document_title: List of India national cricket captains

question_text: who was the first test captain of india

question_tokens: who was the first test captain of india

text: List of India national cricket captains

text: International cricket[edit]

text: Where a player has a dagger (†) next to a Test match series in which he captained at least one Test, it denotes that the player deputised for the appointed captain or was appointed for a minor proportion in a series.

tag: p

text: Test match captains[edit]

text: This is the list of the 33 cricketers who have captained the Indian cricket team for at least one Test match. Mahendra Singh Dhoni is the most successful Indian test captain with 27 wins.

text: The table of results is complete as of 27 January 2018.

text:
Indian Test match captains[1]

Number
Name
Year
Opposition
Location
Played
Won
Lost
Drawn

1

CK Nayudu
1932
England
England
1
0
1
0

1933/4
England
India
3
0
2
1

Total
4
0
3
1

2

Maharajkumar of Vizianagram
1936
England
England
3
0
2
1

Total
3
0
2
1

3

Iftikhar Ali Khan Pataudi
1946
England
England
3
0
1
2

Total
3
0
1
2

4

Lala Amarnath
1947/8
Australia
Australia
5
0
4
1

1948/9
West Indies
India
5
0
1
4

1952/3
Pakistan
India
5
2
1
2

Total
15
2
6
7

5
Vijay-Hazare.jpg
Vijay Hazare
1951/2
England
India
5
1
1
3

1952
England
England
4
0
3
1

1952/3
West Indies
West Indies
5
0
1
4

Total
14
1
5
8

6

[[File:|400px|alt=]]

Vinoo Mankad
1954/5
Pakistan
Pakistan
5
0
0
5

1958/9†
West Indies
India
1
0
1
0

Total
6
0
1
5

7

Ghulam Ahmed
1955/6†
New Zealand
India
1
0
0
1

1958/9
West Indies
India
2
0
2
0

Total
3
0
2
1

8

Polly Umrigar
1955/6
New Zealand
India
4
2
0
2

1956/7
Australia
India
3
0
2
1

1958/9†
West Indies
India
1
0
0
1

Total
8
2
2
4

9

Hemu Adhikari
1958/9†
West Indian
India
1
0
0
1

Total
1
0
0
1

10

Datta Gaekwad
1959
England
England
4
0
4
0

Total
4
0
4
0

11

[[File:|400px|alt=]]

Pankaj Roy
1959†
England
England
1
0
1
0

Total
1
0
1
0

12

Gulabrai Ramchand
1959/60
Australia
India
5
1
2
2

Total
5
1
2
2

13

Nari Contractor
1960/1
Pakistan
India
5
0
0
5

1961/2
England
India
5
2
0
3

1961/2†
West Indies
West Indies
2
0
2
0

Total
12
2
2
8

14

Mansoor Ali Khan Pataudi
1961/2
West Indies
West Indies
3
0
3
0

1963/4
England
India
5
0
0
5

1964/5
Australia
India
3
1
1
1

1964/5
New Zealand
India
4
1
0
3

1966/7
West Indies
India
3
0
2
1

1967
England
England
3
0
3
0

1967/8
Australia
Australia
3
0
3
0

1967/8
New Zealand
New Zealand
4
3
1
0

1969/70
New Zealand
India
3
1
1
1

1969/70
Australia
India
5
1
3
1

1974/5
West Indies
India
4
2
2
0

Total
40
9
19
12

15

Chandu Borde
1967/8†
Australia
Australia
1
0
1
0

Total
1
0
1
0

16

Ajit Wadekar
1970/1
West Indies
West Indies
5
1
0
4

1971
England
England
3
1
0
2

1972/3
England
India
5
2
1
2

1974
England
England
3
0
3
0

Total
16
4
4
8

17

Srinivas Venkataraghavan
1974/5†
West Indies
India
1
0
1
0

1979
England
England
4
0
1
3

Total
5
0
2
3

18

Sunil Gavaskar
1975/6†
New Zealand
New Zealand
1
1
0
0

1978/9
West Indies
India
6
1
0
5

1979/80
Australia
India
6
2
0
4

1979/80
Pakistan
India
5
2
0
3

1980/1
Australia
Australia
3
1
1
1

1980/1
New Zealand
New Zealand
3
0
1
2

1981/2
England
India
6
1
0
5

1982
England
England
3
0
1
2

1982/3
Sri Lanka
India
1
0
0
1

1982/3
Pakistan
Pakistan
6
0
3
3

1984/5
Pakistan
Pakistan
2
0
0
2

1984/5
England
India
5
1
2
2

Total
47
9
8
30

19

Bishan Singh Bedi
1975/6
New Zealand
New Zealand
2
0
1
1

1975/6
West Indies
West Indies
4
1
2
1

1976/7
New Zealand
India
3
2
0
1

1976/7
England
India
5
1
3
1

1977/8
Australia
Australia
5
2
3
0

1978/9
Pakistan
Pakistan
3
0
2
1

Total
22
6
11
5

20

Gundappa Viswanath
1979/80†
Pakistan
India
1
0
0
1

1979/1980
England
India
1
0
1
0

Total
2
0
1
1

21

Kapil Dev
1982/3
West Indies
West Indies
5
0
2
3

1983/4
Pakistan
India
3
0
0
3

1983/4
West Indies
India
6
0
3
3

1985
Sri Lanka
Sri Lanka
3
0
1
2

1985/6
Australia
Australia
3
0
0
3

1986
England
England
3
2
0
1

1986/7
Australia
India
3
0
0
2[2]

1986/7
Sri Lanka
India
3
2
0
1

1986/7
Pakistan
India
5
0
1
4

Total
34
4
7
23[2]

22

Dilip Vengsarkar
1987/8
West Indies
India
3
0
1
2

1988/9
New Zealand
India
3
2
1
0

1988/9
West Indies
West Indies
4
0
3
1

Total
10
2
5
3

23

Ravi Shastri
1987/8†
West Indies
India
1
1
0
0

Total
1
1
0
0

24

Krishnamachari Srikkanth
1989/90
Pakistan
Pakistan
4
0
0
4

Total
4
0
0
4

25

Mohammad Azharuddin
1989/90
New Zealand
New Zealand
3
0
1
2

1990
England
England
3
0
1
2

1990/1
Sri Lanka
India
1
1
0
0

1991/2
Australia
Australia
5
0
4
1

1992/3
Zimbabwe
Zimbabwe
1
0
0
1

1992/3
South Africa
South Africa
4
0
1
3

1992/3
England
India
3
3
0
0

1992/3
Zimbabwe
India
1
1
0
0

1993
Sri Lanka
Sri Lanka
3
1
0
2

1993/4
Sri Lanka
India
3
3
0
0

1993/4
New Zealand
New Zealand
1
0
0
1

1994/5
West Indies
India
3
1
1
1

1995/6
New Zealand
India
3
1
0
2

1996
England
England
3
0
1
2

1997/8
Australia
India
3
2
1
0

1998/9
Zimbabwe
Zimbabwe
1
0
1
0

1998/9
New Zealand
New Zealand
2
0
1
1

1998/9
Pakistan
India
2
1
1
0

1998/9[3]
Pakistan
India
1
0
1
0

1998/9[3]
Sri Lanka
Sri Lanka
1
0
0
1

Total
47
14
14
19[4][5][6][7]

