document_title: List of To Kill a Mockingbird characters

question_text: who is the girl in to kill a mockingbird

text: Primary characters[edit]

text: Atticus Finch[edit]

text: Atticus Finch is the middle-aged father of Jem and Scout Finch. He is a lawyer and was once known as "the deadliest shot in Maycomb County". Although he was a good shot, he does not like to mention the fact as he does not like the thought of having an advantage over people. He appears to support racial equality and was appointed to represent Tom Robinson, a black man who has been accused of raping a young white woman, Mayella Ewell. The town disapproves of him defending Tom especially when he makes clear his intent to defend Tom Robinson to the best of his abilities. He is portrayed by Gregory Peck in the film adaptation of To Kill a Mockingbird.

text: "Scout" Finch[edit]

text: Jean Louise "Scout" Finch is the narrator and To Kill a Mockingbird is told by an adult Scout who often comments on how she could not understand something at the time but now can appreciate it. She gets in trouble with her teacher Miss Caroline because Miss Caroline expects Scout to learn reading and writing her way. She is a tomboy and spends the most of her time with her brother Jem and best friend Dill. To Jem’s advice to pretend to be a lady and start sewing or something, she answers ‘Hell no.’ The rare hints the narrator gives us about her grown-up life reveal that she ultimately hasn’t changed herself for others.[2]

text: She matures from age 6 to age 9 as the novel progresses but remains naive and idealistic, despite an increased understanding of human nature and racism in her town. At the beginning of the book, Scout is confused by some of the words and names she hears people directing towards her father, such as "nigger-lover". Being only six, Scout does not know how to handle such situations so she tries to resolve her problems by fighting, or by talking to Atticus about what she has heard. By the end of the book, Scout realizes that racism does exist and comes to terms with its presence in her town. Scout also learns how to deal with others, including the Finch family housekeeper, Calpurnia, and her aunt, Alexandra. Scout is the only one of the novel's primary three children (Dill, Jem, and herself) to see and speak to Boo Radley during the course of the novel and realize that he is harmless, despite her initial fear of him. She also stops a mob that is trying to lynch Tom Robinson by talking to the mob leader, Mr. Cunningham, about inviting his son, Walter, over for dinner. Mr. Cunningham then tells the other mob members to get back in their cars and leave them alone. The members listen, and Scout unintentionally saves Tom Robinson's life. She is portrayed by Mary Badham in the film adaption of To Kill a Mockingbird.

text: Notable quote: "Until I feared I would lose it, I never loved to read. One does not love breathing." [3]

text: "Jem" Finch[edit]

text: Jeremy Atticus "Jem" Finch is Atticus' son and Scout's older brother by four years. Jem matures greatly throughout the course of the novel, much more affected by events than Scout seems to be. Being four years Scout's senior, Jem is seen to have a greater understanding of - and therefore greater difficulty in navigating - the obstacles thrown their way. Jem is seen explaining many things to Scout throughout the novel. Bob Ewell breaks Jem's arm, subsequently resulting in it being shorter than it had been, in an attempt to protect his sister. He is portrayed by Phillip Alford in the film adaptation of To Kill a Mockingbird.

text: Dill Harris[edit]

text: Charles Baker "Dill" Harris is a short, smart boy who visits Maycomb every summer from Meridian, Mississippi, and stays with his Aunt Rachel (Aunt Stephanie in the film). Dill is the best friend of both Jem and Scout, and his goal throughout the novel is to get Boo Radley to come out of his house. The children concoct many plans to lure Boo Radley out of his house for a few summers until Atticus tells them to stop. In chapter 5 of the novel, Dill promises to marry Scout and they become "engaged". One night Dill runs away from his home in Meridian, arriving in Maycomb County where he hides under Scout's bed. When she finds Dill, he tells both Scout and Atticus that he was chained to a wall in his father's basement; later, he confesses he actually ran away because he felt he was being replaced by his stepfather. Before Dill returned to Meridian after the summer, he went swimming with Jem at the Barker's Eddy creek. Scout, unfortunately, was unable to participate, because both boys were swimming naked.

text: Unlike Scout and Jem, Dill lacks the security of family support. He is unwanted and unloved by his mother and stepfather: "They do get on a lot better without me, I cannot help them any." As Francis (a cousin of Jem and Scout) says, "He hasn't got a home, he just gets passed around from relative to relative." Dill maintains he has no father; he doesn't know where his father might live, or if he will ever come back. He is played by John Megna in the film adaption of To Kill a Mockingbird.

text: This character is believed to be based on author Truman Capote, a childhood friend of Harper Lee.[citation needed]

text: Calpurnia[edit]

text: Calpurnia, nicknamed Cal, is the Finch family's African-American housekeeper, whom the children love and Atticus deeply respects (he remarks in her defense that she "never indulged [the children] like most colored nurses"). She is highly regarded by Atticus. She is an important figure in Scout's life, providing discipline, instruction, and love. She also fills the maternal role for the children after their mother's death. Calpurnia is a mother herself and raised her son, Zeebo, to adulthood. Calpurnia is one of the few black characters in the novel who is able to read and write, and it is she who taught Scout to write. She learned how to read from Miss Maudie's aunt, Miss Buford, who taught her how to read out of Blackstone's Commentaries, a book given to her. Aunt Alexandra despised Calpurnia because Alexandra believed that Calpurnia was not a "maternal figure" for Jem and Scout, especially for Scout.

text: Calpurnia is a member of the First Purchase M.E. African Church in Maycomb. While Scout always hears her speak proper English, she is surprised to learn that Calpurnia does not do so at church, especially with the uneducated members of the congregation.

text: While everyone in the novel is filtered through Scout’s perception, Calpurnia in particular appears for a long time more as Scout’s idea of her than as a real person. At the beginning of the novel, Scout appears to think of Calpurnia as the wicked stepmother to Scout’s own Cinderella. However, towards the end of the book, Scout views Calpurnia as someone she can look up to, and realizes Calpurnia has only protected her over the years. She is played by Estelle Evans in the film.

text: Arthur “Boo” Radley[edit]

text: Arthur "Boo" Radley is a recluse in To Kill a Mockingbird.

text: Maycomb children believe he is a horrible person, due to the rumors spread about him and a trial he underwent as a teenager. It is implied during the story that Boo is a very lonely man who attempts to reach out to Jem and Scout for love and friendship, such as leaving them small gifts and figures in a tree knothole. Scout finally meets him at the very end of the book, when he saves the children's lives from Bob Ewell. Scout describes him as being sickly white, with a thin mouth, thin and feathery hair, and grey eyes, almost as if he were blind. During the same night, when Boo whispers to Scout to walk him back to the Radley house, Scout takes a moment to picture what it would be like to be Boo Radley. While standing on his porch, she realizes his "exile" inside his house is really not that lonely.

text: Boo Radley's heroics in protecting the children from Bob Ewell are covered up by Atticus, Sheriff Tate, and Scout. This can be read as a wise refusal of fame. As Tate notes, if word got out that Boo killed Ewell, Boo would be inundated with gifts and visits, calamitous for him due to his reclusive personality. The precocious Scout recognizes the danger: renown would "kill the mockingbird". Boo Radley is a ghost who haunts the book yet manifests himself at just the right moments in just the right way. He is, arguably, the most potent character in the whole book and as such, inspires the other key characters to save him when he needs saving.

text: After the Tom Robinson trial, Jem and Scout have a different understanding of Boo Radley. “Scout, I think I'm beginning to understand something. I think I'm beginning to understand why Boo Radley's stayed shut up in the house all this time… it's because he wants to stay inside." (23.117) Having seen a sample of the horrible things their fellow townspeople can do, choosing to stay out of the mess of humanity doesn’t seem like such a strange choice.[4]

text: When Boo finally does come out, he has a good reason: Bob Ewell is trying to murder the Finch children. No one sees what happens in the scuffle, but at the end of it, Ewell is dead and Boo carries an unconscious Jem to the Finch house. Finally faced with Boo, Scout doesn’t recognize him at first, but suddenly realizes who he is. Boo Radley is played by Robert Duvall in the film.

text: Judge John Taylor[edit]

text: Judge John Taylor is a white-haired old man with a reputation for running his court in an informal fashion and an enjoyment of singing and dipping tobacco. He is unimportant to the children until he presides over the Tom Robinson trial, in which he shows great distaste for the Ewells and great respect for Atticus. Because of the judge's sympathies for Tom, Bob Ewell breaks into the judge's house while the judge's wife is at church. After the trial, Miss Maudie points out to the children that the judge had tried to help Tom by appointing Atticus to the case instead of Maxwell Green, the new, untried lawyer who usually received court-appointed cases. Judge Taylor knew that Atticus was the only man who would stand a chance at acquitting Tom, or at least would be able to keep the jury thinking for more than just a few minutes. By doing this, Judge Taylor was not giving in or supporting racism. He is portrayed in the film by Paul Fix.

text: Miss Maudie Atkinson[edit]

text: Miss Maude "Maudie" Atkinson lives across the street from the Finch family. She had known the Finches for many years, having been brought up on the Buford place, which was near the Finches' ancestral home, Finch's Landing. She is described as a woman of about 50 who enjoys baking and gardening; her cakes are especially held in high regard. However, she is frequently harassed by devout "Foot-Washing Baptists", who tell her that her enjoyment of gardening is a sin. The Foot-Washing Baptists also believe that women are a sin as well. Miss Maudie befriends Scout and Jem and tells them stories about Atticus as a boy. It is strongly implied that she and Atticus have a more than platonic relationship. Also, she is one of the few adults that Jem and Scout hold in high regard and respect. She does not act condescendingly towards them, even though they are young children. During the course of the novel, her house burns down; however, she shows remarkable courage throughout this (even saying that she wanted to burn it down herself to make more room for her flowers). She is not prejudiced, though she talks caustically to Miss Stephanie Crawford, unlike many of her Southern neighbors, and teaches Scout important lessons about racism and human nature. It is important to note that Miss Maudie fully explains that "it is a sin to kill a mockingbird", whereas Atticus Finch initially brings up the subject but doesn't go into depth. When Jem gets older, and doesn't want to be bothered by Scout, Miss Maudie keeps her from getting angry. Maudie is played by Rosemary Murphy in the film. She is a very kind and sweet innocent friendly neighbor.

text: Bob Ewell[edit]

text: Robert E. Lee "Bob" Ewell is the main antagonist of To Kill a Mockingbird. He has a daughter named Mayella and a younger son named Burris, as well as six other unnamed children. He is an alcoholic, poaching game to feed his family because he spends whatever money they legally gain via government "relief checks" on alcohol. It is implied, and evidence suggests, that he was the one who abused his daughter Mayella, not Tom Robinson (the African American man accused of doing so). Although most everybody in town knows that the Ewells are a disgrace and not to be trusted, it is made clear that Tom Robinson was convicted because he is a Negro whose accuser is white. Upon hearing of Tom's death, Bob is absolutely gleeful, gloating about his success. After being humiliated at the trial, however, he goes on a quest for revenge, becoming increasingly violent. He begins by spitting in Atticus' face, followed by a failed attempt to break into the home of Judge Taylor, then finally menacing Helen, the poor widow of Tom Robinson. Ewell later attempts to murder Jem and Scout Finch with a knife to complete his revenge. Boo Radley saves Jem and Scout and it is believed that he kills Ewell with the knife. Heck Tate, the sheriff, puts in the official report that Bob Ewell fell on his own knife and died after lying under a tree for 45 minutes. Ewell is played by James Anderson in the film.

text: Mayella Ewell[edit]

text: Mayella Violet Ewell, 19, is the oldest of the eight Ewell children. Before the trial, Mayella is noted for growing red geraniums outside her otherwise dirty home in order to bring some beauty into her life. Due to her family's living situation, Mayella has no opportunity for human contact or love. She eventually gets so desperate that she attempts to seduce a black man, Tom Robinson, by saving up nickels to send her siblings to go get ice cream so that Mayella can be alone with Tom. Her father sees this through a window and in punishment he beats her. Ewell then finds the sheriff, Heck Tate, and tells him that his daughter has been raped and beaten by Tom. At the trial, Atticus points out that only the right side of Mayella's face is injured, suggesting a left-handed assailant; Tom's left arm is mangled and useless, but Bob Ewell is left-handed. When Atticus asks her if she has any friends, she becomes confused because she does not know what a friend is. During her testimony she is confused by Atticus' polite speech and thinks that his use of "Miss Mayella" is meant to mock her. She testifies against Tom Robinson. Mayella is played by Collin Wilcox in the film.

