document_title: List of National Basketball Association single-game scoring leaders

question_text: who has scored most points in nba game

question_tokens: who has scored most points in nba game

text: Key[edit]

text:
^

Denotes player who is currently active in the NBA

*

Denotes player who has been inducted into the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame

Occurred in playoff competition

Player's team lost the game

MP
Minutes played
FGM
Field goals made
FGA
Field goal attempts

3PM
3-point field goals made
3PA
3-point field goal attempts
DNP
Did not play

FTM
Free throws made
FTA
Free throw attempts

text: List[edit]

text:
Rank

Points

Player

Date

1st

2nd

3rd

4th

Team

Opponent

Score

MP

FGM

FGA

3PM

3PA

FTM

FTA

Notes

Ref.

Scoring by quarter

1

100

Wilt Chamberlain*

March 2, 1962

23

18

28

31

Philadelphia Warriors

New York Knicks

169–147

48

36

63

—

—

28

32

[A]

[1][2] [3][4][5]

2

81

Kobe Bryant

January 22, 2006

14

12

27

28

Los Angeles Lakers

Toronto Raptors

122–104

41:56

28

46

7

13

18

20

[B]

[6][7][8]

3

78

Wilt Chamberlain*

December 8, 1961

—

—

—

—

Philadelphia Warriors

Los Angeles Lakers

147–151

63

31

62

—

—

16

31

[C]

[5]

4

73

Wilt Chamberlain*

January 13, 1962

—

—

—

—

Philadelphia Warriors

Chicago Packers

135–117

48

29

48

—

—

15

25

[D]

[5]

73

Wilt Chamberlain*

November 16, 1962

—

—

—

—

San Francisco Warriors

New York Knicks

127–111

48

29

43

—

—

15

19

[E]

[9]

73

David Thompson*

April 9, 1978

32

21

9

11

Denver Nuggets

Detroit Pistons

137–139

43

28

38

—

—

17

20

[F]

7

72

Wilt Chamberlain*

November 3, 1962

—

—

—

—

San Francisco Warriors

Los Angeles Lakers

115–127

—

29

48

—

—

14

18

[9]

8

71

Elgin Baylor*

November 15, 1960

—

—

—

—

Los Angeles Lakers

New York Knicks

123–108

45

28

48

—

—

15

18

[G]

71

David Robinson*

April 24, 1994

18

6

19

28

San Antonio Spurs

Los Angeles Clippers

112–97

44

26

41

1

2

18

25

[H]

[10][11]

10

70

Wilt Chamberlain*

March 10, 1963

—

—

—

—

San Francisco Warriors

Syracuse Nationals

148–163

48

27

38

—

—

16

22

[9]

70

Devin Booker^

March 24, 2017

10

9

23

28

Phoenix Suns

Boston Celtics

120–130

45

21

40

4

11

24

26

[I]

12

69

Michael Jordan*

March 28, 1990

16

15

20

18

Chicago Bulls

Cleveland Cavaliers

117–113

50

23

37

2

6

21

23

[J]

[12][13][14]

13

68

Wilt Chamberlain*

December 16, 1967

14

15

15

24

Philadelphia 76ers

Chicago Bulls

143–123

—

30

40

—

—

8

22

68

Pete Maravich*

February 25, 1977

17

14

17

20

New Orleans Jazz

New York Knicks

124–107

43

26

43

—

—

16

19

15

67

Wilt Chamberlain*

March 9, 1961

—

—

—

—

Philadelphia Warriors

New York Knicks

135–126

—

27

37

—

—

13

17

67

Wilt Chamberlain*

February 17, 1962

—

—

—

—

Philadelphia Warriors

St. Louis Hawks

121–128

48

26

44

—

—

15

20

[5]

67

Wilt Chamberlain*

February 25, 1962

—

—

—

—

Philadelphia Warriors

New York Knicks

135–149

48

25

38

—

—

17

22

[5]

67

Wilt Chamberlain*

January 11, 1963

—

—

—

—

San Francisco Warriors

Los Angeles Lakers

129–134

—

28

47

—

—

11

17

[9]

19

66

Wilt Chamberlain*

February 9, 1969

17

17

22

10

Los Angeles Lakers

Phoenix Suns

134–116

48

29

35

—

—

8

18

[K]

20

65

Wilt Chamberlain*

February 13, 1962

—

—

—

—

Philadelphia Warriors

Cincinnati Royals

132–152

48

24

40

—

—

17

30

[5]

65

Wilt Chamberlain*

February 27, 1962

—

—

—

—

Philadelphia Warriors

St. Louis Hawks

147–137

48

25

43

—

—

15

20

[5]

65

Wilt Chamberlain*

February 7, 1966

—

—

—

—

Philadelphia 76ers

Los Angeles Lakers

132–125

—

28

43

—

—

9

20

65

Kobe Bryant

March 16, 2007

4

19

9

24

Los Angeles Lakers

Portland Trail Blazers

116–111

49:58

23

39

8

12

11

12

[L]

[15]

24

64

Elgin Baylor*

November 8, 1959

13

12

17

22

Minneapolis Lakers

Boston Celtics

136–115

—

25

47

—

—

14

19

[M]

64

Rick Barry*

March 26, 1974

—

—

23

22

Golden State Warriors

Portland Trail Blazers

143–120

43

30

45

—

—

4

5

64

Michael Jordan*

January 16, 1993

22

8

11

16

Chicago Bulls

Orlando Magic

124–128

47

27

49

1

5

9

11

[N]

[16]

27

63

Joe Fulks*

February 10, 1949

—

—

—

—

Philadelphia Warriors

Indianapolis Jets

108–87

—

27

56

—

—

9

14

[O]

63

Elgin Baylor*

December 8, 1961

—

—

—

—

Los Angeles Lakers

Philadelphia Warriors

151–147

—

23

55

—

—

17

24

[P]

[17]

63

Jerry West*

January 17, 1962

—

—

—

—

Los Angeles Lakers

New York Knicks

129–121

39

22

36

—

—

19

22

63

Wilt Chamberlain*

December 14, 1962

—

—

—

—

San Francisco Warriors

Los Angeles Lakers

118–120

—

24

41

—

—

15

20

[9]

63

Wilt Chamberlain*

November 26, 1964

—

—

—

—

San Francisco Warriors

Philadelphia 76ers

117–128

—

27

58

—

—

9

20

63

George Gervin*

April 9, 1978

20

33

10

DNP

San Antonio Spurs

New Orleans Jazz

132–153

33

23

49

—

—

17

20

[Q]

63

Michael Jordan*

April 20, 1986

17

6

13

18

Chicago Bulls

Boston Celtics

131–135

53

22

41

0

0

19

21

[R]

