document_title: Minecraft: Story Mode

question_text: when does minecraft season 2 episode 2 release

text: Minecraft: Story Mode

text: Gameplay[edit]

text: Minecraft: Story Mode is a episodic interactive comedy-drama point-and-click graphic adventure video game. Similar to Telltale Games's other games, it was released as a number of episodes. Players can collect items, solve puzzles, and talk to non-player characters through conversation trees to learn about the story and determine what to do next. Like other ones of Telltale Games's games, decisions that the player makes will impact events in both the current episode and later episodes.[16] However, unlike Telltale Games's previous games, which tend to carry more mature or emotional overtones (including the death of major characters), Minecraft: Story Mode is intended to be a family-friendly title. As such, the decisions are intended to be pivotal and emotional, but not involve mature imagery or themes.[16] Elements of crafting and building, central to Minecraft, were included in the gameplay.[16][17] The game includes combat and other action sequences, carried out through both quick time events, similarly to Telltale Games's other episodic games, and more arcade-like controls, such as steering around debris on a road.[17][18]

text: Synopsis[edit]

text: Setting[edit]

text: Minecraft: Story Mode takes place in an interpretation of the world of Minecraft. The main character, Jesse, is a passionate newbie Minecraft player who sets out on a journey with their friends within the world of Minecraft to find The Order of the Stone (Gabriel, Ellegaard, Magnus, Soren) – four legendary adventurers who saved the Minecraft world.[19] The game includes settings that are normally difficult to access from within Minecraft, including the Nether, The End,[19] and the Far Lands.[citation needed]

text: Characters[edit]

text: The player can customize Jesse, including choice of gender and skin tone. Jesse is voiced by Patton Oswalt if male and by Catherine Taber if female.[20] Other characters within the Minecraft world include the humans Petra (voiced by Ashley Johnson)[17] Axel (Brian Posehn), Olivia (Martha Plimpton), Lukas (Scott Porter), Maya, Ivy, Fangirl (GK Bowes), Owen (Owen Hill), Gill (Phil LaMarr), Aiden, Otis (Matthew Mercer), Ivor Sigge (Paul Reubens), Usher (Jason 'jtop' Topolski), Fanboy (Billy West), Lydia (Lydia Winters), the Announcer (Erin Yvette), Jesse's pet pig Reuben (Dee Bradley Baker) and the four Order of the Stone members: Gabriel the Warrior (Dave Fennoy), Magnus the Rogue (Corey Feldman), Ellegaard the Redstone Engineer (Grey Griffin), and Soren the Architect (John Hodgman). Stauffer said that the human characters as a whole represent the different types of gamers who play Minecraft.[19] Billy West narrates the story.[21][22][23]

text: Plot[edit]

text: This is a broad overview of the plot. Certain decisions made by the player will alter details of specific events.

text: Season 1 (2015-16)[edit]

text: The Order of the Stone (Episode 1)[edit]

text: Young builder Jesse, his friends Olivia and Axel, and their pet pig Reuben go to the Endercon building competition, which they lose every year to a rival team called the Ocelots. Despite this, they manage to build an impressive contraption (determined by the player), which Ocelot member Aiden jealously sabotages, scaring off Reuben. Jesse goes after Reuben, and the two are saved from mobs by their friend Petra, who convinces Jesse to help her with a business deal: selling a Wither skull for a diamond.

text: Back at the competition (which the group either wins or loses, depending on whether Jesse let his friends help them search for Reuben) the deal goes bad when Ivor, the man Petra sells the skull to, rips her off and flees. Jesse and Petra, joined by Axel, Olivia and the sympathetic Ocelot leader, Lukas, follow Ivor into an underground laboratory. There, they discover him making a Wither, an incredibly dangerous creature, but are unable to stop him. The creature attacks the event and targets Gabriel, a member of the legendary Order of the Stone, whom Ivor seems to know. Ivor loses control of the Wither, which, with the power of the special 'command block' implanted in the Wither's chest, transforms into an advanced, more horrific version of itself, called 'The Wither Storm'. It then destroys the town, forcing the group to escape into Gabriel's fortress, where Gabriel sends Jesse's group to find Order members Magnus and Ellegaard, and gives them an amulet to guide them. They head into the dangerous Nether, leaving Petra and Gabriel behind in the process (one of them being sucked into the Wither Storm, depending on your choices).

text: In the Nether, Jesse's group finds a train track left by the Order, and goes to the Overworld, where the group decides to bunk for the night. Axel has an unexplained bitterness towards Lukas, and Jesse must choose who he will side with. The next morning, the group arrives at the Order Fortress, where they discover that Ivor had actually been a member of the Order, but had been inexplicably kicked out. They later find a contraption that, when hooked up to the amulet, shows on a map the current locations of the members of the Order. Lukas decides to stay and fortify the fortress, and asks that one of the four stay with him. The player then has a choice: to go with Axel to get Magnus, or with Olivia to get Ellegaard. As Jesse and Axel/Olivia prepare to leave, the Wither Storm approaches.

text: Assembly Required (Episode 2)[edit]

text: Jesse and Axel/Olivia head to Boom Town/Redstonia to recruit Magnus/Ellegaard to help them. After successfully getting Magnus/Ellegaard to join them (with different mishaps), they return to the temple to discover that Olivia/Axel (whoever didn't accompany Jesse) has subsequently retrieved Ellegaard/Magnus (whichever one Jesse did not personally find), and are now reunited with either Petra or Gabriel (depending on who Jesse saved before entering the Nether). Returning to the machine, they discover that it now shows the location of the last, long thought lost member, Soren, as well as Ivor, who is heading towards him. Ellegaard reveals that she and Soren had been building a "Formidi Bomb" (an incredibly powerful explosive), and proposes this as a solution to the problem of the Wither Storm. The group leaves to find Soren and his secret lab. There, Jesse, Lukas and Reuben find a massive herd of endermen. Magnus and Ellegaard (who clearly don't get along well) depart in two different directions to find the "F-Bomb". Jesse and Petra/Gabriel follow Jesse, while Lukas, Olivia and Axel follow the others. As they walk, Petra/Gabriel reveals to Jesse that, despite his saving him/her, they have "Wither Sickness", which gets worse by the minute. Eventually, they confront Ivor, but he taunts them, saying that the Order will be unable to do anything to stop him, then escapes.

text: The Last Place You Look (Episode 3)[edit]

text: The group is trapped (Ivor's doing in the prior episode). They manage to escape, but end up in the foreboding End. There, they spot Soren and follow him into his massive house, where Jesse finds him researching the dangerous Endermen. Jesse convinces Soren to help destroy the Wither Storm using the incredibly powerful Formidi Bomb, just as the Wither Storm attacks. They return to the surface, where they reunite with Magnus and Ellegaard. Soren asks for a volunteer to set off the Formidi-Bomb, reminding them that the bomb will go off seconds after being made. This task falls on Jesse's shoulders. Accepting either Magnus or Ellegaard's armor, Jesse constructs and uses the Formidi-Bomb, and survives, but Magnus/Ellegaard (whoever gave Jesse the armor) is killed by an attack from the Wither Storm. The Formidi-Bomb destroys the Wither Storm, freeing the citizens it ate, including a now amnesiac Gabriel or Petra. Unfortunately, due to the bomb not reaching the Command Block keeping it alive, the Wither Storm reforms, having split apart to make three Wither Storms, forcing everyone to flee.

text: A Block and a Hard Place (Episode 4)[edit]

text: The group is forced to flee the new Storms. They then encounter Ivor, who wants to fix his mistake and offers a solution: using a book of enchantments he has at his house in the Far Lands that can enchant a weapon so powerful it can destroy the command block. The group (possibly Axel, Lukas and the sick member) goes to Ivor's house, where they learn that the story of the Ender Dragon battle that made the Order famous wasn't entirely true: Soren just used the Command Block to glitch the Ender Dragon out of existence. Ivor left the Order in disgust and summoned the Wither Storm to show the world who the Order really are: liars and frauds.

text: Despite this shocking truth, Jesse constructs the weapon which, with the unwitting help of the Endermen, they use to enter the Wither Storm and destroy the Command Block, though Reuben is fatally wounded in the process and dies shortly after. As the world praises the new heroes, Jesse convinces Gabriel, who now cured (same with Petra), to either tell the truth about the Order's past or continue keeping it a secret. Either way, Jesse and their friends are then made the famous New Order of the Stone.

text: Order Up! (Episode 5)[edit]

text: Sometime later, the New Order goes, on a tip from Ivor, to a temple where they discover a mysterious enchanted flint and steel. Outside the temple, they're accosted by Aiden, who usurped Lukas as the new leader of the Ocelots (now going by the "Blaze Rods") and is bitter towards the fame the New Order has attained, though they manage to chase him and his lackeys away. Back in town, the group shows their found loot to Ivor, who reveals the enchanted flint and steel to be the key to the Eversource, a source of unlimited building power. Returning to the temple, Jesse, Petra, Lukas and Ivor find a portal, which Jesse activates with the flint and steel. Unfortunately, the Blaze Rods surprise them and enter the portal first.

text: Pursuing them, the group ends up in a sky dimension, where they have to build a bridge with dirt. They come to Sky City, a metropolis island in the clouds, where building is strictly regulated by the town's stern Founder. Unluckily for the group, Aiden gets to the Founder first and tricks her into turning the whole town against the Order. Though Ivor and Lukas are captured, Petra is saved by Milo, a barman and the leader of an underground resistance called Build Club (Jesse's decisions choose who he goes with). They are quickly reunited, and soon find the Eversource, revealed to be a chicken which lays spawn eggs.

text: The group is then attacked by the Founder and Aiden, only for him to betray her and knock her, Jesse and possibly Lukas over the side. They land safely on land below, which is surprising to the Founder, as she thought there was nothing but an abyss. She and Jesse (Lukas will sit this out, feeling weak from fighting Aiden in the palace) build a tower back to Sky City, which is now overrun with monsters Aiden summoned from spawn eggs laid by the Eversource chicken. Though Jesse defeats Aiden and his crownies, the city is lost and the remaining townsfolk get into a waterfall and flow safely down to the land below. After deciding what to do with Aiden and the Eversource and how the new government should be run, Jesse and the group use a portal they and the Founder discovered while building the tower to return home, only to find themselves in a corridor filled with portals.

