document_title: Pinot noir

question_text: what type of red wine is pinot noir

question_tokens: what type of red wine is pinot noir

text: Pinot noir

text: Description[edit]

text: Pinot noir's home is France's Burgundy region, particularly in Côte-d'Or. It is also planted in Argentina, Australia, Austria, Bulgaria, Canada, Chile, northern parts of Croatia, Czech Republic, the Republic of Georgia, Germany, Greece, Israel, Italy, Hungary, Kosovo, the Republic of Macedonia, Moldova, New Zealand, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Africa, Switzerland, Ukraine, United States and Uruguay. The United States has increasingly become a major pinot noir producer, with some of the best regarded coming from the Willamette Valley in Oregon and California's Sonoma County with its Russian River Valley and Sonoma Coast appellations. Lesser known appellations can be found in Mendocino County's Anderson Valley, as well as the Central Coast's Santa Lucia Highlands appellation, the Santa Maria Valley and Sta. Rita Hills American Viticulture Area in Santa Barbara County. In New Zealand, it is principally grown in Martinborough, Marlborough, Waipara and Central Otago.

text: The leaves of pinot noir are generally smaller than those of Cabernet Sauvignon or Syrah. The pinot vine is typically less vigorous than either of these varieties. The grape cluster is small and conico-cylindrical; shaped like a pine cone. Some viticultural historians believe this shape similarity may have given rise to the name.[4] In the vineyard pinot noir is sensitive to wind and frost, cropping levels (it must be low yielding for production of quality wines), soil types and pruning techniques. In the winery it is sensitive to fermentation methods, yeast strains and is highly reflective of its terroir with different regions  producing very different wines. Its thin skin makes it susceptible to bunch rot and similar fungal diseases. The vines themselves are susceptible to powdery mildew, especially in Burgundy infection by leaf roll and fanleaf viruses causes significant vine health problems. These complications have given the grape a reputation for being difficult to grow: Jancis Robinson calls pinot a "minx of a vine"[5] and André Tchelistcheff declared that "God made Cabernet Sauvignon whereas the devil made Pinot Noir."[5] It is much less tolerant of harsh vineyard conditions than the likes of Cabernet Sauvignon, Syrah, Merlot or Grenache.

text: However, pinot noir wines are among the most popular in the world. Joel Fleischman of Vanity Fair describes pinot noir as "the most romantic of wines, with so voluptuous a perfume, so sweet an edge, and so powerful a punch that, like falling in love, they make the blood run hot and the soul wax embarrassingly poetic."[6] Master Sommelier Madeline Triffon calls pinot "sex in a glass".[6]

text: The tremendously broad range of bouquets, flavors, textures and impressions that pinot noir can produce sometimes confuses tasters.[4] In the broadest terms, the wine tends to be of light to medium body with an aroma reminiscent of black and/or red cherry, raspberry and to a lesser extent currant and many other fine small red and black berry fruits. Traditional red Burgundy is famous for its savory fleshiness and  "farmyard" aromas (these latter sometimes associated with thiol and other reductive characters), but changing fashions, modern winemaking techniques, and new easier-to-grow clones have favored a lighter, more fruit-prominent, cleaner style.

text: The wine's color when young is often compared to that of garnet, frequently being much lighter than that of other red wines. This is entirely natural and not a winemaking fault as pinot noir has a lower skin anthocyanin (coloring matter) content than most other classical red / black varieties. Callistephin, the 3-O-glucoside of pelargonidin, an orange colored anthocyanidin, is also found in the berry skins of pinot noir grapes.[7]

text: However, an emerging, increasingly evident, style from California and New Zealand highlights a more powerful, fruit forward and darker wine that can tend toward Syrah (or even new world Malbec) in depth, extract, and alcoholic content.

text: Pinot noir is also used in the production of Champagne (usually along with Chardonnay and Pinot Meunier) and is planted in most of the world's wine growing regions for use in both still and sparkling wines. Pinot noir grown for dry table wines is generally low-yielding and of lesser vigour than many other varieties, whereas when grown for use in sparkling wines (e.g. Champagne) it is generally cropped at significantly higher yields.

text: In addition to being used for the production of sparkling and still red wine, pinot noir is also sometimes used for rosé still wines, Beaujolais Nouveau-styled wines, and even vin gris white wines. Its juice is uncolored.

text: History, mutants and clones[edit]

text: Pinot noir is almost certainly a very ancient variety that may be only one or two generations removed from wild, Vitis sylvestris, vines.[8] Its origins are nevertheless unclear: In De re rustica, Columella describes a grape variety similar to pinot noir in Burgundy during the 1st century CE,[4][9] however, vines have grown wild as far north as Belgium in the days before phylloxera, and it is possible that pinot represents a direct domestication of (hermaphrodite-flowered) Vitis sylvestris.

text: Ferdinand Regner  argued[10] that pinot noir is a cross between Pinot Meunier (Schwarzriesling) and Traminer, but this claim has since been refuted.[4] In fact Pinot Meunier has been shown to be a chimerical mutation (in the epidermal cells) which makes the shoot tips and leaves prominently hairy-white and the vine a little smaller and early ripening.[11] Thus Pinot Meunier is a chimera with two tissue layers of different genetic makeup, both of which contain a mutation making them non-identical to, and mutations of, pinot noir (as well as of any of the other color forms of pinot). As such, Pinot Meunier cannot be a parent of pinot noir, and, indeed, it seems likely that chimerical mutations which can generate pinot gris from other pinot (principally blanc or noir) may in turn be the genetic pathway for the emergence of Pinot Meunier.

text: Pinot gris is a pinot color sport (and can arise by mutation of pinot noir or pinot blanc), presumably representing a somatic mutation in either the VvMYBA1 or VvMYBA2 genes that control grape berry color. Pinot blanc is a further mutation and can either naturally arise from or give rise to pinot gris or pinot noir; the mutation–reversion path is multi-directional therefore. The general DNA profiles of both pinot gris and blanc are identical to pinot noir;[12] and other pinots, pinot moure and pinot teinturier, are also genetically similarly close. It should be noted therefore that almost any given pinot (of whatever berry color) can occur as a complete mutation or as a chimera of almost any other pinot[13] As such, suggestions that pinot noir is the fundamental and original form of the pinots are both misleading and highly tendentious. Indeed, if anything, pinot blanc may be the original human-selected form of pinot, although given the genetic variability of this longstanding genetic line, thinking of pinot as a familial cluster of grapes sharing a fundamental and common genetic core is almost certainly nearest the truth. It is this core around which the sub-varietally identifying color variations (blanc, rouge, noir, gris, rose, violet, tenteurier, moure, etc.) occur, along with the more striking chimeric morphological mutation that is Pinot Meunier, and the interesting further mutations of this variety as Pinot Meunier gris and as the non-hairy mutation which the Germans classify as 'Samtrot' (effectively 'Pinot red velvet').

text: A white berried sport of Pinot noir was propagated in 1936 by Henri Gouges of Burgundy, and there is now 2.5ha planted of this grape which Clive Coates[14] calls Pinot Gouges, and others call Pinot Musigny. There is however no published evidence, nor any obvious reason, to believe that this is other than a (possibly quite fine) form of Pinot blanc, having simply arisen as a selected natural mutation of the original Pinot noir in the Gouges' vineyard.