text: Tom Robinson[edit]

text: Thomas "Tom" Robinson is an African-American who is put on trial for the rape of a white woman, Mayella Ewell. Atticus is assigned to defend him, and stands up to a lynch mob intent on exacting their own justice against him before the trial begins. Tom's left arm is crippled and useless, the result of an accident with a cotton gin when he was a child. Atticus uses this fact as the cornerstone of his defense strategy, pointing out that the nature of Mayella's facial injuries strongly suggest a left-handed assailant. Tom testifies that he had frequently helped Mayella with household chores because he felt sorry for her and the family's difficult life - a statement that shocks the all-white, male jury. Despite Atticus' skilled defense, the jury's racial prejudices lead them to find Tom guilty. Atticus plans to appeal the verdict, but before he can do so, Tom is shot and killed while trying to escape the prison where he is being held. Tom Robinson is played by Brock Peters.

text: Aunt Alexandra[edit]

text: Alexandra Hancock (née Finch) is Atticus' and Jack's sister, married to James "Uncle Jimmy" Hancock. She has a son named Henry and a very spoiled grandson named Francis. Around the middle of the book, Aunt Alexandra decides to leave her husband at Finch's Landing, the Finch family homestead to come stay with the Finches. Aunt Alexandra doesn't consider the black Calpurnia to be a very good motherly figure for Jem and Scout; she disapproves of Scout being a tomboy and wants to make Scout into a southern belle (encouraging her to act more 'lady like').[5] This is the cause of many conflicts between Scout and Alexandra throughout the course of the novel. However, as the trial progresses, Scout comes to see how much her aunt cares for her father and what a strong woman she is. This is especially evidenced by a tea party when Scout is horrified by the racism displayed, and her aunt and Miss Maudie help her deal with her feelings. By the end of the book, it's clear that Alexandra cares very much for her niece and nephew, though she and Scout will probably never really get along.

text: Minor characters[edit]

text: Jack Finch[edit]

text: John Hale "Jack" Finch is Atticus' and Alexandra's younger brother. (He is about 40, which is 10 years younger than Atticus.) Jack smells like alcohol and something sweet, and is said that he and Alexandra have similar features. Jack is a childless doctor who can always make Scout and Jem laugh, and they adore him. He and Miss Maudie are close to the same age; he frequently teases her with marriage proposals, which she always declines. Jack also has a pet cat named Rose Aylmer, who is mentioned during the Christmas visit.

text: Francis Hancock[edit]

text: Francis Hancock is the spoiled grandson of Aunt Alexandra. (The son of her son, Henry Hancock.) Every Christmas, Henry and his wife drop Francis at Finch's Landing, which is the only time Scout and Jem see him. Francis lives in Mobile, Alabama, and is a bit of a tattle-tale. He gets along well with Jem, but often spars with Scout. One Christmas, Francis calls Atticus a "n*****-lover," as well as insisting that he was ruining the family and the likes, which infuriates Scout and causes them to get into a fight. Francis lies about his role in it, telling Uncle Jack that Scout started it by calling him a "whore lady", and Jack therefore punishes Scout. However, she explains the full story and charitably persuades her uncle not to punish Francis about it, but to let Atticus think they had been fighting about something else (although Atticus later discovers the truth).

text: Mrs. Henry Lafayette Dubose[edit]

text: Mrs. Henry Lafayette Dubose is an elderly woman who lives near the Finches. She is hated by the children, who run by her house to avoid her. Scout describes Mrs. Dubose as "plain hell." A virulent racist, she calls Atticus a "nigger-lover" to his children's faces, and Jem flies into a rage and ravages Mrs. Dubose's camellia bushes. As a punishment, Jem is required to read to Mrs. Dubose each day for a month. As Jem reads, she experiences a fit of drooling and twitching and does not seem to pay any attention to the words. When an alarm rings, Jem is allowed to leave for the day. She extends the punishment for one extra week and dies shortly after letting Jem go for the last time. Atticus informs him that Mrs. Dubose was terminally ill and had become addicted to morphine. By reading to her, Jem had distracted her so that she could break the addiction. In thanks, she leaves him a candy box with a camellia flower in it; Jem burns the box in anger, but is later seen by Scout admiring the flower. Atticus tells Jem that Mrs. Dubose was the bravest person he ever knew, and she was trying to teach Jem the importance of bravery and true courage to endure anything when the situation is hopeless, as in her morphine addiction.

text: Mr. Heck Tate[edit]

text: Mr. Heck Tate is a friend of Atticus and also the sheriff of Maycomb County. He believes in protecting the innocent although he doesn't usually show it. When Tom has been locked in jail and a lynch mob turns up to kill him, the sheriff refuses to hand Tom over, instead dispersing the crowd. At the end of the book, the two men argue over whether Jem or Boo Radley should be held responsible for the death of Bob Ewell. Heck eventually persuades Atticus to accept the theory that Ewell accidentally fell on his own knife, thus saving the harmless, reclusive Boo from the public exposure of a criminal trial.

text: Mr. Braxton Underwood[edit]

text: Mr. Braxton Bragg Underwood is a news reporter and a friend of Atticus. He owns and also publishes The Maycomb Tribune. Being a racist, he disagrees with Atticus on principle. He also has a strong belief in justice, as exemplified when he defends Atticus from the Cunningham mob by having his double barrel shotgun loaded and ready to shoot them. He also demonstrates some humanity when he publishes a scathing editorial comparing the killing of Tom Robinson (a cripple) to "the senseless slaughter of songbirds by hunters and children".

text: Mr. Horace Gilmer[edit]

text: Mr. Horace Gilmer is a lawyer from Abbottsville, and is the prosecuting attorney in the Tom Robinson case. Mr. Gilmer is between the ages of forty and sixty. Mr. Gilmer has a slight cast with one eye, which he uses to his advantage in trial. Mr. Gilmer appeared to be racist in his harsh cross-examination of Tom Robinson, but it is hinted at that he is in fact going easy on Tom. He and Atticus are not rivals and talk to each other during recesses during the case.

text: Dr. Scott Reynolds[edit]

text: Dr. Reynolds is the Maycomb doctor. He is well known to Scout and Jem. Scout says that he "had brought Jem and me into the world, had led us through every childhood disease known to man including the time Jem fell out of the tree house, and he had never lost our friendship. Dr. Reynolds said that if we were boil-prone things would have been different..." (ch. 28). He inspects Jem's broken arm and Scout's minor bruises after the attack from Bob Ewell under the tree.

text: Dolphus Raymond[edit]

text: Dolphus Raymond is a white landowner who is jaded by the hypocrisy of the white society and prefers to live among black folks. In fact, he has children with a black woman. Dolphus pretends he is an alcoholic so that the people of Maycomb will have an excuse for his behavior, but in fact he only drinks Coca Cola out of a paper bag to try to hide it. When Dill and Scout discover that he is not a drunk, they are amazed. He shows Scout how sometimes you can pretend to be someone you're not so people will be more understanding of you.

text: Link Deas[edit]

text: Link Deas owns cotton fields and a store in Maycomb who employs Tom and later Helen because she does not get accepted by any other employers in the county due to Tom Robinson's legal troubles. He announces to the court (in defense of Tom) at one point in the trial that he hadn't “had a speck o' trouble outta him” in the eight years Tom had been working for him, and gets sent out by Judge John Taylor for doing so. When Bob Ewell starts threatening Helen after the trial, Mr. Deas fiercely defends her and threatens to have Mr. Ewell arrested if he keeps bothering her. He is on Tom Robinson's side during the trial and remains loyal to the family afterward.

text: Miss Caroline Fisher[edit]

text: Miss Caroline Fisher is Scout's first grade teacher and is new to Maycomb, Alabama and its ways. She attempts to teach the first grade class using a new system which she learned from taking certain college courses (Jem mistakenly refers to it as the "Dewey Decimal System", which is really how library books are organized.). She is upset by Scout's advanced reading capabilities and believes that Scout is receiving lessons from Atticus. She feels as though Scout is trying to outsmart and mock her. In an effort to standardize the class, she forbids Scout from reading with her father. Atticus asks Scout to step into Miss Caroline's skin. However, he continues to allow Scout to read with him at night so long as she continues to go to school. Miss Caroline has good intentions but proves quite incompetent as a teacher. When Scout tells Miss Fisher that she shamed a student (Walter Cunningham, Jr.) by giving him lunch money, she raps Scout's palms with a ruler (a punishment unheard of in Maycomb). She is also very sensitive and gets emotionally hurt quite easily, as seen when she cries after Burris Ewell yells at her, "Report and be damned to ye! Ain't no snot-nosed slut of a schoolteacher ever born c'n make me do nothin'! You ain't makin' me go nowhere, missus. You just remember that, you ain't makin' me go nowhere!" After the Burris Ewell incident, Miss Caroline is seldom seen and soon forgotten.

text: Reverend Sykes[edit]

text: Reverend Sykes is the reverend of the First Purchase M.E. African Church in Maycomb County. This is the church Tom Robinson attended. Reverend Sykes forces the congregation to donate 10 dollars for Tom Robinson's family since at the time, Tom's wife, Helen, was having trouble finding work. During the trial, when the courtroom was too packed for the children to find seats, Reverend Sykes lets the kids sit with him up in the colored balcony and even saves their seats for them.

text: Miss Stephanie Crawford[edit]

text: Stephanie Crawford is the neighborhood gossip who claimed that she saw Boo Radley from her bedroom standing outside of her cleaned window one night. Crawford is one of the first on the scene after a loud gunshot is heard behind the Radley house. Because she is the neighborhood gossip, it is unwise to think of anything that she says as true, because most of the time it is not true at all. She is a friend of Alexandra Hancock. She lets Miss Maudie live with her when Miss Maudie's house burns down, supposedly in order to steal Miss Maudie's Lane cake recipe. She is thrilled to pass on gossip to the kids about Boo Radley. She claimed to have witnessed Bob Ewell's threatening Atticus at the Post Office corner as she was returning from the local Jitney Jungle grocery store.

text: In the film she takes the place of Rachel Haverford and is now Dill's aunt.

text: Miss Rachel Haverford[edit]

text: Miss Rachel Haverford is Dill's aunt and the Finches' next door neighbor. She drank neat whiskey heavily after seeing a rattlesnake coiled in her closet, on her washing, when she hung her negligee up. Even though she can be very hard to deal with, she truly does love her nephew. Her family name, in the legends of Maycomb County, is synonymous with jackass. She is also a Southern Belle.

text: In the film, she is not a character and Miss Stephanie takes her place as Dill's aunt.

text: Helen Robinson[edit]

text: Helen Robinson is the wife of Tom Robinson. She is spoken about a few times. She has three children. Employed by Link Deas following the death of her husband, she is repeatedly harassed by Bob Ewell when traveling to work. Upon learning of this, Deas threatens Ewell, forcing him to stop. She is an example of how one person's actions can have an effect on a lot of people and she elucidates the hardships that surround the Tom Robinson case.

text: Nathan Radley[edit]

text: Nathan Radley is the brother of Arthur "Boo" Radley and another difficult character to understand in To Kill a Mockingbird. When the children try to catch a view of "Boo" late one night through a window, he shoots over their heads with a shotgun (albeit thinking he was aiming at a black person). Nathan also cements up the knothole in which Arthur leaves little gifts for the children. On the other hand, he helps Miss Maudie by saving some of her belongings when her house is on fire. He is more present than his brother, but equally mysterious.

text: Jessie[edit]

text: Jessie is Mrs. Dubose's black nurse. She is the woman who shoos the children out when Mrs. Dubose has her fits, and she seems to care enormously for Mrs. Dubose. When Jem is forced to stay reading to Mrs. Dubose, Jessie kindly leads Jem and Scout to the door when Mrs. Dubose's alarm goes off. The rumors about Mrs. Dubose concealing a gun about her person involves Jessie; the book says "and even if Mrs. Dubose missed, her girl Jessie wouldn't".

text: Burris Ewell[edit]

text: Burris Ewell is a son of Bob Ewell and a younger sibling of Mayella Ewell as well as the first antagonist of the novel. Burris is described as being chiefly antagonistic of Little Chuck Little and his teacher Miss Caroline Fisher. He comes to the first day of school, but departs just as everyone else in his family does. Burris is also poor. He has live lice in his hair. Burris also scared his teacher Caroline Fisher. He behaves rudely when she tells him to go home, wash his hair, and come back clean the next day. He refuses, and a student explains to Miss Caroline that Ewell children don't attend school. All they do is show up for the first day, get marked down on the register, and then they miss the entire school year until the first day of the next year. His famous quote was, "Report and be damned to ye! Ain't no snot-nosed slut of a schoolteacher ever born c'n make me do nothin'! You ain't makin' me go nowhere, missus. You just remember that, you ain't makin' me go nowhere!" As of Scout's first year of school (the first grade), Burris has repeated the first grade three times. Burris is also like his father and is very belligerent.

text: Lula[edit]

text: Lula is an African-American woman with a dislike for white people. She doesn't like the idea of Calpurnia bringing Atticus Finch's children, Jem and Scout, with her to church and tells her so but is overruled by the other congregants. According to James Zeebo, Calpurnia's son, Lula's said to be, "a troublemaker from way back, with fancy ideas and haughty ways." She's threatened with being "churched" (subjected to church discipline) by Reverend Sykes.

