document_title: Australian Ninja Warrior

question_text: who are the hosts of australian ninja warrior

text: Australian Ninja Warrior

text: History[edit]

text: The series was announced in 2016 with applications open until 9 September 2016, with filming between November & December 2016 on Cockatoo Island.[2] The series was officially confirmed at Nine's upfronts in November 2016 with Rebecca Maddern announced as host.[3][4] A few days after the announcement, Ben Fordham was announced as second host & Freddie Flintoff as the series' sideline reporter.[5] The series began airing on 9 July 2017.[1]

text: The series was renewed for a second season during the season one final which was filmed between December 2017 & January 2018, with applications that closed by 3 September 2017.[6][7] On 11 October 2017, the series was officially confirmed for renewal at Nine’s upfronts, also confirming Fordham, Maddern & Flintoff returning for the second season.[8] The second season began airing on 8 July 2018.[9]

text: Format[edit]

text: Potential contestants go through a rigorous series of obstacles before the possibility of becoming the next Australian Ninja Warrior and win a cash prize, starting at $100,000. If there is no winner in a season the prize will jackpot and rise by $100,000 until someone eventually conquers Mount Midoriyama.

text: Series overview[edit]

text:
Season

Originally aired

Host(s)

Sideline reporter

Prize

Premiere

Finale

1

9 July 2017

25 July 2017

Rebecca MaddernBen Fordham

Freddie Flintoff

$100,000

2

8 July 2018

31 July 2018

$200,000

text: Season 1 (2017)[edit]

text: The first season premiered on 9 July, 2017, on Nine Network and concluded on 25 July, 2017. The season was filmed on Cockatoo Island, Sydney where 50 ninjas ran in each of the six qualifying heats, with the top 18 from each heat moving on to the Semi Finals. From the three semi finals, the top 7 competitors moved on to the Grand Final. 9 Competitors finished stage one of the Grand Final, but none completed stage two.

text: Season 2 (2018)[edit]

text: The second season premiered on 8 July, 2018, on Nine Network. The season was filmed on Cockatoo Island, Sydney. In this season there was a total of over 300 ninjas, each was place into one of the six heats, with the top 20 in each heat advancing to the Semi Finals. In each of the four Semi Finals, the top 8 competitors continued to the Grand Final. In the Grand Final, stage one was completed by 24 competitors, though none of them completed stage two.

text: Viewership[edit]

text:
Season

Episodes

Premiered

Ended

Season average

Network

Date

Premiere viewers(millions)

Date

Finale viewers(millions)

Final stage viewers(millions)

Viewers (millions)

1

9

9 July 2017

1.680[10]

25 July 2017

2.038[11]

2.145[11]

1.727[12]

Nine Network

2

12

8 July 2018

0.929[13]

31 July 2018

TBA

TBA

TBA

text: International broadcasts[edit]

text: On Australia Day, UK game show based channel, Challenge, announced that beginning from 18 February 2018, it would start airing episodes of Australian Ninja Warrior.[14]


document_title: Pacific Plate

question_text: what type of crust is the pacific plate made from

root

text: Pacific Plate

text: Boundaries[edit]

text: The north-eastern side is a divergent boundary with the Explorer Plate, the Juan de Fuca Plate and the Gorda Plate forming respectively the Explorer Ridge, the Juan de Fuca Ridge and the Gorda Ridge. In the middle of the eastern side is a transform boundary with the North American Plate along the San Andreas Fault, and a boundary with the Cocos Plate. The south-eastern side is a divergent boundary with the Nazca Plate forming the East Pacific Rise.[citation needed]

tag: p

text: The southern side is a divergent boundary with the Antarctic Plate forming the Pacific-Antarctic Ridge.[citation needed]

text: The western side, the plate is bounded by the Okhotsk Plate at the Kuril-Kamchatka Trench and the Japan Trench, forms a convergent boundary by subducting under the Philippine Sea Plate creating the Mariana Trench, has a transform boundary with the Caroline Plate, and has a collision boundary with the North Bismarck Plate.[citation needed]

text: In the south-west, the Pacific Plate has a complex but generally convergent boundary with the Indo-Australian Plate, subducting under it north of New Zealand forming the Tonga Trench and the Kermadec Trench. The Alpine Fault marks a transform boundary between the two plates, and further south the Indo-Australian Plate subducts under the Pacific Plate forming the Puysegur Trench. The southern part of Zealandia, which is to the east of this boundary, is the plate's largest block of continental crust.[citation needed]

text: The northern side is a convergent boundary subducting under the North American Plate forming the Aleutian Trench and the corresponding Aleutian Islands.[citation needed]

text: Paleo-geology of the Pacific Plate[edit]

text: The Pacific Plate is almost entirely oceanic crust, but it contains some continental crust in New Zealand, Baja California, and coastal California.[3]

text: The Pacific Plate has the distinction of showing one of the largest areal sections of the oldest members of seabed geology being entrenched into eastern Asian oceanic trenches. A geologic map of the Pacific Ocean seabed shows not only the geologic sequences, and associated Ring of Fire zones on the ocean's perimeters, but the various ages of the seafloor in a stairstep fashion, youngest to oldest, the oldest being consumed into the Asian oceanic trenches. The oldest member disappearing by way of the Plate Tectonics cycle is early-Cretaceous (145 to 137 million years ago).[6]

text: All maps of the Earth's ocean floor geology show ages younger than 145 million years, only about 1/30 of the Earth's 4.55 billion year history.[citation needed]


document_title: Epic Rap Battles of History

question_text: who played cleopatra in epic rap battles of history

text: Epic Rap Battles of History

text: History[edit]

text: The idea for historical figures rapping against each other was conceived by Ahlquist, who gave the idea to Shukoff as an improvised show, which was titled "Check OneTwo"; as the two worked on improvisation skits, along with Zach Sherwin, who has appeared on the series.[1] They were met with lots of difficulty at first and decided that it would fare much better as a YouTube series than an improv show. The first three rap battles were each shot on a $50 budget.[4] On September 26, 2010, the first rap battle was uploaded to YouTube, featuring Shukoff as John Lennon and Ahlquist as Bill O'Reilly.[5]

text: Before the web series existed on YouTube, Nice Peter and EpicLLOYD recorded their first song, which was a battle between Child's Play antagonist Chucky and actor Michael J. Fox.[6] The song was freestyle and poorly made; as a result, it was not released to the public. Instead, Shukoff and Ahlquist recorded their first official song for the first episode, "John Lennon vs Bill O'Reilly"

text: The 15th episode, called "The Final Battle", marked the end of the first season. This battle pitted EpicLLOYD and NicePeter against each other with cameos from all of the characters they had played over the 15 episodes. Epic Rap Battles of History later returned on December 8, 2011, hosted on their new channel (moving from NicePeter's personal channel), ERB, with behind-the-scenes videos on their second channel, ERB2.[7] Nice Peter and Maker Studios also created the official website for the series,[8] where fans could vote on winners for each video, and read short comical first-person biographies by each character.

text: On September 27, 2012, following a four-month pause after the "Steve Jobs vs. Bill Gates" episode, a video was released on the series' YouTube channel where EpicLLOYD (voicing to an animation of Theodore Roosevelt) announced that new episodes would be released every two weeks until the Christmas holidays,[9] starting with the 22nd episode "Frank Sinatra vs. Freddie Mercury" (aired on October 1, 2012).[10] "Moses vs. Santa Claus", aired on December 10, 2012, was the last battle before taking a break for the holidays.[11]

text: On February 17, 2013, Epic Rap Battles of History was nominated for five Streamy Awards, winning four of them.[12] Shukoff and Ahlquist also performed part of the Steve Jobs vs. Bill Gates battle live.

text: On September 9, 2013, ERB uploaded a trailer video on their channel announcing that Epic Rap Battles of History would return on October 7, 2013 for a third season.[13][14] On October 14, ERB released a second video with EpicLLOYD voicing Theodore Roosevelt, who announced the upcoming season's schedule.[15] The third season went on hiatus after the release of "Donald Trump vs. Ebenezer Scrooge" on December 19, 2013. In March 2014, an episode of Nice Peter's weekly show The Monday Show, published on March 11, and a third announcement video of Epic Rap Battles of History News, published on March 18, confirmed that Season 3 would continue on May 5, 2014. "Weird" Al Yankovic, Smosh, and Rhett and Link were also confirmed as guest appearances.[16] The third season concluded with the release of "Artists vs. TMNT" on July 14, 2014.

text: On September 30, 2014, a teaser video for the fourth season of Epic Rap Battles of History, featuring the Ghostbusters and MythBusters, was released; the series returned on November 10, 2014 with its 46th episode, "Ghostbusters vs. Mythbusters".[17] On December 15, 2014, when "Steven Spielberg vs. Alfred Hitchcock" was released, the fourth season went on hiatus. The season continued on May 25, 2015 and concluded with the release of the season finale, "Jim Henson vs. Stan Lee", on August 3, 2015.

text: It was confirmed in a podcast by NicePeter that there would be a fifth season, with pre-production starting in November 2015 once they came back from the world tour.

text: On December 16, the first off-season battle was released, entitled, "Deadpool vs. Boba Fett".

text: On February 26, 2016, it was announced that Season 5 would begin on May 2, 2016,[18] and on March 22 it was announced that production had begun.[19]

text: Season 5 officially began on May 2, 2016, with the release of the first battle of the season, "George R.R. Martin vs. J.R.R. Tolkien". ERB releases battles every other Monday as of the first half of Season 5.[20] On July 12, 2016, Alexander the Great vs. Ivan the Terrible was released. This marked the midseason break.[21] EpicLloyd later confirmed they were planning to return mid to late October. Filming began for the second half of Season 5 on September 23. On October 26, Season 5 resumed with "Donald Trump vs. Hillary Clinton". The final episode of season 5 was released on January 9, 2017, where EpicLloyd and NicePeter battle against each other once again, as it is a sequel to the Season 1 finale. Shukoff stated in September 2017 that ERB was on hiatus.

text: In 2016, Epic Rap Battles of History was nominated for an Emmy Award in the newly initiated category Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Short Form Variety Series at the 68th Primetime Emmy Awards.

text: Cast[edit]

text: Main cast[edit]

text:
Season
Characters

1

John Lennon, Darth Vader, Abraham Lincoln, Lady Gaga, Hulk Hogan, Ludwig van Beethoven, Stephen Hawking, Easter Bunny, Napoleon Dynamite, Vince Offer, Albus Dumbledore, The Cat in the Hat, Mr. Rogers, Christopher Columbus, Himself