34

62

Wilt Chamberlain*

January 14, 1962

—

—

—

—

Philadelphia Warriors

Boston Celtics

136–145

48

27

45

—

—

8

10

[5]

62

Wilt Chamberlain*

January 17, 1962

—

—

—

—

Philadelphia Warriors

St. Louis Hawks

136–130

53

24

48

—

—

14

20

[S]

[5]

62

Wilt Chamberlain*

January 21, 1962

—

—

—

—

Philadelphia Warriors

Syracuse Nationals

139–132

53

25

42

—

—

12

17

[T]

[5]

62

Wilt Chamberlain*

January 29, 1963

—

—

—

—

San Francisco Warriors

New York Knicks

123–103

—

27

44

—

—

8

17

[9]

62

Wilt Chamberlain*

November 15, 1964

—

—

—

—

San Francisco Warriors

Cincinnati Royals

122–106

—

26

44

—

—

10

21

62

Wilt Chamberlain*

March 3, 1966

—

—

—

—

Philadelphia 76ers

San Francisco Warriors

135–125

—

26

39

—

—

10

19

62

Tracy McGrady*

March 10, 2004

7

21

24

10

Orlando Magic

Washington Wizards

108–99

45:50

20

37

5

14

17

26

[18]

62

Kobe Bryant

December 20, 2005

15

17

30

DNP

Los Angeles Lakers

Dallas Mavericks

112–90

32:53

18

31

4

10

22

25

[U]

[19][20]

62

Carmelo Anthony^

January 24, 2014

20

17

19

6

New York Knicks

Charlotte Bobcats

125–96

38:39

23

35

6

11

10

10

[V]

[21]

43

61

George Mikan*

January 20, 1952

18

18

—

—

Minneapolis Lakers

Rochester Royals

91–81

—

22

45

—

—

17

21

[W]

61

Wilt Chamberlain*

December 9, 1961

—

—

—

—

Philadelphia Warriors

Chicago Packers

135–113

48

28

48

—

—

5

10

[5]

61

Wilt Chamberlain*

February 22, 1962

—

—

—

—

Philadelphia Warriors

St. Louis Hawks

139–121

48

21

36

—

—

19

34

[5]

61

Wilt Chamberlain*

February 28, 1962

—

—

—

—

Philadelphia Warriors

Chicago Packers

128–119

48

24

46

—

—

13

17

[5]

61

Elgin Baylor*

April 14, 1962

18

15

13

15

Los Angeles Lakers

Boston Celtics

126–121

—

22

46

—

—

17

19

[X]

61

Wilt Chamberlain*

November 21, 1962

—

—

—

—

San Francisco Warriors

Cincinnati Royals

139–143

—

27

52

—

—

7

15

[9]

61

Wilt Chamberlain*

December 11, 1962

—

—

—

—

San Francisco Warriors

Syracuse Nationals

136–124

—

27

57

—

—

7

11

[9]

61

Wilt Chamberlain*

December 18, 1962

—

—

—

—

San Francisco Warriors

St. Louis Hawks

130–110

—

26

53

—

—

9

14

[9]

61

Michael Jordan*

March 4, 1987

14

10

7

26

Chicago Bulls

Detroit Pistons

125–120

43

22

39

0

0

17

18

[Y]

[22][23][24]

61

Michael Jordan*

April 16, 1987

15

17

16

13

Chicago Bulls

Atlanta Hawks

114–117

41

22

38

0

3

17

21

[Z]

[25][26][27][28][29]

61

Karl Malone*

January 27, 1990

17

13

20

11

Utah Jazz

Milwaukee Bucks

144–96

33

21

26

0

0

19

23

[30]

61

Shaquille O'Neal*

March 6, 2000

10

16

16

19

Los Angeles Lakers

Los Angeles Clippers

123–103

44:52

24

35

0

0

13

22

[AA]

[31]

61

Kobe Bryant

February 2, 2009

18

16

12

15

Los Angeles Lakers

New York Knicks

126–117

36:48

19

31

3

6

20

20

[32]

61

LeBron James^

March 3, 2014

11

13

25

12

Miami Heat

Charlotte Bobcats

124–107

41:12

22

33

8

10

9

12

[AB]

[33][34]

57

60

Wilt Chamberlain*

December 1, 1961

—

—

—

—

Philadelphia Warriors

Los Angeles Lakers

138–117

48

22

47

—

—

16

26

[5]

60

Wilt Chamberlain*

December 29, 1961

—

—

—

—

Philadelphia Warriors

Los Angeles Lakers

123–118

48

24

43

—

—

12

19

[AC]

[5]

60

Wilt Chamberlain*

January 26, 1969

18

9

10

23

Los Angeles Lakers

Cincinnati Royals

126–113

—

22

36

—

—

16

24

[AD]

60

Bernard King*

December 25, 1984

21

19

11

9

New York Knicks

New Jersey Nets

114–120

41

19

30

0

0

22

26

[35]

60

Larry Bird*

March 12, 1985

12

11

19

18

Boston Celtics

Atlanta Hawks

126–115

43

22

36

1

4

15

16

[AE]

[36]

60

Tom Chambers

March 24, 1990

14

21

14

11

Phoenix Suns

Seattle SuperSonics

121–95

42

22

32

0

0

16

18

[37][38][39][40]

60

Allen Iverson*

February 12, 2005

17

12

11

20

Philadelphia 76ers

Orlando Magic

112–99

42:01

17

36

2

5

24

27

[41][42]

60

Gilbert Arenas

December 17, 2006

12

5

12

15

Washington Wizards

Los Angeles Lakers

147–141

49:00

17

32

5

12

21

27

[AF]

[43]

60

Kobe Bryant

March 22, 2007

13

11

19

17

Los Angeles Lakers

Memphis Grizzlies

121–119

45:11

20

37

3

7

17

18

[AG]

[44]

60

Kobe Bryant

April 13, 2016

15

7

15

23

Los Angeles Lakers

Utah Jazz

101–96

42

22

50

6

21

10

12

[AH]

[45][46]

60

Klay Thompson^

December 5, 2016

17

23

20

DNP

Golden State Warriors

Indiana Pacers

142–106

29

21

33

8

14

10

11

[AI]

[47]

60

James Harden^

January 30, 2018

16

13

13

18

Houston Rockets

Orlando Magic

114–107

46:26

19

30

5

14

17

18

[AJ]

[48]


document_title: Olympic symbols

question_text: what do the colors in the olympic rings stand for

root

text: Olympic symbols

text: Motto[edit]

text: The Olympic motto is the hendiatris Citius, Altius, Fortius, which is Latin for "Faster, Higher, Stronger".[1] It was proposed by Pierre de Coubertin upon the creation of the International Olympic Committee in 1894.

