document_title: Aerobics

question_text: who coined the term aerobics and in what year

text: Aerobics

text: History[edit]

text: Both the term and the specific exercise method were developed by Dr. Kenneth H. Cooper, an exercise physiologist, and Col. Pauline Potts, a physical therapist, both of the United States Air Force. Dr. Cooper, an avowed exercise enthusiast, was personally and professionally puzzled about why some people with excellent muscular strength were still prone to poor performance at tasks such as long-distance running, swimming, and bicycling. He began measuring systematic human performance using a bicycle ergometer, and began measuring sustained performance in terms of a person's ability to use oxygen. In 1968, he published Aerobics, which included exercise programs using running, walking, swimming and bicycling. The book came at a time when increasing weakness and inactivity in the general population was causing a perceived need for increased exercise.

text: Aerobics gained worldwide popularity after the release of Jane Fonda's exercise videos in 1982.

text: Step aerobics[edit]

text: Step aerobics is a form of aerobic exercise using of an elevated platform (the step). The height can be tailored to individual needs by inserting risers under the step. Step aerobics classes are offered at many gyms and fitness centers which have a group exercise program.

text: Step aerobics was developed by Gin Miller around 1989[citation needed]. After a knee injury, Gin consulted with an orthopedic doctor, who recommended she strengthen the muscles supporting the knee by stepping up and down on a milk crate and from this she developed the step regimen.

text: Step aerobics can also be involved in dancing games, such as Dance Dance Revolution or In the Groove.

text: Moves and techniques[edit]

text: Often moves are referred to as Reebok step moves in reference to one of the first makers of the plastic step commonly used in gyms.

text: The "basic" step involves stepping one foot first on the step then the other on top of the platform then stepping the first foot back on the floor with the second following. A "right basic" would involve stepping right foot up, then the left, then returning to the floor alternating right then left.

text: Many instructors of step will switch immediately between different moves, for example between a right basic and a left basic without any intervening moves, forcing people to "tap" their foot instead of shifting weight. However, one form of step is called tap-free or smooth step in which feet always alternate without the ambiguous "taps" that can make learning step difficult for beginners. This requires a bit of foresight and planning by the instructor in order to insert a transitional or switching move that maintains the natural alternating weight shift akin to walking. For example, from a series of right basics one may insert a "knee up" (which involves stepping up and lifting the knee and returning the lifted leg to the ground, thereby switching feet) and then continuing to a left basic. However, this requires planning and the extra beats required for the transitional move.

text: Common moves include:

text:
Basic Step
Corner knee (or corner kick)
Repeater knee (aka Triple knee)
T-Step
Over-the-Top
Lunges
V-Step
Straddle Down
L-Step
Split Step
I-Step

tag: ul

text: Choreography[edit]

text: Many instructors will prepare a set of moves that will be executed together to form the choreography of the class. Usually, the choreography will be timed to 32 beats in a set, ideally switching legs so that the set can be repeated in a mirrored fashion. A set may consist of many different moves and the different moves may have different durations. For example, a basic step as described above takes 4 beats (for the 4 steps the person takes). Similarly, the "knee up" move also takes 4 beats. Another common move, the repeater knee, is an 8-beat move.

text: Classes vary in the level of choreography. Basic level classes will tend to have a series of relatively basic moves strung together into a sequence. More advanced classes incorporate dance elements such as turns, mambos, and stomps. These elements are put together into 2–3 routines in each class. One learns the routines during the class and then all are performed at the end of the class. Regardless of the complexity of the choreography, most instructors offer various options for different levels of intensity/dance ability while teaching the routines.

text: Freestyle aerobics[edit]

text: Freestyle aerobics is an aerobics style in which a group instructor choreographs several short dance combinations and teaches them to the class. This is usually achieved by teaching the class 1-2 movements at a time and repeating the movements until the class is able to join the whole choreography together. Aerobic music is used throughout the class. This is sometimes followed by a strength section which uses body weight exercises to strengthen muscles and a stretch routine to cool down and improve flexibility. Classes are usually 30–60 minutes in length and may include the use of equipment such as a barbell, aerobic step, or small weights.

text: In freestyle aerobics, the instructor choreographs the routine and adjusts it to the needs and wants of her/his class. There is often no difference between base movements in freestyle and pre-choreographed programs.

text: It is practiced to improve aerobic fitness, flexibility and strength.

text: Aerobic gymnastics[edit]

text: Aerobic gymnastics, also known as sport aerobics and competitive aerobics, may combine complicated choreography, rhythmic and acrobatic gymnastics with elements of aerobics.[1] Performance is divided into categories by age, sex and groups (individual, mixed pairs and trios) and are judged on the following elements: dynamic and static strength, jumps and leaps, kicks, balance and flexibility. Ten exercises are mandatory: four consecutive high leg kicks, patterns. A maximum of ten elements from following families are allowed: push-ups, supports and balances, kicks and splits, jumps and leaps. Elements of tumbling such as handsprings, handstands, back flips, and aerial somersaults are prohibited. Scoring is by judging of artistic quality, creativity, execution, and difficulty of routines. Sport aerobics has state, national, and international competitions, but is not an olympic sport.

text: Benefits[edit]

text: Like other forms of exercise, step aerobics helps burn calories and fat. The number of calories burned depends on the speed of movements, step height, length of exercise, and the persons height and weight.


document_title: April Kepner

question_text: who did april kepner lose her virginity to

root

text: April Kepner

text: Storylines[edit]

text:
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tag: table

text: April Kepner was born in Columbus, Ohio on April 23, 1982.[8] Her mother Karen is a teacher and her father Joe is a farmer. She is the second of four daughters; her sisters are Libby, Kimmie, and Alice. Kepner is initially a surgical resident at Mercy West Hospital. She joins the staff at Seattle Grace Mercy West after the merger of the two hospitals, alongside Jackson Avery (Jesse Williams), Reed Adamson (Nora Zehetner), and Charles Percy (Robert Baker). Kepner is first shown to possess a red diary, in which she writes all her feelings and thoughts which is stolen by Lexie Grey (Chyler Leigh). Grey uses the personal information written in the notebook to unnerve and blackmail Kepner but later apologizes. After she made a mistake that led to a patient's death, she is fired. However, Derek Shepherd (Patrick Dempsey) rehires her when he becomes the new Chief of Surgery. As she is not confident anymore, she spends her time doing errands for Shepherd and develops a crush on him, earning her the nickname "Shepherd's flunky". In the season six finale, she discovers the body of her best friend Reed Adamson, who has been shot. She later runs into the shooter, Gary Clark, who lets her go after she tells him about her life after remembering a technique she says she learned from Oprah. Following the shooting, Kepner and Avery move into Meredith Grey's (Ellen Pompeo) house.

tag: p

text: Kepner reveals that she is a virgin because she is a Christian and made a promise to God to stay a virgin until she was married, she also states that she thinks men find her annoying after yelling at Alex, Meredith, Lexie and Jackson about secrets, she claims that the fact that she is a 28 year old virgin is not a drinks conversation. She shows potential as a trauma surgeon during a trauma drill. She develops feelings for Alex Karev (Justin Chambers) who almost makes her lose her virginity. When Avery, now her best friend finds out about this, he assaults Karev. Later, Kepner agrees to go on a date with Robert Stark, believing him to have a good side. Her fellow residents make fun of her which prompts her to break up with him. April also impresses Owen Hunt (Kevin McKidd) and she is ultimately granted the position of Chief Resident in the season seven finale. Kepner initially struggles with her new status as her fellow doctors do not listen to her and do not take her seriously.

text: As the end of the fifth year of residency is near, the surgical residents, including Kepner, prepare for their boards exams for the different fellowships they plan on joining. The night before taking the exam, April loses her virginity to Avery. This causes her to re-evaluate her faith during her Boards Exams, making the examiners feel uncomfortable. It is revealed that she is the only one out of the residents to have failed her Boards Exams. She receives phone calls from other hospital retracting their offers of fellowships and is laid off from Seattle Grace. Although Avery has true feelings for her, she pushes him away because she believes that he feels guilty for having sex with her. As a celebration of the conclusion of their residencies, the former chief of surgery Richard Webber (James Pickens, Jr.) organizes his annual dinner for them. The eighth season ends with Kepner, Avery, Karev and Webber waiting for Meredith and Yang, who are victims of an aviation accident.

text: Months later, Hunt goes to visit April, who had moved back to her parents' farm in Moline, Ohio. In the wake of the tragic aviation accident, he offers her an attending position at the hospital. When she gets back to Seattle Grace, she resumes her sexual relationship with Avery, despite claiming she wants to re-virginise. April has a pregnancy scare and Jackson promises that he will be there every step of the way, even marry her, if she tests positive. When April finds out that she is not pregnant, she is overjoyed, but inadvertently hurts Jackson's feelings by saying that they dodged a bullet, seemingly thrilled that they don't have to get married anymore. Jackson breaks up with April.

text: April suggests to Jackson that they each take a date to Bailey's wedding in an attempt to move on. Jackson takes intern Stephanie; the two bond and eventually have sex. When Jackson tells April that he is sleeping with somebody else, she is visibly crushed and tells him that they can't be friends again until she has gotten over him. In the next episode, a very attractive paramedic named Matthew (Justin Bruening) asks April out for coffee and they start seeing each other. Shortly afterwards she turns to Jackson for dating advice and it is hinted that Jackson is still in love with her when he shows signs of jealousy but Jackson overcomes his jealousy and they then re-establish their friendship. She confesses to Matthew that she is not a virgin anymore as she led him to believe and he breaks up with her because she lied to him. However, in the next episode, Matthew forgives April and they get back together. He asks her to marry him through a flash mob and she says yes. In the season 9 finale, April thinks she lost Jackson when a bus blew up and tells him she loves him, but he only has a few injuries. She remains engaged to Matthew while Jackson dates Stephanie. At the wedding, Jackson realizes he still loves April and stands up professing his love. Jackson and April are seen driving off together at the start of the following episode and later it is revealed that they have secretly eloped.

