document_title: Go, Cubs, Go

question_text: when did the cubs start playing go cubs go after wins

text: Go, Cubs, Go

text: History[edit]

text:
"Go, Cubs, Go!"

Manic Sewing Circle 2008 version cover art

Single by Manic Sewing Circle

from the album Go, Cubs, Go! (2008 version)

Released
2008

Format
Digital download

Recorded
2008

Genre
Pop punk

Length
2:23

Label
Oh Boy Records

Songwriter(s)
Steve Goodman

text: Goodman was a lifelong Cubs fan.[6] The song was written by Goodman at the request of WGN/720,[7] which was the Cubs' radio broadcast partner.[6] Goodman had in 1981 recorded "A Dying Cub Fan's Last Request", a song about the historic failures of the Cubs franchise, but had been banned from playing it at Wrigley Field.[2] That song described the team as "doormat of the National League" and referred to Wrigley Field as an "ivy-covered burial ground."[1]

text: At the time that WGN Program Director Dan Fabian requested the new song, "It's a Beautiful Day for a Ball Game" by The Harry Simeone Songsters was the theme song. He had been motivated by Cubs manager Dallas Green's effort to change the team spirit. Goodman happened to be in town for a WGN radio talk show and was receptive to the idea of writing the team a new song.[3]

text: "Go, Cubs, Go," recorded at the Chicago Recording Company with several of the team members participating in the chorus, first became popular during 1984 when the Cubs won the 1984 National League East Division Championship and subsequently lost in the 1984 National League Championship Series. That season (and for several afterwards) it was the official team song.[2] It was first aired on WGN on Opening Day and played every gameday for the rest of the season.[3] During that season, Goodman lost his sixteen-year battle with leukemia four days before the Cubs clinched the division title.[1][2] In the next three years, 60,000 copies of the song were sold with proceeds going to charity.[7] Some 1984 Cubs players can be heard performing the refrain.[7]

text: In 1987, the song gave way to The Beach Boys' "Here Come the Cubs".[1] Later team songs included songs such as Kool & the Gang's "Celebration" and KC and the Sunshine Band's "Get Down Tonight".[1][6] The song was eventually included on Goodman's album No Big Surprise: Anthology, which was released on September 15, 1994.[8]

text: Modern resurgence[edit]

text: The song has had a resurgence in tandem with the success of the 2007 and 2008 Chicago Cubs, who won consecutive National League Central Division regular season championships,[9] and the May 2007 release of the biography of Steve Goodman, Steve Goodman: Facing the Music (ISBN 1-55022-732-7).[10][11] In recent years, broadcasts on WGN-TV and CSN Chicago have begun delaying postgame commentary to enable viewers to hear Goodman's song and to watch fans at Wrigley listening and singing along.[1] Cubs management decided to incorporate the song into the stadium experience following the team's annual winter conference (not to be confused with baseball's winter meetings) in which attendees dropped everything they were doing to sing along.[7]

text: More recently, in the 2012 season, Chicago band The Fold used the lyric "Go Cubs Go" in their winning track for WGN Radio's 2012 Season, "Let's Go Cubbies".

text: In the first week of October 2007, it was the most popular folk music digital download on iTunes.[1] With the Cubs in playoff contention for the first time in three years, the Cubs' victory tune, Go Cubs Go! became more popular among the fans. Due to the song's growing popularity, after wins at home, Cubs TV broadcasters Len Kasper and Bob Brenly would have their microphones shut off, while the camera pans around the stadium to view the jubilant fans singing Go Cubs Go! playing in the background. During that season, it was known as the unofficial Chicago Cubs victory song and it was played at Wrigley Field after each Cubs victory.[1][2] There were 44 such victories during the 2007 regular season.[1] On October 5, 2007, Illinois Lieutenant Governor Pat Quinn declared the day "Steve Goodman Day" throughout the state.[2]

text: On August 1, 2008, WGN Radio and Vibes Media released a ringtone version of the song for purchase by text message for a cost of US$2.99. At that time it was described as the official Cubs victory song.[3] Also in 2008, the song was included on the album Take Me Out To A Cubs Game which was subtitled "Music For The Cubs Fan". The album is a 17-song album with a total run time of 55 minutes and 35 seconds that includes the September 21, 1997 Harry Caray performance of "Take Me Out to the Ball Game", which was his last. The album was produced in celebration of the 100th anniversary of the Cubs 1908 World Series victory and contains sounds and songs of the Cubs and Wrigley Field.[12][13] The album is an officially licensed Major League Baseball music CD.[13] Neither of Goodman's other notable songs about the Cubs ("A Dying Cub Fan's Last Request" or "When the Cubs Go Marching In") was included on the album.

