document_title: The Flash (season 4)

question_text: when is episode 10 of flash season 4 coming out

text: The Flash (season 4)

text: Episodes[edit]

text:
No.
overall
No. in
season
Title
Directed by
Written by
Original air date
Prod.
code
U.S. viewers
(millions)

70
1
"The Flash Reborn"
Glen Winter
Story by : Andrew Kreisberg
Teleplay by : Todd Helbing & Eric Wallace
October 10, 2017 (2017-10-10)
T27.13401
2.84[2]

Iris has been aiding Team Flash in Central City for six months, but refuses to grieve Barry. A flying samurai with superpowers appears in Central City, threatening to destroy the city if the real Flash does not face him. Cisco reveals he has formulated a way to bring back Barry without destabilizing the Speed Force and tracks down Caitlin for help, but is forbidden by Iris to bring Barry back. Against Iris' orders, Team Flash successfully returns Barry, who rambles random statements and continually writes symbols on the walls. Wally engages the samurai, but is defeated. Cisco deciphers Barry's writings and finds an apparently meaningless sentence. In an attempt to recover Barry's memories, Iris gives herself up to the samurai. The plan works and Barry speeds away, rescuing Iris and defeating the samurai, who is revealed to be an android. Caitlin rejoins Team Flash, but is revealed to have been working for a mobster called Amunet, while also continuing to prevent the Killer Frost personality from emerging. The "Samuroid" is revealed to have been controlled by the Thinker, whose plan was to draw out the Flash for his next schemes.

71
2
"Mixed Signals"
Alexandra La Roche
Jonathan Butler & Gabriel Garza
October 17, 2017 (2017-10-17)
T27.13402
2.54[3]

When Barry, Joe, and Cisco report to a crime scene, they discover remnants of a mysterious code. Cisco presents Barry with a technologically advanced suit, intended to facilitate his activities. He tests it out, trying to save someone from a haywire car controlled by metahuman Ramsey Deacon. Gypsy arrives on Earth-1 for a date with Cisco, who is forced to cancel it so as to focus on Deacon. Acting on a suggestion from Caitlin, Iris signs her and Barry up for couples therapy to sort out their relationship. Deacon kidnaps a witness, a former member of a tech team that stole his idea for profit. Barry and Wally go to save him, but Deacon uses his abilities to send Barry's suit haywire. On Iris' instruction, Barry throws lightning at himself, shorting out his suit. He then incapacitates Deacon, who is locked up in the meta wing of Iron Heights, revealed to be part of the Thinker's plan. Cisco finally goes out with Gypsy. Wondering how Deacon gained his powers being absent during the particle accelerator incident, Barry and Joe learn from Deacon that there are "others."

72
3
"Luck Be a Lady"
Armen V. Kevorkian
Sam Chalsen & Judalina Neira
October 24, 2017 (2017-10-24)
T27.13403
2.62[4]

In flashbacks, the Thinker observes Becky Sharpe, a woman with seemingly unending bad luck, and determines that she will be easily manipulated. In the present, Becky robs a bank, and gets away when Barry slips on marbles. Harry arrives from Earth-2, and tells Wally that Jesse has decided to break up in order to focus on her vigilantism. Cisco deduces that Becky is a metahuman with the power of favorable luck while inducing misfortune to others. Barry realizes that the portal he used to escape the Speed Force exposed an entire busload of people, including Becky and Deacon, to transformative dark matter. Harry informs Cisco that Jesse has expelled him from her crime-fighting team due to his attitude. Becky's powers expand out of control, reactivating the particle accelerator, which Harry deliberately allows, nullifying Becky's powers and leading to her incarceration. Cisco and Harry identify twelve new metahumans created on the bus, and the latter suspects that an unknown party has manipulated events surrounding Barry's return. Wally decides to leave on a journey to find himself. The Thinker is revealed to be spying on S.T.A.R. Labs through the "Samuroid" helmet. Joe learns Cecile is pregnant.

73
4
"Elongated Journey Into Night"
Tom Cavanagh
Sterling Gates & Thomas Pound
October 31, 2017 (2017-10-31)
T27.13404
1.99[5]

Gypsy's father, Breacher, attacks Cisco, vowing to hunt and kill him in 24 hours, allowing the romance should he survive. Team Flash learns that the bus driver was murdered and tracks down another passenger, Ralph Dibny, former corrupt CCPD detective exposed by Barry and currently an infamous private investigator. As two thugs attack Dibny, he is revealed to have the power to stretch. Caitlin stabilizes his powers with a serum. The team learns that Ralph has been blackmailing Mayor Bellows for adultery, with the latter revealed to have hired the thugs. Barry confronts Ralph for his actions while the latter scolds him, claiming to have been a "good cop". He later stops blackmailing Bellows, who still attempts to kill him while Breacher mistakes the former for a Plastoid, the species that invaded Earth-19 previously, and attacks him. Cisco intervenes and saves Ralph, whom Barry, having revealed his alter-ego, convinces to help arrest an escaping Bellows. Admiring Cisco's gallantry, Breacher allows the relationship. Barry recruits Ralph for Team Flash and learns that someone named DeVoe instructed Ralph to watch Bellows. Barry remembers that Abra Kadabra and Savitar both mentioned DeVoe. Meanwhile, Caitlin finds a message on her apartment door.

74
5
"Girls Night Out"
Laura Belsey
Lauren Certo & Kristen Kim
November 7, 2017 (2017-11-07)
T27.13405
2.38[6]

While failing to track DeVoe, Team Flash is visited by Felicity, who joins Iris's bachelorette party. Mocking Cisco's plans for Barry's bachelor party, Ralph takes the men to a strip club, where they learn that Cecile's daughter, Joanie, is working. Joe confronts her, who states she is only doing feminist research. Ralph incites a brawl, leading to the men's arrest until Harry posts bail. Meanwhile, Amunet's enforcer, Norvock, demands Caitlin's return and attacks the women when she refuses. Killer Frost emerges and repels him, later telling Iris that Caitlin accepted Amunet's employment in exchange for the means to control Frost. Learning that Amunet is holding a metahuman she calls "the Weeper", whose tears are a strong narcotic, prisoner and intends to sell him, Iris's party decides to stop her. Though Caitlin refuses to join, she attacks Amunet when seeing her friends in danger. Using a strong magnet, the team robs Amunet's metal shards, leaving her powerless. Iris dissuades Frost from killing Amunet, who promises revenge. Both parties refuse to tell each other about their adventures. Iris asks Caitlin to be her maid of honor while Joe convinces Joanie to tell Cecile about her research. DeVoe captures the Weeper.

75
6
"When Harry Met Harry..."
Brent Crowell
Jonathan Butler & Gabriel Garza
November 14, 2017 (2017-11-14)
T27.13406
2.46[7]

Barry trains Ralph to use his abilities, with Cisco making a stretchable suit for him. Another bus metahuman, a Lakota Sioux Native named Mina Chayton, who can animate statues, starts attacking Central City & stealing pieces of a Black Bison necklace, which she claims belongs to her tribe. When Barry and Ralph catch up to her, she attacks Barry with a caveman statue and attempts a getaway. Ralph chooses to stop her, but a little girl is injured in the process. Ralph regrets his actions, but is comforted by Barry. Chayton escapes CCPD, going after the last necklace piece held at the museum. When Barry and Ralph confront her, she brings a dinosaur skeleton to life. Barry arrests Chayton while Ralph saves a security guard from the skeleton. Later, Ralph reveals he mailed the necklace back to Chayton's tribe, before visiting the little girl in the hospital, using his abilities to entertain her. Meanwhile, Harry, trying to make friends, works with his doppelgangers of alternate Earths, The Council of Wells. They figure out that DeVoe is a man named Clifford DeVoe. Barry and Joe head to DeVoe's house, to find out that he is a middle-aged man in a wheelchair.

76
7
"Therefore I Am"
David McWhirter
Eric Wallace & Thomas Pound
November 21, 2017 (2017-11-21)
T27.13407
2.20[8]

Barry and Joe interrogate DeVoe and his wife to try and get more information. In flashbacks, DeVoe and his wife build a thinking cap to improve his brain capacity, powering it through the particle accelerator explosion. DeVoe's increased brain power accelerates his amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, forcing his wife to build him a special chair to keep him alive. Barry discovers the camera in the Samuroid head and goes to DeVoe's house, narrowly avoiding being caught by DeVoe's wife. Barry later confronts DeVoe, who reveals his true identity, leading to Cisco dubbing him "The Thinker". Wally returns to Team Flash from Blue Valley.

77
8
"Crisis on Earth-X, Part 3"
Dermott Downs
Story by : Andrew Kreisberg & Marc Guggenheim
Teleplay by : Todd Helbing
November 28, 2017 (2017-11-28)
T27.13408
2.82[9]

Barry, Oliver, Sara, Alex, Martin and Jax wake up in a Nazi concentration camp on Earth-X wearing power dampeners. The arriving SS Sturmbannführer is revealed to be the Earth-X doppelgänger of Quentin Lance, who plans to execute them, but they are saved by Citizen Cold (the Earth-X doppelgänger of Leonard Snart) and Ray Terrill. Snart and Terrill take them to the headquarters of the Freedom Fighters, where the team meets the resistance movement's leader, General Schott (Winn Schott's Earth-X doppelgänger). They learn that the only way back to Earth-1 is through a temporal gateway in a research facility, which Schott plans to blow up to strand Dark Arrow (Oliver's Earth-X doppelgänger) on Earth-1. Oliver disguises himself as Dark Arrow to infiltrate the facility and discovers the Nazi doomsday device against parallel Earths is a militarized timeship called Wellenreiter. Barry and Ray battle the Freedom Fighters' Red Tornado to stop it from destroying the gateway while the rest of the team enters the facility to reactivate its portal, during which Stein is shot and gravely wounded. On Earth-1, Thawne prepares to perform surgery on Kara to save Overgirl. Felicity and Iris try to stop him, but are captured.

This episode continues a crossover event that begins on Supergirl season 3 episode 8 and Arrow season 6 episode 8, and concludes on Legends of Tomorrow season 3 episode 8.

