document_title: Lilo & Stitch

question_text: where is lilo from lilo and stitch from in the movie

text: Lilo & Stitch

text: Plot[edit]

text: Dr. Jumba Jookiba is arrested and put on trial by the Galactic Federation for "illegal genetic experimentation", as evidenced by his creation Experiment 626, a living creature which is capable of creating untold chaos. Jumba is imprisoned while Experiment 626 is sentenced to exile on a desert asteroid. 626 manages to escape in a spaceship and activates the hyperdrive, causing its guidance systems to malfunction and randomly set a course for Earth. The Grand Councilwoman dispatches Jumba and Agent Pleakley, the Council's expert on Earth, to the planet to have 626 captured discreetly. 626 lands on the Hawaiian island of Kauaʻi, only to be knocked unconscious by a passing truck and taken to an animal shelter.

text: On Kauaʻi, a young woman named Nani has been struggling to take care of her rambunctious younger sister, Lilo. A social worker named Cobra Bubbles expresses increasing concern that Nani has not been able to take adequate care of Lilo. Seeking a change, Nani decides to let Lilo adopt a dog and they go to the animal shelter, where Lilo immediately takes a keen interest in Experiment 626, who is impersonating a dog, in order to escape. Nani is confused and disgusted by 626 and questions Lilo's decision. Lilo names 626 "Stitch" and shows him around the island.

text: That evening, as Lilo and Stitch eat dinner at the restaurant where Nani works, Jumba and Pleakley try to capture Stitch. The resulting chaos is blamed on Stitch, causing Nani to be fired. The next day, Cobra warns Nani that if she doesn't get another job, Cobra will have to place Lilo with a foster family. As Nani attempts to find another job, Lilo tries educating Stitch about Elvis Presley, whom she calls a "model citizen". However, Stitch's antics, including foiling Jumba and Pleakley's attempts to capture him, ruin Nani's chances of finding work.

text: Nani's friend, David, invites Nani and Lilo to take a break and enjoy a day of surfing. While Nani, Lilo and Stitch ride on a huge wave, Jumba makes one final effort to capture Stitch from underwater, causing Nani to wipe out, and Stitch unintentionally pulls Lilo down with him. Although everyone gets safely to shore, Cobra witnesses this unfortunate event, telling Nani that although she means well, Lilo's best interests mean that she has to be taken away. After seeing how much trouble he has caused, Stitch leaves.

text: The next morning, the Councilwoman relieves Jumba and Pleakley of their assignment, freeing Jumba to pursue Stitch using less covert methods. Meanwhile, David informs Nani of a job opportunity, which Nani rushes to pursue. Stitch, hiding in the nearby woods, encounters Jumba, who chases Stitch back to Lilo's house. A fight ensues, which ends in Lilo and Nani's house being blown up. Cobra arrives to collect Lilo and take her away. As Nani and Cobra argue, Lilo runs away and encounters Stitch, who reveals his true form just moments before Captain Gantu, who has been given the task of recovering Stitch, captures both of them. Stitch manages to escape before Gantu's ship takes off and is confronted by Nani. Before he can explain everything, Jumba and Pleakley capture Stitch themselves. Nani demands that they help her rescue Lilo, although Jumba insists they only came for Stitch. When Nani breaks down over losing her sister, Stitch reminds Nani about ʻohana, a term for "family" he learned from Lilo, and convinces Jumba to help rescue Lilo. As Jumba, Pleakley and Nani give chase in Jumba's spaceship, Stitch drives a tanker truck full of fuel into a lava flow and uses the exploding tank to launch himself into Gantu's cockpit, where he distracts Gantu before rescuing Lilo.

text: Back on land, the Grand Councilwoman appears and prepares to take Stitch into custody and retire Gantu, but when Stitch explains that he has found a family in Nani and Lilo, she discovers that he has become a civilized creature; Lilo also shows her the adoption paper, declaring that she owns Stitch and that taking Stitch would be theft. The Councilwoman, before leaving, decrees that Stitch will live a life of exile on Earth and be entrusted into the care of Lilo and Nani, and asks Cobra, who turns out to be a former CIA agent whom she met previously in 1973, to watch over them. Together, they rebuild the house, and Jumba and Pleakley become members of Lilo and Stitch's family as well.

text: Cast[edit]

text:
Chris Sanders as Experiment 626/Stitch, a blue koala-like illegal genetic experiment with the ability to create untold chaos. Alex Kupershmidt served as the supervising animator for Stitch.
Daveigh Chase as Lilo Pelekai, an eccentric young Hawaiian girl on the island of Kaua'i who adopts Stitch as her pet dog. Andreas Deja served as the supervising animator for Lilo Pelekai.
Tia Carrere as Nani Pelekai, Lilo's stressed-out older sister and Lilo's legal guardian after the death of her and Lilo's parents in a car accident. Stephane Sainte-Foi served as the supervising animator for Nani Pelekai.
David Ogden Stiers as Dr. Jumba Jookiba, a Kweltikwan mad scientist employed by Galaxy Defense Industries who creates Stitch. Bolhem Bouchiba served as the supervising animator for Dr. Jumba Jookiba.
Kevin McDonald as Agt. Wendell Pleakley, a Plorgonarian Galactic Federation agent who acts as the expert of Earth. Ruben A. Aquino served as the supervising animator for Pleakley.
Ving Rhames as Cobra Bubbles, a former CIA agent once involved in the Roswell UFO incident who is assigned as a social worker for Lilo. Byron Howard served as the supervising animator for Cobra Bubbles.
Kevin Michael Richardson as Captain Gantu, the respected but arrogant Shaelik second-in-command of the Galactic Federation.
Zoe Caldwell as the Grand Councilwoman, the Gray leader of the Galactic Federation.
Jason Scott Lee as David Kawena, Nani's hapless surfer boyfriend. Ruben A. Aquino served as the supervising animator for David.
Miranda Paige Walls as Mertle Edmonds, Lilo's classmate from their hālau hula who despises and derides her.
Amy Hill as Mrs. Hasagawa, an elderly woman who runs a fruit stand.
Susan Hegarty as Rescue Lady, who runs the animal shelter where Lilo adopts Stitch.

tag: ul

text: Production[edit]

text: Development[edit]

text: Production of Lilo & Stitch began with then-Disney CEO Michael Eisner deciding that, in the wake of a number of high-profile and large-budget Disney animated features during the mid-1990s, the studio might try its hand at a smaller and less expensive film.[3] The idea was inspired by the production of Dumbo, an economically-made 1941 Walt Disney film produced in the wake of the more expensive Pinocchio and Fantasia. Chris Sanders, a head storyboard artist at Disney Feature Animation, was approached to pitch an idea. Sanders had created the character of Stitch in 1985 for an unsuccessful children's book pitch, and developed a treatment for an animated feature featuring the character.[3] The story line required a remote, non-urban location, so the movie was originally intended to take place in Kansas.[4] Sanders's decision to change the film's setting to the Hawaiian island of Kauaʻi was an important choice in defining the plot more clearly. No other animated feature had ever taken place on any of the Hawaiian islands before.[4] In Sanders's words:

text: Animation has been set so much in ancient, medieval Europe — so many fairy tales find their roots there, that to place it in Hawaiʻi was kind of a big leap. But that choice went to color the entire movie, and rewrite the story for us.

text: Writing[edit]

text: Dean DeBlois, who had co-written Mulan (1998) with Sanders, was brought on to co-write and co-direct Lilo & Stitch, while Disney executive Clark Spencer was assigned to produce. Unlike several previous and concurrent Disney Feature Animation productions, the Lilo & Stitch pre-production team remained relatively small and isolated from upper management until the film went into full production.[5] The character and set designs were based upon Chris Sanders's personal artistic style.[3]

text: While the animation team visited Kauaʻi to research the locale, their tour guide explained the meaning of ʻohana as it applies to extended families. This concept of ʻohana became an important part of the movie. DeBlois recalls:

text: No matter where we went, our tour guide seemed to know somebody. He was really the one who explained to us the Hawaiian concept of ʻohana, a sense of family that extends far beyond your immediate relatives. That idea so influenced the story that it became the foundation theme, the thing that causes Stitch to evolve despite what he was created to do, which is destroy.

text: The island of Kauaʻi had previously been featured in such films as Raiders of the Lost Ark and those from the Jurassic Park trilogy. The Disney animators faced the daunting task of meshing the film's plot, which showed the impoverished and dysfunctional life that many Hawaiians lived during the then-recent economic downturn, with the island's serene beauty. The actors voicing the film's young adults Nani and David, Tia Carrere, a native of Honolulu, and Jason Scott Lee, who was raised in Hawaii, assisted with rewriting the Hawaiian characters' dialogue in the proper colloquial dialect and adding Hawaiian slang.

