document_title: Military history of the Philippines during World War II

question_text: when did world war 2 end in philippines

question_tokens: when did world war 2 end in philippines

text: Background[edit]

text: In September 1940, Nazi Germany, Kingdom of Italy, and Empire of Japan had allied under the Tripartite Coalition as the Axis powers. The United States banned the shipment of aviation gasoline to Japan in July 1940, and by 1941 shipments of scrap iron, steel, gasoline and other materials had practically ceased. Meanwhile, American economic support to China began to increase.

text: Japan and the USSR signed a neutrality pact in April 1941 and Japan increased pressure on the French and Dutch colonies in Southeast Asia to cooperate in economic matters. Japanese forces occupied the naval and air bases of southern Indochina on 22 July 1941. The Philippines was almost completely surrounded.

text: General George C. Marshall, US Army Chief of Staff, stated, "Adequate reinforcements for the Philippines, at this time, would have left the United States in a position of great peril, should there be a break in the defense of Great Britain."[1]

text: A campaign for independence from the US which had been ongoing since 1919 resulted on 17 January 1933 in the passage by the US Congress of the Hare–Hawes–Cutting Act over the veto of President Herbert Hoover.[2] The law promised Philippine independence after 10 years, but reserved several military and naval bases for the United States, as well as imposing tariffs and quotas on Philippine exports. Philippine Senate President Manuel L. Quezon caused the legislature to reject the bill. Subsequently, the Tydings–McDuffie Act, which eliminated provisions for US military reservations and substituted a provision for "ultimate settlement", became US law on 24 March 1934 and was accepted by the Philippine legislature on 1 May.[3] The impact of this on the future defense of the Philippines with the establishment was to prove disastrous. During the 10-year transition period, the Philippine Constabulary was vested with an ever-increasing responsibility for defending the borders of the Philippines.[citation needed] The forces of the US Army settled at around 10,000 men.[citation needed]

text: The US army had, however, already spent millions constructing Forts, and air strips throughout Luzon. This included the harbor defenses in Manila Bay, at Fort Mills on Corregidor Island and at Grande Island in Subic Bay. There were also bases at Nichols Air Station, now Villamor Airbase, Nielson Air Base (now Makati City—Ayala and Buendia Avenues lay over the original landing strips), at Fort William McKinley (now Fort Andres Bonifacio and the American Cemetery), Camp Murphy (now Camp Aguinaldo and Camp Crame) in Quezon City, Camp O'Donnell in Tarlac and a series of airbases and army installations in Pampanga including Fort Stotsenburg, Clark Air Base, as well as Camp Wallace in La Union, the Naval Station in Sangley Point, Cavite City, Camp Keithley in Lanao, Camp Eldridge in Los Baños, Laguna and Camp Henry T. Allen in Baguio City. Other fields in Tugegarao, Aparri, Isabela, Nueva Ecija, Legaspi, Bataan, and Del Monte in Davao were also built using US funds prior to and during the first years of the 1935 provisional Commonwealth.

text: The Philippine Army[edit]

text: The date for Philippine Independence and US Military withdrawal was approaching, resulting in a reduction in funds from the US Military to directly support the expansion of the Philippine Army. Twelve Million US dollars were provided to the Commonwealth for the establishment of the Philippine Army in 1936. In the early years of the Commonwealth, the Philippine Army was composed of an Active Duty and a Reserve Component. The Active Duty component was the Philippine Constabulary, which was a para-military organization. After the outbreak of the war, this was referred to as the First Philippine Division. Many of the officers of the Philippine Army and Philippine Army Air Corps came from the members of the Philippine Constabulary and Air Constabulary.

text: Far Eastern Command[edit]

text: On 25 July 1941, US Secretary of War Henry L. Stimson requested that US President Franklin D. Roosevelt issue orders calling the military forces of the Commonwealth into active service for the United States. Stimson explained, "All practical steps should be taken to increase the defensive strength of the Philippine Islands."

text: The following day President Roosevelt froze all Japanese assets within the United States and issued orders to absorb the forces of the Philippine Army. That same day the War Department created the US Army Forces in the Far East (USAFFE) command, with jurisdiction over the Philippine Department and the military forces of the Commonwealth. At the same time General Douglas MacArthur was recalled to active duty and designated the commander of USAFFE.

text: Naval Forces[edit]

text: At the outbreak of war the United States Navy's Asiatic Fleet was stationed at Cavite Naval Base in Manila Bay. Also stationed there was the Offshore Patrol.

text: Mobilization and Reinforcement[edit]

text: MacArthur ordered the mobilization of the Philippine Army beginning on 1 September. Elements of 10 Filipino reserve divisions were to be called into the service of the United States Army by 15 December. Battalions were not organized by the time of the Japanese invasion in December. However, a force of a hundred thousand or more Filipinos was raised.

text: On 14 August Brigadier General Leonard T. Gerow argued that the Philippine Department could not resist a Japanese attack. He thus recommended that the Philippines be reinforced with anti-aircraft artillery, modern aircraft and tanks. On 16 August, MacArthur was informed that by 5 September he could expect the 200th Coast Artillery Regiment (AA), the 192nd and 194th Tank Battalions and a company of the 17th Ordnance Battalion.

text: On 5 September Marshall asked MacArthur if he wanted a National Guard Division, probably the 41st. MacArthur replied that he did not need any additional divisions. He also stated, "Equipment and supplies are essential. If these steps are taken, I am confident that no such backing, the development of a completely adequate defense force will be rapid."

text: During September and October, in addition to the above-mentioned reinforcements, MacArthur received the 192nd Tank Battalion and 75 self-propelled 75 mm guns.

text: MacArthur strove to reorganize the Philippine Division from a square into a triangular formation. This plan involved shipping in an American infantry regiment and or complementing Stotsenburg and allow USAFFE control of 2 American combat teams. These plans also involved the formation of four tactical commands, each of corps strength, along with various additional support units.

text: By November the War Department had approved additional reinforcements of 1,312 officers, 25 nurses and 18,047 men. The 34th Infantry Regiment was scheduled to ship out from San Francisco on 8 December 1941. By 5 December fifty-five ships were en route from San Francisco carrying 100,000 ship-tons of cargo to the Philippines. On board were the personnel and equipment of the 26th Field Artillery Brigade, including the 147th Field Artillery, 75 mm, Truck Drawn, Regiment of the South Dakota National Guard; the 148th Field Artillery, 75 mm, Truck Drawn, Regiment of the Idaho National Guard and the 2d Battalion of the 131st Field Artillery, 75 mm, Truck Drawn, Regiment of the Texas National Guard. These units were diverted to Hawaii and assigned to its defenses.

text: When the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor took place, there were several air elements en route. This included 52 A-24 Banshee dive bombers of the 27th Bombardment Group, eighteen P-40s of the 35th Pursuit Group, 340 tons of bombs and 9,000 drums of aviation fuel. There were also two light field ground echelons of the 7th Bombardment Group, which arrived in the Philippines and were relocated to Mariveles after the evacuation of Manila. The air echelon squadrons of the 7th were en route to the Philippines and arrived in Pearl Harbor on the morning of 7 December 1941. They consisted of 9th, 463rd, 492nd, and 493d Heavy Bombardment Squadrons. The air ecehlon was diverted back to the US and then routed to Java through Australia.

text: Material and Training Deficiencies[edit]

text: The Philippine Army received clothing that was of poor quality. Their rubber shoes would wear out within 2 weeks. There were shortages of nearly every kind of equipment such as blankets, mosquito bars, shelter halves, entrenching tools, gas masks, and helmets.

text: During August, MacArthur had requested 84,500 Garand rifles, 330 .30-caliber machine guns, 326 .50-caliber machine-guns, 450 37mm guns, 217 81 mm mortars, 288 75 mm guns, and over 8,000 vehicles. On 18 September, he was informed that, because of lend-lease commitments, he would not receive most of these items. As a result, the Philippine Army was forced to continue using Enfield and Springfield rifles.

text: The shipment of supplies depended upon the US Navy's limited cargo capacity. In September, the Navy announced its intentions to convert three transports into escort carriers, but this was not done after MacArthur observed that the loss of three transports would delay his reinforcements by more than two months.

text: The army then approved requests for 105 mm howitzers, 75 mm pack howitzers, 75 mm guns, .30-caliber machine guns, 37 mm guns, ten 250 ft station hospitals, one hundred and eighty sets of regimental infirmary equipment, jeeps, ambulances, trucks and sedans. By November, there were 1,100,000 tons of equipment, intended for the Philippines, piled up in US ports. Most of this never reached its destination. Meanwhile, the Navy did manage to transport 1,000,000 gallons of gasoline to the island. Much of this fuel would be stored on the Bataan Peninsula.

text: In 1941, many Filipino units went into battle without ever having fired their weapons. Many of the troops had also never even seen an artillery piece fired. The 31st Infantry Division (PA) signal officer was unable to establish radio communication with other units in the same camp. The commander of the Philippine 31st Infantry Division, Colonel Bluemel stated, "The enlisted men are proficient in only two things, one, when an officer appears, to yell 'attention' in a loud voice, jump up, and salute; two, to demand 3 meals per day."

text: Training and coordination were further complicated by language barriers. Enlisted Filipinos often spoke one language (such as Bikol or a Visayan language), their officers would speak another (such as Tagalog) and the Americans would speak English. There were some first sergeants and company clerks who could neither read nor write.

text: The Japanese decide to attack[edit]

text: The Japanese viewed all the lands of Asia to be the rightful property of the Imperial Japanese Government and the Emperor.[4] The land invasion of Korea, China and parts of Russia, which had begun at the turn of the 20th century, had been taking an upswing.[5] The Japanese had been kept from realizing their goal of unifying or dominating the Asian lands by the presence of foreign military forces in the Philippines (United States), Hong Kong, Malaysia (United Kingdom) and the Dutch East Indies.[6] Japan had hoped that they could strike fast and hold off reinforcements long enough to broker a peace accord from a position of strength.[7]

text: Central to the Japanese goals was the taking of all Asian lands.[8] To be successful US, UK, and Dutch forces were to be attacked simultaneously to prevent their ability to reinforce and aid their Asian possessions. Pivotal to the Japanese decision to attack was a tremendous need for crude oil as a result of economic sanctions imposed by the United States, the United Kingdom and the Netherlands which was weakening the Japanese economy. The Japanese leaders were faced with a choice: end the war in China and their plans for Asian conquest, so as to end the sanctions, or declare war on three large military forces. The current war against Britain, and the Netherlands, and the strain of providing aid by the United States to these countries was seen as an opportunity by the Japanese to extend their "rightful" place as a ruler in Asia.[9]

text: The Japanese government decided to seize resources under the control of Britain, the United States and the Netherlands. Japan had already placed over ten divisions in Formosa (Taiwan). Japanese military planners argued that the British (and the USSR should they decide to declare war), would be unable to effectively respond to a Japanese attack, given the threat posed by the Third Reich.