78
9
"Don't Run"
Stefan Pleszczynski
Sam Chalsen & Judalina Neira
December 5, 2017 (2017-12-05)
T27.13409
2.22[10]

While out Christmas shopping, Barry is ambushed and kidnapped by DeVoe while Caitlin is kidnapped from Jitters by Amunet. Iris claims they have to look for both of them, despite Harry's claim that they have insufficient time and resources and that they can only afford to search for one. Barry is held in DeVoe's lair. Caitlin is forced by Amunet to perform surgery on a metahuman named Dominic Lanse, who can read minds. They try to escape, but Amunet blocks their exit. Caitlin manages to briefly incapacitate Amunet, and she and Dominic flee the building they are being held in. Once outside, they are rescued by Cisco and Ralph, as Iris has chosen to focus on finding Caitlin. Barry manages to escape from DeVoe. Team Flash celebrates Christmas at the West house and Dominic joins them. Barry gets a security alert from his apartment. When he arrives, he receives a phone call from Dominic, who reveals that Amunet re-kidnapped Dominic and DeVoe has transferred his consciousness into Dominic's body. Barry discovers DeVoe's original body dead on his apartment floor and he realizes DeVoe has framed him for his "murder"; the police arrive, and Barry lets himself get arrested, not wanting to leave Iris again.

79
10
"The Trial of The Flash"
Philip Chipera
Lauren Certo & Kristen Kim
January 16, 2018 (2018-01-16)
T27.13410
2.51[11]

Barry stands trial for the murder of Clifford DeVoe, with Cecile representing him. Cisco and Joe have to leave during the trial for a meta investigation, in which a meta caused people to collapse. Singh reveals to Joe he is appearing as a witness for the prosecution against Barry. The meta is eventually discovered as Neil Borman, who is a meta who produces radiation, which is causing the illness and collapsing. Barry takes him on, but is ill equipped to deal with the situation. Cisco and Killer Frost travel to the scene where Caitlin tries to freeze Borman, who quickly defrosts and incapacitates Caitlin. Barry creates a vacuum seal around Borman to contain the radiation, with Cisco transporting the radiation to the dead Earth-15, draining the meta and defeating him. Barry is eventually found guilty by the jury and is sentenced to life in prison.

80
11
"The Elongated Knight Rises"
Alexandra La Roche
Sterling Gates & Thomas Pound
January 23, 2018 (2018-01-23)
T27.13411
2.12[12]

Barry uses his speed to secretly help the guards contain the other inmates during a prison riot. He also befriends Dave Ratchet, his father's former cellmate. The next day, Barry meets Axel Walker who was later broken out of prison by his mother Zoey Clark, his father's one-time partner Prank. Axel challenges Ralph by threatening to cause chaos in the city. Ralph attempts to stop him but is wounded by Axel and is evacuated by Cisco. Ralph sneaks into the prison to talk to Barry about how scared he is. Barry reassures him that being a hero isn't about not being scared, but about having the ability to rise above your fear. Cisco and Caitlin go to rescue the hostages, but get captured by Axel and Zoey, who intend to kill them. Ralph arrives, and attempts to shield the two from an acid shower, until Wells manages to hack into the shower system to neutralize its acidity. Iris visits Barry in prison, where they reaffirm their love for each other. Ralph and Cisco go to get coffee, where they meet the excitable girl from the wedding. The girl writes in her journal, where she appears to be writing in the language Barry was using when he came out of the Speed Force.

81
12
"Honey, I Shrunk Team Flash"
Chris Peppe
Sam Chalsen & Judalina Neira
January 30, 2018 (2018-01-30)
T27.13412
2.60[13]

Cecile develops telepathic abilities as a result of her pregnancy, combined with dormant dark matter in her cells, which Caitlin assures her should be temporary. In prison, Barry learns that Ratchet is innocent of a robbery-homicide that was actually committed by Sylbert Rundine fifteen years prior. Barry asks the team to look into the case. Rundine turns out to be a bus meta with the ability to shrink and enlarge objects, and he shrinks Cisco and Ralph while escaping. Harry's attempted cure backfires, and Caitlin determines that if they are not re-enlarged within a certain period of time, their bodies will explode. The team confronts Rundine at a warehouse, where Harry tricks him into re-enlarging Ralph and Cisco. Rundine is arrested, but refuses to confess to the earlier crime. Barry gathers that even if Ratchet went free, he would be as unhappy in the city as he is in prison; he wishes to live in a secluded Chinese village called Jiaju, but fears he will never get there. After Joe assures him that he will always do his best, Barry uses his speed to take Ratchet to Jiaju, where he can live out his dream. After discovering Barry is the Flash, the prison's warden, Gregory Wolfe, locks Barry in his private metahuman wing, intending to sell him to Amunet.

82
13
"True Colors"
Tara Nicole Weyr
Jonathan Butler & Gabriel Garza
February 6, 2018 (2018-02-06)
T27.13413
2.28[14]

Wolfe plans to sell Barry and the imprisoned bus metas (Ramsey Deacon, Becky Sharpe, Mina Chaytan, and Sylbert Rundine) to Amunet, so they plan to escape. Cecile discovers Wolfe's plans after reading his mind. Ralph encounters a former colleague and his negative interaction with him prompts the discovery that he can shapeshift. His lack of mastery of the new ability prevents his attempt to foil Amunet's deal with Wolfe. Barry helps the metas escape the power dampeners, but they are cornered by Wolfe and Amunet. DeVoe arrives and again uses his chair to extract the metas' abilities, before transferring his mind into Sharpe's body. He then crushes Wolfe's skull as Marlize looks on in horror; Amunet flees. Ralph uses his shapeshifting ability to appear as the original DeVoe at Barry's appeal, claiming that he was unconscious at Barry's loft but not dead, which clears Barry's name. Team Flash realizes that DeVoe is only stealing powers from metahumans who were on the bus when the dark matter wave was unleashed, which means he will likely target Ralph as well. Back at the DeVoes' house, their marriage continues to deteriorate, and DeVoe drugs his wife with the Weeper's tears to maintain her devotion towards him.

83
14
"Subject 9"
Ralph Hemecker
Mike Alber & Gabe Snyder
February 27, 2018 (2018-02-27)
T27.13414
2.12[15]

Barry is put on indefinite leave at the CCPD due to his connection with the DeVoe case. The team encounter another bus metahuman named Izzy with sound wave abilities, amplified by her violin. She manages to use her abilities when DeVoe (inside Sharpe's body) comes to claim her. Barry and Ralph help to train Izzy to refine her abilities, which proves difficult when she gets hurt. Eventually DeVoe shows up once again, using Dominic's and Becky's abilities to make Barry experience a brain aneurysm, while using Rundine's abilities to incapacitate Ralph. DeVoe then once again uses the chair to transfer his mind into Izzy's body and escapes. Both Ralph and Barry comfort each other over their respective losses: Barry being let go from the police force and Ralph losing Izzy to DeVoe. These losses enforce both Barry's and Ralph's determination to bring DeVoe down and save the three remaining metas.

84
15
"Enter Flashtime"
Gregory Smith
Todd Helbing & Sterling Gates
March 6, 2018 (2018-03-06)
T27.13415
2.04[16]

Jesse comes to Earth-1 to have a talk with her dad. Eco-terrorist Veronica Dale sets off a nuclear bomb, which Barry tries to stop, entering a form of superspeed known as Flashtime, where everything is frozen. However, the bomb has already detonated, and he and Jesse cannot stop it or save everyone with superspeed. Jay Garrick comes from Earth-3 to help, but they are still unable to stop it. Barry remains in Flashtime for hours, bringing each of his friends into it, in an attempt to find a solution; they discuss options such as freezing it or sending it to another Earth, but none of those solutions prove to be viable. Eventually, Iris gives him the idea to retrieve the Quark Sphere from the Speed Force to send a blast lightning through the bomb, enough to disable it. Barry does so, and throws the Sphere back into the Speed Force, saving Central City. Jay admits he is retiring and going to train a new "female" speedster. Jesse and Jay return to their Earths, and Caitlin and Wells go for a coffee, where they encounter the mysterious girl.

85
16
"Run, Iris, Run"
Harry Jierjian
Eric Wallace
March 13, 2018 (2018-03-13)
T27.13416
2.09[17]

A metahuman with fire powers tries to rob Central City bank. Another bus meta named Matthew Kim touches the metahuman, which causes his powers to transfer to another individual. When Joe, Iris and Barry turn up to ask Kim a few questions, Barry and Iris come into contact with Kim, causing Barry to lose his speed and Iris to gain superspeed. Inspired by Thawne, Harry plans to build his own thinking cap to outwit DeVoe. With their roles reversed, Iris becomes Central City's hero speedster, while Barry must learn to act as team leader. The new metahuman demands money and terrorizes the city with his fire powers. Using Wells' thinking cap, the Team comes up with the idea for Iris to create a tidal wave, negating the flames and defeating the meta. Back at S.T.A.R. Labs, Kim touches Iris and Barry again, restoring the Flash's speed. At home, Iris admits that while she did enjoy having superspeed, Central City needs the light that Barry was, and she is happy being team leader. Wells uses his thinking cap once more, determining the final two bus metas are Janet Petty and Edwin Gauss.

