document_title: Gas Monkey Bar N' Grill

question_text: when did gas monkey bar and grill open

question_tokens: when did gas monkey bar and grill open

text: Gas Monkey Bar N' Grill

text: History[edit]

text: Beginnings (2013)[edit]

text: In September 2013, Rawlings started Gas Monkey Bar N' Grill, a 1,800 m2 (19,000 sq ft) live music bar and restaurant.[2] With a capacity of 1200 people,[1] the facility is located at the former Firewater Bar and Grill[3][4][5][6][7] in Northwest Dallas.[8] Alex Mendonsa, who ran the House of Blues Las Vegas was hired as the general manager,[9] while David Hollister of Yucatán Taco Stand and H2 Gourmet Burger Company was employed to manage culinary duties.[2][10][11] On September 21, 2013, two days before the grand opening, American rock band Old ’97s performed the first live show at the venue.[12][13]

text: Airport location (2014)[edit]

text: A second Gas Monkey Bar N' Grill location was opened in International Terminal D at Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport in March 2014.[14][15][16] The chief executive has indicated a desire to open a third Texas location somewhere other than the Dallas-Fort Worth metropolitan area.[17][18]

text: Gas Monkey Live (2014)[edit]

text: On October 11, 2014, Rawlings and Mendonsa, talent buyer Peter Ore (former Vice President of Talent Live Nation Denver) along with brothers Dan and Mike Flaherty[19] of United Commercial Realty[1] opened Gas Monkey Live at the former Toby Keith's I Love This Bar & Grill[20] in Northwest Dallas.[21] At 3,500 m2 (38,000 sq ft),[22][23] the venue is dedicated predominantly to live music and capable of holding up to 3000 patrons.[21] American punk rock band Social Distortion[24] performed at the outfit on opening day.[19] Midway through their "All Bad Things Must End" tour,[25] American rock band Mötley Crüe started November off by partnering with Dodge[26] for a free show[27] dubbed "Dodge Rocks Gas Monkey"[28] restricted to owners of Dodge Charger,[29] Challenger[30] and Viper automobiles.[31] At the show, Dodge presented both the 2015 Dodge Charger SRT Hellcat and the 2015 Dodge Challenger SRT Hellcat.[32][33]

text: Gas Monkey Energy and Key West expansion (2016)[edit]

text: In March 2016,[34] the company opened its third Gas Monkey Bar N’ Grill location in Key West, Florida.[35][36][37][38] On April 8, 2016, the Supersuckers performed at the venue for its grand opening.[39] In May 2016, Gas Monkey Energy, a newly created energy drink manufacturer, was added as a division of the Gas Monkey empire.[40]

text: Richard Rawlings’ Garage (2016 - present)[edit]

text: In September 2016,[41] the very first Richard Rawlings’ Garage, a new restaurant "designed to attract local residents" and be a "local hangout", was opened in Harker Heights, Texas at the former location of Twin Peaks.[42] In 2017, a second location is scheduled to premier at Foxwoods Resort Casino[43][44] near Ledyard, Connecticut.[45]

text: Gallery[edit]

text:
Gas Monkey Live

GMBG airport merchandise section

GMBG Airport bar


document_title: Muppets Most Wanted (soundtrack)

question_text: who wrote the music for muppets most wanted

root

text: Muppets Most Wanted (soundtrack)

text: Overview[edit]

text: In November 2012, it was announced that Bret McKenzie would be returning to write songs for Muppets Most Wanted following the success of its 2011 predecessor, The Muppets.[5] As opposed to the previous film, McKenzie wrote all of the original songs for Muppets Most Wanted; his songwriting influences for the film include the Sherman Brothers, Irving Berlin, Paul Williams, and Harry Nilsson.[6] With song ideas originating from short descriptions in the film's screenplay,[7] McKenzie developed numerous songs and performed demo versions of each by doing impressions of various Muppets. "I'm usually just on piano, with me singing and doing my now quite extensive catalog of Muppet impressions," said McKenzie. "I play a rough version then we get together and work out the best. James [Bobin] often has an idea that's visual that he needs to change the lyric to suit the visual and then we record it with the Muppets."[8]

tag: p

text: A music video of McKenzie performing "I'll Get You What You Want (Cockatoo in Malibu)" was released on March 19, 2014 on Funny or Die.[9]

text: Track listing[edit]

text: No.TitleWriter(s)Artist(s)Length1."They've Ordered a Sequel"DialogueWalter and Statler and Waldorf0:122."We're Doing a Sequel"Bret McKenzieThe Muppets with Lady Gaga and Tony Bennett4:163."My Name First, Your Name"DialogueConstantine and Ricky Gervais0:204."I'm Number One"Bret McKenzieConstantine and Ricky Gervais2:295."The Casa Grande"DialogueKermit, Tina Fey, Jemaine Clement, Danny Trejo, and Ray Liotta0:126."The Big House"Bret McKenzieTina Fey and Josh Groban2:247."Stick with Me"DialogueConstantine and Miss Piggy0:038."I'll Get You What You Want (Cockatoo in Malibu)"Bret McKenzieConstantine2:469."The Muppet Show Theme"Sam Pottle, Jim HensonLos Muppets2:5610."Answer Some Questions"DialogueTy Burrell0:0611."Interrogation Song"Bret McKenzie, Paul RoemenTy Burrell, Sam Eagle, and The Muppets3:2112."Oh Foo Foo, It's Always Been a Fight"DialogueMiss Piggy and Foo Foo0:0513."Something So Right"Bret McKenzieMiss Piggy, Kermit, Celine Dion, and The Muppets3:4414."We're Goin' Underground"DialogueKermit0:0415."Working in the Coal Mine"Allen ToussaintJemaine Clement1:5616."The Gulag Finale"DialogueKermit0:0417."Together Again"Jeff MossThe Muppets and Josh Groban3:4418."Moves Like Jagger" (featuring Pepe the King Prawn)Adam Levine, Benny Blanco, Ammar Malik, ShellbackScooter and The Penguins5:4419."Macarena (Bayside Boys Remix)"Antonio Romero, Rafael Ruiz, Labou LutzMiss Piggy, Manolo Flamingo, and Carlo Flamingo3:3320."Muppets Most Wanted Score Suite"Christophe BeckChristophe Beck3:0721."We're Doing a Sequel (Demo)"Bret McKenzieBret McKenzie4:3222."The Big House (Demo)"Bret McKenzieBret McKenzie2:2323."What You Want (Outtake)"Bret McKenzieBret McKenzie2:3124."I'll Get You What You Want (Cockatoo in Malibu) (Demo)"Bret McKenzieBret McKenzie2:3225."Something So Right (Demo)"Bret McKenzieBret McKenzie4:09

