document_title: El Dorado (1966 film)

question_text: who played luke mcdonald in the movie el dorado

text: El Dorado (1966 film)

text: Plot[edit]

text: Cole Thornton (John Wayne), a gunslinger-for-hire, is hired by wealthy rancher Bart Jason (Ed Asner) to help him in a range war with the McDonald family in the town of El Dorado. The local sheriff, an old friend of Thornton, J. P. Harrah (Robert Mitchum) gives Cole more details that Jason had deliberately left out, including the possibility of having to side against Harrah. Unwilling to fight his friend, Thornton quits, to the relief of saloon owner Maudie (Charlene Holt), who is in love with Thornton (and was for a time a romantic interest of Harrah's).

text: The McDonald's learn of Thornton's presence in town. Fearing that he might come for them, Kevin McDonald (R. G. Armstrong) puts his youngest son, Luke, on guard. When Thornton passes by on his way back from rejecting Jason's offer, Luke (Johnny Crawford), who has fallen asleep, wakes and fires a wild warning shot whereupon Thornton reflexively shoots him. Luke is still alive when Thornton finds him, but he refuses treatment based upon the belief that a gut-shot man wouldn't have a chance anyway and commits suicide when Thornton turns his back on him.

text: Thornton subsequently brings the boy's body to the McDonald ranch and offers an explanation. The only McDonald daughter, Joey (Michele Carey), impulsively rides off before Thornton can finish his story and ambushes him shortly thereafter. Her shot is not fatal, but the bullet lodges next to Thornton's spine and in time begins to trouble him by occasionally pressing against the spinal cord, causing temporary paralysis of his right side. The local doctor, Dr. Miller (Paul Fix), does not have the skill to remove the bullet and Thornton soon departs El Dorado for a new job.

text: Several months later, Thornton runs into another gunslinger-for-hire named Nelson McLeod (Christopher George) and a young greenhorn with a peculiar hat called Mississippi (James Caan), who has come for revenge against one of McLeod's men for the murder of his old friend and mentor, Johnny Diamond. McLeod has been hired by Jason for the same job Thornton turned down and Thornton hears from McLeod about how Harrah has turned into a drunk after an unhappy love affair. Thornton decides to return to El Dorado, hoping to save Harrah from being gunned down by McLeod and his men. He is followed by Mississippi who also wishes to help, despite his lack of experience and terrible aim with a gun.

text: Once Thornton and Mississippi arrive in El Dorado, they hear more of the story behind Harrah's change. The two men then join with Deputy Sheriff Bull (Arthur Hunnicutt) in order to get Harrah sober and cleaned up. Mississippi contributes an old folk recipe for a hangover that he learned from Johnny Diamond, promising it will make any man unable to drink liquor for a while. The concoction proves to be violently effective, and leaves Harrah sober and furious. Within a day of their arrival, McLeod and his men also come to El Dorado and are hired on by Bart Jason. When one of them shoots one of the McDonald's, Thornton, Harrah, Bull and Mississippi chase the shooter and his friends into an old church and then into Jason's saloon. Harrah arrests Jason and takes him to the jail for his part in the shooting of one of the McDonald's. Later that night, Thornton and Mississippi decide to patrol the town in the hope of keeping the peace and are deputized by Bull. There is another shootout with McLeod and his men, which results in a minor leg injury for Harrah.

text: The next day, Maudie sends a message to Thornton and his friends, stating that McLeod's men are frightening her and her patrons. When Thornton and Mississippi go to help her, they are ambushed and Thornton has an attack that leaves him partially paralyzed and captured by McLeod. Subsequently, McLeod trades the injured Thornton for Bart Jason, a trade to which Harrah agrees, despite knowing that doing so will mean that nothing will stand in the way of McLeod going after the McDonald's.

text: Sure enough, McLeod and his men shortly thereafter kidnap one of the McDonald's in order to force Kevin McDonald to sign over his water rights to Jason. Thornton and the others are forced to quickly come up with a plan to rescue Kevin McDonald's son and neutralize Jason and McLeod. Despite Thornton's paralysis and Harrah's leg injury, the two of them, along with Bull and Mississippi, return to town on wagons. While Thornton distracts Jason and McLeod outside of the front of the saloon, Mississippi, Harrah and Bull attack from the rear. The kidnapped McDonald is rescued, with a little help from Joey McDonald. Jason, McLeod and his men are killed, and order is restored to El Dorado. Thornton also begins to imply that he may discontinue his wandering ways in order to stay in the town with Maudie.

text: Cast[edit]

text:
John Wayne as Cole Thornton
Robert Mitchum as Sheriff J.P. Harrah
James Caan as Alan Bourdillion Traherne, nicknamed "Mississippi"
Charlene Holt as Maudie
Paul Fix as Dr. Miller
Arthur Hunnicutt as Bull Harris
Michele Carey as Josephine "Joey" MacDonald
R. G. Armstrong as Kevin MacDonald
Ed Asner as Bart Jason
Christopher George as Nelson McLeod
Marina Ghane as Maria
Robert Donner as Milt (McLeod gang)
John Gabriel as Pedro
Johnny Crawford as Luke MacDonald
Jim Davis as Jim Purvis (Bart Jason's foreman)
Adam Roarke as Matt MacDonald
John Mitchum as Elmer (Jason's bartender)
Chuck Roberson as Jason's gunman
Don Collier as Deputy Joe Braddock
Olaf Wieghorst as Swede Larsen

tag: ul

text: Production[edit]

text: Leigh Brackett wrote the original script which she described as "the best script I had ever done in my life. It wasn't tragic, but it was one of those things where Wayne died at the end." However she says the closer they got to production "the more we got into doing Rio Bravo over again the sicker I got, because I hate doing things over again. And I kept saying to Howard I did that, and he'd say it was okay, we could do it over again."[6]

text: Mitchum later said, "When Howard called me, I said, 'What's the story?' and he said, 'No story, just characters' and that's the way it was. Did one scene, put it away, did another, put it away."[7]

text: Shot at Old Tucson Studios just west of Tucson, Arizona, as well as in and around Kanab, Utah, from October 1965 to January 1966, the film was Wayne's 138th picture and was actually filmed before The War Wagon, but its release was delayed so that Paramount's Nevada Smith with Steve McQueen would not have to compete with a John Wayne film at the box office. El Dorado finally reached the theatres in June 1967, a month after The War Wagon had opened.[8]

text: Film footage from El Dorado was later incorporated into the opening montage of Wayne's final film, The Shootist, to illustrate the backstory of Wayne's character. Director Don Siegel used no scenes from any film shot before 1948 in The Shootist's frontispiece even though Wayne's career as a leading man began in 1930 with The Big Trail and had continued throughout the following two decades.[citation needed]

text: Cinematographer Harold Rosson had retired in 1958, but Hawks persuaded him to come back to work. In a 1970 interview with Leonard Maltin, Rosson said, "I was out of my mind I'd ever quit," but went back into retirement--for good--afterwards, citing his age as a reason (75 at the time of the interview).

text: Caan apparently had difficulty pronouncing "boldly" as he recited, "Ride boldly ride" during the course of the film, leaving audience members unfamiliar with Poe's poem to wonder what or whom "bodie" was.

text: In the film, Mississippi gives Sheriff Harrah a concoction meant to deter him from further drinking. The ingredients include (among others) Cayenne pepper, ipecac (an emetic), mustard, croton oil (which induces diarrhea), asafoetida (often misspelled acifedida) and gunpowder.[citation needed]

text: Poem[edit]

text: The poem repeated in the film and paraphrased in the theme song is "Eldorado", a ballad poem by Edgar Allan Poe.

text: Reception[edit]

text: Critical response[edit]

text: The film maintains a high critical praise, earning a 100 percent perfect rating on review compiler Rotten Tomatoes, based on 14 reviews.[9] Popular critic Roger Ebert gave the film a near-perfect rating at 3 1/2 out of four stars,[10] stating "El Dorado is a tightly directed, humorous, altogether successful Western, turned out almost effortlessly, it would seem, by three old pros: John Wayne, Robert Mitchum and director Howard Hawks". Praised film poll, They Shoot Pictures, Don't They? ranked the film 799 out of 1,000 for the list of greatest films of all time.[11]

text: Comic book adaption[edit]

text: Dell Movie Classic: El Dorado (October 1967)[12][13]


document_title: List of Billboard Hot 100 number-one singles of 1990

question_text: what was the #1 single in the us on may 26 1990

question_tokens: what was the # 1 single in the us on may 26 1990

root

text:
This is a list of the U.S. Billboard magazine Hot 100 number-ones of 1990. The three longest running number-one singles of 1990 are "Nothing Compares 2 U" by Sinéad O'Connor, "Vision of Love" by Mariah Carey, and "Because I Love You (The Postman Song)" by Stevie B, which
each attained four weeks at the top of the chart.

tag: p

text:
Key

The yellow background indicates the #1 song on Billboard's 1990 Year-End Chart of Pop Singles.

tag: table

text:
Issue Date

Song

Artist(s)

Reference

January 6

"Another Day in Paradise"

Phil Collins

[1]

January 13

[2]

January 20

"How Am I Supposed to Live Without You"

Michael Bolton

[3]

January 27

[4]

February 3

[5]

February 10

"Opposites Attract"

Paula Abdul with The Wild Pair

[6]

February 17

[7]

February 24

[8]

March 3

"Escapade"

Janet Jackson

[9]

March 10

[10]

March 17

[11]

March 24

"Black Velvet"

Alannah Myles

[12]

March 31

[13]

April 7

"Love Will Lead You Back"

Taylor Dayne

[14]

April 14

"I'll Be Your Everything"

Tommy Page

[15]

April 21

"Nothing Compares 2 U"

Sinéad O'Connor

[16]

April 28

[17]

May 5

[18]

May 12

[19]

May 19

"Vogue"

Madonna

[20]

May 26

[21]

June 2

[22]

June 9

"Hold On"

Wilson Phillips

[23]

June 16

"It Must Have Been Love"

Roxette

[24]

June 23

[25]

June 30

"Step by Step"

New Kids on the Block

[26]

July 7

[27]

July 14

[28]

July 21

"She Ain't Worth It"

Glenn Medeiros featuring Bobby Brown

[29]

July 28

[30]

August 4

"Vision of Love"

Mariah Carey

[31]

August 11

[32]

August 18

[33]

August 25

[34]

September 1

"If Wishes Came True"

Sweet Sensation

[35]

September 8

"Blaze of Glory"

Jon Bon Jovi

[36]

September 15

"Release Me"

Wilson Phillips

[37]

September 22

[38]

September 29

"(Can't Live Without Your) Love and Affection"

Nelson

[39]