text: One innovative and unique aspect of the film was its strong focus on the relationship between two sisters, Lilo and Nani. Making the relationship between sisters into a major plot element is very rare in American animated films.[6]:13

text: Design and animation[edit]

text: In a deviation from several decades' worth of Disney features, Sanders and DeBlois chose to use watercolor painted backgrounds for Lilo & Stitch, as opposed to the traditional gouache technique.[3] While watercolors had been used for the early Disney animated shorts, as well as the early Disney features Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937), Pinocchio (1940), and Dumbo (1941), the technique had been largely abandoned by the mid-1940s in favor of less complicated media such as gouache. Sanders preferred that watercolors be used for Lilo & Stitch to evoke both the bright look of a storybook and the art direction of Dumbo, requiring the background artists to be trained in working with the medium.[3] The character designs were based around Sanders's personal drawing style, eschewing the traditional Disney house style.[3] The film's extraterrestrial elements, such as the spaceships, were designed to resemble marine life, such as whales and crabs.[7]

text: Marketing[edit]

text: Teaser trailers for the film parody trailers for other Disney films (three of which Sanders previously worked on) from the Disney Renaissance: Beauty and the Beast, Aladdin, The Little Mermaid and The Lion King. These are called "Inter-Stitch-als" and are featured on Disney's official site as well as on the film's respective DVD release. The original actors were brought back to reprise their roles and were shocked when asked to act negatively towards Stitch. The trailers also include the AC/DC song track "Back in Black." In the United Kingdom, Lilo & Stitch trailers and TV ads featured a cover of Elvis' song "Suspicious Minds", performed by Gareth Gates, who became famous on the UK TV program Pop Idol. The marketing campaign presented Stitch as the sort of "Disney Family Black Sheep". As a promotional campaign, comics of Lilo & Stitch were run in Disney Adventures prior to the film's release. The comics detailed events leading up to the film for both title characters, including the creation and escape of Stitch. These events were later contradicted by the sequel Lilo & Stitch 2: Stitch Has a Glitch rendering the comics non-canonical, but is notable to the series as introducing Experiment 625, Reuben, who was made a main character in the subsequent movies and TV series. The comic series has been released as a collective volume titled Comic Zone Volume 1: Lilo & Stitch.

text: Deleted scenes[edit]

text: Several major elements of the film changed during production. Originally, Stitch was the leader of an intergalactic gang, and Jumba was one of his former cronies summoned by the Intergalactic Council to capture Stitch.[3] Test audience response to early versions of the film resulted in the change of Stitch and Jumba's relationship to that of creation and creator, respectively.[3] The biggest change came to the film's third act, which had Stitch, Nani, Jumba and Pleakley hijacking a Boeing 747 jet from Lihue Airport and flying it through downtown Honolulu to save Lilo. Following the September 11, 2001 attacks on the World Trade Center, this sequence was revised so that Stitch instead flew a spaceship through the mountains of Kauaʻi. This revision was done primarily by replacing the CGI model of the 747 with that of Jumba's spaceship, with only a few shots in the sequence fully re-animated.[3] Another scene that was deleted was one of Lilo's attempts to make Stitch into a model citizen by notifying tourists on the beach about the tsunami warning sirens, which she knows are being tested that day. The original version of Jumba attacking Stitch in Lilo's home was found to be too violent by test audiences, and was revised to make it more comedic. There was also a scene in which Lilo introduces Stitch to Pudge the fish, which ultimately leads to the fish's death. Lilo then takes Pudge's body to the same graveyard where her parents were buried, and thus Stitch learns the consequences of his actions and gains a better understanding of mortality. A scene was removed where Nani brings Lilo pizza and then Lilo tells herself a bedtime story about a friendly and stinky bear named Toaster. It was replaced with the scene where Lilo and Nani talk about being family because test audiences had mistaken Nani for Lilo's mother. The trial scene originally had Stitch as the defendant, and Jumba is not present. This was changed because of the film directors thought Intergalactic Council had to blame him for creating Stitch.

text: Release[edit]

text: Box office[edit]

text: Lilo & Stitch opened in second place with $35.3 million in its first weekend, less than $500,000 behind the film Minority Report. In its second week it fell to third, again behind the Steven Spielberg film coming in second. The film earned $145.8 million in the United States and Canada, and $127.3 million internationally, totaling $273.1 million globally.[1] Box Office Mojo estimates that the film sold over 53 million tickets during its original run.[8]

text: Critical reception[edit]

text: Lilo & Stitch received largely positive reception. Rotten Tomatoes reported that the film has an 86% "Certified Fresh" approval rating based on 145 reviews, with an average score of 7.3/10. The site's consensus reads, "Edgier than traditional Disney fare, Lilo and Stitch explores issues of family while providing a fun and charming story."[9] The film has also earned a score of 73 on Metacritic.[10] Roger Ebert of the Chicago Sun-Times gave the film 3.5 stars out of 4 and wrote "It's one of the most charming feature-length cartoons of recent years—funny, sassy, startling, original and with six songs by Elvis".[11] The film's success spawned a Lilo & Stitch franchise, with three sequel films and three television series.

text: Peter M. Nichols states that through the character of Nani and her struggles, the film appeals to older children better than such attempts by the studio to do so as The Emperor's New Groove, Atlantis: The Lost Empire, and Treasure Planet.[12]

text: Home media[edit]

text: Lilo & Stitch was released on VHS and DVD on December 3, 2002.[13] In 2009, a special 2-disc DVD "Big Wave Edition" was released featuring a making-of documentary, more deleted scenes including the original climax with the plane hijacking, a number of behind-the-scenes featurettes, and some games.[14] The film was released on Blu-ray on June 11, 2013 in a 2-Movie Collection with its sequel Lilo & Stitch 2: Stitch Has a Glitch.[15]

text: Soundtrack[edit]

text:
Lilo & Stitch

Soundtrack album by Various artists

Released
June 11, 2002

Recorded
2001-2002

Genre
Rock, country rock, pop

Length
34:47

Label
Walt Disney

Producer
Chris Montan (executive)

Lilo & Stitch music chronology

Lilo & Stitch
(2002)
Lilo & Stitch 2: Island Favorites
(2006)Lilo & Stitch 2: Island Favorites2006

Walt Disney Animation Studios chronology

Atlantis: The Lost Empire
(2001) Atlantis: The Lost Empire2001
Lilo & Stitch
(2002) Lilo & Stitch2002
Treasure Planet
(2002) Treasure Planet2002

Singles from Lilo & Stitch

"Can't Help Falling in Love"
Released: October 29, 2002

tag: table

text:
Professional ratings

Review scores

Source
Rating

AllMusic
[16]

text: Lilo & Stitch: An Original Walt Disney Records Soundtrack is the soundtrack to Disney's 2002 animated feature Lilo & Stitch. It contains two original songs from the film written by Mark Kealiʻi Hoʻomalu and Alan Silvestri (the film's composer), and performed by Kealiʻi Hoʻomalu and the Kamehameha Schools children's chorus. Also contains five songs by American singer Elvis Presley, and two of his songs re-recorded by American singer Wynonna ("Burning Love"), British singer Gareth Gates ("Suspicious Minds", UK release) and Swedish group A*Teens ("Can't Help Falling in Love"). It was released by Walt Disney Records on June 11, 2002 on Audio CD and Compact Cassette.

text: Track listing[edit]

text:
No.
Title
Performer
Length

1.
"Hawaiian Roller Coaster Ride"
Mark Kealiʻi Hoʻomalu, The Kamehameha Schools Children's Chorus
3:28

2.
"Stuck on You"
Elvis Presley
2:25

3.
"Burning Love"
Wynonna
3:10

4.
"Suspicious Minds"
Elvis Presley
3:23

5.
"Heartbreak Hotel"
Elvis Presley
2:13

6.
"(You're the) Devil in Disguise"
Elvis Presley
2:30

7.
"He Mele No Lilo"
Mark Kealiʻi Hoʻomalu, The Kamehameha Schools Children's Chorus
2:28

8.
"Hound Dog"
Elvis Presley
2:27

9.
"Can't Help Falling in Love"
A*Teens
3:07

10.
"Stitch to the Rescue (score)"
Alan Silvestri
5:57

11.
"You Can Never Belong (score)"
Alan Silvestri
3:56

12.
"I'm Lost (score)"
Alan Silvestri
4:43

text: Charts[edit]

text:
Chart (2002)
Peak
position

US Billboard 200
11

US Billboard Top Soundtracks
1

text: Sequels[edit]

text: On August 26, 2003, Disney released a direct-to-video sequel, Stitch! The Movie, which served as the pilot to a television series titled Lilo & Stitch: The Series. This series ran for 65 episodes between September 20, 2003 and July 29, 2006. The series carried on where the film left off and charted Lilo and Stitch's efforts to capture and rehabilitate Jumba's remaining experiments. The series ended with the television film Leroy & Stitch, which aired on June 23, 2006.

text: On August 30, 2005, Lilo & Stitch 2: Stitch Has a Glitch, another direct-to-video sequel to the film, was released. In this film (set between Lilo & Stitch and Stitch! The Movie), Stitch has a glitch because his molecules were never fully charged (this is contrary to an alternate opening, "Stitch's trial", which was seen on the DVD release of Lilo & Stitch). Lilo wants to win the May Day hula contest like her mother did in the 1970s, but Stitch continues to have outbursts. Lilo gets increasingly mad at Stitch as his glitch causes more problems for her and ruins her chances of winning the competition. She thinks Stitch is not cooperating properly, until she finds out that Stitch is dying.

text: In March 2008, Disney announced an anime based on the Lilo & Stitch franchise aimed at the Japanese market titled Stitch!. The anime, which began in October 2008, features a Japanese girl named Yuna in place of Lilo, and is set on a fictional island in Okinawa Prefecture instead of Hawaii. This series was produced by Madhouse and later Shin-Ei Animation.

text: In March 2017, a third animated television series based on the franchise titled Stitch & Ai debuted in China. Like with the Stitch! anime, it features a local girl named Ai instead of Lilo, and is set in the Huangshan mountains. Unlike Stitch! however, this series was originally produced in English in co-operation with American animators and then dubbed into its local language. Stitch & Ai is produced by Anhui Xinhua Media and Panimation Hwakai Media.

