document_title: She Wore a Yellow Ribbon

question_text: who played tyree in she wore a yellow ribbon

text: She Wore a Yellow Ribbon

text: Plot[edit]

text: On the verge of his retirement at Fort Starke, a one-troop cavalry post, aging US Cavalry Captain Nathan Cutting Brittles (John Wayne) is given one last mission: to take his troop and deal with a breakout from the reservation by the Cheyenne and Arapaho following the defeat of George Armstrong Custer at the Battle of the Little Big Horn.

text: Brittles' task is complicated by being forced at the same time to deliver his commanding officer's wife and niece, Abby Allshard (Mildred Natwick) and Olivia Dandridge (Joanne Dru), to an eastbound stage and by the need to avoid a new Indian war. His troop officers, 1st Lt. Flint Cohill (John Agar) and 2nd Lt. Ross Pennell (Harry Carey, Jr.), meanwhile vie for the affections of Miss Dandridge while uneasily anticipating the retirement of their captain and mentor.

text: Assisting him with his mission is Capt. Brittles' chief scout, Sgt. Tyree (Ben Johnson), a one-time Confederate cavalry officer; his first sergeant, Quincannon (Victor McLaglen); and Maj. Allshard (George O'Brien), Brittles' long-time friend and commanding officer.

text: After apparently failing in both missions, Brittles returns with the troop to Fort Starke to retire. His lieutenants continue the mission in the field, joined by Brittles after "quitting the post and the Army". Unwilling to see more lives needlessly taken, Brittles takes it upon himself to try to make peace with Chief Pony That Walks (Chief John Big Tree). When that too fails, he devises a risky stratagem to avoid a bloody war by stampeding the Indians' horses out of their camp, forcing the renegades to return to their reservation.

text: The film ends with Brittles being recalled to duty as chief of scouts with the rank of Lt. Colonel and Miss Dandridge and Lt. Cohill becoming engaged.

text: Cast[edit]

text:
John Wayne as Captain Nathan Brittles
Joanne Dru as Olivia Dandridge
John Agar as Lieutenant Flint Cohill
Ben Johnson as Sergeant Tyree
Harry Carey Jr. as Lieutenant Ross Pennell

text:
Victor McLaglen as Sergeant Quincannon
Mildred Natwick as Mrs. Abbey Allshard
George O'Brien as Major Mack Allshard
Arthur Shields as Dr. O'Laughlin
Michael Dugan as Sergeant Hochbauer
Chief John Big Tree as Pony-That-Walks
Fred Graham as Sergeant Hench
Chief White Eagle as Chief Sky Eagle
Tom Tyler as Corporal Quayne
Noble Johnson as Red Shirt

text: Director John Ford's older brother Francis appears in only one scene as Connolly, the barman. Ford kept Francis on wages "for eight weeks even through Francis could have completed his scenes in less than a week."[5] Other uncredited cast members include: Harry Woods as Karl Rynders, the sutler; Cliff Lyons as Trooper Cliff; Mickey Simpson as Wagner, the blacksmith; Fred Libby as Corporal Kumrein; and Rudy Bowman as Private Smith.[6] Among Rynders' associates is veteran character actor Paul Fix (Harry Carey, Jr.'s father-in-law) in a small uncredited role.[7]

text: Production[edit]

text: Casting[edit]

text: Director Ford initially was uncertain who to cast in the lead role. However, he knew that he did not want John Wayne for the part—considering, among other factors, that Wayne would be playing a character over twenty years older than he was at the time. Reportedly, Wayne's 1948 performance in Red River changed Ford's mind, causing him to exclaim, "I didn’t know the big son of a bitch could act!"[8] Ford realized Wayne had grown considerably as an actor, and was now capable of playing the character he envisaged for this film. When shooting was completed, Ford presented Wayne with a cake with the message, "You're an actor now."[9] The role also became one of Wayne's favorite performances.[9] Wayne, himself, felt that his Academy Award nomination for Best Actor of 1949 should have been for She Wore a Yellow Ribbon instead of Sands of Iwo Jima.

text: Filming[edit]

text: The cast and crew lived in relatively primitive conditions in Monument Valley. Most slept in dirt-floor cabins that only had communal cold-water drum showers. The film was completed ahead of schedule and under budget.

text: Although the film's cinematographer, Winton Hoch, won an Academy Award for his work, filming was not a smooth creative process because of conflicts with Ford. Ironically one of the most iconic scenes from the film was created during a dispute. As a line of cavalry rode through the desert, a real thunderstorm grew on the horizon. Hoch began to pack up the cameras as the weather worsened only for Ford to order him to keep shooting. Hoch argued that there was not enough natural light for the scene and, more importantly, the cameras could become potential lightning rods if the storm swept over them. Ford ignored Hoch's complaints; completing the scene as the thunderstorm rolled in, soaking the cast and crew. Hoch later had filed a letter of complaint against Ford with the American Society of Cinematographers over the filming of this scene.[3]

text: The story of Hoch's refusal to shoot in this thunderstorm has often been repeated, but actor Harry Carey, Jr., who was on the set, contests it.[10][11] He says Ford had finished shooting for the day, but when the picturesque storm brewed he asked Hoch if they could shoot in the declining light. Hoch answered, "It's awfully dark, Jack. I'll shoot it. I just can't promise anything." Ford then instructed, "Winnie, open her up [the camera lens] and let's go for it. If it doesn't turn out, I'll take the rap." Winnie complied, saying, "Fair enough, Jack."[10]

text: Publicity[edit]

text: A theater poster featured the male lead wearing a yellow neckerchief with his uniform and a yellow banner (with proportions and shape evocative of a stylish ribbon) him behind him, that also looped some 270 degrees around the female lead's shoulders.


