document_title: Steve Harvey

question_text: what is the name of steve harvey's book

question_tokens: what is the name of steve harvey 's book

text: Steve Harvey

text: Early life[edit]

text: Harvey was born on January 17, 1957,[5][6] in Welch, West Virginia, United States and is the son of Jesse Harvey, a coal miner, and his wife Eloise Vera.[7][8][9] His first name is Broderick, named after actor Broderick Crawford of the TV series Highway Patrol.[3] Harvey's family moved to Cleveland, Ohio, living on East 112th Street, which would eventually be renamed Steve Harvey Way in 2015. He graduated from Glenville High School in 1974.[10][11][12]

text: Shortly after high school, he attended Kent State University and West Virginia University and is a member of Omega Psi Phi fraternity.[7][11] He has been a boxer, an autoworker, an insurance salesman, a carpet cleaner, and a mailman.[7][11][13][14]

text: Career[edit]

text: Comedy[edit]

text: Harvey first performed stand-up comedy on October 8, 1985, at the Hilarities Comedy Club in Cleveland, Ohio. In the late 1980s Harvey was homeless for multiple years. He slept in his 1976 Ford when not performing gigs that provided a hotel, and he showered at gas stations or swimming pool showers.[15] Rich and Becky Liss helped Harvey during this time with a contract for carpet cleaning and credit at a travel agency.[16]

text: He was a finalist in the Second Annual Johnnie Walker National Comedy Search performing on April 16, 1990, eventually leading to a long stint as host of It's Showtime at the Apollo, succeeding Mark Curry in that role. His success as a stand-up comedian led to a starring role on the ABC show Me and the Boys in 1994. He would later star on the WB network show, The Steve Harvey Show, which ran from 1996 to 2002. While popular, the show never achieved critical acclaim outside of the African-American community.[17]

text: In 1997, Harvey continued his work in stand-up comedy, performing on the Kings of Comedy tour along with Cedric the Entertainer, D.L. Hughley, and Bernie Mac. The comedy act would later be put together into a film by Spike Lee called The Original Kings of Comedy. DVD sales of The Original Kings of Comedy and Don't Trip, He Ain't Through With Me Yet increased Harvey's popularity. He released a hip hop and R&B CD on a record label he founded, and authored the book Steve Harvey's Big Time. That title was also used as the name of his comedy and variety television show (later renamed Steve Harvey's Big Time Challenge), which aired on The WB network from 2003 until 2005. Harvey launched a clothing line which featured a line of dress wear. In 2005 he co-starred in the movie Racing Stripes. He had appeared in the 2003 movie The Fighting Temptations alongside Cuba Gooding Jr. and Beyoncé Knowles.[18]

text: He achieved further critical and commercial success through his book Act Like a Lady, Think Like a Man and its subsequent cinematic follow-up Think Like a Man, an ensemble romantic comedy depicting characters taking advice on dating from the book.[19]

text: In 2008, Harvey hosted the Disney Dreamers Academy, a teen-focused personal and professional enrichment event that took place January 17–20, 2008, at the Walt Disney World Resort in Lake Buena Vista, Florida.[20]

text: On August 2, 2012, Harvey performed his final stand-up act at the MGM Grand in Las Vegas, ending a 27-year career as a stand-up comedian. The two-hour performance was broadcast live on Pay-Per-View. “The road to this final show has been an amazing journey, doing stand-up for the past 27 years, and I can’t thank fans enough after reflecting on all those years on stage,” he said.[21][22]

text: Radio[edit]

text: Harvey is the host of a weekday-morning radio program, The Steve Harvey Morning Show, which was originally syndicated through Radio One, Inc. (from September 2000 until May 2005) and which continues to air to the present time.

text: Family Feud[edit]

text: Harvey began hosting Family Feud in September 2010.[7][23] The show has seen significantly improved ratings under Harvey. As of November 2012, it was the second most watched daytime syndicated show.[24]

text: Harvey also hosted Celebrity Family Feud, where celebrities compete for a chance to donate up to $25,000 to their favorite charity. The show aired for six weeks during the summer of 2015 and ten weeks in 2016 on ABC.[25][26][27]

text: Daytime talk shows[edit]

text: In September 2012, Harvey debuted a self-titled syndicated talk show, produced by Endemol at the NBC Tower in Chicago.[28][29][30][31][32] The show was renewed through 2016.[33]

text: In November 2016, it was announced that Steve Harvey would be cancelled, as Harvey had entered into a partnership with IMG to produce a new syndicated talk show in Los Angeles, Steve, for the 2017-18 season, and giving Harvey creative control and ownership. NBCUniversal Television Distribution, who distributed Steve Harvey, remained on-board for the new series.[34]

text: Dating website[edit]

text: In September 2014, Harvey launched a new dating website called Delightful to "help Women become more dateable".[35]

text: Miss Universe pageant[edit]

text: In December 2015, Harvey hosted the Miss Universe 2015 pageant in Las Vegas. Upon announcing the final results, he mistakenly named the first runner-up, Miss Colombia, Ariadna Gutiérrez, as the winner. A few minutes after she was crowned, Harvey announced that he had read the results incorrectly and that Miss Philippines, Pia Wurtzbach, was the new Miss Universe.[36] He apologized to Wurtzbach outside the venue and later tweeted an apology to both contestants, mistakenly misspelling the country names.[37][38][39]

text: Harvey also hosted the Miss Universe 2016 pageant in Philippines on January 30, 2017, telling the Miss Universe Organization that he wanted to personally apologize to the Filipinos for the incident that occurred in the last Miss Universe pageant he hosted.[40]

text: Controversies[edit]

text: Harvey was met with backlash from some in the African-American community for his decision to meet with then-President-elect Trump. He defended his decision, citing that it would help spark positive changes.[41]

text: Comments about Asian men[edit]

text: In January 2017, Steve Harvey made jokes on Steve Harvey about Asian men, ridiculing the idea that any white woman or black woman would want to date them. "Excuse me, do you like Asian men?", he said, "No, thank you." He went on to add, "I don’t even like Chinese food."[42] The remarks were met with criticism from members of the Asian American community, including New York lawmakers[43] and author Eddie Huang.[44] He targeted Asian men in a string of racist jokes,[45] implying Asian men are not attractive.[46] To which he apologized on his talk show (and Twitter), saying: "I offer my humblest apology for offending anyone, particularly those in the Asian community. ... "It was not my intention and the humor was not meant with any malice or disrespect whatsoever."[47]

text: Joke about Flint water crisis[edit]

text: In response to a caller from Flint, Michigan who insulted the Cleveland Cavaliers after their loss to the Golden State Warriors, Harvey, a Cavaliers fan, told the caller to "go have yourself a nice glass of brown water!" in reference to the city's water crisis. The joke was criticized by, among others, Amariyanna Copeny and Flint Mayor Karen Weaver, who demanded a public apology. Harvey responded by saying, "The caller and I were talking trash about our teams and cities. Simply trash talking about sports. I made a joke directed at him, as he is from Flint, a city for which I have great affection and respect. So much so that I devoted a full hour on my daytime talk show to raising awareness for the Flint water crisis. ... The caller laughed, as my joke was taken in the context it was offered."[48][49]

text: Personal life[edit]

text: Harvey has been married three times and has seven children. From his first marriage, to Marcia Harvey, he has twin daughters, Brandi and Karli, and a son.[50][11][51] From his second marriage, to Mary Shackelford, Harvey has another son, Wynton.[52][53] The couple divorced in November 2005.[54]

text: In 2011, Collin County, Texas-based 199th District Court Judge Robert Dry expressed concern about Mary Harvey spreading false information about the divorce, with the judge suggesting that she had not been left materially destitute.[55][56]

text: In June 2007, he married Marjorie Bridges, who he says is responsible for making him a better man and changing his life. Marjorie Harvey has three children of her own. Steve raises them as his own. Steve and Marjorie have four grandchildren: two through Jason's marriage to his wife Amanda, one through Morgan's marriage to her husband Kareem and one through Karli's marriage to husband Ben.[57]

text: Harvey and his family divide their time between Atlanta, where his radio show is broadcast and Family Feud is recorded, and Chicago, where he hosts his talk show for NBCUniversal from the company's Chicago studios, although he will host his radio show there as well.[58]

text: Harvey is a Christian.[59]

text: Filmography[edit]

text: Television[edit]

text:
Year
Title
Role
Notes

1993–2000,
2016–2017
Showtime at the Apollo
Himself/Host

1994–1995
Me and the Boys
Steve Tower
19 episodes

1996–2002
Steve Harvey Show, TheThe Steve Harvey Show
Steve Hightower
122 episodes; also producer