text: Also in 2008, the song was released by Manic Sewing Circle. It was performed for the first time live on WGN-TV at the Skybox on Sheffield, located directly across from Wrigley Field on opening day 2008.[14] Their cover version of the song was released with proceeds going to official charities of the Chicago Cubs and WGN radio: Cubs Care and Neediest Kids Fund.[15] The Manic Sewing Circle version of the song is also available on iTunes by digital download,[13] and they publicized this version throughout Chicago.[5] Although the original Goodman version of the song is 2:51, the new Manic Sewing Circle version is only 2:23 long.

text: In September 2008, prompted by the Cubs' 2008 season and a piece by Mike Leonard on the NBC Today Show about Steve Goodman, Red Pajamas Records issued a 4-cut EP titled The Baseball Singles with Goodman's performances of "Go Cubs Go", "A Dying Cub Fan's Last Request", "When The Cubs Go Marching In", and "Take Me Out to the Ball Game".[16]

text: The song surged in sales on U.S. digital download services,[17] including the top five on Amazon Music and the top 15 on iTunes,[18] following the team's 2016 World Series victory. "Go, Cubs, Go" debuted at number 22 on Spotify's Viral 50[19] and debuted at number 3 on Billboard's Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart.[20] The cast of the musical Hamilton in Chicago sang a rendition of the song on November 3, 2016.[21] During the team's victory rally at Grant Park on November 4, 2016, country singer Brett Eldredge sang his own rendition of the song.[22] The following day, Cubs players Anthony Rizzo, Dexter Fowler, and David Ross appeared on Saturday Night Live to perform the song during the show's weekly Weekend Update segment, together with actor Bill Murray, an avid Cubs supporter.[23]

text: Several of the Cubs' minor league affiliates also use the song, including the Tennessee Smokies.[24] The Daytona Cubs also used the song before changing affiliations.[25]

text: On the premiere of Dancing with the Stars's 24th season, former Cubs catcher David Ross and his partner Lindsay Arnold danced to a shortened version of the song. [26]

text: Thematic issues[edit]

text: The song is perceived as an upbeat one that leaves listeners with a happy feeling.[27] It is described as having catchy riffs and exuberant vocals that characterized the essence of Cubs fandom while, noting in the lyrics, "You can catch it all on WGN."[3] (That particular lyric is now partially out of date, as WGN radio, which had carried Cubs games in some form or another since 1925, gave up the radio rights to the Cubs in 2015 to CBS Radio.[28] WGN-TV still carries a portion of the Cubs game telecasts.) The new Manic Sewing Circle cover is a ska-punk version instead of the original folk music.[5]

text: Charts[edit]

text:
Chart (2016)
Peak
position

US Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles (Billboard)[29]
3

US Digital Songs (Billboard)[20]
49

text: Notes[edit]

