document_title: Gilmore Girls

question_text: who does rory have her first time with

question_tokens: who does rory have her first time with

text: Gilmore Girls

text: Premise[edit]

text: The series has two protagonists: witty "thirty-something" mother Lorelai Gilmore and her intellectual teenage daughter Rory. Their backstory is established early in the show: Lorelai grew up in Hartford with her old money parents, Richard and Emily, but always felt stifled by this environment. She accidentally became pregnant at age sixteen and left home a year later to raise Rory in the close-knit town of Stars Hollow. Lorelai found work and shelter at the Independence Inn, where she eventually progressed from maid to executive manager. Lorelai and Rory develop a very close relationship, living like best friends, and Lorelai is proud of the independent life she has formed away from her parents. In the pilot episode, she is forced to go to them when Rory is admitted to Chilton Preparatory School, but she cannot afford the tuition fees. Emily and Richard agree to provide a loan, so long as the girls join them every Friday night for dinner. This sets up the show's primary conflict, as the Gilmores are forced to face their differences and complicated past. The contrasting mother–daughter relationships of Emily–Lorelai and Lorelai–Rory become a defining theme of the show. Series creator Amy Sherman-Palladino has summarized the core of Gilmore Girls:

text: "I think the theme was always family and connection. I always felt like the underlying thing about Gilmore was that, if you happened to be born into a family that doesn’t really understand you, go out and make your own. That’s what Lorelai did. She went out and she made her own family. The ironic twist in her life is that then this daughter that she created this half family for, likes the family that she left. It was a cycle of crazy family."[3]

text: The series also focuses on both girls' ambition: Rory to attend an Ivy League college and become a journalist, and Lorelai to open an inn with her best friend Sookie St. James. The romantic relationships of the protagonists are another key feature; throughout the series Lorelai has a "will-they-won't-they" dynamic with her friend, local diner owner Luke Danes, while also harboring unresolved feelings for Rory's father, Christopher Hayden. Rory has three boyfriends during the run of the show - local boy Dean Forrester, mysterious, well read bad boy Jess Mariano, and wealthy charismatic  Logan Huntzberger. The quirky townspeople of Stars Hollow are a constant presence. Along with series-long and season-long arcs, Gilmore Girls is also episodic in nature, with mini-plots within each episode - such as a town festival, an issue at Lorelai's inn, or a school project of Rory's.

text: Synopsis[edit]

text: SeasonEpisodesOriginally airedFirst airedLast airedNetwork121October 5, 2000 (2000-10-05)May 10, 2001 (2001-05-10)The WB222October 9, 2001 (2001-10-09)May 21, 2002 (2002-05-21)322September 24, 2002 (2002-09-24)May 20, 2003 (2003-05-20)422September 23, 2003 (2003-09-23)May 18, 2004 (2004-05-18)522September 21, 2004 (2004-09-21)May 17, 2005 (2005-05-17)622September 13, 2005 (2005-09-13)May 9, 2006 (2006-05-09)722September 26, 2006 (2006-09-26)May 15, 2007 (2007-05-15)The CW

text: Season 1[edit]

text: Rory has a difficult time settling in at Chilton, struggling to match the demands of private school and attracting the fury of classmate Paris Geller, her academic rival. She meets her first boyfriend, Dean, but the pair break up when Rory doesn't reciprocate his, "I love you". She is also pursued by arrogant Chilton student Tristin, but she has little interest. After being romantically pursued by Rory's teacher, Max Medina, Lorelai decides with a conflicted heart to give the relationship a chance. This dynamic creates some tension between Lorelai and Rory.  At the same time, she has a close friendship with the local diner owner, Luke Danes, and several people comment on their mutual attraction—but Lorelai is in denial and Luke doesn't act on it. Rory's father, Christopher Hayden, returns and also wants Lorelai but she tells him he is too immature for a family. All the while, Lorelai struggles to adjust to having her parents in her life on a regular basis. Emily and Richard enjoy developing a relationship with their granddaughter, but also realize how much they have missed. The season ends with Rory reuniting with Dean, and Max proposing to Lorelai.

text: Season 2[edit]

text: Lorelai accepts Max's proposal, but realises shortly before the wedding that it isn't right and they break up. She and Sookie get excited about opening their own business at the dilapidated Dragonfly Inn but the owner refuses to sell. Sookie gets engaged to Jackson Belleville, a local farmer. Luke's teenage nephew, Jess Mariano, comes to live under his care. Jess is sullen and angry with everyone apart from Rory. The two strike up a friendship, causing jealousy in Dean. Lorelai is disapproving, especially when they are in a car accident, which leads to a blow-up with Luke. Richard announces that he has retired but soon becomes bored and sets up his own insurance company. Christopher appears to have his life together and Lorelai decides to reunite with him. But at Sookie's wedding Christopher learns that his recently estranged fiancé is pregnant and decides to return to her, leaving Lorelai heartbroken. At the same time, Rory impulsively kisses Jess.

text: Season 3[edit]

text: Rory's attraction to Jess grows stronger, and she gets jealous when he teases her with a new girlfriend. Dean can't ignore what is going on, and eventually ends their relationship. Rory and Jess immediately become a couple. Meanwhile, she and Paris spend the year as Student Body Presidents at Chilton and both submit applications to Harvard University. Paris is devastated when she doesn't get in. Rory is accepted but decides to attend Yale University instead, much to Emily and Richard's delight. The Independence Inn is badly damaged in a fire, but Lorelai and Sookie are able to buy the Dragonfly when its elderly owner dies. Jess tries to force Rory to have sex with him, which lead to a fight between Dean and Jess. Luke begins dating a lawyer named Nicole. Lane Kim, Rory's best friend, starts a band called Hep Alien and tries to convince her strict mother to let her date the guitarist, Dave, while keeping the band secret. As the season ends, Jess abruptly leaves Stars Hollow to track down his estranged father in California, and Rory graduates High School as valedictorian.

text: Season 4[edit]

text: Rory starts her college education at Yale, with Paris - now a friend - as her roommate. Both start working for the Yale Daily News. Rory is surprised when Dean quickly marries his new girlfriend. The pair grow closer again over the season, leading Rory to turn down Jess when he returns and declares his love. Lorelai spends the season renovating the Dragonfly Inn in preparation for its open, along with Sookie and their colleague Michel. She also begins a relationship with Richard's new business partner, Jason Stiles, which she keeps secret from her parents. Lane's mother learns about Hep Alien and throws her out of the house. Sookie and Jackson have a son. Emily feels neglected by Richard and the two separate, with Richard moving into the poolhouse. Luke and Nicole elope during a cruise, but quickly decide to divorce. Towards the end of the season, Luke accepts that he is in love with Lorelai and begins wooing her. The pair finally kiss on the Dragonfly's opening night, while Rory loses her virginity to a married Dean.

text: Season 5[edit]

text: Lorelai and Luke start a relationship. Emily and Richard - who reunite and renew their wedding vows - disapprove, and Emily interferes by telling Christopher to try and win her back. Luke feels overwhelmed, resulting in a brief separation between him and Lorelai and a rift between Lorelai and Emily. Rory tries to have another relationship with Dean, now separated from his wife, but it soon ends when he realizes how different their lives are. She falls for Logan Huntzberger, a wealthy playboy Yale student whose parents think she is beneath him. Lane and Paris both start relationships: the former with her bandmate Zack, the latter with Yale Daily News editor Doyle. Sookie has a daughter. Rory gets an internship at Logan's father's newspaper but is deflated when he tells her she "doesn't have it." She and Logan are arrested for stealing a yacht, after which Rory announces that she is quitting Yale and moves in with Emily and Richard. When Lorelai sees how supportive Luke is over the situation, she asks him to marry her.

