document_title: List of superhero debuts

question_text: who was the first super hero ever created

text: List of superhero debuts

text:
Character / Team / Series

Year Debuted

Creator/s

First Appearance

Spring Heeled Jack

1878

George Augustus Sala or Alfred Burrage as "Charlton Lea"

Spring-Heeled Jack, the Terror of London

text: The folkloric Spring-heeled Jack came to be featured in a series of Penny Dreadfuls as a villain.  However, in the late 1970s and early 1980s, he was reinvented as a crime-fighter with a disguise, secret lair, and gadgets, hallmarks of superheroes.[3]

text: Newspaper comics[edit]

text:
Character / Team / Series

Year Debuted

Creator/s

First Appearance

Hugo Hercules

1902

Wilhelm Heinrich Detlev Körner

Chicago Tribune

text: Despite its short run, it's widely seen as the earliest superhero fiction comic.

text: Play[edit]

text:
Character / Team / Series

Year Debuted

Creator/s

First Appearance

The Scarlet Pimpernel

1903

Baroness Emmuska Orczy

The Scarlet Pimpernel

text: Often cited as perhaps the earliest superhero akin to those to become popularized through American comic books.[4][5]

text: Magazine[edit]

text:
Character / Team / Series

Year Debuted

Creator/s

First Appearance

John Carter of Mars

1911

Edgar Rice Burroughs

A Princess of Mars

Tarzan the Apeman

1912

Edgar Rice Burroughs

Tarzan of the Apes

The Night Wind

1913

Varick Vanardy[6] (Frederick Van Rensselaer Dey)

Alias the Night Wind

The Gray Seal

1914

Frank L. Packard

"The Adventures of Jimmie Dale" 1917 book version of 1914 and 1915 stories in People's Magazine

The Scarecrow

1915

Russell Thorndike

Doctor Syn: A Tale of the Romney Marsh

Zorro

1919

Johnston McCulley

"The Curse of Capistrano" All Weekly Story

text: Notable non-superhero characters that influenced the superhero genre[edit]

text:
Character / Team

Year Debuted

Creator/s

Media

First appearance

The Red Shadow

1926

Oscar Hammerstein II, Otto Harbach, and Frank Mandel

Play

The Desert Song

Buck Rogers

January 7, 1929

Philip Francis Nowlan

Newspaper Comic

Buck Rogers in the 25th Century A.D adapted from the story "Armageddon 2419 A.D." (Amazing Stories, August, 1928).

text: Radio[edit]

text:
Character / Team / Series

Year Debuted

Creator/s

First Appearance

The Shadow (as announcer voice)

1930 (July 31)

Maxwell Grant (Walter B. Gibson)

Detective Stories

The Lone Ranger

1933 (January 30)

George W. Trendle

The Lone Ranger

Tonto

1933 (February 25)

Fran Striker

The Lone Ranger

The Green Hornet and Kato

1936 (January 31)

George W. Trendle and Fran Striker

The Green Hornet

text: Pulp fiction[edit]

text:
Character / Team / Series

Year Debuted

Creator/s

First Appearance

The Shadow (as character)

1931 (April)

Maxwell Grant (Walter B. Gibson)

"The Living Shadow" The Shadow Magazine #1

Conan the Barbarian

1932 (December)

Robert E. Howard

"The Phoenix on the Sword" Weird Tales

Doc Savage

1933 (March)

Kenneth Robeson (Lester Dent)

The Man of Bronze

The Avenger

1939 (September)

Kenneth Robeson (Paul Ernst)

"Justice, Inc."The Avenger Magazine #1

text: Newspaper comics[edit]

text:
Character / Team / Series

Year Debuted

Creator/s

Series

Mandrake the Magician

1934 (June 11)

Lee Falk

Mandrake the Magician

The Phantom Magician[7]

1935 (April 15)

Mel Graff (fr)

The Adventures of Patsy[8]

The Phantom

1936 (February 17)

Lee Falk

The Phantom

text: Other media[edit]

text:
Character / Team

Year Debuted

Creator/s

Media

Ôgon Batto (the Golden Bat)

1930

Takeo Nagamatsu

Kamishibai (Japanese scroll show)

Hugo Danner

1930

Philip Wylie

Gladiator (novel)

text:
Character / Team

Year Debuted

Creator/s

Media

Dick Tracy

1931 (October 4)

Chester Gould

Newspaper Comic

Dan Dunn

1933

Norman Marsh

Original Comic Book Character

Flash Gordon

1934 (January 7)

Alex Raymond

Newspaper Comic

text: Comic book[edit]

text:
Character / Team

Year Debuted

Company

Creator/s

First Appearance

Doctor Occult (Doctor Mystic)

1935 (October)

DC

Jerry Siegel, Joe Shuster

New Fun Comics #6

The Clock

1936 (November)

Comics Magazine Co

George Brenner

Funny Pages #6 or Funny Picture Stories #1

Sheena, Queen of the Jungle

January 1937 (in Britain, 1938 in USA)

Fiction House

Will Eisner and S.M. "Jerry" Iger

Wags #1

Olga Mesmer

August 1937

Culture Publications

Watt Dell

Spicy Mystery Stories

Superman (Clark Kent)

1938 (June)

DC

Jerry Siegel, Joe Shuster

Action Comics #1

Zatara

1938 (June)

DC

Fred Guardineer

Action Comics #1

Americommando (Harold "Tex" Thompson)

1938 (June)

DC

Ken Fitch, Bernard Baily

Action Comics #1

Fatman (Bob Daley)

1938 (July)

DC

Ken Fitch, Bernard Baily

Action Comics #2

Arrow

1938 (September)

Centaur Publications

Paul Gustavson

Funny Pages vol. 2 #10 (or #21)

Crimson Avenger (Lee Travis)

1938 (October)

DC

Jim Chambers

Detective Comics #20

Batman (Bruce Wayne)

1939 (March)

DC

Bob Kane, Bill Finger

Detective Comics #27

Namor the Sub-Mariner

1939 (April)

Marvel/Timely

Bill Everett

Motion Picture Funnies Weekly #1

Wonder Man (Fox)

1939 (May)

Fox Publications

Will Eisner

Wonder Comics #1

The Flame (Gary Preston)

1939 (June)

Fox Publications

Will Eisner

Wonderworld Comics #3

Sandman (Wesley Dodds)

1939 (July)

DC

Gardner Fox, Bert Christman

World's Fair Comics #1

Blue Beetle (Dan Garret)

1939 (August)

Fox Publications

Charles Nicholas

Mystery Men Comics #1

Green Mask (Michael Shelby)

1939 (August)

Fox Publications

Walter Frehm

Mystery Men Comics #1

Bozo the Iron Man

1939 (August)

Quality Comics

George Brenner

Smash Comics #1

Amazing-Man (Centaur Publications)

1939 (September)

Centaur Publications

Bill Everett

Amazing-Man Comics #5

The Human Torch (Jim Hammond, original)

1939 (October)

Marvel/Timely

Carl Burgos

Marvel Comics #1

Angel (Thomas Halloway)

1939 (October)

Marvel/Timely

Paul Gustavson

Marvel Comics #1

Shock Gibson

1939 (October)

Brookwood Publications

Maurice Scott

Speed Comics #1

Ultra-Man (Gary Concord, Jr.)

1939 (November)

DC

Jon L. Blummer

All-American Comics #8

Doll Man

1939 (December)

Quality Comics

Will Eisner

Feature Comics #27

text: Newspaper comics[edit]

text:
Character / Team / Series

Year Debuted

Creator/s

Series

The Spirit

1940 (June 2)

Will Eisner

The Spirit

Invisible Scarlet O'Neil

1940 (June 3)

Russell Stamm

Invisible Scarlet O'Neil

text: Comic book[edit]

text:
Character / Team

Year Debuted

Company

Creator/s

First Appearance

Flash (Jay Garrick)

1940 (January)

DC

Gardner Fox, Harry Lampert

Flash Comics #1

Hawkman (Carter Hall)

1940 (January)

DC

Gardner Fox

Flash Comics #1

Johnny Thunder

1940 (January)

DC

John W. Wentworth, Stan Asch

Flash Comics #1

Whip (Rodney Gaynor)

1940 (January)

DC

John B. Wentworth, George Storm

Flash Comics #1

The Shield (Archie)

1940 (January)

MLJ/Archie

Harry Shorten, Irv Novick

Pep Comics #1

Captain Marvel (DC Comics)

1940 (February)

Fawcett Comics/DC

C. C. Beck, Bill Parker (comics)

Whiz Comics #2

Electro (comics)

1940 (February)

Marvel/Timely

Steve Dahlman

Marvel Mystery #4

Spectre (comics) (Jim Corrigan)

1940 (February)

DC

Jerry Siegel

More Fun Comics #52

Doc Strange

1940 (February)

Nedor Comics

Richard E. Hughes, Alexander Kostuk

Thrilling Comics #1

Hourman (Rex Tyler)

1940 (March)

DC

Ken Fitch, Bernard Bailey

Adventure Comics #48

Black Marvel (Daniel Lyons)

1940 (March)

Marvel/Timely

Al Gabriele and unknown writer

Mystic Comics #5

Blazing Skull (Mark Todd)

1940 (March)

Marvel/Timely

Mystic Comics #5

Robin (comics) (Dick Grayson, original)

1940 (April)

DC

Bob Kane, Bill Finger, Jerry Robinson

Detective Comics #38

Catwoman (Selina Kyle)

1940 (April)

DC

Bob Kane, Bill Finger

Batman #1

Bulletman and Bulletgirl

1940 (May)

Fawcett Comics/DC

Bill Parker (comics)

Nickel Comics #1

Doctor Fate (Kent Nelson & Nabu)

1940 (May)

DC

Gardner Fox, Howard Sherman

More Fun Comics #55

Scarlet Avenger

1940 (June)

Harry Shorten, Irv Novick

Zip Comics #1

Uncle Sam (comics)

1940 (July)

Quality Comics/DC

Will Eisner

National Comics #1

Green Lantern (Alan Scott, original)

1940 (July)

DC

Martin Nodell, Bill Finger

All-American Comics #16

The Red Bee

1940 (July)

Quality Comics/DC

Toni Blum, Charles Nicholas

Hit Comics #1

Daredevil (Gleason Publications)

1940 (September)

Gleason Publications

Jack Binder (comics)

Silver Streak #6

Atom (Al Pratt)

1940 (October)

DC

Ben Flinton, Bill O'Conner

All-American Comics #19

Vision (Timely Comics)

1940 (November)

Marvel/Timely

Joe Simon, Jack Kirby

Marvel Mystery Comics #13

Red Tornado (Ma Hunkel)

