document_title: List of Asian countries by population

question_text: what are the most populated countries in asia

root

text: List of Asian countries by population

text: This is a list of Asian countries and dependent territories by population sorted by normalized demographic projections.

tag: p

text: Table[edit]

text:
Rank
Country
(or dependent territory)
July 1, 2015
projection[1]
% of
Asia's
population
Average
relative
annual
growth
(%)[2]
Average
absolute
annual
growth
[3]
Estimated
doubling
time
(Years)[4]
Official
figure
(where
available)
Date of
last figure
Source

1
 China
1,387,160,730
31.35
0.49
6,730,000
141
1,387,630,000
January 14, 2018
Official population clock

2
 India
1,324,009,090
29.72
1.64
20,998,000
43
1,210,854,977
March 1, 2011
Final 2011 census result

3
 Indonesia
255,462,000
5.84
1.41
3,549,000
50
261,890,900
2017
Official estimate

4
 Pakistan
191,785,000
4.39
2.40
3,765,000
35
207,774,520
2017
Official Census 2017

5
 Bangladesh
158,762,000
3.63
1.37
2,139,000
51
164,160,000
January 14, 2018
Official population clock

6
 Russia[5]
144,031,000
3.19
0.19
278,000
368
146,544,710
January 1, 2016
Annual official estimate

7
 Japan
126,891,000
2.81
-0.01
-12,000
-
126,890,000
November 1, 2015
Monthly official estimate

8
 Philippines
100,699,395
2.23
1.5
1,500,000
45
100,981,437
August 1, 2015
2015 Census of Population

9
 Vietnam
91,812,000
2.03
1.16
1,057,000
60
90,493,352
April 1, 2014
Official estimate

10
 Iran
78,778,000
1.74
1.29
1,001,000
54
80,753,000
January 14, 2018
Official population clock

11
 Turkey
78,214,000
1.73
1.34
1,035,000
52
77,695,904
December 31, 2014
Official estimate

12
 Thailand
68,387,000
1.51
0.76
517,000
91
65,926,261
September 1, 2010
2010 census result

13
 Myanmar
56,480,000
1.26
1.22
632,000
57
51,486,253
March 29, 2014
2014 census result

14
 South Korea
50,617,000
1.12
0.38
193,000
181
50,617,045
2015
Official estimate

15
 Iraq
36,575,000
0.81
2.90
1,030,000
24
36,575,000
2015
Official estimate

16
 Saudi Arabia
31,521,000
0.70
2.44
751,000
29
31,521,418
2015
Official estimate

17
 Uzbekistan
31,283,000
0.69
1.70
523,000
41
31,022,500
January 1, 2015
Official estimate

18
 Malaysia
31,032,000
0.69
1.84
561,000
38
32,282,000
January 14, 2018
Official population clock

19
   Nepal
28,038,000
0.62
1.42
392,000
49
28,037,904
2015
Official estimate

20
 Afghanistan
26,849,000
0.59
1.87
494,000
37
27,101,365
January 1, 2016
Official estimate

21
 Yemen
26,745,000
0.59
2.95
766,000
24
24,527,000
July 1, 2012
Official estimate

22
 North Korea
25,863,000
0.57
1.08
277,000
64
24,052,231
October 1, 2008
Final 2008 census result

23
 Taiwan[6]
23,455,000
0.52
0.35
81,000
200
23,476,640
October 31, 2015
Monthly official estimate

24
 Sri Lanka
22,480,000
0.51
0.94
194,000
74
22,480,000
February 19, 2017
Live Population

25
 Syria
18,906,000
0.42
2.45
557,000
29
21,377,000
December 31, 2011
Official estimate

26
 Kazakhstan
17,541,000
0.39
1.45
250,000
48
17,608,200
October 1, 2015
Monthly official estimate

27
 Cambodia
15,040,000
0.33
1.59
236,000
44
13,395,682
March 3, 2008
Final 2008 census result

28
 Azerbaijan
9,651,000
0.21
1.23
117,000
57
9,593,000
January 1, 2015
Official estimate

29
 United Arab Emirates
8,933,000
0.20
1.57
138,000
45
8,264,070
2010
Official estimate

30
 Tajikistan
8,451,000
0.19
2.35
194,000
30
8,354,000
January 1, 2015
Official estimate

31
 Israel
8,372,000
0.19
1.89
155,000
37
8,436,600
October 31, 2015
Monthly official estimate

32
 Hong Kong (China)[7]
7,299,000
0.16
0.90
65,000
77
7,298,600
July 1, 2015
Official estimate

33
 Jordan
6,837,000
0.15
2.75
183,000
26
6,388,000
2012
Official estimate

34
 Laos
6,802,000
0.15
1.63
109,000
43
6,492,400
March 1, 2015
Preliminary 2015 census result

35
 Kyrgyzstan
5,943,000
0.13
1.64
96,000
43
5,895,100
January 1, 2015
Official estimate

36
 Singapore
5,541,000
0.12
1.30
71,000
54
5,535,000
July 1, 2015
Official estimate

37
 Turkmenistan
4,902,000
0.11
1.24
60,000
56
4,751,120
December 26, 2012
2012 census result

38
 Palestine[8]
4,683,000
0.10
2.92
133,000
24
4,550,368
2014
Official estimate

39
 Lebanon
4,288,000
0.09
1.78
75,000
39
4,965,846
December 31, 2013
Official estimate[permanent dead link]

40
 Oman
4,181,000
0.09
5.13
204,000
14
4,351,300
January 14, 2018
Official population clock

41
 Kuwait
4,161,000
0.09
3.00
121,000
23
4,183,658
June 30, 2015
Official estimate

42
 Georgia
3,730,000
0.08
0.03
1,000
2,585
3,729,500
January 1, 2015
Official estimate

43
 Mongolia
3,029,000
0.07
2.19
65,000
32
3,162,200
January 14, 2018
Official population clock

44
 Armenia
3,005,000
0.07
-0.03
-1,000
-
3,004,000
September 30, 2015
Monthly official estimate

45
 Qatar
2,113,000
0.05
4.29
87,000
16
2,412,483
October 31, 2015
Monthly official estimate

46
 Bahrain
1,781,000
0.04
7.35
122,000
10
1,234,571
April 27, 2010
Final 2010 census result

47
 Timor-Leste
1,245,000
0.03
2.72
33,000
26
1,167,242
July 11, 2015
Preliminary 2015 census result

48
 Bhutan
760,000
0.02
1.74
13,000
40
798,870
January 14, 2018
Official population clock

49
 Macau (China)[9]
641,000
0.01
3.89
24,000
18
643,100
September 2015
Official estimate

50
 Brunei
421,000
0.01
1.69
7,000
41
393,372
June 20, 2011
Preliminary 2011 census result

51
 Maldives
345,000
0.01
1.47
5,000
47
344,023
September 20, 2014
Preliminary 2014 census result

Total
4,516,317,000
100.00
1.16
52,210,000
58

tag: table

text: Asian population by country (top 8).


document_title: Football records in England

question_text: most goals in a season in english football

text: Football records in England

text: National team[edit]

text: League[edit]

text: Records in this section refer to the English Football Pyramid

text: Titles[edit]

text:
Most League titles: 20, Manchester United
Most consecutive League titles: 3, joint record:[1]
Huddersfield Town: 1923–24, 1924–25, 1925–26
Arsenal: 1932–33, 1933–34, 1934–35
Liverpool: 1981–82, 1982–83, 1983–84
Manchester United (twice): 1998–99, 1999–00, 2000–01; 2006–07, 2007–08, 2008–09
Top-flight title win at first attempt: 1961-62, Ipswich

tag: ul

text: Top-flight appearances[edit]

text:
Most seasons in top flight overall: 114 seasons, Everton
Most consecutive seasons in top flight: 90 seasons, Arsenal (1919–present, though no League football was played due to World War II between 1939 and 1945–46)[2]
Fewest seasons in top flight overall: 1 season, joint record, Glossop, Leyton Orient, Northampton Town, Carlisle United, Swindon Town, and Barnsley have completed only one season in top flight in their history.

text: Representation[edit]

text:
Most participants in top flight from one area: During the three consecutive seasons 1919–21, the historic boundaries (pre-1974) of the County of Lancashire had nine participants in the top-flight: Blackburn Rovers, Bolton Wanderers, Burnley, Everton, Liverpool, Manchester City, Manchester United, Oldham Athletic,and Preston North End.[3]
During the Premiership era, there were eight participants in the historic county of Lancashire during the 2010–11 season: Blackburn Rovers, Blackpool, Bolton Wanderers, Everton, Liverpool, Manchester City, Manchester United, and Wigan Athletic.[3]
Most participants in top flight from one city: During the season 1989–1990, London had eight entrants in the top-flight: Arsenal, Charlton Athletic, Chelsea, Crystal Palace, Millwall, Queen's Park Rangers, Tottenham Hotspur, and Wimbledon.
City represented with most seasons in top flight: Liverpool. The city has always had a top flight member of either Everton or Liverpool.

text: Wins[edit]

text:
Most wins in the top-flight overall: 1863, Liverpool[4]
Most wins at home overall: 1341, Manchester United[5]
Most wins at home in top-flight overall: 1203, Liverpool[4]
Most wins away overall: 755, Manchester United[5]
Most wins away in top-flight overall: 667, Arsenal[4]
Most wins from start of a top flight season: 11, Tottenham Hotspur (First Division, 1960-61)[6]
Most wins from start of a season: 13, Reading F.C. (Third Division, 1985-86)[7]
Most consecutive league wins: 18, Manchester City[8] (Premier League, 28 August 2017 - 27 December 2017)
Most consecutive wins (all competitions): 20, Manchester City[9] (26 August 2017 - 3 December 2017)

text: Draws[edit]

text:
Most draws overall in the top flight: 1106, Everton[4]
Most draws in a season: 23, joint record:[10]
Norwich City (from 42 games, First Division, 1978–79)
Exeter City (from 46 games, Fourth Division, 1986–87)
Hartlepool United (from 46 games, Third Division, 1997–98)
Cardiff City (from 46 games, Third Division, 1997–98)
Most consecutive draws: 8:[10]
Torquay United (Third Division, 1969–70)
Middlesbrough (Second Division, 1970–71)
Peterborough United (Fourth Division, 1971–72)
Birmingham City (Third Division, 1990–91)
Chesterfield (League One, 2005–06)
Southampton (Championship, 2005–06)
Swansea City (Championship, 2008–09)

text: Losses[edit]

text:
Most losses overall in the top flight: 1,506, Everton[4]
Most losses in a season: 34, Doncaster Rovers, (Third Division, 1997–98; final record P46 W4 D8 L34)
Fewest losses: 0, joint record:[11][12]
Preston North End (First Division, 1888–89; final record P22 W18 D4 L0)
Arsenal (Premier League, 2003–04; final record P38 W26 D12 L0)
Liverpool (Second Division, 1893-94; final record P28 W22 D6 L0)
Most consecutive losses:[13]
18, Darwen, 1898–1899 (Second Division)
17, Rochdale, 1931–32 (Division 3 North)
17, Sunderland, 2002-2003 (15 in top tier)