2
Darth Vader, Master Chief, Luigi, Michael Jackson, Steve Jobs, HAL 9000 (voice), Freddie Mercury, Abraham Lincoln, Tenth Doctor, Batman, Santa Claus, Steve, Nikola Tesla (voice), Lance Armstrong, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Grigori Rasputin, Vladimir Lenin, Vladimir Putin

3
Darth Vader, Blackbeard, Bob Ross, Donald Trump, Ghost of Christmas Yet to Come, Rick Grimes, Bill Nye, George Washington, Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (voices)

4
Jamie Hyneman, Romeo Montague, Zeus (voice), Steven Spielberg, Michael Bay, Ted "Theodore" Logan, David Copperfield, RoboCop, Friedrich Nietzsche, Julius Caesar, Jim Henson, Kermit the Frog (voice)

Bonus Battle
Boba Fett (voice)

5
J. R. R. Tolkien, Thomas Jefferson, Austin Powers, Bruce Jenner, Ivan the Terrible, Abraham Lincoln, Charles Darwin, Tony Hawk, Himself

tag: table

text:
Season
Characters

1
Bill O'Reilly, Adolf Hitler, Chuck Norris, "Macho Man" Randy Savage, Johann Sebastian Bach, Genghis Khan, Napoleon Bonaparte, Benjamin Franklin, Gandalf, Thing 1 and Thing 2, James T. Kirk, Himself

2
Adolf Hitler, Leonidas I (voice), Mario, Elvis Presley, Bill Gates, Frank Sinatra, Mitt Romney, Clint Eastwood, Robin, Christmas Elves, Adam, Thomas Edison, Babe Ruth, Skrillex, Joseph Stalin, Mikhail Gorbachev

3
Adolf Hitler, Al Capone, Pablo Picasso, J. P. Morgan, Walter White, Superman, William Wallace, Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (voices and portrayals)

4
Adam Savage, Stay Puft Marshmallow Man (voice), Clyde Barrow, Thor (voice), Hannibal Lecter, Alfred Hitchcock, Bill S. Preston Esq, Harry Houdini, The Terminator, Stan Lee

Bonus Battle
Deadpool (voice)

5
George R. R. Martin, Gordon Ramsay, James Bond (Sean Connery), Bruce Banner, Frederick the Great, Donald Trump, Theodore Roosevelt, Himself

text: Recurring cast[edit]

text:
Actor
Characters

Season 1
Season 2
Season 3
Season 4
Season 5

Timothy DeLaGhetto
Kim Jong-Il

Sun Tzu

Zach Sherwin
Albert Einstein
Dr. Emmett Brown, Sherlock Holmes
Ebenezer Scrooge, Stephen King
Egon Spengler, Voltaire, Walt Disney
Alexander the Great, Wayne Gretzky

George Watsky
William Shakespeare
Fourth Doctor
Edgar Allan Poe

DeStorm Power
Mr. T

Kanye West
Shaka Zulu

Rhett and Link

Wilbur and Orville Wright
Donatello di Betto Bardi and Leonardo da Vinci
Meriwether Lewis and William Clark

Kimmy Gatewood

Marilyn Monroe

Hillary Clinton

Keegan-Michael Key

Mahatma Gandhi
Michael Jordan

Jordan Peele

Martin Luther King Jr.
Muhammad Ali

Ray William Johnson

Boba Fett (voice), Goku

KRNFX

Grant Imahara, Lao Tzu

Dan Bull

Jack The Ripper
Winston Churchill

text: Guest appearances[edit]

text:
Season 1

Lisa Donovan (left) portrayed Sarah Palin (right) in "Sarah Palin vs. Lady Gaga".

Actor
Character

Lisa "Nova" Donovan
Sarah Palin

Alex Farnham
Justin Bieber

Colin J. Sweeney
Billy Mays

Mickey Meyer
Dr. Seuss

Season 2

Iman Crosson (left) portrayed Barack Obama (right) in "Barack Obama vs. Mitt Romney".

Snoop Dogg (left) portrayed Moses (right) in "Moses vs. Santa Claus".

Actor
Character

Jesse Wellens
Leonidas (portrayal)

Jeana Smith
Gorgo (portrayal)

Bentley Green
Michael Jackson

Angela Trimbur
Cleopatra

Iman "Alphacat" Crosson
Barack Obama

Mike Diva
Bruce Lee

Kyle Mooney
Dr. Watson

Snoop Dogg
Moses

Jenna Marbles
Eve

Dante Cindamore
Nikola Tesla (portrayal)

Season 3

"Weird Al" Yankovic and Chali 2na (left) portrayed Isaac Newton and Neil deGrasse Tyson (right) respectively in "Sir Isaac Newton vs. Bill Nye".

Ian Hecox and Anthony Padilla (left) portrayed Michelangelo and Raphael (right) respectively in "Artists vs. TMNT".

Actor
Character

Atul Singh
Boba Fett (portrayal)

Brian Neunhoffer

Michelle Glavan
Miley Cyrus

Jessi Smiles
Joan of Arc

"Weird Al" Yankovic
Isaac Newton

Chali 2na
Neil deGrasse Tyson

Smosh
Michelangelo Buonarroti and Raphael Sanzio

Season 4

Grace Helbig and Hannah Hart (left) portrayed Juliet and Bonnie Parker (right) respectively in "Romeo and Juliet vs. Bonnie and Clyde".

MC Jin (left) portrayed Confucius (right) in "Eastern Philosophers vs. Western Philosophers".

Actor
Character

Mark Douglas
Raymond Stantz

Chris Gorbos
Peter Venkman

Walter Downing
Winston Zeddemore

Taylor Cu
Stay Puft Marshmallow Man (portrayal)

Mary Gutfleisch
Kari Byron

Chris Alvarado
Tory Belleci

Hannah Hart
Bonnie Parker

Grace Helbig
Juliet Capulet

Lauren Flans
Ellen DeGeneres

Nikki "November Christine" Jenkins
Oprah Winfrey

Wax
Quentin Tarantino

Ruggles Outbound
Stanley Kubrick

MC Jin
Confucius

Bonus Battle

Actor
Character

Robert Hoffman
Deadpool (portrayal)

Ivan "Flipz" Velez
Boba Fett (portrayal)

Season 5

Lilly Singh and T-Pain (left) portrayed Wonder Woman and Stevie Wonder (right) respectively in "Wonder Woman vs. Stevie Wonder".

Actor
Character

Mamrie Hart
Julia Child

J. B. Smoove
Frederick Douglass

Ben Atha
James Bond (Daniel Craig)

Jolie "NoShame" Drake
Caitlyn Jenner

Mike O'Hearn
The Hulk

Mike Betette
Pompey the Great

Meghan Tonjes
Catherine the Great

Brian Walters
Ash Ketchum

T-Pain
Stevie Wonder

Lilly Singh
Wonder Woman

text: Episodes[edit]

text:
Season
Episodes
Originally aired

First aired
Last aired

1
15
September 26, 2010 (2010-09-26)
November 16, 2011 (2011-11-16)

2
18
December 8, 2011 (2011-12-08)
April 22, 2013 (2013-04-22)

3
12
October 7, 2013 (2013-10-07)
July 14, 2014 (2014-07-14)

4
12
November 10, 2014 (2014-11-10)
August 3, 2015 (2015-08-03)

Bonus Battle
December 16, 2015 (2015-12-16)

5
12
May 2, 2016 (2016-05-02)
January 9, 2017 (2017-01-09)

text: Awards and nominations[edit]

text:
Awards and nominations for Epic Rap Battles of History

Year
Award
Category
Result
Recipient(s)

2013
3rd Streamy Awards
Best Writing: Comedy
Nominated
Peter Shukoff, Lloyd Ahlquist

Best Online Musician
Won
Peter Shukoff

Best Original Song
Won
Peter Shukoff, Lloyd Ahlquist ("Steve Jobs vs. Bill Gates")

Best Music Series
Won
Epic Rap Battles of History

Best Use of Fashion & Design
Won
Mary Gutfleisch

1st YouTube Music Awards
Video of the Year[22]
Nominated
"Barack Obama vs Mitt Romney"

Artist of the Year[22]
Nominated
Peter Shukoff, Lloyd Ahlquist

2014
4th Streamy Awards
Best Writing
Won
Peter Shukoff, Lloyd Ahlquist, Zach Sherwin, Dante Cimadamore, Mike Betette

Music Video
Won
"Goku vs. Superman"

Costume Design
Won
Sulai Lopez

Editing
Nominated
Andrew Sherman, Ryan Moulton, Daniel Turcan, Peter Shukoff

Collaboration
Nominated
Peter Shukoff, Lloyd Ahlquist, Snoop Dogg ("Moses vs. Santa Claus")

2015
5th Streamy Awards
Writing
Won
Peter Shukoff, Lloyd Ahlquist, Zach Sherwin, Dante Cimadamore and Mike Betette

Costume Design
Won
Sulai Lopez

Editing
Won
Andrew Sherman, Ryan Moulton, Daniel Turcan and Peter Shukoff

Collaboration
Won
Nice Peter, EpicLLOYD, Grace Helbig, and Hannah Hart

26th Producers Guild of America Awards
Outstanding Digital Series
Nominated
Epic Rap Battles of History

2016
27th Producers Guild of America Awards
Nominated

68th Primetime Emmy Awards
Outstanding Short Form Variety Series
Nominated

6th Streamy Awards
Collaboration
Nominated
Nice Peter, EpicLLOYD, Meghan Tonjes, Mike Betette and Zach Sherwin