text: Mrs. Grace Merriweather[edit]

text: Mrs. Grace Merriweather is the producer of the play in which Scout plays as a ham. She tells Everett that "the ladies of the South Maycomb Alabama Methodist Episcopal Church are behind him one hundred percent." She is mostly known for her devotion to the church and is widely held as the most devout lady in Maycomb; however, like many of her peers, she is very hypocritical and loves to gossip with all the other women.

text: Walter Cunningham, Jr.[edit]

text: Walter Cunningham, Jr. is a child who is almost as old as Jem but is in Scout's class. He lives in a farm. He is too poor to even pay off a 25-cent debt because the Great Depression hit his poor family hard. Walter is not only too poor but also his family is too proud to take any money. He is invited over to the Finches' house once, after engaging in a fight with Scout, where he covers up all of his dinner with molasses, much to Scout's vocal dismay. This teaches Scout a lesson in humility and compassion.

text: Walter Cunningham, Sr.[edit]

text: Walter Cunningham, Sr. is Walter Cunningham Jr.'s father. He appears only twice, once at the beginning of the story when he has to pay off the debt to Atticus (Walter Cunningham Sr. was his client) by giving him firewood, vegetables and other supplies. He also leads the mob that comes to lynch Tom Robinson the night before the trial. Only when Scout talks to him about his son and how much he owes to Atticus does he reconsider and call off the mob. Scout innocently shames him because Scout reminds him of all the things that Atticus has done for him and for Maycomb County. After the verdict is given in the trial, Atticus tells Jem that one of the Cunninghams had changed his thoughts about Tom and pleaded that Tom was not guilty to the jury.

text: Little Chuck Little[edit]

text: Little Chuck Little is a student in Scout's first grade class who has the mindset of an adult. His real name is Charles. He is depicted as chiefly antagonistic of Burris Ewell. He is presented in the novel when Miss Caroline is frightened by Burris' lice. He warned Miss Caroline that if Burris wasn't released from class, he might try something that would put their classmates at risk. When Burris starts advancing on Little Chuck after his warning/veiled insult, Little Chuck's hand moved to his pocket (implying that he was going to pull out a knife) while saying, "Watch your step, Burris. I'd soon's kill you as look at you. Now go home." Scared by Little Chuck's bravery and his implied knife, Burris retreats. From this we see, through the narrative view of Scout, his gentlemanly attitude and how it calms Miss Caroline down. Little Chuck may be even more intelligent than originally meets the eye, as he easily could have been bluffing about the aforementioned implied knife to scare Burris into retreating.

text: Mr. Dick Avery[edit]

text: Mr. Dick Avery is an overweight neighbor who tells Jem and Scout that dramatic changes in the weather are caused by disobedient and misbehaving children. After it snows, they build a snowman that resembles him. Mr. Avery can also be seen in the story pushing a mattress out of a window when Miss Maudie's house catches fire. The kids, including Jem and Scout, always waited for him to do something interesting. For instance, Jem claims that one night he urinated from his front porch in an impressive arc.

text: Miss Gates[edit]

text: Miss Gates is a third grade teacher at Scout's school who insists that America isn't prejudiced like Hitler's Germany. Despite this, Scout has heard her say that the blacks need to be taught a lesson after Tom's trial.

text: Eula May[edit]

text: Eula May is Maycomb's most prominent telephone operator. She sends out public announcements, invitations, and activates the fire alarm. She announced the closing of schools when it snowed and announced the rabid dog that entered Maycomb. Also, Eula May knows everybody in the town because of her unique job.

text: Cecil Jacobs[edit]

text: Cecil Jacobs teases Scout and Jem at school. Scout almost gets into a fight with Cecil over the trial of Tom Robinson. Scout beats up Cecil Jacobs because he says Atticus is a "Nigger Lover." He gives a current event on Adolf Hitler and later frightens Scout and Jem on their way to the Halloween pageant. He and Scout then pair up at the carnival. At the Halloween pageant afterwards, Cecil was a cow. He hints that black people are not as good as white people while talking about Hitler during current events. He also tends to take jokes too far. However importantly he shows how prejudice is passed on from parent to child.

text: Tim Johnson[edit]

text: Tim Johnson is a dog belonging to Harry Johnson (a character in the book who is mentioned once but is never seen). He is infected by rabies in chapter 10 and goes mad, putting everyone in the town at risk. Atticus is forced to shoot Tim Johnson before he reaches the Radley House or attacks anyone. When Atticus shoots the dog, his excellent marksmanship is revealed to Scout and Jem (his nickname used to be One-Shot Finch). The dog's body is collected by Zeebo.

text: Simon Finch[edit]

text: Simon Finch is the founder of Finch's Landing. He is referred to in the first chapter of the book, being a direct ancestor of Atticus. He is a Cornish Methodist, and emigrated from England to avoid religious persecution, landing in Philadelphia before settling in Alabama. He was married, with one son, six daughters. He is also an apothecary.

text: Maxwell Green[edit]

text: Maxwell Green is the new lawyer in town. He is normally the judicially-assigned defense attorney but Judge Taylor assigned Tom Robinson's case to Atticus to give Tom Robinson a better chance.

text: Mr. X Billups[edit]

text: Mr. X Billups who is seen only once in the book, going to the trial, is described as a "funny man". X is his name, and not his initial. He was asked repeated times what his name was until he signed it. X was the name he had been given when he was born because his parents marked his birth certificate with an X instead of a name.

text: The Barber Sisters (Miss "Tutti" and Miss "Frutti")[edit]

text: The Barber Sisters (Miss Sarah, nicknamed "Tutti" and Miss Frances, nicknamed "Frutti") are maiden sisters who live in the only house in Maycomb with a cellar. They were originally from Clanton, Alabama; and are rumored to be Republicans. Besides their Yankee ways, both sisters are deaf (Tutti completely deaf; Frutti uses an ear trumpet), and had a Halloween prank pulled on them by some "wicked" schoolchildren (Scout claims she was not included) who put all of their furniture in their cellar.

text: Mrs. Gertrude Farrow[edit]

text: Mrs. Farrow is a lady in the missionary society who visits the Finch house occasionally.

text: Mr. Conner[edit]

text: Mr. Conner is mentioned early on in the book. He was locked in an outhouse by "Boo" Radley and his friends. After taking the teenagers to court, Mr. Conner accused them of "disorderly conduct, disturbing the peace, assault and battery, and using abusive and profane language in the presence and hearing of a female." He added the last charge after claiming that the teens had "cussed so loud he was sure every lady in Maycomb heard them."

text: Zeebo[edit]

text: Zeebo is Calpurnia's eldest son. He is one of just four people in First Purchase Church who can read, so he is the vocal leader, leading hymns in the Negro First Purchase Church by "lining," reading a line of verse and having the congregation repeat it. Calpurnia taught Zeebo how to read. He is also the garbage man of Maycomb, and took away the dead rabid dog, Tim Johnson. When a fellow church member, a woman named Lula, tries to make the children feel bad for attending church with his mother, Zeebo welcomes Scout and Jem with open arms. He is kind but very quiet.


document_title: 2018 FIFA World Cup qualification (CONMEBOL)

question_text: how many countries will qualify for world cup from south america

question_tokens: how many countries will qualify for world cup from south america

root

text: 2018 FIFA World Cup qualification (CONMEBOL)

text: Format[edit]

text: The qualification structure was the same as for the previous five tournaments. The ten teams played in a league of home-and-away round-robin matches. The top four teams qualified for the 2018 FIFA World Cup, and the fifth-placed team advanced to the inter-confederation play-offs.

tag: p

text: Unlike previous qualifying tournaments where the fixtures were pre-determined, the fixtures were determined by draw, which was held as part of the 2018 FIFA World Cup Preliminary Draw on 25 July 2015, starting 18:00 MSK (UTC+3), at the Konstantinovsky Palace in Strelna, Saint Petersburg, Russia.[2]

text: For scheduling reasons, Argentina and Brazil were automatically positioned as Teams 4 and 5 respectively to ensure that no team has to play both of them on any double matchday.[3][4] The remaining eight teams were drawn into one of the remaining eight positions from Teams 1 to 10 (except 4 and 5).

text: Entrants[edit]

text: All 10 national teams from CONMEBOL entered qualification.[5]

text: Note: Bolded teams qualified for the World Cup. Italicised team advanced to the inter-confederation play-offs.

text:
Draw
position[6]
Team
FIFA ranking
at start of event[7]

1
 Colombia
5

2
 Chile
9

3
 Paraguay
61

4
 Argentina
1

5
 Brazil
7

6
 Ecuador
31

7
 Venezuela
69

8
 Bolivia
67

9
 Peru
50

10
 Uruguay
20

tag: table

text: Schedule[edit]

text: There were a total of 18 matchdays: four in 2015, eight in 2016, and six in 2017.[8]

text:
2015

Matchday
Date

Matchday 1
5–13 October 2015

Matchday 2

Matchday 3
9–17 November 2015

Matchday 4

2016

Matchday
Date

Matchday 5
21–29 March 2016

Matchday 6

Matchday 7
29 August – 6 September 2016

Matchday 8

Matchday 9
3–11 October 2016

Matchday 10

Matchday 11
7–15 November 2016

Matchday 12

2017

Matchday
Date

Matchday 13
20–28 March 2017

Matchday 14

Matchday 15
28 August – 5 September 2017

Matchday 16

Matchday 17
2–10 October 2017

Matchday 18

text: The inter-confederation play-offs were scheduled to be played between 6–14 November 2017.[9]

text: Standings[edit]

text:
Pos
Team

v
t
e

Pld
W
D
L
GF
GA
GD
Pts
Qualification

1
 Brazil
18
12
5
1
41
11
+30
41
Qualification to 2018 FIFA World Cup

—
2–2
3–0
2–1
3–0
3–0
3–0
2–0
5–0
3–1

2
 Uruguay
18
9
4
5
32
20
+12
31

1–4
—
0–0
3–0
1–0
3–0
4–0
2–1
4–2
3–0

3
 Argentina
18
7
7
4
19
16
+3
28

1–1
1–0
—
3–0
0–0
1–0
0–1
0–2
2–0
1–1

4
 Colombia
18
7
6
5
21
19
+2
27

1–1
2–2
0–1
—
2–0
0–0
1–2
3–1
1–0
2–0

5
 Peru
18
7
5
6
27
26
+1
26
Advance to inter-confederation play-offs

0–2
2–1
2–2
1–1
—
3–4
1–0
2–1
2–1
2–2

6
 Chile
18
8
2
8
26
27
−1
26

2–0
3–1
1–2
1–1
2–1
—
0–3
2–1
3–0[a]
3–1

7
 Paraguay
18
7
3
8
19
25
−6
24

2–2
1–2
0–0
0–1
1–4
2–1
—
2–1
2–1
0–1

8
 Ecuador
18
6
2
10
26
29
−3
20

0–3
2–1
1–3
0–2
1–2
3–0
2–2
—
2–0
3–0

9
 Bolivia
18
4
2
12
16
38
−22
14

0–0
0–2
2–0
2–3
0–3[a]
1–0
1–0
2–2
—
4–2

10
 Venezuela
18
2
6
10
19
35
−16
12

0–2
0–0
2–2
0–0
2–2
1–4
0–1
1–3
5–0
—

text: ^ Jump up to: a b FIFA awarded Peru and Chile 3–0 wins as a result of Bolivia fielding the ineligible player Nelson Cabrera. Originally Bolivia had defeated Peru 2–0 and drawn 0–0 with Chile. Nelson Cabrera had previously represented Paraguay and did not meet eligibility rules.[10]

tag: ol

text: Matches[edit]

text: Matchday 1[edit]

text: Bolivia  v  Uruguay

text:
8 October 2015 (2015-10-08)
16:00 UTC−4

text:
Bolivia
0–2
 Uruguay

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

Cáceres  10'
Godín  69'

text:
Estadio Hernando Siles, La Paz
Attendance: 26,000
Referee: Patricio Loustau (Argentina)

text: Colombia  v  Peru

text:
8 October 2015 (2015-10-08)
15:30 UTC−5

text:
Colombia
2–0
 Peru

Gutiérrez  36'
Cardona  90+4'

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

text:
Estadio Metropolitano Roberto Meléndez, Barranquilla
Attendance: 44,000
Referee: Antonio Arias (Paraguay)

text: Venezuela  v  Paraguay

text:
8 October 2015 (2015-10-08)
16:30 UTC−4:30

text:
Venezuela
0–1
 Paraguay

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

González  85'

text:
Estadio Cachamay, Ciudad Guayana
Attendance: 36,618
Referee: Hernando Buitrago (Colombia)

text: Chile  v  Brazil

text:
8 October 2015 (2015-10-08)
20:30 UTC−3

text:
Chile
2–0
 Brazil

Vargas  72'
Sánchez  88'

