document_title: Field goal

question_text: who kicked the longest field goal in nfl 2017

text: Field goal

text: Strategy[edit]

text: As a field goal is worth only three points, while a touchdown scores at least six (which usually becomes seven with a successful conversion, and potentially 8 with a two-point conversion), teams will generally attempt a field goal only in the following situations:

text:
It is fourth down (third down in Canadian rules), especially if the offense is more than a yard or two from a new first down, and within about 45 yards of the goal posts.
In the first half, there is enough time remaining to execute only one more play.
In the second half, there is enough time remaining to execute only one more play, and the team on offense needs three points to win or tie (four points in a few leagues given special circumstances).
The game is in overtime, and a FG is the quickest, easiest, and least risky way to end the match.

text: Except in desperate situations, a team will generally attempt field goals only when keeping a drive alive is unlikely, and its kicker has a significant chance of success, as a missed field goal results in a turnover at the spot of the kick (in the NFL) or at the line of scrimmage (in the NCAA). In American high school rules and Canadian football, where a missed field goal is treated the same as a punt, most teams still opt not to attempt field goals from very long range since field goal formations are not conducive to covering kick returns. Even under ideal conditions, the best professional kickers historically had difficulty making kicks longer than 50 yards consistently (the NFL record is 64 yards and the CFL record, 62 yards).[2] If a team chooses not to attempt a field goal on their last down, they can punt to the other team. A punt cannot score any points in American football unless the receiving team touches the ball first and the kicking team recovers it (though it can result in a single in Canadian football), but it may push the other team back toward its own end.

text: The longest field goal kick in NFL history is 64 yards, a record set by Matt Prater on December 8, 2013. The previous record was 63, originally set by Tom Dempsey and then matched by Jason Elam, Sebastian Janikowski, and David Akers. High school, college and most professional football leagues offer only a three-point field goal; however, some professional leagues have encouraged more rare kicks through four-point field goals. NFL Europe encouraged long field goals of 50 yards or more by making those worth four points instead of three (much like Australian rules' Super Goal or basketball's three-point line), a rule since adopted by the Stars Football League. Similarly, the sport of arena football sought (unsuccessfully) to repopularize the drop kick by making that worth four points; it failed, since only one kicker (Brian Mitchell) was able to do it with any semblance of proficiency. (In six-man football, where there is no offensive line, all field goals are worth four points instead of the usual three.)

text: The overall field goal percentage during the 2010 NFL season was 82.3. In comparison, Jan Stenerud, one of only two pure kickers in the Pro Football Hall of Fame (along with Ray Guy), had a career field goal percentage of 66.8 from 1967 to 1985.[2]

text: How field goals are kicked[edit]

text: When a team decides to attempt a field goal, it will generally line up in a very tight formation, with all but two players lined up along or near the line of scrimmage: the placekicker and the holder. The holder is usually the team's punter or backup quarterback.[citation needed] Instead of the regular center, a team may have a dedicated long snapper trained especially to snap the ball on placekick attempts and punts.

text: The holder usually lines up seven to eight yards behind the line of scrimmage, with the kicker a few yards behind him. Upon receiving the snap, the holder holds the ball against the ground vertically, with the stitches away from the kicker. The kicker begins his approach during the snap, so the snapper and holder have little margin for error. A split-second mistake can disrupt the entire attempt.

text: The measurement of a field goal's distance is from the goalpost to the point where the ball was positioned for the kick by the holder. In American football, where the goalpost is located at the back of the end zone (above the end line), the ten yards of the end zone are added to the yard line distance at the spot of the hold.

text: In the early days of the sport, placekickers approached the ball straight on, with the toe making first contact with the ball. The technique of kicking the ball "soccer-style", by approaching the ball at an angle and kicking it with the instep, was introduced by kicker Pete Gogolak in the 1960s.[3] The Hungarian-born Gogolak, reflecting his roots in European soccer, observed that kicking the ball at an angle could cover more distance than kicking straight on.

text: Successful field goals[edit]

text: If there is any time left in the half, the method of resuming play after a successful field goal varies between leagues.

text: Missed field goals[edit]

text: A missed field goal is said to be "no good" if the kicked ball does not cross between the uprights and/or over the crossbar of the goal posts. If it misses to the posts' left it may be called "wide left" and "wide right" if it misses to the posts' right. A field goal attempt may be described as "short" if it does not have sufficient distance to go over the cross bar. Some commentators will only describe a field goal attempt as being short if it appears to have been aimed correctly while others will describe an attempt appearing to lack both accuracy and distance as being both wide and short.

text: If a field goal attempt is missed and does not go out of bounds, a defensive player may catch the ball and return it, like a punt or kickoff. This type of play usually occurs during an extremely long field goal attempt due to the distance the defense must travel to reach the returner. If there is a significant likelihood of a miss and the strategic game situation warrants it, the defense places a player downfield, in or near their end zone, to catch the ball. The risk in this is that the return man may be tackled deep in his own territory, at a considerably worse position than he could have gotten by letting the ball go dead (see below); furthermore, should the returner fumble the ball, the kicking team can recover it and gain a new set of downs (the advantage is that the kicking team is lined up very close together to stop kick blockers, and not spread across the field like a kickoff or punt team, and is therefore in poor position to defend the return). Thus, teams will usually return a kick only towards the end of a half (when the kick will be the final play) or in a particularly desperate situation.

text: If a ball caroms off one of the goal posts or the crossbar, but lands in the field of play, the ball is considered dead and cannot be returned. (This is not the case in arena football, where large "rebound nets" surround the goal posts for the explicit purpose of keeping the ball in play.) However, if the ball caroms off one of the goal posts or the crossbar and continues into the goal, the score counts.

text: Situations where the defense does not return a missed field goal vary between leagues and levels of play:

text: Blocked field goals[edit]

text: Occasionally, the defense will succeed in blocking a field goal. If a blocked field goal is in or behind the neutral zone, it is treated like a fumble and can be advanced by either team. Beyond the neutral zone, a blocked kick is treated like a punt and can be advanced only by the defense, unless a defensive player fumbles the ball, after which an offensive player can advance it.

text: History[edit]

text: In the early days of football, kicking was highly emphasized. In 1883, the scoring system was devised, with field goals counting for 5 points, and touchdowns and conversions worth 4 apiece. In 1897, the touchdown was raised to 5 points while the conversion was lowered to 1 point. Field goals were devalued to 4 points in 1904, and then to the modern 3 points in 1909. The touchdown was changed to 6 points in 1912 in American football; the Canadian game followed suit in 1956.

text: The spot of the conversion has also changed through the years. In 1924, NCAA rules spotted the conversion at the 3-yard line, before moving it back to the 5-yard line in 1925. In 1929, the spot was moved up to the 2-yard line, which the NFL had done until 2014. In 1968, the NCAA diverged from the NFL rules in moving the spot back to the original 3-yard line. Canadian rules originally spotted the conversion at the 5-yard line, which remains closer than in the American code as the goalposts are at the front of the end zone. In 2015, to make conversion kicks harder, the NFL and CFL moved the spot of the kick to the 15 and 25-yard lines, respectively. In addition, the CFL moved the spot for a two-point conversion up to the 3-yard line to entice more teams to go for 2 points as opposed to one.

text: The goalposts were originally located on the goal line; this led to many injuries and sometimes interfered with play. The NCAA moved the goal posts to the rear of the end zone in 1927. The NFL (still following NCAA rules at the time) followed suit, but moved the posts back to the goal line starting in the 1932 NFL Playoff Game, a change made necessary by the size of the indoor Chicago Stadium and kept when the NFL rules stopped mirroring the NCAA rules in 1933. The NFL kept the post at the goal line until 1974, when they were moved back to the rear of the end zone. This was partly a result of the narrowed hashmark distance made in 1972, which had made for easier field-goal angles. The Canadian game still has posts on the goal line.