2017
69th Primetime Emmy Awards
Outstanding Short Form Variety Series
Nominated
Epic Rap Battles of History


document_title: History of rail transport in India

question_text: when did the first train run in india

question_tokens: when did the first train run in india

text: History of rail transport in India

text: 1832–1852: Industrial railways[edit]

text: India's first railway proposals were made in Madras in 1832.[1] The Red Hill Railway, the country's first train, ran from Red Hills to Chintadripet bridge in Madras in 1837. It was hauled by a rotary steam-engine locomotive manufactured by William Avery. Built by Arthur Cotton, the railway was primarily used to transport granite stone for road-building work in Madras.[1] In 1845, the Godavari Dam Construction Railway was built at Dowleswaram in Rajahmundry. Also built by Cotton, it supplied stone for the construction of a dam over the Godavari River.[1]

text: On 8 May 1845, the Madras Railway was incorporated, followed that year by the East India Railway. On 1 August 1849, the Great Indian Peninsular Railway was incorporated by an act of parliament. The "guarantee system", providing free land and a guaranteed five-percent rate of return to private English companies willing to build railways, was finalized on 17 August 1849. In 1851, the Solani Aqueduct Railway was built in Roorkee. It was hauled by the Thomason steam locomotive, named after a British officer-in-charge of that name. The railway transported construction materials for an aqueduct over the Solani River.[1] In 1852, the Madras Guaranteed Railway Company was incorporated. In 1852 the Madras Guaranteed Railway Company was incorporated.

text: 1853–1924: Passenger railways and expansion[edit]

text: The country's first passenger train, which ran between Bombay's Bori Bunder station and Thane on 16 April 1853, was dedicated by Lord Dalhousie. The 14-carriage train was hauled by three steam locomotives: the Sahib, Sindh, and Sultan. Travelling 34 kilometres (21 mi), the train carried 400 people. The passenger line was built and operated by the Great Indian Peninsula Railway (GIPR).[2][3] It was built in 1,676 mm (5 ft 6 in) broad gauge, which became the country's standard for railways.

text: The first passenger train in eastern India ran from Howrah (near Calcutta) to Hoogly, a distance of 24 miles (39 km), on 15 August 1854. The line was built and operated by the East Indian Railway Company (EIR).[4] In May 1854, the Bombay-Thane line was extended to Kalyan with the Dapoorie viaduct over the Ulhas River[5] (India's first railway bridge). That year, the GIPR opened its first workshops in Byculla. In 1855, the BB&CI Railway was incorporated.[6] That August, the EIR Express and Fairy Queen steam locomotives were introduced.[7]

text: South India's first passenger train ran from Royapuram-Veyasarapady (Madras) to Wallajah Road in Arcot, a distance of 60 miles (97 km), on 1 July 1856. It was built and operated by the Madras Railway.[8] The Madras Railway's first workshop opened in Perambur (near Madras) that year, and the Bombay-Thane line was extended to Khopoli. In 1858, the Eastern Bengal Railway was incorporated.[9]

text: India's first tramway (a horse-drawn tramway) opened in Calcutta between Sealdah and Armenian Ghat Street, a distance of 3.8 kilometres (2.4 mi), on 24 February 1873.[10] The following year, the Great South Indian and Carnatic Railways merged to form the South Indian Railway Company. On 9 May 1874, a horse-drawn tramway began operation in Bombay between Colaba and Parel. The Calcutta Tramways Company was incorporated in 1880,[11] followed a decade later by the East Coast State Railway.

text: Lighting in passenger coaches was introduced by many railway companies in 1897. In 1902, the Jodhpur Railway was the first to introduce electric lighting as standard fixtures. Electric signal lighting was introduced between Dadar and Currey Road in Bombay in 1920.

text:
Railway maps of India

1865

1871

1893

1909

tag: ul

text: 1925–1950: Electrification and further expansion[edit]

text: The first railway budget was presented in 1925. On 3 February 1925, the first electric passenger train in India ran between Victoria Terminus (VT) and Kurla on 1,500 V DC overhead traction.[12] Cammell Laird and Uerdingenwagonfabrik manufactured the locomotives for this train. The VT-Bandra section was electrified (with an elevated platform at Sandhurst Road),[12] the Oudh and Rohilkhund Railway was merged with the EIR, the first railway budget was presented in the same year.[13][14] In 1926, the Kurla-Kalyan section was electrified with 1,500 V DC. Electrification to Poona and Igatpuri (both 1,500 V DC) over the Bhore and Thal Ghats was also completed,[12] and the Charbagh railway station in Lucknow was built that year. The Bandra-Virar section was electrified with 1,500 V DC in January 1928.

text: The Frontier Mail made its inaugural run between Bombay VT and Peshawar in 1928.[15] The country's first automatic color-light signals became operational, on GIPR's lines between Bombay VT and Byculla.[16] In 1928, the Kanpur Central and Lucknow stations opened. The Grand Trunk Express began running between Peshawar and Mangalore,[17] the Punjab Limited Express began running between Mumbai and Lahore, and automatic color-light signaling was extended to the Byculla-Kurla section the following year. On 1 June 1930, the Deccan Queen began service (hauled by a WCP-1—No. 20024, old number EA/1 4006) with seven coaches on the GIPR's electrified route from Bombay VT to Poona (Pune).[18] The Hyderabad Godavari Valley Railway was merged into Nizam's State Railway and the route of the Grand Trunk Express was changed to Delhi-Madras that year.

text: 1951–1983: Zonal re-organisation and further developments[edit]

text: The re-organisation of railways in India into regional zones began in 1951.[19] On 14 April of that year, the Southern Railway zone was created. On 5 November, the Central and Western Railway zones were created.[20] That year, the post of Chief Commissioner of Railways was abolished and the Railway Board adopted the practice of making its senior-most member the chairman of the board.[20] The government of West Bengal also entered into an agreement with the Calcutta Tramways Company to take over its administrative functions that year. The Northern, Eastern and North Eastern Railway zones were created on 14 April 1952.[20]

text: Fans and lights were mandated for all compartments in all classes of passenger accommodations in 1952, and sleeping accommodations were introduced in coaches. On 1 August 1955, the South-Eastern zone was split off from the Eastern Railway zone. A divisional system of administration was established for the zones in 1956, and the first fully air-conditioned train was introduced (between Howrah and Delhi).[21]

text: In 1957, after successful trials in France, SNCF proposed 25 kV AC electrification for India's railways. Indian Railways decided to adopt 25 kV AC electrification, choosing SNCF as a technical consultant.[22] The Main Line Electrification Project (which later became the Railway Electrification Project and, still later, the Central Organisation for Railway Electrification) was established that year.[23] In 1958, the Northeast Frontier Railway zone split off from the North Eastern zone.[20] In 1959, Raj Kharswan to Dongoposi was the first section electrified with 25kV AC traction.[22] The first scheduled train using 25 kV AC traction ran on the Raj Kharswan-Dongoposi section on 11 August 1960.[22] The first containerized freight service began between Bombay and Ahmedabad in 1966, and 25 kV AC electrification of several suburban tracks around Delhi, Madras and Calcutta was completed. In 1979, the Main Line Electrification Project became the Central Organization for Railway Electrification (CORE).

text: 1984–Present: Rapid Transit and Later Developments[edit]

text: India's first metro train ran from Esplanade to Bhowanipur (now the Netaji Bhawan station) in Calcutta on 24 October 1984,[24] and the Calcutta Metro was the country's first rapid-transit line.[25]

text: In 1986, computerized ticketing and reservations were introduced in New Delhi.[26] The Shatabdi Express, India's fastest train, was introduced between New Delhi and Jhansi in 1988; the line was later extended to Bhopal.[27] In 1990, the first self-printing ticket machine (SPTM) was introduced in New Delhi. Air-conditioned, three-tier coaches and a sleeper class (separate from Second Class) were introduced in 1993.

text: On 16 January 1995, the first regularly-scheduled service with 2 x 25 kV traction began on the Bina-Katni line. In September 1996, the CONCERT system of computerized reservations began in New Delhi, Mumbai and Chennai. In 1998, coupon-validating machines (CVMs) were introduced at Mumbai CST. The CONCERT system became operational nationwide on 18 April 1999; the South East Central Railway zone was established and credit cards were accepted for tickets and reservations at some stations that year. In February 2000, the Indian Railways website went online.[28] On 6 July 2002, the East Coast, South Western, South East Central, North Central and West Central Railway zones were created.[29] Indian Railways (IR) began online train reservations and ticketing on 3 August of that year, with Internet ticketing extended to many cities on 1 December.[30] On 5 February 2012, The Western Railway zone (WR) ended its use of 1,500 V DC traction, switching to 25 kV AC traction.[31] The Tatkal system of ticketing was extended to all trains on 26 September 2013.

text: Gatimaan Express, India's fastest train with a maximum speed of 160 km/h, made its maiden journey from Delhi to Agra on 5 April 2016.[32] The Central Railway zone (CR) ended its use of DC traction in the Mumbai area and on the country's main-line rail network, switching to 25 kV AC traction on 11 April of that year.[33] On 31 March 2017, IR announced that India's entire rail network would be electrified by 2022.[34]


document_title: Beauty and the Beast (2017 film)

question_text: who plays belle in beauty and the beast movie

text: Beauty and the Beast (2017 film)

text: Plot[edit]

text: In Rococo-era France, an enchantress disguised as an old beggar woman arrives at a castle during a ball and offers the host, a coldhearted prince, a rose for shelter. When he refuses, she transforms him into a beast and his servants into household objects, and erases the castle from the memories of their loved ones. She casts a spell on the rose and warns the prince that the curse will never lift unless he learns to love another, and earn their love in return, before the last petal falls.

text: Some years later, in the small town of Villeneuve, Belle dreams of adventure and brushes off advances from Gaston, an arrogant former soldier. Lost in the forest, Belle's father Maurice seeks refuge in the Beast's castle, but the Beast imprisons him for stealing a rose from his garden as a birthday gift to Belle. Belle ventures out in search for him, and finds him locked in the castle dungeon. The Beast agrees to let her take Maurice's place.

text: Belle befriends the castle's servants, who invite her to a spectacular dinner. When she wanders into the forbidden west wing and finds the rose, the Beast, enraged, scares her into the woods. She is ambushed by a pack of wolves, but the Beast rescues her, and is injured in the process. As Belle nurses his wounds, a friendship develops between them. The Beast shows Belle a gift from the enchantress, a book that transports readers wherever they want. Belle uses it to visit her childhood home in Paris, where she discovers a plague doctor mask and realizes that she and her father were forced to leave her mother's deathbed when her mother succumbed to the plague.

text: In Villeneuve, Gaston sees rescuing Belle as an opportunity to win her hand in marriage, and agrees to help Maurice. When Maurice learns of his ulterior motive and rejects him, Gaston abandons him to the wolves. Maurice is rescued by the hermit Agathe, but when he tells the townsfolk of Gaston's crime but is unable to provide solid evidence, Gaston convinces them to send Maurice to an insane asylum.

text: After sharing a romantic dance with the Beast, Belle discovers her father's predicament using a magic mirror. The Beast releases her to save Maurice, giving her the mirror to remember him with. At Villeneuve, Belle proves Maurice's sanity by revealing the Beast in the mirror to the townsfolk. Realizing that Belle loves the Beast, Gaston has her thrown into the asylum carriage with her father, and rallies the villagers to follow him to the castle to slay the Beast. Maurice and Belle escape, and Belle rushes back to the castle.

text: During the battle, Gaston abandons his companion LeFou, who then sides with the servants to fend off the villagers. Gaston attacks the Beast in his tower, who is too depressed to fight back, but regains his spirit upon seeing Belle return. He overpowers Gaston, but spares his life before reuniting with Belle. However, Gaston fatally shoots the Beast from a bridge, but it collapses when the castle crumbles, and he falls to his death. The Beast dies as the last petal falls, and the servants become inanimate. When Belle tearfully professes her love to him, Agathe reveals herself as the enchantress and undoes the curse, repairing the crumbling castle, and restoring the Beast's and servants' human forms and the villagers' memories. The Prince and Belle host a ball for the kingdom, where they dance happily.

text: Cast[edit]

text:
Emma Watson as Belle, a young benevolent bibliophile woman who develops feelings for the Beast and begins to see the humanity within him.

