot at a vertical angle that would not even fit the 4:3 safe area of many television sets entirely; since the conversion to HD, the series has featured advisories to viewers to tilt their mobile devices horizontally to when recording in order for their videos to fit 16:9 screens). In 2014, all episodes of the show that were originally produced and aired in standard definition before both the season 21 premiere and the show's initial conversion to HD capability simultaneously in 2010 and/or already airing in rerun syndication for almost over a decade or more (and still are) got stretched vertically downward with slightly re-edited graphics due to widescreen and HD broadcast capability and signals on more broadcast television stations (and cable) networks, AFV's 25th anniversary, Tom Bergeron's 15th and final year as host of the show, and Alfonso Ribiero's entrance as the current host in season 26 that also included an almost-brand-new set, new version of the theme song, new graphics, and new logo among other things; while the funny video clips recorded with the use of camcorders before 2009 or the years preceding the invention of today's mobile devices such as the iPhone or iPad (and especially the videos that were aired on episodes in the Bob Saget, John Fugelsang, Daisy Fuentes, and the early Tom Bergeron eras of AFV) continued (and still continue in the Alfonso Ribiero run of AFV) to be stretched horizontally to this day.

text: History[edit]

text: 1989–1997: Bob Saget[edit]

text: The show debuted on November 26, 1989 as an hour-long special,[10] produced by Vin Di Bona and Steve Paskay, with actor/comedian Bob Saget (then starring in the ABC sitcom Full House) as its host. Saget was assisted in hosting the special by actress Kellie Martin, then the star of fellow ABC series Life Goes On, a family drama which would serve as the lead-in program to AFHV for the latter show's first four seasons. Prior to the airing of the initial special, in the fall of 1989, Vin Di Bona Productions took out ads in national magazines (such as TV Guide) asking people to send in their home videos featuring funny or amazing moments.[11]

text: John Ritter was Vin di Bona's first choice as host of the program, but he proved to be unavailable.[12]

text: Originally intended as a one-off special, it became an unexpected hit, causing ABC to place an episode order for the show turning it into a regular weekly half-hour primetime series;[13] it made its debut as a series on January 14, 1990.[14] Ernie Anderson served as announcer; once Anderson became too ill to continue, Gary Owens took over as announcer in 1995 (though Anderson briefly returned until his death in 1997).

text: Besides hosting the series, Saget also served as a member of its writing staff, alongside Todd Thicke and Bob Arnott. The success of AFHV led to a spinoff called America's Funniest People, hosted by Saget's Full House co-star Dave Coulier (and co-hosted by actress/producer Arleen Sorkin for the first two seasons, then model Tawny Kitaen for the final two), focusing on videos featuring people intentionally trying to be funny by doing celebrity impressions, committing pranks, and performing short amateur comedy routines, among other things.[15]

text: During the show's first four seasons, America's Funniest Home Videos aired on Sunday nights at 8:00 p.m. Eastern Time;[16] beginning with the fifth season, the show started the Sunday primetime lineup on ABC, airing at 7:00 p.m. Eastern, followed by America's Funniest People at 7:30 p.m. Eastern as part of an hour-long block of funny home videos.[17] Saget always ended each episode with the phrase "Keep those cameras safely rolling", and saying something to his wife who was (implied to be) watching the show.

text: Beginning about the middle of the first season, the show began featuring the "Assignment America" segment, which called for a series of videos to be sent in (collected or made) pertaining to a specific theme. Another segment introduced during Saget's tenure as host called "Backwards Classics," shows videos being played in reverse set to classical music. Since the show's debut as a regular series, the show routinely includes two to three times per episode, a montage of themed videos set to a particular song, called the "Music Montage"; classic songs (mostly from the 1950s through the 1970s, with only a few songs from the 1980s scattered in) were used during these montages in the original run of the series, though more recent pop, R&B and rock songs have been incorporated since Tom Bergeron became the show's host. In season five, an animated sidekick was introduced named "Stretchy McGillicuddy" (voiced by Danny Mann), who was known for trying to tease Saget and doing other crazy things. In one episode (in season five), he was shown on the two large TV monitors on both sides of the set and Bob had to turn him off with a remote. Stretchy's catchphrase was: "Don't get a little touchy Bob, I'm just a little stretchy!" The character was dropped from the show at the end of the seventh season.

text: In 1994, ABC canceled America's Funniest People after four seasons due to declining ratings and had to decide what to do with the Sunday night 7:30 p.m. Eastern slot that was now left vacant. After trying out the short-lived sitcom On Our Own in the 7:30 p.m. slot after AFHV during the 1994–95 season,[18] ABC then later chose to expand America's Funniest Home Videos to one hour with back-to-back airings, with that week's new episode being shown in the first half-hour, followed by a repeat from a previous season to fill the remaining time. On February 1, 1996, another spinoff of AFHV debuted called World's Funniest Videos;[19] which was taped at Walt Disney World in Lake Buena Vista, Florida; this series was also hosted by Coulier, along with actress Eva LaRue. Paired with a weekly version of the popular Before They Were Stars specials on Thursday nights, World's Funniest Videos focused on funny and amazing home videos from around the world.[20] However, due to low ratings, ABC put it on hiatus a few weeks after its debut,[21] before cancelling the series outright after only one season and burning off the remaining episodes that summer. For Saget's final season on AFHV, two new episodes would be shown.

text: Numerous comedy skits were performed on the set during Saget's tenure as host. The set consisted of a living room design (the main set, originally a three-wall design with a bay window, was remodeled for the 1992–93 season as a flatter frame outline with translucent walls – though the furniture featured on the original set remained). The beginning of each episode was tied in with a skit just before the transition was made from the introduction to Saget. This usually consisted of several actors in a fake room (usually in the upper part of the audience section or in another soundstage) pretending to get excited watching America's Funniest Home Videos. This technique was scrapped at the end of the fifth season.

text: Saget soon grew tired of the repetitive format and was eager to pursue other projects as a comedian, actor, and director. Producer Di Bona held him to his contract, resulting in a frustrated Saget listlessly going through the motions, constantly getting out of character, and making pointed remarks on the air during his last two seasons. Saget's contract expired in May 1997, and he decided to leave the show afterward. However, according to Vin Di Bona, the producers felt a change (and change of hosts) was needed for AFV as a result of ABC going through a change of leadership (hence ABC's ownership transition from Capital Cities to Disney).[22][23] His former Full House castmates (except for Mary-Kate and Ashley Olsen) were present in the episode prior to the $100,000 season finale, which was his final episode. Saget returned to America's Funniest Home Videos on two different occasions, first, to co-host a 20th anniversary special edition episode alongside Tom Bergeron, which aired on November 29, 2009 (which was four days shy of AFV's actual 20th anniversary date of its premiere on the air on November 26, 1989); and on May 17, 2015, he made a cameo appearance at the end of Tom Bergeron's final episode as host of AFV in Disneyland. He has yet to make his first guest appearance on Alfonso Ribiero's AFV, which would be his third guest appearance on the show and his second guest appearance on the road or in the studio.[24]

text: 1998–1999: John Fugelsang & Daisy Fuentes[edit]

text: After Saget's departure from the series, ABC sidelined America's Funniest Home Videos from the network's 1997–98 fall schedule, choosing to bring it back as a mid-season replacement.[25] The show began to be alternately called AFV at this point (though the show officially continued to be titled America's Funniest Home Videos). The series returned for season nine on January 5, 1998, with new hosts and an overhauled look. Comedian John Fugelsang and model-turned-television personality Daisy Fuentes took over as co-hosts of the show.[26] Jess Harnell also succeeded Owens as the show's announcer and still holds that position to this day.