text: A Portal to Mystery (Episode 6)[edit]

text: After entering one of the portals, Jesse, Lukas, Petra and Ivor end up in a world very similar to their own, except there are two moons, and everything appears swampy. After reading an invitation and escaping a massive horde of zombies, they end up in the mansion of other invitees, who end up to be five well-known Minecraft YouTubers: CaptainSparklez, StampyCat, DanTDM, LDShadowLady and StacyPlays, as well as two other fictional ones: TorqueDawg and Cassie Rose. They are revealed to be just as oblivious to this place as the New Order, since portraits of the Youtubers and the Order somehow appeared in the house. While meeting Sparklez and TorqueDawg, all lights go out and TorqueDawg is mysteriously killed by a trap with poisoned arrows .

text: Through a series of investigation, causing the death trap of CaptainSparklez, right after his announcement of the fact that the murderer (who referred to him/herself as the 'White Pumpkin') was killing them off for the enchanted flint and steel (such as the one as Jesse has), as well as the death of Lizzie/Dan, the majority of the Youtubers point the evidence at Lukas, but Petra and Jesse fiercely disagree. The two, along with Stampy, (who then reveals that he had an enchanted flint and steel), prove that Cassie Rose was the White Pumpkin, who then accidentally sets off one of her own traps and dies. Jesse, Petra, Ivor, and Lukas peacefully depart with the remaining Youtubers. The New Order walks over to an unlit portal frame, and attempt to use the flint and steel on it, and open another portal back to their home.

text: Though the flint and steel had the power to send them back to their world, it is revealed that the portal was a trap from Rose, who was not dead. While she threatens them with Endermites, Jesse is able to defeat her with his sword and his own collection of Ender pearls and leaves her to be eaten by the Endermites, while Jesse and his friends return through the real portal, although it is unknown whether they return home or not.

text: Access Denied (Episode 7)[edit]

text: Back in the portal hallway, Petra, who is bitter towards Jesse for leading to nowhere in multiple worlds and portals, flees into a redstone portal, concluding that redstone meant "smart people". Jesse, Lukas and Ivor, having no choice, follow her into the portal.

text: Upon arrival, they are taken hostage by a population of players controlled with redstone chips by the psychopathy artificial intelligence computer screen PAMA (Prototype: Autonomous Management Agent), who was created by redstone user Harper but, against Harper's will, controlled the population in order to "make them useful". Wanting to invade Jesse's territory and world, PAMA questions him and takes over Petra and Lukas, allowing it to see what they know. Jesse and Ivor escape PAMA with the help of Harper, who shows them her laboratory, where she reveals that she is an "old builder". They are soon attacked by PAMA controlled monsters, alongside the mind controlled Lukas and Petra. Through a stroke of luck, Jesse manages to destroy the redstone chips controlling some spiders, and either Lukas or Petra.

text: Harper is captured by whoever Jesse didn't free by orders of PAMA, and Harper tells Jesse to find the 'headset'. Eventually, after solving Harper's puzzle, Jesse finds the headset, and wears it. It allows Jesse to take control over and migrate into PAMA-controlled mobs. Eventually finding Harper being captured by PAMA, Jesse is able to free her, only for her to be recaptured, but finds out from her that PAMA's internal redstone heart is supposed to be destroyed. Using one of Ivor's potions, Jesse is able to break into PAMA but is engaged in a fight with either Lukas or Petra before destroying PAMA's heart. After the townspeople are freed from PAMA's possession, they discover that Harper had created PAMA, and immediately hate her for it. Harper accompanies the group to the portal hallway, where she unlocks a stairway with the redstone heart leading to where the 'Old Builders' live, who might be able to help them find their way home, via a "Portal Atlas".

text: A Journey's End? (Episode 8)[edit]

text: Arriving at the Old Builder's village, the five accidentally interrupt a game of spleef hosted by the Old Builders; Hadrian, Mevia and Otto. Lukas and either Ivor or Petra (whoever Jesse doesn't choose to help) are seemingly killed, but respawn to be sent to the Nether mines, where other losers of the Old Builder's games are sent. Jesse strikes a deal with Hadrian: if Jesse wins the games, they get the Portal Atlas and go home. In the village, Harper explains to Jesse that Hadrian and Mevia began to force players from other worlds to play the games - they would only be free if they won the games, which was virtually rigged.

text: After freeing Lukas and his other companion from the mines, Jesse successfully completes the second game, despite Hadrian sending the green team to eliminate Jesse. Ivor/Petra (whoever Jesse saved) are killed, but quickly respawn. Harper convinces sympathetic Old Builder Otto to help Jesse. Hadrian reveals to Jesse that he kept Olivia and Axel captive using the Atlas, and makes another deal: If Jesse loses the games, Olivia, Axel, Petra, Lukas, Ivor and Reuben (Hadrian confused the latter with the EnderCon Usher) can go free while Jesse stays imprisoned. Otherwise, everyone stays imprisoned.

text: The next day, on the third task, Jesse eventually convinces the other teams to cooperate and rebel against Hadrian and Mevia by all winning. Otto accepts this victory, but Hadrian and Mevia trap him and most players, and kill Jesse, and the player respawns in the respawn area, where Emily, leader of the green team, Olivia, Axel, Petra, Lukas, Harper, and Ivor have stolen items for Jesse to defeat the Old Builders. The plan is successful, and they eventually receive the Atlas from Otto. Back in the Portal Hallway, Otto plans to work on making the games fun again. Harper and Emily either return home, stay in the games, or leave with the Order (Jesse's suggestion), and the Order of the Stone return home. There, after Jesse shows Axel and Olivia their cool new artifacts (the Flint and Steel, the Eversource Crown, the White Pumpkin Head, the Redstone Heart, and the Atlas). Ivor takes the enchanted flint and steel and the Atlas, in which Jesse either decides to go after him or trust him with their new treasure.

text: Season 2 (2017)[edit]

text: Hero in Residence (Episode 1)[edit]

text: Lukas narrates a novel about Jesse and their friends' adventures and their popularity. As he finishes, Jesse, Axel, and Olivia provide feedback for the novel. Along with Radar, Jesse's new assistant, the five leave the Order's palace to prepare for Founding Day celebrations throughout the world. Radar stays with Jesse to help with various tasks in Beacontown. Afterwards, Jesse heads to the mines to meet Petra, who has been sent to find a mystery monster by Stella, who has Petra's golden sword.

text: In the mines, Jesse and Petra fight off zombies, then race through the mine shaft to find the "mystery monster", which turns out to be a llama named Lluna. They capture the llama, and also find a strange glove on top of a pyramid that whispers Jesse's name. The pyramid collapses and reveals a bottomless pit. They close off the pit and escape. Back on the surface, Jesse leaves a warning sign, and they head to Champion City to take the llama to Stella. The two meet Stella and give the llama back to her. Stella informs Petra that the "adventure" was a scam and doesn't return the sword. The two decide to "steal" the golden sword back. Once they reach Stella's treasure room, they find that the sword is missing. Stella shows up, accepts "defeat", and gives the sword back.

text: As they head back to Beacontown, the bottomless pit blows open and spews out charged creepers. They fight them off with ease before sealing it again. They head straight to Beacontown to meet Jack, a former treasure hunter. Jack talks to Jesse about the glove, and introduces them to Nurm, who makes Jack's maps. The four get some armor from the Order's palace, and head to the ocean temple. As they travel, Jack informs them how the ocean monument is ran by "the Admin", a creature that plays by its own rules. They suit up in water helmets, and swim to the ocean monument. Jesse completes a door frame, which frees Vos. Jack is surprised that Vos is alive, and the five reach the main part of the temple. They find the two structure blocks, and must pick one. After fighting off stone guards, including "the Admin", the player can choose to help either Petra or Jack. The five then escape back to Beacontown. After closing the pit with the structure block, everyone celebrates Founding Day. As the celebrations start, "the Admin" goes after Jesse, vowing to demolish them. While Lukas is at his house writing his novel with his pet ocelot, he sees the Colossus approaching Beacontown, he proceeds to dress up in his armor and ride to help Jesse.

text: Giant Consequences (Episode 2)[edit]

text: "The Admin" meets Jesse at Beacontown, and the two fight against each other, destroying part of Beacontown in the process, He uses a giant clock to turn day into night so that monsters would invade the city. "The Admin" also takes the structure block away from Jesse and swallows it whole. Just as "The Admin" is about to swallow Jesse whole, Lukas distracts him with a bow to the eye, and saves Jesse from certain death. Jesse then realizes that the symbol on "The Admin's" head was the same symbol shown on the back of the Prismarine Golem at the ocean temple, and Jesse realizes that destroying the symbol is the only way of destroying "the Admin". With no time to spare, Jesse takes Lukas' horse, climbs up "the Admin", and kills it, dropping a giant clock in the process, which Jesse uses to make the sun come up.

text: In the aftermath, Jesse and others are doing all they can to rebuild Beacontown, and Jesse can choose whether to give Lukas or Radar the title of "Clockmaster", which basically involves watching a giant clock all day. Jesse then meets up with Jack and Vos, who unintentionally spill that they are about to go on a new adventure with Nurm and Petra, much to the disgust of Jesse. Suddenly, Jesse and Petra see snowflakes falling in Beacontown, and one of them ends up melting inside the glove, revealing "the Admin" to be a snowman. The snowman then gives Jesse a challenge: Beacontown will remain dark and huddled with hostile mobs until Jesse reclaims the giant clock, which the snowman says is "at the tippy top of my awesome, fantastic, super-deadly icy palace of despair". Jesse and numerous others fight off numerous strays and zombies, and the group (consisting of Jesse, Petra, Lukas, Radar, Jack, and Vos) head toward the ice palace. On the way to the ice palace, the group encounter Lluna and Stella, once again talking about their "rivalry". The group ignore her, and she eventually tags along with them in order to "keep an eye on them". Stella then reveals that Radar was originally part of Stella's inventory management team.