text: Season 6[edit]

text: Lorelai is devastated by Rory's actions but insists that she can't force her back to Yale: it's a decision Rory must make for herself. Mother and daughter don't speak for six months. Rory has to complete community service and Emily gets her a job with the DAR. Richard becomes concerned but eventually, after encouragement from Jess, Rory returns to Yale and reunites with Lorelai. She replaces Paris as editor of the Yale Daily News, which causes issues in their friendship, and after a short separation from Logan the relationship gets serious. Rory is crushed when Logan's father sends him to work in London. Hep Alien disband then come back together; Lane and Zack get married. Lorelai plans a wedding with Luke, but things get difficult when Luke learns that he has a 12-year-old daughter named April. He starts building a relationship with her but keeps Lorelai separate. Lorelai tries to accept this but eventually snaps and issues him an ultimatum. When he doesn't agree to elope, Lorelai goes to Christopher.

text: Season 7[edit]

text: Lorelai and Luke officially split when she tells him she slept with Christopher. Before much time had passed, Christopher convinces Lorelai to try a relationship. The pair spontaneously marry during a trip in Paris, but Lorelai soon accepts that it isn't right and they split amicably. Luke has a custody battle over April, after her mother moves them to New Mexico, and wins the right to see her during holidays. Lane and Zack have twins, and Sookie becomes pregnant again. Rory completes her final year of college. She and Logan spend half the season in a long-distance relationship until he eventually moves back to Connecticut. He proposes, but Rory says that she wants to keep her options open, which leads to their separation. She panics about what she will do after graduating; following some rejection, she gets a job reporting on the Barack Obama campaign trail. Stars Hollow throws a surprise goodbye party for Rory. When Lorelai finds out that Luke organized it, the pair reconcile with a kiss. Lorelai promises Emily that she will continue attending Friday Night Dinners. Before Lorelai and Rory have to say goodbye, they have one last breakfast at Luke's Diner.

text: A Year in the Life[edit]

text: Nine years after the end of the original series, Netflix produced a much awaited sequel to Gilmore Girls. In this short, four episode revival, Rory is struggling in her journalism career and having a no-strings-attached, secret affair with Logan in London, while technically having a boyfriend named Paul that she often forgets about. While Logan is engaged to be married the two of them can't seem to stay apart. Lorelai and Luke live together but are still having communication problems. Richard has recently died of a heart attack, which causes tension between Lorelai and Emily and they end up in joint therapy. Lorelai starts to question her life, so travels to California with intentions to hike the Pacific Crest Trail, where she has an epiphany: she fixes the rift with Emily by recounting a happy story about Richard, and goes home to propose to Luke. Emily decides to sell the Gilmore mansion and move to Nantucket, where she starts working in a museum. After encouragement from Jess, Rory decides to write a book about her life called "Gilmore Girls". After Luke and Lorelai marry, Rory tells her mom that she is pregnant and the father is left unknown.

text: Many of the original cast returned for the revival, including Milo Ventimiglia, who plays Jess, however he reportedly told USA Today afterwards that, "I hear rumors that they're bringing back everything that I've ever been a part of... I think it's exciting. At times, though, I think it's too much. There are more stories to tell with a lot of these characters, but at the same time some of these characters for some of us actors are more than a decade in the past. It was exciting going back to Gilmore Girls for the four Netflix movies, but I'm satisfied with it(.) I think the stories were told. I think it was great for the audience and fans to get just one small taste of that world again. But, at the same time, I think people should not get so greedy."

text: Cast and characters[edit]

text: Main[edit]

text:
Lauren Graham as Lorelai Gilmore: Independent single-mom who runs an inn and loves pop-culture and coffee.
Alexis Bledel as Rory Gilmore: Precocious and driven single-child of Lorelai, age 16 at the start of the show.
Scott Patterson as Luke Danes: Grouchy but kind-hearted diner owner; Lorelai's friend and eventual love interest.
Kelly Bishop as Emily Gilmore: Matriarch of the Gilmore family, who lives as a high society housewife.
Melissa McCarthy as Sookie St. James: Lorelai's chirpy best friend and chef/co-owner at the inn. (main seasons 1-7; guest AYITL)
Keiko Agena as Lane Kim: Rory's best friend, who secretly defies her strict mother and forms a rock band. (main seasons 1-7, AYITL)
Yanic Truesdale as Michel Gerard: The grumpy French concierge at Lorelai and Sookie's inn. (main seasons 1-7; recurring AYITL)
Edward Herrmann as Richard Gilmore: Intellectual patriarch of the Gilmore family, who works in insurance. (main seasons 1-7)[a]
Liza Weil as Paris Geller: Rory's feisty nemesis and eventual friend throughout high school and college. (main seasons 2-7; recurring season 1, AYITL)
Jared Padalecki as Dean Forester: Rory's season 1–3 boyfriend, who moved to Stars Hollow from Chicago. (main seasons 2-3; recurring seasons 1, 4-5; guest AYITL)
Sean Gunn as Kirk Gleason:[b] Quirky resident of Stars Hollow who works numerous jobs around the town. (main seasons 3-7; recurring seasons 1-2, AYITL)
Milo Ventimiglia as Jess Mariano: Luke's troubled nephew who falls for Rory and becomes an intense but short-lived boyfriend. (main seasons 2–3; recurring season 4; guest seasons 6, AYITL)
Chris Eigeman as Jason Stiles: Lorelai's season 4 boyfriend and Richard's business partner. (main season 4, guest AYITL)
Matt Czuchry as Logan Huntzberger: Rory's season 5–7 boyfriend, the heir of a New York Times-esque publishing family resembling that of the Ochs-Sulzberger family. (main seasons 6-7; recurring season 5, AYITL)

text: Recurring[edit]

text:
Liz Torres as Miss Patty, the town dance teacher and gossip (seasons 1–AYITL)
Emily Kuroda as Mrs. Kim, Lane's strict Seventh-day Adventist mother (seasons 1–AYITL)
Sally Struthers as Babette Dell, Lorelai's eccentric neighbor and town gossip (seasons 1–AYITL)
Jackson Douglas as Jackson Belleville, Sookie's husband and a local farmer (seasons 1–AYITL)[c]
Michael Winters as Taylor Doose, the uptight town Selectman (seasons 1–AYITL)
David Sutcliffe as Christopher Hayden, Rory's father and Lorelai's on-off love interest (seasons 1–3; 5–AYITL)
Shelly Cole as Madeline Lynn, Rory's ditzy high school friend (seasons 1–4)
Teal Redmann as Louise Grant, Rory's ditzy high school friend (seasons 1–4)
Scott Cohen as Max Medina, Lorelai's season one boyfriend and brief fiance, and Rory's English teacher at Chilton (seasons 1–3)
Chad Michael Murray as Tristin DuGray, wealthy Chilton student who has a crush on Rory (seasons 1–2)
Rose Abdoo as Gypsy, the town mechanic[d] (seasons 2–AYITL)
Todd Lowe as Zach Van Gerbig, Lane's bandmate and eventual husband (seasons 3–AYITL)
John Cabrera as Brian Fuller, Lane's bandmate (seasons 3–AYITL)
Tricia O'Kelley as Nicole Leahy, Luke's season 3–4 girlfriend and short-term wife (seasons 3–4)
Adam Brody as Dave Rygalski, Lane's bandmate and season 3 boyfriend (season 3)
Sebastian Bach as Gil, Lane's bandmate (seasons 4–AYITL)
Danny Strong as Doyle McMaster, Paris's boyfriend and one-time editor of the Yale Daily News (seasons 4–AYITL)
Kathleen Wilhoite as Liz Danes, Luke's flighty sister and Jess's mother (seasons 4–7)
Michael DeLuise as TJ, Luke's dopey brother-in-law (seasons 4–7)
Wayne Wilcox as Marty, Rory's friend at Yale who has unrequited feelings for her (seasons 4–5; 7)
Alan Loayza as Colin McCrae, Logan's wealthy friend (seasons 5–6; AYITL)
Tanc Sade as Finn, Logan's wealthy friend (seasons 5–6; AYITL)
Gregg Henry as Mitchum Huntzberger, Logan's father and a newspaper mogul (seasons 5–AYITL)
Vanessa Marano as April Nardini, Luke's "long lost" adolescent daughter (seasons 6–AYITL)
Sherilyn Fenn as Anna Nardini, April's mother and Luke's ex-girlfriend[e] (seasons 6–7)
Carole King as Sophie Bloom, owner of the Sophie's Music shop (seasons 2,5,6,AYITL)