2001
Proud Family, TheThe Proud Family
The Credit Card (voice)
Episode: "Don't Leave Home Without It"

2002, 2003
Essence Awards
Himself/Host

2002
My Wife and Kids
Steve
Episode: "Jay the Artist"

2003
Parkers, TheThe Parkers
Mr. Barnes
Episode: "The Hold Up"

2003–2005
Steve Harvey's Big Time Challenge
Himself/Host
Also executive producer

2004, 2005
BET Comedy Awards
Himself/Host

2010
Who Wants To Be a Millionaire
Himself/Guest host
5 episodes

2010–present
Family Feud
Himself/Host

2012
Praise the Lord
Himself/Guest host
November 30

2012–2017
Steve Harvey
Himself/Host

2013
NAACP Image Awards
Himself/Host
February 1

2015–present
Celebrity Family Feud
Himself/Host

2015–present
Miss Universe
Himself/Host

2016–present
Little Big Shots
Himself/Host

2017–present
Steve Harvey's Funderdome
Himself/Host

2017–present
Little Big Shots: Forever Young
Himself/Host

text: Film[edit]

text:
Year
Title
Role
Note

2000
Original Kings of Comedy, TheThe Original Kings of Comedy
Himself

2003
Fighting Temptations, TheThe Fighting Temptations
Miles the DJ

2003
Love Don't Cost a Thing
Clarence Johnson

2004
Johnson Family Vacation
Mack

2004
You Got Served
Mr. Rad

2005
Racing Stripes
Buzz the Fly
Voice only

2009
Madea Goes to Jail
Himself
Cameo appearance

2012
Think Like a Man
Himself
Cameo appearance; also executive producer

text: Awards and honors[edit]

text: This section of a biography of a living person needs additional citations for verification. Please help by adding reliable sources. Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately, especially if potentially libelous or harmful. (July 2017) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

text:
Four-time winner: NAACP Image Awards Outstanding Actor in a Comedy Series (1999, 2000, 2001, 2002)
Three-time winner: NAACP Image Awards Outstanding Comedy Series (as executive producer/star of The Steve Harvey Show – 2000, 2001, 2002)
2001: NAACP Image Awards Entertainer of the Year
2007: Syndicated Personality/Show of the Year – Radio & Records magazine[60]
2011: BET Humanitarian Award – 2011 BET Awards[61]
2013: Favorite New Talk Show Host – 39th People's Choice Awards[62]
2013: Star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame[7][63]
Three-time winner: NAACP Image Awards Outstanding News/Talk/Info Series (as executive producer/host of Steve Harvey – 2014, 2015, 2017)[64]
2014: Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Game Show Host - Family Feud[65]
2014: Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Talk Show Informative (as host/executive producer of Steve Harvey)[65]
2014: NAB Broadcasting Hall of Fame inductee (Radio)
2015: East 112th Street in Cleveland renamed Steve Harvey Way[10]
2015: NAACP Image Awards Outstanding Host – Talk/Reality/Variety/News/Information[64]
2015: Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Talk Show Informative (as host/executive producer of Steve Harvey)[66]
2016: NAACP Image Awards Outstanding Host - Talk/Reality/Variety/News/Information
2016: NAACP Image Awards Outstanding Variety Series/Special (as host of Family Feud)
2016: Honorary Doctorate Degree Received at Alabama State University in Montgomery, Alabama
2017: Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Informative Talk Show Host - Steve Harvey[67]
2017: Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Game Show Host – Family Feud[67]


document_title: Oakland Raiders relocation to Las Vegas

question_text: where are the oakland raiders playing this year

root

text: Oakland Raiders relocation to Las Vegas

text: Background[edit]

text: The Oakland Raiders were founded as a charter member of the American Football League (AFL) in 1960. The team joined the NFL as a result of the merger in 1970. From 1966 until 1981, it played home games at the Oakland–Alameda County Coliseum, which it shared with Major League Baseball's Oakland Athletics after that team moved to Oakland in 1968. In 1980 Al Davis, dissatisfied with the stadium situation in Oakland and seeing luxury boxes as the future of the NFL came to an agreement with the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum commission to move the Raiders to Los Angeles. The NFL had refused to let the team move, but a court over-ruled the league, clearing the way for the Raiders to move to Los Angeles and become the Los Angeles Raiders.[7] In 1982, the Raiders (then owned by Al Davis) were approved to relocate from Oakland to Los Angeles. The Raiders played home games at the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum from 1982 to 1994. In 1995, after being unable to secure a new stadium in the Los Angeles area and after a proposed move to Sacramento that involved Davis taking ownership of the Sacramento Kings fell apart the Raiders moved back to Oakland.[8][9]

tag: p

text: Meanwhile, Las Vegas had been home to a number of other professional football franchises between 1994 and the Raiders' arrival, none of which were particularly successful. The Las Vegas Posse, part of the Canadian Football League's effort to enter the U.S. market, lasted one season in 1994 and suffered from poor on-field product and worse attendance figures.[10] The XFL included the Las Vegas Outlaws in its lone 2001 season; its attendance and on-field performance were respectable, and the team embraced the city's culture,[11] but the Outlaws' modest success was overshadowed by the failure of the XFL. The Las Vegas Locomotives of the United Football League were a major on-field success and were one of the UFL's best teams; it nonetheless suffered from poor attendance to start that continued to decline throughout the league's existence to the point that its last home game drew only 600 fans.[12] The Arena Football League included three teams in Las Vegas over the course of its history: the Las Vegas Sting (1994 and 1995), Las Vegas Gladiators (2003 to 2007, now the Cleveland Gladiators), and another Las Vegas Outlaws (2015). The Las Vegas Sin of the Lingerie Football League (now the Legends Football League) played in the city from 2011 to 2014.

text: The hunt for a home[edit]

text: Recent efforts to either renovate the Oakland–Alameda County Coliseum or replace it with a new football stadium in Oakland or elsewhere date back to November 18, 2009.[13] In 2011, Al Davis died and control of the team was assumed by his son Mark Davis who made finding a solution to the three-decade-long stadium problem a top priority. The Raiders were free to move after the 2013 NFL season, when its lease on the Oakland–Alameda County Coliseum expired. While exploring possible solutions in the Bay Area and potential relocation candidates, the Raiders signed one-year extensions of its lease on the Coliseum.

