document_title: MacBook Pro

question_text: when did the macbook pro 13 retina come out

text: MacBook Pro

text: First generation (Metallic Polycarbonate)[edit]

text: The original 15-inch MacBook Pro was announced on January 10, 2006 by Steve Jobs at the Macworld Conference & Expo.[2] The 17-inch model was unveiled on April 24, 2006.[3] The first design was largely a carryover from the PowerBook G4, but uses Intel Core CPUs instead of PowerPC G4 chips.[4] The 15-inch MacBook Pro weighs the same as the 15-inch aluminum PowerBook G4, but is 0.1 inches (0.25 cm) deeper, 0.4 inches (1.0 cm) wider, and 0.1 inches (0.25 cm) thinner.[5] Other changes from the PowerBook include a built-in iSight webcam and the inclusion of MagSafe, a magnetic power connector designed to detach easily when yanked. These features were later brought over to the MacBook. The optical drive was reduced in size in order to fit into the slimmer MacBook Pro, hence it runs slower than the optical drive in the PowerBook G4 and cannot write to dual layer DVDs.[4][6]

text: Both the original 15- and 17-inch model MacBook Pros come with ExpressCard/34 slots, which replace the PC Card slots found in the PowerBook G4. All first generation 15-inch models have two USB 2.0 ports and one FireWire 400 port,[7] while the 17-inch models have three USB 2.0 ports as well as one FireWire 400 port.[8] When first introduced, the MacBook Pro did not come with FireWire 800 or S-Video ports,[5][7] although FireWire 800 was added in the next 15-inch model revision[9] and is present in every version of the 17-inch design.[8] S-Video capability can be attained through the use of a DVI to S-Video adapter.[5] External displays with up to a 2,560 × 1,600 pixel resolution are supported through a dual-link DVI port.[10] All models include a built-in Gigabit Ethernet port, Bluetooth 2.0, and 802.11a/b/g.[7][8] Later models include support for the draft 2.0 specification of 802.11n[11] and Bluetooth 2.1.

text: Updates[edit]

text: Apple refreshed the entire MacBook Pro line on October 24, 2006 to include Intel Core 2 Duo processors.[9] Memory capacity was doubled for each model, to 1 GB on the low-end 15-inch and 2 GB for the high-end 15- and 17-inch models.[9] FireWire 800 was added to the 15-inch models. Hard drive capacity was increased, although video card options stayed the same.[9] The MacBook Pro line received a second update on June 5, 2007 with new Nvidia Geforce 8600M GT video cards and faster processor options.[12][13] LED backlighting was added to the 15-inch model's screen, and its weight was reduced from 5.6 pounds (2.5 kg) to 5.4 pounds (2.4 kg).[13] Furthermore, the speed of the front-side bus was increased from 667 MHz to 800 MHz. On November 1, 2007, Apple added the option of a 2.6 GHz Santa Rosa platform Core 2 Duo CPU as well as reconfigured hard drive options.[13]

text: On February 26, 2008, the MacBook Pro line was again updated.[14][15] LED backlighting was added as an option for the 17-inch model.[14] Processors were updated to "Penryn" cores, which are built on the 45 nanometer process (65 nanometer "Merom" cores were previously used), and hard drive and memory capacities were increased.[14] Multi-touch capabilities, first introduced with the MacBook Air earlier that year, were brought over to the MacBook Pro's trackpad.[14] When the 15-inch unibody MacBook Pro was introduced on October 14, 2008, the pre-unibody model with the same screen size was discontinued, while the 17-inch pre-unibody model continued to be sold.[16] The original case design was discontinued on January 6, 2009, when the 17-inch MacBook Pro was also updated with unibody construction.[17]

text: Reception[edit]

text: Some reviewers applauded the MacBook Pro for its doubling or tripling the speed of the PowerBook G4 in some areas.[4] For example, the 3D rendering program Cinema 4D XL was 3.3 times as fast (2.3 times faster),[4] and its boot-up time was more than twice as quick.[5] The MacBook Pro generally outperformed the PowerBook G4 in performance analyzer utility tests XBench and Cinebench.[5] Reviewers lauded the screen's maximum brightness, 67 percent higher than the PowerBook G4; the excellent horizontal viewing angles; the matte options; and the bright, crisp, and true colors.[6] Although the screen offered fewer vertical pixels (1,440 × 900 in the MacBook Pro instead of 1,440 × 960 in the PowerBook), one reviewer called the screen "nothing less than stellar".[5] Reviewers praised the new MagSafe power adapter,[4] although one reviewer said it disconnected too easily in some instances.[5] They also praised the backlit keyboard, large trackpad, and the virtually silent operation of the machine.[4][6] The new laptop also offered better wireless performance.

text: One reviewer criticized the decision to underclock the ATI Mobility Radeon X1600 graphics card by about 30 percent its original speed.[6] The notebook was also noted for running hot.[4][6] Users complained that upgrading system memory was harder than in older Apple notebooks.[5] Since the dimensions for the 15-inch MacBook Pro were tweaked slightly from the 15-inch PowerBook G4, older accessories such as notebook sleeves did not work with the new models.[5] Some users noted a slight flickering when the screen was on lower brightness settings.[5] Apple increased the battery capacity by 10 Wh, going from 50 in the PowerBook G4 to 60,[5] but the more powerful Core Duo CPU required more power.[5] Battery life therefore remained about the same as in previous models, at three-plus hours.[5]

text: Technical specifications[edit]

text: Archaic

text:
showTable of first generation MacBook Pro models

Component

Intel Core Duo

Intel Core 2 Duo

Model

Early 2006[7][8][18]

Late 2006[11]

Mid 2007[19]

Late 2007[20]

Early 2008[10]

Late 2008

Release date(s)

January 10, 2006 (15"),[2] April 24, 2006 (17")[3]

October 24, 2006[9]

June 5, 2007[13]

November 1, 2007[21]

February 26, 2008[14]

October 14, 2008[22]

Apple order number(s)

MA463*/A or MA464*/A; MA600* or MA601*; MA092*/A

MA609*, MA610*, or MA611*/A

MA895*, MA896*, or MA897*

MA895*/A, MA896*/A, or MA897*/A

MB133*/A, MB134*/A, or MB166*/A

MB766*/A

Model number(s)

A1150 (15"), A1151 (17")

A1211 (15"), A1212 (17")

A1226 (15"), A1229 (17")

A1260 (15"), A1261 (17")

A1261

Model Identifier(s)

MacBookPro1,1, MacBookPro1,2

MacBookPro2,1, MacBookPro2,2

MacBookPro3,1

MacBookPro4,1

MacBookPro4,1 (re-listed)

Widescreen Display(matte or glossy)[note 1]

15.4", LCD, 1,440 × 900

15.4", LCD, 1,440 × 900, with LED backlighting

N/A

17", LCD, 1,680 × 1,050

17", LCD, 1,680 × 1,050Optional 1,920 × 1,200

17", LCD, 1,680 × 1,050Optional 1,920 × 1,200, with LED backlighting

17", LCD, 1,920 × 1,200, with LED backlighting

Processor

1.83 GHz (T2400), 2.0 GHz (T2500) or 2.16 GHz (T2600) Intel Core Duo Yonah with 2 MB on-chip L2 cache

2.16 GHz (T7400) or 2.33 GHz (T7600) Intel Core 2 Duo Merom with 4 MB on-chip L2 cache

2.2 GHz (T7500) or 2.4 GHz (T7700) Intel Core 2 Duo Merom with 4 MB on-chip L2 cache

2.2 GHz (T7500) or 2.4 GHz (T7700) Intel Core 2 Duo Merom with 4 MB on-chip L2 cacheOptional 2.6 GHz (T7800) with 4 MB on-chip L2 cache

2.4 GHz (T8300) Intel Core 2 Duo Penryn with 3 MB on-chip L2 cache, or 2.5 GHz (T9300) with 6 MB on-chip L2 cacheOptional 2.6 GHz (T9500) with 6 MB on-chip L2 cache

2.5 GHz (T9300) Intel Core 2 Duo Penryn with 6 MB on-chip L2 cacheOptional 2.6 GHz (T9500) with 6 MB on-chip L2 cache

Front-side bus

667 MHz

800 MHz

MemoryTwo slots for PC2-5300 DDR2 SDRAM (667 MHz)

512 MB (two 256 MB) or 1 GB (two 512 MB)Expandable to 2 GB[note 2]

1 GB (two 512 MB) or 2 GB (two 1 GB)Expandable[note 2] to 4 GB, but only 3 GB addressable[23]

2 GB (two 1 GB)Expandable[note 2] to 6 GB[note 3][24]

4 GB (two 2 GB)Expandable[note 2] to 6 GB[note 3][24]

Graphicswith dual-link DVI

ATI Mobility Radeon X1600 with 128 MB or 256 MB of GDDR3 SDRAM

Nvidia Geforce 8600M GT with 128 MB or 256 MB of GDDR3 SDRAM

Nvidia Geforce 8600M GT with 256 MB, or 512 MB of GDDR3 SDRAM

Nvidia Geforce 8600M GT with 512 MB of GDDR3 SDRAM[25]

Hard drive[note 4]

80 GB, 100 GB, or 120 GB serial ATA, 5,400-rpmOptional 100 GB 7,200-rpm or 120 GB 5,400-rpm.

120 GB, 160 GB, or 200 GB serial ATA, 5,400-rpmOptional 100 GB, 7,200-rpm.

120 GB or 160 GB serial ATA, 5,400-rpmOptional 250 GB, 4,200-rpm or 160 GB, 7,200-rpm.

120 GB or 160 GB serial ATA, 5,400-rpmOptional 250 GB, 5,400-rpm or 200 GB, 7,200-rpm.

200 GB or 250 GB serial ATA, 5,400-rpmOptional 200 GB 7,200-rpm or 300 GB 4,200-rpm.

250 GB serial ATA, 5,400-rpmOptional 320 GB, 7,200-rpm or 128 GB SSD.

SATA I (1.5 Gbit/s)

Optical disc drive[note 5]

Combo drive: 8× DVD read, 24× CD-R and 10× CD-RW recording
SuperDrive: 8× DVD-DL discs reads. 4× DVD+/-R & RW recording. 24× CD-R and 10× CD-RW recording (optional for 15-inch)
SuperDrive: 4× DVD+R writes, 8× DVD+/-R read, 4× DVD+/-RW writes, 24× CD-R, and 10× CD-RW recording (17-inch)

SuperDrive: 2.4× DVD+R DL writes, 6× DVD+/-R read, 4× DVD+/-RW writes, 24× CD-R, and 10× CD-RW recording or 4× DVD+R DL writes, 8× DVD+/-R read/write, 4× DVD+/-RW writes, 24× CD-R, and 10× CD-RW recording

SuperDrive: 4× DVD+R DL writes, 8× DVD+/-R read/write, 4× DVD+/-RW writes, 24× CD-R, and 10× CD-RW recording