86
17
"Null and Annoyed"[18]
Kevin Smith
Lauren Certo & Kristen Kim
April 10, 2018 (2018-04-10)
TBA
TBD

87
18
"Lose Yourself"[19]
Hanelle Culpepper
Jonathan Butler & Gabriel Garza
April 17, 2018 (2018-04-17)
TBA
TBD

88
19
"Fury Rogue"[20]
Rachel Talalay
Joshua V. Gilbert & Jeff Hersh
April 24, 2018 (2018-04-24)
TBA
TBD

text: Cast and characters[edit]

text: Main[edit]

text:
Grant Gustin as Barry Allen / Flash[21]
Candice Patton as Iris West[21]
Danielle Panabaker as Caitlin Snow / Killer Frost[22]
Carlos Valdes as Cisco Ramon / Vibe[21]
Keiynan Lonsdale as Wally West / Kid Flash[21]
Neil Sandilands as Clifford DeVoe / Thinker[23]
Tom Cavanagh as Harrison "Harry" Wells[21]
Jesse L. Martin as Joe West[21]

text: Recurring[edit]

text:
Danielle Nicolet as Cecile Horton[24]
Kim Engelbrecht as Marlize DeVoe / Mechanic[23]
Jessica Camacho as Cynthia / Gypsy[25][26]
Patrick Sabongui as David Singh[27]
Richard Brooks as Gregory Wolfe[28]
Hartley Sawyer as Ralph Dibny / Elongated Man[29]
Katee Sackhoff as Amunet Black / Blacksmith[30]
Sugar Lyn Beard as Rebecca Sharpe / Hazard[31] and Clifford DeVoe / Thinker
Kendrick Sampson as Dominic Lanse / Brainstorm[32] and Clifford DeVoe / Thinker

text: Guest[edit]

text:
Britne Oldford as Shawna Baez / Peek-a-Boo[33]
Mark Sweatman as Norvok[34]
Dominic Burgess as Ramsey Deacon / Kilg%re[35]
Donna Pescow as Sharon Finkle
Chelsea Kurtz as Mina Chayton / Black Bison[36]
Violett Beane as Jesse Chambers Wells / Jesse Quick[37]
Danny Trejo as Josh / Breacher[23][26]
Vito D'Ambrosio as Anthony Bellows
Emily Bett Rickards as Felicity Smoak[30]
Riley Jade Berglund as Joanie[38]
Matt Afonso as Weeper[39]
Stephen Amell as Oliver Queen / Green Arrow and Dark Arrow[40]
Victor Garber as Martin Stein / Firestorm[40]
Caity Lotz as Sara Lance / White Canary[40]
Chyler Leigh as Alex Danvers[40]
Franz Drameh as Jefferson Jackson / Firestorm[40]
Paul Blackthorne as Quentin Lance / Sturmbannführer
Jeremy Jordan as General Schott[40]
Juliana Harkavy as Dinah Drake / Black Canary
Melissa Benoist as Kara Zor-El / Kara Danvers / Supergirl and Overgirl[40]
Wentworth Miller as Leonard Snart / Citizen Cold[41]
Russell Tovey as Ray Terrill / The Ray[40]
Frederick Schmidt voices Metallo-X
Mark Valley as Anton Slater[42]
Devon Graye as Axel Walker / Trickster[43]
Corinne Bohrer as Zoey Clark / Prank[43]
Bill Goldberg as Dave Ratchet / Big Sir[43]
Derek Mears as Sylbert Rundine / Dwarfstar[44]
Miranda MacDougall as Izzy Bowin / Fiddler[45] and Clifford DeVoe / Thinker
John Wesley Shipp as Jay Garrick[46]
Leonardo Nam as Matthew Kim / Melting Point[47]
Max Adler as Jaco Birch / Pyro[48]
Anne Dudek as Tracy Brand[49]

text: Production[edit]

text: Development[edit]

text: The series was renewed for a fourth season on January 8, 2017,[50] earlier than usual for the series. Executive producer Andrew Kreisberg said on this, "The great thing about our dear friends at The CW and Mark Pedowitz picking the shows up as early as they did has allowed us to start building the schedules for next season."[51] In May 2017, it was announced that Aaron Helbing would not return as an executive producer for season four, with only Greg Berlanti, Andrew Kreisberg, Sarah Schechter, and Todd Helbing returning from previous seasons.[52] Todd Helbing and Kreisberg were slated to serve as the season's showrunners.[53][54] In November 2017, Kreisberg was suspended from his role as executive producer and showrunner on The Flash over allegations of sexual harassment.[55][56] By the end of the month, he had been fired, with his name eventually being removed from the credits from all shows he worked on. In addition, Berlanti would take additional responsibilities working with Helbing to co-showrun the season.[57]

text: Writing[edit]

text:
The way I see it is, time is non-linear and everything is happening at once in the Speed Force. In some ways he's had an awakening and he's had a rebirth. Our first episode is called 'Reborn,' and it is a rebirth for Barry, but he's kind of scrambled, too, because he's experienced so much so quick over the course of six months, even though for him it was an eternity. He's not Barry when we see him for the first time.

—Grant Gustin on the rebirth of Barry in season four.[58]

text: In March 2017, Kreisberg confirmed that the main villain for the fourth season would not be a speedster, like the previous three seasons.[59] Executive producers Aaron and Todd Helbing also mentioned that there would be less time travel in the season, with Aaron saying, "We like playing with the timelines and the different time periods and future and past. For now, I think we're going to focus on the present."[60] In June 2017, Clifford DeVoe / Thinker was reported to be the main antagonist of the season. He was first hinted in the third season episode "Abra Kadabra" when the titular villain mentions him among the Flash's greatest enemies, and again in the season finale "Finish Line" when Savitar mentions facing DeVoe but states that the Flash has not dealt with him yet.[61] At the series' San Diego Comic-Con panel, the speculation was confirmed, with Todd Helbing saying, "With three Speedsters in a row, this year it's the fastest man alive against the fastest mind alive."[24] He added that the writers were "making a conscious effort this year to get the fun quotient back up".[62]

text: Regarding the possibility of Wally West taking on the mantle of the Flash in Barry's absence, Keiynan Lonsdale said that "It's not something that's on my radar. I feel as though there is so much story to tell and Wally has so much growing to do... We need to see how these character realistically get to where they are headed for."[63] With the action picking up six months after season three, Kid Flash and Vibe are left to protect Central City, with Carlos Valdes saying "the team is sort of clutching at straws to keep the city together,... there is a unanimous feeling amongst the remaining members that it's just not the same without Barry... So in light of that, Cisco does whatever it takes to get his friends back."[64] Valdes also confirmed the return of Cisco's more lighthearted joking manner.[64] Candice Patton explained Iris West's larger role within Team Flash as "a way of distracting herself,"[64] adding that "[Iris] is forced to deal with that anger and resentment and abandonment by kind of focusing on protecting Central City... We're seeing a very different Iris, almost a very hardened Iris."[65] Kreisberg also hinted at some major growth for Iris this season, and noted that "the season premiere is all about Iris and Cisco, not Barry".[66]

text: In July 2017, Sterling Gates, DC Comics comic book writer, joined as a member of the fourth season's writing staff.[67] At the Television Critics Association press tour in August 2017, Pedowitz stated that the fourth season of The Flash is "going to try to find the lightness... of the Barry Allen of the first two seasons,"[68] and said that the show was likely "done with Speedster villains".[69] Later in the month, Kreisberg confirmed the return of Harry Wells from Earth-2, saying that "season 4 for Harry is really realizing what he's missing in his life and what it is he needs to become a better, more complete person, and so he's going to be going on a fairly epic emotional journey this season that is tied to the Thinker's plan," in addition to confirming the introduction of a new version of the Wells character.[70]

text: In September 2017, Helbing noted "There's a lot of love in the air this season," and compared Barry and Iris' reunion to "somebody going off to war for six months and coming back. There's a lot that Iris experienced that Barry didn't when he was gone, and it's really [about] the fun and the emotional component of making up that time when they weren't together." Helbing also explained that the Speed Force "let [Barry] deal with all of the baggage [from the past three seasons]. When he comes out, he's sort of left that all behind."[71] That month, Kreisberg also confirmed that Barry and Iris will be getting married this season,[72] while also revealing that the pair will be going to couples therapy since "[they] keep comically clashing inadvertently because [both are] used to being in charge, and so they wind up going... to work through it." He added, "The two of them with the therapist is some of the funniest stuff we have ever done on this show, but it also leads to a deepening of their relationship."[73]

text: Casting[edit]

text: Main cast members Grant Gustin, Candice Patton, Danielle Panabaker, Carlos Valdes, Keiynan Lonsdale, Tom Cavanagh, and Jesse L. Martin return from previous seasons as Barry Allen / The Flash, Iris West, Caitlin Snow / Killer Frost, Cisco Ramon / Vibe, Wally West / Kid Flash, Harrison Wells, and Joe West, respectively.[21] Cavanagh will portray Harry Wells from Earth-2 at the start of the season, without ruling out the possibility of introducing another incarnation of the Wells character later on.[64] Teasing the arrival of a new Harrison Wells, Cavanagh said, "We're going to start with Harry and then find a way, I think, to try and get a different version of Wells in there, be it some version of Harry or whatnot as the season's gaps present themselves."[74] Also returning from earlier in the series are Jessica Camacho as Gypsy,[25] and Anne Dudek as Tracy Brand.[49] It was revealed that Tom Felton, who joined the cast as Julian Albert in the third season, would not be a series regular in the fourth season, and that there were no plans for him to appear.[75] Julian's absence will be addressed "pretty quickly — there's a reason why he's no longer with the team," said Helbing.[76] In the season premiere, it is revealed that Julian has returned to London.[77] Kreisberg also confirmed that he had put on hold the planned return of Violett Beane as Jesse Quick due to the high number of speedsters on the show, but did not rule out a possible return in the future.[78] Beane eventually appeared as Jesse on the episode "Luck Be a Lady".[37] Britne Oldford, who previously appeared as Shawna Baez / Peek-a-Boo in the first season and the web series The Chronicles of Cisco, reprised her role in the season premiere.[33]

text: In July 2017, Neil Sandilands was announced to be cast as Clifford DeVoe, a metahuman genius who embarks on a seasonlong battle with the Flash in order to fix all that he deems wrong with humanity; while Kim Engelbrecht was announced as The Mechanic, Devoe's right hand and a highly intelligent engineer who designs devices for him; and Danny Trejo as Breacher, a bounty hunter from Earth-19 and the father of Gypsy.[23] Also in June, the series was looking to cast a role that "should put the visual effects department to the test",[79] with the role later revealed to be Ralph Dibny / Elongated Man, a metahuman with the ability to stretch his body to superhuman lengths and sizes.[80] Hartley Sawyer was cast in the recurring role that July as the fast-talking private investigator who after discovering his abilities will help Team Flash solve one of Central City's greatest mysteries.[29] The character was previously mentioned in the first season, as one of the fourteen people who seemingly died as a result of the particle accelerator explosion.[81] The next month, Katee Sackhoff was announced in the recurring role of Amunet Black / Blacksmith, who operates an underground black market of metahuman supervillains.[30]

text: Filming[edit]

text: Filming for the season began on July 4, 2017,[82] in Vancouver, British Columbia, and is set to conclude on April 21, 2018.[83] Kevin Smith will return to direct an episode in January 2018.[84]

text: Music[edit]

text: In August 2017, series composer Blake Neely and Nathaniel Blume began to compose the music for the fourth season.[85]

text: Arrowverse tie-ins[edit]

