document_title: Small intestine

question_text: where does most absorption occur in the small intestine

root

text: Small intestine

text: Structure[edit]

text: Size[edit]

text: The length of the small intestine can vary greatly, from as short as 2.75 m (9.0 ft) to as long as 10.49 m (34.4 ft).[3] The average length in a living person is 3m-5m.[4][5] The length depends both on how tall the person is and how the length is measured.[3] Taller people generally have a longer small intestine and measurements are generally longer after death and when the bowel is empty.[3]

tag: p

text: It is approximately 1.5 cm in diameter in newborns after 35 weeks of gestational age,[6] and 2.5–3 cm (1 inch) in diameter in adults. On abdominal X-rays, the small intestine is considered to be abnormally dilated when the diameter exceeds 3cm.[7][8] On CT scans, a diameter of over 2.5 cm is considered abnormally dilated.[7][9] The surface area of the human small intestinal mucosa, due to enlargement caused by folds, villi and microvilli, averages 30 square meters.[10]

text: Parts[edit]

text: The small intestine is divided into three structural parts.

text:
The duodenum is a short structure (about 20–25 cm long) shaped like a "C".[11] It surrounds the head of the pancreas. It receives gastric chyme from the stomach, together with digestive juices from the pancreas (digestive enzymes) and the liver (bile). The digestive enzymes break down proteins and bile and emulsify fats into micelles. The duodenum contains Brunner's glands, which produce a mucus-rich alkaline secretion containing bicarbonate. These secretions, in combination with bicarbonate from the pancreas, neutralize the stomach acids contained in gastric chyme.
The jejunum is the midsection of the small intestine, connecting the duodenum to the ileum. It is about 2.5 m long, and contains the plicae circulares, and villi that increase its surface area. Products of digestion (sugars, amino acids, and fatty acids) are absorbed into the bloodstream here. The suspensory muscle of duodenum marks the division between the duodenum and the jejunum.
The ileum: The final section of the small intestine. It is about 3 m long, and contains villi similar to the jejunum. It absorbs mainly vitamin B12 and bile acids, as well as any other remaining nutrients. The ileum joins to the cecum of the large intestine at the ileocecal junction.

tag: ul

text: The jejunum and ileum are suspended in the abdominal cavity by mesentery. The mesentery is part of the peritoneum. Arteries, veins, lymph vessels and nerves travel within the mesentery.[12]

text: Blood supply[edit]

text: The small intestine receives a blood supply from the coeliac trunk and the superior mesenteric artery. These are both branches of the aorta. The duodenum receives blood from the coeliac trunk via the superior pancreaticoduodenal artery and from the superior mesenteric artery via the inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery. These two arteries both have anterior and posterior branches that meet in the midline and anastomose. The jejunum and ileum receive blood from the superior mesenteric artery.[13] Branches of the superior mesenteric artery form a series of arches within the mesentery known as arterial arcades, which may be several layers deep. Straight blood vessels known as vasa recta travel from the arcades closest to the ileum and jejunum to the organs themselves.[13]

text: Histology[edit]

text: The three sections of the small intestine look similar to each other at a microscopic level, but there are some important differences. The parts of the intestine are as follows:

text:
Layer
Duodenum
Jejunum
Ileum

Serosa
1st part serosa, 2nd–4th adventitia
Normal
Normal

Muscularis externa
Longitudinal and circular layers, with Auerbach's (myenteric) plexus in between
Same as duodenum
Same as duodenum

Submucosa
Brunner's glands and Meissner's (submucosal) plexus
No BG
No BG

Mucosa: muscularis mucosae
Normal
Normal
Normal

Mucosa: lamina propria
No PP
No PP
Peyer's patches

Mucosa: intestinal epithelium
Simple columnar. Contains goblet cells, Paneth cells
Similar to duodenum
 ?

tag: table

text: Development[edit]

text: The small intestine develops from the midgut of the primitive gut tube.[14] By the fifth week of embryological life, the ileum begins to grow longer at a very fast rate, forming a U-shaped fold called the primary intestinal loop. The loop grows so fast in length that it outgrows the abdomen and protrudes through the umbilicus. By week 10, the loop retracts back into the abdomen. Between weeks six and ten the small intestine rotates anticlockwise, as viewed from the front of the embryo. It rotates a further 180 degrees after it has moved back into the abdomen. This process creates the twisted shape of the large intestine.[14]

text: Function[edit]

text: Food from the stomach is allowed into the duodenum through the pylorus by a muscle called the pyloric sphincter.

text: Digestion[edit]

text: The small intestine is where most chemical digestion takes place. Many of the digestive enzymes that act in the small intestine are secreted by the pancreas and liver and enter the small intestine via the pancreatic duct. Pancreatic enzymes and bile from the gallbladder enter the small intestine in response to the hormone cholecystokinin, which is produced in the small intestine in response to the presence of nutrients. Secretin, another hormone produced in the small intestine, causes additional effects on the pancreas, where it promotes the release of bicarbonate into the duodenum in order to neutralize the potentially harmful acid coming from the stomach.

text: The three major classes of nutrients that undergo digestion are proteins, lipids (fats) and carbohydrates:

text:
Proteins are degraded into small peptides and amino acids before absorption.[15] Chemical breakdown begins in the stomach and continues in the small intestine. Proteolytic enzymes, including trypsin and chymotrypsin, are secreted by the pancreas and cleave proteins into smaller peptides. Carboxypeptidase, which is a pancreatic brush border enzyme, splits one amino acid at a time. Aminopeptidase and dipeptidase free the end amino acid products.
Lipids (fats) are degraded into fatty acids and glycerol. Pancreatic lipase breaks down triglycerides into free fatty acids and monoglycerides. Pancreatic lipase works with the help of the salts from the bile secreted by the liver and stored in the gall bladder. Bile salts attach to triglycerides to help emulsify them, which aids access by pancreatic lipase. This occurs because the lipase is water-soluble but the fatty triglycerides are hydrophobic and tend to orient towards each other and away from the watery intestinal surroundings. The bile salts emulsify the triglycerides in the watery surroundings until the lipase can break them into the smaller components that are able to enter the villi for absorption.
Some carbohydrates are degraded into simple sugars, or monosaccharides (e.g., glucose). Pancreatic amylase breaks down some carbohydrates (notably starch) into oligosaccharides. Other carbohydrates pass undigested into the large intestine and further handling by intestinal bacteria. Brush border enzymes take over from there. The most important brush border enzymes are dextrinase and glucoamylase, which further break down oligosaccharides. Other brush border enzymes are maltase, sucrase and lactase. Lactase is absent in some adult humans and, for them, lactose, like most poly-saccharides, is not digested in the small intestine. Some carbohydrates, such as cellulose, are not digested at all, despite being made of multiple glucose units. This is because the cellulose is made out of beta-glucose, making the inter-monosaccharidal bindings different from the ones present in starch, which consists of alpha-glucose. Humans lack the enzyme for splitting the beta-glucose-bonds, something reserved for herbivores and bacteria from the large intestine.

text: Absorption[edit]

text: Digested food is now able to pass into the blood vessels in the wall of the intestine through either diffusion or active transport. The small intestine is the site where most of the nutrients from ingested food are absorbed. The inner wall, or mucosa, of the small intestine is lined with simple columnar epithelial tissue. Structurally, the mucosa is covered in wrinkles or folds called plicae circulares, which are considered permanent features in the wall of the organ. They are distinct from rugae which are considered non-permanent or temporary allowing for distention and contraction. From the plicae circulares project microscopic finger-like pieces of tissue called villi (Latin for "shaggy hair"). The individual epithelial cells also have finger-like projections known as microvilli. The functions of the plicae circulares, the villi, and the microvilli are to increase the amount of surface area available for the absorption of nutrients, and to limit the loss of said nutrients to intestinal fauna.

text: Each villus has a network of capillaries and fine lymphatic vessels called lacteals close to its surface. The epithelial cells of the villi transport nutrients from the lumen of the intestine into these capillaries (amino acids and carbohydrates) and lacteals (lipids). The absorbed substances are transported via the blood vessels to different organs of the body where they are used to build complex substances such as the proteins required by our body. The material that remains undigested and unabsorbed passes into the large intestine.

text: Absorption of the majority of nutrients takes place in the jejunum, with the following notable exceptions:

text:
Iron is absorbed in the duodenum.
Vitamin B12 and bile salts are absorbed in the terminal ileum.
Water and lipids are absorbed by passive diffusion throughout the small intestine.
Sodium bicarbonate is absorbed by active transport and glucose and amino acid co-transport.
Fructose is absorbed by facilitated diffusion.

text: Immunological[edit]

text: The small intestine supports the body's immune system.[16] The presence of gut flora appears to contribute positively to the host's immune system. Peyer's patches, located within the ileum of the small intestine, are an important part of the digestive tract's local immune system. They are part of the lymphatic system, and provide a site for antigens from potentially harmful bacteria or other microorganisms in the digestive tract to be sampled, and subsequently presented to the immune system.[17]

text: Gene and protein expression[edit]

text: About 20,000 protein coding genes are expressed in human cells and 70 % of these genes are expressed in the normal duodenum.[18][19] Some 300 of these genes are more specifically expressed in the duodenum with very few genes expressed only in the small intestine. The corresponding specific proteins are expressed in glandular cells of the mucosa, such as fatty acid binding protein FABP6. Most of the more specifically expressed genes in the small intestine are also expressed in the duodenum, for example FABP2 and the DEFA6 protein expressed in secretory granules of Paneth cells.[20]

text: Clinical significance[edit]

text: The small intestine is a complex organ, and as such, there are a very large number of possible conditions that may affect the function of the small bowel. A few of them are listed below, some of which are common, with up to 10% of people being affected at some time in their lives, while others are vanishingly rare.