SuperDrive: 4× DVD+R DL writes, 8× DVD+/-R read/write, 8× DVD+RW writes, 6× DVD-RW writes, 24× CD-R, and 16× CD-RW recording

AirPort Extreme

Integrated 802.11a/b/g (Qualcomm Atheros AR5007 chipset)

Integrated 802.11a/b/g and draft-n (n disabled by default)[note 6][26][27] (Qualcomm Atheros AR5008 chipset)

Integrated 802.11a/b/g and draft-n (n enabled) (Qualcomm Atheros AR5008 or Broadcom BCM4322 chipset, depending on revision)

Peripheral connections

2x USB 2.0 (15") or 3x USB 2.0 (17")

3x USB 2.0

1x FireWire 400 (15") or 1x FireWire 400 and 1x FireWire 800 (17")

1x FireWire 400 and 1x FireWire 800

ExpressCard/34, Gigabit Ethernet, DVI, Audio line in/out

Latest possible operating system

OS X 10.6 "Snow Leopard"

OS X 10.7 "Lion"

OS X 10.11 "El Capitan"(Unofficially, can run macOS 10.12 "Sierra" with Sierra Patcher. Requires additional patching or hardware for Wi-Fi)
OS X 10.11"El Capitan"(Unofficially, can run macOS 10.13 "High Sierra" with High Sierra Patcher. Requires additional patching or hardware for Wi-Fi

Battery (lithium-polymer, removable)

60 Wh (15")

N/A

68 Wh (17")

Weight

5.6 lb (2.5 kg) (15")

5.4 lb (2.4 kg) (15")

N/A

6.8 lb (3.1 kg) (17")

Dimensions

14.1 in (36 cm) wide × 9.6 in (24 cm) deep × 1.0 in (2.5 cm) (15")

N/A

15.4 in (39 cm) wide × 10.4 in (26 cm) deep × 1.0 in (2.5 cm) (17")

text: Second generation (Unibody)[edit]

text: On October 14, 2008, in a press event at company headquarters, Apple officials announced a new 15-inch MacBook Pro featuring a "precision aluminum unibody enclosure" and tapered sides similar to those of the MacBook Air.[28][29] Designers shifted the MacBook Pro's ports to the left side of the case, and moved the optical disc drive slot from the front to the right side, similar to the MacBook. The new MacBook Pros had two video cards, which the user could switch between: the Nvidia GeForce 9600M GT with either 256 or 512 MB of dedicated memory and a GeForce 9400M with 256 MB of shared system memory.[28] Although the FireWire 400 port was removed, the FireWire 800 port was retained. The DVI port was replaced with a Mini DisplayPort receptacle.[28] The original unibody MacBook Pro came with a user-removable battery; Apple claimed five hours of use,[28] with one reviewer reporting results closer to four on a continuous video battery stress test.[30] Apple said that the battery would hold 80 percent of its charge after 300 recharges.[31]

text: Design[edit]

text: The unibody-construction MacBook Pro largely follows the styling of the original aluminum iMac and the MacBook Air and is slightly thinner than its predecessor, albeit wider and deeper due to the widescreen display.[28] The screen is high-gloss, covered by an edge-to-edge reflective glass finish, while an anti-glare matte option is available in the 15- and 17-inch models in which the glass panel is removed.[32] The entire trackpad is usable and acts as a clickable button.[32] The trackpad is also larger than the first generation model's, giving more room for scrolling and multi-touch gestures.[32] When the line was updated in April 2010, inertial scrolling was added, making the scrolling experience much like that of the iPhone and iPad.[33][34][35] The keys, still backlit, are now that of Apple's now-standard sunken keyboard with separated black keys.[33]

text: Updates[edit]

text: During the MacWorld Expo keynote on January 6, 2009, Phil Schiller announced a 17-inch MacBook Pro with unibody construction. This version diverged from its 15-inch sibling with an anti-glare "matte" screen option (with the glossy finish standard) and a non user-removable lithium polymer battery.[36] Instead of traditional round cells inside the casing, the lithium-ion polymer batteries are shaped and fitted into each laptop to maximally utilize space. Adaptive charging, which uses a chip to optimize the charge flow to reduce wear and tear, extends the battery's overall life.[36] Battery life for the 17" version is quoted at eight hours, with 80 percent of this charge remaining after 1,000 charge-discharge cycles.[36]

text: At Apple's Worldwide Developers Conference (WWDC) on June 8, 2009, it was announced that the 13-inch unibody MacBook would be upgraded and re-branded as a MacBook Pro,[37] leaving only the white polycarbonate MacBook in the MacBook line.[38] It was also announced that the entire MacBook Pro line would use the non user-removable battery first introduced in the 17-inch MacBook Pro.[39] The updated MacBook Pro 13- and the 15-inch would each have up to a claimed seven hours of battery life, while the 17-inch would keep its eight-hour capacity.[37][39] Some sources even reported up to eight hours of battery life for the 13- and 15-inch MacBook Pros during casual use,[40] while others reported around six hours.[32] Like the 17-inch MacBook Pro, Apple claims that they will last around 1,000 charge cycles while still containing 80 percent of their capacity.[41] Graphics card options stayed the same from the previous release, although the 13-inch[42] and the base model 15-inch, came with only the GeForce 9400M GPU.[43] The screens were also improved, gaining a claimed 60 percent greater color gamut.[42][43] All of these mid 2009 models also included a FireWire 800 port and all except the 17-inch models would receive an SD card slot.[29] The 17-inch model would retain its ExpressCard/34 slot.[39] For the 13-inch MacBook Pro, the Kensington lock slot was moved to the right side of the chassis.[44] In August 2009, Apple extended the "matte" anti-glare display option to the 15-inch MacBook Pro.[45]

text: On April 13, 2010,[46] Intel Core i5 and Core i7 CPUs were introduced in the 15- and 17-inch models, while the 13-inch retained the Core 2 Duo with a speed increase.[46] The power brick was redesigned[33] and a high-resolution display (of 1,680 × 1,050) was announced as an option for the 15-inch models.[34] The 13-inch gained an integrated Nvidia GeForce 320M graphics processing unit (GPU) with 256 MB of shared memory, while the 15- and 17-inch models were upgraded to the GeForce GT 330M, with either 256 or 512 MB of dedicated memory.[46] The 15- and 17-inch models also have an integrated Intel GPU that is built into the Core i5 and i7 processors.[46] The 15-inch model also gained 0.1 pounds (0.045 kg).[34] Save for a third USB 2.0 slot, all the ports on the 17-inch MacBook Pro are the same in type and number as on the 15-inch version.[47] All models come with 4 GB of system memory that is upgradeable to 8 GB.[46] Battery life was also extended further in this update, to an estimated ten hours for the 13-inch and 8–9 hours on the 15- and 17-inch MacBook Pros.[46] This was achieved through both greater power efficiency and adding more battery capacity.[46] One reviewer reported about six hours of battery life through a continuous video battery stress test in the 15-inch[35] and another, who called the battery life "unbeatable", reported nearer to eight in the 13-inch through their "highly demanding battery drain test".[33]

text: Thunderbolt technology, Sandy Bridge dual core Intel Core i5 and i7 (on the 13-inch model) or quad-core i7 (on the 15- and 17-inch models) processors, and a high definition FaceTime camera were added on February 24, 2011. Intel HD Graphics 3000 come integrated with the CPU, while the 15- and 17-inch models also utilize AMD Radeon HD 6490M and Radeon HD 6750M graphics cards. Later editions of these models, following the release of OS X Lion, replaced the dashboard (F4) key with a launchpad key. The chassis bottoms are also engraved differently from the 2010 models.[48] The Thunderbolt serial bus platform can achieve speeds of up to 10 Gbit/s,[49] which is up to twice as fast as the USB 3.0 specification, 20 times faster than the USB 2.0 specification, and up to 12 times faster than FireWire 800.[50] Apple says that Thunderbolt can be used to drive displays or to transfer large quantities of data in a short amount of time.[50]

text: On June 11, 2012, Apple showcased its upgraded Mac notebooks, OS X Mountain Lion, and iOS 6 at the Worldwide Developers Conference (WWDC) in San Francisco.[51] The new MacBook Pro models were updated with Ivy Bridge processors and USB 3.0 ports, and the default RAM on premium models was increased to 8 GB.[52] Following this announcement, the 17-inch model was discontinued. After a media event on October 22, 2013 Apple discontinued all second generation MacBook Pros except for the entry-level 2.5 GHz 13-inch model.[53] Apple discontinued the 13-inch 2nd generation MacBook Pro on October 27, 2016. Prior to its discontinuation it was Apple’s only product to still include an optical drive and a Firewire port, and only laptop with a hard disk drive and Ethernet port.[54]

text: Reception[edit]

text: Some reviewers praised the new laptop's performance and compact size,[30] the quality of the screen, and sturdy unibody build,[30] which allowed easier upgrading of internal components as compared to the original models.[30] Some reviewers also noted that the new MacBook Pro ran more quietly and at cooler temperatures than first generation machines.[30] Others, however, criticized the amount of heat generated by the new design.[55][56]

text: Reviewers lamented the loss of a matte screen option for the 2008 unibody MacBook Pro, noting the reflectiveness of the screen in sunlight, even when its brightness was turned all the way up.[30] CNET's Dan Ackerman commented of the mid-2009 models: "According to Apple, the new display offers a wider color gamut, and the screen certainly looks bright and colorful, but we wish the same matte-screen option offered on the 17-inch MacBook Pro was available across the line... While the LED screen means a thinner lid and some battery life benefits, the edge-to-edge glass covering the entire display panel grabs stray light rays with ease, making the glossy screen hard to see in some lighting conditions."[32] By 2011, matte screens were offered for both the 15" and 17" models. Furthermore, the addition of Mini DisplayPort instead of the more popular HDMI was criticized.[30] The relatively low number of ports and lower end technical specifications when compared to similarly priced laptops from other brands were also bemoaned.[30]

text: Laptop Magazine's Michael Prospero praised the 2010 15-inch model's display, calling it "bright and crisp". He further commented, "While reflections from the glossy display weren't overwhelming, it's also nice to know there's an antiglare option—though only for the higher resolution display. Still, colors were bright, blacks were deep and dark, and viewing angles were excellent both vertically and horizontally." He also lauded the quality of the iSight webcam, the responsiveness of the touchpad, the microphone and speakers, as well as the performance of the new CPUs for the 15" model and the long battery life. Complaints included the price of the laptop, the low number of USB ports, and the lack of HDMI.[34]

text: CNET praised the automatic graphics switching features of the 15- and 17-inch 2010 models as well as the graphics cards themselves. Acclaim was also given to the Core i5 and i7 CPUs, the multi-touch trackpad, and the addition of audio capabilities to the Mini DisplayPort video output.[35] They also called for the addition of HDMI and the Blu-ray optical disc format, saying that most other computers in the MacBook Pro's price range possessed these features.[35] CNET also criticized the option of a higher resolution screen in the 15-inch model, saying that "the higher-resolution screen should be included by default."[35]

text: Technical specifications[edit]

text:
Archaic

Obsolete[57]

