document_title: The Night Begins to Shine

question_text: who is the singer of the night begins to shine

text: The Night Begins to Shine

text:
"The Night Begins to Shine"
Single by B.E.R.from the album Teen Titans Go! Songs from The Night Begins to Shine SpecialReleased
October 30, 2015 (2015-10-30)Format
Digital singleRecorded
2005Genre
SynthwaverockLength
3:30Label
TelepicturesSongwriter(s)
Carl Burnett, Frank Enea, William J. ReaganProducer(s)
Carl BurnettB.E.R. singles chronology

"The Night Begins to Shine" (2015)

"Forever Mine" (2017)

text:
"The Night Begins to Shine" is a song by the band B.E.R.[1] from the Teen Titans Go! TV series[2] The song was originally written and produced in 2005 as an "'80s-style song" for a music library.[3] The song was first featured in the Teen Titans Go! episode, "Slumber Party" as a throwaway joke. The song became popular with fans of the show.[2][3] The song was subsequently featured in the episode, "40%, 40%, 20%",[4] and was prominently featured in the four-part special, "The Day the Night Stopped Beginning to Shine and
Became Dark Even Though It Was the Day".[5] The special also featured two other songs by B.E.R., "Forever Mine" and "Rise Up", as well as three covers of the song from Fall Out Boy, CeeLo Green, and Puffy AmiYumi.[6]

text: Commercial performance[edit]

text:
Upon its official release, "The Night Begins To Shine" peaked at #23 on the Billboard Hot Rock Songs chart and #7 on the Billboard Rock Digital Songs chart.[7] The song also peaked at #66 on the iTunes music charts and #1 on the iTunes rock music charts.[8]
The song was covered by Fall Out Boy, CeeLo Green, and Puffy AmiYumi for a four-part Teen Titans Go! storyline.[6]

text: Weekly charts[edit]

text:
Chart (2017)

Peakposition

US Hot Rock Songs (Billboard)[9]

23


document_title: List of amphibians and reptiles of Dominica

question_text: what kind of snakes are in the dominican republic

root

text: Amphibians[edit]

text: There are four species of amphibians on Dominica, all from the Leptodactylidae family of frogs. Three are native, and one, Eleutherodactylus amplinympha, is endemic to Dominica.

tag: p

text: Frogs (Anura)[edit]

text:
Tropical frogs (Leptodactylidae)

Species
Common name(s)
Notes
Image

Eleutherodactylus amplinympha
Gounouj
Endangered.[2] Endemic. First described in 1994. Most abundant in transition zone between montane rainforest and elfin woodland, but range also extends over broader range of altitudes, coexisting with E. martinicensis.

Eleutherodactylus johnstonei
Lesser Antillean whistling frog, coqui antillano, Johnstone's whistling frog
Least concern. Recently introduced. Widespread throughout the Lesser Antilles.

Eleutherodactylus martinicensis
Tink frog, Martinique robber frog
Near threatened. Regional endemic. Abundant in rain forest; uncommon in dry coastal forest. Local populations are being displaced by E. johnstonei along part of the west (Caribbean) coast.[3]

Leptodactylus fallax
Giant ditch frog, mountain chicken
Critically endangered. Regional endemic. Natural range on the western (Caribbean) side of Dominica from sea level to 400 m elevation. Populations are infected with chytridiomycosis and are in severe decline. Widely eaten in Dominica as a novelty food prior to its legal protection in 2002.[4]

tag: table

text: Reptiles[edit]

text: Two of the four extant orders of reptile are represented on Dominica: Squamata and Testudines. Including marine turtles and introduced species, there are a total of 19 confirmed species of reptiles.

text: Endemic reptile species include the Dominican anole (Anolis oculatus), the Dominican ground lizard (Ameiva fuscata) and the Dominica Skink (Mabuya dominicana). The Dominican blind snake (Typhlops dominicanus or T. d. dominicanus) and the Dominican clouded boa (Boa constrictor nebulosis) may also be designated as endemic, though their status as distinct subspecies is unresolved.

text: Turtles (Testudines)[edit]

text:
Tortoises (Testudinidae)

Species
Common name(s)
Notes
Image

Geochelone carbonaria
Red-footed tortoise
Likely recent introduction, though possibly as long ago as Amerindian settlement of Dominica.[5] Rarely seen in the wild.

Scaly sea turtles (Cheloniidae)

Species
Common name(s)
Notes
Image

Caretta caretta
Loggerhead turtle, channel turtle (local name)
Endangered. Rare in Dominican waters; mainly recorded around Soufriere Bay and from Martinique and Guadeloupe Channels. Not recorded nesting on Dominica.

Chelonia mydas
Green turtle
Endangered. Regularly seen in coastal waters; nests on both coasts (though mainly on northern beaches), primarily from June to October.

Eretmochelys imbricata
Hawksbill turtle
Critically endangered. Regularly seen in coastal waters; nests on both coasts (though mainly on northern beaches), primarily from May to October.

Leathery sea turtles (Dermochelyidae)

Species
Common name(s)
Notes
Image

Dermochelys coriacea
Leatherback turtle
Critically endangered. Fairly rare, mainly recorded from Martinique and Guadeloupe Channels. Nesting recorded from April to June, primarily on south and east (Atlantic) coast beaches.

text: Lizards and snakes (Squamata)[edit]

text:
Geckos (Gekkonidae)

Species
Common name(s)
Notes
Image

Hemidactylus mabouia
House gecko
Introduced. Widespread, usually around human populations.

Sphaerodactylus fantasticus
Fantastic least gecko
Found at scattered locations along west (Caribbean) coast. Regional endemic; Dominica population has been described as subspecies S. f. fuga.

Sphaerodactylus vincenti
Vincent's least gecko
Confined to wet high elevations.

Thecadactylus rapicauda
Tree gecko, turnip-tailed gecko
Widespread

Iguanas and Anolids (Iguanidae)

Species
Common name(s)
Notes
Image

Anolis cristatellus
Puerto Rican crested anole
Recent introduction (between 1997 and 2002); range limited to southwest (Caribbean) coast around capital of Roseau.[6]

Anolis oculatus
Dominican anole, eyed anole, tree lizard
Endemic. Four subspecies described (A. o. oculatus, A. o. cabritensis, A. o. montanus, A. o. winstoni) now recognized as ecotypes. Widespread and abundant in all areas below 900 m elevation. South Caribbean ecotype is being displaced by competition from invasive A. cristatellus.

Iguana delicatissima
Lesser Antillean iguana, West Indian iguana
Vulnerable. Regional endemic. Common on Dominica in certain areas on both east (Atlantic) and west (Caribbean) coasts; occasionally seen in rain forest.

Whiptails (Teiidae)

Species
Common name(s)
Notes
Image

Ameiva fuscata
Dominican ground lizard, Dominican ameiva
Endemic. Found in dry coastal woodland and associated cultivated areas below 300 m elevation.

Microteiids (Gymnophthalmidae)

Species
Common name(s)
Notes
Image

Gymnophthalmus underwoodi
Underwood's spectacled tegu
Very similar to G. pleei known to be extant on Dominica; variability of scale counts of collected specimens suggest G. underwoodi (or other Gymnophthalmus species) is also present. Presence confirmed 2008 by Turk, Wyszynski, Powell, and Henderson at Batali Beach[7]

Gymnophthalmus pleei
Martinique spectacled tegu
Officially recorded only at Cabrits National Park and Dominica Botanical Gardens in Roseau, but likely more widespread, and probably with other Gymnophthalmus species present.[8]

Skinks (Scincidae)

Species
Common name(s)
Notes
Image

Mabuya dominicana
Dominica skink
Island endemic. Widespread in coastal regions and in cultivated areas at higher elevations.[9]

Worm snakes (Typhlopidae)

Species
Common name(s)
Notes
Image

Typhlops dominicanus
Dominican blind snake, worm snake
Local population either described as endemic species, or endemic subspecies T. d. dominicana, with sister subspecies present on Guadeloupe.

Boas (Boidae)

Species
Common name(s)
Notes
Image

Boa constrictor
Boa constrictor; Dominican clouded boa
Local population sometimes described as endemic subspecies B. c. nebulosa. Widely distributed in Dominica, though vulnerable to persecution, road accidents, and hunting for snake oil derived from its fat.

Colubrids (Colubridae)

Species
Common name(s)
Notes
Image

Alsophis antillensis
Antilles racer, island racer, leeward racer, Dominican racer
Regional endemic. Local population described as endemic subspecies A. a. sibonius or as separate species, A. sibonius. Present everywhere except highest elevations; most abundant in dry woodland on west (Caribbean) coast.

Liophis juliae
Julia's ground snake, grove snake
Present everywhere except highest elevations. Local population described as endemic subspecies L. j. juliae, with two sister subspecies present on islands of Guadeloupe.

text: Unconfirmed or disputed reptile species[edit]

text:
Species
Common name(s)
Notes
Image

Clelia errabunda
Underwood's Mussurana
A species from Saint Lucia originally recorded on Dominica (as C. clelia) due to a cataloguing error.[10] Reported sightings are most likely melanistic forms of boa.[11]

Sphaerodactylus microlepis
Little-scaled least gecko
Main range is on St. Lucia; only record for presence on Dominica consists of a single specimen with no precise locality.[12]

text: Notes[edit]

text:
Jump up ^ Malhotra 2007, p. 177.
Jump up ^ Conservation status, where available, is from the IUCN Red List and is indicative of the status of the species as a whole, not just populations on Dominica.
Jump up ^ Malhotra 2007, p. 181.
Jump up ^ Malhotra 2007, p. 180-81.
Jump up ^ Malhotra 2007, p. 182. The authors previously doubted there was a viable natural population, attributing its presence to escaped pets. Malhotra 1999, p. 49.
Jump up ^ Malhotra 2007, pp. 182, 187-88.
Jump up ^ Turk 2010.
Jump up ^ Malhotra 2007, p. 183.
Jump up ^ Hedges and Conn 2012, pp. 98-101 revised the taxonomy to M. dominicana and restricted its distribution to Dominica as an island endemic. Formerly referred to as M. bistriata by Malhotra 1999, p. 35, and later called M. mabouya in Evans 1997, p. 20, and Malhotra 2007, p. 183 (listing M. mabouya as the only skink on Dominica ).
Jump up ^ Malhotra 2007, p. 184.
Jump up ^ Malhotra 1999, p. 50; Evans 1997, p. 20.
Jump up ^ Malhotra 2007, p. 185; Malhotra 1999, p. 50. Evans 1997, at p. 18, merely states that its "present Dominican status remains unclear."

