document_title: Evangelism

question_text: what is the meaning of evangelist in the bible

text: Evangelism

text: Etymology[edit]

text: The word "evangelist" comes from the Koine Greek word εὐαγγέλιον (transliterated as euangelion) via Latinised evangelium as used in the canonical titles of the Four Gospels, authored by (or attributed to) Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John (also known as the Four Evangelists). The Greek word εὐαγγέλιον originally meant a reward given to the messenger for good news (εὔ = "good", ἀγγέλλω = "I bring a message"; the word "angel" comes from the same root) and later "good news" itself.

text: The verb form of euangelion,[1] (translated as "evangelism"), occurs rarely in older Greek literature outside the New Testament, making its meaning more difficult to ascertain. Parallel texts of the Gospels of Luke and Mark reveal a synonymous relationship between the verb euangelizo (εὑαγγελίζω) and a Greek verb kerusso (κηρύσσω), which means "to proclaim".[2]

text: Proselytism[edit]

text: Christians would clearly distinguish between evangelism and proselytism, with the latter being viewed as unethical because it involves the abuse of people’s freedom and the distortion of the gospel of grace by means of coercion, deception, manipulation, and exploitation.[3] Within Christianity, the label of ‘proselytism’ generally arises when one group does not approve of the missional activities of another, particularly when one group is losing members or the potential exists for this to occur.[4]

text: Different denominations follow different theological interpretations which reflect upon the point of who is doing the actual conversion, whether the evangelist or the Holy Spirit or both. Calvinists, for example, believe the soul is converted only if the Holy Spirit is effective in the act.[5]

text: Catholic missionary work in Russia is commonly seen as evangelism, not proselytism. Archbishop Kondrusiewicz openly stated, "that proselytism is absolutely unacceptable and cannot constitute a strategy for the development of our structures either in Russia or in any other country in the world".[6] Especially regarding claims by the Orthodox church that spreading the faith and receiving converts amounts to proselytism,[7] the Catholic Church's Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith issued a document called "Doctrinal Note on some Aspects of Evangelization"[8] which states that evangelism is "an inalienable right and duty, an expression of religious liberty ...", and added, "The incorporation of new members into the Church is not the expansion of a power group, but rather entrance into the network of friendship with Christ which connects heaven and earth, different continents and age. It is entrance into the gift of communion with Christ...."

text: In recent history, certain Bible passages have been used to promote evangelism. William Carey, in a book entitled, 'An Enquiry into the Obligations of Christians to Use Means for the Conversion of the Heathens' popularised a quotation, where, according to the Bible, during his last days on earth Jesus commanded his eleven disciples (the apostles) as follows:

text: Therefore go and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit, and teaching them to obey everything I have commanded you. And surely I am with you always, to the very end of the age.

text: However, recent scholarship by Chris Wright and others has suggested that such activity is promoted by the entire Bible, or at least the wider term 'mission', although the meaning of the word 'mission' and its relationship to 'evangelism' is disputed amongst Christians.

text: Modern methods[edit]

text: Breaking from tradition and going beyond television and radio a wide range of methods have been developed to reach people not inclined to attend traditional events in churches or revival meetings.

text: Dramas such as Heaven's Gates, Hell's Flames have gained enormous popularity since the 1980s. These dramas typically depict fictional characters who die and learn whether they will go to heaven or hell.

text: The child evangelism movement is a Christian evangelism movement that originated in the 20th century. It focuses on the 4/14 Window which centers on evangelizing children between the ages of 4 and 14 years old.[9]

text: Beginning in the 1970s, a group of Christian athletes known as The Power Team spawned an entire genre of Christian entertainment based on strong-man exploits mixed with a Christian message and usually accompanied by an opportunity to respond with a prayer for salvation.[10]

text: Other entertainment-based Christian evangelism events include comedy, live theater and music.

text: The Christian music industry has also played a significant role in modern evangelism. Rock (and other genres) concerts in which the artist(s) exhort non-believing attendees to pray a prayer for salvation have become common, and just as common are concerts that are focused on activity not necessarily on prayer and conversion, thus forming an environment that is not driven by conversion, but instead relaying of a message.

text: Evangelists such as Reinhard Bonnke conduct mass evangelistic crusades around the world. Hundreds of church denominations and organizations participate in an evangelism movement known as the Billion Soul Harvest, which is a comprehensive initiative to convert a billion people to Christianity.

text: Evangelists[edit]

text: Sometimes, the regular minister of a church is called a preacher in a way that other groups would typically use the term pastor. The evangelist in some churches is one that travels from town to town and from church to church, spreading the gospel of Jesus Christ. Many Christians of various theological perspectives would call themselves "evangelists" because they are spreaders of the gospel. Many churches believe one of their major functions is to function as evangelists to spread the evangelist belief that Jesus is savior of humanity.

text: The title of evangelist is often associated with those who lead large meetings like those of Billy Graham, Luis Palau[11] and J.A. Pérez[12] possibly in tents or existing church buildings, or those who address the public in street corner preaching, which targets listeners who happen to pass nearby. It can also be done in small groups or even on a one-to-one basis, but actually it is simply one who spreads the gospel. Increasingly, the internet enables anyone to become an Internet evangelist.

text: Missionary work[edit]

text: This section does not cite any sources. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (June 2016) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

text: The New Testament urges believers to speak the gospel clearly, fearlessly, graciously, and respectfully whenever an opportunity presents itself, incumbent upon a commitment to hold and revere God as the core/center of their lives (see Colossians 4:2-6, Ephesians 6:19-20, and 1 Peter 3:15).

text: Throughout most of its history, Christianity has been spread evangelistically, though the extent of evangelism has varied significantly between Christian communities, and denominations. Evangelism, apologetics and apostolic ministry often go hand in hand. An ἀπόστολος (apostolos) is literally "one who is ordered forth" and refers to the missionary calling of being ordered forth into the world by the initiation of God. An example of an interplay between Evangelism and Apologetics can be seen in the USA when upon door to door Evangelism the prospect is an unbeliever and challenges the Evangelist wherein the Evangelist then follows into the role of the Apologist in defense of their faith with the hope that Evangelism may be restarted. Since missionaries often travel to areas or people groups where Jesus is not yet known, they frequently take on an evangelistic role. But the apostolic or missionary calling is not necessarily the same (and it is a misnomer and misinterpretation to equate them), as there are many who serve in missionary, church planting, and ministry development roles who have an apostolic calling or serve in an apostolic role but whose primary duty is not evangelism.


