document_title: 3rd Rock from the Sun

question_text: when did third rock from the sun start

question_tokens: when did third rock from the sun start

text: 3rd Rock from the Sun

text: Overview[edit]

text: This section does not cite any sources. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (May 2012) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

text: The premise of the show revolves around an extraterrestrial research expedition attempting to live as a normal human family in the fictional city of Rutherford, Ohio, said to be 52 mi (84 km) outside of Cleveland, where they live in an attic apartment. Humor was principally derived from the aliens' attempts to study human society and, because of their living as humans themselves while on Earth, to understand the human condition. This show reflects human life from the perspective of aliens and many sources of humor are from the learning experiences the alien characters have. Most of the episodes are named after the protagonist "Dick". In later episodes, they are more accustomed to Earth and often are more interested in their human lives than in their mission.

text: The show also takes humor from its mirroring of all human anthropological expeditions and their assumptions of superiority to the "natives", as well as their inability to distinguish themselves from the natives. Dr. Mary Albright (Jane Curtin) is a professor of anthropology at (fictional) Pendelton State University, and many of the issues with which the four aliens struggle appear in her conversation and work. Furthermore, these four alien researchers end up looking more or less like joyriders as they get drawn further and further into human life.

text: Dick Solomon (John Lithgow), the High Commander and leader of the expedition, is the family provider as a physics professor at Pendelton (with Ian Lithgow, John Lithgow's eldest son, playing one of his less successful students). Information officer and oldest member of the crew Tommy (Joseph Gordon-Levitt) has been given the body of a teenager and is forced to enroll in high school (later college), leaving security officer Sally (Kristen Johnston) and "the one with the transmitter in his head", Harry (French Stewart) to spend their lives as 20-somethings hanging out at home and bouncing through short-term jobs. The show also involves their relationships with humans, mostly their love interests.

text: The family often communicates through Harry with their off-world (and usually unseen) boss, the Big Giant Head, who when he finally visits Earth, appears in the body of William Shatner. Harry unexpectedly (and often in inconvenient circumstances) stands up, his arms stiff (acting as the antenna), and proclaims: "Incoming message from the Big Giant Head."

text: Cast[edit]

text: 3rd Rock maintained a constant ensemble cast; the four main characters are Dick, Sally, Tommy, and Harry. Several other main characters who left or joined the show through its original run supplemented these four. The three male aliens' names are a play on the phrase "Tom, Dick and Harry".

text: Main characters[edit]

text:
John Lithgow as Dick Solomon
Kristen Johnston as Sally Solomon
French Stewart as Harry Solomon
Joseph Gordon-Levitt as Tommy Solomon
Jane Curtin as Mary Albright
Simbi Khali as Nina Campbell (seasons 3–6, recurring previously)
Elmarie Wendel as Mamie Dubcek (seasons 3–6, recurring previously)
Wayne Knight as Officer Don Orville (seasons 3–6, recurring previously)

text: Recurring characters[edit]

text:
David DeLuise as Bug Pollone, one of Dick's students
Ian Lithgow as Leon, one of Dick's students (portrayed by John Lithgow's eldest son)
Danielle Nicolet as Caryn, one of Dick's students
Chris Hogan as Aubrey Pitman, one of Dick's students
Ileen Getz as Dr. Judith Draper, professor at Pendelton and colleague of Mary
Shay Astar as August Leffler, Tommy's first girlfriend (seasons 1–3, sparsely appears in seasons 3 and 4)
Larisa Oleynik as Alissa Strudwick, Tommy's second girlfriend (seasons 4–6)
Ron West as Dr. Vincent Strudwick, Alissa's father and rival to Dick (seasons 2–6)
William Shatner as The Big Giant Head, the aliens' boss
Jan Hooks as Vicki Dubcek, daughter of Ms. Dubcek and Harry's on-and-off girlfriend
John Cleese as Dr. Liam Neesam, a professor who briefly has a relationship with Mary, and is later revealed to be an evil alien (seasons 3 and 6)
Chyna as Janice, a muscular female police officer who is briefly Harry's girlfriend
Michael Milhoan as Coach Strickland, a high school physical education teacher at Tommy's high school

text: Guest stars[edit]

text: Production[edit]

text: Theme music[edit]

text: The show's opening theme music was composed by Ben Vaughn, and for the first three seasons, it was originally a 1950s-style rock-and-roll instrumental piece; the theme was extended slightly in season three, when Simbi Khali, Elmarie Wendel, and Wayne Knight were officially made series regulars and added to the opening credits. For Christmas episodes, jingle bells were added to the theme. For the sixth and final season, a modern jazz underline version of the theme was used during that season. The only major change to the theme was in season four through five, when the original Ben Vaughn version was replaced by a big band cover of the theme, performed by the group Big Bad Voodoo Daddy, and was only used during that season. During season one, James Earl Jones provided a voice introduction describing the crew.

text: Title sequence[edit]

text: The opening title sequence, which was produced by the London graphic design firm SVC Television, opens with computerized shots of planets and celestial bodies, some either with the planets dancing or moving in warp speed. It opens and closes with a shot of Earth (which at the open is where the show's title logo appears, after a sunburst appears on the side of Earth). For the sixth and final season only, the typeface of the cast and creators' names was altered.

text: Distribution[edit]

text: Broadcast[edit]

text: The six seasons had 139 episodes in the series.

text:
Season
Episodes
Originally aired
Nielsen ratings[1]

First aired
Last aired
Rank
Rating
Tied with

1
20
January 9, 1996 (1996-01-09)
May 21, 1996 (1996-05-21)
22
12.1
N/A

2
26
September 22, 1996 (1996-09-22)
May 18, 1997 (1997-05-18)
27
10.8
Law & Order

3
27
September 24, 1997 (1997-09-24)
May 20, 1998 (1998-05-20)
N/A
N/A
N/A

4
24
September 23, 1998 (1998-09-23)
May 25, 1999 (1999-05-25)
N/A
N/A
N/A

5
22
September 21, 1999 (1999-09-21)
May 23, 2000 (2000-05-23)
N/A
N/A
N/A

6
20
October 24, 2000 (2000-10-24)
May 22, 2001 (2001-05-22)
N/A
N/A
N/A

text: Of 139 episodes of the series, 108 contained "Dick" in the title (in reference to John Lithgow's character). While some of the episode titles with "Dick" in them are innocent (i.e., "Tom, Dick and Mary", "Dick Is From Mars, Sally Is From Venus"), others are more risque and often are double entendres (i.e., "Sensitive Dick", "A Dick Replacement", "Frozen Dick", "Shall We Dick"), due to the fact that the word "Dick" is both a short form of Richard and a slang term for penis. One episode from season six used an abbreviation for a title, "B.D.O.C.", since the full title ("Big Dick on Campus") was deemed too risque.

text: During the show's sixth and final season, John Lithgow commented to several media outlets that "3rd Rock" had been moved to more than fifteen different time slots in six years, causing its ratings to decrease substantially.

text: Syndication[edit]

text: In the United States, the series is distributed for syndication by Carsey-Warner Distribution, and entered broadcast syndication in September 1999, where it continued until the fall of 2004. In 2004, the show moved into limited-run barter syndication, where it remains; The Program Exchange handles distribution for Carsey-Werner.[2] ABC Family aired reruns between 2002 and 2006. Reruns of the series aired on TV Land from 2008 through 2010. In the fall of 2010, ReelzChannel began airing the series.

text: This series rerun is now also aired on Malaysia's national broadcast TV channel RTM's TV2 in the 12:30am time slot on Tuesday and Wednesday nights.

text: In the United Kingdom, the series originally aired on BBC Two from 1996 to 2001 and ITV2 later reran the entire series from 2005 to 2006. Cable network Virgin Media currently has 40 episodes from seasons 1 and 2 available 'on demand' from the Comedy Central menu option. The series began airing from the beginning on Channel 4 from May 12, 2014.[3] A repeat of Channel 4's episodes are broadcast on 4seven.

text: In the Republic of Ireland, 3e run reruns of the show during the late night slot after Conan at 12:30 am.

text: Netflix made the complete series available online in March 2011. It was removed several months later in the fall of 2011 but returned on March 15, 2015, but was removed again exactly two years later.

text: In the fall of 2011, Canada's TVTropolis cable channel began airing the show, and featured a long weekend marathon run of episodes.

text: The entire series also set to air on Laff.

text: DVD releases[edit]

text:
Region 1
Anchor Bay Entertainment released all six seasons of 3rd Rock from the Sun on DVD for the first time in 2005–2006.[4][5][6][7][8][9] Seasons 1 & 2 contain the edited, syndicated versions of the episodes instead of the original broadcast versions. As of 2010, these releases have been discontinued and are out of print. On these DVDs, the bloopers segments (on the last disc of each season) are in 16:9 format, indicating the series may have been filmed in 16:9 format.

text: On May 4, 2011, Mill Creek Entertainment announced they had acquired the rights to re-release the series on DVD in Region 1.[10] They have subsequently re-released seasons 1–4. These releases contain the unedited, original broadcast versions of the episodes.[11][12] Seasons 5 and 6 were re-released on January 8, 2013.[13][14][15]

text: On May 14, 2013, Mill Creek released 3rd Rock from the Sun – The Complete Series on DVD in Region 1.[16]

text:
Region 2
Network DVD released all six seasons on DVD in the UK. While seasons 1–4 feature unedited versions of the episodes, seasons 5 and 6 feature syndicated, edited episodes. Network re-released the series in 2008 in individual set and a complete collection.

text:
The Complete Season One (released May 17, 2004)[17]
The Complete Season Two (released June 21, 2004)[18]
The Complete Season Three (released August 30, 2004)[19]
The Complete Season Four (released October 25, 2004)[20]
The Complete Season Five (released January 24, 2005)[21]
The Complete Season Six (released January 24, 2005)[22]
The Complete Series (released October 25, 2004)[23]
Series One (re-released November 3, 2008)[24]
Series Two (re-released November 3, 2008)[25]
Series Three (re-released November 3, 2008)[26]
Series Four (re-released November 3, 2008)[27]
Series Five (re-released November 3, 2008)[28]
Series Six (re-released November 3, 2008)[29]
The Complete Series (re-released November 3, 2008)[30]

text:
Region 4
Magna Home Entertainment released all six seasons on DVD in Australia between 2005 and 2007. These releases have been discontinued and are now out of print.

text: On November 15, 2010, Beyond Home Entertainment re-released all six seasons on DVD in Region 4.[31][32][33][34][35][36] The complete collection was also released three days later, on November 18.[37]

text: As of January 2012, all seasons are available through Netflix. On February 4, the series was removed, although returned to availability on March 15, 2015. The series has since been removed.[38]

text: Seasons 1 and 2 were available to download in the UK through iTunes, but are no longer and no episodes or seasons have been made available digitally since.

text: The entire series is currently available to Amazon Prime users through Amazon Video in the US.

text: Reception[edit]

text: Nielsen rankings[edit]

text:
Season
TV season
Rank

1
1995–1996
22[39]

2
1996–1997
28[40]

3
1997–1998
44[41]

4
1998–1999
77[42]

5
1999–2000
82[43]