tag: ol


document_title: List of The Tunnel episodes

question_text: how many episodes in the tunnel series 2

text: List of The Tunnel episodes

text: Series overview[edit]

text:
Series
Episodes
Originally aired

First aired
Last aired
Network

1
10
16 October 2013 (2013-10-16)
18 December 2013 (2013-12-18)
Sky Atlantic

2
8
7 March 2016 (2016-03-07)
28 March 2016 (2016-03-28)
Canal+

3
6
14 December 2017 (2017-12-14)
Sky Atlantic

text: Episodes[edit]

text: Series 1 (2013)[edit]

text:
No.
Title
Directed by
Written by
British air date
French air date
UK viewers
(millions)

1
"Episode 1"
Dominik Moll
Ben Richards
16 October 2013 (2013-10-16)
11 November 2013
0.893[8] [nb 1]

French politician Marie Villeneuve is found dead at the Channel Tunnel's midpoint between France and the UK. The body is found to have been cut in half, one half belonging to Welsh prostitute Gemma Kirwan whose corpse had been frozen for at least 6 months. Karl Roebuck and Elise Wassermann, the respective British and French detectives, work together to investigate the killings and soon find a suspect in Charlotte Joubert, the wife of French banker Alain who is in hiding. Charlotte insists she made threats against Villeneuve to stop her from badgering her husband. In the UK, Stephen Beaumont runs a hostel for failed asylum seekers and takes in Colombian-born Veronica. Tabloid journalist Danny Hillier enters his car to find it rigged with explosives. When the timer reaches zero, however, instead of an explosion, the killer has left a message.

2
"Episode 2"
Dominik Moll
Ben Richards
23 October 2013 (2013-10-23)
11 November 2013
N/A

A killer's video states that the killings were the first of five "truths", inequality before the law. Alain Joubert is run over by a high-speed train while fleeing pursuers. Stephen Beaumont moves Veronica and her son to a cottage to protect her from Anthony, Gemma Kirwan's pimp. Karl investigates Kirwan's disappearance, while Elise examines threats against Villeneuve. A coroner's observation that the victims were cut with a slaughterhouse saw leads her to an anti-Zionist farmer. Although she finds part of Villeneuve's body at the farm, Elise rules out the farmer as a suspect because he cannot speak English. The killer targets the elderly for his "second truth" and poisons the medication of some retirement home residents. Care worker Suze Beaumont, Stephen's sister and Anthony's lover, who steals drugs for intoxication, also falls victim.

3
"Episode 3"
Udayan Prasad
Olivier Kohn & Ben Richards
30 October 2013 (2013-10-30)
18 November 2013
0.709[9] [nb 2]

Using Hillier to spread his message, the so-called "Truth Terrorist" (TT) vows to continue his "second truth" in France, kidnapping veteran Jean-Claude Delplanque and livestreaming his victim's ordeal. A runaway couple find Delplanque, but TT captures them. Anthony instructs Veronica to run away to London, and troubled teenager Sophie Campbell runs away from her mother and is taken in by Benji, an outwardly trustworthy person. Karl and Elise find out that Delplanque is being kept in a cold-storage unit and is slowly freezing. The Truth Terrorist emails Danny Hillier the photographs of four wealthy business people who, he says, can save Delplanque.

4
"Episode 4"
Udayan Prasad
Chris Lang
6 November 2013 (2013-11-06)
18 November 2013
0.596 [10] [nb 3]

The Truth Terrorist demands that the four business people make a significant donation to charity. Joubert, one of those named, discovers her late husband's second family. Charlotte agrees to pay on behalf of the other plutocrats to eliminate all trace of Alain. Meanwhile, French police notice vibrations on the livestream, which audio analysis shows are caused by passing trains, narrowing Delplanque's location to two cold stores. Karl and Elise search one, but TT subdues Karl and escapes. Delplanque is dead; the runaway couple are found alive. Elise suspects that TT may know Karl because Karl has recently had a vasectomy and TT kicked him in the groin. Sophie starts to believe that Benji is mentally ill after finding a cupboard of unused prescription drugs. Benji's samurai-style suicide mission is foreshadowed as he wields a katana provided to him by TT.

5
"Episode 5"
Hettie MacDonald
Yann Le Niver
13 November 2013 (2013-11-13)
25 November 2013
0.534[11] [nb 4]

For the "third truth", Benji beheads several people, then kills himself after his arrest. Karl sees Charlotte Joubert regarding Alain's encrypted files, and she seduces Karl. Back home, he learns that his wife Laura is pregnant. Karl and Elise have to track down Sophie before she is found by the Truth Terrorist. They find her in an internet café. Elise uses Sophie to entrap TT and saves Sophie from his attack with a sniper rifle. Karl's colleague Chuks Akinade finds a picture of Gemma Kirwan on Beaumont's computer. Now a suspect, Beaumont murders Anthony, and TT kidnaps French police officer Laurent Delgado, who has been accused of murdering a teenager named Mehdi Cherfi.

6
"Episode 6"
Hettie MacDonald
George Kay
20 November 2013 (2013-11-20)
25 November 2013
0.575[12] [nb 5]

Cornered on a Calais-bound ferry, Beaumont admits to killing Anthony, then kills himself. The Truth Terrorist demonstrates his "fourth truth" by burning alive four youths who had been arrested during the 2011 England riots. Laura learns of Karl's affair with Charlotte, while Karl learns that his son Adam has spent the night at Elise's flat. Calais police find out that French youths, including Mehdi Cherfi, had been killed in a riot. TT lures Mehdi's brother Yassin to an abandoned shop, where Laurent Delgado is imprisoned and forced to confess to killing Mehdi. Yassin returns home, where he is intercepted by Karl and Elise. Mehdi's father later finds the imprisoned Delgado too, but releases him instead of exacting revenge. TT shoots Delgado dead and burns Hiller's girlfriend alive after Danny had refused his demand to publish a text.

7
"Episode 7"
Philip Martin
Emma Frost
27 November 2013 (2013-11-27)
2 December 2013
0.537 [13] [nb 6]

Due to TT's knowledge of police procedures, Karl and Elise think he must be a police officer. Delgado's widow suspects a colleague from training exercises. ZP Holdings had financed the officers, but its offices are deserted. TT hijacks a minibus and holds school children at a farm. For his "final truth", relating to child exploitation, he urges the public to attack department stores that use child labour. He releases some of the children after such attacks, and asks the public to "vote" on which of two remaining captives should die. Ultimately, he lets them both live and murders the minibus driver. TT lures Hillier, offering an interview, but instead kills him with a bomb. Elise's colleague Cécile Cabrillac works out the identity of a police officer who could be TT — Fabien Vincent.

8
"Episode 8"
Thomas Vincent
Ben Richards
4 December 2013 (2013-12-04)
2 December 2013
0.555 [14] [nb 7]

The Direction centrale du renseignement intérieur hinders the hunt for Fabien Vincent, who had helped investigate ZP Holdings over suspected gun-running. Karl discovers the murdered Hillier was originally Giles Haddock. Before his name change, he had been involved in a drunk driving incident that killed the wife and child of Kieran Ashton, a former colleague of Karl. Vincent kidnaps Elise, proves to her that he is not the Truth Terrorist and reveals his role in "Peloton", a joint operation of several European intelligence agencies; killing Alain Joubert had been one of their assignments. After escaping from gangsters, Vincent releases Elise. Attention now turns to Kieran Ashton, who had faked his apparent suicide.

9
"Episode 9"
Thomas Vincent
Chris Lang
11 December 2013 (2013-12-11)
9 December 2013
0.535[15] [nb 8]

Calais police trace Kieran Ashton's bank records following his supposed death, leading them to a John Sumner, who has befriended Laura. After identifying Sumner/Ashton as the Truth Terrorist, Karl and Elise go to his home, where they learn that Laura is his next target, as a consequence of Karl's onetime affair with Ashton's wife. TT takes Laura and her children on a day out and traps her in an empty house, making her keep her foot on the trigger of an improvised explosive device. The bomb disposal squad reveals that the device cannot be disarmed but was not designed to detonate immediately on release of the switch. Stepping off the trigger, Laura is able to run out of the house before it explodes. Adam sneaks out to meet his online girlfriend, unaware that TT is impersonating her to entrap him, and Elise realises that Adam is TT's real target.

10
"Episode 10"
Thomas Vincent
Ben Richards
18 December 2013 (2013-12-18)
9 December 2013
0.660[16] [nb 9]

Ashton kidnaps Adam and leads Karl to several dead ends in his search for his son. Karl resigns from the case, acquires his grandfather's Mauser C96 pistol, which he used in the Spanish Civil War, and begins searching for Ashton alone. At his hideout, Ashton murders Adam with a fatal dose of morphine. Discovering that Ashton had also been a Peloton operative, Elise then learns the location of Peloton's safe house in England, where she finds Adam's body. Ashton arranges a meeting with Karl at a Channel Tunnel ventilation shaft near Folkestone; he reveals to Karl that Adam is dead. Elise realises that Ashton wants Karl to kill him as way of bringing his "mission" to an end, and goes to the ventilation shaft to persuade Karl not to do so. She tries to convince him that Adam is still alive, but Karl realizes the truth. Surrounded by armed officers, Elise talks him out of killing Ashton. During a struggle, Ashton is blinded when the pistol discharges. After Ashton's arrest, Karl decides to leave the police force and mourns Adam's death.

text: Series 2: Sabotage (2016)[edit]

text:
No.
Title
Directed by
Written by
French air date
British air date
UK viewers
(millions)

11
"Episode 1"
Mike Barker
Ben Richards
7 March 2016 (2016-03-07)
12 April 2016
0.706[17] [nb 10]

Following the events of the first series, Karl Roebuck joins the Public Protection Unit (PPU) to help special victims. Elise Wasserman is promoted to Commander and takes charge of her unit following the departure of her former boss Olivier Pujol. Rosa Persaud and Thibaut Briand kidnap Madeleine and Robert Fournier on a Channel Tunnel train. They leave behind their daughter Chloë, who falls under Karl's care. He is soon reunited with Elise, who is sent to investigate the kidnapping. Supposed victim Robert is revealed as the plot's leader. He murders his wife. Later the gang hacks into a plane's autopilot system, forcing it to crash into the English Channel, killing all on board. Robert is then paid off by human trafficker Vanessa Hamilton.

