document_title: List of countries by life expectancy

question_text: what is the average age at death in the us

text: List of countries by life expectancy

text: Methodology[edit]

text: Life expectancy equals the average number of years a person born in a given country is expected to live if mortality rates at each age were to remain steady in the future. The life expectancy is shown separately for males and females, as well as a combined figure. Several non-sovereign entities are also included in this list.

text: The figures reflect the quality of healthcare in the countries listed as well as other factors including ongoing wars, obesity, and HIV infections.[citation needed]

text: Worldwide, the average life expectancy at birth was 71.5 years (68 years and 4 months for males and 72 years and 8 months for females) over the period 2010–2015 according to United Nations World Population Prospects 2015 Revision,[3] or 69 years (67 years for males and 71.1 years for females) for 2016 according to The World Factbook.[4] According to the 2015 World Health Organization (WHO) data, women on average live longer than men in all major regions and in all individual countries except for Mali and Swaziland.[3]

text: The countries with the lowest overall life expectancies per the WHO are Sierra Leone, the Central African Republic, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Guinea-Bissau, Lesotho, Somalia, Swaziland, Angola, Chad, Mali, Burundi, Cameroon, and Mozambique. Of those countries, only Lesotho, Swaziland, and Mozambique in 2011 were suffering from an HIV prevalence rate of greater than 10 percent in the 15–49 age group.[5]

text: Comparing life expectancies from birth across countries can be problematic. There are differing definitions of live birth vs stillbirth even among more developed countries and less developed countries often have poor reporting.[6]

text: Republic of China (Taiwan)'s data is not included in the following WHO statistics. According to the Ministry of the Interior of the Republic of China, the life expectancy of the 23.5-million Taiwanese people reached 80.2 years in 2015, up from 79.84 years in 2014. The life expectancy of Taiwanese males averaged 77.01, while that of females reached 83.62, both of which were record highs.[7]

text: Hong Kong is a territory with the world's highest life expectancy according to Hong Kong Department of Health, the life expectancy reached 84.0 years in 2015 surpassing Japan's 83.7 years. With men at 81.2 years and women at 87.3 years. The data is not included in the following WHO statistics as a separate entity since Hong Kong is a Special Administrative Region of China, and is not itself a member of the WHO.[8]

text: List by the World Health Organization (2015)[edit]

text: 2015 data[9] published in May 2016.[10]

text: HALE: Health-adjusted life expectancy[11]

text:
Country
Both sexes
rank
Both sexes life
expectancy
Female
rank
Female life
expectancy
Male
rank
Male life
expectancy
Both sexes
rank (HALE)
Both sexes life
expectancy (HALE)

 Japan
1
83.7
1
86.8
6
80.5
1
74.9

  Switzerland
2
83.4
6
85.3
1
81.3
4
73.1

 Singapore
3
83.1
2
86.1
10
80.0
2
73.9

 Australia
4
82.8
7
84.8
3
80.9
15
71.9

 Spain
4
82.8
3
85.5
9
80.1
9
72.4

 Iceland
6
82.7
10
84.1
2
81.2
7
72.7

 Italy
6
82.7
7
84.8
6
80.5
5
72.8

 Israel
8
82.5
9
84.3
5
80.6
5
72.8

 Sweden
9
82.4
12
84.0
4
80.7
12
72.0

 France
9
82.4
5
85.4
16
79.4
8
72.6

 South Korea
11
82.3
3
85.5
20
78.8
3
73.2

 Canada
12
82.2
10
84.1
8
80.2
10
72.3

 Luxembourg
13
82.0
12
84.0
13
79.8
17
71.8

 Netherlands
14
81.9
20
83.6
10
80.0
11
72.2

 Norway
15
81.8
17
83.7
13
79.8
12
72.0

 Malta
16
81.7
17
83.7
15
79.7
18
71.7

 New Zealand
17
81.6
26
83.3
10
80.0
19
71.6

 Austria
18
81.5
14
83.9
19
79.0
12
72.0

 Ireland
19
81.4
23
83.4
16
79.4
20
71.5

 United Kingdom
20
81.2
27
83.0
16
79.4
21
71.4

 Belgium
21
81.1
22
83.5
22
78.6
26
71.1

 Finland
21
81.1
16
83.8
24
78.3
28
71.0

 Portugal
21
81.1
14
83.9
27
78.2
21
71.4

 Germany
24
81.0
23
83.4
21
78.7
23
71.3

 Greece
24
81.0
20
83.6
24
78.3
15
71.9

 Slovenia
26
80.8
17
83.7
28
77.9
26
71.1

 Denmark
27
80.6
29
82.5
22
78.6
25
71.2

 Cyprus
28
80.5
28
82.7
24
78.3
23
71.3

 Chile
28
80.5
23
83.4
29
77.4
29
70.4

 Costa Rica
30
79.6
30
82.2
31
77.1
31
69.7

 United States
31
79.3
33
81.6
32
76.9
36
69.1

 Cuba
32
79.1
34
81.4
32
76.9
35
69.2

 Czech Republic
33
78.8
32
81.7
38
75.9
33
69.4

 Maldives
34
78.5
41
80.2
32
76.9
32
69.6

 Qatar
35
78.2
43
80.0
29
77.4
47
67.7

 Croatia
36
78.0
36
81.2
42
74.7
33
69.4

 Albania
37
77.8
38
80.7
39
75.1
38
68.8

 Panama
37
77.8
37
81.1
42
74.7
42
68.1

 Brunei
39
77.7
47
79.2
36
76.3
29
70.4

 Estonia
40
77.6
31
82.0
65
72.7
37
68.9

 Poland
41
77.5
35
81.3
52
73.6
39
68.7

 Bosnia and Herzegovina
42
77.4
45
79.7
40
75.0
40
68.6

 United Arab Emirates
43
77.1
57
78.6
35
76.4
44
67.9

 Uruguay
44
77.0
40
80.4
56
73.3
44
67.9

 Bahrain
45
76.9
71
77.9
37
76.2
55
67.0

 Mexico
46
76.7
46
79.5
48
73.9
52
67.4

 Slovakia
46
76.7
41
80.2
62
72.9
42
68.1

 Oman
48
76.6
47
79.2
40
75.0
63
66.7

 Antigua and Barbuda
49
76.4
57
78.6
46
74.1
50
67.5

 Argentina
50
76.3
44
79.9
65
72.7
49
67.6

 Jamaica
51
76.2
57
78.6
48
73.9
58
66.9

 Ecuador
51
76.2
53
79.0
53
73.5
55
67.0

 China
53
76.1
80
77.6
44
74.6
41
68.5

 Montenegro
53
76.1
65
78.1
46
74.1
44
67.9

 Bahamas
53
76.1
50
79.1
62
72.9
65
66.6

 Vietnam
56
76.0
38
80.7
81
71.3
65
66.6

 Hungary
57
75.9
50
79.1
71
72.3
52
67.4

 Turkey
58
75.8
54
78.9
68
72.6
73
66.2

 Macedonia
59
75.7
76
77.8
53
73.5
50
67.5

 Algeria
60
75.6
81
77.5
50
73.8
75
66.0

 Serbia
60
75.6
61
78.4
62
72.9
47
67.7

 Iran
62
75.5
86
76.6
45
74.5
65
66.6

 Peru
62
75.5
66
78.0
59
73.1
80
65.6

 Barbados
62
75.5
71
77.9
59
73.1
65
66.6

 Tunisia
65
75.3
76
77.8
61
73.0
63
66.7

 Saint Lucia
66
75.2
71
77.9
68
72.6
74
66.1

 Malaysia
67
75.0
83
77.3
65
72.7
70
66.5

 Romania
67
75.0
55
78.8
78
71.4
59
66.8

 Brazil
67
75.0
56
78.7
78
71.4
81
65.5

 Lebanon
70
74.9
87
76.5
53
73.5
79
65.7

 Thailand
70
74.9
66
78.0
74
71.9
59
66.8

 Sri Lanka
70
74.9
63
78.3
75
71.6
55
67.0

 Armenia
73
74.8
79
77.7
75
71.6
59
66.8

 Nicaragua
73
74.8
71
77.9
77
71.5
103
63.7

 Colombia
73
74.8
61
78.4
84
71.2
85
65.1

 Kuwait
76
74.7
93
76.0
51
73.7
78
65.8

 Honduras
77
74.6
85
77.0
71
72.3
90
64.9

 Mauritius
77
74.6
76
77.8
78
71.4
59
66.8

 Latvia
77
74.6
47
79.2
95
69.6
54
67.1

 Saudi Arabia
80
74.5
93
76.0
58
73.2
96
64.5

 Bulgaria
80
74.5
66
78.0
86
71.1
72
66.4

 Georgia
82
74.4
63
78.3
91
70.3
70
66.5

 Morocco
83
74.3
99
75.4
56
73.3
90
64.9

 Jordan
84
74.1
96
75.9
70
72.5
88
65.0

 Venezuela
84
74.1
60
78.5
94
70.0
83
65.2

 Paraguay
86
74.0
93
76.0
73
72.2
83
65.2

 Samoa
86
74.0
81
77.5
87
70.9
65
66.6

 Dominican Republic
88
73.9
84
77.1
87
70.9
85
65.1

 Grenada
89
73.6
91
76.1
84
71.2
88
65.0

 Lithuania
89
73.6
50
79.1
104
68.1
75
66.0

 Tonga
91
73.5
88
76.4
89
70.6
75
66.0

 El Salvador
91
73.5
71
77.9
99
68.8
98
64.1

 Cape Verde
93
73.3
103
75.0
81
71.3
97
64.4

 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
94
73.2
100
75.2
81
71.3
94
64.6