text: In the UK, the name 'Wrotham Pinot' is a permitted synonym for Pinot Meunier and stems from a vine that one of the pioneers of UK viticulture, Edward Hyams, discovered in Wrotham (pronounced 'root-am' or 'root-em') in Kent in the late 1940s. It was in all probability the variety known as 'Miller's Burgundy' which had been widely grown on walls and in gardens in Great Britain for many years. Archibald Barron writing in his book, Vines and Vine Culture, the standard Victorian work on grape growing in the UK, states that the 'Millers Burgundy' also was: found by [the famous horticulturalist] Sir Joseph Banks in the remains of an ancient vineyard at Tortworth, Gloucestershire – a county well known for its medieval vineyards. Hyams took the vine to Raymond Barrington Brock, who ran what was to become the Oxted Viticultural Research Station, and he trialed it alongside the many other varieties he grew. Brock said that when compared to supplies of Meunier from France, Wrotham Pinot: had a higher natural sugar content and ripened two weeks earlier. Hyams, ever the journalist in search of a good story, claimed that this vine had been left behind by the Romans although he provided absolutely no evidence for this. Brock sold cuttings of 'Wrotham Pinot' and the variety became quite popular in early English "revival" vineyards in the late twentieth century, although it is unlikely that many vines from the cuttings supplied by Brock survive in any present UK vineyards. Indeed, despite the fact that today virtually all plantings of Meunier in the UK stem from French and German nurseries, the name Wrotham Pinot is still a legally acceptable synonym for this variety, although little, if ever, used by UK growers.

text: Pinot noir can be particularly prone to mutation (suggesting it has active transposable elements), and thanks to its long history in cultivation there are hundreds of different clones in vineyards and vine collections worldwide. More than 50 are officially recognized in France compared to only 25 of the much more widely planted Cabernet Sauvignon.[15] The French Etablissement National Technique pour l'Amelioration de la Viticulture (ENTAV) has set up a program to select the best clones of pinot. This program has succeeded in increasing the number of quality clones available to growers. In the new world, particularly in Oregon, wines of extraordinary quality continue to be made from the (ex-University of California at Davis) Pommard (principally UCD4) and Wadensvil (UCD 1A and / or 2A) clones.[4]

text: Gamay Beaujolais is a Californian misnomer for a UCD clone series of upright-growing ('Pinot droit') pinot noir. Planted mostly in California it also became established in New Zealand.[16] In New Zealand, its disposition to poor fruit set in cool flowering conditions can be problematic. It has been claimed that the 'Gamay Beaujolais' Pinot noir was brought to California by Paul Masson.[17] But it was collected in France by Harold Olmo for UCD in the 1950s and was one of the first pinot noir vines this institution offered as a high health clonal line from about 1962 onward. However, it was misleadingly identified at UCD as a 'Gamay Beaujolais' type (of pinot noir). In general, these upright growing 'Pinot droit' clones are highly productive (in suitable, hot-to-warm, flowering conditions) and in California and New Zealand they give robust, burly, wines favored by those who like muscle rather than charm and velvety finesse in their Pinot noir wines.[citation needed] In Burgundy, the use of (highly productive) Pinot droit clones is reportedly still widespread in inferior, Village appellation, or even non-appellation, vineyards and Pinot droit is consequently regarded, arguably with very good reason, as a (genetic) sub-form significantly inferior to classical, decumbent, 'Pinot fine' or 'Pinot tordu', clonal lines of Pinot.

text: Frühburgunder (Pinot Noir Précoce) is an early-ripening form of Pinot noir.[18] Across the Pinot family, ripening in typical climates can be dispersed by as much as four, and even six, weeks between the very earliest (including Précoce) clones and the very latest ripening. Virus infection and excessive cropping significantly add to the delaying of Pinot noir ripening.

text: Gouget noir is sometimes confused as being a clone of Pinot noir but DNA analysis has confirmed that it is a distinct variety.[19]

text: Genome sequencing[edit]

text: In August 2007, French researchers announced the sequencing of the genome of Pinot noir.[20] It is the first fruit crop to be sequenced, and only the fourth flowering plant.

text: Crosses[edit]

text: In the Middle Ages, the nobility and church of northeast France grew some form of Pinot in favored plots, while peasants grew a large amount of the much more productive, but otherwise distinctly inferior, Gouais blanc. Cross-pollination may have resulted from such close proximity, with the genetic distance between the two parents imparting hybrid vigor leading to the viticultural selection of a diverse range of offspring from this cross (which may, nevertheless, have also resulted from deliberate human intervention). In any case, however it occurred, offspring of the Pinot - Gouais cross include: Chardonnay, Aligoté, Auxerrois, Gamay, Melon and eleven others.[12] Pinot noir was not necessarily the Pinot involved here; any member of the Pinot family appears genetically capable of being the Pinot parent to these ex-Gouais crosses.

text: In 1925, Pinot noir was crossed in South Africa with the Cinsaut grape (known locally by the misnomer 'Hermitage') to create a unique variety called Pinotage.

text: Regions[edit]

text: Australia[edit]

text: Pinot noir is produced in several wine growing areas of Australia, notably in the Southern Highlands in New South Wales, Yarra Valley, Geelong, the Bellarine Peninsula, Beechworth, South Gippsland, Sunbury, Macedon Ranges and Mornington Peninsula in Victoria, Adelaide Hills in South Australia, Great Southern Wine Region in Western Australia, all Tasmania, and the Canberra District in the Australian Capital Territory.

text: Austria[edit]

text: In Austria, Pinot noir is usually called Blauburgunder (literally Blue Burgundy) and produced in Burgenland and Lower Austria. Austrian Pinot noir wines are dry red wines similar in character to the red wines of Burgundy, mostly aged in French barriques. Some of the best Austrian Pinots come from Neusiedlersee and Blaufraenkischland (Burgenland), and Thermenregion (Lower Austria).

text: Canada[edit]

text: Pinot noir has been grown in Ontario for some time in the Niagara Peninsula and especially the Niagara-on-the-Lake and Short Hills Bench wine regions, as well as in Prince Edward County and on the north shore of Lake Ontario. It has also been grown recently in the Okanagan, here it is grown predominantly on the Naramata bench and in the northern Okanagan, Lower Mainland, and Vancouver Island wine regions of British Columbia, the Annapolis Valley region of Nova Scotia and the Lanaudière and Brome-Missisquoi regions of Quebec.

text: Chile[edit]

text: Pinot noir is produced at the Leyda Valley, one of the minor wine district of the Aconcagua wine region of Chile.

text: UK[edit]

text: Pinot noir is increasingly being planted in the U.K. and is now the second most widely planted variety, (305-ha in 2012) almost all of it for sparkling wine[citation needed].

text: France[edit]

text: Pinot noir has made France's Burgundy appellation famous, and vice versa.  Wine historians, including John Winthrop Haeger and Roger Dion, believe that the association between Pinot and Burgundy was the explicit strategy of Burgundy's Valois dukes. Roger Dion, in his thesis regarding Philip the Bold's role in promoting the spread of Pinot noir, holds that the reputation of Beaune wines as "the finest in the world" was a propaganda triumph of Burgundy's Valois dukes.[21] In any event, the worldwide archetype for pinot noir is that grown in Burgundy, where it has been cultivated since AD 100.

text: Burgundy's Pinot noir produces wines which can age well in good years, developing complex fruit and forest floor flavours as they age, often reaching peak 15 or 20 years after the vintage. Many of the wines are produced in small quantities. Today, the Côte d'Or escarpment of Burgundy has about 4,500 hectares (11,000 acres) of Pinot noir. Most of the region's finest wines are produced from this area. The Côte Chalonnaise and Mâconnais regions in southern Burgundy have another 4,000 hectares (9,900 acres).

text: In Jura département, across the river valley from Burgundy, the wines made from pinot noir are lighter.

text: In Champagne it is used in blending with Chardonnay and Pinot Meunier. It can also appear unblended, in which case it may be labeled blanc de noirs. The Champagne appellation has more Pinot planted than any other area of France.

text: In Sancerre it is used to make red and rosé wines, much lighter in style that those of Burgundy, refreshing served chilled, especially in warmer years when they are less thin.

text: In Alsace it is generally used to make Pinot-noir d'Alsace (fr), similar in character to red Burgundy and Beaujolais wines but usually consumed chilled. Prominent examples are Rouge de Barr and Rouge d'Ottrott. Pinot noir is the only red wine produced in Alsace.