text: In May 2017, The CW president Mark Pedowitz officially announced plans for a four-show Arrowverse crossover event, crossing over episodes of the television series Supergirl, The Flash, Legends of Tomorrow, and Arrow.[86] The crossover, Crisis on Earth-X, began with Supergirl and a special airing of Arrow on November 27, 2017, and concluded on The Flash and Legends of Tomorrow on November 28.[87] In August 2017, Berlanti noted that it would be "a big life event for a few different people" that would bring them all together for the crossover, adding "There are many life events that happen."[88] Prior to that, Arrow actress Emily Bett Rickards appears as Felicity Smoak in the fifth episode of the season.[30]

text: Release[edit]

text: Broadcast[edit]

text: The season began airing on October 10, 2017, on The CW in the United States,[89] and on CTV in Canada.[90] Sky One acquired the rights to air the season in the UK & Ireland, airing it alongside the other Arrowverse shows. The season premiered October 17.[91][92]

text: Marketing[edit]

text: In July 2017, cast from the series appeared at San Diego Comic-Con International to promote the season, where exclusive footage was shown.[93] During the panel, a trailer for the season was shown, with James Whitbrook at io9 feeling that despite the "grim" tone, there was "some fun signs of the team coming together to protect the city without [Barry],... Sprinkle in a few wacky things, like, say a goddamn Samuroid ripped straight from the comics, and ladies and gents, you've got a good season of The Flash lined up."[94] Ben Pearson with /Film felt seeing Iris West deal with the absence of Barry was "a nice change of pace for that character", but anticipated that "Barry [would] be back two or three episodes in at the latest."[95] Collider.com's Allison Keene also noted Iris "getting an actual storyline" with Barry gone, and similarly presumed that he "[would] be back in the fold by the end of the first episode" alike to Flashpoint in the third season. She added, "There are some new foes, lots of action, plenty of tech — it's great!"[96]

text: Reception[edit]

text: Ratings[edit]

text:
No.
Title
Air date
Rating/share
(18–49)
Viewers
(millions)
DVR
(18–49)
DVR viewers
(millions)
Total
(18–49)
Total viewers
(millions)

1
"The Flash Reborn"
October 10, 2017
1.1/4
2.84[2]
0.7
1.92
1.8
4.77[97]

2
"Mixed Signals"
October 17, 2017
0.9/4
2.54[3]
0.8
1.82
1.7
4.36[98]

3
"Luck Be a Lady"
October 24, 2017
1.0/4
2.62[4]
0.8
1.84
1.8
4.46[99]

4
"Elongated Journey Into Night"
October 31, 2017
0.7/3
1.99[5]
0.7
1.79
1.4
3.79[100]

5
"Girls Night Out"
November 7, 2017
0.9/4
2.38[6]
0.8
1.84
1.7
4.22[101]

6
"When Harry Met Harry..."
November 14, 2017
1.0/4
2.46[7]
0.7
1.83
1.7
4.29[102]

7
"Therefore I Am"
November 21, 2017
0.8/3
2.20[8]
0.8
2.08
1.6
4.28[103]

8
"Crisis on Earth-X, Part 3"
November 28, 2017
1.0/4
2.82[9]
0.7
1.83
1.7
4.64[104]

9
"Don't Run"
December 5, 2017
0.8/3
2.22[10]
0.6
1.45
1.4
3.67[105]

10
"The Trial of The Flash"
January 16, 2018
0.8/3
2.51[11]
0.7
1.55
1.5
4.06[106]

11
"The Elongated Knight Rises"
January 23, 2018
0.7/3
2.12[12]
0.7
1.69
1.4
3.81[107]

12
"Honey, I Shrunk Team Flash"
January 30, 2018
0.9/3
2.60[13]
0.8
1.84
1.7
4.43[108]

13
"True Colors"
February 6, 2018
0.8/3
2.28[14]
0.9
2.00
1.7
4.28[109]

14
"Subject 9"
February 27, 2018
0.7/3
2.12[15]
0.8
1.86
1.5
3.98[110]

15
"Enter Flashtime"
March 6, 2018
0.7/3
2.04[16]
0.8
1.83
1.5
3.87[111]

16
"Run, Iris, Run"
March 13, 2018
0.7/3
2.09[17]
0.7
1.58
1.4
3.67[112]

text: Critical response[edit]

text: The review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes reported a 100% approval rating with an average rating of 7.36/10 based on 14 reviews. The website's consensus reads, "After an unsteady turn in season three, The Flash returns to its roots with a fourth season packed with humor, spectacle, and a whole lot of heart."[113]

text: Reviewing the first two episodes of the season, Allison Keene writing for Collider.com, felt the premiere "wipes the slate clean, fixing a lot of the issues that plagued the end of the last season, and setting up a much more toned-down storyline. Most importantly, it's brought back some fun." She added that with a "streamlined team," the core characters now have time to interact and have meaningful plot lines. On the second episode, Keene described it as "truly a delight" with the show taking "the time to focus on character relationships, and not just romantic relationships" and each character "feeling like a refreshed version of themselves, with new narrative purpose". She also highlighted the setup of the Thinker "as an Alchemy-like villain who manipulates evil metas into the Flash's path as part of some kind of masterplan", saying "The Flash is a series that truly works best as a procedural, with the team finding creative ways to bring down Villains of the Week."[114]

text: Accolades[edit]

text:
Year
Award
Category
Nominee(s)
Result
Ref.

2018
Kids' Choice Awards
Favorite TV Actor
Grant Gustin
Nominated
[115]

Favorite TV Show
The Flash
Nominated

Saturn Awards
Best Guest-Starring Performance on Television
Hartley Sawyer
Pending
[116]

Best Superhero Television Series
The Flash
Pending

Best Supporting Actress on a Television Series
Candice Patton
Pending


document_title: Neologism

question_text: an example of a neologism from the internet is

root

text: Neologism

text: Background[edit]

text: Neologisms are often created by combining existing words (see compound noun and adjective) or by giving words new and unique suffixes or prefixes. Portmanteaux are combined words that are sometimes used commonly. "Brunch" is an example of a portmanteau word (breakfast + lunch). Lewis Carroll's "snark" (snake + shark) is also a portmanteau. Neologisms also can be created through abbreviation or acronym, by intentionally rhyming with existing words or simply through playing with sounds.

tag: p

text: Neologisms can become popular through memetics, by way of mass media, the Internet, and word of mouth, including academic discourse in many fields renowned for their use of distinctive jargon, and often become accepted parts of the language. Other times, however, they disappear from common use just as readily as they appeared. Whether a neologism continues as part of the language depends on many factors, probably the most important of which is acceptance by the public. It is unusual, however, for a word to enter common use if it does not resemble another word or words in an identifiable way.

text: When a word or phrase is no longer "new", it is no longer a neologism. Neologisms may take decades to become "old", however. Opinions differ on exactly how old a word must be to cease being considered a neologism.

text: Sources[edit]

text: Popular examples of neologism can be found in science, fiction, branding, literature, linguistic and popular culture. Examples include laser (1960) from Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation, robotics (1941), agitprop (1930).

text: History and meaning[edit]

text: The term neologism is first attested in English in 1772, borrowed from French néologisme (1734).[3] A proponent of a new word or doctrine may be called a neologist.[citation needed] Neologists might[vague] study cultural and ethnic vernacular.

text: The term neologism has a broader meaning that includes not only "an entirely new lexical item" but also an existing word whose meaning has been altered.[4][5][6] Sometimes, the latter process is called semantic shifting,[4] or semantic extension.[7][8] Neologisms are distinct from a person's idiolect, one's unique patterns of vocabulary, grammar, and pronunciation.

text: Neologisms are usually introduced when an individual or individuals find that a specific notion is lacking a term in a language, or when the existing vocabulary is insufficiently detailed.[9] The law, governmental bodies, and technology have a relatively high frequency of acquiring neologisms.[10][11] Another trigger that motivates neologists and protologists to coin a nelogism is in order to disambiguate a previously existing term that may have been obscure or vague due to having multiple senses.[12]

text: Literature[edit]

text: This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (March 2013) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

tag: table

text: Neologisms may come from a word used in the narrative of a book. Examples include "grok" from Stranger in a Strange Land by Robert A. Heinlein; "McJob" from Generation X: Tales for an Accelerated Culture by Douglas Coupland; "cyberspace" from Neuromancer by William Gibson[13] and "quark" from James Joyce's Finnegans Wake.

text: The title of a book may become a neologism, for instance, Catch-22 (from the title of Joseph Heller's novel). Alternatively, the author's name may give rise to the neologism, although the term is sometimes based on only one work of that author. This includes such words as "Orwellian" (from George Orwell, referring to his novel Nineteen Eighty-Four) and "Kafkaesque" (from Franz Kafka).

text: Names of famous characters are another source of literary neologisms, e.g. quixotic (referring to the title character in Don Quixote de la Mancha by Cervantes), scrooge (from the main character in Dickens's A Christmas Carol) and pollyanna (from Eleanor H. Porter's book of the same name).

text: Popular culture[edit]

text: Culture and technology use are major drivers in neologism development.[14][15] Examples of recent pop-culture neologisms include Canadian "Snowmageddon", Russian "Monstration".

text: In these instances, words are used in small communities then spread through the use of social media. "Doggo-Lingo" specifically has spread primarily through Facebook group and Twitter account use.[16] The suspected origin of this way of referring to dogs stems from a Facebook group created in 2008 and gaining popularity in 2014 in Australia. The Facebook group called DogSpotting posts pictures of dogs that members have seen with amusing captions, often using Doggo-Lingo. In Australian English it is common to use diminutives, often ending in –o, which could be where doggo-lingo was first used.[16] The term has grown so that Merriam-Webster has acknowledged its use but notes the term needs to be found in published, edited work for a longer period of time before it can be deemed a new word making it the perfect example of a neologism.[16]

text: The use and over-use of brand names is another example of neologism creation. The terms "coke" or "cola" may be used in reference to any Coca-Cola like beverage regardless of brand. Kleenex is used in reference to any facial tissue. Xerox or xerox-ing is used in reference to any photocopier or action of photocopying.[17]

text: Neologisms can also originate entirely online from social media and other forms of internet media. An example of an online neologism from 2015 is "freebooting", a reinterpretation of an existing word, from the Hello Internet podcast.[18]

text: Translations[edit]

text: Because neologisms originate in one language, translations between languages can be difficult.

