document_title: List of Pirates of the Caribbean characters

question_text: who is captain teague in pirates of the caribbean

question_tokens: who is captain teague in pirates of the caribbean

text: List of Pirates of the Caribbean characters

text: Primary characters[edit]

text: Jack Sparrow[edit]

text: Captain Jack Sparrow is the protagonist of the series, portrayed by Johnny Depp. First introduced in the film Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl (2003), he later appears in the sequels Dead Man's Chest (2006), At World's End (2007), On Stranger Tides (2011), and Dead Men Tell No Tales (2017). Depp based his characterization on The Rolling Stones guitarist Keith Richards and cartoon character Pepé Le Pew.[1] He insists on being introduced as "Captain" Jack Sparrow.

text: In the first film, Sparrow is the former captain of the Black Pearl. After a mutiny by his first mate Hector Barbossa, he is left to die on an island. Though Barbossa and his crew are immortal as a result of a curse, Sparrow craves revenge. With the help of Will Turner and Elizabeth Swann, he lifts the curse and kills Barbossa.

text: In Dead Man's Chest, it is revealed that Sparrow once made a deal with Davy Jones.[2] Jones raised the Black Pearl from the sea in exchange for a guarantee of service as a crewman on the Flying Dutchman. When Jones attempts to collect on the bargain, Sparrow flees. He attempts to find the Dead Man's Chest, which contains Jones's heart; this would give Sparrow leverage over Jones. At the end of the film, Sparrow is betrayed by Elizabeth Swann and dragged to Davy Jones's Locker by the Kraken.

text: In the third film, it is revealed that Sparrow is one of the members of the Brethren Court, acting as Pirate Lord of the Caribbean. Calypso, a sea goddess, needs all nine Pirate Lords to free her from a curse laid upon her by the original Brethren Court. She resurrects Barbossa, who is also one of the Pirate Lords, and organizes an expedition to rescue Jack from Davy Jones's Locker.[3] Through a complex series of negotiations and betrayals, Jack schemes to kill Davy Jones and take his place as the immortal captain of the Flying Dutchman. After Will Turner is mortally wounded, Sparrow allows him to kill Jones, thus sacrificing his chance at immortality in order to save his friend. At the end of the film, Barbossa once again commandeers the Black Pearl, but it is revealed that Sparrow has stolen the ship's charts which point the way towards the Fountain of Youth.

text: In the fourth film, Jack seeks out the Fountain of Youth and becomes reacquainted with his love interest Angelica.[4] She takes him aboard the Queen Anne's Revenge, captained by Blackbeard. Barbossa, who has lost one of his legs and the Pearl to Blackbeard, works with Jack to reach the Fountain. Though the Fountain is destroyed before he can achieve immortality, Jack kills Blackbeard by tricking him into sacrificing his life as part of the Fountain's magical ritual.

text: In the fifth film, Jack is pursued by Armando Salazar, an undead Spanish pirate hunter. Sparrow is also seeking the Trident of Poseidon, which gives its wielder control of the seas.[5]

text: Jack Sparrow is also the subject of two series of books, Pirates of the Caribbean: Jack Sparrow and Pirates of the Caribbean: Legends of the Brethren Court, and one standalone novel, Pirates of the Caribbean: The Price of Freedom. The character has also appeared in numerous video games, such as The Legend of Jack Sparrow.[6]

text: Hector Barbossa[edit]

text: Hector Barbossa, portrayed by Australian actor Geoffrey Rush, appears in all of the films. In the fourth film, On Stranger Tides, he has become a privateer in the British Royal Navy and is ordered to be Jack's guide on an expedition for the Fountain of Youth.

text: In the first film, Barbossa is captain of the pirate ship Black Pearl. He was the former first mate of the Black Pearl and led a mutiny against former captain, Jack Sparrow. Barbossa persuaded Jack to reveal the bearings to Isla de Muerta where the Chest of Cortez was hidden. After Sparrow divulged the location, Barbossa and the crew left Sparrow to starve on a tiny island. After stealing the gold, Barbossa and his crew became undead and unable to feel physical pleasure.

text: To lift the curse, the crew needed to return all 882 medallions to the chest and offer their blood. Their shipmate Bootstrap Bill Turner believed that they deserved the curse as punishment for their mutiny, and sent one coin to his son, Will. In retaliation, Barbossa tied Bootstrap to a cannon and threw him overboard. For years, Barbossa searched for the last coin and the child of Bootstrap Bill, both of which were needed to break the curse. Elizabeth Swann takes the medallion from Will Turner. Barbossa, believing her to be Bootstrap Bill's daughter, kidnaps her. He later learns that Will is Bootstrap Bill's child; he captures Will and plans to execute him to break the curse. As Jack and Barbossa duel, Will breaks the curse by returning the last coin and offering his blood. Barbossa bleeds out from his wounds.

text: In the final scene of the second film, Barbossa is revealed to have been resurrected by Tia Dalma.

text: Returning in the third installment, he joins forces with Will, Elizabeth and the Black Pearl crew in their attempt to rescue Jack from the Locker.[3] In order to break the curse confining her to human form, the sea goddess Calypso needs the Pieces of Eight from all nine Pirate Lords. It is for this reason that she resurrected Barbossa, who is the Pirate Lord of the Caspian Sea. At the meeting of the Fourth Brethren Court, Barbossa steals the Pieces of Eight from the other pirate lords and uses them to release her. During the battle against Davy Jones, he officiates a makeshift wedding for Will and Elizabeth.

text: After defeating Jones and Beckett, Barbossa once again steals the Pearl from Jack and sails in search of the Fountain of Youth. By the events of the fourth film, Blackbeard has taken the Pearl from Barbossa, who lost a leg during his escape. Barbossa has become a privateer in the service of King George II in order to gain resources to take revenge upon Blackbeard. After Blackbeard's death during the film's climax, he becomes the new captain of Blackbeard's ship, the Queen Anne's Revenge.

text: In the fifth film, Dead Men Tell No Tales, Barbossa controls a wealthy fleet. After this fleet is threatened by Armando Salazar, Barbossa promises to lead him to Jack Sparrow.

text: Barbossa and Salazar encounter Sparrow, who escapes to an island. Barbossa promises to go to land and retrieve Sparrow, but he and his crew double cross Salazar to team up with Sparrow, Henry Turner, and Carina Smyth, whom Barbossa seems to recognize. Barbossa uses Blackbeard's sword to release the Black Pearl from its imprisonment in a bottle, and they attempt to use it to outrun Salazar. Barbossa reveals in a conversation with Jack that he is Carina's father. He left Carina at an orphanage after her mother's death to give her a chance at a normal life, along with a journal with a red ruby on its cover. This journal contains a map which leads to the Trident of Poseidon.

text: Carina uses the ruby to reveal the path to the Trident of Poseidon. The Trident is destroyed, resulting in Salazar becoming mortal. Jack, Henry and Carina try to climb to safety, while Salazar pursues them. Barbossa sacrifices himself to kill Salazar. This gives Sparrow, Carina, and Henry a chance to escape. Before dying, he reveals to Carina that he is her father and that he loves her.

text: Elizabeth Swann[edit]

text: Elizabeth Swann (later Elizabeth Turner) appears in the first three films in the series and is the leading lady of the series, portrayed by Keira Knightley. She appears in The Curse of the Black Pearl, Dead Man's Chest, and At World's End and briefly in Dead Men Tell No Tales. She is the daughter of Governor Weatherby Swann. In the third film, she marries Will Turner.

text: In the first film, a young Elizabeth helps rescue Will Turner from a shipwreck; she steals a pirate's medallion from Will in order to protect him. As an adult, she is engaged to James Norrington. Captain Barbossa captures Elizabeth. Because she possesses the medallion, he presumes she is the daughter of Bootstrap Bill Turner, whose blood is needed to lift the pirates' curse. She assists Will and Jack in defeating Barbossa.

text: In Dead Man's Chest, Elizabeth has ended her engagement with Norrington in favor of marrying Will Turner; their wedding is interrupted when they are arrested by Colonel Beckett for piracy.[2] Elizabeth later kills Jack Sparrow by seducing him and chaining him to the mast of the Black Pearl, where he is dragged to Davy Jones's Locker by the Kraken.

text: In the third film, Elizabeth helps rescue Jack from the Locker.[3] She becomes the pirate lord of the South China Sea after Sao Feng's death; she is later elected Pirate King by the Fourth Brethren Court. As King, she declares war on Beckett and leads the battle against him. Elizabeth marries Will Turner, who becomes the new captain of the Flying Dutchman. The curse of being the captain only allows Will to return to shore for one day every ten years. In a post-credits scene after the film, Elizabeth is raising their son; she takes the boy, now nine years old, to meet his father for the first time.

text: Elizabeth does not appear in On Stranger Tides.[4] She appears in Dead Man Tell No Tales in a cameo scene.[7]

text: Will Turner[edit]

text: William "Will" Turner Jr.  is portrayed by Orlando Bloom. He appears in The Curse of the Black Pearl, Dead Man's Chest, At World's End, and Dead Men Tell No Tales. He is the only child of pirate "Bootstrap" Bill Turner and the husband of Elizabeth Swann Turner. As of the fifth film, Will is the captain of the Flying Dutchman.

text: In the first film, a young Will Turner is rescued from a shipwreck by James Norrington and Elizabeth Swann. As an adult, Will is a blacksmith's apprentice working in Port Royal. He loves Elizabeth, although he is of a lower social class. Will helps Jack escape from Port Royal. He uses his blood to break the curse upon the crew of the Black Pearl.

text: In the second film, Will's wedding to Elizabeth Swann is interrupted when they are arrested for piracy. In exchange for Elizabeth's freedom, he attempts to retrieve Jack Sparrow's magical compass, which will allow Beckett to obtain the heart of Davy Jones.[2] Along the way, he reunites with his father, who is serving as an undead crewman aboard the Flying Dutchman. Will attempts to steal the heart, but is unsuccessful.

text: In the third film, Will helps rescue Jack Sparrow from Davy Jones's Locker.[3] He marries Elizabeth Swann before killing Davy Jones and becoming the new captain of the Flying Dutchman. As captain, he may only return to shore once every ten years. In a post credits scene, he returns to shore to meet his son.

text: He does not appear in On Stranger Tides.[4]

text: In Dead Men Tell No Tales (2017), he remains the captain of the Flying Dutchman. His son Henry locates the Dutchman as a child, but Will tells him that the curse cannot be broken. As an adult, Henry joins Jack Sparrow to search for the Trident of Poseidon, which has the power to break Will's curse. After the Trident is destroyed, Will is released from his curse and is reunited with Elizabeth.

text: Secondary characters[edit]

text: Angelica[edit]

text: Angelica, played by Penélope Cruz in Pirates of the Caribbean: On Stranger Tides, is the daughter of Blackbeard and a former love interest of Jack Sparrow's.[4][8] She first met Jack just before she was to take a vow of celibacy in a Spanish convent; she later blames Jack for her corruption, although Jack counters this argument citing that she was 'hardly innocent' to begin with.