document_title: Thompson River

question_text: where does the thompson river meet the fraser river

root

text: Thompson River

text: Geography[edit]

text: South Thompson River[edit]

text: The South Thompson originates at the outlet of Little Shuswap Lake at the town of Chase and flows approximately 55 kilometres (34 mi) southwest through a wide valley to Kamloops where it joins the North Thompson. Highway 1, the Trans-Canada Highway and the mainline of the Canadian Pacific Railway parallel the river. Little Shuswap Lake is fed by the Little River, which drains Shuswap Lake, which is fed by several rivers & creeks.

tag: p

text: North Thompson River[edit]

text: The North Thompson originates at the toe of the Thompson Glacier[4] in the Cariboo Mountains west of the community of Valemount and flows generally south towards Kamloops and the confluence with the South Thompson. For most of its length, the river is paralleled by Highway 5, and the Canadian National Railway (both of which cross the river a couple times). The North Thompson passes by several small communities, the most notable being Blue River, Clearwater & Barriere.

text: The North Thompson picks up the Clearwater River at the town of Clearwater. The Clearwater, the North Thompson's largest tributary, drains much of Wells Gray Provincial Park.

text: A notable feature along the North Thompson is Little Hells Gate, a mini-replica of the much larger rapid on the Fraser downstream from the mouth of the Thompson. About 17.4 kilometres (10.8 mi) upstream from the small town of Avola, the river is forced through a narrow chute only about 30 feet (9.1 m) wide creating a rapid that resembles the Fraser's famous rapid.

text: Mainstream[edit]

text: At Kamloops, the combined Thompson River river flows 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) from the confluence of the North and South Thompson Rivers before reaching Kamloops Lake, which is roughly 30 kilometres (19 mi) in length, ending at the town of Savona. From there it flows in a meandering course westwards through a broad valley area. At Ashcroft, the Thompson Canyon begins and the river turns southwestward to its confluence with the Fraser. The river is paralleled by the Trans-Canada Highway, the Canadian Pacific Railway and the Canadian National Railway.

text: From Ashcroft to Lytton, the river is completely confined within Thompson Canyon, making for spectacular scenery. The Thompson River joins the Fraser River in Lytton. There is a striking stretch of dark black cliffside just downstream from Ashcroft and visible from the Logan Lake-Ashcroft highway is officially-named the Black Canyon. Just below the town of Spences Bridge was the site of a major rail disaster in the early 20th Century. Communities along this section are Bighorn, Shaw Springs, and Goldpan.

text: Geology[edit]

text: The Thompson River valley has existed in some form for at least 50 million years; however, for much of its history, it did not drain to the southwest into the Pacific Ocean as it does today.[5] Geologists believe water from the river flowed northward, through the Cariboo region, eventually entering what is the modern-day Peace River drainage basin and ending up in the Arctic Ocean.[6] This flow direction is estimated to have ended approximately 2 million years ago, as the Pleistocene era of heavy glaciation began.[6]

text: Glacial lakes[edit]

text: During the era of massive glaciers in the Thompson River valley, water from the area likely drained eastward, through the Shuswap Lake area into what is now the Columbia River drainage. This flow direction was influenced by large ice buildups in the Thompson valley, which created extensive glacial lakes. Two large glacial lakes, Glacial Lake Thompson and Glacial Lake Deadman, occupied much of the modern river's course from 13,000 BCE to 10,000 BCE. These deep, narrow, ribbon-shaped lakes held large volumes of water; Glacial Lake Thompson held nearly 84 cubic kilometres (20 cu mi) at its highest point. The lake stretched from Spences Bridge in the west to the eastern reaches of Shuswap Lake, as well as far up the northern reaches of the North Thompson river valley.[7] The last large glacial lake, Lake Deadman, was drained by a catastrophic ice dam failure, called a jökulhlaup, in about 10,000 BCE. This event released as much as 20 cubic kilometres (4.8 cu mi) of water southwest into the Fraser River system, possibly depositing sediments as far away as the Salish Sea, more than 250 kilometres (160 mi) away. From this point, the Thompson waters stopped flowing eastward into the Columbia River system, and the river became a tributary of the Fraser.[7]

text: Landslides[edit]

text: Because of large deposits of glacial silt, sand, and gravel in the lower Thompson River valley, large landslides are common.[8] The area downstream from the town of Ashcroft is prone to landslide events; eight major events between 1880 and 1982 have been recorded. Several of them have obstructed the river, and caused large, temporary lakes. An 1880 slide caused the formation of a short-lived lake over 14 kilometers long with a maximum depth of 18 meters. These slides have caused major damage to the rail lines and farming operations in the river valley. Heavy irrigation has been blamed for some of the events.[8]

text: History[edit]

text: First nations[edit]

text: The Interior region of British Columbia was first populated after the retreat of the continental ice sheets of the last ice age. The ice moved out of the Thompson River region approximately 11,000 BCE, and migration by the ancestors of the Nlaka'pamux and Secwepemc people is thought to have occurred soon after.[9] Some of the older archaeological sites on the lower Thompson include the Drynoch Slide site, near Spences Bridge, with artifacts dating to about 7350 BCE, and the Landels site, near Ashcroft, which dates to older than 8000 BCE.[10] Archaeologists theorize early settlers lived in small groups, beginning with nomadic bands hunting ungulates on the plateaus around the river, who then established more permanent dwellings along the river benches as their fishing techniques developed.[11]

text: The South Thompson has the watershed's oldest dated evidence of human habitation, at the Gore site near Pritchard. The human remains date to 8250 BCE, and bone analysis suggests the person was a hunter with small amounts of his protein coming from salmon.[12] Archaeological investigation in the North Thompson has been sparse, but artifacts near Bridge Lake to the west of the river have been dated to 3000 BCE, while pieces found near the tributary Clearwater River are possibly as old as 6000 to 7000 BCE.[12]

text: European exploration and settlement[edit]

