document_title: Rainout (sports)

question_text: when is a baseball game called due to rain

root

text: Rainout (sports)

text: Baseball[edit]

text: This section possibly contains original research. Please improve it by verifying the claims made and adding inline citations. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed. (September 2015) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

tag: table

text: Generally, Major League Baseball (MLB) teams will continue play in light to moderate rain but will suspend play if it is raining heavily or if there is standing water on the field. Games can also be delayed or canceled for other forms of inclement weather, or if the field is found to be unfit for play, and for other unusual causes such as bees. Bee delays and cancellations have occurred in games such as the spring training game in 2005 that was canceled,[2] as well as the 2009 Houston Astros-San Diego Padres game that was delayed in the ninth inning.[3] However, rain is by far the most common cause for cancellations or stoppages of play. In case of rain out after the game has begun but before it is official, a rain check is issued; this dates to the 1870s, but did not become widespread until the 20th century.

tag: p

text: Before a baseball game commences, unless it is the second game of a doubleheader, the manager of the home team is in charge of deciding whether or not the game should be delayed or canceled due to rain or other inclement weather (see Rule 3.10 of baseball's Official Rules). Once the home team manager hands his lineup card to the umpire shortly before the game is to begin, the umpiring crew chief has sole discretion to decide if a game should be delayed or canceled (see Rule 3.10 and Rule 4.01 of the Official Rules). This also applies to the second game of a doubleheader. Umpires are required by rule to wait at least 30 minutes to see if conditions improve; this is referred to as a rain delay and is not counted as part of the length of the game listed in the box score. In practice, umpires are encouraged to see that games are played if at all possible, and will most of the times wait as long as three hours before declaring a rainout.

text: If a game is rained out before play begins, it is rescheduled for a later date. If it has already begun and rain falls, several scenarios are used to determine the need to resume play:

text:
If a game has completed the top half of the 5th inning and the home team is ahead, the game can be deemed an official game. The home team is declared the winner, and the game officially counts in standings.
If a game has completed the bottom half of the 5th inning and either team is ahead, and in Minor League Baseball and college games if it is the final game of the series, the game can be deemed an official game. The leading team is declared the winner, and the game officially counts in standings. However, if the game is rained out prior to the completion of an inning in which the visiting team scored one or more runs to take the lead, and the home team has not retaken the lead, the game is suspended, to be resumed at a later date.
If a game has completed the 5th inning, and the teams are tied, or in college and some Minor League Baseball games regardless of inning, and it is not the final game in the series (the first or second game in a three-game series, also regardless of inning), the game is considered suspended, and the resumption of the game is scheduled for a future date (usually the following day). The game picks up from where it left off. All games stopped for power outages after the 5th inning are considered suspended if it is not the final game in the series, regardless of the game's score.

In the Major League Baseball postseason, regardless of inning, all games stopped at any time for weather are considered suspended and continued from the point of stoppage when play resumes, no matter if the game has not reached the requirements above.[4] This rule was put into place as a result of Game 5 of the 2008 World Series, which was the first postseason game in history to be suspended and resumed from the point of suspension. Prior to the 2009 postseason, a playoff game had to have at least five innings completed in order to be suspendable; a playoff game stopped prior to that point had to be started over. An example was Game 1 of the 1982 National League Championship Series, which reached the top of the fifth inning, but had to be restarted from scratch the next day.

If none of the previous scenarios apply, the game cannot be deemed official. The umpire declares "No Game," and a make-up of the game is scheduled for a future date unless it is not feasible. The latter occurs mainly among the minor leagues and college due to travel schedules, and only in the major leagues among teams that have been declared mathematically eliminated from postseason play where no benefit in the standings would be derived. The statistics compiled during the rained out game are not counted.

tag: ul

text: The scheduling of make up dates generally follow these guidelines:

text:
If the game is postponed or suspended and both teams play each other the following day, then the game will be completed the next day as part of a doubleheader. Venue remains the same.
If the game is postponed or suspended and neither team has a game the following day, then the game will be made up the following day. Venue remains the same.
If the game is postponed or suspended, one or both teams play a different team the following day, and the teams meet again at the same venue later in the season, then the game will be rescheduled to a future series between the two teams at that venue, usually as part of a doubleheader. This mainly applies to division rivals.
If the game is postponed or suspended, one or both teams play a different team the following day, and the teams do not meet again at the same venue later in the season, then two options apply. Usually, the teams find a convenient shared open date to play the makeup game at the venue where the rainout occurred. In rare cases, if the teams play again later in the season, the game gets rescheduled to that series, usually as part of a doubleheader. For the makeup game, the team that would have hosted the game will wear their home jerseys even though the game is played at a different venue. This happened in 2013, when the Giants and the Reds met in a doubleheader at AT&T Park because a game between the two at Great American Ball Park got rained out and both teams had to play the following day.
If more than one game is postponed or suspended in a series, then the previous rules apply to each game separately.
If a makeup game must be postponed or suspended again, then the same doubleheader rules apply. This scenario is very uncommon.
In the Major League Baseball postseason, doubleheaders are prohibited under the current collective bargaining agreement. The game gets scheduled to a future date at the same venue. In some independent baseball leagues, postseason doubleheaders can happen, but are very uncommon.
If the teams are playing an international series and the game gets rained out, then the game will usually be made up at the neutral site as part of a doubleheader, but if that is not possible then the game gets rescheduled as part of a future series between the two at the designated home team's venue, usually as part of a doubleheader.
Triple headers are now prohibited under the current collective bargaining agreement, except when the first game is the conclusion of a game suspended from a prior date. This would only happen in the extremely rare case of the only remaining dates between teams being doubleheaders and no single games are left for the suspended game to precede. The last triple header occurred over 100 years ago.

text: In areas that receive high amounts of rain or otherwise could be impacted by the weather, those teams have built stadiums with a roof to protect the field, first as a domed stadium, and more recently with a retractable roof. Despite this, the Houston Astros—who played at the Houston Astrodome for 35 years and currently play at the retractable roof-equipped Minute Maid Park, primarily to protect fans from the intense summer Texas heat—ironically had a rainout at the Astrodome on June 15, 1976 due to intense flooding in the Houston area. The game, against the Pittsburgh Pirates, was later made up at Three Rivers Stadium in Pittsburgh despite the Astros still having a home series against the Pirates later that season.[5]

text: Snow delay[edit]

text: Although rare, a delay caused by snow has been known to happen in baseball. This is usually the case in the early parts of the season that, although always starts after the spring equinox, is still within the traditional snow season in the Northern half of North America. In fact, the first ever game of the Toronto Blue Jays in 1977, although not delayed, was affected by a minor snowstorm. Although some areas of North America begin to receive snow in October, it is still too warm for snow to start accumulating, and with most teams done playing for the season by that point due to the MLB playoffs, is largely a non-issue anyways, and very rarely does the World Series extend into November—something that has only happened five times, (2001 World Series, 2009 World Series, 2010 World Series, 2015 World Series and 2016 World Series)

text: In April 2007, snow storms in northern Ohio caused the Cleveland Indians to postpone their home opening series against the Seattle Mariners and forced the Indians to find a different location for their home series against the Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim. MLB took advantage of the roof at Miller Park (home of the Milwaukee Brewers) and moved the Indians-Angels series to Milwaukee. All seats were sold for $10 apiece, and attendance was 52,496 for the three games.[6] The Indians-Mariners games were eventually made up at various points in the season, including one game at Safeco Field during their regularly-scheduled series in Seattle as part of a doubleheader in which the Indians were the designated home team for the first game.

text: Motorsport[edit]

text: Some auto racing series do not compete in rain, especially series that race on paved oval tracks. The rain severely diminishes the traction between the slick tires and the surface. Other series, especially those that race on road courses such as Formula One and public roads as in rallying, use special treaded rain tires while the surface is wet but not in excessively heavy rain, standing water, or lightning (which is an automatic cessation of racing because of pit crew, race marshals, and safety). Dirt track racing can be run in a light rain as the vehicles have treaded tires. Rallying can be held in rain or snow.

text: NASCAR and the INDYCAR Verizon IndyCar Series do not compete on a wet or moist surface at most oval tracks. They will not start an event unless the surface is dry. If the surface become wet during a race, the event is typically halted, and the cars are pulled off the track. Very light moisture may warrant only a temporary yellow caution period, while heavier rains usually require a red flag, stopped condition.

text: After the rain ceases, the sanctioning body will determine if the track surface can be dried within a reasonable time frame. The track is considered "lost" if rain thoroughly wets the surface, usually characterized by a dark look to the asphalt or concrete pavement. Track crews use jet dryers, which consist of modified jet engines, mounted upside down to allow the hot exhaust to pummel the surface. The hot exhaust acts to quickly evaporate the rainwater, and allow the surface to dry considerably quicker than normal conditions. Large scale wet-vacs are also sometimes used to supplement.

text: The safety car driver will work with race stewards on the proper decision on a red flag when rain falls. In NASCAR, if the race start is delayed, officials may ask a more experienced driver to evaluate if a track is sufficiently dry by having the driver run medium-speed laps around the circuit to evaluate the dryness of the circuit. He then reports the results to his crew chief, who sends a report to a NASCAR official.

text: In rain conditions, officials may start the race under the Safety Car, and wave the green after a few laps have been run under such conditions. In that situation, all Safety Car laps count towards the race distance, but in NASCAR and INDYCAR, only after both green and yellow are waved together (some laps may be run beforehand that do not count). However, officials may only allow the laps to count if the green flag is the next flag to wave and not the red flag, and officials may discard all laps run if cars do not complete a lap under green flag conditions. This procedure may be used by officials in an attempt to reach the race to official race status (halfway or three-fourths).