text:
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i Zarefsky, Marc (October 5, 2007). "'Go, Cubs, Go' a staple in Chicago". MLB.com. Major League Baseball Advanced Media, L.P. Retrieved September 12, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f Eals, Clay. "Go, Cubs, Go". Retrieved September 21, 2008.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e "WGN Radio and Vibes Media team up to bring iconic Cubs anthem "Go Cubs Go" to mobile phones". WGN Radio. August 1, 2008. Retrieved September 20, 2008. [dead link]
Jump up ^ "Chicago Cubs Ballpark Music". Major League Baseball Advanced Media, L.P. Retrieved September 12, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b c "Manic Sewing Circle perform "Go Cubs Go"". WGNTV.com. Tribune Interactive. September 12, 2008. Retrieved September 21, 2008. [dead link]
^ Jump up to: a b c "Song Makes a Comeback Along With the Cubs". The Washington Post. October 5, 2007. Retrieved September 21, 2008.
^ Jump up to: a b c d Babwin, Don (October 3, 2007). "Go Cubs Go: Cubs anthem by late folk songwriter making a comeback". USA TODAY. Retrieved September 20, 2008.
Jump up ^ "No Big Surprise: Anthology". Amazon.com, Inc. 2008. Retrieved September 21, 2008.
Jump up ^ Gano, Rick (September 20, 2008). "Chicago Cubs win Central again". Yahoo! Sports. Yahoo! Inc./The Associated Press. Retrieved September 21, 2008.
Jump up ^ "Steve Goodman: Facing the Music (Paperback)". Amazon.com, Inc. May 2007. Retrieved September 21, 2008.
Jump up ^ "Book Catalogue: Steve Goodman: Facing the Music". ECW Press Inc. 2007. Archived from the original on August 7, 2008. Retrieved November 22, 2008.
Jump up ^ "'Take Me Out To A Cubs Game' Music CD". Amazon.com, Inc. 2008. Retrieved October 10, 2008.
^ Jump up to: a b c "Take Me Out To A Cubs Game CD". CubHub.net. 2008. Retrieved October 10, 2008.
Jump up ^ "Manic Sewing Circle on YouTube". YouTube.com. 2009. Retrieved March 5, 2009.
Jump up ^ "Manic Sewing Circle". CDBaby.com. 2008. Retrieved October 10, 2008.
Jump up ^ "Steve Goodman - The Baseball Singles EP". Music Fans Direct. Retrieved December 11, 2008.
Jump up ^ Havens, Lyndsey (November 3, 2016). "Steve Goodman's 'Go, Cubs, Go' Hits Streaming Highs During Chicago's World Series Run". Billboard. Prometheus Global Media. Retrieved November 8, 2016.
Jump up ^ James, Jordan (November 3, 2016). "'Go Cubs Go' shoots up Itunes charts after Chicago's World Series win". 247Sports.com. CBS Interactive. Retrieved November 8, 2016.
Jump up ^ Bonesteel, Matt (November 4, 2016). "Let’s all watch the cast of ‘Hamilton’ sing ‘Go Cubs Go’". The Washington Post. Fred Ryan. Retrieved November 8, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b Zellner, Xander (November 8, 2016). "'Go, Cubs, Go' Hits Billboard Charts for the First Time After Cubs' World Series Win". Billboard. Prometheus Global Media. Retrieved November 8, 2016.
Jump up ^ Havens, Lyndsey (November 4, 2016). "Chicago Cast of 'Hamilton' Close Show With 'Go Cubs Go': Watch". Billboard. Prometheus Global Media. Retrieved November 6, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Watch: Brett Eldredge leads Cubs fans in 'Go Cubs Go'". Comcast SportsNet Chicago. NBC Universal. November 4, 2016. Retrieved November 7, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Cubs stars give 'SNL' a post-World Series song and dance". Chicago Tribune. November 6, 2016.
Jump up ^ Danko, Laurie (June 28, 2010). "The story behind why we all sing "Go Cubs, Go"". Tennessee Smokies. Retrieved April 27, 2016.
Jump up ^ Folsom, Jim. "Jackie Robinson Ballpark Stadium Review". Stadium Journey. Retrieved April 27, 2016.
Jump up ^ Swartz, Tracy (March 4, 2017). "David Ross to dance to 'Go Cubs Go' on 'Dancing with the Stars'". Chicago Tribune.
Jump up ^ Brown, David (September 19, 2008). "Eddie Vedder ready to go 'All The Way' with new Cubs song". Yahoo! Inc. Retrieved September 20, 2008.
Jump up ^ Marek, Lynne (May 30, 2014). "WGN America to drop Chicago sports". Chicago Business. Retrieved June 27, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Steve Goodman – Chart history" Billboard Bubbling Under Hot 100 for Steve Goodman. Retrieved November 8, 2016.


