document_title: United States twenty-dollar bill

question_text: who appeared on the american $20 bill in 1875

question_tokens: who appeared on the american $ 20 bill in 1875

text: United States twenty-dollar bill

text: Pre–Federal Reserve history[edit]

text: This section does not cite any sources. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (July 2008) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

text:
1861: A demand note with Lady Liberty holding a sword and shield on the front, and an abstract design on the back. The back is printed green.
1862: A note that is very similar, the first $20 United States note. The back is different, with several small variations extant.
1863: A gold certificate $20 note with an Eagle vignette on the face. The reverse has a $20 gold coin and various abstract elements. The back is orange.
1865: A national bank note with "The Battle of Lexington" and Pocahontas's marriage to John Rolfe in black, and a green border.
1869: A new United States note design, with Alexander Hamilton on the left side of the front and Victory holding a shield and sword. The back design is green.
1875: As above, except with a different reverse.
1878: A silver certificate $20 note with a portrait of Stephen Decatur on the right side of the face. The back design is black.
1882: A new gold certificate, with a portrait of James Garfield on the right of the face. The back is orange and features an eagle.
1882: A new national bank note. The front is similar, but the back is different and printed in brown.
1886: A new silver certificate $20 note, with Daniel Manning on the center of the face.
1890: A treasury (coin) note with John Marshall on the left of the face. Two different backs exist both with abstract designs.
1902: A new national bank note. The front features Hugh McCulloch, and the back has a vignette of an allegorical America.
1905: A new gold certificate $20 note, with George Washington on the center of the face. The back design is orange.

text: Federal Reserve history[edit]

text: Andrew Jackson first appeared on the $20 bill in 1928. Although 1928 coincides with the 100th anniversary of Jackson's election as president, it is not clear why the portrait on the bill was switched from Grover Cleveland to Jackson. (Cleveland's portrait was moved to the new $1000 bill the same year). According to the U.S. Treasury, "Treasury Department records do not reveal the reason that portraits of these particular statesmen were chosen in preference to those of other persons of equal importance and prominence."[4]

text: The placement of Jackson on the $20 bill may be a historical irony; as president, he vehemently opposed both the National Bank and paper money and made the goal of his administration the destruction of the National Bank.[5][6] In his farewell address to the nation, he cautioned the public about paper money.[7]

text:
1914: Began as a large-sized note, a portrait of Grover Cleveland on the face, and, on the back, a steam locomotive and an automobile approaching from the left, and a steamship approaching from the right.
1918: A federal reserve banknote with Grover Cleveland on the front, and a back design similar to the 1914 Federal Reserve Note.
1928: Switched to a small-sized note with a portrait of Andrew Jackson on the face and the south view of the White House on the reverse. The banknote is redeemable in gold or silver (at the bearer's discretion) at any Federal Reserve Bank.
1933: With the U.S. having abandoned the gold standard, the bill is no longer redeemable in gold, but rather in "lawful money", meaning silver.
1942: A special emergency series, with brown serial numbers and "HAWAII" overprinted on both the front and the back, is issued. These notes are designed to circulate on the islands and be deemed invalid in the event of a Japanese invasion.
1948: The White House picture was updated to reflect renovations to the building itself, including the addition of the Truman Balcony, as well as the passage of time. Most notably, the trees are larger.
1950: Design elements like the serial numbers are reduced in size and moved around subtly, presumably for aesthetic reasons.
1963: "Will Pay To The Bearer On Demand" is removed from the front of the bill below the portrait, and the legal tender designation is shortened to "This note is legal tender for all debts, public and private" (eliminating "and is redeemable in lawful money at the United States Treasury, or at any Federal Reserve Bank.") Also, "In God We Trust" is added above the White House on the reverse. These two acts (one taking U.S. currency off the silver backing, and the other authorizing the national motto) are coincidental, even if their combined result is implemented in one redesign. Also, several design elements are rearranged, less perceptibly than the change in 1950, mostly to make room for the slightly rearranged obligations.
1969: The new treasury seal appears on all denominations, including the $20.
1977: A new type of serial-number press results in a slightly different font. The old presses are gradually retired, and old-style serial numbers appear as late as 1981 for this denomination.
1992: Anti-counterfeiting features are added: microprinting around the portrait, and a plastic strip embedded in the paper. Even though the bills read Series 1990, the first bills were printed in April 1992.[8]
September 24, 1998: Received a completely new appearance to further deter counterfeiting; the picture of the White House was changed to the north side view. A larger, off-center portrait of Jackson was used on the front, and several anti-counterfeiting features were added, including color-shifting ink, microprinting, and a watermark. The plastic strip now reads "USA 20" and glows green under a black light.[9] The bills were first printed in June 1998.[10]
October 9, 2003:[11] The current series of 20 dollar bills is released with light background shading in green and yellow, and no oval around Andrew Jackson's portrait (background images of eagles, etc. were also added to the front); the back is the same view of the White House, but without the oval around it. Ninety faint "20"s are scattered on the back in yellow as a "EURion constellation" to prevent photocopying. The first issue's series date is 2004 with Marin-Snow signatures. The bills were first printed in April 2003.[12]

text: Proposal for a woman's portrait[edit]

text: In a campaign called "Women on 20s", selected voters were asked to choose three of 15 female candidates to have a portrait on the $20 bill. The goal was to have a woman on the $20 bill by 2020, the centennial of the 19th Amendment which gave women the right to vote.[13] Among the candidates on the petition were Harriet Tubman, Eleanor Roosevelt, Rosa Parks, and Wilma Mankiller, the first female chief of the Cherokee Nation.[14][15][16]

text: On May 12, 2015, Tubman was announced as the winning candidate of that "grassroots" poll with more than 600,000 people surveyed and more than 118,000 choosing Tubman, followed by Roosevelt, Parks and Mankiller.[17]

text: On June 17, 2015, then-Treasury Secretary Jack Lew announced that a woman's portrait would be featured on a redesigned $10 bill by 2020, replacing Alexander Hamilton.[18] However, that decision was reversed, at least in part due to Hamilton's surging popularity following the hit Broadway musical Hamilton.[19]

text: On April 20, 2016, Lew officially announced that Alexander Hamilton would remain on the $10 bill, while Andrew Jackson would be replaced by Tubman on the front of the $20 bill, with Jackson appearing on the reverse.[20][21][22] Lew simultaneously announced that the five- and ten-dollar bills would also be redesigned in the coming years and put into production in the next decade.[20][22]

text: On August 31, 2017, Treasury Secretary Steven Mnuchin said that he would not commit to putting Tubman on the twenty-dollar bill, explaining "People have been on the bills for a long period of time. This is something we’ll consider; right now we have a lot more important issues to focus on."[23]


document_title: French intervention in Mexico

question_text: who did france choose to be the emperor of mexico

root

text: French intervention in Mexico

text: 1862: French invasion[edit]

text: The British, Spanish and French fleets arrived at Veracruz, between 8 and 17 December 1861 intending to pressure the Mexicans into settling their debts.[12] The Spanish fleet seized San Juan de Ulúa and subsequently the capital Veracruz[12] on 17 December. The European forces advanced to Orizaba, Cordoba and Tehuacán, as they had agreed in the Convention of Soledad.[12] The city of Campeche surrendered to the French fleet on 27 February 1862, and a French army, commanded by General Lorencez, arrived on 5 March. When the Spanish and British realised the French ambition was to conquer Mexico, they withdrew their forces on 9 April, their troops leaving on 24 April. In May, the French man-of-war Bayonnaise blockaded Mazatlán for a few days.