text: 2011: Levi's Stadium[edit]

text: There had been discussions for the Raiders to share Levi's Stadium in Santa Clara, California with the San Francisco 49ers.[14] However, the 49ers went ahead without the Raiders and broke ground on the $1.2 billion stadium on April 19, 2012[15] and afterwards sold $670 million worth of seats including 70% of club and luxury suites, making it more unlikely that the Raiders would continue to explore the idea of sharing the stadium as they would then be secondary tenants with little to no commercial rights over the highly lucrative luxury suites.[16]

text: Mark Davis further increased the unlikelihood of the Raiders and the 49ers to share Levi's stadium when he told NFL Network reporter Ian Rapoport that he had no plans to share the stadium but that he did recognize the Raiders' need for a new home and that he hoped the new home would be in Oakland.[17] When Levi's Stadium had its grand opening on July 17, 2014, NFL Commissioner Roger Goodell mentioned to the live crowd that it would make a great home for the Raiders and that the team had to decide whether or not it wanted to play there or build a stadium on the site of the Oakland–Alameda County Coliseum.[18]

text: 2012−2013: Coliseum City[edit]

text: On March 7, 2012, then-mayor Jean Quan unveiled an ambitious project to the media that was designed to improve the sports facilities of all three major league sports teams in the city (the Raiders, Major League Baseball (MLB)'s Athletics and the National Basketball Association (NBA)'s Golden State Warriors), as well as attract new businesses to the city. The project, dubbed Coliseum City, had entailed the redevelopment of the existing Oakland–Alameda County Coliseum complex. The redevelopment would have seen the construction of two new stadiums on the present location, a baseball-only stadium and a football-only stadium, while Oracle Arena, home of the Warriors, would have been either rebuilt or undergone extensive renovations. A sum of $3.5 million was committed to preliminary planning on the project. However, no officials from either of Oakland's major league teams were present at the media conference.

text: According to the San Francisco Business Times, Oakland's assistant city administrator Fred Blackwell said the Bay Investment Group LLC, an entity being formed by Colony Capital LLC, Rashid Al Malik (chairman and CEO of HayaH Holdings), and the city, had numerous details to continue working out for the prospective $2 billion Coliseum City project, which covered 800 acres surrounding the Oakland–Alameda Coliseum Complex. The development team also included JRDV Urban International, HKS Architects, and Forest City Real Estate Services. In an ideal situation, construction could have started by the end of 2014.[19] Meanwhile, the Warriors began to go forward with plans to build a new arena at Mission Bay, not far from AT&T Park, and move back across the Bay from Oakland to San Francisco as soon as 2019.

text: 2013: Concord, California[edit]

text: The abandoned Concord Naval Weapons Station, 26.6 miles from Oakland, was announced in 2013 as a possible location for a new stadium but developments failed to materialize.[20]

text: 2014: San Antonio, Texas[edit]

text: In July 2014, San Antonio, Texas, emerged as a potential relocation candidate for the team, after Raiders owner Mark Davis visited an event hosted for former Raiders wide receiver Cliff Branch in the city. San Antonio, while it was in a smaller media market than the San Francisco Bay Area, had the advantage of having a relatively new and NFL-ready stadium in the Alamodome and less sporting competition.[21] On July 29, 2014, it was reported by the San Antonio Express-News that Mark Davis met with officials from the city of San Antonio to discuss the possibility of relocating the Raiders to San Antonio after the 2014–15 NFL season. Davis confirmed that he did speak with San Antonio city officials while visiting San Antonio to honor former Raiders wide receiver Cliff Branch's induction into a local Hall of Fame, but did not comment on whether he was considering relocation to San Antonio.[22] The Raiders would have played at the 65,000-seat Alamodome until a new stadium could be built. San Antonio remained in contention as a site through at least November 2014, when Raiders staffers scouted the stadium and began negotiating with San Antonio officials.[23]

text: 2015: Raiders attempt to put together a project with Athletics[edit]

text: It was reported in early 2015 that the Raiders sat down with Athletics owner Lewis Wolff in an effort to create a stadium solution where two separate stadiums (one for the Raiders and one for the Athletics) would have been built on the coliseum site. The Athletics balked at the deal.[24] In an interview with J. T. the Brick on KGMZ on April 4, 2017, Davis revealed that he offered Wolff 20 percent of the Raiders in an attempt to get a deal done. Davis further elaborated that the closest the Raiders came to a deal in Oakland was in 2013 with Colony Capital, before the Athletics agreed to a 10-year lease extension at the Coliseum with the city of Oakland.[25]

text: 2015: Los Angeles project and losing to the Rams[edit]

text: On February 19, 2015, the Raiders and the then San Diego Chargers announced that they would build a privately financed $1.78 billion stadium in Carson, California if they were to move back to the Los Angeles market.[26] Both teams stated that they would continue to attempt to get stadiums built in their respective cities.[27] The Carson City Council would bypass the public vote and approved the plan 3–0.[28] The council voted without having clarified several issues, including who would finance the stadium, how the required three-way land swap would be performed, and how it would raise enough revenue if only one team moved in as tenant.[29] On January 12, 2016, the NFL rejected the Raiders' relocation request in favor of a competing plan by Stan Kroenke to move the then St. Louis Rams back to Los Angeles and construct a stadium and entertainment district in Inglewood, California. However, the NFL left open the possibility of the Raiders relocating to Los Angeles by 2020 and playing in the new stadium under construction to house the Los Angeles Rams. The San Diego Chargers however had the first option to join the Rams at the new stadium, the Raiders would have been authorized to negotiate an agreement if the Chargers did not exercise their option by January 2017.[30] The Chargers exercised their choice and announced their relocation to Los Angeles in January 2017, shutting the Raiders out of the Southern California market.[4]

text: Around this time other markets expressed interest in luring the Raiders. For example Duluth, Minnesota submitted a proposal to construct a new stadium for the team, a proposal that was not taken seriously because of the metro area's small size, proximity to the Minnesota Vikings and unwillingness to commit money to the stadium proposal.[31]

text: Less than a month after the Chargers announced their move to Los Angeles, Las Vegas had emerged as the most likely destination candidate for the Raiders.

text: 2015−2017: Negotiations to move to Las Vegas and last Oakland stadium effort[edit]

text: 2015: Exploring Las Vegas[edit]

text: On February 23, 2015, while still involved in the Carson project, Mark Davis attended a secret meeting at the UNLV International Gaming Research Center to look at Las Vegas sports betting, its effect on pro sports, how it could effect a pro sports team in Vegas and how the Raiders and the NFL could possibly work in Las Vegas. At the time Las Vegas was seen as a long shot candidate for the Raiders. The meeting was set up by Napoleon McCallum, former Raiders player and current Las Vegas Sands employee. McCallum approached Davis about moving the team to Las Vegas before a Broncos-Raiders game on November 9, 2014 in Oakland. McCallum was the first to suggest meeting with UNLV about the idea. Previously Las Vegas officials notably Mayor Carolyn Goodman had suggested building a stadium near Las Vegas Motor Speedway. In attendance at the meeting was Davis and McCallum along with then UNLV president Don Snyder and Bo Bernhard, executive director of the International Gaming Institute. The meeting would not be known about until two years later.[32]

text: On January 29, 2016, Davis met with Las Vegas Sands owner Sheldon Adelson about possibly relocating to a $2.3 billion, 65,000 capacity domed stadium in Las Vegas, Nevada. During Davis' meeting with Adelson, he also visited the University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV), which included a contingent consisting of the university's president Len Jessup, former university president Donald Snyder, Steve Wynn, and former Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC) owner Lorenzo Fertitta. The proposed stadium would replace Sam Boyd Stadium and would serve as the home of both the Raiders and the UNLV Rebels college football program. A relocation to Las Vegas would be a long-term proposal, as Sam Boyd Stadium is undersized for the NFL and there are no other professional-caliber stadiums in Nevada. Raiders officials were also in Las Vegas to tour locations in the valley for a potential new home; they were also on the 42-acre site of the proposed stadium to ask questions about the site.

