document_title: The Gospel According to Larry

question_text: who is betagold in the gospel according to larry

text: The Gospel According to Larry

text: Plot summary[edit]

text: The Gospel According to Larry revolves around seventeen-year-old Josh Swenson, an articulate teen whose dream is to change the world. He creates his own website which he calls "The Gospel According to Larry" because Larry was the most un-biblical name he could think of. He writes articles on this site "preaching" his feelings and ideas about making the world a better place.

text: At first he does not get many hits until someone writes an article about him in a local newspaper and the number of hits begins to grow. That is when he decides to start photographing and posting his possessions. He was curious to see if it was possible to track down someone anywhere in the world simply by their possessions.

text: Josh only has 75 possessions counting all clothes, underwear, school supplies, recreational equipment, software and the keys to his step-father's house. He has a list of guidelines to keep track of how many possessions he has. If he wants a new CD, or book, or video he has to sell an old one or trade it. A notebook counts as one even though it has 70 sheets of paper in it. A pair of socks counts as one and so do shoes. He decided to start doing this after reading about Native Americans who did not want to leave a "footprint" behind. This means every purchase is a major decision and he takes it very seriously.

text: Not everyone is happy with his blog. A poster named betagold does not like the fact that Josh is hiding behind a screen name. She threatens to find him out, no matter what he does to hide himself. She even notices little things that he speaks of that she figures point to where he lives, such as Red Maples which grow in the New England area.

text: Things really take off when U2's lead singer Bono takes an interest in the site causing much more publicity. Soon after Bono decides to host a giant rock festival called Larryfest where all of the bands would play for free and all companies would sell food and drink at cost.

text: After the festival Josh is at home when an older woman knocks on his door. It is Tracy Hawthorne, also known as betagold. She is surrounded by reporters wanting to get a photograph of "Larry." He is then thrown into the public eye and at first he is glad because then he can spread his anti-consumerism message to all those who do not have access to the internet. He quickly realizes that reporters do not want to know about his message; they want to know about him: his life, his family, and his friends.

text: Josh likes to talk to his deceased mother at the makeup desk at Bloomingdale's. His mother would go there once a month to buy makeup and talk to the woman who worked there. Josh sits on a chair and talks out loud to his mother. He waits for the next voice he hears and whatever they say is his answer.

text: Josh gets really depressed by the fact that he cannot leave his house without being harassed by reporters and tries to talk to his mother. He is very confused and does not know where to go from there. He hears a woman say "Sometimes I could just kill myself." Immediately after that another woman says "I'm completely serious. Sometimes it's the only way." This is when he begins to consider suicide as a way out.

text: He ends up biking to the Sagamore Bridge because he has heard stories of how people had jumped from there. He rides home after that, pretty shaken up. The next day he gets bored and is looking up Greek and Latin roots. He puts two words together and comes up with pseudocide (Pseudo-, "false." and -cide, "killing") to pretend to kill yourself. He starts working out plans for this, not entirely considering going through with it, but it is a project. He does everything necessary for this fake suicide to occur.

text: On the day he decides to do it he cuts and dyes his hair and rides his bike to the Sagamore bridge, after seeing no one around throws his clothes over and tucks his pants into his bag so he is wearing shorts. He waves down a passing car and tells them he was running past and saw a kid jump. He describes himself as he looked before. They see his bike is registered. Josh is so freaked out that he throws up. He leaves and stays at a small motel as he watches the local news about how everything goes. He does not want there to be a doubt that it was a successful suicide.

text: Sequels[edit]

text:
Vote for Larry, was published on May 1, 2004.
Larry and the Meaning of Life, was published on September 16, 2008.

text: Awards and Reviews[edit]

text:
A BookSense Pick
A Best Book for Young Adults
A New York Public Library Best Book for the Teen Age
A Notable Trade Book in the Field of Social Studies
A Bank Street College of Education Best Children’s Book
Four starred reviews from Kirkus Reviews, School Library Journal, Booklist, and Horn Book.

text: “A thrilling read, fast-paced with much fast food for thought about our consumer-oriented culture.  The voice is clear, the ending satisfying.  Teenagers will eat this one up.” Kirkus – Starred Review

text: “A terrific read with a credible and lovable main character.  Tashjian’s gift for portraying bright adolescents with insight and humor reaches near perfection here.” School Library Journal – Starred Review

text: “Tashjian does something very fresh here, which will hit teens at a visceral level. She takes the natural idealism young people feel, personalizes it in the character of Josh/Larry, and shows that idealism transformed by unintended consequences. The book's frank discussion about topics paramount to kids--celebrity worship, consumerism, and the way multinational corporations shape our lives--is immediate, insightful, and made even more vivid because it's wrapped in the mystery of Larry.” – Booklist – Starred Review


document_title: Hannibal's crossing of the Alps

question_text: who crossed the alps with a herd of war elephants

root

text: Hannibal's crossing of the Alps

text: Background[edit]

text: After the final Carthaginian naval defeat at the Aegates Islands,[3] the Carthaginians surrendered and accepted defeat in the First Punic War.[4] Hamilcar Barca (Barca meaning lightning),[5] a leading member of the Patriotic party in Carthage and a general who operated with ability in the course of the First Punic War, sought to remedy the losses that Carthage had suffered in Sicily to the Romans.[6] In addition to this, the Carthaginians (and Hamilcar personally)[7] were embittered by the loss of Sardinia. After the loss of the war to the Romans, the Romans imposed terms upon the Carthaginians that were designed to make Carthage a tribute-paying city to Rome and simultaneously strip it of its fleet.[8] While the terms of the peace treaty were harsh, the Romans did not strip Carthage of her strength; Carthage was the most prosperous maritime trading port of its day, and the tribute that was imposed upon them by the Romans was easily paid off on a yearly basis while Carthage was simultaneously engaged by Carthaginian mercenaries who were in revolt.[8]

tag: p

text: The Carthaginian patriot party was interested in conquering Iberia, a land whose variety of natural resources would fill its coffers with sorely needed revenue[9] and replace the riches of Sicily that, following the end of the First Punic War, were now flowing into Roman coffers. In addition, it was the ambition of the Barcas, one of the leading noble families of the patriotic party, to some day employ the Iberian peninsula as a base of operations for waging a war of revenge against the Roman military alliance. Those two things went hand in hand, and in spite of conservative opposition to his expedition, Hamilcar set out in 238 BC[9][10][11] to begin his conquest of the Iberian peninsula with these objectives in mind. Marching west from Carthage[12] towards the Pillars of Hercules,[13] where his army crossed the strait and proceeded to subdue the peninsula, in the course of nine years[10][11][13] Hamilcar conquered the south-eastern portion of the peninsula.[10] His administration of the freshly conquered provinces led Cato the Elder to remark that "there was no king equal to Hamilcar Barca."[14]

text: In 228 BC,[10] Hamilcar was killed, witnessed by Hannibal,[15] during a campaign against the Celtic natives of the peninsula.[11] The commanding naval officer, who was both Hamilcar's son in law[11] and a member of the Patriotic party – Hasdrubal "The Handsome"[10][11] – was awarded the chief command by the officers of the Carthaginian Iberian army.[11][16] There were a number of Grecian colonies along the eastern coast of the Iberian peninsula, the most notable being the trade emporium of Saguntum.[16] These colonies expressed concern about the consolidation of Carthaginian power on the peninsula, which Hasdrubal's deft military leadership and diplomatic skill[13] procured. For protection, Saguntum turned to Rome; Rome sent a garrison to the city and a diplomatic mission to Hasdrubal's camp in Cartagena,[16] informing him that the Iberus river must be the limit of the Carthaginian advance in Spain.[13][17] The conclusion of the treaty and the embassy were sent to Hasdrubal's camp in 226 BC.[17][18]

text: In 221 BC,[15] Hasdrubal was killed by an assassin.[19][20][21] It was in that year that the officers of the Carthaginian army in Iberia expressed their high opinion of Hamilcar's 29-year-old[15] son, Hannibal,[21] by electing him to the chief command of the army.[15][19] Having assumed the command (retroactively confirmed by the Carthaginian Senate[19]) of the army that his father had welded through nine years of hard mountain fighting, Hannibal declared that he was going to finish his father's project of conquering the Iberian peninsula, which had been the first objective in his father's plan to bring a war to Rome in Italy and defeat it there.

text: Hannibal spent the first two years of his command seeking to complete his father's ambition while simultaneously putting down several potential revolts that resulted in part from the death of Hasdrubal, which menaced the Carthaginian possessions already conquered thus far. He attacked the tribe known as the Olcades and captured their chief town of Althaea.[19] A number of the neighbouring tribes were astonished at the vigour and rapacity of this attack,[19] as a result of which they submitted to the Carthaginians.[3] He received tribute from all of these recently subjugated tribes, and marched his army back to Cartagena, where he rewarded his troops with gifts and promised more gifts in the future.[19] During the next two years, Hannibal successfully reduced all of Iberia south of the Ebro to subjection, excepting the city of Saguntum, which, under the aegis of Rome, was outside of his immediate plans. Catalonia and Saguntum were now the only areas of the peninsula not in Hannibal's possession.[22]

text: Roman foreign relations[edit]

text: Hannibal was informed of Roman politics, and saw that this was the opportune time to attack. He had Gallic spies in every corner of the Roman Republic, even within the inner circles of the Senate itself.[23] The Romans had spent the years since the end of the First Punic War (264-241 BC)[24] tightening their grip on the peninsula by taking important geographical positions in the peninsula in addition to extending Rome's grip on Sicily, Corsica and Sardinia.

text: In addition to this, the Romans had been at war with the Padane Gauls off and on for more than a century.[25] The Boii had waged war upon the Romans in 238 BC, a war that lasted until 236 BC.[26] In 225 BC, the natives of northern Italy, seeing that Rome was again moving aggressively to colonize their territory, progressed to the attack,[27] but were defeated.[28] The Romans were determined to drive their borders right up to the Alps.[29] In 224 BC, the Boii submitted to Roman hegemony, and the next year the Anari also submitted to the Romans.[29][30] In 223 BC,[29] the Romans engaged in another battle with the Gauls, this time the Insubres.[31] The Romans at first sustained significant losses against the Insubres while they were attempting to cross a ford near the junction of the Po and the Adda.[29] After encamping in this country for some days without taking any decisive action, the Roman consul on the spot decided to negotiate a settlement with the Insubres.[29] Under the terms of this freshly negotiated truce, the Romans marched out with full honours into the territory of their allies, the Cenomani.[29] However, once they were safe within the territory of the Cenomani, the Romans again marched their army into the territory of the Insubres and were victorious.[29][32]

text: In 222 BC, the Celts sent an embassy to the Roman Senate, pleading for peace. Seeing an opportunity for a triumph for themselves, the consuls (Marcus Claudius and Gnaeus Cornelius) vigorously rejected the embassy, and the Gauls prepared for war with the Romans. They hired 30,000 mercenaries from beyond the Alps and awaited the arrival of the Romans.[33] When the campaigning season began, the consular legions were marched into the Insubres territory again. A vigorous combat took place near Mediolanum, which resulted in the leaders of the Gallic revolt turning themselves over to the Romans.[33] With this victory, the Padane Gauls were unhappily subdued, and ripe for revolt.

text: Preparations[edit]

text: Hannibal, aware of the situation, sent a number of embassies to the Gallic tribes in the Po valley. In 220 BC, he had begun to communicate intimately with the Padane Gauls (called the "Padane Gauls" because the Po in this era was called the "Padus" by the Romans), and these embassies brought with them offers of money, food and guides to the Carthaginian.[34]

text: This mission had the specific aim of establishing a safe place for Hannibal to debouch from the Alps into the Po valley. Hannibal did not know a great deal about the Alps, but he knew enough to know that it was going to be a difficult march. He had had some scouts give him reports concerning this mountain chain, and he received reports of the difficulties to be encountered there from the Gauls themselves.[34] He did not desire to cross this rugged mountain chain and to descend into the Po valley with exhausted troops only to have to fight a battle.

text:
Hannibal

A marble bust, reputedly of Hannibal. Found in Capua

tag: table

text: Hannibal knew enough about the Alps to know in particular that the descent was steeper than the ascent into the Alps. This was one of the reasons he wanted to have allies into whose territory he could march. The Alps rose as a result of the pressure of the African plate as it moved north against the stable Eurasian landmass; the northward direction of this movement made the Italian side of the Alps considerably steeper.