1940 (November)

DC

Sheldon Mayer

All-American Comics #20

Quicksilver (Max Mercury)

1940 (November)

Quality Comics/DC

Jack Cole (artist), Chuck Mazoujian

National Comics #5

Justice Society of America

1940 (Winter)

DC

Gardner Fox

All Star Comics #3

Black Terror

1941 (January)

Nedor Comics

Richard E. Hughes, Don Gabrielson

Exciting Comics #9

Professor Supermind and Son

1941 (February)

Dell Comics

Popular Comics #60

Captain America (Steve Rogers)

1941 (March)

Marvel/Timely

Joe Simon, Jack Kirby

Captain America Comics #1

Starman (Ted Knight) (Ted Knight)

1941 (April)

DC

Gardner Fox, Jack Burnley

Adventure Comics #61

Doctor Mid-Nite (Charles McNider)

1941 (April)

DC

Charles Reizenstein, Stanley Aschmeier

All-American Comics #25

Sargon the Sorcerer

1941 (May)

DC

John B. Wentworth, Howard Purcell

All American Comics #26

Hawkgirl (Shiera Sanders Hall)

1941 (July)

DC

Gardner Fox
Evelyn Gaines

All-Star Comics #5

Whizzer (Robert Frank)

1941 (August)

Marvel/Timely

Al Avison, Al Gabriele

USA Comics #1

American Crusader

1941 (August)

Nedor Comics

Writer and artist unknown

Thrilling Comics #19

Blackhawk (DC Comics)

1941 (August)

Quality Comics/DC

Will Eisner, Chuck Cuidera

Military Comics #1

Miss America (DC Comics)

1941 (August)

Quality Comics/DC

Military Comics #1

711 (Quality Comics)

1941 (August)

Quality Comics/DC

George Brenner

Police Comics #1

Human Bomb

1941 (August)

Quality Comics/DC

Paul Gustavson

Police Comics #1

Plastic Man

1941 (August)

Quality Comics/DC

Jack Cole (artist)

Police Comics #1

Phantom Lady

1941 (August)

Quality Comics/DC

Arthur Peddy

Police Comics #1

Nelvana of the Northern Lights

1941 (August)

Hillborough Studios (Canada)

Adrian Dingle

Triumph Comics #1

Johnny Quick (Johnny Chambers)

1941 (September)

DC

Mort Weisinger, Chad Grothkopf

More Fun Comics #71

Captain Flag

1941 (September)

MLJ/Archie

Joe Blair, Lin Streeter

Blue Ribbon Comics #16

Fighting Yank

1941 (September)

Nedor Comics

Richard Hughes, Jon Blummer

Startling Comics #10

Aquaman

1941 (November)

DC

Mort Weisinger, Paul Norris

More Fun Comics #73

Green Arrow (Oliver Queen) and Speedy (comics)

1941 (November)

DC

Mort Weisinger, Greg Papp

More Fun Comics #73

Sandy the Golden Boy

1941 (December)

DC

Joe Simon and Jack Kirby

Adventure Comics #69

Seven Soldiers of Victory

1941 (December)

DC

Mort Weisinger

Leading Comics #1

Wonder Woman (Diana Prince)

1941 (December)

DC

William Moulton Marston, H. G. Peter

All Star Comics #8 / Sensation Comics #1

Liberator (Nedor)

1941 (December)

Nedor Comics

Writer and artist unknown

Exciting Comics #15

Captain Marvel, Jr.

1941 (December)

Fawcett Comics/DC

Ed Herron, Mac Raboy

Whiz Comics #25

Wildcat (comics)

1942 (January)

DC

Bill Finger, Irwin Hasen

Sensation Comics #1

Mister Terrific (comics)(Terry Sloane)

1942 (January)

DC

Chuck Reizenstein, Hal Sharp

Sensation Comics #1

Air Wave

1942 (February)

DC

Murray Boltinoff or Mort Weisinger, and Lee Harris (illustrator)

Detective Comics #60

Johnny Canuck (as superhero)

1942 (February)

[Canada]

Leo Bachle

Dime Comics #1

Manhunter (comics) (Paul Kirk)

1942 (April)

DC

Jack Kirby, Joe Simon

Adventure Comics #73

Manhunter (comics) (Dan Richards)

1942 (March)

Quality Comics/DC

Police Comics #8

Robotman (Robert Crane)

1942 (April)

DC

Jerry Siegel, Leo Nowak

Star-Spangled Comics #7

Commando Yank

1942 (July)

Fawcett Comics/DC

Wow Comics #6

Captain Commando

1942 (August)

S.M. "Jerry" Iger, Alex Blum

Pep Comics #30

Kid Eternity

1942 (December)

Quality Comics/DC

Otto Binder, Sheldon Moldoff

Hit Comics #25

Mary Marvel

1942 (December)

Fawcett Comics/DC

Otto Binder, Marc Swayze

Captain Marvel Adventures #18

Canada Jack

1943 (March)

George Menendez Rae

Canadian Heroes Vol. 1, #5

Miss America (Marvel Comics)

1943 (November)

Marvel/Timely

Otto Binder, Al Gabriele

Marvel Mystery Comics #49

Grim Reaper (Nedor)

1944 (May)

Nedor Comics

Author unknown, artist Al Camy

Fighting Yank #7

Superboy (Clark Kent)

1945 (January)

DC

Don Cameron, Jerry Siegel, Joe Shuster

More Fun Comics #101

All-Winners Squad

1946 (Fall)

Marvel/Timely

Martin Goodman (publisher), Bill Finger

All Winners Comics #19

Black Canary

1947 (August)

DC

Robert Kanigher, Carmine Infantino

Flash Comics #86

Moon Girl

1947 (Fall)

Gardner Fox, Sheldon Moldoff

The Happy Houligans #1

Golden Girl (Betsy Ross)

1947 (December)

Marvel/Timely

Captain America #1 (As Betsy Ross); Captain America #66 (As Golden Girl)

text: Other media[edit]

text:
Character / Team / Series

Year Debuted

Creator/s

First Appearance

Maximo

1940

Russell Winterbotham

Maximo, the Amazing Superman(Big Little Book)

text: Comic book[edit]

text:
Character / Team

Year Debuted

Company

Creator/s

First Appearance

Captain Comet

1951 (June)

DC

John Broome, Carmine Infantino

Strange Adventures #9

Phantom Stranger

1952 (August)

DC

John Broome, Carmine Infantino, Sy Barry

Phantom Stranger #1

Marvelman (later Miracleman)

1954 (February)

[U.K.]

Mick Anglo

Marvelman #25

Captain Flash

1954 (November)

Mike Sekowsky (artist, writer unknown)

Captain Flash #1

Martian Manhunter

1955 (November)

DC

Joseph Samachson, Joe Certa

Detective Comics #225

Batwoman (Kathy Kane, 1st ver)

1956 (July)

DC

Edmond Hamilton, Sheldon Moldoff

Detective Comics #233

Flash (Barry Allen, 2nd ver)

1956 (October)

DC

Robert Kanigher, Carmine Infantino

Showcase #4

Challengers of the Unknown

1957 (February)

DC

Jack Kirby

Showcase #6

Legion of Super-Heroes

1958 (April)

DC

Mort Weisinger, Otto Binder

Adventure Comics #247

Super Girl (tryout version)

1958 (August)

DC

Otto Binder, Al Plastino

Superman #123

Adam Strange

1958 (November)

DC

Gardner Fox, Mike Sekowsky

Showcase Comics #17

Herbie Popnecker

1958 (December)

Richard E. Hughes, Ogden Whitney

Forbidden Worlds #73

Lady Blackhawk

1959 (February)

DC

Jack Schiff and Dick Dillin

Blackhawks #133

Supergirl (Kara Zor-El)

1959 (May)

DC

Otto Binder, Al Plastino

Action Comics #252

The Fly (Archie Comics)

1959 (June)

Archie Comics

Joe Simon, Jack Kirby

The Double Life of Private Strong #1

Green Lantern (Hal Jordan) (Hal Jordan, 2nd ver)

1959 (October)

DC

Julius Schwartz, John Broome, Gil Kane

Showcase #22

Kid Flash

1959 (December)

DC

John Broome, Carmine Infantino

The Flash #110

text: Television[edit]

text:
Character / Team / Series

Year Debuted

Creator/s

First Appearance

Captain Video

1955 (April 1)

Captain Video

Gekko Kamen (Moonlight Mask)

1958

Kōhan Kawauchi

Moonlight Mask

text: Comic book[edit]

text:
Character / Team

Year Debuted

Company

Creator/s

First Appearance

Justice League

1960 (February)

DC

Gardner Fox

The Brave and the Bold #28

Captain Atom

1960 (March)

Charlton Comics/DC

Joe Gill, Steve Ditko

Space Adventures #33

Elongated Man

1960 (May)

DC

John Broome, Carmine Infantino

The Flash vol. 1 #112

Groot

1960 (November)

Marvel

Stan Lee, Jack Kirby

Tales to Astonish #13

Hawkman (Katar Hol, 2nd ver)

1961 (February)

DC

Gardner Fox, Joe Kubert

The Brave and the Bold #34

Flygirl

1961 (July)

Archie Comics

Robert Bernstein, John Rosenberger

Adventures of the Fly #13

The Jaguar

1961 (September)

Archie Comics

Robert Bernstein

The Adventures of the Jaguar #1

The Atom (Ray Palmer, 2nd ver)

1961 (October)

DC

Julius Schwartz, Gardner Fox, Gil Kane

Showcase #34

Fantastic Four (Mister Fantastic, Invisible Girl, Human Torch (Johnny Storm), The Thing)

1961 (November)

Marvel

Stan Lee, Jack Kirby

The Fantastic Four #1

Ant-Man (Henry Pym)

1962 (January)

Marvel

Stan Lee, Jack Kirby

Tales to Astonish #27

The Hulk (Bruce Banner)

1962 (May)

Marvel

Stan Lee, Jack Kirby

The Incredible Hulk #1

Spider-Man (Peter Parker)

1962 (August)

Marvel

Stan Lee, Steve Ditko

Amazing Fantasy #15

Thor (Thor Odinson)

1962 (August)

Marvel

Stan Lee, Jack Kirby

Journey into Mystery #83

Doctor Solar

1962 (October)

Gold Key Comics

Paul S. Newman, Matt Murphy

Doctor Solar, Man of the Atom #1

Wonder Wart-Hog

1962

Underground

Gilbert Shelton

Bacchanal

Magnus, Robot Fighter

1963 (February)