document_title: Balto (film)

question_text: who does the voice of steel in balto

question_tokens: who does the voice of steel in balto

root

text: Balto (film)

text: Plot[edit]

text: In New York City, an elderly woman, her granddaughter and her Siberian Husky, Blaze are walking through Central Park, looking for a memorial statue. As they seat themselves for a rest, the grandmother tells a story about Nome, Alaska back in 1925, shifting the film from live-action to animation. Balto, a wolfdog hybrid, lives on the outskirts of Nome with his adoptive father, a snow goose named Boris and two polar bears, Muk and Luk. Being half-wolf, Balto is shunned by dogs and humans alike. His only friends in town are a beautiful red husky named Jenna, whom Balto has a crush on, and her owner, Rosy. He is later challenged by the town's favorite sled dog, Steele, a fierce and arrogant Alaskan Malamute.

tag: p

text: Later that night, all of the children, including Rosy, fall ill with diphtheria and the doctor is out of antitoxin. The local wireless operator relays news of the outbreak and word travels to the territory capital of Juneau, where the governor orders antitoxin to be sent to Nome. However, severe winter weather conditions prevent medicine from being brought by sea or air and the closest rail line from Juneau ends at Nenana, 600 miles east of Nome. A dog race is held to determine the best-fit dogs for a sled dog team to get the medicine. Balto enters and wins, but Steele stamps on Balto's paw which causes him to growl at the musher, getting him disqualified out of fear that he might turn on the musher due to his wolfdog heritage. The team departs that night with Steele in the lead and later picks up the medicine successfully, but on the way back, conditions worsen and the disoriented team ends up stranded at the base of a steep mountainside slope with the musher knocked unconscious.

text: When the word reaches Nome that the sled team is missing, the town prepares for the worst. Balto sets out in search of the sled team, along with Boris, Muk and Luk. On the way, they are attacked by a huge grizzly bear, but Jenna, who followed their mark tracks, intervenes. The bear pursues Balto out onto a frozen lake, where it falls through the ice and drowns, while Muk and Luk dive in to save Balto from a similar fate. Jenna is injured in the bear fight and cannot continue. Balto instructs Boris and the polar bears to take her back home while he continues on alone; Jenna gives him her bandanna and Boris gives him some advice.

text: Balto eventually finds the team, but Steele does not want his help and attacks him repeatedly until he loses his balance and falls off a cliff. Balto takes charge of the team, but Steele, refusing to concede defeat, throws them off the trail and they lose their way again. While attempting to save the medicine from falling down a cliff, Balto himself falls. Back in Nome, Jenna is explaining Balto's mission to the other dogs, but they don't believe her. When Steele returns, he claims the entire team, including Balto, is dead; he uses Jenna's bandanna as supposed proof. However, Jenna sees through his lies and assures Balto will return with the medicine, but the others remain skeptical. Using a trick Balto showed her earlier, she places broken colored glass bottles on the outskirts of town and shine a lantern on them to simulate the lights of an aurora, hoping it will help guide Balto home.

text: When Balto regains consciousness, he is ready to give up hope, but when a large, white wolf appears and he notices the medicine crate still intact nearby, he realizes that his part-wolf heritage is a strength, not a weakness, and drags the medicine back up the cliff to the waiting team. Using his advanced senses, Balto is able to filter out the false markers Steele created. After encountering further challenges and losing only one vial, Balto and the sled team finally make it back to Nome. A pity-playing Steele is exposed as a liar and abandoned by the other dogs, ruining his reputation. Reunited with Jenna, Boris, Muk and Luk, Balto earns respect from both the other dogs and the townspeople. He visits a cured Rosy, who thanks him for saving her life.

text: Back in the present day, the elderly woman, her granddaughter and Blaze finally find Balto's memorial, and she explains the Iditarod trail covers the same path that Balto and his team took from Nenana to Nome. The woman is then revealed to be an older Rosy when she repeats the same line, "Thank you, Balto. I would have been lost without you," before walking off to join her granddaughter and Blaze. The film ends with the Balto statue standing proudly in the sunlight.

text: Cast and characters[edit]

text:
Kevin Bacon as Balto, a young adult male wolfdog; being half-husky and half-wolf. Jeffrey James Varab and Dick Zondag served as the supervising animators for Balto.
Bob Hoskins as Boris, a Russian snow goose and Balto's caretaker and sidekick. Kristof Serrand served as the supervising animator for Boris.
Bridget Fonda as Jenna, a female Husky and Rosy's pet as well as Balto's love interest. Robert Stevenhagen served as the supervising animator for Jenna.
Juliette Brewer as Rosy, Jenna's owner and a kind, excitable girl who was the only human in Nome who is kind to Balto. She falls ill along with the other children in town, but Balto brings the medicine to save their lives. David Bowers served as the supervising animator for Rosy.
Miriam Margolyes as old Rosy in the live-action sequences who tells her story to her granddaughter.
Jim Cummings as Steele, an Alaskan Malamute and Balto's rival who also has a crush on Jenna. Sahin Ersöz served as the supervising animator for Steele.
Phil Collins as Muk and Luk, a pair of polar bears.[5] Nicolas Marlet served as the supervising animator for Muk and Luk.
Jack Angel, Danny Mann and Robbie Rist as Nikki, Kaltag and Star (respectively), the three prominent members of Steele's team. William Salazar served as the supervising animator for the team.
Sandra Dickinson as Dixie, a female Pomeranian and one of Jenna's friends who adores Steele until his lies are exposed. Dickinson also voices Sylvie, a female Afghan Hound who is also Jenna's friend; and Rosy's mother. Patrick Mate served as the supervising animator for Sylvie and Dixie.
Lola Bates-Campbell as Rosy's unnamed granddaughter, who appears in the live-action sequences and is accompanied by her dog Blaze, a purebred Siberian Husky.
William Roberts as Rosy's father
Donald Sinden as Curtis Welch, the doctor
Bill Bailey as a butcher
Garrick Hagon as a telegraph operator
Frank Welker as Grizzly Bear