Vintage

Discontinued

text:
showTable of second generation MacBook Pro models

Component

Intel Core 2 Duo

Intel Core 2 Duo, Core i5, Core i7

Intel Core i5, Core i7

Model[58]

Late 2008[59]

Early 2009[60]

Mid 2009[61][62][63]

Mid 2010[64][65][66]

Early 2011[67][68][69]

Late 2011[70][71][72]

Mid 2012[73][74]

Release date

October 14, 2008[28]

January 6, 2009 (17")[17]March 3, 2009 (15")[75]

June 8, 2009[76]

April 13, 2010[46]

February 24, 2011[77]

October 24, 2011[78]

June 11, 2012[79][80]

Apple order number(s)

MB470*/A or MB471*/A

MB470*/A, MC026*/A or MB604*/A

MB990*/A, MB991*/A, MC118*/A, MB985*/A, MB986*/A, or MC226*/A

MC374*/A, MC375*/A, MC371*/A, MC372*/A, MC373*/A or MC024*/A

MC700*/A, MC724*/A, MC721*/A, MC723*/A, or MC725*/A

MD311*/A, MD313*/A, MD314*/A, MD318*/A, MD322*/A or MD385*/A

MD101*/A, MD102*/A, MD103*/A or MD104*/A

Model Number(s)

A1286 (15")

A1286 (15"), A1297 (17")

A1278 (13"), A1286 (15"), A1297 (17")

A1278 (13"), A1286 (15")

Model Identifier(s)

MacBookPro5,1 (15")

MacBookPro5,1 (15")MacBookPro5,2 (17")

MacBookPro5,1 (15")MacBookPro5,2 (17")MacBookPro5,3 (15")MacBookPro5,4 (15")MacBookPro5,5 (13")

MacBookPro6,1 (17")MacBookPro6,2 (15")MacBookPro7,1 (13")

MacBookPro8,1 (13")MacBookPro8,2 (15")MacBookPro8,3 (17")

MacBookPro9,1 (15")MacBookPro9,2 (13")

LED-backlit widescreen glossy display (16:10)

N/A

13.3", 1,280 × 800

15.4", 1,440 × 900

15.4", 1,440 × 900Optional matte screen

15.4", 1,440 × 900Optional 1,680 × 1,050 (glossy or matte)

N/A

17", 1,920 × 1,200Optional matte screen

N/A

Video camera

iSight (480p)

FaceTime HD (720p)

Processor

N/A

2.26 GHz (P8400) or 2.53 GHz (P8700) Intel Core 2 Duo Penryn with 3 MB on-chip L2 cache

2.4 GHz (P8600) or 2.66 GHz (P8800) Intel Core 2 Duo Penryn with 3 MB on-chip L2 cache

2.3 GHz (2415M) Intel Core i5 Sandy Bridge with 3 MB on-chip L3 cache or 2.7 GHz (2620M) Intel Core i7 Sandy Bridge with 4 MB on-chip L3 cache

2.4 GHz (2435M) Intel Core i5 Sandy Bridge with 3 MB on-chip L3 cache or 2.8 GHz (2640M) Intel Core i7 Sandy Bridge with 4 MB on-chip L3 cache

2.5 GHz (3210M) Intel Core i5 Ivy Bridge with 3 MB on-chip L3 cache or 2.9 GHz (3520M) Intel Core i7 Ivy Bridge with 4 MB on-chip L3 cache

2.4 GHz (P8600) with 3 MB on-chip L2 cache or
2.53 GHz (T9400) Intel Core 2 Duo Penryn with 6 MB on-chip L2 cacheOptional 2.8 GHz (T9600) with 6 MB on-chip L2 cache

2.4 GHz (P8600) with 3 MB on-chip L2 cache(15" only)  or2.53 GHz (T9400) with 6 MB on-chip L2 cache(15" only)  or2.66 GHz (T9550) (17" only) Intel Core 2 Duo Penryn with 6 MB on-chip L2 cache Optional 2.8 GHz (T9600) with 6 MB on-chip L2 cache(15" only) or 2.93 GHz (T9800) with 6 MB on-chip L2 cache (17" only)''

2.53 GHz (P8700) or 2.66 GHz (P8800) (15" only) with 3 MB on-chip L2 cache or
2.8 GHz (T9600) (15" and 17" only) Intel Core 2 Duo Penryn with 6 MB on-chip L2 cacheOptional 3.06 GHz (T9900) with 6 MB on-chip L2 cache (15" and 17" only)

2.4 GHz (520M) (15" only) or 2.53 GHz (540M) (15" and 17" only) with 3 MB on-chip L3 cache or 2.66 GHz (620M) (15" and 17" only) Intel Core i7 Arrandale with 4 MB on-chip L3 cacheOptional 2.8 GHz (640M) with 4 MB on-chip L3 cache (15" and 17" only)

2.0 GHz quad-core (2635QM) (15" only) or 2.2 GHz quad-core (2720QM) (15" and 17" only) Intel Core i7 Sandy Bridge with 6 MB on-chip L3 cacheOptional 2.3 GHz (2820QM) with 8 MB on-chip L3 cache (15" and 17" only)

2.2 GHz quad-core (2675QM) (15" only) or 2.4 GHz quad-core (2760QM) (15" and 17" only) Intel Core i7 Sandy Bridge with 6 MB on-chip L3 cacheOptional 2.5 GHz (2860QM) with 8 MB on-chip L3 cache (15" and 17" only)

2.3 GHz quad-core (3615QM) (15" only) or 2.6 GHz quad-core (3720QM) (15" only) Intel Core i7 Ivy Bridge with 6 MB on-chip L3 cacheOptional 2.7 GHz (3820QM) with 8 MB on-chip L3 cache (15" only)

System bus

N/A

1,066 MHz front side bus (13")

Intel Direct Media Interface 5 GT/s

1,066 MHz front side bus

1,066 MHz front side bus (15" and 17")

Intel Direct Media Interface2.5 GT/s (15" and 17")

Memory(Two slots)

2 GB (two 1 GB) or 4 GB (two 2 GB)Expandable to 4 GB by default, expandable to 8 GB with the latest EFI update[81]

4 GB (two 2 GB)Expandable to 8 GB.[note 2] 2.66 GHz and 2.93 GHz models expandable to 8 GB

2 GB (two 1 GB) or 4 GB (two 2 GB)Expandable to 8 GB

4 GB (two 2 GB)Expandable to 8 GB16 GB on 13" models

4 GB (two 2 GB)Expandable to 16 GB

4 GB (two 2 GB) or 8 GB (two 4 GB)Expandable to 16 GB

1066 MHz PC3-8500 DDR3 SDRAM

1333 MHz PC3-10600 DDR3 SDRAM Voltage 1.5V[82][83]Expandable to 16GB of 1600 MHz PC3-12800 DDR3 SDRAM[84][85]

1600 MHz PC3-12800 DDR3 SDRAM Voltage 1.35V[86]

Graphics

N/A

Nvidia GeForce 9400M with 256 MB of DDR3 SDRAM shared with main memory (13" and some 15" models)

Nvidia GeForce 320M with 256 MB of DDR3 SDRAM shared with main memory (13" models only)

Intel HD Graphics 3000 with 384 MB (512 MB with 8 GB of RAM installed)[87] DDR3 SDRAM shared with main memory (13" models only)

Intel HD Graphics 4000 with DDR3 SDRAM shared with main memory (13" models only)

Nvidia GeForce 9400M with 256 MB of DDR3 SDRAM shared with main memory and Nvidia GeForce 9600M GT with 256 MB or 512 MB of GDDR3 SDRAMCan switch between the two (but cannot use both)

Nvidia GeForce 9400M with 256 MB of DDR3 SDRAM shared with main memory and Nvidia GeForce 9600M GT with 256 MB or 512 MB of GDDR3 SDRAM (some 15" or 17" models)Can switch between the two (but cannot use both)

Intel HD Graphics with 256 MB of DDR3 SDRAM shared with main memory and Nvidia GeForce GT 330M with 256 MB or 512 MB of GDDR3 SDRAM (15" and 17" models)Automatically switches between graphics hardware when running OS X

Intel HD Graphics 3000 with 384 MB DDR3 SDRAM shared with main memory (15" and 17" models) and AMD Radeon HD 6490M with 256 MB GDDR5 memory (15" models) or AMD Radeon HD 6750M with 1 GB GDDR5 memory (15" and 17" models)Automatically switches between graphics hardware when running OS X

Intel HD Graphics 3000 with 384 MB DDR3 SDRAM shared with main memory (15" and 17" models) and AMD Radeon HD 6750M with 512 MB GDDR5 memory (15" models) or AMD Radeon HD 6770M with 1 GB GDDR5 memory (15" and 17" models)Automatically switches between graphics hardware when running OS X

Intel HD Graphics 4000 with DDR3 SDRAM shared with main memory and Nvidia GeForce GT 650M with 512 MB GDDR5 memory (base 15" model) or 1 GB GDDR5 memoryAutomatically switches between graphics hardware when running OS X

Storage[note 4]

250 GB or 320 GB serial ATA at 5,400-rpmOptional 250 GB or 320 GB at 7,200-rpm, 128 GB SSD

250 GB or 320 GB serial ATA at 5,400-rpmOptional 250 GB or 320 GB at 7,200-rpm, 128 GB or 256 GB SSD

160 GB, 250 GB, 320 GB, or 500 GB serial ATA at 5,400-rpmOptional 320 GB or 500 GB at 5,400-rpm or 7,200-rpm (15" and 17" only) or 128 GB or 256 GB SSD

250 GB, 320 GB, or 500 GB serial ATA at 5,400-rpm.Optional 320 GB or 500 GB at 5,400-rpm or 7,200-rpm or 128 GB, 256 GB, or 512 GB SSD.