Gold Key Comics

Chase Craig, Russ Manning

Magnus Robot Fighter 4000 A.D. #1

Iron Man (Tony Stark)

1963 (March)

Marvel

Stan Lee, Jack Kirby, Don Heck

Tales of Suspense #39

Doom Patrol (The Chief, Robotman (Cliff Steele), Elasti-Girl (Rita Farr), Negative Man)

1963 (June)

DC

Bob Haney, Arnold Drake, Bruno Premiani

My Greatest Adventure #80

Wasp

1963 (June)

Marvel

Stan Lee, Jack Kirby

Tales to Astonish #44

Doctor Strange (Stephen Strange)

1963 (July)

Marvel

Stan Lee, Steve Ditko

Strange Tales #110

X-Men (Professor X, Cyclops, Angel (Warren Worthington), Beast, Iceman, Marvel Girl)

1963 (September)

Marvel

Stan Lee, Jack Kirby

X-Men #1

The Avengers

1963 (September)

Marvel

Stan Lee, Jack Kirby, Dick Ayers

Avengers #1

Quicksilver

1964 (March)

Marvel

Stan Lee, Jack Kirby

X-Men #4

Scarlet Witch

1964 (March)

Marvel

Stan Lee, Jack Kirby

X-Men #4

Black Widow

1964 (April)

Marvel

Stan Lee, Don Rico, Don Heck

Tales of Suspense #52

Daredevil (Matt Murdock)

1964 (April)

Marvel

Stan Lee, Bill Everett

Daredevil #1

Hawkeye (Clint Barton)

1964 (July)

Marvel

Stan Lee, Don Heck

Tales of Suspense #57

Teen Titans

1964 (July)

DC

Robert Haney, Bruno Premiani

The Brave and the Bold #54

Wonder Man

1964 (October)

Marvel

Stan Lee, Jack Kirby

Avengers #9

Zatanna

1964 (November)

DC

Gardner Fox, Murphy Anderson

Hawkman #4

Metamorpho

1965 (January)

DC

Bob Haney, Ramona Fradon

The Brave and the Bold #57

Hercules

1965 (June)

Marvel

Stan Lee, Jack Kirby

Journey into Mystery Annual #1

Animal Man

1965 (September)

DC

Dave Wood, Carmine Infantino

Strange Adventures #180

Mighty Crusaders

1965

Archie Comics

Jerry Siegel, Paul Reinman

Fly-Man #31

T.H.U.N.D.E.R. Agents

1965 (November)

Tower

Wally Wood

T.H.U.N.D.E.R. Agents #1

Silver Surfer

1966 (March)

Marvel

Stan Lee, Jack Kirby

Fantastic Four #48

Black Panther

1966 (July)

Marvel

Stan Lee, Jack Kirby

Fantastic Four #52

Nightshade

1966 (September)

Charlton Comics/DC

Joe Gill, Steve Ditko

Captain Atom #82

Blue Beetle (Ted Kord, 2nd ver)

1966 (November)

Charlton Comics/DC

Steve Ditko

Captain Atom #83

Batgirl (Barbara Gordon)

1967 (January)

DC

Gardner Fox, Carmine Infantino

Detective Comics #359

Banshee

1967 (January)

Marvel

Roy Thomas, Werner Roth

X-Men #28

Question

1967 (June)

Charlton Comics/DC

Steve Ditko

Blue Beetle #1

Black Knight

1967 (December)

Marvel

Roy Thomas, John Buscema

Avengers #47

Captain Marvel (Mar-Vell)

1967 (December)

Marvel

Stan Lee, Gene Colan

Marvel Super Heroes #12

Carol Danvers (a.k.a. Ms. Marvel, Binary, Warbird)

1968 (March)

Marvel

Roy Thomas, Gene Colan

Marvel Super Heroes #13

The Creeper

1968 (March)

DC

Steve Ditko

Showcase #73

Vision

1968 (October)

Marvel

Roy Thomas, John Buscema

Avengers #57

Polaris

1968 (October)

Marvel

Arnold Drake, Don Heck, Werner Roth, Jim Steranko

X-Men #49

Guardians of the Galaxy (1st version)

1969 (January)

Marvel

Arnold Drake, Gene Colan

Marvel Super-Heroes #18

Havok

1969 (March)

Marvel

Arnold Drake, Don Heck, Neal Adams

X-Men #54

Falcon (Sam Wilson)

1969 (September)

Marvel

Stan Lee, Gene Colan

Captain America #117

text: Television[edit]

text:
Character / Team / Series

Year Debuted

Creator/s

First Appearance

Ultraman

1966

Eiji Tsuburaya

Ultraman

Captain Nice

1967 (January)

Buck Henry

Captain Nice

Mister Terrific (Stanley Beamish)

1967 (January)

Mr. Terrific

The Mighty Heroes
(Strong Man, Cuckoo Man, Tornado Man, Rope Man, Diaper Man)

1966

Ralph Bakshi

Mighty Mouse Playhouse

Space Ghost

1966

Alex Toth
William Hanna & Joseph Barbera

Space Ghost and Dino Boy

Birdman

1967

Alex Toth
William Hanna & Joseph Barbera

Birdman and the Galaxy Trio

Ultra Seven

1967

Eiji Tsuburaya

Ultra Seven

text: Radio[edit]

text:
Character / Team / Series

Year Debuted

Creator/s

First Appearance

Kalimán

1963

Rafael Cutberto Navarro and Modesto Vázquez González

Kalimán

text: Comic book[edit]

text:
Character / Team

Year Debuted

Company

Creator/s

First Appearance

Sunfire

1970 (January)

Marvel

Roy Thomas, Don Heck

X-Men #64

Valkyrie

1970 (December)

Marvel

Roy Thomas, John Buscema

The Avengers #83

Squadron Supreme

1971 (February)

Marvel

Roy Thomas, Sal Buscema

The Avengers #85-86

The Forever People

1971 (February)

DC

Jack Kirby

The Forever People #1

New Gods

1971 (February)

DC

Jack Kirby

New Gods #1

Mister Miracle

1971 (March)

DC

Jack Kirby

Mister Miracle #1

Big Barda

1971 (March)

DC

Jack Kirby

Mister Miracle #1

Man-Thing

1971 (May)

Marvel

Roy Thomas, Gerry Conway, Gray Morrow

Savage Tales #1

Swamp Thing

1971 (July)

DC

Len Wein, Bernie Wrightson

House of Secrets #92

The Defenders

1971 (December)

Marvel

Roy Thomas

Marvel Feature #1

Luke Cage a.k.a. Power Man

1972 (June)

Marvel

Archie Goodwin, George Tuska

Luke Cage, Hero for Hire #1

Ghost Rider (Johnny Blaze)

1972 (August)

Marvel

Roy Thomas, Gary Friedrich, Mike Ploog

Marvel Spotlight #5

Drax The Destroyer

1973 (February)

Marvel

Mike Friedrich, Jim Starlin

Iron Man #55

Brother Voodoo

1973 (September)

Marvel

Len Wein, Gene Colan

Strange Tales #169

Shang-Chi

1973 (December)

Marvel

Steve Englehart, Jim Starlin

Special Marvel Edition #15

Punisher (Frank Castle)

1974 (February)

Marvel

Gerry Conway, Ross Andru

The Amazing Spider-Man #129

Iron Fist

1974 (May)

Marvel

Roy Thomas, Gil Kane

Marvel Premiere #15

Deathlok

1974 (August)

Marvel

Rich Buckler, Doug Moench

Astonishing Tales #25

Wolverine

1974 (October)

Marvel

Len Wein, Herb Trimpe

Incredible Hulk #180 (cameo last panel), #181 first full appearance

Captain Canuck

1975

Richard Comely, Ron Leishman

Captain Canuck #1

All-New, All-Different X-Men (Storm, Nightcrawler, Colossus, Thunderbird)

1975 (May)

Marvel

Len Wein, Dave Cockrum

Giant-Size X-Men #1

Gamora

1975 (June)

Marvel

Jim Starlin

Strange Tales #180

Moon Knight

1975 (August)

Marvel

Doug Moench, Don Perlin

Werewolf by Night #32

Power Girl

1976 (January)

DC

Gerry Conway

All-Star Comics #58

Star-Lord

1976 (January)

Marvel

Steve Englehart, Steve Gan

Marvel Preview #4

Captain Britain

1976

Marvel

Chris Claremont, Herb Trimpe

Captain Britain Weekly #1

Nova (Richard Rider)

1976 (September)

Marvel

Marv Wolfman, John Romita, Sr.

The Man Called Nova #1

Spider-Woman

1977 (February)

Marvel

Archie Goodwin, Jim Mooney

Marvel Spotlight #32

Black Lightning

1977 (April)

DC

Tony Isabella, Trevor Von Eeden

Black Lightning #1

3-D Man

1977 (April)

Marvel

Roy Thomas

Marvel Premiere #35

Firestorm

1978 (March)

DC

Gerry Conway, Allen Milgrom

Firestorm, The Nuclear Man #1

Alpha Flight

1979 (April)

Marvel

Chris Claremont, John Byrne

Uncanny X-Men #120

Black Cat

1979 (July)

Marvel

Marv Wolfman, Keith Pollard

The Amazing Spider-Man #194

text: Television[edit]

text:
Character / Team / Series

Year Debuted

Creator/s

First Appearance

El Chapulín Colorado

1970

Roberto Gomez Bolaños

Chespirito (segment: El Chapulín Colorado)

Kamen Rider

1971

Shotaro Ishinomori

Kamen Rider

G-Force

1972

Kagaku ninja tai Gatchaman (Battle of the Planets)

Six Million Dollar Man

1973 (March 7)

Martin Caidin

The Six Million Dollar Man movie (based on 1972 novel Cyborg)

The Bionic Woman

1975 (March 16)

Kenneth Johnson

The Six Million Dollar Man (episode: "The Bionic Woman")

text: Comic book[edit]

text:
Character / Team

Year Debuted

Company

Creator/s

First Appearance

Kitty Pryde

1980 (January)

Marvel

Chris Claremont, John Byrne

Uncanny X-Men #129

Emma Frost

1980 (January)

Marvel

Chris Claremont, John Byrne

Uncanny X-Men #129

Dazzler

1980 (February)

Marvel

Tom DeFalco, Louise Simonson, Roger Stern

Uncanny X-Men #130

She-Hulk

1980 (February)

Marvel

Stan Lee, John Buscema

Savage She-Hulk #1

Elektra

1981 (January)

Marvel

Frank Miller

Daredevil #168

Omega Men

1981 (January)

DC

Marv Wolfman, Joe Staton

Green Lantern #136

Captain Victory and the Galactic Rangers

1981 (November)

DC

Jack Kirby

Captain Victory and the Galactic Rangers #1

Rogue

1981 (November)

Marvel

Chris Claremont, Michael Golden

Avengers Annual #10

Rocket Raccoon

1982 (May)

Marvel

Bill Mantlo, Keith Giffen

Incredible Hulk #271

Monica Rambeau (a.k.a. Captain Marvel, Photon, Pulsar)

1982 (December)

Marvel

Roger Stern, John Romita, Jr.

