document_title: The Lego Batman Movie

question_text: who voices robin in the lego batman movie

text: The Lego Batman Movie

text: Plot[edit]

text: In the Lego Universe, Batman continues to protect Gotham City and fight crime. During his latest mission to stop Joker from destroying the city, he hurts his arch-rival's feelings by telling him he is not as important in his life as he thinks he is, leading Joker to seek the ultimate revenge on him. The following day, Batman's alter ego, Bruce Wayne, attends the city's winter gala, which is celebrating both the retirement of Commissioner Gordon and the ascension of his daughter Barbara as the city's new police commissioner, only to be infuriated by Barbara's plans to restructure the police to function without the need of Batman. Without warning, Joker crashes the party with the city's other villains, all of whom surrender, with the exception of Harley Quinn who disappears during the confusion.

text: Suspecting his arch-rival is up to something, Batman plots to steal Superman's Phantom Zone Projector, a device that can banish anyone to the Phantom Zone which houses some of the most dangerous villains in the Lego multiverse. Just as he plans his heist of the device, Alfred intervenes and advises him to take charge of Dick Grayson, whom Bruce unwittingly adopted as his ward during the gala. Reluctantly agreeing to do so, Batman fosters Dick as Robin, whereupon the pair successfully recover the Projector from the Fortress of Solitude, and break into Arkham Asylum to send Joker to the Phantom Zone. Suspecting that the Joker wanted to be sent there, Barbara locks up Batman and Robin for their reckless actions.

text: While the Projector is being seized as evidence, Harley steals it back as part of Joker's plan and frees him, allowing him to return to Gotham with all the villains he had recruited in the Phantom Zone, including King Kong, the Gremlins, the Wicked Witch of the West and her Flying Monkeys, a Tyrannosaurus Rex and a Velociraptor, Lord Voldemort, Sauron, the Jaws shark, the Daleks, Lord Vampyre, The Evil Mummy, Swamp Creature, Medusa, Agent Smith and his clones, Skeleton Warriors, General Zod, and the Kraken. Realizing that the city does need him, Barbara releases Batman and Robin and teams up with them and Alfred to stop the Joker. Although Batman finds himself able to trust and rely on his new team upon reaching Wayne Island, he chooses to send them away rather than losing them like his parents. Upon facing him alone, Joker believes that Batman is incapable of change and zaps him to the Phantom Zone before stealing the Batcave's stash of confiscated bombs. Arriving in the Phantom Zone, Batman witnesses the harm his selfishness has caused to everyone and slowly accepts his greatest fear. Making a deal with the Zone's gatekeeper Phyllis, a talking Lego brick, to be allowed back to Gotham in order to retrieve the Zone's escaped prisoners, Batman arrives in time to save his teammates, apologizing to them for his actions, and requesting their help to stop Joker.

text: Realizing that Joker plans to use the explosives he took to destroy the city's Energy Facility, thus causing the city to come apart and be destroyed, Batman turns Barbara into Batgirl, before he, his team, and Gotham City's other villains, who felt neglected by Joker, manage to successfully send the escaped villains back to the Phantom Zone. However, the group fail to stop Joker's bombs going off as the explosion begins to tear the city apart at the plates beneath it. Knowing this was his fault, Batman reluctantly convinces Joker that he is the true reason for being the hero he is before they, their friends and allies, and the city's inhabitants, chain-link themselves together and pull the plates back together, saving the city.

text: With the city saved, Batman prepares to be taken back into the Phantom Zone to fulfill his bargain only to be rejected by Phyllis who chooses to let him remain after seeing how much he had changed in order to save everyone. Batman allows Joker and the rest of his rogues gallery to temporarily escape with the confidence that whenever they return, they will be no match for the Batman family.

text: Cast[edit]

text:
Will Arnett as Bruce Wayne / Batman, a superhero from Gotham City.
Zach Galifianakis as The Joker,[9] Batman's archenemy who is the "Clown Prince of Crime."
Michael Cera as Dick Grayson / Robin,[10] an orphan who is adopted by Bruce Wayne.
Rosario Dawson as Barbara Gordon / Batgirl,[11] a police officer who becomes the new police commissioner.
Ralph Fiennes as Alfred Pennyworth,[12] the butler of Bruce Wayne.
Jenny Slate as Harley Quinn,[13] the right-hand woman of Joker.
Héctor Elizondo as Commissioner James "Jim" Gordon,[14] the commissioner of the Gotham City Police Department.
Lauren White as Chief O'Hara, the Gotham City Police Department's chief of police.
White also voices Medusa, a Gorgon who is imprisoned in Gotham City.
Mariah Carey as Mayor McCaskill,[15][16] the mayor of Gotham City.
Eddie Izzard as Lord Voldemort,[17] a dark wizard and enemy of Harry Potter who is imprisoned in the Phantom Zone.
Seth Green as King Kong,[17] a giant gorilla from Skull Island who is imprisoned in the Phantom Zone.
Green also voices the Swamp Creature, a gill-man who is imprisoned in the Phantom Zone.
Jemaine Clement as Sauron,[17] a Dark Lord from Middle-earth who is imprisoned in the Phantom Zone.
Billy Dee Williams as Two-Face,[18][19] a disfigured lawyer who is one of Batman's enemies.
Riki Lindhome as Poison Ivy,[20] a plant-controlling enemy of Batman.
Lindhome also voices Wicked Witch of the West, an evil witch from the Land of Oz who is imprisoned in the Phantom Zone.
Conan O'Brien as Riddler,[20] a riddle-obsessed enemy of Batman.
Jason Mantzoukas as Scarecrow,[20] a scarecrow-themed enemy of Batman who uses fear gas.
Zoë Kravitz as Catwoman,[20] a cat burglar and enemy of Batman.
Kate Micucci as Clayface,[20] an enemy of Batman made of clay.
Doug Benson as Bane,[20] an enemy of Batman who uses the drug Venom to get stronger.
David Burrows as Anchorman Phil, an anchorman in Gotham City.
Burrows also voices Mr. Freeze, an enemy of Batman in a cryogenic suit that wields a freeze gun.
Matt Villa as Killer Croc, a crocodile-themed enemy of Batman.
John Venzon as Penguin, a fancy enemy of Batman that uses trick umbrellas and robotic penguins.
Laura Kightlinger as Reporter Pippa, a reporter that stars in "Metropolis in Focus."
Kightlinger also voices Orca, a killer whale-themed enemy of Batman.
Todd Hansen as Captain Dale, one the pilots of the airplane that Joker hijacks.
Chris McKay as Pilot Bill, one of the pilots of the airplane that Joker hijacks.
Mark Jonathan Davis as Himself
Davis also voices Richard Cheese (archive recordings)
Channing Tatum as Superman,[20] a superhero from Krypton and member of the Justice League who defends Metropolis.
Ellie Kemper as Phyllis,[17] the gatekeeper of the Phantom Zone.
Jonah Hill as Hal Jordan / Green Lantern,[20] a member of the Justice League.
Adam DeVine as The Flash,[20] the superfast member of the Justice League.
Brent Musburger as Reporter #1
Ralph Garman as Reporter #2
Chris Hardwick as Reporter #3[21]

text: Production[edit]

text: After the success of The Lego Movie, Warner Bros. gave the green light to further multiple Lego movies being produced, including The Lego Batman Movie; Chris McKay, who co-directed The Lego Movie, was brought on board to direct the film, marking this as his solo directorial debut.[23] In an interview about his work on the film, McKay stated that working on the film was "a very mixed blessing" owing partly to the film's hectic time schedule for its production, remarking that the two and half years allocated to the film made it difficult to fit in everything that he wanted for the movie, considering his earlier work on The Lego Movie.[23][24] His work on The Lego Batman Movie was influenced by the comedy portrayed in both The Naked Gun and Airplane! film series, with his pitch for the film to the studios being described as like "Jerry Maguire as directed by Michael Mann".[24] His proposal to combine all the Batman eras featured in the comic book series and various media formats, including movies and comic series, despite a couple of issues—the total inconsistency inherent to such a task, and Lego rejecting some of the characters he proposed to include in the film—was based on his desire of how to portray Robin within the film's setting. In an interview regarding his version of the superhero duo, McKay stated:[24]

text: "I was thinking that we were basically taking the Burt Ward Robin and sticking him in the Batmobile with the Zack Snyder/Ben Affleck Batman, or the Frank Miller Batman. And putting these two different energies together. Somebody who’s like the grumpiest, dark grittiest, broodiest Batman with the most positive, indefatigable kid."