text: The width of the goalposts and the hashmarks have also varied throughout the years. In 1959, the NCAA goalposts were widened to 23 feet 4 inches (7.11 m), the standard width for high school posts today. In 1991, the college goalposts were reduced in width to 18 ft 6 in (5.64 m), matching the NFL. For the 1991 and 1992 seasons, this meant potentially severe angles for short field goal attempts, since the hashmark width remained at 53 ft 4 in (16.26 m). In 1993, the NCAA narrowed the distance between the hashmarks to 40 ft (12.19 m), matching what was the width of hashmarks in the NFL from 1945 through 1971; the NFL narrowed the hashmarks in 1972 to goalpost width at 18.5 feet (5.64 m). In the CFL, the hashmarks are 51 feet (16 m), but the field is 195 feet (59 m) in width, 35 feet (11 m) wider than the American field.

text: The NFL increased the height of the uprights above the crossbar to 20 feet (6.10 m) in 1966 and 30 feet (9.14 m) in 1974. In 2014, they were raised five feet to 35 feet (10.67 m) after the adoption of a proposal by New England Patriots head coach Bill Belichick.[7]

text: The "slingshot" goalpost, with a single post curving to support the crossbar, was invented by Jim Trimble and Joel Rottman in Montreal, Quebec, Canada.[8] The first were built by Alcan and displayed at Expo 67,[8][9] the World's fair in Montreal. The NFL had standardized the goalposts in 1966 and adopted the slingshot for the 1967 season;[8] the NCAA later adopted the same rule, but later allowed the use of "offset" goalposts, with two posts rather than one (which were the norm prior to the invention of the "slingshot" goalposts). The CFL was the first league to use the new goalposts; they made their debut in the 2nd game of the CFL's Eastern Conference final in 1966 (which was played at Montreal's Autostade as Landsdowne Park [now TD Place Stadium], the home of Ottawa Rough Riders, was undergoing renovations), and were used in the Grey Cup the next week at Vancouver's Empire Stadium. Three schools in Division I FBS currently use dual-support posts: Florida State, LSU, and Washington State. A special exemption was allowed by the NFL for the New Orleans Saints to use the offset goalposts during the 2005 season, when they used LSU's stadium for home games after Hurricane Katrina.

text: Goalposts at the professional level today are sometimes equipped with a camera mounted to the stanchion immediately behind the center of the crossbar. Since these cameras are both above and slightly behind the crossbar, a field goal attempt will be judged good if it strikes this equipment.

text: In 1989, the NCAA banned the kicking tee for field goals and extra points, requiring kicks from the ground.[10][11]

text: During the 2011 NFL season, a record 90 field goals of 50 yards or longer were made.[12] In 2012, this record was increased to 92 field goals of 50 yards or longer.[12]

text: Longest field goal records[edit]

text: This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (May 2010) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

text: As recorded in Guinness World Records:

text: The record for a field goal at any level is 69 yards. It was kicked by Ove Johansson of the Abilene Christian University Wildcats in the 1976 game against East Texas State University Lions (now Texas A&M University–Commerce) in Shotwell Stadium, Abilene, Texas.[13]

text: NFL[edit]

text: The longest field goal made was 64 yards by Matt Prater of the Denver Broncos on December 8, 2013.[14] The longest field goal attempt in an NFL game was 76 yards by Sebastian Janikowski on September 28, 2008.[15]

text: In the history of the NFL regular season, only 18 field goals have been made from at least 60 yards:[16]

text:
Distance
Kicker
Team
Result
Opposition
Date
Notes
Location
Elevation
Weather

64 yards
Matt Prater
Denver Broncos
51–28
Tennessee Titans
December 8, 2013
End of 1st half
Sports Authority Field at Mile High
5,280 ft (1,610 m)
13 °F; Sunny; Wind: S at 3 mph; Humidity: 72%

63 yards
Tom Dempsey
New Orleans Saints
19–17
Detroit Lions
November 8, 1970
Born with a stub for a right foot. Game-winning kick as time expired. Detroit kicker Errol Mann had kicked a field goal with :08 remaining to give Lions the lead.
Tulane Stadium
16 ft (4.9 m)

63 yards
Jason Elam
Denver Broncos
37–24
Jacksonville Jaguars
October 25, 1998
First field goal to tie record; soccer-style kicker
Mile High Stadium
5,280 ft (1,610 m)

63 yards
Sebastian Janikowski
Oakland Raiders
23–20
Denver Broncos
September 12, 2011
Left-footed
Sports Authority Field at Mile High
5,280 ft (1,610 m)
Light rain early

63 yards
David Akers
San Francisco 49ers
30–22
Green Bay Packers
September 9, 2012
Left-footed; end of first half; ball bounced off crossbar before crossing the plane
Lambeau Field
640 ft (200 m)
70 °F; Mostly Cloudy; Wind: N at 7 mph; Humidity: 43%

62 yards
Matt Bryant
Tampa Bay Buccaneers
23–21
Philadelphia Eagles
October 22, 2006
Game-winning kick as time expired
Raymond James Stadium
35 ft (11 m)

62 yards
Stephen Gostkowski
New England Patriots
33–8
Oakland Raiders
November 19, 2017
Right-footed; kicked as time expired at the end of the first half
Azteca Stadium
7,280 ft (2,220 m)
63 °F; Mostly Cloudy

61 yards
Sebastian Janikowski
Oakland Raiders
9–23
Cleveland Browns
December 27, 2009
Left-footed
FirstEnergy Stadium
580 ft (180 m)

61 yards
Jay Feely
Arizona Cardinals
16–19 (OT)
Buffalo Bills
October 14, 2012
Right-footed; longest game-tying field goal with 1:09 remaining in the 4th quarter, missed a 38-yard field goal that would have won the game at the end of regulation
University of Phoenix Stadium
1,150 ft (350 m)
Retractable roof closed

61 yards
Justin Tucker
Baltimore Ravens
18–16
Detroit Lions
December 16, 2013
Right-footed; game-winning field goal with 43 seconds remaining; sixth field goal of the game
Ford Field
601 ft (183 m)[17]
Dome

61 yards
Greg Zuerlein
St. Louis Rams
18–21 (OT)
Minnesota Vikings
November 8, 2015
Right-footed
TCF Bank Stadium
869 ft (265 m)
58 °F (14 °C); sunny

61 yards
Jake Elliott
Philadelphia Eagles
27–24
New York Giants
September 24, 2017
Right-footed; game winning kick as time expired. Second game of NFL career. NFL rookie record for longest made field goal.
Lincoln Financial Field
39 ft (12 m)
91 °F (33 °C); sunny

60 yards
Steve Cox
Cleveland Browns
9–12
Cincinnati Bengals
October 21, 1984
Straight-ahead kick; on AstroTurf
Riverfront Stadium
490 ft (150 m)

60 yards
Morten Andersen
New Orleans Saints
17–20
Chicago Bears
October 27, 1991
Left-footed; on AstroTurf; first 60-yard kick done indoors
Louisiana Superdome
Sea level
Dome

60 yards
Rob Bironas
Tennessee Titans
20–17
Indianapolis Colts
December 3, 2006
Right-footed; game winner with six seconds remaining
LP Field
400 ft (120 m)

60 yards
Dan Carpenter
Miami Dolphins
10–13
Cleveland Browns
December 5, 2010
End of 1st half
Sun Life Stadium
5 ft (1.5 m)
77 °F (25 °C), wind SW at 14 mph (23 km/h)

60 yards
Greg Zuerlein
St. Louis Rams
19–13
Seattle Seahawks
September 30, 2012
In his rookie season; longest field goal in third quarter; also kicked a 58-yard field goal in the first quarter
Edward Jones Dome
466 ft (142 m)
Dome

60 yards
Chandler Catanzaro
Arizona Cardinals
18–33
Buffalo Bills
September 25, 2016
Longest field goal in career
New Era Field
600 ft (180 m)

text: Prior to Dempsey's 1970 kick, the longest field goal in NFL history was a 56-yard field goal by Bert Rechichar in 1953. A 55-yard field goal, achieved by a drop kick, was recorded by Paddy Driscoll in 1924, and stood as the unofficial record until that point; some sources indicate a 54-yarder by Glenn Presnell in 1934 as the record, due to the inability to precisely verify Driscoll's 55-yarder.

text: In a pre-season NFL game between the Denver Broncos and the Seattle Seahawks on August 29, 2002, Ola Kimrin kicked a 65-yard field goal.[18] However, because pre-season games are not counted toward official records, this accomplishment is not the official record.