text: Video games[edit]

text: There were three official games released to coincide with the film: Disney's Lilo & Stitch: Trouble in Paradise for PlayStation and Microsoft Windows, Disney's Lilo & Stitch for Game Boy Advance, and Disney's Stitch: Experiment 626 for PlayStation 2. Stitch is also a summonable character in Kingdom Hearts II and appears along with his homeworld in Kingdom Hearts Birth by Sleep for the PlayStation Portable. Lilo and Stitch both appear in the Nintendo 3DS game Disney Magical World and its sequel. Stitch is also a playable character in the Disney Infinity series in the second game, Disney Infinity: Marvel Super Heroes, and the series' third and final game, Disney Infinity 3.0. He was also a meet and greet character in Kinect: Disneyland Adventures.


document_title: The Greatest Showman

question_text: who played the albino twins in greatest showman

root

text: The Greatest Showman

text: Plot

text: In the late 19th century, P. T. Barnum and his troupe perform a show at the circus ("The Greatest Show"). In a flashback to Barnum's childhood where he and his father Philo, a tailor, work for the Hallett family, he becomes infatuated with their daughter, Charity. Though Charity is being sent to finishing school, Barnum reassures her they will not be separated. The two keep in touch through letters until they meet again in adulthood ("A Million Dreams"), eventually marrying and raising two daughters, Caroline and Helen, in New York City ("A Million Dreams" reprise). They live a humble life; though Charity is happy, Barnum dreams of more.

tag: p

text: Barnum loses his job as a clerk at a shipping company after the company goes bankrupt. Taking a risky bet, he takes out a large loan from a bank, deceiving the bank into accepting his former employer's lost ships as collateral. He uses this loan to buy Barnum's American Museum in downtown Manhattan, an attraction showcasing various wax models. Initially, sales are slow; on the suggestion of his children to showcase something "alive", Barnum searches for "freaks" to serve as performers for his museum ("Come Alive"). This attracts a large audience despite protests and poor reviews, prompting Barnum to rename his venture "Barnum's Circus."

text: Searching for ways to further his reputation amongst the upper class, Barnum meets playwright Phillip Carlyle and convinces him to join his venture ("The Other Side"). Carlyle is mesmerized by Anne Wheeler, an African-American trapeze artist, but he hides his feelings. During a trip, Carlyle arranges for Barnum and his troupe to meet Queen Victoria. Afterwards, Barnum meets Jenny Lind, a famed Swedish singer, whom he convinces to perform in America, with him serving as her manager. Lind's first American performance is a rousing success ("Never Enough"). While Barnum gains favor with the aristocratic patrons, he begins to distance himself from his original troupe, refusing to socialize with them. Dejected, they decide to stand against their local harassers ("This Is Me").

text: Carlyle and Wheeler attend the theater together one night, only to run into Carlyle's parents, who are blatantly racist toward Wheeler, causing her to leave. Carlyle chases her and tries to convince her that they can be together, but she rejects him despite her feelings towards him ("Rewrite the Stars"). As Barnum takes Lind on a US tour, Charity feels isolated from her husband as she stays home with their daughters ("Tightrope"). While on tour, Lind begins falling in love with Barnum, but when he refuses her advances, she calls off the tour and kisses him at the end of her last show, which is photographed by the press ("Never Enough" reprise). Barnum returns home to find his circus on fire, caused by a fight between the protesters and the troupe. Carlyle, who had tried to save Wheeler not knowing she had already escaped, is rescued by Barnum amid the chaos but suffers severe burns. Most of the sets and props are destroyed. Word of Lind's cancellation and Barnum's public intimacy also reaches New York, resulting in his mansion being foreclosed upon and Charity taking Caroline and Helen to her parents' home.

text: Depressed, Barnum retreats to a local bar, where his troupe find him there and explain that despite their disappointments, they still consider themselves a family that needs him. An inspired Barnum resolves to start anew and not let ambition overtake his loved ones anymore. Meanwhile, the injured Carlyle wakes in a hospital with Anne by his side ("From Now On").

text: Barnum leaves and finds his wife, and they decide to mend their relationship. Faced with the financial difficulty of rebuilding the circus, the recovering Carlyle steps in, offering to use his earnings from his share of the circus's profits to rebuild it under the condition of becoming partners, which Barnum happily accepts. As rebuilding the circus in its original location would be too expensive, Barnum rebuilds it as an open-air tent circus by the docks. The revamped circus is a huge success, and Barnum gives full control of the show to Carlyle so he can focus on his family ("The Greatest Show" reprise).

text: Cast

text:
Hugh Jackman as P. T. Barnum, an ambitious showman and entrepreneur.
Ellis Rubin as Young P. T. Barnum
Ziv Zaifman provides Young P. T. Barnum's singing voice.
Zac Efron as Phillip Carlyle, a playwright who becomes Barnum's partner. His character is partly based on James Anthony Bailey.[citation needed]
Michelle Williams as Charity Hallett-Barnum, the wife of P.T. Barnum.
Skylar Dunn as Young Charity
Rebecca Ferguson as Jenny Lind, a famous Swedish singer known as the "Swedish Nightingale".
Loren Allred provides Lind's singing voice.[8][9]
Zendaya as Anne Wheeler, an acrobat and trapeze artist. Her character is partly based on Ruth Louisa McCaddon.
Keala Settle as Lettie Lutz, a bearded lady. She is a composite character partly based on Josephine Clofullia and Annie Jones.
Yahya Abdul-Mateen II as W. D. Wheeler, an acrobat and Anne's older brother.
Natasha Liu Bordizzo as Deng Yan, a Chinese acrobat and blade-specialist.
Paul Sparks as James Gordon Bennett, the founder, editor and publisher of the New York Herald.
Sam Humphrey as Charles Stratton, a dwarf performer who is also known by his stage name, General Tom Thumb.
James Babson provides Stratton's singing voice.
Austyn Johnson as Caroline Barnum, Barnum's older daughter.
Cameron Seely as Helen Barnum, Barnum's younger daughter.
Eric Anderson as Mr. O'Malley, a former thief whom Barnum employs at his circus to handle different tasks like staffing the front of the house, selling tickets, reading the reviews, fending off the protestors, producing the posters and promotional materials, and distributing the circus posters on everything.
Daniel Everidge as The Lord of Leeds, a heavyweight man who is based on Teodulo Valenzuela.
Radu Spinghel as O'Clancy, an "Irish Giant."
Timothy Hughes as the Strongman, a man with enhanced strength who is based on Angus MacAskill.[citation needed]
Shannon Holtzapffel as Prince Constantine, the Tattooed Man who is based on Captain George Costentenus.
Luciano Acuna Jr. as Walter, the Dog Boy who is based on Fedor Jeftichew.
Danial Son and Yusaku Komori as Chang and Eng Bunker, the "Siamese Twins."
Jonathan Redavid as Frank Lentini, the Three-Legged Man.
Nick Jantz as Jeff Harris, the Juggler.
Kenneth Chan as the Human Cannonball
Martha Nichols as Woman in Gold, a woman in gold clothing with gold spots on her.
Jeremy Hudson as The Elephant-Skinned Man, a man who is based on Ralph Krooner. He was credited as "Dancer Oddity #3."[10]
Taylor James as Blockhead, a man with facial piercing that is based on Melvin Burkhart. He is credited as "Dancing Oddity #4."[10]
Chelsea Caso as Tattoo Lady, a woman covered in tattoos who is based on Nora Hildebrant. She is credited as "Dancing Oddity #5."[10]
Caoife Coleman and Mishay Petronelli as the Albino Twins, two white-haired pale women in white clothes. They were credited as "Dancer Oddity #6" and "Dancer Oddity #7."
Khasan Brasilford as Albino Man, a white-haired man in white clothes. He was credited as "Ensemble Dancer #1."[10]
Alex Wong as Oriental Man, a man dressed in an oriental outfit. He was credited as "Ensemble Dancer #2."[10]
Julius Rubio as Golden Boy, a man in gold clothing with gold spots on him. He was credited as "Ensemble Dancer #3."[10]
Vincent-Oliver Noiseux as Devil Boy, a performer with horns. He was credited as "Ensemble Dancer #4."[10]
DeAnna Walters and Jessica Castro as the Voodoo Twins. They are credited as "Ensemble Dancer #5" and "Ensemble Dancer" #6.[10]
Najla Gilam as Snake Dancer, a snake charmer who is based on Nala Damajanti. She was credited as "Ensemble Dancer #7."[10]
Christina Glur as the Egyptian Lady, a woman in a fiery red costume with matching hair and an all-seeing eye tattooed on the palm of her right hand. She was credited as "Ensemble Dancer #8".[10]
Damian Young as Mr. Winthrop
Tina Benko as Mrs. Winthrop
Shuler Hensley as Lead Protestor, the leader of the anti-freak protestors.
Gayle Rankin as Queen Victoria, the Queen of England.
Sammy Voit as museum boy.
Will Swenson as Philo Barnum, a tailor and the father of P. T. Barnum.
Fredric Lehne as Benjamin Hallett, father of Charity and abusive father-in-law of Barnum.
Kathryn Meisle as Hannah Hallett, mother of Charity and mother-in-law of Barnum.