text:
Small intestine obstruction or obstructive disorders

Paralytic ileus
Volvulus
Hernia
Intussusception
Adhesions
Obstruction from external pressure
Obstruction by masses in the lumen (foreign bodies, bezoar, gallstones)

Infectious diseases

Giardiasis
Ascariasis
Tropical sprue
Tape worm (Diphyllobothrium latum, Taenia solium, Hymenolepsis nana)
Hookworm (e.g. Necator americanus, Ancylostoma duodenale)
Nematodes (e.g. Ascaris lumbricoides)
Other Protozoa (e.g. Cryptosporidium parvum, Cyclospora, Microsporidia, Entamoeba histolytica)
Bacterial infections

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli
Salmonella enterica
Campylobacter
Shigella
Yersinia
Clostridium difficile (antibiotic-associated colitis, Pseudomembranous colitis)
Mycobacterium (Mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis, disseminated Mycobacterium tuberculosis)
Whipple's disease
Vibrio (cholera)
Enteric (typhoid) fever (Salmonella enterica var. typhii) and paratyphoid fever
Bacillus cereus
Clostridium perfringens (gas gangrene)

Viral infections

Rotavirus
Norovirus
Astrovirus
Adenovirus
Calicivirus

Neoplasms (cancers)

Adenocarcinoma
Carcinoid
Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST)
Lymphoma
Sarcoma
Leiomyoma
Metastatic tumors, especially SCLC or melanoma

Developmental, congenital or genetic conditions

Duodenal (intestinal) atresia
Hirschsprung's disease
Meckel's diverticulum
Pyloric stenosis
Pancreas divisum
Ectopic pancreas
Enteric duplication cyst
Situs inversus
Cystic fibrosis
Malrotation
Persistent urachus
Omphalocele
Gastroschisis
Disaccharidase (lactase) deficiencies
Primary bile acid malabsorption
Gardner syndrome
Familial adenomatous polyposis syndrome (FAP)

Other conditions

Crohn's disease, and the more general inflammatory bowel disease
Typhlitis (neutropenic colitis in the immunosuppressed
Coeliac disease (sprue or non-tropical sprue)
Mesenteric ischemia
Embolus or thrombus of the superior mesenteric artery or the superior mesenteric vein
Arteriovenous malformation
Gastric dumping syndrome
Irritable bowel syndrome
Duodenal (peptic) ulcers
Gastrointestinal perforation
Hyperthyroidism
Diverticulitis
Radiation enterocolitis
Mesenteric cysts
Peritoneal Infection
Sclerosing retroperitonitis
Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth

text: Other animals[edit]

text: The small intestine is found in all tetrapods and also in teleosts, although its form and length vary enormously between species. In teleosts, it is relatively short, typically around one and a half times the length of the fish's body. It commonly has a number of pyloric caeca, small pouch-like structures along its length that help to increase the overall surface area of the organ for digesting food. There is no ileocaecal valve in teleosts, with the boundary between the small intestine and the rectum being marked only by the end of the digestive epitheliu [21]

text: In tetrapods, the ileocaecal valve is always present, opening into the colon. The length of the small intestine is typically longer in tetrapods than in teleosts, but is especially so in herbivores, as well as in mammals and birds, which have a higher metabolic rate than amphibians or reptiles. The lining of the small intestine includes microscopic folds to increase its surface area in all vertebrates, but only in mammals do these develop into true villi.[21]

text: The boundaries between the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum are somewhat vague even in humans, and such distinctions are either ignored when discussing the anatomy of other animals, or are essentially arbitrary.[21]

text: There is no small intestine as such in non-teleost fish, such as sharks, sturgeons, and lungfish. Instead, the digestive part of the gut forms a spiral intestine, connecting the stomach to the rectum. In this type of gut, the intestine itself is relatively straight, but has a long fold running along the inner surface in a spiral fashion, sometimes for dozens of turns. This valve greatly increases both the surface area and the effective length of the intestine. The lining of the spiral intestine is similar to that of the small intestine in teleosts and non-mammalian tetrapods.[21]

text: In lampreys, the spiral valve is extremely small, possibly because their diet requires little digestion. Hagfish have no spiral valve at all, with digestion occurring for almost the entire length of the intestine, which is not subdivided into different regions.[21]

text: Society and culture[edit]

text: In traditional Chinese medicine, the small intestine is a yang organ.[22]

text: Additional images[edit]

text:
Small intestine in situ, greater omentum folded upwards.

Third state of the development of the intestinal canal and peritoneum, seen from in front (diagrammatic). The mode of preparation is the same as in Fig 400

Second stage of development of the intestinal canal and peritoneum, seen from in front (diagrammatic). The liver has been removed and the two layers of the ventral mesogastrium (lesser omentum) have been cut. The vessels are represented in black and the peritoneum in the reddish tint.

First stage of the development of the intestinal canal and the peritoneum, seen from the side (diagrammatic). From colon 1 the ascending and transverse colon will be formed and from colon 2 the descending and sigmoid colons and the rectum.


document_title: Home (Daughtry song)

question_text: who sings the song i'm going home

question_tokens: who sings the song i 'm going home

text: Home (Daughtry song)

text: Music video[edit]

text: The video for "Home" was filmed in downtown Greensboro, North Carolina (Chris Daughtry's hometown) on March 23, 2007. The video consists mostly of the live performance of the song during the band's free concert in Greensboro, which was filmed at night and features shining green light effects during the performance. The video also focuses on several of the estimated 24,000 fans in attendance at the concert. Scenes of this are intercut with various experiences the band has had on tour, such as showing the band backstage, on the tour bus, signing autographs, and just hanging out and having a good time.

text: Critical reception[edit]

text: Chuck Taylor, with Billboard, called the single an "anthemic rock power ballad".[2]

text: On December 6, 2007, "Home" was nominated for Best Pop Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal for the 50th Annual Grammy Awards.

text: This song was number 75 on MTV Asia's list of Top 100 Hits of 2007.[3]

text: On January 8, 2008, it won the People's Choice Award for "Favorite Rock Song".[4]

text: Commercial reception[edit]

text: "Home" charted on the Hot 100 weeks before its release as a single, and became the band's second top-five single on the chart, peaking at number five. The song topped both the Billboard Adult Top 40 and the Adult Contemporary charts, spending ten consecutive weeks at number one on the Adult Top 40 ("It's Not Over" spent nine weeks at number one on the chart), as well as becoming the band's first number one on the AC chart, where it spent ten non-consecutive weeks at the top. The song became an unexpected hit on the Christian charts as well, reaching number twelve on the Hot Christian Songs chart. It was also a top five hit on the Canadian Hot 100. The song has sold 2,012,000 digital downloads,[5] and the single was certified Platinum by the RIAA in late January 2008.

text: Live performances[edit]

text: Daughtry performed the song on the sixth season finale of American Idol in May 2007.

text: Charts[edit]

text: Weekly charts[edit]

text:
Chart (2007)
Peak
position

Canada (Canadian Hot 100)[6]
5

Netherlands (Dutch Top 40)[7]
18

New Zealand (Recorded Music NZ)[8]
23

Sweden (Sverigetopplistan)[9]
52

UK Singles (Official Charts Company)[10]
190

US Billboard Hot 100[11]
5

US Adult Contemporary (Billboard)[12]
1

US Adult Top 40 (Billboard)[13]
1

US Christian Songs (Billboard)[14]
12

US Mainstream Top 40 (Billboard)[15]
3

text: Year-end charts[edit]

text:
Charts (2007)
Position

US Billboard Hot 100[16]
25

US Adult Contemporary (Billboard)[17]
5

US Adult Pop Songs (Billboard)[18]
3

US Christian Songs (Billboard)[19]
23

US Digital Songs (Billboard)[20]
39

US Radio Songs (Billboard)[21]
15

Charts (2008)
Position

US Adult Contemporary (Billboard)[22]
11

text: Release history[edit]

text: "Home" was confirmed as the second main single from the album in a New York Times article.[23] In the UK, the song was released on January 7, 2008, as the first single from the album ("It's Not Over" was originally going to be the first single there, but its UK release was canceled at the last minute[citation needed]).

text:
Region
Date
Label

United States
April 10, 2007 (2007-04-10)
RCA Records

United Kingdom
January 8, 2008 (2008-01-08)

text: Kian Egan version[edit]

text:
"Home"

Single by Kian Egan

from the album Home

Released
February 10, 2014 (2014-02-10)

Genre
Pop

Length
3:45

Label
Rhino

Songwriter(s)
Chris Daughtry

Producer(s)
Brian Rawling

Kian Egan singles chronology

"Home"
(2014)
"I'll Be"
(2014)

"Home"
(2014)
"I'll Be"
(2014)