text: The Romans had poorly treated those Gauls whom they had recently conquered, distributing their land to Roman colonists and taking other unscrupulous measures to ensure the fidelity of these freshly conquered tribes. The Insubres, whose tribal territory immediately abutted the Alps, and the Boii, farther down the Po, were particularly pleased with Hannibal's proposed invasion. In addition, much of the Iberian peninsula was populated by related Gallic tribes,[35] and those same Gauls were serving in Hannibal's army. It would be easy indeed to establish intimate relations with these disaffected tribes, especially once he had debouched from the Alps and was amongst them and the Insubres and Boii and other tribes could see and speak with this army for themselves. Polybius had this to say about Hannibal's plans:

text: Conducted his enterprise with consummate judgement; for he had accurately ascertained the excellent nature of the country in which he was to arrive, and the hostile disposition of its inhabitants towards the Romans; and he had for guides and conductors through the difficult passes which lay in the way of natives of the country, men who were to partake of the same hopes with himself[36]

text: Siege of Saguntum[edit]

text: These preparations being completed, Hannibal sought to induce the Saguntines to come to arms with him and thereby declare war on Rome through her proxy. He did not desire to break the peace himself,[37][38] and resorted to a variety of stratagems in order to induce the Saguntines to attack.[37] However, the Saguntines did nothing except send a diplomatic mission to the Romans to complain about the belligerence of the Carthaginians.[37][39] The Senate, in its turn, sent a committee to Iberia[39] to attempt to settle the issue diplomatically.[37] Hannibal openly scorned the Roman offer in the hopes that it would drive the commission to declare war. However, the commission was not fooled and knew that war was in the air.[37] The commission kept its peace, but brought news to Rome that Hannibal was prepared and was going to strike soon.[37][39] The Senate took a number of measures in order to free up its hands for the coming conflict with the Carthaginian. An Illyrian revolt was put down with energy, and the Romans sped up the construction of a number of fortresses in Cisalpine Gaul.[37] Demetrius of Pharos had abandoned his previous alliance with Rome and was now attacking Illyrian cities that had been incorporated into the Roman State.[40]

text: Hannibal could not achieve the ends that he had hoped for, and in the end he sent news to Carthage (where the peace party, his political enemies, were in power)[41] to the effect that the Saguntines were aggressively handling one of their subject tribes, the Torboletes,[37] and encamped in front of Saguntum to besiege it without awaiting any reply from Carthage. Words were exchanged in the Carthaginian Senate to the effect that Hannibal should be handed over to the Romans and his actions disavowed. However, the multitude in Carthage was too much in support of the conflict to order a stop to the war.[37]

text: The Siege took place over the course of eight months,[37] and it is notable that the Romans did not send any aid to the Saguntines in spite of this being a part of the terms of their alliance. The Romans allowed themselves to be tied up in a war against the Illyrians,[37] and did not treat the Carthaginian threat from Iberia with the attention that it deserved.

text: After the siege, Hannibal sold all the inhabitants as slaves, and distributed the proceeds from those sales to his soldiers. In addition, all the booty from the sacking of the city was taken back to Carthage and distributed to the populace, in order to rally their support to his cause. The rest of the city's treasures were put into his war chest for his planned expedition.[42]

text: March through the Pyrenees[edit]

text: Hannibal had spent the winter after the siege of Saguntum in Cartagana, during which time he dismissed his troops to their own localities. He did this with the hope of cultivating the best possible morale in his army for the upcoming campaign, which he knew was going to be difficult. He left his brother, Hasdrubal in charge of the administration of Carthaginian Iberia, as well as its defence against the Romans. In addition to this, he swapped the native troops of Iberia to Africa, and the native troops of Africa to Iberia.[43] This was done in order to minimize desertion and assure the loyalty of the troops while he was himself busy with the destruction of Rome. He also left his brother a number of ships.[44]

text: Hannibal foresaw problems if he left Catalonia as a bridgehead for the Romans. They had a number of allies in this country, and he could not allow the Romans a place to land in his base unopposed. As he was relying upon contingents of forces coming to him in Italy via the land route he was about to head out upon, he must take and conquer this country. He had no intention of leaving Iberia to its fate once he was in Italy. Hannibal opted to take the region in a swift campaign, and to that effect he divided his army into three columns, in order to subdue the entirety of the region at the same time.

text: After receiving news of the route he was about to take from his scouts and messages from the Celtic tribes that resided around the Alps, the Carthaginians set out. He departed with 90,000 heavy infantry from various African and Iberian nations, and 12,000 cavalry. From the Ebro to the Pyrenees the Carthaginians confronted four tribes, the Illergetes, the Bargusii, the Aeronosii and the Andosini. There were a number of cities here that Hannibal took, which Polybius does not specify. This campaign was conducted with speed in order to take as little time as possible in the reduction of this region. Polybius reports severe losses on Hannibal's part. Having reduced this area, he left his brother Hanno in command of this area, specifically over the Bargusii, whom he had reason to distrust due to their affiliation with the Romans. He left his brother in control of this country with 10,000 infantry and 1,000 cavalry.[45]

text: At this early juncture in the campaign, he opted to send home another 10,000 infantry and 1,000 cavalry. This was done to serve two purposes: he wanted to leave a force of men behind who would retain positive sentiments towards Hannibal himself; and he wanted the rest of the Iberians (in his army, as well as out) to believe that the chances of success in the expedition were good, and as a result of which they would be more inclined to join the contingents of reinforcements that he anticipated calling up during the course of his expedition.[45] The remaining force consisted of 50,000 infantry and 9,000 cavalry.[46]

text: The principal column was the right column, and with it was the treasure chest, the cavalry, with baggage, all the other necessities of war and Hannibal himself.[47] This was the critical column, and it was no coincidence that Hannibal was with this column. As long as Hannibal had no ships to keep himself abreast of the exact movements of the Romans, he wanted to be present in person in case the Romans should make a landing in an attempt to attack his army on its ascent or descent through the Pyrenees. This column crossed the Ebro at the town of Edeba,[48] and proceeded directly along the coast through Tarraco, Barcino, Gerunda, Emporiae and Illiberis.[47] Each of those oppidums was taken and garrisoned in turn.

text: The second, or central, column crossed the Ebro at the oppidum of Mora and from there information is fairly sparse.[48] It proceeded through a number of valleys in this country, and had orders to subdue any tribes that resisted its advance. It eventually rejoined the principal column when it had completed its task.

text: The third, or left, column crossed the Ebro where it touches with the Sicoris River and proceeded along the river valley and into the mountain countries. It performed the same task as the second and the first columns did. When planning each of these marches, Hannibal ensured that the Rubrucatus river was athwart each of the columns' paths, so if any of the columns should be placed in a disadvantageous situation the other columns could march up and down the river in support of each other should one be placed in a perilous position by the Barbarians.[47]

text: The campaign was conducted over the course of two months, and was incredibly costly. Over the course of the two-month campaign, Hannibal lost 13,000 men.

text: March to the Rhône[edit]

text: The most conspicuous detail concerning the march to the Rhône from the descent through the Pyrenees is that there is nothing at all conspicuous about it. This march must have been a pleasant change of pace for the Carthaginians, who had just spent the previous July and August subduing numerous fierce peoples living in the Pyrenees.[49][49] The history of Iberian peninsula is littered with numerous examples of the fierce resistance that native people of this area have put up against invading armies. The Peninsular War being just one example amongst many, the broken topography of this region affords resistance movements many advantages that they might not otherwise have in flatter, more even terrain. The countries through which he passed were of different opinions concerning the Carthaginians, the Romans and the passage of Hannibal's army through their land. Some of these tribes were friendly to his cause, others were opposed to him.[50] Hannibal's skill in dealing with these people is made manifest to us through his march in this country, no reports are made of any fighting taking place in this country, in spite of the lack of homogeneity in political leadership amongst the peoples of this area. He dealt with each tribe as he marched through their territory.[50] Employing only the means of persuasion at his disposal; his personal magnetism and his war chest.

text: Massilia (modern Marseille), a successful Greek trade emporium had for some time been under the influence of the Romans, and the Romans had even settled colonists there. Massilia feared the arriving Carthaginian army, and to this effect had sought to influence the native tribes on the left bank of the Rhone (The Eastern Bank) to take up the cause of the Romans.[51] This they were able to do, as the barbarians in this country were to make his crossing of the Rhone problematical.

text: Publius Scipio,[13][51] one of the consuls for 218 BC, received orders from the Senate to confront Hannibal in the theatre of the Ebro or the Pyrenees.[51][52][53] The Senate delegated to him 60 ships for this purpose.[54] However, he did not move with the speed that the issue required of him. When he arrived in the Po area, there was an uprising amongst the freshly conquered Gauls.[51][55] More colonies were being established in the Po region, and this caused the Boii and Insubres to arise afresh who were now aware that Hannibal was heading to them.[52] Instead of employing the legions that were on hand for their intended Iberian expedition, the Senate ordered that they should be sent to the Po under the command of a Praetor and new legions should be levied by the consul.[54][54][55] The formation of a new army was a fairly easy matter for the Romans. There were so many citizens who were qualified for service in the army that all the government had to do was inform the citizenry that more soldiers were needed and they would be required to serve. Many Romans, being required to serve at some point, spent portions of their youth training to serve in the legions.

text: Finally, having got these new legions together – in a much more leisurely fashion than the urgency of the situation demanded of him – he set sail from Ostia. In this day there were no compasses, and it was the habit of navigators to sail their ships along the coast and to stop at night for victuals.[56] So, after sailing north along the peninsula's coast (Italian) and then turning west towards the Iberian peninsula, the consul ordered the fleet to stop in Massilia.[54][57] The time from Ostia to Massilia was 5 days.[54] When he arrived there, to his surprise he learned from the Massiliots that instead of Hannibal still being in Catalonia, as he had anticipated,[57] Hannibal was about 4 days march[58] north of their city on the far side of the Rhone.

text: Crossing the Rhone[edit]

text: Much of Hannibal's marches are shrouded in debate, especially the debate concerning the path he opted to employ over the Alps. However, modern historians agree on where Hannibal encamped his army on the western bank on the Rhone and see the river crossing as clearly conceived and crisply executed.[citation needed]

text: While Rome had been idle and leaving her allies in Catalonia to their fate at the hands of the Carthaginians, the Massiliots, the Allies of the Romans, were busy rousing the tribes on the left (eastern) bank of the Rhone against the Carthaginians.[51] Upon the arrival of the intelligence of the Carthaginians in the neighbourhood of Massilia, the consul threw up his proposed Iberian expedition and in its stead thought to do the next logical thing, to prevent Hannibal's crossing of the Rhone as best he could.[57] To this effect he sent a column of 300 horse[58] up the left (east) bank of the Rhone with orders to ascertain the exact location of Hannibal's army.[57] Hannibal received similar news to the effect that the Romans had just arrived with one of their consular armies (22,000 foot and 2,000 horse).[59]

text: Hannibal took advantage of the pre-existing hatred the Celts had for the Romans on the right (west) bank, and persuaded them to aid him in his crossing of this formidable obstacle.[57][58] He secured from them a number of boats that were capable of making trips at sea, and a numerous collection of canoes of all sorts that must have been employed by the natives of that country.[57] In addition to purchasing these,[57] he was able to acquire their aid in building still other boats.[54][60] This process of preparing to cross the Rhone took two days.[60]

text: Awaiting the Carthaginian army on the left bank of the Rhone was a tribe of Gauls called the Cavares.[60] This tribe had fortified a camp on the far side of the river,[61] and was awaiting Hannibal's army to cross,[58] so as to attack them as they crossed.[61] There can be no doubt that Hannibal knew of Alexander the Great's crossing of the Hydaspes river in India as from a tactical and strategic standpoint, it is almost exactly the same. Hannibal formulated his plan according to this model (as indeed it is held up as a cookie cutter way to cross rivers, even to cadets at military institutions to this day) ordered one of his lieutenants; Hanno, Son of Bomilcar to make a northern circuit,[58][61][61] to cross the Rhone at a location that he deemed to be suitable for the purpose, and then by forced marches, march south and to take the Barbarian army in flank while he was crossing the river.[61]

text: The day and the night after all of the boats had been built and gathered,[61] Hanno was ordered up the bank and guided by native Gauls,[58][61] approximately 25 miles[58][61] upriver at Pont St. Esprit there was an island that divided the Rhone into two small streams.[61][58][61] It was here that Hanno decided to cross, and ordered that boats and rafts should be constructed from materials that were at hand.[62][63] The Carthaginian detachment chopped down trees, lashing the logs together with reliable ropes they had brought with them from the army's stores.[61][62] By this means, Hanno's corps crossed the river and immediately proceeded south to the barbarian location.