text: Explorer of the Fraser River and North West Company employee Simon Fraser named the river, after passing its mouth on the Fraser in 1808.[13] He named the river after his colleague, David Thompson, who had mapped much of western Canada and was at the time exploring the Columbia River basin to the east. Thompson never visited the river that bears his name.[13] The first documented traverse of the Thompson from Kamloops to Lytton was by Hudson's Bay Company governor George Simpson in 1828.[14] More Europeans entered the Thompson River valley in the early to mid 1800s, drawn by the fur trade and small gold rushes. Others started farming on the fertile benches of the river, and a North West Company trading fort at the confluence of the North and South rivers became the city of Kamloops, now the largest human population center in the watershed.[13]

text: Ecology[edit]

text: The Thompson River supports 24 fish species, including two considered endangered. It also hosts carp, which are not native to the watershed. The river is home to large populations of Pacific salmon, including coho, sockeye, pink and chinook. Through its tributary, the Adams River, the Thompson has one of the largest sockeye salmon runs in the world.[15] Pink salmon spawn mostly below Kamloops Lake, while coho spawning beds are found in 40 of the Thompson watershed's streams and rivers. Coastal rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss irideus), including an anadromous variety called steelhead, are found in the river along with a local strain the Kamloops rainbow trout which occurs in Kamloops Lake at the Thompson River headwaters and other nearby lakes. Other fish species include round whitefish, largescale sucker, bridgelip sucker, northern pikeminnow, longnose dace, and slimy sculpin.[16]

text: Several bird species are found in Thompson River environments, including osprey, merganser, wood ducks, and dippers. Golden eagles are found near the confluence with the Fraser,[17] and Bald eagles congregate on the river during the salmon run. Trumpeter swans use the South Thompson on their migratory route. Rattlesnakes are found in the dry sagebrush regions of the lower river. Aquatic insects found in the river system are dominated by three groups: mayflies, midges, and caddisflies. Many of these species emerge with the spring snowmelt, which greatly increases the volume of flow on the river.[15]

text: Conservation and recreation[edit]

text: The Thompson River and its two branches are mostly unprotected through parks or reserves. Small sections of the river are within provincial parks, including Steelhead, Juniper, Goldpan, and North Thompson Provincial Parks. Some of its tributaries, such as the Clearwater, are more protected through large parks like Wells Gray. However, unlike major river systems to the north and east like the Columbia and Nechako, the Thompson has no hydroelectric dams or major man-made water diversions.[13] Under the British Columbia Fish Protection Act of 1997, the Thompson cannot be considered for future dam construction.[18]

text: Conservation of the Thompson's fisheries, especially its salmon population, has been a focus of provincial, federal, and international bodies, such as the Department of Fisheries and Oceans (DFO) and the Pacific Salmon Commission.

text: Angling[edit]

text: From the 1950s through the early 1990s the Thompson River was considered one of the premier steelhead angling destinations in North America. The river hosted large runs of both summer and winter run anadromous coastal rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss irideus). In the late 1980s the runs were estimated at over 10,000 fish.[19] The river attracted anglers from around the world seeking powerful Thompson River steelhead. In 1982, the average male winter run Thompson River steelhead was 16 pounds (7.3 kg).[20] By the late 1990s, steelhead populations began to decline due to a wide variety of adverse environmental conditions and overfishing by commercial and First Nations gill netters. In 2016, annual steelhead numbers entering the Thompson were estimated to be less than 400 fish. Low numbers have prompted conservation organizations and sportsman’s associations to petition Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada (COSEWIC), for Canada's Species At Risk Act (SARA) protections.[21] The river is subject to catch and release angling only for steelhead and has severely restricted seasons to protect the wild stocks of remaining steelhead.[22]

text: Whitewater rafting[edit]

text: The rapids of the lower Thompson are used for recreational whitewater rafting. The first commercial rafting operation on the river began in the 1970s, based out of Spences Bridge.[23] Notable whitewater features on the lower river include the Frog, named for a frog-shaped rock formation, and the Jaws of Death, named by CPR engineers.[5] Rapids on the river reach up to Class 5 on the International Scale of River Difficulty.

text: Major Tributaries[edit]

text: North Thompson River[edit]

text:
Albreda River
Thunder River
Mud Creek
Blue River
Mad River
Raft River
Clearwater River
Barrière River

tag: ul

text: South Thompson River[edit]

text:
Little River (via Little Shuswap Lake from Shuswap Lake)
Chase Creek
Monte Creek

text: Mainstream[edit]

text:
Tranquille River (via Kamloops Lake)
Deadman River
Bonaparte River
Oregon Jack Creek
Nicola River
Murray Creek
Skoonka Creek
Nicoamen River
Botanie Creek


document_title: The Last Man on Earth (TV series)

question_text: who plays todd in the last man on earth

question_tokens: who plays todd in the last man on earth

text: The Last Man on Earth (TV series)

text: Plot[edit]

text: Almost a year after a deadly virus sweeps Earth, Phil Miller (Will Forte) is seemingly the only human survivor in late 2020. As he searches for others and paints signs stating he is alive in his hometown of Tucson, Arizona, he finds no one. Before attempting suicide, he discovers another survivor, Carol Pilbasian (Kristen Schaal).[11] Despite being annoyed by each other, Carol insists Phil marry her so their children will not be born out of wedlock. Although Phil thinks that it is ridiculous to hang on to traditions from the "old world", they marry for re-population purposes. Over the next several months, more survivors join them. Though Phil's irritating attitude towards them leads to his banishment from Tucson, Carol leaves with him.

text: In season 2, Phil and Carol continue their road trip in the middle of 2023.[12] They discover the group has relocated to Malibu, California and travel there to reunite with them and rebuild trust. Meanwhile, Phil's astronaut brother Mike Miller (Jason Sudeikis) crashes down to Earth and finds his way to Malibu, where he joins the survivors briefly before possibly being infected by the virus.

text: In season 3, following a potential threat by Pat Brown (Mark Boone Junior), the survivors move to a self-sustaining office building in San Jose, California, where Melissa (January Jones) struggles with mental instability and Carol discovers a young boy living in the woods whom they name Jasper. As time passes, Erica (Cleopatra Coleman) gives birth to a girl named Dawn, and the group decides to leave the United States when they believe nuclear power plants are melting down all over the country.

text: In season 4, after meeting and parting ways with Pamela Brinton (Kristen Wiig) and Glenn (Chris Elliott), the survivors move to Zihuatanejo, Mexico, to avoid any nuclear meltdowns that may be occurring in the United States. While there, Carol gives birth to twin daughters and becomes pregnant again a few weeks later; Erica becomes pregnant again with Todd's (Mel Rodriguez) first child; and Mike temporarily rejoins the group, having recovered from what was actually a weakened immune system, before leaving to search for a way to start his own family. The main group then moves to Tapachula, only to be found and surrounded by dozens of underground survivors as season 4 concludes.