text: CFL[edit]

text:
62 yards, Paul McCallum, Saskatchewan Roughriders vs. Edmonton Eskimos, October 27, 2001[19]
60 yards, Dave Ridgway, Saskatchewan Roughriders vs. Winnipeg Blue Bombers, September 6, 1987[19]

text: College football[edit]

text:
69 yards, Ove Johansson, Abilene Christian vs. East Texas State on October 16, 1976. (NAIA)
67 yards, Tom Odle, Fort Hays State vs. Washburn, 1988. (NCAA)
67 yards, Joe Williams, Wichita State vs. Southern Illinois, 1978. (NCAA Division I)
67 yards, Russell Erxleben, Texas vs. Rice, 1977. (NCAA Division I)
67 yards, Steve Little, Arkansas vs. Texas, 1977.[20] (NCAA Division I)
65 yards, J. T. Haxall, Princeton vs. Yale, 1882.

text: All of the above kicks were successful with the use of a kicking tee, which was banned by the NCAA after the 1988 season.

text: 65 yards, Martin Gramatica, Kansas State vs. Northern Illinois, 1998 - without a tee [21]

text: The longest known drop-kicked field goal in college football was a 62-yard kick from Pat O'Dea, an Australian kicker who played on the Wisconsin Badgers football team. O'Dea's kick took place in a blizzard against Northwestern on November 15, 1898.[22]

text: U Sports[edit]

text: The longest field goal in U Sports football history is 59 yards, by Niko Difonte of Calgary Dinos, playing against the UBC Thunderbirds on November 11, 2017. The field goal was the final and winning play of the 81st Hardy Cup.[23][24]

text: High school[edit]

text:
68 yards, Dirk Borgognone, Reno High School vs. Sparks High School (Nevada), September 27, 1985[25][26]
67 yards, Austin Rehkow, Central Valley High School (Spokane Valley, Washington) vs. Shadle Park High School (Spokane, Washington), October 18, 2012, game-tying FG with :02 left in 4th quarter (CV would go on to win 62-55). [27][28] (tied with two others)
62 yards, David Rosenbaum, Woodrow Wilson High School (Washington, D.C.) vs. Spingarn High School, October 3, 2003. While no records are kept, considered to be the longest extra point scored. Penalties due to excessive celebration, unsportsmanlike conduct, and taunting.[29]

text: Independent amateur[edit]

text: 68 yards, Fabrizio Scaccia, Treasure Coast Bobcats (FL), March 29, 2009[30] (world record for a kick without the aid of a tee, which was banned for field goal and extra point attempts in the NCAA in 1989)

text: Independent Women's Football League[edit]

text: 44 yards, Sarah Oliver, California Quake vs. New Mexico Menace, April 26, 2008.[31]

text: Longest missed field goal return records[edit]

text: NFL[edit]

text: Field goal returns are rare in the NFL, since an attempt with sufficient distance that misses the uprights will automatically be dead. Returns are possible when a field goal is short, but in that case returners will usually down the ball so as to scrimmage from the spot of the kick. Normally, a return will only be attempted when there is not enough time left in the half to run a play from scrimmage. Nevertheless, four field goals have been returned for at least 107 yards in the 21st century:

text:
Distance returned
Returner
Team
Opposing kicker
Opposing team
Distance attempted
Date
Location

109 yards[32]
Antonio Cromartie
San Diego Chargers
Ryan Longwell
Minnesota Vikings
58 yards
November 4, 2007
Metrodome

108 yards[33]
Devin Hester
Chicago Bears
Jay Feely
New York Giants
52 yards
November 12, 2006
Giants Stadium

108 yards[34]
Nathan Vasher
Chicago Bears
Joe Nedney
San Francisco 49ers
52 yards
November 13, 2005
Soldier Field

107 yards[35]
Chris McAlister
Baltimore Ravens
Jason Elam
Denver Broncos
57 yards
September 30, 2002
Ravens Stadium

text: CFL[edit]

text: Because the goalposts in Canadian football are on the goal line, and because downing the ball in the end zone results in the kicking team scoring a single point, field goal returns are much more common. The longest missed field goal return in the CFL is 131 total yards. Against the Montreal Alouettes on August 22, 1958, the Toronto Argonauts' Boyd Carter ran 15 yards, then threw a lateral to Dave Mann, who then returned it for the final 116 yards.[36] This return, which started 21 yards behind the goal line, was during the era of 25-yard end zones (which made the maximum theoretical missed field return distance 134 yards in those days) and therefore cannot be met or exceeded on the modern field with 20-yard end zones. Since the shortening of the end zones in the CFL in 1986, a field goal has been returned for the maximum 129 yards on two occasions: by Tristan Jackson of the Saskatchewan Roughriders on July 14, 2012 [37] and by Trent Guy of the Montreal Alouettes on September 23, 2012.[38]

text: NCAA[edit]

text: In NCAA college football, only five missed field goals returns for touchdowns have ever been returned 100 yards or more:[39]

text:
September 17, 1966: Don Guest (California Golden Bears), 108-yard return for a touchdown after a failed 47-yard field goal attempt by Washington State.[39]
September 28, 1968: Richie Luzzi (Clemson Tigers), 108-yard return for a touchdown after a failed 47-yard field goal attempt by Georgia.[40]
September 7, 2013: Odell Beckham Jr. (LSU Tigers), 109-yard return for a touchdown after a failed 59-yard field goal attempt by UAB.[39]
November 30, 2013: Chris Davis, Jr. (Auburn Tigers), 109-yard return for a touchdown after what would have been a tie-breaking 57-yard field goal attempt by Alabama fell short as time expired, what some writers and fans call the greatest play in college football history.[41][42][43][44]
September 3, 2016: Brandon Wilson (Houston Cougars), 109-yard return for a touchdown after a failed 53-yard field goal attempt by Oklahoma.[45]

text: U Sports[edit]

text: In U Sports football, like in the CFL, the longest possible missed field goal return is 129 yards, and this has occurred three times.[24]

text:
Jeremy Botelho of the Manitoba Bisons playing against the Simon Fraser Clansmen on September 11, 2009
Jedd Gardner of the Guelph Gryphons playing against the McMaster Marauders on October 8, 2010
Tunde Adeleke of the Carleton Ravens playing against the Ottawa Gee-Gees on October 5, 2013


document_title: Mohan Joshi Hazir Ho!

question_text: who played role of mohan joshi hazir ho

question_tokens: who played role of mohan joshi hazir ho

root

text: Mohan Joshi Hazir Ho!

text: Synopsis[edit]

text: An old couple, Mohan Joshi (Bhisham Sahni) and his wife (Dina Pathak), sues their landlord (Amjad Khan) for not maintaining their 'collapsing' apartment building. For this, they hire two cunning lawyers (Naseeruddin Shah and Satish Shah), while Rohini Hattangadi is the opposition lawyer.

tag: p

text: The court case drags on for years and the lawyers milk the old couple dry, while they become rich. Back home in the society, the old couple is ridiculed for fighting the landlord, but they fight on nevertheless.

text: In the end, when the judge comes to check the condition of the chawl, the landlord's men prop up the place, thus convincing the judge that all is well. Finally, Joshi gathers all his strength and pulls down the temporary supports put up by the men causing the building to collapse on himself.[2]

text: Cast[edit]

text:
Naseeruddin Shah as Advocate Malkani
Bhisham Sahni as Mohan Joshi
Dina Pathak as Joshi's wife
Deepti Naval
Mohan Gokhale
Rohini Hattangadi as Advocate
Pankaj Kapur
Amjad Khan as Kundan Kapadia, landlord
Satish Shah as Advocate
Salim Ghouse as Advocate
Anjali Paigankar as Joshi's Son's girlfriend

tag: ul

text: Location[edit]

text: Mohan Joshi Hazir Ho! was shot at Kamithapura, Bapty Road, and Duncan Road (Two Tanks/Do Tanki) at Mumbai's middle-class Hindu Muslim locality.