Music video

Home on YouTube

text: "Home" was covered by Irish musician Kian Egan, who is best known as a former member of the boy band Westlife. It was the first single from Egan's debut album with the same name. The song had its first Irish airplay on Ryan Tubridy's show on RTÉ 2fm on February 10. Egan said: "I've always absolutely loved this song. It means so much to me to be able to perform it, and for it to be the first track from my solo album is an incredible privilege.[24]

text: Background and production[edit]

text: Egan said, "It's not very well known on this side of the world, I don't think. It was a massive hit in America a few years ago for a band called Daughtry. The reason why this was chosen was that it struck a nerve with me every time I was listening to my iPhone or my iPod. It feels right. It sounds the way I want it to sound for people to hear me for the first time. That's the other thing for me, an awful lot of people have never heard me sing a full song, they've heard snippets here and there. For me it was really important to have a song that I was really feel happy with and how I sounded on and it stood out for me so that's why we decided to go with it. I went into studio and I cut loads of songs and this one stood out from the start."[25]

text: Crtitical reception[edit]

text: Brendon Veevers of RenowenedforSound.com stated that "Chris Daughtry-penned title track and while the original was a country-fuelled rocker for the American Idol chart-toppers, Egan delivers his version of the number with an equal amount of gusto as he swings his vocals around a rich production full of Americana influenced guitar riffs and a spectacular orchestral arrangement that provides the spine to the power-ballad quality of the track."[26] Wynona Grant of FortitudeMagazine.co.uk describe the song as "a good, upbeat tune. Flourishes of electric guitar is a definite step up from expectations."[27] EntertainmentNow.tv describe the song "million miles away from Westlife’s sound, but the rockier edge and guitar work are enough to make it distinctive."[28] "Egan’s raspy vocals fit the song brilliantly, and his Irish tone makes for a perfect radio friendly hit. The track itself is a great choice for Kian, who admits he doesn’t want to stray too far from Westlife’s sound, but he does like rock music and guitars. The result is a polished track which wouldn’t sound out of place on BBC Radio 2 (no bad thing)."[29]

text: Music video[edit]

text: Sharing the photo online, Kian Egan commented: "Shooting my first video today. Pretty mad. Here's a little photo to give you an idea of what it looks like." In the early hours, he also told his followers: "I can't believe I'm still awake. Up since 3.30am and I'm shooting the video for #Home tomorrow. God I need to turn my brain off! Night all x." Kian teased fans by sharing a picture taken during his album photo shoot.[30] In the music video, the handsome star sports designer stubble and casual clothing for the laid-back ballad as he sings lyrics such as 'I'm going home, to the place where I belong.' Kian wears a dark navy jacket and a simple jumper and jeans throughout the video as clips from his famous stint on I'm A Celebrity play on the wall as well as a shot of his wife, Jodi Albert. The backdrop has a warehouse feel with spotligthts and a comfortable looking brown leather sofa. At the end of the video, Egan gazes as images of his wife and child throughout the video.[31]

text: Track listing[edit]

text: Digital download[32]

text: "Home" – 3:45

tag: ol

text: Promotional CD single[33]

text:
"Home" (radio mix)
"Home" (album version)

text: Chart performance[edit]

text:
Chart (2014)
Peak
position

Ireland (IRMA)[34]
89

UK Singles (Official Charts Company)[35]
156

UK Airplay Top 200
28

Euro Airplay Top 200
177

text: Appearances in the media and covers[edit]

text: "Home" was chosen to replace Daniel Powter's "Bad Day" as the farewell song on the sixth season of American Idol in 2007.[36] The song was played every time a contestant (with the exception of Phil Stacey) was voted off.

text: "Home" was played on the TV series Criminal Minds in the Season 3 episode "About Face," (original airdate October 31, 2007) as the FBI profilers successfully rescued a woman at the conclusion of the episode.

text: Alvin and the Chipmunks released a cover of "Home" for their 2008 album Undeniable.

text: "Home" was included in the soundtrack listing of the movie Wanderlust.

text: Kian Egan's version of "Home" was included in a compilation album Top Hits.[37]

text: "Home" was used as the second season theme music for the Hallmark Channel Original Series Chesapeake Shores.


document_title: List of the largest fast food restaurant chains

question_text: what is the largest fast food restaurant chain in the world

text: This is the list of the largest fast food restaurant chains by their number of locations in the world.

text:
Name
Number of locations
Revenue

1

Subway
44,229[1]
 US$69.99 billion (2015)[2]

2

McDonald's
36,900[3]
 US$25.413 billion (2015)[4]

3

Starbucks
25,085[5]
 US$ 5.24 billion[6][7]

4

KFC
20,404[8]
US$23 billion (2013)

5

Burger King
15,000+ [9]

6

Domino's Pizza
14,200[10]

7

Pizza Hut
13,728 [11]

8

Dunkin' Donuts
11,300[12]

9

Baskin-Robbins
7300[13]

10

Hunt Brothers Pizza
7300[14]

11

Taco Bell
6500[15]

12

Wendy's
6490 [16]

13

Hardee's
5812[17]

14

Orange Julius
5700[18]

15

Sibylla
5000+[19]

16

Dairy Queen
4800[20]

17

Little Caesars
4800[21]

18

Papa John's Pizza
4700+[22]

19

Tim Hortons
4590[23]

20

CNHLS
4000[24]

21

Sonic Drive-In
3526[25]

22

Costa
3407

23

Arby's
3342[26]

24

Jollibee
3000+[27]
US$2.185 billion (FY 2016)[28]

25

Jimmy John's
2522[29]

26

Jack in the Box
2267[30]

27

Ting Hsin International Group
2160[31]

28

Chick-fil-A
2100+[32]

29

Applebee's
2033[33]

30

Panera Bread
2024

31

Chipotle Mexican Grill
2010[34]

32

Dicos
2000+[35]

33

Pelicana Chicken
2000+[36]

34

Popeyes Louisiana Kitchen
2000[37]

35

Shanghai Shihao
2000[38]

36

Panda Express
1900[39]

37

Sukiya
1856[40]

38

Pala Hamburger
1850[41]

39

Chester's International
1800+[42]

40

MOS Burger
1730[43]

41

Denny's
1700[44]

42

Church's Chicken
1700[45]

43

IHOP
1650[46]

44

WingStreet
1600~[47]

45

Chili's
1580[48]

46

Café Coffee Day
1556[49]
US$ 230 million (2015)

47

Auntie Anne's
1500+[50]
US$230 million (2015)

48

Carl's Jr.
1500+[51]

49

Five Guys
1500+[52]

50

Quiznos
1500[53]

51

Papa Murphy's
1425[54]

52

LEM hamburger
1401[55]

53

Ichibanya
1268[56]

54

Long John Silver's
1200+[57]

55

Buffalo Wild Wings
1175[58]

56

Firehouse Subs
1030[59]

57

Kebab Turki Baba Rafi
1030 [60]

58

Telepizza
1025[61]

59

Krispy Kreme
1003[62]

60

Bob's
1000+[63]

61

Jersey Mike's Subs
1000[64]

62

Nando's
1000[65]

63

Chooks-to-Go
1000~[66]

64

Kennedy Fried Chicken
1000[67]

65

Häagen-Dazs
900[68]

66

Jamba Juice
849[69]

67

BreadTalk
836[70]

68

85C Bakery Cafe
800+[71]

69

Sbarro
800+[72]

70

Zaxby's
800+[73]

71

A&W
800[74]

72

Blimpie
790[75]

73

Checkers and Rally's
784[76]

74

Cinnabon
750+[77]

75

Whataburger
735[78]

76

Southern Fried Chicken
700+[79]

77

Wingstop
650[80]

78

Einstein Bros. Bagels
649[81]

79

Bojangles' Famous Chicken 'n Biscuits
600+[82]

80

Moe's Southwest Grill
600+[83]

81

Pizza Pizza
600+[84]

82

Qdoba Mexican Eats
600+[85]

83

Rita's Italian Ice
600+[86]

84

Smoothie King
600+[87]

85

Chuck E. Cheese's
590[88]

86

Pita Pit
588[89]

87

Kungfu
566[90]

88

Del Taco
547[91]

89

Steak 'n Shake
544[92]

90

Culver's
527[93]

91

Steers
525[94]

92

Captain D's
520[95]

93

Da Niang Dumpling
514[96]

94

Brioche Dorée
500+[97]

95

Charley's Grilled Subs
500+[98]

96

Round Table Pizza
500+[99]

97

Shakey's
500+[100]

98

CiCi's Pizza
500[101]

99

Country Style
490[102]

100

Habib's
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document_title: Starburst (confectionery)

question_text: who wrote opal fruits made to make your mouth water

text: Starburst (confectionery)

text: History[edit]

text: The brand was introduced by Mars in the UK in 1960, named Opal Fruits by Peter Phillips (known as Peter Pfeffer at the time), the winner of a competition that won him £5.[3] The four original flavours were strawberry, lemon, orange, and lime. Opal Fruits were introduced in the United States in 1967[3] as M&M's Fruit Chewies and later, in the late 1960s, Starburst. Originally, Starburst came in the same flavours as Opal Fruits. Subsequently, its first variant, Sunshine Flavors, was released and was later renamed "Tropical Opal Fruits". In Europe, lemon and lime were combined to become "Lemon and lime" to make room for a blackcurrant flavour.

text: The brand name Opal Fruits was phased out in the UK, followed by Ireland in 1998 in order to standardize the product in a globalised marketplace.[4] In 2008, the supermarket chain Asda revived the original Opal Fruits in the UK for a period of 12 weeks starting 10 May 2008.[5]  On 6 October 2008 Mars acquired Wrigley,[6] and it transferred Mars' non-chocolate candy brands, including Starburst, to the Wrigley subsidiary.[7] The original flavours are now branded "Original Fruits", and Starburst now comes in several assortments: Limited Edition Retro Fruits, Tropical, Baja California, Sour, Strawberry Mix, Berries & Creme, Very Berry and Fruity Slushies. Among the additional flavors are Strawberry Lemonade Chill, Citrus Slush, Cherry Splash, Blue Raspberry Rush Kiwi, Banana, Plum, Blueberry, Passion Fruit, Blackberry, Raspberry, Strawberry-Banana, Mango, Melon, Tropical Punch, Green Apple, Blue Raspberry, Watermelon, Mixed Berries & Cream, Peaches & Cream, Orange Cream, and Strawberry & Cream. Europe and the United States also has the "Sour" assortment, which includes Apple, Cherry, Pineapple and Raspberry, as well as Strawberry Mix. As of early 2010 it was decided that Strawberry was the most popular flavor in the United Kingdom. Lime is also very popular within this demand.

text: Starburst in the UK is vegan, its packaging and website clearly stating "Suitable for Vegetarians", and also does not contain any artificial colors or flavors.[8] In the US, Starburst contains non-vegetarian gelatin in its ingredients.

