document_title: Luke Morgan

question_text: who is luke morgan married to in hollyoaks

text: Luke Morgan

text: Development[edit]

text: Characterisation[edit]

text: The Mirror described him as "sullen face but loveable".[1] Luke has been described as a "heart-throb" and a "hunk" by the Daily Record.[2][3]

text: Male rape[edit]

text: Luke was bullied by Mark Gibbs and his friends for a while due to a football team rivalry. When Luke finally stood up to him Mark was incensed and he and his friends beat Luke up badly. When Luke tried to fight back Mark lost control and raped Luke to belittle and devastate him. Hollyoaks creator Phil Redmond defended criticism and said the storyline "aimed to tackle one of the last great social taboos responsibly".[4] In the lead up to the attack producers worked closely with rape-related support groups to help make the storyline as realistic as possible.[5] On the storyline Lucy said "When they first told me about the storyline I was dubious as to whether or not I should take it. Firstly because I was so young and secondly it hadn't been touched before so no-one knew how the public and press would take it. After thinking about it and doing research behind it I thought it was definitely a subject worth approaching. So we did it and reaped the rewards. I feel very lucky."[6] On why she wanted to tackle the subject series producer Jo Hallows said "The message is about banishing taboos - telling people it's OK to talk and there are people who can help. If this episode helps one person it will have been a worthwhile exercise."[5] Keith Greenaway, coordinator of Central Birmingham Victim Support welcomed the decision saying "we can show victims it is not something to be ashamed of and it wasn't their fault".[5]

text: Following the end of the storyline, Luke began to struggle with depression, which led to the character attempting suicide.[7]

text: Reintroduction and break[edit]

text: On 21 May 2017, it was reported by Ed Gleave of The Daily Star that Lucy had agreed to reprise the role after an absence of fifteen years and had signed an eighteen-month contract.[8] The longer contract allowed producers to create "some really meaty storylines" for the character, which would place him at "the centre of the action."[8] Lucy began filming in May 2017.[8] A show spokesperson confirmed the news to Digital Spy but refused to comment any further.[7] Sarah James (Digital Spy) praised the news and said she was looking forward to his return.[7]

text:
"Luke is definitely not the same person and it is definitely not for the better. Hopefully it'll be make for good viewing though."[9]

—Gary Lucy on how Luke acts upon his return. (2017)

tag: div

text: Sarah Jayne Dunn was announced to be returning to the serial as Mandy Richardson on 2 June 2017, with speculation that the two returns could be connected.[10] Further details surrounding Luke's reintroduction were also announced, with his return scenes scheduled for July 2017. Lucy expressed his joy at reprising the role, commenting that it "feels like being home".[11] He added that he is enjoying his storylines and filming with Ashley Taylor Dawson, who appeared alongside Morgan in his original stint as Darren Osborne.[11] On the character, Lucy said, "There are a lot of things he's struggling with. All is not as it seems. He's holding it together but as time goes on, he will start to struggle."[11]

text: Executive producer Bryan Kirkwood suggested some storylines to Lucy, which persuaded him to accept the return. The actor also cited Kirkwood's enthusiasm and the ability to film with Dunn, Dawson and Nick Pickard (who portrays Tony Hutchinson) as other reasons for his return.[9]

text: In July 2017, Lucy told Daniel Kilkelly of entertainment website Digital Spy that he would be performing in The Full Monty from September 2018. He stated that he was unaware how show bosses would fit his break into the character's storyline.[12] It was announced on 15 March 2018 that Lucy would take a nine-month break from Hollyoaks to star in the tour. Luke will leave at the conclusion of his storyline in mid-2018.[13]

text: Storylines[edit]

text: Luke arrives with his family: parents Andy Morgan (Ross Davidson) and Sue Morgan (Eve White); brother Adam Morgan (David Brown); and sisters Beth Morgan (Elizabeth O'Grady, Kate Baines) and Zara Morgan (Kelly Greenwood). He begins a friendship with Darren Osborne (Ashley Taylor Dawson) and a relationship with Mandy Richardson (Sarah Jayne Dunn). During a game of football, Luke tackles Mark Gibbs (Colin Parry) which ends Mark's chances of becoming a professional footballer and leads to Mark resenting Luke and bullying him. When Luke stands up to Mark, he becomes annoyed and beats him up, before raping him. Luke remains silent about the rape, afraid of the consequences and his relationship with Mandy deteriorates as a result. They separate and she begins a relationship with Darren, aware it will upset Luke. When he tries to tell Mandy about the rape, she ignores him and tries to punish him for their separation.

text: Luke becomes depressed and attempts suicide so Adam encourages him to talk to someone and Luke tells his family that he was raped. Sue, Adam and Mandy are supportive, whereas Andy struggles to believe his son. Darren is spiteful towards Luke and believes Luke is gay and lying about the rape. Annoyed at Darren's behaviour, Mandy ends their relationship and supports Luke. Sue begins to struggle with the pressure of the rape and begins taking medication. After Mark intimidates him, Luke decides to inform the police he was raped and Mark, along with his two friends, are charged with assault and rape. Believing the family will be disowned by the community, Andy asks Luke to drop the charges and later, Mark harasses Luke and tells him that he won't be believed. At the trial, Mark and his friends are found guilty and Mark is sentenced to eight years imprisonment, whereas the friends are sentenced to three years imprisonment.

text: Luke and Andy's relationship becomes estranged and he sells the story of his rape to the press to humiliate Andy. Eventually, they reunite but Luke struggles with Andy and Sue's inability to discuss the rape so decides to move out. Luke later expresses an interest in reconciling with Mandy but she decides not to as he is still overcoming the rape and secretly dates Ben Davies (Marcus Patric), Luke's close friend. Luke discovers their affair and briefly disowns them. Hoping to move on, Luke begins a relationship with Laura Burns (Lesley Crawford), who is mentally unstable. He begins to believe Laura is using him and is pleased when they separate, although Laura begins to secretly obsess over Mandy.

text: At a party, Scott Anderson (Daniel Hyde) teases Luke over the rape and with his friends, he chases Luke and pretends to rape him. Luke is traumatised by the attack and breaks down with Adam, admitting that he will not be able to move past the rape. He later tells Adam that he plans on leaving the village to escape his past. Luke is offered a job in Canada as a school football coach, which he accepts. As he prepares to leave, Beth admits that Scott raped her at the party, devastating Luke as he blames himself. After deciding to stay in the village to support Beth, she insists he leave to rebuild his life, which he eventually decides to do. Luke leaves and after he settles in Canada, Beth informs their family of her rape. Luke later returns to the village for his parents' second wedding. Despite being in a relationship with Adam, Mandy has a fling with Luke after realising they have feelings for each other. Luke offers Mandy the chance to return to Canada with him, but she declines and he returns alone.

text: Fifteen years later, Darren spots Luke in a bar near Hollyoaks village and they have lunch together; when Darren disappears momentarily, Luke steals money from his wallet and absconds. Darren tracks Luke down and discovers he is unemployed so offers him a job at his taxi firm, Daz Cabs. A drunk Luke later returns home to his partner, who is revealed to be Mandy; she warns him to stop drinking. When Darren discovers Luke drinking alcohol whilst working, he sacks him; they discuss Luke's situation and Luke denies being an alcoholic. Darren invites Luke to an AA meeting but he does not arrive as planned. Luke leaves Mandy's daughter, Ella Richardson (Erin Palmer), by herself when he goes to buy alcohol and the neighbours call social services. Tony and Mandy return to the house and find social services waiting for them. They take Ella in to care and when Luke returns drunk again Mandy leaves him.

text: Five weeks later, Luke returns to the village to see Mandy and he is not drunk. He tries to win her around but she rejects him so he walks away. However he meets Tony's wife Diane for the first time and she reveals Tony kissed Mandy so Luke heads over to Tony's restaurant and has a fight with him. When Darren is released from prison and he discovers Luke is homeless and living out of his car. After Luke emotionally reveals to Darren that he has a drink problem, Darren moves him in with the Osbornes. After setting into life with the Osbornes, Luke gets a trial at Hollyoaks High as a PE teacher. However, on his first day he is haunted by flashbacks of his torment at the hands of Mark Gibbs years before. Just as Luke is about to drink for the first time in over a month, an explosion rips through the school, leaving Darren and Luke trapped. As Darren and Luke climb through an air vent, Luke reveals to Darren that he has a secret son and wife.

text: The following month, Mandy decides to give Luke a second chance and they go on a date in Chester. Luke flees after seeing his rapist, Mark. He then becomes obsessed with Mark, stalking him on social media and trying to arrange a meeting with him to buy his car using Nancy's picture. Luke is furious that Mark has a seemingly charmed life, with a wife and two children. He becomes a personal trainer and takes Mark's wife, Jenna, (Laura Hopper) as a client. She tells Luke that Mark served eight years for a trumped up GBH charge. Fuming, Luke finds out where they live and trashes their house.

text: After seeing Luke at the police station with Nancy, Mark confronts him at the Osborne house. Mark continues to behave as cockily as he did 17 years ago and shows no remorse for what happened. Mark goes to meet Jenna but finds Luke has followed him. Mark's demeanour has changed, saying his prison sentence was hell because of what he had done. Luke breaks down and reveals the agony of his life because of the rape, and asks Mark just to acknowledge what he did and apologise. Mark begs Luke not to tell Jenna and that he is not to blame for what has gone wrong in his life. Just then, Jenna overhears and asks what he meant, and Luke reveals what Mark had done to him. Jenna believes him due to Mark's silence and storms off, disgusted. Mark tells Luke it was one night and should have been left in the past. Luke responds that it is all his fault.

text: Mandy and Luke reconcile after she can see how hard he's trying to redeem himself, and in the process Mandy proposes. Luke agrees, even though he is already married to Scarlett Morgan (Susie Amy). Luke seeks help from lawyer Sami Maalik (Rishi Nair) to get a divorce from Scarlett, but they are unable to track her down. Luke damages Mandy's dress in a bid to delay the wedding, but she find another dress. On the day of the wedding, Scarlett arrives in the village and confronts Luke, demanding that he give her money. He offers her £500 and a promise to find more money so Scarlett leaves. Luke and Mandy marry, but Luke's son, Oliver Morgan (Aedan Duckworth), crashes the wedding reception and reveals that Luke is his father and that he is still married to Scarlett. Luke bonds with Oliver over their shared interest in football. Later, Luke calls Mandy to apologise, unaware that she is sleeping with Darren.