text: At the ice palace, the snowman drops the group into the pit, and Jesse can choose whether to go with Lukas or Petra in order to find the clock. The group eventually end up in a roller-coaster-like maze, and meet the snowman once more, giving the group (consisting of Jesse, Lukas, and Radar or Jesse, Petra, Jack, and Vos) several challenges, such as a shooting gallery, parkour, and a fight with a giant snow golem. Nonetheless, the Admin insists that only one person is supposed to win, and throws Radar/Jack into another challenge, with Vos randomly disappearing. The group then mine their way out with a diamond pickaxe and face numerous Snow Endercreepers. Jesse can then choose whether Petra or Jack should get the clock, and whether Stella should come along or leave her be. Petra/Jack makes it up to the clock and destroys it, turning the world back to normal time. Jack insists on finding Vos, and the group help Jack find him. Suddenly, it is revealed that Vos is indeed the Admin the entire time as the real Vos died years ago, and he is convinced on partnering up by Stella. The Admin then transports the Glove to whoever destroyed the clock & proceeds to teleport Jesse to a jailhouse.

text: Jailhouse Block (Episode 3)[edit]

text: Jesse arrives at the "Sunshine Institute", a place where the Admin likes to keep people that he detests as well as people meant to control the people who he detests. Jesse immediately tries to escape with help from Jack/Petra (who was not chosen as a champion) where they discover that the prison is in the middle of a labyrinth filled with dangerous monsters, they are immediately apprehended and sent back to the prison. Jesse meets the Warden a former "Guest" (prisoner) who was promoted who proceeds to torture Radar in order to coerce Jesse into becoming an "Associate" (Guard), Jesse can either accept this new role or refuse. If he accepts the role he will be an Associate, if not the Warden will break Radar's Glasses & give him a black-eye. They also discover that Stella is also there as an Associate of the deeper floor. After an attempted escape from Prisoner X, they discover that they need her help in order for them to get out of there.

text: As an Associate/Guest you will find another Guest's Secret Stash, a Mooshroom, once the Warden finds out you will be asked to shear the mushrooms from the Mooshroom to change it back to a regular cow promising a promotion to the lower depths if you obey. If you shear the cow you will be promoted to an associate in the lower depths (Jack/Petra, Nurm & Radar will cause trouble to be demoted to follow you), but if you refuse you and your friends will be demoted to the lower depths as guests. Once in the lower levels you ask assistance from Stella to make a lever to open Prisoner X's cell, you can either promise to help her escape as well or not, after successfully opening the gate to Prisoner X's Cell the Admin shows up and forces Jesse & Jack/Petra (Who became the champion in the previous episode) to fight to the death, but they instead cooperate to try and attack the Admin, annoyed by this he abandons the Sunshine Institute and fires the Warden. The Admin comes up with a New plan to impersonate Jesse and take over his perfect life in Beacontown and proceeds to take Stella with him.

text: They proceed to Prisoner X's isolated cell, the cell is booby trapped to explode if no one is standing on at least one pressure plate which means that either Nurm or Lluna need to be left behind so that they can escape. After their escape they learn that Prisoner X whose name is Xara is a former Admin. They were told that Xara & another Admin named Fred fought with Romeo (The Admin's Real Name) for control of the world but Fred was killed & Xara's powers was taken away.

text: After fighting through the monster labyrinth you are asked to choose to help Xara when she ditches you or to leave her to fend for herself. Whatever you choose you will meet up with her at the base of a Diamond Tower. Xara explains that there is a passageway beneath the tower and they need to dig into the bedrock to escape, she also explains that the secret to rid Romeo of his abilities also lie there as well. They enter the passageway, but we see that there is an Enderman in the passageway. Romeo in Jesse's form proceeds to give the Order of the Stone's Amulet to an armored assailant to try and hunt down Jesse & his friends.

text: Episodes[edit]

text:
Season
Episodes
Originally aired

First aired
Last aired

1
8
5
October 13, 2015 (2015-10-13)
March 29, 2016 (2016-03-29)

3
June 7, 2016 (2016-06-07)
September 13, 2016 (2016-09-13)

2
5
July 11, 2017 (2017-07-11)
TBA

text: Season 1 (2015-16)[edit]

text: The main Minecraft: Story Mode game was separated into five episodes for Season 1, released in one month intervals. Three additional episodes were later released.

text:
No.
overall
No. in
season
Title
Directed by
Written by
Original release date

Main

1
1
"The Order of the Stone"
Dennis Lenart and Graham Ross
Michael Choung and Laura Jacqmin
October 13, 2015 (2015-10-13)[1]

While at Endercon, Jesse, Olivia, Axel, Reuben, Petra, and Lukas instantly face a creature named the Wither Storm, a world-threatening monster. It is up to Jesse and his/her friends to reassemble the Order of the Stone, a group of adventurers and so-called slayers of the Ender Dragon.

2
2
"Assembly Required"
Jason Latino
Joshua Rubin, Eric Stirpe and Timothy Williams
October 27, 2015 (2015-10-27)[2]

Jesse and his/her friends must recruit Magnus/Ellegaard and find Soren, the final member of the Order of the Stone.

3
3
"The Last Place You Look"
Jonathan Stauder
Michael Choung, Laura Jacqmin, Eric Stirpe and Timothy Williams
November 24, 2015 (2015-11-24)[3]

Trapped at Soren's fortress, Jesse and his/her friends must find Soren to build the Formidi-Bomb, which might destroy the Wither Storm.

4
4
"A Block and a Hard Place"
Graham Ross and Rebekah Gamin Arcovitch
Brad Kane and Laura Jacqmin
December 22, 2015 (2015-12-22)[4]

After the Formidi-Bomb failed to destroy the witherstorm when the command block is still there, Jesse and his/her friends must go on a long journey to the Far Lands, to find Ivor's laboratory and use his help to not only destroy the Wither Storm, but the Command Block.

5
5
"Order Up!"
Jonathan Stauder
Eric Stirpe and Timothy Williams
March 29, 2016 (2016-03-29)[5]

Jesse, Petra, Lukas, and Ivor find a mysterious portal and wind themselves up in a strange place called Sky City. After being framed, Jesse and his/her friends must clear their names and stop an old enemy from destroying an innocent world.

Downloaded content

6
6
"A Portal to Mystery"
Sean Manning
Eric Stirpe and Timothy Williams
June 7, 2016 (2016-06-07)[6]

Jesse and his/her friends end up in a room full of portals and must find a portal leading to the overworld. The episode features five well-known YouTube players of Minecraft, as their avatars in the game: Joseph Garrett, Stacy Hinojosa, Dan Middleton, Lizzie Dwyer, and Jordan Maron.

7
7
"Access Denied"
Rebekah Gamin Arcovitch and Jason Pyke
Luke McMullen and Eric Stirpe
July 26, 2016 (2016-07-26)[7]

Continuing their portal journey in search of home, Jesse and crew land in a world entirely controlled by PAMA - a sinister "thinking machine" determined to command everyone and everything with red stone mind control "chips" in pursuit of optimal usefulness and efficiency. Forced on the run to avoid capture and assimilation, you'll need to work with a new ally to defeat the corrupted computer and free the population it has enslaved.

8
8
"A Journey's End?"
Vahram Antonian
Eric Stirpe, Yale Hannon, and Erica Harrell
September 13, 2016 (2016-09-13)[8]

Jesse, Petra, Lukas, and Ivor try to find The Atlas, which can supposedly find their way home. They meet The Old Builders who turned out to be a group of people who have many tricks up their sleeves, But still manage to help them find their way home, and along the way, they make a new friend, Em.

text: Season 2 (2017)[edit]

text: In July 2017, the first trailer was released for season 2 revealing a release date of July 11.[24]

text:
No.
overall
No. in
season
Title
Directed by
Written by
Original release date

9
1
"Hero in Residence"
Jonathan Stauder
Eric Stirpe
July 11, 2017 (2017-07-11)[15]

As old friends and new responsibilities pull Jesse in different directions, the discovery of a strange Prismarine Gauntlet leads our hero into a whole new world of mystery and danger.

10
2
"Giant Consequences"
Jonathan Stauder
Eric Stirpe
August 15, 2017 (2017-08-15)[25]

A powerful foe emerges in Beacontown and subjects Jesse to some bizarre (and deadly) challenges. Friendships will be tested and new alliances formed as Jesse fights to save the world from this mighty enemy.

11
3
"Jailhouse Block"
Chris Reiser
Adam Douglas
September 19, 2017 (2017-09-19)

Jesse and the gang must brave a dangerous prison and its even more dangerous inmates to reach the secret at the prison's heart... But when the enemy to recruit Jesse’s friends, will they all be able to resist the call?

text: Development and releases[edit]

text: The idea for Minecraft: Story Mode came around the end of 2012 when Telltale Games was engaged in work for Tales from the Borderlands, an episodic series based on the Borderlands series. The idea of developing stories around other established video game franchises led the team to brainstorm the idea for a Minecraft-related game, given that the game was essentially a "blank canvas" for storytelling, according to Job Stauffer, and would create an interesting challenge.[16] The two groups recognized the amount of fan-generated narrative content that existed in the way of YouTube videos and other media forms that demonstrated the potential for storytelling in the game.[26] Many on Telltale's staff were also already fans of Minecraft, with a private server that they played on, with some of the incidents that occurred on there becoming ideas for the game's story.[26] Telltale began negotiations with Mojang in early 2013, and began work on the title shortly thereafter.[16] Stauffer noted that Microsoft's acquisition of Mojang was not a factor in the game's development, as their interaction with Mojang began well before Microsoft's negotiations.[16]

text: Telltale opted to create a new main character of Jesse for Minecraft: Story Mode instead of using default "Steve" character from Minecraft, feeling that they did not want to attempt to rewrite how players already saw this character in the game.[27] Other primary characters in the game are loosely designed around archetypes of common player-characters for Minecraft, such that those that engage in building, fighting, or griefing other players.[26] The game will not attempt to provide any background for some concepts in Minecraft, such as the creepers, as to avoid the various interpretations that fans have done for these elements, though they are elements of the game's story.[26]

text: Stauffer stated that the game's story would be aimed as family-friendly, similar to the films The Goonies or Ghostbusters;[16] their intended content would be equivalent to a PG-13 or PEGI-12 rating.[19][26] A number of the voice actors are alumni of such films of the 1980s such as Corey Feldman who starred in The Goonies, and the game includes various references to these types of films.[26] Stauffer reflected that while Telltale's more recent games like The Walking Dead were more mature stories, their original adventure games like Sam & Max and Strong Bad's Cool Game for Attractive People were written as family-friendly, and that they consider their approach to Minecraft: Story Mode as "part of our DNA".[18] The story was aimed to be accessible to both existing players of Minecraft - both novice and advanced players - and to new audiences outside of the game.[16]