text: Lime Starburst made a comeback in 2007 as a limited-edition "retro" flavour in packages of the "Baja" version, while the range in the UK was further extended with a version named Starburst Choozers. These lozenge shaped chews have a liquid fruit juice centre, and come packaged with the tag line "The chews that ooze." Each packet contains three flavours; Orange & Mango, Raspberry & Orange, and Pineapple & Orange.

text: As of August 2016, the advertising slogan for Starburst is "Unexplainably Juicy".[3]

text: Marketing[edit]

text: In the 1970s Opal Fruits were well known in the UK for their advertising tag line "Opal Fruits—made to make your mouth water!" (slogan coined by Murray Walker[9]). The full advertising jingle was "Opal Fruits—made to make your mouth water/Fresh with the tang of citrus/four refreshing fruit flavours/orange, lemon, strawberry, lime/Opal Fruits—made to make your mouth water!"

text: Starburst has been marketed in several ways, including a marketing tie-in for the movie Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Man's Chest where they replaced Kiwi Banana and Tropical Punch with Royal Berry Punch.

text: In 2007 a commercial for Starburst's Berries and Creme flavor went viral.[10] The commercial, referred to as "Berries and Creme" or as "The Little Lad Dance", stars Jack Ferver as a man dressed in Victorian/Georgian clothing expressing his excitement for the candy's flavor by performing an impromptu song and dance routine.[11] The commercial received praise for its style from Advertising Age.[12][13] In an interview with Adweek Ferver commented that the commercial took over twelve hours to film and that he had to wear the full costume in 80 degree weather.[14]

text: Other varieties[edit]

text: Starburst also exists in the form of jellybeans, lollipops, gummies, hard candy, candy canes, candy corn, popsicles, gum, and lip gloss (the latter in a partnership with Lip Smackers).


document_title: Transformers: The Last Knight

question_text: who is the actress in the new transformer movie

text: Transformers: The Last Knight

text: Plot[edit]

text: In 484 AD, King Arthur and his knights struggle in a battle against the Saxons. Meanwhile, Merlin begs for help from the Knights of Iacon, a group of twelve Transformers who have hidden on Earth. They give Merlin an alien staff and combine themselves into a huge dragon to help Arthur triumph over the Saxons, but not before warning Merlin that a great evil will one day come for the staff.

text: In the present, three years after the Hong Kong battle, the Transformers are declared outlaws by all governments on Earth, to which the Transformer Reaction Force (TRF) is formed from the fallen Cemetery Wind to eradicate the alien robots, despite more Transformers continuously arriving on Earth. All the while, enormous metallic horns begin to rise from different parts of the world. In a part of war-torn Chicago, a group of children find a ship with a knight inside before being caught by a TRF drone. Izabella, a survivor of the Battle of Chicago, saves the children along with her Transformers companions Sqweeks and Canopy. The drone mistakes Canopy for a Decepticon and kills him before Bumblebee and Cade Yeager (who are also being hunted by the TRF) arrive and help the children, Izabella, and Sqweeks escape from the drones. While fending off the TRF, Cade finds the knight in the ship, who attaches a talisman to his arm. The Decepticon Barricade observes this act and reports the discovery to Megatron. Cade then returns to his junkyard in South Dakota (with Izabella and Sqweeks hitching a ride with him) where the remaining Autobots are hiding from the TRF, including Bumblebee, Hound, Drift, Crosshairs, Wheelie, Grimlock, Slug, Daytrader, Trench, and three Mini-Dinobots.

text: In deep space, Optimus Prime crash-lands on Cybertron, discovering that it is heading directly for Earth. He encounters Quintessa, the self-proclaimed creator of the Transformers, who brainwashes Optimus and renames him Nemesis Prime. Quintessa charges him with recovering the staff from the Knights who stole it from her. Earth, she reveals, is actually Cybertron’s ancient enemy Unicron and she intends to drain its life force using the staff, so that Cybertron can be restored.

text: TRF member and former Autobot ally William Lennox brokers a deal between the TRF and Megatron so he can find Cade and recover the talisman. In exchange, Megatron demands the release of a squad of Decepticons, including Nitro Zeus, Dreadbot, Mohawk, and Onslaught (Megatron tries to get Berserker, but they won't let him because he is far too dangerous). Megatron and the TRF locate Cade, his coworker Jimmy, Izabella, Sqweeks, and the Autobots thanks to a tracker planted on Bumblebee during the fight in Chicago. They flee to an abandoned town where they discover Bumblebee's tracking device. In the ensuing battle, Dreadbot, Onslaught, Mohawk, and several TRF soldiers are killed by Grimlock, Slug, Crosshairs, Drift, and Bumblebee. As a result, Megatron, Nitro Zeus, and Barricade are forced to retreat. While fighting off TRF drones, Cade is approached by Cogman, a Transformer envoy who takes him and Bumblebee to England to meet his master, Sir Edmund Burton. There, Burton arranges a meeting between Cade and Viviane Wembly, an Oxford professor, who had just been kidnapped by the Autobot Hot Rod under Burton's orders. Burton introduces himself as the last living member of the "Witwiccan" order, an ancient brotherhood dedicated to guarding the secret history of Transformers on Earth. He also reveals that Viviane is Merlin’s last descendant and that she must find and use his staff to prevent the impending destruction of Earth by Cybertron.

text: After fleeing from the TRF, Barricade, and the police (causing many car accidents along the way), Cade, Viviane, Bumblebee, and Cogman follow the clues left by Viviane’s father and take the museum submarine HMS Alliance (after Burton shuts down the attraction and evicts the tourists) into the sea to find the Cybertronian Knights' sunken ship while the TRF pursue them with submarines of their own. Burton meets with the Prime Minister to engage the military at Stonehenge, which he deduces is the access point to Unicron. In the ship, Cade and Vivian discover the tomb of Merlin and the staff. Viviane activates the staff, and the ship rises to the surface. The TRF confronts the group and attempts to take the staff from them before a mind-controlled Optimus intervenes and forces them to hand over the staff. Bumblebee chases after Optimus and the two Autobots fight each other. Before Optimus can kill Bumblebee, the mute Autobot finally speaks, freeing Optimus from Quintessa’s control. Megatron, revealed to be conspiring with Quintessa and unhappy with Optimus's failure, arrives to steal the staff and flees while the Knights attack Optimus for his presumed betrayal. Cade stops the Knights with the talisman, which transformed into the sword Excalibur, and the Knights yield to Cade as the last Knight. He then urges Optimus to fight for Earth once more.

text: As Cybertron anchors itself to Earth, Megatron, Nitro Zeus, and Barricade deliver the staff to Quintessa, who begins draining the life force of Earth from Unicron. Burton and the British military intervene, and Megatron shoots Burton, who dies with Cogman at his side. The Autobots arrive to join the fight with the TRF, Cade, Viviane, Izabella, and Sqweeks, landing on Cybertron and battling against Megatron and Quintessa’s minions, the Infernocons. Vanquishing their foes with help from the Knights as the dragon, the Autobots reach the chamber where the staff and Quintessa are. Optimus defeats Megatron by kicking him through the Ignition Chamber's wall, sending him flying to Earth, while Bumblebee kills Nitro Zeus. Together, Optimus and Bumblebee seemingly kill Quintessa. Viviane removes the staff, stopping Cybertron's destruction of Earth but leaving both worlds connected. Optimus declares that humans and Transformers must now work together to rebuild their worlds and sends a message calling any surviving Autobots to come home.

text: In a mid-credits scene, scientists inspect one of Unicron's horns in a desert. Quintessa, who has survived and is disguised as a human, arrives and offers them a way to destroy Unicron.

text: Cast[edit]

text: Humans[edit]

text:
Mark Wahlberg as Cade Yeager, a single father and inventor, who helped the Autobots during the events of Age of Extinction.
Josh Duhamel as William Lennox, a former NEST commander and U.S. Army Ranger captain, who partnered with the Autobots prior to the events of Age of Extinction, and now a U.S. Army Colonel and reluctant member of the Transformer Reaction Force (TRF).
Laura Haddock as Viviane Wembly, a Professor of English Literature at the University of Oxford and a polo player, who turns out to be a descendant of Merlin.[12][13][14] Minti Gorne portrays a younger Viviane.
Isabela Moner as Izabella, a street-wise tomboy who was orphaned with Sqweeks and Canopy, her only friends, until meeting Cade.[15][16]
Anthony Hopkins as Sir Edmund Burton, 12th Earl of Folgan, an astronomer and historian who knows about the history of the Transformers on Earth.[17][18][19]
Jerrod Carmichael as Jimmy, a young man from South Dakota whom Cade hired through a want ad.[20]
Santiago Cabrera as Santos, a former Delta Force operative and commander of the TRF, who seeks to eradicate every Transformer and their human allies regardless of faction.[21][22][13][23]
John Turturro as Seymour Simmons, a former government agent with Sector Seven and NEST turned successful writer who hides out in Cuba, and was allied with the Autobots prior to the events of Age of Extinction.[24]
Glenn Morshower as General Morshower, the director of NEST in Revenge of the Fallen and Dark of the Moon who now supervises TRF operations.
Stanley Tucci as Merlin, King Arthur's wizard and Viviane's ancestor.[25] Tucci was originally reported to be reprising his role as Joshua Joyce from Age of Extinction.[26]
Liam Garrigan as King Arthur, the legendary knight who first fought with the Knights of Iacon.[27]

text: Additionally, Mitch Pileggi,[28]Tony Hale, and Gil Birmingham appear as a TRF group leader, a JPL engineer, and Chief Sherman, respectively. Nicola Peltz has a vocal cameo as Tessa Yeager, Cade's daughter, who helped the Autobots during the events of Age of Extinction,[29] while Sam Witwicky's photograph is seen in Burton's mansion.[30] Tyrese Gibson was cast to return as Robert Epps, but was unable to appear in the film due to scheduling conflicts with The Fate of the Furious.[31]

text: Transformers[edit]

text: Autobots[edit]