document_title: 1907 Detroit Tigers season

question_text: who was the first detroit tiger to win a batting title in 1907

text: 1907 Detroit Tigers season

text: Offseason[edit]

text: In March 1907, Detroit manager Hughie Jennings actually offered Ty Cobb to the Cleveland Naps in exchange for Elmer Flick.[1] The Naps refused the deal.

text: Regular season[edit]

text: Season summary[edit]

text: The 1907 season was the first year the Tigers won the American League pennant. Their 1907 record of 92–58 was the team's best record to that point. Led by Ty Cobb, who led the American League in batting average (Cobb's first batting crown), RBIs, and slugging percentage, and Sam Crawford, who led the league in runs scored and extra base hits, they scored 89 more runs than any other team in the American League and outscored their opponents 694 to 532. They finished 1½ games ahead of the A's.

text: The 1907 Tigers' winning percentage ranks as the 9th best in team history, as follows:

text:
Best Seasons in Detroit Tigers History

Rank
Year
Wins
Losses
Win %
  Finish

1
1934
101
53
.656
Lost 1934 World Series to Cardinals

2
1915
100
54
.649
2nd in AL behind Red Sox

3
1909
98
54
.645
Lost 1909 World Series to Pirates

4
1984
104
58
.642
Won 1984 World Series over Padres

5
1968
103
59
.636
Won 1968 World Series over Cardinals

6
1961
101
61
.623
2nd in AL behind Yankees

7
1950
95
59
.617
2nd in AL behind Yankees

8
1935
93
58
.616
Won 1935 World Series over Cubs

9
1907
92
58
.613
Lost 1907 World Series to Cubs

10
1987
98
64
.605
Lost 1987 ALCS to Twins

tag: table

text: The players[edit]

text: Catchers: Boss Schmidt and Fred Payne[edit]

text: Catching duties were split between Boss Schmidt (67 games), Fred Payne (46 games), and Jimmy Archer (17 games).

text: Schmidt hit .244 in 1907. As a young man, Schmidt worked in the coal mines and was a skilled brawler who fought an exhibition match with the heavyweight champion, Jack Johnson.[2] Schmidt also beat Ty Cobb in at least two fights.[2] In the second fight, Schmidt knocked Cobb unconscious but admired Cobb's resiliency, and the two became friends until Schmidt's death in 1932. Schmidt never wore shinguards and could force nails into the floor with his bare fists.[3]

text: Infield: Rossman, Downs, O'Leary, Coughlin, and Schaefer[edit]

text: First baseman Claude Rossman played for the Tigers from 1907 to 1909. In 1907, Rossman hit .277 and had 69 RBIs—third most on the team after Cobb and Crawford. Rossman had a peculiar emotional quirk where he sometimes froze and could not throw the ball when he became excited. Runners would lead off first to draw a throw from the pitcher, then run to second when Rossman froze.[4] He was 28 when he played his last major league game and died at age 46 in a New York hospital for the insane where he had been a patient for several years.

text: Red Downs and Germany Schaefer platooned at the second base position for the Tigers in 1907 and 1908. Downs hit .219 in 1907 with 42 RBIs and 28 runs scored. In March 1932, Downs and another man robbed a jewelry store at the Biltmore Hotel in Los Angeles. Downs was convicted of first-degree robbery and sentenced to five years to life. He was paroled after 3½ years and returned to Iowa.

text: Germany Schaefer was a backup second baseman and utility infielder for the 1907 Tigers. He played 74 games at second base, 18 at shortstop, and 14 at third base. Schaefer is remembered more for his antics than for his performance on the field, including trying to steal first base (from second base) and, coming to bat in the rain with a raincoat and boots (to persuade the umpire to call the games). Schaefer was a pioneer of baseball clowning, and his vaudeville act with teammate Charley O'Leary was inspiration for the MGM musical film "Take Me Out To The Ball Game" starring Gene Kelly and Frank Sinatra.[5] In 1919, a little over a year after Schaefer played his last game, he died at age 42 of tuberculosis at the sanitarium in Saranac Lake, New York.

text: Charley O'Leary was Detroit's starting shortstop from 1904 to 1907. In 1907, he hit .241 and scored 61 runs. On September 30, 1934, O'Leary pinch hit for the St. Louis Browns at age 51 and became one of the oldest players to collect a hit and score a run.

text: Third baseman Bill Coughlin, known as "Scranton Bill", was named team captain in 1907 and 1908. He was a light-hitting defensive player, who never hit higher than .252 for the Tigers. His 232 putouts in 1901 is the 8th highest single season total in history by a major league third baseman. He is also one of the few MLB players to have stolen 2nd base, 3rd base and home in a single game. Coughlin was also the maestro of the hidden ball trick. Although no known comprehensive list is known to exist of all times when the hidden ball trick has worked, Coughlin reportedly pulled it off seven times (and at three different positions) – more than any other player in MLB history.[6] In Game 2 of the 1907 World Series, Coughlin caught Jimmy Slagle with a hidden ball trick, the only one in World Series history.[7]

text: Outfield: Cobb, Crawford and Jones[edit]

text: 1907 was Ty Cobb's first season as an every-day starter. He won his first batting crown with a .350 average and led the American League in RBIs (119), slugging percentage (.468), hits (212), total bases (283), stolen bases (49), and runs created (106).

text: Right fielder Sam Crawford, known as "Wahoo Sam", was one of the greatest sluggers of the deadball era and still holds the major league records for triples in a career (309) and for inside-the-park home runs in a season (12) and a career (51). He finished his career with 2,961 hits and a .309 batting average. Crawford was among the AL leaders in hits, RBIs, extra base hits, slugging percentage, and total bases every year for twelve consecutive years from 1905 to 1915.[8] In 1907, Crawford finished second in the AL in batting average (.323) behind Cobb, and led the league in runs scored (102) and extra base hits.

text: Davy Jones played for the Tigers from 1906 to 1912. With Cobb and Crawford solidly entrenched in the outfield, Jones was forced to battle for the third outfield spot with Matty McIntyre each year from 1906 to 1910. As a speedy leadoff man, he was a reliable run scorer with Cobb and Crawford following him in the lineup. Jones' speed also made him a fine outfielder, with tremendous range In 1907, he finished second in the AL with 101 runs. In his three World Series for the Tigers, Jones played in 18 games, had a .357 on-base percentage, scored 8 runs, and had a home run in the 1909 World Series against the Pittsburgh Pirates.

text: Pitching: Mullin, Killian, Siever, and Donovan[edit]

text: "Wild Bill" Donovan was the Tigers ace in 1907 with a 25–4 record—the best win percentage in Tigers' team history. On May 7, 1906, Donovan stole second base, third base, and home on the front end of a double steal and also hit a triple in the same game.[9] In June 1923, Donovan died in a train wreck.[10]

text: Ed Killian led the team (and was 2nd in the AL) with a 1.78 ERA and compiled a 25–13 record. As of the end of the 2009 season, Killian's career ERA of 2.38 is the 26th-best in MLB history.[11] Killian also holds the record for fewest home runs allowed, giving up only 9 in his entire career. At one point, Killian pitched a record 1001 innings (from September 1903 – August 1907) without allowing a home run.[12]

text: George Mullin won 20 games in 1907, but he also lost 20 games. His ERA of 2.59 was the highest among the four Detroit starting pitchers. Mullin holds the Detroit Tigers franchise record for innings pitched (in a career and in a season) and has the second most wins in the team's history. He also pitched the team's first no-hitter; had five 20-win seasons (including a league-leading 29 wins in 1909; twice hit over .310 as a batter); and ranks 7th in major league history for fielding assists by a pitcher.

text: The fourth Tiger starter was Ed Siever who had a 2.16 ERA in 1907 with a record of 18–11. Siever's Adjusted ERA+ of 191 for the 1902 Tigers is the second-best (after Hal Newhouser) in Tigers franchise history for a pitcher with more than 150 innings pitched. (See Detroit Tigers award winners and league leaders) Ironically, Siever won fewer games in 1902 than he did any other full season he played.