text: Reception[edit]

text: For his portrayal of Luke, Lucy was awarded "Best Newcomer" at the 2000 British Soap Awards.[14] This award is the first award won by the soap at the British Soap Awards.[15] The trial was nominated for "Most Dramatic Storyline" at the 2001 Inside Soap Awards.[16] A BBC columnist included Luke's rape storyline in their article about controversial issues portrayed through soap opera.[17] Daily Record praised the storyline saying Lucy's was "great at portraying Luke's harrowing ordeal".[18] The story even attracted the attention of Coronation Street actress Julie Goodyear who opined that it "was portrayed with the right amount of sensitivity".[18]

text: A writer from MSN described his rape storyline as "groundbreaking" material.[19] But the storyline received criticism from Watchdog and some churches.[20] A reporter from Virgin Media branded it "devastating and frightening" and placed it on their "soap's scariest storylines" list.[21] Gareth McLean of the Radio Times listed the male rape plot amongst "the top five soap scandals - ever" and added that "with fewer than one in ten male rapes reported, the storyline was praised for raising awareness, but also criticised for doing so in a soap aimed at teenagers".[22] In addition a BBC reporter noted that Lucy's portrayal garnered praise from a performance which "showed him retreating from the situation and eventually attempting suicide" and adjusting to life after the trial.[23] Elizabeth Joyce of the Shropshire Star said that Luke was a "genuinely memorable" and "decent character", who still holds "a place in the heart of many a late-twentysomething".[24]

text: An Inside Soap columnist included Luke's rape in a feature, highlighting memorable moments in 2000. They noted the story accumulated criticism from viewers who found the scenes "too upsetting".[15]


document_title: Time Lord

question_text: what do you call a female time lord

question_tokens: what do you call a female time lord

root

text: Time Lord

text: Creation[edit]

text: In an audio commentary recorded for the 2009 DVD release of The War Games (1969), producer Derrick Sherwin mentioned how in a discussion with the serial's co-writer Terrance Dicks the previous day, Dicks was "absolutely certain" that Sherwin created the Time Lords for the serial, although Sherwin could not remember himself.[27] Later in the commentary, Dicks recalled Sherwin telling him in the discussions with Dicks and Dicks' fellow co-writer Malcolm Hulke that because the Doctor had always been established as being on the run from his own people, that if he has to appeal to them, the Doctor would be in trouble.[28] In a 2016 interview with The Essential Doctor Who magazine, Dicks mentioned how when Sherwin and he were discussing The War Games one day, Sherwin said, "He belongs to this mysterious race called the Time Lords, doesn't he?" with "everything" ultimately coming from that discussion.[29] In The War Games DVD commentary, Sherwin mentioned that he recalled hearing about the Time Lords at the beginning of the series, but as no one else remembered this, it "might have come out of [his] dreams".[28]

tag: p

text: Elaborating on this genesis in a 2014 interview in Doctor Who Magazine, Sherwin said of The War Games, "It was a case of what shall we do, how can we end this? Let's go back to the beginning and say [the Doctor] was a Time Lord, a renegade Time Lord, a pain in the arse for the other Time Lords who stole his TARDIS and buggered off around the universe. So if he's going to be called to book let's bring in the Time Lords."[30]

text: Overview[edit]

text: Early on in the series, the Doctor was identified as a human being;[31][32][33][34] however, his home planet, which from the start of the series is explicitly established as not being Earth,[35][36] was not named. In The War Games (1969), the Doctor's people appeared, who from then on are known as a race called Time Lords,[37][38] and in Spearhead from Space (1970), the Doctor's earlier description of himself as a human is retconned when the Third Doctor explicitly states that he is not human.[39][40] In The Time Warrior (1973–74), the name of the Doctor's home planet (Gallifrey) was revealed on screen for the first time.[41][3] The nature and history of the Time Lords were gradually revealed as the television programme progressed.

text: The Time Lords are considered one of the oldest and most technologically powerful races in the Doctor Who universe. In The Time Warrior, the Time Lords are characterised by Sontaran military intelligence, quoted by Commander Linx, as "A race of great technical achievement, but lacking the morale to withstand a determined assault."[3] The Tenth Doctor says in "The Sound of Drums" (2007) that they are "the oldest and most mighty race in the universe".[9] In "The Witch's Familiar" (2015), Davros mentions a prophecy on the Doctor's world that spoke of a hybrid made up of "two great warrior races forced together to create a warrior greater than either", which is "half-Dalek, half-Time Lord",[12] while in "Hell Bent" (2015), the General, while describing the prophecy of the Hybrid, mentions the Time Lords as one of two warrior races along with the Daleks.[14] In "Before the Flood" (2015), the Fisher King describes the Time Lords as "Cowardly, vain curators, who suddenly remembered they had teeth, and became the most warlike race in the galaxy."[13] In the very distant past, the Time Lords fought a genocidal war against the Great Vampires, which led to such a catastrophic loss of life that the Time Lords renounced violence.[citation needed] In some spinoff media, the Time Lords are also allied with less developed "Temporal Powers".[citation needed] In The War Games, the Second Doctor mentions that the Time Lords' "great powers" are hardly ever used due to their policy of non-intervention into the affairs of other planets, and that they instead observe and gather knowledge. Because of this, holding a trial is a "very rare" event for the Time Lords. Exceptions to this policy are made only in extreme circumstances when they feel they have to, such as where the Doctor calls them for help in the serial.[1]

text: At the start of the 2005 television series, Gallifrey was thought to have been destroyed and the Time Lords functionally extinct as a result of a mutually destructive Time War with the Dalek race; the Ninth Doctor describes his planet as "just rocks and dust" in "The End of the World" (2005),[42] and mentions in "Dalek" (2005) that the Time Lords "burnt" with the Daleks at the end of the "Last Great Time War",[43] and the Tenth Doctor tells the Master in "The Sound of Drums" (2007) that the Time Lords are "dead" and "[a]ll [they've] got is each other."[9] The Doctor describes himself as the last of his kind and his planet burnt on numerous other occasions, as do other individuals, such as the Krillitane Mr Finch in "School Reunion" (2006).[44]

text: In "Father's Day" (2005), the Ninth Doctor remarks that before Time Lords were "all gone", they would have prevented or repaired paradoxes such as that which attracted the Reapers to 1987 Earth.[45]

text: In "Rise of the Cybermen" (2006), the Tenth Doctor mentions, "When the Time Lords kept their eye on everything, you could pop between realities, home in time for tea. Then they died, and took it all with them. Walls of reality closed, the worlds were sealed. Everything became that bit less kind."[46] In "The Satan Pit" (2006), the Tenth Doctor states that his people "practically invented black holes. Well, in fact, they did."[47] Both the Beast (in "The Satan Pit")[48] and the Doctor (in "The Sound of Drums" and "The Doctor's Wife", 2011)[49][50] believe the Doctor ended the War by killing all of the Time Lords and many of the Daleks.

text: The Tenth Doctor's artificially created "daughter" Jenny is speculated by Donna Noble in "The Doctor's Daughter" (2008) to be a surviving Time Lord, though the Doctor initially rejects the suggestion.[51]

text: Two other Time Lord-like beings appeared in "Journey's End" (2008): Donna, briefly empowered with the mind and knowledge of a Time Lord, and a half-human clone of the Tenth Doctor. Donna's memories related to the Doctor, as well as her Time Lord knowledge, are buried in order to save her life, while the clone lives out his existence in a parallel universe with Rose Tyler.[52]

text: The End of Time (2009–10) shows the High Council of Time Lords, led by Lord President Rassilon, attempting to escape the Time War by materialising Gallifrey in the place of Earth at Christmas. However, the Tenth Doctor destroys the device which allows their passage into the present, sending them back into the events of the Time War.[53]

text: During the episode "The Doctor's Wife" it is revealed that several Time Lords and their TARDISes had been trapped and destroyed by an entity called House who lived in a separate bubble universe.[54]

text: In "A Good Man Goes to War" (2011), it is revealed that the daughter of Amy Pond and Rory Williams, Melody Pond, who later goes by her transliterated name "River Song", has been born with Time Lord-like genetic traits. An old acquaintance of the Doctor's, Madame Vastra, reminds the Doctor that the Time Lord race developed due to their billions of years' exposure to the time vortex. The Doctor then recalls that Rory and Amy had spent their wedding night in the TARDIS; therefore it is theorised by Vastra that River's conception mirrored that of the Time Lords' genesis and therefore she herself developed Time Lord genetic characteristics.[55]

text: In "The Night of the Doctor" (2013), it is shown that the Eighth Doctor regenerates into the War Doctor to fight in the Time War.[56] Many years later, as shown during "The Day of the Doctor" (2013) and also described by the Partisan in The End of Time, the War Doctor originally planned to use a Time Lord weapon known as the Moment to destroy the Time Lords and Daleks.[53][57] However, after being shown the Tenth and Eleventh Doctors during "The Day of the Doctor", he works together with them to change the assumed outcome of the Time War: thirteen incarnations of the Doctor team up together to freeze Gallifrey in time and place it outside of their universe, protecting it and the remaining Time Lords while the Daleks destroy themselves in their own crossfire once Gallifrey was gone. The War Doctor does not retain the memory of these events and spends centuries believing he burnt Gallifrey until the Eleventh Doctor's time because of the time streams being out of sync after meeting his future selves. Indeed, earlier on in the episode, both the Tenth and the Eleventh Doctors mistakenly believe that the War Doctor killed all of the Time Lords on the last day of the Time War. After being informed that the plan to save Gallifrey is successful, the Eleventh Doctor has now set out to find Gallifrey and restore the Time Lords.[57]

text: In "The Time of the Doctor," the Doctor visits the planet Trenzalore where he discovers a question being broadcast through all of time and space through a crack in the universe: "Doctor Who?" The Doctor realizes that the Time Lords are attempting to return to the universe and will come back if he speaks his true name. Due to "half the universe" surrounding Trenzalore, a siege begins that lasts centuries as the Doctor knows that if the Time Lords return, the Time War will begin anew. With the Doctor on the verge of death, Clara Oswald pleads with the Time Lords through the crack to intervene and save the Doctor. Through the crack, the Time Lords grant the Doctor a new regeneration cycle, saving his life before sealing the crack again.