document_title: War on Poverty

question_text: by 1967 the reaction against the war on poverty resulted in

root

text: War on Poverty

text: Major initiatives[edit]

text:
The Economic Opportunity Act of 1964 which created the Community Action Program, Job Corps and Volunteers in Service to America (VISTA), centerpiece of the "war on poverty" – August 20, 1964
Food Stamp Act of 1964 – August 31, 1964[3]
Elementary and Secondary Education Act - April 11, 1965
Social Security Act 1965 (Created Medicare and Medicaid) – July 19, 1965

tag: ul

text: The Office of Economic Opportunity was the agency responsible for administering most of the War on Poverty programs created during Johnson's Administration, including VISTA, Job Corps, Head Start, Legal Services and the Community Action Program. The OEO was established in 1964 and quickly became a target of both left-wing and right-wing critics of the War on Poverty. Directors of the OEO included Sargent Shriver, Bertrand Harding, and Donald Rumsfeld.

tag: p

text: The OEO launched Project Head Start as an eight-week summer program in 1965. The project was designed to help end poverty by providing preschool children from low-income families with a program that would meet emotional, social, health, nutritional, and psychological needs. Head Start was then transferred to the Office of Child Development in the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare (later the Department of Health and Human Services) by the Nixon Administration in 1969.

text: President Johnson also announced a second project to follow children from the Head Start program. This was implemented in 1967 with Project Follow Through, the largest educational experiment ever conducted.[4]

text: The policy trains disadvantaged and at-risk youth and has provided more than 2 million disadvantaged young people with the integrated academic, vocational, and social skills training they need to gain independence and get quality, long-term jobs or further their education.[5] Job Corps continues to help 70,000 youths annually at 122 Job Corps centers throughout the country.[6] Besides vocational training, many Job Corps also offer GED programs as well as high school diplomas and programs to get students into college.

text: Results and aftermath[edit]

text: In the decade following the 1964 introduction of the war on poverty, poverty rates in the U.S. dropped to their lowest level since comprehensive records began in 1958: from 17.3% in the year the Economic Opportunity Act was implemented to 11.1% in 1973. They have remained between 11 and 15.2% ever since.[7] It is important to note, however, that the steep decline in poverty rates began in 1959, 5 years before the introduction of the war on poverty (see figure 4 below).[8]

text: The 'absolute poverty line' is the threshold below which families or individuals are considered to be lacking the resources to meet the basic needs for healthy living; having insufficient income to provide the food, shelter and clothing needed to preserve health. Poverty among Americans between ages 18–64 has fallen only marginally since 1966, from 10.5% then to 10.1% today. Poverty has significantly fallen among Americans under 18 years old from 23% in 1964 down to less than 17%, although it has risen again to 20% in 2009.[9] The most dramatic decrease in poverty was among Americans over 65, which fell from 28.5% in 1966 to 10.1% today.

text: In 2004, more than 35.9 million, or 12% of Americans including 12.1 million children, were considered to be living in poverty with an average growth of almost 1 million per year. According to the Cato Institute, a libertarian think tank, since the Johnson Administration, almost $15 trillion has been spent on welfare, with poverty rates being about the same as during the Johnson Administration.[10] A 2013 study published by Columbia University asserts that without the social safety net, the poverty rate would have been 29% for 2012, instead of 16%.[11] According to OECD data from 2012, the poverty rate before taxes and transfers was 28.3%, while the poverty rate after taxes and transfers fell to 17.4%.[12]

text: The OEO was dismantled by President Nixon in 1973, though many of the agency's programs were transferred to other government agencies.

text: According to the "Readers' Companion to U.S. Women's History",

text: Many observers point out that the War on Poverty's attention to Black America created the grounds for the backlash that began in the 1970s. The perception by the white middle class that it was footing the bill for ever-increasing services to the poor led to diminished support for welfare state programs, especially those that targeted specific groups and neighborhoods. Many whites viewed Great Society programs as supporting the economic and social needs of low-income urban minorities; they lost sympathy, especially as the economy declined during the 1970s.[13]

text: United States Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare under President Jimmy Carter, Joseph A. Califano, Jr. wrote in 1999 in an issue of the Washington Monthly that:[14]

text: In waging the war on poverty, congressional opposition was too strong to pass an income maintenance law. So LBJ took advantage of the biggest automatic cash machine around: Social Security. He proposed, and Congress enacted, whopping increases in the minimum benefits that lifted some two million Americans 65 and older above the poverty line. In 1996, thanks to those increased minimum benefits, Social Security lifted 12 million senior citizens above the poverty line ... No Great Society undertaking has been subjected to more withering conservative attacks than the Office of Economic Opportunity. Yet, the War on Poverty was founded on the most conservative principle: Put the power in the local community, not in Washington; give people at the grassroots the ability to stand tall on their own two feet. Conservative claims that the OEO poverty programs were nothing but a waste of money are preposterous ... Eleven of the 12 programs that OEO launched in the mid-'60s are alive, well and funded at an annual rate exceeding $10 billion; apparently legislators believe they're still working.