Daisy Duczmal portrays an infant Belle.

Dan Stevens as Prince Adam / The Beast, a cold-hearted prince who is transformed into a beast and forced to earn back his humanity by learning to truly love and be loved in return.[11][12]

Adam Mitchell[3] portrays the younger version of the prince.

Luke Evans as Gaston, a narcissistic and arrogant hunter and veteran of the French Royal Army who is willing to go as far as it takes to have Belle as his trophy wife.
Kevin Kline as Maurice, Belle's protective widowed father.[13]

Jolyon Coy portrays the young Maurice.

Josh Gad as LeFou, Gaston's flamboyant and long-suffering sidekick who bolsters his friend's ego but gets very little in return.[14]
Ewan McGregor as Lumière, the Beast's charismatic bouteiller who has been transformed into a candelabra.[15]
Stanley Tucci as Maestro Cadenza, the neurotic court composer and Madame de Garderobe's husband who has been transformed into a harpsichord.[16]
Audra McDonald as Madame de Garderobe, a world-renowned opera singer and Cadenza's wife who has been transformed into a wardrobe.[17]
Gugu Mbatha-Raw as Plumette, one of the castle maids and Lumière's lover who has been transformed into a feather duster.[18]
Ian McKellen as Cogsworth, the Beast's gruff but loyal majordomo and the head of the household staff who has been transformed into a mantel clock.[19]
Emma Thompson as Mrs. Potts, the castle's motherly head housekeeper who has been transformed into a teapot.[13]
Hattie Morahan as Agathe, an impoverished hermit and resident of Villeneuve who, in reality, is the enchantress responsible for cursing the Prince.[20] Morahan also narrates the prologue.

Rita Davies portrays the enchantress in her beggar woman form. The film was released posthumously after Davies' death.

Nathan Mack as Chip, Mrs. Potts' plucky son who has been transformed into a teacup.[21]
Adrian Schiller as Monsieur D'Arque, the sly warden of the local asylum who is bribed by Gaston to have Maurice institutionalized.[20]
Gerard Horan as Monsieur Jean Potts, an absent-minded potter and resident of Villeneuve who is later revealed to be Mrs. Potts' husband and Chip's father.
Haydn Gwynne as Clothilde, a fishmonger and resident of Villeneuve who is later revealed to be Cogsworth's wife.
Michael Jibson as the Tavern Keeper, the owner and keeper of Villeneuve's local tavern where Gaston and the village residents drink.
Ray Fearon as Père Robert, Villeneuve's local chaplain who encourages Belle to borrow the books in the chapel's meager library.
Sophie Reid, Rafaëlle Cohen, and Carla Nella as the Village Lasses, a trio of women who fawn over Gaston and have a jealousy for Belle.
Jimmy Johnston, Dean Street, and Alexis Loizon as Tom, Dick, and Stanley, a trio of men who serve as Gaston's henchmen.
Zoe Rainey as Belle's mother, Maurice's late wife who contracted the plague and died when Belle was an infant.
Clive Rowe as Cuisinier, the castle's head chef who has been transformed into a stove.
Gizmo as Frou-Frou, Maestro Cadenza's and Madame de Garderobe's pet Yorkshire Terrier who has been transformed into a footstool.
Thomas Padden as Chapeau, the prince's valet who has been transformed into a coat rack.
Tom Turner[4] as The King, the prince's father who, following his wife's death, raised his son to be just as selfish and arrogant as he was.
Harriet Jones as The Queen, the prince's mother who died of an illness when he was a child.
Dale Branston as Villeneuve's residential baker.
Chris Andrew Mellon as Nasty Headmaster, the unnamed headmaster of an all boys school in Villeneuve that disapproves of Belle teaching a young girl how to read.
Vivian Parry as the Village Lass' mother, an unnamed seamstress.

text: Cast notes[edit]

text: ^ In the initial theatrical release, Mitchell was miscredited as Rudi Gooman in the cast, but listed under his real name in the soundtrack credits.[22]

text: ^ In the initial theatrical release, Turner is miscredited as Henry Garrett in the cast.[22]

text: Stephen Merchant also appeared in the film as Monsieur Toilette, a servant who was turned into a toilet. This character was cut from the film, but is featured in the deleted scenes.[23]

text: Production[edit]

text: Development[edit]

text: Previously, Disney had begun work on a film adaptation of the 1994 Broadway musical.[24][25] However, in a 2011 interview, composer Alan Menken stated the planned film version of the Beauty and the Beast stage musical "was canned".[26]

text: By April 2014, Walt Disney Pictures had already begun developing a new live-action version and remake of Beauty and the Beast after making other live-action fantasy films such as Alice in Wonderland, Maleficent, Cinderella and The Jungle Book.[27] In June 2014, Bill Condon was signed to direct the film from a script by Evan Spiliotopoulos.[28] Later in September of that same year, Stephen Chbosky (who had previously directed Watson in The Perks of Being a Wallflower) was hired to re-write the script.[29]

text: Before Condon was hired to direct the film, Disney approached him with a proposal to remake the film in a more radical way as Universal Studios had remade Snow White and the Huntsman (2012). Condon later explained that "after Frozen opened, the studio saw that there was this big international audience for an old-school-musical approach. But initially, they said, 'We're interested in a musical to a degree, but only half full of songs.' My interest was taking that film and doing it in this new medium—live-action—as a full-on musical movie. So I backed out for a minute, and they came back and said, 'No, no, no, we get it, let's pursue it that way.'"[30] Walt Disney Pictures president of production Sean Bailey credited Walt Disney Studios chairman Alan F. Horn with the decision to make the film as a musical: "We worked on this for five or six years, and for 18 months to two years, Beauty was a serious dramatic project, and the scripts were written to reflect that. It wasn't a musical at that time. But we just couldn't get it to click and it was Alan Horn who championed the idea of owning the Disney of it all. We realized there was a competitive advantage in the songs. What is wrong with making adults feel like kids again?"[31]

text: Casting[edit]

text: In January 2015, Emma Watson announced that she would be starring as Belle, the female lead.[32] She was the first choice of Walt Disney Studios chairman Alan F. Horn, as he had previously overseen Warner Bros. which released the eight Harry Potter films that co-starred Watson as Hermione Granger.[31] Two months later, Luke Evans and Dan Stevens were revealed to be in talks to play Gaston and the Beast respectively,[33][34] and Watson confirmed their casting the following day through tweets.[11][35] The rest of the principal cast, including Josh Gad, Emma Thompson, Kevin Kline, Audra McDonald, Ian McKellen, Gugu Mbatha-Raw, Ewan McGregor and Stanley Tucci were announced between March and April to play LeFou, Mrs. Potts, Maurice, Madame de Garderobe, Cogsworth, Plumette, Lumière and Cadenza, respectively.[14][13][17][19][18][15][16][36]

text: Susan Egan originated the role of Belle on Broadway, commented on the casting of Watson as "perfect".[37] Paige O'Hara, who voiced Belle in the original animated film and its sequels, offered to help Watson with her singing lessons.[38]

text: According to The Hollywood Reporter, Emma Watson was reportedly paid $3 million upfront, together with an agreement that her final take-home pay could rise as high as $15 million if the film generated gross box office income similar to Maleficent's $759 million worldwide gross.[39]

text: Filming[edit]

text: Principal photography on the film began at Shepperton Studios in Surrey, United Kingdom, on May 18, 2015.[13][40][41] Filming with the principal actors concluded on August 21.[42][43] Six days later, co-producer Jack Morrissey confirmed that the film had officially wrapped production.[44]

text: The Beast was portrayed with a “more traditional motion capture puppeteering for the body and the physical orientation", where actor Dan Stevens was "in a forty-pound gray suit on stilts for much of the film". The facial capture for the Beast was done separately in order to "communicate the subtleties of the human face" and "[capture the] thought that occurs to him" which gets "through [to] the eyes, which are the last human element in the Beast.” The castle servants who are transformed into household objects were created with CGI animation.[6]

text: Before the release of the film, Bill Condon refilmed one certain sequence in the "Days of the Sun" number, due to confusion among test audiences caused by actress Harriet Jones, who looked similar to Hattie Morahan, who portrayed Agathe. In the original version of the scene, it was Jones's character, the Prince's mother, who sings the first verse of the song, with Rudi Goodman playing the young Prince and Henry Garrett playing his father; but in the reshot version of the scene, the singing part is given to the Prince (now played by Adam Mitchell). The King was also recast to Tom Turner, although Harriet Jones was still the Queen, albeit with dark hair. Both Goodman and Garrett's names were mistakenly featured in the original theatrical release's credits, but was later corrected in home releases.[22]

text: Music[edit]

text: When released in 1991, Beauty and the Beast marked a turning point for Walt Disney Pictures by appealing to millions of fans with its Oscar-winning musical score by lyricist Howard Ashman and composer Alan Menken. In Bill Condon's opinion, that original score was the key reason he agreed to direct a live-action version of the movie. "That score had more to reveal", he says, "You look at the songs and there's not a clunker in the group. In fact, Frank Rich described it as the best Broadway musical of 1991. The animated version was already darker and more modern than the previous Disney fairytales. Take that vision, put it into a new medium, make it a radical reinvention, something not just for the stage because it's not just being literal, now other elements come into play. It's not just having real actors do it".[45]

