document_title: Diving suit

question_text: what is the purpose of a wet suit

question_tokens: what is the purpose of a wet suit

text: Diving suit

text: History[edit]

text: The first diving suit designs appeared in the early 18th century. Two English inventors developed the first pressure-proof diving suits in the 1710s. John Lethbridge built a completely enclosed suit to aid in salvage work. It consisted of a pressure-proof air-filled barrel with a glass viewing hole and two watertight enclosed sleeves.[2] This suit gave the diver more maneouverability to accomplish useful underwater salvage work.

text: After testing this machine in his garden pond (specially built for the purpose) Lethbridge dived on a number of wrecks: four English men-of-war, one East Indiaman (both English and Dutch), two Spanish galleons and a number of galleys. He became very wealthy as a result of his salvages. One of his better-known recoveries was on the Dutch Slot ter Hooge, which had sunk off Madeira with over three tons of silver on board.[3]

text: At the same time, Andrew Becker created a leather-covered diving suit with a helmet featuring a window. Becker used a system of tubes for inhaling and exhaling, and demonstrated his suit in the River Thames, London, during which he remained submerged for an hour.

text: German-born British engineer Augustus Siebe developed the standard diving dress in the 1830s. Expanding on improvements already made by another engineer, George Edwards, Siebe produced his own design - a helmet fitted to a full length watertight canvas diving suit. Later suits were made from waterproofed canvas invented by Charles Mackintosh. From the late 1800s and throughout most of the 20th century, most standard dress was made from a sheet of solid rubber laminated between layers of tan twill.[4]

text: Dry suits made of latex rubber were used in World War II by Italian frogmen who found them indispensable. They were made by Pirelli and patented in 1951.[5]

text: Ambient pressure suits[edit]

text: Ambient pressure suits are a form of exposure protection protecting the wearer from the cold. They also provide some defence from abrasive and sharp objects as well as potentially harmful underwater life. They do not protect divers from the pressure of the surrounding water or resulting barotrauma and decompression sickness.

text: There are five main types of ambient pressure diving suits; dive skins, wetsuits and their derivative semi-dry suit and hot-water suits, and dry suits. Apart from hot water suits, these types of suit are not exclusively used by divers but are often used for thermal protection by people engaged in other water sports activities such as surfing, sailing, powerboating, windsurfing, kite surfing, waterskiing, caving and swimming.

text: Added buoyancy due to the volume of the suit is a side effect of most diving suits. A diving weighting system can be worn to counteract this buoyancy.

text: Dive skins[edit]

text: Dive skins are used when diving in water temperatures above 25 °C (77 °F). They are made from spandex or Lycra and provide little thermal protection, but do protect the skin from jellyfish stings, abrasion and sunburn. This kind of suit is also known as a 'Stinger Suit'. Some divers wear a dive skin under a wetsuit, which allows easier donning and (for those who experience skin problems from neoprene) provides additional comfort.[6]

text: The "Dive Skin" was originally invented to protect scuba divers in Queensland Australia against the "Box" jellyfish (Chironex fleckeri)[citation needed]

text: In 1978, Tony Farmer was a swimsuit designer and manufacturer who owned a business called "Daring Designs". Besides swimwear he also did underwear and aerobic wear which included a full suit in Lycra/Spandex. He became a scuba diver and that was the catalyst to the invention of the "dive skin" as we know it today.[citation needed]

text: Wetsuits[edit]

text: Wetsuits are relatively inexpensive, simple, expanded neoprene suits that are typically used where the water temperature is between 10 and 25 °C (50 and 77 °F). The foamed neoprene of the suit thermally insulates the wearer.[7][8] Although water can enter the suit, a close fitting suit prevents excessive heat loss because little of the water warmed inside the suit escapes from the suit to be replaced by cold water, a process referred to as "flushing".

text: Proper fit is critical for warmth. A suit that is too loose will allow a large amount of water to circulate over the diver's skin, taking up body heat. A suit that is too tight is very uncomfortable and can impair circulation at the neck, a very dangerous condition which can cause blackouts. For this reason, many divers choose to have wetsuits custom-tailored instead of buying them "off the rack". Many companies offer this service and the cost is often comparable to an off-the-rack suit.

text: Wetsuits are limited in their ability to preserve warmth by three factors: the wearer is still exposed to some water, the suit is compressed by the ambient pressure, reducing effectiveness at depth, and the insulating neoprene can only be made to a certain thickness before it becomes impractical to don and wear. The thickest commercially available wetsuits are usually 10 mm thick. Other common thicknesses are 7 mm, 5 mm, 3 mm, and 1 mm. A 1 mm suit provides very little warmth and is usually considered a dive skin, rather than a wetsuit. Wetsuits can be made using more than one thickness of neoprene, to put the most thickness where it will be most effective in keeping the diver warm. A similar effect can be achieved by layering wetsuits of different coverage. Some makes of neoprene are softer, lighter and more compressible than others for the same thickness, and are more suitable for wetsuits for non-diving purposes as they will compress and lose their insulating value more quickly under pressure, though they are more comfortable for surface sports because they are more flexible and allow more freedom of movement.[9]

text: Semi-dry suits[edit]

text: Semi-dry suits are effectively a thick wetsuit with nearly watertight seals at wrist, neck and ankles and zip. They are typically used where the water temperature is between 10 and 20 °C (50 and 68 °F). The seals limit the volume of water entering and leaving the suit, and a close fit minimises pumping action caused by limb motion. The wearer gets wet in a semi-dry suit but the water that enters is soon warmed up and does not readily leave the suit, so the wearer remains warm. The trapped layer of water does not add to the suit's insulating ability, and any water circulation past the seals still causes heat loss, but semi-dry suits are cheap and simple compared to dry suits, and do not fail catastrophically. They are made from thick Neoprene, which provides good thermal protection, but lose buoyancy and thermal protection as the trapped gas bubbles in the neoprene foam compress at depth. Semi-dry suits are usually made as a one piece full suit with slick inside surface neoprene wrist, cuff and neck seals Two-piece sets tend to be a one piece full length suit, sometimes described as "long johns", plus accessories to be worn over, under or with the one-piece suit, such as a shortie tunic, which may be worn separately in warm water, but has no flush-limiting seals at the openings. Semi dry suits do not usually include hoods, boots or gloves, so separate insulating hoods, boots and gloves are worn.[10][11]

text: Hot water suits[edit]

text: Hot water suits are used in cold water commercial surface supplied diving.[12] A hose in the umbilical line, which links the diver to the surface support, carries the hot water from a heater on the surface down to the suit. The diver controls the flow rate of the water from a valve near his waist, allowing him to vary the warmth of the suit in response to changes in environmental conditions and workload. Tubes inside the suit distribute the water to the limbs, chest, and back. Special boots, gloves, and hood are worn. These suits are normally made of foamed neoprene and are similar to wetsuits in construction and appearance, but they do not fit as closely by design. The wrists and ankles of the suit are open, allowing water to flush out of the suit as it is replenished with fresh hot water from the surface.[13]

text: Hot water suits are often employed for extremely deep dives when breathing mixes containing helium are used. Helium conducts heat much more efficiently than air, which means that the diver will lose large quantities of body heat through the lungs when breathing it. This fact compounds the risk of hypothermia already present in the cold temperatures found at these depths. Under these conditions a hot water suit is a matter of survival, not comfort. Just as an emergency backup source of breathing gas is required, a backup water heater is also an essential precaution whenever dive conditions warrant a hot water suit. If the heater fails and a backup unit cannot be immediately brought online, a diver in the coldest conditions can die within minutes; depending on decompression obligations, bringing the diver directly to the surface could prove equally deadly.[13]

text: Heated water in the suit forms an active insulation barrier to heat loss, but the temperature must be regulated within fairly close limits. If the temperature falls below about 32 °C, hypothermia can result, and temperatures above 45 °C can cause burn injury to the diver. The diver may not notice a gradual change in inlet temperature, and in the early stages of hypo- or hyperthermia, may not notice the deteriorating condition.[13] The suit is loose fitting to allow unimpeded water flow. This causes a large volume of water (13 to 22 litres) to be held in the suit, which can impede swimming due to the added inertia.[13] When controlled correctly, the hot water suit is safe, comfortable and effective, and allows the diver adequate control of thermal protection, however hot water supply failure can be life-threatening.[13]

text: Dry suits[edit]

text: Dry suits[14][15][16] are used typically where the water temperature is between −2 and 15 °C (28 and 59 °F). Water is prevented from entering the suit by seals at the neck and wrists; also, the means of getting the suit on and off (typically a zipper) is waterproof. The suit insulates the wearer in one of two main ways: by maintaining an insulating layer of air in the undersuit between the body and the suit shell, (in exactly the way that thermal insulation garments work above water) or by using a watertight expanded neoprene suit shell, which is inherently insulating in the same way as a wet suit, and which can usually be worn with additional insulating undergarments.

text: Both fabric and neoprene drysuits have advantages and disadvantages: a fabric drysuit is more adaptable to varying water temperatures because different garments can be layered underneath. However, they are quite bulky and this causes increased drag and swimming effort. Additionally, if a fabric drysuit malfunctions and floods, it loses nearly all of its insulating properties. Neoprene drysuits are comparatively streamlined like wetsuits, but in some cases do not allow garments to be layered underneath and are thus less adaptable to varying temperatures. An advantage of this construction is that even it if floods completely, it essentially becomes a wetsuit and will still provide a degree of insulation.

text: Special dry suits (typically made of strong rubberised fabric) are worn by commercial divers who work in contaminated environments such as sewage or hazardous chemicals. The hazmat dry suit has integral boots and is sealed to a diving helmet and dry gloves to prevent any contact with the hazardous material.

text: Constant volume dry suits have a system allowing the suit to be inflated to prevent "suit squeeze" caused by increasing pressure and to prevent excessive compression of the insulating undergarments. They also have vents allowing the excess air to escape from the suit during ascent.[17]

text: For additional warmth, some dry suit users inflate their suits with argon, an inert gas which has superior thermal insulating properties compared to air.[18] The argon is carried in a small cylinder, separate from the diver's breathing gas. This arrangement is frequently used when the breathing gas contains helium, which is a very poor insulator in comparison with other breathing gases.

text: Diving suit combinations[edit]

text: A "shortie" wetsuit may be worn over a full wetsuit for added warmth. Some vendors sell a very similar item and refer to it as a 'core warmer' when worn over another wetsuit. A "skin" may also be worn under a wetsuit. This practice started with divers (of both sexes) wearing body tights under a wetsuit for extra warmth and to make donning and removing the wetsuit easier. A "skin" may also be as an undersuit beneath a drysuit in temperatures where a full undersuit is not necessary.[citation needed]

text: Atmospheric diving suits[edit]

text: An atmospheric diving suit is a small one-man articulated submersible of anthropomorphic form which resembles a suit of armour, with elaborate pressure joints to allow articulation while maintaining an internal pressure of one atmosphere.

text: These can be used for very deep dives for long periods without the need for decompression, and eliminate the majority of physiological dangers associated with deep diving. Divers do not even need to be skilled swimmers. Mobility and dexterity are usually restricted by mechanical constraints, and the ergonomics of movement are problematic.


document_title: Lark Rise to Candleford (TV series)

question_text: who plays sydney on lark rise to candleford

root

text: Lark Rise to Candleford (TV series)

text: Premise[edit]

text: The series is set in the small Oxfordshire hamlet of Lark Rise and the wealthier neighbouring market town of Candleford towards the end of the 19th century.  The series chronicles the daily lives of farm workers, craftsmen, and gentry, observing the characters in loving, boisterous, and competing communities of families, rivals, friends, and neighbours.

tag: p

text: The story is seen through the eyes of a teenage girl, Laura Timmins (Olivia Hallinan), as she leaves Lark Rise to start a new life under the wing of her mother's cousin, the independent and effervescent Dorcas Lane (Julia Sawalha), who is Post Mistress at the local Post Office in Candleford. Through these two characters, viewers experience the force of friendship as Laura and Dorcas see each other through the best and worst of times.