6
2000–2001
89[44]

text: Awards and nominations[edit]

text: In 1997, 3rd Rock won the most Primetime Emmy Awards (five from eight nominations) for a television series:

text:
1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001 — Outstanding Lead Actor — Comedy Series — John Lithgow
1997, 1998, 1999 — Outstanding Supporting Actress — Comedy Series — Kristen Johnston
1996, 1997 — Outstanding Hairstyling for a Series — Pixie Schwartz
1996 — Outstanding Directing for a Comedy Series — James Burrows
1998 — Outstanding Directing for a Comedy Series — Terry Hughes
1997 — Outstanding Special Visual Effects — Glen Bennett, Visual Effects Artists; Patrick Shearn, Visual Effects Supervisor; Chris Staves, Visual Effects Artists
1997, 1999, 2000 — Outstanding Sound Mixing — Comedy Series
1998 — Outstanding Sound Mixing — Comedy Series — "A Nightmare on Dick Street"
1997, 1998 — Outstanding Costume Design — Series — Melina Root
1997, 1998 — Outstanding Comedy Series
1997 — Outstanding Choreography — Marguerite Derricks
1998 — Outstanding Guest Actress in a Comedy Series — Jan Hooks as Vicki Dubcek
1998 — Outstanding Guest Actor in a Comedy Series — John Cleese as Dr. Neesam
1999, 2000 — Outstanding Multi-camera Picture Editing for a Series
1999 — Outstanding Guest Actress in a Comedy Series — Kathy Bates as Charlotte Everly and Laurie Metcalf as Jennifer
1999 — Outstanding Guest Actor in a Comedy Series — William Shatner as the Big Giant Head
2000 — Outstanding Cinematography for a Multi-camera Series

text: John Lithgow received an Emmy Award nomination for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Comedy Series for each year the show was broadcast, winning the Emmy in 1996, 1997, and 1999. Accepting the 1999 award, he said, "Many wonderful things have happened to me in my life, but the two best are 3rd Rock and my dear family."[45]

text: Golden Globe Awards

text: 1997 — Best Actor in a Television Comedy or Musical — John Lithgow

text: Screen Actors Guild Awards

text: 1996, 1997 — Best Male Actor — Comedy Series — John Lithgow

text: Other media[edit]

text: A tie-in book, 3rd Rock from the Sun: The Official Report On Earth, was released in 1997. It is essentially a report of the Solomon's findings during their stay on Earth. Primarily a source of humor, the book includes such features as "What to do if you encounter Jell-O", a fan biography of Katie Couric written by Harry, and Sally's version of a Cosmo quiz. Portions of the book are included in the booklets inside each season set of the series.

text: Despite the report's being set within the fictional world of 3rd Rock, a foreword written by John Lithgow himself is included in which he explains how he was abducted by the 3rd Rock producers and forced to work on their production. A Post-it note is attached to the foreword, apparently written by Dick Solomon, stating he does not know why the foreword is there, but that Lithgow is an Earth actor who appeared in "some helicopter movie".


question_text: what is a passing score for the cbest test

root

text: Test/program overview[edit]

text:
Education in the United States
By state and in insular areas
By subject area
History of
Issues: Finance – Law – Literacy – Reform
Levels: Pre-kindergarten – Primary – Secondary – Higher
Organizations

 Education portal United States portalvte

tag: table

text: The California Basic Educational Skills Test (CBEST) is a standardized test required by the states of California and Oregon for individuals seeking their first teaching or services credential.  It was developed by the Commission of Teacher Credentialing (CTC)[1] to meet the California Education Code (Section 44254),[2] which was amended by the legislature of California on February 1, 1983.[1]  This amendment "requires teachers, administrators, and other school practitioners, [to] demonstrate adequate proficiency, in English, of three basic skills: reading, mathematics, and writing."  The CBEST is administered by the National Evaluation Systems, Inc. (NES), under the direction of the CBEST Program.[2]  It does not test an individual’s teaching skills or abilities; it only test reading skills (critical analysis, evaluation, comprehension, and research skills), mathematics skills (estimation, measurement, computation, and problem solving, etc.), and writing skills that are considered important for a job in the education field, either at the elementary, secondary, or higher education levels.[2]

tag: p

text: The CBEST gives a separate score for each section tested, but a passing score must be obtained in every section in order to satisfy the California Education Code requirement and obtain the proper credential for employment as educator in the state of California or Oregon.[2]

text: The CBEST format was implemented by the Oregon Teachers Standards and Practices Commission (TSPC) in July 1984 to assess the basic skills of individuals entering the education field.   Six months after, it became a requirement for obtaining a license in Oregon as an educator.  The CBEST is an additional requirement for obtaining a license or credential, and it does not replace the other requirements established for the issuance of teaching credentials.[2]

text: Test design/sections[edit]

text: The CBEST consists of three sections.  It contains multiple-choice questions and two essay questions.  Each multiple-choice question presents five choices (A through E) and examinees are given four hours to take the test.  The time given can be divided among the three sections in any way desired.

text: Reading section[edit]

text: This section contains 50 multiple-choice questions based on original passages of between 100 and 200 words. But in some cases, these passages may be short statements of not more than one or two sentences. These questions measure the ability to understand information given through the written word, or in charts and graphs.  They emphasize on critical analysis, evaluation, comprehension, and research skills.[2]

text: The critical analysis and evaluation portion is approximately 40 percent of the questions from this section, and the comprehension and research skills portion is approximately 60 percent of the questions from this section.[3]

text: Mathematics sections[edit]

text: This section contains 50 multiple-choice questions that assess cumulative knowledge of the mathematics traditionally taught in elementary and high school and, sometimes, in college. These questions come from three broad categories: arithmetic, algebra, and measurement and geometry. None of the questions strictly tests computation, but computational skills are required throughout the test.[2]

text: About 40% of the questions on the mathematics section of the CBEST are related to arithmetic. About 20% of the questions are related to elementary geometry, and the remaining items are related to other mathematical concepts and skills.[3]

text: Writing sections[edit]

text: This section contains two essay questions.  This portion of the CBEST assesses the ability to compose two effective essays within the given time session.  The essays must answer the two topics printed in the test booklet.  One topic requires an analysis of a given situation or a particular statement, and the other asks for a narrative about a personal experience.  These essays test the ability to compose effective prose and to communicate ideas to an intended audience.[2]

text: Essay writing demonstrates the ability to think critically and to use language logically and clearly.  The 30-minute time limit for each essay allows little time to rewrite or to reflect on the writing.  Therefore, the performance on this portion of the test will demonstrate the ability to organize and support ideas quickly.

text: Scoring the exam[edit]

text: One must earn a total of 123 points to get a passing status across all three sections, but you can get away with a score as low as 37 in one or two sections. However, you must make up the rest of remaining points of 123 points elsewhere.

text: Writing scores[edit]

text: Essays are scored by California and Oregon educators, and they score according to standardized procedures during scoring sessions held immediately after each CBEST administration. Writing scores are determined by scoring each of the two essays holistically according to the criteria described in the CBEST Writing Score Scale.

text: CBEST Writing Score Scale

text:
Rhetorical Force
Organization
Support and Development
Usage
Structure and conventions
Appropriateness

tag: ol

text: 2008–2009 version[edit]

text: Computer-based testinge[edit]

text: CBEST computer-based testing (CBEST CBT) is available to choose five- or six-day testing windows at Pearson Professional Centers operated by Pearson VUE. If you go to Test Dates site, it shows a list of the testing windows that are open for registration. Test Sites shows information about available test centers in California and other centers in the United States.

text: New 2009 Basic Skills Testing Options[edit]

text: You must complete one of the following options to satisfy the California basic skills requirements.

text:
Passage of a basic skills examination from another state
Passage of all three subtests of CSET: Multiple Subjects and CSET: Writing Skills
Passage of the CBEST
Passage of both of the English and Mathematics sections of the California State University (CSU) Early Assessment Program (EAP), and it must have "College Ready" or "Exempt" status.
Passage of both of the English Placement Test (EPT) and the Entry Level Mathematics (ELM). The EPT passing score is 151 or higher. The current passing ELM score is 50 or higher. However, if you took ELM before March 2003, score must be 550 or higher.

text: California Basic Skills Requirements[edit]

text: Who must take the CBEST?[edit]

text: You are required to take the CBEST if:

text:
You are applying for a teaching or service credential for the first time.
You have not taught during the 39 months prior to a new job.
You are applying for admission to either a teacher-preparation or service-credential program approved by the CCTC.

text: Exemptions[edit]

text: You are exempt from taking the CBEST if you are:

text:
An instructor of adults in an apprenticeship program.
A teacher in a children's center.
A teacher in a subject that does not require a bachelor's degree
A provider of health services
A student teacher status
An educational specialist in deaf and hearing impaired

text: Passing score[edit]

text: All three sections of test must be passed in order to pass the CBEST.  Raw scores can range from 1–50, which are then converted to scaled scores ranging from 20–80.  The passing scaled score on each section of the test is 41, and a minimum total score of 123 for all three sections must be achieved to pass.[2]

text: Before registration[edit]

text: Registration checklist[edit]

text: Use this checklist to review the information that you need to register for the CBEST.

text:
Review your registration options.
Prepare your payment.
Gather the personal information you need to register.
Review the background questions.
Review the Rules of Test Participation.

text: Test selection[edit]

text:
When you register for the paper-based CBEST, you will automatically be registered for all three sections. However, you may take one, two, or all three sections at a given paper-based test administration.
When you register for the computer-based CBEST, you may register to take one, two, or all three sections. The test fee is the same regardless of your selection. Once you have registered, you may not change your section selection unless you withdraw and register again.[3]

text: Test dates and sites[edit]

text: The CBEST is offered six times a year, once every two months at different locations throughout California and Oregon.  It is usually given on the first or second Saturday of the months of February, April, June, August, October, and December.[4] Specific CBEST test dates can be found at the CBEST website.

text:
A test area choice should be indicated when registering for the CBEST.  A specific test site will be given based on the facilities available and appropriate for test administration.  Test sites are subject to change due to scheduling conflicts.  Although “every attempt will be made to ensure that the new site is located in the same general are as the one originally requested,” it is recommended to carefully review the test area selections as changes are made.
Refer to the Pearson VUE Web site at www.pearsonvue.com/cbest for up-to-date information about all available test centers and emergency registration test areas.[3]

text: Test fees[edit]

text: Fees for Internet and telephone registration must be paid using a credit card or a debit or check card.  The fees for registration by U.S. mail and for other services requested by mail must be paid by check or money order.

text:
Test Registration Fees

Test fee

$41

Computer-based testing service fee (in addition to the regular test fee)

$61

Late registration (for paper-based testing only, in addition to the regular test fee)

$18

Emergency registration (for paper-based testing only, in addition to the regular test fee)

$35

Additional Services Fees

Score verification (multiple-choice section of paper-based test)

$20 per test date

Score verification (essay section)

$50 per test date

Additional copy of test results (per copy)

$10

text: Registration options[edit]

text: There are three different ways to register for the CBEST including internet registration, mail, and telephone registration.

text: Internet registration[edit]

text: Internet registration is available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. Internet registration for the paper-based test can be utilized during regular, late, and emergency registration periods. To register through the internet go to the CBEST main website, click on "Register Now,"[3] and follow the instructions listed. Telephone registration is open from 9:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. (Pacific Time), Monday through Friday, excluding certain holidays. Registration must be completed by 5:00 p.m. (Pacific Time) on the registration deadline to be eligible for that specific registration period.[5]

text: Mail registration[edit]

text: Mail registration deadlines are strictly enforced and must be postmarked by the regular registration deadline. Anything postmarked after the deadline may cause delays or cause you to incur additional registration fees.