320 GB (13" only), 500 GB or 750 GB serial ATA at 5,400-rpm.Optional 500 GB or 750 GB at 5,400-rpm or 500 GB at 7,200-rpm (15" and 17" only), or 128 GB, 256 GB, or 512 GB SSD

500 GB or 750 GB serial ATA at 5,400-rpm (13" and base 15" models) or 17" 750 GB serial ATA at 5,400-rpm (high-end 15" and 17" models)Optional 750 GB at 5,400-rpm or 7,200-rpm (15" and 17" only), or 128 GB, 256 GB, or 512 GB SSD

500 GB or 750 GB serial ATA at 5,400-rpm Optional 750 GB at 5,400-rpm or 7,200-rpm or 1 TB at 5,400-rpm or 128 GB, 256 GB, 512 GB or 1 TB SSD

SATA II (3 Gbit/s)

SATA III (6 Gbit/s)

Optical disc drive[note 5]

SuperDrive: 4× DVD±R DL writes, 8× DVD+/-R read/write, 8× DVD+RW writes, 6× DVD-RW writes, 24× CD-R, and 16× CD-RW recording

AirPort Extreme

Integrated 802.11a/b/g/draft-n (n enabled) (Broadcom BCM4322 2 × 2 chipset)

Integrated 802.11a/b/g/n (Broadcom BCM4331 3 × 3 chipset)

Peripheral connections

ExpressCard/34

SDXC card slot (13" and 15") or ExpressCard/34 (17")

SDXC card slot

USB 2.0 (two ports on 13" and 15", three ports on 17")

USB 3.0 (two ports)

Mini DisplayPort (without audio support)

Mini DisplayPort (with audio support)

Thunderbolt port

Gigabit Ethernet, Firewire 800, Audio line in/out

Latest possible operating system

OS X 10.11 "El Capitan"(Unofficially, can run up to macOS 10.13 "High Sierra" with  High Sierra Patcher)

macOS 10.13 "High Sierra"

macOS 10.14 "Mojave"

Battery (lithium polymer, non-removable except in original 15")

N/A

58 Wh (13")

63.5 Wh (13")

50 Wh removable lithium-polymer (15")

73 Wh (15")

77.5 Wh (15")

N/A

95 Wh (17")

N/A

Weight

N/A

4.50 lb (2.04 kg) (13")

5.5 lb (2.5 kg) (15")

5.6 lb (2.5 kg) (15")

N/A

6.6 lb (3.0 kg) (17")

N/A

Dimensions

N/A

12.78 in (32.5 cm) wide × 8.94 in (22.7 cm) deep × 0.95 in (2.4 cm) high (13")

14.35 in (36.4 cm) wide × 9.82 in (24.9 cm) deep × 0.95 in (2.4 cm) high (15")

N/A

15.47 in (39.3 cm) wide × 10.51 in (26.7 cm) deep × 0.98 in (2.5 cm) high (17")

N/A

text: Since the RAM and the hard drive on some generations of MacBook Pro are user serviceable parts, there are aftermarket modifications to enhance the system with up to 16GB of DDR3-1600 RAM (maximum capacity and frequency depend on the hardware in question), 7200-rpm hard drives or third party SSDs.

text: Early and Late 2011 model GPU Issues[edit]

text: Early and Late 2011 models reportedly suffer from manufacturing problems leading to overheating, graphical issues, and eventually complete GPU and logic board failure. A similar but nonidentical issue affected iMac GPUs which were later recalled by Apple.[88] The problem was covered by many articles in Mac-focused magazines, starting late 2013 throughout 2014.[89][90][91][92][93] In August 2014 the law firm Whitfield Bryson & Mason LLP had begun investigating the problem to determine if any legal claim exists.[94] On October 28, 2014, the firm announced that it has filed a class-action lawsuit in a California federal court against Apple. The lawsuit will cover residents residing in both California and Florida who have purchased a 2011 MacBook Pro notebook with an AMD graphics card. The firm is also investigating similar cases across the United States.[95] On February 20, 2015, Apple instituted the "MacBook Pro Repair Extension Program for Video Issues".  This "will repair affected MacBook Pro systems, free of charge". The program covered affected MacBook Pro models until December 31, 2016 or four years from original date of sale[96].

text: Third generation (Retina)[edit]

text: On June 11, 2012 at the Apple Worldwide Developers Conference in San Francisco, Apple introduced the third generation MacBook Pro, marketed as the "MacBook Pro with Retina display" to differentiate it from the predecessor model.[51] The new model includes Intel's third generation Core i7 processors (Ivy Bridge microarchitecture), USB 3.0, and a high-resolution 15.4" IPS 2880×1800-pixel Retina Display.[52] Other new or changed features include a second Thunderbolt port, a HDMI port, and a thinner MagSafe port, dubbed the "MagSafe 2".[97] Apple introduced a 13-inch version on October 23, 2012 with specifications similar but slightly inferior to the 15-inch version's, such as less powerful processors.[98]

text: The new models omit Ethernet and FireWire 800 ports, though Apple offers Thunderbolt adapters for both interfaces.[99] They also omit a SuperDrive, making the 15-inch model Apple's first professional notebook since the PowerBook 2400c to ship without a built-in optical drive.[100] Instead of a hard disk drive, the new models ship with a solid state drive housed in a proprietary flash module design rather than a 2.5" notebook drive. Apple also claims improved speakers and microphones and a new system for cooling the notebook with improved fans.[97] The new case design does not have a Kensington lock slot, so alternative products are required to physically secure the computer.[101]

text: The Retina models also have fewer user-accessible upgrade or replacement options than previous MacBooks. Unlike in previous generations, the memory is soldered onto the logic board and is therefore not upgradable. The solid state drive is not soldered and can be replaced by users, although it has a proprietary connector and form factor.[102] The battery is glued into place; attempts to remove it may destroy the battery and/or trackpad.[103] The entire case uses proprietary pentalobe screws and cannot be disassembled with standard tools. While the battery is glued in, recycling companies have stated that the design is only "mildly inconvenient" and does not hamper the recycling process.[104]

text: On February 13, 2013, Apple announced updated prices and processors for the MacBook Pro with Retina Display and increased the RAM of the high-end 15-inch model to 16 GB.[105]

text: On October 22, 2013, Apple updated the line with Intel's Haswell processors and Iris Graphics, 802.11ac Wi-Fi, Thunderbolt 2, and PCIe-based flash storage.[106] The chassis of the 13-inch version was slightly slimmed to 0.71 inches (18 mm) to match the 15-inch model. The lower-end 15-inch model only included integrated graphics while the higher-end model continued to include a discrete Nvidia graphics card in addition to integrated graphics.[107] Support for 4K video output via HDMI was added but limited the maximum number of external displays from three to two.[108] On July 29, 2014 Apple announced updated prices and processors for the Haswell MacBook Pro with Retina Display.[109]

text: On March 9, 2015, the 13-inch model was updated with Intel Broadwell processors, Iris 6100 graphics, faster flash storage, increased battery life, and a Force Touch trackpad.[110][111] On May 19, 2015, the 15-inch model was also updated with similarly fast flash storage, increased battery life, the Force Touch trackpad, and an AMD Radeon R9 discrete graphics card on the higher-end model.[112][113] The higher-end 15-inch model also added support for dual-cable output to 5120×2880 displays.[114] The 15-inch models were released with the same Intel Haswell processors and Iris Pro graphics as the 2014 models due to a delay in shipment of newer Broadwell quad-core processors.[115] Apple continued to sell the 2015 15-inch model until July 2018.[116]

text: Design[edit]

text: The Retina Display MacBook Pro largely follows the design of the previous generation with its aluminum enclosure and separated black keys. The most apparent body changes are a thinner chassis and a display with a redesigned hinge and thinner bezel and the removal of the internal optical drive. The power button is moved from the upper right corner of the chassis onto the keyboard, taking the place of the optical disc eject button.[117] At 0.71 inches (18 mm) thick, the 15-inch model is 25 percent thinner than its predecessor. The model name is no longer placed at the bottom of the screen bezel; instead, it is found on the underside of the chassis, similar to an iOS device. It is the first Macintosh laptop to not have its model name visible during normal use, as every prior laptop had its model name on the screen bezel or keyboard.[118]

text: Reception[edit]

text: The third generation MacBook Pro received positive reviews of the Retina Display, flash storage and power. It was criticized, however, for its high price and lack of an Ethernet port and optical drive. Roman Loyola of Macworld said that the Retina MacBook Pro was "groundbreaking" and made people "rethink how they use technology". He praised the inclusion of USB 3.0 and the slimmer body.[119] Dan Ackerman of CNET commented "I've previously called the 15-inch MacBook Pro one of the most universally useful all-around laptops you can buy. This new version adds to that with HDMI, faster ports, and more portability. But it also subtracts from that with its exclusion of an optical drive and Ethernet port, plus its very high starting price. The Pro and Retina Pro are clearly two laptops designed for two different users, and with the exception of all-day commuters who need something closer to a MacBook Air or ultrabook, one of the two branches of the MacBook Pro family tree is still probably the most universally useful laptop you can buy."[120]

text: Joel Santo Domingo of PC Magazine gave the MacBook Pro an "Editor's Choice" rating. He praised its "brilliant Retina display", the thin design, port selection and speedy storage, and highlighted the expandability via Thunderbolt ports which support up to seven devices each.[121] David Pogue of The New York Times praised the 15-inch model's screen, keyboard, sound, start-up time, cosmetics, battery life, storage, and RAM capacity. They criticized the lack of a SuperDrive, pricing, and the MagSafe 2 power connector's lack of backwards compatibility with the older MagSafe design.[122]

text: The Retina Display on the MacBook Pro have been criticized for "image retention", specifically for displays manufactured by LG.[123][124]

text: In 2017, one year after the introduction of the fourth generation of the MacBook Pro, the original lead developer of Tumblr Marco Arment wrote an evocative article in which he declared the third-generation MacBook Pro the best laptop ever made.[125] The sentiment was shared by many users of various social platforms.[126]

text: Repairability and environmental concerns[edit]

text: Since the battery is glued in and cannot be easily disassembled for recycling (an EPEAT requirement), Apple received criticisms about the machine's ability to be recycled. Greenpeace spokesman Casey Harrell said Apple "has pitted design against the environment—and chosen design. They're making a big bet that people don't care, but recycling is a big issue."[127] Wired also criticized Apple's recyclability claims, stating "[t]he design may well be comprised of 'highly recyclable aluminum and glass'—but my friends in the electronics recycling industry tell me they have no way of recycling aluminum that has glass glued to it like Apple did with both this machine and the recent iPad."[128]

text: Technical specifications[edit]

text:
Vintage

Discontinued

text:
showTable of third generation MacBook Pro models

Component

Intel Core i5, Core i7

Model

Mid 2012[129]

Late 2012[130]

Early 2013[131][132]

Late 2013[133][134]

Mid 2014[135][136]

Early 2015[137]

Mid 2015[138]

Release date

June 11, 2012 (15")[79][80]

October 23, 2012 (13")[98]

February 13, 2013[105]

October 22, 2013[106]

July 29, 2014[109]

March 9, 2015 (13")[111]

May 19, 2015 (15")[113]

Model number(s)

MC975*/A or MC976*/A or MD831*/A

MD212*/A or MD213*/A

ME664*/A or ME665*/A or ME698*/A, ME662*/A or ME663*/A or ME697*/A

ME864*/A or ME865*/A or ME866*/A, ME293*/A or ME294*/A

MGX72*/A or MGX82*/A or MGX92*/A, MGXA2*/A or MGXC2*/A

MF839*/A or MF840*/A or MF841*/A

MJLQ2*/A or MJLT2*/A

Model Identifier(s)

MacBookPro10,1 (15") (A1398)

MacBookPro10,2 (13") (A1425)