text: Reception and critique[edit]

text: President Johnson's "War on Poverty" speech was delivered at a time of recovery (the poverty level had fallen from 22.4% in 1959 to 19% in 1964 when the War on Poverty was announced) and it was viewed by critics as an effort to get the United States Congress to authorize social welfare programs.[15]

text: Some economists, including Milton Friedman, have argued that Johnson's policies actually had a negative impact on the economy because of their interventionist nature, noting in a PBS interview that "the government sets out to eliminate poverty, it has a war on poverty, so-called "poverty" increases. It has a welfare program, and the welfare program leads to an expansion of problems. A general attitude develops that government isn't a very efficient way of doing things."[16] Adherents of this school of thought recommend that the best way to fight poverty is not through government spending but through economic growth.[17][18][19]

text: Prof. Tony Judt, the late historian, said in reference to the earlier proposed title of the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Act that "a more Orwellian title would be hard to conceive" and attributed the decline in the popularity of the Great Society as a policy to its success, as fewer people feared hunger, sickness, and ignorance. Additionally, fewer people were concerned with ensuring a minimum standard for all citizens and social liberalism.[20]

text: Conservative Research Fellow at the Independent Institute James L. Payne followed this line of thinking when he wrote that "the war on poverty was a costly, tragic mistake [because]...abolishing poverty did not seem far-fetched to the activists ... [and] it was a perspective that led to intolerance ... The simple economic theory of poverty led to a single underlying principle for welfare programs ... In adopting the handout approach for their programs, the war-on-poverty activists failed to notice—or failed to care—that they were ignoring over a century of theory and experience in the social welfare field ... The war-on-poverty activists not only ignored the lessons of the past on the subject of handouts; they also ignored their own experience with the poor."[21]

text: Thomas Sowell also criticized the War on Poverty's programs, writing "The black family, which had survived centuries of slavery and discrimination, began rapidly disintegrating in the liberal welfare state that subsidized unwed pregnancy and changed welfare from an emergency rescue to a way of life." [22]

text: Others took a different tack. In 1967, in his book Where Do We Go from Here: Chaos or Community? Martin Luther King "criticized Johnson's War on Poverty for being too piecemeal", saying that programs created under the "war on poverty" such as "housing programs, job training and family counseling" all had "a fatal disadvantage [because] the programs have never proceeded on a coordinated basis...[and noted that] at no time has a total, coordinated and fully adequate program been conceived."[23] In his speech on April 4, 1967 at Riverside Church in New City, King connected the war in Vietnam with the "war on poverty":

text: There is at the outset a very obvious and almost facile connection between the war in Vietnam and the struggle I, and others, have been waging in America. A few years ago there was a shining moment in that struggle. It seemed as if there was a real promise of hope for the poor—both black and white—through the poverty program. There were experiments, hopes, new beginnings. Then came the buildup in Vietnam and I watched the program broken and eviscerated as if it were some idle political plaything of a society gone mad on war, and I knew that America would never invest the necessary funds or energies in rehabilitation of its poor so long as adventures like Vietnam continued to draw men and skills and money like some demonic destructive suction tube. So I was increasingly compelled to see the war as an enemy of the poor and to attack it as such. Perhaps the more tragic recognition of reality took place when it became clear to me that the war was doing far more than devastating the hopes of the poor at home.[24]

text: This criticism was repeated in his speech at the same place later that month when he said that "and you may not know it, my friends, but it is estimated that we spend $500,000 to kill each enemy soldier, while we spend only fifty-three dollars for each person classified as poor, and much of that fifty-three dollars goes for salaries to people that are not poor. So I was increasingly compelled to see the war as an enemy of the poor, and attack it as such."[25] The next year, King started the Poor People's Campaign to address the shortcomings of the "war on poverty" and to "demand a check" for suffering African-Americans which was carried on briefly after his death with the construction and maintenance of an encampment, Resurrection City, for over six weeks.[26] Years later, a writer in The Nation remarked that "the war on poverty has too often been a war on the poor themselves," but that much can be done.[27]