text: In the scientific community, where English is the predominate language for published research and studies, like-sounding translations (referred to as 'naturalization') are sometimes used.[19] Alternatively, the English word is used along with a brief explanation of meaning.[19]

text: When translating from English to other languages, the naturalization method is most often used.[20] The most common way that professional translators translate neologisms is through the Think aloud protocol (TAP), wherein translators find the most appropriate and natural sounding new word through speech.[21] This way, translators are able to use potential translated neologisms in sentences and test them with different structures and syntax. Correct translations from English for specific purposes into other languages is crucial in various industries and legal systems.[22][23] Inaccurate translations can lead to 'translation asymmetry' or conceptual misunderstandings which can lead to miscommunication.[23] Many technical glossaries of English translations exist to combat this issue in the medical, judicial, and technological fields.[24]

text: Other uses[edit]

text: In psychiatry, the term neologism is used as industry jargon to describe the use of words that have meaning only to the person who uses them, independent of their common meaning.[25]

text: Use of neologisms may also be related to aphasia acquired after brain damage resulting from a stroke or head injury.[26]

text: In theology, a neologism refers to a relatively new doctrine (for example, Transcendentalism).[27]


document_title: White Shepherd

question_text: what do you call a white german shepherd

text: White Shepherd

text: History[edit]

text: In German Shepherds the recessive gene for white coat hair was cast in the breed gene pool by the late 19th and early 20th century breeding program that developed and expanded the German Shepherd Dog breed in Germany. A white herding dog named Greif was the grandfather of Horand von Grafrath, the dog acknowledged as the foundation of all contemporary German Shepherd bloodlines.

text: Information provided in early books on the German Shepherd[1][2] make mention of Greif and other white German herding dogs, with upright ears and a general body description that resembles modern German Shepherd Dogs, shown in Europe as early as 1882. The early 20th century German Shepherd breeding program extensively line bred and inbred "color coat" dogs that carried Greif's recessive gene for "white coats" to refine and expand the population of early German Shepherd Dogs.[3] White coats were made a disqualification in the German Shepherd Dog Club of Germany breed standard in 1933 after the breed club came under the control of the German Nazi party that took over all aspects of German society in February 1933 when Hitler declared a state of emergency. The German breed standard remained unchanged as German breeders repopulated the breed in the years after the conclusion of WWII.

text: In 1959 the German Shepherd Dog Club of America (GSDCA) adopted the exclusively colored breed standard of the parent German breed club. White-coated German Shepherd Dogs were officially barred from competition in the American Kennel Club conformation ring in the United States starting in 1968. AKC-registered white German Shepherd Dogs may still compete in performance events.

text: During 1969, white dog fanciers in the United States and Canada formed their own "White German Shepherd" breed clubs, breeding and showing their dogs at small specialty dog shows throughout North America.

text: The White Shepherd Club of Canada (WSCC) has been dedicated to the promotion and preservation of the White Shepherd since 1971. Originally formed as a Chapter of the White German Shepherd Dog Club of America, the club was renamed White Shepherd Club of Canada in 1973. Its first conformation show was held that year with 8 dogs entered and 25 people in attendance.

text: In Canada, the Canadian Kennel Club (CKC) is incorporated under the Animal Pedigree Act, a federal statute under the auspices of the Ministry of Agriculture, which is the governing body that sets down recognition and standards for all pure animal breeds. For a long time, Agriculture Canada had protected white German Shepherds from the many attempts by the German Shepherd Dog Club of Canada to have white dogs disqualified from the CKC conformation ring, as had long been the case in the USA. Some brave members of WSCC had shown in the CKC breed rings and had even accumulated points toward their dogs' CKC Championships. That all changed in 1998, when the color white was officially disqualified from the CKC German Shepherd breed standard.

text: Disappointed but undeterred, the WSCC continues to work toward full breed recognition of the White Shepherd as a separate breed with the CKC. The club hosts shows several times a year, often in combination with the American White Shepherd Association. Event dates and locations are published in the club's newsletter and on its web site.

text: In September 1995, a small group of fanciers of the white-coated German Shepherd Dog established the American White Shepherd Association (AWSA), a new club to advance, promote and protect the White Shepherd breed in the United States. In cooperation with the White Shepherd Club of Canada, AWSA wrote and published a new breed standard, and eventually petitioned the American Kennel Club for full recognition as a unique pure breed, separate from and independent of the German Shepherd Dog. As of this writing,[when?] AKC has not granted recognition or registration for the White Shepherd breed, but the breeders, fanciers and members of AWSA carry on with independently-held club activities as well as running and maintaining the private club registry. AWSA continues to negotiate with the AKC for breed recognition as well as with the German Shepherd Dog Club of America (GSDCA) for breed separation. Until such time as GSDCA can be persuaded to grant official release of the white dogs, AKC must continue to register all white German Shepherd Dogs born from two AKC-registered German Shepherd parents as German Shepherd Dogs.

text: In 1999, a group of AWSA members organized and established the United White Shepherd Club (UWSC) as a United Kennel Club affiliated parent club. They immediately petitioned for a new White Shepherd breed classification within UKC. The United Kennel Club accepted the UWSC's petition and created a new and separate White Shepherd breed conformation standard and registry. The White Shepherd breed was officially recognized by UKC on April 14, 1999. Today, United Kennel Club recognizes both the White Shepherd breed standard as well as the original German Shepherd Dog breed conformation standard where white and colored dogs continue to be considered together as one breed.

text: Neither UKC- nor AWSA-registered White Shepherds can be registered as FCI White Swiss Shepherd Dogs (Berger Blanc Suisse). Breed clubs associated with each of these unique breed lines maintain their own breed standards for appearance and temperament. The breed "appearance" standard given below is appropriate to the UKC-registered White Shepherd Dog and, with a few very minor changes - mostly in wording and layout - to the written standard of the AWSA club as well.

text: No matter which country they hail from, White Shepherds excel in performance events such as competition obedience and rally obedience, tracking, flyball and agility.[citation needed] Many fine dogs have also earned titles in herding, proving that the herding instinct and ability has been retained in this versatile breed.

text: Appearance[edit]

text: The White Shepherd is a direct descendant of the German Shepherd Dog and the two breeds share common roots and are similar in appearance. However, the White Shepherd evolved from a continuous selection for a working companion dog with that exclusive color, beauty and elegance as seen both standing and in motion. Its high degree of intelligence and sense of loyalty have allowed it to become one of the most versatile working dogs (as well as pets) in existence.[4]

text: The White Shepherd, as recognized by UKC, is a medium-sized, well-balanced, muscular dog, slightly longer than tall, with a medium length, pure white coat, erect ears, and a low-set natural tail that normally reaches to the hock and is carried in a slight curve like a saber. The White Shepherd is solid without bulkiness and should be shown in lean, hard physical condition. The outline of the White Shepherd is made up of smooth curves rather than angles. When trotting, the White Shepherd moves with a long, efficient stride that is driven by a powerful forward thrust from the hindquarters. The rear leg, moving forward, swings under the foreleg and touches down in the place where the forefoot left an imprint. Sex differences are readily apparent. The male breeds frame is often much larger than its female counterpart.

text: The White Shepherd should be evaluated as an all-around working dog, and exaggerations or faults should be penalized in proportion to how much they deviate from breed type and how much they interfere with the dog's ability to work.

text: The head is proportional to the size of the dog. Males appear masculine without coarseness, and females feminine without being overly fine. The skull and muzzle are of equal length, parallel to one another, and joined at a moderate stop. There is little or no median furrow.

text: The White Shepherd has a weather-resistant double coat. The outer coat is dense, straight, harsh, and close lying. The undercoat is short, thick, and fine in texture. At the neck, the coat may be slightly longer and heavier, particularly in males. Ideal coat color is a pure white. Colors ranging from a very light cream to a light biscuit tan are acceptable but not preferred. It is a disqualification for dogs to have noses not predominantly black. The tail is set on low in a natural extension of the sloping croup. The tail extends at least to the hock joint and usually below. The appearance standard for United Kennel Club registered dogs is very similar to but not exactly the same as for other separate breed lines such as the AWSA-registered White Shepherd or the FCI internationally recognized Berger Blanc Suisse (White Swiss Shepherd Dog). While all of the existing breed lines have a common genetic heritage with the white-coated members of the German Shepherd Dog breed, they are each separately registered with their respective clubs or registries which also maintain the individual breed appearance standards.

text: Temperament[edit]

text: The White Shepherd has a distinct personality marked by self-confidence. The breed is poised, but when the situation demands, they are eager, alert and ready to serve in any capacity. White Shepherds demonstrate both herding and protective instincts. With those he/she knows, the White Shepherd is open and friendly. With strangers, she/he is observant and may be somewhat aloof but not apprehensive. They enjoy running, playing fetch or any activity with their human family. This is a joyful, active, intelligent and easy to train working dog with the ability to adapt and integrate to all kinds of social events and situations. Timidity in a mature dog or aggressive behavior is not typical of this breed. White Shepherds are very loyal and tend to be especially protective of the young of various species. With their playful and curious personalities, they make wonderful companions although some do have the tendency toward being quite vocal by exhibiting whining, grunting, moaning and sometimes howling.[citation needed]

text: Activities[edit]

text: The White Shepherd can compete in dog agility trials, obedience, Rally obedience, Schutzhund, showmanship, flyball, tracking, and herding events. Herding instincts and trainability can be measured at noncompetitive herding tests. White Shepherds that exhibit basic herding instincts can be trained to compete in herding trials.[5]

text: Genetics[edit]

text: There are many misconceptions about white-coat German Shepherd Dogs and the gene that expresses for their coat color. Clarence C. Little's The Inheritance of Coat Color in Dogs hypothesized that dilution or partial albinism ce, ca and cch alleles of the so-called (C) gene caused the cream and white coat color variants in domestic dogs. Little's hypothesized partial albinism explanation for cream and white colored coats has been applied across most domestic dog breeds, including white coat dogs from German Shepherd breed lines, since Little first published his book.

text: However, comparative analysis of the dog genome and specific breed DNA sequences now shows that Little's hypothesized gene (C) color dilution explanation for cream and white colored coats is most likely not a relevant determinant of cream and white coats known to commonly occur in many dog breeds. Little's 1957-era partial albinism dilution explanation, as applied to explain domestic dog white and cream coat colors, can be replaced by the findings of modern genetic research.