 Seychelles
94
73.2
66
78.0
98
69.1
81
65.5

 Libya
96
72.7
98
75.6
92
70.1
101
63.8

 Azerbaijan
96
72.7
97
75.8
95
69.6
93
64.7

 Belarus
98
72.3
66
78.0
119
66.5
85
65.1

 Moldova
99
72.1
90
76.2
106
67.9
92
64.8

 Vanuatu
100
72.0
107
74.0
92
70.1
94
64.6

 Guatemala
101
71.9
100
75.2
102
68.5
116
62.1

 Bangladesh
102
71.8
113
73.1
89
70.6
111
62.3

 Suriname
103
71.6
105
74.7
101
68.6
107
63.1

 Ukraine
104
71.3
91
76.1
120
66.3
98
64.1

 Trinidad and Tobago
105
71.2
104
74.8
106
67.9
104
63.3

 Kyrgyzstan
106
71.1
102
75.1
111
67.2
101
63.8

 Egypt
107
70.9
111
73.2
99
68.8
113
62.2

 Bolivia
108
70.7
110
73.3
103
68.2
113
62.2

 DPR Korea
109
70.6
107
74.0
113
67.0
100
64.0

 Russian Federation
110
70.5
89
76.3
127
64.7
104
63.3

 Kazakhstan
111
70.2
105
74.7
123
65.7
104
63.3

 Belize
112
70.1
113
73.1
110
67.5
111
62.3

 Fiji
113
69.9
113
73.1
113
67.0
108
62.9

 Bhutan
114
69.8
126
70.1
97
69.5
120
61.2

 Tajikistan
115
69.7
109
73.6
116
66.6
116
62.1

 Micronesia
116
69.4
124
70.6
104
68.1
109
62.5

 Uzbekistan
116
69.4
116
72.7
122
66.1
110
62.4

 Solomon Islands
118
69.2
121
70.8
106
67.9
116
62.1

   Nepal
118
69.2
121
70.8
109
67.7
121
61.1

 Indonesia
120
69.1
119
71.2
112
67.1
113
62.2

 Iraq
121
68.9
118
71.8
121
66.2
124
60.0

 Mongolia
122
68.8
111
73.2
127
64.7
119
62.0

 Cambodia
123
68.7
123
70.7
116
66.6
130
58.9

 Philippines
124
68.5
117
72.0
126
65.3
121
61.1

 India
125
68.3
128
69.9
115
66.9
126
59.5

 Timor-Leste
125
68.3
126
70.1
116
66.6
123
60.7

 Sao Tome and Principe
127
67.5
130
69.4
124
65.6
128
59.1

 Senegal
128
66.7
132
68.6
130
64.6
132
58.3

 Myanmar
129
66.6
133
68.5
130
64.6
127
59.2

 Pakistan
130
66.4
137
67.5
125
65.5
134
57.8

 Kiribati
131
66.3
131
68.8
136
63.7
128
59.1

 Turkmenistan
131
66.3
125
70.5
143
62.2
125
59.8

 Guyana
133
66.2
133
68.5
134
63.9
130
58.9

 Rwanda
134
66.1
120
71.1
150
60.9
140
56.6

 Gabon
135
66.0
138
67.2
127
64.7
137
57.2

 Namibia
136
65.8
135
68.3
139
63.1
136
57.5

 Yemen
137
65.7
138
67.2
132
64.3
135
57.7

 Laos
137
65.7
138
67.2
133
64.1
133
57.9

 Botswana
137
65.7
136
68.1
137
63.3
138
56.9

 Madagascar
140
65.5
141
67.0
134
63.9
138
56.9

 Ethiopia
141
64.8
143
66.8
140
62.8
143
56.1

 Congo
142
64.7
144
66.3
138
63.2
140
56.6

 Eritrea
142
64.7
141
67.0
141
62.4
145
55.9

 Syria
144
64.5
128
69.9
154
59.9
143
56.1

 Sudan
145
64.1
146
65.9
141
62.4
145
55.9

 Comoros
146
63.5
151
65.2
144
61.9
145
55.9

 Djibouti
146
63.5
150
65.3
145
61.8
148
55.8

 Haiti
146
63.5
148
65.5
147
61.5
150
55.4

 Kenya
149
63.4
147
65.8
148
61.1
149
55.6

 Mauritania
150
63.1
153
64.6
146
61.6
152
55.1

 Papua New Guinea
151
62.9
149
65.4
152
60.6
142
56.4

 South Africa
151
62.9
145
66.2
158
59.3
153
54.5

 Ghana
153
62.4
155
63.9
149
61.0
151
55.3

 Uganda
154
62.3
154
64.3
153
60.3
156
54.0

 Niger
155
61.8
158
62.8
150
60.9
154
54.2

 Tanzania
155
61.8
156
63.8
154
59.9
155
54.1

 Zambia
155
61.8
152
64.7
161
59.0
158
53.6

 Liberia
158
61.4
157
62.9
156
59.8
160
52.7

 Gambia
159
61.1
159
62.5
156
59.8
157
53.8

 Zimbabwe
160
60.7
160
62.3
161
59.0
163
52.3

 Afghanistan
161
60.5
161
61.9
158
59.3
164
52.2

 Benin
162
60.0
164
61.1
163
58.8
162
52.5

 Burkina Faso
163
59.9
167
60.5
160
59.1
161
52.6

 Togo
163
59.9
164
61.1
164
58.6
159
52.8

 DR Congo
165
59.8
163
61.5
165
58.3
166
51.7

 Burundi
166
59.6
162
61.6
168
57.7
164
52.2

 Guinea
167
59.0
171
59.8
166
58.2
166
51.7

 Guinea-Bissau
168
58.9
167
60.5
169
57.2
168
51.5

 Swaziland
168
58.9
164
61.1
171
56.6
172
50.9

 Malawi
170
58.3
170
59.9
170
56.7
169
51.2

 Mali
171
58.2
175
58.3
166
58.2
171
51.1

 Equatorial Guinea
171
58.2
169
60.0
171
56.6
169
51.2

 Mozambique
173
57.6
172
59.4
175
55.7
175
49.6

 South Sudan
174
57.3
173
58.6
173
56.1
174
49.9

 Cameroon
174
57.3
173
58.6
174
55.9
173
50.3

 Somalia
176
55.0
176
56.6
176
53.5
176
47.8

 Nigeria
177
54.5
177
55.6
177
53.4
177
47.7

 Lesotho
178
53.7
178
55.4
179
51.7
179
46.6

 Cote d'Ivoire
179
53.3
180
54.4
178
52.3
178
47.0

 Chad
180
53.1
179
54.5
179
51.7
180
46.1

 Central African Republic
181
52.5
181
54.1
181
50.9
181
45.9

 Angola
182
52.4
182
54.0
181
50.9
182
45.8

 Sierra Leone
183
50.1
183
50.8
183
49.3
183
44.4

text: List by the United Nations, for 2010–2015[edit]

text: On July 2015, the Population Division of the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (UN DESA), released World Population Prospects, The 2015 Revision.[3] The following table shows the life expectancy at birth for the period 2010 to 2015.

text:
over 80
  77.5-80.0
  75.0-77.5
  72.5-75.0
  70.0-72.5
  67.5-70.0
  65.0-67.5

  60-65
  55-60
  50-55
  45-50
  under 45
  not available

text:
Life expectancy at birth (years), UN World Population Prospects 2015

Rank
State/Territory
Overall
Male
Female

1
 Hong Kong
83.74
80.91
86.58

2
 Japan
83.31
80.00
86.49

3
 Italy
82.84
80.27
85.23

4
  Switzerland
82.66
80.43
84.74

5
 Singapore
82.64
79.59
85.61

6
 Iceland
82.30
80.73
83.84

7
 Spain
82.28
79.42
85.05

8
 Australia
82.10
79.93
84.28

9
 Israel
82.07
80.18
83.82

10
 Sweden
81.93
80.10
83.71

11
 France (metropol.)
81.85
78.76
84.87

12
 Canada
81.78
79.69
83.78

13
 New Zealand
81.56
79.71
83.35

14
 South Korea
81.43
77.95
84.63

15
 Luxembourg
81.34
78.94
83.65

16
 Norway
81.32
79.22
83.38

17
 Netherlands
81.31
79.36
83.14

18
 Chile
81.21
78.09
84.12

19
 Martinique ( France)
81.18
77.79
84.36

20
 Austria
81.09
78.47
83.59

21
 Germany
80.66
78.18
83.06

22
 Greece
80.60
77.64
83.60

23
 Ireland
80.57
78.40
82.74

24
 Guadeloupe ( France)
80.56
76.83
83.98

25
 Portugal
80.55
77.43
83.50

26=
 Belgium
80.53
77.95
83.02

26=
 Finland
80.53
77.60
83.40

28=
Channel Islands ( UK)
80.45
78.45
82.39

28=
 United Kingdom
80.45
78.45
82.39

30=
 Malta
80.30
78.55
81.98

30=
 Macau
80.30
78.07
82.51

32
 Slovenia
80.08
76.92
83.14

33
 U.S. Virgin Islands ( US)
80.06
77.24
82.92

34
 Denmark
79.99
78.00
81.94

35
 Cyprus
79.90
77.69
82.17

36
 Réunion ( France)
79.54
76.04
82.90

37
 Mayotte ( France)
79.34
76.04
82.90

38
 Republic of China (Taiwan)
79.26
76.43
82.30

39
 Puerto Rico ( US)
79.22
75.19
83.17

40=
 Costa Rica
79.16
76.70
81.69

40=
 Cuba
79.16
77.10
81.27

42
 French Guiana ( France)
78.98
75.75
82.58

43
 United States
78.88
76.47
81.25

44
 Lebanon
78.86
77.14
80.87

45
 Guam ( US)
78.72
76.14
81.47

46
 Brunei
78.44
76.64
80.39

47
 Czech Republic
78.35
75.36
81.27

48
 Qatar
77.89
77.10
79.68

49
 Curaçao ( Netherlands)
77.77
74.50
80.70

50
 Albania
77.49
75.04
80.19

51
 Panama
77.32
74.34
80.49

52
 Poland
77.14
73.06
81.14

53
 Croatia
77.05
73.64
80.38

54
 Uruguay
76.96
73.25
80.44

55
 United Arab Emirates
76.67
76.02
78.23

56
 Estonia
76.52
71.57
81.05

57
 Mexico
76.48
74.04
78.93

58
 Bahrain
76.38
75.58
77.42

59
 Maldives
76.36
75.40
77.41

60
 Oman
76.33
74.66
78.85

61
 Bosnia and Herzegovina
76.26
73.71
78.82

62
 New Caledonia ( France)
76.19
73.55
79.31

63
 French Polynesia ( France)
76.12
73.97
78.55

64
 Slovakia
76.04
72.24
79.73

65
 Montenegro
76.02
73.83
78.18

66
 Argentina
76.01
72.15
79.83

67
 Antigua and Barbuda
75.82
73.29
78.21

68
 Vietnam
75.57
70.73
80.31

69
 Ecuador
75.54
72.82
78.37

70
 Jamaica
75.44
73.07
77.89

71
 China
75.43
73.97
77.02

72
 Aruba ( Netherlands)
75.39
72.89
77.76

73
 Barbados
75.37
72.91
77.71

74
 Republic of Macedonia
75.16
72.87
77.48

75
 Bahamas
75.15
72.02
78.09

76
 Iran
75.06
73.98
76.22

77
 Hungary
74.98
71.23
78.54

78
 Turkey
74.84
71.53
78.12

79
 Saint Lucia
74.81
72.17
77.57

80
 Serbia
74.65
71.83
77.50

81=
 Sri Lanka
74.64
71.24
78.03

81=
 Georgia
74.64
70.91
78.14

83
 Tunisia
74.60
72.30
77.04

84
 Armenia
74.56
70.74
78.39

85
 Malaysia
74.50
72.21
76.88

86
 Nicaragua
74.47
71.38
77.48

87
 Romania
74.46
70.92
78.07

88
 Algeria
74.42
72.14
76.84

89
 Kuwait
74.28
73.34
75.56

90=
 Mauritius
74.15
70.67
77.74

90=
 Peru
74.15
71.54
76.84

92
 Thailand
74.14
70.83
77.58

93
 Saudi Arabia
74.08
72.82
75.47

94
 Brazil
74.05
70.29
77.86

95
 Bulgaria
74.04
70.64
77.56

96=
 Venezuela
73.95
69.93
78.24

96=
 Latvia
73.95
68.85
78.68

98
 Jordan
73.79
72.21
75.52

99
 Colombia
73.75
70.19
77.39

100
 Morocco
73.61
72.60
74.62

101
 Dominican Republic
73.19
70.16
76.45

102
 Grenada
73.17
70.78
75.59

103
 Lithuania
73.07
67.39
78.78

104
 Samoa
73.02
70.02
76.39

105
 Cape Verde
72.97
71.05
74.65

106
 Seychelles
72.94
68.69
77.91

107
 Honduras
72.83
70.39
75.40

108
 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
72.75
70.70
74.90

109
 Paraguay
72.74
70.70
74.92

110
 Palestine
72.65
70.74
74.66

111
 El Salvador
72.64
67.89
77.08

112
 Tonga
72.60
69.72
75.56

113
 Vanuatu
71.48
69.59
73.60

114=
 Libya
71.47
68.79
74.41

114=
 Guatemala
71.47
67.92
74.98

116
 Moldova
71.33
67.22
75.43

117
 Belarus
71.08
65.29
76.97

118
 Bangladesh
71.01
69.85
72.26

119
 Suriname
70.90
67.81
74.18

120
 Egypt
70.84
68.71
73.05

121
 Ukraine
70.76
65.73
75.67

122
 Azerbaijan
70.62
67.54
73.77

123
 Kyrgyzstan
70.26
66.35
74.29

124
 Trinidad and Tobago
70.23
66.87
73.84

125
 North Korea
69.91
66.30
73.27

126
 Russian Federation
69.83
64.15
75.55

127
 Belize
69.76
67.19
72.72

128
 Fiji
69.72
66.93
72.89

129
 Syria
69.51
63.98
76.26

130
 Iraq
69.19
66.99
71.44

131=
 Tajikistan
69.07
65.90
72.84

131=
 Kazakhstan
69.07
64.29
73.87

133
   Nepal
69.03
67.64
70.45

134
 Federated States of Micronesia
68.93
67.99
69.85

135
 Mongolia
68.89
64.76
73.29

136
 Bhutan
68.88
68.63
69.09

137
 Indonesia
68.59
66.61
70.70

138
 Uzbekistan
68.25
64.90
71.61

139
 Philippines
67.99
64.72
71.55

140
 Timor-Leste
67.73
66.06
69.51

141
 Bolivia
67.72
65.34
70.21

142=
Western Sahara
67.61
65.89
69.81

142=
 Cambodia
67.61
65.50
69.55

144
 Solomon Islands
67.53
66.19
69.03

145
 India
67.47
66.13
68.93

146
 Guyana
66.24
64.03
68.59

147
 São Tomé and Príncipe
66.23
64.23
68.19

148
 Pakistan
65.88
64.99
66.84

149
 Senegal
65.81
63.86
67.61

150
 Kiribati
65.74
62.55
68.93

151
 Myanmar
65.64
63.58
67.66

152
 Laos
65.51
64.14
66.84

153
 Turkmenistan
65.39
61.31
69.69

154
 Madagascar
64.50
63.02
66.00

155
 Namibia
64.34
61.58
66.95

156
 Botswana
64.12
61.80
66.51

157
 Tanzania
64.04
62.55
65.55

158
 Gabon
63.65
63.15
64.07

159
 Yemen
63.51
62.18
64.88

160
 Rwanda
63.14
59.65
66.30

161
 Ethiopia
63.13
61.30
65.02

162
 Sudan
63.08
61.60
64.60

163
 Eritrea
63.07
60.90
65.18

164
 Comoros
62.83
61.20
64.50

165
 Mauritania
62.77
61.29
64.25

166
 Papua New Guinea
62.31
60.25
64.49

167
 Haiti
62.29
60.18
64.42

168
 Djibouti
61.61
60.04
63.24

169
 Congo
61.42
59.95
62.92

170
 Ghana
61.03
60.06
61.97

171
 Malawi
60.97
59.86
61.98

172
 Niger
60.65
59.85
61.55

173
 Kenya
60.62
59.08
62.17

174
 Liberia
60.25
59.29
61.21

175
 Gambia
59.83
58.54
61.21

176
 Afghanistan
59.82
58.67
61.06

177
 Benin
59.20
57.77
60.61

178
 Togo
59.01
58.28
59.68

179
 Zambia
58.75
57.16
60.33

180
 Democratic Republic of the Congo
58.10
56.67
59.53

181
 Burkina Faso
58.07
56.73
59.33

182
 Guinea
58.04
57.58
58.49

183
 Uganda
57.25
55.67
58.83

184
 Mali
57.23
57.44
56.98

185
 Equatorial Guinea
57.13
55.87
58.57

186
 South Africa
57.11
54.85
59.11

187
 Burundi
56.07
54.18
58.04

188
 South Sudan
55.06
54.10
56.03

189
 Somalia
54.88
53.28
56.51

190
 Cameroon
54.87
53.74
56.02

191
 Zimbabwe
54.78
53.60
55.95

192
 Guinea-Bissau
54.72
53.00
56.50

193
 Mozambique
54.63
52.94
56.18

194
 Nigeria
52.29
51.97
52.61

195
 Angola
51.68
50.20
53.17

196
 Chad
51.13
50.08
52.18

197
 Côte d'Ivoire
50.97
50.21
51.85

198
 Sierra Leone
50.19
49.65
50.74

199
 Central African Republic
49.53
47.83
51.25

200
 Lesotho
49.50
49.19
49.59

201
 Swaziland
49.18
49.69
48.54

text: List from the "GBD 2010" study[edit]

text: The Global Burden of Disease 2010 study published updated figures in 2012,[12] including recalculations of life expectancies[13] which differ substantially in places from the UN estimates for 2010 (reasons for this are discussed in the freely available appendix to the paper, pages 25–27, currently not available). Although no estimate is given for the sexes combined, for the first time life expectancy estimates have included uncertainty intervals.