text: List of conflicts[edit]

text:
Battle of the Philippines (1941–42) 8 December 1941 – 8 May 1942
Battle of Bataan 7 January – 9 April 1942
Battle of Corregidor 5–6 May 1942
Japanese occupation of the Philippines (1941–1945) 8 May 1942 – 5 July 1945
Philippine resistance against Japan 1941–45
Battle of Leyte 17 October – 26 December 1944
Philippines campaign (1944–45) 20 October 1944 – 15 August 1945
Battle of Leyte Gulf 23–26 October 1944
Battle of Ormoc Bay 11 November-21 December 1944
Battle of Mindoro 13–16 December 1944
Battle of Kirang Pass 1945
Battle of Maguindanao January to September 1945
Invasion of Lingayen Gulf 6–9 January 1945
Battle of Luzon 9 January – 15 August 1945
Battle of Bessang Pass 9 January 1945
Raid at Cabanatuan 30 January 1945
Battle of Bataan (1945) 31 January 1945
Battle of Manila (1945) 3 February – 3 March 1945
Battle of Corregidor (1945) 16–26 February 1945
Battle of Baguio (1945) 21 February 1945
Raid at Los Baños 23 February 1945
Invasion of Palawan 28 February – 22 April 1945
Battle of Mindanao 10 March – 15 August 1945
Battle of the Visayas 18 March – 30 July 1945
Battle at Piso Point 14 May 1945


document_title: Suits (season 3)

question_text: when do mike and rachel move in together

root

text: Suits (season 3)

text: Overview[edit]

text: The series revolves around corporate lawyer Harvey Specter and his associate attorney Mike Ross who, between the two of them, have only one law degree.

tag: p

text: Cast[edit]

text:
Regular cast
Gabriel Macht as Harvey Specter
Patrick J. Adams as Mike Ross
Rick Hoffman as Louis Litt
Meghan Markle as Rachel Zane
Sarah Rafferty as Donna Paulsen
Gina Torres as Jessica Pearson

Recurring cast
Abigail Spencer as Dana Scott
Conleth Hill as Edward Darby
Amanda Schull as Katrina Bennett
Michelle Fairley as Dr. Ava Hessington
Max Beesley as Stephen Huntley
Guest cast
Gary Cole as D.A. Cameron Dennis
Michael Phelps as himself
Stephen Macht as Professor Gerard

tag: table

text: Six actors received star billing in the show's first season. Each character works at the fictional Pearson Hardman law firm in Manhattan.  Gabriel Macht plays corporate lawyer Harvey Specter, who is promoted to senior partner and is forced to hire an associate attorney. Patrick J. Adams plays college dropout Mike Ross, who wins the associate position with his eidetic memory and genuine desire to be a good lawyer. Rick Hoffman plays Louis Litt, Harvey's jealous rival and the direct supervisor of the firm's first-year associates. Meghan Markle plays Rachel Zane, a paralegal who aspires to be an attorney but her test anxiety prevents her from attending Harvard Law School. Sarah Rafferty plays Donna Paulsen, Harvey's long-time legal secretary, confidant, and the only one at the firm who knows Mike never attended law school. Gina Torres plays Jessica Pearson, the co-founder and managing partner of the firm.

text: Michelle Fairley guest stars in multiple episodes as oil executive Dr. Ava Hessington, a high-profile client for the new Pearson Darby firm whose father has a past with Darby. Gary Cole reprises his Season 1 role as former Manhattan DA Cameron Dennis, now assigned as a special prosecutor in the Hessington case.[2] Max Beesley is introduced as recurring character Stephen Huntley, Darby's right-hand man from the London office, who is considered the British Harvey.[3][4][5] Swimmer Michael Phelps made a cameo appearance in the eleventh episode of the season. Stephen Macht, Gabriel Macht's father, guest stars as Professor Gerard in the season's twelfth episode.

text: Episodes[edit]

text: This section's plot summaries may be too long or excessively detailed. Please help improve them by removing unnecessary details and making them more concise. (March 2017) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