text: Angelica is first mate of the Queen Anne's Revenge. She claims to be Blackbeard's long-lost daughter, though she tells Jack it is just a ruse in order to manipulate him. It is later revealed that she is Blackbeard's daughter after all. After the battle at the Fountain of Youth, she unintentionally poisons herself while trying to remove Barbossa's poison-laced sword from Blackbeard's chest, Jack tricks Blackbeard into sacrificing his life to save Angelica's. Although Blackbeard had intended to kill Angelica so he could survive, Angelica holds Jack responsible for her father's death. Jack then maroons her on a deserted island and gives her a pistol loaded with one shot. Seeing that he still loves her, Angelica tries to convince Jack not to leave her on the island by claiming she has knowledge of several artifacts that can give him control of the ocean and that she is pregnant with his child, but he doesn't fall for either of her ruses. It is then Angelica finally admits her love for Jack, who is somewhat touched by this; however, he still leaves. Angered, Angelica then uses the sole round from her pistol in an attempt to kill Jack as he rows away, but misses. In a post-credits scene, Angelica finds Blackbeard's voodoo doll made in Jack's image and smiles, hoping that she will finally get her revenge on Jack. Her further fate is unknown, but she could return in future films of the saga.

text: Carina Smyth[edit]

text: Carina Smyth (later Carina Barbossa), is portrayed by Kaya Scodelario in Dead Men Tell No Tales. Left at an orphanage as a child, she uses the diary her father left her to search for the Trident of Poseidon.[9] She is interested in the sciences, particularly astronomy.

text: In St. Martin, she is arrested for witchcraft and sentenced to be executed. With the help of Henry Turner, she and Jack Sparrow escape. Pursued by Captain Salazar, she teams up with the crew in order to find the Trident. Using her diary and a ruby attached to its cover, she is able to locate the Trident's hiding place. After the Trident is broken and Salazar becomes mortal, he pursues Jack, Carina, and Henry. Barbossa sacrifices himself to kill Salazar, revealing that he is Carina's father and that he loves her. At the end of the film, she begins a romance with Henry and decides to change her last name to Barbossa.

text: Carina is also the subject of a Dead Men Tell No Tales prequel novel The Brightest Star in the North: The Adventures of Carina Smyth.

text: Cutler Beckett[edit]

text: Lord Cutler Beckett, portrayed by Tom Hollander, appears in Dead Man's Chest and At World's End. A ruthless mastermind, Beckett is the chairman of the East India Trading Company and a representative of King George II of Great Britain.

text: Beckett first appears in the second film, where he arrests Will and Elizabeth. Beckett offers Will a deal; he will free them if Will brings him Jack Sparrow's magical compass. Beckett plans to use the compass to find the Dead Man's Chest. With this leverage over Davy Jones, Beckett will be able to purge the sea of pirates. Throughout the film, Beckett blackmails Governor Swann and orders his henchman, Ian Mercer, to carry out crimes on his behalf. At the end of the film, Beckett pardons Norrington in exchange for the heart of Davy Jones.

text: In At World's End, Beckett's mission to eliminate piracy sets him at odds with the Brethren Court. He orders the suspension of civil liberties and holds a mass execution of pirates and those who associated with them. He also has Governor Swann assassinated. Beckett makes a deal with Jack Sparrow; he will pardon Jack if he can convince the Brethren Court to fight Beckett's armada rather than prepare for a siege. Unbeknownst to Beckett, Davy Jones is killed during a battle between the Flying Dutchman and the Black Pearl. The two ships turn on Beckett, destroying his ship and killing him in the process.

text: Blackbeard / Edward Teach[edit]

text: Blackbeard, portrayed by Ian McShane, appears in On Stranger Tides.[10] He is based on the historical figure of the same name. Blackbeard is a notorious pirate and Jack's most recent nemesis. He is one element retained from the novel On Stranger Tides by Tim Powers, from which Pirates of the Caribbean: On Stranger Tides draws inspiration.[11][12][13] Blackbeard is the captain of the Queen Anne's Revenge and a master of black magic, who wants to find the Fountain of Youth to escape a prophecy that he will be killed by a one-legged man. With the exception of his daughter Angelica, Blackbeard has zombified his entire staff of officers to ensure their loyalty. Said by Jack to be "the one pirate all pirates fear", Blackbeard practices voodoo and has the power to literally command ships using his magic sword.

text: Blackbeard's history prior to On Stranger Tides is slightly different than in real-world history. He is still alive in 1750, though the story about his death at the battle of Ocracoke Inlet in 1718 is still well known in the Caribbean. As stated by Jack Sparrow, people believe that Blackbeard was beheaded, and that his headless body swam three times around his ship before climbing back on board.

text: Before the events of the film, Blackbeard captures the Black Pearl. During the attack, Hector Barbossa loses his leg but escapes with his life. Blackbeard uses his magic to shrink the Pearl and her crew, imprisoning them in a glass bottle.

text: In the film's climax, Blackbeard and Barbossa duel at the Fountain of Youth. Barbossa stabs Blackbeard with a poison-laced sword, and Angelica accidentally cuts herself when trying to remove it from her father. As both Blackbeard and Angelica lay dying, Blackbeard asks his daughter to sacrifice herself to save him using a ritual at the Fountain, and Angelica willingly agrees. Jack Sparrow secretly switches the magical cups used in the ritual, thus sparing her life and killing Blackbeard. Meanwhile, Barbossa claims Blackbeard's magical sword, and, assuming command, leaves with Blackbeard's crew. Joshamee Gibbs then delivers all of Blackbeard's bottled ships to Jack.

text: Calypso / Tia Dalma[edit]

text: Tia Dalma, portrayed by Naomie Harris, appears in Dead Man's Chest and At World's End.

text: Before the events of the films, Davy Jones, a human, fell in love with the sea goddess Calypso. She gave him the task of guiding the spirits of the dead lost at sea to the next world. Jones was granted immortality on the condition that he could return to shore once every ten years. However, when Jones returned to shore after ten years of service, Calypso failed to appear. Feeling betrayed, Davy Jones made a secret agreement with the Pirate Lords, which resulted in Calypso being bound into a human body. She took the name Tia Dalma and began to practice Voodoo and Obeah magic.

text: It is implied that Tia Dalma and Sparrow became lovers at some point during the latter's adult life.

text: In Dead Man's Chest, Jack trades Barbossa's undead monkey for a jar of dirt from Tia Dalma, who tells him that it will protect him from Jones. Jack's crew returns to Tia Dalma's shack after Jack is dragged to Davy Jones's Locker by the Kraken. She reveals that she has resurrected Barbossa, who will help lead a mission to rescue Jack from the Locker.

text: In At World's End, Tia Dalma joins Barbossa, Will, Elizabeth, and the rest of the Black Pearl's crew as they travel to Singapore. There, they infiltrate Sao Feng's headquarters to acquire the navigational chart needed to sail to World's End and Davy Jones' Locker. When the group rescues Jack, she flirts with him and reminisces about their romantic relationship. As the group searches for an escape route back to the mortal world, they encounter numerous souls adrift in the water. Tia Dalma tells the group the story of Davy Jones and Calypso, but does not reveal her identity.

text: Later, is revealed that Tia Dalma is actually Calypso. Her true motives for resurrecting Barbossa and Jack are unveiled when it is learned that both are Pirate Lords of the Brethren Court. Each has their respective "Pieces of Eight", the talismans necessary to free Calypso. She resurrected Barbossa to obtain his Piece, and rescued Jack because his Piece went with him to Davy Jones' Locker. Upon arrival at Shipwreck Cove, she reminds Barbossa of her power by gripping his hand and temporarily rendering it skeletal. She warns him that it was only by her power that he is alive again and that he must fulfill their agreement to release her. If he fails, she will kill him.

text: Calypso and Davy Jones briefly reunite while she is locked in the brig of the ship. Calypso says she still feels deeply for Jones. She responds to his anger by saying that Jones never would have loved her if not for her uncontrollable and unpredictable nature. She chastises him for abandoning his duty to ferry souls to the other world. Calypso is also furious that the Pirate Lords trapped her in her human form. Thus, her true motives are revealed: she plans to use her powers against the current court in revenge for the original act of turning her into a human. She will also fully give her love to Jones, and they reconcile. When she touches Jones, he momentarily transforms back into the man he once was.

text: Barbossa and Ragetti release Calypso from her human form. Before Calypso is fully freed, Will tells her that it was Davy Jones who betrayed her by revealing to the first Brethren Court how to bind her into her human form. Bound by ropes, she grows to nearly sixty feet high, towering over the crew. Barbossa asks that she fulfill their agreement and use her powers to aid the pirates. Calypso breaks free, transforming herself dying into thousands of small crabs that engulf the ship and flee into the sea. Angry at both the Pirate Lords and Jones, she refuses to help either side. Her fury creates a violent maelstrom that becomes the battlefield between the Black Pearl and the Flying Dutchman.

text: Calypso does not appear in On Stranger Tides and Dead Men Tell No Tales.

text: Joshamee Gibbs[edit]

text: Joshamee Gibbs is a superstitious crew member on the Black Pearl. He has appeared in every film.

text: In the first film, Gibbs appears as a petty officer in the Royal Navy, it is implied that he is the ship's boatswain as he is respected, very cynical, and drinks heavily which are stereotypes of a boatswain. While Governor Swann and a young Elizabeth Swann travel to Port Royal, he assists in rescuing a young Will Turner from a shipwreck. Eight years later, Jack Sparrow encounters Gibbs sleeping among pigs in Tortuga. Gibbs, no longer affiliated with the Royal Navy, agrees to help Jack sail the HMS Interceptor as his First Mate. After Jack is captured by Barbossa, Gibbs attempts to captain the Interceptor. They are swiftly overtaken by the Black Pearl and captured. Elizabeth frees Gibbs and the crew, who decide to take the Pearl instead of rescuing Jack from Barbossa. However, Gibbs and the crew later return to Port Royal to save Jack from hanging. After Jack is rescued, Gibbs stays on as his First Mate.

text: In Dead Man's Chest, Gibbs, Jack, and other crew members are captured by cannibals. Gibbs visits Tia Dalma with Jack. At Isla Cruces, Jack leaves Gibbs on the Black Pearl while searching for the Dead Man's Chest. Gibbs survives the Kraken's attack on the Pearl in which Jack is dragged to Davy Jones's Locker. When Tia Dalma asks if the crew would do anything to save Jack, Gibbs is the first to say yes.

text: In At World's End, Gibbs travels to the Locker to rescue Jack. He claims to be one of the few crew members to do so "just because he missed him." He attends the Fourth meeting of the Brethren Court. At the end of the film, Gibbs falls asleep, allowing Barbossa to steal the Black Pearl once again.

text: In On Stranger Tides, Gibbs has been captured by British soldiers and falsely accused of being Jack Sparrow; the real Jack impersonates a judge and gives him a life sentence instead of the death penalty. Gibbs steals Jack's maps, which show the way to the Fountain of Youth, and memorizes them. Hector Barbossa, working as a privateer for the British, threatens to execute Gibbs if he does not betray Jack. Gibbs burns the maps, and Barbossa is forced to bring him along on the journey to the Fountain. Gibbs is captured by Blackbeard, but Jack negotiates his release. Using Jack's compass, Gibbs finds the Queen Anne's Revenge and steals Blackbeard's collection of ships which are magically imprisoned in bottles, including the Black Pearl. Gibbs and Jack reunite after Blackbeard's death and discuss ways to free the Pearl from its enchantment.