text:
Life expectancy at birth (years), Global Burden of Disease 2010

state/territory
Male
95% range
Female
95% range

 World average
67.50
(66.90-68.10)
73.30
(72.80-73.80)

 Afghanistan
58.20
(54.20-62.80)
57.30
(52.20-61.70)

 Albania
72.00
(69.20-74.90)
78.10
(75.90-80.20)

 Algeria
74.30
(73.20-75.40)
76.50
(75.50-77.50)

 Andorra
79.80
(78.80-81.00)
85.20
(84.20-86.20)

 Angola
57.90
(49.50-66.50)
63.90
(56.00-72.00)

 Antigua and Barbuda
74.10
(72.20-75.90)
79.00
(77.30-80.50)

 Argentina
72.50
(72.40-72.60)
79.30
(79.20-79.40)

 Armenia
68.90
(67.20-70.50)
78.50
(77.40-79.60)

 Australia
79.20
(79.10-79.30)
83.80
(83.70-83.90)

 Austria
77.70
(77.50-77.90)
83.30
(83.20-83.50)

 Azerbaijan
68.90
(67.60-70.20)
76.20
(74.90-77.40)

 Bahrain
76.40
(74.80-78.20)
79.10
(77.50-80.70)

 Bangladesh
67.20
(65.60-68.80)
71.00
(69.40-72.80)

 Barbados
74.30
(72.70-76.00)
77.00
(75.60-78.30)

 Belarus
64.10
(63.40-64.90)
76.00
(75.50-76.50)

 Belgium
76.70
(76.40-77.10)
82.30
(81.90-82.60)

 Belize
68.90
(67.30-70.30)
73.60
(72.30-75.00)

 Benin
60.70
(57.60-63.50)
65.90
(63.20-68.50)

 Bhutan
67.60
(60.90-73.30)
71.70
(65.70-77.10)

 Bolivia
69.70
(67.30-72.50)
71.70
(69.50-74.10)

 Bosnia and Herzegovina
74.10
(73.90-74.40)
78.80
(78.50-79.00)

 Botswana
68.10
(63.60-73.60)
74.00
(69.20-80.60)

 Brazil
71.50
(71.20-71.80)
79.70
(79.50-79.90)

 Brunei
75.50
(74.30-76.60)
79.10
(78.00-80.30)

 Bulgaria
70.10
(69.90-70.30)
77.00
(76.80-77.20)

 Burkina Faso
52.80
(46.60-58.10)
57.60
(52.70-62.10)

 Burma
60.70
(51.40-69.80)
67.60
(60.10-73.60)

 Burundi
53.00
(42.70-63.00)
55.20
(45.20-64.60)

 Cambodia
64.60
(63.30-66.00)
70.10
(68.80-71.50)

 Cameroon
57.10
(53.50-60.90)
61.10
(57.80-64.30)

 Canada
78.50
(78.20-78.70)
82.70
(82.50-83.00)

 Cape Verde
70.90
(66.30-75.50)
79.10
(75.30-82.50)

 Central African Republic
43.60
(38.40-49.30)
49.30
(44.00-54.60)

 Chad
53.30
(47.20-58.20)
57.80
(53.00-62.30)

 Chile
75.50
(75.20-75.90)
81.50
(81.20-81.80)

 China
72.90
(71.80-74.00)
79.00
(78.00-80.00)

 Colombia
71.70
(70.20-73.00)
78.30
(77.30-79.40)

 Comoros
61.60
(56.50-65.80)
63.90
(59.10-68.20)

 Congo
56.30
(52.30-60.30)
61.60
(57.90-65.10)

 Costa Rica
77.10
(76.90-77.30)
81.90
(81.60-82.10)

 Côte d'Ivoire
52.80
(48.20-57.10)
60.20
(56.20-63.90)

 Croatia
73.40
(73.20-73.60)
79.90
(79.70-80.10)

 Cuba
76.10
(75.90-76.20)
79.80
(79.60-79.90)

 Cyprus
77.60
(77.10-78.10)
82.90
(82.40-83.40)

 Czech Republic
74.30
(74.20-74.50)
80.70
(80.50-80.80)

 Denmark
76.80
(76.60-77.00)
81.00
(80.80-81.30)

 Djibouti
62.20
(54.60-69.60)
64.40
(55.10-73.70)

 Dominica
70.10
(68.60-71.50)
77.90
(76.40-79.30)

 Dominican Republic
71.30
(70.00-72.80)
76.30
(75.10-77.60)

 DR Congo
52.80
(49.60-55.90)
57.70
(54.70-60.50)

 Ecuador
74.40
(73.30-75.40)
79.80
(78.90-80.60)

 Egypt
68.00
(67.00-69.00)
73.40
(72.50-74.20)

 El Salvador
69.90
(69.30-70.50)
78.20
(77.70-78.60)

 Equatorial Guinea
54.70
(43.50-66.20)
61.80
(52.90-73.80)

 Eritrea
59.00
(54.70-62.90)
62.00
(58.20-65.50)

 Estonia
70.60
(70.30-71.00)
80.60
(80.20-81.00)

 Ethiopia
59.50
(57.50-61.30)
62.30
(60.50-64.10)

 Federated States of Micronesia
63.40
(54.60-71.70)
68.30
(60.80-74.70)

 Fiji
65.60
(63.90-67.30)
68.80
(67.10-70.40)

 Finland
76.80
(76.60-77.00)
83.30
(83.10-83.60)

 France
77.50
(77.20-77.80)
84.30
(84.00-84.50)

 Gabon
55.00
(50.00-60.00)
63.30
(59.50-67.40)

 Georgia
67.40
(66.00-68.70)
77.90
(76.90-78.90)

 Germany
77.50
(77.30-77.70)
82.80
(82.60-83.10)

 Ghana
63.20
(60.70-65.70)
66.70
(64.50-68.90)

 Greece
77.10
(76.80-77.40)
82.10
(81.90-82.40)

 Grenada
68.60
(67.40-69.80)
73.50
(72.20-74.70)

 Guatemala
66.90
(66.30-67.50)
74.00
(73.50-74.50)

 Guinea-Bissau
54.80
(46.10-63.40)
58.60
(50.80-66.60)

 Guinea
58.40
(53.70-62.30)
60.50
(56.30-64.00)

 Guyana
63.10
(60.50-65.90)
69.10
(66.90-71.20)

 Haiti
32.50
(19.80-43.10)
43.60
(31.10-51.70)

 Honduras
70.50
(66.30-74.60)
73.20
(69.80-76.50)

 Hungary
70.40
(70.30-70.60)
78.40
(78.20-78.50)

 Iceland
80.00
(79.40-80.60)
84.40
(83.70-85.00)

 India
63.20
(60.60-65.70)
67.50
(65.50-69.90)

 Indonesia
67.70
(66.00-69.20)
71.80
(70.30-73.30)

 Iran
71.60
(68.50-74.60)
77.80
(75.30-80.20)

 Iraq
70.60
(67.20-73.70)
71.40
(68.30-74.40)

 Ireland
77.60
(77.40-77.90)
82.20
(81.90-82.40)

 Israel
79.20
(79.00-79.40)
82.90
(82.70-83.10)

 Italy
78.90
(78.70-79.10)
83.90
(83.70-84.10)

 Jamaica
73.30
(69.90-77.30)
77.30
(74.30-80.30)

 Japan
79.30
(79.30-79.40)
85.90
(85.80-85.90)

 Jordan
75.70
(73.90-77.50)
75.10
(73.20-77.00)

 Kazakhstan
61.30
(59.10-63.30)
72.20
(70.60-73.70)

 Kenya
62.70
(59.90-65.70)
66.90
(64.60-69.00)

 Kiribati
57.80
(51.30-64.00)
65.00
(59.80-69.70)

 Kuwait
76.10
(75.80-76.40)
79.60
(79.20-79.90)

 Kyrgyzstan
62.20
(60.60-63.90)
71.90
(70.40-73.20)

 Laos
62.40
(54.40-69.70)
67.10
(60.20-73.50)

 Latvia
68.90
(68.60-69.20)
78.50
(78.20-78.70)

 Lebanon
76.20
(74.10-77.90)
78.90
(77.50-80.40)

 Lesotho
44.10
(40.90-48.10)
50.70
(47.20-54.80)

 Liberia
56.50
(54.10-58.90)
57.90
(55.20-60.50)

 Libya
72.90
(70.70-75.00)
76.50
(74.60-78.50)

 Lithuania
68.70
(68.50-68.90)
79.30
(79.10-79.60)

 Luxembourg
78.00
(77.50-78.60)
82.20
(81.70-82.80)

 Republic of Macedonia
72.80
(72.50-73.00)
77.20
(77.00-77.50)

 Madagascar
62.20
(58.90-65.60)
65.10
(61.80-68.10)

 Malawi
50.90
(48.50-53.60)
54.90
(52.70-57.50)

 Malaysia
71.30
(71.00-71.60)
76.50
(76.20-76.80)

 Maldives
77.50
(76.70-78.30)
80.40
(79.70-81.20)

 Mali
56.90
(52.90-60.70)
57.70
(53.80-61.20)

 Malta
77.10
(76.60-77.60)
83.00
(82.40-83.60)

 Marshall Islands
61.90
(57.50-66.00)
66.00
(61.90-70.00)

 Mauritania
63.30
(59.10-67.20)
65.70
(61.80-68.80)

 Mauritius
69.70
(69.30-70.00)
76.90
(76.50-77.30)

 Mexico
72.50
(72.30-72.80)
78.40
(78.20-78.60)

 Moldova
65.50
(65.00-65.80)
74.60
(74.20-74.90)

 Mongolia
60.30
(58.60-62.20)
69.30
(67.80-70.80)

 Montenegro
73.00
(72.20-73.60)
78.20
(77.50-78.90)

 Morocco
70.90
(68.30-73.30)
74.40
(72.20-76.10)

 Mozambique
50.00
(46.90-53.40)
54.90
(51.80-58.30)

 Namibia
58.40
(55.20-61.60)
64.90
(61.90-67.60)

   Nepal
67.70
(65.50-70.10)
70.60
(68.60-72.80)

 Netherlands
78.50
(78.40-78.60)
82.60
(82.40-82.70)

 New Zealand
78.60
(78.40-78.80)
82.70
(82.50-83.00)

 Nicaragua
71.50
(70.60-72.20)
77.50
(76.70-78.20)

 Niger
56.90
(51.70-61.50)
58.70
(54.10-62.60)

 Nigeria
58.80
(56.50-61.40)
60.40
(58.20-62.90)

 North Korea
68.00
(64.90-70.70)
73.30
(70.60-75.50)

 Norway
78.50
(78.30-78.70)
83.10
(82.90-83.40)

 Oman
73.80
(72.20-75.40)
78.90
(77.50-80.10)

 Pakistan
63.90
(60.70-67.10)
67.80
(64.80-70.90)

 Palestine
70.30
(67.90-72.70)
76.40
(74.30-78.30)

 Panama
73.60
(72.30-74.90)
80.20
(78.90-81.50)

 Papua New Guinea
57.50
(48.10-66.50)
60.30
(51.90-69.00)

 Paraguay
71.00
(69.70-72.40)
75.60
(74.70-76.40)

 Peru
75.20
(73.80-76.70)
77.60
(76.10-79.00)

 Philippines
66.60
(65.50-67.80)
73.80
(72.80-74.80)

 Poland
72.10
(72.00-72.20)
80.50
(80.40-80.60)

 Portugal
76.30
(76.20-76.50)
82.30
(82.20-82.50)

 Qatar
78.90
(77.70-80.00)
82.10
(81.10-83.20)

 Romania
70.10
(70.00-70.20)
77.60
(77.40-77.70)

 Russia
63.10
(62.80-63.30)
74.70
(74.40-74.90)

 Rwanda
62.00
(60.10-63.90)
67.10
(65.50-69.00)

 Saint Lucia
70.90
(68.60-73.40)
76.50
(74.50-78.80)