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

text:
Estadio Nacional Julio Martínez Prádanos, Santiago
Attendance: 42,000
Referee: Roddy Zambrano (Ecuador)

text: Argentina  v  Ecuador

text:
8 October 2015 (2015-10-08)
21:00 UTC−3

text:
Argentina
0–2
 Ecuador

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

Erazo  81'
Caicedo  82'

text:
Estadio Monumental Antonio Vespucio Liberti, Buenos Aires
Attendance: 30,000
Referee: Julio Bascuñán (Chile)

text: Matchday 2[edit]

text: Ecuador  v  Bolivia

text:
13 October 2015 (2015-10-13)
16:00 UTC−5

text:
Ecuador
2–0
 Bolivia

M. Bolaños  81'
Caicedo  90+5' (pen.)

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

text:
Estadio Olímpico Atahualpa, Quito
Attendance: 27,333
Referee: Sandro Ricci (Brazil)

text: Uruguay  v  Colombia

text:
13 October 2015 (2015-10-13)
20:00 UTC−3

text:
Uruguay
3–0
 Colombia

Godín  34'
Rolán  51'
Hernández  87'

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

text:
Estadio Centenario, Montevideo
Attendance: 40,000
Referee: Héber Lopes (Brazil)

text: Paraguay  v  Argentina

text:
13 October 2015 (2015-10-13)
21:00 UTC−3

text:
Paraguay
0–0
 Argentina

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

text:
Estadio Defensores del Chaco, Asunción
Attendance: 20,889
Referee: Andrés Cunha (Uruguay)

text: Brazil  v  Venezuela

text:
13 October 2015 (2015-10-13)
22:00 UTC−3

text:
Brazil
3–1
 Venezuela

Willian  1', 42'
Ricardo Oliveira  73'

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

Santos  64'

text:
Estádio Castelão, Fortaleza
Attendance: 38,970
Referee: Darío Ubriaco (Uruguay)

text: Peru  v  Chile

text:
13 October 2015 (2015-10-13)
21:15 UTC−5

text:
Peru
3–4
 Chile

Farfán  10', 36' (pen.)
Guerrero  90+2'

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

Sánchez  7', 44'
Vargas  41', 49'

text:
Estadio Nacional, Lima
Attendance: 36,180
Referee: Néstor Pitana (Argentina)

text: Matchday 3[edit]

text: Bolivia  v  Venezuela

text:
12 November 2015 (2015-11-12)
16:00 UTC−4

text:
Bolivia
4–2
 Venezuela

Ramallo  19', 45+1'
Arce  23' (pen.)
Cardozo  49'

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

M. Rondón  32'
Blanco  55'

text:
Estadio Hernando Siles, La Paz
Attendance: 20,923
Referee: Víctor Carrillo (Peru)

text: Ecuador  v  Uruguay

text:
12 November 2015 (2015-11-12)
16:00 UTC−5

text:
Ecuador
2–1
 Uruguay

Caicedo  23'
F. Martínez  59'

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

Cavani  49'

text:
Estadio Olímpico Atahualpa, Quito
Attendance: 32,650
Referee: Ricardo Marques (Brazil)

text: Chile  v  Colombia

text:
12 November 2015 (2015-11-12)
20:30 UTC−3

text:
Chile
1–1
 Colombia

Vidal  45'

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

Rodríguez  68'

text:
Estadio Nacional Julio Martínez Prádanos, Santiago
Attendance: 45,316
Referee: Enrique Cáceres (Paraguay)

text: Argentina  v  Brazil

text:
13 November 2015 (2015-11-13)[note 1]
21:00 UTC−3

text:
Argentina
1–1
 Brazil

Lavezzi  34'

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

Lucas Lima  58'

text:
Estadio Monumental Antonio Vespucio Liberti, Buenos Aires
Attendance: 53,000
Referee: Antonio Arias (Paraguay)

text: Peru  v  Paraguay

text:
13 November 2015 (2015-11-13)
21:15 UTC−5

text:
Peru
1–0
 Paraguay

Farfán  20'

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

text:
Estadio Nacional, Lima
Attendance: 26,000
Referee: Julio Bascuñán (Chile)

text: Matchday 4[edit]

text: Colombia  v  Argentina

text:
17 November 2015 (2015-11-17)
15:30 UTC−5

text:
Colombia
0–1
 Argentina

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

Biglia  19'

text:
Estadio Metropolitano Roberto Meléndez, Barranquilla
Attendance: 46,000
Referee: Carlos Vera (Ecuador)

text: Venezuela  v  Ecuador

text:
17 November 2015 (2015-11-17)
16:30 UTC−4:30

text:
Venezuela
1–3
 Ecuador

J. Martínez  84'

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

F. Martínez  15'
Montero  23'
Caicedo  60'

text:
Estadio Cachamay, Ciudad Guayana
Attendance: 41,659
Referee: Gery Vargas (Bolivia)

text: Paraguay  v  Bolivia

text:
17 November 2015 (2015-11-17)
20:00 UTC−3

text:
Paraguay
2–1
 Bolivia

Lezcano  61'
Barrios  64'

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

Duk  59'

text:
Estadio Defensores del Chaco, Asunción
Attendance: 15,850
Referee: José Argote (Venezuela)

text: Uruguay  v  Chile

text:
17 November 2015 (2015-11-17)
20:10 UTC−3

text:
Uruguay
3–0
 Chile

Godín  23'
A. Pereira  61'
Cáceres  65'

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

text:
Estadio Centenario, Montevideo
Attendance: 58,000
Referee: Wilmar Roldán (Colombia)

text: Brazil  v  Peru

text:
17 November 2015 (2015-11-17)
21:00 UTC−3

text:
Brazil
3–0
 Peru

Douglas Costa  22'
Renato Augusto  57'
Filipe Luís  76'

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

text:
Itaipava Arena Fonte Nova, Salvador
Attendance: 45,000
Referee: Hernando Buitrago (Colombia)

text: Matchday 5[edit]

text: Bolivia  v  Colombia

text:
24 March 2016 (2016-03-24)
16:00 UTC−4

text:
Bolivia
2–3
 Colombia

Arce  50' (pen.)
Chumacero  62'

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

Rodríguez  10'
Bacca  41'
Cardona  90+2'

text:
Estadio Hernando Siles, La Paz
Attendance: 16,765
Referee: Wilton Sampaio (Brazil)

text: Ecuador  v  Paraguay

text:
24 March 2016 (2016-03-24)
16:00 UTC−5

text:
Ecuador
2–2
 Paraguay

E. Valencia  20'
Mena  90+2'

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

Lezcano  38', 59'

text:
Estadio Olímpico Atahualpa, Quito
Attendance: 34,817
Referee: Daniel Fedorczuk (Uruguay)

text: Chile  v  Argentina

text:
24 March 2016 (2016-03-24)
20:30 UTC−3

text:
Chile
1–2
 Argentina

Gutiérrez  11'

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

Di María  20'
Mercado  25'

text:
Estadio Nacional Julio Martínez Prádanos, Santiago
Attendance: 44,536
Referee: Héber Lopes (Brazil)

text: Peru  v  Venezuela

text:
24 March 2016 (2016-03-24)
21:15 UTC−5

text:
Peru
2–2
 Venezuela

Guerrero  61'
Ruidíaz  90+4'

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

Otero  33' (pen.)
Villanueva  57'

text:
Estadio Nacional, Lima
Attendance: 35,459
Referee: Enrique Cáceres (Paraguay)

text: Brazil  v  Uruguay

text:
25 March 2016 (2016-03-25)
21:45 UTC−3

text:
Brazil
2–2
 Uruguay

Douglas Costa  1'
Renato Augusto  25'

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

Cavani  30'
Suárez  48'

text:
Itaipava Arena Pernambuco, Recife
Attendance: 45,010
Referee: Néstor Pitana (Argentina)

text: Matchday 6[edit]

text: Colombia  v  Ecuador

text:
29 March 2016 (2016-03-29)
15:30 UTC−5

text:
Colombia
3–1
 Ecuador

Bacca  15', 67'
Pérez  48'

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

Arroyo  90'

text:
Estadio Metropolitano Roberto Meléndez, Barranquilla
Attendance: 38,400
Referee: Enrique Osses (Chile)

text: Uruguay  v  Peru

text:
29 March 2016 (2016-03-29)
20:00 UTC−3

text:
Uruguay
1–0
 Peru

Cavani  51'

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

text:
Estadio Centenario, Montevideo
Attendance: 55,000
Referee: Roddy Zambrano (Ecuador)

text: Venezuela  v  Chile

text:
29 March 2016 (2016-03-29)
19:00 UTC−4:30

text:
Venezuela
1–4
 Chile

Otero  9'

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

Pinilla  33', 52'
Vidal  72', 90+2'

text:
Estadio Agustín Tovar, Barinas
Attendance: 24,101
Referee: Diego Haro (Peru)

text: Argentina  v  Bolivia

text:
29 March 2016 (2016-03-29)
20:30 UTC−3

text:
Argentina
2–0
 Bolivia

Mercado  20'
Messi  30' (pen.)

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

text:
Estadio Mario Alberto Kempes, Córdoba
Attendance: 53,000
Referee: Jesús Valenzuela (Venezuela)

text: Paraguay  v  Brazil

text:
29 March 2016 (2016-03-29)
20:45 UTC−4

text:
Paraguay
2–2
 Brazil

Lezcano  40'
É. Benítez  49'

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

Ricardo Oliveira  79'
Dani Alves  90+2'

text:
Estadio Defensores del Chaco, Asunción
Attendance: 24,457
Referee: Wilmar Roldán (Colombia)

text: Matchday 7[edit]

text: Bolivia  v  Peru

text:
1 September 2016 (2016-09-01)
16:00 UTC−4

text:
Bolivia
0–3
Awarded[note 2]
 Peru

Escobar  38'
Raldes  86'

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

text:
Estadio Hernando Siles, La Paz
Attendance: 25,765
Referee: José Argote (Venezuela)

text: Colombia  v  Venezuela

text:
1 September 2016 (2016-09-01)
15:30 UTC–5

text:
Colombia
2–0
 Venezuela

Rodríguez  45+2'
M. Torres  82'

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

text:
Estadio Metropolitano Roberto Meléndez, Barranquilla
Attendance: 37,099
Referee: Daniel Fedorczuk (Uruguay)

text: Ecuador  v  Brazil

text:
1 September 2016 (2016-09-01)
16:00 UTC−5

text:
Ecuador
0–3
 Brazil

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

Neymar  72' (pen.)
W. Ayoví  87' (o.g.)
Gabriel Jesus  90+2'

text:
Estadio Olímpico Atahualpa, Quito
Attendance: 34,887
Referee: Enrique Cáceres (Paraguay)

text: Argentina  v  Uruguay

text:
1 September 2016 (2016-09-01)
20:30 UTC−3

text:
Argentina
1–0
 Uruguay

Messi  43'

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

text:
Estadio Malvinas Argentinas, Mendoza
Attendance: 34,597
Referee: Julio Bascuñán (Chile)

text: Paraguay  v  Chile

text:
1 September 2016 (2016-09-01)
20:00 UTC−4

text:
Paraguay
2–1
 Chile

O. Romero  6'
Da Silva  9'

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

Vidal  37'

text:
Estadio Defensores del Chaco, Asunción
Attendance: 25,000
Referee: Néstor Pitana (Argentina)

text: Matchday 8[edit]

text: Uruguay  v  Paraguay

text:
6 September 2016 (2016-09-06)
20:00 UTC−3

text:
Uruguay
4–0
 Paraguay

Cavani  17', 53'
Rodríguez  41'
Suárez  45' (pen.)