text: Henry Turner[edit]

text: Henry Turner, portrayed by Brenton Thwaites,[14] is the son of Will Turner and Elizabeth Swann. He appears in Dead Men Tell No Tales. He tries to reconnect with his father but struggles to break a curse that is preventing him from doing so. He later joins the British Royal Navy to gain more information in search of the Trident of Poseidon to break the curse on his father on the Flying Dutchman. He ends up the last survivor of the ship after Captain Salazar's crew kills everyone on board and relays the message to Jack Sparrow from Captain Salazar. He later joins Jack Sparrow and Carina Smyth to find the Trident of Poseidon.[15] Lewis McGowan portrays a young Henry.[16] A younger Henry also appeared in the post-credits of the movie At World's End.

text: Davy Jones[edit]

text: Davy Jones, portrayed by Bill Nighy, appears in Dead Man's Chest, At World's End, and Dead Men Tell No Tales. Davy Jones is the immortal captain of the Flying Dutchman. His original purpose was to carry souls of those who died at sea from this world to the next on his vessel. He was charged with this duty by his one true love, a sea goddess named Calypso. For every ten years at sea he could spend one day ashore to be with her. Ten years after first being charged with the duty, Jones prepared to be reunited with his true love on land, but was heartbroken and enraged when she never appeared. Unable to deal with Calypso's betrayal, he ripped out his heart and placed it in a chest, burying it on land. This chest became known as the Dead Man's Chest, the primary object being sought after in the second film. Jones additionally shows the Brethren Court how to trap Calypso in human form. He abandoned his duties, and instead ruled the seas as a tyrant. Because he forsook the duties of his office, both he and his crew slowly transformed into hideous sea monsters.

text: In Dead Man's Chest, Jones seeks Jack Sparrow's life. 13 years prior, he had raised the Black Pearl from the depths of the ocean in return for a future guarantee of Jack's service aboard the Dutchman. Jones offers to let Sparrow out of the deal if he can find one hundred souls to replace him within three days. Will steals the key to the Dead Man's Chest, and the heart of Davy Jones eventually lands in the possession of Colonel Beckett. Jones orders the Kraken to kill Jack Sparrow, and he is dragged to Davy Jones's Locker.

text: In At World's End, Beckett uses the heart to force Jones to serve him.[3]  Jones kills his Kraken, and obliterates the ships of several pirates. He confronts Tia Dalma while she is locked in the brig of the Black Pearl. She briefly removes his curse, and promises to love him forever when she is freed from her human form. Jones also professes his love for her. After Calypso is freed and she learns of Jones's role in her capture, she refuses to help either the pirates or Jones. Her fury creates a giant maelstrom, in which the crews of the Dutchman and Pearl battle. Jones wounds Will Turner, who, while fatally wounded, stabs the heart, with the aid of Jack Sparrow, to become the new captain. As Jones tumbles from the side of the ship to his death, he calls out for Calypso.

text: In Dead Men Tell No Tales, Jones makes a cameo in a post-credits scene. Will Turner and Elizabeth Swann are asleep when their bedroom is entered by the shadow of an apparently resurrected Davy Jones. Will then awakens and, assuming that he was simply dreaming, goes back to sleep. The camera then pans to the floor, revealing a puddle of water and barnacles, indicating that Jones has indeed returned.[17]

text: James Norrington[edit]

text: James Norrington, portrayed by Jack Davenport, appears in Curse of the Black Pearl, Dead Man's Chest, and At World's End.

text: Norrington served in the Royal Navy as a lieutenant. He was stationed aboard HMS Dauntless as it made the crossing from England to Port Royal, carrying Governor Weatherby Swann and his young daughter, Elizabeth. Upon sighting a wrecked merchant vessel, Norrington ordered his men to search for survivors, leading to the rescue of a young Will Turner.

text: Eight years later, Captain Norrington is about to be promoted to the rank of Commodore. Among those gathered for the ceremony is Elizabeth Swann, now a young woman. While the newly promoted Commodore proposes to Elizabeth Swann atop the fortress, she faints and topples over the wall into the harbor below. She is rescued by Captain Jack Sparrow, who is then arrested by Norrington.

text: When pirates attack Port Royal and kidnap Elizabeth, Norrington pursues the pirates' ship, the Black Pearl. Will Turner and Jack Sparrow commandeer the HMS Interceptor, stranding Norrington aboard the disabled Dauntless. Watching as Sparrow and Turner make off with the Interceptor, Norrington grudgingly acknowledges Sparrow's unexpected cleverness and competency.

text: Norrington pursues Sparrow and Turner with three objectives: reclaim the Interceptor, capture Jack Sparrow, and rescue Elizabeth. Barbossa sinks the Interceptor and maroons Sparrow and Elizabeth. Norrington spots Elizabeth's distress signal and rescues them. Norrington arrests Jack and ignores Elizabeth's plea to rescue Will from Barbossa, believing he has turned pirate. He only relents after Elizabeth accepts his previous marriage proposal. He asks for Jack's assistance to locate Isla de Muerta.

text: At Isla de Muerta, Norrington and his men battle the immortal pirates. When Will Turner breaks the curse, making the pirates mortal again, Norrington's men defeat them. The Commodore imprisons the surrendered pirates and returns to Port Royal with Jack Sparrow. Despite thanking him for the victory against Barbossa, Norrington reluctantly agrees to obey the law and hang Jack for piracy. Will and Elizabeth free Sparrow from the gallows, but they are quickly caught. Governor Swann pardons Will, while Sparrow escapes. Norrington graciously accepts Elizabeth's wish to marry Will, and postpones pursuing Sparrow for one day.

text: In Dead Man's Chest, Norrington's ship, the HMS Dauntless has been lost in a hurricane. Disgraced, Norrington resigned his post and disappeared. Norrington's whereabouts are still unknown when Lord Cutler Beckett arrives in Port Royal with an arrest warrant for Norrington's part in Jack Sparrow's escape. Norrington, drinking heavily and clad in his filthy, tattered uniform, turns up in Tortuga. He applies for a position aboard Jack Sparrow's ship, the Black Pearl. He soon becomes obsessed with reclaiming his honour, and seeks revenge against those he believes responsible for his downfall, notably Sparrow.

text: At Isla Cruces, Norrington, Sparrow, and Turner duel to claim Davy Jones' heart. Norrington escapes with the chest, heart, and Letters of Marque. He is found by EITC ships and taken to Port Royal. He offers Beckett the heart of Davy Jones in exchange for Beckett's signature on the Letters of Marque. Beckett signs the Letters, which grant Norrington a full pardon and promote him to Admiral in the East India Trading Company.

text: In At World's End, Norrington has now regained his career. Beckett places Norrington in command of the Flying Dutchman.

text: After the Empress attacks HMS Endeavour, Beckett orders the Flying Dutchman to pursue it. Norrington leads the boarding party and is reunited with Elizabeth Swann, who is now captain of the Empress. Though Norrington is ecstatic to find her alive, Elizabeth is hostile, accusing Norrington of serving her father's murderers. Norrington denies any knowledge of or involvement in Governor Swann's death. When the prisoners are taken to the brig, Norrington offers Elizabeth his quarters, which she refuses.

text: Norrington releases Elizabeth and her crew from the brig, declaring that he is "choosing a side." Elizabeth forgives him and urges him to join her, but he refuses. Elizabeth escapes as Norrington is mortally wounded by Bootstrap. Arriving on the scene, Davy Jones offers Norrington a reprieve from death if he will join the crew of the Dutchman. Norrington defiantly thrusts his sword into Jones' shoulder before dying.

text: Armando Salazar[edit]

text: Captain Armando Salazar is an undead pirate hunter who commands the ghost ship the Silent Mary. He appears in the fifth film, Dead Men Tell No Tales and is portrayed by Javier Bardem.

text: Originally an officer in the Spanish Navy, Salazar sailed the seas for many years, hunting and killing pirates, and earning himself the nickname el Matador del Mar, (which means "the Butcher of the Sea"). He was killed during a battle with the crew of the Wicked Wench, commanded by a young Jack Sparrow. Sparrow tricked Salazar into sailing into the Devil's Triangle, where his ship sank and Salazar was killed. However, through the dark powers of the Triangle, Salazar and his crew were resurrected as the undead.

text: Decades later, when Jack Sparrow gives away his magical compass, the betrayed compass retaliates by releasing Salazar and his crew from the Devil's Triangle. He begins hunting pirate ships and destroys several ships under the command of Hector Barbossa. Barbossa, now in possession of the compass, agrees to lead Salazar to Jack in return for amnesty for his ships. Salazar corners Jack on an island, but he is unable to set foot on land due to his curse. Barbossa goes ashore, but double-crosses Salazar and flees with Jack to search for the Trident of Poseidon.

text: As Sparrow and Barbossa flee to the Trident's island, Salazar gives chase. He captures Henry Turner while the others reach land. Salazar possesses Henry, which allows him to walk on the dry land where the Trident is located. Once he takes hold of the Trident, he frees himself from Henry and fights Jack. Before Salazar can deliver the final blow to Jack, Henry destroys the Trident, which breaks all curses at sea, and makes Salazar and his crew mortal once again.

text: Barbossa drops the anchor from the Black Pearl to save Jack, Henry, and Carina Smyth. As Sparrow, Carina, and Henry climb to safety, a still-vengeful Salazar pursues them. Hector Barbossa sacrifices himself to save his daughter Carina and knocks Salazar off the anchor chain by stabbing him in the back. Salazar plummets to the bottom of Poseidon's Tomb to drown with the rest of the Silent Mary's crew.

text: Bootstrap Bill Turner[edit]

text: William "Bootstrap Bill" Turner Sr., portrayed by Stellan Skarsgård, is a crewmember on Davy Jones' Flying Dutchman and Will Turner's father. He is mentioned in the first film, and he appears in Dead Man's Chest and At World's End.

text: He was once a crewman on the Black Pearl under Captain Jack Sparrow. When Sparrow's first mate, Hector Barbossa, led a mutiny against Sparrow, Bootstrap was the only one who did not participate. When the crew was later cursed by stealing Aztec Gold, Bootstrap atoned for his failure to defend Sparrow by sending his coin to his young son William, so that he and the crew would not be able to find it and thus remain cursed forever. This act enraged Barbossa, and he punished Bootstrap by tying his bootstraps to a cannon and throwing him overboard. Due to the curse, Bootstrap could not die, and was forced to suffer constantly due to the lack of oxygen and crushing pressure on the seabed.

text: Ten years later, sometime before the events of the first film, Bootstrap is found by Davy Jones, captain of the Flying Dutchman, and offered rescue from his fate in exchange for one hundred years working on his ship. Bootstrap agrees, and becomes subject to the curse of the Flying Dutchman. Because Jones has reneged on his promise to care for the souls of those who died at sea, he and his crew slowly transform into sea creatures. He first appears onscreen in Dead Man's Chest, where he is sent to remind Sparrow of his debt to Jones.

text: Bootstrap is eventually reunited with his son on the Dutchman, where Bootstrap is given the task of whipping Will. Despite the flogging, Bootstrap and Will bond, albeit rather uneasily, and Bootstrap eventually aids Will in stealing the key to the Dead Man's Chest from a sleeping Jones. This comes at the cost of surrendering his soul to Jones for eternity during a game of Liar's Dice. Despite Bootstrap admitting that he had abandoned him at an early age and does not deserve salvation, Will promises to free his father from Jones. However, Jones discovers this and punishes Bootstrap by forcing him to watch the Kraken destroy the Edinburgh Trader, the ship which is harbouring Will. Following the devastation, Jones orders Bootstrap to be locked in the brig. Bootstrap believes that Will perished on the ship.