text: Germany[edit]

text: In Germany it is called Spätburgunder (lit. "Late Burgundian"), and is now the most widely planted red grape.[22] Historically much German wine produced from Pinot noir was pale, often rosé like the red wines of Alsace; over-cropping and bunch-rot were major contributing factors to this. However, recently, despite the northerly climate, darker, richer reds have been produced, often barrel (barrique) aged, in regions such as Baden, Palatinate (Pfalz) and Ahr. These are rarely exported and are often expensive in Germany for the better examples. As "Rhenish", German Pinot noir is mentioned several times in Shakespearean plays as a highly prized wine.[23]

text: There is also a smaller-berried, early ripening, lower yield variety called Frühburgunder (Pinot Noir Précoce, lit. "Early Burgundian") which is grown in Rheinhessen and Ahr area and can produce good wines. In the last 20 years, efforts have been made to develop and husband good quality high health clones of Frühburgunder selected from Württemberg vineyards.[citation needed]

text: Italy[edit]

text: In Italy, where Pinot noir is known as Pinot nero, it has traditionally been cultivated in South Tyrol, the Collio Goriziano, Franciacorta, Oltrepò Pavese, Veneto, Friuli and Trentino. It is also planted in Tuscany.

text: In South Tyrol the variety is first noted 1838 as "Bourgoigne noir" in a grape wine buy list of the "k.u.k. Landwirtschafts-Gesellschaft von Tirol und Vorarlberg, Niederlassung Bozen" and later called "Blauburgunder" like in Austria. The first analytical descriptions are from Edmund Mach (founder of Ist. Agr. San Michele a.A.) in the year 1894: Friedrich Boscarolli - Rametz/Meran - Rametzer Burgunder 1890, Chorherrenstift Neustift - Blauburgunder 1890, R.v.Bressendorf - Vernaun/Meran - Burgunder 1890, C. Frank - Rebhof Gries Bozen - Burgunder 1889, Fr. Tschurtschenthaler - Bozen - Burgunder 1890 & 1891, Fr. Tschurtschenthaler - Bozen - Kreuzbichler 1889 & 1891 & 1887.[24]

text: Moldova[edit]

text: Large amounts of Pinot were planted in central Moldova during the 19th century, but much was lost to the ravages of phylloxera; Soviet control of Moldova from 1940 to 1991 also reduced the productivity of vineyards.

text: New Zealand[edit]

text: Pinot noir is New Zealand's largest red wine variety, and second largest variety overall behind sauvingnon blanc. In 2014, pinot noir vines covered 5,569 hectares (13,760 acres) and produced 36,500 tonnes of grapes.[25]

text: Pinot noir is a grape variety whose "importance" in New Zealand is extremely high. However, initial results were not promising for several reasons, including high levels of leaf roll virus in older plantings, and, during the 1960s and 1970s, the limited number and indifferent quality of Pinot noir clones available for planting. However, since this time importation of high quality clones and much-improved viticulture and winemaking has seen pinot noir, from Martinborough in the north to Central Otago in the south, win international awards and accolades. As the industry has matured, many of the country's top producers have made the decision no longer to submit their wines to reviews or shows.[26]

text: Slovenia[edit]

text:
In Slovenia, the pinot noir is produced especially in the Slovenian Littoral, particularly in the Goriška Brda sub-region. In smaller amounts, the Pinot noir is also produced in Slovenian Styria.
The wine is usually called Modri Pinot (Blue Pinot) or also Modri Burgundec (Blue Burgundy).

text: South Africa[edit]

text: With the growth of the South African wine industry into newer areas, Pinot noir is now also to be found in cool climate Walker Bay and Elgin, the two oldest Pinot regions in the country.

text: Spain[edit]

text: Not often found, Pinot noir has been produced in small amounts in Lleida province, Catalonia, under the appellation "Costers del Segre" DO.[27]  There is also a small vineyard of Pinot noir within DO Montsant which has the wine produced in Celler de Capçanes although as Pinot noir is not a permitted grape varietal within the DO, it is released under the broader DO Catalunya.[28]

text: Switzerland[edit]

text: Pinot noir is a popular grape variety all over Switzerland. In German-speaking regions of Switzerland it is often called Blauburgunder. Pinot noir wines are produced in Neuchâtel, Schaffhausen, St. Gallen and Bündner Herrschaft. In Valais, Pinot noir is also blended with Gamay to produce the well known Dôle.

text: United States[edit]

text: By volume most Pinot noir in America is grown in California, with Oregon second in production.[29] Other growing regions are the states of Washington, Michigan, and New York.

text: California wine regions known for producing Pinot noir are:

text:
Sonoma Coast AVA
Russian River Valley AVA
Central Coast AVA
Sta. Rita Hills
Monterey County / Santa Lucia Highlands
Santa Cruz Mountains AVA
Carneros District of Napa and Sonoma
Anderson Valley
Livermore Valley
San Luis Obispo County / Arroyo Grande Valley, Edna Valley

text: Oregon wine regions known for producing Pinot noir:

text:
Willamette Valley AVA
Dundee Hills AVA
Eola-Amity Hills AVA
Yamhill-Carlton District AVA
McMinnville AVA
Chehalem Mountains AVA
Ribbon Ridge AVA

text: Richard Sommers of HillCrest Vineyard in the Umpqua Valley of Oregon is the father of Oregon Pinot noir. An early graduate of UC Davis, Sommers moved north after graduation with the idea of planting Pinot noir in the Coastal valleys of Oregon. He brought cuttings to the state in 1959 and made his first commercial planting at HillCrest Vineyard in Roseburg Oregon in 1961. For this he was honored by the Oregon State House of Representatives (HR 4A).  In 2011 the State of Oregon honored him for this achievement and also for producing the first commercial bottling in the state in 1967. It was announced by the state of Oregon in the summer of 2012 that an historical marker would be placed at the winery in the summer of 2013.[30]

text: Sommers, who graduated from UC Davis in the early 1950s, brought Pinot Noir cuttings to Oregon's Umpqua Valley in 1959 and planted them at HillCrest Vineyard in 1961. These first Pinot noir cuttings came from Louis Martinis Sr.'s Stanley Ranch located in the Carneros region of Napa Valley. The first commercial vintage from these grapes was the noted 1967 Pinot noir although test bottlings were made as early as 1963. In the 1970s several other growers followed suit. In 1979, David Lett took his wines to a competition in Paris, known in English as the Wine Olympics, and they placed third among Pinots. In a 1980 rematch arranged by French wine magnate Robert Drouhin, the Eyrie vintage improved to second place. The competition established Oregon as a world-class Pinot noir producing region.[31][32]

text: The Willamette Valley of Oregon is at the same latitude as the Burgundy region of France, and has a similar climate in which the finicky Pinot noir grapes thrive. In 1987, Drouhin purchased land in the Willamette Valley, and in 1989 built Domaine Drouhin Oregon, a state-of-the-art, gravity-fed winery. Throughout the 1980s, the Oregon wine industry blossomed.

text: Recent popularity[edit]

text: Being lighter in style, Pinot noir has benefited from a trend toward more restrained, less alcoholic wines  around 12% alcohol by volume.