12
"Episode 2"
Mike Barker
Ben Richards
7 March 2016 (2016-03-07)
19 April 2016
0.506[18] [nb 11]

As the authorities assemble the plane wreckage, Karl returns to the Criminal Investigation Division from PPU. Olivier informs Elise that the plane was likely hacked, but tells her not to divulge this for the time being. Chloë recalls overhearing Robert say, "I told you – not the kid", leaving Karl and Elise to ponder the context of the phrase. Meanwhile, Robert sends Thibaut Briand to "Fun Faith Friends", an interfaith meet-up between British and French Christians, Jews and Muslims in Calais, to kill one member from each faith: On arrival, Thibaut immediately shoots and kills a priest and a rabbi, and after some difficulty locating a Muslim, eventually kills Aamira, a teenage girl. Back in England, Karl and Boleslaw "BB" Borowski find out that the burned van had been stolen. They trace credit card charges to an oil depot, where an employee gives out a detailed description of a female suspect. The description is released to the press, and Prof. Sonny Persaud recognises the suspect.

13
"Episode 3"
Gilles Bannier
Ben Richards
14 March 2016 (2016-03-14)
26 April 2016
0.462[19] [nb 12]

Sonny tells the police that the woman they're seeking is his daughter Rosa, whom he suspects of alignment with anarchist groups. Sonny also reveals that Robert was a student of his. Karl and BB trace Rosa's movements to a shack, where they find Madeleine's body. The search leads to Singapore Fiscal Management, a company that owns the land. Elise's colleagues search offices in Calais where they find Rosa and Thibaut, capturing Rosa following a shootout. Laura Roebuck suspects she is being stalked because of her tweets condemning a politician who supports fracking. Immigration officers arrest a Georgian woman, Olena Bahkia, in Dover; she carries a passport that features the same key as several other passports in the plane's wreckage. One of the victims was a Polish detective who went to the UK to expose a human trafficking gang. Karl and Elise try to question Olena at PPU, but are prevented from doing so by Karl's boss Mike Bowden. Later, a couple witness Olena falling to her death.

14
"Episode 4"
Gilles Bannier
Yann Le Nivet & Ben Richards
14 March 2016 (2016-03-14)
3 May 2016
0.334[20] [nb 13]

Olena's death is ruled as a suicide, but Karl believes she was pushed. They also find a link between Singapore Fiscal Management and Vanessa Hamilton. Olena having told Karl that her abductor smoked cheroots, Karl suspects Hamilton when BB tells him she was smoking one during questioning. Karl and Elise question Rosa, who initially remains silent, but Elise manages to get under her skin by mentioning her mother's physical relationship with Robert. In her anger, Rosa implies that Robert's group will target her father at Lille University. It turns out to be a diversion so that Thibaut can storm the police station, with racist officer Garrido as an inside man, in an attempt to break Rosa out. Garrido is ordered to execute wounded fellow officer Julie, but he fires above her head. With the sooner-than-expected arrival of armed back-up, Rosa and Thibaut take hostages and demand Karl and Elise be brought to them. Elise comes into the offices alone, and Rosa assaults her for taunting her. Olivier sends in armed officers who shoot both hostage takers. Julie narrowly survives her injuries and is taken to intensive care, where the guilt-ridden Garrido shoots himself, leaving a note for Elise.

15
"Episode 5"
Tim Mielants
Louise Ironside
21 March 2016 (2016-03-21)
10 May 2016
0.334[21] [nb 14]

Rosa survives the shooting but refuses to tell Karl and Elise the whereabouts of Robert. After Sonny talks to her, she confesses that Robert is responsible for the plane hacking, and mentions the name "Koba" before dying from sepsis. Forensics recovers a mobile phone from the police station, and they trace Robert's location. Karl and Elise search the docks, but Elise spots the corpse of a woman killed by Robert and floating on the water. Elise freezes at this reminder of her twin sister's childhood drowning, allowing Robert to escape as he calls "Koba" for safe passage. Karl later questions Hamilton, but Bowden stops him, claiming she is the subject of a separate investigation that is "bigger than us". Laura makes a new friend at work, who later claims that Karl had a child with her when he worked undercover years ago. Knowing Karl's previous transgressions (Series 1: Charlotte Joubert and Kieran Ashton's wife), Laura believes her, angrily confronts Karl and declares their marriage over.

16
"Episode 6"
Tim Mielants
Franck Philippon & Ben Richards
21 March 2016 (2016-03-21)
17 May 2016
0.338[22] [nb 15]

Karl and Elise find a link between the dead Polish detective and Gregor Baturin, an imprisoned Georgian arms dealer. His son Artem/"Koba" is sheltering Robert. They also discover that other victims of the plane crash were linked with Baturin, though not Eryka Klein, who had failed to board the fateful flight due to her missing passport. Eryka goes for drinks with Elise, where she confirms that she grew up with her twin brother in Chile's Colonia Dignidad colony, and that she had been sexually abused there. Karl relentlessly pursues the truth, prompting Bowden to hand Karl a drive on Vanessa Hamilton's case revealing that Hamilton is an MI5 informant with ties to Baturin's organisation. Hamilton finds herself on the run when a van of men arrive outside her home. Robert escapes from "Koba" when he discovers he will not be allowed to brag to the world about crashing the aeroplane. He is quickly recaptured and sent to a sadistic modern Nazi, "The Chemist", who once lived at Colonia Dignidad. Robert is injected with Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever and dies slowly and in agonising pain. BB later discovers his corpse in a car park.

17
"Episode 7"
Carl Tibbetts
Ben Richards
28 March 2016 (2016-03-28)
24 May 2016
0.323[23] [nb 16]

Karl and Elise take Vanessa Hamilton to France for questioning, but she is killed by a poisoned cheroot before they can get much information. Laura learns of Gemma's relationship with Kieran Ashton (the "Truth Terrorist" from Series 1); her story had been fabricated to destroy Karl’s marriage. She and Karl make their peace. Eryka, learning that Gael has left her, initiates sex with Elise. Artem negotiates his father's early release and meets with Eryka, revealing that she is indeed his accomplice. Karl learns the identity of "The Chemist", Dr Edgar Branco, and of his ties to Baturin’s organisation. Elise’s team discover that Eryka purchased the phone used to hack into the downed plane’s autopilot. When Elise suggests this is meaningless, Karl realises that Elise has romantic feelings for Eryka. She reacts defensively but agrees to look at the evidence. That night, Karl and Laura are awoken by their dog’s barking; carbon monoxide has leaked into their house. Thinking it was an attempt to kill him, Karl re-enters his house after sending his family to hospital and, knowing that MI5 are listening, tells them that he will never walk away from the investigation.

18
"Episode 8"
Carl Tibbetts
Ben Richards
28 March 2016 (2016-03-28)
31 May 2016
0.316[24] [nb 17]

Karl confronts MI5 agent Neil Grey, who assures him that the carbon monoxide leak was unplanned. Grey asks him not to arrest Artem/"Koba" for the plane crash because he is using "The Chemist" – who poses a major threat to national security – as leverage for his father Gregor. Eryka escapes after telling Elise that she assisted in the plane crash and that she has no feelings for her. When Gregor dies of a heart attack, Artem assumes duplicity by MI5 and plans revenge. Continued detective leads Karl and Elise to "The Chemist", but Artem's men capture them. When Eryka hears Artem order "The Chemist" to kill them with a deadly plague ("the [UK] will be shut down for years"), she alerts MI5 in order to save Elise. Moments after "The Chemist" injects a pathogen into Elise's eye, police storm the apartment. The fast changing plan quickly unfolds: Elise is rushed to hospital; Grey summarily executes "The Chemist"; Karl and Olivier arrest Artem as he boards a helicopter; Grey helps Eryka onto the helicopter as payment for leading them to both "Koba" and "The Chemist". Karl tells the recovering Elise that the plane's hacking will be suppressed to avoid a panic, but Artem will face justice. Elise later dreams of Eryka returning to her.

text: Series 3: Vengeance (2017)[edit]

text:
No.
Title
Directed by
Written by
British air date
French air date
UK viewers
(millions)

19
"Episode 1"
Anders Engström
Emilia di Girolamo
14 December 2017 (2017-12-14)
4 June 2018
[nb 18] [25]

20
"Episode 2"
Anders Engström
Louise Ironside
14 December 2017 (2017-12-14)
4 June 2018
[nb 19] [26]

21
"Episode 3"
Anders Engström
Jamie Crichton
14 December 2017 (2017-12-14)
11 June 2018
[nb 20] [27]

22
"Episode 4"
Gilles Bannier
John Jackson
14 December 2017 (2017-12-14)
11 June 2018
[nb 21] [28]

23
"Episode 5"
Gilles Bannier
Emilia di Girolamo
14 December 2017 (2017-12-14)
18 June 2018
[nb 22] [29]

24
"Episode 6"
Gilles Bannier
Emilia di Girolamo
14 December 2017 (2017-12-14)
18 June 2018
[nb 23] [30]

text: Notes[edit]

text:
Jump up ^ Combined total of 803,000 Sky Atlantic + 90,000 Sky Atlantic +1
Jump up ^ Combined total of 626,000 Sky Atlantic + 83,000 Sky Atlantic +1
Jump up ^ Combined total of 551,000 Sky Atlantic + 45,000 Sky Atlantic +1
Jump up ^ Combined total of 474,000 Sky Atlantic + 60,000 Sky Atlantic +1
Jump up ^ Combined total of 514,000 Sky Atlantic + 61,000 Sky Atlantic +1
Jump up ^ Combined total of 485,000 Sky Atlantic + 52,000 Sky Atlantic +1
Jump up ^ Combined total of 472,000 Sky Atlantic + 83,000 Sky Atlantic +1
Jump up ^ Combined total of 462,000 Sky Atlantic + 73,000 Sky Atlantic +1
Jump up ^ Combined total of 559,000 Sky Atlantic + 101,000 Sky Atlantic +1
Jump up ^ Combined total of 680,000 Sky Atlantic + 26,000 Sky Atlantic +1
Jump up ^ Combined total of 466,000 Sky Atlantic + 40,000 Sky Atlantic +1
Jump up ^ Combined total of 438,000 Sky Atlantic + 24,000 Sky Atlantic +1
Jump up ^ Combined total of 301,000 Sky Atlantic + 33,000 Sky Atlantic +1
Jump up ^ Combined total of 289,000 Sky Atlantic + 45,000 Sky Atlantic +1
Jump up ^ Combined total of 315,000 Sky Atlantic + 23,000 Sky Atlantic +1
Jump up ^ Combined total of 289,000 Sky Atlantic + 34,000 Sky Atlantic +1
Jump up ^ Combined total of 286,000 Sky Atlantic + 30,000 Sky Atlantic +1
Jump up ^ 230,000 on Wednesday and 164,000 on Thursday
Jump up ^ 179,000 on Thursday
Jump up ^ 136,000 on Wednesday and 290,000 on Thursday
Jump up ^ 155,000 on Thursday
Jump up ^ 2x on Thursday: 98,000 and 93,000
Jump up ^ 65,000 on Wednesday


document_title: High school diploma

question_text: what is the uk equivalent of a high school diploma

text: High school diploma

text: Diplomas in specific jurisdictions[edit]

text: Canada[edit]

text: British Columbia[edit]

text: In British Columbia, the  diploma is known as the British Columbia Certificate of Graduation. The province of BC has two distinct graduation programs:  the BC Certificate of Graduation (Dogwood Diploma) and the BC Adult Graduation Diploma (Adult Dogwood).  Students also have the opportunity to meet their educational goals (other than graduation) through the BC School Completion Certificate (Evergreen Certificate).