text: At first April and Jackson do not tell their friends about their marriage, but later they do because of a new rule at the hospital. Catherine Avery is not at all happy about her son's elopement with April, and the fact that there wasn't a prenuptial agreement. They soon make up after April signs a postnuptial agreement. Jackson and April soon hit a rough patch when they realize that they have different views in the way their children should be raised religious. Not long after their fight, April realizes she is pregnant. April and Jackson's baby is diagnosed during pregnancy with Osteogenesis Imperfecta type 2, and learn that the baby will not survive long after birth. Jackson believes that termination is the best option, however April would rather give birth to the baby knowing it will not live very long. They scheduled an induction for the next day, at the beginning of the appointment they are asked to sign their baby's death certificate, which is too hard for the couple to bear. April doesn't sign the papers and returns to work the same day praying for a miracle, while at work she has a heart to heart with a lady who lost her fiancé the night before. They decide to give birth to the baby via induction at 24 weeks gestation having it baptized right then. She gave birth to Samuel Norbert Avery, and he died a few hours after birth. In the following weeks after Samuel's death, April and Jackson find it hard to be around each other and be intimate with one another. After April tries to seduce Jackson in a supply closet, Jackson asks if she is sure she wants this so soon after the death of their son, leaving April to storm out in anger. In the series 11 finale April decides to join Owen Hunt for 3 months as a trauma surgeon with the army; this not being well received by Jackson. But after April states she needs this in order to grieve Samuel - Jackson lets her leave. Over the following months April lengthens her stay in the army, this having a strain on her and Jackson's marriage as Jackson can rarely get a hold of her or talk to her over the phone. On Christmas Day after already being away for some time, April announces to Jackson while on video chat that she is staying for a longer service period, Jackson becomes angry with April but the conversation is cut short by sounds of gunfire and explosions from April's base camp, leaving her to terminate the call; meanwhile Jackson is unsure whether his wife is hurt or if she is ever coming home. On Valentine's Day April returns to the hospital surprising Jackson, and they embrace in the foyer.

text: In Season 12, April and Jackson go through divorce proceedings started by Jackson. The morning before they sign the divorce papers, April discovers that she is expecting a second baby. She does not inform Jackson, and he is told by Arizona Robbins, which leads to additional tension. After Catherine Avery convinces Jackson to fight for full custody of his unborn child, April takes out a restraining order against him. The Averys' lawyer asks for all documentation of their marriage, when reading through their wedding vows, Jackson realizes that they should fix the situation for their child. He and April decide to raise their son or daughter together as friends. Complications arise when April's water breaks and when rushed to the hospital, she appears to be in critical condition; however she survives the delivery (via c-section) and she and Jackson are shown their new daughter.

text: Development[edit]

text: Casting and creation[edit]

text:
"I think it's a really fun character and, of course, getting to be on that show is wonderful and exciting for any actress in Hollywood."

Drew on her role in Grey's Anatomy.[2]

tag: div

text: Drew was cast in late September 2009 and first appeared on the show in the fifth episode of the sixth season as one of the residents from the Mercy West Hospital after its merger with Seattle Grace.[2] Drew was brought aboard Grey's Anatomy after former collaborations with the Series' producer and creator Shonda Rhimes;[3] she was formally featured as a guest in two episodes of Private Practice in 2008 and was one of the main cast in Rhimes television pilot Inside the Box (2009) which was eventually not picked up by ABC.[3] Her casting came after the absence of some of the central cast members, notably Katherine Heigl departure after her maternity leave and Ellen Pompeo's absence due to pregnancy.[2][3]

text: Drew was originally contracted to guest star in a multi-episodes story arc where her character would be eventually fired from the series after two episodes.[3] She explained: "I came on to the show and I was told from day one that I was only going to be there for two episodes. I did not expect anything beyond that. The morning my firing episode aired, my agent got a call that they were talking about a contract and I was just completely floored."[3] However she was promoted to a series regular on June 9, 2010 for the seventh season of the show.[9] Rhimes said in the wake of the news: "Kepner has really been folded into the group" of Grey's Anatomy adding "It'll depend on what the studio and the network decide to do with those actors, but I fully advocate to have [the characters]".[10] Drew received the call for her promotion the morning after the sixth episode of season six was telecast on October 29, 2009. She described the call as a "totally happy surprise".[11]

text: Characterization[edit]

text: "I love the idea that there's this person that everybody kind of hates, yet they all have to deal with, [and even] lean on. She is one of them, even though they find her terribly annoying, and I think that that's sort of charming."[12]

text: Drew's character has been called intelligent, hardworking, thorough and determined by Grey's Anatomy executives.[13] But she is also considered vulnerable, insecure, sensitive and overly eager by her colleagues.[13] Of the character, Drew said: "April is a very, very good doctor. She really knows what she's doing, she's worked really hard, and she certainly wants to do her best and stick around."[2] but also described her as "annoying", "neurotic" and "really insecure".[14] In the eighth season, April's position as chief resident and her struggle to get a handle on her fellow residents formed the central arc of her storyline. Rhimes explained: "Watching April try to be in charge of Cristina and Alex and Jackson is a pretty impossible task, and it’s made for comedy, it’s one of the funniest things we’re working on this season."[15] One of Kepner's central characteristics is her religious belief, notably her chastity and her instance on saving herself for someone she truly loves.[16] In an interview, Drew assessed that: There certainly has never been a 28-year-old virgin on Grey’s. I don’t even think there’s been a 28-year-old virgin on television. Unless it’s someone who is sort of a recluse. A normal, smart, doctor….pretty, healthy…that in and of itself is really fascinating, and really interesting, and totally different. It’s neat to see someone who is just totally clueless in that area. Everyone else [On Grey' Anatomy] seems like they know exactly what they’re doing. April is totally, totally clueless. Shonda told one of the directors, there are virgins that have sort of done everything else. But not April. April’s really pretty much done nothing. She’s completely untouched."[17]

text: Relationships[edit]

text: Kepner entertained several relationships throughout her time on Grey's Anatomy. In her early appearances, she is introduced as the best friend and roommate of her fellow Mercy West resident, Reed Adamson. In the season six finale, when Reed is tragically murdered by Gary Clark during the shooting, April is the first to find her when she trips over her dead body. In season seven April forms a friendship with Meredith Grey and she eventually moves into her house. Ellen Pompeo offered regarding their bond: "Meredith will accept April in order to get the audience to accept her,"[18] and Drew further explained: "She’s being plugged into the community. Meredith has really taken her under her wing, is really looking out for her. Having Meredith come around to April helps the audience come around to April."[17]

text: She first develops a crush on Derek Shepherd in season six. Carina MacKenzie from The Los Angeles Times called it "ridiculous" and added: "April is drooling all over Chief McDreamy. Vomit. (...) She's been reduced to a 12-year-old with hearts in her eyes and a painful inability to be subtle."[7] Drew herself was skeptical about it, saying: "The biggest thing that people did not like about my character was they thought I was a threat for the Mer/Der relationship, which I kind of found was super ridiculous (...) I never saw it as anything that would ever transpire into something that might threaten them. I only saw it as a really pathetic little crush."[17] She briefly has feelings for Alex Karev who almost makes her lose her virginity when he tries to sleep with her in Something's Gotta Give. Wetpaint commented that he made her feel "worthless and unwanted when she was at her most vulnerable."[19] Kepner also briefly dates Dr. Robert Stark, a senior pediatric surgical attending. After her fellow residents make fun of her, she breaks up with him, creating a coldness between them. However, it is Stark who recommends her as chief resident to Dr. Hunt. Drew stated: “She sees a side to Dr. Stark that he doesn’t show to anyone else at the hospital, and she finds that part endearing...I think they enjoy the companionship.”[20]

text: In the end of season eight, Kepner embarks on a relationship with her best friend turned lover Jackson Avery (Williams), who she loses her virginity to and that eventually leads her to reflect on her faith and fail her boards.[21] Critics praised the chemistry between April and Jackon.[22] Rhimes commented on the dynamic between the two in season nine and said: “I think it’s going to be funny, sexy, and good.”[23]

text: Reception[edit]

text: The character received mixed reviews from critics and fans alike. Initially, Carina MacKenzie of the Los Angeles Times highly praised the characterization of Kepner. writing: "One of my favorite Mercy Westers is intern April (Sarah Drew). Her saccharine-sweet attitude and wide-eyed insincerity were hilarious, as was her super-mysterious hot pink notebook full of morale-boosting platitudes."[7] However, she criticized the later development of her story, especially her crush on Derek Shepherd calling it "vomit"[24] PopSugar noted similarities between Kepner and Lexie Grey, stating: "Am I the only one who thinks the new doctor is kind of like Lexie 2.0? Their dynamic reminded me of when Lexie first started and tries really hard to make nice with Mere, but gets the cold shoulder in return."[25] Mariella Mosthof from Wetpaint stated: "Despite her obnoxious yet well-meaning tendencies, we briefly flirted with the idea of liking April's character last season, and it looks like there's plenty of opportunity for her to come back and charm us again yet again this time around." Reviewing the first part of the eight season, Courtney Morrison of TV Fanatic wrote: "Although the girl has grown in terms of likeability, her downfalls still outweigh the positives. She doesn't really bring too much to the table. She wasn't the best choice for Chief Resident; she doesn't seem to be on the same level surgical wise and she hasn't carried a story on her own that makes us care about her."[26]