text: If rain does not subside, the sanctioning body has several options. Typically, the race is considered "official" if has completed at least one lap beyond the halfway point of the advertised distance (similar to baseball). If such is the case, the race is deemed complete, and a winner can be declared. In some cases, if the race has already gone beyond the halfway point (especially if it is very near the scheduled finish) when rain falls, and the weather forecast is for day-long rain, no attempt to complete the remainder of the race will be attempted. If a downpour occurs very near the end of the race, the officials, in fact, may use their authority to wave the checkered flag at that instant, and end the race immediately. (This occurred during the 1975 Indianapolis 500). However, if the event is stopped any lap before the Halfway point, the remainder of the event can be postponed to the following day. (This happened in the 1997 Indianapolis 500).

text: NASCAR and INDYCAR both will use rain tires if they are at a road course. However, if the rain is severe enough where standing water, visibility becomes an issue, or if lightning is detected within a 12km radius of the circuit, the race will be stopped. At the 2014 Honda Indy Toronto Race 1, INDYCAR attempted to wave green and yellow together to start the race under the Safety Car. After numerous incidents, INDYCAR decided to abandon the race and wiped the slate clean for Sunday with two races. INDYCAR also has cancelled qualifying at a circuit because of lightning, primarily as a safety issue with electronics, radio communications, teams on pit lane, race marshals, and spectators.

text: The code in USAC, NASCAR, and INDYCAR states if fewer than half the laps are completed or if the race is unable to start, the event is resumed on a later date, usually the next day. With the introduction of lights at numerous oval tracks, the time frame for resuming a rain delayed race on the same day has been largely expanded. Some races stopped during the day for rain have seen the track dried, and the race completed later in the evening on the same day.

text: Most road racing (except in the United States) do not use the 50 percent rule. In the FIA Code, if severe rain forces the race to be interrupted, the regulations state if less than three laps were completed, the race is canceled and will not be made up. Once a race is on its fourth green flag lap, the race is official, and only half points will be awarded until 75% of the race has been completed.

text: Famous events delayed by rain in motorsport[edit]

text: The 1976 Indianapolis 500 was the shortest Indianapolis 500 in history, one lap past official status, with 102 laps completed.

text: The 1976 Japanese Grand Prix was delayed because of rain. When the race eventually started, championship leader Niki Lauda pulled out because of the dangerous circuit allowing James Hunt to score enough points to win the F1 Drivers championship.

text: The 1992 Tooheys 1000 was drastically affected by rain, with the Dick Johnson Racing team leading the race on Lap 145 after a series of crashes at Forrest's Elbow. However, as the Winfield Racing Nissan team was part of a crash on Lap 144 at the section, the rules ordered a countback to the 143rd lap when the race was called to rain. The Nissan team was declared winner.

text: The MotoGP 2008 Red Bull Indianapolis Grand Prix was drastically affected by Hurricane Ike. The 250cc (now 600cc Moto2) class race was cancelled because of heavy rains, while earlier in the days the races in the 125cc (now 250cc Moto3) and MotoGP classes were curtailed because of weather.

text: The 2009 Petit Le Mans in Braselton, Georgia, was an example of a rainout under the FIA Code, where only three completed laps are needed for an official race and less than half the race (184 of 394 laps). The red flag waved after 184 laps at the 4:52 point of the race. In endurance racing, the clock does not stop for red flags. IMSA waited until 8 PM to declare the race official. While the race was 13 laps from official (500 miles), the clock had passed the five-hour mark when the race was called at 8 PM.[7]

text: At the Formula One's 2009 Malaysian Grand Prix, a rainstorm was predicted to hit the half of the race, of 56 laps, however, at the start of the race the weather was sunny with large black clouds in the distance. By lap 19 it began to rain as some drivers entered pit road for wet tyres as the rain was falling hard. By lap 28, the rain was torrential to the point officials called a caution, deploying the Safety Car, but still several cars were out due to spins or crash. The rain became worse and the race was red-flagged on lap 33. Once the rain had ceased, it was deemed too late and dark to continue and the race was stopped. Some drivers and spectators protested the race organizer's decision but no action was taken. The 2009 season was the first year that the FIA started the Asia and Australia races as late-afternoon starts where the sun would be setting during the race finish in order to maximise European television broadcasts.

text: In the 2011 Canadian Grand Prix of Formula One, rain before the race wet the circuit. 30 minutes into the race, a heavy rainstorm hit the circuit and the race was red-flagged, the rain didn't stop and the event was delayed for more than 2 hours, the race was finished for its 70 laps and was the longest race in Formula One history. To prevent a repeat, FIA rules were changed so that a four-hour race clock starts when the cars start their warm-up lap. The clock will not be stopped for any situation, effectively ending a race four hours after cars roll off—regardless of how far the race has finished.

text: The 2012 Daytona 500 was postponed by rain for the first time in history, as it was postponed 30 hours from 1 PM Sunday to 7 PM Monday.[8]

text: The 2013 6 Hours of Fuji in the FIA World Endurance Championship was effectively cancelled because of rain; officials started the clock and ran laps under caution, hoping for conditions to improve; after 17 laps, all under caution, the race was effectively cancelled, but under FIA rules, was an official race. To prevent a repeat, FIA rules were changed to state the three completed laps rule to make a race official applied only to green flag laps.

text: The 2015 Petit Le Mans was shortened to 7 hours, 51 minutes after being under one weather delay earlier in the race; after a safety car with slightly over two hours remaining, the race was abandoned after 179 laps because of weather conditions related to Hurricane Joaquin and related heavy rains in the Southeastern United States.

text: Cricket[edit]

text: In cricket, when part of a game is rained out causing a reduction in the number of overs batted by one or both teams then the number of runs accredited to either one or both teams may be revised. A common method to recalculate the number of runs accredited to either team is the Duckworth–Lewis method.

text: Consequences in live broadcasting[edit]

text: In event of a rain delay, most television broadcasters run alternate programming (also known as "rain delay filler"), in place of the scheduled game or event. Depending on event, the alternate programming takes many forms, such as a movie, a rerun of a television program, interviews and analysis, highlights of the last event, or even another game or for networks such as ESPN and Fox Sports 1, "whiparound" coverage of other games from other regional sports networks (Fox Sports 1 also maintains a regularly scheduled program, MLB Whiparound). The delay continues until the weather is cleared up enough to resume the game, or if it comes to a point where it is not practical to resume it; in this case, it would become a "rain out".

text: In some cases, if the rain delay is in danger of interfering with the network's schedule that would follow after the game, they would often transfer coverage of the game to another station or channel, or show it later on via tape delay, depending on the organizational policy. For instance, with Sunday afternoon NASCAR events, a race on a broadcast network such as Fox or NBC would be moved to an alternate cable network such as Fox Sports 1 or NBCSN if the delay runs several hours, to allow those networks to present their primetime entertainment schedules, or later in NASCAR's season with NBC, allows contingency as NBC Sunday Night Football takes full contractual precedence over NASCAR events.

text: The Million Second Quiz was an example of a live broadcast of a game show that was filmed outdoors (it was filmed in an hourglass-shaped outdoor structure on top of a building with a flat roof). There was also an alternate indoor set where the non-primetime broadcasts took place. However, if inclement weather activity happened in the area where the show was filmed during primetime, the game show temporarily moved to its alternate set located inside the building. During the event, the clock did not stop for weather-related delays or other circumstances. The show was broadcast on NBC for only one season, after which it was canceled.

text: The 2011 NHL Winter Classic, which was scheduled to take place at 1 PM EST New Year's Day, ended up being delayed to 8 PM EST due to unusually warm weather in the Pittsburgh area, with rain impacting the game. Because the game was then moved to prime time, the game ended up having the unintended result of bringing in higher ratings for NBC in the United States, giving the NHL the highest ratings for a regular-season game since 1975.[9] Despite this, subsequent Winter Classics remain played in the early afternoon hours, as the match is purposefully scheduled at that time to avoid the College Football Playoff bowl games, mainly the Rose Bowl Game and Sugar Bowl most years.


document_title: List of Army Wives characters

question_text: who dies in season 7 of army wives

question_tokens: who dies in season 7 of army wives

text: List of Army Wives characters

text: Main characters[edit]

text: Denise Sherwood[edit]

text: Denise Sherwood (portrayed by Catherine Bell) is the wife of Colonel Frank Sherwood. She was in nursing school but dropped out to marry Frank. They have been married for some twenty years and had a son Jeremy who was seventeen when the show premiered. In the Season 4 finale she gives birth to a daughter Molly. Her marriage with Frank very nearly ended in divorce – they had already signed the papers – when she was fired for having an affair with a patient but they reconciled and dropped divorce proceedings before it was finalized. She works as a nurse practitioner at Mercer Army Medical Center, the on-post hospital serving Fort Marshall.

text: Claudia Joy Holden[edit]

text: Claudia Joy Holden (portrayed by Kim Delaney) was the wife of Lieutenant-General Michael Holden. She and Denise were best friends and have known each other since their children were in elementary school; their husbands served together for many years and were both stationed at Fort Carson when the families first met. She was a law student at Harvard University when she first met Michael, who was a cadet at West Point, but did not finish her studies. They had two daughters: Amanda Joy and Emmalin Jane. In Season 7 it is revealed that she died of heart failure after a long battle with various health problems. Her death was especially hard on Michael and Denise.