October 6

"Close to You"

Maxi Priest

[40]

October 13

"Praying for Time"

George Michael

[41]

October 20

"I Don't Have the Heart"

James Ingram

[42]

October 27

"Black Cat"

Janet Jackson

[43]

November 3

"Ice Ice Baby"

Vanilla Ice

[44]

November 10

"Love Takes Time"

Mariah Carey

[45]

November 17

[46]

November 24

[47]

December 1

"I'm Your Baby Tonight"

Whitney Houston

[48]

December 8

"Because I Love You (The Postman Song)"

Stevie B

[49]

December 15

[50]

December 22

[51]

December 29

[52]


document_title: The Karate Kid Part III

question_text: who played mr silver in karate kid 3

question_tokens: who played mr silver in karate kid 3

text: The Karate Kid Part III

text: Plot[edit]

text: Cobra Kai instructor John Kreese is now broke and destitute after losing all his students, who left the Cobra Kai dojo following his attack on Johnny Lawrence and subsequent humiliation at the hands of Mr. Miyagi. In the present day, Kreese visits his Vietnam War comrade Terry Silver, the wealthy businessman who founded the Cobra Kai and now owns a toxic-waste disposal business. Silver vows to help him gain revenge on Daniel and Mr. Miyagi and re-establish Cobra Kai. Silver sends Kreese on vacation to Tahiti to rest and get his life back in order while he plans to avenge him.

text: Upon their return to Los Angeles, Daniel and Miyagi discover that the South Seas apartment has been razed, leaving Miyagi unemployed and Daniel homeless. They also learn that Daniel's mother, Lucille, is in New Jersey taking care of her ill uncle. Miyagi allows Daniel to stay at his house. Daniel uses his college funds to realize Miyagi's dream of opening a bonsai shop. Miyagi thanks Daniel and makes him a partner at the bonsai business. When Daniel visits a pottery store across the street, he meets and befriends Jessica Andrews. Though Daniel has a brief crush on her, she tells him that she has a boyfriend back home at Columbus, Ohio, but they remain friends.

text: Meanwhile, Silver hires Mike Barnes, a vicious karate fighter nicknamed "Karate's Badboy", to defeat Daniel at the next All Valley Karate Tournament. Silver later sneaks into Miyagi's house to gather information and overhears Daniel telling Miyagi that he will not defend his title this year at the tournament. Later, Barnes and Silver's neighbors attempt to coerce Daniel to enter the tournament. Daniel refuses and Barnes departs in a heated rage. The next morning, as Daniel and Miyagi are practicing kata, Silver interrupts and tells them a tall tale of John Kreese suffering a fatal heart attack after losing his students and asks for forgiveness for Kreese's behavior. Later, Barnes and his friends attempt to make Daniel sign up for the tournament. When Daniel again refuses to enter the tournament, a skirmish ensues until Miyagi arrives and fends off the three men. After driving Jessica home, Daniel and Miyagi return to find their stock of bonsai trees stolen, with a tournament application hanging in their place.

text: Daniel and Jessica decide to dig up a valuable bonsai tree that Miyagi brought from Okinawa and planted halfway down a cliff with the hope of selling it and using the money to replace the other stolen trees. As they retrieve it, Barnes and his men appear and retract their climbing ropes, leaving Daniel no choice but to sign up for the tournament. They get pulled back up, but Barnes breaks the valuable tree. Daniel returns to the shop with Miyagi's damaged bonsai, which Miyagi attempts to mend. Miyagi tells Daniel both that he has sold his truck to buy a new stock of trees and that now he cannot train Daniel for the tournament.

text: Silver offers to "train" Daniel for the tournament at the Cobra Kai dojo with a series of brutal, offensive techniques. Under the guise of tough training, Silver pressures Daniel to destroy a wooden practice dummy, injuring his hands in the process. Throughout his training, Daniel's frustration alienates himself from his closest friends. While Daniel and Jessica are at a nightclub, Silver bribes a man into provoking a fight with Daniel, who punches the man using Silver's techniques, breaking his nose and leading Jessica to storm out in disgust. Shocked by his aggressive behavior, Daniel apologizes and makes amends with Miyagi and Jessica.

text: Daniel visits Silver to inform him that he will not compete at the tournament. But Silver reveals his true agenda to Daniel, with Barnes and a very-much alive Kreese entering the room. After Barnes viciously assaults Daniel, Miyagi intervenes, saves Daniel, and agrees to train him. They train and replant the now-healed bonsai.

text: At the tournament, Barnes reaches the final round to face Daniel. Silver and Kreese instruct Barnes to inflict pain on Daniel, keep the score a tie, and finally beat him in the sudden death round. During the fight, Barnes constantly gets the upper hand, taunting him each time. When the initial round concludes, a severely beaten Daniel tells Miyagi that he cannot continue, but Miyagi encourages him to carry on. In the sudden death round, Daniel performs the kata. When a confused Barnes lunges toward Daniel, Daniel flips him to the ground and strikes him to win the tournament. Disgusted and humiliated, Silver walks away from Kreese and the crowd throws their Cobra Kai shirts back at him, implying that Cobra Kai has been closed down forever. Miyagi bows to Daniel, but an over-excited Daniel tells him, "Forget about it!", and the two embrace in celebration.

text: Cast[edit]

text:
Ralph Macchio as Daniel LaRusso
Pat Morita (Noriyuki "Pat" Morita) as Keisuke Miyagi
Robyn Lively as Jessica Andrews
Thomas Ian Griffith as Terry Silver
Martin Kove as John Kreese
Sean Kanan as Mike Barnes
Jonathan Avildsen as Snake
Randee Heller as Lucille LaRusso
Pat E. Johnson as Referee
Rick Hurst as Announcer
Frances Bay as Mrs. Milo
Joseph V. Perry as Uncle Louie
Jan Tříska as Milos
Glenn Medeiros as Himself
Gabriel Jarret (Gabe Jarret) as Rudy

text: Reception[edit]

text: The film maintains an approval rating of 16% on Rotten Tomatoes based on 32 reviews. The film's consensus reads: "Inspiration is in short supply in this third Karate Kid film, which recycles the basic narrative from its predecessors but adds scenery-chewing performances and a surprising amount of violence".[3] It did significantly less business than the first two films, grossing $39 million at the box office.[citation needed] It was dismissed by critics, including Roger Ebert, who praised the first two films.[4][5][6][7] Criticism often mentioned the rehashing of elements in the former two movies, including a tournament against Cobra Kai and a romance side-story.[8]

text: At the 1989 Golden Raspberry Awards, this entry received five nominations but did not win any of them.[citation needed] They are for Worst Picture (Jerry Weintraub; lost to Star Trek V: The Final Frontier), Worst Screenplay (Robert Mark Kamen; lost to Harlem Nights by Eddie Murphy), Worst Director (John G. Avildsen; lost to William Shatner for Star Trek V: The Final Frontier), Worst Actor (Ralph Macchio; lost to William Shatner in Star Trek V: The Final Frontier), and Worst Supporting Actor (Pat Morita; lost to Christopher Atkins in Listen to Me).[citation needed]

text: In 2015, director John G. Avildsen himself called the film "a poor imitation of the first one" and "a horrible movie".[9]


document_title: Mother's Day (United States)

question_text: who first suggested a mother's day holiday in the united states

question_tokens: who first suggested a mother 's day holiday in the united states

text: Mother's Day (United States)

text: History[edit]

text: First attempts to establish a holiday[edit]

text: During the 19th century, women's peace groups in the United States tried to establish holidays and regular activities in favor of peace and against war. A common early activity was the meeting of groups of mothers whose sons had fought or died on opposite sides of the American Civil War.[3]

text: In 1868, Ann Jarvis, mother of Anna Jarvis, created a committee to establish a "Mother's Friendship Day", the purpose of which was "to reunite families that had been divided during the Civil War." Jarvis – who had previously organized "Mother's Day Work Clubs" to improve sanitation and health for both Union and Confederate encampments undergoing a typhoid outbreak – wanted to expand this into an annual memorial for mothers, but she died in 1905 before the celebration became popular.[4][5] Her daughter, who became almost obsessed with her, would continue her mother's efforts.

text: There were several limited observances in the 1870s and the 1880s but none achieved resonance beyond the local level.[4] At the time, Protestant schools in the United States already held many celebrations and observations such as Children's Day, Temperance Sunday, Roll Call Day, Decision Day, Missionary Day and others.[6] In New York City, Julia Ward Howe led a "Mother's Day for Peace" anti-war observance on June 2, 1872,[4][7][8] which was accompanied by a "Appeal to womanhood throughout the world" (nowadays known as Mother's Day Proclamation). The observance continued in Boston for about 10 years under Howe's personal sponsorship, then died out.[9] In these celebrations, mothers all around the world would work towards world peace.[7]

text: Several years later a Mother's Day observance on May 13, 1877 was held in Albion, Michigan over a dispute related to the temperance movement.[10] According to local legend, Albion pioneer Juliet Calhoun Blakeley stepped up to complete the sermon of the Rev. Myron Daughterty who was distraught because an anti-temperance group had forced his son and two other temperance advocates at gunpoint to spend the night in a saloon and become publicly drunk. From the pulpit Blakeley called on other mothers to join her. Blakeley's two sons, both traveling salesmen, were so moved that they vowed to return each year to pay tribute to her and embarked on a campaign to urge their business contacts to do likewise. At their urging, in the early 1880s, the Methodist Episcopal Church in Albion set aside the second Sunday in May to recognize the special contributions of mothers.[citation needed]

text: Frank E. Hering, alumnus and administrator at the University of Notre Dame and President of the Fraternal Order of Eagles, made a plea for "setting aside one day in the year as a nationwide memorial to the memories of Mothers and motherhood" in 1904.[11][12][13] After observing a class of Notre Dame students sending home penny postcards to their mothers, Hering went on to be a vocal advocate for a national Mother's Day for the next decade.[11] As Hering stated in a 1941 issue of Scholastic: “Throughout history the great men of the world have given their credit for their achievements to their mothers. [The] Holy Church recognizes this, as does Notre Dame especially, and Our Lady who watches over our great institution.”[11]

text: Establishment of holiday[edit]

text: In its present form, Mother's Day was established by Anna Jarvis with the help of Philadelphia merchant John Wanamaker following the death of her mother, Ann Jarvis, on May 9, 1905. Jarvis never mentioned Howe or Mothering Sunday, and she never mentioned any connection to the Protestant school celebrations, always claiming that the creation of Mother's Day was hers alone.[14]