text: Kepner was included in TV Guide's list of The Most Loathed TV Characters, adding: "The extremely neurotic April (she makes Liz Lemon look laid back) has slowly made strides with fans thanks to her personal setbacks — she lost her treasured virginity to her best friend and failed her boards — but she still has a long way to go."[6] Entertainment Weekly also named her one of the "21 Most Annoying TV Characters Ever", commenting: "April's lightened up a little this season [season 9], but a few episodes of sympathetic behavior can't erase the painful memories of Seattle Grace-Mercy West's most irritating doctor being."[27] TV Fanatic included her in their list of Worst Character on TV. Christina Tran commented: "Could she be any more annoying?!?"[28] Drew stated that it was initially "hard" for her as an actress to play an unpopular character but deemed her "interesting" and when she was informed by the writers that her character would get Dr. Shepherd (Dempsey) shot in the season six finale, her reaction was: "Oh, come on, guys, really? They already hate my character, now they're going to hate her even more!"[14]

text: Critics reception gradually changed positively. Entertainment Weekly noted: "April was chirpy, irritating, and immature, and her crush on Derek didn't endear her to us either. But these days, we say hooray for April; since Meredith declared that the two of them are pals, April's become a lot more tolerable, instead of being Lexie 2.0."[29] Courtney Morrison of TVFanatic wrote: "April has grown since her character was introduced. She’s no longer much less annoying than she used to be, and she’s honest. A girl with principles is a girl you want to do well." and described her and Avery as "a couple for whom viewers can root".[30] The Hollywood Reporter also remarked: "It's nice to see April with a bit of a backbone and putting Alex in his place as the newfound confidence suits her well."[31]


document_title: List of Disney's Beauty and the Beast characters

question_text: who played plummet in beauty and the beast

question_tokens: who played plummet in beauty and the beast

text: List of Disney's Beauty and the Beast characters

text: Introduced in Beauty and the Beast

text: Belle

text: Beast

text: Gaston

text: Maurice

text:
Maurice

First appearance
Beauty and the Beast (1991)

Portrayed by
Eric Keenleyside (Once Upon a Time)
Kevin Kline (live-action film)

Voiced by
Rex Everhart

text: Maurice is the village inventor and Belle's father. However, most of the villagers think he is insane for crafting devices believed ridiculous and impossible to construct in reality.

text: During the beginning of the movie, he is working on a machine that automatically chops up firewood. Once it is successfully working, he leaves for the County Fair to display his invention. However, he is unable to make it to the fair due to getting lost in the woods. After going down a path that results in the loss of his horse and cart, and being attacked and nearly killed by a pack of rabid wolves, he winds up at the gate of a dark castle. When he enters the castle to stay for the night, he ends up being locked up by the Beast, the castle's master.

text: Belle learns of what happened and goes to the castle, attempting to release her father. She then tries to convince the Beast to release him from the castle. She succeeds in convincing the Beast to release him, under the condition that she is to take her father's place, to Maurice's protests. Maurice is forcibly taken back to the village.

text: Upon returning to the village, Maurice tries to seek the villagers' help in trying to rescue Belle, but they don't believe him, and they consequently throw him out of the tavern.

text: Determined to not give up on Belle, he decides to return to the castle alone. However, it doesn't take long before he succumbs to an unknown illness due to the cold weather. Luckily, Belle discovers that her father is in trouble via the Beast's Magic Mirror and is released by the Beast so she can save him. Shortly after arriving back home, Le Fou has alarmed the villagers of their return. Shortly thereafter, Monsieur D'Arque, the keeper of the Maison de Lunes Insane Asylum, and the other villagers come to take Maurice to the insane asylum in an intricate plan to blackmail Belle into marrying Gaston. Belle reveals that Maurice's rants are true and that the Beast does exist. Both she and Maurice are locked up by Gaston in the cellar, to stop them from interfering with Gaston's goal to kill the Beast. Chip has managed to stow away in Belle's satchel and uses the automated firewood cutter to destroy the door to the cellar. Maurice and Belle leave for the castle to stop Gaston from killing the Beast. He is last seen in the ballroom standing by Mrs. Potts as he happily watches Belle and the Beast (who is now transformed back into a handsome prince) dance while he laughs at Chip's question to his mother whether he still has to 'stay in the cupboard'.

text: In the 2017 live-action remake, Maurice is played by Kevin Kline. He remains as an inventor, but makes music boxes to help Belle see the world from the comfort of home in the village of Villeneuve. He fled Paris and settled in the provinces with Belle when she was still a baby to protect the both of them from a plague that took the life of Belle's mother and Maurice's wife. True to the original story, Maurice is imprisoned by the Beast for taking a rose from his garden instead of being caught trespassing in the castle. Maurice returns to Villeneuve to find help, but only Gaston and LeFou are willing to do so. However, Gaston only wanted to help in order to get Maurice's blessing for his marriage to Belle. Knowing that Belle has no interest in marrying Gaston, Maurice refuses her hand, prompting Gaston to leave him to die at the hands of the wolves. The Enchantress, disguised as a villager named Agathe, rescues him and takes him back to Villeneuve. Upon his return, Maurice attempts to have Gaston arrested for attempted murder, but Gaston in turn declares him insane and has him committed to an insane asylum. Belle arrives back in time to vindicate Maurice, but both are locked in the asylum wagon while the whole village goes to kill the Beast. After Maurice and Belle make amends regarding Belle now understanding why Maurice was so overly protective of her, thanks to the Beast, Maurice uses his inventor skills to pick the lock on the wagon, allowing Belle to take Phillipe back to the Beast's castle while Maurice remains behind with the dumbfounded Monsieur D'Arque. At the end of the movie, Maurice is seen painting the ballroom dance as everyone celebrates.

text: He only makes a cameo in Beauty and the Beast: The Enchanted Christmas as one of the people listening to the story Mrs. Potts is telling, and makes his debut appearance in the Kingdom Hearts series in Kingdom Hearts χ.

text: Lumière

text:
Lumière

First appearance
Beauty and the Beast (1991)

Portrayed by
Henri Lubatti (Once Upon a Time)
Ewan McGregor (live-action film)

Voiced by
Jerry Orbach (films, House of Mouse)
Jeff Bennett (Kingdom Hearts II, theme parks)
Ewan McGregor (live-action film)
Masashi Ebara (Japanese)

text: Lumière is the Beast's kindhearted but rebellious maître d', Cogsworth's counterpart and rival. Because of the curse placed by the Enchantress, he was transformed into a candelabra. He allows Maurice to come into the castle to stay. Later, he and Cogsworth lure Belle to Maurice in hopes that she will break the spell. He suggests that Beast try and move her to a better room. Lumière tries to help Beast become more civil for Belle, and sometimes rebels against the Beast if it suits the other characters' needs (like allowing Belle to have dinner despite Beast's refusal to let them feed her). Later, after the Beast rescues Belle from more wolves, and Belle nurses the beast back to health, earning his affections in the process, Lumière, aware of what would impress such a voracious reader, astutely suggests that the Beast give Belle the castle's immense library as a gift, which has the desired effect. He also tries to help the Beast learn how to do the waltz. He is initially upset that Belle leaves the castle, but he remains optimistic at the same time, since he's still convinced that she'll break the spell. When he discovers that the castle is going to be invaded by Gaston's lynch mob, he plans the battle. He then decides to set up a trap where all of the furniture is in the foyer, and he gives the signal to attack. While he is unable to stop Gaston from deserting the battle to kill the Beast, Lumière saves Fifi the Featherduster from being plucked apart by a villager and is earlier himself saved from Le Fou by Cogsworth. He, Cogsworth and Mrs. Potts rush to aid the Beast who is fighting against Gaston, but arrive after the battle's end, when the Beast dies from a mortal wound from Gaston, who fell to his death from the West Wing. The spell breaks, however, reviving the Beast and returning Lumière and the others to their original forms. In the end, he gets into an argument with Cogsworth about who told who about Belle breaking the spell (it was Lumière).

text: In The Enchanted Christmas, he tries to help bring Christmas back into the castle (even if it means disobeying his Master to do so). Also, he and Cogsworth help get a Christmas tree with Belle upon Forte's suggestion (unaware of Forte's plan). When Forte decides to try to destroy the castle, he and Cogsworth try to save the rose.

text: He later appears in Kingdom Hearts II and Kingdom Hearts 358/2 Days as a supporting character in the Beast's Castle world. In 358/2 Days, he and Cogsworth serve as the castle's patrol guards, forcing Roxas, Xion and Xaldin to evade their sight during missions in that world, and in Kingdom Hearts II, he is locked in the dungeon by the Beast along with the other servants in an attempt to protect him by the Beast's rage, fueled by Xaldin, but he is freed by Sora, whom he helps by opening a secret passage out of the undercroft. He later plays a small role in the final battle against Xaldin.

text: Lumière is played by Scottish actor, Ewan McGregor in the live-action version of Beauty and the Beast. This depiction of Lumiere has him as a charismatic bouteiller who has been transformed into a human-shaped candelabra with a bronze human-like face, arms tipped with candles and legs to walk with as well. Despite the differences, Lumiere's design as a candelabra with three branches still remains only by shape shifting and can be self litten. He is lover of Plumette who has been transformed into a feather duster.

text: Cogsworth

text:
Cogsworth

First appearance
Beauty and the Beast (1991)

Portrayed by
Ian McKellen (live-action film)