text: Telephone rgistration[edit]

text: Telephone registration can be utilized during late and emergency registration periods only. To register by phone call (800) 262- 5080 or (916) 928–4001 on the given times and dates.[3]

text: Confirming and changing registration[edit]

text: To confirm your registration date, time, and location for the paper-based testing, select "Confirm or Modify Registration" on the CBEST website. Follow the instructions provided to log in and verify that all information is correct and accurate. In order to change your paper-based test you may submit a request via internet, U.S. mail or fax. Note that you cannot change from a paper-based test to a computer-based test. To confirm registration for computer-based testing, click the e-mail that the evaluation systems will send to you. You will be redirected to a website in order to schedule your appointment. To change computer-based testing you may reschedule on the Pearson VUE web site.[6]

text: The day of test[edit]

text: Reporting to test site[edit]

text: The paper-based test session will begin at 8:00 a.m. and will end from 12:45 p.m. to 1:15 p.m.[3] Testing times may vary at any other testing locations other than California and Oregon. The computer-based test session will vary depending on what was confirmed in the confirmation email.

text: What to bring and test site rules[edit]

text: For paper-based testing, you must bring your admission ticket, sharpened number 2 pencils with erasers, and proper identification. For computer-based testing, all you must bring is paper identification as described in “Identification Policy.”[3] CBEST test sites do not allow the following on site: any smoking and the use of tobacco products, visitors, weapons of any kind, cell phones, electronic communication devices, calculators, handwritten or printed materials, packages/totes, food/drink, and unauthorized aids.[3]

text: During and after test[edit]

text: "During the test you will have four hours to complete the exam to work on any test section;" bathroom breaks are allowed, but this counts toward the four hours allotted.[3] No type of communication is allowed during the test. When you have completed the test, the testing materials will be collected and you must leave the facility.

text: Obtaining test results[edit]

text: Scores will be mailed four to six weeks after the test date.  For each section, the scores will announce whether or not the section was passed, and it will suggest areas within each section that one might need to study.  The score report will also include the highest score obtained.  A passing score on any section of the test will not have to be taken again.[3]


document_title: List of Jane the Virgin episodes

question_text: when are new episodes of jane the virgin

text: List of Jane the Virgin episodes

text: Series overview[edit]

text:
Season
Episodes
Originally aired

First aired
Last aired

1
22
October 13, 2014 (2014-10-13)
May 11, 2015 (2015-05-11)

2
22
October 12, 2015 (2015-10-12)
May 16, 2016 (2016-05-16)

3
20
October 17, 2016 (2016-10-17)
May 22, 2017 (2017-05-22)

4
17[7]
October 13, 2017 (2017-10-13)
April 20, 2018 (2018-04-20)[8]

text: Episodes[edit]

text: ===Season 1 (2013-2014)

text:
No.
overall
No. in
season
Title
Directed by
Written by
Original air date
U.S. viewers
(millions)

1
1
"Chapter One"
Brad Silberling
Teleplay by : Jennie Snyder Urman
October 13, 2014 (2014-10-13)
1.61[9]

2
2
"Chapter Two"
Uta Briesewitz
Jennie Snyder Urman
October 20, 2014 (2014-10-20)
1.36[10]

3
3
"Chapter Three"
Brad Silberling
Meredith Averill
October 27, 2014 (2014-10-27)
1.09[11]

4
4
"Chapter Four"
Debbie Allen
Corinne Brinkerhoff
November 3, 2014 (2014-11-03)
1.01[12]

5
5
"Chapter Five"
Edward Ornelas
Josh Reims
November 10, 2014 (2014-11-10)
1.22[13]

6
6
"Chapter Six"
Jann Turner
Paul Sciarrotta
November 17, 2014 (2014-11-17)
1.09[14]

7
7
"Chapter Seven"
Janice Cooke
David S. Rosenthal
November 24, 2014 (2014-11-24)
0.96[15]

8
8
"Chapter Eight"
Norman Buckley
Josh Reims & Carolina Rivera
December 8, 2014 (2014-12-08)
1.22[16]

9
9
"Chapter Nine"
Zetna Fuentes
Corinne Brinkerhoff
December 15, 2014 (2014-12-15)
1.28[17]

10
10
"Chapter Ten"
Elodie Keene
Meredith Averill & Christopher Oscar Peña
January 19, 2015 (2015-01-19)
1.39[18]

11
11
"Chapter Eleven"
Joanna Kerns
Gracie Glassmeyer
January 26, 2015 (2015-01-26)
1.55[19]

12
12
"Chapter Twelve"
Gina Lamar
David S. Rosenthal
February 2, 2015 (2015-02-02)
1.24[20]

13
13
"Chapter Thirteen"
Howard Deutch
Josh Reims
February 9, 2015 (2015-02-09)
1.34[21]

14
14
"Chapter Fourteen"
Brad Silberling
Paul Sciarrotta
February 16, 2015 (2015-02-16)
1.31[22]

15
15
"Chapter Fifteen"
Melanie Mayron
Emmylou Diaz & David S. Rosenthal
March 9, 2015 (2015-03-09)
1.26[23]

16
16
"Chapter Sixteen"
Joanna Kerns
Josh Reims & Carolina Rivera
March 16, 2015 (2015-03-16)
1.10[24]

17
17
"Chapter Seventeen"
Uta Briesewitz
Amy Rardin & Jessica O'Toole
April 6, 2015 (2015-04-06)
0.93[25]

18
18
"Chapter Eighteen"
Edward Ornelas
Meredith Averill
April 13, 2015 (2015-04-13)
1.03[26]

19
19
"Chapter Nineteen"
Robert Luketic
Emmylou Diaz & David S. Rosenthal
April 20, 2015 (2015-04-20)
1.05[27]

20
20
"Chapter Twenty"
Debbie Allen
Corinne Brinkerhoff & Paul Sciarrotta
April 27, 2015 (2015-04-27)
1.06[28]

21
21
"Chapter Twenty-One"
Stuart Gillard
Jessica O'Toole & Amy Rardin
May 4, 2015 (2015-05-04)
1.05[29]

22
22
"Chapter Twenty-Two"
Zetna Fuentes
Josh Reims & Jennie Snyder Urman
May 11, 2015 (2015-05-11)
1.24[30]

text: Season 2 (2015–16)[edit]

text:
No.
overall
No. in
season
Title
Directed by
Written by
Original air date
U.S. viewers
(millions)

23
1
"Chapter Twenty-Three"
Brad Silberling
Jennie Snyder Urman
October 12, 2015 (2015-10-12)
1.06[31]

24
2
"Chapter Twenty-Four"
Edward Ornelas
David S. Rosenthal
October 19, 2015 (2015-10-19)
0.84[32]

25
3
"Chapter Twenty-Five"
Robert Luketic
Corinne Brinkerhoff
October 26, 2015 (2015-10-26)
0.94[33]

26
4
"Chapter Twenty-Six"
Zetna Fuentes
Paul Sciarrotta
November 2, 2015 (2015-11-02)
1.09[34]

27
5
"Chapter Twenty-Seven"
Jann Turner
Jessica O'Toole & Amy Rardin
November 9, 2015 (2015-11-09)
1.11[35]

28
6
"Chapter Twenty-Eight"
Melanie Mayron
Corinne Brinkerhoff & Micah Schraft
November 16, 2015 (2015-11-16)
1.10[36]

29
7
"Chapter Twenty-Nine"
Edward Ornelas
David S. Rosenthal & Dara Resnick Creasey
November 23, 2015 (2015-11-23)
0.98[37]

30
8
"Chapter Thirty"
Uta Briesewitz
Paul Sciarrotta & Carolina Rivera
December 14, 2015 (2015-12-14)
0.98[38]

31
9
"Chapter Thirty-One"
Joanna Kerns
Emmylou Diaz & Jessica O'Toole & Amy Rardin
January 25, 2016 (2016-01-25)
0.99[39]

32
10
"Chapter Thirty-Two"
Jason Reilly
Micah Schraft
February 1, 2016 (2016-02-01)
1.04[40]

33
11
"Chapter Thirty-Three"
Uta Briesewitz
Michael J. Cinquemani
February 8, 2016 (2016-02-08)
0.94[41]

34
12
"Chapter Thirty-Four"
Howard Deutch
Madeline Hendricks
February 22, 2016 (2016-02-22)
0.94[42]

35
13
"Chapter Thirty-Five"
Melanie Mayron
Chantelle M. Wells
February 29, 2016 (2016-02-29)
0.91[43]

36
14
"Chapter Thirty-Six"
Uta Briesewitz
Jessica O'Toole & Amy Rardin
March 7, 2016 (2016-03-07)
0.92[44]

37
15
"Chapter Thirty-Seven"
Melanie Mayron
Sarah Goldfinger
March 21, 2016 (2016-03-21)
0.77[45]

38
16
"Chapter Thirty-Eight"
Georgina Garcia Riedel
Micah Schraft
March 28, 2016 (2016-03-28)
0.94[46]

39
17
"Chapter Thirty-Nine"
Matthew Diamond
Carolina Rivera
April 11, 2016 (2016-04-11)
0.93[47]

40
18
"Chapter Forty"
Anna Mastro
Jessica O'Toole & Amy Rardin
April 18, 2016 (2016-04-18)
0.96[48]

41
19
"Chapter Forty-One"
Gina Lamar
Joe Lawson
April 25, 2016 (2016-04-25)
0.84[49]

42
20
"Chapter Forty-Two"
Zetna Fuentes
Micah Schraft & Paul Sciarrotta
May 2, 2016 (2016-05-02)
0.86[50]

43
21
"Chapter Forty-Three"
Melanie Mayron
Jessica O'Toole & Amy Rardin & Paul Sciarrotta
May 9, 2016 (2016-05-09)
0.90[51]

44
22
"Chapter Forty-Four"
Jann Turner
Paul Sciarrotta & Jennie Snyder Urman
May 16, 2016 (2016-05-16)
0.97[52]

text: Season 3 (2016–17)[edit]

text:
No.
overall
No. in
season
Title
Directed by
Written by
Original air date
U.S. viewers
(millions)

45
1
"Chapter Forty-Five"
Gina Lamar
Jennie Snyder Urman
October 17, 2016 (2016-10-17)
1.09[53]

46
2
"Chapter Forty-Six"
Brad Silberling
David S. Rosenthal & Paul Sciarrotta
October 24, 2016 (2016-10-24)
1.10[54]

47
3
"Chapter Forty-Seven"
Eva Longoria Baston
Carolina Rivera & Micah Schraft
October 31, 2016 (2016-10-31)
0.97[55]

48
4
"Chapter Forty-Eight"
Melanie Mayron
Sarah Goldfinger & Jessica O'Toole & Amy Rardin
November 7, 2016 (2016-11-07)
1.08[56]

49
5
"Chapter Forty-Nine"
Anna Mastro
Paul Sciarrotta
November 14, 2016 (2016-11-14)
0.93[57]

50
6
"Chapter Fifty"
Melanie Mayron
Valentina Garza & David S. Rosenthal
November 21, 2016 (2016-11-21)
1.01[58]

51
7
"Chapter Fifty-One"
Gina Lamar
Sarah Goldfinger & Jessica O'Toole & Amy Rardin
November 28, 2016 (2016-11-28)
1.15[59]

52
8
"Chapter Fifty-Two"
Anna Mastro
Carolina Rivera & Micah Schraft
January 23, 2017 (2017-01-23)
0.99[60]

53
9
"Chapter Fifty-Three"
Gina Lamar
Chantelle M. Wells
January 30, 2017 (2017-01-30)
0.91[61]

54
10
"Chapter Fifty-Four"
Melanie Mayron
Micah Schraft & Jennie Snyder Urman
February 6, 2017 (2017-02-06)
0.93[62]

55
11
"Chapter Fifty-Five"
Brad Silberling
Paul Sciarrotta & Jennie Snyder Urman
February 13, 2017 (2017-02-13)
1.07[63]