26

Sachin Tendulkar
1996/7
Australia
India
1
1
0
0

1996/7
South Africa
India
3
2
1
0

1996/7
South Africa
South Africa
3
0
2
1

1996/7
West Indies
West Indies
5
0
1
4

1997
Sri Lanka
Sri Lanka
2
0
0
2

1997/8
Sri Lanka
India
3
0
0
3

1999/2000
New Zealand
India
3
1
0
2

1999/2000
Australia
Australia
3
0
3
0

1999/2000
South Africa
India
2
0
2
0

Total
25
4
9
12

27

Sourav Ganguly
2000/1
Bangladesh
Bangladesh
1
1
0
0

2000/1
Zimbabwe
India
2
1
0
1

2000/1
Australia
India
3
2
1
0

2001
Zimbabwe
Zimbabwe
2
1
1
0

2001
Sri Lanka
Sri Lanka
3
1
2
0

2001/2
South Africa
South Africa
2
0
1
1

2001/2
England
India
3
1
0
2

2001/2
Zimbabwe
India
2
2
0
0

2001/2
West Indies
West Indies
5
1
2
2

2002
England
England
4
1
1
2

2002/3
West Indies
India
3
2
0
1

2002/3
New Zealand
New Zealand
2
0
2
0

2003/4
New Zealand
India
1
0
0
1

2003/4
Australia
Australia
4
1
1
2

2003/4
Pakistan
Pakistan
1
1
0
0

2004/5
Australia
India
2
0
1
1

2004/5
South Africa
India
2
1
0
1

2004/5
Bangladesh
Bangladesh
2
2
0
0

2004/5
Pakistan
India
3
1
1
1

2005/6
Zimbabwe
Zimbabwe
2
2
0
0

Total
49
21
13
15

28

Rahul Dravid
2003/4†
New Zealand
India
1
0
0
1

2003/4†
Pakistan
Pakistan
2
1
1
0

2004/5†
Australia
India
2
1
1
0

2005/6
Sri Lanka
India
2
1
0
1

2005/6
Pakistan
Pakistan
3
0
1
2

2005/6
England
India
3
1
1
1

2005/6
West Indies
West Indies
4
1
0
3

2006/7
South Africa
South Africa
3
1
2
0

2007
Bangladesh
Bangladesh
2
1
0
1

2007
England
England
3
1
0
2

Total
25
8
6
11

29

Virender Sehwag
2005/6†
Sri Lanka
India
1
1
0
0

2009†
New Zealand
New Zealand
1
0
0
1

2010†
Bangladesh
Bangladesh
1
1
0
0

2012†
Australia
Australia
1
0
1
0

Total
4
2
1
1

30

Anil Kumble
2007
Pakistan
India
3
1
0
2

2007/8
Australia
Australia
4
1
2
1

2008
South Africa
India
2
0
1
1

2008
Sri Lanka
Sri Lanka
3
1
2
0

2008
Australia
India
2
0
0
2

Total
14
3
5
6

31

Mahendra Singh Dhoni
2008†
South Africa
India
1
1
0
0

2008†
Australia
India
2
2
0
0

2008
England
India
2
1
0
1

2009
New Zealand
New Zealand
2
1
0
1

2009
Sri Lanka
India
3
2
0
1

2010
Bangladesh
Bangladesh
1
1
0
0

2010
South Africa
India
2
1
1
0

2010
Sri Lanka
Sri Lanka
3
1
1
1

2010
Australia
India
2
2
0
0

2010
New Zealand
India
3
1
0
2

2010
South Africa
South Africa
3
1
1
1

2011
West Indies
West Indies
3
1
0
2

2011
England
England
4
0
4
0

2011
West Indies
India
3
2
0
1

2011/12
Australia
Australia
3
0
3
0

2012
New Zealand
India
2
2
0
0

2012/13
England
India
4
1
2
1

2012/13
Australia
India
4
4
0
0

2013/14
West Indies
India
2
2
0
0

2013/14
South Africa
South Africa
2
0
1
1

2013/14
New Zealand
New Zealand
2
0
1
1

2014
England
England
5
1
3
1

2014/15
Australia
Australia
2
0
1
1

Total
60
27
18
15

32

Virat Kohli

2014/15†
Australia
Australia
2
0
1
1

2015
Bangladesh
Bangladesh
1
0
0
1

2015
Sri Lanka
Sri Lanka
3
2
1
0

2015/16
South Africa
India
4
3
0
1

2016
West Indies
West Indies
4
2
0
2

2016/17
New Zealand
India
3
3
0
0

2016/17
England
India
5
4
0
1

2017
Bangladesh
India
1
1
0
0

2017
Australia
India
3
1
1
1

2017
Sri Lanka
Sri Lanka
3
3
0
0

2017
Sri Lanka
India
3
1
0
2

2018
South Africa
South Africa
3
1
2
0

Total
35
21
5
9

33

Ajinkya Rahane

2017†
Australia
India
1
1
0
0

Total
1
1
0
0

Grand Total(1932-2018)
521
144
160
217[2]

text: One Day International captains[edit]

text: This is a list of cricketers who have captained the Indian cricket team for at least one One Day International. Total 24 players have captained India in ODIs out of which Mahendra Singh Dhoni is the most successful captain with 110 wins. He also hold record of highest loss with 74 match.

text:
Number
Name
Year
Played
Won
Lost
Tied
No result
Win %[8]

1
Ajit Wadekar
1974
2
0
2
0
0
0.00

2
Srinivasaraghavan Venkataraghavan
1975–1979
7
1
6
0
0
14.28

3
Bishen Singh Bedi
1975-1978
4
1
3
0
0
25.00

4
Sunil Gavaskar
1980-1985
37
14
21
0
2
40.00

5
Gundappa Viswanath
1980
1
0
1
0
0
0.00

6
Kapil Dev
1982-1992
74
39
33
0
2
54.16

7
Syed Kirmani
1983
1
0
1
0
0
0.00

8
Mohinder Amarnath
1984
1
0
0
0
1
NA

9
Ravi Shastri
1986-1991
11
4
7
0
0
36.36

10
Dilip Vengsarkar
1987-1988
18
8
10
0
0
44.44

11
Krishnamachari Srikkanth
1989
13
4
8
0
1
33.33

12
Mohammad Azharuddin
1989-1999
174
90
76
2
6
54.16

13
Sachin Tendulkar
1996-1999
73
23
43
1
6
35.07

14
Ajay Jadeja
1997-1999
13
8
5
0
0
61.53

15
Sourav Ganguly
1999–2005
146[9]
76
65[9]
0
5
53.90

16
Rahul Dravid
2000-2007
79
42
33
0
4
56.00

17
Anil Kumble
2001
1
1
0
0
0
100.00

18
Virender Sehwag
2003-2011
12
7
5
0
0
58.33

19
Mahendra Singh Dhoni
2007–present
199
110
74
4
11
59.57

20
Suresh Raina
2010–present
12
6
5
0
1
54.54

21
Gautam Gambhir
2010-present
6
6
0
0
0
100.00

22
Virat Kohli
2013- present
49
38
10
0
1
79.16

23
Ajinkya Rahane
2015-present
3
3
0
0
0
100.00

24
Rohit Sharma
2017-present
3
2
1
0
0
66.66

text: Twenty-20 International captains[edit]

text: This is a list of cricketers who have captained the Indian cricket team for at least one Twenty 20 International.Only six players captained in T20I for India. From which Mahendra Singh Dhoni is most successful with 41 wins.

text:
Number
Name
Year
Played
Won
Lost
Tied
No result
Win %[8]

1
Virender Sehwag
2006
1
1
0
0
0
100.00

2
Mahendra Singh Dhoni
2007–2016
73
42
28
1
2
59.85

3
Suresh Raina
2010–present
3
3
0
0
0
100.00

4
Ajinkya Rahane
2015-present
2
1
1
0
0
50.00

5
Virat Kohli
2017 - present
12
7
5
0
0
58.33

6
Rohit Sharma
2017-present
9
8
1
0
0
88.88

Total
95
58
34
1
2
76.22

text: Women's cricket[edit]

text: Where a player has a dagger (†) next to a Test match series in which she captained at least one Test, it denotes that the player deputised for the appointed captain or was appointed for a minor proportion in a series.

text: Test match captains[edit]

text: This is a list of cricketers who have captained the Indian women's cricket team for at least one women's Test match.

text: The table of results is updated as 11 September 2014.