text: Roxanne "Roxy" LeBlanc[edit]

text: Roxanne "Roxy" LeBlanc (née Brooks) (portrayed by Sally Pressman) is the wife of 2LT Trevor LeBlanc. They married in the show's pilot after a whirlwind romance. She comes from a less privileged background and is extremely independent, having had to contend with an alcoholic mother and an unstable home life for much of her childhood and teen years. After a failed shotgun marriage and another failed relationship, which each yielded a son, Finn and TJ, she meets then-PFC Trevor LeBlanc at a bar and accepts his marriage proposal. After some difficulty adjusting to her new role as an Army wife, she meets "The Tribe" — the circle of Army wives (and husband) which include Denise, Claudia Joy, Pamela and Roland — and becomes close to them. She becomes a FRG leader during Season 6 and helps new Army wives adjust to Fort Marshall. When Gloria Cruz moves to Fort Marshall with her husband in Season 6 Roxy helps her out and they become good friends. After enduring a miscarriage she gives birth to twin sons in Season 6.

text: Towards the end of Season 6 Roxy and the boys move to Tacoma, Washington when Trevor received his PCS orders to Fort Lewis in Washington.

text: Roxy is the owner of The Hump Bar, a local bar off post popular with service personnel and her circle of Army wives based at Fort Marshall. She "inherited" it from Betty in Season 2 when Betty leaves for California after being diagnosed with breast cancer. Gloria is now the manager since the LeBlancs have moved to Washington but Roxy continues to own it.

text: Sally Pressman made a special appearance in the first two episodes of Season 7. Roxy was on her way to Tacoma, Washington with Trevor and the boys and made a detour to Fort Marshall to attend Claudia Joy's funeral upon hearing the news.

text: Pamela Moran[edit]

text: Pamela Moran (portrayed by Brigid Brannagh) is the wife of Master Sergeant Chase Moran. She was a Boston PD cop before leaving it to marry Chase. The couple have a son Lucas and daughter Katherine Eileen "Katie". She is frequently seen alone with her children due to Chase's army commitments. She has difficulty dealing with Chase's commitments to Delta Force and the secrecy of his deployments.

text: When Roxy first moves to Fort Marshall she befriends her and the two become best friends, as do their children. They frequently babysit each other's children.

text: Chase leaves the Army in order to spend more time with his family and finds a well-paid management position in California. Pamela and the children stay in Charleston so the children can finish off the school year. In the beginning of Season 6 her apartment is so severely damaged by the hurricane that it had to be condemned and their possessions are too damaged and ruined. Pamela decides to join Chase earlier as she and the kids miss him. They move to California at the beginning of Season 6.

text: Since leaving the show Brigid Brannagh has made several special appearances. In the Season 6 episode "Hello, Stranger", Pamela and Chase invite Roxy and Trevor to meet them for the weekend in Miami as Chase was there for a convention. She returns again, in the first episode of Season 7, to attend Claudia Joy's funeral.

text: Dr. Roland Burton[edit]

text: Dr. Roland Burton (portrayed by Sterling K. Brown) is the husband of Colonel Joan Burton. He was a psychiatrist at the base medical center in Season 1. In later seasons he began working with veterans suffering from PTSD and depression at a private clinic off post. He found his calling working with adolescents and briefly taught at the high school on post and counseled Army children at the base youth center.

text: During the first season his marriage hit a rough time, especially during the first season, as Roland dealt with loneliness and Joan suffered from PTSD after returning from a controversial mission. When Roland has an affair, they separate and are seemingly headed for a divorce. They reconcile when Joan becomes pregnant. They have a daughter Sara Elizabeth and an adopted son David.

text: Roland is the only man in "The Tribe". Due to his training he is often consulted by the wives on various issues and has helped them and their families deal with problems such as PTSD, grief and drug addiction.

text: Gloria Cruz[edit]

text: Gloria Cruz (portrayed by Alyssa Diaz) is the wife of Corporal Hector Cruz. She is from The Bronx, New York City and married Hector after meeting online. Initially she struggles to adapt to life at Fort Marshall and rejects help from Roxy LeBlanc. They eventually become best friends when she realizes that Roxy was genuinely trying to help. She replaced Pamela as Roxy's best friend. She often turns to Roxy and Jackie Clarke for advice. When Roxy moves to Tacoma, Washington with her husband, Gloria becomes the manager of the Hump Bar.

text: Gloria married Hector after meeting online and a two-day courtship. She had difficulty adjusting to Fort Marshall as she has never lived outside of New York City. Also, both she and Hector were relatively young compared to Roxy and Trevor, who had also married less than a week after meeting. Their marital problems begin to affect his performance during training and they were sent for mandatory counseling. They begin divorce proceedings towards the end of Season 6 after Hector had an affair with and impregnates a girl named Penny. She goes back to New York as she missed her family but returns to Fort Marshall before Roxy moves to Tacoma with Trevor. In Season 7 she begins dating 2LT Patrick Clarke, only to find out that he is Jackie's son and decides to stop the relationship as Jackie was her friend and his father Major General Clarke was Hector's superior officer.

text: Jackie Clarke[edit]

text: Jackie Clarke (portrayed by Kelli Williams) is the wife of Major General Kevin Clarke, commander of the 32nd Airborne Division. They were initially based at Fort Hope but due to massive damage from Hurricane Nina and minimal damage to Fort Marshall, her husband's division is relocated to Fort Marshall in the first few episodes of Season 6. Initially she and Claudia Joy Holden had a tense and awkward relationship as their husbands were competing for a third star, even though Michael and Kevin are on friendly terms and generally oblivious to their wives' rivalry; they later discover that Kevin was passed up for a third star due to political manipulation by Audrey Whitaker, wife of Michael's former CO Major General Bryce Whitaker. Claudia Joy then realizes that Audrey had used the opportunity to get back at the Clarkes for an old grudge and distances herself from the Whitakers.

text: The daughter of a retired Major General, Jackie comes from a well-connected upper-class New England family and her family is said to have been personal friends of the family of former First Lady Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis (the Bouviers). Following family tradition, she attended the prestigious Phillips Exeter Academy. She graduated from Georgetown University magna cum laude and speaks several languages.[1]

text: Jackie and Kevin have been married for over twenty years. The years of constant moving and long deployments and her husband's workaholic nature took a toll on her and she became addicted to pills. Their teenage daughter Sophie, who is a boarder at Phillips Exeter, is first introduced in the Season 6 episode "Hello, Stranger" and it becomes apparent that mother and daughter are estranged. Their son Patrick graduated from West Point in Season 7. She gradually becomes part of "the tribe" and they rally around her to help her kick the habit when she started taking pills again due to stress. She and Denise, as the older and more "experienced" Army wives, often help out the other wives, especially the younger and newly married ones.

text: Holly Truman[edit]

text: Holly Truman (portrayed by Elle McLemore) is the wife of Private Tim Truman. She is one of younger ones of the Army wives, having married Tim at age eighteen. She is introduced in the second episode of Season 7 when she comes to The Hump Bar in hopes of selling her apple pies. Roxy, who was in town for Claudia Joy's funeral, visits her and realizes that Holly is having difficulty as this was her first deployment as an Army wife and had baked incessantly to cope. Holly eventually befriends the other wives.

text: Latasha Montclair[edit]

text: Latasha Montclair (portrayed by Ashanti) is the wife of Corporal Quincy Montclair. They live in Roxy and Trevor's old house with their children and a dog.

text: Lieutenant General Michael Holden[edit]

text: Lieutenant General Michael James Holden (portrayed by Brian McNamara) is the commander of the (fictional) XVII Airborne Corps, the formation to which the 32nd Airborne Division and the former 23rd Airborne Division belong to. He is first introduced as a Colonel and a senior officer in the 23rd Airborne Division headquarters. Later in Season 1 he became the acting garrison commander of Fort Marshall, taking over Brigadier General Baker after the latter suffered a brain aneurysm. Baker was forced to retire on medical grounds and Michael was promoted and his position made permanent. In Season 3, after a brief stint at NATO, he became commander of the 23rd Airborne Division and received his second star by the conclusion of the season. He became corps commander in Season 6 in conjunction with his promotion to Lieutenant General.

text: Michael was happily married to the late Claudia Joy Holden, whom he first met as fresh graduate from West Point. They had two daughters, Amanda Joy and Emmalin Jane.

text: Colonel Frank Sherwood[edit]

text: Colonel Frank Sherwood (portrayed by Terry Serpico) is commander of the 1st Brigade, 32nd Airborne Division and husband of Denise Sherwood. He was an enlisted man and worked his way up the ranks before attending OCS and gaining a commission. He was a Major and a company commander when the show first premiered. In Season 3 he was promoted to Lieutenant Colonel and made then-Brigadier General Holden's G-3 at Division headquarters.[2] When Fort Marshall was announced to be closed and the 23rd Division disbanded, Michael recommended him for the position of commander of the 173rd Airborne Brigade in Italy but instead he was scheduled to be "PCS-ed" to Fort Hope in North Carolina and made a brigade commander in the 32nd Airborne Division based there. Due to the hurricane and structural damage to Fort Hope, the 32nd instead moves south to Fort Marshall and he and Denise remain at Fort Marshall. Besides his responsibilities as brigade commander he also serves in the Office of the Joint Chiefs of Staff at The Pentagon and frequently travels to Washington DC.[3]

text: His and Lieutenant General Michael Holden's wives and children are best friends. Their paths crossed several times, both of them having been stationed at Fort Carson and Fort Bliss around the same time before reuniting again at Fort Marshall.

text: He and Denise had a son Jeremy, who was killed in action during a mission in Afghanistan. Their daughter Molly was born while Frank and Jeremy were in Afghanistan, just weeks before Jeremy's death. He missed both his children's birth; he was deployed when Jeremy was born and in Afghanistan during Molly's birth, although he was able to witness it via webcam.

text: Frank and Denise married young, having met while he was stationed at Fort Bliss and she a nursing student at the nearby hospital. In Season 2 their marriage nearly fell apart when she had an extramarital affair with a patient and lost her job at the hospital on post. They agreed to separate but chose not to tell Jeremy as he was about to deploy and they hoped to spare him the pain but unfortunately Jeremy eventually found out himself. Towards the end of the season the couple reconcile and drop divorce proceedings.