text: Minecraft: Story Mode was formally announced in December 2014 as a collaboration project between Mojang and Telltale; the announcement was presented as an interactive adventure game named "Info Quest II".[28] Its first trailer was released during the Minecon 2015 convention in early July.[21] The game is planned for a five-episode series for release on Android, iOS, Microsoft Windows, OS X, PlayStation and Xbox consoles by late 2015;[29][30] Telltale has confirmed that they will release the game for the Wii U, representing the first time a Minecraft game has been released on a Nintendo platform, as well as the first time a Telltale's title has been released on a Nintendo platform since Back to the Future: The Game.[16] Minecraft: Story Mode - The Complete Adventure, incorporating both the main episodes and downloadable content, was also announced for the Nintendo Switch.[31]

text: The series released for most systems on October 13, 2015, with the PlayStation Vita and Wii U versions to follow at a later date. A season pass of the game was available for purchase on October 27, 2015, which allows the player to access the other four episodes once they are released.[1] Retail versions of the game were released on October 27, 2015.[2]

text: Sequel[edit]

text: Minecraft: Story Mode – Season Two was released on July 11, 2017 across five episodes, for Windows, macOS, PlayStation 4, Xbox 360, Xbox One, iOS and Android. It continues the story from the first season, with the player's choices affecting elements within Season 2. Patton Oswalt, Catherine Taber, Ashley Johnson, and Scott Porter are confirmed to continue voicework for the new season. The game supports the new Crowd Play feature that Telltale introduced in Batman: The Telltale Series, allowing up to 2,000 audience members to vote on decisions for player using Twitch or other streaming services.[32]

text: On August 3, 2017, Telltale announced that Episode 2, "Giant Consequences", was released on August 15.[25]

text: On September 19, 2017, Episode 3 "Jailhouse Block" was released.

text: Reception[edit]

text:
Season 1 Aggregate Reviews

Game
Metacritic

Episode 1: The Order of the Stone
(PC) 71[33]
(PS4) 71[34]
(XONE) 77[35]

Episode 2: Assembly Required
(PC) 59[36]
(PS4) 53[37]
(XONE) 61[38]

Episode 3: The Last Place You Look
(PC) 73[39]
(PS4) 73[40]
(XONE) 75[41]

Episode 4: A Block and a Hard Place
(PC) 68[42]
(PS4) 72[43]
(XONE) 71[44]

Episode 5: Order Up!
(PC) 70[45]
(PS4) 72[46]
(XONE) 69[47]

Episode 6: A Portal to Mystery
(PC) 64[48]
(PS4) 69[49]
(XONE) 71[50]

Episode 7: Access Denied
(PC) 69[51]
(PS4) 68[52]
(XONE) 71[53]

Episode 8: A Journey's End?
(PS4) 69[54]

text:
Season 2 Aggregate Reviews

Game
Metacritic

Episode 1: Hero in Residence
(PC) 71[55]
(PS4) 67[56]
(XONE) 76[57]

text: Minecraft: Story Mode received mixed reviews from critics. It received praise for its humor, faithfulness to its source material, action sequences and light hearted tone compared to some of Telltale's previous works although the presence of technical issues was criticized. Critical reception to the story and characters was widely polarized.

text: Season 1 (2015-16)[edit]

text: Episode 1: The Order of the Stone[edit]

text: Episode 1: The Order of the Stone received "mixed or average" reviews. Aggregating review website Metacritic gave the Microsoft Windows version 71/100 based on 25 reviews,[33] the PlayStation 4 version 71/100 based on 23 reviews[34] and the Xbox One version 77/100 based on 13 reviews.[35]

text: Episode 2: Assembly Required[edit]

text: Episode 2: Assembly Required received "mixed or average" reviews. Aggregating review website Metacritic gave the Microsoft Windows version 59/100 based on 13 reviews,[36] the PlayStation 4 version 53/100 based on 7 reviews[37] and the Xbox One version 61/100 based on 8 reviews.[38]

text: Episode 3: The Last Place You Look[edit]

text: Episode 3: The Last Place You Look received "mixed or average" reviews. Aggregating review website Metacritic gave the Microsoft Windows version 73/100 based on 10 reviews,[39] the PlayStation 4 version 73/100 based on 7 reviews[40] and the Xbox One version 75/100 based on 9 reviews.[41]

text: Episode 4: A Block and a Hard Place[edit]

text: Episode 4: A Block and a Hard Place received "mixed or average" reviews. Aggregating review website Metacritic gave the Microsoft Windows version 68/100 based on 8 reviews,[42] the PlayStation 4 version 72/100 based on 8 reviews[43] and the Xbox One version 71/100 based on 8 reviews.[44]

text: Episode 5: Order Up![edit]

text: Episode 5: Order Up! received "mixed or average" reviews. Aggregating review website Metacritic gave the Microsoft Windows version 70/100 based on 6 reviews,[45] the PlayStation 4 version 72/100 based on 9 reviews[46] and the Xbox One version 69/100 based on 6 reviews.[47]

text: Episode 6: A Portal to Mystery[edit]

text: Episode 6: A Portal to Mystery received mixed reviews. Aggregating review website Metacritic gave the Microsoft Windows version 64/100 based on 5 reviews,[48] the PlayStation 4 version 69/100 based on 6 reviews[49] and the Xbox One version 71/100 based on 5 reviews.[50]

text: Episode 7: Access Denied[edit]

text: Episode 7: Access Denied received mixed reviews. Aggregating review website Metacritic gave the Microsoft Windows version 69/100 based on 4 reviews,[51] the PlayStation 4 version 68/100 based on 6 reviews[52] and the Xbox One version 71/100 based on 5 reviews.[53]

text: Episode 8: A Journey's End?[edit]

text: Episode 8: A Journey's End? received mixed reviews. Aggregating review website Metacritic gave the PlayStation 4 version 69/100 based on 6 reviews.[54]

text: Season 2 (2017)[edit]

text: Episode 1: Hero in Residence[edit]

text: Episode 1: Hero in Residence received mixed reviews. Aggregating review website Metacritic gave the PC version 71/100 based on 8 reviews,[55] the PlayStation 4 version 67/100 based on 8 reviews,[56] and the Xbox One version 76/100 based on 4 reviews.[57]


document_title: Art history

question_text: who is considered to be the first modern art historian

root

text: Art history

text: Definition[edit]

text: Art history as we know it in the 21st century began in the 19th century but has precedents that date to the ancient world. Like the analysis of historical trends in politics, literature, and the sciences, the discipline benefits from the clarity and portability of the written word, but art historians also rely on formal analysis, semiotics, psychoanalysis and iconography. Advances in photographic reproduction and printing techniques after World War II increased the ability of reproductions of artworks. Such technologies have helped to advance the discipline in profound ways, as they have enabled easy comparisons of objects. The study of visual art thus described, can be a practice that involves understanding context, form, and social significance.

tag: p

text: Methodologies[edit]

text: Art historians employ a number of methods in their research into the ontology and history of objects.

text: Art historians often examine work in the context of its time. At best, this is done in a manner which respects its creator's motivations and imperatives; with consideration of the desires and prejudices of its patrons and sponsors; with a comparative analysis of themes and approaches of the creator's colleagues and teachers; and with consideration of iconography and symbolism. In short, this approach examines the work of art in the context of the world within which it was created.

text: Art historians also often examine work through an analysis of form; that is, the creator's use of line, shape, color, texture, and composition. This approach examines how the artist uses a two-dimensional picture plane or the three dimensions of sculptural or architectural space to create his or her art. The way these individual elements are employed results in representational or non-representational art. Is the artist imitating an object or image found in nature? If so, it is representational. The closer the art hews to perfect imitation, the more the art is realistic. Is the artist not imitating, but instead relying on symbolism, or in an important way striving to capture nature's essence, rather than copy it directly? If so the art is non-representational—also called abstract. Realism and abstraction exist on a continuum. Impressionism is an example of a representational style that was not directly imitative, but strove to create an "impression" of nature. If the work is not representational and is an expression of the artist's feelings, longings and aspirations, or is a search for ideals of beauty and form, the work is non-representational or a work of expressionism.

text: An iconographical analysis is one which focuses on particular design elements of an object. Through a close reading of such elements, it is possible to trace their lineage, and with it draw conclusions regarding the origins and trajectory of these motifs. In turn, it is possible to make any number of observations regarding the social, cultural, economic, and aesthetic values of those responsible for producing the object.

text: Many art historians use critical theory to frame their inquiries into objects. Theory is most often used when dealing with more recent objects, those from the late 19th century onward. Critical theory in art history is often borrowed from literary scholars, and it involves the application of a non-artistic analytical framework to the study of art objects. Feminist, Marxist, critical race, queer, and postcolonial theories are all well established in the discipline. As in literary studies, there is an interest among scholars in nature and the environment, but the direction that this will take in the discipline has yet to be determined.

text: More recently, media and digital technology introduced possibilities of visual, spatial and experiential analyses. The relevant forms vary from movies, to interactive forms, including virtual environments, augmented environments, situated media, networked media, etc. The methods enabled by such techniques are in active development and promise to include qualitative approaches that can emphasize narrative, dramatic, emotional and ludic characteristics of history and art.[5]

text: Timeline of prominent methods[edit]

text: Pliny the Elder and ancient precedents[edit]

text: The earliest surviving writing on art that can be classified as art history are the passages in Pliny the Elder's Natural History (c. AD 77-79), concerning the development of Greek sculpture and painting.[6] From them it is possible to trace the ideas of Xenokrates of Sicyon (c. 280 BC), a Greek sculptor who was perhaps the first art historian.[7] Pliny's work, while mainly an encyclopaedia of the sciences, has thus been influential from the Renaissance onwards. (Passages about techniques used by the painter Apelles c. (332-329 BC), have been especially well-known.) Similar, though independent, developments occurred in the 6th century China, where a canon of worthy artists was established by writers in the scholar-official class. These writers, being necessarily proficient in calligraphy, were artists themselves. The artists are described in the Six Principles of Painting formulated by Xie He.[8]

text: Vasari and artists' biographies[edit]

text: While personal reminiscences of art and artists have long been written and read (see Lorenzo Ghiberti Commentarii, for the best early example),[9] it was Giorgio Vasari, the Tuscan painter, sculptor and author of the Lives of the Painters, who wrote the first true history of art.[10] He emphasized art's progression and development, which was a milestone in this field. His was a personal and a historical account, featuring biographies of individual Italian artists, many of whom were his contemporaries and personal acquaintances. The most renowned of these was Michelangelo, and Vasari's account is enlightening, though biased[citation needed] in places.

