document_title: Isuzu Motors

question_text: when did isuzu stop selling cars in the us

text: Isuzu Motors

text: History[edit]

text: Isuzu Motors' history began in 1916, when Tokyo Ishikawajima Shipbuilding and Engineering Co., Ltd. planned a cooperation with the Tokyo Gas and Electric Industrial Co. to build automobiles. The next step was taken in 1918, when a technical cooperation with Wolseley Motors Limited was initiated, yielding exclusive rights to the production and sales of Wolseley vehicles in East Asia.[3] In 1922 came the first ever Japan-produced passenger car, a Wolseley model, the A9.[4] The CP truck followed two years later; 550 of these were built by 1927.[5] In 1933, Ishikawajima Automotive Works merged with DAT Automobile Manufacturing Inc. (a predecessor of Nissan) and changed its name to Automobile Industries Co., Ltd. The products of this company, marketed as "Sumiya" and "Chiyoda",[3] were renamed Isuzu (after the Isuzu River) in 1934, following a meeting with the Japanese Government's Ministry of Trade and Industry (MITI). The word Isuzu translated into English means "fifty bells"—hence the focus on "bell" in both the later Bellel and the Bellett.

text: In 1937 Automobile Industries was reorganized and formed into a new company, Tokyo Automobile Industries Co., Ltd. It was founded with a capital of ¥1,000,000. Only in 1949 was Isuzu finally adopted as the company name. Meanwhile, in 1942, Hino Heavy Industries was split off from Isuzu, becoming a separate corporation.[6] Truck production (TX40 and TU60) began anew in 1945, with the permission of the occupation authorities.[7] Beginning in 1953 the Hillman Minx passenger car is produced under license of Rootes Group. The Minx remained in production until 1962, after the 1961 introduction of Isuzu's first own car, the Bellel.[3] Being a small producer making cars which were somewhat too large and pricey for the Japanese market at the time, Isuzu spent some time looking for a commercial partner. Under pressure from MITI, who were attempting to limit the number of automobile manufacturers in Japan, a cooperation with Fuji Heavy Industries (Subaru) began in 1966. This joint sales-service collaboration was seen as the first step towards an eventual merger.[8] The Subaru 1000 was even shown in Isuzu's 1967 annual vehicle brochure, as a suitable complement to the larger Isuzu lineup.[9] This tie-up was over by 1968, when an agreement with Mitsubishi was formed. This ended even quicker, by 1969, and the next year an equally short-lived collaboration was entered with Nissan.[10] A few months later, in September 1971, what was to prove a more durable capital agreement was signed with General Motors.

text: Linking with General Motors[edit]

text: The first result of GM taking a 34% stake in Isuzu is seen in 1972, only months later, when the Chevrolet LUV becomes the first Isuzu-built vehicle to be sold in the United States. To symbolize the new beginning, Isuzu also developed a new logo for 1974, with two vertical pillars which are stylized representations of the first syllable in いすゞ ("Isuzu").[5] In 1974 Isuzu introduced the Gemini, which was co-produced with General Motors as the T-car. It was sold in the United States as Buick's Opel by Isuzu, and in Australia as the Holden Gemini. As a result of the collaboration, certain American GM products are sold to Japanese customers through Isuzu dealerships. Holden's Statesman was also briefly sold (246 examples) with Isuzu badging in Japan during the seventies.[11] Isuzu exports also increased considerably as a result of being able to use GM networks, from 0.7% of production in 1973 to 35.2% by 1976; this while overall production increased more than fourfold in the same period.[10] As a result of the GM joint venture, Isuzu engines were also used by existing GM divisions (some USA-market Chevrolet automobiles had Isuzu powertrains e.g. the Chevette and early S10/S15 trucks manufactured prior to 1985).

text: In 1981 Isuzu began selling consumer and commercial vehicles under their own brand in the United States. The Isuzu P'Up was the first model sold to consumers as an Isuzu, rather than as a Chevrolet or Buick. Isuzu's then president Toshio Okamoto then initiated a collaboration with small-car expert Suzuki to develop a global small car for GM, the S-car.[12] A three-way agreement of co-ownership was signed in August 1981, with Isuzu and Suzuki exchanging shares and General Motors taking a 5% share of Suzuki.[12] Following on from this, in 1985 Isuzu and GM established the IBC Vehicles venture in the United Kingdom, producing locally built versions of Isuzu and Suzuki light vans (the Isuzu Fargo and Suzuki Carry); to be sold in the European market under Vauxhall's Bedford brand. During this period Isuzu also developed a worldwide presence as an exporter of diesel engines, with their powerplants in use by Opel/Vauxhall, Land Rover, Hindustan, and many others. Two Isuzu model lines (Gemini, Impulse) were marketed as part of the Geo division (Spectrum, Storm) when it was initially launched as a Chevrolet subsidiary. In the domestic Japanese market, OEM deals with other manufacturers were entered to aid the poorly performing passenger car arm. It led to the badging of Suzukis, beginning in 1986,[13] and Subaru small commercial vehicles as Isuzus (Geminett, Geminett II). This OEM tie-up occurred alongside the establishment of SIA (Subaru-Isuzu Automotive), an American joint venture with Fuji Heavy Industries (the parent company of Subaru). Shortly afterwards, the Lafayette, Indiana plant became operational.

text: Contraction begins[edit]

text: 1992 – Isuzu ended US sales of the Impulse (Geo Storm). The following year it stopped exporting the Stylus (the basis for the Geo Spectrum), the last Isuzu-built car sold in the US.

text: 1993 – Isuzu began a new vehicle exchange program with Honda, whereby Honda sold the Isuzu Rodeo[14] and Isuzu Trooper as the Honda Passport and Acura SLX, respectively. In return Isuzu began selling the Honda Odyssey as the Isuzu Oasis. Thus, Honda's lineup gained two SUVs, and Isuzu's lineup gained a minivan. In the Japanese market, the Gemini (Stylus) was now a rebadged Honda Domani and the Aska (originally based on the GM J-car) was a Honda Accord.

text: 1996 – the Isuzu Hombre pickup, a badge-engineered GM truck (using the sheetmetal of the Brazil-market Chevrolet S10), was introduced, and Isuzu's United States sales reached a peak.

text: This section is in a list format that may be better presented using prose. You can help by converting this section to prose, if appropriate. Editing help is available. (November 2010)

text:
1998 – General Motors and Isuzu form DMAX, a joint venture to produce diesel engines. Isuzu resurrects the beloved Amigo. The uniquely styled VehiCROSS concept is unveiled.
1999 – GM raises its stake in Isuzu to 49%, effectively gaining control of the company. GM quickly follows this up with the appointment of an American GM executive to head Isuzu's North American Operations. This is the first time a non-Japanese executive has ever held such a high position at Isuzu. The U.S. introduction of the production version of the heralded VehiCROSS is met with mixed reviews, as its high pricetag, unique styling and two-door configuration don't seem to meet with market demands.
2001 – Joe Isuzu, the immensely popular pitchman with implausible claims, is hired once again to promote the new Axiom. Isuzu sales begin to slide due to the aging of the Rodeo and Trooper, and poor management & lack of assistance from GM. Isuzu changes the name of the 2-door Amigo convertible to Rodeo Sport in an attempt to associate it with the better selling 4-door Rodeo. Movie Spy kids features Isuzu Axiom and Trooper. In July, Isuzu announces a major financial reorganization and ceasing sport utility production in Japan (including the Trooper and the VehiCross), eliminate almost 10,000 jobs.[15] GM has been pushing the company to focus exclusively on producing commercial vehicles and engines.[15] Its Duramax engines in full-size pickup trucks have won rave reviews.[15] G.M. and Isuzu also plans to share distribution networks and Chevrolet is going to market an Isuzu product.[15]
Early 2002 – Fuji Heavy Industries (Subaru's parent company) buys Isuzu's share of Lafayette, Indiana plant. Subaru Isuzu Automotive (SIA) becomes Subaru of Indiana Automotive. After 8 years of heavy Honda Passport sales and light Isuzu Oasis sales, Honda and Isuzu cooperatively end their vehicle exchange agreement. The Oasis is dropped, and Honda replaces the Passport with the Pilot. Also, it was Isuzu's last year for passenger vehicles in Canada, as Isuzus in Canada were mostly sold at Saturn-Saab dealerships.
Late 2002 – Isuzu initiates a recapitalization and debt-for-equity conversion plan to stave off a bankruptcy.[16] GM acquires 20% of DMAX, 60% of Isuzu Motors Polska and Isuzu Motors Germany, and the rights to three types of diesel engine technology from Isuzu.[17] by paying 50 billion yen (about US$425 million).[16] GM also pays 10 billion yen (about US$85 million) for a 12% stake in the recapitalized company.[16] G.M. wrote off its investment in Isuzu in 2001.[18]
2003 – The Rodeo Sport is discontinued.
July 2004 – Production of the Rodeo and Axiom cease. Sales in North America slow to just 27,188, with the discontinued Rodeo and Axiom making up 71% of that total. The number of Isuzu dealerships in the U.S. begins a rapid decline.
2005 – Isuzu dealers in the United States have only 2 models: the Ascender and the i-series pickup truck. The i-series is a rebadged Chevrolet Colorado, the Ascender is a re-badged GMC Envoy. At this point, Isuzu in the United States is primarily a distributor of medium duty trucks such as the N-series. These vehicles are sourced both from Japan and U.S. plants in Janesville, Wisconsin and Flint, Michigan. Isuzu has 290 light-vehicle dealers in the U.S. as of August 2006, and sells an average of just two Ascenders per dealer per month. Plans to introduce a new Thai-built SUV, expected to be added for 2007, are shelved; Isuzu Motors Limited believes that a new SUV would be too risky and proceeds with the launch of the i-series trucks. Rumors of Isuzu's withdrawal from the U.S. market are rampant. Despite extremely low sales figures of 12,177 passenger vehicles for 2005 (with leftover Axiom and Rodeos making up 30% of this), Isuzu Motors America announces its first profit in years, mainly due to restructuring cuts.
2006 – Production of the 7-passenger Ascender ends in February with the closure of GM's Oklahoma City Assembly plant, leaving Isuzu with the 5-passenger Ascender, built in Moraine, Ohio and the low-selling i-Series as its only retail products. The company sold just 1,504 vehicles in North America in the first two months of 2006. GM ends its equity investment in Isuzu and sells all its shares to Mitsubishi Corporation, Itochu and Mizuho Corporate Bank, both GM and Isuzu claims the companies will continue their current relationship. There is no word as of April 12, 2006 on the effect this will have on DMAX operations.

text:
June 2006 – Isuzu and GM agree to establish a joint venture called "LCV Platform Engineering Corporation (LPEC)" to develop a new pickup. Isuzu says it will use its engineering expertise to develop the pickup and GM will develop derivatives based on the integrated platform.
October 2006 – Mitsubishi Corp. becomes Isuzu's largest shareholder, after it converts all the preferred share in Isuzu it has held since 2005 into common stock, increasing its shareholding from 3.5% to 15.65%.[19]
November 2006 – Toyota purchases 5.9% of Isuzu, becoming the third largest shareholder behind Itochu and Mitsubishi Corporation, and the two companies agree to study possible business collaboration focusing on the areas of R&D and production of diesel engines, related emissions-control, and other environmental technologies.
January 2007 – Isuzu and General Motors update the LCV range with a 3.0 litre common rail diesel engine that has far more torque and power than its predecessor.
August 2007 – Isuzu and Toyota agree to develop a 1.6-liter diesel engine for use in Toyota vehicles sold in European markets. Details of development, production and supply of the diesel engine, are still under discussion, but in principle, Isuzu will play the leading role. Production is scheduled to begin around 2012.
January 30, 2008 – Isuzu announces complete withdrawal from the US market,[20] effective January 31, 2009. It will continue to provide support and parts. The decision was due to lack of sales.[21] Some of the lack of sales have been blamed on consumer experiences with low quality engines and service.[22] Isuzu had been experiencing a slow decline since the late 1990s. In less than 10 years, they had gone from selling a complete line of cars, trucks, and SUVs, into being a specialized SUV maker, and finally selling only a pair of rebadged, General Motors Trucks.[23] They will continue to sell commercial vehicles in the U.S.[24]
December 17, 2008 – Isuzu, Toyota shelve development of clean diesel engine.[25]
January 29, 2009 – Isuzu and General Motors announce that they were in talks to transfer the operation of the medium-duty truck production line in Flint, Michigan to Isuzu for a five-year period. In June, however, GM announced that these talks failed to reach an agreement, and GM instead ceased production of the Chevrolet Kodiak and GMC Topkick vehicles on 31 July 2009.[26]
July 2016 Isuzu and Mazda agree to collaborate and Isuzu will produce the next-generation pickup trucks for Mazda outside North America.
Isuzu’s plant in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh began operations in 2016 [27]

text: Market presence[edit]

text: In most of Asia and Africa, Isuzu is mostly known for trucks of all sizes, after Isuzu small automobile sales drastically plummeted and Isuzu had to drop all sales of sedans and compact cars in the late 1990s. In the days when Isuzu sold passenger cars, they were known for focussing on the diesel-engined niche. In 1983, for instance, long before the explosion in diesel sales, diesels represented 63.4% of their passenger car production.[28] In 2009, Isuzu abandoned the United States consumer market due to lack of sales. Isuzu as a corporation has always been primarily a manufacturer of small to medium compact automobiles and commercial trucks of sizes medium duty and larger, but markets around the world show different needs.

text: Isuzu Motors America discontinued the sale of passenger vehicles in the United States effective January 31, 2009. The company explained to its dealers that it had not been able to secure replacements for the Isuzu Ascender and Isuzu i-Series that would be commercially viable. Isuzu sold 7,098 cars in the year 2007. This action did not affect Isuzu's commercial vehicle or industrial diesel engine operations in the United States.[21] Isuzu has a contract with Budget Truck Rental to manufacture their rental trucks, shared with Ford, GMC, and Navistar International.[29]

text: In Australia, Isuzu was for many years a major supplier of light commercial and domestic vehicles to Holden (General Motors). However, by 2008, Holden was sourcing few Isuzus. At this time Isuzu began to sell the D-Max under the Isuzu name.