text: Cast[edit]

text: Main[edit]

text:
Will Forte as Philip Tandy[13] Miller (first addressed by the other characters as "Phil", then "Tandy"), an average, socially challenged man and seemingly the only human survivor after a virus wiped out nearly the entire population about a year earlier. He lives in his hometown of Tucson, Arizona, having already searched North America for other living people. In his pre-virus life, he worked dead-end jobs and lived in a studio apartment for which his parents paid the rent. Out of loneliness, he has adopted various sports balls as "buddies" and drawn faces on them. He has painted "Alive in Tucson" on billboards and highway signs during his trip, hoping others might see the message. Phil is married to Carol and they have twin girls together. Forte describes him as "a selfish person who sometimes borders on being a flat-out sociopath".[14] Jacob Tremblay portrays young Phil,[15] who appears to his brother Mike in multiple visions in the episode "Pitch Black".[16]
Kristen Schaal as Carol Andrew Pilbasian Miller, a notary from Delaware who sees Phil's "Alive in Tucson" sign and travels to Tucson. She pressures Phil to marry her so they can work towards repopulating the Earth with "legitimate" children. Carol is shown to be compassionate and is good friends with Melissa and Todd but can hold grudges and be stridently moralistic.[17] Carol and Phil divorce in the middle of the first season, but Carol chooses to leave with Phil after he is banished from Tucson and they subsequently remarry. In the second season, she and Phil regain the survivors' trust, and she becomes pregnant with Phil's child after he finally tells her he loves her. In the fourth season, she gives birth to twin daughters Bezequille and Mike, the latter named for Phil's brother.
January Jones as Melissa Shart[18] ("Chartres" was used in the season 2 episode, "The Boo",[19]) a former real estate agent from Akron, Ohio who used to be married to the late Greg until he cheated on her with a police officer. She meets Phil and Carol after they crash their pickup truck into her limousine. She saw Phil's original "Alive in Tucson" sign and traveled to Tucson before Carol. Phil is initially very attracted to her and frequently vies for her affection despite having just married Carol, so Melissa does not like or trust him. She begins dating Todd after he joins the group.[20] In the second season, Melissa decides she does not want to have children and breaks up with Todd, but when she changes her mind, she and Gail eventually agree to simultaneously date Todd. In season 3, Melissa kills Darrell, one of paranoiac Pat Brown's crew, and consequently starts acting strangely, ultimately forcing Todd to lock her in a focus-group room to stop her from jumping off a building. The survivors help cure her condition using Clozapine, and Melissa marries Todd near the end of the third season.
Mel Rodriguez as Todd Dimas Rodriguez, another surviving man who, while on his way to Mexico, finds Phil and company after he sees some fireworks set off by Phil. Kind and selfless, Todd's nature leads to him becoming the most likable member of the group, much to Phil's increasing annoyance. He and Melissa become very close and begin a romantic relationship shortly after they meet.[20] In season 2, Todd's love life becomes increasingly complicated: he finds himself torn among Melissa, who breaks up with him for a while; Gail, who starts dating him simultaneously with Melissa; Erica, who tells him that the late Phil II chose him as a surrogate father for her baby; and even Carol, who approaches him with a surprise request to impregnate her when she thinks Phil (Tandy) is sterile. In season 3, when Gail breaks up with him, Todd hopes to win back Melissa until he is frightened by her strange behavior resulting from killing Darrell. He is eventually able to cure her condition using Clozapine, and they marry. In the fourth season, after Melissa decides once again that she does not want to have children, Todd struggles with baby fever until Erica agrees to have a child with him, and she announces her pregnancy with his first child at the end of "Designated Survivors".
Cleopatra Coleman as Erica Dundee, an Australian woman and self-described "political nerd." After the outbreak of the virus, she met Gail at the White House and the two became traveling companions. They discover Phil upon spotting a fire he started, then move in with the rest of the survivors. In the second season, Erica becomes pregnant with Phil II's child but decides to not involve him in their child's life when he openly flirts with Carol. In "Smart and Stupid," she tells Mike, whom she is dating, that she was imprisoned for armed bank robbery before traveling to the United States and getting a job at the State Department under an assumed name. Toward the end of season 3, she gives birth to her daughter, whom she names Dawn. She later starts a romantic relationship with Gail and they get married in season 4.
Mary Steenburgen as Gail Klosterman (recurring season 1; starring seasons 2–4), a chef and former restaurant owner from Wilmington, North Carolina. After the outbreak of the virus, she met another woman named Erica, and the two became traveling companions. Gail mentions having had a husband but does not reveal what happened to him.[21] In the second season, she develops a relationship with another survivor named Gordon, but after Gordon dies of a heart attack, she has trouble finding closure and even dresses up a mannequin to look like Gordon, until she starts dating Todd. In the third season, she tells Carol, who wants Gail to adopt her so her child can have a grandmother, that she also had a child who died before the outbreak of the virus. To avoid being annoyed by Carol about their newly formed family, Gail finds solace in an elevator, but the elevator loses its power and traps her inside until Phil restores the power in "The Spirit of St. Lewis". She begins a romantic relationship with Erica during the six months after the episode "Name 20 Picnics...Now!", which continues into the fourth season and leads to them getting married.