text:
No.overallNo. inseasonTitleDirected byWritten byOriginal air dateU.S. viewers(millions)291"The Arrangement"Christopher MisianoAaron KorshJuly 16, 2013 (2013-07-16)2.93[6]
The merger complete, Jessica's new partnership with Darby is tested when he assigns Harvey a high-profile client, an oil executive named Dr. Ava Hessington (Michelle Fairley), who has a deeper past with Darby than originally thought. Ava faces the loss of her freedom, if Harvey can't produce a win for her case. Mike works to reconcile with Harvey, while also trying to manage the fallout from his revelation to Rachel. After telling her "everything", they end up happily in bed together. Meanwhile, Louis convinces Darby to give him quartermaster responsibilities at the firm over his rival, Nigel, but the move backfires when Nigel is put in charge of the associates over Louis.
302"I Want You to Want Me"Roger KumbleJon CowanJuly 23, 2013 (2013-07-23)2.88[7]
After being told by Jessica that he can have his pick of the Pearson Darby associates, Louis asks Mike to help him on a seemingly unwinnable eminent domain case. He offers Mike a mentor-mentee partnership in which they treat each other as equals, while Harvey continues to assure Mike that the two of them are "through". Harvey is charged with keeping Dr. Ava Hessington out of jail, but the case is complicated by his former mentor — the special prosecuting attorney and disgraced former DA of Manhattan, Cameron Dennis. When Harvey discovers that Cameron is making a deal with Ava's protege Nick, he reluctantly teams up with Jessica in a different plan of attack. The case is eventually settled out of court with Ava keeping her company and staying out of jail, though Harvey is not entirely pleased with the settlement. Meanwhile Donna and Rachel try to help Harvey and Mike make amends. In the end, Harvey and Mike reconcile, leaving Louis behind.
313"Unfinished Business"Anton CropperEthan DroginJuly 30, 2013 (2013-07-30)2.47[8]
After having pleaded guilty to bribery, Ava Hessington gets arrested because Cameron Dennis now wants to link her to the murders of six protestors committed by the foreign colonel she bribed. Harvey and Mike finally get her out by letting the witnesses sue them, but both men think that she really ordered these murders. During the case, Harvey meets Darby's "fixer", Stephen Huntley. While Harvey is tied up with Ava's personal case, he asks Louis to represent Ava's company, Hessington Oil, amidst a potential hostile takeover. Katrina Bennett wants to work the case with Louis, but refuses to be his personal associate so he rejects her. She then tries to work for Harvey, but is stopped and put in her place by Mike and Donna. Afterward, she sends everybody in the firm a prank video of Mike, trying to annoy him and get closer to Louis. She then is chewed out by Harvey, after which Louis lets her work on his case after all. Meanwhile, Donna forgives Mike and Rachel, and Mike and Rachel discuss being boyfriend and girlfriend. Huntley pursues Donna romantically, while Harvey lets Mike in on his plan to unseat Jessica as managing partner.
324"Conflict of Interest"Michael SmithDaniel ArkinAugust 6, 2013 (2013-08-06)2.99[9]
The cases of Harvey (Ava Hessington's murder trial) and Louis (the takeover battle for Hessington Oil) continue. While Jessica, Louis and Katrina want Ava to resign as CEO/President of Hessington Oil, Darby, Harvey and Mike don't. Katrina and Mike work together to find a way to prevent the Gionopoulos Holdings takeover. Together, they discover that since Tony Gionopoulos has other holdings which are regulated by the FTC, a takeover of Hessington Oil would put them in violation of anti-trust laws. Using this information, Louis confronts Gionopoulos' employee who laughs at Louis, saying they as Wharton investment bankers are smarter than any lawyers. He notes that Gionopoulos is having dinner with his "old friend", the FTC commissioner.  Having failed to stop Gionopoulos, Louis offers to be Jessica's "black swan" and do her dirty work for her by convincing the Hessington Oil board to fire Ava, given that so many figure her to be guilty of the murders, and retain Pearson Darby as their legal counsel. During a mock deposition, Mike and Harvey become convinced that Ava is innocent. She says that she paid $100 million more in bribe money to prevent innocent people from being harmed, and to help relocate those who would lose their homes and livestock. The conflicts between Jessica and both Harvey and Darby heat up when she prevents Louis from going to the board, thus sealing Ava's fate as the board fires her. Meanwhile, Donna and Stephen agree to have a date and "an arrangement" to "satisfy his needs" while he is in New York. He gets tickets to see Daniel Day-Lewis in Macbeth, then tells Donna he has arranged dinner with Daniel after the show, causing her to instead take Stephen somewhere more private. She attempts to tell Harvey about this the next day, but the timing isn't right. Mike and Rachel proclaim their love for each other, shortly after Mike and Katrina agree to a truce.
335"Shadow of a Doubt"Félix AlcaláGenevieve SparlingAugust 13, 2013 (2013-08-13)2.79[10]
Stephen assures Harvey that, despite Ava losing her company, winning Ava's murder trial is enough to get Harvey a shot at unseating Jessica as managing partner. Harvey figures his best chance at winning is to get the murder charge dismissed, but Cameron Dennis and the judge want to proceed with a trial. Harvey and Stephen then confront Tony Gionopoulos (Rob Stewart) with a threat to tie up his businesses in England with court cases unless he testifies that Dennis colluded with him to get Ava unseated, but Gionopoulos isn't scared away. Stephen then goes behind Harvey's back and threatens Gionopoulos' daughter with a lawsuit, thus causing an angry Gionopoulos to start dumping shares of Hessington Oil and depleting the company's value. Harvey approaches Jessica for help, and they plan to have Gionopoulos Holdings buy Hessington Oil but reinstate Ava as CEO, in exchange for Gionopoulos testifying that Dennis left him alone in a room with a damning tape of Ava for him to view. Despite the new evidence, Dennis refuses to call off the murder trial even though he figures his chances of winning are down to about 20%. Elsewhere, Donna and Stephen escalate their romance, but she gets angry with him when he references their relationship in an argument with Harvey. Louis confronts Nigel over his handling of the associates, while Mike and Rachel work on a case to get $30 million returned by an accountant who embezzled it from a client. Mike later gets angry with Rachel when he finds out from her father that she has applied to attend law school at Stanford. The episode concludes with Jessica telling Harvey her plans to add him as a named partner in the New York office, but he questions her motives.
346"The Other Time"John ScottRick MuirraguiAugust 20, 2013 (2013-08-20)2.76[11]
In a flashback to ten years ago, Harvey resigns from the DA's office (on the advice of his father and Donna) rather than be complicit in Cameron's ethical violation. Taking Donna with him, he goes to work for Jessica, who with Hardman has just taken control of the firm in an overnight coup. Harvey and Donna have a tryst during the brief period she is not working for him, and they agree to conceal this thereafter. At the same time, college senior Mike receives an acceptance letter to Harvard Law school, but later sells answers to a math exam in order to repay a drug debt for his roommate Trevor. When Trevor is caught, Mike confesses, thinking the punishment will be light. It turns out the recipient of the exam answers was the dean's daughter, so the dean expels Mike from college and notifies Harvard Law of the transgressions. In the present, Harvey tells Jessica about his own coup deal with Darby and says he no longer wants the managing partnership, but Jessica rebuffs him. Harvey admits to Donna that he is bothered by her current fling with Stephen. Mike welcomes Rachel back from her Stanford interview, and promises to support her in whatever she chooses. Harvey and Mike call a bluff by Cameron and believe they have won acquittal for Ava. But Cameron still intends to go to trial since he now has the colonel as a witness, saying that Stephen "led me right to him."
357"She's Mine"Anton CropperPaul RedfordAugust 27, 2013 (2013-08-27)2.79[12]
Ava's defense is now in disarray in part because she concealed a phone call from Colonel Moriga, who is now available for questioning and maintains that Ava paid him for the murders. Jessica takes charge of the case and (against Harvey's advice) pursues the theory that Nick gave the fatal orders. Mike visits Cameron in his office, ostensibly to pursue a plea deal but actually to memorize documents to find out what Cameron has on Nick. Stephen continues to meddle in the case, and after Donna determines from the copier counter that he hid seven pages of Moriga's testimony, she breaks off their arrangement. Mike determines that Stephen was on a rugby team with the Colonel 20 years ago and personally paid him the bribe money while giving the orders for murders, without the knowledge of either Ava or Nick. Harvey beats up Stephen in the men's room. Meanwhile, Louis is reluctant to return his feline house guest to Nigel, who has returned early from Hong Kong. He challenges Nigel for custody of the cat in a mock trial before the associates, with Rachel as his "attorney". Nigel has a trick up his sleeve, bringing Harold to the mock trial to testify against Louis, but it backfires, resulting in Louis being awarded custody. On Rachel's urging, Louis accepts Nigel's offer to return supervision of the associates to Louis in exchange for the cat. A grateful Louis then informs Rachel that she has been admitted to Columbia Law School.
368"Endgame"Michael SmithJustin PeacockSeptember 3, 2013 (2013-09-03)3.52[13]
Jessica and Harvey confront Darby with the fact that Stephen ordered the murders, and Darby admits he found out after the fact and did nothing, for fear it would harm Ava. They get him to fire Stephen, but what he is honestly able to testify cannot prove Stephen's guilt. When Harvey calls Stephen to the stand, he fails to convince Cameron of Stephen's guilt and reduces Ava's chances still further. Harvey appeals to Cameron's desire for justice as well as victory, having Mike bring in Clifford (an innocent man that Cameron had convicted for murder). Darby advises Jessica to put aside her anger, and she does, reconciling with Harvey and working with him on an ultimate solution to Ava's problem. Darby agrees to plead to obstruction of justice (getting five years' probation) and testify against Stephen. Cameron takes the surer conviction and drops charges against Ava, while Donna watches Stephen get arrested for murder. At the last moment, Darby discovers that with his probation he also loses his license to practice law in the US, therefore allowing Jessica to push for a dissolution of the merger.  Back at the office, the now cat-less Louis lashes out against the associates, then goes to Harold's office to berate him about his testimony in the mock trial. Louis and Harold enter an escalating battle of legal action and intimidation, and Rachel confronts Louis over the depth of his resentment. He explains that his failure to train Harold reminds him of his own failure and the bullying he suffered. Rachel offers that Louis has bullied Harold in the same way. When Harold finally concedes the battle, Louis instead agrees to a compromise that will make Harold look good, swearing Rachel to secrecy about this unusual mercy.
379"Bad Faith"Christopher MisianoEthan DroginSeptember 10, 2013 (2013-09-10)2.95[14]
Work begins on the dissolution of the Pearson Darby Specter firm.  Louis convinces Jessica to let him handle the negotiations, on the grounds that Jessica and Harvey would be too emotionally involved. This backfires when Darby appoints Nigel to negotiate with Louis, as Louis (provoked by Nigel's lack of affection for the cat) shuts the door on Harvey and Jessica's plan to defeat Darby. Meanwhile, Mike asks Rachel to move in with him (to the apartment he acquired for his late grandmother), but the two begin to fight over each other's irritating habits.  Louis and Katrina have a plan to increase the firm's business with Gianapoulos Holdings, which would increase their side's share of the settlement with Darby. Gianapoulos' aide is impressed with Louis' financial wits, but tells him he lacks the stature to have the proposal considered. Harvey sends Mike to ask Robert Zane to pay the Folsom Foods settlement immediately in return for a discount. Zane refuses until Mike invokes his relationship with Rachel; Zane is amused and impressed with Mike's chutzpah but Rachel is enraged when she learns of it. She tells Mike that she has been admitted to Stanford. Darby appoints Scottie as his new negotiator, with the promise of a named partnership if she wins. She pleads with Harvey to exclude the Folsom Foods settlement from the negotiations, mentioning how she helped him with the Hessington Oil case and their feelings for each other, and promising that she will not go after more money for Darby. Harvey convinces Jessica to agree to this, arguing that the whole firm will suffer from having Darby as an enemy. Soon after, it is revealed that Hessington Oil has fired the firm, and Harvey is enraged, believing that Scottie played him. Encouraged by Katrina, Louis shows his plan that was rejected by Gianapoulos' aide to Harvey, and asks him to present it. Harvey, still furious over Scottie's apparent manipulation, compliments Louis before taking him along to meet with Gianapoulos, who agrees to move his business to the Pearson Specter side of the firm. But Harvey then learns the Hessington Oil firing was in fact the work of Ava alone, as she is also suing the still-undissolved Pearson Darby Specter firm for malpractice.
3810"Stay"Kevin BrayRick MuirraguiSeptember 17, 2013 (2013-09-17)3.16[15]
Ava's attorney for her malpractice suit is Travis Tanner, whose strategy is to get Harvey to settle by attacking Scottie both personally and professionally.  He gets Stephen to sign an affidavit claiming she was complicit in the murders, but Donna is able to neutralize this, visiting Stephen in prison and getting him to admit he lied, unaware that he is being recorded.  Later Harvey interrupts Ava's deposition to speak with her directly, apologizing for his failings but insisting that everything he did was part of a zealous defense of her interests.  She agrees to withdraw the suit.  Harvey tells Scottie that he wants not only to work with her, but to have her in his life.  Jessica learns of Mike and Rachel's relationship, is concerned about Robert Zane learning the firm's business, and tells Mike she will fire him unless he gets Rachel to sign an affidavit saying that she knew of Mike's fraud.  Rachel visits Jessica and signs it, but asks her in return to waive the firm's "Harvard rule" so that she can apply for an associate's position on her graduation.  After initially threatening to break up with her if she goes to Stanford, Mike is again supportive of Rachel, and she decides to go to Columbia in spite of her rational analysis in favor of Stanford.  Louis again gets romantically involved with Sheila Sazs while attempting to lure a top Harvard Law candidate for an associate position, and he later declares he wants to be "exclusive" with Sheila. She briefly leaves Louis alone in a room which contains the records of everyone who ever attended Harvard Law School; he is surprised to find no folder on Mike.
3911"Buried Secrets"Cherie NowlanErica LipezMarch 6, 2014 (2014-03-06)2.27[16]
Things get complicated when Harvey mixes business with pleasure, getting Scottie a job at the firm. Scottie has to convince Jessica to waive the half-million dollar partner's buy-in, which she thinks she does by gaining Michael Phelps as a client for the firm. Still, Harvey isn’t completely honest with Scottie. Painful memories plague Mike, as he uses a case to exorcise demons against the man who paid his grandmother a meager settlement after his parents' death. Mike and Rachel decide to move in together. Meanwhile, Donna does her best to keep Mike’s secret from Louis, who is investigating. He seems satisfied after receiving a copy of Mike's (falsified) Harvard transcript, until finding an anomaly — an A+ grade from a professor who is notorious for not handing out such grades.
4012"Yesterday's Gone"Anton CropperGenevieve SparlingMarch 13, 2014 (2014-03-13)2.27[17]
Mike confesses to Louis that he falsified one A+ in Professor Gerard's Legal Ethics class, rather than telling Louis about his entire fabricated Harvard career. Louis invites Gerard (Stephen Macht) to give a lecture and says that he will expose Mike unless Mike confesses and apologizes to the professor.  Harvey fails to coerce Gerard into canceling the lecture, but prevails on Louis to let it go, citing his own friendship with Louis and Mike's fitness for and love of the law.  Meanwhile, Jessica's ex-husband Quentin has died, leaving Harvey and Jessica as co-executors.  Quentin's second wife Lisa wants to sell his drug company, which Jessica opposes.  Prompted by Harvey, she learns that Lisa's main goal is to ensure that Quentin's research leads to the release of a drug to the market.  Jessica asks the buying company to guarantee this, whereupon the sale offer is withdrawn and Lisa's lawyer challenges Jessica's status as executor.  Jessica cannot truthfully testify that Quentin was of sound mind when he appointed her, but she nevertheless convinces the court to uphold her status.
4113"Moot Point"Kevin BrayDaniel ArkinMarch 20, 2014 (2014-03-20)2.35[18]
As a gift to Harvey for helping him with Louis, Mike asks him to first chair a case because the opposing counsel, A. Elliot Stemple, is someone Harvey has never been able to beat. Stemple hints that he will be able to fix the case, and later confides in Harvey that he did the same in the two previous cases he won. But this is a ruse to get Harvey and Mike to bring evidence that works in favor of Stemple's client. Mike is able to find other evidence that turns the tables on Stemple and gets him to settle. Mike's celebration is short-lived, however, when Jessica says New York Lawyer magazine wants to interview the man responsible for making a Fortune 500 company publicly admit wrongdoing, and she says Mike's name must be removed from the case to avoid publicity that might lead to interrogation of his status. Thus, Mike is reminded that his career will always be working in the background. Elsewhere, Scottie manipulates Jessica into giving her a case that belonged to Louis, causing a rivalry between them. Louis and Katrina are unsuccessful in trying to gain the case back, and Louis fears his standing at the firm will be affected by the appearance that Scottie was able to bully him. Ultimately feeling he is left without recourse, he goes to Harvey to cash in the favor and get Scottie to give his case back. Harvey broaches the topic with Scottie, initially framing it as a genial request, which she rebuffs. Scottie correctly guesses that it has something to do with the favor Louis did for Harvey; she demands Harvey disclose what the favor was in exchange for her cooperation. Harvey is forced to refuse, invoking his seniority and implicitly making clear that her compliance is not up for discussion. The two realize that there are times when Harvey will have to speak to Scottie as a named partner, rather than as a boyfriend.
4214"Heartburn"James Whitmore, Jr.Aaron Korsh & Erica LipezMarch 27, 2014 (2014-03-27)2.53[19]
Louis suffers a heart attack in court. After recovering, he asks Sheila to marry him and she accepts. But when discussing their lives after marriage, the two find they want different things. After a meeting with Mike and Harvey, a Tony Gianapolis employee named Jonathan (Louis' client from earlier in the season) approaches Mike saying he wants out of Tony's company and plans to take his investment banking algorithm with him. Mike offers Jonathan off-the-books advice on how to get out of what appears to be an ironclad non-compete agreement, which gets him in hot water with Harvey because Gionopoulos is Harvey's client. Mike also discusses with Harvey his desire to go to law school and be legit, but Harvey says the only way that could work is if Mike attends law school away from the big cities and hangs up his shingle in a small town -- essentially knocking Mike out of "the big leagues". Jonathan gets out of his agreement with Tony and, impressed with Mike's intelligence, offers him a job that does not involve Mike being a lawyer. Meanwhile, Rachel tries to get Jessica to honor a verbal agreement Louis previously made that included then-Pearson Hardman paying Rachel's law school tuition.
4315"Know When to Fold 'Em"Anton CropperJon CowanApril 3, 2014 (2014-04-03)2.50[20]
A heartbroken Louis calls in sick and instructs Katrina to cover for him. Harvey and Scottie appear to patch things up over the incident with Louis' case. A man named James Quelling comes up with a "bullshit claim" against Marathon Footwear, a Pearson Specter client that is supposed to go public in a week. Meanwhile Mike tells Rachel about the job offer he got from Jonathan, but doesn't tell Harvey yet. While negotiating with Quelling, Harvey learns of his gambling habit. He later beats Quelling in a high-stakes poker game, and tells his opponent he'll leave him his winnings if he agrees to drop the case. Mike informs Harvey about Jonathan's offer, and is concerned when Harvey calmly tells him he should take the job. But Harvey is actually very worked up, causing him to snap at Scottie. Quelling returns the next day after discovering the agreement Mike made with Harold to pay off witnesses in the Hessington case, and he plans to take it to the New York Bar Association the next day (which would expose Mike) unless Harvey settles for the higher amount. Charles Van Dyke, Jessica's former name partner, appears out of the blue, making claims that his dividend check should be higher and suspecting fraud in Pearson Specter's books. Jessica asks for Louis' assistance, but Katrina wants to respect Louis' wishes that she cover for him. She tries to resolve the issue with the help of Rachel. Van Dyke sees through the comeback attempt designed by Katrina and Rachel, and makes a move to strongarm Jessica. Jessica fires Katrina, but after Rachel explains the situation, Jessica appeals to Louis to help her fight Van Dyke. Mike tells Harvey he plans to leave Pearson Specter. Harvey tells Donna he wants to tell Scottie about Mike because her anger over him keeping secrets is eating him up inside. But Donna convinces Harvey that Scottie will always be angry about something. Mike returns to Harvey's office saying he has paid his hacker to make him a member of the Bar, and he now wants to stay.
4416"No Way Out"Michael SmithAaron Korsh & Daniel ArkinApril 10, 2014 (2014-04-10)2.40[21]
The house of cards Harvey and Mike have built may finally come tumbling down when Mike is taken in for questioning by US Attorney Eric Woodall.  It seems that Woodall has got wind of the Hessington settlement, and the tenacious attorney smells blood.  But as Woodall soon makes clear, he doesn’t really want Mike; it’s Harvey he’s after, and he’s willing to make a deal with his protégé in order to get him. Mike has no intention of turning on his mentor, but as he and Harvey scramble to cover their bases it becomes evident that they still have a major liability on their hands, and his name is Harold Gunderson.  At the same time, news of Mike’s brush with Woodall causes the employees of Pearson Specter to take a hard look in the mirror, and they may not like what they see. Meanwhile, when Mike and Harold are arrested, Mike hopes his timid ex-colleague will toe the line.  But Woodall is a man who gets what he wants at any cost, and Harold starts to crack under the pressure. Eventually, Louis convinces him not to confess. At the end of the episode, Mike tells Harvey that he took Jonathan Sidwell's job offer.