MacBookPro10,2 (13") (A1425)

MacBookPro11,1 (13") (A1502)

MacBookPro12,1 (13") (A1502)

MacBookPro11,4 (15")MacBookPro11,5 (15")

MacBookPro10,1 (15")

MacBookPro11,2 (15") (A1398)MacBookPro11,3 (15")

LED-backlit widescreen glossy Retina Display

15.4", 2,880 × 1,800 (16:10), 220 ppi

13.3", 2,560 × 1,600 (16:10), 227 ppi

13.3", 2,560 × 1,600 (16:10), 227 ppi

13.3", 2,560 × 1,600 (16:10), 227 ppi

15.4", 2,880 × 1,800 (16:10), 220 ppi

15.4", 2,880 × 1,800 (16:10), 220 ppi

Video camera

FaceTime HD (720p)

Processor

2.3 GHz (i7-3615QM) quad-core Intel Core i7 Ivy Bridge with 6 MB on-chip L3 cache (15")
Optional 2.6 GHz (i7-3720QM) with 6 MB on-chip L3 cacheOptional 2.7 GHz (i7-3820QM) with 8 MB on-chip L3 cache

2.5 GHz (i5-3210M) dual-core Intel Core i5 Ivy Bridge processor with 3 MB shared L3 cache (13")
Optional 2.9 GHz (i7-3520M) dual-core Intel Core i7 Ivy Bridge processor with 4 MB shared L3 cache

2.6 GHz (i5-3230M) dual-core Intel Core i5 Ivy Bridge processor with 3 MB shared L3 cache (13")
Optional 3.0 GHz (i7-3540M) dual-core Intel Core i7 Ivy Bridge with 4 MB shared L3 cache

2.4 GHz (i5-4258U) dual-core Intel Core i5 Haswell processor with 3 MB shared L3 cache (13")
Optional 2.6 GHz (i5-4288U) dual-core Intel Core i5 Haswell with 3 MB shared L3 cacheOptional 2.8 GHz (i7-4558U) dual-core Intel Core i7 Haswell with 4 MB shared L3 cache

2.6 GHz (i5-4278U) dual-core Intel Core i5 Haswell processor with 3 MB shared L3 cache (13")
Optional 2.8 GHz (i5-4308U) dual-core Intel Core i5 Haswell with 3 MB shared L3 cacheOptional 3.0 GHz (i7-4578U) dual-core Intel Core i7 Haswell with 4 MB shared L3 cache

2.7 GHz (i5-5257U) dual-core Intel Core i5 Broadwell processor with 3 MB shared L3 cache (13")
Optional 2.9 GHz (i5-5287U) dual-core Intel Core i5 Broadwell with 3 MB shared L3 cacheOptional 3.1 GHz (i7-5557U) dual-core Intel Core i7 Broadwell with 4 MB shared L3 cache

2.2 GHz (i7-4770HQ) quad-core Intel Core i7 Haswell with 6 MB on-chip L3 and 128 MB L4 cache (Crystalwell) (15")
Optional 2.5 GHz (i7-4870HQ) with 6 MB on-chip L3 cache and 128 MB L4 cache (Crystalwell)Optional 2.8 GHz (i7-4980HQ) with 6 MB on-chip L3 cache and 128 MB L4 cache (Crystalwell)

2.4 GHz (i7-3635QM) quad-core Intel Core i7 Ivy Bridge with 6 MB on-chip L3 cache (15")[139][140]
Optional 2.7 GHz (i7-3740QM) with 6 MB on-chip L3 cacheOptional 2.8 GHz (i7-3840QM) with 8 MB on-chip L3 cache

2.0 GHz (i7-4750HQ) quad-core Intel Core i7 Broadwell with 6 MB on-chip L3 and 128 MB L4 cache (Crystalwell) (15")
Optional 2.3 GHz (i7-4850HQ) with 6 MB on-chip L3 cache and 128 MB L4 cache (Crystalwell)Optional 2.6 GHz (i7-4960HQ) with 6 MB on-chip L3 cache and 128 MB L4 cache (Crystalwell)

2.2 GHz (i7-4770HQ) quad-core Intel Core i7 Haswell with 6 MB on-chip L3 and 128 MB L4 cache (Crystalwell) (15")
Optional 2.5 GHz (i7-4870HQ) with 6 MB on-chip L3 cache and 128 MB L4 cache (Crystalwell)Optional 2.8 GHz (i7-4980HQ) with 6 MB on-chip L3 cache and 128 MB L4 cache (Crystalwell)

System bus

Intel Direct Media Interface 5 GT/s

Memory

8 GB built-in onboard RAM (not upgradeable) (15")Optional 16 GB RAM configuration available at time of purchase only

8 GB built-in onboard RAM (not upgradeable) (13")

8 GB built-in onboard RAM (not upgradeable) (13")

4 GB built-in onboard RAM (not upgradeable) (13", 128 GB)Optional 8 GB and 16 GB RAM configuration available at time of purchase only

8 GB built-in onboard RAM (not upgradeable) (13")Optional 16 GB RAM configuration available at time of purchase only

8 GB built-in onboard RAM (not upgradeable) (13")Optional 16 GB RAM configuration available at time of purchase only

16 GB built-in onboard RAM (15")

8 GB built-in onboard RAM (not upgradeable) (13", 256 GB and 512 GB)Optional 16 GB RAM configuration available at time of purchase only

8 GB built-in onboard RAM (not upgradeable) (15", 2.4 GHz)Optional 16 GB RAM configuration available at time of purchase only

8 GB built-in onboard RAM (not upgradeable) (15", 2.0 GHz)Optional 16 GB RAM configuration available at time of purchase only

16 GB built-in onboard RAM (15")

16 GB built-in onboard RAM (15", 2.7 GHz)

16 GB built-in onboard RAM (15", 2.3 GHz)

1600 MHz PC3-12800 DDR3L SDRAM

1866 MHz PC3-14900 LPDDR3 SDRAM (13")

1600 MHz PC3-12800 DDR3L SDRAM (15")

Graphics

Intel HD Graphics 4000 with DDR3L SDRAM shared with main memory and Nvidia GeForce GT 650M with 1 GB GDDR5 memory. (15")Automatically switches between graphics hardware when running OS X

Intel HD Graphics 4000 with DDR3L SDRAM shared with main memory (13")

Intel HD Graphics 4000 with DDR3L SDRAM shared with main memory (13")

Intel Iris 5100 Graphics with DDR3L SDRAM shared with main memory (13")

Intel Iris 6100 Graphics with LPDDR3 SDRAM shared with main memory (13")

Intel Iris Pro 5200 Graphics with DDR3L SDRAM shared with main memory (15", 2.2 GHz)

Intel HD Graphics 4000 with DDR3L SDRAM shared with main memory and Nvidia GeForce GT 650M with 1 GB GDDR5 memory. (15")Automatically switches between graphics hardware when running OS X

Intel Iris Pro 5200 Graphics with DDR3L SDRAM shared with main memory (15", 2.0 GHz)

Intel Iris Pro 5200 Graphics with DDR3L SDRAM shared with main memory (15", 2.2 GHz)

Intel Iris Pro 5200 Graphics with DDR3L SDRAM shared with main memory orIntel Iris Pro 5200 Graphics with DDR3L SDRAM shared with main memory and AMD Radeon R9 M370X with 2 GB GDDR5 memory. (15", 2.5 and 2.8 GHz)Automatically switches between graphics hardware when running OS X

Intel Iris Pro 5200 Graphics with DDR3L SDRAM shared with main memory and Nvidia GeForce GT 750M with 2 GB GDDR5 memory. (15", 2.3 GHz)Automatically switches between graphics hardware when running OS X

Intel Iris Pro 5200 Graphics with DDR3L SDRAM shared with main memory and Nvidia GeForce GT 750M with 2 GB GDDR5 memory. (15", 2.5 and 2.8 GHz)Automatically switches between graphics hardware when running OS X

Storage[note 4]

256 GB, 512 GB, or 768 GB SSD (15", 2.3 GHz)

128 GB, 256 GB, 512 GB, or 768 GB SSD (13")

128 GB, 256 GB, 512 GB, or 768 GB SSD (13", 2.5 GHz)

128 GB or 256 GB (13", 2.4 GHz)

128 GB or 256 GB (13", 2.6 GHz)

128 GB or 256 GB (13", 2.7 GHz)

256 GB, 512 GB, or 1 TB SSD (15", 2.2 GHz)

256 GB, 512 GB, or 768 GB SSD (13", 2.6 GHz)

512 GB or 1 TB SSD (13", 2.6 GHz)

512 GB or 1 TB SSD (13", 2.8 GHz)

512 GB or 768 GB SSD (15", 2.6 GHz)

256 GB, 512 GB, or 768 GB SSD (15", 2.4 GHz)

256 GB, 512 GB, or 1 TB SSD (15", 2.0 GHz)

256 GB, 512 GB, or 1 TB SSD (15", 2.2 GHz)

512 GB or 1 TB SSD (13", 2.9 GHz)

512 GB or 1 TB SSD (15", 2.5 and 2.8 GHz)

512 GB or 768 GB SSD (15", 2.7 GHz)

512 GB or 1 TB SSD (15", 2.3 GHz)

512 GB or 1 TB SSD (15", 2.5 GHz)

Mini-SATA III (6 Gbit/s)

PCIe 2.0 ×2 5.0 GT/s (8 Gbit/s)

PCIe 3.0 ×4 8.0 GT/s (31.5 Gbit/s)

AirPort Extreme

Integrated 802.11a/b/g/n (2.4 & 5 GHz, up to 450 Mbit/s)(Broadcom BCM4331 3 × 3 chipset)

Integrated 802.11a/b/g/n/ac (2.4 & 5 GHz, up to 1.3 Gbit/s)(Broadcom BCM4360 3 × 3 chipset)

Integrated 802.11a/b/g/n/ac (2.4 & 5 GHz, up to 1.3 Gbit/s)(Broadcom BCM43602 3 × 3 chipset)

Bluetooth

Bluetooth 4.0 wireless technology

Peripheral connections

SDXC card slot

2 USB 3.0

2 Thunderbolt portsSupports two 2560×1600 displays

2 Thunderbolt 2 portsSupports two 2560×1600 displays (13") or two 3840x2160 (15")

2 Thunderbolt 2 portsSupports two 3840×2160 displays

2 Thunderbolt 2 portsSupports two 3840×2160 displays '(Iris Graphics) or one 5120×2880 dual-cable display (Radeon R9)

HDMI portSupports 1920x1200 output[141]

HDMI portSupports 3840×2160/30 Hz or 4096×2160/24 Hz output[108]

Audio line out (analog/optical)

Battery (lithium polymer, non-removable)

74 Wh (13")

71.8 Wh (13")

74.9 Wh (13")

95 Wh (15")

99.5 Wh (15")

Weight

3.57 lb (1.62 kg) (13")

3.46 lb (1.57 kg) (13")