text:
Indian women's Test match captains

Number
Name
Year
Opposition
Location
Played
Won
Lost
Drawn

1
Shantha Rangaswamy
1976/7
West Indies
India
6
1
1
4

1976/7
New Zealand
New Zealand
1
0
0
1

1976/7
Australia
Australia
1
0
1
0

1983/4
Australia
India
4
0
0
4

Total
12
1
2
9

2
Nilima Jogalekar
1984/1985†
New Zealand
India
1
0
0
1

Total
1
0
0
1

3
Diana Edulji
1984/5
New Zealand
India
2
0
0
2

1986
England
England
2
0
0
2

Total
4
0
0
4

4
Shubhangi Kulkarni
1986†
England
England
1
0
0
1

1990/1
Australia
Australia
2
0
1
1

Total
3
0
1
2

5
Sandhya Agarwal
1990/1†
Australia
Australia
1
0
1
0

Total
1
0
1
0

6
Purnima Rau
1994/5
New Zealand
New Zealand
1
0
0
1

1995/6
England
India
2
0
1
1

Total
3
0
1
2

7
Pramila Bhatt
1995/6†
England
India
1
0
0
1

Total
1
0
0
1

8
Chanderkanta Kaul
1999
England
England
1
0
0
1

Total
1
0
0
1

9
Anjum Chopra
2001/2
England
India
1
0
0
1

2001/2
South Africa
South Africa
1
1
0
0

2002
England
England
1
0
0
1

Total
3
1
0
2

10
Mamatha Maben
2003/4
New Zealand
India
1
0
0
1

Total
1
0
0
1

11
Mithali Raj
2005/6
England
India
1
0
0
1

2005/6
Australia
Australia
1
0
1
0

2006
England
England
2
1
0
1

2014
England
England
1
1
0
0

Total
5
2
1
2

Total
35
4
6
25

text: Women's One-Day International captains[edit]

text: This is a list of cricketers who have captained the Indian women's cricket team for at least one women's one-day international. The World Cup Final appearance against Australia in 2004/5 represents India's best performance in a Women's World Cup.

text: Indian women's ODI captains

tag: ul

text:
Number
Name
Year
Played
Won
Lost
Tied
No result
Win %[8]

1
Diana Edulji
1977/8, 1984/5 – 1993
18
7
11
0
0[10]
38.88

2
Shantha Rangaswamy
1981/2-1983/4
16
4
12
0
0
25.00

3
Shubhangi Kulkarni
1986
1
0
1
0
0
0.00

4
Purnima Rau
1994/5-1995/6
8
5
3
0
0[11]
62.50

5
Pramila Bhatt
1995/6-1997/8
7
5
1
1[12]
0[13]
78.57

6
Chanderkanta Kaul
1999
4
3
1
0
0
75.00

7
Anju Jain
2000/1
8
5
3
0
0
62.50

8
Anjum Chopra
2001/2[14]-2002/3-2011/2012
28
10
17
0
1[15]
37.03

9
Mamatha Maben
2003/4-2004/5
19
14
5
0
0
73.68

10
Mithali Raj
2003 – present
81
45
33
0
3
55.55

11
Jhulan Goswami
2008-2011
25
12
13
0
0
48.00

12
Rumeli Dhar
2008-2008
1
0
1
0
0
0.00

13
Harmanpreet Kaur
2013–2013
3
3
0
0
0
100.00

Total
219
113
101
1
4
51.59

text: Women's Twenty-20 International captains[edit]

text: This is a list of cricketers who have captained the Indian women's cricket team for at least one Twenty 20 International.[16]

text:
Number
Name
Year
Played
Won
Lost
Tied
No result
Win %[8]

1
Mithali Raj
2006–present
32
17
15
0
0
53.12

2
Jhulan Goswami
2008-2011
18
8
10
0
0
41.17

3
Anjum Chopra
2012-2012
10
3
7
0
0
30.00

4
Harmanpreet Kaur
2012-2016
13
9
4
0
0
69.23

Total
66
33
33
0
0
50.00

text: Youth cricket[edit]

text: Test match captains[edit]

text: This is a list of cricketers who have captained the Indian Under-19 cricket team for at least one under-19 Test match. The very nature of Under-19 cricket means that in practice no youth captains the side for more than one year. Four men, Srikkanth, Shastri, Dravid and Virat have gone on to captain the senior side.

text: The table of results is complete as of August 2014.* mark has been added after the names of players who went on to represent India in at least one men's international match (Test match or ODI match).

text:
Number
Name
Year
Opposition
Location
Played
Won
Lost
Drawn

1
Krishnamachari Srikkanth*
1978/9†
Pakistan
India
2
0
0
2

2
Vedraj Chauhan
1978/9
Pakistan
India
3
0
0
3

3
Ravi Shastri*
1981
England
England
3
0
0
3

4
Saba Karim*
1984/5
Australia
India
2
0
1
1

5
Anju Mudkavi
1984/5†
Australia
India
1
0
0
1

6
Amikar Dayal
1986/7
Australia
Australia
3
0
2
1

7
Myluahanan Senthilnathan
1987/8
New Zealand
New Zealand
1
0
1
0

8
Janardhanan Ramdas
1988/9
Pakistan
Pakistan
4
1
0
3

9
Ranjib Biswal
1989/90
Pakistan
India
4
1
0
3

10
Rahul Dravid*
1991/2
New Zealand
India
2
1
0
1

11
Manoj Joglekar
1992/3
England
India
3
1
1
1

12
Sridharan Sriram*
1993/4
Australia
India
3
1
1
1

13
Amit Sharma
1994
England
England
3
1
0
2

14
Kiran Powar
1994/5
Australia
Australia
3
0
2
1

15
Sanjay Raul
1995/6
South Africa
India
3
1
1
1

16
Ajit Agarkar*
1996/7†
Sri Lanka
Sri Lanka
1
1
0
0

17
Jyoti Yadav
1996/7
Sri Lanka
Sri Lanka
2
1
0
1

18
Reetinder Sodhi*
1998/9
Sri Lanka
India
1
0
0
1

19
Ajay Ratra*
2003/4
England
India
3
1
0
2

20
Manvinder Bisla
2002†
England
England
1
0
0
1

21
Yaleeka Gnaneswara Rao
2002
England
England
2
0
1
1

22
Ambati Rayudu*
2004/5
England
India
3
3
0
0

23
Tanmay Srivastava
2006
England
England
3
1
0
2

2007
Sri Lanka
Sri Lanka
2
1
0
1

Total
5
2
0
3

24
Piyush Chawla*
2006
Pakistan
India
2
2
0
0

2007
New Zealand
India
3
1
1
1

Total
5
3
1
1

25
Virat Kohli*
2008
South Africa
South Africa
2
1
0
1

26
Ashok Menaria
2009
Australia
Australia
2
1
1
0

27
Vijay Zol
2014
Sri Lanka
Sri Lanka
2
0
0
2

Total
69
20
12
37

text: Youth One-Day International captains[edit]

text: This is a list of cricketers who have captained the Indian U-19 cricket team for at least one Under-19 One Day International. India's first great success in Under-19 ODI cricket was in 1999/2000, when they won the Under-19 World Cup under the captaincy of Mohammad Kaif. The feat was repeated in 2008/9 and 2012 under the captaincy of Virat Kohli and Unmukt Chand.

text: The table of results is complete as of 16 August 2014.* mark has been added after the names of players who went on to represent India in at least one men's international match (Test match, ODI or T20 match).

text:
Number
Name
Year
Played
Won
Lost
Tied
No result
Win %[8]