text: In "Hell Bent" (2015), it is revealed that Gallifrey returned to the universe around the time of its end.[14] After escaping his confession dial in "Heaven Sent" (2015), still furious over the death of Clara Oswald in "Face the Raven" (2015),[58] the Doctor manages to depose Rassilon—who had put the Doctor there to begin with for questioning—and exile him in "Hell Bent" before running off again.[14]

text: Physical characteristics[edit]

text: Time Lords and human beings look alike,[59][60] however they differ in many respects. Physiological differences from humans include two hearts which normally beat at 170 beats per minute,[61] an internal body temperature of 15 degrees Celsius (59 degrees Fahrenheit)[citation needed] and a "respiratory bypass system" that allows them to survive strangulation.[citation needed] Time Lords also seem to have an increased resilience to higher frequencies of sound, as seen in "The Christmas Invasion"[62] and "Partners in Crime".[63] If severely injured, Time Lords can go into a healing coma which lowers their body temperature to below freezing.[citation needed] In the serial Destiny of the Daleks,[64] Romana was able to voluntarily stop both of her hearts beating, to fool the Daleks into believing that she was dead. The Doctor also shows a greater tolerance to cold compared to humans in The Seeds of Doom[65] and "Planet of the Ood"[66] and even Romana in The Ribos Operation,[67] and in "42",[68] the Tenth Doctor states he is able to survive at absolute zero for a short period of time. In "World War Three",[69] the Doctor is able to shake off an electrocution attempt which is fatal to a number of humans, and appears unaffected by the energy whip wielded by the Sycorax in "The Christmas Invasion".[62] In "Smith and Jones" the Tenth Doctor says that the radiation given off by X-rays pose no real threat to Time Lords, and proceeds to absorb an amount that would be lethal to a human, which he subsequently expels through his foot.[6] The End of Time[53] shows the Tenth Doctor as being capable of surviving (for a short period) a massive burst of radiation that would have killed anything else instantly. However, the radiation burst caused enough damage to start a regeneration cycle.

text: Time Lords are extremely long-lived, routinely counting their ages in terms of centuries; the Second Doctor claimed in The War Games[38] that Time Lords could live "practically forever, barring accidents." The series has suggested that Time Lords have a different concept of ageing from humans. In Pyramids of Mars,[70] the Fourth Doctor considers an age of 750 years to be "middle-aged". In "The Stolen Earth",[71] the Tenth Doctor refers to when his original incarnation was a "kid" at 90 years old. However, within a specific incarnation, a Time Lord is able to age, albeit much more slowly than a human. The War Doctor[56][57] and Eleventh Doctor,[72] over the course of the Last Great Time War and the Battle of Trenzalore, respectively, are seen to age within their respective incarnations to what would appear to a human to be old age; both conflicts are suggested within the series to last hundreds if not thousands of Earth years.[note 2]

text: In The Daleks' Master Plan,[74] the First Doctor is able to resist the effects of the Time Destructor better than his companions, who are visibly aged by it; one of them, Sara Kingdom, ages to dust before the Destructor device can be reversed. The Fourth Doctor is briefly aged 500 years in The Leisure Hive, leaving him an old man but still active.[75] A similar situation occurred in "The Sound of Drums", where the Master uses specially made technology to age the Tenth Doctor by a century, leaving him in a frail and helpless state.[9] A further application of this technology in the following episode, "Last of the Time Lords", suspends the Doctor's capacity to regenerate, showing the effects of 900 years of life without regeneration.[76]

text: In The Two Doctors,[77] the Second Doctor states that the "Rassilon Imprimatur" allows Time Lords to safely travel through time, becoming symbionts with their TARDISes, and that the reason other species are incapable of developing time travel is that they lack the imprimatur. However, he implies later that he was lying about at least some of this information to mislead the Sontarans. At the beginning of The Trial of a Time Lord,[78] the Sixth Doctor suggests that a number of elder Time Lords were able to use their combined mental energy to summon his TARDIS against his will.

text: Time Lords can survive, but not function properly, without two hearts.[59][79][80] In "The Shakespeare Code",[79] the Tenth Doctor has only one heart working. He knows this and tries and fails to stand up, until both of them start working again. Also, in "The Power of Three",[80] after a massive electric current is passed through the Eleventh Doctor, he is left with only one heart in working condition and is unable to carry on for a long period of time.

text: In "The Unicorn and the Wasp", the Tenth Doctor is able to overcome the effects of cyanide by "stimulating the inhibited enzymes into reversal", a process he referred to as going through "detox".[81]

text: In the episode "Cold Blood",[82] the Eleventh Doctor experiences excruciating pain when the Silurian attempts to decontaminate him of surface bacteria. The Doctor states this would kill him, most likely due to the scanners being programmed to "detox" humans and therefore being unaware of what elements the Doctor requires.

text: A Time Lord is able to conceal their Time Lord nature, and become a human, by using the Chameleon Arch - a device that stores their "essence" and memories in an innocuous device such as a fob watch, and replaces them with false counterparts until the object is later re-opened. The process allows them to disguise themselves as humans physiologically and psychologically, meaning they only have one heart and are stripped of non-human powers, and of any memory of having been a Time Lord. This story element was notably featured in Series 3; the Doctor uses it to hide himself from the Family of Blood and becomes a schoolteacher in Edwardian England.[7][83] His nemesis the Master used it to disguise himself as a human to escape the Time War.[8]

text: Mental powers[edit]

text: Time Lords can communicate by telepathy,[59][84] and can link their minds to share information and enhance their powers.[85] In Castrovalva,[86] the Doctor activates the TARDIS' Zero Room mentally. Additionally, both the Doctor and the Master demonstrate significant hypnotic abilities which may be supplemented by their telepathic abilities.[citation needed]

text: These powers were elaborated upon from 2005. The Eleventh Doctor is seen using this method to query a cat about the goings-on of the flat in "The Lodger".[87] In "A Good Man Goes to War" [55] and "Closing Time" [88] he is apparently able to even understand babies, as well as horses in "A Town Called Mercy".[89] In "The Girl in the Fireplace",[90] the Tenth Doctor reads the mind of Madame de Pompadour—and in the process, to his surprise, she is able to read his mind as well. In Paul Cornell's Virgin New Adventures novel Love and War,[91] the Doctor uses a similar method to read the mind of his companion Bernice Summerfield. In The End of Time,[92] the Master uses the same technique, allowing the Tenth Doctor to hear the drumming sound the Master constantly hears. The Doctor later displays his telepathic communion powers in "Fear Her" [93] and in "The Shakespeare Code",[79] where by using his mind melding technique he is partially able to relieve a man of his mental illness as he traces back through his memories. In "Planet of the Ood",[66] the Tenth Doctor seems able to temporarily confer some degree of telepathy on his companion Donna Noble, so that she can hear the telepathic song of the Ood. When she is unable to bear the song, the Doctor removes the ability. This telepathic ability is also extended to other alien species to some extent. In the same episode, he is able to "hear" the Ood's telepathic song where the humans could not.

text: In "The Lodger",[87] the Eleventh Doctor (pressed for time and needing to convey a great deal of information to someone) smashed his forehead into another person's forehead, causing a massive instantaneous transfer of information. He then commented that was just the general background, then repeats the action to transfer further information pertinent to the episode.

text: The Doctor also contacts the Time Lords by going into a trance and creating an assembling box in The War Games.[38] In The Two Doctors,[77] the Doctor engages in astral projection, but warns that if he is disturbed while doing so, his mind could become severed from his body and he could die. In "Last of the Time Lords", the Doctor telepathically interfaces with a network tapped into the human population who collectively chant his name. The focus of psychic energy granted the Doctor the ability to de-age himself, float through the air, deflect shots from the Master's laser screwdriver, and telekinetically disarm the Master.[76]

text: In addition, Time Lords may be clairvoyant, or have additional time-related senses. In The Time Monster,[94] and Invasion of the Dinosaurs,[95] the Third Doctor is able to resist fields of slow time, being able to move through them even though others are paralysed. In City of Death,[96] both the Fourth Doctor and Romana notice distortions and jumps in time that no one else does. In the 2010 episode "The Lodger",[87] the Eleventh Doctor is the only one to notice (and remain free of) the time loops caused by the activation of the Time Engine.

text: In the 2005 series, the Ninth Doctor claims that he can sense the movement of the Earth through space[97] as well as being able to perceive the past and all possible futures.[98] He is also able to concentrate and time his motions well enough to step safely through the blades of a rapidly spinning fan,[42] and later claims that if any Time Lords still existed, he would be able to sense them.[9] As the Tenth Doctor he repeats this assertion, adding also that he is somehow innately able to sense which events in time are 'fixed' and which are in 'flux'.[99] The Eleventh Doctor slightly amends what was said earlier in "The Doctor's Wife",[54] saying that he could only sense if there were other Time Lords in this universe. In the original series episode Warriors' Gate, Romana is called a 'time-sensitive' by a marauding slaver and, though she seems to deny this, is able to interface with his spaceship in ways that only a 'time-sensitive' is supposed to be able to.[100] In "Utopia",[8] the Tenth Doctor states that he finds it difficult to look at Captain Jack Harkness because Jack's existence has become fixed in time and space.

text: In the Series 4 episode "Journey's End",[52][101] the Tenth Doctor was shown to use his telepathic abilities to wipe Donna Noble's mind of certain memories, specifically the memories of her travels in the TARDIS and to 'implant' a defence mechanism which is activated in The End of Time.[53] The War Games [38] showed that other Time Lords are also able to erase people's memories, as in that story, Jamie and Zoe's travels with the Doctor were erased from their memory, and the council of Time Lords also put a memory block on the Doctor so he could not pilot the TARDIS. In the Series 5 episode "The Big Bang" [102] the Doctor telepathically left a message in Amy Pond's head before sealing her into the Pandorica so that she would know what was happening when she woke up.

text: Time Lords, or at least the Doctor, can read extremely quickly.[103]

text: Regeneration[edit]

text: Time Lords also have the ability to regenerate their bodies when their current body is mortally wounded. This process results in their body undergoing a transformation, gaining a new physical form and a new personality; a Time Lord who was pleasant and polite in his previous regeneration might express surprise when his new form turns out to be prone to saying rude things.[citation needed]

text: Regenerations can be traumatic events. In Castrovalva,[86] the Fifth Doctor requires the use of a Zero Room, a chamber shielded from the outside universe that provides an area of calm for him to recuperate. He comments that there is an excellent polygonal zero room beneath the junior senate block on Gallifrey. The Time Lord's personality also sometimes goes through a period of instability following a regeneration.[62]

text: It was first stated in The Deadly Assassin[84] that a Time Lord can regenerate twelve times (thirteen incarnations in all). There were exceptions to this rule, however: when the Master reached the end of his regenerative cycle, he took possession of the body of another person to continue living.[105] In The Five Doctors,[106] the Master was offered a new cycle of regenerations by the High Council to save the Doctor from the Death Zone, which may indicate that there are methods to circumvent the twelve regeneration limit. The Master says in "The Sound of Drums" [9] that the Time Lords "resurrected" him to fight in the Time War. It was revealed in The Brain of Morbius [107] that the Time Lords also use the Elixir of Life in extreme cases, where regeneration is not possible. It is confirmed in "The Time of the Doctor" [72] that a Time Lord can only normally regenerate twelve times but that the Time Lords have the ability to grant more regenerations: at the behest of Clara Oswald they granted the Doctor himself a new cycle when he was at the point of death from old age having used up his entire cycle.