text: Recurring[edit]

text:
Jason Sudeikis as Michael Shelby "Mike" Miller (guest season 1, recurring seasons 2 and 4),[22] the more successful younger brother of Phil (Tandy) and an astronaut who survives in Earth's orbit aboard the International Space Station. Like Phil and his sports balls, he talks to pet worms out of loneliness.[23] He also appears in a still photograph in the premiere episode with his brother and parents.[24] In the season 2 mid-season finale, Mike begins his return to Earth with a newborn companion worm. After he lands in the sea, paranoid seaman Pat Brown abandons him on shore, but he finds his way to Malibu using an "Alive in Tucson" sign, his inference that Phil would have moved into the cul-de-sac following the apocalypse, and a letter from Melissa. Though his sibling rivalry with Phil resurfaces, the brothers eventually reconcile and explain to each other how their parents were proud of them both. In "Smart and Stupid", Mike starts coughing up blood, a sign of the virus, and departs to avoid having the group grieve his death. When Phil finds Mike at their childhood home in Tucson, they spend a day growing closer than ever before Mike begs Phil in his "dying wish" to leave. Phil returns in season 3 to see if Mike is still alive but chooses not to enter Mike's bedroom, leaving without confirming his brother's status. Mike rejoins the group near the end of the fourth season, having recovered from what was actually a weakened immune system he suffered from being in space, and he is happy to learn that his niece, the younger of Phil and Carol's twin daughters, is named Mike in his honor. The thermal imaging device Mike used to find the group soon indicates a mysterious blob, which the group does not initially know means there is a colony of dozens of survivors living nearby. He then leaves in hopes of finding a way to start his own family.
Boris Kodjoe as Philip Stacy "Phil" Miller (seasons 1–2), a former member of the Special Forces from High Point, North Carolina. He discovers the rest of the survivors after finding the original Phil sunburned and unconscious on a billboard. Also a former contractor, his skills with construction—as well as his good looks—soon make him a favorite among the women in the group. He and the original Phil, who must go by "Tandy" after losing a competition to him, become rivals shortly after meeting.[25] In the second season, he openly flirts with Carol, then tries to make amends with Erica when he learns she is pregnant with his child. Just as he mends his relationship with her, he suffers from appendicitis and requests that Erica not let Tandy help raise their child if he does not survive. He finally dies during a botched appendectomy performed by Gail and Todd, neither of whom has medical experience. After the group says goodbye to Phil, Tandy learns that, despite Phil's earlier claim that he had no middle name, his middle name was Stacy.
Mark Boone Junior as Patrick "Pat" Brown (seasons 2–4), the first person Mike encounters after returning to Earth. A former tennis champion and ice cream truck driver, he wanders the sea on a yacht, fearing that the virus has still contaminated the land and that anyone he meets could be carrying it. He also believes the U.S. government has gone into hiding in bunkers and plotted a conspiracy to trap survivors. He abandons Mike in Miami when he thinks he has accidentally killed him by exposing him to the virus. Between the events of "Pitch Black" and "30 Years of Science Down the Tubes", Pat meets two other survivors named Darrell and Lewis while sailing around North America via the Northwest Passage. Armed with rifles, the three men approach the Malibu mansion at the start of the third season.[26] Although Pat and Lewis convince the group of their peaceful intent, Pat suddenly turns on them when he realizes Phil and Mike are related, but he is hit with the A-Team van as everyone else escapes from him in it. He is presumed dead until his body and boat vanish. When he sees the group driving towards a marina at the end of season 3, Pat tries to kill them before Pamela shoots him in the head.
Kenneth Choi as Lewis (season 3), a gay arborist from Seattle whose partner Mark is presumed to have been killed by the virus. He first comes to Malibu as part of Pat's crew but defects and joins the main group when Pat refuses to make peace with Phil (Tandy). He greatly fears Pat, especially since Pat told him he previously killed someone (Mike).[27] After moving into a self-sustaining office building in San Jose with the rest of the group, he considers the possibility that Mark might still be alive in Tokyo and begins teaching himself aviation so he can fly there and investigate.[28] In the middle of season 3, Lewis is killed 10 seconds after takeoff when he attempts his first flight in a real plane.
Kristen Wiig as Pamela Brinton (seasons 3–4),[29] a wealthy socialite and philanthropist who hid from the virus in an underground bunker with her dog Jeremy. During her time in the bunker, she learned to pilot its surveillance drone, which Gail first saw near the end of the second season. She leaves upon discovering the others even though the connection is lost.[30] Pamela introduces herself to the group after shooting Pat in the head to save them. She then abducts Phil for herself upon hearing the other ladies' plans to abandon her, but she redeems herself as she realizes the errors of her actions and joins castaway Glenn on a search for his children.
Keith L. Williams as Jasper (seasons 3–4), an initially silent young boy who is discovered in the background of Carol and Gail's family photos wearing a Yoda costume. Phil names him "Jasper" after his JanSport backpack, and the child chooses Erica as his parental figure despite Phil's attempts to bond with him. Six months after his first exposure to every major holiday packed into one party by the adults, he starts speaking. Following the births of Dawn, Bezequille, and Mike, Carol and Erica begin competing for their children to start relationships with Jasper so they don’t end up alone without any playmates. Jasper becomes uncomfortable with this competition along with Todd’s repeated attempts to bond with him, so he runs away from the house. Two episodes after his disappearance, Melissa, seemingly the only adult who can bond with Jasper, reveals that she knows his location and has been dropping off coolers of food near him so he can eat.
Chris Elliott as Glenn (season 4), a castaway whom the group meets on a remote island in the Pacific Ocean. He missed the apocalypse and thus knows nothing about the virus until Carol informs him about it, then joins the group in their return to the mainland, where he begins a relationship with Pamela and invites her on a search for his children.
Fred Armisen as Karl Cowperthwaite (season 4),[31] a cannibalistic serial killer who was arrested before the outbreak of the virus and placed in a prison near Zihuatanejo, Mexico, where Phil and Todd find him while looking for Jasper. His preferred method of killing his victims is by bringing them to his house, painting portraits of them, and killing them, presumably with a knife. Karl kills the only other survivor in the prison, a guard named Martinez (Geoffrey Rivas), who had planned to leave Karl to die alone, before Phil and Todd find him. Karl steals Martinez’s uniform and identity and is welcomed into the main group, but Phil and Todd soon catch him eating part of a long-deceased corpse. Though the survivors put him back in prison, Karl escapes and is eventually killed after he solves a Rubik's Cube, setting off a bomb hidden inside it.