text:
Peter Cullen voices Optimus Prime, the leader of the Autobots, who transforms into a blue and red 2014 Western Star 5700 Custom semi-trailer truck while searching for the truth about his Creators.[32]
Erik Aadahl voices Bumblebee, an Autobot scout and Optimus Prime's second-in-command, who transforms into a custom-built yellow and black 2016 Chevrolet Camaro.[33][34]
Jim Carter voices Cogman, a polite sociopathic, human-sized headmaster who serves as the faithful butler to Sir Edmund Burton, and while despite not even having a larger robot mode, he transforms into an Aston Martin DB11 in the toyline.[35][36][37][38][39]
Omar Sy voices Hot Rod, an Autobot who transforms into a Citroën DS, before upgrading into a 2017 Lamborghini Centenario LP770-4. He is brother-in-arms with Bumblebee and speaks in a thick French accent.[40][35][41]
Ken Watanabe voices Drift, a Samurai-motif Autobot tactician and former Decepticon who transforms into a black and red 2017 Mercedes-AMG GT R.[42]
John Goodman voices Hound, a trigger-happy Autobot commando and field medic who transforms into an olive green Mercedes-Benz Unimog military tactical ambulance.[43]
John DiMaggio voices Crosshairs, a cocky Autobot paratrooper and sniper who transforms into a green and black 2016 Chevrolet Corvette C7 Stingray, equipped with a custom split-spoiler. His ego lends him a misplaced belief in his future command of the Autobots. [44]
Reno Wilson voices Sqweeks, a small Autobot and Izabella's closest friend who can't transform and only says "Chihuahua" due to prior damage.[45]
Tom Kenny voices Wheelie, a former Decepticon turned Autobot who survived the Chicago battle in Dark of the Moon, and transforms into a blue monster truck toy.
Steve Buscemi voices Daytrader, a Cybertronian scavenger who transforms into a cloaked rusty Mercedes-Benz LK Model 1920 dump truck.[46] He is held in disregard by the Autobots for being annoying despite his skill in finding good material.
Steven Barr voices Topspin, an Autobot Wrecker who resides in Cuba with Simmons that once transformed into a #48 Hendrick Motorsports Lowe's/Kobalt car. In the film he is credited as "Volleybot" and grew a metallic beard that resembles his fallen comrade, Leadfoot.
Mark Ryan voices "Bulldog", an Autobot veteran of World War I and World War II, and a sentry for Burton's castle, who transforms into an army Mark IV tank and suffers from 'robot dementia'.[47]

text: Frank Welker voices Canopy, an Autobot refugee and a friend of Izabella who camouflages into a shielding pile of rubble.[48] Additionally, an elderly Autobot that transforms into a Hawker Hurricane fighter plane cameos at Burton's castle, whose voice actor is also uncredited. A Transformer who turns into the HMS Alliance appears, though not seen in robot mode. Trench, an Autobot who resembles the Construction Scrapper and transforms into an excavator, makes a cameo at Cade's junkyard. A picture of Ironhide is seen in Burton's castle.

text: Dinobots[edit]

text:
Grimlock, the leader of the Dinobots, who transforms into a mechanical horned, fire-breathing Tyrannosaurus.[13]
Slug, the savage Dinobot destroyer who transforms into a mechanical spiked and bestial Triceratops.[49]
Mini-Dinobots, the Mini versions of Grimlock, Slug, and Strafe.[50]

text: Decepticons[edit]

text:
Frank Welker voices Megatron, the reborn leader of the Decepticons, who possessed a KSI Drone in Age of Extinction and transforms into a Cybertronian jet.[51][52]
John DiMaggio and Steven Barr both voice Nitro Zeus, a Decepticon hunter who transforms into an JAS 39 Gripen Fighter Jet.[53]
Jess Harnell voices Barricade, a Decepticon scout who survived the Chicago War in Dark of the Moon. He transforms into a 2016 Ford Mustang police car, featuring a new robot mode.[54]
Reno Wilson voices Mohawk, a Decepticon foot soldier who transforms into a Confederate P51 Combat Fighter Motorcycle.[55]
Dreadbot, a Decepticon thug who transforms into a rusty Volkswagen Type 2.[56][57]

text: Uncredited actors both voice Onslaught, a Decepticon tactician who transforms into a green Western Star 4900SF tow truck,[58][53] and Berserker, a monstrous Decepticon commando who transforms into a Chevy Tahoe emergency vehicle,[53] each speaking only a single line. Starscream's severed head is shown being boasted by Daytrader, and later held by Megatron. In Sir Edmund Burton's castle, a picture of Shockwave is seen; both Shockwave and Soundwave are briefly mentioned by Viviane.

text: Others[edit]

text:
Gemma Chan as Quintessa, a Cybertronian Sorceress and the true leader of the Decepticons who wants to destroy "Unicron" and rebuild Cybertron.[59]
Various uncredited actors voice the Knights of Iacon, a group of twelve Cybertronian Knights who protects the Staff and merge to form the three-headed dragon, Dragonstorm. They include Dragonicus, Stormreign, Steelbane, and Skullitron.[60]
Infernocons, Quintessa's demon-like guardians who combine to form Infernocus.[59]
Unicron, a giant planet-destroying Transformer who is mentioned at various points throughout the film; six of his mechanical horns are seen on Earth.

text: Production[edit]

text: Development[edit]

text: In March 2015, Deadline.com reported that Paramount Pictures was in talks with Oscar winner Akiva Goldsman (A Beautiful Mind) to pitch new ideas for the Transformers franchise's future installments. The studio intends to do what James Cameron and 20th Century Fox have been doing in planning three Avatar sequels, and what Disney has done to revive Star Wars, with sequels and spin-offs. Paramount wants to have their own cinematic universe for Transformers, similar to Marvel's/Disney's Marvel Cinematic Universe (which had been one of Paramount's previous film series), and DC Comics/Warner Bros.' DC Extended Universe. Goldsman is the head of the future projects, and worked with franchise director Michael Bay, executive producer Steven Spielberg, and producer Lorenzo di Bonaventura to organize a "writers' room" that incubates ideas for potential Transformers sequels, prequels and spin-offs. The writers' room members include: Christina Hodson, Lindsey Beer, Andrew Barrer, and Gabriel Ferrari (Ant-Man), Robert Kirkman (The Walking Dead), Art Marcum & Matt Holloway, Zak Penn (Pacific Rim: Uprising), Jeff Pinkner (The Amazing Spider-Man 2), Ken Nolan, and Geneva Robertson-Dworet.[61] Kirkman left the room after just one day to undergo throat surgery.[62] In July 2015, Akiva Goldsman and Jeff Pinkner were announced as the fifth Transformers film's screenwriters.[63] However, on November 20, due to Goldsman's commitments creating a writers' room for G.I. Joe and Micronauts properties, Paramount began to negotiate with Art Marcum and Matt Holloway (Iron Man), as well as Ken Nolan (Black Hawk Down), to write the film. Lindsey Beer and Geneva Robertson-Dworet were also brought aboard for writing duties.[64]

text:
"I think I brought the concern to the movie studio and certainly to the writers. Perhaps...Transformers 5 and 6 movies will go back more to its roots. There was an occasion where one line [in Transformers: Age of Extinction] which Optimus Prime had, I did not want to say. It was my gut instinct and certainly my commitment to the character... not to say the line. But I was told to say. You can't fight the big boys. I think you all know what that line was."

 — Peter Cullen on a question from a fan on the future of the franchise from Sac-Anime 2015[65]

tag: div

text: After Transformers: Age of Extinction, Bay had decided not to direct any future Transformers films. But in early January 2016, in an interview with Rolling Stone, he stated that he would return to direct the fifth film, and that it will be his last Transformers film.[66] Paramount Pictures spent $80 million on production in Michigan, in return for $21 million in state incentives, under agreements entered into before the state legislature eliminated the film office incentive program in July 2015.[67] In April 2016, Paramount hired cinematographer Jonathan Sela.[68] On May 17, Bay revealed the official title of the film to be The Last Knight on his Instagram account, where he also posted a production video showing a close-up of Optimus Prime's face with purple eyes instead of blue, and his face mostly discolored.[69] The official Twitter account showed a 19-second short video in morse code that translates to "I'm coming for you May 31".[70] On May 31, it was revealed that Megatron would return in the sequel.[51]

text: Casting[edit]

text: In December 2014, Mark Wahlberg confirmed that he would return in the sequel.[71] In February 2016, there were casting calls for new lead and supporting roles in Los Angeles and London, and Peter Cullen was announced as returning to voice Optimus Prime.[72] Approximately 850 cast and crew were hired, 450 of whom were Michigan residents, equating to 228 full-time positions.[73] Additionally, 700 extras were hired from among Detroit residents, as part of Paramount's incentive deal with the state.[74] On April 13, TheWrap reported that Isabela Moner was in talks to star as Izabella.[15] The site also reported that Bay was eyeing Jean Dujardin, Stephen Merchant, and Jerrod Carmichael for supporting roles.[75][76] On May 17, 2016, it was confirmed that Josh Duhamel would reprise his role in the film, and Jerrod Carmichael was cast.[77][20] In June 2016, Anthony Hopkins, Mitch Pileggi, Santiago Cabrera, and Laura Haddock joined the cast, and Tyrese Gibson stated that he will return as Robert Epps.[78][79][28][12][17] In August 2016, Liam Garrigan was confirmed to play King Arthur, a different version from his role as the same character on the television series Once Upon a Time.[27] On September 4, 2016, Stanley Tucci confirmed his return.[26] On October 14, 2016, Bay announced that John Turturro would reprise his role as Seymour Simmons from the first three films, and that John Goodman would return to voice Hound.[24] A month before the film's release, Bay revealed that the character Cogman would be voiced by Downton Abbey actor Jim Carter, at the request of co-writer Matt Holloway, who is a fan of the series.[37] On June 9, 2017, Reno Wilson confirmed via Twitter that he would have a voice role in the film.[80] On June 16, 2017, Gibson revealed that despite closing a deal for the film, he was unable to appear as Epps due to scheduling conflicts with The Fate of the Furious.[31]

