document_title: Pirates of the Caribbean (film series)

question_text: pirates of the caribbean from first to last

text: Pirates of the Caribbean (film series)

text: Films

text: The Curse of the Black Pearl (2003)

text: Blacksmith Will Turner teams up with eccentric pirate Captain Jack Sparrow to save Turner's love, Elizabeth Swann, from cursed pirates led by Jack's mutinous former first mate, Captain Barbossa. Jack wants revenge against Barbossa, who left him stranded on an island before stealing his ship, the Black Pearl, along with 882 pieces of cursed Aztec Gold.

text: Dead Man's Chest (2006)

text: Lord Cutler Beckett of the East India Trading Company arrests Will and Elizabeth for aiding Captain Jack Sparrow in the previous film. Beckett offers clemency if Will agrees to search for Jack's compass in a bid to find the Dead Man's Chest – and inside, the heart of villainous Davy Jones – which would give Beckett control of the seas. However, Jack wants the Chest to escape from an unpaid debt with Jones, who made Jack captain of the Black Pearl for 13 years in exchange for 100 years of service aboard Jones' ship, the Flying Dutchman.

text: At World's End (2007)

text: Lord Beckett gains power over Davy Jones and, with the help of the Flying Dutchman, he is now executing his plans to extinguish piracy forever. To stand against the East India Trading Co., Will, Elizabeth, Barbossa, and the crew of the Black Pearl set out to rescue Captain Jack Sparrow from Davy Jones' Locker. As one of the Nine Pirate Lords, Jack is needed in order to release an ancient goddess with the power to defeat Beckett's forces.

text: On Stranger Tides (2011)

text: Captain Jack Sparrow is on a quest to find the fabled Fountain of Youth and crosses paths with a former lover, Angelica. She forces Jack aboard the Queen Anne's Revenge, a ship captained by the infamous pirate Blackbeard, Angelica's father. Both are also in search of the Fountain; Angelica to save her father's soul, Blackbeard to escape a prophecy of his demise at the hands of a one-legged man. Joining the hunt is former pirate captain Barbossa, now a privateer in King George II's Navy, who is in a race against the Spanish for the Fountain of Youth.

text: Dead Men Tell No Tales (2017)

text: Ghost Spanish Royal Navy soldiers led by Jack Sparrow's old nemesis, Captain Armando Salazar, escape from the Devil's Triangle, with the goal of killing every pirate at sea, including him. To survive, Jack seeks out the legendary Trident of Poseidon, a powerful artifact whose owner can control the seas and break curses.[2]

text: Pirates of the Caribbean 6 (TBA)

text: Shortly before the release of On Stranger Tides, it was reported that Disney was planning to shoot the fifth and the sixth films back-to-back,[3] although it was later revealed that only the fifth film was in development. On March 4, 2017, director Joachim Rønning stated that Dead Men was only the beginning of the final adventure, implying that it would not be the last film of the franchise and that a sixth film could be realized.[4] The post-credit scene of Dead Men shows Will Turner, Elizabeth Swann, and Davy Jones, implying that Will and Elizabeth will be main characters again and Davy Jones would be the main antagonist in the sixth film.[5] In September 2017, producer Jerry Bruckheimer indicated that another Pirates sequel is still possible if Dead Men Tell No Tales does well in its home release.[6] In October 2017, Kaya Scodelario said that she was contracted to return for a sixth film.[7] Shortly after, it was announced that Joachim Rønning is being eyed to direct the film.[8]

text: Short film

text: Tales of the Code: Wedlocked (2011)

text: Wenches Scarlett (Lauren Maher) and Giselle (Vanessa Branch) fix each other up for their wedding, in which they would each marry their groom. Upon realizing that both their grooms were the same man – Jack Sparrow – the two wenches find themselves in an auction led by the Auctioneer. The short film serves as a prequel to The Curse of the Black Pearl, explaining just why Jack Sparrow's boat, the Jolly Mon, was seen sinking at the beginning of the whole story, and explaining why wenches Scarlett and Giselle were so upset with him, and it also implies how Cotton lost his tongue. The plot took inspiration from the "Auction scene" from the original ride.

text: The short was directed by James Ward Byrkit,[9] and was only included as a special feature in the US 15 disc 3D Blu-ray/2D Blu-ray/DVD + Digital Copy box set that includes films 1–4; and in the similar UK 5-disc set.

text: Production

text: First film

text: In the early 1990s[10] screenwriters Ted Elliott and Terry Rossio conceived a supernatural spin on the pirate genre after completing work on Aladdin, but there was no interest from any studio. Undeterred, the writing team refused to give up the dream, waiting for a studio to pick up their take on a pirate tale.[11] Disney had Jay Wolpert write a script based on the Pirates of the Caribbean, which producer Jerry Bruckheimer rejected, feeling it was "a straight pirate movie".[12] Bruckheimer brought Stuart Beattie in to rewrite the script in March 2002, due to his knowledge of piracy,[13] and later that month Elliott and Rossio were brought in.[12] Elliott and Rossio, inspired by the opening narration of the Pirates of the Caribbean ride, decided to give the film a supernatural edge.[14] As the budget rose, Michael Eisner and Robert Iger threatened to cancel the film, though Bruckheimer changed their minds when he showed them concept art and animatics.[15]

text: In June 2002 Gore Verbinski signed on to direct The Curse of the Black Pearl, and Johnny Depp and Geoffrey Rush signed on the following month to star.[13] Verbinski was attracted to the idea of using modern technology to resurrect a genre, one that had disappeared after the Golden Age of Hollywood, and recalled his childhood memories of the ride, feeling the film was an opportunity to pay tribute to the "scary and funny" tone of it. Depp was attracted to the story as he found it quirky: rather than trying to find treasure, the crew of the Black Pearl were trying to return it in order to lift their curse; also, the traditional mutiny had already taken place. Verbinski approached Rush for the role of Barbossa, as he knew he would not play it with attempts at complexity, but with a simple villainy that would suit the story's tone.[16] Orlando Bloom read the script after Rush, with whom he was working on Ned Kelly, suggested it to him.[17] Keira Knightley came as a surprise to Verbinski: he had not seen her performance in Bend It Like Beckham and was impressed by her audition.[16] Tom Wilkinson was negotiated with to play Governor Swann,[13] but the role went to Jonathan Pryce, whom Depp idolized.[16]

text: Shooting for The Curse of the Black Pearl began on October 9, 2002 and wrapped by March 7, 2003.[13] Before its release, many executives and journalists had expected the film to flop, as the pirate genre had not been successful for years, the film was based on a theme-park ride, and Depp rarely made a big film.[18] However, The Curse of the Black Pearl became both a critical and commercial success.