text: Interviewed by sports columnist Tim Kawakami of the San Jose Mercury News, Davis said that he had a "great" visit in the city he described it as interesting. Davis also said that Las Vegas was a global city and that "it's absolutely an NFL city," as well as saying that "the Raider brand would do well" and "I think Las Vegas is coming along slowly."[33]

text: On March 21, 2016, when asked about Las Vegas, Davis said, "I think the Raiders like the Las Vegas plan," and "it's a very very very intriguing and exciting plan," referring to the stadium plan in Las Vegas. Davis also met with Nevada Governor Brian Sandoval about the stadium plan. On April 1, 2016, Davis toured Sam Boyd Stadium to evaluate whether UNLV could serve as a temporary home of the team and was with UNLV football coach Tony Sanchez, athletic director Tina Kunzer-Murphy, adviser Don Snyder and school president Len Jessup to further explore the possibility of the Raiders moving to Las Vegas.

text: On April 28, 2016, Davis said he wanted to move the Raiders to Las Vegas and pledged $500 million toward the construction of a proposed $2.4 billion domed stadium.[34][35] "Together we can turn the Silver State into the silver and black state," Davis said.[34][36]

text: At a media conference in UNLV's Stan Fulton Building, Davis also said the club had "made a commitment to Las Vegas at this point in time and that's where it stands." In an interview with ESPN after returning from a meeting for the 2016 NFL draft he expanded upon reasons why Southern Nevada held a certain appeal over the East Bay of the Oakland–San Francisco Bay Area, how he tried to make it work in Oakland and why (as he told Sandoval) he hopes to turn Nevada into the "Silver and Black State"; he also spoke of the meeting saying, "It was a positive, well-organized presentation that I believe was well-received", and stating, "It was a very positive step in finding the Raiders a home."

text: On May 20, 2016, New England Patriots owner Robert Kraft said he would support Davis and the Raiders move to Las Vegas, stating, "I think it would be good for the NFL."[37]

text: On May 23, 2016, the San Francisco Chronicle and other media outlets reported that a group led by former San Francisco 49ers safety (and Pro Football Hall of Fame member) Ronnie Lott and retired quarterback Rodney Peete were looking into building a new Oakland stadium for the Raiders.[38] The group met with team executives and Oakland city officials to brief them on their proposal. They also met with mayor Libby Schaaf. The Alameda County Board of Supervisors voted to begin negotiations with Lott's group and with the city of Oakland regarding the "price and terms of sale" for the 120-acre land of the Oakland Coliseum and Oracle Arena.

text: Davis publicly reiterated his commitment to his announced plans to relocate the Raiders franchise to Las Vegas, Nevada with the support of the state of Nevada and casino mogul Sheldon Adelson,[39] and said he did not wish to negotiate further with Oakland while the Las Vegas deal was still actively in progress; any relocation to Las Vegas needed to be approved by a three-quarters majority of all NFL owners, and NFL commissioner Roger Goodell publicly stated his preference for keeping the Raiders franchise in Oakland if at all possible.[40] However, it was reported that the NFL had issues with the Lott Group's financier Fortress Investment Group due to past issues the group had.

text: On August 11, 2016, Raiders' officials met with Northern Nevada officials about the possibility of Reno being the site of a new training camp/practice facility and toured several sites including the University of Nevada, Reno, Reno area high schools, and sports complexes.[41] On August 25, 2016, the Raiders filed a trademark application for "Las Vegas Raiders" on the same day renderings of a new stadium (located west of Interstate 15 at Las Vegas) were released to the public.[42]

text: On September 15, 2016, the Southern Nevada Tourism Infrastructure Committee unanimously voted to recommend and approve $750 million for the Las Vegas stadium plan.[43]

text: On October 11, 2016, the Nevada Senate voted 16–5 to approve the funding bill for the Las Vegas stadium proposal.[44] The Nevada Assembly voted 28–13 three days later to approve the bill to fund the new Las Vegas stadium proposal; two days later, Sandoval signed the funding bill into law.[45]

text: Davis told ESPN on October 15, 2016 that even if the Raiders were approved by the league to relocate to the Las Vegas metropolitan area, the club would play the next two seasons at the Oakland–Alameda County Coliseum in 2017 and 2018, stating "We want to bring a Super Bowl championship back to the Bay Area."[46] The team would then play at a temporary facility in 2019 after its lease at the Coliseum expires. Davis has also indicated a desire to play at least one preseason game in Las Vegas, at Sam Boyd Stadium, as early as the 2018 season.[40] (The Raiders' 2017 schedule has both preseason games in Oakland.)

text: On October 17, 2016, Nevada Governor Brian Sandoval signed into law Senate Bill 1 and Assembly Bill 1 which approved a hotel room tax rate increase to accommodate $750 million in public funding for the new stadium.[47][48]

text: On November 12, 2016, a report from the NFL's own in-house media team outlined how Las Vegas might not be a done deal. The report stated that the majority of owners favored the Raiders staying in Oakland due to market size and stability. The vast majority of the NFL's revenue comes from TV contracts. So because of that, it made little sense for the other 31 NFL owners to vote in favor of one of their partners abandoning the 6th biggest media market for the 42nd.[49]

text: On November 30, 2016, a framework deal to keep the Raiders in Oakland was announced.[50] In addition to the public land, the city of Oakland would commit $200 million to improve the infrastructure of the surrounding area. The Raiders would contribute $500 million to the stadium, while Lott's group would contribute $400 million; the NFL already committed $300 million when it rejected the Raiders' bid to return to Los Angeles in 2015.[51] Ronnie Lott had no financial or ownership stake in the Raiders; some sources indicated that Lott was also asking for an ownership stake (reportedly around 20 percent) in the Raiders franchise as part of the deal, a condition that was unacceptable to Raiders owner Mark Davis.

text: The Oakland proposal was officially announced in December 2016,[52] and called for a $1.3 billion, football-only stadium built on the existing Coliseum site. It included mixed use development for possible office or retail space, hotel or residential living and parking, as well as 15 acres set aside for a new baseball-only facility for the Oakland Athletics if the A's so desired. The site also could have been expanded to include the land Oracle Arena sits on, with the Warriors cleared to move to their new San Francisco arena by the 2019 season.

text: The Ronnie Lott proposal was voted on by the Oakland city and Alameda County elected officials on December 13, 2016[51] and approved by Oakland in a 7–0 vote and by Alameda County in a 3–1 vote.[53][54]

text: The Raiders officially filed paperwork to relocate from Oakland, California, to Las Vegas, Nevada, on January 19, 2017.[55] The Raiders needed 24 of the 32 NFL club owners to vote to officially approve the move to Las Vegas.[56]

text: On January 30, 2017, it was announced that Adelson had dropped out of the stadium project, also withdrawing the Las Vegas Sands' proposed $650 million contribution from the project. Instead, the Raiders would increase their contribution from $500 million to $1.15 billion.[57] One day after Adelson's announcement, Goldman Sachs (the company behind the financing to the proposed Las Vegas stadium) announced its intent to withdraw from the project.[58]

text: On January 31, 2017, in the aftermath of Adelson and Goldman Sachs' withdrawal from the Las Vegas deal, the San Diego Union-Tribune reported that Mayor Kevin Faulconer reached out to an NFL official to let them know they were eager to engage; a city official also spoke to a Raiders official on the phone. The Union-Tribune noted that any possible Raiders relocation to San Diego or bringing a team to the city would have been aided by a proposal for a soccer-specific stadium and mixed development. NFL commissioner Roger Goodell reiterated, during his State of the NFL address, that San Diego would need a new stadium in order to be a relocation possibility. Another roadblock for a Raiders relocation to the city would have been the owners of the current Los Angeles teams. Stan Kroenke and Dean Spanos would block any team from sharing Southern California, especially if that team is the Raiders (given the team's continued popularity in the region). San Diego, as an option for the Raiders, was remote.