text: Filming[edit]

text: Principal photography began on May 25, 2016, in Havana, Cuba, with a few scenes shot by a "small team".[81][82][83] Filming continued on June 6, 2016, in Phoenix, Arizona, and on June 19, 2016, in Detroit, Michigan, under the working title E75,[72][73][84] with additional filming taking place in Chicago, Illinois.[85] In Detroit, filming took place in the Michigan Motion Pictures Studio, Packard Plant, Michigan Central Station, Cafe D'Mongo's Speakeasy, and MGM Grand Detroit.[86] Production moved to Europe on August 21, and filming commenced on August 22 in Scotland and Wales. In England, filming took place in North Yorkshire, Newcastle upon Tyne, Northumberland, London, Gosport and Stonehenge. Between August and October, filming occurred in Ireland, and Preikestolen, Trolltunga and Atlanterhavsveien in Norway.[87][88][89]

text: In early September 2016, filming took place in Alnwick Castle in Alnwick Northumberland in England, including car chase scenes.[90] Production continued at St Aidan's Church, Seahouses, where Walhberg spent an hour inside the church and reportedly donated £200. Rev Father Des McGiven said: "I didn't even know he was in church until he left. One of my parishioners, Danielle Love, recognised him and explained who he was. It's great that we had him in for the service, and we appreciate his generosity towards our church." Car chases were also filmed at the monument area of Newcastle upon Tyne, where Josh Duhamel was filming, while Wahlberg and Sir Anthony Hopkins continued at Alnwick, Seahouses and the Bamburgh Region of Northumberland.[91] In late September 2016, filming was spotted in Gosport, Hampshire at the Royal Navy Submarine Museum. On October 5, 2016 filming was spotted at St Bartholomew-the-Great, London. London filming wrapped on October 27, 2016.[92] Principal photography wrapped on December 4, 2016.[93]

text: Effects[edit]

text: As with previous Transformers installments, Industrial Light & Magic served as the main visual effects company for Transformers: The Last Knight. In early 2016, the company showed Bay an underwater rendering of a crash-landed alien spaceship and a new dump-truck Transformer with a cloak.[66]

text: Music[edit]

text: On September 27, it was confirmed that Steve Jablonsky would return to write the score, having composed the music for the first four films. The score was released digitally on the film's original release date, Friday June 23, 2017, and a limited-edition two-disc CD set of 3,000 units will be released by La-La Land Records on July 11, 2017. Unlike the previous films' scores, which contained anywhere from fourteen to twenty-three tracks, the film's soundtrack contains thirty-four tracks, amounting to over two hours of music.

text: On the score, Jablonsky said, "I met with Michael before he started shooting 'Transformers: The Last Knight.' He showed me some amazing concept art and explained how the story connects the history of Transformers all the way back to the times of King Arthur and the Knights of the Round Table. I loved the idea because it gave me the opportunity to explore new musical ideas. The storyline allowed me to write melodies that are a bit more 'classical' than I've written for the other Transformers films, which was a lot of fun for me. Another important aspect of the story revolves around massive skyscraper-sized 'horns from hell' that start emerging from the Earth. They look like gigantic animal horns, but no one knows what they are or why they have appeared. I wanted to create an unsettling sense of mystery and tension with the music."The film also featured the song Torches by X Ambassadors. [94]

text: Release[edit]

text: Transformers: The Last Knight was released on June 21, 2017, after being moved up from its original June 23 release date.[95][96][97] The teaser trailer of the film was released on December 5, 2016, and was later attached to Rogue One.[98]

text: Marketing[edit]

text: The first teaser trailer aired on Monday, December 5, during ESPN's Monday Night Football, and was released online shortly thereafter. With 24 hours of its release, the trailer garnered a record-breaking 93.6 million views from social media platforms, such as Facebook, YouTube, Twitter and Instagram, making it the third-highest-viewed trailer of 2016, falling behind Disney's Beauty and the Beast remake (127.6 million views) and Universal's Fifty Shades Darker (114 million views in 24 hours), but surpassing Marvel Studios' Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2 trailer, which scored 81 million views in its first 24 hours online.[99] Following the trailer's release, the film trended on all major social media sites, including YouTube, Facebook, Twitter, and Reddit. It was Weibo's No. 1 trending topic in China, where the preview was viewed 16 million times its first day of release.[100] Television spots for the filmed started airing ahead of the Super Bowl spot on February 3, 2017. An extended TV spot for the Super Bowl aired during Super Bowl LI, on February 5, 2017.[101] On March 11, 2017, a new TV spot and clip were shown at Nickelodeon's 2017 Kids' Choice Awards. A new trailer aired with the release of Beauty and the Beast on March 17, 2017, while the third trailer was released on April 13, 2017.[102] The international trailer was released on May 17th, 2017, and a smaller trailer was released shortly after, on June 4, 2017. After that, various TV spots were released.

text: Home media[edit]

text: Transformers: The Last Knight was released on Digital HD on September 12, 2017, and on DVD and Blu-Ray on September 26, 2017. An extended version of the film is rumored to be released very soon, but this is just a demand of fans around the world. It said that the film's running time will be 189 minutes, but there is NO word from Paramount, Hasbro, and Michael Bay on if there will be an extended version released on home media. <[103][104]

text: Reception[edit]

text: Box office[edit]

text: Transformers: The Last Knight grossed $130.17 million in the United States and Canada and $475.25 million in other territories for a worldwide total of $605.42 million, against a production budget of $217 million.[9]

text: In North America, The Last Knight was originally projected to gross $70–75 million from 4,069 theaters over its first five days, which would have been the lowest debut of the franchise.[105] However, after the film grossed a franchise-low $15.7 million on its first day (including $5.5 million from Tuesday night previews), opening estimates were lowered to $60–65 million. On Thursday, it grossed $8.1 million, potentially dropping the five-day debut to under $60 million.[106] It ended up having an opening weekend of $45.3 million, the lowest debut of the franchise by $25 million (and lowest since the first film's $70.5 million). The film's five-day gross of $68.4 million was also lower than every three-day opening of the previous four films.[107] The film grossed $16.9 million in its second weekend, dropping 62.2% and finishing third at the box office,[108] and $6.4 million in its third, dropping an identical 62.2% and finishing 5th.[109]

text: Internationally, The Last Knight opened in its first 42 foreign territories alongside its United States debut, including major markets China, the UK, Russia, Australia, Germany, Italy, South Korea and Hong Kong, and was projected to have an opening of $167–200 million.[5][6] Due to its predecessor's success in China, expectations were high for the film in the country. Box office observers and trackers believed the film would open to $80–100 million,[6] and end its run there with anywhere between $290[110] to $400 million.[111] The film ended up having a global debut of $265.3 million ($196.2 million from overseas), including $123.4 million from China, representing 63% of the film's foreign opening. In the film's second week in China, it fell 76% and had a running cume of $147.6 million.[112] As of August 6, 2017[update], the film's largest markets outside North America are: China ($228.84 million), South Korea ($19.24 million), Russia ($15.89 million), Germany ($15.42 million), Mexico ($15.33 million), U.K. ($12.19 million), Brazil ($13.70 million), Indonesia ($11.71 million), Japan ($15.69 million) and France ($10.99 million). In India, the film was given an adult certificate and, hence, it was not successful at the Indian box office (4.87 million) as compared to Age of Extinction (10.23 million) and other Transformers movies (3.01 million TF1, 2.80 million ROTF, 6.88 million DOTM).[113]

text: Critical response[edit]

text: On Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 15% based on 194 reviews and an average rating of 3.3/10. The site's critical consensus reads, "Cacophonous, thinly plotted, and boasting state-of-the-art special effects, The Last Knight is pretty much what you'd expect from the fifth installment of the Transformers franchise."[114] On Metacritic, the film has a score of 28 out of 100 based on 46 critics, indicating "generally unfavorable reviews".[115] Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "B+" on an A+ to F scale.[116]

text: Mike Ryan of Uproxx gave the film a negative review, criticizing its running time and incoherent plot, writing: "I have no proof Transformers: The Last Knight will kill your brain cells, but I wouldn’t be surprised to learn that it does and I’d proceed with caution just in case. But I can say with absolute certainty that after watching, your head will hurt."[117] Alonso Duralde of TheWrap was also critical of the film's sloppiness, saying, "...fear not, fans of the franchise: if you’re here for the director’s trademark chaos editing (where fights go from points A to D to Q), toxic masculinity (and female objectification), comedy scenes rendered tragic (and vice versa), and general full-volume confusion, you’ll get all those things in abundance."[118]

text: Peter Travers of Rolling Stone gave a rare zero-star review to the film (as he did to the previous films), saying "Every time Michael Bay directs another Transformers abomination (this is the fifth), the movies die a little. This one makes the summer's other blockbuster misfires look like masterpieces."[119]

text: Variety gave the film a lukewarm review stating, "The fifth time may not quite be the charm, but the latest entry in Michael Bay's crunched-metal robot-war mega-series is badder, and therefore better."[120]

text: The New Yorker acknowledged the film's flaws but noted there was almost something impressive about them, saying: "The absolute tastelessness of Bay’s images, their stultifying service to platitudes and to merchandise, doesn’t at all diminish their wildly imaginative power."[121]Times Of India gave the movie 2.5 stars out of 5 stars.