tag: ul

text: Historical differences[edit]

text:
The film portrays Balto (1919-March 1933) as a gray wolfdog. In real life, Balto was a pure bred Siberian Husky and was black and white in color.[6][7] Balto's colors changed to brown due to light exposure whilst on display in the Cleveland Museum of Natural History.[8] The makers of the film may have chosen to differentiate Balto from the other prominent sled dog of the movie, Steele, who also had a black and white coat.
The sled run to retrieve the medicine was a relay. Instead of being the leader of the first team, Balto was the leader of the last team to carry the medicine to Nome. The longest and most hazardous distance was traveled by the team led by Togo.[9][10]
In the sequels, Balto became a proud father with Jenna and they had a litter of puppies who grew up and moved on with their lives, but in real life, Balto was neutered and never sired a litter.
The medicine was never driven by the dogs alone and none of the mushers were incapacitated.[6]
Balto was never an outcast street dog as shown by the film, but was instead born in a kennel owned by the famous musher Leonhard Seppala, where he was trained until deemed fit for pulling a sled as the lead dog. Seppala was also the owner of Togo (1913-1929), whom he personally used to lead his dog team during the relay. Balto was used by one of Seppala's workers, Gunnar Kaasen.[6][7][9]
In the sequels, Balto continued living in Nome along with his family and friends (the events of the third film happened in 1928), but in real life, Balto and his team were sent to the Brookside Zoo (now the Cleveland Metroparks Zoo) in 1927 where they spent their last years. Balto rested there until his death on March 14, 1933 at the age of 14. After he died, his body was taxidermied and kept in the Cleveland Museum of Natural History, where it remains today.

text: Release[edit]

text: The film was theatrically released in the United States on December 22, 1995 and then international theatres on January 13, 1996 when it first premiered in Brazil.[3] Its release was vastly overshadowed by the performance of Disney•Pixar's Toy Story, which premiered a month earlier.[4]

text: Box office[edit]

text: The film ranked 15th on its opening weekend and earned $1.5 million from a total of 1,427 theaters.[11] The film also ranked 7th among G-rated movies in 1995. Total domestic gross reach up to $11,348,324.[4] While the film was not as successful at the box office, it was far more successful in terms of video sales. These strong video sales led to the release of two direct-to-video sequels: Balto II: Wolf Quest and Balto III: Wings of Change being created, though neither sequel received as strong a reception as the original film.

text: Critical reception[edit]

text: The film received mixed reviews upon release. According to review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, it holds a 52% rating based on 23 reviews.[12] Film critic Roger Ebert gave the film a positive review, describing the film as "a kids' movie, simply told, with lots of excitement and characters you can care about". He gave the film 3 out of 4 stars.[13] However, others, such as Susan Wloszczyna of USA Today, criticized the film for its lackluster voice work, particularly from Bacon, and its story.

text: Soundtrack[edit]

text:
BaltoSoundtrack album by Various artistsReleased
December 4, 1995Recorded
1994-1995Genre
Classical, Pop, Modern classical [14]Length
54:30Label
Universal

tag: table

text: Professional ratingsReview scoresSourceRatingLetsSingIt[15]

text: Balto: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack  is the soundtrack of the film, composed by James Horner.[14]

text: Track listing[edit]

text: No.TitleWriter(s)Performer(s)Length1."Reach for the Light"Steve Winwood, Barry Mann, Cynthia WeilSteve Winwood4:242."Main Title/Balto's Story Unfolds"  4:403."The Dogsled Race"  1:414."Rosy Goes to the Doctor"  4:055."Boris & Balto"  1:296."The Journey Begins"  5:067."Grizzly Bear"  5:238."Jenna/Telegraphing the News"  2:229."Steele's Treachery"  4:3810."The Epidemic's Toll"  3:2911."Heritage of the Wolf"  5:5412."Balto Brings the Medicine!"  4:5313."Reach for the Light (Long Version)"Steve Winwood, Barry Mann, Cynthia WeilSteve Winwood5:27Total length:54:30

text: Sequels[edit]

text: Two direct-to-video sequels of the film followed, made by the Universal Cartoon Studios with their animation done overseas by the Taiwanese studio Wang Film Productions. Kevin Bacon, Bob Hoskins, Bridget Fonda, and Phil Collins didn't reprise their roles. The first, Balto II: Wolf Quest, was released in 2002 and follows the adventures of one of Balto and Jenna's pups, Aleu, who sets off to discover her wolf heritage.[16] The second, Balto III: Wings of Change, was released in 2004. The storyline follows the same litter of pups from Balto II but focuses on Kodi as part of a U.S. Mail dog sled delivery team.[17] Unlike the original, neither sequels took any historical references from the true story of Balto.


document_title: Software release life cycle

question_text: when does the alpha release phase of a software project happen

text: Software release life cycle

text: History[edit]

text: Usage of the "alpha/beta" test terminology originated at IBM. As long ago as the 1950s (and probably earlier), IBM used similar terminology for their hardware development. "A" test was the verification of a new product before public announcement. "B" test was the verification before releasing the product to be manufactured. "C" test was the final test before general availability of the product. As software became a significant part of IBM's offerings, the alpha test terminology was used to denote the pre-announcement test and beta test was used to show product readiness for general availability. Martin Belsky, a manager on some of IBM's earlier software projects claimed to have invented the terminology. IBM dropped the alpha/beta terminology during the 1960s, but by then it had received fairly wide notice. The usage of "beta test" to refer to testing done by customers was not done in IBM. Rather, IBM used the term "field test".