text: Production

text: The project was first announced in 2009, with Jackman already set for the title role.[11] In August 2011, Michael Gracey was chosen to direct.[12] In 2013, Fox hired lyricists Pasek and Paul to write the songs.[13]

text: On June 15, 2016, Zac Efron began negotiations to star in the film,[14] and in July 2016, Michelle Williams was cast.[15][16][17][18] The film was choreographed by Ashley Wallen.[19]

text: Filming

text: Rehearsals on the film began in October 2016 in New York City, and principal photography began on November 22, 2016.[20][21]

text: Post-production

text: In December 2017, it was reported that James Mangold, who had worked with Jackman on several projects (including 2017's Logan), had been brought in to serve as an executive producer during the film's post-production. In an interview, director Michael Gracey noted, "There were eight producers on this film, and it was amazing having one of them be a filmmaker."[22]

text: Music

text: Musical numbers

text: Benj Pasek and Justin Paul wrote all the songs appearing in the film.[23]

text:
"The Greatest Show" – Hugh Jackman, Keala Settle, Zac Efron, Zendaya
"A Million Dreams" – Ziv Zaifman, Jackman, Michelle Williams
"A Million Dreams" (Reprise) – Austyn Johnson, Cameron Seely, Jackman
"Come Alive" – Jackman, Settle, Daniel Everidge, Zendaya
"The Other Side" – Jackman & Efron
"Never Enough" – Loren Allred
"This Is Me" – Settle
"Rewrite the Stars" – Efron & Zendaya
"Tightrope" – Williams
"Never Enough" (Reprise) – Allred
"From Now On" – Jackman

tag: ol

text: Soundtrack

text: The soundtrack album is produced by Greg Wells, Justin Paul, and Benj Pasek, featuring the eleven tracks performed by the cast. In the United Kingdom it became only the second album in 30 years to achieve 11 consecutive weeks at number 1.[24] The Greatest Showman now[when?] draws level with Adele's 21 for the longest unbroken run at the UK summit in the last 30 years. The cast album is now[when?] at 910,000 combined units, according to the Official Charts Company, made up of 420,000 physical copies, 186,000 downloads and 186,000 streaming.[25]

text: The Greatest Showman – Reimagined

text: It was announced that 20th Century Fox will be releasing a cover album entitled The Greatest Showman – Reimagined, featuring a variety of artists.[26] The album is scheduled for a November 16, 2018 release.[27]

text:
"The Greatest Show" – Panic! at the Disco
"A Million Dreams" – Pink
"A Million Dreams (Reprise)" – Willow Sage Hart
"Come Alive" – Years & Years and Jess Glynne
"The Other Side" – Max and Ty Dolla Sign
"Never Enough" – Kelly Clarkson
"This Is Me" (The Reimagined Remix) – Keala Settle, Kesha and Missy Elliott
"Rewrite the Stars" – James Arthur and Anne-Marie
"Tightrope" – Sara Bareilles
"From Now On" – Zac Brown Band

text: Bonus tracks:

text:
"The Greatest Show" – Pentatonix
"Come Alive" – Craig David
"This Is Me" – Kesha

text: Release

text: The Greatest Showman held its premiere on December 8, 2017, aboard the RMS Queen Mary 2, while it was docked in New York City. The film was then released in the United States on December 20, 2017.[28][29] Like Disney's live-action Beauty and the Beast, a sing-along version of the film was released in the United Kingdom on February 23, 2018.[30] The film had a limited IMAX release on February 2.

text: Marketing

text: On June 28, 2017, 20th Century Fox released the first international trailer to promote the film. On November 13, 2017, the second trailer was released.[31]

text: On December 17, 2017, Fox televised a live performance of "Come Alive" from Warner Bros. Studios during its live musical special A Christmas Story Live! (which was based on fellow Pasek and Paul work A Christmas Story: The Musical). The number featured the film's stars and a cast of 150 dancers.[32][33]

text: Home media

text: In the United States, the film was released via digital download on March 20, 2018, and was released on Blu-ray, DVD and 4K Ultra HD on April 10, 2018.[34] In the United Kingdom, the film was released first on digital download on April 27, 2018, while Blu-ray, 4K Ultra HD and DVD copies went on sale on May 14. These versions include the sing-along version, two hours of behind-the-scenes footage and music machine jukebox features.[35]

text: Reception

text: Box office

text: The Greatest Showman spent 219 days in release, closing on July 26, 2018, having grossed $174.3 million in the United States and Canada, and $260.7 million in other territories, for a worldwide total of $435 million, against a production budget of $84 million.[3] It is the third highest grossing musical ever in North America and globally, respectively, and Deadline Hollywood estimated the film would turn a profit between $50–100 million.[36]

text: In the United States and Canada, The Greatest Showman was released alongside Jumanji: Welcome to the Jungle, and was projected to gross around $21 million from 3,006 theaters over its first six days.[37][38] It took in $2 million on its first day and $2 million on its second. Over the three day weekend, it grossed $9 million (for a six-day total of $19 million), finishing fourth at the box office, behind Star Wars: The Last Jedi, Jumanji: Welcome to the Jungle and Pitch Perfect 3.[39] In its second weekend, the film grossed $15.5 million, again finishing 4th at the box office.[40] The weekend-to-weekend increase of 76.3% marked the largest ever for a film playing in over 3,000 theaters, and the fourth biggest ever.[41][42] In its third week, the film dropped 11% to $14 million.[43] The film made $13 million in its fourth weekend and $11 million in its fifth, finishing 4th and 5th at the box office, respectively.[44] The film continued to hold well in its sixth week of release, grossing $9.5 million and returning to 4th place,[45] and again finished fourth in its seventh week, this time grossing $7.8 million (a drop of just 18%).[46] It is the 13th highest-grossing film that never reached first place at the American box office.[47]

text: Critical response

text: On review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 56% based on 208 reviews, and an average rating of 6/10. The website's critical consensus reads, "The Greatest Showman tries hard to dazzle the audience with a Barnum-style sense of wonder – but at the expense of its complex subject's far more intriguing real-life story."[48] On Metacritic, the film has a weighted average score of 48 out of 100, based on 43 critics, indicating "mixed or average reviews".[49] Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "A" on an A+ to F scale, and it earned a 70% "definite recommend" from PostTrak.[39]

text: Owen Gleiberman of Variety gave the film a positive review, writing, "The Greatest Showman is a concoction, the kind of film where all the pieces click into place, yet at an hour and 45 minutes it flies by, and the link it draws between P.T. Barnum and the spirit of today is more than hype."[50] Richard Roeper of the Chicago Sun-Times gave the film 3/4 stars, saying, "With all that corn and cheese and old-timey sentiment, The Greatest Showman ends up scoring some very timely social arguments. P.T. Barnum himself would have approved the dramatic sleight of hand."[51] Steve Persall of Tampa Bay Times gave the film an 'A', and said, "The Greatest Showman is the feel-good movie the holiday season needs,"[52] while William Bibbiani of IGN gave The Greatest Showman a score of 7.9/10, and called the film, "wildly entertaining."[53]

text: Britton Peele of The Dallas Morning News said, "The story is interesting and the beats are well-acted, but it's the musical numbers that make The Greatest Showman."[54] Jackie K Cooper of HuffPost gave the film a score of 10/10 and wrote, "You will be overwhelmed by the music and magic that explode on the screen. The film has a message that should resonate with today's world concerning acceptance and courage."[55] Hugh Armitage of Digital Spy said, "The Greatest Showman is a broad and solid crowd-pleaser. An undemanding spectacle for all the family."[56] Alan Jones of Radio Times called it "A joyously uplifting potpourii of visual resplendence, stylish choreography and solid gold magic, one engineered to approximate the lavish spectacle the movie musical once offered."[57]

text: Sheila O'Malley of RogerEbert.com gave it 3.5/4, stating "The Greatest Showman is an unabashed piece of pure entertainment punctuated by memorable songs."[58] Douglas Davidson of CLTure called the film, "An undeniable spectacle with a infectious soundtrack, a movie that dazzles and delights."[59] James Berardinelli of ReelViews gave the film a 3/4 score, and said, "The film has show-stopping well-choreographed numbers with catchy tunes,"[60] and Calvin Wilson of St. Louis Post-Dispatch called the film "highly enjoyable."[61]

text: Carl Kozlowski of Pasadena Weekly gave the film an 'A', calling it "Groundbreaking & grandly innovative."[62] Sean P. Means of The Salt Lake Tribune gave The Greatest Showman 3.5/4 stars, stating, "A strong cast give emotional power to this romanticized, tune-filled biography."[63] Manuela Lazic of Little White Lies gave it 4/5, saying, "The Greatest Showman deserves to become a Christmas classic. The film's severe romanticism and ridiculous but affecting enthusiasm make it irresistibly life-affirming."[64] Pete Hammond of Deadline Hollywood gave the film 4 out of 5 stars and called it, "A fantasia of song and dance, a joyous exercise in pure entertainment that is made for the holiday crowd."[65]

text: Conversely, Mick LaSalle of the San Francisco Chronicle gave the film a negative review, criticizing the songs and characters and saying "There's idiotic, and there's magnificent, but The Greatest Showman is that special thing that happens sometimes. It's magnificently idiotic. It's an awful mess, but it's flashy. The temptation is to cover your face and watch it through your fingers, because it's so earnest and embarrassing and misguided – and yet it's well-made."[66] In a negative review for The Hollywood Reporter, David Rooney wrote "This ersatz portrait of American big-top tent impresario P.T. Barnum is all smoke and mirrors, no substance. It hammers pedestrian themes of family, friendship and inclusivity while neglecting the fundaments of character and story."[67]

text: Writing for Rolling Stone, Peter Travers gave the film 1.5 out of 4 stars, saying, "How do you cast a virtuoso Hugh Jackman as P.T. Barnum, spare no expense in production values, add a score by Oscar and Tony winners Benj Pasek and Justin Paul and still end up with the shrill blast of nothing that is The Greatest Showman? Ask first-time director Michael Gracey, who cut his teeth on commercials and music videos without ever mastering the crucial knack of building snippets of musical comedy and drama into a satisfying whole."[68] Justin Chang of the Los Angeles Times wrote that the film's failures "are rooted in something deeper: a dispiriting lack of faith in the audience's intelligence, and a dawning awareness of its own aesthetic hypocrisy. You've rarely seen a more straight-laced musical about the joys of letting your freak flag fly."[69]

text: Accolades

text:
Award

Date of ceremony

Category

Nominee(s)