The Amazing Spider-Man Annual #16

New Mutants

1982 (December)

Marvel

Chris Claremont

The New Mutants, Marvel Graphic Novel #4

The Maxx

1982

Comico

Sam Kieth

Primer #5 (as Max the Hare), The Maxx #1 (as The Maxx)

Robin (Jason Todd)

1983 (March)

DC Comics

Jim Starlin, Max Collins

"Batman" #357

Lobo (DC Comics)

1983 (June)

DC

Roger Slifer, Keith Giffen

Omega Men #3

Outsiders

1983 (July)

DC

Mike Barr, Jim Aparo

The Brave and the Bold #200

American Flagg

1983 (October)

First Comics

Howard Chaykin

American Flagg #1

Atari Force

1984 (January)

DC

Gerry Conway, Roy Thomas, Ross Andru

Atari Force #1

Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles

1984 (May)

Mirage

Kevin Eastman, Peter Laird

Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles #1

Power Pack

1984 (August)

Marvel

Louise Simonson, June Brigman

Power Pack (Vol. 1) #1

West Coast Avengers

1984 (September)

Marvel

Roger Stern, Bob Hall

West Coast Avengers (Vol. 1) #1

Femforce

1984 (September)

AC Comics

Bill Black, Stephanie Sanderson, Mark Heike

Femforce Special

Julia Carpenter (a.k.a. Spider-Woman, Arachne)

1984 (October)

Marvel

Jim Shooter, Mike Zeck

Secret Wars #6-7

Northguard

1984

[Canada]

Mark Shainblum, Gabriel Morrissette

New Triumph featuring Northguard #1

Zot

1984

Eclipse Comics

Scott McCloud

Zot! #1

Mr. Monster

1984

Michael T. Gilbert

Vanguard Illustrated  #7

Fleur de Lys

1985

[Canada]

Mark Shainblum, Gabriel Morrissette

New Triumph featuring Northguard #5

Nagraj

1986 (January)

Raj Comics

Sanjay Gupta

Nagraj #1

X-Factor

1986 (February)

Marvel

Bob Layton, Jackson Guice, Josef Rubinstein

X-Factor #1

Booster Gold

1986 (February)

DC

Dan Jurgens

Booster Gold #1

Savage Dragon

1986 (February)

Erik Larsen

Megaton #3

Watchmen

1986 (September)

DC

Alan Moore, Dave Gibbons

Watchmen #1

Super Commando Dhruva

1987 (April)

Raj Comics

Anupam Sinha

GENL #74 Pratishodh Ki Jwala

Excalibur

1988 (April)

Marvel

Chris Claremont, Alan Davis

Excalibur: The Sword is Drawn

The Crow

1989 (January)

Caliber

James O'Barr

Caliber Presents #1

Robin (Tim Drake)

1989 (August)

DC Comics

Marv Wolfman

Batman #436

New Warriors

1989 (December)

Marvel

Tom DeFalco, Ron Frenz

Thor #411

Dawn

1989 (December)

Sirius Entertainment

Joseph Michael Linsner

Cry for Dawn #1

text: Television[edit]

text:
Character / Team / Series

Year Debuted

Creator/s

First Appearance

Ralph Hinkley

1981 (March)

The Greatest American Hero

Thundercats

1985

Tobin "Ted" Wolf & Rankin/Bass Productions

Silverhawks

1986

Rankin/Bass Productions

Tigersharks

1987

Rankin/Bass Productions

text: Comic book[edit]

text:
Character / Team

Year Debuted

Company

Creator/s

First Appearance

Cable (comics)

1990 (March)

Marvel

Louise Simonson, Rob Liefeld

The New Mutants #87 X-Men #201 (January 1986, as Nathan Summers)

Gambit (comics)

1990 (August)

Marvel

Chris Claremont, Jim Lee

X-Men #266

Bhokal

1991 (January)

Raj Comics

Sanjay Gupta

Bhokal #1

Darkhawk

1991 (February)

Marvel

Tom Defalco, Mike Manley

Marvel Age #97

Deadpool

1991 (February)

Marvel

Rob Liefeld, Fabian Nicieza

The New Mutants #98

X-Force

1991 (April)

Marvel

Rob Liefeld

The New Mutants #100

Jesse Quick (daughter of Johnny Quick and Liberty Belle)

1991 (April)

DC

Len Strazewski, Mike Parobeck

Justice Society of America (vol. 2) #1

Next Men

1991 (September)

Dark Horse

John Byrne

Dark Horse Presents #54

Parmanu

1991 (October)

Raj Comics

Sanjay Gupta

Nagraj and Super Commando Dhruva #1

Bishop (comics)

1991 (November)

Marvel

Whilce Portacio Jim Lee

X-Men #282

Spawn

1992 (May)

Image

Todd McFarlane

Spawn #1

War Machine

1992 (June)

Marvel

Len Kaminski, Kev Hopgood

Iron Man #281

Eternal Warrior

1992 (June)

Valiant Comics

Jim Shooter

Solar: Man of the Atom #10

WildC.A.T.s

1992 (August )

Image Comics

Jim Lee

Supreme

1992 (August)

Image

Rob Liefeld

Youngblood #3

Doga

1992 (November)

Raj Comics

Tarunkumar Wahi, Sanjay Gupta and Manu

Curfew

Stormwatch

1993 (March)

Image

Jim Lee

Stormwatch #1

Gen¹³

1993 (September)

Image

Jim Lee, Brandon Choi

Deathmate #Black

Hellboy

1993 (December)

Dark Horse

Mike Mignola

Next Men #21

Prime

1993

Malibu Comics

Gerard Jones, Len Strazewski, Norm Breyfogle

Prime #1

Static

1993

DC

Dwayne McDuffie, John Paul Leon

Static #1

Bheriya

1994 (January)

Raj Comics

Dheeraj Verma

 Bheriya #1

Purgatori

1994

Chaos! Comics

Brian Pulido, Steven Hughes

Lady Death #3

Generation X

1994

Marvel

Scott Lobdell, Chris Bachalo

X-Men #318

Starman (Jack Knight)

1994

DC

James Robinson, Tony Harris

Zero Hour #1

Astro City

1995

Image

Kurt Busiek, Brent Anderson

Astro City #1

Mr. Hero the Newmatic Man

1995

Neil Gaiman, James Vance, Ted Slampyak

Neil Gaiman's Mr. Hero, The Newmatic Man #1

X-Man

1995

Marvel

Jeph Loeb, Steve Skroce

X-Man #1

The Thunderbolts

1997

Marvel

Kurt Busiek, Mark Bagley

The Incredible Hulk #449

The Authority

1999

Wildstorm/DC

Warren Ellis, Bryan Hitch

The Authority vol. 1 #1

text: Movies[edit]

text:
Character / Team / Series

Year Debuted

Creator/s

First Appearance

The Rocketeer

1991

Dave Stevens

Meteor Man

1993

text: Television[edit]

text:
Character / Team / Series

Year Debuted

Creator/s

First Appearance

The Adventures of T-Rex

1992

Lee Gunther & Michael Wehl

Power Rangers

1993

Haim Saban

Mighty Morphin Power Rangers

VR Troopers

1994

Haim Saban

VR Troopers

Masked Rider

1995

Haim Saban

Masked Rider

Beetleborgs

1996

Haim Saban

Big Bad Beetleborgs

Astralborgs

1997

Haim Saban

Beetleborgs Metallix

Shaktimaan

1997

Mukesh Khanna

Shaktimaan

text: Comic book[edit]

text:
Character / Team

Year Debuted

Company

Creator/s

First Appearance

Black Fox (Dr. Robert William Paine)

2000

Marvel

Roger Stern, John Byrne

Marvel: The Lost Generation #12

Buzz

2000

Marvel

Tom DeFalco, Ron Frenz

Spider-Girl #18

Night Eagle

2000

DC

J.M. DeMatteis, Mike Miller

The Adventures of Superman #586

Sentry

2000

Marvel

Paul Jenkins, Jae Lee, Rick Veitch

The Sentry #1

Typeface

2000

Marvel

Paul Jenkins, Mark Buckingham

Peter Parker: Spider-Man v2 #23

Orpheus

2001

DC

Alex Simmons, Dwayne Turner

Batman: Orpheus Rising #1

Spike

2001

Marvel

Peter Milligan, Mike Allred

X-Force #121

Ultimate Marvel characters

2001

Marvel

various

Ultimate Spider-Man #1

X-Statix

2001

Marvel

Peter Milligan, Mike Allred

X-Force #116

X-Treme X-Men

2001

Marvel

Chris Claremont

X-Treme X-Men #1

Runaways

2002

Marvel

Brian K. Vaughan, Adrian Alphona

Runaways vol. 1 #1

Invincible

2002

Image

Robert Kirkman, Cory Walker

Noble Causes: Family Secrets #3

Super Buddies

2003

DC

Keith Giffen, J. M. DeMatteis, Kevin Maguire, Joe Rubinstein

Formerly Known as the Justice League #1

X-23

2003

Marvel

Craig Kyle

NYX #3

Anya Corazon

2004

Marvel

Fiona Avery, Mark Brooks

Amazing Fantasy vol. 2 #1

Doc Frankenstein

2004

Geof Darrow, Steve Skroce, Wachowski Brothers

Doc Frankenstein  #1

Freakshow

2004

Marvel

Chris Claremont

Excalibur vol. 3 #1

Young Avengers

2005

Marvel

Allan Heinberg, Jim Cheung

Young Avengers #1

Blue Beetle (Jaime Reyes, 3rd ver)

2006

DC

Keith Giffen, John Rogers, Cully Hamner

Infinite Crisis #5

Crimson Chin

2006

Butch Hartman

The Fairly OddParents #1

Miss Martian

2006

DC

Geoff Johns, Tony Daniel

Teen Titans vol. 3, #37

The 99

2007

Teshkeel Comics

Naif Al-Mutawa

The 99 #1

Atomic Robo

2007

Brian Clevinger, Scott Wegener

Atomic Robo #46

Bob, Agent of HYDRA

2007

Marvel

Fabian Nicieza

Cable & Deadpool #38

Forerunner

2007

DC

Jimmy Palmiotti, Justin Gray, Jesus Saiz.