tag: p

text: Coubertin borrowed it from his friend Henri Didon, a Dominican priest who was an athletics enthusiast.[2]

text: Coubertin said "These three words represent a programme of moral beauty. The aesthetics of sport are intangible."[2] The motto was introduced in 1924 at the Olympic Games in Paris.[3] A more informal but well-known motto, also introduced by Coubertin, is "The most important thing is not to win but to take part!" Coubertin got this motto from a sermon by the Bishop of Pennsylvania during the 1908 London Games.[4]

text: Rings[edit]

text: The rings are five interlocking rings, colored blue, yellow, black, green and red on a white field, known as the "Olympic rings". The symbol was originally designed in 1912 by Baron Pierre de Coubertin, co-founder of the modern Olympic Games. He appears to have intended the rings to represent the five participating continents: Africa, Asia, America, Australia and Europe.[5] According to Coubertin, the colors of the rings together with the white of the background included the colors composing every competing nation's flag at the time. Upon its initial introduction, Coubertin stated the following in the August 1912 edition of Olympique:[6]

text: ... the six colors [including the flag's white background] combined in this way reproduce the colours of every country without exception. The blue and yellow of Sweden, the blue and white of Greece, the tricolor flags of France, England, the United States, Germany, Belgium, Italy and Hungary, and the yellow and red of Spain are included, as are the innovative flags of Brazil and Australia, and those of ancient Japan and modern China. This, truly, is an international emblem.

text: In his article published in the Olympic Revue the official magazine of the International Olympic Committee in November 1992, the American historian Robert Barney explains that the idea of the interlaced rings came to Pierre de Coubertin when he was in charge of the USFSA, an association founded by the union of two French sports associations and until 1925, responsible for representing the International Olympic Committee in France: The emblem of the union was two interlaced rings (like the vesica piscis typical interlaced marriage rings) and originally the idea of Swiss psychiatrist Carl Jung: for him, the ring symbolized continuity and the human being.[7]

text: The 1914 Congress was suspended due to the outbreak of World War I, but the symbol and flag were later adopted. They would first officially debut at the Games of the VII Olympiad in Antwerp, Belgium in 1920.[8]

text: The symbol's popularity and widespread use began during the lead-up to the 1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin. Carl Diem, president of the Organizing Committee of the 1936 Summer Olympics, wanted to hold a torchbearers' ceremony in the stadium at Delphi, site of the famous oracle, where the Pythian Games were also held. For this reason he ordered construction of a milestone with the Olympic rings carved in the sides, and that a torchbearer should carry the flame along with an escort of three others from there to Berlin. The ceremony was celebrated but the stone was never removed. Later, two American authors, Lynn and Gray Poole, when visiting Delphi in the late 1950s, saw the stone and reported in their History of the Ancient Games[9] that the Olympic rings design came from ancient Greece. This has become known as "Carl Diem's Stone".[10] This created a myth that the symbol had an ancient Greek origin.

text: The current view of the International Olympic Committee (IOC) is that the symbol "reinforces the idea" that the Olympic Movement is international and welcomes all countries of the world to join.[11] As can be read in the Olympic Charter, the Olympic symbol represents the union of the "five continents" of the world and the meeting of athletes from throughout the world at the Olympic Games. However, no continent is represented by any specific ring. Prior to 1951, the official handbook stated that each color corresponded to a particular continent: blue for Europe, yellow for Asia, black for Africa, green for Australia and Oceania and red for the Americas; this was removed because there was no evidence that Coubertin had intended it (the quotation above was probably an afterthought).[12] Nevertheless, the logo of the Association of National Olympic Committees places the logo of each of its five continental associations inside the ring of the corresponding color.

text: Flag[edit]

text: The Olympic flag was created by Pierre de Coubertin in 1914.

text: The Olympic flag has a white background, with five interlaced rings in the centre: blue, yellow, black, green and red. This design is symbolic; it represents the five continents of the world, united by Olympism, while the six colours are those that appear on all the national flags of the world at the present time.

text: Specific flags[edit]

text: There are specific Olympic flags that are displayed by cities that will be hosting the next Olympic games. During each Olympic closing ceremony in what is traditionally known as the Antwerp Ceremony,[14] the flag is passed from the mayor of one host city to the next host, where it will then be taken to the new host and displayed at city hall. These flags should not be confused with the larger Olympic flags designed and created specifically for each games, which are flown over the host stadium and then retired. Because there is no specific flag for this purpose, the flags flown over the stadiums generally have subtle differences, including minor color variations, and, more noticeably, the presence (or lack) of white outlines around each ring.

text: Antwerp flag[edit]

text: The first Olympic flag was presented to the IOC at the 1920 Summer Olympics by the city of Antwerp, Belgium. At the end of the Games, the flag could not be found and a new Olympic flag had to be made for the 1924 Summer Olympics in Paris. Despite it being a replacement, the IOC officially still calls this the "Antwerp Flag" instead of the "Paris Flag".[15] It was passed on to the next organizing city of the Summer Olympics or Winter Olympics until the 1952 Winter Olympics in Oslo, Norway when a separate Olympic flag was created to be used only at the Winter Olympics (see below). The 1924 flag then continued to be used at the Summer Olympics until the Games of Seoul 1988 when it was retired.

text: In 1997, at a banquet hosted by the US Olympic Committee, a reporter was interviewing Hal Haig Prieste who had won a bronze medal in platform diving as a member of the 1920 US Olympic team. The reporter mentioned that the IOC had not been able to find out what had happened to the original Olympic flag. "I can help you with that," Prieste said, "It's in my suitcase." At the end of the Antwerp Olympics, spurred on by teammate Duke Kahanamoku, he climbed a flagpole and stole the Olympic flag. For 77 years the flag was stored away in the bottom of his suitcase. The flag was returned to the IOC by Prieste, by then 103 years old, in a special ceremony held at the 2000 Games in Sydney.[16] The original Antwerp Flag is now on display at the Olympic Museum in Lausanne, Switzerland, with a plaque thanking him for donating it.[17]

text: Oslo flag[edit]

text: The Oslo flag was presented to the IOC by the mayor of Oslo, Norway during the 1952 Winter Olympics. Since then, it has been passed to the next organizing city for the Winter Olympics. Currently, the actual Oslo flag is kept preserved in a special box, and a replica has been used during recent closing ceremonies instead.[18]

text: Seoul flag[edit]

text: As a successor to the Antwerp Flag,[19] the Seoul flag was presented to the IOC at the 1988 Summer Olympics by the city of Seoul, South Korea, and has since then been passed on to the next organizing city of the Summer Olympics. The Seoul flag is currently on display at the Tokyo Metropolitan Government Building.