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

text:
Estadio Centenario, Montevideo
Attendance: 32,400
Referee: Wilton Sampaio (Brazil)

text: Chile  v  Bolivia

text:
6 September 2016 (2016-09-06)
20:30 UTC−3

text:
Chile
3–0
Awarded[note 3]
 Bolivia

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

text:
Estadio Monumental David Arellano, Santiago[note 4]
Attendance: 30,000
Referee: Ricardo Marques (Brazil)

text: Venezuela  v  Argentina

text:
6 September 2016 (2016-09-06)
19:30 UTC−4

text:
Venezuela
2–2
 Argentina

Juanpi  34'
J. Martínez  53'

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

Pratto  57'
Otamendi  82'

text:
Estadio Metropolitano de Mérida, Mérida
Attendance: 42,000
Referee: Roddy Zambrano (Ecuador)

text: Brazil  v  Colombia

text:
6 September 2016 (2016-09-06)
20:45 UTC−4

text:
Brazil
2–1
 Colombia

Miranda  2'
Neymar  74'

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

Marquinhos  37' (o.g.)

text:
Arena da Amazônia, Manaus
Attendance: 36,609
Referee: Patricio Loustau (Argentina)

text: Peru  v  Ecuador

text:
6 September 2016 (2016-09-06)
21:15 UTC−5

text:
Peru
2–1
 Ecuador

Cueva  19' (pen.)
Tapia  78'

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

Achilier  30'

text:
Estadio Nacional, Lima
Attendance: 20,000
Referee: Wilmar Roldán (Colombia)

text: Matchday 9[edit]

text: Ecuador  v  Chile

text:
6 October 2016 (2016-10-06)
16:00 UTC−5

text:
Ecuador
3–0
 Chile

A. Valencia  19'
Ramírez  23'
Caicedo  47'

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

text:
Estadio Olímpico Atahualpa, Quito
Attendance: 30,000
Referee: Mauro Vigliano (Argentina)

text: Uruguay  v  Venezuela

text:
6 October 2016 (2016-10-06)
20:00 UTC−3

text:
Uruguay
3–0
 Venezuela

Lodeiro  29'
Cavani  46', 78'

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

text:
Estadio Centenario, Montevideo
Attendance: 44,880
Referee: Raúl Orosco (Bolivia)

text: Paraguay  v  Colombia

text:
6 October 2016 (2016-10-06)
20:30 UTC−3

text:
Paraguay
0–1
 Colombia

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

Cardona  90+2'

text:
Estadio Defensores del Chaco, Asunción
Attendance: 33,000
Referee: Julio Bascuñán (Chile)

text: Brazil  v  Bolivia

text:
6 October 2016 (2016-10-06)
21:45 UTC−3

text:
Brazil
5–0
 Bolivia

Neymar  10'
Coutinho  25'
Filipe Luís  38'
Gabriel Jesus  43'
Firmino  75'

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

text:
Arena das Dunas, Natal
Attendance: 30,013
Referee: Wilson Lamouroux (Colombia)

text: Peru  v  Argentina

text:
6 October 2016 (2016-10-06)
21:15 UTC−5

text:
Peru
2–2
 Argentina

Guerrero  57'
Cueva  83' (pen.)

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

Funes Mori  15'
Higuaín  77'

text:
Estadio Nacional, Lima
Attendance: 38,700
Referee: Sandro Ricci (Brazil)

text: Matchday 10[edit]

text: Bolivia  v  Ecuador

text:
11 October 2016 (2016-10-11)
16:00 UTC−4

text:
Bolivia
2–2
 Ecuador

Escobar  3', 43'

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

E. Valencia  47', 88'

text:
Estadio Hernando Siles, La Paz
Attendance: 18,033
Referee: Mario Díaz de Vivar (Paraguay)

text: Colombia  v  Uruguay

text:
11 October 2016 (2016-10-11)
15:30 UTC−5

text:
Colombia
2–2
 Uruguay

Aguilar  16'
Mina  85'

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

Rodríguez  27'
Suárez  73'

text:
Estadio Metropolitano Roberto Meléndez, Barranquilla
Attendance: 47,000
Referee: Néstor Pitana (Argentina)

text: Argentina  v  Paraguay

text:
11 October 2016 (2016-10-11)
20:30 UTC−3

text:
Argentina
0–1
 Paraguay

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

González  17'

text:
Estadio Mario Alberto Kempes, Córdoba
Attendance: 51,200
Referee: Daniel Fedorczuk (Uruguay)

text: Chile  v  Peru

text:
Chile
2–1
 Peru

Vidal  9', 85'

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

Flores  75'

text:
Estadio Nacional Julio Martínez Prádanos, Santiago
Attendance: 30,662
Referee: Roddy Zambrano (Ecuador)

text: Venezuela  v  Brazil

text:
11 October 2016 (2016-10-11)
20:30 UTC−4

text:
Venezuela
0–2
 Brazil

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

Gabriel Jesus  7'
Willian  53'

text:
Estadio Metropolitano de Mérida, Mérida
Attendance: 42,700
Referee: Víctor Carrillo (Peru)

text: Matchday 11[edit]

text: Colombia  v  Chile

text:
10 November 2016 (2016-11-10)
15:30 UTC−5

text:
Colombia
0–0
 Chile

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

text:
Estadio Metropolitano Roberto Meléndez, Barranquilla
Attendance: 45,916
Referee: Wilton Sampaio (Brazil)

text: Uruguay  v  Ecuador

text:
10 November 2016 (2016-11-10)
20:00 UTC−3

text:
Uruguay
2–1
 Ecuador

Coates  12'
Rolán  45+1'

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

Caicedo  44'

text:
Estadio Centenario, Montevideo
Attendance: 54,868
Referee: Víctor Carrillo (Peru)

text: Paraguay  v  Peru

text:
10 November 2016 (2016-11-10)
20:30 UTC−3

text:
Paraguay
1–4
 Peru

Riveros  10'

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

Ramos  49'
Flores  71'
Cueva  79'
É. Benítez  84' (o.g.)

text:
Estadio Defensores del Chaco, Asunción
Attendance: 36,000
Referee: Patricio Loustau (Argentina)

text: Brazil  v  Argentina

text:
10 November 2016 (2016-11-10)
21:45 UTC−2

text:
Brazil
3–0
 Argentina

Coutinho  25'
Neymar  45+1'
Paulinho  58'

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

text:
Mineirão, Belo Horizonte
Attendance: 53,490
Referee: Julio Bascuñán (Chile)

text: Venezuela  v  Bolivia

text:
10 November 2016 (2016-11-10)
19:45 UTC−4

text:
Venezuela
5–0
 Bolivia

Kouffati  2'
J. Martínez  10', 67', 69'
Otero  74'

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

text:
Estadio Monumental de Maturín, Maturín
Attendance: 49,750
Referee: Andrés Cunha (Uruguay)

text: Matchday 12[edit]

text: Bolivia  v  Paraguay

text:
15 November 2016 (2016-11-15)
16:00 UTC−4

text:
Bolivia
1–0
 Paraguay

Moreno  77'

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

text:
Estadio Hernando Siles, La Paz
Attendance: 13,285
Referee: Christian Ferreyra (Uruguay)

text: Ecuador  v  Venezuela

text:
15 November 2016 (2016-11-15)
16:00 UTC−5

text:
Ecuador
3–0
 Venezuela

Mina  50'
M. Bolaños  84'
E. Valencia  87'

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

text:
Estadio Olímpico Atahualpa, Quito
Attendance: 28,000
Referee: Roberto Tobar (Chile)

text: Argentina  v  Colombia

text:
15 November 2016 (2016-11-15)
20:30 UTC−3

text:
Argentina
3–0
 Colombia

Messi  10'
Pratto  22'
Di María  84'

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

text:
Estadio San Juan del Bicentenario, San Juan
Attendance: 24,000
Referee: Roddy Zambrano (Ecuador)

text: Chile  v  Uruguay

text:
Chile
3–1
 Uruguay

Vargas  45+1'
Sánchez  60', 75'

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

Cavani  16'

text:
Estadio Nacional Julio Martínez Prádanos, Santiago
Attendance: 42,011
Referee: Enrique Cáceres (Paraguay)

text: Peru  v  Brazil

text:
15 November 2016 (2016-11-15)
21:15 UTC−5

text:
Peru
0–2
 Brazil

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

Gabriel Jesus  57'
Renato Augusto  78'

text:
Estadio Nacional, Lima
Attendance: 38,700
Referee: Wilmar Roldán (Colombia)

text: Matchday 13[edit]

text: Colombia  v  Bolivia

text:
23 March 2017 (2017-03-23)
15:30 UTC−5

text:
Colombia
1–0
 Bolivia

Rodríguez  83'

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

text:
Estadio Metropolitano Roberto Meléndez, Barranquilla
Attendance: 39,000
Referee: Ricardo Marques (Brazil)

text: Paraguay  v  Ecuador

text:
23 March 2017 (2017-03-23)
20:00 UTC−3

text:
Paraguay
2–1
 Ecuador

Valdez  11'
Alonso  65'

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

Caicedo  69' (pen.)

text:
Estadio Defensores del Chaco, Asunción
Attendance: 16,287
Referee: José Argote (Venezuela)

text: Uruguay  v  Brazil

text:
23 March 2017 (2017-03-23)
20:00 UTC−3

text:
Uruguay
1–4
 Brazil

Cavani  9' (pen.)

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

Paulinho  18', 51', 90+2'
Neymar  74'

text:
Estadio Centenario, Montevideo
Attendance: 55,676
Referee: Patricio Loustau (Argentina)

text: Argentina  v  Chile

text:
23 March 2017 (2017-03-23)
20:30 UTC−3

text:
Argentina
1–0
 Chile

Messi  15' (pen.)

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

text:
Estadio Monumental Antonio Vespucio Liberti, Buenos Aires
Attendance: 55,000
Referee: Sandro Ricci (Brazil)

text: Venezuela  v  Peru

text:
23 March 2017 (2017-03-23)
19:30 UTC−4

text:
Venezuela
2–2
 Peru

Villanueva  23'
Otero  39'

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

Carrillo  46'
Guerrero  64'

text:
Estadio Monumental de Maturín, Maturín
Attendance: 35,920
Referee: Enrique Cáceres (Paraguay)

text: Matchday 14[edit]

text: Bolivia  v  Argentina

text:
28 March 2017 (2017-03-28)
16:00 UTC−4

text:
Bolivia
2–0
 Argentina

Arce  31'
Moreno  52'

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

text:
Estadio Hernando Siles, La Paz
Attendance: 26,943
Referee: Wilmar Roldán (Colombia)

text: Ecuador  v  Colombia

text:
28 March 2017 (2017-03-28)
16:00 UTC−5

text:
Ecuador
0–2
 Colombia

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

Rodríguez  20'
Cuadrado  34'

text:
Estadio Olímpico Atahualpa, Quito
Attendance: 33,538
Referee: Néstor Pitana (Argentina)

text: Chile  v  Venezuela

text:
28 March 2017 (2017-03-28)
19:00 UTC−3

text:
Chile
3–1
 Venezuela

Sánchez  4'
Paredes  6', 22'

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

S. Rondón  62'

text:
Estadio Monumental David Arellano, Santiago[note 4]
Attendance: 33,136
Referee: Andrés Cunha (Uruguay)

text: Brazil  v  Paraguay

text:
28 March 2017 (2017-03-28)
21:45 UTC−3

text:
Brazil
3–0
 Paraguay

Coutinho  34'
Neymar  63'
Marcelo  85'

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

text:
Arena Corinthians, São Paulo
Attendance: 45,000
Referee: Víctor Carrillo (Peru)

text: Peru  v  Uruguay

text:
28 March 2017 (2017-03-28)
21:15 UTC−5

text:
Peru
2–1
 Uruguay

Guerrero  34'
Flores  62'

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

Sánchez  30'

text:
Estadio Nacional, Lima
Attendance: 35,200
Referee: Julio Bascuñán (Chile)

text: Matchday 15[edit]

text: Venezuela  v  Colombia

text:
31 August 2017 (2017-08-31)
17:00 UTC−4

text:
Venezuela
0–0
 Colombia

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

text:
Estadio Polideportivo de Pueblo Nuevo, San Cristóbal
Attendance: 38,479
Referee: Wilton Sampaio (Brazil)

text: Chile  v  Paraguay

text:
31 August 2017 (2017-08-31)
19:30 UTC−3

text:
Chile
0–3
 Paraguay

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

Vidal  24' (o.g.)
Cáceres  55'
Ortiz  90+2'

text:
Estadio Monumental David Arellano, Santiago[note 4]
Attendance: 43,000
Referee: Néstor Pitana (Argentina)

text: Uruguay  v  Argentina

text:
31 August 2017 (2017-08-31)
20:00 UTC−3

text:
Uruguay
0–0
 Argentina

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

text:
Estadio Centenario, Montevideo
Attendance: 55,000
Referee: Víctor Carrillo (Peru)

text: Brazil  v  Ecuador

text:
31 August 2017 (2017-08-31)
21:45 UTC−3

text:
Brazil
2–0
 Ecuador

Paulinho  69'
Coutinho  76'

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

text:
Arena do Grêmio, Porto Alegre
Attendance: 38,000
Referee: Mario Díaz de Vivar (Paraguay)

text: Peru  v  Bolivia

text:
31 August 2017 (2017-08-31)
21:15 UTC−5

text:
Peru
2–1
 Bolivia

Flores  55'
Cueva  59'

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

Álvarez  72'

text:
Estadio Monumental "U", Lima[note 5]
Attendance: 60,000
Referee: Andrés Cunha (Uruguay)

text: Matchday 16[edit]

text: Bolivia  v  Chile

text:
5 September 2017 (2017-09-05)
16:00 UTC−4

text:
Bolivia
1–0
 Chile

Arce  59' (pen.)