text: Subsidiaries and joint ventures[edit]

text: List of Isuzu Japanese facilities

text: Japan[edit]

text: The Fujisawa Plant was built and opened for production November 1961. It is located at Tsuchidana, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, and is still producing commercial vehicles for domestic Japanese use and international exports. The Toghichi Plant, located at Hakuchu, Ohira-Machi, Tochigi, Tochigi, is where the engines are currently built.

text: Mimamori-kun Online service[edit]

text: Mimamori-kun, which means to watch, monitor, or observe in Japanese, (literally "Mr. Watcher")[30] is a commercial vehicle telematics service developed by Isuzu Motors for monitoring and tracking commercial vehicle operations and movements in Japan. The service uses GPS satellite tracking services, and began February 2004. It is connected to the internet and provides government mandated driver activity logs, and records how long the driver was on-duty and how much time was spent driving.

text: The service also records when the driver took lunch breaks, where the truck stopped and for how long, and when the driver logged off for his duty shift. The service has been modified for personal use in Japan to keep track of family members, to include elderly members of health status and location of children for safety purposes.[31]

text: Some of the main features include Internet Digital Tachograph, the first of its kind wirelessly in Japan, combined with hands-free communication, voice guidance, and text messages displayed from the dispatch office. The system also has a password enabled vehicle theft prevention feature that will not let the vehicle start without the driver having entered a password.


document_title: Marley & Me (film)

question_text: where do they live in marley and me

question_tokens: where do they live in marley and me

root

text: Marley & Me (film)

text: Plot

text: Soon after their wedding, John and Jenny Grogan (Owen Wilson and Jennifer Aniston) escape the brutal Michigan winters and relocate to a cottage in South Florida, where they are hired as reporters for competing newspapers. At The Palm Beach Post, Jenny immediately receives prominent front-page assignments, while at the South Florida Sun-Sentinel, John finds himself writing obituaries and two-paragraph articles about mundane news like a fire at the local garbage dump.

tag: p

text: When John senses Jenny is contemplating motherhood, his friend and co-worker Sebastian Tunney (Eric Dane) suggests the couple adopt a dog to see if they're ready to raise a family. From a litter of newborn yellow Labrador retrievers they select Marley (named after reggae singer Bob Marley), who immediately proves to be incorrigible. They take him to Ms. Kornblut (Kathleen Turner), who firmly believes any dog can be trained, but when Marley refuses to obey commands, she blows her whistle and Marley runs towards her and tackles her, pinning her to the ground and humping her on her leg. That gets Marley too far and Ms. Kornblut expels him from her class.

text: Editor Arnie Klein (Alan Arkin) offers John a twice-weekly column in which he can discuss the fun and foibles of everyday living. At first stumped for material, John realizes the misadventures of Marley might be the perfect topic for his first piece. Arnie agrees, and John settles into his new position. Marley continues to wreak havoc on the household, providing John with a wealth of material for his column, which becomes a hit with readers and helps increase the newspaper's circulation. Jenny becomes pregnant, but loses the baby early in her first trimester. She and John travel to Ireland for a belated honeymoon, leaving the rambunctious dog in the care of a young woman who finds him impossible to control, especially during the frequent thunderstorms that plague the area. Soon after returning from their vacation, Jenny discovers she is pregnant again, and this time she delivers a healthy boy, Patrick. When she has a second son, Connor, she opts to give up her job and become a stay-at-home mom, prompting John to take on a daily column for a pay increase. Due to the crime rate, the couple decides to move to a larger house in the safer neighborhood of Boca Raton, where Marley delights in swimming in the backyard pool.

text: Although she denies she is experiencing postpartum depression, Jenny exhibits all the symptoms, including a growing impatience with Marley and John, who asks Sebastian to care for the dog when Jenny insists they give him away. She quickly comes to realize he has become an indispensable part of the family and agrees he can stay. Sebastian accepts a job for The New York Times and moves away. Some time later, John and Jenny welcome a daughter, Colleen, into their family.

text: John celebrates his 40th birthday and later goes skinny dipping with Jenny in their swimming pool. Increasingly disenchanted with his job, he decides to accept a position as a reporter with The Philadelphia Inquirer with Jenny's blessing, and the family moves to a farm in rural Pennsylvania. John soon realizes that he is a better columnist than reporter and pitches the column idea to his editor. Life is idyllic until the aging Marley begins to show signs of arthritis and deafness. An attack of gastric dilatation volvulus almost kills him, but he recovers. When a second attack occurs, it becomes clear surgery will not help him, and Marley is euthanized with John at his side. The family pay their last respects to their beloved pet as they bury him beneath a tree in their front yard.

text: Cast

text:
Owen Wilson as John Grogan
Jennifer Aniston as Jennifer Grogan
Eric Dane as Sebastian Tunney
Alan Arkin as Arnie Klein
Haley Hudson as Debbie
Haley Bennett as Lisa
Kathleen Turner as Ms. Kornblut
Ann Dowd as Dr. Platt
Nathan Gamble as Patrick Grogan (Age 10)
Bryce Robinson as Patrick Grogan (Age 7)
Dylan Henry as Patrick Grogan (Age 3)
Finley Jacobsen as Connor Grogan (Age 8)
Ben Hyland as Connor Grogan (Age 5)
Lucy Merriam as Colleen Grogan (Age 5)

tag: ul

text: Production

text: Because the film covers 14 years in the life of the dog, 22 different yellow labradors played the part of Marley (as revealed in the special feature Finding Marley on the DVD).

text: The film was shot on location in Florida's West Palm Beach, Fort Lauderdale, Hollywood, Miami, and Dolphin Stadium, in addition to Philadelphia and West Chester in Pennsylvania. The Irish honeymoon scenes were shot in and around Ballynahinch Castle, Connemara, County Galway, Ireland.

text: The film's score was composed by Theodore Shapiro, who previously had worked with director Frankel on The Devil Wears Prada. He recorded it with the Hollywood Studio Symphony at the Newman Scoring Stage at 20th Century Fox.[3]

text: Dave Barry, Grogan's fellow South Florida humor columnist, makes an uncredited cameo as a guest at the surprise party celebrating Grogan's 40th birthday.[4]

text: Release

text: Critical reception

text: Marley & Me received mixed to positive reviews from critics. On Rotten Tomatoes the film holds a rating of 63%, based on 137 reviews, with an average rating of 6/10. The site's critical consensus reads, "Pet owners should love it, but Marley and Me is only sporadically successful in wringing drama and laughs from its scenario."[5] On Metacritic, the film has a score of 53 out of 100, based on 30 critics, indicating "mixed or average reviews".[6]

text: Todd McCarthy of Variety said the film is "as broad and obvious as it could be, but delivers on its own terms thanks to sparky chemistry between its sunny blond stars, Owen Wilson and Jennifer Aniston, and the unabashed emotion-milking of the final reel. Fox has a winner here, likely to be irresistible to almost everyone but cats ... Animated and emotionally accessible, Aniston comes off better here than in most of her feature films, and Wilson spars well with her, even if, in the film's weaker moments, he shows he's on less certain ground with earnest material than he is with straight-faced impertinence."[7]

text: Kirk Honeycutt of The Hollywood Reporter observed that "seldom does a studio release feature so little drama - and not much comedy either, other than when the dog clowns around . . . [W]hatever Marley wants to be about - the challenges of marriage or the balancing act between career and family - gets subsumed by pet tricks. Dog lovers won't care, and that basically is the audience for the film. From Fox's standpoint, it may be enough . . . Marley & Me is a warm and fuzzy family movie, but you do wish that at least once someone would upstage the dog."[8]

text: Roger Ebert of the Chicago Sun-Times called the film "a cheerful family movie" and added, "Wilson and Aniston demonstrate why they are gifted comic actors. They have a relationship that's not too sitcomish, not too sentimental, mostly smart and realistic",[9] whilst Owen Gleiberman  of Entertainment Weekly graded the film A-, calling it "the single most endearing and authentic movie about the human–canine connection in decades. As directed by David Frankel, though, it's also something more: a disarmingly enjoyable, wholehearted comic vision of the happy messiness of family life."[10]

text: Steve Persall of the St. Petersburg Times was also very positive, graded the film B and commenting, "Marley & Me practically leaps at viewers like a pound puppy seeking affection, and darn if it doesn't deserve some . . . Things could get mushier or sillier, but Frankel and screenwriters Scott Frank and Don Roos — who usually handle grittier material — decline to play the easy, crowd-pleasing game. Their faith in Grogan's simple tale of loyalty among people and pets is unique, and it pays off . . . [It] isn't extraordinary cinema, but it relates to everyday people in the audience in a way that few movies do without being dull."[11]

text: Walter Addiego of the San Francisco Chronicle said, "this love letter to man's best friend will make dog fanciers roll over and do tricks. It's so warmhearted, you'll want to run out and hug the nearest big, sloppy mutt."[12] The praise continued with Carrie Rickey of The Philadelphia Inquirer awarding the film three out of four stars and saying, "Marley and Me operates on the assumption that happiness is a warm tongue bath. And those who endorse this belief will enjoy this shaggy dog story . . . The anecdotal structure does not make for a gripping movie. For one thing, there's no conflict, unless you count the tension between a guy and his untrainable pooch. Yet Marley boasts animal magnetism . . . Mawkish? Sometimes. But often very funny and occasionally very moving."[13]

text: The film also had bad reviews though, with Betsy Sharkey of the Los Angeles Times calling it "an imperfect, messy and sometimes trying film that has moments of genuine sweetness and humor sprinkled in between the saccharine and the sadness."[14]

text: Peter Bradshaw of The Guardian was unimpressed, awarding the film one out of five stars and commenting, "the relentless gooey yuckiness and fatuous stereotyping in this weepy feelbad comedy gave me the film critic's equivalent of a boiling hot nose,"[15] while Philip French of The Observer said, "the one redeeming feature is the presence as Wilson's editor of that great deadpan, put-on artist Alan Arkin, a comedian who can do a double-take without moving his head."[16] Further criticism came from Colm Andrew of the Manx Independent who said that "Marley himself is surprisingly one-dimensional" and the ending was over-emotional, going "for the heart-wrenching kind which will always provoke a response, but does so with absolutely no grace".[17]

text: On Metro, Marley & Me was placed #5 in a poll of "20 movies that make men cry".[18]

text: Box office

text: The film opened on 3,480 screens in the US and Canada on December 25, 2008. It grossed $14.75 million on its first day of release, setting the record for the best Christmas Day box office take ever by surpassing the previous high of $10.2 million achieved by Ali in 2001 (the record was broken the following year by Sherlock Holmes).[2] It earned a total of $51.7 million over the four-day weekend and placed #1 at the box office, a position it maintained for two weeks. The film ended its run having grossed $143,153,751 in the US and $99,563,362 in foreign markets for a total worldwide box office of $242,717,113.[19]

text: Accolades

text:
Year

Award

Category

Recipients & Nominees

Result

2009

BMI Film & TV Awards

BMI Film Music Award

Theodore Shapiro
Won

Kids' Choice Awards

Blimp Award

Jennifer Aniston
Nominated

Teen Choice Award

Choice Movie: Bromantic Comedy

Won

Choice Movie Actress: Comedy

Jennifer Aniston
Nominated

Choice Movie Liplock

Owen Wilson & Clyde
Nominated

tag: table

text: Home media

text: This section does not cite any sources. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (May 2011) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

text: 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment released the film on DVD and Blu-ray Disc on March 31, 2009. Viewers have the option of a single disc or a two-disc set called the Bad Dog Edition. The film is in anamorphic widescreen format with audio tracks in English, French, and Spanish and subtitles in English and Spanish. Bonus features on the two-disc set include Finding Marley, Breaking the Golden Rule, On Set with Marley: Dog of All Trades, Animal Adoption, When Not to Pee, How Many Takes, a gag reel, and the Purina Dog Chow Video Hall of Fame and Marley & Me video contest finalists. The DVD has sold a total of 3,514,154 copies generating $61.41 million in sales revenue.

text: A prequel to the film, Marley & Me: The Puppy Years, was released direct-to-video on June 1, 2011.

text: Soundtrack

text:
Song
Artist
Written by

Shiny Happy People
R.E.M.
Bill Berry, Peter Buck, Mike Mills and Michael Stipe

One Love
Bob Marley & The Wailers
Bob Marley

Decepcion
Tech-i-L.A
Danny Osuna and Sara Traina

Rockin' the Suburbs (Over the Hedge Version)
Ben Folds
Ben Folds

Only Wanna Be With You
Hootie & the Blowfish
Mark Bryan, Darius Rucker, Jim 'Soni' Sonefeld and Dean Felber

Cantaloop (Flip Fantasia)
Us3 featuring Rahsaan and Gerard Presencer
Herbie Hancock, Rahsaan Hakeem Kelly, Melvyn Simpson and Geoffrey Wilkinson

Lithium
Bruce Lash
Kurt Cobain

Can We Fix It?