text: During this time, Hannibal had been completing his preparations to cross the Rhone.[63] At this, the Carthaginian preparations had been particularly obvious and loud – Hannibal had ordered the preparations to be made without concern for secrecy,[63][61] knowing full well that Hanno's corps was marching down the left (eastern) bank of the Rhone to attack the Cavares. His preparations were designed to draw their attention away from their northern flank and focus their attention on his own preparations.[63] Three days after setting out, Hanno arrived behind a tributary of the Rhone and gave the previously agreed upon signal to let Hannibal know that his force had arrived.[61][63] Hannibal immediately ordered the boats to cross.[61][62] The small corps was observing the principal army closely,[61] and on seeing it start its crossing, prepared to descend on the Cavares while the army was crossing.

text: The crossing itself was carefully designed to be as smooth as possible. Every detail was well thought out. The heavy horsemen were put across furthest upstream, and in the largest boats, so that the boats that Hannibal had less confidence in could be rowed to the left (eastern) bank in the lee of the larger and more sturdy craft.[62][63] As for the horses themselves, most of them were swum across the river at the side and stern of each boat.[62][63][61][62] However, some were put on boats fully saddled and ready for immediate use,[62] so that, once they debouched from the river, they could cover the infantry and the rest of the army while it formed up to attack the barbarians.[63]

text: Seeing that the Carthaginians were finally crossing, the Cavares rose from their entrenchments and prepared their army on the shore near the Carthaginian landing point.[62][64] The armies started to shout and jeer at each other while the Carthaginian army was in the midst of crossing.[65] These sort of exchanges consisted primarily of encouraging their own men and challenging the other army to battle. Often in antiquity, to intimidate their enemy, armies would be ordered to pound their shields with their weapons and raise loud cries at exactly the same moment to create the greatest amount of noise.

text: It was at precisely this moment, while the Carthaginian army was in the middle of the stream jeering at the enemy from the boats and the Cavares were challenging them to come on from the left bank,[62] that Hanno's corp revealed itself and charged down on the rear and flanks of the Cavares.[65][66] A small detachment of Hanno's force was assigned to set the Cavares camp on fire,[65][66] but the majority of this force reeled in on the stunned Cavares.[66] Some of the Cavares rushed to the defence of their camp,[65][66][67] but the majority remained at the location where they had been awaiting the arrival of what they had thought was all of Hannibal's army.[65][67] They were divided; and Hannibal, who was on one of the first boats, landed his men on the left bank of the Rhone amidst the dazed and confused Cavares and with a will led his men in upon them. There was barely even a semblance of resistance;[65] surrounded as they were, pandemonium took control of their ranks, and each man looked to his own safety as they retreated pell-mell away from the carefully arrayed Carthaginian phalanx.

text: While the actual conflict only took a matter of minutes, Hannibal had spent five days preparing this dangerous and risky operation from every angle, ensuring that it was ready at all points and as little as possible was left to chance.[67]

text: From the Rhone to the Alps[edit]

text: Hannibal needed to reach the Alps quickly in order to beat the onset of winter. He knew that if he waited until springtime on the far side of the mountains, the Romans would have time to raise another army. He had intelligence that the consular army was camped at the mouth of the Rhone. He sent 500 Numidian cavalry down the eastern bank of the river to acquire better information concerning the forces massed to oppose him. This force encountered 300 mounted Romans who had been sent up the river for the same purpose. The Numidians were defeated with 240 of their number killed in this exchange between scouting parties; in addition to 140 Roman losses. The Numidians were followed back to the Carthaginian camp, which was almost assembled excepting the elephants, which required more time getting across. Upon seeing Hannibal had not crossed with the whole of his force, the scouts raced back to the coast to alert the consul. Upon receiving this information, the consul dispatched his army up the river in boats, but arrived too late.[64]

text: In the face of winter and hostile tribes, the consul decided to return to Italy and await the arrival of Hannibal as he descended from the Alps. However, in accordance with the Senate's orders, the consul ordered his brother, Gnaeus Scipio to take a majority of the army to Spain.[64] The consul proposed attacking Hannibal's over-extended and vulnerable lines of communications and supply. Despite their established tactical system (formations and troop evolutions, etc.), the Romans were used to fighting by marching their troops to their enemies' army, forming their army up and attacking. They did not know how to force an enemy to battle by cutting off their communications, they were not aware of which flank was the strategic flank of an enemy in a battle. In addition, they were negligent about their order of march,[68] and early Roman history is littered with massacres of consular armies by other nations because of their lack of proper precaution against these evils.[69]

text: On getting the whole of his army on the left bank of the Rhone, Hannibal introduced his army to Magilus,[64] and some other less notable Gallic chiefs of the Po valley.[64][70] Hannibal's purpose was to inspire his men with confidence in the planned expedition by showing them Padane Gallic chieftains who offered them their aid. Speaking through an interpreter,[70] Magilus spoke of the support that the recently conquered Padane Gauls had for the Carthaginians and their mission of destroying Rome. Hannibal then addressed the officers himself. The troops' enthusiasm was uplifted by Hannibal's inspiring address.[64]

text: Upon crossing the river, Hannibal ordered his infantry to start their march the day after the assembly, followed by the supply train.[71] Not knowing that the Romans were eventually going to set out for Italy, when his cavalry had crossed the river he ordered them to curtain his march on his southern flank, towards the sea.[64] His cavalry would have formed a screen which would have been employed to protect him from the Romans were they to advance upon him from that direction. The cavalry would skirmish with the Roman scouts, while giving the rest of the army time to form up. This contingency did not occur. Hannibal was in the rearguard with the elephants.[71] This was the direction that he assumed that the Romans would be most likely to advance from (that is from the west) as he had some idea that they were behind him. The rearguard was well manned to ensure that it could skirmish with the Roman army while the main body of his infantry and cavalry could form up for battle against the Romans if they should attack from that quarter. This contingency, however, also did not occur.

text: While assuming this order of march, Hannibal marched towards the Insula.[71] He had ordered his infantry to get a head start, and it marched to the Isere in six days, marching 12.5 miles per day. The cavalry and rear guard only took four days, a march of 19 miles per day. In this period, the body as a whole had marched 75 miles.[72]

text: When Hannibal's army made contact with the Insula, he arrived in a Gallic chiefdom that was in the midst of a civil conflict.[73] For whatever reason, Hannibal chose the cause of the elder of the two combatants, Brancus.[72] After putting away the cause of the younger and less popularly supported one,[72] he formed an alliance with Brancus. From this tribe he received supplies that were required for the expedition across the Alps. In addition, he received Brancus' diplomatic protection. Up until the Alps proper, he did not have to fend off any tribes.

text: Ascent of the Alps[edit]

text: Hannibal marched in the direction of Mt. Du Chat towards the village of Aquste[74] and from there to Chevelu,[75] to the pass by Mt. Du Chat. There he found that the passes were fortified by the Allobroges. He sent out spies to ascertain if there was any weakness in their disposition. These spies found that the barbarians only maintained their position at the camp during the day, and left their fortified position at night. In order to make the Allobroges believe that he did not deem a night assault prudent, he ordered that as many camp-fires be lit as possible, in order to induce them into believing that he was settling down before their encampment along the mountains. However, once they left their fortifications, he led his best troops up to their fortifications and seized control of the pass.[76]

text: Hiding his men in the mountain brush on a cliff that arose immediately above and to the right off Hannibal's route of march, about 100 feet or so above the path, Hannibal stationed his slingers and archers there. This overhang was an excellent place from which to attack an enemy while it was marching in column through the pass.[77] The descent from this pass was steep, and the Carthaginians were having a hard time marching down this side of the pass,[77] especially the baggage animals.[76] The Barbarians, seeing this, attacked anyway, in spite of their disadvantageous position. More baggage animals were lost in the confusion of the Barbarian attack, and they rolled off of the precipices to their deaths.[77] This put Hannibal in a difficult situation. However, Hannibal, at the head of the same elite corps that he led to take the overhang, led them against these determined barbarians. Virtually all of these barbarians died in the ensuing combat, as they were fighting with their backs to a steep precipice, trying to throw their arrows and darts uphill at the advancing Carthaginians.[76] After this contest of arms, the baggage was held together in good order and the Carthaginian army followed the road down to the plain that begins roughly at modern Bourget.[78]

text: This plain was 4–6 miles wide at most places, and was almost entirely stripped of defenders since they were all stationed at the Mt. Du Chat pass. Hannibal marched his army to modern Chambery and took their city easily, stripping it of all its horses, captives, beasts of burden and corn. In addition, there were enough supplies for three days' rations for the army. This must have been welcome considering that no small portion of their supplies had been lost when the pack animals had fallen over the precipice in the course of the previous action. He then ordered this town to be destroyed, in order to demonstrate to the Barbarians of this country what would happen if they opposed him in the same fashion as this tribe had.[78]

text: He encamped there to give his men time to rest after their exhausting work, and to collect further rations. Hannibal then addressed his army, and we are informed that they were made to appreciate the extent of the effort they were about to undergo and were raised to good spirits in spite of the difficult nature of their undertaking.[79]

text: The Carthaginians continued their march and at modern Albertville they encountered the Centrones, who brought gifts and cattle for the troops. In addition, they brought hostages in order to convince Hannibal of their commitment to his cause.[79] Hannibal was concerned and suspicious of the Centrones, though he hid this from them[79] and the Centrones guided his army for two days.[80] As they marched through the Little St Bernard Pass near the village of Séez, the pass narrowed and the Centrones turned against the Carthaginians. Some military critics, notably Napoleon,[81] challenge that this was actually the place where the ambush took place, but the valley through which the Carthaginians were marching was the only one that could sustain a population that was capable of attacking the Carthaginian army and simultaneously sustaining the Carthaginians on their march.[81]

text: The Centrones waited to attack, first allowing half of the army to move through the pass.[82] This was meant to divide Hannibal's troops and supplies and make it difficult for his army to organize a counter-attack, but Hannibal, having anticipated deceit by the Centrones, had arranged his army with elephants, cavalry and baggage in front, while his hoplites followed in the rear. Centrones forces had positioned themselves on the slopes parallel to Hannibal's army used this higher ground to roll boulders and rain rocks down at the Carthaginian army, killing many more pack animals. Confusion reigned in the ranks caught in the pass. However, Hannibal's heavily armed rearguard held back from entering the pass,[82] forcing the Barbarians to descend to fight. The rearguard was thus able to hold off the attackers, before Hannibal and the half of his army not separated from him were forced to spend the night near a large white rock, which Polybius writes "afforded them protection"[83] and is described by William Brockedon, who investigated Hannibal's route through the Alps, as being a "vast mass of gypsum...as a military position, its occupation secures the defence of the pass."[84] By morning, the Centrones were no longer in the area.

text: The army rested here for two days. It was the end of October and snowy weather, the length of the campaign, ferocity of the fighting, and the loss of animals sapped morale in the army's ranks;[85] From their outset in Iberia, the Hannibal's troops had been marching for over five months and the army had greatly reduced in size. The majority of Hannibal's fighters were unaccustomed to extreme cold of the high Alps, being mostly from Africa and Iberia.[86] According to Polybius,[87] Hannibal assembled his men, declared to them that the end of their campaign was drawing near; that soon they would be in the Po Valley. In this account he is said to have gestured to the view Italy, showing his soldiers the Po Valley and the plains near it, and to have reminded them of Magilus, who had assured him of Gallic friendship and aid.[85] He then gestured in the direction of Rome, raising spirits in the ranks. However, the Po Valley is not visible from Little St Bernard Pass [88] and it is more likely that Hannibal pointed in the direction of the Po Valley but it was not in sight. After the two days of rest, Hannibal ordered the descent from the Alps to begin.

text: Descent to Italy[edit]

text: The snow on the Southern side of the Alps melts and thaws to a greater or lesser extent during the course of the day, and then refreezes at night.[86] In addition, the Italian side of the Alps is much steeper;[86] many men lost their footing down this side of the Alps and died.