text: Batman and pop culture references[edit]

text: As part of its production, the movie was designed to make numerous references to previous Batman movies, cartoons and comics. These include: the 1940s Batman serials; the films Batman (1966), Batman (1989), Batman Returns (1992), Batman Forever (1995), Batman & Robin (1997), Batman Begins (2005), The Dark Knight (2008), The Dark Knight Rises (2012), Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice (2016), and Suicide Squad (2016); the television shows Batman (1960s), Batman: The Animated Series (1990s), Batman Beyond (2000s), and The Batman (2000s); and the comics Detective Comics #27 (Batman's introductory story), The Dark Knight Returns (1986), and Gotham by Gaslight (1989).[25] Other references include previous costumes worn by Batman and Robin, and the various Batmobiles used. In most cases, their appearances in the movie are done in a Lego style, with the exception being footage from a live-action shot of Adam West's depiction of Batman in the 1960s Batman show and a picture of Batman's suit from Batman and Robin. Climactic events from past Batman films including the Joker have been mentioned, including "that time with the parade and the Prince music" (1989's Batman) and "the two boats" (The Dark Knight).[25]

text: Alongside Joker, the main antagonist of the film's story, and Superman, who features heavily and has notable links to the Christopher Reeve films Superman (1978) and its sequel Superman II (1980), many other DC characters, both villains associated with Batman and other DC superheroes, feature in the film. The film's villains who have been featured in Batman comics, films and cartoons include: Man-Bat; Captain Boomerang; Egghead; Crazy Quilt; Eraser; Polka-Dot Man; Mime; Tarantula; King Tut from the 1960s series; Killer Moth; March Harriet; Zodiac Master; the Mutant Leader from The Dark Knight Returns; Doctor Phosphorus; Magpie; Calculator; Hugo Strange; an unidentified version of Red Hood; the Kabuki Twins from The Batman; Orca; Gentleman Ghost; Clock King; Calendar Man; Kite Man; Catman; Zebra-Man; and a variation of Condiment King from Batman: The Animated Series.[25] The other DC heroes who feature, both from the Justice League and Super Friends, include: Wonder Woman; Aquaman; Cyborg; Green Arrow; Black Canary; Hawkman; Hawkgirl; Martian Manhunter; Apache Chief; Black Vulcan; El Dorado; Samurai; Wonder Dog; the Wonder Twins; and Gleek. Although not part of the DC franchise, Iron Man from Marvel Comics is referenced in the movie as part of a small joke about Batman's password for entering the Batcave in reference to the famous rivalry between DC and Marvel.[25]

text: The film also features characters from other notable franchises and movie series, with them following the same narrative of The Lego Movie in that they came from worlds that co-exist alongside others of the Lego Universe, which are made up of Lego playsets of the various media franchises. These additional characters include: Medusa from Lego Minifigures; the Swamp Creature, Evil Mummy, and Lord Vampyre from Lego Monster Fighters; King Kong; the Daleks from Doctor Who; the Wicked Witch of the West and her flying monkeys from The Wizard of Oz; the Kraken from Clash of the Titans; Agent Smith and his clones from The Matrix; the great white shark from Jaws; Voldemort from Harry Potter; Sauron from The Lord of the Rings; the Tyrannosaurus and Velociraptors from Jurassic Park; The Skeleton Warriors from Jason and the Argonauts; and the Gremlins.[25][26] The way in which the Gremlins attack a plane references The Twilight Zone episode "Nightmare at 20,000 Feet".[27]

text: The film also includes Batman watching the scene from Jerry Maguire where Tom Cruise says "You complete me"; this line had previously been quoted by The Joker in The Dark Knight.[25] When Batman discusses possible team names, he mentions "Fox Force Five," which was the name of a failed television pilot mentioned in Pulp Fiction.[28] The film's use of Cutting Crew's "(I Just) Died in Your Arms" is a nod to the romantic comedy Never Been Kissed.[28] The film's other references include Gleaming the Cube and Gymkata.[27]

text: A scene from The Lego Movie was reused in the film, where Emmet is going down the portal to the real world.

text: Soundtrack[edit]

text:
The Lego Batman Movie: Original Motion Picture SoundtrackSoundtrack album by Lorne Balfe, various artistsReleased
February 3, 2017Recorded
2016Trackdown Studios (Sydney)Genre
Film soundtrack, film scoreLabel
WaterTower MusicLorne Balfe chronology

Skylanders Imaginators(2016)

The Lego Batman Movie: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack(2017)

Ghost in the Shell(2017)

text: The film's original score was composed by Lorne Balfe and features Red Hot Chili Peppers' drummer Chad Smith.[29][30] The soundtrack was released on February 3, 2017, on CD and for digital download, while the vinyl version was released on May 19, 2017.[citation needed]

text: Disc 1No.TitlePerformer(s)Length1."Who's the (Bat) Man"Patrick Stump3:042."Forever"DNCE3:493."(I Just) Died in Your Arms"Cutting Crew4:364."Invincible"Kirsten Arian2:595."One"Harry Nilsson2:226."Heroes (We Could Be)" (Hard Rock Sofa and Skidka Remix)Alesso feat. Tove Lo6:357."Man in the Mirror"Alex Aiono3:488."Friends Are Family"Oh, Hush! feat. Will Arnett and Jeff Lewis2:259."I Found You"Fraser Murray3:3410."Forever"Justin Tranter3:4911."Man in the Mirror"Richard Cheese & Lounge Against the Machine1:4912."Everything Is Awesome"Richard Cheese & Lounge Against the Machine2:03

text: Disc 2No.TitlePerformer(s)Length1."Black"Lorne Balfe7:322."Your Greatest Enemy"Lorne Balfe2:423."The Arrival of Robin"Lorne Balfe2:524."Joker Crashes the Party"Lorne Balfe1:335."No Seat Belts Required"Lorne Balfe2:186."To Cage the Joker"Lorne Balfe1:597."The Phantom Zone"Lorne Balfe3:378."Open for Business"Lorne Balfe1:099."Chaos in Gotham"Lorne Balfe3:2010."Lava Attack"Lorne Balfe7:4011."For Your Own Good"Lorne Balfe1:4512."Joker Manor"Lorne Balfe2:2913."Batman's in the Zone"Lorne Balfe4:4014."The Babs Signal"Lorne Balfe2:2515."Battle Royale"Lorne Balfe4:5416."A Long Farewell"Lorne Balfe2:49

text: Release[edit]

text: The film's world premiere was conducted in Dublin, Ireland on January 29, 2017,[4] whereupon it went into general release from February 8; it was released in Denmark on February 9, and in the United States the day after.[31] Its overall release saw movie theatres displaying the film in 3D, RealD 3D, Dolby Cinema and IMAX, though the latter format was restricted to 2D for North America, while international countries were able to view it in IMAX 3D.[32]

text: Marketing[edit]

text: The first teaser trailer for The Lego Batman Movie was released on March 24, 2016, and features the song "Black and Yellow" by Wiz Khalifa.[33] It was attached to showings of Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice in theatres. A second teaser trailer was released on March 28, 2016, and features references to all live-action iterations of Batman, from the 1960s Batman TV series to Batman v Superman. A third trailer was released on July 23, 2016.[34] A fourth trailer was released on November 4, 2016.[35][36] Over twenty Lego sets inspired by scenes from the film were released for the film including two sets of Collectible Minifigures. A Story Pack for the toys-to-life video game Lego Dimensions based on The Lego Batman Movie was released on February 10, 2017, alongside the film. The pack adds a six-level story campaign adapting the events of the film, and includes playable figures of Robin and Batgirl, a driveable Batwing, and a constructible gateway model based on the Batcomputer. A Fun Pack including Excalibur Batman and his Bionic Steed was also released the same day.[37]

text: On January 14, 2017, at the North American International Auto Show in Detroit, Chevrolet unveiled a life-sized Lego Batmobile inspired by the design featured in the film, constructed from around 350,000 Lego pieces. As a related promotion, a Bat-Signal (alternating between Batman's emblem and the Chevrolet logo) was projected on the Renaissance Center over the weekend, and Chevrolet released a new television commercial tying into the film, featuring the Batmobile as a crossover with its ongoing "Real People, Not Actors" campaign.[38][39]

text: Warner Bros. released several promotional tie-ins on the week of the movie's release. LEGO billboard versions of several TV shows were shown outside of the studio lot, that took 300 hours to make out of 10,000 bricks.[40] The Big Bang Theory included a LEGO version of the opening sequence in the episode "The Locomotion Reverberation" that first aired on CBS. In addition, the network aired two LEGO commercials featuring Batman and the cast.[41]

text: The CW featured LEGO end cards for Supergirl, The Flash, DC's Legends of Tomorrow, and Arrow, respectively, on the week of the movie's release. All four DC shows also include a special variant of the Berlanti Productions logo that featured Batman's cameo and a new recording from Greg Berlanti's real-life father who says "Batman move your head" instead of the usual "Greg move your head". In addition, the network aired two commercials where Batman interacts with the characters from each show.[42]

text: Home media[edit]

text: The Lego Batman Movie was released on Digital HD on May 19, 2017. The release included the theatrical short film The Master: A Lego Ninjago Short, as well as four new short films: Dark Hoser, Batman is Just Not That Into You, Cooking with Alfred and Movie Sound Effects: How Do They Do That?.[43] The Lego Batman Movie was released on DVD, Blu-ray (2D and 3D), and Ultra HD Blu-ray by Warner Bros. Home Entertainment on June 13, 2017.[43] The film debuted at No. 3 on the NPD VideoScan overall disc sales chart.[44]

text: Reception[edit]

text: Box office[edit]

text: The Lego Batman Movie grossed $175.8 million in the United States and Canada and $136.2 million in other territories for a worldwide gross of $311.9 million, against a production budget of $80 million.[7]

text: In the United States and Canada, The Lego Batman Movie opened alongside two other sequels, Fifty Shades Darker and John Wick: Chapter 2, and was projected to gross around $60 million in its opening weekend.[45] It earned $2.2 million from Thursday-night previews and $15 million on Friday.[46] It went on to open with $53 million, finishing first at the box office.[47] In its second weekend, the film grossed $32.7 million (a drop of 38.4%), again topping the box office;[48][49] with the additional President's Day holiday on Monday, it made a total of $42.7 million for the weekend.[50] In its third weekend of release, the film dropped to second at the box office, behind newcomer Get Out, grossing $19.2 million (a drop of 41.2%).[51]

text: Outside North America the film was simultaneously released in 61 countries, and was expected to gross around $40 million over its first three days.[45] It ended up grossing $37 million in its opening weekend, including $9.3 million in the United Kingdom, $2.6 million in Mexico, $2.3 million in Germany and $2.2 million in Russia.[52]

text: Critical response[edit]

text: On review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 90% based on 281 reviews, with an average rating of 7.5/10. The website's critical consensus reads, "The Lego Batman Movie continues its block-buster franchise's winning streak with another round of dizzyingly funny—and beautifully animated—family-friendly mayhem."[53] It was ranked the 14th best superhero movie of all time on the site.[54] On Metacritic, the film has a score of 75 out of 100, based on 48 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews".[55] Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "A–" on an A+ to F scale.[56]

text: Mike Ryan of Uproxx gave the film a positive review, praising its comedy, and saying: "The LEGO Batman Movie isn’t the same experience as watching The LEGO Movie, but I also don’t think it's trying to be. It’s trying to be a fun superhero movie with clever callbacks to previous Batman films (every single Batman movie all the way back to the 1940s serials are referenced) that can, at least, provide DC superhero fans with a taste of fun amidst all the doom and gloom. (That can either be a reference to 'the real world' or the current DC Cinematic Universe films, you can choose either one you want or both.) And at that, The LEGO Batman Movie succeeds."[57] Chris Nashawaty of Entertainment Weekly gave the film a "B+" and wrote, "LEGO Batman revs so fast and moves so frenetically that it becomes a little exhausting by the end. It flirts with being too much of a good thing. But rarely has corporate brainwashing been so much fun and gone down with such a delightful aftertaste."[58] Justin Chang of the Los Angeles Times was positive in his review, saying, "In its best moments, this gag-a-minute Bat-roast serves as a reminder that, in the right hands, a sharp comic scalpel can be an instrument of revelation as well as ridicule."[59] Michael O'Sullivan of The Washington Post praised the film for its heart, humor, and action which, "snap together, with a satisfying click."[60]

text: Accolades[edit]

text:
List of Accolades

Award

Date of ceremony

Category

Recipient(s) and nominee(s)

Result

Ref.