tag: p

text: Mexican forces commanded by General Ignacio Zaragoza defeated the French army in the Battle of Puebla on 5 May 1862 (commemorated by the Cinco de Mayo holiday). The pursuing Mexican army was contained by the French at Orizaba, Veracruz, on 14 June. More French troops arrived on 21 September, and General Bazaine arrived with French reinforcements on 16 October. The French occupied the port of Tampico on 23 October, and unopposed by Mexican forces took control of Xalapa, Veracruz on 12 December.[citation needed]

text: The Battle of Puebla, 5 May 1862

tag: ul

text: 1863: The French take the capital[edit]

text: The French bombarded Veracruz on 15 January 1863. Two months later, on 16 March, General Forey and the French Army began the siege of Puebla.

text: On 30 April, the French Foreign Legion earned its fame in the Battle of Camarón (or Camerone in French), when an infantry patrol unit of 62 soldiers and three officers, led by the one-handed Captain Jean Danjou, was attacked and besieged by Mexican infantry and cavalry units numbering three battalions, about 3000 men. They were forced to make a defence in a nearby hacienda. Danjou was mortally wounded at the hacienda, and his men mounted an almost suicidal bayonet attack, fighting to nearly the last man; only three French Legionnaires survived. To this day, the anniversary of 30 April remains the most important day of celebration for Legionnaires.

text: The French army of General François Achille Bazaine defeated the Mexican army led by General Comonfort in its campaign to relieve the siege of Puebla, at San Lorenzo, to the south of Puebla. Puebla surrendered to the French shortly afterward, on 17 May. On 31 May, President Juárez fled the city with his cabinet, retreating northward to Paso del Norte and later to Chihuahua. Having taken the treasure of the state with them, the government-in-exile remained in Chihuahua until 1867.

text: French troops under Bazaine entered Mexico City on 7 June 1863. The main army entered the city three days later led by General Forey. General Almonte was appointed the provisional President of Mexico on 16 June, by the Superior Junta (which had been appointed by Forey). The Superior Junta with its 35 members met on 21 June, and proclaimed a Catholic Empire on 10 July. The crown was offered to Maximilian, following pressures by Napoleon. Maximilian accepted the crown on 3 October, at the hands of the Comisión Mexicana, sent by the Superior Junta.

text: 1864: Arrival of Maximilian[edit]

text: On 28 and 31 March 1864, men from the French man-of-war Cordelière tried to take Mazatlán, but were initially repelled by Mexicans commanded by Colonel Gaspar Sánchez Ochoa.

text: The French under Bazaine occupied Guadalajara on 6 January 1864, and troops under Douay occupied Zacatecas on 6 February. Further decisive French victories continued with the fall of Acapulco on 3 June, occupation of Durango on 3 July, and the defeat of republicans in the states of Sinaloa and Jalisco in November.

text: Maximilian formally accepted the crown on 10 April, signing the Treaty of Miramar, and landed at Veracruz on 28 May (or possibly 29 May) 1864 in the SMS Novara. He was enthroned as Maximilian, Emperor of Mexico, with his wife Charlotte of Belgium, known by the Spanish form of her name, Carlota. In reality, Maximilian was a puppet monarch of the Second French Empire.

text: Maximilian expressed progressive European political ideas, favouring the establishment of a limited monarchy sharing powers with a democratically elected congress. He inspired passage of laws to abolish child labour, limit working hours, and abolish a system of land tenancy that virtually amounted to serfdom among the Indians. This was too liberal to please Mexico's conservatives, and the nation's liberals refused to accept a monarch, leaving Maximilian with few enthusiastic allies within Mexico.

text: On Sunday, 13 November 1864, three French men-of-war (Victoire, D'Assas and Diamante) shelled Mazatlán 13 times, and Imperial Mexican forces under Manuel Lozada entered and captured the city.

text: 1865: Beginning of Republican victories[edit]

text: The French continued with victories in 1865, with Bazaine capturing Oaxaca on 9 February (defeating the city's defenders under General Porfirio Díaz). The French fleet landed soldiers who captured Guaymas on 29 March.

text: But on 11 April, republicans defeated Imperial forces at Tacámbaro in Michoacán. In April and May the republicans had many forces in the states of Sinaloa and Chihuahua. Most towns along the Rio Grande were also occupied by republicans. The Belgian volunteers were defeated by the republicans at the Second Battle of Tacámbaro on 11 July.

text: The decree known as the "Black Decree" was issued by Maximilian on 3 October, which threatened any Mexican captured in the war with immediate execution. This was later the basis for the next government to order his own execution. Several high-ranking republican officials were executed under this order on 21 October.

text: 1859–1867: U.S. diplomacy and involvement[edit]

text: As early as 1859, U.S. and Mexican efforts to ratify the McLane-Ocampo Treaty had failed in the bitterly divided U.S. Senate, where tensions were high between the North and the South over other issues. Such a treaty would have allowed U.S. construction in Mexico and protection from European forces in exchange for a payment of $4 million to the heavily indebted government of Benito Juárez. On December 3, 1860, President James Buchanan had delivered a speech stating his displeasure at being unable to secure Mexico from European interference:

text: European governments would have been deprived of all pretext to interfere in the territorial and domestic concerns of Mexico. We should have thus been relieved from the obligation of resisting, even by force, should this become necessary, any attempt of these governments to deprive our neighboring republic of portions of her territory, a duty from which we could not shrink without abandoning the traditional and established policy of the American people.[13]

text: United States policy did not change during the French occupation as it had to use its resources for the American Civil War, which lasted 1861 to 1865. President Abraham Lincoln expressed his sympathy to Latin American republics against any European attempt to establish a monarchy. Shortly after the establishment of the Imperial government in April 1864, United States Secretary of State William H. Seward, while maintaining U.S. neutrality, expressed U.S. discomfort at the imposition of a monarchy in Mexico: "Nor can the United States deny that their own safety and destiny to which they aspire are intimately dependent on the continuance of free republican institutions throughout America."[14]