text: Points[edit]

text:
Most points overall in the top flight (mixed 3pts for a win and 2pts for win): 5,437, Liverpool[14][15]
Most points in a season (2 points for a win - 46 matches): 74, Lincoln City (Fourth Division, 1975–76)
Most points in a season (3 points for a win - 46 matches): 106, Reading (Championship, 2005–06)
Most points in a season for a top-flight team (2 points for a win - 42 matches): 68 (30 wins 8 draws), Liverpool (First Division, 1978–79)
Most points in a season for a top-flight team (3 points for a win - 38 matches): 95 (29 wins 8 draws), Chelsea (Premier League, 2004–05)
Fewest points in a season (2 points for a win - 34 matches): 8, joint record:
Loughborough (Second Division, 1899–1900)
Doncaster Rovers (Second Division, 1904–05)
Fewest points in a season (3 points for a win - 38 matches): 11, Derby County (Premier League, 2007–08)
Most points in a season while being relegated (2 points for a win - 46 matches): 41, Rotherham United (Third Division, 1972–73)
Most points in a season while being relegated (3 points for a win - 46 matches): 54, joint record:
Southend United (Third Division, 21st of 24; 1988–89)
Peterborough United (Championship, 22nd of 24; 2012-13)

text: Games without a win[edit]

text:
Most consecutive league games without a win: 32, Derby County (Premier League/Championship 22 September 2007 to 13 September 2008)
Longest run without a home win: Sunderland (Premier League/Championship 17 December 2016 to 16 December 2017).

text: Goals[edit]

text:
Most league goals scored in a season: (134) Peterborough United (Fourth Division, 1960–61)[16]
Most top-flight goals scored in a season (42 games): 128, Aston Villa (First Division, 1930–31)[17]
Most goals scored in all competitions in a season by a top-flight side: 156, Manchester City (2013–14)[18]
Most top-flight goals scored in total: 6929, Everton.[19] - to end 2016/17 season
Most home league goals scored in a season: 87, Millwall (Third Division South, 1927–28)[16]
Most away league goals scored in a season: 60, Arsenal (First Division, 1930–31)[16]
Most consecutive games scoring: 55, Arsenal (Premier League, 19 May 2001 – 30 November 2002)[20]
Most consecutive games without scoring: 11, Coventry City (Second Division, 1919–20) and Hartlepool United (League Two, 1992–93)[16]
First league goal awarded by goal-line technology: scored by Edin Džeko in the 14th minute of the Premier League game between Manchester City and Cardiff City on 18 January 2014. The game was officiated by Neil Swarbrick, who consulted his watch when Cardiff defender Kevin McNaughton quickly cleared the ball away just after it entered the goal.[21]

text: Scorelines[edit]

text:
Record win: 13–0, joint record:
Stockport County 13–0 Halifax Town (Third Division North, 6 January 1934)[22]
Newcastle United 13–0 Newport County (Second Division, 5 October 1946)
Record win in top division: 12–0, joint record:
West Bromwich Albion 12–0 Darwen (First Division, 4 April 1892)[23]
Nottingham Forest 12–0 Leicester Fosse (First Division, 21 March 1909)[23]
Record away win: Port Vale 0–10 Sheffield United (Second Division, 10 December 1892)
Record away win in top flight: by 8 goals, joint record
Wolverhampton Wanderers 0–8 West Bromwich Albion (First Division, 27 December 1893)[23]
Newcastle United 1–9 Sunderland (First Division, 5 December 1908)[23]
Cardiff City 1–9 Wolverhampton Wanderers (First Division, 3 November 1955)[23]
Highest scoring draw: 6–6, joint record:
Leicester City 6–6 Arsenal (First Division, 21 April 1930)[24]
Charlton Athletic 6–6 Middlesbrough (Second Division, 22 October 1960)[25]
Most double figure league wins by a team: 5, Birmingham City (12–0 v Walsall, 17 December 1892; 10–2 v Manchester City, 17 March 1894; 10–1 v Blackpool, 2 March 1901; 12–0 v Doncaster Rovers, 11 April 1903; 11–1 v Glossop, 6 January 1915) (all Second Division)
Most goals scored by a losing side: 6 by Huddersfield Town losing 7–6 to Charlton Athletic (21 December 1957)

text: Disciplinary[edit]

text:
Most red cards in a single match:
5 joint:
Bradford City (3) v. Crawley Town (2) (27 March 2012) (all after the final whistle)
Chesterfield (2) v. Plymouth Argyle (3) (22 February 1997)
Wigan Athletic (1) v. Bristol Rovers (4) (2 December 1997)
Exeter City (3) v. Cambridge United (2) (23 November 2002)
Most red cards in a career (individual): 13, joint record:
Roy McDonough (Colchester United, Exeter City, Southend United),[26][27]
Steve Walsh (Wigan Athletic and Leicester City)[26][27]
Fastest red card: 13 seconds, Kevin Pressman (Sheffield Wednesday v Wolverhampton Wanderers, 13 August 2000)[28]
Fastest yellow card: 3 seconds, Vinnie Jones (Chelsea v Sheffield United, 21 March 1992)[29]
Fastest red card for a substitute on the field of play: 0 seconds, joint record:
Walter Boyd (Swansea City, 12 March 2000),
Keith Gillespie (Sheffield United, 20 January 2007)

text: Both players came on as a substitute and elbowed/pushed an opponent before the game had been restarted.

text: Transfers[edit]

text:
Highest transfer fee received: £142 million:
Philippe Coutinho, from Liverpool to FC Barcelona (7 January 2018)
Highest transfer fee paid: £89 million:
Paul Pogba, from Juventus to Manchester United (8 August 2016)

text: Individual[edit]

text: Appearances[edit]

text:
Most titles won by an individual player: 13, Ryan Giggs
Most career league appearances: 1,005 (849 in First Division), Peter Shilton (1966 to 1997)[30]
Most career league appearances by an outfield player: 931, Tony Ford (1975 to 2002)
Most career league appearances at one club: 770, John Trollope (Swindon Town, 1960 to 1980)
Most career top-flight league appearances at one club: 672, Ryan Giggs (Manchester United, 1991 to 6 May 2014)
Most career consecutive league appearances: 375, Harold Bell (Tranmere Rovers), 1946 to 1955 (401 consecutive club games including 26 FA Cup appearances)
Oldest player: Neil McBain, 51 years and 20 days (for New Brighton v. Hartlepool United, 1947)
Youngest player: Reuben Noble-Lazarus, 15 years and 45 days (for Barnsley v. Ipswich Town, 30 September 2008)[31]

text: Goals[edit]

text:
Most career league goals: 434, Arthur Rowley (619 matches, for West Bromwich Albion, Fulham, Leicester City and Shrewsbury Town, 1946 to 1965)
Most career top-flight goals: 357, Jimmy Greaves (516 matches, for Chelsea, Tottenham Hotspur and West Ham United, 1957 to 1971)
Most consecutive top flight league matches scored in: 12, Jimmy Dunne, for Sheffield United between 24 October 1931 and 1 January 1932, for a total of 18 goals.
Most goals in a season: 60, Dixie Dean (39 matches, for Everton 1927–28)
Most goals in a game: 10, Joe Payne (for Luton Town v. Bristol Rovers, 13 April 1936)
Most goals in a top-flight game: 7, Ted Drake for Arsenal v. Aston Villa (away), 14 December 1935[32]
Fastest goal: 3.5 seconds, Colin Cowperthwaite (for Barrow v. Kettering Town, 1979)[33]
Fastest goal on a League debut: 7 seconds, Freddy Eastwood (for Southend United v. Swansea City, 16 October 2004)
Fastest hat-trick (time between first and third goals): 2 minutes 21 seconds, James Hayter (for AFC Bournemouth v. Wrexham, 23 February 2004)
Fastest goal by a substitute: 6 seconds, Nicklas Bendtner (for Arsenal v. Tottenham Hotspur, 22 December 2007)[34]
Fastest player to 100 English top flight goals Dave Halliday - 101 games[35]
Players to score over 30 league goals in four consecutive seasons Dave Halliday - 1925-29.[35] Halliday in fact scored at least 35 goals in each of those four seasons[35]
Most own goals in one season: 5, SP Bloke (Middlesbrough, 1934–35)
Most hat-tricks in one season: 9, George Camsell (Middlesbrough, 1926–27)
Most career hat-tricks: 37, Dixie Dean (Tranmere Rovers, Everton, 1923–1937)
Longest goalkeeping run without conceding a goal: 1,311 minutes, Edwin van der Sar (for Manchester United, 2008–09)
Youngest goalscorer: Ronnie Dix, 15 years and 180 days (for Bristol Rovers v. Norwich City, 3 March 1928)
Youngest top-flight goalscorer: Jason Dozzell, 16 years and 57 days (for Ipswich Town v. Coventry City, February 1984)
Youngest hat-trick goalscorer: Trevor Francis, 16 years and 317 days (for Birmingham City v. Bolton Wanderers, 20 February 1971)

text: FA Cup[edit]

text: Final[edit]

text: Team[edit]

text: This section does not cite any sources. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (April 2018) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

text:
Most wins: 13:
Arsenal (1930, 1936, 1950, 1971, 1979, 1993, 1998, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2014, 2015, 2017)
Most consecutive wins: 3, joint record:
Wanderers (1876, 1877, 1878)
Blackburn Rovers, (1884, 1885, 1886)
Most appearances in a final: 20:
Arsenal (1927, 1930, 1932, 1936, 1950, 1952, 1971, 1972, 1978, 1979, 1980, 1993, 1998, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2014, 2015, 2017)
Manchester United (1909, 1948, 1957, 1958, 1963, 1976, 1977, 1979, 1983, 1985, 1990, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1999, 2004, 2005, 2007, 2016, 2018)
Most appearances without winning: 4, Leicester City (1949, 1961, 1963, 1969)
Most appearances without losing: 6, Arsenal (2002, 2003, 2005, 2014, 2015, 2017)
Most goals in a final: 7:
Blackburn Rovers 6–1 Sheffield Wednesday (1890)
Blackpool 4–3 Bolton Wanderers (1953)
Most goals by a losing side: 3:
Bolton Wanderers: Lost 3–4 against Blackpool (1953)
West Ham United: Drew 3–3 but lost in a penalty shootout against Liverpool (2006)
Most defeats in the final: 8, Everton (1893, 1897, 1907, 1968, 1985, 1986, 1989, 2009)

text: Individual[edit]