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

text:
Estadio Hernando Siles, La Paz
Attendance: 31,555
Referee: Wilmar Roldán (Colombia)

text: Colombia  v  Brazil

text:
5 September 2017 (2017-09-05)
15:30 UTC−5

text:
Colombia
1–1
 Brazil

Falcao  56'

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

Willian  45+2'

text:
Estadio Metropolitano Roberto Meléndez, Barranquilla
Attendance: 47,500
Referee: Jesús Valenzuela (Venezuela)

text: Ecuador  v  Peru

text:
5 September 2017 (2017-09-05)
16:00 UTC−5

text:
Ecuador
1–2
 Peru

E. Valencia  79' (pen.)

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

Flores  73'
Hurtado  76'

text:
Estadio Olímpico Atahualpa, Quito
Attendance: 35,000
Referee: Enrique Cáceres (Paraguay)

text: Argentina  v  Venezuela

text:
5 September 2017 (2017-09-05)
20:30 UTC−3

text:
Argentina
1–1
 Venezuela

Feltscher  54' (o.g.)

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

Murillo  51'

text:
Estadio Monumental Antonio Vespucio Liberti, Buenos Aires
Attendance: 60,000
Referee: Roberto Tobar (Chile)

text: Paraguay  v  Uruguay

text:
5 September 2017 (2017-09-05)
20:00 UTC−4

text:
Paraguay
1–2
 Uruguay

Á. Romero  88'

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

Valverde  76'
Gómez  80' (o.g.)

text:
Estadio Defensores del Chaco, Asunción
Attendance: 35,000
Referee: Sandro Ricci (Brazil)

text: Matchday 17[edit]

text: Bolivia  v  Brazil

text:
5 October 2017 (2017-10-05)
16:00 UTC−4

text:
Bolivia
0–0
 Brazil

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

text:
Estadio Hernando Siles, La Paz
Attendance: 34,725
Referee: Fernando Rapallini (Argentina)

text: Venezuela  v  Uruguay

text:
5 October 2017 (2017-10-05)
17:00 UTC−4

text:
Venezuela
0–0
 Uruguay

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

text:
Estadio Polideportivo de Pueblo Nuevo, San Cristóbal
Attendance: 32,100
Referee: Anderson Daronco (Brazil)

text: Argentina  v  Peru

text:
5 October 2017 (2017-10-05)
20:30 UTC–3

text:
Argentina
0–0
 Peru

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

text:
La Bombonera, Buenos Aires
Attendance: 47,960
Referee: Wilton Sampaio (Brazil)

text: Chile  v  Ecuador

text:
5 October 2017 (2017-10-05)
20:30 UTC−3

text:
Chile
2–1
 Ecuador

Vargas  22'
Sánchez  85'

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

R. Ibarra  82'

text:
Estadio Monumental David Arellano, Santiago[note 4]
Attendance: 35,000
Referee: Sandro Ricci (Brazil)

text: Colombia  v  Paraguay

text:
5 October 2017 (2017-10-05)
18:30 UTC−5

text:
Colombia
1–2
 Paraguay

Falcao  79'

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

Cardozo  89'
Sanabria  90+2'

text:
Estadio Metropolitano Roberto Meléndez, Barranquilla
Attendance: 45,000
Referee: Ricardo Marques (Brazil)

text: Matchday 18[edit]

text: Brazil  v  Chile

text:
10 October 2017 (2017-10-10)
20:30 UTC−3

text:
Brazil
3–0
 Chile

Paulinho  55'
Gabriel Jesus  57', 90+2'

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

text:
Allianz Parque, São Paulo
Attendance: 41,008
Referee: Roddy Zambrano (Ecuador)

text: Ecuador  v  Argentina

text:
10 October 2017 (2017-10-10)
18:30 UTC−5

text:
Ecuador
1–3
 Argentina

R. Ibarra  1'

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

Messi  11', 19', 62'

text:
Estadio Olímpico Atahualpa, Quito
Attendance: 29,000
Referee: Anderson Daronco (Brazil)

text: Paraguay  v  Venezuela

text:
Paraguay
0–1
 Venezuela

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

Herrera  84'

text:
Estadio Defensores del Chaco, Asunción
Attendance: 34,786
Referee: Wilton Sampaio (Brazil)

text: Peru  v  Colombia

text:
Peru
1–1
 Colombia

Ospina  77' (o.g.)

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

Rodríguez  55'

text:
Estadio Nacional, Lima
Attendance: 29,637
Referee: Sandro Ricci (Brazil)

text: Uruguay  v  Bolivia

text:
Uruguay
4–2
 Bolivia

Cáceres  39'
Cavani  42'
Suárez  60', 76'

Report (FIFA)
Report (CONMEBOL)

Silva  24' (o.g.)
Godín  79' (o.g.)

text:
Estadio Centenario, Montevideo
Attendance: 50,000
Referee: Ricardo Marques (Brazil)

text: Inter-confederation play-offs[edit]

text: The draw for the inter-confederation play-offs was held as part of the 2018 FIFA World Cup Preliminary Draw on 25 July 2015, starting 18:00 MSK (UTC+3), at the Konstantinovsky Palace in Strelna, Saint Petersburg.[3] The fifth-placed team from CONMEBOL was drawn against the first-placed team from OFC, with the CONMEBOL team hosting the second leg.[16]

text:
Team 1
Agg.
Team 2
1st leg
2nd leg

New Zealand
Play-off 2
 Peru
11 Nov
15 Nov

text: Qualified teams[edit]

text: The following teams from CONMEBOL have qualified for the final tournament.

text:
Team
Qualified as
Qualified on
Previous appearances in tournament1

 Brazil
1 !Winners
000000002017-03-28-000028 March 2017
20 (1930, 1934, 1938, 1950, 1954, 1958, 1962, 1966, 1970, 1974, 1978, 1982, 1986, 1990, 1994, 1998, 2002, 2006, 2010, 2014)

 Uruguay
2 !Runners-up
000000002017-10-10-000110 October 2017
12 (1930, 1950, 1954, 1962, 1966, 1970, 1974, 1986, 1990, 2002, 2010, 2014)

 Argentina
3 !Third place
000000002017-10-10-000210 October 2017
16 (1930, 1934, 1958, 1962, 1966, 1974, 1978, 1982, 1986, 1990, 1994, 1998, 2002, 2006, 2010, 2014)

 Colombia
4 !Fourth place
000000002017-10-10-000310 October 2017
5 (1962, 1990, 1994, 1998, 2014)

text: Goalscorers[edit]

text: There were 242 goals scored in 90 matches, for an average of 2.69 goals per match.

text: Edinson Cavani

text:
Lionel Messi
 Alexis Sánchez
 Felipe Caicedo

text:
Gabriel Jesus
 Neymar
 Paulinho
 Arturo Vidal
 James Rodríguez

text:
Eduardo Vargas
 Enner Valencia
 Edison Flores
 Paolo Guerrero
 Josef Martínez
 Luis Suárez

text:
Juan Carlos Arce
 Philippe Coutinho
 Willian
 Darío Lezcano
 Christian Cueva
 Rómulo Otero

text:
Pablo Escobar
 Renato Augusto
 Carlos Bacca
 Edwin Cardona
 Jefferson Farfán
 Martín Cáceres
 Diego Godín

text:
Ángel Di María
 Gabriel Mercado
 Lucas Pratto
 Marcelo Martins Moreno
 Rodrigo Ramallo
 Douglas Costa
 Filipe Luís
 Ricardo Oliveira
 Esteban Paredes
 Mauricio Pinilla
 Radamel Falcao
 Miller Bolaños
 Romario Ibarra
 Fidel Martínez
 Derlis González
 Cristian Rodríguez
 Diego Rolán
 Mikel Villanueva

text:
Lucas Biglia
 Ramiro Funes Mori
 Gonzalo Higuaín
 Ezequiel Lavezzi
 Nicolás Otamendi
 Gilbert Álvarez
 Rudy Cardozo
 Alejandro Chumacero
 Yasmani Duk
 Ronald Raldes
 Dani Alves
 Lucas Lima
 Marcelo
 Miranda
 Roberto Firmino
 Felipe Gutiérrez
 Abel Aguilar
 Juan Cuadrado
 Teófilo Gutiérrez
 Yerry Mina
 Sebastián Pérez
 Macnelly Torres
 Gabriel Achilier
 Michael Arroyo
 Frickson Erazo
 Ángel Mena
 Arturo Mina
 Jefferson Montero
 Cristian Ramírez
 Antonio Valencia
 Júnior Alonso
 Lucas Barrios
 Édgar Benítez
 Víctor Cáceres
 Óscar Cardozo
 Paulo da Silva
 Richard Ortiz
 Cristian Riveros
 Ángel Romero
 Óscar Romero
 Antonio Sanabria
 Bruno Valdez
 André Carrillo
 Paolo Hurtado
 Christian Ramos
 Raúl Ruidíaz
 Renato Tapia
 Sebastián Coates
 Abel Hernández
 Nicolás Lodeiro
 Álvaro Pereira
 Carlos Sánchez
 Federico Valverde
 Richard Blanco
 Yangel Herrera
 Juanpi
 Jacobo Kouffati
 Jhon Murillo
 Mario Rondón
 Salomón Rondón
 Christian Santos

text:
Marquinhos (playing against Colombia)
 Arturo Vidal (playing against Paraguay)
 David Ospina (playing against Peru)
 Walter Ayoví (playing against Brazil)
 Édgar Benítez (playing against Peru)
 Gustavo Gómez (playing against Uruguay)
 Rolf Feltscher (playing against Argentina)
 Diego Godín (playing against Bolivia)
 Gastón Silva (playing against Bolivia)

text: Notes[edit]

text:
Jump up ^ The match between Argentina and Brazil was originally scheduled to be played on 12 November 2015, 21:00 UTC−3, but was postponed to the following day due to bad weather.[11]
Jump up ^ FIFA awarded Peru a 3–0 win as a result of Bolivia fielding the ineligible player Nelson Cabrera, after Bolivia had defeated Peru 2–0. Nelson Cabrera had previously represented Paraguay and did not meet eligibility rules.[10]
Jump up ^ FIFA awarded Chile a 3–0 win as a result of Bolivia fielding the ineligible player Nelson Cabrera, after the match had finished 0–0. Nelson Cabrera had previously represented Paraguay and did not meet eligibility rules.[10]
^ Jump up to: a b c d Chile were sanctioned by FIFA to play one home match (against Bolivia on 6 September 2016) away from Estadio Nacional Julio Martínez Prádanos, Santiago due to homophobic chants by the team’s fans, with a possible ban on a second match subject to a probation period of two years.[12] Since Chile committed another infringement during this period, a second match ban on playing at Estadio Nacional Julio Martínez Prádanos will be served (against Venezuela on 28 March 2017).[13] Chile was sanctioned with a ban on playing at Estadio Nacional Julio Martínez Prádanos for two further matches (against Paraguay on 31 August 2017 and against Ecuador on 5 October 2017) after similar incidents.[14]
Jump up ^ The match between Peru and Bolivia was originally scheduled to be played at the Estadio Nacional, but was moved to the Estadio Monumental "U" due to poor conditions of the pitch at the Estadio Nacional.[15]


document_title: Life Insurance Corporation

question_text: when was oriental life insurance company established in india

text: Life Insurance Corporation

text: History[edit]

text: Founding organisations[edit]

text: The Oriental Life Insurance Company, the first company in India offering life insurance coverage, was established in Kolkata in 1818 by "Anita Bhavsar" and others. Its primary target market was the Europeans based in India, and it charged Indians heftier premiums.[8] Surendranath Tagore had founded Hindusthan Insurance Society, which later became Life Insurance Corporation.[9]

text: The Bombay Mutual Life Assurance Society, formed in 1870, was the first native insurance provider. Other insurance companies established in the pre-independence era included

text:
Postal Life Insurance (PLI) was introduced on 1 February 1884
Bharat Insurance Company (1896)
United India (1906)
National Indian (1906)
National Insurance (1906)
Co-operative Assurance (1906)
Hindustan Co-operatives (1907)
Indian Mercantile
General Assurance
Swadeshi Life (later Bombay Life)
Sahyadri Insurance (Merged into LIC, 1986)

tag: ul

text: The first 150 years were marked mostly by turbulent economic conditions. It witnessed India's First War of Independence, adverse effects of the World War I and World War II on the economy of India, and in between them the period of worldwide economic crises triggered by the Great depression. The first half of the 20th century saw a heightened struggle for India's independence. The aggregate effect of these events led to a high rate of and liquidation of life insurance companies in India. This had adversely affected the faith of the general in the utility of obtaining life cover.

text: Nationalisation in 1956[edit]

text: In 1955, parliamentarian Amol Barate raised the matter of insurance fraud by owners of private insurance agencies. In the ensuing investigations, one of India's wealthiest businessmen, Ramkrishna Dalmia, owner of the Times of India newspaper, was sent to prison for two years.