AACTA Awards

December 6, 2017

Best Sound

Gregg Landaker, Rick Lisle, Wayne Pashley, Fabian Sanjurgo and Michael Semanick

Nominated

[61]

Best Visual Effects or Animation

Rob Coleman, Damien Gray, Miles Green, Amber Naismith and Craig Welsh

Annie Awards

February 3, 2018

Directing in a Feature Production

Chris McKay

[62]

Voice Acting in an Animated Feature Production

Zach Galifianakis

Editorial in an Animated Feature Production

David Burrows, Matt Villa and John Venzon

American Cinema Editors

January 26, 2018

Best Edited Animated Feature Film

[63]

Art Directors Guild

January 27, 2018

Excellence in Production Design for an Animated Film

Grant Freckelton

[64]

Cinema Audio Society Awards

February 24, 2018

Outstanding Achievement in Sound Mixing for a Motion Picture – Animated

Jason Oliver, Michael Semanick, Gregg Landaker, Wayne Pashley, Stephen Lipson and Lisa Simpson

[65]

Critics' Choice Movie Awards

January 11, 2018

Best Animated Film

Chris McKay

[66]

Detroit Film Critics Society

December 7, 2017

Best Animated Film

The LEGO Batman Movie

Won

[67]

Empire Awards

March 18, 2018

Best Animated Film

Nominated

[68][69]

Florida Film Critics Circle

December 23, 2017

Best Animated Film

[70]

Georgia Film Critics Association

January 12, 2018

Best Animated Film

[71]

Golden Tomato Awards

January 3, 2018

Best Animated Film

2nd Place

[72]

Golden Trailer Awards

June 6, 2017

Best Animation/Family

Won

[73]

Most Original Trailer

Nominated

Golden Reel Awards

February 18, 2018

Outstanding Achievement in Sound Editing – Feature Animation

Wayne Pashley, Rick Lisle, Fabian Sanjurjo, Andrew Miller, Mario Gabrieli, Jared Dwyer, Emma Mitchell, Nigel Christensen, Terry Rodman, Christopher S. Aud, F. Hudson Miller, Beth Bezzina, Sonal Joshi, Derryn Pasquill, Linda Yeaney, John Simpson and Will Kaplan

[74]

Hollywood Music in Media Awards

November 16, 2017

Best Original Score - Animated Film

Lorne Balfe

[75]

Houston Film Critics Society

January 6, 2018

Best Animated Film

The LEGO Batman Movie

[76]

Heartland Film Festival

October 22, 2017

Truly Moving Picture Award

Chris McKay

Won

[77]

IGN Awards

December 19, 2017

Best Animated Movie

The LEGO Batman Movie

Runner-up

[78]

Kids' Choice Awards

March 24, 2018

Favorite Animated Film

Nominated

[79]

Movieguide Awards

March 2018

Best Movie for Families

[80]

MTV Movie & TV Awards

May 7, 2017

Best Comedic Performance

Will Arnett

[81][82]

Online Film Critics Society

December 28, 2017

Best Animated Film

The LEGO Batman Movie

[83][84]

Producers Guild of America Award

January 20, 2018

Outstanding Producer of Animated Theatrical Motion Picture

Dan Lin, Phil Lord and Christopher Miller

[85]

Satellite Awards

February 10, 2018

Best Animated or Mixed Media Feature

The LEGO Batman Movie

[86]

St. Louis Film Critics Association

December 17, 2017

Best Animated Feature

Chris McKay

[87]

Teen Choice Awards

August 13, 2017

Choice Movie Actor: Comedy

Will Arnett

[88]

Visual Effects Society

February 13, 2018

Outstanding Visual Effects in an Animated Feature

Rob Coleman, Amber Naismith, Grant Freckelton and Damien Gray

[89]

Washington D.C. Area Film Critics Association

December 8, 2017

Best Animated Feature

The LEGO Batman Movie

[90]

Best Animated Voice Performance

Will Arnett

Michael Cera


document_title: Practical Magic

question_text: who does evan rachel wood play in practical magic

root

text: Practical Magic

text: Plot[edit]

text: Maria Owens, a young witch, is exiled (with her unborn child) to island in Massachusetts. When her lover does not rescue her, she casts a spell to stop herself from ever falling in love again. The spell becomes a curse, affecting all future generations of women in the Owens family: any man who falls in love with an Owens woman will die. In the present, Gillian and Sally Owens, are taken in by their maternal aunts Frances and Jet after the death of their parents. Gillian's talents lie in charm and persuasion, while Sally is more gifted. After witnessing their aunts cast a spell for a woman who seems obsessed with having a man's love, Gillian decides to fall in love and Sally casts a true love spell to protect herself, creating a man of impossible standards.

tag: p

text: Years later, the sisters cast an oath to each other using their own blood and Gillian leaves for Los Angeles. Sally marries Michael, a local produce seller, and they have two daughters, Kylie and Antonia. They plan to open a botanical shop, but Michael dies after being hit by a truck. Devastated, Sally and her daughters return to the Owens home to live with her aunts. Sally realizes that her aunts cast a spell so she would finally have something normal, not expecting Sally and Michael's love to trigger the curse. Sally decides that she and her daughters will not perform magic. As Gillian begins a relationship with Jimmy Angelov in Orlando, she can feel Sally's emotional state, and feeling that Sally needs her she returns to Massachusetts.

text: Gillian calls Sally to come and get her after Jimmy becomes abusive, but he kidnaps the sisters. Sally puts belladonna into Jimmy's tequila, inadvertently killing him, as he tries to strangle Gillian. The sisters return home, then resurrect him using their aunts' book of spells, but Jimmy attempts to kill Gillian again after being revived. Sally kills him again, and the sisters bury his remains in their home's garden. Telltale signs begin occurring, indicating that the nieces did something wrong, yet they do not confess to their aunts when confronted. Frances and Jet take a leave of absence after giving Kylie and Antonia protection wards.

text: Arizona state investigator Gary Hallett arrives from Tucson, in search of Jimmy, who is also a serial killer. Gary begins to suspect Sally, so Gillian, Kylie and Antonia create a potion to banish Gary; however, the girls realize he is the one described in Sally's true love spell, and remove the potion. Later, Sally has Gary record her testimony and sees the letter she had once written Gillian, and realizes he must have read it more times than he had let on. Unable to deny their feelings for each other, they kiss and Sally realizes that he was there because of the spell she had cast years earlier.

text: Sally discovers that Jimmy's spirit has possessed Gillian's body and Gary sees Jimmy's spirit emerge. Jimmy attempts to kill Gary, reaching into his chest, only to be hurt by his silver star-shaped badge and is temporarily exiled. Later, Sally tells Gary that he is there because of her spell and the feelings they have for each other are not real. Gary replies that curses are only true if one believes in them and reveals that he also wished for her, before returning to Tucson.

text: Jimmy possesses Gillian again and attempts to kill Sally before Frances and Jet return. Sally, realizing she must embrace magic to save her sister, asks the aid of the townswomen and they form a coven to exorcise Jimmy's spirit. Sally makes them stop when she sees that the effort might kill Gillian. Once inside the circle, Sally repeats her oath with Gillian, again slicing their palms to join their blood in promise. The Owens curse is broken and Jimmy's spirit is exorcised and permanently exiled. Gary clears the sisters of any suspicion of wrongdoing in Jimmy's case. Sally is forced to come to a decision, encouraged by Gillian to take a risk. Sally sends out a message via the wind, and in Arizona, Gary is greeted with buffeting winds. He returns to Massachusetts to be with Sally. The Owens women celebrate Halloween, and are welcomed by the townsfolk.

text: Cast[edit]

text:
Sandra Bullock as Sally Owens, a witch who becomes widowed after the Owens' curse kills her husband.
Camilla Belle as young Sally
Nicole Kidman as Gillian Owens, younger sister of one year of Sally, who grows bored with small town life and becomes the victim of an abusive relationship.
Lora Anne Criswell as young Gillian
Goran Visnjic as James 'Jimmy' Angelov, boyfriend of Gillian, who becomes abusive and kidnaps the sisters, and is ultimately killed by them, twice.
Stockard Channing as Aunt Frances Owens, aunt of Sally and Gillian, who tends to be more outgoing and fun-loving. She also loves to meddle in people's love lives.
Dianne Wiest as Aunt Bridget 'Jet' Owens, aunt of Sally and Gillian, who tends to be more tenderhearted and quiet.
Aidan Quinn as Investigator Gary Hallet, a lawman from Tucson, Arizona, who investigates Sally and Gillian in the murder of Jimmy Angelov and falls in love with Sally.
Caprice Benedetti as Maria Owens, matriarch of the Owens clan.
Evan Rachel Wood as Kylie Owens, daughter of Sally Owens, who lives with her mom and aunts after the death of her father, Michael. She looks and acts a lot like her Aunt Gillian.
Alexandra Artrip as Antonia Owens, daughter of Sally Owens, who lives with her mom and aunts after the death of her father, Michael. She looks a lot like her mother.
Mark Feuerstein as Michael, husband of Sally Owens, and father of Kylie and Antonia Owens. He is a victim of the "Owens' Curse", which resulted in his death.
Peter Shaw as Jack, Sally and Gillian's father, who died from the Owens' curse when they were children.
Caralyn Kozlowski as Regina, Sally and Gillian's mother, who died of a broken heart after losing her husband to the Owens' curse.
Chloe Webb as Carla, a friend of Sally's, and works at her shop.
Lucinda Jenney as Sara, one of the town women, who initially fears the Owens but later responds to Sally's call for help.
Margo Martindale as Linda Bennett, one of town women who responds to Sally's call for help.
Martha Gehman as Patty, one of town women who responds to Sally's call for help.