text: A small service was held on May 12, 1907 in the Andrew's Methodist Episcopal Church in Grafton, West Virginia, where Anna's mother had been teaching Sunday school.[4] The first "official" service was on May 10, 1908, in the same church, accompanied by a larger ceremony in the Wanamaker Auditorium in the Wanamaker's store in Philadelphia.[4] The next year the day was reported to be widely celebrated in New York.[15]

text: Jarvis then campaigned to establish Mother's Day first as a U.S. national holiday and then later as an international holiday.[16] The holiday was declared officially by the state of West Virginia in 1910, and the rest of the states followed quickly.[4]

text: On May 10, 1913, the U.S. House of Representatives passed a resolution calling on all federal government officials (from the president down) to wear a white carnation the following day in observance of Mother's Day.[17] On May 8, 1914, the U.S. Congress passed a law designating the second Sunday in May as Mother's Day and requesting a proclamation. The next day, President Woodrow Wilson issued a proclamation declaring the first national Mother's Day[18][19] as a day for American citizens to show the flag in honor of those mothers whose sons had died in war.[18] In 1934, U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt approved a stamp commemorating the holiday.[20]

text: In May 2008, the U.S. House of Representatives voted twice on a resolution commemorating Mother's Day,[21][22] the first one being passed without a dissenting vote (21 members not voting).[21] The Grafton church, where the first celebration was held, is now the International Mother's Day Shrine and is a National Historic Landmark.[23]

text: Traditions[edit]

text: Traditions on Mother's Day include churchgoing, the distribution of carnations, and family dinners.[1] Mother’s Day is the third largest holiday in the United States for sending cards. According to the greeting card industry, it is estimated that more than 50 percent of American households send greeting cards on this holiday.[24] The holiday has been heavily commercialized by advertisers and retailers, and has been criticized by some as a Hallmark Holiday.[25][26]

text: Carnations[edit]

text: Carnations have come to represent Mother's Day since Anna Jarvis delivered 500 of them at the first celebration in 1908.[4][19][23] Many religious services held later adopted the custom of giving away carnations.[4] This also started the custom of wearing a carnation on Mother's Day.[12] The founder, Anna Jarvis, chose the carnation because it was the favorite flower of her mother.[27] In part due to the shortage of white carnations, and in part due to the efforts to expand the sales of more types of flowers in Mother's Day, florists invented the idea of wearing a pink carnation if your mother was living, or a white one if she was dead; this was tirelessly promoted until it made its way into the popular observations at churches.[12][28] Other less traditional flower options may include a live blooming plant, flower leis, or a bouquet of a variety of different flowers.[29][30][31]

text: Commercialization[edit]

text: The commercialization of the American holiday began very early, and only nine years after the first official Mother's Day it had become so rampant that Anna Jarvis herself became a major opponent of what the holiday had become,[32][33] spending all her inheritance and the rest of her life fighting what she saw as an abuse of the celebration.[32] She decried the practice of purchasing greeting cards, which she saw as a sign of being too lazy to write a personal letter. She was arrested in 1948 for disturbing the peace while protesting against the commercialization of Mother's Day, and she finally said that she "...wished she would have never started the day because it became so out of control ..."[33] She died later that year.

text: Mother's Day is now one of the most commercially successful American occasions, having become the most popular day of the year to dine out at a restaurant in the United States[34] and generating a significant portion of the U.S. jewelry industry's annual revenue, from custom gifts like mother's rings.[35] Americans spend approximately $2.6 billion on flowers, $1.53 billion on pampering gifts—like spa treatments—and another $68 million on greeting cards.[36]

text: Commercialization has ensured that the holiday has continued, while other holidays from the same time, such as Children's Day and Temperance Sunday,[37] are no longer celebrated.[38]

text: Sports[edit]

text: From 2005 to 2013, the Southern 500 auto race was held on Saturday of Mother's Day weekend. Since 2014, the NASCAR Cup Series hosts the KC Masterpiece 400 at Kansas on Saturday of Mother's Day weekend. Also, the IndyCar Grand Prix has been held on Saturday of Mother's Day weekend since 2014.

text: Since 2007, The Players Championship men's golf tournament is held on Mother's Day weekend, except when May 1 falls on a Sunday, when it is held the next weekend. Previously, the Kingsmill Championship women's golf tournament was played on Mother's Day weekend from 2004 to 2009.

text: Professional sports players often wear pink clothing accessories on Mother's Day weekend.


document_title: National Lampoon's Christmas Vacation

question_text: national lampoon's christmas vacation who is cousin eddie related to

question_tokens: national lampoon 's christmas vacation who is cousin eddie related to

text: National Lampoon's Christmas Vacation

text: Plot[edit]

text: With Christmas only a few weeks away, Chicago resident Clark Griswold decides it is time to get a Christmas tree. He gathers his wife Ellen, daughter Audrey, and son Rusty and drives out to the country where he picks out a huge tree. Realizing too late that they didn't bring any tools to cut the tree down, they are forced to uproot it instead, before driving home with the tree strapped to the roof of their car.

text: Soon after, both Clark's and Ellen's parents arrive to spend Christmas, but their bickering quickly begins to annoy the family. Clark, however, maintains a positive attitude, determined to have a "fun old-fashioned family Christmas." He covers the house's entire exterior with 25,000 twinkle lights, which fail to work at first, as he has accidentally wired them through his garage's light switch. When they finally come on, they temporarily cause a citywide power shortage and create chaos for Clark's snobby neighbors, Todd and Margo. While standing on the front lawn admiring the lights, Clark is shocked to see Ellen's cousin Catherine and her husband Eddie, as they arrive unannounced with their children, Rocky and Ruby Sue, and their Rottweiler dog, Snot. Eddie later admits that they are living in the RV they drove, as he is broke and has been forced to sell his home. Clark offers to buy gifts for Eddie's kids so they can still enjoy Christmas.

text: Clark begins to wonder why his boss has not given him his yearly bonus, which he desperately needs to replace an advance payment he has made to install a swimming pool. After a disastrous Christmas Eve dinner, he finally receives an envelope from a company messenger, who had overlooked it the day before. Instead of the presumed bonus, the envelope contains a free year's membership for the Jelly of the Month Club. This prompts Clark to snap and go into a tirade about Frank, and out of anger, requests that he be delivered to the house so Clark can insult him to his face.

text: Eddie takes the request literally, drives to Frank's mansion, and kidnaps him. Clark confronts him about the cancellation of the employees' Christmas bonuses. Meanwhile, Frank's wife, Helen, calls the police, and a SWAT team storms the Griswold house and holds everyone at gunpoint. Frank decides not to press charges and explains the situation to his wife and the authorities, who scold him for his decision to scrap the bonuses, and decides to reinstate them (with Clark getting an add-on of 20% of his salary).

text: The family head outside, with Rocky and Ruby Sue believing they see Santa Claus in the distance. Clark tells them it's actually the Christmas Star and that he finally realizes what the holiday means to him. Uncle Lewis says the light is coming from the sewage treatment plant; reminding Clark that Eddie had been dumping his sewage into a storm drain. Before Clark can stop him, Uncle Lewis tosses a lit match, triggering an explosion. Aunt Bethany starts singing "The Star-Spangled Banner" and the whole family and the SWAT team join in, gazing at Clark's Santa Claus and reindeer set burning and flying into the distance. The entire family and the SWAT team members then celebrate inside the house, while Clark and Ellen happily share a Christmas kiss.

text: Cast[edit]

text:
Chevy Chase as Clark
Beverly D'Angelo as Ellen
Juliette Lewis as Audrey
Johnny Galecki as Rusty
John Randolph as Clark, Sr
Diane Ladd as Nora
E. G. Marshall as Art
Doris Roberts as Frances
Randy Quaid as Cousin Eddie
Miriam Flynn as Cousin Catherine
Cody Burger as Rocky
Ellen Hamilton Latzen as Ruby Sue
William Hickey as Lewis
Mae Questel as Bethany
Sam McMurray as Bill
Nicholas Guest as Todd Chester
Julia Louis-Dreyfus as Margo Chester
Brian Doyle-Murray as Frank Shirley
Natalia Nogulich as Helen Shirley

text: Production[edit]

text: National Lampoon's Christmas Vacation originated from a short story by writer John Hughes called "Christmas '59," which was published in the December 1980 issue of National Lampoon magazine.[6] "The studio came to me and begged for another one, and I only agreed because I had a good story to base it on," said Hughes. "But those movies have become little more than Chevy Chase vehicles."[7] Director Chris Columbus initially was to direct the film, but due to a personality clash between him and Chevy Chase, Columbus left the film and was replaced by Chechik. Hughes eventually gave Columbus the script to Home Alone.[8].

text: Principal photography began on March 27, 1989 in Summit County, Colorado,[9] with footage shot in Silverthorne, Breckenridge, and Frisco.[10] From there the production moved to Warner Bros. Studio Facilities in Burbank, California, where the set of the Griswold family's house is located.[11]

text: Music[edit]

text: The musical score for National Lampoon's Christmas Vacation was composed by Angelo Badalamenti. It is the only installment of the Vacation film series not to include Lindsey Buckingham's "Holiday Road". In its place is a song entitled "Christmas Vacation" that was written for the movie by the husband-wife songwriting team of Barry Mann and Cynthia Weil and performed by Mavis Staples of The Staple Singers fame.[12] The song was covered in 2007 by High School Musical star Monique Coleman for the 2007 Christmas album Disney Channel Holiday.[13]

text: Despite several popular songs being present in the film, no official soundtrack album was released. In 1999, a bootleg copy containing music featured in the film along with select cuts of dialogue dubbed as the "10th Anniversary Limited Edition" began to appear on Internet auction sites with the claim that Warner Bros. and RedDotNet had pressed 20,000 CDs for Six Flags Magic Mountain employees to sell to customers entering the park.[14] However, while the discs were individually numbered out of 20,000, only 7,000 were sold as a part of an on demand production printed at gift shop kiosks within the park.[15] Forums on movie music sites such as SoundtrackCollector later declared the disc to be a bootleg due to its inaccuracies.[16] For instance, the cut "Christmas Vacation Medley" (claiming to be the work of composer Angelo Badalamenti) is really a track called "Christmas at Carnegie Hall" from Home Alone 2: Lost in New York by composer John Williams and does not actually contain any of Badalamenti's Christmas Vacation score.