text: Ratings[edit]

text:
No.

Title

Original air date

Time slot (EST)

Viewers(in millions)

Rating(Adults 18–49)

18-49 Rankon Cable

Note

1

"The Arrangement"

July 16, 2013 (2013-07-16)

Thursdays9:00 p.m.

2.93

1.1

#7

[6]

2

"I Want You to Want Me"

July 23, 2013 (2013-07-23)

2.88

1.0

#11

[7]

3

"Unfinished Business"

July 30, 2013 (2013-07-30)

2.47

0.9

#17

[8]

4

"Conflict of Interest"

August 6, 2013 (2013-08-06)

2.99

1.1

#12

[9]

5

"Shadow of a Doubt"

August 13, 2013 (2013-08-13)

2.79

0.9

#11

[10]

6

"The Other Time"

August 20, 2013 (2013-08-20)

2.76

1.0

#12

[11]

7

"She's Mine"

August 27, 2013 (2013-08-27)

2.79

1.0

#15

[12]

8

"Endgame"

September 3, 2013 (2013-09-03)

3.52

1.2

#4

[13]

9

"Bad Faith"

September 10, 2013 (2013-09-10)

2.95

0.9

#15

[14]

10

"Stay"

September 17, 2013 (2013-09-17)

3.16

1.0

#8

[15]

11

"Buried Secrets"

March 6, 2014 (2014-03-06)

2.27

0.8

#5

[16]

12

"Yesterday's Gone"

March 13, 2014 (2014-03-13)

2.27

0.7

#3

[17]

13

"Moot Point"

March 20, 2014 (2014-03-20)

2.35

0.7

#3

[18]

14

"Heartburn"

March 27, 2014 (2014-03-27)

2.53

0.7

#5

[19]

15

"Know When to Fold 'Em"

April 3, 2014 (2014-04-03)

2.50

0.8

#3

[20]

16

"No Way Out"

April 10, 2014 (2014-04-10)

2.40

0.7

#3

[21]


document_title: Beauty and the Beast (2017 film)

question_text: who plays belle in the original beauty and the beast

text: Beauty and the Beast (2017 film)

text: Plot[edit]

text: In Rococo-era France, an enchantress disguised as a beggar arrives at a ball and offers the host, a coldhearted prince, a rose for shelter. When he refuses, she transforms him into a beast and his servants into household objects, and erases the castle from the memories of their loved ones. She casts a spell on the rose and warns the prince that the curse will never lift unless he learns to love another, and earn their love in return, before the last petal falls.

text: Years later, in the village of Villeneuve, Belle dreams of adventure and brushes off advances from Gaston, an arrogant former soldier. Lost in the forest, Belle's father Maurice seeks refuge in the Beast's castle, but the Beast imprisons him for stealing a rose. Belle ventures out in search for him and finds him locked in the castle dungeon. The Beast agrees to let her take Maurice's place.

text: Belle befriends the castle's servants, who treat her to a spectacular dinner. When she wanders into the forbidden west wing and finds the rose, the Beast, enraged, scares her into the woods. She is cornered by wolves, but the Beast rescues her and is injured in the process. A friendship develops as Belle nurses his wounds. The Beast shows Belle a gift from the enchantress, a book that transports readers wherever they want. Belle uses it to visit her childhood home in Paris, where she discovers a plague doctor mask. Belle realises that she and her father were forced to leave her mother's deathbed as her mother succumbed to the plague.

text: In Villeneuve, Gaston sees rescuing Belle as an opportunity to win her hand in marriage and agrees to help Maurice. When Maurice learns of his ulterior motive and rejects him, Gaston abandons him to the wolves. Maurice is rescued by the beggar Agathe, but when he tells the townsfolk of Gaston's crime, Gaston convinces them to send Maurice to an insane asylum.

text: After sharing a romantic dance with the Beast, Belle discovers her father's predicament using a magic mirror. The Beast releases her to save Maurice, giving her the mirror to remember him with. At Villeneuve, Belle proves Maurice's sanity by revealing the Beast in the mirror to the townsfolk. Realizing that Belle loves the Beast, Gaston has her thrown into the asylum carriage with her father and rallies the villagers to follow him to the castle to slay the Beast. Maurice and Belle escape and Belle rushes back to the castle.

text: During the battle, Gaston abandons his companion LeFou, who then sides with the servants to fend off the villagers. Gaston attacks the Beast in his tower, who is too depressed to fight back, but regains his will upon seeing Belle return. He overpowers Gaston but spares his life before reuniting with Belle. However, Gaston fatally shoots the Beast from a bridge, but it collapses when the castle crumbles and he falls to his death. The Beast dies as the last petal falls and the servants become inanimate. When Belle tearfully professes her love to him, Agathe reveals herself as the enchantress and undoes the curse, repairing the crumbling castle and restoring the Beast's and servants' human forms and the villagers' memories. The Prince and Belle host a ball for the kingdom, where they dance happily.

text: Cast[edit]

text:
Emma Watson as Belle, a beautiful and benevolent bibliophile who develops feelings for the Beast and begins to see the humanity within him.