text: Actor Terry Serpico is the son of a retired career Army officer and stated that the character was partly based on his father.[4]

text: Awards and decorations[edit]

text: The following are the medals and service awards fictionally worn by Colonel Sherwood.

text:
Personal decorations

Legion of Merit

Bronze Star Medal

Defense Meritorious Service Medal

Meritorious Service Medal

Army Commendation Medal with one silver oak leaf cluster

Army Achievement Medal with one silver oak leaf cluster

Unit awards

Valorous Unit Award with one bronze oak leaf cluster

Superior Unit Award

Campaign and service medals

National Defense Service Medal with bronze service star

Southwest Asia Service Medal with two bronze service stars

Iraq Campaign Medal with bronze service star

Global War on Terrorism Service Medal

Humanitarian Service Medal

Outstanding Volunteer Service Medal

Service and training awards

Army Service Ribbon

Overseas Service Ribbon

Foreign awards

NATO Medal

Kuwait Liberation Medal (Saudi Arabia)

Kuwait Liberation Medal (Kuwait)

Other accoutrements

Combat Infantryman Badge

Master Parachutist Badge

Air Assault Badge

Pathfinder Badge

32nd Airborne Division Combat Service Identification Badge

Ranger tab

Office of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Identification Badge

text: Colonel Joan Burton[edit]

text: Colonel Joan Burton (portrayed by Wendy Davis) is the wife of Dr. Roland Burton. She comes from the tough neighborhoods of Chicago and her underprivileged background motivated her to carve out a career on her own. In Season 1 she has just returned from a deployment and her PTSD causes a breakdown between her and Roland. They nearly file for divorce but drop it once she announces that she is pregnant.

text: At the start of the show she was a Lieutenant Colonel and becomes XO to then-Colonel Michael Holden later in the first season. She is then promoted to Colonel and later becomes garrison commander of Fort Marshall. Previously she was a G-2 (intelligence).[5] She retires from the Army in Season7.

text: Joan and Roland have a daughter Sara Elizabeth, whose godparents are Michael and Claudia Joy Holden, and a son David. They adopted David in Season 5 and his adoption was finalized in the Season 6 premiere "Winds of War".

text: Colonel Katherine "Kat" Young[edit]

text: Colonel Katherine "Kat" Young (portrayed by Brooke Shields) is an officer in the US Air Force stationed at the nearby Air Force Base which merged with Fort Marshall to form a joint base. She is introduced in the episode "Brace for Impact". Her daughter is a student at The Citadel and is expected to follow her mother into the "family business" (the Air Force).

text: Corporal Hector Cruz[edit]

text: Corporal Hector Cruz (portrayed by Joseph Julian Soria) is a soldier in the 32nd Airborne Division and husband of Gloria Cruz. The character first appeared in the episode "Viral".

text: Hector is introduced as a young and inexperienced Private First Class in 2LT Trevor LeBlanc's platoon. He had been married to New York City girl Gloria for about three weeks when he first arrives at Fort Marshall. They met online on a dating site and corresponded for about a month. He proposed two days after meeting her face-to-face. She moves down to Fort Marshall to join him.

text: Gloria struggled to adapt to life as an Army wife and at Fort Marshall and it concerned Hector. Trevor learns about it and asks Roxy, who is now the Company's FRG leader, to visit her. As Hector lived in the barracks before getting married, he was naive about paying bills and expenses and Trevor, as his platoon leader, was forced to step in and intervene. Roxy offers Gloria a job at The Hump Bar to help with finances. Hector demands she quit after he punched a soldier for behaving inappropriately around her but she refuses as Roxy was pregnant and had to cut down on her workload. The disagreement put a strain on their marriage and he moved out of their apartment to a friend's place to avoid her. It began affecting his performance during training, earning him severe reprimands from both Trevor[6] and their platoon sergeant SFC Leon Wisniewski and the threat of an Article 15.[7] He and Gloria file for divorce and Gloria returns to New York. In Season 7 they begin to reconcile.

text: Second Lieutenant Trevor LeBlanc[edit]

text: Second Lieutenant Trevor LeBlanc (portrayed by Drew Fuller) is a former platoon leader in Bravo Company, 1st Brigade. When the show premiered he was a Private First Class and is promoted through the ranks to Sergeant before attending OCS. At the start of Season 6 he is a Second Lieutenant and platoon leader. He served under COL Frank Sherwood when the latter was a company and later brigade commander and as an assistant to then-LTC Joan Burton for some time and is highly regarded by both of them.[8] Frank later recommended him to OCS and Trevor, coincidentally, was once Jeremy's squad leader. During the latter part of Season 3 and the beginning of Season 4 he was a recruiter before receiving new orders to transfer back to frontline duty as a squad leader in preparation for the upcoming deployment to Afghanistan.

text: During the pilot episode Trevor proposes to Roxy after dating for less than a week. He legally adopts Roxy's sons Finn and TJ and treats them as his own children while the boys similarly took to him. He and Roxy later have twin boys. In Season 6 the family move to Tacoma, Washington when he is reassigned to the 2nd Ranger Battalion based at Fort Lewis.

text: Master Sergeant Chase Moran[edit]

text: Master Sergeant Chase Roderick Moran (portrayed by Jeremy Davidson) is the husband of Pamela Moran. When the show first started he was a Staff Sergeant in one of the resident airborne units at Fort Marshall and was selected for the 1st Special Forces Operational Detachment-Delta (better known as Delta Force) in the pilot episode. Coincidentally he was part of sniper team that rescued Dr. Roland Burton and Claudia Joy Holden from a deranged armed soldier suffering from PTSD in the Season 1 episode "One of Our Own" and also rescued then-Major General Michael Holden and several hostages from the Taliban in Afghanistan at the end of Season 4. In Season 3 he returns home early from a deployment and has difficulty readjusting to life at home. The unpredictability and secrecy of his deployments took a toll on the marriage. Although he dotes on Lucas and Katie and still loves Pamela, he began to grow emotionally distant from them due to his frequent absence. He and Pamela divorce during the time frame between Season 4 and 5. After returning from Afghanistan he sends in his application to be discharged. Both eventually realize that they still love each other deep down and reconcile and remarry in the episode "Strategic Alliances", much to their children's delight. After being discharged during the time frame between the conclusion of Season 5 and the beginning of Season 6 he takes up a management position in San Jose, California. Pamela and the children were to join him after finishing the school year but Pamela's apartment was condemned and possessions ruined by the hurricane, prompting them to move to California sooner than anticipated.

text: Specialist Tanya Gabriel[edit]

text: Specialist Tanya Gabriel (portrayed by Erin Krakow) is a nurse at the base hospital and Jeremy Sherwood's fiancée. She had initially planned to go to medical school on an Army bursary and be commissioned as a medical officer. In the Season 4 episode "AWOL" she and Jeremy meet at the field hospital in Afghanistan when he brought in a buddy who dislocated a shoulder playing football during downtime. Jeremy proposes to her there with a makeshift ring made out of parachute cord. Tanya is "adopted" into "the tribe" who plan her bridal shower and help her through Jeremy's death. Frank and Denise Sherwood treated her like a surrogate daughter even after Jeremy's death. Devastated by Jeremy's death Tanya finally moves on with help and support from Denise. She starts a romance with (Major) Dr. Blake Hanson (portrayed by Jason Pendergraft) but they stop seeing each other for a while due to strict rules forbidding fraternization between officers and enlisted personnel. Dr. Hanson moved to Fort Lee in Virginia for the sake of their careers while Tanya remained at Fort Marshall as she had a few months left on her enlistment contract. In the episode "Hello, Stranger" she announces to the wives that her contract will be up in a week and she will be joining Dr. Hanson in Virginia once discharged.

text: Specialist Jeremy Sherwood[edit]

text: Specialist Jeremy Sherwood (portrayed by Richard Bryant) was the son of Frank and Denise Sherwood. When the show first started he was seventeen and about to graduate from high school.[9] He had difficulty dealing with his father's deployments and would take it out on his mother by physically hitting her. Frank had hoped he would take up the offer at West Point but Jeremy refused and it created tension between father and son. When Frank learned that Jeremy had been hitting Denise while he was away and even after Michael warned him, he angrily confronts Jeremy and throws him out of the house. At the end of Season 1 Jeremy decided not to go home and instead enlists out of guilt. Frank later makes the trip to Fort Benning to personally talk to him and they reconcile.

text: After completing his basic training, Jeremy is assigned to the 23rd Airborne Division. In the Season 2 episode "Safe Havens" he was deployed to Iraq. He befriends a dog who had saved him and his best friend PFC Mark Rison from an IED and calls him Lucky. With the help of a friend Lucky is smuggled back to Fort Marshall, much to LTC Joan Burton's bemusement, who has him sent to the pound; Lucky is later adopted by the LeBlancs. While in Iraq he nearly lost a buddy to a roadside bomb and witnessed PFC Rison's fatal shooting. He returned home suffering from posttraumatic stress disorder and survivor guilt, as he had switched places with PFC Rison just minutes before the shooting. After he took his father's gun and went on a rampage at home, he was admitted to the psychiatric ward at Mercer. Family friend Dr. Roland Burton took his case as a favor and helped him through his depression. Jeremy was cleared for duty and re-enlisted upon his promotion to Specialist.