text: During 2004 and the beginning of 2005, Pinot noir became considerably more popular among consumers in the US, Australia, New Zealand and Asia as a result of the film Sideways,[33] and its deleterious effect on Merlot sales. Throughout the film, the main character speaks fondly of  Pinot Noir while denigrating Merlot.[34][35] Following the film's U.S. release in October 2004, Merlot sales dropped 2% while Pinot Noir sales increased 16% in the Western United States. A similar trend occurred in British wine outlets.[35][36][37][38][39][40] A 2009 study by Sonoma State University found that Sideways slowed the growth in Merlot sales volume and caused its price to fall, but the film's main effect on the wine industry was a rise in the sales volume and price of Pinot Noir and in overall wine consumption.[41] A 2014 study by Vineyard Financial Associates estimated that Sideways cost Merlot farmers over US$400m in lost revenue in the decade after its release.[42]


document_title: A Dark Rabbit Has Seven Lives

question_text: a dark rabbit has 7 lives episode 1

question_tokens: a dark rabbit has 7 lives episode 1

root

text: A Dark Rabbit Has Seven Lives

text: Plot[edit]

text: Kurogane Taito is a freshman in Miyasaka High. Ever since an injury to his leg (a snapped tendon) that prevented him from practicing karate, which he had excelled in since elementary school, he has always believed that he was an ordinary, regular guy. However, due to a promise exchanged with a beautiful Vampire (Most Ancient Sorcerer) Saitohimea nine years ago which he has forgotten about, he is in fact no longer ordinary. Nine years ago, Saitohimea injected him with a poison, which prevents him from dying as long as he doesn't die seven times within fifteen minutes. Shortly after his change, a boy named Kurenai Hinata attacked them with a demon and killed Taito six times in rapid succession. In order to prevent him from killing Taito outright, Saitohimea agreed to leave with Hinata and allow Taito's memory to be wiped. Subsequent to this, Saitohimea was experimented on and imprisoned in a dimension with no sound or light whatsoever, and Taito continued with his life as a normal human.

tag: p

text: Taito has recently been having a recurring dream concerning Saitohimea, although he is unable to remember her name. After saving Andou Mirai from being hit by a truck he is himself killed, however due to his conditional immortality, he survives. After his body picks up and reattaches his head, he begins to remember more details about Saitohimea and eventually recalls her name, which allows Saitohimea to regain her powers and escape from her prison. By this point, Taito has realized that not only are his most recent injuries healed, but his previous leg injury is also healed. He is attacked by the Church but is able to survive and he makes his way to the playground where he and Saitohimea met previously, where they are reunited.

text: Along with unlikely allies, Kurenai Gekkou, Miyasaka High's student council president and genius who is bent on avenging his parents as well as Andou Mirai, Gekkou's cute lightning demon familiar, Taito and Saitohimea have to contend against Gekkou's younger twin brother, Kurenai Hinata, who seeks to resurrect the powerful Vampire (Most Ancient Sorcerer) Bahlskra. Unknown to them, their destinies were already woven and foretold in an ancient prophecy of epic proportions.

text: Characters[edit]

text: Media[edit]

text: Light novels[edit]

text: The light novels are written by Takaya Kagami, with illustrations by Brazilian illustrator Yū Kamiya. Fujimi Shobo published 13 volumes under their Fujimi Fantasia Bunko imprint between November 25, 2008 and December 25, 2013. The ninth volume, released in December 2011, came bundled with an original video animation episode written by Takaya Kagami. The episode consist of three short stories, two based on ideas tweeted in by fans, and one as a crossover with another of Kagami's work, The Legend of the Legendary Heroes.[2][3]

text: Manga[edit]

text: As of July 2011, three volumes of the manga have been released.

text: Anime[edit]

text:
No.
Title
Original airdate

1
"900 Seconds of After School [Part One]"
"900-Byō no Hōkago (Zenpen)" (900秒の放課後<前編>)
July 9, 2011[4]

Kurogane Taito continues to have a recurring dream. A 6-year-old Taito sees a girl who he cannot remember while they sit together in the playground. She tells him that she will give him her poison and afterwards they will always be together, enticing him when he becomes frightened with comforting words. After biting him and giving him her poison, the girl confesses her love to him and encourages him to tell her he loves her as well, thus sealing the curse. Taito is then woken up as a high schooler by Shigure Haruka, whom we realize is a long time friend and a girl who has a crush on Taito. After a school day that includes bumping into the most popular boy in school, the cold hearted Kurenai Gekkou, Taito and Haruka split ways as Taito heads home. As he's crossing the street, he notices a sleeping truck driver headed straight for Andou Mirai, Gekkou's apparent subordinate, and jumps forward to push her out of the way only to be hit himself, an obvious killing blow... until Taito's head begins speaking to Mirai and his body stands by itself, grabbing the head and running off in a panic. As Taito frantically worries he suddenly remembers who the girl from his dream is, Saito Himea, the girl who enslaved him when he was younger and was taken away by a man who left Taito with no memories of Himea. When Taito speaks her name, she is released from her prison, turns into a fifteen-year-old and meets Taito at the playground from their youth. Gekkou arrives and stabs Himea through the chest, ending their long awaited reunion.

2
"900 Seconds of After School [Part Two]"
"900-Byō no Hōkago (Kōhen)" (900秒の放課後<後篇>)
July 16, 2011[5]

Gekkou and Mirai start fighting Taito and Himea, but are interrupted by Gekkou's brother Hinata. Taito uses up all six of his lives and seemingly dies while Himea screams his name and he wakes back up in class. "The new transfer student" Himea walks into class and jumps onto him, knocking both of them to the floor while everyone else is blushing. Haruka, who has been his friend and classmate since childhood is shocked. They meet Gekkou and Mirai, and Gekkou tells them they are going to be his "slaves" and work with them in the student council. Himea tells Taito they will be together forever while she clings to his arm.

3
"The (Moon) Sways by the Poolside"
""Tsuki" ga Yureru Pūrusaido" (《月》が揺れるプールサイド)
July 23, 2011[5]

Taito is torn between having lunch with Saitohimea or eating the meal that Haruka prepared. Luckily, he is saved by a call from Gekkou as insects have invaded the school and school has been cancelled for the day. It turns out that the school is situated in a place where portals from multiple dimension intersect and that the military are in charge of the area but no one over 18 can get into the area because of a barrier. Mirai is disappointed that swim classes were cancelled due to the bugs, and forces the others to join her at the pool but Gekkou walks off to the Student Council room. Mirai reveals to Taito how she was forced to contract with Gekkou. At the Student Council Room, Gekkou meets a messenger from the Tenma. The sky turns black, and the moon starts to glow while it starts to rain red liquid.

4
"The Seraphim Yet Unsung"
"Imada Tenma wa Utawarenai" (いまだ天魔は歌われない)
July 30, 2011[5]

A portal appears that supposedly leads to Tenma, and Gekkou and Mirai jump in. Saitohimea gets possessed by the red liquid, which is revealed to be Bahlskra. Bahlskra tries to permanently kill Taito because he is concerned for Saitohimea, but Saitohimea believes that Taito is the only one who can save her as he is not stained like they are. She then destroys Bahlskra. At the end, the Tenma is conversing with their observer on Earth who was created for the sole purpose so that Saitohimea does not complete the sacred spell, Bliss. The observer is revealed to be none other than Haruka, but she herself does not realize her dual life.

5
"And the Seraphim is Sung"
"Soshite Tenma ga, Utawareru" (そして天魔が、歌われる)
August 6, 2011[5]

Since Balhskra is gone, instead Bliss has taken over Saitohimea's body. Bliss is a spell that Saitohimea created when she was lonely a long, long time ago. Meanwhile, Gekkou meets with Tenma who states that the "witch was broken due to solitude" and reveals to him a prophecy where "Ramiel Lilith would destroy the world". Tenma gives him the power to stop Ramiel in exchange that they would not interfere with his "underlings". It seems that Saitohimea was hurting because she was unsure of Taito's feelings. Himea and Taito finally kiss and Taito finally reveals his feelings for Himea. Gekkou confronts Himea to see if she knows anything about Ramiel, but it seems like she doesn't. During this episode, Haruka is out shopping so she can make meals for Taito and at the end sees Hinata alive and well, waiting for her in front of her home.