56
12
"Chapter Fifty-Six"
Matthew Diamond
Valentina Garza
February 20, 2017 (2017-02-20)
1.06[64]

57
13
"Chapter Fifty-Seven"
Zetna Fuentes
Madeline Hendricks
February 27, 2017 (2017-02-27)
0.88[65]

58
14
"Chapter Fifty-Eight"
Melanie Mayron
Merigan Mulhern
March 20, 2017 (2017-03-20)
0.84[66]

59
15
"Chapter Fifty-Nine"
Anna Mastro
Deidre Shaw
March 27, 2017 (2017-03-27)
0.89[67]

60
16
"Chapter Sixty"
Micah Schraft
Carolina Rivera & Micah Schraft
April 24, 2017 (2017-04-24)
0.79[68]

61
17
"Chapter Sixty-One"
Melanie Mayron
Paul Sciarrotta
May 1, 2017 (2017-05-01)
0.77[69]

62
18
"Chapter Sixty-Two"
Fernando Sariñana
Jessica O'Toole & Amy Rardin & David S. Rosenthal
May 8, 2017 (2017-05-08)
0.99[70]

63
19
"Chapter Sixty-Three"
Gina Lamar
Paul Sciarrotta
May 15, 2017 (2017-05-15)
0.76[71]

64
20
"Chapter Sixty-Four"
Melanie Mayron
Micah Schraft & Jennie Snyder Urman
May 22, 2017 (2017-05-22)
0.96[72]

text: Season 4 (2017–18)[edit]

text:
No.
overall
No. in
season
Title
Directed by
Written by
Original air date
U.S. viewers
(millions)

65
1
"Chapter Sixty-Five"
Brad Silberling
Jennie Snyder Urman & Paul Sciarrotta
October 13, 2017 (2017-10-13)
0.68[73]

66
2
"Chapter Sixty-Six"
Gina Lamar
Valentina Garza & Jessica O'Toole & Amy Rardin
October 20, 2017 (2017-10-20)
0.61[74]

67
3
"Chapter Sixty-Seven"
Fernando Sariñana
Carolina Rivera & Micah Schraft
October 27, 2017 (2017-10-27)
0.60[75]

68
4
"Chapter Sixty-Eight"
Gina Lamar
Deirdre Shaw & Chantelle M. Wells
November 3, 2017 (2017-11-03)
0.69[76]

69
5
"Chapter Sixty-Nine"
Stuart Gillard
Paul Sciarrotta
November 10, 2017 (2017-11-10)
0.65[77]

70
6
"Chapter Seventy"
Melanie Mayron
Carolina Rivera & Micah Schraft
November 17, 2017 (2017-11-17)
0.61[78]

71
7
"Chapter Seventy-One"
Micah Schraft
Valentina Garza & Deidre Shaw
December 8, 2017 (2017-12-08)
0.65[79]

72
8
"Chapter Seventy-Two"
Melanie Mayron
Carolina Rivera & Paul Sciarrotta
January 26, 2018 (2018-01-26)
0.68[80]

73
9
"Chapter Seventy-Three"
Eric Lea
Valentina Garza & Chantelle M. Wells
February 2, 2018 (2018-02-02)
0.67[81]

74
10
"Chapter Seventy-Four"
Gina Rodriguez
Micah Schraft & Paul Sciarrotta
February 9, 2018 (2018-02-09)
0.80[82]

75
11
"Chapter Seventy-Five"
Gina Lamar
Merigan Mulhern
March 2, 2018 (2018-03-02)
0.59[83]

76
12
"Chapter Seventy-Six"
Melanie Mayron
Leah Longoria
March 9, 2018 (2018-03-09)
0.58[84]

77
13
"Chapter Seventy-Seven"
Gina Lamar
Deirdre Shaw & Chantelle M. Wells
March 16, 2018 (2018-03-16)
0.59[85]

78
14
"Chapter Seventy-Eight"
Justin Baldoni
Valentina Garza & Micah Schraft
March 23, 2018 (2018-03-23)
0.65[86]

79
15
"Chapter Seventy-Nine"
Gina Lamar
Paul Sciarrotta
April 6, 2018 (2018-04-06)
0.53[87]

80
16
"Chapter Eighty"[88]
Micah Schraft
Micah Schraft
April 13, 2018 (2018-04-13)
TBD

81
17
"Chapter Eighty-One"[89]
Gina Lamar
Jennie Snyder Urman & Paul Sciarrotta
April 20, 2018 (2018-04-20)
TBD

text: Ratings[edit]


document_title: Holy Mountain (song)

question_text: who plays the tin whistle on holy mountain

text: Holy Mountain (song)

text: Background[edit]

text: The song was premiered on its release day by British radio stations Radio X, BBC Radio 2 and Absolute Radio.[1]

text: Gallagher described the song as being one of his favourite pieces of music he has ever written, saying that it sounds great live and his children love it and his friends children love it.[2]

text: Interviewed by Radio X, Gallagher said: "Holy Mountain is about your nearest and dearest, yeah. How it came about was, one of the first sessions we did, the hook line, the tin whistle thing that is like one of the most catchiest things in the world, is a sample from a track by a brilliantly titled band from the 70s called The Ice Cream, and a track called 'Chewing Gum Kid', don't try and Google it, it's beyond obscure, you'll never find it... "[3]

text: Music video[edit]

text: The official video for "Holy Mountain", directed by Julian House and using the original cameras from Top of the Pops in the 1970s, was released on the band's Vevo account on 11 October 2017.[4]

text: The video sees the band in a room filled with coloured lights and also features animated scenes.

text: Reception[edit]

text: The NME described the song as "a jaunty and vibrant, horn-driven, arena-ready number – with elements of the Vaccines latter day work to its sound.[5]

text: Charts[edit]

text:
Chart (2017)
Peak
position

France (SNEP)[6]
176

Scotland (Official Charts Company)[7]
10

UK Singles (Official Charts Company)[8]
31


document_title: Piccadilly Circus

question_text: what is the statue in piccadilly circus called

text: Piccadilly Circus

text: History[edit]

text: Piccadilly Circus connects to Piccadilly, a thoroughfare whose name first appeared in 1626 as Piccadilly Hall, named after a house belonging to one Robert Baker, a tailor famous for selling piccadills, or piccadillies, a term used for various kinds of collars. The street was known as Portugal Street in 1692 in honour of Catherine of Braganza, the queen consort of King Charles II but was known as Piccadilly by 1743. Piccadilly Circus was created in 1819, at the junction with Regent Street, which was then being built under the planning of John Nash on the site of a house and garden belonging to a Lady Hutton. Around 1858 it was briefly known as Regent's Circus.[2] The circus lost its circular form in 1886 with the construction of Shaftesbury Avenue.

text: The junction has been a very busy traffic interchange since construction, as it lies at the centre of Theatreland and handles exit traffic from Piccadilly, which Charles Dickens, Jr. described in 1879: "Piccadilly, the great thoroughfare leading from the Haymarket and Regent-street westward to Hyde Park-corner, is the nearest approach to the Parisian boulevard of which London can boast."

text: The Piccadilly Circus tube station was opened 10 March 1906, on the Bakerloo line, and on the Piccadilly line in December of that year. In 1928, the station was extensively rebuilt to handle an increase in traffic. The junction's first electric advertisements appeared in 1910, and, from 1923, electric billboards were set up on the façade of the London Pavilion. Traffic lights were first installed on 3 August 1926.

text: During World War II many servicemen's clubs in the West End served American soldiers based in Britain. So many prostitutes roamed the area approaching the soldiers that they received the nickname "Piccadilly Commandos", and both Scotland Yard and the Foreign Office discussed possible damage to Anglo-American relations.[3]

text: At the start of the 1960s, it was determined that the Circus needed to be redeveloped to allow for greater traffic flow. In 1962, Lord Holford presented a plan which would have created a "double-decker" Piccadilly Circus; the upper deck would have been an elevated pedestrian concourse linking the buildings around the perimeter of the Circus, with the lower deck being solely for traffic, most of the ground-level pedestrian areas having been removed to allow for greater vehicle flow. This concept was kept alive throughout the rest of the 1960s. A final scheme in 1972 proposed three octagonal towers (the highest 240 feet (73 m) tall) to replace the Trocadero, the Criterion and the "Monico" buildings.[4] The plans were permanently rejected by Sir Keith Joseph and Ernest Marples; the key reason given was that Holford's scheme only allowed for a 20% increase in traffic, and the Government required 50%.

text: The Holford plan is referenced in the short-form documentary film "Goodbye, Piccadilly", produced by the Rank Organisation in 1967 as part of their Look at Life series when it was still seriously expected that Holford's recommendations would be acted upon. Piccadilly Circus has since escaped major redevelopment, apart from extensive ground-level pedestrianisation around its south side in the 1980s.

text: The Shaftesbury Memorial Fountain in Piccadilly Circus was erected in 1893 to commemorate the philanthropic works of Anthony Ashley Cooper, 7th Earl of Shaftesbury. During the Second World War, the statue atop the Shaftesbury Memorial Fountain was removed and was replaced by advertising hoardings. It was returned in 1948. When the Circus underwent reconstruction work in the late 1980s, the entire fountain was moved from the centre of the junction at the beginning of Shaftesbury Avenue to its present position at the southwestern corner.

text: Location and sights[edit]

text: Piccadilly Circus is surrounded by several major tourist attractions, including the Shaftesbury Memorial, Criterion Theatre, London Pavilion and several major retail stores. Numerous nightclubs, restaurants and bars are located in the area and neighbouring Soho, including the former Chinawhite club.

text: Illuminated signs[edit]

text: Piccadilly Circus was surrounded by illuminated advertising hoardings on buildings, starting in 1908 with a Perrier sign,[5] but only one building now carries them, the one in the northwestern corner between Shaftesbury Avenue and Glasshouse Street. The site is unnamed (usually referred to as "Monico" after the Café Monico, which used to be on the site); its addresses are 44/48 Regent Street, 1/6 Sherwood Street, 17/22 Denman Street and 1/17 Shaftesbury Avenue, and it has been owned by property investor Land Securities Group since the 1970s.

text: The earliest signs used incandescent light bulbs; these were replaced with neon lights and with moving signs (there was a large Guinness clock at one time). The first Neon sign was for the British meat extract Bovril.[6] From December 1998, digital projectors were used for the Coke sign, the square's first digital billboard,[7] while in the 2000s there was a gradual move to LED displays, which completely replaced neon lamps by 2011. The number of signs has reduced over the years as the rental costs have increased.

text: During 2017, the current six advertising screens will be combined into one large ultra-high definition curved Daktronics display, turning the signs off during renovation for the longest time since the 1940s. The current signs were switched off on 16 January 2017, with the new screen expected to take their place in the autumn.[8]

text: As of 2016, the site has six LED advertising screens above three large retail units facing Piccadilly Circus on the north side, occupied by Boots, Gap and a mix of smaller retail, restaurant and office premises fronting the other streets. A Burger King located under the Samsung advert, which had been a Wimpy Bar until 1989, closed in early 2008 and was converted into a Barclays Bank.