1
Ravi Shastri
1981
1
0
1
0
0
0.00

2
Saba Karim
1985
3
0
3
0
0
0.00

3
Anju Mudkavi
1985
1
0
1
0
0
0.00

4
Amikar Dayal
1986
3
1
2
0
0
33.33

5
M. Senthilnathan
1988
8
5
3
0
0
62.50

6
Arjan Kripal Singh
1988
1
0
1
0
0
0.00

7
Ranjib Biswal
1989/90
5
4
1
0
0
80.00

8
Rahul Dravid
1992
3
2
1
0
0
66.66

9
Manoj Joglekar
1993
3
3
0
0
0
100.00

10
Amit Sharma
1994
5
2
3
0
0
40.00

11
Kiran Powar
1995
3
1
2
0
0
33.33

12
Sanjay Raul
1996
3
3
0
0
0
100.00

13
Jyoti Yadav
1997/8
3
1
2
0
0
33.33

14
Amit Pagnis
1997
6
4
2
0
0
66.66

15
Reetinder Sodhi
1999
3
3
0
0
0
100.00

16
Mohammad Kaif
1999/00
9
9
0
0
0
100.00

17
Ajay Ratra
2001
3
2
1
0
0
66.66

18
Parthiv Patel
2002
7
4
3
0
0
57.14

19
Yaleeka Gnaneswara Rao
2002
3
3
0
0
0
100.00

20
Ambati Rayudu
2003/04
10
8
2
0
0
80.00

21
Dinesh Karthik
2004
1
0
1
0
0
0.00

22
Manoj Tiwary
2005
5
4
1
0
0
80.00

23
Ravikant Shukla
2005/06
17
15
2
0
0
88.23

24
Tanmay Srivastava
2006/07
7
7
0
0
0
100.00

25
Piyush Chawla
2006/07
12
11
1
0
0
91.66

26
Ravindra Jadeja
2007
1
1
0
0
0
100.00

27
Virat Kohli
2008
11
11
0
0
0
100.00

28
Ashok Menaria
2009/10
12
8
4
0
0
66.66

29
Unmukt Chand
2011/12
21
15
5
1
0
73.80

30
Vijay Zol
2013/14
22
18
3
0
1
85.71

31
Sanju Samson
2014
1
1
0
0
0
100.00

32
Ricky Bhui
2015
4
4
0
0
0
100.00

33
Virat Singh
2015
1
1
0
0
0
100.00

34
Rishabh Pant
2015
1
1
0
0
0
100.00

35
Ishan Kishan
2015
8
7
1
0
0
87.50

36
Abhishek Sharma
2016
5
5
0
0
00
100.00

text: Bibliography[edit]

text: Surya Prakash Chaturvedi,Humaare Kaptaan: Naidu se Dhoni Tak, Rajkamal Prakashan,2010


document_title: Gun laws in Texas

question_text: at what age can you buy a rifle in texas

root

text: Gun laws in Texas

text: Summary table[edit]

text:
Subject/Law
Long guns
Handguns
Relevant Statutes
Notes

State permit to purchase?
No
No

Firearm registration?
No
No

Owner license required?
No
No

Assault weapon law?
No
No

Magazine capacity restriction?
No
No

Carry license required?
No
Yes
GC Ch. 411.172[1]
Licensed carry of a handgun requires a "shall-issue" license, and is subject to specific laws governing trespass while armed. People who are barred from licensing include those under age 21, felons, fugitives, people who are "chemically dependent" or "incapable of exercising sound judgment", and those in arrears for taxes or child support.

Open carry?
Yes
Yes
PC 46.02
Long gun and black powder weapon (including handgun) open carry is not forbidden by law, unless in a manner "calculated to cause alarm."
Effective January 1, 2016, individuals with a handgun carry license are permitted to carry openly, per House Bill 910 of the 2015 legislative session. Non-residents from states whose permits are recognized by Texas are also allowed to open carry under the new law.

Concealed carry on college campus?
No
Yes

May carry in parking lots, parking garages, outdoor walkways on campus.
Public four-year universities (as of August 1, 2016) and public two-year colleges (as of August 1, 2017) must allow concealed carry in campus buildings as well. Universities will be allowed to designate certain sensitive areas as "gun free zones"; these will be subject to legislative analysis.

State preemption of local restrictions?
Yes
Yes
LGC §229.001.
State law prohibits municipal governments from regulating the ownership, transfer, storage, or licensing of firearms, ammunition, or accessories. Local ordinances can regulate the discharge of firearms (such as for noise, nuisance or public safety), but not in contradiction of state law concerning justified use of a firearm.

NFA weapons restricted?
No
No
PC 46.01, PC 46.05
Texas Penal Code Section 46.05 requires that "explosive weapons", "machine guns", "short-barrel firearms", and "firearm silencers", as defined in Section 46.01, be "registered in the National Firearms Registration and Transfer Record maintained by the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives or classified as a curio or relic by the United States Department of Justice". Prior to May 22nd 2015, Section 46.05 called "registration pursuant to the National Firearms Act" a "defense to prosecution".[2]

Peaceable journey laws?
Yes
Yes
PC 46.02, PC 46.15
A person may carry a loaded handgun without a permit while in or heading directly to a motor vehicle or watercraft they own or control. The statute does not specifically state the handgun must be concealed while heading to the vehicle or watercraft, and 46.02, which requires concealment of a handgun while in a motor vehicle or watercraft, is not applicable to a person while the person is traveling, pursuant to said activities. 46.15(b)(2).

Castle doctrine/ stand your ground law?
Yes
Yes
PC 9.32
A person is presumed justified in using deadly force to protect themselves against an unlawful, forceful intrusion into their dwelling, or to prevent an unlawful, forceful attempt to remove a lawful occupant from the dwelling, or to prevent certain serious felonies such as burglary or arson. There is no duty to retreat from any place where the shooter has a legal right to be.

Background checks required for private sales?
No
No

tag: table

text: Firearms possession[edit]

text: Texas has no laws regarding possession of any firearm regardless of age, without felony convictions; all existing restrictions in State law mirror Federal law. A person of any age, except certain Felons, can possess a firearm such as at a firing range. Texas and Federal law only regulate the ownership of all firearms to 18 years of age or older, and regulate the transfer of handguns to 21 years or older by FFL dealers. However, a private citizen may sell, gift, lease etc. a handgun to anyone over 18 who is not Felon. NFA weapons are also only subject to Federal restrictions; no State regulations exist. Municipal and county ordinances on possession and carry are generally overridden (preempted) due to the wording of the Texas Constitution, which gives the Texas Legislature (and it alone) the power to "regulate the wearing of arms, with a view to prevent crime".[4] Penal Code Section 1.08 also prohibits local jurisdictions from enacting or enforcing any law that conflicts with State statute. Local ordinances restricting discharge of a firearm are generally allowed as State law has little or no specification thereof, but such restrictions do not preempt State law concerning justification of use of force and deadly force.

text: In Texas a convicted felon may possess a firearm in the residence in which he lives once five years have elapsed from his release from prison or parole, whichever is later. Under Texas Penal Code §§ 12.33, 46.04, the unlawful possession of a firearm is a third degree felony with a punishment range of two to ten years for a defendant with one prior felony conviction and fine up to $10,001.

text: Firearms carry[edit]

text: There is no legal statute specifically prohibiting the carry of a firearm other than a handgun (pre-1899 black powder weapons, and replicas of such, are not legally firearms in Texas).[5] However, if the firearm is displayed in a manner "calculated to cause alarm," then it is "disorderly conduct". Open carry of a handgun in public had long been illegal in Texas, except when the carrier was on property he/she owned or had lawful control over, was legally hunting, or was participating in some gun-related public event such as a gun show. However, the 2015 Texas Legislature passed a bill to allow concealed handgun permit holders to begin carrying handguns openly. The bill was signed into law on June 13, 2015, and took effect on January 1, 2016. A License to Carry (LTC) is still required to carry a handgun openly or concealed in public.

text: License to Carry[edit]

text: The Texas handgun carry permit was previously called a "Concealed Handgun License" or CHL. This has changed on Jan 1. 2016 to LTC "License To Carry" and at the same time the laws changed to include "Open Carry". Permits are issued on a non-discretionary ("shall-issue") basis to all eligible, qualified applicants. Texas has full reciprocity agreements with 30 states, not including Vermont (which is an "unrestricted" state and neither issues nor requires permits), most of these having some residency restrictions (the holder must either be a resident of Texas or a non-resident of the reciprocal state for the Texas license to be valid in that state). Texas recognizes an additional 11 states' concealed-carry permits unilaterally; those states do not recognize Texas' own permit as valid within their jurisdiction, usually due to some lesser requirement of the Texas permit compared to their own.

