document_title: List of Olympic medalists in curling

question_text: who won the olympic gold in men's curling

question_tokens: who won the olympic gold in men 's curling

text: List of Olympic medalists in curling

text: Medalists[edit]

text: Men[edit]

text:
Games
Gold
Silver
Bronze

1924 Chamonix
details
 Great Britain (GBR)1
William Jackson
Robin Welsh
Thomas Murray
Laurence Jackson
D. G. Astley
 Sweden (SWE)
Johan Petter Åhlén
Carl August Kronlund
Ture Ödlund
Carl Wilhelm Petersén
Carl Axel Pettersson
Erik Severin
Karl Wahlberg
Victor Wetterström
 France (FRA)
Henri Cournollet
Georges André
Armand Bénédic
Pierre Canivet
Robert Planque
Henri Aldebert

1928–1994
not included in the Olympic programme

1998 Nagano
details
 Switzerland (SUI)
Patrick Hürlimann
Patrik Lörtscher
Daniel Müller
Diego Perren
Dominic Andres
 Canada (CAN)
Mike Harris
Richard Hart
Collin Mitchell
George Karrys
Paul Savage
 Norway (NOR)
Eigil Ramsfjell
Jan Thoresen
Stig-Arne Gunnestad
Tore Torvbråten
Anthon Grimsmo

2002 Salt Lake City
details
 Norway (NOR)
Pål Trulsen
Lars Vågberg
Flemming Davanger
Bent Ånund Ramsfjell
Torger Nergård
 Canada (CAN)
Kevin Martin
Don Walchuk
Carter Rycroft
Don Bartlett
Ken Tralnberg
 Switzerland (SUI)
Andreas Schwaller
Christof Schwaller
Markus Eggler
Damian Grichting
Marco Ramstein

2006 Turin
details
 Canada (CAN)
Brad Gushue
Mark Nichols
Russ Howard
Jamie Korab
Mike Adam
 Finland (FIN)
Markku Uusipaavalniemi
Wille Mäkelä
Kalle Kiiskinen
Teemu Salo
Jani Sullanmaa
 United States (USA)
Pete Fenson
Shawn Rojeski
Joseph Polo
John Shuster
Scott Baird

2010 Vancouver
details
 Canada (CAN)
Kevin Martin
John Morris
Marc Kennedy
Ben Hebert
Adam Enright
 Norway (NOR)
Thomas Ulsrud
Torger Nergård
Christoffer Svae
Håvard Vad Petersson
Thomas Løvold
 Switzerland (SUI)
Ralph Stöckli
Jan Hauser
Markus Eggler
Simon Strübin
Toni Müller

2014 Sochi
details
 Canada (CAN)
Brad Jacobs
Ryan Fry
E. J. Harnden
Ryan Harnden
Caleb Flaxey
 Great Britain (GBR)
David Murdoch
Greg Drummond
Scott Andrews
Michael Goodfellow
Tom Brewster
 Sweden (SWE)
Niklas Edin
Sebastian Kraupp
Fredrik Lindberg
Viktor Kjäll
Oskar Eriksson

2018 Pyeongchang
details
 United States (USA)
John Shuster
Tyler George
Matt Hamilton
John Landsteiner
Joe Polo
 Sweden (SWE)
Niklas Edin
Oskar Eriksson
Rasmus Wranå
Christoffer Sundgren
Henrik Leek
 Switzerland (SUI)
Benoît Schwarz
Claudio Pätz
Peter de Cruz
Valentin Tanner
Dominik Märki

text: Medals:

text:
[show]Rank
Nation
Gold
Silver
Bronze
Total

1
 Canada
3
2
0
5

2
 Norway
1
1
1
3

3
 Great Britain
1
1
0
2

4
  Switzerland
1
0
3
4

5
 United States
1
0
1
2

6
 Sweden
0
2
1
3

7
 Finland
0
1
0
1

8
 France
0
0
1
1

Total
7
7
7
21

text: Women[edit]

text:
Games
Gold
Silver
Bronze

1998 Nagano
details
 Canada (CAN)
Sandra Schmirler
Jan Betker
Joan McCusker
Marcia Gudereit
Atina Ford
 Denmark (DEN)
Helena Blach Lavrsen
Margit Pörtner
Dorthe Holm
Trine Qvist
Jane Bidstrup
 Sweden (SWE)
Elisabet Gustafson
Katarina Nyberg
Louise Marmont
Elisabeth Persson
Margaretha Lindahl

2002 Salt Lake City
details
 Great Britain (GBR)
Rhona Martin
Deborah Knox
Fiona MacDonald
Janice Rankin
Margaret Morton
 Switzerland (SUI)
Luzia Ebnöther
Mirjam Ott
Tanya Frei
Laurence Bidaud
Nadia Röthlisberger
 Canada (CAN)
Kelley Law
Julie Skinner
Georgina Wheatcroft
Diane Nelson
Cheryl Noble

2006 Turin
details
 Sweden (SWE)
Anette Norberg
Eva Lund
Cathrine Lindahl
Anna Svärd
Ulrika Bergman
 Switzerland (SUI)
Mirjam Ott
Binia Beeli
Valeria Spälty
Michèle Moser
Manuela Kormann
 Canada (CAN)
Shannon Kleibrink
Amy Nixon
Glenys Bakker
Christine Keshen
Sandra Jenkins

2010 Vancouver
details
 Sweden (SWE)
Anette Norberg
Eva Lund
Cathrine Lindahl
Anna Le Moine
Kajsa Bergström
 Canada (CAN)
Cheryl Bernard
Susan O'Connor
Carolyn Darbyshire
Cori Bartel
Kristie Moore
 China (CHN)
Wang Bingyu
Liu Yin
Yue Qingshuang
Zhou Yan
Liu Jinli

2014 Sochi
details
 Canada (CAN)
Jennifer Jones
Kaitlyn Lawes
Jill Officer
Dawn McEwen
Kirsten Wall
 Sweden (SWE)
Margaretha Sigfridsson
Maria Prytz
Christina Bertrup
Maria Wennerström
Agnes Knochenhauer
 Great Britain (GBR)
Eve Muirhead
Anna Sloan
Vicki Adams
Claire Hamilton
Lauren Gray

2018 Pyeongchang
details
 Sweden (SWE)
Anna Hasselborg
Sara McManus
Agnes Knochenhauer
Sofia Mabergs
Jennie Wåhlin
 South Korea (KOR)
Kim Eun-jung
Kim Kyeong-ae
Kim Seon-yeong
Kim Yeong-mi
Kim Cho-hi
 Japan (JPN)
Satsuki Fujisawa
Chinami Yoshida
Yumi Suzuki
Yurika Yoshida
Mari Motohashi

text: Medals:

text:
[show]Rank
Nation
Gold
Silver
Bronze
Total

1
 Sweden
3
1
1
5

2
 Canada
2
1
2
5

3
 Great Britain
1
0
1
2

4
  Switzerland
0
2
0
2

5
 Denmark
0
1
0
1

 South Korea
0
1
0
1

7
 China
0
0
1
1

 Japan
0
0
1
1

Total
6
6
6
18

text: Mixed doubles[edit]

text:
Games
Gold
Silver
Bronze

2018 Pyeongchang
details
 Canada (CAN)
Kaitlyn Lawes
John Morris
 Switzerland (SUI)
Jenny Perret
Martin Rios
 Norway (NOR)
Kristin Skaslien
Magnus Nedregotten

text: Medals:

text:
[show]Rank
Nation
Gold
Silver
Bronze
Total

1
 Canada
1
0
0
1

2
  Switzerland
0
1
0
1

3
 Norway
0
0
1
1

Total
1
1
1
3

text: Notes[edit]

text: ^ The members of the 1924 British team vary depending on the source. William Jackson, Robin Welsh, Thomas Murray and Laurence Jackson are listed as the medallists by the British Olympic Association and International Society of Olympic Historians.[11][12] The Herald reports that those four are the only British curlers that played, and they received gold medals and certificates.[3] However, the IOC database omits Laurence Jackson and includes T. Aikman, D. G. Astley, W. Brown, R. Cousin and J. McLeod.[13] According to The Herald, the IOC believes that those five also received medals.[3] The World Curling Federation's list agrees with the BOA, but also lists John T. Robertson Aikman [incorrectly] as an alternate.[14]

text: Athlete medal leaders[edit]

text:
Athlete
Nation
Olympics
Gold
Silver
Bronze
Total

Morris, JohnJohn Morris
 Canada (CAN)
2010, 2018
2
0
0
2

Norberg, AnetteAnette Norberg
 Sweden (SWE)
2006, 2010
2
0
0
2

Lawes, KaitlynKaitlyn Lawes
 Canada (CAN)
2014, 2018
2
0
0
2

Lund, EvaEva Lund
 Sweden (SWE)
2006, 2010
2
0
0
2

Lindahl, CathrineCathrine Lindahl
 Sweden (SWE)
2006, 2010
2
0
0
2

Le Moine, AnnaAnna Le Moine
 Sweden (SWE)
2006, 2010
2
0
0
2

Knochenhauer, AgnesAgnes Knochenhauer
 Sweden (SWE)
2014, 2018
1
1
0
2

Martin, KevinKevin Martin
 Canada (CAN)
2002, 2010
1
1
0
2

Nergård, TorgerTorger Nergård
 Norway (NOR)
2002, 2010
1
1
0
2

Shuster, JohnJohn Shuster
 United States (USA)
2006, 2018
1
0
1
2

Polo, JoeJoe Polo
 United States (USA)
2006, 2018
1
0
1
2

Ott, MirjamMirjam Ott
 Switzerland (SUI)
2002, 2006
0
2
0
2

Edin, NiklasNiklas Edin
 Sweden (SWE)
2014, 2018
0
1
1
2

Eriksson, OskarOskar Eriksson
 Sweden (SWE)
2014, 2018
0
1
1
2


document_title: ATP synthase

question_text: where does atp synthase get the energy to make atp

root

text: ATP synthase

text: Nomenclature[edit]

text: The F1 fraction derives its name from the term "Fraction 1" and FO (written as a subscript letter "o", not "zero") derives its name from being the binding fraction for oligomycin, a type of naturally-derived antibiotic that is able to inhibit the FO unit of ATP synthase.[3][4] These functional regions consist of different protein subunits — refer to tables.

tag: p

text: Structure and function[edit]

text:
Located within the thylakoid membrane and the inner mitochondrial membrane, ATP synthase consists of two regions FO and F1. FO causes rotation of F1 and is made of c-ring and subunits a, b, d, F6. F1 is made of

α
,
β
,
γ
,
δ

{\displaystyle \alpha ,\beta ,\gamma ,\delta }

 subunits. F1 has a water soluble par that can hydrolyze ATP. FO on the other hand has mainly hydrophobic regions. FO F1 creates a pathway for protons movement across the membrane.[7]

text: F1 region[edit]

text:
The F1 portion of ATP synthase is hydrophilic and responsible for hydrolyzing ATP. Subunits

α

{\displaystyle \alpha }

 and

β

{\displaystyle \beta }

 make a hexamer with 6 binding sites. Three of them are catalytically inactive and they bind ADP.

text:
Other three subunits catalyze the ATP synthesis. The other F1 subunits

γ
,
δ
,
ϵ

{\displaystyle \gamma ,\delta ,\epsilon }

 are a part of a rotational motor mechanism.