text: Research has shown that a recessive e allele at the Extension (E) gene is at least partially responsible for cream and white coat color. The (E) gene, now identified as the Melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) gene, is one of the two genes known to code for alleles that are absolutely fundamental to the formation of all German Shepherd Dog colored coat variations. When the recessive allele is inherited from each breeding pair parent, the e/e genotype offspring of certain breeds, including white coat dogs from German Shepherd breed lines, always have cream or white colored coats.[6][7]

text: White Shepherds were once blamed for color dilution or paling for the entire breed because the recessive e allele of the MC1R (E) gene locus masks expression of alleles at other gene loci that actually do code for lighter (often termed as diluted or pale) colors of silver, black and tan or liver. German breeders of the 1920s and 1930s misinterpreted pale-colored offspring of white dogs as an undesirable "white" genetic trait. A homozygous dog of normal color paired with a white GSD always produces full colored puppies because the e allele is recessive.


document_title: Steve Miller Band Live!

question_text: steve miller band steve miller band live songs

text: Steve Miller Band Live!

text:
Steve Miller Band Live!
Live album by Steve Miller BandReleased
April 1983Recorded
September 25, 1982Venue
Pine Knob Amphitheater, Clarkston, MichiganGenre
RockLength
38:48Label
CapitolProducer
Steve MillerSteve Miller Band chronology

Abracadabra(1982)

Steve Miller Band Live!(1983)

Italian X Rays(1984)

text: Steve Miller Band Live! is a 1983 live album by the Steve Miller Band. Recorded live at the Pine Knob Amphitheater, Clarkston, MI on September 25, 1982.

text: Track listing[edit]

text:
"Gangster of Love" – 2:56
"Rock 'N Me" – 4:08
"Living in the U.S.A." – 3:26
"Fly Like an Eagle" – 3:31
"Jungle Love" – 3:44
"The Joker" – 2:59
"Mercury Blues" – 5:24
"Take the Money and Run" – 3:53
"Abracadabra" – 3:42
"Jet Airliner" – 5:05

tag: ol

text: Personnel[edit]

text:
Steve Miller – vocals, guitar
John Massaro – guitar
Kenny Lee Lewis – guitar
Norton Buffalo – harmonica
Byron Allred – keyboards
Gerald Johnson – bass guitar
Gary Mallaber – drums, percussion, keyboards

tag: ul

text:
hidevteSteve Miller Band
Steve Miller
Kenny Lee Lewis
Gordy Knudtson
Joseph Wooten
Jacob Peterson
Norton Buffalo
Tim Davis
Boz Scaggs
Lonnie Turner
James Cooke
Lance Haas
Jim Peterman
Glyn Johns
Ben Sidran
Nicky Hopkins
Bobby Winkelman
Charlie McCoy
Jack King
Ross Valory
Gerald Johnson
Dick Thompson
Jim Keltner
Roger Allen Clark
Gary Mallaber
Nick DeCaro
John King
David Denny
Greg Douglass
Byron Allred
John Massaro
Billy Peterson
Ricky Peterson
Bob Malach
Leo Sidran
Jay Bird Koder
Joey Heinemann
Sonny Charles
Studio albums
Children of the Future
Sailor
Brave New World
Your Saving Grace
Number 5
Rock Love
Recall the Beginning...A Journey from Eden
The Joker
Fly Like an Eagle
Book of Dreams
Circle of Love
Abracadabra
Italian X Rays
Living in the 20th Century
Born 2 B Blue (Steve Miller solo album)
Wide River
Bingo!
Let Your Hair Down
Live albums
Live at the Fillmore Auditorium
Steve Miller Band Live!
Compilations
Anthology
Living in the U.S.A.
Greatest Hits 1974–78
The Very Best of the Steve Miller Band
Young Hearts
Singles
"The Joker"
"Take the Money and Run"
"Rock'n Me"
"Fly Like an Eagle"
"Jet Airliner"
"Jungle Love"
"Swingtown"
"Abracadabra"
"I Want to Make the World Turn Around"
Songs
"Mercury Blues"
"You Send Me"
"Gangster of Love"
Related articles
Discography
 Book:Steve Miller Band

text: Steve Miller Band albums1983 live albumsCapitol Records live albums

text: Articles with hAudio microformats


document_title: List of FIFA World Cup hat-tricks

question_text: who scored the first hattrick in the world cup

text: List of FIFA World Cup hat-tricks

text: List[edit]

text:
Key

Player's team lost the match

Player's team drew the match

text:
FIFA World Cup hat-tricks

#

G

Player

Time of goals

For

Goals

Result

Against

Tournament

Round

Date

FIFAreport

7000100000000000000♠1.

Bert Patenaude

7001100000000000000♠10', 15', 50'

 United States

1–0, 2–0, 3–0

 3–0

 Paraguay

1930, Uruguay

Group stage

17 July 1930

report

7000200000000000000♠2.

Guillermo Stábile

7000800000000000000♠8', 17', 80'

 Argentina

1–0, 3–0, 6–3

 6–3

 Mexico

19 July 1930

report

7000300000000000000♠3.

Pedro Cea

7001180000000000000♠18', 67', 72'

 Uruguay

1–1, 5–1, 6–1

 6–1

 Yugoslavia

Semi-finals

27 July 1930

report

7000400000000000000♠4.

Angelo Schiavio

7001180000000000000♠18', 29', 64'

 Italy

1–0, 3–0, 5–1

 7–1

 United States

1934, Italy

First round

27 May 1934

report

7000500000000000000♠5.

Edmund Conen

7001660000000000000♠66', 70', 87'

 Germany

3–2, 4–2, 5–2

 5–2

 Belgium

report

7000600000000000000♠6.

Oldřich Nejedlý

7001190000000000000♠19', 71', 80'

 Czechoslovakia

1–0, 2–1, 3–1

 3–1

 Germany

Semi-finals

3 June 1934

report

7000700000000000000♠7.

4

Ernst Wilimowski

7001530000000000000♠53', 59', 89', 118'

 Poland

2–3, 3–3, 4–4, 5–6

5–6 aet

 Brazil

1938, France

First round

5 June 1938

report

7000800000000000000♠8.

Leônidas

7001180000000000000♠18', 93', 104'

 Brazil

1–0, 5–4, 6–4

 6–5 aet

 Poland

7000900000000000000♠9.

Gustav Wetterström

7001320000000000000♠32', 37', 44'

 Sweden

2–0, 3–0, 4–0

 8–0

 Cuba

Quarter-finals

12 June 1938

report

7001100000000000000♠10.

Harry Andersson

7000900000000000000♠9', 81', 89'

 Sweden

1–0, 6–0, 8–0

 8–0

 Cuba

7001110000000000000♠11.

Óscar Míguez

7001140000000000000♠14', 45', 56'

 Uruguay

1–0, 4–0, 5–0

 8–0

 Bolivia

1950, Brazil

Group stage

2 July 1950

report

7001120000000000000♠12.

4

Ademir

7001170000000000000♠17', 36', 52', 58'

 Brazil

1–0, 2–0, 4–0, 5–0

 7–1

 Sweden

Final round

9 July 1950

report

7001130000000000000♠13.

Sándor Kocsis

7001240000000000000♠24', 36', 50'

 Hungary

3–0, 4–0, 5–0

 9–0

 South Korea

1954, Switzerland

Group stage

17 June 1954

report

7001140000000000000♠14.

Erich Probst

7000400000000000000♠4', 21', 24'

 Austria

2–0, 3–0, 4–0

 5–0

 Czechoslovakia

19 June 1954

report

7001150000000000000♠15.

Carlos Borges

7001170000000000000♠17', 47', 57'

 Uruguay

1–0, 3–0, 5–0

 7–0

 Scotland

report

7001160000000000000♠16.

4

Sándor Kocsis (II)

7000300000000000000♠3', 21', 67', 78'

 Hungary

1–0, 3–0, 6–1, 8–2

 8–3

 West Germany

20 June 1954

report

7001170000000000000♠17.

Burhan Sargın

7001370000000000000♠37', 64', 70'

 Turkey

4–0, 5–0, 6–0

 7–0

 South Korea

report

7001180000000000000♠18.

Max Morlock

7001300000000000000♠30', 60', 77'

 West Germany

3–1, 4–1, 6–1

 7–2

 Turkey

23 June 1954

report

7001190000000000000♠19.

Theodor Wagner

7001250000000000000♠25', 27', 53'

 Austria

1–3, 3–3, 6–4

 7–5

  Switzerland

Quarter-finals

26 June 1954

report

7001200000000000000♠20.

Josef Hügi

7001170000000000000♠17', 19', 58'

  Switzerland

2–0, 3–0, 5–6

5–7

 Austria

7001210000000000000♠21.

Just Fontaine

7001240000000000000♠24', 30', 67'

 France

1–1, 2–1, 5–3

 7–3

 Paraguay

1958, Sweden

Group stage

8 June 1958

report

7001220000000000000♠22.

Pelé

7001520000000000000♠52', 64', 75'

 Brazil

3–1, 4–1, 5–1

 5–2

 France

Semi-finals

24 June 1958

report

7001230000000000000♠23.

4

Just Fontaine (II)

7001160000000000000♠16', 36', 78', 89'

 France

1–0, 3–1, 4–1, 6–3

 6–3

 West Germany

3rd place match

28 June 1958

report

7001240000000000000♠24.

Flórián Albert

7000100000000000000♠1', 6', 53'

 Hungary

1–0, 2–0, 5–0

 6–1

 Bulgaria

1962, Chile

Group stage

3 June 1962

report

7001250000000000000♠25.

4

Eusébio

7001270000000000000♠27', 43' (p), 56', 59' (p)

 Portugal

1–3, 2–3, 3–3, 4–3

 5–3

 North Korea

1966, England

Quarter-finals

23 July 1966

report

7001260000000000000♠26.

Geoff Hurst

7001180000000000000♠18', 98', 120'

 England

1–1, 3–2, 4–2

 4–2 aet

 West Germany

Final

30 July 1966

report

7001270000000000000♠27.

Gerd Müller

7001270000000000000♠27', 52' (p), 88'

 West Germany

2–1, 3–1, 5–1

 5–2

 Bulgaria

1970, Mexico

Group stage

7 June 1970

report

7001280000000000000♠28.

Gerd Müller (II)

7001190000000000000♠19', 26', 39'

 West Germany

1–0, 2–0, 3–0

 3–1

 Peru

10 June 1970

report

7001290000000000000♠29.