text:
Coca-Cola has had a sign at Piccadilly Circus since 1954.[9] The current placed sign dates from September 2003, when the previous digital projector board and the site that had been occupied by Nescafé was replaced with a state-of-the-art LED video display that curves round with the building. Before Nescafé, a neon advertisement for Foster's occupied the spot from 1987 until 1999, and from 1978 to 1987 it was used by Philips Electronics. On 23 November 2007, the first film was broadcast through the board. The screen also displays information about line closures and delays on the London Underground. Paul Atherton's film The Ballet of Change: Piccadilly Circus was allowed five minutes to show the first non-commercial film depicting the history of Piccadilly Circus and the lights. The former, for several months in 2002, replacing the Nescafé sign, was a sign featuring the quote "Imagine all the people living life in peace" by Beatle John Lennon. This was paid for by his widow Yoko Ono, who spent an estimated £150,000 to display an advert at this location.[10]
Hyundai Motors sign launched on 29 September 2011.[11] It replaced a sign for Sanyo which had occupied the space since around early 1988 (slightly modified in 2004), the last to be run by traditional neon lights rather than Hyundai's computerised LED screen. Earlier Sanyo signs with older logos had occupied the position since 1978, although these were only half the size of the current space.[12]
McDonald's added its sign in 1987, replacing one for BASF. The sign was changed from neon to LED in 2001. A bigger, brighter screen was installed by Daktronics in 2008.[13]
Samsung added its sign in November 1994,[14] the space having been previously occupied by Canon (1978–84) and Panasonic (1984–94). The sign was changed from neon to LED in summer 2005. The screen was upgraded and improved in autumn 2011.
One Piccadilly, the highest resolution of all the LED displays was installed by Daktronics, in late 2013, underneath the Samsung and McDonald's signs. It allows other companies to advertise for both short- and long-term leases, increasing the amount of advertising space but using the same screen for multiple brands. Prior to this an earlier, smaller LED screen called Piccadilly Lite occupied the space from 3 December 2007 to 2013. The space has also been occupied by JVC (1978–84), Carlsberg (1984–2003) and Budweiser (2003–07).
The Curve, a similar space to One Picadilly, was added in 2015, replacing a space previously occupied by Schweppes (1920–61), BP (1961–67), Cinzano (1967–78), Fujifilm (1978–86), Kodak (1986–90) and TDK (1990-2015).[15] Burberry is currently using the space as of December 2015.
LG were added in February 2007 on the roof of Coventry House, which diagonally faces Piccadilly Circus.[16] Their sign is a large LED video advertising display for LGE, the British arm of the South Korean electronics group. The new display also incorporates a scrolling ticker of Sky News headlines. Before LG, Vodafone had a neon sign installed on that spot, which displayed both their logo and personal messages that could be submitted on a special website and displayed at a certain time and date.

tag: ul

text: On special occasions the lights are switched off, such as the deaths of Winston Churchill in 1965 and Diana, Princess of Wales in 1997. On 21 June 2007, they were switched off for one hour as part of the Lights Out London campaign.[17]

text: Other companies and brands that have had signs on the site were Bovril, Volkswagen, Max Factor, Wrigley's Spearmint, Skol, Air India and Gold Flake (as Will's Gold Flake Cigarettes).[18]

text: Shaftesbury Memorial and the statue of Anteros[edit]

text: At the southeastern side of the Circus, moved after World War II from its original position in the centre, stands the Shaftesbury Memorial Fountain, erected in 1892–1893 to commemorate the philanthropic works of Lord Shaftesbury, a Victorian politician, philanthropist and social reformer. The subject of the Memorial is the Greek god Anteros and was given the name The Angel of Christian Charity but is generally mistaken for his brother Eros.[19]

text: Criterion Theatre[edit]

text: The Criterion Theatre, a Grade II* listed building, stands on the south side of Piccadilly Circus. Apart from the box office area, the entire theatre, with nearly 600 seats, is underground and is reached by descending a tiled stairway. Columns are used to support both the dress circle and the upper circle, restricting the views of many of the seats inside.

text: The theatre was designed by Thomas Verity and opened as a theatre on 21 March 1874, although original plans were for it to become a concert hall. In 1883, it was forced to close to improve ventilation and to replace gaslights with electric lights and was reopened the following year. The theatre closed in 1989 and was extensively renovated, reopening in October 1992.

text: London Pavilion[edit]

text: On the northeastern side of Piccadilly Circus, on the corner between Shaftesbury Avenue and Coventry Street, is the London Pavilion. The first building bearing the name was built in 1859 and was a music hall. In 1885, Shaftesbury Avenue was built through the former site of the Pavilion, and a new London Pavilion was constructed, which also served as a music hall. In 1924 electric billboards were erected on the side of the building.

text: In 1934, the building underwent significant structural alteration and was converted into a cinema. In 1986, the building was rebuilt, preserving the 1885 facade, and converted into a shopping arcade. In 2000, the building was connected to the neighbouring Trocadero Centre, and signage on the building was altered in 2003 to read "London Trocadero". The basement of the building connects with Piccadilly Circus tube station.

text: Major shops[edit]

text: The former Swan & Edgar department store on the west side of the circus between Piccadilly and Regent Street was built in 1928–29 to a design by Reginald Blomfield.[20] Since the closure of the department store in the early 1980s, the building has been successively the flagship London store of music chains Tower Records, Virgin Megastore and Zavvi. The current occupier is clothing brand The Sting.

text: Lillywhites is a major retailer of sporting goods located on the corner of the circus and Lower Regent Street, next to the Shaftesbury fountain. It moved to its present site in 1925. Lillywhites is popular with tourists, and they regularly offer sale items, including international football jerseys up to 90% off. Nearby Fortnum & Mason is often considered to be part of the Piccadilly Circus shopping area and is known for its expansive food hall.[21]

text: Underground station and the Bakerloo and Piccadilly lines[edit]

text: The Piccadilly Circus station on the London Underground is located directly beneath Piccadilly Circus itself, with entrances at every corner. It is one of the few stations which have no associated buildings above ground and is fully underground. The below ground concourse and subway entrances are Grade II listed.[22]

text: The station is on the Piccadilly line between Green Park and Leicester Square, and the Bakerloo line between Charing Cross and Oxford Circus.

text: Demonstrations[edit]

text: The Circus' status as a high-profile public space has made it the destination for numerous political demonstrations, including the February 15, 2003 anti-war protest[23] and the "Carnival Against Capitalism" protest against the 39th G8 summit in 2013.[24]

text: Popular culture[edit]

text: The phrase it's like Piccadilly Circus is commonly used in the UK to refer to a place or situation which is extremely busy with people. It has been said that a person who stays long enough at Piccadilly Circus will eventually bump into everyone they know. Probably because of this connection, during World War II, "Piccadilly Circus" was the code name given to the Allies' D-Day invasion fleet's assembly location in the English Channel.[25]

text: Piccadilly Circus has inspired artists and musicians. Piccadilly Circus (1912) is the name and subject of a painting by British artist Charles Ginner, part of the Tate Britain collection. Sculptor Paul McCarthy also has a 320-page two-volume edition of video stills by the name of Piccadilly Circus. Bob Marley mentioned Piccadilly Circus in his song "Kinky Reggae", on the Catch a Fire album from 1973.

text: L. S. Lowry R.A painting 'Piccadilly Circus, London' (1960), part of Lord Charles Forte's collection for almost three decades,[26] sold for £5,641,250 when auctioned for the first time at Christie's 20th Century British & Irish Art sale on 16 November 2011.[27]


document_title: Being Mary Jane

question_text: when was the last episode of being mary jane

text: Being Mary Jane

text: Series overview[edit]

text:
Season
Episodes
Originally aired

First aired
Last aired

1
9
July 2, 2013 (2013-07-02)
February 25, 2014 (2014-02-25)

2
12
February 3, 2015 (2015-02-03)
April 14, 2015 (2015-04-14)

3
10
October 20, 2015 (2015-10-20)
December 15, 2015 (2015-12-15)

4
20
10
January 10, 2017 (2017-01-10)
March 21, 2017 (2017-03-21)

10
July 18, 2017 (2017-07-18)
September 19, 2017 (2017-09-19)

text: Cast and characters[edit]

text: Regular cast[edit]

text:
Gabrielle Union as Pauletta ("Mary Jane Paul") Patterson: a successful TV news anchor for Satellite News Channel (SNC) who remains devoted to a family that doesn't share her motivation as she juggles her life, her relationships, her work, and commitments.
Lisa Vidal as Kara Lynch: the executive producer of the Talkback (Mary Jane's show) at SNC and Mary Jane's best friend.
Margaret Avery as Helen Patterson: Mary Jane's overprotective mother, who is battling lupus.
Latarsha Rose as Dr. Lisa Hudson: Mary Jane's best friend since elementary school, an OB/GYN. (Seasons 1-3)
Aaron D. Spears as Mark Bradley: a co-anchor at the newsroom and the closeted gay friend of Mary Jane. (Seasons 1-3)
Richard Brooks as Patrick Patterson: Mary Jane's older, less-motivated brother.
B.J. Britt as Paul Patterson, Jr.: Mary Jane's responsible younger brother.
Raven Goodwin as Niecy Patterson: Mary Jane's niece; Patrick Patterson's daughter, who is also a mother.
Richard Roundtree as Paul Patterson, Sr.: Mary Jane's compassionate father.
Omari Hardwick as Andre Daniels: Mary Jane's married love interest. (Season 1)[16]
Stephen Bishop as David Paulk - Mary Jane's playboy love interest. (Seasons 2-3; recurring Season 1)

text: Recurring cast[edit]

text:
Robinne Lee as Avery Daniels - Andre's wife, who learns of her husband's affair with Mary Jane. (Season 1)
Tatom Pender as Tracy - Patrick's girlfriend and mother of their child.
Madison Alsobrook as D'Asia - Patrick's daughter (Season 4). Formerly Navia Robinson (Seasons 1-3)
Brély Evans as Nichelle - Mary Jane's friend and publicist to the stars.
Kelly Rutherford as Cynthia Phillips (Seasons 1-2)
Ryan Homchick as Lance (Season 1-3)
Salli Richardson as Valerie (Season 2)
Gary Dourdan as Sheldon (Season 2)
Kyle Massey as Cameron (Season 2)
Loretta Devine as Cece (Season 3)
Daniella Alonso as Marisol Esparza (Season 3)
Thomas Jones as Brandon (Season 3)
Paul Rolfes as Aaron Felty (Seasons 3-4)
Michael Ealy as Justin Talbot (Season 4)
Chiké Okonkwo as Lee Truitt (Season 4)
Valarie Pettiford as Ronda Sales (Season 4)
Ashton Holmes as Garrett (Season 4)
Julian Walker as Ty (Season 4)
Cesar Cipriano as Dante (Season 4)
Tian Richards as Jovan (Season 4)

text: Guest stars[edit]

text:
Jasmine Dustin as Ana Hoem (Season 1)
Lesley-Ann Brandt as Tamiko Roberts (Season 1)
Sheila Frazier as Catherine Stafford (Season 1)
Darrin Dewitt Henson (Season 1)
Lorraine Toussaint as Aunt Toni, Paul's younger sister and Mary Jane's aunt (Season 1)
Wayne Brady as Sean Anders (Season 1)
Ludacris as Terrence Mitchell (Season 1)
Dorian Missick as Detective Cedric Rawlins (Season 1)
Frances Burnett as Dana Shultz (Season 1)
India Arie as herself (Season 2)
Christina Vidal as Lilly (Season 2) (Christina Vidal plays the sister of Kara, played by her real-life sister Lisa)
Nina Parker (season 3, episode 6)
Jill Scott (season 3, episode 5)
Kelly Rowland as Robin (season 3, episode 6)
Tamar Braxton as Herself (season 3, episode 10)
Adrienne Bailon as Herself (season 3, episode 10)
Ava DuVernay (Season 1)
Cardi B (Season 4)
Loren "Lo London" Jordan (Season 4)
Dave East (Season 4)

text: Production[edit]

text: The show was originally to be called Single Black Female.[17] The series centers on successful broadcast journalist Mary Jane Paul (played by Gabrielle Union) and her professional and private family life while searching for "Mr. Right":

text: Mary Jane Paul has it all: she's a successful TV news anchor, entirely self-sufficient – an all-around powerhouse who remains devoted to a family that doesn’t share her motivation. As Mary Jane juggles her life, her work and her commitment to her family, we find out how far she's willing to go to find the puzzle pieces that she, and society, insist are missing from her life as a single Black female.[18]

text: Omari Hardwick plays a potential Mr. Right. Other cast members include Latarsha Rose, Lisa Vidal, Aaron D. Spears, Richard Roundtree, Margaret Avery, Richard Brooks, Tika Sumpter, Raven Goodwin, B.J. Britt, and Robinne Lee.[18]

text: The series is produced by Mara Brock Akil, who produced BET's most successful series ever, The Game, and the romantic comedy film Jumping the Broom. The pilot episode was filmed in April 2012 at 780 N. Highland Ave. in the Virginia Highland neighborhood of Atlanta.[19][20][21]

text: On September 12, 2013, BET renewed Being Mary Jane for a second season, before the first season premiered.[6] The second season premiered on February 3, 2015, and on February 5 the series was renewed for a third season,[22] which premiered October 20, 2015.