γ

{\displaystyle \gamma }

 subunit allows

β

{\displaystyle \beta }

 to go though conformational changes, i.e closed, half open and open states allows for ATP to be bound and released once synthesized. The F1 particle is large and can be seen in the transmission electron microscope by negative staining.[8] These are particles of 9 nm diameter that pepper the inner mitochondrial membrane.

text:
F1 - Subunits

Subunit
Human Gene

alpha
ATP5A1, ATPAF2

beta
ATP5B, ATPAF1, C16orf7

gamma
ATP5C1

delta
ATP5D

epsilon
ATP5E

tag: table

text: FO region[edit]

text: Fo is a water insoluble protein with eight subunits and transmembrane ring. The ring has a tetramer shape with protein helix loop helix that goes though conformational change when protonated and deprotonated allowing to push neighboring subunits to rotate causing the spinning of FO which then affects conformation of F1 also, resulting on switching of states of alpha and beta subunits. The FO region of ATP synthase is a proton pore that is embedded in the mitochondrial membrane. It consists of three main subunits a, b, and c, and (in humans) six additional subunits, d, e, f, g, F6, and 8 (or A6L).

text:
FO-Main subunits

Subunit
Human Gene

a
ATP6

b
ATP5F1

c
ATP5G1, ATP5G2, ATP5G3

text: Binding model[edit]

text: In the 1960s through the 1970s, Paul Boyer, a UCLA Professor, developed the binding change, or flip-flop, mechanism theory, which postulated that ATP synthesis is dependent on a conformational change in ATP synthase generated by rotation of the gamma subunit. The research group of John E. Walker, then at the MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Cambridge, crystallized the F1 catalytic-domain of ATP synthase. The structure, at the time the largest asymmetric protein structure known, indicated that Boyer's rotary-catalysis model was, in essence, correct. For elucidating this, Boyer and Walker shared half of the 1997 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.

text: The crystal structure of the F1 showed alternating alpha and beta subunits (3 of each), arranged like segments of an orange around a rotating asymmetrical gamma subunit. According to the current model of ATP synthesis (known as the alternating catalytic model), the transmembrane potential created by (H+) proton cations supplied by the electron transport chain, drives the (H+) proton cations from the intermembrane space through the membrane via the FO region of ATP synthase. A portion of the FO (the ring of c-subunits) rotates as the protons pass through the membrane. The c-ring is tightly attached to the asymmetric central stalk (consisting primarily of the gamma subunit), causing it to rotate within the alpha3beta3 of F1 causing the 3 catalytic nucleotide binding sites to go through a series of conformational changes that leads to ATP synthesis. The major F1 subunits are prevented from rotating in sympathy with the central stalk rotor by a peripheral stalk that joins the alpha3beta3 to the non-rotating portion of FO. The structure of the intact ATP synthase is currently known at low-resolution from electron cryo-microscopy (cryo-EM) studies of the complex. The cryo-EM model of ATP synthase suggests that the peripheral stalk is a flexible structure that wraps around the complex as it joins F1 to FO. Under the right conditions, the enzyme reaction can also be carried out in reverse, with ATP hydrolysis driving proton pumping across the membrane.

text: The binding change mechanism involves the active site of a β subunit's cycling between three states.[10] In the "loose" state, ADP and phosphate enter the active site; in the adjacent diagram, this is shown in pink. The enzyme then undergoes a change in shape and forces these molecules together, with the active site in the resulting "tight" state (shown in red) binding the newly produced ATP molecule with very high affinity. Finally, the active site cycles back to the open state (orange), releasing ATP and binding more ADP and phosphate, ready for the next cycle of ATP production.[11]

text: Physiological role[edit]

text: Like other enzymes, the activity of F1FO ATP synthase is reversible. Large-enough quantities of ATP cause it to create a transmembrane proton gradient, this is used by fermenting bacteria that do not have an electron transport chain, but rather hydrolyze ATP to make a proton gradient, which they use to drive flagella and the transport of nutrients into the cell.

text: In respiring bacteria under physiological conditions, ATP synthase, in general, runs in the opposite direction, creating ATP while using the proton motive force created by the electron transport chain as a source of energy. The overall process of creating energy in this fashion is termed oxidative phosphorylation. The same process takes place in the mitochondria, where ATP synthase is located in the inner mitochondrial membrane and the F1-part projects into mitochondrial matrix. The consumption of ATP by ATP-synthase pumps proton cations into the matrix.

text: Evolution[edit]

text: The evolution of ATP synthase is thought to have been modular whereby two functionally independent subunits became associated and gained new functionality.[12][13] This association appears to have occurred early in evolutionary history, because essentially the same structure and activity of ATP synthase enzymes are present in all kingdoms of life.[12] The F-ATP synthase displays high functional and mechanistic similarity to the V-ATPase.[14] However, whereas the F-ATP synthase generates ATP by utilising a proton gradient, the V-ATPase generates a proton gradient at the expense of ATP, generating pH values of as low as 1.[15]

text: The F1 region also shows significant similarity to hexameric DNA helicases, and the FO region shows some similarity to H+-powered flagellar motor complexes.[14] The α3β3 hexamer of the F1 region shows significant structural similarity to hexameric DNA helicases; both form a ring with 3-fold rotational symmetry with a central pore. Both have roles dependent on the relative rotation of a macromolecule within the pore; the DNA helicases use the helical shape of DNA to drive their motion along the DNA molecule and to detect supercoiling, whereas the α3β3 hexamer uses the conformational changes through the rotation of the γ subunit to drive an enzymatic reaction.[16]

text: The H+ motor of the FO particle shows great functional similarity to the H+ motors that drive flagella.[14] Both feature a ring of many small alpha-helical proteins that rotate relative to nearby stationary proteins, using a H+ potential gradient as an energy source. This link is tenuous, however, as the overall structure of flagellar motors is far more complex than that of the FO particle and the ring with about 30 rotating proteins is far larger than the 10, 11, or 14 helical proteins in the FO complex.

text: The modular evolution theory for the origin of ATP synthase suggests that two subunits with independent function, a DNA helicase with ATPase activity and a H+ motor, were able to bind, and the rotation of the motor drove the ATPase activity of the helicase in reverse.[12][16] This complex then evolved greater efficiency and eventually developed into today's intricate ATP synthases. Alternatively, the DNA helicase/H+ motor complex may have had H+ pump activity with the ATPase activity of the helicase driving the H+ motor in reverse.[12] This may have evolved to carry out the reverse reaction and act as an ATP synthase.[13][17][18]

text: In different species[edit]

text: E. coli[edit]

text: E. coli ATP synthase is the simplest known form of ATP synthase, with 8 different subunit types.[19]

text: Yeast[edit]

text: Yeast ATP synthase is one of the best-studied eukaryotic ATP synthases; and five F1, eight FO subunits, and seven associated proteins have been identified.[7] Most of these proteins have homologues in other eukaryotes.[20][21][22]

text: Plant[edit]

text: In plants, ATP synthase is also present in chloroplasts (CF1FO-ATP synthase). The enzyme is integrated into thylakoid membrane; the CF1-part sticks into stroma, where dark reactions of photosynthesis (also called the light-independent reactions or the Calvin cycle) and ATP synthesis take place. The overall structure and the catalytic mechanism of the chloroplast ATP synthase are almost the same as those of the mitochondrial enzyme. However, in chloroplasts, the proton motive force is generated not by respiratory electron transport chain but by primary photosynthetic proteins.

text: Bovine[edit]

text: The ATP synthase isolated from bovine heart mitochondria (Bos taurus) is, in terms of biochemistry and structure, the best-characterized ATP synthase. Beef heart is used as a source for the enzyme because of the high concentration of mitochondria in cardiac muscle.[23][24][25]

text: Human[edit]

text: The following is a list of humans genes that encode components of ATP synthases:

text:
ATP5A1, ATP5AL1
ATP5B, ATP5BL1
ATP5C2, ATP5D, ATP5E, ATP5F1, ATP5G1, ATP5G2, ATP5G3, ATP5H, ATP5HP1, ATP5I, ATP5J, ATP5J2, ATP5L, ATP5L2, ATP5O, ATP5S
ATP6, ATP6AP1, ATP6AP2
ATPSBL1, ATPSBL2
MT-ATP6, MT-ATP8

tag: ul


document_title: God's Plan (song)

question_text: when does gods plan music video come out

text: God's Plan (song)

text: Background[edit]

text: Following his 2016 album Views and 2017 playlist More Life, Drake did not release any music for eight months until the EP Scary Hours on January 19, 2018, though tracks such as "Pistols" leaked.[6] God's Plan, one of the singles from the EP, was first teased on January 3, 2018 and originally featured American rapper Trippie Redd.[7] Redd had been talking about the collaboration since October 2017[8] but was eventually removed from the song on its final release.[9]

text: The song started creation in September 2017 after Cardo sent Drake the instrumental. The song, originally titled "Grace of God",[10] was chosen from a series of beats sent to Drake in September. Drake apparently called up Cardo and said "We got one" before the production of the record itself began fully.[11]

text: Composition[edit]

text:
"God's Plan" is a trap, pop and pop-rap song composed in common time (4
4 time) with a length of three minutes eighteen seconds and written in the key of E minor with a tempo of 154 beats per minute and a common chord progression of Am7–Bm7.[12][13][14][15] Drake's vocals span from G3 to B4.[16] The song's production follows along as more bouncy and uplifting, establishing the song as a "melodic, upbeat party record".[17] The lyrics for the track are based around fame, fear and luxury items such as champagne,[18] with Noisey noting the writing being about "classic Drake things, paranoia about success and haters, money, etc."[19] Drake also addresses his fate and his home city, Toronto,[17] saying his life is "God's plan".[20]