text: Production[edit]

text: Background[edit]

text:
"I sold it off of a line, ‘It’s [a] mother and daughter and they’re more like friends than mother and daughter.’ And they all perked up and literally said, ‘Great, we’ll buy that’. I walked out of there and turned to my manager at the time and said, ‘That’s all I got. I don’t know what the show is.’"
–Amy Sherman-Palladino on her initial pitch to The WB[5]

tag: div

text: Amy Sherman-Palladino, who came from a background of writing for half-hour sitcoms, had Gilmore Girls approved by The WB after several of her previous pitches were turned down. On a whim, she suggested a show about a mother and daughter but had put little thought into the idea.[5] Having to create a pilot, she drew inspiration for the show's setting of "Stars Hollow, Connecticut" after making a trip to Washington Depot, Connecticut, where she stayed at the Mayflower Inn. She explained: "If I can make people feel this much of what I felt walking around this fairy town, I thought that would be wonderful ... At the time I was there, it was beautiful, it was magical, and it was feeling of warmth and small-town camaraderie ... There was a longing for that in my own life, and I thought—that's something that I would really love to put out there."[6]

text: Once the setting was established, Gilmore Girls developed as a mixture of sitcom and family drama.[7] Sherman-Palladino's aim was to create "A family show that doesn't make parents want to stick something sharp in their eyes while they're watching it and doesn't talk down to kids."[8] She wanted the family dynamic to be important because "It’s a constant evolution ... You never run out of conflict."[9] The show's pace, dialogue, and focus on class divisions was heavily inspired by the screwball comedies of the 1930s and Katharine Hepburn–Spencer Tracy films.[10][11] Sherman-Palladino was also influenced by the "acerbic wit" of Dorothy Parker.[11]

text: The pilot episode of Gilmore Girls received financial support from the script development fund of the Family Friendly Programming Forum, which includes some of the nation's leading advertisers, making it one of the first network shows to reach the air with such funding.[12] The show was green-lit by The WB, and Sherman-Palladino proceeded to exercise control over all aspects of its production.[13] Her husband Daniel Palladino was a consultant and occasional writer for the first season, then agreed to quit his producer position on Family Guy to commit to Gilmore Girls; he became an executive producer with the second season, and also played a major role.[14] The show's third executive producer was Gavin Polone.

text: Casting[edit]

text: Alexis Bledel was cast in the key role of Rory despite having no previous acting experience. Sherman-Palladino was drawn to her shyness and innocence, which she said was essential for the character, and felt she photographed well.[15] Lauren Graham was pursued by the casting directors from the start of the process, but she was committed to another show on NBC. A week before shooting, they had still failed to cast Lorelai so they asked Graham to audition anyway. Sherman-Palladino cast her that day, on the hope that Graham's other show (M.Y.O.B.) would be cancelled, which it soon was.[16][17] She later explained how Graham met all the criteria she had been looking for: "Lorelai's a hard fucking part. You've got to be funny, you've got to talk really fucking fast, you've got to be able to act, you've got to be sexy, but not scary sexy. You've got to be strong, but not like 'I hate men'".[18] Graham and Bledel only met the night before they started filming the pilot.[5]

text: In casting the grandparents, Sherman-Palladino had veteran actor Edward Herrmann in mind for Richard and was delighted when he agreed. Kelly Bishop, a fellow New York stage actress, was cast straight after her audition; Sherman-Palladino recalled knowing immediately "and there's Emily".[16] The role of the Stars Hollow diner owner was originally a woman, but the network reported that they needed more men and Scott Patterson was cast as Luke. It was advertised as a guest role, but Patterson said he treated the pilot as "a chemistry test" and he was promptly promoted to series regular.[19]

text: In the pilot, Sookie was played by Alex Borstein but she could not be released from her Mad TV contract. She was therefore replaced by Melissa McCarthy, who re-filmed Sookie's scenes. The role of Dean also changed after the pilot, with the original actor replaced by newcomer Jared Padalecki. The character Lane was based on Sherman-Palladino's friend and fellow producer Helen Pai; Japanese-American actress Keiko Agena was cast in the role when they could not find an appropriate Korean-American actress. Liza Weil auditioned to play Rory, and while she was considered wrong for the part – Sherman-Palladino liked her so much that she wrote the role of Paris especially for her.[16][17]

text: Writing[edit]

text: Headed by Amy Sherman-Palladino and Daniel Palladino from seasons 1 to 6, Gilmore Girls had a small writing staff that changed regularly throughout the series. The Palladinos wrote a high percentage of episodes, and would review and rework the dialogue in episodes allocated to others. As such, the show is considered to have a distinctive "voice". Sherman-Palladino said "every draft either I write, or it passes through my hands ... so that there is a consistency of tone. It's very important that it feel like the same show every week, because it is so verbal."[20] The main job of the writers' room was to help develop storylines and create detailed episode outlines.[20][21] Notable writers who worked on the show at some point include Jenji Kohan, Bill Prady, Jane Espenson, Rebecca Rand Kirshner, and Janet Leahy.

text: As signalled by its tagline "Life's short. Talk fast", Gilmore Girls is known for its fast-paced dialogue and "witty repartee".[18][22][23] Sherman-Palladino wanted a snappy delivery from the characters because she believes that "comedy dies slow",[14] which required large volumes of dialogue to fill the hour-long time slot.[24] Scripts averaged 80 pages per episode, compared to an "hour-long" average of 55–60 pages, with one page translating to 20–25 seconds of screen time.[25][26]

text: Much of the dialogue is peppered with references to film, television shows, music, literature, and celebrity culture. The range of references is broad, summarised by critic Ken Tucker as "some cross between Mystery Science Theater 3000 and Ulysses".[27] Sherman-Palladino wanted the characters to speak this way as an indicator of their worldliness and intelligence, and to cater to a broad audience.[28] At the start, she argued with the network about the frequently old-fashioned references; when she refused to remove a comment about Oscar Levant, she felt the executives adopted an attitude of "Let the crazy woman dig her own grave."[18] The relative obscurity of some of the allusions resulted in explanatory "Gilmore-isms" booklets being included in the DVD sets of the first four seasons.[29]

text: In contrast to the rapid-fire dialogue, storylines on Gilmore Girls move slowly. Sherman-Palladino's motto was "make the small big, make the big small", which she learned from her days writing for Roseanne. She chose to be "very stingy with events", and the drama is low-key because "sometimes the average every day things are more impactful".[30] Key incidents often take place off-screen and are only revealed through character conversations, which journalist Constance Grady says is because "On Gilmore Girls, the explosion is never what matters: It’s the fallout."[22] The show similarly uses subtext rather than exposition, "where people will talk a great deal in order to obscure what they really mean to say".[22] The writers did not like moments to be overly sentimental, preferring characters to show love through actions and behavior.[16][22] Sherman-Palladino stated that the network did not interfere or request changes,[20][24] though there is speculation that she delivered scripts at the last minute to avoid their input.[31][f]