text: Reception[edit]

text: Box office[edit]

text: The movie debuted at #2 at the box-office while grossing $11,750,203 during the opening weekend, behind Back to the Future Part II.[17] The movie eventually topped the box-office charts in its third week of release and remained #1 the following weekend. It went on to gross a total of $71,319,546 in the United States while showing in movie theaters.[18]

text: Critical response[edit]

text: At the time of the film's release, the film received mixed to positive reviews; however, over time, many have cited it as a Christmas classic. Review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes reports that 64% of 36 film critics have given the film a positive review, with a rating average of 6.2 out of 10. The site's consensus reads, "While Christmas Vacation may not be the most disciplined comedy, it's got enough laughs and good cheer to make for a solid seasonal treat."[19]

text: Entertainment magazine Variety responded positively to the film stating, "Solid family fare with plenty of yocks, National Lampoon's Christmas Vacation is Chevy Chase and brood doing what they do best. Despite the title, which links it to previous pics in the rambling Vacation series, this third entry is firmly rooted at the Griswold family homestead, where Clark Griswold (Chase) is engaged in a typical over-reaching attempt to give his family a perfect, old-fashioned Christmas."[20] Rita Kempley of The Washington Post gave the film a positive review explaining that "it will prove pater-familiar to fans of the 1983 original and the European Vacation sequel. Only it's a bit more whimsical."[21]

text: Janet Maslin of The New York Times gave the film a mediocre review explaining that the "third look at the quintessentially middle-American Griswold family, led by Clark and the very patient Ellen is only a weary shadow of the original National Lampoon's Vacation." Maslin went on to say that "the best thing the new film does is to bring back Cousin Eddie, the wily, scene-stealing slob whose disgusting habits are a source of considerable amusement."[22] Roger Ebert of the Chicago Sun-Times gave the film two out of four stars saying, "The movie is curious in how close it comes to delivering on its material: Sequence after sequence seems to contain all the necessary material, to be well on the way toward a payoff, and then it somehow doesn't work."[23]


document_title: Blaze and the Monster Machines

question_text: who voices watts on blaze and the monster machines

text: Blaze and the Monster Machines

text: Plot[edit]

text: The show focuses on Blaze, a red monster truck, and his smart young driver, AJ. They live in a world that involves many living monster trucks.Their friends include the trucks Starla, Stripes, Zeg, Darington, and Watts (as of Season 3), as well as a girl named Gabby, who is a mechanic who can fix anything and also Watts' Monster Machine Driver and close friend (as of Season 3). Each episode also features Crusher, a sneaky blue truck who cheats in races. Crusher is almost always accompanied by a green car named Pickle.

text: Animals in this monster machine world also have blended windows and wheels; however AJ and Gabby are humans. In some episodes, Blaze, AJ and their friends are in a race against Crusher. During the race, Crusher cheats, usually with the help of his gray robots. However, Blaze and AJ manage to get through his traps, and they always beat him in time with the help of his Blazing Speed.

text: Some episodes do not involve races, but still have Blaze competing against Crusher, sometimes by racing against him to get an item. Other episodes involve helping a truck friend such as Starla, Zeg, Darington, Stripes, Watts, or even Crusher and/or Pickle.

text: Episodes[edit]

text:
Season
Episodes
Originally aired

First aired
Last aired

1
20
October 13, 2014 (2014-10-13)
February 18, 2016 (2016-02-18)

2
20
September 25, 2015 (2015-09-25)
April 14, 2017 (2017-04-14)

3
20
October 10, 2016 (2016-10-10)
February 22, 2018 (2018-02-22)

4
20
March 26, 2018 (2018-03-26)
TBA

text: Characters[edit]

text: Main[edit]

text:
Blaze (voiced by Nolan North) is an orange-red monster truck who is good hearted, loyal and brave. As one of the main protagonists, he is Axle City's number one racer, especially with help from his Blazing Speed. At the start of Season 2, Blaze becomes the newest member of the Axle City Fire Department. He & his friends would also visit VelocityVille (where they turn into Race Cars to take part in adventures & Race Car Events), & Animal Island (to visit their animal friends & transform into animals for competitions or to take care of problems and/or obstacles). As revealed in Season 3, Blaze's Blazing Speed Engine is not only what he uses to unleash his Blazing Speed, but it is also what allows him to drive around in general. As of Season 3, starting with the "Wild Wheels" episodes, Blaze's design has been slightly upgraded to have the addition of tail lights, coinciding with the series' upgraded animation. Blaze, along with his Monster Machine friends & Gabby's ATV, also have additional features as well, such as grappling lines to tow fellow Monster Machines out of trouble & Speed Lights to illuminate themselves in the dark & race in the dark in one of Axle City's outdoor race tracks.
AJ (voiced by Dusan Brown (season 1–early season 2) and later by Caleel Harris) is Blaze's best friend and driver, an eight-year-old science and technology expert. AJ's racing suit technology includes his Visor View & a wrist-com video watch worn on his left arm. His uniform can also undergo minor changes in appearance, such as when Blaze transforms into a Race Car, & Blaze using his Speed Lights.
Gabby (voiced by Angelina Wahler in 2014 through 2017, and later by Molly Jackson[2] in 2018-Present) is a knowledgeable 9-year old mechanic who fixes up the trucks when they are damaged, and sometimes rides with AJ & Blaze to take part in some of their adventures. Gabby's uniform & helmet undergoes changes like AJ's, but so far, it has only happened once (when Gabby's ATV uses Speed Lights). Gabby usually drives a purple ATV, but as of Season 3, Gabby, like AJ, is now a Monster Machine driver, driving with her new close friend, Watts. This makes Gabby the first female Monster Machine driver, the second Monster Machine driver in general (with the first being AJ), and both the first female Monster Machine driver AND first Monster Machine driver in general to be partnered with a female Monster Machine (in this case: Watts). When Gabby competes in a Monster Machine event with Watts, she wears a White & Magenta racing suit.
Stripes (voiced by Sunil Malhotra) is a striped truck with the abilities of a tiger such as a high sense of smell and retractable claws in his tires. In Season 3's "Wild Wheels" episodes, when Blaze transforms into a Lion Monster Machine, he shares his engineering powers to transform Stripes into Super Tiger Stripes.
Starla (voiced by Kate Higgins) is a purple pickup truck, a roping expert and speaks with a thick southern accent. She runs a farm outside the city.
Darington (voiced by Alexander Polinsky) is a clumsy yet fearless blue monster truck who loves stunts. In "Darington Saves the Circus", it reveals that Darington can speak chicken.
Zeg (voiced by James Patrick Stuart) is a half-triceratops, half-monster truck with brute tendencies. He has a short vocabulary and tends to refer to himself in third person.
Watts (voiced by Melanie Minichino[3]) is a magenta Monster Machine powered by electricity & the latest of Blaze's Monster Machine friends as of Season 3 (as shown from the updated standard Opening Sequence with the upgraded animation as of "Animal Island"). Watts is also the second female Monster Machine to both be part of the Main Cast & be part of Blaze's Machine friends, with the first female Monster Machine to do so being Starla. Watts' features include her electric engine & her electric tires, both allowing her to drive fast with her Electric Charge. When Watts met Blaze, AJ, & Gabby for the first time, Watts happily asks Gabby to be her driver, saying that she never had anyone driving her before. Gabby happily accepts Watts' offer, saying that she has never been a Monster Machine's driver before. Since then, Gabby is now a Monster Machine driver for Watts (just like AJ is Blaze's Monster Machine driver), & the 2 are now very close friends (just like Blaze & AJ are close friends). This makes Watts the first female Monster Machine capable of being driven by a human, the second Monster Machine in general to do so (with the first being Blaze), and both the first female Monster Machine AND first Monster Machine in general to be partnered with a female Monster Machine driver (in this case: Gabby).
Crusher (voiced by Kevin Michael Richardson) is Blaze and AJ's rival and the main antagonist of the series. He is childish, whiny, egotistical, and he cheats in most episodes just to get his way. A running gag of the show is where Crusher gets himself into trouble in various situations, especially when he crashes into something & ends up dizzy or messy. While he is known for his cheating & mischievous ways, he is not all bad & not really evil. In fact, there are times where Crusher is still good at heart at times. Examples of are shown when Crusher is willing to help Blaze save the Christmas Presents, and when he admits that he'd never steal anyone else's birthday cake when he realizes that it was Darrington's birthday cake that he was trying to take. In addition, Blaze and his friends are even willing to help Crusher in some instances, such as helping him find his toy truck "Little Trucky", Gasqautch saving him by sneezing away a thundercloud & then bringing him down from Mud Mountain, Gabby fixing his muffler / exhaust pipe when it got broken, and Blaze helped convince Crusher not to cheat when they've teamed up in a Team Truck Challenge in "Defeat the Cheat". In fact, in that race, Crusher (along with Blaze) has finally scored himself his first ever win fair and square, and it is also the first time where Crusher's running gag does not end with Crusher disgusted, but actually ends with Crusher being happy (as Crusher did bump into an ice cream cart & ended up messy, but happy about his win, he happily eats the dripping ice cream as he says, "Tastes like Winning!").
Pickle (voiced by Nat Faxon) is a green monster truck who is Crusher's sidekick despite Crusher's indifference towards him, although the 2 are known to be close friends most of the time. He tends to look on the brighter side of things and is quite goofy and has an extremely high pitch voice. Although he is by Crusher's side, Pickle has is actually quite friendly towards Blaze and his friends.

text: Supporting[edit]

text:
Bump Bumperman (voiced by Jeff Bennett)
Joe (voiced by Nat Faxon)
Gus (voiced by Kevin Michael Richardson)
The Bighorns (voiced by Dee Bradley Baker)
Gasquatch (voiced by Fred Tatasciore)
Grammy / "Crusher's Grandmother" (voiced by Susan Silo)
The Fire Chief (voiced by Joe Manganiello)
Pegwheel Pete the Pirate (voiced by Anthony Anderson)
The Great Sphinx (voiced by Mayim Bialik)
Santa (voiced by Bob Joles)
The Voice of Christmas (voiced by Carl Reiner)
Swoops (voiced by David Shatraw)
Speedrick (voiced by Keith Ferguson)
Rally (voiced by Danica Patrick)
Mark Set-go (voiced by Chase Elliott)
Dash (voiced by Jimmie Johnson)
Fender (voiced by Kasey Kahne)
Becky Checkerflag (voiced by Grey DeLisle)
The Light Thief (voiced by Melissa Rauch)
Lazard the Chameleon (voiced by Billy Ray Cyrus)
Clive
Ferris
Rudy
Snout the Warthog (voiced by Ian James Corlett)
Wartimer the Warthog (voiced by Trevor Devall)
Bunk the Elephant (voiced by Jess Harnell)
Bam the Gorilla (voiced by Sirena Irwin)
Skyler the Falcon (voiced by Kate Higgins)
Nelson the Rhino (voiced by Cedric Yarbrough)
Tooks the Toucan (voiced by Kelsea Ballerini)
Thunderwing the Falcon (voiced by Darius Rucker)

text: Locations[edit]