text: Vasari's ideas about art were enormously influential, and served as a model for many, including in the north of Europe Karel van Mander's Schilder-boeck and Joachim von Sandrart's Teutsche Akademie.[citation needed] Vasari's approach held sway until the 18th century, when criticism was leveled at his biographical account of history.[citation needed]

text: Winckelmann and art criticism[edit]

text: Scholars such as Johann Joachim Winckelmann (1717–1768), criticised Vasari's "cult" of artistic personality, and they argued that the real emphasis in the study of art should be the views of the learned beholder and not the unique viewpoint of the charismatic artist. Winckelmann's writings thus were the beginnings of art criticism. His two most notable works that introduced the concept of art criticism were Gedanken über die Nachahmung der griechischen Werke in der Malerei und Bildhauerkunst, published in 1755, shortly before he left for Rome (Fuseli published an English translation in 1765 under the title Reflections on the Painting and Sculpture of the Greeks), and Geschichte der Kunst des Altertums (History of Art in Antiquity), published in 1764 (this is the first occurrence of the phrase ‘history of art’ in the title of a book)".[11] Winckelmann critiqued the artistic excesses of Baroque and Rococo forms, and was instrumental in reforming taste in favor of the more sober Neoclassicism. Jacob Burckhardt (1818–1897), one of the founders of art history, noted that Winckelmann was 'the first to distinguish between the periods of ancient art and to link the history of style with world history'. From Winckelmann until the mid-20th century, the field of art history was dominated by German-speaking academics. Winckelmann's work thus marked the entry of art history into the high-philosophical discourse of German culture.

text: Winckelmann was read avidly by Johann Wolfgang Goethe and Friedrich Schiller, both of whom began to write on the history of art, and his account of the Laocoon occasioned a response by Lessing. The emergence of art as a major subject of philosophical speculation was solidified by the appearance of Immanuel Kant's Critique of Judgment in 1790, and was furthered by Hegel's Lectures on Aesthetics. Hegel's philosophy served as the direct inspiration for Karl Schnaase's work. Schnaase's Niederländische Briefe established the theoretical foundations for art history as an autonomous discipline, and his Geschichte der bildenden Künste, one of the first historical surveys of the history of art from antiquity to the Renaissance, facilitated the teaching of art history in German-speaking universities. Schnaase's survey was published contemporaneously with a similar work by Franz Theodor Kugler.

text: Wölfflin and stylistic analysis[edit]

text: Heinrich Wölfflin (1864–1945), who studied under Burckhardt in Basel, is the "father" of modern art history. Wölfflin taught at the universities of Berlin, Basel, Munich, and Zurich. A number of students went on to distinguished careers in art history, including Jakob Rosenberg and Frida Schottmuller. He introduced a scientific approach to the history of art, focusing on three concepts. Firstly, he attempted to study art using psychology, particularly by applying the work of Wilhelm Wundt. He argued, among other things, that art and architecture are good if they resemble the human body. For example, houses were good if their façades looked like faces. Secondly, he introduced the idea of studying art through comparison. By comparing individual paintings to each other, he was able to make distinctions of style. His book Renaissance and Baroque developed this idea, and was the first to show how these stylistic periods differed from one another. In contrast to Giorgio Vasari, Wölfflin was uninterested in the biographies of artists. In fact he proposed the creation of an "art history without names." Finally, he studied art based on ideas of nationhood. He was particularly interested in whether there was an inherently "Italian" and an inherently "German" style. This last interest was most fully articulated in his monograph on the German artist Albrecht Dürer.

text: Riegl, Wickhoff, and the Vienna School[edit]

text: Contemporaneous with Wölfflin's career, a major school of art-historical thought developed at the University of Vienna. The first generation of the Vienna School was dominated by Alois Riegl and Franz Wickhoff, both students of Moritz Thausing, and was characterized by a tendency to reassess neglected or disparaged periods in the history of art. Riegl and Wickhoff both wrote extensively on the art of late antiquity, which before them had been considered as a period of decline from the classical ideal. Riegl also contributed to the revaluation of the Baroque.

text: The next generation of professors at Vienna included Max Dvořák, Julius von Schlosser, Hans Tietze, Karl Maria Swoboda, and Josef Strzygowski. A number of the most important twentieth-century art historians, including Ernst Gombrich, received their degrees at Vienna at this time. The term "Second Vienna School" (or "New Vienna School") usually refers to the following generation of Viennese scholars, including Hans Sedlmayr, Otto Pächt, and Guido Kaschnitz von Weinberg. These scholars began in the 1930s to return to the work of the first generation, particularly to Riegl and his concept of Kunstwollen, and attempted to develop it into a full-blown art-historical methodology. Sedlmayr, in particular, rejected the minute study of iconography, patronage, and other approaches grounded in historical context, preferring instead to concentrate on the aesthetic qualities of a work of art. As a result, the Second Vienna School gained a reputation for unrestrained and irresponsible formalism, and was furthermore colored by Sedlmayr's overt racism and membership in the Nazi party. This latter tendency was, however, by no means shared by all members of the school; Pächt, for example, was himself Jewish, and was forced to leave Vienna in the 1930s.

text: Panofsky and iconography[edit]

text: Our 21st-century understanding of the symbolic content of art comes from a group of scholars who gathered in Hamburg in the 1920s. The most prominent among them were Erwin Panofsky, Aby Warburg, and Fritz Saxl. Together they developed much of the vocabulary that continues to be used in the 21st century by art historians. "Iconography"—with roots meaning "symbols from writing" refers to subject matter of art derived from written sources—especially scripture and mythology. "Iconology" is a broader term that referred to all symbolism, whether derived from a specific text or not. Today art historians sometimes use these terms interchangeably.

text: Panofsky, in his early work, also developed the theories of Riegl, but became eventually more preoccupied with iconography, and in particular with the transmission of themes related to classical antiquity in the Middle Ages and Renaissance. In this respect his interests coincided with those of Warburg, the son of a wealthy family who had assembled an impressive library in Hamburg devoted to the study of the classical tradition in later art and culture. Under Saxl's auspices, this library was developed into a research institute, affiliated with the University of Hamburg, where Panofsky taught.

text: Warburg died in 1929, and in the 1930s Saxl and Panofsky, both Jewish, were forced to leave Hamburg. Saxl settled in London, bringing Warburg's library with him and establishing the Warburg Institute. Panofsky settled in Princeton at the Institute for Advanced Study. In this respect they were part of an extraordinary influx of German art historians into the English-speaking academy in the 1930s. These scholars were largely responsible for establishing art history as a legitimate field of study in the English-speaking world, and the influence of Panofsky's methodology, in particular, determined the course of American art history for a generation.

text: Freud and psychoanalysis[edit]

text: Heinrich Wölfflin was not the only scholar to invoke psychological theories in the study of art. Psychoanalyst Sigmund Freud wrote a book on the artist Leonardo da Vinci, in which he used Leonardo's paintings to interrogate the artist's psyche and sexual orientation. Freud inferred from his analysis that Leonardo was probably homosexual.

text: Though the use of posthumous material to perform psychoanalysis is controversial among art historians, especially since the sexual mores of Leonardo's time and Freud's are different, it is often attempted. One of the best-known psychoanalytic scholars is Laurie Schneider Adams, who wrote a popular textbook, Art Across Time, and a book Art and Psychoanalysis.

text: An unsuspecting turn for the history of art criticism came in 1914 when Sigmund Freud published a psychoanalytical interpretation of Michelangelo’s Moses titled Der Moses des Michelangelo as one of the first psychology based analyses on a work of art.[12] Freud first published this work shortly after reading Vasari’s Lives. For unknown purposes, Freud originally published the article anonymously.

text: Jung and archetypes[edit]

text: Carl Jung also applied psychoanalytic theory to art. C.G. Jung was a Swiss psychiatrist, an influential thinker, and founder of analytical psychology. Jung's approach to psychology emphasized understanding the psyche through exploring the worlds of dreams, art, mythology, world religion and philosophy. Much of his life's work was spent exploring Eastern and Western philosophy, alchemy, astrology, sociology, as well as literature and the arts. His most notable contributions include his concept of the psychological archetype, the collective unconscious, and his theory of synchronicity. Jung believed that many experiences perceived as coincidence were not merely due to chance but, instead, suggested the manifestation of parallel events or circumstances reflecting this governing dynamic.[13] He argued that a collective unconscious and archetypal imagery were detectable in art. His ideas were particularly popular among American Abstract expressionists in the 1940s and 1950s.[14] His work inspired the surrealist concept of drawing imagery from dreams and the unconscious.

text: Jung emphasized the importance of balance and harmony. He cautioned that modern humans rely too heavily on science and logic and would benefit from integrating spirituality and appreciation of the unconscious realm. His work not only triggered analytical work by art historians, but it became an integral part of art-making. Jackson Pollock, for example, famously created a series of drawings to accompany his psychoanalytic sessions with his Jungian psychoanalyst, Dr. Joseph Henderson. Henderson who later published the drawings in a text devoted to Pollock's sessions realized how powerful the drawings were as a therapeutic tool.[15]

text: The legacy of psychoanalysis in art history has been profound, and extends beyond Freud and Jung. The prominent feminist art historian Griselda Pollock, for example, draws upon psychoanalysis both in her reading into contemporary art and in her rereading of modernist art. With Griselda Pollock's reading of French feminist psychoanalysis and in particular the writings of Julia Kristeva and Bracha L. Ettinger, as with Rosalind Krauss readings of Jacques Lacan and Jean-François Lyotard and Catherine de Zegher's curatorial rereading of art, Feminist theory written in the fields of French feminism and Psychoanalysis has strongly informed the reframing of both men and women artists in art history.