text: Second and third films

text: After seeing how well the first film was made, the cast and crew signed for two sequels to be shot back-to-back,[19] a practical decision on Disney's part to allow more time with the same cast and crew.[20] Writers Ted Elliott and Terry Rossio knew that with an ensemble cast, they weren't free to invent totally different situations and characters, as with the Indiana Jones and James Bond series, and so had to retroactively turn The Curse of the Black Pearl into the first of a trilogy.[21] They wanted to explore the reality of what would happen after Will Turner and Elizabeth Swann's embrace at the end of the first film, and initially considered the Fountain of Youth as the plot device.[22] They settled on introducing Davy Jones, the Flying Dutchman and the Kraken, a mythology mentioned twice in the first film. They introduced the historical East India Trading Company (also mentioned in the first film), which for them represented a counterpoint to the themes of personal freedom represented by pirates.[23]

text: Filming for the sequels began on February 28, 2005,[24] with Dead Man's Chest finishing on March 1, 2006,[25] and At World's End on January 10, 2007.[26] The second film was also the first Disney theatrical feature film with the computer-generated Walt Disney Pictures logo.[27]

text: Fourth film

text: Rossio and Elliot discovered the novel On Stranger Tides during production of Dead Man's Chest and At World's End and decided to use it as the basis for a fourth film. As Gore Verbinski was unavailable, Bruckheimer invited Rob Marshall to direct the film.[28] Elliott and Rossio decided to do a stand-alone film,[29] with a story that would support new characters,[30] and incorporate elements from the novel, such as Blackbeard, the Fountain of Youth and mermaids—the latter two having been already alluded to in the previous films.[31] Depp, Rush, Greg Ellis and Kevin McNally returned to their roles,[32] and the cast saw the additions of Ian McShane as Blackbeard and Penélope Cruz as Angelica, Blackbeard's daughter and Jack Sparrow's love interest.[33] A further addition was Richard Griffiths as King George II of Great Britain. After the costly production of two simultaneous films, Disney tried to scale down the fourth installment, giving a lower budget,[34] which led to cheaper locations and fewer scenes with special effects.[35] It was also filmed in 3D, with cameras similar to the ones used in Avatar.[28]

text: Filming for On Stranger Tides began June 14, 2010 and ended on November 19, 2010.[35][36] It was released in the United States on May 20, 2011.[37] With a budget of $378.5 million, On Stranger Tides holds the record for most expensive film ever made.

text: Fifth film

text: On January 14, 2011, it was confirmed that Terry Rossio would write the screenplay for the fifth installment, without his co-writer Ted Elliott.[38] On January 11, 2013, Jeff Nathanson signed on to write the script for the film. On May 29, 2013, it was announced that Norwegian directors Joachim Rønning and Espen Sandberg were selected to direct.[39] On August 22, 2013, the two revealed that the title of the fifth film would be Dead Men Tell No Tales, alluding to the line well-known from the Pirates of the Caribbean theme park attractions.[40][41][42] Although, the film was given an alternative title, Salazar's Revenge, in selected European, South American and Asian countries for marketing purposes.[43][44] They also confirmed that they were working on the film, speaking highly of Jeff Nathanson's "funny and touching" script and that they are inspired by the first film, The Curse of the Black Pearl.[45][46] On September 10, 2013, Disney pushed back the film's initial 2015 release,[47] with sources indicating that a Summer 2016 release is likely.[48] Producer Jerry Bruckheimer revealed that script issues were behind the delay, and that Jeff Nathanson was at work on a second attempt based on a well-received outline.[49] While Disney originally announced a release on July 7, 2017,[50][51] Dead Men Tell No Tales was released on May 26, 2017.[52]

text: A spokesman for the Australian Arts Minister confirmed that the fifth installment was set to shoot in Australia after the government agreed to repurpose $20 million of tax incentives originally intended for the remake of 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea.[53] According to Australian film industry sources, pre-production started in late September 2014 with filming expected to commence in February 2015.[54] This was officially confirmed by Disney and Ian Walker the Queensland Arts Minister on October 2, 2014, stating that filming will take place exclusively in Australia, being the largest production to ever shoot in the country. Village Roadshow Studios and Port Douglas were officially confirmed as filming locations.[55] Production began in Australia on February 17, 2015 and wrapped on July 9, 2015.[56]

text: Principal cast

text:
This table shows the recurring characters and the actors who have portrayed them throughout the franchise.
A dark grey cell indicates the character was not in the film, or that the character's presence in the film has not yet been announced.
A C indicates a cameo appearance.
A L indicates an appearance wherein an actor's facial features were digitally imprinted upon another actor's face.
A Y indicates an appearance as a younger version of a pre-existing character.

text:
Character
Films

The Curse of the Black Pearl
(2003)
Dead Man's Chest
(2006)
At World's End
(2007)
On Stranger Tides
(2011)
Dead Men Tell No Tales
(2017)

Captain Jack Sparrow
Johnny Depp[16][19][57]
Johnny Depp[58][59]

Anthony De La TorreY[60]

Captain Hector Barbossa
Geoffrey Rush[16][19][61][59]

Joshamee Gibbs
Kevin McNally[19][62][59]

William "Will" Turner, Jr.
Orlando Bloom[63]

Dylan SmithY
Orlando Bloom[19]

Orlando BloomC[64]

Elizabeth Swann
Pirate King
Keira Knightley[16]

Lucinda DryzekY[65][66]
Keira Knightley[19]

Keira KnightleyC[67]

Marty
Martin Klebba[68][19]

Martin Klebba

James Norrington
Jack Davenport[68][19]

Weatherby Swann
Jonathan Pryce[68][16][19]

Pintel
Lee Arenberg[68][19]

Ragetti
Mackenzie Crook[68][19]

Cotton
David Bailie[68][19]

Mullroy
Angus Barnett[68]

Angus Barnett[69]

Angus Barnett[70]

Murtogg
Giles New[68]

Giles New[69]

Giles New[70]

Theodore Groves
Greg Ellis[68]

Greg Ellis[69][62]

Gillette
Damian O'Hare[68]

Damian O'Hare[71]

Anamaria
Zoe Saldana[68][72]

Davy Jones

Bill Nighy[73]

  Silhouette onlyC[74][75]

William Turner, Sr.
Bootstrap Bill

Stellan Skarsgård[76]

Cutler Beckett

Tom Hollander[77]

Tia Dalma
Calypso

Naomie Harris[78]

Sao Feng

Chow Yun-fat[79]

Captain Edward Teague

Keith Richards[80][81]
Alexander ScheerY

Keith RichardsL[82]

Henry Turner

Dominic Scott Kay

Brenton Thwaites[83][59]

Lewis McGowanY[84]

Scrum

Stephen Graham[85][59]

Captain Edward Teach
Blackbeard

Ian McShane[86]

Angelica Teach

Penélope Cruz[86]

Philip Swift

Sam Claflin[87]

Syrena

Àstrid Bergès-Frisbey[88][89]

Captain Armando Salazar

Javier Bardem[59]

Carina Barbossa
Carina Smyth

Kaya Scodelario[59]

"Uncle" Jack Teague

Paul McCartney[90]

text: Crew

text:
Film
U.S. release date
Director(s)
Screenwriter(s)
Story by
Cinematographer
Producer

The Curse of the Black Pearl
July 9, 2003 (2003-07-09)
Gore Verbinski[91][19]
Ted Elliott & Terry Rossio[14][92][19]
Ted Elliott & Terry Rossio and Stuart Beattie and Jay Wolpert[14]
Dariusz Wolski
[68][93][69][94]
Jerry Bruckheimer
[92][95][19][28][59]

Dead Man's Chest
July 7, 2006 (2006-07-07)
Ted Elliott & Terry Rossio[19]

At World's End
May 25, 2007 (2007-05-25)

On Stranger Tides
May 20, 2011 (2011-05-20)
Rob Marshall[28][96]
Ted Elliott & Terry Rossio
(Based on: On Stranger Tides by Tim Powers)[96]

Dead Men Tell No Tales
May 26, 2017 (2017-05-26)
Joachim Rønning & Espen Sandberg[39]
Jeff Nathanson[97]
Jeff Nathanson and Terry Rossio[98][97]
Paul Cameron[59]

text: Music

text: Film soundtracks

text:
Title
U.S. release date
Length
Composer(s)
Label

Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl (Original Soundtrack)
July 22, 2003 (2003-07-22)
43:50
Klaus Badelt and Hans Zimmer[68]
Walt Disney Records

Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Man's Chest (Soundtrack from the Motion Picture)
July 4, 2006 (2006-07-04)
58:32
Hans Zimmer[93][69]

Pirates of the Caribbean: At World's End (Soundtrack from the Motion Picture)
May 22, 2007 (2007-05-22)
55:50

Pirates of the Caribbean: On Stranger Tides (Soundtrack from the Motion Picture)
May 17, 2011 (2011-05-17)
77:11
Hans Zimmer and Rodrigo y Gabriela[99][100]

Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Men Tell No Tales (Soundtrack from the Motion Picture)
May 25, 2017 (2017-05-25)
75:20
Geoff Zanelli[101]

text: Reception

text: Box office performance

text:
Film
U.S. release date
Box office gross
All-time Ranking
Budget
Ref(s)

North America
Other territories
Worldwide
North America
Worldwide

The Curse of the Black Pearl
000000002003-07-09-0000July 9, 2003
$305,413,918
$348,850,097
$654,264,015
64
108
$140 million
[102]

Dead Man's Chest
000000002006-07-07-0000July 7, 2006
$423,315,812
$642,863,913
$1,066,179,725
17
21
$225 million
[103]

At World's End
000000002007-05-25-0000May 25, 2007
$309,420,425
$654,000,000
$963,420,425
61
35
$300 million
[104]

On Stranger Tides
000000002011-05-20-0000May 20, 2011
$241,071,802
$804,642,000
$1,045,713,802
119
23
$378.5 million
[105][106]

Dead Men Tell No Tales
000000002017-05-26-0000May 26, 2017
$172,558,876
$622,221,339
$794,780,215
254
69
$230 million
[107]

Total
$7009145178083300000♠1,451,780,833
$7009307257734900000♠3,072,577,349
$7009452435818200000♠4,524,358,182
12
9
$1.274 billion
[108]

text: The Pirates of the Caribbean film series was successful at the box office, with each film grossing over $650 million, and all but Dead Men Tell No Tales at some point ranking among the fifty highest-grossing films of all time. It also became the first ever series to have multiple films passing the billion dollar mark in box office revenues with Dead Man's Chest and On Stranger Tides,[109] since followed by other film franchises.

text: The Curse of the Black Pearl was the third highest-grossing 2003 film in North America (behind The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King and Finding Nemo) and fourth worldwide (behind The Return of the King, Finding Nemo and The Matrix Reloaded).[110] Dead Man's Chest was the most successful film of 2006 worldwide,[111] and At World's End led the worldwide grosses in 2007, though being only fourth in North America (behind Spider-Man 3, Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix and Shrek the Third).[112] On Stranger Tides was the third highest-grossing film of 2011 worldwide (behind Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2 and Transformers: Dark of the Moon) and the fifth in North America.[113] The first three sequels broke box office records upon release, of which the most notable are the opening-weekend record in North America (Dead Man's Chest),[114] the Memorial-Day weekend record in North America (At World's End)[115] and the opening-weekend record outside North America (On Stranger Tides).[116]

text: Critical and public response

text:
Film
Rotten Tomatoes
Metacritic
CinemaScore

The Curse of the Black Pearl
79% (210 reviews)[117]
63 (40 reviews)[118]
A[119]

Dead Man's Chest
54% (220 reviews)[120]
53 (37 reviews)[121]
A−[119]

At World's End
45% (220 reviews)[122]
50 (36 reviews)[123]
A−[119]

On Stranger Tides
32% (262 reviews)[124]
45 (39 reviews)[125]
B+[119]

Dead Men Tell No Tales
29% (230 reviews)[126]
39 (45 reviews)[127]
A−[119]

text: The series is noted for its high quality of acting talent, and is one of the aspects of the films that is always praised.[128][129][130][131][132][133] The visual and practical effects are considered some of the best ever done on film,[132][133][134][135] so much so that audiences believed certain CGI elements of the films were real and done practically.[136][137][138][139] However, the plots of the four sequels have received mixed reviews, with the general consensus that they are too bloated and convoluted to follow.[140][141][142][143][144] Pirates of the Caribbean is noted for reinvigorating the pirate genre of film after decades of either no pirate films or failed pirate films.[145] The success of the series saw Disney and Jerry Bruckheimer try to replicate the franchise's success by launching films such as Prince of Persia: The Sands of Time and The Lone Ranger, the latter of which directed by Gore Verbinski. Both movies failed critically and commercially.[146][147][148][149]

text: Accolades

text: Academy Awards

text: Together, all the first three films were nominated for a total of 11 Academy Awards, of which a single award was won.

text:
Award
Film

The Curse of the Black Pearl
Dead Man's Chest
At World's End
On Stranger Tides
Dead Men Tell No Tales

Actor in a Leading Role
Nominated[138][150]
(Johnny Depp)

Art Direction

Nominated[151]

Makeup
Nominated[138][150]

Nominated[152]

Sound Editing
Nominated[138][150]
Nominated[151]

Sound Mixing
Nominated[138][150]
Nominated[151]

Visual Effects
Nominated[138][150]
Won[151]
Nominated[152]

text: Golden Globe Awards

text: Together, all the four films were nominated for a total of 2 Golden Globe Awards, of which neither were won.

text:
Award
Film

The Curse of the Black Pearl
Dead Man's Chest
At World's End
On Stranger Tides
Dead Men Tell No Tales

Best Actor in a Motion Picture – Comedy or Musical
Nominated
(Johnny Depp)
Nominated
(Johnny Depp)

text: MTV Movie Awards

text: Together, all the first three films were nominated for a total of 13 MTV Movie Awards, of which 4 were won.

text:
Award
Film

The Curse of the Black Pearl
Dead Man's Chest
At World's End
On Stranger Tides
Dead Men Tell No Tales

Best Movie
Nominated
Won
Nominated

Best Male Performance
Won
(Johnny Depp)
Won
(Johnny Depp)

Best Female Performance

Nominated
(Keira Knightley)
Nominated
(Keira Knightley)

Best Breakthrough Female Performance
Nominated
(Keira Knightley)

Best On-Screen Team
Nominated
(Johnny Depp & Orlando Bloom)

Best Villain
Nominated
(Geoffrey Rush)
Nominated
(Bill Nighy)

Best Comedic Performance
Nominated
(Johnny Depp)

Won
(Johnny Depp)

text: Teen Choice Awards

text: Together, the first four films were nominated for a total of 25 Teen Choice Awards, of which 16 were won.

text:
Award
Film

The Curse of the Black Pearl
Dead Man's Chest
At World's End
On Stranger Tides
Dead Men Tell No Tales

Choice Movie: Chemistry
Won
(Orlando Bloom & Keira Knightley)

Choice Movie: Fight/Action Sequence
Won
(Johnny Depp vs Geoffrey Rush)

Choice Movie: Liar
Won
(Johnny Depp)

Choice Movie: Liplock
Won
(Orlando Bloom & Keira Knightley)
Won
(Orlando Bloom & Keira Knightley)

Nominated
(Orlando Bloom & Keira Knightley)

Choice Movie: Female Breakout Star
Nominated
(Keira Knightley)

Choice Movie Actor

Won
(Johnny Depp)
Won
(Johnny Depp)
Nominated
(Johnny Depp)
Nominated
(Johnny Depp)

Nominated
(Orlando Bloom)
Nominated
(Orlando Bloom)
Nominated
(Brenton Thwaites)

Choice Summer Movie

Won

Nominated

Choice Movie: Scream

Won
(Keira Knightley)