text: During this period, the show introduced a segment called "Bad News, Good News," which shows a video of an accident; then one of the hosts makes a humorous statement about the upside of what happened. This segment continued to appear occasionally until the fourth year of Tom Bergeron's stint as host. Another notable segment was the "AFV Hall of Fame", in which a clip is shown, and Fugelsang reveals the moment of impact (a screen that shows a still picture of that clip) that occurred in it. This segment was scrapped at the end of season ten. Another featured segment was "Who Would You Like to See...", in which a random person is asked which celebrity they would like to see involved in a random humorous mishap, with a photo of a celebrity's face posterized over the face of the actual person in the video.

text: With the Sunday night 7:00 p.m. Eastern time slot now occupied by Disney films aired as part of The Wonderful World of Disney,[27] the show constantly changed timeslots, moving from Monday nights[28] to Thursday nights[29] to Saturday nights.[30] The ratings for the show suffered during this period, and both Fuentes and Fugelsang left the show after two seasons in 1999. Their last episode – which aired on May 6 of that year – was taped at the House of Blues in West Hollywood, California. The only honorable mention of John Fugelsang, Daisy Fuentes, and segments showcasing their run to date was the 2-part 300th episode AFV special in 2003 during the early years of the Bergeron run, which also showcased Saget's run of episodes in select segments, as well. They have yet to make their first guest appearances on the road or in the studio on AFV, as they have never been invited back as guests since their final episodes as co-hosts back in 1999.

text: 1999–2000: Specials[edit]

text: In May 1999, ABC announced that it would discontinue America's Funniest Home Videos as a regular weekly series,[31] but the show returned occasionally as a series of specials hosted by various ABC sitcom stars including The Hughleys star D.L. Hughley and Spin City co-star Richard Kind. The show moved to a much smaller soundstage and the set featured various video screens and monitors (resembling iMac computers) placed on shelves. A special sports version of the show called AFV: The Sports Edition, that was hosted by ESPN anchor Stuart Scott, was rebroadcast every New Year's Day and aired occasionally before NBA playoff games with a post 8:30 p.m. Eastern Time tip-off until 2008. A special entitled America's Funniest Home Videos: Deluxe Uncensored (which was released only on home video, and featured somewhat more risque content than that allowed on the television broadcasts) was hosted by Steve Carell and taped on the set used from the 1998–99 season. These specials (except for the special sports edition) were not taped in front of a live studio audience, instead applause and laugh tracks were used during commercial bumpers and just before, during, and after video packages.

text: 2001–2015: Tom Bergeron[edit]

text: In October 2000, ABC announced its decision to return America's Funniest Home Videos as a regular weekly series, ordering 13 new episodes.[32] On July 20, 2001, the show returned in its third format, this time with host Tom Bergeron (who was also hosting Hollywood Squares at the time). By this point, the show was expanded to full hour-long episodes, instead of two consecutive half-hour episodes. The show was now being seen on Friday nights at 8:00 p.m. Eastern Time; however, it went on hiatus for two months due in part to the September 11 attacks and also because of ABC airing specials and trying a new Friday night lineup. That lineup was short-lived, and the show returned to the schedule in December 2001. In his earlier episodes, Bergeron used the set (with the bulky see-through iMac computers) from the AFV specials that aired in 2000, until the latter part of his first season, when a new set (with a studio audience) was introduced featuring a round video screen with several monitors.

text: In September 2003, the show returned to its former Sunday 7:00 p.m. Eastern timeslot, still an hour long (though special episodes occasionally aired on Friday nights until 2007). Unlike Saget, who provided voice-overs to the clips, Bergeron humorously narrated them, though he did lend his voice to some clips from time to time.

text: The Bergeron version added new segments, such as "Tom's Home Movies", where his face is digitally superimposed over the face of a person in each of the videos with varying expressions shown to match the person's reaction to their mishaps in the videos (a recurring gag referenced by Bergeron in this segment is on his superimposed head being larger than normal size), various audience participation games using funny home videos including "Head, Gut, or Groin," where Tom picked one or two members of the studio audience to guess whether the person in the video would be hit in the aforementioned three areas of the body in order to win an America's Funniest Home Videos compilation DVD (since the 2012–13 season, a bobblehead of Bergeron was given as the prize) and the "slo-mo gizmo", where a video is played first at normal speed and then again at a slower speed and telestrated. Bergeron nearly always ended each episode with the phrase "If you get it on (video) tape, you could get it in cash", which was later changed to "Upload to us. Get rich, get famous" by the 2008–09 season.

text: While only four of the segments ("Vs.", "The Dog/Cat Park", "Name That Sound", and "A Moment With...") continue to be shown on Alfonso Ribiero's AFV at present, the segments introduced (and still seen in reruns) during this period when Tom Bergeron hosted the show include:

text:
"Vs." (featuring compilations of two sets of related videos, in which the "winner" of the two is revealed at the end, followed by a fictional "preview" of the videos in which the winner is claimed to face in the next segment)
"A Moment of Ewww" (featuring a video that focuses on something gross such as mucus hanging from a person's nose after sneezing)
"The Dog/Cat Park" (a compilation of animal videos featuring dogs or cats that is named accordingly to the animals featured)
"AFV Family of the Week" (featuring funny videos of adults and children, the "family" featured are actually people of no familial relation)
"Nincompoop Corner" (a compilation of videos of people getting into situations that humorously showcase a lack of good judgement)
"AFV Dictionary" (featuring a humorous dictionary definition made to apply to the video being shown)
"Name that Sound" (which features audio of an unusual sound, followed by a clip of the video which the sound came from that usually reveals a person or animal making the noise)
"Pick the Real Video" (a multiple-choice game in which audience members are asked to choose which video is the one that will be shown)
"What's Behind the Blue Blob", "Kid, Cat, or Canine" (both it and "What's Behind the Blue Blob" are games which audience members are asked to guess the person, animal or object featured in the video that is then revealed)
"The Naughty File" (featuring a video incorporating inappropriate behavior such as a child urinating at a family gathering)
"A Moment With..."
"What's Up with the French?"
"AFV Pop Quiz" (a multiple-choice game leading into and out of a commercial break in which viewers are asked to guess what occurs next in the video)
"The AFV $10,000 Club" (an early segment in which a home video that already won $10,000 in a previous show was showcased)
Mysterious Mysteries of Mystery (an early segment in which Tom narrates a video with mysterious things happening like balloons replacing faces, in news headline form)
On This Day in AFV History (an early segment in which Tom narrates a very old video, with a date, which Tom says that date, for example, a video from October 10, 1987 features a kid petting a dog, which bites him in the crotch)