tag: table

text: showiTunes Europe bonus tracks[10]No.TitleWriter(s)Artist(s)Length26."My Heart Will Go On"James Horner, Will JenningsMiss Piggy (Eric Jacobson)3:0527."The Muppet Show Theme" (German version)Sam Pottle, Jim HensonDie Muppets1:00

text: Personnel[edit]

text: Credits adopted from Allmusic:[11]

text:
Steve Whitmire – Kermit the Frog, Beaker, Statler, Rizzo the Rat, Link Hogthrob, Lips, Foo-Foo
Eric Jacobson – Miss Piggy, Fozzie Bear, Sam Eagle, Animal
Dave Goelz – The Great Gonzo, Dr. Bunsen Honeydew, Zoot, Waldorf
Bill Barretta – Rowlf the Dog, Pepé the King Prawn, Dr. Teeth, The Swedish Chef, Carlo Flamingo
David Rudman – Scooter, Janice, Bobby Benson
Matt Vogel – Constantine, Floyd Pepper, Lew Zealand, Camilla the Chicken
Peter Linz – Walter, Manolo Flamingo

tag: ul

text:
Production
Christophe Beck – composer
Bret McKenzie – composer, producer, music supervisor
Tim Davies – conductor
Kaylin Frank – producer
Mitchell Leib – producer, executive in charge of music
James Bobin – executive producer
David Hoberman – executive producer
Todd Lieberman – executive producer
Peter Rotter – orchestra contractor
Jasper Randall – choir contractor
Orchestration
Tim Davies – score coordinator
Dave Metzger – score orchestration
Chris Caswell – orchestration
Zach Robinson – arranger, orchestration
Doug Walter – orchestration
Joanne Kane – music preparation
Booker White – music preparation

Technical
David Bianco – engineer, vocal engineer
Satoshi Noguchi – engineer
Rick Ruggieri – engineer, mixing
Casey Stone – engineer, mixing
Nick Wollage – engineer, vocal engineer
Francois LaLonde – vocal engineer
Rich Spillberg – vocal engineer
John VanNest – vocal engineer
Mickey Petralia – mixing
Patricia Sullivan – mastering
Richard Ford – score editor
Brett Pierce – music editor
Lisa Jaime – supervising music editor
Art
Steve Gerdes – art direction, design
Steve Sterling – art direction, design

text: Charts[edit]

text:
Chart (2014)

Peakposition

US Billboard Top Soundtracks[12]

4

US Billboard 200[12]

68

text: Muppets Most Wanted: Original Score[edit]

text:
Muppets Most Wanted (Original Score)Film score by Christophe BeckReleased
April 15, 2014Recorded
2013Studio
Sony Scoring Stage, Culver City, CaliforniaLabel
Walt Disney / IntradaProducer
Mitchell LeibChristophe Beck chronology

Endless Love(2014)Endless Love2014

Muppets Most Wanted: Original Score(2014)

Edge of Tomorrow(2014)Edge of Tomorrow2014

text: Christophe Beck was officially announced to score the film in August 2013.[13] The score was recorded during the latter half of 2013 at the Sony Scoring Stage in Culver City, California. With the use of an 82-piece ensemble of the Hollywood Studio Symphony,[14] Beck drew his inspiration from various cross-cultural styles. "With characters spread across the world," said Beck, "there was opportunity after opportunity to explore many musical styles and settings."[3]

text: A separate album entirely containing Beck's score was released by Walt Disney Records and Intrada Records on April 15, 2014.[15] The album features music from both Muppets Most Wanted and The Muppets, also scored by Beck.[14]

text: All tracks written by Christophe Beck.

text: No.TitleLength1."The World's Most Dangerous Frog"1:432."Let's Do It"1:013."Hole In The Wall Club"0:344."Dominic Badguy"1:175."Froggy Canal"3:026."Sam Meets Jean"0:357."Secret Lemon Juice Writing"1:118."Back at the Gulag"1:589."Colonel Blood's Key"0:5210."Travel by Map"1:4311."Goodnight Danny Trejo"1:1212."Following Dominic"1:2313."Discovered"1:4014."My Amphibian Prince"0:2115."You Complete Me"0:4916."The Proposal"0:5217."Without Kermit"0:3918."No One Noticed"1:3319."Babies"1:0520."Wedding Interruptus"1:2721."What an Action Sequence!"3:4622."Piggy Smooch"0:3823."We're Sorry Kermit"2:5124."End Credits"2:18


document_title: Mama's Family

question_text: who played the grandson on mama's family

question_tokens: who played the grandson on mama 's family

text: Mama's Family

text: Overview[edit]

text: The show is set in the city of Raytown, which actress Vicki Lawrence later revealed to be Raytown, Missouri, a suburb of Kansas City[5] The television series revolves around the wacky misadventures of the Harper family, extended non-Harper family members and their neighbor friend in later seasons. Always at the center of the trouble and confusion is head of the clan and matriarch Thelma Harper—a buxom, blue-haired, purse-lipped, 65-year-old widow who is portrayed as explosively quick-tempered, abrasive, and brash.[6] Thelma's snappy retorts and wisecracks are featured in a running gag in which the final scenes of each episode cut to an exterior shot of her residence while she is heard riposting the comments of whomever had previously spoken, followed by audience laughter and applause. In spite of Thelma's derogatory attitude, regular zingers and sarcasm, she is nurturing and obliging at heart, allowing family members to live in her home who would otherwise have no place to live, while also cooking for and cleaning up after them.[6] Thelma's family members can be ingrates, even ganging up on her occasionally.