text: Condon initially prepared on only drawing inspiration from the original film, but he also planned to include most of the songs composed by Alan Menken, Howard Ashman and Tim Rice from the Broadway musical, with the intention of making the film as a "straight-forward, live-action, large-budget movie musical".[46] Menken returned to score the film's music, which features songs from the original film by him and Howard Ashman, plus new material written by Menken and Tim Rice.[47] Menken said the film will not include songs that were written for the Broadway musical and instead, created four new songs.[48] However, an instrumental version of the song "Home", which was written for the musical, is used during the scene where Belle first enters her room in the castle.[49]

text: On January 19, 2017, it was confirmed by both Disney and Céline Dion—singer of the original 1991 Beauty and the Beast duet song, with singer Peabo Bryson—that Dion would be performing one of the new original songs "How Does a Moment Last Forever" to play over the end titles.[50] She originally had doubts about whether or not to record the song due to the recent death of her husband and manager René Angélil, who had previously helped her secure the 1991 pop duet. While ultimately accepting the opportunity, she said: "[The] first Beauty and the Beast decision was made with my husband. Now I'm making decisions on my own. It's a little bit harder. I couldn't say yes right away, because I felt like I was kind of cheating in a way". She eventually felt compelled to record the song because of the impact Beauty and the Beast has had on her career. According to Dion, "I was at the beginning of my career, it put me on the map, it put me where I am today". Also, Josh Groban was announced to be performing the new original song "Evermore" on January 26, 2017.[51][52][53][54]

text: The 2017 film features a remake of the 1991 original song Beauty and the Beast recorded as a duet by Ariana Grande and John Legend.[55][56] Grande and Legend's updated version of the Beauty and the Beast title song is faithful to the original, Grammy-winning duet, performed by Céline Dion and Peabo Bryson for the 1991 Disney film.[57]

text: Emma Thompson also performed a rendition of "Beauty and the Beast", which was performed by Angela Lansbury in the original 1991 animated film release.[58]

text: Disney debuted the music video for Ariana Grande and John Legend's interpretation of the title song "Beauty and the Beast" on Freeform television network on March 5, 2017, and it has since attained over 100 million video views on the Vevo video-hosting service.[58]

text: Release[edit]

text: On March 16, 2015, Disney announced the film would be released in 3D on March 17, 2017.[13] The first official presentation of the film took place at Disney's three-day D23 Expo in August 2015.[59]

text: The world premiere of Beauty and the Beast took place on February 23, 2017, at Spencer House in London, United Kingdom;[60] and the film later premiered at the El Capitan Theatre in Hollywood, California, on March 2, 2017. The stream was broadcast onto YouTube.

text: A sing along version of the film released in over 1,200 US theaters nationwide on April 7, 2017.[61] The United Kingdom received the same version on April 21, 2017.[citation needed]

text: Marketing[edit]

text: Disney spent around $140 million for marketing the film worldwide.[62] Following an announcement on May 22, 2016,[63] Disney premiered the first official teaser trailer on Good Morning America the next day.[64] In its first 24 hours, the teaser trailer reached 91.8 million views, which topped the number of views seen in that amount of time in history, including for the teasers for other films distributed by Disney such as Avengers: Age of Ultron, Star Wars: The Force Awakens and Captain America: Civil War.[65] This record has since been broken by Thor: Ragnarok and It.[66] The first official teaser poster was released on July 7, 2016.[67] On November 2, 2016, Entertainment Weekly debuted the first official image on the cover of their magazine for the week along with nine new photos as well.[68][69] One week later, Emma Watson and Disney debuted a new poster for the film.[70] On November 14, 2016, the first theatrical trailer was released again on Good Morning America.[71] The trailer reached 127.6 million views in its first 24 hours, setting a new record as the trailer with the most views in one day, beating out Fifty Shades Darker.[72] This record has since been broken again by The Fate of the Furious.[73] A TV spot with Watson singing was shown during the 74th Golden Globe Awards.[74] Disney released the final trailer on January 30, 2017.[75] BMW and Mini partnered with the film to promote it globally; including teasers, a television commercial featuring Mini Hatch John Cooper Works, BMW M2, Mini Clubman, BMW M3 and BMW M4, online exclusives, in-store and in-theater advertisements.

text: Home media[edit]

text: Beauty and the Beast was released on Blu-ray, DVD and Digital HD on June 6, 2017.[76] The film debuted at No. 1 on the NPD VideoScan overall disc sales chart, with all other titles in the top 20, collectively, selling only 40% as many units as Beauty and the Beast.[77] The movie regained the top spot on the national home video sales charts during its third week of release.[78] The movie became available on Netflix on September 19, 2017.

text: Reception[edit]

text: Box office[edit]

text: Beauty and the Beast grossed $504 million in the United States and Canada and $759.4 million in other territories for a worldwide gross of $1.263 billion.[a] With a production budget of $160 million, it is the second-most expensive musical ever made; only Hello, Dolly! (1969) with a budget of $25 million ($165 million in 2016 dollars) cost more.[4] In just ten days, it became the highest-grossing live-action musical of all time, beating the nine-year-old record held by Mamma Mia!. It is currently the second-biggest musical ever overall, behind Disney's Frozen (2013).[80] Worldwide, the film proved to be a global phenomenon, earning a total of $357 million over its four-day opening weekend from 56 markets. Critics said the film was playing like superhero movies amongst women. It was the second biggest March global opening, behind only Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice, the thirteenth-biggest worldwide opening ever and the seventh-biggest for Disney.[81] This includes $21 million from IMAX plays on 1,026 screens, a new record for an IMAX PG title.[82] It surpassed the entire lifetime total of the original film in just six days.[83][84]

text: Beauty and the Beast is the 300th digitally remastered release in IMAX company's history, which began with the re-release of Apollo 13 in 2002. Its robust global debut helped push the company past $6 billion for the first time,[85] and led to analysts believing that the film had a shot of passing $1 billion worldwide from theatrical earnings.[86][87][88][89] On April 12, it passed the $1 billion threshold, becoming the first film of 2017, the fourteenth Disney film, and the twenty-ninth film overall to pass the mark. It became the first film since Rogue One (also a Disney property) in December 2016 to make over a billion dollars, and did so on its twenty-ninth day of release.[90][91][92] It is currently the highest-grossing film of 2017,[93] the highest-grossing March release,[94] the highest-grossing remake of all-time,[95] and the fifth-biggest Disney film.[96] Even after inflation adjusted, it is still ahead of the $425 million gross ($760 million in 2017 dollars) of the original film.[95]

text: North America[edit]

text: In the United States and Canada, Beauty and the Beast topped Fandango's pre-sales and became the fastest-selling family film in the company's history, topping the studio's own animated film Finding Dory released the previous year. Early tracking had the film grossing around $100 million in its opening weekend, with some publications predicting it could reach $130 million.[97][98][99] By the time the film's release was 10 days away, analysts raised projections to as high as $150 million.[100][101] It earned $16.3 million from Thursday previews night, marking the biggest of 2017 (breaking Logan's record), the biggest ever for a Disney live-action film (breaking Maleficent's record), the second biggest ever for both a G or PG-rated film (behind the sixth Harry Potter film Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince which also starred Watson), and the third biggest ever in the month of March (behind Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice and The Hunger Games).[102] An estimated 41% of the gross came from IMAX, 3D and premium large format screenings which began at 6 pm, while the rest—59%—came from regular 2D shows which began at 7 p.m.[103] The numbers were considered more impressive given that the film played during a school week.[104]

text: On its opening day, the film made $63.8 million from 4,210 theaters across 9,200 screens, marking the third biggest in the month of March, trailing behind Batman v Superman ($81.5 million) and The Hunger Games ($67 million).[105][106] It was also the biggest opening day ever for a film that wasn't PG-13, displacing the $58 million opening Wednesday of Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince. Its opening day alone (which includes Thursday's previews) almost matched the entire opening weekend of previous Disney live-action films, Maleficent ($69.4 million) and Cinderella ($67.9 million).[107] Unlike all previous four Disney live-action films witnessing a hike on their second day, Saturday, Beauty and the Beast actually fell 2%, but nevertheless, the dip was paltry, and the grosses are so much bigger compared to the other titles.[85] Earning a total of $174.8 million on its opening weekend, it defied all expectations and went on to set numerous notable records.[108] This includes the biggest opening of the year as well as the biggest for the month of March and pre-summer/spring opening, beating Batman v Superman,[109][110] the biggest start ever for a PG title (also for a family film), surpassing Finding Dory,[111] the biggest debut of all time for a female-fueled film, ahead of The Hunger Games: Catching Fire,[112] the biggest for a Disney live-action adaptation, ahead of Alice in Wonderland[112] and the biggest musical debut ever, supplanting Pitch Perfect 2. Furthermore, it is also Watson's highest-opening, beating Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2 same with Emma Thompson, director Bill Condon's biggest debut ever ahead of The Twilight Saga: Breaking Dawn – Part 2 and the biggest outside of summer, save for Star Wars: The Force Awakens, not accounting for inflation.[108]

text: It became the forty-third film to debut with over $100 million and the fifteenth film to open above $150 million. Its three-day opening alone surpassed the entire original North American run of the first film ($146 million; before the 3D re-release), instantly becoming the second-biggest film of the year, behind Logan ($184 million), and also the second-highest-grossing musical, behind Grease's $188 million cumulative gross in 1978.[113] Seventy percent of the total ticket sales came from 2D showings signifying that people who don't go to theaters frequently came out in bulk to watch the film. About 26% of the remaining tickets were for 3D. IMAX accounted for 7% ($12.5 million) of the total weekend's gross, setting a new record for a PG title, ahead of Alice in Wonderland ($12.1 million) while PLF repped 11% of the box office.[85] Seventy percent of the film's opening day demographic was female, dropping to 60% through the weekend.[112] According polling service PostTrak, about 84 percent of American parents who saw the film on its opening day said they would "definitely" recommend it for families.[114][115] The film's opening was credited to positive word of mouth from audiences, good reviews from critics, effective marketing which sold the title not just as a family film but also as a romantic drama, the cast's star power (especially Emma Watson), lack of competition, being the first family film since The Lego Batman Movie a month earlier, nostalgia, and the success and ubiquity of the first film and Disney's brand.[114][116]

