document_title: Michigan State Spartans football

question_text: how many wins does michigan state football have

question_tokens: how many wins does michigan state football have

text: Michigan State Spartans football

text: History[edit]

text: Early years[edit]

text: Starting as a club sport in 1885, football gained varsity status in 1896.[5] Early teams at the then Michigan Agricultural College (MAC) competed in the Michigan Intercollegiate Athletic Association (MIAA), which was chartered in 1888 and is the oldest existing collegiate leagues in the United States. Previously, in 1884, Albion College and Michigan Agricultural had played in the first intercollegiate football game held within the state of Michigan.  The MIAA's other charter members included Albion, Olivet and Hillsdale Colleges. The Association's first season of competitive football was in 1894 which by then also included Eastern Michigan University (then Michigan Normal School) and Alma College; Kalamazoo College was added in 1896. In those early years the MAC Aggies could only accomplish one outright league football championship (1905) and share another with Albion (1903). The first decade of the 20th Century generally saw the MIAA and MAC being dominated by either Albion or Olivet Colleges. MSU left the league and became an Independent in 1907.

text: Chester Brewer revolutionized the football program during three different stints as head coach: 1903–10, 1917, and 1919. Considered a defensive genius, his teams posted shutouts in 49 of the 88 games   he coached. John Macklin took over as head coach in 1911 and owned a winning percentage of .853 (29–5), which is the highest in Michigan State history.

text: Jim Crowley, one of Notre Dame’s immortal Four Horsemen, served as the head football coach at Michigan State from 1929 to 1933.[6] Charlie Bachman, another Notre Dame alumnus, succeeded Jim Crowley as head football coach at Michigan State, coming to East Lansing after a successful stint at Florida. A teammate of Knute Rockne, Bachman employed the Notre Dame system and forged 10 winning seasons in 13 years.

text: Clarence "Biggie" Munn (1947–1953)[edit]

text: Clarence Lester "Biggie" Munn took over as head coach of Michigan State from Charlie Bachman in 1947. His 1951 and 1952 squads won national championships. Munn retired from coaching in 1953 to assume duties as Michigan State's athletic director, a position he held until 1971. Each year, the Michigan State Spartans football team hands out the "Biggie Munn Award" to the team's most motivational player. MSU's Munn Ice Arena, built in 1974, is named in his honor. Munn was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame as a coach in 1959, and, in 1961, he became Michigan State's first inductee into the Michigan Sports Hall of Fame. He authored the coaching textbook Michigan State Multiple Offense in 1953.

text:
1947–1950  In 1947, Munn and the Michigan State administration, led by university president John A. Hannah, approached Notre Dame president Father Cavanaugh to have his Fighting Irish play the Spartans for the first time since 1921. MSU initially offered to let Notre Dame take 80 percent of the gate, but Cavanaugh insisted they split the receipts down the middle. Munn was the only coach to beat Notre Dame head coach Frank Leahy three years in a row (1950–52). Starting with a 33–14 win over William & Mary in East Lansing on October 14, 1950 Biggie Munn started his historic 28-game winning streak.
1951  The 1951 team went undefeated and were elected the National Champions by the Helms Athletic Foundation; however, the rest of the polls voted for the Tennessee Volunteers, who lost in the Sugar Bowl to the Maryland Terrapins, but postseason games did not count at the time.
1952 The 1952 squad continued Munn's undefeated streak going 9-0.  Michigan State won a national championship for the second year in a row and for the first time in school history were voted #1 in both the AP and Coaches' polls.  Munn was named the AFCA Coach of the Year, coaching MSU to 9–0 record and a national championship.
1953 In 1953, Michigan State's first year of conference play in the Big Ten, the Spartans shared the conference title with Illinois and went to the Rose Bowl, where they beat UCLA, 28–20.  On October 24, 1953, Purdue upset the Spartans 6-0 ending Munn's 28-game winning streak.  The Spartans won the first ever Paul Bunyan Trophy after beating rival Michigan 14-6 in East Lansing.

text: Shortly after the Rose Bowl victory, MSU's athletic director, Ralph H. Young retired. Munn stepped down from coaching to assume duties as athletic director and remained in that position until 1971. Munn named his assistant, Duffy Daugherty, as his successor to helm the football team. During his tenure as Michigan State's head football coach, Munn tutored 17 All-Americans. His teams have retained the school's top four season marks for rushing-yards-per-game: 1948 (304.5 yards/game), 1951 (293.9 yards), 1952 (272.4), and 1950 (269.3).  Munn was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame in 1959.

text: During the 1950s when Detroit was known as the world's leading automobile manufacturer, Michigan State was often referred to as the nation's "football factory."  During this era, the Spartans produced great players such as Lynn Chandnois, Dorne Dibble, Don McAulliffe, Tom Yewcic, Sonny Grandelius, Bob Carey, Don Coleman, Earl Morrall and Dean Look. In 1951, the Spartans finished undefeated and untied to claim a share of the national championship with Tennessee.  A second consecutive undefeated season led to a consensus national title in 1952.  The team was admitted into the Big Ten as a regular member in 1953, winning the league championship and defeating UCLA in their first Rose Bowl game. After the 1953 season, Biggie Munn, turned the team over to his protégé Duffy Daugherty.

text: Duffy Daugherty (1954–1972)[edit]

text: Duffy Daugherty (September 8, 1915 – September 25, 1987) replaced Biggie Munn in December 1953, following Munn's retirement to become Michigan State's athletic director.  Daugherty would serve as the head coach at Michigan State University from 1954 to 1972, where he compiled a career record of 109–69–5. Duffy's 1965 and 1966 teams won national championships. Duffy's tenure of 19 seasons at the helm of the Michigan State Spartans football team is the longest of any head coach in the program's history. He was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame in 1984.

text:
1954–1964 After compiling a disappointing 3–6 record in Daugherty's first season in 1954, the Spartans improved and finished second in the Big Ten behind Ohio State in 1955 with an 8–1 record in the regular season. Michigan State received the conference's invitation to the 1956 Rose Bowl instead of the Buckeyes due to the conference's prohibition against consecutive trips to the Rose Bowl. In Pasadena, the Spartans defeated UCLA, 17–14, for their second bowl win in school history. From 1956 to 1964, Daugherty's Michigan State teams were usually good, three times placing second in Big Ten, but never captured the conference crown.  The Spartans did, however, beat Notre Dame eight straight times between 1955 and 1963, a feat matched only by Michigan (1887–1908) and USC (2002–2009). On November 5, 1964, the NCAA found Daugherty's program at Michigan State guilty of NCAA infractions prior to and during the 1957, 1958, and 1959 seasons. Daughtery's football program was put on probation for three years following the 1964 decision.
1965–1966 The 1965 and 1966 seasons were the high points in Daugherty's coaching tenure, if not in the history of Michigan State football. The 1965 team finished the regular season 10–0 and ranked first in the country, but was upset by UCLA in the 1966 Rose Bowl, 14–12. Nevertheless, Michigan State was named national champions by the UPI and the National Football Foundation. The 1966 team began the season 9–0 and headed into their final game ranked #2 against #1 Notre Dame at Spartan Stadium on November 19. The #1 vs. #2 showdown, dubbed "The Game of the Century" by national media, ended in a 10–10 tie.  The Spartans did not play in a bowl game following the 1966 season due to Big Ten rules in place at the time that prohibited its teams from playing in the Rose Bowl in consecutive years and barred participation in any other bowl. Notre Dame and Michigan State were declared co-national champions of the 1966 season as a result of the 10-10 tie.
1967–1972 Beginning with the 1967 season, there was a decline in the Spartans football program under Duffy.  Daugherty's teams in the late 60s and early 70s consistently hovered around the .500 mark, with only his 1971 squad finishing with a winning record (6–5). Under pressure from MSU's administration, Daugherty retired after the 1972 season and was succeeded as head coach by Denny Stolz.

text: During Daugherty's time in East Lansing, he recruited and coached some of the best players in Michigan State's history, including Herb Adderley, Brad Van Pelt, Bubba Smith, George Webster, and Joe DeLamielleure.  He was one of the first college football coaches to field a racially integrated team.

text: George Perles (1983–1994)[edit]

text: After returning from US Army active duty, Perles returned to Michigan where he enrolled at Michigan State University and played football under legendary coach Duffy Daugherty. Perles played the 1958 season before his playing career was cut short by a knee injury. Perles then started his football coaching career as a graduate assistant at Michigan State before moving on to the high school ranks in Chicago and Detroit, where his St. Ambrose High School team won their first Detroit City League Championship in 1961. Perles returned to Michigan State as defensive line coach under his mentor, Daugherty.

text: In 1972, Chuck Noll, head coach of the Pittsburgh Steelers, offered Perles the position of defensive line coach. In Perles’ first season, the Steelers made the NFL playoffs for the second time in franchise history, the first since 1947, losing to the Miami Dolphins in the AFC Championship Game. In 1974, the Steelers won the first of six consecutive AFC Central division championships and also their first Super Bowl. Perles became the defensive coordinator for the Steelers in 1978 and then assistant head coach under Noll in 1979. During Perles' ten years with Pittsburgh (1972–1981), the Steelers won a then-record four Super Bowls and became known as the team of the decade for the 1970s, largely on the back of their "Stunt 4-3" defense designed by Perles.

text: Perles returned to Michigan State University on December 3, 1982. In 12 years, he led the Spartans to two Big Ten Conference titles, seven bowl games and a victory in the 1988 Rose Bowl. The 1987 season marked the Spartans' last outright Big Ten title until 2013. During the 1987 season Perles and Michigan State beat Southern California twice in the same season, once in the regular season and one in the Rose Bowl.

text: During 1994–1995, an extensive external investigation conducted by the law firm of Bond, Schoeneck & King, PLLC. uncovered various infractions including grade tampering by an athletic department administrator. MSU president M. Peter McPherson fired Perles before the end of the 1994 season, and ordered the Spartans to forfeit their five wins for that season.  Perles was found "not culpable" . Many fans and alumni believed he was treated unfairly. He later went on to be the founder of The Little Caesars Pizza Bowl and is on the MSU board of trustees.

text: Nick Saban (1995–1999)[edit]

text: When Saban arrived in East Lansing, Michigan prior to the 1995 season, MSU had not had a winning season since 1990, and the team was sanctioned by the NCAA for recruiting violations committed under his predecessor and former mentor, George Perles.[7]

text:
1995–1997 – Beginning in 1995, Saban moderately improved MSU's fortunes, taking the Spartans to minor bowl games (all of which they lost by double-digit margins) in each of his first three seasons. From 1995 to 1997, Michigan State finished 6-5-1, 6-6, and 7-5. In comparison, MSU had finished 5–6, 6–6 and 5–6 (prior to NCAA forfeits) in 1992–1994.
1998 – On November 7, 1998, the Spartans upset the #1 ranked Ohio State 28–24 at Ohio Stadium. However, even after the upset and an early-season rout of then-highly ranked Notre Dame the Spartans finished 6–6, including three last-minute losses featuring turnovers, defensive lapses, and special-teams misplays, and failed to earn a bowl invitation.
1999 – Saban led the Spartans to a 9–2 season that included wins over Notre Dame, Michigan, Ohio State, and Penn State. Conversely, the two losses were routs at the hands of Purdue and Wisconsin. Following the final regular-season game against Penn State, Saban abruptly resigned to accept the head coaching position with LSU. Saban's assistant head coach and successor, Bobby Williams, then coached MSU to a Citrus Bowl victory over Florida, giving the Spartans an overall record of 10–2 for the 1999 season. It would be the best season in terms of wins for the Spartans since 1965, and it would see the Spartans reach their highest ranking since the 1966 team.[8] Future former NFL Head Coach Josh McDaniels served as a Graduate Assistant on Saban's 1999 coaching staff.