Result

Ref(s)

AARP's Movies for Grownups Awards

February 5, 2018

Best Grownup Love Story

The Greatest Showman

Won

[70][71]

Academy Awards

March 4, 2018

Best Original Song

"This Is Me" – Benj Pasek and Justin Paul

Nominated

[72][73]

American Music Awards

October 9, 2018

Favorite Soundtrack

The Greatest Showman

Nominated

[74]

Casting Society of America

January 18, 2018

Big Budget – Comedy

Bernard Telsey, Tiffany Little Canfield, Rori Bergman and Patrick Goodwin

Won

[75]

Costume Designers Guild

February 20, 2018

Excellence in Period Film

Ellen Mirojnick

Nominated

[76]

Critics' Choice Movie Awards

January 11, 2018

Best Song

"This Is Me" – Benj Pasek and Justin Paul

Nominated

[77]

Dorian Awards

February 24, 2018

Campy Flick of the Year

The Greatest Showman

Nominated

[78][79]

Empire Awards

March 18, 2018

Best Costume Design

The Greatest Showman

Nominated

[80][81]

Best Make-up And Hairstyling

The Greatest Showman

Nominated

Georgia Film Critics Association

January 12, 2018

Best Original Song

"This Is Me" – Benj Pasek and Justin Paul

Nominated

[82]

Golden Globe Awards

January 7, 2018

Best Actor in a Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy

Hugh Jackman

Nominated

[83]

Best Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy

The Greatest Showman

Nominated

Best Original Song – Motion Picture

"This Is Me" – Benj Pasek and Justin Paul

Won

Golden Reel Awards

February 18, 2018

Outstanding Achievement in Sound Editing – Musical

Jen Monnar, Jim Harrison, Jeff Carson, Peter Myles and Sheri Ozeki

Won

[84]

Guild of Music Supervisors Awards

February 8, 2018

Best Music Supervision for Film: Budgeted Over 25 Million Dollars

Benj Pasek and Justin Paul

Nominated

[85]

Best Song/Recording Created for a Film

"This Is Me" – Benj Pasek and Justin Paul

Nominated

Heartland Film Festival

December 31, 2017

Truly Moving Picture Award

Michael Gracey

Won

[86]

Kids' Choice Awards

March 24, 2018

Favorite Movie

The Greatest Showman

Nominated

[87]

Favorite Movie Actress

Zendaya

Won

Make-Up Artists and Hair Stylists Guild

February 24, 2018

Feature Motion Picture: Best Period and/or Character Makeup

Nicki Ledermann, Tania Ribalow and Sunday Englis

Nominated

[88]

Saturn Awards

June 27, 2018

Best Action or Adventure Film

The Greatest Showman

Won

[89][90]

Best Costume Design

Ellen Mirojnick

Nominated

Best Music

John Debney and Joseph Trapanese

Nominated

Teen Choice Awards

August 12, 2018

Choice Breakout Movie Star

Keala Settle

Nominated

[91]

Choice Collaboration

"Rewrite the Stars" – Zac Efron and Zendaya

Won

Choice Drama Movie

The Greatest Showman

Won

Choice Drama Movie Actor

Zac Efron

Won

Hugh Jackman

Nominated

Choice Drama Movie Actress

Zendaya

Won

Choice Liplock

Zac Efron and Zendaya

Nominated

Choice Movie Ship

Zac Efron and Zendaya

Won

Choice Pop Song

"This Is Me" – Keala Settle

Nominated

text: Historical accuracy

text: Detailing the differences between the biography of Barnum, and the character portrayed in the film, Smithsonian magazine called the film "pretty humbug."  The magazine noted that one of the legacies ascribed to the real Barnum was his profiting from marketing racism to the masses, even though later in life he came to express some regrets.[92]


document_title: Adventures of Sonic the Hedgehog

question_text: who voiced sonic in the adventures of sonic the hedgehog

text: Adventures of Sonic the Hedgehog

text: Premise[edit]

text: The series follows the adventures of the titular character Sonic the Hedgehog and his sidekick Tails as they attempt to stop Dr. Robotnik and his array of robots from taking over the planet Mobius.

text: The plots often used elements loosely borrowed from the storyline of the Sonic video games series. Three of Robotnik's henchbots, Scratch, Grounder, and Coconuts, are directly based on badniks that appeared in Sonic the Hedgehog 2. The series also incorporated several recurring original characters not seen in the games, such as Robotnik's mother, Stinky the Badger, and Wes Weasley, a salesman and con-man, not dissimilar to Phil Silvers. The show's other characters largely consist of non-human creatures, such as anthropomorphic animals and robots.

text: Episodes of the show normally revolved around Sonic and Tails foiling Robotnik's latest villainous scheme to dominate the zany, colorful world of Planet Mobius. At the end of each episode, Dr. Robotnik's plan would ultimately fail due to Sonic's and Tails's efforts, his own incompetence, and/or the stupidity of his henchbots, after which he says, "I HATE THAT HEDGEHOG!"

text: The end of the show is bookended by an additional segment called "Sonic Says" (or "Sonic Sez", as Tails misspelled it on screen). This segment teaches viewers life lessons about subjects such as alcohol abuse and general safety. The segment was edited out during the original UK broadcasts.[citation needed]

text: Voice cast[edit]

text:
Jaleel White as Sonic the Hedgehog, Masonic and Mummified hedgehog
Christopher Stephen Welch as Miles "Tails" Prower
Long John Baldry as Dr. Robotnik and Robotnikhotep I
Phil Hayes as Scratch and Sergeant Doberman
Garry Chalk as Grounder, Professor Caninestein, Captain Rescue, Dragon Breath and Computer
Ian James Corlett as Coconuts, Wallace A. Ditso, Robotnik Jr, Sketch Lampoon and Goobster.

text: Additional cast[edit]

text:
Kathleen Barr as Katella, Momma Robotnik, Miss Sniffed, Lucinda and additional voices
Michael Benyaer
Jay Brazeau as Robot Santa, Santa Claus, Spelunk and additional voices
Jim Byrnes
Babz Chula
Jennifer Copping
Michael Donovan as Wes Weasley, Mad Mike and Gambler Sheep
Kyle Fairlie
Terry Klassen as Doctor Quark and additional voices
Wally Marsh
Scott McNeil as Machopper
Shane Meier
Jane Mortifee
Pauline Newstone
John Stocker
Jayleen Stonehouse as the Waitress (in Too Tall Tails)
Brad Swaile as Lucas and additional voices
John Tench
Venus Terzo as Breezie
French Tickner as Professor von Schlemmer, Big Griz and Doctor Warpnik
Lee Tockar
Louise Vallance as Miss Possum and Catty Carlisle
David Ward
Cathy Weseluck as Suzie, Robot, Rebot, Becky, Penelope, Cat and Parrot
Alec Willows
Dale Wilson

text: Production[edit]

text: Adventures of Sonic the Hedgehog was created by DiC Animation City and Sega of America, Inc., which produced a total of 65 episodes each for its one season, and was syndicated by Bohbot Entertainment, now BKN International (in the original run, every episode began and ended with the "Bohbot Entertainment Presents" logo), and the Italian Reteitalia S.p.A., part of Fininvest. The show's animation was outsourced to four animation studios: the Chinese Suzhou/Rainbow Animation (not the Italian Rainbow S.p.A.), the Taiwanese Hong Ying Animation, the Korean Sae Rom Production, and the Japanese Tokyo Movie Shinsha. Pierre DeCelles was Senior Animation Director in Asia, he described the show as "fun and humorous".[1]

text: Strangely, the episode "Attack on Pinball Fortress" incorporated sounds from Super Mario Bros. (which play when Sonic, Wes Weasley, and Sgt. Doberman are stuck in the pinball machine).[2] Mario sounds were also heard in "The Magic Hassle," when Robotnik types on his computer.[3]

text: Episodes[edit]

text:
No.
overall
No. in
season
Title
Written by
Original air date
Prod.
code

0
0
"Pilot"
Kent Butterworth
Unaired (produced in 1992) (Unaired (produced in 1992))
100

This is the pilot used to sell the show. There is hardly any talking from most of the characters, except Sonic. The voices of Dr. Robotnik and Scratch are provided by Jim Cummings, Tails is voiced by an uncredited actor, and Gary Owens plays the narrator. In one episode, Scratch and Grounder are watching the Sonic cartoon on TV. This is the episode they are watching. There is also no music or sound effects, with the exception of Tails screaming heard in the Sonic Sez segment.
Sonic Says segment: Looking before you cross the street

1
23
"Super Special Sonic Search & Smash Squad"
Bruce Shelly & Reed Shelly
September 6, 1993 (1993-09-06)
101