 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
69.70
(68.50-71.00)
74.50
(73.10-75.80)

 Samoa
68.40
(65.40-70.90)
73.40
(70.90-75.80)

 São Tomé and Príncipe
68.20
(64.40-71.80)
72.10
(69.00-75.20)

 Saudi Arabia
75.00
(73.60-76.40)
79.90
(78.80-81.00)

 Senegal
63.50
(61.10-66.10)
67.10
(65.20-69.30)

 Serbia
74.00
(73.70-74.20)
79.50
(79.20-79.80)

 Seychelles
61.30
(60.20-62.40)
71.80
(70.70-72.90)

 Sierra Leone
56.50
(53.60-59.30)
60.90
(58.30-63.10)

 Singapore
78.80
(78.60-79.00)
83.30
(83.00-83.50)

 Slovakia
71.60
(71.40-71.70)
79.10
(78.90-79.30)

 Slovenia
75.90
(75.60-76.20)
82.50
(82.20-82.90)

 Solomon Islands
60.50
(52.20-68.10)
64.00
(55.40-71.40)

 Somalia
54.60
(45.40-62.60)
57.20
(47.70-65.60)

 South Africa
57.40
(54.80-59.60)
62.30
(59.90-64.70)

 South Korea
76.50
(76.30-76.70)
82.70
(82.60-82.90)

 Spain
78.40
(78.20-78.70)
84.20
(84.00-84.40)

 Sri Lanka
71.60
(70.30-72.80)
79.80
(78.70-80.70)

 Sudan
66.90
(64.20-69.00)
70.70
(68.80-72.90)

 Suriname
70.10
(68.20-72.20)
75.20
(73.70-76.80)

 Swaziland
47.40
(43.50-51.30)
51.40
(48.00-55.10)

 Sweden
79.20
(79.00-79.40)
83.50
(83.40-83.70)

  Switzerland
79.70
(79.50-79.80)
84.50
(84.30-84.70)

 Syria
75.10
(73.50-76.60)
80.20
(78.90-81.40)

 Taiwan
75.90
(75.80-76.00)
81.90
(81.80-82.00)

 Tajikistan
65.20
(62.70-67.50)
71.50
(69.40-73.60)

 Tanzania
60.90
(58.10-63.70)
62.60
(60.20-65.20)

 Thailand
70.90
(69.10-72.50)
77.50
(76.30-78.80)

 The Bahamas
71.40
(68.50-74.50)
80.40
(76.90-85.50)

 The Gambia
60.80
(53.40-69.00)
64.00
(55.90-72.40)

 Timor-Leste
67.80
(66.30-69.20)
69.70
(68.10-71.20)

 Togo
58.30
(54.70-61.80)
62.10
(58.40-65.60)

 Tonga
67.30
(64.70-69.90)
73.80
(71.40-76.10)

 Trinidad and Tobago
66.20
(65.00-67.40)
75.30
(74.10-76.40)

 Tunisia
74.10
(70.70-77.60)
78.90
(75.70-81.90)

 Turkey
71.20
(69.50-73.00)
77.70
(75.90-79.30)

 Turkmenistan
65.40
(60.70-69.50)
73.40
(69.50-77.20)

 Uganda
58.30
(55.30-61.40)
62.50
(59.80-65.10)

 UK
77.80
(77.80-77.90)
81.90
(81.80-82.00)

 Ukraine
64.50
(63.50-65.30)
74.90
(74.20-75.40)

 United Arab Emirates
75.30
(73.00-77.60)
78.60
(76.50-80.70)

 Uruguay
72.60
(72.10-73.10)
80.40
(79.90-80.90)

 USA
75.90
(75.80-75.90)
80.50
(80.50-80.60)

 Uzbekistan
65.60
(61.90-68.80)
72.30
(69.50-75.30)

 Vanuatu
62.20
(54.10-69.50)
66.90
(59.80-72.50)

 Venezuela
70.30
(68.90-71.50)
79.20
(78.40-80.00)

 Vietnam
71.60
(69.30-74.00)
79.60
(78.00-81.10)

 Yemen
65.50
(59.20-71.40)
66.30
(59.30-72.40)

 Zambia
54.30
(51.10-57.70)
57.30
(54.20-60.30)

 Zimbabwe
51.10
(46.60-55.60)
55.10
(51.30-59.30)

text: List by the CIA (2016)[edit]

text: The US CIA published the following life expectancy data in its World Factbook.[1]

text:
Rank
Entity
Overall life expectancy at birth
Male life expectancy at birth
Female life expectancy at birth