text: Cast[edit]

text: Main cast[edit]

text:
Character
Portrayed by
Seasons

Series 1
Series 2
Series 3
Series 4

Dorcas Lane
Julia Sawalha
Main

Laura Timmins
Olivia Hallinan
Main

Emma Timmins
Claudie Blakley
Main

Robert Timmins
Brendan Coyle
Main
N/A

Victoria May 'Queenie' Warrener Turrill
Linda Bassett
Main

Thomas 'Twister' Turrill
Karl Johnson
Main

Thomas Brown
Mark Heap
Main

Margaret Ellison Brown
Sandy McDade
Recurring
Main

Caroline Arless
Dawn French
Main
N/A
Main

Alf Arless
John Dagleish
Main

Winifred 'Minnie' Mude
Ruby Bentall
N/A
Main

Zillah
Liz Smith
Main
N/A

Prudence 'Pearl' Pratt
Matilda Ziegler
Main

Ruth 'Ruby' Pratt
Victoria Hamilton
Main

Sir Timothy Midwinter
Ben Miles
Main
N/A

Lady Adelaide Midwinter
Olivia Grant
Main
N/A
Guest
N/A

Phillip White
Oliver Jackson-Cohen
Main
N/A

Mr. Paxton
Gerard Horan
Main
N/A

Matthew Welby
Stephen Marcus
Main
N/A

James Dowland
Jason Merrells
N/A
Main
N/A

Nan Carter
Rebecca Night
N/A
Main
N/A

Daniel Parish
Ben Aldridge
N/A
Main

Gabriel Cochrane
Richard Harrington
N/A
Main

Narrator (Adult Laura Timmins)
Sarah Lancashire
Recurring

Edmund Timmins
Thomas Rhys Jones
Recurring

Frank Timmins
Fergus Drysdale
Recurring

Ethel Timmins
Martha Murdoch
Recurring

Sally Arless
Sophie Miles
Recurring

Lizzie Arless
Hope Yeomans
Recurring

Archie Arless
Harry Miles
Recurring
N/A

Sydney Dowland
Edward Darnell-Hayes (Oscar Lloyd in 1 episode in Series 2)
N/A
Guest
Recurring

Fisher Bloom
Matthew McNulty
N/A
Recurring
N/A

tag: table

text: Casting notes[edit]

text: From Series 1 to 3, the cast were credited alphabetically. Series 4 cast members were billed in the order of prominence within each episode.

text: Dawn French is credited as a main cast member in every episode in which she appears; in series 2 and series 4 she appears in one episode.

text: Although they appear in almost every episode, the actors playing the Timmins (Edmund, Frank and Ethel) and Arless (Lizzie, Archie and Sally) children as well as Sydney Dowland are not credited as main cast members.

text: Guest stars[edit]

text:
Lorraine Ashbourne as Lil Spicer (Series 2, 1 episode)
Samantha Bond as Celestia Brice-Coulson (Series 2, 1 episode)
Rosie Cavaliero as Mrs Mullins (Series 3, 1 episode)
Camille Coduri as Patty (Series 1, 1 episode)
Tom Conti as Mr. Reppington (Series 3, 1 episode)
Ben Daniels as Mr. Rushton (Series 1, 1 episode)
Phil Davis as Arthur Ashlow (Series 1, 1 episode)
Oliver Dimsdale as George Ellison (Series 2, 4 episode)
Michelle Fairley as Elizabeth Patterson (Series 2, 10 episode)
Burn Gorman as Benedict Marley (Series 4, 1 episode)
Nigel Harman as Samuel Braby (Series 1, 1 episode)
Matthew McNulty as Fisher Bloom (Series 2, 3 episodes; Series 3, 2 episodes)
Stephen Campbell Moore as James Delafield (Series 1, 1 episode)
Hattie Morahan as Miss Enid (Series 3, 1 episode)
Ronald Pickup as Old Peg Leg (Series 3, 1 episode)
Robert Pugh as Walter Arless (Series 2, 1 episode; mentioned throughout Series 1)
Paul Ritter as Mr Steerforth (Series 4, 1 episode)
Claire Skinner as Mrs Macey (Series 1, 2 episodes)
Sheridan Smith as Cinderella Doe (Series 2, 1 episode)
Maggie Steed as Mrs Herring (Series 2, 1 episode)
Peter Vaughan as Reverend Ellison (Series 1, 2 episodes)
Danny Webb as Mr Macey (Series 1, 1 episode)

tag: ul

text: Filming[edit]

text: Interior scenes were shot in a warehouse on Beeches Industrial Estate, in Yate, South Gloucestershire. The villages of Lark Rise and Candleford were both created from scratch on farms in Box and Neston Park, near Corsham in Wiltshire.[5] According to the BBC planning application, Hatt Farm in Box was used because of its proximity to existing cornfields and farm buildings, and Park Farm in Neston Park was chosen for its unspoilt character and attractive traditional buildings.[6]

text: The outdoor filming at these locations for the first series took 25 days, spread over a 5-month period.[6] The country scenes, including all the comings and goings of the lord of the manor, were shot at Chavenage House north of Tetbury, Gloucestershire.[7][8]

text: Episodes[edit]

text: Series 1 (2008)[edit]

text:
#

Episode

Writer

Director

Original air date

Viewing figure[9]
1"Episode 1"Bill GallagherCharles Palmer13 January 2008 (2008-01-13)7.27 million
Young country girl Laura Timmins leaves her friends and family in the hamlet of Lark Rise to start her first job at the post office in the nearby town of Candleford. Postmistress Dorcas Lane gives Laura a warm welcome, but other residents of Candleford aren't so generous. When Lark Rise residents challenge the post office's 'eight-mile rule' that forces them to pay for delivery of telegrams, Laura finds herself torn between communities. By the quiet intervention of Dorcas, a way is found for the hamlet to be included within the limit. The episode ends with the inhabitants celebrating their victory.
2"Episode 2"Bill GallagherCharles Palmer20 January 2008 (2008-01-20)7.01 million
Postwoman Mrs Macey receives news that her husband Dan has escaped from prison. Before long the whole town is abuzz with gossip, and Mrs Macey fears that the damage to her reputation will force her to leave Candleford. Meanwhile, her son Freddy has been secretly meeting a mysterious stranger in the woods. The stranger turns out to be Dan, but he is persuaded to turn himself in to the local squire and magistrate.
3"Episode 3"Bill GallagherCharles Palmer27 January 2008 (2008-01-27)6.66 million
When local widower Old Amos buys lace gloves for his maid Patty, Dorcas and Laura become suspicious that she may be after just his money. Robert refuses to let his children sing a song in praise of the Tories at the local church concert, which results in their being banned from the concert altogether. Robert's stubbornness incurs the wrath of his children, family and even the village.
4"Episode 4"Paul RutmanJohn Greening3 February 2008 (2008-02-03)6.72 million
A strange old man arrives in Candleford looking for his estranged daughters — who turn out to be Ruby and Pearl Pratt. Horrified to see him out in public, playing scams on the local residents, the girls must decide whether they can forgive him for deserting them when they needed him most. Meanwhile, Caroline is being pursued by a bailiff collecting debts for the brewery.
5"Episode 5"Bill GallagherCharles Palmer10 February 2008 (2008-02-10)6.85 million
Dorcas is thrown by the surprise arrival of a new Post Office inspector, Mr Rushton, who starts to unearth anomalies in the way Dorcas runs the Post Office. Robert has been carving a decorative angel on the schoolhouse for which he is not getting paid.
6"Episode 6"Bill GallagherJohn Greening17 February 2008 (2008-02-17)6.68 million
Robert takes pity on a homeless family and brings them to stay at his house for the night. In the morning the family have departed, leaving their little daughter Polly behind. Lady Adelaide meets the girl and falls in love with her, wanting to adopt her, but Sir Tim thinks that adopting Polly would be inappropriate. Tim takes Polly to the Post Office where everyone struggles to think of a solution to the problem.  Twister's delusions grow worse as he sees visions of his dead sister, and Queenie worries about his health.
7"Episode 7"Carolyn BonnymanMarc Jobst24 February 2008 (2008-02-24)6.70 million
The residents rally around Susan Braby when they realise her husband Sam has hit her. Meanwhile, Timothy commissions Matthew to make new gates for the manor, Adelaide becomes frustrated with how much time Tim is spending with Dorcas and decides to cancel the order for the gates, and Laura brings Phillip home for tea.
8"Episode 8"Gaby ChiappeMarc Jobst2 March 2008 (2008-03-02)6.48 million
A violent storm hits Lark Rise and Candleford, and the arrival of a new teacher, Mr Delafield, causes divisions in the two communities.  Mr Delafield's radical views raise plenty of eyebrows in Candleford, while in Lark Rise he endears himself to the residents. When Dorcas delivers some books to Mr Delafield they initially rub each other up the wrong way, but this tension soon turns to chemistry.
9"Episode 9"Bill GallagherJohn Greening9 March 2008 (2008-03-09)6.21 million
Queenie finds a beautiful embroidered panel on a grave that has the residents of Lark Rise and Candleford intrigued. Twister starts dreaming of everything he could buy if they sold the panel, while Dorcas and Sir Tim set about getting to the bottom of the mystery of who created it. Alf and Phillip's rivalry continues.
10"Episode 10"Bill GallagherJohn Greening23 March 2008 (2008-03-23)6.25 million
It is Zillah's birthday and all her friends and locals visit the post office for a party. Tensions mount between Dorcas and Sir Tim as painful truths about the past begin to surface and Dorcas decides to sell the post office. Phillip becomes increasingly possessive of Laura and she expresses doubts about their relationship.

text: Series 2 (2008–2009)[edit]

text:
#

Episode

Writer

Director

Original air date

Viewing figure
11"Episode 1" (75-minute Christmas special)Bill GallagherAlan Grint21 December 2008 (2008-12-21)6.58 million
Lark Rise and Candleford are transformed as the inhabitants prepare for the Christmas festivities. However, loyalties are tested as the arrival of the ghost of a ragged, bare-footed young woman drives residents to speak difficult truths amid the gift giving and carol singing.
12"Episode 2"Bill GallagherAlan Grint4 January 2009 (2009-01-04)6.53 million
James Dowland is the new man in town who takes the woes of the Lark Rise tenants under his wing. He also takes the heart of Dorcas Lane into his keeping, while putting Candleford on the map with the opening of a new hotel.  Robert Timmins is suspicious of Dowland's motives, and is less than accepting of his financial help. Emma Timmins and the other Lark Rise tenants are, however, more than happy to see the return of a once Lark Rise boy.  Meanwhile, Dorcas has her own heart strings pulled with her new maid, Minnie. Minnie can do no right; she means well, but with her troubled past she struggles to contain her excitement, testing Dorcas and those around her to the end.
13"Episode 3"Bill GallagherAlan Grint11 January 2009 (2009-01-11)6.13 million
Battling with conflicting emotions towards new arrival James Dowland, Dorcas Lane sets out to defeat the dashing property developer in the parish council elections.  Meanwhile, the grind of making ends meet in Lark Rise proves too much for Robert and Emma Timmins, and Robert's reluctance to change grows stronger.
14"Episode 4"Carolyn BonnymanMaurice Phillips18 January 2009 (2009-01-18)6.49 million
The death of Miss Ellison's father unites the communities of Lark Rise and Candleford, but amid the sadness Miss Ellison is confronted by her brother George, whom she blames for her father's death.  Overwhelmed with grief, Miss Ellison is oblivious to Thomas Brown's affections for her and his desire for her hand in marriage.  Eventually Thomas assists in effecting a reconciliation between brother and sister.
15"Episode 5"Bill GallagherJulian Holmes25 January 2009 (2009-01-25)6.31 million
Time rests heavy on the residents of Lark Rise and Candleford, as baby Annie Timmins stirs up emotions of days gone by and loves yet to be found.  And with Emma Timmins feeling the strains of family life, Dorcas Lane offers to lend a helping hand, unaware of the consequences that her generosity will bring. Meanwhile, newcomer Fisher Bloom arrives to build the candleford clock on Mr Dowland's orders, and stirs up mixed feelings in Laura.
16"Episode 6"Gaby ChiappeMoira Armstrong1 February 2009 (2009-02-01)6.54 million
Lark Rise and Candleford rally round to show support for Laura's new role in the post office when Dorcas Lane is taken ill, but Laura feels pressure mounting when anonymous letters begin to arrive.  Minnie sees the delivery of one of the letters, and fears that her past is catching up with her.  Dorcas and Laura help Minnie to escape the threat presented by her brutal father.
17"Episode 7"Gaby ChiappeSue Tully8 February 2009 (2009-02-08)6.14 million
Lark Rise and Candleford anticipate with the inauguration of a clock, paid for by James Dowland.  But when Robert Timmins loses his stonemason's tools, his means to work is lost, and there is a possibility that Fisher Bloom may leave Candleford unless Laura can find a way to stop him.
18"Episode 8"Kate GartsideAlan Grint15 February 2009 (2009-02-15)6.20 million
The hot summer brings a surprise visitor to Candleford in the form of Celestia Brice Coulson, who stays at the Golden Lion Hotel and becomes acquainted with Dorcas Lane. Dorcas has other things on her mind, however, when she begins 'walking out' with James Dowland.  And in Lark Rise, Emma's father, Old Edmund, arrives for his birthday. But problems arise when Emma asks him to live with them permanently.
19"Episode 9"Kate GartsideDavid Tucker22 February 2009 (2009-02-22)6.32 million
A feud between Lark Rise and the neighbouring village of Fordlow has been simmering for three generations, but it takes young love to bring the two communities together and save the day. In Candleford, the path of true love runs less smoothly for Thomas and Miss Ellison; will they ever set the date for the wedding?
20"Episode 10"Carolyn BonnymanPatrick Lau1 March 2009 (2009-03-01)6.34 million
Every autumn, Constable Patterson is used to his wife taking to her bed with a mysterious illness. But this year is different, as she gives him permission to seek a new wife. The constable has no intention of doing any such thing, until a Pratt sister in distress sets his heart soaring; however, the other sister grows jealous and angry, especially when her sister is presented with a very unusual present.
21"Episode 11"Gaby ChiappePaul Marcus8 March 2009 (2009-03-08)6.78 million
A sudden storm reveals a secret romance, but also makes the address on a letter indecipherable. When Dorcas pursues the identity of the letter's recipient, she reveals another secret: a child, kept hidden even from his own father.
22"Episode 12"Bill GallagherMoira Armstrong15 March 2009 (2009-03-15)6.47 million
James Dowland is confined to his hospital bed when his son arrives in Candleford, and Dorcas welcomes the boy into the post office, doing everything she can to make him feel at home.  But this causes a great deal of turmoil when James is released from hospital to be reunited with his son.