text: Sherman-Palladino treated Lorelai as a reflection of herself. Her husband commented: "Amy writing for Lorelai Gilmore has always been really special. No surprise, they’re kind of dopplegangers ... Amy and Lorelai are very, very similar. That character is a great cipher for a lot of what Amy is and has been, from the very beginning."[3]

text: Filming[edit]

text: The pilot episode was shot in the Toronto suburb of Unionville. The rest of the series was filmed at the Warner Bros. lot in Burbank, California. Exterior scenes of Stars Hollow, along with those at Luke's Diner and Miss Patty's dance studio, were all filmed on the backlot – with dozens of background actors utilized to make it look like a functioning town. Production designers regularly had to decorate the town square with fake leaves or fake snow to make it look like a New England fall or winter. Interiors of Lorelai's house and inn, and all scenes at Yale and the Gilmore mansion, were filmed on a sound stage.[33]  Very occasionally, the show was filmed on location. The exterior shots of Rory's preparatory school, Chilton, were filmed at Greystone Mansion in Beverly Hills, California.[34] Rory's visit to Harvard was filmed at UCLA, and her initial visit to Yale was filmed at Pomona College.[35][36]

text: Gilmore Girls relied on a master shot filming style, in which a scene is filmed to frame characters and their dialogue together within a long and uninterrupted, single take; often illustrated through another method regularly employed on the show, the walk and talk.[37] Sherman-Palladino explained "There's an energy and style to our show that's very simple, in my mind ... [it] almost needs to be shot like a play. That's how we get our pace, our energy, and our flow ... I don't think it could work any other way."[20]

text: It took eight working days to shoot an episode,[38] and days were regularly 14–20 hours long.[39] Lauren Graham said: "We filmed alongside The West Wing, and Aaron Sorkin shows are known for having the worst hours ever, they go on and on, but we were always there even after they had gone home, because you couldn't change a word of the script."[40] The cast were required to be word-perfect in all the scenes, while also reciting large amounts of dialogue at speed. Matt Czuchry, who had a main role for the final three seasons, commented "The pace of the dialogue was what made that show incredibly unique, and also incredibly difficult as an actor. To be able to maintain that speed, tone, and at the same time, try to make layered choices was a great experience to have early in my career. It really challenged me."[41] The combination of the difficult dialogue and long takes meant each scene had to be shot many times; Graham said in 2015: "never before or since have I done as many takes of anything".[42] Alexis Bledel recalled that one scene required 38 takes.[43] Graham added, "that show – as fun and breezy and light as it is – is technically really challenging".[42]

text: Music[edit]

text: Gilmore Girls' non-diegetic score was composed by singer-songwriter Sam Phillips throughout its entire run. Sherman-Palladino, who served as the music supervisor of the series, was a big fan of the musician and secured her involvement.[44] For the score's instrumental arrangement, Phillips primarily used her voice and an acoustic guitar, and on occasion included piano, violin, and drums. Many of the musical cues are accompanied by melodic "la-la"s and "ahh"s, which  developed because Sherman-Palladino wanted the score to sound connected to the girls themselves, almost like "an extension of their thoughts ... if they had music going in their head during a certain emotional thing in their life." Sherman-Palladino felt that the score elevated the series "because it wasn't a wasted element in the show. Everything was trying to say a little something, add a little something to it."[45] Several of Phillips' album tracks are also played in the show, and she made an appearance in the season six finale, performing part of "Taking Pictures".[46]

text: The theme song is a version of Carole King's 1971 song "Where You Lead". King made a new recording specially for Gilmore Girls: a duet with her daughter Louise Goffin. She was happy that it gave the song "a deeper meaning of love between a mother and her child".[47] King appeared in several episodes as Sophie, the town music shop owner, and performed a brief portion of her song "I Feel the Earth Move" in the revival.[48]

text: Music also plays a large part in the show as a frequent topic of conversation between characters and in live performances within scenes.[46] Musical acts who made appearances include The Bangles, Sonic Youth, Sparks, and The Shins (S04E17). Grant-Lee Phillips appears in at least one episode per season as the town's troubadour, singing his own songs and covers.[46] In 2002, a soundtrack to Gilmore Girls was released by Rhino Records, entitled Our Little Corner of the World: Music from Gilmore Girls. The CD booklet features anecdotes from show producers Amy Sherman-Palladino and Daniel Palladino about the large part music has played in their lives.

text: Developments[edit]

text: Change of showrunner[edit]

text: In 2006, the WB merged with UPN to form a new network, The CW. Gilmore Girls survived the merger, being selected as one of seven WB shows to be transferred for a new season, but it resulted in a significant change. In April that year, it was announced that Amy Sherman-Palladino and her husband Daniel could not come to an agreement with The CW and would be leaving the show when their contracts expired that summer.[49] Journalist Michael Ausiello said of the decision: "The thought of Gilmore Girls heading into what is likely to be its final season (and its first on a brand-new network) without its mama or her right-hand man is unfathomable."[49] Discussing the departure later, Sherman-Palladino reflected on the contract dispute in an interview with Vulture, saying:

text: "It was a botched negotiation. It really was about the fact that I was working too much. I was going to be the crazy person who was locked in my house and never came out. I heard a lot of 'Amy doesn't need a writing staff because she and Dan Palladino write everything!' I thought, That's a great mentality on your part, but if you want to keep the show going for two more years, let me hire more writers. By the way, all this shit we asked for? They had to do [it] anyway when we left. They hired this big writing staff and a producer-director onstage. That's what bugged me the most. They wound up having to do what we'd asked for anyway, and I wasn't there."[50]

text: David S. Rosenthal, who worked on the show as a writer and producer for season 6, was selected by Sherman-Palladino to replace her as showrunner.[51] Commenting on this change, an article in Wired says: "the Palladinos had written the majority of the episodes up to that point, and their distinctive rhythms and obsessions were what defined Gilmore Girls. What remains after their departure is something that seems like Gilmore Girls Adjacent more than anything."[7]

text: Cancellation[edit]

text: There was speculation during the seventh season that it would be the show's final year, as Graham and Bledel's contracts were both coming to an end. As negotiations continued between the actresses and the network, Rosenthal planned a finale that "could serve as an ending or a beginning of a new chapter and a new season".[52] Graham later said that at the time they finished filming, "there was a 50/50 chance we'd be returning", and requested that the finale provide "an opportunity to say goodbye" to the characters, in case of cancellation.[53] The cast and crew did not have a final wrap party or an opportunity to say farewells.[39][54]

text: The CW initially considered bringing the show back for a shortened, 13-episode season but then decided against the idea.[53] On May 3, 2007, the network announced that the series would not be renewed.[55][56] Graham explained that the possibility of returning fell through because "We were trying to find a way we [she and Bledel] could have a slightly easier schedule, and there was really no way to do that and still have it be Gilmore Girls."[53]

text: Revival[edit]

text: Because the final season was not written by the series' creator, and the new writers had not known that the finale was definitely the last episode, Lauren Graham noted that a lot of fans "were disappointed with how it [the series] ended".[57] In 2009, Amy Sherman-Palladino expressed an interest in pursuing a Gilmore Girls film, to finish the series as she originally intended.[58] Over the following years, fans and journalists continued to ask regularly if the show would return. Privately, Sherman-Palladino stayed in contact with Graham, Bledel, Patterson and Bishop to discuss the possibility, but nothing came to fruition.[59]