6
"(Extracurricular) Activities While Passing Each Other By"
"Surechigai no "Kagai" Jugyō" (すれ違いの《課外》授業)
August 13, 2011[6]

Hinata appears to Haruka. Haruka is actually an observer sent by the monsters on the other side of the moon. He was thinking of using her against her masters, but it seems that she may be planning on rebelling them. Saitohimea suddenly drags Taito away to bring him on a date. An unknown male and female were watching their conversation nearby. Taito wants to become stronger and tries to unsuccessfully ask Gekkou for help. A guy dressed in a black suits enters the school and seems to be talking to a blue haired girl who suddenly just disappears. The guy is revealed to be Cross Philier Yuuichi, the new English teacher and Student Council advisor. Meanwhile, Saitohimea has almost dragged Taito out of the school before he apologizes that he can't go on a date and excuses himself saying that he had some plans for the day. Actually he was planning on training at the fight clubs and it seems that he has actually gotten stronger to the point that world fighters can't compete with him. Meanwhile Gekkou and Mirai are told about magical traps in the city and they go to several places, which seems to Mirai as if they're on a proper date. They meet Taito who is on his way back and Mirai tells his Saitohimea was crying. Taito realizes his mistakes and runs back to be with Saitohimea.

7
"The Pop-Quizzing New Teacher"
"Nukiuchi Tesuto no Shin'nin Kyōshi" (抜き打ちテストの新任教師)
August 20, 2011[6]

Taito wants to become stronger so he can protect Saitohimea. Gekkou sends him off to meet Eduluca who will grant any wish but takes "payment" of equal value. Before he makes his wish, Taito learns that Saitohimea came to Eduluca when he had died previously and exchanged a large amount of her power to revive him. Taito wishes to become strong but only through his own power. Eduluca is disappointed but grants his wish by planting within him a lot of useful and useless information but still takes something important to Taito though doesn't reveal what it is. Saitohimea offers to help Taito search for something helpful within the amount of information he was given, wherein Taito meets and forms a contract with Vishoub Eleranka. Meanwhile Cross appears in the Student Council room to reveal that the military has commissioned him to keep an eye on things. Gekkou calls the military incompetent and Cross reveals his superior speed to aggravate him into a scuffle and show him that he isn't as powerful as he thought himself to be.

8
"The Student Council of Remedial Students"
"Zen'in Hoshū no Seito-kai-shitsu" (全員補習の生徒会室)
August 27, 2011[6]

The group has arrived at a beach, which is meant to be an intensive training camp and even Izumi was invited to come. Cross tests out their limits and announces that each of them should become powerful enough even to beat ancient dragons. He also states that they would each be tested at the end and will not be able to leave the area's barrier if they fail. Cross thought he had everything planned out thinking that Izumi could be their cook... but after several days of eating curry for breakfast, lunch and dinner, decides to call for some help. During their break, Taito and the others are surprised by the appearance of Haruka.

9
"Dark Rabbit on the Beach"
"Namiuchigiwa no Kuro Usagi" (波打ちぎわの黒ウサギ)
September 3, 2011[6]

It seems that Haruka was asked by Cross to cook for the whole group. This leads to a lot of tension due to the love triangle between Taito, Saitohimea and Haruka. Izumi tries to cheer up Saitohimea and suggests the group have a test of courage event. Izumi thought she made sure that Saitohimea would get paired with Taito, but Cross interfered so he could pair with Taito. He pats Taito on the way back... and a dark demonic figure seems to awaken within Taito. The group finishes the night with fireworks, where Haruka confesses her feelings to Taito.

10
"Classmate Spirited Away"
"Kamigakushi no Dōkyūsei" (神隠しの同級生)
September 10, 2011[6]

While traveling, Saeko's vehicle is attacked and Haruka has been kidnapped by two male magic wielders called spellbreakers. Cross refuses to let Taito and the rest rescue her, saying that it's now a military matter. One of the spellbreakers appears to Saitohimea while she is alone and offers to release Haruka if she would surrender herself to them. Izumi tries to talk her out of it and then goes to Taito when she fails. She turns herself in to the spellbreakers, but they trap her instead and refuse Haruka. Taito and Gekkou then assault the school to open a gate to where the spellbreakers are. Meanwhile, while they assault the school it is revealed that the observer personality of Haruka's was the one who commissioned the spellbreakers. She promised to give them her knowledge about the Tenma if they would destroy the observer personality, seal up Saitohimea and then return her other self back to Taito.

11
"Summer Vacation Catastrophe"
"Natsuyasumi Katasutorofi" (夏休みカタストロフィ)
September 17, 2011[7]

Gekkou and Mirai fight with Cross while Taito makes his way to save Haruka and Saitohimea. The fight ends up with Cross threatening to kill Mirai and Gekkou bowing his head to Cross and asking him to spare her. Hinata appears and mocks his brother and Cross, and states that he knows all about the prophecy and that they are not even near his power level. Taito fights Hasga while Serge continues to seal up Saitohimea, even though they offer to let Taito return home with Haruka. Nyankichi shows up for a second, tells Taito to curse magic and disappears... even though his spell seemed to have no effect. Taito gets beaten to the point that he will permanently die, but continues to struggle and the two spellbreakers are reminded of when they were young kids in a similar situation. Gekkou arrives to help, but Taito refuses his help even though he uses his last drop of stamina to barely lightly punch Hasga. Saitohimea then wakes up, as Taito's spell seemed to have allowed her to analyze and counter Serge's sealing spell. She almost kills the two spellbreakers, but Taito asks that they just go home. Haruka seems to be fine, but without her other personality. The spellbreakers end up joining the school.

12
"Pale White Graduation"
"Honoka ni Shiroi Shūgyō-shiki" (ほのかに白い終業式)
September 24, 2011[7]

The summer holidays brings with it the summer heat! And so, Haruka decides to invite Taito to the public baths. Coincidentally, Izumi convinces Saitohimea to go as well and they meet Gekkou, Mirai and even Hasga and Serge there too. Hilarities then ensue. Meanwhile, Cross in a monologue reveals that the mysterious girl he was talking to in an earlier episode is called Liir and is currently with the student president and that the dark rabbit within Taito might awaken soon. Also seen in a monologue is Hinata, who talks to himself saying that his brother might actually be able to do something about the prophecy. After the baths, Taito and the rest of the group jump into a portal and leaves the series in a cliffhanger.

OVA
"A Dark Rabbit Has Seven Lives"
"Itsuka Tenma no Kuro Usagi" (いつか天魔の黒ウサギ)

After taking a nap, Mirai is thirsty and Gekkō refuses to buy her a drink. She notices a strange-looking potion on the table and chugs it despite Yūichi previously telling her not to touch it. The potion causes the person who consumed it to swap souls (thus switching bodies) with anyone he or she comes in contact with. The main cast spend the day inadvertently swapping bodies due to Mirai's carelessness.

tag: table


document_title: 2016 World Series

question_text: who had the best record in mlb 2016

question_tokens: who had the best record in mlb 2016

text: 2016 World Series

text: Background[edit]

text: Chicago Cubs[edit]

text: The Cubs made their eleventh appearance in the World Series; their only previous two championships were in 1907 and 1908, both against the Detroit Tigers. They lost their eight other appearances, in 1906 against the Chicago White Sox, in 1910 against the Philadelphia Athletics, in 1918 against the Boston Red Sox, in 1929 against the Athletics, in 1932 against the New York Yankees, in 1935 against the Tigers, in 1938 against the Yankees, and in 1945 against the Tigers.[5]

text: The Cubs qualified for the postseason by winning the National League Central, ending the regular season with the best record in the major leagues (103–58) for the first time since 1945; they also posted their highest winning percentage since 1935, and won their most games since 1910. The division title was their sixth since division play began in 1969, and their first since 2008.[6] They defeated the San Francisco Giants in four games of the NL Division Series before clinching their first NL pennant since 1945 with a sixth-game victory over the Los Angeles Dodgers in the NL Championship Series.[7][8][9]

text: For Cubs manager Joe Maddon, it was his second appearance in the World Series as manager – in 2008, he managed the Tampa Bay Rays when they beat the Boston Red Sox in seven games to win the AL pennant, then were defeated in five games by the Philadelphia Phillies in the World Series. It was also Maddon's third World Series appearance overall – in 2002, he was bench coach with the Anaheim Angels when they won the World Series in seven games.