Paul K. Joyce

Rather Be
The Verve
Richard Ashcroft

Lucky Man
The Verve
Richard Ashcroft

Happy Birthday

Mildred J. Hill and Patty S. Hill

River Song
Dennis Wilson
Carl Wilson and Dennis Wilson

text: Soundtrack references:[20][21][22]


document_title: Don't Pass Me By

question_text: who plays fiddle on don't pass me by

question_tokens: who plays fiddle on do n 't pass me by

text: Don't Pass Me By

text: Origin[edit]

text: Starr first played his song for the other Beatles soon after he joined the group in August 1962.[3] Its earliest public mention seems to have been in a BBC chatter session introducing "And I Love Her" on the radio show Top Gear in 1964. In the conversation, Starr was asked if he had written a song and Paul McCartney mocked him soon afterwards, singing the first line of the refrain, "Don't pass me by, don't make me cry, don't make me blue, baby."[4]

text: Recording[edit]

text: The song was recorded in four separate sessions in 1968: 5 and 6 June, and 5 and 12 July. Despite references to it in 1964 as "Don't Pass Me By",[5] it was called "Ringo's Tune (Untitled)" on 5 June session tape label and "This Is Some Friendly" on 6 June label. By 12 July, the title was restored.[1]

text: During a lead vocal track recorded on 6 June, Starr audibly counted out eight beats,[1] and it can be heard in the released song starting at 2:30 of the 1987 CD version. The monaural mix is faster than the stereo mix, and features a different arrangement of violin in the fade-out.

text: George Martin arranged an orchestral interlude as an introduction, but this was rejected.[5] It would eventually be used as an incidental cue for the Beatles' animated film Yellow Submarine. In 1996, the introduction was released as the track "A Beginning" on The Beatles Anthology 3 CD.[5][6]

text: The line, "I'm sorry that I doubted you, I was so unfair, You were in a car crash and you lost your hair", is cited by proponents of the "Paul is Dead" urban legend[who?] as a clue to McCartney's fate; the line "you lost your hair" is claimed to refer to Paul being badly burned in a fiery car crash, or to the song "When I'm Sixty-Four" (which was written by McCartney). However, the expression "to lose one's hair" was a fairly common English idiom, and simply means "to become anxious or upset" (see, for instance, Elizabeth Bowen's novel The Death of the Heart, 1938).

text: Personnel[edit]

text:
Ringo Starr – vocals, drums, tack piano, sleigh bells, cowbell, maracas, congas
Paul McCartney – grand piano, bass guitar
Jack Fallon – violin

text: The pianos were both recorded into a Leslie 147 speaker.

text: Cover versions[edit]

text: The song has been covered by alt-country band the Gourds, by the Southern rock band the Georgia Satellites on their 1988 album, Open All Night,[7] and by the Punkles on their 2004 album, Pistol.[8]

text: The Swedish pop group ABBA made an unofficial parody of this song, but it was not released until their medley "Undeleted" in 1994. Phish covered the song live, with most other songs on The Beatles on the album Live Phish Volume 13.[9]

text: Ringo Starr released a re-recording of the song as a bonus track on his 2017 album Give More Love.

text: Notes[edit]

text:
^ Jump up to: a b c d Lewisohn, Mark (1988). The Beatles Recording Sessions. New York: Harmony Books. pp. 137, 142, 144. ISBN 0-517-57066-1.
Jump up ^ "Top 10/Tipparaden/1969/Uge 14 (week 14)". danskehitlister.dk (in Danish). 3 April 1969. Retrieved 2015-03-16.
Jump up ^ Lewisohn, Mark (2013). The Beatles: All These Years, Volume One – Tune In. New York: Crown Archetype. p. 691. ISBN 978-1-4000-8305-3.
Jump up ^ Complete BBC Sessions, Vol.8, track 5, at the 1:10 mark
^ Jump up to: a b c d MacDonald, Ian (2005). Revolution in the Head: The Beatles' Records and the Sixties (Second Revised ed.). London: Pimlico (Rand). p. 286. ISBN 1-84413-828-3.
Jump up ^ Lewisohn, Mark (1996). Anthology 3 (booklet). The Beatles. London: Apple Records. p. 4. 34451.
Jump up ^ "Open All Night - The Georgia Satelittes". AllMusic. Retrieved 7 September 2017.
Jump up ^ "Pistol - The Punkles". AllMusic. Retrieved 7 September 2017.
Jump up ^ "Live Phish, Vol. 13: 10/31/94, Glens Falls Civic Center, Glens Falls, NY - Phish". AllMusic. Retrieved 7 September 2017.

tag: ol


document_title: James Gillett

question_text: the shame of california was a photograph of

text: James Gillett

text: Biography[edit]

text: James Gillett was born in Viroqua, Wisconsin, on September 20, 1860. As a young child, Gillett moved with his parents to Sparta, Wisconsin at the age of five. He would remain in Sparta for nearly fifteen years, attending the local grammar and high school in the town. In 1881, Gillett was admitted to the Wisconsin Bar, beginning a law practice in Sparta shortly afterwards. In the early 1880s, Gillett permanently relocated out of his native Wisconsin for the West, living briefly in both the Montana Territory and Washington Territory before moving to California, settling in Eureka in 1884.[1]

text: Once in Eureka, Gillett joined the state militia as a private in the Eureka Guard Company in 1885. Based primarily in Santa Cruz, Gillett's unit would be called into active military service only once, assisting Humboldt County sheriffs in protecting a local town jail during the height of Sinophobic riots in Eureka.[2] Following the end of his state military service, Gillett quickly resumed his career as a lawyer. In 1890, Gillett became the Eureka City Attorney, holding the position until 1895.[3]

text: By the mid-1890s, Gillett had become interested in state politics. Running as a Republican, Gillett was elected to the California State Senate in the 1896 general elections. After serving a single term in the State Senate, Gillett successfully ran for the U.S. House of Representatives in the 1902 House elections. He successfully defended his seat again in the 1904 elections.[3]

text: Gillett's success in Washington was noticed by state Republicans and lobbyists for the Southern Pacific Railroad, who saw Gillett's politics as supporting their own corporate interests. Attending the state Republican convention in Santa Cruz in 1906, party machine boss Abe Ruef sought to replace incumbent Governor George Pardee with Gillett for the Republican gubernatorial nomination. Pardee, a physician and staunch Progressive and conservationist politician, openly opposed the Southern Pacific's monopoly over cargo and transportation, believing its business influence harmful to the state's economy and politics. In backroom deals, Southern Pacific lobbyists, including Ruef and Southern Pacific political bureau chief William Herrin, persuaded the attending Republican delegates to refuse Pardee renomination, instead handing the nomination to the railroad-friendly Gillett.[4] In response to their support, Gillett promised the Southern Pacific waterfront patrongage.

text: The denying of Pardee's renomination caused immediate controversy and outrage. Pardee, due to his efficient bureaucracy and direction of the state government's response to the 1906 San Francisco earthquake, remained an enormously popular politician. His replacement by Gillett, a Railroad Republican, caused anger both in the press and within political circles. The San Francisco Call printed a photograph taken at the convention's end of Gillett among top party bosses entitled "the Shame of California."[4] Gillett's nomination by special interests would fuel calls for a direct primary law in the state.

text: Despite his highly controversial nomination, Gillett would win the governorship in the 1906 general elections, defeating Democrat Theodore A. Bell, Socialist Austin Lewis, Prohibitionist James H. Blanchard, and William Langdon of the Independence League. Langdon's strong third place showing of 14.4% sapped votes away from both the popular contenders Gillett and Bell, yet enough to tip the balance in Gillett's favor.[5]

text: Following his successful election, Gillett resigned from his U.S. House seat.

text: Governorship[edit]

text: Inaugurated on January 9, 1907, as the 22nd Governor of California Gillett's agenda included the construction of more transcontinental railroads between California and the East. In addition, Gillett, like his predecessor Pardee, encouraged the California State Legislature to debate the direct primary, though remained vague on his support for any such law.[6] Gillett also included within his agenda the expansion of harbors, especially in the case of the Port of San Francisco following the 1906 firestorm, to keep up with the state's expanding commerce and ongoing population boom. Gillett also pushed bills through the Legislature to create state measures assisting federal food safety laws, particularly for the expanding fruit and California wine industries.

text: During his governorship, Gillett encouraged and signed laws to reform state parole guidelines, assisting prisoners to more quickly reform themselves and return as productive members of society. In 1909, Gillett passed the state's first eugenics law, making it legal for state officials to sterilize mental patients considered clinically insane, prisoners exhibiting sexual or moral perversions, and anyone with more than three criminal convictions.[7] The law was passed unanimously in the Assembly, and had one dissenting vote in the Senate. Some 19,000 people were sterilized between 1909 and 1950, when eugenics became generally disfavored by the medical profession due to its connections with Nazi Germany.

text: As automobiles became more common along California's roads, Gillett agreed with the Legislature to pass the State Highway Bond Act of 1909. The act, which created a bond worth $18 million, effectively established the California state highway system.[8] The system would collectively organize state roads, numbering them sequentially, and provide greater funds for maintenance and expansion.

text: Gillett's governorship, however, remained continually marred with controversy due to his Republican nomination by party machine business interests. Writing in The Los Angeles Examiner, influential cartoonist George Herriman continually depicted Governor Gillett as a mule for Southern Pacific interests. Indeed, while in office, Gillett appealed to the railroads to not levy excessive charges on shipping companies and municipalities, yet still warmly welcomed their economic and political presence in the state.[9] His warm relations with the Southern Pacific led in part to rising Progressive anger within state Republican ranks, culminating in the election of Hiram Johnson and a large number of like-minded Progressive state legislators in the 1910 elections.

text: By 1910, Gillett was falling quickly into financial trouble, and decided not to seek re-election. Privately, however, it is believed that his wife, Isabella, did not want Gillett to continue the governorship.[10]

text: Post governorship[edit]

text: Following his departure from the Governor's Office, Gillett opened a law practice in San Francisco. From 1916 to 1920, Gillett worked in Washington, D.C., as an attorney and lobbyist for the San Francisco-based Associated Oil Company and the Oil Industry Association. Gillett's lobbying in the U.S. Congress helped secure passage of the Oil Leasing Bill in 1920, which pertained to leases in the naval petroleum reserves. Gillett would go on to represent many oil industry companies and individuals in oil lease matters.[11] Throughout the 1920s Gillett completed over twenty years' work in obtaining compensation for the owners and crews of sailing vessels seized by the U.S. federal government in the Bering Sea between 1886 and 1894.

text: Gillett retired from the law practice in 1929, only to begin a new practice in 1934 in Oakland with his son, James Gillett, Jr.

text: Gillett died April 20, 1937 in Berkeley at the age of 76.


document_title: List of multiple Olympic gold medalists

question_text: who won the most medals at the olympics

question_tokens: who won the most medals at the olympics

text: List of multiple Olympic gold medalists

text: List of most Olympic gold medals over career[edit]

text: This is a partial list of multiple Olympic gold medalists, listing people who have won four or more Olympic gold medals. Medals won in the 1906 Intercalated Games are not included. (If they were, Ray Ewry would be second on the list with 10 gold). It includes top-three placings in 1896 and 1900, before medals were awarded for top-three placings. For simplicity, when an athlete has won medals for more than one nation, only the last nation he or she represented is mentioned here. The Olympics listed for each athlete only include games in which they won medals. See the particular article on the athlete for more details on when and for what nation an athlete competed. More medals are available in some events than others, and the number of events in which medals are available overall has changed over time.

text:
No.
Athlete
Nation
Sport
Years
Games
Gender
Gold
Silver
Bronze
Total

1
Phelps, MichaelMichael Phelps
 United States
Swimming
2004–2016
Summer
M
23
3
2
28

2
Latynina, LarisaLarisa Latynina
 Soviet Union
Gymnastics
1956–1964
Summer
F
9
5
4
18

3
Nurmi, PaavoPaavo Nurmi
 Finland
Athletics
1920–1928
Summer
M
9
3
0
12

4
Spitz, MarkMark Spitz
 United States
Swimming
1968–1972
Summer
M
9
1
1
11

5
Lewis, CarlCarl Lewis
 United States
Athletics
1984–1996
Summer
M
9
1
0
10

6
Bjørgen, MaritMarit Bjørgen
 Norway
Cross-country skiing
2002–2018
Winter
F
8
4
3
15

7
Bjørndalen, Ole EinarOle Einar Bjørndalen
 Norway
Biathlon
1998–2014
Winter
M
8
4
1
13

8
Dæhlie, BjørnBjørn Dæhlie
 Norway
Cross-country skiing
1992–1998
Winter
M
8
4
0
12

Fischer, BirgitBirgit Fischer
 East Germany
 Germany
Canoeing
1980–2004
Summer
F
8
4
0
12

10
Kato, SawaoSawao Kato
 Japan
Gymnastics
1968–1976
Summer
M
8
3
1
12

Thompson, JennyJenny Thompson
 United States
Swimming
1992–2004
Summer
F
8
3
1
12

12
Biondi, MattMatt Biondi
 United States
Swimming
1984–1992
Summer
M
8
2
1
11

13
Bolt, UsainUsain Bolt
 Jamaica
Athletics
2008–2016
Summer
M
8
0
0
8

Ewry, RayRay Ewry
 United States
Athletics
1900–1908
Summer
M
8
0
0
8

15
Andrianov, NikolaiNikolai Andrianov
 Soviet Union
Gymnastics
1972–1980
Summer
M
7
5
3
15

16
Shakhlin, BorisBoris Shakhlin
 Soviet Union
Gymnastics
1956–1964
Summer
M
7
4
2
13

17
Čáslavská, VěraVěra Čáslavská
 Czechoslovakia
Gymnastics
1960–1968
Summer
F
7
4
0
11

18
Chukarin, ViktorViktor Chukarin
 Soviet Union
Gymnastics
1952–1956
Summer
M
7
3
1
11

19
Gerevich, AladárAladár Gerevich
 Hungary
Fencing
1932–1960
Summer
M
7
1
2
10

20
Mangiarotti, EdoardoEdoardo Mangiarotti
 Italy
Fencing
1936–1960
Summer
M
6
5
2
13

21
Werth, IsabellIsabell Werth
 Germany
Equestrian
1992–2016
Summer
F
6
4
0
10

22
Lochte, RyanRyan Lochte
 United States
Swimming
2004–2016
Summer
M
6
3
3
12

23
Felix, AllysonAllyson Felix
 United States
Athletics
2004–2016
Summer
F
6
3
0
9

Van Innis, HubertHubert Van Innis
 Belgium
Archery
1900–1920
Summer
M
6
3
0
9

Yegorova, LyubovLyubov Yegorova
 Unified Team
 Russia
Cross-country skiing
1992–1994
Winter
F
6
3
0
9

26
Nakayama, AkinoriAkinori Nakayama
 Japan
Gymnastics
1968–1972
Summer
M
6
2
2
10

27
Vezzali, ValentinaValentina Vezzali
 Italy
Fencing
1996–2012
Summer
F
6
1
2
9

28
Fredriksson, GertGert Fredriksson
 Sweden
Canoeing
1948–1960
Summer
M
6
1
1
8

29
Hoy, ChrisChris Hoy
 Great Britain
Cycling
2000–2012
Summer
M
6
1
0
7

Kenny, JasonJason Kenny
 Great Britain
Cycling
2008–2016
Summer
M
6
1
0
7

31
Scherbo, VitalyVitaly Scherbo
 Unified Team
 Belarus
Gymnastics
1992–1996
Summer
M
6
0
4
10

32
Ahn Hyun-Soo
Viktor Ahn
 South Korea
 Russia
Short track speed skating
2006–2014
Winter
M
6
0
2
8

Klimke, ReinerReiner Klimke
 United Team of Germany
 West Germany
Equestrian
1964–1988
Summer
M
6
0
2
8