text: Stages of development[edit]

text: Pre-alpha[edit]

text: Pre-alpha refers to all activities performed during the software project before formal testing. These activities can include requirements analysis, software design, software development, and unit testing. In typical open source development, there are several types of pre-alpha versions. Milestone versions include specific sets of functions and are released as soon as the functionality is complete.

text: Alpha[edit]

text: The alpha phase of the release life cycle is the first phase to begin software testing (alpha is the first letter of the Greek alphabet, used as the number 1). In this phase, developers generally test the software using white-box techniques. Additional validation is then performed using black-box or gray-box techniques, by another testing team. Moving to black-box testing inside the organization is known as alpha release.[1]

text: Alpha software can be unstable and could cause crashes or data loss. Alpha software may not contain all of the features that are planned for the final version.[2] In general, external availability of alpha software is uncommon in proprietary software, while open source software often has publicly available alpha versions. The alpha phase usually ends with a feature freeze, indicating that no more features will be added to the software. At this time, the software is said to be feature complete.

text: Beta[edit]

text: Beta, named after the second letter of the Greek alphabet, is the software development phase following alpha. Software in the beta stage is also known as betaware.[3] Beta phase generally begins when the software is feature complete but likely to contain a number of known or unknown bugs.[4] Software in the beta phase will generally have many more bugs in it than completed software, as well as speed/performance issues and may still cause crashes or data loss. The focus of beta testing is reducing impacts to users, often incorporating usability testing. The process of delivering a beta version to the users is called beta release and this is typically the first time that the software is available outside of the organization that developed it. Beta version software is often useful for demonstrations and previews within an organization and to prospective customers. Some developers refer to this stage as a preview, preview release, prototype, technical preview / technology preview (TP),[5] or early access. Some software is kept in perpetual beta, where new features and functionality are continually added to the software without establishing a firm "final" release.

text: Beta testers are people who actively report issues of beta software. They are usually customers or representatives of prospective customers of the organization that develops the software. Beta testers tend to volunteer their services free of charge but often receive versions of the product they test, discounts on the release version, or other incentives.

text: As the Internet has facilitated rapid and inexpensive distribution of software, companies have begun to take a looser approach to use of the word "beta".[6] In February 2005, ZDNet published an article about the recent phenomenon of a beta version often staying for years and being used as if it were in production level, disparagingly called "perpetual beta". It noted that Gmail and Google News, for example, had been in beta for a long period of time and were not expected to drop the beta status despite the fact that they were widely used; however, Google News did leave beta in January 2006, followed by Google Apps, including Gmail, in July 2009.[7] This technique may allow a developer to delay offering full support and responsibility for remaining issues. In the context of Web 2.0, people even talk of perpetual betas to signify that some software is meant to stay in beta state. Also, "beta" is sometimes used to indicate something more like a release candidate, or as a form of time-limited demo, or marketing technique.[8] Since the introduction of Windows 8, Microsoft has no longer been naming their software as a beta. Instead, they have been using the term preview for most pre-release software. Since the launch of the Windows Insider Program back in 2014, all pre-release builds that are released through the program are known as Insider Preview builds.

text: Open and closed beta[edit]

text: Developers release either a closed beta also called private beta or an open beta also called public beta; closed beta versions are released to a restricted group of individuals for a user test by invitation, while open beta testers are from a larger group, or anyone interested. Private beta could be suitable for the software that is capable to deliver value, but is not ready to be used by everyone either due to scaling issues, lack of documentation or still missing vital features. The testers report any bugs that they find, and sometimes suggest additional features they think should be available in the final version. Examples of a major public beta test include the following:

text:
Early customers purchased a "pioneer edition" of the WordVision word processor for the IBM PC for $49.95. In 1984, Stephen Manes wrote that "in a brilliant marketing coup, Bruce and James Program Publishers managed to get people to pay for the privilege of testing the product."[9]
In September 2000 a boxed version of Apple's Mac OS X Public Beta operating system was released.[10]
Microsoft's release of community technology previews (CTPs) for Windows Vista, between September 2005 and May 2006.[11]
Throughout 2009 to 2011, Minecraft was in public beta.
On December 29, 2014, all owners of Halo: The Master Chief Collection for the Xbox One were able to download and play the Beta of Halo 5: Guardians for free through January 18, 2015. Users of the Beta were reminded via an in-game popup that the release was a Beta and could contain some glitches, and were encouraged to communicate them through the Halo series online community.

text: Open betas serve the dual purpose of demonstrating a product to potential consumers, and testing among an extremely wide user base likely to bring to light obscure errors that a much smaller testing team might not find.

text: Release candidate[edit]

text: A release candidate (RC), also known as "going silver", is a beta version with potential to be a final product, which is ready to release unless significant bugs emerge. In this stage of product stabilization, all product features have been designed, coded and tested through one or more beta cycles with no known showstopper-class bugs. A release is called code complete when the development team agrees that no entirely new source code will be added to this release. There could still be source code changes to fix defects, changes to documentation and data files, and peripheral code for test cases or utilities. Beta testers, if privately selected, will often be credited for using the release candidate as though it were a finished product. Beta testing is conducted in a client's or customer's location and to test the software from a user's perspective.

text: Release[edit]

text: Once released, the software is generally known as a "stable release". The formal term often depends on the method of release: physical media, online release or a web application.