text: Marx and ideology[edit]

text: During the mid-20th century, art historians embraced social history by using critical approaches. The goal was to show how art interacts with power structures in society. One critical approach that art historians[who?] used was Marxism. Marxist art history attempted to show how art was tied to specific classes, how images contain information about the economy, and how images can make the status quo seem natural (ideology).[citation needed]

text: Perhaps the best-known Marxist was Clement Greenberg, who came to prominence during the late 1930s with his essay "Avant-Garde and Kitsch".[16] In the essay Greenberg claimed that the avant-garde arose in order to defend aesthetic standards from the decline of taste involved in consumer society, and seeing kitsch and art as opposites. Greenberg further claimed that avant-garde and Modernist art was a means to resist the leveling of culture produced by capitalist propaganda. Greenberg appropriated the German word 'kitsch' to describe this consumerism, although its connotations have since changed to a more affirmative notion of leftover materials of capitalist culture. Greenberg later[when?] became well known for examining the formal properties of modern art.[citation needed]

text: Meyer Schapiro is one of the best-remembered Marxist art historians of the mid-20th century. Although he wrote about numerous time periods and themes in art, he is best remembered for his commentary on sculpture from the late Middle Ages and early Renaissance, at which time he saw evidence of capitalism emerging and feudalism declining.[citation needed]

text: Arnold Hauser wrote the first Marxist survey of Western Art, entitled The Social History of Art. He attempted to show how class consciousness was reflected in major art periods. The book was controversial when published during the 1950s since it makes generalizations about entire eras, a strategy now called "vulgar Marxism".[citation needed]

text: Marxist Art History was refined in the department of Art History at UCLA with scholars such as T.J. Clark, O.K. Werckmeister, David Kunzle, Theodor W. Adorno, and Max Horkheimer. T.J. Clark was the first art historian writing from a Marxist perspective to abandon vulgar Marxism. He wrote Marxist art histories of several impressionist and realist artists, including Gustave Courbet and Édouard Manet. These books focused closely on the political and economic climates in which the art was created.[citation needed]

text: Feminist art history[edit]

text: Linda Nochlin's essay "Why Have There Been No Great Women Artists?" helped to ignite feminist art history during the 1970s and remains one of the most widely read essays about female artists. This was then followed by a 1972 College Art Association Panel, chaired by Nochlin, entitled "Eroticism and the Image of Woman in Nineteenth-Century Art". Within a decade, scores of papers, articles, and essays sustained a growing momentum, fueled by the Second-wave feminist movement, of critical discourse surrounding women's interactions with the arts as both artists and subjects. In her pioneering essay, Nochlin applies a feminist critical framework to show systematic exclusion of women from art training, arguing that exclusion from practicing art as well as the canonical history of art was the consequence of cultural conditions which curtailed and restricted women from art producing fields.[17] The few who did succeed were treated as anomalies and did not provide a model for subsequent success. Griselda Pollock is another prominent feminist art historian, whose use of psychoanalytic theory is described above.

text: While feminist art history can focus on any time period and location, much attention has been given to the Modern era. Some of this scholarship centers on the feminist art movement, which referred specifically to the experience of women. Often, feminist art history offers a critical "re-reading" of the Western art canon, such as Carol Duncan's re-interpretation of Les Demoiselles d'Avignon. Two pioneers of the field are Mary Garrard and Norma Broude. Their anthologies Feminism and Art History: Questioning the Litany, The Expanding Discourse: Feminism and Art History, and Reclaiming Feminist Agency: Feminist Art History After Postmodernism are substantial efforts to bring feminist perspectives into the discourse of art history. The pair also co-founded the Feminist Art History Conference.

text: Barthes and semiotics[edit]

text: As opposed to iconography which seeks to identify meaning, semiotics is concerned with how meaning is created. Roland Barthes’s connoted and denoted meanings are paramount to this examination. In any particular work of art, an interpretation depends on the identification of denoted meaning—the recognition of a visual sign, and the connoted meaning—the instant cultural associations that come with recognition. The main concern of the semiotic art historian is to come up with ways to navigate and interpret connoted meaning.[18]

text: Semiotic art history seeks to uncover the codified meaning or meanings in an aesthetic object by examining its connectedness to a collective consciousness.[19] Art historians do not commonly commit to any one particular brand of semiotics but rather construct an amalgamated version which they incorporate into their collection of analytical tools. For example, Meyer Schapiro borrowed Saussure’s differential meaning in effort to read signs as they exist within a system.[20] According to Schapiro, to understand the meaning of frontality in a specific pictorial context, it must be differentiated from, or viewed in relation to, alternate possibilities such as a profile, or a three-quarter view. Schapiro combined this method with the work of Charles Sanders Peirce whose object, sign, and interpretant provided a structure for his approach. Alex Potts demonstrates the application of Peirce’s concepts to visual representation by examining them in relation to the Mona Lisa. By seeing the Mona Lisa, for example, as something beyond its materiality is to identify it as a sign. It is then recognized as referring to an object outside of itself, a woman, or Mona Lisa. The image does not seem to denote religious meaning and can therefore be assumed to be a portrait. This interpretation leads to a chain of possible interpretations: who was the sitter in relation to Leonardo da Vinci? What significance did she have to him? Or, maybe she is an icon for all of womankind. This chain of interpretation, or “unlimited semiosis” is endless; the art historian’s job is to place boundaries on possible interpretations as much as it is to reveal new possibilities.[21]

text: Semiotics operates under the theory that an image can only be understood from the viewer’s perspective. The artist is supplanted by the viewer as the purveyor of meaning, even to the extent that an interpretation is still valid regardless of whether the creator had intended it.[21] Rosalind Krauss espoused this concept in her essay “In the Name of Picasso.” She denounced the artist’s monopoly on meaning and insisted that meaning can only be derived after the work has been removed from its historical and social context. Mieke Bal argued similarly that meaning does not even exist until the image is observed by the viewer. It is only after acknowledging this that meaning can become opened up to other possibilities such as feminism or psychoanalysis.[22]

text: Museum studies and collecting[edit]

text: Aspects of the subject which have come to the fore in recent decades include interest in the patronage and consumption of art, including the economics of the art market, the role of collectors, the intentions and aspirations of those commissioning works, and the reactions of contemporary and later viewers and owners. Museum studies, including the history of museum collecting and display, is now a specialized field of study, as is the history of collecting.

text: New materialism[edit]

text: Scientific advances have made possible much more accurate investigation of the materials and techniques used to create works, especially infra-red and x-ray photographic techniques which have allowed many underdrawings of paintings to be seen again. Proper analysis of pigments used in paint is now possible, which has upset many attributions. Dendrochronology for panel paintings and radio-carbon dating for old objects in organic materials have allowed scientific methods of dating objects to confirm or upset dates derived from stylistic analysis or documentary evidence. The development of good colour photography, now held digitally and available on the internet or by other means, has transformed the study of many types of art, especially those covering objects existing in large numbers which are widely dispersed among collections, such as illuminated manuscripts and Persian miniatures, and many types of archaeological artworks.

text: Concurrent to those technological advances, art historians have shown increasing interest in new theoretical approaches to the nature of artworks as objects. Thing theory, actor–network theory, and object-oriented ontology have played an increasing role in art historical literature.

text: Divisions by period[edit]

text: The field of Art History is traditionally divided into specializations or concentrations based on eras and regions, with further sub-division based on media. Thus, someone might specialize in "19th-century German architecture" or in "16th-century Tuscan sculpture." Sub-fields are often included under a specialization. For example, the Ancient Near East, Greece, Rome, and Egypt are all typically considered special concentrations of Ancient art. In some cases, these specializations may be closely allied (as Greece and Rome, for example), while in others such alliances are far less natural (Indian art versus Korean art, for example).

text: Non-Western art is a relative newcomer to the Art Historical canon. Recent revisions of the semantic division between art and artifact have recast objects created in non-Western cultures in more aesthetic terms. Relative to those studying Ancient Rome or the Italian Renaissance, scholars specializing in Africa, the Ancient Americas and Asia are a growing minority.

text: "Contemporary art history" refers to research into the period from the 1960s until today reflecting the break from the assumptions of modernism brought by artists of the neo-avant-garde and a continuity in contemporary art in terms of practice based on conceptualist and post-conceptualist practices.

text: Professional organizations[edit]

text: In the United States, the most important art history organization is the College Art Association.[23] It organizes an annual conference and publishes the Art Bulletin and Art Journal. Similar organizations exist in other parts of the world, as well as for specializations, such as architectural history and Renaissance art history. In the UK, for example, the Association of Art Historians is the premiere organization, and it publishes a journal titled Art History.[24]


document_title: Andrea Wyatt

question_text: who plays toby's wife on west wing

question_tokens: who plays toby 's wife on west wing

text: Andrea Wyatt

text:
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tag: table

text:
Andrea Wyatt

Kathleen York portrays Andrea Wyatt

First appearance
"Mandatory Minimums"

Last appearance
"Institutional Memory"

Created by
Aaron Sorkin

Portrayed by
Kathleen York

Information

Occupation
U.S. Representative of Maryland (Seasons 1–7)

Spouse(s)
Toby Ziegler (divorced before start of series)

Children
Molly and Huck Ziegler-Wyatt

text: Andrea 'Andy' Wyatt is a fictional character in the television serial drama The West Wing, played by Kathleen York. She is a recurring character throughout the first five seasons and final seventh season. A Democratic member of the United States House of Representatives for the state of Maryland, she is a strong ally of the Bartlett White House and former wife of communications director, Toby Ziegler.

text: Character biography[edit]

text: Wyatt had seemingly been in office for some time prior to the beginning of the show, as during the third season she is referred to as being the third ranking member on the House Foreign Affairs Committee. She later contested the seat in the 2002 election, winning with 85% of the vote. Wyatt was also divorced from Toby Ziegler by this time; the reasons for this are unknown, though some of the events leading to this were shown in the fourth-season episode "Debate Camp". Despite attempts by Toby to reconcile after it is revealed that Wyatt is pregnant with their twins, this does not happen. The twins are born at the end of the fourth season and named Molly, after the Secret Service agent murdered in the Zoey Bartlet kidnapping that night, and Huck (Huckleberry), after the Congresswoman's grandfather. She later took part in a Congressional delegation to the Middle East with White House Staffer Donna Moss and Admiral Percy Fitzwallace prior to the outset of the Bartlett administration's Peace Plan for the region.