34
Kovács, PálPál Kovács
 Hungary
Fencing
1936–1960
Summer
M
6
0
1
7

35
Kárpáti, RudolfRudolf Kárpáti
 Hungary
Fencing
1948–1960
Summer
M
6
0
0
6

Nadi, NedoNedo Nadi
 Italy
Fencing
1912–1920
Summer
M
6
0
0
6

Otto, KristinKristin Otto
 East Germany
Swimming
1988
Summer
F
6
0
0
6

Skoblikova, LidiaLidia Skoblikova
 Soviet Union
Speed skating
1960–1964
Winter
F
6
0
0
6

Van Dyken, AmyAmy Van Dyken
 United States
Swimming
1996–2000
Summer
F
6
0
0
6

40
Wüst, IreenIreen Wüst
 Netherlands
Speed skating
2006–2018
Winter
F
5
5
1
11

41
Ono, TakashiTakashi Ono
 Japan
Gymnastics
1952–1964
Summer
M
5
4
4
13

42
Osburn, CarlCarl Osburn
 United States
Shooting
1912–1924
Summer
M
5
4
2
11

43
Hall, Jr., GaryGary Hall, Jr.
 United States
Swimming
1996–2004
Summer
M
5
3
2
10

Keleti, ÁgnesÁgnes Keleti
 Hungary
Gymnastics
1952–1956
Summer
F
5
3
2
10

45
Comăneci, NadiaNadia Comăneci
 Romania
Gymnastics
1976–1980
Summer
F
5
3
1
9

Thorpe, IanIan Thorpe
 Australia
Swimming
2000–2004
Summer
M
5
3
1
9

47
Ritola, VilleVille Ritola
 Finland
Athletics
1924–1928
Summer
M
5
3
0
8

48
Astakhova, PolinaPolina Astakhova
 Soviet Union
Gymnastics
1956–1964
Summer
F
5
2
3
10

49
Pechstein, ClaudiaClaudia Pechstein
 Germany
Speed skating
1992–2006
Winter
F
5
2
2
9

50
Lipă, ElisabetaElisabeta Lipă
 Romania
Rowing
1984–2004
Summer
F
5
2
1
8

51
Endo, YukioYukio Endo
 Japan
Gymnastics
1960–1968
Summer
M
5
2
0
7

Fourcade, MartinMartin Fourcade
 France
Biathlon
2014–2018
Winter
M
5
2
0
7

Peirsol, AaronAaron Peirsol
 United States
Swimming
2000–2008
Summer
M
5
2
0
7

54
Tsukahara, MitsuoMitsuo Tsukahara
 Japan
Gymnastics
1968–1976
Summer
M
5
1
3
9

55
Adrian, NathanNathan Adrian
 United States
Swimming
2008–2016
Summer
M
5
1
2
8

Wiggins, BradleyBradley Wiggins
 Great Britain
Cycling
2000–2016
Summer
M
5
1
2
8

57
Egerszegi, KrisztinaKrisztina Egerszegi
 Hungary
Swimming
1988–1996
Summer
F
5
1
1
7

Jager, TomTom Jager
 United States
Swimming
1984–1992
Summer
M
5
1
1
7

Lazutina, LarisaLarisa Lazutina
 Unified Team
 Russia
Cross-country skiing
1992–1998
Winter
F
5
1
1
7

Lee, Willis A.Willis A. Lee
 United States
Shooting
1920
Summer
M
5
1
1
7

Thunberg, ClasClas Thunberg
 Finland
Speed skating
1924–1928
Winter
M
5
1
1
7

Vollmer, DanaDana Vollmer
 United States
Swimming
2004–2016
Summer
F
5
1
1
7

Winkler, Hans GünterHans Günter Winkler
 United Team of Germany
 West Germany
Equestrian
1956–1976
Summer
M
5
1
1
7

Wu Minxia
 China
Diving
2004–2016
Summer
F
5
1
1
7

65
Alsgaard, ThomasThomas Alsgaard
 Norway
Cross-country skiing
1994–2002
Winter
M
5
1
0
6

Heida, AntonAnton Heida
 United States
Gymnastics
1904
Summer
M
5
1
0
6

Kim, NellieNellie Kim
 Soviet Union
Gymnastics
1976–1980
Summer
F
5
1
0
6

Kozák, DanutaDanuta Kozák
 Hungary
Canoeing
2008–2016
Summer
F
5
1
0
6

Ledecky, KatieKatie Ledecky
 United States
Swimming
2012–2016
Summer
F
5
1
0
6

Lilloe-Olsen, OleOle Lilloe-Olsen
 Norway
Shooting
1920–1924
Summer
M
5
1
0
6

Schollander, DonDon Schollander
 United States
Swimming
1964–1968
Summer
M
5
1
0
6

72
Blair, BonnieBonnie Blair
 United States
Speed skating
1988–1994
Winter
F
5
0
1
6

Damian, GeorgetaGeorgeta Damian
 Romania
Rowing
2000–2008
Summer
F
5
0
1
6

Franklin, MissyMissy Franklin
 United States
Swimming
2012–2016
Summer
F
5
0
1
6

Lane, AlfredAlfred Lane
 United States
Shooting
1912–1920
Summer
M
5
0
1
6

Redgrave, SteveSteve Redgrave
 Great Britain
Rowing
1984–2000
Summer
M
5
0
1
6

Weissmuller, JohnnyJohnny Weissmuller
 United States
Swimming, Water polo
1924–1928
Summer
M
5
0
1
6

Zou Kai
 China
Gymnastics
2008–2012
Summer
M
5
0
1
6

79
Chen Ruolin
 China
Diving
2008–2016
Summer
F
5
0
0
5

Davydova, AnastasiaAnastasia Davydova
 Russia
Synchronized swimming
2004–2012
Summer
F
5
0
0
5

Fisher, MorrisMorris Fisher
 United States
Shooting
1920–1924
Summer
M
5
0
0
5

Heiden, EricEric Heiden
 United States
Speed skating
1980
Winter
M
5
0
0
5

Ishchenko, NataliaNatalia Ishchenko
 Russia
Synchronized swimming
2008–2016
Summer
F
5
0
0
5

Romashina, SvetlanaSvetlana Romashina
 Russia
Synchronized swimming
2008–2016
Summer
F
5
0
0
5

85
Smetanina, RaisaRaisa Smetanina
 Soviet Union
 Unified Team
Cross-country skiing
1976–1992
Winter
F
4
5
1
10

86
Popov, AlexanderAlexander Popov
 Unified Team
 Russia
Swimming
1992–2000
Summer
M
4
5
0
9

87
Torres, DaraDara Torres
 United States
Swimming
1984–2008
Summer
F
4
4
4
12

88
Ender, KorneliaKornelia Ender
 East Germany
Swimming
1972–1976
Summer
F
4
4
0
8

Fraser, DawnDawn Fraser
 Australia
Swimming
1956–1964
Summer
F
4
4
0
8

90
Jernberg, SixtenSixten Jernberg
 Sweden
Cross-country skiing
1956–1964
Winter
M
4
3
2
9

Tourischeva, LudmillaLudmilla Tourischeva
 Soviet Union
Gymnastics
1968–1976
Summer
F
4
3
2
9

92
Groß, RiccoRicco Groß
 Germany
Biathlon
1992–2006
Winter
M
4
3
1
8

Miez, GeorgesGeorges Miez
 Switzerland
Gymnastics
1924–1936
Summer
M
4
3
1
8

Olsen, OttoOtto Olsen
 Norway
Shooting
1920–1924
Summer
M
4
3
1
8

Svendsen, Emil HegleEmil Hegle Svendsen
 Norway
Biathlon
2010–2018
Winter
M
4
3
1
8

96
Patzaichin, IvanIvan Patzaichin
 Romania
Canoeing
1968–1984
Summer
M
4
3
0
7

97
Nemov, AlexeiAlexei Nemov
 Russia
Gymnastics
1996–2000
Summer
M
4
2
6
12

98
Kramer, SvenSven Kramer
 Netherlands
Speed skating
2006–2018
Winter
M
4
2
3
9

99
Aamodt, Kjetil AndréKjetil André Aamodt
 Norway
Alpine skiing
1992–2006
Winter
M
4
2
2
8

de Bruijn, IngeInge de Bruijn
 Netherlands
Swimming
2000–2004
Summer
F
4
2
2
8

Fischer, SvenSven Fischer
 Germany
Biathlon
1994–2006
Winter
M
4
2
2
8

Kulakova, GalinaGalina Kulakova
 Soviet Union
Cross-country skiing
1972–1980
Winter
F
4
2
2
8

Lezak, JasonJason Lezak
 United States
Swimming
2000–2012
Summer
M
4
2
2
8

Matthes, RolandRoland Matthes
 East Germany
Swimming
1968–1976
Summer
M
4
2
2
8

Schmitt, AllisonAllison Schmitt
 United States
Swimming
2008–2016
Summer
F
4
2
2
8

106
Ballangrud, IvarIvar Ballangrud
 Norway
Speed skating
1928–1936
Winter
M
4
2
1
7

Liberg, EinarEinar Liberg
 Norway
Shooting
1908–1924
Summer
M
4
2
1
7

108
Delfino, GiuseppeGiuseppe Delfino
 Italy
Fencing
1952–1964
Summer
M
4
2
0
6

d'Oriola, ChristianChristian d'Oriola
 France
Fencing
1948–1956
Summer
M
4
2
0
6

Gaudin, LucienLucien Gaudin
 France
Fencing
1920–1928
Summer
M
4
2
0
6

Grevers, MattMatt Grevers
 United States
Swimming
2008–2012
Summer
M
4
2
0
6

Guo Jingjing
 China
Diving
2000–2008
Summer
F
4
2
0
6

Jong-oh, JinJin Jong-oh
 South Korea
Shooting
2004–2016
Summer
M
4
2
0
6

Korbut, OlgaOlga Korbut
 Soviet Union
Gymnastics
1972–1976
Summer
F
4
2
0
6

Kostelić, JanicaJanica Kostelić
 Croatia
Alpine skiing
2002–2006
Winter
F
4
2
0
6

Kuske, KevinKevin Kuske
 Germany
Bobsleigh
2002–2018
Winter
M
4
2
0
6

117
Trillini, GiovannaGiovanna Trillini
 Italy
Fencing
1992–2008
Summer
F
4
1
3
8

118
Daniels, CharlesCharles Daniels
 United States
Swimming
1904–1908
Summer
M
4
1
2
7

Kitajima, KosukeKosuke Kitajima
 Japan
Swimming
2004–2012
Summer
M
4
1
2
7

Spooner, LloydLloyd Spooner
 United States
Shooting
1920
Summer
M
4
1
2
7

Trickett, LibbyLibby Trickett
 Australia
Swimming
2004–2012
Summer
F
4
1
2
7

122
Domracheva, DaryaDarya Domracheva
 Belarus
Biathlon
2010–2018
Winter
F
4
1
1
6

Ignat, DoinaDoina Ignat
 Romania
Rowing
1992–2008
Summer
F
4
1
1
6

Kim Soo-Nyung
 South Korea
Archery
1988–2000
Summer
F
4
1
1
6

Novikova-Belova, ElenaElena Novikova-Belova
 Soviet Union
Fencing
1968–1976
Summer
F
4
1
1
6

Rose, MurrayMurray Rose
 Australia
Swimming
1956–1960
Summer
M
4
1
1
6

Sidyak, ViktorViktor Sidyak
 Soviet Union
Fencing
1968–1980
Summer
M
4
1
1
6

Svan, GundeGunde Svan
 Sweden
Cross-country skiing
1984–1988
Winter
M
4
1
1
6

van Moorsel, LeontienLeontien van Moorsel
 Netherlands
Cycling
2000–2004
Summer
F
4
1
1
6

Wagner-Augustin, KatrinKatrin Wagner-Augustin
 Germany
Canoeing
2000–2012
Summer
F
4
1
1
6

Wang Meng
 China
Short track speed skating
2006–2010
Winter
F
4
1
1
6

132
Ainslie, BenBen Ainslie
 Great Britain
Sailing
1996–2012
Summer
M
4
1
0
5

Artemov, VladimirVladimir Artemov
 Soviet Union
Gymnastics
1988
Summer
M
4
1
0
5

Ashford, EvelynEvelyn Ashford
 United States
Athletics
1984–1992
Summer
F
4
1
0
5

Evans, JanetJanet Evans
 United States
Swimming
1988–1992
Summer
F
4
1
0
5

Ferguson, IanIan Ferguson
 New Zealand
Canoeing
1984–1988
Summer
M
4
1
0
5

Fonst, RamónRamón Fonst
 Cuba
Fencing
1900–1904
Summer
M
4
1
0
5

Fu Mingxia
 China
Diving
1992–2000
Summer
F
4
1
0
5

Grishin, YevgenyYevgeny Grishin
 Soviet Union
Speed skating
1956–1964
Winter
M
4
1
0
5

Hefford, JaynaJayna Hefford
 Canada
Ice hockey
1998–2014
Winter
F
4
1
0
5

Klochkova, YanaYana Klochkova
 Ukraine
Swimming
2000–2004
Summer
F
4
1
0
5

Kolehmainen, HannesHannes Kolehmainen
 Finland
Athletics
1912–1920
Summer
M
4
1
0
5

Koss, Johann OlavJohann Olav Koss
 Norway
Speed skating
1992–1994
Winter
M
4
1
0
5

Lange, AndréAndré Lange
 Germany
Bobsleigh
2002–2010
Winter
M
4
1
0
5

Louganis, GregGreg Louganis
 United States
Diving
1976–1988
Summer
M
4
1
0
5

Muratov, ValentinValentin Muratov
 Soviet Union
Gymnastics
1952–1956
Summer
M
4
1
0
5

Naber, JohnJohn Naber
 United States
Swimming
1976
Summer
M
4
1
0
5

Nykänen, MattiMatti Nykänen
 Finland
Ski jumping
1984–1988
Winter
M
4
1
0
5

Pahud de Mortanges, CharlesCharles Pahud de Mortanges
 Netherlands
Equestrian
1924–1936
Summer
M
4
1
0
5

Sheppard, MelMel Sheppard
 United States
Athletics
1908–1912
Summer
M
4
1
0
5

Szabo, EcaterinaEcaterina Szabo
 Romania
Gymnastics
1984
Summer
F
4
1
0
5

Tikhonov, AlexanderAlexander Tikhonov
 Soviet Union
Biathlon
1968–1980
Winter
M
4
1
0
5