text: At an early point in their descent, the army came upon a section of the path that had been blocked by a landslide. This section of the path was broken for about 300 yards.[89] Hannibal attempted to detour, by marching through a place where there was a great deal of snow – the Alps are so high at this point that the snow from previous years does not even melt. They made some headway, at the cost of no small portion of the baggage animals that were left, before Hannibal came to appreciate that this route was impossible for an army. Hannibal marched his men back to the point in their path prior to their detour, near the broken stretch of the path and set up camp.[90]

text: From here, Hannibal ordered his men to set about fixing the mule path. Working in relays, the army set about this labour-intensive task under the eyes of Hannibal, who was constantly encouraging them. Both the sick and the healthy were put to this. The next day the road was in sufficient condition to permit the cavalry and pack animals to cross the broken stretch of road;[90] Hannibal ordered that these should instantly race down below the foliage line (2 miles below the summit of the Alps)[91] and should be allowed access to the pastures there.[90]

text: However, Hannibal's remaining elephants, which were completely famished, were still unable to proceed along the path. Hannibal's Numidian cavalry carried on working on the road, taking three more days to fix it sufficiently to allow the elephants to cross.[90] Getting these creatures across this stretch of road, Hannibal raced ahead of the rearguard to the part of the army that was below the pasture line.[92] It took the army three days to march from this place into "the plains which are near the Po" according to Polybius. Hannibal then focused on, according to Polybius, "[the] best means of reviving the spirits of his troops and restoring the men and horses to their former vigour and condition"[91] Hannibal ordered his men to encamp, at a point which is near modern Ivrea.[93]


document_title: List of Billboard Hot 100 chart achievements and milestones

question_text: who has the most billboard number 1 hits

question_tokens: who has the most billboard number 1 hits

text: List of Billboard Hot 100 chart achievements and milestones

text: All-Time Hot 100 achievements (1958–2018)

text: In 2008, for the 50th anniversary of the Hot 100, Billboard magazine compiled a ranking of the 100 best-performing songs on the chart over the 50 years, along with the best-performing artists.[1][2] In 2013, Billboard revised the rankings for the chart's 55th anniversary edition.[3] In 2015, Billboard revised the rankings again.[4] In 2018, the rankings were revised again for the Billboard chart's 60th anniversary.[5] Shown below are the top 10 songs and top 10 artists over the 57-year period of the Hot 100, through July 2018. Also shown are the artists placing the most songs on the overall "all-time" top 100 song list.

text: Top 10 songs of All-Time (1958–2018)

text:
Rank

Single

Year(s) released

Artist(s)

Peak and duration

1.

"The Twist"

1960, 1961*

Chubby Checker

#1 for 3 weeks

2.

"Smooth"

1999

Santana featuring Rob Thomas

#1 for 12 weeks

3.

"Mack the Knife"

1959

Bobby Darin

#1 for 9 weeks

4.

"Uptown Funk"

2015

Mark Ronson featuring Bruno Mars

#1 for 14 weeks

5.

"How Do I Live"

1997

LeAnn Rimes

#2 for 4 weeks

6.

"Party Rock Anthem"

2011

LMFAO featuring Lauren Bennett & GoonRock

#1 for 6 weeks

7.

"I Gotta Feeling"

2009

The Black Eyed Peas

#1 for 14 weeks

8.

"Macarena (Bayside Boys mix)"

1996

Los Del Rio

#1 for 14 weeks

9.

"Shape of You"

2017

Ed Sheeran

#1 for 12 weeks

10.

"Physical"

1981

Olivia Newton-John

#1 for 10 weeks

text:
* – re-released
Source:[6]

text: Top 10 Hot 100 artists of All-Time (1958–2018)

text:
Rank

Artist

1.

The Beatles

2.

Madonna

3.

Elton John

4.

Elvis Presley

5.

Mariah Carey

6.

Stevie Wonder

7.

Janet Jackson

8.

Michael Jackson

9.

Whitney Houston

10.

Rihanna

text: Artists with the most songs on Billboard's Top 100 Hits of All-Time (1958–2018)

text:
Number of  songs

Artist

Songs (ranking)

3

Lionel Richie

"Endless Love" (18), "Say You, Say Me" (94), "All Night Long" (96)

Boyz II Men

"I'll Make Love to You" (22), "One Sweet Day" (38), "End of the Road" (55)

Bee Gees

"How Deep Is Your Love" (25), "Night Fever" (42), "Stayin' Alive" (59)

Paul McCartney

"Silly Love Songs" (40), "Say Say Say" (44), "Ebony and Ivory" (76)

2

Bruno Mars

"Uptown Funk" (4), "Just the Way You Are" (82)

The Black Eyed Peas

"I Gotta Feeling" (7), "Boom Boom Pow" (56)

Ed Sheeran

"Shape of You" (9), "Perfect" (91)

The Beatles

"Hey Jude" (12), "I Want to Hold Your Hand" (48)

Mariah Carey

"We Belong Together" (14), "One Sweet Day" (38)

Diana Ross

"Endless Love" (18), "Upside Down" (80)

Andy Gibb

"I Just Want to Be Your Everything" (29), "Shadow Dancing" (49)

Marvin Gaye

"Let's Get It On" (41), "I Heard It Through the Grapevine" (84)

Michael Jackson

"Say Say Say" (44), "Billie Jean" (86)

Pharrell Williams

"Blurred Lines" (51), "Happy" (79)

Elton John

"Candle In the Wind 1997" (52), "That's What Friends Are For" (78)

Stevie Wonder

"Ebony and Ivory" (76), "That's What Friends Are For" (78)

text: Song milestones

text: Most weeks at number one on the Billboard Hot 100

text:
Number of  weeks

Artist(s)

Song

Year(s)

16

Mariah Carey and Boyz II Men

"One Sweet Day"

1995–96

Luis Fonsi and Daddy Yankee featuring Justin Bieber

"Despacito"

2017

14

Whitney Houston

"I Will Always Love You"

1992–93

Boyz II Men

"I'll Make Love to You"

1994

Los del Río

"Macarena" (Bayside Boys mix)

1996

Elton John

"Candle in the Wind 1997" /  "Something About the Way You Look Tonight"

1997

Mariah Carey

"We Belong Together"

2005

The Black Eyed Peas

"I Gotta Feeling"

2009

Mark Ronson featuring Bruno Mars

"Uptown Funk"

2015

13

Boyz II Men

"End of the Road"

1992

Brandy and Monica

"The Boy Is Mine"

1998

12

Santana featuring Rob Thomas

"Smooth"

1999–2000

Eminem

"Lose Yourself"

2002–03

Usher featuring Lil Jon and Ludacris

"Yeah!"

2004

The Black Eyed Peas

"Boom Boom Pow"

2009

Robin Thicke featuring T.I. and Pharrell

"Blurred Lines"

2013

Wiz Khalifa featuring Charlie Puth

"See You Again"

2015

The Chainsmokers featuring Halsey

"Closer"

2016

Ed Sheeran

"Shape of You"

2017

11

All-4-One

"I Swear"

1994

Toni Braxton

"Un-Break My Heart"

1996–97

Puff Daddy and Faith Evans featuring 112

"I'll Be Missing You"

1997

Destiny's Child

"Independent Women Part I"

2000–01

Drake

"God's Plan"

2018

10

Debby Boone

"You Light Up My Life"

1977

Olivia Newton-John

"Physical"

1981–82

Santana featuring The Product G&B

"Maria Maria"

2000

Ashanti

"Foolish"

2002

Nelly featuring Kelly Rowland

"Dilemma"

Kanye West featuring Jamie Foxx

"Gold Digger"

2005

Beyoncé

"Irreplaceable"

2006–07

Flo Rida featuring T-Pain

"Low"

2008

Rihanna featuring Calvin Harris

"We Found Love"

2011–12

Pharrell Williams

"Happy"

2014

Adele

"Hello"

2015–16

Drake featuring Wizkid and Kyla

"One Dance"

2016

text: Pre-Hot 100 Notes:

text:
In 1956, Elvis Presley's "Hound Dog" / "Don't Be Cruel" was number 1 on the "Best Sellers in Stores" and "Most Played in Jukeboxes" charts for 11 weeks.
In 1955, The McGuire Sisters' "Sincerely" was number 1 on the "Most Played by Jockeys" chart for 10 weeks.
In 1955, Pérez Prado's "Cherry Pink and Apple Blossom White" was number 1 on the "Best Sellers in Stores" chart for 10 weeks.

tag: ul

text: Most weeks at number two (without hitting number one)

text:
Number of  weeks

Artist(s)

Song

Year(s)

Kept off of number-one by

10

Foreigner

"Waiting for a Girl Like You"

1981–82

"Physical" (Olivia Newton-John), "I Can't Go for That (No Can Do)" (Hall & Oates) [9]

Missy Elliott

"Work It"

2002–03

"Lose Yourself" (Eminem) [10]

9

Donna Lewis

"I Love You Always Forever"

1996

"Macarena (Bayside Boys Remix)" (Los del Río) [11]

Shania Twain

"You're Still the One"

1998

"Too Close" (Next),[12] "The Boy Is Mine" (Brandy and Monica) [10]

8

Shai

"If I Ever Fall in Love"

1992–93

"I Will Always Love You" (Whitney Houston)

Deborah Cox

"Nobody's Supposed to Be Here"

1998–99

"I'm Your Angel" (R. Kelly featuring Celine Dion), "Have You Ever?" (Brandy)

Brian McKnight

"Back at One"

1999–2000

"Smooth" (Santana featuring Rob Thomas) [10]

Mario Winans featuring Enya and P. Diddy

"I Don't Wanna Know"

2004

"Yeah!" (Usher featuring Lil Jon and Ludacris), "Burn" (Usher)

Ed Sheeran

"Thinking Out Loud"

2015

"Uptown Funk!" (Mark Ronson featuring Bruno Mars) [10]

text: Most total weeks in the top ten

text: The following songs have spent 26 or more weeks in the top ten.

text:
Number of  weeks

Artist(s)

Song

Year(s)

Source

33

Ed Sheeran

"Shape of You"

2017

[14]

32

LeAnn Rimes

"How Do I Live"

1997–98

[14]

The Chainsmokers featuring Halsey

"Closer"

2016–17

[14]

31

Mark Ronson featuring Bruno Mars

"Uptown Funk"

2014–15

[14]

30

Santana featuring Rob Thomas

"Smooth"

1999–2000

[14]

29

LMFAO featuring Lauren Bennett and GoonRock

"Party Rock Anthem"

2011–12

[14]

28

Jewel

"Foolish Games" / "You Were Meant for Me"

1997–98

[14]

Bruno Mars

"That's What I Like"

2017

[14]

27

Ed Sheeran

"Perfect"

2017–18

[15]

26

Savage Garden

"Truly Madly Deeply"

1997–98

[14]

Drake

"God's Plan"

2018

[16]

text: Most total weeks on the Hot 100

text:
87 weeks – Imagine Dragons – "Radioactive" (2014)
79 weeks – Awolnation – "Sail" (2014)
76 weeks – Jason Mraz – "I'm Yours" (2009)
69 weeks – LeAnn Rimes – "How Do I Live" (1998)
68 weeks – LMFAO featuring Lauren Bennett and GoonRock – "Party Rock Anthem" (2012), OneRepublic – "Counting Stars" (2014)
65 weeks – Jewel – "Foolish Games" / "You Were Meant for Me" (1998), Adele – "Rolling in the Deep" (2012)
64 weeks – Carrie Underwood – "Before He Cheats" (2007)
62 weeks – Lifehouse – "You and Me" (2006), The Lumineers – "Ho Hey" (2013)

text: Note: The year displayed is the year the songs ended their respective chart runs.