text: In 1989, the former executive officer of the Task Force on Poverty Hyman Bookbinder addressed such criticisms of the "war on poverty" in an op-ed in The New York Times. He wrote that:

text: Today, the ranks of the poor are again swelling ... These and other statistics have led careless observers to conclude that the war on poverty failed. No, it has achieved many good results. Society has failed. It tired of the war too soon, gave it inadequate resources and did not open up new fronts as required. Large-scale homelessness, an explosion of teen-age pregnancies and single-parent households, rampant illiteracy, drugs and crime - these have been both the results of and causes of persistent poverty. While it is thus inappropriate to celebrate an anniversary of the war on poverty, it is important to point up some of the big gains ... Did every program of the 60's work? Was every dollar used to its maximum potential? Should every Great Society program be reinstated or increased? Of course not ... First, we cannot afford not to resume the war. One way or another, the problem will remain expensive. Somehow, we will provide for the survival needs of the poorest: welfare, food stamps, beds and roofs for the homeless, Medicaid. The fewer poor there are, the fewer the relief problems. Getting people out of poverty is the most cost-effective public investment."[28]

text: In March 3, 2014, as Chairman of the Budget Committee of the House of Representatives, Paul Ryan released his "The War on Poverty: 50 Years Later" report, asserting that some of 92 federal programs designed to help lower-income Americans have not provided the relief intended and that there is little evidence that these efforts have been successful.[29] At the core of the report are recommendations to enact cuts to welfare, child care, college Pell grants and several other federal assistance programs.[30] In the appendix titled "Measures of Poverty", when the poverty rate is measured by including non-cash assistance from food stamps, housing aid and other federal programs, the report states that these measurements have "implications for both conservatives and liberals. For conservatives, this suggests that federal programs have actually decreased poverty. For liberals, it lessens the supposed need to expand existing programs or to create new ones."[29][30] Several economists and social scientists whose work had been referenced in the report said that Ryan either misunderstood or misrepresented their research.[31]


document_title: Indian honours system

question_text: which award is bigger padma shri and padma bhushan

text: Indian honours system

text: Civilian Awards[edit]

text: Bharat Ratna[edit]

text:
The Bharat Ratna,[1] the highest civilian award of the country, was instituted in the year 1954. Any person without distinction of race, occupation, position, or gender is eligible for this award. It is awarded in recognition of exceptional service/performance of the highest order in any field of human endeavour. On conferment of the award, the recipient receives a Sanad (certificate) signed by the President and a medallion.
It is not mandatory that this award should be given every year.

text: Padma awards[edit]

text: Padma Awards[2] were instituted in the year 1954. Except for brief interruptions during the years 1977 to 1980 and 1993 to 1997, these awards have been announced every year on Republic Day. The award is given in three categories, viz. Padma Vibhushan, Padma Bhushan and Padma Shri, in the decreasing order of importance.

text:
Padma Vibhushan  for "exceptional and distinguished service". Padma Vibhushan is the second-highest civilian award in India.
Padma Bhushan for "distinguished service of a high order". Padma Bhushan is the third-highest civilian award in India .
Padma Shri is awarded for "distinguished service". Padma Shri is the fourth-highest civilian award in India.

text: While national honours, the Padma awards do not include cash allowances, benefits, or special concessions in rail/air travel.[3] Per a December 1995 judgment of the Supreme Court of India, no titles or honorifics are associated with the Bharat Ratna or any of the Padma awards; honorees cannot use them or their initials as suffixes, prefixes or pre- and post-nominals attached to the awardee’s name. This includes any such use on letterheads, invitation cards, posters, books etc. In the case of any misuse, the awardee will forfeit the award, and he or she is cautioned against any such misuse upon receiving the honour.[4]

text:
The decoration comprises a sanad (Certificate) issued under the hand and seal of the President and a Medallion.
The recipients are also given a replica of the medallion, which they can wear during any ceremonial/State functions etc., if they desire.
A commemorative brochure giving out brief details in respect of each award winner is also released on the day of the investiture ceremony.