text: San Diego was previously home to the San Diego Chargers from 1961 until 2016 (when the team relocated to the Greater Los Angeles Area); a Raiders move there would have been ironic given that the team's primary rival the Chargers were based in that city. On February 16, 2017, the San Diego Union-Tribune obtained a letter from Doug Manchester that stated he had "assembled a powerful group of associates" who would develop a 70,000-seat stadium on the land of Qualcomm Stadium; the letter also stated the project would provide "a viable alternative" to the Raiders in case Las Vegas fell through; the group also stated that they were "open to working with the Chargers, Raiders, other NFL owners, or a new ownership group"; it also stated an NFL franchise could participate as a partner or tenant: "Our group will provide the funds previously allocated to be provided by the City of San Diego and guarantee the stadium's expeditious construction. Accordingly it will not require voter approval." It also said they would provide "new state of the art scoreboards and upgrade Qualcomm Stadium while the new stadium is being constructed". On March 1, 2017, Fortress Investment Group submitted a tweaked version of the Oakland stadium plan to the NFL.

text: Relocation to Las Vegas[edit]

text: On March 6, 2017, the Raiders revealed that Bank of America would be replacing Sheldon Adelson's portion of the funding for the new stadium in Las Vegas.[59][60] On March 27, 2017, the National Football League officially approved the Raiders move from Oakland to Las Vegas in a 31–1 vote, ensuring them a new stadium in the process.[1][2] However, even though the Raiders were approved to move to Las Vegas, the club will still play the 2017 and 2018 NFL seasons at the Oakland–Alameda County Coliseum and still be known as the Oakland Raiders as long as they play in the San Francisco Bay Area. The team expects the new stadium to open in 2020. As of April 2018[update] they have not determined where they will play in 2019.

text: About one thousand season ticket holders asked for and received refunds after the move to Las Vegas was announced. Their tickets were sold to other fans within hours, and the Raiders' 53,250 season tickets were all sold out by late May.[61][62]

text: The league levied a $350 million relocation fee on the Raiders, which will be paid in ten annual installments beginning in 2019. This figure is slightly more than half of the $650 million fee that the Rams and Chargers each paid to relocate to Los Angeles.[63]

text: On November 13, 2017, the Raiders officially broke ground on Las Vegas Stadium.[64][65]

text: On January 2, 2018, the Henderson city council approved the sale of 55 vacant acres of land to the Raiders for their new headquarters and practice facility near Henderson Executive Airport.[66] In January, construction crews began blasting caliche rock with dynamite to excavate and create the stadium bowl.[67] As of April 2018, more than 30 Raiders employees had already relocated to Las Vegas from Oakland.[68]

text: Popular culture[edit]

text: In season 3 of the HBO television series Ballers, which was produced in 2016 and aired in 2017, Spencer Strasmore (Dwayne Johnson) leads an effort to relocate the Raiders to Las Vegas.[69]


document_title: Never Let Me Go (2010 film)

question_text: who plays young ruth in never let me go

question_tokens: who plays young ruth in never let me go

text: Never Let Me Go (2010 film)

text: Plot[edit]

text: The film begins with on-screen captions explaining that a medical breakthrough in 1952 has permitted the human lifespan to be extended beyond 100 years. It is narrated by 28-year-old Kathy H as she reminisces about her childhood at a boarding school called Hailsham, as well as her adult life after leaving the school. The first act of the film depicts the young Kathy, along with her friends Tommy and Ruth, spending their childhood at Hailsham in 1978. The students are encouraged to create artwork, and their best work gets into The Gallery run by a mysterious woman known only as Madame. One day, a new teacher, Miss Lucy, quietly informs the students of their fate: they are destined to be organ donors and will die, or "complete", in their early adulthood. Shortly afterward she is fired by the headmistress, Miss Emily, for sharing this revelation with the children. As time passes, Kathy falls in love with Tommy, but Ruth and Tommy begin a relationship and stay together throughout the rest of their time at Hailsham.

text: In the second act, Kathy, Ruth and Tommy, now teenagers, are rehoused in cottages on a farm in 1985. They are permitted to leave the grounds on day trips, but are resigned to their eventual fate. At the farm, they meet former pupils of schools similar to theirs, and it is revealed that they are all clones. They also hear rumours of the possibility of "deferral" – a temporary reprieve from organ donation for donors who are in love and can prove it. Tommy becomes convinced that The Gallery at Hailsham was intended to look into their souls and that artwork sent to The Gallery will be able to confirm true love where it is present. The relationship between Tommy and Ruth becomes sexual, and jealousy causes Kathy and Ruth to break their friendship. The lonely Kathy leaves and becomes a "carer" – a clone who is given a temporary reprieve from donation as a reward for supporting and comforting donors as they are made to give up their organs. Tommy and Ruth's relationship ends.

text: In the third and final act, in 1994, Kathy is still working as a carer, and has watched many clones gradually die as their organs are harvested. Kathy, who has not seen Ruth or Tommy since the farm, discovers Ruth, frail after two donations. They find Tommy, who is also weakened by his donations, and drive to the sea. There, Ruth admits that she did not love Tommy, and only seduced him because she was afraid to be alone. She is consumed with guilt and has been searching for a way to help Tommy and Kathy. She believes that the rumours of "deferral" are true, and has found the address of the gallery owner, Madame, who she thinks may grant deferrals to couples in love. Ruth dies on the operating table shortly afterward.

text: Kathy and Tommy finally begin a relationship. Tommy explains to Kathy that he has been creating art in the hope that it will aid deferral. He and Kathy drive to visit Madame, who lives with the headmistress of Hailsham. The two teachers tell them that there is no such thing as deferral, and that Tommy's artworks will not help him. They explain that the purpose of The Gallery was not to look into their souls but to investigate whether the "all but human" clones even have souls at all; Hailsham was the last place to consider the ethical implications of the donor scheme. As they take in the news on their return journey, Tommy breaks down in an explosion of rage and frustration, and he and Kathy cling to each other in grief. The film ends with Tommy dying on the operating table. Kathy is left alone, waiting for her donations which will begin in a month. Contemplating the ruins of her childhood, she asks in voice-over whether her fate is really any different from the people who will receive her organs; after all, "we all complete".