tag: ul

text: Production[edit]

text: Practical Magic was filmed in part on an artificial set in California. Because the film's producers decided the house was a big part of the depiction of the Owens' culture, a house to accurately represent that vision was built on San Juan Island in the state of Washington.[2] While much of the set from California was brought to that location and placed inside the house, it took nearly a year to perfect the image of the house and the interior.[3] The house, actually only a shell with nothing inside, was built only for this filming and was torn down after filming was completed.  The small town scenes were filmed on the main street of Coupeville, Washington, a Victorian-era seaside port town located on the south side of Penn's Cove on Whidbey Island.

text: According to Sandra Bullock in the DVD commentary, while filming the scene where the Owens women are drunk and slinging insults, the actresses actually got drunk on very bad tequila brought by Kidman. The cast further stated in the film's commentary that they felt supernatural elements of the house started to affect them.  Both the cast and crew claimed they heard supernatural noises while filming the coven scene at the end of the film. For the final scene with all of the townspeople at the Owens' home, the entire population of the town where filming took place was invited to show up in costume and appear as townsfolk.[citation needed]

text: Music[edit]

text:
Practical Magic
Photo by Suzanne TennerSoundtrack album by Various artistsReleased
October 6, 1998 (original pressing)Recorded
August 15–16, 1998,Abbey Road Studios (Michael Nyman tracks)Genre
Soundtrack, pop, minimalism, orchestralLength
56:58 (Nyman pressing); 51:46 (Silvestri pressing)Language
EnglishLabel
Reprise/WEAProducer
Danny Bramson, Sandra BullockMichael Nyman chronology

Strong on Oaks, Strong on the Causes of Oaks(1998)

Practical Magic(1998)

Ravenous(1999)

Alan Silvestri chronology

The Parent Trap(1998) The Parent Trap1998

Practical Magic(1998) Practical Magic1998

Stuart Little(1999) Stuart Little1999

tag: table

text: Composer Michael Nyman's score to the movie was abruptly replaced with music by Alan Silvestri for the theatrical release. This last-minute change resulted in the release of two soundtracks, although as primarily a compilation album, only the two tracks of newly created material were changed. A 50-track demo (the last two tracks being "Convening the Coven" and "Maria Owens") of Nyman's score has been circulating among fans as a bootleg. The complete Nyman score runs 62:30 and contains music that would later appear, in altered form, in Ravenous and The Actors, as well as a bit of his stepwise chord progression theme from Out of the Ruins/String Quartet No. 3/Carrington/The End of the Affair/The Claim. "Convening the Coven", though not "Maria Owens", was subsequently reissued on The Very Best of Michael Nyman: Film Music 1980–2001, and music that uses material related to this piece has not been used elsewhere.

text: Singer Stevie Nicks headlined the soundtrack's published advertisements, promoting her songs "If You Ever Did Believe" and a new recording of her song "Crystal", both songs featuring Sheryl Crow on back-up vocals.

text:
"If You Ever Did Believe" – Stevie Nicks
"This Kiss" – Faith Hill
"Got to Give It Up (Pt.1)" – Marvin Gaye
"Is This Real?" – Lisa Hall
"Black Eyed Dog" – Nick Drake
"A Case of You" – Joni Mitchell
"Nowhere and Everywhere" – Michelle Lewis
"Always on My Mind" – Elvis Presley
"Everywhere" – Bran Van 3000
"Coconut" – Harry Nilsson
"Crystal" – Stevie Nicks
"Practical Magic" – Alan Silvestri / "Convening the Coven" – The Michael Nyman Orchestra
"Amas Veritas" – Alan Silvestri / "Maria Owens" – The Michael Nyman Orchestra

tag: ol

text: Reception[edit]

text: Box office[edit]

text: Practical Magic opened at #1 with $13.1 million in ticket sales. The film went on to gross $68.3 million worldwide, less than its $75 million production budget.[1]

text: Critical reception[edit]

text: Practical Magic received negative reviews from film critics. Review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes gives the film a 20% approval rating, based on 55 reviews, with an average rating of 4.4/10 and the site's consensus states: "Comedy, romance and horror mix with unsatisfying results."[4] Another review aggregator, Metacritic, which assigns a weighted average score out of 1–100 reviews from film critics, gives a score of 46 out of 100 based on reviews from 22 critics.[5]

text: Owen Gleiberman of Entertainment Weekly gave Practical Magic a negative review, calling it "a witch comedy so slapdash, plodding, and muddled it seems to have had a hex put on it."[6] Roger Ebert of the Chicago Sun-Times said that the film "doesn't seem sure what tone to adopt, veering uncertainly from horror to laughs to romance."[7]

text: Accolades [edit]

text:
Year

Nominated work

Award

Result

1999

Funniest Supporting Actress in a Motion Picture  Dianne Wiest

American Comedy Award

Nominated

1999

Favorite Supporting Actress – Comedy/Romance  Stockard Channing

Blockbuster Entertainment Award

Won

1999

Favorite Actor – Comedy/Romance  Aidan Quinn

Blockbuster Entertainment Award

Nominated

1999

Favorite Song from a Movie  Faith Hill  For the song "This Kiss".

Blockbuster Entertainment Award

Nominated

1999

Favorite Supporting Actress – Comedy/Romance Dianne Wiest

Blockbuster Entertainment Award

Nominated

1999

Best Performance in a Feature Film – Supporting Young Actress  Camilla Belle

Young Artist Award

Nominated

1999

Best Performance in a Feature Film – Supporting Young Actress  Evan Rachel Wood

Young Artist Award

Nominated

text: In other media[edit]

text: In 2004, Warner Bros. and CBS produced Sudbury, a television pilot written by Becky Hartman Edwards, starring Kim Delaney in the role played by Bullock in the film, and Jeri Ryan in the role played by Kidman. The series, named for the Sudbury, Massachusetts location of the novel and film, was not picked up.

text: In 2010, Warner Bros. and ABC Family attempted to develop a reboot television series.[8]


document_title: Urinary incontinence

question_text: which term means involuntary contraction of the muscles surrounding the urethra

text: Urinary incontinence

text: Causes[edit]

text: The most common types of urinary incontinence in women are stress urinary incontinence and urge urinary incontinence. Women with both problems have mixed urinary incontinence. After menopause, estrogen production decreases and in some women urethral tissue will demonstrate atrophy with the tissue of the urethra becoming weaker and thinner.[2] Stress urinary incontinence is caused by loss of support of the urethra which is usually a consequence of damage to pelvic support structures as a result of childbirth. It is characterized by leaking of small amounts of urine with activities which increase abdominal pressure such as coughing, sneezing and lifting. Additionally, frequent exercise in high-impact activities can cause athletic incontinence to develop. Urge urinary incontinence is caused by uninhibited contractions of the detrusor muscle . It is characterized by leaking of large amounts of urine in association with insufficient warning to get to the bathroom in time.

text:
Polyuria (excessive urine production) of which, in turn, the most frequent causes are: uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, primary polydipsia (excessive fluid drinking), central diabetes insipidus and nephrogenic diabetes insipidus.[8] Polyuria generally causes urinary urgency and frequency, but doesn't necessarily lead to incontinence.
Enlarged prostate is the most common cause of incontinence in men after the age of 40; sometimes prostate cancer may also be associated with urinary incontinence. Moreover, drugs or radiation used to treat prostate cancer can also cause incontinence.
Disorders like multiple sclerosis, spina bifida, Parkinson's disease, strokes and spinal cord injury can all interfere with nerve function of the bladder.
Urinary incontinence is a likely outcome following a radical prostatectomy procedure.[9]
About 33% of all women experience UI after giving birth; women who deliver vaginally are about twice as likely to have urinary incontinence as women who give birth via a Caesarean section.[10]

text: Mechanism[edit]

text: Continence and micturition involve a balance between urethral closure and detrusor muscle activity. Urethral pressure normally exceeds bladder pressure, resulting in urine remaining in the bladder. The proximal urethra and bladder are both within the pelvis. Intra abdominal pressure increases (from coughing and sneezing) are transmitted to both urethra and bladder equally, leaving the pressure differential unchanged, resulting in continence. Normal voiding is the result of changes in both of these pressure factors: urethral pressure falls and bladder pressure rises.

text: The body stores urine — water and wastes removed by the kidneys — in the urinary bladder, a balloon-like organ. The bladder connects to the urethra, the tube through which urine leaves the body.

text: During urination, detrusor muscles in the wall of the bladder contract, forcing urine out of the bladder and into the urethra. At the same time, sphincter muscles surrounding the urethra relax, letting urine pass out of the body. Incontinence will occur if the bladder muscles suddenly contract (detrusor muscle) or muscles surrounding the urethra suddenly relax (sphincter muscles).

text: Children[edit]

text: Urination, or voiding, is a complex activity. The bladder is a balloonlike muscle that lies in the lowest part of the abdomen. The bladder stores urine, then releases it through the urethra, the canal that carries urine to the outside of the body. Controlling this activity involves nerves, muscles, the spinal cord and the brain.