text: Rio flag[edit]

text: As a successor to the Seoul Flag,[20] the Rio flag was presented to the IOC at the 2016 Summer Olympics by the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and has since then been passed on to the next organizing city of the Summer Olympics.

text: Singapore flag[edit]

text: For the inaugural Youth Olympic Games, an Olympic flag was created for the junior version of the Games. The flag is similar to the Olympic flag, but has the host city and year on it and was first presented to Singapore by IOC President Jacques Rogge.[21][22] During the closing ceremony on 26 August 2010, Singapore officials presented it to the next organizing committee, Nanjing 2014.[23]

text: Flame and torch relay[edit]

text: The modern tradition of moving the Olympic Flame via a relay system from Greece to the Olympic venue began with the Berlin Games in 1936. Months before the Games are held, the Olympic Flame is lit on a torch, with the rays of the Sun concentrated by a parabolic reflector, at the site of the Ancient Olympics in Olympia, Greece. The torch is then taken out of Greece, most often to be taken around the country or continent where the Games are held. The Olympic torch is carried by athletes, leaders, celebrities, and ordinary people alike, and at times in unusual conditions, such as being electronically transmitted via satellite for Montreal 1976, submerged underwater without being extinguished for Sydney 2000, or in space and at the North Pole for Sochi 2014. On the final day of the torch relay, the day of the Opening Ceremony, the Flame reaches the main stadium and is used to light a cauldron situated in a prominent part of the venue to signify the beginning of the Games.

text: Medals[edit]

text: The Olympic medals awarded to winners are another symbol associated with the Olympic games. The medals are made of gold-plated silver (commonly described as gold medals), silver, or bronze, and awarded to the top 3 finishers in a particular event. Each medal for an Olympiad has a common design, decided upon by the organizers for the particular games. From 1928 until 2000, the obverse side of the medals contained an image of Nike, the traditional goddess of victory, holding a palm in her left hand and a winner's crown in her right. This design was created by Giuseppe Cassioli. For each Olympic games, the reverse side as well as the labels for each Olympiad changed, reflecting the host of the games.

text: In 2004, the obverse side of the medals changed to make more explicit reference to the Greek character of the games. In this design, the goddess Nike flies into the Panathenic stadium, reflecting the renewal of the games. The design was by Greek jewelry designer Elena Votsi.[24]

text: Olympic diplomas are given to competitors placing fourth, fifth, and sixth since 1949, and to competitors placing seventh and eighth since 1981.

text: Anthems[edit]

text: The Olympic Hymn, officially known as the Olympic Anthem, is played when the Olympic Flag is raised. It is a musical piece composed by Spyridon Samaras with words written from a poem of the Greek poet and writer Kostis Palamas. Both the poet and the composer were the choice of Demetrius Vikelas, a Greek Pro-European and the first President of the IOC. The anthem was performed for the first time for the ceremony of opening of the 1896 Athens Olympic Games but wasn't declared the official hymn by the IOC until 1957. In the following years, every hosting nation commissioned the composition of a specific Olympic hymn for their own edition of the Games until the 1960 Summer Olympics in Rome.

text: Other notable Olympic anthems and fanfares include:

text:
Olympische Hymne: A composition for orchestra and mixed chorus composed by Richard Strauss for the 1936 Berlin Summer Olympics.
The Olympic Fanfare for the 1952 Helsinki Summer Olympics was originally composed by Aarre Merikanto for the 1940 Summer Olympics, which were cancelled. Merikanto's Fanfare won the fanfare contest organized in Finland in 1939, but the score was lost over a decade; when rediscovered in 1951, it was decided to use this Fanfare in 1952. The popular Fanfare was recorded in 1953.[25]
Bugler's Dream: Written in 1958 by Leo Arnaud as part of his Charge Suite, the theme is often thought of by Americans as the "Olympic theme" due to its usage in television coverage by ABC and NBC, starting with the 1964 Olympics.
The Olympic March: The theme written by Yūji Koseki for the Tokyo 1964 Summer Olympics theme song.
Olympic Fanfare 1972: The winning submission for the Munich 1972 Summer Olympics theme song, used as the TV signature tune of the German Olympic Center (Deutsches Olympia-Zentrum, DOZ) and the prelude to the medal ceremonies, composed by Herbert Rehbein.[26] It was performed by the Orchestra of the Bavarian Broadcasting Company (Orchester des Bayerischen Rundfunks) and members of the Air Force Band Neubiberg, conducted by Willy Mattes.[citation needed]
Olympic Fanfare and Theme: Composed by John Williams for the Los Angeles 1984 Summer Olympics, the theme was performed in the opening ceremonies by the United States Army Herald Trumpets conducted by then-Captain David Deitrick.[27] The first recording, performed by an orchestra composed of Los Angeles-area musicians, was released in its entirety on the LP and cassette album The Official Music of the XXIIIrd Olympiad Los Angeles 1984, with a concurrent Japan-only CD release (which went on to win a Grammy in 1985).[28] A slightly different arrangement of the piece was released on the Philips album By Request: The Best of John Williams and the Boston Pops Orchestra. In 1996, an alternate version of "Olympic Fanfare and Theme" was released on the album Summon the Heroes for the Atlanta Olympic Games, replacing the first part of the piece with Arnaud's Bugler's Dream. The theme was also used in closing ceremony of the 2010 Olympic Games, as the nations' flagbearers entered BC Place Stadium surrounding the Olympic Flame and when the Olympic Flag was brought into the stadium by Vancouver mayor Gregor Robertson.
The Olympic Spirit: The theme written by John Williams for the 1988 Olympics in Seoul and used in the corresponding NBC broadcasts.
Summon the Heroes: The theme written by John Williams for the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta.
The Adventures of Brisco County, Jr.: The theme song to this television show, composed by Randy Edelman, has been used by NBC for its television broadcasts since the 1996 Summer Olympics.
Call of the Champions: The theme written by John Williams for the 2002 Salt Lake Winter Olympics.

tag: ul

text: Several other composers have contributed Olympic music during the years, including Henry Mancini, Francis Lai, Marvin Hamlisch, Philip Glass, David Foster, Mikis Theodorakis, Ryuichi Sakamoto, Vangelis, Basil Poledouris, Michael Kamen, and Mark Watters.