When Sonic and Tails are captured by Grounder and Scratch, Sonic tricks them into letting them escape by reminiscing about how they all met. Several badniks seen early on in this episode later resurfaced in Dr. Robotnik's Mean Bean Machine.
Sonic Says segment: Emergency calling

2
9
"Subterranean Sonic"
Robert Askin
September 7, 1993 (1993-09-07)
102

Sonic and Tails escape underground from Scratch and Grounder, but they are held captive there by a miserly mole named Spelunk.
Sonic Says segment: Sharing

3
8
"Lovesick Sonic"
Bruce Shelly & Reed Shelly
September 8, 1993 (1993-09-08)
103

When Sonic saves a female hedgehog named Breezie, he falls in love; Sonic does not know that Breezie is a robot Dr. Robotnik created to keep Sonic occupied while he floods a city near his fortress.
Sonic Says segment: Sexual harassment

4
17
"Slowwww Going"
Jack Hanrahan & Eleanor Burian-Mohr
September 9, 1993 (1993-09-09)
104

Sonic must save a family of sloths from Dr. Robotnik's slow-motion ray, but when he himself is slowed down by Scratch and Grounder, Tails and the sloth family must take action.
Sonic Says segment: Sloths

5
11
"High Stakes Sonic"
Robert Askin
September 10, 1993 (1993-09-10)
105

Sonic and Tails infiltrate Robotnik's new Casino Night Zone to stop him and his henchmen from scamming a group of sheep into becoming Robotnik's slaves.
Sonic Says segment: Dares

6
42
"Sonic Breakout"
Douglas Zip Purgason
September 13, 1993 (1993-09-13)
110

Robotnik imprisons a satirical cartoonist named Sketch Lampoon for making fun of him in his comic book, much to the anger of Sonic, his biggest fan. Sonic purposely allows his own capture as well, but does not expect to be placed in a maximum-security jail cell. With Robotnik angrily sends Sonic in the cell for interfering with his plans once again.
Sonic Says segment: Graffiti

7
20
"Trail of the Missing Tails"
Bob Forward
September 14, 1993 (1993-09-14)
109

Robotnik's insane cousin, Dr. Warpnik, captures Tails and lures Sonic into his Zone of Confusion in order to enact revenge on Robotnik for banishing him.
Sonic Says segment: Remembering your phone number

8
33
"Close Encounter of the Sonic Kind"
Douglas Zip Purgason
September 15, 1993 (1993-09-15)
134

Sonic and Tails help an alien prince fix his space shuttle to return to his home planet for coronation to become king, or else his younger brother will be crowned in his place and destroy Mobius.
Sonic Says segment: Sunburns

9
16
"Momma Robotnik's Birthday"
Francis Moss
September 16, 1993 (1993-09-16)
107

Robotnik's obnoxious mother visits her son on her birthday and expects a present. After he fails to destroy a nearby forest as a present, however, she decides to capture Sonic as her own gift.
Sonic Says segment: Trees

10
14
"Big Daddy"
Jess Borgeson
September 17, 1993 (1993-09-17)
106

After being exiled by Robotnik, Coconuts finds a lost baby gorilla who thinks he is his father. Coconuts attempts to use the gorilla to stop Sonic. The baby gorilla's father, meanwhile, is under the control of Robotnik, and Sonic has to save him.
Sonic Says segment: Telling parents where you're going
Notes: Pierre De Celles, an animation director, described "Big Daddy" as an episode he felt "really proud of," though he described the editing as "poor." He described the animation process as taking "4 times longer than usual" since the animator of the episode was deaf and mute; De Celles described his translator as "just great."[1]

11
55
"Sonic's Song"
Kevin Donahue & Donald P. Zappala
September 20, 1993 (1993-09-20)
112

Outraged by a popular song about Sonic, Robotnik outlaws music on Mobius and takes the song's composer captive with the intent of creating his own song.
Sonic Says segment: Hearing

12
3
"Birth of a Salesman"
Steven J. Fisher, Bruce Shelly & Reed Shelly
September 21, 1993 (1993-09-21)
111

An energetic salesman named Wes Weasley sells Robotnik numerous gadgets to help Scratch and Grounder capture Sonic. However, Robotnik later comes to regret it when Weaseley's gadgets keep backfiring.
Sonic Says segment: False advertising

13
1
"Best Hedgehog"
Martha Moran
September 22, 1993 (1993-09-22)
116

Sonic and Tails rescue Lucas, Robotnik's first prisoner, and attempt to reunite him with his girlfriend, Lucinda. However, Robotnik is also in love with Lucinda, and pursues Lucas.
Sonic Says segment: Reading

14
15
"The Robotnik Express"
Doug Booth
September 23, 1993 (1993-09-23)
117

En route to stop a train of explosives from arriving at Robotnik's munition factory, Sonic and Tails must deal with a duo of bears named Big Griz and Big Mike after Scratch and Grounder tell them that Sonic and Tails are the enemies.
Sonic Says segment: Strangers

15
22
"Too Tall Tails"
Rowby Goren
September 24, 1993 (1993-09-24)
115

Robotnik takes Professor Von Schlemmer hostage and uses his growth machine to try and enlarge himself. However, the machine backfires, and enlarges Tails instead in nearby Wienerville. Sonic must keep the famished Tails from getting into more danger as Robotnik tricks the citizens into thinking that Sonic is the villain, while Robotnik is the hero planning to save the city.
Sonic Says segment: Healthy diets

16
2
"Tails' New Home"
Bruce Shelly & Reed Shelly
September 27, 1993 (1993-09-27)
120

When Sonic decides to find Tails a suitable foster home to ensure his safety, Robotnik finds out and creates a robot fox family, who pose as Tails' long-lost parents.
Sonic Says segment: Running away

17
6
"Over the Hill Hero"
Francis Moss
September 28, 1993 (1993-09-28)
118

When overweight, elderly superhero Captain Rescue bungles in his attempts to help Sonic, he grows tired of his incompetence. Robotnik then uses Captain Rescue to successfully imprison Sonic in an impenetrable force field, and Tails and Captain Rescue must save him.
Sonic Says segment: Wisdom of elders

18
12
"Blank-Headed Eagle"
Dennis O'Flaherty
September 29, 1993 (1993-09-29)
113

Scratch suffers a blow to the head and believes that he is his favorite television character, Edgar Eagle. Sonic uses this to his advantage in preventing another of Robotnik's schemes.
Sonic Says segment: Seat belt safety

19
44
"The Mystery of the Missing Hi-tops"
Kevin Murphy & Ed Ferrara
September 30, 1993 (1993-09-30)
114

During a fair in his honor, Sonic's shoes are stolen, and he and Tails use detective intellect to try and solve the whodunit case.
Sonic Says segment: Stealing

20
18
"So Long Sucker"
Cydne Clark & Steve Granat
October 1, 1993 (1993-10-01)
122

Tails adopts a squishy creature from another dimension named Goobster, who turns out to be a black hole.
Sonic Says segment: Pets

21
32
"Sonic Gets Thrashed"
Cydne Clark & Steve Granat
October 4, 1993 (1993-10-04)
119

When Robotnik opens up a resort to make the resident Mobians his slaves, Sonic enlists the help of some robots from an area of Mobius called Scrap Valley.
Sonic Says segment: Rubbish

22
5
"Pseudo Sonic"
Cliff Macgillivray
October 5, 1993 (1993-10-05)
126

Robotnik creates a robot Sonic suit with the intent of ruining the hedgehog's reputation. He forces a lab rat named Laurence to pilot by threatening his parents.
Sonic Says segment: Poison ivy

23
10
"Grounder the Genius"
Doug Molitor
October 6, 1993 (1993-10-06)
121

Grounder accidentally puts a "genius chip" in his head, and it makes him so smart that he easily captures Sonic and even takes over Robotnik's operations.
Sonic Says segment: Using your brain

24
26
"Tails in Charge"
Martha Moran
October 7, 1993 (1993-10-07)
124

When Scratch and Grounder zap Sonic with Robotnik's new freeze ray, Tails uses intellect and disguise to foil the two henchmen and ensure Sonic's safety.
Sonic Says segment: Home safety

25
56
"Sno Problem"
Sandra Ryan
October 8, 1993 (1993-10-08)
125

Robotnik introduces the "Ultra Freeze-O-Matic", announcing his plan to freeze every citizen on Mobius so that he can install "Servitude Chips" into the frozen citizens and make them unquestionably obedient. Sonic and Tails must foil the scheme.
Sonic Says segment: Bicycle safety check

26
4
"Submerged Sonic"
Bob Forward
October 11, 1993 (1993-10-11)
123

Robotnik is after the Power Gems from the city of Submerbia in the Labyrinth Zone. Sonic and Tails are enlisted by a local citizen to stop Robotnik.
Sonic Says segment: Shallow water

27
13
"Boogey-Mania"
Rowby Goren
October 12, 1993 (1993-10-12)
129

Robotnik reprograms a machine created by Von Schlemmer capable of turning dreams into reality and unleashes a Nightmare Monster upon Mobius.
Sonic Says segment: Sleep

28
27
"Musta Been a Beautiful Baby"
Gordon Bressack
October 13, 1993 (1993-10-13)
130

Robotnik's attempt to turn Sonic into an old man with his newest device backfires, turning him and Tails, and later himself, into babies. Now stuck in a day-care, the infantile Sonic and Tails must try to keep Robotnik under control, while Scratch and Grounder attempt to get him back.
Sonic Says segment: Tumble dryers