text: The Parliament of India passed the Life Insurance of India Act on 19 June 1956 creating the Life Insurance Corporation of India, which started operating in September of that year. It consolidated the business of 245 private life insurers and other entities offering life insurance services; this consisted of 154 life insurance companies, 16 foreign companies and 75 provident companies. The nationalisation of the life insurance business in India was a result of the Industrial Policy Resolution of 1956, which had created a policy framework for extending state control over at least 17 sectors of the economy, including life insurance.

text: LIC's Contribution to the five year plans over the years[edit]

text:
Plan
Year
Investment

2
1956-1961
Rs.184 Cr

3
1961-1966
Rs.285 Cr

4
1969-1974
Rs.1,530 Cr

5
1974-1979
Rs.2,942 Cr

6
1980-1985
Rs.7,140 Cr

7
1985-1990
Rs.12,969 Cr

8
1992-1997
Rs.56,097 Cr

9
1997-2002
Rs.1,70,929 Cr

10
2002-2007
Rs.3,94,779 Cr

11
2007-2012
Rs.7,04,151 Cr

12
2012-2017
Rs.14,23,055 Cr

13
2017-2022
Rs.3,82,479 Cr

text: Growth as a monopoly[edit]

text: From its creation, the Life Insurance Corporation of India, which commanded a monopoly of soliciting and selling life insurance in India, created huge surpluses and by 2006 was contributing around 7% of India's GDP.[citation needed]

text: The corporation, which started its business with around 300 offices, 5.7 million policies and a corpus of INR 45.9 crores (US$92 million as per the 1959 exchange rate of roughly ₹5 for US$1),[10] had grown to 25,000 servicing around 350 million policies and a corpus of over ₹800,000 crore (US$110 billion) by the end of the 20th century.

text: Liberalisation post 2000s[edit]

text: In August 2000, the Indian Government embarked on a program to liberalise the insurance sector and opened it up for the private sector. LIC emerged as a beneficiary from this process with robust performance, albeit on a base substantially higher than the private sector.

text: In 2013 the first year premium compound annual growth rate (CAGR) was 24.53% while total life premium CAGR was 19.28% matching the growth of the life insurance industry and outperforming general economic growth.[11]

text: Operations[edit]

text: Today LIC functions with 2048 fully computerized branch offices, 8 zonal offices, around 113 divisional offices, 2,048 branches and 1408 satellite offices and the Central Office;[12] it also has 54 customer zones and 25 metro-area service hubs located in different cities and towns of India. It also has a network of 1,537,064 individual agents, 342 Corporate Agents, 109 Referral Agents, 114 Brokers and 42 Banks for soliciting life insurance business from the public.

text: Slogan[edit]

text:
LIC's slogan yogakshemam vahaamyaham is in Sanskrit which loosely translates into English as "Your welfare is our responsibility".  This is derived from ancient Hindu text, the Bhagavad Gita's 9th chapter, 22nd verse.[13] The slogan can be seen in the logo, written in Devanagari script.
This line means "I carry what they lack, and I preserve what they have" (refers to Krishna speaking to Arjuna), when taken in context of the entire verse.

text: Awards and recognitions[edit]

text:
The Economic Times Brand Equity Survey 2012 rated LIC as the No. 6 Most Trusted Service Brand of India.[14]
From the year 2006, LIC has been continuously winning the Readers' Digest Trusted brand award.
Voted India's Most Trusted brand in the BFSI category according to the Brand Trust Report for 4 continuous years - 2011-2014 according to the Brand Trust Report.[15]

text: Employees and agents[edit]

text: As on 31 March 2014, LIC had 1,20,388 employees, out of which 24,867 were women (20.65%).

text:
Category of employees
Total Number
No. of Women

Class-I Officers
0031,420
0006,297

Class-II Development Officers
0026,621
0001,033

Class III/IV employees
0062,347
0017,542

Total
01,20,388
0024,867

text: Agency strength[edit]

text: The total number of Agents on our roll is 11,31,181 as at 31.03.2017 as against 10,61,560 as on 31.03.2016. The number of Active Agents is 10,46,484 as at 31.03.2017 as compared to 10,18,039 as on 31.03.2016.[16]

text: Initiatives[edit]

text:
Golden Jubilee Foundation
LIC Golden Jubilee Foundation was established in 2006 as a charity organization. This entity has the aim of promoting education, alleviation of poverty, and providing better living conditions for the under privileged. Out of all the activities conducted by the organisation, Golden Jubilee Scholarship awards is the best known. Each year, this award is given to the meritorious students in standard XII of school education or equivalent, who wish to continue their studies and have a parental income less than ₹100,000 (US$1,400).[17]

text: Holdings[edit]

text: LIC holds shares worth about Rs 2.33 lakh crore in all the Nifty companies put together, but it lowered its holding in a total of 27 Nifty companies during the quarter.

text: The cumulative value of LIC holding in these 27 companies fell by little over Rs 8,000 crore during the quarter shows the analysis of changes in their shareholding patterns.

text: Individually, LIC is estimated to have sold shares worth Rs 500-1,000 crore in each of Mahindra & Mahindra, HDFC Bank, ICICI Bank, Tata Motors, L&T, HDFC, Wipro, SBI, Maruti Suzuki, Dr Reddys and Bajaj Auto.

text: The insurance behemoth also trimmed holdings in Ambuja Cements, Cipla, TCS, Lupin and Asian Paints. A marginal decline was also witnessed in its stakes in companies such as IDFC, Hindustan Unilever, Grasim, ACC, BPCL, Bank of Baroda, Punjab National Bank, Sun Pharma and Tata Power.

text: On the other hand, LIC further ramped up its stake in a total of 14 Nifty constituents with purchase of shares worth an estimated Rs 4,000 crore.

text: The major companies where LIC has raised its stake include Infosys, RIL, Coal India Ltd and Cairn India. Other such companies are ITC, Power Grid Corp, NTPC, Siemens, Bharti Airtel and Hero MotoCorp.

text: The state-run insurer also marginally hiked its exposure in Ultratech, Gail India, Ranbaxy, Kotak Mahindra Bank and HCL Technologies, while its shareholding remained almost unchanged in companies like ONGC, Tata Steel, BHEL and Reliance Infra.

text: Among the Nifty companies, LIC’s holding in terms of value in 2012 were estimated to be the highest in ITC (Rs 27,326 crore), followed by RIL (Rs 21,659 crore), ONGC (Rs 17,764 crore), SBI (Rs 17,058 crore), L&T (Rs 16,800 crore), and ICICI Bank (Rs 10,006 crore). its[18]

text: The share price drop in ITC on July 18, 2017 had caused LIC a major loss of around 7000 Crores.[19]


document_title: Lucy-Jo Hudson

question_text: who does lucy jo hudson play in corrie

question_tokens: who does lucy jo hudson play in corrie

text: Lucy-Jo Hudson

text:
Lucy-Jo HudsonBorn
4 May 1983 (1983-05-04) (age 35)Leeds, West Yorkshire, EnglandOccupation
ActressYears active
2002–2012, 2016–presentTelevision
Coronation Street (2002–2005)Wild at Heart (2006–09, 2012) Hollyoaks  (2018-)Spouse(s)
Alan Halsall (m. 2009)Children
1

text: Lucy-Jo Hudson (born 4 May 1983) is an English  actress, best known for her roles as  Katy Harris in Coronation Street, Donna-Marie Quinn in Hollyoaks and Rosie Trevanion in the ITV drama Wild at Heart from 2006–09. Her recurring role of Rhiannon Davis in Doctors in 2016 earned her 2017 British Soap Award for Villain of the Year.

text: Hudson attended Garforth Community College in Leeds, England, now known as Garforth Academy.[citation needed]

text: Before landing her role in Coronation Street she appeared in theatre including West Yorkshire Playhouse. She was a regular panellist on Loose Women during 2005.

text: Wild at Heart debuted in January 2006 and Hudson starred in it until departing during Series 4 in 2009. She rejoined the cast for Series 7 and the show's finale, which was broadcast on 30 December 2012.[1]

text: Hudson's brother, Ryan is a former rugby league footballer, and former captain of the Castleford Tigers. She has a younger sister, Amy-Lou, who is a self-employed dance teacher. Her parents separated before her teens and she lived with her mother in Garforth, moving there from nearby Rothwell. Her father was adopted and is not aware of his true background. She is close friends with X Factor contestant Carolynne Poole.

text: Hudson is married to Coronation Street actor Alan Halsall who plays the role of Tyrone Dobbs.[2] On 18 February 2013, the couple announced via Twitter that they were expecting their first child.[3] On 8 September 2013, Hudson gave birth to their daughter, Sienna Rae.[4] The couple announced they were splitting up in March 2016, however they rekindled their relationship several weeks later.[5]

text: Filmography[edit]

text:
Year

Title

Type

Role

Notes

2002–2005

Coronation Street

TV

Katy Harris

Regular role, 281 episodes

2005

Loose Women

TV

Herself - Panellist

Series Regular, 8 episodes

2006–2009, 2012–2013

Wild at Heart

TV

Rosie Trevanion

Regular role, 38 episodes

2009

Looking for Eric

Film

Sam

2010

Casualty

TV

Deena Richards

Episode titled "Winter Wonderland", 1 episode

2016

Doctors

TV

Rhiannon Davis

Recurring role, 14 episodes

2017

Dance Dance Dance

TV

Herself

Contestant, runner-up

2018-present

Hollyoaks

TV

Donna-Marie Quinn

Regular role


document_title: Wall Street Journal prime rate

question_text: what is the wall street journal prime rate as of today

text: Wall Street Journal prime rate

text: Historical data for the WSJ prime rate[edit]

text:
1990-1999

Date of Change
Prime Rate

1991

2-Jan-91
9.50%

1-Feb-91
9.00-9.50

5-Feb-91
9.00

21-Feb-91
8.75-9.00 (BofA)

24-Apr-91
9.00

1-May-91
8.50

13-Sep-91
8.00

6-Nov-91
7.50

23-Dec-91
6.50

1992

02-Jul-92
6.00%

1994

24-Mar-94
6.25%

19-Apr-94
6.75

18-May-94
7.25

16-Aug-94
7.75

15-Nov-94
8.50

1995

1-Feb-95
9.00%

7-Jul-95
8.75%

20-Dec-95
8.50%

1996

31-Jan-96
8.25%

1997

27-Mar-97
8.50%

1998

30-Sep-98
8.25%

16-Oct-98
8.00%

18-Nov-98
7.75%

1999

01-Jul-99
8.00%

25-Aug-99
8.25%

17-Nov-99
8.50%

2000-2009

Date of Change
Prime Rate

2000

03-Feb-00
8.75%

22-Mar-00
9.00%

17-May-00
9.50%

2001

04-Jan-01
9.00%

01-Feb-01
8.50%

21-Mar-01
8.00%

19-Apr-01
7.50%

16-May-01
7.00%

28-Jun-01
6.75%

22-Aug-01
6.50%

18-Sep-01
6.00%

03-Oct-01
5.50%

07-Nov-01
5.00%

12-Dec-01
4.75%

2002

07-Nov-02
4.25%

2003

27-Jun-03
4.00%

2004

01-Jul-04
4.25%

11-Aug-04
4.50%

22-Sep-04
4.75%

10-Nov-04
5.00%

14-Dec-04
5.25%

2005

02-Feb-05
5.50%

22-Mar-05
5.75%

03-May-05
6.00%

30-Jun-05
6.25%

09-Aug-05
6.50%

20-Sep-05
6.75%

01-Nov-05
7.00%

13-Dec-05
7.25%

2006

31-Jan-06
7.50%

28-Mar-06
7.75%

10-May-06
8.00%

29-Jun-06
8.25%

2007

18-Sept-07
7.75%

31-Oct-07
7.50%

11-Dec-07
7.25%

2008

22-Jan-08
6.50%

30-Jan-08
6.00%

18-Mar-08
5.25%

30-Apr-08
5.00%

08-Oct-08
4.50%

30-Oct-08
4.00%

16-Dec-08
3.25%

2010-pres

Date of Change
Prime Rate

2015

17-Dec-15
3.50%

2016

15-Dec-16
3.75%[1]

2017

16-Mar-17
4.00%

15-Jun-17
4.25%

14-Dec-17
4.50%

2018

22-Mar-18
4.75%


document_title: Elvira, Mistress of the Dark

question_text: who played bob in elvira mistress of the dark

text: Elvira, Mistress of the Dark

text: Plot[edit]

text: Los Angeles TV horror hostess "Elvira, Mistress of the Dark" (Cassandra Peterson) quits her job after the station's new owner sexually harasses her. She plans to open an act in Las Vegas, but needs $50,000 for the project. Upon learning she is a beneficiary of her deceased great-aunt Morgana, she travels to Fallwell, Massachusetts, to claim the inheritance, which includes a mansion and Morgana's pet poodle, Algonquin.