text: "God's Plan" was produced by Cardo, Boi-1da, Yung Exclusive and Noah "40" Shebib. The original instrumental for "God's Plan" was sent to Drake in September 2017 by Cardo.[11] Cardo created the instrumental with Fruity Loops and some VSTs.[10] Boi-1da's addition to the song came when Drake gave him "God's Plan" half finished, Drake requested the song to have a more "bouncy vibe" and Boi-1da added more drums to the production.[21]

text: Release and reception[edit]

text: "God's Plan" was released alongside "Diplomatic Immunity" as a part of the Scary Hours EP and made available for digital download and streaming on January 19, 2018, by Young Money Entertainment and Cash Money Records.[22] The song launched with the largest on-demand streaming count in history, breaking Apple's first-day streaming record upon release with fourteen million streams[5] and breaking Spotify's single-day streaming record with 4.3 million plays in twenty four hours.[23] The song was streamed 82.4 million times in its first week.[24]

text: Talking about the song, Noisey said "this is a good song that I've heard Drake do about 600 different versions of" before going on to say "I want to hear something different from Drake for a change, and this is definitely not what I would have hoped for."[19] Pluggedin had mixed views on the track, calling it "schizophrenic in nature as it zigzags back and forth between various topics."[20]

text: Commercial performance[edit]

text: In the United States, "God's Plan" debuted at number one on the Billboard Hot 100 on the chart dated February 3, 2018, becoming Drake's fourth Hot 100 number-one song.[2] It achieved 82.4 million streams and 127,000 downloads in the country, in the week ending January 25.[2] "God's Plan" held steady at number one for its second week on the chart, gaining 83.3 million streams.[25] "God's Plan" topped the Hot 100 for 11 weeks, becoming the 24th song in the history of the chart to do so.[26] It was later dethroned on the issue date April 21, 2018 by Drake's own single "Nice for What".[27] The song is also the fourth to have spent at least its first eleven weeks on the chart at number one, and the first since "One Sweet Day" in 1996.[26]

text: In the United Kingdom, "God's Plan" debuted at the top of the UK Singles Chart on January 26, 2018, for the week ending date February 1, 2018 after appearing to be first in the midweek singles chart.[28] Drake had suddenly charted in what was expected to be a close race between Eminem and Ed Sheeran's "River" and Ramz's "Barking".[29][30] "God's Plan" had achieved 6.5 million streams in its first week[31] and 54,000 sales.[32] In its second week on the UK Singles Chart, "God's Plan" achieved 60,000 sales with 50,000 coming from streams, retaining its position at number one.[33] "God's Plan" faced competition in its third week as its sales decreased 7% with Rudimental's "These Days" only 5,000 sales behind.[34] Despite this, "God's Plan" was able to once again retain its position as number one and was certified Silver by the BPI.[35][36] Hugh McIntyre of Forbes wrote that the song "shockingly debuted at No.1 across the pond, proving Drake to be an artist with unparalleled power."[37]

text: Music video[edit]

text: On February 5, 2018, Drake filmed the music video for "God's Plan" at Miami Senior High School in West Flagler.[38] The shooting for the video attracted significant media attention due to Drake donating $175,000 during the filming of the video to random Miami residents.[39][40][41][42]

text: The music video was released on February 16, 2018, on both Drake's and record label OVO Sound's YouTube channels. The video depicts Drake engaging in various acts of charity in Miami.[43] The video's opening states that its entire budget of $996,631.90 had been given away.[43] At the campus of University of Miami, Drake presented Destiny James, a young woman raised by a single mother in South Carolina, with a $50,000 check for tuition fees for a Master's degree in public health.[44][45]

text: Charts[edit]

text:
Chart (2018)
Peak
position

Australia (ARIA)[46]
1

Austria (Ö3 Austria Top 40)[47]
3

Belgium (Ultratop 50 Flanders)[48]
5

Belgium (Ultratop 50 Wallonia)[49]
4

Brazil Streaming (Pro-Música)[50]
21

Canada (Canadian Hot 100)[3]
1

Canada CHR/Top 40 (Billboard)[51]
10

Colombia (National Report)[52]
30

Costa Rica (Monitor Latino)[53]
7

Czech Republic (Singles Digitál Top 100)[54]
7

Denmark (Tracklisten)[55]
1

Dominican Republic (Monitor Latino)[56]
20

Finland (Suomen virallinen lista)[57]
3

France (SNEP)[58]
2

Germany (Official German Charts)[59]
1

Greece (IFPI)[60]
1

Hungary (Single Top 40)[61]
18

Hungary (Stream Top 40)[62]
3

Ireland (IRMA)[63]
1

Italy (FIMI)[64]
1

Lebanon (Lebanese Top 20)[65]
4

Malaysia Streaming (RIM)[66]
19

Mexico Airplay (Billboard)[67]
29

Netherlands (Dutch Top 40)[68]
2

Netherlands (Single Top 100)[69]
1

New Zealand (Recorded Music NZ)[70]
1

Norway (VG-lista)[71]
1

Portugal (AFP)[72]
1

Scotland (Official Charts Company)[73]
9

Slovakia (Singles Digitál Top 100)[74]
11

Spain (PROMUSICAE)[75]
8

Sweden (Sverigetopplistan)[76]
1

Switzerland (Schweizer Hitparade)[77]
2

UK Singles (Official Charts Company)[4]
1

UK R&B (Official Charts Company)[78]
1

US Billboard Hot 100[79]
1

US Dance Club Songs (Billboard)[80]
33

US Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs (Billboard)[81]
1

US Mainstream Top 40 (Billboard)[82]
4

US Rhythmic (Billboard)[83]
1

text: Certifications[edit]

text:
Region
Certification
Certified units/Sales

Australia (ARIA)[84]
3× Platinum
210,000^

Austria (IFPI Austria)[85]
Gold
15,000*

Belgium (BEA)[86]
Platinum
30,000*

Brazil (Pro-Música Brasil)[87]
Gold
20,000*

Canada (Music Canada)[88]
5× Platinum
400,000^

France (SNEP)[89]
Platinum
150,000*

Germany (BVMI)[90]
Gold
200,000^

Italy (FIMI)[91]
Platinum
50,000

New Zealand (RMNZ)[92]
2× Platinum
60,000*

Portugal (AFP)[93]
Platinum
10,000

Spain (PROMUSICAE)[94]
Platinum
40,000^

Sweden (GLF)[95]
Platinum
40,000^

United Kingdom (BPI)[96]
Platinum
600,000

*sales figures based on certification alone
^shipments figures based on certification alone
sales+streaming figures based on certification alone

text: Release history[edit]

text:
Region
Date
Format
Label
Ref.

Various
January 19, 2018
Digital download

OVO / Republic

[22]

United States
January 23, 2018
Rhythmic contemporary
[97]

January 30, 2018
Contemporary hit radio
[98]


document_title: Men's major golf championships

question_text: who won the last 4 majors in golf

question_tokens: who won the last 4 majors in golf

text: Men's major golf championships

text: Importance[edit]

text: Alongside the biennial Ryder Cup and Presidents Cup team competitions, the majors are golf's marquee events. Elite players from all over the world participate in them, and the reputations of the greatest players in golf history are largely based on the number and variety of major championship victories they accumulate. The top prizes are not actually the largest in golf, being surpassed by The Players Championship, three of the four World Golf Championships events (the HSBC Champions, promoted to WGC status in 2009, has a top prize comparable to that of the majors), and some other invitational events. However, winning a major boosts a player's career far more than winning any other tournament. If he is already a leading player, he will probably receive large bonuses from his sponsors and may be able to negotiate better contracts. If he is an unknown, he will immediately be signed up. Perhaps more importantly, he will receive an exemption from the need to annually re-qualify for a tour card on his home tour, thus giving a tournament golfer some security in an unstable profession. Currently, the PGA Tour gives a five-year exemption to all major winners, while the European Tour gives a seven-year exemption.

text: Three of the four majors take place in the United States. The Masters is played at the same course, Augusta National Golf Club, every year, while the other three rotate courses (the Open Championship, however, is always played on a links course). Each of the majors has a distinct history, and they are run by four different golf organizations, but their special status is recognized worldwide. Major championship winners receive the maximum possible allocation of 100 points from the Official World Golf Ranking, which is endorsed by all of the main tours, and major championship prize money is official on the three richest regular (i.e. under-50) golf tours, the PGA Tour, European Tour and Japan Golf Tour.

text: Although the majors are considered prestigious due to their history and traditions, there are still other non-"major" tournaments which prominently feature top players competing for purses meeting or exceeding those of the four traditional majors, such as the World Golf Championships, the European Tour's DP World Tour Championship, Dubai, and the PGA Tour's Players Championship. As The Players has the largest prize fund of any golf event, and is promoted as the tour's flagship tournament, it is frequently considered to be an unofficial "fifth major" by players and critics. After the announcement that the Evian Masters would be recognized as the fifth women's major by the LPGA Tour, players shared objections to the concept of having a fifth men's major, owing to the long-standing traditions that the existing four have established.[3][4]

text: History[edit]

text: The majors originally consisted of two British tournaments, The Open Championship and The Amateur Championship, and two American tournaments, the U.S. Open and the U.S. Amateur. With the introduction of the Masters Tournament in 1934, and the rise of professional golf in the late 1940s and 1950s, the term "major championships" eventually came to describe the Masters, the U.S. Open, the Open Championship, and the PGA Championship. It is difficult to determine when the definition changed to include the current four tournaments, although many trace it to Arnold Palmer's 1960 season. After winning the Masters and the U.S. Open to start the season, he remarked that if he could win the Open Championship and PGA Championship to finish the season, he would complete "a grand slam of his own" to rival Bobby Jones's 1930 feat. Until that time, many U.S. players such as Byron Nelson also considered the Western Open and the North and South Open as two of golf's "majors,"[5] and the British PGA Matchplay Championship was as important to British and Commonwealth professionals as the PGA Championship was to Americans.

text: During the 1950s, the short-lived World Championship of Golf was viewed as a "major" by its competitors, as its first prize was worth almost ten times any other event in the game, and it was the first event whose finale was televised live on U.S. television. The oldest of the majors is The Open Championship, commonly referred to as the "British Open" outside the United Kingdom. Dominated by American champions in the 1920s and 1930s, the comparative explosion in the riches available on the U.S. Tour from the 1940s onwards meant that the lengthy overseas trip needed to qualify and compete in the event became increasingly prohibitive for the leading American professionals. Their regular participation dwindled after the war years. Ben Hogan entered just once in 1953 and won, but never returned. Sam Snead won in 1946 but lost money on the trip (first prize was $600) and did not return until 1962.