29
35
"Robotnik, Jr."
Robert Askin
October 14, 1993 (1993-10-14)
127

Robotnik constructs a robot son in order to help him with his conquest of Mobius. Robotnik Jr., however, is inspired by Sonic, and helps him thwart his latest plan.
Sonic Says segment: Peer pressure

30
50
"Full Tilt Tails"
Robert Askin
October 15, 1993 (1993-10-15)
132

Robotnik makes chewing gum that makes the consumer as fast as Sonic. Robotnik gives it to Grounder, but he loses and Tails gets a hold of it.
Sonic Says segment: Smoking

31
48
"MacHopper"
Doug Booth
October 18, 1993 (1993-10-18)
128

Robotnik attempts to brainwash MacHopper, a friend of Sonic's, into doing his dirty deeds, but an explosion causes his memory to become unstable.
Sonic Says segment: Currents and riptides

32
21
"Momma Robotnik Returns"
Francis Moss
October 19, 1993 (1993-10-19)
136

Momma Robotnik visits her son, and after he fails once again, she disowns him and decides to adopt Sonic as her own son in order to capture him.
Sonic Says segment: Obeying laws and going to court

33
47
"Spaceman Sonic"
Bruce Shelly & Reed Shelly
October 20, 1993 (1993-10-20)
138

Robotnik sends Scratch and Grounder into space to pillage the asteroid belt, with Sonic and Tails in pursuit. When the spaceship runs out of power, they are stranded at an abandoned space station, pursued by a residing alien.
Sonic Says segment: Common colds

34
58
"Mad Mike, Da Bear Warrior"
Doug Booth
October 21, 1993 (1993-10-21)
131

Robotnik starves a village of rabbits into building a statue of himself. With help from Big Griz and Mad Mike, Sonic and Updike, one of the villagers, manage to infiltrate the statue.
Sonic Says segment: Medicine

35
30
"The Last Resort"
Gordon Bressack
October 22, 1993 (1993-10-22)
146

Robotnik seemingly announces his surrender to Sonic, and he invites him to a resort in his gratitude. Unbeknownst to Sonic, the resort is just another trap created by Robotnik.
Sonic Says segment: Walking alone

36
19
"Robotnik's Rival"
Gordon Bressack
October 25, 1993 (1993-10-25)
137

Robotnik and a rival named Quark Rex try to cooperate in capturing Sonic. However, Sonic tricks them into becoming enemies, and they try to outdo each other.
Sonic Says segment: Cheating

37
36
"The Magic Hassle"
Douglas Zip Purgason
October 26, 1993 (1993-10-26)
135

Coconuts acquires a magic wand and magical gadgets from Wes Weasley (after agreeing to forward all payments to Robotnik), and attempts to master them. Meanwhile, Robotnik tries to change Sonic-themed mobium banknotes into Robotnik banknotes in the Mobius Mint.
Sonic Says segment: Money

38
28
"Sonic the Matchmaker"
Robert Askin
October 27, 1993 (1993-10-27)
139

Robotnik pursues Breezie and Robotnik Jr. in order to find out why they betrayed him with the intent of building a perpetually loyal robot wife. In a subplot, Junior is in love with Breezie, and enlists Sonic's help in wooing her.
Sonic Says segment: Playground safety

39
34
"Tails Prevails"
Bob Forward
October 28, 1993 (1993-10-28)
133

On Sonic's birthday, Tails builds a flying bicycle. Realizing Tails' potential with mechanics, Professor Von Schlemmer invites Tails to be his research assistant, but then Robotnik captures and impersonates him to get Tails to build his latest anti-Sonic weapon.
Sonic Says segment: Boredom

40
25
"Zoobotnik"
Rowby Goren
October 29, 1993 (1993-10-29)
144

An intergalactic huntress captures various citizens of Mobius and falls in love with Robotnik during her visit.
Sonic Says segment: Wildlife

41
29
"Attack on the Pinball Fortress"
Bob Forward
November 1, 1993 (1993-11-01)
145

Robotnik has unleashed his "Stupidity Ray" on Mobius, knowing that the newly-stupefied Mobians will be too braindead to stop him. As Sonic and Tails make their way to Robotnik's new lair, the Pinball Fortress they find themselves competing with Wes Weasely and Sergeant Doberman, both of whom want to capture the Stupidity Ray for their own purposes.
Sonic Says segment: Stupidity

42
46
"Mass Transit Trouble"
Kevin Murphy & Ed Ferrera
November 2, 1993 (1993-11-02)
140

Robotnik threatens to demolish an airport, a lighthouse, and a train station. Sonic is forced to travel to all three places in order to remove the bombs.
Sonic Says segment: Bicycle safety
Notes: This episode ran for approximately a year and a half before the Oklahoma City bombing forced the episode's withdrawal from circulation. Later, as the incident died down, Toon Disney picked the episode up again, only to have it removed from circulation after about three years of airtime due to the September 11th attacks.

43
31
"Coachnik"
Doug Molitor
November 3, 1993 (1993-11-03)
142

Robotnik constructs a pushy robot coach in an attempt to increase Scratch and Grounder's fitness. This leaves Robotnik time to create a football-shaped bomb in order to destroy Sonic.
Sonic Says segment: Warming up

44
41
"Untouchable Sonic"
Dennis O'Flaherty
November 4, 1993 (1993-11-04)
143

Sonic comes to the rescue of a town that is held for ransom by Robotnik's crime syndicate. A few scenes from the pilot animation are integrated into this episode.
Sonic Says segment: Gangs

45
45
"Super Robotnik"
Rowby Goren
November 5, 1993 (1993-11-05)
152

A chemical accident caused by Coconuts ends up giving superpowers to Robotnik, who quickly uses them to threaten Mobius's world leaders and publicly humiliate Sonic. However, Robotnik isn't completely invincible, and Sonic must find a way to exploit the weak chink in Robotnik's newfound powers in an Olympics-style gladiator match.
Sonic Says segment: Chemicals

46
7
"Robolympics"
Jeffrey Scott
November 8, 1993 (1993-11-08)
108

An asteroid is heading for Turtle Town and Robotnik offers to save it, but only if Sonic agrees to play in the Robolympics against him and his robots.
Sonic Says segment: Being active

47
24
"Magnificent Sonic"
Jeffrey Scott
November 9, 1993 (1993-11-09)
141

Sonic becomes the sheriff of Tranquil Gulch, in hopes of keeping Robotnik's robots from harassing the locals.
Sonic Says segment: Gun safety
Notes: This episode was banned from Toon Disney airings due to the Columbine High School Massacre in 1999. Nowadays, this episode is no longer banned and continues to air on many TV networks.

48
37
"Black Bot the Pirate"
Jeffrey Scott
November 10, 1993 (1993-11-10)
148

Robotnik goes time-traveling to find four Chaos Emeralds that could make him all-powerful. His first stop is the time of Blackbeard the Pirate, where he enlists the pirate's help to find the Emerald of Invisibility. However, with help from a local scientist, Sonic and Tails go after him, and thwart his attempts to obtain the Emerald.
Sonic Says segment: Caution with sharp objects

49
38
"Hedgehog of the "Hound" Table"
Jeffrey Scott
November 11, 1993 (1993-11-11)
149

Robotnik's next stop is the time of King Arfur and the Knights of the Round Table to get the Emerald of Invincibility. Sonic and Tails follow him, but Robotnik, with the unwilling help of local wizard Merlynx, obtains the Emerald, and takes over the kingdom.
Sonic Says segment: Swimming alone

50
39
"Robotnik's Pyramid Scheme"
Jeffrey Scott
November 12, 1993 (1993-11-12)
150

Robotnik is erasing Sonic's family tree in order to get the Chaos Emerald of Immortality. Sonic and Tails go after him, prevent Robotnik from interfering with his ancestors' meeting, and then race to the crypt of Robotnik's ancestor Robotnikhotep, where the Emerald is kept.
Sonic Says segment: Skateboard safety

51
40
"Prehistoric Sonic"
Jeffrey Scott
November 15, 1993 (1993-11-15)
151

Despite the intervention of Sonic and Tails, Robotnik obtains the Chaos Emerald of life in prehistory and the other emeralds and becomes the Supreme High Robotnik. Sonic and Tails stop him by going back in time and teaming up with their past selves.
Sonic Says segment: Electrical appliance safety

52
49
"Baby-Sitter Jitters"
Jeffrey Scott
November 16, 1993 (1993-11-16)
147

Sonic and Tails babysit a trio of unruly baby beavers who end up being abducted by Scratch and Grounder. Robotnik uses the beavers as bait to capture Sonic and Tails, but the beavers become resourceful and help their friends thwart Robotnik.
Sonic Says segment: Babysitting

53
54
"Honey, I Shrunk the Hedgehog"
Jeffrey Scott
November 17, 1993 (1993-11-17)
153

Sonic, Tails, and a group of miners are hit by Robotnik's shrink ray and must work together to undo the effects.
Sonic Says segment: Recycling
Note: This episode is inspired by the Honey, I Shrunk the Kids Franchise.