text: Release to manufacturing (RTM)[edit]

text: The term "release to manufacturing", also known as "going gold", is a term used when a software product is ready to be delivered. This build may be digitally signed, allowing the end user to verify the integrity and authenticity of the software purchase. A copy of the RTM build known as the "gold master" or GM is sent for mass duplication if applicable. RTM precedes general availability (GA) when the product is released to the public.

text: It is typically used in certain retail mass-production software contexts—as opposed to a specialized software production or project in a commercial or government production and distribution—where the software is sold as part of a bundle in a related computer hardware sale and typically where the software and related hardware is ultimately to be available and sold on mass/public basis at retail stores to indicate that the software has met a defined quality level and is ready for mass retail distribution. RTM could also mean in other contexts that the software has been delivered or released to a client or customer for installation or distribution to the related hardware end user computers or machines. The term does not define the delivery mechanism or volume; it only states that the quality is sufficient for mass distribution. The deliverable from the engineering organization is frequently in the form of a golden master media used for duplication or to produce the image for the web.

text: General availability (GA)[edit]

text: General availability (GA) is the marketing stage at which all necessary commercialization activities have been completed and a software product is available for purchase, depending, however, on language, region, electronic vs. media availability.[12] Commercialization activities could include security and compliance tests, as well as localization and worldwide availability. The time between RTM and GA can be from a week to months in some cases before a generally available release can be declared because of the time needed to complete all commercialization activities required by GA. At this stage, the software has "gone live".

text: Release to web (RTW)[edit]

text: Release to the web (RTW) or web release is a means of software delivery that utilizes the Internet for distribution. No physical media are produced in this type of release mechanism by the manufacturer. Web releases are becoming more common as Internet usage grows.

text: Support[edit]

text: During its supported lifetime, software is sometimes subjected to service releases, patches or service packs, sometimes also called "interim releases". For example, Microsoft released three major service packs for the 32-bit editions of Windows XP and two service packs for the 64-bit editions. Such service releases contain a collection of updates, fixes, and enhancements, delivered in the form of a single installable package. They may also implement new features. Some software is released with the expectation of regular support. Classes of software that generally involve protracted support as the norm include anti-virus suites and massively multiplayer online games. A good example of a game that utilizes this process is Minecraft, an indie game developed by Mojang, which features regular "updates" featuring new content and bug fixes.

text: End-of-life [edit]

text: When software is no longer sold or supported, the product is said to have reached end-of-life, to be discontinued, retired, or obsolete, but user loyalty may continue its existence for some time, even long after its platform is obsolete—e.g., the Atari ST and Sinclair ZX Spectrum.


document_title: Jack & Diane

question_text: what is the meaning of jack and diane

question_tokens: what is the meaning of jack and diane

text: Jack & Diane

text: Background and production[edit]

text: According to Mellencamp, "Jack & Diane" was based on the 1962 Tennessee Williams film Sweet Bird of Youth.[2] He said of recording the song: "'Jack & Diane' was a terrible record to make. When I play it on guitar by myself, it sounds great; but I could never get the band to play along with me. That's why the arrangement's so weird. Stopping and starting, it's not very musical." Mellencamp has also stated that the clapping wasn't supposed to be included in the finished song. It was recorded with the clapping in order to help keep tempo and then it was to be removed. However, he realized the song did not work without it.

text: The song was recorded at Criteria Studios in Miami, Florida, was produced by Mellencamp and Don Gehman (with Gehman also engineering), and backing Mellencamp were guitarists/backing vocalists Mick Ronson, Mike Wanchic, Larry Crane, drummer Kenny Aronoff, bassist/backing vocalist Robert Frank, and keyboardist Eric Rosser.[1]

text: In 1982, producer and guitarist Mick Ronson worked with Mellencamp on his American Fool album, and in particular on "Jack & Diane." In a 2008 interview with Classic Rock magazine, Mellencamp recalled:

text: "Mick was very instrumental in helping me arrange that song, as I'd thrown it on the junk heap. Ronson came down and played on three or four tracks and worked on the American Fool record for four or five weeks. All of a sudden, for 'Jack & Diane,' Mick said 'Johnny, you should put baby rattles on there.' I thought, 'What the fuck does put baby rattles on the record mean?' So he put the percussion on there and then he sang the part 'let it rock, let it roll' as a choir-ish-type thing, which had never occurred to me. And that is the part everybody remembers on the song. It was Ronson's idea."[3]

text: Charts[edit]

text:
Chart (1982)
Peak
position

Canada (RPM)[4]
1

Netherlands (Gfk)[5]
32

South Africa [6]
12

United Kingdom (UK Singles Chart)[7]
25

US Billboard Hot 100[8]
1

US Billboard Mainstream Rock Tracks[8]
3

US (Cash Box)[9]
1

text: Derivatives[edit]

text: The opening guitar riff and drum beat of "Jack & Diane" were sampled as a hook on Jessica Simpson's single "I Think I'm In Love With You", released in the summer of 2000, as well as "Rock Me" by AZ and Jermaine Dupri, released in 1998.

text: The song is parodied in The Simpsons episode "Three Gays of the Condo", when "Weird Al" Yankovic serenades Homer with a new version about Homer and Marge to convince him to move back home. A new version about TV credits plays during the credits. At The Simpsons Take the Hollywood Bowl, he would perform a full version of the parody.

text: Mutant X #18 opens with a variation on the opening lyrics of "Jack & Diane": "This is a story about Jack Lang and Diane Davidson. Two American kids from very diverse backgrounds."