text: The handgun licensing law sets out the eligibility criteria that must be met. For example, an applicant must be eligible to purchase a handgun under the State and Federal laws (including an age restriction of 21), however an exception is granted to active members of the military who are age 18 and over. Additionally, a number of factors may make a person ineligible (temporarily or permanently) to obtain a license, including:

text:
felony convictions (permanent) and Class A or B misdemeanors (5 years, permanent in cases of domestic violence), including charges that resulted in probation or deferred adjudication;
pending criminal charges (indefinite until resolved);
chemical or alcohol dependency (defined as 2 convictions for substance-related offenses in a 10-year period; 10-year ban from the date of the first conviction);
certain types of psychological diagnoses (indefinite until the condition is testified by a medical professional as being in remission);
protective or restraining orders (indefinite until rescinded); or
defaults on taxes, student loans, child support and/or other governmental fees (indefinite until resolved).[6]

text: This last category, though having little to do with a person's ability to own a firearm, is in keeping with Texas policy for any licensing; those who are delinquent or in default on State-regulated debts or court judgments are generally barred from obtaining or renewing any State-issued license (including driver licenses), as an incentive to settle those debts.

text: "Information regarding any psychiatric, drug, alcohol, or criminal history" is required only from new users.[7] Renewals are required every five years, but are granted without further inquiry into or update of this information.

text: An eligible person wishing to obtain an LTC (formerly CHL) must take a State-set instruction course taught by a licensed instructor for a minimum of 4 hours and a maximum of 6 hours, covering topics such as applicable laws, conflict resolution, criminal/civil liability, and handgun safety, and pass a practical qualification at a firing range with a handgun.[6] The caliber requirement was repealed on September 1, 2017.[8] Such courses vary in cost, but are typically around $100–$125 for new applicants (usually not including the cost of ammunition and other shooting supplies; the practical qualification requires firing 50 rounds of ammunition). They may then apply, providing a picture, fingerprints, other documentation, and a $40 application fee[9] (as of September 1, 2017; previously $140 and $70 for renewals), – active and discharged military are eligible for discounts – to the DPS, which processes the application, runs a federal background check, and if all is well, issues the permit. Permits are valid for five years, and allow resident holders to carry in 29 other states (nonresidents may carry in all but four of those),[10] due to reciprocity agreements.[11] Discounted LTC fees vary from $0 for active duty military (through one year after discharge), to $25 for military veterans.[12]

text: College Carry Laws[edit]

text: Restrictions on licensed carry[edit]

text: While a permitted resident of Texas (or a nonresident holding a recognized permit) is generally authorized to carry in most public places, there are State and Federal laws that still restrict a permit holder from carrying a weapon in certain situations. These include:

text:
Federal buildings - Premises owned by the U.S. Federal Government or its agencies for the purpose of any official business of the Federal Government are covered by Federal statutes that supersede State law. It is illegal in general under said statutes to possess a firearm while in any such location, and possession of a State-issued concealed firearms permit is no defense. Such places commonly encountered include post offices, Federal courts, and offices of the IRS, FBI, Justice Department, Department of Energy, USDA, FDA, etc. A rider tied to the 2009 Federal CARD Act has restricted the Department of the Interior from enacting or enforcing restrictions on carry of arms within lands controlled by the Bureau of Land Management; CHL permittees may carry concealed while in a federal park or wildlife preserve contained wholly or partially within the borders of the State of Texas. However, Army Corps of Engineers properties (including all reservoir lakes and included park areas) are still off-limits.
Schools - Concealed carry in a school may be a felony under TPC section 46.03: "A person commits an offense if the person intentionally, knowingly, or recklessly possesses or goes with a firearm, illegal knife, club, or prohibited weapon listed in Section 46.05(a): …on the physical premises of a school or educational institution, any grounds or building on which an activity sponsored by a school or educational institution is being conducted, or a passenger transportation vehicle of a school or educational institution, whether the school or educational institution is public or private, unless pursuant to written regulations or written authorization of the institution [emphasis added]."[13] The age/grade level, funding type or for-profit status of the school does not matter. Carry of a concealed weapon while in a public outdoor area surrounding an educational building is permitted; as defined by TPC 46.035(f)(3), "premises" refers only to a building or part of a building, and does not refer to driveways, streets, sidewalks, parking lots, parking garages, or privately owned vehicles.[12] Employees of schools will be able to keep their firearms within their vehicles as of September 1, 2017.[8]
Public sporting events - It is a Class A misdemeanor to carry while inside a building currently being used for an interscholastic or professional sporting event, unless the person carrying is a participant in the sporting event and said sporting event requires the use of the firearm (i.e. a target shooting competition).
Businesses posting a compliant "51% sign" - It is a felony to carry a firearm while on the premises of a business that makes more than 51% of its revenue from the sale of alcoholic beverages for on-premises consumption (colloquially "bars", "nightclubs", "taverns", "saloons", etc.). A person with a LTC that is in violation has a defense that the establishment did not post the proper signage, as required by the Government Code section 411.204. The proper signage contains similar language as is required of all liquor license holders, but with the addition of a couple of words to prohibit licensed as well as unlicensed carry, and a background containing a red "51%" to make it obvious at a glance that the sign applies to LTC holders.
Correctional facilities - It is a felony, whether licensed or not, to carry inside a building generally termed a "jail" or "prison".
Execution premises - within 1,000 feet of premises the location of which is designated by the Texas Department of Criminal Justice as a place of execution under Article 43.19, Code of Criminal Procedure, on a day that a sentence of death is set to be imposed on the designated premises and the person received notice that: (A) going within 1,000 feet of the premises with a weapon listed under this subsection was prohibited; or (B) possessing a weapon listed under this subsection within 1,000 feet of the premises was prohibited.
Courts or court offices - It is a felony, whether licensed or not, to carry inside a building used by a functioning municipal, state or federal court for official business. Exceptions are granted to certain employees of those offices, such as judges, attorneys, baliffs, and law enforcement officials.
Election polling places - It is a felony, whether licensed or not, to carry inside a building being used as a polling center for any municipal, state and/or federal elections process on the scheduled voting date or while polling is underway. This is significant, as a local business or other generally public building, which would normally not prohibit concealed carry, may offer their facilities for use as a polling place. A person would be in violation if they entered the building on the day voting occurs, even if the polls are not open at the time, and even if the license holder is there for some other purpose than to vote.
Racetracks - It is a felony, whether licensed or not, to carry a firearm on the premises of a racetrack (horse or dog).
While intoxicated - LTC holders may not carry in any place or at any time while intoxicated (Penal Code 46.035.), defined as: (a) not having the normal use of mental or physical faculties by reason of the introduction of alcohol, a controlled substance, a drug, a dangerous drug, a combination of two or more of those substances, or any other substance into the body; or (B) having an alcohol concentration of 0.08 percent BAC or more (Penal Code 49.01.)

text: 30.06 signage[edit]

text: TPC section 30.06 covers "Trespass by a person licensed to carry a concealed handgun". It allows a residential or commercial landowner to post signage that preemptively bars licensed persons from entering the premises while carrying concealed. It is a Class A misdemeanor to fail to heed compliant signage. As of January 1, 2016, the charge for failing to heed signage has been reduced to a Class C misdemeanor, unless it can be shown at trial that the actor was given oral notice and failed to depart, in which case it remains a Class A misdemeanor. This is a significant difference, in that conviction of a Class A or B misdemeanor will result in the loss of your handgun license for at least 5 years, this is not the case if convicted of a Class C misdemeanor.

text: Signs posted in compliance with TPC 30.06 are colloquially called "30.06 signs" or "30.06 signage".

text:
The courts have yet to rule on any specific requirements of 30.06, but LTC permittees are generally instructed that signage which does not comply exactly with TPC Sec. 30.06(c)(3)(B) is not binding. The law states a compliant sign must be:

In contrasting colors;
With block letters;
Having text 1" or greater in height;
Containing "identical" text to the following:

"Pursuant to Section 30.06, Penal Code (trespass by license holder with a concealed handgun), a person licensed under Subchapter H, Chapter 411, Government Code (handgun licensing law), may not enter this property with a concealed handgun"[14]

In both English and Spanish;
Posted conspicuously and "clearly visible to the public".