text: Also in The Deadly Assassin,[84] several Time Lords including the President are stated to have been "murdered" and are not stated to have regenerated.

text: Regeneration, regardless of how many regenerations the individual Time Lord has already undergone, is a conditional and non-inevitable phenomenon. This is stated in The End of Time when the Tenth Doctor explains to Wilfred Mott that a Time Lord can die before they have a chance to regenerate, in which case they die outright.[92] In The Deadly Assassin at least one of the murders was carried out with a 'staser', possibly a weapon designed to both kill and prevent regeneration (stasers are also stated to have little effect on non-living tissue).[84] In the Series 4 episode "Turn Left",[108] the Tenth Doctor's body is shown on a stretcher following the parallel events of "The Runaway Bride". A UNIT officer states that the Doctor's death must have been too quick to allow for regeneration.

text: In Destiny of the Daleks,[64] Romana showed the ability to rapidly change form several times in a row during her first regeneration, and apparently had the ability to change into whatever appearance she desired. When the Doctor remarks upon her ability, she comments that he should have stayed in university. However, despite showing several appearances, Romana regenerated only once on that occasion.

text: In "Utopia",[8] the Master, just before regeneration, claimed that he would become "young and strong", implying that he could choose the form of his new body. The human-time lord hybrid River Song in "Let's Kill Hitler" claimed she was "focusing on a dress size", but subsequently weighed herself, seeming unsure of how her new body had truly developed.[11] The Doctor said on several occasions he wished he was "ginger", which he has seemed unable to control in previous regenerations.[53][62] In "Last of the Time Lords",[76] when the Master is fatally wounded, he chooses not to regenerate, essentially committing suicide rather than regenerate and be kept prisoner by the Doctor forever. This again implies that regeneration is not inevitable and can indeed be refused.

text: Upon encountering the remains of fellow Time Lord the Corsair in "The Doctor's Wife", the Doctor refers to the Corsair as both male and female, hinting that Time Lords can switch genders upon their regenerations;[54] this is confirmed in "Dark Water", in which the Master, previously seen in various male incarnations for over forty years,[25][8][84][105][109] returned as a female.[110]

text: Whether or not Time Lords can recognise each other across regenerations is not made entirely clear:

text:
In The War Games,[38] the War Chief recognises the Second Doctor despite his regeneration and it is implied that the Doctor knows him when they first meet.
In The Three Doctors,[85] the Second Doctor recognises the Third Doctor immediately, despite the fact that the Third Doctor is a future incarnation of himself. Omega is similarly able to recognise the two Doctors as the same man.
In Planet of the Spiders,[111] the Third Doctor has trouble recognising his former mentor.
In The Deadly Assassin,[84] Announcer Runcible, an old classmate, recognises the Fourth Doctor despite his changes in appearance and mentions that the Doctor appears to have had a "face lift" since they last met.
In The Armageddon Factor,[112] Drax, another alumnus immediately recognises the Fourth Doctor, though the Doctor does not recognise him.
In The Five Doctors,[106] the Third Doctor is unable to initially recognise the Master in his non-Gallifreyan body.
In The Twin Dilemma,[113] the Doctor's old friend Azmael fails to recognise him, as the Doctor has regenerated twice since their last encounter.
In The Two Doctors,[77] when the Sixth Doctor and Second Doctor first meet, they are initially quiet until they face each other and simultaneously yell at each other, each recognising immediately the other.
In Survival, the Master recognises the Seventh Doctor on sight.[114]
In Doctor Who (1996), the Eighth Doctor is unable to recognise the Master while he possesses a human body.[25]
In "Utopia",[8] the Tenth Doctor does not recognise the human form of the Master, although the Doctor did recognise him, and name him "Master", as soon as he recovered his Time Lord physiology and mind.
In "The Sound of Drums",[9] the Doctor states that Time Lords can "always" recognise each other, although, while on Earth, the Master used satellites with a telepathic network to mask his presence from the Doctor. The Doctor in this circumstance appears to only be referring to recognition of the individual as a Time Lord, not necessarily the specific identity. However, when he sees the Master on television, he recognises him.[9]
In "Time Crash",[115] the Fifth Doctor could not instinctively recognise that the Tenth Doctor was a Time Lord, much less one of his own later incarnations.
In "The Next Doctor",[116] the Tenth Doctor initially seems unable to detect that the human Jackson Lake, who identifies himself as the Doctor, is not actually his regenerated future self.
In The End of Time,[53] the Doctor immediately recognises an unidentified elderly female Time Lord on sight, and also refers to the lead Time Lord by the name Rassilon (an earlier incarnation of Rassilon had appeared in "The Five Doctors"). In the context of the story, however, he may have encountered both during the Time War, though he himself has regenerated since they last saw him. Rassilon and the woman recognised the Doctor on sight as well, but the Doctor's presence, regardless of incarnation, was expected.
In "The Day of the Doctor",[57] the War Doctor recognises neither the Tenth Doctor nor the Eleventh, initially assuming them to be future companions. Likewise, earlier on, when the Tenth and Eleventh Doctor's first meet, the Tenth Doctor does not recognise his successor at first, but after the Eleventh Doctor's reaction upon seeing him, he is quick to realise who the Eleventh Doctor is.
In "Dark Water",[110] the Twelfth Doctor is unable to recognise the Master until she reveals her identity.

tag: ul

text: In "Turn Left",[108] the Tenth Doctor is killed in his own rampage against the Racnoss without Donna to stop him and ultimately save his life. A UNIT soldier speculates that he died "too fast for him to regenerate". In "The Impossible Astronaut",[117] a future version of the Eleventh Doctor is shot, causing him to begin his regeneration cycle. He is shot again before the regeneration completes, causing him to die instantly. However, in "The Wedding of River Song",[118] it is revealed this was a shape shifting android the Doctor used to fake his death, making this questionable.

text:
“
It's a bit dodgy, this process, you never know what you're gonna end up with.
”

— The Ninth Doctor in "The Parting of the Ways".[98]

tag: table

text: In cases of non-fatal injury, Time Lords who have recently regenerated can use left over cellular energy to heal and even regrow severed limbs, as seen in "The Christmas Invasion" where the Tenth Doctor regrows a hand.[62] Also seen in "Journey's End", is the apparent ability to siphon off regeneration energy in order to cancel the effect of changing appearance; which requires them to have a "bio-matching receptacle" (in this case the Doctor's severed hand), which is usually impractical.[52] However, this "non-regeneration" was revealed as "counting" towards the Doctor's twelve possible regenerations during the events of "The Time of the Doctor".[72][119]

text: In The End of Time, the Tenth Doctor was able to postpone his regeneration long enough so that he could travel in time and space to see his past companions for one last time before he regenerated.[53] The Fifth Doctor also showed a similar ability in his final televised story The Caves of Androzani. Toward the end of episode 3 he is seen, apparently, fighting off the effects of an impending regeneration so he can return to Androzani Minor to save his companion Peri.[120]

text: It is also worth noting that Time Lords appear to have the ability to stay conscious for moments after events that would outright kill other lifeforms instantly, giving them the opportunity to regenerate. In Logopolis,[104] the Fourth Doctor falls hundreds of feet to the ground, yet is still conscious and able to talk to his companions when they find him minutes later before he regenerates. In The Caves of Androzani,[121] the Fifth Doctor remains conscious throughout the entire course of his (eventually fatal) spectrox toxaemia, while his human companion Peri loses consciousness as the disease worsens. In "The Stolen Earth",[71] the Tenth Doctor is shot by a Dalek's energy weapon, which has almost always been shown to instantly kill any other lifeform, yet is still conscious and able to return, with some assistance, to the TARDIS in order to regenerate. However, he was skimmed by the energy shot, while all others were shot in the middle of the back or in the chest, closer to vital organs. The Eleventh Doctor is also shot squarely by a weakened Dalek in "The Big Bang" and severely injured, but he manages to execute his plan to restart the universe nonetheless.[102]

text: In Death of the Doctor (a 2010 The Sarah Jane Adventures serial),[122] the Eleventh Doctor responds to a question from Clyde Langer by saying he can regenerate "507" times. Early news reports, before the episode was broadcast, suggested he would say there is no limit to the number of regenerations.[123] Writer Russell T Davies explained in an interview with SFX that the line was not intended to be taken seriously and is instead a commentary. He insisted that the "thirteen lives" rule was too deeply entrenched in the viewer consciousness for his throwaway line to affect it.[124] It is revealed in "The Time of the Doctor" [72] that this was in fact false and that due to his various regenerations, the Eleventh Doctor was in fact his last incarnation. However, the Time Lords intervened through a crack in time to grant him a full new regeneration cycle.

text: Culture and society[edit]

text: The Time Lord homeworld, Gallifrey, is an Earth-like planet in the fictional constellation of Kasterborous. Its capital city is referred to as the Citadel, and contains the Capitol, the seat of Time Lord government. At the centre of the Capitol is the Panopticon, beneath which is the Eye of Harmony. Outside the Capitol lie wastelands where the "Outsiders", Time Lords who have dropped out of Time Lord society, live in less technologically advanced communities, shunning life in the cities.[citation needed] The Outsiders have often been equated[by whom?] with the "Shobogans", a group mentioned briefly in The Deadly Assassin[84] as being responsible for acts of vandalism around the Panopticon, but there is actually nothing on screen that explicitly connects the two.

text: Romana and the Doctor have also referred to "Time Tots", or infant Time Lords,[125][126][note 3] and (in "Smith and Jones") the Doctor refers his compatriots and he playing "with Röntgen bricks in the nursery".[6] In "The Sound of Drums", the Master is seen as a child, apparently at the age of 8.[9]

text: In general, the Time Lords are an aloof people, with a society full of pomp and ceremony. The Doctor has observed that his people "enjoy making speeches"[127] and have an "infinite capacity for pretension".[128] The Time Lord penchant for ceremony extends to their technology, with various artefacts given weighty names like the Hand of Omega, the Eye of Harmony or the Key of Rassilon.[citation needed]

text: The Sixth Doctor has also characterised the Time Lords as a stagnant and corrupt society, a state caused by ten million years of absolute power.[129] Sutekh the Osiran decries them as "a perfidious species,"[4] while Brother Lassar, in the episode "School Reunion",[5] describes the Time Lords as "a pompous race" of "ancient, dusty senators... frightened of change and chaos" and "peaceful to the point of indolence". Their portrayal in the series is reminiscent of academics living in ivory towers, unconcerned with external affairs. The Doctor states that the Time Lords were sworn never to interfere, only to watch.[9] It has been suggested that, since perfecting the science of time travel, they have withdrawn, bound by the moral complexity of interfering in the natural flow of history; in Earthshock,[130] the Cyberleader, when notified of the arrival of a TARDIS, is surprised at the presence of a Time Lord, stating "they are forbidden to interfere". In The Two Doctors,[77] it is suggested[by whom?] that Time Lords are responsible for maintaining a general balance of power between the races of the Universe.