text: On Monday, its fourth day of release, the film fell precipitously by 72% earning $13.5 million. The steep fall was due to a limited marketplace where only 11% K-12 and 15% colleges were off per ComScore. Nevertheless, it is the second-biggest March Monday, behind Batman v Superman ($15 million).[117] This was followed by the biggest March and pre-summer Tuesday with $17.8 million, a 32% increase from its previous day. The same day, the film passed $200 million in ticket sales.[118] It earned $228.6 million in the first week of release, the sixth-biggest seven-day gross of all time.[119] In its second weekend, the film continued to maintain the top positioning and fell gradually by 48% earning another $90.4 million to register the fourth-biggest second weekend of all time, and the third-biggest for Disney.[120] In terms of percentage drop, its 48% decline is the third-smallest drop for any film opening above $125 million (behind Finding Dory and The Force Awakens).[80] The hold was notable considering how the film was able to fend off three new wide releases: Power Rangers, Life, and CHiPs.[121] As a result, it passed the $300 million threshold becoming the first film of 2017 the pass said mark.[122] The film grossed $45.4 million in its third weekend, finally being overtaken for the top spot by newcomer The Boss Baby ($50.2 million).[123] On April 4, 2017, its nineteenth day of release, it passed the $400 million threshold becoming the first film of 2017 to do so.[124] By its fourth weekend, the film began was playing in 3,969 cinemas, a fall of 241 theaters from its previous weekend. Of those, approximately 1,200 cinemas were sing-along versions. It earned $26.3 million (-48%) and retained second place. By comparison, previous Disney films Moana (−8%) and Frozen (−2%) both witnessed mild percentage declines the weekend their sing-alone versions were released.[125] Its seventh weekend of release was in contemporaneous with another Emma Watson-starring new film The Circle.[126] That weekend, The Circle was number four, while Beauty and the Beast was at number six.[127] By May 28, the film had earned over $500 million in ticket sales becoming the first (and currently only) film of 2017, the third female-fueled film (after The Force Awakens and Rogue One: A Star Wars Story followed by Wonder Woman) and the eighth overall film in cinematic history to pass the mark.[128][129][130]

text: It has already become the biggest March release, dethroning The Hunger Games (2012),[131] the biggest musical film (both animated and live-action),[132] as well as the biggest film of 2017.[133]

text: Outside North America[edit]

text: Internationally, the film began playing on Thursday, March 16, 2017. Through Sunday, March 19, it had a total international opening of $182.3 million from 55 markets, 44 of which were major territories, far exceeding initial estimations of $100 million and opened at No. 1 in virtually all markets except Vietnam, Turkey, and India. Its launch is the second-biggest for the month of March, behind Batman v Superman ($256.5 million). In IMAX, it recorded the biggest debut for a PG title (although it carried varying certificate amongst different markets) with $8.5 million from 649 screens, the second-biggest for a PG title behind The Jungle Book.[134] In its second weekend, it fell just by 35% earning another $120.6 million and maintaining its first position hold. It added major markets like France and Australia.[135] It topped the international box office for three consecutive weekends[136] before finally being dethroned by Ghost in the Shell and The Boss Baby in its fourth weekend. Despite the fall, the film helped Disney push past the $1 billion thresold internationally for the first time in 2017.[137][92]

text: It scored the biggest opening day of the year in Hong Kong and the Philippines, the biggest March Thursday in Italy ($1 million, also the biggest Disney Thursday debut), the biggest March opening day in Austria, and the second-biggest in Germany ($1.1 million), Disney's biggest March in Denmark, the biggest Disney live-action debut in China ($12.6 million), the UK ($6.2 million), Mexico ($2.4 million) and Brazil ($1.8 million) and the third-biggest in South Korea with $1.2 million, behind only Pirates of the Caribbean: At World's End and Pirates of the Caribbean: On Stranger Tides.[138][139] In terms of opening weekend, the largest debut came from China ($44.8 million), followed by the UK ($24.3 million), Korea ($11.8 million), Mexico ($11.8 million), Australia ($11.1 million), Brazil ($11 million), Germany ($10.7 million), France ($8.4 million), Italy ($7.6 million), Philippines ($6.3 million), Russia ($6 million) and Spain ($5.8 million).[134][135]

text: In the United Kingdom and Ireland, the film recorded the biggest opening ever for a PG-rated film, the biggest Disney live-action opening of all time, the biggest March opening weekend, the biggest opening for a musical (ahead of 2012's Les Misérables), the number one opening of 2017 to date and the fifth-biggest-ever overall with £19.7 million ($24.5 million) from 639 theatres and almost twice that of The Jungle Book (£9.9 million).[140] This included the second-biggest Saturday ever (£7.9 million), only behind Star Wars: The Force Awakens.[141] It witnessed a decline in its second weekend, earning £12.33 million ($15.4 million). Though the film was falling at a faster rate than The Jungle Book, it had already surpassed the said film and its second weekend is the third-biggest ever (behind the two James Bond films Skyfall (2012) and Spectre).[142][135] In India, despite facing heavy competitions from four new Hindi releases, two Tamils films and a Malayalam and a Punjabi release, the film managed to take an occupancy of 15% on its opening day, an impressive feat despite tremendous competitions.[143][144][145] It earned around ₹1.5 crore (US$230,000) nett on its opening day from an estimated 600 screens which is more than the three Hindi releases—Machine, Trapped, and Aa Gaya Hero—combined.[146] Disney reported a total of ₹9.26 crore (US$1.4 million) gross for its opening weekend there. It was ahead of all new releases and second overall behind Bollywood film Badrinath Ki Dulhania.[147][148][149] In Russia, despite receiving a restrictive 16 rating, the film managed to deliver a very successful opening with $6 million.[150]

text: In China, expectations were high for the film. The release date was announced on January 24, giving Disney and local distributor China Film Group Corporation ample time—around two months—to market the film nationwide. The release date was strategically chosen to coincide with White Day. Preliminary reports suggested that it could open to $40–60 million in its opening weekend. Largely driven by young women, its opening day pre-sales outpaced that of The Jungle Book.[151] The original film was, however, never widely popular in the country.[152] Although China has occasionally blocked gay-themed content from streaming video services, in this case, Chinese censors decided to leave the gay scene intact. According to local box office tracker Ent Group, the film grossed an estimated $12.1 million on its opening day (Friday), representing 70% of the total receipts. Including previews, it made a total of $14.5 million from 100,000 screenings, which is 43% of all screenings in the country.[153] It climbed to $18.5 million on Saturday (102,700 showings) for a three-day total of $42.6 million, securing 60% of the total marketplace. Disney on the other hand reported a different figure of $44.8 million.[154][155] Either ways, it recorded the second-biggest opening for a Disney live-action film,[152] with $3.4 million coming from 386 IMAX screens.[134] Japan—a huge Disney market—served as the film's final market and opened there on April 21.[135] It debuted with a better-than-expected $12.5 million on its opening weekend helping the film push past the $1.1 billion threshold. An estimated $1.1 million came from IMAX screenings, the fourth-biggest ever in the country.[156][157] The two-day gross was $9.7 million, outstripping Frozen's previous record of $9.5 million.[158] Due to positive reviews, good word-of-mouth and benefitting from the Golden Week, the film saw a 9% increase on its second weekend. The hold was strong enough to fend off newcomer The Fate of the Furious from securing the top spot. The total there is now over $98 million after seven weekends[159][160][161] and is the biggest film release of the year and, overall, the eleventh-biggest of all time.[162] It topped the box office there for eight consecutive weekends.[163][164]

text: The only markets where the film did not top the weekend charts were Vietnam (behind Kong: Skull Island), Turkey (with two local movies and Logan ahead) and India (where Badrinath Ki Dulhania retained No. 1).[134] It topped the box office for four straight weekends in Germany, Korea, Austria, Finland, Poland, Portugal, Brazil, Venezuela, Bolivia, Switzerland and the UK (exclusive of previews).[137][165] In the Philippines, it emerged as the most successful commercial film of all time—both local and foreign—with over $13.5 million.[166] In just five weeks, the film became one of the top 10 highest-grossing film of all time in the United Kingdom and Ireland, ahead of all but one Harry Potter film (Deathly Hallows – Part 2) and all three The Lord of the Rings movies (which also starred Ian McKellen).[167] It is currently the eighth-biggest grosser with £70.1 million ($90 million), overtaking Mamma Mia! to become the biggest musical production ever there.[156][168] The biggest international earning markets following the UK are Japan ($108 million), China ($85.8 million), Brazil ($41.5 million), Korea ($37.5 million), and Australia ($35 million).[163] In Europe alone, the cumulative total is $267 million to become the second-highest-grossing film in the past year (behind Rogue One: A Star Wars Story).[156][159][169]

text: Critical response[edit]

text: Beauty and the Beast received generally positive reviews, with praise for the faithfulness to the original film with a few elements of the Broadway musical version, cast performances, visuals, Jacqueline Durran's costume designs, production design, Alan Menken's musical score and songs, though the designs of the Beast and the servants' household object forms received mixed reviews.[9][10] On review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 71% based on 301 reviews, with an average rating of 6.6/10. The site's critical consensus reads, "With an enchanting cast, beautifully crafted songs, and a painterly eye for detail, Beauty and the Beast offers a faithful yet fresh retelling that honors its beloved source material."[170] On Metacritic, the film has a score of 65 out of 100, based on 47 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews".[171] In CinemaScore polls, audiences gave the film an average grade of "A" on an A+ to F scale.[172][173]

