document_title: List of The Fairly OddParents characters

question_text: who plays timmy dad in fairly odd parents

root

text: Main[edit]

text: Timmy Turner[edit]

text:
Timmy
Voiced by:

tag: p

text:
Tara Strong
Alec Baldwin - Adult Timmy in Channel Chasers episode
Mary Kay Bergman - Oh Yeah! Cartoons shorts

tag: ul

text: Portrayed by:

text: Drake Bell - Live-action movies

text: Timothy "Timmy" Tiberius Turner was given fairy godparents to grant his every wish. His wishes often have unpredictable and problematic side effects, and are often reverted upon Timmy's request by the end of the episode. His interests include comic books (particularly those centered around his favorite superhero, the Crimson Chin), video games, cartoons, and sports. Timmy's middle name is Tiberius, as revealed in "Manic Mom Day". During a time travel trip, Timmy accidentally arrives the day his parents moved into their house; unseen, he learns that they were expecting a girl, hence his pink hat. Series creator Butch Hartman stated on his Twitter that Timmy's hat would be originally blue, but because he ran out of blue ink, it became a pink one.

text: Cosmo[edit]

text: Voiced by:

text: Daran Norris

text: Portrayed by:

text: Jason Alexander (in A Fairly Odd Movie: Grow Up, Timmy Turner!)[1]

text: Cosmo and Wanda Cosma are fairy godparents assigned to grant Timmy and Chloe's wishes. They were previously the godparents of Denzel Crocker, Billy Gates, Tina Turner, and other historical and modern day figures; such as Benjamin Franklin. To avoid being seen by humans other than Timmy, they often disguise themselves as goldfish, green and pink inanimate objects, or other animals.

text: Cosmo Julius Cosma is Wanda's husband, Poof's father, and Timmy and Chloe's godfather. He is known for his stupidity and has been responsible for inadvertently causing disasters (examples from various episodes include the violent eruption of Mount Vesuvius on the cities of Herculaneum and Pompeii, the repeated sinking of Atlantis and the destruction of Pluto) since he was born. As explained in "Fairly Oddbaby" Cosmo's ability for destruction is such that when he was born, all fairies were henceforth no longer allowed to have children out of the fear that another potential fairy baby would be as bad as or worse than Cosmo. Although he is very laid back and dim, Cosmo is prone to fits of jealousy and becomes defensive when he sees others flirting with his wife Wanda. He was the youngest fairy until Poof was born and, though he was considered an only child in earlier episodes, has a brother named Schnozmo that debuts later. His mother, Mama Cosma, despises Wanda but actually appreciates their marriage at times. Cosmo has green hair and typically wears a white shirt, black pants, and a black necktie. Running gags in the show have Cosmo being tortured by objects and having crushes on other women (This is more often seen in more recent seasons.). In a later episode, his family name is revealed to be Fairywinkle-Cosma.

text: Wanda[edit]

text: Voiced by:

text: Susanne Blakeslee

text: Portrayed by Cheryl Hines in A Fairly Odd Movie: Grow Up, Timmy Turner![1]

text: Wanda Venus Cosma (née Fairywinkle) is Cosmo's wife, Poof's mother, and Timmy and Chloe's godmother. She is depicted as being smart and caring. Unlike Cosmo, she tries to prevent Timmy from wishing for things which can be disastrous, though her attempts often fail. However, she is responsible for the extinction of dinosaurs, 65 million years ago. She has a sister, who is a popular actress, named Blonda whom she fights with a lot, as Wanda believes her sister's life as a Soap Star is easier than hers as a housewife. Wanda also has a father named Big Daddy, who also despised Cosmo similar to how Mama Cosma dislikes Wanda but to a much lesser extent. She has pink hair styled with a swirl in front and is usually shown wearing a yellow T-shirt and black pants. A running gag in the show is her constant nagging and tormenting of her own husband's stupidity. In a later episode, her family name is revealed to be Fairy-Winkle Cosma. Originally, she was going to be called Venus, but "Venus" ended up being her middle name. Wanda has an obsession with chocolate, and it is one of the only things that can distract her from her top priorities.

text: Vicky[edit]

text:
Vicky (voiced by Grey DeLisle, portrayed by Devon Weigel in the live-action movies), is Timmy's mean, selfish, malicious, and tyrannical 16-year-old babysitter. She has but a few friends and enjoys torturing children, watching television and making the world miserable, especially for Timmy. She lives with her mother, her father, and her younger sister Tootie. She has encountered Cosmo & Wanda on numerous occasions, but does not believe in them.
Also, she has encountered Mark Chang in his natural form but dismisses it as a Halloween costume. It is a plot point in the episode "Frenemy Mine" involved her belonging to a dark society known as B.R.A.T. (Babysitters Raging Against Twerps). She has been shown to be accepting of her own cruelty, and that the only reason she is mean is because she was mistreated as a child by her own babysitter.

text: Poof[edit]

text: Poof Cosma (voiced by Tara Strong, Jeff Bennett in Certifiable Super Sitter) is Cosmo and Wanda's only child and son, Timmy and Chloe's younger fairy godbrother and was introduced into the series in the 2008 special Fairly OddBaby. He was the first fairy baby born in over one thousand years, with his own father being the second to last. His gradually underdeveloped, untapped magical abilities are channeled and controlled through his magic rattle. His first word is "poof" and his second "Timmy", as pointed out in the episode "Mission Responsible".

text:
In "Fairy Old Parent", Poof is assigned to his very first person as a fairy godparent as his own, for miserable old people; such as Mrs. Crocker. He grants her wishes but became overworked and exhausted, returning to Cosmo and Wanda via Timmy's plan.
At the end of "School of Crock", he is heard speaking fluent English, which further develops and strengthens his innate fairy magic to slightly higher power-levels. Since his first appearance, he inherent magical abilities are tied to his feelings and emotions. When happy, good things happen, but when he cries, bad things happen. He is shaped like an orb and wears a light purple jumpsuit. He also uses a toy rattle (which babies do) the way other fairies use magic wands.

text: In the Season 10 episode "Certifiable Super Sitter", Poof returned from Spellementary Boarding School for spring break. His voice has recently gotten deeper and more comical as part of his formal training to be a great fairy. Chloe goes completely crazy over him, as she loves babies.

text: Sparky[edit]

text: Sparky (voiced by Maddie Taylor) is Timmy's talking fairy dog, who was a character in season 9, as he was removed later in season 10 due to negative reception. Sparky has orange fur, a wand for a tail, a blue nose, and fairy wings. He wears a fairy crown and a blue collar. Sparky's magic tail doesn't work when he is wet. He has magic fleas that will turn people into dogs if bitten. He is highly allergic to pasta, and is capable of performing human acts, such as driving. Unlike Timmy's fairy godparents, it is okay for other people to know about Sparky, but they cannot know that he can talk.

text: Chloe Carmichael[edit]

text: Chloe Carmichael (voiced by Kari Wahlgren) is Timmy's new neighbor who debuts in the season 10 premiere episode, "The Big Fairy Share Scare." Due to there not being enough fairies available for kids, she and Timmy are forced to share Cosmo and Wanda. Although in the beginning they do not get along (being polar opposites), they end up becoming best friends. Chloe is seen by Timmy as an annoying, goody goody, and boastful, little girl and she has the tendency to cause chaos with her wishes.

text: Supporting[edit]

text: Mr. and Mrs. Turner[edit]

text: Dad (voiced by Daran Norris) and Mom (Susanne Blakeslee) are Timmy's parents. They have the same voice actors as Timmy's fairy godparents. Their faces were unseen in early episodes, but became fully seen by the end of the first season. Their first names are never revealed. Mom is a real estate agent and home dealer; and Dad works as an employee of a pencil factory called Pencil Nexus and troop leader for Timmy's Squirrelly Scouts Troop, though both have had several other jobs, usually only for the duration of a single episode. Mom is shown to be a horrible gardener and cook, as anything she tries to grow dies and her meals usually come alive and try to attack her family. Dad is often shown hating the Dinklebergs, the next door neighbors, which can be compared to Homer Simpson's hatred for Ned Flanders in The Simpsons. The Dinklebergs actually play along with the belief that Mr. Turner thinks they are evil as a way of keeping him happy, even going as far to rent out an evil lair and giving Timmy a bike and cash in exchange for keeping the secret. Both are completely oblivious to the magic in their home, and despite their obvious love for Timmy, tend to be somewhat neglectful. They leave Timmy with Vicky, his babysitter, and are oblivious to obvious signs she is evil; even going as far as believing that the song "Icky Vicky" was about pumpkins. They often forget his birthday and punish him for situations that are beyond his control.

text: Timmy's mom was played by Teryl Rothery in the live-action movies, while Norris reprised his role as Timmy's dad.