text: The 2003 romantic comedy Something's Gotta Give billed its stars as simply "Jack & Diane" (i.e., Nicholson and Keaton), although the song itself was not used in the film.

text: Jack and Diane are the two Great Khans responsible for the Red Rocks Drug Lab in Fallout: New Vegas. All illegal "chems" in the game are said to originate with these two characters, either directly or indirectly, as Khans are the primary drug runners.

text: MKTO's 2014 song "American Dream" claims Jack left Diane thirty years ago.[10]

text: In the American ABC sitcom Black-ish, the protagonist's six-year-old twins are named Jack and Diane.

text: The fourth episode of the Netflix sitcom Lady Dynamite is called "Jack and Diane", as Maria Bamford assumes the fictional identity of one Diane to date a man named Jack Tripper. The episode concludes with a song named "People Pleaser" that parodies "Jack & Diane", edited in the style of the original video.

text: The single "No Such Thing as A Broken Heart" by Old Dominion mentions "Jack and Diane" in the opening verse as a love interest.


document_title: List of Power episodes

question_text: when does the last episode of power come on

text: List of Power episodes

text: Series overview[edit]

text:
Season
Episodes
Originally aired

First aired
Last aired

1
8
June 7, 2014 (2014-06-07)
August 2, 2014 (2014-08-02)

2
10
June 6, 2015 (2015-06-06)
August 15, 2015 (2015-08-15)

3
10
July 17, 2016 (2016-07-17)
September 25, 2016 (2016-09-25)

4
10
June 25, 2017 (2017-06-25)
September 3, 2017 (2017-09-03)

5
TBA
June 2018
TBA 2018

text: Episodes[edit]

text: Season 1 (2014)[edit]

text:
No.
overall
No. in
season
Title
Directed by
Written by
Original air date
U.S. viewers
(millions)

1
1
"Not Exactly How We Planned"
Anthony Hemingway
Courtney A. Kemp
June 7, 2014 (2014-06-07)
0.462[2]

James "Ghost" St. Patrick is the owner of 'The Truth' a recently opened and trendy New York City nightclub. Ghost hopes his new club's success will allow him to leave behind his previous life as a local drug kingpin, that his loyal wife, Tasha, supported to finance her lavish and self-indulgent lifestyle. But an attack by an unknown enemy threatens to tear his new life apart. With the help of his loyal friend, Tommy, Ghost must uncover who is after him.

2
2
"Whoever He Is"
Anthony Hemingway
Courtney A. Kemp
June 14, 2014 (2014-06-14)
0.614[3]

Ghost hosts a party for Vogue Magazine at Truth, while he and Tommy have to make a tough decision when their drug business is attacked. While Tasha laments Ghost's new nightclub career, he rekindles his relationship with Angela, who is a US State attorney working in pursuing Ghost's drug distributor Lobos.

3
3
"This Is Real"
John David Coles
Lauren Schmidt Hissrich
June 21, 2014 (2014-06-21)
0.472[4]

A model gets hospitalized after snorting bad cocaine at the nightclub. Ghost, Tommy and Josh investigate, while Josh suggests to involve the police. Meanwhile, the rift between Tasha and Ghost deepens when she visits the bank to find a lot of their money missing.

4
4
"Who Are You?"
John David Coles
Sascha Penn
June 28, 2014 (2014-06-28)
0.557[5]

Ghost and Tommy call a meeting between the gang leaders, while Angela plans to surveillance the encounter.

5
5
"I Gotta Go"
George Tillman Jr.
Randy Huggins
July 12, 2014 (2014-07-12)
0.528[6]

Ghost and Angela heat up their secret affair. Meanwhile, Tasha meddles with her daughters school audition, while at the same time she also interferes with the club's business. Tommy and Ghost begin to disagree over various aspects of both businesses and over Ghost's belief that gang leader Ruiz is the one behind the attacks.

6
6
"Who You With?"
George Tillman Jr.
Salvatore Stabile
July 19, 2014 (2014-07-19)
0.745[7]

Tommy makes peace with Ruiz while Angela places a wire on Nomar, a member of Ruiz's gang, so he can catch whoever was going to go make peace with Ruiz. Meanwhile, Ghost forgets Tasha's birthday, as he and Angela realize the wider effect that their affair may have. Also, Tommy's relationship with Holly deepens, and Angela has a family emergency.

7
7
"Loyalty"
Kari Skogland
Raphael Jackson Jr. & Damione Macedon
July 26, 2014 (2014-07-26)
0.754[8]

Tasha finally sees Angela for the first time. Ghost finally learns a friend may be responsible for the hits. Meanwhile, Angela attempts to stop an upcoming attack. Ghost makes a promise to Angela.

8
8
"Best Laid Plans"
Kari Skogland
Courtney A. Kemp & Vladimir Cvetko
August 2, 2014 (2014-08-02)
1.08[9]

Ghost plans a big party at Truth and makes a major decision in an attempt to become a legitimate businessman. Tommy decides to take more charge of the business.

text: Season 2 (2015)[edit]

text:
No.
overall
No. in
season
Title
Directed by
Written by
Original air date
U.S. viewers
(millions)

9
1
"Consequences"
Simon Cellan Jones
Courtney A. Kemp
June 6, 2015 (2015-06-06)
1.43[10]

Ghost recommits himself to the drug business following the failed attempt on his life.

10
2
"No Friends on the Street"
Stefan Schwartz
Gary Lennon
June 13, 2015 (2015-06-13)
1.12[11]

Tommy offers to help Ghost if he agrees to one major condition to use Angela to find out what she knows about them; Kanan's release from jail is a surprise to Ghost.