Voiced by
David Ogden Stiers (film)
Ian McKellen (live-action film)
Kazuo Kumakura (Japanese)

text: Cogsworth is the Beast's tightly wound and extremely loyal Majordomo, and Lumière's counterpart and rival. When the Enchantress curses the Beast, he is transformed into a pendulum clock. He initially tries to stop the others from allowing Maurice to stay at the castle (as he knows the Beast would not approve), but ultimately gives in. When the Beast arrives, he tries to explain what happened, but the Beast is too angry to hear what happened. He tries to get Belle to come to dinner, but she refuses. When he reports to the Beast her refusal, he tries desperately to calm him down, as well as keep him calm when trying to get her to join him for dinner. He follows the Beast's orders to deny her dinner, but he eventually relents, telling them to at least keep the noise down. He is eventually swept up in the boisterous "Be Our Guest" number. Later he learns that the Beast let Belle go, much to his dismay. He then tells everyone the bad news, and seems resigned to his fate (as the rose is nearing the last petal). When the residents of the castle learn of the upcoming invasion, he tries to come up with a plan to stop the villagers, but the others leave him before he can finish. He later participates in the battle and saves Lumiere from Le Fou by sliding down the banister and prodding Le Fou's rear end with a pair of scissors. He, Lumiere and Mrs. Potts rush to aid the Beast who is fighting against Gaston, but arrive after the battle's end, when the Beast dies from a mortal wound from Gaston, who fell from the West Wing. The spell breaks, however, reviving the Beast and returning Cogsworth and the others to their original forms. In the end, he gets into an argument with Lumiere about who told who about Belle breaking the spell (it was Lumiere).

text: In The Enchanted Christmas, he is initially opposed to the idea of Christmas (mainly due to his master's opposition), but eventually decides that Christmas in the castle wouldn't be such a bad idea. He and Lumière try to help Belle find a Christmas tree under Forte's guidance, unaware of Avenant's plan. Later, when Avenant tries to destroy the castle, he attempts to save the rose.

text: He later appears in Kingdom Hearts: 358/2 Days and Kingdom Hearts II in his homeworld, Beast's Castle. In theformer, he serves as a patrol guard in the castle, and in the latter, he aids Sora in the brief fight against the Beast, under Xaldin's influence. He later plays a small role in the final battle against Xaldin.

text: Cogsworth is played by Sir Ian McKellen in the live-action version of Beauty and the Beast. This version has a wife named Clothilde. In the ending, he is reunited with Clothilde after he transforms back into a human, much to his dismay. It is revealed that this version's first name is Henry.[1] The 2017 live-action version of Cogsworth is older than the 1991 animated version.

text: Mrs. Potts

text:
Mrs. Potts

First appearance
Beauty and the Beast (1991)

Portrayed by
Emma Thompson (live-action film)

Voiced by
Angela Lansbury (first and second films)
Anne Rogers (Belle's Magical World)
Emma Thompson (live-action film)

text: Mrs. Potts is the castle's head of the kitchen, and has a loving, motherly feel. When the Enchantress curses the Beast, she is transformed into a teapot. In her first appearance, she helps Maurice get comfortable. She helps comfort Belle when she is made to stay at the castle in exchange for her father's freedom. Mrs. Potts also tries to help the Beast try to become more civil to Belle, although the efforts fall apart when Belle refuses to come to dinner. Later, Mrs. Potts entertains Belle when she's having dinner. When the Beast is wounded, she tries to tend to his wounds with Belle. After learning that there are invaders coming to the castle, she tries to get the Beast to do something, but he declines, still depressed about Belle leaving. She later participates in the battle of the castle by having the rest of the dishes pour hot liquid on the villagers.

text: In The Enchanted Christmas, she serves as the narrator of the tale. She later appears in Kingdom Hearts II in her homeworld, Beast's Castle. She aids Sora, Lumiere and Cogsworth in opening the secret passage out of the dungeons by extinguishing the darkness surrounding the lanterns with the help of Sora's Keyblade.

text: Angela Lansbury, who had been known for playing many "despicable" characters throughout her Broadway career, noted that in the aftermath of her film role as Mrs Potts, children no longer hid behind their parents in fear when around her, and instead treated her like a heroine.[2]

text: Mrs. Potts is portrayed by Emma Thompson in the live-action version of Beauty and the Beast. During the final battle, she recognizes the potter Mr. Potts among the villagers storming the castle and is reunited with him after she transforms back into a human. It is then revealed that her first name is Beatrice.

text: Chip Potts

text:
Chip Potts

First appearance
Beauty and the Beast (1991)

Portrayed by
Nathan Mack (live-action film)

Voiced by
Bradley Pierce (first film)
Haley Joel Osment (second film)
Gregory Grudt (Belle's Magical World)
Tress MacNeille (4 episodes of House of Mouse)
Nikita Hopkins (1 episode of House of Mouse)
Nathan Mack (live-action film)

text: Chip is the son of Mrs. Potts. As a result of the Enchantress' spell, he is transformed into a teacup, with a small crack on the rim. He befriends Belle and looks up to her. He gets admonished by his mother when he does a bubble trick to Belle and when he giggles at how the Beast handles a spoon. Also, he stows away when she has to leave the castle to save her father Maurice, and wants to find out why she left. He later frees Belle and Maurice, who are trapped in the cellar by Gaston, by commandeering Maurice's invention, an automatic firewood chopper, to break open the cellar door but destroying the invention in the process.

text: In Beauty and the Beast: The Enchanted Christmas, he is seen trying to open presents for Christmas. Also when Adam gives him a present, he's excited about it being a storybook. He helps Belle make a storybook to make the Beast feel better. Also, in the flashback depicting the Enchantress placing the spell on the castle ten years earlier, he is present as a child, implying that the spell stopped him and the other servants from aging during the ten-year period.

text: He cameos in Kingdom Hearts II.

text: In the live-action version of Beauty and the Beast, Chip is portrayed by Nathan Mack. He is transformed into a teacup with a matching saucer, often using the saucer to move around quickly (reminiscent of the droid BB-8 from Star Wars: The Force Awakens). When the Enchantress's curse on the kingdom is not broken in time, Chip and all the other castle servants lose their last vestiges of humanity and become completely inanimate. Before Chip drops to the ground lifeless (his saucer already shattering upon impact), his teacup form is saved at the last instant by an ailing Chapeau who is transformed into a lifeless coat rack. Shortly afterwards, the spell on the kingdom is broken and Chip along with the other servants are restored to their human forms. He and his mother are reunited with Mr. Potts.

text: Featherduster

text:
List of Disney's Beauty and the Beast characters

First appearance
Beauty and the Beast (1991)

Portrayed by
Gugu Mbatha-Raw (live-action film)

Voiced by
Kimmy Robertson (films, House of Mouse)
Gugu Mbatha-Raw (live-action film)

Aliases
Babette
Fifi
Plumette

text: The Featherduster is a maid of the castle, who is also Lumière's girlfriend. She is transformed into a feather duster as a cause of the Enchantress' spell. She appears in Beauty and the Beast and Belle's Magical World. She also makes a cameo in Beauty and the Beast: The Enchanted Christmas. There have been some changes to her name throughout the different shows produced; in the musical, she is called Babette; and in Belle's Magical World, she is called Fifi. In the 2017 live-action film, she is portrayed by Gugu Mbatha-Raw and is called Plumette and was transformed into a swan-shaped feather duster.

text: In the Belle's Magical World segment, "Fifi's Folly", Fifi misunderstands Belle as Lumière's new girlfriend when Belle helps him rehearse for his 5th Anniversary date with Fifi. However, in the end of the segment, Lumiere tells her he loves her after a series of events and they get back together again.

text: The Featherduster is voiced by Kimmy Robertson in the Beauty and the Beast and Belle's Magical World, but no actress is credited for her single line in The Enchanted Christmas. She also appeared in Disney's House of Mouse and Mickey's Magical Christmas: Snowed in at the House of Mouse, again voiced by Robertson but this time was called Babette.

text: Sultan

text:
Sultan

First appearance
Beauty and the Beast (1991)

Portrayed by
Gizmo (live-action film)

Voiced by
Frank Welker (animated films)

text: Sultan is the castle dog who was turned into a footstool when the Enchantress enacted her curse.

text: When Maurice first appeared at the castle, he is among those who meet him and tries to get Maurice to pet him. Then Sultan gets in front of Maurice so that he can put his feet up. During Belle's stay at the castle, Sultan plays in the snow and even gets hugged by Belle. At the time when Gaston leads the villagers into laying siege to the Beast's castle, Sultan takes part in the fight. When he is chased into the kitchen and cornered by LeFou and those with him, Chef Bouche and the knives help scare them off. After Belle broke the Enchantress' spell, Sultan was among those who were restored to normal.

text: In Beauty and the Beast: The Enchanted Christmas, Sultan is among those present when they hear Mrs. Potts' story about last Christmas.

text: In the live-action film, Sultan is renamed Frou-Frou and portrayed by Gizmo. He is apparently the Yorkshire Terrier of Madame Garderobe and Maestro Cadenza.

text: The Wardrobe

text:
Wardrobe

First appearance
Beauty and the Beast (1991)

Portrayed by
Audra McDonald (live-action film)

Voiced by
Jo Anne Worley
Audra McDonald (live-action film)

Aliases
Amoire
Grande Bouche
Garderobe

Title
Madame

text: The Wardrobe is a former opera singer, turned into a wardrobe. The character of Wardrobe was introduced by visual development person Sue C. Nichols to the then entirely male cast of servants, and was originally a more integral character named "Madame Armoire". Her role was later expanded upon and ultimately taken over by Mrs. Potts.[3] Wardrobe is known as "Madame de la Grande Bouche" in the stage adaptation of the film. Her stage name supposedly means "Mistress of the Big Mouth" in a semi-literal English translation. The Marvel Comics serial for the movie, taking place during the movie, referred to her status as an opera singer that performed even to the king.

text: She later appears in Kingdom Hearts II in her homeworld, Beast's Castle. In the game, she blocks Sora's way to the undercroft to free the servants from the dungeon, forcing Sora to push her out of the way while she is sleeping. As in the film, she is Belle's closest confidante in the castle after Lumiere.