text: Chester McBadbat[edit]

text: Chester McBadbat (voiced by Frankie Muniz in 2001–2003; Jason Marsden in 2003–2017) is one of Timmy's best friends. He lives in a trailer with his father in an impoverished community with few amenities. Although his mother was mentioned in the episode "Teeth for Two", she has not been shown in the show. He is generous and cares more for others than himself, as every time he has obtained magic, he has used his wishes to try to improve the lives of others, even though it usually leads to disaster. He becomes the only classmate of Timmy to know about his godparents' existence in Fairy Idol, but it is not mentioned again in later episodes (it is presumed he loses his knowledge of this after wishing everything back to normal). He often wears worn-in, oversized clothes. He has freckles, green eyes, dental braces, and blonde shaggy hair and eyebrows. Jason Marsden also voiced Imaginary Gary Ricky and Winston Dunsworth throughout the series Marsden was the first and so far the only Voice Actor to play a live action character named Jeff from Channel Chasers.

text: He was played by Chris Anderson in A Fairly Odd Movie: Grow Up, Timmy Turner!.

text: A.J.[edit]

text: A.J. (voiced by Ibrahim Haneef Muhammad (2001–2003), Gary LeRoi Gray (2003–2017)) is the resident genius in Timmy's class, and one of his best friends. He comes from an upper-middle-class family, and is a straight "A" student in school, a quality both his parents have achieved as well. He has constructed an older brother who defends him from bullies, fulfilling his need for a real one. He plays with video games and reads comic books like his other friends, in spite of his superior intellect. He has a secret laboratory that he conceals with a "cloak" button on his bedroom wall which, when pressed, it converts his lab into a typical bedroom.

text: He was played by Jesse Reid in A Fairly Odd Movie: Grow Up, Timmy Turner!.

text: Jorgen Von Strangle[edit]

text: Jorgen Von Strangle (voiced by Daran Norris, played by Mark Gibbon in the live-action movies) is the toughest fairy in the universe who speaks with an Austrian accent and is a high-ranking official in Fairy World. He uses an oversized wand, is the tallest fairy, and is one of the very few fairies who does not levitate in the series. Unlike other fairies who "poof" from place to place, Jorgen appears and disappears in the form of an atomic explosion and has a jet pack instead of wings, stating in the episode "The Temp" that normal fairy wands and wings are too wimpy and girly for him. In "The Zappies", he mentioned he has had only one godchild, Winston; the reason for this, as revealed in "Temporary Fairy", is that his extreme wish-granting and daredevil stunts unnecessarily endanger the lives of godchildren. He is a big supporter of "Da Rules". He is sadistic and enjoys the idea of others cowering in fear of him, which affects his ability to have friends beside Cosmo and Wanda. Although Jorgen is known as the toughest fairy in Fairy World, he is seen multiple times crying in front of Cosmo and Wanda. Jorgen has a smaller wand hidden in his boot, as seen in Wishology. Over the course of the series, his relationship with Timmy, Cosmo and Wanda has changed. In the start of the series he was characterized as rougher and meaner but as the series goes on he has become much softer and nicer to them. It is revealed in "Cosmo Rules" that Cosmo is his distant (and possibly long-lost) cousin. Based on his voice and mannerisms, he appears to be a parody of Arnold Schwarzenegger.

text: Tootie[edit]

text: Tootie (voiced by Grey DeLisle in the TV series, Amber Hood in episode "The Fairy Flu", and portrayed in the live-action movies by Daniella Monet) is Vicky's younger sister. She is a bespectacled girl who has an obsessive crush on Timmy, often going to the extreme of spying on and stalking him. While Timmy rejects her regularly, he does have a soft spot for her and does nice things for her in several episodes, including sending Cosmo and Wanda out on loan for her birthday after Vicky ruins it. When Vicky isn't torturing the children she babysits, she regularly tortures Tootie at home in substitution. There is some debate amongst fans of the show between whom Timmy will end up with due to the end of "Channel Chasers", where his children (especially daughter Tammy) have physical similarities of both Trixie and Tootie.

text: Other Fairies[edit]

text:
Binky Abdul (voiced by Dee Bradley Baker) is a meek yet optimistic fairy who is always getting hurt or beaten up by Jorgen.
Juandissimo Magnifico (voiced by Carlos Alazraqui) is Remy Buxaplenty's sexy (self-proclaimed), beefcake fairy godparent who speaks with a Spanish accent. He is often a villain in the episodes in which he appears alongside his godchild, but is actually a kind fairy whom Timmy considers a friend. He is Wanda's ex-boyfriend and is still infatuated over her, much to Cosmo's chagrin. A running gag has him magically tearing off his white T-shirt to show off his muscles and then making it reappear shortly thereafter.
Cupid (voiced by Tom Kenny) is a fairy who promotes love across the universe, yet his arrogance contrasts his love-themed abilities.
Tooth Fairy (voiced by Grey DeLisle) is one of the few adult-sized fairies, which is dedicated to changing the teeth that children leave under the pillows for coins, and the wife of Jorgen Von Strangle.
Mama Cosma (voiced by Jane Carr), Cosmo and Schnozmo's mother, loathes Wanda and repeatedly attempts to get rid of her because of the over-protective bond she has with her son.
Dr. Rip Studwell (voiced by Jim Ward in the first appearance, Butch Hartman in later appearances) is a fairy doctor who insists on being referred to by his full name.

text: Other Kids[edit]

text:
Elmer (voiced by Dee Bradley Baker) is a nerdy kid with a large boilon his face, whom he named Bob, and one of Timmy's friends.
Sanjay (voiced by Dee Bradley Baker) is a boy of Indian American descent who is one of Timmy's friends. He speaks with a high pitched voice, which is accompanied by a strong accent. He often has to put up with his stepfather's military ways of life as if he were in boot camp.
Trixie Tang (voiced by Dionne Quan) is the object of Timmy's affection, no matter how many times she turns him down. She is one of the wealthiest children in the city.
Veronica (voiced by Grey DeLisle) is Trixie Tang's obsessive best friend who wants to be Trixie.
Tad and Chad (voiced by Tara Strong and Grey DeLisle) are two of Timmy's wealthy, popular classmates. They often make fun of Timmy and other unpopular kids, and also frequently turn Trixie away from Timmy by embarrassing him or impressing her with their money.

text: Superheroes[edit]

text:
Crimson Chin (voiced by Jay Leno) is a comic book superhero whose comics Timmy and many other children in the series enjoy reading. Though he has many standard superhero abilities such as flight, superior strength, and heat vision, his main weapon is his enormous chin, a reference to that of his voice actor. Sometimes, Timmy joins him in his comic book adventures as "Cleft the Boy Chin Wonder," and at other times, the Chin comes to the real world via fairy magic. He lives in "Chincinnati", and his alter ego is Charles Hampton "Chuck" Indigo, news writer for the Daily Blabbity. His origin story is like that of Spider-Man in that he gained his powers when a radioactive actor bit him on the chin.
Catman (voiced by Adam West in Season 4-6, Jeff Bennett in Season 9-10) is Adam West's alter ego, and a good friend of Timmy's. He is considered insane by most people since he thinks he is part cat because of a TV show he was part 30 years ago.
Crash Nebula (voiced by James Arnold Taylor in the Crash Nebula special) is a fictional space hero whose television show is watched by Timmy and his friends.

text: Other Dimmsdaleians[edit]

text:
The Mayor of Dimmsdale (voiced by Carlos Alazraqui, portrayed by Serge Houde in the first live action film) is the city's unnamed mayor for life who was first introduced in "Dream Goat!", where he is very protective (and somewhat jealous) of the city's famous mascot, Chompy the Goat, who in later episodes seems to become a very good friend of the Mayor, and is sometimes a literal "scapegoat" for when the Mayor needs to blame something on someone.
Principal Geraldine Waxelplax (voiced by Grey DeLisle) is the principal of Dimmsdale Elementary. She is often desperate with Crocker's obsession with fairies.
The Dinklebergs are the Turners' next-door neighbors. Sheldon Dinkleberg (voiced by Carlos Alazraqui) is Mr. Turner's arch-enemy. Although he is a good and friendly neighbor, Timmy's dad sees him as a perverse person, but he puts up with Mr. Turner's hatred of him, and even humors the ridiculous theories about himself Mr. Turner comes up with.
Bucky McBadbat (voiced by Rob Paulsen) is Chester's father and former baseball player who was kicked out of the MLB for being, as Timmy Turner once said, "the worst baseball player ever". He wore a paper bag on his head because of the shame of being a failure as a baseball player.
Mrs. Dolores Crocker (voiced by Carlos Alazraqui) is Mr. Crocker's mother, who lives with her son. Mr. Crocker does not support her.
Mr. Bickles (voiced by Jim Ward) is Timmy's drama teacher. A running gag is that he always has a "new dream". That consistently fail, usually as the result of something Timmy has done.
Chet Ubetcha (voiced by Jim Ward) is a vertically challenged newscaster, known for his trademark line "I'm Chet Ubetcha".
Chip Skylark III (voiced by Chris Kirkpatrick) is a widely popular and attractive teen singing sensation, and friend of Timmy Turner's after Timmy wishes that the worst possible non-lethal thing would happen to Chip, which turned out to being stuck with Vicky.
Doug Dimmadome (voiced by Jim Ward) is the owner of the Dimmsdale Dimmadome and several other buildings and companies in Dimmsdale, and the richest and most powerful man in the city.
Mr. Ed Leadly (voiced by Rob Paulsen, portrayed by Tony Alcantar in A Fairly Odd Summer) is the president and CEO of Pencil Nexus, and boss of Timmy's Dad. His design resembles a small #2 pencil.