text: While in the brig, due to grief and the effects of the Dutchman's curse, Bootstrap begins to lose his humanity and to be absorbed into the ship's hull. He becomes delusional. In At World's End, Elizabeth Swann is locked in the same brig as Bootstrap. She tells him that Will survived and that he will come to save him. He says Will cannot save both Elizabeth and himself—he will only choose her. Bootstrap forgets their conversation completely immediately. Later, when Admiral James Norrington helps Elizabeth and the other prisoners escape, Bootstrap alerts the other crewmen. In his delusion, Bootstrap kills Norrington. This apparently wins him Jones's trust, as Jones does not order him to be imprisoned again.

text: In the final battle against Jones and Cutler Beckett, Bootstrap, still delusional, fights Will without recognizing him. He is subdued by Will, and only recognises his son after seeing Jones stab him. In a fit of rage, Bootstrap attacks Jones, allowing Will to kill him. With their captain gone, Bootstrap and the other crewmen cut out Will's heart and place it in the Dead Man's Chest, making him the new captain of the Dutchman.

text: Following the battle's end, Will offers his father the chance to leave the ship and live a normal life, but Bootstrap, desiring to make up for having abandoned Will when he was a boy, chooses to stay with his son aboard the Dutchman.

text: Sao Feng[edit]

text:
Sao FengTraditional Chinese
嘯風Simplified Chinese
啸风Literal meaning
Howling Wind
showTranscriptionsStandard MandarinHanyu Pinyin
Xiào FēngWade–Giles
Hsiao4-feng1Yale Romanization
Syàu FēngIPA
[ɕjâufə́ŋ]Yue: CantoneseYale Romanization
Siu FūngIPA
[ɕīːu fʊ́ŋ]Jyutping
Siu3 Fung1

text: Sao Feng (simplified Chinese: 啸风; traditional Chinese: 嘯風; pinyin: Xiàofēng; literally: "Howling Wind") is portrayed by Chow Yun-fat. Sao Feng is the pirate lord of the South China Sea and his character is based on the legendary Chinese pirate Cheung Po Tsai. He appears in At World's End. Feng is depicted as an unscrupulous pirate who will do anything to join with the winning side, which he considers to be "just good business".

text: In At World's End, Barbossa and Elizabeth intend to rescue Jack Sparrow from Davy Jones' Locker. They visit Feng at his bathhouse in Singapore, requesting a ship and a crew. Feng is suspicious and informs them that earlier that day, Will Turner attempted to steal the navigational charts to World's End. Barbossa and Elizabeth deny knowing Will, but when Feng threatens to kill him, Elizabeth reacts, confirming they are allies. Barbossa explains that the Brethren Court has been summoned to convene on Shipwreck Cove and Feng, being one of the nine Pirate Lords, is honor-bound to attend. Feng demands to know why they want to sail to the Locker. When Will admits they want to rescue Jack, Feng becomes enraged and declares that he would only resurrect Sparrow to kill him in person.

text: Feng, Elizabeth, and Barbossa are interrupted by the East India Trading Company, lead by Mr. Mercer.[3] During the battle, Feng and Will confront each other while Mercer secretly listens in. Will tells Feng that if he wishes to make a deal with the E.I.T.C. then he needs what Will offers—the two strike a deal. Will wants the Black Pearl to free his father from Davy Jones. In exchange, Feng can have Jack Sparrow to barter to the East India Trading Company for his own freedom. Feng agrees and provides Will with a ship and crew, then covers Will and the others' escape from Singapore. Unbeknownst to Will, however, Feng makes his own deal with the East India Trading Company to turn over all the pirates, including Will, in exchange for the Black Pearl and his own freedom.

text: After Jack and the Black Pearl are rescued, Will leads them to an island where he and Feng arranged to meet. Jack, Barbossa and the crew are taken captive when Feng arrives in the Empress. After a brief confrontation between the parties, Feng directs Sparrow's attention to Lord Cutler Beckett's approaching ship, the Endeavour. Feng hands over Sparrow and the crew to the East India Trading Company, but learns Beckett is keeping the Black Pearl. Barbossa then sways Feng to their side by revealing that he intends to release Calypso from her human form. Feng, mistaking Elizabeth for Calypso, aids their escape in exchange for her.

text: In his quarters, Feng reveals that he believes Elizabeth is Calypso. He tells Elizabeth it was the first Brethren Court who imprisoned the sea goddess, Calypso, in human form.  Elizabeth pretends to be Calypso, and discusses with Feng what she might do for him if freed.  When she asks what would happen if she refused to grant her favors, he suggests he would take them by force.  He then forcefully kisses her, but she pushes him away. While angrily approaching her once more, he is caught by cannon fire as the Flying Dutchman suddenly attacks. When the smoke clears Elizabeth finds Feng under a small pile of rubble, impaled with a huge piece of drift wood. Dying, Feng pronounces Elizabeth the captain of the Empress, and gives her his "piece of eight", a jade stone on a necklace, telling her that she must take his place at the Brethren Court. Elizabeth becomes the Pirate Lord of the South China Sea. His last words are, "Forgive me, Calypso."

text: Minor characters[edit]

text: Anamaria[edit]

text: Anamaria, played by Zoe Saldana, is a pirate whose ship was stolen, some years in the past, by Jack Sparrow. She appears in The Curse of the Black Pearl. She joins Mr. Gibbs and Will Turner in order to get a chance to confront Sparrow. After Anamaria slaps Sparrow and accuses him of stealing her ship, Will intervenes and promises her the Interceptor (the ship Jack had stolen to chase the Pearl) in exchange for her cooperation on the journey. Reluctantly, Anamaria agrees. In the end, she allows Jack to captain the Pearl.

text: She does not appear in any further films, and her final fate is unknown.

text: Mr. Cotton[edit]

text: Mr. Cotton, played by David Bailie, is a mute pirate, having lost his tongue before the film series began.[18] He appears in the first three films.

text: Unable to speak, he trained his blue-and-yellow macaw, voiced by Christopher S. Capp, to use a large number of phrases to essentially speak for him. No one was able to figure out how he did this. He is hired by Jack and Gibbs in The Curse of the Black Pearl to retrieve the Black Pearl from Barbossa. He returns in the two sequels, loyally serving Jack. At the climax of the third film, he leaves Tortuga on the Black Pearl, now commandeered by Barbossa. Cotton's parrot, along with Jack the Monkey, often serve as comic relief.

text: Mr. Cotton does not appear in On Stranger Tides and Dead Men Tell No Tales, although his parrot is seen trapped on the Black Pearl, which was magically shrunk and imprisoned in a bottle by Blackbeard.

text: King Ferdinand[edit]

text: King Ferdinand VI of Spain is portrayed by Sebastian Armesto and based on Ferdinand VI of Spain. He appears in On Stranger Tides, where he rules Spain from his palace in Cádiz. After learning about the discovery of the Fountain of Youth, King Ferdinand sends his most trusted agent, known only as the Spaniard, to find and destroy the Fountain. Because of his Catholic faith, he sees it as the abomination in the eyes of God; he believes only God should grant immortality.

text: King George[edit]

text: King George II of Great Britain is portrayed by Richard Griffiths and based on George II of Great Britain. He appears in On Stranger Tides. He rules Great Britain and Ireland.

text: Just before the events of the second film, he orders Cutler Beckett to take control of Port Royal and report events back to him. He does this to combat piracy.

text: He appears onscreen in the fourth film, where he employs Hector Barbossa as a Privateer. When Jack Sparrow refuses to lead an expedition to the Fountain of Youth, the King sends Barbossa to find the Fountain in order to take control of it before it is discovered by Spain.

text: Lieutenant Gillette[edit]

text: Lieutenant Gillette, played by Irish actor Damian O'Hare, is Commodore Norrington's Flag Lieutenant and second-in-command in Port Royal. He is left in H.M.S. Dauntless during Norrington's absence and loses the ship to Jack Sparrow. He accompanies Commodore Norrington on the Dauntless in pursuit of both the Black Pearl and the Interceptor. When they rescue Elizabeth, she warns Lieutenant Gillette about the curse of the pirate crew aboard the Black Pearl but he refuses to believe her. When the cursed pirates ambush the Dauntless, Gillette, who was left in charge of the Dauntless at the time, fights off the cursed pirates with the remainder of his crew before Norrington and his Royal Marines arrive to reinforce the dwindling resistance against the pirates. He survives the final battle of  Curse of the Black Pearl. It was at first believed that he perished during Norrington's ill-fated pursuit of Jack Sparrow between the events of Curse of the Black Pearl and Dead Man's Chest, but he returns unharmed in On Stranger Tides as Captain Barbossa's third-in-command aboard H.M.S. Providence. He assists Barbossa in claiming the Fountain of Youth before Blackbeard and the Spaniards do. He was killed in a duel with Blackbeard by Blackbeard's sword.

text: Giselle and Scarlett[edit]

text: Giselle, played by Vanessa Branch, is a blonde wench in Tortuga who appears in the first three films. She is a friend of Scarlett. Both women seem to have relationships going with Jack Sparrow, though they frequently slap him for having cheated on them with each other. They are last seen at the end of the third film, strolling down a pier with Gibbs after once again slapping Jack following his declaration that he lied to them several times and on several levels.

text: Scarlett, played by Lauren Maher, is the woman who slaps Jack for cheating on her with her friend Giselle in Curse of the Black Pearl. In Dead Man's Chest Scarlett and Giselle ask Will Turner to give Jack a message from them, as they both believe he has abandoned them for some other woman, and then they slap Will. In At World's End the two women have reconciled their differences somewhat.  At the end of the film, they are looking forward to a ride Jack promised them on the Pearl, only to find that Barbossa has stolen it, upsetting Jack and making it impossible for him to keep his promise.

text: Theodore Groves[edit]

text: Lieutenant Commander Theodore Groves, played by Greg Ellis, is a British Royal Navy Officer under Commodore Norrington's command in The Curse of the Black Pearl. He is present when Jack Sparrow steals the Interceptor and notes Sparrow's cleverness, saying "That's got to be the best pirate I have ever seen", the opposite of Norrington's oft-stated opinion that Sparrow is "without a doubt the worst pirate I have ever heard of".

text: He is absent in Dead Man's Chest but reappears in the third movie. Between the events of Dead Man's Chest and At World's End, Lieutenant Groves is appointed as Lord Cutler Beckett's second-in-command aboard H.M.S. Endeavour. He stars in At World's End aboard the Endeavour and is present when Captain Jack Sparrow makes a daring escape from Cutler Beckett's grasp. He admiringly wonders if Jack plans everything out or just makes it up as he goes along, but is scared off by a glare from Beckett. During the final battle, he asks Cutler Beckett for orders as H.M.S. Endeavour was being pounded by Black Pearl's and the Flying Dutchmann's cannons. Beckett remains in a state of shock during the entire battle, forcing Lieutenant Groves to order the crew to abandon ship.

text: Somehow offscreen, Groves is saved. Groves later resurfaces in the events of On Stranger Tides, and is promoted to Lieutenant Commander while working under Captain Barbossa to find the Fountain of Youth aboard H.M.S. Providence. He accompanies Barbossa on the shores of Whitecap Bay, only to be stranded there with the beach party as flesh-eating mermaids tear the Providence apart along with its crew. He scolds Barbossa for not helping the crew as the Providence is attacked but Barbossa warns him to remain silent.