text: In June 2015, for the 15th anniversary of the show, the cast and showrunners reunited for a special panel at the ATX Television Festival. When asked about a possible revival, Sherman-Palladino told the audience "I'm sorry, there's nothing in the works at the moment."[60] The hype generated by the reunion, however, empowered Sherman-Palladino to pitch new episodes and encouraged Netflix to produce them.[13] In October 2015 – eight years after the show had ended – TVLine reported that the streaming channel struck a deal with Warner Bros. to revive the series in a limited run, consisting of four 90-minute episodes, written and directed by Amy and Daniel Palladino.[61][62] The Palladinos explained that it felt like the right time creatively to continue the story, and that the freedom provided by Netflix made it possible.[3]

text: The revival miniseries, titled Gilmore Girls: A Year in the Life, was filmed from February to May 2016. Aside from Edward Herrmann, who died a year prior, every cast member who received a main credit on the show returned for at least a scene, while many supporting characters also made an appearance. The sets all had to be rebuilt from scratch, using nothing but photos and footage from the original series.[63]  The revival was released on Netflix on November 25, 2016 to positive reviews.[64] There is speculation regarding a possible second revival, with Netflix reportedly keen.[65]

text: Broadcast history[edit]

text:
Gilmore Girls' first season commenced on The WB in the Thursday 8pm/7pm Central time slot, as a lead in for Charmed.[66] Renewed for a second season, the show was relocated on Tuesdays 8pm/7pm, the time slot of Buffy the Vampire Slayer, which transferred to UPN, and served as a lead-in for Smallville. Later seasons saw it lead into One Tree Hill.[67]
First season reruns aired on Monday nights from March until May 2001, to spread audience awareness. An additional run of the first season aired in 2002 on Sunday nights under the title Gilmore Girls Beginnings (which featured a modified opening sequence voiced with a monologue detailing the premise from Graham), and was one of two shows on The WB to give the Beginnings in its title for reruns (the other being 7th Heaven).[18]

text: In the United Kingdom, Gilmore Girls was initially screened on Nickelodeon from 2003. Only the first three seasons were shown, with episodes edited for content and some, like "The Big One", dropped entirely. The series was subsequently picked up by the Hallmark Channel, which gave UK premieres to seasons 4 and 5. In Ireland, the series aired its entire run on RTÉ One on Sundays.

text: Syndication[edit]

text: In the US, the show began its syndicated release on ABC Family in 2004.[68] The network has continued to air the show daily under its new name Freeform. In October 2015, Gilmore Girls concurrently became available on a second network, Up. Josef Adalian of Vulture commented on how rare this is: "not that many non-procedural, hour-long shows from the early part of the century — particularly those from a small network such as WB — are still even airing regularly on one cable network, let alone two."[69] Up showed Gilmore Girls 1,100 times in its first year; Freeform aired it 400 times in the same period.[69] From 2009 to 2013, Gilmore Girls also aired in weekend timeslots on SOAPnet.

text: In the UK, E4 showed all seven seasons in rotation until January 2012. The show moved to 5Star, where it has been airing since 2013. In Australia, from March 2015, Gilmore Girls began airing again weeknights on digital terrestrial network GEM.

text: Home media and online[edit]

text: Warner Home Video released all seven seasons of Gilmore Girls on DVD, in regions 1, 2 and 4, mainly in full-screen 4:3 ratio due to Amy Sherman-Palladino's preference at the time of original release. The full series DVD boxset was released in 2007. Special features include deleted scenes, three behind-the-scenes featurettes, cast interviews, montages, and one episode commentary (for "You Jump, I Jump, Jack").[70]

text: On October 1, 2014, all seven seasons of the series began streaming on Netflix's "Watch Instantly" service in the United States. On July 1, 2016, Gilmore Girls became available on Netflix worldwide.[71][72] All seasons of Gilmore Girls are also available for digital download on the iTunes Store, Amazon.com and other digital sales websites, with all digital sites offering all episodes in HD.

text: Reception[edit]

text: Critical response[edit]

text: Upon debut, Gilmore Girls was lauded for the distinct, dialogue-infused style created by Amy Sherman-Palladino, the strength of the dynamic familial themes, and the performances of its cast, particularly leading star Lauren Graham. On Metacritic, the first season has an average rating of 81 out of 100 from 26 reviews, indicating "universal praise".[73]

text: In the San Francisco Chronicle, John Carman wrote "It's cross-generational, warm-the-cockles viewing, and it's a terrific show. Can this really be the WB, niche broadcaster to horny mall rats?"[74] Caryn James of The New York Times called it a "witty, charming show" that "is redefining family in a realistic, entertaining way for today's audience, all the while avoiding the sappiness that makes sophisticated viewers run from anything labeled a 'family show.'"[8] Ray Richmond of The Hollywood Reporter declared it "a genuine gem in the making, a family-friendly hour unburdened by trite cliche or precocious pablum," while Jonathan Storm of The Philadelphia Inquirer dubbed it "a touching, funny, lively show that really does appeal to all ages". David Zurawik of The Baltimore Sun called Gilmore Girls "One of the most pleasant surprises of the new season".[73]

text: For the second-season premiere, Hal Boedeker of the Orlando Sentinel praised the show as "one of television's great, unsung pleasures", and said "Series creator Amy Sherman-Palladino writes clever dialogue and ingratiating comedy, but she also knows how to do bittersweet drama."[75] Emily Yahr of The Washington Post retrospectively called the second instalment "Pretty much a perfect season of television".[76] Viewers were concerned that the show would suffer when Rory left for college after season 3,[77] and Yahr commented that the show was not "the same" from this point but gave seasons four and five a positive 7/10.[76]

text: The last two seasons were less positively received. Maureen Ryan of the Chicago Tribune described the sixth season as "uneven at best", explaining, "the protracted fight between Lorelai and Rory Gilmore left the writers scrambling to cram the show with filler plots that stretched many fans' patience to the limit."[78] The introduction of Luke's daughter has been described as "pretty much the most hated plot device in Gilmore Girls history".[76] Ken Tucker from Entertainment Weekly rated  the seventh season "C", describing it as "a death-blow season [which] was more accurately Gilmore Ghosts, as the exhausted actors bumped into the furniture searching for their departed souls and smart punchlines". But he concluded that before this came "six seasons of magnificent mixed emotions" among a "perfect television idyll". Giving the show an overall rating of "A-", he added, "industry ignorance of the writing and of Graham’s performance in particular will remain an eternal scandal".[27]

text: Gilmore Girls was listed as one of Time magazine's "All-TIME 100 TV Shows".[2] and was ranked the 87th greatest American television series in TV (The Book), authored by critics Alan Sepinwall and Matt Zoller Seitz in 2016.[1] Entertainment Weekly placed Gilmore Girls 32nd on its "New TV Classics" list,[79] and included the show on its end-of-the-2000s "best-of" list,[80] and The A.V. Club named "They Shoot Gilmores, Don't They?" as one of the best TV episodes of the decade.[81] Alan Sepinwall included the show in his "Best of the 00s in Comedies" list, saying: "Gilmore offered up an unconventional but enormously appealing family ... As the quippy, pop culture-quoting younger Gilmores were forced to reconnect with their repressed elders, creator Amy Sherman-Palladino got plenty of laughs and tears out of the generational divide, and out of showing the family Lorelai created for herself and her daughter in the idealized, Norman Rockwell-esque town of Stars Hollow. At its best, Gilmore Girls was pure, concentrated happiness."[82]

text: In 2016, Amy Plitt of Rolling Stone reflected on the enduring appeal of Gilmore Girls, and noted that it stood out from other family shows like 7th Heaven, The OC and Everwood by being "far richer, deeper ... The characters were funny and relatable, the banter was zinger-heavy, the familial drama was poignant and the romantic chemistry ... was off the charts."[13]

text: Ratings[edit]

text: Viewer ratings for Gilmore Girls were not large, but the numbers were a relative success for the small WB network and it became one of their flagship series.[69][83][84] For its first season the show aired in the tough Thursday 8pm/7pm Central time slot dominated by Friends on NBC and Survivor on CBS.[83] Critical acclaim encouraged the network to move it to Tuesday evenings, as part of a push to promote the series and due to the move of Tuesday stalwart Buffy the Vampire Slayer to UPN in the same timeslot.[85] During season 2, ratings for Gilmore Girls surpassed Buffy[86] and it became The WB's third-highest-rated show,[87] with viewer numbers that grew by double digits in all major demographics.[86] For seasons 4–7, Gilmore Girls was up against the US's top-rated show American Idol, which led to a drop in viewers,[69] but with Season 5 it became The WB's second-most-watched prime time show.[88] The series was often in the top 3 most-viewed shows in its timeslot for women under 35.[69]

text:
Season
Timeslot (ET)
Network

Episodes

First aired

Last aired
TV season
Rank
Avg. viewers(millions)