text: Cleveland Indians[edit]

text: The Indians made their sixth appearance in the World Series. They won their first two championships in 1920 against the Brooklyn Robins and in 1948 against the Boston Braves. They lost their three most recent appearances in the Fall Classic, losing to the New York Giants in 1954, the Atlanta Braves in 1995, and the Florida Marlins in 1997.[10]

text: The Indians qualified for the postseason by winning the American League Central, their eighth division title and their first since 2007.[11] They defeated the Boston Red Sox in three games of the AL Division Series before clinching the pennant with a five-game victory over the Toronto Blue Jays in the AL Championship Series.[7]

text: For Indians manager Terry Francona, it was his third appearance in the World Series, which he entered carrying an unbeaten 8–0 record from past games in the Fall Classic. Francona has won two World Series championships, in 2004 and 2007, both with the Red Sox.[12]

text: This was the third postseason meeting between Francona and Maddon. They met in the 2008 ALCS and the 2013 AL Wild Card Game with Maddon's teams winning both times.

text: Summary[edit]

text: Chicago won the series, 4–3.

text:
Game
Date
Score
Location
Time
Attendance

1
000000002017-10-25-0000October 25
Chicago Cubs – 0, Cleveland Indians – 6
Progressive Field
3:37
38,091[14]

2
000000002017-10-26-0000October 26
Chicago Cubs – 5, Cleveland Indians – 1
Progressive Field
4:04
38,172[15]

3
000000002017-10-28-0000October 28
Cleveland Indians – 1, Chicago Cubs – 0
Wrigley Field
3:33
41,703[16]

4
000000002017-10-29-0000October 29
Cleveland Indians – 7, Chicago Cubs – 2
Wrigley Field
3:16
41,706[17]

5
000000002017-10-30-0000October 30
Cleveland Indians – 2, Chicago Cubs – 3
Wrigley Field
3:27
41,711[18]

6
000000002017-11-01-0000November 1
Chicago Cubs – 9, Cleveland Indians – 3
Progressive Field
3:29
38,116[19]

7
000000002017-11-02-0000November 2
Chicago Cubs – 8, Cleveland Indians – 7 (10)
Progressive Field
4:28 (0:17 delay)
38,104[20]

text: Game summaries[edit]

text: Game 1[edit]

text:
October 25, 2016, 8:10 pm (EDT) at Progressive Field in Cleveland, Ohio

Team
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
R
H
E

Chicago
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
7
0

Cleveland
2
0
0
1
0
0
0
3
x
6
10
0

WP: Corey Kluber (1–0)   LP: Jon Lester (0–1)
Home runs:
CHC: None
CLE: Roberto Pérez 2 (2)
Attendance: 38,091

text: Former Indians and Cubs player Kenny Lofton threw the ceremonial first pitch before Game 1.[21] Corey Kluber started for the Indians, and Jon Lester started for the Cubs.[22] Kyle Schwarber, who had missed nearly all of the 2016 season after tearing ligaments in his leg in the season's fourth game, was added to the Cubs' World Series roster and started as their designated hitter.[23][24] Schwarber struck out twice, but also doubled and drew a walk.[25] The double made Schwarber the first non-pitcher to get his first hit of the season in the World Series.[26]

text: Kluber made World Series history by striking out eight hitters in the first three innings.[27] Roberto Pérez became the first ever ninth-place hitter with two homers in a World Series game, the first Indians player to hit two homers in a Series game, and the first Puerto Rican-born player to hit two homers in a World Series game.[28] In the first, the Indians loaded the bases off of Lester on a single and two walks before José Ramirez's single drove in a run, then Lester hit Brandon Guyer with a pitch to force in another. Perez's home run in the fifth made it 3−0 Indians. In the eighth, Justin Grimm walked Guyer with two outs and allowed a single to Lonnie Chisenhall, then Hector Rondon allowed Perez's second home run of the night. Andrew Miller and Cody Allen finished the victory for the Indians despite Miller having to pitch out of a bases-loaded jam in the seventh, and the Indians took Game 1 of the series 6–0.[29] Francona's World Series winning streak reached nine with this victory.

text: Leading off the first inning, Dexter Fowler became the first African-American to play for the Cubs in a World Series.[30][31]

text: Game 2[edit]

text:
October 26, 2016, 7:08 pm (EDT) at Progressive Field in Cleveland, Ohio

Team
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
R
H
E

Chicago
1
0
1
0
3
0
0
0
0
5
9
0

Cleveland
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
4
2

WP: Jake Arrieta (1–0)   LP: Trevor Bauer (0–1)
Attendance: 38,172

text: Former Indians player Carlos Baerga threw the ceremonial first pitch before Game 2.[21] The start time for the game was moved up an hour, because of the possibility of heavy rain in the forecast.[32] Looking to tie the series at one game apiece, the Cubs sent Jake Arrieta to the mound against the Indians' Trevor Bauer. The Cubs also featured six players under age 25 in the starting lineup, a postseason record.[33] The Cubs started things off early as Kris Bryant singled in the first inning and Anthony Rizzo doubled to score Bryant and give the Cubs an early 1–0 lead.[34] Arrieta started well too, retiring the first two batters before walking back-to-back batters in the bottom of the first. However, Arrieta got a flyout to end the inning. The Cubs struck again in the third following a two-out walk by Rizzo and a single by Ben Zobrist. A single by Kyle Schwarber scored Rizzo from second and pushed the Cubs' lead to 2–0. Bauer was forced from the game in the fourth, and the Cubs struck again in the fifth. Rizzo walked again off of Zach McAllister, and Zobrist tripled to plate Rizzo.[35] Another run-scoring single by Schwarber off of Bryan Shaw and a bases-loaded walk by Addison Russell pushed the lead to 5–0.[36]

text: Arrieta continued to pitch well, walking three batters but holding the Indians without a hit into the sixth inning.[37] In the sixth, a double by Jason Kipnis ended the no-hitter, moved to third on a groundout and scored the lone Indians run of the game on a wild pitch by Arrieta.[38] Arrieta allowed another single and was lifted for reliever Mike Montgomery. Both teams threatened in the seventh but could not score and, following a single by Mike Napoli in the bottom of the eighth, Aroldis Chapman entered to finish the game for the Cubs. The win marked the Cubs' first World Series game victory since 1945 and tied up the series at one game all.[39] The game marked Indians manager Terry Francona's first loss in ten World Series games.

text: Game 3[edit]

text:
October 28, 2016, 7:08 pm (CDT) at Wrigley Field in Chicago, Illinois

Team
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
R
H
E

Cleveland
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
8
1

Chicago
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5
0

WP: Andrew Miller (1–0)   LP: Carl Edwards Jr. (0–1)   Sv: Cody Allen (1)
Attendance: 41,703

text: For Game 3, former Cubs player Billy Williams threw the ceremonial first pitch before the start of the game, and Groundhog Day star Bill Murray sang "Take Me Out to the Ball Game" during the seventh-inning stretch, to mark the Cubs' first World Series night game at home.[40] Chicago pitcher Kyle Hendricks started against Cleveland pitcher Josh Tomlin.