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text: Starting with the 2007–08 season, the series began allowing viewers to upload their funny home videos online at ABC.com, but has since the 2012–13 season; launched their own website that same year in 2013 and has viewers upload their videos instead to AFV.com, in addition to sending their videos via standard mail. Except for reruns of episodes from seasons 21 and 22 that referenced uploading to ABC.com, the re-edited season 11–20 episodes that used to originally reference ABC.com on the unaltered versions of the episodes now reference uploading to AFV.com.[33] During the 2011–12 season, the AFV iOS app was released on the App Store, allowing users of Apple mobile devices to record and upload videos for submission to the show; a version of the app was released for Android devices the following season.

text: In the final six seasons of Tom Bergeron's run as host, the show started its "Funny Since 1989" campaign in 2009 and had two anniversary seasons. Season 20, in 2009, had a special 20th anniversary episode that aired on November 29, 2009. The special brought back Bob Saget to AFV for the first time in 12 years as a guest. Both Saget and Bergeron ended that episode with a pinata party skit and a nod to the Star Wars lightsaber fight scenes when the credits started rolling. The pinatas resembled the looks of the two hosts. Five years later, on March 7, 2014, Bergeron announced on his Twitter account that season 25 would be his last.[34] AFV aired a 25th Anniversary Celebrity Celebration special in February 2015. Bergeron's final new episode from his in-studio stage home of 15 years (which was really his second to final episode) aired on May 10, 2015 (and for the final time in rerun form on ABC on September 13, 2015), and was the final (and season 25's second) $100,000 show of his tenure and featured at different times of the episode a look back at classic and modern funny home videos that defined the show's then-25-year run. Bergeron's "real" final new episode aired on May 17, 2015, the season finale, ending his run as host after fifteen seasons (the longest hosting tenure for the series to date). The episode – taped on-location at Disneyland for that season's edition of the annual "Grand Prize Spectacular", AFV's 25th anniversary, and the Disneyland Resort's 60th Anniversary Diamond Celebration that began on May 22, 2015 (which has appeared in various formats since 2005, in which one of the two (formerly three) $100,000 winners from the current season wins a Walt Disney Parks and Resorts, or in earlier seasons, an Adventures by Disney vacation package) – featured an auto-tuned montage of clips and outtakes from Bergeron's run as host and closed with him being escorted after walking off the outdoor stage near Sleeping Beauty Castle following the grand prize presentation on a cart driven by original host Bob Saget in a special cameo appearance. ABC aired encores of this episode on two different occasions. First, on July 19, 2015 to coincide with Disneyland's official 60th birthday on the weekend of July 17, 2015 (the actual 60th anniversary of Disneyland's grand-opening on July 17, 1955) and again on September 20, 2015 as the network's final episode airing, new or rerun, of AFV with Tom Bergeron and him as host signing off for the final time. Tom Bergeron made his first guest appearance in the studio on the season 26 "Grand Prize Spectacular" finale of Alfonso Ribiero's AFV on May 22, 2016 and played the show's final on-air audience participation game "Who Breaks It?" and won an Alfonso Ribiero AFV pillow and socks.[35][36]

text: 2015–present: Alfonso Ribeiro[edit]

text: On May 19, 2015, two days after Bergeron's final episode aired, ABC announced that Alfonso Ribeiro (known for playing Carlton Banks on The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air) would take over as host of AFV beginning with the season 26 premiere on October 11, 2015. Bergeron formally introduced Ribeiro's new role as host during the latter's guest performance on the season 20 finale of Dancing with the Stars (Ribeiro appeared as a DWTS competitor and won the prior season). Before becoming the current host of the show, Alfonso Ribiero made his first (and final) guest appearance in the studio on a season 25 episode of AFV playing one of the show's audience participation games with then-host Tom Bergeron called "Who's Makin' That Racket?". While some of the Tom Bergeron-era clip segments, the in-studio audience, and background parts of the Tom Bergeron-era set props remained intact and/or continued to air for Alfonso Ribeiro's first (and AFV's final) three seasons, the stage featured a floor layout and stairway connected to a rubics-like cube with flat-screen TVs and new segments (especially for Alfonso Ribiero's run) continued to be added and aired on the show. The Assignment America and musical montage segments that started in the Bob Saget-era and the honorable mentions segments and Disney Grand Prize Vacation Sweepstakes Contests that started in the Tom Bergeron-era also continued.[37][35][38]

text: In May 2017, ABC renewed AFV for a 28th season which premiered at 8/7 central (still an hour-long on Sunday nights) for the first time since 2003 on October 8, 2017 due to ABC airing (and premiering on Sunday, October 1, 2017) the 2nd season of The Toy Box at 7/6 central on Sunday nights. Whether or not AFV returns to 7/6 central once The Toy Box ends it's 2nd season in November 2017 is yet to be determined.[39]

text: $100,000 contest[edit]

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text: After every half of the season, the $10,000 winners from the preceding episodes are brought back to participate in a contest to win an additional $100,000. (Previously, there would be three $100,000 shows per season, after runs of shows consisting of either 5, 6, or 7 episodes. Beginning with the 24th season, the format changed to two $100,000 shows, each one after a 9-or-10-episode run. This format was also used during seasons 9, 12, 13, and 14.) Two $100,000 contests air each season (the final $100,000 episode originally aired as the season finale until the 15th season, at which point it begin airing as the episode before each season's final episode), though only one aired in the first season.[40]

text: Voting[edit]

text:
1990–97 (Saget version): ABC stations (5 in season one, 3 from 1990 to 1993, and 2 from 1993 onward) around the country are joined via satellite to cast their votes along with the Los Angeles studio audience (the final $100,000 show of season two was decided by a telephone vote)
1998–99 (Fuentes/Fugelsang version): Only the Los Angeles studio audience voted (with an audience from Minneapolis, Minnesota joining via satellite in one episode during season 10).
2001–present: Three formats have been used at various times:

text:
The Los Angeles studio audience votes to determine the winner.
Viewers log onto the show's website to cast their votes.
The show declares the winner by going to the Disney Parks and asking park-goers, as well inviting characters like Mickey Mouse, Minnie Mouse, Donald Duck and Goofy, to determine the $100,000 winning clip.[40]

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text: Other contests[edit]

text:
2002: "Battle of the Best": The Quad Squad ($25,000 and trip to Maui)[41]
2005: Disney Dream Vacation ($100,000 and free vacations to all 11 Disney theme parks around the world)
2006: Dancing Machine ($100,000 and free vacations to 500+ places for 48 years)
2006: "Funniest Video of All-Time": The Quad Squad ($250,000)
2009: Birthday Blowout ($100,000 and free vacations to 500+ places for 50 years)
2015: H20 NO-NO: Trip To Disneyland for 60 People (to celebrate the Disneyland Resort 60th Anniversary Diamond Celebration)

text: Ratings[edit]

text: Season averages[edit]

text: America's Funniest Home Videos became an instant hit with audiences, with the original special in November 1989 averaging a 17.7 rating and 25 share, finishing at ninth place in the Nielsen ratings that week. When it debuted as a weekly Sunday night series in January 1990, the show averaged an 18.0 rating/27 share, finishing at 16th place.[42] It placed within Nielsen's Top 5 highest-rated weekly series within weeks of its debut;[13] by March 1990, AFHV became the #1 primetime series for a short time, causing CBS' 60 Minutes to be unseated for the top spot in the Nielsen ratings for the first time in 12 years. Indeed there was at least one week in 1990 when America's Funniest Home Videos, when put in the same time slot as 60 Minutes, actually beat 60 Minutes for a win in the time slot. AFHV finished the 1989–90 season in the Top 10 most watched shows, with an approximate average of 38 million viewers[43] for each episode.