text: Controversy[edit]

text: In 2016, Gabrielle Union sued BET for allegedly depriving her of agreed upon compensation.[23]


document_title: List of Philadelphia 76ers seasons

question_text: when was the last time the 76ers won a game

text: List of Philadelphia 76ers seasons

text: Seasons[edit]

text:
League championships

Conference championships

Division titles

Playoff berth

text:
Season

Team

League

Conference

Finish

Division

Finish

Wins

Losses

Win%

GB

Playoffs

Awards

Syracuse Nationals

1949–50

1949–50

NBA

—

—

Eastern

1st

51

13

.797

—

Won Division Semifinals (Warriors) 2–0Won Division Finals (Knicks) 2–1Lost NBA Finals (Lakers) 4–2

1950–51

1950–51

NBA

—

—

Eastern

4th

32

34

.485

8

Won Division Semifinals (Warriors) 2–0Lost Division Finals (Knicks) 3–2

1951–52

1951–52

NBA

—

—

Eastern

1st

40

26

.606

—

Won Division Semifinals (Warriors) 2–1Lost Division Finals (Knicks) 3–1

1952–53

1952–53

NBA

—

—

Eastern

2nd

47

24

.662

0.5

Lost Division Semifinals (Celtics) 2–0

1953–54

1953–54

NBA

—

—

Eastern

T-2nd

42

30

.583

2

Won Division Finals (Celtics) 2–0Lost NBA Finals (Lakers) 4–3

1954–55

1954–55

NBA

—

—

Eastern

1st

43

29

.597

—

Won Division Finals (Celtics) 3–1Won NBA Finals (Pistons) 4–3

1955–56

1955–56

NBA

—

—

Eastern

3rd

35

37

.486

10

Won Division Semifinals (Celtics) 2–1Lost Division Finals (Warriors) 3–2

1956–57

1956–57

NBA

—

—

Eastern

2nd

38

34

.528

6

Won Division Semifinals (Warriors) 2–0Lost Division Finals (Celtics) 3–0

1957–58

1957–58

NBA

—

—

Eastern

2nd

41

31

.569

8

Lost Division Semifinals (Warriors) 2–1

1958–59

1958–59

NBA

—

—

Eastern

3rd

35

37

.486

17

Won Division Semifinals (Knicks) 2–0Lost Division Finals (Celtics) 4–3

1959–60

1959–60

NBA

—

—

Eastern

3rd

45

30

.600

14

Lost Division Semifinals (Warriors) 2–1

1960–61

1960–61

NBA

—

—

Eastern

3rd

38

41

.481

19

Won Division Semifinals (Warriors) 3–0Lost Division Finals (Celtics) 4–1

1961–62

1961–62

NBA

—

—

Eastern

3rd

41

39

.513

19

Lost Division Semifinals (Warriors) 3–2

1962–63

1962–63

NBA

—

—

Eastern

2nd

48

32

.600

10

Lost Division Semifinals (Royals) 3–2

Philadelphia 76ers

1963–64

1963–64

NBA

—

—

Eastern

3rd

34

46

.425

25

Lost Division Semifinals (Royals) 3–2

1964–65

1964–65

NBA

—

—

Eastern

3rd

40

40

.500

22

Won Division Semifinals (Royals) 3–1Lost Division Finals (Celtics) 4–3

1965–66

1965–66

NBA

—

—

Eastern

1st

55

25

.688

—

Lost Division Finals (Celtics) 4–1

Wilt Chamberlain (MVP)  Dolph Schayes (CoY)

1966–67

1966–67

NBA

—

—

Eastern

1st

68

13

.840

—

Won Division Semifinals (Royals) 3–1Won Division Finals (Celtics) 4–1Won NBA Finals (Warriors) 4–2

Wilt Chamberlain (MVP)

1967–68

1967–68

NBA

—

—

Eastern

1st

62

20

.756

—

Won Division Semifinals (Knicks) 4–2Lost Division Finals (Celtics) 4–3

Wilt Chamberlain (MVP)

1968–69

1968–69

NBA

—

—

Eastern

2nd

55

27

.671

2

Lost Division Semifinals (Celtics) 4–1

1969–70

1969–70

NBA

—

—

Eastern

4th

42

40

.512

18

Lost Division Semifinals (Bucks) 4–1

1970–71

1970–71

NBA

Eastern

3rd

Atlantic[note 2]

2nd

47

35

.573

5

Lost Conference Semifinals (Bullets) 4–3

1971–72

1971–72

NBA

Eastern

6th

Atlantic

3rd

30

52

.366

26

—

1972–73

1972–73

NBA

Eastern

8th

Atlantic

4th

9

73

.110

59

—

1973–74

1973–74

NBA

Eastern

8th

Atlantic

4th

25

57

.305

31

—

1974–75

1974–75

NBA

Eastern

7th

Atlantic

4th

34

48

.415

26

—

1975–76

1975–76

NBA

Eastern

4th

Atlantic

2nd

46

36

.561

8

Lost First Round (Braves) 2–1

1976–77

1976–77

NBA

Eastern

1st

Atlantic

1st

50

32

.610

—

Won Conference Semifinals (Celtics) 4–3Won Conference Finals (Rockets) 4–2Lost NBA Finals (Trail Blazers) 4–2

1977–78

1977–78

NBA

Eastern

1st

Atlantic

1st

55

27

.671

—

Won Conference Semifinals (Knicks) 4–0Lost Conference Finals (Bullets) 4–2

1978–79

1978–79

NBA

Eastern

3rd

Atlantic

2nd

47

35

.573

7

Won First Round (Nets) 2–0Lost Conference Semifinals (Spurs) 4–3

1979–80

1979–80

NBA

Eastern

3rd

Atlantic

2nd

59

23

.720

2

Won First Round (Bullets) 2–0Won Conference Semifinals (Hawks) 4–1Won Conference Finals (Celtics) 4–1Lost NBA Finals (Lakers) 4–2

1980–81

1980–81

NBA

Eastern

3rd

Atlantic

2nd

62

20

.756

—

Won First Round (Pacers) 2–0Won Conference Semifinals (Bucks) 4–3Lost Conference Finals (Celtics) 4–3

Julius Erving (MVP)

1981–82

1981–82

NBA

Eastern

3rd

Atlantic

2nd

58

24

.707

5

Won First Round (Hawks) 2–0Won Conference Semifinals (Bucks) 4–2Won Conference Finals (Celtics) 4–3Lost NBA Finals (Lakers) 4–2

1982–83

1982–83

NBA

Eastern

1st

Atlantic

1st

65

17

.793

—

Won Conference Semifinals (Knicks) 4–0Won Conference Finals (Bucks) 4–1Won NBA Finals (Lakers) 4–0

Moses Malone (MVP, FMVP)  Bobby Jones (SMoY)  Julius Erving (JWKC)

1983–84

1983–84

NBA

Eastern

3rd

Atlantic

2nd

52

30

.634

10

Lost First Round (Nets) 3–2

1984–85

1984–85

NBA

Eastern

3rd

Atlantic

2nd

58

24

.707

5

Won First Round (Bullets) 3–1Won Conference Semifinals (Bucks) 4–0Lost Conference Finals (Celtics) 4–1

1985–86

1985–86

NBA

Eastern

3rd

Atlantic

2nd

54

28

.659

13

Won First Round (Bullets) 3–2Lost Conference Semifinals (Bucks) 4–3

1986–87

1986–87

NBA

Eastern

5th

Atlantic

2nd

45

37

.549

14

Lost First Round (Bucks) 3–2

1987–88

1987–88

NBA

Eastern

10th

Atlantic

4th

36

46

.439

21

—

1988–89

1988–89

NBA

Eastern

7th

Atlantic

2nd

46

36

.561

6

Lost First Round (Knicks) 3–0

1989–90

1989–90

NBA

Eastern

3rd

Atlantic

1st

53

29

.646

—

Won First Round (Cavaliers) 3–2Lost Conference Semifinals (Bulls) 4–1

1990–91

1990–91

NBA

Eastern

5th

Atlantic

2nd

44

38

.537

12

Won First Round (Bucks) 3–0Lost Conference Semifinals (Bulls) 4–1

1991–92

1991–92

NBA

Eastern

10th

Atlantic

5th

35

47

.427

16

—

1992–93

1992–93

NBA

Eastern

13th

Atlantic

6th

26

56

.317

34

—

Dana Barros (MIP)

1993–94

1993–94

NBA

Eastern

11th

Atlantic

6th

25

57

.305

32

—

1994–95

1994–95

NBA

Eastern

13th

Atlantic

6th

24

58

.293

33

—

1995–96

1995–96

NBA

Eastern

15th

Atlantic

7th

18

64

.220

42

—

1996–97

1996–97

NBA

Eastern

14th

Atlantic

6th

22

60

.268

39

—

Allen Iverson (RoY)

1997–98

1997–98

NBA

Eastern

14th

Atlantic

7th

31

51

.378

24

—

1998–99[note 3][7]

1998–99

NBA

Eastern

6th

Atlantic

3rd

28

22

.560

5

Won First Round (Magic) 3–1Lost Conference Semifinals (Pacers) 4–0

1999–00

1999–00

NBA

Eastern

5th

Atlantic

3rd

49

33

.598

3

Won First Round (Hornets) 3–1Lost Conference Semifinals (Pacers) 4–2

2000–01

2000–01

NBA

Eastern

1st

Atlantic

1st

56

26

.683

—

Won First Round (Pacers) 3–1Won Conference Semifinals (Raptors) 4–3Won Conference Finals (Bucks) 4–3Lost NBA Finals (Lakers) 4–1

Allen Iverson (MVP)  Dikembe Mutombo (DPoY, JWKC)  Aaron McKie (SMoY)  Larry Brown (CoY)