11
3
"Like We're Any Other Couple"
David Knoller
Randy Huggins
June 20, 2015 (2015-06-20)
1.11[12]

Ghost and Angela enjoy a vacation in Miami until reality intrudes on their fantasy life as a couple.

12
4
"You're the Only Person I Can Trust"
Bill Johnson
Lauren Schmidt
June 27, 2015 (2015-06-27)
1.30[13]

Ghost struggles to keep Angela, Tommy, Tasha and Simon Stern in his control.

13
5
"Who You Are and Who You Want to Be"
David Knoller
Raphael Jackson Jr. & Damione Macedon
July 11, 2015 (2015-07-11)
1.25[14]

Ghost and Tommy hustle to sell their product and pay Lobos; the FBI questions Holly.

14
6
"Why Her?"
Sanford Bookstaver
Gary Lennon
July 18, 2015 (2015-07-18)
1.25[15]

Angela learns that Jamie and Ghost are the same person; the drug syndicate welcomes a new member. Holly tells Tommy she was questioned by the feds. She handcuffs Tommy to the bed telling him to pick between her or Ghost thus ending their relationship. Tasha asks Ghost Why Her

15
7
"You're Not the Man"
Dennie Gordon
Vladimir Cvetko
July 25, 2015 (2015-07-25)
1.26[16]

Tommy becomes worried after Holly speaks with the feds. Tommy becomes paranoid and moves the drug money. Tasha wants to get a divorce from Ghost; but soon realize she will lose everything. Lobos arrives in New York; Ghost explains his actions to Angela. Angela clones Ghost's phone.

16
8
"Three Moves Ahead"
Rob Hardy
Randy Huggins
August 1, 2015 (2015-08-01)
1.04[17]

Ghost attempts to distance himself from Lobos before Angela gets to him. Ghost tells Tasha that he has a plan. Angela sees Ghost and Tommy entering a hotel to meet with Lobos. She calls for backup, both Tommy and Lobos are arrested. Ghost then messages Angela that he got a new phone causing her to toss the cloned one.

17
9
"Time's Up"
Jim McKay
Raphael Jackson Jr. & Damione Macedon
August 8, 2015 (2015-08-08)
1.37[18]

Tommy is pressured to flip on Lobos or go to jail; Ghost tries to do the right thing. Tommy goes to trial, and is later released. Shawn attempts to leave town with Tasha and the kids. Kanan sends his son Shawn to kill Ghost, but fails. Kanan finds out he didn't finish the job and later kills him.

18
10
"Ghost Is Dead"
Michael J. Bassett
Courtney A. Kemp & Safia Dirie
August 15, 2015 (2015-08-15)
1.54[19]

Bodies from Ghost's organization drop left and right, each death inching closer to Ghost and Tommy. Tasha learns of Shawn's death, believing it to have been Ghost's work. Kanan and Ghost fight with Ghost the victor, leaving him for dead and burning the evidence. Tommy learns of Ghost's involvement with Holly. Ghost reveals to Tommy that he was the one killing most of the members from the organization. Soon after, Tommy shows Ghost the fake ID of Holly and goes solo. Lobo's calls Tommy wanting him to work with him or lose everything. Angela and Ghost reconcile telling her Ghost is dead, but at the risk of her possibly losing her job. Greg threatens to put Angela and Ghost in jail. The police investigate a fire at Ghost's and Kanan's fight, revealing someone escaped, strongly implying Kanan is still alive.

text: Season 3 (2016)[edit]

text:
No.
overall
No. in
season
Title
Directed by
Written by
Original air date
U.S. viewers
(millions)

19
1
"Call Me James"
George Tillman Jr.
Courtney A. Kemp
July 17, 2016 (2016-07-17)
2.26[20]

Season 3 begins with Ghost out of the drug game, and Angela having to decide between love and honor. Also, Tasha is reeling from Shawn's death, and Tommy feels compelled to make some adventurous moves.

20
2
"It's Never Over"
Sanford Bookstaver
Gary Lennon
July 24, 2016 (2016-07-24)
1.74[21]

Ghost deals with loose ends before tangling with some new nightlife competition. Tommy confronts Tasha, who must learn to coexist with Angela. Later, Tommy finds an advisor in a former lover.

21
3
"I Got This on Lock"
Lukas Ettlin
Randy Huggins
July 31, 2016 (2016-07-31)
1.88[22]

Ghost sees an opportunity to take the clubs to the next level, but the past may catch up to him; Tommy joins Tasha in a scheme, while dealing with an uncontrollable contact.

22
4
"Don't Worry, Baby"
Larysa Kondracki
Heather Zuhlke
August 7, 2016 (2016-08-07)
1.72[23]

As the opportunity to expand the clubs evolves, Ghost is spread even thinner between Angela, the kids, business, and Tommy. While Tommy struggles with his decision, Kanan gets back into the life, and Angela starts to doubt her relationship with Ghost.

23
5
"Help Me"
Sanford Bookstaver
Damione Macedon & Raphael Jackson Jr.
August 14, 2016 (2016-08-14)
1.80[24]

Tommy searches for the person who tried to kill him; Ruiz is pressured by Greg to give up the true Ghost, while Angela attempts to keep them away; Proctor tells Ghost that he may have a new problem.

24
6
"The Right Decision"
Michael J. Bassett
Vladimir Cvetko
August 21, 2016 (2016-08-21)
2.11[25]

Tommy and Ghost get back together to take on a ruthless foe and enlist Tasha in hopes of evading detection by Angela and her team. Later, Tommy soldiers on, but Ghost comes undone at a vital juncture.