Wang Nan
 China
Table tennis
2000–2008
Summer
F
4
1
0
5

Wickenheiser, HayleyHayley Wickenheiser
 Canada
Ice hockey
1998–2014
Winter
F
4
1
0
5

Williams, VenusVenus Williams
 United States
Tennis
2000–2016
Summer
F
4
1
0
5

Zátopek, EmilEmil Zátopek
 Czechoslovakia
Athletics
1948–1952
Summer
M
4
1
0
5

Zimyatov, NikolayNikolay Zimyatov
 Soviet Union
Cross-country skiing
1980–1984
Winter
M
4
1
0
5

158
Kulcsár, GyőzőGyőző Kulcsár
 Hungary
Fencing
1964–1976
Summer
M
4
0
2
6

159
Beerbaum, LudgerLudger Beerbaum
 West Germany
 Germany
Equestrian
1988–2016
Summer
M
4
0
1
5

Biles, SimoneSimone Biles
 United States
Gymnastics
2016
Summer
F
4
0
1
5

Boron, KathrinKathrin Boron
 Germany
Rowing
1992–2008
Summer
F
4
0
1
5

Chun Lee-Kyung
 South Korea
Short track speed skating
1994–1998
Winter
F
4
0
1
5

Edwards, TeresaTeresa Edwards
 United States
Basketball
1984–2000
Summer
F
4
0
1
5

Geisenberger, NatalieNatalie Geisenberger
 Germany
Luge
2010–2018
Winter
F
4
0
1
5

Hurley, MarcusMarcus Hurley
 United States
Cycling
1904
Summer
M
4
0
1
5

Li Xiaopeng
 China
Gymnastics
2000–2008
Summer
M
4
0
1
5

Olsen, JonJon Olsen
 United States
Swimming
1992–1996
Summer
M
4
0
1
5

Pozdnyakov, StanislavStanislav Pozdnyakov
 Unified Team
 Russia
Fencing
1992–2004
Summer
M
4
0
1
5

Richards-Ross, SanyaSanya Richards-Ross
 United States
Athletics
2004–2012
Summer
F
4
0
1
5

Susanu, VioricaViorica Susanu
 Romania
Rowing
2000–2008
Summer
F
4
0
1
5

Zampori, GiorgioGiorgio Zampori
 Italy
Gymnastics
1912–1924
Summer
M
4
0
1
5

172
Ammann, SimonSimon Ammann
 Switzerland
Ski jumping
2002–2010
Winter
M
4
0
0
4

Arlt, TobiasTobias Arlt
 Germany
Luge
2014–2018
Winter
M
4
0
0
4

Bird, SueSue Bird
 United States
Basketball
2004–2016
Summer
F
4
0
0
4

Blankers-Koen, FannyFanny Blankers-Koen
 Netherlands
Athletics
1948
Summer
F
4
0
0
4

Catchings, TamikaTamika Catchings
 United States
Basketball
2004–2016
Summer
F
4
0
0
4

Cologna, DarioDario Cologna
 Switzerland
Cross-country skiing
2010–2018
Winter
M
4
0
0
4

Cuthbert, BettyBetty Cuthbert
 Australia
Athletics
1956–1964
Summer
F
4
0
0
4

Darnyi, TamásTamás Darnyi
 Hungary
Swimming
1988–1992
Summer
M
4
0
0
4

Deng Yaping
 China
Table tennis
1992–1996
Summer
F
4
0
0
4

Dillard, HarrisonHarrison Dillard
 United States
Athletics
1948–1952
Summer
M
4
0
0
4

Elvstrøm, Paul BertPaul Bert Elvstrøm
 Denmark
Sailing
1948–1960
Summer
M
4
0
0
4

Ermakova, AnastasiaAnastasia Ermakova
 Russia
Synchronized swimming
2004–2008
Summer
F
4
0
0
4

Farah, MohamedMohamed Farah
 Great Britain
Athletics
2012–2016
Summer
M
4
0
0
4

Fuchs, JenőJenő Fuchs
 Hungary
Fencing
1908–1912
Summer
M
4
0
0
4

Icho, KaoriKaori Icho
 Japan
Wrestling
2004–2016
Summer
F
4
0
0
4

Johnson, MichaelMichael Johnson
 United States
Athletics
1992–2000
Summer
M
4
0
0
4

Korzeniowski, RobertRobert Korzeniowski
 Poland
Athletics
1996–2004
Summer
M
4
0
0
4

Kraenzlein, AlvinAlvin Kraenzlein
 United States
Athletics
1900
Summer
M
4
0
0
4

Krayzelburg, LennyLenny Krayzelburg
 United States
Swimming
2000–2004
Summer
M
4
0
0
4

Krovopuskov, ViktorViktor Krovopuskov
 Soviet Union
Fencing
1976–1980
Summer
M
4
0
0
4

Leslie, LisaLisa Leslie
 United States
Basketball
1996–2008
Summer
F
4
0
0
4

McCormick, PatPat McCormick
 United States
Diving
1952–1956
Summer
F
4
0
0
4

Oerter, AlAl Oerter
 United States
Athletics
1956–1968
Summer
M
4
0
0
4

Ouellette, CarolineCaroline Ouellette
 Canada
Ice hockey
2002–2014
Winter
F
4
0
0
4

Owens, JesseJesse Owens
 United States
Athletics
1936
Summer
M
4
0
0
4

Pavesi, CarloCarlo Pavesi
 Italy
Fencing
1952–1960
Summer
M
4
0
0
4

Pinsent, MatthewMatthew Pinsent
 Great Britain
Rowing
1992–2004
Summer
M
4
0
0
4

Radmilovic, PauloPaulo Radmilovic
 Great Britain
Water polo, Swimming
1908–1920
Summer
M
4
0
0
4

Saint Cyr, HenriHenri Saint Cyr
 Sweden
Equestrian
1952–1956
Summer
M
4
0
0
4

Salnikov, VladimirVladimir Salnikov
 Soviet Union
Swimming
1980–1988
Summer
M
4
0
0
4

Schuhmann, CarlCarl Schuhmann
 Germany
Gymnastics, Wrestling
1896
Summer
M
4
0
0
4

Taurasi, DianaDiana Taurasi
 United States
Basketball
2004–2016
Summer
F
4
0
0
4

Trott, LauraLaura Trott
 Great Britain
Cycling
2012–2016
Summer
F
4
0
0
4

Uphoff, NicoleNicole Uphoff
 West Germany
 Germany
Equestrian
1988–1992
Summer
F
4
0
0
4

Virén, LasseLasse Virén
 Finland
Athletics
1972–1976
Summer
M
4
0
0
4

Wassberg, ThomasThomas Wassberg
 Sweden
Cross-country skiing
1980–1988
Winter
M
4
0
0
4

Wendl, TobiasTobias Wendl
 Germany
Luge
2014–2018
Winter
M
4
0
0
4

Williams, SerenaSerena Williams
 United States
Tennis
2000–2012
Summer
F
4
0
0
4

Wöckel, BärbelBärbel Wöckel
 East Germany
Athletics
1976–1980
Summer
F
4
0
0
4

Yining, ZhangZhang Yining
 China
Table tennis
2004–2008
Summer
F
4
0
0
4

text: Timeline[edit]

text: This is a progressive list of Olympians that have held the record for most titles won. It includes titles won in 1896 and 1900, before gold medals were awarded for first place. All record-holders have competed at Summer Games rather than Winter Games.

text:
Gold medals
Date
Athlete
Nation
Sport
Record gold-medal event
Earlier gold-medal events
Gender

1[1]
1896-04-06
James Connolly
 United States
Athletics
Triple jump
—
M

Robert Garrett
 United States
Athletics
Discus
M

1896-04-07
Ellery Clark
 United States
Athletics
Long jump
M

Thomas Burke
 United States
Athletics
400 metres
M

2[1]
Robert Garrett
 United States
Athletics
Shot put
see above
M

1896-04-09
Edwin Flack
 Australia
Athletics
800 metres
1896 - 1
M

Fritz Hofmann, Konrad Böcker, Alfred Flatow, Gustav Flatow, Georg Hilmar, Fritz Manteuffel, Karl Neukirch, Richard Röstel, Gustav Schuft, Carl Schuhmann, Hermann Weingärtner
 Germany
Gymnastics
Team horizontal bar
1896 - 1
M

3[1]
Carl Schuhmann
 Germany
Gymnastics
Vault
see previous
M

Hermann Weingärtner
 Germany
Gymnastics
Horizontal bar
see above
M

1896-04-10
Alfred Flatow
 Germany
Gymnastics
Parallel bars
see above
M

4
1896-04-11[1]
Carl Schuhmann
 Germany
Wrestling
Greco-Roman
see above
M

1900-07-16
Alvin Kraenzlein
 United States
Athletics
200 metre hurdles
1900 - 1, 2, 3
M

1904-08-05
Marcus Hurley
 United States
Cycling
1 mile
1904 - 1, 2, 3
M

1904-08-29
Ray Ewry
 United States
Athletics
Standing long jump
1900 - 1, 2, 3
M

5
1904-08-31
Standing high jump

6
1904-09-03
Standing triple jump

7
1908-07-20
Athletics
Standing long jump

8
1908-07-23
Standing high jump

1924-07-13
Paavo Nurmi
 Finland
Athletics
Team cross-country
1920 - 1, 2, 3
1924 - 4, 5, 6, 7
M

9
1928-07-29
Athletics
10000 metres

1964-10-23
Larisa Latynina
 Soviet Union
Gymnastics
Floor exercise
1956 - 1, 2, 3, 4
1960 - 5, 6, 7
1964 - 8
F

1972-09-04
Mark Spitz
 United States
Swimming
4 × 100 metre medley relay
1968 - 1, 2
1972 - 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
M

1996-07-29
Carl Lewis
 United States
Athletics
Long jump
1984 - 1, 2, 3, 4
1988 - 5, 6
1992 - 7, 8
M

2008-08-12
Michael Phelps
 United States
Swimming
200 metre freestyle
2004 - 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
2008 - 7, 8
M

10
2008-08-13
200 metre butterfly

11
4 × 200 metre freestyle relay

12
2008-08-15
200 metre individual medley

13
2008-08-16
100 metre butterfly

14
2008-08-17
4 × 100 metre medley relay

15
2012-07-31
Swimming
4 × 200 metre freestyle relay

16
2012-08-02
200 metre individual medley

17
2012-08-03
100 metre butterfly

18
2012-08-04
4 × 100 metre medley relay

19
2016-08-07
Swimming
4 × 100 metre freestyle relay

20
2016-08-09
200 metre butterfly

21
4 × 200 metre freestyle relay

22
2016-08-11
200 metre individual medley

23
2016-08-13
4 × 100 metre medley relay

text: List of most career gold medals in individual events[edit]

text: This list currently includes all Olympians with three or more gold medals won as individuals (not as part of a team of two or more).

text:
No.
Athlete
Nation
Sport
Years
Games
Gender
Gold
Silver
Bronze
Total

1
Phelps, MichaelMichael Phelps
 United States
Swimming
2004–2016
Summer
M
13
2
1
16

2
Ewry, RayRay Ewry
 United States
Athletics
1900–1908
Summer
M
8
0
0
8

3
Čáslavská, VěraVěra Čáslavská
 Czechoslovakia
Gymnastics
1964–1968
Summer
F
7
1
0
8

Lewis, CarlCarl Lewis
 United States
Athletics
1984–1996
Summer
M
7
1
0
8

5
Latynina, LarisaLarisa Latynina
 Soviet Union
Gymnastics
1956–1964
Summer
F
6
5
3
14

6
Andrianov, NikolaiNikolai Andrianov
 Soviet Union
Gymnastics
1972–1980
Summer
M
6
3
3
12

7
Dæhlie, BjørnBjørn Dæhlie
 Norway
Cross-country skiing
1992–1998
Winter
M
6
3
0
9

Nurmi, PaavoPaavo Nurmi
 Finland
Athletics
1920–1928
Summer
M
6
3
0
9

9
Shakhlin, BorisBoris Shakhlin
 Soviet Union
Gymnastics
1956–1964
Summer
M
6
2
2
10

10
Bolt, UsainUsain Bolt
 Jamaica
Athletics
2008–2016
Summer
M
6
0
0
6

Skoblikova, LidiaLidia Skoblikova
 Soviet Union
Speed skating
1960–1964
Winter
F
6
0
0
6

12
Bjørgen, MaritMarit Bjørgen
 Norway
Cross-country skiing
2002–2018
Winter
F
5
3
2
10

13
Bjørndalen, Ole EinarOle Einar Bjørndalen
 Norway
Biathlon
1998–2014
Winter
M
5
3
1
9

Chukarin, ViktorViktor Chukarin
 Soviet Union
Gymnastics
1952–1956
Summer
M
5
3
1
9

Kato, SawaoSawao Kato
 Japan
Gymnastics
1968–1976
Summer
M
5
3
1
9

16
Comăneci, NadiaNadia Comăneci
 Romania
Gymnastics
1976–1980
Summer
F
5
1
1
7

Egerszegi, KrisztinaKrisztina Egerszegi
 Hungary
Swimming
1988–1996
Summer
F
5
1
1
7

Fredriksson, GertGert Fredriksson
 Sweden
Canoeing
1948–1960
Summer
M
5
1
1
7

Thunberg, ClasClas Thunberg
 Finland
Speed skating
1924–1928
Winter
M
5
1
1
7

20
Scherbo, VitalyVitaly Scherbo
 Unified Team
 Belarus
Gymnastics
1992–1996
Summer
M
5
0
4
9

21
Blair, BonnieBonnie Blair
 United States
Speed skating
1988–1994
Winter
F
5
0
1
6

22
Heiden, EricEric Heiden
 United States
Speed skating
1980
Winter
M
5
0
0
5

23
Wüst, IreenIreen Wüst
 Netherlands
Speed skating
2006–2018
Winter
F
4
4
1
9

24
Yegorova, LyubovLyubov Yegorova
 Unified Team
 Russia
Cross-country skiing
1992–1994
Winter
F
4
3
0
7

25
Aamodt, Kjetil AndréKjetil André Aamodt
 Norway
Alpine skiing
1992–2006
Winter
M
4
2
2
8

Nakayama, AkinoriAkinori Nakayama
 Japan
Gymnastics
1968–1972
Summer
M
4
2
2
8

Pechstein, ClaudiaClaudia Pechstein
 Germany
Speed skating
1992–2006
Winter
F
4
2
2
8