Countdown #46

Anna Mercury

2008

Warren Ellis

Anna Mercury #1

Blue Marvel

2008

Marvel

Kevin Grevioux

Adam: Legend of the Blue Marvel #1

Kick-Ass

2008

Mark Millar

Kick-Ass #1

She-Hulk (Lyra)

2008

Marvel

Jeff Parker, Mitch Breitweiser

Hulk: Raging Thunder #1

Guardians of the Galaxy 2nd version

2008 (April)

Marvel

Dan Abnett, Andy Lanning

Annihilation: Conquest #6

Achilles Warkiller

2009

DC

Gail Simone, Aaron Lopresti

Wonder Woman (vol. 3) #30

Haunt

2009

Image

Robert Kirkman, Todd McFarlane

Haunt #1

King Chimera

2009

DC

Matthew Sturges, Fernando Pasarin

Justice Society of America (vol. 3) #24

Mot

2009

Nick Simmons

Incarnate #1

text: Movies[edit]

text:
Character / Team / Series

Year Debuted

Creator/s

First Appearance

David Dunn

2000

M. Night Shyamalan

Unbreakable (film)

The Incredibles, Frozone

2004

Brad Bird

The Incredibles

Catwoman (Patience Phillips, 2nd ver)

2004

Catwoman

Sky High students and graduates

2005

Paul Hernandez, Robert Schooley, Mark McCorkle

Sky High

Krrish

2006

Rakesh Roshan

Krrish

Zenith Team (Captain Zoom, Concussion, Mega-Boy, Wonder, Houdini, Princess, Marsha Holloway)

2006

Adam Rifkin

Zoom

John Hancock

2008

Vincent Ngo

Hancock

text: Television[edit]

text:
Character / Team / Series

Year Debuted

Creator/s

First Appearance

Danny Phantom

2004

Butch Hartman

Danny Phantom

Ben Tennyson

2005

Man of Action (Duncan Rouleau, Joe Casey, Joe Kelly, and Steven T. Seagle)

Ben 10

Heroes

2006

Tim Kring

Heroes

Kamen Rider Dragon Knight

2009

Steve Wang

Kamen Rider: Dragon Knight

text: Comic book[edit]

text:
Character / Team

Year Debuted

Company

Creator/s

First Appearance

Biały Orzeł (White Eagle)

2011

Wizuale (Poland)

Maciej Kmiołek & Adam Kmiołek

Biały Orzeł #1

Soundman

2012

Brian Bondurant

"Power Couple!" (part of Kumate Works anthology)

Captain China

2012

Excel Comics [China]

Chi Wang & Jim Lai

Captain China #1 - The World's Greatest Communist Super Hero!

Ms. Marvel

2014

Marvel

Sana Amanat

Captain Marvel #14

Spider-Gwen

2014

Marvel

Jason Latour and Robbi Rodriguez

Edge of Spider-Verse #2

Gwenpool

2016

Marvel

Chris Bachalo

Howard the Duck Vol 6 #1

text: Movies[edit]

text:
Character / Team

Year Debuted

Company

Creator/s

First Appearance

Cutthroat, Charge, Shadow, The Wall

2011

Jason Trost

Vs

Andrew Detmer, Matt Garetty, Steve Montgomery

2017

Emilio Insolera

Sign Gene

text: Television[edit]

text:
Character / Team

Year Debuted

Company

Creator/s

First Appearance

Powell family

2010

Ra. One

Greg Berlanti, Jon Harmon Feldman

No Ordinary Family

The Cape

2011

Tom Wheeler

The Cape


document_title: Rockefeller Center Christmas Tree

question_text: where did the rockefeller tree come from this year

root

text: Rockefeller Center Christmas Tree

text: Selection and decoration[edit]

text: Trees are traditionally donated to Rockefeller Center, which in turn donates the lumber after display. Until his death in 2009, the late David Murbach,[4] Manager of the Gardens Division of Rockefeller Center, scouted for the desired tree in upstate New York and surrounding states, and even Ottawa, Canada.[5]

tag: p

text: The trees are now scouted by Erik Pauzé, Head Gardener at Rockefeller Center. Pauzé visits nurseries throughout the tri-state area while keeping his eye out for one-of-a-kind backyard trees. Trees may also be submitted for consideration through Rockefeller Center's web site. Pauzé and his team choose each year’s tree based on its heartiness and “Christmas tree shape,” as well as its ability to support the heavy ornaments.[6]

text: Once a tree is selected, a crane supports the tree while it is cut, then moved to a custom telescoping trailer able to transport trees up to 125 feet (38 m) tall, although the width of city streets around Rockefeller Center limits the height of the tree to 100 feet (30 m). Local business Christmas Tree Brooklyn provides support in delivering the tree safely into the city. On its way to Manhattan, the tree is often dressed in giant red bows or banners extending holiday greetings to witnesses. Trucks, barges, and even a transport plane have all been used to help the tree make the trip.[7]

text: Once at Rockefeller Center, the tree is supported[8] by four guy-wires attached at its midpoint and by a steel spike at its base. Scaffolding is erected around the tree to assist workers in hanging about 50,000 multi-colored LED lights and the star top.[9] The crystal star that has topped the tree since 2004 is 9.5 feet (2.9 m) in diameter and weighs 550 pounds (250 kg). This "Swarovski Star," containing 25,000 Swarovski crystals, 1 million facets, and LED lights, was created by German artist Michael Hammers.[10][11]

text: History[edit]

text: Although the official Christmas tree tradition at Rockefeller Center began in 1933 (the year 30 Rockefeller Plaza opened), an unofficial tradition began during the Depression-era construction of the Center, when workers decorated a smaller 20 foot (6.1 m) balsam fir with "strings of cranberries, garlands of paper, and even a few tin cans" on Christmas Eve (December 24, 1931), as recounted by Daniel Okrent in his history of Rockefeller Center.[12] According to Rockefeller Center, workers pooled their money for that unlit tree, with the garlands made by workers' families.

text: With the lighting of the 50-foot-tall (15 m) first official tree two years later, the tree became what Rockefeller Center dubbed "a holiday beacon for New Yorkers and visitors alike." A skating rink was opened below the tree in the plaza in 1936.[2] Rockefeller Center has observed the tree to be "from the beginning ... a gathering place and reflection of what was happening in the world around it."[13]

text: World War II ushered in simple, patriotic decorations, including red, white and blue unlit globes and painted wooden stars. In 1942, instead of one large tree, three more modest trees were raised, each decorated in one of the flag's colors. From 1944 until the war's end in 1945, the tree went unlit due to blackout regulations.[2] After the war, the year of darkness was left behind, as six ultraviolet light projectors were employed to make it appear as though the tree’s 700 fluorescent globes were glowing in the dark.[2]

text: By the 1950s, workers began using scaffolding to decorate the tree, as larger trees were accommodated. Before the decade was over, the decorating process called for 20 workers and nine days.[14] 1951 marked the first time that NBC televised the tree lighting with a special on The Kate Smith Show.[2]

text: In 1969, artist Valerie Clarebout’s towering wire herald angels were added to the Channel Gardens in front of the tree near Fifth Avenue. Clarebout created the 12 sculptures using 75 points of metal wire each.[15]

text: The 1971 tree, a 65-footer from East Montpelier, Vt., was the first to be mulched and recycled. It was turned into 30 three-bushel bags of mulch for the nature trails of upper Manhattan. Though the tree typically makes its journey on a truck bed, in 1998 it was flown in from Richfield, Ohio on the world’s largest transport plane.[2]

text: 1999 saw Rockefeller Center's tallest tree, a 100 foot (30 m) spruce from Killingworth, Conn.[16] In 2001, following the events of September 11, the tree was again decorated in hues of red, white and blue.[17]

text: In 2007, the tree went "green", converting to energy-efficient lighting with LEDs.[18] [19] The LEDs use 1,200 fewer kilowatts of electricity per day, enough to power a 2,000-square-foot home for a month.[2]

text: Also since 2007, each year after display, the tree has been milled into lumber and donated to Habitat for Humanity for use in house construction. [20]

text: The 2016 tree, a Norway Spruce from Oneonta, N.Y., is at 94 feet high the second tallest ever erected at Rockefeller Center. At 56 feet wide and over 30,000 pounds, the tree is the widest and heaviest to date, according to construction crews. [21]

text: Since 2011, the tree lighting ceremony has been followed by the singing of Joy to the World.

text: The decorated tree remains on display at Rockefeller Plaza, between West 48th and 51st Streets and Fifth and Sixth Avenues, at least through January 6 of the new year.

text: More than a half million people pass by the tree each day while it is on display, according to Rockefeller Center.[22]

text: Broadcasting[edit]

text: Since 1997, the lighting ceremony has been broadcast live on NBC in the first hour of primetime, live in the Eastern and Central time zones, and on tape elsewhere.[23] The ceremony is hosted by Today's Al Roker(1997- Present ), Savannah Guthrie (2012- Present ),and Hoda Kotb (2017- Present )

text: Yearly tree details[edit]

text:
Year
Original location
Tree type
Height
Lighting

2017
State College, PA[24]
Norway spruce
75 ft
November 29, 2017

2016
Oneonta, NY[25]
Norway spruce
94 ft
November 30, 2016

2015
Gardiner, NY[26]
Norway spruce
78 ft
December 2, 2015

2014
Danville, PA[27]
Norway spruce
85 ft
December 3, 2014

2013
Shelton, CT[28]
Norway spruce
76 ft
December 4, 2013

2012
Flanders, NJ[29]
Norway spruce
80 ft
November 28, 2012

2011
Mifflinville, PA
Norway spruce
74 ft
November 30, 2011

2010
Mahopac, NY[30]
Norway spruce
74 ft
November 30, 2010

2009
Easton, CT[31]
Norway spruce
76 ft
December 2, 2009

2008
Hamilton, NJ[32]
Norway spruce
72 ft
December 3, 2008

2007
Shelton, CT[33]
Norway spruce
84 ft
November 28, 2007

2006
Ridgefield, CT[34]
Norway spruce
88 ft
November 29, 2006

2005
Wayne, NJ[35]
Norway spruce
74 ft
November 30, 2005

2004
Suffern, NY[36]
Norway spruce
71 ft
November 30, 2004

2003
Manchester, CT[36]
Norway spruce
79 ft
December 3, 2003

2002
Bloomsbury, NJ[37]
Norway spruce
76 ft
December 4, 2002

2001
Wayne, NJ
Norway spruce
81 ft
November 28, 2001

2000
Buchanan, NY[38]
Norway spruce
80 ft
November 29, 2000

1999
Killingworth, CT[39]
Norway spruce
100 ft*
December 1, 1999

1998
Richfield, OH[40]
Norway spruce
75 ft
December 2, 1998

1997
Stony Point, NY
Norway spruce
70 ft
December 2, 1997

1996
Armonk, NY[41]
Norway spruce
90 ft
December 3, 1996

1995
Mendham, NJ
Norway spruce
75 ft
December 5, 1995

1994
Ridgefield, CT
Norway spruce
85 ft
December 2, 1994

1989
Montebello, NY[42]
Norway spruce
70 ft

1986
Nanuet, NY[43]
Norway spruce
68 ft

1980
Mahwah, NJ[44]
Norway spruce
70 ft

1978
Mahwah, NJ[45]
Norway spruce
75 ft

1963
Rockaway, NJ
Bruce Fir, Veit
84 ft

1957
Brighton, VT[46]
White spruce
67 ft

tag: table

text: *Tallest Tree on Record

tag: ul


document_title: List of UK top 10 singles in 1993

question_text: what hits did take that have in 1993

question_tokens: what hits did take that have in 1993

text: List of UK top 10 singles in 1993

text: Background[edit]