text: On April 4, 1864, Congress passed a joint resolution:

text: "Resolved, &c., That the Congress of the United States are unwilling, by silence, to leave the nations of the world under the impression that they are indifferent spectators of the deplorable events now transpiring in the Republic of Mexico; and they therefore think fit to declare that it does not accord with the policy of the United States to acknowledge a monarchical government, erected on the ruins of any republican government in America, under the auspices of any European power."[15]

text: Near the end of the American Civil War, representatives at the 1865 Hampton Roads Conference briefly discussed a proposal for a North-South reconciliation by a joint action against the French in Mexico. In 1865, through the selling of Mexican bonds by Mexican agents in the United States, the Juarez Administration raised between $16-million and $18-million dollars for the purchase of American war material.[16] Between 1865 and 1868, General Herman Sturm acted as an agent to deliver guns and ammunition to the Mexican Republic lead by Juarez.[17] In 1866 General Philip Sheridan was in charge of transferring additional supplies and weapons to the Liberal army, including some 30,000 rifles directly from the Baton Rouge Arsenal in Louisiana.[18]

text: By 1867, Seward shifted American policy from thinly veiled sympathy to the republican government of Juárez to open threat of war to induce a French withdrawal. Seward had invoked the Monroe Doctrine and later stated in 1868, "The Monroe Doctrine, which eight years ago was merely a theory, is now an irreversible fact."[19]

text: 1866: French withdrawal and Republican victories[edit]

text: In 1866, choosing Franco-American relations over his Mexican monarchy ambitions, Napoleon III announced the withdrawal of French forces beginning 31 May. The Republicans won a series of crippling victories taking immediate advantage of the end of French military support to the Imperial troops, occupying Chihuahua on 25 March[citation needed], taking Guadalajara on 8 July[citation needed], further capturing Matamoros, Tampico and Acapulco in July[citation needed]. Napoleon III urged Maximilian to abandon Mexico and evacuate with the French troops. The French evacuated Monterrey on 26 July[citation needed], Saltillo on 5 August[citation needed], and the whole state of Sonora in September[citation needed]. Maximilian's French cabinet members resigned on 18 September[citation needed]. The Republicans defeated imperial troops in the Battle of Miahuatlán in Oaxaca in October, occupying the whole of Oaxaca in November, as well as parts of Zacatecas, San Luis Potosí and Guanajuato. On 6 December the Austrian and Belgian volunteers disbanded and were supposed to join the Mexican Army; however, 3500 of the 4648 volunteers did not enlist, and tried to flee the country.

text: On 13 November, Ramón Corona and the French agreed to terms for the withdrawal of the latter forces from Mazatlán. At noon, the Europeans boarded three men-of-war, Rhin, Marie and Talisman and departed.

text: 1867: Republican triumph, execution of Maximilian[edit]

text: The Republicans occupied the rest of the states of Zacatecas, San Luis Potosí and Guanajuato in January. The French evacuated the capital on 5 February.

text: On 13 February 1867, Maximilian withdrew to Querétaro. The Republicans began a siege of the city on 9 March, and Mexico City on 12 April. An imperial sortie from Querétaro failed on 27 April.

text: On 11 May, Maximilian resolved to try to escape through the enemy lines. He was intercepted on 15 May. Following a court-martial, he was sentenced to death. Many of the crowned heads of Europe and other prominent figures (including liberals Victor Hugo and Giuseppe Garibaldi) sent telegrams and letters to Mexico pleading for Maximilian's life to be spared, but Juárez refused to commute the sentence. He believed he had to send a strong message that Mexico would not tolerate any government imposed by foreign powers.

text: Maximilian was executed on 19 June (along with his generals Miguel Miramón and Tomás Mejía) on the Cerro de las Campanas, a hill on the outskirts of Querétaro, by the forces loyal to President Benito Juárez, who had kept the federal government functioning during the French intervention. Mexico City surrendered the day after Maximilian was executed.

text: The republic was restored, and President Juárez was returned to power in the national capital. He made few changes in policy, given that the progressive Maximilian had upheld most of Juárez's liberal reforms.

text: After the victory, the Conservative party was so thoroughly discredited by its alliance with the invading French troops that it effectively became defunct. The Liberal party was almost unchallenged as a political force during the first years of the "restored republic". In 1871, however, Juárez was re-elected to yet another term as president in spite of a constitutional prohibition of re-elections.

text: Porfirio Díaz (a Liberal general and a hero of the French war, but increasingly conservative in outlook), one of the losing candidates, launched a rebellion against the president. Supported by conservative factions within the Liberal party, the attempted revolt (the so-called Plan de la Noria) was already at the point of defeat when Juárez died in office on 19 July 1872, making it a moot point. Díaz ran against interim president Sebastián Lerdo de Tejada, lost the election, and retired to his hacienda in Oaxaca. Four years later, in 1876, when Lerdo ran for re-election, Díaz launched a second, successful revolt (the Plan de Tuxtepec) and captured the presidency. He held it through eight terms until 1911, a period when he jailed many political opponents at the fort off Veracruz.

text: Divisions and disembarkation of allied troops[edit]

text: French expeditionary force, 31 December 1862[edit]

text: At its peak in 1863, the French expeditionary force counted 38,493 men[5] :740 (which represented 6.25% of the French army).[20] 6,654[6] :231 French died, including 4,830 from disease.[6]:231 Among these losses, 1,918 of the deaths were from the regiment of the French Foreign Legion.[21]:267

text: Général de Division Forey

text:
1ère Division d'Infanterie (GdD Bazaine)

1ère Brigade (GdB de Castagny)

18e Bataillon de Chasseurs
1er Régiment de Zouaves
81e Régiment de Ligne

2e Brigade (GdB ?)