text: The current Dogwood requirements have been in place since July 1, 2004.[1]  Under current regulations, students must earn a minimum of 80 credits to graduate, which must include 48 credits for required courses, a minimum of 28 elective credits, and 4 credits for "graduation transitions", a standards-based assessment evaluated by schools under BC Ministry of Education guidelines.[1]  Required courses include, among other things, language arts, social studies, mathematics, and science courses in grades 10, 11, and 12.  Part of the evaluation of students includes standardized provincial examinations in a number of the required courses in grades 10 and 12.  As part of the 80 credits for the Dogwood, 16 credits must be at the Grade 12 level, and must include English 12 or Communications 12.

text: Ontario[edit]

text: In Ontario, the high school diploma is known as the Ontario Secondary School Diploma. The diploma is awarded to all students who complete the Ontario educational curriculum. The requirements for the diploma include compulsory credits in English or French, Mathematics, Science, Canadian History, Canadian  Geography, Arts, Health and Physical Education, and a second language; compulsory half credits in Career Studies and Civics; one credit each from three elective groups; 12 optional credits, 4 of which may be obtained through dual-credit classes; 40 hours of community service; and the Ontario Secondary School Literacy Test. Those who leave school after completing 14 credits but prior to obtaining the diploma can obtain the Ontario Secondary School Certificate.

text: Quebec[edit]

text: Quebec issued the D.E.S. (French: diplôme des études secondaires), formerly Quebec Certificate of Education (and sometimes were known Quebec HS Secondary Certificate and Québécois baccalaureat) before it changed into HS Diploma/Diplôme D.E.S. at the end of secondary V (grade 11), for graduation from secondary school (high school), a five-year school spanning secondary I (grade 7) to secondary V (grade 11).

text: Saskatchewan[edit]

text: To earn a high school diploma, Saskatchewan students are required to earn a total of 24 credits from grades 10 to 12.  For a regular English program diploma, they must earn 5 credits in English Language Arts, 3 credits in Social Studies, 2 credits in mathematics, 2 credits in science, 1 credit in Physical Education/Health Education, 2 credits in Arts Education/Practical and Applied Arts, and 9 elective credits.

text: United States[edit]

text:
Education in the United States
By state and in insular areas
By subject area
History of
Issues: Finance – Law – Literacy – Reform
Levels: Pre-kindergarten – Primary – Secondary – Higher
Organizations

 Education portal United States portalvte

text: A United States high school diploma usually refers to the satisfactory completion of grade schooling including kindergarten through the 12th grade and is then issued by the school district and the high school after a student's graduation.

text: Alabama[edit]

text: In Alabama, all students are required to earn 24 credits. The required credits are: English (4 credits), Math (4 credits), Science (4 credits), History (4 credits), PE/JROTC (1 credit), Health (0.5 credits), Career Prep (1 credit), CTE/arts education/Foreign language (3 credits), and Electives (2.5 credits).

text: County schools offer Honors, and AP classes.

text: California[edit]

text:
In California, students are required to take, and successfully complete the following minimum requirements to earn a high school diploma:
3 years of English,
2 years of Math including Algebra I,
3 years of History/Social Studies including one year of U.S. history and geography; one year of world history, culture, and geography; one semester of American government and civics, and one semester of economics,
2 years of science including biological and physical sciences,
1 year of either visual and performing arts, foreign language, or career technical education,
2 years of Physical Education,
and Beginning in 2005–06, all students must pass the California High School Exit Examination prior to graduation, which is normally first administered in the 10th grade. Most schools' individual graduation requirements far outweigh the state's minimum standards. The California exit exam was suspended until 2018.

text: This information is taken from the California Department of Education.[2]

text: Illinois[edit]

text: In Illinois, students are required to take English, mathematics, science, social science, world language, fine arts, physical education, and elective classes meeting selected criteria as part of the program of study for the High School Diploma. Electives may include advanced courses, career and technical education (CTE), Junior Reserve Officers' Training Corps (JROTC), dual-enrollment, or additional classes in the required subjects that meet school board requirements. Driver's Education is required for all students.[3][4] An additional requirement is a passing grade on the Prairie State Achievement Examination which is typically taken in Grade 11.[5]

text: Accommodations are made for select students with unique needs. English Language Learner (ELL) students may substitute English as a Second Language for English to meet the graduation requirements. Students receiving special education services may complete modified requirements according to an Individualized Education Plan (IEP).

text: New York[edit]

text: In New York State, the high school diploma awarded is known as the Regents Diploma, which is earned upon successful completion of the Regents Exams in the required subjects.[6] Two levels are offered: the standard Regents Diploma and the Regents Diploma with Advanced Designation.[6] Both diplomas require 22 credits, including 4 credits in English, 4 credits in Social Studies, 3 credits in Math, 3 credits in Science, 0.5 credits in Health, 1 credit in Art or Music, and 2 credits in Physical Education; the Regents Diploma requires 1 credit of Secondary Language and 3.5 credits in Sequence Courses or Electives, while the Regents Diploma with Advanced Designation requires 3 credits of Secondary Language and 1.5 credits in Sequence Courses or Electives.[6]

text:
The subjects for which passing grades on the Regents Exams are required for the Regents Diploma include Comprehensive English, any one Mathematics, Global History, US History, any one Science, and Language Other Than English (LOTE).[6] The subjects for which passing grades on the Regents Exams are required for the Regents Diploma with Advanced Designation are Comprehensive English, all three Mathematics, Global History, US History, one physical Science, one life Science, and Language Other Than English (LOTE).[6] A passing score is 65 in each subject; the "With Honors" designation is added if the average score in all required exams is 90 or greater.[6] A "Technical Endorsement" is given to students enrolled in a Career and Technical Education (CTE) program who additionally complete an approved technical assessment, a work-based learning experience, and a work-skills employability profile.
You are also able to receive a Mastery in Mathematics and Mastery in Science designation on your diploma alongside others.

text: The New York State Regents Diploma, with or without advanced designation, honors, or mastery, is the most heavily weighed and usually most influential high school diploma offered in the country. A Regents diploma is often referred to as the most difficult and challenging diploma to obtain. The highest level of a New York State Regents diploma is a: New York State Regents diploma with Honors, Advanced Designation, Mastery of Science, Mastery of Mathematics, with a Technical Endorsement. [6]

text: Texas[edit]

text: In Texas, there are three programs offered for graduation: the Minimum High School Program (MHSP), the Recommended High School Program (RHSP), and the Advanced (Distinguished) High School Program (AHSP/DHSP).[7] The Recommended and Distinguished programs are the streams typically chosen by most students, and are expected of students who are college-bound. Also required for graduation is successful completion with passing grades on the Exit Level examination of the State of Texas Assessments of Academic Readiness (STAAR), which is typically taken in Grade 11. Multiple re-sits for the exam are available, in case of failure on a previous attempt.

text: Students in the Recommended and Distinguished programs must take four years of English, mathematics, science, and social studies classes as part of their program of study.[8] Students in the Distinguished program must also take a minimum amount of advanced-level coursework, which could include Advanced Placement or International Baccalaureate classes or university classes taken as dual-enrollment. Students in the Minimum program have less stringent requirements to complete their diploma than students in the other diploma programs.

text: By Texas state law, completion of the Recommended or Distinguished programs or a program with an equivalent curriculum and level of rigor, along with suitable scores on the SAT or the ACT, is required for a student to be eligible to be considered for admission to a four-year public institution of higher education in Texas.[9]

text: Alternatives[edit]

text: General Education Development (GED)[edit]

text: The General Education Development (GED) credential is offered as an alternative qualification for those who did not successfully earn a high school diploma. Examination involves taking and passing tests in five subjects: Reading, Writing, Mathematics, Science, and Social Studies. A Certificate of High School Equivalency is generally offered to those who successfully complete the GED. While the GED itself may not necessarily enable the same higher education and employment opportunities as the high school diploma, the GED can enhance employability prospects for former high school dropouts, and progression is available to tertiary study at select higher education institutions.

text: IB Diploma Programme[edit]

text: IB World Schools may offer the IB Diploma[10] in lieu of or alongside a traditional high school diploma. The IB Diploma is an academically rigorous program of study. The program of study for the IB Diploma includes subjects chosen from five subject groups: Studies in Language and Literature, Language Acquisition, Individuals and Societies, Sciences, Mathematics, and the Arts.[10][11] Three subjects are taken at Higher Level, and three are taken at Standard Level.[10][11] Also included is the Diploma Programme Core, which is composed of Extended Essay; Theory of Knowledge; and Creativity, Action, and Service (CAS) components.[10][11] The IB Diploma is an internationally recognized academic school-leaving qualification that provides entry to, and in some cases, advanced standing in, university. International Baccalaureate (IB) exams are typically considered equivalent to Advanced Placement (AP) exams and are at an academic level above the high school diploma, and thus university credit may be awarded for successful completion of IB subjects by American and Canadian universities as well as Universities around the World.

text: British qualifications[edit]

text: International General Certificate of Secondary Education (IGCSE)[edit]

text: International schools following the British Curriculum of education may offer the International General Certificate of Secondary Education (IGCSE) qualification, which is considered to be at the same level, in lieu of or alongside a traditional high school diploma. The IGCSE is the international counterpart to the General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE) qualification, taken by secondary school students at Key Stage 4 in the United Kingdom. Edexcel and Cambridge International Examinations (CIE) are examination boards which offer the IGCSE qualification worldwide.