text: Network run (seasons 1–2)[edit]

text: Beginning the series[edit]

text: In the ninth season of The Carol Burnett Show, producer Joe Hamilton wanted to spin off Mama in her own series, but Lawrence turned him down. She did not wish to wear a fat suit portraying an old lady every week, and she had misgivings about playing the role without Harvey Korman (who played Mama's son-in-law, Ed Higgins) and Carol Burnett (who played Mama's daughter Eunice Higgins) regularly by her side as in "The Family" sketches. Burnett and Korman told Lawrence that they would only appear as guest stars on the new series, and that it was Lawrence's time to shine and take what she had learned from The Carol Burnett Show and make it on her own. Shortly after the highly-rated Eunice TV movie, with continued urging by Korman and Burnett, Lawrence finally changed her mind and accepted the offer for her character's own sitcom.[7]

text: The writers had created Raytown to be its own "cartoon-like" world outside of reality. Although the series was sold to NBC without a pilot, the network had its own requirements, such as having "normal" teenagers as seen in other sitcoms of the time, which is how the Buzz and Sonja characters came about.[8] However, Lawrence had a great deal of creative input and made many important decisions, including bringing in Korman very early on to co-direct the series. Lawrence objected to the original script of the episode "Mama Cries Uncle", in which Thelma's brother-in-law visits and the two supposedly wound up sleeping together:

text:
“

I went to the writers and I said, 'I'm sorry, she is nothing if not Bible Belt. She would never sleep with her brother-in-law. I don't care how dead her husband is, This is wrong, wrong, wrong, wrong'. Well, threw everything into a tizzy and Joe [Hamilton] said, 'Gotta listen to her,' and they re-wrote the second half of the show.[7]

”

text: According to her autobiography, Lawrence had a problem with the decision to tape the series on Stage 33 at CBS Television City, where The Carol Burnett Show was produced.[citation needed]

text: Plot details[edit]

text: For 1 1/2 seasons from 1983 through 1984, Mama's Family ran on NBC. In the series' first episode, Thelma Harper lives with her uncomfortable, uptight spinster sister Fran (Rue McClanahan), a journalist for a local paper. Thelma's son Vinton (whose wife Mitzi had left him to become a cocktail waitress in Las Vegas) arrives to inform Thelma that he and his two children, Sonja and Buzz, have been evicted from their home and need a place to stay. Much to Fran's chagrin, Thelma allows the trio to move in.

text: During the first season, Vinton forged a relationship with the Harpers' flirtatious next-door neighbor Naomi Oates, whom Thelma disliked, and soon married her. After selling Naomi's house and losing the money in a bad business deal, Naomi and Vint are forced to move into Thelma's basement, where they remain for most of the show's run. Also seen on a recurring basis were Thelma's two daughters: the snobbish Ellen (Betty White) and the ornery Eunice (Carol Burnett). Harvey Korman, who directed many of the earlier episodes, made featured appearances as Eunice's husband, Ed Higgins. (During the eleventh and final season of The Carol Burnett Show, the Ed Higgins character left Eunice and was written out of "The Family" skits.)

text: Opening theme discrepancies[edit]

text: Korman also appeared at the beginning of each episode as the stuffed shirt Alistair Quince (an obvious parody of Alistair Cooke), who would soberly introduce the program in the style of Masterpiece Theatre. These monologues were cut out of the later syndicated reruns.[9] Korman also performed the voice of Thelma's unseen late husband, Carl, in flashback episodes.

text: An extended version of the show's opening theme song, with repeated melodies, was used during the original NBC run, but was never used in reruns.

text: The house and neighborhood shown in the opening credits differed between the original NBC run and the syndicated shows, leading to discrepancies such as in the episode "Mama for Mayor", in which Mama is shown in front of the house used in the original opening theme used for the first two seasons.

text: In 2013, StarVista Entertainment released the original NBC seasons with the Alistair Quince intros and original opening credits intact, except for two episodes in Season 1 ("Cellmates" and "Mama's Boyfriend"), as the master prints of those episodes are lost and were replaced by the syndicated version in the re-release.

text: Cancellation[edit]

text: While not a huge ratings success, the first season garnered solid enough numbers to justify being renewed for a second season.[10] For instance, the premiere episode ranked #28 for the week with an 18.6/28 rating/share. However, during the second season, the show dropped out of the top 50 shows, losing share to CBS' hit Magnum, P.I. As a result, NBC canceled the series in May 1984.

text: First-run syndication (Seasons 3–6)[edit]

text: Series rebirth[edit]

text: After Mama's Family was canceled by NBC in 1984, it was later relaunched in first-run syndication in 1986. Lorimar had merged with Telepictures and were looking for projects for first-run syndication, and after seeing the show's ratings in the summer reruns, it decided that the show needed a second chance and ordered 100 episodes for syndication.[7][11]

text: Plot details[edit]

text: Since the original set had been destroyed, a new set had to be constructed. This led to some significant changes in set design details. Adjustments in the show's cast occurred as well, with only Vicki Lawrence (Thelma), Ken Berry (Vinton) and Dorothy Lyman (Naomi) returning as regulars from the original era of the sitcom. Vinton's kids from his first marriage, Buzz (Eric Brown) and Sonja Karin Argoud), who were regulars in the show's first life, did not reprise their roles for the show's revival; their characters, though mentioned briefly in the first episode of the show's syndicated life, were never to be spoken of again.

text: During the hiatus of the series, both Rue McClanahan and Betty White had both gone on to star in the NBC sitcom The Golden Girls, rendering them unavailable to return. White, however, did return as Ellen for one episode in 1986 while Fran was killed off in the first episode of the revival. Carol Burnett and Harvey Korman, meanwhile, did not reprise their roles either, resulting in their characters (Eunice and Ed Higgins) being written out as having moved to Florida.

text: To fill the void left by Mama's grandchildren, Allan Kayser was cast as Thelma's delinquent teenage grandson Mitchel "Bubba" Higgins. Bubba was the son of Ed and Eunice. Bubba was ordered to live with his grandmother after being released from juvenile hall and placed on probation. Also added to the cast was Beverly Archer, who played the new character of Iola Boylen, the family's wildly quirky and prissy neighbor and Mama's best friend. Her catchphrase was calling out "Knock, knock!" in place of ringing the doorbell.