text: Selection process[edit]

text: These awards seek to recognize work of any distinction and is given for distinguished and exceptional achievements/service in all fields of activities/disciplines, such as art, literature and education, sports, medicine, social work, science and engineering, public affairs, civil service, trade and industry, etc. All persons without distinction of race, occupation, position or sex are eligible for these awards.

text: In 2015, the BJP government decided to end the practice of ministers recommending names for Padma awards and replaced it with any Indian citizen recommending a person for Padma awards online. The government said that this was done with the belief that every citizen has something to contribute to the nation and that contribution should be integrated with the country's growth. Accordingly, several hitherto unknown citizens were awarded Padma awards in 2017. The role of the state governments was also minimised.[5][6][7]

text: Annulment of awards[edit]

text: While there are no specific criteria for withdrawing a Padma award, the President of India, per the awards' statutes, may cancel and annul any award in the case of any misconduct committed by the recipient. At least three awards of the Padma Shri have been so annulled, twice in 1958 for recipients residing in the state of Punjab and once in 1974 for a recipient residing in the state of Gujarat.[8]

text: Military Awards[edit]

text: Wartime gallantry awards[edit]

text:
Param Vir Chakra — Highest military award, equivalent to the Victoria Cross (which was replaced once India gained its independence).
Maha Vir Chakra – Maha Vir Chakra is the second highest military decoration in India and is awarded for acts of conspicuous gallantry in the presence of the enemy, whether on land, at sea or in the air.
Vir Chakra – Third in precedence in the awards for wartime gallantry

text: Peacetime gallantry awards[edit]

text:
Ashok Chakra Award – An Indian military decoration awarded for valour, courageous action or self-sacrifice away from the battlefield. It is the peacetime equivalent of the Param Vir Chakra.
Kirti Chakra – Second in order of precedence of peacetime gallantry awards.
Shaurya Chakra – Third in order of precedence of peacetime gallantry awards.

text: Wartime/Peacetime service  awards[edit]

text: Sena Medal / Nau Sena Medal / Vayusena Medal

text: Wartime Distinguished Service[edit]

text:
Sarvottam Yudh Seva Medal
Uttam Yudh Seva Medal
Yudh Seva Medal

text: Peacetime Distinguished Service[edit]

text:
Param Vishisht Seva Medal
Ati Vishisht Seva Medal
Vishisht Seva Medal

text: National awards[edit]

text: Women[edit]

text: Nari Shakti Puraskar

text: Children[edit]

text:
National Child Award for Exceptional Achievement
National Bal Shree Honour

text: Literature awards[edit]

text:
Jnanpith Award is the highest literary honour Award in Literature of India
Sahitya Akademi Award
Sahitya Akademi Fellowship
Saraswati samman
Bhasha Samman
Translation Awards
Anand Coomarswamy Fellowships
Premchand Fellowship

text: Particular  awards[edit]

text: National sports awards[edit]

text:
Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna
Dronacharya award
Arjuna award
Dhyan Chand Award
C.K. Nayudu Award
Ranjit Award

text: Police awards[edit]

text:
President's Police Medal for Gallantry
President's Fire Services Medal for Gallantry
President's Correctional Service Medal for Gallantry
President's Home Guards and Civil Defence Medal for Gallantry
Police Medal for Gallantry
Fire Services Medal for Gallantry
Correctional Service Medal for Gallantry
Home Guards and Civil Defence Medal for Gallantry
President's Police Medal for Distinguished Service
President's Fire Services Medal for Distinguished Service
President's Correctional Service Medal for Distinguished Service
President's Home Guards and Civil Defence for Distinguished Service
Police Medal for Meritorious Service
Fire Services Medal for Meritorious Service
Correction Service Medal for Meritorious Service
Home Guards and Civil Defence Medal for Meritorious Service
President Tat Rakshak Medal

text: Bravery awards[edit]

text:
National Bravery Award
Bharat Award
Sanjay Chopra Award
Geeta Chopra Award
Kritin Bhardwaj
Jeevan Raksha Padak Series of Awards
Sarvottam Jeevan Raksha Padak
Uttam Jeevan Raksha Padak
Jeevan Raksha Padak