text: Students generally take five to ten subjects, according to their desired program of study and the offerings available at their school; an IGCSE with eight subjects at grades A*-C is considered equivalent to the full high school diploma. Unlike the high school diploma, which is typically studied for in years 9-12 and awarded in year 12, the IGCSE is typically awarded at year 11, after which the A Levels are studied for and awarded.

text: Cambridge Advanced International Certificate of Education (AICE) Diploma[edit]

text: Following successful completion of the GCSE or IGCSE, international schools following the British Curriculum may offer the Cambridge Advanced International Certificate of Education (AICE) Diploma, developed by the Cambridge International Examinations board.[12] As part of the Cambridge AICE Diploma program, students take a combination of Cambridge International AS Level and A Level subjects, administered by Cambridge International Examinations with at least one subject taken in each of three subject areas: Mathematics and Science, Languages, and Arts and Humanities; subjects from a fourth subject group, Global Perspecties, may also be chosen.[12] Six credits must be earned to achieve the Diploma; an AS Level counts as a full (single) credit, and an A Level counts as a double credit.[12] The Cambridge AICE Diploma would typically be completed by the final year of high school. AS and A Levels are at a higher academic level than the high school diploma, and thus university credit may be awarded for A Levels completed as part of the Cambridge AICE Diploma by American and Canadian Universities.

text: Edexcel International Diploma (ID)[edit]

text: As an alternative to the Cambridge AICE Diploma, international schools following the British Curriculum may offer the Edexcel International Diploma (ID), in lieu of or alongside the traditional high school diploma, following successful completion of the GCSE or IGCSE.[13] The International Diploma requires successful completion of three Edexcel A Levels or three BTEC Level 3 Extended Diplomas, along with a Level 3 Extended Project (EPQ), a BTEC Level 3 WorkSkills Plus Certificate, and an Edexcel AS Level in General Studies.[13] This qualification thus allows for a blended mix of academic studies and vocational training, to prepare students for higher education as well as the workplace.[13] The Edexcel International Diploma would typically be completed by the final year of high school. AS and A Levels are at a higher academic level than the high school diploma, and thus university credit may be awarded for A Levels completed as part of the International Diploma by American and Canadian universities .

text: French qualifications[edit]

text: Baccalauréat (Bac)[edit]

text: International schools following the French Curriculum of education may offer the Baccalauréat (Le Bac) in lieu of or alongside a traditional high school diploma. The Baccalauréat is the traditional school-leaving qualification of French schools. The Baccalauréat is offered in several streams; subjects chosen for the Baccalauréat depend on the stream chosen by the student.

text: Baccalauréat Franco Américain (BFA)[edit]

text: Accredited French international schools in the United States may also offer the Baccalauréat Franco Américain (French American Baccalauréat), as an alternative to the traditional Baccalauréat, in lieu of or alongside a traditional high school diploma.[14][15] The French American Baccalauréat is offered as a joint initiative of the College Board and the French Ministry of Education.[14][15] The curriculum includes Advanced Placement (AP) subjects and French classes; in lieu of three French classes, students take three corresponding AP classes in the première (year 11) and terminale (year 12) years of high school.[14][15] AP exams are taken in May of year 11 or year 12, and French Baccalauréat exams are taken according to the normal academic calendar.[14][15] Students may elect to take the Baccalauréat Franco Américain in the Literature (L), Economics (ES), and Science (S) courses of study.[14][15]

text: Recognition[edit]

text: United Kingdom[edit]

text: In England and Wales, the high school diploma is considered to be at the level of the General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE), which is awarded at Year 11.[16][17] For college and university admissions, the high school diploma may be accepted in lieu of the GCSE if an average grade of C is obtained in subjects with a GCSE counterpart.[16]

text: As the more academically rigorous A Levels awarded at Year 13 are expected for university admission, the high school diploma alone is generally not considered to meet university requirements. Students who wish to study in the United Kingdom may additionally participate in the Advanced Placement (AP) or International Baccalaureate (IB) programs, which are considered to be at the level of the A Level qualifications and earn points on the UCAS Tariff,[16][18] or may opt to take A Level examinations in British international schools or as private candidates. College Entrance Examination Board (CEEB) tests, such as the SAT, SAT Subject Tests, or the ACT, may also be considered.

text: The Universities and Colleges Admissions Service (UCAS) recommends that in addition to a high school diploma, grades of 3 or above in at least two, or ideally three, Advanced Placement exams may be considered as meeting general entry requirements for admission.[16] The IB Diploma may also be accepted. For the College Entrance Examination Board tests, a minimum score of 600 or higher in all sections of the SAT or a minimum score of 26 or higher in all sections of the ACT along with a minimum score of 600 in relevant SAT Subject Tests may be considered as meeting general entry requirements for admission.[16]

text: United States and Canada[edit]

text: Within the United States and Canada, there is universal recognition of all officially awarded high school diplomas earned in any jurisdiction. Employers, colleges, and universities generally do not distinguish between high school diplomas based on the jurisdiction of awarding, and consider all high school diplomas of the same level to be equivalent. However, where differences in curriculum requirements or levels of academic rigor are made between diplomas issued in a particular jurisdiction, distinctions may be made. Specific requirements for the curriculum content and the level of academic rigor needed for acceptance may be made by those who request a high school diploma.


document_title: List of Denver Nuggets seasons

question_text: when was the last time the nuggets made the playoffs

text: List of Denver Nuggets seasons

text: āThis is a list of seasons completed by the Denver Nuggets of the National Basketball Association (NBA). They have played for 49 seasons, 38 in the NBA and nine in the American Basketball Association (ABA). As of the close of the 2017 season, they have never reached an NBA Finals and only been to three Western Conference Finals series.

text:
League Champions
Conference Champions
Division Champions
Playoff Berth

text:
Season
League
Conference
Finish
Division
Finish
Wins
Losses
Win%
GB
Playoffs
Awards

Denver Rockets

1967–68
ABA

Western
3rd
45
33
.577
3
Lost Division Semifinals (Buccaneers) 3–2

1968–69
ABA

Western
3rd
44
34
.564
16
Lost Division Semifinals (Oaks) 4–3

1969–70
ABA

Western
1st
51
33
.607
—
Won Division Semifinals (Caps) 4–3
Lost Division Finals (Stars) 4–1

1970–71
ABA

Western
4th
30
54
.357
28

1971–72
ABA

Western
4th
34
50
.405
26
Lost Division Semifinals (Pacers) 4–3

1972–73
ABA

Western
3rd
47
37
.560
8
Lost Division Semifinals (Pacers) 4–1

1973–74
ABA

Western
5th
37
47
.440
14

Denver Nuggets

1974–75
ABA

Western
1st
65
19
.774
—
Won Division Semifinals (Stars) 4–2
Lost Division Finals (Pacers) 4–3

1975–76
ABA

1st
60
24
.714
—
Won Semifinals (Colonels) 4–3
Lost ABA Finals (Nets) 4–2

1976–77
NBA
Western
2nd
Midwest
1st
50
32
.610
—
Lost Conference Semifinals (Trail Blazers) 4–2

1977–78
NBA
Western
2nd
Midwest
1st
48
34
.585
—
Won Conference Semifinals (Bucks) 4–3
Lost Conference Finals (SuperSonics) 4–2

1978–79
NBA
Western
4th
Midwest
2nd
47
35
.573
1
Lost First Round (Lakers) 2–1

1979–80
NBA
Western
9th
Midwest
4th
30
52
.366
19

1980–81
NBA
Western
8th
Midwest
4th
37
45
.451
15

1981–82
NBA
Western
4th
Midwest
2nd
46
36
.561
2
Lost First Round (Suns) 2–1

1982–83
NBA
Western
6th
Midwest
2nd
45
37
.549
8
Won First Round (Suns) 2–1
Lost Conference Semifinals (Spurs) 4–1

1983–84
NBA
Western
7th
Midwest
3rd
38
44
.463
7
Lost First Round (Jazz) 3–2

1984–85
NBA
Western
2nd
Midwest
1st
52
30
.634
—
Won First Round (Spurs) 3–2
Won Conference Semifinals (Jazz) 4–1
Lost Conference Finals (Lakers) 4–1

1985–86
NBA
Western
3rd
Midwest
2nd
47
35
.573
4
Won First Round (Trail Blazers) 3–1
Lost Conference Semifinals (Rockets) 4–2

1986–87
NBA
Western
8th
Midwest
4th
37
45
.451
18
Lost First Round (Lakers) 3–0

1987–88
NBA
Western
2nd
Midwest
1st
54
28
.659
—
Won First Round (SuperSonics) 3–2
Lost Conference Semifinals (Mavericks) 4–2
Doug Moe (COY)

1988–89
NBA
Western
6th
Midwest
3rd
44
38
.537
7
Lost First Round (Suns) 3–0

1989–90
NBA
Western
7th
Midwest
4th
43
39
.524
13
Lost First Round (Spurs) 3–0

1990–91
NBA
Western
14th
Midwest
7th
20
62
.244
35

1991–92
NBA
Western
11th
Midwest
4th
24
58
.293
31

1992–93
NBA
Western
9th
Midwest
4th
36
46
.439
19

Mahmoud Abdul-Rauf (MIP)

1993–94
NBA
Western
8th
Midwest
4th
42
40
.512
16
Won First Round (SuperSonics) 3–2
Lost Conference Semifinals (Jazz) 4–3

1994–95
NBA
Western
8th
Midwest
4th
41
41
.500
21
Lost First Round (Spurs) 3–0
Dikembe Mutombo (DPOY)

1995–96
NBA
Western
10th
Midwest
4th
35
47
.427
24

1996–97
NBA
Western
12th
Midwest
5th
21
61
.256
43

1997–98
NBA
Western
14th
Midwest
7th
11
71
.134
51

1998–99
NBA
Western
12th
Midwest
6th
14
36
.280
23

1999–00
NBA
Western
10th
Midwest
5th
35
47
.427
20

2000–01
NBA
Western
11th
Midwest
6th
40
42
.488
18

2001–02
NBA
Western
12th
Midwest
6th
27
55
.329
31

2002–03
NBA
Western
14th
Midwest
7th
17
65
.207
43

2003–04
NBA
Western
8th
Midwest
6th
43
39
.524
15
Lost First Round (Timberwolves) 4–1