text: Controversy[edit]

text: On September 21, 2016, shooting for a particular scene took place in Blenheim Palace, Woodstock, Oxfordshire in England, the home of Sir Winston Churchill, the British Prime Minister during World War II. The mansion was dressed as a Nazi swastika-draped headquarters for Adolf Hitler for filming. This evoked both anger and criticism for being "symbolically disrespectful to Churchill", according to Colonel Richard Kemp, who said Churchill "will be turning in his grave",[122] while Tony Hayes of the UK Veterans Association stated that surviving World War II ex-servicemen and women would be "appalled".[123] Churchill's grandson and British Parliament member Sir Nicholas Soames dismissed the controversy entirely, stating, "They’ve no idea what my grandfather would have thought!"[124] Churchill was buried less than a mile away, at St Martin's Church, Bladon.[125]

text: Sequel and spin-off[edit]

text: A spin-off/prequel, entitled Bumblebee which stars Hailee Steinfeld and John Cena is set for release on December 21, 2018. The movie's working title is 'Brighton Falls' and will wrap up shooting in November 2017, while a direct sequel to The Last Knight, the yet-to-be-titled Transformers 6, which may feature Unicron and Primus, is set to be released on June 28, 2019.[95][126][11]


document_title: Bristol 410

question_text: what type of car does inspector lynley drive

text: Bristol 410

text:
Bristol 410

Overview

Manufacturer
Bristol Cars

Production
1968–1969
82 produced

Body and chassis

Class
Sport saloon

Layout
FR layout

Chronology

Predecessor
Bristol 409

Successor
Bristol 411

text: The Bristol 410 was the fourth series of Chrysler V8-engined models from British manufacturer Bristol Cars. It was the last Bristol to use the 5.2-litre (318 cubic-inch) engine originally found in the Bristol 407.

text: With the 410, Bristol aimed for a more aerodynamic approach than that found on their previous five series dating back to the 405. The styling improvements were relatively minor but every one of them was aimed to make for a more curved appearance. The most noteworthy change was that the front headlamps were fully faired into the wings of the car rather than protruding outwards as on previous models.[1]

text: As in every Bristol saloon since the 404, a compartment accessed via a hinged panel between the front of the driver's door and the rear of the front wheel arch housed the battery, fuse panel, windscreen wiper motor and brake servos.[2] A similar panel on the other side of the car housed the spare wheel and jack.[2]

text: There were also 15 inch wheels as against the 16 inch size found on previous Bristols, and the disc braking system dating back to the 406 was revised for the first time since then, with a greatly updated system of braking circuits being introduced.

text: Internally, Bristol, like Chrysler before them, by then had felt that the safety problems of push-button automatic transmission were too difficult to counter and thus they shifted to a more conventional lever mounted between the two front seats.[3]

text: The 410 was the Bristol model featured in the Inspector Lynley television series.[4]


document_title: List of Disney's Sleeping Beauty characters

question_text: what's the name of the prince in sleeping beauty

question_tokens: what 's the name of the prince in sleeping beauty

text: Princess Aurora/Briar Rose/Sleeping Beauty[edit]

text: Princess Aurora is the title character of the film. After Maleficent curses her when she is only a baby, Aurora is taken to the woods by Flora, Fauna, and Merryweather, where her name is changed to Briar Rose to conceal her identity from Maleficent. Aurora is the third official Disney Princess.

text: Later in the story, the three good fairies are preparing for her birthday when they plan to surprise her with the news that she is a princess. But when Princess Aurora renamed Briar Rose returns with the news of meeting a handsome and enchanting man, the fairies must tell her she can never see him again; like Aurora, they do not know who he really is. The three fairies tell her about the future that is set for her and that night they take her back to the castle. Aurora is saddened that she will never see the man from the forest and breaks into tears. The three fairies exit the room they secretly entered so as to let the princess have a few moments alone. Aurora suddenly sees a floating spark of light cast by Maleficent and, in a trance, follows the spark through the back of the fireplace and up a staircase to an abandoned empty room to a spinning wheel that was conjured up. The three good fairies try to stop her, but Aurora touches the spindle and falls to the floor, unconscious. She is put in a bed by the fairies where she can sleep peacefully within the highest tower.

text: Aurora was later awakened by Prince Phillip's kiss of true love, which finally broke the curse. She also learned that her love and her betrothed were exactly the same person. During the movie's final scenes, Aurora and Phillip dance.

text: Maleficent[edit]

text: Maleficent is the "Mistress of All Evil" who, after not being invited to a christening, curses the infant Princess Aurora to "prick her finger on the spindle of a spinning wheel and die" before the sun sets on her sixteenth birthday. Merryweather was able to weaken the curse though by changing it from death into sleep.

text: The night when Aurora returned to her father's castle, the moment Aurora was alone, she seized the chance to lure her into touching a spindle of a spinning wheel. Despite the efforts of the three good fairies, she succeeded in fulfilling her curse. She then proceeded to trap Prince Phillip and lock him in her dungeon. However, the three good fairies free Phillip after she left him. Upon learning of this from her pet raven, who got turned to stone in the process by Merryweather, she tried to stop him with a series of lightning bolts, but failed. She went as far as conjuring a forest of thorns, but Phillip easily cut his way to the gate. With no other choice, she flew to the gate of King Stefan's castle and turned into a huge dragon to battle the prince herself. Despite pushing Phillip to the edge of a cliff, Phillip threw his Sword of Truth, which was blessed by the three good fairies' magic, and struck Maleficent directly in the heart, and it was more than enough to kill her. All that was left of her was a black and purple mess on the ground, with the sword still embedded in it as it blackens.

text: Flora, Fauna and Merryweather[edit]

text: Flora, Fauna and Merryweather are the good fairy godmothers. They are based on the good fairies appearing in the original French fairy tale and various retellings. Like their fairy tale counterparts, Flora, Fauna and Merryweather appear at baby Aurora's christening to present their gifts to the newborn Princess Aurora. Their wings are very small. They use their magical powers to help both Princess Aurora and Prince Phillip.

text: Prince Phillip[edit]

text:
Prince PhillipFirst appearance
Sleeping Beauty (1959)Portrayed by
Brenton Thwaites (Maleficent)Harris Dickinson (Maleficent II)Voiced by
Bill Shirley (original film) Roger Craig Smith (Disney Princess Enchanted Tales) Josh Robert Thompson (Kingdom Hearts Birth by Sleep)

text: Prince Phillip is Aurora's true love, voiced by Bill Shirley. Phillip is based on the prince from the original French fairy tale that appears a hundred years after the princess is put to sleep by Maleficent's curse, having heard the story of the sleeping princess, and entered the castle. He trembled upon seeing the princess's beauty and fell on his knees before her. He kissed her, then she woke up, and then everyone lived happily ever after. Unlike The Prince from Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs and Prince Charming from Cinderella, Phillip was the first prince in Disney theatrical animated features to be given a proper name and a full character.

text: At Aurora's birth, it was said that Phillip would marry the princess, the daughter of his father's best friend. A young Phillip presents a gift to the infant Aurora at her christening, but is less than impressed when he sees her. The event is interrupted by Maleficent, who appears and curses Aurora, causing the Three Good Fairies to take Aurora into the forest to raise her. Years later, Phillip is riding in the forest and hears Aurora, now known as Briar Rose, singing. He follows her voice and starts singing with her. She tries to run away, but he follows her. By the end of the song, they have fallen in love. However, Aurora realizes she is disobeying her "aunts" and leaves, but not before telling Phillip she will be celebrating her birthday at her cottage in the middle of the forest. After being captured by Maleficent and thrown into her dungeon after arriving at Briar Rose's home, the Three Good Fairies rescue him so that he in turn can save Aurora. Phillip escapes Maleficent's castle and is the target of Maleficent's fury, who hurls lightning bolts (and later conjures a forest of thorns) at him. At the gates of the castle, Phillip battles Maleficent, who has turned into a dragon. Phillip is victorious and slays Maleficent with the Sword of Truth. He kisses Aurora and she wakes up. They then go downstairs, arm in arm, and share a dance after Aurora meets her parents.

text: In Disney Princess Enchanted Tales: Follow Your Dreams, Phillip is one of the characters from Sleeping Beauty to make an appearance, now voiced by Roger Craig Smith. At the beginning of the "Keys to the Kingdom" segment, Phillip is set to leave the kingdom along with his father and Aurora's parents for two days for a Royal Conference, leaving Aurora to reign over it in their absence. Before departing, Phillip encourages Aurora to do a good job while in charge of the kingdom and tells her to look at the brightest star at night, as he will be doing the same. Phillip returns at the end of the segment and is part of the celebration for Aurora's duty.

text: Phillip also appears in Disney/Square's Kingdom Hearts Birth by Sleep in his homeworld, "Enchanted Dominion". He is voiced by Josh Robert Thompson. Phillip plays a very similar role to that of the original film, meeting Aurora at the forest and singing along with her. Later, Phillip fights along with Aqua, an original character from the video game, in the battle against Maleficent's goons, and Maleficent in her dragon form. Phillip defeats Maleficent with his sword; however, unlike the film, Maleficent is not killed, but merely weakened to the point that she reverts to her first form. Phillip goes on to kiss Aurora and break Maleficent's spell on her. In the original Kingdom Hearts, Enchanted Dominion has been swallowed by the Heartless, and Phillip himself has disappeared, but is presumably restored after Sora defeats "Ansem" at the end of the game.