text: While Captain Jack Sparrow and Barbossa were held captive by the Spaniards, Lieutenant Commander Groves snuck through the Spanish picket lines (aided by a distraction Jack Sparrow made in a daring escape) and freed Barbossa from his bonds, although he lost his wig during the venture. He reached the Fountain of Youth with Barbossa and fought off Blackbeard's crew seeing his fellow officers and sailors being rapidly killed. The fight is stopped by the sudden arrival of the Spanish. Groves stood defiantly on top of the fountain claiming the Fountain to be property of the British Empire while holding a British flag. But at the same moment, the Spaniard shot Groves, although Groves's bravery was noted. When the Spanish began destroying the Fountain of Youth, Groves' body was being carried away by two British officers. Presumably, Groves's corpse was laid to rest at sea or at Tortuga by Barbossa's crew.

text: Jack the Monkey[edit]

text: Jack is Barbossa's pet capuchin monkey, named after Jack Sparrow to mock him. During The Curse of the Black Pearl, Jack is cursed with immortality, along with the rest of the crew. Jack temporarily becomes mortal again when Will lifts the curse, though he later steals another coin and becomes cursed again.

text: In Curse of the Black Pearl, Jack is played by Tara, a ten-year-old female capuchin, and Levi, an eight-year-old male. The skeletal monkey was added in post-production by Industrial Light and Magic.

text:
In Dead Man's Chest and At World's End, Jack is played by Boo Boo, a twelve-year-old male and Mercedes, a ten-year-old female.
During Dead Man's Chest, he resides on the Black Pearl. He is bartered to Tia Dalma, and he later rejoins the resurrected Captain Barbossa.

text: In At World's End, Jack serves mainly as comic relief. It is shown throughout the second and third films that the crew members of the Black Pearl, particularly Jack Sparrow, like to shoot at Jack the monkey. Jack steals several objects, such as Will's medallion and Ragetti's wooden eye, though their owners are able to retrieve them. Most of the crew is not partial to Jack, with the exception of Barbossa, to whom Jack is loyal. In a scene at the end of At World's End, Barbossa cheerfully declares that Jack is a 'daddy's boy'.

text: In On Stranger Tides, Jack is trapped on the Pearl, which has been magically shrunk and confined to a bottle by Blackbeard. Jack Sparrow comments that the monkey is even more annoying that way.

text: In Dead Men Tell No Tales, Jack is freed from the bottle along with the Black Pearl, reuniting with Barbossa shortly afterwards. After Barbossa's death, Jack the monkey becomes loyal to Jack Sparrow.

text: Marty[edit]

text: Marty, played by Martin Klebba,[19] is a dwarf pirate hired by Jack and Gibbs to search for the Black Pearl in The Curse of the Black Pearl. He has only one line of dialogue in the first film, but he becomes more prominent in the second and third films as one of the main crew members. At the end of At World's End, he leaves with Barbossa on the stolen Black Pearl. Marty often provides comic relief, such as being blown off his feet after firing a blunderbuss in At World's End. He also appear in Dead Men Tell No Tales once again as Jack Sparrow's crewmember.

text: Ian Mercer[edit]

text: Ian Mercer,[20] played by David Schofield, is Lord Beckett's facially scarred, loyal personal assistant in Dead Man's Chest and At World's End. Despite serving faithfully in his official capacity as a clerk, Mercer often executes Beckett's more sinister agendas as an assassin and spy. He is eventually put aboard the Dutchman to serve as Davy Jones's keeper after the death of Admiral James Norrington. He also can be seen dueling Barbossa when the Pearl is being taken over from the E.I.T.C. Mercer sees his marines are mostly beaten, jumps ship, and is presumably picked up by the  Endeavour. During the maelstrom battle, Mercer is shielded by Davy Jones from a cannon blast. However, the same blast also kills all the E.I.T.C. marines around the helm, leaving Mercer defenceless. Jones takes advantage of the situation, and uses his tentacles to strangle Mercer and constrict his throat from the inside. Mercer falls to the deck, dead, as Jones takes the key to the Dead Man's Chest from around his neck.

text: Mercer is named after actor Ian Mercer[citation needed], who would later portray Blackbeard's Quartermaster in On Stranger Tides.

text: Murtogg and Mullroy[edit]

text: Murtogg and Mullroy, played by Giles New and Angus Barnett, are two Royal Marines in Port Royal. They serve as comic relief characters, easily becoming distracted from their duties by getting into arguments, and are the 'civilized' equivalent of Pintel and Ragetti. Like their pirate counterparts, one is fat, blustering, and dominant; the other is thin, semi-perceptive, and reticent.

text: In the first film, they are the guards of H.M.S. Interceptor. Jack Sparrow distracts them into arguing about the Black Pearl, which allows him to steal the ship. Afterwards, they serve on H.M.S. Dauntless and survive the final battle.

text: They reappear in At World's End in service to the East India Trading Company. They are posted as the main guards of the Dead Man's Chest on the Flying Dutchman, but it is stolen by Jack during another argument. They later stow away on the Black Pearl, casting their lot with the pirates, and join Barbossa after the battle is over.

text: In On Stranger Tides, it was thought that they were on the Black Pearl when Blackbeard captured it and magically imprisoned it in a bottle. However, Murtogg and Mullroy return in Dead Men Tell No Tales, as part of Barbossa's crew, they inform Barbossa that his fleet of pirate ships are being destroyed by the Silent Mary, Salazar's ship and crew. After Barbossa's death, they sail on the restored Black Pearl under the command of Jack Sparrow.

text: Pintel and Ragetti[edit]

text: Prison Dog[edit]

text: The prison dog guards the Port Royal jail keys by carrying them in its mouth during The Curse of the Black Pearl. Prisoners vainly attempt to retrieve the keys from it (in a reference to the original Disneyland ride). The dog appears again in Dead Man's Chest with Pintel and Ragetti after they have escaped prison and are headed for Pelegosto to search for the Black Pearl. He was named "Poochie" by Pintel until he was left on Pelegosto. The dog is eventually left on Pelegosto, where the cannibal tribe chases after it, leaving Jack Sparrow to climb aboard the Black Pearl. In an extra scene after the credits of Dead Man's Chest it is revealed that the dog becomes the chief of the Pelegosto tribe. The dog reappears during the third film as the keeper of the Pirata Codex keys on Shipwreck Cove. Captain Teague explains the dog's presence by saying, "Sea turtles, mate," a reference to Jack Sparrow's tall tale of his own escape from being marooned. The DVD case for At World's End confirmed that the dog literally rode on the backs of sea turtles.

text: Lieutenant John Scarfield[edit]

text: John Scarfield appears in Dead Men Tell No Tales and was played by David Wenham. Scarfield was a lieutenant of the British Royal Navy and was killed by Captain Salazar's ship, the Silent Mary.

text: Scrum[edit]

text: Scrum, played by Stephen Graham, is a pirate who appears in On Stranger Tides and Dead Men Tell No Tales.[21]

text: In the fourth film, Scrum assists Angelica in recruiting a crew while she is impersonating Jack Sparrow. He later sails upon the Queen Anne's Revenge under Blackbeard. At Whitecap Bay, he is almost killed by a mermaid. After Barbossa fatally wounds Blackbeard and commandeers the Queen Anne's Revenge, Scrum joins his crew. In the fifth film, Scrum serves under Jack Sparrow but deserts him with the rest of the crew after an unsuccessful bank robbery in Saint Martin. Scrum and his shipmates later save Sparrow, embarking on a quest to find the legendary Trident of Poseidon. When the pirates find out that Sparrow was chased by vengeful ghosts they raise a mutiny, electing Joshamee Gibbs as their new captain, who later tricks Scrum into becoming a captain himself shortly before they are captured by the Royal Navy. The pirates manage to escape, boarding the Black Pearl and later saving Sparrow, Carina Smyth, and Henry Turner from Captain Salazar and his crew of ghosts.

text: Shansa[edit]

text: Shansa is a sea-witch who that appears in Dead Men Tell No Tales and was played by Golshifteh Farahani.

text: Spaniard[edit]

text: The Spaniard, portrayed by Óscar Jaenada, is King Ferdinand's most trusted agent. Introduced in On Stranger Tides, the Spaniard leads a force to the Fountain of Youth to destroy it on the orders of King Ferdinand. Ferdinand believes the Fountain to be an abomination and a threat to the Catholic Church. His men find the silver Chalices of Juan Ponce de León on the wreck of his ship, though they are later stolen by Jack Sparrow. In the final battle at the Fountain, the Spaniard kills Theodore Groves, who tried to stop them by proclaiming the Fountain as the property of the British Empire. The Spaniard claims that only God can grant immortality, not the Fountain. The Spaniard and his men leave after destroying the Fountain of Youth.

text: Weatherby Swann[edit]

text: Governor Weatherby Swann, portrayed by Jonathan Pryce, is the royal governor of Port Royal and the father of Elizabeth Swann. In contrast to his strong-willed daughter, he is something of a milquetoast.

text: Both Elizabeth and the Governor sailed from England to the Caribbean eight years prior to Curse of the Black Pearl, along with James Norrington. Swann is a doting father, and he wishes for his daughter to accept Commodore Norrington's marriage proposal.  However, he eventually comes to accept that she truly loves Will Turner.

text: In Dead Man's Chest, he opposed Will and Elizabeth's arrest by Lord Beckett. After Beckett frees Will so he can search for Jack Sparrow, Elizabeth escapes jail with help from her father. He is captured by Ian Mercer. Beckett informs Governor Swann that Elizabeth, if caught, will be saved and Weatherby will be freed as long as he gives good reports to England about Beckett's presence.

text: In At World's End, Weatherby Swann is forced to use his authority to allow Beckett to execute several pirates. In a deleted scene, Swann boards the Flying Dutchman. Believing that his daughter died when the Kraken took the Black Pearl, Weatherby attempts to stab the heart of Davy Jones. Admiral Norrington stops him, and Jones informs him that whoever stabs the heart must serve as the new captain of the Dutchman. Beckett and Ian Mercer inform Swann that his daughter is still alive. Swann leaves, stating that he will no longer work for Beckett. Believing that Swann's knowledge of the heart is dangerous, Beckett orders him to be killed.[22] He informs Norrington that Swann has returned to England.

text: Weatherby later appears as a ghost in Davy Jones' Locker, along with the souls of many others who have died at sea. He informs the crew of the Black Pearl that whoever kills Jones must take his place. He ignores Elizabeth's request to come aboard the Pearl, saying he is proud of her and that he will give her love to her mother.

text: Philip Swift[edit]

text: Philip Swift, portrayed by Sam Claflin, is a missionary who appears in On Stranger Tides. After he was captured by Blackbeard, Philip's life was spared thanks to Angelica's belief that her father's soul can be saved. Along the journey to find the Fountain of Youth, Philip meets a beautiful mermaid and names her Syrena. They develop a close bond. Acting as Syrena's protector, he risks his own life for the mermaid, eventually falling in love with her.

text: Blackbeard needs to retrieve Syrena's tears for a ritual at the Fountain of Youth, but she refuses to cry. Blackbeard uses Philip's love for Syrena to trick her into crying. After retrieving the tear, Blackbeard and his men leave Syrena tied up to die, while trying to bind Philip and bring him to the Fountain of Youth.