text:
Most wins: 7, Ashley Cole (Arsenal) (2002, 2003, 2005) & (Chelsea) (2007, 2009, 2010, 2012)
Most appearances: 9, Arthur Kinnaird (Wanderers) (1872–73, 1874–75, 1875–76, 1876–77, 1877–78) & (Old Etonians) (1878–79, 1880–81, 1881–82, 1882–83)
Most goals (one final): 3, Billy Townley (Blackburn Rovers) (1890), James Logan (Notts County) (1894) & Stan Mortensen (Blackpool) (1953)
Most goals (all finals): 5, Ian Rush (Liverpool)
Most finals scored in: 4, Didier Drogba (Chelsea) (2007, 2009, 2010, 2012)
Youngest FA Cup finalist: Curtis Weston (Millwall), 17 years and 119 days
Youngest player to score in an FA Cup Final: Norman Whiteside (Manchester United), 18 years and 19 days
Oldest player: Billy Hampson, 41 years and 257 days (for Newcastle United v. Aston Villa, 1923–24)

text: All rounds[edit]

text:
Most FA Cup goals scored: 844: Kettering town[36]
Most FA Cup goals conceded: 539: Aston Villa.[36]
Highest FA Cup goal difference: +305: Aston Villa.[36]
Most FA Cup games played: 440: Arsenal.[36]
Most FA Cup games won: 236: Manchester United.[36]
Most FA Cup games lost: 128: Notts County.[36]
Most FA Cup games drawn: 103: Arsenal.[36]
Biggest win: Preston North End 26–0 Hyde (First Round, 15 October 1887)
Biggest away win: Clapton 0–14 Nottingham Forest (First Round, 17 January 1891) and Boston United 0-14 Spalding United (First Qualifying Round, 1964
Biggest away win by a non-league club against a league club: Derby County 1–6 Boston United (Second Round, 1955/56)
Most clubs competing for trophy in a season: 763 (2011–12)
Longest tie: 660 minutes (6 matches in total), Oxford City v. Alvechurch (Fourth Qualifying Round, 1971–72; Alvechurch won the sixth match 1–0)
Longest penalty shootout: 20 penalties each, Tunbridge Wells v. Littlehampton Town (Preliminary Round Replay, 31 August 2005; Tunbridge Wells won 16–15)
Most rounds played in a season: 9, joint record:
Brighton & Hove Albion (1932–33: 1st–4th Qualifying Rounds, 1st–5th Rounds)
New Brighton (1956–57: Preliminary, 1st–4th Qualifying Rounds, 1st–4th Rounds)
Blyth Spartans (1977–78: 1st–4th Qualifying Rounds, 1st–5th Rounds)
Harlow Town (1979–80: Preliminary, 1st–4th Qualifying Rounds, 1st–4th Rounds)
Most games played in a season: 13, Bideford (1973–74: one First Qualifying, two Second Qualifying, five Third Qualifying, four Fourth Qualifying and one First Round)
Fastest goal: 4 seconds, Gareth Morris (for Ashton United v. Skelmersdale United, 17 September 2001)
Most consecutive games without defeat: 22, Blackburn Rovers (1884–1886)

Most consecutive games without defeat: (Excluding defeat by penalty shoot-out) 29, Chelsea (2009–13)
Fastest hat-trick: 2 min 20 sec, Andy Locke (for Nantwich Town v. Droylsden, 1995)[37]
Most Career Goals: 49, Henry "Harry" Cursham (Notts County between 1877 and 1888).
Most goals by a player in a single FA Cup season: 19, Jimmy Ross (for Preston North End, 1887-88).[38]
Most goals by a player in a single FA Cup game: 9, Ted MacDougall (for AFC Bournemouth in 1971)[39]
Scoreline: Two examples of teams scoring 7 goals and not winning – Dulwich Hamlet 8–7 St Albans City (Fourth Qualifying Round Replay, 22 November 1922), and Dulwich Hamlet 7–7 Wealdstone (Fourth Qualifying Round, 16 November 1929).
Youngest player: Andy Awford, 15 years and 88 days (for Worcester City v. Boreham Wood, Third qualifying round, 1987–88),[40]
Youngest goalscorer: Sean Cato, 16 years and 25 days (for Barrow Town v. Rothwell Town, 2011–12)[41]
Youngest goalscorer (proper rounds): George Williams, 16 years, 2 months and 5 days (for Milton Keynes Dons v. Nantwich Town, 2011–12)

text: League Cup[edit]

text: Final[edit]

text:
Most wins (team): 8, Liverpool (1981, 1982, 1983, 1984, 1995, 2001, 2003, 2012)
Biggest win in a final: 5 goals: Swansea City 5–0 Bradford City (2013)
Most goals in a final (Since one off match): 5 goals (joint record)
Queens Park Rangers 3–2 West Bromwich Albion (1967)
Aston Villa 3–2 Everton (1977) (Second replay)
Nottingham Forest 3–2 Southampton (1979)
Luton Town 3–2 Arsenal (1988)
Chelsea 3–2 Liverpool (2005)
Swansea City 5–0 Bradford City (2013)
Manchester United 3–2 Southampton (2017)
Most appearances (team): 12, Liverpool
Most wins (individual): 5, Ian Rush (Liverpool, 1980–81, 1981–82, 1982–83, 1983–84, 1994–95)
Most defeats in a final: 5, Arsenal (1968, 1969, 1988, 2007, 2011)
Most appearances without winning: 2:
West Ham United
Everton
Bolton Wanderers
Sunderland
Southampton
Lowest ranked winners: Queens Park Rangers, Swindon Town – Third Division (now Football League One)
Lowest ranked finalists: Rochdale – Fourth Division (now Football League Two) and Bradford City (Football League Two)
Fastest goal in League Cup Final: 45 seconds, John Arne Riise (Liverpool v. Chelsea in 3–2 defeat, 2005)

text: All rounds[edit]

text:
Biggest win (single match): 10–0, joint record:
West Ham United 10–0 Bury (Second round, second leg, 25 October 1983)
Liverpool 10–0 Fulham (Second round, first leg, 23 September 1986)
Biggest win (aggregate): by 11 goals, joint record:
Liverpool 13–2 Fulham (10–0 First leg & 3–2 Second leg, 1986)
Bury 1–12 West Ham United (1–2 First leg & 0–10 Second leg, 1983)
Liverpool 11–0 Exeter City (5–0 First leg & 6–0 Second leg, 1981)
Watford 11–0 Darlington (8–0 First leg & 3–0 Second leg, 1987)
Everton 11-0 Wrexham (5-0 First leg: Away & 6-0 Second leg: Home, 1990)
Most career goals: 49, joint record:
Geoff Hurst (West Ham United and Stoke City, 1958 to 1976)
Ian Rush (Liverpool and Newcastle United, 1980 to 1998)
Most goals in a single match: 6, Frankie Bunn (for Oldham Athletic v. Scarborough, 25 October 1989, in their 7–0 win)
Most goals by a losing side: Reading (5), Reading v. Arsenal, 30 October 2012 in their 5–7 defeat (after extra time)
Most goals by a side without winning: Dagenham & Redbridge (6), Brentford v. Dagenham & Redbridge, 11 August 2014 in a 6-6 draw (Brentford won 4–2 on penalties).

text: FA Charity / Community Shield[edit]

text: Final[edit]

text:
Most wins (team): 21 (17 outright, 4 shared), Manchester United (1908, 1911, 1952, 1956, 1957, 1965, 1967, 1977, 1983, 1990, 1993, 1994, 1996, 1997, 2003, 2007, 2008, 2010, 2011, 2013, 2016)
Most appearances (team): 30, Manchester United (1908, 1911, 1948, 1952, 1956, 1957, 1963, 1965, 1967, 1977, 1983, 1985, 1990, 1993, 1994, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2003, 2004, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2013, 2016)
Record scoreline: Manchester United 8–4 Swindon Town in 1911
Most wins (individual): 9, Ryan Giggs all outright wins (1993, 1994, 1996, 1997, 2003, 2007, 2008, 2010, 2013)
Most appearances (individual): 15, Ryan Giggs of Manchester United (1993, 1994, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2003, 2004, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2013)
Most defeats (individual): 6, Ryan Giggs (1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2004, 2009)
Most consecutive wins: 4, Everton (1984, 1985, 1986 (shared), 1987)
Most consecutive defeats: 4, Manchester United (1998, 1999, 2000, 2001)
Most consecutive appearances: 6, Manchester United (1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001)
Most consecutive appearances (individual): 6, Ryan Giggs (1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001)

text: All competitions[edit]

text:
Fastest century of goals scored during a Premier League season (in fewest no. of games played): 103 goals scored in 34 games by Manchester City in season 2013–14. Previous record: 100 goals scored in 42 games by Chelsea in season 2012–13 (excludes games played / goals scored in FA Community Shield (1/2), UEFA Super Cup (1/1) and FIFA Club World Cup (2/3)).[21]
Fastest century of goals scored during a Premier League season (in elapsed calendar days): 103 goals scored on 18 January 2014 by Manchester City in 2013–14. Previous record: 100 goals scored on 21 February 2013 by Chelsea in season 2012–13 (excludes games played / goals scored in FA Community Shield (1/2), UEFA Super Cup (1/1) and FIFA Club World Cup (2/3)).[21]
Most consecutive penalty shoot out wins: 9 by Bradford City between 6 October 2009 and 11 December 2012[42]
Football League Cup (5th Round), 11 December 2012, Bradford City beat Arsenal 3–2 on penalties (score 1–1 after extra time)
FA Cup (2nd Round Proper replay), 13 November 2012, Bradford City beat Northampton Town 4–2 on penalties (score 3–3 after extra time)
Football League Cup (4th Round), 30 October 2012, Bradford City beat Wigan Athletic 4–2 on penalties (score 0–0 after extra time)
Football League Trophy (2nd Round), 9 October 2012, Bradford City beat Hartlepool United 3–2 on penalties (score 0–0 after normal time)
Football League Trophy (Quarter-finals), 8 November 2011, Bradford City beat Sheffield United 6–5 on penalties (score 1–1 after normal time)
Football League Trophy (2nd Round), 4 October 2011, Bradford City beat Huddersfield Town 4–3 on penalties (score 2–2 after normal time)
Football League Trophy (1st Round), 30 August 2011, Bradford City beat Sheffield Wednesday 3–1 on penalties (score 0–0 after normal time)
Football League Trophy (Quarter-finals), 10 November 2009, Bradford City beat Port Vale 5–4 on penalties (score 2–2 after normal time)
Football League Trophy (2nd Round), 6 October 2009, Bradford City beat Notts County 3–2 on penalties (score 2–2 after normal time)
Fastest penalty awarded: 6 seconds. Chester v Witton Albion – 13 December 2016. Referee Joseph Johnson awarded a penalty when Blaine Hudson upended Tolani Omotola after 6 seconds.[43]

text: Attendance records[edit]

text:
Record attendance: 126,047 – Bolton Wanderers v West Ham United played at Wembley FA Cup Final (28 April 1923).
Record attendance at club ground: 121,919 – Aston Villa v Sunderland played at Crystal Palace FA Cup Final (19 April 1913).
Record home attendance: 85,512 – Tottenham Hotspur v Bayer Leverkusen played at Wembley UEFA Champions League (2 November 2016).
Record home attendance at own stadium: 84,569 – Manchester City v Stoke City played at Maine Road FA Cup R6 (3 March 1934).
Record league attendance: 83,260 – Manchester United v Arsenal played at Maine Road First Division (17 January 1948).
Record league attendance at own stadium: 82,905 – Chelsea v Arsenal played at Stamford Bridge  First Division (12 October 1935).
Record attendance at new Wembley: 89,874 – Portsmouth v Cardiff FA Cup Final (17 May 2008).