text: Saban never won a bowl game in his tenure at Michigan State, going 0-3 and losing those bowl contests by a combined 85 points.[9]

text: Mark Dantonio (2006–present)[edit]

text: On November 27, 2006, Mark Dantonio was hired from the University of Cincinnati to become Michigan State's new men's football head coach. Dantonio served as an assistant coach at MSU from 1995 to 2000 and was Ohio State's defensive coordinator during their 2002 national championship season.[10]  Dantonio was also an assistant at Kansas and Youngstown State University. In 2010, Dantonio led MSU to earn a share of the Big Ten Championship after finishing the year in a three-way tie with Ohio State and Wisconsin. His 2011 team won their division and appeared in the inaugural Big Ten Football Championship Game. His Spartans would win outright Big Ten Championships in 2013 and 2015 with victories in the 2013 and 2015 Championship Games. He has compiled a 8–3 record against the arch-rival Michigan. Michigan State's streak of four wins in a row, from the 2008 season through 2011, tied Michigan State's best in the rivalry. Dantonio's record also includes a 4–4 mark for the Megaphone Trophy, which goes to the winner of the Notre Dame rivalry game.

text: He is considered a defensive-minded coach and has been on the coaching staffs of Glen Mason, Jim Tressel and Nick Saban. As of February 2018, his contract runs through 2024. Dantonio makes approximately $4.3 million annually.[11]

text: Conference affiliations[edit]

text:
Michigan Intercollegiate Athletic Association (1896–1906)[citation needed]
Independent (1907–1952)
Big Ten Conference (1953–present)

text: Head coaches[edit]

text: Duffy Daughtery is MSU's all-time winningest coach with 104 wins. Daughtery was also the longest tenured coach at 19 years.  Daugherty won four national titles while Clarence Munn won two; no other MSU coach has won a title. "Biggie" Munn leads coaches since 1940 with a .846 winning percentage. MSU's current coach, Mark Dantonio, is the third longest tenured current coach in the Big Ten at ten years.

text: Head coaching records[edit]

text:
Coach

Years

Seasons

Record

Pct.

Conf. Record

Pct.

Div. Titles

Conf. Titles

Bowl Games

National Titles

Conference

No Coach

1896

1

1–2–1

.375

0–1–0

.000

0

0

0

0

MIAA

Henry Keep

1897–1898

2

8–5–1

.607

5–2–1

.688

0

0

0

0

MIAA

Charles Bemies

1899–1900

2

3–7–1

.318

1–3–0

.250

0

0

0

0

MIAA

George Denman

1901–1902

2

7–9–1

.441

5–4–1

.550

0

0

0

0

MIAA

Chester Brewer

1903–1910, 1917, 1919

10

58–23–7

.699

19–2–2

.833

0

2

0

0

Left MIAA in 1907

John Macklin

1911–1915

5

29–5–0

.853

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

0

0

Independent

Dutch Sommers

1916

1

4–2–1

.643

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

0

0

Independent

George Gauthier

1918

1

4–3–0

.571

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

0

0

Independent

George Clark

1920

1

4–6

.400

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

0

0

Independent

Albert Barron

1921–1922

2

6–10–2

.389

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

0

0

Independent

Ralph H. Young

1923–1927

5

18–22–1

.451

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

0

Independent

Harry Kipke

1928

1

3–4–1

.438

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

0

0

Independent

Jim Crowley

1929–1932

4

22–8–3

.712

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

0

0

Independent

Charlie Bachman

1933–1942, 1944–1946

13

70–34–10

.658

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

1

0

Independent

Clarence Munn

1947–1953

7

54–9–2

.846

5–1

.833

n/a

1

1

2

Joined Big Ten in 1953

Duffy Daugherty

1954–1972

19

109–69–5

.609

72–50–3

.588

n/a

2

2

4

Big Ten

Denny Stolz

1973–1975

3

19–13–1

.591

14–9–1

.604

n/a

0

0

0

Big Ten

Darryl Rogers

1976–1979

4

24–18–2

.568

19–12–1

.609

n/a

1

0

0

Big Ten

Muddy Waters

1980–1982

3

10–23–0

.303

8–18–0

.308

n/a

0

0

0

Big Ten

George Perles

1983–1994

12

68–67–4

.504

53–42–2

.557

n/a

2

7

0

Big Ten

Nick Saban

1995–1999

5

34–24–1

.592

23–16–1

.589

n/a

0

3

0

Big Ten

Bobby Williams

2000–2002

> 2

16–17

.469

6–15

.286

n/a

0

2

0

Big Ten

Morris Watts

2002

< 1

1–2

.333

1–2

.333

n/a

0

0

0

Big Ten

John L. Smith

2003–2006

4

22–26

.458

12–20

.375

n/a

0

1

0

Big Ten

Mark Dantonio

2007–present

11

100–45

.682

53–28

.654

3*

3

9

0

Big Ten

Totals

1896–present

120

686–450–44

.599

296–225–13

.566

3

11

26

6

text: * The Big Ten split into the Leaders and Legends Divisions with the addition of Nebraska for the 2011 season. Michigan State played in the Legends Division from 2011 to 2013. In 2014, with the addition of Maryland and Rutgers, the divisions were realigned and Michigan State now plays in the East Division.

text: Football facilities[edit]

text: Spartan Stadium[edit]

text: Until the 1920s, the Spartans played on Old College Field just northwest of the current stadium. In the early 1920s school officials voted to construct a new stadium. The new College Field was ready in the fall of 1923 with a capacity of 14,000.  In 1935 the seating capacity was increased to 26,000 and the facility was dedicated as Macklin Field. By 1957, upper decks were added to the east and west sides, boosting the capacity to 76,000. That same season Michigan State dropped the name Macklin Stadium in favor of the current name, Spartan Stadium.[12]

text: In 2005 the university finished a new $64 million expansion project to Spartan Stadium. It featured the addition of nearly 3,000 club seats in the "Spartan Club," 24 suites and a 193-seat press box, bringing the current stadium capacity to 75,005. The original World War II-era terracotta cast of "The Spartan" statue was moved indoors to the atrium of the new structure to protect it from the elements and occasional vandalism, and a new bronze cast was made for outdoors. The 200,000-square-foot (19,000 m2) addition also houses the MSU Alumni Association, University Development and other units.[13]

text: The stadium boasts a capacity of 75,005, making it the Big Ten's 6th largest stadium and 23rd largest college football stadium in the country. In 2010 Spartan Stadium had the 19th highest attendance in NCAA Division I FBS.[14] Crowd noise in the stadium gets so loud that Stanley Kubrick’s Spartacus (1960) uses a recording of the crowd noise during the 1959 Michigan State-Notre Dame game.[15]

text: For the 2007 season, the student section held approximately 13,000 fans.[16]  Like the basketball student section (the Izzone), the Michigan State Student Alumni Foundation used to oversee a subgroup in the football student section named "Corner Blitz." When head coach Mark Dantonio took over the football program in 2006, "Corner Blitz" was united with the normal student section.  The entire student section now receives a special T-shirt which is voted on annually.[17]

text: Three new video boards were installed prior to the 2012 season. The larger South LED board measures 47.2 feet (14.4 m) high by 114.8 feet (35.0 m) wide for a total of 5,412 square feet (502.8 m2). The two North LED boards measure 31.5 feet (9.6 m) high by 52.5 feet (16.0 m) wide for a total of 1,653.75 square feet (153.638 m2) each. When combined, the three boards measure 8,719.5 square feet (810.07 m2), making it the largest combined board system in the country.  Also, the stadium includes a 10 feet (3.0 m) high by 450 feet (140 m) wide ribbon video board along the top of the bleachers in the north endzone, which adds another 4,500 square feet (420 m2) to make a grand total of 13,219.5 square feet (1,228.13 m2).

text: Duffy Daugherty Building / Skandalaris Center[edit]

text: In 2007 Michigan State expanded its Duffy Daugherty Football Building with a $15 million expansion and renovation project.  The face-lift started with construction of the 25,000-square-foot (2,300 m2) Skandalaris Football Center that features new team, staff and position meeting rooms, coaches' offices, MSU football Players Lounge and The Demmer Family Hall of History. MSU alumni Robert and Julie Skandalaris of Bloomfield Hills, Mich., donated $5 million as the lead gift for the $15 million project. In 2008, weight room was increased in size from 9,000 to 16,500 square feet (1,530 m2) at a cost of $2 million. The complex includes a 86,000-square-foot (8,000 m2) indoor practice facility with a full in-door football field, two outdoor practice football fields and a training room with a rehab and hydrotherapy section. Graphics in the space were provided by Ohio-based environmental designer, Ze Design.[18]

text: Championships[edit]

text: National championships[edit]

text: Michigan State claims a total of six national championships, three of which are consensus national championships after being declared the national champion by the AP and Coaches' Poll in 1952, the Coaches' Poll in 1965, and the National Football Foundation in 1966.[19]

text:
Year

Coach

Selector

Record

Bowl

1951
Clarence Munn
Billingsley, Helms, Poling
9–0

1952
Clarence Munn
AP Poll, Coaches' Poll, Helms, NCF, UPI
9–0

1955
Duffy Daugherty
Boand
9–1
Won Rose

1957
Duffy Daugherty
Dunkel
8–1

1965
Duffy Daugherty
UPI, FWAA, Helms
10–1
Lost Rose

1966
Duffy Daugherty
Helms, NFF, CFRA
9–1

Total National Titles

6

text: Conference championships[edit]

text: Michigan State has won 11 conference championships, seven outright and four shared.

text:
Year

Conference

Coach

Overall Record

Conference Record

1903
MIAA
Chester Brewer
6–1–1
3–1

1905†
MIAA
Chester Brewer
9–2
4–0

1953
Big Ten Conference
Clarence Munn
9–1
5–1

1965
Big Ten Conference
Duffy Daugherty
10–1
7–0

1966
Big Ten Conference
Duffy Daugherty
9–0–1
7–0

1978†
Big Ten Conference
Darryl Rogers
8–3
7–1

1987
Big Ten Conference
George Perles
9–2–1
7–0–1

1990†
Big Ten Conference
George Perles
8–3–1
6–2

2010†
Big Ten Conference
Mark Dantonio
11–2
7–1

2013
Big Ten Conference
Mark Dantonio
13–1
8–0

2015
Big Ten Conference
Mark Dantonio
12–2
7–1

Conference Titles

9 Big Ten, 2 MIAA

text: † Co-champions

text: Divisional championships[edit]

text:
Date

Division

Opponent

CG Result

December 3, 2011
Big Ten Legends
Wisconsin
L 39–42

December 7, 2013
Big Ten Legends
Ohio State
W 34–24

December 5, 2015
Big Ten East
Iowa
W 16–13

text: Bowl games[edit]

text: Michigan State has appeared in 27 bowl games, garnering a 12–15 record. [20]

text:
Season

Coach

Bowl

Opponent

Result

1937
Charlie Bachman
Orange Bowl
Auburn
L 0–6

1953
Clarence Munn
Rose Bowl
UCLA
W 28–20

1955
Duffy Daugherty
Rose Bowl
UCLA
W 17–14

1965
Duffy Daugherty
Rose Bowl
UCLA
L 12–14

1984
George Perles
Cherry Bowl
Army
L 6–10

1985
George Perles
Hall of Fame Classic
Georgia Tech
L 14–17

1987
George Perles
Rose Bowl
USC
W 20–17

1988
George Perles
Gator Bowl
Georgia
L 27–34

1989
George Perles
Aloha Bowl
Hawaii
W 33–13

1990
George Perles
John Hancock Bowl
USC
W 17–16

1993
George Perles
Liberty Bowl
Louisville
L 7–18

1995
Nick Saban
Independence Bowl
LSU
L 26–45

1996
Nick Saban
Sun Bowl
Stanford
L 0–38

1997
Nick Saban
Aloha Bowl
Washington
L 23–51

1999
Bobby Williams
Florida Citrus Bowl
Florida
W 37–34

2001
Bobby Williams
Silicon Valley Football Classic
Fresno State
W 44–35

2003
John L. Smith
Alamo Bowl
Nebraska
L 3–17

2007
Mark Dantonio
Champs Sports Bowl
Boston College
L 21–24

2008
Mark Dantonio
Capital One Bowl
Georgia
L 12–24

2009
Mark Dantonio
Alamo Bowl
Texas Tech
L 31–41

2010
Mark Dantonio
Capital One Bowl
Alabama
L 7–49

2011
Mark Dantonio
Outback Bowl
Georgia
W 33–30

2012
Mark Dantonio
Buffalo Wild Wings Bowl
TCU
W 17–16

2013
Mark Dantonio
Rose Bowl
Stanford
W 24–20

2014
Mark Dantonio
Cotton Bowl Classic
Baylor
W 42–41

2015
Mark Dantonio
Cotton Bowl Classic (CFP Semifinal)
Alabama
L 0–38

2017
Mark Dantonio
Holiday Bowl
Washington State
W 42–17

text: Record by bowl game[edit]