2001–02

2001–02

NBA

Eastern

6th

Atlantic

4th

43

39

.524

9

Lost First Round (Celtics) 3–2

2002–03

2002–03

NBA

Eastern

4th

Atlantic

2nd

48

34

.585

1

Won First Round (Hornets) 4–2Lost Conference Semifinals (Pistons) 4–2

2003–04

2003–04

NBA

Eastern

11th

Atlantic

5th

33

49

.402

14

—

2004–05

2004–05

NBA

Eastern

7th

Atlantic

2nd

43

39

.524

2

Lost First Round (Pistons) 4–1

2005–06

2005–06

NBA

Eastern

9th

Atlantic

2nd

38

44

.463

11

—

2006–07

2006–07

NBA

Eastern

9th

Atlantic

3rd

35

47

.427

12

—

2007–08

2007–08

NBA

Eastern

7th

Atlantic

3rd

40

42

.488

26

Lost First Round (Pistons) 4–2

2008–09

2008–09

NBA

Eastern

6th

Atlantic

2nd

41

41

.500

21

Lost First Round (Magic) 4–2

2009–10

2009–10

NBA

Eastern

13th

Atlantic

4th

27

55

.329

23

—

Samuel Dalembert (JWKC)

2010–11

2010–11

NBA

Eastern

7th

Atlantic

3rd

41

41

.500

15

Lost First Round (Heat) 4–1

2011–12[note 4]

2011–12

NBA

Eastern

8th

Atlantic

3rd

35

31

.530

4

Won First Round (Bulls) 4–2Lost Conference Semifinals (Celtics) 4–3

2012–13

2012–13

NBA

Eastern

9th

Atlantic

4th

34

48

.415

20

—

2013–14

2013–14

NBA

Eastern

14th

Atlantic

5th

19

63

.232

29

—

Michael Carter-Williams (RoY)

2014–15

2014–15

NBA

Eastern

14th

Atlantic

4th

18

64

.220

31

—

2015–16

2015–16

NBA

Eastern

15th

Atlantic

5th

10

72

.122

46

—

2016–17

2016–17

NBA

Eastern

14th

Atlantic

4th

28

54

.341

25

—

2017–18

2017–18

NBA

Eastern

3rd

Atlantic

3rd

52

30

.634

7

Won First Round (Heat) 4–1Lost Conference Semifinals (Celtics) 4–1

Ben Simmons (RoY)

Regular season**
2,754
2,632
.511
47 playoff berths11 division titles3 conference titles

Playoffs

217

205

.514

9 Conference Championships3 NBA Championships

text: *Current Season

text: **Not including current season

text: Notes[edit]

text:
Jump up ^ The 1992–93 Dallas Mavericks actually had a point differential of -15.2, and the 2011–12 Bobcats of -13.9, vis-à-vis the 1972–73 76ers -12.1 and 2015–16 76ers -10.2

Jump up ^ The Eastern Division was renamed the Eastern Conference, and split into the Atlantic and Central divisions.

Jump up ^ Due to a lockout, the season did not start until February 5, 1999, and all 29 teams played a shortened 50 game regular season schedule.

Jump up ^ Due to a lockout, the season did not start until December 25, 2011, and all 30 teams played a shortened 66 game regular season schedule.

text: Sources[edit]

text:
NBA History, nba.com. NBA Media Ventures, LLC. Retrieved 2009-09-06.
Philadelphia 76ers, basketball-reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 2009-09-06.
Playoff Index, basketball-reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 2009-09-06.


document_title: Neil Curtis

question_text: who played neil curtis on days of our lives

text: Neil Curtis

text:
Neil Curtis

Days of Our Lives character

Portrayed by

Ben Archibek (1974)
Joseph Gallison (1974–91)

Duration
1974–91

First appearance
January 10, 1974

Last appearance
October 16, 1991

Created by
William J. Bell

Introduced by
Betty Corday

Classification
Former; regular

Profile

Occupation
Doctor

[show]Family

Father
Nathan Curtis

Spouse

Phyllis Anderson (1975–79)
Marie Horton (1983)
Liz Chandler (1984–87)
Anjelica Deveraux (1988–89)

Children
Nathan Curtis
Sarah Horton
Noelle Curtis

First cousins
Peter Curtis

text: Neil Curtis is a fictional character from the television drama Days of Our Lives. He was portrayed by Joseph Gallison from February 13, 1974, to October 16, 1991.

text: Neil was a doctor and a compulsive gambler.

text: He was last seen talking about Carly with Victor; then Neil said he was leaving because he had patients to see. The character then disappeared without explanation.


document_title: Deep South's Oldest Rivalry

question_text: when was the last time auburn beat georgia

text: Deep South's Oldest Rivalry

text: Series history[edit]

text: The first college football game between Auburn University and the University of Georgia was played on February 20, 1892 in Piedmont Park in Atlanta, Georgia.[4] The game was the brainchild of Charles Herty of Georgia – the University's first football coach and George Petrie, Auburn's Trainer. The two had met as graduate school classmates at The Johns Hopkins University.[4] The game was also, according to legend, when Auburn's team cheer, "War Eagle", originated. Auburn won the game 10–0.

text: The Tigers and Bulldogs have played each other nearly every year since. There have only been three exceptions since 1898, when World War I and World War II interrupted the series. Through the 2017 season, the rivalry is tied for the second most played college football series at 122 games, and is led by Georgia 58–56–8. When the Southeastern Conference split into its Eastern Division and Western Division in 1992, with Auburn placed in the west and Georgia in the east, the game was designated as the teams' annual cross-divisional rivalry game, leaving open the possibility for the two teams to meet in the SEC Championship Game. This happened for the first time in 2017, when Georgia beat Auburn 28-7 to claim their 13th SEC championship.

text: Game results[edit]