text: Kotinos[edit]

text: The kotinos (Greek: κότινος),[29] is an olive branch, originally of wild olive-tree, intertwined to form a circle or a horse-shoe, introduced by Heracles.[30] In the ancient Olympic Games there were no gold, silver, or bronze medals. There was only one winner per event, crowned with an olive wreath made of wild olive leaves from a sacred tree near the temple of Zeus at Olympia. Aristophanes in Plutus makes a sensible remark why victorious athletes are crowned with wreath made of wild olive instead of gold.[31] The victorious athletes were honored, feted, and praised. Their deeds were heralded and chronicled so that future generations could appreciate their accomplishments.

text: Herodotus describes the following story which is relevant to the olive wreath. Xerxes was interrogating some Arcadians after the Battle of Thermopylae. He inquired why there were so few Greek men defending the Thermopylae. The answer was "All other men are participating in the Olympic Games". And when asked "What is the prize for the winner?", "An olive-wreath" came the answer. Then Tigranes, one of his generals uttered a most noble saying: "Good heavens! Mardonius, what kind of men are these against whom you have brought us to fight? Men who do not compete for possessions, but for honour."[32]

text: However, in later times, this was not their only reward; the athlete was rewarded with a generous sum of money by his country. The kotinos tradition was renewed specifically for the Athens 2004 Games, although in this case it was bestowed together with the gold medal. Apart from its use in the awards-ceremonies, the kotinos was chosen as the 2004 Summer Olympics emblem.

text: Olympic salute[edit]

text: The Olympic salute is a variant of the Roman salute, with the right arm and hand are stretched and pointing upward, the palm is outward and downward, with the fingers touching. However, unlike the Roman Salute, the arm is raised higher and at an angle to the right from the shoulder.[33][34]The greeting is visible on the official posters of the games at Paris 1924[33] and Berlin 1936.[35]

text: The Olympic salute has fallen out of use since World War II because of its strong resemblance to the Nazi salute.[36]

text: Mascots[edit]

text: Since the 1968 Winter Olympics in Grenoble, France, the Olympic Games have had a mascot, usually an animal native to the area or occasionally human figures representing the cultural heritage. The first major mascot in the Olympic Games was Misha in the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow. Misha was used extensively during the opening and closing ceremonies, had a TV animated cartoon and appeared on several merchandise products. Nowadays, most of the merchandise aimed at young people focuses on the mascots, rather than the Olympic flag or organization logos.

text: Intellectual property[edit]

text: The Olympic Movement is very protective of its symbols; as many jurisdictions have given the movement exclusive rights to any interlocking arrangement of five rings, and usage of the word "Olympic" under trademark statutes. (The rings themselves are not eligible for copyright, both because of their date of creation and because five circles arranged in a pattern do not reach the threshold of originality required for copyright to be invoked.) They have taken action against numerous groups alleged to have violated this trademark, including the Gay Games; the Minneapolis-based band The Hopefuls, formerly The Olympic Hopefuls; Redneck Olympics or Redneck Games; Awana Clubs International, a Christian youth ministry who used the term for its competitive games; and Wizards of the Coast, publisher at the time of the IOC's complaint of the card game Legend of the Five Rings. But a few companies have been successful in using the Olympic name, such as Olympic Paint, which even has a paintbrush in the form of a torch as its logo, and the former Greek airline Olympic Airlines.

text: Norwegian brewery Frydenlund designed a label with the five Olympic rings on the brewery's root beer, patenting the label in 1938. In 1952, when Norway was to arrange the Winter Olympics, the Olympic Committee was notified by Norway's Patent Office that it was Frydenlund who owned the rights to the rings. Today, the brewery Ringnes AS owns the rights to continue the tradition with the five rings on its root beer.[37] Certain other sporting organizations and events have been granted permission by the IOC to use the word "Olympics" in their name, such as Special Olympics, an international sporting event held every four years for people with intellectual disabilities.

text: In recent years, organizing committees have also demanded the passing of laws to combat ambush marketing by non-official sponsors during the Games (such as the London Olympic Games and Paralympic Games Act 2006), putting heavy restrictions on using any term or imagery that could constitute an unauthorized association with the games, including mere mentioning of the host city, the year, and others.[38][39]


document_title: Orange Is the New Black

question_text: where is orange is the new black based

question_tokens: where is orange is the new black based

text: Orange Is the New Black

text: Plot[edit]

text: SeasonEpisodesOriginally released113July 11, 2013 (2013-07-11)213June 6, 2014 (2014-06-06)313June 11, 2015 (2015-06-11)413June 17, 2016 (2016-06-17)513June 9, 2017 (2017-06-09)613July 27, 2018 (2018-07-27)

tag: table

text: This section needs expansion with: Main storyline(s) of seasons 1-4. You can help by adding to it. (August 2018)

text: The series begins revolving around Piper Chapman (Taylor Schilling), a woman in her 30s living in New York City who is sentenced to 15 months in Litchfield Penitentiary, a minimum-security women's federal prison (initially operated by the "Federal Department of Corrections". This is a fictional version of the Federal Bureau of Prisons. In later seasons, it was acquired by the Management & Correction Corporation (MCC), a private prison company) in upstate New York. Chapman was convicted of transporting a suitcase full of drug money for her girlfriend Alex Vause (Laura Prepon), an international drug smuggler. The offense had occurred 10 years prior to the start of the series and in that time Piper had moved on to a quiet, law-abiding life among New York's upper middle class. Her sudden and unexpected indictment disrupts her relationships with her fiancé, family and friends. In prison, Chapman is reunited with Vause (who named Chapman in her trial, resulting in Chapman's arrest) and they re-examine their relationship. Simultaneously, Chapman, along with the other inmates, attempt to grapple with prison's numerous, inherent struggles. Episodes often feature flashbacks of significant events from various inmates' and prison guards' pasts. These flashbacks typically depict how the inmate came to be in prison or develop the character's backstory.

text: The fifth season shows the prisoners revolting against the guards, wardens and the system after MCC's failed handling of an inmate's death at the hands of a guard. This followed a peaceful protest and subsequent instigation of an inmate fight by another guard in the fourth season. Fueled by the conditions the inmates are forced to tolerate, as well as grudges against the prison guards, a three-day riot ensues, during which some inmates attempt to negotiate better living conditions and seek justice for the death of the inmate, while others pursue their own interests and entertainment, and a few seek no involvement in the riot. At the emergence of the riot, the guard that incited the fight in the prior season is critically shot by an inmate who took the gun the guard illegally brought into the prison. At the end of the season, SWAT raids the prison to end the riot and remove all inmates from the facility. During this raid, a correctional officer is fatally shot by a corrupt "strike team", which then conspires to blame the guard's death on inmates that hid in an underground bunker and had taken hostage of the guard. All inmates are transported to other prisons.