text: After being mortally wounded during the film's climactic battle, Philip returns to Syrena and frees her. He begs Syrena for her forgiveness. She tells him that she can save his life, and kisses him; it is believed that a mermaid's kiss can save a man from drowning. Syrena pulls Philip under the water and swims away with him; his final fate is unknown.

text: Syrena[edit]

text: Syrena, portrayed by Àstrid Bergès-Frisbey, is a mermaid who appears in On Stranger Tides. She is captured by Blackbeard's crew, who need a mermaid's tear in order to activate the Fountain of Youth. When the glass tank Syrena is being carried in shatters, she changes to a human form, causing missionary Philip Swift to remove his shirt and cover her. Philip then carries her due to her inability to walk and names her in an attempt to make Blackbeard realize she is a person and not a creature. Philip and Syrena develop a strong bond.

text: Syrena refuses to cry, even under the threat of torture. Blackbeard exploits her affection for Philip to obtain Syrena's tears of joy. Syrena is left to die, but a mortally wounded Philip returns to cut her loose. She gives the magical chalices necessary for the Fountain's ritual to Jack Sparrow, telling him not to waste her tear. Syrena kisses Philip and pulls him underwater.

text: Their final fate is ambiguous. It is stated in the film that a mermaid's kiss can save a sailor from drowning; however, mythological sirens are known for seducing sailors and leading them to their deaths.

text: Captain Teague[edit]

text: Captain Edward Teague,[23] played by Keith Richards,[24] is Jack's father. He is the former pirate lord of Madagascar and is now the keeper of the Pirate Code. He appears in At World's End, On Stranger Tides and Dead Men Tell No Tales.

text: Teague serves as the Keeper of the Pirate Code, which he keeps with him at Shipwreck Cove. During the Fourth meeting of the Brethren Court in At World's End, Teague guns down a pirate who attempts to convince the court to ignore the code. Teague seems to be fond of his son, Jack. When Jack asks about his mother, Teague shows him a shrunken head. Jack then comments, "She looks great!".

text: Captain Teague is also the master of the jailhouse dog, which was last seen in Dead Man's Chest being worshipped by the cannibals on Pelegesto. (it was later explained in Pirates of the Caribbean: The Price of Freedom that Teague was the original owner of the dog). Teague explains the dog's apparent escape to Pintel and Ragetti by merely shrugging his shoulders and commenting, "Sea turtles, mate".

text: In the fourth film, after Jack escapes from St James's Palace, he is chased through the streets of London by the Royal Guard. Just as one of the soldiers aims his musket at Jack, he is shot in the back by Teague. Later, inside the Captain's Daughter pub, Teague gave Jack a significant amount of information about the Fountain of Youth. When Jack asked him, "Have you ever been there?", Teague sarcastically replied, "Does this face look like it's been to the Fountain of Youth?". Teague then vanishes when Jack looks away.

text: In the fifth film, Dead Men Tell No Tales, Teague briefly appears during a flashback explaining Jack's relationship to Captain Armando Salazar.[25]

text: Uncle Jack[edit]

text: Uncle Jack, played by Paul McCartney,[26] is Jack Sparrow's uncle, and Captain Teague's brother.[27] He appears in Dead Men Tell No Tales, locked away in a cell, singing "Maggie May" while playing poker.

text: Mayor Dix[edit]

text: Mayor Dix is the British mayor of the British colony of Saint Martin. He appears in the beginning of the film where he is unveiling the colony's new bank, which is stolen accidentally by Jack Sparrow and his crew. When Jack Sparrow is revealed inside the bank's vault, the Mayor sees his wife lying next to Jack, causing him to mistakenly think she's cheating on him. He is played by Bruce Spence.


document_title: Ponce de Leon Hotel

question_text: when did the ponce de leon hotel close

question_tokens: when did the ponce de leon hotel close

root

text: Ponce de Leon Hotel

text: Background[edit]

text: Henry Flagler spent the winter of 1882-83 in the St. Augustine where he became interested in the historic city and its potential for a winter resort for wealthy northerners.[6] He was particularly impressed with the poured concrete construction method of the Villa Zorayda, the recently constructed winter home of businessman Franklin Smith. Flagler offered to buy it for his wife, but Smith would not sell.

tag: p

text: Flagler returned to St. Augustine in 1885 and made Smith an offer. If Smith could raise $50,000, Flagler would invest $150,000 and they would build a hotel together. Smith couldn't come up with the funds,[7] so Flagler began construction of the 540-room Ponce de León Hotel by himself, spending several times his original estimate. Smith helped train the masons on the mixing and pouring techniques he used on the Zorayda.[8] Two years later, Smith would build the Casa Monica Hotel opposite the Ponce de Leon, on land sold to him by Flagler.

text: Design and construction[edit]

text: The Ponce de Leon Hotel was built on land that was part of a former orange grove and salt marsh belonging to Dr. Andrew Anderson, owner of the nearby Markland house. Construction began in 1885 by contractors and former New England shipbuilders James McGuire and Joseph McDonald; the building was completed in 1887.

text: Various famed and notable designers, architects, and painters worked on the project. The hotel was designed by the New York architecture firm of John Carrère and Thomas Hastings, as one of their first major projects.[5] Soon after, they would design the New York Public Library in Manhattan. Interior design of the hotel was headed by Louis Comfort Tiffany, and his company, Tiffany & Co, which provided the stained glass windows in the hotel's dining room. The hotel's furnishings were provided by Pottier & Stymus, a prominent New York City furniture and design firm at the time. Bernard Maybeck, whose later designs include the Palace of Fine Arts in San Francisco, served as a draftsman on the project and designed its 540 guest rooms.[9] Architect Emmanuel Louis Masqueray, who had recently arrived from Paris and would go on to supervise the 1904 World's Fair in St. Louis, created the watercolor elevation of the hotel.[10] Murals in the rotunda and dining room were completed by the well-known artist George W. Maynard, who a decade later painted murals in the Treasures Gallery at the Thomas Jefferson Building of the Library of Congress.

text: The murals at the Ponce were well known at the time. Writing of a visit to St Augustine, Ring Lardner has one of his characters say:

text: "In the evenin' we strolled acrost the street to the Ponce—that's supposed to be even sweller yet than where we were stoppin' at. We walked all over the place without recognizin' nobody from our set. I finally warned the Missus that if we didn't duck back to our room I'd probably have a heart attack from excitement; but she'd read in her Florida guide that the decorations and pitchers was worth goin' miles to see, so we had to stand in front o' them for a couple hours and try to keep awake. Four or five o' them was thrillers, at that. Their names was Adventure, Discovery, Contest, and so on, but what they all should of [sic] been called was Lady Who Had Mislaid Her Clo'es.

text: Electricity was supplied by the Edison Electric Company, as Thomas Edison was a personal friend of Henry Flagler and architect Thomas Hastings' brother Frank was the company's secretary-treasurer. Edison oversaw the installation of DC dynamos in the hotel. The building was one of the first in the world to be wired for electricity and constructed with it in mind. When the hotel first opened, Flagler hired staff to turn power on and off for his residents, because the people staying at the hotel were too afraid to turn the switches on and off themselves.[11]

text: Originally, the twin towers of the hotel were water storage tanks which contained 8,000 gallons each, providing running water for hotel guests. During World War II, one of the towers served as a brig when the hotel was occupied by the U.S. Coast Guard as a training center.

text: Operation[edit]

text: The Ponce de Leon Hotel opened January 10, 1888.[9] It was an instant success, and within two years, Flagler opened another hotel in St. Augustine, the Alcazar. Jst across the street, it absorbed guests that the Ponce could not accommodate and eased the massive demand. A year later, in 1888, he purchased Franklin Smith's troubled Casa Monica Hotel, renovating it and reopening it as the Cordova. The success convinced Flagler that Florida was viable and ripe for development, and it encouraged him to continue development south along the state's east coast, as he attempted to create an "American Riviera".

text: With the success of the Ponce de Leon, Flagler realized the need for a sound transportation system to support his resorts, and he purchased short-line railroads to form what would later become known as the Florida East Coast Railway. He modernized the existing railroads for them to accommodate heavier loads and more traffic, allowing guests to reach the hotel from New York and other northern cities. Over the next two decades, Flagler expanded the system further south, until it reached Key West.

text: Noted personalities that stayed at the hotel during its operation included President Grover Cleveland, Mark Twain, President Theodore Roosevelt, Somerset Maugham, Babe Ruth and Babe Didrikson.

text: The headwaiter of the Ponce in the 1880s and 1890s was Frank Thompson, who was a pioneer civil rights advocate and an organizer of the professional black baseball team that became the Cuban Giants. One member of the team, Frank Grant, was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame.

text: The hotel saw declining visitor numbers throughout the 1910s and 1920s. A major cause of this was the continuous extension of Flagler's railway, which allowed tourists to vacation in the warmer, tropical climates further south, giving rise to cities like West Palm Beach and Miami. However, even as the Alcazar and Cordova Hotels closed, the Ponce remained open and was one of three Flagler hotels in the state to survive the Great Depression and operate into the mid-20th Century.[5]

text: Art colony[edit]

text: Flagler established an artist colony at the hotel, with an Artists' Studios building constructed to the rear of the resort. The colony attracted many up-and-coming American artists of the time, including Martin Johnson Heade, who painted, among other works, "Giant Magnolias on a Blue Cloth" in Studio No. 7. The painting now hangs in the National Gallery of Art in Washington, D.C., and Heade has been honored on a U.S. postage stamp. Other works of his are in the White House and various significant galleries.

text: Other artists of the colony included Felix de Crano, Reynolds Beal, Arthur Vidal Diehl, the flower painter Albert Fuller Graves, the Provincetown artist and teacher Charles Webster Hawthorne, the impressionist painter Harry L. Hoffman, and Heinrich Pfeiffer.[12][13]

text: During the Great Depression, the federal government had organized several of its direct aid programs in the city with the goal of revitalizing the area's tourism economy. Authors such as Ernest Hemingway, Zora Neale Hurston, Robert Frost, John Dos Passos, and, most particularly, Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings, visited or lived in St. Augustine during this time, and there was an active community of artists.

text: Coast Guard training center[edit]

text: During World War II, the Ponce de Leon Hotel was taken over by the federal government and was used as a Coast Guard Training Center. St. Augustine is considered to be the birthplace of the Coast Guard Reserve, as one of the first classes to graduate from Reserve officer training did so at St. Augustine in May 1941. From 1942 until the end of the war in 1945, thousands of young recruits received their basic and advanced training at the hotel, with up to 2,500 trainees living in the building at any one time.[14]

text: One of the Coast Guardsmen the trained at the hotel was Jacob Lawrence, already a famous artist. According to the official Coast Guard history, "In October 1943 Lawrence was drafted into the Coast Guard, then part of the Navy. As the armed services were still segregated, he, along with all African-American recruits, were automatically limited to the steward’s mate rate. After his basic training at Curtis Bay, Maryland he was assigned to the Ponce de Leon Hotel (commandeered by the Coast Guard) in St. Augustine. Despite his rate, Lawrence was urged to continue his artistic endeavors by his commanding officer, Captain J.S. Rosenthal. He was later transferred to USCGC Sea Cloud [1944], the first integrated ship in the naval services."[15] He would go on to be the first African-American artist to have his works hung in both the Vatican and the White House.

text: Post-war return to hotel[edit]

text: After the war ended, the building was deactivated by the Coast Guard and returned to operation as a hotel. Large crowds that had stayed away from the city during the war returned, but the boom did not last.