text: Cast[edit]

text:
Carey Mulligan as Kathy H

Isobel Meikle-Small as young Kathy

Keira Knightley as Ruth C

Ella Purnell as young Ruth

Andrew Garfield as Tommy D

Charlie Rowe as young Tommy

Sally Hawkins as Miss Lucy
Charlotte Rampling as Miss Emily
Nathalie Richard as Madame
Domhnall Gleeson as Rodney
Andrea Riseborough as Chrissie

tag: ul

text: Themes[edit]

text: Director Mark Romanek has said that, as in the novel, everyone has to uncover their relationship to our own mortality; we have two options: either go against it, or try to figure out a way around it like the character Tommy does.[2] Romanek hoped the audience of Never Let Me Go would be reminded of what is important: love, behaviour, and friendships. He recalled an email a person had written to him: "I saw your film and it made me cry and I haven't reacted to a film emotionally like that in years. And I called my father, cause I realized I hadn’t spoken to him in 3 weeks and I told him how much I love him and how much I appreciated what a good father he's been."[2]

text: Andrew Garfield believes the story of Never Let Me Go is about humans, and exploring "what it is to have a soul, and how you prove what a soul is"; he says he enjoys the way the film is a "call to arms" about the positives of life.[3] He adds that its message could hopefully remind people that they have a choice when they arise in the morning whether to pursue their own choice of activities for the day, or to do what they should do or are obliged to do.[3] Keira Knightley feels that the film's story is alarming, but has said that the film is "more about humanity's ability to look the other way". "You know in fact that if your morals can go out the window if you think you can survive in a certain way, whatever your morals may be".[4]

text: Production[edit]

text: Development[edit]

text: Alex Garland, a long-time friend of Ishiguro, asked the author for the rights to the novel before he had finished reading it.[5] Before the novel was published in 2005, Garland had already written a script for a possible film. He gave the screenplay to two producers, Andrew Macdonald and Allon Reich, and development started at that moment. "We are delighted to be shooting this special project, which Alex Garland first brought to us before the book's publication in 2005."[6] The script for the film was 96 pages long, and divided into chapters.[7] Director Mark Romanek was originally attached to The Wolfman, but when he was dropped from that production for an unknown reason, he accepted the offer to work on Never Let Me Go.[8] The movie was made into a dystopian drama.[9] Romanek was glad to get the opportunity to shoot this film: "From the moment I finished [reading] the novel, it became my dream to film it. Ishiguro's conception is so daring, so eerie and beautiful. Alex Garland's adaptation is sensitive and precise. The cast is perfect, the crew superb."[6] The Seattle Times observed that the project was "something of a departure" for the novelist, noting that it merges Ishiguro's signature "elegant prose with a decidedly science-fiction theme".[10]

text:
“
I toyed around with filming some futuristic buildings and stuff, but it never felt right. I wanted to make a love story."
”

— Mark Romanek,[5] in September 2010

tag: table

text: Garland, who has explored science fiction themes in some of his previous work, was a sounding board for ideas for the novel and an early reader of the book. Ishiguro stated that, despite Garland's screenwriting skills and previous experience with film, they did not discuss the idea of a film until after the novel was complete.[10] "I try not to think about things like that when writing a novel—in fact, quite the reverse", he stated. He said that he attempts to "go for something... very interior, following thoughts and memories, something that I think is difficult to do on the screen, which is essentially a third-person medium."[10] Thus he was surprised when Garland, after reading a complete version of the book, said he would like to try to adapt it. Ishiguro recalled that Garland wrote a draft very quickly and immediately asked of his opinion of it "as a first go".[10] Ishiguro was very satisfied with Garland's screenplay—which was changed very little from its initial draft to the filmed version—and with the final film. When asked to compare the experience with that of The Remains of the Day, he acknowledged that both were more hands-on with this film.[10] Romanek said that he did not make Never Let Me Go a science fiction film; rather, he was presenting a love story with fictional science context mixed in. He described the film as telling a "love story where the science fiction is this subtle patina on the story." The filmmaker explained that had they done the film with "science fiction-y things", it would have been more openly, with props such as futuristic structures and devices.[2]

text: Casting[edit]

text: Carey Mulligan plays the narrator, Kathy, an introverted, observant character who projects both innocence and knowingness, and who over the course of the story develops from a passionate, optimistic child to a wise and accepting young woman.[11] Prior to her casting, Mulligan had already read the novel a few times, considering it to be a favourite of hers.[12][13] She recalled that from when she first read the book three years ago she had wanted to play Kathy.[7] The young actress said that she could not "bear the idea of anyone else" portraying Kathy, although she acknowledged that she thought other people would be able to do a better performance.[13] She was certain that someone would make a film adaptation of the novel and had hoped that they would wait until she would be old enough to play the character. Romanek told The Los Angeles Times that he originally was having difficulty finding the right actress to play Kathy; a tight filming deadline loomed prior to Mulligan's casting.[11] Peter Rice, the head of Fox Searchlight (the company financing the film) was watching An Education at the Sundance Film Festival in January. He wrote Romanek a four-word text message: "Hire the genius Mulligan."[11] When later asked why the message was so abrupt, he explained that he was still in the middle of viewing the film. Rice exhibited what was described as a "rare foresight" in greenlighting a film with an almost unknown lead actress. "He just knew that she was it", said Romanek.[11]

text: Andrew Garfield was given the role of Tommy, a well-meaning, rather dim young person who struggles to find a place in an environment which values imagination and creativity above all. He said of his character, "There's a sense of anxiety that runs through these kids, especially Tommy, because he's so sensory and feeling and animalistic, that's my perspective of him."[13] Garfield was attracted to the film based on the existential questions the story expresses.[13] He called the experience of being a part of Never Let Me Go a "dream to come true".[14] Garfield enjoys an opportunity to let loose with his roles. He said the scenes in which his character—unable to contain his frustration—erupts with a wail, was "intense" for him. "I think those screams are inside all of us, I just got a chance to let mine out".[3] Before shooting the film, he had read the screenplay and the book.[14] In March 2009 Daily Variety reported that Knightley was signed to the project.[15] Knightley admitted that she only agreed to appear in Never Let Me Go because co-star and friend Mulligan had asked her to.[16] She portrays Ruth, a zealous, ambitious character who behaves manipulatively out of inner insecurity. When asked what she did and did not have in common with her character, Knightley said she was unable to relate to Ruth's situation of being involved in a love triangle.[4]

text: The three lead characters do not have last names because "they are not normal people".[17] Romanek believed that the three main characters act with great dignity. He noted that they are not materialistic or looking for power, but just desire to acknowledge their love for each other and stay close in their friendship.[2] An example he mentioned was how Ruth tries to seek redemption by attempting to set right a big mistake she had made. What he found the most moving aspect of the film was the "graceful place of acceptance that Kathy comes to at the end".[2] Child actors Isobel Meikle-Small, Ella Purnell, and Charlie Rowe play the younger versions of Never Let Me Go's three lead actors.[18] Hawkins, who co-starred with Mulligan in An Education, had a supporting role as Miss Lucy, who is a teacher at an isolated English boarding school where the students slowly become aware of the fact that they are feared by people in the outside world.[19] Charlotte Rampling portrays Miss Emily, a schoolmaster who presides over the orphanage at Hailsham.[20] Richard was cast as an administrator, who is known as Madame. The character has been conducting an ongoing project that aims to analyse the students’ characters and psychologies, which has been compared to treating them as if they were subjects in an experiment.[21] Riseborough's casting in Never Let Me Go was announced in April 2009 by Screen Daily;[22] she had a small role in the film.[11]

text: Filming[edit]

text: Never Let Me Go was given a production budget of US$15 million.[1] Principal photography for the film started in April 2009 and lasted a few weeks. Production design was done by Mark Digby, and Adam Kimmel was assigned to cinematography. The commercial director was Duncan Reid, who works for Ingenious Media,[23] and the film was shot by crewmembers of the English company DNA Films.[24] On 8 May 2009, the production moved to Norfolk for filming. The beach at Holkham is also featured in the film. Knightley previously shot scenes at nearby Holkham Hall for her 2008 film The Duchess.[25] A location on Hill Road In Clevedon was used, and a shop was converted into a travel agency. They also filmed on the beach and the Victorian pier in Clevedon. The pier is featured on the film poster and the cover of the rereleased book. A large property on the Bexhill-on-Sea seafront was used on 12 and 13 May 2009 to act as the exterior for the residence of Madame, where Tommy and Kathy go to apply for a deferral.