text: Series 3 (2010)[edit]

text:
#

Episode

Writer

Director

Original air date

Viewing figure
23"Episode 1"Bill GallagherSue Tully10 January 2010 (2010-01-10)7.49 million
A young journalist, Daniel Parish, arrives in Lark Rise with exciting news for the Timmins family: Emma is set to inherit a fortune, enough to move the family to a big house in Candleford. Daniel plans to write their rags to riches story for his newspaper, but Dorcas is suspicious of his motives, and when the article is published, it sends shockwaves through the community.
24"Episode 2"Bill GallagherDavid Tucker17 January 2010 (2010-01-17)7.07 million
The Bishop is coming to consecrate the church font and Thomas cannot contain his excitement. But when a Lark Rise tree starts to 'bleed', the hamlet becomes rife with talk of witchcraft, and Thomas is horrified. Dorcas loses her composure and makes a blunder with terrible consequences for Pearl and Ruby. Also, Laura is thrown off balance when Daniel returns to try to win back her affections — but first he has to get around an angry Robert and Emma.
25"Episode 3"Gaby ChiappePatrick Lau24 January 2010 (2010-01-24)6.94 million
Alf throws a party to celebrate moving into a cottage of his own. He entertains his guests with a new song, and its haunting words have a profound effect on all of them. Edmund rebels against his parents; Thomas and Margaret have their first marital tiff; and Dorcas's plans to prepare Minnie for marriage and motherhood backfire terribly.
26"Episode 4"Gaby ChiappePatrick Lau31 January 2010 (2010-01-31)6.82 million
It's harvest time — the most important time of the year in Lark Rise, when everyone helps to bring in the wheat that will feed them through winter. So when an epidemic hits, it couldn't come at a worse time — with so many sick, how will they gather the wheat and prevent a winter of starvation? For Lark Rise, help comes from an unlikely source. But just when it looks as though their problems are solved, they discover the worst is yet to come.
27"Episode 5"Bill GallagherMoira Armstrong7 February 2010 (2010-02-07)6.98 million
There's a mystery in town as Mr. Reppington takes residence in the Golden Lion but remains firmly isolated from the world, and Dorcas Lane is determined to find out why. Emma Timmins fears that the romance has gone out of her marriage and worries over a possible secret admirer, whilst Daniel Parish believes there may be more to Mr. Reppington than meets the eye, not least a story that could make his career. Meanwhile, Ruby Pratt agonizes over whether she should at last leave Candleford to meet her suitor in Pontefract, but cannot face telling her sister Pearl.
28"Episode 6"Bill GallagherSue Tully14 February 2010 (2010-02-14)7.02 million
Daniel has opened a newspaper in Candleford and is on the lookout for a big story. So when old Peg Leg, a Crimean War veteran, arrives for his annual visit to the Timmins', and Daniel learns he has received no war pension, he starts a newspaper campaign against this injustice. But just as Peg Leg's plight looks set to become a national cause celebre, Emma learns that he is not all he seems, a discovery that threatens to break hearts and destroy Daniel's new venture.
29"Episode 7"Bill GallagherPaul Seed21 February 2010 (2010-02-21)6.83 million
The locals are rehearsing for their annual production of St. George and the Dragon when they hear rumours that Sir Timothy has returned. They are thrilled at the prospect of performing it for the squire himself, but with the play fast approaching and no sign of Sir Timothy, Dorcas decides to pay him a visit. She finds only Lady Adelaide. As the two women come face to face they are forced to confront their shared history, learning more about each other than they could have imagined.
30"Episode 8"Rachel BennetteDavid Innes Edwards28 February 2010 (2010-02-28)6.88 million
Pearl is in a state of panic. She has received a dressmaking commission which could save her ailing business, but without Ruby, there is no way she can do the work in time. So when Enid, a talented seamstress, arrives in Candleford looking for a job, it seems Pearl's prayers have been answered. Pearl and Enid form an instant bond, based on mutual admiration and respect. But when Pearl discovers the seamstress is not who she says she is, she is forced to choose between their friendship and her deepest prejudices.
31"Episode 9"Bill GallagherSue Tully7 March 2010 (2010-03-07)6.61 million
When the Lark Rise school loses its teacher, Emma steps in and discovers a talent she never knew she had. But Margaret also covets the role of schoolteacher, and the two women become rivals for the job. Over in Candleford, Thomas and Dorcas are at odds. The postman is agitating for better working conditions, and Dorcas isn't taking it well.
32"Episode 10"Bill GallagherPatrick Lau14 March 2010 (2010-03-14)6.33 million
When the local Lark Rise gossip Mrs. Mullins discovers her daughter Emily is pregnant, she leaps to the conclusion that Daniel is the father. Everyone, including Laura, rallies round to defend him. But when Daniel's behaviour starts to arouse suspicion, and people begin to doubt him, Dorcas is determined to uncover the truth.
33"Episode 11"Bill GallagherPatrick Lau21 March 2010 (2010-03-21)6.39 million
Mischief Night is approaching and the folks of Lark Rise and Candleford are excitedly planning tricks to play on their neighbours. But Laura is in no mood for silly pranks — Fisher Bloom has returned, intent on winning her back, and it has thrown her feelings for Daniel into turmoil.
34"Episode 12"Bill GallagherSue Tully28 March 2010 (2010-03-28)6.51 million
When the postmaster at Inglestone, with an old score to settle, tries to force Dorcas into selling up, she is faced with the heartbreaking prospect of losing her home and denying Sydney his dream of running the post office one day.

text: Series 4 (2011)[edit]

text:
#

Episode

Writer

Director

Original air date

Viewing figure
35"Episode 1"Bill GallagherSue Tully9 January 2011 (2011-01-09)7.68 million
Gabriel Cochrane, the once-wealthy owner of a large iron foundry arrives in Candleford. The bank has repossessed his home and business, his young wife has died, and Gabriel finds himself looking for a new start. The people of Candleford take him to their hearts, and Dorcas offers him a job and a home. But will their kindness be enough to save him, or will he let his vendetta against the bank, and his grief over his dead wife, prevent him rebuilding his fortunes and finding happiness again?
36"Episode 2"Bill GallagherSue Tully16 January 2011 (2011-01-16)7.31 million
When Daniel announces that his newspaper is launching a poetry competition, it sends the inhabitants of Candleford into a frenzy of creative excitement. Laura has high hopes of taking home the trophy and begins writing feverishly; Pearl indulges in plagiarism after her own efforts are found wanting; and even Margaret embarks upon an epic poem based on her husband’s postal rounds.
37"Episode 3"Bill GallagherSue Tully23 January 2011 (2011-01-23)7.02 million
Thomas is euphoric when he lands the job of organising the church bazaar. But his joy soon evaporates when the vicar falls ill, and the controversial and free-thinking curate Reverend Marley takes charge. Thomas is convinced that Marley is evil incarnate, and when he comes across a snake on his postal rounds, he sees it as a sign that the devil is indeed amongst them.
38"Episode 4"Rachel BennettePatrick Lau30 January 2011 (2011-01-30)6.90 million
The Fair has come to town, and the locals are celebrating - Alf has been crowned King of the Fair, while Queenie has won a whole Berkshire pig! The Lark Risers start fattening up the pig in preparation for a sumptuous pig feast, but Twister cannot resist the temptation of selling off-cuts of the animal to the people of Candleford. At the post office, Gabriel is proving to be a less than perfect house guest; can Dorcas adapt to having a man under her roof? And will Twister survive the wrath of Queenie when she discovers he has sold her pig from under her?
39"Episode 5"Bill GallagherSue Tully6 February 2011 (2011-02-06)6.96 million
Daniel is planning a cricket match against a neighbouring village team, who he is convinced cheated in their last match. He is determined to restore Candleford's honour, but most of Daniel's regular players are away, and the men of Lark Rise are cricketing novices. A humiliating defeat looks certain, until Daniel discovers that the finest batsman in the county is right under his nose. The only problem is, his batsman is a batswoman, and the rules state women cannot play.
40"Episode 6"Bill GallagherSue Tully13 February 2011 (2011-02-13)7.01 million
Gabriel has finally completed the machine which he hopes will restore his fortunes, and farmers are soon clamouring to buy his ingenious invention. Dorcas is delighted for him, until she realises it could mean his departure from Candleford. Meanwhile, Caroline has returned to Lark Rise, and Minnie assumes it's only a matter of time before Alf comes to propose, now that his ma is back to look after her children. But will Caroline settle this time, and allow Alf his freedom? And how will Gabriel react to a surprising admission from Dorcas?

text: Cancellation[edit]

text: It was announced on 22 January 2011 that the show would not be returning for a fifth series.[4] The decision caused viewer complaints, prompting BBC One controller Danny Cohen to say, "Lark Rise to Candleford has been a truly wonderful part of the BBC One schedule and we are incredibly grateful to writer Bill Gallagher and the team. But we feel the time is right to make room for new dramas which we hope will be taken to the nation's hearts in the same way."[10]

text: Following that announcement, many viewers took to setting up and signing online campaigns to see the show recommissioned.[11] In response, Ben Stephenson of the BBC finally announced the decision was based on the departure of writer and executive producer Bill Gallagher, whose "creative energy" was considered essential to the series.[12]

text: DVD and Blu-ray releases[edit]

text:
DVD release

Release date

Blu-ray release

Release date

No of discs

No of episodes

The Complete First Series

7 April 2008

The Complete First Series

20 April 2009

4

10

The Complete Second Series

20 April 2009

The Complete Second Series

26 April 2010

4

12

The Complete Series 1–2

11 January 2010

N/A

N/A

1

22

The Complete Third Series

26 April 2010

The Complete Third Series

26 April 2010

4

12

The Complete Series 1–3

26 April 2010

N/A

N/A

1

34

The Complete Fourth Series

7 March 2011

The Complete Fourth Series

TBA

1

6

The Complete Series 1–4

7 March 2011

The Complete Series 1–4

TBA

14

40


document_title: List of Billboard Hot 100 chart achievements and milestones

question_text: who has had the most number one hits of all time

question_tokens: who has had the most number one hits of all time

text: List of Billboard Hot 100 chart achievements and milestones

text: All-Time Hot 100 achievements (1958–2018)

text: In 2008, for the 50th anniversary of the Hot 100, Billboard magazine compiled a ranking of the 100 best-performing songs on the chart over the 50 years, along with the best-performing artists.[1][2] In 2013, Billboard revised the rankings for the chart's 55th anniversary edition.[3] In 2015, Billboard revised the rankings again.[4] In 2018, the rankings were revised again for the Billboard chart's 60th anniversary.[5] Shown below are the top 10 songs and top 10 artists over the 57-year period of the Hot 100, through July 2018. Also shown are the artists placing the most songs on the overall "all-time" top 100 song list.

text: Top 10 songs of All-Time (1958–2018)

text:
Rank

Single

Year(s) released

Artist(s)

Peak and duration

1.