Date

Viewers(millions)

Date

Viewers(millions)

1
Thursday 8:00 pm
The WB

21

October 5, 2000 (2000-10-05)

4.6[89]

May 10, 2001 (2001-05-10)

4.1[89]
2000–01
126
3.6[90]

2
Tuesday 8:00 pm

22

October 9, 2001 (2001-10-09)

5.0[89]

May 21, 2002 (2002-05-21)

5.2[89]
2001–02
121
5.2[91]

3

22

September 24, 2002 (2002-09-24)

5.7[89]

May 20, 2003 (2003-05-20)

5.5[89]
2002–03
121
5.2[92]

4

22

September 23, 2003 (2003-09-23)

5.2[89]

May 18, 2004 (2004-05-18)

5.5[89]
2003–04
157
4.1[93]

5

22

September 21, 2004 (2004-09-21)

6.20[89]

May 17, 2005 (2005-05-17)

5.89[89]
2004–05
110
4.8[88]

6

22

September 13, 2005 (2005-09-13)

6.22[89]

May 9, 2006 (2006-05-09)

5.33[89]
2005–06
119
4.5[94]

7
The CW

22

September 26, 2006 (2006-09-26)

4.48[89]

May 15, 2007 (2007-05-15)

4.90[89]
2006–07
129
3.7[95]

text: In its 2016 syndicated release, Gilmore Girls averaged 100,000-120,000 viewers per episode, for an annual viewership of 11 million on each of its networks.[69] The same year, the Chief Content Officer for Netflix, Ted Sarandos, cited Gilmore Girls as one of the streaming channel's most watched shows worldwide.[96]

text: Awards and nominations[edit]

text: Gilmore Girls earned several accolades, but did not receive much attention from the major awarding bodies.[97] Its only Emmy nomination was for Outstanding Makeup for a Series, for the episode "The Festival of Living Art", which it won in 2004.[98] Michael Ausiello has attributed this to "a notorious bias against the WB".[99] Recognition did come from the American Film Institute, who named Gimore Girls one of the ten best shows of 2002,[100] and the Television Critics Association (TCA) who named it Outstanding New Program of the Year in 2001.[101] The TCA Awards also nominated the show for Outstanding Drama in 2001 and 2002, and Outstanding Comedy in 2005. The Satellite Awards nominated it for Best Series – Musical or Comedy in 2002 and 2004, while it was nominated for Favorite Television Drama at the People's Choice Awards 2005.[97] The show was honored by the Viewers for Quality Television with a "seal of quality" in 2000.[102] The series also achieved considerable attention from the Teen Choice Awards, where it received multiple nominations and wins including the award for Choice Comedy Series in 2005.[97]

text: Lauren Graham was nominated for one Golden Globe Award and two Screen Actors Guild Awards for her work on the first and second seasons, and received five successive nominations at the Satellite Awards.[97] The TCAs nominated her for Individual Achievement in Drama in 2002, then for Comedy in 2006. She also received a Family Television Award,[103] and she won the Teen Choice Award for Best TV Mom twice.[104][105] Alexis Bledel won a Young Artist Award,[106] two Teen Choice Awards,[104][105] and a Family Television Award.[citation needed] She was also nominated by the Satellite Awards in 2002, as was Kelly Bishop for her supporting performance in 2002 and 2004.[97]

text: Fandom and cultural impact[edit]

text: Gilmore Girls is considered a cult classic, with an "avid following".[107][108][109][110] During the run of the show this was mostly a small but dedicated group, predominantly of females, but its audience has grown steadily since it came off the air.[69][111][112] The series experienced a resurgence when it became available on Netflix in October 2014, introducing it to a new generation of viewers.[113][114][115] When the revival was announced in 2015, star Lauren Graham credited it to the campaigning and persistence of the fans.[116][117] At this point, according to The Washington Post, the show became "a quirky pop culture obsession."[118] The enduring popularity of Gilmore Girls is considered to come from its comforting quality and cross-generational appeal.[108][116][113][112] It is particularly known as a show that mothers and daughters watch together.[113]

text: For the 16th anniversary of the show, 200 coffee houses around the US and Canada were transformed into "Luke's Diners".[119] In October 2016, the first Gilmore Girls Fan Fest took place in Washington Depot, Connecticut. The sold-out festival included panels with cast and crew members, themed activities, and screenings.[120] The second took place in Kent, Connecticut in October 2017.[121] The show has an active fandom, posting in internet forums and creating work such as fan fiction.[122][123] Special Gilmore Girls trivia nights have been held at venues in multiple different cities.[124]

text: The Irish Independent has commented that "Even though it preceded social media, Gilmore Girls has been internet gold for the past few years. Thanks to its snappy one-liners, it's spawned thousands of memes that have introduced the Buzzfeed generation to its coffee-swilling, cheeseburger-loving, critically-thinking characters."[108] The show has been parodied on Mad TV[125] and Family Guy,[126] and featured in an episode of Six Feet Under.[127] A cocktail bar in Brooklyn devised a menu inspired by the show.[128] Warner Bros. has produced a range of Gilmore Girls merchandise, including T-shirts, mugs, and dolls.[129]

text: Two collections of academic essays that analyse the show have been published: Gilmore Girls and the Politics of Identity (2008) and Screwball Television: Critical Perspectives on Gilmore Girls (2010). In 2002, four young adult novels were published that adapted scripts from the first and second seasons into novel form, told from Rory's first-person point of view. There have also been two unofficial guides to the series Coffee At Luke's: An Unauthorized Gilmore Girls Gab Fest (2007) and The Gilmore Girls Companion (2010). The show has also produced a book club, in which followers aim to read all 339 books referenced on the show, and inspired a cook book called Eat Like a Gilmore.[108]

text: The show is the basis for the successful podcast Gilmore Guys (2014–2017), which established a following of its own and was named by Time as one of the 50 best podcasts of 2017 – the only television-based inclusion.[130][131] It follows the hosts, Kevin T. Porter and Demi Adejuyigbe, as they watch every episode of the series. Sadaf Ahsan of the National Post commented that it "helped reignite – and, for some, initiate – fan fervour" towards Gilmore Girls.[112]

text: Notes[edit]

text:
Jump up ^ Credited as special appearance by

Jump up ^ In the second episode of season one, "The Lorelais' First Day At Chilton", Gunn played a character named "Mick", who worked as a DSL installer. In the third episode, he played an unnamed character delivering swans at a wedding. He was then given the recurring role of Kirk.

Jump up ^ Jackson's surname began as Melville and changed to Belleville later in the series, without explanation.

Jump up ^ Abdoo also played Emily's maid, Berta, in A Year in the Life.