text: Antagonists[edit]

text: Denzel Crocker[edit]

text: Denzel Quincy Crocker, a.k.a. Mr. Crocker (voiced by Carlos Alazraqui, portrayed by David Lewis in the live-action movies), is a gray-skinned, hunchbacked man and Timmy's fairy-obsessed teacher. He correctly suspects that Timmy has fairy godparents of his own, and he is often able to tell what Timmy has wished for by the smallest, most irrelevant clues. His unshakable belief in fairy godparents leads to other adults perceiving him as mentally ill.

text: Crocker has been shown to go to great extents to prove his theory that Timmy has fairy god parents, sinking vast quantities of money into expensive equipment and conducting elaborate experiments. He is also willing to do highly dangerous and immoral things to confirm the belief. He once put Cosmo (posing as Timmy's father) in a situation that would kill a human being, stating that "if he lives, he's a fairy." Crocker then adds, "if he dies, I have a tenure."

text: Surprisingly, Crocker is the previous godchild of Cosmo and Wanda. Though he lost them and the memories of their time with him, his belief in fairies remains. Timmy tries to alter this event via time travel in the episode "The Secret Origin of Denzel Crocker!", but he paradoxically fails and becomes the reason Crocker lost Cosmo and Wanda and made him remember his belief in fairies.

text: Although being a middle-aged man, he still lives with his mother, Dolores Crocker. His father has never been seen or mentioned in the series.

text: In an ironic twist of fate, Crocker served for many decades as the main power source for all of the fairy magic; his belief is so strong that it was used to power the Big Wand, the source of all the magic in Fairy World. In one episode, this leads to the Big Wand losing all its power after he is hypnotized by his psychiatrist into believing fairies do not exist. To remedy this, Timmy, Cosmo, Wanda, Poof, and Jorgen make it so that everyone as equally crazy about fairies as Crocker is used as a source of power for the Big Wand.

text: Due to his insanity, a running gag on the show features the "Super F", his made-up grade. Another gag has him spasm uncontrollably when he shouts, "Fairy godparents!".

text: Francis[edit]

text: Francis (voiced by Faith Abrahams) is the school bully and another of Timmy's enemies. He has grey skin and a low pitched voice, and his clothes and underwear are ragged. In the season 5 episode "It's a Wishful Life" it is revealed that if Timmy did not exist, Francis would funnel all of the aggression he expends bullying into football. As the show progressed, he has made fewer appearances. In the episode "Manic Mom Day", he is voiced by Butch Hartman. It's possible that Francis might be dropped from the series, given he serves as a poor catalyst for Timmy's backfiring wishes.

text: Anti-Fairies[edit]

text: The Anti-Fairies, as their name suggests, are the evil opposite of fairies. The anti-fairies are responsible for all the bad luck on earth and, according to Cosmo, Friday the 13th is their "Christmas". Each fairy has an anti-fairy counterpart, who is their exact opposite in both personality and morality.

text: Anti-Cosmo (Daran Norris) is portrayed as a cynical, evil, smart anti-fairy with a British accent, and is hinted to be the leader of the Anti-Fairies, while Anti-Wanda (Susanne Blakeslee), is portrayed as a dumb, hillbilly fairy who eats with her feet.

text: The Anti-Fairies reside in Anti-Fairy World, an enclosed environment within Fairy World, first shown as a chamber with a gate guarded by Jorgen. After Timmy accidentally set them free on Earth, Anti-Fairy World was turned into a prison-styled containment facility, where residents live in cells and wear suits preventing them from using magic. The high levels of security were still deemed penetrable, due in part to a specific group effort to get Anti-Cosmo out of Anti-Fairy World to be used as a donor for an operation. The Anti-Fairies serve as the main villains of The Jimmy Timmy Power Hour 2: When Nerds Collide, Fairly OddBaby, and Fairylympics. They are fairly important villains early in the series, but have made few appearances after Poof is introduced.

text: Anti Sparky is the evil version of Sparky who appeared in the episode "Man's Worst Friend". Unlike Sparky who is stupid yet very loyal and friendly, Anti Sparky is smart and takes advice from nobody.

text: Foop[edit]

text: Foop ("Poof" spelled backwards) (voiced by Eric Bauza, portrayed by Scott Baio in A Fairly Odd Summer) is the Anti-double of Poof and the son of Anti-Cosmo and Anti-Wanda. He is supposedly the first Anti-Fairy baby born in 9,000 years. Because the character of Poof is so nice and attracts so much positive attention, Foop is portrayed as evil and extremely jealous of his counterpart. Foop wants nothing but to destroy Poof, and he cares not for anyone who gets in his way, including his fellow Anti-Fairies. Unlike Poof, who causes bad things to happen when he cries, Foop's cause good things to happen. Foop is the only known Anti-fairy for not having its name starting with "anti".

text: Foop resembles Poof, but he is shaped like a cube rather than a ball. He also was born with a black mustache and goatee on his face, the kind typically seen on stereotypical villains. Foop has bat wings and a black crown like all Anti-Fairies, and his wand is a baby bottle with bat wings on the side, as opposed to Poof's rattle. He also speaks with a stereotypical British gentleman accent. Foop has a second personality thanks to being in Abracatraz too long. It supports Poof, causing him to argue with himself. Since he is the anti-fairy counterpart of Poof, Foop's name is actually Poof's name backwards (Anti-Cosmo noting after he named him that the name sounded far more evil in his head than it turned out in reality). Foop may be based on Family Guy character Stewie Griffin, as the two characters both have the same personalities and speak in British accents.

text: Pixies, Inc.[edit]

text: Pixies, Inc. is an organization of magical pixies (all voiced by Ben Stein) who are similar to fairies but portrayed as monotonous, nearly identical businessmen who do not like anything amusing or fun. The pixies utilize mobile phones instead of wands, dress in predominantly greyscale outfits, and require that wishes be submitted as multiple written copies and be subject to approval. When they warp from place to place, they use "ping" clouds instead of the fairies' traditional "poof" clouds. The Head Pixie (H.P.) and Sanderson, the former of whom is a caricature of the pixies' voice actor, are the two leaders of Pixies, Inc. On numerous occasions, they have attempted to take over Fairy World and replace all fairies with pixies using elaborate business schemes. The Pixies serve as the main villains of School's Out! The Musical, Fairly OddBaby, and Fairylympics. They appear to be parodies of the Agents from The Matrix, as they all dress in suits and speak in a monotonous tone very similar to that of the Agents from the film.

text: Doctor Bender[edit]

text: Doctor Bender (voiced by Gilbert Gottfried in "The Same Game", "Scary GodParents", and "Shiny Teeth"; Butch Hartman onwards) is an evil dentist. He has an obsession with perfect teeth and is intolerant toward anyone who does not have quality teeth. He hates Timmy for his overbite. His son, Wendell (also voiced by Gilbert Gottfried and later Butch Hartman), is almost identical to his father in appearance and is also tooth-hygienic, but hates it when his father scares off other kids. Doctor Bender enjoys performing pointless procedures on children's teeth and encourages children to eat refined sugar to boost his business.

text: Dark Laser[edit]

text: Dark Laser (voiced by Kevin Michael Richardson) is a science fiction character who is first seen as an image of a catalog toy before Timmy brings him to life in "Hard Copy". In "Escape from Unwish Island," Dark Laser is among the Unwished characters that work for Imaginary Gary. He became a recurrent villain in season six, appearing in "Mission: Responsible", "The End of Universe-ity", "Dread 'n' Breakfast", "Please Don't Feed The Turners" and "Momnipresent". He parodies Darth Vader of the Star Wars film series. He is often seen carrying his mechanical toy dog Flipsy, whose backflipping function always makes him giggle.