text: Golf writer Dan Jenkins, often seen as the world authority on majors since he's attended more (200+) than anyone else, has noted that "the pros didn't talk much about majors back then. I think it was Herbert Warren Wind who starting using the term. He said golfers had to be judged by the major tournaments they won, but it's not like there was any set number of major tournaments."[6]

text: In 1960, Arnold Palmer entered The Open Championship in an attempt to emulate Hogan's 1953 feat of winning on his first visit. Though a runner-up by a stroke in his first attempt, Palmer returned and won the next two in 1961 and 1962. Scheduling difficulties persisted with the PGA Championship, but more Americans began competing in the 1960s, restoring the event's prestige (and with it the prize money that once again made it an attractive prospect to other American pros). The advent of transatlantic jet travel helped to boost American participation in The Open. A discussion between Palmer and Pittsburgh golf writer Bob Drum led to the concept of the modern Grand Slam of Golf.[7]

text: In August 2017, after the previous year's edition was scheduled earlier due to golf at the 2016 Summer Olympics, the PGA of America announced that the PGA Championship would be moved to late-May beginning in 2019, in between the Masters and U.S. Open. The PGA Tour concurrently announced that it would move the Players Championship back to March the same year; as a result, the Players and the four majors will still be played across five consecutive months.[8][2]

text: Television coverage[edit]

text: United Kingdom & Republic of Ireland[edit]

text: In the United Kingdom, the BBC used to be the exclusive TV home of the Masters Tournament and the Open Championship, however from 2011 onwards Sky Sports has exclusive live coverage of the first two days of the Masters, with the weekend rounds shared with the BBC. The U.S. Open is shown exclusively on Sky Sports. Beginning in 2016, Sky Sports also became the exclusive broadcaster of the Open Championship; the BBC elected to forego the final year of its contract.[9] The BBC continues to hold rights to broadcast a nightly highlights programme.[10]

text: Sky also held rights to the PGA Championship, but in July 2017, it was reported that the PGA of America had declined to renew its contract, seeking a different media model for the tournament in the United Kingdom.[11] The BBC acquired rights to the PGA Championship for 2017, with most coverage relegated to BBC Red Button and the conclusion of coverage on BBC Two. The PGA reached a separate deal to also stream coverage in the UK via Facebook Live, hosted by GiveMeSport.[12] [13]

text: United States[edit]

text: As none of the majors fall under the direct jurisdiction of tours, broadcast rights for these events are negotiated separately with each sanctioning body. All four majors have been broadcast at some point by one of the "big three" networks—all of whom are currently or have previously been PGA Tour broadcast partners. In 2015, CBS was the only big three network that held weekend-round rights to one or more majors, as the remainder, along with early round coverage of all four, were held either by Fox or cable networks.

text: The Masters has been televised by CBS since 1956. Beginning in 1966, ABC obtained the broadcast rights for the other three majors and held them for a quarter century. The PGA Championship moved to CBS in 1991 and the U.S. Open returned to NBC in 1995.[14][15]

text: ABC retained The Open Championship as its sole major, but moved its live coverage on the weekend to sister cable network ESPN in 2010. In June 2015, it was announced that NBC and Golf Channel would acquire rights to the Open Championship under a 12-year deal.[16] While the NBC deal was originally to take effect in 2017, ESPN chose to opt out of its final year of Open rights, so the NBC contract took effect beginning in 2016 instead.[9]

text: The Masters operates under one-year contracts; CBS has been the main TV partner every year since 1956, with ESPN broadcasting CBS-produced coverage of the first and second rounds since 2008, replacing USA Network, which had shown the event since the early 1980s.[17] As of 2015, Fox Sports holds broadcast rights to the U.S. Open and other USGA events, replacing NBC and ESPN, with Fox Sports 1 as the primary pay TV outlet.[18] CBS and Turner Sports hold rights to the PGA Championship, with TNT handling early round and weekend morning coverage, and CBS airing weekend afternoon coverage. Their respective contracts with the PGA of America run through 2019.[19][20]

text: Distinctive characteristics of majors[edit]

text: Because each major was developed and is run by a different organization, they each have different characteristics that set them apart. These involve the character of the courses used, the composition of the field, and other idiosyncrasies.

text:
The Masters Tournament (sometimes referred to as the U.S. Masters) is the only major that is played at the same course every year (Augusta National Golf Club), being the invitational tournament of that club. The Masters invites the smallest field of the majors, generally under 100 players (although, like all the majors, it now ensures entry for all golfers among the world's top 50 prior to the event), and is the only one of the four majors that does not use "alternates" to replace qualified players who do not enter the event (usually due to injury). Former champions have a lifetime invitation to compete, and also included in the field are the current champions of the major amateur championships, and most of the previous year's PGA Tour winners (winners of "alternate" events held opposite a high-profile tournament do not receive automatic invitations). The traditions of Augusta, such as the awarding of a green jacket to the champion, create a distinctive character for the tournament, as does the course itself, with its lack of primary rough but severely undulating fairways and greens, and punitive use of ponds and creeks on several key holes on the back nine.
The U.S. Open is notorious for being played on difficult courses that have tight fairways, challenging greens, demanding pin positions and thick and high rough, placing a great premium on accuracy, especially with driving and approach play. Additionally, while most regular tour events are played on courses with par 72, the U.S. Open has almost never been held on a par-72 course in recent decades; the 2017 event was the first since 1992 to be played at par 72.[21] During this time, the tournament course has occasionally been played to a par of 71 but most commonly par 70. The U.S. Open is rarely won with a score much under par. The event is the championship of the United States Golf Association, and in having a very strict exempt qualifiers list – made up of recent major champions, professionals currently ranked high in the world rankings or on the previous year's money lists around the world, and leading amateurs from recent USGA events – about half of the 156-person field still enters the tournament through two rounds of open qualification events, mostly held in the U.S. but also in Europe and Japan. The U.S. Open has no barrier to entry for either women or junior players, as long as they are a professional or meet amateur handicap requirements. As of 2016, however, no female golfer has yet qualified for the U.S. Open, although in 2006 Michelle Wie made it to the second qualifying stage. While the U.S. Open employed an 18-hole playoff for many years if players were tied after four rounds, the USGA announced that beginning in 2018 all of their championships will implement a two-hole aggregate playoff format going forward. A sudden death playoff would follow if the players were still tied after the two playoff holes.[22] (This change would also keep the U.S. Open more in line with both the Open and PGA Championships which use four- and three-hole aggregate playoffs respectively, followed by sudden death if necessary, and most regular events as well as the Masters only have simple sudden-death playoffs.) The Sunday of the Championship has also in recent years fallen on Father's Day (at least as recognized in the US and the UK) which has lent added poignancy to winners' speeches.
The Open Championship (sometimes referred to as the British Open) is organized by The R&A, an offshoot of The Royal and Ancient Golf Club of St Andrews, and is typically played on a links-style course in the United Kingdom (primarily England or Scotland). It carries the prestige of being the oldest professional golf tournament currently in existence and the original "Open" championship (although the very first event was held only for British professionals). It is respected for maintaining the tradition of links play that dates back to the very invention of the game in Scotland. Links courses are generally typified as coastal, flat and often very windswept, with the fairways cut through dune grass and gorse bushes that make up the "rough", and have deep bunkers. The course is generally not "doctored" to make it more difficult, effectively making the variable weather the main external influence on the field's score.[23] As well as exempting from qualifying recent professional major and amateur champions, all former Open Championship winners under age 60, and leading players from the world rankings, the R&A ensures that leading golfers from around the globe are given the chance to enter by holding qualifying events on all continents, as well as holding final qualifying events around the UK in the weeks prior to the main tournament. The champion receives (and has his name inscribed on the base of) the famous Claret Jug, a trophy that dates back to 1872 (champions from 1860 until 1871 received instead a championship belt, much like a champion professional boxer's belt nowadays) and the engraving of the champions' name on the trophy prior to them receiving it is, in itself, one of the traditions of the closing ceremony of the championship, as is the award of the silver medal to the leading amateur player to have made the cut to play the last 36 holes.
The PGA Championship (sometimes referred to as the U.S. PGA) is traditionally played at a parkland club in the United States, and the courses chosen tend to be as difficult as those chosen for the U.S. Open, with several, such as Baltusrol Golf Club, Medinah Country Club, Oakland Hills Country Club, Oak Hill Country Club, and Winged Foot Golf Club, having hosted both. The PGA generally does not set up the course to be as difficult as the USGA does. The PGA of America enters into a profit-sharing agreement with the host club (except when the event is hosted by Valhalla Golf Club in Louisville, Kentucky, a club that it owns). In a parallel with The Masters, previous winners of the PGA Championship have a lifetime invitation to compete. As well as inviting recent champions of the other three professional majors and leading players from the world rankings, the PGA Championship field is completed by qualifiers held among members of the PGA of America, the organization of club and teaching professionals that are separate from the members of the PGA Tour. The PGA Championship is also the only one of the four majors to invite all winners of PGA Tour events in the year preceding the tournament. Amateur golfers do not normally play on the PGA Tour, and could only qualify by winning one of the other three majors, winning a PGA Tour event while playing under a sponsor's exemption, or having a high world ranking. The PGA tends to be played in high heat and humidity that characterize the American climate in August, which often sets it apart as a challenge from (in particular) the Open Championship which precedes it, that is often played in cooler and rainy weather.

text: Major championship winners[edit]

text: Win number out of total wins is shown in parentheses for golfers with more than one major championship.

text:
Year
Masters Tournament[24]
U.S. Open[25]
The Open Championship[26]
PGA Championship[27]