text: AFHV finished the 2009–10 season in 55th place, with an approximate average of 7.52 million viewers, and finished in 69th in viewers 18–49, with 2.0/6.[44] In 2016, a New York Times study of the 50 TV shows with the most Facebook Likes found that "if you could pick a safe show that appeals to almost everyone, this might be it".[45]

text: Theme songs[edit]

text: This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (December 2015) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

text: AFV's original theme song was "The Funny Things You Do", composed by Dan Slider and performed by Jill Colucci, who also wrote the lyrics with Stewart Harris. This version of the song accompanied the opening and closing credits for the first seven-and-a-half seasons. This theme was reused once again for when Tom Bergeron introduced Bob Saget as well as a montage of classic videos and Saget's first, original intro moment to the stage from the pilot episode and a latter segment (using the theme's original lyrics) showcasing Saget's run (during AFV's first eight seasons) on the show in the AFV 20th anniversary special, which aired in 2009. The show's online series of videos entitled AFV XD is noted for its use of this version of the theme song, as well as portions of the original graphics from the 1989–97 seasons.[46][better source needed] During the final part of the $100,000 shows, bands as well as other artists would play the theme. Midway through Saget's final season in 1997, the theme was revamped (as well as the graphics and animation of the show's intro) featuring a duet of new vocals, Peter Hix (who had previously performed the theme song for America's Funniest People) and Terry Wood. The new version was also set in a different key than the original.

text: When AFHV returned for its ninth season with new hosts Daisy Fuentes and John Fugelsang in 1998, a completely new arrangement of "The Funny Things You Do" made its debut. Since that time, the theme has been an instrumental (also composed by Slider) with a faster, ska/reggae beat, with the original key restored, making it sound similar to "The Impression That I Get" by The Mighty Mighty Bosstones. An alternate version of this theme exists that is stripped of the trumpets (this version is only heard as the closing theme during the 2002–03 season in ABC and broadcast syndication runs, as well as in re-edited bumpers with added video clips from that particular episode in some 2002–03 season episodes in broadcast syndication). In reruns of the Fugelsang-Fuentes episodes on WGN America and later the Bergeron episodes on WGN America and ABC Family, the theme is noticeably slowed down during the show's opening titles and commercial bumpers.

text: For season 26, with new host Alfonso Ribeiro, a new arrangement of "The Funny Things You Do" was introduced with that season's premiere episode in 2015, replacing the 1998 theme after seventeen seasons. The current theme, which Slider also composed, is stylized more alike the original version with its key of that theme, as well as the additional hook of the 1998 version retained.

text: The 1998 and 2015 themes can be heard in their entirety at the Television Production Music Museum. The two later themes used during the post-Saget era have not been released to this day, as they are reportedly being held by Vin Di Bona.

text: "The Funny Things You Do" was the theme song to the Australian version between 1991 and 2004. It was replaced by an instrumental version as part of a major revamp in 2005.

text: Reruns/syndication[edit]

text: This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (April 2017) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

text: Virtually all episodes of AFHV are, or have been, in syndication. Each period has aired separately. Until 2001, the Saget version was syndicated by 20th Television, which assumed syndication rights through its purchase of MTM Enterprises, which had syndicated the show from 1995 to 1998.[47] Disney-ABC Domestic Television (formerly Buena Vista Television), the sister company of one of the show's production companies ABC Productions, distributes all versions of the series.

text: Bob Saget episodes[edit]

text: This section does not cite any sources. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (June 2017) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

text: The 1989–1994 Bob Saget episodes airing in off-network syndication in the Hallmark Channel from January 4, 2010 to February 25, 2014;; Nick at Nite from April 2008 to October 2013 and weeknights @ 11pm and 6am and 6:30am and Weekends @ 12am and 12:30 am & 6am and 6:30am WGN America in January 2006 to February 2010. The 1994-97 episodes on ABC Family were from September 2006 to November 2010 and airs Weekdays @ 11am and Weeknights @ 12am and 12:30am.

text: In ABC Family airings of the Bob Saget run, when back-to-back episodes aired, the opening titles of the second episode were cut and replaced with an announcer saying "Now don't go away, here's more of America's Funniest Home Videos!" before cutting to Ernie Anderson introducing Saget. Some airings of the Saget version on Hallmark, and Nick at Nite cut the interviews with the winners, due to time constraints, because of the longer ad breaks that were not seen on U.S. broadcast television during the period that the episodes originally aired on ABC. Also, because of time constraints, some Hallmark episodes have the opening titles (as well as various portions of the show) sped up.

text: John Fugelsang-Daisy Fuentes episodes[edit]

text: The 1998–1999 Fugelsang-Fuentes episodes aired on ABC Family from the fall of 1999 (known as Fox Family and owned by News Corporation at the time), until the fall of 2003; the 1994–1997 Saget episodes also aired on the network from the fall of September 2005 to October 2010, usually on Monday through Friday mornings at 11 a.m., and Saturdays and Sundays at 10 and 10:30 p.m. PT . The Tom Bergeron episodes aired on ABC Family on November 1, 2010 to September 2014; it usually aired three to six nights a week with episodes regularly airing at 6 p.m. ET (depending upon the night's schedule); it had previously also ran on the network in a four-hour block on Fridays from 6 to 11 p.m. ET from 2009 to 2012. The Tom Bergeron (and until Fall 2014, Fuentes-Fugelsang) episodes have aired on WGN America since 2004. Currently, the channel still only shows the 2001–09 Tom Bergeron run (now in re-edited form for HD broadcasts since Fall 2014), which airs Saturdays and on select days in 4-hour blocks from 6 to 10 p.m. ET. Before the primetime newscast was dropped by WGN America in February 2014, the Fugelsang-Fuentes episodes aired on occasions until Fall 2014 (more frequently from 2004 to 2010, due to primetime movie overruns) when a sporting event airing on WGN-TV/Chicago that was not cleared to air on WGN America forced the preemption of its simulcast of WGN-TV's 9 p.m. newscast outside of Chicago. Atlanta independent station WPCH-TV (channel 17; formerly the local Atlanta feed of TBS, now known as "PeachtreeTV") aired the entire Saget run, the first (and so far, the only) channel ever to do so since the original ABC run, from 2007 to 2009.