text: While interference is apparently against Time Lord policy, there are occasions when they do intervene, albeit indirectly through their CIA or Celestial Intervention Agency. The CIA has occasionally sent the Doctor on missions that required plausible deniability, as in The Two Doctors,[77] and sometimes against his will, Colony in Space[131] and The Monster of Peladon.[132] He is also sent on a mission in The Mutants [133] which was intended to help preserve the existence of a unique race, which was being destroyed by the excesses of the Earth empire. The Doctor's mission in Genesis of the Daleks[134] even involves changing history to avert the creation of the Daleks, or at least temper their aggressiveness.

text: Children of Gallifrey are taken from their families at the age of 8 and admitted into the Academy.[9][135] Novices are then taken to an initiation ceremony before the Untempered Schism, a gap in the fabric of reality that looks into the time vortex. Of those that stare into it, some are inspired, some run away and others go mad. The Doctor suggests that the Master went mad, while admitting that he ran away.[9][136]

text: Each Time Lord belongs to one of a number of various colleges or chapters, such as the Patrexes, Arcalian, and the Prydonian chapters, which have ceremonial and possibly political significance. In The Deadly Assassin,[84] it is explained that each chapter has its own colours; the Prydonians wear scarlet and orange, the Arcalians wear green, and the Patrexeans wear heliotrope. However, in that same serial, Cardinal Borusa, described as "the leader of the Prydonian chapter", wears heliotrope. Other Prydonians wear orange headdresses with orange-brown (not scarlet) robes. Other chapters mentioned in spin-off novels[citation needed] include the Dromeian and Cerulean chapters. The Prydonian chapter has a reputation for being devious, and tends to produce renegades; the Doctor, the Master and the Rani are all Prydonians.[citation needed] The colleges of the Academy are led by the Cardinals. Ushers, who provide security and assistance at official Time Lord functions, may belong to any chapter, and wear all-gold uniforms. Also mentioned in The Deadly Assassin are 'plebeian classes'.[84]

text: The executive political leadership is split between the Lord President, who keeps the ceremonial relics of the Time Lords, and the Chancellor, who appears to be the administrative leader of the Cardinals and who acts as a check on the power of the Lord President. The President is an elected position; on Presidential Resignation Day, the outgoing President usually names his successor, who is then usually confirmed in a non-contested "election", but it is still constitutionally possible for another candidate to put themselves forward for the post, as the Doctor did in The Deadly Assassin.[84] In that story, the Presidency was described as a largely ceremonial role, but in The Invasion of Time[127] the orders of the office were to be obeyed without question. In the event the current Lord President is unable to name a successor, the council can appoint a President to take his place. In The Five Doctors,[106] the council appoints the Doctor as president after Borusa is imprisoned by Rassilon, and later deposed him after he neglected his duties.

text: The President and Chancellor also sit on the Time Lord High Council, akin to a legislative body, composed variously of Councillors and more senior Cardinals. Also on the High Council is the Castellan of the Chancellery Guard, in charge of the security of the Citadel, who the Doctor has referred to as the leader of a trumped-up palace guard. According to the constitution, if while in emergency session the other members of the High Council are in unanimous agreement, even the President's orders can be overruled.[106][137]

text: Technology[edit]

text: The Moment was claimed by the Time Lords to be the most powerful weapon in the Universe and capable of destroying entire galaxies. The Moment was locked in Gallifrey's Time Vaults, specifically in the Omega Arsenal. The Moment is so powerful that the weapon's operating system became sentient, leading the Time Lords to wonder "How do you use a weapon when it can stand in judgement of you?" and that "only one man would be mad enough to try it". In the 50th anniversary special "The Day of the Doctor", the War Doctor breaks into the Omega Arsenal, steals the Moment and is about to destroy both Time Lords and Daleks alike to stop the Time War before the Moment engineers a meeting with his succeeding regenerations to convince him otherwise.[57][138]

text: Another impressive example of Time Lord technology is the Eye of Harmony, a repurposed black hole singularity contained within the instrumentality below the Panopticon. This is the source of their power and the anchor of the Web of Time itself, created by Rassilon and the co-founders of Time Lord society in the distant past.[citation needed] The Time Lords were accomplished stellar engineers and could control the development of stars with devices like the Hand of Omega, which was shown to be capable of forcing a star to go supernova.[citation needed] The Eye of Harmony exists within the Doctor's TARDIS as a collapsing star suspended in a permanent state of decay, hence harnessing the potential energy of a collapse that would never occur.[139] Whether these are all aspects of the Eye of Harmony on Gallifrey or individual stars in their own right is not made clear on screen. [note 4]

text: Paradoxically, although the Time Lords are a scientifically and technologically advanced race, the civilisation is so old that key pieces of their technology have become shrouded in legend and myth.[citation needed] In the spin-off fiction,[citation needed] an edict and general aversion against exploring Gallifrey's past also contributes to this. Accordingly, until the Master rediscovers it, the Time Lords forgot that the location of the Eye of Harmony is beneath their capital.[citation needed] They also treated such ceremonial symbols as the Key and Sash of Rassilon as mere historical curiosities, being unaware of their true function.[citation needed]

text: In the revived series, there were instances in which evil alien species have stolen Time Lord technology for their own purposes but such is its complexity that they are unable to operate it, as illustrated in "Doomsday" when the Genesis Ark was stolen by the Daleks and even they could not open it. Furthermore, the Genesis Ark was just one Time Lord prison that held millions of Daleks, demonstrating "bigger on the inside" Time Lord technology.[141][142] The classic series also makes reference to the inability of other races to successfully use Time Lord technology, with The Two Doctors [77] stating that even if a race managed to copy and build their own TARDISes, they would be ripped apart by the molecular stresses of time travel as all TARDISes have a fail-deadly approach to unauthorised use unless primed with a Rassilon Imprimatur, creating a symbiotic link to a specific Time Lord.

text: The great defence system of Gallifrey is a quantum forcefield known as the Transduction Barrier, a perfect defence shield preventing all matter and energy, even TARDISes, from passing through without authorisation.[citation needed] The Time Lords are further protected by phasing the entire region around Gallifrey into a temporal domain known as Inner Time, effectively separating the homeworld from interaction with the rest of the Universe.[citation needed] During the final hours of the Time War, the High Council of Gallifrey refer to defenses called 'Sky Trenches' which appear to be at least somewhat effective against invading Daleks and/or their ships, as seen in "The Day of the Doctor".[57]

text: TARDISes are characterised not just by their ability to travel in time, but also their dimensionally transcendent nature. A TARDIS' interior spaces exist in a different dimension from its exterior, allowing it to appear to be bigger on the inside. The Doctor states that transdimensional engineering was a key Time Lord discovery in The Robots of Death.[140][143] In the Ninth [97] and Tenth Doctors' episodes,[62] the TARDIS has an organic look, and the Doctor states in "The Impossible Planet" [144] that TARDISes are grown, not made. It is seen in "The Name of the Doctor" [145] that as a TARDIS dies, its 'dimension dams' can break down causing a 'size leak' wherein the exterior dimensions of a TARDIS begin to expand to match its inner dimensions.

text: Fitting their generally defensive nature, Time Lord weapons technology is rarely seen, other than the staser hand weapons used by the Guard within the Capitol. Stasers (possibly a portmanteau of stunner and laser, as they are used to stun targets[citation needed]) can be lethal energy weapons, specifically designed to prevent the unwanted regeneration of rogue Time Lords; staser beams also shatter the crystalline structure of non-organic targets.[citation needed]

text: Standard TARDISes do not generally seem to use any on-board weaponry, although War or Battle TARDISes (armed with "time torpedoes" that freeze their target in time) have appeared in the spin-off media.[citation needed] In the novels,[citation needed] the Eighth Doctor's companion Compassion, a living TARDIS, has enough firepower to annihilate other TARDISes. In the serial Castrovalva,[86] the Master's TARDIS is equipped with an energy field that he uses to temporarily disable or stun several human security guards outside the vessel.

text: One exception to the Time Lords' defensive weaponry is the de-mat gun (or dematerialisation gun). The de-mat gun is a weapon of mass destruction that removes its target from space-time altogether, as seen in The Invasion of Time.[127] The de-mat gun was created in Rassilon's time and is a closely guarded secret; the knowledge to create one is kept in the Matrix and is available only to the President. To make sure this knowledge is not abused, the only way to arm a de-mat gun is by means of the Great Key of Rassilon, whose location is only known to the Chancellor. As a means of extreme sanction, the Time Lords have also been known to place whole planets into time-loops, isolating them from the universe in one repeating moment of time[citation needed] as well as hurling planets from one galaxy to another using a weapon referred only as a magnetron in The Trial of a Time Lord.[78]

text: In the Eighth Doctor Adventures novel The Ancestor Cell by Peter Anghelides and Stephen Cole,[146] the Time Lords are shown to house other weapons of mass destruction in a stable time eddy known as the Slaughterhouse. In the Doctor Who Annual 2006,[147] a section by Russell T Davies says that during the Time War, the Time Lords used Bowships (used against the Great Vampires in an ancient war), Black Hole Carriers and N-Forms (war machines first mentioned in the Virgin New Adventures novel Damaged Goods,[148] written by Davies).

text: In The End of Time,[53][149] Rassilon is shown wearing a gauntlet with several powers, primarily the ability to disintegrate a target and the ability to reverse changes made to the human race by the Master. When Rassilon throws the white point star into the hologram of the Earth, the diamond is able to arrive at the planet by following the Master's signal, travelling through the time-locked war to the post-war universe.

text: Gallifreyan paintings were unique in that they were in 3D, as they acted as snapshots of a single moment in time by use of stasis cubes. This meant that they could be used as rudimentary time travel, by freezing a person inside a painting and then letting them out at the required point in time. An example of this is Gallifrey Falls No More as seen in "The Day of the Doctor".[57]

text: History[edit]

text: It has been suggested that this section be merged with History of the Time Lords. (Discuss) Proposed since December 2015.