text: Player/Manager Hughie Jennings[edit]

text: Hughie "Ee-yah" Jennings led the Tigers to three consecutive American League pennants, in 1907–08–09. Jennings continued to manage the Tigers through the 1920 season, though his team never won another pennant. During his years as Detroit's manager, Jennings became famous for his antics, mostly in the third base coaching box, which variously included shouts of "Ee-Yah", and other whoops, whistles, horns, gyrations, jigs, and grass-plucking. The "Ee-Yah" whoop became his trademark and was accompanied with waves of both arms over his head and a sharp raising of his right knee. In 1907, he was suspended for taunting opponents with a tin whistle.[13] The "Ee-Yah" shouts continued and became such a trademark that Jennings became known as Hughie "Ee-Yah" Jennings, and Detroit fans would shout "Ee-Yah" when Jennings would appear on the field.[14][15] (See also Jack Smile, Ee-yah: The Life And Times Of Hughie Jennings, Baseball Hall Of Famer)

text: Behind the antics was a great coaching mind. Connie Mack called Jennings one of the three greatest managers in history, along with John McGraw and Joe McCarthy.[15]

text: Season highlights[edit]

text:
September 27: The Tigers beat the A's, 5–4‚ to take over first place.
September 30: The Tigers and A's, battling for the pennant, play to a 17-inning 9–9 tie in one of the most momorable games of the 1907 season. In the first game of a planned double header‚ the A's got off to a 7–1 lead against "Wild Bill" Donovan. The Tigers came back to tie the game, 8–8, against Rube Waddell, on a two-run home run by Ty Cobb. Both teams scored once in the 11th, and an umpire's ruling cost Philadelphia the game in the 14th inning. Harry Davis hit a long fly. Detroit outfielder Sam Crawford went to the crowd's edge‚ and a policeman stood up and moved‚ either to interfere or to get out of the way. Home plate umpire Silk O'Loughlin ruled there was no interference‚ then reversed his ruling when base umpire Tom Connolly offered a different opinion. The game was called because of darkness in the 17th‚ a 9–9 tie. The Tigers‚ in first place‚ left for Washington where they won four games.
October 2: The Tigers swept a double header against Washington‚ winning 9–5 and 10–2. Ty Cobb got his 200th hit.

text: Season standings[edit]

text:
v
t
e

American League
W
L
Pct.
GB
Home
Road

Detroit Tigers
92
58
0.613
—
50–27
42–31

Philadelphia Athletics
88
57
0.607
1½
50–20
38–37

Chicago White Sox
87
64
0.576
5½
48–29
39–35

Cleveland Naps
85
67
0.559
8
46–31
39–36

New York Highlanders
70
78
0.473
21
32–41
38–37

St. Louis Browns
69
83
0.454
24
36–40
33–43

Boston Americans
59
90
0.396
32½
34–41
25–49

Washington Senators
49
102
0.325
43½
26–48
23–54

text: Record vs. opponents[edit]

text:
1907 American League Records

v
t
e

Sources: [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8]

Team
BOS
CWS
CLE
DET
NY
PHI
STL
WSH

Boston
—
10–11–3
8–13
6–16
8–12–1
8–14–2
10–12
9–12

Chicago
11–10–3
—
10–11–1
13–9–1
12–10
10–12–1
16–6
15–6

Cleveland
13–8
11–10–1
—
11–11–1
15–7
8–14
12–10–2
15–7–2

Detroit
16–6
9–13–1
11–11–1
—
13–8
11–8–1
14–8
18–4

New York
12–8–1
10–12
7–15
8–13
—
10–9–1
8–14–1
15–7–1

Philadelphia
14–8–2
12–10–1
14–8
8–11–1
9–10–1
—
14–6
17–4

St. Louis
12–10
6–16
10–12–2
8–14
14–8–1
6–14
—
13–9

Washington
12–9
6–15
7–15–2
4–18
7–15–1
4–17
9–13
—

text: Roster[edit]

text:
1907 Detroit Tigers

Roster

Pitchers

Bill Donovan

John Eubank

Elijah Jones

Ed Killian

Herm Malloy

George Mullin

Ed Siever

Ed Willett

Catchers

Jimmy Archer

Tex Erwin

Fred Payne

Boss Schmidt

Infielders

Bill Coughlin

Red Downs

Hughie Jennings

Bobby Lowe

Charley O'Leary

Claude Rossman

Germany Schaefer

Outfielders

Ty Cobb

Sam Crawford

Davy Jones

Red Killefer

Matty McIntyre

Manager

Hughie Jennings

text: Player stats[edit]

text: Batting[edit]

text: Starters by position[edit]

text: Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in

text:
Pos
Player
G
AB
H
Avg.
HR
RBI

C
Schmidt, BossBoss Schmidt
104
349
85
.244
0
23

1B
Rossman, ClaudeClaude Rossman
153
571
158
.277
0
69

2B
Downs, RedRed Downs
105
374
82
.219
1
42

3B
Coughlin, BillBill Coughlin
134
519
126
.243
0
46

SS
O'Leary, CharleyCharley O'Leary
139
465
112
.241
0
34

OF
Cobb, TyTy Cobb
150
605
212
.350
5
119

OF
Crawford, SamSam Crawford
144
582
188
.323
4
81

OF
Jones, DavyDavy Jones
126
491
134
.273
0
34

text: Other batters[edit]

text: Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in

text:
Player
G
AB
H
Avg.
HR
RBI

Schaefer, GermanyGermany Schaefer
109
372
96
.258
1
32

Payne, FredFred Payne
53
169
28
.166
0
14

McIntyre, MattyMatty McIntyre
20
81
23
.284
0
9

Archer, JimmyJimmy Archer
18
42
5
.119
0
0

Lowe, BobbyBobby Lowe
17
37
9
.243
0
5

Erwin, TexTex Erwin
4
5
1
.200
0
1

Jennings, HughieHughie Jennings
1
4
1
.250
0
0

Killefer, RedRed Killefer
1
4
0
.000
0
0

text: Note: pitchers' batting statistics not included

text: Pitching[edit]

text: Starting pitchers[edit]

text: Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts

text:
Player
G
IP
W
L
ERA
SO

Mullin, GeorgeGeorge Mullin
46
357.1
20
20
2.59
146

Killian, EdEd Killian
41
314
25
13
1.78
96

Siever, EdEd Siever
39
274.2
18
11
2.16
88

Donovan, BillBill Donovan
32
271
25
4
2.19
123

Malloy, HermHerm Malloy
1
8
0
1
5.63
6

text: Other pitchers[edit]

text:
Player
G
IP
W
L
ERA
SO

Eubank, JohnJohn Eubank
15
81
3
3
2.67
17

Willett, EdEd Willett
10
48.2
1
5
3.70
27

Jones, ElijahElijah Jones
4
16
0
1
5.06
9

text: Awards and honors[edit]

text: Players ranking among top 100 all time at position[edit]

text: The following members of the 1909 Detroit Tigers are among the Top 100 of all time at their position, as ranked by The New Bill James Historical Baseball Abstract in 2001:

text:
Ty Cobb: 2nd best center fielder of all time
Sam Crawford: 10th best right fielder of all time

text: World Series[edit]

text: World Series summary[edit]

text: In the 1907 World Series, the Chicago Cubs beat the Tigers 4 games to none (with one tie). With pitching dominance over the Tigers and Cobb, the Cubs allowed only three runs in the four games they won, while stealing 18 bases off the rattled Tigers.

text: In Game 1, Tigers pitcher Bill Donovan struck out twelve Cubs in 12 innings. The Tigers scored three runs, in part due to three Chicago errors, in the 8th inning and held a 3–1 lead going into the bottom of the 9th. The Cubs loaded the bases on a single, walk and infield error with one out. Detroit conceded a run on a ground ball for the second out and Cub player-manager Frank Chance then used pinch-hitter Del Howard to bat for Joe Tinker. Howard struck out against "Wild" Bill Donovan (25–4 in the regular season) but the ball got away from catcher Boss Schmidt, allowing Harry Steinfeldt to score the tying run. Donovan got the next batter but the damage to Detroit has been done. The teams then played three scoreless innings before the game was called on account of darkness and declared a tie, a first for the World Series.

text: In Game 2, George Mullin, a 20-game winner and loser for Detroit in 1907 and who had walked over 100 batters in each of his last five seasons, issues a bases-loaded walk in the 2nd inning to tie the game at 1–1. Chicago scored two more in the 4th on a single, sacrifice bunt, RBI single, stolen base and double to take a 3–1 lead.