2018
 Patrick Reed
 Brooks Koepka (2/2)
July 19–22, Carnoustie Golf Links
August 9–12, Bellerive Country Club

2017
 Sergio García
 Brooks Koepka (1/2)
 Jordan Spieth (3/3)
 Justin Thomas

2016
 Danny Willett
 Dustin Johnson
 Henrik Stenson
 Jimmy Walker

2015
 Jordan Spieth (1/3)
 Jordan Spieth (2/3)
 Zach Johnson (2/2)
 Jason Day

2014
 Bubba Watson (2/2)
 Martin Kaymer (2/2)
 Rory McIlroy (3/4)
 Rory McIlroy (4/4)

2013
 Adam Scott
 Justin Rose
 Phil Mickelson (5/5)
 Jason Dufner

2012
 Bubba Watson (1/2)
 Webb Simpson
 Ernie Els (4/4)
 Rory McIlroy (2/4)

2011
 Charl Schwartzel
 Rory McIlroy (1/4)
 Darren Clarke
 Keegan Bradley

2010
 Phil Mickelson (4/5)
 Graeme McDowell
 Louis Oosthuizen
 Martin Kaymer (1/2)

2009
 Ángel Cabrera (2/2)
 Lucas Glover
 Stewart Cink
 Yang Yong-eun

2008
 Trevor Immelman
 Tiger Woods (14/14)
 Pádraig Harrington (2/3)
 Pádraig Harrington (3/3)

2007
 Zach Johnson (1/2)
 Ángel Cabrera (1/2)
 Pádraig Harrington (1/3)
 Tiger Woods (13/14)

2006
 Phil Mickelson (3/5)
 Geoff Ogilvy
 Tiger Woods (11/14)
 Tiger Woods (12/14)

2005
 Tiger Woods (9/14)
 Michael Campbell
 Tiger Woods (10/14)
 Phil Mickelson (2/5)

2004
 Phil Mickelson (1/5)
 Retief Goosen (2/2)
 Todd Hamilton
 Vijay Singh (3/3)

2003
 Mike Weir
 Jim Furyk
 Ben Curtis
 Shaun Micheel

2002
 Tiger Woods (7/14)
 Tiger Woods (8/14)
 Ernie Els (3/4)
 Rich Beem

2001
 Tiger Woods (6/14)
 Retief Goosen (1/2)
 David Duval
 David Toms

2000
 Vijay Singh (2/3)
 Tiger Woods (3/14)
 Tiger Woods (4/14)
 Tiger Woods (5/14)

1999
 José María Olazábal (2/2)
 Payne Stewart (3/3)
 Paul Lawrie
 Tiger Woods (2/14)

1998
 Mark O'Meara (1/2)
 Lee Janzen (2/2)
 Mark O'Meara (2/2)
 Vijay Singh (1/3)

1997
 Tiger Woods (1/14)
 Ernie Els (2/4)
 Justin Leonard
 Davis Love III

1996
 Nick Faldo (6/6)
 Steve Jones
 Tom Lehman
 Mark Brooks

1995
 Ben Crenshaw (2/2)
 Corey Pavin
 John Daly (2/2)
 Steve Elkington

1994
 José María Olazábal (1/2)
 Ernie Els (1/4)
 Nick Price (2/3)
 Nick Price (3/3)

1993
 Bernhard Langer (2/2)
 Lee Janzen (1/2)
 Greg Norman (2/2)
 Paul Azinger

1992
 Fred Couples
 Tom Kite
 Nick Faldo (5/6)
 Nick Price (1/3)

1991
 Ian Woosnam
 Payne Stewart (2/3)
 Ian Baker-Finch
 John Daly (1/2)

1990
 Nick Faldo (3/6)
 Hale Irwin (3/3)
 Nick Faldo (4/6)
 Wayne Grady

1989
 Nick Faldo (2/6)
 Curtis Strange (2/2)
 Mark Calcavecchia
 Payne Stewart (1/3)

1988
 Sandy Lyle (2/2)
 Curtis Strange (1/2)
 Seve Ballesteros (5/5)
 Jeff Sluman

1987
 Larry Mize
 Scott Simpson
 Nick Faldo (1/6)
 Larry Nelson (3/3)

1986
 Jack Nicklaus (18/18)
 Raymond Floyd (4/4)
 Greg Norman (1/2)
 Bob Tway

1985
 Bernhard Langer (1/2)
 Andy North (2/2)
 Sandy Lyle (1/2)
 Hubert Green (2/2)

1984
 Ben Crenshaw (1/2)
 Fuzzy Zoeller (2/2)
 Seve Ballesteros (4/5)
 Lee Trevino (6/6)

1983
 Seve Ballesteros (3/5)
 Larry Nelson (2/3)
 Tom Watson (8/8)
 Hal Sutton

1982
 Craig Stadler
 Tom Watson (6/8)
 Tom Watson (7/8)
 Raymond Floyd (3/4)

1981
 Tom Watson (5/8)
 David Graham (2/2)
 Bill Rogers
 Larry Nelson (1/3)

1980
 Seve Ballesteros (2/5)
 Jack Nicklaus (16/18)
 Tom Watson (4/8)
 Jack Nicklaus (17/18)

1979
 Fuzzy Zoeller (1/2)
 Hale Irwin (2/3)
 Seve Ballesteros (1/5)
 David Graham (1/2)

1978
 Gary Player (9/9)
 Andy North (1/2)
 Jack Nicklaus (15/18)
 John Mahaffey

1977
 Tom Watson (2/8)
 Hubert Green (1/2)
 Tom Watson (3/8)
 Lanny Wadkins

1976
 Raymond Floyd (2/4)
 Jerry Pate
 Johnny Miller (2/2)
 Dave Stockton (2/2)

1975
 Jack Nicklaus (13/18)
 Lou Graham
 Tom Watson (1/8)
 Jack Nicklaus (14/18)

1974
 Gary Player (7/9)
 Hale Irwin (1/3)
 Gary Player (8/9)
 Lee Trevino (5/6)

1973
 Tommy Aaron
 Johnny Miller (1/2)
 Tom Weiskopf
 Jack Nicklaus (12/18)

1972
 Jack Nicklaus (10/18)
 Jack Nicklaus (11/18)
 Lee Trevino (4/6)
 Gary Player (6/9)

1971
 Charles Coody
 Lee Trevino (2/6)
 Lee Trevino (3/6)
 Jack Nicklaus (9/18)

1970
 Billy Casper (3/3)
 Tony Jacklin (2/2)
 Jack Nicklaus (8/18)
 Dave Stockton (1/2)

1969
 George Archer
 Orville Moody
 Tony Jacklin (1/2)
 Raymond Floyd (1/4)

1968
 Bob Goalby
 Lee Trevino (1/6)
 Gary Player (5/9)
 Julius Boros (3/3)

1967
 Gay Brewer
 Jack Nicklaus (7/18)
 Roberto DeVicenzo
 Don January

1966
 Jack Nicklaus (5/18)
 Billy Casper (2/3)
 Jack Nicklaus (6/18)
 Al Geiberger

1965
 Jack Nicklaus (4/18)
 Gary Player (4/9)
 Peter Thomson (5/5)
 Dave Marr

1964
 Arnold Palmer (7/7)
 Ken Venturi
 Tony Lema
 Bobby Nichols

1963
 Jack Nicklaus (2/18)
 Julius Boros (2/3)
 Bob Charles
 Jack Nicklaus (3/18)

1962
 Arnold Palmer (5/7)
 Jack Nicklaus (1/18)
 Arnold Palmer (6/7)
 Gary Player (3/9)

1961
 Gary Player (2/9)
 Gene Littler
 Arnold Palmer (4/7)
 Jerry Barber

1960
 Arnold Palmer (2/7)
 Arnold Palmer (3/7)
 Kel Nagle
 Jay Hebert

1959
 Art Wall, Jr.
 Billy Casper (1/3)
 Gary Player (1/9)
 Bob Rosburg

1958
 Arnold Palmer (1/7)
 Tommy Bolt
 Peter Thomson (4/5)
 Dow Finsterwald

1957
 Doug Ford (2/2)
 Dick Mayer
 Bobby Locke (4/4)
 Lionel Hebert

1956
 Jack Burke, Jr. (1/2)
 Cary Middlecoff (3/3)
 Peter Thomson (3/5)
 Jack Burke, Jr. (2/2)

1955
 Cary Middlecoff (2/3)
 Jack Fleck
 Peter Thomson (2/5)
 Doug Ford (1/2)

1954
 Sam Snead (7/7)
 Ed Furgol
 Peter Thomson (1/5)
 Chick Harbert

1953
 Ben Hogan (7/9)
 Ben Hogan (8/9)
 Ben Hogan (9/9)
 Walter Burkemo

1952
 Sam Snead (6/7)
 Julius Boros (1/3)
 Bobby Locke (3/4)
 Jim Turnesa

1951
 Ben Hogan (5/9)
 Ben Hogan (6/9)
 Max Faulkner
 Sam Snead (5/7)

1950
 Jimmy Demaret (3/3)
 Ben Hogan (4/9)
 Bobby Locke (2/4)
 Chandler Harper

1949
 Sam Snead (3/7)
 Cary Middlecoff (1/3)
 Bobby Locke (1/4)
 Sam Snead (4/7)

1948
 Claude Harmon
 Ben Hogan (3/9)
 Henry Cotton (3/3)
 Ben Hogan (2/9)

1947
 Jimmy Demaret (2/3)
 Lew Worsham
 Fred Daly
 Jim Ferrier

1946
 Herman Keiser
 Lloyd Mangrum
 Sam Snead (2/7)
 Ben Hogan (1/9)

1945
Not held due to World War II
Not held due to World War II
Not held due to World War II
 Byron Nelson (5/5)

1944
 Bob Hamilton

1943
Not held due to World War II

1942
 Byron Nelson (4/5)
 Sam Snead (1/7)

1941
 Craig Wood (1/2)
 Craig Wood (2/2)
 Vic Ghezzi

1940
 Jimmy Demaret (1/3)
 Lawson Little
 Byron Nelson (3/5)

1939
 Ralph Guldahl (3/3)
 Byron Nelson (2/5)
 Dick Burton
 Henry Picard (2/2)

1938
 Henry Picard (1/2)
 Ralph Guldahl (2/3)
 Reg Whitcombe
 Paul Runyan (2/2)

1937
 Byron Nelson (1/5)
 Ralph Guldahl (1/3)
 Henry Cotton (2/3)
 Denny Shute (3/3)

1936
 Horton Smith (2/2)
 Tony Manero
 Alf Padgham
 Denny Shute (2/3)

1935
 Gene Sarazen (7/7)
 Sam Parks, Jr.
 Alf Perry
 Johnny Revolta

1934
 Horton Smith (1/2)
 Olin Dutra (2/2)
 Henry Cotton (1/3)
 Paul Runyan (1/2)

1933
Not yet founded
 Johnny Goodman
 Denny Shute (1/3)
 Gene Sarazen (6/7)

1932
 Gene Sarazen (5/7)
 Gene Sarazen (4/7)
 Olin Dutra (1/2)

1931
 Billy Burke
 Tommy Armour (3/3)
 Tom Creavy

1930
 Bobby Jones (7/7)
 Bobby Jones (6/7)
 Tommy Armour (2/3)

1929
 Bobby Jones (5/7)
 Walter Hagen (11/11)
 Leo Diegel (2/2)

1928
 Johnny Farrell
 Walter Hagen (10/11)
 Leo Diegel (1/2)

1927
 Tommy Armour (1/3)
 Bobby Jones (4/7)
 Walter Hagen (9/11)

1926
 Bobby Jones (3/7)
 Bobby Jones (2/7)
 Walter Hagen (8/11)

1925
 Willie MacFarlane
 Jim Barnes (4/4)
 Walter Hagen (7/11)

1924
 Cyril Walker
 Walter Hagen (5/11)
 Walter Hagen (6/11)

1923
 Bobby Jones (1/7)
 Arthur Havers
 Gene Sarazen (3/7)

1922
 Gene Sarazen (1/7)
 Walter Hagen (4/11)
 Gene Sarazen (2/7)

1921
 Jim Barnes (3/4)
 Jock Hutchison (2/2)
 Walter Hagen (3/11)

1920
 Ted Ray (2/2)
 George Duncan
  Jock Hutchison (1/2)

1919
 Walter Hagen (2/11)
Not held due to World War I
 Jim Barnes (2/4)

1918
Not held due to World War I
Not held due to World War I