Hospitals are a gray area due to conflicts in the law and multiple provisions that may apply to a medical facility:

License holders were originally prohibited from carrying concealed inside a hospital without written authorization, under TPS 46.035(b)(4).
An amendment in 2007 added paragraph (i) to the same section, stating that (b)(4) the prohibition does not apply if the license holder did not receive notice (oral or written communication, including posting of a sign, under TPC 30.06) of the prohibition.
But, a hospital may be a "teaching hospital" and considered a school, where firearms carry is prohibited, under TPC 46.03(a)(1).
It may also be a VA or military hospital, and thus subject to federal prohibition on weapons carry.
All hospitals are required under Government Code Section 411.204(b) to post a sign stating that possession of a handgun whether licensed or not is a felony. It is unknown, given the amendments to 46.035, whether the GC 411.204 signage would actually prohibit a CHL holder from carrying, as it would not constitute "effective notice under section 30.06" and GC 411.204 does not describe failure to heed such a sign as an offense by the license holder.

Anyone who owns or controls property may orally or in writing, inform a person carrying a concealed handgun that they must leave the property.

text: Open Carry[edit]

text: As of January 1, 2016, holders of a Texas CHL or LTC are able to openly carry handguns in the same places that allow concealed carry with some exceptions. Openly carried handguns must be in a shoulder or belt holster.

text: Existing CHL holders may continue to carry with a valid license. New applicants will be required to complete training on the use of restraint holsters and methods to ensure the secure carry of openly carried handguns.

text: Exceptions to Open Carry

text:
Open carry is not permitted on the premises of a public institution of higher education or on the premises of a private or independent institution of higher education
Open carry is not permitted on any public or private driveway, street, sidewalk or walkway, parking lot, parking garage or other parking area of an institution of higher education or private or independent institution of higher education
Open carry is not permitted by an individual who is acting as a personal protection officer under Chapter 1702 Texas Occupations Code and is not wearing a uniform[15]

text: 30.07 signage[edit]

text: This law took effect January 1, 2016, and covers the new Open Carry law. Section 30.07 is substantially similar to Section 30.06 which covers concealed carry.

text: TPC section 30.07 covers "Trespass by license holder with an openly carried handgun" This allows a residential or commercial landowner to post signage that preemptively bars licensed persons from entering the premises while openly carrying a handgun. An offense under section 30.07 is a Class C misdemeanor, unless it is shown at trial that the actor was given oral notice and failed to depart, in which case the offense is a Class A misdemeanor. The 30.07 sign differs from the 30.06 sign in that it must be displayed at each entrance to the property. (In both cases the sign must be "clearly visible to the public".)

text: The law states that notice may be given orally by the owner of the property, or someone with apparent authority to act for the owner, or by written communication.

text: Written communication consists of a card or other document consisting the 30.07 language below, or a sign posted on the property.

text: Both written communication and a posted sign must contain language identical to the following (30.07 notice):

text:
"Pursuant to section 30.07, Penal Code (trespass by license holder with an openly carried handgun), a person licensed under Subchapter H, Chapter 411, Government Code (handgun licensing law), may not enter this property with a handgun that is carried openly"
Additionally, signs posted on the property must conform to the following regulations:

Must include the 30.07 notice above in both English and Spanish
Must appear in contrasting colors
Must be in block letters at least one inch in height
Must be "displayed in a conspicuous manner clearly visible to the public at each entrance to the property"

text: Castle Doctrine[edit]

text: On March 27, 2007, Governor Rick Perry signed Senate Bill 378 into law, making Texas a "Castle Doctrine" state which came into effect September 1, 2007.[17] Residents lawfully occupying a dwelling may use deadly force against a person who "unlawfully, and with force, enters or attempts to enter the dwelling", or who unlawfully and with force removes or attempts to remove someone from that dwelling, or who commits or attempts to commit a "qualifying" felony such as "aggravated kidnapping, murder, sexual assault, aggravated sexual assault, robbery, or aggravated robbery" (TPC 9.32(b)).

text: Stand Your Ground[edit]

text: Senate Bill 378 also contains a "Stand Your Ground" clause; A person who has a legal right to be wherever he/she is at the time of a defensive shooting has no "duty to retreat" before being justified in shooting. The "trier of fact" (the jury in a jury trial, otherwise the judge) may not consider whether the person retreated when deciding whether the person was justified in shooting (TPC 9.32(c,d)).

text: Civil Immunity[edit]

text: In addition, two statutes of the Texas Civil Practice And Remedies Code protect people who justifiably threaten or use deadly force. Chapter 86 prohibits a person convicted of a misdemeanor or felony from filing suit to recover any damages suffered as a result of the criminal act or any justifiable action taken by others to prevent the criminal act or to apprehend the person, including the firing of a weapon.[18] Chapter 83 of the same code states that a person who used force or deadly force against an individual that is justified under TPC Chapter 9 is immune from liability for personal injury or death of the individual against whom the force was used.[19] This does not relieve a person from liability for use of force or deadly force on someone against whom the force would not be justified, such as a bystander hit by an errant shot.

text: This law does not prevent a person from being sued for using deadly force. The civil court will determine if the defendant was justified under chapter 9 of the Penal Code.

text: Motorists Protection Act[edit]

text: Gov. Perry also signed H.B. 1815 after passage by the 2007 Legislature, a bill that allows any Texas resident to carry a handgun in the resident's motor vehicle without a CHL or other permit.[20] The bill revised Chapter 46, Section 2 of the Penal Code to state that it is in fact not "Unlawful Carry of a Weapon", as defined by the statute, for a person to carry a handgun while in a motor vehicle they own or control, or to carry while heading directly from the person's home to that car. However, lawful carry while in a vehicle requires these four critical qualifiers: (1) the weapon must not be in plain sight (in Texas law, "plain sight" and "concealed" are mutually exclusive opposing terms);[21] (2) the carrier cannot be involved in criminal activities, other than Class C traffic misdemeanors; (3) the carrier cannot be prohibited by state or federal law from possessing a firearm; and (4) the carrier cannot be a member of a criminal gang.[22][23]

text: Previous legislation (H.B. 823) enacted in the 2005 session of the Legislature had modified TPC 46.15 ("Non-Applicability") to include the "traveller assumption"; a law enforcement officer who encounters a firearm in a vehicle was required to presume that the driver of that vehicle was "travelling" under a pre-existing provision of 46.15, and thus the Unlawful Carry statute did not apply, absent evidence that the person was engaged in criminal activity, a member of a gang, or prohibited from possessing a firearm. However, attorneys and law enforcement officials in several municipalities including DA Chuck Rosenthal of Houston stated that they would continue to prosecute individuals found transporting firearms in their vehicles despite this presumption,[24] leading to the more forceful statement of non-applicability in the 2007 H.B. 1815.

text: National Firearms Act[edit]

text: Possession of destructive devices, automatic firearms (machine guns), short-barrel shotguns (SBS), short-barrel rifles (SBR), suppressors, smoothbore pistols and other such NFA-restricted weapons is permitted by Texas law as long the owner has registered the item(s) into the NFA registry. This registration is legal if the owner possesses the proper forms, processed in accordance with the National Firearms Act which includes a paid tax stamp and approval by the NFA branch of the BATFE.[25]


document_title: List of Governors of Texas

question_text: who was the first republican governor of texas following reconstruction

text: List of Governors of Texas

text: Governors of Spanish Texas[edit]

text: See: List of Texas Governors and Presidents

text: Governors of Mexican Texas[edit]

text: Presidents of the Republic of Texas[edit]

text: See: President of the Republic of Texas#List of presidents and vice presidents

text: Governors of Texas[edit]

text:
Number of Governors of Texas by party affiliation

Party
Governors

Democratic
39

Republican
7

Unionist
1

Independent
1

Military
1

text:
#
Governor
Term in office
Party
Election
Prior office
Lt. Governor

1

James Pinckney Henderson
March 31, 1808 - June 4, 1858
(Aged 50)
February 19, 1846
-
December 21, 1847
Democratic
1845
Minister to England and France Republic of Texas
(1837-1840)