text: Source: [17]

text: Number-one debuts

text:
Michael Jackson – "You Are Not Alone" (September 2, 1995)
Mariah Carey – "Fantasy" (September 30, 1995)
Whitney Houston – "Exhale (Shoop Shoop)" (November 25, 1995)
Mariah Carey and Boyz II Men – "One Sweet Day" (December 2, 1995)
Puff Daddy and Faith Evans featuring 112 – "I'll Be Missing You" (June 14, 1997)
Mariah Carey – "Honey" (September 13, 1997)
Elton John – "Candle in the Wind 1997" / "Something About the Way You Look Tonight" (October 11, 1997)
Celine Dion – "My Heart Will Go On" (February 28, 1998)
Aerosmith – "I Don't Want to Miss a Thing" (September 5, 1998)
Lauryn Hill – "Doo Wop (That Thing)" (November 14, 1998)
Clay Aiken – "This Is the Night" (June 28, 2003)
Fantasia Barrino – "I Believe" (July 10, 2004)
Carrie Underwood – "Inside Your Heaven" (July 2, 2005)
Taylor Hicks – "Do I Make You Proud" (July 1, 2006)
Britney Spears – "3" (October 24, 2009)
Eminem – "Not Afraid" (May 22, 2010)
Kesha – "We R Who We R" (November 13, 2010)
Britney Spears – "Hold It Against Me" (January 29, 2011)
Lady Gaga – "Born This Way" (February 26, 2011)
Katy Perry – "Part of Me" (March 3, 2012)
Baauer – "Harlem Shake" (March 2, 2013)
Taylor Swift – "Shake It Off" (September 6, 2014)
Justin Bieber – "What Do You Mean?" (September 19, 2015)
Adele – "Hello" (November 14, 2015)
Zayn Malik – "Pillowtalk" (February 20, 2016)
Justin Timberlake – "Can't Stop the Feeling!" (May 28, 2016)
Ed Sheeran – "Shape of You" (January 28, 2017)
DJ Khaled featuring Justin Bieber, Quavo, Chance the Rapper and Lil Wayne – "I'm the One" (May 20, 2017)
Drake – "God's Plan" (February 3, 2018)
Drake – "Nice for What" (April 21, 2018)
Childish Gambino – "This Is America" (May 19, 2018)

text: Since 2009, at least one song debuted at number one per year. In 1995, four songs debuted at number one (a record amount).

text: Biggest jump to number one

text:
97–1 – Kelly Clarkson – "My Life Would Suck Without You" (February 7, 2009)[19]
96–1 – Britney Spears – "Womanizer" (October 25, 2008)[20]
80–1 – T.I. featuring Rihanna – "Live Your Life" (October 18, 2008)[21]
78–1 – Eminem, Dr. Dre and 50 Cent – "Crack a Bottle" (February 21, 2009)[22]
77–1 – Taylor Swift – "Look What You Made Me Do" (September 16, 2017)[23]
72–1 – Taylor Swift – "We Are Never Ever Getting Back Together" (September 1, 2012)[24]
71–1 – T.I. – "Whatever You Like" (September 6, 2008)[25]
64–1 – Maroon 5 – "Makes Me Wonder" (May 12, 2007)
60–1 – Rihanna featuring Drake – "What's My Name?" (November 20, 2010)[26]
58–1 – Flo Rida – "Right Round" (February 28, 2009)[27]

text: Biggest single-week upward movements

text:
97–1 (96 positions) – Kelly Clarkson – "My Life Would Suck Without You" (February 7, 2009)[28]
96–1 (95 positions) – Britney Spears – "Womanizer" (October 25, 2008)[29]
94–3 (91 positions) – Beyoncé and Shakira – "Beautiful Liar" (April 7, 2007)[30]
94–4 (90 positions) – Maroon 5 featuring Cardi B – "Girls Like You" (June 16, 2018)[31]
95–7 (88 positions) – Akon featuring Eminem – "Smack That" (October 14, 2006)[32]
97–9 (88 positions) – Drake featuring Nicki Minaj – "Make Me Proud" (November 5, 2011)[33]
96–11 (85 positions) – Carrie Underwood – "Cowboy Casanova" (October 10, 2009)[34]
100–15 (85 positions) – A. R. Rahman and Pussycat Dolls featuring Nicole Scherzinger – "Jai Ho! (You Are My Destiny)" (March 14, 2009)[35]
85–2 (83 positions) – Katy Perry – "Roar" (August 31, 2013)[36]
86–4 (82 positions) – Vanessa Hudgens and Zac Efron – "Breaking Free" (February 11, 2006)[37]
92–10 (82 positions) – Nicki Minaj – "Chun-Li" (April 28, 2018)[38]

text: Longest climbs to number one

text:
33rd week – Los del Río – "Macarena (Bayside Boys Mix)" (1995–96)[40]
31st week – Lonestar – "Amazed" (1999–2000)
30th week – John Legend – "All of Me" (2013–14)[41]
27th week – Creed – "With Arms Wide Open" (2000)
26th week – Vertical Horizon – "Everything You Want" (2000)
25th week – UB40 – "Red Red Wine" (1988)
23rd week – Patti Austin and James Ingram – "Baby, Come to Me" (1983), Sia featuring Sean Paul – "Cheap Thrills" (2016), Camila Cabello featuring Young Thug – "Havana" (2017–18)
22nd week – Vangelis – "Chariots of Fire" (1982), Lady Gaga featuring Colby O'Donis – "Just Dance" (2008–09)
21st week – Nick Gilder – "Hot Child in the City" (1978), Robert John – "Sad Eyes" (1979), Outkast – "The Way You Move" (2003–04), Adele – "Set Fire to the Rain" (2011–12)

text: Biggest drop from number one

text:
1–15 – Billy Preston – "Nothing from Nothing" (October 26, 1974)
1–15 – Dionne Warwicke and The Spinners – "Then Came You" (November 2, 1974)
1–12 – Simon & Garfunkel – "The Sound of Silence" (January 29, 1966)
1–12 – Barry White – "Can't Get Enough of Your Love, Babe" (September 28, 1974)
1–12 – Andy Kim – "Rock Me Gently" (October 5, 1974)
1–12 – Stevie Wonder – "You Haven't Done Nothin'" (November 9, 1974)
1–12 – Bachman–Turner Overdrive – "You Ain't Seen Nothing Yet" (November 16, 1974)
1–12 – John Lennon and Plastic Ono Band – "Whatever Gets You thru the Night" (November 23, 1974)
1–11 – Diana Ross – "Theme from Mahogany (Do You Know Where You're Going To)" (January 31, 1976)
1–10 – Phil Collins – "Two Hearts" (February 4, 1989)

text: Biggest single-week downward movements

text:
17–96 (79 positions) – Javier Colon – "Stitch by Stitch" (July 23, 2011)[43]
21–99 (78 positions) – Jordan Smith – "Somebody to Love" (January 2, 2016)[44]
16–93 (77 positions) – 5 Seconds of Summer – "Amnesia" (July 26, 2014)[45]
17–92 (75 positions) – Justin Bieber – "Die in Your Arms" (June 23, 2012)[46]
23–96 (73 positions) – Colbie Caillat – "I Do" (March 5, 2011)[47]
21–94 (73 positions) – Justin Bieber – "Never Let You Go" (March 27, 2010)[48]
21–94 (73 positions) – Glee Cast – "Empire State of Mind" (October 16, 2010)[49]
16–89 (73 positions) – Jonas Brothers – "Pushin' Me Away" (August 9, 2008)[50]
13–86 (73 positions) – Justin Timberlake and Matt Morris featuring Charlie Sexton – "Hallelujah" (February 20, 2010)[51]
20–92 (72 positions) – The Beatles – "The Beatles Movie Medley" (June 5, 1982)[52]

text: Biggest drops off the Hot 100

text:
From #4 – Prince and The Revolution – "Purple Rain"† (May 21, 2016)
From #8 – Prince – "When Doves Cry"† (May 21, 2016)
From #9 – Soko – "We Might Be Dead by Tomorrow" (April 5, 2014)[54]
From #11 – Jonas Brothers – "A Little Bit Longer" (August 30, 2008),[54][55] Taylor Swift – "Mean" (November 13, 2010),[56] One Direction – "Diana" (December 14, 2013),[57] Mariah Carey – "All I Want for Christmas is You" (January 16, 2016)††[58]
From #12 – Taylor Swift – "You Belong with Me"* (November 29, 2008),[59] Lady Gaga – "Hair" (June 11, 2011),[60] One Direction – "Midnight Memories" (December 14, 2013)[57]

text: † – "Purple Rain" and "When Doves Cry" reappeared on the Hot 100 for two weeks in 2016, and the above reflects their re-entries only. When the songs originally charted in 1984, their chart positions in their final week on the Hot 100 were well below the top 10.

text: †† – A recurring holiday song charting during the Christmas season.

text: * – "You Belong with Me" later re-entered the Hot 100 as a single in 2009 to reach a peak of #2. The recurring song's final week on the Hot 100 was in 2010, when it was low as possible on the chart.

text: Number-one songs covered by different artists

text:
"Go Away Little Girl" – Steve Lawrence (1963) and Donny Osmond (1971)
"The Loco-Motion" – Little Eva (1962) and Grand Funk (1974)
"Please Mr. Postman" – The Marvelettes (1961) and The Carpenters (1975)
"Venus" – Shocking Blue (1970) and Bananarama (1986)
"Lean on Me" – Bill Withers (1972) and Club Nouveau (1987)
"You Keep Me Hangin' On" – The Supremes (1966) and Kim Wilde (1987)
"When a Man Loves a Woman" – Percy Sledge (1966) and Michael Bolton (1991)
"I'll Be There" – The Jackson 5 (1970) and Mariah Carey (1992)
"Lady Marmalade" – Labelle (1975) and Christina Aguilera / Lil' Kim / Mýa / Pink (2001)

text: Non-English language number-ones

text:
"Nel Blu Dipinto Di Blu (Volare)" – Domenico Modugno (Italian – August 18, 1958 for five non-consecutive weeks)
"Sukiyaki" – Kyu Sakamoto (Japanese – June 15, 1963 for three weeks)
"Dominique" – The Singing Nun (French – December 7, 1963 for four weeks)
"Rock Me Amadeus" – Falco (English/German – March 29, 1986 for three weeks)
"La Bamba" – Los Lobos (Spanish – August 29, 1987 for three weeks)
"Macarena (Bayside Boys Mix)" – Los del Río (English/Spanish – August 3, 1996 for fourteen weeks)
"Despacito" – Luis Fonsi and Daddy Yankee featuring Justin Bieber (English/Spanish – May 27, 2017 for sixteen weeks)
"I Like It" – Cardi B, Bad Bunny and J Balvin (English/Spanish – July 7, 2018 for one week)

text: Instrumental number-ones

text:
"The Happy Organ" – Dave "Baby" Cortez (May 11, 1959 for one week)
"Sleep Walk" – Santo & Johnny (September 21, 1959 for two weeks)
"Theme from A Summer Place" – Percy Faith (February 22, 1960 for nine weeks)
"Wonderland by Night" – Bert Kaempfert (January 9, 1961 for three weeks)
"Calcutta" – Lawrence Welk (February 13, 1961 for two weeks)
"Stranger on the Shore" – Mr. Acker Bilk (May 26, 1962 for one week)
"The Stripper" – David Rose (July 7, 1962 for one week)
"Telstar" – The Tornados (December 22, 1962 for three weeks)
"Love Is Blue" – Paul Mauriat (February 10, 1968 for five weeks)
"Grazing in the Grass" – Hugh Masekela (July 20, 1968 for two weeks)
"Love Theme from Romeo and Juliet" – Henry Mancini (June 28, 1969 for two weeks)
"Frankenstein" – The Edgar Winter Group (May 26, 1973 for one week)
"Love's Theme" – Love Unlimited Orchestra (February 9, 1974 for one week)
"TSOP (The Sound of Philadelphia)" – MFSB and The Three Degrees † (April 20, 1974 for two weeks)
"Pick Up the Pieces" – Average White Band † (February 22, 1975 for one week)
"The Hustle" – Van McCoy and the Soul City Symphony † (July 26, 1975 for one week)
"Fly, Robin, Fly" – Silver Convention † (November 29, 1975 for three weeks)
"Theme from S.W.A.T." – Rhythm Heritage (February 28, 1976 for one week)
"A Fifth of Beethoven" – Walter Murphy and the Big Apple Band (October 9, 1976 for one week)
"Gonna Fly Now" – Bill Conti † (July 2, 1977 for one week)
"Star Wars Theme/Cantina Band" – Meco (October 1, 1977 for two weeks)
"Rise" – Herb Alpert (October 20, 1979 for two weeks)
"Chariots of Fire" – Vangelis (May 8, 1982 for one week)
"Miami Vice Theme" – Jan Hammer (November 9, 1985 for one week)
"Harlem Shake" – Baauer † (March 2, 2013 for five weeks)

text: † – Contains vocal part, but is considered an instrumental. See Instrumental#Borderline cases for more.