text:
Axle City: Axle City is the main location of the series, and where Blaze, AJ, Gabby, and all of the Monster Machines live. The most well known locations of the area include the Monster Dome (where many Monster Machine events are held, especially Monster Machine Racing), Mud Mountain (where the Monsters Machines, especially Gasquatch, hold Mud Fest), a land of Medieval Monster Machines, and much more, including nearby islands. Monster Machines race events include Stuntmania, the Axle City Grand Prix, and the Race to the Top of the World. Monster Machine friends, both in Axle City and other areas of the Monster Machine world, include the Great Sphinx, Pegwheel Pete and his Pirate Crew (though antogonistic in Race to the Top of the World, but happily congratulates Blaze & his friends for winning & become their friends in some adventures), Bump Bumperman, Gus & Joe, Gasquatch, & the Light Thief (a talking Kangaroo).
VelocityVille: VelocityVille is the location for the "Race Car Adventures" episodes. To reach VelocityVille, Blaze and his friends travel to it with help from their friend, Swoops the Helicopter, whom Blaze & AJ first met before he offers them a ride on their very first visit to VelocityVille. Where Axle City is inhabitted by Monster Machines, VelocityVille's inhabitants are Race Cars. This is where Blaze transformed into a Race Car for the first time to rescue his new friends of Velocityville, and since then, he, his Monster Machine friends, & even Crusher & Pickle transform into Race Cars whenever they visit VelocityVille. As a result of the Race Car Transformation, AJ's racing suit also undergoes some slight changes, such as his racing helmet having white detailing instead of black. Blaze, AJ, Gabby, & the other Monster Machine's Race Car friends include Rally, Fender, Dash, Mark-Set-Go, & other Velocityville residents like Becky Checkerflag & Speedrick (formerly a rival who wants no one to be faster than him, but now a friend who believes that all race cars, including him, should be fast). In VelocityVille, Race Cars happily drive around the city at incredible speed & velocity thanks to their aerodynamic shapes, & Race Car events take place, such as the Race to Eagle Rock, the Polar Derby, & the Hundred Mile Race.
Animal Island: Animal Island is a location in the Monster Machines' World where animals of all kinds reside, including insects. Animal Island is also the location for the "Wild Wheels" episodes. Unlike the animals in Axle City & VelocityVille, all of the animals in Animal Island are capable to talk like humans & Monster Machines, in addition to their usual animal noises. The main residents of the island & Blaze, AJ, Gabby, & the Monster Machines' animal friends include Bunk the Elephant, Bam the Gorilla, Skyler the Falcon, Nelson the Rhino, & Tooks the Toucan. Blaze & his friends travel to Animal Island by raft, or with help from their friend, Swoops the Helicopter. When Blaze & his friends visit Animal Island, instead of STEM Concepts, the "Wild Wheels" episodes teach viewers educational facts about all kinds of Animals.

text: Production[edit]

text: The first season consisted of 20 episodes.[4] On June 15, 2015, the series was renewed for a third season.[5] On June 21, 2016, it was renewed for a fourth season.[1]

text: Broadcast[edit]

text: Blaze and the Monster Machines premiered on Nick Jr. in the United Kingdom and Ireland on March 6, 2015[6] and on Nick Jr. in Australia and New Zealand on March 9.[7] The series is also airing on Nickelodeon and Treehouse TV in Canada,[8] Nick Jr. in Africa(,[9] TNT in Russia (Вспыш и чудо-машинки), and HOP! in Israel(בלייז וחברי משאית המפלצת שלו).

text: DVD Releases[edit]

text:
Title
Region 1

Blaze of Glory
February 17, 2015

High-Speed Adventures
August 11, 2015

Rev Up and Roar
February 16, 2016

Fired Up!
July 12, 2016

Race Into Velocityville
February 14, 2017

Escape to Animal Island
September 19, 2017

Heroes of Axle City
February 13, 2018


document_title: List of men's footballers with 500 or more goals

question_text: who has scored the most goals ever in football history

text: In top-level association football, 27 players have scored 500 or more goals over the course of their career, according to research by the Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation. Only players who were active in top division football for all or most of their careers are considered. The ranking below takes into account goals scored in official matches played with national teams at all age levels and clubs in all divisions.[1]

text: Ranking[edit]

text:
Unverified data is excluded from players' data; goal and match totals may be higher.
Players in bold are currently active; data is accurate as of 31 October 2017.[2][3]

text:
Rank
Player
Goals
Matches
Ratio
Years

1
 Bican, JosefJosef Bican (CZE)
805
530
1.52
1931–1956

2
 Romário (BRA)
772
994
0.78
1985–2007

3
 Pelé (BRA)
767
831
0.92
1957–1977

4
 Puskás, FerencFerenc Puskás (HUN)
746
754
0.99
1943–1966

5
 Müller, GerdGerd Müller (GER)
735
793
0.93
1962–1981

6
 Ronaldo, CristianoCristiano Ronaldo (POR)
633
911
0.69
2002–present

7
 Messi, LionelLionel Messi (ARG)
611
776
0.79
2004–present

8
 Deák, FerencFerenc Deák (HUN)
576
—
1940–1957

9
 Seeler, UweUwe Seeler (GER)
575
—
1953–1978

 Maravilha, TúlioTúlio Maravilha (BRA)
575
—
1988–2012

11
 Friedenreich, ArthurArthur Friedenreich (BRA)
557
—
1909–1935

12
 Willimowski, ErnstErnst Willimowski (POL)
554
—
1934–1955

13
 Eusébio (POR)
552
—
1957–1979

14
 McGrory, JimmyJimmy McGrory (SCO)
550
—
1922–1937

15
 Binder, FranzFranz Binder (AUT)
546
—
1949–1976

16
 Peyroteo, FernandoFernando Peyroteo (POR)
544
—
1937–1949

17
 Sánchez, HugoHugo Sánchez (MEX)
541
—
1976–1997

18
 Walter, FritzFritz Walter (GER)
539
—
1937–1959

19
 Takács, JózsefJózsef Takács (HUN)
523
—
1917–1934

20
 Zsengellér, GyulaGyula Zsengellér (HUN)
522
—
1935–1953

 Zico (BRA)
522
—
1971–1994

22
 Di Stéfano, AlfredoAlfredo Di Stéfano (ARG)
514
—
1945–1966

 Krankl, HansHans Krankl (AUT)
514
—
1970–1989

24
 Nordahl, GunnarGunnar Nordahl (SWE)
513
—
1937–1958

25
 Dinamite, RobertoRoberto Dinamite (BRA)
512
—
1971–1993

26
 Greaves, JimmyJimmy Greaves (ENG)
511
—
1957–1980

27
 Bene, FerencFerenc Bene (HUN)
508
—
1961–1978

text: Source: Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation[1]


document_title: Baby the Rain Must Fall

question_text: who played margaret rose in baby the rain must fall

text: Baby the Rain Must Fall

text: Plot[edit]

text: Georgette Thomas (Lee Remick) and her six-year-old daughter Margaret Rose (Kimberly Block) travel from the East Texas town of Tyler to (unknown to him) meet her husband Henry Thomas (Steve McQueen) in his small coastal prairie southeastern Texas hometown of Columbus, Texas. Henry is a somewhat irresponsible rockabilly singer/guitarist, he has recently been released from prison after serving time for stabbing a man during a drunken brawl, and wasn't thinking of Georgette at all.

text: Henry tries to make a home for his family (he seemed to be unaware of his daughter), but Kate Dawson (Georgia Simmons), the aging spinster who raised him after his parents died, remains a formidable presence in his life and tries to sabotage his efforts. She threatens repeatedly to have him returned to prison if he fails to acquiesce to her demands to give up singing, go to school, and get a real job. He resists this, and even convinces Georgette he will be a "star" someday, as he continues playing and working a part-time job with the Tillmans. When Kate Dawson finally dies, the evening after the funeral Henry drunkenly destroys her possessions (several shots show the belt she beat him with, untouched, hanging on a door near her bedroom), leaves with the silver willed to Catherine, then wrecks his car on the cemetery gate and desecrates her grave site.

text: Henry is destined for prison again, and Georgette and Margaret Rose will leave Columbus with Henry's childhood friend, the local sheriff's deputy, Slim (Don Murray). Slim has tried to help straighten Henry out, since before the arrival of Georgette and Margaret Rose to Columbus at the beginning of the movie, and failed. Slim and Georgette have clearly fallen in love together; even as Georgette does her best to love and gently comfort her self-tortured and cold husband Henry, unsuccessfully.

text: In the final scene, after an indeterminate time has passed and they have loaded their vehicle and driven away from the rented house, Georgette sees Henry (as does Slim) in the barred back of a sheriff's vehicle at a road crossing stop and turns Margaret Rose away before she sees him, bound on his way back to "the pen".

text: As they drive out of town and enter the open highway, Georgette answers Margaret Rose's question of where they're going; that they are driving away, to the warm Valley,[3] Rio Grande Valley, to begin a new life together. Georgette tells Margaret Rose that they have traveled a long way, from Lovelady to Tyler, from Tyler to Columbus, and now to the distant Valley (Lovelady is Georgette's hometown, and where she and Henry met and married).

text: Cast[edit]

text:
Lee Remick as Georgette Thomas
Steve McQueen as Henry Thomas
Don Murray as Deputy Sheriff Slim
Georgia Simmons as Kate Dawson
Paul Fix as Judge Ewing
Josephine Hutchinson as Mrs. Ewing
Ruth White as Miss Clara
Charles Watts as Mr. Tillman
Carol Veazie as Mrs. Tillman
Estelle Hemsley as Catherine, Miss Kate Dawson's Housekeeper
Kimberly Block as Margaret Rose Thomas
Zamah Cunningham as Mrs. T.V. Smith, Old Lady on Bus
George Dunn as Counterman at Restaurant
Glen Campbell as Band Member (uncredited)
Billy Strange performed the vocals for Steve McQueen.[4]

text: Production[edit]

text: The film was shot on location in the Texas cities of Columbus, Bay City, Wharton, and Lockhart, and a scene where Lee Remick works at a hamburger joint was filmed at the 31 Flavors ice cream store in Tarzana, California.

text: Many of the scenes were filmed in Columbus, the movie's actual locale. The scenes of the Colorado County Courthouse, the downtown store and bus shots (to the west of the Courthouse, on Milam St.), the Tillman's house scenes (a block away from the Courthouse), and those of the Columbus Cemetery. A significant evening scene, in which late-working Deputy Slim and Judge Ewing walk away from the Courthouse towards the street, shows a notable Columbus building (now museum) across Spring Street, the historic 1886 Stafford-Miller House.[5] Some of the downtown scenes show another notable Columbus building in the background, the 1886 Stafford Opera House[6] (which is next to the Stafford-Miller House, both south of the Courthouse), especially the morning scenes in front of the real estate office.