Albert Clinton Horton

2

George T. Wood
March 12, 1795 - September 3, 1858
(Aged 63)
December 21, 1847
–
December 21, 1849
Democratic
1847
Texas State Senator
(1846-1847)

John Alexander Greer

3

Peter Hansborough Bell
May 11, 1810 - March 8, 1898
(Aged 87)
December 21, 1849
–
November 23, 1853
Democratic
1849
Lieutenant colonel of the Second Regiment Texas Mounted Volunteers
(1845-1949)

1851
[15]

James W. Henderson
[16]

4

James W. Henderson
August 15, 1817 - August 30, 1880
(Aged 63)
November 23, 1853
–
December 21, 1853
Democratic
3rd Lieutenant Governor of Texas
(1851-1853)
Office vacant

5

Elisha M. Pease
January 3, 1812 - August 26, 1883
(Aged 71)
December 21, 1853
–
December 21, 1857
Unionist
1853
Texas State Senator
(1849-1851)

David Catchings Dickson

1855

Hardin Richard Runnels

6

Hardin R. Runnels
August 30, 1820 - December 25, 1873
(Aged 53)
December 21, 1857
–
December 21, 1859
Democratic
1857
3rd Lieutenant Governor of Texas
(1855-1857)

Francis Lubbock

7

Sam Houston
March 2, 1793 - July 26, 1863
(Aged 70)
December 21, 1859
–
March 16, 1861
Independent
1859
[17]
U.S. Senator from Texas
(1846-1859)

Edward Clark
[16]

8

Edward Clark
April 1, 1815 - May 4, 1880
(Aged 65)
March 18, 1861
–
November 7, 1861
Democratic
7th Lieutenant Governor of Texas
(1859-1861)
Office vacant

9

Francis Lubbock
October 16, 1815 - June 22, 1905
(Aged 89)
November 7, 1861
–
November 5, 1863
Democratic
1861
6th Lieutenant Governor of Texas
(1857-1859)

John McClannahan Crockett

10

Pendleton Murrah
1824 or 1826 - August 4, 1865
(Aged about 40)
November 5, 1863
–
June 17, 1865
Democratic
1863
[18]
Texas State Representative
(1857)

Fletcher Summerfield Stockdale
[19]

-

Fletcher Summerfield Stockdale
1823 or 1825 - February 4, 1890
(Aged about 67)
June 11, 1865
–
June 16, 1865
Military
9th Lieutenant Governor of Texas
(1863-1865)
Office vacant

11

Andrew Jackson Hamilton
January 28, 1815 - April 11, 1875
(Aged 60)
June 16, 1865
–
August 9, 1866
[20]
Democratic-Military
Texas State Senator-Elect
(1861)

12

James W. Throckmorton
February 1, 1825 - April 21, 1894
(Aged 69)
August 9, 1866
–
August 8, 1867
Democratic
1866
[21]
Captain of the 6th Texas Cavalry Regiment Confederate Army
(1861-1863)

George Washington Jones

13

Elisha M. Pease
January 3, 1812 - August 26, 1883
(Aged 71)
August 8, 1867
–
September 30, 1869
[21][22]
Republican
5th Governor of Texas
(1853-1857)
Office vacant

14

Edmund J. Davis
October 2, 1827 - February 7, 1883
(Aged 55)
January 8, 1870
–
January 15, 1874
Republican
1869
[23]
Brigadier General of the First Texas Cavalry Regiment Union Army
(1862-1865)

15

Richard Coke
March 18, 1829 - May 14, 1897
(Aged 68)
January 15, 1874
–
December 1, 1876
Democratic
1873
Associate Justice of the Texas Supreme Court
(1866-1867)

Richard B. Hubbard
[16]

1876
[24]

16

Richard B. Hubbard
November 1, 1832 - July 12, 1901
(Aged 68)
December 1, 1876
–
January 21, 1879
Democratic
16th Lieutenant Governor of Texas
(1874-1876)
Office vacant

17

Oran Milo Roberts
July 9, 1815 – May 19, 1898
(Aged 82)
January 21, 1879
–
January 16, 1883
Democratic
1878
7th Chief Justice of the Texas Supreme Court
(1874-1879)

Joseph D. Sayers

1880

Leonidas Jefferson Storey

18

John Ireland
January 1, 1827 – March 15, 1896
(Aged 69)
January 16, 1883
–
January 18, 1887
Democratic
1882
Associate Justice of the Texas Supreme Court
(1875-1876)

Francis Marion Martin

1884

Barnett Gibbs

19

Lawrence Sullivan "Sul" Ross
September 27, 1838 – January 3, 1898
(Aged 59)
January 18, 1887
–
January 20, 1891
Democratic
1886
Texas State Senator
(1881-1883)

Thomas Benton Wheeler

1888

20

Jim Hogg
March 24, 1851 – March 3, 1906
(Aged 54)
January 20, 1891
–
January 15, 1895
Democratic
1890
21st Attorney General of Texas
(1887-1891)

George Cassety Pendleton

1892

Martin McNulty Crane

21

Charles A. Culberson
June 10, 1855 – March 19, 1925
(Aged 69)
January 15, 1895
–
January 17, 1899
Democratic
1894
22nd Attorney General of Texas
(1891-1895)

George Taylor Jester

1896

22

Joseph D. Sayers
September 23, 1841 – May 15, 1929
(Aged 87)
January 17, 1899
–
January 20, 1903
Democratic
1898
U.S. Representative for Texas' 9th district
(1893-1899)

James Browning

1900

23

S. W. T. Lanham
July 4, 1846 – July 29, 1908
(Aged 62)
January 20, 1903
–
January 15, 1907
Democratic
1902
U.S. Representative for Texas' 8th district
(1897-1903)

George D. Neal

1904

24

Thomas Mitchell Campbell
April 22, 1856 – April 1, 1923
(Aged 66)
January 15, 1907
–
January 17, 1911
Democratic
1906
General Manager of the Railroad
(1892-1897)

Asbury Bascom Davidson

1908

25

Oscar Branch Colquitt
December 16, 1861 – March 8, 1940
(Aged 78)
January 17, 1911
–
January 19, 1915
Democratic
1910
Texas Railroad Commissioner
(1903-1911)

1912

William Harding Mayes

26

James E. "Pa" Ferguson
August 31, 1871 – September 21, 1944
(Aged 73)
January 19, 1915
–
August 25, 1917
Democratic
1914
Local banker
(since 1906)

William P. Hobby
[25]

1916
[26]

27

William P. Hobby
March 26, 1878 – June 7, 1964
(Aged 86)
August 25, 1917
–
January 18, 1921
Democratic
24th Lieutenant Governor of Texas
(1915-1917)
Office vacant

1918

Willard Arnold Johnson

28

Pat Morris Neff
November 26, 1871 – January 20, 1952
(Aged 80)
January 18, 1921
–
January 20, 1925
Democratic
1920
Texas State Representative
(1899-1903)

Lynch Davidson

1922

Thomas Whitfield Davidson

29

Miriam A. "Ma" Ferguson
June 13, 1875 – June 25, 1961
(Aged 86)
January 20, 1925
–
January 18, 1927
Democratic
1924
First Lady of Texas
(1915–1917)

Barry Miller

30

Dan Moody
June 1, 1893 – May 22, 1966
(Aged 72)
January 18, 1927
–
January 20, 1931
Democratic
1926
32nd Attorney General of Texas
(1931–1935)

1928

31

Ross S. Sterling
February 11, 1875 – March 25, 1949
(Aged 74)
January 20, 1931
–
January 17, 1933
Democratic
1930
Chairman of the Texas Highway Commission
(1930)

Edgar E. Witt

32

Miriam A. "Ma" Ferguson
June 13, 1875 – June 25, 1961
(Aged 86)
January 17, 1933
–
January 15, 1935
Democratic
1932
29th Governor of Texas
(1925-1927)