28
Ballangrud, IvarIvar Ballangrud
 Norway
Speed skating
1928–1936
Winter
M
4
2
1
7

29
Fourcade, MartinMartin Fourcade
 France
Biathlon
2010–2018
Winter
M
4
2
0
6

Jin Jong-oh
 South Korea
Shooting
2004–2016
Summer
M
4
2
0
6

Kostelić, JanicaJanica Kostelić
 Croatia
Alpine skiing
2002–2006
Winter
F
4
2
0
6

Van Innis, HubertHubert Van Innis
 Belgium
Archery
1900–1920
Summer
M
4
2
0
6

33
de Bruijn, IngeInge de Bruijn
 Netherlands
Swimming
2000–2004
Summer
F
4
1
1
6

Keleti, ÁgnesÁgnes Keleti
 Hungary
Gymnastics
1952–1956
Summer
F
4
1
1
6

Spitz, MarkMark Spitz
 United States
Swimming
1968–1972
Summer
M
4
1
1
6

van Moorsel, LeontienLeontien van Moorsel
 Netherlands
Cycling
2000–2004
Summer
F
4
1
1
6

37
Ainslie, BenBen Ainslie
 Great Britain
Sailing
1996–2012
Summer
M
4
1
0
5

Evans, JanetJanet Evans
 United States
Swimming
1988–1992
Summer
F
4
1
0
5

Grishin, YevgenyYevgeny Grishin
 Soviet Union
Speed skating
1956–1964
Winter
M
4
1
0
5

Heida, AntonAnton Heida
 United States
Gymnastics
1904
Summer
M
4
1
0
5

Klochkova, YanaYana Klochkova
 Ukraine
Swimming
2000–2004
Summer
F
4
1
0
5

Koss, Johann OlavJohann Olav Koss
 Norway
Speed skating
1992–1994
Winter
M
4
1
0
5

Louganis, GregGreg Louganis
 United States
Diving
1976–1988
Summer
M
4
1
0
5

Popov, AlexanderAlexander Popov
 Unified Team
 Russia
Swimming
1992–2000
Summer
M
4
1
0
5

Zátopek, EmilEmil Zátopek
 Czechoslovakia
Athletics
1948–1952
Summer
M
4
1
0
5

46
Ahn Hyun-Soo
Viktor Ahn
 South Korea
 Russia
Short track speed skating
2006–2014
Winter
M
4
0
2
6

47
Hurley, MarcusMarcus Hurley
 United States
Cycling
1904
Summer
M
4
0
1
5

Matthes, RolandRoland Matthes
 East Germany
Swimming
1968–1976
Summer
M
4
0
1
5

49
Ammann, SimonSimon Ammann
 Switzerland
Ski jumping
2002–2010
Winter
M
4
0
0
4

Cologna, DarioDario Cologna
 Switzerland
Cross-country skiing
2010–2018
Winter
M
4
0
0
4

Darnyi, TamásTamás Darnyi
 Hungary
Swimming
1988–1992
Summer
M
4
0
0
4

Elvstrøm, Paul BertPaul Bert Elvstrøm
 Denmark
Sailing
1948–1960
Summer
M
4
0
0
4

Farah, MohamedMohamed Farah
 Great Britain
Athletics
2012–2016
Summer
M
4
0
0
4

Fu Mingxia
 China
Diving
1992–2000
Summer
F
4
0
0
4

Hoy, ChrisChris Hoy
 Great Britain
Cycling
2004–2012
Summer
M
4
0
0
4

Icho, KaoriKaori Icho
 Japan
Wrestling
2004–2016
Summer
F
4
0
0
4

Kitajima, KosukeKosuke Kitajima
 Japan
Swimming
2004–2008
Summer
M
4
0
0
4

Kolehmainen, HannesHannes Kolehmainen
 Finland
Athletics
1912–1920
Summer
M
4
0
0
4

Korzeniowski, RobertRobert Korzeniowski
 Poland
Athletics
1996–2004
Summer
M
4
0
0
4

Kraenzlein, AlvinAlvin Kraenzlein
 United States
Athletics
1900
Summer
M
4
0
0
4

Ledecky, KatieKatie Ledecky
 United States
Swimming
2012–2016
Summer
F
4
0
0
4

McCormick, PatPat McCormick
 United States
Diving
1952–1956
Summer
F
4
0
0
4

Oerter, AlAl Oerter
 United States
Athletics
1956–1968
Summer
M
4
0
0
4

Otto, KristinKristin Otto
 East Germany
Swimming
1988
Summer
F
4
0
0
4

Virén, LasseLasse Virén
 Finland
Athletics
1972–1976
Summer
M
4
0
0
4

66
Enke, KarinKarin Enke
 East Germany
Speed skating
1980–1988
Winter
F
3
4
1
8

Niemann-Stirnemann, GundaGunda Niemann-Stirnemann
 Germany
Speed skating
1992–1998
Winter
F
3
4
1
8

68
Ono, TakashiTakashi Ono
 Japan
Gymnastics
1952–1960
Summer
M
3
3
4
10

69
Jernberg, SixtenSixten Jernberg
 Sweden
Cross-country skiing
1956–1964
Winter
M
3
3
1
7

70
Kuzmina, AnastasiyaAnastasiya Kuzmina
 Slovakia
Biathlon
2010–2018
Winter
F
3
3
0
6

Ritola, VilleVille Ritola
 Finland
Athletics
1924–1928
Summer
M
3
3
0
6

72
Nemov, AlexeiAlexei Nemov
 Russia
Gymnastics
1996–2000
Summer
M
3
2
5
10

73
Eyser, GeorgeGeorge Eyser
 United States
Gymnastics
1904
Summer
M
3
2
1
6

Holmann, KnutKnut Holmann
 Norway
Canoeing
1992–2000
Summer
M
3
2
1
6

Rose, RalphRalph Rose
 United States
Athletics
1904–1912
Summer
M
3
2
1
6

Sáblíková, MartinaMartina Sáblíková
 Czech Republic
Speed skating
2010–2018
Winter
F
3
2
1
6

77
Dibiasi, KlausKlaus Dibiasi
 Italy
Diving
1964–1976
Summer
M
3
2
0
5

Hackl, GeorgGeorg Hackl
 West Germany
 Germany
Luge
1988–2002
Winter
M
3
2
0
5

Kramer, SvenSven Kramer
 Netherlands
Speed skating
2006–2018
Winter
M
3
2
0
5

Miez, GeorgesGeorges Miez
 Switzerland
Gymnastics
1928–1936
Summer
M
3
2
0
5

Peirsol, AaronAaron Peirsol
 United States
Swimming
2000–2008
Summer
M
3
2
0
5

Schumann, RalfRalf Schumann
 East Germany
 Germany
Shooting
1988–2008
Summer
M
3
2
0
5

Yang, SunSun Yang
 China
Swimming
2012–2016
Summer
M
3
2
0
5

Tomba, AlbertoAlberto Tomba
 Italy
Alpine skiing
1988–1994
Winter
M
3
2
0
5

85
Grøttumsbråten, JohanJohan Grøttumsbråten
 Norway
Nordic combined, Cross-country skiing
1924–1932
Winter
M
3
1
2
6

Joyner-Kersee, JackieJackie Joyner-Kersee
 United States
Athletics
1984–1996
Summer
F
3
1
2
6

Rhode, KimKim Rhode
 United States
Shooting
1996–2016
Summer
F
3
1
2
6

88
Daniels, CharlesCharles Daniels
 United States
Swimming
1904–1908
Summer
M
3
1
1
5

Domracheva, DaryaDarya Domracheva
 Belarus
Biathlon
2010–2018
Winter
F
3
1
1
5

Gould, ShaneShane Gould
 Australia
Swimming
1972
Summer
F
3
1
1
5

Li Ning
 China
Gymnastics
1984
Summer
M
3
1
1
5

Schneider, VreniVreni Schneider
 Switzerland
Alpine skiing
1988–1994
Winter
F
3
1
1
5

Silivaş, DanielaDaniela Silivaş
 Romania
Gymnastics
1988
Summer
F
3
1
1
5

Štukelj, LeonLeon Štukelj
 Yugoslavia
Gymnastics
1924–1936
Summer
M
3
1
1
5

Thorpe, IanIan Thorpe
 Australia
Swimming
2000–2004
Summer
M
3
1
1
5

van den Hoogenband, PieterPieter van den Hoogenband
 Netherlands
Swimming
2000–2004
Summer
M
3
1
1
5

Vezzali, ValentinaValentina Vezzali
 Italy
Fencing
1996–2012
Summer
F
3
1
1
5

Wang Meng
 China
Short track speed skating
2006–2010
Winter
F
3
1
1
5

99
Artemov, VladimirVladimir Artemov
 Soviet Union
Gymnastics
1988
Summer
M
3
1
0
4

Bekele, KenenisaKenenisa Bekele
 Ethiopia
Athletics
2004–2008
Summer
M
3
1
0
4

Campriani, NiccolòNiccolò Campriani
 Italy
Shooting
2012–2016
Summer
M
3
1
0
4

Compagnoni, DeborahDeborah Compagnoni
 Italy
Alpine skiing
1992–1998
Winter
F
3
1
0
4

Ender, KorneliaKornelia Ender
 East Germany
Swimming
1972–1976
Summer
F
3
1
0
4

Flanagan, JohnJohn Flanagan
 United States
Athletics
1900–1908
Summer
M
3
1
0
4

Fonst, RamónRamón Fonst
 Cuba
Fencing
1900–1904
Summer
M
3
1
0
4

Fraser, DawnDawn Fraser
 Australia
Swimming
1956–1964
Summer
F
3
1
0
4

Grafström, GillisGillis Grafström
 Sweden
Figure skating
1920–1932
Both
M
3
1
0
4

Groß, MichaelMichael Groß
 West Germany
Swimming
1984–1988
Summer
M
3
1
0
4

Gustafson, TomasTomas Gustafson
 Sweden
Speed skating
1984–1988
Winter
M
3
1
0
4

Hillman, HarryHarry Hillman
 United States
Athletics
1904–1908
Summer
M
3
1
0
4

Höfl-Riesch, MariaMaria Höfl-Riesch
 Germany
Alpine skiing
2010–2014
Winter
F
3
1
0
4

Hosszú, KatinkaKatinka Hosszú
 Hungary
Swimming
2016
Summer
F
3
1
0
4

Karelin, AlexanderAlexander Karelin
 Soviet Union
 Unified Team
 Russia
Wrestling
1988–2000
Summer
M
3
1
0
4

Kenny, JasonJason Kenny
 Great Britain
Cycling
2008–2016
Summer
M
3
1
0
4

Kim, NellieNellie Kim
 Soviet Union
Gymnastics
1976–1980
Summer
F
3
1
0
4

Krämer, IngridIngrid Krämer
 United Team of Germany
Diving
1960–1964
Summer
F
3
1
0
4

Nykänen, MattiMatti Nykänen
 Finland
Ski jumping
1984–1988
Winter
M
3
1
0
4

Press, TamaraTamara Press
 Soviet Union
Athletics
1960–1964
Summer
F
3
1
0
4

Prinstein, MyerMyer Prinstein
 United States
Athletics
1900–1904
Summer
M
3
1
0
4

Rose, MurrayMurray Rose
 Australia
Swimming
1956–1960
Summer
M
3
1
0
4

Saneyev, ViktorViktor Saneyev
 Soviet Union
Athletics
1968–1980
Summer
M
3
1
0
4

Schenk, ArdArd Schenk
 Netherlands
Speed skating
1968–1972
Winter
M
3
1
0
4

Szabo, EcaterinaEcaterina Szabo
 Romania
Gymnastics
1984
Summer
F
3
1
0
4

van Grunsven, AnkyAnky van Grunsven
 Netherlands
Equestrian
1996–2008
Summer
F
3
1
0
4

Yoshida, SaoriSaori Yoshida
 Japan
Wrestling
2004–2016
Summer
F
3
1
0
4

Zelezny, JanJan Železný
 Czechoslovakia
 Czech Republic
Athletics
1988–2000
Summer
M
3
1
0
4

127
Dibaba, TiruneshTirunesh Dibaba
 Ethiopia
Athletics
2004–2016
Summer
F
3
0
3
6

128
Kirvesniemi, Marja-LiisaMarja-Liisa Kirvesniemi
 Finland
Cross-country skiing
1984–1994
Winter
F
3
0
2
5

Seizinger, KatjaKatja Seizinger
 Germany
Alpine skiing
1992–1998
Winter
F
3
0
2
5

130
Biles, SimoneSimone Biles
 United States
Gymnastics
2016
Summer
F
3
0
1
4

Dimas, PyrrosPyrros Dimas
 Greece
Weightlifting
1992–2004
Summer
M
3
0
1
4

Frigerio, UgoUgo Frigerio
 Italy
Athletics
1920–1932
Summer
M
3
0
1
4

Sheridan, MartinMartin Sheridan
 United States
Athletics
1904–1908
Summer
M
3
0
1
4

Smith, MichelleMichelle Smith
 Ireland
Swimming
1996
Summer
F
3
0
1
4

Zou Kai
 China
Gymnastics
2008–2012
Summer
M
3
0
1
4

136
Alsgaard, ThomasThomas Alsgaard
 Norway
Cross-country skiing
1994–2002
Winter
M
3
0
0
3

Andersen, HjalmarHjalmar Andersen
 Norway
Speed skating
1952
Winter
M
3
0
0
3

Armstrong, KristinKristin Armstrong
 United States
Cycling
2008–2016
Summer
F
3
0
0
3

Ballanger, FéliciaFélicia Ballanger
 France
Cycling
1996–2000
Summer
F
3
0
0
3

Bennett, BrookeBrooke Bennett
 United States
Swimming
1996–2000
Summer
F
3
0
0
3

Blankers-Koen, FannyFanny Blankers-Koen
 Netherlands
Athletics
1948
Summer
F
3
0
0
3