text: Tom Bergeron episodes[edit]

text: The Tom Bergeron episodes began airing in off-network syndication on September 14, 2009; WGN America also aired the off-network syndicated episodes in late night until September 2011, while alternate versions of the Bergeron (and sometimes the Fugelsang-Fuentes) episodes with the Buena Vista Television tag before the end credits aired in the evening. UpTV began airing (and currently still airs) reruns of the 2001–15 Tom Bergeron-era episodes of AFV in (and since) 2016. Months ahead of and in preparation for AFV's 25th anniversary and Tom Bergeron's 15th and final season as host of AFV in season 25, since August 2014, the 2001–2010 Tom Bergeron episodes from past seasons for its syndication rerun airings were re-edited to make them more HD friendly and rid the episodes of "some" of their outdated promo, contest sweepstakes, and sponsorship references that may no longer be valid. Evidence of the re-editing can be seen when the picture zooms back to its original standard-definition format during the end credits (on WGN America and UpTV only) with the colored bars utilizing the show's different background color schemes from past seasons on the left and right sides of screens. The 2009–2015 Tom Bergeron episodes with a re-edited season 20 package began airing for the first time ever in syndication on TBS on September 15, 2014. On October 3, 2016, some episodes from the 2001–2009 Tom Bergeron-era syndication package that were already airing in reruns on other cable networks for over a decade had finally became part of TBS' early-morning line-up of AFV reruns. Like the initial ABC airings, while the syndicated episodes continue to use all of the different color and logo variations of the ABC Entertainment and Vin Di Bona Productions tags before or after the end credits, depending on the station or cable networks, they have not shown the Buena Vista Television or even the ABC Studios or Disney/ABC Domestic Television distribution tags since Fall 2014.

text: Broadcast syndication airings of the Bergeron-era episodes have censored instances of nudity involving young children, which were uncensored in the original ABC broadcasts.[citation needed]

text: Outside of the United States[edit]

text: Outside the United States, family-oriented Canadian cable channel YTV has aired AFV on Saturday nights since September 2009.[48] Canadian broadcaster yesTV, with CHEK-DT in British Columbia, also began airing a simulcast of AFV episodes on Sundays at 7 p.m. local time, as it airs on ABC in the U.S. (but factoring simultaneous substitution), starting from season 25, City and its sister network Omni Television was the previous broadcaster in Canada since the Spring of 2010.[citation needed] It also airs on Fox8 in Australia.

text: Seasons[edit]

text:
Season
Host(s)
Premiere
Finale

Special/1
Bob Saget
November 26, 1989/January 14, 1990
May 20, 1990

2
September 16, 1990
May 12, 1991

3
September 22, 1991
May 17, 1992

4
September 20, 1992
May 16, 1993

5
September 19, 1993
May 22, 1994

6
September 18, 1994
May 21, 1995

7
September 17, 1995
May 19, 1996

8
September 22, 1996
May 18, 1997

9
Daisy Fuentes &
John Fugelsang
January 5, 1998
May 7, 1998

10
October 3, 1998
May 6, 1999

Specials
Guest Hosts
1999
2000

11
Tom Bergeron
July 20, 2001
December 2001

12
January 4, 2002
May 10, 2002

13
September 27, 2002
May 9, 2003

14
September 28, 2003
May 23, 2004

15
September 26, 2004
May 13, 2005

16
October 2, 2005
May 19, 2006

17
October 1, 2006
May 18, 2007

18
October 7, 2007
May 16, 2008

19
October 5, 2008
May 15, 2009

20
October 4, 2009
May 16, 2010

21
October 3, 2010[9]
May 15, 2011

22
October 2, 2011[49]
May 20, 2012

23
October 7, 2012
May 19, 2013

24
October 13, 2013
May 18, 2014

25
October 12, 2014
May 17, 2015

26
Alfonso Ribeiro
October 11, 2015[50]
May 22, 2016

27
October 2, 2016
May 21, 2017

28
October 8, 2017
2018

text: Merchandise[edit]

text: VHS/DVD[edit]

text: ABC, Shout! Factory, and Slingshot Entertainment have released numerous compilation releases of America's Funniest Home Videos on VHS and DVD in Region 1 (North America).

text:
Title
Release date
Studio

The Best of America's Funniest Home Videos[51]
June 27, 1991
ABC Home Video
CBS-Fox Video

America's Funniest Pets[52]
1992
ABC Home Video
CBS-Fox Video

America's Funniest Families[53]
1992
ABC Home Video
CBS-Fox Video

America's Funniest Home Videos: Animal Antics
October 12, 1999
Slingshot Entertainment

America's Funniest Home Videos: Deluxe Uncensored
June 6, 2000
Slingshot Entertainment

America's Funniest Home Videos: Family Follies
June 6, 2000
Slingshot Entertainment

America's Funniest Home Videos: Volume 1 with Tom Begeron
July 26, 2005
Shout! Factory

America's Funniest Home Videos: Home for the Holidays
October 4, 2005
Shout! Factory

America's Funniest Home Videos: The Best of Kids and Animals
December 27, 2005
Shout! Factory

America's Funniest Home Videos: Nincompoops & Boneheads
June 13, 2006
Shout! Factory

America's Funniest Home Videos: Athletic Supporters
August 1, 2006
Shout! Factory

America's Funniest Home Videos: Battle of the Best
September 12, 2006
Shout! Factory

America's Funniest Home Videos: Sports Spectacular
September 12, 2006
Shout! Factory

America's Funniest Home Videos: Love and Marriage
September 12, 2006
Shout! Factory

America's Funniest Home Videos: Salute to Romance
January 9, 2007
Shout! Factory

America's Funniest Home Videos: Motherhood Madness
April 17, 2007
Shout! Factory

America's Funniest Home Videos: Guide to Parenting
July 17, 2007
Shout! Factory

text: Games[edit]

text: Parker Brothers released a board game in 1990. Graphix Zone released a hybrid CD-ROM titled America's Funniest Home Videos: Lights! Camera! InterAction! in 1995.[54] Imagination Games released a DVD game in 2007.

text: Toys[edit]

text: An America's Funniest Home Videos micro movie viewer was released in 1990.[55]


document_title: Condominium

question_text: who owns the land a condo is built on

question_tokens: who owns the land a condo is built on

root

text: Condominium

text: Etymology[edit]

text:
Property law
Part of the common law series
Types
Real property
Personal property

Acquisition
Gift
Adverse possession
Deed
Conquest
Discovery
Accession
Lost, mislaid, and abandoned property
Treasure trove
Bailment
License
Alienation

Estates in land
Allodial title
Fee simple
Fee tail
Life estate
Defeasible estate
Future interest
remainder
Concurrent estate
Leasehold estate
Condominiums
Real estate

Conveyancing
Bona fide purchaser
Torrens title
Strata title
Deeds registration
Estoppel by deed
Quitclaim deed
Mortgage
Equitable conversion
Action to quiet title
Escheat

Future use control
Restraint on alienation
Rule against perpetuities
Rule in Shelley's Case
Doctrine of worthier title

Nonpossessory interest
Lien
Easement
Profit
Usufruct
Covenant
Equitable servitude

Related topics
Fixtures
Waste
Partition
Practicing without a license
Property rights
Mineral rights
Water rights
prior appropriation
riparian
Lateral and subjacent support
Assignment
Nemo dat
Quicquid plantatur
Conflict of property laws
Blackacre
Security deposit

Other common law areas
Contract law
Tort law
Wills, trusts and estates
Criminal law
Evidence

Higher category: Law and Common law
vte

tag: table

text: "Condominium" is a Latin word formed by adding the prefix con- ("together") to the word dominium ("domain, property, ownership"). Its meaning is therefore "shared property".

tag: p

text: Condominia (the plural of condominium in Latin) originally referred to territories over which two or more sovereign powers shared joint dominion. This technique was frequently used to settle border disputes when multiple claimants could not agree on how to partition the disputed territory. For example, from 1818 to 1846, Oregon Country was a condominium over which both the United States and Great Britain shared joint sovereignty until the Oregon Treaty resolved the issue by splitting the territory along the 49th parallel and each country gaining sole sovereignty of one side.