text:
Bowl Game

#

W

L

%

Alamo Bowl

2

0

2

.000

Aloha Bowl

2

1

1

.500

Buffalo Wild Wings Bowl

1

1

0

1.000

Champs Sports Bowl

1

0

1

.000

Cherry Bowl

1

0

1

.000

Citrus Bowl

3

1

2

.333

Cotton Bowl

2

1

1

.500

Gator Bowl

1

0

1

.000

Hall of Fame Classic

1

0

1

.000

Holiday Bowl

1

1

0

1.000

Independence Bowl

1

0

1

1.000

Liberty Bowl

1

0

1

.000

Orange Bowl

1

0

1

.000

Outback Bowl

1

1

0

1.000

Rose Bowl

5

4

1

.800

Silicon Valley Classic

1

1

0

1.000

Sun Bowl

2

1

1

.500

text: Rivalries[edit]

text: Notre Dame[edit]

text: The Megaphone Trophy is awarded each year to the winner of the football game between the University of Notre Dame and Michigan State University. The rivalry includes games such as the Game of the Century, arguably the greatest college football game ever played. The Fighting Irish currently holds the trophy after a 38–18 win in East Lansing in 2017, which is the last time these teams have played in the series. Notre Dame leads the series 48–29–1 while the Megaphone Trophy series record is 34–27–1 in favor of Notre Dame. The two teams will not play each other again until 2026[when?][citation needed]

text: Indiana[edit]

text: The Old Brass Spittoon is presented to the winner of the Indiana–Michigan State football game which was first presented in 1950. After facing each other in one of the so-called protected cross-division rivalry games from 2011 to 2013, MSU and Indiana will continue to face off each year as members of the Big Ten East division starting with the 2014 season. The Spartans held onto the Old Brass Spittoon from 2007 to 2015, but lost it in 2016 with a 21–24 OT loss in Bloomington, but won it back during the 2017 season when they won the game by a 17-9 mark. Michigan State currently leads the all-time trophy series 45–12–1.[when?][citation needed]

text: Michigan[edit]

text: The Paul Bunyan-Governor of Michigan Trophy is a college rivalry trophy awarded to the winner of the annual American football game between the Michigan State University Spartans and University of Michigan Wolverines. The winner takes possession of the trophy until the next year's game. Michigan State won the 2017 contest in Ann Arbor by a 14–10 mark, for its 8th win in the series in the last 10 years.[21] The Wolverines lead the trophy series 36–27–2, dating back to 1953, and the overall series record between the two is 68–37–5 in favor of Michigan.[when?][citation needed]

text: Penn State[edit]

text: The Land Grant Trophy is named so because Penn State University and Michigan State University are the nation's oldest land-grant universities, both founded in 1855 (Michigan State on February 12 and Penn State on February 22). When Penn State joined the Big Ten Conference in 1993, the Nittany Lions and Spartans have played each other for the trophy in the last week of conference play until the 2010 season. The trophy, designed by former Michigan State coach George Perles, features pictures of Penn State's Old Main and Michigan State's Beaumont Tower. After spending the 2011 to 2013 seasons in opposite Big Ten conference divisions, MSU and PSU resumed playing each other annually for the trophy in 2014.[22] Michigan State is the current holder of the Land Grant Trophy after upsetting Penn State 27–24 in East Lansing, MI, on November 4, 2017. Michigan State currently leads the series 15–14–1.[when?][citation needed]

text: Historic games[edit]

text: Game of the Century[edit]

text:
The "Game of the Century" (1966 version)

Notre Dame Fighting Irish
Michigan State Spartans

(8–0)
(9–0)

10
10

Head coach: Ara Parseghian
Head coach: Duffy Daugherty

APCoaches

11

APCoaches

22

1234
Total

Notre Dame
0703
10

Michigan State
7300
10
Date
November 19, 1966Season
1966Stadium
Spartan StadiumLocation
East Lansing, Michigan

text: This section may be too long to read and navigate comfortably. Please consider splitting content into sub-articles, condensing it, or adding or removing subheadings. (September 2016)

text: The 1966 Michigan State vs. Notre Dame football game ("The Game of the Century") remains one of the greatest, and most controversial, games in college football history.[23] The game was played in Michigan State's Spartan Stadium on November 19, 1966. Michigan State entered the contest 9–0 and ranked #2, while Notre Dame entered the contest 8–0 and ranked #1. Notre Dame elected not to try for the end zone on the final series, thus the game ended in a 10–10 tie with both schools recording national championships.[24][25]

text: Irish quarterback Terry Hanratty was knocked out after getting sacked in the first quarter by Spartan defensive lineman Bubba Smith. Starting Notre Dame running back Nick Eddy was out entirely after hurting his shoulder getting off the train in East Lansing. Michigan State held a 10-0 lead by early in the second quarter.  But the Irish came back, scoring a touchdown right after Michigan State's field goal and tied the game on the first play of the fourth quarter. Notre Dame had the ball on its own 30-yard line with 1:10 to go, needing about 40 yards for a game-winning field goal. But Notre Dame coach Ara Parseghian chose to run the clock out, not wanting to risk a turnover, preserving the tie and Notre Dame's #1 ranking. The game ended in a 10-10 tie.

text: Notre Dame beat Rose Bowl bound USC 51-0 in Los Angeles the next week, completing an undefeated regular season and moving them to #1 in both polls. The Irish did not accept bowl bids until 1969, and Michigan State was the victim of a pair of Big Ten rules that would be rescinded a few years later: The same school could not represent the league in the Rose Bowl in back-to-back seasons, and only the league Champions could accept a bowl bid, unless they refused the Rose Bowl bid or, because it was on probation, were prohibited from accepting the bid, which, in either case, would then go to the second-place team. So despite being Big Ten Champions and undefeated in the regular season, in each case for two seasons in a row, the Spartans could not play in the Rose Bowl.

text: For nearly 50 years, Parseghian has defended his end-of-the-game strategy, which left many fans feeling disappointed at the game not having some sort of resolution. College football expert Dan Jenkins lead off his article for Sports Illustrated by saying Parseghian chose to "Tie one for the Gipper." Others chided Notre Dame by calling them the "Tying Irish" instead of the "Fighting Irish."

text: The game was not shown live on national TV. Each team was allotted one national television appearance and two regional television appearances each season. Notre Dame had used their national TV slot in the season opening game against Purdue. ABC executives did not even want to show the game anywhere but the regional area, but pressure from the West Coast and the South (to the tune of 50,000 letters) made ABC air the game on tape delay.

text: The Sporting News named the 1966 Fighting Irish and 1965-66 Spartans the eleventh and thirteenth greatest teams of the 20th Century respectively.[citation needed]

text: Awards Individual awards and honors[edit]

text: National award winners[edit]

text: Players[edit]

text:
Maxwell Award
1972: Brad Van Pelt
Fred Biletnikoff Award
2002: Charles Rogers
Paul Warfield Trophy
2002: Charles Rogers
Outland Trophy
1949: Ed Bagdon
UPI Lineman of the Year
1965: Bubba Smith

Dick Butkus Award
1989: Percy Snow
Lombardi Award
1989: Percy Snow
Jim Thorpe Award
2013: Darqueze Dennard
Jack Tatum Trophy
2013: Darqueze Dennard
Johnny Unitas Golden Arm Award
2015: Connor Cook

text: Coaches[edit]

text:
AFCA Coach of the Year[26]
1952: Clarence Munn
1955: Duffy Daugherty
Eddie Robinson Coach of the Year
1965: Duffy Daugherty

Sporting News Coach of the Year
1965: Duffy Daugherty
1978: Darryl Rogers
Broyles Award
2013: Pat Narduzzi

text: Big Ten Conference honors[edit]

text:
Chicago Tribune Silver Football
1971: Eric Allen
1977: Larry Bethea
1987: Lorenzo White
Player of the Year
1985: Lorenzo White
1987: Lorenzo White
Offensive Player of the Year
1990: Tico Duckett (media)
Quarterback of the Year
2015 Connor Cook
Offensive Lineman of the Year
1987: Tony Mandarich
1988: Tony Mandarich
1989: Bob Kula
1997: Flozell Adams
Receiver of the Year
2014: Tony Lippett
2015: Aaron Burbridge

Defensive Player of the Year
2009: Greg Jones (media)
Defensive Back of the Year
2013: Darqueze Dennard
2014: Kurtis Drummond
Defensive Lineman of the Year
2013: Shilique Calhoun
Freshman of the Year
1993: Reggie Garnett
Coach of the Year
1974: Denny Stolz (media)
1977: Darryl Rogers (media)
1987: George Perles (media)
2003: John L. Smith (media)
2010: Mark Dantonio (media)
2013: Mark Dantonio (media and coaches)

text: List of Consensus All-Americans[edit]

text: This section does not cite any sources. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (February 2018) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

text: [when?]

text:
Player

Position

Years

Neno DaPrato
B
1915

Sidney Wagner
L
1935

Ed Bagdon
L
1949

Don Coleman
L
1951

Bob Carey
E
1951

Don Dohoney
E
1953

Earl Morrall
B
1955

Norm Masters
L
1955

Walt Kowalczyk
B
1957

Dan Currie
L
1957

Sam Williams
E
1958

George Saimes
B
1962

Sherman Lewis
B
1963

Bubba Smith
DL
1965, 1966

George Webster
DB
1965, 1966

Clinton Jones
B
1966

Brad Van Pelt
DB
1972

Lorenzo White
RB
1985, 1987

Tony Mandarich
OL
1988

Percy Snow
LB
1989

Bob Kula
OL
1989

Charles Rogers
WR
2002

Brandon Fields
P
2004

Javon Ringer
RB
2008

Greg Jones
LB
2009, 2010

Jerel Worthy
DL
2011

Darqueze Dennard
DB
2013

text: Team honors[edit]

text: Retired numbers[edit]

text:
No.