"The Twist"

1960, 1961*

Chubby Checker

#1 for 3 weeks

2.

"Smooth"

1999

Santana featuring Rob Thomas

#1 for 12 weeks

3.

"Mack the Knife"

1959

Bobby Darin

#1 for 9 weeks

4.

"Uptown Funk"

2015

Mark Ronson featuring Bruno Mars

#1 for 14 weeks

5.

"How Do I Live"

1997

LeAnn Rimes

#2 for 4 weeks

6.

"Party Rock Anthem"

2011

LMFAO featuring Lauren Bennett & GoonRock

#1 for 6 weeks

7.

"I Gotta Feeling"

2009

The Black Eyed Peas

#1 for 14 weeks

8.

"Macarena (Bayside Boys mix)"

1996

Los Del Rio

#1 for 14 weeks

9.

"Shape of You"

2017

Ed Sheeran

#1 for 12 weeks

10.

"Physical"

1981

Olivia Newton-John

#1 for 10 weeks

text:
* – re-released
Source:[6]

text: Top 10 Hot 100 artists of All-Time (1958–2018)

text:
Rank

Artist

1.

The Beatles

2.

Madonna

3.

Elton John

4.

Elvis Presley

5.

Mariah Carey

6.

Stevie Wonder

7.

Janet Jackson

8.

Michael Jackson

9.

Whitney Houston

10.

Rihanna

text: Artists with the most songs on Billboard's Top 100 Hits of All-Time (1958–2018)

text:
Number of  songs

Artist

Songs (ranking)

3

Lionel Richie

"Endless Love" (18), "Say You, Say Me" (94), "All Night Long" (96)

Boyz II Men

"I'll Make Love to You" (22), "One Sweet Day" (38), "End of the Road" (55)

Bee Gees

"How Deep Is Your Love" (25), "Night Fever" (42), "Stayin' Alive" (59)

Paul McCartney

"Silly Love Songs" (40), "Say Say Say" (44), "Ebony and Ivory" (76)

2

Bruno Mars

"Uptown Funk" (4), "Just the Way You Are" (82)

The Black Eyed Peas

"I Gotta Feeling" (7), "Boom Boom Pow" (56)

Ed Sheeran

"Shape of You" (9), "Perfect" (91)

The Beatles

"Hey Jude" (12), "I Want to Hold Your Hand" (48)

Mariah Carey

"We Belong Together" (14), "One Sweet Day" (38)

Diana Ross

"Endless Love" (18), "Upside Down" (80)

Andy Gibb

"I Just Want to Be Your Everything" (29), "Shadow Dancing" (49)

Marvin Gaye

"Let's Get It On" (41), "I Heard It Through the Grapevine" (84)

Michael Jackson

"Say Say Say" (44), "Billie Jean" (86)

Pharrell Williams

"Blurred Lines" (51), "Happy" (79)

Elton John

"Candle In the Wind 1997" (52), "That's What Friends Are For" (78)

Stevie Wonder

"Ebony and Ivory" (76), "That's What Friends Are For" (78)

text: Song milestones

text: Most weeks at number one on the Billboard Hot 100

text:
Number of  weeks

Artist(s)

Song

Year(s)

16

Mariah Carey and Boyz II Men

"One Sweet Day"

1995–96

Luis Fonsi and Daddy Yankee featuring Justin Bieber

"Despacito"

2017

14

Whitney Houston

"I Will Always Love You"

1992–93

Boyz II Men

"I'll Make Love to You"

1994

Los del Río

"Macarena" (Bayside Boys mix)

1996

Elton John

"Candle in the Wind 1997" /  "Something About the Way You Look Tonight"

1997

Mariah Carey

"We Belong Together"

2005

The Black Eyed Peas

"I Gotta Feeling"

2009

Mark Ronson featuring Bruno Mars

"Uptown Funk"

2015

13

Boyz II Men

"End of the Road"

1992

Brandy and Monica

"The Boy Is Mine"

1998

12

Santana featuring Rob Thomas

"Smooth"

1999–2000

Eminem

"Lose Yourself"

2002–03

Usher featuring Lil Jon and Ludacris

"Yeah!"

2004

The Black Eyed Peas

"Boom Boom Pow"

2009

Robin Thicke featuring T.I. and Pharrell

"Blurred Lines"

2013

Wiz Khalifa featuring Charlie Puth

"See You Again"

2015

The Chainsmokers featuring Halsey

"Closer"

2016

Ed Sheeran

"Shape of You"

2017

11

All-4-One

"I Swear"

1994

Toni Braxton

"Un-Break My Heart"

1996–97

Puff Daddy and Faith Evans featuring 112

"I'll Be Missing You"

1997

Destiny's Child

"Independent Women Part I"

2000–01

Drake

"God's Plan"

2018

10

Debby Boone

"You Light Up My Life"

1977

Olivia Newton-John

"Physical"

1981–82

Santana featuring The Product G&B

"Maria Maria"

2000

Ashanti

"Foolish"

2002

Nelly featuring Kelly Rowland

"Dilemma"

Kanye West featuring Jamie Foxx

"Gold Digger"

2005

Beyoncé

"Irreplaceable"

2006–07

Flo Rida featuring T-Pain

"Low"

2008

Rihanna featuring Calvin Harris

"We Found Love"

2011–12

Pharrell Williams

"Happy"

2014

Adele

"Hello"

2015–16

Drake featuring Wizkid and Kyla

"One Dance"

2016

text: Pre-Hot 100 Notes:

text:
In 1956, Elvis Presley's "Hound Dog" / "Don't Be Cruel" was number 1 on the "Best Sellers in Stores" and "Most Played in Jukeboxes" charts for 11 weeks.
In 1955, The McGuire Sisters' "Sincerely" was number 1 on the "Most Played by Jockeys" chart for 10 weeks.
In 1955, Pérez Prado's "Cherry Pink and Apple Blossom White" was number 1 on the "Best Sellers in Stores" chart for 10 weeks.

text: Most weeks at number two (without hitting number one)

text:
Number of  weeks

Artist(s)

Song

Year(s)

Kept off of number-one by

10

Foreigner

"Waiting for a Girl Like You"

1981–82

"Physical" (Olivia Newton-John), "I Can't Go for That (No Can Do)" (Hall & Oates) [9]

Missy Elliott

"Work It"

2002–03

"Lose Yourself" (Eminem) [10]

9

Donna Lewis

"I Love You Always Forever"

1996

"Macarena (Bayside Boys Remix)" (Los del Río) [11]

Shania Twain

"You're Still the One"

1998

"Too Close" (Next),[12] "The Boy Is Mine" (Brandy and Monica) [10]

8

Shai

"If I Ever Fall in Love"

1992–93

"I Will Always Love You" (Whitney Houston)

Deborah Cox

"Nobody's Supposed to Be Here"

1998–99

"I'm Your Angel" (R. Kelly featuring Celine Dion), "Have You Ever?" (Brandy)

Brian McKnight

"Back at One"

1999–2000

"Smooth" (Santana featuring Rob Thomas) [10]

Mario Winans featuring Enya and P. Diddy

"I Don't Wanna Know"

2004

"Yeah!" (Usher featuring Lil Jon and Ludacris), "Burn" (Usher)

Ed Sheeran

"Thinking Out Loud"

2015

"Uptown Funk!" (Mark Ronson featuring Bruno Mars) [10]

text: Most total weeks in the top ten

text: The following songs have spent 26 or more weeks in the top ten.

text:
Number of  weeks

Artist(s)

Song

Year(s)

Source

33

Ed Sheeran

"Shape of You"

2017

[14]

32

LeAnn Rimes

"How Do I Live"

1997–98

[14]

The Chainsmokers featuring Halsey

"Closer"

2016–17

[14]

31

Mark Ronson featuring Bruno Mars

"Uptown Funk"

2014–15

[14]

30

Santana featuring Rob Thomas

"Smooth"

1999–2000

[14]

29

LMFAO featuring Lauren Bennett and GoonRock

"Party Rock Anthem"

2011–12

[14]

28

Jewel

"Foolish Games" / "You Were Meant for Me"

1997–98

[14]

Bruno Mars

"That's What I Like"

2017

[14]

27

Ed Sheeran

"Perfect"

2017–18

[15]

26

Savage Garden

"Truly Madly Deeply"

1997–98

[14]

Drake

"God's Plan"

2018

[16]

text: Most total weeks on the Hot 100

text:
87 weeks – Imagine Dragons – "Radioactive" (2014)
79 weeks – Awolnation – "Sail" (2014)
76 weeks – Jason Mraz – "I'm Yours" (2009)
69 weeks – LeAnn Rimes – "How Do I Live" (1998)
68 weeks – LMFAO featuring Lauren Bennett and GoonRock – "Party Rock Anthem" (2012), OneRepublic – "Counting Stars" (2014)
65 weeks – Jewel – "Foolish Games" / "You Were Meant for Me" (1998), Adele – "Rolling in the Deep" (2012)
64 weeks – Carrie Underwood – "Before He Cheats" (2007)
62 weeks – Lifehouse – "You and Me" (2006), The Lumineers – "Ho Hey" (2013)

text: Note: The year displayed is the year the songs ended their respective chart runs.

text: Source: [17]

text: Number-one debuts

text:
Michael Jackson – "You Are Not Alone" (September 2, 1995)
Mariah Carey – "Fantasy" (September 30, 1995)
Whitney Houston – "Exhale (Shoop Shoop)" (November 25, 1995)
Mariah Carey and Boyz II Men – "One Sweet Day" (December 2, 1995)
Puff Daddy and Faith Evans featuring 112 – "I'll Be Missing You" (June 14, 1997)
Mariah Carey – "Honey" (September 13, 1997)
Elton John – "Candle in the Wind 1997" / "Something About the Way You Look Tonight" (October 11, 1997)
Celine Dion – "My Heart Will Go On" (February 28, 1998)
Aerosmith – "I Don't Want to Miss a Thing" (September 5, 1998)
Lauryn Hill – "Doo Wop (That Thing)" (November 14, 1998)
Clay Aiken – "This Is the Night" (June 28, 2003)
Fantasia Barrino – "I Believe" (July 10, 2004)
Carrie Underwood – "Inside Your Heaven" (July 2, 2005)
Taylor Hicks – "Do I Make You Proud" (July 1, 2006)
Britney Spears – "3" (October 24, 2009)
Eminem – "Not Afraid" (May 22, 2010)
Kesha – "We R Who We R" (November 13, 2010)
Britney Spears – "Hold It Against Me" (January 29, 2011)
Lady Gaga – "Born This Way" (February 26, 2011)
Katy Perry – "Part of Me" (March 3, 2012)
Baauer – "Harlem Shake" (March 2, 2013)
Taylor Swift – "Shake It Off" (September 6, 2014)
Justin Bieber – "What Do You Mean?" (September 19, 2015)
Adele – "Hello" (November 14, 2015)
Zayn Malik – "Pillowtalk" (February 20, 2016)
Justin Timberlake – "Can't Stop the Feeling!" (May 28, 2016)
Ed Sheeran – "Shape of You" (January 28, 2017)
DJ Khaled featuring Justin Bieber, Quavo, Chance the Rapper and Lil Wayne – "I'm the One" (May 20, 2017)
Drake – "God's Plan" (February 3, 2018)
Drake – "Nice for What" (April 21, 2018)
Childish Gambino – "This Is America" (May 19, 2018)

text: Since 2009, at least one song debuted at number one per year. In 1995, four songs debuted at number one (a record amount).