Daisy Duczmal portrays an infant Belle.

Dan Stevens as The Prince / Beast, a cold-hearted prince who is transformed into a hideous beast and forced to earn back his humanity by learning to truly love and be loved in return.[9][10]

Adam Mitchell[3] portrays the younger version of the Prince.

Luke Evans as Gaston, a narcissistic and arrogant hunter and veteran of the French Royal Army who is willing to go as far as it takes to have Belle as his trophy wife.
Kevin Kline as Maurice, Belle's protective widowed father.[11]

Jolyon Coy portrays the young Maurice.

Josh Gad as LeFou, Gaston's flamboyant and long-suffering sidekick who bolsters his friend's ego but gets very little in return.[12]
Ewan McGregor as Lumière, the Beast's charismatic bouteiller who has been transformed into a candelabra.[13]
Stanley Tucci as Maestro Cadenza, the neurotic court composer and Madame de Garderobe's husband who has been transformed into a harpsichord.[14]
Audra McDonald as Madame de Garderobe, a world-renowned opera singer and Cadenza's wife who has been transformed into a wardrobe.[15]
Gugu Mbatha-Raw as Plumette, one of the castle maids and Lumière's lover who has been transformed into a feather duster.[16]
Ian McKellen as Cogsworth, the Beast's gruff but loyal majordomo and the head of the household staff who has been transformed into a mantel clock.[17]
Emma Thompson as Mrs. Potts, the castle's motherly head housekeeper who has been transformed into a teapot.[11]
Hattie Morahan as Agathe, an impoverished hermit and resident of Villeneuve who, in reality, is the Enchantress responsible for cursing the Prince.[18] Morahan also narrates the prologue.

Rita Davies portrays the Enchantress in her beggar woman form.

Nathan Mack as Chip, Mrs. Potts' plucky son who has been transformed into a teacup.[19]
Adrian Schiller as Monsieur D'Arque, the sly warden of the local asylum who is bribed by Gaston to have Maurice institutionalized.[18]
Gerard Horan as Monsieur Jean Potts, an absent-minded potter and resident of Villeneuve who is later revealed to be Mrs. Potts' husband and Chip's father.
Haydn Gwynne as Clothilde, a fishmonger and resident of Villeneuve who is later revealed to be Cogsworth's wife.
Michael Jibson as the Tavern Keeper, the owner and keeper of Villeneuve's local tavern where Gaston and the village residents drink.
Ray Fearon as Père Robert, Villeneuve's local chaplain who encourages Belle to borrow the books in the chapel's meager library.
Sophie Reid, Rafaëlle Cohen, and Carla Nella as the Village Lasses, a trio of women who fawn over Gaston and have a jealousy for Belle.
Jimmy Johnston, Dean Street, and Alexis Loizon as Tom, Dick, and Stanley, a trio of men who serve as Gaston's henchmen.
Zoe Rainey as Belle's mother, Maurice's late wife who contracted the plague and died when Belle was an infant.
Clive Rowe as Cuisinier, the castle's head chef who has been transformed into a stove.
Gizmo as Frou-Frou, Maestro Cadenza's and Madame de Garderobe's pet Yorkshire Terrier who has been transformed into a footstool.
Thomas Padden as Chapeau, the Prince's valet who has been transformed into a coat rack.
Tom Turner[4] as The King, the Prince's father who, following his wife's death, raised his son to be just as selfish and arrogant as he was.
Harriet Jones as The Queen, the Prince's mother who died of an illness when he was a child.
Dale Branston as Baker, Villeneuve's residential baker.
Chris Andrew Mellon as Nasty Headmaster, the unnamed headmaster of an all boys school in Villeneuve that disapproves of Belle teaching a young girl how to read.
Vivian Parry as the Village Lass' Mother, an unnamed seamstress who is the mother of the Village Lasses.

tag: ul

text: Cast notes[edit]

text: ^ In the initial theatrical release, Mitchell was miscredited as Rudi Gooman in the cast, but listed under his real name in the soundtrack credits.[20]

text: ^ In the initial theatrical release, Turner is miscredited as Henry Garrett in the cast.[20]

text: Stephen Merchant also appeared in the film as Monsieur Toilette, a servant who was turned into a toilet. This character was cut from the film, but is featured in the deleted scenes.[21]

text: Production[edit]

text: Development[edit]

text: Previously, Disney had begun work on a film adaptation of the 1994 Broadway musical.[22][23] However, in a 2011 interview, composer Alan Menken stated the planned film version of the Beauty and the Beast stage musical "was canned".[24]

text: By April 2014, Walt Disney Pictures had already begun developing a new live-action version and remake of Beauty and the Beast after making other live-action fantasy films such as Alice in Wonderland, Maleficent, Cinderella and The Jungle Book.[25] In June 2014, Bill Condon was signed to direct the film from a script by Evan Spiliotopoulos.[26] Later in September of that same year, Stephen Chbosky (who had previously directed Watson in The Perks of Being a Wallflower) was hired to re-write the script.[27]

text: Before Condon was hired to direct the film, Disney approached him with a proposal to remake the film in a more radical way as Universal Studios had remade Snow White and the Huntsman (2012). Condon later explained that "after Frozen opened, the studio saw that there was this big international audience for an old-school-musical approach. But initially, they said, 'We're interested in a musical to a degree, but only half full of songs.' My interest was taking that film and doing it in this new medium—live-action—as a full-on musical movie. So I backed out for a minute, and they came back and said, 'No, no, no, we get it, let's pursue it that way.'"[28] Walt Disney Pictures president of production Sean Bailey credited Walt Disney Studios chairman Alan F. Horn with the decision to make the film as a musical: "We worked on this for five or six years, and for 18 months to two years, Beauty was a serious dramatic project, and the scripts were written to reflect that. It wasn't a musical at that time. But we just couldn't get it to click and it was Alan Horn who championed the idea of owning the Disney of it all. We realized there was a competitive advantage in the songs. What is wrong with making adults feel like kids again?"[29]

text: Casting[edit]

text: In January 2015, Emma Watson announced that she would be starring as Belle, the female lead.[30] Watson was the first choice of Walt Disney Studios chairman Alan F. Horn, as he had previously overseen Warner Bros. which released the eight Harry Potter films that co-starred Watson as Hermione Granger.[29] Two months later, Luke Evans and Dan Stevens were revealed to be in talks to play Gaston and the Beast respectively,[31][32] and Watson confirmed their casting the following day through tweets.[9][33] The rest of the principal cast, including Josh Gad, Emma Thompson, Kevin Kline, Audra McDonald, Ian McKellen, Gugu Mbatha-Raw, Ewan McGregor and Stanley Tucci were announced between March and April to play LeFou, Mrs. Potts, Maurice, Madame de Garderobe, Cogsworth, Plumette, Lumière and Cadenza, respectively.[12][11][15][17][16][13][14][34]

text: Susan Egan, who originated the role of Belle on Broadway, commented on the casting of Watson as "perfect".[35] Paige O'Hara, who voiced Belle in the original animated film and its sequels, offered to help Watson with her singing lessons.[36]

text: According to The Hollywood Reporter, Emma Watson was reportedly paid $3 million upfront, together with an agreement that her final take-home pay could rise as high as $15 million if the film generated gross box office income similar to Maleficent's $759 million worldwide gross.[37]

text: Filming[edit]

text: Principal photography on the film began at Shepperton Studios in Surrey, England, on May 18, 2015.[11][38][39] Filming with the principal actors concluded on August 21.[40][41] Six days later, co-producer Jack Morrissey confirmed that the film had officially wrapped production.[42]

text: The Beast was portrayed with a “more traditional motion capture puppeteering for the body and the physical orientation", where actor Dan Stevens was "in a forty-pound gray suit on stilts for much of the film". The facial capture for the Beast was done separately in order to "communicate the subtleties of the human face" and "[capture the] thought that occurs to him" which gets "through [to] the eyes, which are the last human element in the Beast.” The castle servants who are transformed into household objects were created with CGI animation.[6]

text: Before the release of the film, Bill Condon refilmed one certain sequence in the "Days of the Sun" number, due to confusion among test audiences caused by actress Harriet Jones, who looked similar to Hattie Morahan, who portrayed Agathe. In the original version of the scene, it was Jones's character, the Prince's mother, who sings the first verse of the song, with Rudi Goodman playing the young Prince and Henry Garrett playing his father; but in the reshot version of the scene, the singing part is given to the Prince (now played by Adam Mitchell). The King was also recast to Tom Turner, although Harriet Jones was still the Queen, albeit with dark hair. Both Goodman and Garrett's names were mistakenly featured in the original theatrical release's credits, but was later corrected in home releases.[20]

text: Music[edit]

text: When released in 1991, Beauty and the Beast marked a turning point for Walt Disney Pictures by appealing to millions of fans with its Oscar-winning musical score by lyricist Howard Ashman and composer Alan Menken. In Bill Condon's opinion, that original score was the key reason he agreed to direct a live-action version of the movie. "That score had more to reveal", he says, "You look at the songs and there's not a clunker in the group. In fact, Frank Rich described it as the best Broadway musical of 1991. The animated version was already darker and more modern than the previous Disney fairytales. Take that vision, put it into a new medium, make it a radical reinvention, something not just for the stage because it's not just being literal, now other elements come into play. It's not just having real actors do it".[43]