Dušan Bajević

7000800000000000000♠8', 30', 81'

 Yugoslavia

1–0, 5–0, 9–0

 9–0

 Zaire

1974, West Germany

Group stage

18 June 1974

report

7001300000000000000♠30.

Andrzej Szarmach

7001300000000000000♠30', 34', 50'

 Poland

3–0, 5–0, 6–0

 7–0

 Haiti

19 June 1974

report

7001310000000000000♠31.

Rob Rensenbrink

7001400000000000000♠40' (p), 62', 79' (p)

 Netherlands

1–0, 2–0, 3–0

 3–0

 Iran

1978, Argentina

Group stage

3 June 1978

report

7001320000000000000♠32.

Teófilo Cubillas

7001360000000000000♠36' (p), 39' (p), 79'

 Peru

2–0, 3–0, 4–1

 4–1

 Iran

11 June 1978

report

7001330000000000000♠33.

László Kiss

7001690000000000000♠69', 72', 76'

 Hungary

6–1, 8–1, 9–1

 10–1

 El Salvador

1982, Spain

Group stage

15 June 1982

report

7001340000000000000♠34.

Karl-Heinz Rummenigge

7000900000000000000♠9', 57', 66'

 West Germany

1–0, 2–0, 3–0

 4–1

 Chile

20 June 1982

report

7001350000000000000♠35.

Zbigniew Boniek

7000400000000000000♠4', 26', 53'

 Poland

1–0, 2–0, 3–0

 3–0

 Belgium

Second round

28 June 1982

report

7001360000000000000♠36.

Paolo Rossi

7000500000000000000♠5', 25', 74'

 Italy

1–0, 2–1, 3–2

 3–2

 Brazil

5 July 1982

report

7001370000000000000♠37.

Preben Elkjær

7001110000000000000♠11', 67', 80'

 Denmark

1–0, 4–1, 5–1

 6–1

 Uruguay

1986, Mexico

Group stage

8 June 1986

report

7001380000000000000♠38.

Gary Lineker

7000900000000000000♠9', 14', 34'

 England

1–0, 2–0, 3–0

 3–0

 Poland

11 June 1986

report

7001390000000000000♠39.

Igor Belanov

7001270000000000000♠27', 70', 111' (p)

 Soviet Union

1–0, 2–1, 3–4

3–4 aet

 Belgium

Round of 16

15 June 1986

report

7001400000000000000♠40.

4

Emilio Butragueño

7001430000000000000♠43', 56', 80', 88' (p)

 Spain

1–1, 2–1, 4–1, 5–1

 5–1

 Denmark

18 June 1986

report

7001410000000000000♠41.

Míchel

7001220000000000000♠22', 61', 81'

 Spain

1–0, 2–1, 3–1

 3–1

 South Korea

1990, Italy

Group stage

17 June 1990

report

7001420000000000000♠42.

Tomáš Skuhravý

7001120000000000000♠12', 63', 82'

 Czechoslovakia

1–0, 2–1, 4–1

 4–1

 Costa Rica

Round of 16

23 June 1990

report

7001430000000000000♠43.

Gabriel Batistuta

7000200000000000000♠2', 44', 89' (p)

 Argentina

1–0, 2–0, 4–0

 4–0

 Greece

1994, United States

Group stage

21 June 1994

report

7001440000000000000♠44.

5

Oleg Salenko

7001140000000000000♠14', 41', 44' (p), 72', 75'

 Russia

1–0, 2–0, 3–0, 4–1, 5–1

 6–1

 Cameroon

28 June 1994

report

7001450000000000000♠45.

Gabriel Batistuta (II)

7001730000000000000♠73', 78', 83' (p)

 Argentina

3–0, 4–0, 5–0

 5–0

 Jamaica

1998, France

Group stage

21 June 1998

report

7001460000000000000♠46.

Miroslav Klose

7001200000000000000♠20', 25', 70'

 Germany

1–0, 2–0, 5–0

 8–0

 Saudi Arabia

2002, South Korea & Japan

Group stage

1 June 2002

report

7001470000000000000♠47.

Pauleta

7001140000000000000♠14', 65', 77'

 Portugal

1–0, 2–0, 3–0

 4–0

 Poland

10 June 2002

report

7001480000000000000♠48.

Gonzalo Higuaín

7001330000000000000♠33', 76', 80'

 Argentina

2–0, 3–1, 4–1

 4–1

 South Korea

2010, South Africa

Group stage

17 June 2010

report

7001490000000000000♠49.

Thomas Müller

7001120000000000000♠12' (p), 45', 78'

 Germany

1–0, 3–0, 4–0

 4–0

 Portugal

2014, Brazil

Group stage

16 June 2014

report

7001500000000000000♠50.

Xherdan Shaqiri

7000600000000000000♠6', 31', 71'

  Switzerland

1–0, 2–0, 3–0

 3–0

 Honduras

25 June 2014

report

7001510000000000000♠51.

Cristiano Ronaldo

7000400000000000000♠4' (p), 44', 88'

 Portugal

1–0, 2–1, 3–3

3–3

 Spain

2018, Russia

Group stage

15 June 2018

report

7001520000000000000♠52.

Harry Kane

7001220000000000000♠22' (p), 7001010450004500045♠45+1' (p), 62'

 England

2–0, 5–0, 6–0

 6–1

 Panama

24 June 2018

text: Notable World Cup hat-tricks[edit]

text:
Bert Patenaude was the first player to score a hat-trick in a World Cup match, on 17 July 1930 against Paraguay. However, until 10 November 2006 the first hat-trick that FIFA acknowledged had been scored by Guillermo Stábile of Argentina, two days after Patenaude. In 2006 FIFA announced that Patenaude's claim to being the first hat-trick scorer was valid, as teammate Tom Florie's goal in the match against Paraguay was reattributed to him.[1]
Four players have scored two hat-tricks in World Cup matches: Sándor Kocsis (both 1954); Just Fontaine (both 1958); Gerd Müller (both 1970); and Gabriel Batistuta (1994 and 1998).[2] Batistuta is thus the only person to score hat-tricks in two World Cups. He has another unique record of scoring hat-tricks, both were achieved on 21 June of the year, against World Cup finals debutants (Greece and Jamaica), and each time the third goal was a penalty.[3] Kocsis and Müller scored their hat-tricks in consecutive matches.
Oleg Salenko is the only player in World Cup history to have scored five goals in a single match. He did this during the 1994 FIFA World Cup match between Russia and Cameroon.[4]
One player has scored a hat-trick on his international début: Guillermo Stábile (1930).[5]
One player has scored four goals for the losing side: Ernest Wilimowski (5–6, 1938).[6]
Two players have scored a hat-trick for the losing side: Josef Hügi (5–7, 1954); and Igor Belanov (3–4, 1986).
There have been three occasions when two hat-tricks have been scored in the same match. Two occurred during the 1938 FIFA World Cup: when Sweden defeated Cuba, Gustav Wetterström and Harry Andersson, both playing for Sweden, scored three goals, with the former completing his in the first half. In the Brazil vs Poland, Leônidas did it for Brazil and Ernest Wilimowski for Poland. One occurred in 1954: when Austria defeated Switzerland, Theodor Wagner and Josef Hügi scored hat-tricks for Austria and Switzerland respectively.
Only one man has scored a hat-trick in a World Cup Final. Geoff Hurst scored three for England against West Germany in the 1966 Final.[2][7] This is also the longest hat-trick to be completed — most time between the first and third goals. His first goal came at 10', while the second goals were in extra time at 98' and 120'.
The quickest hat-trick is Erich Probst, who scored at 4', 21', and 24' in 1954, playing for Austria against Czechoslovakia in the first round.
The briefest hat-trick to be completed — that is, the shortest time between the first and third goals — is the one by László Kiss in 1982 against El Salvador. He scored at 69', 72', and 76', making the time between his first and third 7 minutes. This is also the only hat-trick scored by a substitute.
The only players to have scored from three headers in a single match are Tomáš Skuhravý in 1990 and Miroslav Klose in 2002.[2]
The youngest player to score a hat-trick is Pelé, at 17 years, 244 days.
The oldest player to score a hat-trick is Cristiano Ronaldo, at 33 years, 130 days.[8]
Germany (incl. West Germany) holds the record for most hat-tricks scored with 7. Germany also shares with South Korea the record for most hat-tricks conceded with 4.


document_title: Truth or Consequences, New Mexico

question_text: where did truth or consequences nm get its name

text: Truth or Consequences, New Mexico

text: History[edit]

text: The first bath in the area was built at "John Cross Ranch" over Geronimo Springs in the late 1800s. However, major settlement did not begin until the construction of Elephant Butte Dam and Reservoir in 1912; the dam was completed in 1916. Elephant Butte Dam was a part of the Rio Grande Project, an early large-scale irrigation effort authorized under the Reclamation Act of 1902. In 1916, the town was incorporated as Hot Springs. It became the Sierra County seat in 1937.[4]

text: Originally named Hot Springs, the city changed its name to "Truth or Consequences", the title of a popular NBC Radio program. In March 1950, Ralph Edwards, the host of the radio quiz show Truth or Consequences, announced that he would air the program on its 10th anniversary from the first town that renamed itself after the show; Hot Springs won the honor, officially changing its name on March 31, 1950 (the program broadcast from there the following evening, April 1). Edwards visited the town during the first weekend of May for the next 50 years. This event was called "Fiesta" and included a beauty contest, a parade, and a stage show. The city still celebrates Fiesta each year during the first weekend of May. The parade generally features area celebrities such as the Hatch Chile Queen. Fiesta also features a dance in Ralph Edwards Park.[citation needed]

text: Geography[edit]

text: According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 12.8 square miles (33 km2), of which 12.6 square miles (33 km2) is land and 0.1 square miles (0.26 km2) (0.86%) is water.

text: The city is located on the Rio Grande, near Elephant Butte Reservoir. The city is served by the Truth or Consequences Municipal Airport, Interstate 25, I-25 Business, New Mexico State Road 51 (NM 51), NM 181 and NM 187.

text: Climate[edit]

text: Truth or Consequences has a cool desert climate (Köppen BWk) with three main seasons. The summer season from April to June is very dry and generally hot with large diurnal temperature variation, giving way in July to the monsoon season which remains very hot – and is more uncomfortable due to the hotter nights – but is much more humid and rainfall from thunderstorms is frequent. The winter season from October to March has pleasantly mild and sunny days and cold to very cold nights, with very occasional rainfall from extratropical cyclones.