text: Guests[edit]

text:
Alexandra Daddario as Victoria (season 1), an attractive woman that Phil (Tandy) hallucinates before he meets Carol.[32]
Will Ferrell as Gordon Vanderkruik[12] (season 2), a survivor living in Malibu, who dies from a heart attack from the shock of Carol's sudden appearance. When Gordon first met the other survivors some time between the events of the first and second seasons, he developed a relationship with Gail. His grave indicates that he was born in 1978 and died in 2023.[12]
Jon Hamm as Darrell (season 3), a man who sails to Malibu with Pat and Lewis but is shot and killed by Melissa in the ensuing confusion on their intentions.[27]
Laura Dern as Catherine (season 3), Pamela's socialite friend, who purchases a bunker to hide from the virus, but ultimately succumbs to it before she can enter.[30]
Timothy V. Murphy as Benjamin Brinton (season 3), Pamela's husband, who dies from the virus.[30]
Jack Black as Rear Admiral Roy Billups (season 4), a United States Navy officer and Pamela's lover whom Pat shoots before she finally kills Pat outright.
Alma Martinez as "La Abuela" Gordillo (season 4), a Mexican drug cartel leader who, in a flashback to 2017, occupies the Zihuatanejo mansion wherein the main group settles in the present before she is slain by her henchman Panchito.
Jack Guzman as Hector (season 4), one of La Abuela's henchmen who, in a flashback to 2017, prepares a bomb to avoid being killed by her before hiding the bomb in a Rubik's Cube.
Leighton Meester as Zoe (season 4), a woman with whom Karl goes on an unsuccessful date.
Martin Short as an unnamed sport utility vehicle driver (season 4), whom Karl kills so he can quickly escape to Mexico.

text: Background and production[edit]

text: The show originated from the writing team of Phil Lord and Christopher Miller, who had the idea initially for a feature film. They approached longtime collaborator and former Saturday Night Live cast member Will Forte with the premise, who "took a spark to it and took it in his own direction", according to Miller.[33] He was partially inspired by the series Life After People. "I love comedy where there's a lot of tension and even though it's very far-fetched, it seems very relatable", said Forte of the premise.[34] Forte's treatment for the series, crafted over a weekend, was pitched around Hollywood to positive responses. They mainly pitched to cable and Internet services, as Forte believed a broadcast network would be stricter on content.[33] In their pitch, much of the outline of the series' first season was formulated.[35] Fox, the show's eventual distributor, was instead doing "something different" and specific to his vision, according to Miller.[33]

text: Forte spoke on the show's creative freedom in a 2015 interview:

text: I think we always saw this as more of a cable show, to be honest. They claimed from the get-go that they didn't want to change the tone of the show, and I think I went in with an eyebrow raised, thinking, okay, well when's it going to come out that we have to change it around? And they were great. They stuck by their pledge and let us make this different type of show. We're so happy to have had this experience. It was just a great, great experience with Fox.[35]

text: Filming the series was challenging. For example, maintaining silence and not picking up sounds of cars in the distance made it difficult.[34] In addition to Forte's fascination with Life After People, similar films bandied about while writing the show included The Omega Man, I Am Legend, and 28 Days Later.[35] Fox particularly appreciated the heart of the story, with its universal theme. According to Lord, "We always talked about that this is a person who is very flawed, and a person who maybe needed the entire world to end in order for him to become his best self. [...] That was our big thought, well here's a guy who maybe he wasn't the best guy in the regular world, but if you took the regular world away, could he eventually get back to being the person that all of us hope that we can be."[35]

text: The name of the main character, Phil Tandy Miller, is based on the names of the two executive producers Phil Lord and Christopher Miller.[36] According to Miller, "there are no zombies" in the series.[37]

text: For the second season, Dan Sterling joined as executive producer and took over the role of showrunner from Forte, who was the showrunner for the first season.[38]

text: The main recording location for the series is a 20th Century Fox studio in Chatsworth, California.[39][40][41]

text: Episodes[edit]

text:
Season
Episodes
Originally aired

First aired
Last aired

1
13
March 1, 2015 (2015-03-01)
May 3, 2015 (2015-05-03)

2
18
September 27, 2015 (2015-09-27)
May 15, 2016 (2016-05-15)

3
18
September 25, 2016 (2016-09-25)
May 7, 2017 (2017-05-07)

4
18
October 1, 2017 (2017-10-01)
May 6, 2018 (2018-05-06)

tag: table

text: Reception[edit]

text: Ratings[edit]

text: For its one-hour premiere, The Last Man on Earth received 5.75 million viewers with an average 2.4 rating among adults 18–49, making it the highest-rated broadcast series of the evening in that demographic.[42] While ratings declined overall, the show did well enough with young male viewers to justify renewal.[43]

text:
Season
Timeslot (ET)
Episodes
First aired
Last aired
TV season
Rank
Avg. viewers
(millions)

Date
Viewers
(millions)
Date
Viewers
(millions)

1
Sunday 9:30 pm
13
March 1, 2015
5.75[42]
May 3, 2015
3.51[44]
2014–15
93[45]
6.07[45]

2
18
September 27, 2015
3.14[46]
May 15, 2016
2.23[47]
2015–16
114[48]
4.23[48]

3
18
September 25, 2016
2.23[49]
May 7, 2017
1.80[50]
2016–17
122[51]
3.29[51]

4
18
October 1, 2017
2.28[52]
May 6, 2018
1.66[53]
2017–18
TBD
TBD

text: Critical reception[edit]

text:
My recommendation comes with a caveat: there is no roadmap for this kind of show, and it could easily fall apart quickly. But I will say this for The Last Man on Earth: it does not seem like the sort of thing that would be a primetime network sitcom. And that's precisely why it should be one.
“
”

James Poniewozik of Time[54]

tag: div

text: The Last Man on Earth has received generally positive reviews from critics. On Metacritic, which assigns a normalized rating out of 100 based on reviews from critics, the first season has a score of 72, based on 30 reviews, indicating "generally favorable reviews".[55] On Rotten Tomatoes, the season has an 85% approval rating with an average score of 7.74 out of 10 based on 46 reviews. The site's critical consensus is, "It may run out of steam before the season's over, but The Last Man on Earth's ambitious concept and comedic undertone are enough to lure viewers in."[56] Tim Goodman of The Hollywood Reporter called the show "a genre-busting breakout that's creative, nuanced and inspired".[57] Robert Bianco of USA Today praised Forte's "audacity, inventiveness and achievement".[58] Hank Stuever of The Washington Post called it "a charming and intelligent sendup of pop culture's obsession with the end of everything".[59] Slate's Willa Paskin called the program "well-made, polished, odd, surprisingly funny".[60] "For a show that shouldn't really work at all, Last Man works pretty well", remarked Margaret Lyons of Vulture.[61]

text: Entertainment Weekly's Jeff Jensen called it "profoundly funny", and sustainable if it continues the "ingenuity, surprises, and craftsmanship".[36] "I was impressed by The Last Man on Earth, and hope it can continue to spin stories and character development out of its somewhat narrow premise", wrote Matthew Gilbert of The Boston Globe.[62]