20e Bataillon de Chasseurs
3ème Régiment de Zouaves
95e Régiment d'Infanterie légère
Bataillon de Tirailleurs algériens

2x Marine artillery batteries

2e Division d'Infanterie (GdB Douay – acting)

1ère Brigade (Col Hellier – acting)

1er Bataillon de Chasseurs
2e Régiment de Zouaves
99e Régiment d'Infanterie légère

2e Brigade (GdB Berthier)

7e Bataillon de Chasseurs
51e Régiment de Ligne
62e Régiment de Ligne

2x Army artillery batteries

Brigade de Cavallerie (GdB de Mirandol)

1er Régiment de Marche (2 squadrons each of 1er and 2e Chasseurs d'Afrique)
2e Régiment de Marche (2 squadrons each of 3e Chasseurs d'Afrique and 12e Chasseurs)

Naval Brigade

Bataillon de Fusiliers-Marins
2e Régiment d'Infanterie de Marine

text: [22]:95–96 Not yet arrived:

text:
7e Régiment de Ligne (2000 men)[23]
1e Régiment Étranger (4000 men)[23]
2e Bataillon d'Infanterie legère d'Afrique (900 men)[23]
Bataillon Egyptien
det/ 5e Régiment de Hussards

text: Belgian Voluntary Troops 1864–65[edit]

text:
Bataillon de l'Impératrice Charlotte (grenadiers)
Bataillon Roi des Belges (voltigeurs)

text: 16 October 1864

text:
1st Grenadier Company

4 Officers, 16 Non-commissioned officers, 125 grenadiers, 6 musicians, 1 canteener

2nd Grenadier Company "Bataillon de l'Impératrice"

4 Officers, 16 Non-commissioned officers, 122 grenadiers, 4 musicians, 1 canteener

1st voltigeur Company

4 Officers, 16 Non-commissioned officers, 122 voltigeurs, 4 musicians, 1 canteener

2nd voltigeur Company

4 Officers, 16 Non-commissioned officers, 121 voltigeurs, 4 musicians, 1 canteener

text: 14 November 1864

text:
3rd Grenadier Company

4 Officers, 16 Non-commissioned officers, 68 grenadiers, 6 musicians, 1 canteener

4th Grenadier Company

4 Officers, 15 Non-commissioned officers, 67 grenadiers, 6 musicians, 1 canteener

3rd voltigeur Company

3 Officers, 16 Non-commissioned officers, 61 voltigeurs, 3 musicians, 1 canteener

4th voltigeur Company

3 Officers, 15 Non-commissioned officers, 69 voltigeurs, 4 musicians, 1 canteener

text: 16 December 1864

text:
5th Grenadier Company
6th Grenadier Company
5th voltigeur Company
6th voltigeur Company

Defense of the Belgian battalion in the Battle of Tacámbaro.

362 volunteers

text: 27 January 1865

text: 189 volunteers

text: 15 April 1866

text:
1st Mounted Company

70–80 horsemen (formed from Regiment "Impératrice Charlotte")

text: 16 July 1866

text:
2nd Mounted Company

70–80 horsemen (formed from Regiment "Roi des Belges")

text: Austrian Voluntary Corps December 1864[edit]

text:
159 officers
403 infantry and jägers
366 hussars
16 uhlans
67 bombardiers
30 pioneers
several doctors

text: Egyptian Auxiliary Corps January 1863[edit]

text: 447 men (including troops serving in Sudan) who were placed under the command of French commandant Mangin of the Third Zouaves Regiment:[5]:215[2]

text:
A battalion commander
A captain
A lieutenant
8 sergeants
15 corporals
359 soldiers
39 recruits
459 Camel Cavalry
13 Canon Elephants
29 Coptic Knights
17 War Hounds

text: Spanish Expeditionary Force January 1862[edit]

text:
5373 infantry (two brigades)
26 pieces of artillery,
490 bombardiers
208 engineers
100 administrators
173 cavalry


document_title: iPad (4th generation)

question_text: what kind of ipad is model md511ll/a

question_tokens: what kind of ipad is model md511ll / a

text: iPad (4th generation)

text: History[edit]

text: Rumors regarding the next-generation iPad emerged shortly after the release of the third-generation iPad. At that point some speculated that the next iPad released would be of a smaller size.[18] Further speculations emerged in July 2012 when DigiTimes, with the help of unspecified sources, claimed that Apple made small revisions to the then upcoming iPad and scheduled its release for late 2012.[19][20] On October 16, 2012, Apple announced a media event scheduled for October 23 at the California Theatre in San Jose, California.[21] The company did not pre-disclose the subject of the event, but it was widely expected to be regarding the iPad Mini.[22] Photographic images of the device's dock connector and front camera emerged shortly before the media event.[23]

text: At the media event, Apple CEO Tim Cook introduced a new version of iBooks and new generations of the MacBook Pro, Mac Mini, and the iMac before unveiling the fourth-generation iPad and the lower-end iPad Mini.[24] During the unveiling, Apple stated that the fourth-generation iPad would be available to pre-order online in a selected number of countries starting October 26.[25] On November 2, Apple released the Wi-Fi model of device in 35 countries across Europe, East Asia and North America. The cellular model was released in-store a few weeks after the initial release of the device.[25]

text: The release of the fourth-generation iPad led to the discontinuation of its predecessor, which angered many third-generation iPad users.[24] In response, Apple extended its 14-day return policy to 30 days. ITProPortal noted that, since the price of both models is identical, consumers that purchased the third-generation iPad within this time frame were effectively allowed to exchange their discontinued device for the fourth-generation model.[26]

text: On January 29, 2013, Apple announced and scheduled the launch of the 128 GB variant of 4th generation iPad. It was released on February 5, 2013.[27]

text: Following the announcement of the iPad Air on October 22, 2013, sales of the fourth-generation iPad were discontinued.[28] The fourth-generation iPad was reintroduced on March 18, 2014, following the discontinuation of the iPad 2.[29] In order to make its reintroduction a low-end device to the iPad Air, its price was cut by 20% over its original launch price. On October 16, 2014, the fourth-generation iPad was discontinued in favor of the iPad Air 2; the iPad Air took its place as the entry-level iPad at that time.

text: Features[edit]

text: Software[edit]

text: The fourth-generation iPad is shipped with iOS 6.0 and later, iOS 7. It can act as a hotspot with some carriers, sharing its Internet connection over Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, or USB,[30] and also access the Apple App Store, a digital application distribution platform for iOS. The service allows users to browse and download applications from the iTunes Store that were developed with Xcode and the iOS SDK and were published through Apple. From the App Store, GarageBand, iMovie, iPhoto, and the iWork apps (Pages, Keynote, and Numbers) are available.[31]

text: The iPad comes with several pre-installed applications, including Siri, Safari, Mail, Photos, Video, Music, iTunes, App Store, Maps, Notes, Calendar, Game Center, Photo Booth, and Contacts.[32] Like all iOS devices, the iPad can sync content and other data with a Mac or PC using iTunes, although iOS 5 and later can be managed and backed up without a computer. Although the tablet is not designed to make phone calls over a cellular network, users can use a headset or the built-in speaker and microphone to place phone calls over Wi-Fi or cellular using a VoIP application, such as Skype.[33] The device has a dictation application, using the same voice recognition technology as the iPhone 4S. The user speaks and the iPad types what they say on the screen, though the iPad must have an internet connection available (via Wi-Fi or cellular network) due to the feature's reliance on Apple servers to translate the speech.[30]