text: Andrew Melville Hall in the University of St. Andrews was the setting for the Dover Recovery Centre.[24] Nearly thirty film extras, film producers, and location scouts had to wait several hours for the sun to set so they could film the scenes there.[24] The restaurant scene, which is featured in the trailer and in promotional screenshots, was shot in the Regent Restaurant and Coffee Lounge in Weston-super-Mare in April 2009.[26] Chiswick Town Hall, a dark building in London, was also used as a shooting location. The scenes where the Hailsham assemblies were held was filmed at a school in Snaresbrook, called Forest School, in May 2009.[4] Ham House, Richmond, was used for filming mostly exterior scenes at Hailsham School and a couple of interior scenes.

text: Romanek described working with child actors and "knowing that the first act of the film was going to have to be carried by 12-year-olds" as probably the most difficult aspect of making the film. He said that most of the rehearsal schedule was devoted to ensuring that the first act would be good.[2] At rehearsals, the film-maker would have the younger actors observe the older actors practise the first-act scenes. This had a double purpose: the older actors would have a memory of having played those scenes, while the child actors would get a better idea of how a more skilled actor would play their part. Romanek would then mix and match the actors (for example, Mulligan would do a scene with the child playing the younger Tommy).[2] He also had them spend time together doing things like playing and talking. He took them to the school location and let them play games together so they could get a better idea of the layout of the place.[2]

text: According to Mulligan, a problem during the production was that her role required her to drive: at the time she did not know how to drive or have a driver's licence. She did a two-week intensive course to learn how to work a manual gear change so she could eventually film the driving scenes, but failed the driving test. "I’m really bad at it", she explained. "[I have] no hand and eye coordination."[27] The production team ultimately had to shoot the scene on a private road, where she was allowed to get behind the wheel.[27] The director had a hard time making Knightley look plain in the film. He tells in an interview: "It was difficult. She was eager and happy to do it because the role called for it. But even at her worst, Keira still looks astonishing".[28]

text: When accessing the very deep emotions called for by her character, Mulligan stated, "I really took my cue from the book". She noted that her role did not require her to have much to say, because Kathy was more of an observer throughout most of the film. She recalled that "every time I was in a scene where I wasn’t quite sure where I was going with it, I would go to the book and read through the lines because she's unreliable, in that much of the time she's not being truly honest with herself or the audience."[29] The young actress said that her friendship with Knightley made their scenes together easier because they would both regard each other's comments helpful and would not feel "insulted or hurt" in discussion.[29]

text: Music[edit]

text: Never Let Me Go's score was composed by British composer Rachel Portman. She worked on Never Let Me Go's music for four months.[30] Portman said that because of the film's sad themes, she wanted to "put some hope" and humanity into the music. It was important to her that there be a "real emotional heartbeat in the midst of this story." Believing that a "huge sweeping score" would not have fit Never Let Me Go, she instead worked with a smaller orchestra of no more than 48 players.[30] At the urgent request of the director and the producers, she tried other approaches, such as the use of a child's voice and what was described as a "big finale cue." In the end, they went for a simpler and more subtle approach. Stating that most of the score was written for piano, strings and harp, with solos for violin and cello, she called her score something of a "chamber piece". "If you use a solo instrument, it's like having a voice", she says.[30] "It highlights the emotion." But, she adds, "the violin is played with virtually no vibrato, because I didn't ever want it to sound sentimental". She notes that "for my own taste, I stay on the side of restraint, because I think it works better in film".[30] Her work on Never Let Me Go earned her a San Diego Film Critics Society Award for Best Score.[31]

text: The song "Never Let Me Go" that Kathy listens to in the film is from a cassette tape Tommy gave her at Hailsham called Songs After Dark by Judy Bridgewater. The album and singer are fictitious, but "Never Let Me Go" was written by Luther Dixon and sung by Jane Monheit.[32]

text: Promotion and release[edit]

text: In July 2010 Never Let Me Go was screened to film critics, who gave it generally positive reviews, with The Daily Telegraph calling the film's three leads "brilliant".[33] Never Let Me Go premièred at the 37th annual Telluride Film Festival, presented by the National Film Preserve. The festival began on 3 September 2010, running through Labor Day in a remote Colorado town.[34] The Hollywood Reporter observed that the audience "seemed to respond positively to the film's look at what makes us human and what defines a soul."[35] The film was also part of the 35th Toronto International Film Festival (TIFF) line-up during September 2010, and was screened along with 300 other films.[36] Never Let Me Go was originally expected to have its world premiere at the 2010 Venice Film Festival in September, but Fox replaced it with Black Swan. They favored the TIFF over Venice,[37] but eventually settled on the Telluride Film Festival.

text: In the same month, the film was screened during the 2010 Fantastic Fest in Austin, Texas.[38] Never Let Me Go opened the 54th London Film Festival on 13 October 2010, the same day as its European release date.[39] Never Let Me Go was the second film based on an Ishiguro novel to open the festival, after Merchant Ivory–Ismail Merchant's The Remains of the Day in 1993. Regarding the film's screening at the London Film Festival, Ishiguro said, "It is a fantastic privilege, I feel very lucky. To some extent it is a showcase for British talent and it's a tremendous honour".[40] Describing Never Let Me Go as "accomplished and imaginative", Sandra Helborn, the London Film Festival Artistic Director, added that "It combines impeccable film making, outstanding performances and a deeply moving story, and I couldn’t wish for a stronger or more appropriate opening night".[40] That same month it was also screened in competition at Japan's Tokyo International Film Festival.[41] Six screenings of the film were held in the Little Theatre at Western Michigan University between 17–19 December 2010.[42]

text: Never Let Me Go was scheduled for a limited release for select cities in the United States on 1 October 2010,[43] but the date was later moved up to 15 September.[44] The film was released in the United Kingdom on 11 February 2011, and in France on 9 February 2011.[45] As a forum of promotion for the film, Mulligan made guest appearances to introduce Never Let Me Go at movie theatre screenings, including at the Landmark Theatres and AMC Loews Lincoln Square.[46] Upon the film's release at the Telluride Film Festival, a writer for the Los Angeles Times called the film an "Oscar wild card". He believed its reviews were "likely to be split between those who consider the film a bleak masterpiece and others who find it straining so mightily for aesthetic perfection that it fails to provide a gripping narrative."[47] The Globe and Mail called Never Let Me Go one of 2010's "big noise" films.[48] In the United States, Never Let Me Go was released on DVD on 1 February 2011.[49] By 6 February, it had sold 44,911 units (amounting to US$628,305 in consumer revenue) and was the 17th-best selling DVD for that week.[50][when?] the DVD sales revenue stands at US$1,886,997.[50]

text: Box office[edit]

text: In its opening weekend in the United Kingdom, between 11–13 February 2011, it took ninth place at the box office. Playing on 265 screens, it took in an estimated £625,000, which was considered as a disappointment by the British press.[51] In Never Let Me Go's next week, it had a 45% decrease in revenue, taking £338,404.[52] Never Let Me Go has made a total of £9,455,232 worldwide.