text: In Game 3, Cubs pitcher Ed Reulbach scattered six hits as Chicago jumped on Tiger starter Ed Siever for four runs on seven hits in only four innings. Johnny Evers had three hits, including two doubles, as the Cubs took a 2–0 lead in the series.

text: In Game 4, Detroit held a 1–0 lead on a triple by Ty Cobb and an RBI single by Claude Rossman before a rain delay in the 5th inning. When play resumed, Chicago baserunners reached via an error and a walk. After Joe Tinker sacrificed, pitcher Orval Overall drove both runners home on a single to right field. The Cubs scored three more in the 7th without hitting the ball out of the infield on four bunts (two for hits) and two ground balls.

text: In Game 5, Chicago wrapped up the series with a 2–0 victory as Mordecai Brown pitched a seven-hit shutout. The Cubs scored a run in the first inning on a walk, stolen base and RBI single by Harry Steinfeldt and scored again in the 2nd on an error, a single, a double-steal and a ground ball out to drive in the final run. Detroit had runners on 2nd and 3rd with one out in the 4th inning, but could not score and never seriously threatened after that.

text: Postseason player stats[edit]

text: Batting[edit]

text: Note: G = Games played; AB = At Bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting Average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in

text:
Player
G
AB
H
Avg.
HR
RBI

Ty Cobb
5
20
4
.200
0
0

Bill Coughlin
5
20
5
.250
0
0

Sam Crawford
5
21
5
.238
0
3

Davy Jones
5
17
6
.353
0
0

Charley O'Leary
5
17
1
.059
0
0

Claude Rossman
5
19
9
.474
0
2

Germany Schaefer
5
21
3
.143
0
0

Boss Schmidt
4
12
2
.167
0
0

text: Pitching[edit]

text:
Player
G
IP
W
L
ERA
SO

Bill Donovan
2
21
0
1
1.71
16

George Mullin
2
17
0
2
2.12
8

Ed Killian
1
4
0
0
2.25
1

Ed Siever
1
4
0
1
4.50
1

text: Notes[edit]

text:
Jump up ^ Crazy ’08: How a cast of Cranks, Rogues, Boneheads and Magnates created the Greatest Year in Baseball History, p. 164, by Cait Murphy, Smithsonian Books, a Division of Harper Collins, 2007, ISBN 978-0-06-088937-1
^ Jump up to: a b Boss Schmidt page at Baseball Library
Jump up ^ Legends of the Game – Charles Schmidt
Jump up ^ Claude Rossman page at Baseball Library Archived September 30, 2007, at the Wayback Machine.
Jump up ^ http://www.libs.uga.edu/russell/online-exhibits/baseball/popculture.html Archived September 5, 2007, at the Wayback Machine.
Jump up ^ BBTF's Dialed In Discussion :: August 18, 2005
Jump up ^ Bill Coughlin page at Baseball Library Archived November 3, 2007, at the Wayback Machine.
Jump up ^ Sam Crawford page at Baseball Reference
Jump up ^ Wild Bill Donovan page at Baseball Library Archived September 30, 2007, at the Wayback Machine.
Jump up ^ Wild Bill Donovan Obituary at The Deadball Era Archived July 19, 2008, at the Wayback Machine.
Jump up ^ Career ERA leaders at Baseball Reference
Jump up ^ Ed Killian page at Baseball Library Archived September 30, 2007, at the Wayback Machine.
Jump up ^ CAM Cornelliana
Jump up ^ Hughie Jennings Obituary from Deadball Era Archived July 19, 2008, at the Wayback Machine.
^ Jump up to: a b "Archived copy". Archived from the original on January 2, 2013. Retrieved 2007-11-09.

tag: ol


document_title: List of Category 5 Atlantic hurricanes

question_text: when was the last cat 5 hurricane that hit the us

text: List of Category 5 Atlantic hurricanes

text: Background[edit]

text:
Saffir–Simpson hurricane wind scale

TD
TS
C1
C2
C3
C4
C5

text: A Category 5 Atlantic hurricane is one that is considered by the United States National Hurricane Center (NHC), to have had sustained wind speeds greater than 136 knots (157 mph; 252 km/h; 70 m/s) on the Saffir–Simpson scale. The NHC considers sustained wind speeds to be those that occur over a one-minute period at 10 metres (32.8 ft) above ground. These wind speeds are estimated by using a blend of data from a variety of sources, which include observations from nearby ships, reconnaissance aircraft, or automatic weather stations and pictures from various satellites.

text: Between 1924 and 2017, 33 hurricanes were recorded at Category 5 strength. No Category 5 hurricanes were observed officially before 1924. It can be presumed that earlier storms reached Category 5 strength over open waters, but the strongest winds were not measured. The anemometer, a device used for measuring wind speed, was invented in 1846. However, during major hurricane strikes the instruments as a whole were often blown away, leaving the hurricane's peak intensity unrecorded. For example, as the Great Beaufort Hurricane of 1879 struck North Carolina, the anemometer cups were blown away when indicating 138 mph (222 km/h).[2]

text: A reanalysis of weather data is ongoing by researchers who may upgrade or downgrade other Atlantic hurricanes currently listed at Categories 4 and 5.[3] For example, the 1825 Santa Ana hurricane is suspected to have reached Category 5 strength.[4] Furthermore, paleotempestological research aims to identify past major hurricanes by comparing sedimentary evidence of recent and past hurricane strikes. For example, a "giant hurricane" significantly more powerful than Hurricane Hattie (Category 5) has been identified in Belizean sediment, having struck the region sometime before 1500.[5]

text: Officially, the decade with the most Category 5 hurricanes is 2000–2009, with eight Category 5 hurricanes having occurred: Isabel (2003), Ivan (2004), Emily (2005), Katrina (2005), Rita (2005), Wilma (2005), Dean (2007), and Felix (2007). The previous decades with the most Category 5 hurricanes were the 1930s and 1960s, with six occurring between 1930 and 1939 (before naming began).[1]

text: Nine Atlantic hurricanes—Camille, Allen, Andrew, Isabel, Ivan, Dean, Felix, Irma and Maria—reached Category 5 intensity on more than one occasion; that is, by reaching Category 5 intensity, weakening to a Category 4 or lower, and then becoming a Category 5 again. Such hurricanes have their dates shown together. Camille, Andrew, Dean, Felix, Irma, and Maria each attained Category 5 status twice during their lifespans. Allen, Isabel, and Ivan reached Category 5 intensity on three separate occasions. However, no Atlantic hurricane has reached Category 5 intensity more than three times during its lifespan. The November 1932 Cuba hurricane holds the record for most time spent as a Category 5 (although it took place before satellite or aircraft reconnaissance, so this record may be somewhat suspect). Irma holds the record for longest continuous span as a Category 5 storm in the satellite era.[1][6]

text: Thirty-three Category 5s have been recorded in the Atlantic basin since 1851, when records began. Only one Category 5 has been recorded in July, eight in August, nineteen in September, five in October, and one in November. There have been no officially recorded June or off-season Category 5 hurricanes.[1]

text: The July and August Category 5s reached their high intensities in both the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea. These are the areas most favorable for tropical cyclone development in those months.[1][7]

text: September sees the most Category 5 hurricanes. This coincides with the climatological peak of the Atlantic hurricane season, which occurs in early September.[8] September Category 5s reached their strengths in any of the Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean Sea, and open Atlantic. These places are where September tropical cyclones are likely to form.[7] Many of these hurricanes are either Cape Verde-type storms, which develop their strength by having a great deal of open water; or so-called Bahama busters, which intensify over the warm Loop Current in the Gulf of Mexico.[9]

text: All six Category 5s in October and November reached their intensities in the western Caribbean, a region that Atlantic hurricanes strongly gravitate toward late in the season.[7] This is due to the climatology of the area, which sometimes has a high-altitude anticyclone that promotes rapid intensification late in the season, as well as warm waters.

text: Systems[edit]

text:
Name
Dates as a
Category 5
Duration
( hours)
Sustained
wind speeds
Pressure
Areas affected
Deaths
Damage
(USD)
Refs