33

James Allred
March 29, 1899 – September 24, 1959
(Aged 60)
January 15, 1935
–
January 17, 1939
Democratic
1934
35th Attorney General of Texas
(1931–1935)

Walter Frank Woodul

1936

34

Wilbert Lee "Pappy" O'Daniel
March 11, 1890 – May 11, 1969
(Aged 79)
January 17, 1939
–
August 4, 1941
Democratic
1938
President of the Fort Worth Chamber of Commerce
(1933-1934)

Coke R. Stevenson
[25]

1940
[27]

35

Coke R. Stevenson
March 20, 1888 – June 28, 1975
(Aged 87)
August 4, 1941
–
January 21, 1947
Democratic
31st Lieutenant Governor of Texas
(1939-1941)
Office vacant

1942

John Lee Smith

1944

36

Beauford H. Jester
January 12, 1893 – July 11, 1949
(Aged 56)
January 21, 1947
–
July 11, 1949
Democratic
1946
Member of the Texas Railroad Commission
(1943-1947)

Allan Shivers
[25]

1948
[28]

37

Allan Shivers
October 5, 1907 – January 14, 1985
(Aged 77)
July 11, 1949
–
January 15, 1957
Democratic
33rd Lieutenant Governor of Texas
(1947-1949)
Office vacant

1950

Ben Ramsey

1952

1954

38

Price Daniel
October 10, 1910 – August 25, 1988
(Aged 77)
January 15, 1957
–
January 15, 1963
Democratic
1956
U.S. Senator from Texas
(1953-1957)

1958

1960

Office vacant

39

John Connally
February 27, 1917 – June 15, 1993
(Aged 76)
January 15, 1963
–
January 21, 1969
Democratic
1962
56th United States Secretary of the Navy
(1961)

Preston Smith

1964

1966

40

Preston Smith
March 8, 1912 – October 18, 2003
(Aged 91)
January 21, 1969
–
January 16, 1973
Democratic
1968
35th Lieutenant Governor of Texas
(1963-1969)

Ben Barnes

1970

41

Dolph Briscoe
April 23, 1923 – June 27, 2010
(Aged 87)
January 16, 1973
–
January 16, 1979
Democratic
1972
Texas State Representative
(1949-1957)

William P. Hobby Jr.

1974

42

Bill Clements
April 13, 1917 – May 29, 2011
(Aged 94)
January 16, 1979
–
January 18, 1983
Republican
1978
15th United States Deputy Secretary of Defense
(1973-1977)

43

Mark White
March 17, 1940 – August 5, 2017
(Aged 77)
January 18, 1983
–
January 20, 1987
Democratic
1982
46th Attorney General of Texas
(1979-1983)

44

Bill Clements
April 13, 1917 – May 29, 2011
(Aged 94)
January 20, 1987
–
January 15, 1991
Republican
1986
42nd Governor of Texas
(1979-1983)

45

Ann Richards
September 1, 1933 – September 13, 2006
(Aged 73)
January 15, 1991
–
January 17, 1995
Democratic
1990
Treasurer of Texas
(1983-1991)

Bob Bullock

46

George W. Bush
July 6, 1946 (Age 71)
January 17, 1995
–
December 21, 2000
Republican
1994
Managing General Partner of the Texas Rangers
(1989-1994)

1998
[29]

Rick Perry

47

Rick Perry
March 4, 1950 (Age 68)
December 21, 2000
–
January 20, 2015
Republican
39th Lieutenant Governor of Texas
(1999-2000)

Bill Ratliff

2002

David Dewhurst

2006

2010

48

Greg Abbott
November 13, 1957 (Age 60)
January 20, 2015
–
Incumbent
Republican
2014
[30]
50th Attorney General of Texas
(2002-2015)

Dan Patrick

text: Other high offices held[edit]

text:
Governor
Gubernatorial Term
Other high offices held

James Pinckney Henderson
1846–1847
U.S. Senator (1857–1858)

Peter Hansborough Bell
1849–1853
U.S. Representative (1853–1857)

Sam Houston
1859–1861
U.S. Representative from Tennessee (1823–1827), Governor of Tennessee (1827–1829), President of Texas (1836–1838, 1841–1844), U.S. Senator (1846–1859)

Andrew Jackson Hamilton
1865–1866
U.S. Representative (1859–1861)

James W. Throckmorton
1866–1867
U.S. Representative (1875–1879, 1883–1887)

Richard Coke
1874–1876
U.S. Senator (1877–1895)

Richard B. Hubbard
1876–1879
Minister to Japan (1885–1889)

Charles Allen Culberson
1895–1899
U.S. Senator (1899–1923)

Joseph D. Sayers
1899–1903
U.S. Representative (1885–1893, 1893–1899)

S. W. T. Lanham
1903–1907
U.S. Representative (1883–1893, 1897–1903)

W. Lee O'Daniel
1939–1941
U.S. Senator (1941–1949)

Price Daniel
1957–1963
U.S. Senator (1953–1957)

John Connally
1963–1969
U.S. Secretary of the Navy (1961), U.S. Secretary of the Treasury (1971–1972)

Bill Clements
1979–1983
1987–1991
U.S. Deputy Secretary of Defense (1973–1977)

George W. Bush
1995–2000
43rd President of the United States (2001–2009)

Rick Perry
2000–2015
United States Secretary of Energy

text: Living former governors of Texas[edit]

text: Currently, there are two living former governors of Texas. The most recent death of a former governor was that of Mark White (1983–1987), who died on August 5, 2017. The most recently serving governor of Texas who has died is Ann Richards (1991–1995, born 1933), who died on September 13, 2006. Pictured in order of service:

text:
George W. Bush
(1995–2000)
(1946-07-06) July 6, 1946 (age 71)

Rick Perry
(2000–2015)
(1950-03-04) March 4, 1950 (age 68)

text: Gubernatorial trivia[edit]

text: Background[edit]

text: Texas has had two female governors: Miriam A. "Ma" Ferguson and Ann Richards. Ferguson was one of the first two women elected governor of a U.S. state (on November 4, 1924), along with Nellie Tayloe Ross of Wyoming. Ross was inaugurated on January 5, 1925, while Ferguson was inaugurated on January 20, so Ross is considered the first female state governor. Ferguson was the wife of former governor Jim "Pa" Ferguson, while Richards was elected "in her own right," being neither the spouse nor widow of a governor.

text: Texas governors have been born in fourteen states: Alabama, Connecticut, Florida, Georgia, Iowa, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, Ohio, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, and Virginia.

text: Baylor University is the most common alma mater of Texas governors, with five of them - Lawrence Sullivan Ross, Pat Morris Neff, Price Daniel, Mark White, and Ann Richards - considered alumni (though Ross attended but never completed a degree). To date, Coke Stevenson is the most recent governor who never attended college, and Bill Clements is the most recent who attended college but did not graduate.

text: Elections[edit]

text: Three governors have served non-consecutive terms: Elisha M. Pease, Miriam A. Ferguson, and Bill Clements. As was the case in most Southern states, Texas did not elect any Republican governor from the end of Reconstruction until the late twentieth century. Bill Clements was the state's first Republican governor since Edmund J. Davis left office in 1874, 105 years earlier. Dolph Briscoe was the last governor to be elected to a two-year term, in 1972; he was also the first to be elected to a four-year term, in 1974, since the post-Reconstruction period when two-year terms had first been established. Rick Perry, who ascended to the governorship on December 21, 2000 upon the resignation of then-Governor George W. Bush, won full four-year terms in 2002, 2006 and 2010.

text: Texas governors in popular culture[edit]

text: W. Lee "Pappy" O'Daniel served as the inspiration for the fictional, but similarly named, Mississippi Governor Menelaus "Pappy" O'Daniel, in the film O Brother, Where Art Thou?

text: Ann Richards had a cameo appearance on an episode of the animated comedy series King of the Hill, in which she has a brief romance with Bill Dauterive after he takes the fall for mooning her in the elevator of an Austin hotel (Hank actually mooned her because he thought his friends were going to be mooning the people in the elevator but they set him up).