text: In Season 4 he was redeployed, this time to Afghanistan, as a member of then-SGT Trevor LeBlanc's platoon.[10] He met SPC Tanya Gabriel, a nurse/medic, at the aid station when he brought in SPC Giron who had dislocated a shoulder playing football during down time. Several weeks later he proposed to her after learning she would be returning to Fort Marshall earlier than expected and intended to marry her when he got back. He was killed in action, aged 22, by a RPG during a gunfight outside Kandahar just weeks before the 23rd was due to return home. His father had been within the vicinity with headquarters company at that time and escorted his body home to Fort Marshall. Denise later meets his best friends PFC Riggs and SPC Giron, who hand her several photos of Jeremy they had taken in Afghanistan and personally thank her for sending Jeremy extra care packages to share with them.

text: Amanda Holden[edit]

text: Amanda Joy Holden (portrayed by Kim Allen) was the older daughter of Michael and Claudia Joy Holden. The elder of two girls, she was born when her father was deployed in Kuwait during the Gulf War, suggesting that her birth date is between August and December 1990. She and her sister Emmalin are best friends with Jeremy Sherwood as their families have known each other for many years. She and Jeremy began a romantic relationship but it was frowned upon by their parents. In the Season 1 finale she was killed from The Hump Bar explosion. At the time of her death, she was due to begin college at the University of Virginia, majoring in political science

text: Emmalin Holden[edit]

text: Emmalin Jane Holden (portrayed by Caroline Pires in S1 and Katelyn Pippy from S2 onwards) is the younger daughter of Michael and Claudia Joy Holden and younger sister of Amanda. Her father was stationed at Fort Lewis at the time of her birth. She is affectionately known as "Emma" or "Kiddo" to her parents and within their circle of friends. In later seasons she often helped babysit the younger children.

text: When her sister Amanda died in season 1, Emmalin struggled to deal with her grief but hid it away from her parents. It came to a head at the end of Season 2 when she attempted to elope with PFC Logan Atwater (Paul Wesley), a young soldier in her father's division, in defiance of her father's move to Brussels, Belgium when he was assigned to NATO headquarters. She had a rebellious streak and a strained relationship with her father since then. After getting informal counseling from family friend Dr. Roland Burton she eventually works through her grief and anger. Father and daughter eventually repair their relationship in Season 3. In Season 5 she graduates from high school and leaves home for college.

text: After Claudia Joy's death, Emmalin considers dropping out of college for a year but Michael convinced her to stay in college because that's what Claudia Joy would have wanted.

text: TJ and Finn LeBlanc[edit]

text: Tobias Jack "TJ" LeBlanc (portrayed by Luke Bartelme in S1-4 and Connor Christie in S5-6) is the older son of Roxy LeBlanc. His biological father Jesse was Roxy's high school sweetheart. At age seventeen they married after she learned she was pregnant with TJ and both dropped out of high school to work. She left Jesse when he became an abusive alcoholic and "punched [her] in the gut" when she was six months pregnant. TJ was aged six when the show premiered. According to Roxy, TJ never met his biological father and vice versa. Jesse refused to sign the adoption papers and came to The Hump Bar to see Roxy, futilely pleading with her for a second chance. Trevor later personally confronts him and pays him off for his signature; Jesse has not been seen since.

text: Finn LeBlanc (portrayed by John White, Jr.) is Roxy's younger son. His biological father Whit was a childhood friend of Roxy's from Tuscaloosa but she also left him as she felt he was not "marriage material". A teacher discovered that Finn was not concentrating in school. He was subsequently tested and found to be an "exceptionally gifted" child. He attends private school to tailor to his needs. Compared to TJ, he is the more quiet and cerebral one of the brothers.

text: Trevor legally adopted both boys and they took his last name. When Roxy asked why, he stated that he himself was adopted and wanted them to know what it felt like to have a real father and a family who wanted them. They took to Trevor and started calling him "Dad" not long after he and Roxy marry. He is often seen playing with them during weekends or on off-days. During Trevor's second deployment they had more difficulty adjusting to his absence. TJ, in particular, looks up to him and is often jealous of anything or anyone which gets in the way. While Trevor was in Afghanistan, TJ was entering a preteen rebellious phase and the lack of a father figure was beginning to take a toll on Roxy, who once complained that TJ prefers listening to Trevor over her.

text: The boys quickly adapted to life at Fort Marshall and are involved in various activities with other children. They are best friends with Lucas and Katie Moran (Pamela and Chase's children) and David Burton (Roland and Joan's adopted son).

text: Lucas and Katie Moran[edit]

text: Lucas (portrayed by Jake Johnson) and Katherine Eileen "Katie" (portrayed by Chloe J. Taylor) are the children of Chase and Pamela Moran. The children are close to their father and his frequent and often abrupt deployments frustrated them. They are best friends with the LeBlanc boys and often slept over at each other's houses.

text: Recurring Characters[edit]

text: Officer Clayton Boone[edit]

text: Officer Clayton Boone (portrayed by Lee Tergesen) is a colleague of Pamela Moran at the fictional Columbia County Metro Police. He was assigned as her Field Training Officer during her six-month probationary term and was also her evaluator. When they first started traffic patrol together, she was put off by his aloof and taciturn exterior but they become on friendly terms after some time. He was initially attracted to her but she rejected him when she realized that she was still in love with Chase despite being divorced.

text: David Burton[edit]

text: David Burton (portrayed by McCarrie McCausland) is the adopted son of Roland and Joan Burton. He is aged 10–11 when he is adopted by the Burtons in Season 5 and they bring home in the episode "Drop Zone".

text: David was in childcare for some time as his biological father Marcus Williams was in and out of prison for various petty crimes and offenses. He is also HIV positive; his biological mother was a drug addict who passed the virus to him in utero. Due to the lack of a mother figure during much of his childhood, he had more difficulty warming up to Joan than to Roland or Sara Elizabeth but by the Season 5 finale he begins calling her "Mom".

text: During his first week at Fort Marshall he is introduced to the LeBlanc boys and Katie and Lucas Moran and befriends them. While he was almost immediately accepted by them and "the tribe", he had problems adjusting to his new school. His introverted personality led to him being targeted by playground bullies at school and although TJ LeBlanc came to his defense, he was reluctant to tell anyone and tried to run away from home.[11] He is ostracized by his classmates when it emerged that he was HIV positive. Charlie, the coordinator of the youth center David goes to, arranged a meeting with the other parents to explain his condition.

text: Betty Camden[edit]

text: Betty Camden (portrayed by Patricia French) was the former owner of The Hump Bar.

text: The Hump Bar was originally built by Dale D'Angelo and called Dale's Roadhouse during the 1940s. The main room frequently hosted USO concerts for troops stationed at Fort Marshall during World War II. During an era when the US Armed Forces still practiced segregation, it was the only bar in Charleston which did not adhere to segregation laws as Dale was a staunch believer in racial equality.[12] He was stabbed to death defending a friend from a hooligan. Dale's widow Hazel sold the bar to a young couple, revealed to be Betty's parents. They renamed it "The Hump Bar" after The Hump, a landmark in Himalayas Allied pilots frequently flew over en route to China; Betty's father's cousin served as a pilot during the War. The bar remains popular with service personnel and their spouses.

text: Betty hired Roxy in Season 1 as the bar needed extra manpower. She becomes a motherly figure to Roxy, especially during Season 2 when Trevor was deployed. Roxy discovers that Betty has stage 1 breast cancer in the episode "Rules of Engagement". Before leaving for California she hands the deed to Roxy and makes her the next owner. In the Season 2 episode "Departures, Arrivals" Roxy receives a phone call informing her that Betty had died. She was often jokingly known as "Cranky Betty" to the other wives due to her self-deprecating and dry sense of humor.

text: Chief[edit]

text: Chief (portrayed by Tim Parati) is head chef at The Hump Bar. He was brought in by Viola Crawford as part of her "shake up" of The Hump Bar and his trademark gumbo is especially popular with customers. His tall and gangling physique and trademark ponytail make him instantly recognizable to employees and customers. When Roxy was about to sell the bar, he threatened to quit as he felt the potential buyer was a "scumbag" for using frozen rather than fresh food.[13]

text: Major General Kevin Clarke[edit]

text: Major General Kevin Clarke (portrayed by Robert John Burke) is commander of 32nd Airborne Division and husband of Jackie Clarke. The 32nd was previously based at the fictional Fort Hope in North Carolina but a hurricane damaged much of the infrastructure and the division moved south to Fort Marshall, which suffered less damage. Known for his ruthless efficiency, his presence was met initially met with mixed reaction, particularly from COL Joan Burton. He was in contention with MG Michael Holden for a third star but political manipulation by Audrey Whitaker and the media attention on the Narubu incident damaged his chances and he lost out. Later in Season 6 he was seriously injured in a Humvee accident while deployed in Afghanistan. He returned to active duty after recovering.

text: Frank Sherwood previously served as his executive officer (XO) while both were stationed at Fort Lewis and their wives are good friends.[14]

text: He and Jackie have two children: son Patrick, a recent West Point graduate, and daughter Sophie, who is a boarder at the prestigious Phillips Exeter Academy. The couple have been married for over twenty years. His workaholic nature took a toll on their marriage and, while he loves Jackie, they have had a love-hate relationship.

text: Lieutenant Colonel Evan Connor[edit]

text: Lieutenant Colonel Evan Connor (portrayed by Matthew Glave) is an officer at garrison headquarters. He was introduced in Season 2 as then-LTC Joan Burton's maternity cover when she was deputy garrison commander. He transferred from Fort Bragg, having spent his career as a "pencil pusher" who has never seen combat. Much to Joan's ire, he often went behind her back and made decisions without consulting her while excusing himself with the fact that he was of equal rank with her and is therefore not obliged to follow her orders.[15] Additionally he used Trevor LeBlanc several times to get back at Joan, knowing that Trevor, as a subordinate, was forced to obey his orders. In the Season 3 episode "Post and Prejudice" his lack of combat experience was exposed during the annual war games as his side lost heavily to Joan's despite his reliance on a "spy" to leak information. At division commander MG Michael Holden's request he was transferred to a desk job at The Pentagon.