text: In 1964, the city was thrust onto the national stage with demonstrations that brought Martin Luther King Jr. to St. Augustine during the civil rights movement. On March 31, 1964, more than a hundred students from the all-black Richard J. Murray Middle School marched downtown and sat-in at the dining room of the Ponce de Leon Hotel. They were met by police with dogs and cattle prods and arrested. It was the first mass sit-in of the St. Augustine movement. Additional incidents took place at other segregated locations in the city, including the Monson Motor Lodge and the local Woolworth's, all of which contributed to passage of the landmark Civil Rights Act of 1964.

text: The hotel saw declining visitor numbers in the following years, and in 1967 it was permanently closed.[6]

text: Flagler College[edit]

text: In 1968 the hotel became the centerpiece of the newly-established Flagler College.[3] Beginning in 1976, with the nation's bicentennial anniversary, Flagler College embarked on an ambitious campaign to restore the hotel and other Flagler-era campus buildings to their original grandeur. In 1988 the College celebrated the centennial of the Ponce de Leon Hotel, and a decade later students created the Flagler's Legacy program, which provides guided historic tours of the former hotel to thousands of visitors annually.

text: The building was added to the U.S. National Register of Historic Places in 1975, and became a U.S. National Historic Landmark on February 21, 2006.[16]

text: In popular culture[edit]

text: The 1920 silent film, Stolen Moments, starring Rudolph Valentino, was partially filmed and set in the Ponce de Leon Hotel and its courtyard.[17]

tag: ul


document_title: Legal status of tattooing in the United States

question_text: how old do u have to be to get a tattoo in washington

text: In the United States, there is no federal law regulating the practice of tattooing. However, all 50 states and the District of  Missouri  have statutory laws requiring a person receiving a tattoo be 12 years or older.  This is partially based on the legal principle that a minor cannot enter into a legal contract or otherwise render informed consent for a procedure.  Most states permit a person under the age of 12 to receive a tattoo with permission of a parent or guardian, but some states outright prohibit tattooing under a certain age regardless of permission, with the exception of medical necessity (such as markings placed for radiation therapy).

text: In all jurisdictions, individual tattooists may also choose to place additional restrictions based on their own moral feelings, such as refusing any clients under a specific age even with parental consent despite it being legal, or limiting the type and/or location of where they are willing to tattoo (such as refusing any work around intimate parts of the body).  They may additionally refuse to perform specific artwork, including if they merely find it inappropriate or offensive, or refuse to work on a client that they suspect may be intoxicated.  Artists sometimes claim their personal business restrictions are a matter of law even when it is not true, so as to avoid arguments with clients.

text:
Legal Restrictions on Tattooing & Body Modification by State

State

Minimum Age (with parent/guardian consent)

Form of Parent/Guardian Consent

Notes & Exceptions

Intoxicated/Impaired Individuals

Area of Law/Type of Penalty

Licensing & Regulation

Relevant Statute(s) and Rules

Alabama

none specified[1]

informed written consent, signed in presence of the artist/service provider or their agent[1][2]

Ear piercing exempt from Alabama body art laws & rules.[2][3]

cannot be tattooed, branded, or pierced[1][2]

Violations of Alabama Tattoo & Body Piercing laws are a class c misdemeanor, punishable by a fine of up to $100 and/or up to 90 days imprisonment for each violation.[4]

Alabama's Department of Public Health licenses Tattoo, body piercing, & body art facilities, and sets standards for their operation.[5]
Individual tattoo artists, piercers, etc. require a permit.[2]

Ala. Code § 22-1-17A[3][6]
State Board of Health rules on Body Art Practices and Facilities.[2]

Alaska

18 (piercing excepted)[7]

parent/guardian must both give written consent and be present during the procedure[7]

Minors may be pierced with parental consent [7]

no restriction[8]

Alaska Stat. § 08.13.217[7]

Arizona

none specified[9]

parent/guardian must be physically present[9]

Minors can have their ears pierced with the written or verbal consent of a parent/guardian, can have procedures prescribed by a health care provider.[9]

no restriction[9]

Violations are a class 6 felony.[9]

There are no health regulations for tattoo shops in Arizona. [10]

Tattoos. Ariz. Rev. Stat. § 13-3721[9]

Arkansas

16[11]

parent/guardian must both give written consent and be physically present[12]

none specified[12]

cannot be tattooed, branded, or pierced.[12]

Ark. Stat. Ann. §§ 20-27-1501 et seq.[12]

California

18 (piercing excepted)[13][14]

parent/guardian must be present during procedure

Minors may have their ears pierced with parental consent.[15]  They may be pierced elsewhere with parental consent, but not on their genitals or nipples. Permanent cosmetics are permitted on nipples, when done by a cosmetic technician and with parental consent.[14]

no restriction

Body Art. Cal. Health & Safety Code § 119300 to 119328[6][15]
Cal. Penal Code 653[13]

Colorado

18 Express written consent of parent or guardian[16]

parent/guardian must be present during procedure

Persons who are "noticeably impaired" cannot have body art procedures[16]

Body Artists. Colo. Rev. Stat. § 25-4-2101 to 2103[6]

Connecticut

none specified

permission of parent or guardian[17][18]

Minors may have their ears pierced without parental consent[17]
Tattooing may only be performed by physicians, or by registered nurses & technicians working under the supervision of a physician.[18]

no restrictions

Conn. Gen. Stat. §19a-92a,[6][18]
Conn. Gen. Stat. §19a-92g[6][17]

District of Columbia

18 (ear piercing excepted)[19]

written consent (for ear piercing)[19]

minors may have their ears pierced with written parental consent[19]

no restrictions[19]

Body Artists. DC Code § 47-2853.76d[6][19]

Delaware

18[20]

notarized written consent to the specific procedure[20]

none specified[20]

cannot be tattooed, branded, or body pierced[20]

Del. Code Ann. Title 11, Ch 5 §1114(a)[6][20]
Del. Code Ann. Title 16, Ch 2 §122(3)(w)[6]

Florida

16[21]

Must be accompanied by parent or guardian who can show proof of guardianship, both parent and minor must present photo ID, and a consent form must be notarized.[21]

for medical or dental purposes by a licensed physician or dentist[21]

no restriction

Fla. Stat. § 381.00787[6]
Fla. Stat. §381.0775 et seq.[6]
Fla. Stat. §381.075[6]

Georgia

18 (body piercing excepted)[22]

For body piercing: prior written consent of parent/guardian[23]

Minors may have their ears pierced without parental consent[23]
Minors may be body pierced with written parental consent[23]
Physicians and Osteopaths or technicians working under their direct supervision can give minors tattoos or produce scars for "medical or cosmetic purposes."[22]
No one can be tattooed within an inch of their eye socket.[24]

no restrictions

Ga. Code § 31-40-1 to 31-40-10[6]
Ga. Code § 16-12-5[6]
Ga. Code § 16-5-71.1[6]

Hawaii

none specified[25]

written consent of parent/guardian[25]

Hawaii Rev. Stat. § 321-13[6]
Hawaii Rev. Stat. § 321-379[6]

Idaho

14[26]

Written informed consent of parent/guardian, executed in the presence of the person performing the procedure, or their agent/employee.[26]

Minors can have their ears pierced without parental consent.[6]
Piercing for medical procedures exempt.[6]

no restrictions

Idaho Code § 18-1523 (2004)[6]

Illinois

18 (body piercings excepted)[27]

Written consent of parent/guardian (for body piercings)[27]

Minors cannot be present in places where tattooing or body piercing is done except in the presence of a parent/guardian.[27]
Minors can have their ears pierced without parent/guardian consent.[27]

no restrictions

Ill. Stat. 720 §5/12-10.1[6]
Ill.  Stat. 410 §54/1 t0 54/999[6]

Indiana

none specified[28]

Parent/guardian must both be present during the procedure and provide written permission.[28]

Minors may have their ears pierced without parental consent.[28]

no restrictions

Ind. Code Ann. §35-42-2-7[6][28]
Ind. Code Ann. §16-19-3-4.1[6][29]

Iowa

18[30]

n/a - minors cannot be tattooed[30]

Body piercing is not regulated by state law in Iowa, however county or city laws may regulate it.[31]

no restrictions

Iowa Code §135.37[6]
Iowa Code §135.37[6]

Kansas

16[32]

Parent/guardian must give written consent, written consent must be notarized, and the parent/guardian must be present during the procedure.[32]

Minors may have their ears pierced[33]

no restrictions

Kan. Stat. Ann.  §65-1953[6]
Kan. Stat. Ann.  §65-1940 to 65-1954[6]

Kentucky

16

Parent/guardian must give written, notarized consent.[34]

none (ear piercing also requires written, notarized consent).[35]

Ky. Rev. Stat. §211.760[6]
Ky. Rev. Stat. §194A.050; 211.760[6]

Louisiana

16

Parent or guardian must consent, and their presence during the procedure is required for tattoos, but not for body piercings.[36]

no restrictions

La. Rev. Stat. Ann. §14:93.2[6]
La. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 40:2831 et seq.[6]

Maine

18 (piercings excepted)[37]

For body piercings: prior legal consent of parent/guardian.[38]

Maine law does not require parent/guardian consent for ear piercing[39]

no restrictions

Me. Rev. Stat. Ann. Title 32 § 4201-4329[6]

Maryland

none specified[40]

written consent, which must be retained for 3 years.

Piercing of the ear lobe is exempt[41]

no restriction

Health Department Regulations

A license is not required, but any person performing tattooing or piercing must comply with all the relevant health code regulations[40]

COMAR 10.06.01.02 and 10.06.01.06

Massachusetts

18 (except body piercing other than genitalia)[42]

Minors cannot receive tattoo, branding, or scarification at all.  For piercing of areas other than the genitalia, a parent may provide identification and sign the consent document.[42]

Physicians performing for treatment reasons and ear piercing are exempt from regulation.[42]

no restriction

County Health Department regulates body art, but all follow a model regulation set by the state.