text: Leslie Felperin of The Hollywood Reporter wrote: "It's a Michelin-triple-starred master class in patisserie skills that transforms the cinematic equivalent of a sugar rush into a kind of crystal-meth-like narcotic high that lasts about two hours." Felperin also praised the performances of Watson and Kline as well the special effects, costume designs and the sets while commended the inclusion of Gad's character of LeFou as the first LGBT character in Disney.[174] Owen Gleiberman of Variety, in his positive review of the film, wrote: "It's a lovingly crafted movie, and in many ways a good one, but before that it's an enraptured piece of old-is-new nostalgia." Gleiberman compared Steven's character of the Beast to a royal version of the titular character in The Elephant Man and the 1946 version of the Beast in Jean Cocteau's original adaptation.[175] A. O. Scott of The New York Times praised the performances of both Watson and Stevens, and wrote: "It looks good, moves gracefully and leaves a clean and invigorating aftertaste. I almost didn't recognize the flavor: I think the name for it is joy."[176] Likewise, The Washington Post's Ann Hornaday complimented Watson's performance, describing it as "alert and solemn" while noting her singing ability as "serviceable enough to get the job done".[177] Richard Roeper of Chicago Sun-Times awarded the film three and a half stars, lauded the performances of Watson and Thompson which he drew a comparison to Paige O'Hara's and Angela Lansbury's performances in the 1991 animated version while appreciating the performances of the other cast and also pointing out on its usage of the combination of motion capture and CGI technology as a big advantage which he stated: "Almost overwhelmingly lavish, beautifully staged and performed with exquisite timing and grace by the outstanding cast".[178] Mike Ryan of Uproxx praised the cast, production design and the new songs while noting the film doesn't try anything different, saying: "There's certainly nothing that new about this version of Beauty and the Beast (well, except it isn't a cartoon anymore), but it's a good recreation of a classic animated film that should leave most die-hards satisfied."[179] In her A- review, Nancy Churnin of The Dallas Morning News praised the film's emotional and thematic depth, remarking: "There's an emotional authenticity in director Bill Condon's live-action Beauty and the Beast film that helps you rediscover Disney's beloved 1991 animated film and 1994 stage show in fresh, stirring ways."[180] James Berardinelli of ReelViews described the 2017 version as "enthralling".[181]

text: Brian Truitt of USA Today commended the performances of Evans, Gad, McGregor and Thompson alongside Condon's affinity with musicals, the production design, visual effects featured in some of the song numbers including new songs made by the composers Alan Menken and Tim Rice, particularly Evermore which he described the new song with a potential for an Academy Award for Best Original Song.[182] Peter Travers of Rolling Stone rated the film three out of four stars which he deemed it as an "exhilarating gift" while he remarked that "Beauty and the Beast does justice to Disney's animated classic, even if some of the magic is M.I.A (Missing in Action)."[183] Stephanie Zacharek of Time magazine gave a positive review with a description as "Wild, Vivid and Crazy-Beautiful" as she wrote "Nearly everything about Beauty and the Beast is larger than life, to the point that watching it can be a little overwhelming." and added that "it’s loaded with feeling, almost like a brash interpretive dance expressing the passion and elation little girls (and some boys, too) must have felt upon seeing the earlier version."[184] The San Francisco Chronicle's Mick LaSalle struck an affirmative tone, calling it one of the joys of 2017, stating that "Beauty and the Beast creates an air of enchantment from its first moments, one that lingers and builds and takes on qualities of warmth and generosity as it goes along" while referring the film as "beautiful" and also praised the film for its emotional and psychological tone as well Steven's motion capture performance.[185] Tim Robey of The Daily Telegraph gave the film four stars out of five and wrote that "It dazzles on this chocolate box of a picture that feels almost greedy yet to make this film work, down to a sugar-rush finale to grasp the nettle and make an out-an-out, bells-and-whistles musical" while he praised the performances of Watson, McKellen, Thompson, McGregor, Evans and Gad.[186] Mark Hughes of Forbes also similarly praised the film which he wrote that "it could revive the story in a faithful but entirely new and unique way elevating the material beyond expectations, establishing itself as a cinematic equal to the original" and also complimented the importance of undertaking a renowned yet problematic masterpiece as well addressing changes in the elements of the story while acknowledging the film's effectiveness in resonating to the audiences.[187]

text: Several critics regarded the film as inferior to its 1991 animated predecessor. David Sims of The Atlantic wrote that the 2017 film "feels particularly egregious, in part, because it’s so slavishly devoted to the original; every time it falls short of its predecessor (which is quite often), it’s hard not to notice".[188] Michael Phillips of the Chicago Tribune said that the 2017 film "takes our knowledge and our interest in the material for granted. It zips from one number to another, throwing a ton of frenetically edited eye candy at the screen, charmlessly." Phillips wrote that the film featured some "less conspicuously talented" performers who are "stuck doing karaoke, or motion-capture work of middling quality", though he praised Kline's performance as the "best, sweetest thing in the movie; he brings a sense of calm, droll authority".[189] Peter Bradshaw of The Guardian praised Watson's performance and wrote that the film was "lit in that fascinatingly artificial honey-glow light, and it runs smoothly on rails—the kind of rails that bring in and out the stage sets for the lucrative Broadway touring version." In the same newspaper, Wendy Ide criticized the film as "ornate to the point of desperation" in its attempt to emulate the animated film.[190][191]

text: Chris Nashawaty of Entertainment Weekly gave the film a B-, writing that while the film looks "exceptionally great", he said the new songs were "not transporting". He felt the film needed more life and depth, but praised Watson's and Steven's performances as the "film’s stronger elements".[192] Dana Schwartz of The New York Observer felt that some of the characters, such as Gaston and the Beast, had been watered down from the 1991 film, and that the additional backstory elements failed to "advance the plot or theme in any meaningful way" while adding considerable bloat. Schwartz considered the singing of the cast to be adequate but felt that their voices should have been dubbed over, especially for the complex songs.[193]

text: Awards and nominations[edit]

text:
Award
Date of ceremony
Category
Recipient(s) and nominee(s)
Result
Ref.

MTV Movie & TV Awards
May 7, 2017
Movie of the Year
Beauty and the Beast
Won
[194]

Best Actor in a Movie
Emma Watson

Best Kiss
Emma Watson and Dan Stevens
Nominated

Best Duo
Josh Gad and Luke Evans

Golden Trailer Awards
June 6, 2017
Best Animation/Family
Beauty and the Beast
[195]

Best Original Score

Best Animation/Family TV Spot

Best Fantasy Adventure TV Spot

International Online Cinema Awards (INOCA)
July 29, 2017
Best Production Design
[196]

Best Original Song
"Evermore" - Alan Menken and Tim Rice

Teen Choice Awards
August 13, 2017
Choice Movie: Fantasy
Beauty and the Beast
Won
[197]
[198]

Choice Movie: Fantasy Actor
Dan Stevens
Nominated

Choice Movie: Fantasy Actress
Emma Watson
Won

Choice Movie Villain
Luke Evans

Choice Movie Ship
Emma Watson and Dan Stevens

Choice Liplock

Choice Scene Stealer
Josh Gad
Nominated

Choice Hissy Fit
Luke Evans

Dan Stevens

Hollywood Film Awards
November 5, 2017
Costume Design Award
Jacqueline Durran
Won
[199]

Make-Up & Hair Styling Award
Jenny Shircore

Hollywood Post Alliance (HPA)
November 16, 2017
Outstanding Color Grading – Feature Film
Stefan Sonnenfeld
Nominated
[200]
[201]

Outstanding Visual Effects – Feature Film
Kyle McCulloch, Glen Pratt, Richard Hoover, Dale Newton, Neil Weatherley, and Framestore

Hollywood Music in Media Awards
Best Original Song - Animated Film
"How Does a Moment Last Forever" - Alan Menken and Tim Rice
[202]
[203]

Best Original Song - Sci-Fi, Fantasy, Horror Film
Won

"Evermore" - Alan Menken and Tim Rice
Nominated

Best Soundtrack Album
Beauty and the Beast

NAACP Image Awards
January 15, 2018
Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Motion Picture
Audra McDonald
Pending
[204]

text: Controversies[edit]

text: Gay character[edit]

text: Controversy erupted after director Bill Condon said there was a "gay moment" in the film, when LeFou briefly waltzes with Stanley, one of Gaston's friends.[205] Afterwards in an interview with Vulture.com, Condon stated, "Can I just say, I’m sort of sick of this. Because you've seen the movie—it's such a tiny thing, and it's been overblown." Condon also added that Beauty and the Beast features much more diversity than just the highly talked-about LeFou: "That was so important. We have interracial couples—this is a celebration of everybody's individuality, and that's what’s exciting about it.”[206] GLAAD president and CEO Sarah Kate Ellis praised the move stating, "It is a small moment in the film, but it is a huge leap forward for the film industry."[207]

text: In Russia, Vitaly Milonov agitated the culture minister for banning the film,[208] but instead it was given a 16+ rating (children under the age of 16 can only be admitted to see it in theaters with accompanying adults).[209] Additionally, a theater in Henagar, Alabama did not screen the film because of the subplot.[210] In Malaysia, the Film Censorship Board insisted the "gay moment" scene be cut, prompting an indefinite postponement of its release by Disney, followed by their decision to withdraw it completely if it could not be released uncensored.[211][212][213] The studio moved the release date to March 30, to allow more time for Malaysia's censor board to make a decision on whether or not to release the film without changes.[214] The distributors and producers then submitted an appeal to the Film Appeal Committee of Malaysia, which allowed the film to be released without any cuts and a P13 rating on the grounds that the "gay element" was minor and did not affect the positive elements featured in the film.[215][216] In Kuwait, the movie was withdrawn from cinemas by National Cinema Company which owns most of the cinemas in the country. A board member of the company stated that the Ministry of Information's censorship department had requested it to stop its screening and edit it for things deemed offensive by it.[217]

text: There were also a number of boycotts against the film. A call to boycott on LifePetitions received over 129,000 signatures,[218] while the American Family Association featured a petition to boycott with the film, asking the public to help crowdfund a CGI version of Pilgrim's Progress instead.[219]

text: The film also received criticsm over its portrayal of LeFou, as many felt that it relied on stereotypes[220] and was used as a way of teasing LGBT+ viewers without providing adequate representation.[221] LeFou's status as a sidekick to the main villain brought about criticism over Disney's queercoding of villains in the past, and his infatuation with Gaston was seen as relying on a stereotype of gay men being predatory towards straight men.[222] Furthermore, the only gay interaction LeFou has is a three second clip of him dancing with another man at the end of the film. Many saw this as Disney cheating its LGBT+ audiences.[223]

text: Belle and the Beast's relationship[edit]

text: Disney has sought to portray Belle as an empowered young woman,[224] but a debate questioning whether it is possible to fall in love with someone who is holding you prisoner, and whether this is a problematic theme, has resulted.[225] As was the case with the original animated film, one argument is that Belle suffers from Stockholm syndrome (a condition that causes hostages to develop a psychological alliance with their captors as a survival strategy during captivity). Emma Watson studied whether Belle is trapped in an abusive relationship with the Beast before signing on and concluded that she does not think the criticism fits this version of the folk tale.[226][227] Watson described Stockholm Syndrome as "where a prisoner will take on the characteristics of and fall in love with the captor. Belle actively argues and disagrees with [Beast] constantly. She has none of the characteristics of someone with Stockholm Syndrome because she keeps her independence, she keeps that freedom of thought", also adding that Belle defiantly "gives as good as she gets" before forming a friendship and romance with the Beast.[228]

text: Psychiatrist Frank Ochberg, who coined the term "Stockholm syndrome", said he does not think Belle exhibits the trauma symptoms of prisoners suffering from the syndrome because she does not go through a period of feeling that she is going to die.[229] Some therapists, while acknowledging that the pairing's relationship does not meet the clinical definition of Stockholm syndrome, argue that the relationship depicted is dysfunctional and abusive and does not model healthy romantic relationships for young viewers.[230][231] Constance Grady of Vox writes that Jeanne-Marie Leprince de Beaumont's Beauty and the Beast was a fairy tale originally written to prepare young girls in 18th-century France for arranged marriages, and that the power disparity is amplified in the Disney version.[232] Anna Menta of Elite Daily argued that the Beast does not apologize to Belle for imprisoning, hurting, or manipulating her, and his treatment of Belle is not painted as wrong.[233]

text: Notes[edit]

text: ^ Jump up to: a b Beauty and the Beast at Box Office Mojo. Retrieved August 14, 2017.