text: The bladder is made of two types of muscles: the detrusor, a muscular sac that stores urine and squeezes to empty, and the sphincter, a circular group of muscles at the bottom or neck of the bladder that automatically stay contracted to hold the urine in and automatically relax when the detrusor contracts to let the urine into the urethra. A third group of muscles below the bladder (pelvic floor muscles) can contract to keep urine back.

text: A baby's bladder fills to a set point, then automatically contracts and empties. As the child gets older, the nervous system develops. The child's brain begins to get messages from the filling bladder and begins to send messages to the bladder to keep it from automatically emptying until the child decides it is the time and place to void.

text: Failures in this control mechanism result in incontinence. Reasons for this failure range from the simple to the complex.

text: Diagnosis[edit]

text: Patients with incontinence should be referred to a medical practitioner specializing in this field. Urologists specialize in the urinary tract, and some urologists further specialize in the female urinary tract. A urogynecologist is a gynecologist who has special training in urological problems in women. Family physicians and internists see patients for all kinds of complaints, and are well trained to diagnose and treat this common problem. These primary care specialists can refer patients to urology specialists if needed.

text: A careful history taking is essential especially in the pattern of voiding and urine leakage as it suggests the type of incontinence faced. Other important points include straining and discomfort, use of drugs, recent surgery, and illness.

text: The physical examination will focus on looking for signs of medical conditions causing incontinence, such as tumors that block the urinary tract, stool impaction, and poor reflexes or sensations, which may be evidence of a nerve-related cause.

text: A test often performed is the measurement of bladder capacity and residual urine for evidence of poorly functioning bladder muscles.

text: Other tests include:

text:
Stress test – the patient relaxes, then coughs vigorously as the doctor watches for loss of urine.
Urinalysis – urine is tested for evidence of infection, urinary stones, or other contributing causes.
Blood tests – blood is taken, sent to a laboratory, and examined for substances related to causes of incontinence.
Ultrasound – sound waves are used to visualize the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra.
Cystoscopy – a thin tube with a tiny camera is inserted in the urethra and used to see the inside of the urethra and bladder.
Urodynamics – various techniques measure pressure in the bladder and the flow of urine.

text: Patients are often asked to keep a diary for a day or more, up to a week, to record the pattern of voiding, noting times and the amounts of urine produced.

text: Research projects that assess the efficacy of anti-incontinence therapies often quantify the extent of urinary incontinence. The methods include the 1-h pad test, measuring leakage volume; using a voiding diary, counting the number of incontinence episodes (leakage episodes) per day; and assessing of the strength of pelvic floor muscles, measuring the maximum vaginal squeeze pressure.

text: Types[edit]

text:
Stress incontinence, also known as effort incontinence, is due essentially to insufficient strength of the pelvic floor muscles to prevent the passage of urine, especially during activities that increase intra-abdominal pressure, such as coughing, sneezing, or bearing down.
Urge incontinence is involuntary loss of urine occurring for no apparent reason while suddenly feeling the need or urge to urinate.
Overflow incontinence: Sometimes people find that they cannot stop their bladders from constantly dribbling or continuing to dribble for some time after they have passed urine. It is as if their bladders were constantly overflowing, hence the general name overflow incontinence.
Mixed incontinence is not uncommon in the elderly female population and can sometimes be complicated by urinary retention.
Structural incontinence: Rarely, structural problems can cause incontinence, usually diagnosed in childhood (for example, an ectopic ureter). Fistulas caused by obstetric and gynecologic trauma or injury are commonly known as obstetric fistulas and can lead to incontinence. These types of vaginal fistulas include, most commonly, vesicovaginal fistula and, more rarely, ureterovaginal fistula. These may be difficult to diagnose. The use of standard techniques along with a vaginogram or radiologically viewing the vaginal vault with instillation of contrast media.[11]
Functional incontinence occurs when a person recognizes the need to urinate but cannot make it to the bathroom. The loss of urine may be large. There are several causes of functional incontinence including confusion, dementia, poor eyesight, mobility or dexterity, unwillingness to toilet because of depression or anxiety or inebriation due to alcohol.[12] Functional incontinence can also occur in certain circumstances where no biological or medical problem is present. For example, a person may recognise the need to urinate but may be in a situation where there is no toilet nearby or access to a toilet is restricted.
Nocturnal enuresis is episodic UI while asleep. It is normal in young children.
Transient incontinence is a temporary incontinence most often seen in pregnant women when it subsequently resolves after the birth of the child.[13]
Giggle incontinence is an involuntary response to laughter. It usually affects children.
Double incontinence. There is also a related condition for defecation known as fecal incontinence. Due to involvement of the same muscle group (levator ani) in bladder and bowel continence, patients with urinary incontinence are more likely to have fecal incontinence in addition.[14] This is sometimes termed "double incontinence".
Post-void dribbling is the phenomenon where urine remaining in the urethra after voiding the bladder slowly leaks out after urination.
Coital incontinence (CI) is urinary leakage that occurs during either penetration or orgasm and can occur with a sexual partner or with masturbation. It has been reported to occur in 10% to 24% of sexually active women with pelvic floor disorders.[15]

text: Management[edit]

text: Treatment options range from conservative treatment, behavior management, bladder retraining,[16] pelvic floor therapy, collecting devices (for men), fixer-occluder devices for incontinence (in men), medications and surgery.[17] The success of treatment depends on the correct diagnoses.[18] Weight loss is recommended in those who are obese.[19]

text: Exercises[edit]

text: Exercising the muscles of the pelvis such as with Kegel exercises are a first line treatment for women with stress incontinence.[19] Efforts to increase the time between urination, known as bladder training, is recommended in those with urge incontinence.[19] Both these may be used in those with mixed incontinence.[19]

text: Small vaginal cones of increasing weight may be used to help with exercise.[20][21] They seem to be better than no active treatment in women with stress urinary incontinence, and have similar effects to training of pelvic floor muscles or electrostimulation.[21]

text: Biofeedback uses measuring devices to help the patient become aware of his or her body's functioning. By using electronic devices or diaries to track when the bladder and urethral muscles contract, the patient can gain control over these muscles. Biofeedback can be used with pelvic muscle exercises and electrical stimulation to relieve stress and urge incontinence.

text: Time voiding while urinating and bladder training are techniques that use biofeedback. In time voiding, the patient fills in a chart of voiding and leaking. From the patterns that appear in the chart, the patient can plan to empty his or her bladder before he or she would otherwise leak. Biofeedback and muscle conditioning, known as bladder training, can alter the bladder's schedule for storing and emptying urine. These techniques are effective for urge and overflow incontinence[citation needed]

text: A 2013 randomized controlled trial found no benefit of adding biofeedback to pelvic floor muscle exercise in stress urinary incontinence, but observing improvements in both groups.[22][non-primary source needed] In another randomized controlled trial the addition of biofeedback to the training of pelvic floor muscles for the treatment of stress urinary incontinence, improved pelvic floor muscle function, reduced urinary symptoms, and improved of the quality of life.[23][non-primary source needed]

text: Preoperative pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) in men undergoing radical prostatectomy was not effective in reducing urinary incontinence.[9]

text: Alternative exercises have been studied for stress urinary incontinence in women.[24] Evidence was insufficient to support the use of Paula method, abdominal muscle training, Pilates, Tai Chi, breathing exercises, postural training, and generalized fitness.[24]

text: Devices[edit]

text: Individuals who continue to experience urinary incontinence need to find a management solution that matches their individual situation. The use of devices has not been well studied in women as of 2014.[25]

text:
Collecting systems (for men) – consists of a sheath worn over the penis funneling the urine into a urine bag worn on the leg. These products come in a variety of materials and sizes for individual fit. Studies[26] show that urisheaths and urine bags are preferred over absorbent products – in particular when it comes to ‘limitations to daily activities’. Solutions exist for all levels of incontinence. Advantages with collecting systems are that they are discreet, the skin stays dry all the time, and they are convenient to use both day and night. Disadvantages are that it is necessary to get measured to ensure proper fit and you need a health care professional to write a prescription for them.
Absorbent products (include shields, undergarments, protective underwear, briefs, diapers, adult diapers and underpants) are the best known product types to manage incontinence. They are generally easy to get hold of in pharmacies or supermarkets. The advantages of using these are that they barely need any fitting or introduction by a health care specialist. The disadvantages with absorbent products are that they can be bulky, leak, have odors and can cause skin breakdown.
Fixer-occluder devices (for men) are strapped around the penis, softly pressing the urethra and stopping the flow of urine. This management solution is only suitable for light or moderate incontinence.
Indwelling catheters (also known as foleys) are very often used in hospital settings or if the user is not able to handle any of the above solutions himself. The indwelling catheter is typically connected to a urine bag that can be worn on the leg or hang on the side of the bed. Indwelling catheters need to be changed on a regular basis by a health care professional. The advantage of indwelling catheters are, that the urine gets funneled away from the body keeping the skin dry. The disadvantage, however, is that it is very common to get urinary tract infections when using indwelling catheters.[27]
Intermittent catheters are single use catheters that are inserted into the bladder to empty it, and once the bladder is empty they are removed and discarded. Intermittent catheters are primarily used for retention (inability to empty the bladder) but for some people can be used to reduce / avoid incontinence.