text: Norm the Genie[edit]

text: Norm (voiced by Norm Macdonald in the series and by Robert Cait in Fairy Idol) is a genie tired of being bound to his lava lamp, into which he must return after being released and granting three wishes to his releaser. While there are no rules as to what wishes he can grant, he is deceptive and can find clever ways to subvert his master's expectations. After Timmy outsmarts him in his first appearance, he colludes with Crocker in his second appearance to get revenge on Timmy. In the special episode Fairy Idol, he formulates a scheme to become a fairy godparent so he can escape his lamp and sabotages a "Fairy Idol" contest to reach this goal.

text: Princess Mandie[edit]

text: Princess Mandie a.k.a. Man-DIE (voiced by Tara Strong) is Mark Chang's terrifying though beautiful former fianceé, a barbaric extraterrestrial princess who can be described as psychotically violent. Antagonized by Mark's intimidation about her and his refusal to marry her, Mandie constantly plots revengeful, bloodthirsty murder against him. It was later revealed Mandie never loved Mark and only wanted to marry him as a way of seizing power. Mandie was eventually defeated by Vicky when Timmy and Mark tricked Vicky into attacking her.

text: Remy Buxaplenty[edit]

text: Remy Buxaplenty (voiced by Dee Bradley Baker) is an archetypical wealthy kid, and one of Timmy's rivals. Despite being very rich, Remy is usually unhappy due to his neglectful, wealth-distracted parents, which is the reason why he has a fairy godparent, Wanda's ex-boyfriend Juandissimo. Both Remy and Timmy are aware of each other's fairy godparents, and Remy continuously tries to remove Timmy's fairies, primarily out of jealousy of not having both fairy and human parents who love him. Other than Timmy, and later, Chloe, he is the only known child in the series with a fairy godparent, though many episodes have featured a cameo of at least one unknown child with their fairy godparent. His last name is a pun of "Bucks a Plenty."

text: Crimson Chin Villains[edit]

text: The enemies of Crimson Chin that threaten Chincinnati.

text: The Bronze Kneecap (voiced by Dee Bradley Baker) is the archenemy of the Crimson Chin and the founder of the Body of Evil. It was mentioned in the episode "The Masked Magician" he used to be Ron Hambone, a former famous jai alai player known for his numerous third-place wins. At one point, he was about to claim a first-place win for the first time, only to trip over the Crimson Chin's eponymous chin. This led him to melt his trophies into a villain suit, and was known from then on as The Bronze Kneecap. His particular ability involves shooting various weapons out of one of his bronze kneecaps.

text: Nega Chin (voiced by Jay Leno) is the evil twin of the Crimson Chin, who possesses the same powers. He wears a dark gray costume instead of red, has pointed teeth and red eyes.

text: H2Olga (voiced by Susanne Blakeslee) is a water-based villain in the Crimson Chin comic. In "The Crime Wave", it is revealed she becomes more powerful when she absorbs more water. She speaks with a Russian accent.

text: The Gilded Arches (voiced by Rob Paulsen) is a former child movie star who crushed movie theaters with his gigantic and golden feet. Only his feet and legs grew during puberty, while the rest of him stayed small. He is very fond of disco and has a golden tooth. He appears in both the Crimson Chin webcomics and the video game Breakin' da Rules, where he took the Chin's speed.

text: The Titanium Toenail is a villain in the Crimson Chin comic. He has the ability to shoot sharp projectiles shaped like toenail clippings, which can cut through metal.

text: The Iron Lung is a metal-based villain in the Crimson Chin comic. He is a robotic enemy that uses the power of wind, which he uses to blow heavy gusts at his enemies, and suction, like a vacuum cleaner.

text: The Golden Gut is a villain in the Crimson Chin Comic. His stomach is made of weighted metal, which extends from his body and rams into his adversaries.

text: The Copper Cranium is a villain in the Crimson Chin Comic. He made his first, and so far only, appearance in the Crimson Chin webtoons, where he tried to use his giant spring-loaded extra skull to break into the First National Bank.

text: Brass Knuckles (voiced by Dee Bradley Baker) a.k.a. Coslo Puncholowski, is a hand-to-hand combat villain who has attempted to defeat the Crimson Chin in battle. As his name indicates, he has thick brass knuckles which enable him to punch through walls.

text: Spatula Woman (voiced by Grey DeLisle) is a woman who uses a giant red spatula to squish her enemies. She made her first appearance in the segment "Chin Up!", where she first encounters Cleft. She returned in the video game Breakin' Da Rules as the villain who stole the Crimson Chin's charisma.

text: Short Fuse is a tiny villain in the Crimson Chin comic. He is one of the main villains to appear in "Big Superhero Wish", where it is revealed that he blows up when people call him "small", "short" and "tiny"


document_title: The Magnificent Seven (2016 film)

question_text: the magnificent seven who dies in the movie

text: The Magnificent Seven (2016 film)

text: Plot[edit]

text: In 1879, robber baron and gold-mining tycoon Bartholomew Bogue assumes control of the American frontier town of Rose Creek, and subjects its residents to forced labor in his mines. After a town church assembly denounces him, Bogue has the church torched and kills a group of rebellious locals led by Matthew Cullen. Matthew's widow, Emma Cullen, and her friend Teddy Q. ride in search of bounty hunters to help liberate the town. They recruit Sam Chisolm, an African-American U.S. Marshal, who expresses interest after hearing of Bogue's involvement.

text: With the help of Emma and Teddy, Chisolm recruits gambler and outlaw Joshua Faraday, Mexican fugitive Vasquez, former Confederate marksman Goodnight "Goody" Robicheaux, Robicheaux's Korean traveling partner Billy Rocks, and legendary game hunter Jack Horne. The group encounters a Comanche warrior named Red Harvest, whom Chisolm persuades to join the posse.

text: The Seven enter Rose Creek and eliminate 22 Blackstone private military contractors on Bogue's payroll. Chisolm sends the corrupt sheriff Mr. Harp away to inform Bogue that they now control his holdings in Rose Creek. Chisolm surmises that Bogue will return with an army in seven days; the Seven (plus Emma) liberate forced laborers from a Bogue Mining digsite, and spend the next week fortifying the town and training the locals in combat. Meanwhile, Bogue receives the news of Rose Creek's liberation, murders Harp for his failure, and orders his Comanche enforcer Denali and his right-hand-man McCann to assemble an army. Robicheaux, haunted by his experiences in the Civil War and fearing his own death if he kills again, leaves the town the night before Bogue's arrival; Emma volunteers to take his place.

text: The next morning, Bogue and his army attack Rose Creek, which has been surrounded with traps and explosive networks. As the battle goes on, Faraday is shot and wounded by McCann, who is killed by Vasquez, the defensive line collapses, and Robicheaux returns to help. Bogue and his remaining men fire a Gatling gun from a hill leading into the town, killing many Rose Creek residents and Bogue's own mercenaries. Realizing they are outgunned, the Seven evacuate the townspeople and mount their last stand. Horne protects a wounded Teddy Q. from gunfire, but is killed by Denali, who is later killed by Red Harvest.

text: Faraday makes a suicidal charge up the hill and destroys the Gatling gun with dynamite, killing most of Bogue's remaining men. Robicheaux and Billy, sniping from the church's bell tower, are killed by a volley of gunfire while providing cover for Faraday's charge. Bogue and his two surviving mercenaries proceed into the town to confront Chisolm. After killing the two men, Chisolm enters a standoff with Bogue, and shoots his hand as he draws, disarming him. A wounded Bogue retreats into the church, where Chisolm reveals that his family was lynched in 1867 by ex-Confederate soldiers, who were hired by Bogue to drive homesteaders out of Kansas. After imploring Bogue to repent, Chisolm tries to garrote him; Bogue retrieves a revolver he stashed in his boot, but Emma shoots him dead from the church doorway.

text: The townspeople return to Rose Creek and thank the survivors for their service, while Faraday, Robicheaux, Billy and Horne are buried near town and honored as heroes. Emma, in voice-over narration, reflects fondly on their noble sacrifice that made them "magnificent".

text: Cast[edit]

text:
Denzel Washington as Sam Chisolm, an African American United States Marshal warrant officer from Wichita, Kansas, and leader of the Seven.
Chris Pratt as Joshua Faraday, a gambler with a fondness for explosives and card tricks.
Ethan Hawke as Goodnight Robicheaux, a former Confederate soldier and sharpshooter who is troubled by his past.
Vincent D'Onofrio as Jack Horne, a very religious tracker and mountain man.
Byung-hun Lee as Billy Rocks, a Korean immigrant and companion of Robicheaux and assassin who uses knives.
Manuel Garcia-Rulfo as Vasquez, a Mexican outlaw who has been on the run for several months.
Martin Sensmeier as Red Harvest, an exiled Comanche warrior and the youngest of the Seven.

text:
Haley Bennett as Emma Cullen, a young widow who hires the Seven.
Peter Sarsgaard as Bartholomew Bogue, a corrupt industrialist.
Luke Grimes as Teddy Q, Emma's friend who helps her hire the Seven.
Matt Bomer as Matthew Cullen, Emma's farmer husband who is murdered by Bogue.
Jonathan Joss as Denali, an exiled Comanche warrior who works with Bogue.
Cam Gigandet as McCann, Bogue's right-hand-man.
Sean Bridgers as Fanning
Billy Slaughter as Josiah

text: Production[edit]

text: Development[edit]

text:
I kept reminding myself of when I was a 12‑year‑old boy, when I was a kid watching it with my grandmother, what was the feeling I had? How much fun was it? How cool were they? For me, I always had my grandmother in my mind when making a film. Would she enjoy this film?