text: In the 2017 live-action remake, the Wardrobe is portrayed by Audra McDonald and is known as Madame de Garderobe, wife of court composer, Maestro Cadenza, and also a well-respected opera singer. The Enchantress' curse separated her from her husband, and as the rose withered, she was prone to dozing off more often as she became more inanimate. After the Enchantress lifts the curse and restores everyone to human form, Garderobe is reunited with her husband and sings at the celebratory ball at the end of the film.

text: Le Fou

text:
Le Fou

First appearance
Beauty and the Beast (1991)

Portrayed by
Josh Gad (live-action film)

Voiced by
Jesse Corti

text: Le Fou (French for "The Madman", and also a phonetic pun on "The Fool") is a local villager who is Gaston's bumbling-but-loyal sidekick (and punching bag); he is often mistreated by Gaston, but he doesn't seem to mind. He seems unsure about Gaston marrying Belle (thinking that she and her father, Maurice, are "crazy"), but helps him anyway. During the attempted wedding, he acts as a conductor to signal the playing of a fast tempo version on "Here Comes the Bride". Later, when Gaston comes up with a plan to arrange for Maurice to be sent to the insane asylum to force Belle to marry him, they head to Belle's house, but both she and Maurice are gone. Gaston decides to have Le Fou stay near the house and let him know when they return, much to Le Fou's chagrin. After a while, when Belle brings Maurice home, Le Fou alerts Gaston so he can put his plan into action. After learning that the Beast exists, he accompanies Gaston and the rest of the lynch mob to the castle to kill the Beast singing "The Mob Song" with everybody. He picks up Lumière upon entering the castle, and Lumiere's signal begins the battle. During the battle, Le Fou attempts to kill Lumiere by waving a torch perilously close to Lumiere's head, but Cogsworth saves him by jabbing scissors hard in Le Fou's rear end. He is last seen escaping with the rest of the villagers.

text: It is left unknown if he knew Gaston died against the Beast, though it's possible that Gaston's absence from then on gave him that message.

text: In the beginning of The Enchanted Christmas, despite the rest of the villagers being invited to the castle for a Christmas party, Le Fou is not present.

text: In the movie, Le Fou was voiced by Venezuelan voice actor Jesse Corti, who also voiced Le Fou in the Spanish-language dub of the film, making Le Fou one of the few characters to share the same voice actor in two different dubs of the movie.

text: In the 2017 live-action adaptation, Le Fou is portrayed by Josh Gad. In the version with Gad, the character is gay, becoming the first homosexual in a Disney film.[4] In one deleted scene, Le Fou helped Gaston to break up the headmaster leading the villagers into destroying Belle's laundry invention by shooting the gun in the air twice with the second time having a cow accidentally killed. Unlike in the original 1991 animated film during the fight at the Beast's castle, he saves Mrs. Potts when she falls from the chandelier and switches sides to helping the Beast's servants after Gaston abandons him while he takes a beating from the servants. One deleted scene had him given a bad encounter with Monsieur Toilette which causes him to run out of the room he was in. In another deleted scene following the spell being broken, Le Fou runs into Monsieur Toilette's true form which identified from the bathroom smell. At the end of this version, he briefly dances with the (presumably gay) Stanley, who was also a friend and minion of Gaston's. In the 2017 version, Le Fou is thus a rounder character, with complex motivations.

text: Monsieur D'Arque

text:
Monsieur D'Arque

First appearance
Beauty and the Beast (1991)

Portrayed by
Adrian Schiller (live-action film)

Voiced by
Tony Jay

text: Monsieur D'Arque is the owner of the local madhouse or Asylum for Loons. Gaston bribes him to take part in a scheme to blackmail Belle into marrying him in which D'Arque will threaten to have Belle's rather eccentric father Maurice sent to the madhouse. After Belle returns from the Beast's castle, Monsieur D'Arque appears to collect Maurice as Gaston Le Fou, and most of the villagers are present. He is only seen in these two scenes, and his fate after the Beast's existence is revealed is left ambiguous.

text: He also appears in the 2017 version. He only appears after Gaston demands that Maurice be put into the asylum and also tries to lock up both Maurice and Belle on Gaston's orders while being told to make sure they don't get out. Monsieur D'Arque is dumbfounded when he discovers that the two had managed to escape. As Belle rides off, Maurice asks Monsieur D'Arque if he has children.

text: The Triplets

text:
Claudette, Laurette, and Paulette

First appearance
Beauty and the Beast (1991)

Portrayed by
Sophie Reid (Eliana)
Rafaëlle Cohen (Elise)
Carla Nella (Eloïse)

Voiced by
Kath Soucie (Paulette [1991 film]; all characters [subsequent appearances])
Mary Kay Bergman (Claudette and Laurette [1991 film])

text: The Triplets, also known as the "Bimbettes", are a trio of beautiful blonde women who fawn over Gaston. The real names of the girls are Claudette, who wears a red dress, Laurette, who wears yellow dress, and Paulette, who wears a green dress. They think Belle is crazy when they see her refusing Gaston's advances. They are also upset when Gaston decides to marry Belle, as they are seen crying when he is announcing that he will propose to Belle. They are later seen comforting and fawning over Gaston in the bar. They are not part of the mob who tries to kill the Beast. The end of the Gaston song implies that they acted as waitresses in the tavern due to Paulette being seen with a silver platter.

text: In the beginning of "The Enchanted Christmas," despite the rest of the villagers being invited to the castle for a Christmas party, the Triplets aren't present.

text: The triplets also appear in the Marvel Comics serial for Beauty and the Beast, which was set during Belle's stay at the castle. They are generally within the B-stories, where they try to sabotage Gaston's plans to marry Belle, with varying success.

text: In the Musical, their roles are the same, although they are given more dialogue and their role is expanded slightly.

text: They have made regular appearances on "Disney's House of Mouse." They are now all voiced by Kath Soucie (who had originally just voiced Paulette), due to Mary Kay Bergman's suicide by the time the show was made.

text: They also appear in the 2017 live-action remake. Although their overall roles were the same, they are in fact among the mob late in the film unlike in the 1991 original. In addition, the triplets were given a significantly different appearance, where they wore similarly-colored pink dresses, and possessed heavy makeup, a beauty spot, and brunette hair, as well as explicitly disliking Belle (Bill Condon and Rafaëlle Cohen both indicated the triplets' dislike of Belle dealt with their own mom neglecting them and doting on the latter). They are also depicted as being more haughty and vain. Their occupations also changed, acting as seamstresses in the remake. The three of them are among the villagers that accompany Gaston to the Beast's castle to kill the Beast where they end up fighting the servants. One deleted scene had the Triplets chasing Frou-Frou into the kitchen where Cuisiner throws food on them. It is left unknown if they knew Gaston died against the Beast, though it's possible that Gaston's absence from then on gave them that message. Lastly, they were also given significantly different names by their actresses, being Elise (portrayed by Rafaëlle Cohen), Eliana (portrayed by Sophie Reid), and Eloïse (portrayed by Carla Nella), though the names have not currently been officiated.

text: The Baker

text:
The Baker

First appearance
Beauty and the Beast (1991)

Portrayed by
Dale Branston

Voiced by
Alec Murphy

text: The Baker is the head of a bakery in the village that Belle lived in. He says good morning to Belle and asks where Belle is off to. When Belle states that she is on her way to the bookstore to return a book about a beanstalk and an ogre, the Baker quotes "That's nice" and shouts into the bakery for Marie to hurry up with the baguettes. The Baker later provides the birthday cake for Gaston's wedding proposal for Belle which doesn't go well. After Belle returned from the Beast's castle, the Baker is among the villagers gathered by Gaston at the time when Gaston as Monsieur D'Arque comes to collect Maurice. After Belle uses the Beast's mirror to show that the Beast exists, the Baker is among the villagers that accompany Gaston and Le Fou to the Beast's Castle to kill the Beast only for the villagers to be fended off by the transformed servants.

text: In the live-action film, Belle is seen during the first song buying one of the Baker's foods and his discussion to Belle was transferred to Jean Potts. The Baker was seen when the Headmaster had roused the villagers into destroying Belle's laundry invention after the Headmaster caught Belle teaching a girl how to read. Like the animated film, the Baker is among the villagers that accompany Gaston and Le Fou to the Beast's castle to kill the Beast only for the villagers to be fended off by the transformed servants.

text: The Bookseller

text:
The Bookseller

First appearance
Beauty and the Beast (1991)

Portrayed by
Ray Fearon (live-action film)

Voiced by
Alvin Epstein

text: The Bookseller is the owner of a small bookstore/library in the village that Belle lived in. He is one of a few villagers that are friendly to Belle. When Belle visits his place of work, the Bookseller states that he hasn't received any new books yet. He does allow Belle to keep the book that she has borrowed twice.

text: In the live-action film, the Bookseller is replaced with Père Robert who is Villeneuve's local chaplain. He encourages Belle to borrow the books in the chapel's meager library. He later helps Belle pick up some laundry when the cruel headmaster had some villagers throw them on the street after he discovered her trying to teach a young girl how to read. When Gaston has Monsieur D'Arque take Maurice to the Asylum after being accused for leaving him for dead, Père Robert insists that Maurice isn't insane and suggests that he be brought to a hospital. As Gaston leads the villagers to the Beast's castle with an intention to kill the Beast, Père Robert watched in horror as villagers furiously marched toward their destination while he defiantly remains behind and shuns himself from participating. After the spell that was cast by the Enchantress was broken, Père Robert was among those seen attending the ball.

text: The Enchantress

text:
The Enchantress

First appearance
Beauty and the Beast (1991)

Portrayed by
Hattie Morahan (live-action film)