text: List of English record winners of elite competitions[edit]

text: These tables list the clubs that have won elite honours an English record number of times. It lists all international competitions organised by UEFA and FIFA. It also lists elite competitions organised by the English governing bodies the English Football League, the Premier League, and The Football Association; those competitions where clubs wouldn't have qualified for a higher alternative competition, and those which were neither invitational nor regional.

text: Ongoing competitions[edit]

text:
English record winners of all ongoing elite competitions

Competition

Record club

Total wins

Newest win

Notes

English Champions

Manchester United

20

2013

[44]

FA Cup

Arsenal

13

2017

[45]

EFL Cup

Liverpool

8

2012

[46]

FA Community Shield

Manchester United

21

2016

[47]

UEFA Champions League

Liverpool

5

2005

[48]

UEFA Europa League

Liverpool

3

2001

[49]

UEFA Super Cup

Liverpool

3

2005

[50]

FIFA Club World Cup

Manchester United

1

2008

[51]

text: Discontinued Competitions[edit]

text: This table follows the elite criteria above. It also includes any competitions that were not directly run by the governing bodies but were precursors to such competitions.

text:
English record winners of discontinued elite competitions

Competition

Record club

Total wins

Newest win

Notes

Full Members Cup

Chelsea & Nottingham Forest

2

1992

[52]

Football League Centenary Trophy

Arsenal

1

1988

[53]

Sheriff of London Charity Shield

Corinthian

3

1904

[47]

UEFA Cup Winners' Cup

Chelsea

2

1998

[54]

Inter-Cities Fairs Cup

Leeds United

2

1971

[55]

Intercontinental Cup

Manchester United

1

1999

text: Managers[edit]

text:
Longest-serving manager at one club: Fred Everiss, 46 years (West Bromwich Albion 1902–1948)[56]
Shortest-serving manager at one club (excluding caretakers): Leroy Rosenior, 10 minutes (Torquay United, 17 May 2007)[57]
Most trophy wins: Sir Alex Ferguson, 38 (Manchester United)
Most League title wins: Sir Alex Ferguson, 13 (Manchester United)
Most FA Cup wins: Arsène Wenger, 7 (Arsenal)
Most League Cup wins: 4, joint record:
Brian Clough with Nottingham Forest
Sir Alex Ferguson with Manchester United
José Mourinho with Chelsea and Manchester United
Most FA Charity/Community Shield wins: Sir Alex Ferguson, 10 (9 outright, 1 shared) (Manchester United)
Most Intercontinental Cup / FIFA Club World Cup wins: Sir Alex Ferguson, 2 (Manchester United)
Most European Cup / UEFA Champions League wins: Bob Paisley, 3 (Liverpool)*
Most Inter-Cities Fairs Cup / UEFA Cup / Europa League wins: Don Revie, 2 (Leeds United)
Most top-flight League game wins: Sir Alex Ferguson, 625 games (Manchester United)[58]
Most European Cup / UEFA Champions League game wins: Sir Alex Ferguson, 110 games (Manchester United)[58]

text: (*) This is also a joint overall European record.

text: Footnotes[edit]

text:
Jump up ^ GGM 26: Arsenal clinch a hat-trick of titles | News Archive | News | Arsenal.com Archived 20 October 2011 at the Wayback Machine.

Jump up ^ All-Time Arsenal | The Club | Arsenal.com

^ Jump up to: a b English Football League and F. A. Premier League Tables 1888-2016 by Michael Robinson (2016)

^ Jump up to: a b c d e England – First Level All-Time Tables

^ Jump up to: a b England – Professional Football All-Time Tables

Jump up ^ Bloomfield, Craig (12 September 2011). "Top 10 starts to a season: Man United, Man City, Liverpool, Arsenal, Leeds United, Spurs and Preston". talksport.com. Talksport. Retrieved 5 August 2016.

Jump up ^ "Club Honours and Records". Reading F.C. 11 July 2012. Archived from the original on 14 February 2013. Retrieved 15 September 2012.

Jump up ^ Bate, Adam (27 December 2017). "Manchester City have won 18 games in a row: Who can stop them now?". Sky Sports. Retrieved 27 December 2017.

Jump up ^ Clayton, David (3 December 2017). "Silva's late winner makes it 20 wins in a row". Manchester City. Manchester. Retrieved 3 December 2017.

^ Jump up to: a b The Football League | Stats | Records | Records – League | Draws | DRAWS Archived 14 October 2013 at the Wayback Machine.

Jump up ^ Barclay, Patrick (16 May 2004). "Arsenal join the Invincibles". The Daily Telegraph. London.

Jump up ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 22 February 2014. Retrieved 11 February 2014.

Jump up ^ Football League: Most Consecutive Losses Archived 19 September 2012 at the Wayback Machine.

Jump up ^ England – All-Time Table

Jump up ^ "English Premier League : Full All Time Table". statto.com. Archived from the original on 10 January 2016. Retrieved 12 March 2015.

^ Jump up to: a b c d The Football League | Stats | Records | Records – League | Goals | GOALS Archived 20 March 2012 at the Wayback Machine.

Jump up ^ Aston Villa did not win the championship, finishing second to Arsenal whose goal tally of 127 that season is the second-highest ever in the top flight.

Jump up ^ "Man City on course to smash the English goalscoring record". MEN. 2016-09-26.

Jump up ^ England – First Level All-Time Tables

Jump up ^ Behind the Numbers: Scoring scoring Arsenal | Club Records | History | Arsenal.com Archived 21 June 2012 at the Wayback Machine.

^ Jump up to: a b c "Premier League review: Man City landmark and did Suarez dive?". London. 19 January 2014. Retrieved 26 January 2014.

Jump up ^ "Football League Matches: Arsenal Only Draw, Record Scoring by Stockport". The Manchester Guardian. 8 January 1934. p. 3.

^ Jump up to: a b c d e "English Premier League : Records". statto.com. Archived from the original on 7 November 2011. Retrieved 19 November 2011.

Jump up ^ Arsenal's A to Z... L is for Ljungberg | Arsenal.com Archived 15 October 2012 at the Wayback Machine.

Jump up ^ "More Gaffer football trivia answers". Orange. 10 November 2009. Archived from the original on 30 September 2011. Retrieved 28 March 2014.

^ Jump up to: a b "Away penalties at Old Trafford", Sean Ingle, Barry Glendenning and Matt Cunningham, The Guardian, 26 June 2003

^ Jump up to: a b "Football League Records: Disciplinary" Archived 7 December 2006 at the Wayback Machine., The Football League, accessed 4 December 2007

Jump up ^ "Tallest Footballers ever", The Guardian, accessed 10 June 2010

Jump up ^ "Lock, Stock and Three Smoking Seconds!", Bobby F.C., accessed 16 December 2017

Jump up ^ "Peter Shilton: Biography". Archived from the original on 17 May 2007. Retrieved 8 April 2007. Throughout his amazing 30-year career he played for 11 English league clubs through which he accumulated a record 1005 League appearances.

Jump up ^ "Barnsley schoolboy makes history". BBC Sport. 1 October 2008. Retrieved 1 October 2008.

Jump up ^ GGM 38: Ted Drake scores seven in one game | News Archive | News | Arsenal.com

Jump up ^ Hodgson, Guy; Searl, Liz (8 December 1995). "Football's fastest goal claimed". The Independent. London.

Jump up ^ "Fastest football (soccer) goal in the Premier League by a substitute". Retrieved 2016-07-22.

^ Jump up to: a b c Dave Halliday, Queens Legends. www.qosfc.com

^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 26 September 2016. Retrieved 4 October 2016.

Jump up ^ Barber, David (3 February 2010). "Fastest Cup hat-trick". The FA. Retrieved 4 February 2010.

Jump up ^ "FA Cup Heroes". The Football Association. Archived from the original on 25 April 2012. Retrieved 10 July 2013.

Jump up ^ 20 November – Mac o' Nine Tales[permanent dead link], On This Football Day.

Jump up ^ "Gills' Freeman makes Cup history". BBC Sport. 12 November 2007. Retrieved 15 January 2009.

Jump up ^ "Teenager breaks FA Cup record on his debut". Loughborough Echo. 10 September 2011. Archived from the original on 2 April 2012. Retrieved 10 September 2011.

Jump up ^ "Bradford City penalty shoot-out record following history-making victory over Arsenal". London: Telegraph Media Group Limited. 12 December 2012. Retrieved 29 May 2013.

Jump up ^ http://www.chesterchronicle.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/chester-fc-concede-quickest-penalty-12317985

Jump up ^ Ross, James (1 Sep 2016). "England - List of Champions". www.rsssf.com. Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation. Retrieved 15 March 2017.

Jump up ^ Ross, James (26 May 2016). "England FA Challenge Cup Finals". www.rsssf.com. Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation. Retrieved 15 March 2017.

Jump up ^ Ross, James (2 March 2017). "England - Football League Cup Finals". www.rsssf.com. Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation. Archived from the original on 29 March 2016. Retrieved 15 March 2017.

^ Jump up to: a b Ross, James (18 August 2016). "England - List of FA Charity/Community Shield Matches". www.rsssf.com. Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation. Retrieved 15 March 2017.

Jump up ^ Stokkermans, Karel (8 September 2016). "European Champions' Cup Matches". www.rsssf.com. Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation. Retrieved 15 March 2017.

Jump up ^ Stokkermans, Karel (8 September 2016). "UEFA Cup". www.rsssf.com. Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation. Retrieved 15 March 2017.

Jump up ^ Stokkermans, Karel (18 August 2016). "European Super Cup". www.rsssf.com. Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation. Retrieved 15 March 2017.

Jump up ^ Leme de Arruda, Marcelo; Di Maggio, Roberto (12 January 2017). "FIFA Club World Cup". www.rsssf.com. Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation. Retrieved 15 March 2017.

Jump up ^ "Football League Full Members' Cup Summary". www.fchd.info. Football Club History Database. Archived from the original on 5 July 2017. Retrieved 27 August 2017.

Jump up ^ "How Arsenal won the Centenary Trophy, the least celebrated title in their history". The Guardian. Retrieved 14 April 2018.