Burton, MikeMike Burton
 United States
Swimming
1968–1972
Summer
M
3
0
0
3

Cuthbert, BettyBetty Cuthbert
 Australia
Athletics
1956–1964
Summer
F
3
0
0
3

Estanguet, TonyTony Estanguet
 France
Canoeing
2000–2012
Summer
M
3
0
0
3

Hahn, ArchieArchie Hahn
 United States
Athletics
1904
Summer
M
3
0
0
3

Haug, ThorleifThorleif Haug
 Norway
Cross-country skiing
1924
Winter
M
3
0
0
3

Henie, SonjaSonja Henie
 Norway
Figure skating
1928–1936
Winter
F
3
0
0
3

Houser, BudBud Houser
 United States
Athletics
1924–1928
Summer
M
3
0
0
3

Ivanov, VyacheslavVyacheslav Ivanov
 Soviet Union
Rowing
1956–1964
Summer
M
3
0
0
3

Johansson, IvarIvar Johansson
 Sweden
Wrestling
1932–1936
Summer
M
3
0
0
3

Johnson, MichaelMichael Johnson
 United States
Athletics
1992–2000
Summer
M
3
0
0
3

Kakhiashvili, KakhiKakhi Kakhiashvili
Kakiasvilis, AkakiosAkakios Kakiasvilis
 Unified Team
 Greece
Weightlifting
1992–2000
Summer
M
3
0
0
3

Karppinen, PerttiPertti Karppinen
 Finland
Rowing
1976–1984
Summer
M
3
0
0
3

Kazankina, TatyanaTatyana Kazankina
 Soviet Union
Athletics
1976–1980
Summer
F
3
0
0
3

Killy, Jean-ClaudeJean-Claude Killy
 France
Alpine skiing
1968
Winter
M
3
0
0
3

Lemming, EricEric Lemming
 Sweden
Athletics
1908–1912
Summer
M
3
0
0
3

Lightbody, JamesJames Lightbody
 United States
Athletics
1904
Summer
M
3
0
0
3

López, MijaínMijaín López
 Cuba
Wrestling
2008–2016
Summer
M
3
0
0
3

Masson, PaulPaul Masson
 France
Cycling
1896
Summer
M
3
0
0
3

Medved, AlexanderAlexander Medved
 Soviet Union
Wrestling
1964–1972
Summer
M
3
0
0
3

Meyer, DebbieDebbie Meyer
 United States
Swimming
1968
Summer
F
3
0
0
3

Mutlu, HalilHalil Mutlu
 Turkey
Weightlifting
1996–2004
Summer
M
3
0
0
3

Nadi, NedoNedo Nadi
 Italy
Fencing
1912–1920
Summer
M
3
0
0
3

Nomura, TadahiroTadahiro Nomura
 Japan
Judo
1996–2004
Summer
M
3
0
0
3

Owens, JesseJesse Owens
 United States
Athletics
1936
Summer
M
3
0
0
3

Papp, LászlóLászló Papp
 Hungary
Boxing
1948–1956
Summer
M
3
0
0
3

Pérec, Marie-JoséMarie-José Pérec
 France
Athletics
1992–1996
Summer
F
3
0
0
3

Sailer, ToniToni Sailer
 Austria
Alpine skiing
1956
Winter
M
3
0
0
3

Saitiev, BuvaisarBuvaisar Saitiev
 Russia
Wrestling
1996–2008
Summer
M
3
0
0
3

Salnikov, VladimirVladimir Salnikov
 Soviet Union
Swimming
1980–1988
Summer
M
3
0
0
3

Savón, FélixFélix Savón
 Cuba
Boxing
1992–2000
Summer
M
3
0
0
3

Snell, PeterPeter Snell
 New Zealand
Athletics
1960–1964
Summer
M
3
0
0
3

Stevenson, TeófiloTeófilo Stevenson
 Cuba
Boxing
1972–1980
Summer
M
3
0
0
3

Stoch, KamilKamil Stoch
 Poland
Ski jumping
2014–2018
Winter
M
3
0
0
3

Süleymanoğlu, NaimNaim Süleymanoğlu
 Turkey
Weightlifting
1988–1996
Summer
M
3
0
0
3

Timmer, MarianneMarianne Timmer
 Netherlands
Speed skating
1998–2006
Winter
F
3
0
0
3

van Gennip, YvonneYvonne van Gennip
 Netherlands
Speed skating
1988
Winter
F
3
0
0
3

Wehling, UlrichUlrich Wehling
 East Germany
Nordic combined
1972–1980
Winter
M
3
0
0
3

Weissmuller, JohnnyJohnny Weissmuller
 United States
Swimming
1924–1928
Summer
M
3
0
0
3

Westergren, CarlCarl Westergren
 Sweden
Wrestling
1920–1932
Summer
M
3
0
0
3

White, ShaunShaun White
 United States
Snowboarding
2006–2018
Winter
M
3
0
0
3

Wiggins, BradleyBradley Wiggins
 Great Britain
Cycling
2004–2012
Summer
M
3
0
0
3

Zimyatov, NikolayNikolay Zimyatov
 Soviet Union
Cross-country skiing
1980–1984
Winter
M
3
0
0
3


document_title: United States congressional delegations from Florida

question_text: who was the first territorial delegate to congress from florida

text: House of Representatives[edit]

text: Current Representatives[edit]

text: List of members of the Floridian United States House delegation, their terms in office, district boundaries, and the district political ratings according to the CPVI. The delegation has a total of 27 members, including 16 Republicans and 11 Democrats.

text:
District
Representative
Party
CPVI
Incumbent time in office
District map

1st
 Matt Gaetz (R-Fort Walton Beach)
Republican
R+22
January 3, 2017 – present

2nd
 Neal Dunn (R-Panama City)
Republican
R+18
January 3, 2017 – present

3rd
 Ted Yoho (R-Gainesville)
Republican
R+9
January 3, 2013 – present

4th
 John Rutherford (R-Jacksonville)
Republican
R+17
January 3, 2017 – present

5th
 Al Lawson (D-Tallahassee)
Democratic
D+12
January 3, 2017 – present

6th
 Ron DeSantis (R-Ponte Vedra Beach)
Republican
R+7
January 3, 2013 – present

7th
 Stephanie Murphy (D-Winter Park)
Democratic
EVEN
January 3, 2017 – present

8th
 Bill Posey (R-Rockledge)
Republican
R+11
January 3, 2009 – present

9th
 Darren Soto (D-Orlando)
Democratic
D+5
January 3, 2017 – present

10th
 Val Demings (D-Orlando)
Democratic
D+11
January 3, 2017 – present

11th
 Daniel Webster (R-Orlando)
Republican
R+15
January 3, 2011 – present

12th
 Gus Bilirakis (R-Palm Harbor)
Republican
R+8
January 3, 2007 – present

13th
 Charlie Crist (D-St. Petersburg)
Democratic
D+2
January 3, 2017 – present

14th
 Kathy Castor (D-Tampa)
Democratic
D+7
January 3, 2007 – present

15th
 Dennis A. Ross (R-Lakeland)
Republican
R+6
January 3, 2011 – present

16th
 Vern Buchanan (R-Longboat Key)
Republican
R+7
January 3, 2007 – present

17th
 Tom Rooney (R-Okeechobee)
Republican
R+13
January 3, 2009 – present

18th
 Brian Mast (R-Hutchinson Island)
Republican
R+5
January 3, 2017 – present

19th
 Francis Rooney (R-Naples)
Republican
R+13
January 3, 2017 – present

20th
 Alcee Hastings (D-Miramar)
Democratic
D+31
January 3, 1993 – present

21st
 Lois Frankel (D-West Palm Beach)
Democratic
D+9
January 3, 2013 – present

22nd
 Ted Deutch (D-Boca Raton)
Democratic
D+6
April 13, 2010 – present

23rd
 Debbie Wasserman Schultz(D-Weston)
Democratic
D+11
January 3, 2005 – present

24th
 Frederica Wilson (D-Miami Gardens)
Democratic
D+34
January 3, 2011 – present

25th
 Mario Diaz-Balart (R-Miami)
Republican
R+4
January 3, 2003 – present

26th
 Carlos Curbelo (R-Kendall)
Republican
D+6
January 3, 2015 – present

27th
 Ileana Ros-Lehtinen (R-Miami)
Republican
D+5
August 29, 1989 – present

text: Delegation timeline (1822 – Present)[edit]

text: Tables showing membership in the Florida federal House delegation throughout history of statehood in the United States.

text: 1822 – 1845: 1 non-voting delegate from Florida Territory[edit]

text:
Congress
Delegate

17th
(1821–1823)
Joseph Marion Hernández

18th
(1823–1825)
Richard Keith Call

19th
(1825–1827)
Joseph M. White

20th
(1827–1829)

21st
(1829–1831)

22nd
(1831–1833)

23rd
(1833–1835)

24th
(1835–1837)

25th
(1837–1839)
Charles Downing

26th
(1839–1841)

27th
(1841–1843)
David Levy Yulee
(D)

28th
(1843–1845)

text: 1845 – 1873: 1 seat[edit]

text: Until 1873, Florida had one seat, elected at-large statewide.

text:
Congress
At-large seat

29th
(1845–1847)

Edward C. Cabell
(W)

William H. Brockenbrough
(D)

30th
(1847–1849)
Edward C. Cabell
(W)

31st
(1849–1851)

32nd
(1851–1853)

33rd
(1853–1855)
Augustus Maxwell
(D)

34th
(1855–1857)

35th
(1857–1859)
George S. Hawkins
(D)

36th
(1859–1861)

American Civil War

37th
(1861–1863)

38th
(1863–1865)

39th
(1865–1867)

40th
(1867–1869)

Charles M. Hamilton
(R)

41st
(1869–1871)

42nd
(1871–1873)

Josiah T. Walls
(R)

Silas L. Niblack
(D)

text: 1873 – 1903: 2 seats[edit]

text: Following the 1870 census, Florida was reapportioned a second seat.

text:
Congress
Elected state-wide At-large on a general ticket

1st seat
2nd seat

43rd
(1873–1875)
William J. Purman
(R)
Josiah T. Walls
(R)

District

1st
2nd

44th
(1875–1877)

William J. Purman
(R)
Josiah T. Walls
(R)

Jesse J. Finley
(D)

45th
(1877–1879)

Robert H. M. Davidson
(D)
Horatio Bisbee, Jr.
(R)

Jesse J. Finley

46th
(1879–1881)

Noble A. Hull
(D)

Horatio Bisbee, Jr.
(R)

47th
(1881–1883)

Jesse J. Finley
(D)

Horatio Bisbee, Jr.
(R)

48th
(1883–1885)

49th
(1885–1887)
Charles Dougherty
(D)

50th
(1887–1889)

51st
(1889–1891)
Robert Bullock
(D)

52nd
(1891–1893)
Stephen R. Mallory, Jr.
(D)

53rd
(1893–1895)
Charles Merian Cooper
(D)

54th
(1895–1897)
Stephen M. Sparkman
(D)

55th
(1897–1899)
Robert Wyche Davis
(D)

56th
(1899–1901)

57th
(1901–1903)

text: 1903 – 1913: 3 seats[edit]

text: Following the 1900 census, Florida gained a seat in reapportionment.

text:
Congress
District

1st
2nd
3rd

58th
(1903–1905)
Stephen M. Sparkman
(D)
Robert Wyche Davis
(D)
William B. Lamar
(D)

59th
(1905–1907)
Frank Clark
(D)

60th
(1907–1909)

61st
(1909–1911)
Dannite H. Mays
(D)

62nd
(1911–1913)

text: 1913 – 1933: 4 seats[edit]

text: Following the 1910 census, Florida gained a seat in reapportionment. From 1913 to 1915 only, an at-large seat was created. Starting in 1915, however, four districts were used.

text:
Congress
District
At-large seat

1st
2nd
3rd

63rd
(1913–1915)
Stephen M. Sparkman
(D)
Frank Clark
(D)
Emmett Wilson
(D)
Claude L'Engle
(D)

4th district

64th
(1915–1917)
William J. Sears
(D)

65th
(1917–1919)
Herbert J. Drane
(D)
Walter Kehoe
(D)

66th
(1919–1921)
John H. Smithwick
(D)

67th
(1921–1923)

68th
(1923–1925)

69th
(1925–1927)
Robert A. Green
(D)

70th
(1927–1929)
Tom A. Yon
(D)

71st
(1929–1931)
Ruth B. Owen
(D)

72nd
(1931–1933)

text: 1933 – 1943: 5 seats[edit]

text: Following the 1930 census, Florida gained a seat in reapportionment. From 1933 to 1937 only, an at-large seat was created. Starting in 1937, however, five districts were used.

text:
Congress
District
At-large seat

1st
2nd
3rd
4th

73rd
(1933–1935)
J. Hardin Peterson
(D)
Robert A. Green
(D)
Millard F. Caldwell
(D)
J. Mark Wilcox
(D)
William J. Sears
(D)

74th
(1935–1937)

5th district

75th
(1937–1939)
Joe Hendricks
(D)

76th
(1939–1941)
Pat Cannon
(D)

77th
(1941–1943)
Robert L. F. Sikes
(D)

text: 1943 – 1953: 6 seats[edit]

text: Following the 1940 census, Florida gained a seat in reapportionment. From 1943 to 1945 only, an at-large seat was created. Starting in 1945, however, six districts were used.

text:
Congress
District
At-large seat

1st
2nd
3rd
4th
5th

78th
(1943–1945)
J. Hardin Peterson
(D)
Emory H. Price
(D)
Robert L. F. Sikes
(D)
Pat Cannon
(D)
Joe Hendricks
(D)
Robert A. Green
(D)

6th district

79th
(1945–1947)
Dwight L. Rogers
(D)

80th
(1947–1949)
George A. Smathers
(D)

81st
(1949–1951)
Charles E. Bennett
(D)
Albert S. Herlong, Jr.
(D)

82nd
(1951–1953)
Chester B. McMullen
(D)
William C. Lantaff
(D)

text: 1953 – 1963: 8 seats[edit]

text: Following the 1950 census, Florida gained two seats in reapportionment.

text:
Congress
District

1st
2nd
3rd
4th
5th
6th
7th
8th

83rd
(1953–1955)
Courtney W. Campbell
(D)
Charles E. Bennett
(D)
Robert L. F. Sikes
(D)
William C. Lantaff
(D)
Albert S. Herlong, Jr.
(D)
Dwight L. Rogers
(D)
James A. Haley
(D)
Donald Ray Matthews
(D)

84th
(1955–1957)
William C. Cramer
(R)
Dante B. Fascell
(D)
Paul G. Rogers
(D)