text: Absence of Carol Burnett as the "Eunice" character[edit]

text: According to Lawrence's autobiography, Vicki!: The True-Life Adventures of Miss Fireball, Burnett resented Lawrence for accepting the role of Mama for first-run syndication with [Burnett’s] ex-husband (TV show producer). It was during this time that Burnett was involved in an acrimonious divorce with The Carol Burnett Show and Mama's Family producer Joe Hamilton.[12] Burnett felt Lawrence had been disloyal to her and held a grudge against her until Hamilton's death in 1991. By the time of Hamilton's death, Burnett and Lawrence had reconciled. Lawrence's autobiography reads:

text:
“

A funny thing happened the day I signed with Lorimar. Carol called and said, 'I think I'd like to put together maybe a little syndicated show with the family characters. I'll do Eunice, you do Mama. Doesn't that sound like fun?' I said, 'It does, but I just signed with Lorimar to do Mama's Family for Joe.' It became a very abrupt conversation, and Carol hung up. I then went to Al and asked him what he made of the whole thing. He agreed it was really weird. I wondered if I was about to get caught in the middle of yet another struggle between the two of them . . . During her divorce, Carol and I went through a 'cool' period. She 'divorced' everyone and remained distant for a lot of years. She called the house a few years ago. I was standing at the sink peeling carrots, fifteen feet from the phone, but Garrett got to it first and I only heard his half of the following conversation: 'Hello? Oh hi. Yeah, sure, he's in the other room, on the other line. You want me to tell him you're calling? My mom's here, you want to talk to her? No? Okay. Goodbye.' When he hung up I asked him who it was. 'Carol Burnett.' I was shocked. 'What did she say?' 'She didn't want to talk to you. She only wanted to talk to Dad.' Al called her back later that night, made a point of telling her how much we missed and loved her, and she told him, 'I'll be back. It's just going to take a while longer. Give me another year or so."[13]

”

text: Series end[edit]

text: After Mama's Family was picked up in first-run syndication, ratings for the series improved, becoming the highest-rated first-run program in syndication.[14] Despite the show's success, Lawrence did not sign on for further seasons after completing her four-season contract in first-run syndication. According to Ken Berry (who played Mama's son, Vinton Harper), Lawrence had seemingly tired of playing the "Mama" role by 1990 and wanted to end the show.[15] According to Lawrence, who would reprise the Mama role on stage for many years thereafter, the series ended because the series had reached the standard threshold of 100 episodes and no longer needed to produce any more.[16] The series finale featured Naomi giving birth to a baby girl, who was named Tiffany Thelma.

text: Cast and characters[edit]

text: Thelma Mae Crowley Harper (Mama)[edit]

text: Role[edit]

text: Thelma Harper, also known as Mama, is the title character/main character of Mama's Family. Despite the title of "Mama," few characters in the sitcom actually refer to Thelma as Mama. In actuality, Thelma plays miscellaneous roles in the series, including grandmother, mother-in-law, sister, neighbor friend, and mother dependent on the supporting character in question.

text: Thelma is the widowed matriarch of a rural, Southern family.[17] She is a country elderly woman in her mid-to-late 60s, who speaks in a southern drawl.[6] Always active in the housework and nurturance of her family, Mama is usually seen cooking, cleaning, and providing loving support to her family.

text: Appearance[edit]

text: Mama's appearance is based on that of a stereotypical elderly woman. She is a buxom, purse-lipped widow with silvery blue curls. All of her daytime outfits were short-sleeved, floral-print dresses that carried lace collars. Costumer Ret Turner color-coded Mama in lavender.[18]  As much of Mama's time was spent cooking and cleaning, her dresses were often worn with an overlapping apron. Mama's lower legs were always clasped by visible support hose (a feature that was nonexistent during "The Family" sketches and the Eunice movie).[19] For footwear, Mama invariably wore white, orthopedic shoes of a high heeled brogue style.[20]

text: Mama invariably wore a few fashion accessories: a white pearl necklace and white pearl earrings.

text: Mama's outerwear always consisted of the same purple sweater, worn casually, draped over her shoulders without arms in the sleeves; inconstant floral headpieces; and a white purse, which she didn't hesitate to use as a weapon when given the opportunity.

text: Persona evolution[edit]

text: In contrast to her more stereotypically elderly, dependent, invariably spiteful and cantankerous character on "The Family" skits, Mama's hostilities are significantly toned down by the sitcom's first life. Though still cantankerous in the sitcom's first life, Mama's character expanded with wisecracks and humor; pesky antics; unseemliness and naivete. Mama's unseemliness and naivete were exemplified by her inability to drive (episode "Mama Learns to Drive"); inability to act in socially acceptable ways out in public and in the presence of guests (episodes "The Mama Who Came to Dinner", "Country Club" and "Ellen's Boyfriend"); inability to work jobs outside of the home (episodes "Mama Gets a Job", "Supermarket" and "Mama for Mayor"); etc. These characteristics often resulted in the humiliation or frustration of her loved ones.

text: By the show's second life, Mama was no longer naive (rather, Vinton overwhelmingly assumed this role) and far more capable of high spirits than ever before. This version of Mama had the least amount of stereotypically elderly traits. Rather conversely, Mama was dutiful in caring for her home, garden and family; independent; and active in the community along with best friend Iola Boylen. For example, Mama returned to high school and graduated (episodes "Educating Mama" and "Pomp and Circumstance"); Mama was heavily involved in the Church Ladies League and at one point, its president (episode "Where There's Smoke"); Mama participated in dirty dancing (episode "Very Dirty Dancing"); Mama went on a trip (episode "Mama Goes Hawaiian"), etc. Highlighting her much more relaxed nature during the syndicated seasons, Mama's main character trait during this time was her many fretful wisecracks typically made in high-pitched, whiny vocal qualities. Despite that, this era of Mama was more derogatory than ever; rough, abrasive and brash in manner; volatile and explosive in temper; and smart-mouthed with a proneness for making snappy retorts.[6]

text: Unlike the precedent sketch comedy and television movie, Thelma had many locutions on the program, "Good Lord!" being her most frequently used. She occasionally stated this in alternate ways, such as "Good Lord in heaven!" "Good heavens!" or "Good night Louise!" Among some of Thelma's additional locutions on the series include: "Hell's bells!" "The hell you say," "Now hear this," "God-awful," "In a pig's eye!" "Shoot!" "For crying out loud!" "For heaven's sake!" "Real good!" (sarcastically) etc. Disparaging and impudent, Thelma had a series of name-calling catchphrases she often used to refer to certain members of her family or her family as a whole, such as "Nitwit," "Dimwit," "Goon," "Goober goon," "Lamebrain," "Dunce," "Tramp," "Floozy," etc.