text: Overview[edit]

text: The difference between an "apartment" complex and condominium is purely legal. There is no way to differentiate a condominium from an apartment simply by looking at or visiting the building. What defines a condominium is the form of ownership. A building developed as a condominium (and sold in individual units to different owners) could actually be built at another location as an apartment building (the developers would retain ownership and rent individual units to different tenants).  As a practical matter, builders tend to build condominiums to higher quality standards than apartment complexes because of the differences between the rental and sale markets.

text: Technically, a condominium is a collection of individual home units and common areas along with the land upon which they sit. Individual home ownership within a condominium is construed as ownership of only the air space confining the boundaries of the home. The boundaries of that space are specified by a legal document known as a Declaration, filed on record with the local governing authority. Typically, these boundaries will include the wall surrounding a condo, allowing the homeowner to make some interior modifications without impacting the common area. Anything outside this boundary is held in an undivided ownership interest by a corporation established at the time of the condominium's creation. The corporation holds this property in trust on behalf of the homeowners as a group—it may not have ownership itself.

text: Condominiums have conditions, covenants, and restrictions, and often additional rules that govern how the individual unit owners are to share the space.

text: It is also possible for a condominium to consist of single-family dwellings. There are also "detached condominiums" where homeowners do not maintain the exteriors of the dwellings, yards, etc. and "site condominiums" where the owner has more control and possibly ownership (as in a "whole lot" or "lot line" condominium) over the exterior appearance. These structures are preferred by some planned neighborhoods and gated communities.

text: Homeowners Association (HOA)[edit]

text: A homeowners association (HOA), whose members are the unit owners, manages the condominium through a board of directors elected by the membership. This exists under various names depending on the jurisdiction, such as "unit title", "sectional title", "commonhold", "strata council", or "tenant-owner's association", "body corporate", "Owners Corporation", "condominium corporation" or "condominium association". Another variation of this concept is the "time share", although not all time shares are condominiums, and not all time shares involve actual ownership of (i.e., deeded title to) real property. Condominiums may be found in both civil law and common law legal systems as it is purely a creation of statute.  Among other things, the HOA assesses unit owners for the costs of maintaining the common areas, etc.  That is, the HOA decides how much each owner should pay and has the legal power to collect that.

text: Condominium unit description[edit]

text: The description of the condominium units and the common areas and any restrictions on their use is established in a document commonly called a "Master Deed" (also known as the "Enabling Declaration", the "Declaration of Conditions", or the "Condominium Document").  Among other things, this document provides for the creation of the HOA. Rules of governance for the association are usually covered under a separate set of bylaws which generally govern the internal affairs of the condominium. Condominium bylaws usually establish the responsibilities of the owners' association; the voting procedures to be used at association meetings; the qualifications, powers, and duties of the board of directors; the powers and duties of the officers; and the obligations of the owners with regard to assessments, maintenance, and use of the units and common areas. Finally, a set of rules and regulations providing specific details of restrictions on conduct of unit owners and residents are established by the HOA.[6] These are more readily amendable than the declaration or association bylaws, typically requiring only a vote of the HOA board.  Typical rules include mandatory maintenance fees (perhaps collected monthly), pet restrictions, and color/design choices visible from the exterior of the units. Generally, these sets of rules and regulations are made available to residents and or as a matter of public record via a condominium or homeowners association website or through public files, depending on the state and its applicable laws. Condominiums are usually owned in fee simple title, but can be owned in ways that other real estate can be owned, such as title held in trust. In some jurisdictions, such as Ontario, Canada or Hawaii USA, there are "leasehold condominiums" where the development is built on leased land.

text: In general, condominium unit owners can rent their home to tenants, similar to renting out other real estate, although leasing rights may be subject to conditions or restrictions set forth in the declaration (such as a rental cap for the total number of units in a community that can be leased at one time) or otherwise as permitted by local law.

text: Non-residential uses[edit]

text: This section does not cite any sources. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (August 2016) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

text: Condominium ownership is also used, albeit less frequently, for non-residential land uses: offices, hotel rooms, retail shops, private airports, marinas, group housing facilities (retirement homes or dormitories),  bare land (in British Columbia)) and storage. The legal structure is the same, and many of the benefits are similar; for instance, a nonprofit corporation may face a lower tax liability in an office condominium than in an office rented from a taxable, for-profit company. However, the frequent turnover of commercial land uses in particular can make the inflexibility of condominium arrangements problematic.

text: Similar concepts[edit]

text: This section does not cite any sources. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (July 2015) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

text: There are many forms of real estate ownership that are similar to condominiums but not identical.

text: Classic privately owned detached houses on privately owned lots may be part of a community that has a homeowner's association.  Such an association may administer a common park area, for example, or an access road, or architectural standards for the houses.

text: In a townhouse complex, multiple physical houses are combined into a single architectural building.  Each unit owner owns an identified plot of land and the building affixed to it, but that building is physically part of a larger building that spans lots.  There is a continuous roof and foundation and a single wall divides adjacent townhouses. If there is an apartment below not owned by owner of townhouse it is not a townhouse just a bi-level apartment, condominium. Legally, this is very similar to detached houses, but because of the intertwining of interests in the single architectural building, a homeowner's association is required.  It would be impractical, for example to replace the roof of just one townhouse.  But unlike the condominium, the townhouse complex's HOA owns none of the building or the land under it.  It is essentially under contract to the townhouse owners to maintain the parts of the building that are hard to divide.  Even the walls between townhouses are usually outside the purview of the HOA, being jointly owned and maintained by the owners of the townhouses on either side.  Like the condominium, the townhouse complex often has common areas for roads, parking, clubhouses, and such.

text: A rowhouse is like a townhouse except that the houses are not physically connected.  They are independent structures that simply have no space between them.  Technically, they are detached.

text: A building with multiple residential units may simply be owned in common by multiple people, with each having specific rights to a particular unit and undivided interest in the rest.  This is like a condominium, but there is no HOA with legal powers.  It is much harder to govern, as the individual unit owners often have to agree unanimously or court intervention is required.

text: California statutes recognize three kinds of "common interest developments": condominium, townhouse, and community apartment, with the latter being the owned-in-common concept described above.

text: By country[edit]

text: Australia[edit]

text: In Australia, condominiums are known as "strata title schemes"[7] or "community title schemes".[8]

text: Canada[edit]

text:
One in eight Canadian households lived in condominium dwellings, colloquially known as "condos", mostly located in a few census metropolitan areas according to Statistics Canada[9] Condominiums exist in most parts of Canada though more common in larger cities. They are regulated under provincial or territorial legislation and specific legal details vary from jurisdiction to jurisdiction. In most parts of Canada, they are referred to as Condominiums, except in British Columbia where they are referred to as a strata and in Quebec where they are referred to as syndicates of co-ownership.[10] The townhouse complex of Brentwood Village in Edmonton, Alberta, was the first condominium development in Canada (registered in 1967).
With regular condominiums, the unit owner usually owns the internal unit space and a share of the corporation; the corporation owns the exterior of the building land and common area; in the case of a freehold condominium the owner owns the land and building and the corporation owns common shared roadways and amenities.[10] The Canadian Condominium Institute is a non-profit association of condominium owners and corporations with chapters in each province and territory.[10] The Condo Owners Association COA Ontario is a non-profit association representing condominium owners with divisions across the province and districts within the various municipalities.[11]

text: Denmark[edit]

text:
Apartments (Danish ejerlejlighed, literally "owner-apartment") comprise some 5% of Danish homes.[12]
They are traded and mortgaged on the same markets as free-standing houses, and are treated legally much like other forms of real estate. Each owner-tenant directly owns his own apartment; the rest of the building and the ground on which it stands is owned jointly by the apartment owners who execute their joint ownership through an owner's association. The expenses of maintaining the joint property is shared pro rata among the owners.