Player

Position

Tenure

Year retired

26
Clinton Jones
RB
1964-1966
2015

46
John Hannah 1
-
-
1969

48
Percy Snow
LB
1986-1989
2013

78
Don Coleman
T
1949-1951
1951

90
George Webster
LB
1964-1966
1967

95
Charles "Bubba" Smith
DE
1964-1966
2006

text: 1 Although Hannah did not play for the Spartans, the University retired No. 46 as a recognition to his 46 years of service to the institution.[27]

text: Michigan State's All-Time Team[28][edit]

text:
Offense

WR: Gene Washington 1964–66
WR: Andre Rison 1985–88
TE: Billy Joe DuPree 1970–72
E: Robert Carey 1949–51
OL: Sid Wagner 1933–35
OL: Don Coleman 1949–51
OL: Ed Bagdon 1946-49
OL: Ed Budde 1960–62
OL: Tony Mandarich 1985–88
OL: Flozell Adams 1994–97
QB: Earl Morrall 1953–55
QB: Steve Juday 1963–65
RB: John Pingel 1936–38
RB: Sonny Grandelius 1948–50
RB: Lorenzo White 1984–87
K: Morten Andersen 1978–81

Defense

DL: Blake Miller 1912–15
DL: Ed Bagdon 1946–49
DL: Bubba Smith 1964–66
DL: Larry Bethea 1974–77
LB: Dan Bass 1976–79
LB: Carl Banks 1980–83
LB: Percy Snow 1986–89
LB: Julian Peterson 1998–99
DB: Lynn Chandnois 1946–49
DB: George Saimes 1960–62
DB: George Webster 1964–66
DB: Brad Van Pelt 1970–72
P: Greg Montgomery 1985–87

text: Hall of Fame[edit]

text: College[edit]

text: Michigan State alumni and coaching inductees into the College Football Hall of Fame include:

text:
Charlie Bachman
Don Coleman
Duffy Daugherty
Biggie Munn
John Pingel
Bubba Smith

Percy Snow
Brad Van Pelt
Gene Washington
Frank Waters
George Webster[29]
Clinton Jones[30]

text: Professional (United States)[edit]

text: Michigan State alumni inductees to the Pro Football Hall of Fame include:

text:
Herb Adderley
Joe DeLamielleure
Morten Anderson

text: Professional (Canada)[edit]

text: Michigan State alumni inductees to the Canadian Football Hall of Fame include:

text:
Abe Eliowitz
Dan Bass

text: Rose Bowl[edit]

text: Michigan State alumni inductees to the Rose Bowl Hall of Fame include:

text: Dave Kaiser

text: Future opponents[edit]

text: Big Ten East-division opponents[edit]

text: Michigan State plays the other six Big Ten East opponents once per season.

text:
Even Numbered Years

Odd Number Years

vs Michigan
at Michigan

vs Ohio State
at Ohio State

vs Rutgers
at  Rutgers

at Penn State
vs Penn State

at Indiana
vs Indiana

at Maryland
vs Maryland

text: Non-conference opponents[edit]

text: Announced schedules as of May 10, 2018.[31][32]

text:
2018

2019

2020

2021

2022

2023

2024

2025

2026

2027

vs Utah State

vs Tulsa

at BYU

vs. Youngstown State

at Boise State

vs Boise State

at Boston College

vs Boston College

Notre Dame (site TBA)

Notre Dame (site TBA)

at Arizona State

vs Western Michigan

vs Toledo

at Miami (FL)

vs Central Michigan

vs Arizona State

vs Miami (FL)

vs. Western Kentucky


document_title: Epsom Derby

question_text: when was the derby last run on a wednesday

root

text: Epsom Derby

text: History[edit]

text: The Stanley family, Earls of Derby, had a long history of horse-racing, and James Stanley, 7th Earl of Derby, who gained the Lordship of Mann in 1627, instituted horse-racing on the Langness Peninsula on the Isle of Man, donating a cup for what became known as the "Manx Derby". [4]

tag: p

text: The Derby originated at a celebration following the first running of the Oaks Stakes in 1779. A new race was planned, and it was decided that it should be named after either the host of the party, the 12th Earl of Derby, or one of his guests, Sir Charles Bunbury (the Bunbury Cup run at Newmarket would later be named in his honour). According to legend the decision was made by the toss of a coin, but it is probable that Bunbury, the Steward of the Jockey Club, deferred to his host.[5] The inaugural running of the Derby was held on Thursday 4 May 1780. It was won by Diomed, a colt owned by Sir Charles Bunbury, who collected prize money of £1,065 15s. The first four runnings were contested over 1 mile, but this was amended to the current distance of 1½ miles in 1784. Lord Derby achieved his first success in the event in 1787, with a horse called Sir Peter Teazle.

text: The starting point of the race was moved twice during the 19th century. The first move, suggested by Lord George Bentinck, was in 1848, and the second was in 1872. It was discovered in 1991 that the exact length of the race was one mile, four furlongs and 10 yards.[1]

text: Initially, the Derby was run on a Thursday in late May or early June, depending on when Easter occurred. In 1838 the race was moved to a Wednesday to fit in with the railways' timetables, but still followed the moveable feast of Easter. In the 20th century, the race was run on the first Wednesday in June from 1900 until 1995, not including 1915 to 1918 (during the First World War), when it was on a Tuesday. During the Second World War, from 1942 until 1945 the race was run on a Saturday, as it was in the post-war years of 1947 to 1950 and again in 1953.[1] In 1995 the day was changed from the first Wednesday in June to the first Saturday,[6] and since then all the races have taken place on that day.

text: The Derby has been run at Epsom in all years except during the world wars. From 1915 to 1918 and from 1940 to 1945, the Derby was run at Newmarket. These races are known as the 'New Derby'.

text: The Derby has inspired many similar events around the world. European variations include the Derby Italiano, the Deutsches Derby, the Irish Derby and the Prix du Jockey Club (popularly known in the British Isles as the "French Derby"). Several races in the United States include the "Derby" name, including the oldest, the Kentucky Derby. Other national equivalents include the Australian Derby, the New Zealand Derby, and the Tokyo Yūshun.

text: Epsom Fair[edit]

text: For many years the Derby was run on a Wednesday or a Thursday and on the day huge crowds would come from London, not only to see the race but to enjoy other entertainment (during some of the 19th century and most of the 20th Parliament would adjourn to allow members to attend the meeting).[6][7][8]

text: By the time that Charles Dickens visited Epsom Downs to view the race in the 1850s, entertainers such as musicians, clowns, and conjurers plied their trades and entertained the crowds; other forms of entertainment included coconut stalls.[9] The crowded meeting was the subject of a painting by William Powell Frith painted in the 1858 and titled The Derby Day; critics have noted that the foreground of the painting features the entertainment attractions, while the racing is relegated to the margins.[10]

text: In the 1870s, the steam-driven rides were introduced. They were located at the Tattenham Corner end of the grounds and the fair was on for ten days and entertained hundreds of thousands.[9] During the latter half of the 20th century, Derby Day became less popular and the race was moved from Wednesday to Saturday in 1995 the hope of reviving high attendance.[6] As the number of people attending the fair dwindled in the face of competition for attention and changing tastes, its length was reduced from 10 days to three or four.[9]

text: Sponsorship[edit]

text: Investec became the sponsor of the Derby in 2009, and the current sponsorship deal runs until 2022.[11] The race was previously backed by Ever Ready (1984–94) and Vodafone (1995–2008).[12]

text: Popular culture[edit]

text: The 1952 drama film Derby Day, directed by Herbert Wilcox and starring Michael Wilding and Anna Neagle, is set entirely around The Derby.

tag: ul

text: Epsom Derby is also referenced in the recent popular BBC television series Peaky Blinders, set in the 19th century.

text:
Epsom Derby

2018

Masar

Dee Ex Bee

Roaring Lion

tag: table

text:
showPrevious years

2017

Wings of Eagles

Cliffs of Moher

Cracksman

2016

Harzand

Us Army Ranger

Idaho

2015

Golden Horn

Jack Hobbs

Storm The Stars

2014

Australia

Kingston Hill

Romsdal

2013

Ruler of the World

Libertarian

Galileo Rock

2012

Camelot

Main Sequence

Astrology

2011

Pour Moi

Treasure Beach

Carlton House

text:
show2010-2001

2010

Workforce

At First Sight

Rewilding

2009

Sea The Stars

Fame And Glory

Masterofthehorse

2008

New Approach

Tartan Bearer

Casual Conquest

2007

Authorized

Eagle Mountain

Aqaleem

2006

Sir Percy

Dragon Dancer

Dylan Thomas

2005

Motivator

Walk in the Park

Dubawi

2004

North Light

Rule of Law

Let The Lion Roar

2003

Kris Kin

The Great Gatsby

Alamshar

2002

High Chaparral

Hawk Wing

Moon Ballad

2001

Galileo

Golan

Tobougg

text:
show2000-1991

2000

Sinndar

Sakhee

Beat Hollow

1999

Oath

Daliapour

Beat All

1998

High-Rise

City Honours

Border Arrow

1997

Benny The Dip

Silver Patriarch

Romanov

1996

Shaamit

Dushyantor

Shantou

1995

Lammtarra

Tamure

Presenting

1994

Erhaab

King's Theatre

Colonel Collins

1993

Commander In Chief

Blue Judge

Blues Traveller

1992

Dr Devious

St Jovite

Silver Wisp

1991

Generous

Marju

Star Of Gdansk

text:
show1990-1981

1990

Quest For Fame

Blue Stag

Elmaamul

1989

Nashwan

Terimon

Cacoethes

1988

Kahyasi

Glacial Storm

Doyoun

1987

Reference Point

Most Welcome

Bellotto

1986

Shahrastani

Dancing Brave

Mashkour

1985

Slip Anchor

Law Society

Damister

1984

Secreto

El Gran Senor

Mighty Flutter

1983

Teenoso

Carlingford Castle

Shearwalk

1982

Golden Fleece

Touching Wood

Silver Hawk

1981

Shergar

Glint of Gold

Scintillating Air

text:
show1980-1971

1980

Henbit

Master Willie

Rankin

1979

Troy

Dickens Hill

Northern Baby

1978

Shirley Heights

Hawaiian Sound

Remainder Man

1977

The Minstrel

Hot Grove

Blushing Groom

1976

Empery

Relkino

Oats

1975

Grundy

Nobiliary

Hunza Dancer

1974

Snow Knight

Imperial Prince

Giacometti

1973

Morston

Cavo Doro

Freefoot

1972

Roberto

Rheingold

Pentland Firth

1971

Mill Reef

Linden Tree

Irish Ball

text:
show1970-1961

1970

Nijinsky

Gyr

Stintino

1969

Blakeney

Shoemaker

Prince Regent

1968

Sir Ivor

Connaught

Mount Athos

1967

Royal Palace

Ribocco

Dart Board

1966

Charlottown

Pretendre

Black Prince II

1965

Sea Bird

Meadow Court

I Say

1964

Santa Claus

Indiana

Dilettante

1963

Relko

Merchant Venturer

Ragusa

1962

Larkspur

Arcor

Le Cantilien

1961

Psidium

Dicta Drake

Pardao

text:
show1960-1951

1960

St Paddy

Alcaeus

Kythnos

1959

Parthia

Fidalgo

Shantung

1958

Hard Ridden

Paddy's Point

Nagami

1957

Crepello

Ballymoss

Pipe of Peace

1956

Lavandin

Montaval

Roistar

1955

Phil Drake

Panaslipper

Acropolis

1954

Never Say Die

Arabian Night

Darius

1953

Pinza

Aureole

Pink Horse

1952

Tulyar

Gay Time

Faubourg

1951

Arctic Prince

Sybil's Nephew

Signal Box

text:
show1950-1946

1950

Galcador

Prince Simon

Double Eclipse

1949

Nimbus

Amour Drake

Swallow Tail

1948

My Love

Royal Drake

Noor

1947

Pearl Diver

Migoli

Sayajirao

1946

Airborne

Gulf Stream

Radiotherapy

text: Records[edit]

text: Leading jockey (9 wins):

text: Lester Piggott – Never Say Die (1954), Crepello (1957), St. Paddy (1960), Sir Ivor (1968), Nijinsky (1970), Roberto (1972), Empery (1976), The Minstrel (1977), Teenoso (1983)

text: Leading trainer (7 wins):

text:
Robert Robson – Waxy (1793), Tyrant (1802), Pope (1809), Whalebone (1810), Whisker (1815), Azor (1817), Emilius (1823)
John Porter – Blue Gown (1868), Shotover (1882), St. Blaise (1883), Ormonde (1886), Sainfoin (1890), Common (1891), Flying Fox (1899)
Fred Darling – Captain Cuttle (1922), Manna (1925), Coronach (1926), Cameronian (1931), Bois Roussel (1938), Pont l'Eveque (1940), Owen Tudor (1941)[N 1]

text: Leading owner (7 wins): (includes part ownership)

text: Sue Magnier, Michael Tabor – Galileo (2001), High Chaparral (2002), Pour Moi (2011), Camelot (2012), Ruler Of The World (2013), Australia (2014), Wings of Eagles (2017)

text: Dams of two winners:

text:
Flyer (Rhadamanthus and Daedalus)
Highflyer mare, known as Eagle's Dam, (Didelot and Spread Eagle)
Horatia (Archduke and Paris)
Arethusa (Ditto and Pan)
Penelope (Whalebone and Whisker)
Canopus mare (Lap-dog and Spaniel)
Arcot Lass (St. Giles and Bloomsbury)
Emma (Mündig and Cotherstone)
Morganette (Galtee More and Ard Patrick)
Perdita II (Persimmon and Diamond Jubilee)
Windmill Girl (Blakeney and Morston)
Urban Sea (Galileo and Sea the Stars)[13]
Fastest winning time (at Epsom) – 2m 31.33s, Workforce (2010)
Widest winning margin – 10 lengths, Shergar (1981)
Longest odds winners – Jeddah (1898), Signorinetta (1908), Aboyeur (1913), 100/1
Shortest odds winner – Ladas (1894), 2/9
Most runners – 34 (1862)
Fewest runners – 4 (1794)

text: Winners[edit]

text:
Year

Winner

Jockey

Trainer

Owner

Dist. [a]