text: The consequences of the riot are shown in the sixth season. A number of the inmates, including Chapman and Vause, are transported to Litchfield Maximum Security. Most of these inmates are interrogated, and several of them charged and sentenced for their involvement in the riot. In max, new inmates are introduced, alliances are made, and a gang-like war emerges between two prison blocks, spearheaded by a longstanding feud between two sisters and a grudge harbored by them toward a former maximum-security inmate that returned. Inmates that arrived from the minimum security prison are either caught up or willingly participate in the war between prison blocks. The season portrays further corruption and guard brutality.

text: Throughout the series, it is shown how various forms of corruption, funding cuts, privatization of prison, overcrowding, guard brutality and racial discrimination, among other issues, affect the prisoners' safety, health and well-being, the correctional officers, and the prison's basic ability to fulfill its fundamental responsibilities and ethical obligations as a corrections institution.[citation needed] One of the show's key conflicts involves the minimum-security prison's Director of Human Activities, Joe Caputo, whose efforts and aims as a warden constantly conflict with the corporate interests of MCC, which acquired the facility when it was about to be shut down.

text: Cast and characters[edit]

text: Main cast[edit]

text:
Taylor Schilling as Piper Chapman, inmate
Laura Prepon as Alex Vause, inmate
Michael Harney as Sam Healy, correctional officer (seasons 1–4; guest season 6)[a]
Michelle Hurst as Miss Claudette Pelage, inmate (season 1)
Kate Mulgrew as Galina "Red" Reznikov, inmate
Jason Biggs as Larry Bloom, Piper's fiancé (seasons 1–2; guest season 5)
Uzo Aduba as Suzanne "Crazy Eyes" Warren, inmate
Danielle Brooks as Tasha "Taystee" Jefferson, inmate
Natasha Lyonne as Nicky Nichols, inmate
Taryn Manning as Tiffany "Pennsatucky" Doggett, inmate
Selenis Leyva as Gloria Mendoza, inmate
Adrienne C. Moore as Cindy "Black Cindy" Hayes, inmate
Dascha Polanco as Dayanara "Daya" Diaz, inmate
Nick Sandow as Joe Caputo, Captain of the Guard, later Director of Human Activities
Yael Stone as Lorna Morello, inmate
Samira Wiley as Poussey Washington, inmate (seasons 1–4; guest season 5)
Jackie Cruz as Marisol "Flaca" Gonzales, inmate
Lea DeLaria as Carrie "Big Boo" Black, inmate (seasons 1–5; guest season 6)
Elizabeth Rodriguez as Aleida Diaz, former inmate
Jessica Pimentel as Maria Ruiz, inmate
Laura Gómez as Blanca Flores, inmate
Matt Peters as Joel Luschek, correctional officer
Dale Soules as Frieda Berlin, inmate (season 2–present)

text: Recurring cast[edit]

text: Inmates[edit]

text:
Laverne Cox as Sophia Burset
Annie Golden as Norma Romano (seasons 1–5)
Diane Guerrero as Maritza Ramos (seasons 1–5)
Vicky Jeudy as Janae Watson (seasons 1–5)
Julie Lake as Angie Rice (seasons 1–5)
Emma Myles as Leanne Taylor (seasons 1–5)
Abigail Savage as Gina Murphy (seasons 1–5)
Constance Shulman as Erica "Yoga" Jones (seasons 1–5)
Lori Tan Chinn as Mei Chang (seasons 1–5)
Tamara Torres as Gerrman "Weeping Woman" (seasons 1–5)
Lin Tucci as Anita DeMarco (seasons 1–5)
Beth Fowler as Sister Jane Ingalls (seasons 1–4)
Barbara Rosenblat as Rosa "Miss Rosa" Cisneros (seasons 1–2; guest season 3)
Madeline Brewer as Tricia Miller (season 1)
Kimiko Glenn as Brook Soso (seasons 2–5)
Lori Petty as Lolly Whitehill (seasons 2–4, 6)
Lorraine Toussaint as Yvonne "Vee" Parker (season 2)
Emily Althaus as Maureen Kukudio (seasons 3–5)
Blair Brown as Judy King (seasons 3–5)
Ruby Rose as Stella Carlin (season 3; guest season 4)
Daniella De Jesus as Irene "Zirconia" Cabrera (season 4–present)
Shannon Esper as Alana Dwight (seasons 4–present)
Rosal Colon as Carmen "Ouija" Aziza (seasons 4–5; guest season 6)
Francesca Curran as Helen "Skinhead Helen" Van Maele (seasons 4–5; guest season 6)
Asia Kate Dillon as Brandy Epps (seasons 4–5)
Kelly Karbacz as Kasey Sankey (seasons 4–5)
Miriam Morales as Ramona "Pidge" Contreras (seasons 4–5)
Jolene Purdy as Stephanie Hapakuka (seasons 4–5)
Amanda Stephen as Alison Abdullah (seasons 4–5)
Amanda Fuller as Madison "Badison" Murphy (season 6–present)
Vicci Martinez as Dominga "Daddy" Duarte (season 6–present)
Sipiwe Moyo as Adeola (season 6–present)
Besanya Santiago as Raquel "Creech" Munoz (season 6–present)
Finnerty Steeves as Beth Hoefler (season 6–present)
Mackenzie Phillips as Barbara "Barb" Denning (season 6)
Henny Russell as Carol Denning (season 6)

text: Staff[edit]

text:
Alysia Reiner as Natalie "Fig" Figueroa
Catherine Curtin as Wanda Bell (seasons 1–5)
Joel Marsh Garland as Scott O'Neill (seasons 1–5)
Brendan Burke as Wade Donaldson (seasons 1–4)
Pablo Schreiber as George "Pornstache" Mendez (seasons 1–3; guest season 5)
Lolita Foster as Eliqua Maxwell (seasons 1–3)
Germar Terrell Gardner as Charles Ford (seasons 1–3)
Matt McGorry as John Bennett (seasons 1–3)
Lauren Lapkus as Susan Fischer (seasons 1–2)
Beth Dover as Linda Ferguson (season 3–present)
James McMenamin as Charlie "Donuts" Coates (season 3–present)
Alan Aisenberg as Baxter "Gerber" Bayley (seasons 3–5)
Jimmy Gary Jr. as Felix Rikerson (seasons 3–5)
Mike Birbiglia as Danny Pearson (seasons 3–4)
Marsha Stephanie Blake as Berdie Rogers (season 3)
Nick Dillenburg as Ryder Blake (season 4–present)
Mike Houston as Lee Dixon (season 4–present)
Emily Tarver as Artesian McCullough (season 4–present)
Brad William Henke as Desi Piscatella (seasons 4–5; guest season 6)
Evan Arthur Hall as B. Stratman (seasons 4–5)
John Palladino as Josh (seasons 4–5)
Michael Torpey as Thomas "Humps" Humphrey (seasons 4–5)
Hunter Emery as Rick Hopper (season 5–present)
Shawna Hamic as Virginia "Ginger" Copeland (season 6–present)
Susan Heyward as Tamika Ward (season 6–present)
Josh Segarra as Stefanovic (season 6–present)
Greg Vrotsos as Hellman (season 6–present)
Nicholas Webber as Alvarez (season 6–present)
Branden Wellington as Jarod Young (season 6–present)