text: Vicki Lawrence on evolution of Mama[edit]

text: Vicki Lawrence has stated that at the beginning of Mama's Family, she detected that the writers had made adjustments to her character from "The Family" skits, significantly toning down Mama's hostilities and nastiness. Lawrence originally disfavored Mama's change in character from "The Family" sketches to the series version, believing that toning down the character's then-familiar aggression and spite in exchange for a less difficult, more agreeable nature, capable of humor and high spirits, wasn't funny.

text: Lawrence has revealed, however, that after counsel from Harvey Korman that the character needed to be reshaped for sitcom television, she came to accept the adjustments made to "Mama". Korman informed Lawrence that Mama had to be less one-dimensionally hostile because the entire show would revolve around her — that more characteristics would need to be added into the mix. Korman also informed her that you can't expect people to come home from work, pop a beer, and put up their feet to a character who is so one-dimensional. He informed her that the character would have to be more than just disagreeable for a whole half hour, or viewers would get bored. According to Korman, silly elements would need to be added to the character.

text: Lawrence has stated that it took her a while to warm up to this, but that she later came to greatly appreciate how Mama "blossomed" and "matured" from her early years on "The Family". She added that she still favors the adjustments in Mama's character and has credited who Thelma Harper is today partly to Korman. "The Family" sketch writers, however, who based "The Family" characters on their real-life family members, disfavored the less aggressive Mama. In February 2013, Lawrence remarked that "The Family" sketch version of Mama was created by writers who hated their mothers.[2][21][22]

text: Family members and friends[edit]

text:
Character
Actor
Years
character rank
Description

Vinton Harper
Ken Berry
1983–19841986–1990
Supporting character
The youngest of Thelma's three children. Dopey, buffoonish, and accident prone, Vint regularly makes a fool out of himself, particularly when he attempts to be assertive or knowledgeable. Vinton is a nice guy and he is very childish.[6] Works at Kwik Keys as a locksmith. Vinton was color-coded in tan in a short-sleeved button-down shirt and pants.[18]

Naomi Oates Harper
Dorothy Lyman
1983–19841986–1990
Supporting character
Vinton's lascivious, demonstrative, and maritally flirtatious second wife, who is often at odds with Thelma over his loyalty, also in part for her salaciousness.[6] Naomi works as a checker (later becoming the assistant manager) at Food Circus, a local supermarket. Vinton's nickname for her is "Skeeter" while Mama's nickname for her is "tramp." While Naomi had straight hair in the first life of the sitcom, she had curls by the show's second life. Naomi was color-coded in yellow-colored, off-the-shoulder or strapless dresses,[18]  which Thelma often referred to as "gaudy."

Vinton "Buzz" Harper, Jr.
Eric Brown
1983–1984
Supporting character
Vint's teenage son with his first wife, Mitzi. Buzz is very cheerful, spirited, patient, and obliging. Buzz was last mentioned in "Farewell Frannie", and subsequently retconned as never to have existed.

Sonja Harper
Karin Argoud
1983–1984
Supporting character
Vint's teenage daughter with his first wife, Mitzi. Sonja starts out moody, whiny, lazy, and rather oblivious, but later becomes interested in boys and blossoms into a young lady interested in civic affairs. Like her brother, she later moved out, presumably going off to college. She was also crowned Miss Rayteen 1984 during the second season of the show's run. Sonja was last mentioned in "Farewell Frannie", and subsequently retconned as never to have existed.

Ellen Harper-Jackson
Betty White
1983–19841986
Recurring character
The eldest of Thelma's three children. Ellen is a pretentious social elitist who avoids fraternizing with the rest of the family unless it suits her purpose. Her birthday is June 30.

Eunice Harper Higgins
Carol Burnett
1983–1984
Recurring character
The second of Thelma's three children. Seemingly never changing her outfit and always layered in tattered green rags, Eunice is tempestuous, antagonistic, and quarrelsome, constantly bickering with everyone in the family (especially her mother). Her birthday is December 19.

Ed Higgins
Harvey Korman
1983–1984
Recurring character
Eunice's mild-mannered, browbeaten husband. The Ed character was toned down from his appearances in "The Family" sketches, formerly a fiercely ill-tempered man that had no qualms with regularly quarreling with his mother-in-law and Eunice, at one point permanently leaving Eunice. In Mama's Family, however, the two remained married.

Bubba Higgins
Allan Kayser
1986–1990
Supporting character
Ed and Eunice's teenage son who is forced to live with Thelma upon being released from juvenile hall, after his parents had moved to Florida. Although initially depicted as a frisky, hyperactive, and eccentric teen with a penchant for playing instruments along with friends Dwayne and T-Boy, he over time evolved into a calm, mature, and commonsensical teen, though still with a robust interest in the opposite sex. The character always wore extremely tight-fitting jeans and in the early going suspenders as well. This later progressed into tight-fitting jeans and conservative sweatshirts.[6] Bubba was color-coded in green.[18]

Frances Marie Crowley
Rue McClanahan
1983–1984
Supporting character
Thelma's younger uncomfortable and uptight spinster sister. Works as a newspaper reporter and free-lance writer. She later died by choking on a toothpick at the Bigger Jigger. McClanahan was unhappy with the role.[23]

Iola Lucille Boylen
Beverly Archer
1986–1990
Supporting character
The Harpers’ well-meaning but obnoxious, nice, chipper, quirky, and prissy neighbor. She is a spinster like Thelma's sister Frannie. Among her quirks, she constantly bestows the family with peculiar handicraft items, predominately wears pink, and calls "knock knock" upon her every entrance. During her first appearances on the show, a running gag existed that saw her having loopy temper tantrums at odd intervals, described as "spells". She lives with her overbearing and aging parents, whom she seeks to escape by spending as much time at Thelma's home as possible. Iola is best friends with Thelma (her only friend). In her first couple of seasons, she was secretly infatuated with Vint; the two had known each other since their youth, which caused her and Naomi to have an adversarial relationship. Iola was color-coded in pink, usually gingham,  shirtwaist dresses.[18]

text: Harper family tree[edit]

text:
Grandma Crowley*       unknown parents

  Frances Crowley Thelma Crowley Carl Harper Effie Harper Roy Harper

Bruce Jackson (div.) Ellen Harper Eunice Harper Ed Higgins Vinton Harper Naomi Oates Leonard Oates (div.)  Mitzi (div.)