text: Jennifer Connor[edit]

text: Jennifer Connor (portrayed by Mayte Garcia) is the wife of LTC Evan Connor. She is manipulative and has her own agenda, frequently doing things behind Claudia Joy Holden's back during FRG activities and doing things to sabotage Claudia Joy's credibility. In Season 2 she makes use of Claudia Joy's daughter Emmalin's infatuation with a soldier in hopes of driving a wedge between mother and daughter for her own gain.

text: Captain Nicole Galassini[edit]

text: Captain Nicole Galassini (portrayed by Kellie Martin) is an Army intelligence officer with the 32nd Airborne Division. She was assigned to COL Frank Sherwood's brigade as an intelligence analyst for the Africa mission and rescued 2LT Trevor LeBlanc's platoon from a potentially catastrophic hostage situation through negotiation. When the convoy was returning to base, her Humvee was ambushed and she was injured by a stray bullet. She was awarded the Bronze Star (with a "V" device) for her bravery.

text: Nicole is the lesbian partner of Charlie Mayfield but was reluctant to be forthcoming with the relationship due to the "don't ask, don't tell" policy. The Burtons and Sherwoods invite them over for dinner in an effort to make them feel more comfortable and accepted. Nicole eventually proposes to Charlie and agrees to stop hiding their relationship. It is revealed that Nicole's mother had difficulty accepting that her daughter was lesbian, hence Nicole's initial reluctance to make the relationship legal. She comes to Charleston for a visit and to attend Nicole's medal presentation ceremony but was unable to accept Charlie as her future "daughter-in-law". After much persuasion from Nicole, Mrs. Galassini agrees to attend the ceremony and she is seen at Nicole's Bronze Star presentation ceremony. In Season 6, Nicole and Charlie decide to adopt a child, after Charlie's failed attempts to become pregnant.

text: Lenore Baker Ludwig[edit]

text: Lenore "Lenny" Baker (later Ludwig) (portrayed by Rhoda Griffis) is the wife of General Ludwig. She was previously married to Brigadier General Theodore Baker, former garrison commander of Fort Marshall. She is an enigmatic figure to the other Army wives, especially Claudia Joy Holden, whose husband replaced BG Baker as garrison commander.

text: "The tribe" generally dislike Lenore's company due to her competitiveness and tactlessness and meddling in the other wives' affairs. For example, at a dinner party for senior officers the night after Jeremy attempted suicide, she intentionally brought up the subject, much to Frank and Denise's embarrassment. She often looks down on enlisted men's wives, mainly Roxy and Pamela, and would treat them in condescending manner in front of Claudia Joy, who was known for breaking tradition and befriending wives regardless of their husbands' ranks or status. However, Lenore has confessed to Claudia Joy that she envies the fact that she is eloquent, educated and has a circle of close friends and a family man for a husband.

text: In Season 1 Lenore continuously spread rumors about the Holdens in hopes that her husband would be considered over Michael for a promotion. She used Marilyn Polarski to spread rumors about how Claudia Joy "killed someone" and got "kicked out of Harvard" (Claudia Joy had fallen asleep behind the wheel and knocked over a pedestrian but voluntarily withdrew from Harvard) and that Amanda was born out of wedlock and not Michael's legitimate child. Her husband suffered a brain aneurysm and she rejected Claudia Joy's sympathy, knowing that her husband would likely be forced to retire.[16] When Lieutenant General Grayson was coincidentally visiting Fort Marshall to assess whether Michael should be permanently made garrison commander, Lenore attempted to win over his wife Victoria. Mrs Grayson used her own tactics against her by "accidentally" leaving a file of a highly classified project dating back to the Kosovo War, knowing that Lenore would look at it to gain the advantage. Lenore is arrested by MPs when she makes a reference to the project to LTG Grayson. In the episode "Rules of Engagement" Michael tells Claudia Joy that the Army CID decided dropped the case to avoid a public scandal and allow Baker to retire gracefully.

text: In the Season 3 finale, Lenore returned to Fort Marshall, having divorced BG Baker and remarried General Ludwig. She tells Claudia Joy and the other wives that she would be around for a month. It is revealed in the Season 4 opener that she had been nominated for the Muriel Spenser Award for the best military spouse, as was Claudia Joy, and was in town as Fort Marshall was hosting the ceremony. There are multiple events prior to the vote as the foundation members evaluate the candidates. Lenore takes every opportunity to undermine Claudia Joy. There is one final dinner before the vote where each nominee makes a 10-minute presentation. During the event, Lenore bad-mouths Claudia Joy, not knowing that her wireless microphone was still turned on. Pamela, who was working with the sound system, "accidentally" raised the volume loud enough for the public to hear. Claudia Joy was named the winner as a result.

text: Charlie Mayfield[edit]

text: Charlotte "Charlie" Mayfield (portrayed by Ryan Michelle Bathe) is the lesbian partner of CPT Nicole Galassini. She runs the Youth Activities Center at Fort Marshall and befriends David Burton. When David was ostracized after his condition (HIV) was leaked out, she assisted the Burtons in dealing with the situation.

text: Marilyn Polarski[edit]

text: Marilyn Polarski (portrayed by Kate Kneeland) was the wife of Sergeant George Polarski, an NCO in Trevor's unit. She was well-known amongst the Army wives as the "Gossip Queen". However Roxy found out that Marilyn was having an affair with a civilian man named Eddie. Her husband eventually discovered and Marilyn angrily confronted Roxy, accusing of telling Trevor, who was acquainted with her husband, about the affair, which Roxy denied. Roxy mentioned that she slipped to Pamela and Marilyn confronted Pamela about it, which Pamela also vehemently denied. When Pamela angrily retorted to Marilyn to "do us all a favor and get a divorce", Marilyn confided to her that she was extremely unhappy with her marriage but lacked the courage or resources to get a divorce. Roxy considered telling Trevor but Pamela stopped her, stating that Army wives are bound by an unspoken code to protect one another.[17] Pamela later discovered that she was a victim of spousal abuse and that she was petrified of her husband George. Marilyn tried to run away with Eddie in the Season 1 finale after George physically threatened her and was killed when her deranged husband walked into The Hump Bar with a bomb strapped to himself and detonated it.

text: Sergeant First Class Leon Wisniewski[edit]

text: Sergeant First Class Leon "Ski" Wisniewski (portrayed by Adam Boyer) is 2LT Trevor LeBlanc's former platoon sergeant and right-hand man. He married as an eighteen-year-old "dumb ass Private" and divorced about eight months later.[18] With his dry wit and experience, he helps Trevor, a former NCO himself, adapt to his new status as a commissioned officer. He is now happily married to Gisela, a German woman whom he met while stationed in Kaiserslautern, Germany.[1]

text: Minor Characters[edit]

text: Marda Brooks[edit]

text: Marda Brooks (portrayed by Gigi Rice) is the mother of Roxy LeBlanc. She makes her first appearance in the episode "Who We Are" when she unexpectedly drops by Fort Marshall late at night to visit. It becomes apparent that the relationship between mother and daughter is frosty and somewhat strained. She almost immediately "approved" of Trevor at their first meeting and dotes on Finn and TJ. In Season 2 Trevor tries to mend the relationship between her and Roxy.

text: According to Roxy she once had her own hair saloon back in Tuscaloosa until she went bankrupt and also lost her house. She had Roxy at eighteen and her husband died five years later.[19] Since then she has married twice and it is implied that both marriages ended in divorce. She was an alcoholic, although not abusive towards her daughter. Roxy is likely her only child as there are no references to any other children or siblings. At Trevor's insistence, she started attending AA meetings. In Season 6 it is revealed that she has successfully kicked her drinking habit and returned to working as a hair stylist. She stops by Fort Marshall to visit the family when the ship she works on docked at Charleston.

text: Viola Crawford[edit]

text: Viola Crawford (portrayed by Tonya Pinkins) is a former employee and Roxy's assistant at The Hump Bar. They first met by chance in the episode "About Face" when Roxy stops a thief who had stolen and run off with Viola's purse. She is an astute businesswoman who once ran several successful F&B businesses until her son lost everything to a hedge fund. Having befriended Roxy, she offers some tips to help boost business at The Hump Bar. She suggests Roxy hire a manager but was met with resistance from Roxy, who distrusted anyone who dared threaten her position as sole manager after Collin, a conman claiming to be Betty's "nephew", attempted to scam her into selling him The Hump Bar at a cut-rate price. After seeing that Viola's new improvements were effective, Roxy apologizes and asks her to come back to help. They became good friends ever since. Viola stood in for the in-house band's soloist who had to back out for an emergency and was popular with customers. A club owner happened to be there and tried to talk Viola into joining his business but she repeatedly turned him down as she had grown fond of Roxy. Eventually Roxy found about it and told her to pursue her dreams, using the pretext of financial difficulties resulting from the ban on service personnel to "fire" her at the end of Season 3. Viola reluctantly accepts the club owner's invitation and leaves Charleston.

text: Marisol Evans[edit]

text: Marisol Evans (portrayed by Gina Rodriguez) is the wife of Sergeant Pete Evans. Her husband was recently "PCS-ed" to Fort Marshall from Fort Riley several months ago and she works at the commissary to pass time. She is acquainted with the wives as she made the cake for Sara Elizabeth Burton's birthday and made a last-minute replacement when Roland accidentally dropped it on the floor. Denise, who was working as an EMT, got called to the Evans home and her colleague Choi noted that he has been called to their home before and the reason the husband always gave was "she slipped". Initially Marisol was resistant to Denise's efforts to help, partly due to the fact that Pete's superior back at Fort Riley failed to intervene after she asked for help and the abuse continued. With encouragement from Claudia Joy, Denise and Roxy and through Michael's intervention Pete was arrested and Marisol moved out to begin divorce proceedings.