text: Notes[edit]

text: Wyatt represents the Maryland 5th. In real life, the district includes all of Charles, St. Mary's, and Calvert Counties, as well as portions of Prince George's and Anne Arundel Counties and is currently represented by Democrat Steny Hoyer.


document_title: She's the Man

question_text: who plays duke orsino in she's the man

question_tokens: who plays duke orsino in she 's the man

text: She's the Man

text: Plot[edit]

text: Viola Hastings (Amanda Bynes) is a teen girl who plays for Cornwall College’s soccer team until the team gets cut. Meanwhile, her twin brother, Sebastian (James Kirk), is supposed to enroll in Illyria, an elite boarding school, but he secretly goes to London with his fledgling band instead. Viola agrees to cover for him and decides to pass herself off as Sebastian, in hopes of joining their boys' team and beating Cornwall to prove their coach and her cocky ex-boyfriend, Justin (Robert Hoffman), wrong. With the help of her stylist friend, Paul (Jonathan Sadowski), she is transformed into "Sebastian" and attends Illyria in his place.

text: While moving in, she meets her roommate, Duke Orsino (Channing Tatum), an attractive soccer player and Illyria's team captain. During tryouts, Viola fails to impress Coach Dinklage (Vinnie Jones) and is assigned to second string, much to her dismay. Her teammates, including Duke, initially dislike "Sebastian" due to his awkward and strange behavior. However, with help from Paul once again, they begin to accept him into their social circle. "Sebastian" then gets the popular and pretty Olivia (Laura Ramsey) as his lab partner, which frustrates Duke, as he has feelings for her. "Sebastian" agrees to put in a good word for Duke if he promises to train him to be a better soccer player. Coach Dinklage eventually notices "Sebastian's" effort and improvement, thus promoting him to first string.

text: At the Junior League carnival, where her mother has made her volunteer, Viola works a shift at the kissing booth and shares a kiss with Duke. Duke expresses to "Sebastian" that he might move on from Olivia as he is starting to like Viola now. Viola is delighted as she secretly feels the same way.

text: Olivia who now has a crush on "Sebastian", asks Duke out on a date in hopes that it will make "Sebastian" jealous. Viola, who is unaware of Olivia's true intentions, is enraged instead because Duke has now abandoned his interest in Viola. When Viola finds out the truth, she encourages Olivia to tell "Sebastian" directly about her feelings.

text: The situation becomes even more complicated when the real Sebastian returns from London a day early, unbeknownst to Viola. As soon as he arrives at Illyria, Olivia confesses her feelings and kisses him. Duke, seeing this, believes his roommate has betrayed him. When "Sebastian" returns to their room, the two have an argument and Duke kicks him out. Viola oversleeps and misses the first half of the game, while the real Sebastian is mistaken for "Sebastian" and winds up poorly playing his sister's game instead. At half-time, Viola explains the situation to Sebastian and they switch places again.

text: Duke, still furious at "Sebastian", refuses to cooperate with him on the field. Determined to makes amends with Duke, "Sebastian" explains that he is actually Viola. Illyria wins the game when Viola scores a goal, finally humiliating Justin and the rest of the Cornwall boys.

text: Everyone at Illyria celebrates their victory over Cornwall, except for Duke who is hurt about Viola's deception. Viola introduces Sebastian and Olivia officially, and they begin dating. Viola and Sebastian's divorced parents also make up, exchanging contact information so as to be better parents towards their children. She invites Duke to her debutante ball, with an invitation delivered by Sebastian, now Duke's roommate. Still hurt, Duke doesn't respond to Viola's invitation, which devastates her. At the ball, Viola is skeptical that Duke will show up; she distracts herself by assisting Olivia, who is being escorted by Sebastian to the ball, and is touched when Paul asks to be her date. Her mother shows up with a dress that will suit Viola's "no ruffles" policy, but Viola decides to go for a walk instead. She runs into Duke outside, who tells her that he has feelings for her, but that he doesn't want there to be any more deception on her part; Viola promises to be honest with him. Later, Monique is escorted by Justin, Olivia is escorted by Sebastian, and Viola and Duke enter the stage late, but together, with Viola in her new dress, much to the joy of her mother. Viola and Duke share a kiss before joining the crowd. At the end of the film, Viola and Duke are shown happily playing on Illyria's soccer team together.

text: Cast[edit]

text:
Amanda Bynes as Viola/Sebastian Hastings
Channing Tatum as Duke Orsino
Laura Ramsey as Olivia Lennox
Emily Perkins as Eunice Bates, Olivia's nerdy, eccentric friend and Duke's lab partner
James Snyder as Malcolm Festes, the school nerd and Sebastian's (Viola's) rival
Robert Hoffman as Justin Drayton, Viola's ex-boyfriend and Duke's rival
James Kirk as Sebastian Hastings
Alex Breckenridge as Monique Valentine, Sebastian's superficial girlfriend
Brandon Jay McLaren as Toby, one of Duke's best friends
Clifton Murray as Andrew, one of Duke's best friends
Jonathan Sadowski as Paul Antonio, one of Viola's best friends and hair stylist
Amanda Crew as Kia, one of Viola's best friends
Jessica Lucas as Yvonne, one of Viola's best friends
David Cross as Principal Horatio Gold
Vinnie Jones as Coach Dinklage
Julie Hagerty as Daphne Hastings, the mother of Viola and Sebastian
John Pyper-Ferguson as Roger Hastings, the father of Viola and Sebastian
Lynda Boyd as Cheryl, the debutante ball's hostess
Robert Torti as Coach Pistonek
Mark Acheson as Groundskeeper

tag: ul

text: Reception[edit]

text: Box office[edit]

text: The film opened at #4 at the North American box office making $10.7 million USD in its opening weekend. Its budget was approximately $20,000,000. She's the Man grossed a total of $33.7 million domestically with a total gross of $57.2 million worldwide.[1]

text: Critical response[edit]

text: Review aggregation website Rotten Tomatoes gave She's the Man a rating of 43%, based on 109 reviews. The critical consensus reads, "Shakespeare's wit gets lost in translation with She's the Man's broad slapstick, predictable jokes, and unconvincing plotline."[3] Metacritic, which assigns a weighted mean rating out of 100 reviews from film critics, the film has a rating score of 45 out of 100 based on 28 reviews, indicating "mixed or average reviews".[4]


document_title: Phillip Schofield

question_text: who played joseph first phillip schofield or jason donovan

text: Phillip Schofield

text: Early life and career[edit]

text: Schofield was born in Oldham, Manchester.[1] He grew up in Newquay, Cornwall, where he attended Trenance Infant School and Newquay Tretherras School.[2][3] When he was 15, his first foray into media was a Sunday show on Hospital Radio Plymouth.[2]

text: After many years of writing letters to the BBC, at 17, Schofield took up the position of bookings clerk and tea boy for BBC Radio at Broadcasting House in London, where he was, at the time, the youngest employee.[2]

text: Career[edit]

text: Television[edit]

text: Aged 19, Schofield moved with his family to New Zealand, where he made his television debut as the initial presenter of the youth music programme Shazam! on 23 February 1982.[4] He also spent two years working for the Auckland-based station Radio Hauraki.[2]

text: In 1985, he returned to Britain, where he became the first in-vision continuity presenter for Children's BBC on weekdays for two years from September 1985.[2] He left to present Going Live! on Saturday mornings between September 1987 and April 1993.[2] From 1988 to 1991, he was the host of the Smash Hits Poll Winners Party, a teen magazine awards show.

text: In the early 1990s, Schofield moved to adult-orientated television with various programmes for ITV, such as Schofield's Quest, Schofield's TV Gold and Ten Ball. From 1994 to 1997, he presented Talking Telephone Numbers for five series and in 1996 he hosted a show about remarkable coincidences called One in a Million. He co-authored the book that came out of the series.

text: In the following decade, Schofield presented the National Lottery Winning Lines programme for BBC One between June 2001 and October 2004. And between 2002 and 2006, he co-hosted the BBC quiz show Test the Nation with Anne Robinson. In July 2006, he signed an exclusive two-year contract with ITV, reported to have been worth £5 million. The exclusive deal also meant he could no longer present Test the Nation and was replaced by Danny Wallace.[5]

text: Since 2002, Schofield has been a presenter on the ITV daytime show This Morning replacing John Leslie with Fern Britton until 2008 and with Holly Willoughby from 2009. In May 2008, Schofield's father, Brian, died from a long-standing heart condition,[citation needed] which led to Schofield taking a break from presenting This Morning. John Barrowman stood in for him until his return.

text: Starting in 2005, Schofield presented two series of Have I Been Here Before?, a daytime programme where a celebrity attempted to use regression to get in touch with a previous life.

text: Since 2006, he has presented The British Soap Awards. Between 2006 and 2008, he hosted the programme with Fern Britton but since 2009, alone.

text: During the run of the ITV reality show I'm a Celebrity... Get Me Out of Here!, he co-hosted the spin-off series I'm a Celebrity, Get Me out of Here! Exclusive with Sheree Murphy. The show lasted one series.

text: In 2006, Schofield presented two episodes of the ITV game show It's Now or Never, before the network axed the show, due to poor ratings.[6]

text: Schofield presented Dancing on Ice on ITV with Holly Willoughby from 2006 until 2011 and Christine Lampard from 2012 until 2014. It was announced in the summer of 2013 that Dancing on Ice was to come to an end following the 2014 series.[7][8] The final ever episode of the show aired live on 9 March 2014. Schofield will return to co-present Dancing on Ice in 2018 following ITV's choice to reboot the series after four years away.

text: Since April 2008, he and Fern Britton hosted a revival of the ITV game show Mr. and Mrs., renamed as All Star Mr & Mrs. In 2010, the show took a break but returned in 2012 without Britton.

text: From 2009 until 2015, he presented the primetime game show The Cube and has hosted A Night of Heroes: The Sun Military Awards with Amanda Holden from 2009 until 2014.

text: In 2010 and 2011, Schofield hosted the annual comedy show The Comedy Annual on ITV. From 2011 until 2015, He co-hosted the Christmas charity show Text Santa on ITV with Christine Lampard in 2011, 2014 and 2015 and Holly Willoughby in 2012 and 2013.[9]

text: In April 2011 and June 2012, Schofield co-hosted ITV's coverage of the Royal Wedding and the Queen's Diamond Jubilee with Julie Etchingham.