text: The game's only run came off a Coco Crisp single that scored Michael Martínez from third in the seventh inning. Josh Tomlin, Andrew Miller, Bryan Shaw, and Cody Allen combined to shut out the Cubs.[41][42] Allen earned his sixth postseason save as Javier Báez struck out swinging to end the game, leaving the tying and winning runs in scoring position. It was the fourth time in which the Cubs had lost in a shutout during the 2016 postseason.[43]

text: Game 4[edit]

text:
October 29, 2016, 7:09 pm (CDT) at Wrigley Field in Chicago, Illinois

Team
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
R
H
E

Cleveland
0
2
1
0
0
1
3
0
0
7
10
0

Chicago
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
2
7
2

WP: Corey Kluber (2–0)   LP: John Lackey (0–1)
Home runs:
CLE: Carlos Santana (1), Jason Kipnis (1)
CHC: Dexter Fowler (1)
Attendance: 41,706

text: For Game 4, former Cubs pitchers Greg Maddux and Ferguson Jenkins threw the ceremonial first pitches before the start of the game,[44] and actor Vince Vaughn sang "Take Me Out to the Ball Game" during the seventh-inning stretch.[45]

text: The Cubs struck first when Dexter Fowler doubled to lead off the first and scored on Anthony Rizzo's one-out single, but Kluber held them to that one run through six innings before Francona turned it over to the bullpen. In the second, Carlos Santana's leadoff home run off of Lackey tied the game; then, with two on, Kluber's RBI single put the Indians up 2−1. Kris Bryant committed two errors in that inning. Next inning, Jason Kipnis hit a leadoff double and scored on Francisco Lindor's single. In the sixth, Lonnie Chisenhall's sacrifice fly with two on off of Mike Montgomery made it 4–1 Indians. Next inning, Justin Grimm allowed a leadoff double and one-out hit-by-pitch before being relieved by Travis Wood, who gave up a three-run home run to Kipnis put to the Indians ahead 7–1. The Cubs got one run back in the eighth, on a Dexter Fowler home run off Andrew Miller, which was the first run he gave up in the post-season.[46][47] With the victory, the Indians were just one win away from a World Series championship.

text: Game 5[edit]

text:
October 30, 2016, 7:17 pm (CDT) at Wrigley Field in Chicago, Illinois

Team
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
R
H
E

Cleveland
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
2
6
1

Chicago
0
0
0
3
0
0
0
0
x
3
7
0

WP: Jon Lester (1–1)   LP: Trevor Bauer (0–2)   Sv: Aroldis Chapman (1)
Home runs:
CLE: José Ramírez (1)
CHC: Kris Bryant (1)
Attendance: 41,711

text: For Game 5, former Cubs star and Hall of Fame member Ryne Sandberg threw the ceremonial first pitch before the start of the game, and Eddie Vedder sang "Take Me Out to the Ball Game" during the seventh-inning stretch.[48] José Ramírez hit a home run for Cleveland in the second inning off of Jon Lester,[49] but the Cubs, facing elimination, scored three runs in the fourth inning off of Trevor Bauer. Kris Bryant led off the inning with a home run. After Bryant's home run, Anthony Rizzo doubled and Ben Zobrist singled. Addison Russell's RBI single put the Cubs up 2−1. After Jason Heyward struck out, Javier Baez's bunt single moved Zobrist to third before David Ross's sacrifice fly made it 3–1 Cubs.[50] The Indians cut their deficit to 3−2 off of Lester in the sixth on Francisco Lindor's RBI single that scored Rajai Davis from second base. With the tying run on second base in the seventh inning, Maddon brought in Aroldis Chapman, who threw  2 2⁄3 scoreless innings, earning his first save of the series and fourth overall in the postseason.[51]

text: Game 6[edit]

text:
November 1, 2016, 8:10 pm (EDT) at Progressive Field in Cleveland, Ohio

Team
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
R
H
E

Chicago
3
0
4
0
0
0
0
0
2
9
13
0

Cleveland
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
3
6
1

WP: Jake Arrieta (2–0)   LP: Josh Tomlin (0–1)
Home runs:
CHC: Kris Bryant (2), Addison Russell (1), Anthony Rizzo (1)
CLE: Jason Kipnis (2)
Attendance: 38,116

text: The last living member of Cleveland's 1948 World Series championship team, Eddie Robinson, attended Game 6 at Progressive Field.[54][55] Former Indians pitcher Dennis Martínez threw out the ceremonial first pitch before the game.[56]

text: The Cubs scored three runs in the first inning, all with two outs, on a Kris Bryant solo home run and a two-run double by Addison Russell after two singles off of Josh Tomlin.[57] In the third inning, the Cubs loaded the bases on a walk and two singles off Tomlin, who was relieved by Dan Otero. Following the pitching change, Russell hit a grand slam to extend the Cubs lead to 7–0.[58] Russell's grand slam was the first in a World Series game since Paul Konerko of the crosstown Chicago White Sox in 2005, as well as the first by a visiting player since Lonnie Smith in 1992. In the bottom of the fourth, Mike Napoli drove in Jason Kipnis, who doubled to lead off, with an RBI single to cut the deficit to 7–1. In the bottom of the fifth, Kipnis drove a ball over the left field wall for a solo home run to make it a 7–2 game. In the top of the ninth with a runner on and two outs, Anthony Rizzo drove a ball to right field for a two-run home run to make it 9–2.[59] In the bottom of the inning, Aroldis Chapman allowed a leadoff walk to Brandon Guyer and was relieved by Pedro Strop, who threw a wild pitch to move Guyer to second and Roberto Perez's RBI single made it 9−3 Indians with Perez thrown out at second for the second out. After Carlos Santana walked, Travis Wood relieved Strop and got Jason Kipnis to pop out to short to end the game and force a Game 7.

text: Russell's six RBIs tied a World Series single-game record.[52][53] Arrieta became the first NL starting pitcher to notch two road wins in a single World Series since Bob Gibson in 1967.[60]

text: Game 7[edit]

text:
November 2, 2016, 8:00 pm (EDT) at Progressive Field in Cleveland, Ohio

Team
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
R
H
E

Chicago
1
0
0
2
2
1
0
0
0
2
8
13
3

Cleveland
0
0
1
0
2
0
0
3
0
1
7
11
1

WP: Aroldis Chapman (1–0)   LP: Bryan Shaw (0–1)   Sv: Mike Montgomery (1)
Home runs:
CHC: Dexter Fowler (2), Javier Báez (1), David Ross (1)
CLE: Rajai Davis (1)
Attendance: 38,104

text: Game 7 of the series would go down as a classic, with some calling it the greatest Game 7 in World Series history, comparing it to 1960, 1991 and 2001 for its drama and tension.[61][62] Former Indians player Jim Thome threw the ceremonial first pitch before the game.[63] The pitching matchup was between MLB earned run average (ERA) champion Kyle Hendricks, who had started Game 3 for the Cubs, and Corey Kluber, who had won games 1 and 4 and was pitching on three days' rest. Kluber came into the game 4–1 in the postseason with a 0.89 ERA.[64]

text: Dexter Fowler led off the game with a home run for Chicago off Kluber, becoming the first player ever to hit a lead-off home run in a World Series Game 7.[65] The Indians tied the game in the bottom of the third inning with an RBI single by Carlos Santana, but the Cubs scored two runs in the fourth inning with a sacrifice fly by Addison Russell (Kris Bryant running aggressively to tag up from third on the short fly ball and slide under the tag at home) and a double by Willson Contreras. To start the fifth inning, Javier Báez hit a home run to center on the first pitch he saw to knock Kluber out of the game.[66] ALCS MVP Andrew Miller came on in relief and gave up a walk to Bryant and RBI single to Anthony Rizzo to push the lead to 5–1 (Bryant's aggressiveness again instrumental as he was attempting to steal second on the hit, allowing him to score all the way from first). In the bottom of the fifth inning, Hendricks retired the first two batters. A two-out walk to Santana persuaded Joe Maddon to relieve his starter. This move, along with others throughout the series, would be highly criticized afterward, as it appeared to some that Hendricks was pulled out too soon. (Maddon also drew criticism for having Javier Báez attempt a squeeze bunt with two strikes and Jason Heyward on third base in the 9th inning--Báez bunted the pitch foul for Strike 3.)[67]