text: Others[edit]

text:
Michael Chernus as Cal Chapman (seasons 1–4; guest season 6)
Tanya Wright as Crystal Burset (seasons 1–4; guest season 6)
Berto Colon as Cesar Velazquez (seasons 1–3; guest season 5)
Deborah Rush as Carol Chapman (seasons 1–3; guest season 5)
Tracee Chimo as Neri Feldman (seasons 1–3)
Maria Dizzia as Polly Harper (seasons 1–2)
Ian Paola as Yadriel (seasons 2–5)
John Magaro as Vince Muccio (seasons 3–5)
Mary Steenburgen as Delia Mendez-Powell (season 3; guest season 5)
Miguel Izaguirre as Diablo (seasons 4–present)
Michael J. Burg as Detective Mark Bellamy (season 6)
Jason Altman as Main Officer Herrmann (seasons 5-6)

text: Production[edit]

text: Show creator Jenji Kohan read Piper Kerman's memoir after a friend sent it to her. She then set up a meeting with Kerman to pitch her on a TV adaptation, which she notes she "screwed up" as she spent most of the time asking Kerman about her experiences she described in the book rather than selling her on the show. This appealed to Kerman as it let her know that she was a fan and she signed off on the adaptation.[10] Kohan would later go on to describe the main character, Piper Chapman, as a "trojan horse" for the series, allowing it to focus on characters whose demographics would not normally be represented on TV.[11]

text: In July 2011, it was revealed that Netflix was in negotiations with Lionsgate for a 13-episode TV adaptation of Kerman's memoirs with Kohan as creator.[12] In November 2011, negotiations were finalized and the series had been greenlit.[13] Kohan had initially wanted to cast Katie Holmes in the role of Piper Chapman, and met with the actress to discuss it, but Holmes had other commitments.[14] Casting announcements began in August 2012 with Taylor Schilling, the first to be cast, as Piper Chapman,[15] followed by Jason Biggs as Piper's fiancé Larry Bloom.[16]

text: Laura Prepon and Yael Stone were next to join the series, as Alex Vause and Lorna Morello, respectively.[2] Abigail Savage, who plays Gina, and Alysia Reiner, who plays Fig, had auditioned for role of Alex Vause.[10][17] Prepon initially auditioned for Piper Chapman,[18] however Kohan felt she would not worry about her [in prison], noting a "toughness and a presence to her that wasn’t right for the character." Kohan instead gave her the role of Alex.[10] Stone had originally auditioned for the role of Nicky Nichols, but she was not considered "tough enough" for the character;[19] she was asked to audition for Lorna Morello instead.[20] Likability was important for Morello, whom casting director Jen Euston deemed "a very helpful, nice, sweet Italian girl."[20] Natasha Lyonne was to audition for Alex, but was asked to read for the character Nicky Nichols; "[Kohan knew] she could do Nicky with her eyes closed. She was perfect," said Euston.[20] Laverne Cox, a black transgender woman, was cast as Sophia Burset, a transgender character. The Advocate touted Orange Is the New Black as possibly the first women-in-prison narrative to cast a transgender woman for this type of role.[21] Uzo Aduba read for the part of Janae Watson but was offered the character Suzanne "Crazy Eyes" Warren.[20][22] Taryn Manning was offered the role of Tiffany "Pennsatucky" Doggett.[20] This American Life host Ira Glass was offered a role as a public radio host, but he declined. The role instead went to Robert Stanton, who plays the fictional host Maury Kind.[23]

text: The series is set in a fictional prison in Litchfield, New York, which is a real town in upstate New York, but it does not have a federal penitentiary.[24] The series began filming in the old Rockland Children's Psychiatric Center in Rockland County, New York, on March 7, 2013.[25] The title sequence features photos of real former female prisoners including Kerman herself.[26]

text: On June 27, 2013, prior to the series premiere, Netflix renewed the show for a second season consisting of 13 episodes.[27] For the second season, Uzo Aduba, Taryn Manning, Danielle Brooks, and Natasha Lyonne were promoted to series regulars.[28] Laura Prepon did not return as a series regular for a second season because of scheduling conflicts, but returned for season 3 as a regular.[29] On May 5, 2014, the series was renewed for a third season, as revealed by actress Laura Prepon.[30] For the third season, several actors were promoted to series regulars, including Selenis Leyva, Adrienne C. Moore, Dascha Polanco, Nick Sandow, Yael Stone, and Samira Wiley.[31] Both Jason Biggs and Pablo Schreiber were confirmed as not returning for the third season, but Schreiber appeared in the 10th episode of the third season.[32][33][34] The series was renewed for a fourth season on April 15, 2015, prior to its third-season premiere.[35][36] For the fourth season, Jackie Cruz and Lea DeLaria were promoted to series regulars; with Elizabeth Rodriguez also being promoted by the season's sixth episode.[37] On February 5, 2016, the series was renewed for a fifth, sixth and seventh season.[4] In season six, Dale Soules, Laura Gómez, and Matt Peters were promoted to series regulars.

text: Reception[edit]

text: Critical response[edit]

text:
Season

Critical response

Rotten Tomatoes

Metacritic

1

94% (47 reviews)

79 (32 reviews)

2

98% (45 reviews)

89 (31 reviews)

3

95% (58 reviews)

83 (24 reviews)

4

96% (47 reviews)

86 (19 reviews)

5

73% (41 reviews)

67 (20 reviews)

6

84% (32 reviews)