text: The last part of the "goodbye" scene, where Henry leaves deputy Slim, the sheriff, Georgette and Margaret Rose behind and takes off running, trips, then grabs onto the back of a flatbed truck, falls to the road, and is captured by Slim, was actually filmed in Wharton; at the (southern) beginning of Texas Farm to Market Road 102, (FM-102). The isolated country rental house scenes where Henry, Georgette and Margaret Rose live together were filmed near Bay City, just inland of the Gulf coast, and south of Wharton and Columbus.

text: The title song, with music composed by Elmer Bernstein and lyrics written by Ernie Sheldon, was performed by Glenn Yarbrough during the opening credits. Yarborough's recording reached #12 on the Billboard Hot 100 and #2 on the Easy Listening [7] chart. An instrumental version of the title song is used on some versions of film.

text: As a side note, in one scene where McQueen sings at a bar with his rockabilly band, one of his bandmates (to Henry's right) is singer-songwriter Glen Campbell, who is uncredited in the film.

text: Critical reception[edit]

text: Bosley Crowther, film critic for the New York Times, observed, "As honest and humble as is the effort to make the viewer sense a woman's baffled love for a shifty and mixed-up fellow in Baby, the Rain Must Fall, there is a major and totally neglected weakness in this film from a Horton Foote play that troubles one's mind throughout the picture and leaves one sadly let-down at the end. It is the failure of the screenwriter--Mr. Foote himself--to clarify why the object of the woman's deep affection is as badly mixed-up as he is and why the woman, who seems a sensible person, doesn't make a single move to straighten him out...Granting that the wife is astonished and distressingly mystified at the neurotic behavior of her husband, this doesn't mean that the viewer is satisfied to be kept in the dark as to the reasons for the stark and macabre goings-on...As it is, we only see that these two people are frustrated and heart-broken by something that's bigger than the both of them. But we don't know what it is." [8]

text: The staff at Variety said the film's chief assets were "outstanding performances by its stars and an emotional punch that lingers...Other cast members are adequate, but roles suffer from editorial cuts (confirmed by director) that leave sub-plots dangling." [9]


document_title: The Phantom of the Opera

question_text: when does phantom of the opera take place

text: The Phantom of the Opera

text: Plot summary[edit]

text: In 1911 Paris, the Palais Garnier is believed to be haunted by an entity known as the Phantom or the Opera Ghost. One day, the stagehand, Joseph Buquet, is found hanged, presumably by the Phantom, after boasting about him to the corps de ballet. At the same time, Christine Daaé, a young Swedish soprano, has been tutored by what she believes to be the Angel of Music, sent by her deceased father. On the night of the gala performance for the old manager's retirement, Christine is called upon to sing in the place of the Opera's leading soprano, Carlotta, who is ill, and her performance is an astonishing success. The Vicomte Raoul de Chagny, who was present at the performance, recognises her as his childhood playmate, and recalls his love for her. He attempts to visit her backstage, where he hears a man speaking to her from inside her dressing room. He investigates the room once Christine leaves, only to find that there's no one else in the room.

text: At Perros-Guirec, Christine meets with Raoul, who confronts her about the voice he heard in her room. Christine tells him about the Angel that has been tutoring her, but he is skeptical and suggests that she might be the victim of a prank. Hurt and angry, she storms off. Christine visits her father's grave one night, where a mysterious figure appears and plays the violin for her. Raoul attempts to confront it but is attacked and knocked out in the process.

text: Back at the Palais Garnier, the managers receive a letter from the Opera Ghost, demanding that they allow Christine to perform the lead role of Marguerite in Faust, and that box 5 be left empty for his use, lest they perform in a house with a curse on it. The managers ignore his demands, resulting in disastrous consequences: Carlotta ends up croaking like a toad, and the chandelier suddenly drops into the audience, killing the new concierge. The Phantom, having abducted Christine from her dressing room, reveals himself as Erik, a deformed former conjuror who lives in the cellars beneath the opera house, and that he has been the one tutoring her. Erik intends to keep her in his lair with him for a few days, but she causes him to change his plans when she unmasks him and, to the horror of both, beholds his noseless, lipless, sunken-eyed face which resembles a skull dried up by the centuries, covered in yellowed dead flesh.

text: Fearing that she will leave him, he decides to keep her with him forever, but when Christine requests release after two weeks, he agrees on condition that she wear his ring and be faithful to him. On the roof of the opera house, Christine tells Raoul about her abduction, and makes Raoul promise to take her away to a place where Erik can never find her, even if she resists. Raoul tells Christine he will act on his promise the next day, to which she agrees. However, Christine sympathises with Erik, and decides to sing for him one last time as a means of saying good-bye. Unbeknownst to Christine and Raoul, Erik has been watching them and overheard their whole conversation.

text: The following night, the enraged and jealous Erik abducts Christine during a production of Faust, and tries to force her to marry him. Raoul, along with an old acquaintance of Erik's, known as the Persian, attempt to rescue her but are trapped by Erik, who threatens that unless Christine agrees to marry him, he will kill them and everyone in the Opera House by using explosives. To save themselves and the people above in the Opera, Christine agrees to marry Erik. Erik initially tries to drown Raoul and the Persian, using the water which would have been used to douse the explosives. But Christine begs and offers to be his "living bride", promising him not to kill herself after becoming his bride, as she had both contemplated and attempted earlier in the novel. Erik eventually releases Raoul and the Persian from his torture chamber.

text: When Erik is alone with Christine, he lifts his mask to kiss her on her forehead, and is given a kiss back. Erik reveals that he has never received a kiss (not even from his own mother) nor has been allowed to give one and is overcome with emotion. He and Christine then cry together and their tears "mingle". Erik later says that he has never felt so close to another human being. He allows the Persian and Raoul to escape, though not before making Christine promise that she will visit him on his death day, and return the gold ring he gave her. He also makes the Persian promise that afterwards he will go to the newspaper and report his death, as he will die soon and will die "of love". Indeed, some time later Christine returns to Erik's lair, buries him somewhere he'll never be found (by Erik's request) and returns the gold ring. Afterwards, a local newspaper runs the simple note: "Erik is dead".

text: Characters[edit]

text:
Erik: The Phantom of the Opera, a deformed former conjuror also referred to as the Angel of Music and the Opera Ghost. He tutors and eventually becomes obsessed with Christine Daaé.
Christine Daaé: A young Swedish soprano at the Paris Opera House with whom the Phantom falls in love.
Vicomte Raoul de Chagny: Christine's childhood friend and love interest.
The Persian: A mysterious man from Erik's past.
Comte Phillipe de Chagny: Raoul's older brother.
Armand Moncharmin and Firmin Richard: The new managers of the opera house.
Madame Giry: Little Meg's mother, the box keeper.
Meg Giry: Often referred to as "Little Meg", Madame Giry's only daughter, a ballet girl. Later becomes Madame la Baronne de Castelot-Barbezac.
Debienne and Poligny: The previous managers of the opera house
Joseph Buquet: The chief scene-shifter.
Carlotta: A spoiled prima donna; the lead soprano of the Paris Opera House.
Madame Valérius: Christine's elderly guardian.

text: Adaptations[edit]

text: There have been many literary and other dramatic works based on Leroux's novel, ranging from stage musicals to films to children's books. Some well known stage and screen adaptations of the novel are the 1925 film and the Andrew Lloyd Webber musical.


document_title: Distal radioulnar articulation

question_text: what kind of joint is the radioulnar joint

text: Distal radioulnar articulation

text: Ligaments[edit]

text: The articular surfaces are connected together by the following ligaments:

text:
Palmar radioulnar ligament
Dorsal radioulnar ligament
Articular disk (triangular fibrocartilage)

text: Function[edit]

text: The function of the radioulnar joint is to lift and maneuver weight load from the distal radioulnar joint to be distributed across the forearm’s radius and ulna as a load-bearing joint.[1] Supination of the radioulnar joint can move from 0 degrees neutral to approximately 80-90 degrees where Pronation of the Radioulnar Joint can move from 0 degrees neutral to approximately 70-90 degrees.[2] Supination (palms facing up) vs. pronation (palms facing down). Muscles that contribute to function are all supinator (Biceps Brachii, Brachioradialis, and Supinator) and pronator muscles (Brachioradialis, Pronator Quadratus, and Pronator Teres).

text: Injuries[edit]

text: Injuries to the distal radioulnar articulation often result from falls onto an outstretched hand. Injury can occur with concurrent fracture of the distal radius, the ulna, or can be isolated. A classification system has been proposed by Estaminet and colleagues.[3]

text: Estaminet Classification[edit]

text: Estaminet classified injuries of the distal radioulnar articulation into four categories with two subclasses: purely ligamentous (subclass A) and those with associated boney injury (subclass B).

text:
Estaminet I - Attenuation on MRI only
Estaminet II - Volar distal radioulnar ligament is involved. Unstable in supination. Fixation should be in pronation.
Estaminet III - Dorsal distal radioulnar ligament is involved. Unstable in pronation. Fixation should be in supination.
Estaminet IV - Both ligaments are involved. Unstable in both supination and pronation. Fixation is in neutral.

text: Additional images[edit]

text:
Distal ends of radius and ulna along with the bones of the wrist and hand

Transverse section across distal ends of radius and ulna.


document_title: In Spite of Ourselves

question_text: who wrote the song in spite of ourselves

text: In Spite of Ourselves

text: Reception[edit]

text:
Professional ratings

Review scores

Source
Rating

Allmusic
 [1]

Robert Christgau
(A) [2]

Freight Train Boogie
 [3]