text: Condon initially prepared on only drawing inspiration from the original film, but he also planned to include most of the songs composed by Alan Menken, Howard Ashman and Tim Rice from the Broadway musical, with the intention of making the film as a "straight-forward, live-action, large-budget movie musical".[44] Menken returned to score the film's music, which features songs from the original film by him and Howard Ashman, plus new material written by Menken and Tim Rice.[45] Menken said the film will not include songs that were written for the Broadway musical and instead, created four new songs.[46] However, an instrumental version of the song "Home", which was written for the musical, is used during the scene where Belle first enters her room in the castle.[47]

text: On January 19, 2017, it was confirmed by both Disney and Céline Dion—singer of the original 1991 Beauty and the Beast duet song, with singer Peabo Bryson—that Dion would be performing one of the new original songs "How Does a Moment Last Forever" to play over the end titles.[48] She originally had doubts about whether or not to record the song due to the recent death of her husband and manager René Angélil, who had previously helped her secure the 1991 pop duet. While ultimately accepting the opportunity, she said: "[The] first Beauty and the Beast decision was made with my husband. Now I'm making decisions on my own. It's a little bit harder. I couldn't say yes right away, because I felt like I was kind of cheating in a way". She eventually felt compelled to record the song because of the impact Beauty and the Beast has had on her career. According to Dion, "I was at the beginning of my career, it put me on the map, it put me where I am today". Also, Josh Groban was announced to be performing the new original song "Evermore" on January 26, 2017.[49][50][51][52]

text: The 2017 film features a remake of the 1991 original song Beauty and the Beast recorded as a duet by Ariana Grande and John Legend.[53][54] Grande and Legend's updated version of the Beauty and the Beast title song is faithful to the original, Grammy-winning duet, performed by Céline Dion and Peabo Bryson for the 1991 Disney film.[55]

text: Emma Thompson also performed a rendition of "Beauty and the Beast", which was performed by Angela Lansbury in the original 1991 animated film release.[56]

text: Disney debuted the music video for Ariana Grande and John Legend's interpretation of the title song "Beauty and the Beast" on Freeform television network on March 5, 2017, and it has since attained over 100 million video views on the Vevo video-hosting service.[56]

text: Release[edit]

text: On March 16, 2015, Disney announced the film would be released in 3D on March 17, 2017.[11] The first official presentation of the film took place at Disney's three-day D23 Expo in August 2015.[57]

text: The world premiere of Beauty and the Beast took place on February 23, 2017, at Spencer House in London, England;[58] and the film later premiered at the El Capitan Theatre in Hollywood, California, on March 2, 2017. The stream was broadcast onto YouTube.

text: A sing along version of the film released in over 1,200 US theaters nationwide on April 7, 2017.[59] The United Kingdom received the same version on April 21, 2017.[citation needed]

text: Marketing[edit]

text: Disney spent around $140 million for marketing the film worldwide.[60] Following an announcement on May 22, 2016,[61] Disney premiered the first official teaser trailer on Good Morning America the next day.[62] In its first 24 hours, the teaser trailer reached 91.8 million views, which topped the number of views seen in that amount of time in history, including for the teasers for other films distributed by Disney such as Avengers: Age of Ultron, Star Wars: The Force Awakens and Captain America: Civil War.[63] This record has since been broken by Thor: Ragnarok and It.[64] The first official teaser poster was released on July 7, 2016.[65] On November 2, 2016, Entertainment Weekly debuted the first official image on the cover of their magazine for the week along with nine new photos as well.[66][67] One week later, Emma Watson and Disney debuted a new poster for the film.[68] On November 14, 2016, the first theatrical trailer was released again on Good Morning America.[69] The trailer reached 127.6 million views in its first 24 hours, setting a new record as the trailer with the most views in one day, beating out Fifty Shades Darker.[70] This record has since been broken again by The Fate of the Furious.[71] A TV spot with Watson singing was shown during the 74th Golden Globe Awards.[72] Disney released the final trailer on January 30, 2017.[73]

text: Home media[edit]

text: Beauty and the Beast was released on Blu-ray, DVD and Digital HD on June 6, 2017.[74] The film debuted at No. 1 on the NPD VideoScan overall disc sales chart, with all other titles in the top 20, collectively, selling only 40% as many units as Beauty and the Beast.[75] The movie regained the top spot on the national home video sales charts during its third week of release.[76] The movie became available on Netflix on September 19, 2017.

text: Reception[edit]

text: Box office[edit]

text: Beauty and the Beast grossed $504 million in the United States and Canada and $758.6 million in other territories for a worldwide gross of $1.262 billion.[a] With a production budget of $160 million, it is the second-most expensive musical ever made; only Hello, Dolly! (1969) with a budget of $25 million ($165 million in 2016 dollars) cost more.[4] In just ten days, it became the highest-grossing live-action musical of all time, beating the nine-year-old record held by Mamma Mia!. It is currently the second-biggest musical ever overall, behind Disney's Frozen (2013).[78] Worldwide, the film proved to be a global phenomenon, earning a total of $357 million over its four-day opening weekend from 56 markets. Critics said the film was playing like superhero movies amongst women. It was the second biggest March global opening, behind only Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice, the thirteenth-biggest worldwide opening ever and the seventh-biggest for Disney.[79] This includes $21 million from IMAX plays on 1,026 screens, a new record for an IMAX PG title.[80] It surpassed the entire lifetime total of the original film in just six days.[81][82]

text: Beauty and the Beast is the 300th digitally remastered release in IMAX company's history, which began with the re-release of Apollo 13 in 2002. Its robust global debut helped push the company past $6 billion for the first time,[83] and led to analysts believing that the film had a shot of passing $1 billion worldwide from theatrical earnings.[84][85][86][87] On April 12, it passed the $1 billion threshold, becoming the first film of 2017, the fourteenth Disney film, and the twenty-ninth film overall to pass the mark. It became the first film since Rogue One (also a Disney property) in December 2016 to make over a billion dollars, and did so on its twenty-ninth day of release.[88][89][90] It is currently the highest-grossing film of 2017,[91] the highest-grossing March release,[92] the highest-grossing remake of all-time,[93] and the fifth-biggest Disney film.[94] Even after inflation adjusted, it is still ahead of the $425 million gross ($760 million in 2017 dollars) of the original film.[93]

text: North America[edit]

text: In the United States and Canada, Beauty and the Beast topped Fandango's pre-sales and became the fastest-selling family film in the company's history, topping the studio's own animated film Finding Dory released the previous year. Early tracking had the film grossing around $100 million in its opening weekend, with some publications predicting it could reach $130 million.[95][96][97] By the time the film's release was 10 days away, analysts raised projections to as high as $150 million.[98][99] It earned $16.3 million from Thursday previews night, marking the biggest of 2017 (breaking Logan's record), the biggest ever for a Disney live-action film (breaking Maleficent's record), the second biggest ever for both a G or PG-rated film (behind the sixth Harry Potter film Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince which also starred Watson), and the third biggest ever in the month of March (behind Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice and The Hunger Games).[100] An estimated 41% of the gross came from IMAX, 3D and premium large format screenings which began at 6 pm, while the rest—59%—came from regular 2D shows which began at 7 p.m.[101] The numbers were considered more impressive given that the film played during a school week.[102]

text: On its opening day, the film made $63.8 million from 4,210 theaters across 9,200 screens, marking the third biggest in the month of March, trailing behind Batman v Superman ($81.5 million) and The Hunger Games ($67 million).[103][104] It was also the biggest opening day ever for a film that wasn't PG-13, displacing the $58 million opening Wednesday of Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince. Its opening day alone (which includes Thursday's previews) almost matched the entire opening weekend of previous Disney live-action films, Maleficent ($69.4 million) and Cinderella ($67.9 million).[105] Unlike all previous four Disney live-action films witnessing a hike on their second day, Saturday, Beauty and the Beast actually fell 2%, but nevertheless, the dip was paltry, and the grosses are so much bigger compared to the other titles.[83] Earning a total of $174.8 million on its opening weekend, it defied all expectations and went on to set numerous notable records.[106] This includes the biggest opening of the year as well as the biggest for the month of March and pre-summer/spring opening, beating Batman v Superman,[107][108] the biggest start ever for a PG title (also for a family film), surpassing Finding Dory,[109] the biggest debut of all time for a female-fueled film, ahead of The Hunger Games: Catching Fire,[110] the biggest for a Disney live-action adaptation, ahead of Alice in Wonderland[110] and the biggest musical debut ever, supplanting Pitch Perfect 2. Furthermore, it is also Watson's highest-opening, beating Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2 same with Emma Thompson, director Bill Condon's biggest debut ever ahead of The Twilight Saga: Breaking Dawn – Part 2 and the biggest outside of summer, save for Star Wars: The Force Awakens, not accounting for inflation.[106]

text: It became the forty-third film to debut with over $100 million and the fifteenth film to open above $150 million. Its three-day opening alone surpassed the entire original North American run of the first film ($146 million; before the 3D re-release), instantly becoming the second-biggest film of the year, behind Logan ($184 million), and also the second-highest-grossing musical, behind Grease's $188 million cumulative gross in 1978.[111] Seventy percent of the total ticket sales came from 2D showings signifying that people who don't go to theaters frequently came out in bulk to watch the film. About 26% of the remaining tickets were for 3D. IMAX accounted for 7% ($12.5 million) of the total weekend's gross, setting a new record for a PG title, ahead of Alice in Wonderland ($12.1 million) while PLF repped 11% of the box office.[83] Seventy percent of the film's opening day demographic was female, dropping to 60% through the weekend.[110] According polling service PostTrak, about 84 percent of American parents who saw the film on its opening day said they would "definitely" recommend it for families.[112][113] The film's opening was credited to positive word of mouth from audiences, good reviews from critics, effective marketing which sold the title not just as a family film but also as a romantic drama, the cast's star power (especially Emma Watson), lack of competition, being the first family film since The Lego Batman Movie a month earlier, nostalgia, and the success and ubiquity of the first film and Disney's brand.[112][114]