text: In Fallwell, Elvira's worldly attitude and revealing clothes set the conservative town council against her. But theater operator Bob Redding (Daniel Greene) befriends her. The town's teenagers quickly accept her, to the chagrin of their parents, who consider her a bad influence. Bowling alley owner Patty (Susan Kellermann) is interested in Bob, and with help from members of the school board and the PTA, she humiliates Elvira by sabotaging the late-night film festival she was presenting at Bob's theater. Elvira struggles to sell the house, so she can depart for Las Vegas. Meanwhile, she is unaware that her seemingly-harmless uncle Vincent is actually a warlock who is obsessed with obtaining Morgana's spellbook; he plans to kill Elvira and conquer the world, and has been fuelling the townspeople's hostility.

text: Elvira tries to impress Bob with a home-cooked dinner, but mistakenly uses the spellbook as a cookbook and summons a creature that attacks them. Elvira learns that the book was her mother Divana's spellbook, and that Morgana hid her to protect her from Vincent. When Elvira tries to unleash the creature against the Morality Club at their picnic, she prepares the brew incorrectly and it instead has an aphrodisiac effect; the adults remove each other's clothing indiscriminately and are arrested for indecent exposure. When Patty confronts Elvira, the resulting fistfight ends up humiliating Patty by revealing that her bra is stuffed.

text: Vincent leads the townspeople in arresting Elvira for witchcraft, which is still illegal in the state. They decide to burn her at the stake. The teenagers try to free her from jail, but fail and accidentally lock themselves into a different cell. Bob tries to recover the spellbook from the mansion, but is tied up by Vincent, who takes the book. Algonquin transforms into a rat and unties Bob. Elvira is tied to a stake and the fire is lit, but she uses Morgana's ring to summon rain that quenches the fire; she escapes with Bob. At the mansion, Elvira and Vincent engage in a magical battle that sets fire to the house. Elvira banishes Vincent to the underworld, while the house and all of the magical artifacts are destroyed.

text: The next day, Elvira prepares to leave town. The townspeople apologize for their behavior, and everyone asks Elvira to stay. She kisses Bob but, as she is homeless, she insists that she must leave. Elvira has inherited Vincent's estate, which included enough money to open her show in Las Vegas. At a Las Vegas hotel, Elvira performs a lavishly produced musical number.

text: Cast[edit]

text:
Cassandra Peterson as Elvira / Aunt Morgana Talbot
W. Morgan Sheppard as Great-Uncle Vincent Talbot
Daniel Greene as Bob Redding
Susan Kellermann as Patty
Edie McClurg as Chastity Pariah
Robert Benedetti as Mr. Calvin Cobb
Kurt Fuller as Mr. Glotter
Jeff Conaway as Travis
William Duell as Lesley Meeker
Pat Crawford Brown as Mrs. Meeker
Ellen Dunning as Robin Meeker
Ira Heiden as Bo
Tress MacNeille as Anchor Woman and voice of Aunt Morgana Talbot
Frank Welker as voice of Algonquin

text: Soundtrack[edit]

text: The original music score was composed by James B. Campbell and the soundtrack features the single "I Put a Spell On You" performed by Joanna St. Claire.

text: Reception[edit]

text: Review aggregation website Rotten Tomatoes gives the film an approval rating of 47% based on reviews from 15 critics, indicating mixed reviews.[3]

text: Awards and nominations[edit]

text: The film received a Razzie Award nomination for Cassandra Peterson as Worst Actress in 1989, losing to Liza Minnelli for both Arthur 2: On the Rocks and Rent-a-Cop.

text: Nominations[edit]

text: Fantasporto

text: Best film: 1990[4]

text: Saturn Awards

text: Best Actress: Cassandra Peterson – 1990[5]

text: Golden Raspberry

text: Worst Actress: Cassandra Peterson – 1988[6]

text: Stinkers Bad Movie Awards

text: Worst Picture: 1988[7]

text: Sequel[edit]

text: In 2001, The Elvira Movie Company and Media Pro Pictures released Elvira's Haunted Hills, the official sequel.[8]


document_title: 2017 BBC Sports Personality of the Year Award

question_text: who came second and third in sports personality of the year 2017

text: Nominees[edit]

text: The nominees for the award were revealed by Gabby Logan on 27 November 2017, during BBC One's The One Show.[3]

text:
Nominee
Sport
2017 Achievement
BBC profile
Votes (percentage)[4]

Sir Mo Farah
Athletics
Won his third consecutive 10,000 metres gold at the IAAF World Championships, along with 5000 metres silver. He is the first athlete to win ten global outdoor long-distance titles on the track and the first Briton to win outdoor titles in four World Championships (both consecutively and outright).
[1]
83,524 (15.32%)

Jonathan Rea
Motorcycling
Won the Superbike World Championship for the third time, making him just the third rider to do so (and the first to achieve a consecutive hat-trick). Also broke the record for most points scored in a season (previously held by Colin Edwards).
[2]
80,567 (14.78%)

Jonnie Peacock
Athletics
Won his second T44 100 metres gold at the World Para Athletics Championships.
[3]
73,429 (13.47%)

Anthony Joshua
Boxing
Added the previously vacant WBA (Super) heavyweight belt to his IBF belt upon defeating Wladimir Klitschko, then retained both upon defeating Carlos Takam.
[4]
73,411 (13.47%)

Adam Peaty
Swimming
Successfully defended his 50 and 100 metres breaststroke titles at the FINA World Championships and twice broke his own 50m world record en-route, making him the first Briton to win four individual world titles. Also helped secure silver in the 4 x 100 metres medley relay.
[5]
63,739 (11.69%)

Lewis Hamilton
Formula 1
Won the World Drivers' Championship for the fourth time, making him the first Briton (and fifth driver overall) to do so. Also succeeded Michael Schumacher as pole position record holder.
[6]
60,627 (11.12%)

Chris Froome
Cycling
Won the Tour de France for the fourth time (and third in succession), then went on to win the Vuelta a España. He is the first cyclist to win two Grand Tours within a season since Alberto Contador in 2008, as well as the first Briton to claim either achievement. Also won time trial bronze at the UCI Road World Championships.
[7]
47,683 (8.75%)

Harry Kane
Football
Became the Premier League's top scorer for a second consecutive season and as England captain helped secure qualification for the FIFA World Cup.
[8]
18,759 (3.44%)

Anya Shrubsole
Cricket
Part of the English squad that won the Women's Cricket World Cup. Produced World Cup final-best bowling figures of 6-46 (including a 19-delivery 5-11 spell) that were instrumental to the match outcome and was consequently named player of the match.
[9]
15,237 (2.80%)

Bianca Walkden
Taekwondo
Became the first Briton to successfully defend a world title upon winning heavyweight gold at the World Taekwondo Championships.
[10]
13,962 (2.56%)

Johanna Konta
Tennis
Became the first British woman to contest the Wimbledon singles semi-finals since Virginia Wade in 1978, as well as the first to win a Premier Mandatory title (Miami Open).
[11]
7,591 (1.39%)

Elise Christie
Speed skating
Became the first ever female British world champion upon winning overall, 1000 and 1500 metres gold at the ISU World Short Track Championships, as well as 3000 metres bronze.
[12]
6,504 (1.19%)

text: Controversy[edit]

text: Paradise Papers[edit]

text: In November 2017, Hamilton was named in the Paradise Papers. It was reported that Hamilton had avoided paying £3.3 million of Value Added Tax on his private jet worth £16.5 million.[5] The leasing deal set up by advisers was said by the BBC to appear to be artificial and not to comply with an EU and UK ban on refunds for private use.[5] Host of the BBC Sports Personality of the year Gary Lineker was also named in the Paradise Papers in November 2017.

text: Banned substances[edit]

text: On 13 December 2017, the UCI announced that Froome had returned an "Adverse Analytical Finding" for twice his allowed dose of Salbutamol, a medication against asthma. Both the A and B samples proved positive. The test was taken after stage 18 of the Vuelta a España. In a statement, Froome commented: "My asthma got worse at the Vuelta so I followed the team doctor’s advice to increase my Salbutamol dosage. As always, I took the greatest care to ensure that I did not use more than the permissible dose."[6] Froome later reiterated these comments during the ceremony.

text: Other awards[edit]

text: In addition to the main award as "Sports Personality of the Year", several other awards will also be presented:[3]

text:
BBC Overseas Sports Personality of the Year: Roger Federer was announced as the winner for the fourth time[7]
BBC Sports Personality Team of the Year Award: England Women's Cricket Team
BBC Sports Personality of the Year Lifetime Achievement Award: Jessica Ennis-Hill
BBC Sports Personality of the Year Coach Award: Benke Blomkvist, Stephen Maguire and Christian Malcolm
BBC Sports Personality of the Year Helen Rollason Award: Bradley Lowery[8]
BBC Young Sports Personality of the Year: Phil Foden[9]
BBC Sports Unsung Hero Award: Denise Larrad


document_title: How much wood would a woodchuck chuck

question_text: who wrote how much wood could a woodchuck chuck

text: How much wood would a woodchuck chuck

text: Answers[edit]

text: The traditional "response" to the question is: "A woodchuck would chuck as much wood as a woodchuck could chuck if a woodchuck could chuck wood".[5] This answer is considered nonsensical for being a tautology.

text: A 1957 Associated Press piece refers to the question as "a riddle which beats the Sphinx, since it's still unanswered".[6] A more concrete answer was published by the Associated Press in 1988, which reported that a New York fish and wildlife technician named Richard Thomas had calculated the volume of dirt in a typical 25–30-foot (7.6–9.1 m) long woodchuck burrow and had determined that if the woodchuck had moved an equivalent volume of wood, it could move "about 700 pounds (320 kg) on a good day, with the wind at his back".[7][8] Another study, which considered "chuck" to be the opposite of upchucking, determined that a woodchuck could ingest 361.9237001 cm3 (22.08593926 cu in)[9] of wood per day.[10]

text: Another proposed response comes from the parody-filled video game Monkey Island 2: LeChuck's Revenge, where the protagonist asks a carpenter the question and gets the response: "A woodchuck would chuck no amount of wood since a woodchuck can't chuck wood."[11]

text: Origin[edit]

text: The origin of the phrase is from a 1902 song "The Woodchuck Song", written by Robert Hobart Davis for Fay Templeton in the musical The Runaways.[12][13] the lyrics became better known in a 1904 version of the song written by Theodore Morse, with a chorus of "How much wood would a woodchuck chuck if a woodchuck could chuck wood?",[14] which was recorded by Ragtime Roberts, in 1904.[15]

text: The tongue-twister is documented as "folklore" in 1972 at Farmington, Michigan.[16] It is used in the title of Werner Herzog's 1976 film How Much Wood Would a Woodchuck Chuck, a documentation of the World Livestock Auctioneer Championship in New Holland, Pennsylvania.

text: The woodchuck is also known as a groundhog, leading to the alternate version How much ground could a groundhog hog if a groundhog could hog ground?

text: Popular culture[edit]

text:
Google features this tongue twister as an Easter egg in its Google search and Google Now.[17][18][19][20]
A slight variation was featured in the video game "Monkey Island 2: LeChuck's Revenge".[21]
Wolfram|Alpha features an easter egg when asked the query "How much wood could a woodchuck chuck?"[22]
Ludacris incorporates this tongue twister in the Chamillionaire single "Creepin' (Solo)".[23]


document_title: Ross Malinger

question_text: where is the boy who plays jonah in sleepless in seattle

text: Ross Malinger

text:
Ross MalingerBorn
Ross Aaron Malinger (1984-07-07) July 7, 1984 (age 34)Redwood City, California, U.S.Occupation
ActorYears active
1990–2006

text: Ross Aaron Malinger[1] (born July 7, 1984) is an American actor. He is best known for his roles as Jonah Baldwin in the 1993 movie Sleepless in Seattle, starring Tom Hanks, and as Bobby Jameson in the 1997 Disney comedy film Toothless, starring Kirstie Alley. He and Alley both co-starred in the 1995 television film Peter and the Wolf. He played Adam Lippman, the Bar Mitzvah boy who liked Elaine's "Shiksa appeal", in the Seinfeld episode "The Serenity Now".

text: Life and career[edit]

text: Malinger was born in Redwood City, California, the son of Laura, a producer, and Brian Malinger, a producer and sales representative.[1]

text: Malinger co-starred with Jean-Claude Van Damme in the 1995 film Sudden Death.

text: He provided the original voice of T.J. Detweiler on the animated series Recess. He did not reprise the role in the next seasons, as he was replaced by Andrew Lawrence. He was a recurring character on the teen drama Party of Five.

text: He also provided the voice for the puppy Spike, part of the "Riley Gang" in Homeward Bound II: Lost in San Francisco; and played the role of Payton Shoemaker in Little Bigfoot.

text: He starred with Shelley Long and Treat Williams on the CBS comedy Good Advice, which lasted two seasons, 1993 to 1994.

text: He was in an episode of Touched by an Angel playing Nick Albright, a troubled teenager after his parents' separation. He appeared in an episode of Without a Trace in 2006 as Jason McMurphy.