text: Jon Lester, who had started Games 1 and 5, came on in relief for the first time since the 2007 ALCS, coincidentally also against the Indians.[68] David Ross committed a throwing error that allowed Jason Kipnis to reach base and put runners on second and third. A wild pitch that ricocheted off Ross's helmet allowed Santana and Kipnis to score, narrowing the Cubs' lead to 5–3.[69] To atone for his blunders, the 39-year-old Ross hit a home run to center, in his final at-bat of his career, in the top of the sixth to make it a 6–3 game, becoming the oldest player to hit a home run in a World Series Game 7.[70]

text: Lester retired the first two batters in the eighth inning, but was pulled after a José Ramírez single. Maddon opted to use Aroldis Chapman, who had thrown 42 pitches in Game 5 and was used in Game 6 despite the fact that the Cubs had already built a large lead. Brandon Guyer promptly hit a run-scoring double off Chapman, making the score 6–4. The next batter was Indians center fielder Rajai Davis, who had hit 55 career home runs in 11 seasons entering this game, and who was hitting .132 in the postseason up to that point. Davis hit a dramatic home run off Chapman, just barely clearing the left field wall and the left field foul pole, scoring Guyer and tying the game at 6. Davis's home run was the latest-occurring game-tying home run in World Series Game 7 history.[71]

text: With the game tied 6-6 after nine innings, a sudden cloudburst resulted in a 17-minute rain delay.[72] During the delay, Cub right fielder Jason Heyward called his teammates into a weight room behind Chicago's dugout and told them, "We're the best team in baseball. . . for a reason. . . Stick together and we're going to win this game."[73]

text: When play resumed in the top of the tenth, Kyle Schwarber led off with a single off Bryan Shaw to right and was replaced by pinch runner Albert Almora. Kris Bryant then hit a deep fly ball to center, and Almora tagged up to second base, in what was called the "savviest baserunning play of the season."[74] After an intentional walk to Anthony Rizzo, Ben Zobrist stepped up to the plate. Zobrist delivered a clutch RBI double into the left field corner, scoring Almora, and breaking the tie. Zobrist later said, "I was just battling, grinding up there. Fortunately, that last one he left over the plate and up to where I could just slap it down the line, and that was all I was trying to do."[75]

text: After another intentional walk to Addison Russell, Miguel Montero singled into left, scoring Rizzo and making the score 8–6.[76]

text: Carl Edwards Jr. was called on to finish off the Indians in the bottom of the tenth, but after retiring the first two hitters, he walked Brandon Guyer, who took second base on defensive indifference. Rajai Davis, following up on his eighth-inning heroics, lined a single to center, making it a one-run game. Maddon called on Mike Montgomery, who had zero career saves. Montgomery retired Michael Martinez with an infield grounder fielded by Bryant, who threw to Rizzo to end the game, series, and the Cubs' 108-year world title drought.[77][78] Zobrist was awarded the World Series MVP award after hitting .357 in the series and delivering the series-winning hit.[79][80]

text: Rizzo called the rain delay "the most important thing to happen to the Chicago Cubs in the past 100 years. I don't think there's any way we win the game without it." Cubs president Theo Epstein said that when he heard about the meeting called by Heyward, "Right then I thought, 'We're winning this game.'"[73]

text: The Cubs became the first team to come back from a 3–1 deficit to win the Series since the 1985 Kansas City Royals. They were also the first since the 1979 Pittsburgh Pirates to do so while winning Games 6 and 7 on the road, and the second team since the 1979 Pirates to win Game 7 as the visiting team, with the 2014 San Francisco Giants also having achieved that feat. With the Game 7 victory and including the wild card game in 2013, Maddon is 3-0 in postseason series against Terry Francona.

text: Composite line score[edit]

text: 2016 World Series (4–3): Chicago Cubs beat Cleveland Indians.

text:
Team
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
R
H
E

Chicago Cubs
6
0
5
5
5
1
0
1
2
2
27
61
5

Cleveland Indians
2
3
2
2
3
3
4
6
1
1
27
55
6

Home runs:
CHC: Kris Bryant (2), Dexter Fowler (2), Addison Russell (1), Anthony Rizzo (1), Javier Báez (1), David Ross (1)
CLE: Roberto Pérez (2), Jason Kipnis (2), Carlos Santana (1), José Ramírez (1), Rajai Davis (1)
Total attendance: 277,603   Average attendance: 39,658
Winning player's share: $368,871.59[81]   Losing player's share: $261,804.65[81]

text: Broadcasting[edit]

text: Television[edit]

text: Fox televised the series in the United States, under contract with Major League Baseball giving it exclusive rights to the World Series through 2021. Joe Buck was the network's play-by-play announcer, with John Smoltz as color commentator and Ken Rosenthal and Tom Verducci as field reporters.[82] Fox Deportes also aired the Series and provided a Spanish-language simulcast over-the-air via Fox's SAP audio, with Carlos Álvarez and Duaner Sánchez announcing.[83]

text: Sportsnet in English and RDS in French televised the series in Canada. Sportsnet used the MLB International feed produced by the MLB Network; Matt Vasgersian was MLB International's play-by-play announcer with the Toronto Blue Jays' play-by-play announcer Buck Martinez as their color analyst and MLB Network correspondent Lauren Shehadi and analyst Mark DeRosa as field reporters.[84] Alain Usereau and former Montreal Expos player Marc Griffin handled the French-language telecast for RDS.[85] BT Sport televised the series live in the United Kingdom and Ireland.[86] WAPA-TV transmitted the series to Puerto Rico, with Rafael Bracero at the helm of the station's sports commentary of the series.[87]

text: Ratings[edit]

text: Initial reports often utilize "fast national" ratings, which are subject to revision.[88] Game 7 had over 40 million viewers, the largest audience for a baseball game since Game 7 of the 1991 World Series, while the series as a whole was the first to average double-digit ratings nationally since 2009.[89][90]

text:
Game
Ratings
(households)
Share
(households)
U.S. audience
(in millions)
Ref

1
11.3
20
19.4
[91]

2
10.2
18
17.4
[92]

3
11.0
20
19.4
[93]

4
9.3
18
16.7
[94]

5
13.1
21
23.6
[95]

6
13.3
23
23.4
[96]

7
21.8
37
40.0
[97]

text: Radio[edit]

text: ESPN Radio's national network covered the World Series through affiliated stations, with Dan Shulman providing the play-by-play and Aaron Boone serving as color analyst.[82] Tampa Bay Rays pitcher Chris Archer appeared as a guest analyst for select innings of Games 1 and 2.[98]

text: Locally, the teams' flagship stations broadcast the series with their regular announcers. In Cleveland, WTAM (1100) and WMMS (100.7) carried the Indians' play-by-play with Tom Hamilton and Jim Rosenhaus, while in Chicago, WSCR (670) carried the Cubs' play-by-play with Pat Hughes, Ron Coomer, and Len Kasper.[99] The affiliate stations of the teams' regional radio networks were contractually obligated to carry the national ESPN Radio feed; even so, since both WSCR and WTAM are clear-channel stations, most of the eastern and midwestern United States was able to hear the local broadcasts.[100]

text: Celebration[edit]

text: Following the team's win in Game 7, Cubs fans congregated outside of Wrigley Field and the surrounding Wrigleyville neighborhood to celebrate the championship.[101][102] On November 4, the team's victory parade began at Wrigley Field and headed down Lake Shore Drive and Michigan Avenue at downtown for a noon rally at Grant Park.[103] Country singer Brett Eldredge sang a cover of "Go, Cubs, Go" during the rally.[104] The city of Chicago estimated that over five million people attended the World Series parade and rally celebration, which would make it one of the largest human gatherings in history.[105] Instead of waiting until their 2017 regular season trip to Washington, D.C., the Cubs chose to make the traditional White House visit during then-President, and Chicago native (and White Sox fan), Barack Obama's final week in office on January 16, 2017.