Choice Movie

Won
Won
Nominated

Choice Movie: Rumble

Won
(Orlando Bloom & Jack Davenport)
Won
(Orlando Bloom)

Choice Movie: Hissy Fit

Won
(Keira Knightley)

Choice Male Hottie

Nominated
(Orlando Bloom)

Choice Movie Actress

Nominated
(Keira Knightley)
Won
(Keira Knightley)
Nominated
(Penélope Cruz)
Nominated
(Kaya Scodelario)

Choice Movie: Villain

Won
(Bill Nighy)
Won
(Bill Nighy)
Nominated
(Ian McShane)
Nominated
(Javier Bardem)


document_title: Aurora Teagarden

question_text: when is the next aurora teagarden movie coming out 2017

root

text: Aurora Teagarden

text: Aurora Teagarden Series[edit]

text:
Real Murders (1990)[1]
A Bone to Pick (1992)[2]
Three Bedrooms, One Corpse (1994)[3]
The Julius House (1995)[4]
Dead Over Heels (1996)[5]

"Deeply Dead" in Murder, They Wrote (1997)[6]

A Fool And His Honey (1999)[7]
Last Scene Alive (2002)[8]
Poppy Done to Death (2003)[9]
All the Little Liars (2016) [10]
Sleep Like a Baby (2017) [11]

tag: ol

text: Real Murders[edit]

text: Local crime buffs meet monthly in the small town of Lawrenceton, Washington to analyze famous murder cases, and in Real Murders they get all too close a look as one of their members is bludgeoned in exactly the same manner as the crime to be discussed that night. Aurora "Roe" Teagarden, the 4'11" librarian, is not only a member of the club, a suspect in the murder but also a potential victim as other murders follow - each mimicking a famous crime. Roe must work quickly to discover which of her fellow sleuths is the killer. Could it be the police detective whose sudden romantic interest in Roe leaves her skin tingling, the new mystery writer in town who says he's bored with just writing or one of the other 12 members of the Real Murders Club?

tag: p

text: A Bone to Pick[edit]

text: Having inherited a large estate from a member of the now defunct Real Murders Club, Aurora "Roe" Teagarden, the 4'11" librarian, is mystified by a mere acquaintance's gift of money, jewelry, and a two bedroom house with a skull in the window seat. Did the old lady kill someone and leave Roe to solve the mystery or was she being framed? Roe must figure it all out before her ex-boyfriend Arthur, the police detective, and her new love interest Aubrey, the episcopal priest, figure out what she's up to.

text: Three Bedrooms, One Corpse[edit]

text: This article's tone or style may not reflect the encyclopedic tone used on Wikipedia. See Wikipedia's guide to writing better articles for suggestions. (April 2010) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

tag: table

text: While Aurora "Roe" Teagarden searches for her piece of the American dream, she decides to test the waters of the family business - real estate sales. Only thing is there's a naked dead body in the first house she shows. When a second body shows up in another home, Roe realizes there's more to real estate than she thought. She finds herself attracted to the prime suspect, a business man who recently moved into town.

text: The Julius House[edit]

text: Ever since she got a sizable inheritance from an acquaintance, "Roe" has wanted to buy a house, her mother, Aida Teagarden, her real estate agent. Against Aida's advice, Ro finds what she believes is the perfect house in the country, five miles outside of Lawrenceton. It is the infamous Julius house where the whole family disappearing without a trace four years ago.

text: TV Film Adaptation[edit]

text: On June 4, 2014, author Charlaine Harris announced on her Facebook page that the Aurora Teagarden books would be adapted into a series of two-hour films, starring Candace Cameron Bure.[12]

text: The first film, based on the second book A Bone To Pick, premiered on April 4, 2015, on the Hallmark Movies and Mysteries Channel.[13] The second film, based on the first book Real Murders, premiered on July 26, 2015, on the same channel.[14] A third film is based on the third book Three Bedrooms, One Corpse and premiered on June 12, 2016, on the Hallmark Movies and Mysteries Channel.[15] The fourth film: The Julius House premiered on October 16, 2016, on the Hallmark Movies and Mysteries Channel. The fifth movie in the Hallmark Movies & Mysteries, “Dead Over Heels: An Aurora Teagarden Mystery,” premiered Sunday, March 19, 2017.

text: Films in Order

text: 1. A Bone to Pick: An Aurora Teagarden Mystery, April 4, 2015

text: 2. Real Murders: An Aurora Teagarden Mystery, July 26, 2015

text: 3. Three Bedrooms, One Corpse: An Aurora Teagarden Mystery, June 12, 2016

text: 4. The Julius House: An Aurora Teagarden Mystery, October 16, 2016

text: 5. Dead Over Heels: An Aurora Teagarden Mystery, March 19, 2017

text: 6. A Bundle of Trouble: An Aurora Teagarden Mystery, May 21, 2017 - Based on the novel: A Fool & His Honey: An Aurora Teagarden Mystery

text: Notes[edit]

text:
Jump up ^ hardback ISBN 0-8027-5769-3, reprint 2007, paperback ISBN 978-042521871-6, 1992, UK paperback, ISBN 0-373-26104-7, 1991, paperback ISBN 0-7927-0752-4.
Jump up ^ hardback ISBN 0-8027-1245-2, reprint 2008, paperback, ISBN 978-0-425-21979-9, 1992, UK paperback ISBN 0-373-26136-5.
Jump up ^ hardback ISBN 0-684-19643-3, reprint 2008, ISBN 978-0-425-22052-8, 1995, UK paperback ISBN 0-373-26177-2.
Jump up ^ hardback ISBN 0-684-19640-9, 1996, UK paperback ISBN 0-373-26217-5.
Jump up ^ hardback ISBN 0-684-80429-8, reprint 2008, paperback, ISBN 978-0-425-22303-1, 1998, UK paperback ISBN 0-373-26260-4.
Jump up ^ ISBN 1-57297-194-0.
Jump up ^ hardback ISBN 0-312-20306-3, 2001, UK paperback ISBN 0-373-26384-8.
Jump up ^ hardback ISBN 0-312-26246-9, reprint 2006, paperback, 978-0778323648, 2003, UK paperback ISBN 0-373-26476-3.
Jump up ^ hardback ISBN 0-312-27764-4, 2004, UK paperback ISBN 0-373-26504-2.
Jump up ^ hardback ISBN 9781250090034, 2016
Jump up ^ hardback ISBN 9781250090065, 2017
Jump up ^ "Charlaine Harris on Facebook". Retrieved July 12, 2015.
Jump up ^ "An Aurora Teagarden Mystery: A Bone to Pick on IMDB". Retrieved July 12, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Hallmark Movies and Mysteries on Facebook". Retrieved July 12, 2015.
Jump up ^ "An Aurora Teagarden Mystery: Three Bedrooms, One Corpse on IMDB". Retrieved June 12, 2016.