text: The fourth-generation iPad has an optional iBooks application, which displays books and other ePub-format content downloaded from the iBookstore.[34] Several major book publishers including Penguin Books, HarperCollins, Simon & Schuster, and Macmillan have committed to publishing books for the device.[35] Despite being a direct competitor to both the Amazon Kindle and Barnes & Noble Nook,[36] both Amazon.com and Barnes & Noble offer e-reader apps for the iPad.[37][38]

text: The 4th generation iPad, unlike its immediate predecessor, the 3rd generation iPad, is supported by iOS 10; however, it was announced at the Apple WWDC 2017 that the 4th generation iPad (along with the iPhone 5/5C) will not support iOS 11. iOS 10.3.3 is the last version of iOS to include support for these devices.[39]

text: Hardware[edit]

text: The device has an Apple A6X SoC which comprises a 32-bit Apple dual-core CPU running at 1.4 GHz and a quad-core PowerVR SGX554MP4 GPU, 1 GB of RAM.[40] It also features a 5-megapixel, rear-facing camera capable of 1080p video recording; and a 720p HD front-facing videophone camera designed for FaceTime.[41] The device features a 9.7" (diagonal) display with a resolution of 2,048 by 1,536 (QXGA) resulting in 3.1 million pixels, this gives the display a pixel density of 264 ppi. The total number of pixels used in the display of the fourth-generation iPad is four times that of the iPad 2 – providing even scaling from the prior model.[42][43]

text: As with all previous generations of iPhone and iPad hardware, there are four buttons and one switch on the fourth-generation iPad. With the device in its portrait orientation, these are: a "home" button on the face of the device under the display that returns the user to the home screen, a wake/sleep button on the top edge of the device, and two buttons on the upper right side of the device performing volume up/down functions, under which is a switch whose function varies according to device settings, generally functioning either to switch the device into or out of silent mode or to lock/unlock the orientation of the screen.[13] Externally, the fourth-generation iPad is identical to its predecessor apart from the differences between dock connectors used and change of manufacturers that produce the display.[14] In addition, the Wi-Fi only version weighs 652 grams while the cellular model weighs 662 grams – 2 grams heavier than their respective predecessors.[13][44] The display responds to other sensors: an ambient light sensor to adjust screen brightness and a 3-axis accelerometer to sense orientation and switch between portrait and landscape modes. Unlike the iPhone and iPod Touch's built-in applications, which work in three orientations (portrait, landscape-left and landscape-right), the iPad's built-in applications support screen rotation in all four orientations, including upside-down. Consequently, the device has no intrinsic "native" orientation; only the relative position of the home button changes.[13]

text: The tablet is manufactured either with or without the capability to communicate over a cellular network. All models can connect to a wireless LAN via Wi-Fi. The fourth-generation iPad is available with 16, 32, 64 or 128 GB of internal flash memory, with no expansion option. Apple sells a "camera connection kit" with an SD card reader, but it can only be used to transfer photos and videos.[13]

text: The audio playback of the fourth-generation iPad has a frequency response of 20 Hz to 20,000 Hz. Without third-party software it can play the following audio formats: HE-AAC, AAC, Protected AAC, MP3, MP3 VBR, Audible formats (2, 3, 4, AEA, AAX, and AAX+), ALAC, AIFF, and WAV.[13]

text: This iPad uses an internal rechargeable lithium-ion polymer (LiPo) battery that can hold a charge of 11,560 mAh.[14] The batteries are made in Taiwan by Simplo Technology (60%) and Dynapack International Technology (40%).[45] The iPad is designed to be charged with a relatively high current of 2 amps using the included 12 W USB power adapter and Lightning connector. While it can be charged by an older USB port from a computer, these are limited to 500 milliamps (0.5 amps). As a result, if the iPad is in use while powered by a computer, it may charge very slowly, or not at all. High-power USB ports found in newer computers and accessories provide full charging capabilities.[46] Apple claims that the battery can provide up to 10 hours of video, audio playback, or web surfing on Wi-Fi, 9 hours of web surfing over a cellular connection, or one month on standby.[13] Like any rechargeable battery, the iPad's battery loses capacity over time. However, the iPad's battery is not user-replaceable. In a program similar to iPod and iPhone battery-replacement programs, Apple promised to replace an iPad that does not hold an electrical charge with a refurbished unit for a fee.[47][48] During the battery replacement process, user data is not preserved/transferred, and repaired or refurbished units come with a new case.[49] The warranty on the refurbished unit may vary between jurisdictions.

text: Accessories[edit]

text: The Smart Cover, introduced with the iPad 2, is a screen protector that magnetically attaches to the face of the iPad. The cover has three folds which allow it to convert into a stand, which is also held together by magnets. The Smart Cover can also assume other positions by folding it.[50] Smart Covers have a microfiber bottom that cleans the front of the iPad, and wakes up the unit when the cover is removed. It comes in five colors of both polyurethane and the more expensive leather.[51][52]

text: Apple offers several other accessories,[53] most of which are adapters for the proprietary Lightning connector, the only port besides the headphone jack.[13] A dock holds the iPad at an angle, and has a dock connector and audio line-out port. The iPad can use Bluetooth keyboards that also work with Macs and PCs.[54] The iPad can be charged by a standalone power adapter ("wall charger") compatible with iPods and iPhones, and a 12 watt charger is included.[13]

text: Reception[edit]

text: The fourth-generation iPad received primarily favorable reviews from critics and commentators. The review by Gareth Beavis of TechRadar praised the device for its high resolution Retina Display, which TechRadar wrote is "...one of the most impressive we've seen on a tablet to date." However, the reviewer also wrote that the screen "lacks the 'punch' seen in Super AMOLED screens seen on devices like the Samsung Galaxy Note 2." The review also praised the interface of the iPad for its simple design and easy to use layout.[55] Additionally, other aspects, such as the design of the iPad and updated SoC were noted and praised in the review. Critically, Beavis noted that the iPad can still moderately heat up under medium usage, however not to the extent seen in the third-generation iPad.[55] Tim Stevens of Engadget praised the Retina Display and labelled it as the best screen available on tablets. Benchmarks and tests conducted by Engadget resulted in Stevens concluding that the fourth-generation iPad is the fastest Apple mobile device available, surpassing a "record" that the iPhone 5 held for a brief period.[44]