text: Multiple entries[edit]

text: Take That had a total of five top 10 singles through the year. This included three number-one singles: "Pray" in July, "Relight My Fire" in October and "Babe" in December. "Why Can't I Wake Up With You" and "Could It Be Magic?" just missed out on number-one, peaking at numbers 2 and 3 respectively. Fellow Manchester band M People had four top ten entries, with the highest entry, "Moving on Up", reaching number 2. "No Limit" was a number-one single for 2 Unlimited, one of three top 10 singles for the Dutch eurodance group. Chaka Demus & Pliers, Madonna, Michael Jackson and Whitney Houston all had three top 10 singles in 1993, with Houston's cover of "I Will Always Love You" (from The Bodyguard film soundtrack) spending 10 weeks at number one.

text: Songs from films[edit]

text: Original songs from various films entered the top 10 throughout the year. These included “I’m Every Woman” and “I Have Nothing” (from The Bodyguard), “Love Song For A Vampire” (Dracula), “(I Can’t Help) Falling In Love With You” (Sliver), “Will You Be There” (Free Willy) and “Almost Unreal” (Super Mario Bros).

text: Best-selling singles[edit]

text: Meat Loaf had the best-selling single of the year with "I'd Do Anything for Love (But I Won't Do That)", which spent 14 weeks in the top 10, including 7 weeks at the top spot, and sold 761,000 copies. Its success led MCA Records to reissue Meat Loaf's single "Bat Out of Hell", meaning he had two songs in the top 10 at the same time. Songs by UB40, Gabrielle, Haddaway and Mr Blobby were in the top ten best-selling singles of the year.

text: Top-ten singles[edit]

text:
Symbol
Meaning

‡
Single peaked in 1992 but still in chart in 1993.

♦
Single released in 1993 but peaked in 1994.

(#)
Year-end top-ten single and rank

Entered
The date that the song first appeared in the chart.

Peak
Highest position that the song reached in the UK Singles Chart.

text:
Entered[A]
Weeks in top 10
Single
Artist
Peak
Peak reached[A]
Weeks at peak

Singles in 1992

000000001992-11-15-000015 November 1992
15
"I Will Always Love You" ‡ (#10)
Whitney Houston
1
000000001992-11-29-000029 November 1992
10

000000001992-11-22-000022 November 1992
4
"Out of Space" / "Ruff in the Jungle Bizness" ‡ [B]
Prodigy, TheThe Prodigy
5
000000001992-11-29-000029 November 1992
1

000000001992-11-29-000029 November 1992
7
"Heal the World" ‡
Michael Jackson
2
000000001992-12-06-00006 December 1992
5

000000001992-12-06-00006 December 1992
8
"Could It Be Magic"
Take That
3
000000001993-01-03-00003 January 1993
2

000000001992-12-06-00006 December 1992
5
"Slam Jam" ‡
WWF Superstars
4
000000001992-12-06-00006 December 1992
2

000000001992-12-13-000013 December 1992
10
"Phorever People" ‡
Shamen, TheThe Shamen
5
000000001992-12-20-000020 December 1992
2

000000001992-12-20-000020 December 1992
3
"Miami Hit Mix" ‡
Gloria Estefan
8
000000001992-12-20-000020 December 1992
1

Singles in 1993

000000001993-01-03-00003 January 1993
6
"Exterminate!"
Snap! featuring Niki Haris
2
000000001993-01-10-000010 January 1993
3

000000002018-01-03-00003 January
4
"Mr. Wendal" / "Revolution"
Arrested Development
4
000000002018-01-10-000010 January
1

000000002018-01-10-000010 January
3
"I'm Easy" / "Be Aggressive"
Faith No More
3
000000002018-01-17-000017 January
1

000000002018-01-10-000010 January
1
"Get the Girl! Kill the Baddies!"
Pop Will Eat Itself
9
000000002018-01-10-000010 January
1

000000002018-01-10-000010 January
1
"The Devil You Know"
Jesus Jones
10
000000002018-01-10-000010 January
1

000000002018-01-17-000017 January
6
"The Love I Lost"
West End featuring Sybil
3
000000002018-01-24-000024 January
2

000000002018-01-17-000017 January
3
"We Are Family" [C]
Sister Sledge
5
000000002018-01-24-000024 January
1

000000002018-01-17-000017 January
3
"Open Your Mind"
U.S.U.R.A.
7
000000002018-01-24-000024 January
2

000000002018-01-17-000017 January
3
"Sweet Harmony"
Beloved, TheThe Beloved
8
000000002018-01-24-000024 January
2

000000002018-01-17-000017 January
1
"Steam"
Peter Gabriel
10
000000002018-01-17-000017 January
1

000000002018-01-24-000024 January
12
"No Limit" (#4)
2 Unlimited
1
000000002018-02-07-00007 February
5

000000002018-01-31-000031 January
5
"Deep"
East 17
5
000000002018-01-31-000031 January
2

000000002018-01-31-000031 January
3
"Ordinary World"
Duran Duran
6
000000002018-01-31-000031 January
2

000000002018-01-31-000031 January
3
"How Can I Love You More?" [D]
M People
8
000000002018-02-07-00007 February
1

000000002018-02-07-00007 February
6
"Little Bird" / "Love Song for a Vampire"
Annie Lennox
3
000000002018-02-07-00007 February
4

000000002018-02-07-00007 February
2
"Stairway to Heaven"
Rolf Harris
7
000000002018-02-14-000014 February
1

000000002018-02-14-000014 February
3
"Why Can't I Wake Up with You"
Take That
2
000000002018-02-14-000014 February
2

000000002018-02-14-000014 February
4
"I'm Every Woman"
Whitney Houston
4
000000002018-02-21-000021 February
1

000000002018-02-21-000021 February
5
"Are You Gonna Go My Way"
Lenny Kravitz
4
000000002018-02-28-000028 February
2

000000002018-02-21-000021 February
5
"Give in to Me"
Michael Jackson
2
000000002018-02-28-000028 February
1

000000002018-02-21-000021 February
2
"I Feel You"
Depeche Mode
8
000000002018-02-21-000021 February
1

000000002018-02-28-000028 February
8
"Oh Carolina" (#7)
Shaggy
1
000000002018-03-14-000014 March
2

000000002018-02-28-000028 February
2
"Animal Nitrate"
Suede
7
000000002018-02-28-000028 February
2

000000002018-03-07-00007 March
1
"Fear of the Dark (Live)"
Iron Maiden
8
000000002018-03-07-00007 March
1

000000002018-03-07-00007 March
2
"Stick It Out"
Right Said Fred and Friends
4
000000002018-03-14-000014 March
1

000000002018-03-07-00007 March
1
"Bad Girl"
Madonna
10
000000002018-03-07-00007 March
1

000000002018-03-14-000014 March
5
"Mr. Loverman" [E]
Shabba Ranks
3
000000002018-03-14-000014 March
2

000000002018-03-14-000014 March
9
"Informer"
Snow
2
000000002018-03-21-000021 March
3

000000002018-03-14-000014 March
1
"ShortSharpShock (EP)"
Therapy?
9
000000002018-03-14-000014 March
1

000000002018-03-14-000014 March
1
"Too Young to Die"
Jamiroquai
10
000000002018-03-14-000014 March
1

000000002018-03-21-000021 March
7
"Young at Heart" [F]
Bluebells, TheThe Bluebells
1
000000002018-03-28-000028 March
4

000000002018-03-21-000021 March
2
"Cat's in the Cradle"
Ugly Kid Joe
7
000000002018-03-21-000021 March
2

000000002018-03-21-000021 March
1
"Peace in Our Time"
Cliff Richard
8
000000002018-03-21-000021 March
1

000000002018-03-21-000021 March
2
"Jump They Say"
David Bowie
9
000000002018-03-28-000028 March
1

000000002018-03-28-000028 March
2
"Fever"
Madonna
6
000000002018-03-28-000028 March
1

000000002018-03-28-000028 March
5
"When I'm Good and Ready"
Sybil
5
000000002018-04-04-00004 April
3

000000002018-03-28-000028 March
5
"Show Me Love"
Robin S.
6
000000002018-04-04-00004 April
2

000000002018-04-04-00004 April
3
"Don't Walk Away"
Jade
7
000000002018-04-18-000018 April
1

000000002018-04-04-00004 April
6
"Ain't No Love (Ain't No Use)"
Sub Sub featuring Melanie Williams
3
000000002018-04-18-000018 April
1

000000002018-04-11-000011 April
3
"U Got 2 Know"
Cappella
6
000000002018-04-18-000018 April
2

000000002018-04-18-000018 April
2
"Regret"
New Order
4
000000002018-04-18-000018 April
1

000000002018-04-18-000018 April
4
"I Have Nothing"
Whitney Houston
3
000000002018-04-25-000025 April
2

000000002018-04-25-000025 April
6
"Five Live (EP)"
George Michael and Queen
with Lisa Stansfield
1
000000002018-04-25-000025 April
3

000000002018-04-25-000025 April
6
"Everybody Hurts"
R.E.M.
7
000000002018-05-09-00009 May
2

000000002018-05-02-00002 May
5
"That's the Way Love Goes"
Janet Jackson
2
000000002018-05-02-00002 May
1

000000002018-05-02-00002 May
5
"Tribal Dance"
2 Unlimited
4
000000002018-05-02-00002 May
2

000000002018-05-02-00002 May
10
"All That She Wants" (#3)
Ace of Base
1
000000002018-05-16-000016 May
3