Time

1780

Diomed

Sam Arnull

R. Teasdale

Sir Charles Bunbury

1781

Young Eclipse

Charles Hindley

Dennis O'Kelly

1782

Assassin

Sam Arnull

Frank Neale

3rd Earl of Egremont

1783

Saltram

Charles Hindley

Frank Neale

John Parker

1784

Serjeant

John Arnull

Dennis O'Kelly

1785

Aimwell

Charles Hindley

John Pratt

1st Earl of Clermont

1786

Noble

J. White

Frank Neale

Tommy Panton

1787

Sir Peter Teazle

Sam Arnull

Saunders

12th Earl of Derby

1788

Sir Thomas

William South

Frank Neale

HRH Prince of Wales

1789

Skyscraper

Sam Chifney

Matt Stephenson

5th Duke of Bedford

1790

Rhadamanthus

John Arnull

John Pratt

1st Earl Grosvenor

1791

Eager

Matt Stephenson

Matt Stephenson

5th Duke of Bedford

1792

John Bull

Frank Buckle

John Pratt

1st Earl Grosvenor

1793

Waxy

Bill Clift

Robert Robson

Sir Ferdinand Poole

1794

Daedalus

Frank Buckle

John Pratt

1st Earl Grosvenor

1795

Spread Eagle

Anthony Wheatley

Richard Prince

Sir Frank Standish

1796

Didelot

John Arnull

Richard Prince

Sir Frank Standish

1797

Colt by Fidget

John Singleton, Jr.

Matt Stephenson

5th Duke of Bedford

1798

Sir Harry

Sam Arnull

Frank Neale

Joseph Cookson

1799

Archduke

John Arnull

Richard Prince

Sir Frank Standish

1800

Champion

Bill Clift

Tom Perren

Christopher Wilson

1801

Eleanor

John Saunders

J. Frost

Sir Charles Bunbury

1802

Tyrant

Frank Buckle

Robert Robson

3rd Duke of Grafton

1803

Ditto

Bill Clift

John Lonsdale

Sir Hedworth Williamson

1804

Hannibal

Bill Arnull

Frank Neale

3rd Earl of Egremont

1805

Cardinal Beaufort

Dennis Fitzpatrick

Dixon Boyce

3rd Earl of Egremont

1806

Paris

John Shepherd

Richard Prince

3rd Baron Foley

1807

Election

John Arnull

Dixon Boyce

3rd Earl of Egremont

1808

Pan

Frank Collinson

John Lonsdale

Sir Hedworth Williamson

1809

Pope

Tom Goodisson

Robert Robson

3rd Duke of Grafton

00.25 nk

1810

Whalebone

Bill Clift

Robert Robson

3rd Duke of Grafton

1811

Phantom

Frank Buckle

James Edwards

Sir John Shelley

1812

Octavius

Bill Arnull

Dixon Boyce

Robert Ladbroke

1813

Smolensko

Tom Goodisson

Crouch

Sir Charles Bunbury

1814

Blucher

Bill Arnull

Dixon Boyce

2nd Baron Stawell

1815

Whisker

Tom Goodisson

Robert Robson

4th Duke of Grafton

1816

Prince Leopold

Will Wheatley

William Butler

HRH Duke of York

1817

Azor

Jem Robinson

Robert Robson

John Payne

1818

Sam

Sam Chifney, Jr.

William Chifney

Thomas Thornhill

1819

Tiresias

Bill Clift

Richard Prince

4th Duke of Portland

1820

Sailor

Sam Chifney, Jr.

William Chifney

Thomas Thornhill

1821

Gustavus

Sam Day

Crouch

John Hunter

1822

Moses

Tom Goodisson

William Butler

HRH Duke of York

1823

Emilius

Frank Buckle

Robert Robson

John Udny

1824

Cedric

Jem Robinson

James Edwards

Sir John Shelley

1825

Middleton

Jem Robinson

James Edwards

5th Earl of Jersey

1826

Lap-dog

George Dockeray

R. Stephenson

3rd Earl of Egremont

1827

Mameluke

Jem Robinson

James Edwards

5th Earl of Jersey

1828

Cadland [b]

Jem Robinson

Dixon Boyce

5th Duke of Rutland

00 dh

1829

Frederick

John Forth

John Forth

William Gratwicke

1830

Priam

Sam Day

William Chifney

William Chifney

1831

Spaniel

Will Wheatley

J. Rogers

Viscount Lowther

1832

St. Giles

Bill Scott

J. Webb

Robert Ridsdale

1833

Dangerous

Jem Chapple

Isaac Sadler

Isaac Sadler

1834

Plenipotentiary

Patrick Conolly

George Payne

Stanlake Batson

1835

Mündig

Bill Scott

John Scott

John Bowes

1836

Bay Middleton

Jem Robinson

James Edwards

5th Earl of Jersey

02 2

1837

Phosphorus

George Edwards

John Doe

Lord Berners

1838

Amato

Jem Chapple

Ralph Sherwood

Sir Gilbert Heathcote

1839

Bloomsbury

Sim Templeman

William Ridsdale

William Ridsdale

1840

Little Wonder

William Macdonald

John Forth

David Robertson

1841

Coronation

Patrick Conolly

Ben Painter

Abraham Rawlinson

1842

Attila

Bill Scott

John Scott

George Anson

1843

Cotherstone

Bill Scott

John Scott

John Bowes

02 2

1844

Orlando [c]

Nat Flatman

W. Cooper

Jonathan Peel

1845

The Merry Monarch

Foster Bell

John Forth

William Gratwicke

1846

Pyrrhus The First

Sam Day

John Day

John Gully

175 2:55

1847

Cossack

Sim Templeman

John Day

T. H. Pedley

172 2:52

1848

Surplice

Sim Templeman

John Kent, Jr.

3rd Viscount Clifden

168 2:48

1849

The Flying Dutchman

Charles Marlow

John Fobert

13th Earl of Eglinton

00.1875 snk

180 3:00

1850

Voltigeur

Job Marson

Robert Hill

2nd Earl of Zetland

170 2:50

1851

Teddington

Job Marson

Alec Taylor, Sr.

Sir Joseph Hawley

02 2

171 2:51

1852

Daniel O'Rourke

Frank Butler

John Scott

John Bowes

182 3:02

1853

West Australian

Frank Butler

John Scott

John Bowes

00.25 nk

175 2:55

1854

Andover

Alfred Day

John Day

John Gully

01 1

172 2:52

1855

Wild Dayrell

Robert Sherwood

John Rickaby

Francis Popham

174 2:54

1856

Ellington

Tom Aldcroft

Tom Dawson

Octavius Vernon Harcourt

01 1

184 3:04

1857

Blink Bonny

Jack Charlton

William I'Anson

William I'Anson

00.25 nk

165 2:45

1858

Beadsman

John Wells

George Manning

Sir Joseph Hawley

01 1

174 2:54

1859

Musjid

John Wells

George Manning

Sir Joseph Hawley

00.5 ½'

179 2:59

1860

Thormanby

Harry Custance

Mathew Dawson

James Merry

01.5 1½

175 2:55

1861

Kettledrum

Ralph Bullock

G. Oates

Charles Towneley

01 1

165 2:45

1862

Caractacus

John Parsons

Robert Smith

Charles Snewing

00.25 nk

165 2:45

1863

Macaroni

Tom Chaloner

James Godding

Richard Naylor

00.125 hd

170 2:50

1864

Blair Athol

Jim Snowden

William I'Anson

William I'Anson

02 2

163 2:43

1865

Gladiateur

Harry Grimshaw

Tom Jennings, Sr.

Frédéric de Lagrange

02 2

166 2:46

1866

Lord Lyon

Harry Custance

James Dover

Richard Sutton

00.125 hd

170 2:50

1867

Hermit

John Daley

G. Bloss

Henry Chaplin

00.25 nk

162 2:42

1868

Blue Gown

John Wells

John Porter

Sir Joseph Hawley

00.5 ½

163 2:43

1869

Pretender

John Osborne Jr.

Tom Dawson

John Johnstone

00.0625 shd

172 2:52

1870

Kingcraft

Tom French

Mathew Dawson

6th Viscount Falmouth

04 4

165 2:45

1871

Favonius

Tom French

Joseph Hayhoe

Mayer A. de Rothschild

01.5 1½

170 2:50

1872

Cremorne

Charlie Maidment

William Gilbert

Henry Savile

00.125 hd

165 2:45

1873

Doncaster

Fred Webb

Robert Peck

James Merry

170 2:50

1874

George Frederick

Harry Custance

Tom Leader

W. S. Cartwright

02 2

166 2:46

1875

Galopin

Jack Morris

John Dawson

Gusztáv Batthyány

01 1

168 2:48

1876

Kisber

Charlie Maidment

Joseph Hayhoe

Alexander Baltazzi

05 5

164 2:44

1877

Silvio

Fred Archer

Mathew Dawson

6th Viscount Falmouth

00.5 ½

170 2:50

1878

Sefton

Harry Constable

Alec Taylor, Sr.

William Stirling Crawfurd

01.5 1½

176 2:56

1879

Sir Bevys

George Fordham

Joseph Hayhoe

Lionel de Rothschild

00.75 ¾

182 3:02

1880

Bend Or

Fred Archer

Robert Peck

1st Duke of Westminster

00.125 hd

166 2:46

1881

Iroquois

Fred Archer

Jacob Pincus

Pierre Lorillard IV

00.25 nk

170 2:50

1882

Shotover

Tom Cannon, Sr.