text: Details of the Time Lords' history within the show are sketchy and are fraught with supposition and contradiction. The Time Lords became the masters of time travel when one of their number, the scientist Omega, created an energy source to power their experiments in time.[85] To this end, Omega used a stellar manipulation device, the Hand of Omega, to rework a nearby star into a new form to serve that source.[128] Unfortunately, the star flared, first into a supernova, and then collapsed into a black hole. Omega was thought killed in that explosion but unknown to everyone, had somehow survived in an anti-matter universe beyond the black hole's singularity.[citation needed] Rassilon, the ultimate founder of Time Lord society, then took a singularity (assumed by fans and the spin-off media[citation needed] to be the same one as Omega's) and placed it beneath the Time Lords' citadel on Gallifrey. This perfectly balanced Eye of Harmony then served as the power source for their civilisation as well as their time machines.[84]

text: At some point in their history the Time Lords interacted with the civilisation of the planet Minyos, giving them advanced technology (including the ability to "regenerate" to a limited degree, by rejuvenating their bodies when they grow too old). This met with disastrous results, (which is said by some to be the reason the Time Lords adopted a philosophy of "non-interference"). The Minyans destroyed themselves in a series of nuclear wars.[note 5][150]

text: In "Dalek" (2005), the Ninth Doctor explains that his people perished along with the Dalek race in the "Last Great Time War", leaving the Doctor the last of his race.[43] In "The Satan Pit" (2006), the Beast identifies the Tenth Doctor as "[t]he killer of his own kind."[47] In "The Sound of Drums" (2007), the Master reveals he escaped the war by turning himself into a human following the Dalek Emperor taking control of the Cruciform.[9] In The End of Time (2009–10), the Time Lords, after attempting to break out the time lock of the Time War and become creatures of consciousness, are shown being sent back into the War on the last day through the Tenth Doctor's intervention. The Master also disappears along with them. Rassilon describes Time Lord history in this story as having lasted "a billion years" up until the end of the Time War.[151]

text: In "The Day of the Doctor" (2013), thirteen incarnations of the Doctor are shown successfully attempting to freeze the Time Lords and their home world of Gallifrey in time, by transporting them to a "parallel pocket universe" using their TARDISes. Because the time streams are out of sync, the Doctor does not retain the memory of this until his eleventh incarnation. Indeed, earlier on in the episode, both the Tenth and the Eleventh Doctors mistakenly believe that the War Doctor killed all of the Time Lords on the last day of the Time War. While the plan is being outlined, the War Doctor notes that to the rest of the universe, it only appears as if the Time Lords and Daleks had mutually destroyed each other, when in fact, the Daleks had fired upon themselves in the crossfire after Gallifrey vanished, ending in the destruction of most of their own race, but not the Time Lords.[152] In "Death in Heaven" (2014), the Master, now regenerated into a female form called "Missy",[153][154] explains that when the Doctor saved Gallifrey, this caused the Doctor to save her as well. She bluffs the Twelfth Doctor into thinking that Gallifrey has returned to its original co-ordinates, but when the Doctor goes looking, he finds nothing there.[155]

text: In "Face the Raven" (2015), the immortal Ashildr makes a deal to have the Doctor's TARDIS keys and confession dial taken and to teleport the Twelfth Doctor away in exchange for her trap street's safety.[156] In "Heaven Sent" (2015), the Twelfth Doctor escapes his confession dial and finds himself near the Citadel on Gallifrey. He tells a young child to inform the Time Lords that he knows what they have done and that he has returned "the long way around". He then tells the Time Lords through his confession dial the hybrid they fear "is me".[58] In "Hell Bent" (2015), Gallifrey is revealed to have come back from the pocket universe it was frozen in and exist at the end of the universe. Rassilon is revealed to have been the one who had the Doctor teleported into the confession dial.[14]

text: Partial list of Time Lords appearing in Doctor Who[edit]

text:
The Doctor[157][158]
Andred [127]
Androgar [57]
Azmael, whom the Doctor called "the best teacher [he] ever had", living under the pseudonym "Professor Edgeworth"[113]
Borusa[84][106][127][159]
The Castellan[106][159]
Damon[citation needed]
Drax[112]
Co-Ordinator Engin[citation needed]
The Corsair, a Time Lord much admired by the Doctor. Stated to have regenerated as both male and female in the episode "The Doctor's Wife".[54]
Chancellor Flavia[106][note 6]
Susan Foreman, the Doctor's granddaughter.[157][160] She was the original Doctor Who companion and left the Doctor to remain on Earth.[161]
Lord Gomer[citation needed]
The General[57]
Chancellor Goth[84]
Councillor Hedin[159]
Hilred [84]
The Inquisitor[78]
Jenny, the Doctor's "daughter", created by a machine that extracted the Doctor's DNA. She was shot and the Doctor mistakenly believed she did not regenerate or revive.[51][101]
K'anpo Rimpoche, also known as Cho Je, a hermit from the Doctor's childhood.[111]
Castellan Kelner[127]
The Master/Missy[73][109][162][note 7]
Maxil [159]
The Monk[163]
Morbius[107][164]
Nesbin [127]
Omega [85][165]
Presta [127]
The Rani[166][167][168]
Rassilon[106][169][note 8]
Rodan[citation needed]
Romana (full name Romanadvoratrelundar) [67][171]
Runcible "the Fatuous"[84]
Salyavin, also known as Professor Chronotis[125][126][note 3]
Castellan Spandrell[84]
Chancellor Thalia[159]
Time Lord President – Assassinated in The Deadly Assassin [84]
The Valeyard[78]
Cardinal Zorac[citation needed]
Unnamed Time Lord Chancellor – The Three Doctors,[85] The War Games [38]
Unnamed Time Lord President – The Three Doctors [85]
Unnamed Time Lord - Terror of the Autons
Unnamed Time Lord – Genesis of the Daleks [134]
Unnamed Time Lords appearing in The End of Time:

The Woman[169]
The Visionary[169][172]
The Chancellor[169]
The Partisan[169]

The War Chief[38][173]
The Tenth Doctor's companion, Donna Noble, became part Time Lord after touching the Doctor's severed hand, which had regenerative energy locked within it. The "biological meta-crisis" went in two directions, creating a part-human, part Time Lord copy of the Tenth Doctor.[52][101]
Melody Pond/River Song, Amy Pond and Rory Williams' daughter, was conceived in the Doctor's TARDIS. Although she has human parents, her DNA was influenced by the Time Vortex and therefore has both human and Time Lord DNA.[55][101]

text: Time Lords from spin-off media[edit]

text:
John and Gillian, the Doctor's grandchildren from the TV Comic comic strip[citation needed]
Anzor from Mission to Magnus [174][175][note 9]
Ruath from the novel Goth Opera (full name Ruathadvorophrenaltid) [176]
Irving Braxiatel from the Virgin New Adventures and Bernice Summerfield audio dramas[citation needed]
The Other from the novels Cat's Cradle: Time's Crucible [177] and Lungbarrow [178]
Kopyion Liall, a Mahajetsu from the novel The Pit [179]
Homunculette from the novels Alien Bodies [180] and The Taking of Planet 5 [181]
Savar from the novels Seeing I [182] and The Infinity Doctors [183]
Iris Wildthyme from various[citation needed] novels, short stories and audio plays
Larna from the novels The Infinity Doctors [183] and The Gallifrey Chronicles [184]
The Magician from the Companions of Doctor Who novel Turlough and the Earthlink Dilemma [185]
Valentine from Death Comes to Time [186]
The Minister of Chance from Death Comes to Time [186]
Casmus from Death Comes to Time [186]
General Tannis from Death Comes to Time [186]
Ratisbon from the novel Warmonger [187]
Saran from the novel Warmonger [187]
Serena from the novel World Game (full name Serenadellatrovella) [188]
CIA Coordinator Vansell from the audios The Sirens of Time,[189] The Apocalypse Element,[190] Neverland,[191] the Doctor Who Unbound audio He Jests at Scars... [192] and the novel Divided Loyalties [193] (full name Sevansellostophossius)
Marnal from the novel The Gallifrey Chronicles [184]
Ulysses from the novel The Gallifrey Chronicles [184]
Maven from the audio Omega [194]
Louis in Unregenerate! [195]
CIA Coordinator Harom from the single episode audio Urban Myths [196]
Cardinal Zero from the single episode audio story Circular Time: Spring – [197] a similarly titled Time Lord (Zeuro) appears in the Doctor Who Unbound audio A Storm of Angels [198] (although it is not established whether these are meant to be alternate versions of the same person)
Straxus from the audio dramas Human Resources,[199] Sisters of the Flame/Vengeance of Morbius,[200][201] the Bernice Summerfield audio drama The Adventure of the Diogenes Damsel,[202] and the Eighth Doctor miniseries Dark Eyes [203]
Lucy Adams from the single episode audio story Forty-five: False Gods [204]
Muldwych from the novel Birthright [205] – a possible exile who had his TARDIS taken away (it is strongly implied[by whom?] in Birthright [205] and Happy Endings [206] that Muldwych is a future incarnation of the Doctor)
CIA Coordinator Narvin from the Gallifrey spin-off audio series[citation needed]
Liaison Officer Hossak from Gallifrey: Square One [207]
Commander Torvald from the Gallifrey spin-off audio series[citation needed]
Imperiatrix Pandora from the Gallifrey spin-off audio series[citation needed]
Castellan Wynter from the Gallifrey spin-off audio series[citation needed]
The Archivist from Gallifrey: The Inquiry [208] and Gallifrey: Lies [209]
Commander Hallan from the Gallifrey spin-off audio series[citation needed]
Cardinal/Chancellor Valyes from the Gallifrey spin-off audio series[citation needed]
Commentator Antimon from Gallifrey: Imperiatrix [210]
Lord/Cardinal/President Matthias from the Gallifrey spin-off audio series[citation needed]
Medic/Surgeon-Master Elbon from the Gallifrey spin-off audio series[citation needed]
Captain/Castellan Annos from the Gallifrey spin-off audio series[citation needed]
Captain/Commander Janartis from the Gallifrey spin-off audio series[citation needed]
Commentator Gerber from Gallifrey: Fractures [211]
Captain Henzil from the Gallifrey spin-off audio series[citation needed]
Lord Delox from Gallifrey: Appropriation [212]
Captain/Commander Raldeth from The Sirens of Time,[189] The Apocalypse Element [190] and Gallifrey: Appropriation [212]
Guardsman Robersuun from Gallifrey: Mindbomb [213]
Boxcar Joe, the Magical Hobo — A Time Lord who shows up in tabletop RPGs[citation needed] through random generators.
Avalon Mores, once a companion brought back to life as a Timelady due to long exposure to the Time Vortex.[citation needed]
Greyjan the Sane from The Ancestor Cell. Once Lord President, he had, at three years, the shortest reign in Gallifreyan history and dabbled in time paradoxes.[214]
Cardinal Ollistra from The War Doctor (audio drama series)[215]


document_title: Little House on the Prairie (TV series)

question_text: when did little house on the prarie take place

text: Little House on the Prairie (TV series)

text: Premise[edit]

text: Based on the autobiographical "Little House" stories, episodes of Little House on the Prairie usually concern members of the Ingalls family, who live on a small farm near the village of Walnut Grove, Minnesota. Many episodes concern the maturation of the family's second daughter, Laura. However, episodes also focus on other family and community members, providing a depiction of life in a small agrarian community in late nineteenth-century America. The show's central characters are Charles Ingalls (farmer and mill worker), his wife Caroline, and their four daughters, Mary, Laura, Carrie, and Grace, though the family expands with the addition of adopted son Albert in season five and adopted siblings Cassandra and James at the end of season seven.