Cuba !"Cuba"
19241019 !October 19, 1924
7001120000000000000♠12
165 !165 mph (270 km/h)
7004910000000000000♠910 hPa (26.87 inHg)
Central America, Mexico, Cuba
Florida, The Bahamas
7001900000000000000♠90

[10]

Okeechobee !"San Felipe II
Okeechobee"
19280913 !September 13–14, 1928
7001120000000000000♠12
160 !160 mph (260 km/h)
7004929000000000000♠929 hPa (27.43 inHg)
Lesser Antilles, The Bahamas
United States East Coast, Atlantic Canada
7003400000000000000♠4,000
7008100000000000000♠$100 million

Bahamas !"Bahamas"
19320905 !September 5–6, 1932
7001240000000000000♠24
160 !160 mph (260 km/h)
7004921000000000000♠921 hPa (27.20 inHg)
The Bahamas, Northeastern United States
7001160000000000000♠16

Cuba !"Cuba"
19321105 !November 5–8, 1932
7001780000000000000♠78
175 !175 mph (280 km/h)
7004915000000000000♠915 hPa (27.02 inHg)
Lesser Antilles, Jamaica, Cayman Islands
Cuba, The Bahamas, Bermuda
7003310300000000000♠3,103
7007400000000000000♠$40 million

Cuba–Brownsville !"Cuba–Brownsville"
19330830 !August 30, 1933
7001120000000000000♠12
160 !160 mph (260 km/h)
7004930000000000000♠930 hPa (27.46 inHg)
The Bahamas, Cuba, Florida
Texas, Tamaulipas
7002179000000000000♠179
7007279000000000000♠$27.9 million

Tampico !"Tampico"
19330921 !September 21, 1933
7001120000000000000♠12
160 !160 mph (260 km/h)
7004929000000000000♠929 hPa (27.43 inHg)
Jamaica, Yucatán Peninsula
7002184000000000000♠184
7006500000000000000♠$5 million

Labor Day !"Labor Day"
19350903 !September 3, 1935
7001180000000000000♠18
185 !185 mph (295 km/h)
7004892000000000000♠892 hPa (26.34 inHg)
The Bahamas, Florida, Georgia, The Carolinas, Virginia
7002408000000000000♠408

New England ! "New England"
19380919 !September 19–20, 1938
7001180000000000000♠18
160 !160 mph (260 km/h)
7004940000000000000♠940 hPa (27.76 inHg)
Southeastern United States, Northeastern United States, Southwestern Quebec
7002682000000000000♠682
7008306000000000000♠$306 million

Carol
19530903 !September 3, 1953
7001120000000000000♠12
160 !160 mph (260 km/h)
7004929000000000000♠929 hPa (27.43 inHg)
Bermuda, New England, Atlantic Canada
7000500000000000000♠5
7006200000000000000♠$2 million

Janet
19550927 !September 27–28, 1955
7001180000000000000♠18
175 !175 mph (280 km/h)
7004914000000000000♠914 hPa (26.99 inHg)
Lesser Antilles, Central America
7003102300000000000♠1,023
7007658000000000000♠$65.8 million
[11]

Carla
19610911 !September 11, 1961
7001180000000000000♠18
175 !175 mph (280 km/h)
7004931000000000000♠931 hPa (27.49 inHg)
Texas, Louisiana, Midwestern United States
7001430000000000000♠43
7008325740000000000♠$326 million
[12][13]

Hattie
19611030 !October 30–31, 1961
7001180000000000000♠18
160 !160 mph (260 km/h)
7004920000000000000♠920 hPa (27.17 inHg)
Central America
7002319000000000000♠319
7007603000000000000♠$60.3 million
[14][15]

Beulah
19670920 !September 20, 1967
7001180000000000000♠18
160 !160 mph (260 km/h)
7004923000000000000♠923 hPa (27.26 inHg)
The Caribbean, Mexico, Texas
7002688000000000000♠688
7008207650000000000♠$208 million
[16]

Camille
19690816 !August 16–18, 1969 †
7001300000000000000♠30
175 !175 mph (280 km/h)
7004900000000000000♠900 hPa (26.58 inHg)
Cuba, United States Gulf Coast
7002259000000000000♠259
7009142000000000000♠$1.42 billion
[12][17]

Edith
19710909 !September 9, 1971
7000600000000000000♠6
160 !160 mph (260 km/h)
7004943000000000000♠943 hPa (27.85 inHg)
The Caribbean, Central America, Mexico, United States Gulf Coast
7001370000000000000♠37
7007254000000000000♠$25.4 million

Anita
19770902 !September 2, 1977
7001120000000000000♠12
175 !175 mph (280 km/h)
7004926000000000000♠926 hPa (27.34 inHg)
Mexico
7001110000000000000♠11
7000100000000000000♠ Extensive
[18]

David
19790830 !August 30–31, 1979
7001420000000000000♠42
175 !175 mph (280 km/h)
7004924000000000000♠924 hPa (27.29 inHg)
The Caribbean, United States East coast
7003206800000000000♠2,068
7009154000000000000♠$1.54 billion
[19][20]

Allen
19800805 !August 5–9, 1980 †
7001720000000000000♠72
190 !190 mph (305 km/h)
7004899000000000000♠899 hPa (26.55 inHg)
The Caribbean, Yucatán Peninsula, Mexico, South Texas
7002269000000000000♠269
7009123760000000000♠$1.24 billion
[19][21][22]

Gilbert
19880913 !September 13–14, 1988
7001240000000000000♠24
185 !185 mph (295 km/h)
7004888000000000000♠888 hPa (26.22 inHg)
Jamaica, Venezuela, Central America, Hispaniola, Mexico
7002318000000000000♠318
7009710000000000000♠$7.1 billion
[23][24]

Hugo
19890915 !September 15, 1989
7000600000000000000♠6
160 !160 mph (260 km/h)
7004918000000000000♠918 hPa (27.11 inHg)
The Caribbean, United States East Coast
7002107000000000000♠107
7010100000000000000♠$10 billion
[17][25][26]

Andrew
19920823 !August 23–24, 1992 †
7001160000000000000♠16
175 !175 mph (280 km/h)
7004922000000000000♠922 hPa (27.23 inHg)
The Bahamas, Florida, United States Gulf Coast
7001650000000000000♠65
7010265000000000000♠$26.5 billion
[17][27]

Mitch
19981026 !October 26–28, 1998
7001420000000000000♠42
180 !180 mph (285 km/h)
7004905000000000000♠905 hPa (26.72 inHg)
Central America, Yucatán Peninsula, South Florida
7004193250000000000♠19,325
7009620000000000000♠$6.2 billion
[28][29][30][31]

Isabel
20030911 !September 11–14, 2003 †
7001420000000000000♠42
165 !165 mph (270 km/h)
7004915000000000000♠915 hPa (27.02 inHg)
Greater Antilles, Bahamas, Eastern United States, Ontario
7001510000000000000♠51
7009537000000000000♠$5.37 billion
[17][32]

Ivan
20040909 !September 9–14, 2004 †
7001600000000000000♠60
165 !165 mph (270 km/h)
7004910000000000000♠910 hPa (26.87 inHg)
The Caribbean, Venezuela, United States Gulf Coast
7002124000000000000♠124
7010232800000000000♠$23.3 billion
[17][33]

Emily
20050716 !July 16, 2005
7000600000000000000♠6
160 !160 mph (260 km/h)
7004929000000000000♠929 hPa (27.43 inHg)
Windward Islands, Jamaica, Mexico, Texas
7001170000000000000♠17
7009101400000000000♠$1.01 billion
[34]

Katrina
20050828 !August 28–29, 2005
7001180000000000000♠18
175 !175 mph (280 km/h)
7004902000000000000♠902 hPa (26.64 inHg)
Bahamas, United States Gulf Coast
7003183600000000000♠1,836
7011108000000000000♠$108 billion
[35]

Rita
20050921 !September 21–22, 2005
7001240000000000000♠24
180 !180 mph (285 km/h)
7004895000000000000♠895 hPa (26.43 inHg)
Cuba, United States Gulf Coast
7002125000000000000♠125
7010120370000000000♠$12 billion
[36]