text: Biggest jump to number one

text:
97–1 – Kelly Clarkson – "My Life Would Suck Without You" (February 7, 2009)[19]
96–1 – Britney Spears – "Womanizer" (October 25, 2008)[20]
80–1 – T.I. featuring Rihanna – "Live Your Life" (October 18, 2008)[21]
78–1 – Eminem, Dr. Dre and 50 Cent – "Crack a Bottle" (February 21, 2009)[22]
77–1 – Taylor Swift – "Look What You Made Me Do" (September 16, 2017)[23]
72–1 – Taylor Swift – "We Are Never Ever Getting Back Together" (September 1, 2012)[24]
71–1 – T.I. – "Whatever You Like" (September 6, 2008)[25]
64–1 – Maroon 5 – "Makes Me Wonder" (May 12, 2007)
60–1 – Rihanna featuring Drake – "What's My Name?" (November 20, 2010)[26]
58–1 – Flo Rida – "Right Round" (February 28, 2009)[27]

text: Biggest single-week upward movements

text:
97–1 (96 positions) – Kelly Clarkson – "My Life Would Suck Without You" (February 7, 2009)[28]
96–1 (95 positions) – Britney Spears – "Womanizer" (October 25, 2008)[29]
94–3 (91 positions) – Beyoncé and Shakira – "Beautiful Liar" (April 7, 2007)[30]
94–4 (90 positions) – Maroon 5 featuring Cardi B – "Girls Like You" (June 16, 2018)[31]
95–7 (88 positions) – Akon featuring Eminem – "Smack That" (October 14, 2006)[32]
97–9 (88 positions) – Drake featuring Nicki Minaj – "Make Me Proud" (November 5, 2011)[33]
96–11 (85 positions) – Carrie Underwood – "Cowboy Casanova" (October 10, 2009)[34]
100–15 (85 positions) – A. R. Rahman and Pussycat Dolls featuring Nicole Scherzinger – "Jai Ho! (You Are My Destiny)" (March 14, 2009)[35]
85–2 (83 positions) – Katy Perry – "Roar" (August 31, 2013)[36]
86–4 (82 positions) – Vanessa Hudgens and Zac Efron – "Breaking Free" (February 11, 2006)[37]
92–10 (82 positions) – Nicki Minaj – "Chun-Li" (April 28, 2018)[38]

text: Longest climbs to number one

text:
33rd week – Los del Río – "Macarena (Bayside Boys Mix)" (1995–96)[40]
31st week – Lonestar – "Amazed" (1999–2000)
30th week – John Legend – "All of Me" (2013–14)[41]
27th week – Creed – "With Arms Wide Open" (2000)
26th week – Vertical Horizon – "Everything You Want" (2000)
25th week – UB40 – "Red Red Wine" (1988)
23rd week – Patti Austin and James Ingram – "Baby, Come to Me" (1983), Sia featuring Sean Paul – "Cheap Thrills" (2016), Camila Cabello featuring Young Thug – "Havana" (2017–18)
22nd week – Vangelis – "Chariots of Fire" (1982), Lady Gaga featuring Colby O'Donis – "Just Dance" (2008–09)
21st week – Nick Gilder – "Hot Child in the City" (1978), Robert John – "Sad Eyes" (1979), Outkast – "The Way You Move" (2003–04), Adele – "Set Fire to the Rain" (2011–12)

text: Biggest drop from number one

text:
1–15 – Billy Preston – "Nothing from Nothing" (October 26, 1974)
1–15 – Dionne Warwicke and The Spinners – "Then Came You" (November 2, 1974)
1–12 – Simon & Garfunkel – "The Sound of Silence" (January 29, 1966)
1–12 – Barry White – "Can't Get Enough of Your Love, Babe" (September 28, 1974)
1–12 – Andy Kim – "Rock Me Gently" (October 5, 1974)
1–12 – Stevie Wonder – "You Haven't Done Nothin'" (November 9, 1974)
1–12 – Bachman–Turner Overdrive – "You Ain't Seen Nothing Yet" (November 16, 1974)
1–12 – John Lennon and Plastic Ono Band – "Whatever Gets You thru the Night" (November 23, 1974)
1–11 – Diana Ross – "Theme from Mahogany (Do You Know Where You're Going To)" (January 31, 1976)
1–10 – Phil Collins – "Two Hearts" (February 4, 1989)

text: Biggest single-week downward movements

text:
17–96 (79 positions) – Javier Colon – "Stitch by Stitch" (July 23, 2011)[43]
21–99 (78 positions) – Jordan Smith – "Somebody to Love" (January 2, 2016)[44]
16–93 (77 positions) – 5 Seconds of Summer – "Amnesia" (July 26, 2014)[45]
17–92 (75 positions) – Justin Bieber – "Die in Your Arms" (June 23, 2012)[46]
23–96 (73 positions) – Colbie Caillat – "I Do" (March 5, 2011)[47]
21–94 (73 positions) – Justin Bieber – "Never Let You Go" (March 27, 2010)[48]
21–94 (73 positions) – Glee Cast – "Empire State of Mind" (October 16, 2010)[49]
16–89 (73 positions) – Jonas Brothers – "Pushin' Me Away" (August 9, 2008)[50]
13–86 (73 positions) – Justin Timberlake and Matt Morris featuring Charlie Sexton – "Hallelujah" (February 20, 2010)[51]
20–92 (72 positions) – The Beatles – "The Beatles Movie Medley" (June 5, 1982)[52]

text: Biggest drops off the Hot 100

text:
From #4 – Prince and The Revolution – "Purple Rain"† (May 21, 2016)
From #8 – Prince – "When Doves Cry"† (May 21, 2016)
From #9 – Soko – "We Might Be Dead by Tomorrow" (April 5, 2014)[54]
From #11 – Jonas Brothers – "A Little Bit Longer" (August 30, 2008),[54][55] Taylor Swift – "Mean" (November 13, 2010),[56] One Direction – "Diana" (December 14, 2013),[57] Mariah Carey – "All I Want for Christmas is You" (January 16, 2016)††[58]
From #12 – Taylor Swift – "You Belong with Me"* (November 29, 2008),[59] Lady Gaga – "Hair" (June 11, 2011),[60] One Direction – "Midnight Memories" (December 14, 2013)[57]

text: † – "Purple Rain" and "When Doves Cry" reappeared on the Hot 100 for two weeks in 2016, and the above reflects their re-entries only. When the songs originally charted in 1984, their chart positions in their final week on the Hot 100 were well below the top 10.

text: †† – A recurring holiday song charting during the Christmas season.

text: * – "You Belong with Me" later re-entered the Hot 100 as a single in 2009 to reach a peak of #2. The recurring song's final week on the Hot 100 was in 2010, when it was low as possible on the chart.

text: Number-one songs covered by different artists

text:
"Go Away Little Girl" – Steve Lawrence (1963) and Donny Osmond (1971)
"The Loco-Motion" – Little Eva (1962) and Grand Funk (1974)
"Please Mr. Postman" – The Marvelettes (1961) and The Carpenters (1975)
"Venus" – Shocking Blue (1970) and Bananarama (1986)
"Lean on Me" – Bill Withers (1972) and Club Nouveau (1987)
"You Keep Me Hangin' On" – The Supremes (1966) and Kim Wilde (1987)
"When a Man Loves a Woman" – Percy Sledge (1966) and Michael Bolton (1991)
"I'll Be There" – The Jackson 5 (1970) and Mariah Carey (1992)
"Lady Marmalade" – Labelle (1975) and Christina Aguilera / Lil' Kim / Mýa / Pink (2001)

text: Non-English language number-ones

text:
"Nel Blu Dipinto Di Blu (Volare)" – Domenico Modugno (Italian – August 18, 1958 for five non-consecutive weeks)
"Sukiyaki" – Kyu Sakamoto (Japanese – June 15, 1963 for three weeks)
"Dominique" – The Singing Nun (French – December 7, 1963 for four weeks)
"Rock Me Amadeus" – Falco (English/German – March 29, 1986 for three weeks)
"La Bamba" – Los Lobos (Spanish – August 29, 1987 for three weeks)
"Macarena (Bayside Boys Mix)" – Los del Río (English/Spanish – August 3, 1996 for fourteen weeks)
"Despacito" – Luis Fonsi and Daddy Yankee featuring Justin Bieber (English/Spanish – May 27, 2017 for sixteen weeks)
"I Like It" – Cardi B, Bad Bunny and J Balvin (English/Spanish – July 7, 2018 for one week)

text: Instrumental number-ones

text:
"The Happy Organ" – Dave "Baby" Cortez (May 11, 1959 for one week)
"Sleep Walk" – Santo & Johnny (September 21, 1959 for two weeks)
"Theme from A Summer Place" – Percy Faith (February 22, 1960 for nine weeks)
"Wonderland by Night" – Bert Kaempfert (January 9, 1961 for three weeks)
"Calcutta" – Lawrence Welk (February 13, 1961 for two weeks)
"Stranger on the Shore" – Mr. Acker Bilk (May 26, 1962 for one week)
"The Stripper" – David Rose (July 7, 1962 for one week)
"Telstar" – The Tornados (December 22, 1962 for three weeks)
"Love Is Blue" – Paul Mauriat (February 10, 1968 for five weeks)
"Grazing in the Grass" – Hugh Masekela (July 20, 1968 for two weeks)
"Love Theme from Romeo and Juliet" – Henry Mancini (June 28, 1969 for two weeks)
"Frankenstein" – The Edgar Winter Group (May 26, 1973 for one week)
"Love's Theme" – Love Unlimited Orchestra (February 9, 1974 for one week)
"TSOP (The Sound of Philadelphia)" – MFSB and The Three Degrees † (April 20, 1974 for two weeks)
"Pick Up the Pieces" – Average White Band † (February 22, 1975 for one week)
"The Hustle" – Van McCoy and the Soul City Symphony † (July 26, 1975 for one week)
"Fly, Robin, Fly" – Silver Convention † (November 29, 1975 for three weeks)
"Theme from S.W.A.T." – Rhythm Heritage (February 28, 1976 for one week)
"A Fifth of Beethoven" – Walter Murphy and the Big Apple Band (October 9, 1976 for one week)
"Gonna Fly Now" – Bill Conti † (July 2, 1977 for one week)
"Star Wars Theme/Cantina Band" – Meco (October 1, 1977 for two weeks)
"Rise" – Herb Alpert (October 20, 1979 for two weeks)
"Chariots of Fire" – Vangelis (May 8, 1982 for one week)
"Miami Vice Theme" – Jan Hammer (November 9, 1985 for one week)
"Harlem Shake" – Baauer † (March 2, 2013 for five weeks)

text: † – Contains vocal part, but is considered an instrumental. See Instrumental#Borderline cases for more.

text: Artist achievements

text: Most number-one singles

text:
Number of singles

Artist

Biggest number-one†

20

The Beatles

"Hey Jude"[6]

18

Elvis Presley ‡

"Don't Be Cruel" / "Hound Dog"[64][65]

Mariah Carey

"We Belong Together"[6]

14

Rihanna

"We Found Love"[6]

13

Michael Jackson

"Say Say Say" (duet with Paul McCartney)[6]

12

The Supremes

"Love Child"[66]

Madonna

"Like a Virgin"[67]

11

Whitney Houston

"I Will Always Love You"[6]

10

Stevie Wonder

"Ebony and Ivory" (duet with Paul McCartney)[6]

Janet Jackson

"Miss You Much"[68]

text: † The biggest number-one listed by each artist reflects its overall performance on the Hot 100, as calculated by Billboard, and may not necessarily be the single which spent the most weeks at #1 for the artist, such as Madonna's "Like a Virgin" (six weeks at #1, compared to seven for "Take a Bow"), Mariah Carey's "We Belong Together" (fourteen weeks at #1, compared to sixteen for her duet with Boyz II Men, "One Sweet Day") and Michael Jackson's duet with Paul McCartney, "Say Say Say" (six weeks at #1, compared to seven for both his solo singles "Billie Jean" and "Black or White").

text: ‡ Pre-Hot 100 charts and Hot 100.

text: Billboard now credits the dual #1 Presley single "Don't Be Cruel"/"Hound Dog" as a single chart entity, and credits Presley with 17 number one singles.[69] "Don't Be Cruel"/"Hound Dog" spent 11 weeks at #1, "Hound Dog" for 6 weeks, "Don't Be Cruel" for 5 weeks. Many chart statisticians however, such as Joel Whitburn, still list Presley as having 18 number ones.

text:
Source:[70][71]
[72][73]

text: Most cumulative weeks at number one

text:
Weeks at  number one

Artist

Source

79

Elvis Presley †

[69]

Mariah Carey

[74]