2004–05
NBA
Western
7th
Northwest
2nd
49
33
.598
3
Lost First Round (Spurs) 4–1

2005–06
NBA
Western
3rd
Northwest
1st
44
38
.537
—
Lost First Round (Clippers) 4–1

2006–07
NBA
Western
6th
Northwest
2nd
45
37
.549
6
Lost First Round (Spurs) 4–1
Marcus Camby (DPOY)

2007–08
NBA
Western
8th
Northwest
2nd
50
32
.610
4
Lost First Round (Lakers) 4–0

2008–09
NBA
Western
2nd
Northwest
1st
54
28
.659
—
Won First Round (Hornets) 4–1
Won Conference Semifinals (Mavericks) 4–1
Lost Conference Finals (Lakers) 4–2

2009–10
NBA
Western
4th
Northwest
1st
53
29
.646
—
Lost First Round (Jazz) 4–2

2010–11
NBA
Western
5th
Northwest
2nd
50
32
.610
5
Lost First Round (Thunder) 4–1

2011–12
NBA
Western
6th
Northwest
2nd
38
28
.576
9
Lost First Round (Lakers) 4–3

2012–13
NBA
Western
3rd
Northwest
2nd
57
25
.695
3
Lost First Round (Warriors) 4–2
George Karl (COY)

2013–14
NBA
Western
11th
Northwest
4th
36
46
.439
23

2014–15
NBA
Western
12th
Northwest
4th
30
52
.366
21

2015–16
NBA
Western
11th
Northwest
4th
33
49
.402
40

2016–17
NBA
Western
9th
Northwest
4th
40
42
.488
27

Denver Rockets regular season record (1967–1976)
413
331
.555

Denver Nuggets regular season record (1976–present)
1,603
1,711
.484

All-time Regular Season (1967–present)
2,016
2,042
.497

Denver Nuggets playoffs record (1976–present)
61
101
.377

Denver Rockets playoff record (1967–1976)
27
35
.435

All-time playoff record (1967–present)
88
136
.393

All-time Playoff & Regular Season record
2,104
2,178
.491


document_title: Gossip Girl (novel series)

question_text: who does nate archibald end up with in the books

text: Gossip Girl (novel series)

text: History[edit]

text: The novel that started the series, Gossip Girl, was published in paperback format in April 2002.[2] Two new novels were released annually until the final novel, Don't You Forget About Me, was released in May 2007, showing the main characters graduating from high school and moving on to college and other pursuits.[3] A prequel novel, It Had To Be You, was released in October 2007 in hardcover and electronic book format. It detailed the events that occurred a year before the first novel.[4] A box set containing the eleven novels of the series and the prequel novel, in paperback format, was released November 1, 2009.[5] Two days later, a sequel novel, I Will Always Love You was released. The hardcover book tells the story of the main characters returning home from college for the holidays.[6] Hachette Group re-released all of the original novels in electronic book format between 2008 and 2009.[7]

text: Books nine, ten and eleven of the main series were ghostwritten.[8][9]

text: In December 2009, Yen Press announced that it was working with Korean artist Baek Hye-Kyung to create a manga adaptation of the series titled Gossip Girl: For Your Eyes Only. Rather than adapting the original novels, however, the graphic novels will feature original stories with the same characters. It will be serialized in the company's anthology magazine Yen Plus, with the first chapter appearing in the January 2010 issue.[10]

text: In October 2011 a parody of the series Gossip Girl Psycho Killer was released. It is written by Cecily Von Zeigesar. The identity of Gossip Girl has not been released to the public.

text: Characters[edit]

text: This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (September 2009) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

text:
Blair Waldorf is described as having chestnut brown hair, cobalt blue eyes, a foxlike face, a small physique and being widely involved in extracurricular activities and having a tenacious attitude towards studies. She is considered quite intelligent and very pretty by her peers and elders. Blair uses her charm, cleverness, money and social status to get to where and what she wants. Blair attends Yale University after graduating from high school.[11] Throughout the series, she has an on-off relationship with Nate Archibald, whom she always imagined marrying. At the end of the series, Nate admits he loves her, and always will. Gossip Girl herself says that the two are just meant to be together. Blair's style and attitude portrays her as being quite preppy.
Serena van der Woodsen is described as being slim, ethereally beautiful, and "perfect". Serena dabbled in modeling before landing a starring role in Breakfast at Fred's, a remake of Breakfast at Tiffany's. Serena has kept a steady string of admirers, including Nate Archibald, Dan Humphrey, Aaron Rose, and an entire a cappella group at Yale University. Serena longs for true romance, and initially seeks this with Nate, despite his relationship with her friend Blair. In spite of this, she is easily bored by men in general and does not often pursue committed relationships, preferring to play the field. Serena is often criticized by her classmates, who find her an excellent source of gossip but resent her effortless good looks and her ability to get the attention of any male. Often, she seems sad with her beauty, as she has no "incentive" to do anything. At the end of the book series, Serena decides to stay in New York City, instead of attending one of the many Ivy League schools into which she was accepted, so that she can discover her life for herself. After a break from college, she attends Yale. Serena and Blair have a love-hate relationship with Serena being caring towards Blair every book.
Nate Archibald is a wealthy, good-looking lacrosse player from St. Jude's School for Boys. He has dated a number of girls in the series, but his only serious relationships have been with his on-again/off-again girlfriend, Blair Waldorf and her close friend Serena. After stealing his lacrosse coach's Viagra, he relied on Blair and her alumnus father's connections to get accepted into Yale. Nate eventually left to sail around the world with his father's Navy mentor because he is unable to choose between Blair and Serena. In the sequel, he attends Deep Springs recommended by Chuck Bass, and then Brown University. Eventually, he professes his love for Blair over Serena, which leaves Serena heartbroken and Blair overjoyed. He and Serena got into every college that they entered for.
Dan Humphrey is a sexy, skinny, sensitive, caffeine-addicted poet who often sees the darker side of things. A romantic whose imagination runs off wildly at the worst times, he is also over-analytical and easily frustrated. Dan was in love with Serena for years before they met and briefly dated. Dan also experimented with homosexuality, before he began dating Vanessa Abrams. He is a published writer of poetry and songs. At the end of the series, he is attending Evergreen State College in Washington. In the sequel he transfers to Columbia University. He has had a variety of girlfriends, Serena Van Der Woodsen and Mystery Craze before settling down with Vanessa Abrams.
Jenny Humphrey is Dan's younger sister and an aspiring artist who wishes to be more like Serena, whom she eventually befriends. She often tries to fit in with the rich girls at her school, even though she does not hold a place in their social sphere. She is eventually kicked out of the Constance Billard School for Girls and sent to a boarding school where she reinvents herself as the "it girl", à la Serena. Her move to the boarding school and her life there became the topic of a spin-off of the series, The It Girl. She admires people such as Blair Waldorf and Serena Van Der Woodsen.
Vanessa Abrams is a budding filmmaker and the total opposite of most of her classmates, sporting a shaved head and always wears black. She has a shaky relationship with Dan Humphrey, particularly after she ends up living with the Humphrey family for a short time. At the end of the series, she is attending New York University. In the prequel it is revealed she shaved her head in front of Blair.
Chuck Bass is the series' handsome, lust-driven antagonist who tries to take advantage of several girls, though it is eventually revealed that he is quite possibly bisexual. He is largely despised by other characters, but due to his wealth and power, he is tolerated. Notes for a planned prequel to the series revealed that Chuck was originally called "Chip Wiskers", but the name was later scrapped in favor of the more substantial sounding variation of the "wood word + animal name" themed moniker applied in the final draft. Plans to depict "Chip" as a Rhythm Gymnast were also cut, due to the overtly feminine nature of the sport. At the end of the series, he is not accepted into any college that he applied to and claims he is going to military college. However, he never arrives at the school and his whereabouts remain unknown. He later returns to New York as a changed, respectable man, albeit somewhat dependent on his wealth. In the books, Chuck is a secondary character.[12] However, he is elevated to a primary role in its television adaptation, in which he holds an intense relationship with Blair, and is best friends with Nate and Serena.

tag: ul

text: List of novels[edit]

text: Gossip Girl[edit]

text:
Title
Publication date
Length
ISBN

Gossip Girl
April 1, 2002[2]
224 pp (first edition)
ISBN 978-0-316-91033-0

Teenager Blair Waldorf sneaks away from a party to have sex with her boyfriend Nate Archibald, however they are interrupted by the return of Blair's old friend Serena van der Woodsen, who was away at boarding school. When Serena was around, Blair felt as if she were lost in Serena's shadow, so she is not thrilled that Serena has returned. She is also unhappy to find out that Nate and Serena had sex the summer before Serena left. She tries to keep Serena out of the loop and encourages others to ignore her. Not understanding why she is getting the cold shoulder, Serena decides to try new activities and tries out for the school play, but is rejected. Later she tries out for Vanessa Abrams' short film, War and Peace, in Central Park. However, Vanessa grows jealous when her best friend and secret crush, Dan Humphrey, who is in love with Serena, seems infatuated with her. Vanessa chooses another girl for the part. Undeterred, Serena decides to make her own film and enlists the help of Jenny Humphrey, Dan's younger sister. Throughout the story, the various characters regularly visit "Gossip Girl," a popular, anonymous blog that spreads rumors and gossip about them. During a benefit organized by Blair, which Jenny has been trying to get into, Chuck Bass attacks Jenny, but Dan Humphrey and Serena rescue her.

You Know You Love Me
September 1, 2002[13]
256 pp (first edition)
ISBN 978-0-316-91148-1

Eleanor Waldorf's upcoming wedding with Cyrus Rose threatens to overshadow Blair's birthday. College interviews bring out the best and worst in the seniors, as Blair hangs out with her new stepbrother-to-be Aaron Rose, and Dan finds out how just not into him Serena is. Nate starts hanging out with Jenny, and Jenny falls madly in love with him. Serena and Blair reunite as best friends again. Nate eventually two times Blair with Jenny at Eleanor's wedding, bringing Serena and Blair closer.

All I Want Is Everything
May 7, 2003[14]
240 pp (first edition)
ISBN 978-0-316-91212-9

Christmas time in New York City has arrived and Serena moves from dating superstar Flow to vegan Aaron when they all end up on a Caribbean vacation with the Waldorfs. Jenny gets stalkerish with Nate, while Nate realizes who he truly loves. Blair learns that her mother is pregnant and decides that Nate isn't worthy of being her leading man. Jenny paints a number of portraits of Nate.