1917

1916
 Chick Evans
 Jim Barnes (1/4)

1915
 Jerome Travers
Not yet founded

1914
 Walter Hagen (1/11)
 Harry Vardon (7/7)

1913
 Francis Ouimet
 John Henry Taylor (5/5)

1912
 John McDermott (2/2)
 Ted Ray (1/2)

1911
 John McDermott (1/2)
 Harry Vardon (6/7)

1910
 Alex Smith (2/2)
 James Braid (5/5)

1909
 George Sargent
 John Henry Taylor (4/5)

1908
 Fred McLeod
 James Braid (4/5)

1907
 Alec Ross
 Arnaud Massy

1906
 Alex Smith (1/2)
 James Braid (3/5)

1905
 Willie Anderson (4/4)
 James Braid (2/5)

1904
 Willie Anderson (3/4)
 Jack White

1903
 Willie Anderson (2/4)
 Harry Vardon (5/7)

1902
 Laurie Auchterlonie
 Sandy Herd

1901
 Willie Anderson (1/4)
 James Braid (1/5)

1900
 Harry Vardon (4/7)
 John Henry Taylor (3/5)

1899
 Willie Smith
 Harry Vardon (3/7)

1898
 Fred Herd
 Harry Vardon (2/7)

1897
 Joe Lloyd
 Harold Hilton (2/2)

1896
 James Foulis
 Harry Vardon (1/7)

1895
 Horace Rawlins
 John Henry Taylor (2/5)

1894
Not yet founded
 John Henry Taylor (1/5)

1893
 Willie Auchterlonie

1892
 Harold Hilton (1/2)

1891
 Hugh Kirkaldy

1890
 John Ball, Jnr

1889
 Willie Park, Jr. (2/2)

1888
 Jack Burns

1887
 Willie Park, Jr. (1/2)

1886
 David Brown

1885
 Bob Martin (2/2)

1884
 Jack Simpson

1883
 Willie Fernie

1882
 Bob Ferguson (3/3)

1881
 Bob Ferguson (2/3)

1880
 Bob Ferguson (1/3)

1879
 Jamie Anderson (3/3)

1878
 Jamie Anderson (2/3)

1877
 Jamie Anderson (1/3)

1876
 Bob Martin (1/2)

1875
 Willie Park, Sr. (4/4)

1874
 Mungo Park

1873
 Tom Kidd

1872
 Young Tom Morris (4/4)

1871
Not played

1870
 Young Tom Morris (3/4)

1869
 Young Tom Morris (2/4)

1868
 Young Tom Morris (1/4)

1867
 Old Tom Morris (4/4)

1866
 Willie Park, Sr. (3/4)

1865
 Andrew Strath

1864
 Old Tom Morris (3/4)

1863
 Willie Park, Sr. (2/4)

1862
 Old Tom Morris (2/4)

1861
 Old Tom Morris (1/4)

1860
 Willie Park, Sr. (1/4)

text: Major champions by nationality[edit]

text: The table below shows the number of major championships won by golfers from various countries. Tallies are also shown for major wins by golfers from Europe and from the "Rest of the World" (RoW), i.e. the world excluding Europe and the United States. The United States plays Europe in the Ryder Cup and an International Team representing the Rest of the World in the Presidents Cup. The table is complete through to the 2016 season. Since the establishment of The Masters in 1934, an American has won at least one major every year, with the exception of 1994.

text:
Decade
Total
ARG
AUS
CAN
ENG
FIJ
FRA
GER
JER
KOR
NZL
NIR
IRE
SCO
RSA
ESP
SWE
USA
WAL
ZIM
Eur
RoW

Total
445
3
17
1
35
3
1
4
9
1
2
7
3
55
22
8
1
269
1
3
124
52

2010s
34
–
2
–
2
–
–
2
–
–
–
6
–
–
3
1
1
17
–
–
12
5

2000s
40
2
1
1
–
2
–
–
–
1
1
–
3
–
4
–
–
25
–
–
3
12

1990s
40
–
4
–
4
1
–
1
–
–
–
–
–
1
2
2
–
21
1
3
9
10

1980s
40
–
2
–
2
–
–
1
–
–
–
–
–
2
–
4
–
29
–
–
9
2

1970s
40
–
1
–
1
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
4
1
–
33
–
–
2
5

1960s
40
1
2
–
1
–
–
–
–
–
1
–
–
–
4
–
–
31
–
–
1
8

1950s
40
–
4
–
1
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
4
–
–
31
–
–
1
8

1940s
26
–
1
–
1
–
–
–
–
–
–
1
–
–
1
–
–
22
–
–
2
2

1930s
36
–
–
–
6
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
30
–
–
6
–

1920s
30
–
–
–
4
–
–
–
1
–
–
–
–
2
–
–
–
23
–
–
7
–

1910s
15
–
–
–
3
–
–
–
3
–
–
–
–
2
–
–
–
7
–
–
8
–

1900s
20
–
–
–
3
–
1
–
2
–
–
–
–
14
–
–
–
–
–
–
20
–

1890s
15
–
–
–
7
–
–
–
3
–
–
–
–
5
–
–
–
–
–
–
15
–

1880s
10
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
10
–
–
–
–
–
–
10
–

1870s
9
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
9
–
–
–
–
–
–
9
–

1860s
10
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
10
–
–
–
–
–
–
10
–

text: Scoring records[edit]

text: Scoring records - aggregate[edit]

text: The aggregate scoring records for each major are tabulated below. Green indicates an outright record and yellow indicates a shared record.

text:
Date
Tournament
Player
Country
Rounds
Score
To par

Apr 13, 1997
Masters Tournament
Woods, TigerTiger Woods
 United States
70-66-65-69
270
−18

Apr 12, 2015
Masters Tournament
Spieth, JordanJordan Spieth
 United States
64-66-70-70
270
−18

Aug 19, 2001
PGA Championship
Toms, DavidDavid Toms
 United States
66-65-65-69
265
−15

Jun 19, 2011
U.S. Open
McIlroy, RoryRory McIlroy
 Northern Ireland
65-66-68-69
268
−16

Jul 17, 2016
The Open Championship
Stenson, HenrikHenrik Stenson
 Sweden
68-65-68-63
264
−20

text: Scoring records - to par[edit]

text: The scoring records to par for each major are tabulated below. Green indicates an outright record and yellow indicates a shared record.

text:
Date
Tournament
Player
Country
Rounds
Score
To par
Finish

Apr 13, 1997
Masters Tournament
Woods, TigerTiger Woods
 United States
70-66-65-69
270
−18
Won

Jun 19, 2011
U.S. Open
McIlroy, RoryRory McIlroy
 Northern Ireland
65-66-68-69
268
−16
Won

Apr 12, 2015
Masters Tournament
Spieth, JordanJordan Spieth
 United States
64-66-70-70
270
−18
Won

Aug 16, 2015
PGA Championship
Day, JasonJason Day
 Australia
68-67-66-67
268
−20
Won

Jul 17, 2016
The Open Championship
Stenson, HenrikHenrik Stenson
 Sweden
68-65-68-63
264
−20
Won

Jun 18, 2017
U.S. Open
Koepka, BrooksBrooks Koepka
 United States
67-70-68-67
272
−16
Won

text: Single round records[edit]

text: The record for a single round in a major championship is 62 which was recorded by South African golfer Branden Grace in the third round of the 2017 Open Championship.

text:
#
Player
Country
Major
Date
Course
Rnd
To par
Finish

1
Grace, BrandenBranden Grace
 South Africa
The Open Championship
Jul 22, 2017
Royal Birkdale Golf Club
3
−8
7000600000000000000♠T6

text: Many players have recorded a score of 63.[28] This has occurred 32 times by 30 golfers between 1973 and 2017. Greg Norman and Vijay Singh are the only golfers to record two rounds of 63 in the majors. Johnny Miller was the first golfer to shoot 63 in a major and was the only golfer to shoot 63 in the final round to win a major until Henrik Stenson did so as well during the 2016 Open Championship at Royal Troon Golf Club.

text:
#
Player
Country
Major
Date
Course
Rnd
To par
Finish

1
Miller, JohnnyJohnny Miller
 United States
U.S. Open
Jun 17, 1973
Oakmont Country Club
4
−8
7000100000000000000♠1

2
Crampton, BruceBruce Crampton
 Australia
PGA Championship
Aug 8, 1975
Firestone Country Club
2
−7
7000200000000000000♠2

3
Hayes, MarkMark Hayes
 United States
The Open Championship
Jul 7, 1977
Turnberry
2
−7
7000900000000000000♠T9

4
Weiskopf, TomTom Weiskopf
 United States
U.S. Open
Jun 12, 1980
Baltusrol Golf Club
1
−7
7001370000000000000♠37

5
Nicklaus, JackJack Nicklaus
 United States
U.S. Open
Jun 12, 1980
Baltusrol Golf Club (2)
1
−7
7000100000000000000♠1

6
Aoki, IsaoIsao Aoki
 Japan
The Open Championship
Jul 19, 1980
Muirfield
3
−8
7001120000000000000♠T12

7
Floyd, RaymondRaymond Floyd
 United States
PGA Championship
Aug 5, 1982
Southern Hills Country Club
1
−7
7000100000000000000♠1

8
Player, GaryGary Player
 South Africa
PGA Championship
Aug 17, 1984
Shoal Creek Golf and Country Club
2
−9
7000200000000000000♠T2

9
Price, NickNick Price
 Zimbabwe
Masters Tournament
Apr 12, 1986
Augusta National Golf Club
3
−9
7000500000000000000♠5

10
Norman, GregGreg Norman
 Australia
The Open Championship
Jul 18, 1986
Turnberry (2)
2
−7
7000100000000000000♠1

11
Broadhurst, PaulPaul Broadhurst
 England
The Open Championship
Jul 21, 1990
Old Course at St Andrews
3
−9
7001120000000000000♠T12

12
Mudd, JodieJodie Mudd
 United States
The Open Championship
Jul 21, 1991
Royal Birkdale Golf Club
4
−7
7000500000000000000♠T5