text: Medications[edit]

text: A number of medications exist to treat incontinence including: fesoterodine, tolterodine and oxybutynin.[28] While a number appear to have a small benefit, the risk of side effects are a concern.[28] For every ten or so people treated only one will become able to control their urine and all medication are of similar benefit.[29]

text: Medications are not recommended for those with stress incontinence and are only recommended in those who have urge incontinence who do not improve with bladder training.[19]

text: Surgery[edit]

text: Surgery may be used to help stress or overflow incontinence.[6] Common surgical techniques for stress incontinence include slings, tension-free vaginal tape, and bladder suspension among others.[6] Urodynamic testing seems to confirm that surgical restoration of vault prolapse can cure motor urge incontinence. In those with problems following prostate surgery there is little evidence regarding the use of surgery.[30]

text: Epidemiology[edit]

text: Globally, up to 35% of the population over the age of 60 years is estimated to be incontinent.[31] In 2014, urinary leakage affected between 30% and 40% of people over 65 years of age living in their own homes or apartments in the U.S.[32] Twenty-four percent of older adults in the U.S. have moderate or severe urinary incontinence that should be treated medically.[32]

text: Bladder control problems have been found to be associated with higher incidence of many other health problems such as obesity and diabetes. Difficulty with bladder control results in higher rates of depression and limited activity levels.[33]

text: Incontinence is expensive both to individuals in the form of bladder control products and to the health care system and nursing home industry. Injury related to incontinence is a leading cause of admission to assisted living and nursing care facilities. More than 50% of nursing facility admissions are related to incontinence.[34]

text: Children[edit]

text: Incontinence happens less often after age 5: About 10 percent of 5-year-olds, 5 percent of 10-year-olds, and 1 percent of 18-year-olds experience episodes of incontinence. It is twice as common in girls as in boys.[citation needed]

text: Women[edit]

text: Bladder symptoms affect women of all ages. However, bladder problems are most prevalent among older women.[35] Women over the age of 60 years are twice as likely as men to experience incontinence; one in three women over the age of 60 years are estimated to have bladder control problems.[31] One reason why women are more affected is the weakening of pelvic floor muscles by pregnancy.[36]

text: Men[edit]

text: Men tend to experience incontinence less often than women, and the structure of the male urinary tract accounts for this difference. It is common with prostate cancer treatments. Both women and men can become incontinent from neurologic injury, congenital defects, strokes, multiple sclerosis, and physical problems associated with aging.

text: While urinary incontinence affects older men more often than younger men, the onset of incontinence can happen at any age. Estimates in the mid-2000s suggested that 17 percent of men over age 60, an estimated 600,000 men, experienced urinary incontinence, with this percentage increasing with age.[37]

text: History[edit]

text: The management of urinary incontinence with pads is mentioned in the earliest medical book known, the Ebers Papyrus (1500 BC).[38]

text: Incontinence has historically been a taboo subject in Western culture. However, this situation changed some when Kimberly-Clark aggressively marketing adult diapers in the 1980s with actor June Allyson as spokeswoman. Allyson was initially reticent to participate, but her mother, who had incontinence, convinced her that it was her duty in light of her successful career. The product proved a success.[39]


document_title: List of India Twenty20 International cricket records

question_text: which country that india never beaten in t20

text: Listing Criteria[edit]

text: In general the top five are listed in each category (except when there is a tie for the last place among the five, when all the tied record holders are noted).

text: Listing Notation[edit]

text: Team Notation

text: (300–3) indicates that a team scored 300 runs for

text: three wickets and the innings was closed, either due to a successful run chase or if no overs remained (or are able) to be bowled.

text: (300) indicates that a team scored 300 runs and was all out, either by losing all ten wickets or by having one or more [[batsman

text: (cricket)|batsmen]] unable to bat and losing the remaining wickets.

text: Batting Notation

text: (100) indicates that a batsman scored 100 runs and was [[dismissal

text: (cricket)|out]].

text: (100*) indicates that a batsman scored 100 runs and was not out.

text: Bowling Notation

text: (5–25) indicates that a bowler has captured 5 wickets while giving

text: away 25 runs.

text: Currently playing

text: Record holders who are currently playing ODIs (i.e. their record

text: details listed could change) are shown in bold.

text: Team records[edit]

text: Team wins, losses, and ties[edit]

text: Matches played (total)[edit]

text:
Team
Matches
Won
Lost
Tie+W
Tie+L
No Result
% Won

 India
88
52
33
1
0
2
61.04

Note: Tie+W and Tie+L indicates matches tied and then won or lost in a tiebreaker such as a bowlout or one-over-eliminator ("Super Over")
The result percentage excludes no results and counts ties (irrespective of a tiebreaker) as half a win.
Source: Cricinfo. Last updated: 07 November 2017.

text: Matches played (by country)[edit]

text:
Opponent
Matches
Won
Lost
Tie+Win
Tie+Loss
No Result
% Won
First
Last

ICC Full Members

 Afghanistan
2
2
0
0
0
0
100.00
2010
2012

 Australia
15
10
5
0
0
0
66.66
2007
2017

 Bangladesh
5
5
0
0
0
0
100.00
2009
2016

 England
11
5
6
0
0
0
45.45
2007
2017

 Ireland
1
1
0
0
0
0
100.00
2009
2009

 New Zealand
8
2
6
0
0
0
25.00
2007
2017

 Pakistan
8
6
1
1
0
0
81.25
2007
2016

 South Africa
10
6
4
0
0
0
60.00
2006
2015

 Sri Lanka
11
7
4
0
0
0
63.63
2009
2017

 West Indies
8
2
5
0
0
1
28.57
2009
2017

 Zimbabwe
7
5
2
0
0
0
71.42
2010
2016

ICC Associate members

 Scotland
1
0
0
0
0
1
–
2007
2007

 United Arab Emirates
1
1
0
0
0
0
100.00
2016
2016

Total
88
52
33
1
0
2
61.04
2006
2017

Statistics are correct as of  India v  New Zealand at Greenfield International Stadium, Thiruvanathapuram, 7 November 2017.[1][2]

v
t
e

text: Team scoring records[edit]

text: Highest innings totals[edit]

text:
Score
Opposition
Venue
Highest Run Scorer
Date
Scorecard

244-4 (20.0 overs)
 West Indies
Lauderhill
Lokesh Rahul (110* from 51)
27 August 2016
Scorecard

218–4 (20.0 overs)
 England
Durban
Virender Sehwag (68 from 52)
19 September 2007
Scorecard

211–4 (19.1 overs)
 Sri Lanka
Mohali
Virender Sehwag (64 from 36)
12 December 2009
Scorecard

202–4 (19.4 overs)
 Australia
Rajkot
Yuvraj Singh (77* from 35)
10 October 2013
Scorecard

202–3 (20.0 overs)
 New Zealand
Delhi
Shikhar Dhawan (80 from 52)
1 November 2017
[1]

Source: Cricinfo. Last updated: 07 October 2017.

text: Highest match aggregate[edit]

text:
Score
Teams
Venue
Date

10/489 (40 overs)
 India (4/244) v  West Indies (6/245)
Lauderhill, Florida
27 August 2016

10/418 (40 overs)
 England (6/200) v  India (4/218)
Durban
19 September 2007

11/417 (39.1 overs)
 India (4/211) v  Sri Lanka (7/206)
Mohali
12 December 2009

11/403 (39.4 overs)
 India (4/202) v  Australia (7/201)
Rajkot
10 October 2013

14/401 (40 overs)
 India (9/186) v  Sri Lanka (5/215)
Nagpur
9 December 2009

Source: Cricinfo. Last updated:26 January 2017

text: Lowest innings totals[edit]

text:
Score
Opposition
Venue
Date
Scorecard

74 (17.3 overs)
 Australia
Melbourne
01 February 2008
Scorecard

79 (18.1 overs)
 New Zealand
Nagpur
15 March 2016
Scorecard

92 (17.2 overs)
 South Africa
Cuttack
05 October 2015
Scorecard

101 (18.5 overs)
 Sri Lanka
Pune
09 February 2016
Scorecard

118/8 (20 overs)
 South Africa
Nottingham
16 June 2009
Scorecard

118 (20.0 overs)
 Australia
Guwahati
10 October 2017
Scorecard

Source: Cricinfo. Last updated: 10 October 2017.

text: Individual records[edit]

text: Individual records (batting)[edit]

text: Most career runs[edit]

text:
Runs
Batsman
Matches
Innings
Average
ODI Career Span

1,956
Virat Kohli
55
51
52.86
2010–present

1,485
Rohit Sharma
68
61
30.30
2007–present

1,307
Suresh Raina
65
55
29.70
2006–present

1,281
Mahendra Singh Dhoni
83
72
35.58
2006–present

1,177
Yuvraj Singh
58
51
28.02
2007–present

Source:Cricinfo. Last updated: 07 November 2017.

text: Most runs in each batting position[edit]

text:
Batting Position
Batsman
Innings
Runs
Average
ODI Career Span

Opener
Rohit Sharma
38
1,085
31.00
2007–present

Number 3
Virat Kohli
40
1,618
57.79
2010–present

Number 4
Yuvraj Singh
30
791
31.64
2007–present

Number 5
Yuvraj Singh
18
358
23.87
2007–present

Number 6
Mahendra Singh Dhoni
27
510
34.00
2006–present

Number 7
Mahendra Singh Dhoni
9
116
38.67
2006–present

Number 8
Ravichandran Ashwin
6
49
24.50
2010–present

Number 9
Ravichandran Ashwin
4
57
28.50
2010–present

Number 10
Shanthakumaran Sreesanth
3
20
20.00
2006–2008

Number 11
Ishant Sharma
2
8
8.00
2008–present

Source: Cricinfo. Last updated: 07 November 2017

text: Highest individual score[edit]

text:
Runs
Batsman
Opposition
Venue
Year

110*
KL Rahul
 West Indies
Lauderhill
2016

106
Rohit Sharma
 South Africa
Dharamsala
2015

101
Suresh Raina
 South Africa
St. Lucia
2010

90*
Virat Kohli
 Australia
Adelaide
2016

89*
Virat Kohli
 West Indies
Mumbai
2016

83
Rohit Sharma
 Bangladesh
Dhaka
2016

Source: [2]. Last updated: 1 April 2016

text: Highest career strike rate[edit]

text:
Strike Rate
Batsman
Career Runs
Balls Faced
T20 Career Span

145.38
Virender Sehwag
394
271
2006–2012

137.84
Virat Kohli
1,956
1,419
2010–present

136.38
Yuvraj Singh
1,177
863
2007–present

132.96
Suresh Raina
1,307
983
2006–present

129.92
Rohit Sharma
1,485
1,143
2007–present

Qualification: 250 balls faced.
Source: Cricinfo. Last updated: 07 November 2017.