          Bubba Higgins     Tiffany Thelma Harper Sonja Harper Vinton "Buzz" Harper, Jr.

text:
Magenta = Crowleys
Orange = Harpers
Blue = Harper children
Red = Harper in-laws
Green = Harper grandchildren

text: *Note: Thelma's mother was shown on two occasions on the show (once in a flashback and once as a ghost, played both times by Vicki Lawrence), but her name was never revealed. There were at least two Crowley brothers (mentioned in passing in "Double Standard" and "Mama with the Golden Arm"); one was named Clyde ("Pomp and Circumstance"). A cousin named Cora is seen in "There's No Place Like...No Place", and an Uncle Oscar is mentioned in "Mama Gets the Bird", but it is not known if he was from Thelma's side of the family or her husband Carl's. Eunice also mentions having a son named Billy, but Billy's whereabouts is unknown in Mama's Family.

text: Recurring characters[edit]

text:
Carl Harper, a predominately unseen character (although once played by Ken Berry in a flashback episode), he is the deceased husband of Mama and father of Ellen, Eunice, and Vinton. While he's occasionally made mention of especially by Thelma, he only appears in flashback episodes. Though even in flashbacks, he's unseen for the most part, as he's usually only portrayed in voice as a man who spent the vast majority of his life nested on the toilet in the bathroom with the door closed. In fact, Carl died on the toilet. He's characterized as a grouch who screams from the bathroom about how he doesn't want to be interrupted during his long hours on the toilet, even for emergencies.
Effie Crowley Harper, Thelma's cousin (in season 2) and later her sister-in-law (in season 4). She lives in nearby Ceciltown on a farm. Played by Dorothy Van.
Reverend Lloyd Meechum, the Harpers' henpecked minister. Played by Earl Boen.
Alberta Meechum, Reverend Meechum's stuck-up, catty wife and a perennial thorn in the side of Thelma Harper. Played by Anne Haney.
Mayor Alvin Tutweiler, the mayor of Raytown and Ellen's boyfriend. Played by Alan Oppenheimer.
Eddie Edwards, a TV personality in Raytown, who hosts such programs as Good Morning, Raytown and the Grandma USA pageant. Played by Wayne Morton.
Clive Montaigne, the head of the community theater, who fashions himself an actor just as important as actors in New York and London. The people in town treat him like a mini-celebrity, despite only running the community theater. Played by Rod McCary.
Luann Fayette, Naomi Harper's flamboyant and flirtatious best friend. Played by Jennifer Richards. She is only seen once but mentioned several times.
Mr. and Mrs. Boylen, Iola's elderly, predominately unseen parents, who live across the street from Thelma. Not much is mentioned of her father, while her mother is often alluded to as a grotesquely large, temperamental, T.V.-watching invalid. The two characters are largely unseen; however, Mama once called out a greeting to an elderly woman, living next to her, she referred to as "Ms. Boylen." This was a brief moment from the episode "Mama Learns To Drive," from the show's first life (season 2), prior to the appearances of Iola.
Roselle Huplander, an obese associate of Thelma and Iola who is never seen. On a few occasions Thelma has spoken to her over the phone but more often, she is gossiped about by Thelma and Iola. Once, at a church fair, she gave Vint a black eye when he suggested that she weighed 309 pounds at the "Guess Your Weight" booth he was running.
Dwayne and T-Boy, Bubba's best friends. Played by Beau Bishop and Grant Heslov respectively. More spoken of than ever seen.
Mr. Alan Hanson, an intelligent, laid-back night-school teacher of Thelma and Bubba, and love interest of Thelma Harper. Her relationship with him is unceremoniously discontinued in the series however. Played by Joseph Campanella.
Amy Johnson, girlfriend of Bubba Higgins. Played by Amy Benedict.
Lolly Purdue, member and later president (succeeding Thelma) of the Church Ladies League. Revealed to be illiterate. Played first by Doris Hess, then Marge Redmond.
Officer Sneed, an extremely youthful-looking, strange police officer. Played by Allan David Fox.
Claude Cainmaker, Vint's seedy friend, who is always thinking up schemes. Played by Geoffrey Lewis.
Alistair Quince, The erudite host that introduced Mama's Family during the first and second seasons. The character was a take off of Alistair Cooke who at the time introduced Masterpiece Theater each week on PBS. These intros were edited out when the show went into syndication but have been restored in the DVDs released by StarVista/Time Life. The character first appeared as Alistair Cookie on The Carol Burnett Show.[24] Played by Harvey Korman.
Grandma Crowley (played by Vicki Lawrence), Thelma's dearly departed mother, who only appeared in flashback sequences or by photo. She had a dismal, forbidding appearance, constantly grimacing and wearing nothing but dark, somber dresses. She first appeared in the first life of the show (episode "Mama's Birthday") as a buxom elderly woman with a surly nature. In this appearance, she spoke to a middle-aged Thelma over the phone. The conversation ended with Grandma Crowley hanging up on Thelma, following Thelma's resentful protests against Grandma Crowley's contemptuous remarks about her husband, Carl. Grandma Crowley's second appearance was in the show's second life (episode "My Mama, Myself"). In this appearance, Grandma Crowley appeared as a slender ghost, haunting Mama. Taking on a menacing, overbearing, and harassing nature, she spent the entirety of the episode relentlessly criticizing, insulting, and ordering Thelma around. On more than one episode of the show's second life, Thelma alluded to having to possess forbearance in dealing with her mother's harassingly censorious nature growing up. For example, in the episode "Mama Makes Three," Thelma visited a psychiatrist with Vinton and Naomi. During the session, she began ranting and raving about her childhood and her mother, even referring to Grandma Crowley as a "prune-face old harpy." Vinton has also described Grandma Crowley as being "mean" in her treatment of him, Eunice, and Ellen when they were all children.
Church Ladies League, also known as CLL. Their motto is: "Gentle Helpers; Kind and Good" and First Lady Alberta Meechum served as the first president. Members include Thelma Harper, Lolly Purdue, Iola Boylen, Roselle Huplander, Inez and Florence. The association was first mentioned in "Where's There's Smoke", when Mama was nominated for president of the Church Ladies League. It was mentioned later in the episodes "Reading the Riot Act", "Ladies Choice" and "Mama's Medicine Show". Their award bears the name "Church Ladies League Woman of the Year."