John Porter

1st Duke of Westminster

00.75 ¾

165 2:45

1883

St. Blaise

Charles Wood

John Porter

Sir Frederick Johnstone

00.125 hd

168 2:48

1884(dh)

HarvesterSt. Gatien

Sam LoatesCharles Wood

James JewittRobert Sherwood

Sir J. WilloughbyJack Hammond

00 dh

166 2:46

1885

Melton

Fred Archer

Mathew Dawson

20th Baron Hastings

00.125 hd

164 2:44

1886

Ormonde

Fred Archer

John Porter

1st Duke of Westminster

01.5 1½

165 2:45.6

1887

Merry Hampton

John Watts

Martin Gurry

George Alexander Baird

04. 4

163 2:43

1888

Ayrshire

Fred Barrett

George Dawson

6th Duke of Portland

02 2'

163 2:43

1889

Donovan

Tommy Loates

George Dawson

6th Duke of Portland

01.50 1½

164 2:44

1890

Sainfoin

John Watts

John Porter

James Miller

00.75 ¾

169 2:49

1891

Common

George Barrett

John Porter

Sir Frederick Johnstone

02 2

176 2:56

1892

Sir Hugo

Fred Allsopp

Tom Wadlow

3rd Earl of Bradford

00.75 ¾

164 2:44

1893

Isinglass

Tommy Loates

James Jewitt

Harry McCalmont

01.5 1½

163 2:43

1894

Ladas

John Watts

Mathew Dawson

5th Earl of Rosebery

01.5 1½

165 2:45

1895

Sir Visto

Sam Loates

Mathew Dawson

5th Earl of Rosebery

00.75 ¾

163 2:43

1896

Persimmon

John Watts

Richard Marsh

HRH Prince of Wales

00.25 nk

162 2:42

1897

Galtee More

Charles Wood

Sam Darling

John Gubbins

02 2

164 2:44

1898

Jeddah

Otto Madden

Richard Marsh

James Larnach

00.75 ¾

167 2:47

1899

Flying Fox

Morny Cannon

John Porter

1st Duke of Westminster

02 2

162 2:42

1900

Diamond Jubilee

Herbert Jones

Richard Marsh

HRH Prince of Wales

00.5 ½

162 2:42

1901

Volodyovski

Lester Reiff

John Huggins

William C. Whitney

00.75 ¾

160.8 2:40.8

1902

Ard Patrick

Skeets Martin

Sam Darling

John Gubbins

03 3

162.2 2:42.2

1903

Rock Sand

Danny Maher

George Blackwell

James Miller

02 2

162.8 2:42.8

1904

St. Amant

Kempton Cannon

Alfred Hayhoe

Leopold de Rothschild

03 3

165.4 2:45.4

1905

Cicero

Danny Maher

Percy Peck

5th Earl of Rosebery

00.75 ¾

159.8 2:39.6

1906

Spearmint

Danny Maher

Peter Gilpin

Major Eustace Loder

01.50 1½

156.8 2:36.8

1907

Orby

John Reiff

Fred McCabe

Richard Croker

02 2

164 2:44

1908

Signorinetta

Billy Bullock

Edoardo Ginistrelli

Edoardo Ginistrelli

02 2

159.8 2:39.8

1909

Minoru

Herbert Jones

Richard Marsh

King Edward VII

00.0625 shd

162.7 2:42.7

1910

Lemberg

Bernard Dillon

Alec Taylor, Jr.

Alfred Cox

00.25 nk

155.2 2:35.2

1911

Sunstar

George Stern

Charles Morton

Jack Barnato Joel

02 2

156.8 2:36.8

1912

Tagalie

John Reiff

Dawson Waugh

Walter Raphael

04 4

158.8 2:38.8

1913

Aboyeur [d]

Edwin Piper

Tom Lewis

Alan Cunliffe

00.25 nk

157.6 2:37.6

1914

Durbar

Matt McGee

Tom Murphy

Herman Duryea

03 3

158.4 2:38.4

1915

Pommern

Steve Donoghue

Charles Peck

Solomon Joel

02 2

152.6 2:32.6

1916

Fifinella

Joe Childs

Dick Dawson

Sir Edward Hulton

00.25 nk

156.6 2:36.6

1917

Gay Crusader

Steve Donoghue

Alec Taylor, Jr.

Alfred Cox

04 4

160.6 2:40.6

1918

Gainsborough

Joe Childs

Alec Taylor, Jr.

Lady James Douglas

01.5 1½

153.2 2:33.2

1919

Grand Parade

Fred Templeman

Frank Barling

1st Baron Glanely

00.5 ½

155.8 2:35.8

1920

Spion Kop

Frank O'Neill

Peter Gilpin

Giles Loder

02 2

154.8 2:34.8

1921

Humorist

Steve Donoghue

Charles Morton

Jack Barnato Joel

00.25 nk

156.2 2:36.2

1922

Captain Cuttle

Steve Donoghue

Fred Darling

1st Baron Woolavington

04 4

154.6 2:34.6

1923

Papyrus

Steve Donoghue

Basil Jarvis

Ben Irish

01 1

158 2:38

1924

Sansovino

Tommy Weston

George Lambton

17th Earl of Derby

06 6

166 2:46

1925

Manna

Steve Donoghue

Fred Darling

Henry E. Morriss

08 8

160.6 2:40.6

1926

Coronach

Joe Childs

Fred Darling

1st Baron Woolavington

05 5

167.8 2:47.8

1927

Call Boy

Charlie Elliott

John E. Watts

Frank Curzon

02 2

154.4 2:34.4

1928

Felstead

Harry Wragg

Ossie Bell

Sir Hugo Cunliffe-Owen

01.5 1½

154.8 2:34.8

1929

Trigo

Joe Marshall

Dick Dawson

William Barnett

01.5 1½

156.4 2:36.4

1930

Blenheim

Harry Wragg

Dick Dawson

HH Aga Khan III

01 1

158.2 2:38.2

1931

Cameronian

Freddie Fox

Fred Darling

Arthur Dewar

00.75 ¾

156.6 2:36.6

1932

April the Fifth

Fred Lane

Tom Walls

Tom Walls

00.75 ¾

163.2 2:43.2

1933

Hyperion

Tommy Weston

George Lambton

17th Earl of Derby

04 4

154 2:34

1934

Windsor Lad

Charles Smirke

Marcus Marsh

Maharaja Sir Vijaysinhji of Rajpipla

01 1

154 2:34

1935

Bahram

Freddie Fox

Frank Butters

HH Aga Khan III

02 2

156 2:36

1936

Mahmoud

Charles Smirke

Frank Butters

HH Aga Khan III

03 3

153.8 2:33.8

1937

Mid-day Sun

Michael Beary

Fred Butters

Lettice Mary Miller

01.5 1½

157.6 2:37.6

1938

Bois Roussel

Charlie Elliott

Fred Darling

Peter Beatty

04 4

159.2 2:39.2

1939

Blue Peter

Eph Smith

Jack Jarvis

6th Earl of Rosebery

04 4

156.8 2:36.8

1940

Pont l'Eveque

Sam Wragg

Fred Darling

Fred Darling

03 3

150.8 2:30.8

1941

Owen Tudor

Billy Nevett

Fred Darling

C. Macdonald-Buchanan

01.5 1½

152 2:32

1942

Watling Street

Harry Wragg

Walter Earl

17th Earl of Derby

00.25 nk

149.6 2:29.6

1943

Straight Deal

Tommy Carey

Walter Nightingall

Dorothy Paget

00.125 hd

150.4 2:30.4

1944

Ocean Swell

Billy Nevett

Jack Jarvis

6th Earl of Rosebery

00.25 nk

151 2:31

1945

Dante

Billy Nevett

Matthew Peacock

Sir Eric Ohlson

02 2

146.6 2:26.6

1946

Airborne

Tommy Lowrey

Dick Perryman

John E. Ferguson

01 1

154.6 2:44.6

1947

Pearl Diver

Georges Bridgland

Percy Carter

Baron Geoffroy de Waldner

04 4

158.4 2:38.4

1948

My Love

Rae Johnstone

Richard Carver

HH Aga Khan III / Volterra

01.5 1½

160 2:40

1949

Nimbus

Charlie Elliott

George Colling

Marion Glenister

00.125 hd

162 2:42

1950

Galcador

Rae Johnstone

Charles Semblat

Marcel Boussac

00.125 hd

156.8 2:36.8

1951

Arctic Prince

Chuck Spares

Willie Stephenson

Joseph McGrath

06 6

159.4 2:39.4

1952

Tulyar

Charles Smirke

Marcus Marsh

HH Aga Khan III

00.75 ¾

156.4 2:36.4

1953

Pinza

Sir Gordon Richards

Norman Bertie

Sir Victor Sassoon

04 4

155.6 2:35.6

1954

Never Say Die

Lester Piggott

Joseph Lawson

Robert Sterling Clark

02 2

155.8 2:35.8

1955

Phil Drake

Freddie Palmer

François Mathet

Suzy Volterra

02 2

159.8 2:39.8

1956

Lavandin

Rae Johnstone

Alec Head

Pierre Wertheimer

00.25 nk

156.4 2:36.4

1957

Crepello

Lester Piggott

Noel Murless

Sir Victor Sassoon

01.5 1½

155.4 2:35.4

1958

Hard Ridden

Charles Smirke

Mick Rogers

Sir Victor Sassoon

05 5

161.2 2:41.2

1959

Parthia

Harry Carr

Cecil Boyd-Rochfort

Sir Humphrey de Trafford

01.5 1½

156.0 2:36.0

1960

St. Paddy

Lester Piggott

Noel Murless

Sir Victor Sassoon

03 3

155.8 2:35.8

1961

Psidium

Roger Poincelet

Harry Wragg

Etti Plesch

02 2

156.4 2:36.4

1962

Larkspur

Neville Sellwood

Vincent O'Brien

Raymond R. Guest

02 2

157.6 2:37.6

1963

Relko

Yves Saint-Martin

François Mathet

François Dupré

06 6

159.4 2:39.4

1964

Santa Claus

Scobie Breasley

Mick Rogers

John Ismay

01 1

161.98 2:41.98

1965

Sea Bird

Pat Glennon

Etienne Pollet

Jean Ternynck

02 2

158.41 2:38.41

1966

Charlottown

Scobie Breasley

Gordon Smyth

Lady Zia Wernher

00.25 nk

157.63 2:37.63

1967

Royal Palace

George Moore

Noel Murless

Jim Joel

02.5 2½

158.36 2:38.36

1968

Sir Ivor

Lester Piggott

Vincent O'Brien

Raymond R. Guest

01.5 1½

158.73 2:38.73

1969

Blakeney

Ernie Johnson

Arthur Budgett

Arthur Budgett

01 1

160.30 2:40.30

1970

Nijinsky

Lester Piggott

Vincent O'Brien

Charles W. Engelhard, Jr.

02.5 2½

154.68 2:34.68

1971

Mill Reef

Geoff Lewis

Ian Balding

Paul Mellon

02 2

157.14 2:37.14

1972

Roberto

Lester Piggott

Vincent O'Brien

John W. Galbreath

00.0625 shd

156.09 2:36.09

1973

Morston

Edward Hide

Arthur Budgett

Arthur Budgett

00.5 ½

155.92 2:35.92

1974

Snow Knight

Brian Taylor

Peter Nelson

Sharon Phillips

02 2

155.04 2:35.04

1975

Grundy

Pat Eddery

Peter Walwyn

Carlo Vittadini

03 3

155.35 2:35.35

1976

Empery

Lester Piggott

Maurice Zilber

Nelson Bunker Hunt

03 3

155.69 2:35.69

1977

The Minstrel

Lester Piggott

Vincent O'Brien

Robert Sangster

00.25 nk

156.44 2:36.44

1978

Shirley Heights

Greville Starkey

John Dunlop

2nd Earl of Halifax

00.125 hd

155.30 2:35.30

1979

Troy

Willie Carson

Dick Hern

Sobell / Weinstock

07 7

156.59 2:36.59

1980

Henbit

Willie Carson

Dick Hern

Etti Plesch

00.5 ½

154.77 2:34.77

1981

Shergar

Walter Swinburn

Michael Stoute

HH Aga Khan IV

10 10

164.21 2:44.21

1982

Golden Fleece

Pat Eddery

Vincent O'Brien

Robert Sangster

03 3

154.27 2:34.27

1983

Teenoso

Lester Piggott

Geoff Wragg

Eric Moller

03 3

169.07 2:49.07

1984

Secreto

Christy Roche

David O'Brien

Luigi Miglietti

00.0625 shd

159.12 2:39.12

1985

Slip Anchor

Steve Cauthen

Henry Cecil

Lord Howard de Walden

07 7

156.23 2:36.23

1986

Shahrastani

Walter Swinburn

Michael Stoute

HH Aga Khan IV

00.5 ½

157.13 2:37.13

1987

Reference Point

Steve Cauthen

Henry Cecil

Louis Freedman

01.5 1½

153.90 2:33.90

1988

Kahyasi

Ray Cochrane

Luca Cumani

HH Aga Khan IV

01.5 1½

153.84 2:33.84

1989

Nashwan

Willie Carson

Dick Hern

Hamdan Al Maktoum

05 5

154.90 2:34.90

1990

Quest for Fame

Pat Eddery

Roger Charlton

Khalid Abdullah

03 3

157.26 2:37.26

1991

Generous

Alan Munro

Paul Cole

Prince Fahd bin Salman

05 5

154.00 2:34.00

1992

Dr Devious[14]