text: Another 5% of Danish homes are in housing cooperatives (Danish andelsbolig), which occupy a legal position intermediate between condominiums and housing associations. The entire property is legally owned by a non-profit corporation in which the tenants own shares; each share carries the right and duty to lease an apartment from the cooperative. Shares can be bought and sold, but often the cooperative's rules strictly limit the price for which they may change hand. (In contrast, condominiums are traded on a free market). Because the official share prices are often lower than the market value and sellers often retain freedom to select whom to sell to, under-the-table payments are common.[12]

text: Current public policy favors condominiums over housing cooperatives, and recent legislation have aimed at making the latter more condominium-like. For example, since 2005, cooperative shares may be used to secure bank loans. (However, Danish mortgage banks still may not mortgage individual housing cooperative apartments).

text: England and Wales, UK[edit]

text: In England and Wales, the equivalent of condominium is commonhold, a form of ownership introduced in September 2004. As of 3 June 2009, there were 12 commonhold residential developments comprising 97 units in England and one commonhold residential development, comprising 30 units, in Wales.[13]

text: "Condominium" is not a term that is widely used in England and Wales. The preferred term is "block of flats" with variations for particular circumstances.

text: Commonhold is a creature of statute and comparatively rare, and condominiums are more likely to be found in the form of leaseholds.

text: In English law it is not possible to enforce a positive covenant on successive owners of freehold land, other than to maintain a boundary fence, without creating an elaborate trust. A positive covenant is, broadly, one which involves the expenditure of money to perform.

text: This did not create a significant problem until the 1950s, when "flats" (where ownership is divided horizontally) first began to appear on the market as more affordable particularly for first-time buyers. Until then flats had been confined to short-term unsaleable tenancies, with varying degrees of statutory rent protection and security of tenure.

text: It was soon learned that freehold flats were an unsatisfactory form of ownership because it was not possible to impose essential maintenance requirements. As such, flats became virtually unmarketable because they were an unacceptable form of security to lenders. Thus solicitors, the principal property lawyers in England and Wales in those days, began to use leases instead, where such limitations did not apply.

text: Progress was haphazard and piecemeal, but over time things became more standard. Improvements became universal as institutional lenders refused to advance money on the security of flats unless certain basic provisions were included.  This benefited owners whether or not they borrowed money since purchase was invariably conducted through a solicitor or licensed conveyancer trained to reject leases failing to meet the necessary standards.

text: Despite these standards, the actual form of leasehold systems is variable. Highly favoured are arrangements where the leases are granted out of a freehold owned by a corporation, itself owned by individual leaseholders. This provides an opportunity for them to participate in the proper management of the block.  Again, quality of management is very variable.

text: The statute creating commonholds was motivated by a desire to eliminate some of the problems and perceived injustices, such as the commercial exploitation of "lessees" by freeholders as their leases began to have too little time left to satisfy lenders. Since most leasehold developments are undertaken by commercial entities, commonholds did not become widespread. There are, however, other statutes in place that give some degree of protection for leaseholders. It is, nevertheless, essential to consider proper legal advice whenever engaged in the purchase of a flat, for the requirements for a fully marketable flat remain complex.

text: Law of Property Act 1925, s.153, contains provisions for the "enlargement" of leases into freeholds, one of the effects of which is to preserve the enforceability of positive covenants contained in the lease against the resulting freehold. There are clear, but stringent, requirements. Artificial schemes using the provisions to create enforceable positive covenants in freehold blocks of flats were occasionally mooted but never gained currency.

text: Scotland has a separate legal system from England and Wales and is a separate consideration.

text: Finland[edit]

text: In Finland, a condominium-like arrangement where the ownership of the real estate is assigned to specific apartments (Finnish: hallinnanjakosopimus, Swedish: avtal om delning av besittningen) is usually used only with detached or semi-detached houses.

text: A housing cooperative is a common form of home ownership in Finland. Owning shares that correspond to one apartment in a housing company is generally considered as much owning your own home as actually directly owning a (single family) house. However, shares are not considered as real estate but as personal property and the co-op can take the possession of the apartment for a term time and evict the tenant or owner because of disturbance or unpaid maintenance fees.

text: Finnish housing cooperatives are incorporated as (non-profit) limited-liability companies (Finnish: asunto-osakeyhtiö, Swedish: bostadsaktiebolag), where one share usually represents one square meter (sometimes ten) of the apartment.

text: Membership of a condo is obtained by buying the shares on the open market, most often through a real estate agent. No board approval is needed to buy shares. There is usually no requirement for the owner(s) to live in the condo. Owning of apartments for rent is a common form of saving and private investment in Finland.

text: Germany[edit]

text: In Germany Condominiums are known as "Eigentumswohnung" and the most important law considering condominiums is the German Condominium Act (WEG). It's the basis for all legal regulations involving individual freehold ownership, the rights, duties of home owner associations and the management of condominiums. The Act dates back to 1951, but it was re-enacted in 2007. Now home owners are invested with partial legal capacity, which means that the home owner association represents  an entity with rights and duties that may include contracts. The right of ownership is divided in the first article of the German Condominium Act into homeownership, individual freehold ownership, part ownership and commonhold ownership. [14]

text: Hong Kong[edit]

text: Condominiums are known as "private housing estates" (as opposed to "public housing estates") in Hong Kong.

text: Hungary[edit]

text: This section does not cite any sources. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (January 2013) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

text: Condominiums (Hungarian: "társasház") were formally introduced in 1924. Condominium properties are traded and mortgaged on the same markets as free standing houses, and treated much like other forms of real estate. The condominium acts as a non-profit legal entity maintaining the common areas of the property, and is managed by a representative elected by the owners' convention.

text: Decisions that involve changes to the terms and conditions, or larger common expenses need to be approved by the convention, where voting power is based on the percentage of property owned.[15]

text: Actually, condominium is a frequent legal form of housing in Hungarian cities where  privatization of state or municipality-owned flats were effected mainly in the 1990s.

text: India[edit]

text: In India, condominiums are known as "Apartment Buildings" or "Flats". Each building consists of multiple floors and flats with different configurations. The most common configurations are "1-BHK", "2-BHK" and "3-BHK" (BHK stands for bedroom-hall-kitchen).

text: The association of home owners is usually called a Co-operative Housing Society (CHS) which needs to be registered with the municipal authorities.