text: Other essential characters include the Oleson family: Nels, proprietor of the town's general store, Oleson's Mercantile; his malicious, gossiping wife, Harriet, who runs the Mercantile with him; and their two children, Nellie and Willie, and later, their adopted daughter, Nancy; Isaiah Edwards, Grace Snider Edwards and their three adopted children; the Garvey family, Jonathan, Alice, and Andy; Rev. Robert Alden; Lars Hanson, the town's founder and proprietor of the town's mill; and Dr. Hiram Baker, the town's physician. Teacher-turned-lawyer Adam Kendall is introduced at the end of season four and later weds Mary Ingalls, and Almanzo Wilder is introduced in season six and later weds Laura Ingalls.

text: Cast and characters[edit]

text: Melissa Gilbert has the most appearances of the series, a total of 190 of the 204 episodes. Michael Landon appeared in all but four episodes of seasons one through eight, but departed from being a regular part of the cast when the show was retooled as Little House: A New Beginning (season nine).

text: Main cast[edit]

text:
Michael Landon as Charles Ingalls
Karen Grassle as Caroline Quiner Ingalls (seasons 1–8)
Melissa Gilbert as Laura Ingalls Wilder
Melissa Sue Anderson as Mary Ingalls Kendall (seasons 1–7, 8)
Lindsay and Sidney Greenbush as Carrie Ingalls (seasons 1–8)
Matthew Labyorteaux as Albert (Quinn) Ingalls (seasons 5–9)
Richard Bull as Nels Oleson
Katherine "Scottie" MacGregor as Harriet Oleson
Alison Arngrim as Nellie Oleson Dalton (seasons 1-7, 9)
Jonathan Gilbert as Willie Oleson
Victor French as Isaiah Edwards (seasons 1–3, 6, 8–9)
Bonnie Bartlett as Grace Snider Edwards (seasons 1–3, 6)
Kevin Hagen as Dr. Hiram Baker
Dabbs Greer as Rev. Robert Alden
Charlotte Stewart as Eva Beadle Simms (seasons 1–4)
Karl Swenson as Lars Hanson (seasons 1–5)
Radames Pera as John (Sanderson, Jr.) Edwards (seasons 2 & 3)
Brian Part as Carl (Sanderson) Edwards (seasons 2 & 3)
Kyle Richards as Alicia (Sanderson) Edwards (seasons 2–3, 6, 8)
Merlin Olsen as Jonathan Garvey (seasons 4–7)
Hersha Parady as Alice Garvey (seasons 4–6)
Patrick Labyorteaux as Andrew "Andy" Garvey (seasons 4–7)
Linwood Boomer as Adam Kendall (seasons 4–8)
Ketty Lester as Hester-Sue Terhune (seasons 5–9)
Wendi and Brenda Turnbaugh as Grace Ingalls (seasons 5–8)
Dean Butler as Almanzo Wilder (seasons 6–9)
Lucy Lee Flippin as Eliza Jane Wilder (seasons 6–8)
Allison Balson as Nancy Oleson (seasons 8 & 9)
Jason Bateman as James (Cooper) Ingalls (seasons 7 & 8)
Missy Francis as Cassandra (Cooper) Ingalls (seasons 7 & 8)
Shannen Doherty as Jenny Wilder (season 9)

text: Notable guest stars[edit]

text: Many actors, who were either well-known or went on to become famous, guest-starred on the show.

text:
Willie Aames (episode 3.15)
Anne Archer (episode 1.17)
Hermione Baddeley (3 episodes)
Jonathan Banks (episode 6.16)
Billy Barty (2 episodes)
Peter Billingsley (episode 8.12)
Dirk Blocker (episode 1.9)
Ray Bolger (2 episodes, S5)
Ernest Borgnine (episode 1.13/14)
Christopher Bowman (episodes 5.9, 5.18)
Todd Bridges (episode 3.18)
Red Buttons (episode 1.19)
Johnny Cash & June Carter Cash (episode 3.1)
Charles Cioffi (episode 5.22)
Michael Conrad (episode 4.8)
Keith Coogan (episode 7.15)
James Cromwell (episode 7.1)
David Faustino (episode 7.5)
Gil Gerard (episode 4.4)
Louis Gossett, Jr. (episode 2.18)
Jerry Hardin (episode 5.23)
Melora Hardin (episodes 8.1/2, Look Back to Yesterday)
Mariette Hartley (episode 2.19)
John Hillerman (episode 5.8)
Rance Howard (episode 3.13)
Ernie Hudson (episode 8.8)
Rick Hurst (episode 1.3)
John Ireland (episode 3.4)
Burl Ives (episode 3.10)
Ford Rainey (episodes 2.2, 4.21)
Richard Jaeckel (episodes 2.18, 7.17/18)
Jack Kruschen (episode 8.6)
Katy Kurtzman (episodes 3.19, 4.16)
Charles Lane (episode 9.3)
Sheila Larken (episode 9.13)
Robert Loggia (episode 9.4)
Mike Lookinland (episode 4.4)
Chuck McCann (episode 1.11)
Vera Miles (episode 9.19)
Richard Mulligan (episode 2.21)
Patricia Neal (episode 2.7)
James Olson (episode 6.10)
Sean Penn (uncredited student extra)
Eddie Quillan (7 episodes)
Anne Ramsey (episode 5.1)
Nick Ramus (episode 4.13)
Kim Richards (episode 1.7)
James B. Sikking (episode 3.17)
Queenie Smith (5 episodes)
Madeleine Stowe (episode 7.6)
Robert Torti (episode 8.6)
Mitch Vogel (episode 1.23)
M. Emmet Walsh (episode 8.8)[4]
Collin Wilcox (episode 4.7)
Harris Yulin (episode 1.20)
and three of Landon's children:

Michael Landon, Jr. (episode 3.20)
Leslie Landon (4 guest episodes)
Shawna Landon (Little House Years / episode 9.15; both uncredited)

text: Production notes[edit]

text: Of the 204 episodes, Michael Landon directed the largest number at 87; producer William F. Claxton handled the majority of the remaining shows at 68, while co-star Victor French helmed 18. Maury Dexter (who was often an assistant director) and Leo Penn directed the remaining episodes at 21 and 3 episodes respectively.

text: Interior shots were filmed at Paramount studios in Los Angeles, while exteriors were largely filmed at the nearby Big Sky Ranch in Simi Valley, where the town of Walnut Grove had been constructed. Many other filming locations were also used during the course of the series including Old Tucson Studios and various locations in Sonora, California. Many of the exterior shots of Walnut Grove and the other Minnesota towns shown in the series have noticeable mountain terrain in the background of the scenes. In actuality the southern Minnesota landscape, where the show is supposed to take place, there are no tall mountains.

text: The series theme song was titled The Little House and was written and conducted by David Rose. The ending theme music, also written by Rose, originally appeared as a piece of incidental music in a later-season episode of Michael Landon's previous long-running series, Bonanza.

text: Themes[edit]

text: Little House explored many different themes including frequently portrayed ones of adoption, alcoholism, faith, poverty, blindness, and prejudice of all types including racism. Some plots also include subjects such as drug addiction (i.e. morphine), leukemia, child abuse, and even rape. Although predominantly a drama, the program has many lighthearted and comedic moments as well.

text: Some of the episodes written by Michael Landon were recycled storylines from ones that he had written for Bonanza. Season two's "A Matter of Faith" was based on the Bonanza episode "A Matter of Circumstance"; season five's "Someone Please Love Me" was based on the Bonanza episode "A Dream To Dream"; season seven's "The Silent Cry" was based on the Bonanza episode "The Sound of Sadness"; season eight's "He Was Only Twelve" was based on the Bonanza episode "He Was Only Seven"; and season nine's "Little Lou" was based on the Bonanza episode "It's A Small World".

text: Spin-offs and sequels[edit]

text: Little House: A New Beginning[edit]

text: When Michael Landon decided to leave the show (though he stayed on as executive producer and occasional writer and director), season nine was renamed, the focus was put on the characters of Laura and Almanzo, and more characters were added to the cast. A new family, the Carters (Stan Ivar as John, Pamela Roylance as Sarah, Lindsay Kennedy as older son Jeb, and David Friedman as younger son Jason), move into the Ingalls house. Meanwhile, Almanzo and Laura take in their niece, Jenny Wilder, when Almanzo's brother dies and raise her alongside their daughter, Rose. The Wilders appear prominently in some episodes, while in others they appear only in early scenes used to introduce the story or its characters. The explanation given for the original characters' absence was that they moved to Burr Oak, Iowa, to pursue a promising life. The show lost viewers, and this version of the series was canceled after one season. However, the show lived on for another 1.5 years in movie format.

text: Movie specials[edit]

text: Three made-for-television post-series movies followed during the 1983-84 television season: Little House: A Look Back to Yesterday (1983), Little House: The Last Farewell (1984), and Little House: Bless All the Dear Children (1984).