text: Artist achievements

text: Most number-one singles

text:
Number of singles

Artist

Biggest number-one†

20

The Beatles

"Hey Jude"[6]

18

Elvis Presley ‡

"Don't Be Cruel" / "Hound Dog"[64][65]

Mariah Carey

"We Belong Together"[6]

14

Rihanna

"We Found Love"[6]

13

Michael Jackson

"Say Say Say" (duet with Paul McCartney)[6]

12

The Supremes

"Love Child"[66]

Madonna

"Like a Virgin"[67]

11

Whitney Houston

"I Will Always Love You"[6]

10

Stevie Wonder

"Ebony and Ivory" (duet with Paul McCartney)[6]

Janet Jackson

"Miss You Much"[68]

text: † The biggest number-one listed by each artist reflects its overall performance on the Hot 100, as calculated by Billboard, and may not necessarily be the single which spent the most weeks at #1 for the artist, such as Madonna's "Like a Virgin" (six weeks at #1, compared to seven for "Take a Bow"), Mariah Carey's "We Belong Together" (fourteen weeks at #1, compared to sixteen for her duet with Boyz II Men, "One Sweet Day") and Michael Jackson's duet with Paul McCartney, "Say Say Say" (six weeks at #1, compared to seven for both his solo singles "Billie Jean" and "Black or White").

text: ‡ Pre-Hot 100 charts and Hot 100.

text: Billboard now credits the dual #1 Presley single "Don't Be Cruel"/"Hound Dog" as a single chart entity, and credits Presley with 17 number one singles.[69] "Don't Be Cruel"/"Hound Dog" spent 11 weeks at #1, "Hound Dog" for 6 weeks, "Don't Be Cruel" for 5 weeks. Many chart statisticians however, such as Joel Whitburn, still list Presley as having 18 number ones.

text:
Source:[70][71]
[72][73]

text: Most cumulative weeks at number one

text:
Weeks at  number one

Artist

Source

79

Elvis Presley †

[69]

Mariah Carey

[74]

60

Rihanna

[74]

59

The Beatles

[74]

50

Boyz II Men

[74]

47

Usher

[74]

43

Drake

[75]

42

Beyoncé

[74]

37

Michael Jackson

[74]

34

Elton John

[74]

text: Most consecutive number-one singles

text:
Number of singles

Artist

First hit and date

Final hit and date

Streak-breaking song

7

Whitney Houston

"Saving All My Love for You" (October 26, 1985)

"Where Do Broken Hearts Go" (April 23, 1988)

"Love Will Save the Day" (#9 – August 27, 1988)

6

The Beatles

"I Feel Fine" (December 26, 1964)

"We Can Work It Out" (January 8, 1966)

"Nowhere Man" (#3 – March 26, 1966)

Bee Gees

"How Deep Is Your Love" (December 24, 1977)

"Love You Inside Out" (June 9, 1979)

"He's A Liar" (#30 – October 24, 1981)

5

Elvis Presley

"A Big Hunk o' Love" (August 10, 1959)

"Surrender" (March 20, 1961)

"I Feel So Bad" (#5 – May 1961)

The Supremes

"Where Did Our Love Go" (August 22, 1964)

"Back in My Arms Again" (June 12, 1965)

"Nothing but Heartaches" (#11 – September 4, 1965)

Michael Jackson

"I Just Can't Stop Loving You"  (with Siedah Garrett) (September 19, 1987)

"Dirty Diana" (July 2, 1988)

"Another Part of Me" (#11 – September 10, 1988)

Mariah Carey

"Vision of Love" (August 4, 1990)

"Emotions" (October 12, 1991)

"Can't Let Go" (#2 – January 25, 1992)

"Fantasy" (September 30, 1995)

"My All" (May 23, 1998)

"When You Believe" (with Whitney Houston)(#15 – January 30, 1999)

Katy Perry

"California Gurls" (featuring Snoop Dogg) (June 19, 2010)

"Last Friday Night (T.G.I.F.)" (August 17, 2011)

"The One That Got Away" (#3 – January 7, 2012)

text: Sources:[76][77][78][79][80][81][81][82]

text: Most consecutive weeks simultaneously topping the Hot 100 and Billboard 200

text:
Number ofweeks
Artist
Year(s)charted
Singles
Albums

12
The Beatles
1964
"I Want to Hold Your Hand",  "She Loves You", "Can't Buy Me Love"
Meet the Beatles!,  The Beatles' Second Album

Whitney Houston
1992–93
"I Will Always Love You"
The Bodyguard: Original Soundtrack Album

7
Michael Jackson
1983
"Billie Jean"
Thriller

Drake
2016
"One Dance" (featuring Wizkid and Kyla)
Views

The Monkees
1966–67
"I'm a Believer"
The Monkees, More of the Monkees

text: Most consecutive years charting a number-one single

text:
Number of years

Artist

First number-one hit and week

Final number-one hit and final week

11

Mariah Carey

"Vision of Love" (August 4, 1990)

"Thank God I Found You"  (February 19, 2000)

7

Elvis Presley †

"Heartbreak Hotel" (March 17, 1956)

"Good Luck Charm"  (April 28, 1962)

The Beatles

"I Want to Hold Your Hand" (February 1, 1964)

"The Long and Winding Road"  (June 20, 1970)

6

The Supremes

"Where Did Our Love Go" (August 22, 1964)

"Someday We'll Be Together"  (December 27, 1969)

Lionel Richie

"Endless Love" (August 15, 1981)

"Say You, Say Me"  (January 11, 1986)

text: † Pre-Hot 100 charts and Hot 100.

text: Most number-one singles in a calendar year

text:
Number ofsingles
Artist
Yearcharted
Singles

6
The Beatles
1964
"I Want to Hold Your Hand"

"She Loves You"

"Can't Buy Me Love"

"Love Me Do"

"A Hard Day's Night"

"I Feel Fine"

5
1965
"I Feel Fine"

"Eight Days a Week"

"Ticket to Ride"

"Help!"

"Yesterday"

4
Elvis Presley †
1956
"Heartbreak Hotel"

"I Want You, I Need You, I Love You"

"Hound Dog" / "Don't Be Cruel"

"Love Me Tender"

1957
"Too Much"

"All Shook Up"

"(Let Me Be Your) Teddy Bear"

"Jailhouse Rock"

The Supremes
1965
"Come See About Me"

"Stop! In the Name of Love"

"Back in My Arms Again"

"I Hear a Symphony"

Jackson 5
1970
"I Want You Back"

"ABC"

"The Love You Save"

"I'll Be There"

George Michael
1988
"Faith"

"Father Figure"

"One More Try"

"Monkey"

Usher
2004
"Yeah!" (featuring Lil Jon and Ludacris)

"Burn"

"Confessions Part II"

"My Boo" (Duet with Alicia Keys)

Rihanna
2010
"Rude Boy"

"Love the Way You Lie" (Eminem featuring Rihanna)

"What's My Name?" (featuring Drake)

"Only Girl (In the World)"

text:
† Pre-Hot 100 charts.
Chart notes: If counting Presley's dual hit song "Don't Be Cruel/Hound Dog" separately then Elvis has 5 for 1956. Some Presley songs included here charted #1 on Cashbox, but not on the Billboard Top 100, the precursor to the Billboard Hot 100.

text: Most top 10 singles

text:
Number of  singles

Artist

Source

38

Madonna

[70]

36†

Elvis Presley

[90]

34

The Beatles

[70]

31

Rihanna

[91]

Drake

[92]

30

Michael Jackson

[92]

28

Stevie Wonder

[70]

Mariah Carey

[93]

27

Elton John

[70]

Janet Jackson

[70]

text: † This total includes Pre-Hot 100 charts and Hot 100. Elvis Presley's total for the Hot 100 top 10 singles is 25.[70]

text: Most consecutive weeks in the top 10

text:
Number of  weeks

Artist

Years  charted

Singles

69

Katy Perry

2010–11

"California Gurls" (featuring Snoop Dogg)

"Teenage Dream"

"Firework"

"E.T." (featuring Kanye West)

"Last Friday Night (T.G.I.F.)"

61

The Chainsmokers

2016–17

"Don't Let Me Down" (featuring Daya)

"Closer" (featuring Halsey)

"Paris"

"Something Just Like This" (with Coldplay)

51

Drake

2015–16

"Hotline Bling"

"Work" (Rihanna featuring Drake)

"Summer Sixteen"

"One Dance" (featuring Wizkid and Kyla)

48

Ace of Base

1993–94

"All That She Wants"

"The Sign"

"Don't Turn Around"

46

Rihanna

2010–11

"Love the Way You Lie" (Eminem featuring Rihanna)

"Only Girl (In the World)"

"What's My Name?" (featuring Drake)

"S&M"

text: Most top 10 debuts

text:
Number

Artist

Source

16

Drake

[92]

14

Taylor Swift

[98]

8

Eminem

[98]

Justin Bieber

[98]

7

Lil Wayne

[98]

6

Ariana Grande

[98]

Lady Gaga

[98]

Rihanna

[98]

text: Most top 40 singles

text:
Number
Artist
Source

91
Drake
[92]

80
Elvis Presley†
[99]

71
Lil Wayne
[99]

57
Elton John
[99]

56
Taylor Swift
[99]

51
Glee Cast
[99]

50
The Beatles
[99]

Rihanna
[99]

49
Madonna
[99]

Jay-Z
[99]

Nicki Minaj
"Nicki Minaj Hot 100 Chart History". billboard.com. Billboard Music. Retrieved 7 August 2018.

48
Kanye West
[99]

text: † If his career before the Hot 100 inception is included, Presley is credited with 114 Top 40 entries.[71]

text: Most Hot 100 entries

text:
Entries

Artist

Source

207

Glee Cast

[100]

186

Drake

[92]

138

Lil Wayne

[100]

108

Elvis Presley †

[100]

98

Jay-Z

[100]

93

Nicki Minaj

[75]

92

Kanye West

[101]

91

James Brown

[100]

90

Chris Brown

[100]

77

Taylor Swift

[100]

text: † Elvis Presley's career predated the inception of the Hot 100 by two years. He has charted 149 singles on Billboard if tracking his entire career.

text: Most consecutive weeks on Hot 100

text: The artists with 150 or more consecutive weeks on the Hot 100:

text:
431 – Drake
326 – Lil Wayne
216 – Rihanna
207 – Nicki Minaj
166 – Future
161 – Chris Brown
159 – Jay-Z
152 – Nelly
150 – Justin Bieber

text: Self-replacement at number one

text:
The Beatles † – "I Want to Hold Your Hand" → "She Loves You" (March 21, 1964); "She Loves You" → "Can't Buy Me Love" (April 4, 1964)
Boyz II Men – "I'll Make Love to You" → "On Bended Knee" (December 3, 1994)
Puff Daddy – "I'll Be Missing You" (Puff Daddy and Faith Evans featuring 112) → "Mo Money Mo Problems" (The Notorious B.I.G. featuring Puff Daddy and Mase) (August 30, 1997)
Ja Rule – "Always on Time" (Ja Rule featuring Ashanti) → "Ain't It Funny" (Jennifer Lopez featuring Ja Rule) (March 9, 2002)
Nelly – "Hot in Herre" → "Dilemma" (Nelly featuring Kelly Rowland) (August 17, 2002)
OutKast – "Hey Ya!" → "The Way You Move" (OutKast featuring Sleepy Brown) (February 14, 2004)
Usher – "Yeah!" (Usher featuring Lil Jon and Ludacris) → "Burn" (May 22, 2004); "Burn" → "Confessions Part II" (July 24, 2004)
T.I. – "Whatever You Like" → "Live Your Life" (T.I. featuring Rihanna) (October 18, 2008); "Whatever You Like" → "Live Your Life" (November 15, 2008)
The Black Eyed Peas – "Boom Boom Pow" → "I Gotta Feeling" (July 11, 2009)
Taylor Swift – "Shake It Off" → "Blank Space" (November 29, 2014)
The Weeknd – "Can't Feel My Face" → "The Hills" (October 3, 2015)
Justin Bieber – "Sorry" → "Love Yourself" (February 13, 2016); "I'm the One" (DJ Khaled featuring Justin Bieber, Quavo, Chance the Rapper and Lil Wayne) → "Despacito" (Luis Fonsi and Daddy Yankee featuring Justin Bieber) (May 27, 2017)
Drake – "God's Plan" → "Nice for What" (April 21, 2018); "Nice for What" → "In My Feelings" (July 21, 2018)

text: † The Beatles are the only act in history to have three consecutive, self-replacing #1s.