text: Most career sixes[edit]

text:
Sixes
Batsman
Innings
Career Runs
T20 Career Span

74
Yuvraj Singh
51
1,177
2007–present

56
Rohit Sharma
61
1,485
2007–present

47
Suresh Raina
55
1,307
2006–present

40
Mahendra Singh Dhoni
72
1,281
2006–present

40
Virat Kohli
51
1,956
2010–present

Source: Cricinfo. Last updated: 07 November 2017.

text: Most fifties and over[edit]

text:
50+s
Batsman
Innings
T20I career span

17
Virat Kohli
40
2010–present

11
Rohit Sharma
50
2007–present

8
Yuvraj Singh
46
2007–present

7
Gautam Gambhir
36
2007–2012

4
Suresh Raina
50
2006–present

Source: [3] Last updated: 29 March 2016

text: Most Centuries[edit]

text:
100s
Batsman
Innings
T20I career span

1
Suresh Raina
48
2006–present

1
Rohit Sharma
48
2007–present

1
KL Rahul
5
2016–present

Source: [4]. Last updated: 7 March 2016.

text: Individual records (bowling)[edit]

text: Best figures in a match[edit]

text:
Figures
Bowler
Opposition
Venue
Date

6-25
Y Chahal
 England
Bengaluru
1 February 2017

4–8
Ravichandran Ashwin
 Sri Lanka
Visakhapatnam
14 February 2016

4–11
Ravichandran Ashwin
 Australia
Dhaka
30 March 2014

4–12
Harbhajan Singh
 England
Colombo
23 September 2012

4–13
RP Singh
 South Africa
Durban
20 September 2007

4–19
Zaheer Khan
 Ireland
Nottingham
10 June 2009

Source: Cricinfo. Last updated: 01 February 2017

text: Most career wickets[edit]

text:
Wickets
Bowler
Innings
Bowling Average
T20 Career Span

52
Ravichandran Ashwin
46
22.94
2010–present

40
Jasprit Bumrah
30
18.40
2016–present

34
Ashish Nehra
27
22.29
2009–2017

31
Ravindra Jadeja
40
31.70
2009–present

28
Yuvraj Singh
31
17.82
2007–present

Irfan Pathan
23
22.07
2006–2012

Source: Cricinfo. Last updated: 07 November 2017.

text: Best career averages[edit]

text:
Average
Bowler
Matches
Wickets
T20 Career Span

13.20
Pragyan Ojha
6
10
2009–2010

14.41
Ashok Dinda
9
17
2009–2012

15.00
Amit Mishra
10
16
2010–present

Rudra Pratap Singh
10
15
2007–2009

17.82
Yuvraj Singh
58
28
2007–present

Qualification: 20 overs bowled.
Source: Cricinfo. Last updated: 07 November 2017.

text: Best economy rates[edit]

text:
Economy Rate
Bowler
Matches
Overs Bowled
T20 Career Span

6.20
Harbhajan Singh
28
102.0
2006–2016

6.28
Pragyan Ojha
6
21.0
2009–2010

6.31
Amit Mishra
10
38.0
2010–present

6.55
Axar Patel
10
38.0
2015–present

6.56
Piyush Chawla
7
23.0
2010–2012

Qualification: 20 overs bowled.
Source: Cricinfo. Last updated: 07 November 2017.

text: Individual records (wicket-keeping)[edit]

text: Most dismissals in career[edit]

text:
Dismissals
Wicket-Keeper
Catches
Stumpings
Innings
ODI Career Span

70
Mahendra Singh Dhoni
45
25
82
2006–present

2
Dinesh Karthik
0
2
1#
2006–present

1
Parthiv Patel
1
0
1
2011–2011

1
Robin Uthappa
1
0
2
2007–2015

0
Naman Ojha
0
0
2
2010–2010

# Dinesh Karthik shared keeping with Mahendra Singh Dhoni in one match.
Source: Cricinfo. Last updated: 07 November 2017.

text: Partnership records[edit]

text: Highest partnerships (by runs)[edit]

text:
Runs
Partnership
Players
Opposition
Venue
Date
Scorecard

158
1st wicket
Rohit Sharma & Shikhar Dhawan
 New Zealand
Delhi
01 November 2017
Scorecard

138
2nd wicket
Rohit Sharma & Virat Kohli
 South Africa
Dharamshala
02 October 2015
Scorecard

136
1st wicket
Gautam Gambhir & Virender Sehwag
 England
Durban
19 September 2007
Scorecard

134
3rd wicket
Virat Kohli & Suresh Raina
 Australia
Adelaide
26 January 2016
Scorecard

119
3rd wicket
Virat Kohli & Manish Pandey
 Sri Lanka
Colombo
06 September 2017
Scorecard

Source: Cricinfo. Last updated: 09 November 2017.


document_title: Island in the Sun (Weezer song)

question_text: who sang island in the sun in aquamarine

text: Island in the Sun (Weezer song)

text: Reception[edit]

text: Melissa Bobbitt at About.com ranked "Island in the Sun" as the 12th best Weezer song, saying it "exemplified a relaxed Southern California spirit".[6] It was named as one of the 12 best post-Pinkerton Weezer songs by The A.V. Club, where they refer to it as "...a reminder that Cuomo really does deserve Brian Wilson comparisons for reasons beyond being a hermetic weirdo with a solid grasp of pop songcraft".[7] Emily Tartanella of Magnet considers it the most overrated Weezer song, stating it should be "retired" from commercials and radio stations. Tartanella describes it as "so laid back it's practically catatonic".[8]

text: Music videos[edit]

text: There are two different videos for "Island in the Sun".

text: Version 1: Mexican wedding[edit]

text: This video was directed by Marcos Siega. It shows Weezer playing the song at a Mexican couple's wedding reception and features all four band members. The groom in the video is played by actor/singer Tony Gracia.

text: Version 2: Animals[edit]

text: This video was directed by Spike Jonze. It features Weezer playing with various wild animals on a supposedly remote hill (though it was actually filmed a short distance outside of Los Angeles, thought to be in the hills near Simi Valley). Only Brian Bell, Rivers Cuomo, and Pat Wilson appear in this video, as bassist Mikey Welsh had left the band shortly before shooting.

text: Jonze's version was given much wider play on MTV, and as a result it became the much better-known version. However, Siega's version is the one available for download on iTunes.

text: Track list[edit]

text: Radio-only promo CDNo.TitleLength1."Island in the Sun"3:20

text: UK CD1No.TitleLength1."Island in the Sun"3:202."Oh, Lisa"2:453."Always"2:054."Island in the Sun" (CD-ROM video)

text: UK CD2No.TitleLength1."Island in the Sun"3:202."Sugar Booger"3:403."Brightening Day"2:11

text: UK 7" (yellow vinyl)No.TitleLength1."Island in the Sun"3:202."Always"2:05

text: Japan CDNo.TitleLength1."Island in the Sun"3:202."Teenage Victory Song"3:053."Starlight"3:19

text: An erroneous short mix of "Always" ended up on the singles, and the correct mix (2:48) was released as an MP3 on the band's website.

text: Covers[edit]

text:
In 2006, Emma Roberts covered the song for the soundtrack of Aquamarine.
In 2009, the song was covered live by Selena Gomez with her band, Selena Gomez & the Scene on their A Year Without Rain Tour.

text: Chart performance[edit]

text:
Chart (2001–2002)

Peakposition

Australia (ARIA)[9]

78

Belgium (Ultratip Wallonia)[10]

9

France (SNEP)[11]

17

New Zealand (Recorded Music NZ)[12]

47

UK Singles (Official Charts Company)[13]

31

US Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles (Billboard)[14]

11

US Billboard Adult Top 40[15]

33

US Billboard Modern Rock Tracks[15]

11

Chart (2008)

Peakposition

US Billboard Hot Digital Songs[15]

57


document_title: Kentucky Derby top four finishers

question_text: who came in fourth in the 2018 kentucky derby

text: Kentucky Derby top four finishers

text: This is a listing of first-place, second-place, third-place and fourth-place finishers, and the number of starters in the Kentucky Derby, a Grade I American Thoroughbred race run at 1 1⁄4 miles on dirt for three-year-olds. It is the first leg of the American Triple Crown, run at Churchill Downs in Louisville, Kentucky.[1]