text: Benchmark tests conducted by SlashGear concluded that the SoC of the fourth-generation iPad is able to perform CPU-reliant tasks more than twice as fast as that of the third-generation iPad.[56] A series of benchmark tests conducted on the graphics performance of the fourth-generation iPad by Anandtech resulted in the device achieving the highest score compared to other consumer mobile devices, including the Samsung Galaxy S III, Nexus 10 and third-generation iPad. The performance increase of the fourth-generation iPad varies between tests, however an increase is nonetheless evident.[57] Furthermore, battery longevity tests conducted by the same organization suggests that the battery of the fourth-generation iPad is able to last longer than its predecessor. However, the battery of the updated iPad 2 is able to outlast the fourth-generation iPad.[58]

text: Commercial reception[edit]

text: In the first weekend of sales of the iPad Mini and fourth-generation iPad, Apple reported that it sold an aggregated number of 3 million units. TechRadar noted that the first weekend sales figures for the fourth-generation iPad are lower than corresponding figures for the third-generation iPad, which sold 3 million units in its first weekend.[12] Subsequent reports and analysis such as that from David Hsieh, a technology analyst, suggest that the iPad mini is selling better than the fourth-generation iPad.[59] Despite the noted slump in sales, Apple's stock price, in direct response to the figures released, rose by 1.4% to $584.62 on November 5.[60]

text: Criticism[edit]

text: In a repairability review conducted by iFixit, the fourth-generation iPad scored 2 out of 10 (10 being the easiest to repair) due to the use of adhesive to attach components. However, reviewers noted that several components such as the screen and battery could be removed easily for replacement.[14]

text: Timeline[edit]

text: May 2018:9.7” iPad Models: MPGT2LLA, MR7G2LL/A, MR7F2LL/A, MRJN2LL/A

text: July 2017: 12.9” iPad Pro (2nd Gen) Models: A1670 (Wi-Fi), A1671 (4G), MQDA2LL/A, MP6G2LL/A, MP6J2LL/A

text: June 2017: 10.5” iPad Pro (2nd Gen) Models: A1701 (Wi-Fi), A1709 (4G), MQDT2CL/A, MQDW2LLA, MQDY2LL/A

text: April 2016: 9.7” iPad Pro (1st Gen) Models: A1673 (Wi-Fi), A1674 or A1675 (4G), MLMQ2CL/A, MLMQ2LL/A

text: March 2016: 9.7” iPad (7th Gen) Models: A1822 (Wi-Fi), A1823 (4G), MPGT2LL/A, MPGW2LL/A, MPGC2LL/A,

text: November 2015: 12.9” iPad Pro (1st Gen) Models: A1584 (Wi-Fi), A1652 (4G), MD517LL/A, ML3K2LL/A, ML0T2LL/A, MD517LL/A

text: September 2015: iPad Mini 4 (4th Gen Mini) Models: A1538 (Wi-Fi), A1550 (4G), MK9J2LL/A, MK8C2LL/A, MK9Q2LL/A, MK6K2LL/A

text: April 2015: iPad (4th Gen) Models: A1458 (Wi-Fi), A1459 (4G), A1460 (4G MM), MD511LL/A

text: October 2014: iPad Air 2 Models: A1566 (Wi-Fi), A1667 (4G), MH0W2LL/A, MNV72LL/A, MH182LL/A, MH1J2LL/A

text: iPad Mini 3 (3rd Gen Mini) Models: A1599 (Wi-Fi), A1600 (4G), MGNV2LL/A, MH3F2LL/A, MH382LL/A, MGGT2LL/A, MGP42LL/A, MH3M2LL/A

text: November 2013: iPad Air (5th Gen) Models: A1474 (Wi-Fi), A1475 (4G), MD788LL/B, MD789LL/A, MD790LL/A, ME906LL/A

text: iPad Mini 2 (2nd Gen Mini) Models: A1489 (Wi-Fi), A1490 (4G), ME279LL/A

text: October 2012: iPad Mini (1st Gen Mini) Models: A1432 (Wi-Fi), A1454 (4G), A1455 (4G MM), MD531LL/A

text: March 2012: iPad (3rd Gen) Models: A1416 (Wi-Fi), A1430 (4G), A1403 (4G VZ), MD328LL/A

text: March 2011: iPad (2nd Gen) Models: A1395 (Wi-Fi), A1396 (3G GSM), A1397 (3G CDMA), MC769LL/A

text: January 2010: iPad (1st Gen) Models: A1219 (Wi-Fi), A1337 (3G), MB294LL/A


document_title: Molding (decorative)

question_text: horizontal molding along the top of a wall

text: Molding (decorative)

text: Types[edit]

text: Decorative moldings have been made of wood, stone and cement. Recently moldings have been made of extruded PVC and Expanded Polystyrene (EPS) as a core with a cement-based protective coating. Synthetic moldings have environmental, health and safety concerns that were investigated by Doroudiani et al.[2]

text: Common moldings include:

text:
Astragal — Semi-circular molding attached to one of a pair of doors to cover the gap where they meet.
Baguette — Thin, half-round molding, smaller than an astragal, sometimes carved, and enriched with foliages, pearls, ribbands, laurels, etc. When enriched with ornaments, it was also called chapelet.[1]
Bandelet — Any little band or flat molding, which crowns a Doric architrave. It is also called a tenia (from Greek ταινία an article of clothing in the form of a ribbon.[1]
Baseboard, "base molding" or "skirting board" — Used to conceal the junction of an interior wall and floor, to protect the wall from impacts and to add decorative features. A "speed base" makes use of a base "cap molding" set on top of a plain 1" thick board, however there are hundreds of baseboard profiles.
Baton — See Torus
Batten or board and batten — Symmetrical molding that is placed across a joint where two parallel panels or boards meet
Bead molding — Narrow, half-round convex molding, when repeated forms reeding
Beading or bead — Molding in the form of a row of half spherical beads, larger than pearling