Jump up ^ Stokkermans, Karel (26 January 2000). "European Cup Winners' Cup". www.rsssf.com. Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation. Retrieved 15 March 2017.

Jump up ^ Stokkermans, Karel (26 January 2000). "Fairs' Cup". www.rsssf.com. Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation. Retrieved 15 March 2017.

Jump up ^ "LMA's Longest Serving Managers – Historical". League Manager's Association. Archived from the original on 6 January 2012. Retrieved 9 December 2011.

Jump up ^ Leroy Rosenior lost his job at Torquay just 10 minutes after being introduced as the Devon club's new manager. The then Chairman Mike Bateson called him to say he had just sold the club to a group led by Colin Lee, who reinstated himself as director of football only a matter of days after being made redundant by the club.

^ Jump up to: a b "UNITED under Sir Alex FERGUSON". StretfordEnd.co.uk. Retrieved 8 August 2010.

tag: ol


document_title: Social justice

question_text: where does the term social justice come from

text: Social justice

text: History[edit]

text: The different concepts of justice, as discussed in ancient Western philosophy, were typically centered upon the community.

text:
Plato

Plato wrote in The Republic that it would be an ideal state that "every member of the community must be assigned to the class for which he finds himself best fitted."[19] In an article for J.N.V University, author D.R. Bhandari says, "Justice is, for Plato, at once a part of human virtue and the bond, which joins man together in society. It is the identical quality that makes good and social. Justice is an order and duty of the parts of the soul, it is to the soul as health is to the body. Plato says that justice is not mere strength, but it is a harmonious strength. Justice is not the right of the stronger but the effective harmony of the whole. All moral conceptions revolve about the good of the whole-individual as well as social".[20]

Aristotle

Aristotle believed rights existed only between free people, and the law should take "account in the first instance of relations of inequality in which individuals are treated in proportion to their worth and only secondarily of relations of equality." Reflecting this time when slavery and subjugation of women was typical, ancient views of justice tended to reflect the rigid class systems that still prevailed. On the other hand, for the privileged groups, strong concepts of fairness and the community existed. Distributive justice was said by Aristotle to require that people were distributed goods and assets according to their merit.[21]

Socrates

Socrates (through Plato's dialogue Crito) is attributed with developing the idea of a social contract, whereby people ought to follow the rules of a society, and accept its burdens because they have accepted its benefits.[22] During the Middle Ages, religious scholars particularly, such as Thomas Aquinas continued discussion of justice in various ways, but ultimately connected being a good citizen to the purpose of serving God.

text: After the Renaissance and Reformation, the modern concept of social justice, as developing human potential, began to emerge through the work of a series of authors. Baruch Spinoza in On the Improvement of the Understanding (1677) contended that the one true aim of life should be to acquire "a human character much more stable than [one's] own", and to achieve this "pitch of perfection... The chief good is that he should arrive, together with other individuals if possible, at the possession of the aforesaid character."[23] During the enlightenment and responding to the French and American Revolutions, Thomas Paine similarly wrote in The Rights of Man (1792) society should give "genius a fair and universal chance" and so "the construction of government ought to be such as to bring forward... all that extent of capacity which never fails to appear in revolutions."[24]

text: The first modern usage of the specific term "social justice" is typically attributed to Catholic thinkers from the 1840s, including the Jesuit Luigi Taparelli in Civiltà Cattolica, based on the work of St. Thomas Aquinas. He argued that rival capitalist and socialist theories, based on subjective Cartesian thinking, undermined the unity of society present in Thomistic metaphysics as neither were sufficiently concerned with moral philosophy. Writing in 1861, the influential British philosopher and economist, John Stuart Mill stated in Utilitarianism his view that "Society should treat all equally well who have deserved equally well of it, that is, who have deserved equally well absolutely. This is the highest abstract standard of social and distributive justice; towards which all institutions, and the efforts of all virtuous citizens, should be made in the utmost degree to converge."[25]

text: In the later 19th and early 20th century, social justice became an important theme in American political and legal philosophy, particularly in the work of John Dewey, Roscoe Pound and Louis Brandeis. One of the prime concerns was the Lochner era decisions of the US Supreme Court to strike down legislation passed by state governments and the Federal government for social and economic improvement, such as the eight-hour day or the right to join a trade union. After the First World War, the founding document of the International Labour Organization took up the same terminology in its preamble, stating that "peace can be established only if it is based on social justice". From this point, the discussion of social justice entered into mainstream legal and academic discourse. In the late 20th century, a number of liberal and conservative thinkers, notably Friedrich von Hayek rejected the concept by stating that it did not mean anything, or meant too many things.[26] However the concept remained highly influential, particularly with its promotion by philosophers such as John Rawls.

text: Contemporary theory[edit]

text: Philosophical perspectives[edit]

text: Cosmic values[edit]

text: Hunter Lewis' work promoting natural healthcare and sustainable economies advocates for conservation as a key premise in social justice. His manifesto on sustainability ties the continued thriving of human life to real conditions, the environment supporting that life, and associates injustice with the detrimental effects of unintended consequences of human actions. Quoting classical Greek thinkers like Epicurus on the good of pursuing happiness, Hunter also cites ornithologist, naturalist, and philosopher Alexander Skutch in his book Moral Foundations:

text: The common feature which unites the activities most consistently forbidden by the moral codes of civilized peoples is that by their very nature they cannot be both habitual and enduring, because they tend to destroy the conditions which make them possible.[27]

text: Pope Benedict XVI cites Teilhard de Chardin in a vision of the cosmos as a 'living host'[28] embracing an understanding of ecology that includes humanity's relationship to others, that pollution affects not just the natural world but interpersonal relations as well. Cosmic harmony, justice and peace are closely interrelated:

text: If you want to cultivate peace, protect creation.[29]

text: John Rawls[edit]

text: Political philosopher John Rawls draws on the utilitarian insights of Bentham and Mill, the social contract ideas of John Locke, and the categorical imperative ideas of Kant. His first statement of principle was made in A Theory of Justice where he proposed that, "Each person possesses an inviolability founded on justice that even the welfare of society as a whole cannot override. For this reason justice denies that the loss of freedom for some is made right by a greater good shared by others."[30] A deontological proposition that echoes Kant in framing the moral good of justice in absolutist terms. His views are definitively restated in Political Liberalism where society is seen "as a fair system of co-operation over time, from one generation to the next".[31]

text: All societies have a basic structure of social, economic, and political institutions, both formal and informal. In testing how well these elements fit and work together, Rawls based a key test of legitimacy on the theories of social contract. To determine whether any particular system of collectively enforced social arrangements is legitimate, he argued that one must look for agreement by the people who are subject to it, but not necessarily to an objective notion of justice based on coherent ideological grounding. Obviously, not every citizen can be asked to participate in a poll to determine his or her consent to every proposal in which some degree of coercion is involved, so one has to assume that all citizens are reasonable. Rawls constructed an argument for a two-stage process to determine a citizen's hypothetical agreement:

text:
The citizen agrees to be represented by X for certain purposes, and, to that extent, X holds these powers as a trustee for the citizen.
X agrees that enforcement in a particular social context is legitimate. The citizen, therefore, is bound by this decision because it is the function of the trustee to represent the citizen in this way.

text: This applies to one person who represents a small group (e.g., the organiser of a social event setting a dress code) as equally as it does to national governments, which are ultimate trustees, holding representative powers for the benefit of all citizens within their territorial boundaries. Governments that fail to provide for welfare of their citizens according to the principles of justice are not legitimate. To emphasise the general principle that justice should rise from the people and not be dictated by the law-making powers of governments, Rawls asserted that, "There is ... a general presumption against imposing legal and other restrictions on conduct without sufficient reason. But this presumption creates no special priority for any particular liberty."[32] This is support for an unranked set of liberties that reasonable citizens in all states should respect and uphold — to some extent, the list proposed by Rawls matches the normative human rights that have international recognition and direct enforcement in some nation states where the citizens need encouragement to act in a way that fixes a greater degree of equality of outcome. According to Rawls, the basic liberties that every good society should guarantee are:

text:
Freedom of thought;
Liberty of conscience as it affects social relationships on the grounds of religion, philosophy, and morality;
Political liberties (e.g., representative democratic institutions, freedom of speech and the press, and freedom of assembly);
Freedom of association;
Freedoms necessary for the liberty and integrity of the person (namely: freedom from slavery, freedom of movement and a reasonable degree of freedom to choose one's occupation); and
Rights and liberties covered by the rule of law.

text: Thomas Pogge[edit]

text: Thomas Pogge's arguments pertain to a standard of social justice that creates human rights deficits. He assigns responsibility to those who actively cooperate in designing or imposing the social institution, that the order is foreseeable as harming the global poor and is reasonably avoidable. Pogge argues that social institutions have a negative duty to not harm the poor.[33][34]

text: Pogge speaks of "institutional cosmopolitanism" and assigns responsibility to institutional schemes[35] for deficits of human rights. An example given is slavery and third parties. A third party should not recognize or enforce slavery. The institutional order should be held responsible only for deprivations of human rights that it establishes or authorizes. The current institutional design, he says, systematically harms developing economies by enabling corporate tax evasion,[36] illicit financial flows, corruption, trafficking of people and weapons. Joshua Cohen disputes his claims based on the fact that some poor countries have done well with the current institutional design.[37] Elizabeth Kahn argues that some of these responsibilities[vague] should apply globally.[38]

text: United Nations[edit]

text: The United Nations’ 2006 document Social Justice in an Open World: The Role of the United Nations, states that "Social justice may be broadly understood as the fair and compassionate distribution of the fruits of economic growth..."[39]:16

text: The term "social justice" was seen by the U.N. "as a substitute for the protection of human rights [and] first appeared in United Nations texts during the second half of the 1960s. At the initiative of the Soviet Union, and with the support of developing countries, the term was used in the Declaration on Social Progress and Development, adopted in 1969."[39]:52

text: The same document reports, "From the comprehensive global perspective shaped by the United Nations Charter and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, neglect of the pursuit of social justice in all its dimensions translates into de facto acceptance of a future marred by violence, repression and chaos."[39]:6 The report concludes, "Social justice is not possible without strong and coherent redistributive policies conceived and implemented by public agencies."[39]:16

text: The same UN document offers a concise history: "[T]he notion of social justice is relatively new. None of history’s great philosophers—not Plato or Aristotle, or Confucius or Averroes, or even Rousseau or Kant—saw the need to consider justice or the redress of injustices from a social perspective. The concept first surfaced in Western thought and political language in the wake of the industrial revolution and the parallel development of the socialist doctrine. It emerged as an expression of protest against what was perceived as the capitalist exploitation of labour and as a focal point for the development of measures to improve the human condition. It was born as a revolutionary slogan embodying the ideals of progress and fraternity. Following the revolutions that shook Europe in the mid-1800s, social justice became a rallying cry for progressive thinkers and political activists.... By the mid-twentieth century, the concept of social justice had become central to the ideologies and programmes of virtually all the leftist and centrist political parties around the world..."[39]:11–12

text: Religious perspectives[edit]

text: Hinduism[edit]

text: The present-day Jāti hierarchy is undergoing changes for a variety of reasons including 'social justice', which is a politically popular stance in democratic India. Institutionalized affirmative action has promoted this. The disparity and wide inequalities in social behaviour of the jātis – exclusive, endogamous communities centred on traditional occupations – has led to various reform movements in Hinduism. While legally outlawed, the caste system remains strong in practice.[40]

text: Islam[edit]

text: The Quran contains numerous references to elements of social justice. For example, one of Islam's Five Pillars is Zakāt, or alms-giving. Charity and assistance to the poor – concepts central to social justice – are and have historically been important parts of the Islamic faith.