text: On Monday, its fourth day of release, the film fell precipitously by 72% earning $13.5 million. The steep fall was due to a limited marketplace where only 11% K-12 and 15% colleges were off per ComScore. Nevertheless, it is the second-biggest March Monday, behind Batman v Superman ($15 million).[115] This was followed by the biggest March and pre-summer Tuesday with $17.8 million, a 32% increase from its previous day. The same day, the film passed $200 million in ticket sales.[116] It earned $228.6 million in the first week of release, the sixth-biggest seven-day gross of all time.[117] In its second weekend, the film continued to maintain the top positioning and fell gradually by 48% earning another $90.4 million to register the fourth-biggest second weekend of all time, and the third-biggest for Disney.[118] In terms of percentage drop, its 48% decline is the third-smallest drop for any film opening above $125 million (behind Finding Dory and The Force Awakens).[78] The hold was notable considering how the film was able to fend off three new wide releases: Power Rangers, Life, and CHiPs.[119] As a result, it passed the $300 million threshold becoming the first film of 2017 the pass said mark.[120] The film grossed $45.4 million in its third weekend, finally being overtaken for the top spot by newcomer The Boss Baby ($50.2 million).[121] On April 4, 2017, its nineteenth day of release, it passed the $400 million threshold becoming the first film of 2017 to do so.[122] By its fourth weekend, the film began was playing in 3,969 cinemas, a fall of 241 theaters from its previous weekend. Of those, approximately 1,200 cinemas were sing-along versions. It earned $26.3 million (-48%) and retained second place. By comparison, previous Disney films Moana (−8%) and Frozen (−2%) both witnessed mild percentage declines the weekend their sing-alone versions were released.[123] Its seventh weekend of release was in contemporaneous with another Emma Watson-starring new film The Circle.[124] That weekend, The Circle was number four, while Beauty and the Beast was at number six.[125] By May 28, the film had earned over $500 million in ticket sales becoming the first (and currently only) film of 2017, the third female-fueled film (after The Force Awakens and Rogue One: A Star Wars Story followed by Wonder Woman) and the eighth overall film in cinematic history to pass the mark.[126][127][128]

text: It has already become the biggest March release, dethroning The Hunger Games (2012),[129] the biggest musical film (both animated and live-action),[130] as well as the biggest film of 2017.[131]

text: Outside North America[edit]

text: Internationally, the film began playing on Thursday, March 16, 2017. Through Sunday, March 19, it had a total international opening of $182.3 million from 55 markets, 44 of which were major territories, far exceeding initial estimations of $100 million and opened at No. 1 in virtually all markets except Vietnam, Turkey, and India. Its launch is the second-biggest for the month of March, behind Batman v Superman ($256.5 million). In IMAX, it recorded the biggest debut for a PG title (although it carried varying certificate amongst different markets) with $8.5 million from 649 screens, the second-biggest for a PG title behind The Jungle Book.[132] In its second weekend, it fell just by 35% earning another $120.6 million and maintaining its first position hold. It added major markets like France and Australia.[133] It topped the international box office for three consecutive weekends[134] before finally being dethroned by Ghost in the Shell and The Boss Baby in its fourth weekend. Despite the fall, the film helped Disney push past the $1 billion thresold internationally for the first time in 2017.[135][90]

text: It scored the biggest opening day of the year in Hong Kong and the Philippines, the biggest March Thursday in Italy ($1 million, also the biggest Disney Thursday debut), the biggest March opening day in Austria, and the second-biggest in Germany ($1.1 million), Disney's biggest March in Denmark, the biggest Disney live-action debut in China ($12.6 million), the UK ($6.2 million), Mexico ($2.4 million) and Brazil ($1.8 million) and the third-biggest in South Korea with $1.2 million, behind only Pirates of the Caribbean: At World's End and Pirates of the Caribbean: On Stranger Tides.[136][137] In terms of opening weekend, the largest debut came from China ($44.8 million), followed by the UK ($24.3 million), Korea ($11.8 million), Mexico ($11.8 million), Australia ($11.1 million), Brazil ($11 million), Germany ($10.7 million), France ($8.4 million), Italy ($7.6 million), Philippines ($6.3 million), Russia ($6 million) and Spain ($5.8 million).[132][133]

text: In the United Kingdom and Ireland, the film recorded the biggest opening ever for a PG-rated film, the biggest Disney live-action opening of all time, the biggest March opening weekend, the biggest opening for a musical (ahead of 2012's Les Misérables), the number one opening of 2017 to date and the fifth-biggest-ever overall with £19.7 million ($24.5 million) from 639 theatres and almost twice that of The Jungle Book (£9.9 million).[138] This included the second-biggest Saturday ever (£7.9 million), only behind Star Wars: The Force Awakens.[139] It witnessed a decline in its second weekend, earning £12.33 million ($15.4 million). Though the film was falling at a faster rate than The Jungle Book, it had already surpassed the said film and its second weekend is the third-biggest ever (behind the two James Bond films Skyfall (2012) and Spectre).[140][133] In India, despite facing heavy competitions from four new Hindi releases, two Tamils films and a Malayalam and a Punjabi release, the film managed to take an occupancy of 15% on its opening day, an impressive feat despite tremendous competitions.[141][142][143] It earned around ₹1.5 crore (US$230,000) nett on its opening day from an estimated 600 screens which is more than the three Hindi releases—Machine, Trapped, and Aa Gaya Hero—combined.[144] Disney reported a total of ₹9.26 crore (US$1.4 million) gross for its opening weekend there. It was ahead of all new releases and second overall behind Bollywood film Badrinath Ki Dulhania.[145][146][147] In Russia, despite receiving a restrictive 16 rating, the film managed to deliver a very successful opening with $6 million.[148]

text: In China, expectations were high for the film. The release date was announced on January 24, giving Disney and local distributor China Film Group Corporation ample time—around two months—to market the film nationwide. The release date was strategically chosen to coincide with White Day. Preliminary reports suggested that it could open to $40–60 million in its opening weekend. Largely driven by young women, its opening day pre-sales outpaced that of The Jungle Book.[149] The original film was, however, never widely popular in the country.[150] Although China has occasionally blocked gay-themed content from streaming video services, in this case, Chinese censors decided to leave the gay scene intact. According to local box office tracker Ent Group, the film grossed an estimated $12.1 million on its opening day (Friday), representing 70% of the total receipts. Including previews, it made a total of $14.5 million from 100,000 screenings, which is 43% of all screenings in the country.[151] It climbed to $18.5 million on Saturday (102,700 showings) for a three-day total of $42.6 million, securing 60% of the total marketplace. Disney on the other hand reported a different figure of $44.8 million.[152][153] Either ways, it recorded the second-biggest opening for a Disney live-action film,[150] with $3.4 million coming from 386 IMAX screens.[132] Japan—a huge Disney market—served as the film's final market and opened there on April 21.[133] It debuted with a better-than-expected $12.5 million on its opening weekend helping the film push past the $1.1 billion threshold. An estimated $1.1 million came from IMAX screenings, the fourth-biggest ever in the country.[154][155] The two-day gross was $9.7 million, outstripping Frozen's previous record of $9.5 million.[156] Due to positive reviews, good word-of-mouth and benefitting from the Golden Week, the film saw a 9% increase on its second weekend. The hold was strong enough to fend off newcomer The Fate of the Furious from securing the top spot. The total there is now over $98 million after seven weekends[157][158][159] and is the biggest film release of the year and, overall, the eleventh-biggest of all time.[160] It topped the box office there for eight consecutive weekends.[161][162]

text: The only markets where the film did not top the weekend charts were Vietnam (behind Kong: Skull Island), Turkey (with two local movies and Logan ahead) and India (where Badrinath Ki Dulhania retained No. 1).[132] It topped the box office for four straight weekends in Germany, Korea, Austria, Finland, Poland, Portugal, Brazil, Venezuela, Bolivia, Switzerland and the UK (exclusive of previews).[135][163] In the Philippines, it emerged as the most successful commercial film of all time—both local and foreign—with over $13.5 million.[164] In just five weeks, the film became one of the top 10 highest-grossing film of all time in the United Kingdom and Ireland, ahead of all but one Harry Potter film (Deathly Hallows – Part 2) and all three The Lord of the Rings movies (which also starred Ian McKellen).[165] It is currently the eighth-biggest grosser with £70.1 million ($90 million), overtaking Mamma Mia! to become the biggest musical production ever there.[154][166] The biggest international earning markets following the UK are Japan ($108 million), China ($85.8 million), Brazil ($41.5 million), Korea ($37.5 million), and Australia ($35 million).[161] In Europe alone, the cumulative total is $267 million to become the second-highest-grossing film in the past year (behind Rogue One: A Star Wars Story).[154][157][167]

text: Critical response[edit]

text: Beauty and the Beast received generally positive reviews, with praise for the faithfulness to the original film with a few elements of the Broadway musical version, cast performances, visuals, Jacqueline Durran's costume designs, Alan Menken's musical score and songs, though the designs of the Beast and the servants' household object forms received mixed reviews.[168][169] On review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 71% based on 294 reviews, with an average rating of 6.6/10. The site's critical consensus reads, "With an enchanting cast, beautifully crafted songs, and a painterly eye for detail, Beauty and the Beast offers a faithful yet fresh retelling that honors its beloved source material."[170] On Metacritic, the film has a score of 65 out of 100, based on 47 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews".[171] In CinemaScore polls, audiences gave the film an average grade of "A" on an A+ to F scale.[172][173]