text: Several critics, such as Maureen Ryan of The Huffington Post[17] and David Hinckley of the New York Daily News, have questioned the show's future.[63] Mike Hale of The New York Times deemed the show "well made, meticulous in its comic details and pleasantly acted", though noting that part of the show's appeal "dissipates" past the pilot episode.[64] Brian Lowry of Variety opined that "the premise calls for a level of creativity from the producers that these episodes don't consistently deliver. That's not to say 'I wouldn't watch him if he were the last man on Earth.' But like the fate of humanity within the series, while the future certainly isn't hopeless, neither does it look particularly bright."[65]

text: Subsequent seasons have also received positive reviews from critics. On Rotten Tomatoes, the second season has an 83% approval rating with an average score of 7.76 out of 10 based on 12 reviews. The site's critical consensus is, "Season two of The Last Man on Earth brings a change of venue and renewed focus on the chemistry between Forte and Schaal, and may win back some viewers who were turned off in season one."[66] The third season has a 78% approval rating with an average score of 7.09 out of 10 based on 9 reviews.[67] The fourth season has a 100% approval rating with an average score of 7 out of 10 based on 5 reviews.[68]

text: Accolades[edit]

text:
Year
Award
Category
Recipients
Result
Ref.

2015
Critics' Choice Television Award
Best Actor in a Comedy Series
Will Forte
Nominated
[69]

Primetime Emmy Award
Outstanding Lead Actor in a Comedy Series
Will Forte
Nominated
[70]

Outstanding Writing for a Comedy Series
Will Forte for "Alive in Tucson"
Nominated

Outstanding Directing for a Comedy Series
Phil Lord and Christopher Miller for "Alive in Tucson"
Nominated

Outstanding Single-Camera Picture Editing for a Comedy Series
Stacey Schroeder
Nominated

EWwy Award
Outstanding Comedy Series
The Last Man on Earth
Nominated
[71]

Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series
Kristen Schaal
Nominated
[72]

68th Writers Guild of America Awards
New Series
The Last Man on Earth
Nominated
[73]

Episodic Comedy
Will Forte ("Alive in Tucson")
Nominated

2016
6th Critics' Choice Television Awards
Best Comedy Series
The Last Man on Earth
Nominated
[74]

Best Actor in a Comedy Series
Will Forte
Nominated

68th Primetime Emmy Awards
Outstanding Lead Actor in a Comedy Series
Will Forte
Nominated
[75]

text: Home media[edit]

text: The first season was released on DVD in region 1 on September 22, 2015. The set contains audio commentaries for "The Elephant in the Room" and "Screw the Moon"; The Last Man on Earth Q&A Panel; "Survival of the Funniest: Creating The Last Man on Earth" featurette; deleted scenes; and a gag reel.[76]


document_title: Red Flags Rule

question_text: what does the red flags rule require banks to establish

text: Red Flags Rule

text: History[edit]

text: The Red Flags Rule was based on section 114 and 315 of the Fair and Accurate Credit Transactions Act of 2003[3] (FACTA).

text: FACTA was put in place to help

text:
Identity Theft Prevention and Credit History Restoration,
Improvements in Use of and Consumer Access to Credit Information,
Enhancing the Accuracy of Consumer Report Information,
Limiting the Use and Sharing of Medical Information in the Financial System,
Financial Literacy and Education Improvement,
Protecting Employee Misconduct Investigations, and
Relation to State Laws.[4]

text: Coverage[edit]

text: There are two different groups that this rule applies to: Financial Institutions and Creditors.[5] Financial institution is defined as a state or national bank, a state or federal savings and loan association, a mutual savings bank, a state or federal credit union, or any other entity that holds a “transaction account” belonging to a consumer.[6] FACTA’s definition of “creditor” applies to any entity that regularly extends or renews credit – or arranges for others to do so – and includes all entities that regularly permit deferred payments for goods or services [7]

text: The definition of a creditor was clarified by the Red Flag Program Clarification Act of 2010.[2] Under the Clarification Act, a creditor regularly and in the course of business:

text:
Obtains or uses consumer credit reports;
Provides information to consumer reporting agencies; or
Advances funds which must be repaid in the future (or against collateral).

text: This definition was further clarified United States Court of Appeals For the District of Columbia Circuit in its March 4, 2010 ruling on The American Bar Association vs. Federal Trade Commission.[8] The court affirmed Senator Dodd's statement regarding the bill that "lawyers, doctors, ... and other service providers [are] no longer classified as 'creditors' for the purpose of the red flags rule just because they do not receive payment in full from their clients at the time they provide their services."

text: There are many different companies that this rule applies to: this list includes, but is not limited to finance companies, automobile dealers, mortgage brokers, utility companies, and telecommunications companies; or any other company that advances funds or routinely interacts with consumer credit agencies when performing a service and receiving payment once the work is complete

text: Elements[edit]

text: The Red Flags Rule sets out how certain businesses and organizations must develop, implement, and administer their Identity Theft Prevention Programs. The program must include four basic elements, which together create a framework to address the threat of identity theft.[9][10]

text: The program has four elements:

text: 1) Identify Relevant Red Flags

text: Identify likely business-specific identity theft red flags

text: 2) Detect Red Flags

text: Define procedures to detect red flags in day-to-day operations

text: 3) Prevent and Mitigate Identity Theft

text: Act to prevent and mitigate harm when red flags are identified

text: 4) Update Program

text: Maintain the red flag program, including educating operational staff

text: The Red Flags Rules provide all financial institutions and creditors the opportunity to design and implement a program that is appropriate to their size and complexity, as well as the nature of their operations.[6]

text: The red flags fall into five categories:

text:
alerts, notifications, or warnings from a consumer reporting agency[6]
suspicious documents[6]
suspicious identifying information, such as a suspicious address[6]
unusual use of – or suspicious activity relating to – a covered account[6]
notices from customers, victims of identity theft, law enforcement authorities, or other businesses about possible identity theft in connection with covered accounts[6]

text: The FTC has a created a template for businesses that can be populated to meet an individual company's needs. The template can be found on the FTC website. This template however is appropriate only for small, very low risk businesses.