tag: ol


document_title: List of Calder Cup champions

question_text: when did the marlies last win the calder cup

text: List of Calder Cup champions

text: List of winners[edit]

text:
(#)–Number of Calder Cups won at the time
     Player was a member of the defeated team in the Calder Cup Finals

text: Note: All Jack A. Butterfield Trophy winners played for the winning team, unless otherwise noted.

text:
Season

Winning team

Series

Losing team

Jack A. Butterfield Trophy

1936–37

Syracuse Stars (1)

3–1

Philadelphia Ramblers

Not awarded

1937–38

Providence Reds (1)

3–1

Syracuse Stars

1938–39
Cleveland Barons (1)
3–1
Philadelphia Ramblers

1939–40
Providence Reds (2)
3–0
Pittsburgh Hornets

1940–41
Cleveland Barons (2)
3–2
Hershey Bears

1941–42
Indianapolis Capitals (1)
3–2
Hershey Bears

1942–43
Buffalo Bisons (1)
3–0
Indianapolis Capitals

1943–44
Buffalo Bisons  (2)
4–0
Cleveland Barons

1944–45
Cleveland Barons (3)
4–2
Hershey Bears

1945–46
Buffalo Bisons  (3)
4–3
Cleveland Barons

1946–47
Hershey Bears (1)
4–3
Pittsburgh Hornets

1947–48
Cleveland Barons (4)
4–0
Buffalo Bisons

1948–49
Providence Reds (3)
4–3
Hershey Bears

1949–50
Indianapolis Capitals (2)
4–0
Cleveland Barons

1950–51
Cleveland Barons (5)
4–3
Pittsburgh Hornets

1951–52
Pittsburgh Hornets (1)
4–2
Providence Reds

1952–53
Cleveland Barons (6)
4–3
Pittsburgh Hornets

1953–54
Cleveland Barons (7)
4–2
Hershey Bears

1954–55
Pittsburgh Hornets (2)
4–2
Buffalo Bisons

1955–56
Providence Reds (4)
4–0
Cleveland Barons

1956–57
Cleveland Barons (8)
4–1
Rochester Americans

1957–58
Hershey Bears (2)
4–2
Springfield Indians

1958–59
Hershey Bears (3)
4–2
Buffalo Bisons

1959–60
Springfield Indians (1)
4–1
Rochester Americans

1960–61
Springfield Indians (2)
4–0
Hershey Bears

1961–62
Springfield Indians (3)
4–1
Buffalo Bisons

1962–63
Buffalo Bisons  (4)
4–3
Hershey Bears

1963–64
Cleveland Barons (9)
4–0
Quebec Aces

1964–65
Rochester Americans (1)
4–1
Hershey Bears

1965–66
Rochester Americans (2)
4–2
Cleveland Barons

1966–67
Pittsburgh Hornets (1)[A]
4–0
Rochester Americans

1967–68
Rochester Americans (3)
4–2
Quebec Aces

1968–69
Hershey Bears (4)
4–1
Quebec Aces

1969–70
Buffalo Bisons (5)
4–0
Springfield Kings

1970–71
Springfield Kings (4)
4–0
Providence Reds

1971–72
Nova Scotia Voyageurs (1)
4–2
Baltimore Clippers

1972–73
Cincinnati Swords (1)
4–1
Nova Scotia Voyageurs

1973–74
Hershey Bears (5)
4–1
Providence Reds

1974–75
Springfield Indians (5)
4–1
New Haven Nighthawks

1975–76
Nova Scotia Voyageurs (2)
4–1
Hershey Bears

1976–77
Nova Scotia Voyageurs (3)
4–2
Rochester Americans

1977–78
Maine Mariners (1)
4–1
New Haven Nighthawks

1978–79
Maine Mariners (2)
4–0
New Haven Nighthawks

1979–80
Hershey Bears (6)
4–2
New Brunswick Hawks

1980–81
Adirondack Red Wings (1)
4–2
Maine Mariners

1981–82
New Brunswick Hawks (1)
4–1
Binghamton Whalers

1982–83
Rochester Americans (4)
4–0
Maine Mariners

1983–84
Maine Mariners (3)
4–1
Rochester Americans
Bud Stefanski

1984–85
Sherbrooke Canadiens (1)
4–2
Baltimore Skipjacks
Brian Skrudland

1985–86
Adirondack Red Wings (2)
4–2
Hershey Bears
Tim Tookey[B]

1986–87
Rochester Americans (5)
4–3
Sherbrooke Canadiens
David Fenyves

1987–88
Hershey Bears (7)
4–0
Fredericton Express
Wendell Young

1988–89
Adirondack Red Wings (3)
4–1
New Haven Nighthawks
Sam St. Laurent

1989–90
Springfield Indians (6)
4–2
Rochester Americans
Jeff Hackett

1990–91
Springfield Indians (7)
4–2
Rochester Americans
Kay Whitmore

1991–92
Adirondack Red Wings (4)
4–3
St. John's Maple Leafs
Allan Bester

1992–93
Cape Breton Oilers (1)
4–1
Rochester Americans
Bill McDougall

1993–94
Portland Pirates (1)
4–2
Moncton Hawks
Olaf Kölzig

1994–95
Albany River Rats (1)
4–0
Fredericton Canadiens
Corey Schwab & Mike Dunham

1995–96
Rochester Americans (6)
4–3
Portland Pirates
Dixon Ward

1996–97
Hershey Bears (8)
4–1
Hamilton Bulldogs
Mike McHugh

1997–98
Philadelphia Phantoms (1)
4–2
Saint John Flames
Mike Maneluk

1998–99
Providence Bruins (1)
4–1
Rochester Americans
Peter Ferraro

1999–00
Hartford Wolf Pack (1)
4–2
Rochester Americans
Derek Armstrong

2000–01
Saint John Flames (1)
4–2
Wilkes-Barre/Scranton Penguins
Steve Begin

2001–02
Chicago Wolves (1)
4–1
Bridgeport Sound Tigers
Pasi Nurminen

2002–03
Houston Aeros (1)
4–3
Hamilton Bulldogs
Johan Holmqvist

2003–04
Milwaukee Admirals (1)
4–0
Wilkes-Barre/Scranton Penguins
Wade Flaherty

2004–05
Philadelphia Phantoms (2)
4–0
Chicago Wolves
Antero Niittymaki

2005–06
Hershey Bears (9)
4–2
Milwaukee Admirals
Frederic Cassivi

2006–07
Hamilton Bulldogs (1)
4–1
Hershey Bears
Carey Price

2007–08
Chicago Wolves (2)
4–2
Wilkes-Barre/Scranton Penguins
Jason Krog

2008–09
Hershey Bears (10)
4–2
Manitoba Moose
Michal Neuvirth

2009–10
Hershey Bears (11)
4–2
Texas Stars
Chris Bourque

2010–11
Binghamton Senators (1)
4–2
Houston Aeros
Robin Lehner

2011–12
Norfolk Admirals (1)
4–0
Toronto Marlies
Alexandre Picard

2012–13
Grand Rapids Griffins (1)
4–2
Syracuse Crunch
Tomas Tatar

2013–14
Texas Stars (1)
4–1
St. John's IceCaps
Travis Morin

2014–15
Manchester Monarchs (1)
4–1
Utica Comets
Jordan Weal

2015–16
Lake Erie Monsters (1)
4–0
Hershey Bears
Oliver Bjorkstrand

2016–17
Grand Rapids Griffins (2)
4–2
Syracuse Crunch
Tyler Bertuzzi

2017–18
Toronto Marlies (1)
4–3
Texas Stars
Andreas Johnsson

text:
^ A. Calder Cup won by second franchise known as the Pittsburgh Hornets. Previous franchise became the Rochester Americans.
^ B. Tim Tookey, Butterfield Trophy winner in 1985–86, played for the Hershey Bears, and is the only Butterfield Trophy winner to date to have played for a losing team in the Calder Cup finals.

text: Number of Calder Cups won by team[edit]

text:
Hershey Bears (11)
Cleveland Barons (9)
Springfield Indians (7)
Rochester Americans (6)
Buffalo Bisons (5)
Adirondack Red Wings (4)
Providence Reds (4)
Maine Mariners (3)
Nova Scotia Voyageurs (3)
Pittsburgh Hornets (3)
Chicago Wolves (2)
Grand Rapids Griffins (2)
Indianapolis Capitols (2)
Philadelphia Phantoms (2)
Albany River Rats (1)
Binghamton Senators (1)
Cape Breton Oilers (1)
Cincinnati Swords (1)
Hamilton Bulldogs (1)
Hartford Wolf Pack (1)
Houston Aeros (1)
Lake Erie Monsters (1)
Manchester Monarchs (1)
Milwaukee Admirals (1)
New Brunswick Hawks (1)
Norfolk Admirals (1)
Portland Pirates (1)
Providence Bruins (1)
Saint John Flames (1)
Sherbrooke Canadiens (1)
Syracuse Stars (1)
Texas Stars (1)
Toronto Marlies (1)