Jump up ^ In the twenty-first episode of season 3, "Here Comes the Son", Fenn played a character named "Sasha", the girlfriend of Jess Mariano's estranged father as part of the Windward Circle backdoor pilot which did not go forward. Fenn did not return as Sasha, but was given a part as Luke's daughter's mother, Anna Nardini, in seasons six and seven.[4]

Jump up ^ For the 2003-2004 television season, Gilmore Girls was criticised by the Directors Guild of America for not delivering a single script on time.[32]

tag: ol


document_title: Madea's Big Happy Family (film)

question_text: who plays the doctor in madea's big happy family

question_tokens: who plays the doctor in madea 's big happy family

root

text: Madea's Big Happy Family (film)

text: Plot[edit]

text: This section's plot summary may be too long or excessively detailed. Please help improve it by removing unnecessary details and making it more concise. (August 2014) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

tag: table

text: Shirley (Loretta Devine), the main character of the film, goes to visit Dr. Evans (Philip Anthony-Rodriguez) with her longtime family friend, Aunt Bam (Cassi Davis) about her cancer and finds out that it has gotten worse, and that she may only have a few months to live. She asks Aunt Bam to call her children so she can tell them. Cora and Mr. Brown (David and Tamela Mann) are also at the hospital, to get Mr. Brown a check-up. Dr. Evans tells them he has to do a colonoscopy on Mr. Brown, and they find a growth that needs to be removed surgically. Meanwhile, Madea (Tyler Perry) furiously and violently drives her car through a restaurant named 'Smax', because they stopped serving breakfast for the day when she wanted a biscuit sandwich, and because the manager had been very rude to her.

tag: p

text: Shirley's children Byron (Shad "Bow Wow" Moss), Tammy (Natalie Desselle-Reid), and Kimberly (Shannon Kane) arrive at Shirley's house later that day for a dinner Shirley has planned for them in order to tell them the sad news about her recent prognosis from Dr. Evans. Byron arrives with his girlfriend Renee (Lauren London) and his baby Byron Jr. Tammy arrives with her husband Harold (Rodney Perry) and their two kids. Just before they arrived, Tammy and Harold had been fighting about the directions to the house, and subsequently carry their argument into the house with them. Kimberly arrives with her husband Calvin (Isaiah Mustafa). Tammy and Kimberly continue to argue when Byron's ex-girlfriend Sabrina (Teyana Taylor) also arrives. Sabrina is Byron's "baby mama", Byron Jr.'s biological mother, and she likes calling Byron a "drug dealer", since he was one when he was young and got arrested for it. She also loudly extends out the last vowel and consonant sounds of his name, just to annoy him and his family. On top of that, she also lies excessively, uses her son's child support money and supplies for herself, and also tries to goad Byron back into selling drugs, so she can get more money for herself in the process.

text: Sabrina also turns out to be the manager of 'Smax', the restaurant that Madea crashed her car into earlier that day when Sabrina rudely lashed out at Madea about the restaurant not serving breakfast anymore for the day. Everybody leaves the dinner later on that afternoon due to the constant arguing as well as their own reasons, and Shirley doesn't get the chance to tell them about her cancer. During the night, Byron and Renee sneak inside Shirley's house to sleep there, but Byron is arrested by the police for failing to pay child support. Shirley goes to Kimberly's house to ask her to bail him out, but Kimberly refuses. Calvin instead helps Shirley bail him out, much to Kimberly's anger and consternation.

text: The next day, Aunt Bam tells Madea about Shirley's cancer prognosis and the family’s situation, to which Madea promises to gather all Shirley’s children for another dinner that evening. She goes to Harold’s auto repair garage where Tammy works with him and authoritatively demands her to go to the family dinner. After she does so, Tammy then gets called by a client, so Madea takes the opportunity to discipline Tammy’s two unruly children for their disrespect, putting fear into them. She then goes to Byron’s workplace, but she finds him outside, since he was fired for being late as he spent the night in jail. It is revealed that the manager (played by Palmer Williams, Jr.) had fired Byron because him being late for the job that day was the last straw. Madea then brusquely demands that he is at the family dinner as well and threatens him if he does not come. She proceeds to Kimberly, whom she finds her showing clients a new house, as it is revealed that she is a real estate agent, and she peremptorily yells at her to attend the dinner after Kimberly attempts to ignore her. Meanwhile, Mr. Brown loses a lot of blood during his surgery and the doctor asks Cora to donate some. When she does, she finds out that she doesn't have the same blood type as him, implying that he may not be her real, biological father.

text: At dinner later on that night, Tammy and Kimberly have a vicious argument that leads to Tammy revealing that Kimberly is Byron’s birth mother, having had him when she was 13 years old. Byron storms out of the house, angry that this secret was kept from him. Later that night, for the first time, Harold puts his foot down towards Tammy and tells her to respect him more. Tammy and Harold then sort their problems out: Harold acted weak because Tammy kept pushing to be the dominant one in the relationship, and the resultant bickering and power struggle between them led their children to have no respect for their parents or anyone else. After dinner, Kimberly and Calvin continue to fight, which results in Calvin leaving and taking their son with him, much to Kimberly's dismay. The next day, when Byron and Renee go to the drug store, where they see Sabrina on "Maury" via the store's TV, humiliating Byron and demanding her child support. This finally pushes Byron over the edge and he decides to go back to dealing drugs.

text: Overtime, Shirley’s condition worsens greatly and she goes to the hospital. She later tells Byron (who left his drug dealing corner after learning of Shirley's hospitalization), Tammy, Harold, and Calvin, who arrive to see her, that she loves them all, including Kimberly who isn’t present at the time, and after giving them some last words of advice, she dies. At Shirley's funeral service, which is held at a local church a few days later, the church choir, played by several of the cast members from Madea's Big Happy Family: the Play, including one of the members of the choir who sings lead that is played by Chandra Currelley-Young, sings the song "Heaven Waits For Me." After Shirley's funeral service, later on back at the house, Madea confronts the family, saying that Shirley was a peaceful woman and that she would not have wanted all the fighting going on between them.

text: First, Madea confronts Sabrina about abusing Byron’s hard-earned money, and that she needs to start respecting him, especially telling her to stop using their child to make his life miserable or she will be dealing with Madea herself or worse. Second, Madea confronts Byron and tells him to get himself a new job in order remain on the right path, because selling drugs again will only lead him to his own demise (a return to prison or an early grave) and Renee will just move on to the next man with a lot of money; Madea also threatens Renee when she attempts to backtalk. Madea also tells both Byron and Sabrina to start working together to take care of their baby, and settle things between them wisely and peacefully. Third, Madea tells everyone that Shirley didn't want her children to know that Kimberly had been raped by an uncle of hers, on her father's side, when she was 12, which resulted in her pregnancy with Byron, and was why she became so hostile and aggressive towards everyone, because she hadn't forgiven the man that raped her; Madea urges Kimberly to forgive her uncle for her own sake, otherwise, he'll continue to have power over her, and she'll never be able to move on or make peace with herself and what he did to her. Kimberly then sorts out her issues with Calvin, feeling that she doesn't know how to begin, and finally hugs him and apologizes while they agree to acquire some professional help. Byron breaks up with Renee, because he just buried his mother while Renee keeps thinking only about herself, and trying to get him to deal drugs again.

text: The film ends with Madea, Mr. Brown, and Cora on The Maury Povich Show to find out if Mr. Brown is in fact Cora's father. Madea insists that he is, but it turns out he's not. This shocks Madea, who runs off-stage, sobbing hysterically. Madea does this mocking the running gag on the Maury Povich Show of how many of the woman, when it is revealed that their old romantic interests are not the real fathers of their child(ren), they run off-stage and sob wildly and hysterically. (Although the DNA tests on the show reveals that Mr. Brown is not Cora's real father, this, however, is non-canon to the rest of the Tyler Perry franchise as Mr. Brown is still portrayed as Cora's father).