John Reid

Peter Chapple-Hyam

Sidney H. Craig

02 2

156.19 2:36.19

1993

Commander in Chief[15]

Michael Kinane

Henry Cecil

Khalid Abdullah

03.5 3½

154.51 2:34.51

1994

Erhaab[16]

Willie Carson

John Dunlop

Hamdan Al Maktoum

01.25 1¼

154.16 2:34.16

1995

Lammtarra[17]

Walter Swinburn

Saeed bin Suroor

Saeed bin M. Al Maktoum

01 1

152.31 2:32.31

1996

Shaamit[18]

Michael Hills

William Haggas

Khalifa Dasmal

01.25 1¼

155.05 2:35.05

1997

Benny the Dip[19]

Willie Ryan

John Gosden

Landon Knight

00.0625 shd

155.77 2:35.77

1998

High-Rise[20]

Olivier Peslier

Luca Cumani

M. Obaid Al Maktoum

00.125 hd

153.88 2:33.88

1999

Oath[21]

Kieren Fallon

Henry Cecil

The Thoroughbred Corp.

01.75 1¾

157.43 2:37.43

2000

Sinndar[22]

Johnny Murtagh

John Oxx

HH Aga Khan IV

01 1

156.75 2:36.75

2001

Galileo[23]

Michael Kinane

Aidan O'Brien

Magnier / Tabor

03.5 3½

153.27 2:33.27

2002

High Chaparral[24]

Johnny Murtagh

Aidan O'Brien

Magnier / Tabor

02 2

159.45 2:39.45

2003

Kris Kin[25]

Kieren Fallon

Sir Michael Stoute

Saeed Suhail

01 1

153.35 2:33.35

2004

North Light[26]

Kieren Fallon

Sir Michael Stoute

Ballymacoll Stud

01.5 1½

153.72 2:33.72

2005

Motivator[27]

Johnny Murtagh

Michael Bell

Royal Ascot Racing Club

05 5

155.69 2:35.69

2006

Sir Percy[28]

Martin Dwyer

Marcus Tregoning

Anthony Pakenham

00.0625 shd

155.23 2:35.23

2007

Authorized[29]

Frankie Dettori

Peter Chapple-Hyam

Al Homaizi / Al Sagar

05 5

154.77 2:34.77

2008

New Approach[30]

Kevin Manning

Jim Bolger

Princess Haya of Jordan

00.5 ½

156.50 2:36.50

2009

Sea the Stars[31]

Michael Kinane

John Oxx

Christopher Tsui

01.75 1¾

156.74 2:36.74

2010

Workforce[32]

Ryan Moore

Sir Michael Stoute

Khalid Abdullah

07 7

151.33 2:31.33

2011

Pour Moi[33]

Mickael Barzalona

André Fabre

Magnier / Tabor / Smith

00.125 hd

154.54 2:34.54

2012

Camelot[34]

Joseph O'Brien

Aidan O'Brien

Smith / Magnier / Tabor /

05 5

153.90 2:33.90

2013

Ruler of the World[35]

Ryan Moore

Aidan O'Brien

Magnier / Tabor / Smith

01.5 1½

159.06 2:39.06

2014

Australia[36]

Joseph O'Brien

Aidan O'Brien

Smith, Magnier, Tabor, Khing

01.25 1¼

153.63 2:33.63

2015

Golden Horn[37]

Frankie Dettori

John Gosden

Anthony Oppenheimer

03.50 3½

152.32 2:32.32

2016

Harzand[38]

Pat Smullen

Dermot Weld

HH Aga Khan IV

01.5 1½

160.09 2:40.09

2017

Wings of Eagles[39]

Padraig Beggy

Aidan O'Brien

Smith / Magnier / Tabor

00.75 ¾

153.02 2:33.02

2018

Masar

William Buick

Charlie Appleby

Godolphin

01.5 1½

154.93 2:34.93

text:
a  Winning distances are shown in lengths or shorter (dh = dead-heat; shd = short-head; hd = head; snk = short-neck; nk = neck).

b  The 1828 race finished as a dead-heat, but Cadland won a run-off against The Colonel by ½ length.

c d  The 1844 and 1913 winners were awarded victory after the disqualification of the first-placed horse.

text: Timeline[edit]

text:
1805: One of the horses was brought down by a spectator.
1825: Middleton never raced before or after winning the Derby.
1838: Amato never raced before or after winning the Derby.
1844: The original winner Running Rein was disqualified as he was actually an ineligible four-year-old horse named Maccabeus.[40]
1881: Iroquois became the first American-bred to win a leg of the British triple crown.
1884: The race finished with a dead-heat between Harvester and St. Gatien.
1887: Merry Hampton is the most recent horse to win the Derby with no previous victories.
1894: The winner was owned by the Prime Minister at the time, the 5th Earl of Rosebery.
1901: The first year in which a mechanical starting gate was used.
1909: Minoru was the first Derby winner owned by a reigning monarch, King Edward VII, who had previously won twice as Prince of Wales.
1913: The 6/4 favourite Craganour, owned by Charles B. Ismay, brother of J. Bruce Ismay of the Titanic, was controversially disqualified, and the race was awarded to the 100/1 outsider Aboyeur. Suffragette Emily Davison was struck by King George V's horse, Anmer, she died four days later.
1916: Fifinella, who also won The Oaks, is the most recent (as of 2017) of six fillies to win the race. The previous five were Eleanor (1801), Blink Bonny (1857), Shotover (1882), Signorinetta (1908), Tagalie (1912).
1921: The winner Humorist died two weeks after the race.
1927: The first Derby to be broadcast by the BBC.
1932: April the Fifth is the most recent winner trained at Epsom.
1946: Airborne is the most recent (as of 2017) of four grey horses to win the Derby.
1953: Pinza was the only winner in the race for the jockey Sir Gordon Richards, after 27 unsuccessful attempts.
1960: Although there had been an experimental TV transmission of the race in the early 1930s, regular television coverage of the Derby began this year, initially on both BBC and ITV.
1967: Starting stalls used for the first time.
1989: The runner-up Terimon is the longest-priced horse to finish placed in the Derby, at odds of 500/1.
1996: Alex Greaves became the first female jockey to ride in the race. She finished last of the 20 runners on the filly Portuguese Lil.[18]
1998: The most recent (as of 2018) filly to take part, the 1,000 Guineas winner Cape Verdi, started as 11/4 favourite but could only finish ninth.[20]
2006: Martin Dwyer's winning ride on Sir Percy subsequently won the Lester Award for "Flat Ride of the Year".[28]
2007: Authorized provided jockey Frankie Dettori with his first winner in the Derby after 14 previous attempts.[29]
2008: Jim Bolger, the trainer of the winner New Approach, had left the horse entered for the race "by mistake", having not initially intended to run.[30]
2010: Workforce broke the Epsom track record winning in the time 2m 31.33s previously held by Lammtarra who set it in 1995 at 2m 32.31s.[32]
2011: Pour Moi Jockey Mickael Barzalona celebrated before the finishline winning by just a head.[33]
2012: Aidan O'Brien and his 19-year-old son Joseph became the first father-son/trainer-jockey combination to win the race.[41] Hayley Turner became the second female jockey to ride in the race, on Cavaleiro, finishing last of the nine horses which went to post, the lowest number since 1907.[34]
2014: Aidan O'Brien became the first person to train three consecutive winners of the race.[36]
2017: Ana O'Brien, daughter of Aidan, was the third female jockey to ride in the race, on The Anvil. By finishing 17th of the 18 runners, she became the first woman to beat another runner to the line.[39]


document_title: Dennis Rader

question_text: who is the kansas city killer in mindhunter

text: Dennis Rader

text: Early life and career[edit]

text: Dennis Rader is the oldest of four sons born to Dorothea Mae Rader (née Cook) and William Elvin Rader.[1] Though born in Pittsburg, Kansas, he grew up in Wichita. According to many reports, including his confessions, he tortured animals as a child.[2] He also had a sexual fetish for women's underwear and stole underpants from his victims and wore them himself.[3]

text: Rader spent 1966–1970 in the United States Air Force.[3] Upon discharge, he moved to Park City, where he worked in the meat department of a Leekers IGA supermarket where his mother was a bookkeeper.[4] He married Paula Dietz on May 22, 1971, and had two children.[5][6] He attended Butler County Community College in El Dorado, earning an associate degree in electronics in 1973.[7] He then enrolled at Wichita State University, and graduated in 1979 with a bachelor's in administration of justice.

text: Rader worked as an assembler for the Coleman Company, an outdoor supply company. He worked at the Wichita-based office of ADT Security Services from 1974 to 1988, where he installed security alarms as a part of his job, in many cases for homeowners concerned about the BTK killings.[5][8] Rader was a census field operations supervisor for the Wichita area in 1989, before the 1990 federal census.[9] In May 1991, he became a dogcatcher and compliance officer in Park City.[10][5][11][12] In this position, neighbors recalled him as being sometimes overzealous and extremely strict. One neighbor complained he euthanized her dog for no reason.[13]

text: On March 2, 2005, the Park City council terminated Rader's employment for failure to report to work or call in. He had been arrested for the murders five days earlier.[10]

text: Rader was a member of Christ Lutheran Church and had been elected president of the church council.[5][14] He was also a Cub Scout leader.[5] On July 26, 2005, after Rader's arrest, his wife was granted an immediate divorce.[6][15]

text: Crimes[edit]

text: Victims[edit]

text: All of Rader's known crimes occurred in Kansas. He killed ten people in total and collected items from each murder scene. He also intended to kill others, notably Anna Williams, who in 1979 aged 63, escaped death by returning home much later than he expected. Rader explained during his confession that he became obsessed with Williams and was "absolutely livid" when she evaded him. He spent hours waiting at her home but became impatient and left when she did not return home from visiting friends.[16] Two of the women Rader had stalked in the 1980s and one he had stalked in the mid-1990s filed restraining orders against him; one of them also moved away.[17]

text: Rader admitted in his interrogation that he had been planning to kill again. He had set a date, October 2004, and was stalking his intended victim.[17]

text:
Name
Sex
Age
Date of Death
Place of Death
Cause of Death
Weapon Used

Joseph Otero
M
38
January 15, 1974
803 North Edgemoor Street, Wichita
Suffocated
Plastic bags

Julie Otero
F
33
Strangled
Rope

Joseph Otero, Jr.
M
9
Suffocated
Plastic bag

Josephine Otero
F
11
Hanged from a drainage pipe
Rope

Kathryn Bright
F
21
April 4, 1974
3217 East 13th Street North, Wichita
died at Wesley Medical Center.