85th
(1957–1959)

86th
(1959–1961)

87th
(1961–1963)

text: 1963 – 1973: 12 seats[edit]

text: Following the 1960 census, Florida gained four seats in reapportionment.

text:
Congress
District

District

1st
2nd
3rd
4th
5th
6th
7th
8th
9th
10th
11th
12th

88th
(1963–1965)
Robert L. F. Sikes
(D)
Charles E. Bennett
(D)
Claude Pepper
(D)
Dante B. Fascell
(D)
Albert S. Herlong, Jr.
(D)
Paul G. Rogers
(D)
James A. Haley
(D)
Donald Ray Matthews
(D)
Don Fuqua
(D)
Sam M. Gibbons
(D)
Edward J. Gurney
(R)
William C. Cramer
(R)

89th
(1965–1967)

90th
(1967–1969)
Don Fuqua
(D)
Charles E. Bennett
(D)
Albert S. Herlong, Jr.
(D)
Edward J. Gurney
(R)
Sam M. Gibbons
(D)
William C. Cramer
(R)
Paul G. Rogers
(D)
J. Herbert Burke
(R)
Claude Pepper
(D)
Dante B. Fascell
(D)

91st
(1969–1971)
William V. Chappell, Jr.
(D)
Louis Frey, Jr.
(R)

92nd
(1971–1973)
Bill Young
(R)

text: 1973 – 1983: 15 seats[edit]

text: Following the 1970 census, Florida gained three seats in reapportionment.

text:
Congress
District

District

1st
2nd
3rd
4th
5th
6th
7th
8th
9th
10th
11th
12th
13th
14th
15th

93rd
(1973–1975)
Robert L. F. Sikes
(D)
Don Fuqua
(D)
Charles E. Bennett
(D)
William V. Chappell, Jr.
(D)
William D. Gunter, Jr.
(D)
Bill Young
(R)
Sam M. Gibbons
(D)
James A. Haley
(D)
Louis Frey, Jr.
(R)
Louis A. Bafalis
(R)
Paul G. Rogers
(D)
J. Herbert Burke
(R)
William Lehman
(D)
Claude Pepper
(D)
Dante B. Fascell
(D)

94th
(1975–1977)
Richard Kelly
(R)

95th
(1977–1979)
Andy Ireland
(D)

96th
(1979–1981)
Earl Hutto
(D)
Bill Nelson
(D)
Daniel A. Mica
(D)
Edward J. Stack
(D)

97th
(1981–1983)
Bill McCollum
(R)
E. Clay Shaw, Jr.
(R)

text: 1983 – 1993: 19 seats[edit]

text: Following the 1980 census, Florida gained four seats in reapportionment.

text:
Congress
District

District

1st
2nd
3rd
4th
5th
6th
7th
8th
9th
10th
11th
12th
13th
14th
15th
16th
17th
18th
19th

98th
(1983–1985)
Earl Hutto
(D)
Don Fuqua
(D)
Charles E. Bennett
(D)
William V. Chappell, Jr.
(D)
Bill McCollum
(R)
Buddy Mackay, Jr.
(D)
Sam M. Gibbons
(D)
Bill Young
(R)
Michael Bilirakis
(R)
Andy Ireland
(D)
Bill Nelson
(D)
Tom Lewis
(R)
Connie Mack
(R)
Daniel A. Mica
(D)
E. Clay Shaw, Jr.
(R)
Lawrence J. Smith
(D)
William Lehman
(D)
Claude Pepper
(D)
Dante B. Fascell
(D)

99th
(1985–1987)
Andy Ireland
(R)

100th
(1987–1989)
James W. Grant
(D)

101st
(1989–1991)

Craig T. James
(R)
Cliff Stearns
(R)
Porter J. Goss
(R)
Harry Johnston
(D)

James W. Grant
(R)
Ileana Ros-Lehtinen
(R)

102nd
(1991–1993)
Pete Peterson
(D)
Jim Bacchus
(D)

text: 1993 – 2003: 23 seats[edit]

text: Following the 1990 census, Florida gained four seats in reapportionment.

text:
Congress
District

District

District

1st
2nd
3rd
4th
5th
6th
7th
8th
9th
10th
11th
12th
13th
14th
15th
16th
17th
18th
19th
20th
21st
22nd
23rd

103rd
(1993–1995)
Earl Hutto
(D)
Pete Peterson
(D)
Corrine Brown
(D)
Tillie K. Fowler
(R)
Karen Thurman
(D)
Cliff Stearns
(R)
John L. Mica
(R)
Bill McCollum
(R)
Michael Bilirakis
(R)
Bill Young
(R)
Sam M. Gibbons
(D)
Charles T. Canady
(R)
Dan Miller
(R)
Porter J. Goss
(R)
Jim Bacchus
(D)
Tom Lewis
(R)
Carrie P. Meek
(D)
Ileana Ros-Lehtinen
(R)
Harry Johnston
(D)
Peter Deutsch
(D)
Lincoln Diaz-Balart
(R)
E. Clay Shaw, Jr.
(R)
Alcee Hastings
(D)

104th
(1995–1997)
Joe Scarborough[1]
(R)
Dave Weldon
(R)
Mark Foley
(R)

105th
(1997–1999)
Allen Boyd
(D)
Jim Davis
(D)
Robert Wexler
(D)

106th
(1999–2001)

107th
(2001–2003)

Ander Crenshaw
(R)
Ric Keller
(R)
Adam H. Putnam
(R)

Jeff Miller
(R)

text: 2003 – 2013: 25 seats[edit]

text: Following the 2000 census, Florida gained two seats in reapportionment.

text:
Congress
District

District

District

1st
2nd
3rd
4th
5th
6th
7th
8th
9th
10th
11th
12th
13th
14th
15th
16th
17th
18th
19th
20th
21st
22nd
23rd
24th
25th

108th
(2003–2005)
Jeff Miller
(R)
Allen Boyd
(D)
Corrine Brown
(D)
Ander Crenshaw
(R)
Ginny Brown-Waite
(R)
Cliff Stearns
(R)
John L. Mica
(R)
Ric Keller
(R)
Michael Bilirakis
(R)
Bill Young
(R)
Jim Davis
(D)
Adam H. Putnam
(R)
Katherine Harris
(R)
Porter J. Goss
(R)
Dave Weldon
(R)
Mark Foley
(R)
Kendrick B. Meek
(D)
Ileana Ros-Lehtinen
(R)
Robert Wexler
(D)
Peter Deutsch
(D)
Lincoln Diaz-Balart
(R)
E. Clay Shaw, Jr.
(R)
Alcee Hastings
(D)
Tom Feeney
(R)
Mario Diaz-Balart
(R)

109th
(2005–2007)
Connie Mack IV
(R)
Debbie Wasserman Schultz
(D)

110th
(2007–2009)
Gus Bilirakis
(R)
Katherine Castor
(D)
Vern Buchanan
(R)
Tim Mahoney
(D)
Ron Klein
(D)

111th
(2009–2011)
Alan Grayson
(D)
Bill Posey
(R)
Tom Rooney
(R)
Suzanne Kosmas
(D)

112th
(2011–2013)
Steve Southerland
(R)
Rich Nugent
(R)
Daniel Webster
(R)
Dennis Ross
(R)
Frederica Wilson
(D)
Ted Deutch
(D)
Mario Diaz-Balart
(R)
Allen West
(R)
Sandra Adams
(R)
David Rivera
(R)

text: 2013 – Present : 27 seats[edit]

text: Following the 2010 census, Florida gained two more seats in reapportionment, which were redistricted for the 113th Congress starting in 2013.

text:
Congress
District

District

District

1st
2nd
3rd
4th
5th
6th
7th
8th
9th
10th
11th
12th
13th
14th
15th
16th
17th
18th
19th
20th
21st
22nd
23rd
24th
25th
26th
27th

113th
(2013–2015)

Jeff Miller
(R)
Steve Southerland
(R)
Ted Yoho
(R)
Ander Crenshaw
(R)
Corrine Brown
(D)
Ron DeSantis
(R)
John Mica
(R)
Bill Posey
(R)
Alan Grayson
(D)
Daniel Webster
(R)
Rich Nugent
(R)
Gus Bilirakis
(R)
Bill Young[2]
(R)
Kathy Castor
(D)
Dennis Ross
(R)
Vern Buchanan
(R)
Tom Rooney
(R)
Patrick Murphy
(D)
Trey Radel[1]
(R)
Alcee Hastings
(D)
Ted Deutch
(D)
Lois Frankel
(D)
Debbie Wasserman-Schultz
(D)
Frederica Wilson
(D)
Mario Diaz-Balart
(R)
Joe Garcia
(D)
Ileana Ros-Lehtinen
(R)

David Jolly
(R)
Curt Clawson
(R)

114th
(2015–2017)

Gwen Graham
(D)
Carlos Curbelo
(R)

115th
(2017–2019)

Matt Gaetz
(R)
Neal Dunn
(R)
John Rutherford
(R)
Al Lawson
(D)
Stephanie Murphy
(D)
Darren Soto
(D)
Val Demings
(D)
Daniel Webster
(R)
Charlie Crist
(D)
Brian Mast
(R)
Francis Rooney
(R)

text: Key[edit]

text:
Key to party colors and abbreviations for members of the U.S. Congress

American (Know Nothing) (K-N)

Adams (A),
Anti-Jacksonian (Anti-J),
National Republican (NR)

Anti-Administration (Anti-Admin)

Anti-Masonic (Anti-M)

Conservative (Con)

Democratic (D)

Dixiecrat (Dix),
States' rights (SR)

Democratic-Republican (D-R)

Farmer–Labor (FL)

Federalist (F)

Free Soil (FS)

Free Silver (FSv)

Fusion (FU)

Greenback (GB)

Jacksonian (J)

Nonpartisan League (NPL)

Nullifier (N)

Opposition (O)

Populist (Pop)

Pro-Administration (Pro-Admin)

Progressive (Prog)

Prohibition (Proh)

Readjuster (Rea)

Republican (R)

Socialist (Soc)

Unionist (U)

Whig (W)

Independent,
None,
or Unaffiliated

text: United States Senate[edit]

text:
Senator Bill Nelson
(D)

Senator Marco Rubio
(R)

text: Senate delegation timeline (1845 – Present)[edit]

text: Tables showing membership in the Florida federal Senate delegation throughout history of statehood in the United States.

text:
Class 1 Senators
Congress
Class 3 Senators

David Levy Yulee (D)
29th (1845–1847)
James Westcott (D)

30th (1847–1849)

31st (1849–1851)
Jackson Morton (W)

Stephen Mallory (D)
32nd (1851–1853)

33rd (1853–1855)

34th (1855–1857)
David Levy Yulee (D)

35th (1857–1859)

36th (1859–1861)

American Civil War
37th (1861–1863)
American Civil War

38th (1863–1865)

39th (1865–1867)

Adonijah Welch (R)
40th (1867–1869)
Thomas W. Osborn (R)

Abijah Gilbert (R)
41st (1869–1871)

42nd (1871–1873)

43rd (1873–1875)
Simon B. Conover (R)

Charles W. Jones (D)
44th (1875–1877)

45th (1877–1879)

46th (1879–1881)
Wilkinson Call (D)

47th (1881–1883)

48th (1883–1885)

49th (1885–1887)

Samuel Pasco (D)
50th (1887–1889)

51st (1889–1891)

52nd (1891–1893)

53rd (1893–1895)

54th (1895–1897)

55th (1897–1899)
Stephen Mallory II (D)

56th (1899–1901)

James P. Taliaferro (D)

57th (1901–1903)

58th (1903–1905)

59th (1905–1907)

60th (1907–1909)
William James Bryan (D)

William Hall Milton (D)

61st (1909–1911)
Duncan U. Fletcher (D)

Nathan P. Bryan (D)
62nd (1911–1913)

63rd (1913–1915)

64th (1915–1917)

Park Trammell (D)
65th (1917–1919)

66th (1919–1921)

67th (1921–1923)

68th (1923–1925)

69th (1925–1927)

70th (1927–1929)

71st (1929–1931)

72nd (1931–1933)

73rd (1933–1935)

74th (1935–1937)

Scott M. Loftin (D)
William Luther Hill (D)

Charles O. Andrews (D)
Claude Pepper (D)

75th (1937–1939)

76th (1939–1941)

77th (1941–1943)

78th (1943–1945)

79th (1945–1947)

Spessard Holland (D)

80th (1947–1949)

81st (1949–1951)

82nd (1951–1953)
George Smathers (D)

83rd (1953–1955)

84th (1955–1957)

85th (1957–1959)

86th (1959–1961)

87th (1961–1963)

88th (1963–1965)

89th (1965–1967)

90th (1967–1969)

91st (1969–1971)
Edward J. Gurney (R)

Lawton Chiles (D)
92nd (1971–1973)

93rd (1973–1975)

Richard Bernard Stone (D)

94th (1975–1977)

95th (1977–1979)

96th (1979–1981)

Paula Hawkins (R)

97th (1981–1983)

98th (1983–1985)

99th (1985–1987)

100th (1987–1989)
Bob Graham (D)

Connie Mack III (R)
101st (1989–1991)

102nd (1991–1993)

103rd (1993–1995)

104th (1995–1997)

105th (1997–1999)

106th (1999–2001)

Bill Nelson (D)
107th (2001–2003)

108th (2003–2005)

109th (2005–2007)

Mel Martinez[1] (R)

110th (2007–2009)

111th (2009–2011)

George LeMieux (R)

112th (2011–2013)
Marco Rubio (R)

113th (2013–2015)

114th (2015–2017)

115th (2017–2019)

text: Key[edit]

text: Living former U.S. Senators from Florida[edit]

text: As of April 2015[update], there are five former U.S. Senators from the U.S. State of Florida who are currently living at this time, one from Class 1 and four from Class 3.

text:
Senator
Term of office
Class
Date of birth (and age)

Richard Stone
1975–1980
3
(1928-09-22) September 22, 1928 (age 89)

Bob Graham
1987–2005
3
(1936-11-09) November 9, 1936 (age 80)

Connie Mack III
1989–2001
1
(1940-10-29) October 29, 1940 (age 76)

Mel Martinez
2005–2009
3
(1946-10-23) October 23, 1946 (age 71)

George LeMieux
2009–2011
3
(1969-05-21) May 21, 1969 (age 48)