69 (14 reviews)

text: Orange Is the New Black has received critical acclaim. It has been particularly praised for humanizing prisoners[38][39] and for its depiction of race, sexuality, gender and body types.[40][41][42][43][44][45][46]

text: The first season received positive reviews from critics. Review aggregator Metacritic gave it a weighted average score of 79 out of 100 based on reviews from 32 critics, indicating favorable reviews.[47] On Rotten Tomatoes, season one has a 94% approval rating based on 47 reviews, with an average rating of 8.24 out of 10 . The site's critical consensus is "Orange Is the New Black is a sharp mix of black humor and dramatic heft, with interesting characters and an intriguing flashback structure."[48]

text: Hank Stuever, television critic for The Washington Post, gave Orange Is the New Black a perfect score. In his review of the series, he stated: "In Jenji Kohan's magnificent and thoroughly engrossing new series, Orange Is the New Black, prison is still the pits. But it is also filled with the entire range of human emotion and stories, all of which are brought vividly to life in a world where a stick of gum could ignite either a romance or a death threat."[49] Maureen Ryan, of The Huffington Post, wrote: "Orange is one of the best new programs of the year, and the six episodes I've seen have left me hungry to see more."[50]

text: The second season also received critical acclaim. Rotten Tomatoes gave a rating of 98%, with an average rating of 9.17 out of 10 based on 45 reviews. The site's critical consensus reads: "With a talented ensemble cast bringing life to a fresh round of serial drama, Orange Is the New Black's sophomore season lives up to its predecessor's standard for female-led television excellence."[51] Metacritic gave the second season a score of 89 out of 100 based on 31 critics, indicating "universal acclaim."[52] David Wiegland of the San Francisco Chronicle gave the season a positive review, calling the first six episodes "not only as great as the first season, but arguably better."[53]

text: The third season received critical acclaim. On Metacritic, it has a score of 83 out of 100 based on 24 reviews.[54] On Rotten Tomatoes, it has a 95% rating with an average score of 8.15 out of 10 based on 58 reviews. The site's critical consensus reads: "Thanks to its blend of potent comedy and rich character work, Orange is the New Black remains a bittersweet pleasure in its third season."[55]

text: The fourth season received critical acclaim. On Metacritic, it has a score of 86 out of 100 based on 19 reviews.[56] On Rotten Tomatoes, it has a 96% rating with an average score of 8.46 out of 10 based on 47 reviews. The site's critical consensus reads: "Orange is the New Black is back and better than ever, with a powerful fourth season full of compelling performances by the ensemble cast."[57] James Poniewozik of The New York Times reviewed the fourth season as "Do you measure the quality of a TV season as a beginning-to-end average or by how well it ends? By the first yardstick, Season 4 is ambitious but uneven; by the latter, it's the series' best."[58]

text: The fifth season received "generally favorable reviews".[59] On Metacritic, it has a score of 67 out of 100 based on 20 reviews.[59] On Rotten Tomatoes, it has a 73% rating with an average score of 7.19 out of 10 based on 41 reviews. The site's critical consensus reads: Orange Is the New Black's fifth season offers up more of the sharp writing and dizzying tonal juggling acts that fans expect – albeit somewhat less successfully."[60]

text: The sixth season received positive reviews from critics, with many critics noting its improvement over the previous season. On Metacritic, it has a score of 69 out of 100 based on 14 reviews.[61] On Rotten Tomatoes, it has an 84% rating with an average score of 7.3 out of 10 based on 32 reviews. The site's critical consensus reads: "Brutality and humor continue to mesh effectively in a season of Orange Is the New Black that stands as a marked improvement from its predecessor, even if some arcs are more inspired than others."[62]

text: Accolades[edit]

text: Orange Is the New Black has received many accolades since its debut. The series has garnered 16 Emmy Award nominations and four wins. For its first season, it received 12 Emmy Award nominations, including Outstanding Comedy Series, Outstanding Writing for a Comedy Series, and Outstanding Directing for a Comedy Series, winning three.[63] Taylor Schilling received a Golden Globe Award nomination for Best Actress in a Television Series – Drama.[64] In 2013, the American Film Institute selected the series as one of the Top 10 Television Programs of the Year.[65]

text: A new Emmy rule in 2015, classifying half-hour shows as comedies and hour-long shows as dramas, forced the series to change categories from comedy to drama for its second season.[66] That year, the series received four Emmy nominations, including Outstanding Drama Series, and Aduba won her second Emmy Award, for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Drama Series.[63] Orange Is the New Black became the first series to receive Emmy nominations in both comedy and drama categories.[9] For its second season, the series also received three Golden Globe Award nominations: Best Television Series – Musical or Comedy, Best Actress – Television Series Musical or Comedy for Schilling, and Best Supporting Actress – Series, Miniseries or Television Film for Aduba. At the 21st Screen Actors Guild Awards, the series won Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Comedy Series and Aduba won Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Comedy Series.[67]

text: For its third season, Orange Is the New Black won Screen Actors Guild Awards for Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Comedy Series and Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Comedy Series (Aduba).[68] It received a Golden Globe Award nomination for Best Television Series – Musical or Comedy.[64] The series has also received, among other accolades, six Writers Guild of America Award nominations,[69] five Satellite Awards,[70][71] four Critics' Choice Television Awards,[72][73] a GLAAD Media Award,[74] an American Cinema Editors Award,[75] a Producers Guild of America Award,[76] and a Peabody Award.[77]

text: Broadcast[edit]

text:
Netflix is famously tight-fisted when it comes to offering up viewership data about its original series. But execs with the streaming giant have repeatedly confirmed that OITNB is its most-watched original series. That has been backed up by the efforts of outside measurement companies to track viewing in the Netflix eco-system.
—Variety[4]

tag: div

text: The series began airing on broadcast television in New Zealand on TV2 on August 19, 2013.[78] It premiered in Australia on October 9, 2013, on Showcase.[79] The second season began on Showcase on July 16, 2014,[80] and the third season premiered on June 11, 2015.[81] The first season began airing on broadcast television in the UK on Sony Channel from April 19, 2017.[82]

text: In April 2017, it was reported that a cybercriminal had stolen the first ten episodes of the fifth season in a security breach of a post-production company. Netflix failed to respond to ransom demands, and the cybercriminal leaked the episodes online. Netflix confirmed the security breach and an ongoing investigation by federal law enforcement.[83][84] Multichannel News reported that demand for the series significantly increased over the seven-day period following the leak of the episodes. It was also said that the leak would likely cause a decrease in demand for the fifth season when Netflix releases it in June.[85]

text: Ratings[edit]

text: Orange Is the New Black generated more viewers and hours viewed in its first week than the other top Netflix original series House of Cards and Arrested Development.[86][87] In October 2013, Netflix stated that the show is a "tremendous success" for the streaming platform. "It will end the year as our most watched original series ever and, as with each of our other previously launched originals, enjoys an audience comparable with successful shows on cable and broadcast TV."[88][89] As reported in February 2016, Orange Is the New Black remains Netflix's most-watched original series.[4][7][90] In 2016, a New York Times study of the 50 TV shows with the most Facebook Likes found that Orange Is the New Black is one of the shows most watched in urban areas, and despite its "minority-rich ensemble cast," the series "appeals more to a white audience."[91]