54
59
"Robotnikland"
Jeffrey Scott
November 18, 1993 (1993-11-18)
154

Robotnik takes control of the local amusement park on Sonic's birthday and uses it to try to finish him off.
Sonic Says segment: Cooking

55
53
"The Mobius 5000"
Jeffrey Scott
November 19, 1993 (1993-11-19)
155

Sonic and Tails enter a car race in order to save an orphanage that Robotnik threatens to shut down.
Sonic Sez segment: Car safety

56
60
"The Little Merhog"
Jeffrey Scott
November 22, 1993 (1993-11-22)
156

Sonic and Tails help a mermaid hedgehog named Merna save her underwater city from the wrath of Captain John Paul Memo.
Sonic Says segment: Matches

57
52
"Road Hog"
Jeffrey Scott
November 23, 1993 (1993-11-23)
157

Sonic and Tails are arrested for speeding as a result of Robotnik having hypnotized the law through pollen.
Sonic Says segment: Calling for help

58
64
"The Robots' Robot"
Jess Borgeson
November 24, 1993 (1993-11-24)
159

Scratch and Grounder build a robot of their own who soon runs away and ends up befriending Sonic.
Sonic Says segment: Fire

59
63
"Tails' Tale"
Bruce Shelly & Reed Shelly
November 25, 1993 (1993-11-25)
160

When Sonic mysteriously vanishes, Tails, Professor Von Schlemmer, and a pilot named William le Due search for him in the Pyramid of Kommamachs.
Sonic Says segment: Computers

60
65
"Hero of the Year"
Bruce Shelly & Reed Shelly
November 26, 1993 (1993-11-26)
165

Wes Weasley pretends to host a roast (actually a clip show) to Sonic that Robotnik uses to force his surrender.
Sonic Says segment: Alcohol

61
62
"Fast and Easy"
Bruce Shelly & Reed Shelly
November 29, 1993 (1993-11-29)
161

A pickpocket named Easy Eddie picks at Robotnik's Chaos Emerald ring, much to his anger. Sonic must keep Easy Eddie hidden so that he can discard the ring.
Sonic Says segment: Breakfast

62
51
"Lifestyles of the Sick and Twisted"
Kevin O'Donnell
November 30, 1993 (1993-11-30)
158

When Throbbin Screechpicks features Sonic on his talk show, Lifestyles of the Very Good, Robotnik kidnaps his unnamed niece in order to be featured on the show.
Sonic Says segment: Vandalism

63
57
"Sonic Is Running"
Doug Molitor
December 1, 1993 (1993-12-01)
162

When Momma Robotnik threatens her son into campaigning for the Mobius presidency, Sonic decides to run against him.
Sonic Says segment: Tooth pain

64
61
"Robo-Ninjas"
Francis Moss
December 2, 1993 (1993-12-02)
163

Robotnik captures Kwai Chang Crane, a martial arts master, and uses him to turn Scratch and Grounder into effective ninja to defeat Sonic.
Sonic Says segment: Road safety

65
43
"Sonically Ever After"
Gordon Bressack
December 3, 1993 (1993-12-03)
164

Scratch and Grounder use a ray gun Robotnik invented to transport Sonic, Tails and Robotnik into a book of fairy tales. When some of the fairy tales come to life under Robotnik's control, Sonic and Tails have to try to give them happy endings to stop Robotnik.
Sonic Says segment: Library
Note: This was originally the final episode until 1996, when the Sonic Christmas Blast special premiered.

text: Special[edit]

text:
No. in
season
Title
Written by
Original air date
Prod.
code

S1
"Sonic Christmas Blast"
Bruce Shelly & Reed Shelly
November 24, 1996 (1996-11-24)
S01

Robotnik disguises himself as Santa Claus in order to force him into retirement and con the children out of presents during Christmas. During a visit to Robotropolis, Sonic and Tails rescue the real Santa Claus, who presents Sonic with a speed run test due to a ring Sally Acorn gave him as a gift serving as a key.
Oddly, this special includes aspects of the Saturday morning Sonic TV show, such as Robotropolis and SWATbots (neither of which appear as they did in that series) and Sally Acorn (who appears in her regular design but with her pilot episode color palette). Said series had aired concurrently with the original run of "Adventures", but in a different time slot, and had stopped producing new episodes by the time "Christmas Blast" premiered. Despite this, the special maintains the humorous tone of "Adventures" rather than the darker one of the Saturday morning series.
Trivia: The letters page of issue #41 of the Sonic the Hedgehog comic book promotes the special as "An X-Tremely Sonic Christmas" as this episode was originally going to be a tie in for Sonic X-treme on Sega Saturn. However, the game was cancelled, and the title was changed to tie in with Sonic 3D Blast instead.

text: Broadcast and distribution[edit]

text: First-run broadcast[edit]

text: The series was shown through syndication in the United States in 1993 on weekday afternoon and ran until December 1996. In the United Kingdom, the series was screened on Channel 4 in 1993 on Sunday mornings at 9:00, but with the "Sonic Says" segments edited out. They were also edited out on the UK VHS releases of the series. The weekday mornings airings in Australia on Seven Network as part of Agro's Cartoon Connection retained the segments. The cartoon was broadcast in the Republic of Ireland on RTÉ Two in 1993 on weekday afternoons.[4]

text: Rebroadcast[edit]

text: USA Network re-aired the original episodes of the show in the United States from 1994 to 1996, before Toon Disney picked the show up in 1998 for a four-year run. This TV subsequently aired the first 13 episodes of the show from 2010 to 2011. Netflix, however, put the first 20 episodes on there.

text: In the UK, Channel 4 and POP! (2003–2010, 2013–present) re-aired the show with the "Sonic Says" segments restored. The show was re-aired on in Australia Saturday mornings on Network Ten as part of Cheez TV from 1993 to 1999, Nick Jr. from 1995 to 2001 and 2014–present and Disney Channel from 1996 to 2002 and 2014–present Sweden rebroadcast the show on TV3, while RTL4 did the same in The Netherlands. Germany also rebroadcast the show on RTL II. KidsCo subsequently acquired the rebroadcast rights for several regions, including the UK, Australia and Portugal. Spacetoon started rebroadcasting the show for the Arab world in 2005. In Brazil, the show aired on January 1996, on Rede Globo on the block Colossus TV. Only the first twenty-two of the sixty five episodes aired in Brazilian Portuguese, as well as the Christmas special.

text: UK VHS releases[edit]

text:
Abbey Home Media (1993–1994)
4 Front Video (1997)

text:
VHS Title
Release Date
Episodes

Adventures of Sonic the Hedgehog Volume 1
1993
The Super Special Sonic Search and Smash Squad!, Subterranean Sonic, Lovesick Sonic

Adventures of Sonic the Hedgehog Volume 2
1994
Best Hedgehog, The Robotnik Express, The Birth of the Salesman, Slow Going

Adventures of Sonic the Hedgehog Volume 3
1994
Too Tall Tails, Big Daddy, Tails New Home

Adventures of Sonic the Hedgehog Volume 4
1994
Close Encounters of a Sonic Kind, Sno Problem, Tails in Charge, Grounder the Genius

Adventures of Sonic the Hedgehog Volume 5
1994
Blackbot the Pirate, Hedgehog of the Hound Table, Robotnik's Pyramid Scheme, Prehistoric Sonic, Trail of the Missing Tails

Adventures of Sonic the Hedgehog Volume 6
1994
Honey, I Shrunk the Hedgehog, The Mobius 5,000, Spaceman Sonic

The Adventures Of Sonic The Hedgehog - Sonic Breakout
1994
Sonic Breakout

The Adventures of Sonic the Hedgehog - The Biggest Ever Video
1994
Road Hog, Robolympics, The Little Merhog, The Birth of a Salesman, Robotnik's Rival, Tails' New Home, Love Sick Sonic, Sonically Ever After, Hero of the Year

The Adventures of Sonic the Hedgehog - Momma Robotnik's Birthday
1994
Momma Robotnik's Birthday, Grounder the Genius

The Adventures of Sonic the Hedgehog - High Stakes Sonic & Sonic Breakout
1997
High Stakes Sonic, Sonic Breakout

text: DVD releases[edit]

text: Shout! Factory and Vivendi Entertainment have released all 65 episodes of Adventures of Sonic the Hedgehog on DVD in Region 1 in three volume sets. Numerous single disc releases were released containing a handful of episodes based on a specific theme. They were produced by NCircle Entertainment and were sold at stores such as Sears, Target, and Toys "R" Us.[citation needed]

text: The first volume, released on July 17, 2007, features the first 22 episodes along with two featurettes: "A Conversation With Artist Milton Knight" and "How to Draw Sonic the Hedgehog".

text: The second volume was released on December 9, 2008, and features episodes 23–44 with the featurette "How to Draw Dr. Robotnik". The third volume contains the final 21 episodes of the series, plus the "Sonic Christmas Blast" special and the featurette "How to Draw Tails". These episodes were not compiled in the correct airdate order in the final volume.

text: These sets were discontinued in 2012 along with Sonic the Hedgehog after Shout!'s deal with Cookie Jar Entertainment expired.

text: In Region 2, Delta Home Entertainment released Adventures of Sonic the Hedgehog: The Complete Series on DVD in the UK on June 11, 2007.[5]

text: Reception[edit]

text: The show met with mixed reviews. Randy Miller III of DVDTalk said, "While it's obvious that The Adventures of Sonic the Hedgehog [sic] won't ever be mentioned in the same sentence with Disney, Pixar or Studio Ghibli (except for this one), there's enough goofy fun here to entertain any resident of the 16-bit gaming era."[6] Michael Rubino of DVD Verdict criticized the show for being dated, contrived, and bloated with chili dog jokes.[7] Emily Ashby of Common Sense Media gave the series an overall rating of 3/5 and noted that while the show's pace is "frantic", "the series emphasizes positive themes for kids about personal safety and interpersonal relationships."[8]