3.48 lb (1.58 kg) (13")

4.46 lb (2.02 kg) (15")

4.49 lb (2.04 kg) (15")

Dimensions

12.35 in (31.4 cm) wide × 8.62 in (21.9 cm) deep × 0.75 in (1.9 cm) high (13")

12.35 in (31.4 cm) wide × 8.62 in (21.9 cm) deep × 0.71 in (1.8 cm) high (13")

14.13 in (35.9 cm) wide × 9.73 in (24.7 cm) deep × 0.71 in (1.8 cm) high (15")

text: Fourth generation (Touch Bar and USB-C)[edit]

text: Apple unveiled fourth generation 13- and 15-inch MacBook Pro models during a press event at their headquarters on October 27, 2016. All models, except the baseline 13-inch model, introduced the Touch Bar, a multi-touch enabled OLED strip built into the top of the keyboard in place of the function keys. The Touch Bar models also include a sapphire-glass covered Touch ID sensor at the right end of the Touch Bar which doubles as a power button. The models also introduce a "second-generation" butterfly mechanism keyboard that provided more travel than the first iteration implemented on the Retina MacBook. The 13-inch model has a trackpad that is 46% larger than its predecessor while the 15-inch model has a trackpad twice as large as the prior generation.

text: All ports have been replaced with either two or four combination USB-C 3.1 ports that support Thunderbolt 3 and dual DisplayPort 1.2 signals,[142] any of which can be used for charging.[143] The MacBook Pro is incompatible with some older Thunderbolt 3 certified peripherals,[144][145] including Intel's own reference design for Thunderbolt 3 devices.[146] Furthermore, macOS on MacBook Pro blocks certain classes of Thunderbolt 3 compatible devices from working by blacklisting them.[147] Devices using HDMI, previous generation Thunderbolt, and USB will require an adapter to connect to the MacBook Pro.[143][148][149] The models come with a 3.5 mm headphone jack, although TOSLINK functionality of older generation MacBook Pros has been removed.

text: Other updates to the MacBook Pro include dual and quad-core Intel "Skylake" Core i5 and i7 processors, improved graphics, and displays that offer a 25% wider color gamut, 67% more brightness, and 67% more contrast. All versions are able to output to a 5K display, with the 15-inch models capable of two. The 15-inch models include a discrete Radeon Pro 450, 455 or 460 graphics card in addition to the integrated Intel graphics. Additionally, Apple introduced a cheaper lower-end 13-inch model which lacks the Touch Bar in favor of function keys, and has only two USB-C ports. The flash storage in the Touch Bar models is soldered to the logic board and is not upgradeable, while in the 13-inch model without Touch Bar, it is removable, but not replaceable, as it is a proprietary format of SSD storage.[150][151]

text: On June 5, 2017 Apple updated the line with Intel Kaby Lake processors and newer graphics cards. Additionally, the 13-inch model now comes with a 128GB storage option, down from the base 256GB storage.[152] On July 12, 2018 Apple updated the Touch Bar models with Intel Coffee Lake quad-core processors in 13-inch models and six-core processors in 15-inch models, updated graphics cards, third-generation butterfly keyboards, Bluetooth 5, T2 SoC Chip, True Tone display technology, and larger capacity batteries. The 15-inch model can also be configured with up to 4TB of storage, 32GB of DDR4 memory and a Core i9 processor.[153]

text: Design and usability[edit]

text: The fourth generation MacBook Pro follows the design of the previous two generations with an all-metal unibody enclosure and separated black keys. A few apparent design changes are a thinner chassis, thinner screen bezel, larger trackpad, the OLED Touch Bar, and shallower butterfly mechanism keyboard with less key separation than the previous models. The speakers grilles have been relocated to the sides of the keyboard on the 13-inch variant. Tear downs show that the speaker grilles on the 13-inch model with Touch Bar are "largely cosmetic", and that sound output mostly comes through the side vents.[154] The fourth generation MacBook Pro comes in two finishes, the traditional silver color and a darker "space gray" color. The MacBook Pro model name returns to the bottom of the screen bezel in Apple's San Francisco font after being absent from the third generation. As with the Retina MacBook, the new models replace the backlit white Apple logo on the rear of the screen with a glossy black opaque version.

text: MagSafe, a magnetic charging connector, has been replaced with USB-C charging.[143] Unlike MagSafe, which provided an indicator light within the user’s field of view to indicate the device's charging status, the USB-C charger has no visual indicator. Instead, the MacBook Pro emits a chime when connected to power.[143] The Macintosh startup chime that has been used since the first Macintosh in 1984 is now disabled by default. The laptop now boots automatically when the lid is opened.[143]

text: Ars Technica noted that the second-generation keyboard with firm keys was a "drastic departure" from previous Retina MacBook keyboards. It further noted that resting palms may brush the trackpad occasionally causing inadvertent cursor jumps onscreen as the laptop interprets this as input, without one's hands or wrists actually resting on it.[143] Also noted was an increase of bandwidth and approximately 40 percent increased read speed of the flash storage.[143] Engadget praised the thinner, lighter design, improved display and audio, and increased speed of the graphics and flash storage, but criticized the lack of ports and price.[155] Wired praised the display, calling it "the best laptop display I've ever seen", as well as praising the Touch Bar, though it criticized the need of adapters for many common connectors.[156] Likewise, The Verge concluded that "using [the new MacBook] is alienating to anyone living in the present. I agree with Apple's vision of the future. I'm just not buying it today."[157]

text: Engadget voiced their concerns that "by doing things like removing full-sized USB ports, the memory card reader and even the Function row, Apple seems to have forgotten how many of us actually work"[158]. Heavy keyboard users criticized the Touch Bar, noting that command-line tools like Vim rely on keyboard usage, and the Touch Bar does not provide the tactile feedback necessary for "blind" usage of Function keys.[159] Miriam Nielsen from the Verge said about the Touch Bar experience: "When I tried to intentionally use the Touch Bar, I felt like a kid learning how to type again. I had to keep looking down at the bar instead of looking at the images I was actually trying to edit."[160] She also pointed out that after learning the Touch Bar one cannot work as efficiently on any other computer. Developers have their share of headaches because they cannot rely on the Touch Bar being present on every machine that runs their software. Even if Apple makes the Touch Bar an integral part of macOS, it will take "many years" for it to become ubiquitous, in the meantime anything in the Bar needs to be available through another part of the interface.[161]

text: Other items of critique were non-compatibility between Thunderbolt 2 and 3 devices, frequently unpleasant fan whine noises in idle CPU states on the larger screen (15") models were reported, where the two integrated fans run all the time by default.[citation needed] The coprocessor powering the touch bar and higher TDP of the stronger CPU models are responsible for this behavior.

text: Battery life[edit]

text: The battery life of the new models also received mixed reception, with outlets reporting inconsistent battery life and inaccurate estimates of time remaining on battery by the operating system. Apple addressed the latter by hiding the display of estimated battery time remaining entirely in a macOS update.[162][163] Consumer Reports did not initially recommend the 2016 MacBook Pro models, citing inconsistent and unpredictable battery life in its lab testing (which involves the consecutive loading of multiple websites). However, Apple and Consumer Reports found that the results had been affected by a bug caused by disabling caching in Safari's developer tools. Consumer Reports performed the tests again with a patched macOS, and retracted its original assessment.[164][165]

text: Reliability and repairability[edit]

text: iFixit gave the models score of 1 out of 10 for repairability, noting that memory, the processor, and flash storage are soldered to the logic board, while the battery is glued to the case. The entire assembly uses proprietary pentalobe screws and cannot be disassembled with standard tools.[150]

text:
A report by AppleInsider has claimed that the updated butterfly keyboard fails twice as often as previous models, often due to particles stuck beneath the keys.[166] Repairs for stuck keys have been estimated to cost more than $700.[167] In May 2018,
two class action lawsuits were filed against Apple regarding the keyboard issue with one alleging a "constant threat of nonresponsive keys and accompanying keyboard failure" and accusing Apple of not alerting consumers to the issue.[168][169] In June 2018, Apple announced a Service Program to "service eligible MacBook and MacBook Pro keyboards, free of charge".[170] The 2018 models added a membrane underneath keys to prevent malfunction from dust.[171]

text: Testing on the 2018 Core i9 15-inch model shows thermal throttling slows performance, according to PC Magazine "the Core i9 processor Apple chose to use inside the MacBook Pro (i9-8950K) has a base clock frequency of 2.9GHz, which is capable of bursting up to 4.8GHz when necessary. However, testing carried out by YouTuber Dave Lee makes it clear the Core i9 can't even maintain 2.9GHz, let alone 4.8GHz. In fact, it ends up running at 2.2GHz due to the heat generated inside the chassis forcing it to throttle... This isn't a problem with Intel's Core i9, it's Apple's thermal solution."[172] On July 24, Apple released a software fix for the new 2018 Macbook Pros which addressed the thermal throttling issue. Apple said "there is a missing digital key in the firmware that impacts the thermal management system and could drive clock speeds down under heavy thermal loads on the new MacBook Pro".[173]

text: Battery swelling issues[edit]

text: A "limited number" of 13-inch MacBook Pro units without Touch Bar, manufactured between October 2016 and October 2017, may have the built-in battery expanded, which is also known as "swelling". Apple initiated a free replacement program for eligible units.[174]

text: Other issues[edit]

text: Some users are reporting kernel panics on 2018 MacBook Pro units. The T2 chip may be to blame for this issue. Apple is already aware of the issue and performing an investigation.[175]

text: Technical specifications[edit]

text:
Discontinued

Current

text:
hideTable of fourth generation MacBook Pro models

Component

Intel Core i5, Core i7, Core i9

Model

Late 2016

Mid 2017

Mid 2017

Mid 2018

Model Name

13-inch, Two Thunderbolt 3 Ports [176]

13-inch, with Touch Bar [177]

15-inch, with Touch Bar [178]

13-inch, Two Thunderbolt 3 Ports [179]

13-inch, with Touch Bar [180]

15-inch, with Touch Bar [181]

13-inch, with Touch Bar [182]

15-inch, with Touch Bar [182]

Release date

October 27, 2016 [183]

November 12, 2016[184]

June 5, 2017

July 12, 2018 [185]

Model number(s)

MLL42LL/A or MLUQ2LL/A

MLH12LL/A or MLVP2LL/A or MNQF2LL/A or MNQG2LL/A

MLH32LL/A or MLH42LL/A or MLW72LL/A or MLW82LL/A

MPXQ2LL/A or MPXR2LL/A or MPXT2LL/A or MPXU2LL/A

MPXV2LL/A or MPXW2LL/A or MPXX2LL/A or MPXY2LL/A

MPTR2LL/A or MPTT2LL/A or MPTU2LL/A or MPTV2LL/A

MR9Q2LL/A or MR9R2LL/A or MR9T2LL/A or MR9U2LL/A or MR9V2LL/A

MR932LL/A or MR942LL/A or MR952LL/A or  MR962LL/A or MR972LL/A

Model Identifier(s)