1
 Monaco
89.5
85.6
93.5

2
 Japan
85
81.7
88.5

3
 Singapore
85
82.3
87.8

4
 Macau ( China)
84.5
81.6
87.6

5
 San Marino
83.3
80.7
86.1

6
 Iceland
83
80.9
85.3

7
 Hong Kong ( China)
82.9
80.3
85.8

8
 Andorra
82.8
80.6
85.1

9
  Switzerland
82.6
80.3
85

10
 Guernsey
82.5
79.9
85.4

11
 Israel
82.4
80.6
84.4

12
 South Korea
82.4
79.3
85.8

13
 Luxembourg
82.3
79.8
84.9

14
 Australia
82.2
79.8
84.8

15
 Italy
82.2
79.6
85

16
 Sweden
82.1
80.2
84.1

17
 Canada
81.9
79.2
84.6

18
 Jersey
81.9
79.4
84.5

19
 Liechtenstein
81.9
79.7
84.6

20
 France (metropolitan)
81.8
78.7
85.1

21
 Norway
81.8
79.8
83.9

22
 Spain
81.7
78.7
84.9

23
 Austria
81.5
78.9
84.3

24
 Anguilla
81.4
78.8
84.1

25
 Bermuda
81.3
78.1
84.5

26
 Netherlands
81.3
79.2
83.6

27
 Cayman Islands
81.2
78.5
84

28
 Isle of Man
81.2
79.5
83

29
 New Zealand
81.2
79.1
83.3

30
 Belgium
81
78.4
83.7

31
 Finland
80.9
77.9
84

32
 Ireland
80.8
78.5
83.2

33
 Germany
80.7
78.4
83.1

34
 United Kingdom
80.7
78.5
83

35
 Greece
80.5
77.9
83.3

36
 Saint Pierre and Miquelon
80.5
78.2
83

37
 Faroe Islands
80.4
77.8
83.1

38
 Malta
80.4
78
82.8

39
 European Union
80.2
77.4
83.2

40
 Taiwan
80.1
77
83.5

41
 U.S. Virgin Islands
80
77
83.2

42
 Turks and Caicos Islands
79.8
77.1
82.7

43
 United States
79.8
77.5
82.1

44
 Wallis and Futuna
79.7
76.7
82.8

45
 Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha
79.5
76.6
82.6

46
 Denmark
79.4
77
82

47
 Gibraltar
79.4
76.6
82.5

48
 Puerto Rico
79.4
75.8
83.1

49
 Portugal
79.3
76.1
82.8

50
 Bahrain
78.9
76.7
81.1

51
 Chile
78.8
75.7
81.9

52
 Cuba
78.7
76.4
81.1

53
 Cyprus
78.7
75.8
81.6

54
 Qatar
78.7
76.7
80.8

55
 British Virgin Islands
78.6
77.2
80.1

56
 Costa Rica
78.6
75.9
81.4

57
 Czech Republic
78.6
75.7
81.8

58
 Panama
78.6
75.8
81.6

59
 Albania
78.3
75.7
81.2

60
 Slovenia
78.2
74.6
82

61
 Dominican Republic
78.1
75.9
80.5

62
 Sint Maarten ( Netherlands)
78.1
75.8
80.6

63
 Kuwait
78
76.6
79.4

64
 Northern Mariana Islands ( US)
78
75.3
80.8

65
 Falkland Islands
77.9
75.6
79.6

66
 Saint Lucia
77.8
75
80.7

67
 New Caledonia ( France)
77.7
73.7
81.9

68
 Lebanon
77.6
76.3
78.9

69
 Poland
77.6
73.7
81.7

70
 United Arab Emirates
77.5
74.8
80.2

71
 Brunei
77.2
74.8
79.6

72
 French Polynesia ( France)
77.2
74.9
79.6

73
 Paraguay
77.2
74.5
80

74
 Uruguay
77.2
74.1
80.5

75
 Argentina
77.1
74
80.4

76
 Slovakia
77.1
73.5
80.9

77
 Dominica
77
74
80.1

78
 Morocco
76.9
73.8
80.1

79
 Algeria
76.8
75.5
78.2

80
 Aruba ( Netherlands)
76.8
73.7
79.9

81
 Ecuador
76.8
73.8
79.9

82
 Sri Lanka
76.8
73.3
80.4

83
 Bosnia and Herzegovina
76.7
73.7
80

84
 Estonia
76.7
71.9
81.7

85
 Antigua and Barbuda
76.5
74.4
78.8

86
 Libya
76.5
74.7
78.3

87
 Georgia
76.2
72.1
80.6

88
 Republic of Macedonia
76.2
73.6
79

89
 Tonga
76.2
74.7
77.8

90
 Tunisia
76.1
74
78.4

91
 Croatia
75.9
72.7
79.2

92
 Hungary
75.9
72.2
79.8

93
 Mexico
75.9
73.1
78.8

94
 Cook Islands
75.8
73
78.8

95
 Venezuela
75.8
72.7
78.9

96
 Colombia
75.7
72.6
79

97
 Saint Kitts and Nevis
75.7
73.3
78.2

98
 Maldives
75.6
73.3
78

99
 Mauritius
75.6
72.2
79.2

100
 Oman
75.5
73.5
77.5

101
 People's Republic of China
75.5
73.5
77.9

102
 Serbia
75.5
72.6
78.5

103
 American Samoa ( US)
75.4
72.4
78.5

104
 Barbados
75.3
73
77.7

105
 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
75.3
73.3
77.4

106
 Saudi Arabia
75.3
73.2
77.4

107
 Solomon Islands
75.3
72.7
78.1

108
 Romania
75.1
71.7
78.8

109
 Malaysia
75
72.2
78

110
 West Bank
75
73
77.1

111
 Iraq
74.9
72.6
77.2

112
 Lithuania
74.9
69.5
80.6

113
 Syria
74.9
72.5
77.4

114
 Turkey
74.8
72.5
77.3

115
 El Salvador
74.7
71.4
78.1

116
 Seychelles
74.7
70.2
79.4

117
 Thailand
74.7
71.5
78

118
 Armenia
74.6
71.4
78.3

119
 Jordan
74.6
73.2
76.1

120
 Bulgaria
74.5
71.2
78

121
 Latvia
74.5
69.9
79.3

122
 Montserrat
74.4
75.8
72.9

123
 Grenada
74.3
71.7
77.1

124
 Gaza Strip
73.9
72.3
75.7

125
 Brazil
73.8
70.2
77.5

126
 Uzbekistan
73.8
70.7
77

127
 Peru
73.7
71.7
75.9

128
 Samoa
73.7
70.8
76.8

129
 Jamaica
73.6
72
75.3

130
 Vanuatu
73.4
71.8
75.1

131
 Vietnam
73.4
70.9
76.2

132
 Bangladesh
73.2
71
75.4

133
 Nicaragua
73.2
71.1
75.5

134
 Marshall Islands
73.1
70.9
75.4

135
 Palau
73.1
69.9
76.5

136
 Federated States of Micronesia
72.9
70.8
75

137
 Trinidad and Tobago
72.9
69.9
75.9

138
 Belarus
72.7
67.2
78.6

139
 Egypt
72.7
71.4
74.2

140
 Fiji
72.7
70
75.5

141
 Indonesia
72.7
67.3
69.8

142
 Azerbaijan
72.5
69.5
75.8

143
 Greenland ( Denmark)
72.4
69.7
75.2

144
 The Bahamas
72.4
70
74.8

145
 Guatemala
72.3
70.3
74.4

146
 Suriname
72.2
69.8
74.8

147
 Cabo Verde
72.1
69.8
74.5

148
 Ukraine
71.8
67.1
76.9

149
 Iran
71.4
69.8
73.1

150
 Honduras
71.1
69.5
72.8

151
 Kazakhstan
70.8
65.6
75.7

152
 Kyrgyzstan
70.7
66.5
75.1

153
 Moldova
70.7
66.9
74.8

154
   Nepal
70.7
70.1
71.3

155
 North Korea
70.4
66.6
74.5

156
 Russia
70.3
64.3
76.4

157
 Bhutan
70.1
69.1
71.1

158
 Turkmenistan
70.1
67.1
73.3

159
 Mongolia
69.6
65.4
74.1

160
 Bolivia
69.2
66.4
72.1

161
 Philippines
69.2
65.7
72.9

162
 Belize
68.7
67.2
70.4

163
 India
68.5
67.3
69.8

164
 Guyana
68.4
65.4
71.5

165
 Timor-Leste
68.1
66.5
69.7

166
 Pakistan
67.7
65.8
69.8

167
 Tajikistan
67.7
64.6
71

168
 Papua New Guinea
67.2
65
69.5

169
 Nauru
67.1
63
70.5

170
 Burma
66.6
64.2
69.2

171
 Ghana
66.6
64.1
69.1

172
 Tuvalu
66.5
64.3
68.8

173
 Kiribati
66.2
63.7
68.8

174
 Madagascar
65.9
64.4
67.4

175
 Yemen
65.5
63.4
67.8

176
 Togo
65
62.3
69.7

177
 Eritrea
64.9
62.4
67.5

178
 São Tomé and Príncipe
64.9
63.6
66.3

179
 The Gambia
64.9
62.5
67.3

180
 Cambodia
64.5
62
67.1

181
 Laos
64.3
62.2
66.4

182
 Comoros
64.2
61.9
66.6

183
 Equatorial Guinea
64.2
63.1
65.4

184
 Sudan
64.1
62
66.3

185
 Kenya
64
62.6
65.5

186
 Haiti
63.8
61.2
66.4

187
 Namibia
63.6
62.1
65.1

188
 Djibouti
63.2
60.7
65.8

189
 South Africa
63.1
61.6
64.6

190
Western Sahara
63
60.7
65.4

191
 Mauritania
63
60.7
65.4

192
 Ethiopia
62.2
59.8
64.7

193
 Tanzania
62.2
60.8
63.6

194
 Benin
61.9
60.5
63.3

195
 Senegal
61.7
59.7
63.8

196
 Malawi
61.2
59.2
63.2

197
 Guinea
60.6
59
62.2

198
 Burundi
60.5
58.8
62.3

199
 Rwanda
60.1
58.5
61.7

200
 Republic of the Congo
59.3
58.1
60.6

201
 Liberia
59
57.3
60.8

202
 Côte d'Ivoire
58.7
57.5
59.9

203
 Cameroon
58.5
57.1
59.9

204
 Sierra Leone
58.2
55.6
60.9

205
 Zimbabwe
58
57.3
58.7

206
 Democratic Republic of the Congo
57.3
55.8
58.9

207
 Angola
56
54.8
57.2

208
 Mali
55.8
53.9
57.7

209
 Burkina Faso
55.5
53.4
57.6

210
 Niger
55.5
54.3
56.8

211
 Uganda
55.4
54
56.9

212
 Botswana
54.5
56.3
52.6

213
 Nigeria
53.4
52.4
54.5

214
 Mozambique
53.3
52.6
54.1

215
 Lesotho
53
52.9
53.1

216
 Zambia
52.5
50.8
54.1

217
 Somalia
52.4
50.3
54.5

218
 Central African Republic
52.3
51
53.7

219
 Gabon
52.1
51.6
52.5

220
 Swaziland
51.6
52.2
51

221
 Afghanistan
51.3
49.9
52.7

222
 Guinea-Bissau
50.6
48.6
52.7

223
 Chad
50.2
49
51.3

text: List by the OECD (2013)[edit]

text:
Life expectancy at birth (years), OECD (2013)[14]

Rank
state/territory
Overall
Male
Female

1
 Japan
83.4
80.2
86.6

2
 Spain
83.2
80.2
86.1

3
  Switzerland
82.9
80.7
85.0

4
 Italy
82.8
80.3
85.2

5
 France
82.3
79.0
85.6

6
 Australia
82.2
80.1
84.3

7=
 Israel
82.1
80.3
83.9

7=
 Iceland
82.1
80.5
83.7

9
 Sweden
82.0
80.2
83.8

10
 Luxembourg
81.9
79.8
83.9

11=
 Norway
81.8
79.8
83.8

11=
 South Korea
81.8
78.5
85.1

13
 Canada[15]
81.5
79.3
83.6

14=
 New Zealand
81.4
79.5
83.2

14=
 Netherlands
81.4
79.5
83.2

14=
 Greece
81.4
78.7
84.0

17
 Austria
81.2
78.6
83.8

18=
 United Kingdom
81.1
79.2
82.9

18=
 Ireland
81.1
79.0
83.1

18=
 Finland
81.1
78.0
84.1

21
 Germany
80.9
78.6
83.2

22
 Portugal
80.8
77.6
84.0

23
 Belgium
80.7
78.1
83.2

24
 Slovenia
80.4
77.2
83.6

25
 Denmark
80.4
78.3
82.4

26=
 Chile
78.8
76.3
81.4

26=
 United States
78.8
76.4
81.2

28
 Czech Republic
78.3
75.2
81.3

29
 Estonia
77.3
72.8
81.7

30
 Poland
77.1
73.0
81.2

31
 Turkey
76.6
73.7
79.4

32
 Slovakia
76.5
72.9
80.1

33
 Hungary
75.7
72.2
79.1

34
 Mexico
74.6
71.7
77.4


document_title: Green River (Kentucky)

question_text: where does the green river start in kentucky

root

text: Green River (Kentucky)

text: History[edit]

text: Following the Revolutionary War, many veterans staked claims along the Green River as payment for their military service. The river valley also attracted a number of vagrants, earning it the dubious nickname Rogue's Harbor.[1]

tag: p

text: In 1842, the Green River was canalized, with a series of locks and dams being built to create a navigable channel as far inland as Bowling Green, Kentucky.  Four locks and dams were constructed on the Green River, and one lock and dam was built on the Barren River, a tributary that passed through Bowling Green.

text: During the American Civil War, Confederate General John Hunt Morgan conducted daring raids through the Green River country, from which he reached into southern Indiana and Ohio.[4]

text: In 1901, two additional locks and dams were opened on the Green River, which allowed river traffic to Mammoth Cave. In 1941, Mammoth Cave National Park was established, and the two upper locks and dams closed in 1950.  In 1965, Lock and Dam #4 at Woodbury failed;[5] this was the dam that locked both the Green and Barren rivers.

text: In 1969, the United States Army Corps of Engineers impounded a section of the river, forming 8,200-acre (33 km2) Green River Lake. The lake is now the primary feature of Green River Lake State Park.[6]

text: There is still one Native American tribe living on the Green River: the Southern Cherokee Nation of Kentucky. In 1893 Governor John Y. Brown (1835–1904) recognized the Southern Cherokee Nation as an Indian tribe.

text: Route[edit]

text: This section does not cite any sources. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (December 2017) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

tag: table

text: The Green River flows through Mammoth Cave National Park, located along river miles 190 to 205. The river drains the cave and controls the master base level of the Mammoth Cave system: the construction of a 9-foot (2.7 m) dam at Brownsville in 1906 has raised the water level in some parts of the cave system by as much as 6 feet (1.8 m) above its natural value.

text: The 384-mile-long (618 km) Green River, an important transportation artery for the coal industry, is open to traffic up to the closed Lock and Dam #3 (known as the Rochester Dam) at mile 108.5.  Muhlenberg County, once the largest coal-producing county in the nation, benefits greatly from access to the river, as does the aluminium industry in Henderson County. In 2002, more than 10 million short tons were shipped on the river, primarily sub-bituminous coal, petroleum coke, and aluminium ore.

text: The river rises from Kings Mountain, Kentucky and follows a meandering path, collecting several smaller streams along its way to its impoundment by a dam at Green River Lake near Campbellsville.  It then continues in a westerly direction and is joined by the Little Barren River before entering the Mammoth Cave National Park.  After it exits the park, it receives the tributary of the Nolin River which exits Nolin Lake. Then continuing westward it is joined by the Barren River.  It then takes a more northwesterly turn as it proceeds through western Kentucky. Near Sebree it provides coolant water for Robert Reed Power Station, a coal fired power plant, before it finally empties into the Ohio River at Evansville, Indiana.

text: Biology[edit]

text: The Green River is home to more than 150 fish species and more than 70 mussel species.[7]  This includes some of Kentucky's largest fish[8] and some of the world's rarest species of mussels.[9]

text: Mussels[edit]

text: Endangered species:

text:
Ring Pink Obovaria retusa
Rough Pigtoe Pleurobema plenum
Northern riffleshell Epioblasma torulosa rangiana

tag: ul

text: Threatened species:

text:
Long solid Mussel Fusconaia subrotunda
Pink Mucket Lampsilis abrupta
Pyramid Pigtoe Pleurobema rubrum


document_title: Feud (TV series)

question_text: who plays bd in feud bette and joan

question_tokens: who plays bd in feud bette and joan

text: Feud (TV series)

text: Summary[edit]

text: The first season, titled Bette and Joan, centers on the backstage battle between Bette Davis (Susan Sarandon) and Joan Crawford (Jessica Lange) during and after the production of their 1962 film What Ever Happened to Baby Jane?[2]

text: On February 28, 2017, FX renewed the series for a 10-episode second season, to be called Buckingham Palace (originally titled Charles and Diana), which will focus on the relationship between Charles, Prince of Wales and Diana, Princess of Wales.[3] It will be written and executive produced by Murphy and Jon Robin Baitz.[3]

text: Cast and characters[edit]

text: Bette and Joan[edit]

text: Main[edit]

text:
Jessica Lange as Joan Crawford
Susan Sarandon as Bette Davis
Judy Davis as gossip columnist Hedda Hopper
Jackie Hoffman as Mamacita, Crawford's housekeeper
Alfred Molina as director/producer Robert Aldrich
Stanley Tucci as Warner Bros. studio head Jack L. Warner
Alison Wright as Pauline Jameson, Aldrich's assistant

text: Recurring[edit]

text:
Catherine Zeta-Jones as Olivia de Havilland, Davis's friend and fellow actress who costars with her in Hush… Hush, Sweet Charlotte and participates in a 1970s documentary on Crawford
Kathy Bates as Joan Blondell, Davis's friend and fellow actress who participates in a 1970s documentary on Crawford
Kiernan Shipka as B. D. Merrill, Davis's daughter
Dominic Burgess as Victor Buono, an actor who costars in What Ever Happened to Baby Jane? and Hush… Hush, Sweet Charlotte
Reed Diamond as Peter, Joan's latest paramour
Joel Kelley Dauten as Adam Freedman, a documentary filmmaker
Molly Price as Harriet Foster Aldrich, Robert Aldrich's wife
Ken Lerner as Marty, Crawford's agent

text: Historical figures[edit]

text: Feud features appearances by a number of actors, directors and other historical figures of the period, including:

text:
Mark Valley as Gary Merrill, a fading actor and Bette Davis's estranged fourth husband
Jake Robards as Patrick O'Neal, Bette's costar in the Broadway production of The Night of the Iguana
Toby Huss as Frank Sinatra, singer and actor who stars in Aldrich's film 4 for Texas
Taylor Coffman as Lee Remick, Davis's co-nominee for Best Actress in 1963
Sarah Paulson as Geraldine Page, Davis's co-nominee for Best Actress in 1963
Cash Black as Rip Torn, Page's husband
Serinda Swan as Anne Bancroft, winner of the Best Actress Oscar in 1963 for The Miracle Worker
Paris Verra as Patty Duke, the 1963 Best Supporting Actress winner who appeared with Bancroft in The Miracle Worker
Phillip Boyd as Maximilian Schell, winner of the Best Actor Oscar in 1962 for Judgment at Nuremberg
Anthony Crivello as David Lean, winner of the Best Director Oscar in 1963 for Lawrence of Arabia
Bryant Boon as Gregory Peck, winner of the Best Actor Oscar in 1963 for To Kill a Mockingbird
John Waters as William Castle, the director and producer of Crawford's 1964 horror B movie Strait-Jacket
John Rubinstein as George Cukor, a film director and longtime friend of Crawford
Earlene Davis as Agnes Moorehead, an actress who costars in Hush… Hush, Sweet Charlotte
Matthew Glave as Joseph Cotten, an actor who costars in Hush… Hush, Sweet Charlotte

text: Episodes[edit]

text: Season 1: Bette and Joan (2017)[edit]

text:
No.
Title
Directed by
Written by
Original air date
Prod.
code
U.S. viewers
(millions)

1
"Pilot"
Ryan Murphy
Jaffe Cohen & Michael Zam and Ryan Murphy
March 5, 2017 (2017-03-05)
1WBB01
2.26[4]

With her film career waning, Joan Crawford pitches an adaptation of the horror novel What Ever Happened to Baby Jane? to director Robert Aldrich and rival actress Bette Davis. Aldrich, in turn, brings Baby Jane to Jack L. Warner, who comes on board despite his hatred for both actresses. But as filming begins, Crawford's acute narcissism and Davis' strong opinions quickly put them at odds.

2
"The Other Woman"
Ryan Murphy
Jaffe Cohen & Michael Zam and Tim Minear
March 12, 2017 (2017-03-12)
1WBB02
1.32[5]

Bette and Joan act on their shared interest to eliminate a showy supporting actress, but their problems at home spill over at work and force Aldrich into the middle of the power play between them.

3
"Mommie Dearest"
Gwyneth Horder-Payton
Tim Minear
March 19, 2017 (2017-03-19)
1WBB03
1.08[6]

Bette and Joan learn some intimate details about each other, but their animosity climaxes on set as filming winds down.

4
"More, or Less"
Liza Johnson
Gina Welch & Tim Minear
March 26, 2017 (2017-03-26)
1WBB04
1.21[7]

Contrary to all expectations, Baby Jane is a huge hit. With no other film offers coming in, Joan's jealousy grows as Bette's performance is critically acclaimed. She fears that she will not get an Oscar nomination, but that Bette will. Meanwhile, Pauline hopes to direct her own film, but is discouraged by the lack of support from both Aldrich and Joan.