No Depression
(no rating)[4]

text: Writing for Allmusic, critic Michael B. Smith wrote the album "ranks as one of Prine's finest works, a scrapbook of country classics, interpreted by some of the genres best female vocalists, in duet with one fine American singer and a great songwriter."[1] Music critic Bill Frater wrote "To begin with, long-time John Prine fans might be a little put off by this new release. There is only one Prine-penned song in the bunch, In Spite of Ourselves, the title track... I love this album, and I applaud Prine proclaiming his love for these kinds of songs."[3] Robert Christgau gave the album an A rating, and had particular praise for Iris DeMent, writing "... the costar is Iris DeMent, who kills on both the Bobby Braddock cornpone of "(We're Not) The Jet Set" (rhymes with "Chevro-let set") and the conflicted spouse-swapping of the impossible old George & Melba hit "Let's Invite Them Over"—as well as Prine's only new copyright, the title track, in which a husband and wife who love each other to death paint totally different pictures of their marriage. "[2]

text: Critic David Cantwell of No Depression specifically singled out the title track as the best duet on the album and wrote that the album "is a solid collection of country duets, and if nothing else, it proves that Prine has great taste in old country songs... not to mention great taste in what used to be called “girl singers."[4]

text: Track listing[edit]

text:
"(We're Not) The Jet Set" (w. Iris DeMent)
"So Sad (To Watch Good Love Go Bad)" (w. Connie Smith)
"Wedding Bells/Let's Turn Back the Years" (w. Lucinda Williams)
"When Two Worlds Collide" (w. Trisha Yearwood)
"Milwaukee, Here I Come" (w. Melba Montgomery)
"I Know One" (w. Emmylou Harris)
"It's a Cheating Situation" (w. Dolores Keane)
"Back Street Affair" (w. Patty Loveless)
"Loose Talk" (w. Connie Smith)
"Let's Invite Them Over" (w. Iris DeMent)
"'Til a Tear Becomes a Rose" (w. Fiona Prine)
"In A Town This Size" (w. Dolores Keane)
"We Could" (w. Iris DeMent)
"We Must Have Been Out of Our Minds" (w. Melba Montgomery)
"In Spite Of Ourselves" (w. Iris DeMent)
"Dear John (I Sent Your Saddle Home)"

tag: ol

text: Chart performance[edit]

text:
Chart (1999)
Peak
position

U.S. Billboard Top Country Albums
21

U.S. Billboard 200
197


document_title: I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (Australian TV series)

question_text: who won im a celebrity get me out of here

text: Format[edit]

text: The premise of the show is that there is a group of well known personalities living together in a specially constructed camp site in a jungle. During their time in the jungle they are isolated from the outside world and are not commonly aware of outside events. The contestants compete for $100,000 to be donated to a charity of their choosing, in addition to being personally reimbursed for their participation.[9] While in the jungle, some of the contestants (generally voted by the viewing public) compete in challenges for food and luxuries for the camp. These challenges often involve local wildlife and are meant to take the contestants out of their comfort zone. Each week one or more of the contestants are evicted from the jungle, based on viewer votes. In addition, if the contestants become overwhelmed by their situation they can leave the series by speaking the phrase "I'm a celebrity get me out of here!". However, it is reported that if contestants do quit they will have their income for participating in the series markedly reduced.[10] Throughout the show, additional contestants (called "intruders") enter the competition; and beginning with season two, some contestants are only included temporarily (i.e. having a guest appearance).[11] In the end, a final viewer vote occurs to determine the winner of the series, who is given the title of "King and/or Queen of the Jungle".

text: Tucker trials[edit]

text: The contestants take part in daily trials to earn food. These trials aim to test both physical and mental abilities. The winner is usually determined by the number of stars collected during the trial, with each star representing a meal earned by the winning contestant for their camp mates.

text: Celebrity chest challenges[edit]

text: Two or more celebrities are chosen to take part in the celebrity chest challenge to win luxuries for camp. Each challenge involves completing a task to win a chest to take back to camp. However, to win the luxury item in the chest, the campmates must correctly answer a question. If they fail to answer correctly, the luxury item is forfeited and a joke prize is won. The luxury item is "donated" by a celebrity from the outside.

text: Secret mission[edit]

text: This is a challenge where some celebrities have to take part without alerting the other celebrities - if they are successful in their 'missions', they are rewarded.

text: Mystery box[edit]

text: A mystery box sees a box delivered to the campsite, each time containing a different gift for the contestants.

text: Production[edit]

text: Broadcast[edit]

text: The show is broadcast Sunday to Thursday at 7.30 pm, with a weekly eviction show on Sunday (except for the first week, where the celebrities arrive in the 'jungle'). All shows are presented by Julia Morris & Chris Brown from a nearby studio. The program is live to AEDT States (New South Wales, Victoria, Tasmania and the Australian Capital Territory), in other states the program is delayed to accommodate local time zones.

text: The fallout zone[edit]

text: In addition to the television broadcast, for the first season a live feed from the camp site aired for an hour after the AEDT airing of the show on Ten's website and mobile app, titled The Fallout Zone but more commonly referred to as FOZ. The content of feed was available on the website after the fact so viewers in other states could watch the show after their airing of the main show. The feed was hosted by comedian Sam Mac and producer Ciaran "The Butcher" Flannery, also known as "The C-Word".  On 8 and 12 March 2015, producer Dominic "The Domin8or" Sullivan filled in during Flannery's absence.  The duo interact with viewers through Twitter, using the hashtag #FOZ.  Mac and Flannery have no control over the shots used in the stream which has resulted in one episode featuring a 20-minute shot of a waterfall and, on 16 February 2015, a 15-minute conversation featuring a sound technician looking for Bob being picked up.  On 5 March 2015 the show famously featured audio problems during which Mac and Flannery's voices fluctuated between chipmunk and Darth Vader filters for the first thirty minutes. The show's theme song is Highway to the Fallout Zone sung by Sam Mac. The show did not return for the second season.

text: Public voting[edit]

text: Throughout the show the public votes on who competes in the following tucker trial and who to evict from the campsite. Viewers can either vote via SMS (by texting the name of the celebrity to 1995 1010) or vote via Social Media (namely Facebook or Twitter) by using the celebrity's hashtag (#celeb[name]). Voting via social media is limited to 20 votes per account. For tucker trial voting, viewers vote for celebrity they wish to compete. For eviction voting, viewers vote for a celebrity to stay. Voting closes at approximately 7:30pm AEDT for Sunday's eviction vote and at approximately 8pm AEDT for voting on other days.

text: Prior to the premiere of the second season, it was announced that the voting process would change slightly compared to the inaugural season. SMS voting wil be used for both trial and eviction voting while Twitter voting will be used exclusively for trial voting. This change was implemented to even the playing field between celebrities with a larger international fan base (who are more likely to receive Twitter votes from said fan base) and celebrities with a smaller fan base who are only known in Australia.[12] However, this decision was later reversed, allowing Twitter and Facebook votes for the finals.[13]

text: Series overview[edit]

text: Winners crowned King or Queen of their respective year.

text: Key:

text:
Season

Presenters

Start date

End date

Days in camp

Campmates

Honour places

Winner

Second place

Third place

1

Chris Brown and Julia Morris

1 February 2015 (2015-02-01)

15 March 2015 (2015-03-15)

45

14

Freddie Flintoff

Barry Hall

Chrissie Swan

2

31 January 2016 (2016-01-31)

13 March 2016 (2016-03-13)

45

12

Brendan Fevola

Paul Harragon

Laurina Fleure

3

29 January 2017 (2017-01-29)

13 March 2017 (2017-03-13)

46

14

Casey Donovan

Dane Swan

Natalie Bassingthwaighte

4

28 January 2018 (2018-01-28)

12 March 2018 (2018-03-12)

45

15

Fiona O'Loughlin

Shannon Noll

Danny Green

text: Series results[edit]

text: Season 1 (2015)[edit]

text:
Celebrity

Known for

Day Entered

Day Exited

Result

 Freddie Flintoff

England and Wales cricketer

17

45

Winner

 Barry Hall

Former AFL forward

1

45

Runner-up

 Chrissie Swan

Television & radio broadcaster

1

45

Third Place

 Maureen McCormick

The Brady Bunch actress

1

42

Evicted 11th

 Joel Creasey

Comedian

1

41

Evicted 10th

 Anna Heinrich

The Bachelor Australia star

10

41

Evicted 9th

 Julie Goodwin

Chef & cookbook author

17

40

Evicted 8th

 Merv Hughes

Former test match cricketer

1

39

Evicted 7th

 Tyson Mayr

Model

1

38

Evicted 6th

 Andrew Daddo

Television & radio presenter

1

31

Evicted 5th

 Lauren Brant

Hi-5 singer

1

24

Evicted 4th

 Laura Dundovic

Miss Universe Australia 2008

1

17

Evicted 3rd

 Tim Robards

The Bachelor Australia star

10

17

Evicted 2nd

 Leisel Jones

Olympic swimmer

1

10

Evicted 1st

text: Season 2 (2016)[edit]

text:
Celebrity

Known for

Day Entered

Day Exited

Result

 Brendan Fevola

AFL full-forward

1

45

Winner

 Paul Harragon

Former NRL prop forward

1

45

Runner-up

 Laurina Fleure

The Bachelor Australia 2 star

1

45

Third Place

 Anthony Callea

Singer-songwriter

1

42

Evicted 9th

 Shane Warne

Retired international cricketer

2

41

Evicted 8th

 Havana Brown

DJ

1

40

Evicted 7th

 Jo Beth Taylor

Television presenter

1

39

Evicted 6th

 Val Lehman

Prisoner actress

1

38

Evicted 5th

 Dean Geyer

Glee actor

1

31

Evicted 4th

 Bonnie Lythgoe

So You Think You Can Dance Australia judge

1

24

Evicted 3rd

 Akmal Saleh

Comedian

1

17

Evicted 2nd

 Courtney Hancock

Ironwoman

1

10

Evicted 1st

text: Season 3 (2017)[edit]

text:
Celebrity

Known for

Day Entered

Day Exited

Result

 Casey Donovan

Singer-songwriter (Australian Idol Winner)

1

46

Winner

 Dane Swan

AFL Legend

1

46

Runner-Up

 Natalie Bassingthwaighte

Singer & Actress

1

46

Third Place

 Nazeem Hussain

Comedian

1

45

Evicted 11th

 Steve Price

Radio Shock Jock

1

42

Evicted 10th

 Lisa Curry

Olympic Swimmer

1

41

Evicted 9th

 Ash Pollard

My Kitchen Rules contestant

1

40

Evicted 8th

 Carson Kressley

TV Personality

25

39

Evicted 7th

 Tegan Martin

Beauty Queen

1

38

Evicted 6th

 Keira Maguire

The Bachelor Australia 4 star

19

35

Evicted 5th

 Kris Smith

TV Personality & Model

2

35

Evicted 4th

 Tziporah Malkah

Former Model

2

31

Evicted 3rd

 Jay Laga'aia

Actor & Singer

1

24

Evicted 2nd

 Tom Arnold

Hollywood Actor

1

17

Evicted 1st

text: Season 4 (2018)[edit]

text:
Celebrity

Known for

Day Entered

Day Exited

Result

 Fiona O'Loughlin

Comedian

1

45

Winner

 Shannon Noll

Singer

1

45

Runner-up

 Danny Green

Boxer

7

45

Third place

 Vicky Pattison

Reality TV Star (I'm a Celeb UK, Winner)