MacBookPro13,1 (A1708)

MacBookPro13,2 (A1706)

MacBookPro13,3 (A1707)

MacBookPro14,1 (A1708)

MacBookPro14,2 (A1706)

MacBookPro14,3 (A1707)

MacBookPro15,2 (A1989)

MacBookPro15,1 (A1990)

LED-backlit widescreen glossy Retina Display

13.3”, 2,560 × 1,600 (16:10), 227 ppi with Wide colour (P3) gamut, 500-nits[186] (13")

13.3”, 2,560 × 1,600 (16:10), 227 ppi with Wide colour (P3) gamut, 500-nits[186] , True Tone display(13")

15.4”, 2,880 × 1,800 (16:10), 220 ppi with Wide colour (P3) gamut, 500-nits (15”)

15.4”, 2,880 × 1,800 (16:10), 220 ppi with Wide colour (P3) gamut, 500-nits, True Tone display(15”)

Video camera

FaceTime HD (720p)

Processor

2.0 GHz dual-core Intel Core i5 Skylake (6360U), up to 3.1 GHz, 4 MB L3 cache[187]
Optional 2.4 GHz i7-6660U, up to 3.4 GHz, 4 MB L3 cache[188]

2.9 GHz dual-core Intel Core i5 Skylake (6267U), up to 3.3 GHz, 4 MB L3 cache[189]
Optional 3.1 GHz i5-6287U, up to 3.5 GHz, 4 MB L3 cache[190]Optional 3.3 GHz i7-6567U, up to 3.6 GHz, 4 MB L3 cache[191]

2.6 GHz quad-core Intel Core i7 Skylake (6700HQ), up to 3.5 GHz, 6 MB L3 cache[192]
2.7 GHz quad-core Intel Core i7 Skylake (6820HQ), up to 3.6 GHz, 8MB L3 cache[193]
Optional 2.9 GHz i7-6920HQ, up to 3.8 GHz, 8 MB L3 cache[194]

2.3 GHz dual-core Intel Core i5 Kaby Lake (7360U), up to 3.6 GHz, 4 MB L3 cache
Optional 2.5 GHz i7-7660U, up to 4.0 GHz, 4 MB L3 cache

3.1 GHz dual-core Intel Core i5 Kaby Lake (7267U), up to 3.5 GHz, 4 MB L3 cache
Optional 3.3 GHz i5-7287U, up to 3.7 GHz, 4 MB L3 cacheOptional 3.5 GHz i7-7567U, up to 4.0 GHz, 4 MB L3 cache

2.8 GHz quad-core Intel Core i7 Kaby Lake (7700HQ), up to 3.8 GHz, 6 MB L3 cache
2.9 GHz quad-core Intel Core i7 Kaby Lake (7820HQ), up to 3.9 GHz, 8MB L3 cache[195]
Optional 3.1 GHz i7-7920HQ, up to 4.1 GHz, 8 MB L3 cache

2.3 GHz quad-core Intel Core i5 Coffee Lake (8259U), up to 3.8 GHz, 6 MB L3 cache[196]
Optional 2.7 GHz i7-8559U, up to 4.5 GHz, 8 MB L3 cache[197]

2.2 GHz six-core Intel Core i7 Coffee Lake (8750H), up to 4.1 GHz, 9 MB L3 cache[198]
2.6 GHz six-core Intel Core i7 Coffee Lake (8850H), up to 4.3 GHz, 9 MB L3 cache[199]
Optional 2.9 GHz i9-8950HK, up to 4.8 GHz, 12 MB L3 cache[200]

System bus

4 GT/s OPI (On Package DMI 3.0 interconnect Interface) (Max. theoretical bandwidth: 4 GB/s)[201]

8 GT/s DMI 3.0 (Max. theoretical bandwidth: 3.94 GB/s)[201]

4 GT/s OPI (On Package DMI 3.0 interconnect Interface) (Max. theoretical bandwidth: 4 GB/s)

8 GT/s DMI 3.0 (Max. theoretical bandwidth: 3.94 GB/s)

4 GT/s OPI (On Package DMI 3.0 interconnect Interface) (Max. theoretical bandwidth: 4 GB/s)

8 GT/s DMI 3.0 (Max. theoretical bandwidth: 3.94 GB/s)

Memory

8 GB built-in onboard RAM (not upgradeable)
Optional 16 GB RAM configuration available at time of purchase only

16 GB built-in onboard RAM (not upgradeable)

8 GB built-in onboard RAM (not upgradeable)
Optional 16 GB RAM configuration available at time of purchase only

16 GB built-in onboard RAM (not upgradeable)

8 GB built-in onboard RAM (not upgradeable)
Optional 16 GB RAM configuration available at time of purchase only

16 GB built-in onboard RAM (not upgradeable)
Optional 32 GB RAM configuration available at time of purchase only

1866 MHz PC3-14900 LPDDR3 SDRAM

2133 MHz PC3-17000 LPDDR3 SDRAM

2400 MHz PC4-19200 DDR4 SDRAM

Graphics

Intel Iris Graphics 540 with LPDDR3 SDRAM shared with main memory

Intel Iris Graphics 550 with LPDDR3 SDRAM shared with main memory

Intel HD Graphics 530
AMD Radeon Pro 450 with 2 GB of GDDR5 memory and automatic graphics switching (2.6 GHz)
Configurable to Radeon Pro 455 with 2 GB of GDDR5 memory, or Pro 460 with 4 GB of GDDR5 memory

Intel Iris Plus Graphics 640 with LPDDR3 SDRAM shared with main memory

Intel Iris Plus Graphics 650 with LPDDR3 SDRAM shared with main memory

Intel HD Graphics 630
AMD Radeon Pro 555 with 2 GB of GDDR5 memory and automatic graphics switching (2.8 GHz)
Configurable to Radeon Pro 560 with 4 GB of GDDR5 memory

Intel Iris Plus Graphics 655 with LPDDR3 SDRAM shared with main memory

Intel UHD Graphics 630
AMD Radeon Pro 555X with 4 GB of GDDR5 memory and automatic graphics switching (2.2 GHz)
Configurable to Radeon Pro 560X with 4 GB of GDDR5 memory

Intel HD Graphics 530
AMD Radeon Pro 455 with 2 GB of GDDR5 memory and automatic graphics switching (2.7 GHz)
Configurable to Radeon Pro 460 with 4 GB of GDDR5 memory

Intel HD Graphics 630
AMD Radeon Pro 560 with 4 GB of GDDR5 memory and automatic graphics switching (2.9 GHz)

Intel UHD Graphics 630
AMD Radeon Pro 560X with 4 GB of GDDR5 memory and automatic graphics switching (2.6 GHz)

Storage[note 4]

256 GB or 512 GB or 1 TB SSD[202]

256 GB built-in SSD (not upgradeable)

256 GB SSD. Configurable to 512 GB, 1 TB or 2 TB SSD (not upgradeable) (2.6 GHz)

128 GB or 256 GB or 512 GB or 1 TB SSD[203]

256 GB or 512 GB or 1 TB SSD (not upgradeable)

256 GB or 512 GB or 1 TB or 2 TB built-in SSD (not upgradeable) (2.8 GHz)

256 GB or 512 GB or 1 TB or 2 TB (not upgradable)

256 GB or 512 GB or 1 TB or 2 TB or 4 TB built-in SSD (not upgradeable) (2.2 GHz)

512 GB or 1 TB built-in SSD (not upgradeable)

512 GB SSD. Configurable to 1 TB or 2 TB SSD (not upgradeable) (2.7 GHz)

512 GB or 1 TB or 2 TB built-in SSD (not upgradeable) (2.9 GHz)

512 GB or 1 TB or 2 TB or 4 TB built-in SSD (not upgradeable) (2.6 GHz)

NVMe/PCIe 3.0 ×4 8.0 GT/s (31.5 Gbit/s)

Wi-Fi

Integrated 802.11a/b/g/n/ac, up to 867 Mbit/s (13" w/o Touch Bar) or 1.3 Gbit/s (13" and 15" w/ Touch Bar)

Bluetooth

Bluetooth 4.2 wireless technology

Bluetooth 5.0 wireless technology

Peripheral connections

Thunderbolt 3  (USB-C)Two ports supporting two 4096x2304 displays or one 5120x2880 (MST) display (13" w/o Touch Bar)Four ports, two left-hand ports for full performance, supporting two 4096x2304 displays or one 5120x2880 (MST) display (13" w/ Touch Bar 2016 - 2017)Four ports full performance[204], supporting two 4096x2304 displays or one 5120x2880 (MST) display[205] (13" w/ Touch Bar 2018 onwards)Four ports via two controllers[206] supporting four 4096x2304 displays or two 5120x2880 (MST) displays (15")

Supports charging, DisplayPort 1.2, Thunderbolt (up to 40 Gbit/s) and USB 3.1 gen 2 (up to 10 Gbit/s)

3.5 mm audio line out (analog), multiple microphones, stereo speakers with high dynamic range

Battery (lithium polymer, non-removable)

54.5 Wh (13" w/o Touch Bar)

49.2 Wh (13", with Touch Bar)

58.0 Wh (13", with Touch Bar)

76 Wh (15")

83.6 Wh (15")

up to 10 hours use (wireless web, iTunes film playback); 30 days standby time[186]

Weight

3.02 lb (1.37 kg) (13")

4.02 lb (1.83 kg) (15")

Dimensions

11.97 in (30.41 cm) wide × 8.36 in (21.24 cm) deep × 0.59 in (1.49 cm) high (13")