Wilma
20071019 !October 19, 2005
7001180000000000000♠18
185 !185 mph (295 km/h)
7004882000000000000♠882 hPa (26.05 inHg)
Greater Antilles, Central America, Florida
7001870000000000000♠87
7010294000000000000♠$29.4 billion
[37][38][39][40]

Dean
20070818 !August 18–21, 2007 †
7001240000000000000♠24
175 !175 mph (280 km/h)
7004905000000000000♠905 hPa (26.72 inHg)
The Caribbean, Central America
7001450000000000000♠45
7009176000000000000♠$1.76 billion
[19][41][42]

Felix
20070903 !September 3–4, 2007 †
7001240000000000000♠24
175 !175 mph (280 km/h)
7004929000000000000♠929 hPa (27.43 inHg)
Nicaragua, Honduras
7002133000000000000♠133
7008720000000000000♠$720 million
[43][44][45][46]

Matthew
20161001 !October 1, 2016
7001120000000000000♠12
165 !165 mph (270 km/h)
7004934000000000000♠934 hPa (27.58 inHg)
Antilles, Venezuela, Colombia
United States East Coast, Atlantic Canada
7002603000000000000♠603
7010150900000000000♠$15.1 billion
[47]

Irma
20170905 !September 5–9, 2017 †
7001750000000000000♠75
185 !185 mph (295 km/h)
7004914000000000000♠914 hPa (26.99 inHg)
Cape Verde, The Caribbean, British Virgin Islands
U.S. Virgin Islands, Cuba, Florida
7002134000000000000♠134
>7010628700000000000♠$62.9 billion
[48]

Maria
20170918 !September 18–20, 2017 †
7001300000000000000♠30
175 !175 mph (280 km/h)
7004908000000000000♠908 hPa (26.81 inHg)
Lesser Antilles, Virgin Islands, Puerto Rico, Dominican Republic, Turks and Caicos Islands
≥7001970000000000000♠97
>7010511200000000000♠$51.1 billion
[49]

Overall reference for Name, dates, duration, winds and pressure:[1]
†Discontinuous duration (weakened below Category 5 then restrengthened to that classification at least once)

text: Listed by month[edit]

text:
Month
Number of recorded storms

July
1

August
7

September
19

October
5

November
1

Source
National Hurricane Center[1]

text: Landfalls[edit]

text: All Atlantic Category 5 hurricanes have made landfall at some location at hurricane strength. Most Category 5 hurricanes in the Atlantic make landfall because of their proximity to land in the Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico, where the usual synoptic weather patterns carry them towards land, as opposed to the westward, oceanic mean track of Eastern Pacific hurricanes.[50] Sixteen of the storms made landfall while at Category 5 intensity;[1] 2007 and 2017 are the only years in which two storms made landfall at this intensity.[1]

text: Many of these systems made landfall shortly after weakening from a Category 5. This weakening can be caused by dry air near land, shallower waters due to shelving, interaction with land, or cooler waters near shore.[35] In southern Florida, the return period for a Category 5 hurricane is roughly once every 50 years.[51]

text: The following table lists these hurricanes by landfall intensity.

text:
Name
Year

Category 5

Category 4

Category 3

Category 2

Category 1

Tropical storm

Tropical depression

References

Cuba !"Cuba"
1924
Cuba

Florida
The Bahamas

[1][52]

Okeechobee !"Okeechobee"
1928
Puerto Rico
Guadeloupe, Turks and Caicos Islands, The Bahamas, & Florida

South Carolina

Bahamas !"Bahamas"
1932
The Bahamas

Cuba !"Cuba"
1932

Little Cayman & Cuba
The Bahamas

Martinique

Cuba !"Cuba–Brownsville"
1933
The Bahamas

Cuba & Texas

Tampico !"Tampico"
1933

Yucatán Peninsula

Mainland Mexico

Labor Day !"Labor Day"
1935
Florida Keys

Northwest Florida
The Bahamas

New England !"New England"
1938

New York & Connecticut

Carol
1953

Canada

Janet
1955
Yucatán Peninsula

Mainland Mexico

Carla
1961

Texas

Hattie
1961

Belize

Mexico

Beulah
1967

Texas
Yucatán Peninsula

Camille
1969
Mississippi

Cuba

Edith
1971
Nicaragua

Louisiana
Belize & Mexico

Anita
1977
Mexico

David
1979
Dominican Republic
Dominica

Florida
Cuba, The Bahamas, & Georgia

Allen
1980

Texas

Gilbert
1988
Quintana Roo

Jamaica & Tamaulipas

[23]

Hugo
1989

Guadeloupe, Saint Croix, & South Carolina
Puerto Rico

[25]

Andrew
1992
Eleuthera & Florida
Berry Islands
Louisiana

[27]

Mitch
1998

Honduras
Campeche & Florida

[28]

Isabel
2003

North Carolina

[32]

Ivan
2004

Alabama

Louisiana
[33]

Emily
2005

Quintana Roo
Tamaulipas

Grenada

[34]

Katrina
2005

Louisiana & Mississippi

Florida

[35]

Rita
2005

Louisiana

[36]

Wilma
2005

Cozumel & Quintana Roo
Florida

[37]

Dean
2007
Quintana Roo

Veracruz

[41]

Felix
2007
Nicaragua

Grenada

[43]

Matthew
2016

Haiti, Cuba & Grand Bahama

South Carolina

[47]

Irma
2017
Barbuda, Saint Martin, Ginger Island, Tortola, Little Inagua & Cuba
Florida Keys
Southwest Florida

[53][54][55][56][57][58]

Maria
2017
Dominica
Puerto Rico

[59]


document_title: First Lady of Nigeria

question_text: what is the name of nigeria president wife

text: First Lady of Nigeria

text:
First Lady of Nigeria

Incumbent
Aisha Buhari
since 29 May 2015

Inaugural holder
Flora Azikiwe

Formation
1963

text: The First Lady of Nigeria is an informal, but accepted title, held by the wife of the President of Nigeria. The current First Lady is Aisha Buhari who has held the title since 29 May 2015.[1]

text: The Constitution of Nigeria does not create an office for the country's First Lady or potential First Gentleman.[1] However, official funding and staff have been allocated to the First Lady of Nigeria since the country's independence.[1] The First Lady is addressed by the title, Her Excellency.[1]

text: Stella Obasanjo is the only Nigerian First Lady to have died in office.[1]

text: First Ladies of Nigeria[edit]

text:
Name
Term Begins
Term Ends
President or Head of State

Flora Azikiwe[1]
1 October 1963
16 January 1966
Nnamdi Azikiwe

Victoria Aguiyi-Ironsi[1]
16 January 1966
29 July 1966
Johnson Aguiyi-Ironsi

Victoria Gowon[1]
1 August 1966
29 July 1975
Yakubu Gowon

Ajoke Mohammed[1]
29 July 1975
13 February 1976
Murtala Mohammed

Esther Oluremi Obasanjo[1]
13 February 1976
1 October 1979
Olusegun Obasanjo

No First Lady[1]
1 October 1979
31 December 1983
Shehu Shagari

Safinatu Buhari[1]
31 December 1983
27 August 1985
Muhammadu Buhari

Maryam Babangida[1]
27 August 1985
26 August 1993
Ibrahim Babangida

Margaret Shonekan[1]
26 August 1993
17 November 1993
Ernest Shonekan

Maryam Abacha[1]
17 November 1993
8 June 1998
Sani Abacha

Fati Lami Abubakar
8 June 1998
29 May 1999
Abdulsalami Abubakar

Stella Obasanjo
29 May 1999
23 October 2005 (Died in office)[1]
Olusegun Obasanjo

Office vacant
23 October 2005
29 May 2007
Olusegun Obasanjo

Turai Yar'Adua[1]
29 May 2007
9 February 2010
Umaru Musa Yar'Adua

Patience Jonathan
9 February 2010
6 May 2010
Goodluck Jonathan (acting)

Patience Jonathan
6 May 2010
29 May 2015
Goodluck Jonathan

Aisha Buhari
29 May 2015
Present
Muhammadu Buhari