000000002018-05-02-00002 May
8
"Sweat (A La La La La Long)" [G]
Inner Circle
3
000000002018-05-16-000016 May
3

000000002018-05-09-00009 May
2
"Believe in Me"
Utah Saints
8
000000002018-05-09-00009 May
1

000000002018-05-16-000016 May
10
"(I Can't Help) Falling in Love with You" (#2)
UB40
1
000000002018-06-06-00006 June
2

000000002018-05-16-000016 May
1
"Housecall" [H]
Shabba Ranks featuring Maxi Priest
8
000000002018-05-16-000016 May
1

000000002018-05-16-000016 May
2
"In These Arms"
Bon Jovi
9
000000002018-06-16-000016 June
2

000000002018-05-23-000023 May
2
"I Don't Wanna Fight"
Tina Turner
7
000000002018-05-23-000023 May
1

000000002018-05-23-000023 May
1
"Jump Around" / "Top O' the Morning to Ya"
House of Pain
8
000000002018-05-23-000023 May
1

000000002018-05-30-000030 May
6
"Two Princes"
Spin Doctors
3
000000002018-06-06-00006 June
1

000000002018-05-30-000030 May
3
"Three Little Pigs"
Green Jelly
5
000000002018-05-30-000030 May
2

000000002018-05-30-000030 May
2
"Shout (It Out)"
Louchie Lou & Michie One
7
000000002018-05-30-000030 May
1

000000002018-06-06-00006 June
9
"What Is Love" (#8)
Haddaway
2
000000002018-06-27-000027 June
2

000000002018-06-06-00006 June
2
"Can You Forgive Her?"
Pet Shop Boys
7
000000002018-06-06-00006 June
2

000000002018-06-06-00006 June
4
"In All the Right Places"
Lisa Stansfield
8
000000002018-06-20-000020 June
1

000000002018-06-06-00006 June
1
"Do You See the Light (Looking For)"
Snap! featuring Niki Haris
10
000000002018-06-06-00006 June
1

000000002018-06-13-000013 June
9
"Dreams" (#5)
Gabrielle
1
000000002018-06-20-000020 June
3

000000002018-06-13-000013 June
10
"Tease Me"
Chaka Demus & Pliers
3
000000002018-07-04-00004 July
1

000000002018-06-20-000020 June
4
"Have I Told You Lately"
Rod Stewart
5
000000002018-06-27-000027 June
1

000000002018-06-20-000020 June
6
"One Night in Heaven"
M People
6
000000002018-07-11-000011 July
2

000000002018-06-27-000027 June
3
"I Will Survive" [I]
Gloria Gaynor
5
000000002018-07-04-00004 July
1

000000002018-07-04-00004 July
8
"What's Up"
4 Non Blondes
2
000000002018-07-18-000018 July
2

000000002018-07-11-000011 July
6
"Pray"
Take That
1
000000002018-07-11-000011 July
4

000000002018-07-11-000011 July
2
"Will You Be There"
Michael Jackson
9
000000002018-07-11-000011 July
2

000000002018-07-18-000018 July
2
"Almost Unreal"
Roxette
7
000000002018-07-18-000018 July
1

000000002018-07-25-000025 July
7
"Living on My Own" [J]
Freddie Mercury
1
000000002018-08-08-00008 August
2

000000002018-07-25-000025 July
3
"Rain"
Madonna
7
000000002018-07-25-000025 July
2

000000002018-07-25-000025 July
2
"This Is It"
Dannii Minogue
10
000000002018-07-25-000025 July
2

000000002018-08-01-00001 August
6
"The Key The Secret"
Urban Cookie Collective
2
000000002018-08-08-00008 August
2

000000002018-08-08-00008 August
7
"It Keeps Rainin' (Tears from My Eyes)"
Bitty McLean
2
000000002018-08-29-000029 August
2

000000002018-08-08-00008 August
6
"The River of Dreams"
Billy Joel
3
000000002018-08-29-000029 August
1

000000002018-08-08-00008 August
5
"Nuff Vibes (EP)"
Apache Indian
5
000000002018-08-15-000015 August
1

000000002018-08-15-000015 August
8
"Mr. Vain" (#9)
Culture Beat
1
000000002018-08-22-000022 August
4

000000002018-08-15-000015 August
3
"Higher Ground"
UB40
8
000000002018-08-15-000015 August
3

000000002018-08-22-000022 August
6
"Right Here"
SWV
3
000000002018-09-05-00005 September
1

000000002018-08-22-000022 August
4
"Dreamlover"
Mariah Carey
9
000000002018-08-29-000029 August
1

000000002018-08-29-000029 August
3
"Faces"
2 Unlimited
8
000000002018-09-05-00005 September
2

000000002018-09-05-00005 September
2
"Heart-Shaped Box"
Nirvana
5
000000002018-09-05-00005 September
1

000000002018-09-12-000012 September
5
"Go West"
Pet Shop Boys
2
000000002018-09-12-000012 September
2

000000002018-09-12-000012 September
8
"Boom! Shake the Room"
DJ Jazzy Jeff & The Fresh Prince
1
000000002018-09-19-000019 September
2

000000002018-09-12-000012 September
1
"Creep"
Radiohead
7
000000002018-09-12-000012 September
1

000000002018-09-19-000019 September
5
"Moving on Up"
M People
2
000000002018-09-26-000026 September
1

000000002018-09-19-000019 September
5
"She Don't Let Nobody"
Chaka Demus & Pliers
4
000000002018-09-26-000026 September
3

000000002018-09-19-000019 September
5
"Life"
Haddaway
6
000000002018-10-03-00003 October
1

000000002018-09-19-000019 September
1
"Condemnation (EP)"
Depeche Mode
9
000000002018-09-19-000019 September
1

000000002018-09-19-000019 September
1
"On the Ropes (EP)"
Wonder Stuff, TheThe Wonder Stuff
10
000000002018-09-19-000019 September
1

000000002018-09-26-000026 September
3
"Relax" [K]
Frankie Goes to Hollywood
5
000000002018-10-03-00003 October
1

000000002018-09-26-000026 September
1
"Going Nowhere"
Gabrielle
9
000000002018-09-26-000026 September
1

000000002018-09-26-000026 September
1
"It Must Have Been Love" [L]
Roxette
10
000000002018-09-26-000026 September
1

000000002018-10-03-00003 October
4
"Relight My Fire"
Take That featuring Lulu
1
000000002018-10-03-00003 October
2

000000002018-10-03-00003 October
14
"I'd Do Anything for Love" (#1)
Meat Loaf
1
000000002018-10-17-000017 October
7

000000002018-10-03-00003 October
5
"Stay"
Eternal
4
000000002018-10-17-000017 October
1

000000002018-10-10-000010 October
1
"Hallowed Be Thy Name"
Iron Maiden
9
000000002018-10-10-000010 October
1

000000002018-10-17-000017 October
5
"U Got 2 Let the Music"
Cappella
2
000000002018-10-24-000024 October
1

000000002018-10-17-000017 October
2
"One Love"
Prodigy, TheThe Prodigy
8
000000002018-10-17-000017 October
1

000000002018-10-17-000017 October
9
"Don't Be a Stranger"
Dina Carroll
3
000000002018-11-07-00007 November
2

000000002018-10-24-000024 October
8
"Please Forgive Me"
Bryan Adams
2
000000002018-10-31-000031 October
3

000000002018-10-24-000024 October
2
"Both Sides of the Story"
Phil Collins
7
000000002018-10-24-000024 October
1

000000002018-10-24-000024 October
4
"Give It Up" [M]
Goodmen, TheThe Goodmen
5
000000002018-10-31-000031 October
1

000000002018-10-31-000031 October
4
"Got to Get It"
Culture Beat
4
000000002018-11-07-00007 November
2

000000002018-10-31-000031 October
3
"Hero" [N]
Mariah Carey
7
000000002018-11-07-00007 November
1

000000002018-11-07-00007 November
1
"Real Love '93"
Time Frequency, TheThe Time Frequency
8
000000002018-11-07-00007 November
1

000000002018-11-07-00007 November
3
"Feels Like Heaven"
Urban Cookie Collective
5
000000002018-11-14-000014 November
1

000000002018-11-07-00007 November
1
"Little Fluffy Clouds" [O]
Orb, TheThe Orb
10
000000002018-11-07-00007 November
1

000000002018-11-14-000014 November
3
"Runaway Train" [P]
Soul Asylum
7
000000002018-11-14-000014 November
2

000000002018-11-14-000014 November
7
"True Love"
Elton John and Kiki Dee
2
000000002018-11-21-000021 November
2

000000002018-11-14-000014 November
1
"Ain't It Fun"
Guns N' Roses
9
000000002018-11-14-000014 November
1

000000002018-11-21-000021 November
3
"Again"
Janet Jackson
6
000000002018-11-21-000021 November
1

000000002018-11-21-000021 November
2
"Long Train Runnin'"
Doobie Brothers, TheThe Doobie Brothers
7
000000002018-11-28-000028 November
1

000000002018-11-28-000028 November
7
"Mr Blobby" (#6)
Mr Blobby
1
000000002018-12-05-00005 December
3

000000002018-11-28-000028 November
2
"Stay (Faraway, So Close!)" /
"I've Got You Under My Skin"
U2 and Frank Sinatra
4
000000002018-12-05-00005 December
1

000000002018-11-28-000028 November
1
"Don't Look Any Further"
M People
9
000000002018-11-28-000028 November
1

000000002018-12-05-00005 December
1
"Controversy"
Prince
5
000000002018-12-05-00005 December
1

000000002018-12-05-00005 December
6
"For Whom the Bell Tolls"
Bee Gees, TheThe Bee Gees
4
000000002018-12-19-000019 December
2

000000002018-12-05-00005 December
7
"It's Alright" ♦
East 17
3
000000001994-01-09-00009 January 1994
1

000000002018-12-12-000012 December
5
"Babe"
Take That
1
000000002018-12-12-000012 December
1

000000002018-12-12-000012 December
7
"Twist and Shout" ♦
Chaka Demus & Pliers
featuring Jack Radics and Taxi Gang
1
000000001994-01-02-00002 January 1994
2

000000002018-12-12-000012 December
5
"The Perfect Year" ♦
Dina Carroll
5
000000001994-01-02-00002 January 1994
1

000000002018-12-19-000019 December
3
"Bat Out of Hell" [Q]
Meat Loaf
8
000000002018-12-19-000019 December
2

000000002018-12-19-000019 December
1
"The Power of Love" [R]
Frankie Goes to Hollywood
10
000000002018-12-19-000019 December
1