text: In Muslim history, Islamic governance has often been associated with social justice. Establishment of social justice was one of the motivating factors of the Abbasid revolt against the Umayyads.[41] The Shi'a believe that the return of the Mahdi will herald in "the messianic age of justice" and the Mahdi along with the Isa (Jesus) will end plunder, torture, oppression and discrimination.[42]

text: For the Muslim Brotherhood the implementation of social justice would require the rejection of consumerism and communism. The Brotherhood strongly affirmed the right to private property as well as differences in personal wealth due to factors such as hard work. However, the Brotherhood held Muslims had an obligation to assist those Muslims in need. It held that zakat (alms-giving) was not voluntary charity, but rather the poor had the right to assistance from the more fortunate.[43] Most Islamic governments therefore enforce the zakat through taxes.

text: Though monetary donations are the most practiced way of zakat, Islam is deeply rooted in the tenets of volunteerism and social activism. Areas of one's communities which require assistance and beneficiaries must be a Muslim's foci if need be, rather than strictly her or his personal or superficial wants. For example, the ecological well-being of the planet (i.e.: animal rights, global warming, natural resources degradation); locally, nationally, globally, is a campaign to which every Muslim must adhere. Many Muslims practice this today by ensuring that they produce minimal waste, give to charity what they no longer need, and spend time in prayer and meditation upon the bounties of nature so as to more mindfully approach all that is provided by nature, and ultimately, Allah.[44] Other areas of society in need may be the safety and security of minority populations, i.e.: women or persons of color, children, the elderly, the developmentally or physically disabled, animals, et al.[44]

text: Judaism[edit]

text: In To Heal a Fractured World: The Ethics of Responsibility, Rabbi Jonathan Sacks states that social justice has a central place in Judaism. One of Judaism’s most distinctive and challenging ideas is its ethics of responsibility reflected in the concepts of simcha ("gladness" or "joy"), tzedakah ("the religious obligation to perform charity and philanthropic acts"), chesed ("deeds of kindness"), and tikkun olam ("repairing the world").[citation needed]

text: Christianity[edit]

text: Methodism[edit]

text: From its founding, Methodism was a Christian social justice movement. Under John Wesley's direction, Methodists became leaders in many social justice issues of the day, including the prison reform and abolition movements. Wesley himself was among the first to preach for slaves rights attracting significant opposition.[45][46][47]

text: Today, social justice plays a major role in the United Methodist Church. The Book of Discipline of the United Methodist Church says, "We hold governments responsible for the protection of the rights of the people to free and fair elections and to the freedoms of speech, religion, assembly, communications media, and petition for redress of grievances without fear of reprisal; to the right to privacy; and to the guarantee of the rights to adequate food, clothing, shelter, education, and health care."[48] The United Methodist Church also teaches population control as part of its doctrine.[49]

text: Catholicism[edit]

text: Catholic social teaching consists of those aspects of Roman Catholic doctrine which relate to matters dealing with the respect of the individual human life. A distinctive feature of Catholic social doctrine is its concern for the poorest and most vulnerable members of society. Two of the seven key areas[50] of "Catholic social teaching" are pertinent to social justice:

text:
Life and dignity of the human person: The foundational principle of all "Catholic Social Teaching" is the sanctity of all human life and the inherent dignity of every human person, from conception to natural death. Human life must be valued above all material possessions.
Preferential option for the poor and vulnerable: Catholics believe Jesus taught that on the Day of Judgement God will ask what each person did to help the poor and needy: "Amen, I say to you, whatever you did for one of these least brothers of mine, you did for me."[51] The Catholic Church believes that through words, prayers and deeds one must show solidarity with, and compassion for, the poor. The moral test of any society is "how it treats its most vulnerable members. The poor have the most urgent moral claim on the conscience of the nation. People are called to look at public policy decisions in terms of how they affect the poor."[52]

text: Even before it was propounded in the Catholic social doctrine, social justice appeared regularly in the history of the Catholic Church:

text:
Pope Leo XIII, who studied under Taparelli, published in 1891 the encyclical Rerum novarum (On the Condition of the Working Classes; lit. "On new things"), rejecting both socialism and capitalism, while defending labor unions and private property. He stated that society should be based on cooperation and not class conflict and competition. In this document, Leo set out the Catholic Church's response to the social instability and labor conflict that had arisen in the wake of industrialization and had led to the rise of socialism. The Pope advocated that the role of the State was to promote social justice through the protection of rights, while the Church must speak out on social issues in order to teach correct social principles and ensure class harmony.
The encyclical Quadragesimo anno (On Reconstruction of the Social Order, literally "in the fortieth year") of 1931 by Pope Pius XI, encourages a living wage,[53] subsidiarity, and advocates that social justice is a personal virtue as well as an attribute of the social order, saying that society can be just only if individuals and institutions are just.
Pope John Paul II added much to the corpus of the Catholic social teaching, penning three encyclicals which focus on issues such as economics, politics, geo-political situations, ownership of the means of production, private property and the "social mortgage", and private property. The encyclicals Laborem exercens, Sollicitudo rei socialis, and Centesimus annus are just a small portion of his overall contribution to Catholic social justice. Pope John Paul II was a strong advocate of justice and human rights, and spoke forcefully for the poor. He addresses issues such as the problems that technology can present should it be misused, and admits a fear that the "progress" of the world is not true progress at all, if it should denigrate the value of the human person. He argued in Centesimus annus that private property, markets, and honest labor were the keys to alleviating the miseries of the poor and to enabling a life that can express the fullness of the human person.
Pope Benedict XVI's encyclical Deus caritas est ("God is Love") of 2006 claims that justice is the defining concern of the state and the central concern of politics, and not of the church, which has charity as its central social concern. It said that the laity has the specific responsibility of pursuing social justice in civil society and that the church's active role in social justice should be to inform the debate, using reason and natural law, and also by providing moral and spiritual formation for those involved in politics.
The official Catholic doctrine on social justice can be found in the book Compendium of the Social Doctrine of the Church, published in 2004 and updated in 2006, by the Pontifical Council Iustitia et Pax.

text: The Catechism (§ 1928–1948) contain more detail of the Church's view of social justice.[54]

text: Criticism[edit]

text: Many authors criticize the idea that there exists an objective standard of social justice. Moral relativists deny that there is any kind of objective standard for justice in general. Non-cognitivists, moral skeptics, moral nihilists, and most logical positivists deny the epistemic possibility of objective notions of justice. Political realists believe that any ideal of social justice is ultimately a mere justification for the status quo.[citation needed]

text: Many other people accept some of the basic principles of social justice, such as the idea that all human beings have a basic level of value, but disagree with the elaborate conclusions that may or may not follow from this. One example is the statement by H. G. Wells that all people are "equally entitled to the respect of their fellowmen."[55]

text: On the other hand, some scholars reject the very idea of social justice as meaningless, religious, self-contradictory, and ideological, believing that to realize any degree of social justice is unfeasible, and that the attempt to do so must destroy all liberty. Perhaps the most complete rejection of the concept of social justice comes from Friedrich Hayek of the Austrian School of economics:

text: There can be no test by which we can discover what is 'socially unjust' because there is no subject by which such an injustice can be committed, and there are no rules of individual conduct the observance of which in the market order would secure to the individuals and groups the position which as such (as distinguished from the procedure by which it is determined) would appear just to us. [Social justice] does not belong to the category of error but to that of nonsense, like the term 'a moral stone'.[56]

text: Ben O'Neill of the University of New South Wales argues that, for proponents of "social justice":[57]

text: the notion of "rights" is a mere term of entitlement, indicative of a claim for any possible desirable good, no matter how important or trivial, abstract or tangible, recent or ancient. It is merely an assertion of desire, and a declaration of intention to use the language of rights to acquire said desire.

text: In fact, since the program of social justice inevitably involves claims for government provision of goods, paid for through the efforts of others, the term actually refers to an intention to use force to acquire one's desires. Not to earn desirable goods by rational thought and action, production and voluntary exchange, but to go in there and forcibly take goods from those who can supply them!

text: Janusz Korwin-Mikke states, "Either 'social justice' has the same meaning as 'justice' – or not. If so – why use the additional word 'social?' We lose time, we destroy trees to obtain paper necessary to print this word. If not, if 'social justice' means something different from 'justice' – then 'something different from justice' is by definition 'injustice.'"[58]

text: Sociologist Carl L. Bankston has argued that a secular, leftist view of social justice entails viewing the redistribution of goods and resources as based on the rights of disadvantaged categories of people, rather than on compassion or national interest. Bankston maintains that this secular version of social justice became widely accepted due to the rise of demand-side economics and to the moral influence of the civil rights movement.[59]

text: Social justice movements[edit]

text:
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text: Social justice is also a concept that is used to describe the movement towards a socially just world, e.g., the Global Justice Movement. In this context, social justice is based on the concepts of human rights and equality, and can be defined as "the way in which human rights are manifested in the everyday lives of people at every level of society".[60]

text: A number of movements are working to achieve social justice in society. These movements are working towards the realization of a world where all members of a society, regardless of background or procedural justice, have basic human rights and equal access to the benefits of their society.[61]

text: Liberation theology[edit]

text: Liberation theology[62] is a movement in Christian theology which conveys the teachings of Jesus Christ in terms of a liberation from unjust economic, political, or social conditions. It has been described by proponents as "an interpretation of Christian faith through the poor's suffering, their struggle and hope, and a critique of society and the Catholic faith and Christianity through the eyes of the poor",[63] and by detractors as Christianity perverted by Marxism and Communism.[64]

text: Although liberation theology has grown into an international and inter-denominational movement, it began as a movement within the Catholic Church in Latin America in the 1950s–1960s. It arose principally as a moral reaction to the poverty caused by social injustice in that region.[65] It achieved prominence in the 1970s and 1980s. The term was coined by the Peruvian priest, Gustavo Gutiérrez, who wrote one of the movement's most famous books, A Theology of Liberation (1971). According to Sarah Kleeb, "Marx would surely take issue," she writes, "with the appropriation of his works in a religious context...there is no way to reconcile Marx's views of religion with those of Gutierrez, they are simply incompatible. Despite this, in terms of their understanding of the necessity of a just and righteous world, and the nearly inevitable obstructions along such a path, the two have much in common; and, particularly in the first edition of [A Theology of Liberation], the use of Marxian theory is quite evident."[66]

text: Other noted exponents are Leonardo Boff of Brazil, Carlos Mugica of Argentina, Jon Sobrino of El Salvador, and Juan Luis Segundo of Uruguay.[67][68]

text: Health care[edit]

text: Social justice has more recently made its way into the field of bioethics. Discussion involves topics such as affordable access to health care, especially for low income households and families. The discussion also raises questions such as whether society should bear healthcare costs for low income families, and whether the global marketplace is the best way to distribute healthcare. Ruth Faden of the Johns Hopkins Berman Institute of Bioethics and Madison Powers of Georgetown University focus their analysis of social justice on which inequalities matter the most. They develop a social justice theory that answers some of these questions in concrete settings.