text: In March 2014, Schofield narrated the one-off ITV2 show Educating Joey Essex. The show was commissioned for a full series which was aired throughout 2014.[10][11] The show was commissioned for a seven part second series, filming began in April 2016 and the series will air in summer 2016 with the first episode titled "The Queen's 90th Birthday".

text: In December 2014, he undertook a live 24-hour TV marathon to raise money for Text Santa,[12][13] where, as well as appearing on This Morning, he appeared on various other programmes throughout the day, including being a guest panellist on Loose Women.

text: He presented two series of the primetime game show You're Back in the Room for ITV in 2015 and 2016.[14]

text: In 2016, he travelled to South Africa with his wife, as part of a series of short clips for This Morning. Following this, ITV aired a 3x30 minute episodes in a primetime slot, called Schofield's South African Adventure. Since March 2017, he has presented 5 Gold Rings, a new game show format for ITV.[15][16] In 2017, Schofield presented three-part factual series How To Spend It Well at Christmas with Phillip Schofield in which he tested the latest must-have festive gifts.[17]

text: Radio[edit]

text: While working as presenter of Going Live!, Schofield was also broadcasting on BBC Radio 1 with a Sunday show (also called Going Live). When Radio 1 made the switch from medium wave to full use of FM stereo in 1988, Schofield was one of the presenters chosen to help with the launch. During his 2005 appearance on Room 101, Schofield recalled how a large crowd gathered in expectation of Simon Mayo arriving by helicopter, having turned on the Tacolneston transmitter. Due to a miscommunication, and the crowd being disappointed by Mayo's failure to appear, Schofield and an unnamed producer fled without revealing the news, and left the crowd – which included the town's mayor – still watching the sky. For this reason, and as a result of a later incident involving wing walking on an aeroplane leaving Southend Airport, Schofield chose Southend as one of his pet hates for the programme.

text: In February 2010, Schofield launched Radio Plymouth in Devon.[18]

text: Theatre[edit]

text: Schofield tried his hand at theatre and took over the role of Joseph in Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat from Jason Donovan on the West End stage in 1991. The second musical he performed in was the title role of Doctor Dolittle at the Hammersmith Apollo in London, before touring the UK. In March 2018, Schofield reprised his role as Joseph for an episode of Ant & Dec's Saturday Night Takeaway.

text: Music[edit]

text: While appearing in Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat, Schofield was approached to record a cover of "Close Every Door" to be released as a single.[19] The single was released in December 1992 on Polydor Records and peaked at number 27 on the UK Singles Chart.[20]

text: Wine[edit]

text: In 2013, Schofield began writing for the Waitrose Weekend newspaper, and has been the face of wine in their UK stores ever since.[21]

text: Schofield also has a separate Twitter account about wine called @SchofeOnWine.

text: Internet presence[edit]

text: Following his creation of an account with photo messaging service Snapchat in late 2016, Schofield found himself the subject of a series of memes due to his unique use of the application. Shared on Facebook, the memes reached peak popularity in mid-2017.[22] His vivacious facial expressions gained him a cult following and inspired the post-modern multimedia cultural movement informally known as Schofwave.[2]

text: Personal life[edit]

text: Schofield collects Bordeaux wines, an interest kindled by friend Jason Donovan. Asked in 1992 to introduce a compilation video for Donovan, Schofield refused to accept payment. Stock, Aitken and Waterman sent him two cases of Burgundy with a set of tasting notes; he joined the Wine Society two years later.[23]

text: Schofield has dual British and New Zealand citizenship.[24]

text: Charity[edit]

text: Schofield is a patron of the charity CHASE hospice care for children, which offers help and support to families of children who are not expected to reach their 19th birthday. In conjunction with rose specialist C&K Jones, he launched the Schofield rose in support of CHASE at Gardeners' World June 2006. Each rose sold attracts a donation to CHASE. Schofield is also an ambassador for children's charity Kidscape and age-positive charity Royal Voluntary Service, previously known as WRVS[25]

text: On 8 October 2012, Schofield became an Honorary Patron of the Blue Lamp Foundation, a UK based charity which raises money to support emergency services personnel who have been injured in the course of duty.[26]

text: Schofield was a supporter of the Text Santa appeal and co-presented their annual telethon each December alongside Christine Lampard and Holly Willoughby on ITV. In December 2014, Schofield presented Phillip's Live 24 Hour TV Marathon for Text Santa, which saw him present a live show for 24 hours on ITV3.[27] He also made appearances on shows including Good Morning Britain and Loose Women. Schofield also abseiled down the side of The London Studios and climbed to the top of The Shard, both in aid of Text Santa in 2014.[28][29]

text: Controversy[edit]

text: On 8 November 2012, Schofield interviewed the then prime minister David Cameron on This Morning, and presented him with a list he had obtained from the internet of five people named as paedophiles in connection with the North Wales child abuse scandal ("Prime Minister, here's a list I found on the internet"). The names of several former senior Conservative politicians were said to be visible on the list. Cameron responded by warning against a witchhunt "particularly about people who are gay". Schofield was widely criticised for this action,[30] with broadcaster Jonathan Dimbleby describing his behaviour as 'cretinous'.[31]

text: Schofield later apologised (via fellow presenter Ruth Langsford, blaming a misjudged camera angle).[32] Schofield and ITV later paid £125,000 compensation to Lord McAlpine.[33]

text: Awards[edit]

text:
TV Quick Awards: Best Daytime Show (This Morning)
National Television Awards: Most Popular Daytime Show (This Morning)

text: RTS Craft & Design Award: Best Costume Design (Dancing on Ice)

text:
Plymouth University Honorary Doctorate
National Television Awards: Best Topical Magazine Programme (This Morning)
TV Times Awards: Favourite Daytime Programme (This Morning)
BAFTA TV Craft Awards: Best Entertainment Show (The Cube)
BAFTA TV Awards: Best Entertainment Programme (The Cube)
Broadcast Awards: Best Entertainment Programme (The Cube)
TV Choice Awards: Best Game Show (The Cube)

text:
National Television Awards: Best Factual Programme (This Morning)
TRIC Awards: Best TV Daytime Programme (This Morning)
Freesat Awards: Best Live Programme (This Morning)
BAFTA TV Craft Awards: Best Entertainment Show (The Cube)
TV Choice Awards: Best Game Show (The Cube)

text:
National Television Awards: Best Daytime Programme (This Morning)
TRIC Awards: Best TV Daytime Programme (This Morning)
TRIC Awards: TRIC Special Award (Dancing on Ice)

text:
National Television Awards: Best Live Magazine Show (This Morning)
TV Choice Awards: Best Daytime Show (This Morning)

text:
National Television Awards: Best Live Magazine Show (This Morning)
TRIC Awards: TV Daytime Programme (This Morning)

text: National Television Awards: Daytime Show (This Morning)

text: Social Media Awards: Best snapchat story (“phillipschofe”)

text: Filmography[edit]

text:
Year
Title
Role
Notes

1985–1987
Children's BBC
Presenter

1987–1993
Going Live!
Presenter
6 series

1988–1991
Smash Hits Poll Winners Party
Presenter

1994–1997
Talking Telephone Numbers
Presenter
4 series; with Emma Forbes or Claudia Winkleman

1995
Tenball
Presenter
1 series

1996
One in a Million
Presenter
1 series

2001–2004
National Lottery Winning Lines
Presenter
2 series

2002–
This Morning
Co-presenter
Monday–Thursday; with Fern Britton or Holly Willoughby

2002–2006
Test the Nation
Co-presenter
17 episodes; with Anne Robinson

2006
I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! Exclusive
Co-presenter
1 series

It's Now or Never
Presenter
2 episodes

2006–2014, 2018–
Dancing on Ice
Co-presenter
10 series; with Holly Willoughby or Christine Lampard

2006–
The British Soap Awards
Presenter
Annually; with Fern Britton (2006–2008)

2008–2009
Beat the Star
Guest presenter
2 episodes

2008–2016
All Star Mr & Mrs
Presenter
8 series; with Fern Britton (2008–2010)

2009–2015
The Cube
Presenter
9 series

2009–2014
A Night of Heroes: The Sun Military Awards
Co-presenter
6 episodes; with Amanda Holden

2010–2011
The Comedy Annual
Presenter
2 episodes

2011–2015
Text Santa
Co-presenter
5 episodes; with Christine Lampard or Holly Willoughby

2014–2016
Educating Joey Essex
Narrator
2 series

2014
Phillip's Live 24 Hour TV Marathon for Text Santa[34]
Presenter
One-off special

2015–2016
You're Back in the Room
Presenter
2 series

2016
When Phillip Met Prince Philip: 60 Years of The Duke of Edinburgh's Award[35]
Presenter
One-off episode

2017
Schofield's South African Adventure
Presenter
Three-part documentary

2017–
5 Gold Rings
Presenter
1 series (+ 1 upcoming series)

2017
How To Spend It Well at Christmas with Phillip Schofield
Presenter
Three-part series

text:
Room 101 (2005)
The Alan Titchmarsh Show (2008, 2010, 2013)
Celebrity Juice (2010, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2016, 2017)
Alan Carr: Chatty Man (2012, 2014, 2015, 2016)
Surprise Surprise (2013)
The Sarah Millican Television Programme (2013)
Lorraine (2014, 2017)
The Jonathan Ross Show (2014)[36]
Loose Women (2014)[37]
The Keith Lemon Sketch Show (2015, 2016)
Hacker's Birthday Bash: 30 Years of Children's BBC (2015)
You Saw Them Here First: Hall of Fame (2015)
Up Late with Rylan (2016)
All Round to Mrs. Brown's (2017)
The Keith & Paddy Picture Show (2017)
Ant & Dec's Saturday Night Takeaway (2017, 2018)
Britain's Favourite Dogs: Top 100 (2018)
Coronation Street (2018)

text:
Year
Title
Role
Notes

2012
Keith Lemon: The Film
Himself
Cameo

text:
Year
Title
Role
Notes

1992–1997
Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat
Joseph

1998–1999
Doctor Dolittle
Doctor Dolittle
At Hammersmith Apollo

2016–
Knights of Music[38]
Himself/host
Held annually