—Director Antoine Fuqua on his approach to the remake.[5]

tag: div

text: The film was reported to be in the planning stages in 2012, with Tom Cruise starring. It was reported that Kevin Costner, Morgan Freeman, and Matt Damon might join the film.[6] In early 2014, MGM chairman Gary Barber and his cohorts approached Antoine Fuqua to read the script by Richard Wenk and Nic Pizzolatto, while Fuqua was making Southpaw.[7]

text: Fuqua has loved Western films since discovering the genre at the age of 12, and has said that his grandmother, with whom he would watch films such as Shane (1953) and The Searchers (1956),[8][9][10] was a key inspiration during the remake.[5][8][11] Fuqua also tried to stay true to the DNA of Seven Samurai, on which the film is based.[11]

text: Fuqua said he wanted to remake the film because the subject of tyranny and terrorism still prevails as it did in Seven Samurai. He has said that there is therefore a strong need for people to come and serve, which is what samurai means – "to serve."[12] Fuqua never imagined he would get a chance to direct a Western film, and when MGM called him to helm the picture, he hesitated at first, given the high regard he had for Seven Samurai and its director, Akira Kurosawa.

text: Casting[edit]

text: Fuqua worked to create a diverse cast[13] by incorporating actors of color such as African-American Denzel Washington, Korean Byung-hun Lee and Mexican Manuel Garcia-Rulfo, and making sure the lead female Emma Cullen (Haley Bennett) did not conform to stereotypes.[14][15] It is a decision Fuqua says reflects historical reality more than it does any conscious attempt to update the story. "There were a lot of black cowboys, a lot of Native Americans; Asians working on the railroads. The truth of the West is more modern than the movies have been."[16] When Fuqua met studio executives to see the possible actors for the film, he found out that they were all white. He found this to be problematic and wanted instead to make the cast diverse so that the audience could identify with more of the characters.[14] The actors were cast between December 2014 and July 2015.[17][18][19][20] At one point, Jason Momoa was in talks to join the project but had had to leave because he was already booked to play Aquaman.[21] The cast were put through cowboy training before filming commenced.[8] They were sent to boot camps in order to hone their skills.[14]

text: Denzel Washington's character, warrant officer and bounty hunter Sam Chisolm,[22] was renamed from Chris Adams (played by Yul Brynner in the original film).[23] It is Washington's first Western film.[24] Washington did not watch Western films growing up, as it was the end of the Western era in cinema. Moreover, he and his siblings were barred from going to the movies since his father was a minister in a church. They instead grew up watching biblical films like King of Kings and The Ten Commandments. However, he has admitted seeing portions of Rawhide and Bonanza shows.[12][24] Washington did not watch the original film in preparation for this but has watched Seven Samurai.[24] This was an arbitrary decision of his, since he figured that watching the original film would not help him much, "[Not seeing it] allowed me to do whatever I wanted to do. Instead of trying not to do what someone else did."[25][26] As with his previous films, Washington would start off the day by kneeling down and praying, asking for forgiveness for all his wrong-doings. "For me," he said, "this is more than just making movies. It is a platform."[12] Fuqua said that Washington, with whom he has twice collaborated, was his first choice to be cast irrespective of which role. The producers were skeptical whether he would take the job since it was a Western film, but Fuqua flew to New York City to negotiate with Washington, who accepted the offer.[5][9]

text: Chris Pratt described his character Josh Faraday as "a bit of a fox, a trickster. He's a gambler, a drinker. He loves the ladies. But he's deadly in a fire fight."[22] Like Washington, it is also Pratt's first Western film.[24] Pratt began watching Western films at the age of 31 while filming in London, and credits Gary Cooper for revitalizing his perspective towards Western films.[12][24] Fuqua, aware of Pratt's penchant towards Western films, reached out to Pratt, who called back in a few days singing "Oh Shenandoah," to which Fuqua replied, "He's it. He's Steve McQueen."[5]

text: Fuqua's approach to Ethan Hawke's character Goodnight Robicheaux, a former Confederate soldier, was to picture him as if Christopher Walken's character Nikanor "Nick" Chevotarevich in The Deer Hunter was an emotionally shattered Civil War veteran.[27] Hawke was the first person to come on board after the project was finalized.[7] Hawke stumbled upon Fuqua and Washington during the New York premiere of The Equalizer in 2014 and, upon learning that a remake was in the works, he asked Fuqua to cast him in the film.[27] Like Washington, The Magnificent Seven marks the third collaboration between Hawke and Fuqua after Training Day (2001) and Brooklyn's Finest (2009).[27]

text: Manuel Garcia-Rulfo described his character Vasquez, a bandit on the run from the law, as someone who loves gunfighting.[28]

text: Martin Sensmeier auditioned several times to land the role of Red Harvest, a native Comanche warrior.[29][28] Sensmeier stayed off social media and studied intently in order to portray his part.[13] Scotty Augere, who previously worked on Dances with Wolves, taught Sensmeier how to ride a horse bareback and would ride with him two hours a day.[13]

text: Vincent d'Onofrio was cast as mountain man Jack Horn on the urging of co-stars Chris Pratt and Ethan Hawke.[30] For the role, d'Onofrio developed a raw, high-pitched voice to give the impression of a man who'd lived in the wilderness for years without speaking to people. When he asked to test the voice for Fuqua, the director refused to listen, instructing the actor to surprise him with it in his first scene, which resulted in a delighted Fuqua laughing so hard that he almost ruined the take.[31]

text: Music[edit]

text: James Horner was tapped to write the film's score, but he died in June 2015, before filming could commence. In July 2015, Fuqua learned that Horner had already begun working on the music before his passing, and had intended to present it as a surprise.[32] Horner's friend and score producer Simon Franglen co-composed the score afterward. It was released on September 16, 2016 by Sony Classical, and is the third Horner-score released posthumously.[33]

text: Filming[edit]

text: Principal photography on the film lasted 64 days, from March 18 to August 18, 2015, in the north of Baton Rouge, Louisiana.[34][35][36] Other locations include St. Francisville; Zachary, Louisiana; Ridgway, Colorado; and New Mexico.[7][35][36] Filming in St. Francisville was completed between May 18 and May 29, 2015.[37]

text: The climactic battle between the Seven and a small army led by Bogue took three weeks to shoot; the weather was inclement.[7] Sometimes the cast and crew would wait in the on-set saloon for storms to pass, and, at times when the storm would worsen, the trailer would rock and they would have to leave the set.[7] Since his grandmother was the prime influence on the film, every day after filming, Fuqua would ask himself if she would have fun watching it.[8]

text: Release[edit]

text: The film had its world premiere at the 2016 Toronto International Film Festival on September 8, 2016,[38][39] and served as the closing-night film at the Venice Film Festival on September 9, 2016.[40] The film was originally set to be released on January 13, 2017;[41] however in February 2016, Sony Pictures Entertainment moved the release date this time from January 13, 2017, and then to September 23, 2016.[42]

text: Marketing[edit]

text: Sony kicked off its campaign on April 20, 2016, by launching the first trailer,[43] and the cast took to their social media platforms to reveal character-by-character.[44] Television advertisement began during the summer when the trailers were paired with the NBA finals and BET Awards as well as the 2016 Summer Olympics. Sony rounded out the campaign with a presence in live sporting events such as National Football League, NCAA Football and local Major League Baseball as well as highly anticipated fall premieres and original programming, like Empire, The Voice, American Horror Story, Fear the Walking Dead and Designated Survivor.[44]

text: Reception[edit]

text: Box office[edit]

text: The Magnificent Seven grossed $93.4 million in the United States Canada and $68.9 million in other countries for a worldwide total of $162.4 million, against a net production budget of $90 million.[3] The film had a global 2D IMAX opening of $4.3 million from 606 theaters.[45]

text: North America[edit]

text: In the United States and Canada, The Magnificent Seven opened alongside Storks, and was projected to open to around $30 million, with some estimates going as high as $50 million, which would make it one of the biggest September debuts of all-time.[46][47][48][49] The film opened in 3,674 theaters, including having the benefit of playing in all IMAX theaters for one week and a number of premium large formats and D-Box screens.[50] It made $1.75 million from Thursday previews and $12.7 million on its first day.[51][52] The film went on to gross $35.7 million in its opening weekend of which $2.9 million came from 372 IMAX theaters and managed to top the box office and scored the third biggest Western openers (not accounting for inflation), behind Rango ($38.1 million) and Cowboys & Aliens ($36.4 million).[53] It is also director Fuqua's second biggest opening and Washington's third biggest.[54]