13.75 in (34.93 cm) wide × 9.48 in (24.07 cm) deep × 0.61 in (1.55 cm) high (15")

text: Software and operating systems[edit]

text: The macOS operating system has been pre-installed on all MacBook Pros since release, starting with version 10.4.4 (Tiger).[2] Along with OS X, iLife has also shipped with all systems, beginning with iLife '06.[2]

text: The MacBook Pro comes with the successor to BIOS, Extensible Firmware Interface (EFI) 1.1. EFI handles booting differently from BIOS-based computers,[207] but provides backwards compatibility, allowing dual and triple boot configurations. In addition to OS X, the Microsoft Windows operating system is installable on Intel x86-based Apple computers. Officially, this is limited to both 32-bit and 64-bit versions of Windows XP, Vista, 7, 8, and 10 with the necessary hardware drivers included with the Boot Camp software.[76][208] Other x86 operating systems such as Linux are also unofficially supported.[209] This is made possible by the presence of the Intel architecture as provided by the CPU and the BIOS emulation Apple has provided on top of EFI.[210][211]

text: As the MacBook Pro uses a different hardware platform from earlier PowerPC (PPC)-based Macintoshes, versions of OS X prior to Lion can run PPC applications only via the Rosetta emulator, which exacts some performance penalty, cannot emulate some lower-level PPC code, and does not support 64-bit (G5 specific) PPC features.[212] Rosetta is not present in Lion and later, so PPC applications cannot be run under those versions of OS X.[213]

text: Timeline of the MacBook family


document_title: Soweto uprising

question_text: how many students were killed in the soweto uprising

root

text: Soweto uprising

text: Causes of the protests[edit]

text: Black South African high school students in Soweto protested against the Afrikaans Medium Decree of 1974, which forced all black schools to use Afrikaans and English in a 50–50 mix as languages of instruction.[7] The Regional Director of Bantu Education (Northern Transvaal Region), J.G. Erasmus, told Circuit Inspectors and Principals of Schools that from 1 January 1975, Afrikaans had to be used for mathematics, arithmetic, and social studies from standard five (7th grade), according to the Afrikaans Medium Decree; English would be the medium of instruction for general science and practical subjects (homecraft, needlework, woodwork, metalwork, art, agricultural science).[7] Indigenous languages would only be used for religious instruction, music, and physical culture.[8]

tag: p

text: The association of Afrikaans with apartheid prompted black South Africans to prefer English. Even the Bantustan regimes chose English and an indigenous African language as official languages. In addition, English was gaining prominence as the language most often used in commerce and industry. The 1974 decree was intended to forcibly reverse the decline of Afrikaans among black Africans. The Afrikaner-dominated government used the clause of the 1909 Union of South Africa Act that recognised only English and Dutch (the latter being replaced by Afrikaans in 1925) as official languages as the pretext to do so.[9] While all schools had to provide instruction in both Afrikaans and English as languages, white South African students learned other subjects in their home language.

text: Punt Janson, the Deputy Minister of Bantu Education at the time, was quoted as saying: "A Black man may be trained to work on a farm or in a factory. He may work for an employer who is either English-speaking or Afrikaans-speaking and the man who has to give him instructions may be either English-speaking or Afrikaans-speaking. Why should we now start quarrelling about the medium of instruction among the Black people as well? ... No, I have not consulted them and I am not going to consult them. I have consulted the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa …"[10]

text: The decree was resented deeply by blacks, because Afrikaans was widely viewed—in the words of Desmond Tutu, bishop of Lesotho and later Dean of Johannesburg—as "the language of the oppressor". Teacher organisations, such as the African Teachers Association of South Africa, objected to the decree.[11] A change in language of instruction forced the students to focus on understanding the language instead of the subject material. This made critical analysis of the content difficult and discouraged critical thinking.[12]

text: The resentment grew until 30 April 1976, when children at Orlando West Junior School in Soweto went on strike, refusing to go to school. Their rebellion then spread to many other schools in Soweto. Black South African students protested because they believed that they deserved to be treated and taught equally to white South Africans. A student from Morris Isaacson High School, Teboho "Tsietsi" Mashinini, proposed a meeting on 13 June 1976 to discuss what should be done. Students formed an Action Committee (later known as the Soweto Students' Representative Council),[13] which organised a mass rally for 16 June, to make themselves heard.

text: Uprising[edit]

text: On the morning of 16 June 1976, between 10,000 and 20,000[14] black students walked from their schools to Orlando Stadium for a rally to protest against having to learn through Afrikaans in school. Many students who later participated in the protest arrived at school that morning without prior knowledge of the protest, yet agreed to become involved. The protest was planned by the Soweto Students' Representative Council's (SSRC) Action Committee,[15] with support from the wider Black Consciousness Movement. Teachers in Soweto also supported the march after the Action Committee emphasised good discipline and peaceful action.

text: Tsietsi Mashinini led students from Morris Isaacson High School to join up with others who walked from Naledi High School.[16] The students began the march only to find out that police had barricaded the road along their intended route. The leader of the action committee asked the crowd not to provoke the police and the march continued on another route, eventually ending up near Orlando High School.[17] The crowd of between 3,000 and 10,000 students made their way towards the area of the school. Students sang and waved placards with slogans such as, "Down with Afrikaans", "Viva Azania" and "If we must do Afrikaans, Vorster must do Zulu".[18]

text: The police set their dog on the protesters, who responded by killing it.[19] The police then began to shoot directly at the children.

text: Among the first students to be shot dead were 15 year old Hastings Ndlovu and 13 year old Hector Pieterson, who were shot at Orlando West High School.[20] The photographer Sam Nzima took a photograph of a dying Hector Pieterson as he was carried away by Mbuyisa Makhubo and accompanied by his sister, Antoinette Sithole. The photograph became the symbol of the Soweto uprising. The police attacks on the demonstrators continued and 23 people died on the first day in Soweto. Among them was Dr Melville Edelstein, who had devoted his life to social welfare among blacks He was stoned to death by the mob and left with a sign around his neck proclaiming "Beware Afrikaners".[21]

text: The violence escalated, as bottle stores and beer halls—seen as outposts of the apartheid government—were targeted, as were the official outposts of the state. The violence abated by nightfall. Police vans and armoured vehicles patrolled the streets throughout the night.

text: Emergency clinics were swamped with injured and bloody children. The police requested that the hospital provide a list of all victims with bullet wounds to prosecute them for rioting. The hospital administrator passed this request to the doctors, but the doctors refused to create the list. Doctors recorded bullet wounds as abscesses.[13][20]

text: The 1,500 heavily armed police officers deployed to Soweto on 17 June carried weapons including automatic rifles, stun guns, and carbines.[13] They drove around in armoured vehicles with helicopters monitoring the area from the sky. The South African Army was also ordered on standby as a tactical measure to show military force. Crowd control methods used by South African police at the time included mainly dispersement techniques.

text: Casualties[edit]

text: The number of people who died is usually given as 176 with estimates up to 700.[4] The original government figure claimed only 23 students were killed;[22] the number of wounded was estimated to be over a thousand people.

text: Aftermath[edit]

text: This section does not cite any sources. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (February 2008) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

tag: table

text: The aftermath of the uprising established the leading role of the ANC in the anti-apartheid struggle, as it was the body best able to channel and organise students seeking the end of apartheid. So, although the BCM's ideas had been important in creating the climate that gave the students the confidence to strike out, it was the ANC's non-racialism which came to dominate the discourse of the anti-apartheid movement amongst blacks. The perspectives set out in Joe Slovo's essay No Middle Road – written at just this time and predicting the apartheid government had only the choice between more repression and overthrow by the revolutionaries – were highly influential.[23]

text: The clashes also occurred at a time when the South African Government was being forced to "transform" apartheid in international eyes towards a more "benign" form. In October 1976, Transkei, the first Bantustan, was proclaimed "independent" by the South African Government. This attempt to showcase supposed South African "commitment" to self-determination backfired, however, when Transkei was internationally derided as a puppet state.

text: For the state the uprising marked the most fundamental challenge yet to apartheid and the economic (see below) and political instability it caused was heightened by the strengthening international boycott. It was a further 14 years before Nelson Mandela was released, but at no point was the state able to restore the relative peace and social stability of the early 1970s as black resistance grew.

text: Many white South African citizens were outraged at the government's actions in Soweto, and about 300 white students from the University of the Witwatersrand marched through Johannesburg's city centre in protest of the killing of children. Black workers went on strike as well and joined them as the campaign progressed. Riots also broke out in the black townships of other cities in South Africa.

text: Student organisations directed the energy and anger of the youth toward political resistance. Students in Thembisa organised a successful and non-violent solidarity march, but a similar protest held in Kagiso led to police stopping a group of participants and forcing them to retreat, before killing at least five people while waiting for reinforcements. The violence only died down on 18 June. The University of Zululand's records and administration buildings were set ablaze, and 33 people died in incidents in Port Elizabeth in August. In Cape Town 92 people died between August and September.

text: Most of the bloodshed had abated by the close of 1976, but by that time the death toll stood at more than 600.

text: The continued clashes in Soweto caused economic instability. The South African rand devalued fast and the government was plunged into a crisis.

text: The African National Congress printed and distributed leaflets with the slogan "Free Mandela, Hang Vorster", immediately linking the language issue to its revolutionary heritage and programme and helping establish its leading role (see Baruch Hirson's "Year of Fire, Year of Ash" for a discussion of the ANC's ability to channel and direct the popular anger).

text: International reaction[edit]

text: The United Nations Security Council passed Resolution 392 which strongly condemned the incident and the apartheid government.[24]

text: A week after the uprising began, Henry Kissinger, the United States Secretary of State, met the South African State President, B. J. Vorster in West Germany to discuss the situation in Rhodesia, but the Soweto uprising did not feature in their discussions.[25] Kissinger and Vorster met again in Pretoria in September 1976, with students in Soweto and elsewhere protesting his visit, and being fired on by police.[26]

text: African National Congress (ANC) exiles called for international action and more economic sanctions against South Africa.[citation needed]

text: In the media[edit]

text: Images of the riots spread all over the world, shocking millions. The photograph of Hector Pieterson's dead body, as captured by photojournalist Sam Nzima, caused outrage and brought down international condemnation on the Apartheid government.

text: The Soweto riots are depicted in the 1987 film by director Richard Attenborough, Cry Freedom, and in the 1992 musical film Sarafina!. The riots also inspired the novel A Dry White Season by Andre Brink, and a 1989 movie of the same title. The Soweto uprising also featured in the 2003 film Stander about notorious bank robber and former police captain, Andre Stander. The lyrics of the song "Soweto Blues" by Hugh Masekela and Miriam Makeba describe the Soweto Uprising and the children's part in it.[27]

text: Radio[edit]

text: 20 years after the uprising, in June 1996, the Ulwazi Educational Radio Project of Johannesburg compiled an hour-long radio documentary portraying the events of 16 June entirely from the perspective of people living in Soweto at the time.[28] Many of the students who planned or joined the uprising took part, as did other witnesses, including photographer Peter Magubane, reporter Sophie Tema, and Tim Wilson, the white doctor who pronounced Hector Pieterson dead in Baragwanath hospital. The programme was broadcast on SABC and on a number of local radio stations throughout South Africa. The following year, BBC Radio 4 and BBC World Service broadcast a revised version containing fresh interviews and entitled The Day Apartheid Died.[29] The programme was runner-up at the 1998 European Community Humanitarian Office (ECHO) TV & Radio Awards and also at the 1998 Media Awards of the One World International Broadcasting Trust, and was highly commended at the 1998 Prix Italia radio awards. In May 1999, it was re-broadcast by BBC Radio 4 as The Death of Apartheid with a fresh introduction, providing added historical context for a British audience, by Anthony Sampson, former editor of Drum magazine and author of the authorised biography (1999) of Nelson Mandela. Sampson linked extracts from the BBC Sound Archive that charted the long struggle against apartheid from the Sharpeville massacre of 1960, through the riots of 1976 and the murder of Steve Biko, and right up to Mandela's release from prison in 1990 and the future president's speech in which he acknowledged the debt owed by all black South Africans to the students who gave their lives in Soweto on 16 June 1976.[30]