60

Rihanna

[74]

59

The Beatles

[74]

50

Boyz II Men

[74]

47

Usher

[74]

43

Drake

[75]

42

Beyoncé

[74]

37

Michael Jackson

[74]

34

Elton John

[74]

text: Most consecutive number-one singles

text:
Number of singles

Artist

First hit and date

Final hit and date

Streak-breaking song

7

Whitney Houston

"Saving All My Love for You" (October 26, 1985)

"Where Do Broken Hearts Go" (April 23, 1988)

"Love Will Save the Day" (#9 – August 27, 1988)

6

The Beatles

"I Feel Fine" (December 26, 1964)

"We Can Work It Out" (January 8, 1966)

"Nowhere Man" (#3 – March 26, 1966)

Bee Gees

"How Deep Is Your Love" (December 24, 1977)

"Love You Inside Out" (June 9, 1979)

"He's A Liar" (#30 – October 24, 1981)

5

Elvis Presley

"A Big Hunk o' Love" (August 10, 1959)

"Surrender" (March 20, 1961)

"I Feel So Bad" (#5 – May 1961)

The Supremes

"Where Did Our Love Go" (August 22, 1964)

"Back in My Arms Again" (June 12, 1965)

"Nothing but Heartaches" (#11 – September 4, 1965)

Michael Jackson

"I Just Can't Stop Loving You"  (with Siedah Garrett) (September 19, 1987)

"Dirty Diana" (July 2, 1988)

"Another Part of Me" (#11 – September 10, 1988)

Mariah Carey

"Vision of Love" (August 4, 1990)

"Emotions" (October 12, 1991)

"Can't Let Go" (#2 – January 25, 1992)

"Fantasy" (September 30, 1995)

"My All" (May 23, 1998)

"When You Believe" (with Whitney Houston)(#15 – January 30, 1999)

Katy Perry

"California Gurls" (featuring Snoop Dogg) (June 19, 2010)

"Last Friday Night (T.G.I.F.)" (August 17, 2011)

"The One That Got Away" (#3 – January 7, 2012)

text: Sources:[76][77][78][79][80][81][81][82]

text: Most consecutive weeks simultaneously topping the Hot 100 and Billboard 200

text:
Number ofweeks
Artist
Year(s)charted
Singles
Albums

12
The Beatles
1964
"I Want to Hold Your Hand",  "She Loves You", "Can't Buy Me Love"
Meet the Beatles!,  The Beatles' Second Album

Whitney Houston
1992–93
"I Will Always Love You"
The Bodyguard: Original Soundtrack Album

7
Michael Jackson
1983
"Billie Jean"
Thriller

Drake
2016
"One Dance" (featuring Wizkid and Kyla)
Views

The Monkees
1966–67
"I'm a Believer"
The Monkees, More of the Monkees

text: Most consecutive years charting a number-one single

text:
Number of years

Artist

First number-one hit and week

Final number-one hit and final week

11

Mariah Carey

"Vision of Love" (August 4, 1990)

"Thank God I Found You"  (February 19, 2000)

7

Elvis Presley †

"Heartbreak Hotel" (March 17, 1956)

"Good Luck Charm"  (April 28, 1962)

The Beatles

"I Want to Hold Your Hand" (February 1, 1964)

"The Long and Winding Road"  (June 20, 1970)

6

The Supremes

"Where Did Our Love Go" (August 22, 1964)

"Someday We'll Be Together"  (December 27, 1969)

Lionel Richie

"Endless Love" (August 15, 1981)

"Say You, Say Me"  (January 11, 1986)

text: † Pre-Hot 100 charts and Hot 100.

text: Most number-one singles in a calendar year

text:
Number ofsingles
Artist
Yearcharted
Singles

6
The Beatles
1964
"I Want to Hold Your Hand"

"She Loves You"

"Can't Buy Me Love"

"Love Me Do"

"A Hard Day's Night"

"I Feel Fine"

5
1965
"I Feel Fine"

"Eight Days a Week"

"Ticket to Ride"

"Help!"

"Yesterday"

4
Elvis Presley †
1956
"Heartbreak Hotel"

"I Want You, I Need You, I Love You"

"Hound Dog" / "Don't Be Cruel"

"Love Me Tender"

1957
"Too Much"

"All Shook Up"

"(Let Me Be Your) Teddy Bear"

"Jailhouse Rock"

The Supremes
1965
"Come See About Me"

"Stop! In the Name of Love"

"Back in My Arms Again"

"I Hear a Symphony"

Jackson 5
1970
"I Want You Back"

"ABC"

"The Love You Save"

"I'll Be There"

George Michael
1988
"Faith"

"Father Figure"

"One More Try"

"Monkey"

Usher
2004
"Yeah!" (featuring Lil Jon and Ludacris)

"Burn"

"Confessions Part II"

"My Boo" (Duet with Alicia Keys)

Rihanna
2010
"Rude Boy"

"Love the Way You Lie" (Eminem featuring Rihanna)

"What's My Name?" (featuring Drake)

"Only Girl (In the World)"

text:
† Pre-Hot 100 charts.
Chart notes: If counting Presley's dual hit song "Don't Be Cruel/Hound Dog" separately then Elvis has 5 for 1956. Some Presley songs included here charted #1 on Cashbox, but not on the Billboard Top 100, the precursor to the Billboard Hot 100.

text: Most top 10 singles

text:
Number of  singles

Artist

Source

38

Madonna

[70]

36†

Elvis Presley

[90]

34

The Beatles

[70]

31

Rihanna

[91]

Drake

[92]

30

Michael Jackson

[92]

28

Stevie Wonder

[70]

Mariah Carey

[93]

27

Elton John

[70]

Janet Jackson

[70]

text: † This total includes Pre-Hot 100 charts and Hot 100. Elvis Presley's total for the Hot 100 top 10 singles is 25.[70]

text: Most consecutive weeks in the top 10

text:
Number of  weeks

Artist

Years  charted

Singles

69

Katy Perry

2010–11

"California Gurls" (featuring Snoop Dogg)

"Teenage Dream"

"Firework"

"E.T." (featuring Kanye West)

"Last Friday Night (T.G.I.F.)"

61

The Chainsmokers

2016–17

"Don't Let Me Down" (featuring Daya)

"Closer" (featuring Halsey)

"Paris"

"Something Just Like This" (with Coldplay)

51

Drake

2015–16

"Hotline Bling"

"Work" (Rihanna featuring Drake)

"Summer Sixteen"

"One Dance" (featuring Wizkid and Kyla)

48

Ace of Base

1993–94

"All That She Wants"

"The Sign"

"Don't Turn Around"

46

Rihanna

2010–11

"Love the Way You Lie" (Eminem featuring Rihanna)

"Only Girl (In the World)"

"What's My Name?" (featuring Drake)

"S&M"

text: Most top 10 debuts

text:
Number

Artist

Source

16

Drake

[92]

14

Taylor Swift

[98]

8

Eminem

[98]

Justin Bieber

[98]

7

Lil Wayne

[98]

6

Ariana Grande

[98]

Lady Gaga

[98]

Rihanna

[98]

text: Most top 40 singles

text:
Number
Artist
Source

91
Drake
[92]

80
Elvis Presley†
[99]

71
Lil Wayne
[99]

57
Elton John
[99]

56
Taylor Swift
[99]

51
Glee Cast
[99]

50
The Beatles
[99]

Rihanna
[99]

49
Madonna
[99]

Jay-Z
[99]

Nicki Minaj
"Nicki Minaj Hot 100 Chart History". billboard.com. Billboard Music. Retrieved 7 August 2018.

48
Kanye West
[99]

text: † If his career before the Hot 100 inception is included, Presley is credited with 114 Top 40 entries.[71]

text: Most Hot 100 entries

text:
Entries

Artist

Source

207

Glee Cast

[100]

186

Drake

[92]

138

Lil Wayne

[100]

108

Elvis Presley †

[100]

98

Jay-Z

[100]

93

Nicki Minaj

[75]

92

Kanye West

[101]

91

James Brown

[100]

90

Chris Brown

[100]

77

Taylor Swift

[100]

text: † Elvis Presley's career predated the inception of the Hot 100 by two years. He has charted 149 singles on Billboard if tracking his entire career.

text: Most consecutive weeks on Hot 100

text: The artists with 150 or more consecutive weeks on the Hot 100:

text:
431 – Drake
326 – Lil Wayne
216 – Rihanna
207 – Nicki Minaj
166 – Future
161 – Chris Brown
159 – Jay-Z
152 – Nelly
150 – Justin Bieber

text: Self-replacement at number one

text:
The Beatles † – "I Want to Hold Your Hand" → "She Loves You" (March 21, 1964); "She Loves You" → "Can't Buy Me Love" (April 4, 1964)
Boyz II Men – "I'll Make Love to You" → "On Bended Knee" (December 3, 1994)
Puff Daddy – "I'll Be Missing You" (Puff Daddy and Faith Evans featuring 112) → "Mo Money Mo Problems" (The Notorious B.I.G. featuring Puff Daddy and Mase) (August 30, 1997)
Ja Rule – "Always on Time" (Ja Rule featuring Ashanti) → "Ain't It Funny" (Jennifer Lopez featuring Ja Rule) (March 9, 2002)
Nelly – "Hot in Herre" → "Dilemma" (Nelly featuring Kelly Rowland) (August 17, 2002)
OutKast – "Hey Ya!" → "The Way You Move" (OutKast featuring Sleepy Brown) (February 14, 2004)
Usher – "Yeah!" (Usher featuring Lil Jon and Ludacris) → "Burn" (May 22, 2004); "Burn" → "Confessions Part II" (July 24, 2004)
T.I. – "Whatever You Like" → "Live Your Life" (T.I. featuring Rihanna) (October 18, 2008); "Whatever You Like" → "Live Your Life" (November 15, 2008)
The Black Eyed Peas – "Boom Boom Pow" → "I Gotta Feeling" (July 11, 2009)
Taylor Swift – "Shake It Off" → "Blank Space" (November 29, 2014)
The Weeknd – "Can't Feel My Face" → "The Hills" (October 3, 2015)
Justin Bieber – "Sorry" → "Love Yourself" (February 13, 2016); "I'm the One" (DJ Khaled featuring Justin Bieber, Quavo, Chance the Rapper and Lil Wayne) → "Despacito" (Luis Fonsi and Daddy Yankee featuring Justin Bieber) (May 27, 2017)
Drake – "God's Plan" → "Nice for What" (April 21, 2018); "Nice for What" → "In My Feelings" (July 21, 2018)

text: † The Beatles are the only act in history to have three consecutive, self-replacing #1s.