text: Simultaneously occupying the top two positions

text: Elvis Presley: October 20 – November 3, 1956 (Pre-Hot 100 charts)

text:
"Hound Dog" / "Don't Be Cruel"
"Love Me Tender" ("Best Sellers in Stores" and "Most Played by Jockeys" charts)

tag: ol

text: The Beatles: From February 22, 1964 until April 25, 1964 the Beatles held the top two positions, with various singles. In some of the weeks, the band held the top three or top four slots, the only act in chart history to do so. On April 4, 1964, The Beatles occupied the entire top five.[104]

text:
"Can't Buy Me Love"
"Twist and Shout"
"She Loves You"
"I Want to Hold Your Hand"
"Please Please Me"

text: Bee Gees: March 18 – April 15, 1978

text:
"Night Fever"
"Stayin' Alive"

text: Puff Daddy: August 9–30, 1997

text:
"I'll Be Missing You" (Puff Daddy and Faith Evans featuring 112)
"Mo Money Mo Problems" (The Notorious B.I.G. featuring Puff Daddy and Mase)

text: Ja Rule: March 9–23, 2002

text:
"Ain't It Funny"  (Jennifer Lopez featuring Ja Rule)
"Always on Time" (Ja Rule featuring Ashanti)

text: Ashanti: April 20 – May 18, 2002

text:
"Foolish"
"What's Luv?" (Fat Joe featuring Ashanti)

text: Nelly: August 10–31, 2002

text:
"Hot in Herre"
"Dilemma" (Nelly featuring Kelly Rowland, songs switched positions on August 17, 2002)

text: OutKast: December 20, 2003 – February 7, 2004

text:
"Hey Ya!"
"The Way You Move" (OutKast featuring Sleepy Brown)

text: Usher: June 26 – July 3, 2004; July 17, 2004

text:
"Burn"
"Confessions Part II"

text: 50 Cent: April 16–30, 2005

text:
"Candy Shop" (50 Cent featuring Olivia)
"Hate It or Love It" (The Game featuring 50 Cent)

text: Mariah Carey: September 10, 2005

text:
"We Belong Together"
"Shake It Off"

text: Akon:

text: December 2, 2006

text:
"I Wanna Love You" (Akon featuring Snoop Dogg)
"Smack That" (Akon featuring Eminem)

text: April 14, 2007

text:
"Don't Matter"
"The Sweet Escape" (Gwen Stefani featuring Akon)

text: T.I.: October 18, 2008; November 1–29, 2008

text:
"Live Your Life" (T.I. featuring Rihanna)
"Whatever You Like" (songs switched positions several times)

text: Black Eyed Peas: June 27[105] – July 18, 2009[106]

text:
"Boom Boom Pow"
"I Gotta Feeling" (songs switched positions on July 11, 2009)

text: Pharrell Williams: June 29[107] – July 27, 2013

text:
"Blurred Lines" (Robin Thicke featuring T.I. and Pharrell)
"Get Lucky" (Daft Punk featuring Pharrell Williams)

text: Iggy Azalea: June 7[108] – July 5, 2014[109][110][111][112]

text:
"Fancy" (Iggy Azalea featuring Charli XCX)
"Problem" (Ariana Grande featuring Iggy Azalea)

text: The Weeknd: September 26, 2015[113]

text:
"Can't Feel My Face"
"The Hills"

text: Justin Bieber:

text: February 6–13, 2016[114][115]

text:
"Sorry"
"Love Yourself" (songs switched positions on February 13, 2016)

text: July 1–22, 2017[116][117][118][119]

text:
"Despacito" (Luis Fonsi and Daddy Yankee featuring Justin Bieber)
"I'm the One" (DJ Khaled featuring Justin Bieber, Quavo, Chance the Rapper, and Lil Wayne)

text: Drake:

text: April 21–May 5, 2018[91][38][120]

text:
"Nice for What"
"God's Plan"

text: July 14, 2018[92]

text:
"Nice for What"
"Nonstop"

text: Simultaneously three or more singles in the top 10

text:
The Beatles: February 29 – May 2, 1964 (Note: The Beatles had as many as five in the top ten April 4–11, 1964)
"I Want to Hold Your Hand"
"She Loves You"
"Please Please Me"
"Twist and Shout"
"Can't Buy Me Love"
"Do You Want to Know a Secret"
The Bee Gees: February 25 – March 4, 1978
"How Deep Is Your Love"
"Stayin' Alive"
"Night Fever"
Ashanti: March 30 – April 6, 2002
"Always On Time" (Ja Rule featuring Ashanti)
"What's Luv?" (Fat Joe featuring Ashanti)
"Foolish"
50 Cent:
May 31 – June 7, 2003
"In Da Club"
"21 Questions" (50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg)
"Magic Stick" (Lil' Kim featuring 50 Cent)
February 19 – April 30, 2005; May 14–21, 2005 (Note: 50 Cent had as many as four in the top ten April 2–9, 2005)
"Disco Inferno"
"How We Do" (The Game featuring 50 Cent)
"Candy Shop" (50 Cent featuring Olivia)
"Hate It or Love It" (The Game featuring 50 Cent)
"Just a Lil Bit"
Usher: June 5 – July 10, 2004
"Yeah!" (Usher featuring Lil Jon & Ludacris)
"Burn"
"Confessions Part II"
Akon: May 5, 2007 and May 19, 2007
"The Sweet Escape" (Gwen Stefani featuring Akon)
"Don't Matter"
"I Tried" (Bone Thugs-n-Harmony featuring Akon)
T-Pain: November 3 – December 29, 2007 (Note: All four titles below were in the top ten November 24 – December 8, 2007)
"Good Life" (Kanye West featuring T-Pain)
"Cyclone" (Baby Bash featuring T-Pain)
"Kiss Kiss" (Chris Brown featuring T-Pain)
"Low" (Flo Rida featuring T-Pain)
Chris Brown: April 5, 2008 and May 10, 2008 (Note: The first two titles below were in the top ten on both charts)
"With You"
"No Air" (Jordin Sparks & Chris Brown)
"Shawty Get Loose" (Lil Mama featuring Chris Brown & T-Pain)
"Forever"
Lil Wayne: September 27, 2008
"Got Money" (Lil Wayne featuring T-Pain)
"Can't Believe It" (T-Pain featuring Lil Wayne)
"Swagga Like Us" (Jay-Z & T.I. featuring Kanye West & Lil Wayne)
Adele: March 3, 2012
"Rolling in the Deep"
"Someone Like You"
"Set Fire to the Rain"
Iggy Azalea: August 30, 2014[121]
"Fancy" (Iggy Azalea featuring Charli XCX)
"Problem" (Ariana Grande featuring Iggy Azalea)
"Black Widow" (Iggy Azalea featuring Rita Ora)
Ariana Grande: August 30, 2014
"Problem" (Ariana Grande featuring Iggy Azalea)
"Bang Bang" (Jessie J, Ariana Grande & Nicki Minaj)
"Break Free" (Ariana Grande featuring Zedd)
Justin Bieber: December 5, 2015 – February 6, 2016[122]
"What Do You Mean?"
"Sorry"
"Love Yourself"
The Chainsmokers: March 18, 2017[123]
"Closer" (The Chainsmokers featuring Halsey)
"Paris"
"Something Just Like This" (The Chainsmokers and Coldplay)
Cardi B: January 6–27, 2018[124][125][126] (Note: The first two titles below were in the top ten January 6–27, 2018)
"No Limit" (G-Eazy featuring ASAP Rocky & Cardi B)
"MotorSport" (Migos, Nicki Minaj & Cardi B)
"Bodak Yellow (Money Moves)"
"Finesse" (Bruno Mars & Cardi B)
Drake:
April 14–June 9, 2018[127][91][38][120][128][129][15][130][131](Note: Titles have varied throughout the weeks mentioned)
"God's Plan"
"Look Alive" (BlocBoy JB featuring Drake)
"Walk It Talk It" (Migos featuring Drake)
"Nice for What"
"Yes Indeed" (Lil Baby and Drake)
July 14–28, 2018[92][132][16](Note: Drake had as many as seven in the top ten July 14, 2018)
"Nice for What"
"Nonstop"
"God's Plan"
"In My Feelings"
"I'm Upset"
"Emotionless"
"Don't Matter to Me" (Drake featuring Michael Jackson)
J. Cole: May 5, 2018[120]
"ATM"
"Kevin's Heart"
"KOD"
Post Malone: May 12, 2018[128]
"Psycho" (Post Malone featuring Ty Dolla Sign)
"Better Now"
"Rockstar" (Post Malone featuring 21 Savage)

text: Posthumous number-ones

text:
Otis Redding (d. December 10, 1967) – "(Sittin' On) The Dock of the Bay" (March 16, 1968)
Janis Joplin (d. October 4, 1970) – "Me and Bobby McGee" (March 20, 1971)
Jim Croce (d. September 20, 1973) – "Time in a Bottle" (December 29, 1973)
John Lennon (d. December 8, 1980) – "(Just Like) Starting Over" (December 27, 1980)
The Notorious B.I.G. (d. March 9, 1997) – "Hypnotize" (May 3, 1997) and "Mo Money Mo Problems" (August 30, 1997)
Soulja Slim (d. November 26, 2003) – "Slow Motion" (Juvenile featuring Soulja Slim) (August 7, 2004)
Static Major (d. February 25, 2008) – "Lollipop" (Lil Wayne featuring Static Major) (May 3, 2008)
XXXTentacion (d. June 18, 2018) – "Sad!" (June 30, 2018)

text: Age records

text:
Louis Armstrong (age 62 years, 279 days) is the oldest artist to top the Hot 100. He set that record with "Hello, Dolly!" on May 9, 1964.
Cher (age 52 years, 297 days) is the oldest female artist to top the Hot 100. She set the record with "Believe" on March 13, 1999.[134] The previous record holder was Grace Slick of Starship, who was 47 years, 156 days old when their hit "Nothing's Gonna Stop Us Now" began its two-week reign on April 4, 1987.
Michael Jackson (age 11 years, 155 days) is the youngest artist to top the Hot 100. He achieved the record, as part of the Jackson 5, with "I Want You Back" on January 31, 1970.
Stevie Wonder (age 13 years, 89 days) is the youngest solo artist to top the Hot 100. He set the record with "Fingertips Pt. 2" on August 10, 1963.
Little Peggy March (age 15 years, 50 days) is the youngest female artist to top the Hot 100. The song which established this record for her was "I Will Follow Him", which reached #1 on April 27, 1963.
Fred Stobaugh (age 96 years, 23 days) is the oldest living artist to chart on the Hot 100. He was featured on the Green Shoe Studio song "Oh Sweet Lorriane", which ranked at #42 on September 14, 2013.[135] The previous record was held by Tony Bennett, who was 85 years, 59 days old when his song "Body and Soul", a duet with Amy Winehouse, ranked at #87 on October 1, 2011.
French-born Jordy Lemoine (age 5 years, 156 days) is the youngest artist to chart on the Hot 100. He established the record when his song "Dur dur d'être bébé! (It's Tough to Be a Baby)", where he is credited simply as Jordy, entered the chart on June 19, 1993.[136][137]
Asahd Khaled (age 132 days) is the youngest producer to chart on the Hot 100, as an executive producer for the album Grateful by DJ Khaled. The album's first single "Shining" featuring Jay-Z and Beyoncé entered the Hot 100 at #62 on March 4, 2017. He also became the youngest producer to earn a Hot 100 #1 (age 209 days) when the album's second single, "I'm the One" featuring Justin Bieber, Quavo, Chance the Rapper, and Lil Wayne, debuted atop the chart dated May 20, 2017.[138][139]

text: Gap records

text:
The longest gap between #1 hits on the Hot 100 for an artist is 24 years, 355 days by Cher. Her single "Believe" hit #1 on March 13, 1999, her first time on top since "Dark Lady" on March 23, 1974.[134][140]
Cher also holds the record gap between first and most recent #1 on the Hot 100 over the longest period of time: 33 years, 232 days. The first of three weeks at #1 for "I Got You Babe" by Sonny & Cher was August 14, 1965. The last week at #1 for Cher's "Believe" was April 3, 1999.[140]
The record for the longest wait from an artist's Hot 100 debut entry to its first #1 belongs to Santana, with 30 years between the time he first cracked the Hot 100 with "Jingo" (October 25, 1969) and the first of 12 weeks at #1 with "Smooth," featuring Rob Thomas (October 23, 1999).[141]
When "4th Dimension" by Kids See Ghosts featuring Louis Prima debuted at #42 for the week of June 23, 2018,[142] Prima became the artist with the longest overall span of singles on the Hot 100 – 57 years, 130 days on account of his single "Wonderland by Night" which appeared at #89 on the Hot 100, dated February 13, 1961.