text: According to The Los Angeles Times, the film was released in theaters at a time when the Western genre had been struggling to attract wide audiences and accrue lucrative revenues, as it has shown considerable downfall in interest among patrons since the 1970s. The genre has had several recent box office flops such as The Lone Ranger (2013) and Cowboys & Aliens (2011), but has also found success in films like Django Unchained (2012) and True Grit (2010).[47] Its strong debut in North America was partly attributed to the presence of Denzel Washington, who industry analysts say is one of only a handful of movie stars today who consistently draws large audiences to theaters,[55] and also to Fuqua's direction.[56] Deadline.com pointed out that the production budget of films also plays an important role in determining a film's success. By comparison to other recent Western films, The Magnificent cost $90 million to make before promotion and marketing costs are included. The site pointed out that "the trick is keeping their budgets reasonable", unlike The Lone Ranger which cost a hefty $215 million to make and Cowboys & Aliens cost $163 million.[54] It became a financial recoverer for Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer after the studio lost a great deal of money with Ben-Hur the previous month and became the studio's second hit of the year following the sleeper hit Me Before You released in June this year.[57]

text: Outside North America[edit]

text: The film was projected to make around $100 million with foreign box office prognosticators expecting a similar $101.6 million total of The Hateful Eight.[45][54] It was released in South Korea (the first market worldwide) on September 14, 2016 and delivered an opening of $5.1 million, finishing in third place at the box office behind local film The Age of Shadows and Hollywood tent pole Ben-Hur.[58] Internationally, it next opened in the United Kingdom and Ireland, Germany, Spain, and Russia.[48] The following weekend, the film expanded to 62 markets and grossed $19.2 million from 63 markets (including Korea). IMAX made up $1.4 million from 234 theaters.[45]

text: It opened in first place in Russia ($1.8 million) Spain ($1.1 million) and Malaysia ($560,000) and second in the United Kingdom and Ireland ($2.6 million), Germany ($1.4 million) and Brazil ($1.1 million),[45] and had similar openings in Australia ($2.8 million) and France ($1.9 million).[59] China is not yet determined.[45]

text: Critical response[edit]

text: The Magnificent Seven received mixed reviews, with critics praising the cast but noting the film did not offer much that is original or innovative.[60] On review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 63%, based on 274 reviews, with an average rating of 6/10. The site's critical consensus reads, "The Magnificent Seven never really lives up to the superlative in its title – or the classics from which it draws inspiration – but remains a moderately diverting action thriller on its own merits."[61] On Metacritic, which assigns a normalized rating to reviews, the film has a score of 54 out of 100, based on 50 critics, indicating "mixed or average reviews".[62] According to CinemaScore polls, audiences gave the film an average "A–" grade, on an A+ to F scale.[63]

text: IGN critic Terri Schwartz gave the film a 6.7/10 and summarized her review with: "The Magnificent Seven ends up being a bit too predictable to reach its full potential, but the fun the cast clearly had making it allows the movie to be an enjoyable ride while it lasts. Fuqua does his best to update the Western for the modern audience, but doesn't capture what made those films great in the process. The action is big and sleek, the characters are charismatic and the film looks beautiful, but this won't be a movie that stays with you long after you leave the theater.[64]

text: Chicago Sun-Times' Richard Roeper praised the film by giving a score of 3 stars out of 4, writing: "Over all  [sic], this is a rousing, albeit sometimes cheesy, action-packed Western bolstered by Denzel Washington’s baddest-of-the-baddasses lead performance, mostly fine supporting work, and yep, some of the most impressively choreographed extended shootout sequences in recent memory."[65]

text: James Berardinelli of Reelviews gave a score of 2 stars out of 4, writing: "The original The Magnificent Seven found a perfect balance between moments of grand triumph and the understated, solemn denouement. This The Magnificent Seven has the dour ending without the high points preceding it. With two better versions of this story readily available, why bother with this mediocre re-telling? 'Currently recognizable actors' hardly seems like a good justification."[66]

text: MTV's Amy Nicholson decried the film, writing: "Fuqua’s made two clean piles separating good and evil, and in doing so, he’s thrown away the film’s point. Now we can trade our conscience for a bucket of popcorn. Today’s The Magnificent Seven is just another superhero flick that spends half its running time assembling a band of bulletproof daredevils. Which makes sense — the original inspired The Avengers, which published its first comic three years after it was a hit."[67]

text: Peter Travers of Rolling Stone gave the film three out of four stars, saying, "The new Seven isn't aiming for cinema immortality. It's two hours of hardcore, shoot-em-up pow and it's entertaining as hell."[68]

text: Accolades[edit]

text:
Award
Date of ceremony
Category
Recipient(s)
Result
Ref(s)

Alliance of Women Film Journalists
December 21, 2016
Remake or Sequel That Shouldn't Have Been Made
The Magnificent Seven
Nominated
[69]
[70]

Black Reel Awards
February 16, 2017
Outstanding Actor
Denzel Washington
Nominated
[71]

Outstanding Director
Antoine Fuqua
Nominated

Jupiter Awards
March 29, 2017
Best International Film
The Magnificent Seven
Nominated
[72]

Best International Actor
Denzel Washington
Won

Saturn Awards
June 28, 2017
Best Action or Adventure Film
The Magnificent Seven
Nominated
[73]

Teen Choice Awards
July 31, 2016
Choice Movie Actor: AnTEENcipated
Chris Pratt
Nominated
[74]

tag: table


document_title: Freedom of Information Act 2000

question_text: under the freedom of information act 2000 information that can be passed to a requester includes

text: Freedom of Information Act 2000

text: Background[edit]

text: The act implements what was a manifesto commitment of the Labour Party in the 1997 general election. Before its introduction, there had been no right of access to government by the general public, merely a limited voluntary framework for sharing information.

text: The white paper[edit]

text: The act was preceded by a 1998 White paper, Your Right to Know, by Dr David Clark. The White paper was met with widespread enthusiasm,[6] and was described at the time as being "almost too good to be true" by one advocate of freedom of information legislation. The final act was substantially more limited in scope than the initial white paper.[7]

text: Parliamentary debate[edit]

text: A draft Bill was published in May 1999; the Bill was extensively debated in the House of Commons and the House of Lords, and received royal assent in November 2000.

text: Act[edit]

text: Applicability[edit]

text: The Freedom of Information Act creates a statutory right for access to information in relation to bodies that exercise functions of a public nature, three different kinds of bodies are covered under the act. Public Authorities, publicly owned companies and designated bodies performing public functions.

text: Public authorities[edit]

text: In principle, the freedom of information act applies to all "public authorities" within the United Kingdom, a full list of "public authorities" for the purposes of the act is included in Schedule 1. Government departments, the Houses of Parliament, the Northern Ireland Assembly, the Welsh Assembly, the armed forces, local government bodies, National Health Service bodies, schools, colleges and universities, police authorities and Chief Officers of Police are included within this list, which ranges from the Farm Animal Welfare Council to the Youth Council for Northern Ireland. A few government departments are expressly excluded from the scope of the act, principally Intelligence services.

text: As government departments are closed and created, the act must be continually updated. s4 of the Act empowers the Secretary of State for constitutional affairs to add a body or officeholder to Schedule 1 as a public authority if they are created statute or prerogative; and its members are appointed by the government.[8]

text: Hybrid public authorities[edit]

text: It is important to note that for some public authorities listed under Schedule 1, the act has limited effect. For example, the BBC is subject to the act only for information which is not held for the purposes of journalism, art or literature, to prevent its journalistic activities from possible compromise. The scope of this provision was considered in the recent High Court decision of BBC v Sugar an internal BBC document examining the BBC coverage of the Middle East for potential bias. The appellants in that case argued that the document had been produced for both operational and journalistic reasons, and so should not be covered by the partial exemption provided in the act. The High Court rejected this argument; Mr Justice Irwin considered that the meaning of journalism within the act meant that any information held for such purposes was covered by the exemption:

text: My conclusion is that the words in the Schedule mean the BBC has no obligation to disclose information which they hold to any significant extent for the purposes of journalism, art or literature, whether or not the information is also held for other purposes. The words do not mean that the information is disclosable if it is held for purposes distinct from journalism, art or literature, whilst it is also held to any significant extent for those listed purposes. If the information is held for mixed purposes, including to any significant extent the purposes listed in the Schedule or one of them, then the information is not disclosable.