document_title: Peter and the Wolf

question_text: who is the clarinet in peter and the wolf

text: Peter and the Wolf

text: Background[edit]

text: In 1936, Sergei Prokofiev was commissioned by Natalya Sats, the director of the Central Children's Theatre in Moscow, to write a musical symphony for children. Sats and Prokofiev had become acquainted after he visited her theatre with his sons several times.[1] The intent was to introduce children to the individual instruments of the orchestra. The first draft of the libretto was about a Young Pioneer (the Soviet version of a Boy Scout) called Peter who rights a wrong by challenging an adult. (This was a common theme in propaganda aimed at children in the USSR at the time.) However, Prokofiev was dissatisfied with the rhyming text produced by Antonina Sakonskaya, a then popular children's author. Prokofiev wrote a new version where Peter captures a wolf. As well as promoting desired Pioneer virtues such as vigilance, bravery and resourcefulness, the plot illustrates Soviet themes such as the stubbornness of the un-Bolshevik older generation (the grandfather) and the triumph of Man (Peter) taming Nature (the wolf).[2] Prokofiev produced a version for the piano in under a week, finishing it on April 15. The orchestration was finished on April 24. The work debuted at a children's concert in the main hall of the Moscow Conservatory with the Moscow Philharmonic on 2 May 1936. However, Sats was ill and the substitute narrator inexperienced, and the performance failed to attract much attention.[1][3][4][5] Later that month a much more successful performance with Sats narrating was given at the Moscow Pioneers Palace. The American premiere took place in March 1938, with Prokofiev himself conducting the Boston Symphony Orchestra at Symphony Hall, Boston with Richard Hale narrating. By that time Sats was serving a sentence in the gulag, where she was sent after her lover Marshal Mikhail Tukhachevsky was shot in June 1937.[6]

text: Plot[edit]

text: Peter, a Young Pioneer,[7][8] lives at his grandfather's home in a forest clearing. One day, Peter goes out into the clearing, leaving the garden gate open, and the duck that lives in the yard takes the opportunity to go swimming in a pond nearby. The duck starts arguing with a little bird ("What kind of bird are you if you can't fly?" – "What kind of bird are you if you can't swim?"). Peter's pet cat stalks them quietly, and the bird—warned by Peter—flies to safety in a tall tree while the duck swims to safety in the middle of the pond.

text: Peter's grandfather scolds him for being outside in the meadow alone ("Suppose a wolf came out of the forest?"), and, when he defies him, saying: "Boys like me are not afraid of wolves", his grandfather takes him back into the house and locks the gate. Soon afterwards "a big, grey wolf" does indeed come out of the forest. The cat quickly climbs into a tree, but the duck, who has jumped out of the pond, is chased, overtaken, and swallowed by the wolf.

text: Peter fetches a rope and climbs over the garden wall into the tree. He asks the bird to fly around the wolf's head to distract it, while he lowers a noose and catches the wolf by its tail. The wolf struggles to get free, but Peter ties the rope to the tree and the noose only gets tighter.

text: Some hunters, who have been tracking the wolf, come out of the forest ready to shoot, but Peter gets them to help him take the wolf to a zoo in a victory parade (the piece was first performed for an audience of Young Pioneers during May Day celebrations) that includes himself, the bird, the hunters leading the wolf, the cat, and grumpy grumbling Grandfather ("What if Peter hadn't caught the wolf? What then?")

text: In the story's ending, the listener is told: "If you listen very carefully, you'll hear the duck quacking inside the wolf's belly, because the wolf in his hurry had swallowed her alive."

text: Performance directions[edit]

text: Prokofiev produced detailed performance notes in both English and Russian for Peter and the Wolf. According to the English version:

text: Each character of this tale is represented by a corresponding instrument in the orchestra: the bird by a flute, the duck by an oboe, the cat by a clarinet playing staccato in a low register, the grandfather by a bassoon, the wolf by three horns, Peter by the string quartet, the shooting of the hunters by the kettle drums and bass drum. Before an orchestral performance it is desirable to show these instruments to the children and to play on them the corresponding leitmotivs. Thereby, the children learn to distinguish the sonorities of the instruments during the performance of this tale.[9]

text: Instrumentation[edit]

text: Peter and the Wolf is scored for the following orchestra:[10]

text:
Brass: 3 horns in F, a trumpet in B♭ and a trombone
Percussion: timpani, a triangle, a tambourine, cymbals, castanets, a snare drum, and a bass drum
Strings: first and second violins, violas, violoncellos, and double basses
Woodwinds: a flute, an oboe, a clarinet in A, and a bassoon

tag: ul

text: Each character in the story has a particular instrument and a musical theme:[11]

text: Bird: flute

text: Duck: oboe

text: Cat: clarinet

text: Grandfather: bassoon

text: Wolf: French horns

text: Hunters: woodwind and trumpet theme, with gunshots on timpani and bass drum

text: Peter: string instruments (including violin, viola, cello, and bass)

text: A performance lasts about 25 minutes.[12]

text: Recordings[edit]

text: According to an article by Jeremy Nicholas of the classical music magazine Gramophone in 2015, the best overall recording of Peter and the Wolf is by the New Philharmonia Orchestra, narrated by Richard Baker and conducted by Raymond Leppard in 1954. Gramophone's best DVD version is the 2006 film by Suzie Templeton; its music is performed, without narrator, by the Philharmonia Orchestra conducted by Mark Stephenson.[13]

text:
Date
Narrator
Orchestra
Conductor
Label
Notes

2015
David Tennant
The Amazing Keystone Band

Le Chant du Monde

2015
Alice Cooper
Bundesjugendorchester
Alexander Shelley
Deutsche Grammophon

2012
Bramwell Tovey
Vancouver Symphony Orchestra
Bramwell Tovey

Video on YouTube

2011
Phillip Schofield
Orchestre national du Capitole de Toulouse
Michel Plasson
EMI

2008
Jacqueline du Pré[14]
English Chamber Orchestra
Daniel Barenboim
Deutsche Grammophon

2006
Colm Feore
Windsor Symphony Orchestra
John Morris Russell
Windsor Symphony Society
This recording has never been released commercially, but is only available via the WSO's website[15] or at the WSO's gift shop.

2005
Willie Rushton
London Philharmonic Orchestra
Siân Edwards
Classics for Pleasure

2003
Mikhail Gorbachev, Bill Clinton, Sophia Loren
Russian National Orchestra
Kent Nagano
PENTATONE PTC 5186011

2003
Antonio Banderas, Sophia Loren
Russian National Orchestra
Kent Nagano
PENTATONE PTC 5186014
In Spanish

2001
Sharon Stone
Orchestra of St. Luke's
James Levine
Deutsche Grammophon
as part of A Classic Tale: Music for Our Children (289 471 171–72, 2001)

2000
Lenny Henry
Nouvel Ensemble Instrumental Du Conservatoire National Supérieur De Paris
Jacques Pési
EMI

2000
David Attenborough
BBC Philharmonic
Yan Pascal Tortelier
BBC Music
for BBC Music Magazine; a free CD came with the June 2000 issue

1997
Anthony Dowell

Ross MacGibbon, director (video)

Film of a ballet performance, starring David Johnson, Layla Harrison, Karan Lingham[16]

1997
Dame Edna Everage
Melbourne Symphony Orchestra
John Lanchbery
Naxos Records

1996
Sir John Gielgud
Royal Philharmonic Orchestra
Andrea Licata
Intersound Recordings

1996
Ben Kingsley
London Symphony Orchestra
Sir Charles Mackerras
Cala Records

1994
Melissa Joan Hart
Boston Symphony Orchestra
Seiji Ozawa
Sony Classical
Hart was in her "Clarissa" persona from the Nickelodeon television series Clarissa Explains It All.

1994
Patrick Stewart
Orchestra of the Opéra National de Lyon
Kent Nagano
Erato

1994
Sting
Chamber Orchestra of Europe
Claudio Abbado
Deutsche Grammophon
This was used as the soundtrack to the television special Peter and the Wolf: A Prokofiev Fantasy.

1993
Peter Schickele
Atlanta Symphony Orchestra
Yoel Levi
Telarc
With a new text by Peter Schickele

1991
Oleg and Gabriel Prokofiev
New London Orchestra
Ronald Corp
Hyperion Records
The narrators were the son and grandson of the composer.