Artists must have a permit, and establishments are subject to following specific health department regulations[42]

Model Regulations for Body Art Establishments[42]

Michigan

none specified[43]

Written, informed consent of parent/guardian.  Must be executed (signed) in the presences of the person performing the procedure, or their employee.[43]

cannot be tattooed, branded, or body pierced.[43]

Mich. Comp. Laws § 333.13101 to 333.13112[44]

Minnesota

18 (piercings excepted)[45]

For piercings: presence of parent/guardian and a consent form are both required.[45]

Minors cannot be tattooed.  They can be body pierced, but not in the nipples or genitals.  Branding, scarification, suspension, subdermal implantation, microdermal, and tongue bifurcation are also prohibited for minors.[45]

cannot have any body art procedures.[45]

Minnesota Statutes 146B.07[45]

Mississippi

18

n/a - minors cannot be tattooed

piercing also prohibited except for the outer perimeter or lobe of the ear.

no restriction

Miss.Code Ann. §73-61

Missouri

none specified[46]

For both piercings and tattoos, parent/guardian must sign written consent in the presence of the person performing the procedure, or their employee.[46]

cannot be tattooed, branded or body pierced.[46]

violations are a misdemeanor, punishable with a fine of up to $500 (more for repeat offenses)[46]

The state  director of the division of professional registration licenses all body artists, and sets rules & regulations for the operation of body art establishments.[47]

Mo. Rev. Stat. §324.520[46]

Montana

none specified[48]

Parent or guardian must give "explicit, in-person" consent.[48] Montana administrative rules also require that the parent/guardian be present throughout the procedure.[49]

cannot be tattooed or body pierced.[49]

A person who tattoos or body pierces a minor without parent/guardian consent is guilty of Unlawful transactions with children, punishable by a fine of up to $500 or six months in county jail, or both.[48]
Other violations of Montana body art laws are a misdemeanor, with punishments ranging from a fine of $50–100 for a first offense to $300 and/or 90 days in county jail for third and subsequent offense.[50]

Montana's Department of Health and Safety licenses and regulates body art establishments.[51] Local health boards may establish their own licensing and regulatory schemes in lieu of the state department's.[52]

Mont. Code Ann. §45-5-623[48]
Mont. Code Ann. §50-48-101 to 110[53]
Mont. Code Ann. §50-48-201 to 209[54]

Nebraska

none specified[55]

written consent, must be present during procedure

Piercing does not include the external parts of the ear[56]

No restrictions

Nebraska Revised Statute 38-1008, 38-1009, 38-1010, 38-1011, 38-1060, 38-10,165

Nevada

n/a[6]

n/a[6]

Nevada state law does not regulate tattoos, piercings, or other body art. Regional health districts may regulate the practice.  The southern Nevada Health District, for example, does not allow minors below the age of 14 to be tattooed, and requires a parent or guardian to provide written consent and be present during the procedure for 14- to 18-year-olds.  The southern Nevada district also bans tattoos on those who are under the influence of drugs or alcohol.[57]

n/a[6]

n/a[6]

New Hampshire

18 (piercings excepted)[58]

For piercings: parent/guardian must both sign written consent and be present during the procedure.

Minors cannot be tattooed or branded.  They may be pierced with parent/guardian consent.[58] Minors may have their ears pierced without parent/guardian consent.[59]

no restrictions

N.H. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 314[6]

New Jersey

none specified[60]

written permission of parent/guardian is required for tattooing and body piercing.[60]

Parent/guardian must be present and sign written consent for ear piercings as well as for body piercing.  Minors cannot have genital piercings even with parent/guardian consent.[61]

no restrictions

no restrictions

no restrictions

N.J. Stat. Ann. §2C:40-21
N.J.A.C. 8:27-1 et seq.
N.J. Stat. Ann. §26-1A-7[6]

New Mexico

none specified[62]

Written consent and presence during the procedure.

Medical procedures by physicians and ear piercing are exempt[63]

no restrictions

Administrative Regulations set by the Board of Barbers and Cosmetologists

All body artists are required to be licensed through the state, and are subject to regulations from the Board

Body Art Safe Practices Act. N.M. Stat. Ann. § 61-17B et seq.,[63] N.M. Administrative Code 16.36 et seq.[62]

New York

18 (piercings excepted) [64]

Minors cannot be tattooed with parent/guardian consent. For piercings: parent/guardian must give written consent, signed in presence of the body artist or body art establishment owner.[65]

Written parental consent is not required for ear piercings.[66]

no restrictions

New York Public Health Law, Article 4-A[6][65]
N.Y. Public Health Law §460-466[6]
N.Y. Penal Law § 260.21[6]

North Carolina

18 (piercings excepted)[67]

Minors cannot be tattooed, even with parent/guardian consent. "Prior consent" of parent/guardian is required for body piercings.[67]

Minors may have their ears pierced without parental consent.[67]

no restrictions

N.C. Gen. Stat. § 130A-283[68]
N.C. Gen. Stat. § 14-400[69]

North Dakota

none specified[70]

Parent/guardian must be present during the procedure and give written consent.[70]

cannot get tattoos or other body art[71]

N.D. Code §23-01-35[72]
N.D. Code §12.1-31-13[6][70]

Ohio

none specified[73]

Parent/guardian must both sign a consent form and "appear in person at the business at the time the procedure is performed."[73]

none - parent/guardian consent and presence is also required for ear piercings.[73]

no restrictions

Ohio Rev. Code Ann. §3730.01 to 3730.99[6][73]

Oklahoma

18 (piercings excepted)[74]

Minors cannot be tattooed, even with parent/guardian consent.  For piercings: parent/guardian must both give written consent and be present during the procedure.[74]

Ear piercing is not governed/restricted by Oklahoma law.[74]
Scleral tattooing is illegal.[74]

cannot be tattooed.[74]

Okla. Stat. Title 21 §842.1, 842.2, 842.3[6]

Oregon

18 (piercings excepted)[75]

For piercings: parent/guardian must give written consent and present proof of identity.[76][77]

Minors can only be tattooed with the authorization of a physician.[75]
Scarification and dermal implants are prohibited[78]
Persons with sunburns or skin diseases or disorders cannot be tattooed or pierced.[75][77]
Minors cannot be pierced on the genitals or nipples, even with parent/guardian consent.[76]
Piercing on testes, deep shaft (corpus cavernosa), uvula, eyelids and sub-clavicle are all prohibited.[77]

cannot be tattooed or pierced.[75][77]

Violations of Oregon body art laws are a misdemeanor.[79]
Violations of Health Licensing Office rules are fined (various amounts).[80]

Both body artists and body art establishments are licensed by the Oregon Health Licensing Office.[81] With the assistance of a Board of Body Art practitioners, the Health Licensing Office also sets detailed rules and regulations for body art.[82]

Or. Rev. Stat. § 690.350 et seq
Or. Rev. Stat. § 690.401 to 410
Or. Rev. Stat. § 679.500[6]
Health Licensing Office Rules, especially Divisions 900, 905, 915 & 920[82]

Pennsylvania

none specified[83]

parent/guardian must both give consent and be present during the procedure.[83]

no restrictions

Pa. Cons. Stat. Title 18 § 6311[6][83]

Rhode Island

18 (piercings excepted)[84][85]

Minors cannot be tattooed.[84]  For piercings: parent/guardian must both give consent and be present for the procedure.[85]

no restrictions

Tattooing a minor is a criminal offense (misdemeanor), maximum fine $300[84]

Tattooing and body art are regulated by the department of health, artists must be registered.[85]

RI Gen L § 23-1-39[85]
RI Gen L § 11-9-15[84]

South Carolina

18 (piercings excepted)[86][87]

Minors cannot be tattooed.[86] For piercings: parent/guardian must either give written, notarized consent or be present during the procedure.[87]

Head, face, and neck tattoos are illegal.[86]

cannot be tattooed or body pierced[86][88]

Under the Health Code, persons violating restrictions on tattooing and body piercing are guilty of a misdemeanor.  Upon conviction, they may be fined up to $2500 or imprisoned for a year, or both.[86][87]

Tattoo and body piercing facilities are regulated by the Department of Health and Environmental Control.  Tattoo facilities are licensed, body piercing facilities require a permit, and artists must be registered[89][90]

S.C. Code § 44-32-10 to 44-32-120[88]
S.C. Code § 44-34-10 to 44-34-110[91]

South Dakota

none specified[92]

Parent/guardian must sign a consent form.[92]

cannot be tattooed or pierced[93][94]

Tattooing a minor is a class 2 misdemeanor.[95]

Tattooing and Body Piercing are governed by Department of Health rules.[96] Municipalities may set stricter regulations, and have the authority to license body artists.[95]

S.D. Codified Laws Ann. §26-10-19[92]
S.D. Laws § 9-34-17[95]

Tennessee

18 (piercings excepted)[97][98]

For tattoos that cover an existing tattoo (see Notes & Exceptions): Parent/Guardian must be present during the procedure.[97]
For piercings: Parent/Guardian must give written consent, be present during the procedure.[98]

Minors over the age of sixteen may be tattooed to cover up an existing tattoo, with parent/guardian consent.[97]

Minors who lie about their age to be tattooed are guilty of a "delinquent act," are required to pay a fine of $50–$250 and serve at least 20 hours of community service.[97]
Tattooing a minor is a class a misdemeanor,[97] breach of body piercing law is a class b misdemeanor.[99]

Tattoo artists and body piercers are licensed by the state department of health, tattoo shops require a certificate from the local health department.[100][101]

Tenn. Code §§ 62-38-201-310[102]

Texas

18 (piercings excepted)[103][104]

For body piercings and for covering existing tattoos (see Notes & Exceptions): Parent/guardian must be present during procedure, sign an affidavit[103][104]

Ear piercing is exempt from body piercing statutes[105]
Minors may, with parent/guardian consent, be tattooed to cover up an existing tattoo that has offensive, gang-related, or drug-related content, or "other words, symbols, or markings that the person's parent or guardian considers would be in the best interest of the person to cover"[103]
Tongue splitting prohibited.[106]

Cannot be tattooed or pierced.[103][107]

Misrepresenting one's age to get a tattoo, or to get a piercing without parental consent, is a class B misdemeanor[103][104]
Violations of Texas tattooing & body piercing statute are a Class A misdemeanor, with each day of violation counting as a separate offense.[108]
Health Commissioner can impose a fine of up to $5000 on artists & shops for each violation[109]

Tattoo artists and body piercers must be registered with the Texas Department of Health[110] Tattoo and body piercing shops must be licensed[111]

Texas Health and Safety Code Ann. §146[112]

Utah

none specified[113]

Parent/guardian must be present during the procedure, give written permission, and provide proof of identity.[113]

Parental consent not required by law for ear piercing[113]

Tattooing or body piercing a minor is a class b misdemeanor, shops can be fined up to $1000 for each violation.[113]

Utah Code Ann. §76-10-2201[6]

Vermont

none specified[114]

Tattooists and body piercers must be registered.[114]

Vt. Stat. Ann. Title 26 §4101 to 4109[6][115]

Virginia

none specified[116]

Parent/Guardian must be present during the procedure.[116]

Virginia law does not limit minors' ability to have their ears pierced.[116]

Tattooing or body piercing a minor is a class 1 misdemeanor[116]

Tattoo artists and body piercers, as well as the operators of tattoo and body piercing establishments, are licensed by the state.[117][118]
Civic/local governments are empowered to regulate tattoo and body piercing establishments.[119]

Va. Code §54.1-700 et seq.
Va. Code §15.2-912
Va. Code § 18.2-371.3.[6]

Washington

18 (piercings excepted)[120]

cannot have tattoos, body piercings, or other body art.[121]

Wash. Code §26.28.085[120]
Wash. Code § 18.300[122]
Wash. Code § 246-145-001 to 060[123]
Wash. Code §70.54[124]

West Virginia

none specified[125]

parent/guardian must give written consent[125]

All persons receiving a tattoo must attest they are not under the influence of drugs or alcohol.[125]

Tattoo shop owners and body piercing studios must register with local board of health, and must be registered as a business with the state[126][127][128]

W. Va. Code §16-37
W. Va. Code §16-38[129]

Wisconsin

18[130]

n/a (tattooing not permitted under 18)

Physicians in the course of professional practice are exempt

no restriction

Tattooing a minor or even offering to do so is subject to a fine of up to $200

Artists must be satisfy training requirements and obtain a license from the health department. Establishments are subject to inspection and licensing[131]

Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations 948.70 and 252.235

Wyoming

none specified[132]

Verbal consent, presence during procedure.[132]

Procedures performed under the supervision of a licensed physician, and piercing of the ear, do not count as body art for this law.

no restriction[132]

Misdemeanor criminal offense, punishable by fine and prison time[132]

Wyoming Statute §14-3-107[132]

tag: table