text: A 4:1 majority (Lord Wilson dissenting) of the Supreme Court upheld this decision, stating that the disclosure of any information held for the purposes of journalism, art or literature was to be excluded - even if the information was predominantly held for other purposes.

text: Publicly owned companies[edit]

text: Companies that fall within the definition of a publicly owned company under s6 of the Act automatically fall within its grasp. S6 provides that a company is  publicly owned if:

text: Designated bodies[edit]

text: Under s5 of the act the Secretary of State may designate further bodies as public authorities under the act, provided  that those bodies are exercising a function of a public nature or contracting to provide a service whose provision is a function of a public authority.[9] The first order under section 5 (in November 2011) extended the list of public authorities to also include the Association of Chief Police Officers, the Financial Ombudsman Service and UCAS.[10]

text: Right of Access[edit]

text: The act creates a general right of access, on request, to information held by public authorities. On receipt of a freedom of information claim a public authority has two corresponding duties. First, a duty to inform a member of the public whether or not it holds the information requested (s1(1)(a)), and second, if it does hold that information, to communicate it to the person making that request (s1(1)(b)). As the corollary to this, the Act thus grants the equivalent rights to a confirmation or denial and communication of relevant information to an individual making a request under the act. The basic duty is supplemented by an additional duty to aid individuals in making requests and ensuring that they frame their FOI requests appropriately. (s.16(1))

text: However, there are numerous exemptions. Some of these are absolute bars to disclosure; some are qualified, which means the public authority has to decide whether the public interest in disclosing the relevant information outweighs the public interest in maintaining the exemption. An applicant for information who considers that a request has been wrongly rejected may apply to the Information Commissioner, who has the power to order disclosure. However, such orders can be appealed to a specialist tribunal (the Information Tribunal) and in some circumstances the Government has the power to override orders of the Information Commissioner.

text: Any person can request information under the act; this includes legal entities such as companies. There is no special format for a request. Applicants do not need to mention the Act when making a request. Applicants do not have to give a reason for their request.

text: Exemptions[edit]

text: Although the Act covers a wide range of government information, the act contains a variety of provisions that provide for the exemption from disclosure of certain types of information. The act contains two forms of exemption. "Absolute" exemptions that are not subject to any public interest assessment, they act as absolute bars to the disclosure of information and "qualified" exemptions where a public interest test must be made, balancing the public interest in maintaining the exemption against the public interest in disclosing the information. The original Freedom of Information White Paper proposed only seven such exemptions,[citation needed] but the final Bill included 24.

text: Absolute exemptions[edit]

text: Exemptions designated "absolute exemptions" have no public interest test attached. The act contains eight such exemptions:

text:
Information that is accessible by other means (s.21)
Information belonging to security services (s.23)
Information contained in court records (s.32)
Where disclosure of the information would infringe parliamentary privilege (s.34)
Information held by the House of Commons or the House of Lords, where disclosure would prejudice the effective conduct of public affairs (s.36). (Information that is not held by the Commons or Lords falling under s.36 is subject to the public interest test)
Information which (a) the applicant could obtain under the Data Protection Act 1998; or (b) where release would breach the data protection principles. (s.40)
Information provided in confidence (s.41)
When disclosing the information is prohibited by an enactment; incompatible with a European Union obligation; or would commit a contempt of court (s.44)

text: Qualified exemptions[edit]

text: If information falls within a qualified exemption, it must be subject to a public interest test. Thus, a decision on the application of a qualified exemption operates in two stages. First, a public authority must determine whether or not information is covered by an exemption and then, even if it is covered, the authority must disclose the information unless the application of a public interest test indicated that the public interest favours non-disclosure. Qualified exemptions can be sub-divided into two further categories: class-based exemptions covering information in particular classes, and harm-based exemptions covering situation where disclosure of information would be liable to cause harm.

text: Class-based exemptions[edit]

text:
Information intended for future publication (s.22)
Information which does not fall within s. 23(1) is exempt if required for the purpose of safeguarding national security (s.24)
Information held for purposes of investigations and proceedings conducted by public authorities (s.30)
Information relating to the formation of government policy, ministerial communications, advice from government legal officers, and the operation of any ministerial private office (s.35)
Information that relates to communications with members of the Royal family, and conferring honours (s.37)
Prevents overlap between FoI Act and regulations requiring disclosure of environmental information (s.39)
Information covered by professional legal privilege (s.42)
Trade secrets (s.43(1))

text: Harm-based exemptions[edit]

text: Under these exemptions the exemption applies (subject to the public interest test) if complying with the duty under s.1 would or would be likely to:

text:
Prejudice defence or the capability, effectiveness or security of any relevant forces (s.26)
Prejudice international relations (s.27)
Prejudice relations between any administration in the United Kingdom and any other such administration (s.28)
Prejudice the economic interests of the UK (s.29)
Prejudice law enforcement (e.g., prevention of crime or administration of justice, etc.) (s.31)
Prejudice the auditing functions of any public authorities (s.33)
In the reasonable opinion of a qualified person: prejudice the effective conduct of public affairs; prejudice collective responsibility; or inhibit the free and frank provision of advice or exchange of views (s.36)
Endanger physical or mental health, or endanger the safety of the individual (s.38)
Prejudice commercial interests (s.43(2))

text: Refusing requests[edit]

text: Vexatious requests[edit]

text: A public authority is not obliged to comply with a request for information if the request is vexatious.(s14(1)) A request is considered vexatious if it is ‘obsessive or manifestly unreasonable’, harasses the authority or causes distress to its staff, imposes a significant burden, or if the request lacks any serious value.[11]

text: Implementing the act[edit]

text: The Act affects over 100,000 public bodies including government departments, schools and councils. The Act came into force in phases, with the final "general right of access" to public information under the Act coming into force on 1 January 2005.[3][12] As well as the "general right of access", the Act places a duty on public authorities to adopt and maintain pro-active "publication schemes" for the routine release of important information (such as annual reports and accounts). These publication schemes must be approved by the Information Commissioner. In general, public authorities have 20 working days to respond to an information request, though this deadline can be extended in certain cases and/or with the agreement of the requester. Under the Act, public authorities are encouraged to enter into a dialogue with the requester to better determine the information they want, and the format they want it in - in itself, a change in the way UK authorities interact with the public. Requests can be refused if they cost more than £600, including time spent searching for files.[5] The UK Government established the Access to Information Central Clearing House in order to ensure consistency across Central Government in the way requests are handled.

text: Unusual features[edit]

text: Three features of the UK Freedom of Information Act deserve special mention, as they differ from the position in many other countries.

text:
Requests by individuals for access to their own personal information are dealt with outside the act for most practical purposes. They are dealt with under the Data Protection Act 1998 once it has been determined that the exemption for first party personal data is engaged, although some key provisions remain applicable e.g. the right of complaint to the Information Commissioner.
Requests for information about matters concerning the environment are dealt with by the Environmental Information Regulations 2004. Those regulations, while similar to the FOIA, do differ in a number of ways.
There is no procedure whereby third parties can challenge a decision by a public authority to disclose information: for instance, if a commercial organisation provides information to a public authority, and the authority discloses that information in response to an FOI Act request, the commercial organisation has no right of appeal against that decision. By contrast, "reverse FOI" applications of this type are common in the U.S.

tag: ol

text: Reception[edit]

text: At the time of the passing of the Act, advocates of freedom of information legislation were critical of the bill for its complexity, limited scope and the inclusion of a ministerial veto. Lord Mackay criticised the bill in the House of Lords as "toothless" for its inclusion of a provisions allowing ministers to veto applications.[13]

text: By contrast, the former prime minister (Tony Blair) responsible for passing the Act regards it as "One of the biggest mistakes of his career". He says that "For political leaders, it's like saying to someone who is hitting you over the head with a stick, 'Hey, try this instead', and handing them a mallet. The information is neither sought because the journalist is curious to know, nor given to bestow knowledge on 'the people'. It's used as a weapon."[14] Labour peer Lord Falconer has criticised the use of the act by journalists for "fishing expeditions" into salacious stories, arguing that "FoI is not for press[,] it is for the people. It needs to be properly used in order to promote good Government. Information needs to be handled responsibly, and I strongly believe that there is a duty of responsibility on behalf of the media as well."[15]

text: In the article Freedom of Information: A sheep in wolf's clothing? Rodney Austin offers the following criticisms of the substance of the Act:

text:
The range of exemptions is wider than for any other freedom of information act existing in a democratic state.
The obligations to establish publication schemes were diluted meaning that there is no duty to publish information of any specified type.
There is a ministerial veto which undermines the Act.  This has been used five times: the first time to stop publication of minutes of cabinet meetings relating to the invasion of Iraq,[16] the second and third time by successive governments to stop publication of cabinet meetings relating to discussions regarding devolution,[17][18] the fourth to stop publication of a risk register on NHS overhaul in England,[19] and the fifth to stop publication of private letters Charles, Prince of Wales sent to a number of government departments.[20]