1989
Sir John Gielgud
Orchestra of the Academy of London
Richard Stamp
Virgin Classics
Sir John's royalties for this recording were donated to The League of Friends of Charity Heritage, a facility for physically handicapped children.

1989
Christopher Lee
English String Orchestra
Sir Yehudi Menuhin
Nimbus Records

1989
Sir Peter Ustinov
Philharmonia Orchestra
Philip Ellis
Cirrus Classics CBS CD 105

1989
Jonathan Winters
Philharmonia Orchestra
Efrem Kurtz
Angel Records
Winters also narrated the Saint-Saëns/Ogden Nash The Carnival of the Animals

1987
Paul Hogan
Orchestre de Paris
Igor Markevitch
EMI
It retained the traditional plot but transferred the locale to the Australian Outback. This recording was withdrawn soon after its release because of unflattering portrayals of Australia's aboriginal people and is now considered "out of print".

1987
Lina Prokofiev (Sergei Prokofiev's widow)
Royal Scottish National Orchestra
Neeme Järvi
Chandos Records

1986
Itzhak Perlman
Israel Philharmonic Orchestra
Zubin Mehta
EMI

1984
William F. Buckley, Jr.
Orchestra of Radio/TV Luxembourg
Leopold Hager
Proarte Digital Records

1984
Dudley Moore / Terry Wogan
Boston Pops Orchestra
John Williams
Philips
The American release (412 559–2) was narrated by Dudley Moore, while the UK release (412 556–2) featured Terry Wogan as narrator

1980
Tom Seaver
Cincinnati Pops Orchestra
Erich Kunzel
MMG

1979
Carol Channing
Cincinnati Pops Orchestra
Erich Kunzel
Caedmon Records TC-1623

1977
Cyril Ritchard
Philadelphia Orchestra
Eugene Ormandy
Columbia Records ML 5183

1978
David Bowie
Philadelphia Orchestra
Eugene Ormandy
RCA Red Seal
Bowie's recording reached number 136 on the US Pop Albums chart.

1975
Karlheinz Böhm
Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra
Karl Böhm
Deutsche Grammophon

1974
Will Geer
English Chamber Orchestra
Johannes Somary
Vanguard Records VSO-30033

1973
Mia Farrow
London Symphony Orchestra
André Previn
EMI ASD 2935

1972
Rob Reiner
studio orchestra
Jerry Yester
United Artists Records UAS-5646
Contemporary version by Carl Gottlieb and Rob Reiner; never released on CD

1972
George Raft
London Festival Orchestra
Stanley Black
Phase 4 Stereo SPC-21084
In this version, the story is reformulated as a gangster tale in the style of the Hollywood films that Raft had once acted in.

1971
Richard Baker
New Philharmonia Orchestra
Raymond Leppard
EMI

1970
Sir Ralph Richardson
London Symphony Orchestra
Sir Malcolm Sargent
Decca Records
Volume 5 of The World of the Great Classics series. This version is praised in various editions of The Stereo Record Guide as the finest recording and narration of the work ever made.

1968
Kyu Sakamoto
The Philharmonia orchestra
Herbert von Karajan
Angel Records
Narration in Japanese.

1966
Richard Attenborough
Philharmonia of Hamburg
Hans-Jurgen Walter
Columbia Records

1965
Sean Connery
Royal Philharmonic Orchestra
Antal Doráti
Phase 4 Stereo

1965
Lorne Greene
London Symphony Orchestra
Sir Malcolm Sargent
RCA Victor

1960s
Garry Moore
Philharmonic Symphony Orchestra of London
Artur Rodziński
Whitehall WHS20040.[17]
The reverse side of this 12-inch LP record also features The Carnival of the Animals by Saint-Saëns with Garry Moore (narrator), Josef and Grete Dichler (duopianists), and the Vienna State Opera Orchestra conducted by Hermann Scherchen.

1960
Leonard Bernstein
New York Philharmonic
Leonard Bernstein
Columbia Records
The popularity of the group's televised Young People's Concerts made this an auspicious release

1960
Captain Kangaroo
Stadium Symphony Orchestra of New York
Leopold Stokowski
Everest Records SDBR-3043

1960
Beatrice Lillie
London Symphony Orchestra
Skitch Henderson
Decca Records

1959
José Ferrer
Vienna State Opera Orchestra
Sir Eugene Goossens
Kapp Records
Narrated in Spanish and English

1959
Michael Flanders
Philharmonia Orchestra
Efrem Kurtz
EMI Records

1957
Boris Karloff
Vienna State Opera Orchestra
Mario Rossi
Vanguard Records

1956
Peter Ustinov
Philharmonia Orchestra
Herbert von Karajan
Angel Records

1955
Arthur Godfrey
Andre Kostelanetz's Orchestra
Andre Kostelanetz
Columbia Records
mono recording; has never been issued on CD

1953
Victor Jory
unknown
Vicky Kosen
Peter Pan Records
mono recording; has never been issued on CD

1953
Alec Guinness
Boston Pops Orchestra
Arthur Fiedler
RCA Victor

1950
Milton Cross
Mario Janero, piano

Musicraft Records
4 78-rpm discs

1950
Eleanor Roosevelt
Boston Symphony Orchestra
Serge Koussevitzky
RCA Victor
mono recording

1949
Frank Phillips
London Philharmonic Orchestra
Nikolai Malko
Decca LX 3003[18]
Frank Phillips was a well-known BBC Radio newsreader

1946
Sterling Holloway

Disney
originally made for an episode in the 1946 film Make Mine Music

1941
Basil Rathbone
All-American Orchestra
Leopold Stokowski
Columbia Masterworks
Restored from original Masterworks set M-477 by Bob Varney[19]

1939
Richard Hale
Boston Symphony Orchestra
Serge Koussevitzky
RCA Victor

text: Adaptations of the work[edit]

text: Walt Disney, 1946[edit]

text: Peter and the Wolf (1946 film)

text: Prokofiev, while touring the West in 1938, visited Los Angeles and met Walt Disney. Prokofiev performed the piano version of Peter and the Wolf for "le papa de Mickey Mouse", as Prokofiev described him in a letter to his sons. Disney was impressed, and considered adding an animated version of Peter and the Wolf to Fantasia, which was to be released in 1940. Due to World War II, these plans fell through, and it was not until 1946 that Disney released his adaptation of Peter and the Wolf narrated by Sterling Holloway. It is not known if Prokofiev, by that point behind the Iron Curtain, was aware of this.[20] It was released theatrically as a segment of Make Mine Music, then reissued the next year, accompanying a reissue of Fantasia (as a short subject before the film), then separately on home video in the 1990s.[21] This version makes several changes to the original story. For example:

text:
During the character introduction, the pets are given names: "Sasha" the bird, "Sonia" the duck, and "Ivan" the cat.
As the cartoon begins, Peter and his friends already know there is a wolf nearby and are preparing to catch him.
The hunters get names in a later part of the story: "Misha", "Yasha", and "Vladimir".
Peter daydreams of hunting and catching the wolf, and for that purpose exits the garden carrying a wooden pop gun.
At the end, in a reversal of the original (and to make the story more child-friendly), the narrator reveals that the duck Sonia has not been eaten by the wolf. Earlier in the film, the wolf is shown chasing Sonia, who hides in an old tree's hollow trunk. The wolf attacks out of view and returns in view with some of her feathers in his mouth, licking his jaws. Peter, Ivan, and Sasha assume Sonia has been eaten. After the wolf has been caught, Sasha is shown mourning Sonia. She comes out of the tree trunk at that point, and they are happily reunited.