text: Social injustices occur when there is a preventable difference in health states among a population of people. These social injustices take the form of health inequities when negative health states such as malnourishment, and infectious diseases are more prevalent in impoverished nations.[69] These negative health states can often be prevented by providing social and economic structures such as primary healthcare which ensures the general population has equal access to health care services regardless of income level, gender, education or any other stratifying factors. Integrating social justice with health inherently reflects the social determinants of health model without discounting the role of the bio-medical model.[70]

text: Human rights education[edit]

text: The Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action affirm that "Human rights education should include peace, democracy, development and social justice, as set forth in international and regional human rights instruments, in order to achieve common understanding and awareness with a view to strengthening universal commitment to human rights."[71]


document_title: Hunter King (Home and Away)

question_text: who plays hunter's grandmother on home and away

question_tokens: who plays hunter 's grandmother on home and away

text: Hunter King (Home and Away)

text: Casting[edit]

text: Scott Lee's casting was revealed when he appeared alongside the Home and Away cast at the Logie Awards in May 2015.[1] He had been filming with the show for around three months prior to his appearance.[2] Two months later, Lee's casting as Hunter was officially announced.[3] Lee told his agent that he did not think he would win the role, as he believed that he had performed badly in his audition. He later received a callback and started filming the following week.[4] Actor Reece Milne also auditioned for the role of Hunter, before he was cast as Tank Snelgrove a month later.[5] The role marks Lee's television acting debut.[6] Lee commented that joining the cast was "very exciting",[3] and he told Kaylee Martin of The West Australian: "It's Home and Away, you grow up watching it and I just thought 'if I'd ever get on that show, it would be so out of this world'. It was really bizarre and strange walking past Ray Meagher and all the people who have been on there that you grow up watching, I'm over the moon."[6] Lee made his first appearance as Hunter during the episode broadcast on 27 July 2015.[6]

text: Development[edit]

text: Characterisation[edit]

text: Ahead of his first appearance, Lee described Hunter as being "angsty, brooding and moody".[3] Lee told Stephen Downie of TV Week that Hunter's actions stem from his desire to have a family and be loved by them.[2] His grandfather's death left him without a "solid" male role model in his life, and Lee thought Hunter was "searching for support."[2] Lee also thought Hunter was misunderstood, saying "he may seem very disrespectful, but at the end of the day he is a hurt soul..."[7] The actor also said Hunter had "a bit of a temper" and that his issue stem from his tough upbringing.[8] Lee found Hunter's "bad guy" persona fun to play, as he was nothing like that in real life. He explained, "Hunter is very misunderstood and treads on people's toes in a big way, when you get the chance to do something different that's away from yourself it's really cool."[6]

text: Lee also enjoyed exploring the similarities between himself and his character, especially with Hunter's background being quite different to his own.[8] As he settled into the Bay, Hunter's attitude started to change. Lee explained that Hunter realised that he cannot continue to act in the same manner, as he was pushing those around him away.[9] Since Hunter just wanted to be loved and have a good life, he knew that he had to change what he was doing to make that happen.[9] Lee told Kerry Harvey of Stuff.co.nz that Hunter's emotions often took over and he forgot to stop and look at what he had. He also advised his character to stop being "so aggressive" and relax.[8]

text: Introduction[edit]

text: Lee told Peter Way of the Macarthur Chronicle Wollondilly that Hunter's arrival would cause trouble between some of the established couples within the show.[3] After following his mother, Charlotte King (Erika Heynatz), to Summer Bay,[7] Hunter burns down Leah Patterson-Baker's (Ada Nicodemou) house and assaults Josh Barrett (Jackson Gallagher) after breaking into Summer Bay House.[8] Hunter then asks to meet his father Zac MacGuire (Charlie Clausen), who resides in the town. Hunter later shows up to a community fundraising banquet for Zac and his fiancée Leah, and he reveals that he is Zac's son.[7] Lee explained that Hunter had begun to feel invisible and was no longer able to stand by and watch Zac with his "other family". He also said Hunter was often impulsive and did not think about the consequences of his actions.[7] Zac is shocked by Hunter's revelation and demands answers from Charlotte, who confirms that Hunter is telling the truth. As Zac struggles to understand why Charlotte kept Hunter a secret from him, he ends up rejecting his son.[7] Lee called Zac's bad reaction "a massive slap in the face" for Hunter, and added, "he's waited his whole life to meet his father – he just wants to be a normal kid with a loving family."[7]

text: Hunter's presence causes strain in Zac and Leah's relationship, as he makes it clear to Leah that he wants his father all to himself.[10] Nicodemou explained that Leah does not trust Hunter and although she feels that she should be more accepting, she is uncomfortable around him. Leah also believes that Hunter is trying to get between her and Zac.[10] After voicing her concerns to Zac, he refuses to believe his son is deliberately causing trouble for them. However, Hunter soon "makes a spectacle" by pretending to drown in the sea, leading Zac to miss a meeting with Leah.[10] Nicodemou commented, "After Leah hears that Hunter didn't want to go to hospital, she thinks it was just a plot to get his mum and dad back together. Of course Zac is very upset when she suggests this – she's accused Hunter of things before, and Zac feels she should trust him by now."[10] Leah comes to realise that Zac may be forced to choose between her and Hunter in the future, so she decides to end their engagement, believing that it the best thing for her family.[10] Hunter eventually starts to see Zac and Leah as his second family instead of something that he has to break up.[9]

text: Kidnap and Charlotte's murder[edit]

text: In November 2015, Hunter was involved in his mother's blackmail storyline. Charlotte was being threatened by Trystan Powell (Ben Mingay), who wanted her to find evidence that Darryl Braxton (Steve Peacocke) was still alive. When Charlotte fails to find out any information, Trystan has Hunter kidnapped.[11] Lee told Stephen Downie of TV Week that Hunter goes out to clear his head when he is grabbed by two men. He knows something weird is going on with his mother, and thinks that this has something to do with it.[11] Hunter is dragged into a waiting car and drugged. His stepbrother VJ Patterson (Matt Little) witnesses everything and tries to chase the car, but it pulls away. VJ then alerts Zac and Leah to Hunter's kidnapping and they contact the police.[11] Meanwhile, Hunter wakes up alone in the bush and suffering with the effects of the chloroform used to knock him out. Lee explained, "He is disorientated, confused, and he doesn't know where he is. Waking up in the middle of the bush is a terrifying thing to happen to someone."[11] Hunter manages to stumble through the bush until he is within sight of the road, and when he thinks he hears a car approaching he tries to walk towards the sound. But still suffering from being drugged, Hunter collapses.[11] Downie noted that things did not look good for Hunter, as he needed medical attention and was at risk of exposure after spending a night in the bush.[11] Constable Kat Chapman (Pia Miller) eventually finds Hunter.[12]

text: After Charlotte dies from being shot by a mystery assailant, a whodunnit storyline began and Hunter was named as one of ten suspects.[13] When Kat comes to Summer Bay House with news of Charlotte's death, Hunter is not there as he has briefly left town. When he returns home, he learns of his mother's death and "shuts down and goes numb".[13] Lee continued, "In time these feelings that he's suppressed will comes out, but I think his first stage of grieving is to not deal with it – it's too much to handle."[13] The actor pointed out that Hunter did love Charlotte, explaining that she was his only parent for a large part of his life and while they had some "challenging times" before her death, she was still his mother.[13] Producers introduced Detective Dylan Carter (Jeremy Lindsay Taylor) for the plot, and he immediately begins questioning anyone who had a reason to want Charlotte dead. Hunter is at the top of his list, and Carter thinks that Hunter is capable of killing his mother.[13] Lee thought that there were plenty of things linking Hunter to Charlotte's murder, as they had "a close but turbulent relationship".[13] Zac and Leah also suspect that Hunter could be responsible, having witnessed him losing his temper with Charlotte at their wedding. When asked by Sarah Ellis of Inside Soap if his character was a killer, Lee replied that Hunter easily loses control and was capable of doing some "extreme stuff without thinking of the consequences".[13] He added that many viewers thought that Hunter was guilty and joked that his feelings were hurt by the speculation.[13]

text: After Hunter learns Andy Barrett (Tai Hara) has confessed to murdering Charlotte, he plans to get revenge. Lee quipped, "Nothing is going to stop him."[14] Hunter goes to the police station and demands to speak with Andy, but his request is refused. Downie (TV Week) observed that Hunter was a "ticking time bomb", while Lee said that his character suppressed his emotions in the wake of his mother's death. He also feels guilty that many of the bad things she did – such as killing his cousin Denny Miller (Jessica Grace Smith) – were done to protect him.[14] Struggling to control his emotions, Hunter waits outside the station. When he sees Andy being led from his cell, Hunter grabs a pair of scissors and stabs him.[14]

text: Relationship with Olivia Fraser Richards[edit]

text:
"Hunter and Olivia have both been through a lot and they comfort each other. They're both quite lonely. I think you'd naturally gravitate towards someone like that if you've been through what they have."[15]

—Lee on Hunter and Olivia's relationship.