text: Compliance[edit]

text: The Fair Credit Reporting Act of 1970, as amended in 2003 (FCRA), required several federal agencies to issue joint rules and guidelines regarding the detection, prevention, and mitigation of identity theft for entities that are subject to their respective enforcement authorities (also known as the “identity theft red flags rules”).[11] Those agencies were the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC), the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (Federal Reserve Board), the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC), the Office of Thrift Supervision (OTS), the National Credit Union Administration (NCUA), and the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) (together, the “Agencies”). In 2007, the Agencies issued joint final identity theft red flags rules.[12]

text: On January 1, 2011, the FTC began enforcing its Fair and Accurate Credit Transactions Act of 2003 (FACT Act) Red Flags Rule. The Red Flags Rule requires that each "financial institution" or "creditor"—which includes most securities firms—implement a written program to detect, prevent and mitigate identity theft in connection with the opening or maintenance of "covered accounts." These include consumer accounts that permit multiple payments or transactions, such as a retail brokerage account, credit card account, margin account, checking or savings account, or any other accounts with a reasonably foreseeable risk to customers or your firm from identity theft.

text: On July 21, 2011, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (Dodd-Frank Act) transferred responsibility for rulemaking and enforcement of identity theft red flag rules and guidelines to the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) for the firms they regulate.

text: On April 19, 2013 the SEC and CFTC published their joint final Identity Theft Red Flags Rule and guidelines to be effective May 20, 2013, with a compliance date of November 20, 2013. The rule and guidelines do not contain requirements that were not already in the FTC Red Flags Rule and guidelines, and do not expand the scope of that rule to include new categories of entities that the rule did not already cover. They do, however, contain examples and minor language changes designed to help guide entities within the SEC's enforcement authority in complying with the rule, which may lead some entities that had not previously complied with the rule to determine that they fall within the scope of the rule that the SEC and CFTC adopted.

text: Red Flag Rule and identity theft[edit]

text: As the Red Flag rule widely defines creditors, many businesses (such as utilities)[13] are required to collect personal information (such as SSN and Driver’s License Numbers) that are not needed for business purposes. This policy is contrary to the FTC’s advice to consumers that they should disclose their social security number to others only when absolutely necessary.[14] This aspect of the Red Flag rule has the unintended consequences of increasing the number of business that hold consumers' Social Security numbers thereby putting consumers at greater risk for identity theft through data theft and increasing costs for businesses who are required to secure this data.


document_title: 55 Central Park West

question_text: where is the ghostbusters building in new york

text: 55 Central Park West

text: History[edit]

text: Plans for the building, between 65th and 66th Streets, were filed by architectural firm Schwartz and Gross at the behest of Victor Earle and John C. Calhoun, for whom they were working. Earle, and his brother Guyon, had been actively developing the Upper West Side of New York City since the 1910s.[3]

text: The structure is considered to be mostly "second tier"[4] by the socialite New Yorkers who occupy most of the buildings along Central Park West. It was opened as a rental property in 1930. Its neighbor to the south is the earlier Holy Trinity Lutheran Church. Upon its opening Real Estate magazine praised it as resembling "Jungfrau, that most beloved snowcapped Alpine peak."[4]

text: Musician Rudy Vallee was one of the building's earliest residents.[4] Ginger Rogers was one of its residents during her Broadway days in the early 1930s.[5] Hat designer Lilly Dache with husband Jean Despres of Coty Perfume were residents following their 1931 marriage until 1935. Other residents of the building have included Donna Karan,[6] Calvin Klein, Ring Lardner, Jr., and Marsha Mason.[7] The duplex penthouse on the 19th and 20th floors was owned by composer Jerry Herman in the 1970s, before he sold it for $1 million to Klein (who later sold it, and then bought it again in the 1990s). David Geffen later purchased it for $6 million, before selling it for $8.6 million to music executive Steve Gottlieb, who in turn listed it the week his record label TVT Records filed for bankruptcy.[7][8] He sold the apartment to Marc Lasry (co-founder and CEO of the Avenue Capital Group) for $33 million in 2014.[7][8][9]

text: Architecture[edit]

text: The building was the first fully Art Deco structure on the street.[3]

text: Interior[edit]

text: When the building opened in 1930 it had apartments ranging from three to nine rooms, the largest of which had four bedrooms. The apartments featured a dropped living room, developed by the Earle brothers, which set the interior apart from most others constructed around the same period. An original rental brochure shows the dropped living room nearly entirely open to the entrance gallery; traditionally the gallery was held as a different room.[3]

text: Exterior[edit]

text: The exterior of the building is somewhat non-traditional. As the brick facade rises from the ground it changes shade from deep purple to yellow-white. Color was widely used during the 1920s as a tool in architecture for overall effects. The rental brochure stated: "new modernistic design of exterior with beautiful shaded color scheme". The New Yorker's architecture critic, George S. Chappell, praised the building's use of color, said, "the total effect is exhilarating."[3]

text: Significance[edit]

text: The building is a contributing property to the Central Park West Historic District, which was added to the National Register of Historic Places on November 9, 1982.[1][10] It is also a contributing property to the New York City's Upper West Side/Central Park West local historic district. Benjamin Schwarz, writing for The Atlantic, said of the buildings along Central Park West, "no endeavor on earth is more arduous than getting into one of these buildings," and specifically cited the "details of Donna Karan's deal for her digs at 55 Central Park West."[6]

text: The building holds significance in American popular culture as it was featured prominently in the 1984 film Ghostbusters. In the film, 55 Central Park West was the residence of the Ghostbusters' first client, cellist Dana Barrett played by Sigourney Weaver. They learn it was designed and constructed by insane architect/surgeon Ivo Shandor, who started and led a secret society, The Cult of Gozer. Consisting of over a thousand followers, The Cult was dedicated to the worship of Gozer The Gozerian, an ancient, ultra-powerful, apocalyptic being. The Gozerian Cult performed rituals on the rooftop temple as early as 1920, seeking to summon Gozer and end the world.[11] The actual building, however, was not built until 1929.[3] Since the building was used in the 1984 movie, it has been known as the "Ghostbusters Building" or "Spook Central," though it was portrayed as much taller and with the rooftop demonic shrine,[4][11] via the eight floors that were added to exterior shots of it via matte painting by Production designer/Art director John DeCuir. The Gozerian Temple consisted of its massive, ornate shrine, altars, obelisks and the iconic Terror Dog statues depicting demigods Zuul The Gatekeeper and Vinz Clortho The Keymaster.[12]