Voiced by
Kath Soucie (second film)

text: The Enchantress is an off-screen, minor character, but she is responsible for the events in the story, as revealed in the prologue that it is she who curses Prince Adam as the Beast. She pays a visit to the castle one cold winter night and poses as an ugly, old peddler woman, offering a single rose for shelter. After being turned away by the prince twice, she reveals her true self (young and beautiful, yet cruel and hypocritical) and punishes him by transforming him into the Beast, his servants into objects, and his castle into a horrific version of itself laden with ugly gargoyles and grotesque statues. The Enchantress left the Beast with only two items, a magic mirror as the only window to the outside world, and the rose she had tried to give him. It turns out the rose is enchanted, working as an hourglass: it will bloom until his 21st birthday, when its petals will begin to fall. When the last petal falls, the prince will remain a Beast forever. The spell can only be broken if he can learn to love and receives love in return. Her spell is broken at the last second by Belle's confession of love for the Beast.

text: In The Enchanted Christmas, it is revealed that the Enchantress' visit that resulted in the curse occurred on Christmas Day, which resulted in Adam's dislike for the holiday. The Enchantress is voiced by Kath Soucie in the flashback scene of the film.

text: In the live-action version, the Enchantress is played by Hattie Morahan, who also serves as the narrator of the prologue. She came to a debutante ball disguised as a beggar woman (portrayed by Rita Davies) and offered a rose as payment for shelter from the storm. The Prince turned her away twice, prompting her to reveal her true self. She not only transformed the prince, his servants, and the castle, but erased the villagers' memory of the prince. Years later, she reappeared disguised as a hermit named Agathe. A deleted scene during the "Belle" song had Belle giving bread and jam to Agathe. She later tended to Maurice when Gaston left him for dead for the latter's refusal to hand Belle in marriage. Later, she came to the Beast's chamber while the Beast lay near death and overheard Belle profess her love for him despite it already being too late, as the last petal on the rose had fallen. She turned the rose into enchanted dust which revived the Beast and transformed both him and his servants into humans once again.

text: Phillipe

text:
Phillipe

First appearance
Beauty and the Beast (1991)

Portrayed by
Rusty (live-action film)

Voiced by
Hal Smith (original film)
Frank Welker (sequel)

text: Phillipe is a Belgian horse owned by Belle and Maurice. He is frightened of wolves and he emits a loud toot noise.

text: Chef Bouche

text:
Chef Bouche

First appearance
Beauty and the Beast (1991)

Portrayed by
Clive Rowe (live-action film)

Voiced by
Brian Cummings (first film)
Jim Cummings (third film)
Clive Rowe (live-action film)

text: Chef Bouche is the Beast's head chef who was transformed into a stove. He was disappointed that Beast cancelled dinner and he felt he had to throw away what he had made until Belle finally informed him, Lumière, Cogsworth and Mrs. Potts that she was hungry. When the villagers attacked the castle, he and the knives ended up scaring away the villagers that chased Sultan into the kitchen.

text: In the "Belle's Magical World" segment "Mrs. Potts' Party," Chef Bouche is instructed by Belle to bake a cake for Mrs. Potts. Even though he ran into difficulty, Chef Bouche succeeded in making the cake as he and the kitchen staff help Belle present it to Mrs. Potts.

text: In the live-action film, Chef Bouche was renamed Cuisiner. In addition to being changed into a stove, he also consists of various pots, pans, and other kitchen utensils as facial features and body parts. Cuisiner is shown preparing a dinner for Belle on Lumiere's orders without the Beast finding out. A deleted scene has Cuisiner taking part in the battle against the villagers where he throws molasses and feathers all over the Triplets that chased Frou Frou into the kitchen. In the same deleted scene where Le Fou had finished talking with Monsieur Toilette, Cuisiner is shown hugging a villager that he knows as Monsieur Toilette passes them. When the villager reacts to the hotness as a side effect of Cuisiner having been a stove, Cuisiner apologizes to the villager. The villager gives him a forgiveness gesture.

text: Coat Rack

text:
Coat Rack

First appearance
Beauty and the Beast (1991)

Portrayed by
Thomas Padden (live-action film)

text: The Coat Rack is an unnamed servant of the Beast who was turned into a coat rack that sports a green hat.

text: He was first seen amongst the castle's inhabitants welcoming Maurice and giving him a blanket to help him warm up. The Coat Rack was seen helping Beast get ready for his dance with Belle. When Gaston leads the villagers into raiding the castle, the Coat Rack is among the servants seen fighting the villagers where he boxes with one of the villagers.

text: In the live-action film, the Coat Rack has a larger role and is named Chapeau. He served as the Prince's aide (the junior novelization listed him as a valet) who was turned into a coat rack. When Maurice first enters the castle, he hands his coat on him. After Belle was frightened out of the West Wing by Beast, Chapeau tries to prevent Belle from leaving the castle. Chappeau later takes part in the fight against the villagers where he punches Le Fou. As the last petal falls, Chapeau catches Chip before being rendered inanimate like everyone else. After the spell is broken, Chapeau is restored to normal as he pulls his foot away from Frou-Frou who was urinating on it.

text: Palanquin

text:
Palanquin

First appearance
Beauty and the Beast (1991)

text: Palanquin is an unidentified servant transformed into a palanquin that resides at the Beast's castle. His name came from the comics.

text: After Belle agreed to take Maurice's place, Beast had Maurice loaded into Palanquin telling Maurice that Belle is no longer her concern. Beat then order Palanquin to drop Maurice back at the village. Palanquin did tha after ripping it's bindings off.

text: In The New Adventures of Disney's Beauty and the Beast comics, Mrs. Potts and Sultan enlist Palanquin to help rescue Beast and Chip when they fell off the castle into the ravine.

text: Introduced in Beauty and the Beast: The Enchanted Christmas

text: Forte

text:
Forte

First appearance
Beauty and the Beast: The Enchanted Christmas (1997)

Voiced by
Tim Curry

text: Forte is the composer of the castle and serves as the main antagonist of The Enchanted Christmas. When the Enchantress curses the Beast, he is transformed into a pipe organ. Unlike the other cursed denizens, he enjoys the new form that he has for its power, as he feels that he's more useful to the Beast in this form than as his human form. As such, he intends to sabotage the Beast and Belle's relationship to ensure that the spell is never broken. He also uses Fife the Piccolo to carry out his plan, promising him his own musical solo when he succeeds (though he never actually intends to give the solo to him). He tries to lure Belle away from the castle to get a Christmas tree in an area beyond a frozen lake. While she's away, Forte tells the Beast that Belle has abandoned him, thus fueling more anger into the Beast. He then proceeds to tell the Beast to destroy the Enchanted Rose, but the Beast ultimately decides not to when a rose petal lands on the storybook from Belle, thus allowing the Beast to regain his senses.

text: Enraged at this failure, and refusing to "fade away", he decides to destroy the entire castle with his music, as the Beast and Belle can't fall in love if they are both dead. He ultimately meets his end when the Beast rips out his keyboard and wrecks it, causing Forte to try to kill the Beast by lunging at him. He ends up being dislodged from the wall causing Forte to crash to the ground.

text: NOTE: When The Enchanted Christmas was originally conceived as a direct sequel to the first film, the character of Forte was written as Avenant, Gaston's vengeful younger brother who would also be determined to ruin Belle and Adam's lives before meeting his own end. Though plans for the sequel were scrapped, many of Avenant's characteristics were integrated into Forte.

text: Fife

text:
Fife

First appearance
Beauty and the Beast: The Enchanted Christmas (1997)

Voiced by
Paul Reubens

text: Fife is a resident of the castle. When the Enchantress curses the Beast, he is transformed into a piccolo. He is tricked by Forte into trying to sabotage the relationship under the promise of his own solo. Fife lures Belle into Forte's room for him to tell Belle where a suitable Christmas tree is located. However, shortly after she leaves, Forte tells Fife to follow her to the tree (presumably so he can cause the ice to break with his sound). Fife later regrets this action and decides to help Belle and Beast mend their relationship. Forte decides to destroy the castle and Fife tries to stop him. Forte reveals that he never intended to give him a musical solo (via expelling blank note sheets). No longer loyal to Forte, Fife tells the Beast that Forte's power comes from the keyboard and Beast uses this knowledge to depower him. In the ending of the movie (taking place in the present), Fife seems to have taken over Forte's job as the composer of the castle.

text: Angelique

text:
Angelique

First appearance
Beauty and the Beast: The Enchanted Christmas (1997)

Voiced by
Bernadette Peters

text: Angelica is the castle decorator. When the Enchantress curses the Beast, she transforms into a Christmas angel ornament. She initially opposes the idea of Christmas, but then reconsiders after Belle tells her the joys of Christmas. She later comforts Belle in the dungeon.

text: Introduced in Belle's Magical World

text: Webster

text:
Webster

First appearance
Belle's Magical World (1998)

Voiced by
Jim Cummings

text: Webster is the castle's scribe who was transformed into a dictionary by the Enchantress' spell. While he means well, he has a rather long tongue, often speaking out of the right moment. This leads to the other servants, particularly Lumiere and Cogsworth, to dislike him greatly. During the first segment of Belle's Magical World, he infuriates the Beast by giving unwanted synonyms to Belle's insults during a row leading the Beast to strike him. Wracked with guilt after Belle and the Beast stop speaking to each other, he forges a letter of apology from Belle with his two best friends Crane and LePlume. He is exiled from the castle when the Beast finds out, but amends are made after Belle brings him back.

text: Crane

text:
Crane

First appearance
Belle's Magical World (1998)

Voiced by
Jeff Bennett

text: Crane is a set of paper sheets that is one of Webster's friends.

text: LePlume

text:
LePlume

First appearance
Belle's Magical World (1998)

Voiced by
Rob Paulsen

text: LePlume is a quill that is one of Webster's friends.