text: Leslie Felperin of The Hollywood Reporter wrote: "It's a Michelin-triple-starred master class in patisserie skills that transforms the cinematic equivalent of a sugar rush into a kind of crystal-meth-like narcotic high that lasts about two hours." Felperin also praised the performances of Watson and Kline as well the special effects, costume designs and the sets while commended the inclusion of Gad's character of LeFou as the first LGBT character in Disney.[174] Owen Gleiberman of Variety, in his positive review of the film, wrote: "It's a lovingly crafted movie, and in many ways a good one, but before that it's an enraptured piece of old-is-new nostalgia." Gleiberman compared Steven's character of the Beast to a royal version of the titular character in The Elephant Man and the 1946 version of the Beast in Jean Cocteau's original adaptation.[175] A. O. Scott of The New York Times praised the performances of both Watson and Stevens, and wrote: "It looks good, moves gracefully and leaves a clean and invigorating aftertaste. I almost didn't recognize the flavor: I think the name for it is joy."[176] Likewise, The Washington Post's Ann Hornaday complimented Watson's performance, describing it as "alert and solemn" while noting her singing ability as "serviceable enough to get the job done".[177] Richard Roeper of Chicago Sun-Times awarded the film three and a half stars, lauded the performances of Watson and Thompson which he drew a comparison to Paige O'Hara's and Angela Lansbury's performances in the 1991 animated version while appreciating the performances of the other cast and also pointing out on its usage of the combination of motion capture and CGI technology as a big advantage which he stated: "Almost overwhelmingly lavish, beautifully staged and performed with exquisite timing and grace by the outstanding cast".[178] Mike Ryan of Uproxx praised the cast, production design and the new songs while noting the film doesn't try anything different, saying: "There's certainly nothing that new about this version of Beauty and the Beast (well, except it isn't a cartoon anymore), but it's a good recreation of a classic animated film that should leave most die-hards satisfied."[179] In her A- review, Nancy Churnin of The Dallas Morning News praised the film's emotional and thematic depth, remarking: "There's an emotional authenticity in director Bill Condon's live-action Beauty and the Beast film that helps you rediscover Disney's beloved 1991 animated film and 1994 stage show in fresh, stirring ways."[180]

text: Brian Truitt of USA Today commended the performances of Evans, Gad, McGregor and Thompson alongside Condon's affinity with musicals, the production design, visual effects featured in some of the song numbers including new songs made by the composers Alan Menken and Tim Rice, particularly Evermore which he described the new song with a potential for an Academy Award for Best Original Song.[181] Peter Travers of Rolling Stone rated the film three out of four stars which he deemed it as an "exhilarating gift" while he remarked that "Beauty and the Beast does justice to Disney's animated classic, even if some of the magic is M.I.A (Missing in Action)."[182] Stephanie Zacharek of Time magazine gave a positive review with a description as "Wild, Vivid and Crazy-Beautiful" as she wrote "Nearly everything about Beauty and the Beast is larger than life, to the point that watching it can be a little overwhelming." and added that "it’s loaded with feeling, almost like a brash interpretive dance expressing the passion and elation little girls (and some boys, too) must have felt upon seeing the earlier version."[183] The San Francisco Chronicle's Mick LaSalle struck an affirmative tone, calling it one of the joys of 2017, stating that "Beauty and the Beast creates an air of enchantment from its first moments, one that lingers and builds and takes on qualities of warmth and generosity as it goes along" while referring the film as "beautiful" and also praised the film for its emotional and psychological tone as well Steven's motion capture performance.[184] Tim Robey of The Daily Telegraph gave the film four stars out of five and wrote that "It dazzles on this chocolate box of a picture that feels almost greedy yet to make this film work, down to a sugar-rush finale to grasp the nettle and make an out-an-out, bells-and-whistles musical" while he praised the performances of Watson, McKellen, Thompson, McGregor, Evans and Gad.[185] Mark Hughes of Forbes also similarly praised the film which he wrote that "it could revive the story in a faithful but entirely new and unique way elevating the material beyond expectations, establishing itself as a cinematic equal to the original" and also complimented the importance of undertaking a renowned yet problematic masterpiece as well addressing changes in the elements of the story while acknowledging the film's effectiveness in resonating to the audiences.[186]

text: Several critics regarded the film as inferior to its 1991 animated predecessor. David Sims of The Atlantic wrote that the 2017 film "feels particularly egregious, in part, because it’s so slavishly devoted to the original; every time it falls short of its predecessor (which is quite often), it’s hard not to notice".[187] Michael Phillips of the Chicago Tribune said that the 2017 film "takes our knowledge and our interest in the material for granted. It zips from one number to another, throwing a ton of frenetically edited eye candy at the screen, charmlessly." Phillips wrote that the film featured some "less conspicuously talented" performers who are "stuck doing karaoke, or motion-capture work of middling quality", though he praised Kline's performance as the "best, sweetest thing in the movie; he brings a sense of calm, droll authority".[188] Peter Bradshaw of The Guardian praised Watson's performance and wrote that the film was "lit in that fascinatingly artificial honey-glow light, and it runs smoothly on rails—the kind of rails that bring in and out the stage sets for the lucrative Broadway touring version." In the same newspaper, Wendy Ide criticized the film as "ornate to the point of desperation" in its attempt to emulate the animated film.[189][190]

text: Chris Nashawaty of Entertainment Weekly gave the film a B-, writing that while the film looks "exceptionally great", he sensed that the new songs were "not transporting". He felt the film needed more life and depth, but praised Watson's and Steven's performances as the "film’s stronger elements".[191] Dana Schwartz of The New York Observer felt that some of the characters, such as Gaston and the Beast, had been watered down from the 1991 film, and that the additional backstory elements failed to "advance the plot or theme in any meaningful way" while adding considerable bloat. Schwartz considered the singing of the cast to be adequate but felt that their voices should have been dubbed over, especially for the complex songs.[192]

text: Accolades[edit]

text:
Award
Date of ceremony
Category
Recipient(s) and nominee(s)
Result
Ref.

MTV Movie & TV Awards
May 7, 2017
Movie of the Year
Beauty and the Beast
Won
[193]

Best Actor in a Movie
Emma Watson

Best Kiss
Emma Watson and Dan Stevens
Nominated

Best Duo
Josh Gad and Luke Evans

Golden Trailer Awards
June 6, 2017
Best Animation/Family
Beauty and the Beast
[194]

Best Original Score

Best Animation/Family TV Spot

Best Fantasy Adventure TV Spot

Teen Choice Awards
August 13, 2017
Choice Movie: Fantasy
Won
[195]
[196]

Choice Movie: Fantasy Actor
Dan Stevens
Nominated

Choice Movie: Fantasy Actress
Emma Watson
Won

Choice Movie Villain
Luke Evans

Choice Movie Ship
Emma Watson and Dan Stevens

Choice Liplock

Choice Scene Stealer
Josh Gad
Nominated

Choice Hissy Fit
Luke Evans

Dan Stevens

text: Controversies[edit]

text: Gay character[edit]

text: Controversy erupted after director Bill Condon said there was a "gay moment" in the film, when LeFou briefly waltzes with Stanley, one of Gaston's friends.[197] Afterwards in an interview with Vulture.com, Condon stated, "Can I just say, I’m sort of sick of this. Because you’ve seen the movie—it's such a tiny thing, and it’s been overblown." Condon also added that Beauty and the Beast features much more diversity than just the highly talked-about LeFou: "That was so important. We have interracial couples—this is a celebration of everybody's individuality, and that’s what’s exciting about it.”[198] GLAAD president and CEO Sarah Kate Ellis praised the move stating, "It is a small moment in the film, but it is a huge leap forward for the film industry."[199]

text: In Russia, Vitaly Milonov agitated the culture minister for banning the film,[200] but instead it was given a 16+ rating (children under the age of 16 can only be admitted to see it in theaters with accompanying adults).[201] Additionally, a theater in Henagar, Alabama did not screen the film because of the subplot.[202] In Malaysia, the Film Censorship Board insisted the "gay moment" scene be cut, prompting an indefinite postponement of its release by Disney, followed by their decision to withdraw it completely if it could not be released uncensored.[203][204][205] The studio moved the release date to March 30, to allow more time for Malaysia's censor board to make a decision on whether or not to release the film without changes.[206] The distributors and producers then submitted an appeal to the Film Appeal Committee of Malaysia, which allowed the film to be released without any cuts and a P13 rating on the grounds that the "gay element" was minor and did not affect the positive elements featured in the film.[207][208] In Kuwait, the movie was withdrawn from cinemas by National Cinema Company which owns most of the cinemas in the country. A board member of the company stated that the Ministry of Information's censorship department had requested it to stop its screening and edit it for things deemed offensive by it.[209]

text: There were also a number of boycotts against the film. A call to boycott on LifePetitions received over 129,000 signatures,[210] while the American Family Association featured a petition to boycott with the film, asking the public to help crowdfund a CGI version of Pilgrim's Progress instead.[211]

text: Belle and the Beast's relationship[edit]

text: Disney has sought to portray Belle as an empowered young woman,[212] but a debate questioning whether it is possible to fall in love with someone who is holding you prisoner, and whether this is a problematic theme, has resulted.[213] As was the case with the original animated film, one argument is that Belle suffers from Stockholm syndrome (a condition that causes hostages to develop a psychological alliance with their captors as a survival strategy during captivity). Emma Watson studied whether Belle is trapped in an abusive relationship with the Beast before signing on and concluded that she does not think the criticism fits this version of the folk tale.[214][215] Watson described Stockholm Syndrome as "where a prisoner will take on the characteristics of and fall in love with the captor. Belle actively argues and disagrees with [Beast] constantly. She has none of the characteristics of someone with Stockholm Syndrome because she keeps her independence, she keeps that freedom of thought", also adding that Belle defiantly "gives as good as she gets" before forming a friendship and romance with the Beast.[216]

text: Psychiatrist Frank Ochberg, who coined the term "Stockholm syndrome", said he does not think Belle exhibits the trauma symptoms of prisoners suffering from the syndrome because she does not go through a period of feeling that she is going to die.[217] Some therapists, while acknowledging that the pairing's relationship does not meet the clinical definition of Stockholm syndrome, argue that the relationship depicted is dysfunctional and abusive and does not model healthy romantic relationships for young viewers.[218][219] Constance Grady of Vox writes that Jeanne-Marie Leprince de Beaumont's Beauty and the Beast was a fairy tale originally written to prepare young girls in 18th-century France for arranged marriages, and that the power disparity is amplified in the Disney version.[220] Anna Menta of Elite Daily argued that the Beast does not apologize to Belle for imprisoning, hurting, or manipulating her, and his treatment of Belle is not painted as wrong.[221]

text: Notes[edit]

text: ^ Jump up to: a b Beauty and the Beast at Box Office Mojo. Retrieved August 14, 2017.

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