text:
Auburn victories
Georgia victories
Ties

text:
No.
Date
Location
Winner
Score

1
February 20, 1892
Atlanta, GA
Auburn
10–0

2
November 24, 1894
Atlanta, GA
Georgia
10–8

3
November 28, 1895
Atlanta, GA
Auburn
16–6

4
November 26, 1896
Atlanta, GA
Georgia
12–6

5
November 24, 1898
Atlanta, GA
Auburn
18–17

6
November 18, 1899
Atlanta, GA
Tie
0–0

7
November 30, 1900
Atlanta, GA
Auburn
44–0

8
November 27, 1901
Atlanta, GA
Tie
0–0

9
November 27, 1902
Atlanta, GA
Georgia
12–5

10
November 26, 1903
Atlanta, GA
Georgia
22–13

11
November 24, 1904
Macon, GA
Auburn
17–6

12
November 30, 1905
Macon, GA
Auburn
20–0

13
November 29, 1906
Macon, GA
Georgia
4–0

14
November 30, 1907
Macon, GA
Georgia
6–0

15
November 27, 1908
Montgomery, AL
Auburn
23–0

16
November 25, 1909
Montgomery, AL
Auburn
17–5

17
November 24, 1910
Savannah, GA
Auburn
26–0

18
November 29, 1911
Savannah, GA
Tie
0–0

19
November 28, 1912
Athens, GA
Georgia
12–6

20
November 22, 1913
Atlanta, GA
Auburn
21–7

21
November 21, 1914
Atlanta, GA
Tie
0–0

22
October 30, 1915
Atlanta, GA
Auburn
12–0

23
November 4, 1916
Columbus, GA
Auburn
3–0

24
November 1, 1919
Columbus, GA
Auburn
7–0

25
October 30, 1920
Columbus, GA
Georgia
7–0

26
October 29, 1921
Columbus, GA
Georgia
7–0

27
November 4, 1922
Columbus, GA
Auburn
7–3

28
November 3, 1923
Columbus, GA
Georgia
7–0

29
November 15, 1924
Columbus, GA
Georgia
6–0

30
November 7, 1925
Columbus, GA
Georgia
34–0

31
November 6, 1926
Columbus, GA
Georgia
16–0

32
October 22, 1927
Columbus, GA
Georgia
33–3

33
November 3, 1928
Columbus, GA
Georgia
13–0

34
November 15, 1929
Athens, GA
Georgia
24–0

35
November 25, 1930
Columbus, GA
Georgia
39–7

36
November 21, 1931
Columbus, GA
Georgia
12–6

37
November 19, 1932
Columbus, GA
Auburn
14–7

38
November 18, 1933
Columbus, GA
Auburn
14–6

39
November 24, 1934
Columbus, GA
Georgia
18–0

40
November 23, 1935
Columbus, GA
Auburn
19–7

41
October 24, 1936
Columbus, GA
Auburn
20–13

42
November 20, 1937
Columbus, GA
Tie
0–0

43
November 19, 1938
Columbus, GA
Auburn
23–14

44
November 25, 1939
Columbus, GA
Auburn
7–0

45
November 2, 1940
Columbus, GA
Georgia
14–13

46
November 1, 1941
Columbus, GA
Georgia
7–0

47
November 21, 1942
Columbus, GA
Auburn
27–13

48
November 18, 1944
Columbus, GA
Georgia
49–13

49
November 17, 1945
Columbus, GA
Georgia
35–0

50
November 16, 1946
Columbus, GA
#3 Georgia
41–0

51
November 15, 1947
Columbus, GA
Georgia
28–6

52
November 13, 1948
Columbus, GA
#13 Georgia
42–14

53
November 12, 1949
Columbus, GA
Tie
20–20

54
November 18, 1950
Columbus, GA
Georgia
12–10

55
November 21, 1951
Columbus, GA
Georgia
46–14

56
November 15, 1952
Columbus, GA
Georgia
13–7

57
November 14, 1953
Columbus, GA
#20 Auburn
39–18

58
November 13, 1954
Columbus, GA
Auburn
35–0

59
November 12, 1955
Columbus, GA
#12 Auburn
16–13

60
November 17, 1956
Columbus, GA
Auburn
20–0

61
November 16, 1957
Columbus, GA
#3 Auburn
6–0

62
November 15, 1958
Columbus, GA
#4 Auburn
21–6

No.
Date
Location
Winner
Score

63
November 14, 1959
Athens, GA
#12 Georgia
14–13

64
November 12, 1960
Auburn, AL
#10 Auburn
9–6

65
November 18, 1961
Athens, GA
Auburn
10–7

66
November 17, 1962
Auburn, AL
Georgia
30–21

67
November 16, 1963
Athens, GA
#9 Auburn
14–0

68
November 14, 1964
Auburn, AL
Auburn
14–7

69
November 13, 1965
Athens, GA
Auburn
21–9

70
November 16, 1966
Auburn, AL
#9 Georgia
21–13

71
November 18, 1967
Athens, GA
Georgia
17–0

72
November 16, 1968
Auburn, AL
#5 Georgia
17–3

73
November 15, 1969
Athens, GA
#11 Auburn
16–3

74
November 14, 1970
Auburn, AL
Georgia
31–17

75
November 13, 1971
Athens, GA
#6 Auburn
35–20

76
November 18, 1972
Auburn, AL
#11 Auburn
27–10

77
November 17, 1973
Athens, GA
Georgia
28–14

78
November 16, 1974
Auburn, AL
#7 Auburn
17–13

79
November 15, 1975
Athens, GA
#20 Georgia
28–13

80
November 13, 1976
Auburn, AL
#7 Georgia
28–0

81
November 12, 1977
Athens, GA
Auburn
33–14

82
November 18, 1978
Auburn, AL
Tie
22–22

83
November 17, 1979
Athens, GA
#15 Auburn
33–13

84
November 15, 1980
Auburn, AL
#1 Georgia
31–21

85
November 14, 1981
Athens, GA
#4 Georgia
24–13

86
November 13, 1982
Auburn, AL
#1 Georgia
19–14

87
November 12, 1983
Athens, GA
#3 Auburn
13–7

88
November 17, 1984
Auburn, AL
#18 Auburn
21–12

89
November 13, 1985
Athens, GA
#14 Auburn
24–10

90
November 15, 1986
Auburn, AL
Georgia
20–16

91
November 13, 1987
Athens, GA
#12 Auburn
27–11

92
November 12, 1988
Auburn, AL
#9 Auburn
20–10

93
November 18, 1989
Athens, GA
#11 Auburn
20–3

94
November 17, 1990
Auburn, AL
#24 Auburn
33–10

95
November 18, 1991
Athens, GA
Georgia
37–27

96
November 14, 1992
Auburn, AL
#12 Georgia
14–10

97
November 13, 1993
Athens, GA
#7 Auburn
42–28

98
November 12, 1994
Auburn, AL
Tie
23–23

99
November 11, 1995
Athens, GA
#20 Auburn
37–31

100
November 16, 1996
Auburn, AL
Georgia
56–49

101
November 15, 1997
Athens, GA
#16 Auburn
45–34

102
November 14, 1998
Auburn, AL
#17 Georgia
28–17

103
November 13, 1999
Athens, GA
Auburn
38–21

104
November 11, 2000
Auburn, AL
#22 Auburn
29–26

105
November 10, 2001
Athens, GA
#24 Auburn
24–17

106
November 16, 2002
Auburn, AL
#7 Georgia
24–21

107
November 15, 2003
Athens, GA
#7 Georgia
26–7

108
November 13, 2004
Auburn, AL
#3 Auburn
24–6

109
November 12, 2005
Athens, GA
#15 Auburn
31–30

110
November 11, 2006
Auburn, AL
Georgia
37–15

111
November 10, 2007
Athens, GA
#10 Georgia
45–20

112
November 15, 2008
Auburn, AL
#13 Georgia
17–13

113
November 14, 2009
Athens, GA
Georgia
31–24

114
November 13, 2010
Auburn, AL
#2 Auburn
49–31

115
November 12, 2011
Athens, GA
#14 Georgia
45–7

116
November 10, 2012
Auburn, AL
#5 Georgia
38–0

117
November 16, 2013
Auburn, AL
#7 Auburn
43–38

118
November 15, 2014
Athens, GA
#16 Georgia
34–7

119
November 14, 2015
Auburn, AL
Georgia
20–13

120
November 12, 2016
Athens, GA
Georgia
13–7

121
November 11, 2017
Auburn, AL
#10 Auburn
40–17

122
December 2, 2017
Atlanta, GAA
#6 Georgia
28–7

Series: Georgia leads 58–56–8

text: A The game played on December 2, 2017 was the 2017 SEC Championship Game, and was the second time the Tigers and Bulldogs meet in the 2017 season.

text: Series record sources: 2011 Auburn Football Media Guide,[5] 2011 Georgia Football Media Guide,[6] College Football Data Warehouse,[7]

text: Notable games[edit]

text: In 1892, The two schools met in the first meeting in what is now the Deep South’s oldest college football rivalry. Auburn won the game 10-0. One Atlanta newspaper called it the “social event of the year.”

text: In 1896, Georgia won by a 12-6 score to finish its first undefeated season under Pop Warner. For Auburn, the game featured Reynolds Tichenor's brilliant punt returns.[8]

text: In 1899, by all accounts Auburn was leading Georgia by a score of 11-6 when the game was called due to darkness, lighting not being available at that time, resulting in an official 0-0 tie.[9][10] As noted by sideline reporters for The Atlanta Constitution "The conditions that appeared to make the ruling of Referee Rowbotham a necessity were such as should never have occurred on any gridiron that has the advantage of police protection. As darkness came on it was impossible in the bleachers and grand stand to distinguish the play and with no obstacle in the way the crowd surged into the field mingled with the players and made further progress a matter of impossibility.[11]" Fifteen minutes prior to the decision, Auburn coach, John Heisman, made an official request to call the game for the same reason.[11] The decision was backed by Umpire Taylor. "In the decision that made the game a tie the referee was backed up by Umpire Taylor of Birmingham who, although a Just official has always been regarded by many as a friend of Auburn.[11]"

text: In 1902, Rufus Nalley dies in Atlanta after a short, serious illness.[12] According to some, the last thing that he heard before losing consciousness on November 27, was that Georgia had beaten Auburn earlier that day, news that caused him to smile. It was the first victory for Georgia in the rivalry since the 1896 team for which Nalley played.[13]

text: In 1916, Auburn won 3-0 in the mud on a 40-yard field goal in the fourth quarter by Moon Ducote kicked off of teammate Legare Hairston's leather helmet, in Columbus's McClung Stadium.[14] This precipitated the rule which states the ball must be kicked directly off the ground.[15]

text: In 1920 Georgia upset Auburn 7-0 when Auburn was fresh off a 56-6 beatdown of Vanderbilt.

text: In 1942, Georgia won the national championship with an 11-1 record, beating UCLA in the 1943 Rose Bowl, Georgia lone loss came to Auburn, falling 27-13 at Columbus's Memorial Stadium.

text: On November 14, 1959, at Sanford Stadium in Athens, as time ran short, Georgia player and future Auburn head-coach Pat Dye recovered a fumble by Auburn quarterback Bryant Harvard. Georgia quarterback Fran Tarkenton's touchdown pass in the final seconds gave Georgia a 14-13 victory and cost Auburn a Southeastern Conference championship. Georgia went on to claim the 1959 SEC Championship and the 1960 Orange Bowl Championship with a victory over Missouri in Miami.

text: In 1983, again at Sanford Stadium, Pat Dye celebrated his first SEC championship as Auburn's coach after the Tigers beat Georgia 13-7 on November 12. Georgia coach Vince Dooley, a former star Auburn quarterback, was there too on that day in 1959 as an assistant on Shug Jordan's staff.

text: In 1986, the Bulldogs visited Auburn as three-touchdown underdogs. Auburn was two wins away from the SEC Championship, with only one blemish on their record, an 18-17 setback at Florida. Georgia escaped with a 20-16 victory. When Georgia fans stormed the field of Jordan–Hare Stadium and started tearing the turf from midfield and refused to leave, they were doused by sprinkler system and fire hoses.

text: In 1994, Georgia ended Auburn's 20-game winning streak with a 23-23 tie at Jordan-Hare. The Sunday morning headline in nearby Columbus, Ga read "UGA beats Auburn 23-23".[citation needed]

text: In 1996, the two teams played in the first Southeastern Conference football game to go into overtime. First-year head coach Jim Donnan's team was down 28-7 at halftime, before rallying to tie it at 28 on a 30-yard touchdown as time expired from Mike Bobo to Cory Allen, and Georgia went on to win 56-49 in four overtimes. This game was also famous for the incident in which Uga V lunged at Auburn wide receiver Robert Baker after a first-quarter touchdown.[16]

text: In 1999, Auburn coach Tommy Tuberville got his first signature win, as the underdog Tigers led 31-0 at halftime and cruised to a 38-21 victory.

text: In 2001, #19 Georgia had a chance to force overtime after getting possession back at the Auburn 45-yard line with 1:10 remaining and no timeouts. The Bulldogs drove down to the goal line with 16 seconds left, but rather than spiking the ball to save time off the game clock, they inexplicably called for a handoff up the middle for no gain. Time expired before Georgia was trying to hurry up on offense, and the Bulldogs lost to the #24 Tigers 24-17.

text: In 2002, #7 Georgia traveled to #22 Auburn with a spot in the SEC Championship game and an outside chance at the national title on the line. Auburn led 14-3 at halftime, thanks to a 53-yard touchdown run from Ronnie Brown. Georgia rallied to make it 21-17 Tigers with 1:25 remaining when they faced a 4th and 15 from the Auburn 19. QB David Greene threw up a prayer, and Michael Johnson caught the pass over Auburn CB Horace Willis to come away with the improbable touchdown. Georgia defeated Auburn 24-21 to secure a spot in their first SEC Championship Game. The Bulldogs defeated Arkansas 30-3 to win their first SEC Championship since 1982. The Bulldogs finished the season 13-1 with a victory over Florida State in the Sugar Bowl, and a #3 final ranking.

text: In 2004, #8 Georgia traveled to undefeated and #3 Auburn in 2004. The Tigers were eyeing their first SEC Championship since splitting the title in 1989 (note: Auburn was on probation in 1993 and ineligible for the championship), as well as a spot in the BCS National Championship Game. The Tigers won 24-6 on their way to a 13-0 season, ending with a 16-13 victory over Virginia Tech in the Sugar Bowl and a No. 2 national ranking.

text: In 2007, the game marked the first time in the modern era that Georgia wore black jerseys. It also marked the first time that Georgia defeated Florida and Auburn in the same season since 1982 [1], and the first time that Georgia scored more than 40 points in three straight games since 1942.

text: In 2013, #7 Auburn hosted #25 Georgia in Auburn. Through the first 50 minutes of the game, Auburn had scored on seven of nine possessions with 29 first downs building a 37–17 lead. In contrast, when Georgia began their first possession of the fourth quarter they had only reached the end zone once on their previous six drives.[17] Auburn maintained that 20-point lead until 9:35 left in the game when the momentum suddenly shifted in Georgia's favor. At that moment, Aaron Murray threw a 5-yard touchdown pass to senior Rantavious Wooten to cut the deficit to 13 points. In fact Murray would lead his team to three touchdowns in the span of 7:46, the final touchdown giving Georgia their first lead of the game with 1:49 remaining.[17] With 36 seconds remaining and faced with 4th and 18 from the Tiger 26-yardline, Auburn quarterback Nick Marshall, a former defensive back for the Bulldogs during the 2011 season, threw a Hail Mary pass, which was tipped by Georgia safety Josh Harvey-Clemons into the hands of Auburn sophomore wide receiver Ricardo Louis. What has become known as "The Prayer at Jordan–Hare,"[18][19][20][21][22] the play resulted in a game-winning touchdown for the Tigers with 25 seconds to spare. Auburn went on to win the SEC Championship and later barely lost the BCS National Championship in the final seconds to Florida State. This was the first time an SEC team failed to win the BCS Championship game since the 2005 football season.

text: In 2017, the two teams met twice in a single season for the first time in history. The first matchup occurred on November 11 in Georgia's only regular season loss, where the #1 Bulldogs lost 40-17 at #10 Auburn. A rematch took place in the 2017 SEC Championship Game in Atlanta, where #6 Georgia got revenge by beating #2 Auburn 28-7 and winning the SEC championship, securing a College Football Playoff spot in the process.

text: Family rivalry[edit]

text: "It's a unique thing. It's like playing against your brother. I don't think anybody who plays in that game can ever forget it. It just doesn't matter much where it's played or what somebody's record is. It's so intense and tough, but at the same time, it's family" Pat Dye, UGA '60 - Auburn head coach, 1981–92

text: Beyond the length of the rivalry, the schools' football histories are quite interconnected. Georgia's long-time head coach and athletic director, Vince Dooley, earned both his bachelor's and master's degree at Auburn while playing football and subsequently beginning his coaching career under legendary Auburn head coach Shug Jordan. Jordan himself was an assistant football coach and head basketball coach at Georgia before returning to his alma mater.

text: Former Auburn head coach Pat Dye was a three-year letterman and All-American offensive lineman at Georgia under head coach Wally Butts. Current Auburn defensive line coach Rodney Garner (who coached at Georgia for fifteen years), and former Georgia offensive line coach Stacy Searels both played at Auburn under Dye. Two-time former Auburn defensive coordinator Will Muschamp and offensive line coach Hugh Nall are former Georgia players. Former Georgia offensive coordinator Neil Callaway was Auburn's offensive line coach for all of Dye's 12 seasons. Tracy Rocker, a College Football Hall of Fame inductee and two-time All-American at Auburn as a defensive lineman, was a defensive line coach at Georgia from 2014-2017.[23]