text: Chandeleria

text:
Chandeleria

First appearance
Belle's Magical World (1998)

Voiced by
April Winchell

text: Chandeleria is a chandelier that resides in the Beast's castle.

text: Witherspoon

text:
Witherspoon

First appearance
Belle's Magical World (1998)

Voiced by
none

text: Witherspoon, interestingly, is the only one of Beast's servants who is not a household object. In contrast, he is an intelligent pigeon in charge of delivering the Beast's messages to the village for placing orders or anything similar. While it is possible that he was already a pigeon before the Enchantress placed the spell on the castle, his previously being a human servant may be the only possible explanation of his capability of understanding English with no apparent problem.

text: Introduced in the live-action film

text: Maestro Cadenza

text:
Maestro Cadenza

First appearance
Beauty and the Beast (2017)

Portrayed by
Stanley Tucci (live-action film)

Voiced by
Stanley Tucci

text: Exclusive to the 2017 live-action film, Maestro Cadenza is the husband to the opera singer Madame de Garderobe and is the castle's court composer. At the time of his servitude to the Prince, Cadenza was suffering from dental problems. Cadenza is turned into a harpsichord by the Enchantress' spell on the castle, while his wife is turned into a wardrobe. As a result, when he tries to play, he makes the occasional sour note due to the cavities in his teeth, but struggles through the pain in hopes of returning to his human form and reuniting with his wife.

text: When the villagers raid the castle, Cadenza takes part in the fight where he bodyslams LeFou and fires his remaining keys as a form of hailing bullets at the villagers but not long before Lumière scares the villagers off by lighting one of the gunpowder puddles on the castle floor causing it to spark and forcing the villagers to retreat in humiliation. When the spell is broken, Cadenza is finally reunited with Garderobe and gets his lost teeth replaced. He performs his music at the ball at the end of the movie.

text: Jean Potts

text:
Jean Potts

First appearance
Beauty and the Beast (2017)

Portrayed by
Gerard Horan

text: Jean Potts is an absent-minded potter who resides in the village of Villeneuve and is one of a few villagers that are friendly to Belle. He is depicted as the husband of Mrs. Potts where he lost the memory of it when the Enchantress' spell is cast. Jean is first seen greeting Belle and comments the book she described as boring. Jean Potts is later seen in the tavern where Le Fou is trying to cheer up Gaston and when Maurice later came in accusing Gaston of leaving him for dead. Jean is among the villagers who assist Gaston in the attack on the Beast's castle. During the fight between the servants and the villagers, Mrs. Potts recognized her husband. When the spell is broken, Jean is reunited with his family and later dances with his wife at the ball.

text: Clothilde

text:
Clothilde

First appearance
Beauty and the Beast (2017)

Portrayed by
Haydn Gwynne

text: Clothilde is a villager and fishmonger who is the wife of Cogsworth. When the Enchantress casts her spell, she loses the memory of her husband. During the opening song, Clothilde was shown selling some fish while trying to buy some eggs. Clothilde is among the villagers that assist the Headmaster into destroying her laundry machine and throwing Belle's laundry on the street after the Headmaster caught Belle trying to teach a young girl how to read. She is among the villagers that join Gaston in the attack on Beast's castle. When the spell is broken, Clothilde is happily reunited with her husband even though Cogsworth is originally quite horrified when Clothilde recognizes him. The two of them are later seen dancing at the ball.

text: Monsieur Toilette

text:
Monsieur Toilette

First appearance
Beauty and the Beast (2017)

Portrayed by
Stephen Merchant

text: Monsieur Toilette is a servant of the Beast who was turned into a toilet. His scene was cut from the film, but is featured in the deleted scenes.[5]

text: In the first deleted scene, Le Fou tries to take refuge in a room during the villagers' fight with the servants only to have a frightful encounter with Monsieur Toilette. In another deleted scene after the spell is broken, Le Fou encounters Monsieur Toilette in his human form who he identifies from the bathroom smell and was shown in a traumatized/relieved stated. When Le Fou asks him what he is going to do now, Monsieur Toilette states that he's going to go brush his teeth. He walks away pleased that he is human again as he passes by Cuisiner and a villager.

text: Cast

text:
Character
Beauty and the Beast (1991)
The Enchanted Christmas (1997)
Belle's Magical World (1998)
Mickey's Magical Christmas: Snowed in at the House of Mouse (2001)
House of Mouse (2001-2002)
Beauty and the Beast (2017)

Belle
Paige O'Hara
Jodi Benson
Emma Watson

Beast/Prince
Robby Benson
Dan Stevens

Gaston
Richard White

Richard White
Luke Evans

Lumière
Jerry Orbach
Maurice LaMarche
Jerry Orbach
Ewan McGregor

Cogsworth
David Ogden Stiers
Ian McKellen

Mrs. Potts
Angela Lansbury
Anne Rogers
Silent role
Emma Thompson

Chip
Bradley Pierce
Haley Joel Osment
Gregory Grudt
Silent Role
Tress MacNeille
Nathan Mack

Maurice
Rex Everhart
Silent Role

Corey Burton
Kevin Kline

Le Fou
Jesse Corti

Cameo
Josh Gad

Wardrobe
Jo Anne Worley
(unnamed)

Jo Anne Worley
(unnamed)

Silent Role
Audra McDonald
(as Madame de Garderobe)

Featherduster
Kimmy Robertson
(unnamed)
Cameo
Kimmy Robertson
(as Fifi)
Silent Role
Kimmy Robertson
(as Babette)
Gugu Mbatha-Raw
(as Plumette)

Enchantress
Silent role
Kath Soucie

Hattie Morahan

Monsieur D'Arque
Tony Jay

Adrian Schiller

Maestro

Tim Curry
(as Forte)

Stanley Tucci
(as Cadenza)

Chef
Brian Cummings
(unnamed)

Jim Cummings
(as Bouche)

Clive Rowe
(as Cuisinier)

Bookseller
Alvin Epstein

Ray Fearon
(as Pere Robert)

Fife

Paul Reubens

Angelique

Bernadette Peters

Webster

Jim Cummings

Le Plume

Rob Paulsen

Crane

Jeff Bennett

Chandeleria

April Winchell

Bimbettes
Mary Kay Bergman
Kath Soucie

Kath Soucie
Sophie Reid
Rafaëlle Cohen
Carla Nella

Jean Potts

Gerard Horan

Clothilde

Haydn Gwynne

Coat Rack
Silent role
(unnamed)

Thomas Padden
(as Chappeau)

Phillipe
Hal Smith
Frank Welker

Rusty

Footstool
Frank Welker
(as Sultan)

Frank Welker
(as Sultan)
Gizmo
(as Froufrou)


document_title: Gun laws in Michigan

question_text: how old do you have to be to own a handgun in michigan

text: Gun laws in Michigan

text: Summary table[edit]

text:
Subject/Law
Long Guns
Handguns
Relevant Statutes
Notes

State permit required to purchase?
No
Not from FFL

Permit required for purchase from an individual if purchaser does not have a CPL or an FFL and the transaction is not processed through an FFL dealer.

Firearm registration?
No
Yes

Some handgun sales are required to be registered to local law enforcement. There are several exceptions, including, but not limited to, police and US citizens holding a concealed pistol license from another state. [5]

Owner license required?
No
No

Carry permit required?
No
Yes
MCL 28.452b
Michigan is a "shall issue" state for concealed carry.

Open carry permitted?
Yes
Yes

Open carry is generally permitted.[6] Carry in a vehicle requires a license.[7]

State preemption of local restrictions?
Yes
Yes
MCL 123.1102
City or Charter Township may restrict the discharge of firearms (see MCL 123.1104).

Assault weapon law?
No
No

Magazine capacity restriction?
No
No

NFA weapons restricted?
No
No

Short barreled shotguns, short barreled rifles, automatic weapons, AOW's, and silencers/suppressors are allowed if in compliance with federal law.

Background checks required for private sales?
No
Yes
MCL 28.422a
A person acquiring a handgun must have either a handgun purchase license or a license to carry a concealed handgun. A background check is required to obtain either of these licenses.

text: "Firearm" defined[edit]

text: The word 'firearm', except as otherwise specifically defined in statute, includes any weapon which will, is designed to, or may readily be converted to expel a projectile by action of an explosive. "[8] Michigan's Attorney General has ruled that the definition of "firearm" includes a Taser.[9] As of August 6, 2012, under essentially the same laws applicable to pistols in Michigan, private citizens may purchase and use Tasers (a portable device that uses electro-muscular disruption technology).[10]

text: According to the State of Michigan's Penal Code, a pistol is defined as "a loaded or unloaded firearm that is 26 inches or less in length, or a loaded or unloaded firearm that by its construction and appearance conceals itself as a firearm";[11] A person who knowingly sells a pistol without complying with MCL 28.422, is guilty of a misdemeanor, punishable by imprisonment for not more than 90 days, or a fine of not more than $100.00, or both; Michigan Penal Code pg. 386 Sec. 223 (1).  A person 18 years of age can legally purchase a pistol from a private seller, but first must obtain a purchasing permit which is good for 30 days.

text: Purchasing firearms[edit]

text: At the age of 18 or up, it is legal to buy a pistol with a purchase license from a private seller, at the age of 21, it is legal to buy a firearm from a Federally licensed (FFL) dealer.  No purchase license is required to purchase a long gun (a firearm that is more than 26 inches long) in Michigan. According to state law, a long gun may be purchased by anyone aged 18 or over who is not subject to restrictions based on criminal history, mental health history, or other disqualifying factor. A person must be at least 18 years old to purchase a long gun from a federal dealer or a private seller under Michigan law.