text: Simultaneously occupying the top two positions

text: Elvis Presley: October 20 – November 3, 1956 (Pre-Hot 100 charts)

text:
"Hound Dog" / "Don't Be Cruel"
"Love Me Tender" ("Best Sellers in Stores" and "Most Played by Jockeys" charts)

tag: ol

text: The Beatles: From February 22, 1964 until April 25, 1964 the Beatles held the top two positions, with various singles. In some of the weeks, the band held the top three or top four slots, the only act in chart history to do so. On April 4, 1964, The Beatles occupied the entire top five.[104]

text:
"Can't Buy Me Love"
"Twist and Shout"
"She Loves You"
"I Want to Hold Your Hand"
"Please Please Me"

text: Bee Gees: March 18 – April 15, 1978

text:
"Night Fever"
"Stayin' Alive"

text: Puff Daddy: August 9–30, 1997

text:
"I'll Be Missing You" (Puff Daddy and Faith Evans featuring 112)
"Mo Money Mo Problems" (The Notorious B.I.G. featuring Puff Daddy and Mase)

text: Ja Rule: March 9–23, 2002

text:
"Ain't It Funny"  (Jennifer Lopez featuring Ja Rule)
"Always on Time" (Ja Rule featuring Ashanti)

text: Ashanti: April 20 – May 18, 2002

text:
"Foolish"
"What's Luv?" (Fat Joe featuring Ashanti)

text: Nelly: August 10–31, 2002

text:
"Hot in Herre"
"Dilemma" (Nelly featuring Kelly Rowland, songs switched positions on August 17, 2002)

text: OutKast: December 20, 2003 – February 7, 2004

text:
"Hey Ya!"
"The Way You Move" (OutKast featuring Sleepy Brown)

text: Usher: June 26 – July 3, 2004; July 17, 2004

text:
"Burn"
"Confessions Part II"

text: 50 Cent: April 16–30, 2005

text:
"Candy Shop" (50 Cent featuring Olivia)
"Hate It or Love It" (The Game featuring 50 Cent)

text: Mariah Carey: September 10, 2005

text:
"We Belong Together"
"Shake It Off"

text: Akon:

text: December 2, 2006

text:
"I Wanna Love You" (Akon featuring Snoop Dogg)
"Smack That" (Akon featuring Eminem)

text: April 14, 2007

text:
"Don't Matter"
"The Sweet Escape" (Gwen Stefani featuring Akon)

text: T.I.: October 18, 2008; November 1–29, 2008

text:
"Live Your Life" (T.I. featuring Rihanna)
"Whatever You Like" (songs switched positions several times)

text: Black Eyed Peas: June 27[105] – July 18, 2009[106]

text:
"Boom Boom Pow"
"I Gotta Feeling" (songs switched positions on July 11, 2009)

text: Pharrell Williams: June 29[107] – July 27, 2013

text:
"Blurred Lines" (Robin Thicke featuring T.I. and Pharrell)
"Get Lucky" (Daft Punk featuring Pharrell Williams)

text: Iggy Azalea: June 7[108] – July 5, 2014[109][110][111][112]

text:
"Fancy" (Iggy Azalea featuring Charli XCX)
"Problem" (Ariana Grande featuring Iggy Azalea)

text: The Weeknd: September 26, 2015[113]

text:
"Can't Feel My Face"
"The Hills"

text: Justin Bieber:

text: February 6–13, 2016[114][115]

text:
"Sorry"
"Love Yourself" (songs switched positions on February 13, 2016)

text: July 1–22, 2017[116][117][118][119]

text:
"Despacito" (Luis Fonsi and Daddy Yankee featuring Justin Bieber)
"I'm the One" (DJ Khaled featuring Justin Bieber, Quavo, Chance the Rapper, and Lil Wayne)

text: Drake:

text: April 21–May 5, 2018[91][38][120]

text:
"Nice for What"
"God's Plan"

text: July 14, 2018[92]

text:
"Nice for What"
"Nonstop"

text: Simultaneously three or more singles in the top 10

text:
The Beatles: February 29 – May 2, 1964 (Note: The Beatles had as many as five in the top ten April 4–11, 1964)
"I Want to Hold Your Hand"
"She Loves You"
"Please Please Me"
"Twist and Shout"
"Can't Buy Me Love"
"Do You Want to Know a Secret"
The Bee Gees: February 25 – March 4, 1978
"How Deep Is Your Love"
"Stayin' Alive"
"Night Fever"
Ashanti: March 30 – April 6, 2002
"Always On Time" (Ja Rule featuring Ashanti)
"What's Luv?" (Fat Joe featuring Ashanti)
"Foolish"
50 Cent:
May 31 – June 7, 2003
"In Da Club"
"21 Questions" (50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg)
"Magic Stick" (Lil' Kim featuring 50 Cent)
February 19 – April 30, 2005; May 14–21, 2005 (Note: 50 Cent had as many as four in the top ten April 2–9, 2005)
"Disco Inferno"
"How We Do" (The Game featuring 50 Cent)
"Candy Shop" (50 Cent featuring Olivia)
"Hate It or Love It" (The Game featuring 50 Cent)
"Just a Lil Bit"
Usher: June 5 – July 10, 2004
"Yeah!" (Usher featuring Lil Jon & Ludacris)
"Burn"
"Confessions Part II"
Akon: May 5, 2007 and May 19, 2007
"The Sweet Escape" (Gwen Stefani featuring Akon)
"Don't Matter"
"I Tried" (Bone Thugs-n-Harmony featuring Akon)
T-Pain: November 3 – December 29, 2007 (Note: All four titles below were in the top ten November 24 – December 8, 2007)
"Good Life" (Kanye West featuring T-Pain)
"Cyclone" (Baby Bash featuring T-Pain)
"Kiss Kiss" (Chris Brown featuring T-Pain)
"Low" (Flo Rida featuring T-Pain)
Chris Brown: April 5, 2008 and May 10, 2008 (Note: The first two titles below were in the top ten on both charts)
"With You"
"No Air" (Jordin Sparks & Chris Brown)
"Shawty Get Loose" (Lil Mama featuring Chris Brown & T-Pain)
"Forever"
Lil Wayne: September 27, 2008
"Got Money" (Lil Wayne featuring T-Pain)
"Can't Believe It" (T-Pain featuring Lil Wayne)
"Swagga Like Us" (Jay-Z & T.I. featuring Kanye West & Lil Wayne)
Adele: March 3, 2012
"Rolling in the Deep"
"Someone Like You"
"Set Fire to the Rain"
Iggy Azalea: August 30, 2014[121]
"Fancy" (Iggy Azalea featuring Charli XCX)
"Problem" (Ariana Grande featuring Iggy Azalea)
"Black Widow" (Iggy Azalea featuring Rita Ora)
Ariana Grande: August 30, 2014
"Problem" (Ariana Grande featuring Iggy Azalea)
"Bang Bang" (Jessie J, Ariana Grande & Nicki Minaj)
"Break Free" (Ariana Grande featuring Zedd)
Justin Bieber: December 5, 2015 – February 6, 2016[122]
"What Do You Mean?"
"Sorry"
"Love Yourself"
The Chainsmokers: March 18, 2017[123]
"Closer" (The Chainsmokers featuring Halsey)
"Paris"
"Something Just Like This" (The Chainsmokers and Coldplay)
Cardi B: January 6–27, 2018[124][125][126] (Note: The first two titles below were in the top ten January 6–27, 2018)
"No Limit" (G-Eazy featuring ASAP Rocky & Cardi B)
"MotorSport" (Migos, Nicki Minaj & Cardi B)
"Bodak Yellow (Money Moves)"
"Finesse" (Bruno Mars & Cardi B)
Drake:
April 14–June 9, 2018[127][91][38][120][128][129][15][130][131](Note: Titles have varied throughout the weeks mentioned)
"God's Plan"
"Look Alive" (BlocBoy JB featuring Drake)
"Walk It Talk It" (Migos featuring Drake)
"Nice for What"
"Yes Indeed" (Lil Baby and Drake)
July 14–28, 2018[92][132][16](Note: Drake had as many as seven in the top ten July 14, 2018)
"Nice for What"
"Nonstop"
"God's Plan"
"In My Feelings"
"I'm Upset"
"Emotionless"
"Don't Matter to Me" (Drake featuring Michael Jackson)
J. Cole: May 5, 2018[120]
"ATM"
"Kevin's Heart"
"KOD"
Post Malone: May 12, 2018[128]
"Psycho" (Post Malone featuring Ty Dolla Sign)
"Better Now"
"Rockstar" (Post Malone featuring 21 Savage)

text: Posthumous number-ones

text:
Otis Redding (d. December 10, 1967) – "(Sittin' On) The Dock of the Bay" (March 16, 1968)
Janis Joplin (d. October 4, 1970) – "Me and Bobby McGee" (March 20, 1971)
Jim Croce (d. September 20, 1973) – "Time in a Bottle" (December 29, 1973)
John Lennon (d. December 8, 1980) – "(Just Like) Starting Over" (December 27, 1980)
The Notorious B.I.G. (d. March 9, 1997) – "Hypnotize" (May 3, 1997) and "Mo Money Mo Problems" (August 30, 1997)
Soulja Slim (d. November 26, 2003) – "Slow Motion" (Juvenile featuring Soulja Slim) (August 7, 2004)
Static Major (d. February 25, 2008) – "Lollipop" (Lil Wayne featuring Static Major) (May 3, 2008)
XXXTentacion (d. June 18, 2018) – "Sad!" (June 30, 2018)

text: Age records

text:
Louis Armstrong (age 62 years, 279 days) is the oldest artist to top the Hot 100. He set that record with "Hello, Dolly!" on May 9, 1964.
Cher (age 52 years, 297 days) is the oldest female artist to top the Hot 100. She set the record with "Believe" on March 13, 1999.[134] The previous record holder was Grace Slick of Starship, who was 47 years, 156 days old when their hit "Nothing's Gonna Stop Us Now" began its two-week reign on April 4, 1987.
Michael Jackson (age 11 years, 155 days) is the youngest artist to top the Hot 100. He achieved the record, as part of the Jackson 5, with "I Want You Back" on January 31, 1970.
Stevie Wonder (age 13 years, 89 days) is the youngest solo artist to top the Hot 100. He set the record with "Fingertips Pt. 2" on August 10, 1963.
Little Peggy March (age 15 years, 50 days) is the youngest female artist to top the Hot 100. The song which established this record for her was "I Will Follow Him", which reached #1 on April 27, 1963.
Fred Stobaugh (age 96 years, 23 days) is the oldest living artist to chart on the Hot 100. He was featured on the Green Shoe Studio song "Oh Sweet Lorriane", which ranked at #42 on September 14, 2013.[135] The previous record was held by Tony Bennett, who was 85 years, 59 days old when his song "Body and Soul", a duet with Amy Winehouse, ranked at #87 on October 1, 2011.
French-born Jordy Lemoine (age 5 years, 156 days) is the youngest artist to chart on the Hot 100. He established the record when his song "Dur dur d'être bébé! (It's Tough to Be a Baby)", where he is credited simply as Jordy, entered the chart on June 19, 1993.[136][137]
Asahd Khaled (age 132 days) is the youngest producer to chart on the Hot 100, as an executive producer for the album Grateful by DJ Khaled. The album's first single "Shining" featuring Jay-Z and Beyoncé entered the Hot 100 at #62 on March 4, 2017. He also became the youngest producer to earn a Hot 100 #1 (age 209 days) when the album's second single, "I'm the One" featuring Justin Bieber, Quavo, Chance the Rapper, and Lil Wayne, debuted atop the chart dated May 20, 2017.[138][139]

text: Gap records

text:
The longest gap between #1 hits on the Hot 100 for an artist is 24 years, 355 days by Cher. Her single "Believe" hit #1 on March 13, 1999, her first time on top since "Dark Lady" on March 23, 1974.[134][140]
Cher also holds the record gap between first and most recent #1 on the Hot 100 over the longest period of time: 33 years, 232 days. The first of three weeks at #1 for "I Got You Babe" by Sonny & Cher was August 14, 1965. The last week at #1 for Cher's "Believe" was April 3, 1999.[140]
The record for the longest wait from an artist's Hot 100 debut entry to its first #1 belongs to Santana, with 30 years between the time he first cracked the Hot 100 with "Jingo" (October 25, 1969) and the first of 12 weeks at #1 with "Smooth," featuring Rob Thomas (October 23, 1999).[141]
When "4th Dimension" by Kids See Ghosts featuring Louis Prima debuted at #42 for the week of June 23, 2018,[142] Prima became the artist with the longest overall span of singles on the Hot 100 – 57 years, 130 days on account of his single "Wonderland by Night" which appeared at #89 on the Hot 100, dated February 13, 1961.

text: Album achievements

text: Most number-one singles from one album

text:
Number of Singles
Artist
Album
Year

5
Michael Jackson
Bad
1987

Katy Perry
Teenage Dream
2010

4
Various artists
Saturday Night Fever
1977

Whitney Houston
Whitney

1987

George Michael
Faith

Paula Abdul
Forever Your Girl
1988

Janet Jackson
Janet Jackson's Rhythm Nation 1814
1989

Mariah Carey
Mariah Carey
1990

Usher
Confessions
2004

text:
Saturday Night Fever generated number-one singles for two different artists: "How Deep Is Your Love", "Stayin' Alive" and "Night Fever" by the Bee Gees; and "If I Can't Have You" by Yvonne Elliman.
Katy Perry's Teenage Dream: The Complete Confection was a reissue of the Teenage Dream album, and featured an additional single, "Part Of Me", which peaked at Number One on the Billboard Hot 100. This brings her actual total to six. However, this does not count since the single comes from a reissue of the album and not the original release.[144]

text: Most top ten singles from one album

text:
Number of singles
Artist
Album
Year

7
Michael Jackson
Thriller
1982

Bruce Springsteen
Born in the U.S.A.
1984

Janet Jackson
Janet Jackson's Rhythm Nation 1814
1989

Drake
Scorpion
2018

6
Michael Jackson
Bad

1987

George Michael
Faith

Janet Jackson
Janet.
1993

Katy Perry
Teenage Dream
2010

5
Lionel Richie
Can't Slow Down
1983

Janet Jackson
Control

1986

Genesis
Invisible Touch

Madonna
True Blue

Huey Lewis and the News
Fore!