text: On average over the year 88.6 days top 90 °F or 32.2 °C, 12.9 days top 100 °F or 37.8 °C, and 91.1 nights fall below 32 °F or 0 °C. Temperatures have fallen below 0 °F or −17.8 °C only twice since 1951, during 1987 and 2011, with the record low being −6 °F (−21.1 °C) on February 3, 2011. The lowest maximum temperature on record has been 20 °F (−6.7 °C) on December 25, 1987, but during most years every single day will top freezing and on average only 19.5 days fail to top 50 °F or 10 °C. The hottest temperature on record is 112 °F (44.4 °C) on June 27, 1994, though minima virtually never stay above 75 °F (23.9 °C) due to the low humidity and hot sun, and only eighteen nights remain above 68 °F or 20 °C during an average year.

text: Precipitation is generally scarce apart from monsoonal storms. The wettest month on record has been July 2010 with 6.66 inches or 169.2 millimetres, but totals above 4.00 inches or 101.6 millimetres are confined to the monsoon season apart from an anomaly on December 1991 when three major subtropical cyclones brought 4.94 inches (125.5 mm). 1991 was also the wettest full calendar year with 17.04 inches or 432.8 millimetres. Snowfall is extremely rare, with a median of zero and mean of 5.0 inches or 0.13 metres; the heaviest snow known in Truth or Consequences is the 17.9 inches or 0.45 metres that fell during the record cold spell of Christmas 1987.

text:
[hide]Climate data for Truth or Consequences, New Mexico (1981-2010; extremes since 1951)

Month
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Year

Record high °F (°C)
77
(25)
84
(29)
91
(33)
96
(36)
105
(41)
112
(44)
108
(42)
105
(41)
102
(39)
93
(34)
86
(30)
77
(25)
112
(44)

Average high °F (°C)
56.7
(13.7)
62.5
(16.9)
69.0
(20.6)
77.5
(25.3)
86.6
(30.3)
95.4
(35.2)
95.4
(35.2)
92.3
(33.5)
87.4
(30.8)
77.1
(25.1)
65.3
(18.5)
55.4
(13)
76.7
(24.8)

Daily mean °F (°C)
42.0
(5.6)
47.0
(8.3)
53.1
(11.7)
61.0
(16.1)
70.4
(21.3)
78.9
(26.1)
81.2
(27.3)
78.7
(25.9)
72.9
(22.7)
62.0
(16.7)
50.0
(10)
41.4
(5.2)
61.6
(16.4)

Average low °F (°C)
27.4
(−2.6)
31.6
(−0.2)
37.3
(2.9)
44.5
(6.9)
54.1
(12.3)
62.5
(16.9)
67.0
(19.4)
65.1
(18.4)
58.4
(14.7)
46.8
(8.2)
34.6
(1.4)
27.3
(−2.6)
46.5
(8.1)

Record low °F (°C)
6
(−14)
−6
(−21)
12
(−11)
20
(−7)
34
(1)
47
(8)
52
(11)
48
(9)
43
(6)
23
(−5)
14
(−10)
−4
(−20)
−6
(−21)

Average rainfall inches (mm)
0.45
(11.4)
0.37
(9.4)
0.33
(8.4)
0.23
(5.8)
0.36
(9.1)
0.84
(21.3)
2.04
(51.8)
2.10
(53.3)
1.62
(41.1)
1.21
(30.7)
0.60
(15.2)
0.65
(16.5)
10.93
(277.6)

Average rainy days (≥ 0.01 inch)
1.5
2.2
2.1
1.6
2.9
3.9
7.5
7.7
6.1
5.2
3.4
3.8
47.9

Source #1: Western Regional climate center (WRCC) "1981-2010 – TRUTH OR CONSEQUENCES, NM".

Source #2: National Weather Service El Paso, Texas[5]

text: Hot springs[edit]

text: Truth or Consequences hosts several local hot springs. The combined flow of the hot springs complex in Truth or Consequences is estimated at 99 liters (3.5 cu ft) per second.[4]

text: Before World War II, there were about 40 hot springs spas in Truth or Consequences. By 2008, the Hot Springs Association in Truth or Consequences had 10 spa facilities as members. Five of those obtained their water from wells, and La Paloma Hot Springs & Spa (formerly Marshall Hot Springs), Riverbend Hot Springs, Indian Springs Bath House, Artesian Bath house and Hay-Yo-Kay Hot Springs are from free flowing hot springs.[6]

text: The New Mexico Department of Energy, Minerals, and Natural Resources created two demonstration projects using geothermal energy in Truth or Consequences in the 1980s. The Carrie Tingley Hospital for children with physical disabilities, which has since moved to Albuquerque, used the state money to create a physical therapy program. The local Senior Citizen's Center benefits from a geothermal space heating system.[citation needed]

text: Demographics[edit]

text:
Historical population

Census
Pop.

%±

1920
455

—

1930
1,336

193.6%

1940
2,940

120.1%

1950
4,700

59.9%

1960
5,000

6.4%

1970
4,656

−6.9%

1980
5,219

12.1%

1990
6,221

19.2%

2000
7,289

17.2%

2010
6,475

−11.2%

Est. 2016
6,023
[1]
−7.0%

U.S. Decennial Census
2011 estimate

text: As of the census of 2000, there were 7,289 people, 3,450 households, and 1,859 families residing in the city. The population density was 576.0 people per square mile (222.5/km²). There were 4,445 housing units at an average density of 351.3 per square mile (135.7/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 85.35% White, 0.63% African American, 1.77% Native American, 0.16% Asian, 0.05% Pacific Islander, 9.36% from other races, and 2.68% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 27.4% of the population.

text: There were 3,450 households out of which 20.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 40.5% were married couples living together, 10.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 46.1% were non-families. 41.2% of all households were made up of individuals and 22.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.04 and the average family size was 2.75.

text: In the city, the population was spread out with 20.2% under the age of 18, 5.7% from 18 to 24, 20.1% from 25 to 44, 24.6% from 45 to 64, and 29.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 48 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.4 males.

text: The median income for a household in the city was $20,986, and the median income for a family was $28,750. Males had a median income of $23,214 versus $18,207 for females. The per capita income for the city was $14,415. About 15.6% of families and 23.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 33.3% of those under age 18 and 18.1% of those age 65 or over.

text: In popular culture[edit]

text:
The plot of an episode of Doctor Who entitled "The Zygon Invasion" is set in Truth or Consequences.[7]
Cactus Jack, one of the alter egos of professional wrestler Mick Foley, was billed as being from Truth or Consequences.[8]
The limited-time zombie event, Outbreak, part of Operation Chimera in the video game Tom Clancy's Rainbow Six Siege takes place in Truth or Consequences, which is under apocalypse. [9]

text: New Mexico portal


document_title: (I'm Not Your) Steppin' Stone

question_text: who wrote the song i'm not your stepping stone

question_tokens: who wrote the song i 'm not your stepping stone

text: (I'm Not Your) Steppin' Stone

text: This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (February 2011) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

text:
"(I'm Not Your) Steppin' Stone"

Song by Paul Revere & The Raiders

from the album Midnight Ride

Genre
Rock

Songwriter(s)
Tommy Boyce and Bobby Hart

Producer(s)
Terry Melcher

text: "(I'm Not Your) Steppin' Stone" is a rock song written by Tommy Boyce and Bobby Hart. It was first recorded by Paul Revere & the Raiders and appeared on their album Midnight Ride, released in May 1966.

text: The song is simple musically, with a repeating verse chord progression of E major, G major, A major, and C major, and a repeating bridge in cut time of E major, G major, A major, and G major.

text: Monkees version[edit]

text:
"(I'm Not Your) Steppin' Stone"

US single cover

Single by The Monkees

from the album More of the Monkees

A-side
"I'm a Believer"

Released
12 November 1966

Format
7"

Recorded
26 July 1966
Western Recorders Studio #1
Hollywood, CA

Genre

Garage rock[1]
proto-punk[1]

Length
2:23

Label
Colgems

Songwriter(s)

Tommy Boyce
Bobby Hart

Producer(s)

Tommy Boyce
Bobby Hart

The Monkees singles chronology

"Last Train to Clarksville"
(1966)
"(I'm Not Your) Steppin' Stone"
(1966)
"A Little Bit Me, a Little Bit You"
(1967)

"Last Train to Clarksville"
(1966)
"I'm a Believer"
(1966)
"A Little Bit Me, a Little Bit You"
(1967)

text: It is best known as a hit for The Monkees (US #20), released in November 1966, (making it the first Monkees B-side to chart).[2] Musicians featured on the Monkees recording are: Micky Dolenz (lead vocal); Tommy Boyce (backing vocal); Wayne Erwin, Gerry McGee, and Louie Shelton (guitar); Bobby Hart (organ); Larry Taylor (bass); Billy Lewis (drums); and Henry Lewy (percussion).

text: The various Monkees' versions differ across the single, stereo album, and mono album versions. In the stereo version, the track's title is sung just before the second verse, whereas on the single and mono album versions, this segment is left instrumental. Additionally, the stereo version has an edit in the fade out. The mono album version does not have this edit and therefore has a longer coda. The single also does not have the edit, but it fades the song earlier than the mono album. All Monkees' hits compilations through the mid-1980s used the stereo version, and afterward typically used the single version.

text: Other versions[edit]

text: The song has been covered by many artists, such as the Liverpool Five, Sex Pistols, Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers, Vicious White Kids, Johnny Thunders, The Merton Parkas, Blutgräfin, Minor Threat, Denny Darrison & the Heavy Bertations, State of Alert, The Flies, The Farm, The Catalina Scramblers, The Feminine Complex, DS-13, Denki-Groove, Six Feet Under, The Trashmen, Intruder, The Untouchables, Hi-NRG act Modern Rocketry, Hot Nasties, Per Gessle, Les Thugs, Fang, The W.C. Fields Memorial Electric String Band, The Pivots, Deadlok, The Rebounds, Barbi and the Kens, the Argentinian band Massacre, The Flares, and the UK band Scholars. It was also a hit for Modern Rocketry in 1983, #7 on the U.S. Disco/Dance/House Charts as well as PJ & Duncan in 1996, when it reached number #11 on the UK Singles Chart.[3]