5
"And the Winner Is... (The Oscars of 1963)"
Ryan Murphy
Ryan Murphy
April 2, 2017 (2017-04-02)
1WBB05
1.36[8]

Bette is on track to win a record-breaking third Best Actress Oscar. Joan and Hedda launch a clandestine campaign against her. Joan persuades nominee Geraldine Page to skip the ceremony and allow Joan to accept the award on her behalf if she wins; Anne Bancroft, unable to attend, also allows Joan to accept her award. Offering herself as a presenter, Joan arrives dressed like a "silver Oscar". With a crushed Bette watching, Joan accepts the Oscar for Bancroft.

6
"Hagsploitation"
Tim Minear
Tim Minear & Gina Welch
April 9, 2017 (2017-04-09)
1WBB06
1.06[9]

As Joan promotes her new film, Strait-Jacket, Jack enlists Aldrich to write and direct a new film in the successful "Hagsploitation" genre. Aldrich ultimately takes his script, called What Ever Happened to Cousin Charlotte?, to Darryl F. Zanuck to produce. Aldrich is able to lure Joan in return for top billing, and Bette in return for creative control. Bette becomes increasingly unreasonable, and Joan's suspicions about Bette's influence over Aldrich are confirmed when Joan hears Bette having a bottle of champagne with him.

7
"Abandoned!"
Helen Hunt
Jaffe Cohen & Michael Zam
April 16, 2017 (2017-04-16)
1WBB07
1.31[10]

On location filming Hush... Hush, Sweet Charlotte, Joan feels disrespected by the production, and comes to resent Bette's creative input as a producer. When filming returns to Los Angeles, Joan fakes an illness to stall filming in hopes that 20th Century Fox will cancel the film. She eventually learns that the studio is suing her for breach of contract, and while in the hospital learns via radio announcement that she has been replaced by Olivia de Havilland.

8
"You Mean All This Time We Could Have Been Friends?"
Gwyneth Horder-Payton
Gina Welch
April 23, 2017 (2017-04-23)
1WBB08
1.30[11]

Following the critical failure of her latest film, Trog, Joan officially retires from acting. In the years following, her health deteriorates rapidly. One night, Joan hallucinates seeing Jack and Hedda in her apartment having a party, where she joins them and is later joined by Bette. In the fantasy, Joan and Bette end their feud and speak civilly toward each other about one another. Joan dies a week later. Meanwhile Bette, who has worked consistently since Sweet Charlotte, learns of Joan's death via a journalist who asks for comment. Bette responds with one final negative comment towards Joan. At that year's Academy Awards, Bette expresses sadness at Joan's brief appearance in the 'In Memoriam' segment. A flashback to the very first day of filming Baby Jane shows Bette and Joan chatting happily before going into their separate trailers.

text: Production[edit]

text: Development[edit]

text: Ryan Murphy, a fan of Davis since his childhood, interviewed the actress just months before her death in 1989. The agreed-upon 20-minute interview lasted four hours, and inspired his characterization of Davis in Feud. He said, "When I would ask her about Joan Crawford ... She would just go on about how much she hated her. But then she would sort of say ... 'She was a professional. And I admired that'."[12] Murphy first conceived Bette and Joan as a film years before the FX series, and approached both Sarandon and Lange about the lead roles.[13] Sarandon said, "It just felt like it didn't have a context, just being bitchy and kind of funny, but what else? In expanding it to eight hours, you could get more complexity and so many other characters."[14] Season 1 of Feud was being written at the same time that Murphy was forming his Half Foundation, which promotes an increased presence of women in film and television production positions.[14] The season features 15 acting roles for women over 40,[14] and half the episodes were directed by women, including Helen Hunt.[13]

text: Feud, developed by Murphy, was picked up to series by FX on May 5, 2016.[15] Season 1's Bette and Joan is inspired by the real-life feud between Crawford and Davis,[15] and explores issues of sexism, ageism, and misogyny in Hollywood.[14] Its eight episodes were expanded from a feature-length screenplay Murphy had optioned called Best Actress by Jaffe Cohen and Michael Zam.[16]

text: Sarandon said, "In our story, it was a fact that [the people behind Baby Jane] encouraged the animosity [between Crawford and Davis], first of all to control them, second of all to make what they thought was more onscreen tension, and that really hasn't changed a lot."[14] Melanie McFarland of Salon wrote that the series shows "just how brutal the Hollywood system was on some of the greatest talents in its firmament" and that it "cuts to the root of why collaborating and delighting in the fall of the mighty is eternally marketable."[17] The Crawford-Davis feud was also documented in Shaun Considine's 1989 book Bette and Joan: The Divine Feud.[18]

text: Casting[edit]

text: Jessica Lange and Susan Sarandon were attached to star as Joan Crawford and Bette Davis. Alfred Molina, Stanley Tucci, Judy Davis, and Dominic Burgess were also a part of the cast, in the roles of Robert Aldrich, Jack L. Warner, Hedda Hopper, and Victor Buono, respectively.[15]

text: In August 2016, Catherine Zeta-Jones and Sarah Paulson joined the cast playing Olivia de Havilland and Geraldine Page, respectively.[19][20][21][22]

text: In September 2016, it was reported that American Horror Story executive producer Tim Minear would be co-showrunning the series with Murphy. Jackie Hoffman joined the cast as Mamacita, Crawford's housekeeper.[23] In November 2016, Molly Price, Kathy Bates and Alison Wright joined the cast of the series, in the roles of Harriet Foster, Joan Blondell, and Pauline Jameson.[24][25][26] In January 2017, it was announced Kiernan Shipka was cast in the series as Davis's daughter, Barbara ("B.D.") Sherry.[27]

text: Sarandon admitted to initially being "overwhelmed and terrified" about the prospect of portraying Davis accurately. She said, "She's so big and she really was so big, so I tried not to make her a caricature or someone a female impersonator would do ... That was my fear, that she would just be kind of one-dimensional."[14] Lange said her performance was informed by her view that Crawford's "brutal childhood" was masked by the "beautiful, impenetrable veneer of this great, gorgeous movie star ... So she was always on, which is a tremendous burden in and of itself, but always there was this thing lurking underneath of being this poverty-stricken, abused, unloved, abandoned young child and woman."[14] Both Sarandon and Lange researched their roles by reading books by and about Davis and Crawford, and watching and listening to TV performances and recordings.[13][27]

text: Release[edit]

text: Marketing[edit]

text: Murphy gave several interviews about Bette and Joan during the 2017 Winter TCA Press Tour.[28] The show's first teaser trailer was released on January 19, 2017, and the second the following day.[29] That same week, Lange and Sarandon appeared on the cover of Entertainment Weekly as Crawford and Davis.[30] FX released another teaser on January 23, two on February 5, one on February 7, and one on February 8.[31][32][33][34][35] A short commercial for the show also aired during Super Bowl LI.[36]

text: Premiere[edit]

text: Bette and Joan had its official premiere at the Chinese Theatre in Los Angeles on March 1, 2017.[37] Before the show's premiere, FX held screenings of the pilot episode at several gay bars across the United States.[38]

text: Broadcast[edit]

text: The first season of eight episodes, Bette and Joan, premiered in the United States. on March 5, 2017,[39] and on BBC Two in the United Kingdom. on December 16, 2017.[40]

text: Controversy[edit]

text: On June 30, 2017, a day before her 101st birthday, actress Olivia de Havilland filed a lawsuit against the series for inaccurately portraying her and using her likeness without permission in Feud: Bette and Joan.[41] The lawsuit states that the pseudo-documentary-style of the series leads viewers to believe that the statements made by the actress portraying de Havilland in the show are accurate, but that in fact de Havilland had not said such things in real life.[42] The various defendants filed a motion to dismiss under California's "anti-SLAPP" law. The trial court denied the motion but, on March 26, 2018, the California Court of Appeal, Second District, reversed the decision and ordered the lawsuit dismissed. The Court of Appeal further ruled the defendants were entitled to be reimbursed their attorneys' fees.[43]

text: Reception[edit]

text: Critical response[edit]

text: The first season of Feud received highly positive reviews, with major praise for Lange and Sarandon's performances. On review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, the first season has an approval rating of 91% based on 84 reviews, with an average rating of 8.1/10. The site's critical consensus reads, "While campily and sweetly indulgent, Feud: Bette and Joan provides poignant understanding of humanity, sorrow, and pain while breezily feeding inquisitive gossip-starved minds."[44] On Metacritic, the season has a score of 81 out of 100, based on 44 critics, indicating "universal acclaim".[45]

text: Melanie McFarland of Salon called the writing "creatively wicked" and the series "outrageously fantastic", praising Lange and Sarandon for their performances and for "tempering their decadent rages and vengeful spats with a gutting sense of loneliness that tempers its lightness in solemnity."[17] Verne Gay of Newsday wrote that the series is "Full of joy, humor, brilliant writing and performances, and a deep unabiding love for what really makes Hollywood great—the women."[46] People called the series "bitter, biting and entertaining".[47] The Atlantic's Spencer Kornhaber described the first few episodes as "deft and satisfying" but suggested that "maybe six installments, rather than eight, were all this tale needed".[48] Alan Sepinwall of Uproxx wrote that the series is "big and it's catty, but it's also smart and elegant, with the old Hollywood setting toning down some of Murphy's more scattershot creative impulses."[49] Emily Nussbaum, in The New Yorker, praised Murphy's ambition and lauded both stars, saying of the series, "Beneath the zingers and the poolside muumuus, the show's stark theme is how skillfully patriarchy screws with women's heads—mostly by building a home in there."[50]

text: Not all reviews were positive. Sonia Saraiya of Variety compared Bette and Joan unfavorably to Murphy's The People v. O. J. Simpson: American Crime Story, writing that Feud is "neither as brilliantly campy and hateful as What Ever Happened to Baby Jane? nor as contextualizing and profound as People v. O. J. Simpson."[16] David Weigand of the San Francisco Chronicle gave the series a mixed review, criticizing the script and Lange's performance, but praising Sarandon's, writing: "Lange is always interesting, but she’s only occasionally convincing here as Crawford. The voice is too high, for one thing. Sarandon fares better, as much good as that does with such a lousy script."[51] The Guardian also criticized the series for being "lightweight", noting, "At just eight episodes, there’s almost too much to cover and at times, one craves a little more depth to certain moments." They singled out Lange's performance, however, writing, "Lange in particular moves past just an easy impression to something with far more weight. In a reversal of fortune that would make Crawford cackle in her grave, it’s likely that she’ll be the one up for awards at the end of the year rather than her co-star."[52]

text: Ratings[edit]

text: The first episode drew 2.26 million live-plus-same-day viewers, which Deadline.com characterized as "solid" and made it the most watched program on FX that week. In comparison, the premiere of The People v. O. J. Simpson attracted 5.1 million viewers in 2016, and the FX limited series Fargo got 2.66 million in 2014.[4][53] The premiere earned 3.8 million viewers in the Nielsen live-plus-three-days ratings, and 5.17 million viewers total when including two encore broadcasts, making it the highest rated new series debut on FX since The People v. O. J. Simpson.[54][55]

text:
No.
Title
Air date
Rating/share
(18–49)
Viewers
(millions)
DVR
(18–49)
DVR viewers
(millions)
Total
(18–49)
Total viewers
(millions)

1
"Pilot"
March 5, 2017
0.5
2.26[4]
0.4
1.54
0.9
3.79[56]

2
"The Other Woman"
March 12, 2017
0.3
1.32[5]
0.4
1.46
0.7
2.78[57]

3
"Mommie Dearest"
March 19, 2017
0.3
1.08[6]
0.4
1.46
0.7
2.54[58]

4
"More, or Less"
March 26, 2017
0.3
1.21[7]
0.3
1.33
0.6
2.54[59]

5
"And the Winner Is... (The Oscars of 1963)"
April 2, 2017
0.4
1.36[8]
0.3
1.40
0.7
2.76[60]

6
"Hagsploitation"
April 9, 2017
0.3
1.06[9]
0.3
1.28
0.6
2.34[61]

7
"Abandoned!"
April 16, 2017
0.4
1.31[10]
N/A
1.36
N/A
2.67[62]

8
"You Mean All This Time We Could Have Been Friends?"
April 23, 2017
0.3
1.30[11]
0.3
1.37
0.6
2.68[63]

text: Accolades[edit]

text:
Association
Category
Nominated artist/work
Result
Ref.