text: Never Let Me Go was released to four cinemas in its opening weekend in the United States, with an additional one hundred-sixty-three theatres added to its theatrical run later on.[1] The film became the number one-screening at these four theatres on its opening day,[46] and grossed slightly over US$44,500 from those select screenings.[1] In its opening weekend, the film made over US$111,700, averaging US$30,250 per theatre, taking 42nd place at the box office.[1] In its succeeding week, revenues for Never Let Me Go saw a 117% increase, making about US$241,000, with an average of nearly US$9,500 per theatre. It was the 28th top grossing film at the box office for that week.[1] By its third week of release, the film suffered a revenue decrease to around US$188,000, despite being screened at more theatres than the previous week.[1] After one month of release, it pulled in US$350,000, increasing nearly 90 percent from its previous weekend.[1]

text: According to a news piece published by the Los Angeles Times on 21 October, by Never Let Me Go's fifth week of release it had been labeled an "undeniable disappointment" commercially. The publication noted that when its release widened to over 200 theatres the previous weekend its per-theatre average was so low that its distributor decided to cut its screens in the succeeding weeks.[53] Based on answers from film experts and executives for Fox Searchlight, there were five factors to why the film commercially disappointed: its timing, airing too early in the year when lighter summer fare is still popular; a novel that is particularly difficult to adapt; mixed reviews from critics; its depressing tone; and its lack of appeal to male viewers.[53] In the following weeks Never Let Me Go began to gross under US$100,000 per weekend, going on to earn US$2.5 million in the US by the second week of December.[1]

text: Critical response[edit]

text: Never Let Me Go received generally positive reviews from critics, with the cast's performances being praised. The critical consensus on the film-critics aggregator Rotten Tomatoes states that "Mark Romanek has delivered a graceful adaptation that captures the spirit of the Ishiguro novel – which will be precisely the problem for some viewers." It holds a 71% rating based on 164 reviews.[54] David Gritten of The Daily Telegraph saluted the film, applauding the production and the performances of its supporting cast.[40] Saul Austerlitz, a correspondent to the Boston Globe, felt that the film struck a "mournful note" and believed that certain images in the film, such as a tree in an empty field, "possess a haunting power directly lifted from the best of Romanek's video work", while respecting the themes in Ishiguro's novel.[55]

text: The Hollywood Reporter critic Jay A. Fernandez said that Never Let Me Go was an engaging film, but he thought that its overall impact was not as emotionally devastating as the book.[35] Cleveland Magazine's Clint O'Connor strongly approved the acting performance of Garfield,[56] and Eric Kohn from IndieWire praised the script and the photography of Kimmel and Garland.[57]

text: Chris Knight of the National Post wrote that the film was able to capture the wistfulness and the unpredictable tone of Ishiguro's novel, but added that it "spills the beans much sooner".[58] Mark Jenkins of NPR called Never Let Me Go a "remarkably successful adaptation" of Ishiguro's book, but acknowledged that Romanek and Garland "do make a few missteps", which were mostly the result of the limitations imposed by turning the novel's contents into a film.[59] Entertainment Weekly film critic Owen Gleiberman described the film as feeling like a "period piece" and rated it a C+.[60] Reuters's Stephen Farber called the film a disappointment, because although it was "expertly acted, impeccably photographed, intelligently written" and "even intermittently touching", Never Let Me Go is "too parched and ponderous to connect with a large audience".[17] He said the film should have laid out more completely the logic of its parallel universe, such as the cloning process. He found its theme of the dangers of medical experimentation "rather tired".[17]

text: Slant writer Ed Gonzalez gave the film a two- out of four-star rating, saying the characters' actions do not feel "appropriately warped" while the interactions between the teachers and students is not "at all rife with the what-are-they-thinking-about-us mystery of the book".[61] Andrew O'Hehir of Salon.com wrote that Romanek "does so many difficult things beautifully in this movie". He thought the film carried a reminder that life is short regardless of how long it lasts rather than a "lecture about the horrors of human history".[62] Tom Preston from The Guardian described Mulligan and Garfield's acting as solid, while commenting that Knightley's emotional performances are occasionally jarring. He further wrote that although Never Let Me Go finely demonstrated subtlety, its screenplay could have been written with less compression in some parts.[63] Writing in Newsweek, Louisa Thomas praised the film for its beauty and its performances but declared that "there's something just missing here."[64]

text: Marshall Fine of The Huffington Post noted that like the novel, the film is difficult to embrace. He said that the film does work on a "suspense level", due to Romanek's creating a "quiet, leisurely pace that would not be out of place in a yoga class". He stated that he "no doubt was aiming for an eerie, Children of the Damned vibe, except that it's the children who are damned". The writer concluded that Never Let Me Go's final result is a "staid, lifeless tale that never talks about what it's about, or at least not enough to provoke deep thoughts on the subject."[65] Film critic Rex Roberts of Film Journal International thought that the film was moderately surprising given Romanek and Garland's previous work, saying that they "show real affinity for the subtle shades of resignation and quiet desperation that characterize Isighuro's [sic] prose and, as would be expected, accentuate the unsettling eeriness that pervades Never Let Me Go". Roberts felt that Mulligan and Knightley were not convincing in portraying their ages until the last third of the movie.[21]

text: The Canadian Press's Christy Lemire stated that the film was a "gorgeous, provocative look at humanity" and observed that like its characters, the film "demands much of its audiences emotionally". She concluded that Never Let Me Go is worth the investment.[66] The Los Angeles Times film critic Kenneth Turan thought that the film was "passionate about deliberation and restraint" and believed that the latter may not appeal to all audiences.[67] Scott Bowles, writing for USA Today, gave the film a negative review, declaring "never was a movie so bleak and empty". He claimed that Never Let Me Go did not "embrace the book's unrelentingly dark tones", but rather wallowed in them. He commented that not even the cast's performance, particularly Garfield's, were enough to redeem the film.[68] New York Times journalist Manohla Dargis said that the film presented "the aspect of a tasteful shocker" because its "cruelty is done so prettily and with such caution that the sting remains light".[69]

text: Accolades[edit]

text:
Award
Date of ceremony
Category
Recipients
Result

Alliance of Women Film Journalists[70]
10 January 2011
Most Beautiful Film
Never Let Me Go
Nominated

British Independent Film Awards[71]
5 December 2010
Best British Independent Film
Never Let Me Go
Nominated

Best Director
Mark Romanek
Nominated

Best Screenplay
Alex Garland
Nominated

Best Actress
Carey Mulligan
Won

Best Supporting Actor
Andrew Garfield
Nominated

Best Supporting Actress
Keira Knightley
Nominated

Detroit Film Critics Society[72]
16 December 2010
Best Actress
Carey Mulligan
Nominated

Breakthrough Performance
(Also for The Social Network)
Andrew Garfield
Nominated

Evening Standard British Film Awards[73]
7 February 2011
Best Actor
(Also for The Social Network)
Andrew Garfield
Won

Best Screenplay
Alex Garland
Nominated

Hollywood Film Festival[74]
25 October 2010
Hollywood Film Festival for Best Breakthrough Performance
(Also for The Social Network)
Andrew Garfield
Won

Independent Spirit Awards[75]
26 February 2011
Best Cinematography
Adam Kimmel
Nominated

London Film Critics' Circle[76]
10 February 2011
British Actor of the Year
Andrew Garfield
Nominated

Palm Springs International Film Festival[77]
8 January 2011
Breakthrough Performance Award
(Also for Wall Street: Money Never Sleeps)
Carey Mulligan
Won

Saturn Awards[78]
23 June 2011
Best Science Fiction Film
Never Let Me Go
Nominated

Best Actress
Carey Mulligan
Nominated

Best Supporting Actor
Andrew Garfield
Won

Best Supporting Actress
Keira Knightley
Nominated

Best Writing
Alex Garland
Nominated

San Diego Film Critics Society[31]
14 December 2010
Best Actress
Carey Mulligan
Nominated

Best Score
Rachel Portman
Won

Women in Film and Television Awards[79]
3 December 2010
Best Performance
(Also for An Education)
Carey Mulligan
Won