Other forms: Bead and leaf, bead and reel, bead and spindle

Beak — Small fillet molding left on the edge of a larmier, which forms a canal, and makes a kind of pendant.[1] See also: chin-beak
Bed molding — Narrow molding used at the junction of a wall and ceiling. Bed moldings can be either sprung or plain.
Bolection — Raised molding projecting proud of a face frame at the intersection of the different levels between the frame and an inset panel on a door or wood panel. It will sometimes have a rabbet on its underside the depth of the lower level so it can lay flat over both. It can leave an inset panel free to expand or contract with temperature and humidity.
Cable molding or ropework — Convex molding carved in imitation of a twisted rope or cord, and used for decorative moldings of the Romanesque style in England, France and Spain and adapted for 18th-century silver and furniture design (Thomas Sheraton)[3]
Cabled fluting or cable — Convex circular molding sunk in the concave fluting of a classic column, and rising about one-third of the height of the shaft[1]
Casing — Finish trim around the sides of a door or window opening covering the gap between finished wall and the jam or frame it is attached to.
Cartouche (in French) escutcheon — Framed panel in the form of a scroll with an inscribed centre, or surrounded by compound moldings decorated with floral motifs
Cavetto — (in Italian) cavare("to hollow"): Concave, quarter-round molding sometimes employed in the place of the cymatium of a cornice, as in the Doric order of the Theatre of Marcellus. It forms the crowning feature of the Egyptian temples, and took the place of the cymatium in many of the Etruscan temples.
Chair rail — Horizontal molding placed part way up a wall to protect the surface from chair-backs, and used simply as decoration
Chamfer — Beveled edge connecting two adjacent surfaces
Chin-beak — Concave quarter-round molding, rare in ancient buildings, more common today.[1]
Corner guard — Used to protect the edge of the wall at an outside corner, or to cover a joint on an inside corner.
Cove molding or Coving — Concave-profile molding that is used at the junction of an interior wall and ceiling
Crown molding — Wide, sprung molding that is used at the junction of an interior wall and ceiling. General term for any molding at the top or "crowning" an architectural element.
Cyma — Molding of double curvature, combining the convex ovolo and concave cavetto. When the concave part is uppermost, it is called a cyma recta but if the convex portion is at the top, it is called a Cyma reversa[4] — Crowning molding at the entablature is of the cyma form, it is called a cymatium.
Dentils — Small blocks spaced evenly along the bottom edge of the cornice
Drip cap — Moulding placed over a door or window opening to prevent water from flowing under the siding or across the glass
Echinus — Similar to the ovolo molding and found beneath the abacus of the Doric capital or decorated with the egg-and-dart pattern below the Ionic capital[3]
Egg-and-dart — egg shapes alternating with V-shapes; one of the most widely used classical moldings.[3]

Also: Egg and tongue, egg and anchor, egg and star

Fillet — Small, flat band separating two surfaces, or between the flutes of a column
Fluting — Vertical, half-round grooves cut into the surface of a column in regular intervals, each separated by a flat astragal. This ornament was used for all but the Tuscan order
Godroon or Gadroon — Ornamental band with the appearance of beading or reeding, especially frequent in silverwork and molding. It comes from the Latin word Guttus, meaning flask. It is said to be derived from raised work on linen, applied in France to varieties of the, bead and reel, in which the bead is often carved with ornament. In England the term is constantly used by auctioneers to describe the raised convex decorations under the bowl of stone or terracotta vases. The godroons radiate from the vertical support of the vase and rise halfway up the bowl.

Also: Gadrooning, lobed decoration, (k)nukked decoration, thumb molding

Guilloché — Interlocking curved bands in a repeating pattern often forming circles enriched with rosettes and found in Assyrian ornament, classical and Renaissance architecture.[3]
Keel molding — Sharp-edged moulding resembling a cross-section of a ship's keel, common in the Early English and Decorated styles.
Muntin - Narrow strip of wood or metal separating and holding panes of glass in a window.
Ovolo — Simple, convex quarter-round molding that can also be enriched with the egg-and-dart or other pattern
Neck molding
Picture rail — Functional molding installed 7–9 feet above the floor from which framed art is hung, common in commercial buildings and homes with plaster walls.
Rosette — Circular, floral decorative element found in Mesopotamian design and early Greek stele, common in revival styles of architecture since the Renaissance.[3]
Scotia — Concave molding with a lower edge projecting beyond the top and so used at the base of columns as a transition between two torus moldings with different diameters[3]
Screen molding — Small molding used to hide and reinforce where a screen is attached to its frame.
Shoe molding, toe molding or quarter-round — Small flexible moulding used at the junction of a baseboard and floor as a stylistic element or to cover any gap between the two.
Strapwork - Imitates thick lengths of leather straps applied to a surface to produce pattern of ribs in connected circles, squares, scrolls, lozenges etc. Popular in England in 16th & 17th. centuries, used in plaster on ceilings,[5] also sculpted in stone on exterior of buildings, e.g. around entrance doors. Also carved in wood, and used for topiary designs for parterres.
Torus — Convex, semi-circular molding, larger than an astragal, often at the base of a column, which may be enriched with leaves or plaiting.[6]
Trim molding — General term used for moldings used to create added detail or cover up gaps, including corner moldings, cove moldings, rope moldings, quarter rounds, and accent moldings.[7]

text: Use[edit]

text: This section possibly contains original research. Please improve it by verifying the claims made and adding inline citations. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed. (October 2017) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

tag: table

text: At their simplest, moldings hide and help weather seal natural joints produced in the framing process of building a structure. As decorative elements they are a means of applying light- and dark-shaded stripes to a structural object without having to change the material or apply pigments. Depending on their function they may be primarily a means of hiding or weather-sealing a joint, purely decorative, or some combination of the three.

text: As decorative elements the contrast of dark and light areas gives definition to the object. Imagine the vertical surface of a wall lit by sunlight at an angle of about 45 degrees above the wall. Adding a small overhanging horizontal molding to the surface of the wall will introduce a dark horizontal shadow below the molding, called a fillet molding. Adding a vertical fillet to a horizontal surface will create a light vertical shadow. Graded shadows are possible by using moldings in different shapes: the concave cavetto molding produces a horizontal shadow that is darker at the top and lighter at the bottom; an ovolo (convex) molding makes a shadow that is lighter at the top and darker at the bottom. Other varieties of concave molding are the scotia and congé and other convex moldings the echinus, the torus and the astragal.

text: Placing an ovolo directly above a cavetto forms a smooth s-shaped curve with vertical ends that is called an ogee or cyma reversa molding. Its shadow appears as a band light at the top and bottom but dark in the interior. Similarly, a cavetto above an ovolo forms an s with horizontal ends, called a cyma or cyma recta. Its shadow shows two dark bands with a light interior.

text: Together the basic elements and their variants form a decorative vocabulary that can be assembled and rearranged in endless combinations. This vocabulary is at the core of both classical architecture and Gothic architecture.


document_title: List of countries by HIV/AIDS adult prevalence rate

question_text: which african country has the highest rate of hiv

text: HIV/AIDS prevalence estimates table[edit]

text: This data was sourced from the CIA's world factbook[9] unless referenced otherwise. A horizontal dash - indicates the data was not published. Adult prevalence describes ages between 15-49.

text:
Country

Adult prevalence  of HIV/AIDS [1]

Number of people  with HIV/AIDS [2]

Annual deaths  from HIV/AIDS [3]