Critics' Choice Television Awards
Best Limited Series
Feud: Bette and Joan
Nominated

Best Actress in a Movie/Limited Series
Jessica Lange
Nominated

Best Supporting Actor in a Movie/Limited Series
Alfred Molina
Nominated

Stanley Tucci
Nominated

Best Supporting Actress in a Movie/Limited Series
Judy Davis
Nominated

Jackie Hoffman
Nominated

Golden Globe Awards
Best Miniseries or Television Film
Feud: Bette and Joan
Nominated
[64][65]

Best Actress – Miniseries or Television Film
Jessica Lange
Nominated
[66][67][68]

Susan Sarandon
Nominated

Best Supporting Actor – Series, Miniseries or Television Film
Alfred Molina
Nominated
[69]

Hollywood Music in Media Awards[70]
Main Title Theme – TV Show/Limited Series
Mac Quayle
Nominated

Primetime Emmy Awards[71]
Outstanding Limited Series
Feud: Bette and Joan
Nominated

Outstanding Lead Actress in a Limited Series or Movie
Jessica Lange
Nominated

Susan Sarandon
Nominated

Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Limited Series or Movie
Alfred Molina
Nominated

Stanley Tucci
Nominated

Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Limited Series or Movie
Judy Davis
Nominated

Jackie Hoffman
Nominated

Outstanding Directing for a Limited Series, Movie, or Dramatic Special
Ryan Murphy (for "And the Winner Is... (The Oscars of 1963)")
Nominated

Outstanding Writing for a Limited Series, Movie, or Dramatic Special
Jaffe Cohen, Ryan Murphy, and Michael Zam (for "Pilot")
Nominated

Ryan Murphy (for "And the Winner Is... (The Oscars of 1963)")
Nominated

Outstanding Casting for a Limited Series, Movie, or Special
Eric Dawson and Robert J. Ulrich
Nominated

Outstanding Costumes for a Period/Fantasy Series, Limited Series, or Movie
Lou Eyrich, Hannah Jacobs, and Katie Saunders (for "And the Winner Is... (The Oscars of 1963)")
Nominated

Outstanding Hairstyling for a Limited Series or Movie
Chris Clark, Ralph Michael Abalos, Wendy Southard, and Helena Cepeda
Won

Outstanding Main Title Design
Ryan Murphy, Alexis Martin Woodall, Kyle Cooper, Nadia Tzuo and Margherita Premuroso
Nominated

Outstanding Makeup for a Limited Series or Movie (Non-Prosthetic)
Eryn Krueger Mekash, Robin Beauschense, Tym Buacharern, Kim Ayers, Becky Cotton, and David Williams
Won

Outstanding Main Title Theme Music
Mac Quayle
Nominated

Outstanding Music Composition for a Limited Series, Movie, or Special
Mac Quayle (for "Pilot")
Nominated

Outstanding Production Design for a Narrative Contemporary or Fantasy Program (One Hour or More)
Judy Becker, Jamie McCall and Florencia Martin
Nominated

Outstanding Short Form Nonfiction or Reality Series
Feud: Bette and Joan: Inside Look
Nominated

Screen Actors Guild Awards
Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Miniseries or Television Movie
Jessica Lange
Nominated

Susan Sarandon
Nominated

Television Critics Association Awards[72]
Outstanding Achievement in Movies, Miniseries and Specials
Feud: Bette and Joan
Nominated

Individual Achievement in Drama
Jessica Lange
Nominated

Susan Sarandon
Nominated

Art Directors Guild Awards
Television Movie or Limited Series
Judy Becker (for "Pilot", "And the Winner Is…", "You Mean All This Time We Could Have Been Friends?")
Nominated
[73]

Writers Guild of America Awards
Long Form – Original
Jaffe Cohen, Tim Minear, Ryan Murphy, Gina Welch, Michael Zam
Nominated
[74]

Producers Guild of America Awards
David L. Wolper Award for Outstanding Producer of Long-Form Television
Feud: Bette and Joan
Nominated
[75]

ACE Eddie Awards
Best Edited Mini-Series or Motion Picture for Television
Adam Penn and Ken Ramos (for "Pilot")
Nominated
[76]

Costume Designers Guild Awards
Excellence in Period Television Series
Lou Eyrich
Nominated
[77]


document_title: Declaration of war by the United States

question_text: how many times has the us declare war

question_tokens: how many times has the us declare war

text: Declaration of war by the United States

text: History[edit]

text: The United States has formally declared war against foreign nations five separate times, each upon prior request by the President of the United States. Four of those five declarations came after hostilities had begun.[3] James Madison reported that in the Federal Convention of 1787, the phrase "make war" was changed to "declare war" in order to leave to the Executive the power to repel sudden attacks but not to commence war without the explicit approval of Congress.[4] Debate continues as to the legal extent of the President's authority in this regard. Public opposition to American involvement in foreign wars, particularly during the 1930s, was expressed as support for a Constitutional Amendment that would require a national referendum on a declaration of war.[5] Several Constitutional Amendments, such as the Ludlow Amendment, have been proposed that would require a national referendum on a declaration of war.

text: After Congress repealed the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution in January 1971 and President Richard Nixon continued to wage war in Vietnam, Congress passed the War Powers Resolution (Pub.L. 93–148) over the veto of Nixon in an attempt to rein in some of the president's claimed powers. The War Powers Resolution proscribes the only power of the president to wage war which is recognized by Congress.[6]

text: Declarations of war[edit]

text: Formal[edit]

text: The table below lists the five wars in which the United States has formally declared war against eleven foreign nations.[7] The only country against which the United States has declared war more than once is Germany, against which the United States has declared war twice (though a case could be made for Hungary as a successor state to Austria-Hungary).

text: In World War II, the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941. Germany and Italy, led respectively by Adolf Hitler and Benito Mussolini, declared war on the United States, and the U.S. Congress responded in kind.[8][9]

text:
War

Declaration

Opponent(s)

Date of declaration

Votes

President

Result

Senate

House

War of 1812

Declaration of War upon the U.K.

 United Kingdom

June 18, 1812

19–13

79–49

James Madison

Treaty of Ghent (December 24, 1814)

Mexican–American War

"An Act providing for the Prosecution of the existing War between the United States and the Republic of Mexico."[10]

 Mexico

May 13, 1846

40–2

173–14

James K. Polk

Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo (February 2, 1848)

Spanish–American War

Declaration of War upon Spain

 Spain

April 25, 1898

42–35

310–6

William McKinley

Treaty of Paris (December 10, 1898)

World War I

Declaration of War upon Germany

 Germany

April 6, 1917

82–6

373–50

Woodrow Wilson

Treaty of Berlin (August 25, 1921)

Declaration of War upon Austria-Hungary[11][12]

 Austria-Hungary

December 7, 1917

74–0

365–1

1921 U.S.–Austrian Peace Treaty (August 24, 1921), 1921 U.S.-Hungarian Peace Treaty (August 29, 1921)

World War II

Declaration of War upon Japan

 Japan

December 8, 1941

82–0

388–1

Franklin D. Roosevelt

V-J Day, Japanese Instrument of Surrender (September 2, 1945), Treaty of San Francisco (September 8, 1951)

Declaration of War upon Germany

 Germany

December 11, 1941

88–0

393–0

V-E Day, German Instrument of Surrender (May 8, 1945), Treaty on the Final Settlement with Respect to Germany (September 12, 1990), Treaty of Vienna with Austria (May 15, 1955)

Declaration of War upon Italy

 Italy

90–0

399–0

Paris Peace Treaty (February 10, 1947)

Declaration of War upon Bulgaria

 Bulgaria

June 5, 1942

73–0

357–0

Declaration of War upon Hungary[11]

 Hungary

360–0

Declaration of War upon Romania[11]

 Romania

361–0

text: Undeclared wars[edit]

text: Military engagements authorized by Congress[edit]

text: In other instances, the United States has engaged in extended military combat that was authorized by Congress.

text:
War or conflict

Opponent(s)

Initial authorization

Votes

President

Result

Senate

House

Quasi-War

 France

An Act further to protect the commerce of the United StatesJuly 9, 1798

18–4

John Adams

Treaty of Mortefontaine

First Barbary War

 Morocco
 Tripolitania

February 6, 1802[13]

Thomas Jefferson

War ended 1805

Second Barbary War

 Algiers

May 10, 1815[14]

James Madison

War ended 1816

Enforcing 1808 slave trade ban; naval squadron sent to African waters to apprehend illegal slave traders

 Slave traders and pirates

"Act in addition to the acts prohibiting the Slave Trade" 1819

James Monroe

1822 first African-American settlement founded in Liberia, 1823 U.S. Navy stops anti-trafficking patrols

Redress for attack on U.S. Navy's USS Water Witch

 Paraguay

1858.[15]

James Buchanan

Mexican Revolution
United States occupation of Veracruz

 Mexico

H.J.R. 251, 38 Stat. 770April 22, 1914

337–37

Woodrow Wilson

Force withdrawn after six months. However, the Joint Resolution was likely used to authorize the Pancho Villa Expedition. In the Senate, "when word reached the Senate that the invasion had gone forward before the use-of-force resolution had been approved, Republicans reacted angrily" saying it was a violation of the Constitution, but eventually after the action had already started, a resolution was passed after the action to "justify" it since Senators did not think it was a declaration of war.[16][17]

Russian Civil War
Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War

 Commune of Estonia
 Far Eastern Republic
 Latvia
 Mongolian People's Party
 Russia
 Ukraine

1918[18]

Woodrow Wilson

Lebanon crisis of 1958

 Lebanese Opposition
 Al-Mourabitoun
 Lebanese Communist Party
 Progressive Socialist Party

H.J. Res. 117, Public Law 85-7, Joint Resolution "To promote peace and stability in the Middle East", March 9, 1957[19]

72–19

355–61

Dwight D. Eisenhower

U.S. forces withdrawn, October 25, 1958

Vietnam War

Laotian Civil War

Cambodian Civil War

 China
National United Front of Kampuchea

 Khmer Rouge
 Khmer Rumdo
 Khmer Việt Minh
 North Korea
 North Vietnam
 Pathet Lao
 South Vietnam

Việt Cộng

Gulf of Tonkin Resolution, August 7, 1964

88–2

416–0

Lyndon B. Johnson

U.S. forces withdrawn under terms of the Paris Peace Accords signed January 27, 1973

Multinational Force in Lebanon

Shia and Druze militias; Syria

S.J.Res. 159Pub.L. 98–119September 29, 1983

54–46

253–156

Ronald W. Reagan

Forces withdrawn in 1984

Persian Gulf War

 Iraq

H.J.Res. 77January 12, 1991.

52–47

250–183

George H.W. Bush

The United Nations Security Council drew up terms for the cease-fire, April 3, 1991

War in Afghanistan
Operation Enduring Freedom – Afghanistan
Operation Freedom's Sentinel

al-Qaeda insurgency in Yemen

Yemeni Civil War

Somali Civil War

Operation Enduring Freedom – Horn of Africa

War in North-West Pakistan

Moro conflict

Operation Enduring Freedom – Philippines

Iraqi Civil War

Operation Inherent Resolve

Syrian Civil War

Operation Inherent Resolve

Second Libyan Civil War

 Afghanistan
Quetta Shura
Taliban
Haqqani network
Mullah Dadullah Front
 al-Qaeda

055 Brigade
Al-Nusra Front
Khorasan group
al-Qaeda Emirate in Yemen
Aden-Abyan Islamic Army
Islamic Jihad of Yemen
al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula
Ansar al-Sharia
al-Qaeda in the Indian Subcontinent
Lashkar al-Zil
 Harakat Ahrar al-Sham al-Islamiyya
 Hezb-e Islami Gulbuddin
 Islamic Jihad Union
Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan
Jamaat-ul-Ahrar
Jundallah
Lashkar-e-Islam
 Lashkar-e-Jhangvi
 Tehreek-e-Nafaz-e-Shariat-e-Mohammadi
 Turkistan Islamic Party
 Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan

 High Council of the Islamic Emirate
 Fidai Mahaz

 al-Itihaad al-Islamiya
 Alliance for the Re-liberation of Somalia
 Harakat al-Shabaab Mujahedeen
 Hizbul Islam
 Islamic Courts Union
 Jabhatul Islamiya
 Mu'askar Anole
 Ras Kamboni Brigades

 Abu Sayyaf
 Bangsamoro Islamic Freedom Fighters
 Islamic State
 Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan
 Maute group
 Khalifa Islamiyah Mindanao

S.J. Res. 23September 14, 2001

98–0

420–1

George W. Bush

Iraq War[20]

 Iraq

H.J. Res. 114, March 3, 2003

77–23

296–132

George W. Bush

Ba'athist Iraqi government deposed April 2003. U.S. combat operations ended August 31, 2010. War ended December 15, 2011. Destabilization of Iraq and emergence of ISIL in the region 2011–present.[21]

text: Military engagements authorized by United Nations Security Council Resolutions and funded by Congress[edit]

text: In many instances, the United States has engaged in extended military engagements that were authorized by United Nations Security Council Resolutions and funded by appropriations from Congress.

text:
Military engagement

Opponent(s)

Initial authorization

President

Result

Korean War

 China
 North Korea
 Soviet Union

UNSCR 84, 1950

Harry S. Truman

Korean Armistice Agreement,[22] 1953

Multinational Force in Lebanon

Shia militias, Druze militias, Syria

UNSCR 425, 1978
UNSCR 426, 1978

Jimmy Carter, Ronald Reagan

U.S. forces withdrew in 1984

Persian Gulf War

 Iraq

UNSCR 678, 1990

George H. W. Bush

UNSCR 689, 1991

Bosnian War

 Republika Srpska

UNSCR 770, 1992UNSCR 776, 1992UNSCR 836, 1993

Bill Clinton

Reflagged as IFOR in 1995, Reflagged as SFOR in 1996, Completed in 2004

Second Liberian Civil War

Peacekeeping

UNSCR 1497, 2003

George W. Bush

U.S. forces are withdrawn in 2003 after the UNMIL is established.