tag: div

text: Lee hoped Hunter would get a love interest at some point during his tenure, commenting "everyone wants a girlfriend!"[2] In August 2015, Daniel Van Boom of the Daily Mail Australia published photos showing Lee filming a romantic moment between his character and Olivia Fraser Richards played by Raechelle Banno.[16] Hunter befriends Olivia following her return to the Bay two months later.[17] While they are spending time together at the beach pool, Olivia asks Hunter not to look at her when she gets out of the water. However, Hunter "can't resist a peek" and is shocked when he notices Olivia's thighs are covered in scars.[17] Hunter realises that Olivia is hiding something, and he later tells VJ about the scars, as he feels that he cannot talk to Olivia about it.[17] VJ, who is competing with Hunter for Olivia's affections, takes the opportunity to tell Olivia that Hunter saw her scars and says he will be there for her.[17] Olivia helps Hunter to deal with his mother's death and bond with his new family.[8] Their relationship is tested by Hunter's failure to plan for the future,[8] and the arrival of Lindsay Ford (Georgia Flood), who wants Hunter for herself.[18]

text: Hunter surprises her with a romantic "high tea" picnic in the bush. Lee called the gesture "a bit cute".[19] He also said that Hunter spends the day "feeling odd", but he does not get it checked out as he is stubborn. During the picnic, Hunter suddenly doubles over in pain and collapses.[19] Unable to get a phone signal, Olivia leaves Hunter to run to the road and flags down the first car she sees, which happens to be Zac's. As Hunter's condition deteriorates, Zac manages to contact Doctor Nate Cooper (Kyle Pryor), who diagnoses Hunter with a tension pneumothorax.[19] Lee told an Inside Soap writer that he was nervous about the scenes. He wanted them to look as accurate as possible, and was offered advice by a nurse on the set.[19] Nate talks Zac through the procedure to ease Hunter's condition, but as Zac makes the incision with a knife, he is momentarily reminded of the attack he suffered in prison. Zac manages to get Hunter breathing again and he is later given the all-clear at the hospital.[20]

text: The "traumatic" experience brings Hunter and Olivia closer together.[20] Banno said Olivia wants a fresh start, and the fact that their relationship is back on track means a lot to her.[18] When Hunter tries to initiate sex, Olivia appears to be thinking about something else. Olivia organises another picnic for them both, but she is unable to tell Hunter what is bothering her and leaves the date early. Olivia then takes a pregnancy test and learns she is pregnant.[20] When Hunter hears the news, his instinct is to flee, but he realises that he needs to face the situation with Olivia. Banno explained, "They're two 16-year-olds dealing with an adult issue. He was there for her and ready to make the decisions they needed to make together."[21] Hunter and Olivia make the decision to have an abortion. Olivia struggles after the procedure and begins self-harming again.[21]

text: Hunter punches Jordan Walsh (Benny Turland) in the face when he gets drunk at a party. The following day, Jordan tells Olivia that she deserves better, and she considers his advice, as Hunter's actions have really affected their relationship.[22] Olivia attempts to reconcile with Hunter, but when she tells him what Jordan said, Hunter breaks up with her in a "jealous rage". Olivia then accepts that their relationship is over.[22] The couple later reconciled, before breaking up again. Olivia was then paired with newcomer Mason Morgan (Orpheus Pledger).[23] Banno said that Hunter and Olivia hope that they will reunite, but they both have this fear that they might not. The actress stated, "They broke up, not because they don't love each other anymore, but because they seemed a bit toxic around each other."[23] When Hunter receives a job at the Bait Shop, he immediately tells Olivia and asks her to help him celebrate. When he notices a text message on her phone from Mason, they argue and Olivia says that she might be better off with Mason.[23] During an interview with Kerry Harvey of Stuff.co.nz Lee thought Hunter's relationship with Olivia had calmed his character down. He said the couple were "soulmates", who would always love each other, but their relationship had become "a little bit co-dependent".[8]

text: Departure[edit]

text: In the 24 December 2016 – 6 January 2017 edition of TV Week, Lee confirmed that he would be leaving the show at the end of 2017 to pursue his acting career in the United States.[24] Lee stated, "I'm excited. The times I've had has gone so quickly and I've learnt a lot as an actor."[24]

text: Storylines[edit]

text: After spending days following Zac MacGuire and Leah Patterson-Baker around Summer Bay, Hunter breaks into Summer Bay House and rummages through their drawers. Josh Barrett catches him and Hunter knocks him down the stairs. VJ Patterson gives chase and manages to pull Hunter's backpack off of him. Hunter then visits his mother, Charlotte, at her motel room and tells her he is done waiting and wants to meet Zac, his father, now. She realises that he set fire to Zac and Leah's house and sends him away. Upon his return, Hunter finds Zac and reveals that he is his son. VJ confronts Hunter about pushing Josh down the stairs and they fight. Zac and Hunter bond over a shared interest in basketball. Hunter has trouble accepting Leah and VJ as part of his life. He manipulates Zac into spending more time with him, causing a strain on Zac and Leah's relationship. After arguing with them about his behaviour, Hunter breaks into Leah's diner and steals the safe. He accidentally exposes some electrical wiring and knocks over a bucket of water, causing Marilyn Chambers (Emily Symons) to suffer a serious electric shock. Hunter feels guilty, but Charlotte refuses to let him go to the police and instead sends him to stay with his grandmother for a few days.

text: Hunter promises Zac that he will try to be a better son. He soon learns Charlotte has been having sex with Matt Page (Alec Snow), a high school student, and that she has stolen money from his trust fund. He moves out of their apartment and stays with Zac and Leah. Hunter is abducted by Trystan Powell, who wants revenge on Charlotte. He is drugged and left in the bush. Hunter is eventually rescued by Kat Chapman. Hunter begins a relationship with Olivia Fraser Richards. When he learns that Charlotte plans to reveal he was behind the fire at Leah's house and that she killed his cousin, Denny Miller, Hunter leaves the Bay after flagging down passing motorist, Lindsay Ford. On his return, Hunter finds out his mother has died. He finally admits that he caused the fire at Leah's house during Billie Ashford's (Tessa de Josselin) arson trial. He is later accused of his mother's murder. Lindsay tries to break up his relationship when she tells Olivia that she and Hunter kissed. Lindsay takes Alf Stewart's (Ray Meagher) ute and knocks Hunter over when he tries to stop her. He later suffers a collapsed lung during a picnic with Olivia, and Zac performs an emergency procedure to get him breathing properly again.

text: Olivia falls pregnant and she and Hunter decide to have an abortion, as they are not ready to be parents. Hunter and Olivia's relationship is strained and she starts self-harming again. Hunter stabs Andy Barrett after learning he was responsible for Charlotte's death. Hunter is arrested and given community service work. He later learns Andy's brother Josh shot his mother. Hunter befriends Jordan Walsh during his community service and invites him to a party at The Farmhouse. Hunter gets drunk and fights with Jordan, leading to the break up of relationship with Olivia. Olivia's new friend Tabitha Ford (Eliza Scanlen) warns Hunter to stay away from her, before she begins manipulating Olivia. Tabitha frames Hunter when she accesses school records and changes his exam score, resulting in his suspension. Olivia eventually ends her friendship with Tabitha, who seeks revenge. She dresses in a similar style to Olivia, enters Hunter's caravan at night and kisses him in the hope of breaking up his friendship with Olivia. Hunter rescues Olivia when Tabitha poses as Olivia's abuser on social media. Olivia and Hunter reconcile. Hunter becomes stressed about his final exams and his lack of plans for university. He is also tempted to cheat when he is offered the English exam paper.

text: Olivia asks that they take a break from their relationship. Hunter clashes with John Palmer (Shane Withington), when John fails him during his Bronze Medallion exam. Hunter smashes John's walkie talkie after he bumps into him. When a fire breaks out at the caravan park, Hunter is blamed, but John soon realises that he caused the fire and apologises. Hunter later finds John collapsed outside the surf club and he and Olivia call an ambulance. Hunter becomes jealous when Olivia begins dating Mason Morgan. When a bush fire breaks out and heads towards the Summer Grooves music festival, Hunter risks his life to find Olivia and Mason. After escaping the fire, Hunter is injured when he returns to find Olivia, who later turns up safe. The police bring Hunter in for questioning about the recent cases of arson around the town. Hunter fights with Mason, and later suggests to Olivia that they should stay away from each other. After Olivia breaks up with Mason, Hunter helps her out with her university nerves by asking Evelyn to give her a tour of the campus. Hunter and Olivia get back together. After they struggle to find time to see each other, Hunter suggests he and Olivia move in together and she agrees. They eventually find a place, but they are forced to clean it up. After they are burgled, Irene invites them to move in with her. Hunter and Olivia take out VJ to cheer him up, but when he gets drunk and tries to kiss Olivia, Hunter fights with him.

text: Zac falls from the roof of Summer Bay House and Hunter initially blames Leah, as Zac was trying to get her attention. When Zac makes a remark about when his break up with Charlotte occurred, Hunter starts to question his paternity. After learning Zac is planning to leave the Bay, he conducts a DNA test. When Zac says he wants Hunter to come with him, Hunter tries to stop VJ from posting the test, but he is too late. The results arrive and Hunter throws them away, before retrieving them and learning that Zac is not his father. After he tells Zac, he encourages him to leave the Bay. Hunter struggles with the revelation about his paternity and Olivia encourages him to stay in contact with Zac. Alf asks Hunter to help out with an event at the beach, and he clashes with Mason. After he tries to start a fight, Hunter breaks down and tells Mason about Zac. They apologise to each other. Hunter decides to look for his biological father and contacts his grandmother, Peggy King (Caroline Gillmer), who comes to the Bay. He tells her about Zac, but Peggy reacts badly and accuses Hunter of ruining Charlotte's life. Olivia makes things worse when she talks with Peggy, who tells the police about the Diner robbery, leading to Hunter's arrest. He and Olivia have a big argument. Hunter apologises to Irene, Marilyn and Leah, before learning that he will not be charged. Hunter and Peggy reconcile and she suggests that a former neighbour, Wally Burns (Julian Garner), could be his father. Hunter writes to Wally, but the letter is returned to him. However, Wally comes to the Bay and meets with Hunter. He tells him that he cannot be his father, as he is infertile. Hunter asks Wally to take a DNA test, before Wally leaves. He returns a few days later and reveals that a DNA test confirmed that he is Hunter's father. Hunter tries to bond with Wally, but finds that they do not have much in common.

text: Reception[edit]

text: Following Hunter's early appearances, an Inside Soap writer commented, "From what we've seen of Hunter so far, it seems he could be big trouble!"[7] Another writer for the publication called him a "creepy teenager".[10] While Sarah Ellis branded him "volatile".[13] Michael Cregan included the reveal of Hunter's identity in his feature on the top five moments for Tuesday 22 September 2015. Cregan wrote, "At last! The identity of the mysterious stranger lurking around Summer Bay is revealed tonight, and it's worth waiting for. Yes, the hooded stranger is none other than Charlotte's son, Hunter."[25] Lee revealed that when fans met him in real life they appeared to be scared of him due to Hunter's actions.[9] Kerry Harvey of Stuff.com.nz said Hunter "upset locals and fans with his wicked ways."[8] Both Kaylee Martin of The West Australian and Stephen Downie of TV Week branded Hunter a "bad boy".[6][9] Martin also wrote "brooding teenager Hunter will be creating drama and shaking things up".[6] Following Charlotte's death, a reporter for the South Wales Echo noted, "Hunter's world is turned upside down when he finds out about Andy's confession."[26] In November 2015, 58% of TV Week readers voted that they liked Hunter and Olivia as a couple.[27]