25
7
"Don't Go"
Rob Hardy
Safia M. Dirie
August 28, 2016 (2016-08-28)
1.84[26]

Angela reels after her breakup and faces difficult questions at work; Ghost scrambles to keep the club deal alive as he and Tommy are forced to re-enter the game; Dre learns the meaning of the La Arana card.

26
8
"Trust Me"
Jim McKay
Gary Lennon
September 4, 2016 (2016-09-04)
1.99[27]

Mike and Angela hunt for the mole; Angela gets a lead, while she must solidify Tommy's alibi; Tasha receives a warning as Tariq makes a dangerous new friend; Milan issues an edict to push a new product.

27
9
"I Call the Shots"
Magnus Martens
Damione Macedon & Raphael Jackson Jr.
September 18, 2016 (2016-09-18)
2.04[28]

Angela searches for the mole; Ghost works to regain the club deal; Kanan exerts a dark influence upon Tariq; Milan warns Tommy about the price of betrayal.

28
10
"In My Best Interest"
Michael J. Bassett
Courtney A. Kemp & Jeff Dix
September 25, 2016 (2016-09-25)
2.01[29]

While in the middle of throwing the party of a lifetime, Ghost must slip away to retrieve evidence; Tasha's attempt to save her family requires she enter an unlikely alliance, while Tommy contemplates a move that will impact everyone's present and future.

text: Season 4 (2017)[edit]

text:
No.
overall
No. in
season
Title
Directed by
Written by
Original air date
U.S. viewers
(millions)

29
1
"When I Get Out"
Stefan Schwartz
Courtney A. Kemp
June 25, 2017 (2017-06-25)
1.68[30]

In the Season 4 premiere, Ghost's arrest for the murder of Agent Knox leaves him facing threats from a number of sources, while Tasha scrambles to raise bail as the Feds build a case. Meanwhile, Tommy tries to get comfortable in his new role and seeks help recovering Tariq.

30
2
"Things Are Going to Get Worse"
Sanford Bookstaver
Heather Zuhlke
July 2, 2017 (2017-07-02)
1.44[31]

Ghost faces harassment; Proctor works to protect his client; the team discusses strategy for taking down St. Patrick; Tommy struggles to let go of his old duties; and Tasha tells the kids what's going on.

31
3
"The Kind of Man You Are"
Larysa Kondracki
Jeff Dix
July 9, 2017 (2017-07-09)
1.72[32]

Prosecutors turn up the heat, forcing Tommy's plan to divert their attention; Teresi obtains information about Ghost and engineers a blackmail scheme; in his father's absence, Tariq seeks out Kanan.

32
4
"We're in This Together"
J. Michael Muro
Warren Hsu Leonard
July 16, 2017 (2017-07-16)
1.72[33]

Mak brings back Angela to the prosecution team and assigns her a task that brings her face-to-face with Tasha; Julio struggles to manage the primeras below him and Tommy's behavior; Tariq continues running with Kanan.

33
5
"Don't Thank Me"
Sanford Bookstaver
Raphael Jackson, Jr. & Damione Macedon
July 23, 2017 (2017-07-23)
1.79[34]

With tensions high after Proctor's disqualification, Silver warns Ghost that Tasha may have to testify. Meanwhile, now aware of Ghost's innocence, Angela struggles to find a way to stop the prosecution. As Tommy faces mounting pressure from LaKeisha around their relationship and the weave shop, he's forced to come clean about his past. An old colleague resurfaces to offer Ghost and Tasha financial support with strings attached. And Teresi sets a plan in motion to eliminate Ghost, but things suddenly change when Ghost inadvertently proves he still has value.

34
6
"New Man"
Dennie Gordon
Gary Lennon
July 30, 2017 (2017-07-30)
1.83[35]

Returning to Truth -- and life as a free man -- Ghost finds himself trapped in a new business venture. Meanwhile, Tasha and LaKeisha plan to reopen the weave shop. Tommy escapes to Chicago for a meeting with the suppliers that takes an unexpected turn. Dre and Cristobal set a plan in motion to get rid of Julio. And with Ghost released from prison, Jukebox and Kanan revisit their plan to kidnap Tariq, sending Ghost on a wild chase to save him.

35
7
"You Lied to My Face"
Sanford Bookstaver
Vladimir Cvetko
August 6, 2017 (2017-08-06)
1.69[36]

As Ghost moves forward with his new business venture, the entire St. Patrick family is thrust into a new role in the public eye. Tasha seeks out Silver's help and their relationship deepens. When Tommy returns to New York, Dre talks himself into a promotion. And when Mak tells the whole prosecution team they're suspended, they start to form new alliances to find and take down Greg's real killer.

36
8
"It's Done"
Hernán Otoño
Raphael Jackson, Jr. & Damione Macedon
August 13, 2017 (2017-08-13)
1.81[37]

When Ghost sees the location for the business is gang-infested, he re-teams with Tommy to clean it up. As Tommy threatens war, his organization starts to destabilize. And, unhappy, Tariq looks to some old friends.

37
9
"That Ain't Me"
Victoria Mahoney
Raphael Jackson, Jr. & Damione Macedon
August 20, 2017 (2017-08-20)
1.90[38]

When Ghost realizes he's getting screwed, he starts playing dirty. After meeting the boss, Angela explores other options. Tommy gets proof that paints Kate in a new light. And with people after him, Tariq hatches a plan.

38
10
"You Can't Fix This"
Rob Hardy
Courtney A. Kemp & Monica Mitchell
September 3, 2017 (2017-09-03)
2.00[39]

Ghost and Tommy seek retribution after tragedy befalls the St. Patrick family; Tasha tries to keep things together at home; Angela attempts to figure out what Ghost is hiding.

text: Season 5 (2018)[edit]

text: June - 2018.