Haitian coup d'état

UNSCR 1529, 2004
UNSCR 1542, 2004

2004

First Libyan Civil War
2011 military intervention in Libya
Operation Odyssey Dawn
Operation Unified Protector

 Libya

UNSCR 1973, 2011

Barack Obama

Debellation of the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, October 31, 2011

text: Other undeclared wars[edit]

text:
Military engagement

Opponent(s)

President

Result

American Revolutionary War

 Great Britain
Quebec
Loyalists
German auxiliaries

 Hesse-Kassel
 Hesse-Hanau
 Hanover
 Waldeck
 Brunswick
 Ansbach
 Anhalt-Zerbst
Native Americans[23]

 Iroquois Confederacy

None

Peace of Paris

text: On at least 125 occasions, the President has acted without prior express military authorization from Congress.[24] These include instances in which the United States fought in the Philippine–American War from 1898–1903, in Nicaragua in 1927, as well as the NATO bombing campaign of Yugoslavia in 1999, and the 2017 missile strikes on Syria.

text: The United States' longest war was fought between approximately 1840 and 1886 against the Apache Nation. During that entire 46-year period, there was never more than 90 days of peace.[citation needed]

text: The Indian Wars comprise at least 28 conflicts and engagements.  These localized conflicts, with Native Americans, began with European colonists coming to North America, long before the establishment of the United States. For the purpose of this discussion, the Indian Wars are defined as conflicts with the United States of America.  They begin as one front in the American Revolutionary War in 1775 and had concluded by 1918. The United States Army still maintains a campaign streamer for Pine Ridge 1890–1891 despite opposition from certain Native American groups.[25]

text: The American Civil War was not an international conflict under the laws of war, because the Confederate States of America was not a government that had been granted full diplomatic recognition as a sovereign nation by other sovereign states.[26][27] The CSA was recognized by the United States government as a belligerent power, a different status of recognition that authorized Confederate warships to visit non-U.S. ports.  This recognition of the CSA's status as a belligerent power did not impose any duty upon the United States to recognize the sovereignty of the Confederacy, and the United States never did so.[citation needed]

text: The War Powers Resolution[edit]

text: In 1973, following the withdrawal of most American troops from the Vietnam War, a debate emerged about the extent of presidential power in deploying troops without a declaration of war. A compromise in the debate was reached with the War Powers Resolution. This act clearly defined how many soldiers could be deployed by the President of the United States and for how long. It also required formal reports by the President to Congress regarding the status of such deployments, and limited the total amount of time that American forces could be deployed without a formal declaration of war.

text: Although the constitutionality of the act has never been tested, it is usually followed, most notably during the Grenada Conflict, the Panamanian Conflict, the Somalia Conflict, the Persian Gulf War, and the Iraq War[clarification needed].  The only exception was President Clinton's use of U.S. troops in the 78-day NATO air campaign against Yugoslavia during the Kosovo War.[citation needed]  In all other cases, the President asserted the constitutional authority to commit troops without the necessity of Congressional approval, but in each case the President received Congressional authorization that satisfied the provisions of the War Powers Act.

text: On March 21, 2011, a number of lawmakers expressed concern that the decision of President Barack Obama to order the U.S. military to join in attacks of Libyan air defenses and government forces exceeded his constitutional authority because the decision to authorize the attack was made without Congressional permission.[28] Obama explained his rationale in a two-page letter, stating that as commander in chief, he had constitutional authority to authorize the strikes, which would be limited in scope and duration, and necessary to prevent a humanitarian disaster in Libya.


document_title: List of commencement speakers at Harvard University

question_text: political philosopher who gave harvard's 1862 commencement

question_tokens: political philosopher who gave harvard 's 1862 commencement

text: This article is a list of commencement speakers at Harvard University. The speech takes place in Harvard Yard in June or late May of every year.

text: Commencement speakers[edit]

text:
2017: Mark Zuckerberg
2016: Steven Spielberg, film director, producer, and screenwriter – (video; text)
2015: Deval Patrick, 71st Governor of Massachusetts – (video)
2014: Michael Bloomberg, businessman and philanthropist, former Mayor of New York City – (video; audio; text)
2013: Oprah Winfrey, businesswoman and talk show host – (video; audio; text)
2012: Fareed Zakaria, journalist, author, former TIME editor – ("We Live in an Age of Progress" video; text)
2011: Ellen Johnson Sirleaf, 24th President of Liberia – (video)
2010: David Souter, former Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court (video; text)
2009: Steven Chu, former United States Secretary of Energy (video; text)
2008: J. K. Rowling, author, Harry Potter series – ("The Fringe Benefits of Failure, and the Importance of Imagination" video; text)
2007: Bill Gates, Microsoft co-founder – ("Great Expectations" video; text)
2006: Jim Lehrer, author and journalist – (video)
2005: John Lithgow, actor and author – ("An Actor's Own Words" text)
2004: Kofi Annan, 7th Secretary-General of the United Nations ("Three Crises, and the Need for American Leadership" text)
2003: Ernesto Zedillo, 54th President of Mexico
2002: Daniel Patrick Moynihan, former US senator representing New York ("Civilization Need Not Die")
2001: Robert Rubin, 70th United States Secretary of the Treasury
2000: Amartya Sen, economist and Professor of Economics and Philosophy, Harvard University ("Global Doubts")
1999: Alan Greenspan, 13th Chairman of the Federal Reserve (text)
1998: Mary Robinson, former United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights and 7th President of Ireland (text)
1997: Madeleine Albright, 64th United States Secretary of State (text)
1996: Harold E. Varmus, scientist and Director of the National Institutes of Health (text)
1995: Václav Havel, last President of Czechoslovakia and 1st President of the Czech Republic ("Radical Renewal of Human Responsibility" text)
1994: Al Gore, 45th Vice President of the United States (video; text)
1993: Colin Powell, 12th Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff (video; excepts)
1992: Gro Harlem Brundtland, Prime Minister of Norway
1991: Derek Bok, 25th President of Harvard University (text)
1990: Helmut Kohl, Chancellor of West Germany
1989: Benazir Bhutto, 11th Prime Minister of Pakistan ("Democratic Nations Must Unite" video; text)
1988: Óscar Arias, President of Costa Rica and 1987 Nobel Peace Prize recipient
1987: Richard von Weizsäcker, President of the Federal Republic of Germany
1986: Peter Carrington, 6th Baron Carrington, 6th Secretary General of NATO
1985: Paul Volcker, economist and 12th Chairman of the Federal Reserve (text)
1984: Juan Carlos I, King of Spain
1983: Carlos Fuentes, author and diplomat
1982: John Huston Finley, Professor of Greek Literature Emeritus, Harvard University
1981: Thomas Watson Jr., businessman and diplomat, President of IBM, 11th President of the Boy Scouts of America, 16th United States Ambassador to the Soviet Union
1980: Cyrus Vance, 57th United States Secretary of State
1979: Helmut Schmidt, Chancellor of West Germany
1978: Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn, Nobel Prize-winning novelist ("A World Split Apart" video; audio; text)
1977: Barbara Jordan, US Representative representing Texas (text)
1976: Daniel Patrick Moynihan, US senator representing New York
1975: Archibald Cox, Harvard Law School Professor of Law
1974: Ralph Ellison, novelist
1973: Rev. Theodore Hesburgh, President of the University of Notre Dame
1972: Roy Jenkins, former Deputy Leader of the Labour Party
1971: Alan Paton, South African novelist
1970: Antonio Carrillo Flores, former Mexican Secretary of Foreign Affairs
1969: Jean Rey, Belgian politician and 2nd President of the European Commission
1969: Stewart Udall, 37th United States Secretary of the Interior
1968: Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, Shah of Iran (excerpts)
1967: Edwin O. Reischauer, diplomat and Harvard professor
1966: W. Averell Harriman, businessman, politician, and diplomat
1965: Adlai Stevenson II, 31st Governor of Illinois and 5th United States Ambassador to the United Nations
1964: Alberto Lleras Camargo, 20th President of Colombia
1963: U Thant, 3rd Secretary-General of the United Nations
1962: William McChesney Martin, 9th Chairman of the Federal Reserve (text)
1962: Lionel Trilling, Professor of English, Columbia University
1961: Alec Douglas-Home, Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, United Kingdom
1961: F. Cyril James, Vice Chancellor, McGill University
1960: Robert Menzies, 12th Prime Minister of Australia
1960: Paul-Henri Spaak, 2nd Secretary General of NATO
1959: Pieter Geyl, Dutch historian and Utrecht University professor
1959: C. Douglas Dillon, 21st United States Under Secretary of State
1958: Neil H. McElroy, 6th United States Secretary of Defense
1958: Raymond Aron, French historian and journalist
1957: Erwin Panofsky, art historian
1957: Lady Barbara Jackson, British author
1956: Herbert Butterfield, British historian and University of Cambridge professor
1956: John F. Kennedy, US senator representing Massachusetts (text)
1955: Luis Muñoz Marín, Puerto Rican poet, journalist, and politician
1955: Konrad Adenauer, Chancellor of West Germany
1954: Henry Cabot Lodge, former US senator representing Massachusetts
1954: Robert Schuman, former Prime Minister of France
1954: Grayson L. Kirk, political scientist and 14th President of Columbia University
1953: John P. Marquand, Pulitzer Prize-winning novelist
1953: Lester B. Pearson, Canadian statesman and historian
1952: John Foster Dulles, US senator representing New York
1952: Joseph S. Clark Jr., lawyer and politician
1951: Thornton Wilder, playwright and novelist
1951: Warren Austin, US senator representing Vermont, 2nd United States Ambassador to the United Nations
1951: Charles Edward Wilson, President of General Electric
1950: Dean Acheson, statesman and lawyer
1950: Ralph Flanders, US senator representing Vermont
1950: Carlos P. Romulo, Filipino Minister of Foreign Affairs
1949: Ralph Bunche, political scientist
1949: Lucius D. Clay, Jr., General of the United States Army
1949: Sir Oliver Franks, Baron Franks, Ambassador of the United Kingdom to the United Nations
1948: Trygve Lie, 1st Secretary-General of the United Nations
1947: George Marshall, 50th United States Secretary of State ("What Must Be Done?" text)
1946: Maurice J. Tobin, 6th United States Secretary of Labor
1945: C. D. Howe, Canadian Minister of Munitions and Supply
1945: Sir Alexander Fleming, Scottish scientist
1945: Ernest King, Fleet Admiral, United States Navy
1944: Walter Lippmann, journalist
1943: Joseph Grew, 13th United States Ambassador to Japan
1943: Winston Churchill, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
1942: Henry L. Stimson, 45th United States Secretary of War
1942: Frederick Paul Keppel, former President of Carnegie Corporation of New York
1942: Raymond Gram Swing, journalist
1942: Frank Knox, 47th United States Secretary of the Navy
1941: Edward Wood, 3rd Viscount Halifax, Ambassador of the United Kingdom to the United States
1941: Clarence Addison Dykstra, Chairman of the National Defense Board
1941: Vannevar Bush, National Defense Research Committee
1940: Robert Sproul, 11th President of the University of California
1940: Carl Sandburg, author and poet
1940: Cordell Hull, 47th United States Secretary of State
1938: John Buchan, 1st Baron Tweedsmuir, Scottish novelist and historian, 15th Governor General of Canada
1934: Harold W. Dodds, 15th President of Princeton University
1934: Charles F. Martin, President of McGill University
1933: Sir Ronald Lindsay, British civil servant and diplomat
1931: Sir James Salter, author and political scientist
1929: Ernest Barker, political scientist
1927: Josiah Stamp, 1st Baron Stamp, British civil servant
1926: Arthur Currie, General of the Canadian Corps
1924: Owen D. Young, businessman, Dawes Commission
1923: William Lyon Mackenzie King, Canadian politician
1918: Rufus Isaacs, 1st Earl of Reading, British politician
1917: Cecil Spring Rice, Ambassador of the United Kingdom to the United States of America
1914: David F. Houston, 5th United States Secretary of Agriculture
1914: Sir Charles Fitzpatrick, 5th Chief Justice of Canada
1910: George Walter Prothero, British writer and historian
1909: Sir Napier Shaw, British meteorologist
1907: James Bryce, British historian, statesman, and diplomat (excerpts)
1904: Henry Cabot Lodge, US senator representing Massachusetts
1904: Baron Kaneko Kentarō, Japanese envoy to the United States
1904: William Osler, Canadian physician
1900: Julian Pauncefote, 1st Baron Pauncefote, British diplomat
1898: John Campbell-Gordon, 7th Earl of Aberdeen, British politician
1890: Leslie Stephen, British author and literary critic
1886: Lyon Playfair, 1st Baron Playfair, British politician
1884: Richard Claverhouse Jebb, British classical scholar and politician
1878: Frederick Hamilton-Temple-Blackwood, 1st Marquess of Dufferin and Ava, British politician
1875: Thomas Carlyle, Scottish essayist and historian
1871: George Robinson, 1st Marquess of Ripon, British politician
1862: John Stuart Mill, British philosopher and economist
1860: Richard Lyons, 1st Viscount Lyons, British diplomat
1858: Francis Napier, 1st Baron Ettrick, British diplomat
1853: James Bruce, 8th Earl of Elgin, British colonial administrator and diplomat
1846: Thomas Grenville, British politician
1844: Charles Lyell, British lawyer and geologist
1831: Richard Whately, British rhetorician, logician, economist, and theologian