text: Israel[edit]

text: In Israel, condominiums (known "בתים משותפים", "shared houses" or "cooperative houses") are a common form of home ownership. Public housing has historically been organized as subsidized purchase and mortgages in government-constructed condominiums.[16]

text: Italy[edit]

text: In Italy, the condominium ("Condominio") is governed by law, last reformed in 2012. Co-ownership of the common parts of the buildings (such as the stairs, main walls, facades, roof, courtyards) is mandatory: a landlord can not give up the right on common parts for not paying the costs. Each owner's quota in the condominium is expressed in thousandths ("millesimi") of the whole; these are used to determine majorities in owners' assemblies ("assemblee condominiali").[17]

text: The Netherlands[edit]

text: See housing cooperative under owners association.

text: Norway[edit]

text: Condominiums (Norwegian Eierseksjon) were formally introduced in 1983. Approximately 19% of Norwegian homes are condominiums, as approximately 50% of the owner-occupied flats and duplexes, approximately 30% of the rowhouses and 2.5% of the detached houses are organised as condominiums.

text: Pakistan[edit]

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text: Title "Condominiums" is not used in Pakistan rather they are called "Flats" for average style building while "Complexes" for sophisticated and larger buildings. Minimum floors for a building to be classified as "Flats" is four, with a requirement for having at least one elevator or lift for buildings upwards of four floors. Almost all have a separate room called the "Drawing Room", used for guest entertainment purposes. However, its use as TV room and dining room is common. Another unique feature is the balcony or "terrace", which are standard for all flats.

text: Philippines[edit]

text: In the Philippines, condominiums are classified into three types: low-rise, mid-rise, and high-rise. Condos have a special type of ownership title called a CCT - condominium certificate of transfer. Condominiums usually have amenities, like swimming pools, owned parking, a clubhouse and a building for administration. [18]

text: Singapore and Malaysia[edit]

text: In Singapore and Malaysia, "Condo" or "Condominium" are terms used for housing buildings with some special luxury features like security guards, swimming pools or tennis courts.

text: In Singapore, most housings without such features are built by the governmental Housing Development Board (HDB), and such HDB units can be possessed for rent or individually bought from the government. Condominiums and HDB flats make up the overwhelming majority of available residential housing in the country.[citation needed]

text: South Africa[edit]

text: In South Africa, condominiums are known as "Sectional Title" properties, and are governed by the Sectional Titles Act No. 95 of 1986.[19]  Town-house complexes and many apartment blocks typically have this form of title. The owners of the complex constitute the Body Corporate, and the Body Corporate elects a group of Trustees to manage the day-to-day management of the complex, who often hire a company specialising in complex management, known as a Managing Agent.

text: Spain[edit]

text:
In Spain, condominiums are known as "comunidad de propietarios" (legal term) and "comunidad de vecinos" (popular term), and are governed by the Ley de Propiedad Horizontal (L.P.H.) which significantly extends the Spanish Civil Code.[20] L.P.H. became the law in 1960 and more than half of the Spanish population lives in condominiums.[21] According to INE, there are almost 840,000 condominiums in Spain which comprise around 9 million habitat buildings.
[22]

text: Sweden[edit]

text: On 1 May 2009, condominiums (ägarlägenheter) became available for the first time under Swedish law.[23] Of the 14,447 newly built apartments completed in 2009, only six were condominiums. A majority of production, 7,723 units, were apartments in housing cooperatives (bostadsrättslägenheter), the traditional form of owner occupied apartment housing.[24] As of late 2014, there were 955 condominiums total throughout all of Sweden.[25]

text: Thailand[edit]

text: Condominiums are known as "Con-doh"  and almost in Bangkok.[26]

text: United States[edit]

text: The first condominium law passed in the United States was in the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico in 1958.[27][28] In 1960, the first condominium in the Continental United States was built in Salt Lake City, Utah. The legal concept had spread to the United States from Europe via the Caribbean (Puerto Rico and Cuba) but throughout the 1960s it was widely and erroneously reported that the concept had arisen in the United States directly based on an Ancient Roman model. In fact the concept of an estate in the air was antithetical to Roman Law and there is no evidence of an ancient Roman "condominio" [29]

text: Section 234 of the Housing Act of 1961 allowed the Federal Housing Administration to insure mortgages on condominiums, leading to a vast increase in the funds available for condominiums, and to condominium laws in every state by 1969.[30] Many Americans' first widespread awareness of condominium life came not from its largest cities but from South Florida, where developers had imported the condominium concept from Puerto Rico and used it to sell thousands of inexpensive homes to retirees arriving flush with cash from the urban Northern United States.[28]

text: The primary attraction to this type of ownership is the ability to obtain affordable housing in a highly desirable area that typically is beyond economic reach. Additionally, such properties benefit from having restrictions that maintain and enhance value, providing control over blight that plagues some neighborhoods.[31]

text: Over the past several decades, the residential condominium industry has been booming in all of the major metropolitan areas such as Miami, San Francisco, Seattle, Boston, Chicago, Austin, Los Angeles and New York City.  However, in recent years, supply within the condo industry has caught up with demand and sales have slowed.[32] It is now in a slowdown phase.[33]

text: An alternative form of ownership, popular in parts of the United States but found also in other common law jurisdictions, is housing cooperative, also known as "company share" or "co-op". A Housing Cooperative is where the building has an associated legal company and ownership of shares gives the right to a lease for residence of a unit.[34] Another form is ground rent (solarium) in which a single landlord retains ownership of the land (solum) but leases the surface rights (superficies) which renew in perpetuity or over a very long term.[35] This is comparable to a civil-law emphyteusis, except that emphyteusis shifts the duties of up-keep and making improvements onto the renter.[36]

text: In the United States, there are several different styles of condominium complexes. For example, a garden condominium complex consists of low-rise buildings built with landscaped grounds surrounding them. A townhouse condominium complex consists of multi-floor semi-detached homes. In condominium townhouses, the purchaser owns only the interior, while the building itself is owned by a condominium corporation.[37] The corporation is jointly owned by all the owners, and charges them fees for general maintenance and major repairs. Freehold townhouses are exclusively owned, without any condominium aspects. In the United States this type of ownership is called fee simple.[38]

text:
The Wilshire Regent condominiums in Los Angeles, California, United States

Aqua waterfront condominiums in Long Beach, California, United States

A historic mansion converted into condominiums in Chicago, United States

text:
New York’s  Condominium Act was passed in 1964. The first condominium building was the St. Tropez Condominium in Manhattan built in 1965.
[39]


document_title: Love Is on the Way

question_text: who sings love is on the way from first wives club

text: Love Is on the Way

text: Love Is on the Way may refer to:

text:
Love Is on the Way (album), a 1998 compilation album by American R&B/soul singer Luther Vandross
"Love Is on the Way" (song), a 1992 song by American rock band Saigon Kick
"Love Is on the Way", a song by Billy Porter, released on The First Wives Club Soundtrack, later covered by Celine Dion on her album Let's Talk About Love
"Love Is On the Way", a song by R. Kelly from the 1995 album R. Kelly
"Love is On the Way", a song by Natalie Cole from the 1985 album Dangerous
"Love is on the Way", a song by Dave Koz from the 1999 album The Dance
"Love is on the Way", a 2004 single by Little Louie Vega and Blaze
"Love Is On the Way", a song by Austins Bridge from the 2010 album Times Like These
"Love Is On The Way", a song by Viktor Lazlo from the 1996 album Back to Front