Whitney Houston
Whitney
1987

Paula Abdul
Forever Your Girl

1988

Bobby Brown
Don't Be Cruel

New Kids on the Block
Hangin' Tough

Bon Jovi
New Jersey

Milli Vanilli
Girl You Know It's True
1989

Various artists †
Waiting to Exhale
1995

Usher
Confessions
2004

Fergie
The Dutchess
2006

The Black Eyed Peas
The E.N.D.
2009

Taylor Swift

1989
2014

text: † Waiting to Exhale generated top ten singles for five different artists: "Exhale (Shoop Shoop)" and "Count on Me" by Whitney Houston (the latter with CeCe Winans), "Not Gon' Cry" by Mary J. Blige, "Sittin' Up in My Room" by Brandy, and "Let It Flow" by Toni Braxton.

text: Other album achievements

text:
Janet Jackson's Janet Jackson's Rhythm Nation 1814 has the most top 5 singles, with 7.[147]
Janet Jackson has the most albums with five or more Top 10 hits. Those albums are Control, Janet Jackson's Rhythm Nation 1814, and janet.[148]

text: Drake's Scorpion places a record-breaking ALL 25 songs listed in the Billboard Hot 100 at the same time, on the July 14, 2018 chart, while he still have two more songs entried,[149] eclipsing his previous record of 22 from his album More Life about one year earlier, on April 8, 2017[150], and 18 from his album Views two year earlier, on May 21, 2016.[151]

text: NOTE: Numbers listed here are, per Billboard's rules,[152] over one release.

text: Producer achievements

text: Producers with the most number-one singles

text:
Number of singles

Producer(s)

Best known producing for

Biggest number-one hit and date

23

George Martin

The Beatles

"Hey Jude"[153] (September 28, 1968)

22

Max Martin

Britney Spears, Katy Perry,  Kelly Clarkson, Pink, Taylor Swift

"Dark Horse"[154] (February 8, 2014)

16

Steve Sholes †

Elvis Presley

"Hound Dog/Don't Be Cruel"  (August 18, 1956)

Jimmy Jam, Terry Lewis

Janet Jackson

"Miss You Much"[68](October 7, 1989)

Dr. Luke

Katy Perry, Kelly Clarkson,  Kesha, Miley Cyrus

"Tik Tok"[155](January 2, 2010)

14

Barry Gibb

Bee Gees, Andy Gibb

"How Deep Is Your Love"[155](December 24, 1977)

Mariah Carey

Herself

"We Belong Together"[155](June 4, 2005)

text: † Pre-Hot 100 charts and Hot 100

text: Songwriter achievements

text: Songwriters with the most number-one singles

text:
Number of singles

Songwriter

Best known writing for

Biggest number-one hit and date

32

Paul McCartney

The Beatles

"Hey Jude"[153] (September 28, 1968)

26

John Lennon

22

Max Martin

Katy Perry, Britney Spears,  Kelly Clarkson, Pink, Taylor Swift

"Dark Horse"[154] (February 8, 2014)

17

Mariah Carey

Herself

"We Belong Together"[161] (June 4, 2005)

16

Barry Gibb

Bee Gees, Andy Gibb

"How Deep Is Your Love"[162] (December 24, 1977)

Dr. Luke

Katy Perry, Kesha, Miley Cyrus

"Tik Tok"  (January 2, 2010)

text:
Number of singles

Songwriter(s)

Year

Number-one hits (in chronological order)

7

John Lennon Paul McCartney

1964

The Beatles – "I Want to Hold Your Hand"†,  "She Loves You"†,  "Can't Buy Me Love"†,  "Love Me Do" Peter and Gordon – "A World Without Love" The Beatles – "A Hard Day's Night", "I Feel Fine"†††

Barry Gibb ††

1978

Bee Gees – "How Deep Is Your Love", "Stayin' Alive"†  Andy Gibb – "(Love Is) Thicker Than Water"†  Bee Gees – "Night Fever"†  Yvonne Elliman – "If I Can't Have You"†  Andy Gibb – "Shadow Dancing"  Frankie Valli – "Grease"

5

Lamont Dozier Brian Holland Eddie Holland

1965

The Supremes – "Come See About Me", "Stop! In the Name of Love", "Back in My Arms Again"† Four Tops – "I Can't Help Myself (Sugar Pie Honey Bunch)"† The Supremes – "I Hear a Symphony"

John Lennon ††† Paul McCartney †††

1965

The Beatles – "I Feel Fine", "Eight Days a Week", "Ticket to Ride", "Help!", "Yesterday" †††

Robin Gibb Maurice Gibb

1978

Bee Gees – "How Deep Is Your Love", "Stayin' Alive", "Night Fever"†  Yvonne Elliman – "If I Can't Have You"†  Andy Gibb – "Shadow Dancing"

text:
† Chronologically sequential, replacing each other at #1
†† Holds all-time record of writing the most consecutively charted (self-replacing) #1 songs on the Hot 100, with 4.
††† Hold all-time record of writing the most consecutive #1 A-side singles, with 6. Record includes these five 1965 A-sides and "We Can Work It Out", which hit #1 in January 1966.

text: Selected additional Hot 100 achievements

text:
The first #1 song on the Hot 100 was "Poor Little Fool" by Ricky Nelson (August 4, 1958).
The #1 song in the first week Billboard incorporated sales and airplay data from Nielsen SoundScan and Nielsen Broadcast Data Systems was "Set Adrift on Memory Bliss" by P.M. Dawn (November 30, 1991).
The #1 song in the first week Billboard allowed songs without a commercial single release to chart on the Hot 100 was "I'm Your Angel" by R. Kelly and Céline Dion (December 5, 1998). Though the song was making its first appearance on the Hot 100 that week, Billboard did not consider it a debut at #1, since it appeared on unpublished test charts prior to the allowance of airplay-only songs on the main chart.[166] "I'm Your Angel" also entered the Hot 100 Singles Sales chart that week at #1,[167] so it would have been ineligible to chart on the Hot 100 before then.
The first "airplay-only" song to reach #1 (no points from a commercial single release) was "Try Again" by Aaliyah (June 17, 2000).
Drake holds the record for the most entries in the Hot 100 during a one-week period, with 27 on the July 14, 2018 chart.[168] The Beatles had long held this record, occupying 14 positions on the Hot 100 dated April 11, 1964, a feat unmatched for nearly 51 years. On March 7, 2015, Drake tied the Beatles mark,[169] and he equaled it again on October 17 that year.[151] Justin Bieber then reset the record to 17 on December 5, 2015,[170] before Drake reclaimed the record with 20 on May 21, 2016, and broke his own record with 27 on July 14, 2018.[151][171]
Drake also holds the record for the most debuting entries on a Hot 100 chart by any artist, with 22 on July 14, 2018.[168]
Cardi B is the record-holder among female artists for the most simultaneous entries in the Hot 100, with 13 on the April 21, 2018 chart.[172]
The Beatles are the only artists to simultaneously hold the top 2 spots on the Billboard Hot 100 singles chart and Billboard 200 albums chart. They achieved this feat for nine consecutive weeks, from February 29, 1964, to April 25, 1964. For the first five weeks of that run, through March 28, 1964, "I Want to Hold Your Hand" and "She Loves You" were the #1 and #2 singles (which swapped positions during March 1964), while Meet the Beatles! and Introducing... The Beatles held the top 2 spots on the albums charts. For the remaining weeks of the run, "Can't Buy Me Love" and their cover of "Twist and Shout" were the #1 and #2 singles, while Meet the Beatles! and Introducing... The Beatles continued their reign as the top 2 albums.[173][174]
Barry Gibb, Robin Gibb, John Lennon, and Paul McCartney hold the record of writing all of the Top 3 singles for one week. The Gibbs co-wrote the top 3 singles for the week of March 18, 1978 – #1 "Night Fever" and #2 "Stayin' Alive" for the Bee Gees, and #3 "Emotion" for Samantha Sang. Lennon and McCartney co-wrote the top 3 singles for the week of March 14, 1964 – #1 "I Want to Hold Your Hand", #2 "She Loves You", and #3 "Please Please Me", all for The Beatles. They continued this record the following week of March 21, 1964, when "She Loves You" switched places with "I Want to Hold Your Hand".
The Black Eyed Peas hold the record for the longest uninterrupted time at #1 on the Hot 100, a total of 26 consecutive weeks from April to October 2009. "Boom Boom Pow" spent the first 12 weeks on top, with "I Gotta Feeling" taking over for the remaining 14 weeks.[175] Prior to August 2009, Usher held this record, spending 19 consecutive weeks on top of the chart in 2004 with "Yeah!" (12 weeks at #1) and "Burn" (first 7 of its 8 total weeks at #1).[176]
On December 4, 2010, Rihanna's "Only Girl (In the World)" reached the top spot two weeks after "What's My Name?", becoming the first time in Hot 100 history that an album's debut single hit #1 after the second single did.[177]
Ed Sheeran became the first artist to debut more than one song in the top 10 for the same week. On the chart dated January 28, 2017, "Shape of You" debuted at #1, while "Castle on the Hill" entered at #6.[178] Drake later achieved this feat on three separate occasions, doing so on April 8, 2017,[150] February 3, 2018, [179] and July 14, 2018.[180] In the latter week, Drake broke the record by debuting four songs in the top 10.
Drake is the only artist to have a number-one debut replace another number-one debut. He did this April 21, 2018, when "Nice For What" replaced "God's Plan" at the summit, after the latter had spent eleven weeks on top.[181]
Drake holds the record for being on the Hot 100 for the most consecutive weeks. He placed at least one song, either in a lead or featured role, on every chart from his debut on May 23, 2009, to August 19, 2017, for a total of 431 weeks in a row.[182]
Ariana Grande is the only artist to have the lead single from each of her first four albums debut in the Hot 100's top 10.[120]
Drake has the record for most songs in the top ten at once, with 7. The Beatles held the record for 54 years, with five entries.[183]


document_title: Kushok Bakula Rimpochee Airport

question_text: where is the highest airport located in india

text: Kushok Bakula Rimpochee Airport

text: This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (September 2014) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

text:
Kushok Bakula Rimpochee Airport

IATA: IXL
ICAO: VILH

Summary

Airport type
Public

Operator
Airport Authority of India

Serves
Leh

Location
Leh, Jammu and Kashmir, India

Elevation AMSL
3,256 m / 10,682 ft

Coordinates
34°08′09″N 077°32′47″E / 34.13583°N 77.54639°E / 34.13583; 77.54639Coordinates: 34°08′09″N 077°32′47″E / 34.13583°N 77.54639°E / 34.13583; 77.54639

Map

IXL

IXL

Show map of Jammu and KashmirShow map of IndiaShow all

Runways

Direction
Length
Surface

m
ft

07/25
2,752
9,028
Asphalt

Statistics (April 2016 - March 2017)

Passenger movements
563,800 (38.0%)

Aircraft movements
4,904 (42.8%)

Cargo tonnage
1,665 (15.5%)

Source: AAI[1] [2] [3]

text: Kushok Bakula Rimpochee Airport (IATA: IXL, ICAO: VILH) is an airport in Leh, Jammu and Kashmir, India. It is one of the highest commercial airports in the world at 3,256 m (10,682 ft) above mean sea level. The airport is named after 19th Kushok Bakula Rinpoche, an Indian statesman and monk, whose Spituk Monastery is in direct vicinity to the airfield.

text: Due to the presence of mountain winds in the afternoon, all flights take off and land in the morning. The approach is challenging as it is unidirectional and has high terrain towards the eastern end of the airport. Airport security is tight with Indian Army patrols and no hand baggage is allowed on flights. Due to its location in between the Mountain ranges of Himalayas the approach to Leh Airport has been named and nominated as one of the world's most scenic approaches which makes this airport a scenic airport to land into and take off from.

text: In February 2016, Indian Air Force handed the airport to Airport Authority of India. AAI will expand it for civilian purposes. [4]

text: Airlines and destinations[edit]

text:
Airlines
Destinations

Air India
Chandigarh, Delhi, Jammu, Srinagar

GoAir
Delhi, Mumbai, Srinagar

Jet Airways
Delhi

Vistara
Delhi