text: Dr. Blake Hanson[edit]

text: Dr. Blake Hanson (portrayed by Jason Pendergraft) is a doctor at Mercer Army Medical Center, the hospital serving Fort Marshall. He holds the rank of Major and is an ER specialist. He was attracted to SPC Tanya Gabriel and Tanya reciprocated interest but they resisted pursuing a relationship due to strict rules forbidding fraternization between officers and enlisted personnel. They secretly dated for a while before Denise Sherwood, through Roxy, discovers the relationship. He decided to transfer to Fort Lee to avoid endangering their careers. Tanya stayed at Fort Marshall to see out the last few months of her enlistment contract. She joins him in Virginia after being discharged.

text: Corporal Ryan "Mac" McCallen[edit]

text: Corporal Ryan "Mac" McCallen (portrayed by David Call) is a soldier who lost both legs in Iraq. He was transferred to Mercer and befriends Denise, who was his attending nurse.

text: Min-Ji Webster[edit]

text: Min-Ji Webster (portrayed by Hana Moon) is the wife of 1LT Danny Webster, a contemporary of 2LT Trevor LeBlanc and XO of Bravo Company. She met him when he was stationed in South Korea and followed him back to the United States after marrying him against her parents' wishes. She was the FRG group leader for Bravo Company but was ostracized by several of the wives or generally ignored as she was a foreigner and unfamiliar with American culture or social norms. When Roxy took over as the new leader, she tried to encourage Min-Ji to rejoin. It emerged that she and her husband were getting a divorce soon. In the Season 6 episode "Casualties" she commits suicide by carbon monoxide poisoning while her husband was hospitalized in Germany after being injured during the Africa mission.

text: Audrey Whitaker[edit]

text: Audrey Whitaker (portrayed by Susan Lucci) is the wife of retired Major General Bryce Whitaker, former CO of Lieutenant General Michael Holden. She and her husband were family friends of the Holdens.

text: In the episode "General Complications", Jackie reveals to Claudia Joy that Audrey had a grudge against her husband for an incident which forced MG Whitaker into retirement but was kept under wraps. Six years ago, MG Kevin Clarke was with the 173rd Airborne Brigade based in Italy while MG Whitaker was attached to the V Corps, the 173rd's parent formation. MG Whitaker had invited his senior officers for a party and one of them raped the sixteen-year-old daughter of an Italian diplomat. The diplomat's wife personally called Jackie after the Army gave her "the run-around". MG Clarke took the matter to the Inspector General of the Italian Police and while the matter was eventually settled out of court, Whitaker was indirectly forced to retire to avoid the scandal being publicized and his reputation tarnished further. When the Clarkes and 32nd Airborne Division moved to Fort Marshall, Audrey took advantage of the upheaval to use her friendship with Claudia Joy Holden against Jackie. In the aftermath of the media spotlight on the Narubian orphans and attention focused on the Africa mission, Audrey claimed to have manipulated events which resulted in Kevin losing out to Michael for a promotion to Lieutenant General. She then went to Claudia Joy demanding credit and an "advisory" position for her husband. Michael, who refuses to believe that Audrey played any part in his promotion, and Claudia Joy eventually decided to distance themselves from the Whitakers.


document_title: Time's Arrow (Star Trek: The Next Generation)

question_text: who played mark twain on star trek next generation

text: Plot[edit]

text: Part 1[edit]

text: The Enterprise is recalled to Earth on a priority mission pertaining to evidence of aliens on the planet 500 years ago. They are shown a cavern near Starfleet Headquarters in San Francisco containing relics of the 19th century, and the severed head of Data. The Enterprise crew finds evidence pointing to a race of shapeshifters and cellular fossils native to the planet of Devidia II. Taking Data's second head, the Enterprise travels to the planet, and discovers a temporal disturbance on the planet. Though no life forms are visible, Troi senses the presence of suffering humans, and the crew work out that the aliens are slightly out of phase with time. Data notes that his android body has a phase discriminator that would allow him to see the aliens, and Captain Picard reluctantly allows him to do so. Data, once in phase with the aliens, describes them to the crew as absorbing strands of light from a device in the center of the cavern but otherwise appear benign. However, as he observes, two aliens enter a time portal that he is drawn into; Data finds himself on Earth in San Francisco in the late 19th century.

text: Data quickly surmises that he needs money to operate, and is able to win a sizable amount beating card sharks at their own game in poker. Taking residence in a local hotel, Data claims to be a French inventor, befriending the bellhop (the future author Jack London) for help in acquiring parts to build a detector to find the aliens, using 19th century technology.

text: Data finds Guinan the bartender from the Enterprise in a newspaper photo, and goes to a reception she will be attending. As she is speaking with Samuel Clemens (better known by his pen name, Mark Twain, played by Jerry Hardin), Data attempts to ask her questions about the future believing her to have followed him back in time, but discovers that she is native to 1893 and has yet to meet the Enterprise crew; Data's language intrigues Clemens and he begins to follow Data and Guinan around.

text: Meanwhile, the Enterprise crew has determined how to build a similar phase discriminator to allow them to also see the aliens and go back in time to rescue Data. Guinan urges Picard to go along with the away team as, otherwise, they will have never met in the past and could change history. Picard and the rest of the away team activate the phase discriminator and see the same aliens as Data described, but discover that the strands of light they are consuming are human life forces, taken at the moment of death. The away team uses the time portal to travel back to the past to put a stop to the aliens.

text: Part 2[edit]

text: Arriving in 1893, the away team quickly locates Data, who explains the current situation. Using Data's device, the team, followed by Guinan and Samuel Clemens are able to follow the alien shapeshifters to the same cavern near San Francisco, where they discover that the aliens have travelled to the 19th century to take advantage of a cholera outbreak, draining the life force from humans in infected areas to give the impression that their deaths were the result of an epidemic. In an ensuing struggle over a cane-like device used to open the portal, Data's head is detached from his body and left in 1893, and Guinan is injured. As Picard tends to Guinan, the rest of the away team, carrying Data's body which continues to grasp the cane device, follow one of the aliens to the future, with Clemens also following them. Picard learns from the other alien that should the Enterprise destroy their base in the 24th century, the strength of the time shift will be amplified, potentially devastating 19th-century Earth. Picard places a binary message using iron filings in Data's static memory to leave instructions for his crew in the future.

text: In the 24th century, Geordi La Forge reattaches Data's 500-year-old head onto his body, and Data discovers Picard's message. Data and LaForge devise a way of putting photon torpedoes in phase with the alien habitat, and therefore avoiding the amplification of the time shift effect, whilst Riker decides to attempt to rescue Picard. As studies of the cane device reveal that, due to instability of the portal, only one person would be able to return from the 19th century, Clemens offers to go back to save Picard. Clemens returns to the cavern in the 19th century, giving Picard a device to operate the time portal himself, and offering to tend to Guinan's wounds. Picard thanks Clemens, and explains that he wishes he could have gotten to know him better, but Clemens points out that his personality is written into his books. Picard returns to the future just as Riker orders Worf to fire the reconfigured torpedoes at the habitat, and is beamed out just in time.

text: Time travel analysis[edit]

text: In his 2012 book Time Travel, author David Wittenberg wrote favorably of the depiction of the logic of time travel in the episode: "Star Trek's 'Time's Arrow' is both cognizant and respectful of … physical theory, offering a time travel loop in which causal order is not upset, or, in other words, in which no strictly logical paradoxes ensue."[3]

text: Reception[edit]

text: Awards[edit]

text: The second-part of the episode was nominated for three Creative Arts Emmy Awards, winning two:

text:
Year
Award
Category
Nominee
Episode
Result
Ref(s)

1993
Creative Arts Emmy Award
Outstanding Individual Achievement in Costume Design for a Series
Robert Blackman
"Time's Arrow, Part II"
Won
[1]

Outstanding Individual Achievement in Hairstyling for a Series
Joy Zapata, Candace Neal, Patricia Miller, Laura Connolly, Richard Sabre, Julia L. Walker, Josée Normand
"Time's Arrow, Part II"
Won
[1][2]

Outstanding Individual Achievement in Sound Editing for a Series
Bill Wistrom, James Wolvington, Miguel Rivera, Masanobu 'Tomi' Tomita, Guy Tsujimoto, Jeff Gersh, Dan Yale, Gerry Sackman
"Time's Arrow, Part II"
Nominated
[4]

text: Critical response[edit]

text: Writing for The Deseret News, television editor Scott D. Pierce found the first part of the story "fresh and intriguing".[5] Wired asked readers to select which episodes of the series were their favorites, and "Time's Arrow" was highlighted in their resultant article.[6]

text: Release[edit]

text:
Star Trek The Next Generation DVD set, volume 5, disc 7, selection 2.
Star Trek The Next Generation DVD set, volume 6, disc 1, selection 1.


document_title: List of National Football League career passing yards leaders

question_text: who has the most passing yardage in the nfl

text: Players with at least 30,000 regular season career passing yards[edit]

text:
Key

^

Inducted into the Pro Football Hall of Fame

*

Denotes player who is still active in the NFL

text: Through Week 8 of 2018 season

text:
Rank

Player

Team(s) by season

Yards

1

Drew Brees*

San Diego Chargers (2001–2005) New Orleans Saints (2006–present)

72,435

2

Peyton Manning

Indianapolis Colts (1998–2011) Denver Broncos (2012–2015)