text:
Year
Winner
Second
Third
Fourth
Starters

2018
Justify †
Good Magic
Audible
Instilled Regard
20

2017
Always Dreaming
Lookin At Lee
Battle of Midway
Classic Empire
20

2016
Nyquist
Exaggerator
Gun Runner
Mohaymen
20

2015
American Pharoah †
Firing Line
Dortmund
Frosted
18

2014
California Chrome
Commanding Curve
Danza
Wicked Strong
19

2013
Orb
Golden Soul
Revolutionary
Normandy Invasion
19

2012
I'll Have Another
Bodemeister
Dullahan
Went The Day Well
20

2011
Animal Kingdom
Nehro
Mucho Macho Man
Shackleford
19

2010
Super Saver
Ice Box
Paddy O'Prado
Make Music for Me
20

2009
Mine That Bird
Pioneerof the Nile
Musket Man
Papa Clem
19

2008
Big Brown
Eight Belles
Denis of Cork
Tale of Ekati
20

2007
Street Sense
Hard Spun
Curlin
Imawildandcrazyguy
20

2006
Barbaro
Bluegrass Cat
Steppenwolfer
Jazil
20

2005
Giacomo
Closing Argument
Afleet Alex
Don't Get Mad
20

2004
Smarty Jones
Lion Heart
Imperialism
Limehouse
18

2003
Funny Cide
Empire Maker
Peace Rules
Atswhatimtalkinbout
16

2002
War Emblem
Proud Citizen
Perfect Drift
Medaglia d'Oro
18

2001
Monarchos
Invisible Ink
Congaree
Thunder Blitz
17

2000
Fusaichi Pegasus
Aptitude
Impeachment
More Than Ready
19

1999
Charismatic
Menifee
Cat Thief
Prime Timber
19

1998
Real Quiet
Victory Gallop
Indian Charlie
Halory Hunter
15

1997
Silver Charm
Captain Bodgit
Free House
Pulpit
13

1996
Grindstone
Cavonnier
Prince of Thieves
Halo Sunshine
19

1995
Thunder Gulch
Tejano Run
Timber Country
Jumron
19

1994
Go for Gin
Strodes Creek
Blumin Affair
Brocco
14

1993
Sea Hero
Prairie Bayou
Wild Gale
Personal Hope
19

1992
Lil E. Tee
Casual Lies
Dance Floor
Conte Di Savoya
18

1991
Strike the Gold
Best Pal
Mane Minister
Green Alligator
16

1990
Unbridled
Summer Squall
Pleasant Tap
Video Ranger
15

1989
Sunday Silence
Easy Goer
Awe Inspiring
Dansil
15

1988
Winning Colors
Forty Niner
Risen Star
Proper Reality
17

1987
Alysheba
Bet Twice
Avies Copy
Cryptoclearance
17

1986
Ferdinand
Bold Arrangement
Broad Brush
Rampage
16

1985
Spend A Buck
Stephan's Odyssey
Chief's Crown
Fast Account
13

1984 *
Swale
Coax Me Chad
At The Threshold
Fali Time
20

1983
Sunny's Halo
Desert Wine
Caveat
Slew o' Gold
20

1982
Gato Del Sol
Laser Light
Reinvested
Water Bank
19

1981
Pleasant Colony
Woodchopper
Partez
Classic Go Go
21

1980
Genuine Risk
Rumbo
Jaklin Klugman
Super Moment
13

1979
Spectacular Bid
General Assembly
Golden Act
King Celebrity
10

1978
Affirmed †
Alydar
Believe It
Darby Creek Road
11

1977
Seattle Slew †
Run Dusty Run
Sanhedrin
Get the Axe
15

1976
Bold Forbes
Honest Pleasure
Elocutionist
Amano
9

1975
Foolish Pleasure
Avatar
Diabolo
Master Derby
15

1974
Cannonade
Hudson County
Agitate
J. R.'s Pet
23

1973
Secretariat †
Sham
Our Native
Forego
13

1972
Riva Ridge
No Le Hace
Hold Your Peace
Introductivo
16

1971
Canonero II
Jim French
Bold Reason
Eastern Fleet
20

1970
Dust Commander
My Dad George
High Echelon
Naskra
17

1969
Majestic Prince
Arts and Letters
Dike
Traffic Mark
8

1968 *
Forward Pass
Francie's Hat
T.V. Commercial
Kentucky Sherry
14

1967
Proud Clarion
Barbs Delight
Damascus
Reason to Hail
14

1966
Kauai King
Advocator
Blue Skyer
Stupendous
15

1965
Lucky Debonair
Dapper Dan
Tom Rolfe
Native Charger
11

1964
Northern Dancer
Hill Rise
The Scoundrel
Roman Brother
12

1963
Chateaugay
Never Bend
Candy Spots
On My Honor
9

1962
Decidedly
Roman Line
Ridan
Sir Ribot
15

1961
Carry Back
Crozier
Bass Clef
Dr. Miller
15

1960
Venetian Way
Bally Ache
Victoria Park
Tompion
13

1959
Tomy Lee
Sword Dancer
First Landing
Royal Orbit
17

1958
Tim Tam
Lincoln Road
Noureddin
Jewel's Reward
14

1957
Iron Liege
Gallant Man
Round Table
Bold Ruler
9

1956
Needles
Fabius
Come On Red
Count Chic
17

1955
Swaps
Nashua
Summer Tan
Racing Fool
10

1954
Determine
Hasty Road
Hasseyampa
Goyamo
17

1953
Dark Star
Native Dancer
Invigorator
Royal Bay Gem
11

1952
Hill Gail
Sub Fleet
Blue Man
Master Fiddle
16

1951
Count Turf
Royal Mustang
Ruhe
Phil D
20

1950
Middleground
Hill Prince
Mr. Trouble
Sunglow
14

1949
Ponder
Capot
Palestinian
Old Rockport
14

1948
Citation †
Coaltown
My Request
Billings
6

1947
Jet Pilot
Phalanx
Faultless
On Trust
13

1946
Assault †
Spy Song
Hampden
Lord Boswell
17

1945
Hoop Jr.
Pot o' Luck
Darby Dieppe
Air Sailor
16

1944
Pensive
Broadcloth
Stir Up
Shut Up
16

1943
Count Fleet †
Blue Swords
Slide Rule
Amber Light
10

1942
Shut Out
Alsab
Valdina Orphan
With Regards
15

1941
Whirlaway †
Staretor
Market Wise
Porter's Cap
11

1940
Gallahadion
Bimelech
Dit
Mioland
8

1939
Johnstown
Challedon
Heather Broom
Viscountyb
8

1938
Lawrin
Dauber
Can't Wait
Menow
10

1937
War Admiral †
Pompoon
Reaping Reward
Melodist
20

1936
Bold Venture
Brevity
Indian Broom
Coldstream
14

1935
Omaha †
Roman Soldier
Whiskolo
Nellie Flag
18

1934
Cavalcade
Discovery
Agrarian
Mata Hari
13

1933
Brokers Tip
Head Play
Charley O.
Ladysman
13

1932
Burgoo King
Economic
Stepenfetchit
Brandon Mint
20

1931
Twenty Grand
Sweep All
Mate
Spanish Play
12

1930
Gallant Fox †
Gallant Knight
Ned O.
Gone Away
15

1929
Clyde Van Dusen
Naishapur
Panchio
Blue Larkspur
21

1928
Reigh Count
Misstep
Toro
Jack Higgins
22

1927
Whiskery
Osmand
Jock
Hydromel
15

1926
Bubbling Over
Bagenbaggage
Rock Man
Rhinock
13

1925
Flying Ebony
Captain Hal
Son of John
Single Foot
20

1924
Black Gold
Chilhowee
Beau Butler
Altawood
19

1923
Zev
Martingale
Vigil
Nassau
21

1922
Morvich
Bet Mosie
John Finn
Deadlock
10

1921
Behave Yourself
Black Servant
Prudery
Tryster
12

1920
Paul Jones
Upset
On Watch
Damask
17

1919
Sir Barton †
Billy Kelly
Under Fire
Valcanite
12

1918
Exterminator
Escoba
Viva America
War Cloud
8

1917
Omar Khayyam
Ticket
Midway
Rickety
15

1916
George Smith
Star Hawk
Franklin
Dodge
9

1915
Regret
Pebbles I
Sharpshooter
Royal II
16

1914
Old Rosebud
Hodge
Bronzewing
John Gund
7

1913
Donerail
Ten Point
Gowell
Foundation
8

1912
Worth
Duval
Flamma
Free Lance
7

1911
Meridian
Governor Gray
Colston
Mud Sill
7

1910
Donau
Joe Morris
Fighting Bob
Boola Boola
7

1909
Wintergreen
Miami
Dr. Barkley
Sir Catesby
10

1908
Stone Street
Sir Cleges
Dunvegan
Synchronized
8

1907
Pink Star
Zal
Ovelando
Red Gauntlet
6

1906
Sir Huon
Lady Navarre
James Reddick
Hyperion II
6

1905
Agile
Ram's Horn
Layson
none
3

1904
Elwood
Ed Tierney
Brancas
Prince Silverwings
5

1903
Judge Himes
Early
Bourbon
Bad News
6

1902
Alan-a-Dale
Inventor
The Rival
Abe Frank
4

1901
His Eminence
Sannazarro
Driscoll
Amur
5

1900
Lieut. Gibson
Florizar
Thrive
Highland Lad
7

1899
Manuel
Corsini
Mazo
His Lordship
5

1898
Plaudit
Lieber Karl
Isabey
Han d'Or
4

1897
Typhoon II
Ornament
Dr. Catlett
Dr. Shepard
6

1896
Ben Brush
Ben Eder
Semper Ego
First Mate
8

1895
Halma
Basso
Laureate
Curator
4

1894
Chant
Pearl Song
Sigurd
Al Boyer
5

1893
Lookout
Plutus
Boundless
Buck McCann
6

1892
Azra
Huron
Phil Dwyer
none
3

1891
Kingman
Balgowan
High Tariff
Hart Wallace
4

1890
Riley
Bill Letcher
Robespierre
Palisade
6

1889
Spokane
Proctor Knott
Once Again
Hindoocraft
8

1888
Macbeth II
Gallifet
White
Alexandria
7

1887
Montrose
Jim Gore
Jacobin
Banburg
7

1886
Ben Ali
Blue Wing
Free Knight
Lijero
10

1885
Joe Cotton
Bersan
Ten Booker
Favor
10

1884
Buchanan
Loftin
Audrain
Bob Miles
9

1883
Leonatus
Drake Carter
Lord Raglan
Ascender
7

1882
Apollo
Runnymede
Bengal
Harry Gilmore
14

1881
Hindoo
Lelex
Alfambra
Sligo
6

1880
Fonso
Kimball
Bancroft
Boulevard
5

1879
Lord Murphy
Falsetto
Strathmore
Trinadad
9

1878
Day Star
Himyar
Leveler
Solicitor
9

1877
Baden-Baden
Leonard
King William
Vera Cruz
11

1876
Vagrant
Creedmore
Harry Hill
Parole
11

1875
Aristides
Volcano
Verdigris
Bob Wooley
15

text: A † designates a Triple Crown Winner.

text: Note: D. Wayne Lukas swept the 1995 Triple Crown with two different horses.

text: *In 1968, Dancer's Image finished first, but was disqualified after a post-race urine sample revealed traces of a banned drug in the horse. The drug in question - phenylbutazone - illegal at the time, is now legal for use on racehorses in many states, including Kentucky. Forward Pass is now the 1968 winner of the Kentucky Derby.

text: *In 1984, Gate Dancer finished fourth, but was disqualified for fouling Fali Time, who was then moved up from 5th to 4th place.