Stabbed 11 times in torso and back
Knife

Shirley Vian
F
24
March 17, 1977
1311 South Hydraulic Street, Wichita
Strangled
Rope

Nancy Fox
F
25
December 8, 1977
843 South Pershing Street, Wichita
Strangled
Belt

Marine Hedge
F
53
April 27, 1985
6254 North Independence Street, Park City
Strangled
Hand(s)

Vicki Wegerle
F
28
September 16, 1986
2404 West 13th Street North, Wichita
Strangled
Nylon stocking

Dolores E. Davis
F
62
January 19, 1991
6226 North Hillside Street, Wichita
Strangled
Pantyhose

text: With the exception of Hedge and Davis, all victims' bodies were found on the date and at the location of death. Hedge was found eight days later on May 5, 1985, at East 53rd Street North between North Webb Road and North Greenwich Road in Wichita. Davis was found 13 days later on February 1, 1991, at West 117th Street North and North Meridian Street in Sedgwick.

text: Case history[edit]

text: Rader was particularly known for sending taunting letters to police and newspapers.[18][19][20] He authored many communications from 1974 to 1979. The first was a letter that had been stashed inside an engineering book in the Wichita Public Library in October 1974 that described, in detail, the killing of the Otero family in January of that year.[9] In early 1978, he sent another letter to television station KAKE in Wichita, claiming responsibility for the murders of the Oteros, Kathryn Bright, Shirley Vian and Nancy Fox.[9] He suggested many possible names for himself, including the one that stuck: BTK. He demanded media attention in this second letter, and it was finally announced that Wichita did indeed have a serial killer at large. A poem was enclosed titled "Oh! Death to Nancy," a parody of the lyrics to the American folk song "O Death."[21][22]

text: In 1988, after the murders of three members of the Fager family in Wichita, a letter was received from someone claiming to be the BTK killer, in which the author of the letter denied being the perpetrator of the Fager murders. The author credited the killer with having done "admirable work." It was not proven until 2005 that this letter was, in fact, written by Rader. He is not considered by police to have committed this crime.[22]

text: By 2004, the investigation of the BTK Killer was cold. Then, Rader began a series of 11 communications to the local media that led directly to his arrest in February 2005. In March 2004, The Wichita Eagle received a letter from someone using the return address Bill Thomas Killman. The author of the letter claimed that he had murdered Vicki Wegerle on September 16, 1986, and enclosed photographs of the crime scene and a photocopy of her driver's license, which had been stolen at the time of the crime.[23] Before this, it had not been definitively established that Wegerle was killed by BTK.[23] DNA collected from under Wegerle's fingernails provided police with previously unknown evidence. They then began DNA testing hundreds of men in an effort to find the serial killer.[24] Altogether, over 1,300 DNA samples were taken and later destroyed by court order.[25]

text: In May 2004, television station KAKE in Wichita received a letter with chapter headings for the "BTK Story," fake IDs, and a word puzzle.[4] On June 9, 2004, a package was found taped to a stop sign at the corner of First and Kansas in Wichita. It had graphic descriptions of the Otero murders and a sketch labeled "The Sexual Thrill Is My Bill."[26] Also enclosed was a chapter list for a proposed book titled The BTK Story, which mimicked a story written in 1999 by Court TV crime writer David Lohr. Chapter One was titled "A Serial Killer Is Born." In July, a package was dropped into the return slot at the downtown public library containing more bizarre material, including the claim that he was responsible for the death of 19-year-old Jake Allen in Argonia, Kansas earlier that month. This claim was false, and the death was ruled a suicide.[27] In October 2004, a manila envelope was dropped into a UPS box in Wichita. It had many cards with images of terror and bondage of children pasted on them, a poem threatening the life of lead investigator Lt. Ken Landwehr, and a false autobiography with many details about Rader's life. These details were later released to the public.[citation needed]

text: In December 2004, Wichita police received another package from the BTK killer.[28] This time, the package was found in Wichita's Murdock Park. It had the driver's license of Nancy Fox, which was noted as stolen from the crime scene, as well as a doll that was symbolically bound at the hands and feet, and had a plastic bag tied over its head.[27]

text: In January 2005, Rader attempted to leave a cereal box in the bed of a pickup truck at a Home Depot in Wichita, but the box was discarded by the truck's owner. It was later retrieved from the trash after Rader asked what had become of it in a later message. Surveillance tape of the parking lot from that date revealed a distant figure driving a black Jeep Cherokee leaving the box in the pickup. In February, more postcards were sent to KAKE, and another cereal box left at a rural location was found to contain another bound doll, apparently meant to symbolize the murder of 11-year-old Josephine Otero.[citation needed]

text: In his letters to police, Rader asked if his writings, if put on a floppy disk, could be traced or not. The police answered his question in a newspaper ad posted in the Wichita Eagle saying it would be safe to use the disk. On February 16, 2005, Rader sent a purple 1.44-Megabyte Memorex floppy disk to Fox TV affiliate KSAS-TV in Wichita.[29][30] Also enclosed were a letter, a gold-colored necklace with a large medallion, and a photocopy of the cover of a 1989 novel about a serial killer (Rules of Prey).[30]

text: Police found metadata embedded in a deleted Microsoft Word document that was, unbeknownst to Rader, on the floppy disk.[31] The metadata contained Christ Lutheran Church, and the document was marked as last modified by "Dennis."[32] An internet search determined that a "Dennis Rader" was president of the church council.[29] From the Home Depot incident, the police also knew BTK owned a black Jeep Cherokee. When investigators drove by Rader's house, they noticed a black Jeep Cherokee parked outside.[33]

text: The police had strong circumstantial evidence against Rader, but they needed more direct evidence to detain him.[34] They obtained a warrant to test the DNA of a pap smear Rader's daughter had taken at the Kansas State University medical clinic when she was a student. The DNA of the pap smear was processed by the Kansas Bureau of Investigation at their lab in Topeka, and demonstrated a familial match to the DNA of the sample taken from victim Vicki Wegerle's fingernails. This indicated that the killer was closely related to Rader's daughter, and was the evidence the police needed to make an arrest.[35]

text: Arrest[edit]

text: Rader was arrested while driving near his home in Park City shortly after noon on February 25, 2005.[36] An officer asked, "Mr. Rader, do you know why you're going downtown?"; Rader replied, "Oh, I have suspicions why."[37][38] Wichita police, the Kansas Bureau of Investigation, the FBI, and Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives agents searched Rader's home and vehicle, seizing evidence including computer equipment, a pair of black pantyhose retrieved from a shed, and a cylindrical container. The church he attended, his office at City Hall, and the main branch of the Park City library were also searched. At a press conference the next morning, Wichita Police Chief Norman Williams announced, "the bottom line: BTK is arrested."[39][40]

text: Legal proceedings[edit]

text: On February 28, 2005, Rader was charged with 10 counts of first degree murder.[41] Soon after his arrest, the Associated Press cited an anonymous source alleging Rader had confessed to other murders in addition to those with which he had been connected;[42] the Sedgwick County district attorney denied this but refused to say whether Rader made any confessions or if investigators were looking into Rader's possible involvement in more unsolved killings.[43] On March 5, news sources claimed to have verified by multiple sources that Rader had confessed to the 10 murders he was charged with, but no other ones.[44]

text: On March 1, Rader's bail was set at US $10 million, and a public defender was appointed to represent him.[45] On May 3, the judge entered not-guilty pleas on Rader's behalf, as Rader did not speak at his arraignment.[46] However, on June 27, the scheduled trial date, Rader changed his plea to guilty. He described the murders in detail, and made no apologies.[47][48][49]

text: At Rader's August 18 sentencing, victims' families made statements, after which Rader apologized in a rambling thirty-minute monologue that the prosecutor likened to an Academy Awards acceptance speech.[50] He was sentenced to 10 consecutive life sentences, with a minimum of 175 years.[51] Kansas had no death penalty at the time of the murders.[50] On August 19, he was moved to the El Dorado Correctional Facility.[52]

text: According to witnesses, Rader talked about innocuous topics such as the weather during the forty-minute drive to El Dorado, but began to cry when the victims' families' statements from the court proceedings came on the radio. He is now in solitary confinement for his protection (with one hour of exercise per day, and showers three times per week). This will likely continue indefinitely. Beginning 2006, he was allowed access to television and radio, to read magazines, and other privileges for good behavior.[52][53]

text: Further investigations[edit]

text: Following Rader's arrest, police in Wichita, Park City and several surrounding cities looked into unsolved cases with the cooperation of the state police and the FBI. They particularly focused on cases after 1994, when the death penalty was reinstated in Kansas. Police in surrounding states such as Nebraska, Missouri, Colorado, Oklahoma and Texas also investigated cold cases that fit Rader's pattern to some extent. The FBI, Civil Air Patrol[54] and local jurisdictions at Rader's former duty stations checked into unsolved cases during Rader's time in the service.

text: After exhaustive investigations, none of these agencies discovered any further murders attributable to Rader, confirming early suspicions that Rader would have taken credit for any additional murders that he had committed. The 10 known murders are now believed to be the only murders that Rader is actually responsible for, although Wichita police are fairly certain that Rader stalked and researched a number of other potential victims. This includes one person who was saved when Rader called off his planned attack upon his arrival near the target's home due to the presence of construction and road crews near her home. Rader stated in his police interview that "there are a lot of lucky people," meaning that he had thought about and developed various levels of murder plans for other victims.[7]

text: Evaluation by Robert Mendoza[edit]

text: Massachusetts psychologist Robert Mendoza was hired by Rader's court-appointed public defenders to conduct a psychological evaluation for Rader, and determine if an insanity-based defense might be viable. He conducted an interview after Rader pleaded guilty on June 27. NBC claimed Rader knew the interview might be on TV, but this was false according to the Sedgwick County Sheriff's Department. Rader mentioned the interview during his sentencing statement. On October 25, 2005, the Kansas attorney general filed a petition to sue Mendoza and Tali Waters, co-owners of Cambridge Forensic Consultants, LLC, for breach of contract, claiming that they intended to benefit financially from the use of information obtained through involvement in Rader's defense. On May 10, 2007, Mendoza settled the case for US $30,000 with no admission of wrongdoing.[55]

text: In media[edit]

text: Non-fiction[edit]

text:
Dr. Katherine Ramsland wrote Confession of a Serial Killer about Rader, compiled from her five-year correspondence with him. In the introduction, she describes the book as a "guided autobiography" of Rader, stating that she interjects only to "assist with chronology or provide substance, sense, or background."[56]
Last Podcast on The Left covers Rader's murders and capture on Episode 59 (Part 1) and Episode 61 (Part 2) of their horror comedy podcast.

text: Literature[edit]

text:
The writer Stephen King says his novella A Good Marriage, and the film based on it, was inspired by the BTK killer.[57]
The novelist Thomas Harris has said that the character of Francis Dolarhyde from his novel Red Dragon is partially based on Rader.[58]

text: Television[edit]

text: A made-for-TV movie, The Hunt for the BTK Killer, told the story from the perspective of the Wichita detectives who worked the case for 31 years. Rader was played by Gregg Henry in one of the most-lauded performances of his career.[59]

text: In the Netflix show Mindhunter, a character, credited as “ADT serviceman”, is based on Rader. He appears throughout season one in small vignettes set in and around Park City, Kansas.[60][61]

text: Both the Law & Order: Criminal Intent episode "Shibboleth" and the Law & Order: Special Victims Unit episode "Scavenger" are based on the Dennis Rader case.

text: Music[edit]

text:
Aggrotech band Suicide Commando released an album titled Bind, Torture, Kill in 2006. The album features songs titled "Bind, Torture, Kill" and "Rader".
Brutal death metal band Suffocation released a track titled "Bind, Torture, Kill" on their 2006 self-titled album, containing lyrics written from the point of view of Dennis Rader about his motivations for and feelings about committing murder. This track was featured in a 2007 promotional video by The History Channel for their documentary, The Dark Ages.[62]
Progressive rock musician Steven Wilson's track "Raider II" on his 2011 album Grace for Drowning is based on the murders committed by Rader.[63]
Doom metal band Church of Misery, released a track in 2013 called "B.T.K" about Rader on their album, Thy Kingdom Scum.[64]
Thrash metal band Exodus, released a track on their 2014 album, Blood In, Blood Out called "BTK" which is based on the murders performed by Rader. The track also featured Testament vocalist Chuck Billy.[65]