text: The legislation has also been criticised for "loopholes" that allow authorities to avoid disclosing information in certain situations. Companies owned by one public authority are generally subject to the Act but companies owned by two or more public authorities are not covered.[21][22]

text: Facts revealed by the act[edit]

text: Facts that have been brought to light by this Act include:

text:
The Government agreed to a £1.5 million bailout of one of the most troubled schools in its flagship academies programme ten days before the 2005 general election.[23]
Ministers and MPs claimed thousands of pounds on taxis as part of £5.9 million in expenses for travel.[23]
Foreign diplomats – who have diplomatic immunity – were accused of rapes, sexual assaults, child abuse and murders while working in Britain.[23]
Seventy-four police officers serving with the Metropolitan Police have criminal records.[23]
A clandestine British torture programme existed in post-war Germany, “reminiscent of the concentration camps”.[23]
The UK supported the Israeli nuclear weapons program, by selling Israel 20 tonnes of heavy water in 1958.[24]
The NHS has made available Implanon implants to girls from the age of 13 in an attempt to cut teenage pregnancies.[23]

text: Amendment bill[edit]

text: The Freedom of Information (Amendment) Bill was a private member's bill introduced to the British House of Commons in 2007 which failed to become law. Conservative MP David Maclean introduced the bill to ensure that MPs' correspondence was exempt from freedom of information laws. The then leader of the Liberal Democrats, Sir Menzies Campbell, said there should not "be one law for MPs and a different law for everyone else" and that the Bill might make it appear as though "Parliament has something to hide".[25] However, this failed to pass the first reading in the House of Lords.

text: Further to this, Lord Falconer made comments suggesting that time spent deciding whether or not information fell under an exemption clause should be included in the £600 cost limit. Consultation was carried out, with the government saying the change would cut costs and discourage requests for trivial information,[26] although critics said that it was to keep embarrassing information secret.[5][27][28]


document_title: Treebeard

question_text: who voices the tree in lord of the rings

text: Treebeard

text: Literature[edit]

text: Spirits were sent by Eru Ilúvatar to inhabit the trees, which the Vala Yavanna had created along with other plants or olvar. The Vala longed for their protection since Morgoth or Melkor was destroying the trees and olvar, which could not defend themselves from him. The Ents were created by Ilúvatar at the behest of Yavanna as the Shepherds of the Forest or Tree-herders. Entwives were also created for the Ents, but, in the Second Age, were driven out by Sauron.[2][3][4]

text: Treebeard is the oldest of three remaining original Ents.[2][5] He is said to have once roamed all of the forests in Middle-earth, which included the Misty Mountains, Mirkwood, Mordor, and the Blue Mountains. After the loss of the Entwives by the end of the Third Age, he and the remaining Ents dwelt in the Forest of Fangorn. This led the remaining Ents into isolation and all information from the outside world was cut off.[2] The arrival of Merry and Pippin shifted Treebeard's attention to take action against Saruman for hacking down his trees. He led the Ents to war against Saruman and his Orcs. Treebeard later realised that while Saruman had learned much from him, the Wizard had shared no useful information of his own.[2]

text: a large Man-like figure, at least fourteen foot high, very sturdy, with a tall head, and hardly any neck. Whether it was clad in stuff like green and grey bark, or whether that was its hide, was difficult to say. Arms, at a short distance from the trunk, were not wrinkled, but covered with a brown smooth skin. The large feet had seven toes each. Grey beard, deep brown eyes, shot with a green light.”

text: Treebeard had been friends with Saruman. It is described in The Two Towers that Saruman visited Treebeard in Fangorn Forest and had talked with him on various subjects of concern. Saruman gathered information from Treebeard about the Forest of Fangorn; its intertwining paths were of particular concern to him.[2]

text: After Merry and Pippin's meeting with Treebeard, Treebeard called an Entmoot, which lasted three days, to decide to call an attack on Isengard and Saruman.[2][3][5] Since Leaflock and Skinbark were the oldest of the Ents along with Treebeard, they refused to fight, however, Treebeard thought he was going to his doom during "the last march of the Ents."[2][5] Treebeard hoped that some of the younger Ents would come instead of just the two, and, during the night he spread the word. They later launched an assault on Isengard.[2][3][5]

text: After Treebeard ordered the Ents to march to Isengard, the Ents felled Saruman's walls and destroyed every object in and around Isengard; the Tower of Orthanc could not be breached, but Saruman was trapped within. Treebeard stopped the attack on the tower when he realised their efforts were in vain; the tower was too strong. The Ents were ordered to unleash the waters of the River Isen, which flooded Isengard.[3] When Merry and Pippin departed Treebeard he requested them to watch for the Entwives.[2] At one point in the book, Tolkien gives hints on the whereabouts of the Entwives. It is speculated[according to whom?] that they were spotted by Samwise Gamgee's cousin Hal in the North Farthing. However, this may or may not be conjecture:

text: But what about these Tree-men, these giants, as you might call them? They do say that one bigger than a tree was seen up away beyond the North Moors not long back ... But this one was as big as an elm tree, and walking – walking seven yards to a stride, if it was an inch.

text: In the Years of the Trees where the Ents were thriving in 1495 Morgoth had re-established his realm in Middle-earth.[2] With this the Entwives had moved across to the east where Anduin lay.[2] Treebeard's Entwife Fimbrethil was driven from her land and the two were separated forever. This may have been the dominant cause of the loss of the Entwives and the loss of the Entings.[2][7]

text: The Elven-realm Lothlórien was situated near the North of Fangorn Forest and Treebeard had met the Lord and Lady of the Galadhrim of Lothlórien, who refer to him as "Eldest".[2][8] Over time the Ents and the Elves separated and the Elves had nothing more to do with the business of Ents.[2][8]

text: Portrayal in adaptations[edit]

text: This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (March 2008) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

text: Treebeard has inspired a number of artists and illustrators such as Inger Edelfeldt, John Howe,[9] Ted Nasmith,[10] Anke Eißmann,[11] and Alan Lee.[12]

text: In Ralph Bakshi's 1978 animated adaptation of The Lord of the Rings, John Westbrook provided the voice of Treebeard.[13] Stephen Thorne voiced the character in BBC Radio's 1981 serialization.[14] Treebeard was originated onstage by Brian Amidei in the Lifeline Theatre's 1999 production of The Two Towers.[citation needed]

text: In Peter Jackson's films The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers (2002) and The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King (2003), Treebeard is a combination of a large animatronic model and a CGI construct; his voice is performed by John Rhys-Davies, who also portrays Gimli. In The Two Towers, Merry and Pippin run into the Fangorn Forest in an attempt to escape a band of Uruk-hai and orcs that kidnapped them. There, they are pursued by one orc. Treebeard awakens, crushes the orc, and takes Merry and Pippin to the "White Wizard" (later revealed to be a revived Gandalf) to see if they were "little orcs" or not. Assured that they are not orcs, Treebeard keeps the hobbits with him for safety. The Ents at the Entmoot decline Merry and Pippin's request for help. Treebeard is carrying the Hobbits through Fangorn Forest when Pippin gets an idea: he asks Treebeard to carry them toward Isengard, because that is the "last place" Saruman would look for them. When Treebeard gets close to the forest's edge, he sees the devastation wrought by Saruman's Orcs. The trees have all been hacked down to serve as fuel for Saruman's war machines. In anger, Treebeard summons the other Ents, who emerge from the forest. They attack Isengard and flood it. Treebeard, in addition, sends the Huorns to attack Saruman's Orcs as they retreated from Helm's Deep. In a deleted scene, Treebeard mentions to the hobbits about the Entwives and how they literally were lost. He also rescues them from a tree that holds them captive (similar to a scene in the novel of The Fellowship of the Ring, with Tom Bombadil).

text: Treebeard makes a brief appearance in The Return of the King, keeping watch over Isengard with Merry and Pippin as Théoden, Gandalf, Legolas, Gimli, and Aragorn arrive to pick up the two hobbits.

text: A 6-metre-high sculpture of Treebeard by Tolkien's great-nephew Tim Tolkien was built in Birmingham, where Tolkien grew up.[15] There is also a statue of an Ent, which looks very similar to Treebeard, in Grizedale Forest, Cumbria.

text: Treebeard also makes an appearance in The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers video game as an unplayable character. Treebeard is also a temporary playable character in the game Lego The Lord of the Rings.

text: In the Battle for Middle-earth series of video games, Treebeard appears as a purchasable hero for the forces of light.

text: In the Top Trumps games franchise card game the age stated of Treebeard is 17,051 years.

text: On the Dawn in Rivendell (the Tolkien Ensemble) compact disc, Treebeard is voiced by Christopher Lee.