text: Only Michigan residents may purchase pistols (meaning firearms that are 26 inches or less in length) in Michigan.  Residents of any state may purchase long guns in Michigan [12] and Michigan residents may  purchase long guns in any state [13]

text: NON-CPL Holders Only that are buying a pistol from a private seller:[14] An individual must apply to their local police or sheriff's department for a purchase license before obtaining a pistol from a private seller. The police authority will check the applicant's criminal history and for disqualifying factors such as whether the person has been ordered to undergo involuntary mental health treatment or is subject to a restraining order for domestic violence.

text: As of December 18, 2012, no purchase permit is required for purchases from a Class 1 FFL Dealer.[15]

text: Purchases from a private party will require a purchase permit that can be acquired at any police or sheriff's office statewide.

text: A License to Purchase a Pistol is valid for 30 days from a private party.[16] The buyer and seller must both sign the license and may each keep one copy for his or her records. An individual must return to the local police department within 10 days of purchasing the pistol to return the remaining two copies of the license. Some agencies require all unused license-to-purchase forms to be returned to them for record-keeping purposes.

text: CPL Holders:[17] A License to Purchase is not needed for anyone with a valid Michigan Concealed Pistol License even when buying from a private seller. Someone with a valid Michigan Concealed Pistol License must, however, complete a Pistol Sales Record when purchasing or acquiring a pistol (http://www.michigan.gov/documents/ri-060_6454_7.pdf).

text: Pawn shops, second hand dealers, and junk shops are not allowed to accept a pistol in Pawn, and must be FFL dealers to buy & sell.[18]

text: Concealed carry[edit]

text: Michigan's concealed carry law is "shall issue," meaning that anyone 21 or older may obtain a license to carry a concealed pistol, so long as the person is not prohibited from owning a firearm, has not been found guilty of any felonies or certain misdemeanors within a time period of either 3 or 8 years dependent upon the charge, and has completed state-approved firearms training. Concealed Pistol License (CPL) holders are not required to obtain a license to purchase a pistol; however, they must fulfill the registration requirement (a sales record of the pistol acquisition). Under Michigan law, carrying a concealed pistol under a CPL constitutes implied permission for chemical testing for illegal drugs or alcohol; and it is strictly forbidden for someone with a concealed pistol license to carry a pistol while under the influence of drugs or alcohol.

text: Individuals licensed to carry a concealed pistol by Michigan or another state are prohibited from carrying a concealed pistol on the following premises: schools or school property, public or private day care center, public or private child caring agency, or public or private child placing agency, sports arena or stadium, a tavern where the primary source of income is the sale of alcoholic liquor by the glass consumed on the premises, any property or facility owned or operated by a church, synagogue, mosque, temple, or other place of worship, unless the presiding official allows concealed weapons, an entertainment facility that the individual knows or should know has a seating capacity of 2,500 or more, a hospital, a dormitory or classroom of a community college, college, or university, and casinos. "Premises" does not include the parking areas of the places listed above. Openly carried firearms by CPL holders in most of these locations is generally lawful.[19]

text: On July 27, 2018, the Michigan Supreme Court upheld lower court rulings that allowed schools to ban openly carried guns by CPL holders.[20][21] The majority opinion stated that while the legislature has occupied the field of firearm laws, prohibiting "a local unit of government", which includes "city, village, township, or county", from regulating firearms, such preemption does not apply to school districts because they are not expressly included in the definition of a local unit of government.[22] While the court ruled that the rules are not field preempted, it did not rule on whether the rules are conflict preempted, leaving that question unanswered.[23] The dissent argued that while the law allows school districts "the authority to enact policies that provide for the safety and welfare of pupils while at school" with the exception of "otherwise provided by law", state law does "otherwise provide" by generally prohibiting the possession of firearms on school property but then expressly exempting CPL holders from this prohibition, thereby permitting licensed individuals to possess firearms on school property.[22]

text: State requirements for obtaining a Concealed Pistol License in the State of Michigan

text: 1.	Be at least 21 years of age

text: 2.	Be a citizen of the United States or an alien lawfully admitted into the United States

text: 3.	Be a resident of the State of Michigan for at least 6 months prior to application. An applicant is a state resident if one of the following applies. The applicant possesses a valid, lawfully obtained Michigan driver's license or state identification card. The applicant is lawfully registered to vote in Michigan. The applicant is on active duty status with the United States Armed Forces and stationed outside of Michigan, but Michigan is the home on record. The applicant is on active duty status with the United States Armed Forces and is permanently stationed in Michigan, but the home of record is another state.

text: 4.	Have successfully completed a pistol safety training course

text: 5.	Not be subject to the following. An order requiring involuntary hospitalization or alternative treatment. An order finding legal incapacitation. A finding not guilty by reason of insanity.

text: 6.	Not to be subject to a conditional bond release prohibiting the possession of a firearm

text: 7.	Not be subject to a Personal Protection Order (PPO)

text: 8.	Not be prohibited from possessing, using, transporting, selling, carrying, shipping, receiving, or distributing a firearm under MCL 750.224f

text: 9.	Have never been convicted of a felony in Michigan or elsewhere

text: 10.	Have no felony charges pending in Michigan or elsewhere

text: 11.	Have not been dishonorably-discharged from the United States Armed Forces

text: 12.	Have not been convicted of one of the following misdemeanors in the last eight years immediately-preceding the date of application: Failing to stop when involved in a personal injury accident, MCL 257.617a, Operating while intoxicated, seconded offense, MCL 257.625(9)(b), Drunk driving, commercial vehicle, MCL 257.625m(4), Reckless driving, MCL 257.626

text: 13.	Have not been convicted of one of the following misdemeanor in the three years immediately preceding the date of application: Operating under the influence, MCL 257.625, Embezzlement, MCL 750.174, Larceny MCL 750.365, Malicious destruction of stolen property, MCL 750.377a, Second degree retail fraud, MCL 750.356d

text: 14.	Have not been found guilty of any crime and has not offered a plea of not guilty of, or been acquitted of, any crime by any reason of insanity

text: 15.	Have never been subject to an order of involuntary commitment in an inpatient or outpatient setting due to a mental treatment

text: 16.	Not have a diagnosed mental illness at the time the application is made that includes an assessment that the individual presents a danger to himself or herself or to another, regardless of whether he or she is receiving treatment for that illness

text: 17.	Not be under a court order of legal incapacity in this State or elsewhere

text: 18.	Not be detrimental to the safety of his or her self or any other person

text: - As issued by the Michigan State Police "Concealed Pistol License Guide"  RI-012  (02/2009)

text: A pistol is subject to immediate seizure if the CPL permit holder is carrying a concealed pistol in a "pistol-free" area.  Open carry with a CPL in state defined "pistol-free" areas is legal.  Please refer to Michigan AG opinion No. 7097 and Michigan State Police Legal Update #86.

text: An individual licensed to carry a concealed pistol who is stopped by a police officer (traffic stop or otherwise) while in possession of a concealed pistol shall immediately disclose to the police officer that he or she is carrying a concealed pistol either on their person or in their motor vehicle.[24]

text: On March 29, 2001, per Administrative Order 2001-1 of the Michigan Supreme Court: "Weapons are not permitted in any courtroom, office, or other space used for official court business or by judicial employees unless the chief judge or other person designated by the chief judge has given prior approval consistent with the court's written policy."[25]

text: There are few places where open carry is expressly prohibited by federal or state law.  Discharging a firearm remains illegal in many cities and charter townships (and such an ordinance is not preempted by state law).[26] In addition, there are laws regulating how firearms may be transported in motor vehicles, which must be followed. By its express terms, the criminal prohibition in section 227(2) does not apply to a person licensed to carry a pistol, provided that the pistol is carried in a manner or place consistent with any restriction upon that license. This conclusion is further supported by section 425c(2) of the Concealed Pistol Licensing Act, MCL 28.425c(2), which expressly authorizes a concealed pistol licensee to "[c]arry a pistol in a vehicle, whether concealed or not concealed, anywhere in this state." Moreover, section 231a(1)(a) of the Penal Code, MCL 750.231a(1)(a), provides that the prohibition against carrying a concealed pistol in a motor vehicle does not apply to a person holding a valid license to carry a concealed pistol, provided that the pistol is carried in conformity with any restrictions appearing on the license. A person who is not licensed to carry a concealed pistol must keep the pistol either in a box that can be locked and safely stored in the trunk out of arms reach or if however the motor vehicle does not have a trunk, the pistol must then be safely placed in a box that is specifically designed to carry a firearm in-which can be locked in present view, or with its specified holster unloaded with the pistol itself in present view and magazine separated having one or the other, or both locked in the glove compartment and or furthest in the back seat out of arms reach.

text: No one is allowed to bring a firearm, concealed or openly, onto the property of a correctional facility, under a law prohibiting weapons that could help prisoners escape.[27] If someone who is carrying openly, who is not on their own private property, puts a coat on over his firearm or otherwise hides it, even temporarily, and he or she does not have a concealed pistol license, he or she has committed the felony crime of carrying a concealed weapon without a license. The Michigan Attorney General has released an opinion stating that open carry is not considered reasonable suspicion of a crime,[28] but there are no Michigan court decisions definitively ruling on this point.  In addition, the Michigan Attorney General has released an opinion that "a reserve police officer" who carries a visible, holstered pistol is neither brandishing it nor disturbing the peace.[29] Michigan formerly did not allow ownership of NFA firearms, though the Attorney General has issued an opinion, 7183, that allows machine guns to be legally-transferred to Michigan residents who comply with federal laws.  A 2011 opinion by Attorney General Bill Schuette allows the possession and transfer of suppressors in Michigan.[30]  Armor-piercing ammunition for handguns is illegal in Michigan.

text: Michigan prohibits the possession of tasers or stun guns by private citizens, unless they have a concealed pistol licence, and have taken the proper taser safety course.