text: In The Last Farewell, Charles and Caroline decide to visit Walnut Grove. They learn that a railroad tycoon actually holds the deed to the township, and he wants to take it over for his own financial gain. Despite their best efforts, the townspeople are unable to drive the businessman away. At a town meeting, John Carter offers a supply of explosives that he has. Each man takes turn blowing up his own building in an emotional farewell to the town.[5]

text: When asked why the set was blown up, the show's producer, Kent McCray, said that when the series started, he made an agreement with the property owners that at the end of the series he would put the acreage back to its original state. When the production crew were estimating the cost of dismantling all the buildings, Michael Landon thought for a while and said, "What if we blow up the town? That would get the buildings all in pieces and you can bring in your equipment to pick up the debris and cart it away." He then said that he would write it where they blow up all the buildings, except for the little house and the church. Both McCray and Landon wept as the town blew up.[6]

text: Bless All the Dear Children was filmed prior to The Last Farewell, but ended up being the last of the three movies to air.[7] Given its Christmas-related content, NBC opted to air it during the following Christmas season.

text: Two other Little House movies were made in conjunction with the Landon series: the 1974 pilot for the program and The Little House Years (1979), a Thanksgiving special/clip show that aired in the middle of season six.

text: Broadcast history[edit]

text: For the first two seasons, the show was aired on Wednesday nights at 8pm ET/7pm CT, to moderate ratings. In 1976, the series became a Monday night staple on NBC; after the move, it remained in the top 30 for the rest of its run.

text: Reception[edit]

text: Nielsen ratings[edit]

text:
Season 1 (1974–75): #13[8]
Season 2 (1975–76): Not in top 30[9]
Season 3 (1976–77): #15
Season 4 (1977–78): #7[10]
Season 5 (1978–79): #14[11]
Season 6 (1979–80): #16[12]
Season 7 (1980–81): #10[13]
Season 8 (1981–82): #24 (Tied with: The Facts of Life)
Season 9 (1982–83): #28

text: Accolades[edit]

text:
1978: Emmy Award for Outstanding Cinematography in Entertainment Programming for a Series, Ted Voigtlander, episode "The Fighter"[14]
1979: Emmy Award for Outstanding Cinematography for a Series, Ted Voigtlander, episode "The Craftsman"[14]
1979: Emmy Award for Outstanding Music Composition for a Series, David Rose, episode "The Craftsman"
1980: TP de Oro, Spain, Mejor Actriz Extranjera (Best Foreign Actress), Melissa Sue Anderson[citation needed]
1981: Western Writers of America Spur Award for Best TV Script, Michael Landon, episode "May We Make Them Proud"[citation needed]
1982: Emmy Award for Outstanding Achievement in Music Composition for a Series (Dramatic Underscore), David Rose, episode "He Was Only Twelve" (Part 2)
1983: Young Artist Award for Best Young Actress in a Drama Series, Melissa Gilbert
1984: Young Artist Award for Best Young Actress in a Drama Series, Melissa Gilbert

text: Popularity in Spain[edit]

text: In the late 1970s and early 1980s, La Casa de la Pradera (Little House on the Prairie) was one of Spanish Television's most popular series. In 1976 Karen Grassle (Caroline Quiner Ingalls) won Spanish television's prestigious TP de Oro award for best foreign actress, and the series itself won for best foreign series; Melissa Sue Anderson (Mary Ingalls) won the TP de Oro in 1980 thanks in part to the enhanced profile she received as a result of her visit to Spain and her appearance on Spanish Television's 625 Lineas program in early 1979. The continued popularity of the show led to the appearance of Katherine MacGregor (Harriet Oleson) on 625 Lineas and Ding Dong in 1980.

text: Other media[edit]

text: Syndication[edit]

text: The show remains popular in syndicated reruns and has been on the air in the U.S. continuously since its original run. In addition to airing on local stations, it has been airing multiple times each day on INSP[15] and Hallmark Channel.[16] In the past, it has aired on TV Land and TBS. As of September 19, 2016, the show is currently airing on COZI TV four times daily, with the exception of Seasons eight and nine.

text: In the U.S., television syndication rights are currently owned by CBS Television Distribution. Originally, NBC licensed these rights to Worldvision Enterprises, since networks could not own syndication arms at the time. As a result of corporate changes, Paramount Domestic Television and CBS Paramount Domestic Television would inherit the rights via Spelling Entertainment, finally passing to CTD in 2007. In Canada, reruns of the series began airing weeknights on CTS, a Christian-based network, as of September 1, 2008.

text: Because of its historical context and its connection to the book series, it is deemed acceptable for use by the FCC to meet federal E/I programming guidelines. The show is typically stripped (run five days a week) in syndication, which is enough to completely cover a TV station's E/I requirements and more.

text: NBC owns ancillary rights and thus is the worldwide licensor for DVD rights as well. Sister company NBC Universal International Television distributes the series internationally.

text: DVD, Blu-ray and Digital Copy releases[edit]

text: The entire series has been released on standard-definition DVD, high-definition Blu-ray, and on both standard and high-definition Digital Copy. In addition, some individual episodes have been released on DVD and VHS. Starting with Season 7, the Blu-ray's are only available exclusively through Amazon.com.

text: There are multiple DVD sets which are noticeably different from one another. The original DVD sets sold in the U.S. and Canada were released under license from NBCUniversal by Imavision Distribution, a company based in Quebec. A majority of the episodes in the original North American DVD versions had scenes cut from the episodes—these were derived from the syndicated television versions by Worldvision Enterprises, the series' former distributor. Other episodes were time-compressed and are NTSC-converted video prints from UK PAL masters, while others were derived from 16MM syndication prints, also from Worldvision. Only a handful of episodes in the original sets were in their original uncut versions. The episodes in these original sets are also known to have relatively poor video quality, such as tracking lines, as well as audio problems, though the quality issues are not as pronounced in the first few seasons as they are in the later seasons. The first three seasons of the old sets notably are also missing closed-captioning.

text: These original North American DVD sets included interviews with former cast members Alison Arngrim, Dabbs Greer and Dean Butler. For the original movies & complete series sets, Imavision provided numerous additional special features including additional interviews with many of the cast members such as Melissa Gilbert and Melissa Sue Anderson and specials highlighting Michael Landon, the casting of the show, and more. Imavision also released a French-language version of the series. Both versions are in NTSC color and coded for all regions. Later copies of these original sets were distributed by Lionsgate Home Entertainment following their acquisition of Imavision, but these should not be confused with the Lionsgate re-releases described below. The DVD sets sold in the United Kingdom were released by Universal Playback (a Universal Studios Home Entertainment label); this version is in PAL color and coded for region 2. Unlike the original North American DVD sets, the UK version contains mostly uncut episodes.

text: In 2014, Lionsgate Home Entertainment began re-releasing the series in North America on DVD, and also for the first time, in high definition on Blu-ray, as well as Digital Copy through providers such as Vudu and Amazon Video. These new releases, which are stated to come direct from the original broadcast masters, contain mostly uncut episodes and are remastered to have superior picture and sound. The Blu-rays, with their high bitrate, high definition 1080p picture (as opposed to standard definition picture on the DVDs) currently provide the best viewing experience of the show that is commercially available. The first six seasons on Blu-ray notably also contain lossless audio as opposed to the compressed audio on the DVDs. Starting with Season 7, Lionsgate chose to only release the remaining Blu-ray's exclusively through Amazon.com. In the process, they made several other changes to the Blu-ray's including compressing the audio (though with a relatively high bitrate), simplifying the on-screen disc menus, and eliminating the slipcovers and included Digital Copy codes that had been present for the previous seasons.

text: The newer Lionsgate remastered sets all contain English, French, and Spanish audio as well as English subtitles. They do not include the special features present on the earlier non-remastered releases, but rather seasons 1 through 6 each contain a roughly 15 minute segment of a special called "The Little House Phenomenon". Season 1 also contains the original Pilot movie. Season 7 contains no special features. Seasons 8 & 9 contain the three post-series movie specials as extras, with "Look Back to Yesterday" and "The Last Farewell" appearing on Season 8, and "Bless All The Dear Children" appearing on Season 9. Some fans of the show have been perplexed as to why Lionsgate did this, both because all of the movies take place after the Season 9 timeline, and also because they included "The Last Farewell" on Season 8 when that is considered by fans to be the end to the show given its significant and memorable ending. Lionsgate's decision as to which movies to include on which season appears to have been based on broadcast order rather than production order, since "Bless All The Dear Children" was the last episode broadcast even though "The Last Farewell" was the last one produced. None of the available releases of the series contain "Little House Years", which was a three-hour Thanksgiving special aired during Season 6 that largely consisted of flashback clips.

text: While the re-releases are substantially better than what was previously available, there are a handful of episodes that still were released in edited form or contain other problems. The most significant of these, affecting all formats of the remastered releases, include over 3 minutes missing from the Season 7 episode, "Divorce, Walnut Grove Style," almost 4 minutes missing from Season 9's "Home Again," and extremely low volume of the townspeoples' singing on the English audio of the last scene of the final movie, "The Last Farewell."[17]

text: List of releases[edit]

text:
Name
No. of
episodes
Originally aired
DVD release dates
Remastered DVD & Blu-ray release date
Digital Copy release date

Region 1
Region 2
Region 1
Region 1

Season 1
24
1974–1975
July 8, 2003
July 25, 2005
March 25, 2014
March 25, 2014

Season 2
22
1975–1976
July 8, 2003
March 27, 2006
May 6, 2014
May 6, 2014

Season 3
22
1976–1977
November 4, 2003
March 10, 2008
September 9, 2014
September 9, 2014

Season 4
22
1977–1978
February 17, 2004
May 26, 2008
January 20, 2015
September 9, 2014

Season 5
24
1978–1979
June 29, 2004
August 4, 2008
April 14, 2015
September 9, 2014

Season 6
24
1979–1980
October 26, 2004
May 3, 2010
July 14, 2015
September 9, 2014

Season 7
22
1980–1981
February 15, 2005
July 17, 2010
October 6, 2015 (DVD)
December 22, 2015 (Blu-ray)
September 9, 2014

Season 8
22
1981–1982
June 14, 2005
March 20, 2011
January 19, 2016 (DVD)
March 22, 2016 (Blu-ray)
September 9, 2014

Season 9
22
1982–1983
November 1, 2005
January 20, 2012
April 19, 2016
September 9, 2014

3-Movie
Box Set
3 movies
1983–1984
November 28, 2006
None (but is in Complete set)
September 13, 2016 (DVD only)
September 13, 2016

The Complete
Television Series
204
1974–1984
November 11, 2008
October 7, 2015 (Dutch import)
October 6, 2015 (DVD only)
September 9, 2014

text: Announced film adaptation[edit]

text: In October 2012, Sony Pictures announced that a film based on the series's pilot is under development, with Scott Rudin as the producer.[18] However, the film was later on turnaround to Paramount Pictures in 2016, where the film resumed development.[19] [20] It has Sean Durkin as the director and Abi Morgan as the screenwriter, although Rudin is still the film’s producer. [21] No actors have been selected or joined the cast yet.