000000002018-12-26-000026 December
7
"Come Baby Come" ♦
K7
3
000000001994-01-16-000016 January 1994
2

text: Entries by artist[edit]

text: The following table shows artists who achieved two or more top 10 entries in 1993, including songs that reached their peak in 1992 or 1994. The figures include both main artists and featured artists, while appearances on ensemble charity records are also counted for each artist.

text:
Artist
Number of Top 10 singles

Take That
5

M People
4

2 Unlimited
3

Chaka Demus & Pliers
3

Madonna
3

Michael Jackson
3

Whitney Houston
3

text: Notes[edit]

text:
a The dates are for when the song charted, which is six days before the officially published "Week ending" date.
b "Out of Space" / "Ruff in the Jungle Bizness" re-entered at number 9 in January 1993, after falling out of the top 10 in December 1992.
c "We Are Family" first charted at number 8 in 1979. It was also re-released in 1984 but failed to reach the top 10, peaking at number 33. It was re-released in a remix version in 1993.
d "How Can I Love You More" was first released in 1991 but only reached number 29.
e "Mr Loverman" was released for the first time a year earlier but only charted at number 23.
f "Young at Heart" reached the top ten on its previous release in 1984, peaking at number 8.
g "Sweat (La La La La Long)" was also released in 1992 but only made number 43.
h "Housecall" previously reached number 31 when it was released in 1991.
i "I Will Survive" also reached number 1 in 1979, where it stayed for 4 weeks. It was released as a remix in a similar way to "We Are Family" in 1993.
j "Living on My Own" was first released in 1985 but failed to reach the top 40, only making number 50.
k "Relax" first charted at number 1 in 1983. It was one of a number of Frankie Goes to Hollywood songs which were re-issued in 1993.
l "It Must Have Been Love" reached number 3 in 1990 on its previous release.
m "Give It Up" charted at number 23 in August 1993.
n "Hero" dropped to number 11 on 14/11 and re-entered the top 10 a week later.
o "Little Fluffy Clouds" failed to reach the top 40 in 1990, reaching number 87.
p "Runaway Train" made it to number 37 in July 1993.
q "Bat Out of Hell" was first released in 1979 and peaked at number 15.
r "The Power of Love" previously charted at number 1 in 1984.


document_title: Alexandra Breckenridge

question_text: who plays the hot maid in american horror story

text: Alexandra Breckenridge

text: Early life[edit]

text: Breckenridge was born in Bridgeport, Connecticut. She lived in Darien, Connecticut, until the age of 10, when she and her mother moved to Los Angeles. A year later, they moved to Mill Valley, California. At age 13, Breckenridge became interested in acting, photography, and singing. At age 15, she and her mother moved back to Los Angeles to pursue Breckenridge's acting career. She is the niece of actor Michael Weatherly.[1]

text: Career[edit]

text: Acting[edit]

text: Breckenridge guest starred as Shelly Weaver on Freaks and Geeks in 2000. When she was 15, she met James Franco at an audition. She was surprised that Franco recognized her on the set of Freaks and Geeks.[3] She also guest starred on Dawson's Creek, CSI, Buffy the Vampire Slayer, Charmed, Undeclared, Medium, and JAG.[4] She guest-starred as Francise in three episodes of Opposite Sex.[5] In 2002, she appeared in the film Big Fat Liar, starring Frankie Muniz, as Jason Shepherd's older sister Janie.

text: Breckenridge has had numerous voice roles on the animated television series Family Guy. During an interview with FHM, she stated, "When I first went for Family Guy, I auditioned for a guest voice. I don't know why, but [creator] Seth MacFarlane really likes the sound of my voice. I'll never understand that. He just liked me and they call me back all the time to do different things."[3] Breckenridge often does celebrity impressions on the show, such as Sarah Jessica Parker and Renée Zellweger. She also had roles on MacFarlane's web series Cavalcade of Cartoon Comedy. She guest starred in the episode "With Friends Like Steve's" of American Dad!, also created by MacFarlane.[4]

text: In 2006, Breckenridge starred as Monique in the film She's the Man. She starred as Willa McPherson in the series Dirt from 2007 to 2008. She has appeared in a couple of shows that have later been cancelled.[3] In 2009, Breckenridge co-starred in the independent film The Bridge to Nowhere by Blair Underwood.[6] She also had a role in the film Ticket Out.[7]

text: Breckenridge had a recurring role in season four of HBO's True Blood, and also in season one of FX's American Horror Story as Moira O'Hara, the ghost of a maid trapped in the house in which she was employed. She also returned for several episodes in season three of the show, American Horror Story: Coven, as Kaylee: a young witch who excels in pyrokinesis.[8][9]

text: In 2015, Breckenridge began playing Jessie Anderson in season five of the AMC series The Walking Dead. In 2015, she next co-starred in the psychological thriller Dark from executive producer Joe Dante and director Nick Basile.[10] In 2017 Breckenridge appeared in the recurring role of Sophie, Kate's childhood friend and Kevin's ex-wife, on the first season of NBC drama series This Is Us;[11] she was promoted to the full-time cast for the series' second season.[12][13]

text: Photography[edit]

text: Breckenridge is interested in photography and has her own darkroom in her apartment. At age 24, she began taking photography seriously as a form of self-expression. Her then-boyfriend Bryten Goss helped her with lighting. In 2008, she had her first exhibit with Shalon Goss hosted by her uncle Michael Weatherly and presented by Edgar Valera. She said, "I had so much to express emotionally with this show. Each photo is an expression of myself and the things I have gone through in the last three years. From my perspective, the purpose of art is to evoke feeling and to inspire. That's all I hope to achieve."[1]

text: Personal life[edit]

text: In September 2015, Breckenridge married guitarist Casey Hooper.[14] On September 3, 2016, she gave birth to the couple's first child, Jack Breckenridge Hooper.[15] In August 2017, she announced that they are expecting their second child.[16]

text: Breckenridge has several tattoos, which get covered by make-up for her on-screen projects, but not during photoshoots. She has said about them, "We cover them up. Some make-up artists are better than others, but there's airbrushing, and there's a sort of latex waterproof paint, body paint obviously."[3]

text: Filmography[edit]

text: Film[edit]

text:
Year
Title
Role
Notes

2002
Orange County
Anna
Uncredited

2002
Big Fat Liar
Janie Shepherd

2002
Wishcraft
Kristie

2002
Vampire Clan
Charity Lynn Keesee

2002
Slasher Flick
Laura
Short film

2003
D.E.B.S.
Amy
Short film

2005
Rings
Vanessa
Short film

2006
She's the Man
Monique Valentine

2006
Jack Rabbit
Harley
Short film

2008
Art of Travel, TheThe Art of Travel
Kate

2009
Bridge to Nowhere, TheThe Bridge to Nowhere
Sienna

2011
Darkest Hour
Alicia
Short film

2012
Ticket Out
Jocelyn

2014
Other People's Children
Ariel

2015
Always Watching: A Marble Hornets Story
Sara

2015
Dark
Leah

2015
Zipper
Christy

2016
Broken Vows
Debra

text: Television[edit]

text:
Year
Title
Role
Notes

1998
Even the Losers
Unknown
Television film

1999
Locust Valley
Arden
Television film

2000
Dawson's Creek
Kate Douglas
Episode: "Valentine's Day Massacre"

2000
Freaks and Geeks
Shelly Weaver
Episode: "Looks and Books"

2000
Opposite Sex
Francise
3 episodes

2001
Undeclared
Prim and Proper Girl
Episode: "Prototype"

2002
Undeclared
Celeste
Episode: "Eric's POV"

2002
Charmed
Michelle Miglis
Episode: "A Paige from the Past"

2002
Buffy the Vampire Slayer
Kit Holburn
Episode: "Lessons"

2004
Mystery Girl
Katie Hill
Television short

2004
CSI: Crime Scene Investigation
Lisa 'Cleopatra' Hunt
Episode: "Turn of the Screws"

2004
JAG
Pia Bonfilio
Episode: "There Goes the Neighborhood"

2005
Murder Book
Sarah
Television film

2005
Romy and Michele: In the Beginning
Michele Weinberger
Television film

2005
Medium
Isabel Galvan
Episode: "Jump Start"

2005
Sex, Love & Secrets
Maddie Lyall
Episode: "Protection"

2005–present
Family Guy
Various characters
Voice role; 60 episodes

2006
American Dad!
Girl
Voice role; episode: "With Friends Like Steve's"

2007
Psych
Betty
Episode: "Scary Sherry: Bianca's Toast"

2007–2008
Dirt
Willa McPherson
Main role

2008
Cavalcade of Cartoon Comedy
Princess Peach
Voice role; 2 episodes

2008
Ex List, TheThe Ex List
Vivian
Main role

2010
Sons of Tucson
Gina
2 episodes

2010
Life Unexpected
Abby Cassidy
Recurring role; 5 episodes

2011
Cooper and Stone
Jenna Cooper
Television film

2011
Franklin & Bash
Emily Claire
Episode: "Bachelor Party"

2011
True Blood
Katerina Pelham
4 episodes

2011;
2013
American Horror Story
Young Moira O'Hara
Recurring role; 6 episodes (Murder House)

Kaylee
2 episodes (Coven)

2012
Men at Work
Katelyn
Episode: "Wake and Bake"

2013
Save Me
Carly Brugano
Main role; 7 episodes

2014
Rake
Brooke
Episode: "A Close Shave"

2015–2016
The Walking Dead
Jessie Anderson
Recurring (season 5); Also Starring (season 6); 11 episodes

2015
Extant
Zoe Grant
Episode: "Morphoses"

2016
Pure Genius
Margot Byer
Episode: Pilot

2017
This Is Us
Sophie
Recurring role (season 1); main role (season 2)
Pending—Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Drama Series


document_title: Repolarization

question_text: what ion drives the membrane potential back to resting membrane potential (repolarization)

question_tokens: what ion drives the membrane potential back to resting membrane potential ( repolarization )

text: Repolarization

text: In neuroscience, repolarization refers to the change in membrane potential that returns it to a negative value just after the depolarization phase of an action potential has changed the membrane potential to a positive value. The repolarization phase usually returns the membrane potential back to the resting membrane potential. The efflux of K+ ions results in the falling phase of an action potential. The ions pass through the selectivity filter of the K+ channel pore. There are several K+ channels that contribute to repolarization, including A-type channels, delayed rectifiers, and Ca2+-activated K+ channels.[1]

text: Repolarization typically results from the movement of positively charged K+ ions out of the cell. The repolarization phase of an action potential initially results in hyperpolarization, attainment of a membrane potential, termed the afterhyperpolarization, that is more negative than the resting potential. Repolarization usually takes several milliseconds.[2]