text: In 1957, for one of his television programs, Disney recalled how Prokofiev himself visited the Disney studio, eventually inspiring the making of this animated version. Disney used pianist Ingolf Dahl, who resembled Prokofiev, to re-create how the composer sat at a piano and played the themes from the score.[22][23]

text: British–Polish co-production, 2006[edit]

text: In 2006, Suzie Templeton and Hugh Welchman directed and produced respectively, a stop-motion animated adaptation, Peter & the Wolf. It is unusual in its lack of any dialogue or narration, the story being told only in images and sound and interrupted by sustained periods of silence. The soundtrack is performed by the Philharmonia Orchestra, and the film received its premiere with a live accompaniment in the Royal Albert Hall.[24] The film won the Annecy Cristal and the Audience Award at the 2007 Annecy International Animated Film Festival,[25] and won the 2008 Academy Award for Best Animated Short Film.[26] This version makes some changes to the original Prokofiev story; for example:

text:
Peter bumps into one of the "hunters" (teenage bullies in this telling) who throws him in a rubbish bin and aims at him with his rifle to scare him; the second hunter watches without interfering (thus, a dislike towards the hunter/bullies is immediately created).
Because of a broken wing, the bird has trouble flying and takes Peter's balloon to help it get aloft.
After Peter has captured the wolf in a net, the hunter gets him in his rifle's telescopic sight coincidentally, but just before shooting, the second hunter stumbles, falls on him and makes him miss the shot.
The caged wolf is brought into the village on a cart where Peter's grandfather tries to sell it. The hunter comes to the container and sticks his rifle in to intimidate the animal (as he did with Peter earlier on). At that time Peter throws the net on the hunter, who becomes tangled in it.
Before the grandfather has made a deal, Peter unlocks the cart after looking into the eyes of the wolf. They walk side by side through the awestruck crowd and then the freed wolf runs off in the direction of the silver moon shining over the forest.

text: Others[edit]

text: This article appears to contain trivial, minor, or unrelated references to popular culture. Please reorganize this content to explain the subject's impact on popular culture rather than simply listing appearances; add references to reliable sources if possible. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (September 2017)

text: Up to 1959[edit]

text: In 1958, a videotaped television special entitled Art Carney Meets Peter and the Wolf, with Art Carney as main entertainer, along with the Bil Baird Marionettes, was presented by the American Broadcasting Company, and was successful enough to have been repeated twice. The show had an original storyline in which Carney interacted with some talking marionette animals, notably the wolf, who was the troublemaker of the group. This first half was presented as a musical, with adapted music from Lieutenant Kijé and other Prokofiev works which had special English lyrics fitted into them. The program then segued into a complete performance of Peter and the Wolf, played exactly as written by the composer, and "mimed" by both "human" and "animal" marionettes. The conclusion of the program again featured Carney interacting with the animal marionettes. The show was nominated for three Emmy Awards.

text:
Circa 1960, Hans Conried recorded the narration with a Dixieland musical band. Since there is no oboe in a Dixieland band, the part of the duck was played by a saxophone.[27]
The Clyde Valley Stompers recorded a jazz version on Parlophone Records (45-R 4928) in 1962, which registered on the popular music charts of the time.[28]
Allan Sherman parodied the work in the album Peter and the Commissar (1964), made with Arthur Fiedler and the Boston Pops Orchestra.[29]
In 1966, Hammond organ player "The Incredible Jimmy Smith" performed an improvisation without narration based on the original themes and arranged by Oliver Nelson.[30]
In 1969, American-Canadian filmmaker Caroline Leaf used sand animation to adapt the work in Sand or Peter and the Wolf, her first film.

text: The Rock Peter and the Wolf is an album by Jack Lancaster and Robin Lumley released in 1975. Performers on the album include Jack Lancaster, Robin Lumley, Gary Brooker, Bill Bruford, Phil Collins, Julie Driscoll, Stephane Grappelli, Jon Hiseman, Brian Eno, Alvin Lee, Gary Moore, Cozy Powell, Manfred Mann, Keith Tippett, Viv Stanshall, and the English Chorale.

text:
The 1983 film A Christmas Story features music from Peter and the Wolf prominently during scenes of the character Scott Farkus bullying other characters. The surname Farkus is a variation of farkas, which is Hungarian for "wolf".
Justin Locke wrote a 1985 sequel to the story, using the original score. Peter VS. the Wolf is the Wolf's trial, where he defends himself against the charge of "Duckicide in the first degree, with one gulp." The original music is presented as evidence, but then the Wolf calls individual musicians to the stand and cross-examines them. It requires five actors for a stage presentation.[31]
In 1985, Arnie Zane choreographed a punk music ballet version of Peter and the Wolf.[32]
In 1988, "Weird Al" Yankovic and Wendy Carlos produced a comedic version, using a synthesized orchestra and many additions to the story and music (e.g., Peter captures the wolf using his grandfather's dental floss, leading to the moral of the story: "Oral hygiene is very important").[33]
In 1989, in an episode of the Muppet Babies entitled, "Skeeter and the Wolf", Skeeter fills in for Peter, Gonzo is the bird, Scooter is the cat, Fozzie is the duck, Nanny is the grandparent, and Kermit and Piggy are the hunters.

text:
A 1990 episode of Tiny Toon Adventures titled "Buster and the Wolverine" featured Elmyra Duff providing narration for a story wherein Buster Bunny and his friends, represented with musical instruments, combat an evil "wolverine". In this episode, the characters' instruments are: Buster Bunny, a trumpet; Babs Bunny, a harp; Furrball, a violin; Sweetie, a flute; Hamton J. Pig, a tuba; Plucky Duck, a bike horn (later, bagpipes, then an organ, and finally a synthesizer); and the wolverine, drums.[34]
Peter Schickele (aka P. D. Q. Bach), wrote an alternate, comedic text for the score entitled Sneaky Pete and the Wolf, converting the story into a Western, including a showdown between Sneaky Pete and the gunslinger El Lobo (which never happens due to some local boys' giving El Lobo a hotfoot and sticking a paper airplane in his eye, and Sneaky Pete's girlfriend Laura rendering El Lobo unconscious with a vacuum cleaner). It was recorded with the Atlanta Symphony Orchestra, conducted by Yoel Levi, in 1993.[35]
In the 1993 Simpsons episode "Krusty Gets Kancelled", guest star Hugh Hefner plays a portion of Peter and the Wolf on wine glasses.
In 1995, a 60-minute television film was made with a mix of live-action, animation, and characters from the story designed by Chuck Jones.[36] The film featured Kirstie Alley (as the narrator), Lloyd Bridges (as the grandfather), and Ross Malinger (as Peter), in a live-action "wraparound" segment. The version debuted on ABC on 8 December 1995. This version keeps the duck-friendly ending by having the swallowed duck pop out of the wolf's mouth alive, well, and dancing as the wolf is being captured. The wolf, described as "not a ballet fan", grabs the duck again before being forced to drop him by the hunters. As the story ends, Peter finds the duck crouching at the pond's edge, shivering and frightened because of his terrible experience, and Peter reassures it that he will always be there to protect it. This version even places the bird as a mother, with six eggs that hatch near the ending. The music for this version was performed by the RCA Victor Symphony Orchestra conducted by George Daugherty. The version received a 1996 Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Children's Program and received a second Emmy nomination for Daugherty, for Outstanding Music Direction. Daugherty (also one of the writers) and Janis Diamond received a Writers Guild of America Award nomination for the script. The production received a Gold Hugo and Silver Hugo at Chicago International Film Festival.
During September 1996, Coldcut (a duo of scratch/mix DJs from south London) released a scratch version of the main theme, included on the track "More Beats + Pieces", from their album Let Us Play!.[37]
Matthew Hart choreographed Peter and the Wolf for television in 1997, performed by the dancers of the Royal Ballet School and narrated by Sir Anthony Dowell (who also danced the role of "The Grandfather").[16]