Year of estimate

 Swaziland

27.20%

220,000

3,900

2016

 Lesotho

25.00%

330,000

9,900

2016

 Botswana

21.90%

360,000

3,900

2016

 South Africa

18.90%

7,100,000

110,000

2016

 Namibia

13.80%

230,000

4,300

2016

 Zimbabwe

13.50%

1,300,000

30,000

2016

 Zambia

12.40%

1,200,000

21,000

2016

 Mozambique

12.30%

1,800,000

62,000

2016

 Malawi

9.20%

1,000,000

24,000

2016

 Uganda

6.50%

1,400,000

28,000

2016

 Equatorial Guinea

6.20%

35,000

-

2016

 Kenya

5.40%

1,600,000

36,000

2016

 Tanzania

4.70%

1,400,000

33,000

2016

 Central African Republic

4.00%

130,000

7,300

2016

 Cameroon

3.80%

560,000

29,000

2016

 Gabon

3.60%

48,000

1,500

2016

 Bahamas, The

3.30%

8,200

-

2016

 Rwanda

3.10%

220,000

3,300

2016

 Congo, Republic of the

3.10%

91,000

3,800

2016

 Guinea-Bissau

3.10%

36,000

2,000

2016

 Nigeria

2.90%

3,200,000

160,000

2016

 Cote d'Ivoire

2.70%

460,000

25,000

2016

 South Sudan

2.70%

200,000

13,000

2016

 Haiti

2.10%

150,000

4,600

2016

 Togo

2.10%

100,000

5,100

2016

 Angola

1.90%

280,000

11,000

2016

 Belize

1.80%

4,300

-

2016

 Sierra Leone

1.70%

67,000

2,800

2016

 Gambia, The

1.70%

20,000

1,100

2016

 Jamaica

1.70%

30,000

1,300

2016

 Liberia

1.60%

43,000

2,800

2016

 Guyana

1.60%

8,500

-

2016

 Ghana

1.60%

290,000

15,000

2016

 Guinea

1.50%

120,000

5,800

2016

 Suriname

1.40%

4,900

-

2016

 Barbados

1.30%

2,600

-

2016

 Djibouti

1.30%

8,600

-

2016

 Chad

1.30%

110,000

2,800

2016

 Trinidad and Tobago

1.20%

11,000

-

2016

 Thailand

1.10%

450,000

16,000

2016

 Ethiopia

1.10%

710,000

20,000

2016

 Burundi

1.10%

84,000

2,900

2016

 Benin

1.00%

67,000

2,400

2016

 Mali

1.00%

110,000

6,100

2016

 Dominican Republic

1.00%

67,000

2,200

2016

 Ukraine

0.90%

240,000

8,500

2016

 Papua New Guinea

0.90%

46,000

1,100

2016

 Cabo Verde

0.80%

2,800

-

2016

 Panama

0.80%

21,000

-

2016

 Burma

0.80%

230,000

7,800

2016

 Burkina Faso

0.80%

95,000

3,100

2016

 Latvia

0.70%

6,600

-

2016

 Congo, Democratic Republic of

0.70%

370,000

19,000

2016

 Cambodia

0.60%

71,000

1,800

2016

 Venezuela

0.60%

120,000

2,500

2016

 Moldova

0.60%

15,000

-

2016

 Eritrea

0.60%

15,000

-

2016

 El Salvador

0.60%

24,000

-

2016

 Uruguay

0.60%

12,000

-

2016

 Brazil

0.60%

830,000

14,000

2016

 Georgia

0.50%

12,000

-

2016

 Mauritania

0.50%

11,000

-

2016

 Chile

0.50%

61,000

-

2016

 Guatemala

0.50%

46,000

1,600

2016

 Paraguay

0.50%

19,000

-

2016

 Niger

0.40%

48,000

3,400

2016

 Malaysia

0.40%

97,000

7,000

2016

 Indonesia

0.40%

620,000

38,000

2016

 Honduras

0.40%

21,000

-

2016

 Canada

0.40%

180,000

-

2016

 Cuba

0.40%

25,000

-

2016

 Costa Rica

0.40%

13,000

-

2016

 Colombia

0.40%

120,000

2,800

2016

 Vietnam

0.40%

250,000

8,000

2016

 Argentina

0.40%

120,000

2,400

2016

 Belarus

0.40%

19,000

-

2016

 United States

0.30%

1,100,000

-

2015[10]

 Somalia

0.40%

2016

 Senegal

0.40%

41,000

1,900

2016

 India

0.30%

2,100,000

62,000

2016

 Ecuador

0.30%

33,000

-

2016

 Bolivia

0.30%

19,000

-

2016

 Tajikistan

0.30%

14,000

-

2016

 Peru

0.30%

70,000

2,200

2016

 Italy

0.30%

130,000

-

2016

 Laos

0.30%

11,000

-

2016

 Mexico

0.30%

220,000

4,200

2016

 Armenia

0.20%

3,300

-

2016

 Ireland

0.20%

6,200

-

2016

 Kazakhstan

0.20%

26,000

-

2016

 Kyrgyzstan

0.20%

8,500

-

2016

 Lithuania

0.20%

2,900

-

2016

 Madagascar

0.20%

31,000

1,600

2016

   Nepal

0.20%

32,000

1,700

2016

 Netherlands

0.20%

23,000

-

2016

 Nicaragua

0.20%

8,900

-

2016

 Sudan

0.20%

56,000

3,000

2016

 Sweden

0.20%

11,000

-

2016

 Albania

0.10%

1,700

-

2016

 Australia

0.10%

25,000

-

2016

 Fiji

0.10%

-

-

2016

 Taiwan [11]

0.10%

31,620

-

2016

 Azerbaijan

0.10%

9,200

-

2016

 Iran

0.10%

66,000

4,000

2016

 Romania

0.10%

16,000

-

2016

 Montenegro

0.10%

-

-

2016

 Morocco

0.10%

22,000

-

2016

 Pakistan

0.10%

130,000

5,500

2016

 Malta

0.10%

-

-

2016

 Philippines

<0.10%

24,936

-

April 2015 (Department of Health)

 Algeria

-

13,000

-

2016

 Bangladesh

-

12,000

1,000

2016

 Egypt

-

11,000

-

2016

 Yemen

-

9,900

-

2016

 Saudi Arabia

-

8,200

-

2016

 Afghanistan

-

7,500

-

2016

 Sri Lanka

-

4,000

-

2016

 Bulgaria

-

3,500

-

2016

 Czech Republic

-

3,400

-

2016

 Tunisia

-

2,900

-

2016

 Serbia

-

2,700

-

2016

 Lebanon

-

2,200

-

2016

 Croatia

-

1,500

-

2016

 Bosnia

0.009%

350

-

2017