text: Episodes[edit]

text: NBC Ratings[edit]

text:
Season

Episodes

Start Date

End Date

Nielsen Rank

Nielsen Rating

Tied With

1982-83

13

January 22, 1983

May 7, 1983

59[25]

N/A

N/A

1983-84

22

September 29, 1983

April 7, 1984

66

13.6[26]

"The Mississippi", "Automan"

text:
Season

Episodes

First aired

Last aired

Network

1

13

January 22, 1983 (1983-01-22)

May 7, 1983 (1983-05-07)

NBC

2

22

September 29, 1983 (1983-09-29)

April 7, 1984 (1984-04-07)

3

25

September 27, 1986 (1986-09-27)

March 28, 1987 (1987-03-28)

Syndicated

4

25

September 26, 1987 (1987-09-26)

March 26, 1988 (1988-03-26)

5

25

November 5, 1988 (1988-11-05)

May 27, 1989 (1989-05-27)

6

20

September 23, 1989 (1989-09-23)

February 24, 1990 (1990-02-24)

text: Altogether, Mama's Family had six seasons consisting of 130 episodes. The show's first life consisted of thirty-five episodes, making for two seasons. The show's second life consisted of ninety-five episodes, making for four seasons.

text: Favorites of Vicki Lawrence[edit]

text: On September 30, 2013, Vicki Lawrence was asked what her favorite episodes of the series are:

text:
Lawrence answered that between the early seasons, her favorite is the episode "The Wedding (Part 2)." Her reason for favoring this episode is because of the combination of big names featured in it. She listed Carol Burnett, Harvey Korman, Betty White, Ken Berry and Dorothy Lyman. Admiring the episode, Lawrence remarked "How much help does one girl get?" and "It's just an amazing supporting cast. Dear God, Carol was funny in that show!"[21]
Lawrence has stated that another favorite of hers from the early seasons is the episode "Rashomama." Lawrence revealed that "Rashomama" is a takeoff of the Japanese film "Rashomon." She explained that the episode is about Mama getting hit with a kettle in the kitchen and it is her, Betty, Dorothy, and Carol. At the emergency room, the three of them each have a different version of what happened to Mama. Lawrence explained, ". . . we redo the scene three different ways, and it's pretty funny."[21]
As other episode favorites, Lawrence has named "Family Feud" and "Mama on Jeopardy!" Lawrence stated to loving this dysfunctional family getting sent out into the real world. In particular, she stated to loving this when game shows were involved because ". . . people know the format of these shows so perfectly, and to watch this crazy family get stuck in that format was really fun to me. Probably because I also love game shows so much." [21]
As another episode favorite, Lawrence named "The Love Letter." Stated Lawrence, "It was a great episode, a record-holder actually. I think Bubba writes a love letter for Vint, who is having some problems with Naomi. In the course of the 22 minute episode, everybody thinks that the love letter is meant for them. Mama thinks it is for her from the repair guy who is there. Iola is sure Vint has written it to her. The show actually ran 22 minutes with no costume changes or anything. I remember the night that we did it. We did it in 22 minutes and were out at 7:25, and our director said 'good night, you're done!'" Lawrence added "Honestly, I have to say, by the time we finished the show, we had it down to a four-day workweek, so I kind of felt like we got paid to play dress up really."[21]

text: Ratings[edit]

text:
Season 1: #22
Season 2: #59

text: DVD releases[edit]

text:
DVD information

Mama's Family—The Complete First Season
Release date: September 26, 2006
Studio: Warner Home Video

text: On September 26, 2006, Warner Bros. Television released season 1 of Mama's Family on DVD. The DVD release features the syndicated versions of the episodes, which edits roughly three minutes from what originally aired. Warner Bros. claimed to only own the rights to the syndicated form.[27]

text: Due to issues relating to ownership rights between the show's production companies, Mama's Family for a long time had difficulties coming out on DVD, with only its first season available for many years.

text: However, in May 2013, it was announced that StarVista Entertainment would release all 6 seasons of the sitcom to DVD, as well as a complete series box set, which was available only through the StarVista website. Most of the original unedited versions, dubbed "The Joe Hamilton Cuts," were presented on DVD. Included with the package were extras of over 10 hours of bonus material, as well as a new cast reunion with Vicki Lawrence and the show's syndicated cast members. In addition, StarVista offered a "Signature" collection of the entire series, autographed by Vicki Lawrence, which was limited to 500 copies.[28]

text:
In the fall of 2013, Star Vista began releasing individual season sets, Seasons 1 & 2 were released on September 10, 2013,[29] followed by season 3 on February 25, 2014.[30] Season 4 was released on June 24, 2014,[31] Season 5 on September 23, 2014[32] and the sixth and final season was released on February 10, 2015.[33]
In conjunction with the complete seasons, Star Vista released a "best-of" single-disc unit for each season. Selected by Vicki Lawrence, each release has 6 (season 1 has 7) of her personal favorite episodes from each season.

text:
Release

Ep #

DVD release date

Bonus features

The Complete 1st Season

13

September 26, 2006(re-released September 10, 2013)

Featurette: Mama's Family Tree: The Branches (All About Eunice and Ellen)
Family History: A Classic "Family" Sketch from The Carol Burnett Show, featuring Betty White