text:
In 2001, National Public Radio produced Peter and the Wolf: A Special Report, which treats the familiar plot as if it were a developing news story. Robert Siegel, Linda Wertheimer, Ann Taylor, and Steve Inskeep of NPR's All Things Considered report on the event against a performance of the score by the Virginia Symphony Orchestra conducted by JoAnn Falletta.[38]
Sesame Workshop produced a version with Sesame Street characters in 2000, as told by way of a trip to a Boston Pops Orchestra concert. Dubbed as "Elmo's Musical Adventure", the story unfolds inside Baby Bear's imagination as he attends a performance with Papa Bear, conducted by Keith Lockhart. In the story, Peter is played by Elmo, the cat by Oscar the Grouch, the duck by Telly Monster, the bird by Zoe, the grandfather by Big Bird, and the hunters by the Two-Headed Monster. Each character is followed around by a soloist playing that character's instrument, but Telly Monster's "Duck" quits the story after learning the wolf eats the duck. (He returns as one of the hunters later.)
In February 2004, ex-president Bill Clinton, Mikhail Gorbachev, and Sophia Loren won a Grammy Award for Best Spoken Word Album for Children for narrating the album Peter and the Wolf/Wolf Tracks. This recording was performed by the Russian National Orchestra conducted by Kent Nagano and included Ms. Loren narrating Peter and the Wolf and Clinton narrating The Wolf and Peter by Jean-Pascal Beintus, which is also a narrated orchestral piece, but the story is told from the perspective of the wolf and has the theme of letting animals live in peace.[39]
In 2004, Russian model Tatiana Sorokko performed with the Russian National Orchestra on tour in the United States.[40][citation needed]
In 2004, the Shirim Klezmer Orchestra recorded a klezmer version of Peter and the Wolf, called Pincus and the Pig: A Klezmer Tale. The recording was narrated by Maurice Sendak and featured his illustrations.[41]
In 2005, theatre organist Jelani Eddington performed and recorded with narrator George Woods the only existing theatre organ adaptation of Peter and the Wolf.[42]
Psy-trance artist Eliad Grundland released a musical interpretation of the work, as Space Buddha, titled "Land of The Wolves", on his album Full Circle (2006).[43]
In 2006, Neil Tobin produced a Halloween-themed narrative called Peter and the Werewolf with the Melbourne Symphony Orchestra, John Lanchbery conducting.[44][citation needed]
In 2009, an Angelina Ballerina: The Next Steps episode named "Angelina's Musical Day", Angelina and her friends do a school play of Peter and the Wolf.
In 2009, musical group Project Trio released their second studio album, Brooklyn, on which a modernized version of the story was recorded. All three members narrate.[45]

text:
In 2010, Denver musicians Munly and the Lupercalians released Petr & the Wulf, an alternative take on the original story. Told from the different perspectives of all the characters: Grandfater, Petr, Scarewulf, Cat, Bird, The Three Hunters, Duk, and Wulf. Released on the Alternative Tentacles label.[46]
In 2012, ITV used a version of the main theme as the title music for their coverage of the European Football Championships, because Prokofiev was born in present-day Ukraine, one of the host countries.[47]
In 2013, filmmaker Wes Hurley premiered his short film Peter and the Wolf – a graphic adult version of the story featuring Peter as a gay werewolf-hunter and imagery inspired by Tom of Finland.[48][49]
In 2015, a recording done on the Walt Disney Concert Hall organ, arranged by Josh Perschbacher, and narrated by Michael Barone (host of the radio program Pipedreams from American Public Media)[50]
In 2015, the New England Jazz Ensemble (with the Wallingford Symphony Orchestra) debuted pianist Walter Gwardyak's jazz arrangement of Peter and the Wolf for big band. It is set to be recorded in summer of 2015. Narration written and performed by vocalist Giacomo Gates.[51]

text: In copyright law[edit]

text: In 2012, the US Supreme Court's decision in Golan v. Holder restored copyright protection in the United States to numerous foreign works that had entered the public domain. Peter and the Wolf was frequently cited by the parties and amici, as well as by the Court's opinion and by the press, as an example of a well-known work that would be removed from the public domain by the decision.[52]


document_title: Vascular tissue

question_text: where is the mesophyll located in a plant

text: Vascular tissue

text: Vascular tissue is a complex conducting tissue, formed of more than one cell type, found in vascular plants. The primary components of vascular tissue are the xylem and phloem. These two tissues transport fluid and nutrients internally. There are also two meristems associated with vascular tissue: the vascular cambium and the cork cambium. All the vascular tissues within a particular plant together constitute the vascular tissue system of that plant.

text: The cells in vascular tissue are typically long and slender. Since the xylem and phloem function in the conduction of water, minerals, and nutrients throughout the plant, it is not surprising that their form should be similar to pipes. The individual cells of phloem are connected end-to-end, just as the sections of a pipe might be. As the plant grows, new vascular tissue differentiates in the growing tips of the plant. The new tissue is aligned with existing vascular tissue, maintaining its connection throughout the plant. The vascular tissue in plants is arranged in long, discrete strands called vascular bundles. These bundles include both xylem and phloem, as well as supporting and protective cells. In stems and roots, the xylem typically lies closer to the interior of the stem with phloem towards the exterior of the stem. In the stems of some Asterales dicots, there may be phloem located inwardly from the xylem as well.

text: Between the xylem and phloem is a meristem called the vascular cambium. This tissue divides off cells that will become additional xylem and phloem. This growth increases the girth of the plant, rather than its length. As long as the vascular cambium continues to produce new cells, the plant will continue to grow more stout. In trees and other plants that develop wood, the vascular cambium allows the expansion of vascular tissue that produces woody growth. Because this growth ruptures the epidermis of the stem, woody plants also have a cork cambium that develops among the phloem. The cork cambium gives rise to thickened cork cells to protect the surface of the plant and reduce water loss. Both the production of wood and the production of cork are forms of secondary growth.

text: In leaves, the vascular bundles are located among the spongy mesophyll. The xylem is oriented toward the adaxial surface of the leaf (usually the upper side), and phloem is oriented toward the abaxial surface of the leaf. This is why aphids are typically found on the underside of the leaves rather than on the top, since the phloem transports sugars manufactured by the plant and they are closer to the lower surface.[citation needed]


document_title: Patience is a virtue

question_text: where does the saying patience is a virtue come from

text: Patience is a virtue

text:
This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Patience is a virtue.
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text: Wikiquote has quotations related to: Patience

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Wikisource has original text related to this article:
Summa Theologiae by Thomas Aquinas — Question 136: Of Patience

text: Patience is a virtue is a proverbial phrase referring to one of the seven heavenly virtues typically said to date back to "Psychomachia," an epic poem written in the fifth century.

text: In popular culture, "Patience is a Virtue" can refer to:

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a 1991 single by Lois Reeves, part of the Motorcity Records singles discography
a bonus track on some versions of the 2007 album Release the Stars by Rufus Wainwright
a 2010 mixtape from Romeo Miller's discography
Rachel Weisz's character Evelyn "Evie" Carnahan O'Connell said the phrase in The Mummy

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