71,940

3

Brett Favre^

Atlanta Falcons (1991)Green Bay Packers (1992–2007) New York Jets (2008)Minnesota Vikings (2009–2010)

71,838

4

Tom Brady*

New England Patriots (2000–present)

68,359

5

Dan Marino^

Miami Dolphins (1983–1999)

61,361

6

Eli Manning*

New York Giants (2004–present)

54,059

7

Ben Roethlisberger*

Pittsburgh Steelers (2004–present)

53,355

8

Philip Rivers*

San Diego / Los Angeles Chargers (2004–present)

52,356

9

John Elway^

Denver Broncos (1983–1998)

51,475

10

Warren Moon^

Houston Oilers (1984–1993)Minnesota Vikings (1994–1996)Seattle Seahawks (1997–1998)Kansas City Chiefs (1999–2000)

49,325

11

Fran Tarkenton^

Minnesota Vikings (1961–1966, 1972–1978)New York Giants (1967–1971)

47,003

12

Carson Palmer

Cincinnati Bengals (2003–2010)Oakland Raiders (2011–2012)Arizona Cardinals (2013–2017)

46,247

13

Vinny Testaverde

Tampa Bay Buccaneers (1987–1992)Cleveland Browns (1993–1995)Baltimore Ravens (1996–1997)New York Jets (1998–2003, 2005)Dallas Cowboys (2004)New England Patriots (2006)Carolina Panthers (2007)

46,233

14

Drew Bledsoe

New England Patriots (1993–2001)Buffalo Bills (2002–2004)Dallas Cowboys (2005–2006)

44,611

15

Matt Ryan*

Atlanta Falcons (2008–present)

44,131

16

Dan Fouts^

San Diego Chargers (1973–1987)

43,040

17

Kerry Collins

Carolina Panthers (1995–1998)[a])New Orleans Saints (1998)New York Giants (1999–2003)Oakland Raiders (2004–2005)Tennessee Titans (2006–2010)Indianapolis Colts (2011)

40,922

18

Aaron Rodgers*

Green Bay Packers (2005–present)

40,785

19

Joe Montana^

San Francisco 49ers (1979–1992)Kansas City Chiefs (1993–1994)

40,551

20

Johnny Unitas^

Baltimore Colts (1956–1972)San Diego Chargers (1973)

40,239

21

Dave Krieg

Seattle Seahawks (1980–1991)Kansas City Chiefs (1992–1993)Detroit Lions (1994)Arizona Cardinals (1995)Chicago Bears (1996)Tennessee Oilers (1997–1998)

38,147

22

Joe Flacco*

Baltimore Ravens (2008–present)

38,039

23

Boomer Esiason

Cincinnati Bengals (1984–1992)New York Jets (1993–1995)Arizona Cardinals (1996)Cincinnati Bengals (1997)

37,920

24

Donovan McNabb

Philadelphia Eagles (1999–2009)Washington Redskins (2010)Minnesota Vikings (2011)

37,276

25

Matthew Stafford*

Detroit Lions (2009–present)

36,661

26

Matt Hasselbeck

Green Bay Packers (1998–2000)Seattle Seahawks (2001–2010)Tennessee Titans (2011–2012)Indianapolis Colts (2013–2015)

36,638

27

Jim Kelly^

Buffalo Bills (1986–1996)

35,467

28

Jay Cutler

Denver Broncos (2006–2008)Chicago Bears (2009–2016)Miami Dolphins (2017)

35,133

29

Jim Everett

Los Angeles Rams (1986–1993)New Orleans Saints (1994–1996)San Diego Chargers (1997)

34,837

30

Jim Hart

St. Louis Cardinals (1966–1983Washington Redskins 1984)

34,665

31

Steve DeBerg

San Francisco 49ers (1978–1980)Denver Broncos (1981–1983)Tampa Bay Buccaneers (1984–1987, 1992–1993[b]) Kansas City Chiefs (1988–1991)Miami Dolphins (1993)Atlanta Falcons (1998)

34,241

32

Tony Romo

Dallas Cowboys (2003–2016)

34,183

33

John Hadl

San Diego Chargers (1962–1972)Los Angeles Rams (1973–1974[c])Green Bay Packers (1974–1975)Houston Oilers (1976–1977)

33,503

34

Phil Simms

New York Giants (1979–1993)

33,462

35

Alex Smith*

San Francisco 49ers (2005–2012)Kansas City Chiefs (2013–2017)Washington Redskins (2018–present)

33,449

36

Steve Young^

Tampa Bay Buccaneers (1985–1986)San Francisco 49ers (1987–1999)

33,124

37

Troy Aikman^

Dallas Cowboys (1989–2000)

32,942

38

Ken Anderson

Cincinnati Bengals (1971–1986)

32,838

39

Kurt Warner^

St. Louis Rams (1998–2003)New York Giants (2004)Arizona Cardinals (2005–2009)

32,344

40

Sonny Jurgensen^

Philadelphia Eagles (1957–1963)Washington Redskins (1964–1974)

32,224

41

Mark Brunell

Green Bay Packers (1993–1994)Jacksonville Jaguars (1995–2003)Washington Redskins (2004–2006)New Orleans Saints (2008–2009)New York Jets (2010–2011)

32,072

42

John Brodie

San Francisco 49ers (1957–1973)

31,548

43

Steve McNair

Houston / Tennessee Oilers / Titans (1995–2005)Baltimore Ravens (2006–2007)

31,304

44

Norm Snead

Washington Redskins (1961–1963)Philadelphia Eagles (1964–1970)Minnesota Vikings (1971)New York Giants (1972–1974, 1976)San Francisco 49ers (1974–1975)

30,797

text: Note: Y. A. Tittle passed for 33,070 yards in his professional career. However, 4,731 of those yards came in the All-America Football Conference (AAFC). The NFL does not recognize statistics and records accrued in the AAFC.[1][2] As such, his career passing yards total in the NFL stands at 28,339.[3]

text: Active players with 26,000–29,999 yards[edit]

text: Through Week 8 of 2018 season; numbers in yards

text:
Ryan Fitzpatrick, 28,541
Andy Dalton, 27,636
Cam Newton, 26,720

text: Players with the most career passing yards including playoff games[edit]

text: Active players are in bold. Minimum 60K yards.

text:
1

Peyton Manning

79,279

2

Tom Brady

78,585

3

Brett Favre

77,693

4

Drew Brees

76,644

5

Dan Marino

65,871

text: Historical passing yards leaders[edit]

text: Ten players are recognised as having held the record as the NFL's career passing yardage leader.[4]  The longest record holder was Fran Tarkenton who held the record for 19 years.

text:
Reign
Player
Team(s) while leader
Career passing yards
Season(s)

1932–1942(11 years)
Arnie Herber^  [5]
Green Bay Packers
639
1932

1,295
1933

2,094
1934

2,823
1935

4,062
1936

4,746
1937

5,082
1938

6,189
1939

6,749
1940–1942

1943–1958(16 years)
Sammy Baugh^  [6]
Washington Redskins
8,379
1943

9,228
1944

10,897
1945

12,060
1946

14,998
1947

17,597
1948

19,500
1949

20,630
1950

21,734
1951

21,886
1952–1958

1959–1963(5 years)
Bobby Layne^  [7]
Pittsburgh Steelers
22,063
1959

23,877
1960

25,082
1961

26,768
1962–1963

1964–1967(4 years)
Y. A. Tittle^  [3]
New York Giants
28,339
1964–1967

1968–1975(8 years)
Johnny Unitas^  [8]
Baltimore Colts (1968–1972)San Diego Chargers (1973)
33,160
1968

35,502
1969

37,715
1970

38,657
1971

39,768
1972

40,239
1973–1975

1976–1994(19 years)
Fran Tarkenton^  [9]
Minnesota Vikings
41,801
1976

43,535
1977

47,003
1978–1994

1995–2006(12 years)
Dan Marino^  [10]
Miami Dolphins
48,841
1995

51,636
1996

55,416
1997

58,913
1998

61,361
1999–2006

2007–2014(8 years)
Brett Favre^  [11]
Green Bay Packers (2007)New York Jets (2008)Minnesota Vikings (2009–2010)
61,655
2007

65,127
2008

69,329
2009

71,838
2010–2014

2015–2017(3 years)
Peyton Manning  [12]

Denver Broncos

71,940

2015–2017

Since 2018(1 year)
Drew Brees[13]

New Orleans Saints

72,435

Since 2018


document_title: On Eagle's Wings

question_text: who wrote the song on eagle's wings

question_tokens: who wrote the song on eagle 's wings

text: On Eagle's Wings

text: "On Eagle's Wings" is a devotional song composed by Michael Joncas. Its words are based on Psalm 91[1], Book of Exodus 19[2], and Gospel of Matthew 13[3]. Joncas wrote the piece in either 1976[4] or 1979.[1][5] It was recorded in 1979, with Douglas Hall as producer, published by North American Liturgy Resources and later purchased by New Dawn Music, a subsidiary of Oregon Catholic Press. It has become popular as a contemplative song at Catholic masses as well as at Mainline Protestant services.

text: It is now sung during services of many Christian denominations, including Pentecostal churches, and was performed at many of the funerals of victims of September 11.[citation needed] It is often performed either at the beginning or the ending of a Roman Catholic funeral mass.  It has been performed at many internationally broadcast papal Masses, was selected as part of the 2007 funeral Mass for Luciano Pavarotti in Modena, Italy, also broadcast internationally.[citation needed]

text: Fr. Joncas has stated that his preference for the title would be "On Eagle's Wings," indicating that the wings belong to a single eagle as a metaphor for God, but he said he could make an argument for the plural "On Eagles' Wings," since many wings would be needed to lift up the multitude of people in covenant with God.[citation needed]