The Complete 2nd Season

22

September 10, 2013

The original TV movie Eunice
Featurette: Mama's Family Tree: The Roots (all about Mama and Fran)
Interviews: Vicki Lawrence interviews Mama; Vicki Lawrence and Carol Burnett; Betty White

The Complete 3rd Season

25

February 25, 2014

Family History: A Classic "Family" Sketch from The Carol Burnett Show, featuring Maggie Smith
Featurette: Mama's Family Tree: The Sprouts (All about Bubba)
Mama Knows Best: A Mama's Family Cast Reunion
Interview: Allan Kayser (Bubba)

The Complete 4th Season

25

June 24, 2014

Featurette: Mama's Family Tree: The Neighbors (All about Iola)
Interview: Beverly Archer (Iola Boylen)
Under One Roof: A Mama's Family Cast Reunion

The Complete 5th Season

25

September 23, 2014

Interviews:
Vicki Lawrence
Dorothy Lyman
Ken Berry
Rick Hawkins

The Complete 6th Season

20

February 10, 2015

Interviews:
Jim Evering
Manny Basanese
Vicki Lawrence and Rick Hawkins
Bob Mackie and Ret Turner

Mama's Family: Mama's Favorites (Season 1)

7

September 10, 2013

Vint and the kids move in; The Wedding, pt. 1;  The Wedding, pt. 2; Cellmates; Family Feud; Positive Thinking; Mama's boyfriend

Mama's Family: Mama's Favorites (Season 2)

6

September 10, 2013

Country Club; Rashomama; Aunt Gert Rides Again; Mama Learns to Drive; Mama Buys a Car; Dear Aunt Fran

Mama's Family: Mama's Favorites (Season 3)

6

September 9, 2014

Soup to Nuts; Cat's Meow;  Steal One, Pearl Two; Where There's Smoke; Birthright; It Takes Two to Watusi

Mama's Family: Mama's Favorites (Season 4)

6

January 27, 2015

Zirconia's are a Girl's Best Friend; Educating Mama; The Sins of the Mother; Mama on Jeopardy!; Mama Goes Hawaiian, pt. 1; Mama Goes Hawaiian, pt. 2

Mama's Family: Mama's Favorites (Season 5)

6

April 28, 2015

Naomi's new position; The Really Loud Family; Found Money; Mama's Layaway Plan; Mama in One; Dependence Day

Mama's Family: Mama's Favorites (Season 6)

6

July 28, 2015

Mama Fights Back; Bubba's House Band; The Big Nap; Pinup Mama; Look Who's Breathing; Bye-Bye Baby!

The Complete Series

130

September 10, 2013  (online exclusive)  September 23, 2014  (retail release)

text: Awards and nominations[edit]

text: Primetime Emmy Awards[edit]

text:
Year

Category

Nominee(s)

Episodes(s)

Result

1983

Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Costumes for a Series

Bob Mackie and Ret Turner
for ""The Wedding: Part 2"

Nominated

1984

Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Costumes for a Series

Bob Mackie and Ret Turner
for "Mama's Birthday"

Won

1987

Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Costumes for a Series

Bob Mackie and Ret Turner
for "The Love Letter"

Nominated

text: TV Land Awards[edit]

text:
Year

Category

Nominee(s)

Episodes(s)

Result

2004

Favorite "Big, Bad Momma"

Vicki Lawrence
N/A

Won

text: Young Artist Awards[edit]

text:
Year

Category

Nominee(s)

Episodes(s)

Result

1984

Best Young Actress in a Comedy Series

Karin Argoud
N/A

Nominated

Best Young Actor in a Comedy Series

Eric Brown
N/A

Nominated

1985

Best Young Actress – Guest in a Television Series

Tanya Fenmore
for "Mama's Birthday"

Nominated

Best Young Actor – Guest in a Television Series

David Friedman
for "Mama's Birthday"

Nominated

1989

Best Young Actor Guest Starring in a Syndicated Comedy, Drama or Special

Ryan Bollman
for "Child's Play"

Nominated

Best Young Actor Guest Starring in a Drama or Comedy Series

Allan Kayser
N/A

Nominated

text: Syndication[edit]

text: After the series finale in 1990, the entire series (including the NBC episodes) was placed in off-network syndication, airing in most cities every weekday.  Mama's Family also ran on TBS from 1997 until August 2006.[34] That same month, ION Television (formerly the PAX network) began airing reruns of the series. The show aired Monday through Wednesday at 8:00 to 9:00 pm from 2006 to 2008. ET.[34]

text: In December 2006, CMT began re-airing the series.[35]

text: On September 19, 2015, during a live appearance on the EVINE Live shopping channel, Vicki Lawrence announced that the show would begin airing on the Me-TV Network in early 2016.

text: As of early 2017, re-runs appear on the Logo Network and Me-TV.

text: Post-television show appearances of Thelma Harper/Mama[edit]

text:
Vicki Lawrence has been reprising her role of Mama in her non-televised touring stage show, entitled Vicki Lawrence and Mama: A Two-Woman Show. In the show, Lawrence first performs stand-up comedy as herself, then comes out in character as Mama, giving her opinions on modern-day topics. During the break between the two acts, the audience is shown bloopers from the syndicated seasons of the series. Lawrence also sings the lyrics she wrote for "Bless My Happy Home," the show's theme song, which were omitted from the version used on-air.
Lawrence has also appeared in her Mama role on several Halloween-themed episodes of the 1998–2004 run of Hollywood Squares with Tom Bergeron at the helm.
Lawrence appeared on RuPaul's Drag Race in the "All-Stars" season as Mama in the skit "RuPaul’s Gaff-In."
Vicki Lawrence appeared on The Queen Latifah Show as Mama the Monday after Mother's Day 2014 in a comical skit that aired prior to each commercial break. Lawrence would also appear on the show 8 days later alongside two other well-known actresses to speak about her role of Mama and on her personal life.
Vicki Lawrence resurrected the character in promos for re-runs of Mama's Family on the MeTV channel in 2015–2016.[36]
Vicki Lawrence resurrected the character during the 2015 and 2016 TV Seasons of "The Doctors", where she talked about health-related issues.