text: Phillip is one of the many Disney characters that appear in the TV series Disney's House of Mouse. He also appears in theme-parks and live events. Phillip is featured in the "Disney Heroes" franchise, a toyline similar but much less successful than the Disney Princess franchise. Phillip and Maleficent in dragon form appear in stylized versions, somehow different from their regular appearance.[1]

text: A live-action version of Prince Phillip appeared in Disney's live-action film Maleficent, portrayed by Brenton Thwaites. In this interpretation, Phillip is sent by his father, King John of Ulstead, to King Stefan's castle on a business matter, but encounters Aurora along the way. Although they do not marry in the end, their relationship is left with the potential to become something deeper. In Maleficent II, Harris Dickinson will portray Phillip since Thwaites was unable to reprise the role due to scheduling conflicts.[2]

text: King Stefan[edit]

text: This section does not cite any sources. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (August 2011) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

text:
King StefanFirst appearance
Sleeping Beauty (1959)Portrayed by
Sharlto Copley (Maleficent)Voiced by
Taylor Holmes (original film) Corey Burton (Disney Princess Enchanted Tales)

text: King Stefan is Aurora's father, voiced by Taylor Holmes in his last role. The film begins with a description of his kingdom and his marriage, and how happy he and his wife, Queen Leah, were with the birth of their daughter. A celebration is organized to present Aurora to the kingdom and Stefan's best friend, King Hubert, is invited. At the celebration, Aurora is betrothed to Hubert's son, Prince Phillip. The evil fairy Maleficent then makes her appearance and curses Aurora to die before her sixteenth birthday by pricking her finger on the spindle of a spinning wheel in retribution for not being invited to celebration. King Stefan decrees all spinning wheels in the kingdom burned, but Flora, Fauna and Merryweather know that this is not enough to stop Maleficent, so they ask for permission from King Stefan and his wife, the Queen Leah, to take Aurora with them and hide them until her sixteenth birthday. The narrator suggests that the following years were of sadness for Stefan and his kingdom due to Aurora's absence.

text: King Stefan next appears as the sixteen years have passed, preparing everything for the return of his daughter, and discussing with Hubert the future of their kingdoms and their children. King Stefan wishes for Aurora and Phillip to get to know each other before they get married, unlike King Hubert who already has their children's new castle made and ready for them to move in after the celebration of Aurora's return. King Stefan is next seen waiting with the whole kingdom for Aurora's arrival, unaware that she has already pricked her finger, until the fairies put everyone to sleep. King Stefan later wakes up at the end of the film, just in time to meet his daughter Aurora and watching her dancing with Prince Phillip.

text: In Disney Princess Enchanted Tales: Follow Your Dreams, King Stefan, now voiced by Corey Burton, departs with Queen Leah, King Hubert and Prince Phillip to a Royal Conference, leaving her daughter Aurora in charge of the kingdom. He is next seen just as he is about to enter the castle, warned by a duke warns him to not enter the hall as it is filled with animals, a situation that is solved by Aurora just before Stefan enters the hall. He attends the celebration organized by Aurora at the end.

text: In the Disney's live-action film Maleficent, King Stefan is portrayed by Sharlto Copley. Growing up as an orphaned farm boy, Stefan became Maleficent's childhood companion, but his desire to become king resulted in him betraying Maleficent's trust; cutting her wings off to win the dying King Henry's favour. Due in part to his daughter Aurora's curse and his vindictive drive to kill Maleficent at any cost, King Stefan is shown to be extremely ruthless and paranoid in general, as opposed to the character's wise and kind personality in the original film.

text: Queen Leah[edit]

text:
Queen LeahFirst appearance
Sleeping Beauty (1959)Portrayed by
Hannah New (Maleficent) Judith Maxie (Descendants)Voiced by
Verna Felton (original film) Barbara Dirikson (Disney Princess Enchanted Tales)

text: Queen Leah and her husband are the monarchs of an unnamed kingdom, in medieval Europe. After many years of marriage she gives birth to a beautiful baby daughter which she and her husband name Aurora. Her happiness is ill-fated when Maleficent, who wasn't invited, curses her daughter. Devastated, she has to see her daughter taken away by the fairies in order to protect her. Sixteen years later she is waiting the return of her daughter, but when Aurora touches the spindle, the Queen and the entire kingdom are put in a sleep by the good Fairies. When Maleficent is defeated and Aurora awakened by Phillip, she awakens, and finally meets her daughter, whom she embraces and cries tears of happiness when she sees her.

text: In the short segment, Stefan, Leah, Hubert, and Phillip all go off on a royal ceremony where Hubert is due to give a speech. Trusting their daughter, Stefan and Leah give Aurora the "keys to the kingdom" while they're away.

text: In Disney's live-action film Maleficent, Queen Leah - under the name of "Queen Leila" - was portrayed by Hannah New. She is the only daughter of the ruthless King Henry, King Stefan's predecessor. She remains loyal to her father by becoming Stefan's wife and later bearing his child. She would soon witness Maleficent, her husband's former friend whom he had betrayed, place a curse on her daughter Aurora. During the course of the film, she becomes gravelly ill and eventually dies. Stefan shows no grief over her death as he has become paranoid and obsessed with killing Maleficent.

text: Queen Leah also briefly appears in the Disney Channel Original Movie Descendants. She meets Mal, daughter of Maleficent, and blames her for Maleficent's actions. She then is seen at the coronation holding on to her granddaughter Audrey after they got frozen Maleficent.

text: King Hubert[edit]

text:
King HubertFirst appearance
Sleeping Beauty (1959)Voiced by
Bill Thompson (original film) Jeff Bennett (Disney Princess Enchanted Tales)

text: King Hubert is Phillip's father, voiced by Bill Thompson. King Hubert and his best friend, King Stefan, had betrothed their children to marry each other when the time comes, so that their kingdoms remain forever united. He is invited to Aurora's christening and witnesses Maleficent cursing Aurora. Though the baby princess Aurora is taken away by Flora, Fauna and Merryweather, the betrothal remains the same. Hubert is next seen as sixteen years have passed and Stefan is preparing the celebration for Aurora's return. King Hubert and King Stefan are talking about their children and their kingdoms when the conversation almost results in a fight until both kings realize they are about to fight for no reason. The scene is interrupted by Phillip's arrival. Prince Phillip tells his father that he has met a young woman in the forest and that he will marry her, against his father's will. Unbeknownst to Hubert, this young woman is Aurora under the disguise of "Briar Rose", the fake identity the fairies have given her to protect her from Maleficent. King Hubert is enraged at his son for even entertaining the notion of marrying a peasant girl, but Phillip, somewhat humorously says to his father royalty must start considering new ideas, for "it is the 14th Century, after all". Dismayed at failing to dissuade his son from his expected betrothal, Hubert proceeds to tell King Stefan the bad news. During these events, Maleficent's curse has been fulfilled and Aurora has fallen into a deep sleep, so the fairies decide to put everyone else asleep. Just as he is falling asleep, King Hubert is telling an already sleeping King Stefan that Phillip is in love with a peasant girl, which makes Flora realize that it was Phillip whom Aurora met in the forest. King Hubert wakes up at the end of the film, resuming his conversation with King Stefan and is about to tell him that Phillip loves a peasant girl when Aurora and Phillip are seen coming down the hall staircase, which leaves Hubert confused but satisfied.

text: King Hubert is one of the characters from Sleeping Beauty that return in Disney Princess Enchanted Tales: Follow Your Dreams, now voiced by Jeff Bennett. He attends a Royal Conference along with Prince Phillip, King Stefan and Queen Leah, in which King Hubert is due to give a speech. However, King Hubert realizes he has forgotten his speech at King Stefan's castle only when he is already at the Royal Conference. King Hubert tries to find it everywhere until the fairies arrive and deliver him his speech. Hubert is next seen at the end of the film, attending a meal organized by Aurora.

text: Diablo the Raven/Diaval[edit]

text: Diablo is Maleficent's pet raven. The source of his name is not clear as he is never named in the film. Diablo is present at Aurora's christening, during which Maleficent curses the baby. When Maleficent's goons inform their mistress that they have spent sixteen years searching for a baby, she sends Diablo to look for Aurora. Diablo flies over the forest looking for any sign of the princess until he discovers the cottage where she is living with the fairies due to some magic caused by Flora and Merryweather. After informing his mistress, Diablo joins Maleficent as she and the goons capture Phillip in the cottage, and notices the fairies' presence in the Forbidden Mountain while Maleficent is unaware of it. Diablo later discovers that Phillip has escaped with the fairies' aid, and commands the goons to stop them from leaving the mountain. Merryweather returns and chases Diablo round Maleficent's tower until she turns him into a stone raven, but the raven was able to attract attention to Maleficent who learned about his fate and the escaping Prince Phillip. He was voiced by Dal McKennon in the original film and is currently voiced by Sam Riley.

text: Diablo plays small but vital roles in the Kingdom Hearts series: First in Kingdom Hearts II where he carried Maleficent's cloak into Yen Sid's tower to ensure her revival, and then Kingdom Hearts: Dream Drop Distance to deliver a message to Mickey.

text: Portrayed by Sam Riley in the live-action film Maleficent, Diaval is introduced as a raven whom Maleficent saved to be her servant. Throughout the film, Maleficent and Diaval's relationship develops from that of a servant and mistress and blossoms into a deep friendship (the novelization hints that he is in love with her). Using her magic, Diaval can be turned into a human or any other animal Maleficent wishes, for example mostly a man, raven but also, wolf, horse, and dragon.

text: Samson the Horse[edit]

text: Samson is Prince Phillip's pet horse. He appears in the two films. He is very fond of Aurora, but can become jealous when Phillip shows affection towards her. He is voiced by Frank Welker in Disney Princess Enchanted Tales: Follow Your Dreams.

text: Maleficent's Goons[edit]

text: Maleficent's army is made up of goblin-type creatures that resemble boars, hawks, alligators, goats, bats, vultures, and other creatures. Though loyal, the goons have low intelligence as, due to unclear orders from Maleficent who is infuriated with their stupidity, they spent 16 years searching for an infant Aurora rather than a girl of proper age. The goons later appear to capture Prince Phillip in the cottage where the three fairies were hiding Aurora, and again attempting to thwart his escape by pushing boulders (Flora turns them into bubbles), shooting arrows (Flora turns them into flowers), and pouring boiling oil (Flora turns it into a rainbow).

text: The goons make cameo appearances in Who Framed Roger Rabbit (1988) and Kingdom Hearts: Birth By Sleep.