17

44

Evicted 10th

 Simone Holtznagel

Model

1

41

Evicted 9th

 Peter Rowsthorn

Actor & Comedian

1

40

Evicted 8th

 Jackie Gillies

Psychic & Reality TV Star

1

39

Evicted 7th

 Josh Gibson

AFL Player

1

38

Evicted 6th

 Paul Burrell

Former Royal Butler (I'm a Celeb UK, Runner Up)

17

37

Evicted 5th

 Lisa Oldfield

Reality TV Star

24

34

Evicted 4th

 David Oldfield

Former Politician

24

30

Evicted 3rd

 Kerry Armstrong

Actress

1

23

Evicted 2nd

 Tiffany Darwish

Singer

1

16

Evicted 1st

 Anthony Mundine

Boxer

2

12

Withdrew

 Bernard Tomic

Tennis Player

1

3

Withdrew

text: Ratings[edit]

text:
Season

Episodes

Premiere

Finale

Source

Premiere date

Premiere viewers(Opening Night)

Rank

Premiere viewers(Welcome to the Jungle)

Rank

Finale date

Finale viewers(Grand final)

Rank

Finale viewers(Winner announced)

Rank

1

31

1 February 2015 (2015-02-01)

1.199

4

1.136

5

15 March 2015 (2015-03-15)

0.999

8

1.144

3

[14][15]

2

31

31 January 2016 (2016-01-31)

1.324

3

1.081

5

13 March 2016 (2016-03-13)

0.719

8

0.858

6

[16][17]

3

32

29 January 2017 (2017-01-29)

1.103

7

0.963

8

13 March 2017

0.989

6

1.056

2

[18][19]

4

31

28 January 2018 (2018-01-28)

1.274

4

1.108

5

12 March 2018

0.684

11

0.804

8

[20][21]

text: Awards and nominations[edit]

text:
Year

Award

Category

Recipients and nominees

Result

Refs.

2016

Logie Awards of 2016

Best Reality Program

I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!

Nominated

[22]

2017

Logie Awards of 2017

I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!

Nominated

[23]

2018

Logie Awards of 2018

I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!

Nominated

text: Lawsuit[edit]

text: In June 2017, Tom Arnold filed a lawsuit against Network Ten and A List Entertainment for defrauding him for being on I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!. Arnold claims that he was promised a payment of $425,000 and a comedy tour in Australia, however he was missing $140,000 in payment and that Network Ten backed out of the comedy tour.[24]


document_title: Pro Football Hall of Fame

question_text: when was the pro football hall of fame built

text: Pro Football Hall of Fame

text: History[edit]

text: The community of Canton, Ohio successfully lobbied the NFL to have the Hall of Fame built in their city for two reasons: first, the NFL was founded in Canton in 1920 (at that time it was known as the American Professional Football Association); second, the now-defunct Canton Bulldogs were a successful NFL team based in Canton during the first few years of the league. Groundbreaking for the building was held on August 11, 1962. The original building contained just two rooms, and 19,000 square feet (1,800 m2) of interior space.[3]

text: In April 1970, ground was broken for the first of many expansions. This first expansion cost $620,000, and was completed in May 1971. The size was increased to 34,000 square feet (3,200 m2) by adding another room. The pro shop opened with this expansion. This was also an important milestone for the Pro Football Hall of Fame, as yearly attendance passed the 200,000 mark for the first time. This was at least in some part due to the increase in popularity of professional football caused by the advent of the American Football League and its success in the final two AFL-NFL World Championship games.[3]

text: In November 1977, work began on another expansion project, costing US$1,200,000. It was completed in November 1978, enlarging the gift shop and research library, while doubling the size of the theater. The total size of the hall was now 50,500 square feet (4,690 m2), more than 2.5 times the original size.[3]

text: The building remained largely unchanged until July 1993. The Hall then announced yet another expansion, costing US$9,200,000, and adding a fifth room. This expansion was completed in October 1995. The building's size was increased to 82,307 square feet (7,647 m2). The most notable addition was the GameDay Stadium, which shows an NFL Films production on a 20-foot (6.1 m) by 42-foot (13 m) Cinemascope screen.[3]

text: In July 2017, Hall of Fame President David Baker announced an $800 million expansion project leading up to the NFL's 100th season in 2020.[4]

text: Inductees[edit]

text: Through 2017, all inductees except one, played some part of their professional career in the NFL (the lone exception is Buffalo Bills guard Billy Shaw, who played his entire career in the American Football League (AFL) prior to the 1970 AFL–NFL merger). Though several Hall of Famers have had AFL, Canadian Football League, World Football League, United States Football League and Arena Football League experience, and there is a division of the Hall devoted to alternative leagues such as this, to this point no players have made the Hall without having made significant contributions to either the NFL, AFL or All-America Football Conference. For CFL stars, there is a parallel Canadian Football Hall of Fame; only one player (Warren Moon) and one coach (Bud Grant) are in both halls.

text: The Chicago Bears have the most Hall of Famers among the league's franchises with 32 enshrinees.[5]

text: Selection process[edit]

text: Selection Committee[edit]

text: Enshrinees are selected by a 46-person committee, largely made up of media members, officially known as the Selection Committee.[6]

text: Each city that has a current NFL team sends one representative from the local media to the committee. A city with more than one franchise sends a representative for each franchise. Usually, the representative is a beat writer for the major newspaper in that city, with some exceptions; for instance, the Atlanta Falcons are represented by Len Pasquarelli (who no longer writes for the Atlanta Journal-Constitution), and the Jacksonville Jaguars are represented by WJXT sports director Sam Kouvaris.[6]

text: There are also 13 at-large delegates (usually cities that lose NFL teams keep representation on the board; this category currently comprises St. Louis, Missouri and San Diego, California), and one representative from the Pro Football Writers Association. Except for the PFWA representative, who is appointed to a two-year term, all other appointments are open-ended and terminated only by death, incapacitation, retirement, or resignation.[6]

text: Voting procedure[edit]

text: To be eligible for the nominating process, a player or coach must have been retired for at least five years. Any other contributor such as a team owner or executive can be voted in at any time.[7]

text: Fans may nominate any player, coach or contributor by simply writing to the Pro Football Hall of Fame via letter or email. The Selection Committee is then polled three times by mail to eventually narrow the list to 25 semifinalists: once in March, once in September, and once in October. In November, the committee then selects 15 finalists by mail balloting. Nine members of the Selection Committee also serve as a subcommittee known as the Seniors Committee to screen candidates who finished their careers more than 25 years prior. The Seniors Committee then adds two finalists from that group which makes a final ballot of 17 nominees.[7] Committee members are instructed to only consider a candidate's professional football contributions and to disregard all other factors.[8]

text: The Selection Committee then meets the day before each Super Bowl game to elect a new class. To be elected, a finalist must receive at least 80 percent support from the Board, with at least four, but no more than eight, candidates being elected annually. Once a contributor is inducted into the Hall, they cannot be banished and remain an inductee forever.[8]

text: According to staff, 46 members of the hall have been voted in with 100% of the vote; the most recent one being Brett Favre of the Green Bay Packers.

text: Enshrinement ceremony[edit]

text: The enshrinement ceremony is usually held during the first full weekend in August. An enshrinement festival is held throughout the week in Canton leading up to the enshrinement ceremony.[9]

text: Enshrinees do not go into the Pro Football Hall of Fame as a member of a certain team. Rather, all of an enshrinee's affiliations are listed equally.[7] While the Baseball Hall of Fame plaques generally depict each of their inductees wearing a particular club's cap (with a few exceptions, such as Catfish Hunter and Greg Maddux), the bust sculptures of each Pro Football Hall of Fame inductee make no reference to any specific team. In addition to the bust that goes on permanent display at the Hall of Fame, inductees receive a distinctive Gold Jacket and previous inductees nearly always wear theirs when participating at new inductee ceremonies.

text: Previous induction ceremonies were held during the next day (Sunday from 1999–2005, Saturday in 2006), situated on the steps of the Hall of Fame building. Starting in 2002, the ceremony was moved to Fawcett Stadium, where it was held from 1963 to 1965. Since 2007, the enshrinement ceremony has been held on the Saturday night before the Hall of Fame Game.[10]

text: Pro Football Hall of Fame Game[edit]

text: The Pro Football Hall of Fame Game, an annual NFL preseason opener is held the day after the enshrinement ceremony and officially kicks off the NFL Preseason.

text: Criticism[edit]

text: The Pro Football Hall of Fame uses only media representatives to select inductees. This, along with its policy of inducting only a maximum of seven players a year (six in certain years past), with a current maximum of two "senior" candidates and five "non-seniors," has been criticized by sports columnists, former players, and football fans.[9] Such critics would like to see solutions such as expanding the number of selectors, rotating panel members on and off the selection committee, and allowing former players to participate in the voting.[11] The small number of candidates elected each year has helped foster what some perceive as an inequality of representation at certain positions or in certain categories of player, with defensive players in general and defensive backs and outside linebackers in particular, special teams players, wide receivers, deserving players who primarily played on bad teams, and those from the "seniors" category, being slighted. This has included a 2009 New York Times article which criticized the Hall for not including punter Ray Guy on its ballot, also noting that the Hall did not have an inductee at the time representing the position.[11] (At least two inductees, Sammy Baugh and Yale Lary, punted in addition to playing other positions.) Guy was eventually inducted as part of the 2014 class for the Hall of Fame. There has also been criticism that certain players get overlooked because their team underproduced during their careers.[12]

text: The Pro Football Hall of Fame is unique among North American major league sports halls of fame in that officials have generally been excluded from the Hall; only one, 1966 inductee Hugh "Shorty" Ray, has been enshrined. The National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum, Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame and Hockey Hall of Fame have each inducted game officials as members. In part to rectify the lack of officials and other off-field contributors, the Hall of Fame added a “Contributors” committee beginning with the class of 2015, which will nominate officials, general managers, owners and other positions that have historically been overlooked by the committee at large.[13]

text: Another prominent absence from the Hall is sports-journalist Howard Cosell, who has yet to be awarded the Pete Rozelle Radio-Television Award despite his well-known association with Monday Night Football. An August 2010 Sports Illustrated article hints that Cosell may have even been "blacklisted" by the NFL.[14][15]

text: In 2015, the exclusion of Marvin Harrison from the yearly induction caused some to question the effect politics[clarification needed] has on the induction process. Harrison ranks 3rd all-time in receptions, was selected to the Pro Bowl eight times among many other individual records. He was also named as the hardest receiver to cover by veteran corner backs Champ Bailey and Charles Tillman. The duo of Harrison and quarterback Peyton Manning also hold the record for most receptions, touchdowns, and yards between any quarterback and wide receiver combo. Critics argue the induction committee is allowing age and wait time to overshadow production.[16][better source needed] Harrison was inducted into the Hall of Fame as part of the Class of 2016.