Because I'm Worth It
October 1, 2003[15]
256 pp (first edition)
ISBN 978-0-316-90968-6

Vanessa and Dan's romance comes to a halt when he turns into an overnight literary superstar with her help. Serena makes her modeling debut during Fashion Week, inadvertently pushing away her boyfriend Aaron. Nate is sent to rehab where he meets Georgina Spark. Dan two times Vanessa with Mystery Craze while Vanessa watches crying silently.

I Like It Like That
May 5, 2004[16]
224 pp (first edition)
ISBN 978-0-316-73518-6

Spring break arrives. Serena, Blair, Nate and Georgina are off to ski in Sun Valley where Blair nearly sleeps with Serena's brother Erik. Jenny finds out her boyfriend is keeping a secret from her. Dan interns at a pretentious literary magazine, while Nate realizes just how crazy Georgina Spark can be. Serena and Georgina become friends before Chuck and Georgina send Serena snow boarding in close to nothing. The board capsizes and Serena falls in a ditch.

You're the One That I Want
October 6, 2004[17]
256 pp (first edition)
ISBN 978-0-316-73516-2

College acceptance letters are arriving and Serena and Nate get in everywhere she applied while Blair is waitlisted for her dream school, Yale. Jenny becomes a model with S's help and realizes she wants to be more like Serena. Dan and Vanessa decide to live together – briefly. Dan becomes irritated with Vanessa's new friend Tiphany and her ferret.

Nobody Does It Better
May 11, 2005[18]
256 pp (first edition)
ISBN 978-0-316-73512-4

After briefly living at the Plaza, Blair unexpectedly decides to move in with – Vanessa. Racy pictures of Jenny surface, landing her in trouble at Constance, which she loves. Jenny wants to go to boarding school.

Nothing Can Keep Us Together
October 5, 2005[19]
240 pp (first edition)
ISBN 978-0-316-73509-4

As graduation approaches, Blair moves out of V's apartment and into the Yale club where she meets Lord Marcus. A filmmaker is casting talent for a remake of Breakfast at Tiffany's. Jenny scouts boarding schools setting up her exit from the series for her spin-off series, The It Girl. B and S audition for the lead in Breakfast at Fred's but Serena lands the role tearing her and Blair's friendship again.

Only in Your Dreams written by ghost-writer
May 10, 2006[20]
256 pp (first edition)
ISBN 978-0-316-01182-2

Nate dates a Hamptons townie named Tawny and Dan two-times Vanessa with yoga-loving Bree. Blair returns from London and lives with Serena. Not surprisingly when Nate and Tawny meet Blair and Serena, the two girls reaction is not impressed.

Would I Lie to You? written by ghost-writer
October 4, 2006[21]
224 pp (first edition)
ISBN 978-0-316-01183-9

Blair and Nate reunite just as Serena realizes she's in love with him. Dan starts an experimental literary salon and thinks he's gay after making out with his male co-worker.

Don't You Forget About Me written by ghost-writer
May 1, 2007[3]
304 pp (first edition)
ISBN 978-0-316-01184-6

As summer winds down, Blair learns that her family is relocating to California. Dan finally figures out whom his heart really belongs to. Nate is forced to choose between Blair and Serena. Dan's mother returns and gives him presents for being gay.

It Had To Be You
October 2, 2007[4]
417 pp (first edition)
ISBN 978-0-316-01768-8

This prequel to the Gossip Girl series reveals how Serena left Constance Billard School for Girls after falling in love with Nate. The story also explores Blair's obsession with Audrey Hepburn, and how Nate came between best friends Serena and Blair.

I Will Always Love You
November 3, 2009[6]
400 pp (first edition)
ISBN 978-0-316-04361-8

The original cast returns to New York. Blair is studying law at Yale and has a boyfriend there. However, Blair and Nate have a whirlwind romance for several days and Nate realizes Blair is the one he was meant to be with. That is, until he lays eyes on Serena, who is now an A-list movie star, and is more confused than ever. Dan leaves Evergreen and transfers to Columbia so he can be close to Vanessa. Vanessa is overwhelmed with all of Dan's ideas of living together and starting a life causing her to cheat on him with Hollis, her TA. Dan is overwhelmed with sorrow until Serena reads one of his poems and they start dating again. Chuck returns straight, penniless, and full of wisdom. Vanessa leaves Hollis angrily.

Psycho Killer
October 3, 2011[22]
320 pp (first edition)
ISBN 978-0-316-18509-7

A slasher parody reworking of the first book of the series, turning Blair and Serena into serial killers.

text: Gossip Girl: The Carlyles[edit]

text:
Title
Publication date
Length
ISBN

Gossip Girl: The Carlyles written by Baby Annabelle
May 6, 2008[23]
256 pp (first edition)
ISBN 978-0-316-02064-0

Get out your Montblanc pens, Chloe satchels, and cashmere cardigans: it's a brand-new season on the Upper East Side, and the irresistible Carlyle triplets are taking Manhattan by storm. You know it's going to be another wild and wicked year, and I'll be here to whisper all the juicy secrets.

You Just Can't Get Enough written by Annabelle Vestry
October 7, 2008[24]
240 pp (first edition)
ISBN 978-0-316-02065-7

It's September – time to put away your white eyelet sundresses and platform espadrilles and say goodbye to the East End. But say hello to Manhattan's newest residents, the scene-stealing, heart-stealing Carlyle triplets. Lock up your boyfriends and throw away the key, because B and A are hotter than NYC during a sultry Indian summer.

Take a Chance on Me written by Annabelle Vestry
May 12, 2009[25]
256 pp (first edition)
ISBN 978-0-316-02066-4

Baby Carlyle breaks up with J.P., Avery and Jack become good friends, and Owen dates Kelsey for a while and then dumps her, as he realizes that they don't really know each other and their only attraction is lust. Rhys is heartbroken over Kelsey, but gets over her and forgives Owen.

Love the One You're With written by Annabelle Vestry
October 1, 2009[26]
240 pp (first edition)
ISBN 978-0-316-02067-1

The Carlyles go on Vacation to the Bahamas with Remington, their mom's fiancé, his daughter, Layla, and her boyfriend, Riley. They are joined by Rhys, Owen's friend, and Jack. Baby feels alone, until she realizes that she and Riley have a real connection. But she and Layla make a great team too... Rhys is being pressured by Hugh and the swim team to hook up with a girl, so Owen decides to set him up with an aggressive British girl. But the only girl Rhys has eyes for is Avery... Owen's sister. Jack realizes that her feelings for Owen run much deeper than she thought, but she can't bring herself to tell Avery. Amidst all of the secret drama, Remington and Edie Carlyle decide to get married.

text: Reception[edit]

text: This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (December 2009)

text: The criticism of this series primarily revolves around whether the events depicted in the story are appropriate for the teenage audience the books attract.[27][28] American author and feminist Naomi Wolf calls the books "corruption with a cute overlay," and she claims that "sex saturates the Gossip Girl books.... This is not the frank sexual exploration found in a Judy Blume novel, but teenage sexuality via Juicy Couture, blasé and entirely commodified."[29]

text: Pam Spencer Holley, former YALSA President with the American Library Association (ALA), presents a different point of view, claiming simply to be "happy to see teen girls reading."[30] Confident that young girls will move onto more respected literature, she points out, "Unless you read stuff that's perhaps not the most literary, you'll never understand what good works are." She went on to say, "Nobody complains about the adult women who read Harlequin romances."[30] Holley created a new ALA book list to encourage teens to consult a list of recommendations for "both avid and reluctant readers, who are looking for books like Cecily von Ziegesar's Gossip Girl series. 'The books on this list are perfect for when your readers have finished with every Gossip Girl title in your library and are clamoring for another book like the Gossip Girl....'"[31]

text: Television adaptation[edit]

text: The television adaptation of the novel series, also titled Gossip Girl, was picked up by The CW.[32] Josh Schwartz, the creator of The O.C., is executive producer for the project.[33] In the show, Blake Lively plays Serena, Leighton Meester plays Blair, Chace Crawford plays Nate, Penn Badgley plays Dan, Ed Westwick plays Chuck, Taylor Momsen plays Jenny and Jessica Szohr plays Vanessa. The show is loosely based on the books and does not follow the same story line.[34] Some key characters from the books, such as Aaron Rose or the Lord, are introduced into the show with different storylines, and some characters undergo changes to their personality and characteristics. For example, Serena's older brother in the books, Erik van der Woodsen, is two years younger than her instead of older, and the characters of Serena, Blair, Chuck and Nate have been best friends since childhood compared to the novel series where the story's main friendship was only between Serena, Blair and Nate; with Chuck not being one of the main characters.


document_title: Three-toed sloth

question_text: when algae lives on a sloth it is considered

text: Three-toed sloth

text: Evolution[edit]

text: A study of cytochrome b and 16S rRNA sequences suggests that B. torquatus diverged from B. variegatus and B. tridactylus about 12 million years ago, while the latter two split 5 to 6 million years ago. The diversification of B. variegatus lineages was estimated to have started 4 to 5 million years ago.[2]

text: Relation to the two-toed sloth[edit]

text: Although similar to the somewhat larger and generally faster-moving two-toed sloths, the two genera are placed in different families. Recent phylogenetic analyses support the morphological data from the 1970s and 1980s that the two genera are not closely related and that each adopted their arboreal lifestyles independently.[3] It is unclear from which ground-dwelling sloth taxa the three-toed sloths evolved or whether they retain their arboreality from the last common ancestor of sloths; the two-toed sloths appear to nest phylogenetically within one of the divisions of ground-dwelling Caribbean megalonychids,[4] thus probably either descended from them or are part of a clade that invaded the Caribbean multiple times. Both types of sloth tend to occupy the same forests; in most areas, a particular species of three-toed sloth and a single species of the larger two-toed type will jointly predominate. Famously slow-moving, the sloth travels at an average speed of 0.24 km/h (0.15 mph).[5]

text: Characteristics[edit]

text: Three-toed sloths are about the size of a small dog or a large cat, with the head and body having a combined length around 45 cm (18 in) and a weight of 3.5–4.5 kg (8–10 lb). Unlike the two-toed sloths, they also have short tails of 6–7 cm (2–3 in), and they have three clawed toes on each limb. They are frequently referred to as three-toed sloths, but all sloths have three toes; the difference is found in the number of fingers, meaning that they are now more appropriately referred to as three-fingered sloths. This idea was first implemented by Judy Avey-Arroyo, cofounder of the world's only sloth sanctuary, but is now recognized in numerous publications as the correct terminology for these animals.[6]

text: Behavior[edit]

text: Unlike the two-toed sloth, three-toed sloths are agile swimmers. They are still slow in trees.[7] The offspring cling to their mother's bellies for around nine months. They cannot walk on all four limbs, so they must use their front arms and claws to drag themselves across the rainforest floor.