text: Album achievements

text: Most number-one singles from one album

text:
Number of Singles
Artist
Album
Year

5
Michael Jackson
Bad
1987

Katy Perry
Teenage Dream
2010

4
Various artists
Saturday Night Fever
1977

Whitney Houston
Whitney

1987

George Michael
Faith

Paula Abdul
Forever Your Girl
1988

Janet Jackson
Janet Jackson's Rhythm Nation 1814
1989

Mariah Carey
Mariah Carey
1990

Usher
Confessions
2004

text:
Saturday Night Fever generated number-one singles for two different artists: "How Deep Is Your Love", "Stayin' Alive" and "Night Fever" by the Bee Gees; and "If I Can't Have You" by Yvonne Elliman.
Katy Perry's Teenage Dream: The Complete Confection was a reissue of the Teenage Dream album, and featured an additional single, "Part Of Me", which peaked at Number One on the Billboard Hot 100. This brings her actual total to six. However, this does not count since the single comes from a reissue of the album and not the original release.[144]

text: Most top ten singles from one album

text:
Number of singles
Artist
Album
Year

7
Michael Jackson
Thriller
1982

Bruce Springsteen
Born in the U.S.A.
1984

Janet Jackson
Janet Jackson's Rhythm Nation 1814
1989

Drake
Scorpion
2018

6
Michael Jackson
Bad

1987

George Michael
Faith

Janet Jackson
Janet.
1993

Katy Perry
Teenage Dream
2010

5
Lionel Richie
Can't Slow Down
1983

Janet Jackson
Control

1986

Genesis
Invisible Touch

Madonna
True Blue

Huey Lewis and the News
Fore!

Whitney Houston
Whitney
1987

Paula Abdul
Forever Your Girl

1988

Bobby Brown
Don't Be Cruel

New Kids on the Block
Hangin' Tough

Bon Jovi
New Jersey

Milli Vanilli
Girl You Know It's True
1989

Various artists †
Waiting to Exhale
1995

Usher
Confessions
2004

Fergie
The Dutchess
2006

The Black Eyed Peas
The E.N.D.
2009

Taylor Swift

1989
2014

text: † Waiting to Exhale generated top ten singles for five different artists: "Exhale (Shoop Shoop)" and "Count on Me" by Whitney Houston (the latter with CeCe Winans), "Not Gon' Cry" by Mary J. Blige, "Sittin' Up in My Room" by Brandy, and "Let It Flow" by Toni Braxton.

text: Other album achievements

text:
Janet Jackson's Janet Jackson's Rhythm Nation 1814 has the most top 5 singles, with 7.[147]
Janet Jackson has the most albums with five or more Top 10 hits. Those albums are Control, Janet Jackson's Rhythm Nation 1814, and janet.[148]

text: Drake's Scorpion places a record-breaking ALL 25 songs listed in the Billboard Hot 100 at the same time, on the July 14, 2018 chart, while he still have two more songs entried,[149] eclipsing his previous record of 22 from his album More Life about one year earlier, on April 8, 2017[150], and 18 from his album Views two year earlier, on May 21, 2016.[151]

text: NOTE: Numbers listed here are, per Billboard's rules,[152] over one release.

text: Producer achievements

text: Producers with the most number-one singles

text:
Number of singles

Producer(s)

Best known producing for

Biggest number-one hit and date

23

George Martin

The Beatles

"Hey Jude"[153] (September 28, 1968)

22

Max Martin

Britney Spears, Katy Perry,  Kelly Clarkson, Pink, Taylor Swift

"Dark Horse"[154] (February 8, 2014)

16

Steve Sholes †

Elvis Presley

"Hound Dog/Don't Be Cruel"  (August 18, 1956)

Jimmy Jam, Terry Lewis

Janet Jackson

"Miss You Much"[68](October 7, 1989)

Dr. Luke

Katy Perry, Kelly Clarkson,  Kesha, Miley Cyrus

"Tik Tok"[155](January 2, 2010)

14

Barry Gibb

Bee Gees, Andy Gibb

"How Deep Is Your Love"[155](December 24, 1977)

Mariah Carey

Herself

"We Belong Together"[155](June 4, 2005)

text: † Pre-Hot 100 charts and Hot 100

text: Songwriter achievements

text: Songwriters with the most number-one singles

text:
Number of singles

Songwriter

Best known writing for

Biggest number-one hit and date

32

Paul McCartney

The Beatles

"Hey Jude"[153] (September 28, 1968)

26

John Lennon

22

Max Martin

Katy Perry, Britney Spears,  Kelly Clarkson, Pink, Taylor Swift

"Dark Horse"[154] (February 8, 2014)

17

Mariah Carey

Herself

"We Belong Together"[161] (June 4, 2005)

16

Barry Gibb

Bee Gees, Andy Gibb

"How Deep Is Your Love"[162] (December 24, 1977)

Dr. Luke

Katy Perry, Kesha, Miley Cyrus

"Tik Tok"  (January 2, 2010)

text:
Number of singles

Songwriter(s)

Year

Number-one hits (in chronological order)

7

John Lennon Paul McCartney

1964

The Beatles – "I Want to Hold Your Hand"†,  "She Loves You"†,  "Can't Buy Me Love"†,  "Love Me Do" Peter and Gordon – "A World Without Love" The Beatles – "A Hard Day's Night", "I Feel Fine"†††

Barry Gibb ††

1978

Bee Gees – "How Deep Is Your Love", "Stayin' Alive"†  Andy Gibb – "(Love Is) Thicker Than Water"†  Bee Gees – "Night Fever"†  Yvonne Elliman – "If I Can't Have You"†  Andy Gibb – "Shadow Dancing"  Frankie Valli – "Grease"

5

Lamont Dozier Brian Holland Eddie Holland

1965

The Supremes – "Come See About Me", "Stop! In the Name of Love", "Back in My Arms Again"† Four Tops – "I Can't Help Myself (Sugar Pie Honey Bunch)"† The Supremes – "I Hear a Symphony"

John Lennon ††† Paul McCartney †††

1965

The Beatles – "I Feel Fine", "Eight Days a Week", "Ticket to Ride", "Help!", "Yesterday" †††

Robin Gibb Maurice Gibb

1978

Bee Gees – "How Deep Is Your Love", "Stayin' Alive", "Night Fever"†  Yvonne Elliman – "If I Can't Have You"†  Andy Gibb – "Shadow Dancing"

text:
† Chronologically sequential, replacing each other at #1
†† Holds all-time record of writing the most consecutively charted (self-replacing) #1 songs on the Hot 100, with 4.
††† Hold all-time record of writing the most consecutive #1 A-side singles, with 6. Record includes these five 1965 A-sides and "We Can Work It Out", which hit #1 in January 1966.

text: Selected additional Hot 100 achievements

text:
The first #1 song on the Hot 100 was "Poor Little Fool" by Ricky Nelson (August 4, 1958).
The #1 song in the first week Billboard incorporated sales and airplay data from Nielsen SoundScan and Nielsen Broadcast Data Systems was "Set Adrift on Memory Bliss" by P.M. Dawn (November 30, 1991).
The #1 song in the first week Billboard allowed songs without a commercial single release to chart on the Hot 100 was "I'm Your Angel" by R. Kelly and Céline Dion (December 5, 1998). Though the song was making its first appearance on the Hot 100 that week, Billboard did not consider it a debut at #1, since it appeared on unpublished test charts prior to the allowance of airplay-only songs on the main chart.[166] "I'm Your Angel" also entered the Hot 100 Singles Sales chart that week at #1,[167] so it would have been ineligible to chart on the Hot 100 before then.
The first "airplay-only" song to reach #1 (no points from a commercial single release) was "Try Again" by Aaliyah (June 17, 2000).
Drake holds the record for the most entries in the Hot 100 during a one-week period, with 27 on the July 14, 2018 chart.[168] The Beatles had long held this record, occupying 14 positions on the Hot 100 dated April 11, 1964, a feat unmatched for nearly 51 years. On March 7, 2015, Drake tied the Beatles mark,[169] and he equaled it again on October 17 that year.[151] Justin Bieber then reset the record to 17 on December 5, 2015,[170] before Drake reclaimed the record with 20 on May 21, 2016, and broke his own record with 27 on July 14, 2018.[151][171]
Drake also holds the record for the most debuting entries on a Hot 100 chart by any artist, with 22 on July 14, 2018.[168]
Cardi B is the record-holder among female artists for the most simultaneous entries in the Hot 100, with 13 on the April 21, 2018 chart.[172]
The Beatles are the only artists to simultaneously hold the top 2 spots on the Billboard Hot 100 singles chart and Billboard 200 albums chart. They achieved this feat for nine consecutive weeks, from February 29, 1964, to April 25, 1964. For the first five weeks of that run, through March 28, 1964, "I Want to Hold Your Hand" and "She Loves You" were the #1 and #2 singles (which swapped positions during March 1964), while Meet the Beatles! and Introducing... The Beatles held the top 2 spots on the albums charts. For the remaining weeks of the run, "Can't Buy Me Love" and their cover of "Twist and Shout" were the #1 and #2 singles, while Meet the Beatles! and Introducing... The Beatles continued their reign as the top 2 albums.[173][174]
Barry Gibb, Robin Gibb, John Lennon, and Paul McCartney hold the record of writing all of the Top 3 singles for one week. The Gibbs co-wrote the top 3 singles for the week of March 18, 1978 – #1 "Night Fever" and #2 "Stayin' Alive" for the Bee Gees, and #3 "Emotion" for Samantha Sang. Lennon and McCartney co-wrote the top 3 singles for the week of March 14, 1964 – #1 "I Want to Hold Your Hand", #2 "She Loves You", and #3 "Please Please Me", all for The Beatles. They continued this record the following week of March 21, 1964, when "She Loves You" switched places with "I Want to Hold Your Hand".
The Black Eyed Peas hold the record for the longest uninterrupted time at #1 on the Hot 100, a total of 26 consecutive weeks from April to October 2009. "Boom Boom Pow" spent the first 12 weeks on top, with "I Gotta Feeling" taking over for the remaining 14 weeks.[175] Prior to August 2009, Usher held this record, spending 19 consecutive weeks on top of the chart in 2004 with "Yeah!" (12 weeks at #1) and "Burn" (first 7 of its 8 total weeks at #1).[176]
On December 4, 2010, Rihanna's "Only Girl (In the World)" reached the top spot two weeks after "What's My Name?", becoming the first time in Hot 100 history that an album's debut single hit #1 after the second single did.[177]
Ed Sheeran became the first artist to debut more than one song in the top 10 for the same week. On the chart dated January 28, 2017, "Shape of You" debuted at #1, while "Castle on the Hill" entered at #6.[178] Drake later achieved this feat on three separate occasions, doing so on April 8, 2017,[150] February 3, 2018, [179] and July 14, 2018.[180] In the latter week, Drake broke the record by debuting four songs in the top 10.
Drake is the only artist to have a number-one debut replace another number-one debut. He did this April 21, 2018, when "Nice For What" replaced "God's Plan" at the summit, after the latter had spent eleven weeks on top.[181]
Drake holds the record for being on the Hot 100 for the most consecutive weeks. He placed at least one song, either in a lead or featured role, on every chart from his debut on May 23, 2009, to August 19, 2017, for a total of 431 weeks in a row.[182]
Ariana Grande is the only artist to have the lead single from each of her first four albums debut in the Hot 100's top 10.[120]
Drake has the record for most songs in the top ten at once, with 7. The Beatles held the record for 54 years, with five entries.[183]