13
Faldo, NickNick Faldo
 England
The Open Championship
Jul 16, 1993
Royal St George's Golf Club
2
−7
7000200000000000000♠2

14
Stewart, PaynePayne Stewart
 United States
The Open Championship
Jul 18, 1993
Royal St George's Golf Club (2)
4
−7
7001120000000000000♠12

15
Singh, VijayVijay Singh
 Fiji
PGA Championship
Aug 13, 1993
Inverness Club
2
−8
7000400000000000000♠4

16
Bradley, MichaelMichael Bradley
 United States
PGA Championship
Aug 10, 1995
Riviera Country Club
1
−8
7001540000000000000♠T54

17
Faxon, BradBrad Faxon
 United States
PGA Championship
Aug 13, 1995
Riviera Country Club (2)
4
−8
7000500000000000000♠5

18
Norman, GregGreg Norman (2)
 Australia
Masters Tournament
Apr 11, 1996
Augusta National Golf Club (2)
1
−9
7000200000000000000♠2

19
Olazábal, José MaríaJosé María Olazábal
 Spain
PGA Championship
Aug 19, 2000
Valhalla Golf Club
3
−9
7000400000000000000♠T4

20
O'Meara, MarkMark O'Meara
 United States
PGA Championship
Aug 17, 2001
Atlanta Athletic Club
2
−7
7001220000000000000♠T22

21
Singh, VijayVijay Singh (2)
 Fiji
U.S. Open
Jun 13, 2003
Olympia Fields Country Club
2
−7
7001200000000000000♠T20

22
Bjørn, ThomasThomas Bjørn
 Denmark
PGA Championship
Aug 13, 2005
Baltusrol Golf Club (3)
3
−7
7000200000000000000♠T2

23
Woods, TigerTiger Woods
 United States
PGA Championship
Aug 10, 2007
Southern Hills Country Club (2)
2
−7
7000100000000000000♠1

24
McIlroy, RoryRory McIlroy
 Northern Ireland
The Open Championship
Jul 15, 2010
Old Course at St Andrews (2)
1
−9
7000300000000000000♠T3

25
Stricker, SteveSteve Stricker
 United States
PGA Championship
Aug 11, 2011
Atlanta Athletic Club (2)
1
−7
7001120000000000000♠T12

26
Dufner, JasonJason Dufner
 United States
PGA Championship
Aug 9, 2013
Oak Hill Country Club
2
−7
7000100000000000000♠1

27
Iwata, HiroshiHiroshi Iwata
 Japan
PGA Championship
Aug 14, 2015
Whistling Straits
2
−9
7001210000000000000♠T21

28
Mickelson, PhilPhil Mickelson
 United States
The Open Championship
Jul 14, 2016
Royal Troon Golf Club
1
−8
7000200000000000000♠2

29
Stenson, HenrikHenrik Stenson
 Sweden
The Open Championship
Jul 17, 2016
Royal Troon Golf Club (2)
4
−8
7000100000000000000♠1

30
Streb, RobertRobert Streb
 United States
PGA Championship
Jul 29, 2016
Baltusrol Golf Club (4)
2
−7
7000700000000000000♠T7

31
Thomas, JustinJustin Thomas
 United States
U.S. Open
Jun 17, 2017
Erin Hills
3
−9
7000900000000000000♠T9

32
Haotong, LiLi Haotong
 China
The Open Championship
Jul 23, 2017
Royal Birkdale Golf Club (2)
4
−7
7000300000000000000♠3

33
Fleetwood, TommyTommy Fleetwood
 England
U.S. Open
Jun 17, 2018
Shinnecock Hills Golf Club
4
−7
7000200000000000000♠2

text: 'Player of the Year' in major championships[edit]

text: There is no official award presented to the player with the best overall record in the four majors, although the PGA's Player of the Year system favors performances in the major championships. Since 1984, world ranking points have been assigned to finishes in the majors, which has allowed a calculation of which player has earned the most ranking points in majors in a season – in almost every year since, one of the year's major winners has either won two of them, or has been the only player to win one and record a high finish in another (like Justin Leonard in 1997, David Duval in 2001, Lucas Glover in 2009 or Dustin Johnson in 2016), enough to finish top of such a merit table in those years. The single exception was Nick Faldo in 1988, whose finishes of 2nd, 3rd and 4th earned him more world ranking points than any of that year's champions achieved during the season.

text: Tables are occasionally constructed for interest showing the overall scoring records for those players who have completed all 288 holes in the majors during a season. In the 1970s, Jack Nicklaus led such a table in 1970–73, 1975 and 1979, with Gary Player leading in 1974, Raymond Floyd in 1976, and Tom Watson in 1977 and 1978. In the 1980s a notable leader was in 1987, when Ben Crenshaw was top of this compilation after finishing 4th, 4th, 4th and 7th in the four majors. In total Crenshaw took 1,140 strokes, only 12 more than the sum total of the four respective champions' scores of 1,128. Recent 'winners' of this accolade are Pádraig Harrington in 2008, Ross Fisher in 2009, Phil Mickelson in 2010, Charl Schwartzel in 2011, and Adam Scott in 2012. In 2013, Scott and fellow Australian Jason Day tied for this accolade with a cumulative score of +2. Rickie Fowler led in 2014 with −32 after top-five finishes in all four tournaments, while in 2015 Jordan Spieth led the standings by achieving the lowest all-time cumulative score in a year of −54, one shot better than the cumulative score of Tiger Woods in 2000. In 2016, Jason Day again led with −9, achieved despite not winning any of the major tournaments during the year. In 2017, Brooks Koepka topped the list with a cumulative scored of −21, one shot better than Matt Kuchar and Hideki Matsuyama.

text: Consecutive victories at a major championship[edit]

text:
Nationality
Player
Major
#
Years

 Scotland
Tom Morris, Jr.
The Open Championship
4
1868, 1869, 1870, 1872[a]

 United States
Walter Hagen
PGA Championship
4
1924, 1925, 1926, 1927

 Scotland
Jamie Anderson
The Open Championship
3
1877, 1878, 1879

 Scotland
Bob Ferguson
The Open Championship
3
1880, 1881, 1882

 Scotland
Willie Anderson
U.S. Open
3
1903, 1904, 1905

 Australia
Peter Thomson
The Open Championship
3
1954, 1955, 1956

 Scotland
Tom Morris, Sr.
The Open Championship
2
1861, 1862

 Jersey
Harry Vardon
The Open Championship
2
1898, 1899

 Scotland
James Braid
The Open Championship
2
1905, 1906

 England
John Henry Taylor
The Open Championship
2
1894, 1895

 United States
John McDermott
U.S. Open
2
1911, 1912

 England
Jim Barnes
PGA Championship
2
1916, 1919[a]

 United States
Gene Sarazen
PGA Championship
2
1922, 1923

 United States
Bobby Jones
The Open Championship
2
1926, 1927

 United States
Walter Hagen
The Open Championship
2
1928, 1929

 United States
Leo Diegel
PGA Championship
2
1928, 1929

 United States
Bobby Jones
U.S. Open
2
1929, 1930

 United States
Denny Shute
PGA Championship
2
1936, 1937

 United States
Ralph Guldahl
U.S. Open
2
1937, 1938

 South Africa
Bobby Locke
The Open Championship
2
1949, 1950

 United States
Ben Hogan
U.S. Open
2
1950, 1951

 United States
Arnold Palmer
The Open Championship
2
1961, 1962

 United States
Jack Nicklaus
Masters Tournament
2
1965, 1966

 United States
Lee Trevino
The Open Championship
2
1971, 1972

 United States
Tom Watson
The Open Championship
2
1982, 1983

 United States
Curtis Strange
U.S. Open
2
1988, 1989

 England
Nick Faldo
Masters Tournament
2
1989, 1990

 United States
Tiger Woods
PGA Championship
2
1999, 2000

 United States
Tiger Woods
Masters Tournament
2
2001, 2002

 United States
Tiger Woods
The Open Championship
2
2005, 2006

 United States
Tiger Woods
PGA Championship (2)
2
2006, 2007

 Ireland
Pádraig Harrington
The Open Championship
2
2007, 2008

 United States
Brooks Koepka
U.S. Open
2
2017, 2018

text: a These are consecutive because no tournaments were played in between at The Open Championship in 1871 or at the PGA Championship in 1917 and 1918.

text: Wire-to-wire major victories[edit]

text: Players who have led or been tied for the lead after each round of a major.

text:
Outright leader after every round

Nationality
Player
Year
Major

 Jersey
Ted Ray
1912
Open

 United States
Walter Hagen
1914
U.S.

 England
Jim Barnes
1921

 United States
Bobby Jones
1927
Open

Gene Sarazen
1932

 England
Henry Cotton
1934

 United States
Craig Wood
1941
Masters

Ben Hogan
1953
U.S.

Arnold Palmer
1960
Masters

Bobby Nichols
1964
PGA

 England
Tony Jacklin
1970
U.S.

 United States
Jack Nicklaus
1971
PGA

1972
Masters

Tom Weiskopf
1973
Open

Raymond Floyd
1976
Masters

1982
PGA

Hal Sutton
1983

Tiger Woods
2000
U.S.

2002

2005
Open

 Northern Ireland
Rory McIlroy
2011
U.S.

 Germany
Martin Kaymer
2014

 Northern Ireland
Rory McIlroy
Open

 United States
Jordan Spieth
2015
Masters

Tied for the lead at the end of least one round

Nationality
Player
Year
Major

 Scotland
Willie Anderson
1903
U.S.

Alex Smith
1906

 United States
Chick Evans
1916

Tommy Bolt
1958

Arnold Palmer
1964
Masters

Raymond Floyd
1969
PGA

Jack Nicklaus
1972
U.S.

Hubert Green
1977

 Spain
Seve Ballesteros
1980
Masters

 United States
Jack Nicklaus
U.S.

Payne Stewart
1991

 Zimbabwe
Nick Price
1994
PGA

 United States
Tiger Woods
2000

 South Africa
Retief Goosen
2001
U.S.