text: Cast[edit]

text:
Tyler Perry as Mabel "Madea" Simmons and Uncle Joe Simmons
Loretta Devine as Shirley
Shad "Bow Wow" Moss as Byron
Tamela Mann as Cora
Cassi Davis as Betty Ann "Aunt Bam" Murphy
Lauren London as Renee
Shannon Kane as Kimberly
Isaiah Mustafa as Calvin
Natalie Desselle as Tammy
Rodney Perry as Harold
David Mann as Leroy "Mr. Brown" Brown
Teyana Taylor as Sabrina
Philip Anthony-Rodriguez as Dr. Evans
Chandra Currelley as Sister Laura, the lead singer of the church choir at the funeral who sings, "Heaven Waits For Me."
Maury Povich as himself

tag: ul

text: Release[edit]

text: Box office[edit]

text: Madea's Big Happy Family was released on April 22, 2011. It opened with $25,068,677 on its opening weekend, ranking #2 at the box office behind Rio.[3] By the end of its run, the $25 million[1] film grossed $53,345,287 in the United States.[2]

text: Critical reception[edit]

text: The film has received mixed reviews from critics. Based on 40 reviews collected by Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an overall approval rating of 38% with an average rating of 4.6/10.[4] Another review aggretator, Metacritic, gave the film an average rating of 45 based on 15 reviews, indicating "mixed or average reviews".[5]

text: Home media[edit]

text: Madea's Big Happy Family was released on DVD and Blu-ray on August 30, 2011. The DVD features four featurettes: "By-reen: The Baby Mama from Hell", "Ties That Bind", "Madea's Family Tree", and "Brown Calls Maury".[6] The Blu-ray contains these features including a digital copy.[7]


document_title: Mexico at the FIFA World Cup

question_text: who took out mexico in the last world cup

text: Mexico at the FIFA World Cup

text: Records[edit]

text:
FIFA World Cup record

Year

Round

Position

Pld

W

D

L

GF

GA

 1930

Group stage

13th

3

0

0

3

4

13

 1934

Did not qualify

 1938

Withdrew

 1950

Group stage

12th

3

0

0

3

2

10

 1954

Group stage

14th

2

0

0

2

2

8

 1958

Group stage

16th

3

0

1

2

1

8

 1962

Group stage

11th

3

1

0

2

3

4

 1966

Group stage

12th

3

0

2

1

1

3

 1970

Quarterfinal

6th

4

2

1

1

6

4

 1974

Did not qualify

 1978

Group stage

16th

3

0

0

3

2

12

 1982

Did not qualify

 1986

Quarterfinal

6th

5

3

2

0

6

2

 1990

Banned

 1994

Round of 16

13th

4

1

2

1

4

4

 1998

Round of 16

13th

4

1

2

1

8

7

  2002

Round of 16

11th

4

2

1

1

4

4

 2006

Round of 16

15th

4

1

1

2

5

5

 2010

Round of 16

14th

4

1

1

2

4

5

 2014

Round of 16

10th

4

2

1

1

5

3

 2018

Round of 16

12th

4

2

0

2

3

6

 2022

To be determined

 2026

To be determined

Total

Quarterfinal

16/21

57

16

14

27

60

98

text: By match[edit]

text:
World Cup

Round

Against

Score

Scorers

1930
Group stage
 France
1–4
Carreño

 Chile
0–3

 Argentina
3–6
Manuel Rosas (2), Gayón

1950
Group stage
 Brazil
0–4

 Yugoslavia
1–4
Héctor Ortiz

  Switzerland
1–2
Casarín

1954
Group stage
 Brazil
0–5

 France
2–3
Lamadrid, Balcázar

1958
Group stage
 Sweden
0–3

 Wales
1–1
Belmonte

 Hungary
0–4

1962
Group stage
 Brazil
0–2

 Spain
0–1

 Czechoslovakia
3–1
Díaz, del Águila, Hernández

1966
Group stage
 France
1–1
Borja

 England
0–2

 Uruguay
0–0

1970
Group stage
 Soviet Union
0–0

 El Salvador
4–0
Valdivia (2), Fragoso, Basaguren

 Belgium
1–0
Peña

Quarterfinal
 Italy
1–4
González

1978
Group stage
 Tunisia
1–3
Vázquez Ayala

 West Germany
0–6

 Poland
1–3
Rangel

1986
Group stage
 Belgium
2–1
Quirarte, Hugo Sánchez

 Paraguay
1–1
Luis Flores

 Iraq
1–0
Quirarte

Round of 16
 Bulgaria
2–0
Negrete, Servín

Quarterfinal
 West Germany
0–0 (AET), 1–4 (p)

1994
Group stage
 Norway
0–1

 Republic of Ireland
2–1
García (2)

 Italy
1–1
Bernal

Round of 16
 Bulgaria
1–1 (AET), 1–3 (p)
García Aspe

1998
Group stage
 South Korea
3–1
Peláez, Hernández (2)

 Belgium
2–2
García Aspe, Blanco

 Netherlands
2–2
Peláez, Hernández

Round of 16
 Germany
1–2
Hernández

2002
Group stage
 Croatia
1–0
Blanco

 Ecuador
2–1
Borgetti, Torrado

 Italy
1–1
Borgetti

Round of 16
 United States
0–2

2006
Group stage
 Iran
3–1
Bravo (2), Zinha

 Angola
0–0

 Portugal
1–2
Fonseca

Round of 16
 Argentina
1–2 (AET)
Márquez

2010
Group stage
 South Africa
1–1
Márquez

 France
2–0
Javier Hernández, Blanco

 Uruguay
0–1

Round of 16
 Argentina
1–3
Javier Hernández

2014
Group stage
 Cameroon
1–0
Peralta

 Brazil
0–0

 Croatia
3–1
Márquez, Guardado, Javier Hernández

Round of 16
 Netherlands
1–2
G. Dos Santos

2018
Group stage
 Germany
1–0
Lozano

 South Korea
2–1
Vela, Javier Hernández

 Sweden
0–3

Round of 16
 Brazil
0–2

text: Record players[edit]

text: Mexico's record World Cup player, Rafael Márquez, and goalkeeper Antonio Carbajal have appeared in five FIFA World Cups each, a record they only share with German midfielder Lothar Matthäus.

text:
No.

Name

Matches

World Cups

1
Rafael Márquez
19
2002, 2006, 2010, 2014 and 2018

2

Andrés Guardado
12
2006, 2010, 2014 and 2018

Javier Hernández
12
2010, 2014 and 2018

4

Antonio Carbajal
11
1950, 1954, 1958, 1962 and 1966

Cuauhtémoc Blanco
11
1998, 2002 and 2010

Gerardo Torrado
11
2002, 2006 and 2010

7

Carlos Salcido
10
2006, 2010 and 2014

8

Chava Reyes
9
1958, 1962 and 1966

Giovani Dos Santos
9
2010, 2014 and 2018

Héctor Moreno
9
2010, 2014 and 2018

text: Top goalscorers[edit]

text:
No.

Name

Goals

World Cups

1
Luis Hernández
4
1998

Javier Hernández
4
2010 (2), 2014 (1), and 2018 (1)

3

Cuauhtémoc Blanco
3
1998, 2002 and 2010

Rafael Márquez
3
2006, 2010 and 2014

5

Manuel Rosas
2
1930

Javier Valdivia
2
1970

Fernando Quirarte
2
1986

Luis García
2
1994

Alberto García Aspe
2
1994 and 1998

Ricardo Peláez
2
1998

Jared Borgetti
2
2002

Omar Bravo
2
2006