text: Three-toed sloths are arboreal (tree-dwelling), with a body adapted to hang by their limbs. They live high in the canopy, but descend once a week to defecate on the forest floor. Their long, coarse fur often appears greenish, not due to pigment, but to algae growing on it. Sloths' greenish color and their sluggish habits provide an effective camouflage; hanging quietly, sloths resemble a bundle of leaves. Large, curved claws help sloths to keep a strong grip on tree branches.[5]

text: They move between different trees up to four times a day, although they prefer to keep to a particular type of tree, which varies between individuals, perhaps as a means of allowing multiple sloths to occupy overlapping home ranges without competing with each other.[8]

text: Three-toed sloths are predominantly diurnal, although they can be active at any hour of the day, while two-toed sloths are nocturnal.[9]

text: Lifecycle[edit]

text: Members of this genus tend to live around 25 to 30 years, reaching sexual maturation at three to five years of age.

text: Three-toed sloths do not have a mating season and breed year round. Females give birth to a single young after a gestation period around six months. They are weaned around nine months of age, when the mother leaves her home territory to her offspring and moves elsewhere. Adults are solitary, and mark their territories using anal scent glands and dung middens.[8]

text: Male three-toed sloths are attracted to females in estrus by their screams echoing throughout the canopy. Sloth copulation lasts an average of 25 minutes.[10] Male three-toed sloths are strongly polygamous, and exclude competitors from their territory. Males are also able to compete with one another within small habitable territories.[11]

text: The home ranges used by wild brown-throated three-toed sloths in Costa Rica include cacao, pasture, riparian forests, and living fence-rows. For the first few months after giving birth, mothers remain at just one or two trees, and guide their young. At about five to seven months of age, when the young have become more independent, mothers expand their resources and leave their young in new areas. The home range for mothers are larger than those of young. After separation, only the mothers use the cacao agro forest, but both use riparian forest. Different types of trees are used by both mother and young, which indicates that this agricultural matrix provides an important habitat type for these animals.[12]

text: Dentition and skeleton[edit]

text: Three-toed sloths have no incisor or canine teeth, just a set of peg-shaped cheek teeth that are not clearly divided into premolars and molars, and lack homology with those teeth in other mammals, thus are referred to as molariforms. The molariform dentition in three-toed sloths is simple and can be characterized as dental formula of: 54-5.[13]

text: Three-toed sloths are unusual amongst the mammals in possessing as many as nine cervical vertebrae, which may be due to mutations in the homeotic genes.[14] All other mammals have seven cervical vertebrae,[15] other than the two-toed sloth and the manatee, which have only six.

text: Species[edit]

text:
B. pygmaeus – pygmy three-toed sloth (critically endangered species)
B. torquatus – maned three-toed sloth (endangered species)
B. tridactylus – pale-throated three-toed sloth
B. variegatus – brown-throated three-toed sloth


document_title: List of Major League Baseball single-game strikeout leaders

question_text: what pitcher holds the record for striking out the most batters in a single game

text: Players[edit]

text:
Key

Pitcher
Name of the pitcher

Date
Date of the game

Team
The player's team at the time of the game

Opposing team
The team against whom the pitcher struck out 18 players

Score
Final score of the game, with the player's team score listed first

Strikeouts
Number of strikeouts the pitcher recorded

Career Ks
Career strikeouts

Elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame

*
Player is active

Indicates the player's team lost the game

text:
MLB pitchers with 18 strikeouts in a nine-inning game

Pitcher
Date
Team
Opposing team
Score
Strikeouts
Career Ks
Refs

Scherzer, MaxMax Scherzer*
000000002016-05-11-0000May 11, 2016
Washington Nationals
Detroit Tigers
3–2
20
1,881
[16][17]

Wood, KerryKerry Wood
000000001998-05-06-0000May 6, 1998
Chicago Cubs
Houston Astros
2–0
20
1,582
[11][18]

Clemens, RogerRoger Clemens
000000001996-09-18-0000September 18, 1996
Boston Red Sox
Detroit Tigers
4–0
20
4,672
[19][20]

Clemens, RogerRoger Clemens
000000001986-04-29-0000April 29, 1986
Boston Red Sox
Seattle Mariners
3–1
20
4,672
[20][21]

Johnson, RandyRandy Johnson
000000001997-08-08-0000August 8, 1997
Seattle Mariners
Chicago White Sox
5–0
19
4,875
[22][23]

Johnson, RandyRandy Johnson
000000001997-06-24-0000June 24, 1997
Seattle Mariners
Oakland Athletics
1–4
19
4,875
[23][24]

Cone, DavidDavid Cone
000000001991-10-06-0000October 6, 1991
New York Mets
Philadelphia Phillies
7–0
19
2,668
[25][26]

Ryan, NolanNolan Ryan
000000001974-08-12-0000August 12, 1974
California Angels
Boston Red Sox
4–2
19
5,714
[27][28]

Seaver, TomTom Seaver
000000001970-04-22-0000April 22, 1970
New York Mets
San Diego Padres
2–1
19
3,640
[29][30]

Carlton, SteveSteve Carlton
000000001969-09-15-0000September 15, 1969
St. Louis Cardinals
New York Mets
3–4
19
4,136
[31][32]

Daily, HughHugh Daily
000000001884-07-07-0000July 7, 1884
Chicago Browns
Boston Reds
10–4
19
846
[33][34]

Sweeney, CharlieCharlie Sweeney
000000001884-06-07-0000June 7, 1884
Providence Grays
Boston Beaneaters
2–1
19
505
[35][36]

Kluber, CoreyCorey Kluber*
000000002015-05-13-0000May 13, 2015
Cleveland Indians
St. Louis Cardinals
2–0
18
630
[37][38]

Sheets, BenBen Sheets
000000002004-05-16-0000May 16, 2004
Milwaukee Brewers
Atlanta Braves
4–1
18
1,325
[39][40]

Clemens, RogerRoger Clemens
000000001998-08-25-0000August 25, 1998
Toronto Blue Jays
Kansas City Royals
3–0
18
4,672
[20][41]

Johnson, RandyRandy Johnson
000000001992-09-27-0000September 27, 1992
Seattle Mariners
Texas Rangers
2–3
18
4,875
[23][42]

Martínez, RamónRamón Martínez
000000001990-06-04-0000June 4, 1990
Los Angeles Dodgers
Atlanta Braves
6–0
18
1,427
[43][44]

Gullickson, BillBill Gullickson
000000001980-09-10-0000September 10, 1980
Montreal Expos
Chicago Cubs
4–2
18
1,279
[10][45]

Guidry, RonRon Guidry
000000001978-06-17-0000June 17, 1978
New York Yankees
California Angels
4–0
18
1,778
[46][47]

Ryan, NolanNolan Ryan
000000001976-09-10-0000September 10, 1976
California Angels
Chicago White Sox
3–2
18
5,714
[28][48]

Wilson, DonDon Wilson
000000001968-07-14-0000July 14, 1968
Houston Astros
Cincinnati Reds
6–1
18
1,283
[49][50]

Koufax, SandySandy Koufax
000000001962-04-24-0000April 24, 1962
Los Angeles Dodgers
Chicago Cubs
10–2
18
2,396
[51][52]

Koufax, SandySandy Koufax
000000001959-08-31-0000August 31, 1959
Los Angeles Dodgers
San Francisco Giants
5–2
18
2,396
[52][53]

Feller, BobBob Feller
000000001938-10-02-0000October 2, 1938
Cleveland Indians
Detroit Tigers
1–4
18
2,581
[54][55]

Porter, HenryHenry Porter
000000001884-10-03-0000October 3, 1884
Milwaukee Brewers
Boston Reds
4–5
18
659
[56][57]

Shaw, DupeeDupee Shaw
000000001884-07-19-0000July 19, 1884
Boston Reds
St. Louis Maroons
0–1
18
950
[58][59]

text: 18 strikeouts in extra-inning games[edit]

text: Seven different pitchers have struck out at least 18 batters in an extra-inning Major League Baseball (MLB) game to date. Only Nolan Ryan accomplished the feat more than once in his career and no player has ever struck out more than 21 batters in a game.

text: The following list is kept separate from the above list of pitchers who have struck out 18 or more batters in a nine-inning game. This is due to the differing number of innings pitched during an extra-inning game, the lack of a definitive endpoint to the game that would otherwise allow for a fair comparison to be made, and the advantage of having more opportunities to strike out players during an extra-inning game as opposed to one lasting nine innings.

text:
Key

IP
Innings pitched by the pitcher in the game

text:
MLB pitchers with 18 strikeouts in an extra-inning game

Pitcher
Date
Team
Opposing team
Score
Strikeouts
IP
Career Ks
Refs

Cheney, TomTom Cheney
000000001962-09-12-0000September 12, 1962
Washington Senators
Baltimore Orioles
2–1
21
16
345
[60][61]

Johnson, RandyRandy Johnson
000000002001-05-08-0000May 8, 2001
Arizona Diamondbacks
Cincinnati Reds
4–3
20
9[b]
4,875
[23][62]

Tiant, LuisLuis Tiant
000000001968-07-03-0000July 3, 1968
Cleveland Indians
Minnesota Twins
1–0
19
10
2,416
[63][64]

Ryan, NolanNolan Ryan
000000001974-06-14-0000June 14, 1974
California Angels
Boston Red Sox
4–3
19
13
5,714
[28][65]

Ryan, NolanNolan Ryan
000000001974-08-20-0000August 20, 1974
California Angels
Detroit Tigers
0–1
19
11
5,714
[28][66]

Ryan, NolanNolan Ryan
000000001977-06-08-0000June 8, 1977
California Angels
Toronto Blue Jays
2–1
19
10
5,714
[28][67]

Spahn, WarrenWarren Spahn
000000001952-06-14-0000June 14, 1952
Boston Braves
Chicago Cubs
1–3
18
15
2,583
[68][69]

Short, ChrisChris Short
000000001965-10-02-0000October 2, 1965
Philadelphia Phillies
New York Mets
0–0
18
15
1,629
[70][71]

Maloney, JimJim Maloney
000000001965-06-14-0000June 14, 1965
Cincinnati Reds
New York Mets
0–1
18
11
1,605
[72][73]