 United States
Phil Mickelson
2005
PGA

 South Africa
Trevor Immelman
2008
Masters

 United States
Jimmy Walker
2016
PGA

Jordan Spieth
2017
Open

text: Top ten finishes in all four modern majors in one season[edit]

text: It was rare, before the early 1960s, for the leading players from around the world to have the opportunity to compete in all four of the 'modern' majors in one season, because of the different qualifying criteria used in each at the time, the costs of traveling to compete (in an era when tournament prize money was very low, and only the champion himself would earn the chance of ongoing endorsements), and on occasion even the conflicting scheduling of the Open and PGA Championships. In 1937, the U.S. Ryder Cup side all competed in The Open Championship, but of those who finished in the top ten of that event, only Ed Dudley could claim a "top ten" finish in all four of the majors in 1937, if his defeat in the last-16 round of that year's PGA Championship (then at matchplay) was considered a "joint 9th" position.

text: Following 1960, when Arnold Palmer's narrowly failed bid to add the Open Championship to his Masters and U.S. Open titles (and thus emulate Hogan's 1953 "triple crown") helped to establish the concept of the modern professional "Grand Slam", it has become commonplace for the leading players to be invited to, and indeed compete in, all four majors each year. Even so, those who have recorded top-ten finishes in all four, in a single year, remains a small and select group.

text:
Three majors won in calendar year that the top ten was completed  #

Two majors won in calendar year that the top ten was completed  ‡

One major won in calendar year that the top ten was completed  †

No majors won in calendar year that the top ten was completed  ^

Never won a regular tour major championship in his career  *

text:
Nationality
Player
Year
Wins
Major championship results
Lowest
placing

Masters
U.S. Open
Open Ch.
PGA Ch.

 United States
Ed Dudley  *
1937
0
3rd
5th
6th
R16
R16

 United States
Arnold Palmer  ‡
1960
2
1
1
2nd
T7
T7

 South Africa
Gary Player  ^
1963
0
T5
T8
T7
T8
T8

 United States
Arnold Palmer (2)  ^
1966
0
T4
2nd
T8
T6
T8

 United States
Doug Sanders  *
1966
0
T4
T8
T2
T6
T8

 United States
Miller Barber  *
1969
0
7th
T6
10th
T5
10th

 United States
Jack Nicklaus  †
1971
1
T2
2nd
T5
1
T5

 United States
Jack Nicklaus (2)  †
1973
1
T3
T4
4th
1
T4

 United States
Jack Nicklaus (3)  ^
1974
0
T4
T10
3rd
2nd
T10

 South Africa
Gary Player (2)  ‡
1974
2
1
T8
1
7th
T8

 United States
Hale Irwin  ^
1975
0
T4
T3
T9
T5
T9

 United States
Jack Nicklaus (4)  ‡
1975
2
1
T7
T3
1
T7

 United States
Tom Watson  †
1975
1
T8
T9
1
9th
T9

 United States
Jack Nicklaus (5)  ^
1977
0
2nd
T10
2nd
3rd
T10

 United States
Tom Watson (2)  ‡
1977
2
1
T7
1
T6
T7

 United States
Tom Watson (3)  ‡
1982
2
T5
1
1
T9
T9

 United States
Ben Crenshaw  ^
1987
0
T4
T4
T4
T7
T7

 United States
Tiger Woods  #
2000
3
5th
1
1
1
5th

 Spain
Sergio García  ^
2002
0
8th
4th
T8
10th
10th

 South Africa
Ernie Els  ^
2004
0
2nd
T9
2nd
T4
T9

 United States
Phil Mickelson  †
2004
1
1
2nd
3rd
T6
T6

 Fiji
Vijay Singh  ^
2005
0
T5
T6
T5
T10
T10

 United States
Tiger Woods (2)  ‡
2005
2
1
2nd
1
T4
T4

 United States
Rickie Fowler  *
2014
0
T5
T2
T2
T3
T5

 United States
Jordan Spieth  ‡
2015
2
1
1
T4
2nd
T4

text: On 13 of the 25 occasions the feat has been achieved, the player in question did not win a major that year – indeed, three of the players (Dudley, Sanders and Barber) failed to win a major championship in their careers (although Barber would go on to win five senior majors), and Fowler has also yet to win one (as of the end of the end of the 2018 U.S. Open).

text: Multiple major victories in a calendar year[edit]

text: Four[edit]

text: 1930:  Bobby Jones; The Open Championship, U.S. Open, U.S. Amateur Championship, The Amateur Championship

text: Three[edit]

text:
1953:  Ben Hogan; Masters Tournament, U.S. Open, and The Open Championship
2000:  Tiger Woods; U.S. Open, The Open Championship, and The PGA Championship

text: Two[edit]

text: Masters and U.S. Open[edit]

text:
1941:  Craig Wood
1951:  Ben Hogan
1960:  Arnold Palmer
1972:  Jack Nicklaus
2002:  Tiger Woods
2015:  Jordan Spieth

text: Masters and Open Championship[edit]

text:
1962:  Arnold Palmer
1966:  Jack Nicklaus
1974:  Gary Player
1977:  Tom Watson
1990:  Nick Faldo
1998:  Mark O'Meara
2005:  Tiger Woods

text: Masters and PGA Championship[edit]

text:
1949:  Sam Snead
1956:  Jack Burke, Jr
1963:  Jack Nicklaus
1975:  Jack Nicklaus

text: U.S. Open and Open Championship[edit]

text:
1926:  Bobby Jones
1932:  Gene Sarazen
1971:  Lee Trevino
1982:  Tom Watson

text: U.S. Open and PGA Championship[edit]

text:
1922:  Gene Sarazen
1948:  Ben Hogan
1980:  Jack Nicklaus

text: Open Championship and PGA Championship[edit]

text:
1924:  Walter Hagen
1994:  Nick Price
2006:  Tiger Woods
2008:  Pádraig Harrington
2014:  Rory McIlroy

text: Consecutive major victories (including over multiple years)[edit]

text: Four[edit]

text:
1868–72:  Young Tom Morris 1868 Open, 1869 Open, 1870 Open, 1872 Open (No Open Championship played in 1871)
1930:  Bobby Jones 1930 Amateur, 1930 Open, 1930 U.S. Open, 1930 U.S. Amateur
2000–01:  Tiger Woods 2000 U.S. Open, 2000 Open, 2000 PGA, 2001 Masters

text: Three[edit]

text:
1877–79:  Jamie Anderson 1877 Open, 1878 Open, 1879 Open
1880–82:  Bob Ferguson 1880 Open, 1881 Open, 1882 Open

text: Two[edit]

text: Note: The order in which the majors were contested was inconsistent between 1895 and 1953. Since 1954, the majors have been played in their modern order (Masters, U.S. Open, Open Championship, PGA), except 1971, when the PGA was played prior to the Masters.

text:
1861–62:  Old Tom Morris 1861 Open, 1862 Open
1894–95:  J.H. Taylor 1894 Open, 1895 Open
1920–21:  Jock Hutchison 1920 PGA, 1921 Open (The Open Championship was the first major contested in 1921)
1921–22:  Walter Hagen 1921 PGA, 1922 Open (The Open Championship was the first major contested in 1922)
1922:  Gene Sarazen 1922 U.S. Open, 1922 PGA
1924:  Walter Hagen 1924 Open, 1924 PGA
1926:  Bobby Jones 1926 Open, 1926 U.S. Open (The Open Championship was played before the U.S. Open in 1926)
1927–28:  Walter Hagen 1927 PGA, 1928 Open (The Open Championship was the first major contested in 1928)
1930–31:  Tommy Armour 1930 PGA, 1931 Open (The Open Championship was the first major contested in 1931)
1932:  Gene Sarazen 1932 Open, 1932 U.S. Open (The Open Championship was the first major contested in 1932, followed by the U.S. Open)
1941:  Craig Wood 1941 Masters, 1941 U.S. Open
1948:  Ben Hogan 1948 PGA, 1948 U.S. Open (The PGA was played between the Masters and U.S. Open in 1948)
1949:  Sam Snead 1949 Masters, 1949 PGA (As in 1948, the 1949 PGA was played between the Masters and U.S. Open)
1951:  Ben Hogan 1951 Masters, 1951 U.S. Open
1953:  Ben Hogan; 1953 Masters, 1953 U.S. Open (The 1953 Open Championship, also won by Hogan, was actually concluded only 3 days after 1953 PGA)
1960:  Arnold Palmer 1960 Masters, 1960 U.S. Open
1971:  Lee Trevino 1971 U.S. Open, 1971 Open
1972:  Jack Nicklaus 1972 Masters, 1972 U.S. Open (The 1971 PGA, also won by Nicklaus, was not consecutive due to being played prior to the Masters in 1971)
1982:  Tom Watson 1982 U.S. Open, 1982 Open
1994:  Nick Price 1994 Open, 1994 PGA
2002:  Tiger Woods 2002 Masters, 2002 U.S. Open
2005–06:  Phil Mickelson 2005 PGA, 2006 Masters
2006:  Tiger Woods 2006 Open, 2006 PGA
2008:  Pádraig Harrington 2008 Open, 2008 PGA
2014:  Rory McIlroy 2014 Open, 2014 PGA
2015:  Jordan Spieth 2015 Masters, 2015 U.S. Open

text: Most runner-up finishes in major championships[edit]

text: For the purposes of this section a runner-up is defined as someone who either (i) tied for the lead after 72 holes (or 36 holes in the case of the early championships) but lost the playoff or (ii) finished alone or in a tie for second place. In a few instances players have been involved in a playoff for the win or for second place prize money and have ended up taking the third prize (e.g. 1870 Open Championship, 1966 Masters Tournament). These players are still regarded as being runners-up. For match play PGA Championships up to 1957 the runner-up is the losing finalist.

text: Along with his record 18 major victories, Jack Nicklaus also holds the record for most runner-up finishes in major championships, with 19, including a record 7 at the Open Championship. Phil Mickelson has the second most with 11 runner-up finishes after the 2016 Open Championship, which includes a record 6 runner-up finishes at the U.S. Open, the one major he has never won. Arnold Palmer had 10 second places, including three in the major he never won, the PGA Championship. There have been three golfers with 8 runner-up finishes – Sam Snead, Greg Norman and Tom Watson. Norman shares the distinction of having lost playoffs in each of the four majors with Craig Wood (who lost the 1934 PGA final – at match play – on the second extra hole).

text:
Jack Nicklaus: 19 (1960–1983)
 Phil Mickelson: 11 (1999–2016)
 Arnold Palmer: 10 (1960–1970)
 Sam Snead: 8 (1937–1957)
 Greg Norman: 8 (1984–1996)
 Tom Watson: 8 (1978–2009)

text: Players with most runner-up finishes but no major victories[edit]

text:
Colin Montgomerie 5: U.S. Open 1994, 1997, 2006; Open 2005; PGA 1995
/ Harry Cooper 4: U.S. Open 1927, 1936; Masters 1936, 1938
 Doug Sanders 4: U.S. Open 1961; Open 1966, 1970; PGA 1959
 Bruce Crampton 4: Masters 1972; U.S. Open 1972; PGA 1973, 1975[a]

text: a Crampton was second to Jack Nicklaus on each occasion.